text:
The African Fish Eagle, or also known as the African Sea Eagle, is a large bird that is widely found across sub-Saharan Africa, where bodies of water and food sources are abundant. It is considered as the national bird of four African countries, Namibia, Zambia, South Sudan, and Zimbabwe.
This bird species is classified under the genus Haliaeetus, the Latin term for "sea eagles." The African Fish Eagle's close relatives are the Sanford's Sea Eagle, Bald Eagle, the critically endangered Madagascan Fish Eagle, Pallas's Fish Eagle, and White-tailed Eagle. Like most fish eagles, the African Fish Eagle is a white-headed species. Its binomial name, Haliaeetus vocifer, was given by the French naturalist François Levaillant who called this bird "the vociferous one."
Since the population of this bird species appears to be in a continuous rise across sub-Saharan Africa, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List tagged this sea bird species as Least Concern.
Its seven levels of scientific classification are as follows:
Species: H. vocifer
The physical characteristics of an African Fish Eagle
This bird species is a relatively large bird. A female African Fish Eagle is usually larger than a male African Fish Eagle, weighing 3.2-3.6 kg and 2-2.5 kg, respectively. There exists a sexual dimorphism in this bird species. Meaning, the two sexes of this bird species exhibit different physical characteristics aside from their sexual organs. Male African Fish Eagles usually have a wingspan of 6.6 ft., while females have 7.9 ft.
With its pure white head, neck, tail, and chest, this bird species can be easily recognizable. It also has a dark chestnut brown and black primaries and secondaries. Its tail is short. The cere and feet are yellow and the eyes are dark brown in color. Its head is featherless.
Juveniles usually have brown plumage, with paler eyes compared to adults. Their feet have rough soles and powerful talons that can grasp an aquatic prey.
Distribution and habitat of African Fish Eagles
As mentioned before, the African Fish Eagles are native to sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Mauritania, Niger, Chad, Mali, Sudan, and north Eritrea to the western Atlantic Ocean, eastern Indian Ocean, and South Africa. Non-breeding African Fish Eagles can be found in southwestern Africa, central Africa, and some parts of western Africa.
These birds frequent to freshwater lakes, reservoirs, rivers, mouths of rivers, and lagoons. They are common in Orange River in South Africa, Okavango Delta in Botswana, Lake Victoria, and in Lake Malawi. They also take refuge in grasslands, swamplands, tropical rainforests, and fynbos. They are absent in arid and desert zones, as they need lots of fishes to eat and trees to nest in.
The behavior of African Fish Eagles
This bird species mate for life. Breeding happens once a year, during the dry season when there are low water levels. A pair of African Fish Eagles participate in building two or more nests that can be reused for many years. They build their abodes by collecting twigs, pieces of woods, and sticks and situating it in a large, tall tree.
A female African Fish Eagle lays one to three eggs that are primarily white in color with red speckles. The pair takes turns in incubating the eggs. The incubation period lasts for an average of 45 days. These chicks fledge between 64-75 days. After 8 weeks of post-fledging, the African Fish Eagles will fly away from their parents.
African Fish Eagles are very territorial when it comes to their home turf. Oftentimes, you would see a bird perched alone, in pairs, or in small flocks. Although some sightings suggest that these birds congregate in flocks of more than 75 individuals.
Consequently, these birds are also known for their very distinct, loud cry, which is considered as a very iconic sound in Africa.
An African Fish Eagle's diet
As its name suggests, the African Fish Eagle's diet usually consists of a wide variety of fish. An African Fish Eagle does not submerge its head on the water to catch prey. Instead, it waits for the prey to appear on the surface of the water, snatches it using its strong talons, and flies up to a perch to eat its prey.
Other than fish, it also feeds on flamingos, small turtles, lizards, small reptiles, crocodile hatchlings, and monkeys.
Likewise, these birds have the ability to steal the prey that was caught by other predatory birds. This behavior is called kleptoparasitism.
BOTSWANA BIRDS | SOUTH AFRICA BIRDS
NAMIBIA BIRDS | ZAMBIA BIRDS | ZIMBABWE BIRDS


text:
Whether you are playing Santa's helper or in a school play craft your own Christmas elf hat out of felt or velvet fabric.
Felt or velvet fabric
Needle and thread or hot glue gun
The first step is to make a basic hat pattern from paper. Draw and cut a triangle with a base length and height of 13 inches.
For an adult-sized hat, increase the base and height measurements to 14 inches.
Tie a pencil to a string and stretch the string taut from the apex (or tip) of the triangle until the tip of the pencil touches the midpoint of the triangle's base. While keeping the string taut, draw an arc spanning the two opposite sides of the triangle.
Before drawing the arc, you may find it helpful to tape your paper triangle to the table and the string to the apex of the triangle.
Cut out the pattern. You will have something that looks like a slice of pie.
Obtain a large sheet (at least 22 x 14 inches) of green or red felt. If you want a soft or droopy hat, use thin felt or a soft-type fabric such as velvet.
*In case you don't have a large enough sheet of felt or fabric, you can use 2 smaller sheets. Each sheet should be able to accommodate the hat pattern you made.
Align one side of your hat pattern along the folded edge of the fabric. Trace the pattern onto the fabric.
*If you are using two smaller felt or fabric sheets, trace the hat pattern onto each sheet.
While keeping the fabric folded, cut along the hat outline.
For those who are working with two smaller sheets, cut out the hat outline on each sheet.
Join the straight edges of the folded fabric by stitching them together or by gluing them together with a hot glue gun.
*When working with two smaller sheets, you will have to sew or glue the pair of hat cut-outs together along their two straight sides.
When the glue dries, turn the hat inside-out so that the stitches or the glued edges are concealed inside. You will also notice that you now have a cone-shaped fabric hat.
If you used green felt for the hat, obtain red felt for the zigzag lining at the base of the hat, or vice-versa. We have a template that you can print, cut out and trace repeatedly (approximately 3 times) to make a long band that can go around the entire base of the hat.
Cut out the entire zigzag band. If your felt sheet is not long enough, you can make shorter pieces or glue/sew them together to make a longer band.
Glue (use hot glue gun) or stitch the zigzag band at the base of the hat.
Sew or glue a jingle bell at the tip of your Christmas elf hat.
You may further decorate your elf hat by gluing small pompoms or tiny bells at the tips of the zigzag band.
Have fun wearing your Christmas elf hat!
This craft is reprinted courtesy of FirstPalette.com.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


In the 1920s, businesses tricked shoppers by putting fake television sets in their windowsS
Although television sets wouldn't be mass produced in the United States until after WWII, by the 1920s, many Americans were already captivated by the idea of moving pictures broadcast into their homes. To capitalize on the interest in this not-quite-ready-for-primetime technology, some stores would actually set up fake television sets to lure shoppers to their windows.
Matt Novak of Paleofuture details a couple of methods for creating fake television displays, from the August 1926 issue of Science and Invention magazine. In the example above, a prerecorded filmstrip is broadcast against a screen in one section of the window, showing an actress making various movements and expressions. The actress herself sits in another part of the window, trying to mimic her prerecorded movements as best she can while seated in front of a fake camera (actually a lamplit funnel). The hope was that passersby wouldn't notice any discrepancies between the two performances and would believe that the "camera" was truly broadcasting the actress's face to the nearby projector.
Paleofuture explains another rather ingenious method of fake television creation, one that didn't require such an attentive actress.
In the 1920s, Shoppers Got Punk'd By Fake Televisions [Paleofuture]


Enoch Bartlett
American merchant
Enoch Bartlett (1779–1860) was a farmer from Dorchester, Massachusetts.
He bought Thomas Brewer's farm in Roxbury. This farm had a field of pear trees, which he named after himself, as he did not know the fruit already had a name.
In 1828 a new batch of pear trees arrived from England, and it was realised that the Bartlett pear was the same as the Williams pear, but by this time the name had stuck, and is still the commonest name for this type of pear in Canada and the United States.


Basset history
So, is it true? Did Lafayette really give 2 basset hounds to George Washington?
The very famous British Basset - FRED
William Shakespeare
(THÉSÉE: Scene V)
A Midsummer Night's Dream
French star - Télé Z
The encyclopedia description of the Basset Hound is:
"The Basset Hound is a short-legged breed of dog of the hound family. They are scent hounds, bred to hunt by scent. Their sense of smell for tracking is second only to that of the Bloodhound. The name Basset derives from the French word "bas" meaning "low".
I will not go into all the technical details about bassets - there are more than plenty of excellent books covering the subject. Just a few facts that I found interesting.
Firstly, everyone seems agreed on the fact that Bassets are French, even though they travelled to the UK and the US where they became very popular at different times. Their first use was in hunting rabbits and hare. Being scent hounds they just trail their victims and don't actually kill them.
Once, in a field meeting in France, they were described as "paramedics"! They smell the blood of the injured animal and follow that trail till they find them. The reason their ears are so long is that they drag along the ground and this helps bring up the scents to their noses.
In France there are two distinct breeds: the Basset Hound and the Basset Artésien Normand; in other countries they do not distinguish between the two breeds.
The origins of the Basset Hound go back to the middle ages but they probably did not have exactly the same appearance as today. They started becoming popular in the latter part of the 19th century.
William Shakespeare himself even described what sounds very much like a basset hound in A Midsummer Night's Dream, in the words of Theseus :
My hounds are bred out of the Spartan kind,
So flew'd, so sanded, and their heads are hung
With ears that sweep away the morning dew;
Crook-knee'd, and dew-lapp'd like Thessalian bulls;
Slow in pursuit, but match'd in mouth like bells,
Each under each. A cry more tuneable
Was never holla'd to, nor cheer'd with horn,
In Crete, in Sparta, nor in Thessaly:
Judge when you hear.
Time magazine featured the Basset Hound in 1928 and some people think that this is what made the Basset Hound popular in the United States. I think that Fred Basset did a lot for making the breed popular in the UK, back in 1963 when Graham "gave birth" to Fred his world famous comic strip in a national newspaper.
I have often heard said that it was the Marquis de Lafayette who introduced Basset Hounds to America, offering them as a gift to George Washington. I have just read a very detailed biography on the life of Lafayette and did not see any mention of this. Ah well, I learnt plenty of other interesting things whilst reading the book, anyway.
There have been several famous Basset Hounds around the world and some connections with famous people, too. Here are just a few of them that I know about :
Droopy Dog, originally created in 1943 by Tex Avery; US
Fred Basset, comic strip created in 1963 by Graham; UK
Rosebud the Basselope, from Berke Breathed's comic strip "Bloom County"; US
Bassets in films :
Lafayette, in the 1970 Disney Film "The Aristocats"; US
Fred, in the 1977 film "Smokey and the Bandit"; US
Gabriel, in Ghost in the Shell 2 : Innocence (directed by Mamoru Oshii. Gabriel is his own dog and features in many of his films) ; US/Japan
TV Bassets :
Sherlock, on The Steve Allen Show (sung to by Elvis P in person!) on July 1st 1956; US
Flash, in the Dukes of Hazzard, 1980's; US
Cleo, The People's Choice; US
Dog, in the Columbo series; US
Quincy, from Coach; US
Sammy, from That's so Raven; US
Socrates, in Judging Amy; US
Ari, from Karen et Ari; France
Heinrich, (a German series) ; Germany
Some famous Basset Hound owners (past and present):
Queen Alexandra (wife of Edward VII) - Bijou UK; Harry Anderson - Floyd; Bob Hope - Recession; Clint Eastwood - Sidney; Candice Bergen - Dickles; Marilyn Monroe & Arthur Miller - Hugo; Rex Harrison - Homer; Anson Williams - Beau; Sara Cox - Snoop;
and not forgetting those whose bassets' names I do not know : Jean-Pierre Coff (French TV cuisine); Richard Dean Anderson (McGyver); Jake Plummer (Denver Broncos); James Earl Jones; Alton Brown; Truman Capote. Xaviera Hollander (The Happy Hooker!).
I'm sure there are plenty more.....
© 2016 by Bassettissimmo. Proudly created with
 - Facebook Social Icon
Surprise, Surprise, I am now on FB!!!!
Je ne suis plus allergique à FB!!!
This site was designed with the
website builder. Create your website today.
Start Now


text:
Heaney, et al. 2011. Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences, 2: 34. Type Locality: 3.5 km SW Mt. Cetaceo peak, Cagayan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, elevation 1400 m (17.69561d N, 122.01683d E)
© The Field Museum. Photograph by L Heaney and A Niedzielski.
English common names: Sierra Madre apomys, Sierra Madre forest mouse
Total length: 262-296 mm; tail: 124-154 mm; hind foot: 34-39 mm; ear: 18-21 mm; weight: 73-110 g. In the Sierra Madre range, Apomys sierrae has dorsal fur that is dark brown with rusty-reddish tints, while on Mt. Palali (Caraballo Mountains), the dorsal fur is medium brown with a yellow tint. Also, the skin of the ears and feet of this latter group is paler than in the individuals from the Sierra Madre. Ventral fur is medium to pale gray at the base and white or white washed with pale ochraceous at the tips. The tail, which is about equal to head and body length, is distinctly bicolored—dark brown dorsally and, usually, white ventrally; only a few individuals have a white tip. The dorsal surface of the hind foot is white with scattered dark hairs.Apomys minganensis has longer, denser and darker dorsal fur and also many dark hairs on the dorsal surface of the hind foot. Apomys sierrae is usually smaller than A. magnus, and the dorsal fur of the former is dark brown with rusty reddish tones or rich rusty orange-brown as opposed to the dark brown with prominent black guard hairs of the latter. Apomys magnus has ventral fur that is paler gray at the base and nearly white at the tip. Apomys sierrae has a reddish tint in its dorsal fur as opposed to the more yellow tint of A. aurorae; otherwise, they are quite similar externally. Also, A. sierrae tends to have a longer hind foot, although other measurements are similar. Apomys sierrae is smaller than A. zambalensis in almost all measurements, and the dorsal pelage of A. zambalensis is a bright rusty umber, rather than dark brown with rusty-red tints. Apomys microdon and A. musculus occur sympatrically in some areas; both are much smaller with proportionately longer tails.
Known from Palaui Island (FMNH), the northern Sierra Madre range in Cagayan Province (USNM); Mt. Lataan and Mungiao Mountains, Quirino Province (FMNH); and Mt. Palali, Caraballo Mountains, Nueva Viscaya (FMNH), Luzon Island (Heaney et al., 2011).
© The Field Museum
Habitat and Ecology:
Currently documented from ca. 475 to 1800 m on Luzon, although it was found at 153 m on Palaui Island, where the maximum elevation is approximately 300 m. On an elevational survey of Mt. Palali, Apomys sierrae was the most frequently captured species of non-volant small mammals in all the collection sites: 780 m, 900 m, 1040 m, 1300 m, 1420 m, and 1707 m. The forest type at these elevations included lowland disturbed agro-forest, regenerated dipterocarp forest, transitional lowland/lower montane forest, mature montane forest, and mossy forest. On an elevational survey of Mt. Cetaceo, A. sierrae was the most abundant non-volant small mammal at all four survey localities: 1300 m, 1400 m, 1500 m and 1550 m. These elevations represent lower montane forest, montane forest, and old-growth mossy forest. Apomys sierrae forages on the ground at night nocturnally, searching for earthworms and seeds. Apomys microdon and A. musculus both occur sympatrically over parts of its range; both are small, primarily arboreal species.
Apomys sierrae from Mt. Cetaceo. © The Field Museum. Illustration by V Simeonovski.
Apomys sierrae from Mt. Palali. © The Field Museum. Illustration by V Simeonovski.
Widespread and abundant.
Comments:Surveys in the area of where the Caraballo Mountains and the Central Cordillera come together, a potential overlap in the distribution of Apomys sierrae, A. abrae, and A. datae, could produce interesting data as to the comparative habitat usage and interactions of these species.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a set of files that are commonly used as inputs in my tex files, so I put them in a directory and set the path in the TEXINPUTS environment variable (in Ubuntu). This works fine when compiling files with the latex command, but if I compile them with pdftex, it gives the following error message:
! I can't find file '{header.tex}'.
l.1 \input{header.tex}
As far as I can tell, pdftex is completely ignoring the TEXINPUTS environment variable. Does it use a different environment variable? How can I get it to recognise a path?
share|improve this question
Are you using pdftex or pdflatex. The latter will read \input{header.tex} as a braced argument for file header.tex, but pdftex is Knuth's plain format with the pdfTeX engine: there, \input has primitive syntax only, and the file name searched is {input.tex}. – Joseph Wright Nov 18 '12 at 12:38
Aha! pdflatex works, but pdftex doesn't. Thanks for explaining. – thornate Nov 18 '12 at 12:52
I'll write that up in a slightly modified form as an answer, then :-) – Joseph Wright Nov 18 '12 at 13:06
Start your documents with \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} to get a meaningful error message if you use the wrong program. – Martin Schröder Nov 19 '12 at 7:41
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 6 down vote accepted
The latex command runs LaTeX in DVI-output mode. LaTeX's definition of \input allows for a syntax
where the is read as a braced argument. The pdflatex command will do exactly the same but with direct PDF output.
On the other hand, pdftex runs plain TeX with direct PDF output. The plain TeX definition for \input uses a 'primitive' syntax, in which the name is read as any tokens at all up to the first space. Thus with pdftex
ends up looking for a file called {}, including the braces.
share|improve this answer
It may be worth noting that \input{filename} works also in LuaTeX (as opposed to LuaLaTeX). – egreg Nov 18 '12 at 13:46
_USER_ One of the 'features' of LuaTeX which gives me headaches :-) – Joseph Wright Nov 18 '12 at 14:00
add comment
Your Answer


.2 I'm not 100% sure on this but it seems like WE from space battles is calculated based on damage rather than naval capacity lost. This leads to space battles being nominal losses for the winning fleet even though its losses in terms of naval capacity are far lower. Space battles should use lost naval capacity instead. Damage is almost irrelevant since even in occupied enemy territory repairs are easy. 10.1.3 Using WE as the metric that forces a status quo peace (SQP) makes no sense either. The difference in battles won/lost and occupation should matter. An empire should be less willing to accept a SQP if it loses territory and more willing if it gains territory. 10.1.4 The whole concept of using the absolute numbers instead of the difference makes no sense. Why would you be in a position to dictate terms when the difference is 2%? 10.2. Surrender must be enforcable, SQP might be. Forcing peace implies leverage, if you beat an empire badly enough then you are definitely in a position to dictate the terms of the peace agreement. If both empires are unable to make progress then how is one of them supposed to be in a position to FORCE a SQP? 10.3 Forced SQP should still exist because it prevents getting stuck in a war where the war goal isn't quite achievable but there is a significant advantage for one empire. To make it symmetrical there should be a range where both can accept voluntarily and outside of that range one empire should be able to force a SQP. Even beyond switching WE from space battles from damage to naval capacity lost some tweaking will be required to prevent large scale wars (e.g. war in heaven) from being aborted after a handful of inconclusive fleet engagements because WE has ticked up too far or because the combatants couldn't even reach each other in time due to the new travel times (see #6 though). 10.4 War Goals 10.4.1 SQP should not be vastly easier to achieve than a Conquer War Goal when you have already conquered everything that you claimed. This makes no sense. 10.4.2 Defensive pacts should not influence the value of occupations (correct me if I'm remembering this wrong). When all systems of the actual target are occupied then the defensive pact obviously didn't matter and the war goal should be enforcable. 10.4.3 Again the difference in occupations should matter. Why would an empire be willing to accept defeat when all of its systems and planets are occupied while its own army is currently busy occupying the last planet of the opposing empire?
10.5 Suggestions
10.5.1 War Exhaustion Seperate time and actual battles. As others have suggested using WE as an empire-wide modifier across all wars makes sense. The length of a war influencing an empires decision whether or not to accept a peace offering like with War Score makes sense. The length of a war being able to force its end with no battles fought makes no sense. Use the naval capacity (or number of armies) lost instead of damage done. Repairs are free so damage doesn't matter. Use a percentage of the available naval capacity so that a single Corvette isn't suddenly worth 50% because all other fleets were destroyed. Defense armies should probably not count either since they are free. Use the difference in WE (tbh without the time it's the same as War Score). If both empires are causing roughly equal losses for each other and are still able to rebuild their fleets and continue doing that over and over again they are obviously not exhausted and neither are their ressources. To a degree this will also prevent large space battles from instantly ending large wars. Generally tone WE from space battles down a bit. Occupation score being a percentage of the systems occupied (with system "value" factored in) can make sense but not if a single space battle can generate as much WE as occupying almost the whole empire which is definitely worse. I think naval capacity lost divided by total naval capacity would work and also remove the need for a relative navy strength bonus. You don't get it for free anymore but equal losses at twice the naval capacity will "cost" you only half as much and you end up with a net gain if you actually use your fleets. Uncapping space battles % but using the difference and capping that (see # would allow the complete destruction of one side's fleet to still count even late in a war when both sides are at >100% from space battles while not allowing you to farm WE by just trashing a tiny fleet completely over and over again and inherently prevent any close battle with both sides at near full naval capacity from just ending the war instantly because the difference in losses won't be that large.
10.5.2 Status Quo Peace Status Quo Peace should take into account the following: The difference in losses in battles. Damage is irrelevant and if both sides are causing similar losses neither has a reason to give up. Cap it at +-100. The difference in claimed occupied systems. Systems the opponent would lose should count against the SQP, systems they gain for it, for obvious reasons. Should be inherently capped at +-100 by dividing the "strategic value" of the systems by the value of all systems of that empire. The difference in unclaimed occupied systems. Systems the opponent occupies should count against his opinion on the SQP, vice versa for systems you occupy. After all accepting this SQP now would prevent them from losing the unclaimed systems you occupy in case of a later SQP or you enforcing a Conquer War goal after you've claimed them (->SQP now better for them) and the other way around it prevents them from getting the systems they might still like to claim before offering a SQP (->SQP later better for them). Either a base and/or a time based penalty to prevent war->instant SQP from being used as an involuntary non-aggression pact. Probably a time based penalty/bonus (see previous point) to make a SQP more likely the longer a war drags on (the actual point of WE) but not a strong enough modifier to force the SQP on its own. Above a certain threshold you should be able to force a SQP. Below the reverse of the threshold it can be forced on you. Between that one has to offer and the other has to agree. How the AI should handle the voluntary range is debatable and can be made as simple (offeaccept when in favour, otherwise deny) or as complex (take into account the trend and length of the war, possibly external WE etc.) as you want.
10.5.3 War Goals/Surrender War Goals should take into account the following: The difference in losses in battles. Same as with SQP. The claimed systems they occupy should count against it. Obviously they shouldn't be eager to surrender when they're occupying a lot of your system. Claimed systems you occupy should not count at all. The idea is you'd basically flip the score used for SQP but add the "value" of each claimed system as a penalty to the War Goal to make it more difficult to force a surrender the more systems you claim unless you occupy them all. The flip version could be used for UI purposes but this way is easier for what I intend to do about claimed but unoccupied systems. The difference in unclaimed occupied system. Same as with SQP. I don't think the length of the war / attrition should matter. Unlike SQP which should get more likely as time goes on you shouldn't be able to "wait out" a war if you can't outright win it. External, empire wide actual War Exhaustion might be worth considering though. For anything except Conquer a base penalty somewhere between 50 and 100 I think, depending on how much space battles cause after the changes. Occupying 50% of your opponents territory + mirroring whatever percentage of your territory they are occupying + going at least positive in space/ground battle losses seems difficult enough. Conquer should be fine without a base penalty since you still need to overcome your opponent's occupation score and/or go net positive in battles. If you occupy everything you claimed and they occupy none then you obviously deserve that territory, unless they caused you some horrible losses. Instead of a massive penalty for claiming unoccupied systems or a more reasonable one, that ends up enabling taking an impenetrable system via attrition/space battle spam, claimed but unoccupied systems should simply never change owner. This is necessary because my proposed changes would change SQP from "Conquer without the base penalty" into "actual SQP that both sides are happy with" and it removes the problem of old claims on now impenetrable systems blocking all war goals for all eternity. Forcing you to surrender should be possible to mirror the AI empires accepting your War Goal demands. Otherwise AI empires are at a disadvantage. Again there might be a voluntary range before it becomes enforcable.
10.5.4 Let me see the claims on me. Claims map mode? 10.5.5 Instead of showing War Score, War Exhaustion or whatever other number that is meaningless until it reaches 100% show the "acceptance numbers" or whatever you want to call them for forcing your War Goal, SQP and forcing your surrender. Now that would actually be useful. 10.5.6 To prevent the automatic border gore that will inevitably happen in a balanced SQP peace maybe add a round of negotations after the SQP has been agreed upon so that you can "trade" a number of systems of similar occupation value with some acceptance bonuses for a more continuous border. Otherwise because you can't claim your own systems any SQP where both sides occupied some systems


text:
Drought Weather Concerns
Posted: July 4, 2012
By: Ann Swinker, Extension Horse Specialist, PSU
During a very dry season, some plants begin to accumulate Nitrates. Slightly high nitrate concentrations can result in broodmares aborting. By the time the source of the problem is determined, the horses will have suffered severe effects. Horses avoid these types of plants under normal circumstances, but when grass is scarce or pastures are overgrazed, they will sometimes turn to them for nourishment. The best solution for ingesting these types of plants is to remove animals from affected forage.
Horses on over-grazed or
drought-stricken pastures will need to be fed hay or other alternative forage
sources to keep them from eating infected weeds or accumulator plants. Extreme weather conditions can place a heavy
strain on pastures, hay fields, and feedstuff growth, which could mean you need
to supplement your horse's diet with alternative forages.
Horses require more water during a drought because they are forced to eat more fibrous, less palatable grasses and weeds. In addition to hydration, horses require extra water to maintain normal gut function.
Drought conditions can also severely affect the water source quality. Because of evaporation, natural water sources can contain higher concentrations of minerals and/or contaminants that would be diluted under normal circumstances. Stagnant water pools are also ideal
conditions for blooms of blue-green algae, which is very toxic to horses and can even cause death. If you are concerned about water contaminants, consider having your water tested, or fence horses away from the stagnant water. You may need to apply water to dry lots. Your local extension service can help you find a lab to test your water, hay or pasture. _URL_


text:
Recycled Water: How It's Made and What Its Benefits Are
(Posted 11/5/2020) North Marin Water District was formed by local voters in 1948. Each year since, water sources and water facilities have been evaluated, upgraded, and developed in order to meet the water supply needs of the community. The District built the Stafford Dam in 1951 and began importing Russian River water in 1961. Today, North Marin Water District receives about 70% of its water supply from the Russian River, but it's important to consider alternative sources of water as the community's needs and the environment's needs evolve. Recycled water is an important part of North Marin Water District's supply structure and continued efforts to become more sustainable.
What is recycled water?
Recycled water is wastewater treated to tertiary recycled water standards — the highest level of treatment defined by the State of California (referred to as Title 22). This water comes from Novato Sanitary District for the North and Central Service Areas and from Las Gallinas Valley Sanitary District for the South Service Area. There are four treatment steps that wastewater goes through before it is considered tertiary recycled water: primary treatment, biological treatment (secondary), filtration and disinfection (tertiary). This level of treatment allows for unrestricted reuse in virtually all recycled water applications. Recycled water meets strict federal, state, and county health and safety requirements — second only to drinking water in purity.
How is it used?
Currently, North Marin Water District uses recycled water for landscape irrigation at large office complexes, Valley Memorial Park Cemetery, three school fields (Hamilton Elementary, Lynwood Elementary, and the Novato Charter School), Stone Tree and Marin Country Club golf courses, many homeowners association common areas, and three automated car washes.
- High quality: Though it is not approved for drinking, recycled water is safe and effective for use in thousands of applications throughout the United States and the world. Of the three quality standards for recycled water in California, North Marin Water District's recycled water is of the highest quality.
- Reliable: While the majority of properties may be forced to cut down on their water use during drought periods, properties using recycled water will not have their water supply affected by drought.
- Sustainable: Along with having a lower carbon footprint, recycling water uses less energy than developing other new sources of water. Additionally, recycled water offsets 10% of the potable water demand in Novato in summer months.
- Cost savings: Customers who use recycled water do not have to pay the +8% seasonal rate now in place in non-residential water use from May through November,

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


From Honda Accord Hybrid to Koenigsegg Regera
Some of you may wonder why we are talking about Honda Accord and Koenigsegg Regera at the same time. At first glance, these two cars are totally unrelated: the Honda Accord Hybrid has only 196HP combined system power, while the Koenigsegg Regera has 1,500HP. The Accord Hybrid starts from $29,305, while the Koenigsegg Regera carries a price tag of $1,890,000 (close to 1.9 million).
Above image: the Koenigsegg Regera in the 2015 Geneva auto show
In fact, despite the huge difference in power output and price, these two cars have one common feature: they are the only two production cars that connects an internal combustion engine (ICE) directly to the driving wheels. Yes that sounds odd: the ICE propels the wheels directly, no transmission at all.
In this article, I will briefly introduce how such hybrid powertrain works and what is its pros and cons. Part of the information is from the following Honda technical papers:
Development of SPORT HYBRID i-MMD Control System for 2014 Model Year Accord
Above image: the 2014 Honda Accord Hybrid
Battery Pack: Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid v.s Koenigsegg Regera
Accord Plug-in Hybrid: Lithium-Ion Battery, 6.7kWh, instant output: 55kW
Koenigsegg Regera: Lithium-Ion Battery, 9kWh, instant output: 500kW
The Regera has around 34% more battery capacity than the Accord Plug-in hybrid, however, its electric motors draw battery power much faster than the Accord. So the Regera's battery capacity is facing a bigger challenge under heavy track racing conditions.
Engine Direct Drive Hybrid System Explained
See the below illustration, the Honda Accord Hybrid has 3 different working modes (the Koenigsegg Regera will work similarly too):
Above image: 2014 Honda Accord Hybrid i-MMD operation modes
Pure EV mode: the vehicle is driven by the electric motor only, which draws power from the battery; the ICE is stopped in this mode;
Hybrid drive mode: the ICE is running, driving the generator; the generator provides electricity to supply to the electric motor, which propels the vehicle; the ICE does not have any mechanical connections to the vehicle wheels. If ICE generates more energy than what the electric motor needs, the excessive power will be used to charge the battery; on the other hand, if the instant power required from the electric motor exceeds what the ICE generates at that moment, extra power will be drawn from the battery;
Engine drive mode (when vehicle speed > 38mph): the ICE is directly connected to the wheels without a transmission, the vehicle will be driven directly by the ICE with extra assist from the electric motor (if needed).
Above image: Speed and workload range of Honda Accord Hybrid's 3 driving modes
You can see, the "engine drive" mode cannot be used if the vehicle is moving at a low speed, since that will stall the engine. This is true on both the Accord and the Regera. The engine drive mode kicks in at 38mph for the Accord and 30mph for the Regera. The above image shows each driving mode's possible speed and workload range.
Above image: illustration of the Koenigsegg Regera's powertrain
Above image: 2014 Honda Accord Hybrid's powertrain
Pros of Using Engine Direct Drive (No Transmission)
The reason of not using a transmission, but instead connecting the engine directly to the wheels, is to address two shortcomings in the traditional transmission:
1. Parasitic loss in the transmission components;
2. A brief stop of power transmitting during the period when transmission is changing the gear (not including the CVT)
Pros of Using A Transmission
Most cars with an internal combustion engine (ICE) are usually paired with a transmission. This includes some expensive exotic hybrid supercars, such as the Porsche 918, Ferrari LaFerrari, Lamborghini Asterion and Acura NSX. This is definitely not a coincidence, and there must be some reasons behind it. Especially for the Acura NSX, which uses one ICE plus 3 electric motors. Obviously, Acura has no technical difficulties in using the no-transmission drivetrain scheme like the Koenigsegg Regera, because it has already gained relevant experiences while designing the Accord Hybrid; and it is not for cost too – in fact it saves lots of money by removing the transmission. Therefore Acura has its own consideration on what is more suitable for a hybrid sports car.
Reasons for mainstream auto makers to use transmission on their hybrid sports cars are as follows:
1. To provide maximum torque in low speed and let the car accelerate even if the battery is empty, ICE need to directly participate in providing torque to the wheels. ICE has low torque output in low RPM range (especially near engine idle RPM), therefore it needs different gear ratios to "magnify" the torque output;
2. ICE has different thermal efficiency under different RPM and different workload. By using a transmission, it can let the ICE stay within the most efficient RPM range at any vehicle speed. For example, an ICE outputs 100hp at 2,000 RPM; and it can also output the same 100 horsepower at 4,000 RPM (achieved by varying the amount of fuel injected into the cylinders per cycle). Although the outputs are the same in both cases, fuel efficiencies are different.
The above images shows the engine efficiency relationship for the 2.0L engine used on the Accord Hybrid. The efficiency of each point on the chart (x-axis: engine speed in RPM, y-axis: workload, measured in torque output) is represented by different colors (more red means better efficiency). You can see: for the Honda engine, the best efficiency occurs in mid-range RPM and mid-torque output. Generally speaking, for a given ICE output, mid-range RPM with mid-load is better than low RPM with high load.
3. By using a transmission, a hybrid car is able to run using the ICE only, it will not cause any trouble even if the battery is fully depleted. This is extremely critical for track racing purpose.
Cons of Using Engine Direct Drive (No Transmission)
The first major issue is: when the ICE is connected to the wheels, its spinning RPM will be fixed to the vehicle speed, which means it will be unable to work in the maximum torque/output range at any time.
Secondly, for this design there will be a serious issue if the battery pack is fully depleted. Take the Koenigsegg Regera as an example, its power delivery scheme needs to be really conservative – this is because for speed less than 30mph, it depends solely on the electric motor; ICE will not work for that speed range because low speed will stall the direct connected engine. In short: the Koenigsegg Regera cannot has a fully depleted battery.
In addition, the ICE is unable to stay within the optimal efficiency RPM range. Furthermore, to provide instant high output to charge the battery, the V8 ICE on the Koenigsegg Regera may need to be disconnected from driving the wheels, then rev up to achieve high RPM output (in order to charge the battery as quickly as possible). This situation will occur even at the moment that you need maximum power (because charging the battery has the highest priority). From the previous section, we know the Regera's battery capacity is not so much larger than the Accord, and Regera's electric motors are drawing significantly more power from the battery, which will frequently cause the V8 engine to go into the charging mode. This may effectively left the Koenigsegg Regera to be driven only by the 700hp electric motors, frequently.
One more thing makes the situation worse: during hard acceleration, electric motors is drawing energy from the battery at a much faster speed than charging the battery. Therefore under the pure EV drive mode, electric motor output may need to be limited to a lower level to let the battery charging speed catch up with the speed that electricity is drained away. Hybrid cars with a transmission won't have such tight restrictions, because it can run solely using the ICE without any help from the electric motor.
You may challenge my above discussion since it is just a qualitative analysis. But that is based on what we know from the Accord Hybrid.
Power Management Scheme: 2014 Honda Accord Hybrid
Above image: power management scheme of the 2014 Honda Accord Hybrid
We do not have details of the Regera's power management algorithm; however, Honda did show us how the power is managed in the Accord Hybrid. I consider it to be very representative.
See the above image, you will find most of the time, Honda does not allow the ICE to be connected to the wheels (ICE only drives the wheel during high speed acceleration phase); In high-speed hard acceleration, when the ICE is participated in driving the wheels directly, the battery is also in the discharging mode, which means such output level cannot be maintained for longer period, and the battery charging phase (which draws power from the ICE) will follow immediately.
Therefore, Acura uses a 7-speed DCT on the 2016 NSX for these major reason: it not only makes it possible to keep the engine RPM within the optimal efficiency/torque/hp region, but also has higher possibility to supply the maximum system power whenever you need it. The same reason applies to other hybrid sports car like the


text:
World War I irrevocably changed the view of warfare in a number of ways. The trench bogs, the introduction of tanks, weapons of mass destruction (mustard gas) and the last-gasp reliance on horses for either hauling artillery or cavalry officers through the endless mud and muck.
Animals were integral to the war effort. According to the RootsWebAncestry.com website, the US Army had six classes of animals to fulfill military hauling requirements. These were:
- For the cavalry: Active horses from 950 to 1,200 pounds
- For hauling light artillery: Strong active horses from 1,150 to 1,300 pounds
- For hauling siege batteries: Powerful horses from 1,400 to 1,700 pounds
- For hauling wheelers above 1,150 pounds or leaders above 1,000 pounds: pack and draft mules
Naturally, these animals required care and the Veterinary Corps stepped in to help out. Below, is a YouTube video showing some of the various steps taken to prepare a horse for the war effort.
While today's military veterinarians still take care of the ceremonial horses, they also look after sniffer dogs currently helping out troops in Iraq and Afghanistan.


text:
Description: An overview of current mass casualty incident (MCI) patient tracking methods and their shortcomings as well as initiatives to improve patient tracking in MCI situations.
At the end of this presentation, participants will be able to:
- Describe different mass casualty incident (MCI) patient tracking methods that are currently used.
- Present alternate methods or initiatives aiming to provide improved patient tracking in MCI situation.
- The increased use of electronic Emergency Department patient information systems and other hospital electronic patient systems requires an investment in time and resources to develop adequate patient tracking methods in hospitals.
- The ideal patient tracking method will track patients from the scene of a MCI all the way to hospital discharge in real time and facilitate the search for family members & friends.


text:
Publish in core platform
Target audienceDigital skills for ICT professionals and other digital experts.
Digital technology / specialisationCybersecurity
Digital skill levelAdvanced
Geographic Scope - CountryEuropean Union
Industry - Field of Education and TrainingSecurity services not further defined
Type of initiative
Methodology (Long text)
Skills resource type
Target groupPersons in tertiary education (EQF 6)
Root-me is a platform for individuals looking to develop their expertise in hacking and computer security. It provides a realistic environment for users to test and enhance their hacking skills. The goal is to fully compromise a host to gain root access.
Root-me also places significant emphasis on community involvement. Users are encouraged to contribute and share insights, fostering an environment of collective learning. Moreover, the platform keeps users abreast of the latest tools and resources, ensuring they stay well-equipped for their hacking endeavours.
Root-me offers a wide range of challenges in different categories. These include exploiting script vulnerabilities, understanding application weaknesses, cracking binaries, breaking encryption algorithms, forensic analysis, network investigation, programming automation, realistic scenarios, steganography, and web technologies.
These challenges provide a comprehensive platform for users to develop their expertise in computer security and hacking.
Capture The Flag
Users can find a wide range of Capture The Flag (CTF) challenges on Root-me to improve their skills in various areas, such as scripting, cryptography, network programming, forensics, and more. The platform also offers a community where users can contribute and access information about new tools.
The objective is to fully compromise or "root" the vulnerable host within an internet network. Players engage by selecting a virtual environment and the game initiates once all players are prepared, with a minimum of one player required. The target environment is accessible at ctf0X.root-me.org, with 'X' representing the room number. The game concludes either when a participant successfully uses the validation flag or when the maximum "woot time" limit is reached.


text:
The Music Department
The Bishop Douglass Music Department gives students the opportunity to create and flourish in a supportive musical environment.
Underpinning all music lessons at Bishop Douglass is a focus on performing, composing and listening to music, leading to a deep and transferable understanding of the values of music. We seek to engage and inspire pupils to develop a love of music and their talent as a musician. Pupils will use their voices, instruments and technology to explore a range of musical contexts, styles and influences. As a result of their studies, pupils will perform fluently, compose appropriately and learn to reflect critically on the music they hear around them.
Music through the Key Stages
The curriculum is sequenced so that performing, composing and listening receive equal amounts of time. By the end of KS3, pupils will be expected to know, apply and understand the matters, skills and processes specified in the programme of study. Year-on-year, the curriculum allows students to improve their skills and allow them to access more complex material.
At KS3, students explore a wide range of musical styles and understand how each music style can be unique yet connected to others. Essential artists, features and influences are shared with students to provide them with a well-rounded understanding of each style. Students also develop a rich understanding of how particular music is constructed and expressed through their practical music-making. Students perform using a variety of instruments, such as keyboards, ukuleles, djembes and singing. As a result, students gain an intellectual curiosity in music and are encouraged to create their own.
Topics covered in Year 7 include the Classical era, Film Music and Reggae.
Topics covered in Year 8 include Musical Theatre, Jazz and Samba.
Topics covered in Year 9 include Electronic Dance Music, Minimalism and British Folk.
At KS4 the curriculum intends to develop the musical knowledge, understanding and skills learnt in music to ensure pupils form a personal and meaningful relationship with music. Pupils will be encouraged to engage critically and creatively with a wide range of music and musical contexts and react on how music is used in the expression of personal and collective identities. The areas of study provide an appropriate focus for pupils to appraise, develop and demonstrate an in-depth knowledge and understanding of musical elements, musical context and musical language. Performing, pupils will be able to interpret relevant musical elements as appropriate using resources and techniques as appropriate to communicate musical ideas with accuracy and expression and interpretation, including phrasing and dynamics appropriate to the style and mood of the music. Through composition, pupils will learn how to develop musical ideas, including extending and manipulating musical ideas, and compose music that is musically convincing.
Following KS4 pupils will embark on a broad and coherent KS5 course of study that prepares the individual for the world of work or further study. The intent of the curriculum is to provide pupils with the opportunity to study music in an integrated way where the skills of performing, composing and appraising reinforce knowledge and understanding of musical elements, contexts and language. In addition to focus upon the appraising examination, all learners will be assessed in both performing and composing. However, the curriculum allows learners to specialise in either performing or composing by providing specialist options.
Key Stage 3
Students in Year 7 are introduced to the key elements of music. To further understand these elements students participate in regular performance activities, such as, instrumental skills and singing.
In Year 8 students build on the skills they learned in year 7. Students are introduced to different musical styles and cultures, such as, Blues, RAP and World Music.
Throughout Key Stage 3 students also gain experience of using music production and recording software in the Music Department Apple Mac suite.
Key Stage 4
Students study the AQA GCSE syllabus which further develops skills gained in Key Stage 3. The course is formed of three key aspects: Listening and Appraisal, Composition and Performance. Students who take GCSE Music are provided with free instrumental tuition.
Key Stage 5
Music is offered to Sixth Form pupils through the Level 3 Music BTEC. This course encourages pupils to develop skills appropriate for applying to places of higher education or working in the Music Industry.
Subsidised Instrumental Lessons
Subsidised instrumental lessons are available for students in Year 7 and 8. The opportunity to choose from a wide selection of instruments is provided by the Music Department. Experienced tutors provide students with the chance to hone their performance skills and participate in numerous performing opportunities both inside and outside of school.
Students are encouraged to enter formal performance exams which can generate UCAS points, as well as, providing valuable experience for students hoping to audition for places in further education.
For further information please contact us via email - _EMAIL_


text:
Tyndale House Publishers
Book Publish Date:
The book gives vivid insights into the personal stories of Palestinians and Israelis who are involved in Middle Eastern conflicts. Mosab Yousef, a son of a leading Hamas figure, is transformed by the personal reading of Jesus Christ in the gospels. In the process he comes to understand that peace efforts are doomed to failure until hatred is replaced by loving one's enemies, as taught in the gospels. The book will inspire the reader to look to the example of Jesus Christ and the gospel for true peace, something not found in the example of Islam's prophet, Muhammad.


A post-sales monitoring process can fortify customer relationships and experiences
New Ideas in MarketingEssential news for marketers, summarised by YouGov
August 14, 2020, 5:13 PM UTC
Employing in-depth listening tactics on social media can help businesses understand the issues that affect consumers.
Brands should work towards improving their consumer experiences (CX) to bolster their relationships with their prospects. Offering products and services aligned with the consumers' everyday life and reframing mission statements to reflect the same can enhance CX.
Developing a post-sales monitoring process further allows brands to proactively help recent consumers, track their reviews and improve CX. Monitoring the audiences' social media activity can help brands better understand their content demands and craft relatable content that drives sales.
Brands can also follow consumers on social media platforms to understand their behaviour, motivations, trends and more and create efficient CX strategies. With the pandemic influencing the way people shop, providing products and services at discounted prices can help brands build goodwill and stay relevant.
Read the original article
[5 minute read]


text:
The control for selecting the date range is a single-field input control. Users can enter a localized date range using touch, mouse, or keyboard input, or by selecting a date range in the calendar. They can also navigate directly from one month or year to another.
Use the date range selection if:
- You need a time range and know that your user is a power user who has to input lots of data. If the keyboard is the primary device used for navigating the app, use two input fields. This allows the user to quickly jump from field to field. By selecting a date in one of the fields, the other field should recognize the information and jump to the same selection.
The date range selection is fully responsive. It is smaller in compact mode and provides a touch-friendly size in cozy mode. For more information about cozy and compact modes, see the article on content density.
The date range selection consists of two components: the date range input field and the date range picker.
Date Range Input Field
The user can type the date directly into the input field, or use the date picker. You can also show a prompt text in the field (property: placeholder). The system validates the date and gives the user feedback.
Date Range Picker
With the date range picker, the user can see a day view, month view, or year view. The current day and the selected date are highlighted. The calendar week is also visible in the day view. The calendar closes when a final day is selected. The user can click the arrows to view the previous and next days, months, or years (depending on the current view).
The selected date is shown with a blue background. The current day is indicated with a purple border in the calendar.
Behavior and Interaction
Selecting a Date Range
The user can type two dates into the date range input field or click the calendar icon to open the calendar and select a date. These two possibilities work for all devices – desktops, tablets, and smartphones.
If the current month is clicked, the user can change the month. When the user selects a month, the view changes to the day view.
Selecting a Range
After the user selects a start date, the dates being hovered over turn light blue to provide visual feedback that a range is being selected. When the user selects an end date, the calendar closes. The range appears in the date input field.
Entering Single Dates
The date range selection also allows the user to input single dates. The user can type one date into the input field, or select the same day as a start and end date in the calendar.
The delimiter visualizes the start and end date. If no delimiter is given, the app uses the one defined for the used locale.
If no range is selected, show a placeholder text to indicate the correct format. If no placeholder is defined, the control shows the default locale placeholder format. You can define your own placeholder, but you must also take localized versions into account.
Use inline validation to give the user feedback, especially for errors and warnings. Possible validation states are warning, error, success, and information. The date range input field in question is highlighted by a frame in the corresponding color. If the focus is inside the field, an explanation is shown. Ensure that this explanation is as specific as possible.
For more information on how to use the different semantic states, see How to Use Semantic Colors.
You can choose whether the displayed texts are to be shown in short, medium, or long format, or in another date format like dd–MM–yyyy. However, other date formats (besides short, medium, and long) should be used carefully due to local dependencies.
The following input types are available. (Note: these examples show German date formats for January 14, 2014.)
- Unicode CLDR short format: 14.01.14
- Unicode CLDR medium format: 14.01.2014
- ISO date format: 2014-01-14
- ISO date format without delimiters: 20140114
- Unicode CLDR short format without delimiters: 140114
- Unicode CLDR medium format: _PHONE_
Long Date Format
Short Date Format
Use the short date format for master list/object list item/list of object attributes if space is a concern. For example, you might need to save space if there is a label with the date. Here are some examples of the short date format:
- English (US): 1/16/22
- German (DE): 16.01.22
- Japanese (JP): 22/01/16
Relative and Medium Date Format
If appropriate, use a relative format for master list/object list item/list of object status. For example: today, 1 day ago, 2 days ago, and so on up to 6 days ago. After 6 days, use an absolute date with the medium format.
Use the absolute date with medium format in the corresponding object header in the details area. Do not use the relative format here.
If screen space is at a premium (for example, if there are too many columns), use the short date format within table cells. Otherwise, use the medium format.
If you need to display the weekday, use the full format. For example:
- English (US): Sunday, January 16, 2022
- German (DE): Sonntag, 16. Januar 2022
- French (FR): dimanche 16 janvier 2022
Want to dive deeper? Follow the links below to find out more about related controls, the SAPUI5 implementation, and the visual design.


Quick Answer: What Is Black Money?
How can I use black money?
You can ask your relative to gift you Rs.
10 lacs by way of cheque and you will in turn transfer your black money to him/her.
Here 56(2)(vii) is not attracted as gift is received from a relative.
People also give the black money to a person (say a family member or a friend) and take a cheque from them..
Can I deposit 50000 cash in bank?
The Bank Secrecy Act is officially called the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act, started in 1970. It states that banks must report any deposits (and withdrawals, for that matter) that they receive over $10,000 to the Internal Revenue Service. For this, they'll fill out IRS Form 8300.
What are the effects of black money?
Black money is largely attributed to tax evasion. Its direct impact is the loss of the Government revenue. Since the Government fails to get sufficient tax revenue due to large-scale tax evasion, it is forced to resort to high taxation and deficit financing which again carry their ill-economic effects.
Why Swiss bank is famous for black money?
The secrecy in Swiss banks is so deep that the rich with undisclosed, untaxed slush funds still consider them to be safer than banks in other tax havens. Swiss banks pay little or nothing on deposits. They even charge a fee for holding the money. Their famed walls of secrecy have become porous.
Can I deposit 50 lakhs in my account?
Thus, as cash deposits and withdrawals of Rs 10 lakh or more in a bank account in a financial year are required to be reported to the tax authorities, you need to be careful if you are exceeding the prescribed threshold. This limit is Rs 50 lakh and more in case of current accounts.
How much black money does India have?
(ii) The National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) – concluded that the total amount of illicit wealth or black money, accumulated outside India between the years 1980 and 2010 was in the range of $384 billion (approximately Rs. 27 lakh crore at the exchange rate) to $490 billion.
Can I deposit 100k cash in the bank?
The bank will accept your cash deposit. They will scan the notes to make sure that it isn't counterfeit notes. However, they are required by law to report all large sums of cash money deposited into accounts to the Feds. This is to ensure that it is legal money reported as income at IRS.
Can banks seize your money?
The law states that a U.S. bank may take its depositors' funds (i.e. your checking, savings, CD's, IRA & 401(k) accounts) and use those funds when necessary to keep itself, the bank, afloat.
How is black money converted to white money legally?
Go to known jeweler and give him all black money you want to convert. He will give you cheque for the same amount. He will also give you purchase bill showing you sold your personal Jewelry to him. By this way your Black money is converted to white and you need not to pay capital gain tax even.
How is black money created?
A large number of small shops around the country almost exclusively do business in cash without receipts. All of this could potentially be black money. Another major source of black money is income earned by companies that is routed through shell companies abroad, thereby evading tax authorities.
Can I deposit 20 lakhs in bank?
If you cash deposit or cash withdraw more than Rs. 50 lakhs to / from your current bank account – Bank will report to Income Tax authority. If you cash deposit more than Rs. 10 lakhs from your savings bank account – Bank will report to Income Tax authority.
Black money includes all funds earned through illegal activity and otherwise legal income that is not recorded for tax purposes. … On the other hand, black money can reduce the negative impact of oppressive laws. Black money can be illegally disguised as legitimate money through money laundering.
How can we avoid black money?
The government has come up with a Gold Amnesty scheme to prevent black money in this asset. This is similar to Voluntary Income Disclosure scheme to tap black money in income taxes. Again any cash transaction above Rs 2 lakh demands PAN number. So any large cash deal won't be able to generate black money.
Who are responsible for black money?
Thus the promoters of the public limited companies who hold rarely more than 10% of share capital, earn black money abroad at the cost of majority share holders and tax income to the Indian government.
How much black money is recovered after Demonetisation?
In total, Rs 69,350 core was recovered under Income Declaration Scheme and Black Money and Imposition of Tax Act, and another Rs 5,000 crore under PMGKY. In 2015, the Narendra Modi government enacted Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act.
What is black money and its causes?
The increase in prices of commodities like petrol, etc., in international market, increase in prices of commodities due to high increase in duties and taxes imposed by the government, conspicuous consumption indulged in by people with unaccounted money, diverting resources from production to speculation—all these cause …
Why is black money bad for the economy?
Loss of revenue to the government and running of parallel economy in the country– The increase and spread of black money has a serious impact on the economy as it results in the reduction if government revenues. … Black money has added to this corruption by the illegal transactions which are made to hide the black money.
How much money can be deposit in post office?
And now the limit has been hiked from ₹5,000 to ₹20,000 per customer. The move is aimed at increasing post office deposits over time. 2) No branch postmaster (BPM) shall accept cash deposit transaction for more than ₹50,000 in an account in a day.
Can I deposit 2 lakhs in my account?
Since there is a system of Annual Information Return being filed by banks, your cash deposit exceeding Rs. 10 Lakhs in a Savings account / exceeding Rs. … 2 lakhs is not allowed as per Section 269ST of the Income tax, which will land you in a penaly of Rs. 10 Lakhs.
How much money can I keep in my bank account?
Can I put 15000 cash in the bank?
It is perfectly legal to deposit cash in any amount into your bank account. If the money came from illegal activities the bank may ask snoopy questions and you might feel awkward. If the money can from legal sources, then no problem.


text:
The basic shape of East Dean church is unaltered from the time of its construction between the middle of the 12th century to the first part of the 13th. The cross shape with the tower at the middle is still there, with the impressive south door with its columns and multiple arches.
A north aisle was added in the 14th century and later removed, leaving only the traces of an arch visible in the outside wall. A wooden spire came and went.
The tower arches were beefed up with segmental curves at some point, and it is said the tops of the original medieval pointed arches are still visible above the plaster ceiling in the crossing.
The basic plan even survived the Victorians, who in 1870 brought in not one but two architects. The rector, who was responsible for the chancel, employed the nationally-known Ewan Christian, but the parishioners, who had to pay for the rest, got John Marshall, a local builder who was presumably much cheaper. Fortunately, although much of the stonework was replaced or sharpened up, they did not interfere too much.
A pair of lovely 18th century gravestones in the churchyard nicely illustrate two contrasting approaches to memorialising death. One is covered with symbols of mortality – a skull, a funerary urn and what looks like a bell. The other has symbols of the afterlife – the rays of God's glory, two cherubs and bunches of grapes.
It would be lovely to know if the first was erected to the gloomy old pessimist of the village, and the other to the local sunny optimist.


text:
Functions compiled using
are open-ended: they can be called with many different input types and
have to select (possibly compile on-the-fly) the right low-level
specialization. We hereby explain how this mechanism is implemented.
JIT-compiled functions can take several arguments and each of them is taken into account when selecting a specialization. Thus it is a form of multiple dispatch, more complex than single dispatch.
Each argument weighs in the selection based on its Numba type. Numba types are often more granular than Python types: for example, Numba types Numpy arrays differently depending on their dimensionality and their layout (C-contiguous, etc.).
Once a Numba type is inferred for each argument, a specialization must
be chosen amongst the available ones; or, if not suitable specialization
is found, a new one must be compiled. This is not a trivial decision:
there can be multiple specializations compatible with a given concrete
signature (for example, say a two-argument function has compiled
(float64, float64) and
and it is called with
Therefore, there are two crucial steps in the dispatch mechanism:
- infer the Numba types of the concrete arguments
- select the best available specialization (or choose to compile a new one) for the inferred Numba types
Compile-time vs. run-time¶
This document discusses dispatching when it is done at runtime, i.e. when a JIT-compiled function is called from pure Python. In that context, performance is important. To stay in the realm of normal function call overhead in Python, the overhead of dispatching should stay under a microsecond. Of course, the faster the better…
When a JIT-compiled function is called from another JIT-compiled function (in nopython mode), the polymorphism is resolved at compile-time, using a non-performance critical mechanism, bearing zero runtime performance overhead.
In practice, the performance-critical parts described here are coded in C.
The first step is therefore to infer, at call-time, a Numba type for each of the function's concrete arguments. Given the finer granularity of Numba types compared to Python types, one cannot simply lookup an object's class and key a dictionary with it to obtain the corresponding Numba type.
Instead, there is a machinery to inspect the object and, based on its
Python type, query various properties to infer the appropriate Numba
type. This can be more or less complex: for example, a Python
argument will always infer to a Numba
intp (a pointer-sized integer),
but a Python
tuple argument can infer to multiple Numba types (depending
on the tuple's size and the concrete type of each of its elements).
The Numba type system is high-level and written in pure Python; there is
a pure Python machinery, based on a generic function, to do said inference
numba.typing.typeof). That machinery is used for compile-time
inference, e.g. on constants. Unfortunately, it is too slow for run-time
value-based dispatching. It is only used as a fallback for rarely used
(or difficult to infer) types, and exhibits multiple-microsecond overhead.
The Numba type system is really too high-level to be manipulated efficiently from C code. Therefore, the C dispatching layer uses another representation based on integer typecodes. Each Numba type gets a unique integer typecode when constructed; also, an interning system ensure no two instances of same type are created. The dispatching layer is therefore able to eschew the overhead of the Numba type system by working with simple integer typecodes, amenable to well-known optimizations (fast hash tables, etc.).
The goal of the type resolution step becomes: infer a Numba typecode for each of the function's concrete arguments. Ideally, it doesn't deal with Numba types anymore…
Hard-coded fast paths¶
While eschewing the abstraction and object-orientation overhead of the type system, the integer typecodes still have the same conceptual complexity. Therefore, an important technique to speed up inference is to first go through checks for the most important types, and hard-code a fast resolution for each of them.
Several types benefit from such an optimization, notably:
- basic Python scalars (
- basic Numpy scalars (the various kinds of integer, floating-point, complex numbers);
- Numpy arrays of certain dimensionalities and basic element types.
Each of those fast paths ideally uses a hard-coded result value or a direct table lookup after a few simple checks.
However, we can't apply that technique to all argument types; there would be an explosion of ad-hoc internal caches, and it would become difficult to maintain. Besides, the recursive application of hard-coded fast paths would not necessarily combine into a low overhead (in the nested tuple case, for example).
Fingerprint-based typecode cache¶
For non-so-trivial types (imagine a tuple, or a Numpy
for example), the hard-coded fast paths don't match. Another mechanism
then kicks in, more generic.
The principle here is to examine each argument value, as the pure Python machinery would do, and to describe its Numba type unambiguously. The difference is that we don't actually compute a Numba type. Instead, we compute a simple bytestring, a low-level possible denotation of that Numba type: a fingerprint. The fingerprint format is designed to be short and extremely simple to compute from C code (in practice, it has a bytecode-like format).
Once the fingerprint is computed, it is looked up in a cache mapping fingerprints to typecodes. The cache is a hash table, and the lookup is fast thanks to the fingerprints being generally very short (rarely more than 20 bytes).
If the cache lookup fails, the typecode must first be computed using the slow pure Python machinery. Luckily, this would only happen once: on subsequent calls, the cached typecode would be returned for the given fingerprint.
In rare cases, a fingerprint cannot be computed efficiently. This is
the case for some types which cannot be easily inspected from C: for
cffi function pointers. Then, the slow Pure Python machinery
is invoked at each function call with such an argument.
Two fingerprints may denote a single Numba type. This does not make the mechanism incorrect; it only creates more cache entries.
Type resolution of a function argument involves the following mechanisms in order:
- Try a few hard-coded fast paths, for common simple types.
- If the above failed, compute a fingerprint for the argument and lookup its typecode in a cache.
- If all the above failed, invoke the pure Python machinery which will determine a Numba type for the argument (and look up its typecode).
At the previous step, an integer typecode has been determined for each concrete argument to the JIT-compiled function. Now it remains to match that concrete signature against each of the available specializations for the function. There can be three outcomes:
- There is a satisfying best match: the corresponding specialization is then invoked (it will handle argument unboxing and other details).
- There is a tie between two or more "best matches": an exception is raised, refusing to solve the ambiguity.
- There is no satisfying match: a new specialization is compiled tailored for the concrete argument types that were inferred.
The selection works by looping over all available specializations, and computing the compatibility of each concrete argument type with the corresponding type in the specialization's intended signature. Specifically, we are interested in:
- Whether the concrete argument type is allowed to convert implicitly to the specialization's argument type;
- If so, at what semantic (user-visible) cost the conversion comes.
Implicit conversion rules¶
There are five possible kinds of implicit conversion from a source type to a destination type (note this is an asymmetric relationship):
- exact match: the two types are identical; this is the ideal case, since the specialization would behave exactly as intended;
- same-kind promotion: the two types belong to the same "kind" (for
int64are two integer types), and the source type can be converted losslessly to the destination type (e.g. from
int64, but not the reverse);
- safe conversion: the two types belong to different kinds, but the
source type can be reasonably converted to the destination type
float64, but not the reverse);
- unsafe conversion: a conversion is available from the source type to the destination type, but it may lose precision, magnitude, or another desirable quality.
- no conversion: there is no correct or reasonably efficient way to
convert between the two types (for example between an
datetime64, or a C-contiguous array and a Fortran-contiguous array).
When a specialization is examined, the latter two cases eliminate it from the final choice: i.e. when at least one argument has no conversion or only an unsafe conversion to the signature's argument type.
However, if the function is compiled with explicit signatures
jit() call (and therefore it is not allowed to compile
new specializations), unsafe conversion is allowed.
Candidates and best match¶
If a specialization is not eliminated by the rule above, it enters the
list of candidates for the final choice. Those candidates are ranked
by an ordered 4-uple of integers:
(number of unsafe conversions,
number of safe conversions, number of same-kind promotions, number of
exact matches) (note the sum of the tuple's elements is equal to the
number of arguments). The best match is then the #1 result in sorted
ascending order, thereby preferring exact matches over promotions,
promotions over safe conversions, safe conversions over unsafe conversions.
The above-described mechanism works on integer typecodes, not on Numba
types. It uses an internal hash table storing the possible conversion


text:
Aang and friends arrive in the Earth Kingdom to begin his earthbending training, but a local general convinces Aang that all he needs to do is learn to control his Avatar state. Azula, Zuko's sister, arrives to escort her brother and uncle back to the Fire Nation. Written by
Did You Know?
The original script had Azula vaporize the ship captain after he mistakenly refers to Zuko and Iroh as prisoners, thus blowing Azula's cover story. This was changed because the creators deemed it to be too intense for younger viewers. See more
In Book II: EarthChapter 1: The Avatar State when Azula and Zuko are fighting on the ship she uses the high level lightning technique. However, the first time she uses it against him it plays the Firebending sound instead of the electrical sound played normally. See more
You lied to me!
Like I've never done that before.


Wednesday WorkshopMoving Mom and Dad
Wednesday WorkshopMoving Mom and Dad
Moving Mom and DadMoving is one of life's major stressors at any age. As we age the losses seem to gang up on us, loss of health, loss of a family member, loss of memory. Losing our home of 20 plus years is another major change and loss. Families need to be sensitive to what circumstances surround their parents' move.
1. Minimize the degree of change.
When changing residences, try to stay in the same geographical area. This allows familiarity with the necessary stores such as grocery store, pharmacies and medical offices.
2. Minimize the change of the immediate environment.
Recreate the same comfort zones from their former home to their new home. If they have been getting out of bed on the right side for 20 years, then set up their new bedroom the same. Put things away in cabinets, refrigerators, and drawers the same as much as humanly possible.
3. Honor the person and their possessions.
But again, taking into account the other losses associated with aging, this downsizing can represent loss. Downsizing is not easy for anyone. It is important for the older adult to be in control of the move and involved in the decision making.
4. Identify their treasures, both sentimental and of monetary value.
First come up with an agreed upon plan for what will happen to each treasured item. Family members can do a great service by accepting special gifts that simply do not fit in their new home. Knowing these items have a good home offers great peace of mind to your loved ones.
5. Focus on the person moving and what they are going to take.
Throw away any old invaluable items first. There is no need to move trash when it can simply be thrown away before a big move. Label moving boxes by which room it should end up in. This should cut down on time used for sorting items.
6. Be realistic.
It's perfectly normal to be overwhelmed when facing 20 plus years of accumulation. Set timelines and assign tasks. Break things down and possibly tackle one room at a time.
7. Be prepared to commit.
Your parents will need emotional and physical support throughout the moving process and while they unpack all of their belongings.
8. Remember and reminisce
Take the time to reminisce and enjoy your family history. Moving often unveils lifetime traditions, stories and treasures that could have been lost or forgotten.
By following these tips, moving should be less stressful and less overwhelming for the whole family. So for your parents' big move, keep these 8 tips in mind and remember the Alzheimer's Care Resource Center is always here for you. We offer a complimentary in-home assessment, so take advantage of it today! You can reach us at _PHONE_.


text:
See what questions
a doctor would ask.
These medical condition or symptom topics may be relevant to medical information for Mumps pancreatitis:
The following list attempts to classify Mumps pancreatitis into categories where each line is subset of the next.
Search to find out more about Mumps pancreatitis:
Search Specialists by State and City


text:
A Review of the Economic Costs of the Conflict in Northern Ireland
We review the existing literature which is pertinent to the study of the economic effects of terrorism in Northern Ireland.
Chapters 2-4 broadly set the scene for the study of terrorism and economic activity in Northern Ireland. Chapter 2 begins by mapping out the chronology of major events relating to the conflict, dating back to the first civil rights march in 1968 and extending forwards to the present. This chronological summary is accompanied by a detailed discussion of the background to the conflict and of the actions of the various participant groups. Chapter 3 then builds upon this ethnographic account by presenting a detailed description of the patterns of violence between 1969 and 2009. The nature, volume and duration of violence are each explored through reference to quantitative data describing different manifestations of the conflict. Chapter 4 alters the perspective to consider the development of the Northern Ireland economy since 1945. A major contribution of this chapter, which is relevant to the empirical analysis which comes later in the report, is to highlight the fact that Northern Ireland was a relatively poor region even prior to the outbreak of violence in the late 1960s.
With the broad context to the study firmly established, Chapters 5 and 6 then follow on to consider the relevant literature on the more direct issue of the economic costs of terrorism. Chapter 5 first discusses the theoretical mechanisms by which terrorist activity might affect economic activity within a region or country, outlining the possible direct and indirect effects of a terrorist campaign. The chapter then goes on to summarise some of the existing studies which Ð in common with the present study Ð seek to apply econometric techniques to estimate the economic effects of terrorist activity. Few of these existing econometric studies cover Northern Ireland. There are, however, a number of existing attempts to quantify the economic costs of the conflict to the Northern Ireland economy; these are both summarised and critically assessed in Chapter 6.


text:
Encyclopedia - Creeping Barrage
Although considered as a battlefield tactic as early as 1915 (and initially deployed by Bulgarian artillerists during the Adrianople siege of March 1913) the so-called 'creeping barrage' was not actually deployed until August 1916 by the British (Sir Henry Horne) during the Battle of the Somme on the Western Front.
Until this point artillery barrages preceded infantry attacks for periods ranging from hours to days. Once the infantry attack began in earnest supporting artillery would typically be promptly switched against pre-determined secondary targets.
A creeping barrage however was designed so as to place a curtain of artillery fire just ahead of advancing infantry, a barrage which would constantly shift - or creep - forward directly ahead of attacking troops. The innovation was successful, although chiefly against sharply defined and localised targets. Subsequently the combined use of artillery, infantry, tanks and aircraft would greatly assist the efficacy of larger-scale breakthrough attacks.
French Commander-in-Chief Robert Nivelle placed over-reliance upon the merits of the creeping barrage as a primary form of attack during his disastrous Second Battle of the Aisne in April 1917, the failure of which led to widespread mutiny in the French Army.
Such a method of artillery fire necessarily required very careful planning by both artillery and infantry commanders, particularly with regard to timing if an army's own troops were not to be caught (or held back) by their own artillery barrage. As a rough rule of thumb a creeping barrage would progress at the rate of approximately 50 metres per minute once an attack began.
Variations upon the creeping barrage included the so-called 'fire waltz' whereby a hail of artillery fire would ravage a position and move onwards, only to then reverse course in order to catch defensive forces rushing to the devastated line.
A howitzer is any short cannon that delivers its shells in a high trajectory. The word is derived from an old German word for "catapult".
- Did you know?


In the largest randomized, controlled trial to date of the embrace Advanced Scar Therapy device, Neodyne Biosciences reported a highly significant improvement in scarring for patients treated with embrace versus control at 1-year follow-up.
embrace Advanced Scar Therapy actively relieves the tension surrounding a healing scar to minimize scar formation and uses technology initially developed at Stanford University and subsequently licensed to Neodyne Biosciences.
"These data further support the long-term value proposition of embrace, which has now been shown to improve results out to one year post-surgery. The differences were highly significant between embrace-treated and control-treated groups when analyzed by independent, blinded reviewers using the Visual Analog Scale [VAS]," said Geoffrey Gurtner, MD, FACS and Co-Founder of Neodyne Biosciences.
The REFINE trial enrolled patients who underwent abdominoplasty procedures, a challenging indication for scarring since the incision is closed under maximum tension. Half of each newly closed incision was selected randomly to be treated with the embrace® device. The remaining portion of the incision served as the "control" side and was treated according to the plastic surgeon's standard of care.
-At 12 months, the mean VAS score for embrace-treated scars was significantly improved compared to control-treated scars, (difference = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [0.14, 0.66], p = 0.027).
-Both subjects and investigators found that embrace-treated scars demonstrated significant improvements in overall appearance at 12 months using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), (p = 0.02 and p < 0.001, respectively).
"The differences at one year between the embrace-treated and control-treated scars were highly significant, showing no regression to the mean and an extremely positive long-term benefit in scar reduction with the embrace device," said Michael Longaker, MD, FACS and Co-Founder of Neodyne Biosciences.
"Neodyne is committed to providing clinically proven technologies to both surgeons and patients looking to minimize scarring," said Bill Beasley, President of Neodyne Biosciences, "embrace® is the first scar management product of its kind, and to our knowledge, no other scar treatment is backed by the same wealth of clinical data."


text:
Skip to Main Content
In this paper, a novel variational framework is introduced toward automatic 3-D building reconstruction from remote-sensing data. We consider a subset of building models that involve the footprint, their elevation, and the roof type. These models, under a certain hierarchical representation, describe the space of solutions and, under a fruitful synergy with an inferential procedure, recover the observed scene's geometry. Such an integrated approach is defined in a variational context, solves segmentation both in optical images and digital elevation maps, and allows multiple competing priors to determine their pose and 3-D geometry from the observed data. The very promising experimental results and the performed quantitative evaluation demonstrate the potentials of our approach.


text:
An External Image is an intermediate object. It is a representation of a graphic but is not associated with a port and cannot be used directly for drawing.
An object of type
is created by reading an image from a file, or by externalizing an
object, or by copying an existing
. Or, if you have the image bitmap data, you can create one directly as in the
contains the bitmap data, potentially compressed. You can copy
objects, or write them to file, or compress the data.
You cannot query the size of the image in an
object directly. To get the dimensions without actually drawing it on screen see Pixmap graphics ports.
If you create an
and want to externalize it to write it to file, follow this example:
(let ((image (gp:make-image-from-port pane 10 10 200 200)))
(gp:externalize-and-write-image pane image filename )
(gp:free-image pane image)))
CAPI User Guide (Windows version) - 30 Aug 2011


text:
The word vivisection was first coined in the 1800s to denote the experimental dissection of live animals - or humans. It was created by activists who opposed the practice of experimenting on animals. The Roman physician Celsus claimed that in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE physicians had performed vivisections on sentenced criminals, but vivisection on humans was generally outlawed. Experimenters frequently used living animals. Most early modern researchers considered this practice acceptable, believing that animals felt no pain. Even those who opposed vivisection in the early modern period did not usually do so out of consideration for the animals, but because they thought that this practice would coarsen the experimenter, or because they were concerned that animals stressed under experimental conditions did not represent the normal state of the body.
Prompted by the rise of experimental physiology and the increasing use of animals, an anti-vivisection movement started in the 1860s. Its driving force, the British journalist Frances Power Cobbe (_PHONE_), founded the British Victoria Street Society in 1875, which gave rise to the British government's Cruelty to Animals Act of 1876. This law regulated the use of live animals for experimental purposes.
R A Kopaladze, 'Ivan P. Pavlov's view on vivisection', Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci., 4 (2000), pp 266-271
C Lansbury, The Old Brown Dog: Women, Workers, and Vivisection in Edwardian England (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985)
P Mason, The Brown Dog Affair: The Story of a Monument that Divided the Nation (London: Two Stevens, 1997)
N A Rupke, (ed.) Vivisection in Historical Perspective (London: Crooms Helm, 1987)
The science of the functioning of living organisms and their component parts.


Roller-Coaster Ride Revs Heart Rate
Riding a roller coaster is a rush for the heart, sending
heart rates soaring as the roller-coaster ride loops, twists, climbs, and
Doctors from Germany's University Hospital of Mannheim report that news in
The Journal of the American Medical Association.
Juergen Kuschyk, MD, and colleagues aren't against roller-coaster rides. But
they suggest that the spike in heart rates during roller-coaster rides might be
something for roller-coaster riders with heart disease to keep in mind.
The doctors tracked the heart rates of 55 healthy men and women before,
during, and after riding the Expedition GeForce roller coaster at the Holiday
Park in Hassloch, Germany.
The roller-coaster riders wore electrodes that tracked their heart rate and
heart rhythm, starting at least five minutes before the ride and ending at
least five minutes after the ride.
Before the roller coaster took off, participants' heart rates averaged 89
beats per minute. That pace picked up in a major way when the two-minute ride
First, the roller coaster slowly climbed for 30 seconds, reaching a height
of about 203 feet.
During that ascent, the riders' heart rates took off, reaching their biggest
increase of the entire ride. Chalk that up to anticipation, note Kuschyk and
The roller coaster's initial climb was followed by a series of free falls,
upside-down passages, and several sharp curves.
The riders' average heart rates spiked to 155 beats per minute during the
ride, calming down a bit to 109 beats per minute at the end of the ride.
Compared with men, women had faster heart rates throughout the
roller-coaster ride. Women's average heart rate reached 165 beats per minute,
compared with 148 beats per minute for men.
The researchers also checked the riders' blood pressure before and after the
The riders' average systolic blood pressure (the first number in a blood
pressure reading) rose by 19 points. Their average diastolic blood pressure
(the second number in a blood pressure reading) rose by five points.
Harmless changes in heart rhythm were recorded up to five minutes after the
ride in 24 riders (44% of the group), according to Kuschyk's team.
"Although the arrhythmias observed in our study of healthy individuals
were benign, the magnitude of increase in heart rates raises the possibility of
risk for individuals with underlying cardiac disease," the doctors
By Miranda Hitti
Reviewed by Louise Chang
B)2005-2006 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved
Live Video
Watch CBSN Live


1. Stopping and parking should be carried out by placing the vehicle parallel to the edge of the road. By exception, another placement will be allowed when the characteristics of the road or other circumstances allow.
2. All drivers who stop or park their vehicle must do so in a way that allows the best use of the remaining available space.
This slideshow requires JavaScript.
Only one parking space should be occupied. Failure to do so may result in a penalty for minor infringement.
3. In the case of a motor vehicle or moped, if the driver has to leave their vehicle, they must also follow, as soon as they are applicable, the following rules:
A) Stop the engine and disconnect the starting system and, if they move away from the vehicle, take the necessary precautions to prevent its use without authorisation.
B) Leave the handbrake on.
C) In a vehicle provided with a gearbox, the driver must leave it on first gear if they are on an upward slope, reverse, in descendant, or, where applicable, the parking position.
D) In the case of a vehicle which weighs more than 3,500 kilograms of maximum authorised mass, a bus or a group of vehicles and the stop or parking is done in a place on a slope, its driver must leave it properly parked, either through the placement of wedges, without the need to use elements such as stones or others not expressly intended for that function, or by supporting one of the steering wheels on the curb of the sidewalk, tilting these towards the centre of the road on the ascending slopes and outside in descending slopes. The wedges, once used, must be removed from the road before resuming movement.


text:
Washington, March 4 (IANS) Married or cohabiting couples who have been mutually violent during pregnancy are likely to have more trouble parenting as a team, a study reveals.
"This finding is helpful because working as a parenting team, is a key influence on everything from mothers' postpartum depression, to sensitive parenting, to the children's emotional and social adjustment," said Mark E. Feinberg, research professor at Penn State University and study co-author.
Researchers interviewed 156 expectant couples at three different times, once before the baby was born, again about six months after the birth of the child and a final time when the baby was approximately 13 months old, the Journal of Family Issues reported.
The interviews determined the degree of physical violence between couples prior to the birth of the baby, and how well couples were able to act as a team while parenting, after the baby was born, according to a university statement.
"The results suggest that working with couples to curtail, or prevent violence in their relationships before the birth of their child, may have positive implications for the development of co-parenting relationships after the child is born," said Feinberg, from the Prevention Research Centre for the Promotion of Human Development at Penn State.
Researchers reported that 29.8 percent of mothers acted violently at least once in the past year, while 17.3 percent of fathers acted violently.
Finding mothers to be more violent than fathers is not an uncommon discovery in average community samples, according to the researchers.