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sourceNew Atlas
In the pursuit of lunar exploration, Japan has set its sights on a groundbreaking mission with the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM), aiming for an unprecedented pinpoint landing on the lunar surface. This endeavor, announced by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), represents a crucial step in understanding the moon's composition and geological history.
Precision Landing Attempt
Smart Lander for Investigating Moon's unique endeavor is geared toward achieving an exceptionally precise landing, deviating from the conventional kilometer-scale landing zones. Scheduled for a soft touchdown on January 19 (ET) or January 20 (Japan Standard Time), the lightweight lander targets an area spanning merely 328 feet (100 meters). This precision has earned the mission the moniker "Moon Sniper," signifying its meticulous approach to lunar exploration.
While the United States remains the sole nation to have landed humans on the moon, Japan's venture into lunar exploration mirrors a global resurgence in efforts to unlock the moon's potential resources for sustained crewed missions. China and India stand as the only countries, besides Japan, to achieve successful lunar landings in this century, marking a pivotal moment in the renewed lunar race.
Lunar Exploration Landscape
Despite recent failed attempts by private entities and Russia's space agency, Japan's pursuit of the lunar surface highlights the determined global interest in unraveling the moon's mysteries. Notably, India's successful landing near the lunar south pole in 2023 showcased the potential for locating crucial water ice deposits, a resource of immense value for future space missions.
Future Lunar Missions
Following Japan's Smart Lander for Investigating Moon mission, the United States plans to launch multiple robotic vehicles to the moon's surface in the upcoming year. NASA's Artemis II mission, slated for late 2024, aims to orbit astronauts around the moon, setting the stage for an imminent return to lunar exploration by humans. This monumental endeavor, Artemis III, could mark the resurgence of human presence on the moon after a hiatus of several decades.
Significance of Artemis III
Should Artemis III prove successful, it would signify a historic milestone in space exploration, rekindling human expeditions to the lunar surface. NASA's ambitions to return astronauts to the moon underscore the collective global effort to push the boundaries of scientific discovery and potentially pave the way for sustained human habitation beyond Earth.
As the world eagerly anticipates Japan's Smart Lander for Investigating Moon mission and NASA's forthcoming lunar expeditions, these endeavors signify a reinvigorated pursuit of lunar exploration and the quest to unlock the secrets harbored by Earth's celestial neighbor.


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By Eddie O'Neill
What would the Christmas season be without carols? These seasonal songs seem to greet us everywhere this time of year with their familiar melodies and lyrics. Though we may know the first verse and the refrain of a number of Christmas carols, do we know the origin of these songs we sing each December?
The singing of psalms and songs of praise in worship dates back to earliest Christian times, of course, a tradition with roots in Jewish religious custom. Hymns written especially in honor of Christ's birth first appeared in the early centuries, such as "Of the Father's Love Begotten," composed by the Latin poet Aurelius Clemens Prudentius (348-413).
Over time, the repertoire of Latin chant that developed for use in the Mass came to include propers written especially for the Nativity and nearby celebrations on the Church calendar, such as Advent and Epiphany. Their words were based on Scripture and other sacred texts.
The kind of popular song we would typically call a "Christmas carol" today, however, had different origins. The word "carol" probably comes from the French carole, a circle dance ac-companied by singing, often with a verse and refrain pattern.
Up through the later Middle Ages, caroles were thus typically dance music for communal celebrations. But eventually they were used also as processional songs during religious festivals and as accompaniment for religious mystery plays.
Only later did they come to be sung in churches and associated with Christmas in particular.
The singing of popular Christmas tunes received a boost from St. Francis of Assisi. In 1223 he formed a living Nativity scene on the outskirts of town, inviting the children of his village to come see the crèche while he taught them simple songs to honor the coming of the Lord.
This new December custom grew larger and more ornate each year, spreading throughout Europe, with each culture adding its own local customs to the celebrations. Carols were composed and learned by the common folk wherever the crèche and seasonal plays were performed.
To the chagrin of some local parish priests, many of these new Christmas carols borrowed melodies from well-known drinking songs. Clergy in some places opposed their being sung.
But the joy of singing carols was infectious and unstoppable. Bands of traveling singers and musicians, or carolers, as they would come to be known, performed on street corners, in taverns and in homes in village after village.
After the Protestant Reformation, which began in the 16th century, Lutherans followed the lead of their founder, the German Martin Luther (_PHONE_), who encouraged his congregations to sing the popular songs of the Christmas season. But the 17th-century English Puritans outlawed the singing of Christmas carols, viewing them as popish holdovers.
Nevertheless, English Catholics (and no doubt some less strict Anglicans as well) continued to sing carols privately, such as "The First Noel" and "God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen."
After the passing of the Puritans from power in England, several 18th-century Anglican composers produced joyous hymns for the season. For example, Isaac Watts (_PHONE_) wrote "Joy to the World"; John Francis Wade (c. _PHONE_), "O Come, All Ye Faithful"; and Charles Wesley (_PHONE_), "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing."
During this time, the distinction between Christmas carols (popular songs for informal singing) and Christmas hymns (composed by skilled churchmen for formal use in worship) began to be blurred. Carols came to be sung in church, and hymns outside of liturgical settings.
Christmas carols of all types experienced a renaissance in England, America and elsewhere during the 19thcentury.
Some of the most familiar carols we sing today were composed at that time, such as "Silent Night," "Away in a Manger," "O Little Town of Bethlehem," "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear," "Sleep, Holy Babe," "We Three Kings of Orient Are" and "What Child Is This" (using an old English melody, "Greensleeves").
When the English Queen Victoria married her cousin Prince Albert of Germany in 1840, it became known that the royal couple was quite fond of Christmas carols. In an attempt to gain royal favor, numerous families and church groups came to the royal palace to sing for them.
Like the enthusiastic troubadours of past centuries, these English carolers of the Victorian age took to the streets of London with their songs.
In the United States, it was Lutheran and Methodist congregations, especially, who made carols popular both in worship and in the culture at large. By the end of the Civil War, caroling had become a way for many denominations to evangelize beyond their four church walls. Caroling groups brought joy to the sick and the homebound with their musical visits.
These days caroling groups have been replaced in many ways by recorded Christmas music. Yet the sight of a group of carolers at the shopping mall or in the neighborhood still brings the season to life and is a reminder of the true meaning of the celebration. TCA
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Lobster, Caribbean spiny – Florida
Caribbean Spiny Lobsters grow fast, are highly fecund (very fertile), and can live up to 20 years.
Centered in Florida, fishing pressure on Caribbean Spiny Lobsters in U.S. waters is heavy.
Caribbean Spiny Lobsters in Florida waters exhibit a truncated size structure, meaning that so many have been caught at a young age that the average size of a Spiny Lobster has declined, and commercial catches in recent years have been below the long-term average.
Fishers use traps to catch Caribbean Spiny Lobsters, resulting in minimal bycatch. Concerns exist, however, about the widespread use of undersized Spiny Lobsters, in lieu of other bait, in Spiny Lobster traps, which is illegal.
This fish may have high levels of mercury that could pose a health risk to adults and children. More mercury info here.


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Guest Author - Nikki Phipps
The bearded iris is probably the most commonly grown variety seen in the garden. The shaggy-like beard on the lower portion of its blooms easily identifies this iris. The bearded iris can be found in a wide range of heights, from miniature dwarf to tall varieties. The smallest variety, the miniature dwarf, grows up to 10 inches and is normally the first to bloom, in early spring. Other varieties include the standard dwarf, intermediate, and tall, which all typically bloom later in the spring or early summer. The beardless varieties of iris include the Siberian and Japanese species as well as the Louisiana iris, Yellow Flag and Blue Flag iris, Dutch iris, and dwarf crested iris.
The majority of irises, especially the bearded varieties, prefer to be sited in locations receiving at least 6-8 hours of full sun. However, with some varieties, such as the Siberian and dwarf-crested iris, lightly shaded areas can be tolerated as well. The soil in an iris garden should always drain easily. With exception to the Siberian, Japanese, and Flag varieties, most irises do not like a wet environment. These types of iris will actually flourish in wet, boggy settings. If you are growing one of the other types, however, raised beds or sloped areas, amended with compost, will offer the best drainage options. The particular type of iris that you choose to grow is especially important as they differ in their growing needs. For instance, bearded irises prefer a more alkaline-based soil, whereas beardless varieties do best in acidic soil.
Since it is generally better to allow an irisfs root system to establish itself well before the end of the growing season (winter), most of them are planted between July and September. However, container-grown irises should be planted in the spring. Plant irises with the rhizome placed high in the soil, just beneath the surface, and anchor the roots firmly. However, Louisiana and Dutch irises may require deeper planting. Irises require little maintenance, once established. Water thoroughly after initial planting but take care not to over water. Too much water can encourage iris rhizomes to become soft, endangering the plant rather than helping it. There is no need to fertilize, but if you choose to, do so sparingly. Irises are seldom affected by disease with exception to root rot, normally due to poorly drained soils, and they are generally unaffected by insects or other pests.
Not only are irises a sight to behold in the garden, but many of these dazzling beauties emit breathtaking aromas. The wonderful scents and diversity in colors make the iris a great specimen for cutting. Place them in a sunny border with the tallest varieties located in the back. Paint the garden with several colors in mass plantings or choose only one. Dwarf iris varieties look stunning as edging in flowerbeds or in rock gardens. Dwarf crested irises add color to woodland areas, and even bog gardens have a welcome place for the iris. Siberian, Japanese, Yellow Flag, and Blue Flag irises are all moisture-loving plants and can easily thrive in a moist environment.
None is as versatile and colorful as the iris. Its ability to adapt to different types of soil in a range of climates makes the iris an exceptional garden plant. Not only will the iris feel right at home in nearly any landscape, but this beautiful flower will also make a lovely addition to your home.


This looks like a pretty standard map of a bit of Denmark. In fact, it is no such thing.
For there isn't really a town called Köbstad in Denmark, nor is it close to a village called Kirkelandsby. And neither is Gaard a frequent rural toponym. Each indeed sounds convincingly enough like a proper Danish place-name. Instead, they denote generic toponymical categories. A købstad (1) is a market town, a kirkelandsby is a landsby ('village') endowed with a kirke ('church'), and a gård (2) in Danish can mean either a farm or a yard.
This is a map of anywhere, or of nowhere. It is a purely generic piece of cartography, its purpose purely intra-disciplinary: not to denote the outside world, but to teach people how to read a map (3).
But the map teaches us one extra, unintended lesson: What an abstract, idealised landscape looks like through Danish eyes. Incidentally, a landsby - a small village without a church - is frequently called a 'hamlet' in English. Which of course has a Danish resonance all of its own (4).
So what does a generic Danish landscape look like? You'll look in vain for a desert (ørken), a mountain range (bjergkæde) or a coral reef (koralrev). What there is plenty of, is water, left, right and centre (an indsö, i.e. a lake, literally an 'inner sea').
The left side of the map, in more detail.
On the little island in the western sea, there's a fyr (lighthouse, a.k.a. fyrtårn), not far from shallows labelled sten ('rocks'). The mainland beach south of the island is covered in shingle (rullesten), while two booms at the northern part of the beach cordon off an ålegårde ('eel farm').
Prominent features on the coast are a sizeable klit ('dune') 18 metres high, an extensive mose ('bog') just north of a tørveskær (literally 'peat-cutting', a.k.a. turbary), a big lyng ('heather') containing a skanse ('redoubt') and a huge marsk ('marsh'), delimited by a damning ('dam'). The lake and sea are connected by a vandløb ('stream'), which is bridged by a spang ('log bridge'). The incidental kilde ('source') keeps the land moist, while the occasional grøft ('ditch') helps to keep the land drained. There are no headlands or peninsulas, no rocks or mountains; like the real Denmark, this fictional one is sandy, flat and watery.
Fictional Denmark may be relatively poor in topographical features, that doesn't stop the fictional Danes from making the most out of it, who crisscross their imaginary homeland by fodsti ('footpath'), sognevej ('parish road'), markvej ('country lane'), and landsvej ('country road') if they're not taking the jernbane (railway, literally 'iron road' - compare French: chemin de fer).
The countryside is dotted with the occasional, isolated hus ('house'), planted with nåleskov ('coniferous forest') and løvskov ('deciduous forest'), levende hegn ('hedgerows'), and a række af træer ('row of trees'). No lush vegetation, no great plantations of cash crops: even in fictional Denmark, the weather is too inclement for extensive horticulture, the occasional jordvold med beplantning ('planted embankment') notwithstanding.
But there are other ways to scratch a living from the soil: via a sandgrav ('sand pit'), a vejrmølle ('windmill', literally: 'weather mill') or by having your cows graze the eng ('meadow'), rather than the flyvesand ('quicksand'). The resources may be scarce, but there is little evidence of ruin and neglect, just a kirketomt ('empty church') here and there. Villages and cities are prosperous, no sign of defensive walls. The slot ('castle') seems a relic from more violent times, and now purely ornamental.
The right hand side.
How strange it must be to live in this purely instructive landscape. If this were a Google Map and we could zoom in to street view, we'd probably see a bank called Bank, in between a post office called Posthus and a clothes store called Tøjbutik (5).
What this world suffers from, is a shocking lack of specificity. And, simultaneously, of vagueness: there are no blurry lines, no grey zones, no works in progress in this neat bit of Danish abstractionism.
But maybe, just maybe, the generations of Danes who trained their map-reading skills on this fictional world, were inspired to dream up their own stories of the goings-on in the Købstad, and the strange miller who lived in the vejrmølle. Perhaps they saw themselves as characters on the map as well - operating the Trigonometrisk Station: what better way to be the demiurge of your own little world than to imagine yourself a land surveyor in a fictional landscape?
This map has been in my files for so long that I forget where it came from. Anybody who can provide a source is very welcome to do so.
(1) Literally 'buying city'. Note that modern Danish has replaced the ö with ø.
(2) The Danish orthography on this map is antiquated. In 1948, the letter å replaced the double vowel aa, and the capitalisation of nouns (still current in German) was abolished. The switch hasn't been entirely consistent: some place names are still spelled the old way, e.g. Aalborg instead of Ålborg. Similarly, the letter ö gave way to the ø, but most reluctantly so on maps. Only in 1957 were cartographic entities like Læsö and Helsingör re-spelled as Læsø and Helsingør.
(3) For another example, in English, see #78.
(4) Although the etymologies are different. The name of the fictional Danish prince, and tragic protagonist of the eponymous Shakespeare play, derives from Amlaidhe, an Irish name for a hero in folk stories, meaning something like 'furious, raging'. The churchless settlement gets its name from the Old French hamelet, a diminutive form of ham, which is cognate with Germanic words like Heim (German), heem (Dutch) and home (English).
(5) And maybe we'll be just in time for the seasonal slutspurt (sales period).


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2019-2020 National Scholarships Ambassador
Voice of Democracy / Patriot's Pen: "What Makes America Great"
School is now in session for the 2019-2020 year. It's time for you and your Post counterpart to visit schools and homeschool groups, and follow up with students, parents, and teachers to answer any questions they may have regarding the Patriot's Pen and Voice of Democracy contests. You should also have sent requests to potential judges or know whom you plan to ask before October begins. Last, but not least, plan a recognition ceremony to acknowledge the participation of the students in these contests. Listed below are some ideas to accomplish this:
Follow up questions:
- Visit schools, homeschool student groups, church groups and youth groups.
- Update contact information on websites and share contest information on social media.
- Visit the businesses where you left flyers to determine the amount of interest.
- Libraries, fast food restaurants, malls, grocery stores, convenience stores, gas stations, and hair salons; wherever you posted the information.
- Reach out to the neighborhood associations and senior citizen groups. They may have questions from their children or grandchildren.
- Post a reminder of the important deadline of October 31, 2019, for entries to your Post.
- Monitor your own Post and Auxiliary website(s) and/or Facebook page(s) for questions.
Many questions may arise as you reach out to your community. Be sure to have the answers ready. If a question comes up you cannot answer, assure them that you will obtain the information and contact them with the answer.
When choosing judges remember:
- To include the contest requirements, deadlines and contact information at the time of the judging.
- Use an odd number of judges to avoid a tie.
- Secure a date and location for the judging.
- Avoid using Post or Auxiliary members. Reach out to your community for impartial judges.
- Begin planning how you will recognize the students who made your program successful.
- If possible, invite all participating students. Announce the winners at your event.
- Consider hosting a luncheon or dinner in their honor.
- Ask for permission to participate in a school awards forum.
- Determine the awards you are offering. The National Organization does not provide guidelines on the amount or kind of award your Post offers; it's up to your Post.
- Invite all who helped promote the contests. Include teachers, community leaders, businesses, clergy, and youth group leaders.
Everyone enjoys recognition for a job well done. In addition to honoring the winners, be sure to recognize all students who participated. If they did not place this year, they can enter until they are no longer eligible. Patriot's Pen students finishing eighth grade can advance to the Voice of Democracy Contest in ninth grade.
Share your ideas! Please let me know how you plan to celebrate your students. One Post and Auxiliary presents their awards at a regularly scheduled student assembly. At that time, the students read their essays to those present. This Post chooses to recognize the winning students from that school in this manner for the maximum exposure to other students. This helps promote future contests to the students who are eligible to enter. It has proven to be successful in promoting participation over the years.
Continue to work with your communities and students while "Serving Our Veterans with Aloha!"

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Résumé Design Part 2
Using Columns in Your Résumé
Another way to create a balanced résumé is to use columns to format your text. Since you have a limited amount of space on your résumé page, do not use more than three columns. Here is an example of how to use columns to save space in your résumé for the summary of qualifications:
|Skills in||Ability to||Knowledge of|
|Welding steel, aluminum, stainless steel
Hand and power tools
Physical dexterity and ability to lift over 100 pounds
|Diagnose problems and determine appropriate action
Work in high-stress situations
Perform basic mathematics
Read blueprints and work orders
Write materials requests, records
|Mechanical systems, fabrications, and welding
Welding theory and principles
Welding tools and welding codes
To create columns of text, use the Insert Table function in Microsoft Word.
In order to make your résumé easy to read, you should use fonts to separate information. However, you do not want to make your résumé messy or too "busy" by using more than two kinds of fonts and font sizes. Also, you do not want to use fonts that are not professional. A good way to mix fonts is to use serif (which means feet in French) and sans-serif (which means no feet in French) fonts. Serifs are the short stems on the ends of the letters. Times New Roman is a serif font, while Arial is a sans-serif font. You can see the difference between some fonts in the image below:
|Sans Serif Fonts||Serif Fonts|
An effective mix of Times New Roman and Arial is to use Arial in the contact information section of your résumé and as the headings: Objective, Education, etc. Then you can use Times New Roman as the body text. Remember to be consistent, however, with your fonts. The sample résumés included with this resource shows examples of using Arial and Times New Roman together.
Other Types of Emphasis
In addition to using a good balance of text and white space and a good mix of fonts, you can use other types of emphasis in your résumé. You may also bold or italicize your text. Be careful not to mix too many types of emphasis, however. If you bold, and italicize, and ALL CAP, and UNDERLINE WORDS, you make them more difficult to read rather than making them clearer: Work Experience.
Click here to download the PDF file containing sample résumés and employment letters.


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Formation of large (≃100 μm) ice crystals near the tropical tropopause
1NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
2SPEC Inc., Boulder, CO, USA
3Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Mexico
4Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
5Colorado Research Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
6University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
Abstract. Recent high-altitude aircraft measurements with in situ imaging instruments indicated the presence of relatively large (≃100 μm length), thin (aspect ratios of ≃6:1 or larger) hexagonal plate ice crystals near the tropical tropopause in very low concentrations (<0.01 L−1). These crystals were not produced by deep convection or aggregation. We use simple growth-sedimentation calculations as well as detailed cloud simulations to evaluate the conditions required to grow the large crystals. Uncertainties in crystal aspect ratio leave a range of possibilities, which could be constrained by knowledge of the water vapor concentration in the air where the crystal growth occurred. Unfortunately, water vapor measurements made in the cloud formation region near the tropopause with different instruments ranged from <2 ppmv to ≃3.5 ppmv. The higher water vapor concentrations correspond to very large ice supersaturations (relative humidities with respect to ice of about 200%). If the aspect ratios of the hexagonal plate crystals are as small as the image analysis suggests (6:1, see companion paper (Lawson et al., 2008)) then growth of the large crystals before they sediment out of the supersaturated layer would only be possible if the water vapor concentration were on the high end of the range indicated by the different measurements (>3 ppmv). On the other hand, if the crystal aspect ratios are quite a bit larger (≃10:1), then H2O concentrations toward the low end of the measurement range (≃2–2.5 ppmv) would suffice to grow the large crystals. Gravity-wave driven temperature and vertical wind perturbations only slightly modify the H2O concentrations needed to grow the crystals. We find that it would not be possible to grow the large crystals with water concentrations less than 2 ppmv, even with assumptions of a very high aspect ratio of 15 and steady upward motion of 2 cm s−1 to loft the crystals in the tropopause region. These calculations would seem to imply that the measurements indicating water vapor concentrations less than 2 ppmv are implausible, but we cannot rule out the possibility that higher humidity prevailed upstream of the aircraft measurements and the air was dehydrated by the cloud formation. Simulations of the cloud formation with a detailed model indicate that homogeneous freezing should generate ice concentrations larger than the observed concencentrations (20 L−1), and even concentrations as low as 20 L−1 should have depleted the vapor in excess of saturation and prevented growth of large crystals. It seems likely that the large crystals resulted from ice nucleation on effective heterogeneous nuclei at low ice supersaturations. Improvements in our understanding of detailed cloud microphysical processes require resolution of the water vapor measurement discrepancies in these very cold, dry regions of the atmosphere.


What is a death spell
What is a death? And why is it so powerful? A death spell is a type of voodoo spell that summons the power of one's will. Death are powerful because they tap into the power of one's will. Death spells can be used for a variety of purposes. It's even possible to be a layman with some skill and still learn some voodoo. Click Here To WhatsApp Now / Contact me for help.
You've probably heard or read about spells that kill things, but have you heard about spells that bring people back from the dead?
When you drink the blood of a freshly killed victim to gain power and positive effects, it is possible to bring people back from the dead. This is also known as "revivify" magic.
In most cases, that's considered to be a type of suicide spell. However, there are different tactics you can use to resurrect the dead. One is to find a grave with a powerful positive energy. Obtaining this particular grave gives you the power to revive the dead.
"Revivify" magic is not the only type of death spell. Some are arguably more powerful.
Take the classifications of "heal wounds" or "speed up recovery time." These are also considered to be death spells.
More Details Of What Is A Death Spell About
What is a death spellSometimes, you can discover herbs that grant you the same effect as "heal wounds."
"Toxic gas" is a type of death spell. There is a voodoo ritual to cast it on enemies. But when it comes to voodoo healing, it can be a very harsh process.
Some people who self-immolate due to a grievance will rise from the dead. It's a very regrettable tragedy, but it's not considered a "death spell."
A "revivify" spell places a peerless curse on the enemy. Any hostile action performed against the enemy afterward will ensure the recipient will go back to life.
These "death spells" usually be used to kill people. If you want to revivify somebody, found someone who loves you and has no current animus toward you.
 How to cast a death spell and what you should know before doing so
Casting a death spell is not something to be taken lightly. It should only be done if you feel truly threatened and there is no other way to protect yourself. If you decide to cast a death spell, be honest about your intentions and take responsibility for your actions.A proper death spell can take three forms:
1. Executing purpose-driven life changes: When the goal is to steer a person or their life in a certain direction, a good reason can be unnecessary to stand in that person's way. I hope to be able to discourage some of the suicidal tendencies I displayed in my younger days. Probably I could have been saved if I could have accepted my negative events as unforeseeable. That way I would have had more control in addressing them and wouldn't have had to live with my unconscious reactions.
Killing something undesirable or naive to change its nature or character
This is one of the most effective death spells and can be used to change certain aspects of your life, such as a personality or your occupation. Secundus of Saturn is a horoscope reading service that can interpret your future regarding these matters. His readings are confidential and they won't negatively affect your career, health, relationships or financial status.
Sending a predetermined message
If you want to send a message regarding your values, growth or destiny then doing so in this way is an excellent way to lay out your intentions. It's a magical and silent way which will not provoke any response from the one you're sending the message to. This is an alternative to more public methods such as public bombings and protests.
To properly interpret a death spell, begin by listening to how you feel and what you're prepared to sacrifice. Begin by consciously discussing with yourself what you want to change in your life and accept that most likely you won't manage to change everything in your life at once.
The first death spell cast by a human (and how to cast it)
The first death spell cast by a human is believed to have been cast by the ancient sorcerer Ziusudra, the Sumerian Noah. Ziusudra, who is a divine figure in the Sumerian creation myth, Utnapishtim, the sole survivor of the Great Flood.Most people believe his tragic death was directly tied to his attempt to escape the flood by crossing the mighty River Ofern.
Ways to Survive the Ultimate Test
There are current death spells in both professional and internet valued businesses where you've heard about them but you shouldn't actually be using them and you're wondering why.
Deep Cleaning
One of the most common business tools ever devised is the practice of deep cleaning: A business hires a professional cleaning service to leave the physical premises squeaky clean. And, traditional cleaners tend to charge far more than the folks at Home Depot who are simply doing some DIY on your furniture.
So common that it's a lot easier to force your employees to do it yourself. Then, when the end of the road arrives, everything is just one giant mess.
The example given by Cialdini is to
Create a cleaning manifesto that describes the likely mess created by your employees.
Let employees handle items that require cleaning.
Embed cleaning instructions in your prospect's intangible assets.
Direct employees to place items cleanly in designated locations while they clean.
Given the necessity of the project, you might want to try using a cleaning checklist rather than just crowdsourcing it.
4. The second death spell, its history, how effective it is and what you should know before casting it
The second death spell is a spell that can be cast on a person who has done you wrong in some way. This spell can be cast if you feel angry and resentful. If you have ever felt like you just want to get revenge on someone, then this is the spell for you, but there are things you should know before casting it.
First, a death spell is a very harsh spell. You don't want to waste this spell by randomly targeting someone. If you believe you have been wronged in some way then you should settle before using this spell. You also shouldn't use this spell as an immediate solution.
The other thing you should know about a death spell is that you cannot reverse its effects. If you give someone a second chance and they make the same mistakes that you did then that spell won't have any more effect on them. That might not sound like a big deal, but some people take this rule a little too far. The consequences can be deep and long-lasting. As a result, it is typically not advised to cast a death spell unless the whole world is against you.
Sometimes, someone close to you will betray you. On one occasion, a sibling betrayed the only other family member they had left. If you have a lot of resentment against your siblings, this is a perfect time to use a death spell on them.
Some people are obsessed with money. You cannot make them have more money than you have. On the contrary, you can only make them have less money than you.
How much money you have is an extremely personal and important factor for you.
Most people try to figure how much money they need for the year ahead. However, some people take this to an extreme. They focus on having more money than they know what to do with. These people spend their days on increasing their personal wealth to the absolute limit. This makes no sense at all, and it is a sign of excessive wealth.
5. The third death spell and how to cast it correctly
The third death spell and how to cast it correctly. The death spell is actually an ancient magic technique that will bring you great wealth. This spell is used to attract the person you desire and make them fall in love with you. It is not a spell that will force someone to love you.
1. "Erase" a person's positive attributes.
If you wish to make someone dull and boring, it is easy to erase their positive attributes: imagine them with dark, sunken eyes, their hair greasy and sticking to their head, their jaw hanging slack, their skin pale. Irritating, right?
You do not need to concentrate long to have an impact on the person you wish to offend. Darkness and dirtiness can move quickly in your surroundings if you hold your peace for a few seconds.
2. Mark the target with a negative word.
You can say a positive word instead (Let's say, "happy", but I know you want to erase it as well) and the negative word will always bubble up. This is a deadly spell for its quickness.
3. Starve him emotionally.
The more you hate him (that he is) the harder it is for him to love you with all his heart. The one who plans his love attack carefully has one goal in mind: he won't be able to love you the way he wants to. "Your love is poison." — Gibbon
You will prevent him from blooming with love for you by depriving him of it emotionally. This can be done through an incessant stream of remarks (Words of abuse) or colder words. You can also hurt his self-esteem by stating plainly that he can't have you.
4. Neglect his physical and mental development.
Due to the prevailing thoughts you have about him, you're bound to thwart his physical and mental development. He's expected to have all the qualities you find essential in a husband or a son. But if you don't agree with these…well, why are you wasting your time with him? He's just wasting your time.


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budgie egg laying time
The hen will then arrange this as she deems fit when she is broody. Female parakeets will lay an egg every second day and there will be approximately four to seven of them. When a lovely Budgie is not happy or stressed, it shows its mood right away. Don't be worried if you have chicks of all shapes and sizes. Female parakeets usually have pink or â¦ You can then check each chick individually and get them used to being handled. Theresa, Veterinary Technician. Many budgie breeders use a wood conclave in the base of their nesting boxes. Hens will usually start to incubate the eggs after the second or third egg has been laid. Taking care of parakeets does not take much effort. Be safe than Sorry, DEAD BUDGIE â SYMPTOMS OF A DYING BUDGIE. If the compulsion to lay eggs doesnât stop or keeps returning, you should get the advice of a vet. Egg-feeding in the nature of the boogie, however unusual when kept in a cage, is unusual. Although it is not easy to point out stress as the reason for a particular Budgerigarâs death because there are also other factors like environmental or physical. If you want to breed a particular colour of budgie it is best to read the information on budgie colour genetics. You can tell if your parakeet is a female by looking closely at the beak. Usually, a buyer is aware of life expectancy while buying but he still wishes to know because Budgiesâ life span increases on giving proper and ideal nutrition. By this time the pair should be well bonded and â¦ Egg laying can start anytime from 5 months to over 10 years of age. A budgie that seems to be unsteady and off balance needs immediate medical attention. The long days of summer make it seem like a good time to lay eggs and covering her cage a bit earlier seemed to make the difference. At around 20 days old, the chicks will start to move out of the nest. With so many small additions to the cage, it is best to insert another water bottle. Budgie Eggs Not Hatching. Parakeet Eggs. From this time the new mother budgie will lay her first egg within 1 â 2 weeks. Therefore, it is imperative that both your cock and hen are well cared for. Thanks my birds laid eggs. Moving them to a large cage will allow them to harness this skill. This breed is very responsive towards the calcium block issues that is why this precaution to change the water after sunsets in summer and winter both. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. A budgie that appears sleepy most of the time during the day with eyes shut or half closed is likely in trouble. It is best to breed from budgies that are in exceptional health and at least one-year-old. The male budgie will begin to start feeding his partner at the entrance to the nest by regurgitating food, much the same way a bird feeds its babies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. First-time mothers sometimes lay eggs outside the nesting box. At this point you can either let the chicks go to new forever homes or move them into a large aviary with all the older birds; some of which may be relatives. It is more common in small birds such as canaries, finches, parakeets, budgies, lovebirds, and cockatiels, but the most common reason for egg binding is a lack of calcium or other vitamins. If the cere turns blue on your hen, you need to act immediately as this means she is losing condition and will struggle to feed the chicks. Leaving the eggs in the cage signals that now is the time to have babies She will remain in the brooding mode something we want her to get out of for her own health. Humans have been eating eggs from birds since prehistoric times. Being unwell can cause your hen to become violent, and it is not unheard of chicks to die or be featherless at the hands of their distressed mother. My pics take you through the process one â¦ Chick hatching pictures: the Big Day has â¦ How long the chick should stay in the â¦, Did you ever have quail eggs? Breeding budgies that close relatives can result in genetic mutations, resulting in stillborn or deformed chicks. Once you have a specific pair that you would like to breed from, separate them from the rest of the chatter. Tips & Tricks, HOW TO STOP A BUDGIE FROM BITING? Breeding also depletes a budgie hens internal calcium supplies in order to produce eggs. When your budgies they are in breeding condition they are primed and ready to raise their chicks, they are at peak fertility, and have the optimal hormone levels to carry out raising a family from start to finish. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. If your budgie has a nest box, she may spend most of her time in it before she lays an egg. A budgie nest box, or breeding box, is a small box used by budgie breeders as a place in which budgies in captivity can lay their eggs and rear their chicks. This is when you want to introduce the nest box and encourage egg laying. Your email address will not be published. It is also noted in Amazon parrots and Macaws, but any species of bird can develop the problem. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The guide below will show you how to breed budgies, from selecting a pair to breed from, to looking after the chicks once they arrive. How to Calm a Stressed Budgie? Buying a pair of budgies is very popular, and minds begin to wonder about breeding from healthy, happy pairs. Whatever you do, do not remove the egg as of now. How to safely travel, How to Regain Trust of a Budgie after you lost once. Furthermore, it gives the pair time to bond and mate in private, away from the prying eyes of their aviary mates. Some wait until they have whole clutch of eggs before they incubate and some incubate from the first egg. It has a love for food, is playful and its singing ability is enough to put in competition with other parrots. Just get in touch. These cookies do not store any personal information. You may not catch your pair mating, so it is best to keep your eye out for all the right signs. Theresa. A female parakeet usually starts laying eggs during the spring and will lay eggs with or without a mate. The Budgerigar, also known as Budgie, is a wonderful and social pet to keep. Budgies aren't shy when it comes to breeding and the turnaround from mating to chicks is very quick. You can tell if a male and female have bonded if they preen each other or hold beaks. It is not as easy as simply having a male and a female if your pair does not bond it is game over! This is fine, as long as you put the egg in the box as a signal that this is where the others should be laid. Your email address will not be published. Budgie Moulting! When your hen is ready to breed, her cere (the section at the top of the beak that looks like nostrils) will become thicker and crusted over when she is broody. Please let me know if further assistance is needed. WHAT BUDGIES CAN EAT AND WHAT NOT? Between 10 and 15 days after hatching, the feathers will start to come through on the chicks. Parakeet eggs are laid every other day until the hen is finished. Required fields are marked *, As you may have heard, Johnny Depp's dogs are having to return to the USA, after he flew them in to Australia on his private…. The first step towards increasing the Budgie lifespan is to make sure your home is bird-proof like a car that is bulletproof. Behavior changes may occur, but they will probably be subtle. Losing balance. Incubation can take from 17 to 23 days to hatch and feeding usually starts within 24 hours. Budgies normally lay 4-8 eggs in a single clutch. Since an egg bound bird can be in serious trouble I do suggest calling around to locate a vet who sees exotics. Food and water must be provided as per usual, with the quantity increasing during her broody period, pregnancy, and when the chicks are born. Best Budgie Cage Cleaning Accessories from Amazon. Once your female budgie starts sitting in the nest after mating, she will take around 8 to 9 days to lay her first egg and will continue laying eggs on alternative days. This will ensure that mating and eggs will come sooner rather than later. During this period, the male will feed the hen, who in turn feeds the chicks. The hen will also benefit from having some softwood to gnaw on, this will help encourage her to breed. EXCESSIVE EGG LAYING AND HOW TO PREVENT TOO MANY EGGS IN BUDGIES. Budgie should be kept under your observation always as it can eat something that is poisonous for it. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. A sick Budgie surely seems like it is sick. Do not be alarmed if you see your hen throwing chippings away out the hole, she simply doesn't want that much. Why Budgies losing feathers? This is a very natural thing for a bird to do and shouldn


This tutorial gives a brief overview of SPICE to microelectronic students. Most of the examples and exercises are directed to the microelectronic applications. The description is far from complete, as SPICE is a powerful circuit simulator with many capabilities. However, it will serve as a start for students in other disciplines. For more information, please refer to the SPICE user's manual or books listed at the end of this tutorial.
4.1 Passive Components
4.2 Independent Sources
Most of microelectronic circuit design is curried out with the aid of a computer aided circuit analysis program such as SPICE. SPICE, an acronym for Simulation Program with Integrated-Circuit Emphasis, is considered as industrial standard for computer-aided circuit analysis for microelectronic circuits.
SPICE was initially a research project at the University of California at Berkeley in the late 1960s. In the early 1970s, the most important addition was in the area of semiconductor device models. A better model for bipolar transistors, the integral charge-control model of H. Gummel and C. Poon, was introduced. This model included second-order effects, such as high-level injection and low-level recombination, and represented a major advancement over the Ebers-Moll model.
Models for two other semiconductor devices were added: the junction field effect transistor (JFET) and the metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
Today SPICE is synonymous with analogue computer-aided simulation. The major CAE companies, Cadence and Mentor, offer a property SPICE version as part of their analogue CAE products: Analog Workbench and Analog Artist from Cadence and Accusim from Mentor.
SPICE is a general-purpose circuit simulator capable of performing the following types of analysis:
 - Nonlinear DC analysis: the result of this analysis is commonly referred to as the DC bias or operating-point characteristic.
 - Nonlinear transient analysis: computes the voltages and currents with respect to time.
 - Linear AC analysis: linearises the circuit around the DC operating point and then calculates the output as a function of frequency.
 - Temperature analysis: allows a series of analyses to be performed while varying the temperature of the circuit.
 - Noise analysis: calculates the noise contribution of each elements and the total effect on the output in a mean-square sense.
 - Sensitivity analysis: indicates which components affect the circuit performance most critically.
 - Fourier analysis: computes the Fourier series coefficients of the circuit's voltages or currents.
 - Mont Carlo analysis: performs multiple runs of selected analysis types using a predetermined statistical distribution for the values of various components.
 - Distortion analysis: computes several harmonic distortion characteristics using AC small-signal analysis.
SPICE analyses various types of circuits contain one or more of the following components:
 - Independent and/or dependent voltage and/or current sources
 - Resistors
 - Capacitors
 - Inductors
 - Mutual inductors
 - Transmission lines
 - Operational amplifiers
 - Switches
 - Diodes
 - Bipolar junction transistors
 - Junction field effect transistors (JFET)
 - Metal-oxide semiconductor transistors (MOS)
 - Metal Schottky field effect transistors (MESFET)
 - Digital gates (PSpice for example)
A circuit to be simulated must be described in a sequence of lines (cards). Each line is either a statement, which describes a single element, or a control line, which set model parameters, measurement nodes, or analysis types. The first line must be a title line, and the last line must be an.END statement. A command line must start with dot command. Comment line must start with an asterisk '*'.
Spice input file (deck) format is as follows:
 Title statement
 circuit description
 Power Supplies / Signal Sources
 Element Descriptions
 Model Statements
 Analysis Requests
 Output Requests
The circuit is described as elements connected between nodes. Elements must be uniquely labeled, and the nodes must be distinctly numbered with nonnegative integers between 0, for ground, and 9999.
Elements have small or large values can be encoded as follows:
Code metric prefix Decimal representation
T tera 1012
G giga 109
Meg mega 106
K kilo 103
M milli 10-3
U micro 10-6
N nano 10-9
P pico 1012
F femto 10-15
Each element has a unit (dimension) which are as follows:
Spice Suffix Units
V volts
A amps
Hz herts
Ohm ohm (W)
H henry
F farad
Degree degree
The basic elements of electronic circuits can be represented by the first letter, the list of these elements and their representations are as follows:
1st letter Element
B GaAs Field-Effect Transistor (MESFET)
C Capacitor
D Diode
E Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)
F Current-Controlled Current Source (CCCS)
G Voltage-Controlled Current Source (VCCS)
H Current-Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)
I Independent Current Source
J Junction Field-Effect Transistor (JFET)
K Coupled Inductors
L Inductors
M MOS Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET)
Q Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
R Resistor
V Independent Voltage Source
4.1 Passive Components
SPICE considers the current always flows from the positive node through the element to the negative node.
Element Spice Description
Passive Components Rname n+ n- value
Lname n+ n- value
Cname n+ n- value
 - Rvalue = (Vn+ - Vn-)/IR
 - Cvalue = iC/(dvC/dt)
 - Lvalue = vL/(diL/dt)
Spice3 supports a diffusion resistor from the geometric and process information as follows:
Rname n+ n-
where is the model name of type R, which contains one or more of the following:
Name Parameter Units Default
TC1 First-order temperature coefficient 1/oC 0.0
TC2 Second-order temperature coefficient 1/(oC)2 0.0
RSH Sheet resistance ohm/sq 0.0
DEFW Default width m 10-6
NARROW Narrowing due to undercut m 0.0
The value of the resistance can be computed as follows:
Rvalue = RSH ((L - NARROW)/(W - NARROW))
Moreover, the capacitance of a planar diffusion can be evaluated as follows:
Cname n+ n-
where is the model name of type C, which contains one or more of the following:
Name Parameter Units Default
CJ Junction bottom capacitance Fm-2 --
CJSW Junction sidewall capacitance Fm(-1) --
DEFW Default device width m 10-6
NARROW Narrowing due to undercut m 0.0
The value of the capacitance can be computed as follows:
Cvalue = CJ (L - NARROW)(W - NARROW) + 2 CJSW (L + W - 2 NARROW)
The value of the resistor as a function of temperature is given by:
Value(T) = Value(To)*(1 + TC1*(T-To) + TC2*(T-To)2)
A nonlinear capacitance whose value depends on the instantaneous voltage across it can be described as:
Cname n+ n- POLY C0 C1 C2...
Its value is given by:
C = C0 + C1*V + C2*V2 +...
A nonlinear inductor whose value depends on the instantaneous current through it can be described as:
Lname n+ n- POLY L0 L1 L2...
Its value is given by:
L = L0 + L1*I + L2*I2 +...
Two inductors are mutually linked, can be described by their own element lines, then the coupling can be described as:
Kname Lname1 Lname2 value
4.2 Independent Sources
Voltage and current sources that are independent of any circuit variables are defined by the following statements:
Vname n+ n- < value> >>
+ >>
The polarity conventions are shown below:
Independent sources


text:
Validation Obligations: A Novel Approach to Check Compliance between Requirements and their Formal Specification
Sprache des Vortragstitels:
43rd ICSE (NIER) 2021: Madrid, Spain
Sprache des Tagungstitel:
Traditionally, practitioners use formal methods pre-dominately for one half of the quality-assurance process: verification (do we build the software right?). The other half - validation (do we build the right software?) - has been given comparatively little attention. While verification is the core of refinement-based formal methods, where each new refinement step must preserve all properties of its abstract model, validation is usually postponed until the latest stages of the development, when models can be automatically executed. Thus mistakes in requirementsor in their interpretation are caught too late: usually at the endof the development process. In this paper, we present a novelapproach to check compliance between requirements and theirformal refinement-based specification during the earlier stages ofdevelopment. Our proposed approach - "validation obligations"- is based on the simple idea that both verification and validationare an integral part of all refinement steps of a system.


text:
ARI bridges the gap between the knowledge gained through research and its practical application. ARI trainers design curriculum and workshop modules to enhance the fundamental knowledge of building science and energy efficiency practitioners.
- Use a fundamental understanding of adult education and curriculum development to ensure that audiences understand the why of building science principles that guide procedures in the weatherization process
- Employ expert trainers with applied field experience to translate the building science research and technical field procedures into customized classroom and in-field learning experiences
- Evaluate and improve curriculum to include current building science research and new educational innovations to increase information retention, improve understanding of the material, and teach job-specific critical thinking skills
- Use sound principles of building science to advance the performance of homes by developing and disseminating knowledge and best practice through education, training, and research
- Improve building energy efficiency, residential health and safety, and long-term resiliency of existing residential building systems by taking initiative to understand environmental conditions, and to address the current needs and future goals of our stakeholders
Who should I contact to learn more?
ICRT performs sponsored research on residential building science topics to identify Indoor Air Quality related health hazards in the home and studies the impact of retrofit activities on measured pollutants.
An aging population, longer life expectancies and rising healthcare costs poses a challenge to ensuring a healthy population. ARI develops smarter health solutions to meet these challenges with advances in disease prevention, diagnostics and treatment.
Contextual Innovation and Process
ARI increases operability, sustainability, and functionality of engineered products, systems, and operations by identifying and addressing the unique context in which they reside, and optimizing the impact of place, people, and time on its development and use.


text:
Category:Aari parts of speech
» Aari language » Parts of speech
This category contains Aari parts of speech: Aari terms categorized by their part of speech.
- Category:Aari nouns: Aari words that indicate people, beings, things, places, phenomena, qualities or ideas.
- Category:Aari numerals: Aari words that indicate quantities of nouns.
- Category:Aari verbs: Aari words that indicate actions, occurrences or states.
Last modified on 15 March 2013, at 19:47


text:
We evaluated the dynamics of walleye Sander vitreus population size structure, as indexed by the proportional size distribution (PSD) of quality-length fish, in Escanaba Lake during 1967–2003 and in 204 other lakes in northern Wisconsin during 1990–2011. We estimated PSD from angler-caught walleyes in Escanaba Lake and from spring electrofishing in 204 other lakes, and then related PSD to annual estimates of recruitment to age-3, length at age 3, and annual angling exploitation rate. In Escanaba Lake during 1967–2003, annual estimates of PSD were highly dynamic, growth (positively) explained 35% of PSD variation, recruitment explained only 3% of PSD variation, and exploitation explained only 7% of PSD variation. In 204 other northern Wisconsin lakes during 1990–2011, PSD varied widely among lakes, recruitment (negatively) explained 29% of PSD variation, growth (positively) explained 21% of PSD variation, and exploitation explained only 4% of PSD variation. We conclude that population size structure was most strongly driven by recruitment and growth, rather than exploitation, in northern Wisconsin walleye populations. Studies of other species over wide spatial and temporal ranges of recruitment, growth, and mortality are needed to determine which dynamic rate most strongly influences population size structure of other species. Our findings indicate a need to be cautious about assuming exploitation is a strong driver of walleye population size structure.
Additional publication details
Effects of recruitment, growth, and exploitation on walleye population size structure in northern Wisconsin lakes


Find Out the New Tech Toilets
The Latest Toilet Technologies
Plumbing companies have always encountered new obstacles every few years. But they were usually part of the program. They were what a engineer would expect to encounter.
Today, plumbing companies have to know how to navigate through the best tech of this lucrative industry. New toilets are flooding the market to revolutionize the bathroom experience and the toilet as a product.
People in the London area have higher expectations as they shop for a toilet. Just as people want cars, televisions, and phones that integrate the latest technological advances, they also want toilets that integrate the latest tech. This is something that a competent plumbing company will need to know how to navigate through.
1 – The Numi toilet.
There are basically two features and functions that people are looking for in their new toilets. First, they want the toilet to optimize comfort. This means that they do not want to have cold feet or feel a toilet seat that has been chilled by a bitter winter morning. The Numi comes with this advance, controlled by a remote. Second, the user needs convenience.
Tech is supposed to make our lives easier. The Numi does that with a motion censoring lid so that husbands do not need to remember to put the lid down. That old cliche is quickly becoming an element of the past.
2 – W.W (Washbasin + Watercloset)
Many consumers in the London area are sensitive about how much money they are going to have to spend every month on their water and electricity bill. They need toilets that offer saving. Also, saving water is eco-friendly in that many scientists are suggesting that the resources on our planet are being quickly depleted.
The W.W. makes the sink and the toilet into a single unit. The water from the sink is transferred into the toilet bowl and recycled.
3 – Waterless toilet system.
Consider again the ideal of saving water. But suppose you could do more. The Loowatt toilet packages human waste into a cartridge that has biodegradable lining, which is emptied into an anaerobic digester.
This means that human waste can be transformed into natural gas. By using this model, people are reducing the need for off-shore drilling, fracking, and contributing to our planet's resources.
You need a plumbing company who can navigate these new systems. If you would like to find one in your London, UK area, call FD Plumbing & Heating at _PHONE_ 4770.
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ing to each other is a vital corner stone for being successful in tier 3 implementations.
The below diagram shows a part of TOGAF relevant to building a governance, risk and compliance framework enabled Enterprise Architecture.
When developing a governance, risk and compliance framework you will have to ensure that this framework will be adopted in the Enterprise Architecture framework as a standard. This means that the framework will have to be implemented in the standards information base. By doing so it will ensure that it is included in the architecture landscape and as a result will end up in the solution building blocks.
The "Standards Information Base" will hold standards on architecture, standards on configuration as well as coding and development standards. This will also hold all standards coming from the governance, risk and compliance framework to ensure that this is embedded in the foundation of the architecture.
It is of vital importance to ensure that not only the standards coming from the governance, risk and compliance framework are included in the "Standards Information Base". It is equally important to ensure that they are applied and used and that an architecture compliance review process is in place to ensure this.
Having the standards derived from the governance, risk and compliance framework embedded in the enterprise architecture and ensuring that it is applied on an architecture level and used in the right manner will help enforcing the implementation in tier 3.
Compliance assessment
Having a governance, risk and compliance framework in place, embedding it in the "Standards Information Base" of your Enterprise Architecture Repository and ensuring with a architecture compliance review process that the standards are included in the resulting architectures and solution building blocks in only a part of the end-to-end solution.
Ensuring that your architecture is in line with the requirements stated in the governance, risk and compliance framework is not a guarantee that it is implemented in this manner. And when it is implemented in compliance with the standards it is not a guarantee that it will remain that way during operations.
What is required to ensure a correct level of compliance with he standards is a constant monitoring of the current deployments and to what level they are compliant. Solutions like Puppet can be used up to a certain level to complete this task and report the level of deviation from the standard requirements however solutions like Puppet (and others) are not designed for this specific purpose and are only able to do this task up to a certain level.
Oracle provides a fully build for purpose solution as part of the Oracle Management Cloud Service. The Oracle Compliance Cloud Service is a software-as-a service solution that enables the IT and Business Compliance function to assess and score industry standard benchmarks, REST-based cloud resources and your own custom rules. With the Oracle compliance Cloud Service you can score, assign and remediate compliance violations both on premise and in the cloud.
The Oracle Compliance Cloud Service will allow you to monitor systems and applications deployed in the Oracle cloud in other public clouds, in your local datacenter and in your private cloud. Providing a constant monitoring and reporting to enable you to have a realtime insight into the level of compliance. This can be against the standards defined by your own organisation or against industry and regulatory standards.
Having the ability to constant have a realtime insight and define automatic actions in case a check fails ensures that you gain more control over the actual implementation of the governance, risk and compliance framework in tier 3. having the option to do realtime and constant assessments will uncover situations that might lead to possible issues directly and empowers IT to ensure security, reliability and compliance at all times.
Tuesday, December 27, 2016
Oracle Linux - Peer cert cannot be verified or peer cert invalid
Whenever trying to update a package or install a package with Oracle Linux using YUM you will connect to a local or a remote YUM server which will serve you a list of packages available. By default and based upon good practice this connection will be encrypted. In some cases however a secure connection cannot be made. An example of such a case is when you need to rely on a proxy to the outside world and the proxy is not configured in the right manner to allow you to setup a correct certificate based connection.
In those cases you might end with an error as shown below:
: [Errno 14] Peer cert cannot be verified or peer cert invalid
A couple of options are available to resolve this issue. The most simple way to resolve the issue is to enforce YUM to simply not verify the SSL connection between the server and the YUM repository. To set this as a global setting to ensure you resolve error number 14 (as shown above) you have to edit the configuration file /etc/yum.conf
In /etc/yum.conf you have to ensure that sslverify is set to false. This means the below setting should be changed from true to false;
Thursday, December 22, 2016
Oracle cloud – code, deploy, test, destroy (and repeat)
Traditionally in old fashion environments it was hard to quickly build and test your code in any other way than on the system you developed the code on. Traditionally developers would develop code on a develop system, do the unit testing on this system and after that move the code to a test system. The next phase would be integration testing, user acceptance testing and production stage. Or any other form which you company adopted.
However, when developing code you do want to quickly deploy code, test the things you created, find the bugs and mistakes and repeat the process. Up until recent it was quite hard to build your code quickly and deploy it on a test system which only was used for this specific test and could be discarded afterwards.
Having the option to do so, quickly and often test without the burden of requesting a infrastructure team to prepare a new fresh test system is a big benefit for developers and ensures that the quality of code and the speed of development are increasing. The below image shows a more modern approach to DevOps and a more modern way of developing code.
DevOps Flow in the Oracle Cloud
Using an integrated environment
The above image outlines multiple streams for unit testing, integration testing and production deployments in a DevOps environment. When using such a model developers will be able to push code to a central version control system and state which version of the code has to be build (compiled) automatically, deployed on a fresh provisioned and environment and (automatically) tested.
This model only works in a highly automated cloud environment. To achieve this you will have to ensure that all components are driven by automated processes, fully self service, where DevOps developers can start a build process and the deployment of new environments and build code deployments. The solution needs to be a fully integrated environment where all nodes (deployed server builds) are fully stateless and code is pulled from the source repository.
Using an integrated environment in this manner will enable you do automatically build your code, deploy in on servers, and test it in an automatic manner. The same can be applied in exact the same manner for the integration testing and for the deployment to production phase. Making use of exactly the same routines, source code and by doing so ensuring the production state will be exactly what is tested without the riks of human errors.
At the same moment, the entire testing and deploying steps will only take a fraction of the time of what it might take when done manually.
Automated code building / build automation
The process of build automation in this DevOps based deployment cycle will take care of downloading a specific branch of the source repository tree and build it into a "product" that can be deployed on a node. Depending on the language you use to develop your code in, the way you automate other parts of the "stream" and other aspects you will have to select a certain build automation tool.
Hudson and Jenkins are currently popular build automation tools used for continuous integration. However, depending on your situation other tools might very well be applicable. As an example, you might want to use BuildBot or Team Foundation Server. When using the Oracle Developer Cloud Service you will be able to use a hosted version of Hudson
Deployment automation
When using the Oracle Cloud you will have the desire to ensure that the automatically build code will be deployed on one or multiple systems. In this case "systems" can refer to multiple type of Oracle Public Cloud Solutions. As an example, it can be a docker container in the Oracle Container Cloud Service, it can be an application server running on an Oracle Linux instance in the Oracle Compute Cloud service. However, it can very well be PL/SQL code deployed in a database in the Oracle Database Cloud Service.
Ensuring you "pack" all the different targets where the code needs to be deployed, the configuration of the individual nodes and all the configuration to bind them together. A growing number of tools and platforms are available to asist in this task, from complex solutions to the more easy to maintain and understand solutions like for example RunDeck.
Binding it all together
When you intend to build a solution like shown above and make use of the benefits of a fully automated end-to-end continues deployment and integration you will have to build a vision and direction and arrange the according tools in a DevOps tool Chain. When developing this vision and the underlying technology the biggest challenge is to ensure that everything can be integrated into one single fully automated deployment orchestration.
Oracle is supporting in this with a set of tooling within the Oracle Developer Cloud service and with a rich set of API driven services. However, to ensure a totally fitted deployment automation solution it is very likely you will select a number of tools that are not by default in the Oracle Cloud Services however very capable of running on the Oracle Cloud.
Monday, December 19, 2016
Oracle Cloud – Changing the tool chain for DevOps
Transition challenges
Changing the tool chain
Oracle Cloud DevOps ToolChain
DevOps tool chain in the Oracle Cloud
Oracle Cloud DevOps ToolChain
Monitoring and Orchestration
The Oracle Public Cloud picture


. The SPS operates normally if not tested. It is not possible to test the system in-flight.
What are the color codes of the pitch limit indicator (PLI)? Green: 10 to 5° Amber: 5 to 2° Red: < 2°.(2-04-25 p. 8)
Will terrain display on the MFD if the radar is deferred? (2-04-30 p. 1) The radar has no input. The terrain information is a database.
What bank angle will trigger a "bank angle" aural warning? (2-04-30 p. 24) 6° at the surface to 40° at 150 ft, increased sensitivity with roll rate.
What does solid red mean on the EGPWS?(2-04 30 p. 30) Warning terrain. (Approximately 30 s from impact.)
What does solid yellow mean on the EGPWS?(2-04 30 p. 30) Caution terrain.(Approximately 60 s from impact.)
What do high-density red dots mean on the EGPWS? (2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain > 2,000 ft above the aircraft.
What do high density yellow dots mean on the EGPWS? (2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain between 1,000 to 2,000 ft above the airplane
What do medium density yellow dots mean on the EGPWS? (2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain between 500 ft (250 ft with gear down) below to 1,000 ft above the airplane.
What do medium density green dots mean on the EGPWS? (2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain between 500 ft (250 ft with gear down) below to 1,000 ft below the airplane.
What do light density green dots mean on the EGPWS? (2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain that is 1,000 to 2,000 ft below the airplane.
What terrain is not shown on the EGPWS?(2-04 30 p. 30) Terrain that is more than 2,000 ft below the airplane, terrain that has an elevation within 400 ft of the runway elevation of the nearest airport, & terrain not in EGPWS database is magenta.
What will trigger an amber windshear & what will you see? A red windshear? (2-04-35 p. 4) Amber: Triggered by a sudden increase in performance. CAUTION WINDSHEAR aural warning & amber "WDSHEAR" appears in the upper left of PFDs. Red: Triggered by a sudden decrease in performance. WINDSHEAR(X 3) aural warning & a red WDSHEAR appears on PFDs.
How is windshear escape guidance mode entered?(2-04-35 p. 6) Automatically: (1) When in GA or TO mode & any windshear condition is detected.(2) > 78° TLA & red windshear is detected.Manually: By pressing the GA button when any windshear condition is detected.
What does the flight director do once windshear escape guidance mode is entered. (2-04-35 p. 6) A green WSHR in the vertical field & ROLL in the lateral field on both PFDs. The flt director provide a recovery pitch attitude. other flight director modes are canceled & some vertical modes are inhibited: altitude pre-select, go-around, & takeoff.
What are the 3 priorities of the windshear escape guidance mode? (2-04-35 p. 6) (1) Prevent the airplane from stalling.(2) Prevent the airplane from descending.(3) Prevent the airplane from exceeding VMO.
When will the airplane exit windshear escape guidance? (2-04-35 p. 7 rev 23) > 1500 AGL, another vertical mode is selected (it will just re-enter automatically if windshear is still detected), invalid AHRS, ADC, or stall protection computer.
How much time or distance does a TCAS caution or warning give before a conflict? (2-04-40 p. 02 rev 23) Caution: 35 to 45 s.Warning: 20 to 30 s.
When are TAs inhibited? RAs?(2-04-40 p. 9) TAs: < 1000 ft descending, < 1200 ft climbing.RAs: < 400 ft descending, < 600 ft climbing.
What are the relative altitude ranges of the TCAS?(2-04-40 p.10) Normal: ±1200 ft in auto, ±2700 ft in manual.Above: +7000 -2700 ft, Below: -7000 +2700 ft.
What does a hollow cyan diamond on the TCAS mean? A solid cyan diamond? A solid amber circle? A solid red square? (2-04-40 pp. 39-41) Hollow cyan diamond: An aircraft within the selected range / altitude. Solid cyan diamond: < 6.5 nm & < 1,200 ft vertically.Solid amber circle: A TA.Solid red square: An RA.
Describe the main batteries & their normal operation.(2-05-05 p.1) Two 24 V DC, 44 amp-hr, ni-ca batts. norm ops, batt 1 is conn in // with gens 1 & 3 (net1). Batt 2 is conn in // with gens 2 & 4 (net2). Batt 2 supp pwr for APU start, while batt 1 is isol from the load buses to provide stable pwr to equip.
Why does this aircraft have NI-CAD batteries?(AC65-9) NiCad batteries are able to deliver large amounts of current & maintain steady voltage until almost entirely discharged.
Can the GPU operate in parallel with the aircraft batteries or generators? No, it has priority over any other power source while energizing the aircraft. (2-05-05 p. 5)
How long can the batteries supply power for essential loads in case of an all-generator-failure condition? How many APU starts are allowed in that amount of time? ≥ 40 min (includes 3 APU start attempts).(2-05-05 p. 6 rev. 31)
Describe the main generators. (2-05-05 p. 6 rev 22) 4 independent, engine-driven, brushless generators. Each generator is controlled by a dedicated generator control unit (GCU). The generators will come on-line when the engines stabilize > 56.4% N2.
Describe the backup battery & its function.(2-05-05 p. 7; 2-05-20 p. 5) One 24 V DC 5 amp-hr sealed lead acid battery provides stabilized power for the operation of the GCU's protective function, even in case of short circuit, when the system voltage may drop to zero. It also powers the DC distribution (EDL).
When will the APU generator normally come on-line after start? (2-05-05 p.8) 95 % RPM + 7 s.
What does the APU GEN button do, and what is its normal position? (2-05-05 p. 8) Connects the APU generator to the central bus, normally IN & dark.
When all generators are operating, which bus is the APU generator connected to? Connected in parallel with the generators supplying DC bus 2 via the central bus. (2-05-05 p. 8-9)
What is the purpose of the central DC bus? Where does the central bus get power in an electrical emergency? (2-05-05 p. 9 & 2-05-10 p. 6, 6b, & 25) Conn the APU gen or GPU to the load buses through the bus tie ctcrs. It also prov bus interconn in case of gen unavailability. In an electrical emergency it is powered by battery 2 through hot bus 2 (i.e., BC 2 stays closed so the APU can be started).
Describe the in-flight DC electrical distribution with 4 or 5 generators on-line. 3 generators? 1 or 2 only?Loss of all generators?(2-05-05 p. 9 & 2-05-10 p. 6, 6A, & 25) 4 or 5: Two networks with all buses 3: 1 net interconn through bus tie ctcr with all buses energized.1 or 2: 1 net no shed bus(in-flight) or with the shed buses on the ground when in OVRD.No generators: Batt energize ESS buses & central bus only.
What is the ground service bus?(2-05-05 p. 10) Powers the cabin lts, lav lts, galley lts, courtesy, cockpit lts, baggage & service compart lts. Its functions are independent of the EDL. It is energized by connecting the GPU plug to the airplane when the batt & gens are not connected to the buses.
What does the AC electrical system consist of?(2-05-05 p. 12) 1 250 VA/400 Hz single phase static inverter that converts 28 V DC from DC bus 1 into 115 V-AC power.
What systems use 115 V-AC power?(2-05-05 p.


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Why Join Our
Benefits of our Economics Tuition Programmes
Economics Focus is committed to provide you with a meaningful and exam-oriented learning experience, such that you are well-versed and proficient in the study of Economics. In addition to the primary goal of attaining academic success at the O and A Level Economics examinations, we also believe that students should learn with the aim of developing critical thinking and problem solving skills that are highly valued in higher levels of education and in various specializations of work.
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How our H2 Economics tuition will prepare you for A?
The lessons will cover both the essay writing and case study answering techniques, which are crucial factors for the attainment of academic success at the examinations. Students will undergo topical re-teaching and knowledge application during class practices.
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Students will learn to understand and apply the economics principles taught in class to practice questions. The use of examples based on the discussion of real world case studies and issues is instrumental in raising the quality of answers. Under the guidance of the JC Economics tutors, students will develop the ability to arrange their answers and provide logical and concise explanation to ace the questions.
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In addition, students will also be able to gain mastery in writing. Students who have undergone our tuition classes will be able to develop coherent arguments that stand above that of their peers. On top of the development of writing abilities, students will also be taught to interpret, analyse and evaluate figures and data allowing them to reinforce their arguments.
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The tuition pinpoints the cultivation of proficient case study answering skills, such as trend analysis, factor comparison and discussion of economic impacts. These skills are to be applied in the context of economics issues discussed in the given extracts and data.


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|The northern hardwood forests of mountainous northeastern Connecticut support bird communities characteristic of northern New England.|
The latest technical publication derived from the Forest Bird Survey of Southern New England is entitled Factors Influencing Geographic Patterns in Diversity of Forest Bird Communities of Eastern Connecticut, USA. It has been published in the latest edition of the international scientific journal Ecography. The definitive version may be viewed by journal subscribers here, although we also will post a freely available version to our own Bird Conservation Contributions next year (per our publishing agreement with Ecography).
The study examines the components of diversityspecies richness and species evenness (how individuals are distributed among species)- as they vary across nearly a million acres of forested landscape. It documents that 1) summer richness and populations are roughly equal in northeastern and southeastern Connecticut, whereas in winter both concentrate toward the coast, 2) temperature explained much of winter diversity patterns, but energy-related variables showed little relationship to summer diversity, 3) the effect of habitat on diversity parameters predominated in summer, although their effect was generally weak, 4) contrary to theory, evenness increased from summer to winter, and 5) support for predictions of a branch of ecological theory known as species-energy theory was limited and primarily restricted to winter data. Although energy and habitat played a role in explaining community patterns, they left much of the variability in regional diversity unexplained, suggesting that, as is predicted by other ecological theories, a large random component to diversity also may exist.


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ODU Model United Nations Conference (ODUMUNC)
Non-Governmental Organization Forum (NGO)
- Strengthening Coordination of Efforts to Combat Human Trafficking
- Furthering Women's Rights in Developing Countries
- Suppression of Transnational Crime and the Trade in Illegal Drugs
Your Chairman: TBA
What it is: The NGO forum is the UN's idea factory. Some of the most influential actors in international politics are not governments or corporations, but the dedicated experts of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Only states are official members of the United Nations, but NGOs are essential for every region and every issue, supporting national policy, working to change it, and providing vital support to UN operations.
Whether they administer the refugee camps or distribute medical assistance, remove landmines or mediate between rival ethnic warriors, NGOs know how to get things done. More countries—but not all—follow NGO recommendations and finance their operations. Especially in Africa, Europe and Latin America, governments acknowledge their experience and expertise.
The NGO Forum is the unofficial body where representatives from non-governmental groups debate and make recommendations to the states and the UN through resolutions and working papers.
How it works: As a vital source of ideas and pressure for change, NGOs work closely with like-minded country delegations, often advising them in their committees. Committees can adjourn to allow NGOs to address the committee. At ODUMUNC, the NGO forum recesses to join the ECOSOC in an advisory capacity at its official sessions, at the invitation of a majority of states present and voting.


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|This article or section is a Mists of Pandaria stub. You can help expand it by editing it.|
- Mischievous and prevalent, the nature sprites of Pandaria resemble the prevalent features of their surroundings, like shrubs or rocks. Their appearance allows them to easily hide and engage in their favorite pastime – playing tricks on others for inscrutable reasons. Many forest sprites' pranks – disguising themselves as stools to trip people, or throwing fruit and nuts at wanderers – seem harmless. Mountain spirits' means of interaction tend to have a higher incidence of violence and death, involving rockslides and falls off cliffs.
- Rumor has it that more deadly, unique varieties of sprites have emerged in Sha-tainted areas. If sprites' behavior is simply a reflection of the environments that surround them, any such creatures must be monumentally dangerous.
Patch changes Edit
- β Patch 5.0.1 (Beta): Added.
Note: This is a generic section stub. You can help expand it by clicking Edit to the right of the section title.


Sometimes you just can't express both sides of an exponential equation as powers of the same base. When facing that problem, you can make the exponent go away by taking the log of both sides. For example, suppose you're asked to solve 43x – 1 = 11. No integer with the power of 4 gives you 11, so you have to use the following technique:
 1. Take the log of both sides.
 You can take any log you want, but remember that you actually need to solve the equation with this log, so you should with common or natural logs only.
 Using the common log on both sides gives you log 43x –1 = log 11.
 2. Use the power rule to drop down the exponent.
 This step gives you (3x – 1)log 4 = log 11.
 3. Divide both sides by the appropriate log in order to isolate the variable.
 You get
 4. Solve for the variable.
 Taking the logs gives you
In this problem, you had to use the power rule on only one side of the equation because the variable appeared on only one side. When you have to use the power rule on both sides, the equations can get a little messy. But with persistence, you can figure it out. For example, to solve 52 – x = 33x + 2, follow these steps:
 1. Take the log of both sides.
 As with the previous problem, you should use either a common log or a natural log. If you use a natural log, you get ln 52 – x = ln 33x + 2.
 2. Use the power rule to drop down both exponents.
 Don't forget to include your parentheses! You get (2 – x)ln 5 = (3x + 2)ln 3.
 3. Distribute the logs over the inside of the parentheses.
 This step gives you 2ln 5 – xln 5 = 3xln 3 + 2ln 3.
 4. Isolate the variables on one side and move everything else to the other by adding or subtracting.
 You now have 2ln 5 – 2ln 3 = 3xln 3 + xln 5.
 5. Factor out the x variable from all the appropriate terms.
 That leaves you with 2ln 5 – 2ln 3 = x(3ln 3 + ln 5).
 6. Divide the quantity in parentheses from both sides to solve for x.
 This equals approximately 0.208.


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The Adventure Aquarium and New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences, one of the country's top aquariums and leading regional educational institutions joins 23 other marine facilities in becoming part of the growing network of Coastal America Coastal Ecosystem Learning Centers.
By becoming a Coastal Ecosystem Learning Center, the Aquarium and the Academy will gain access to the scientific resources of 16 federal agencies that will offer items such as ship time, technical expertise, exhibits, and educational materials, as well as chances to collaborate on research projects.
"This designation is just as important for our nation as it is for the city of Camden and Adventure Aquarium and the Academy," says Monica Medina, principal deputy under secretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere. "By improving public awareness of coastal issues through education and outreach, Adventure Aquarium and the New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences play a vital role in raising public awareness. We hope that the young aquarium visitors of today are the marine scientists of tomorrow."
As a Learning Center, Adventure Aquarium and the New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences will focus on educating their visitors about the nature and value of coastal resources. They will join an international network of marine educational institutions that are addressing our growing coastal problems by creating a better informed public.
"We are thrilled that Coastal America has designated Adventure Aquarium and the New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences as the Region's only Coastal Ecosystem Learning Center," says Adventure Aquarium's Executive Director Kevin Keppel. "This valuable partnership only further strengthens our ability to educate and enlighten Adventure Aquarium guests and our surrounding community about the importance of protecting our coastal environment."
Billing itself as the country's "most touchable" aquarium, the Adventure Aquarium on the Camden Waterfront is the fifth largest aquarium in America. The Aquarium and its education partner, the New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences take special pride in offering a rich and culturally relevant environmental program for underserved urban audiences in the Camden/Philadelphia region.
Coastal America, an interagency federal partnership that works to protect, preserve and restore the national coastal ecosystems, established the Learning Center network in 1996. The 24 designated Learning Centers work with federal partners to educate and engage the public in protecting coastal ecosystems.
Adventure Aquarium houses 200,000 sq. ft. of public space, more than two million gallons of water and 431 species. The Aquarium and the Academy serve over 800,000 visitors annually and draw well over 300,000 participants to a wide variety of shows, movies, lessons, tours and field programs.
The Nature Conservancy is a leading conservation organization working around the world to protect ecologically important lands and waters for nature and people. The Conservancy and its more than 1 million members have protected nearly 120 million acres worldwide. Visit The Nature Conservancy on the Web at _URL_.


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Help! My kid's breakup is exhausting me
Teenage heartbreak
Adolescent breakups aren't for the faint of heart. As much as you want to roll your eyes and say "get over it already," try to get inside your child's mind and heart to provide empathy.
Upset teeange girl | Sheknows.com
Photo credit: Jamie Grill/Getty Images
If you have a teenager, it's only a matter of time before he or she experiences a crush and a breakup. Rather than feeling exhausted by the drama, try to remember where your child is coming from so you can respond appropriately to his or her heartache.
The science of a lovesick teenager
When a person falls in love, their brain is flooded by serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, which mimic the effect of drugs and can cause weak knees, shaky hands, a racing pulse and crazed thoughts. As a parent, you probably understand that your lovesick teenager will eventually go through a breakup, but your teenager's body doesn't know it. The physiological response of falling in love is the same for a teenager and a full-fledged adult, so believing that a first crush doesn't matter because it will eventually go away is actually quite false.
Understanding the teen brain
Not only that, but the realities of the teenage brain can make breakups exceedingly painful and challenging. Before you feel annoyed by the drama of your teenager's breakup, try to remember the following.
 - Your teen's judgment zone isn't developed. The prefrontal cortex of your child's brain won't be fully developed until he or she reaches the age of 25. Since the prefrontal cortex is responsible for judgment, your teen isn't able to easily override negative thoughts and behaviors that tend to spiral after a breakup.
 - Your teen is prone to addiction. Teenage brains are more prone to addictive behaviors like drugs and alcohol than are adult brains. Falling in love mimics the chemical responses of drugs, so the brain of a teenager is especially responsive to the chemical highs and lows of falling in love and breaking up.
 - Your teen lives in the present. Blame it on the under-developed prefrontal cortex, but teens tend to have a hard time thinking about the future. While living in the present has its benefits, it also makes it difficult for teens to realize that they'll eventually recover from their breakup misery.
How to help your child cope
Recovering from a painful breakup takes time and support, so help your child (and yourself!) by employing the following techniques.
 - Validate — Falling in love and breaking up matters a lot to your child, so empathize with his or her feelings and confirm that the feelings are understandable.
 - Provide tools — Give your child information about how to cope with grief. Suggest techniques that have worked for you, like journal-writing, painting or going on a walk. Good self-care strategies can help combat depression, no matter what the age of the person experiencing grief.
 - Remain available — Grief tends to be cyclical. Understand that your child may cycle through sadness, loneliness and joy only to revisit each of the emotions for several months. Remain available for whichever emotions present themselves.
How to care for yourself
Parenting a teenager isn't for the faint of heart, particularly following a breakup. While your focus needs to be on your child's emotions, it's important to care for yourself, too.
 - Give yourself a break. Since teenagers tend to remain in the present (and have difficulty taking breaks from melancholy), your child may want to interminably dwell on the breakup. That said, it's entirely OK to set limits on when you will and will not commiserate with your kid.
 - Don't act surprised. Your emotional response to your child's breakup is likely to be pronounced if you learn your child was betrayed or taken advantage of during the relationship. Don't allow yourself to be swept away by this information, as painful as it may be.
 - Allow yourself to grieve. Your child's first experience with love and heartache may cause you sorrow. A breakup is a reminder that your child is growing into an adult. As with any sorrow, it's important for you to pause and acknowledge your own pain about the end of childhood and the beginning of adulthood. When you acknowledge your grief for what it is, it will lose its power over you.
 - Call for help. If at any point you feel that your child's grief is beyond what you're equipped to handle, call for backup. Enlist the help of a school counselor or family therapist if you're feeling overwhelmed.
More on tweens and teens
College students: The new poor?
Should child sex trafficking victims go to jail for prostitution?
Help! I sent my son to junior high and he turned into a jerk!
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The Tree That Smells Like Poo
Teacher Contributed
The Tree That Smells Like Poo
Ewww! That Smell!
Some of you may be familiar with the Gingko biloba tree. They can be found in cities around the world where they have been planted for their beauty and spectacular color change. What casual visitors to these cities may not know is the seed pods produce an odor reminiscent of feces when they are stepped on. Yep, in some cities, at some times of year, you have to tread lightly around Gingko" trees and check your shoes before you go inside. What some of you may also not know is Gingko biloba is the oldest known tree species on the planet. Apparently smell isn't everything when it comes to survival.
In this video you can see the oldest Gingko biloba in Europe. Note the shape of its trunk. Have you seen other trees with trunks like this?
Explore More
Use the resources below to answer the following questions:
 1. To what locality can all the living gingko biloba trees be traced?
 2. How did the view of the Gingko tree differ between China and Japan? Explain your answer as fully as you can.
 3. What is unique about the sperm of the "Gingko" tree? What other plants share this trait? When do these plants appear in the fossil record?
 4. How do Gingko trees disperse their seeds so the young trees don't compete with the parent tree?
 5. How does Gingko biloba respond to pollution? Does this response surprise you given the age of the species? Explain why or why not.
 6. Gingko biloba trees come as both male and female trees. Humans have shown a preference for the male tree. What do female trees have that male trees don't? How is this connected to a preference for males? Why do people fear this preference may impact the genetic diversity of the species?
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Wind Roche-lobe overflow and the origin of carbon in metal-poor halo stars (New paper accepted)
20 Feb
What fraction of the slow dusty wind of an AGB star can be captured by a binary companion? According to smooth particle hydro simulations by Mohammed, quite a bit more than is typically accounted for in binary evolutionary models. Especially if the companion is located closer than the location where dust is formed and the wind is accelerated. In this paper, lead by Abate, explores the consequences for the population of metal poor halo stars. The number of stars that accreted carbon from the wind of their companion is found to be a factor 1.2-1.8 higher than in simulations that do not account for this effect.
This paper "Wind Roche-lobe overflow: Application to carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars" by Abate, Pols, Izzard, Mohammed & de Mink has just been accepted for publication in A&A. A preprint can be found here:


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Environmental harshness and unpredictability, life history, and social and academic behavior of adolescents in nine countries.
Safety is essential for life. To survive, humans and other animals have developed sets of psychological and physiological adaptations known as life history (LH) tradeoff strategies in response to various safety constraints. Evolutionarily selected LH strategies in turn regulate development and behavior to optimize survival under prevailing safety conditions. The present study tested LH hypotheses concerning safety based on a 6-year longitudinal sample of 1,245 adolescents and their parents from 9 countries. The results revealed that, invariant across countries, environmental harshness, and unpredictability (lack of safety) was negatively associated with slow LH behavioral profile, measured 2 years later, and slow LH behavioral profile was negatively and positively associated with externalizing behavior and academic performance, respectively, as measured an additional 2 years later. These results support the evolutionary conception that human development responds to environmental safety cues through LH regulation of social and learning behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Chang, L; Lu, HJ; Lansford, JE; Skinner, AT; Bornstein, MH; Steinberg, L; Dodge, KA; Chen, BB; Tian, Q; Bacchini, D; Deater-Deckard, K; Pastorelli, C; Alampay, LP; Sorbring, E; Al-Hassan, SM; Oburu, P; Malone, PS; Di Giunta, L; Tirado, LMU; Tapanya, S
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