top of existing walls from the Roman period. The Roman walls were shorter and narrower.
Note: In many areas, the back of the wall has no safety guard to stop you or your child falling, so hold your little ones tight if you choose to take them on the walls.
The section with the most to see is the one that starts on the corner of Gillygate/Exhibition Square and goes around the back of the Minster, depositing you at the end of Goodramgate where you could visit the Richard III museum (museum is not free).
Visit the Minster Gardens and Minster Library:
The Minster is not free to visit but the Minster Gardens are! Find them on the left hand side of the Minster. With plenty of benches, you can settle down with a cosy takeaway coffee (coffee is not free) and drink it in the peaceful tranquillity, overlooked by the side of the Minster where few tourists venture.
Visit the Museum Gardens and St. Mary's Abbey:
The remains of St. Mary's Abbey, a ruined Benedictine abbey, are seamlessly integrated amongst the gardens of the Yorkshire Museum. You can also find squirrels, an observatory and plenty of benches and green space. This gets quite busy on hot days as it's one of the few family-friendly places to hang out in the city.
Pop into the library:
Next to the Museum Gardens, the City of York Public Library is a jarringly-modern building with low wooden bookcases from the seventies. It's a municipal library, but they do have some books on local history if you want to learn more about the city without paying for an audio guide.
York War Memorial:
Continue up the road from the library toward the train station. At the top of this road, just before you pass through the bar (way out of the walled city), is York's War Memorial. This is where the names of local men who died in the two World Wars are recorded. On November 11th every year (Remembrance Day), poppies, wreaths, and sometimes cards from local schools are left here, and there's usually a somber ceremony for it along with the silence at 11am.
York Cholera Graves:
Keep going toward the railway station and, just the other side of the bar and walls, you will find a grassy area of open space on your left. This is the York Cholera Graves. In 1832, an epidemic of cholera hit York (it was all over the UK in the 19th century), and 185 people died in the city. The fear of infection meant the city's Privy Council (as it was at the time) changed the rules for funerals so people had to be buried six feet below the ground (a practice that remains to this day), they could only have funeral services out of doors, and they also stopped funeral processions taking place in the narrower streets of the city. These days, you are unlikely to see funeral processions anywhere inside York's city walls (you may see hearses coming and going from the Minster occasionally). You can take a moment to meditate on this chapter from York's more recent history on your way to…
York Railway Museum:
From the Cholera graves on Station Road, cross the street and dodge down Leeman Road. Keep walking until you see the sign for the Railway Museum, which is near the railway bridge. The Railway Museum is free to visit and has a magnificent collection of old steam trains, including Stephenson's Rocket, and some modern trains, such as the only bullet train outside of Japan (an old one from the seventies). They also have trains from collieries (where coal mines were) and some of the traditional trains that look like Thomas the Tank Engine (without the face). Even if you're not a trainspotter, you could spend an hour or two here and learn something. It's also the only museum in York that's 100% free entry.
Hear the bellringers:
Heading back toward the Minster, if you are in the area between 7 and 8 in the evening, you will hear the York Minster bellringers practising their carillons and peels. The tourists on day trips have mostly left, by now, and the streets are empty, in that witching hour, the in-between time, when the students haven't come out to party yet, and most local families are at home eating their dinner. The bells sing out, with too few people around to dampen the sound, and you can hear them from many of the local streets. If you listen for long enough, you'll start to hear the patterns in the bells. They might even tell you a story.
See the York Morris Dancers:
Head back down Petergate until you come to Caffe Nero and Barnitt's. In this square (King's Square), the Ebor Morris perform in the evenings. They truly are a phenomenal sight to see and Morris dancing is one of England's dying folk ways. The Morris is an English folk dance which has been a tradition for centuries. Morris teams are usually men, and the dancers wear bells on their legs and some dances involve sticks or white handkerchiefs.
If you are a fan of Jethro Tull, Steeleye Span or Kate Rusby then (aside from the fact you probably know all about Morris dancing already) this is an unmissable event. They perform here every Monday night at 7:30pm and they really are a top-notch Morris team. Find out more here. Seeing this event is free, but a tip would probably go down well.
Visit the Shambles:
It's the end of a busy day, the streets are mercifully clear of the crowds, now is the perfect time to take a walk down The Shambles, one of York's most touristy streets that is so busy during the day, it's almost impossible to take in the sense of place. This was a street of butchers back in medieval times, and the two channels of stone either side of the pavements are where the blood used to run in rivers from the carcasses after they were discarded. Now, it's regarded as York's finest street, barely-touched by time.


_USER_{NBERw4406, title = "Does Head Start Make a Difference?", author = "Janet Currie and Duncan Thomas", institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research", type = "Working Paper", series = "Working Paper Series", number = "4406", year = "1993", month = "July", doi = {10.3386/w4406}, URL = "_URL_ abstract = {Although there is a broad hi-partisan support for Head Start, the evidence of positive longterm effects of the program is not overwhelming. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey's Child-Mother file, we examine the impact of the program on a range of child outcomes. We compare non-parametric estimates of program effects with estimates from parametric models that control for selection by including mother fixed effects. This comparison suggests that studies that ignore selection can be substantially misleading; it also suggests that the impact of selection differs considerably across racial and ethnic groups. After controlling for selection, we find positive and persistent effects of participation in Head Start on the test scores of white and Hispanic children. These children are also less likely to have repeated a grade. We find no effects on the test scores or schooling attainment of African-American children. White children who attend Head Start are more likely to receive a measles shot, while African-American enrollees receive measles shots at an earlier age. African-American children who attend Head Start are also taller than their siblings. In a sample of the children's mothers, we find evidence that whites who attended Head Start as children are taller and have higher AFQT scores than their siblings who did not}, }


How to replace your old oxygen electrode with a new one
Posted October 07, 2018 09:12:11When it comes to replacing your old battery, it may be time to look for a new battery.
In fact, the problem that has dogged some electric car owners is that the batteries they have in their cars are not the same as those in their vehicles.
That means when it comes time to replace the batteries in your electric car, you may be stuck with a different type of battery.
That's where an oxygen electrode comes in.
The oxygen electrode is a thin, flexible electrode that can replace a traditional battery in an electric vehicle, but it can also replace a conventional battery in a car that isn't powered by an electric motor.
This is because oxygen can absorb light energy from the vehicle and store it in the electrodes, which are lighter.
The electrodes also allow for more efficient charging and discharging.
While there are a number of different types of oxygen electrodes available, the standard type is an oxygen-filled electrode, which is used in many cars and light trucks.
That type of electrode is made of copper, and it is typically used in cars to provide the required amount of oxygen to power the electric motor, and for charging the battery.
Oxygen electrodes can be used for a variety of applications, but for this article, we're going to focus on the standard oxygen electrode used in most electric vehicles.
What are the different types?
There are four types of oxide electrodes available: oxygen-activated (OAT), oxygen-free (OFA), oxygen electrodes (OEP) and oxygen electrodes without electrodes.
The OAT electrode has a thin surface that can be coated with an oxygen agent or a polymer.
Oxygenic compounds are added to the OAT, making it a more robust electrode.
The same material that is used to make OAT electrodes also makes the OTA, the oxygen-containing electrode used for light bulbs.OAT electrodes are made of an oxygen compound called anhydrous amine, which reacts with the electrolyte in the battery to create oxygen.
The resulting oxygen-oxygen mixture can be charged and discharged using the same electrolyte as in a battery.
This allows the battery and the electric vehicle to work better together.
The electrode that has the most oxygen-based material in it can provide the most power to the electric engine.OFA electrodes are used in electric vehicles, light trucks, sport utility vehicles and motorcycles.
The main advantage of these electrodes is that they have a relatively thick electrode, and can be covered with an oxidizer.
Oxidizers provide a protective layer on the electrode surface, and they provide the necessary amount of light energy to charge and discharge the electrode.
When the battery is powered by the electric drive system, oxygen molecules can flow into the electrode, but this does not cause the electrode to lose oxygen.
In contrast, OEP electrodes are the most common type used in vehicles.
These electrodes are thinner, lighter, have a better electrode surface and are more durable.
They are used primarily in vehicles and light vehicles.
The downside to using OTA or OEP is that these electrodes can oxidize, and that can lead to the electrode's surface becoming oxidized, which can cause the battery or the electric car to become unstable.
That can lead the electric system to overheat.
When it came time to upgrade an electric car's battery, the first step was to find a replacement electrode.
That process took about five to six weeks, depending on the size of the battery, according to Michael Cusimano, the lead electric vehicle engineer for the company Tesla.
Cusimanos battery upgrade company is developing a battery that can handle up to 5,000 miles on a single charge, and the company plans to offer the battery at the end of 2021.
The company has a number other batteries in development that will be able to handle up that much charging.
The first is a battery with a larger capacity, which could be in the 10,000 to 20,000-mile range.
The second battery that is in the works is a 10,200-mile battery that will eventually be available for purchase.
This battery will be used in the Tesla Model 3, a car designed to go beyond the conventional car, and could be a significant improvement over existing electric vehicles in its ability to drive up to 90 miles on the highway.
Tesla is also working on developing a vehicle that will allow people to drive autonomously without needing to be in control of a steering wheel.
This car is still in the early stages of development, but Tesla is currently working with several automotive manufacturers to develop the technology.
The third and final battery that Tesla plans to release to the market is the 9,000 mile version of the company's next-generation electric car.
This version of Tesla's electric car will feature a battery pack that will exceed 10,500 miles of range.
In the near future, the company will release a 7,000 battery pack, which will be comparable to the Tesla Roadster.


text:
This helpful checklist appears in Librarian's Guide to Genealogical Research by James Swan on page 23 & 24. This book is available in the Indiana/Genealogy Room at Lake County Public Library under GEN _PHONE_ SWAN.
- Did the person who created the record have personal knowledge of the event being recorded?
- How long after the event was it recorded?
- Why was the record made?
- Does the book or register have an index?
- What is the potential for error?
- Can you read the document?
- Can the information be verified?
- What is the possibility that the person who gave the information was lying?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


The Story
Wolfe Audio Production™ is the brain-child of ''Wolfe Audio™'', a part-time music producer from the San Francisco Bay Area. Wolfe Audio™ has a strong interest in many music genres. His current projects revolve around EDM, Soul, R&B, and Hip-Hop music.
Wolfe Audio™ grew up with a busy schedule. As a youth, his mother added music instruction in the recorder, piano, violin, and saxophone to his everyday life. Music performances either occurred on Saturdays or weekday evenings. Private violin lessons in the Twin Peaks area of San Francisco helped to create a deeper understanding of music. Practicing with the Suzuki Method of learning music helped Wolfe Audio™ maintain proficiency in a complicated instrument.
During his adult years, Wolfe Audio™ developed a passion for the artistic side of life. Music composition became a dream career. In his off-time, Wolfe Audio™ dabbled in electronic music production. He assisted one producer from Florida in professional home recording and music promotion. The producer's music ended up being played on several local radio stations.
Currently, Wolfe Audio™ is focused on music production and creating original music. His plan is to create music year-round. Music education has been the focal point of his life the past several years. Art college has deepened his knowledge and fine-tuned his music production skills. Wolfe Audio™ is available for hire by contacting him or his part-time staff through this site.


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This is the 5th and final posting for A Midsummer Night's Dream and is due before class starts on Friday, May 23.
In A Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare presents us with an unusual and fantastic series of events as fairies and mortals mix in the mysterious woods just outside Athens. The four lovers and the mechanicals each undergo their own experience with the fairy world. However, different characters provide varying takes on the night's strange happenings. Consider the following three reactions/explanations by different characters:
- Nick Bottom awakes from his dream, his "most rare vision," and offers one explanation at the end of Act IV, scene 1.
- At the beginning Act V, Duke Theseus explains to Hippolyta what he thinks of the situation in the woods.
- And finally, Puck re-appears with his own suggestion for the audience in the closing lines of Act V.
Of the three reactions/explanations, choose one that you believe the most significant or closest to how you might try to explain what happened in the woods. Whom do you believe the most? Bottom, Theseus, or Puck? Why? Point to specific lines from the play to help make your point.


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Woman wearing an apron in a kitchen
Cook with Red Apron by Léon Bonvin
An apron is a garment that is worn over other clothing and covers mainly the front of the body. It may have several different purposes and is today perhaps most known as a functional accessory that protects one's clothes and skin from stains and marks. However, various types of aprons may also be worn as a decoration, for hygienic reasons, as part of a uniform, or as protection from certain dangers such as acid, allergens or excessive heat. It can also be used in work stations to hold extra tools and pieces or protecting from dust and unwanted products.
As a top layer that covers the front body, the apron is also worn as a uniform, adornment, ceremonial garb (most notably the Masonic apron) or fashion statement. Apron styles can be practical, fashionable, and sentimental.
Apron styles[edit]
There are many different apron forms depending on the purpose of the apron. A basic distinction is between waist aprons, which cover the body from the waist down, and bib aprons, which also cover the upper part of the body.
An apron is usually held in place by two ribbon-like strips of cloth that are tied at the back. A bib apron may either have a strap around the neck (perhaps the most widespread use today), or shoulder straps that criss-cross at the back and attach to the waistband. The advantage of the former design is that it makes it especially simple to put on the bib apron. The advantage of the shoulder strap design is that it makes the apron more comfortable to wear; a neck strap can slightly impair ease of movement.
Some modern-day aprons have humorous expressions, designs or corporate logos.
Bib apron[edit]
The bib apron (also known as the "French chefs apron" or a "barbecue apron") has been worn for centuries. The bib apron's humble beginnings began when people used scraps of fabric to make a bib-like covering that slipped over the neck and tied at the back.[1] The bib apron's intuitive design and full coverage have made it a popular apron for tradesmen and people in low-economic classes since the 1880s—and maybe even earlier. In the 1960s—when women no longer wanted an apron that symbolized domestic ideals—the bib apron became the most-used apron and is now offered in a multitude of variations, colors, detailing and fabrications.
Pinafores may be worn by girls and women as a decorative garment or as a protective apron. A related term is pinafore dress (American English: jumper dress); it is a sleeveless dress intended to be worn over a top or blouse.
Baker's wife,
Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise, France)
in a tabard (U.K.)
or cobbler apron (U.S.) or
sv:Överdragsförkläde (Sweden)[2][3][4]
A tabard (British English; cobbler apron in U.S. English) is a type of apron that covers both the front and back of the body. It is fastened with side ties or with waistbands that tie in the back. It covers most of the upper part of the body and is used in many occupations, like bakeries, hospitals, and large retail stores. The original cobbler's apron was typically made of leather.
An alternative version uses snaps instead of ties and closes at the front. Such an apron is in effect like a vest and is more commonly sold for domestic rather than occupational use.
Bungalow apron[edit]
A bungalow apron is an item of women's at-home clothing. Most bungalow aprons were extremely simple garments, often with kimono sleeves (sleeves cut in one piece with the body of the dress), little or no trim, and the fewest possible fasteners. Most date from the first half of the 20th century (roughly 1910 into the 1940s), when they evolved into or were replaced by the "patio dress" or Lounger available today.
In contrast to most aprons, they were intended to be worn as a stand-alone garment,[5] not over another dress. They probably developed from the full-coverage wraparound or pullover aprons of the early years of the 20th century.
Bungalow aprons fell roughly between nightgowns or house coats and house-dresses; they were appropriate for morning in-home wear but would not have been worn outside of the house, as opposed to a true morning or house-dress, which might have been worn to the grocery store or in other informal situations.
Clerical garment[edit]
The term apron also refers to an item of clerical clothing, now largely obsolete, worn by Anglican bishops and archdeacons. The clerical apron resembles a short cassock reaching just above the knee, and is colored black for archdeacons and purple for bishops. The apron is worn with black breeches, reaching to just below the knee, and knee-length gaiters. The history behind the vesture is that it symbolically represents the mobility of bishops and archdeacons, who at one time would ride horses to visit various parts of a diocese or archdeaconry. In this sense, the apparel was much more practical than a clerical cassock would be. In latter years, this vesture was more symbolic than practical, and since the mid-twentieth century it has fallen out of favor.
Aprons in the home[edit]
The apron was traditionally viewed as an essential garment for anyone doing housework. Cheaper clothes and washing machines made aprons less common beginning in the mid-1960s in some countries such as the United States. However, the practice of wearing aprons remains strong in many places.
Today, the apron has enjoyed a minor renaissance in terms of both women and men now wearing them when performing household chores. For instance, an article in The Wall Street Journal claimed in 2005 that the apron is "enjoying a renaissance as a retro-chic fashion accessory" in the United States.[6] However, it still is not as prevalent as it was prior to the 1960s.
Aprons are nowadays considered equally appropriate for both women and men by most people. However, prevailing social norms ensure that women frequently wear more delicate clothing, and may therefore be more likely to want the protection an apron offers. This can also be because the apron is the traditional clothing for cooking and washing dishes, usually done by women.
Protective and fashionable aprons throughout history[edit]
Since fabric was precious in the medieval and Renaissance eras, aprons then were little more than scraps of material tied around the waist with the intent of protecting the valuable clothing underneath.[1]
Bib apron with split leg detail
In Europe during the Middle Ages, aprons were worn by blacksmiths, armor and weapon makers, gardeners, carvers, furniture makers, leather smiths, cobblers, tailors, jewelers, metal forgers, fishmongers, clock makers, homemakers, tradesmen, artisans and masons.[7] Tradesmen in general were called "apron men," as aprons were so common that distinguishing styles emerged between the various trades. For example, English barbers were known as "checkered apron men."[8] Cobblers wore black to protect garments from the black wax used on shoes. Butchers wore blue stripes. Butlers wore green aprons. Blue was commonly worn by weavers, spinners, and gardeners. Stonemasons wore white aprons as protection against the dust of their trade, and even in the twenty-first century, aprons survive as part of Masonic ceremonial attire. These aprons were long, coming down to below the knees, with a flap or bib to protect the chest. The Union of the Grand Lodge of England between the Ancient and Modern branches of English Freemasonry in 1813 brought into many effect many changes in dress and ritual which still prevail to this day. In respect to the Masonic apron it was felt necessary to have these standardised and the resulting effort are the aprons we have in use today.[9] The Dutch worn aprons bordered with black and with a skull and crossbones on the flap. Scottish lodges each have their individual right to choose the design, colour and shape of their aprons; some employ a tartan, while many others have a circular rather than a triangular flap.[9] Soldiers of the French Foreign Legion wore leather aprons as part of their ceremonial dress as early as the 18th century.[1]
From these utiliarian beginnings, the modern apron got more stylish over time. During the Renaissance, more fanciful aprons crafted from finer fabrics began to appear—usually without bibs and often embroidered. Well-to-do women favored long dresses often with detachable sleeves, and to keep their expensive gowns clean, they wore washable aprons or overdresses in a range of embellishments and materials.[10]
Early 19th century, apron from Podhale
Aprons became a fashion statement in the 1500s, when women started adorning them with expensive lace and embroidery.
Politics ruled women's fashion in 1650s England when Oliver Cromwell decreed that women and girls should dress properly. This sparked the Puritan look of a white apron covering a long black dress that reached from a woman's neck to her toes.[1]
At the height of


text:
Definition of metaphysically
adv. - In the manner of metaphysical science, or of a metaphysician. 2
The word "metaphysically" uses 14 letters: A A C E H I L L M P S T Y Y.
No direct anagrams for metaphysically found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after metaphysically (in bold), or to aacehillmpstyy in any order:
t - sympathetically
All words formed from metaphysically by changing one letter
Browse words starting with metaphysically by next letter

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
by John Haley
This Issue's Software Showcase featured program is Chiral 1.0.0. Released this last April, this puzzle game is still relatively new. The development of Chiral was a joint effort between independent developer Trevor Powell and Ambrosia Software's Andrew Welch. On and off, development took over two years.
Chiral can best be described as a combination of the atomic bonding, domino concept and Tetris game play. Points are scored by assembling a puzzle in the form of a molecule. Different atoms appear and have to be fitted into the forming molecule according to number of bonds. Satisfying all of the bonds of all of the atoms of a given molecule will clear that molecule from the screen and score points.
This is the basic playing screen for Chiral 1.0.0. The test tube on the right holds the atoms that have to be placed on the screen. The higher the level, the faster this test tube fills up. Atoms are placed with a simple point and click of the mouse. The number of bonds each atom needs is symbolized by a dot pattern and color. Four dots means that atom needs four bonds. By color the atoms need the following number of bonds:
Color of Atom Number of Bonds Blue 1 Red 2 Green 3 Purple 4
The red patterns are "walls" that severely limit your creativity in laying out new molecules. Luckily these restrictions do not appear on the early boards.
The greater the number of bonds, the more difficult an atom is to place. Never place the purple atoms near walls or the edge of the screen. You will not be able to connect to all four bonds.
Notice that once an atom has achieved all of the required bonds, the dot pattern disappears. This makes unfulfilled atoms easy to spot. The grey atom with the red question mark is a mystery atom. These atoms can have from one to four bonds required, but they are not telling.
Atoms with a marble finish, such as the top right green one, are heavy atoms and can not be moved once placed. Swapping atoms is a powerful strategy, and these heavy atoms spoil many a grand plan.
Chiral has a steep initial learning curve. To get the hang of placing atoms and fulfilling bonds, start with the practice level. Time is not as much of a factor and you can develop your initial strategy. As ones ability develops, new strategies become apparent. But time, and the lack of it, is always a factor.
If you have achieved success at the higher levels, be sure to write in with your Hints and Tricks so they can be included in a future issue. The registration fee for Chiral is $15 and the download time at 9600 Baud is approximately 30 minutes. If the download time is intimidating, we will be happy to send you the disks for a $5 shipping and handling fee.


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Its a very general and regular ways to use
clause with Column Name to Specifies the sort order used on columns returned in a SELECT statement.
order by columnname asc/desc
I am also using the same method but do you know we can use Column Index (Integer representing the position of column name) instead of specifying the name or column alias in a SQL Server Order By expression.
order by Column_Index_Number asc/desc
we can use both queries because both of these queries having the same results.
let check both syntax and result too
here I am going to query based on AdventureWork database
Example :- Getting top 10 value from Employee table based on EmployeeID in asc order
select top 10 * from HumanResources.Employee order by EmployeeID asc
output will be as given below :-
when Using Column Index instead of Column Name for same query
Note :- Column Index can be changed as 1,2,3,etc based on column name condition
select top 10 * from HumanResources.Employee order by 1 asc
then output will be same as given below :-
Reference Link :- Matt Berseth Articles[^
Note :- ORDER BY clause is only Clause where we can you use the ordinal position[Column Numbers], because it's based on the column(s) specified in the SELECT clause.
its generally recommended that to use Column Name instead of Column Number.
but in some cases using Column Number can be useful like it can be used it in a dynamic sql where column names are unknown
for getting practical way you can follow this


text: The Kepler focal plane is approximately one foot square. It's composed of 25 individually mounted modules. The four corner modules are used for fine guiding and the other 21 modules are used for science observing. Note that the four fine guidance modules in the corners of the focal plane are much smaller CCDs than the science modules. Each module and its electronics convert light into digital numbers that is analyzed for planet transits.


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"If you can see how beautiful your culture is," China Smith told Austin360, "you can see how beautiful you are." After eight years of teaching dance in East Austin schools, China realized how few opportunities there were to expose students to black art, something she believes is vital to the self-empowerment of her young students. This realization led her to found Ballet Afrique, a performing ensemble and dance studio that blends classical ballet and modern dance with African American culture. Ballet Afrique's team of artists aim to enrich the lives of performers, audiences, and students alike under the belief that expressive movement "transcends race, gender, and socio-economic backgrounds."
In addition to their performances and lectures, the rhythmically inclined dancers also teach classes from their tranquil studio, drawing in pupils of all ages and experience levels. Young twinkle toes learn the fundamentals of ballet, modern, and African dance, and an all-male tap dancing class for ages 9–17 encourages bonding, mentorship, and new ways to communicate with the downstairs neighbors.


text:
A consistent direct-iterative inverse design method for the Euler equations
Brock, Jerry S.
MetadataShow full item record
A new, consistent direct-iterative method is proposed for the solution of the aerodynamic inverse design problem. Direct-iterative methods couple analysis and shape modification methods to iteratively determine the geometry required to support a target surface pressure. The proposed method includes a consistent shape modification method wherein the identical governing equations are used in both portions of the design procedure. The new shape modification method is simple, having been developed from a truncated, quasi-analytical Taylor's series expansion of the global governing equations. This method includes a unique solution algorithm and a design tangency boundary condition which directly relates the target pressure to shape modification. The new design method was evaluated with an upwind, cell-centered finite-volume formulation of the two-dimensional Euler equations. Controlled inverse design tests were conducted with a symmetric channel where the initial and target geometries were known. The geometric design variable was a channel-wall ramp angle, 0, which is nominally five degrees. Target geometries were defined with ramp angle perturbations of J10 = 2 %, 10%, and 20 %. The new design method was demonstrated to accurately predict the target geometries for subsonic, transonic, and supersonic test cases; M=0.30, 0.85, and 2.00. The supersonic test case efficiently solved the design tests and required very few iterations. A stable and convergent solution process was also demonstrated for the lower speed test cases using an under-relaxed geometry update procedure. The development and demonstration of the consistent direct-iterative method herein represent the important first steps required for a new research area for the advancement of aerodynamic inverse design methods.
- Doctoral Dissertations


Skip to definition.
Noun: sedation si'dey-shun
 1. A state of reduced excitement or anxiety that is induced by the administrative of a sedative agent
 2. The administration of a sedative agent or drug
 - drugging
Derived forms: sedations
Type of: administration, giving medication, physical condition, physiological condition, physiological state
Encyclopedia: Sedation


text:
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (U.S. Customs or CBP) seizes and forfeits hundreds of millions of dollars of merchandise every year. The IRS, DEA, U.S. Postal Service, and other Federal agencies also have the legal authority to seize and forfeit merchandise that were allegedly used illegally or were proceeds of alleged illegal activity, but U.S. Customs administrative and judicial forfeiture procedures are unique. The answer is that seizures by U.S. Customs typically are not included within the Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform Act of 2000 (CAFRA).
The difference between a seizure under CAFRA's rules under 18 U.S.C. 983 – The General Rules for Civil Forfeitures, and the U.S. Customs rules under the Tariff Act of 1930 and the Supplemental Rules of Admiralty, is significant. These significant differences are often misunderstood, including by attorneys who do not regularly practice in seizure and forfeiture matters. Under CAFRA, the U.S. Government must send an administrative seizure notice to affected persons within 60 days of the seizure, but for U.S. Customs cases, there is no such requirement. In fact, unfortunately, U.S. Customs often takes 90 to days to issue the Seizure Notice letter to affected parties such as the owner of the seized merchandise. Under CAFRA, a claimant has 35 days from the date of the notice of seizure to file its administrative claim or request judicial forfeiture. For U.S. Customs cases, the claimant must file a Petition within 30 days of the seizure notice or, if seeking judicial review of the seizure, file a claim and cost bond equal to 10% of the value of the seized merchandise, up to a maximum of $5,000. In CAFRA cases, no court bond is required. Once in Federal Court, for CAFRA cases, the U.S. Government's burden of proof is by the preponderance of the evidence. In U.S. Customs cases, the Government has a lower burden of proof by establishing probable cause for the seizure, and then the burden shifts to the claimant to establish, by the preponderance of the evidence, that the property may not be forfeited.
There are other numerous differences, a few of which are set forth in a comparison chart. One big difference is that in U.S. Customs cases, a claimant may file an administrative Petition with U.S. Customs seeking to get the seized merchandise released, and if unsuccessful, then go to Court. In non-U.S. Customs cases, a claimant who chooses to file a Petition with the Federal agency and loses cannot then seek relief in Federal Court. In general, filing a Petition with U.S. Customs or other Federal agency is the preferred alternative because it is often (1) faster, (2) less expensive, and (3) gives the greatest chance of success in getting the merchandise released from seizure.


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The analogy of aural landscape has been often used as a conceptual tool for describing electroacoustic music. It should be distinguished from the more precise meaning of Sonic Landscape or Soundscape used by Soundscape Studies researchers. In particular, the British writers Trevor Wishart and Simon Emmerson have used the term. Aural Landscape encapsulates sound's inherent propensity to suggest physical space (both real and imagined) in playback, as well as listeners tendency to relate the aural to the visual (both real and imagined) when presented with works in an acousmatic situation.
Bibliography: Barret, Natasha (1999). Little Animals: Compositional Structuring Processes
Wishart, Trevor (1986a). Sound Symbols and Landscapes
Wishart, Trevor (1996a). On Sonic Art - Revised Edition


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based on uniform distributions is closer to the truth than the viewpoint of someone who avoids the mediocrity arguments.
Also, if you can prove that there can exist no mechanism that would be creating certain uniform distributions but that would still be consistent with other well-known facts about the Universe, the mediocrity argument is ruled out, too. Various types of thermal equilibrium of intelligent observers who live in different parts of a huge multiverse and at different moments are probably incompatible with the rest of physics we know.
We should carefully avoid unjustified dogmas about the special nature of our environment or our species or ourselves but we should also avoid unjustified dogmas claiming that these things can't be special.
And that's the memo.


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, 804)
Pearls are a good example of the rare value of the blessings of the Garden. Divers must go down several times into the dangerous depths of the sea to bring them up, and this adornment is found in only a few of the many oysters that are collected. Besides its beauty, what gives value to this little object is, as we said above, the effort required to obtain it and its great rarity.
Much time, effort and expense is required in this world to obtain the pearl, but they are abundant in the world to come. The fact that such a rare and valuable object of beauty is plentiful will doubtless produce a particular excitement in the human spirit. Moreover, the blessings of the Garden revealed in the Qur'an will have a beauty that is beyond our capacity to imagine. The hadith mention a pearl that illuminates everything between East and West, but we cannot completely picture the brilliance and splendour of such a pearl in our minds.


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My "Friendly" outlook in writing this article is to look at the concept of multiple intelligences through the eyes of a Quaker and to consider possible applications in a First Day School setting. There comes a point in the life of a Friend when the realization comes that the inner and outer lives are connected. It is this inner light felt by individuals in the sense of "daily living" that we can present Friends social testimonies of peace, simplicity, equality and ecological witness to children in our classes.
A growing tension exists between our Quaker families and our culture of busyness and 'round the clock scheduling. Caught between school sports and all of other choices that now exist on Sunday mornings, Quaker families often don't prioritize meeting attendance. Needless to say, this is very discouraging for First Day School teachers who have worked hard to prepare a lesson. Irregular attendance also inhibits the formation of friendships among class members and the development of a sense of community.
Welcome to this opportunity to wonder with the young Friends in your meeting, to be a mentor and role model, and to join together as you search for the Inward Teacher available to all. There are some excellent materials available to you to help you organize and present a First Day School (FDS) program. We have listed some of them at the end of this article. But you've been asked today! Here are a few ideas that others have found helpful.
Teachers usually teach because they feel led to, and that they have real gifts and ministry to offer children and youth, are often missed. Other adults focus on their own needs that the teacher has filled which are likely NOT why someone has chosen to teach
An Activity for Middle and/or High School Friends
The following activity is a great opportunity to have some fun and create some excitement about your First Day School program. In addition, it helps young Friends to identify and represent themselves in the larger community as Quakers. It takes between 2 and 3 hours.
The FGC Religious Education committee is encouraging Quaker religious educators to explore the many possible ways one can build a lesson around a single book. The Religious Education committee is calling such a lesson, especially one created using a form or template they have provided, a Lesson from a Book. (See sample lessons in this issue.) There are scores of excellent books available, so it makes sense to plan carefully and maximize the use of these books in the First Day School setting.
This resource will help folks working on coordinating a weekend long retareat for Quaker youth.
Download Recipe for Weekend-long Retreat for HighSchool Aged Quaker Youth.
Below are a collection of book reviews and lesson plans for children's first-day school.


National Handwriting Day
National Handwriting Day is on January 23rd. Its aim is to highlight the importance of the skill of handwriting. It is an important day in today's world where people use a computer keyboard more than a pen or pencil. Some people are worried that in the future, handwriting might become a lost art.


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The spectacular Grand Hall offers an introduction to the history, cultures and beliefs of the First Peoples of Canada's Pacific Coast. With its curving, six-storey window wall and unrivalled view of Parliament Hill, the Grand Hall is one of the country's most impressive indoor public spaces and the Museum's architectural centrepiece.
Visitors will discover six iconic Native houses connected by a Pacific Coast shoreline and boardwalk, magnificent totem poles, the original plaster pattern for Spirit of Haida Gwaii by celebrated Haida artist Bill Reid, and Raven Bringing Light to the World, a gold-on-bronze sculpture by Robert Davidson.
Behind the house facades and boardwalk are two exhibitions: First Peoples of the Northwest Coast and From Time Immemorial – Tsimshian Prehistory.
First Peoples of the Northwest Coast offers a fascinating look at this renowned culture — a culture that is firmly rooted in history, but continues to thrive and evolve in the 21st century. Recently redesigned, the exhibition is organized by themes and offers a selection of historic and contemporary artifacts from the Museum's pre-eminent collection.
From Time Immemorial – Tsimshian Prehistory reproduces the archaeological excavations carried out from 1966 to 1978 in the Prince Rupert region of British Columbia. In an ancient forest setting, the exhibition presents the way of life of the Tsimshian nation in prehistoric times and the role of the archaeologist in bringing the past to light.
Top left: Grand Hall
CMC, photo Steven Darby, IMG2009-0096-0003-Dm
Top right: Spirit of Haida Gwaii by Bill Reid
CMC, photo Steven Darby, IMG2009-0111-0001-Dm
Bottom left: Raven Bringing Light to the World by Robert Davidson
CMC, photo Harry Foster, S89-1738
Bottom right: Morning Star by Alex Janvier
CMC, photo Steven Darby, IMG2010-0133-0004-Dm


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What does TWOC stand for?
TWOC stands for Trinity World Outreach Center (Louisville, KY)
This definition appears very rarely and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
- Organizations, NGOs, schools, universities, etc.
See other definitions of TWOC
We have 2 other meanings of TWOC in our Acronym Attic
- Teen Way Off Broadway
- Timeless Way of Building (book by Christopher Alexander)
- Total Waste of Bandwidth
- Taken Without Owner's Consent (UK theft)
- Termination without Cause (employment)
- Textile Workers Organizing Committee (Congress of Industrial Organizations)
- The Western Orthodox Church
- The Woodlands Operating Company (Texas)
- Training Wing Operations Center
- Trial Without Catheter


Guy Vaping
Kansas is having a tough time combating vaping among the youth. It is making an effort in using education to curtail teenage appetite for vaping. Age limits are also being placed to tackle the issue. As students look for help to get rid of vaping, educators play a huge role in helping students deal with underlying issues.
Why Do Teens Vape?
The main question that needs to be understood is why teens are resorting to vaping juices like chill'd tobacco by Cosmic Fog in the first place. The truth is that many students have a tough time transitioning to high school or college and end up getting in the habit of vaping to deal with the stress. Whenever students feel depressed, they take out their vaping device.
What Is Being Done In Kansas?
Since most teens tend to be in school or college, high schools and colleges are implementing a tobacco-free policy to ban visitors, students, staff, and faculty from consuming any type of tobacco product on campus. It applies to electronic cigarettes as well. However, the measures are not as effective as they sound on paper. Students are still breaking the rules to continue vaping on campus. Since the devices are very easy to conceal, it is tough for educators to prevent students from vaping in between classes and breaks.
Need for Uniform Standards Regarding Vaping
There is a need to develop uniform standards to highlight the implications of vaping. It is not easy to break through the vaping industry and prevent teens from getting hold of vaping products. Since there is plenty of pro-vaping information that downplays the risks associated with vaping, many teens do not realize the potential consequences of vaping until it is too late. According to the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, as much as 40 percent of illnesses related to vaping have affected people under the age of 21.
Need To Limit the Availability of Vaping Products
The need of the hour is to limit the availability of vaping products. Various researches reveal that vaping has a serious impact on the lungs and heart. President Trump had signed legislation back in 2019 which increased the age for purchasing tobacco products to 21 from 18 federally. For the state of Kansas to keep up, it needs to also increase the minimum age to match with the federal threshold.
Republican John Barker has collaborated on a bill that will make it a requirement for only people of the age of 21 to purchase tobacco products. As more and more states adopt the 21 age limit, the government of Kansas needs to catch up.
House Bill 2563 had been introduced back in February. It compromises the increase of legal age for purchasing vaping products. Although the bill managed to pass through the committee, it stalled out in the end.
As more students are drawn to electronic cigarettes, Kansas has a lot more to do to curb vaping among teens. Vaping is a serious issue that cannot be mishandled.


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from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. A spongiform quartz, a mineral of a spongy texture, of a whitish-gray color, often with a tinge of yellow, so light as to float in water. It frequently contains a nucleus of common flint.
- n. In bricklaying, a stone used to rub curved work smooth and remove the ax-marks, as in the heads and backs of niches. Its form is made the reverse of that of the surface on which it is to be used.
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Sorry, no example sentences found.


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Nova Scotia Black Experience Through the Centuries By Bridglal Pachai
The Nova Scotia Black Experience Through the Centuries is a comprehensive account of the African Nova Scotian struggle to build a vital community in the face of racial discrimination. Originally published in two volumes as Beneath the Clouds of the Promised Land, this illustrated edition has been extensively updated and includes a new chapter tracing the experiences of Nova Scotia's black community into the twenty-first century. Author Bridglal Pachai profiles the individuals and organizations that fought for equality in education, business, politics, religion, and the arts, and carved a path for tomorrow's leaders. Covering more than four hundred years of a people's history, heritage, and culture, The Nova Scotia Black Experience Through the Centuries is a powerful record, indispensable to any study of the province's history.


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In this issue of JAMA Ophthalmology, Linz et al1 investigate the preference values and treatment preferences of patients with vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VIA) in 3 countries. To do this, they used the Vision Preference Value Scale, which was first validated in 2004 in the Submacular Surgery Trial2 to measure the value that patients place on their vision. Interestingly, the study by Linz et al found similar results among patients from Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The authors justifiably conclude that their study has important implications for future research and for the delivery of patient-centered eye care. However, the authors do not go into great detail describing these implications, which are worthy of further consideration.
Ehrlich JR. What Is the Value of Preference Values for Patient-Centered Eye Care? JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018;136(6):664–665. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.1537
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pp: 65-68
Nate Lawson, Root Labs
When it comes to cryptographic software, side channels are an often-overlooked threat. A side channel is any observable side effect of computation that an attacker could measure and possibly influence. In the software world, side-channel attacks have sometimes been dismissed as impractical. However, new system architecture features, such as larger cache sizes and multicore processors, have increased the prevalence of side channels and quality of measurement available to an attacker. This article explains three recent side-channel attacks on cryptographic software, exploiting a comparison function, CPU cache timing, and branch prediction logic to recover a secret key. Software developers must be aware of the potential for side-channel attacks and plan appropriately.
cryptography, side channel attack, timing attack, AES, Advanced Encryption Standard, RSA, HMAC, Hash Message Authentication Code, CPU cache, branch prediction logic, multicore, crypto corner
Nate Lawson, "Side-Channel Attacks on Cryptographic Software", IEEE Security & Privacy, vol.7, no. 6, pp. 65-68, November/December 2009, doi:10.1109/MSP.2009.165
1. P. Kocher, "Timing Attacks on Implementations of Diffie-Hellman, RSA, DSS, and Other Systems," Cryptography Research, 1995; TimingAttacks.pdf.
2. D. Brumley and D. Boneh, "Remote Timing Attacks Are Practical," Proc. 12th Conf. Usenix Security Symp., Usenix Assoc., 2003, p. 1.
3. S.A. Crosby, D.S. Wallach, and R.H. Riedi, "Opportunities and Limits of Remote Timing Attacks," ACM Trans. Information and System Security, vol. 12, no. 3,2009, article 17;.
4. "Timing Attack Tested Successfully: Downgrade from Any Kernel without CPU-Key";.
5. N. Lawson, "Timing Attack on Google Keyzar," blog, 28 May 2009;.
6. D.A. Osvik, A. Shamir, and E. Tromer, "Cache Attacks and Countermeasures: The Case of AES," Topics in Cryptology—CT-RSA 2006, LNCS 3860, Springer, 2006; pp. 1–20.
7. O. Aciiçimez, Ç.K. Koç, and J.-P. Seifert, "On the Power of Simple Branch Prediction Analysis," Proc. 2nd ACM Symp. Information, Computer and Communications Security, ACM Press, 2006, pp. 312–320.
43 ms
(Ver 2.0)
Marketing Automation Platform Marketing Automation Tool


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Glanford Brigg Poor Law Union
- As a result of the Poor Law Amendment Act reform of 1834, 50 Brigg-area parishes covering 252 square miles in Lincolnshire, just south of the River Humber, became part of the Glanford Brigg Poor Law Union which was formally constituted on 18 January 1837. The count of parishes increased over the years as new parishes formed in the district. See an expanded history at the Peter Higganbotham site.
- This Poorlaw region covered 165,470 acres of land.
- The Registration District had three subdistricts: Brigg, Barton and Winterton. The Winterton subdistrict was originally called the Messingham subdistrict (this changed between 1842 and 1872).
- A workhouse was built on Wrawby Street, at the entrance to the town from Wrawby parish. It was built in 1835-37 of white brick, designed to hold 220 inmates. It had a detached fever ward. A new infirmary was erected in 1914-15. A photo of the infirmary is at: Workhouse Infirmary
- The Board of Guardians met on alternate Thursdays at the workhouse.
- The workhouse later became "Glanford Hospital". This closed in 1991. The buildings were later demolished, with the exception of the infirmary.
- The Lincolnshire Archives has the Guardians' minute books _PHONE_; the Minutes of Committees 1912-30, Register of Inmates 1928-37; Register of Births _PHONE_; Boarding out 1912-30; etc. All records are subject to 100-year closure for privacy.
- For a map of the area, see: Alan Godfrey maps.
- For more on what the LFHS and the Lincoln Archives have on Lincolnshire Poor Law records, see our Poorhouses page.
||H.O. 107 / 2116
- 1842: Relieving officer: Charles CAPES.
- 1856: Sir Robert SHEFFIELD, baronet, Chairman of the Board of Guardians; John HETT, clerk; Rev. J. R. WEST, chaplain; George EMPRINGHAM, workhouse master; Mrs. EMPRINGHAM, matron. Relieving officers: Thomas JAMESON, William MASON and Charles CLAY.
- 1872: Rowland WINN, Chairman of the Board of Guardians; John HETT, clerk; Rev. J. R. WEST, chaplain; George EMPRINGHAM, workhouse master; Mrs. EMPRINGHAM, matron. Relieving officers: George WRIGHT, William MASON and Charles CLAY.
- 1881: Henry GIBSON, workhouse master; Mrs. Caroline Hall GIBSON, matron. Miss Emily OWENS, schoolmistress; Miss Charlotte GRADY, Nurse; Miss Harriet ANDREWS, Nurse; Thomas HILL, Porter.
- 1913: Rev. George GODFREY, Chairman of the Board of Guardians; John BEAULAH, Vice Chairman; Richard Fox SMITH, Vice Chairman; Frank C. HETT, clerk; Alexander S. L. MELVILLE, Treasurer; Rev. A. N. CLAYE, chaplain; H. F. GIBSON, workhouse master; Mrs. GIBSON, matron. Relieving officers: Elwood Alfred ELWOOD, Walter Arnold TAYLOR, Joseph H. KENDALL.
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[Last updated: 30-April-2007 - Louis Mills]


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Pama Languages Press, established by Pama Language Centre in 2017, is supporting writers in First Nations Languages.
Pama Languages Press aims to enable First Nations authors and language champions to develop ancestral language literature and resources required to support both community based language revitalisation and maintenance and support school based language curricula. Very little published literature and educational material is currently available in the First Nations languages of Cape York Peninsula.
Pama Languages Press is working with First Nations authors and language champions to establish a new ancestral languages publishing domain. We develop traditional and contemporary First Nations ancestral language literature in both print and digital media, promoting ancestral language literacy and developing professional pathways in First Nations languages.
As a multi media publishing company established specifically for the purpose of First Nation ancestral language revitalisation Pama Languages Publishing will be able to:
- create employment and support to authors interested in taking on the challenge of writing in First Nations Languages
- establish status and recognition for First Nations languages as languages of high culture
- create training pathways and opportunities for careers in Ancestral Languages literacy, translation and teaching.
By supporting authors, developing essential resources and by strongly contributing to the building of ancestral language pathways via employment and training, Pama Languages Press will work to build many of the foundational resources and much of the expertise necessary for ancestral language viability.
The development of a professional corps of First Nations Ancestral Language Experts – including writers, editors, teachers, translators and language curriculum experts – is a necessary step toward ensuring and developing the cultural capital of Cape York Peninsula.


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Abandoned and Exposed Nuclear Material
Russian and American scientists have been working together to ensure that metal scavengers cannot obtain nuclear materials from on old Soviet test site. The site was used for lots of tests, and not every bomb exploded. In theory, someone could use the leftovers to create a sophisticated nuclear weapon. The cleanup has just been completed, at a cost of $150 million dollars, much of which paid for by the United States.
robertr clipped in 1 collections


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June 21, 2010
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
A crack in the case for supersolids
Reports of supersolid helium may have been premature
Physicists have long known that helium can become a superfluid at low temperatures, allowing it to flow completely friction free, spontaneously climb walls, and exhibit other counterintuitive characteristics. Based on quantum mechanical calculations dating back to the 1970's, some physicists predicted similar effects in solid materials. In particular, they expected ultracold solid helium could become a mixture of normal solid and supersolid forms.
It wasn't until 2004 that physicists were able to devise a way to look for supersolid behavior in helium. They filled a hollow torsion pendulum (a type of pendulum that rotates rather than swinging back and forth) with helium, then measured the rate that it twisted as the helium was cooled. Because the periodic twisting rate depends in part on the amount of normal helium in the pendulum cavity, they expected that the period would change if some of the helium became supersolid. When researchers found the period change they were expecting, many physicists declared the hunt for supersolid helium had finally come to an end.
According to Reppy's experiments, which are the subject of a Viewpoint by John Beamish (University of Alberta) in the latest edition of APS Physics (_URL_), the period change may have had nothing to do with supersolids at all. Instead, it's possible that the normal helium was deforming as the pendulum twisted. The conclusion is the result of a new pendulum design and methods to control the structure of the solid helium inside, which should allow physicists to tease out the effects of supersolid helium from the effects of deformations.
It's not yet clear that observations of supersolid helium were in error. Even if that's the case, the possibility that deformations are responsible for the period change in a helium-filled pendulum is nearly as intriguing to physicists as supersolid helium because it may result from a poorly understood phenomenon known as quantum plasticity. Only further research will determine whether supersolidity or quantum plasticity is responsible for the odd behavior of super-cold, solid helium.
The American Physical Society (_URL_) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics through its outstanding research journals, scientific meetings, and education, outreach, advocacy and international activities. APS represents over 50,000 members, including physicists in academia, national laboratories and industry in the United States and throughout the world. Society offices are located in College Park, MD (Headquarters), Ridge, NY, and Washington, DC.


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Background Cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is an increasingly recognised cause of heart failure. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping is emerging as a reference standard for diagnosis and characterisation of cardiac amyloid.
Objectives We used CMR with extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measurement to characterise cardiac involvement in relation to outcome in ATTR amyloidosis.
Methods Subjects comprised 263 patients with cardiac ATTR amyloidosis corroborated by grade 2–3 99mTc-DPD cardiac uptake, 17 with suspected cardiac ATTR amyloidosis (grade 1 99mTc-DPD) and 12 asymptomatic individuals with amyloidogenic transthyretin (TTR) mutations. Fifty patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis acted as disease controls.
Results In contrast to AL amyloidosis, asymmetric septal hypertrophy was present in 79% of ATTR patients (70% sigmoid septum and 30% reverse septal curvature), whilst symmetric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was present in only 18%; 3% of patients has no LVH. In patients with cardiac amyloidosis, the pattern of LGE was always typical for amyloidosis (29% subendocardial, 71% transmural) including right ventricular LGE (96%). 65 patients died during follow-up (19±14 months). ECV independently correlated with mortality and remained independent after adjustment for age, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, ejection fraction, E/E' and left ventricular mass index (hazard ratio, 1.164; 95% confidence interval, 1.066–1.271; p<0.01).
Conclusions Asymmetric hypertrophy, traditionally associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, is the commonest pattern of ventricular remodelling in ATTR amyloidosis. LGE imaging is typical in all patients with cardiac ATTR amyloidosis. ECV correlates with amyloid burden and provides incremental information on outcome even after adjustment for known prognostic factors.
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Tungsten carbide cobalt is an alloy of a hard ceramic phase, the tungsten carbide (WC) and a ductile metallic phase, the cobalt (Co). Hard metals such as WC-Co are non-natural materials not occurring in nature. They are produced by mixing carbide and metal powders, a forming step and a thermal treatment (sintering).
From hard metals, mainly tools are produced for chipping (turning, milling, drilling) or non-chipping shaping (drawing, rolling, spinning), as well as for cutting (stamping) or breaking of metals, wood, paper, plastic, stone, and coal. Further, surgery equipment is produced from WC-Co.
Likewise, different technical wear-resistant parts like nozzles or reinforcements (e.g. for mills) are made of WC-Co. Well-known products include hard metal driller or hard metal coated circular saw blades for hobby craftsmen as well as the small balls in ball pens.
Important properties of WC-Co are hardness, strength, high breaking and beating ductility as well as high electrical and thermal conductivity. By varying the metallic cobalt content and the tungsten carbide grain size, important properties of the alloy can be specifically adapted. This fact is illustrated in Figure 1 with respect to hardness. By varying the cobalt content between 0 and 20 mass per cent, hard metals can cover a hardness range from tempered steel to super-hard alloys. The smaller the carbide grain the harder an object can penetrate the surface and the higher is its hardness.
In 1999, the task-force 'hard metals' of the German industrial union for powder metallurgy suggested a classification of WC-Co hard metals according to grain size, which is today accepted worldwide (Table 1). For hard metal grain sizes below 1 µm, exceptional combinations of hardness and strength are achievable, which makes such alloys interesting for the production of hard materials and very fine tools.
Ground breaking for the development of hard metal industries was the work of the Osram Studiengesellschaft in Berlin and the patent filed in 1923 by Karl Schröter, which was bought by the Krupp company later on. As soon as 1926, Krupp introduced the first alloy under the name WIDIA to the market. WIDIA is short for "wie Diamant" (German for 'diamond-like') and refers to the extraordinary hardness of the material. Nowadays, large production facilities are located in China, the USA, Sweden, Israel, Luxembourg, Austria and Germany.
After use, hard metals are recycled to a large extent, WC-Co containing scrab is either reused completely in hard metal production or used for steel alloys.
- R. Kieffer, F. Benesovsky: Hartstoffe, Wien, Springer-Verlag 1963
- W. Schedler: Hartmetall für den Praktiker, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1988
- V. Richter, K. Müller in: Schatt, Wieters, Kieback: Pulvermetallurgie,Technologien und Werkstoffe, Springer Verlag, 2. extended edition 2007
S. Moseley, V. Richter:
Hard metals of the EPMA


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1. A glass flask whose volume is exactly 1000cm^3 at 0 degrees Celsius is completely filled with mercury at this temperature. When the flask and mercury are heated to 100 degrees Celsius, 15.2cm^3 of mercury overflow. If the coefficient of volume expansion of mercury is 18 x 1...
variable saparable(separation of variable) 1.) (2x+y)dy + (2x+y+6)dx=0 2.)(5t+1)t ds + (25t-1)sdt=0 I don't the solution of this problem I think it a "repeated expression". Can someone help me on this? thanks a lot. :)
1.) (2x+y)dy + (2x+y+6)dx=0 2.)(5t+1)t ds + (25t-1)sdt=0 thanks. :)
thanks for your help. :)
1.) Water flows from a 2 cm diameter pipe, at a speed of 0.35m/sec. How long will it take to fill a 10 liter container? 2.) A horizontal segment of pipe tapers from a cross-sectional area of 50 cm^2 to 0.5 cm? The pressure at the larger end of the pipe is 1.2x 10^5 Pa and the...
can someone help me on this? thanks a viewing window 30cm in diameter is installed 3m below the surface of an aquarium tank filled with sea water. The force the window must withstand it approximately. a. 22N b. 218N c. 2140N d. 8562N thanks
that is the only information I have copied.
Can someone help me on here? thanks. :) A U-shaped tube is partly filled w/ water and partly filled w/ liquid that does not mix w/ water. Both sides of the tube are open to the atmosphere. What is the density of the liquid?
There are four types/purposes of Communication 1. Exposistion 2. Narration 3. Description 4. Argumentation can someone give me a definition and an example of Exposistion? thanks. :)
For Further Reading


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product description page
Media Convergence Handbook : Journalism, Broadcasting, and Social Media Aspects of Convergence
About this item
The Media Convergence Handbook sheds new light on the complexity of media convergence and the related business challenges. Approaching the topic from a managerial, technological as well as end-consumer perspective, it acts as a reference book and educational resource in the field. Media convergence at business level may imply transforming business models and using multiplatform content production and distribution tools. However, it is shown that the implementation of convergence strategies can only succeed when expectations and aspirations of every actor involved are taken into account. Media consumers, content producers and managers face different challenges in the process of media convergence.
Volume I of the Media Convergence Handbook encourages an active discourse on media convergence by introducing the concept through general perspective articles and addressing the real-world challenges of conversion in the publishing, broadcasting and social media sectors.


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Process Systems: Theory and Applications from Different Aspects
by Katalin Hangos and Gábor Szederkényi
Combining a priori phyisical and engineering knowledge with theories of artificial intelligence, discrete event systems and modern nonlinear control has led to new theoretical results and successful applications in the field of modelling, analysis and control of process systems at the Process Control Research Group at SZTAKI.
A rough definition for process systems is that the operation of such systems is based on the laws of thermodynamics. Well-known examples of process systems include heat exchangers, chemical reactors, distillation columns and wastewater treatment systems. The Process Control Research Group is part of the Systems and Control Laboratory of SZTAKI, and studies the modelling, analysis and control of process systems.
Process Modelling and Model Analysis
Process models for control and diagnostic purposes most often take the form of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), with the conservation balances being the differential part and the constitutive equations the algebraic part. A number of hidden relationships exist between the equations and their terms, as dictated by the laws of thermodynamics, unit operation, reaction kinetics, heat and mass transfer. Together with these relationships, the equations can be seen as structured texts (like computer programs) with a syntax and semantics defined implicitly by the underlying laws of thermodynamics and chemical engineering. This approach enables us to use formal methods of computer science to construct, verify, analyse and simplify process models in a rigorous and automated way. Our latest results in this field are an assumption-driven model-building procedure, a systematic model-simplification method and an assumption-retrieval procedure for the determination of simplification assumptions of two related process models. Furthermore, the prototype of an assumption-driven model editor has been developed in Prolog language. Cooperating partners in this research area are the Department of Computer Science at the University of Veszprém in Hungary and the Computer Aided Process Engineering Centre in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Queensland in Australia. Several years of joint work resulted in a book entitled Process Modelling and Model Analysis, written by Katalin Hangos and Ian Cameron and published by Academic Press in 2001.
Intelligent and Discrete Process Control
Intelligent and discrete process control and diagnostic methods apply so-called discrete event system models, which are currently one of the hottest research topics in systems and control theory. Such systems are widely found in practical applications and are characterised by the presence of discrete valued variables: state, input and output variables with a finite number of possible values. At present, our research in this field is focussed on the hierarchical decomposition and analysis of process models using hierarchical coloured Petri Nets. Our previous results on.the invariance inheritence in Petri Nets and the application of Artificial Intelligence methods in generating operating procedures serve as a starting point for this work. Recently, we successfully utilised hierarchical coloured Petri Nets for multiscale-modelling, deadlock-detection and fault diagnosis in an industrial granulator system. The simulation results run on the validated system model are promising, making the next short-term goal to implement the developed techniques on the real system.
In 2001, Kluwer Academic Publishers published a book in this field with the title Intelligent Control Systems (An Introduction with Examples), written by Katalin Hangos, Rozália Lakner and Miklós Gerzson
Nonlinear Process Control
Nonlinear system theory and the nonlinear control and diagnosis methods based thereon form one of the most challenging and fast-developing areas in modern systems and control theory. Its significance is explained by the fact that most engineering systems (and process systems in particular) show nonlinear behaviour, with a few exceptions of continuously operated systems near a well-defined and stable operation point.
|Figure1: Reachability surface in the state space of a simple fed-batch fermentation process.
Apart from its practical importance, nonlinear systems and control theory requires the understanding and application of advanced mathematical concepts and tools from the areas of nonlinear differential equations, functional analysis, differential manifolds and algebra and symbolic computations. It turns out, however, that the principles of the engineering discipline governing the behaviour of the nonlinear system play a key role in the understanding, analysis and control of engineering systems. Thus the use of engineering knowledge determines certain structural properties of a nonlinear system, and this can make it feasible or even easy to handle otherwise very difficult problems. This type of interdisciplinary approach to control problems is commonly called a grey-box approach. Recent research results show that this approach can be successfully applied for the nonlinear analysis of control-related features such as local and global stability, reachability, observability, passivity and zero dynamics. These analysis results together with physical and engineering knowledge allow us to understand the dynamic behaviour of process systems in more depth, and to select and design nonlinear controller structures with the properties we require.
|Figure 2: Screenshot from the assumption-driven model editor software (analysis of model transformations).
In the field of nonlinear mechanical systems, the Hamiltonian description of these systems gives rise to their special characterisation and the development of their very powerful passivity-based control. The analogy with the Hamiltonian description of mechanical systems has led to the Hamiltonian description of process systems.
The developed methods were successfully tested on a variety of process systems:
- fermentation processes with highly nonlinear reaction kinetics operated in continuous or fed-batch mode
- a low-power nonlinear gas-turbine (in cooperation with the Department of Aircraft and Ships at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics and the János Bolyai Military Technical College Faculty of the Miklós Zrínyi National Defence University)
- a nonlinear electro-pneumatic valve within the brake system of trucks (in cooperation with the Research and Development Center of Knorr-Bremse Brake-systems Ltd. in Budapest).
Our most important partner in this area of activity is the Systems and Control Laboratory of SZTAKI, and a significant result of this cooperation is another book, entitled Analysis and Control of Nonlinear Process Systems and written by Katalin Hangos, József Bokor and Gábor Szederkényi, which is to be published by Springer-Verlag in early 2004.
Katalin Hangos, SZTAKI
Tel: +36 _PHONE_


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Saturday 15 June
Flap-necked chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis)
Flap-necked chameleon fact file
- Find out more
- Print factsheet
Flap-necked chameleon description
The flap-necked chameleon's common name derives from the large, movable flaps that protrude from either side of the upper surface of its neck (2) (4). Normally these flaps lie flat, over a bony protuberance at the back of the head called a "casque" (2), but during threat displays to deter rivals or predators, they can be raised and angled at 90 degrees to the head (2) (4). Males can be distinguished from females by their taller casques, larger flaps and by the small spurs which protrude from the hind legs of some subspecies. At rest, the flap-necked chameleon's body colouration is usually light green, brown or yellow, with a light or dark stripe extending across the flanks. The flap-necked chameleon's body is diffusely marked with numerous dark spots, which become bright yellow or orange when it is excited or ready to mate (2). Two low crests formed from large conical scales run down the centre of the upper and lower surfaces of the body (2), with the lower crest beginning at the throat and continuing unbroken over the belly (5).
- Length: up to 38 cm (2)
Flap-necked chameleon biology
Usually found amongst the branches of trees and bushes, the flap-necked chameleon will occasionally descend to the ground in order to seek out new feeding grounds or a mate (7) (8). Like other chameleon species, the flap-necked chameleon has a number of special adaptations for hunting. Its eyes are located on cone-shaped turrets, which can move independently, allowing it to look in two different directions simultaneously, while searching for its insect prey. Once spotted, prey is caught by means of the flap-necked chameleon's remarkable, extensile tongue. The contraction of special muscles within the tongue rapidly propels it towards the prey, which is snared by a combination of the tongue's sticky mucous coating and a vacuum created by muscles in the tip (9).
When threatened, the flap-necked chameleon presents a dramatic display, rocking from side-to-side, while raising its neck flaps, expanding its throat pouch and gaping its mouth (4) (5). Female flap-necked chameleons are larger than the males and outcompete them for the most favourable areas within their habitat, where prey is most abundant (8). The short mating season is the only time when females will allow males to approach them without conflict. After mating, the female once again becomes aggressive to males, turning black and butting heads with any that approach (7). After a gestation period of around one month (6), the female digs a hole in which the eggs are buried (2). While clutch sizes of up to 60 eggs have been recorded in captivity, in the wild, clutch size may be significantly smaller (2). Hatching takes place around 9 months later (5), with the young reaching sexual maturity after 9 to 12 months (2).Top
Flap-necked chameleon range
One of the most widely distributed chameleon species (2) (6), the flap-necked chameleon is found throughout almost all of southern and central Africa, with the northern limits of its range extending from Nigeria and Cameroon in the west to Somalia and Ethiopia in the east (3).Top
Flap-necked chameleon habitat
The flap-necked chameleon occupies forest, bush and grassland savannah (7).Top
Flap-necked chameleon statusTop
Flap-necked chameleon threats
The flap-necked chameleon is one of the most extensively exported chameleon species with almost 50,000 individuals exported between 1977 and 2001. The greatest demand for these chameleons comes from the U.S.A. pet trade (6).Top
Flap-necked chameleon conservation
The flap-necked chameleon is listed on Appendix II of the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and any international trade in this species is therefore strictly controlled and regulated by annual maximum export quotas (3). Despite its popularity in the pet trade, at the present time this species appears to be widespread and common (7). Nevertheless, without proper monitoring of the effects of harvesting for the pet trade, the flap-necked chameleon's population is at risk of undergoing a significant, but undetected, population decline (6).Top
Find out more
To learn more about reptile conservation visit:
International Reptile Conservation Foundation:
Authenticated (23/02/2009) by Edward I. Pollak, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, West Chester University of Pennsylvania.Top
- The state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth.
- A population usually restricted to a geographical area that differs from other populations of the same species, but not to the extent of being classified as a separate species.
IUCN Red List (June, 2011)
AdCham.com (January, 2009)
CITES (June, 2011)
- Meyers, R.A. and Clarke, B.M. (1998) How do flap-necked chameleons move their flaps?. Copeia, 1998: 759 - 761.
- CarruthersV. (2005) The Wildlife of Southern Africa: A Field Guide to the Animals and Plants of the Region. Struik, Cape Town.
- Carpenter, A.I., Rowcliffe, J.M. and Watkinson, A.R. (2004) The dynamics of global trade in chameleons. Biological Conservation, 120: 291 - 301.
World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (January, 2009)
- Hebrard, J.J. and Madsen, T. (1984) Dry Season Intersexual Habitat Partitioning by Flap-Necked Chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis) in Kenya. Biotropica, 16: 69 - 72.
- Halliday, T. and Adler, K. (2002) The New Encyclopedia of Reptile and Amphibians. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
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Preventative measures: According to Melrose (2002), no known treatments exist to counteract the effects of M. cerebralis in infected organisms. Those fish that do recover still retain the physical damage associated with infection. To decrease or prevent economic losses, various management techniques have and are being developed for use in fish hatcheries. As young fish are the most susceptible, management techniques have traditionally focused on controlling exposure of fry to the infectious stage of M. cerebralis, which are microscopic spores called triactinomyxons. Hatcheries have previously done this in two ways: 1) rear the young fish in well water to prevent exposure until they are older and more resistant, or 2) use pond designs that reduce potential habitat for oligochaetes. New research suggests that exposing water to unltraviolet light can inactivate triactinomyxons. A dose of 1300 mWs cm-2 ultraviolet light can inactivate 100% of the triactinomyxon sporoplasm cells. Sporoplasm is the infective mass of protoplasm within the spore that is injected into the host cell by various parasitic microorganisms.
The Whirling Disease Foundation, the Whirling Disease Initiative, and sponsored researchers are leading research on the development of a working risk assessment model for whirling disease and how it might be used as a management tool by fisheries managers to estimate risks and identify actions to reduce these risks. For details and updates on this project please see Whirling Disease Initiative: Risk Assessment.
1. Melrose, E. 2002. Myxobolus cerebralis: The causative agent of whirling disease in salmonid fish. Dalhousie University.
Summary: A detailed report on background information on Myxobolus cerebralis. The report also includes management information.
3. Whirling Disease Initiative, 2005b. Publications and Resources
Summary: This webpage gives accesss to reports, publications, bibliography and links dealing with whirling disease, its impacts and management in the USA. Also available are maps of spread in the USA and profiles of whirling disease research projects.
Available from: _URL_ [Accessed 10 November 2005]
Results Page: 1


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||Higher-Dimensional general Jacobi identities I
It was shown by the author [International Journal of Theoretical Physics 36 (1997), _PHONE_] in synthetic differential geometry that what is called the general Jacobi identity obtaining in microcubes underlies the Jacobi identity of vector fields. It is well known in the theory of Lie algebras that a plethora of higher-dimensional generalizations of the Jacobi identity hold, though it is usually established not as a direct derivation from the axioms of Lie algebras but by making an appeal to the so-called Poincar\'e-Birkhoff-Witt theorem. The general Jacobi identity was rediscovered by Kirill Mackenzie in the second decade of this century [Geometric Methods in Physics, 357-366, Birkh\"auser/Springer 2013]. The principal objective in this paper is to investigate a four-dimensional generalization of the general Jacobi identity in detail. In a subsequent paper we will propose a uniform method for establishing a bevy of higher-dimensional generalizations of the Jacobi identity under a single umbrella.
[v1] A four-dimensional generalization of the general Jacobi identity[v2] タイトル変更


Content Writing Jobs From Home; Become a Freelance Writer
Content Writer
If you are a content writer or are keen to become a freelance content writer, then rest assure that there is a rising demand for content.
Making money online and working from home are becoming popular ways of making an additional income for the family.
This article concentrates on how to become a content writer and provides you with a list of the best websites to find work as a remote content writer.
What Is Content Writing?
Content Writing Definition
Content Writing is a type of online writing, generally linked to marketing campaigns.
When a company wants to promote a specific product content writers create the writing which appears on these campaigns.
It is mostly related to SEO marketing campaigns and writers focus on producing high-quality content, including a set of keywords and phrases relevant to the product marketed.
What Is A Content Writer?
A Content Writer is a professional writer who can turn a brief into an engaging article, blog or other written content ready to be advertised online.
Copywriting Vs Content Writing
Copywriters produce text, whereas content writers produce engaging, persuasive written content from a brief.
Types of Content Writers
Blog Writer
blog writer devotes their time to write engaging content about their selected niche.
The writer will research information relating to the blog subject, working with other experts to produce credible, well-written articles.
Blog Writers usually are experts in Search Engine Optimization and perform keyword research while optimizing the content written.
A scriptwriter has expertise in storytelling; they produce the written content for TV shows, movies, podcasts, radio advertising and more.
Email writer
An email writer is responsible typically for the generation of sales through their emails.
They are required to write headlines and phrases that attract the attention of the email reader, ensuring it is directed correctly at them.
Ghost Writer
A Ghostwriter produces original work, but someone who does not take credit for the work produced.
They fill gaps in organizations that do not have the skills or motivation to complete the task.
Ghostwriters require confidence and credibility as they often write for CEOs and other team members producing Leadership pieces, white papers and other important articles.
Social Media Writer
Becoming a Social Media Writer is one of the more accessible options when considering content writing jobs.
We nearly all do social media writing already on our Facebook or Instagram pages, so there is not a lot to learn.
A Social media writer will publish written content into various social media sites, promoting their product, initiation conversations and interactions with social media users.
Social Media Writers understand the most popular social medial platforms and keep up to date with any changes, to ensure they keep engaging followers.
As Social Media Writer, you will be responsible for social media posts, quizzes, PR outreach and other tasks associated with social media advertising.
Technical writer
Technical writers produce understandable written content from complex technical information for a non-technical audience.
The writers specialize in particular niches and produce guides, How to's, manuals, training and marketing material, in house publications and advertisements, to name a few.
What Skills Do Content Writers Need?
Content writers need a variety of skills:
Grammar - It is crucial Content Writers understand all grammar rules.
Researching Skills - You will need to find interesting and trustworthy information from recognized, reliable sources.
Organization Skills - You'll have to develop a routine to organize articles; the last thing you would want to do is forget something when you are completing a task.
The Ability to Meet Deadlines - Ensuring your high-quality content on time is paramount.
Time management is a must.
Creativity - To ensure your articles stand out from the crowd, you must ensure you create content that is unique and different than your competitors.
The more creative you are, the more your content will get noticed.
Adaptability - You must be able to meet the brief of the client you are working for; this involves ensuring the content fits with their brand.
SEO Experience - As a successful content writer, you must be aware of SEO trends and know how to optimize your content to get ranked by the search engines.
These skills are vital to becoming successful as a freelance content writer.
How To Become A Successful Content Writer
Steps to becoming a successful Content writer:
1. Develop Your Writing Skills
Before beginning your career as a content writer, you will need to ensure your writing skills are top-notch.
Freelance writing jobs require you to have excellent English language skills:
Daily Grammar offers free grammar lessons and quizzes for you to learn and test your knowledge.
ProWriting Aid analyzes your content writing for a fee; this includes reviewing and helping you edit full chapters, entire reports and in-depth articles.
The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation is a great guide to keep by your desk. It is full of useful tips.
Aim your writing at an 8th-grade reading level; there is no point in using big fancy words when half the readers will not understand them. Instead use simple words.
Ensure you write as you speak.
Keeping your paragraphs to one sentence makes it easier for the reader to read the content.
Make your writing easy on the eyes.
I personally always start with an outline, I detail each of my headings and subheadings so I can ensure the format looks good and reads easily; this ensures I have included everything I want to write.
2. Provide Answers to Questions
To keep your readers engaged, ask and answer questions throughout your content.
People read articles and blogs to increase their knowledge, so ensure you provide well thought out accurate answers.
3. Be Unique
To keep your readers engaged, ensure your content is unique, people don't want to read the same articles over and over. Be different than your competitors and try a new angle.
Producing original content is also essential for SEO optimization. If you post duplicate content google will detect it, and you may get penalized.
In all honesty, you will save time and effort by writing unique content.
Generating new content ideas is a challenge, thinking of new subjects related to a particular niche is hard and takes time, but it is worthwhile to set you aside from the rest.
4. Understand Search Engine Optimization
You must understand the SEO basics if you want to become a successful content writer.
Search engines are continually updating the factors they use to rank websites, so you need to keep up to date with the changes and understand them so you can optimize your content to take advantage of them.
5. Reviewing Your Content
Review your content, review it again and then come back the next morning and review it.
You need to review it as if you were reading it for the first time, does it flow well, are there spelling or grammatical mistakes, have you missed any hints.
Checking it over and over ensures there are no mistakes.
Why Become A Content Writer?
Becoming a freelance content writer offers some great benefits:
Its Flexible - Content writer jobs from home provide you with flexibility. You can choose when you want to work, where you want to work from and how you want to work.
I write when my girls are at school. I lock myself in my study in the quiet to produce articles while they are away from home.
You are also in control of how many hours of writing you do per week and the amount of money you want to earn.
It Is Satisfying - If you enjoy writing, then what a great job to have!
How Content Writers Spend Their Time
There are several tasks content writers need to do to produce engaging, unique content.
Every time they write content, readers must read and research all about the topic.
Content writers need a plan.
By committing ideas to paper before writing, content writers can determine if an article will work. It helps organize the specific subjects, to make the writing flow.
Now, to the best bit. Writing
Writers probably spend half their time writing and editing their content.
Finally, Writers must review their work.
Content Writer Courses
If you have no experience in content writing, there are several courses that can set you in the right direction.
Freelance Writers Den
An online resource for writers who wish to launch their writing careers.
It provides you with a range of online learning, including how to pitch and write reviews, live events to build your skills, s24/7 forum, so you have access to an active community of writer.
Lisa Tener - Book Writing Coach
This website gives you a comprehensive guide on how to write a book and get it published.
Movie In a Month
If you fancy becoming a screenwriter, a movie in a month is a great option. Developed by screenwriters, it is designed to help you write a screenplay.
Content Writer Jobs
There are several places that you can find Freelance Content Writer positions:
This company will pay your $100 for writing a list.
The list must have a minimum of 10 items, between 1,500 and 2,000 words and can be about anything; it just needs to have excellent English.
Freelance Writing Gigs
The Freelance Writing gigs job board is updated weekly. You will find both content writing jobs and Blogging jobs.
If you subscribe, jobs get posted directly to your inbox.
The ProBlogger jobs board lists a range of blogging assignments.
The ads are great as they explain what is required and the salary range.
Freelance Writing
By signing up to Freelance, you will receive job alerts each morning of any new freelance writing jobs.
They produce a Morning Coffee Newsletter each week which contains 8 of the best new writing jobs for freelancers.
Blogging Pro
Updated daily with new jobs, Blogging Pro is a free site full of content writer jobs.
All Freelance Writing
For all kinds of freelance writing, this website advertises blogging and technical writing jobs and also


Browser Fingerprinting: There's no place where you can hide
The EFF, The Electronic Frontier Foundation, did research about the users' privacy and how it is possible to identify the user in a quite unique way.
The concept is based on gathering as much information as possible, like user agent (browser and version), resolution, plugins installed, timezone, language, and so on to create a message digest to identify the user / user's device in an accurate way.
This means that disabling the cookies is not enough to avoid this kind of identification. So you can still be a target of web tracking, mainly for marketing and commercial purposes.
The full article is available at "A Primer on Information Theory and Privacy".
So fascinated by this experiment I've tried to create just for fun something similar to generate a "unique" fingerprint.
You can test my version on JSFiddle.
You can check the code here below:
But if you only think all the information the Google has got during the years based on what you have done on Internet, it's enough to track and predict your behaviour without too many problems and put at risk your privacy.


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[Getting Started with Creeper]
Setup your project
Setup your own project. Typically, your code will be contain in a package that uniquely identifies you and your project. For example, you could set up a package my.name.myProject. This would be an equivalent of creating a directory structure me/name/myproject and pasting your code files withing the myProject directory.
Download Creeper, extract the zip file and copy the 'net' directory (found inside'src') into the source directory of your own project, so that 'net' and'my' folders are on the same level. Next, delete directory net/lenkaspace/creeper/creeperDemo - you will not need the demo files.
Controlling Ant-Based Construction
Stigmergy allows insect colonies to collectively build structures that no single individual is fully aware of. Since relatively minimal sensory and reasoning capabilities are required of the agents, such building activity could be utilised by robotic swarms if we could learn how to control the shape of the final structures.
Boid Game-Playing through Randomised Movement
The original boid flocking algorithm is extended by adding randomised movement to the flock members. This approach is a light-weight alternative to other 'follow the leader' techniques implemented in order to create a 'game-playing' behaviour during which a flock changes its movement direction as observed in real birds.
A small compiler script for C with GCC
Fast Data Analysis Using C++ and Python