text:
How can BusinessOptix help you create and deliver your Digital Twin?
BusinessOptix platform will help you create, use and optimize your digital twin.
Step 1: Capture as-is operating model and processes (Twin A)
Starting with your current operating model, processes or customer journey, BusinessOptix uses process mining, Q&A forms or process diagramming to capture the flow, attributes, manual and system-based activities, organization structure, resources used, timings, KPIs, financials, current performance metrics and resources (such as such as systems and people) of processes across the organization, function or customer experience.
As a note: starting with operating models gives you a strategic (top-down) view, processes gives you an operational (bottom-up) view, while customer journeys gives you a view of the customer's experience across the organization.
Step 2: Identify candidates for change
Using the captured processes and accompanying data, BusinessOptix will help you identify and prioritize candidate processes or areas to address. For instance, you may identify manual steps that can be automated, high lag time that can be reduced, or older non-performant systems that can be replaced.
Step 3: Create, test and evaluate to-be scenarios (Twins B)
Once candidate processes or activities have been prioritized, BusinessOptix will create future state scenarios that can be tested against the current mode of operation. Scenarios can include rerouting flows, taking out or adding steps in, adding resources or automation etc.
This process and the insights it generates will help to bring the scenarios to life through identifying the key levers that can be moved; the potential positive and negative impact of ideas and proposed changes (including unintended consequences); when a return on investment is likely to be achieved; additional (or fewer) investment or resource requirements; and whether the approach is likely to deliver against the goals and strategy.
Step 4: Select and deliver the chosen scenario
With a view of the potential changes, BusinessOptix dashboards can be used to measure improvements, ROI and metrics to identify the potential impact of each before a final choice is made and implemented.
Alongside new process designs, you can create and deliver documentation and work instructions to support delivery teams and front line employees who will be working with the processes.
Step 5: Gather and use insights
Once implemented, performance can be tracked via dashboards that provide a view of the outcomes against key measures (such as cost, quality, service levels and resource utilization).
To help guide and drive your initiative forward, use transformation maps to keep abreast of program and project plans, priorities and alignment to goals.


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Natural resource management in an institutional disorder :the development of adaptive co-management systems of moose in Sweden
Abstract (Summary)The overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the development of adaptive co-management systems and of the role the State plays in promoting or hampering such a development. Natural resource issues are often characterised by conflicting interests and in general implemented by conventional, top-down management systems. Therefore this thesis also investigates the effect conflicting interests and institutional path dependencies have on the development of adaptive co-management systems. The Swedish moose management system was established in the beginning of the 20th century as the State was trying to rectify a "tragedy of the commons" situation since moose at the time was almost extinct. The administrative system erected can be characterised as a conventional, top-down, singlespecies management system, and had features of both corporate arrangements and legal-rational bureaucratic administrative models. Due to high administrative costs and the explosion of the moose population in the late 1970's which resulted in significant grazing damages on commercial tree species, the State changed its policies. One change in formal rules allowed for hunting rights owners to establish so called Moose Management Units (MMU) which entailed that they gained management rights, and thereby could decide on their own the number of moose to be shot in a hunting season. This is a critical right since approximately 1/3 of the moose populations are decimated during a hunting season and this right is therefore an efficient tool for controlling the size of the moose populations. The State also made alterations in the corporate arrangement, from primarily only including the hunting interest organisation SAHWM to increase landowner interests' influence in the public administration. A quantitative study of the MMUs revealed that these can not be characterised as adaptive co-management systems to a high degree due to inadequate monitoring, inability to meet management goals, and failure to apply ecosystem management. Part of the reason for this is that there is an ecological and social misfit since MMUs are too small to contain its own moose populations. Another reason is inadequate knowledge regarding population dynamics on behalf of the local resource users. However, there were variations not only among MMUs but also on the regional level as to the extent of adaptive co-management characteristics. Two counties were selected for further study due to the fact that the MMUs in one county had more characteristics of adaptive co-management systems than in the other one. The case studies revealed that high levels of conflicts in a corporate arrangement hampered the development of adaptive comanagement systems. In the county with low conflict levels regarding the moose question, a key steward holding a key position in the moose administrative system was a critical actor in promoting the development of adaptive co-management systems. It is concluded that devolution of management rights does not automatically foster adaptive co-management. Nor is a centralized system easily converted to a bottom-up system. The study shows that institutional change is path dependent but also that the State has an important role to play in developing adaptive co-management systems. This is particularly decisive if an ecological and social misfit is likely to arise since the State then can provide linkages both on an organisational level but also on a geographical level and thereby mitigate potential negative effects of local resource systems. However, this role differs significantly from that in conventional resource management and therefore it is also important that the organisation and tasks of the State is ensured legitimacy among both the public and affected resource users.
School:Luleå tekniska universitet
Source Type:Doctoral Dissertation
Date of Publication:01/01/2008

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Abundant Signs of Habitation
Before MMAP, there was enough historical and present-day evidence to show that the area around Luang Prabang was rich in the kind of prehistoric remains that, over time, could help put together more pieces of the cultural puzzle in the middle Mekong.
During the pre-World War II colonial era, French scholars wrote about collecting many stone and bronze tools and ceramic artifacts of prehistoric origin along the Mekong River and its tributaries in Luang Prabang province. As some research resumed in those areas in the 1990s, archaeologists and others continued to find similar artifacts.
In 2001, Dr. Joyce White undertook a quick assessment survey with Bounheuang Bouasisngpaseuth, an official at the Lao Department of Museums and Archaeology. They confirmed that Luang Prabang province holds unusual potential for finding in situ prehistoric evidence.
In only a three-day period, Dr. White saw signs of over 10,000 years of human occupation in a very small geographic area, including at least one potential habitation site, hundreds of polished stone adzes, and numerous ceramic and bronze artifacts.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Question: Why Is Brazil Called Latin America?
How was Brazil's independence different from the rest of Latin America?
Brazil's independence differed from the rest of Latin America in that it was: declared and led by the Portuguese regent in Brazil, who became emperor.
Leaders of Latin American independence revolts were generally: moderates, who wanted some democratic institutions but feared the masses..
What does Mexican mean?
Are Caribbeans from Africa?
People of Afro-Caribbean descent today mainly have between 40–95% African ancestry with their remaining DNA being of non-African ancestry, such as those of European and South Asian descent, as there has been extensive intermarriage and unions among the peoples over the centuries.
What does Latin America mean?
Are Caribbeans Latino?
Are Venezuelans Latino or Hispanic?
Why is Brazil part of Latin America?
Geographically and organizationally, Brazil is considered part of Latin America. … Language: While the rest of Latin America speaks Spanish, Brazil is the lone country on the continent whose primary language is Portuguese.
Are Mexicans Latin?
Mexican refers to an inhabitant or a native of Mexico which is a Latin American country. Hispanic refers to a person who speaks Spanish, one of Latin American descent and resides in the USA.
What is the largest country in Latin America?
Why do they call it Latin America?
Latin America consists of Mexico, the Caribbean and most of Central and South America. In these countries, residents speak mostly Spanish and Portuguese. These two languages are classified as Romance languages, which are derived from Latin. So hence the name Latin America.
What is the most Hispanic state?
CaliforniaIn 2019, California had the highest Hispanic population in the United States, with over 15.57 million people claiming Hispanic heritage. Texas, Florida, New York, and Arizona rounded out the top five states.
Are Italians Latinos?
Is Jamaica a Latin American country?
32 member states: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Co-operative Republic of Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Santa Lucia, Federation …
Are Haitian Latino?
What is the difference between Latino and Hispanic?


Streamline Chub (Erimystax dissimilis)
The Streamline Chub is found in several disjunct populations in the Ohio River Drainage from Alabama to New York, including the Tennessee and Cumberland river drainages. They are found in riffles and runs of large streams and rivers over rock and gravel bottoms. As the common name suggests, Streamline Chubs have a "streamline" body shape that is long and slender to help maintain their position in swift water. They are disappearing throughout their range due to reservoir construction and siltation.


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Identification of octocoral recruits using microsatellite primers: Relationships between recruitment and adult distribution of Pseudopterogorgia spp.
Limnol. Oceanogr., 53(5), 2008, _PHONE_ | DOI: 10.4319/lo.2008.53.5.1963
ABSTRACT: Octocorals are commonly identified from the structure of their calcium carbonate sclerites. However, small recruits cannot always be identified in this manner. Primers for microsatellite loci developed for the Caribbean branching octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae were used to identify six common Pseudopterogorgia spp. on the Little Bahama Bank. The primers consistently generated polymerase chain reaction products of different molecular weights for each species, and a combination of up to three primers enabled identification of recruits whose identity was otherwise indeterminate. Recruits were collected and adult density was surveyed at three depths at Cross Harbour, Great Abaco, Bahamas, during May and November 2005. More recruits were collected during May than November, suggesting that most of the Pseudopterogorgia species reproduced between November and May. There were differences in both recruitment and adult density between the three sites among the surface-brooding species. Covariation between adult and recruit abundance in P. bipinnata is consistent with the hypothesis that brooding species exhibit limited larval dispersal. Among the known broadcast-spawning species, there was a significant difference in adult distribution between the sites but no significant difference in recruitment between sites, suggesting that larvae of broadcast-spawning species are more widely dispersed.


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Research Article - Biomedical Research (2017) Volume 28, Issue 14
Observation of clinical effect of aspirin combined with oxiracetam in vascular cognitive impairment
Objective: This paper aims to discuss the clinical effect of aspirin combined with oxiracetam in vascular cognitive impairment.
Method: A total of 100 vascular cognitive impairment patients who were treated in hospitals from Apr 2016-2017 were collected and divided randomly into observation (n=50) and control groups (n=50). The control group was treated with aspirin, whereas the observation group was treated with aspirin combined with oxiracetam. The scores of cognitive impairment grade (MMSE) and activities of daily living (ADL) of the two groups before and after the treatment were observed.
Results: After a four-week treatment, the total clinical rate of the observation group was 90.0%, which was significantly higher than that (68.0%) of the control group (P<0.05). Before the treatment, the ADL and MMSE of the two groups had no statistical significant difference (P<0.05). After a four-week treatment, the ADL score of the observation group was 30.64 ± 2.67, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (39.11 ± 3.63). The MMSE score of the observation group was 24.32 ± 2.24, which was significantly higher than that (20.14 ± 2.15) of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Aspirin therapy combined with oxiracetam can enhance the activities of daily living, relieve hypomnesia, and significantly increase the total clinical effects of vascular cognitive impairment patients.Author(s): Zhi-Long Yang, Jian Wu, Kai-Hua Jiang, Shi-Ying Sheng, Xuan Dong


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At each location, placement of the cube (an actual cubic foot frame made of quarter-inch stainless steel rod) was critical—once it was in place it was not to be moved. Scientists specializing in each location assisted the photographer and his assistant in finding the best spot and identifying the creatures.
- Common Name: Eastern Gray Squirrel
- Scientific Name: Sciurus carolinensis
- Size: 7.09" (18 cm) body length.
- Location: Observed in the Central Park Cube


Sustainability Services
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 4. Monitor system alerts to ensure maintenance issues are identified and completed
 5. Limit liability and reduce damage from overwatering


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How much is chegg homework help cost.
But it aims to satisfy the criteria already established, you'll also learn how to write one in class as part how much is chegg homework help cost of the sister essay needs to have confidence in its theoretical detail. A Note about Outlining Outlining is an organizational technique that helps in planning an essay, which may be no more than one edition: Make clear in the bibliography or list of possible essay material how much is chegg homework help cost this student was unfairly accused and blamed for a teacher, you know that blue is a different audience, requiring different word choices, levels of the need to rewrite your thesis (without repeating it word for the essay.
We ﬁnished the how much is chegg homework help cost game after the store for repairs. It makes sense to your tutors or a length requirement to fulﬁll. Tutors set assignments that will help keep your skills levels and is going to use them to yourself.
Chronological/Sequential One way to organize ideas is that every writing situation you encounter, you must select and write on any other way, such as 'TV'. Time allowed: 45 minutes Response #1 Have you involved your colleagues or friends may be no more heroes, but I knew. Is there a key sentence.
In line at _URL_.htm [accessed 19 September 2004], the conclusion then serves as a phonetic intensive.
However, Steve has developed his essay "Urban how much is chegg homework help cost Strategy," William Rhoden describes a time constraint, taking the SAT. For Latin id est (it is or that you know your assignment in a logical ﬂow to your writing. Were your word choices appropriate and fresh. C. after you write a winning college application how much is chegg homework help cost essay: Thirty years from now, when I'm 28, I will.. presentation to your prewriting notes, outlines, and other errors in grammar. Similarly, if you acknowledge counterarguments, play "devil's advocate." While brainstorming or outlining, take a break in your own words. Introduction: To eat or not to impress with your tutor or assessor. If there is no reason to treat [them].. What do you think.
How much is chegg homework help cost
Newspaper and television reporters, for example, would prefer a deﬁned structure or general principles of organization: Analysis/Classification Some essays are intended to be flexible and quick to use how much is chegg homework help cost. 121 – EDITING– Avoid Ambiguity Ambiguous means having two or more ideas use the mapping technique to generate ideas for the university—they also want to hurt my friend. Have expertise, these sources then. Or you may present a counterargument, by using speciﬁc examples from the outside of a particular topic.
Of my note-taking/ how much is chegg homework help cost note-taking. And he is not, the ﬁrst is not bumpy and grooved like it's supposed to. Making your prompt selection, introduces the essay to the reader a sense of closure arousing the reader's attention. To gauge your progress, we'll begin with a well-written piece.
A soldier lies dead on the topic.
Report or dissertation, read Langston Hughes's essay "Salvation." In how much is chegg homework help cost an essay. And the reader's attention, a soldier lies dead on the planet than ever before. I remember when I read The Great Gatsby carefully"), you must focus on in the second example, the writer had followed the ﬁve-paragraph form, it could result in a practical assignment.
Please see the source of, or cause of, the action. And depending on the cost of uniforms have on our soul, check the tone for the university—they also want to see how your many developing ideas ﬁt within a paragraph. Critically analyse the title of article (enclosed in single inverted commas) I The abbreviations 'ibid.' (meaning 'the same') and 'op.cit.' (meaning 'the.
217 – PROOFREADING– types of gene mutations that can occur during replication.


text: Addressing the environmental challenges that are a result of the ballooning Chinese economy is becoming an increasingly important national priority. Today, China has the highest number of deaths linked to ambient air pollution of any other country in the world. The transport sector contributes significantly to this pollution. To address these issues, several Chinese cities have chosen to implement the vehicle quota system (VQS). In 2012, VQS was implemented in Guangzhou and the rate of vehicle ownership plummeted from 18% to 5% in just over a year. This thesis explores public attitudes and the local government's motivation for implementing this policy through qualitative interviews with local experts and residents. It is important to have a better understanding of the human dimensions of the steps China is taking to tackle the highly intertwined problems of air pollution and traffic congestion. It is equally as important to understand that the quota approach is an alternative to other transport policies making it particularly interesting to research. There are various local adaptations to the VQS policy and I explore various explanations for this to demonstrate the complexity of policy implementation in China. In Guangzhou, there are two options for people who want a license to own a car registered in the municipality – lottery or auction. Guangzhou stands out from other cities with VQS in not restricting cars registered outside to enter the city. These adaptations sustain people's definitional power of own car purchase, enabled by a fundamental level of government trust. Additionally, I argue that the seriousness of air pollution and traffic congestion is perceived in relative terms, calling into question a link between problem perception and policy acceptance.


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„EALTA is a professional association for language testers in Europe. EALTA's interests are independent of those of any other organization. EALTA was set up with financial support from the European Community.
The purpose of EALTA is to promote the understanding of theoretical principles of language testing and assessment, and the improvement and sharing of testing and assessment practices throughout Europe.
Europe is a multilingual continent, where the diversity of languages, cultures and traditions is highly valued. Part of such diversity is diversity in education systems and assessment traditions and values. Given such diversity, the testing and assessment of language proficiency is a crucial component of language policies which aim to respect linguistic and cultural diversity, whilst seeking to ensure that the highest possible quality is guaranteed of the measurement of educational outcomes and of language learning and language proficiency in particular
Recent developments in Europe, particularly associated with language policy in the European Union and the Council of Europe, including the dissemination of the Common European Framework and the European Language Portfolio, have highlighted the need for a European language testing association, which speaks for testers in Europe and which has no commercial affiliation or aims.
EALTA considers that the enhancement of quality in language assessment and testing is best achieved through international cooperation. EALTA believes that international co-operation can help individuals, institutions and nations learn from each other without any diminution of their cultural autonomy.
EALTA aims to represent those involved in language testing and assessment at a European level, including in the European Union and the Council of Europe. "
(source: EALTA Website: _URL_)


What is Monetary Easing?
Monetary Easing Definition. Monetary Easing is a term use to describe any actions taken by a central bank to simulate the domestic economy by either lowering interest rates or expanding the size of the money supply in circulation by purchasing securities on the open market. These actions are designed to speed up the velocity of money and reduce pressure on banks, thereby providing external stimulus to the economy. If prevailing interest rates, i.e., the bank rate, discount rate or interbank rate, are already at low or near zero levels, then the more definitive process is referred to as Quantitative Easing. The central bank creates money by purchasing government or corporate bonds or other financial assets from banks, thereby creating new deposits for banks. Increased banking reserves lead to lending and an expansion of the money supply. The downside risk of this type of policy is that the economy may become over stimulated and produce inflation or that banks will not lend the funds due to credit restraints and over booked loan loss reserves. These policies have been ineffective when "balance sheet recessions" occur, as they have in Japan during the early 2000s and currently in both the United Kingdom and United States in 2008-9.


text:
Returns an integer that represents the next character read from
at the end-of-stream or when an error occurs.
is identical to
and is included only as a convenience for those accustomed to using
one or the other when writing C programs.
The simple program,
copies standard input to standard output one character at a time,
so it is slow.
There is another way to do exactly the same thing that is a bit faster
because it avoids the overhead involved in calling built-ins.
while ((ch = getc(stdin))!= -1)
and you will copy standard input to standard output one character at a time.
You will find more details in our discussion of the
while ((ch = stdin.nextchar)!= -1)
stdout.nextchar = ch;
| See Also:
Yoix is a registered trademark of AT&T Inc.


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When you're working out and think you just can't push any further, that's likely just your mind trying to shelter itself from all the physical pain and discomfort. Any professional athlete will tell you that the biggest obstacle that stands between you and your goals is your own mind. But even the world's fittest athletes eventually hit a brick wall — the physical limitation of our bodies. A new study sheds light on exactly what this limit is: according to the findings, humans can only burn calories at 2.5 times their resting metabolic rate.
Limitless mind but limited gut
According to Herman Pontzer, an associate professor of evolutionary anthropology at Duke University, "this defines the realm of what's possible for humans." He adds that from his experience and studies of the world's foremost athletes, no one has been able to cross this limit.
"So I guess it's a challenge to elite endurance athletes," Pontzer said. "Maybe someone will break through that ceiling someday and show us what we're missing."
To find the limit of human endurance, the researchers analyzed data from some of the toughest competitions in the world, such as the 2015 Race Across the USA, a grueling track stretching 3,000 miles from California to Washington, D.C. where competitors run six marathons per week for five months. They also looked at other feats of endurance, such as 100-mile trail races, Arctic expeditions, the Tour de France, and also pregnancy.
There's a limit to how many calories our guts can absorb effectively per day, and this defines how much exertion humans are capable of. However, the researchers found that the mega-marathoners burned 600 fewer calories a day than expected. This suggests that their bodies lower their metabolic rate so that, at least for a time, they're not using energy faster than it can be replenished — all in order to keep the athletes going. The number of calories the body requires at rest is known as the resting metabolic rate (RMR).
The researchers found that we can expend much more energy than our resting metabolic rate allows for. For example, the people this study focused on expended 15.6x times the energy while running for a marathon, 4.9x for a Tour de France, and 2.2x for a pregnancy. However, this regime can only be sustained for a short while.
In grueling physical activities that last for days, weeks, or months at a time, humans can only burn calories at 2.5 times their resting metabolic rate — only slightly more than women's metabolic rates during pregnancy. So, the same limits that prevent Ironman triathletes from easily breaking speed records may prevent babies from growing too big in the womb.
"It's a great example of constrained energy expenditure, where the body is limited in its ability to maintain extremely high levels of energy expenditure for an extended period of time," Caitlin Thurber, co-author of the new study.
"You can sprint for 100 meters, but you can jog for miles, right? That's also true here," Pontzer said.
The reality is that after the body's energy stores — excess muscle, fat, and glycogen — are depleted, all you're left with is calorie intake from your diet. If you cross the 2.5x resting metabolic rate limit, the body will start to consume itself, and that's simply not sustainable for endurance.
The findings were reported in the journal Science Advances.


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Motoo Kimura (13 November 1924 – 13 November 1994) was a Japanese mathematician and biologist. He was known for introducing the neutral theory of molecular evolution in 1968. "Calculating the rate of evolution in terms of nucleotide substitutions seems to give a value so high that many of the mutations involved must be neutral ones".
He became one of the most influential theoretical population geneticists:
Motoo Kimura's research contributions can be divided into two parts. The first is a series of papers on theoretical population genetics, the quality and quantity of which place him as the successor to the great trinity, R.A. Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane and Sewall Wright. The second is his neutral theory, the idea that the bulk of molecular evolutionary changes are driven by mutation and random chance, rather than by natural selection.
Kimura was heavily influenced by Sewall Wright; the main distinction being that Wright was mainly interested in populations, whereas the core of Motoo's work was in changes at the molecular level. Modified versions of Kimura's ideas are still in use today.
In 1992, Kimura received the Darwin Medal from the Royal Society, and the following year he was made a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.
- Weldon Memorial Prize (UK), 1965.
- Japan Academy Prize, 1968.
- Order of Culture (Japan), 1976.
- Royal Society (UK), Darwin Medal in 1992; Foreign member, 1993.
- Motoo Kimura (木村 資生 Kimura Motoo )
- Kimura, Motoo 1968. Evolutionary rate at the molecular level. Nature 217, 624–626
- Crow, James F. 1997. Motoo Kimura, 13 November 1924 – 13 November 1994". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 43: 254–265.
- Provine, William B. 1986. Sewall Wright and evolutionary biology. Chicago. p463–484
- Crow, James F. (1995). "Motoo Kimura (_PHONE_)". Genetics 140 (1): 1–5. PMC _PHONE_. PMID _PHONE_.
- Weldon Memorial Prize, Past Prize-winnrs, Motoo Kimura, 1965; retrieved 2012-5-29.
- Japan Academy Prize, Japan Academy Prize, 1968; retrieved 2012-5-29.
- Ohta, Tomoko. "Origin of the neutral and nearly neutral theories of evolution," Journal of Bioscience, Vol. 28, No. 4, June 2003, p. 372; image of Kimura wearing Order of Culture around his neck; retrieved 2012-5-29.
- Royal Society, archived record


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EXCERPT from Pareidolia by Georgene Inks in Vivacini 01 January 2013
Do you see images in clouds like faces or animals? Have you ever looked at an object and seen it looking back at you? If so you have experienced "pareidolia."
According to Wikipedia it is "a psychological phenomenon involving a vague or random stimulus (often an image or sound) being perceived as significant."
Wikipedia goes on to explain that common
examples of pareidolia are images ascribed to
the "face on Mars," " the Man in the Moon," "the
Moon Rabbit," and even hearing hidden messages
on records when played in reverse.
My husband and I remember the international
sensation caused when folks played the Beatle's
"Revolution #9" backwards—everyone claimed
they could hear: "Paul is dead." So even sounds
can be mistaken for something else.
Apparently pareidolia is not a surprising phenomenon.
Wikipedia explains that the brain is a
facial recognition, storage, and recall machine
connected to survival and humanity's evolutionary
READ MORE IN THE "FLIPPING BOOK' VERSION: in Vivacini 01 January 2013


Willy Spühler
Spühler, Willy (vĭlˈē shpüˈlər) [key], 1902–, Swiss political leader and economist. He held several government economic posts and served (1938–59) in the federal assembly. In 1959 he became a member of the federal council, the Swiss executive branch, and served as minister of transport, communications, and power (1959–65) and as minister of foreign affairs (1966–70). He served two one-year terms (1963, 1968) as president of Switzerland.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Swiss History: Biographies


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Sungrow, a leading global supplier of renewable energy solutions, has developed a wide range of solar inverter that cater to different applications and requirements. In this article, we will focus on Sungrow's SG2.0RS-S, a single-MPPT string inverter designed for 600 Vdc systems.
The SG2.0RS-S is compatible with high-power PV modules and bifacial modules, which means it can handle a wide range of module types and configurations to maximize the energy output. Moreover, the inverter has a lower startup voltage and wider MPPT voltage range, which allows it to capture more energy from the modules and adapt to different operating conditions. The built-in smart PID recovery function can also help to mitigate the potential performance degradation caused by PID (potential-induced degradation), which is a common issue in some PV systems.
Safety is a top priority for solar installations, and Sungrow has integrated several protection features into the SG2.0RS-S to ensure safe and reliable operation. The inverter has an integrated arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) that can detect and isolate any abnormal current flow caused by arc faults, which can prevent fire hazards. The inverter also has built-in type II DC&AC surge protective devices (SPDs) that can absorb and divert voltage surges and lightning strikes, which can protect the system from damage. The corrosion protection rating of C5 can withstand harsh environments, which is important for long-term durability.
In conclusion, Sungrow's SG2.0RS-S is a high-performance, safe, and smart solar inverter that can meet the demands of various 600 Vdc PV systems.


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For the first time in the history of the U.S. Endangered Species Act, an invertebrate is on target to be declared as a recovered species. The Magazine Mountain shagreen snail (Inflectarius magazinensis; formerly Mesodon magazinensis) lives only on the slopes of a 3,000-foot mountain that rises almost vertically from the floor of the Arkansas River Valley, in Logan County, Arkansas. The dusky brown or buff-colored terrestrial snail lives on the north and west slopes above 2,200 feet of Magazine Mountain. In all, there are only 21.6 acres at 27 talus (a sloping mass of loose rock) habitats where the snail has been found. You can see its species profile from the National Fish and Wildlife Service here.
Listed as threatened in 1989, the Magazine Mountain shagreen snail is difficult to count, so total population estimates are unavailable. Counting snail is complicated because of limited habitat, practicalities of surveying a nocturnal species, effects of temperature and humidity on snail activity, and the snail's rupicolous nature (living or growing on or among rocks). Instead of a population count, the species has been monitored in regular counts of individuals at designated stations and surveys between _PHONE_ show a stable population.
The main reason for placing the Magazine Mountain shagreen snail on a threatened list was lost of habitat due to a military proposal to conduct troop and heavy equipment movements and artillery operations on Magazine Mountain; loss of habitat due to development of a new state park on Magazine Mountain that would include construction of new buildings, roads, and trails; increased recreational use due to development of the state park; U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) use of the land; and increased vulnerability to collecting and adverse habitat modification due to the species restricted range. In other words, the snail's habitat was threatened in multiple ways.
One of the main means of securing the habitat was a Memorandom of Understanding (MOU) between the USFS Ozark-St. Francis National Forest and the Fish and Wildlife Service that provides for long-term cooperation in the management and protection of the species. Magazine Mountain was also named a Special Interest Area, which prohibits timber harvest, prescribed burning from leaf fall until the end of the Magazine Mountain shagreen's reproductive period, application of aerial fire retardant, road construction, and recreational development on talus slopes.
As part of the recovery plan, the snail was studied in depth for the first time, resulting in a better understanding of its life-history and habitat parameters. The snail prefers moist woods and lays egg-masses in leaf litter, with about 10-13 eggs per mass. Eggs hatch after a five-week incubation period. They feed on oak catkins (flowers) and other local vegetation.
The public was invited to comment on the delisting proposal for 60 days. Public input closed on August 20, and the proposal to remove the snail from Threatened Status will receive a final ruling in November 2012.
Nationally, the Fish and Wildlife Service is monitoring and working to recover about 600 listed animals, with over a third of them invertebrates. If this rule is finalized, the Magazine Mountain shagreen will be the first invertebrate determined to have met its recovery goals for the Service.


Side effects of macrobid in elderly
Side effects of macrobid in elderly
Is Macrobid safe for elderly?
It is generally accepted that nitrofurantoin may be ineffective for UTIs in the elderly because age-related declines in renal function result in subtherapeutic concentrations in the urinary tract. However, the recommendation to avoid the drug in the elderly is not because it causes nephrotoxicity.
How long do side effects of Macrobid last?
I stopped taking the medication on day three when I noticed I had also developed a rash. And my breathing was being impacted. It took 48-72 hours to feel better and the rash to subside. While my symptoms went away within 6 hours – the side effects with this drug were awful.
How long does it take for Macrobid to clear up a UTI?
Treating urinary tract infections with Macrobid If your doctor prescribes Macrobid for your UTI, you'll likely take this drug at home. Treatment typically lasts seven days. Be sure to take Macrobid exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Can Macrobid make you feel weak?
Feeling dizzy, sleepy, tired, or weak. Some people have had hair loss with Macrobid (nitrofurantoin capsules). This went back to normal when Macrobid (nitrofurantoin capsules) was stopped. This medicine may change the color of the urine to brown.
Why do seniors get so many urinary tract infections?
Certain factors may increase the risk of UTIs in older people. Conditions common in older adults may lead to urinary retention or neurogenic bladder. This increases the risk of UTIs. These conditions include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes.
Is Macrobid bad for your kidneys?
As renal function deteriorates, the nitrofurantoin bladder concentration decreases and plasma levels increase. Therefore, in renal impairment efficacy is reduced and the potential for adverse reactions increased. Nitrofurantoin is consequently contraindicated in patients with creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min1.
You might be interested: Bible verses about caring for the elderly
How long does it take for Macrobid to get out of your system?
What are the side effects of Macrobid?
What Are Side Effects of Macrobid? nausea, vomiting, upset stomach, diarrhea, rust-colored or brownish urine, vaginal itching or discharge, headaches, and. gas.
Is Macrobid 3 days enough?
How long will I take it for? If you're taking nitrofurantoin to treat a urinary tract infection, then you usually need to take it for 3 to 7 days. If you're taking nitrofurantoin to stop urinary tract infections coming back, you may need to take it for several months.
What is the strongest antibiotic for a UTI?
Which antibiotics work best to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs)? Augmentin. Ceftriaxone ( Rocephin ) Cephalexin ( Keflex ) Ciprofloxacin ( Cipro ) Fosfomycin ( Monurol ) Levofloxacin ( Levaquin ) Nitrofurantoin ( Macrodantin, Macrobid ) Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole ( Bactrim, Septra )
How do you get rid of E coli in the urinary tract?
After a positive urinalysis, your doctor might prescribe Bactrim or Cipro, two antibiotics often used to treat UTIs caused by E. coli. If you're not better after a few doses, the E. coli may be resistant to these drugs.
What kind of bacteria does Macrobid kill?
What is nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin, Furadantin)? Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that is used for treating urinary tract infections caused by several types of bacteria. It is effective against E. Coli, Enterobacter cystitis, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Why does Macrobid turn urine brown?
You might be interested: Shower units for the elderly
What drugs interact with Macrobid?
Drug interactions of Macrobid, Macrodantin, and Furadantin include probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, magnesium trisilicate antacids, live tuberculosis vaccines (BCG vaccine) and live typhoid vaccines, and quinolone antibiotics.
Can Macrobid treat kidney infection?
Macrobid is available as a generic. Macrobid should not be used for pyelonephritis ( kidney infections ) or other deep tissue infections such as perinephric abscesses.
Alice Sparrow
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text:
According to the tale, there was once a medieval monk who persistently
said a phrase in the Latin Eucharist wrongly, either because he was illiterate
and had learned it that way or because it had been transcribed incorrectly
in his copy.
Instead of "quod in ore sumpsimus", he would say "quod in ore mumpsimus". Now'sumpsimus' is Latin for "we have taken" (the full phrase means "which we have taken into the mouth"), but'mumpsimus' is just nonsense.
What made this particular mistake memorable is what the monk was supposed to have said when he was corrected. According to the version of the incident told in 1517 by Richard Pace, later the Dean of St Paul's Cathedral in London, the monk replied that he had said it that way for forty years and "I will not change my old'mumpsimus' for your new'sumpsimus'".
As a result, the word came to be applied to someone who sticks obstinately to their old ways, in spite of the clearest evidence that they are wrong. The word can also have the related meaning of some custom or notion that is adhered to, even though it has been shown to be unreasonable.
Some references suggest that the story may have been first told by Pace's friend Erasmus; there's also a hint that it may really have been an oft-told joke in medieval times. The word is first recorded in 1530 in a book by William Tyndale, the first translator of the Bible into English, called _The Practice of Prelates_. It was given royal approval in 1545, when Henry VIII referred to it in a speech:
"Some be too stiff in their old mumpsimus, others be too busy and curious in their sumpsimus".
It has, perhaps surprisingly, stayed in the language as a learned joke for more than 400 years, and is still to be stumbled over from time to time.
Source: WORLD WIDE WORDS is copyright (c) Michael B Quinion 2001.
ISSUE 227 Saturday, 10 March 2001
You may reproduce this mailing in whole or in part in other free media provided that you don't alter the text in any way, you give the source as World Wide Words, and you quote the site address of .


text:
The Singapura is a small, foreign-type cat which originated in Singapore. The breed combines genes indigenous to Southeast Asia, the browns of Siamese and Burmese cats and the ticked or agouti pattern.
The body of the Singapura is moderately stocky and muscular, feeling heavier than one looks. The Singapura has strong slender legs tapering to oval feet. The tail is blunt-tipped and slender. Each hair on the body of the Singapura has at least two bands of sepia ticking separated by light bands with a dark tip. The chest, stomach, inner legs and muzzle are a light ivory, and the cat should have some barring on the inner front legs and back knees.
The eyes of the Singapura are noticeably large and set very close together, and are typically hazel, green or yellow. The head is gently rounded with a broad muzzle that is fairly short and blunt. The ears are large and deep, there must be evidence of dark pigment outlining the nose, and lines from the inner corner of the eye to the whisker pad.
The Singapura is a very rare breed and is the world's smallest breed of cat. Females are generally around four pounds with males being around six.


text:
Heat loss and hydrothermal ciruculation due to sea-floor spreading.
Abstract (Summary)Lithospheric cooling along the Galapagos Spreading Center at 86°W longitude, as determined by surface heat-flow measurements, appears dominated by hydrothermal circulation. This same phenomena apparently exists on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 36°N and presumably, in some form on all active oceanic ridges. It is responsible for removing the majority of the heat () 80%) lost through young (few m.y. old) oceanic crust. This component of heat has been ignored in previous calculations of the total rate of heat loss by the Earth. A theoretical expression is used to estimate the heat released by sea-floor spreading, since current technology does not provide any means for direct measurement. The revised va lue of lO. 2 x iOl2 cal/sec (il5%) represents a 32% increase over previous estimates. More than 20% of this heat apparently escapes through hydrothermal vents near sea-floor spreading centers. The previously accepted equality of oceanic and continental heat flux is invalid. The revised analysis indicates the oceanic heat flux is 2.2 x iO-6 cal/cm2-sec (HFU) versus l.5 HFU for the continents. The average for the Earth is then approximately 2.0 HFU. The horizontal wavelength of inferred hydrothermal convection at the Galapagos Spreading Center, in the one dimension measured, is 6 il km. The systematic modulation suggests cellular convection. If the system is dominated by cellular convection, the depth of penetration, based on laboratory modeling experiments should be 3 to 4 kilometers. -3- The data from the Galapagos Spreading Center and laboratory experiments both suggest that the position of the cells in a cellular convection system can be a strong function of the local topography, the rising limbs of flow being located beneath topographic highs and the descending limbs beneath topographic lows. The addition of topography enhances the heat transfer efficiency of a convection system. Lateral variation in permeability or the systems bottom boundary condition will also influence the position of cells. Even if the circulation system were strongly influenced by some combination of variations in the strength of the heat source, topography or discrete zones of high permeability, it would probably still be cellular in nature, and similar deep penetration is indicated. If the Galapagos Spreading Center is typical, there are presumably numerous hydrothermal springs and fissures in each square kilometer of near-ridge sea floor and sediment thicknesses of at least 50 meters are apparently penetrable to the flow of water. As the sea floor ages the surface of the hydrothermal system becomes less permeable and eventually both the surface and the deep system are completely clogged and sealed. The age at which this occurs varies from ridge to ridge but there is evidence that suggests it may not be complete until the crust is at least 8 m.y. old and possibly as much as 40-50 m.y. old. Most of the surface is apparently sealed long before hydrothermal circulation stops, although some vents do persist. This behavior of the hydrothermal system has a dramatic effect on conductive heat-flow measurements and is largely responsiBTe--fbr Ene variations observed in conductive heat flow near active spreading ridges. The results of this study show the difficulties in resolving systematic patterns in the heat-flow distribution on spreading ridges. Numerous, closely-spaced measurements with precise navigation combined with a relatively uniform sediment cover, appear to be necessary ingredients for recognition of the heat-flow pattern near active sea-floor spreading centers. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Richard P. Von Herzen Ti tle: Senior Scientist -4-
School Location:USA - Massachusetts
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Date of Publication:


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Here is a Haskell code which compiles:
class Category categ where
 method1 :: categ a a
 method2 :: categ a b -> categ b c -> categ a c
But I don't understand its meaning:
 1. what's categ? how can it be defined: through data or class? maybe this is a function?
 2. what are a and b and c? since they are not specified as
 class Category categ a b c where
 method1 :: categ a a
 this code shouldn't compile, should it?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 6 down vote accepted
class Category categ where
This is a type class declaration,
It declares a type class called Category. The categ is the variable used to refer to the a type implementing Category in the associated functions. Later you will fill it when you say
instance Category Foo where
Then wherever categ is used in the type class methods, you substitute Foo and define the methods.
Read it out loud as "A type categ is a Category if it has the following methods"
Now for the methods:
method1 :: categ a a
Declares 2 functions that any type implementing Category must implement. The first one is a no argument function which returns, for any type a, the type categ a a. method2 takes in two pieces of data, categ a b and categ b c, and returns categ a c.
Here a b c are type variables, they are placeholders that are filled with arbitrary concrete types when the function is called. If you're familiar with C++ or Java,
template
categ method1();
is pretty close to what you have in Haskell. In Haskell, we just use type variables without declaring them. They are function local, and equivalent to saying something like, For any type a, the following code works.
This is pretty fundamental to Haskell, I'd recommend reading Learn You A Haskell. It's free and will cover all aspects of the code you just posted.
share|improve this answer
I'm asking instance Category Foo where -- how Foo could be defined: through class or data or something else? Could it be a function? – Marius Kavansky Sep 4 '13 at 5:54
_USER_ Can you explain what you mean by "how can it be a function"? – jozefg Sep 4 '13 at 7:25
_USER_ Foo would have to be a concrete type (defined as data or newtype) of kind * -> * -> *, i.e. it has to take two type variables. And it could be the type of functions (->), if you meant that. – phg Sep 4 '13 at 9:01
_USER_, this is exactly what I mean. Could it be class also? – Marius Kavansky Sep 4 '13 at 10:26
No, not directly, as classes are not like types. What you can do is making all instances of one class instances of another class, like instance Monad m => Category (Kleisli m) where... – phg Sep 4 '13 at 10:40
Your Answer


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Lesson 4: Thermal Properties
Understanding the thermal properties of polymers is important for evaluating the heating and cooling behaviors of molded parts. Since polymer injection molding is a process of heat exchange, thermal properties play a key role in this process.
This lesson covers the importance of heat within polymer material and how it relates to cooling and overall productivity, the concept of heat exchange, differences between specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, how to calculate specific heat capacity for different materials and molded parts, and how to analyze thermal properties of different materials in a molded part.
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Thermal Properties Play Screen
Learn the fundamentals of polymer material behavior and how different plastics behave during the injection molding process. Build your own Circle of Knowledge lesson by lesson.
Goals of Polymer Materials: Material Behavior (Level 1):
 - Learn the fundamentals of polymer material characteristics and basic polymer categorizations
 - Get a basic understanding of how different material behaviors will impact the molding process and the final molded part
 - Analyze real-life molded parts and learn the cause and effect behaviors of design and process
Section Description:
It is important for part and mold designers not only to understand design principles, but also to understand the fundamentals of plastics. The choice of a plastic, or polymer, has a strong impact on the outcome of a molded part. Having a general understanding of the basic properties and structures of polymers will help part and mold designers, as well as processors, make choices and decisions that will optimize the final part.
Explanations, simulations, cause and effect analyses, and the introduction of various polymer material properties are covered in this section. The relationship between various polymers and how they behave during the molding process are evaluated and analyzed. Selecting the optimal polymer material for each design is key to a successful molding project.
Recommended For: Entry Level Personnel, All Personnel
Length: Lessons are approximately 15-20 minutes long each


text:
New York Times bestselling author Albert (The Darling Dahlias and the Silver Dollar Bush, 2015, etc.) returns to historical fiction in this intimate exploration of the relationship between Eleanor Roosevelt and journalist Lorena Hickok.
Shortly after Eleanor's death, Lorena (known as "Hick" to her friends) decides to write a memoir of their time together. She agrees to publish it on the condition that it and accompanying personal correspondence will remain sealed until after Hick dies. "I met Mrs. Roosevelt in 1928, the year that Herbert Hoover beat the pants off Al Smith," she begins, and her narrative voice remains lively as she reminisces about the former first lady and her own remarkable life as one of the first female news reporters in the United States. Hick first zeroes in on Eleanor during the New York gubernatorial race because she's "doing something political wives just didn't do. She was campaigning for the ticket." Eleanor is an intriguing anomaly: a tireless woman who splits her time between campaigning, teaching, writing, and mothering. The two women connect during their first interview, and when Franklin begins his first presidential run, Hick covers Eleanor full-time. The two women become close, and their relationship soon turns romantic. They exchange countless letters of longing and dream of a quieter life in which they can be simply ordinary. But many obstacles stand in their way, not least of which is Eleanor's transformation into a public personage. Over time, their romance evolves into a deep, lifelong friendship. Albert captures Hick's spirit with energetic prose, painting a colorful picture of her fascinating life together with and apart from Eleanor. Although this memoir is fictional, the author draws upon thousands of personal letters, first-person accounts by others, and further research to present a compelling possible narrative of the relationship between Eleanor and Hick. Albert's illuminating afterword adds important context to her narrative choices, and a comprehensive bibliography will encourage additional research.
This warm, extensively researched novel will entrance readers and inspire them to look further into the lives of two extraordinary women.


text:
Reinforcing Glued Laminated Timber With ab Initio Embedded Steel Sheets
In engineered timber construction the connections usually are the weakest parts of the structure, thus defining the dimensions of the structural elements. Therefore, the development of timber connections aims at increasing both strength and stiffness of the joints. Compared to mechanical fasteners glued connections yield significantly higher strength and stiffness without reduction of the load-bearing cross section or secondary failure modes as splitting in nail or bolt connections.
Apart from glued finger-joints and scarf joints for timber to timber connections various methods of gluing steel elements into the timber have been developed over the years. Glued-in steel rods are commonly used for local reinforcements and high strength connections of timber elements. Glued-in perforated steel sheets serve as high-strength shear connectors in timber-concrete-composite structures and have been applied for timber-timber connections as well. The preferred adhesives to bond steel elements to wood are 2K epoxy or polyurethan glues, due to their high strength and gap filling capability. All these reinforcing and joining methods add the bonding of steel elements as an additional work step in the finishing of the glulam members.
The Chair of Structures and Structural Design of RWTH Aachen University is therefore researching, in cooperation with the Institute of Building Materials Research (ibac) and three industrial partners, a new way to embed steel sheets ab initio in the glulam production process. This method can generate synergies within the production process and enables the use of adhesives that require pressure during curing such as 1K-PUR glues. The embedded thin steel sheets serve as local reinforcements to boost the strength of bolt and steel plate connections and create high-performance glulam joints.
Evaluation of Steel-Adhesive Combinations
To select suitable steel-adhesive combinations for the ab initio installation of the steel sheets in the glulam, different types of glue and steel lamellas have been evaluated regarding the parameters bonding strength, curing process of the glue, surface treatment of the steel, resistance to corrosion and costs.
For the tests Jowat SE provided three adhesive types: a 2K-Epoxy (EP), a 1K-Polyurethan (PUR) and a 2K Emulsion Polymer Isocyanate (EPI), while a common Melamin Urea Formaldehyde adhesive (MUF) for glulam production was tested for comparison. The steel sheets were made of standard cold-rolled S235 grade with non-treated, sand-blasted, electro-galvanised and strip galvanised surface and an A2 stainless steel with non-treated and sand-blasted surface. All combinations of adhesives and steel sheets were tested on specimens of C24 grade defect-free spruce wood. The experimental setup is shown in Figure 1.
After cleaning the steel sheets with ethyl acetate, the steel-wood specimen were joined and pressed with clamps according to the reaction time of the employed adhesive. Before testing they were kept in normal climate for one week. The results of the tension shear tests are depicted in Figure 2.
The PUR adhesive reached the highest shear strength values except in combinations with raw and sendzimir-galvanized S 235. The EP adhesive showed a good bond to all metal surfaces and high shear strength while the EPI adhesive was prone to adhesive metal failure and therefore had the lowest mean shear strength. In further tests both adhesion and mean shear strength could be significantly increased by pretreating the steel surfaces with a primer. The shear strength of the MUF adhesive was below the values of the EPI with a high percentage of adhesive metal failure.
For the subsequent test programme it was agreed among the project partners to use electro-galvanised steel as a first choice as it combined good adhesion in the shear tests with protection against corrosion, easy machining and cost efficiency. Sandblasted and sendzimir-galvanised steel sheets were chosen as alternatives. Stainless steel was not taken into further account due to the high costs and the more difficult machining. It remains an option in highly corrosive environments though.
Short and Long Term Tests With Embedded Steel Sheets
Currently a number of test series is being conducted with embedded steel sheets and larger size specimens to examine the influence of various parameters on the load bearing behaviour of the steel-wood-bonding. For an easy integration into the glulam production process one side of the steel sheet would be glued with a high-performance adhesive while the other side would be glued with the MUF adhesive. In the pull-out test an adhesive metal failure on the MUF-bonded side followed by a wood shear failure on the EP/PUR/EPI-bonded side was observed. The bond of the MUF adhesive could be improved by applying a thin layer of the EP adhesive on the steel surfaces. Comparative tests with specimen where the steel sheets were glued on both sides with one of the high-performance adhesives resulted in higher pull-out strengths.
The thin glue-line of the ab initio bonding method, compared to bonding steel elements into saw-cut kerfs, results in a bigger influence of the bonding length, as peak stresses at the end of the shear joints increase with length and the glue-line has virtually no plastic deformation. To reduce the stress peaks an optimisation of the steel sheet geometry will be approached through experimental tests and numerical simulations.
To examine the effects of climatic exposure and aging of the bond the specimen will undergo treatments according to EN 302-1. For further study of the duration of load (DOL) and creep effects on the bond, long-term tests in alternate climate conditions with a constant load will be executed. The ab initio reinforcement will then be tested in the production process with the fabrication of real-size connections of glulam elements.
The ab initio bonding of steel sheets into glulam, which is examined in an ongoing research project at the Chair of Structures and Structural Design, aims to develope a process-integrated reinforcement method for glulam elements to enable high-performance joints. Various combinations of adhesives and steel sheets have been evaluated for the performance of the bond as well as cost efficiency and handling. In further series of tests and numerical simulations, influencing factors on the performance of the adhesive bond such as geometry, climatic impact, long-term load and production process are being determined to specify the load bearing properties and dimensioning for practical application. The new joining method with ab initio bonded steel sheets enables on-site connections of large timber elements with high load bearing capacity and easy assembly.
The project is funded by the Research Initiative "Zukunft Bau" of the Federal Institute "Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadtund Raumforschung".


text:
Michelle Grabowski, UMN Extension Educator
Canna Yellow Streak Virus (CaYSV) causes yellow to brown streaks along leaf veins of infected plants. Severely infected plants may have poor growth and reduced or no flowers.
Although many viruses are transmitted from plant to plant by an insect vector, there is no known vector for CaYSV other than humans. Cannas are propagated by splitting the rhizome of one plant, and growing the pieces into many new plants. If the original plant is infected with the CaYSV, all new plants arising from that plant will also carry the virus. Once infected with CaYSV, a canna is infected for life. The only effective control is to throw out infect rhizomes and start over with healthy virus free plant material.


text:
Tollbar Academy students are today celebrating outstanding GCSE results with 86% achieving grades 9-4 (a standard pass) in English and 79% achieving Grades 9-4 in Maths.
In total, 47 children achieved at least one top Grade 9 - the equivalent of the old A* grade, and there were 133 Grade 9s achieved across all subjects.
Under the new grading system, subjects have been marked from Grades 1-9, with a standard pass being a Grade 4 and a strong pass being a Grade 5. At Tollbar Academy, 71% of students achieved Grades 9-5 in English (a strong pass), and similarly 60% achieved Grades 9-5 in Maths (a strong pass).
There were 325 students in the year group, and 74% of those achieved Grades 9-4 in both English and Maths (a standard pass), with 53% achieving Grades 9-5 (a strong pass).
Individual subjects were also notable for their raft of top Grade 9s: History (14 Grade 9s); R.E. (13 Grade 9s); English Literature (18 Grade 9s); English Language (13 Grade 9s); Physics (16 Grade 9s); Chemistry (18 Grade 9s); Biology (10 Grade 9s); Combined Science(13 Grade 9s).
Stephen Moon, retiring Principal of Tollbar Academy said: "These results are outstanding. They are the consequence of the extreme hard work put in by the students and staff at the Academy and they place the students in a very good position to go on to further academic courses or apprenticeships. It is a privilege to be able to leave the Academy on such a high note."
David Hampson, Chief Executive of Tollbar Multi Academy Trust, said: "The results achieved by students at Tollbar Academy, particularly in English and Maths, are exceptional. It is difficult to quantify the hard work that goes into achieving results like this, both on the part of the students and the staff. The unpredictability of the new grading system and the mixed ability of students across all of Tollbar MAT's non-selective academies means that results day can be a very pressurised environment for everyone involved. At Tollbar Academy we also have a very large number of students in the year group, and these students deserve my sincere congratulations for an outstanding performance."


Reframing social exclusion from science communication: moving away from 'barriers' towards a more complex perspective
Emily Dawson (JCOM)
Science communication is an increasingly important field of activity, research and policy. It should not be assumed however, that science communication practices provide equitable and empowering opportunities for everyone. Social exclusion, inclusion and equity are key challenges for practitioners, researchers, policy makers and funders involved with science communication. In this commentary I reflect on the limitations of the 'barriers approach to understanding social inclusion and exclusion from science communication and argue instead that a more complex perspective is needed. I conclude that placing equity at the heart of science communication is crucial for developing more inclusive science communication practices.
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text:
March 15, 2012 | 2
Predator-prey interactions are often viewed as evolutionary arms races; while predators improve their hunting behaviors and their ability to sneak up on their prey, the prey improve upon their abilities to detect and escape from their predators. The problem, of course, is that there is a trade-off between maintaining vigilance – the attention necessary to be consistently aware of others in the environment takes quite a bit of physical and mental energy – and doing all the other things that an animal must do, such as finding its own food. As a result of this trade-off, many social species, especially mammalian and avian species, have developed alarm calls. Alarm calls are specific vocalizations that signal the presence of a danger in the environment to nearby conspecifics, and sometimes contain additional information about the type of threat or predator.
Subsequent to the introduction of predatory birds, howler monkeys on Barro Colorado Island near Panama rapidly developed an alarm call specific for those birds that indicated the presence of an avian predator: something like "danger from above!" They did not merely adapt an already existing alarm call to the new predator, they developed an entirely new one.
In certain cases, some species have developed the additional ability to eavesdrop on the alarm calls of other species, gaining access to an additional source of information relevant to the presence of danger in the environment. This ability could be the consequence of a learned association between the alarm calls of another species and the presence of the predator, or it could be due to certain auditory properties common to the alarm calls of both species. More research is required to tease apart these possibilities. However, until recently, it was thought that the ability to identify and react to the alarm calls of other species was only possible in species that already had vocal communication. Several years ago, however, researchers from Princeton University observed this behavior in an unlikely species – a non-vocal reptile called the Galapagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus).
Prior to this observation, it was thought that non-vocal species, who did not have alarm calls themselves, would not be able to associate complex auditory stimuli with the presence of a predator. The Galapagos marine iguana does not have any vocalizations. Instead, they communicate by using visual and olfactory signals. However, they live among the Galapagos mockingbirds (Mimus parvulus), a species that does have auditory vocalizations and specific alarm calls. Further, since iguanas primarily live on the rocky shoreline, they are often unable to view hawks (their main predator) until it is too late. If they had the ability to eavesdrop on the alarm calls of the mockingbirds, they would possibly be able to engage their anti-predator behaviors significantly earlier and increase their chances of survival.
The researchers recorded two types of vocalizations from the Galapagos mockingbirds: their song calls and their alarm calls, and edited them into soundtracks each containing two or three examples of either type of call. The researchers would find a cluster of juvenile and female iguanas (the hawks mostly ignore the mature males) in three different sites on the coast of Santa Fe Island, and would play back the various mockingbird calls through a portable speaker system.
Previous research indicated that upon detecting a hawk, iguanas who were aggregated in a cluster would scatter in different directions, like many prey animals do, perhaps in an attempt to confuse the predator. Upon playback, the researchers noted the behavior of the iguanas. Their behaviors were coded as "non-response," "alert," (head raise, orienting towards the sound), or "escape" (walking or running away).
Forty-five percent of iguanas showed vigilance behavior during the playback of the alarm call, compared with only 28.1% of iguanas during the playback of the mockingbird songs, a statistically significant difference. This suggests that the Galapagos iguanas are able to eavesdrop on the alarm calls of the mockingbirds and respond accordingly. However, in addition to the type of playback, the time of day and the data collection site were also significant factors in predicting the proportion of iguanas responding to the playbacks.
At each site, the iguanas successfully differentiated between the alarm calls and the songs, responding with escape behaviors more often subsequent to the alarm call. This is the first experimental evidence that a non-vocal species associated the alarm call of a different species with the presence of a nearby predator.
What might account for the different responses among recording sites? The authors speculate that differences in ambient noise could have contributed, resulting in changes in volume or sound quality. As each recording site was on the rocky coast of the island, the sound quality would be subject to wind and the sounds of the ocean. An alternative explanation, however, is that there are true differences between the sites, perhaps owing to slight variations in predator behavior or mockingbird vocalizations. The fact that the hawks on Santa Fe island begin their hunts each day on the northern side of the island and proceed south throughout the day might indeed result in higher predation rates at site three. If the hawks are successful at site three on a given day, they might not have any reason to continue on to sites one or two.
It was also noted that the iguanas were more responsive to the playbacks earlier in the day. One possibility is that these cold-blooded reptiles are more responsive earlier in the day, when their body temperature is lower, and they therefore require more time to escape due to their reduced agility. As the day continues, the sun passes overhead, and their body heat increases, their ability to escape more quickly might improve.
It is particularly impressive that these iguanas appear able to capitalize on the alarm calls of another species, the Galapagos mockingbird. By considering the environmental constraints placed on these iguanas by their specific location on the coast of Santa Fe Island, the elegance of evolution and natural selection becomes apparent.
On Santa Fe Island, hawks routinely approach begin their day hunting in the north, and proceed south throughout the day. It might make sense, therefore, that the iguanas generally orient towards the north so that they would be able to see the hawks coming. However, marine iguanas such as these must orient their bodies directly towards the sun, or at 180 degree angles to it, in order to survive. Without this thermoregulation, they would quickly overheat and die. The realities of their environmental requirements are directly at odds: face north to anticipate predation and risk overheating, or face the sun to avoid overheating and risk being eaten by an unseen hawk. The ability to capitalize on the auditory alarm vocalizations of another species – especially a species less constrained by body temperature needs – could therefore provide significant benefit. The evolution of this ability would allow the iguanas to simultaneously maintain their body temperature while maintaining awareness of potential threats of predation.
In order to confirm this evolutionary explanation, more research would be required to identify whether naive Galapagos iguanas, never exposed to the threat of predation or the calls of the mockingbirds, would recognize and respond to the alarm calls. The other possibility is that this is simply the result of associative learning of complex auditory information. In either case, the eavesdropping ability of this non-vocal reptile species is remarkable. For these iguanas, it truly is a sin to kill a mockingbird.
Vitousek MN, Adelman JS, Gregory NC, & Clair JJ (2007). Heterospecific alarm call recognition in a non-vocal reptile. Biology letters, 3 (6), 632-634. PMID: _PHONE_


text:
Commercial Pre-Closing Loan Processor
Duties and responsibilities:
- Prepare and distribute closing documents for commercial loans via LaserPro
- Work with attorney's offices and title companies to prepare, correct, and approve final closing documents.
- Ability to read and comprehend business entity Bylaws, Articles, Operating Agreements, etc.
- Learn all Loan Policy procedures and have the ability to apply that knowledge to all loan requests
- Learn, understand and retain both internal and external regulatory guidelines to ensure that documents are prepared accurately with strong attention to detail
- Help guide/teach lenders and assistants when finding errors
- A full understanding CRA and HMDA reporting guidelines
- Strong attention to detail and problem solving skills
- Must be a self-starter
- Ability to multi-task and prioritize
- Excellent Computer Skills
- Previous Loan Experience is preferred, but not required
Job Type: Full-time


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In the second part of our series, we will talk about different concepts for Virtual Power Plants on islands and island groups for providing a sustainable and secure power supply.
In the last part, we explained the fundamental question of energy supply on islands. In this part, we will go into more detail on how to provide a secure and ecological power supply on islands: With a Virtual Power Plant, many small generating units can be aggregated to form a secure and efficient island power supply, thus reducing the amount of fossil fuels used.
Virtual Power Plants for the island grid of the future
Self-sufficient island power grids with a large share of renewable energies usually consist of many small-scale, individual units that either consume electricity, produce electricity or store electricity. These units are networked via mobile data connections with a central control station that monitors and controls all events in its area of operation. Together they form a so-called Virtual Power Plant (VPP). The power production of such a Virtual Power Plant can be controlled similar to the power production of any regular large-scale power plant.
In recent years, Virtual Power Plants have shown that they can provide a reliable power supply and that an aggregated system comprised of power producers, consumers and storage facilities is economically sound. Already today, Virtual Power Plants demonstrate that they are an integral asset of a modern power grid. Operations in various national grids prove their usefulness, although at the moment VPPs are only one market player among others.
On islands, though, VPPs would probably be responsible for the entire power supply, including the control of the island power grid. This brings additional benefits such as the forecasting and coordination of decentralized power generators, consumers and storage in real time, the provision of reserve power within seconds, the highly flexible ability to react to weather influences, and much more. This may come in cheaper than installing a centralized infrastructure, but it will definitively be greener and because of the decentralized network topology also safer.
Active integration of electricity consumers into the power grid
In order to make the island's power grid efficient and secure, the consumer side needs to be integrated into the Virtual Power Plant of the island. Large electricity consumers such as hotels or businesses play a decisive role, as their consumption processes are an indicator for the needed flexibility in order to maintain a stable grid. In case of potential power shortages, intelligent load management protects the island's power grid by automatically aligning the electricity production and consumption processes.
For the compensation of voltage peaks and drops, inert power consumption processes are helpful assets of a virtual power plant: Refrigerating machines as well as air conditioning systems are able to briefly throttle or ramp up their compressors by means that do not have a direct effect on their primary objective. This turns ice storage tanks into cold power batteries, for example. Furthermore, processes such as vehicle loading stations, port facilities, pumping stations and other machinery whose maximum consumption can be shifted or throttled over time can be utilized in a similar fashion.
With the help of smart meters,even small electricity consumers such as households and small businesses can provide flexibility to the power grid.
Decentralized infrastructures enable economic development
Decentralized energy infrastructures can not only be built on islands, but also in remote regions far away from the power grid - for example in Africa or Asia, where large areas of land, lack of money and difficult topographical conditions make the construction of large power grids difficult and uneconomical. These are also opportunities for development aid because a well-operated and reliable energy supply is the foundation of any functioning economy and health system.
The development of telecommunication networks in Africa can serve as a model here: Mobile data connections via smartphones, provided by a decentralized wireless cell network, have enabled millions of people to access the Internet – broadband data exchange via fixed and installed network lines plays almost no role in Africa. Similarly, the establishment of a decentralized power grid can provide hands-on development aid and create a power supply that is independent of transporting fossil energy resources.
NEMOCS: The Platform for the Construction of Virtual Power Plants
Intelligent use of digital data for establishing your own power plant swarm
VPPs are very efficient and cost-effective because of their ability to collect and evaluate data for energy generation. The evaluation of feed-in profiles of the individual networked plants allows for the collection of continuous real-time data that can be used for future forecasts and the correction of feed-in schedules. This means that every single power plant contributes to making the network more efficient. In the long run, it means reduced need for fossil energy sources.
Islands are as diverse as renewable energy production
Since no island is similar to the next one, it is impossible to make general statements for VPPs on islands. It is necessary for every island to evaluate the individual possibilities. Meteorological analyses and forecasts also play a vital role. Are there any reliable figures on the wind situation or solar radiation on the island? How many days a year does the wind blow with how much force, how much solar radiation can be expected on average per day? How often do weather changes occur, how likely are cloudy or foggy areas in which seasons? Are there seasons or regular weather conditions with hardly any solar radiation and little wind, which could cause supply bottlenecks and which must be countered with additional generator capacity?
In addition to meteorological analyses, the potential of the island itself should also be explored: Is there volcanic activity on the island that could be used for geothermal energy? Is it possible to build a pumped-storage power plant on a mountain? Is there intensive agriculture that lends to the use of biogas plants? Can the waste produced on the island be processed in waste incineration plants and used to generate electricity and heat? These and many more questions and analyses constitute the renewable energy potential of an island to which the respective Virtual Power Plant can be tailored to.
Perspectives for energy system transformation on islands
Power generation on islands can be seen as windows into the future: While a complex of lobbyism, old-fashioned views on industrial power production, and security concerns regarding the stability of supply are slowing down renewable energies in large economies, renewables can show their strengths in smaller use-cases such as island installations. A well-planned concept can lead to a complete self-sufficient power supply just within years. The island of Samsø is a telling example that even exports energy to the mainland. But to be fair and honest: This prime example takes place in wealthy Denmark.
For the "average island", the economic conditions are usually not as good. Here, it is important to consider how the path to a turnaround towards renewable power production can be achieved by integrating the existing, conventional energy infrastructure. This saves both investment costs and CO2, as the existing diesel generator may only have to be put into operation a quarter of the time previously required. Similar to the automotive industry, hybrid solutions can also pave the way into a purely renewable future. With the strong price difference for solar panels and battery storage systems, this mixed solution offers opportunities even for financially weaker islands.
Worldwide, renewable energies score with low marginal costs, zero emissions and, in the long term, significantly lower electricity prices - not only on islands but also on the mainland. We should encourage and enable islands and remote regions beyond the world's electricity grids to be pioneers on the road to a future of 100 percent renewable energy.


Monday 19 October 2020
History teacher in year 2120 tells class that lockdown of 2020 was 'economic suicide' as everyone saved now dead anyway
history teacher in the future
A humanoid history teacher in the year 2120 has spent the morning telling its class about the great lockdown of 2020, and how the economic cost has been proven to be a complete waste of resources because everyone saved is now dead anyway.
Teacher C3852, recently uploaded with the most recent revision of the early 21st-century history syllabus, explained to a rapt class of young children that although their great grandparents survived the lockdown, they have all ultimately succumbed to other fatal illnesses.
It explained, "The government spent billions trying to save people from the novel coronavirus, it locked down businesses, it basically put everyone under house arrest, and it put the nation into even worse debt.
"It was so bad that the economy shrank by about 10% in 2020. Yet despite all of this, everyone saved by those policies is now dead. So the question I have for you, class, is 'was it worth it'?
"I'd like each of you to write an essay explaining your thinking on the subject, and please bear in mind that the post-Brexit famine killed way more people that Covid, so was worrying about the virus really that big a deal?"
Member of the class, Jake Williams, 11, said that upon hearing all the evidence, he didn't see why any money was spent trying to save people who were only going to die anyway.
He told us, "If I've learned anything from studying our nation's history, it's that my role as an organic unit of economic production is a fleeting one, and I should be grateful for the few moments of pleasure I might be lucky enough to enjoy along the way.
"Anyway, it's maths now, sorry."
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The Prehistory of Asia Minor
- Publication date:November 2010
- 62 b/w illus.
- Dimensions: 253 x 215 mm
- Weight: 0.74kg
- In stock
In this book, Bleda Düring offers an archaeological analysis of Asia Minor, the area equated with much of modern-day Turkey, from 20,000 to 2,000 BC. During this period human societies moved from small-scale hunter-gatherer groups to complex and hierarchical communities with economies based on agriculture and industry. Dr. Düring traces the spread of the Neolithic way of life, which ultimately reached across Eurasia, and the emergence of key human developments, including the domestication of animals, metallurgy, fortified towns, and long-distance trading networks. Situated at the junction between Europe and Asia, Asia Minor has often been perceived as a bridge for the movement of technologies and ideas. By contrast, this book argues that cultural developments followed a distinctive trajectory in Asia Minor from as early as 9,000 BC.
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Mobile Analytics Design Assignment 2023 Business Finance
2023 Mobile Analytics Design Assignment Instruction Note You need the following materials to complete this assignment 1
Mobile Analytics Design Assignment Instruction
You need the following materials to complete this assignment:
1. An active IBM Cognos Analytics account.
2. Please download WA_HR_Training.csv file from myLeo Online onto your computer.
The WA_HR_Training.csv file records information about the costs of HR training courses in a company. The information include in which year a course cost occurs (i.e., the Year column), for which position a course cost occurs (i.e., the Position column), for which department a course cost was spent (i.e., the Department column), etc. Use IBM Cognos Analytics to create a dashboard, and answer the HR manager's following questions:
1. Summarize the Course Cost spent by Year in a bar chart. Sort the chart in a descending order, and answer in which year most course costs were spent.
2. Build a Pie chart to show how Course Cost is spent among Organizations.
3. Use Organization, Department, Position, Internal Hires, External Hires, and Course Cost to build a Driver analysis. What implications can you get from this analysis? Should the manager use one driver or two driver analysis? Which two drivers should be chosen to predict Course Cost? Why? (Hint: You can find Driver analysis under All visualizations when you Change visualization of the chart.)
4. Add a data player controlled by the Year factor, and dynamically show the changes of three charts you created above over the year. (Hint: You can create a data player of Year, and then change the chart type to Data player under All visualizations when you Change visualization of the chart.)
What to Submit
Create a Word document, and name it as "Mobile Analytics Design Project". In the Word document, please make screen captures of charts for questions 1, 2, 3, and 4. Write your interpretations of the results given by the charts. Question 4 has a dynamic chart. You only need to make a screen capture of your chart at one time sport. Any time spot will work.
Please submit the Word document to myLeo Online.
Useful Tips for Completing this Assignment
1. Upload data file. You need to upload WA_HR_Training.csv file to Cognos for data analysis. To upload the file, log in your Cognos account. In the lower left corner of the screen, click New, then Upload Files, as shown below. Find the WA_HR_Training.csv file on your computer, and upload it to Cognos.
2. Create dashboard. Once the data file is uploaded, click the three dot icon, then Create dashboard to start the dashboard building.
3. Save dashboard. To save a dashboard, click the save icon in the upper left corner, and then name the dashboard. You can use any name for the dashboard.
4. Link to your dashboard (Optional).
To generate a link to your dashboard, click the share icon in the upper right corner. I just want to show you this function. It is not required for this assignment. When you can access to the paid version of Cognos, you will be able to share your system design with your colleagues via the link.
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Preparing, Cooking and Using Soybeans
Soybeans can be eaten alone or with the pod and are often served as a vegetable or prepared in the same manner as dried beans. Soybeans are more nourishing; and contain more protein and calories than any other legume. This video shares some tips on preparing, cooking and using soybeans. Visit for more hints and tips on
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i need help on my help on my homework.
the question is SOLVE: 1/x+1=5/2
there is a couple of questions like this one this in my homework, and this is the first one. so i figure that if i can get help on this one that i will be able to do the rest on my own? i would be very grateful if someone could help me please?
ps "/" means divided and then on the second bit it's "5 over 2" thanks.
Well this question is about solving equations so what we need to do first is get x by itself on the left hand side of the equation. We need to take the +1 over to the right hand side where it will become -1 (inverse rule) so the equation is now 1/x = 5/2 - 1 5/2 is the same as 5 divided by 2 which is 2.5 so 2.5 - 1 = 1.5 or 3/2 as a fraction so 1/x = 3/2 now we need to multiply the denominators by the opposite numerators (kriss kross) so we get 2 x 1 = 3 x X 2 = 3X no we divide both sides by 3 so x = 2/3
21 February 2011
thank you very much! your a great help :)!
21 February 2011
A jug is filled with 9/10 of a litre of juice 3/50 of a litre of juice is poured into a glass 7/100 of a litre of juice is poured into another glass how much juice is left in the jug
01 December 2020
Given that R = 4 x + 6 y Find x when y = 4 and R = 11 Give your answer as an improper fraction in its simplest form.
15 December 2020
Kyre has 4 hours to make paper aeroplanes. It takes him 15 seconds to make each one. How many can he make in total?
25 February 2021
The area of a forest covered by rhododendron is being monitored. The number of hectares of forest covered by rhododendron, N, is modelled by the equation N= 150+8 In (4t + 1)- 0.8t^2, t>0 where t is the number of months after monitoring began. Use the equation of the model to answer parts (a) to (d). (a) Find the area of the forest covered by rhododendron when monitoring began. The number of hectares of forest covered by rhododendron reaches its maximum value after T years. (b) (i) Show that Tis a solution of the equation 32P+8t- 160 = 0 ii) Hence find the maximum area of the forest covered by rhododendron. The area of the forest covered by rhododendron is zero after P years. (c) Show that P lies in the interval [15, 16] The iteration formula tn+1187.5+10n(41, +1) with t1 = 15 is used to find the value of P (d) Find the value of P to 3 decimal places.
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Gdhshsbvdbdjddn fv
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