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Research Area E
Methods for Studying Macromolecular Complexes
CEF invested substantial resources into the access to new methods for the analysis of macromolecular complexes. The range of technologies on Riedberg Campus now includes advanced light microscopy, electron microscopy, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, time-resolved optical and IR-spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. They encompass spatial scales from atomic to organismal, concentrations from attomolar to molar, energies from neV to MeV, and time scales from femtoseconds to seconds. CEF scientists also studied single molecules and worked with three-dimensional cultures as well as whole organisms and small tissue sections. Methods were integrated that provided different scales in terms of energy, spatial and temporal resolution. Collaborations between physics, chemistry, mathematics, bioinformatics and the life sciences were fostered.
Time and length scales of the spectroscopic and microscopic techniques available in CEF
for the investigation of structures and dynamics of macromolecular complexes


Original research article
The authors used this protocol in:
Nov 2014
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Analysis of Developing Pollen Grains within Intact Arabidopsis thaliana Anthers by Olympus Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy
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The method consists of imaging developing pollen grains as they form within intact, immature Arabidopsis thaliana anthers. Using two-photon excitation in the infrared wavelength range, the intrinsic fluorescence (autofluorescence) of developing pollen grains and surrounding sporophytic tissues of the anther wall, including the tapetum, middle layer, endothecium and epidermis, can be visualized in the three-dimensional space of an intact anther. In contrast to conventional confocal microscopy, the application of red-shifted light by two-photon microscopy improves depth penetration into specimens, while the scattering of light and subsequent phototoxicity is minimized, making this a superior method for imaging the developing pollen grains and tapetal cells enclosed within anthers. The technique described was optimized for the detection of autofluorescent components of the pollen wall, including sporopollenin and the pollen coat, and provided spatial and developmental data on the autofluorescent metabolites in anthers of wild-type and pollen wall mutant plants (Quilichini et al., 2014). The use of two-photon imaging of live, intact anthers holds potential for future studies aimed at understanding the spatial relationship between gametophytic and sporophytic tissues during pollen development and the distribution of metabolites or fluorescently-tagged proteins within developing anthers.
Materials and Reagents
 1. Ruler with millimetre divisions
 2. Glass bottom Petri dishes (MatTek Corporation, catalog number: P35G-1.5-14C )
 3. Coverslips (No.1.5, 0.17 mm thick, 22 x 22) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog number 12-541B )
 4. Transfer pipettes 1.5 ml
 5. Arabidopsis thaliana plants in the flowering stage
 6. Non-toxic food-grade paraffin wax maintained in a liquid state at 40 ºC in a paraffin bath (Thera-Band, catalog number: 24050 )
 7. Distilled water
 1. Spectra-Physics MaiTai HP Titanium:Sapphire mode-locked pulsed laser, with tuneable wavelengths spanning 690 to 1,040 nm.
 2. Olympus Fluoview 1000 scan head (Olympus America Inc., model: FV1000MPE ) modified by Olympus for two-photon imaging by the inclusion of a light path for the pulsed laser input and the housing for the non-descanned, multialkali side window photomultiplier tubes (PMTs).
 3. Olympus BX61WI upright microscope
 4. Olympus multiphoton microscope filter cube (440/40 bandpass filter) (OLYMPUS, model: FV10-MRVGR/XR 4CH NDD FILTER )
 5. Olympus multiphoton microscope dedicated objective lens optimized for transmitting IR light (25x, 1.05 numerical aperture, 2.0 mm working distance) (OLYMPUS, model: FV10-SNPXLU )
 6. Light tight, custom made multiphoton microscope enclosure. To build an enclosure, aluminum extruded components (Item North America) and flat-black painted fibre board can be used
 7. Forceps for fine dissections (Electron Microscopy Sciences, catalog number: 72700-D )
 8. Olympus stereomicroscope (magnification range of 6.3-63x) (OLYMPUS, model: SZX10 )
 1. Olympus FluoView FV10-ASW 3.01
 2. Spectra-Physics MaiTai Control laser software
 3. Volocity version 6.1.1 software package
 Note: ImageJ 1.47v can also be used to process images.
New users learning to operate an Olympus two-photon microscope or similar system should be supervised by an experienced user or technician. The protocol described herein is specific to the Olympus system and should only be used as a supplementary resource when operating other two-photon imaging platforms.
 1. Microscope set-up
 1. Operating the MaiTai laser.
 Turn the laser power on, tune the laser to the desired wavelength and open the shutter using the Spectra-Physics MaiTai Control (see Figure 1). Although the laser can be operated through FluoView or separately through the Spectra-Physics MaiTai Control application, it is recommended to turn the laser on through the Spectra-Physics application, independently from the FluoView software, to prevent laser shut down in the case of software malfunctions.
 1. Turning the laser on.
 The laser should be set to 800 nm when not in operation (Figure 1, left panel) and should warm up at this wavelength (Figure 1, middle panel). Select and hold down 'ON' to turn the laser on (Figure 1, left panel). Wait for the laser to begin pulsing (indicated by the green box under 'Pulsing') and the IR Power level (indicated by a red bar) to stabilize (Figure 1, middle panel). Ensure that laser pulsing (mode-lock) status is reached.
 2. Tuning the laser to the imaging wavelength.
 After a 30 min laser warm-up, the infrared (IR) power level should be stabilized. Tune the laser set wavelength from 800 nm to 720 nm by entering the imaging wavelength '720', 'enter' to tune the laser to this wavelength (Figure 1, right panel). Ensure the IR Power reaches 2.49 watts when using 720 nm and 3% laser power. Also ensure the correct 720 nm wavelength is entered in the Fluoview software Acquisition settings under Laser.
 Note: As you change laser wavelength, IR Power also changes. To obtain consistent emission power at different wavelengths, the laser power must be adjusted each time the laser wavelength is changed. Enter the correct laser wavelength in FluoView, in the Acquisition Settings Panel under Laser.
 3. Open the reflected light shutter.
 Click on the closed (grey) shutter button to switch the shutter to the open (yellow) position (Figure 1). Manually open the shutter on the microscope unit, located beside the filter wheel.
 Figure 1. MaiTai laser operation through the Spectra-Physics Laser Control interface. From left to right: Adjusting laser parameters as shown turns the laser power on and tunes the laser to the desired wavelength. Starting with the left panel, the laser power is off and set to 800 nm by the previous user. Select and hold down 'ON' to turn on the laser on. Wait for the laser to begin pulsing (indicated by the green box under 'Pulsing') and the IR Power level (indicated by a red bar) to stabilize. After sufficient laser warm-up, tune the laser to the imaging wavelength of 720 nm. Ensure the IR Power level stabilizes. Click on the closed (grey) shutter button to switch the reflected light shutter to the open (yellow) position.
 2. Install the objective.
 Select a clean objective and screw into position on the microscope. For the Olympus FV1000MPE multiphoton microscope, the XLPLN 25x water immersion objective is recommended, as it is optimized for multiphoton imaging (Figure 2A). Select the correct objective in the FluoView Acquisition Settings Panel, under Microscope.
 3. Filter cube selection.
 Select the Olympus BFP/GFP/RFP/Ds Red filter cube, with 440/40 bandpass filter (420-460 nm; Figure 2B). Always handle the filter cube with gloves. Screw the filter cube into place within the filter cube chamber located behind the filter wheel and sliders.
 4. Adjusting objective lens and stage position.
 The microscope stage can be adjusted in the x- and y-axes with the joystick control (Figure 2C). To move the objective lens in the z-axis, towards or away from the specimen, use the focus remote controller (Figure 2D).
 Figure 2. Adjustable microscope hardware. A. The Olympus XLPlan N 25X W MP objective lens, recommended for multiphoton imaging. B. Olympus filter cube (FV10-MRVGR/XR 4CH NDD FILTER, BFP/GFP/RFP/Ds Red, 380-560 nm). C. Stage control joystick. D. Focus remote control.
 5. Directing the light path.
 For transmitted light viewing or two-photon imaging, different light path configurations are required. For transmitted light viewing, the sliders must be in the outward position to allow light to move to the oculars (Figure 3A) and the filter wheel should be in the DICT position (Figure 3C). For four-channel two-photon imaging, ensure both sliders are in (Figure 3B) and move the filter wheel to position 2 (Figure 3D). For the Olympus FV1000 MPE system, the R690 position on the filter wheel is meant for two-photon imaging and the DICT position allows transmitted light viewing.
 Figure


Creative Design Process Tools
August 19, 2019
3 fast tools to help with creative design process
1. Stakeholder Alignment Canvas Exercise:
Before you can design your event, you need to understand who you are designing for. The old saying, "You can keep some people happy some of the time, but not all people all the time" is very true. This four-step process map allows you to think outside of the standard financial and hierarchical stakeholder list and together agree which stakeholders provide the most impact.
Step 1: For 5 min and without discussion create a long list of all the people who could have anything at stake when it comes to the event. Stakeholders can be trivial to fundamental to the events success. Write them on sticky notes and put them on the long list section. As the writer sticks them to the Canvas they vocalise them so everyone can hear them. But no discussion or justification should be given.
Step 2: For 1 minute and without discussion take that long list and plot the stakeholders on the matrix, showing their level of power (can they stop the event from happening) and interest they have in the event (do they want to be involved in its design, do they need certain things to happen at the event for the event to be successful). After the 1 minute is up the team can discuss and debate the location on the Canvas, but for no more than 5 minutes.
Step 3: Stop the debate and ask the team to define and agree upon the overarching aim of the event. In a short statement what is the purpose of the event? What makes it successful. Once that is complete move to step 4.
Step 4: Re-evaluate the Stakeholder's location on the Matrix referencing each against the Overarching Aim. This step will help you be sure the stakeholders belong in the top quadrant High Power and High Interest. These are the stakeholders we design for first because they provide the biggest impact and therefore value.
2. Retrospective Chart
This is a great tool to get the design team's thoughts on previous activations. Allowing everyone to evaluate past activities and understand how they can be improved upon for the future. It is important that all activities during live events provide a return on investment. This simple chart helps align the team on the past and work towards the future.
Step 1: Write on the chart (or sticky notes) all the things that were successful at the event.
Step 2: Write on the chart (or sticky notes) all the things that were successful at the event.
Step 3: For every item plan a next action. Keep, Cut, Elaborate, Refine, Sideline.
3- Brain Buckets – Idea Prioritization.
The best brainstorming outcomes arrive when we put no constraint or feasibility on the ideas. A million-dollar idea that isn't in the budget might spark a five dollar idea that is. Therefore, we always tell people there are no bad ideas and write them all down. However, presented with a huge list of ideas, it can be challenging to sort th
rough them. It is nessecary to evaluate them based on their importance and feasible taking into account time and budget constraints etc.
Step 1: Brainstorm a giant list of ideas (sticky notes) that can solve the event challenges you face. These could be technologies, décor, food or any other elements. Do not disqualify anything because of time, budget or difficulty.
Step 2: Take the notes and plot them on the Idea Prioritization chart or sort them into buckets based on Low Cost/Low Difficulty Low Cost/High Difficulty High Cost/Low Difficulty High Cost/High Difficulty.
Step 3: Discuss as a team which idea/s is the most balanced and which will return the best results for the cost and effort.


Friday, 17 June 2016
Two Aces (playing cards)
Cards seems to be among the favourite methods for casting I Ching hexagrams so I started thinking about other ways to use them.
A big advantage of cards is that they are easily available everywhere and also that there are a variety of decks that are both beautifully designed and inspirational. I believe it's rather easy to find a couple of cards that fits nicely with your way of consulting the I Ching.
The method presented here is very easy to remember and can be adapted to many different type of cards: standard bridge cards, regional cards, tarots, etc.
It needs two cards for wich you can distinguish the orientation (up or down). In the presentation of the method I will use the Ace of Spades and the Ace of Hearts that (in the most common decks) have a clear orientation. Proceed as follows:
 1. Shuffle the two cards rotating them independently while shuffling (very important!)
 2. Turn the cards and look at the topmost one:
 - If it's the Ace of Spades, draw ;
 - If it's the Ace of Hearts, draw ;
 3. If the two cards are both oriented upward, it's a moving line;
 4. Repeat steps 1-3 other five times drawing the hexagram from the bottom to the top.
The image below shows all the possible outcomes:
Counting from the image above, it's easy to see that this method has exactly the same probabilities as the three coins method:
Prob(6) = Prob(9) = 1/8 = 12.5%
Prob(8) = Prob(7) = 3/8 = 37.5%
Any cards that have a definite orientation will do. Here is an example with the classical tarot of Marseille (the Sun has been assigned to yang, the Moon to yin):
Ace cards image by Byron Knoll.
Tarot cards from Rafael Ferraro site.
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text:
Activity: Lens 3: Use of technology
Activity designed for the OULDI-LSBU workshop May 2010
Cloud created by:
10 May 2010
In this activity you will look at your learning design with a focus on your use of technology. For this exercise the term 'technology' can be broadly interpreted. Ensure that pedagogy informs your choice of technology, not the other way round!
Choose whether you want to explore the use of technology for 1) curriculum design, or 2) course delivery and/or assessment
Tools and resources
Your whole module outcomes(s)
Your Course Map
CompendiumLD stickers (see below) and an A3 piece of paper (option 1)
Scissors and pens (option 1)
eTivity templates (option 2)
Option 1: CompendiumLD Task Swimlane Activity (25 mins)
- Choose just one week from your Storyboard to focus on
- Using the CompendiumLD stickers (and the guide if you like) map out the weeks' learning as far as you can at this stage
- Using the different technology stalls and the Pheobe teaching and learning guidance, choose technologies that are pedagogically appropriate
- In the 'Intent and challenges' column explain why you have chosen the technologies you have and the challenges you may face in implementing them.
Option 2: Using eTivities for delivery and/or assessment (25 mins)
- Examine your Storyboard for an opportunity to use an eTivity to engage the students in a learning or assessment activity.
- With reference to the Salmon 5 stage model (in your pack), design an activity that takes account of the stage of the students, according to the model.
- Use the eTivity (spark; purpose; task; response) template to set out the activity. Be sure to set clear parameters, including deadlines, for the activity.
- In the 'Intent and challenges' frame, briefly set out why you have chosen this activity and list the resources that will need to be employed in its execution.
To finish (5 minutes)
- Transfer your notes to your Storyboard
- Check to see if your Course Map needs updating based on the work you have just done
- Identify action points for your plan

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Pine Barrens Treefrog
- Family: Hylidae
- Adult Size: Adults measure 1¼ to 1¾ inches in total length. Males are slightly larger than females.
- Range: Pine barrens treefrogs are recorded from New Jersey, North and South Carolina, Alabama, and the Florida panhandle, in three disjunct populations.
- Habitat: Pine barrens treefrogs are often found in brushy areas, near hillside seeps or in peat bogs. They appear to use the lowest levels of the brush. Sandhills and pine barrens also appear to be suitable habitat. Adult pine barrens treefrogs are terrestrial for the most part, living near spring-fed pools and other aquatic environs.
- Captive Lifespan: 2 to 5 Years
- Care Level: Intermediate
Pine barrens treefrogs are a beautiful green coloration with a deep brown mask that fades to lavender as it extends down the lateral aspect of the frog's body. The lateral stripe has a vivid, cream or white, border.
As adults, pine barrens treefrogs feed on appropriately sized invertebrates. The larval stage feeds on aquatic vegetation and algae.
This frog is protected throughout its entire range. It was afforded "endangered" status by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from 1977 to 1983. As with many endangered species, the activities of man have greatly reduced suitable habitat for these frogs. The destruction of wetlands for development has rendered many of the historical breeding pools unsuitable for these delicate anurans.
Because they are protected in all the states where they occur, it is illegal to possess these frogs in captivity without special permits.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
From this article on Sum of Euler totient function we have the following tree:
enter image description here
We know that if $p$ is prime, $\phi(p) = p - 1$, that is, $\phi(11) = 11 - 1 = 10$.
It's obvious that the above tree has a main stem and the $\phi$ branches finally reach this stem. The important number to obtain is the power of $2$ at which the $\phi$ of a number reach to the stem. This would help to determine the $\phi(n)$ for arbitrary n, specifically if it becomes possible, it would lead to prime numbers identification.
Another important note can be the reverse scan of tree. As an example, consider the number $4$ in the main stem. The numbers ${5, 13, 11}$ reach to main stem on number $4$. What if we could obtain that list for arbitrary $2^n$?
Any solution to these problems?
share|improve this question
Suppose you know the 73rd iteration of $\phi$ on $n$ is $2^{100}$. How does that help you determine $\phi(n)$? How does it help you to identify primes? Note also that $\phi(2^n+1)=2^n$ if and only if $2^n+1$ is prime, so finding the numbers that reach the stem at $2^n$ is no easier than finding the Fermat primes --- which is hard. – Gerry Myerson Dec 6 '12 at 0:48
_USER_, every mathematics mystery has been solved by a conjecture and then proving, extending and correcting that.. The visual appearance of tree seems interesting so I asked to extend the idea – Mohsen Afshin Dec 6 '12 at 6:32
Maybe so, but...what does that have to do with the topic at hand? Have you made a conjecture here? I don't see one. – Gerry Myerson Dec 6 '12 at 10:27
Look at here math.stackexchange.com/questions/249982/… – Mohsen Afshin Dec 6 '12 at 11:28
Sorry, I don't see what that has to do with my first comment on this question. – Gerry Myerson Dec 6 '12 at 11:45
1 Answer 1
Factoring and computing the Euler totient function are known to be equivalent for arbitrary numbers, not just semiprimes. See the response here: _URL_
You can see some approaches and algorithms here: _URL_ or _URL_
This might also be useful in exploring the problem more: _URL_
Here is a calculator for up to 20 digit numbers: _URL_
You could always use a Computer Algebra System (CAS) or use WA: _URL_
Lastly, you could type things like this in WA: Table[{k, EulerPhi[k]}, {k,0,100}].
Regards - A
share|improve this answer
Useful for small numbers but not for thousand digits numbers – Mohsen Afshin Dec 5 '12 at 13:35
Recall that this problem is equivalent to the Factoring problem. Does that make sense? – Amzoti Dec 5 '12 at 13:39
Nice, Amzoti! $\;+\,\uparrow\,$ – amWhy May 16 '13 at 2:04
It is, indeed, a slow night! I took a break and went to get a prescription filled/bit of shopping. I prefer to shop in "off hours" to avoid crowds! E.g., 8-9 pm-ish, my time. – amWhy May 16 '13 at 2:09
Your Answer


Can a Way of Astral Self Monk use wisdom related scores for jumping?
I have several questions on the interactions between the Arms of Astral Self and the Jumping mechanics. According to the 3rd level feature, Arms of the Astral Self:
While the spectral arms are present, you gain the following benefits:
 - You can use your Wisdom modifier in place of your Strength modifier when making Strength checks and Strength saving throws.
 - You can use the spectral arms to make unarmed strikes.
 - When you make an unarmed strike with the arms on your turn, your reach for it is 5 feet greater than normal.
 - The unarmed strikes you make with the arms can use your Wisdom modifier in place of your Strength or Dexterity modifier for the attack and damage rolls, and their damage type is force.
The Jumping session of the PHB states:
Long Jump
This rule assumes that the height of your jump doesn't matter, such as a jump across a stream or chasm. At your DM's option, you must succeed on a DC 10 Strength (Athletics) check to clear a low obstacle (no taller than a quarter of the jump's distance), such as a hedge or low wall. Otherwise, you hit it.
High Jump
When you make a high jump, you leap into the air a number of feet equal to 3 + your Strength modifier (minimum of 0 feet) if you move at least 10 feet on foot immediately before the jump. When you make a standing high jump, you can jump only half that distance. Either way, each foot you clear on the jump costs a foot of movement. In some circumstances, your DM might allow you to make a Strength (Athletics) check to jump higher than you normally can.
You can extend your arms half your height above yourself during the jump. Thus, you can reach above you a distance equal to the height of the jump plus 1½ times your height.
My questions would be, assuming that I have Arms of the Astral Self activated:
 1. Can I use my Wisdom Score instead of my strenght score to determine my long jump distance?
 2. Can I make a Wisdom (Athletics) check instead of a Strenght (Athletics) check?
 3. Can I use my Wisdom modifier instead of my Strenght modifier to determine my high jump's height?
 4. Can the extra 5 feet range of the Arms of Astral Self be used when accounting for "extending your arms half your height above yourself" on the high jump, making it 1½ your height + 5 feet instead of only 1½ your height?
I am aware that some of the answers to these questions are up to DM discretion, so I would like to know, if possible, what would be the RAW interpretation and also how would you rule it in your games.
In advance, I'm extremely grateful to whoever takes time to answer these 🙂
Does a PF2e spellcaster who takes multiclass dedications into other spellcasting classes, and related spellcasting feats, gain more spell slots?
Ezren is a level 10 evocation wizard, and hence would have spell slots of the following levels:
+-------------+-----------------+ | Spell level | Number of slots | +-------------+-----------------+ | 1 | 4 | | 2 | 4 | | 3 | 4 | | 4 | 4 | | 5 | 4 | +-------------+-----------------+
However, at level 2 Ezren took the Sorcerer multiclass dedication. At level 4 he took Basic Sorcerer Spellcasting, and Bloodline Breadth at level 8.
How many spell slots does Ezren have in a given day? Is it:
Because at level 8, spellcasting archetype feats grant an additional spell slot of first, second and third level, AND the bloodline breadth feat increases each of these by one?
Or do these sources of spell slots not stack for some reason? Coming from fifth edition, a wizard who multiclasses sorcerer still has the same number of spell slots as a pure wizard, so I'd like to clarify my understanding here.
Is it possible for the runtime and input size in an algorithm to be inversely related?
I'm wondering if it's possible for algorithms that have monotonically decreasing runtime with the input-size – just as a fun mental exercise. If not, is it possible to disprove this claim? I haven't been able to come up with an example or counterexample so far, and this sounds like an interesting problem.
P.S. Something like $ O(\frac{1}{n})$, I guess (if it exists)
Help understanding a theorem Kleinberg proves related to sequence alignment
This is from Kleinberg's Algorithm Design text (Theorem 6.14)
Let $ M$ be an alignment of $ X$ and $ Y$. If $ (m, n) \notin M$, then either the $ m^{\text{th}}$ position of $ X$ or the $ n^{\text{th}}$ position of $ Y$ is not matched in $ Y$.
The theorem does not state that $ m, n$ must be the last elements of $ X$ and $ Y$ respectively, but earlier, when introducing the topic, he uses $ m, n$ to denote the last entries of the two strings. Which of these is correct?
Unrelated applications like games accessing 'webcache' related files
As title suggests im wondering if a game,for example, has any business accessing 'webcache_counters'.
After attempting to clean my webcachev01 file due to its oddly large filesize given the fact i dont use IE or Microsoft Edge at all, I noticed in processexplorer that alot of my random applications were accessing a file with the suffix 'webcache_counters' followed by a string of numbers I'd imagine to be a registry key.
Strange thing about this handle is that i cant view its properties nor close the handle. With the first saying that it is 'Unable to query' and the latter saying i lack administrative rights. To clarify I am the sole user and administrator on this machine.
All this is having me increasingly worried, ive been having recent fears of malware on my PC and this has appeared in my rigourous inquiry of my files and processes. How can an innocuous sounding file/handle bar me from even closing it in process explorer?
Create dynamic sql query to select all related data in DB based on entry table and ID
Hope all is well. I am hoping you can help me.
Problem Statement – I'm tasked to create a dynamic SQL statement which will select all related data from a given table where the Identifier is passed. For each table where the relevant data is found i would like the data to be exported onto a separate tab of within excel
If i was doing this manually done this i would perform the following queries and export the data onto each tab;
Select * from Mason where id = 12345 Select * from MasonContacts where Companyid= 12345 Select * from MasonOpportunities where Comid = 12345
However given the sheer volume of tables this isn't viable.
Step 1 : Type in my identifier (in this case my identifier is a field called "Id" in the Table "Mason") The query will always start from this table.
Table Name : Mason Field : Id = "12345"
Step 2 : Search against table "MasonContacts", search against the field "Companyid". Return all columns & records where the field "Companyid = 12345"
Table Name : MasonContacts Field : Companyid
Step 3 : Search against table "Mason Opportunities ", search against the field "Comid". Return all columns & records where the field "Company = 12345"
Table Name : MasonOpportunities Field : Comid
Looking forward to your help
Spam Mail Related to my Browsing
I was searching google to find a good printer to buy. To my horror, the next day I got a spam mail with theme "Print smarter at low price". Is this a coincidence or is my PC breached? What should I do? No alerts from Anti-Virus. Or can that webpage I opened install some malware? I didn't click on anything there.
Databases and B-Trees: What are Keys and how are they related
I confused about the description & definition of "key" occuring as terminology for databases and b-trees.
In first case dealing with theory of databases a key is defined as a choice for a in certain sense minimal (see below) subset $ K \subset A := \{A_1,A_2,…,A_n\}$ of a fixed set of attributes $ A_i$ parametrizing a data table (consisting of relations; a single relation is abstraction of a row in the table), where each attribute is literally a column specifying a property of objects = relations.
A key is characterized by property that there exist no two different relations (a relation is a row) which have exactly the same values for all attributes which belong to the key. And a key is a minimal subset with this property, ie there not exist a proper smaller subset of attributes contained in the key and having the property described in last sentence. Clearly keys are not unique. So the set of a keys is certain subset of the power set of the set attributes $ A_i$. See also here:
On the other hand the key concept occures as well for b-trees:
Here keys are a priori numbers or integers and different knots of b-tree contain different totally ordered subsets of keys


Petrographic assessment and mineralogical analysis with polarised light microscopy.
Identification of minerals and textures and classification of rocks with polarised light microscopy
The study and analysis of thin sections and metallographic specimens using transmitted polarised and reflected light microscopy for opaque phases is one of the main techniques used for the petrographic assessment of samples and is essential in areas such as mining and oil exploration.
Caracterización petrográfica
Microscopic photography and digital imaging
Mineralogical and petrographic reports include microscopic photographs representative of all the detectable minerals and textures. Morphometry software and imaging are also available specifically for microscopy, enabling the digital processing of images to measure distances, areas, perimeters and angles and to conduct automatic matrices and coarse-grain quantification and the automatic counting of grains.
Quantification of mineral phases: modal counting
escOrsa has an automated stage to perform counts on thin sections. This stage sweeps the thin section, following a regular grid pattern to determine the exact proportion of minerals present in the rock.
escOrsa has its own laboratory for the thin-section preparation of rocks, minerals and polished metallographic specimens.


text:
Thermally crosslinked polyimide hollow fiber membranes for natural gas purification
MetadataShow full item record
Robust industrially relevant membranes for CO₂ removal from aggressive natural gas feed streams were developed and characterized. Asymmetric hollow fiber membranes with defect-free selective skin layers on an optimized porous support substructure were successfully spun and subsequently stabilized by covalent crosslinking within the economical membrane formation process. Thermal treatment conditions, which promote sufficient crosslinking without introducing defects or undesired substructure resistance, were identified. It was found that crosslinking improves membrane efficiency and plasticization resistance as well as mechanical strength of fibers. The capability to maintain attractive separation performance under realistic operating conditions and durability against deleterious impurities suggests that the crosslinked fibers have great potential for use in diverse aggressive applications, even beyond the CO₂/CH₄ example explored in this work.


text:
A guitar string has a linear density of 8.30 x 10^-4 kg/m. The
length of the string is.660 m. The tension in the string is 56.7
N. When the fundamental frequency of the string is sounded with a
tuning fork of frequency 196.0 Hz, what beat frequency is
Is the answer 8Hz?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


wrc - Man Page
Wine Resource Compiler
wrc [options] [inputfile...]
The source file is preprocessed with a builtin ANSI-C compatible preprocessor before the resources are compiled. See Preprocessor below.
-D, --define=id[=val]
Define preprocessor identifier id to (optionally) value val. See also Preprocessor below.
Win32 only; set output byte-ordering, where e is one of n[ative], l[ittle] or b[ig]. Only resources in source-form can be reordered. Native ordering depends on the system on which wrc was built. You can see the native ordering by typing wrc -h.
-h, --help
Prints a summary message and exits.
-i, --input=file
-I, --include-dir=path
Add path to include search directories. path may contain multiple directories, separated with ':'. It is allowed to specify -I multiple times. Include files are searched in the order in which the -I options were specified.
-J, --input-format=format
-l, --language=lang
Set default language to lang. Default is the neutral language 0 (i.e. "LANGUAGE 0, 0").
-m16, -m32, -m64
Generate resources for 16-bit, 32-bit or 64-bit platforms respectively. The only difference between 32-bit and 64-bit is whether the _WIN64 preprocessor symbol is defined.
Specify the directory to search for the NLS files containing the codepage mapping tables.
Ignored for compatibility with windres.
-o, -fo, --output=file
Write output to file. Default is inputfile.res with.rc stripped or wrc.tab.res if input is read from standard input.
-O, --output-format=format
Sets the output format. The supported formats are po, pot, res, and res16. If this option is not specified, the format defaults to res.
In po mode, if an output file name is specified it must match a known language name, like en_US.po; only resources for the specified language are output. If no output file name is specified, a separate.po file is created for every language encountered in the input.
Enable the generation of resource translations based on mo files loaded from the specified directory. That directory must follow the gettext convention, in particular it must contain one.mo file for each language, and a LINGUAS file listing the available languages.
Ignored for compatibility with rc.
Prefix the standard include paths with dir.
--utf8, -u
Set the default codepage of the input file to UTF-8.
-U, --undefine=id
Ignored for compatibility with windres.
-v, --verbose
Turns on verbose mode (equivalent to -d 1).
Print version and exit.
The preprocessor sets by default several defines:
RC_INVOKED set to 1
__WRC__ Major version of wrc
__WRC_MINOR__ Minor version of wrc
__WRC_PATCHLEVEL__ Patch level
Win32 compilation mode also sets _WIN32 to 1.
Language Support
'00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08'
wrc was written by Bertho A. Stultiens and is a nearly complete rewrite of the first wine resource compiler (1994) by Martin von Loewis. Additional resource-types were contributed by Ulrich Czekalla and Albert den Haan. Many cleanups by Dimitrie O. Paun in 2002-2003. Bugfixes have been contributed by many Wine developers.
- The preprocessor recognizes variable argument macros, but does not expand them correctly.
- Default memory options should differ between win16 and win32.
There is no support for:
- PUSHBOX control is unsupported due to lack of original functionality.
Bugs can be reported on the Wine bug tracker.
See Also
Wine documentation and support.
Referenced By
winebuild(1), winegcc(1), wmc(1).
October 2005 Wine 6.7 Wine Developers Manual


text:
P. 4171. A generator produces electrical power of 40 kW, when operating at a voltage of 2 kV. The load is connected to the generator through a transmission line of resistance 10.
a) How much power is dissipated during the transmission of electrical energy?
b) Find the efficiency of the transmission of electrical energy.
c) What are the above asked values if at both ends of the transmission lines an ideal transformer is used to step up or step down the voltage. Both transformers can step up or down the voltage by a factor of 10.


I'm an Underworked Planner and I'm Losing Heart
The last two posts discussed strategies for overworked planners. But that's not the case for everyone. What if a planner is underworked and losing inspiration?
First, let's consider why this might happen.
 - You are faster at tasks than the average planner.
 - The organization has a temporary logjam of expertise in your area. Assignments are spread around or go to those with the longest tenure.
 - Managers can't reassign work because of rigid or obsolete job descriptions, or competition between departments.
 - The work is there, but approvals, agreements, grants, or contracts are gummed up, preventing you from starting or causing a mid-course pause until decisions are worked out.
 - Your supervisor doesn't trust you to complete important tasks and steers assignments away from you.
A sign of underwork is your relationship to time: rather than seeking to slow down the clock so you can get more done by the end of the day, the underworked planner wants it to speed up so the day is over sooner.
A natural human reaction to underwork is to keep it quiet. Planners develop coping strategies and may disguise their underwork, such as participating in unnecessary or lengthy meetings. But over time, underwork can erode motivation and self-confidence. It can lead to an unprofessional attitude and poor performance. Later on, when a planner reflects back on their career, "avoided overwork" is not the best legacy.
The planner should seek to understand the reasons for underwork, such as distinguishing between temporary underwork and underwork as a long-term condition. If your supervisor doesn't trust you with certain assignments, for example, it is best to know that and take appropriate action. It could also mean you are about to be laid off or fired.
Here are some strategies for responding to underwork:
Ask your supervisor for formal and informal feedback on your performance.
If there are issues regarding reliability, skill, attention to detail, or getting along with others, take steps to address them.
Ask your supervisor for new assignments.
There is a natural reluctance to do this since underwork could quickly turn into overwork, but you shouldn't be underutilized at work over the long term. If you ask for new assignments your supervisor will take note of the initiative.
Ask your supervisor if you can be temporarily shared.
Can you work with other departments in your organization, or in consulting, shared with other offices?
Propose initiatives and special projects that add value to the work you do.
For example, a planner who writes staff reports could develop a flowchart of approval processes and facilitate work process improvements as part of an inter-departmental working group.
Propose new initiatives that reasonably relate to your work scope.
If you are in local government, listen to what council members and the city manager are dealing with and think of how you could help respond to problems or take advantage of opportunities. For example, you could apply for a grant that would fund technical studies that the city needs, such as preparing a climate action plan. If you are a consultant, you could offer to research a new business line or territory.
Use your lack of stress at work to carve out time to volunteer outside of work.
If underwork is combined with boring work, find an outlet outside work that is fulfilling.
Look for a new job in an organization that will take full advantage of your talents.
There isn't a necessarily a sweet spot between too much and not enough work — the inspiring planners I meet usually have too much on their plate. Some of them may dream of a few days of underwork, but in the long-term, fully engaging your talents is the most satisfying path.
Top image: Getty Images photo.
About the Author
Richard Willson, FAICP
October 16, 2018
By Richard Willson, FAICP


Famous Mocktails in the world, lets look here
1. Virgin DaiquiriAn ideal Virgin Daiquiri is the ideal non-mixed beverage that individuals can appreciate during summers. It is a solidified beverage made of lime, strawberries, sugar, and ice. Pineapples are likewise utilized every now and then with different fixings and it is served in split or destroyed ice.
2. Virgin Mint Lemonade
Another late spring hit, this beverage is effectively made inside the space of a couple of minutes. It is made of 2 cups of sugar, 2 cups of crisp lime juice, 6 cups of water, ½ some mint leaves. The planning includes blending 2 cups every one of sugar and water to make syrup. Blend the rest of the 4 cups of water and 2 cups of crisp lime squeeze independently. Combine the two and after that present with ice or refrigerate for an hour to serve chilled. The alcoholic rendition of this mocktail can be presented with 2 cups of vodka and is additionally a well known beverage as well.
3. Nuclear Cat
This straightforward mocktail is produced using blending equivalent amounts of squeezed orange and tonic water. The beverage can be served by emptying it into a glass of squashed ice. It is again better to utilize crisp squeeze rather than canned juices and squeezed orange is likewise simple to get ready comfortable. It is typically served in popular glasses and introduction is a significant part of serving this beverage.
5. Pomegranate Spritzer
The pomegranate spritzer is known to be an extremely cosmopolitan beverage and is comprised of various flavors. Its fixings are one lemon, pomegranates, soda, seltzer and ice 3D squares. Blend around 2 cups of soda in pomegranate juice, pound the ice 3D shapes and fill them into wine glasses. Add the seltzer to the blend of the soda and pomegranate squeeze and fill the wine glasses. Utilize a peeler to strip off the skin off a lemon and drop a little touch of the lemon strip into each glass.
7. Virgin Mary
The Virgin Mary is the non-alcoholic option in contrast to the Bloody Mary which is likewise a monstrously prominent mixed drink. It is made by blending 4 ounces of tomato squeeze, a dash of lemon juice, a large portion of a tablespoon of Worcester sauce and two or three drops of Tabasco sauce and is served in a glassful of wine.
8. Non-alcoholic Fizz
The Non-alcoholic Fizz is the option in contrast to the Madras mixed drink and is profoundly famous with ladies in all pieces of the world. The beverage is produced using 3 ounces every one of squeezed orange, cranberry squeeze, and club soft drink.
9. Mojito
The non-alcoholic Mojito is known in numerous pieces of the world by this name. This beverage has indistinguishable fixings from in a Mojito spare the liquor. The blend incorporates 8-10 mint leaves squashed in 1/3 glassful of ice, 3 ounces of lime squeeze, a few spoons of sugar syrup which can likewise be effectively arranged and some club soft drink. The beverage is cool and exceedingly reviving and is likewise extremely solid as a result of the mint and the lime. It functions admirably on sultry summer days to help cut the warmth down.
10. Exemplary Shirley Temple
The Classic Shirley Temple is a beverage that grown-ups and children appreciate similarly. It is a straightforward beverage comprised of some lime, 2 teaspoonfuls of grenadine, 1 teaspoonful squeezed orange and a cut of orange or cherry. The beverage can be served in a glass of ice squashed or something else. The nearness of a mixed drink stick or a cut of lime likewise adds well to the beverage.
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Co-funded by
the European Union
European Consumer Centre (ECC) Italy Bolzano office
Souvenirs from Bella Italia? Pay responsibly, pay attention!
"They have succeeded in accumulating a greater mass of objects, but the joy in the world has grown less", warned Dostoevskij. Such a monition can be addressed to those purchasing merchandise in Italy from pedlars or unauthorized websites: yielding to this temptation, indeed, can lead to criminal penalties and to administrative fines.
Firstly, the offence of receiving stolen goods (offence called "ricettazione") refers to cases in which a person purchases some merchandise though being aware of the fact that those goods were stolen or counterfeited. Therefore, if from the price of the goods related to its quality and charachteristics, or from the sale's context and conditions, the buyer considers as factually possible that the wares may derive from a crime (for instance counterfeiting or theft), but purchases the goods anyway, they may face charges and be sentenced from 2 to 8 years imprisonment and to a fine from € 516 up to € 10.329. Otherwise, if the purchase of such "suspect" goods is only due to carelessness and inattention, a sentence to a 6 months arrest and to a fine not lower than € 10 may be faced (offence called "acquisto di cose di sospetta provenienza"). But that's not all. The same behaviour is prosecuted with the infliction of administrative fines from €100 up to €7000. Therefore, if a very expensive and greatly desired designer bag is offered to you by pedlars on the beaches, in the streets or by some unauthorized websites, then it is most likely illegal and counterfeited, so you are strongly adviced not to buy it.
There are, moreover, several reasons explaining these prohibitions. Buying counterfeited merchandise and, in general, goods by pedlars and by unauthorized sellers, degrades the economic development of the market significantly, especially of such enterprises who act complying with the rules; furthermore it can endorse a terrible system of illegal work and labour exploitation. In addition, the health of consumers could be endangered: in fact, counterfeited merchandise may contain harmful substances like unhautorized colouring matter, paints or varnishes.
However, despite the system of penalties and fines, it is not uncommon in Italy to find pedlars in squares, on the seafronts, on the beach, and, in general, in all places frequented mostly by turists. Foreign turists are the most frequent victims of the illegal merchandising, as they might not be aware of all the relevant legislation in force in Italy and they are often attracted by the idea of buying some Italian souvenirs during summer holidays.
How could unpleasant consequences be avoided?
As far as the pedlars are concerned, there is absolutely no doubt: in these cases it is always preferrable to refrain from buying merchandise. Regarding kiosks or some other trading structures, as well as online portals, offering designer goods it is worth evaluating the quality of the goods and the amount of the price, comparing them to the caratheristics of products of the same brand or being similar and judging the plausibility of the price and therefore the authenticity of the goods. If, however, these elements are not known or uncertain, it is advisable to avoid the purchase.
Some Italian municipalities and seaside establishments have developed specific awarness campaigns in different languages, in order to discourage turists from buying merchandise from pedlars. These campaigns highlight that the list of "pleasures to be avoided on the beaches" includes also massages and tattoos. In the latter case, furthermore, there could be the risk that the tattoo artist, even though an excellent draughtsman, uses dangerous substances for the health.
Moreover, in order to protect "Made in Italy" products from counterfeited merchandise and from its online distribution, the last 14th of July was signed the "Carta Italia", a Charter for the development of best practices in which institutions, consumer associations and companies commit themselves to combating together the online counterfeit.
For these reasons consumers, and in particular foreign turists, are encouraged to purchase responsibly, in order to avoid unpleasant consequences for everyone.
Press release
Bolzano, 23rd July 2015


text:
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)
John R. Thelin
As the shift in demographics and the aging population of the United States make their presence felt, colleges and universities throughout the country must address the question of supporting the goals of the non-traditional student in higher education. While it is difficult to characterize a "typical non-traditional student," it is important to analyze the role that certain demographic factors play in the student's decision to go to college.;We hypothesize that the non-traditional student's decision to attend college is influenced by several factors that, in broad, general terms, include family background characteristics, the student's demographic profile and aptitude, and external economic conditions and labor demand.;The influence of family background is incorporated in our model through variables that describe the environment in which a student has grown up. Parental educational attainment, in particular, serves as a proxy for the attitudes toward education that may have shaped the student's perceptions toward higher education. Other factors such as parental income, the father's Duncan socio-economic index, the number of siblings, and the birth order, describe the family's capacity to invest in higher education. In short, the factors hypothesized to influence student enrollment were indeed shown to have the predicted effects.;By understanding non-traditional students and what influences their enrollment decisions, we will have a better understanding of how to serve this growing segment of the population within higher education. In particular, by determining the type of institutions that these students enroll in, institutions themselves can be made more aware of the particular needs of these students so as to better able to meet them.
© The Author
Amiri, Shahram, "The college investment decision for nontraditional students: Factors affecting the choice of postsecondary enrollment and quality" (1993). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper _PHONE_.


Time to serve?
A study on Mark 9:30-50. If you missed the sermon on Sunday you can find it here: Ready Salted Christians
 1. Why was Jesus going the quiet way back to Capernaum?
 2. Jesus had one topic in mind and the disciples another; discuss what's going on here;
 3. Discuss verses 35 – 37 what are the key points Jesus is making here?
 4. In verse 38 John changes the subject, discuss Jesus answer and what we can learn from these verses;
 5. In verses 43-48 Jesus talks about radical surgery, what is the point that Jesus is making here? In what sense are we to 'cut off a foot or a hand' etc.
 6. What does verse 49 mean? Discuss.
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text:
The following briefly outlines what it means to be a small business and common terms used to describe them.
- A small business may be defined as a business with a small number of employees.
- The legal definition of "small" often varies by country and industry, but is generally under 100 employees in the United States while under 50 employees in the European Union.
- These businesses are normally privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships.
- Small businesses are common in many countries, depending on the economic system in operation.
- Typical examples include: small shops, hairdressers, tradesmen, solicitors, lawyers, accountants, restaurants, guest houses, photographers, small-scale manufacturing etc.
- The smallest businesses, often located in private homes, are called microbusinesses (term used by international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation) or SoHos.
- The term "mom and pop business" is a common colloquial expression for a single-family operated business without any hired labor, e.g., "mom and pop store".
- When judged by the number of employees, the American and the European definitions are the same: under 10 employees.


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Hospitals and other healthcare facilities face a difficult quandary when it comes to selecting environmental surfaces to accommodate patients, guests and staff: How do we make a beautiful space while considering healing, safety, cost, and durability of materials? Just as in other institutional settings, hospital construction must balance the need for safety and durability with aesthetics and cost and all products can become subject to value engineering. The Facility Guidelines Institute, a non-profit agency, maintains current guidelines for the design and construction of hospitals and healthcare facilities. There are an array of choices for each and every surface in a hospitals, each with its own costs and benefits. Today we'll explore what those surface material choices are and, with infection control a priority for all healthcare facilities, how hospitable they are to bacteria.
Stainless Steel | Affordable with an institutional appearance
Steel, first used almost 4,000 years ago, is a combination of iron and carbon. Modern-day steel, including the stainless steel found in hospitals, is an alloy of those same two elements, plus others to increase strength, reduce corrosion, or produce other beneficial attributes. In hospitals, stainless steel can be found in operating room trays, hallway grab bars, kitchen work surfaces, and throughout the building in door handles, sinks, shelves, and racks. It is a very hard surface that stands up to heavy use and variations in temperature without breaking. It is also non-porous, so liquids do not seep into the surface to create stains or corrosion. In terms of costs, stainless steel is also quite affordable. However, stainless steel does scratch easily and develops a more matte look from all the layers of scratches. These scratches can harbor bacteria if not cleaned properly.
Laminate | Affordable and colorful, but can break down over time
First invented as a thermal insulator, laminate surfaces are one of the most affordable, and therefore most prevalent surfaces found in institutional settings including hospitals. In essence, a laminate surface is made of layers of compressed paper and resin (a liquid glue that hardens with treatment) over a thicker layer of glued brown Kraft paper (think paper bags). All the layers are heated together to bond into a single thickness that can then be used in horizontal and vertical applications (but not molded) over a wooden substrate.Laminate surfaces are so incredibly popular because they are cheap and come in a virtually limitless array of colors and patterns. In a hospital, however, these benefits are quickly outpaced by the costs: Laminate breaks down under heavy use, revealing paper core at corners and seams, and it does not hold up in high-moisture environments. Laminate provides a cheaper but short-lived product that can harbor bacteria.
Solid Surface (Acrylic or Modified Polyester Acrylic) | Beautiful, moldable and expensive
A "solid surface" is a man-made material composed of a resin (most likely acrylic or polyester) with pigments and stone dust. Because the majority of the ingredients are plastic, solid surfaces can be shaped using heat (thermaformed). Solid surfaces can be found in most newly-constructed or renovated hospitals and healthcare facilities as counters, tables, desks, workstations, and sinks. The benefits of a solid surface are its resistance to stains, its seamless construction that provides fewer cracks to harbor bacteria, and it ability to be repaired. Nonetheless, bacteria continue to grow on these surfaces in between cleanings. As for cost, solid surfaces are typically on the higher end of materials, at times even equal to granite. While the seamless appearance of a solid surface provides fewer places for bacteria to survive, bacteria present will continue to reproduce on its surface between cleanings.
Engineered Stone/Quartz | Beautiful and expensive
Like solid surfaces, engineered stone surfaces are made from a combination of stone (usually quartz or marble) and a polymer resin. In the case of engineered stone, however, the stone ingredients constitute a greater proportion of its composition. The result is a more stone-like appearance that cannot be thermoformed. Engineered stone, also known as quartz, can be found in reception areas of healthcare settings, guest bathrooms, and in other locations where decorative surfaces are needed. Engineered stone would be considered a luxury choice when it came to a hospital budget, and it can harbor bacteria if not cleaned properly.
Tile | Affordable workhorse with nooks and cranies for bacteria
The tile found in many hospital operating rooms, bathrooms, kitchens and wash rooms is typically ceramic or porcelain. Individual tiles are adhered to a substrate using grout (a cement-based glue and filler). This ubiquitous floorand wall-covering is affordable and durable. Because each tile is separate, tile surfaces provide ample crevices for bacteria and mold; the grout provides additional surfaces that can be difficult to clean completely.
Vinyl | Affordable and colorful flooring that needs upkeep
Known popularly as linoleum (considered the first brand name to become synonymous with an entire product category), vinyl surfaces are found throughout hospitals, especially in flooring. Polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, is the newest formulation of this surface. This layered material can be installed in large, uninterrupted sheets, as tiles, or as die-cut patterns to allow for decorative designs or wayfinding guides (blue lines leading to a specific department, for example.) PVC is low-cost and durable, but requires regular upkeep including buffing and waxing.
Carpet | Sound-muffling and comfortable but hard to keep hygeinic
Commercial carpet is typically made from twisted or tufted polymer fibers attached to a backing. The most common carpeting found in healthcare facilities is installed as carpet tiles, small sections of tightly packed fibers that can be replaced easily. To maintain durability and safety, commercial carpeting must have a water barrier in the backing to prevent moisture from collecting under the carpet and leading to dangerous mold, mildew, or bacteria growth. Carpets require much more intensive processes to keep them hygienic; as a result, carpets are typically found only in reception and guest areas, and in some cases, hallways. One of the important benefits of carpet is that is muffles sound, an important element in evidence-based design.
Preventive+Biocidal Surfaces | Actively and continuously kills bacteria
A new option available to hospitals today are surfaces that actively kill harmful bacteria. These include sheets of raw copper alloys or EOScu, an engineered surface containing suspended cuprous oxide. Both surfaces are EPA-Registered for Public Health Claims, meaning they have been third-party tested for their biocidal efficacy. Copper alloys can be shaped and molded for a variety of uses and provides a metallic surface much like stainless steel. EOScu can be fabricated in sheets (such as for countertops) or injection molded into bedrails or other rounded surfaces and provides a surface much like engineered stone.
These hard surfaces represent the range of choices for hospital designers and administrators. When balancing cost, appearance, safety, and durability, those making design decisions have a long-term impact on the hospital. With the addition of biocidal surfaces, these designers can even have an impact on the health of patients. To learn more about how hospital surfaces compare across four main categories, please click below.


text:
I would like to give you a real world experiment that proves that energy is not a conserved quantity.
I have built a Dawn Mission type yo-yo de-spin device. I question if NASA is correct in their assumption that the weights conserve the same energy as the spinning space craft. They claim that when the 3 kilogram weights have the 1400 kg spinning rocket stopped; that the weight have the same kinetic energy as the original spin of the satellite body.
Just for a point of reference I change the satellite into a one meter diameter hollow cylinder; rotating at one meter per second around the arc of the circle. I think this 1200 kilograms is a ballpark figure; so we have twelve hundred kilograms moving one meter per second.
For the satellite energy we have ½ * 1200 kg * 1 m/sec * 1 m/sec = 600 joules
For energy conservation of the 3 kilogram masses on the end of the tethers we would need to have ½ * 3 kg * 20 m/sec * 20 m/sec = 600 joules. This 20 m/sec is half the speed of the baseball in the majors.
For the satellite momentum we have 1200 kg * 1 m/sec = 1200 units.
For momentum conservation of the 3 kilogram masses on the end of the tethers we have 3 kg * 400 m/sec = 1200 units. This 400 m/sec is 20% above the speed of sound.
Quite a difference 20 or 400; which one is correct?
I built a yo-yo de-spin device to find out. Because only momentum can be transferred from small objects to large objects; and conservation of energy only gives use 20 m/sec * 3 kg = 60 units of momentum to return 1200 units. If the 3 kilogram masses only have 60 units of momentum they can not restart the spin of the satellite.
So now for the experimental answer that I obtained from a small de-spin device. After a complete stop of the cylinder the tethered spheres completely restore the spinning motion of the cylinder. The original and final spin rates of the cylinder are the same.
If the Dawn Mission tethers were not released the 3 kilogram masses would have rewound and restarted the spin of the satellite. For a complete restoration of motion. Momentum is conserved not energy.
Edited by DelburtPhend, 22 December 2016 - 06:44 PM.


text:
Giant Marble Harvests Energy From Sun And Moon
It looks like a giant, glass marble. But this globe is no game. It's a sun-tracking, solar energy concentrator created by Barcelona-based architects Rawlemon and, according to the designers, is able to collect not just sunlight but moonlight as well. The weatherproof sphere is designed to rotate and follow the sun across the sky. It's so sensitive to light that at night, it can even harvest moonlight and convert it into electricity.
Andre Rawlemon, the architect and designer, says his spherical, sun-tracking glass globe is able to concentrate sunlight and moonlight up to 10,000 times and that the system is 35 percent more efficient than photovoltaic designs that track the sun. One of Rawlemon's idea is to build these globes into the exterior walls of buildings and use them to generate electricity.
Other products to invest in when this technology reaches full commercialization potential: Bounty and Windex.
Seriously though, the ability alone to convert moonlight to electricity could be a game changer for the manufacturers of photovoltaic cells where typical solar panels offer a range of 8 to 12 hours of usable daylight for the generation of electricity.
Coupled with products that offer greater efficiency and other simple behavioral aspects like turning off computers and monitors (or at least put in stand-by) when they're not being used could add up to significant savings and longer-term environmental benefits.


text:
Using Azure DevOps pipelines, we can easily spin test environments to run various sorts of integration tests on PaaS resources. Azure DevOps allows powerful scripting and orchestration using familiar CLI commands, and is very useful to automatically spin entire environments using Infrastructure as Code without manual intervention.
Table of Contents
In this example, we looked at an open-source project Spline (a Data Lineage Tracking and Visualization tool for Apache Spark). Data lineage and governance is a priority topic in many enterprises, and together with my colleague Arvind Shyamsundar, we wanted to evaluate the complexity and benefits of integrating this project into Spark environments.
The Spline project has several components:
- A library that runs on Spark and captures data lineage information
- A persistence layer that stores the data on MongoDB, HDFS or Atlas
- A Web UI application that visualizes the stored data lineages (supports MongoDB)
We wanted to verify that the MongoDB backend could be swapped by Cosmos DB. As a fully managed, elastic SLA-backed service, Cosmos DB is much easier to manage and integrate than running MongoDB on Virtual Machines. Since Cosmos DB provides wire protocol compatibility with Mongo DB, we expected to be able to plug in Cosmos DB without any changes needed to Spline's code or libraries.
Since Spline is under active development, we decided to automate testing upfront so that we would be able to test various branches and configurations and retest periodically in the future, rather than testing on a manually deployed environment. Also, we wanted to make the build result publicly available in order to easily share test failures and diagnostic information with the Spline development team.
You can use this patterns to test any software, yours or third-party, in combination with required services and with different configurations.
The pipeline definition script is azure-pipelines.yml. We first define some variables, including the resource group where we will spin Cosmos DB and a name prefix for Cosmos DB. The name must be unique, and we will generate a unique name for each build to avoid any side effects. We also define the Git branch of the Spline project that we want to test.
We define the type of virtual machine on which the build will run. This is a Microsoft managed VM pool.
The build tasks first create a Cosmos DB instance. Behind the scene, it uses service principals to have access to an Azure subcription. To set up this connection, Navigate to Project settings > Service connections. Create a new service connection of type Azure Resource Manager. Name the connection ARMConnection. Select the subscription. Leave the resource group blank and click OK.
- task: AzureCLI@1
displayName: Create Azure resources
The next tasks run Maven tasks to build the Spline source code and run its unit tests against Cosmos DB, then publish the Spline artifacts (Web UI) into a downloadable artifact.
- task: Maven@3
displayName: Build Spline
- task: Maven@3
displayName: Run Spline tests
- task: CopyFiles@2
displayName: Copy web app to artifacts directory
- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
displayName: Publish web app artifacts
The last step of the build pipeline deletes the Cosmos DB instance. It is configured to run always so that Cosmos DB will be deleted even if tests fail.
- task: AzureCLI@1
displayName: Delete Azure resources
The first script run by the pipeline, before-build.sh, creates a Cosmos DB instance with the configuration required by Spline. Spline requires the Mongo DB API, and uses the aggregation pipeline feature. As that feature is in preview, it must be explicitly enabled. It then gets the Cosmos DB connection string (in Mongo DB format) and passes it to the pipeline using the special ##vso syntax. The variable is passed by the Maven test task to the unit test process.
# Create a Cosmos DB database.
az cosmosdb create -g $RESOURCE_GROUP -n $COSMOSDB_INSTANCE --kind MongoDB --capabilities EnableAggregationPipeline -o table
# Get the connection string (in mongodb:// format) to the Cosmos DB account.
# The connection string contains the account key.
# Example connection string:
COSMOSDB_CONN_STRING=$(az cosmosdb list-connection-strings -g $RESOURCE_GROUP -n $COSMOSDB_INSTANCE --query connectionStrings.connectionString -o tsv)
# Set job variable from script, to be used by Maven task
echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=COSMOSDB_CONN_STRING]$COSMOSDB_CONN_STRING"
The final script, after-build.sh, deletes the Cosmos DB database, so that no costs are incurred after the end of the tests.
# Delete the test Cosmos DB database.
az cosmosdb delete -g $RESOURCE_GROUP -n $COSMOSDB_INSTANCE
Our first run of the build pipeline failed with test failures:
An investigation showed that the issue was due to a different implementation of regular expressions between native Mongo DB and Cosmos DB. Spline issues database searches using the "\Q…\E" syntax to mark text as to be searched literally, which is not supported by Cosmos DB that implements the ECMAScript standard. disable regular expression.
Using Azure DevOps pipelines as a framework for deploying and testing resources is very light and powerful, even when testing third-party software. This approach can be used for lightweight integration tests, but also for complex testing scenarios, load and performance testing.
Now that we have a verified custom build, let us spin an entire environment with Spark and Spline running in an Azure App Service! (blog post coming soon)


Top 5 Reasons to Choose Popular Piercings
Navel piercingThere are some very popular piercing types that many people choose for themselves. Piercings such as earlobe, navel, eyebrow, tongue, nostril or labret piercings are among the most common body piercings in the world.
Since they are so popular, it means that there are always many people who have the same piercing. It may make these piercings more ordinary and less unique than some other piercing types.
However, common piercings have some important advantages so there are many reasons to choose popular piercings for yourself.
Here are some of the most important reasons to choose popular piercings:
 1. Experienced Piercers
If a piercing is popular, then it means there are many piercers who know how to perform it and who have at least some experience with this piercing type. Remember, you should not look for a … read more


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Location independence is no doubt the future of the work, and being a digital nomad makes us realize this. One has to accept that with all the perks of pioneering comes a whole pot of responsibilities, and becoming a digital nomad may not be easy, but it is worthwhile.
The digital nomads are the modern-day pioneers who have the power not just to shape but to change the way the world works entirely. There is a significant point in caring about the stuff in the pipeline. In a world where location independence is more standard every single day, it is not hard to understand that the responsibilities of this ever-growing group are increasing by the minute.
- Environmental responsibilities
As frequent travelers, nobody could deny that digital nomads have an impact on Mother Nature and the environment that is around them—changing the locations regularly results in a buy-and-throw mentality.
The digital nomads often with their minimalistic lifestyles are not the worst bunch of bananas, however, as every human being has an individual responsibility to keep the planet alive, the location independent entrepreneurs are no exception here.
- Economic responsibilities
As the open-minded world citizens, digital nomads have the power to shape the economies. Most of these people pay rent to the local landlords in low-cost countries or outsourcing half of their business, even lower-cost jurisdictions.
Some people celebrate themselves for paying slave-wages to the freelancers and also evade tax altogether. Outsourcing helps a new middle class in low-cost countries to emerge, and these people could well be the next customers in a couple of years.
- Social responsibilities
Since many of the digital nomads are influencers and often delight followership of thousands of people with blog posts and social media updates, it is also crucial for them to share their responsibilities with their fans and followers.
They should be encouraging the audience to become responsible as well and share with them the things related to offsetting carbon emissions, motivate them to plant a tree, learn a new language or use less single-use plastic. Whatever approach they are into, the digital nomads must make sure to use their influence for a greater good.
- Cultural responsibilities
Digital nomads are independent entrepreneurs, and they do enjoy the freedom to explore different areas of this planet. Despite mostly setting up camp in locations with fast and free Wi-Fi, these people often do end up in places that not many people have explored before.
Digital nomads frequently get in touch with different cultures, and those cultures might not be familiar with their style of living, language, or culture. It is up to them to represent the global group of digital nomads in the very best way possible, to act responsible and respectful.
They should try to make a couple of local friends, join a local sports club, or share their world's traveler's wisdom with those people who are willing to learn. It is never wrong to integrate with the community, but words cause action, and thoughts cause words. Therefore, once you get familiar with the cultures, you become a more responsible nomad.


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For some observed time series, a very high-order AR or MA model is needed to model the underlying process well. In this case, a combined autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model can sometimes be a more parsimonious choice.
An ARMA model expresses the conditional mean of yt as a function of both past observations,, and past innovations, The number of past observations that yt depends on, p, is the AR degree. The number of past innovations that yt depends on, q, is the MA degree. In general, these models are denoted by ARMA(p,q).
The form of the ARMA(p,q) model in Econometrics Toolbox™ is
In lag operator polynomial notation,. Define the degree p AR lag operator polynomial. Define the degree q MA lag operator polynomial. You can write the ARMA(p,q) model as
The signs of the coefficients in the AR lag operator polynomial,, are opposite to the right side of Equation 1. When specifying and interpreting AR coefficients in Econometrics Toolbox, use the form in Equation 1.
Consider the ARMA(p,q) model in lag operator notation,
From this expression, you can see that
is the unconditional mean of the process, and is a rational, infinite-degree lag operator polynomial,.
Constant property of an
arima model object corresponds to c, and not the unconditional mean μ.
By Wold's decomposition, Equation 3 corresponds to a stationary stochastic process provided the coefficients are absolutely summable. This is the case when the AR polynomial,, is stable, meaning all its roots lie outside the unit circle. Additionally, the process is causal provided the MA polynomial is invertible, meaning all its roots lie outside the unit circle.
Econometrics Toolbox enforces stability and invertibility of ARMA processes. When you specify an ARMA model using
arima, you get an error if you enter coefficients that do not correspond to a stable AR polynomial or invertible MA polynomial. Similarly,
estimate imposes stationarity and invertibility constraints during estimation.
 Box, G. E. P., G. M. Jenkins, and G. C. Reinsel. Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1994.
 Wold, H. A Study in the Analysis of Stationary Time Series. Uppsala, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1938.


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Simplified Simulation Models for Indoor MANET Evaluation are not Robust
1st IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON), Santa Clara, CA, October 2004
We evaluate the robustness of simplified mobility and radio propagation models for indoor MANET simulations. A robust simplification allows researchers to extrapolate simulation results and reach reliable conclusions about the expected performance of protocols in real life. We show that common simplified mobility and radio propagation models are not robust. Experiments with DSR and DSDV, two representative MANET routing protocols, show that the simplifications affect the two protocols in very different manners. Even for a single protocol, the effects on perceived performance can vary erratically as parameters change. These results cast doubt on the soundness of evaluations of MANET routing protocols based on simplified mobility and radio propagation models, and expose the urgent need for more research on realistic MANET simulation.


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POWELL, Wyo. — Wyoming sheep producers lost fewer sheep last year even though predation increased slightly.
According to a U.S.D.A survey conducted in January, producers lost an estimated 43,000 sheep and lambs, down from 55,000 in 2011.
The Powell Tribune reported Tuesday that the losses were mainly attributed to weather, disease and other environmental factors. Predation rose 6 percent over 2011.
Todd Ballard of the U.S.D.A. says the drought drove wildlife out of the mountains in search of water and they encountered sheep at watering holes.
Coyotes were responsible for killing the most sheep among wildlife but eagles have also become a problem as well. Eagles killed more sheep than bears and wolves combined in each of the last two years.


Main Content
This workshop is about the concept of covenant and the forms it takes in Unitarian Universalism. Take some time to reflect on covenantal relationships in your life. This could include marriage, congregational membership, participation in a small group that uses a covenant, or other relationships. What do these relationships mean to you? What promises do you make, and what are the joys and challenges of being part of them? What happens when covenant is broken?
Covenant is an abstract concept. Spend some time thinking about the concrete ways it plays out in your life so that you can help youth do the same.
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The Cambridge Glass Fair
three hundred years of collectable glass in one day
In 1837, the brothers James and John Hartley established the Wear Glass Works in Sunderland which became well known for the manufacture of window glass, including crown, cylinder and Patent Rolled Plate or PRP, a type of mainly patterned cast glass which was much thinner than that produced elsewhere.
At the Great Exhibition in 1851 Hartley's was awarded a prize medal for PRP for roofing. Various problems led to the closure of the firm in 1892. In the same year James Hartley's grandson, James Hartley Jnr., rented a redundant bottle works in Monkwearmouth and with a small team of ex-Hartley glassblowers continued to produce cylinder and crown glass.
The name changed to Hartley Wood & Co. in 1895 when Alfred Wood, the leading colour mixer from Hartley's, joined as a partner.
The firm prospered in the 1920's due to the demand for memorial windows after the Great War, and in the period after World War II because of the wide-spread damage sustained by churches.
In 1956, the Clean Air Act meant that the old coal-fired furnace was replaced by four oil-fired modern furnaces. New legislation brought about other changes to dangerous materials used, especially in the manufacture of the streaky colour combinations known as 'Antique Glass' for which Hartley Wood was famous.
The difference this made to the metal can be most easily seen in the art glass made by the firm from the 1930's onwards, examples of which can be seen here. The earlier vases are uneven and heavy and the glass has an oily look, while the later pieces are mould-blown, lighter and more regular in shape.
The company was sold to Pilkington's in 1983, but despite investment Hartley Wood closed in 1989.
The foyer exhibition will bring together a number of these interesting and striking pieces in various shapes and colourways from two private collections. This area of glass is deserving of more attention and, as can be seen from the images accompanying this article, with even a small number of vases placed in close proximity you can have your very own stained glass window.
For further information about Hartley Wood glass, please see the article by Susan Newell published in The Journal of the Glass Association Vol.6 dated 2001.


Add informational terminals, displays and kiosks to your locations.
Transportation MDM
Uncomplicate Your IT Device Management
Efficiency, optimization, speed, and timing have always been crucial in logistics and transportation. Today, amidst a range of accelerating evolutions and in an increasingly digital environment where digital transformations are affecting the next revolution of industry, it is even more the case. Forward-looking transit organizations, airports, and transportation companies are looking to customer-facing iOS and Android devices to improve and optimize their businesses. Moki allows these organizations to quickly and easily secure these devices, remotely manage content and device settings, and be alerted if issues arise.
Provide travelers with modern interactive information.
Transportation companies and organizations trust Moki to manage their device deployments for these common industry scenarios:
Track Assets
Transit organizations, airports, and transportation companies are deploying digital kiosk devices across their transportation fleets, stops, and airports to collect data about vehicle stats, fuel economy and keep track of where and when the vehicles will arrive. These devices can be mounted in the cockpit of a bus with route information for bus drivers to view and simultaneously allow managers at their headquarters keep tabs.
Simplify the Stress of Travel
Moki gives transportation providers the tools to make travel easier for their customers. These devices make it easy for customers to purchase tickets and employees have a simple way to print or scan tickets, and process payments. Checking baggage, ordering food and interacting with a directory or map is made easier with kiosks that improve customer satisfaction.
Manage Communication
Transportation and transit companies are deploying MDM devices to inform, promote and communicate digital messages such as departure and arrival times of buses, trains, or planes and allow easy viewing of routes and fares. These devices can also display third-party advertising.
Latest Transportation Blogs
[searchandfilter id="16530″ show="results"]
"Moki has enabled us to lock down our driver's devices so that they have access to the tools and resources that they need, but don't use the devices for anything that we did not intend. This has not only saved us time but thousands of dollars in excess data usage. "
Siemens Transportation Group


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RATEC 103 Principles of Radiographic Exposure • 4 Cr.
Examines the application and analysis of concepts in manipulation of technique to maximize image quality while maintaining ALARA. Topics include: applying mathematical concepts to solve multiple technique variables, analyzing imaging scenarios for dose and image quality factors, and employing key concepts in image acquisition and display.
After completing this class, students should be able to:
- Relate manipulation of technical factors to the operation of the x-ray tube and the production of x-rays.
- Define filtration, identify the legal requirements, and discuss the effect of it on the primary beam.
- Describe potential interactions of x-ray with matter.
- Explain HIS, RIS and PACS and their respective uses in a medical center.
- Vary technical factors to achieve image quality and demonstrate ALARA given various imaging scenarios.
- Identify elements that effect image quality factors.
- Compare and contrast various image receptors.
- Describe structure and function of image receptors components.
- Differentiate among the types of image acquisition systems.
- Define key elements in image display.
- Discuss personal responsibilities for correctly marking images, maintaining personal repeat rates, and preventing artifacts.
- Identify ethical considerations associated with technology superseding knowledgeable application of the digital imaging capabilities
- Winter 2015 (current quarter)


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Australia's Rudd apologizes to forced child migrants
Australia Prime Minister Kevin Rudd formally apologized to the thousands of institutionalized children and child migrants shipped from Britain to rebuild Australia after World War II. Many were abused.
Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd on Monday apologized to hundreds of thousands of children abused or neglected in institutions, including some 7,000 British children shipped to Australia after World War II. Sometimes called "the orphans of Empire," they received the formal apology after decades of campaigning for recognition. As with his government's previous apologies, many of the victims here welcomed the gesture, while others expressed a desire to see more practical steps taken to overcome their losses.Skip to next paragraph
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Inside Parliament House in Canberra, the nation's capital, about 900 of the former child migrants gathered in the audience to hear Mr. Rudd deliver words of contrition. The prime minister told them: "We come together today to offer our nation's apology, to say to you, the forgotten Australians, and those who were sent to our shores as children without their consent, that we are sorry. Sorry that as children you were taken from your families and placed in institutions where so often you were abused. Sorry for the physical suffering, the emotional starvation, and the cold absence of love, of tenderness, of care. Sorry for the tragedy, the absolute tragedy, of childhoods lost."
Among those listening to the apology – which followed one delivered by Mr. Rudd last year to the "Stolen Generations" of Aboriginal children forcibly removed from their families – was Mick Snell, who has bleak memories of his time in a Methodist-run children's home in Sydney.
Mr. Snell arrived in Australia under a postwar plan to empty British orphanages and repopulate the former colony with "good white stock." The children, who were shipped out from 1947-67, believed their parents were dead. In reality, Mr. Snell's unmarried mother had been forced to give him up as a baby. That was the case with many of the "orphans;" others had been placed in care by impoverished families.
Parliamentary inquiries in Britain and Australia in the past decade concluded that physical and sexual abuse were "widespread and systematic" in the institutions, particularly those run by Catholic orders such as the Christian Brothers and Sisters of Mercy. The inquiries heard that many former child migrants, now in their 60s and 70s, are still deeply traumatized.
'For my kids to understand'
For some, Rudd's apology – which was also extended to Australian children who were abused and neglected in institutions – was a step forward. Speaking before traveling to Canberra, Snell said: "All I want is for them to admit it was wrong, and for my kids to be able to understand me a bit better."
For others, the gesture represented too little, too late. "I wonder how they think making an apology can right the wrong that was done," said Jean Costello.


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DAYTON, Ohio--()--A radiologist's ability to detect pneumonia early, so it can be treated quickly, is improved by Riverain Technologies software that suppresses the ribs and clavicles on a chest X-ray, suggests new research published online by European Radiology.
"Our research suggests the addition of this software to standard chest X-rays will translate into significant improvement in actual practice."
Using Riverain's ClearRead Bone Suppression™ software, radiologists were more likely to detect small lung opacities representing pneumonia than when reviewed with standard chest X-rays alone of the same patients. An innovative image enhancement technology that can be easily applied to any standard digital chest X-ray, ClearRead Bone Suppression also has been shown to improve the detection of nodules that may be lung cancer.
"The ribs tend to obscure lung abnormalities, particularly when the nodules, or opacities, are very small. This means early focal pneumonia can be overlooked, especially if it happens to lie behind – or even partially behind – a rib," said co-author Heber MacMahon, MB, BCh, Professor of Radiology and Director of Thoracic Imaging at the University of Chicago Medical Center. "We demonstrated a real improvement in detection using this bone-suppression software."
If pneumonia is not detected and treated early it can be deadly, especially in the elderly and those with compromised immune systems due to chemotherapy treatment or other conditions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2009 more than 1.1 million people were discharged from the hospital after being treated for pneumonia, and the illness accounted for more than 50,000 deaths.
In the study, eight radiologists (six attending radiologists and two residents) reviewed standard chest X-rays of 36 patients with 46 focal densities due to pneumonia as well as X-rays of 20 patients who did not have pneumonia. (All cases of pneumonia were confirmed based on CT, surgery, or follow-up imaging.) The radiologists then reviewed the same X-rays using ClearRead Bone Suppression, their observations were scored and compared using the mean value of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the standard method for measuring diagnostic accuracy. When the radiologists used only standard chest X-ray, the mean value of the area under the ROC curve was 0.844, which improved to 0.880 with the addition of ClearRead Bone Suppression.
Although seemingly small, the improvement is statistically significant. "Because abnormalities can be obscured by bones, there are opportunities for early pneumonia to be missed," said Dr. MacMahon. "Our research suggests the addition of this software to standard chest X-rays will translate into significant improvement in actual practice."
"Previous studies have shown this software improves radiologists' ability to detect subtle abnormalities that may be lung cancer," said Steve Worrell, Riverain's Chief Technology Officer. "With pneumonia being more common than lung cancer, this new research shows our software offers an even broader application and benefit to the hospital and patients."
ClearRead Bone Suppression is less expensive, easier to implement and exposes patients to far less radiation compared to alternative chest imaging methods, such as computed tomography (CT). ClearRead Bone Suppression received 510(k) clearance from the Food and Drug Administration for the detection of lung nodules, and can be used with any X-ray system.
An industry leader and technology innovator, Riverain Technologies applies proprietary pattern recognition and machine learning technologies in the creation of software applications for use globally in the health care industry and beyond. The Ohio-based company has developed practical solutions to save and improve the quality of people's lives through the early detection of disease. The company's ClearRead software enhances the expert skills of radiologists to improve patient outcomes using standard chest X-ray, without additional radiation dose or procedures for patients. For more information please visit _URL_.


QA:Testcase arm image deployment
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Associated release criterion
This test case is associated with the Fedora_21_Alpha_Release_Criteria#initialization-requirements release criterion. If you are doing release validation testing, a failure of this test case may be a breach of that release criterion. If so, please file a bug and nominate it as blocking the appropriate milestone, using the blocker bug nomination page.
This case tests whether a direct deployment of a Fedora image works on an ARM platform.
 1. Make any required changes to the test system's bootloader configuration.
How to test
 1. Download the image you wish to test. There are two variants of each image, VFAT and ext. If the platform you are testing supports ext images, use the ext image. If it does not, use the VFAT image. The ARM install instruction page lists which variant to use for which platforms.
 2. Write it to a form of media bootable on the test system following any instructions given on the appropriate instruction page (e.g. Architectures/ARM/F21/Installation for the currently-pending Fedora release). Usually, this means running a command like xzcat -v .raw.xz > /dev/. For some platforms there will be further steps, which are explained on the instruction page.
 3. Attach the written medium to the test system and boot it, ensuring the medium takes priority over other boot methods.
Expected Results
 1. The system boots to the initial-setup tool.


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Use of Hierarchical Stepwise Optimization for the Segmentation of Cloud Features
COMPUTER SCIENCES CORP MONTEREY CA
Pagination or Media Count:
The Hierarchical Stepwise Optimization algorithm of Beaulieu and Goldberg 1989 is applied to the segmentation of satellite images into meaningful, large scale cloud features. GOES-W visible imagery is used. Several different forms of the cost function are explored in an attempt to improve the segmentation of Nov. 15, 1983 case. A new cost function is shown to result in a superior segmentation. Both HSWO versions are tested on six additional cases. A modification to the HSWO approach is suggested for further research.


The United Kingdom deployed a laser weapon during its 1982 war with Argentina designed to "dazzle" enemy pilots who were attacking British warships, according to secret documents released Wednesday.
Among the confidential British government reports that the National Archive released on Wednesday was a letter dating from January 1983 that said "never before used" laser weapons had been deployed during the already-concluded war that had been developed quickly and secretly.
The letter to former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher was classified as "top secret" and was signed by Britain's then-defense minister, Michael Heseltine,
"We developed and deployed with very great urgency a naval laser weapon, designed to dazzle low-flying Argentine pilots attacking ships, to the task force in the South Atlantic. This weapon was not used in action and knowledge of it has been kept to a very restricted level," wrote the newly-appointed Heseltine to the premier.
Heseltine also referred to the British programs to develop and carry out research on the laser weapons systems known as "Raker" and "Shingle," that, according to the released documents, were "proceeding at high priority."
He also said that the Soviet Union could conceivably deploy laser weapons by the mid-1980s although it was not clear whether having such weapons would truly be useful.
In late 1979, British interests were focused on using medium-power lasers against relatively softer targets such as eyes, optic and electro-optic sensors.
The 74-day Falklands War, which was fought to determine sovereignty over the archipelago, broke out after Argentine troops occupied the islands and led to the deaths of 255 British troops and about 650 Argentines before Britain finally defeated the South American nation. EFE


Figure 3.
Distributions of evolutionary rate difference of protein pairs within the age-homogeneous motifs and the other motifs. The probability (y-axis) is calculated as the percentage of protein pairs whose evolutionary rate difference falls in a special interval that x-axis shows. (A) 3-motif. Average evolutionary rate difference is 5.8 × 10-2 for 3-motifs whose constituents are of the same age class and 7.9 × 10-2 for the other 3-motifs. Rank sum test, P <10-4. (B) 4-motif. The average evolutionary rate difference is 6.0 × 10-2 and 8.0 × 10-2 for the two 4-motif classes. Rank sum test, P <10-4. The common protein pairs of the two motif classes are removed in the analyses. The results are based on the PIN of DIP_YEAST_CORE.
Liu et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2011 11:133 doi:10.1186/_PHONE_-133
Download authors' original image


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John Tanton: How to Maintain a 'Sustainable' Population
Tanton Video Interview Interview 2006 - Topic 7
Dr. John Tanton discusses the three primary questions regarding immigration policy:
- How many people should we admit?
- Who gets the visas? There are now about 70 different kinds of visas.
- How are you going to enforce the rules?
John Tanton discusses how the number of 175,000 legal immigrants per year was arrived at in order to achieve a sustainable, non-growing population. He also discusses the 1965 Immigration Act and immigration quotas.


text: |Abstract:||A geochemical atlas of North Carolina, U.S.A., was prepared using National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) stream-sediment data. Before termination of the NURE program, sampling of nearly the entire state (48,666 square miles of land area) was completed and geochemical analyses were obtained. The NURE data are applicable to mineral exploration, agriculture, waste disposal siting issues, health, and environmental studies. Applications in state government include resource surveys to assist mineral exploration by identifying geochemical anomalies and areas of mineralization. Agriculture seeks to identify areas with favorable (or unfavorable) conditions for plant growth, disease, and crop productivity. Trace elements such as cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum must be present within narrow ranges in soils for optimum growth and productivity. Trace elements as a contributing factor to disease are of concern to health professionals. Industry can use pH and conductivity data for water samples to site facilities which require specific water quality. The North Carolina NURE database consists of stream-sediment samples, groundwater samples, and stream-water analyses. The statewide database consists of 6,744 stream-sediment sites, 5,778 groundwater sample sites, and 295 stream-water sites. Neutron activation analyses were provided for U, Br, Cl, F, Mn, Na, Al, V, Dy in groundwater and stream water, and for U, Th, Hf, Ce, Fe, Mn, Na, Sc, Ti, V, Al, Dy, Eu, La, Sm, Yb, and Lu in stream sediments. Supplemental analyses by other techniques were reported on U (extractable), Ag, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Li, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, W, Y, and Zn for 4,619 stream-sediment samples. A small subset of 334 stream samples was analyzed for gold. The goal of the atlas was to make available the statewide NURE data with minimal interpretation to enable prospective users to modify and manipulate the data for their end use. The atlas provides only very general indication of geochemical distribution patterns and should not be used for site specific studies. The atlas maps for each element were computer-generated at the state's geographic information system (Center for Geographic Information and Analysis [CGIA]). The Division of Statistics and Information Services provided input files. The maps in the atlas are point maps. Each sample is represented by a symbol generally corresponding to a quartile class. Other reports will transmit sample and analytical data for state regions. Data are tentatively planned to be available on disks in spreadsheet format for personal computers. During the second phase of this project, stream-sediment samples are being assigned to state geologic map unit names using a GIS system to determine background and anomaly values. Subsequent publications will make this geochemical data and accompanying interpretations available to a wide spectrum of interdisciplinary users.?? 1993.