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For the first time in 90 years, the birth of the Arabian oryx was witnessed at the King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Royal Reserve. This is seen as a monumental achievement after years of protecting the endangered species in captivity, prior to their reintroduction to the wild. With the birth of the new calf, Saudi Arabia is hopeful in seeing an increase in Arabian oryxes in the wild.
The Arabian oryx is one of Saudi Arabia's endangered species currently benefiting from preservation efforts. In 1972, the species was declared extinct in the wild having witnessed a significant drop in numbers due to loss of habitat and poaching. The Kingdom's goal is to reintroduce endangered species into the wild in order to preserve its natural heritage and biodiversity.
As part of conservation efforts, this includes preserving the natural habitats of respective species, while designating protected areas such as King Salman Royal Reserve. Simultaneously, protected areas are seeing an increase in greenery as part of the Kingdom's Saudi Green Initiative.
In March, a team led by the University of Sydney had the pleasure to analyze the Arabian oryx DNA, in order to better inform breeding programs on how best to look after the iconic species. The study has also been published on the "Royal Society Open Science" journal. Thus far, the university has discovered that Arabian oryxes are quite capable of adapting to changing environments and maintaining good health, but also recommended new strategies in preserving the genes of the species' ancestral groups.
In addition, the researchers also recommended that Gulf nations should start storing DNA samples as added protective measures. The samples are to be kept in biobanks as an additional mean of preventing another extinction of the Arabian oryx in the wild.


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The British government mounted a major offensive in 1755 to end the French control of Fort Duquesne and destroy other French strongholds in the region. As the British army, led by Major General Edward Braddock, moved westward from Virginia, they were forced to widen the Nemacolin path and build a roadway to accommodate the 200 wagons, heavy artillery and over 2000 troops. This roadway, known as Braddock's Road, can today be traveled easily along modern highways, much of it following present day Route through Maryland and Pennsylvania. However, the original road trace is barely recognizable and much has been destroyed, over grown or is located on private property.
For more information, visit the following websites:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Ginger, a common spice in Indian kitchens can manage high levels of blood sugar which create complications for long-term diabetic patients, a new study has claimed.
Researchers from the University of Sydney found that ginger has the power to control blood glucose by using muscle cells.
"Ginger extracts obtained from Buderim Ginger were able to increase the uptake of glucose into muscle cells independently of insulin," Professor of pharmaceutical chemistry Basil Roufogalis who led the research said in a statement. "This assists in the management of high levels of blood sugar that create complications for long-term diabetic patients, and may allow cells to operate independently of insulin," Roufogalis said.
"The components responsible for the increase in glucose were gingerols, the major phenolic components of the ginger rhizome. Under normal conditions, blood glucose level is strictly maintained within a narrow range, and skeletal muscle is a major site of glucose clearance in the body," Roufogalis
The pharmacy researchers extracted whole ginger rhizomes obtained from Buderim Ginger and showed that that one fraction of the extract was the most effective in reproducing the increase in glucose uptake by the whole extract in muscle cells grown in culture.
The study also determined how the gingerols could increase glucose uptake and showed an increase in the surface distribution of the protein GLUT4. When the protein localises on the surface of muscle cells it allows transport of glucose into cells.
In type 2 diabetic patients, the capacity of skeletal muscle to uptake glucose is markedly reduced due to impaired insulin signal transduction and inefficiency of the GLUT4. The study was published in the journal Planta Medica. PTI

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


development firm hypergiant industries has designed a bioreactor that can suck as much carbon dioxide from the air as an acre of forest. filled with algae, the 3'x3'x7′ cube is intended for use in urban environments where it can fit within office buildings. the device could give dense cities a new weapon in the fight against climate change.
the prototype device, which hypergiant industries says is currently in operation, is three-by-three-by-seven feet. it's a closed system that works indoors, connecting with an HVAC system to reduce CO2 levels inside and release cleaner air. the long-term concept includes integration with 'smart' city programs where the algae byproduct of biodiesel can provide fuel for a variety of other products that promote and improve urban living.
this algae-based bioreactor can swallow as much C02 from the air as an acre of trees
images courtesy of hypergiant industries
algae thrive on carbon dioxide emissions making it one of nature's most efficient tools for carbon capture and sequestration. it could play a critical role in the sustainability of human life in our ecosystem. what's more, algae can be used to create carbon negative fuels, plastics, textiles, food, fertilizer and much more.
hypergiant says that the bioreactor uses artificial intelligence to optimize algae growth. by monitoring carbon capture and algae output the company has found a way to create a product that is more sustainable, efficient, manageable and smaller in size than other bioreactor prototypes.
'our goal at hypergiant industries is to use the world's best technologies to solve the world's biggest problems,' says hypergiant industries ceo and founder, ben lamm. 'excess carbon in our atmosphere is driving a number of massive catastrophes for our planet and pushing us to get off planet and colonize space.'
'I want humanity to colonize space because I want to explore the cosmos to better understand our place within it. I don't want us to colonize space because we are running away from our home planet. this device is one of our first efforts focused on fixing the planet we are on. we hope to inspire and collaborate with others on a similar mission.'
later this year, hypergiant industries plans to release blueprints for the eos bioreactor to the online maker community. the goal is to empower individuals to create similar, smaller and modular devices for use in residential units.
the company will also focus on the use of recycled ocean plastics to create the devices and encourages the community to do so as well. additional details on productization will be announced in 2020.
project info
company: hypergiant
device: bioreactor
status: prototype


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This species of dinoflagellate is a rare visitor to the Rhode River area. The salinity of the mid-Chesapeake Bay is usually too low to support D. accuminata. It has been known to cause toxic shellfish poisoning. The cells average 48u in length and 16u wide with an average total volume of 3.2x103 cubic microns. During late winter and early spring of 2002,
D. accuminata grew to bloom proportions in the Potomac River causing oysters beds to be closed. A few wandering cells were found in main bay and near the mouth of the Rhode River.


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Gotipua dancers of Konark Natya Mandap set the stage on fire at Thripunithura.
What makes Orissa's indigenous dance form Gotipua so special is that it still retains an element of rawness, distinguishing it from the more sophisticated Odissi. This traditional dance form, believed to be the precursor of Odissi, is free from refinement and restrictions of a 'classical' structure, thus remaining vibrant and full of energy. Eight boys of the famed Konark Natya Mandap set the stage on fire with a robust performance of Gotipua at Thripunithura.
History has it that Gotipua originated sometime during the end of the 15th century and beginning of the 16th century. The 'Devadasi' or 'Mahari' tradition was in a state of decline and there was the need to keep the dance tradition alive. So boys were trained for this.
Gotipua in Oriya means 'single boy.' But, ironically, the 'goti puas' always perform in pairs or groups. The structure of the dance is such that the boys – dressed as girls – move together in perfect sync. This happens not just in the movements but even in the expressional and acrobatic phases of the performance.
The dancers reach this stage of perfection through years of rigorous training. "Boys, mostly from very poor families, are recruited to different dance schools in Orissa. They are usually between the age of six and 13. After this they either turn teachers or move into Odissi. They are trained for around two years, during which they learn the techniques of dance and abhinaya, and attain the flexibility that is so important," says B.C. Biswal, manager of the troupe.
A typical Gotipua performance begins with 'Bhumi Pranam,' an invocation to the Lord or a salutation to Mother Earth. This is followed by 'Nritya,' where the dancers exhibit their subtle movements and some mudras still extant.
One part of the performance is set apart for 'abhinaya,' which offers scope for the dancers to present their skill in narrating a story through expressions or the 'navarasas.' In abhinaya, writings of medieval Oriya poets such as Gopalkrushna, Banamali, Goura Charan and others are used. Various situations, especially based on the Radha-Krishna concept, are depicted. Perhaps, the most exacting and exciting aspect of Gotipua is 'Bandha Nritya' or acrobatics. The dancers amaze with their intricate poses that are termed 'chaki,' 'shagadi,' 'mayura' and 'chira mayura.'
The 'aharya' of the dancers is simple. They closely resemble that of the more popular Odissi style or that of the Devadasis of an earlier period. They wear jewellery made of beads; necklaces, armbands and ear ornaments. Their heavy ankle bells add to the pulsating rhythm. The dancers use thick make-up and even have flowers in their hair, which is bound in a top knot.
The dancers are supported by musicians, who play the mardal, a percussion instrument akin to the pakhawaj, the gini (cymbals), the harmonium, the violin and the bansuri. The dancers sing when they perform and are backed by an additional vocalist.
It is often said that one must see a Gotipua performance before you can appreciate Odissi. And watching Gotipua is a must for aspiring Odissi dancers. That the modern, classical Odissi has been distilled from Gotipua becomes evident in the nritya, abhinaya, costume and even make-up of the dancers.
The only and major point of difference is in the acrobatic movements that are prevalent in Gotipua. These movements seem to have been derived from yoga, tribal and folk forms. The beauty of the acrobatic movements is that it gels well with the dance.
Unlike most of our classical dance forms that have been influenced by the National movement and class associations, Gotipua remains a dance of the downtrodden. So too are its practitioners. Hence, Gotipua still retains an earthy vibrancy and powerful energy. And this is what makes it special.
However, of late, there appears to be a dilution in this dance form. It appears to have been influenced by theatre and even cinema. The tableau-like poses the dancers strike, waiting for the usually loud applause, somehow do not seem original.
These young boys may not be able to explain the nuances of their dance or music; they know only to recreate only what they have imbibed in all the years of training. It is their spontaneity, vitality, unabashed dancing and raw energy that hold audiences the world-over spellbound. And Thripunithura was no exception.
The performance was held under the aegis of Society for Promotion of Indian Classical Music and Culture Amongst Youth (SPICMACAY) and Sree Poornathrayeesa Sangeetha Sabha.


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Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States
September 15, 2011
Labor markets are one of the most important components of an economy. They are the mechanism through which we allocate one of our most valuable and productive resources: human work, effort, creativity and ingenuity. Labor markets match human skills, supplied by individuals seeking to earn a living, with the demand for labor by firms, governments and households, says the Fraser Institute.
"Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States: 2011 Edition" is the seventh installment in the Fraser Institute's ongoing research to assess the performance of labor markets and explain why results differ among jurisdictions. Indicators of labor performance such as job creation, unemployment and productivity are used to assess Canadian provincial and U.S. state labor market performance.
- Alberta topped the list of Canadian provinces and U.S. states for labor market performance over the last five years.
- The U.S. states in the West and the Midwest dominated the top of the rankings: three states from the West -- Alaska, Utah and Wyoming -- and two from the Midwest -- North Dakota and South Dakota -- were among the top
- Michigan scored the lowest of any jurisdiction.
- The lowest-ranked Canadian province was Prince Edward Island, occupying the 36th position.
- Regionally, the western Canadian provinces out-performed the other provinces.
Within the United States, the Western states performed well: three of which were among the top 10. On the other hand, four of the Midwestern states (Missouri, Ohio, Indiana and Michigan) were among the bottom 12 jurisdictions (three states were tied for the 49th place), as were six Southern states (Florida, Georgia, West Virginia, South Carolina, Alabama and Mississippi), one state from the Northeast region (Rhode Island) and one state from the West (California).
Source: Amela Karabegović, Alex Gainer and Niels Veldhuis, "Measuring Labor Markets in Canada and the United States," Fraser Institute, September 2011.
Browse more articles on Economic Issues


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- Key value store
- Run on large number of commodity machines
- Data are partitioned and replicated among these machines
- Relax the data consistency requirement. (because the CAP theorem proves that you cannot get Consistency, Availability and Partitioning at the the same time)
The underlying data model can be considered as a large Hashtable (key/value store).
The basic form of API access is
- get(key) -- Extract the value given a key
- put(key, value) -- Create or Update the value given its key
- delete(key) -- Remove the key and its associated value
- execute(key, operation, parameters) -- Invoke an operation to the value (given its key) which is a special data structure (e.g. List, Set, Map.... etc).
- mapreduce(keyList, mapFunc, reduceFunc) -- Invoke a map/reduce function across a key range.
The underlying infratructure is composed of large number (hundreds or thousands) of cheap, commoditized, unreliable machines connected through a network. We call each machine a physical node (PN). Each PN has the same set of software configuration but may have varying hardware capacity in terms of CPU, memory and disk storage. Within each PN, there will be a variable number of virtual node (VN) running according to the available hardware capacity of the PN.
Data partitioning (Consistent Hashing)
Since the overall hashtable is distributed across many VNs, we need a way to map each key to the corresponding VN.
One way is to use
partition = key mod (total_VNs)
The disadvantage of this scheme is when we alter the number of VNs, then the ownership of existing keys has changed dramatically, which requires full data redistribution. Most large scale store use a "consistent hashing" technique to minimize the amount of ownership changes.
In the consistent hashing scheme, the key space is finite and lie on the circumference of a ring. The virtual node id is also allocated from the same key space. For any key, its owner node is defined as the first encountered virtual node if walking clockwise from that key. If the owner node crashes, all the key it owns will be adopted by its clockwise neighbor. Therefore, key redistribution happens only within the neighbor of the crashed node, all other nodes retains the same set of keys.
To provide high reiability from individually unreliable resource, we need to replicate the data partitions.
Replication not only improves the overall reliability of data, it also helps performance by spreading the workload across multiple replicas.
While read-only request can be dispatched to any replicas, update request is more challenging because we need to carefully co-ordinate the update which happens in these replicas.
Notice that virtual nodes can join and leave the network at any time without impacting the operation of the ring.
When a new node joins the network
- The joining node announce its presence and its id to some well known VNs or just broadcast)
- All the neighbors (left and right side) will adjust the change of key ownership as well as the change of replica memberships. This is typically done synchronously.
- The joining node starts to bulk copy data from its neighbor in parallel asynchronously.
- The membership change is asynchronously propagate to the other nodes.
Notice that other nodes may not have their membership view updated yet so they may still forward the request to the old nodes. But since these old nodes (which is the neighbor of the new joined node) has been updated (in step 2), so they will forward the request to the new joined node.
On the other hand, the new joined node may still in the process of downloading the data and not ready to serve yet. We use the vector clock (described below) to determine whether the new joined node is ready to serve the request and if not, the client can contact another replica.
When an existing node leaves the network (e.g. crash)
- The crashed node no longer respond to gossip message so its neighbors knows about it.
- The neighbor will update the membership changes and copy data asynchronously
We haven't talked about how the virtual nodes is mapped into the physical nodes. Many schemes are possible with the main goal that Virtual Node replicas should not be sitting on the same physical node. One simple scheme is to assigned Virtual node to Physical node in a random manner but check to make sure that a physical node doesn't contain replicas of the same key ranges.
Notice that since machine crashes happen at the physical node level, which has many virtual nodes runs on it. So when a single Physical node crashes, the workload (of its multiple virtual node) is scattered across many physical machines. Therefore the increased workload due to physical node crashes is evenly balanced.
Once we have multiple copies of the same data, we need to worry about how to synchronize them such that the client can has a consistent view of the data.
There is a number of client consistency models
- Strict Consistency (one copy serializability): This provides the semantics as if there is only one copy of data. Any update is observed instantaneously.
- Read your write consistency: The allows the client to see his own update immediately (and the client can switch server between requests), but not the updates made by other clients
- Session consistency: Provide the read-your-write consistency only when the client is issuing the request under the same session scope (which is usually bind to the same server)
- Monotonic Read Consistency: This provide the time monotonicity guarantee that the client will only see more updated version of the data in future requests.
- Eventual Consistency: This provides the weakness form of guarantee. The client can see an inconsistent view as the update are in progress. This model works when concurrent access of the same data is very unlikely, and the client need to wait for some time if he needs to see his previous update.
Depends on which consistency model to provide, 2 mechanisms need to be arranged...
- How the client request is dispatched to a replica
- How the replicas propagate and apply the updates
Master Slave (or Single Master) Model
Under this model, each data partition has a single master and multiple slaves. In above model, B is the master of keyAB and C, D are the slaves. All update requests has to go to the master where update is applied and then asynchronously propagated to the slaves. Notice that there is a time window of data lost if the master crashes before it propagate its update to any slaves, so some system will wait synchronously for the update to be propagated to at least one slave.
Read requests can go to any replicas if the client can tolerate some degree of data staleness. This is where the read workload is distributed among many replicas. If the client cannot tolerate staleness for certain data, it also need to go to the master.
Note that this model doesn't mean there is one particular physical node that plays the role as the master. The granularity of "mastership" happens at the virtual node level. Each physical node has some virtual nodes acts as master of some partitions while other virtual nodes acts as slaves of other partitions. Therefore, the write workload is also distributed across different physical node, although this is due to partitioning rather than replicas
When a physical node crashes, the masters of certain partitions will be lost. Usually, the most updated slave will be nominated to become the new master.
Master Slave model works very well in general when the application has a high read/write ratio. It also works very well when the update happens evenly in the key range. So it is the predominant model of data replication.
There are 2 ways how the master propagate updates to the slave; State transfer and Operation transfer. In State transfer, the master passes its latest state to the slave, which then replace its current state with the latest state. In operation transfer, the master propagate a sequence of operations to the slave which then apply the operations in its local state.
The state transfer model is more robust against message lost because as long as a latter more updated message arrives, the replica still be able to advance to the latest state.
Even in state transfer mode, we don't want to send the full object for updating other replicas because changes typically happens within a small portion of the object. In will be a waste of network bandwidth if we send the unchanged portion of the object, so we need a mechanism to detect and send just the delta (the portion that has been changed). One common approach is break the object into chunks and compute a hash tree of the object. So the replica can just compare their hash tree to figure out which chunk of the object has been changed and only send those over.
In operation transfer mode, usually much less data need to be send over the network. However, it requires a reliable message mechanism with delivery order guarantee.
Multi-Master (or No Master) Model
If there is hot spots in certain key range, and there is intensive write request, the master slave model will be unable to spread the workload evenly. Multi-master model allows updates to happen at any replica (I think call it "No-Master" is more accurate).
If any client can issue any update to any server, how do we synchronize the states such that we can retain client consistency and also eventually every replica will get to the same state? We describe a number of different approaches in following...
Quorum Based 2PC
To provide "strict consistency", we can use a traditional 2PC protocol to bring all replicas to the same state at every update. Lets say there is N replicas for a data. When the data is update, there is a "prepare" phase where the coordinator ask every replica to confirm whether each of them is ready to perform the update. Each of the replica will then write the data to a log file and when success, respond to the coordinator.
After gathering all replicas responses positively, the coordinator will initiate the second "commit" phase


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Between 1815 and 1904 the French Shore ceased to be a wholly Anglo-French issue as Newfoundland gained representative (1832) and responsible (1855) government and began to challenge France's claim to exclusive use of the shore. Settlement radiated west in the 1800s and the colony pressed its claims to a concurrent fishery. Despite numerous conventions and commissions, it was not until the Anglo-French Convention of 1904 that France ceded all fishing rights, except for an equal summer fishery and the islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. Though the French Shore disappeared, its influence is still felt in some areas, in the language, music and folk culture as well as in modern place-names.
Author JANET E.M. PITT
Links to Other Sites
Francophones of Newfoundland and Labrador
Search for or browse topics and locations at this extensively illustrated online exhibit that explores the enduring legacy of early French settlers and fishers in Newfoundland and Labrador. Features many historic images of the Placentia region. From the Virtual Museum of Canada.
The French Treaty Shore
A brief history of the French Shore in Newfoundland and Labrador. From the Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage website.
The French Shore
This website offers an extensive collection of images, naval hydrographic charts, and other archival material representing the communities which reside along the French Shore. Part of "The Rooms" website.
Check out the colourful history of the French Shore communities of Conche, Croque, Grandois/St. Julien's and Main Brook.
French Shore Interpretation Centre
Information page about the French Shore Interpretation Centre from the Museum Association of Newfoundland and Labrador.
A Celebration Year for Francophones in Newfoundland and Labrador
An article about the history of the Francophone communities in Newfoundland. From the website for the Newfoundland Quarterly.
A Survey of the French Shore
A brief report about a survey of the Baie Verte Peninsula section of the historic French Shore. From the website for the Newfoundland Historic Trust.


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Sample Type / Medical Specialty: Orthopedic
Sample Name: CT Head, Facial Bones, Cervical Spine
CT head without contrast, CT facial bones without contrast, and CT cervical spine without contrast.
(Medical Transcription Sample Report)
CT head without contrast, CT facial bones without contrast, and CT cervical spine without contrast.REASON FOR EXAM:
A 68-year-old status post fall with multifocal pain.COMPARISONS:
Sequential axial CT images were obtained from the vertex to the thoracic inlet without contrast. Additional high-resolution sagittal and/or coronal reconstructed images were obtained through the facial bones and cervical spine for better visualization of the osseous structures.INTERPRETATIONS:HEAD:
There is mild generalized atrophy. Scattered patchy foci of decreased attenuation is seen in the subcortical and periventricular white matter consistent with chronic small vessel ischemic changes. There are subtle areas of increased attenuation seen within the frontal lobes bilaterally. Given the patient's clinical presentation, these likely represent small hemorrhagic contusions. Other differential considerations include cortical calcifications, which are less likely. The brain parenchyma is otherwise normal in attenuation without evidence of mass, midline shift, hydrocephalus, extra-axial fluid, or acute infarction. The visualized paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells are clear. The bony calvarium and skull base are unremarkable.FACIAL BONES:
The osseous structures about the face are grossly intact without acute fracture or dislocation. The orbits and extra-ocular muscles are within normal limits. There is diffuse mucosal thickening in the ethmoid and right maxillary sinuses. The remaining visualized paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells are clear. Diffuse soft tissue swelling is noted about the right orbit and right facial bones without underlying fracture.CERVICAL SPINE:
There is mild generalized osteopenia. There are diffuse multilevel degenerative changes identified extending from C4-C7 with disk space narrowing, sclerosis, and marginal osteophyte formation. The remaining cervical vertebral body heights are maintained without acute fracture, dislocation, or spondylolisthesis. The central canal is grossly patent. The pedicles and posterior elements appear intact with multifocal facet degenerative changes. There is no prevertebral or paravertebral soft tissue masses identified. The atlanto-dens interval and dens are maintained.IMPRESSION:
1.Subtle areas of increased attenuation identified within the frontal lobes bilaterally suggesting small hemorrhagic contusions. There is no associated shift or mass effect at this time. Less likely, this finding could be secondary to cortical calcifications. The patient may benefit from a repeat CT scan of the head or MRI for additional evaluation if clinically indicated.
2.Atrophy and chronic small vessel ischemic changes in the brain.
3.Ethmoid and right maxillary sinus congestion and diffuse soft tissue swelling over the right side of the face without underlying fracture.
4.Osteopenia and multilevel degenerative changes in the cervical spine as described above.
5.Findings were discussed with Dr. X from the emergency department at the time of interpretation.
orthopedic, sagittal, coronal, soft tissue swelling, paranasal sinuses, mastoid air, acute fracture, maxillary sinuses, tissue swelling, underlying fracture, multilevel degenerative, ct head, soft tissue, facial bones, cervical spine, ct, facial, bones, spine, cervical,
transcribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users and
are for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.
These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;
this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have been
changed (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date or
place or anything else to real world is purely incidental.


University of Cambridge > Talks.cam > DAMTP Friday GR Seminar > Superradiant scattering by a black hole binary
Superradiant scattering by a black hole binary
I present a novel type of superradiance that arises in black hole binary spacetimes. Given the right initial conditions, a wave will undergo amplification when it scatters off the binary. This process is fuelled by the extraction of energy from the binary's orbital motion, so does not rely on the spins of the constituent black holes. Despite the inherent complexity of such a system, analytic results can be obtained in the limit where large hierarchies of scales are present; a limit for which an effective field theory (EFT) approach is ideally suited. In this talk, we will discuss how the general EFT for black holes interacting with external fields is constructed before applying it specifically to study superradiance.
This talk is part of the DAMTP Friday GR Seminar series.
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Knowledge Base - Technical Articles
Error:.ORA-06553: PLS-306: wrong number or types of arguments in call to 'SDO_AGGR_MBR
".ORA-06553: PLS-306: wrong number or types of arguments in call to 'SDO_AGGR_MBR'"
Solution or Workaround
Using a SQL client such as SQL*Plus, execute the CREATE INDEX statement. Provide a name for the spatial index, the name of the ST_Geometry column, grid sizes, and spatial reference ID.
The following example creates a spatial index named crm_idx on a table named cult_rcs, which contains an ST_Geometry named shape. One grid level is used (size=10) and the spatial reference ID is 1.
create index crm_idx on cult_rcs(shape)
indextype is sde.st_spatial_index
Once the spatial index exists, proceed with registering the table with ArcSDE using the sdetable -o register command, or altering the table's registration using the sdetable -o alter_reg command. Consult the ArcSDE Administration Command Reference provided with ArcGIS Server Enterprise for correct syntax and usage of these commands.
Last Modified: 11/25/2009


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For instance, what does 1.5 million cubic feet of water per second really mean?
Or 114,000 cfs, for that matter?
The former is what the Corps of Engineers said was flowing in the Mississippi River near the Morganza Spillway when the first of the 125 floodgates was opened.
The second number is how much water was flowing into the spillway with 16 gates open.
Let's quantify that: Imagine a cube 12 inches on each side. It would hold about 6 gallons of water and weigh about 60 pounds.
A flow of 1.5 million of those cubes a second is 9 million gallons a second. The weight of that water is about 54 million pounds.
A flow of 114,000 cfs is 684,000 gallons surging into the spillway every second, 4.1 million every minute, 246 million gallons an hour.
That flow would fill the Superdome in less than 15 minutes, the math wizards note.
A normal tanker trailer holds about 9,000 gallons, a railroad tanker 34,000 gallons.
A hour's flow through 16 gates would fill a little more than 27,000 tanker trailers or about 7,500 railroad tankers. That, by even Casey Jones' standard, is a really big train.
Through May 20, 400,000 sandbags had been distributed.
The effort to protect Krotz Springs against water slipping around the levee had used 29,000 cubic yards of dirt.
How much dirt is that?
Enough to cover a football field 13.6 feet high.
Herds of deer numbering 10 to 15 per group trying to cross U.S. 190 and other wildlife issues have required 205 game agents with 103 ATVs and two amphibious planes.
Eight bears and numerous alligators and wild turkeys have fled the spillway.
Agencies have dispensed 23,000 Meals Ready to Eat (MRE).
Editor Jim Butler can be reached at _EMAIL_.


text: There are 3 quizzes for the 47 vocabulary words taken from I AM THE MESSENGER, by Markus Zusak. The first tests knowledge of 20 words, requiring students 1) to identify whether or not a word is used correctly in context, 2)to match vocabulary words to antonyms, and 3)to fill in the blanks to complete a narrative. The second tests knowledge of 17 words, requiring students to use listed vocabulary words to complete sentences. The third tests knowledge of 10 words, requiring students to read a statement and select the listed vocabulary word that applies to that statement. These quizzes correspond to the word list/definitions and three vocabulary worksheets products also available on Teachers Pay Teachers. The answer key for the quizzes is a free download.


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Heat Treatment of High-Alloy White Cast Irons
The high-alloyed white irons are primarily used for abrasion-resistant applications and are readily cast into the parts needed in machinery for crushing, grinding, and handling of abrasive materials. This article discusses three major groups of the high-alloy white cast irons: nickel-chromium white irons, chromium-molybdenum irons, and high-chromium white irons. Mechanical properties for three white irons representing each of these three general groups are presented as bar graphs. The article also describes the various heat treatments of a martensitic microstructure, including austenitization, quenching, tempering, annealing, and stress relieving.


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Kim Ki-duk and the Cinema of Sensations
MetadataShow full item record
Despite the apparent usefulness for film analysis, the notion of "sensation" disappears in Deleuze's two Cinema books (Cinema 1: The Movement-Image and Cinema 2: The Time-Image ) published right after Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation (1981), which develops the idea of sensation. By tracing the conceptual origin of sensation from "event," "sense," and "affect," this dissertation answers the mystery of the disappearance of sensation in the Cinema books and clarifies the possibilities and limitations of using "sensation" in the analysis of film. It puts Deleuze's concepts of affect and sensation side by side with Korean director Kim Ki-duk's films so that they can initiate mutually beneficiary discussions. Among the fourteen films Kim made, Crocodile, The Isle and Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring are analyzed in detail. Each of these three films represents each stage of Kim Ki-duk's own transformation as a director, and corresponds to Deleuze's own deployment of the event into affect, sensation, and becomings. In the Cinema books, the concept of "sensation" is retained through the discussion of signs and images, but buried under the notions of the "affection-image" and the "impulse-image" because of the way "sensation" is conceptualized in Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation and because of the worry that "sensation" might be confused with the "sensational." While maintaining the conceptual thrust of event and sense, Deleuze reformulates affect and sensation in relation to movement in the Cinema books. Thus, "affect" appears when the movement decreases to a minimum, whereas sensation appears to mobilize the frozen movement. The understanding of Deleuzian usage of sensation prepares us to move beyond the conventional conceptual tools of narrative, symbolization, representation, and signification towards the flows of materials, forces and the virtual.


I am writing an web application that behaves differently depending on a url prefix. The format is something like:
The web app behaves differently based on myprefix. My web app extract that part from the URL and act on that.
However, when I test on my local, I use an localhost address:
I counldn't do something like:
What is the best way for me to test this scenario?
Many thanks
Unfortunately, because localhost is not a proper domain, you can't add a subdomain to it like that. You can, however, trick your computer into thinking it owns a specific domain and test things that way. For instance, if you have a UNIX-based operating system, open (as root) the file /etc/hosts and add a line (or lines) like this: example.com subdomain.example.com
Your computer will now treat both example.com and subdomain.example.com as belonging to itself. If you visit either in your web browser, they will work the same, in principle, as localhost, but your web server will see the correct domain in its Host header.
 - Many thanks for your answer. This is exactly what I want. However, my web app runs on a port, say 1234. I searched around and people said there is no way to specify a port number in /etc/hosts. What is the best way to specify port? – Kevin Sep 26 '13 at 9:12
 - 7
 You're going to have to just use the port in your URL as usual, e.g., _URL_ The port is entirely separate from the domain (domains are used for identifying the machine, ports are used for identifying which program on the machine to communicate with). – Matt Patenaude Sep 26 '13 at 22:31
 - Alternatively, if you can run your software as root (for testing), you can just use port 80, which is the default, so you won't have to specify one. – Matt Patenaude Sep 29 '13 at 16:54
 - 4
 One could just list the domain names after the ip address: example.com sub.example.com sub2.example.com... – automaton Jan 3 '15 at 16:10
 - 7
 This works for windows as well. The host file on windows is located at: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts. You will need to copy the file to somewhere else that has lower permissions, (like your desktop), to edit it and then paste it back into the folder (to work around the permissions). – Lindsay-Needs-Sleep Apr 4 '19 at 6:36
I'm not sure about same behaviour at windows. I'm working on linux mint.
You can use lvh.me:port as a local domain. You can imagine that your project is deployed on localhost:port on this domain.
Instead of sub.localhost:port you've to use sub.lvh.me:port
sub.localhost:port works at chrome. Firefox automatically adds www. at the beginning of entered domain that can cause problems with subdomains testing
 - I can confirm this works on Windows as well. Internet Explorer, Edge, Firefox, and Chrome browsers work flawlessly! – Jose A Apr 20 '18 at 16:59
 - I was using firefox and chrome tip saved my day, thanks! – Ezek55 Jan 31 '19 at 11:57
 - 2
 For additional flexibility, you could also use the services nio.io or xip.io. They allow to map any IP address to any subdomain. So e.g. your colleagues could also use the same URL to access your app. E.g. if your workstation's IP address is, you could use _URL_. from your PC or from other PCs in your intranet. – mh8020 Jul 9 '19 at 19:39
For Windows users, based on this answer and per this comment, you can achieve this by adding ports to localhost via the hosts file that resides at this path:
And append lines like the following to it: example.com subdomain.example.com
You should be using the.test domain for things like that. That is what.test is for. localhost is not supposed to have any subdomains.
To do so violates the approved RFC standards. localhost has an A record and in IPv6 environments, an AAAA record. All other DNS record types, including SOA are forbidden.
Without an SOA record, it cannot be a zone apex that has sub-records, so no subdomains nor delegations are permitted. Even the recent RFC draft titled Let localhost be localhost is consistent with this.
One-Line Solution for Windows
Open PowerShell as Administrator and run the following command, replacing sub.mydomain.com with whatever you want.
"'n127.0.0.1 sub.mydomain.com" | Out-File C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts -encoding ASCII -append
 - 'n - newline
 - - loopback address
 - sub.mydomain.com - domain name
 - | Out-File C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts - pipe the string to the hosts
 - -encoding ASCII - correct encoding
 - -append - append to end of file (important!)
Your Answer


Jan Lokpal Bill: Have We Accomplished Anything So Far? by Dr. Gopal Singh SignUp
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Jan Lokpal Bill: Have We Accomplished Anything So Far?
by Dr. Gopal Singh Bookmark and Share
A lot has gone on during the past 100 days on the subject of drafting a meaningful Jan Lokpal Bill capable of tackling the corruption choking our nation every day. The net outcome so far is hardly a surprise. So, was this a meaningless exercise in futility? Why did we go through all this at all?
How can a government, neck deep in corruption, agree to draft a strong anti-corruption bill? How can a system corrupt within itself, cure itself by itself?
If we examine it carefully, we find that it has been a very meaningful endeavor on part of the civil society and the country:
 1. The country has been galvanized on this issue over the past 100 days. Corruption has been a major problem for all of us for decades but we felt mostly helpless in tackling it and besides engaging in idle talks about it, did nothing to address the issue directly. Team Anna gave us an effective alternative to deal with it.
 2. This was by far one of the most hotly debated draft of a bill in our post independence history. A significant portion of the population became aware of the term Lokpal and its purpose. A vast number of people became aware of all the pros and cons of both drafts.
 3. The government was put in the focus and could not quietly pass another bill to create yet another toothless agency to "fight corruption" to pacify the public discontent.
 4. The civil society and its members, by and large handled themselves very well. They posted the meeting minutes regularly, solicited public inputs, expressed their discontent with the attitude of the government panel of ministers not willing to address the real issues of creating an effective Lokpal Bill. They also handled effectively the smear campaign against them by the government and the UPA. They stayed away from any political, communal or sectarian alliances. Baba Ramdev's movement was a distraction as it happened during the same time frame, but Anna and the team kept their relationship at arm's length without compromising their approach. Their tactical decision to boycott one of the meetings was effective in raising the exposure to the public about the underhanded government approach of agreeing with minor issues to kill time and then taking unsubstantiated dictatorial stand against all the key issues.
 5. The decision to participate in all the meetings till June 30 even though the differences were glaring and uncompromising in nature was appropriate. This only further highlighted the fallacy in the government's positions.
 6. The classic political moves by the government to pacify legitimate public outrage against corruption did not work. The plan was to readily agree to the civil society demands to defuse a volatile situation and then slowly kill the movement by smearing the reputation of the opponents and confusing the public by offering a series of convoluted and misleading arguments and counter-arguments. The prevailing logic to drag it out long enough until the public loses its interest did not work.
 7. The government's position became crystallized. They had no plans to be specific on key issues but were left with no choice but to take positions. Their current position further reinforces their disingenuous actions and those of the other governments in the past in keeping the Lokpal Bill in a perpetual coma.
 8. Several fundamental issues were brought to light and tested. Do the citizens in a democratic country have the fundamental right to voice their discontent about the actions and practices followed by their government in a peaceful manner? Can they hold peaceful rallies? Can they go on peaceful fasts to protest against these actions and practices? These are in focus right now and will be repeatedly tested in the future.
To be certain, there are questions that can be raised about the civil society Jan Lokpal Bill as well. It is not a panacea to solve all our corruption problems. But then again if we wait for a panacea we may never get any relief at all. The biggest point in favor of the Jan Lokpal Bill is that it appears to be a genuine attempt to control the corruption rampant in our country. If the government was willing to start with a similar premise and participate in the drafting process then real tactical, procedural and legal improvements could have been made to refine it and make it even more acceptable.
For instance, it stands to reason that the institutions of the Lokpal, Lokayukta, CBI, CVC, Election Commission, Human Rights Commission and still a few others could be brought directly under the President (an elected public servant) and thereby made to operate independent of the government. This could be done with certain minor amendments in the constitution. This point has been brought out repeatedly in the past by another prominent contributor to this forum.
The basic question still remains: How can a government, neck deep in corruption, agree to draft a strong anti-corruption bill? How can a system corrupt within itself, cure itself by itself? It has earned itself a position between a rock and a hard spot. There are no good choices left for it. If it agrees to draft an effective Lokpal Bill, it signs on a document of its own demise. If it wiggles, hedges and tries to politically diffuse the corruption issue, at this juncture it can only buy some more time. The eventual demise is only postponed for a while. The issue at this point is too hot and crystallized to diffuse and disappear in the near future.
Perhaps this is the single most effective accomplishment achieved thus far by the civil society movement. They have brought the issue to the front burner and forced the government to take positions on it. They have succeeded in getting the people involved. Our democracy is beginning to mature. The game is not over yet. We are in a half-time recess. The second half is yet to be played. The civil society may appear to be behind in score at this point, but do not count it out by any means. As they say; It ain't over until it is OVER.
Meanwhile, we cannot stand on the sidelines as the spectators. We have to get involved. If we are already involved, then get more involved to support this movement. Do not forget: We are the Players!
More by : Dr. Gopal Singh
Views: 3070
Article Comment The is fear in certain sections of the society that civil society members want all the powers of elected representatives without actually going through the election process. This cannot be called fair in a democracy. Politicians are corrupt and so are many Indians. Politicians do not come from heaven. They come from the society, which shapes them. We just cannot play with the form of democracy in our country. While there is instability in a large part of the world, we are sailing smoothly. The virtues of a system begin to surface once the system is broken but then, it gets too late. India does not need a revolution; it needs evolution. All of us need to become more sincere, honest and hard-working. The PM does not tell the peon in the collectorate to take bribe and then carry the file. brLook at the way RTI has gone into the hands of black-mailers who take money and then withdraw applications. All the negative, jealous forces are using RTI to trouble people, settle scores and get money. brOnce the quality of people gets poor, no system works.
Prof. Shubha Tiwari
Article Comment the jan lokpal bill is only a beginning.it is not the panacea against corruption,but may check it to an extent of 50 - 60%.let the process against corruption start,let us not abort this process because a tipping point has been reached when an average indian will not tolerate the corrupt,their supporters,their coterie,the elite and those whose cosy network with the powers that be which would be disrupted if the lokpal bill saw the light of day,-hijack their very basis for a better life.the old corrupt guard and their apologists have to make way for the young,new india which is yearning to be corruption free.the youth of india is a tsunami which will drown these old corrupt fogies and their ilk.the youth will not be denied-not this time.the nac draft is politically motivated and an insult to honest indians.
Article Comment Prof Tiwari, In my most recent article in this forum titled What is a Civil Society?, I have offered my views on some of your comments. Thank you.
dr. gopal singh
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Convert Slug to Pound (slug to lb)
In next fields, kindly type your value in the text box under title [ From: ] to convert from slug to pound (slug to lb). As you type your value, the answer will be automatically calculated and displayed in the text box under title [ To: ].
Slug (abbreviations: ps2pf, or lb.s2/ft): is a unit of mass in the weight-based system of measures, especially within the British Imperial measurement system and in the United States customary measures system. Systems of measure either define mass and derive weights or define a base weight and derive a mass unit. It is the mass that is accelerated by 1 ft/s2 when a force of one pound (lbf) is applied on it.
How to Convert Slugs to Pounds
Example: How many pounds are equivalent to 12.26 slugs?
1 slugs = 32.17 pounds
12.26 slugs = Y pounds
Y equals 12.26 times 32.17 over 1
(i.e.) Y = 12.26 * 32.17 / 1 = _PHONE_ pounds
Answer is: _PHONE_ pounds are equivalent to 12.26 slugs.
Practice Question: Convert the following units into lb:
( i ) 35.99 slug
( ii ) 9.84 slug
( iii ) 2.43 slug
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text:
Research Article - Biomedical Research (2017) Volume 28, Issue 15
Changes in the size of breast lesions during menstrual cycle observed by ultrasound: An initial study
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate changes in size of breast lesions during menstrual phases.
Material and Methods: In this prospective study, 46 women aged 18-35 years old who were referred to our radiology clinic for breast sonography and had cystic or solid breast lesions larger than 5 mm were enrolled to the study. Breast ultrasound (US) was performed at two different times; one within 5 days before and one within 5 days after menstrual bleeding. Anteroposterior and transverse length of the lesions were measured.
Results: In total, 145 breast lesions were detected by US. Of these lesions, 6 were visualized in premenstrual phase but were not observed in postmenstrual phase. 6 lesions different were not visualized in premenstrual, but were detected in postmenstrual phase. One hundred and twenty-three lesions were visualized by US both in luteal and follicular phases.
Conclusions: Timing of breast US might cause false results and unnecessary further investigations. Therefore, we suggest that breast US in women should be performed in follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.Author(s): Emine Dagistan, Arzu Canan, Siddika Halicioglu, Zeliha Cosgun, Safiye Gurel


Testing Release Management in the Cloud
Bringing Virtualization to Network Monitoring and Analysis
While virtualization has been used to improve service efficiency, single-server implementations still dominate the network monitoring and analysis infrastructure. In many cases, this is because the network monitoring and analysis appliance require all of the processing power that they can get. There are opportunities to consolidate appliances, however, especially as servers and server CPUs increase performance on a yearly basis.
Solutions are now available to allow for multiple network monitoring and analysis applications to be hosted on the same physical server. If all of the applications are based on the same operating system, intelligent network adapters have the ability to ensure that data is shared between these applications, which often need to analyze the same data at the same time but for different purposes.
For situations where the applications are based on different operating systems, though, virtualization can be used to consolidate them onto a single physical server. Demonstrations have shown that up to thirty-two applications can be consolidated by using virtualization.
Cloud service providers can further improve service efficiency by pursuing opportunities for consolidation of network monitoring and analysis appliances.
AgileConnection is a TechWell community.


text:
Background: Optical reflection loss can be reduced more than 30% when multilayers
ARC are deposited on the optoelectronic devices surface. Besides that, sub-wavelength structures,
which have a period sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of light, have been introduced as an
antireflection layer to offer a new possibility to suppress the Fresnel reflection. Normally, e-bean and
nano-imprint lithography techniques are used to create nano-scale etch mask patterns. Metallic
nanoparticles, which can be formed by a thermal dewetting process of metal thin film without any
nanolithography techniques, can be utilized as an etch mask for the nano structure fabrications. The
nano-patterned structures were fabricated on a silicon nitride passivation layer of a GaInP/GaAs/Ge
triple-junction solar cell and showed an enhancement of its performance due to improved optical
transmission and current matching.
Objective: Investigate the influences of InGaP nano-pattern structures on the optical characteristics
and applied for compound solar cells.
Methods: In this report, disordered InGaP nano-pattern structures were formed by thermally dewetted
Au nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching processes. The effects of the InGaP nano-patterned
structure on the optical reflection characteristics were investigated.
Results: The result indicated that the InGaP nano-patterned structure can reduce the optical reflection
in a wide range of wavelengths and, thus, can work as an antireflection layer. The InGaP nanostructure
can improve up to 14.8% in the short circuit current density compared to that of the planar cell.
Conclusion: The InGaP nano structures have been successfully fabricated by thermal dewetted Au
nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching methods. The fabricated Au nanoparticles pattern was
found to be the best when annealing temperature is 400°C for 30 minutes with the 5nm thick of Au
film. By controlling dry etching time, the height of InGaP nanostructures can be varied from 95 nm
to 150 nm. With the increasing of the height, the optical reflectance can be down to 22%. The InGaP
nanostructure with the height of 150 nm was also introduced to the window layer of a single junction
GaAs soar cell. The result indicated that the InGaP nanostructure only affects on the short circuit


text:
New Standard Gets to Core of Axis Length
Technicians drill concrete-core samples from structures to find in-place physical properties such as strength, density, cracks, and deterioration.
On Aug. 10, ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates approved new ASTM C 1542/C 1542M, Standard Test Method for Measuring Length of Concrete Cores. The standard provides two procedures that measure a core along its axis to determine its length, used in:
Absorption, density, and voids analysis;
Cement-content analysis; and
A task group of ASTM Subcommittee C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests developed the standard. Subcommittee chair Howard (Buck) Barker, PE, a construction materials engineer with RVT Engineering Services, LLC, Wausau, Wis., says the new standard can be used to measure any core along its axis, and explains why its important. The primary (most frequent) use will be calculating compressive strength to investigate the current condition of a structure or to evaluate low strength test results (by American Concrete Institute 318-02 Section 5.6) from compression tests of 6 x 12 cylinders, he says.
Having ASTM C 1542 closes the legal gap that existed and formerly raised questions regarding how compression test specimens (cores) were measured, he continues. In addition, tests that require a volume to be determined now have an accurate way to obtain length, one of the important three dimensions needed for that calculation. It may even be a simple way for companies who drill to obtain core samples to accurately get paid, since many are paid by the inch or by feet of drilling (or some unit of length).
The task group developed new Standard ASTM C 1542/C 1542M to dispel the confusion caused by misunderstood applications of ASTM C 174, Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores, says Barker. The new standard determines core length but not concrete dimensional tolerances or structural-element thickness often used to establish compliance with design specifications as outlined by ASTM Test Method C 174.
He offers a little history. ASTM C 174, [which] was written during World War II to measure the thickness of airport runways used for military purposes, also measures cores, he says. That method measures the distance between two parallel surfaces (i.e., the ends of the core) regardless of how crooked or out-of-square the ends are from the axis of the core. It has been confused as a method to measure the length of the core along its axis. Technicians performing certain tests such as ASTM C 42, [Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete] needed to know how to measure the length of a core along its axis to perform the calculations necessary to measure compressive strength using ASTM C 39, [Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens] but no method was available until ASTM C 1542.
Members of Subcommittee C09.69, such as engineers specializing in cement and concrete, a petrographer, a chemist, and others developed the standard to provide uniformity in the method used to measure the length of a core, Barker concludes. This will result in greater accuracy in all the other test procedures where measuring the length of a core is required.
For further technical information, contact Howard Buck Barker, PE (phone: 715/_PHONE_). Committee C09 meets June 15-18 in Denver, Colo. For membership or meeting details, contact Jim Olshefsky, director, Committee Services, ASTM International (phone: 610/_PHONE_).
Copyright 2003, ASTM


text:
A negative obstacle, is an obstacle of nothing. A hole in the ground, that is not safe to pass, but presents no physical barrier for sensors to detect. It is a particular problem for augmented reality AI pathfinding, for virtual reality pathfinding when the AI has no access to a pre-made heightmap, and for unmanned ground vehicles of all kinds.
Below, we offer a selection of links from our resource databases which may match this term.
Related Dictionary Entries for Negative Obstacle:
Resources in our database matching the Term Negative Obstacle:
Results by page
Debuted at CES 2009, mind flex is a Mattel thought controlled child's toy. Brainwaves are read to spin a fan faster or slower, to allow a ping-pong ball to navigate an obstacle course.
An augmented reality exercise for the London Olympics - connect the lights of the London Eye up to twitter, and scan all the feeds simultaneously for mentions of them. Positive toned comments light bulbs. Negative toned comments turn bulbs off.
Industry News containing the Term Negative Obstacle:
Results by page
Psychologists Mante S. Nieuwland and Gina R. Kuperberg from Tufts University investigated how different types of negative statements are processed in the brain. In this study, the researchers measured event related potential responses (ERPs...
Bad reviews affect the stock price of the companies making those products, causing negative returns of as much as 8 percent, which could accumulate and spiral if the negative reviews aren't addressed, said Gerard J. Tellis, the Jerry and N...
A group of scientists led by researchers from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) has engineered a type of artificial optical material -- a metamaterial -- with a particular three-dimensional structure such that light exhibits...
Australian National University scientists have successfully bent light beams around an object on a two dimensional metal surface, opening the door to faster and cheaper computer chips working with light.
The international tea...
Plastic that conducts electricity holds promise for cheaper, thinner and more flexible electronics. This technology is already available in some gadgets -- the new Sony walkman that was introduced earlier this summer and the Microsoft Zune...


text:
Data from the Met Office shows how rainfall was less than half the long term average for March, prompting hosepipe bans which were announced on 12 April.
The droughts were compounded by a lack of rainfall over previous years, leading to empty reservoirs and lower river flows.
April then saw a nearly twice the expected rainfall for that month compared to average rainfall from 1971 to 2000.
The hosepipe bans were lifted on 9 July, fewer than 90 days since they were put in place.
To illustrate the change, compare these two graphics provided by the Met Office.
Here is rainfall in March 2012, with some areas seeing less than a fifth of the expected rain...
...compared to rainfall three months later in June 2012, with most of the country experiencing more than twice the expected rainfall.


text:
Trees are the largest plants in Terraria, appearing only at the surface and often in clusters with similar height. Trees can be chopped down with an axe or explosives. Destroying or chopping a tree will yield many units of wood, an essential crafting material, and give a chance of dropping one or more acorns that can be planted to grow more trees. Larger trees will yield more of these two materials when removed.
It is possible to cut off parts of the tree, but cutting at the lowermost center tile will destroy the entire tree. If parts of the tree are left, they will not regrow. A faster but more dangerous alternative to cutting down trees is placing a bucket of lava at the very base and picking it back up immediately. Another way is placing around some Bombs between two or three trees.
Tiles beneath trees cannot be destroyed while the tree stands.
The amount of wood and acorns obtained from a tree depends on its size. One unit of wood will drop for each block of tree (including branches). One acorn will drop for each leaf patch, excluding the top patch of leaves.
 Trees as obstacles
Trees are background objects that do not affect player or monster movement.
Trees cannot be climbed or scaled with items such as a grappling hook, nor can blocks of dirt or other walk-on surfaces be placed to overlap their limbs or foliage. It can sometimes be necessary to chop down a tree that is next to a cavern entrance or cliff in the early game in order to replace it with a ladder of blocks that will allow scaling of the steep surface; this becomes unnecessary when the player obtains a grappling hook or other item that allows improved jumping or flying.
Trees must be removed when building houses that overlap the space they cover or when digging up from underground to exit to the surface.
 Growing conditions
Planting an acorn in grass will create a Sapling that will eventually grow into a tree of a random size and shape. Saplings can only grow under the following conditions:
- A planted acorn can only be planted on a dirt block covered with grass or hallow grass, or on snow.
- The acorn requires two spaces of open ground to either side. A raised tile will block growth, but a lower tile will not, if it is the second tile away.
- There must be at least two open tiles between saplings or only one will grow into a tree.
- The acorn requires at least 16 tiles of vertical clearance to grow into a tree.
- The tree must be at least two squares away from block walls on either side, to allow room for the branches and tree top to grow.
- An acorn will not grow indoors - all background walls or overhanging ledges must be removed, and if you have a ceiling it must be at least 32 feet above the block where the acorn was planted as measured by a depth meter (e.g, if you are planting an acorn at 321 feet above, there may only be blocks at 353 feet or higher directly above it in order for it to grow into a tree).
- Acorns will not grow in the presence of torches, wood platforms or sunflowers within its 2-block radius.
- Saplings must be off-screen in order to become trees. They will not grow when currently in view, unlike most other plants which can spawn while you watch.
Saplings can be destroyed with a Pickaxe.
 Corrupt trees
Corrupt trees are purple trees only found where there is Corruption. They behave like normal trees, dropping regular wood but no acorns. Normal trees become corrupted if corruption reaches them. It is possible to convert them into normal trees again by using Purification Powder on them.
Corrupt trees can't be planted, however it is possible to clean a little spot of Corruption, plant and grow a normal tree, then let Corruption spread again. This should be done with care, since saplings are destroyed if they are reached by Corruption.
 Jungle trees
Jungle trees are darker green, wider trees only found in the jungle. They spawn randomly on jungle grass wide enough for a tree to grow on, and may also spawn under water. Jungle trees drop wood like normal trees do, but like corrupt trees will not drop any acorns. Jungle trees also grow higher than normal trees: up to 21 blocks.
In hardmode, Corruption spreads through mud, replacing it with dirt, and jungle trees turn into corrupt trees. Sadly, because cleaning Corruption will turn a corrupt tree into a normal tree, jungle trees are lost forever when they become corrupt.
 Hallow trees
Trees found in the Hallow have a taller and triangle-shaped foliage, and exist in many different colors: blue, red, light green, cyan, magenta, yellow and purple. Normal trees turn into hallow trees when the Hallow reaches them. Unlike jungle trees, hallow trees can be planted, and drop acorns when chopped down.
 Snowy trees
Lava will instantly destroy trees.
- 1.1.1: Snowy trees introduced.
- Trees grow 1 block higher and jungle trees grow another 5 blocks higher.
- Hallow trees introduced.
- Tall grass and flowers no longer obstruct tree growth, making trimming the grass unnecessary.
- Acorn saplings require 2 tiles between saplings to grow instead of 3.
- 1.0.5: Corrupt and Jungle trees no longer drop acorns.
- 1.0.4: Jungle trees added.
- 1.0.3: Trees become corrupt when corruption reaches them instead of being destroyed. And the new corrupt trees become un-corrupted upon purification.
- Pre-Release: Introduced.


8. No absolute property in wild animals.
There is no absolute property in wild animals while living, and they are not goods or chattels1. There may, however, be what is known as a qualified property in them, either:
 (1) per industriam2;
 (2) ratione impotentiae et loci3; or
 (3) ratione soli and ratione privilegii4.
This qualified property is defeasible, for if the animal has no intention to return, but resumes its wildness and is at large again and not under pursuit, it is free and may be taken by another person


text:
Curing is defined as maintaining a satisfactory moisture content and temperature in concrete during its early stages to develop desired properties. These properties include strength and permeability, plus resistance to scaling, abrasion, sulfate attack, carbonation, and alkali-aggregate reactions (ASR). The type of curing materials used on projects is critical to the proper performance of the final product.
The Standard Practice for Curing Concrete (ACI 308) lists several methods by which adequate curing can be achieved:
ACI 308 also lists several non-water curing methods such as application of application of plastic film, reinforced paper, and liquid membrane-forming compounds.
Water Curing Specifications
TxDOT specifications for water curing allows the use of wet cotton mats, ponding or spraying. If the air temperature is expected to be below 40 degrees Fahrenheit, polyethylene sheeting (in conjunction with other insulated mats), burlap-polyethylene blankets, laminated mats, or insulated curing mats are required, as well.
These products should not be used in warm weather as they can artificially raise the concrete temperature and cause damage to the concrete. Black plastic should not be used to replace clear or opaque white polyethylene sheeting if the air temperature during the curing period will exceed 60 degrees Fahrenheit.


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History & Background
The decade of the 90's may be remembered as the Decade of Quality in the electronics industry. Increased competition, six-sigma quality, and ISO 9000 have forced a recommitment to quality even in those companies that might not have done so willingly. As we examine our environments for quality improvement areas, electrostatic discharge (ESD) remains a key target.
Static electricity has been an industrial problem for centuries. As early as the 1400's, European and Caribbean forts were using static control procedures and devices to prevent electrostatic discharge ignition of black powder stores. By the 1860's, paper mills throughout the U.S. employed basic grounding, flame ionization techniques, and steam drums to dissipate static electricity from the paper web as it traveled through the drying process. The age of electronics brought with it new problems associated with static electricity and electrostatic discharge. And, as electronic devices became faster and smaller, their sensitivity to ESD increased.
Today, ESD impacts productivity and product reliability in virtually every aspect of today's electronics environment. Many aspects of electrostatic control in the electronics industry also apply in other industries such as clean room applications and graphic arts.
Despite a great deal of effort during the past decade, ESD still affects production yields, manufacturing costs, product quality, product reliability, and profitability. Industry experts have estimated average product losses due to static to range from 8-33% 1 (Table 1). Others estimate the actual cost of ESD damage to the electronics industry as running into the billions of dollars 2 annually. The cost of damaged devices themselves range from only a few cents for a simple diode to several hundred dollars for complex hybrids. When associated costs of repair and rework, shipping, labor, and overhead are included, clearly the opportunities exist for significant improvements.
This first in a series of six articles on ESD focuses on how electrostatic charge and discharge occur, how various materials affect the level of charge, types of ESD damage, and how ESD events can damage electronic components. Future articles will cover various ways to control the problem.
Static Electricity: Creating Charge
Static electricity is defined as an electrical charge caused by an imbalance of electrons on the surface of a material. This imbalance of electrons produces an electric field that can be measured and that can influence other objects at a distance. Electrostatic discharge is defined as the transfer of charge between bodies at different electrical potentials.
Electrostatic discharge can change the electrical characteristics of a semiconductor device, degrading or destroying it. Electrostatic discharge also may upset the normal operation of an electronic system, causing equipment malfunction or failure. Another problem caused by static electricity occurs in clean rooms. Charged surfaces can attract and hold contaminants, making removal from the environment difficult. When attracted to the surface of a silicon wafer or a device's electrical circuitry, these particulates can cause random wafer defects and reduce product yields.
Controlling electrostatic discharge begins with understanding how electrostatic charge occurs in the first place. Electrostatic charge is most commonly created by the contact and separation of two similar or dissimilar materials. For example, a person walking across the floor generates static electricity as shoe soles contact and then separate from the floor surface. An electronic device sliding into or out of a bag, magazine or tube generates an electrostatic charge as the device's case and/or metal leads make multiple contacts and separations with the surface of the container. While the magnitude of electrostatic charge may be different in these examples, static electricity is indeed generated.
Creating electrostatic charge by contact and separation of materials is known as "triboelectric charging." It involves the transfer of electrons between materials. The atoms of a material with no static charge have an equal number of positive (+) protons in their nucleus and negative (-) electrons orbiting the nucleus. In Figure 1, Material "A" consists of atoms with equal numbers of protons and electrons. Material B also consists of atoms with equal (though perhaps different) numbers of protons and electrons. Both materials are electrically neutral.
When the two materials are placed in contact and then separated, negatively charged electrons are transferred from the surface of one material to the surface of the other material. Which material loses electrons and which gains electrons will depend on the nature of the two materials. The material that loses electrons becomes positively charged, while the material that gains electrons is negatively charged. This is shown in Figure 2.
The actual level of charge is measured in coulombs. Commonly, however, we speak of the electrostatic potential on an object, which is expressed as voltage.
This process of material contact, electron transfer and separation is really a more complex mechanism than described here. The amount of charge created by triboelectric charging is affected by the area of contact, the speed of separation, relative humidity, and other factors. Once the charge is created on a material, it becomes an "electrostatic" charge (if it remains on the material). This charge may be transferred from the material, creating an electrostatic discharge, or ESD, event.
An electrostatic charge also may be created on a material in other ways such as by induction, ion bombardment, or contact with another charged object. However, triboelectric charging is the most common.
Material Characteristics-How They Affect Static Charge
Virtually all materials, including water and dirt particles in the air, can be triboelectrically charged. How much charge is generated, where that charge goes, and how quickly, are functions of the materials' electrical characteristics.
A material that prevents or limits the flow of electrons across its surface or through its volume is called an insulator. Insulators have an extremely high electrical resistance. A considerable amount of charge can be generated on the surface of an insulator. Because an insulative material does not readily allow the flow of electrons, both positive and negative charges can reside on insulative surface at the same time, although at different locations. The excess electrons at the negatively charged spot might be sufficient to satisfy the absence of electrons at the positively charged spot. However, electrons cannot easily flow across the insulative material's surface, and both charges may remain in place for a very long time.
A conductive material, because it has low electrical resistance, allows electrons to flow easily across its surface or through its volume. When a conductive material becomes charged, the charge (i.e., the deficiency or excess of electrons) will be uniformly distributed across the surface of the material. If the charged conductive material makes contact with another conductive material, the electrons will transfer between the materials quite easily. If the second conductor is attached to an earth grounding point, the electrons will flow to ground and the excess charge on the conductor will be "neutralized."
Electrostatic charge can be created triboelectrically on conductors the same way it is created on insulators. As long as the conductor is isolated from other conductors or ground, the static charge will remain on the conductor. If the conductor is grounded the charge will easily go to ground. Or, if the charged conductor contacts or nears another conductor, the charge will flow between the two conductors.
Static Dissipative Materials
Static dissipative materials have electrical resistance between insulative and conductive materials. There can be electron flow across or through the dissipative material, but it is controlled by the surface resistance or volume resistance of the material.
As with the other two types of materials, charge can be generated triboelectrically on a static dissipative material. However, like the conductive material, the static dissipative material will allow the transfer of charge to ground or other conductive objects. The transfer of charge from a static dissipative material will generally take longer than from a conductive material of equivalent size. Charge transfers from static dissipative materials are significantly faster than from insulators, and slower than from conductors.
When two materials contact and separate, the polarity and magnitude of the charge are indicated by the materials' positions in the triboelectric series. The triboelectric simply lists materials according to their relative triboelectric charging characteristics. When two materials contact and separate, the one nearer the top of the series takes on a positive charge, the other a negative charge. Materials further apart on the table typically generate a higher charge than ones closer together. See Table 3.
ESD Damage-How Devices Fail
Electrostatic damage to electronic devices can occur at any point from manufacture to field service. Damage results from handling the devices in uncontrolled surroundings or when poor ESD control practices are used. Generally damage is classified as either a catastrophic failure or a latent defect.
When an electronic device is exposed to an ESD event it may no longer function. The ESD event may have caused a metal melt, junction breakdown, or oxide failure. The device's circuitry is permanently damaged causing the device fail. Such failures usually can be detected when the device is tested before shipment. If the ESD event occurs after test, the damage will go undetected until the device fails in operation.
A latent defect, on the other hand, is more difficult to identify. A device that is exposed to an ESD event may be partially degraded, yet continue to perform its intended function. However, the operating life of the device may be reduced dramatically. A product or system incorporating devices with latent defects may experience premature failure after the user places them in service. Such failures are usually costly to repair and in some applications may create personnel hazards.
It is relatively easy with the proper equipment to confirm that a device has experienced catastrophic failure. Basic performance tests will substantiate device damage. However, latent defects are extremely difficult to prove or detect using current technology, especially after the device is assembled into a finished product.
Basic ESD Events--What Causes Electronic Devices to Fail?
ESD damage is


_USER_ {Meister2012, title = {When can we use KinectFusion for ground truth acquisition?}, journal = {Proc Workshop on \ldots}, year = {2012}, pages = {3{\textendash}8}, abstract = {Abstract{\textemdash}KinectFusion is a method for real-time capture of dense 3D geometry of the physical environment using a depth sensor. The system allows capture of a large dataset of 3D scene reconstructions at very low cost. In this paper we discuss the properties of the...$\backslash$n}, url = {_URL_ _URL_ author = {Meister, Stephan and Izadi, Shahram and Kohli, Pushmeet and M H{\"a}mmerle} }


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STARTER: Listen to Gabe read his writing for his personal philosophy project last year, in combination with his painting shown to the left and contemplate the beautiful work represented by his ideas and artwork!
TODAY'S GOAL: Hone your Personal Philosophy project idea(s). You must complete the proposal by Wednesday AND have your visual piece IDEA critiqued by a classmate before you begin implementing it. Follow these steps today...
Step 1: Review the project proposal guidelines (last page of this document!)
Step 2: Continue to brainstorm ideas IF needed (see yesterday's brainstorm free-for-all directions)
Step 3: Begin working on your project proposal
Step 4: CRITIQUEFind a group of 3-4 students and on the whiteboard, write your critique group members' names. Then, write which day each person will get their project idea critiqued (either today or tomorrow). THEN, get to critiquing using these critique guidelines:
1. Get into groups of 3-4
2. Explain your project to the critiquers
3. As a group, discuss the following four prompts:
Step 5: Refine your proposal, Submit, Conference with Ashley!
Step 6: Begin Creating your BEAUTIFUL project!!
Humanities 11 Teacher at Animas High School


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HTML::Fraction - Encode fractions as HTML entities
my $fraction = HTML::Fraction->new; print $fraction->tweak($html);
The HTML::Fraction encodes fractions as HTML entities. Some very common fractions have HTML entities (eg
½). Additionally, common vulgar fractions have Unicode characters (eg
⅕). This module takes a string and encodes fractions as entities: this means that it will look pretty in the browser.
Fractions that are supported:
1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 0/3, 1/3, 2/3, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, 1/6, 5/6, 1/7, 1/8, 3/8, 5/8, 7/8, 1/9, 1/10
Fractions may be in the string in the form numerator slash denominator (
1/5) or in decimal form (
0.5). Numbers must be equal to the fraction to two decimal places. This module supports converting whole and fractional decimal numbers (e.g.
For sanity the decimal
0 will not be turned into the unicode for
The constructor takes no arguments:
my $fraction = HTML::Fraction->new;
Encode the fractions in the HTML as HTML entities:
Encode the fractions that are in the form "1/3" or "5/6" in the HTML as HTML entities, but not decimal fractions of the form "0.5".
Encode the fractions that are in the form "0.5" or "0.5" in the HTML as HTML entities, but not fractions of the form "1/2" or "1/3".
. Mark Fowler
 added some code, and probably some bugs.
Copyright (C) 2005, 2012 Leon Brocard
This module is free software; you can redistribute it or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
We don't perform normalisation of the denominator and numerator so "4/6" is not converted like
2/3 is. This is intentional.
2.25 doesn't render to the same thing as
2 1/2 (the latter has a space between the digit 2 and the fraction.)
1/7 doesn't represent as a reoccuring pattern of digits in decimal therefore we don't check that digits after
0._PHONE_ are correct, and assume that they are.


Create a Waterfall Chart in Engage
Video not loading? Try it on Youtube
What is a Waterfall Chart?
The waterfall chart shows how an initial value is affected by a series of intermediate positive or negative values to arrive at a final value.
Imagine that you're trying to show the different positive and negative components which result in company profit like in the table below.
The waterfall chart makes it easy for your audience to visualize and interpret the different components and their effect on the total value.
With the waterfall chart above, people can see both the breakdown and impact that product revenue, service revenue, fixed costs and variable costs have on profit.
We can also add additional details by adding columns or stacks like in the example below where we show the breakdown of variable costs.
 Still can't find your answer? Email us


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The Welios Science Center is located in the Wels' Volksgarten park, where it bridges the gap between the historic city center and the expo center.
The Welios Science Center is located in the Wels' Volksgarten park, where it bridges the gap between the historic city center and the expo center. Conceived as a giant X, the project offers flexible exhibition spaces and a deep cleft in the center draws natural light inside. The exterior is clad in a shimmering white metal screen that is inlaid with zigzagging LED lights. These low-energy lights are computer-programmed to change colors, creating a dynamic facade. The science center opens directly into a public garden and the fairgrounds, which serve as an extension of the center for outdoor festivals and exhibits.
Students, children and adults can wander around the museum while engaging with the exhibits to learn about renewable energy and energy efficiency. They can also learn important lessons from the building itself, which was built to minimize energy use and generate some of its own power from the sun. Geothermal ground source heat pumps along with radiant floor heating provide low-energy climate control. High-performance insulation and an automatic control monitoring system further reduce energy use inside the building. The metal shade screen on the building's facade allows some light to filter into the interior, but minimizes solar heat gain while serving as a rain screen and encouraging natural ventilation around the building.
Waterless urinals and toilets flushed with non-potable water minimize water usage. Meanwhile a 20 kW photovoltaic system is installed in the facade, in photovoltaic glass, and on the roof. This system supplies 15,000 kWh of electricity per year, which is enough to power three single-family homes. Hot water is produced by a 20 m² solar thermal plant, and a large evacuated tube solar collector provides solar district heating.
+ Welios Science Center
+ Archinauten / Dworschak + Mühlbachler Zt-Gmbh Architekten
Images ©Dietmar Tolerian and Welios


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Back when I was a Biology teacher one of my favourite lessons was to teach food chains, it gave us a really great opportunity to look at how the different animals in an environment work together and interact. I find it interesting that throughout the UK curriculum from year 2 food chains is a topic that appears regularly. With this week's theme for early elementary bloggers being Polar Animals and following on from the sharing activity we did yesterday with my youngest it seemed an ideal time to introduce food chains and look at the polar bear food chain.
- Can explain a simple food chain.
- Can name some different sources of food for animals.
- Can use food chains to identify producers, predators and prey. *This is from Key Stage 2 but we will be introducing the words now
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Polar Habitat Food Chain - Join our Hands-on Learning Newsletter and get this resource for FREE or you can purchase the set from our store.
Access to the internet or reference books on the environment for research purposes
Polar Bear Food Chain
Start off by explaining that you are going to investigate what Polar Bears eat and where their energy comes from. Explain that you can discover it by producing a food chain to show what they eat, what eats their prey and right at the start what the producer of the energy is.
Polar Bears are a great example of a simple food chain that early elementary children can investigate they are charismatic creatures and often featured on nature programmes that they may watch or in books. So start off with what they know about what they eat.
Our first was that they were carnivores because they had big teeth so they ate meat - what sort of meat seals was the easy part of my oldest, he's fascinated by nature programmes and was even able to name a couple of species of seal that he knew polar bears ate - Weddle seals and harp seals.
From there is became a little tricky - what did arctic seals eat? Over to the internet.
I took this as an opportunity to steer him towards sites that will give information to him rather than images - he started off by going to google - and putting in what do seals eat and then clicking on images as a quick way to find out what they did eat. I moved away from the image tab to ALL and pointed him to the Wikipedia entry as a good source (for the elementary level it's good as the information is easy to find and it's reasonably accurate).
We then looked for what they ate coming up with Arctic Char - which led us to finding out what Arctic Char ate and zooplankton which he hadn't heard of before - so this time we used the image tab to discover what they looked like. It's a good skill to teach children how to search on google effectively and when to use and not use the different tabs as well as filter out what sort of information is relevant.
With our food chain from polar bear to plankton complete, we then sat and wrote some sentences - he decided that today would be a list format instead of full sentences which worked for this as recording his findings.
Using the image sheet provided in the download we then cut out the animals and stuck them onto a display sheet to share our findings with arrows pointing toward who ate who.
Polar Resources to Extend the Learning
More Polar Animal Themed Early Elementary Activities
Penguin Addition to 100 with Hundreds Chart from Life Over C's
Polar Animals Facts Game from In the Playroom
How Do Penguins Stay Dry? from Raising Little Superheroes
Polar Bear Food Chains from Rainy Day Mum
Polar Bear Place Value Math Games from Sugar Aunts
Polar Bear Footprint Multiplication from Still Playing School
Arctic Animals Sight Words Game from 123 Homeschool 4 Me
Polar Animals True or False? from Sallie Borrink - Living and Learning Outside the Box
Polar Animal Pattern Activity for First Grade from Look! We're Learning!
Penguin Art Project from Preschool Powol Packets
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