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Birds Australia's (BirdLife Partner) Threatened Bird Network has announced that it's time once again to start looking for one of Australia's most rare and cryptic wetland species; the Endangered Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis.
After the spring/summer months of 2009/2010 yielded sightings of only 11 individuals, signs are good for the upcoming season with five birds already recorded at two sites in Queensland!
The onset of heavy winter rains throughout the Murray Darling Basin, the Channel Country and into the interior this winter could prove to produce a bumper breeding season for the Australian Painted Snipe, as it has already been for other opportunistic waders such as Banded and Black-winged Stilts. The rain events of this winter will however, allow the birds to remain dispersed, resulting in potentially lower detectability to Australian Painted Snipe surveyors. For this reason the Australian Painted Snipe Recovery project encourages wetland birders from across the nation (especially in the under-represented north) to be ever vigilant as APS have been found in all types of habitat from vast lagoons to storm water drains.
Australia wide simultaneous surveying for Australian Painted Snipe will occur on the weekends of October 16 and January 15 in an attempt to improve estimates on the population, now thought to stand at less then 1,500 individuals. Incidental surveys outside these dates (including those where no Australian Painted Snipe are seen) are also much appreciated in an attempt to unravel the many ecological questions still surrounding this enigmatic bird.
For more information on the Australian Painted Snipe and tips on how and where to survey for them, please click here.


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This lesson will guide you through setting the different Administration Setting options available for an online assessment. Options may vary by assessment type.
Where to Start
Online Testing - Administration Settings
Select Show to open Online Testing - Administration Settings. These settings allow you to customize when in the administration window this test is available as well as if this test requires a secure testing environment. You can also add an inline test booklet for hybrid or flexible assessments so the test booklet does not have to be printed out.
Time of Day Window:
- All Day: The assessment is available all day throughout the Testing Window Start and End Dates.
- Daily Window: The assessment is available for a certain window of time throughout the Testing Window Start and End Dates.
- Sets a time limit for the student assessment. Default value: 0.
- Allows students to pause the assessment in progress for a quick break (e.g. restroom break, recess). Default value: 3.
CR Input Method (Constructed Response):
- Online Entry: Students will see a box to type their answers.
- Written: Disables online testing boxes so students cannot type their answers.
- Open: Students can access the assessment instantly.
- Password: Requires students to enter a password the first time students access the assessment. The password is not required if they continue the test in another testing session.
- Any Browser / Device: Students can access the assessment on any browser or device.
- Lockdown Browser Only: Students must access the assessment using a Lockdown Browser application installed on their devices. This prevents students from opening new tabs while logged into the assessment.
Randomize Answer Choices (Itembank Assessments Only):
- Normal Choice Order: Displays the answer choices in the default order outlined by the answer key.
- Randomize Choice Order: Displays shuffled answer choices for each question. The question order remains the same based on the answer key.
Randomize Items (NEW Item Bank Assessments Only):
- Normal Item Order: Display items in the order in which the assessment is created for all students.
- Randomize Choice Order: Shuffles the order in which questions are displayed from student to student.
Test Booklet (Hybrid and Flexible Assessments Only):
- Select the test booklet students need to see alongside their online bubble sheet.
Locked Browser Only is permission-based and will only be seen on the screen if enabled by a System Administrator. In order to use this feature, specific set up is required. To learn more about our Locked Browser, visit Enabling Locked Browsers for Online Testing.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Everyone loves birds. They are majestic and inspiring. They are dedicated parents. Their sweet songs fill the air with life. They're also a great way to learn about nature and science.
"Imagine a school class having fun and learning about biology by playing a game of Bird Bingo or Habitat Scavenger Hunt," said Les Fruits de Mer President Jenn Yerkes. "We're excited to make that possible by offering a free training program for teachers and educators. It can be used in the classroom and outdoors and it was made for the Caribbean."
BirdSleuth Caribbean is a set of fun lessons and activities that uses birds to teach youth about nature and science. BirdSleuth Caribbean has been specially adapted for the region, so kids learn about the birds and habitats that they can see around them. It's designed for students 9-13 years old. The program contains lessons, activities and learning games that can be done in the classroom and outdoors.
Les Fruits de Mer will be hosting free training in the BirdSleuth program with instructor Binkie van Es. Participants will enjoy hands-on training and receive materials to bring back to their class or youth group. On each training day, 4-5 different games and activities will be taught.
"It's an amazing feeling to see kids fall in love with birds and science through the BirdSleuth program," explained BirdSleuth instructor Binkie van Es. "Birds are the perfect gateway to a love of nature and a passion for learning. The activities are a lot of fun for teachers, too!"
The training will be at Amuseum Naturalis at The Old House on two Saturdays: September 22 and Sept 29, from 9am-1pm. It will be bilingual in English and French. It is free, and lunch will be served after each training session. If you are interested, please contact [email protected]itsdemer.com to reserve your spot in the free training.


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- What preventative measures can I use to stop my strawberry plants being attacked?
- Why have the stems of my clematis been stripped of their outer layers? Some of the stems are dead and there are holes in the leaves.
It sounds very much like slug damage. Pop down to your greenhouse one night and see whether you can spot them. Pick them off the plants and kill them, use beer traps, or apply a sharp scratchy mulch such as gravel to deter them. If you are not keen on creeping about by torch light then put down some slug pellets. For an organic approach try using Nemaslug.
It sounds like your Clematis is struggling a bit! The damage to the stems and leaves is likely to be caused by snails or slugs at this time of year (May). The easiest way to deal with them is to apply slug pellets around the base of the plant and hand pick them off the leaves and stems at dusk when they are at their most active.
The other common cause of damage to clematis is earwigs which chew ragged holes in the leaves and flowers, although this tends to be a problem later in the summer when the weather is warmer. Earwigs can be collected in small flower pots stuffed with straw. Place them upturned on a garden cane close to the plant. The earwigs like to hide in them during the day, when you can remove the straw and any resident earwigs and dispose of them.
We would also suggest that you prune out any dead stems now, to allow new growth to develop.
Copyright © Thompson & Morgan, 2004-2013. All rights reserved.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Views:0 Author:Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-09-17 Origin:Site
Mud technology in trenchless construction
If the blade foot is slightly larger than its size corresponding to the outer diameter of the pipe, it is possible to reduce the frictional resistance of the outer wall of the pipe. This prevents the upper layer from directly pressing on the tube body. As long as the soil is hard enough, this method will achieve the desired effect. And if the supporting medium is pressed into the gap formed between the pipe and the soil layer, the effectiveness of this method can be greatly improved, and it can be maintained for a certain period of time, which is enough to push into a relatively long pipeline. While supporting the excavation jacking pipe, the supporting medium can also serve as a lubricant to reduce friction.


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The P-TRAP consortium consists of 16 participants from 7 European countries, which requires an appropriate management structure to ensure a smooth and successful course of the project.
The organisational structure of P-TRAP is based on 7 work packages (WPs) and on the following management bodies:
Management Board: the communication interface between the EC and the project consortium, responsible for the overall management of P-TRAP
Supervisory Board: the central decision making board, responsible for the scientific strategy and direction
Training Board: responsible for the planning, organisation, and monitoring of the training activities
Dissemination & Communication Board: responsible for the planning organisation, and monitoring of dissemination and communication activities
External Advisory Board: external scientific expert board to advise the consortium and evaluate the progress of the project
Workpackages: thematic groups to structure, organise, and coordinate the (scientific, training, and administrative) project activities


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One thing infographics are really good for is providing a sense of scale. Certain numbers are just too big to really comprehend, and can also be made to sound bigger or smaller than they actually are depending on how they're presented. Let's take shark finning as an example.
When fishermen remove sharks' fins (sold to make things like traditional Chinese medicine and shark fin soup) and throw the disfigured animals back into the water, the sharks can't swim or move properly and sink to the bottom of the ocean or are eaten by predators. Shark fins are big business, but you may not have heard a lot about the industry or understand the gravity of the issue. 100 million sharks are killed every year because of finning, but how big is that?
This infographic will help. And if it doesn't impress upon you the number of sharks killed through finning you're not really scrolling. Speaking of which, by the time you scroll to the bottom of the graphic about 73 more sharks will have died. The graphic also points out that sharks kill 12 people a year, which is not none, and therefore shouldn't be trivialised. But the gravity of the finning situation is still clear. No soup for you. [Alltop]


text: Approaching Carbine manipulation fundamentals from the stand point of human biomechanics, ergonomics and mental processing, the D5 Carbine program is as much about understanding the carbine as it is about understanding yourself and the principles that make you who you are. Developed for beginner, intermediate and advanced shooters, Disruptive Science™ Carbine is designed to give students a template for increasing; mental acuity, focus, dexterity, balance and spatial awareness while performing skill based Carbine manipulations. These same skills have direct application in your daily life and your interactions with the people around you. The D5 Carbine program will not just make you a better shooter. It will help you find performance and understanding in all aspects of your life.


All questions
How long do hard-cooked eggs that have been peeled last in the refrigerator?
asked by AntoninDevourChoc over 4 years ago
1 answer 19381 views
added over 4 years ago
Once eggs are cooked, they should be used within one week. It doesn't matter if they are peeled or not. If is preferable not to peel them until you are ready to eat or use in your recipe. Peeled hard boiled eggs can be stored in the refrigerator in a bowl of cold water to cover for about 1 week (change the water daily) - or in a sealed container without water (cover the eggs with damp paper towels) for the same length of time.
SAFETY NOTE: It is not safe to leave hard boiled eggs (including those in their shells) out at room temperature for long. If they have been taken to a picnic, or served on a buffet, keep them cool while they are being served, and discard the leftovers.


The Future of Ethereum in a Meme: Ultra Sound Money
The "ultra sound money" meme has been running in Ethereum based circles for some time, gaining momentum as the asset rises and rises in value during this bull market. While it is considered a joke by many, like a myriad of memes, it hides a very complex array of factors that contribute to Ethereum's newfound status. However, it is not without its critics from the Bitcoin side.
The 'Ultra Sound Money' Meme Explained
If you have mingled in inner Ethereum cryptocurrency circles, you probably have heard the words "ultra sound money," used as a meme to explain what the Ethereum network is going to become when it turns to proof-of-stake (PoS). But memes, being as they are, are a complete simplification of the subject, and fail to describe the whole mechanism behind it. Roughly, the ultra sound money meme serves to mock bitcoiners who describe bitcoin (BTC) as a "sound" money asset, meaning this that is not liable to sudden depreciation in its value.
Built by Justin Drake, a researcher from the Ethereum Foundation, the meme surfaced on Twitter last year on September 10. It compared the issuance of Bitcoin with the new issuance of Ethereum once EIP1559 (an improvement on how the network taxes transactions) and the change to proof of stake consensus are activated on the Ethereum blockchain. The meme has picked up steam since then, referred commonly to in social media. But what does it mean?
On the surface, the meme only shows that the issuance of Ethereum is likely to be deflationary over time, but fails to explain how this is achieved and what elements are put in place.
EIP-1559: Ethereum (Likely) Transforms to Deflationary
The first element that helps construct the thesis of ultra-sound money is EIP-1559, an Ethereum Improvement Proposal that changes how fees are paid to miners completely, and affects the issuance of ether over time. It works by kind of standardizing fee payments using a base fee that will be calculated on a network demand-basis to be burned. This means that if the network is under heavy usage, more ether will be burnt in the future. On top of this, a new element is added on top of this fee called the miner tip, which will let users prioritize their transactions and compete for block space.
This proposal wasn't so popular with miners, who will see the value of its rewards affected by it. In fact, some miners have even tried to signal against the proposal, but this protest failed to pick up majority support. Drake believes this is one important measure needed to prepares the network for the Ethereum 2.0 PoS upgrade, switching from a direct subsidy to a miners policy, to a possible increase of value to all ether holders in the network via scarcity increase.
With EIP-1559, the issuance of Ethereum is likely to decrease over time. This will happen because, under heavy network usage (like the Ethereum network has experienced this last year), the network will burn more ether than the ether issued, creating a deflationary tendency.
Ethereum Consensus Change Increases Efficiency and Security
The other element on the ultra sound meme book has to do with the change of consensus algorithm to proof-of-stake, which will bring many improvements to the protocol in terms of efficiency and security. While the upgrade will also have the downside of driving miners to other chains like ETC. According to Drake, the main improvement from going to proof-of-stake is that this helps to protect the network. His thesis proposes that PoS is really more efficient than PoW at securing the network. He believes so because it only needs the base asset to do so, shedding any external factors like miners who also exert selling pressure on the underlying mined asset by having to pay for expenses and hardware upgrades over time.
Also, he criticizes that Bitcoin (BTC) will be unable to secure the network without any issuance, relying on fees only in the long term. If the value of Bitcoin goes too high, and the value of the hashrate equipment securing the network keeps going lower, the Bitcoin network would become a target for attacks from governments and individuals with the economic power to do so.
Ultra Sound Money Meme Criticized
The ultra sound money proposal has been criticized by proof-of-work (PoW) consensus proponents arguing that it has two fundamental flaws: unpredictability and centralization. The former has to do with the inability of knowing exactly how many ether will be issued in any given period of time, due to the dependence it will have on network utilization. A currency with no predictable issuance can't be sound money, much less ultrasound money.
The latter describes these new measures that adjusted token issuance can be changed whenever needed to achieve some other objectives different from what Ethereum wants to achieve today. Increasing or decreasing issuance would be trivial, destroying the current proposal in little time.
However, the ultra sound meme and its described deflationary proposal seem to have some kind of validity: the price of ether has skyrocketed this last month to reach ATH levels of $4,100, and experts conclude it is likely to keep growing.
What do you think about the ultra sound money meme and its significance? Let us know in the comments section below.
Tags in this story
eip1559, Ethereum, Ethereum 2.0, justin drake, merge, Proof of Work, Proof-of-Stake, ultrasound money
Image Credits: Shutterstock, Pixabay, Wiki Commons
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text:
Why does the Sun appear larger on the horizon than overhead?
Why does the sun appear so much larger when it is on the horizon then when it is high in the sky?
That the Sun appears larger when it is on the horizon is just an optical illusion. The brain thinks that objects on the horizon should be farther away than objects overhead; since the Sun is the same apparent size in both places, the brain concludes that the Sun is physically bigger when it's on the horizon, and thus tricks you into thinking that the angular size is bigger than when it's overhead. This phenomenon is known as the Ponzo Illusion, and occurs for the Moon as well.
To convince yourself that this is, in fact, an optical illusion, put your head between your legs and look at the Sun upside down when it's on the horizon: it should look the same as it does when overhead.
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text:
Anencephalic fetuses can be an alternative for kidney transplantation: a stereological and histological investigation
Ahmet Kalaycıoğlu1, Mehmet Karaca2, ismail Can3, Osman Nuri Keleş3, Yılmaz Üçüncü1, Cemal Gündoğdu4, Abdullah Uyanık5 and Bünyami Ünal3
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, 2Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey, 3Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey, 4Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey and 5Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Offprint requests to: Dr. Mehmet Karaca, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey. e-mail: _EMAIL_
Summary. In the study, stereological, histological, and anatomical techniques were used to investigate structural and morphometrical features of anencephalic and normal fetal kidneys.
Twenty human fetal kidneys (5 male and 5 female anencephalic fetuses, and 5 male and 5 female normal fetuses) at gestational ages 30 to 35 weeks were examined. Our study used two basic research methods. One was conventional anatomical measurement at the macroscopic level, such as volume, length, weight, etc. The other consisted of conventional and modern microscopic techniques. The microscopic techniques were based on two research methods: histopathological examination at light microscopic level and stereological estimations, including mean kidney volumes, obtained by the Cavalieri method, and the total number and mean height of the glomeruli via the physical dissector method.
There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of width, height, weight, and fluid replacement volumes. Microscopic quantitative assessment found no statistical differences either, in terms of the kidney volumes and the number and height of the glomeruli.
Our findings suggest that kidneys from anencephalic infants may be a suitable alternative for renal transplantation. Histol Histopathol 25, 413-422 (2010)
Key words: Anencephalic donors, Kidney, Stereology, Anatomy, Light Microscopy


If you notice that the more money you have, the less money your brother has, you've discovered an inverse relationship: when your bank account increases, his decreases.
The word inverse traces back to the Latin inversus, from the past participle of invertere, meaning "turn upside down" or "turn about." It's a good word to use when you need to describe one of those topsy-turvy relationships in which when one thing goes up, the other goes down. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean "opposite." You've probably heard someone begin a sentence by saying, "And the inverse was true for so and so..." That just means the opposite was true.
Definitions of inverse
 1. adjective
 reversed (turned backward) in order or nature or effect
 synonyms: reverse
 directed or facing toward the back or rear
 2. adjective
 opposite in nature or effect or relation to another quantity
 of or relating to the multiplicative inverse of a quantity or function
 see moresee less
 similar in nature or effect or relation to another quantity
 3. noun
 something inverted in sequence or character or effect
 "when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse
 synonyms: opposite
 see moresee less
 additive inverse
 multiplicative inverse, reciprocal
 type of:
 oppositeness, opposition
 the relation between opposed entities
Word Family


text:
Do you have an existing Style Guide that we can work with? If you don't that's no problem. *
A style guide is a document that dictates the colors, fonts, and branding elements that a company wants to be used in all of its graphic design and branding. Once you have one, it is something you can give to all vendors that you work with that create graphic design pieces on your behalf. It ensures that every piece you create from signs, brochures, banners, clothing, stickers, websites, web graphics, and more; will have your exact colors, fonts, logo, and company's look. It is meant to ensure your company's brand is adhered to at all times across all mediums.
Do you have a preference as to whether your logo is primarily text based or graphic based? *
Including your name in the logo does not make it text based. Building the logo around your name is what makes it text based. (FedEx is an example of a text based logo, while Starbucks is an example of a graphic based logo.)


text:
Online: 31 August 2020 (07:57:53 CEST)
The problem of scheduling is an area that has attracted a lot of attention from researchers for many years. Its goal is to optimize resources in the system. The assigning task to the lecturer is an example of the timetabling problem, a class of scheduling. This study introduces a mathematical model to assign fixed tasks (the time and required skills to be fixed) to university lecturers. Our model is capable of generating a calendar that maximizes faculty expectations. The formulated problem is in the form of a multi-objective problem that optimal makes decisions require the trade-off presence of trade-offs between two or more conflicting objectives. To solve this, we use the Compromise Programming approach to multi-objective programming. We then proposed the new version of the Genetic Algorithm to solve the introduced model. Finally, the model and algorithm tested with real scheduling data collected at the Computing Fundamental Department, FPT University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0174.v1
Subject: Keywords: cloud computations; task timing; genetics algorithm; response time; virtual machine
Online: 10 May 2020 (16:15:14 CEST)
Cloud computations are based on the computer networks such as Internet which presents a new pattern to provide, consume and deliver services such as infrastructure, software, ground and other resources using network. The inappropriate timing of assigning loads to the virtual machines in the computational space could lead to unbalance in the system. One of the challenging planning problems. In the cloud data centers is considering both assigning and migration (transfer) of the virtual machines with the ability of reconfiguration and the integrated features of the hosting physical machines. In this article, we introduce an integrated and dynamic timing algorithm based on the Genetic evolution algorithm. The suggested method was evaluated based on these factors and different inputs. Our suggested method is done using Java programming language and cloud-SME simulation. The results show that the execution time and the response time were improved by 12 and 1 percent respectively.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0059.v2
Subject: Arts & Humanities, Religious Studies Keywords: multi-faith spaces; secularisation; multi-faith paradigm; unaffiliated; multi-belief
Online: 15 January 2018 (08:24:56 CET)
Multi-Faith Spaces (MFS) are a relatively recent invention that quickly gained in significance. On the one hand, they offer a convenient solution for satisfying needs of people with diverse beliefs in the institutional context of hospitals, schools, airports, etc. On the other hand, as Andrew Crompton pointed out, they are politically significant because the multi-faith paradigm "is replacing Christianity as the face of public religion in Europe" (2012, p. 493). Due to their ideological entanglement, MFS are often used as the means to promote either a more privatised version of religion, or a certain denominational preference. Two distinct designs are used to achieve these means: negative in the case of the former, and positive in the latter. Neither is without problems, and neither adequately fulfils its primary purpose of serving diverse groups of believers. Both, however, seem to follow the biases and main problems of secularism. In this paper, I analyse recent developments of MFS to detail their main problems and answer the question, whether the MFS, and the underlying Multi-Faith Paradigm, can be classified as a continuation of secularism.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0001.v1
Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Allergology Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease; Task Performance; Cognition; Human Activities; Amyloid Beta Protein; Dementia
Online: 2 November 2020 (08:06:39 CET)
The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of dual-task training, including cognitive tasks, on cognitive and bodily functioning and β-amyloid levels in Alzheimer's dementia patients. The subjects were 34 inpatients diagnosed with Alzheimer's dementia at a nursing hospital located in Gyeongsansi, South Korea. The patients were randomly divided into a dual-task group (n = 16) and a single-task group (n = 18). The dual-task group performed cognitive tasks at the same time as exercising tasks, while the single-task group performed only exercise tasks. Each group was trained for 30 minutes three times a week for eight weeks. The Mini-Mental State Examination was used to measure the patients' cognitive function. Static and dynamic balance were measured to evaluate bodily functioning. Static balance was measured using Biorescue, while dynamic balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale. Blood analysis was performed to measure levels of β-amyloid, which is known to cause Alzheimer's dementia. Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvements in gait function after the training (p <.05). The dual-task group exhibited statistically significant differences in cognitive function, static and dynamic balance function, and β-amyloid levels after training (p <.05). A significant difference was observed between the two groups (p <.05). Dual-task activities were found to be effective in improving cognitive and bodily functioning and reducing β-amyloid levels in Alzheimer's dementia patients. Therefore, dual-task training is thought to be an effective method of treating and preventing Alzheimer's dementia.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0312.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Information Technology & Data Management Keywords: Access control; Blockchain; Multi-Blockchain; Multi-Authority; Multi-Domain; Attribute-Based Encryption
Online: 19 December 2022 (03:19:23 CET)
Although there are several access control systems in the literature for flexible policy management in multi-authority and multi-domain environments, achieving interoperability & scalability, without relying on strong trust assumptions, is still an open challenge. We present HMBAC, a distributed fine-grained access control model for shared and dynamic multi-authority and multi-domain environments, along with Janus, a practical system for HMBAC policy enforcement. The proposed HMBAC model supports: (a) dynamic trust management between different authorities; (b) flexible access control policy enforcement, defined at domain and cross-domain level; (c) a global source of truth for all entities, supported by an immutable, audit-friendly mechanism. Janus implements the HMBAC model and relies on the effective fusion of two core components. First, a Hierarchical Multi-Blockchain architecture that acts as a single access point that cannot be bypassed by users or authorities. Second, a Multi-Authority Attribute Based Encryption protocol that supports flexible shared multi-owner encryption, where attribute keys from different authorities are combined to decrypt data distributedly stored in different authorities. Our approach was implemented using Hyperledger Fabric as the underlying blockchain, with the system components placed in Kubernetes Docker container pods. We experimentally validated the effectiveness and efficiency of Janus, while fully reproducible artifacts of both our implementation and our measurements are provided.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0226.v1
Subject: Behavioral Sciences, Applied Psychology Keywords: leadership; pride; authentic pride; hubristic pride; task satisfaction; group cohesion; leader satisfaction
Online: 10 September 2020 (07:46:40 CEST)
Studies of discrete pride in the workplace are both few and on the rise. We examined what has, to date, been yet unstudied: the impact that a leader's expressions of authentic and hubristic pride can have on the followers at that moment, and on their feelings about their task, leader, and group. Students working in groups building Lego structures rated their perceived leader regarding expressions of pride, both authentic and hubristic. Students who perceived the leader as expressing more authentic pride rated the task, group (satisfaction and cohesion), and leader more positively; while the reverse was generally true for perceptions of expressions of hubristic pride. We found these effects both at the individual level, and at the group level. We also predicted and found moderation for the type of task worked on, creative or detailed. Implications abound for leader emotional labor and emotion management.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0105.v1
Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Applied Mathematics Keywords: multi-objective multi-level programming; fuzzy parameters; TOPSIS; fuzzy goal programming; multi-objective decision making
Online: 15 February 2018 (20:29:20 CET)
The paper proposes TOPSIS method for solving multi-objective multi-level programming problem (MO-MLPP) with fuzzy parameters via fuzzy goal programming (FGP). At first, - cut method is used to transform the fuzzily described MO-MLPP into deterministic MO-MLPP. Then, for specific, we construct the membership functions of distance functions from positive ideal solution (PIS) and negative ideal solution (NIS) of all level decision makers (DMs). Thereafter, FGP based multi-objective decision model is established for each level DM for obtaining individual optimal solution. A possible relaxation on decisions for all DMs is taken into account for satisfactory solution. Subsequently, two FGP models are developed and compromise optimal solutions are found by minimizing the sum of negative deviational variables. To recognize the better compromise optimal solution, the concept of distance functions is utilized. Finally, a novel algorithm for MO-MLPP involving fuzzy parameters is provided and an illustrative example is solved to verify the proposed procedure.
ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0319.v1
Subject: Behavioral Sciences, Cognitive & Experimental Psychology Keywords:


What to Look for in a Student Laptop
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Posted 02/25/21 7:45am by Prim
With schools and colleges going virtual, more and more parents are looking for laptops for their child. If your child is attending school online this year, having the right equipment will make their learning experience more effective while giving you one less thing to worry about.
If you already have a great laptop for your child, you can sit back and relax. Otherwise, it's time to go shopping for a new laptop. But what do you look for when buying a laptop for a student?
Here are some key factors to consider when looking for a student laptop.
Operating System of the Laptop
The first thing you should do is to check with your child's school to see if they recommend a particular type of laptop or operating system. Depending on the particular school and curriculum, some schools may even offer their own specific type of laptops tailored to their classes.
The three most popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows OS, Apple Mac OS and Google Chrome OS. As there is no one operating system that is perfect for every student, it is important to choose the right one for your student.
Chromebooks are great for younger kids and teen students who can do all their work on a web browser or apps. While a Chrome OS laptop (Chromebook) has some advantages in terms of price, portability, and long battery life, it also has disadvantages. These laptops are primarily intended to be used while connected to the internet and they are unable to run many popular software that Windows or Mac OS laptops can run. You can check out this article on the differences between a Chromebook and a laptop for a more detailed comparison.
For most students, especially those in high school or college, we recommend a Windows or Mac OS laptop. Some of the more advanced classes may require the use of certain specialized software not available on Chromebooks.
Battery Life of the Laptop
It's important for students to have a comfortable and quiet place to study and attend virtual classes. That spot may or may not have an electrical outlet nearby.
When buying a laptop for a high school or college student, long battery life is an absolute must. When shopping for a laptop, take a close look at the battery life rating. Do not take those figures as gospel however. The good news is that due to improvements in technology, you can actually get some good deals on excellent laptops with great battery life.
As mentioned above, Chromebooks typically offer long battery life and are an excellent choice for younger students. For high school or college students who need more versatility, Apple MacBooks are known for their excellent battery endurance and many of the Windows OS laptops also have excellent battery life depending on the particular brand and model.
The battery life a laptop experiences will also depend on a number of factors, including the type of programs are running, type of files being accessed, battery/power settings on the laptop, and more. There are also certain ways to extend the battery life of a laptop while running it, such as turning down the brightness of the screen or turning off certain features not being utilized such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.
Weight and Portability
If you are buying a laptop for a homebound elementary or high school student, the weight of the laptop may not be much of a factor.
But if you are shopping for a college student who will be lugging the laptop from class to class, weight could be a deciding factor.
Keep in mind that a lighter laptop will probably also be a smaller laptop, with a tinier keyboard and screen. A lighter weight may also mean less battery life unless you are willing to spend more for the higher end laptops that are lightweight but also have great battery life.
Students will need to weigh the pros and cons carefully to strike the right balance between weight, size, features and battery life.
Storage Capacity
Online students will need to save their work, so storage capacity is definitely a factor when buying a new laptop. The new generation of laptops come with a variety of storage configurations, from tiny built-in hard drives augmented by generous cloud storage capacity to larger hard drives with a smaller capacity for online storage.
If you have a stable and fast internet connection, storing documents in the cloud could be the best choice. If your home or outside Wi-Fi or internet is spotty, having the ability to save documents locally will be critical, so look for a generously sized hard drive as you shop.
Durability of the Laptop
The portability that makes laptops so useful also leaves them vulnerable to unexpected drops and other damage. Students can be especially hard on the equipment they use, so durability is a must no matter what kind of laptop you plan to buy.
Many consumer organizations perform drop tests on popular laptops, so you can use the results of those tests as a guide. You can also read online reviews that mention durability or drops to get an idea of how much pressure various models will be able to withstand.
You can increase the protection of your new laptop with a sturdy case. Backpacks designed for use with laptops are perfect for students – just make sure the laptop compartment is secure and properly sized.
As online and virtual classes become more common and prevalent, having a great laptop will be more important than ever for a student. If you know where to look, you can find many cheap deals on laptops with excellent features. Now that you know what to look for, you can shop for the perfect laptop that your student can use for years to come.
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Today, 30 food and agriculture groups released the sixth annual Feeding the Economy report, a historic farm-to-fork economic analysis revealing how these sectors influence the local and broader United States economies. Two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, this year's study highlights how the industries remained resilient to provide Americans with jobs, economic opportunity and safe food.
This study sheds light for policymakers on how the food and agriculture sector not only feeds Americans, but also feeds the U.S. economy. The economic disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic has only served to further highlight the critical importance of the food and Ag industries.
The economic impact study released today shows that 17.77% of the nation's economy and 29.14% of American jobs are linked to the food and agriculture sectors, either directly or indirectly. Additionally, the analysis broke down the food and agriculture sectors' economic impact by state and congressional district. Here are the key findings for the State of Florida.
Total Jobs: 2,689,121
Total Wages: $121.7 billion
Total Taxes: $42.3 billion
Exports: $4.7 billion
Total Food and Industry Economic Impact: $360.0 billion
"The food and agriculture sectors' vital role in feeding Americans is well known, but less talked about is their incredible impact in growing the nation's economy," said Florida Farm Bureau President Jeb S. Smith. "The Feeding the Economy report allows us to quantify agriculture's role in supporting the U.S. economy and better understand how we can continue to promote those contributions."
To measure the total economic impact of the sectors, the analysis also includes the direct and indirect economic activity surrounding these industries, capturing both upstream and downstream activity. For example, when a farm equipment retailer hires new employees because farmers are buying more tractors, experts consider the new salaries an indirect impact. Similarly, when a retail associate spends her paycheck, an induced economic impact occurs. Together, these have a multiplier effect on the already formidable direct impact of food and agriculture.
The full analysis underscores the importance the food and agriculture industries have on jobs, wages, exports, and taxes in our nation. The data provided includes the indirect and induced economy activity surrounding these industries.
Sponsoring Organizations include: American Bakers Association, American Beverage Association, American Farm Bureau Federation, American Feed Industry Association, American Soybean Association, Association of Equipment Manufacturers, BIO, Corn Refiners Association, CropLife America, FMI – The Food Industry Association, Global Cold Chain Alliance, Institute of Shortening and Edible Oils, International Dairy Foods Association, International Fresh Produce Association, National Association of State Departments of Agriculture, National Automatic Merchandising Association (NAMA), National Corn Growers Association, National Grain and Feed Association, National Milk Producers Federation, National Oilseed Processors Association, National Pork Producers Council, National Restaurant Association, NCA – The National Confectioners Association, North American Meat Institute, Peanut and Tree Nut Processors Assn (PTNPA), SNAC International, The Fertilizer Institute, The Sugar Association Inc., U.S. Dairy Export Council, U.S. Grains Council


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This book presents theory and applications of Laplace and z-transforms together with a Mathematica package developed by the author, which includes algorithms for the numerical inversion of Laplace transforms. This allows the symbolic computation capability of Mathematica to be used in favor of the Laplace and z-transformations, making them more accessible to engineers and scientists.
The emphasis is on the computational and applied sides, particularly for control engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanics (heat conduction, diffusion, vibrations). Many worked-out examples from applied sciences and engineering illustrate the theory's applicability and how to use the package. Contents
Laplace Transformation | z-Transformation | Laplace Transforms with the Package | z-Transformation with the Package | Applications to Automatic Control | Laplace Transformation: Further Topics | z-Transformation: Further Topics | Examples from Electricity | Examples from Control Engineering | Heat Conduction and Vibration Problems | Further Techniques | Numerical Inversion of Laplace Transforms | Appendix: Package Commands Related Topics
Differential Equations, Engineering


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awarded an Order of the British Empire, OBE, by Queen Elizabeth II, June 2011.
AFRUCA works with Social Services and the police to put an end to child trafficking and exploitation. It is the foremost African Charity in the UK campaigning against child trafficking. AFRUCA works to sensitise the community both in the UK and in other countries in Europe and in Africa about the ills of child trafficking. The organisation also provides support for victims of trafficking and influence relevant government policies and regulatory action.
In the UK, the phenomenon of child trafficking was first noticed in 1995 by social workers in West Sussex Social Services. Young girls travelling unaccompanied on flights from West Africa landing at Gatwick Airport would claim asylum. Put in the care of Social Services, days or weeks later, they would disappear from care. Before long, a pattern began to emerge. Children, mainly Nigerian girls were being trafficked to Europe via the UK to become sex workers.
Social workers say a lot of the girls spoken to talked about owing their exploiters huge sums of money, which they have to pay back otherwise terrible things would happen to them or their families back home. Since that time, many more cases have come to the fore. These days, child trafficking has come to the attention of charities and government agencies across England and Wales. In response, the UK government has put in place a law to tackle the problem and criminalise the practice. Under the law, child traffickers – those who transport children so they can exploit them – can go to jail for up to 14 years for committing this crime.
Ariyo explained that the UK is the most multi-cultural country in Europe hence the reason child trafficking flourishes there. According to the 2001 census, there are over 587,000 Africans living in the UK with 78 per cent of these living in London. However, this figure is believed to be very unrepresentative of Africans. This is due to the fact that many Africans do not have legal status in the UK and so are afraid to present themselves to the authorities. Many Africans are also in the country as asylum seekers and so do not register to vote.
According to the census, Africans are the fastest growing ethnic minority group in the UK overtaking Afro Caribbean and other ethnic groups. In addition, the number of African children in the UK grew from about 96,667 in 1992 to about 145,667 in 2000. This is a phenomenal 50 per cent increase over the eight-year period. Over the past years, there has been a consistent growth in the number of separated African children arriving in the UK correlating with increasing population of Africans in the country.
Children and young people come in unaccompanied, or as unaccompanied asylum seeking young people or with others who are not their parents or immediate family members. It is widely believed that many young people have been transported into the UK to be exploited and abused in different ways. Recently released figures by the UK Human Trafficking Centre, UKHTC, show that between April 2010 and March 31, 2011, there were 1,481 referrals to the National Referral Mechanism. Nigeria leads the top 10 nations that traffic children. In 2008, over 200 Africans were referred to the centre by charities and other organisations as victims of human trafficking. Most of them including children were from Nigeria, which had reported 89 victims, Ghana with three victims, Sierra Leone with 13 victims, Zimbabwe with 16 victims, Eritrea with five victims, Uganda with 14 victims and lastly Sudan with just one reported victim.
In 2007, the Child Exploitation and Online Protection Centre, CEOP, reported that at least 330 children fit the child trafficking profile. There were 102 cases of West and East African girls between the ages of 12 and 17 recorded. The biggest source country identified in the data is Nigeria with 38 girls.
Ariyo says the term human trafficking and smuggling are often used interchangeably, but in fact, they mean different things. "Human smuggling is the process whereby people pay to be illegally transported into a country. Upon arrival, the smuggled 'customer' is free to do as they please. An example is when parents pay a smuggler to help them bring a child into the country. Once the child is delivered to the parents and money has changed hands, the relationship with the smuggler ends," she said.
But human trafficking on the other hand is different. "Human trafficking on the other hand is when the person who is taken into the country becomes a victim – because they have been forced to come into the country illegally. Not only that, there have been instances where parents have paid for their children to be smuggled into the country only for the children to end up being exploited and abused by the smuggler. In some instances, the children are never delivered to the parents, but end up stolen and used for other purposes. The parents never see their children again," she said.
As it is in Europe so it is back in Africa. Ariyo says at least one million African children are victims of trafficking and exploitation within Africa itself. According to the International Labour Organisation, ILO, there are 12.3 million people in forced labour, bonded labour, forced child labour and sexual servitude at any given time; other estimates range from four million to 27 million. Fifty-six per cent of all forced labour victims are women and girls.
Human trafficking is worth about $32 billion annually. This means that it is the third most profitable criminal activity in the world after drugs and arms trafficking. Human trafficking is a hidden trade due to the clandestine and criminal nature of the activity. This is why it is always difficult to give accurate figures of the number of victims. However, because of the number of persons involved and its scale of operations, experts have suggested that present day trafficking of Africans to the West is fast approaching the same level as the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
Child trafficking is also fuelled by certain cultural practices among Africans. Although caused by poverty, it is neither uncommon nor unusual for children to be engaged in different forms of hard and hazardous labour. On the streets of many African cities, children are exploited as hawkers, beggars and for other dangerous activities. In most African homes, from a very early age, girls are expected to be able to perform certain duties, including cooking, cleaning and baby-sitting as part of their socialisation process. In the extended African family system, parents have traditionally sent their children to live and work in other households – sometimes entrusting them to better-off relatives in the cities. Increasingly, however, many people have abused these traditional practices, exploiting the vulnerability of these children.
Corruption has also played a huge part in the trade of African children. Criminal gangs are able to procure documentation to transport victims out of their countries without being checked by local authorities. Also, some immigration officials in the UK are seen as complicit in fuelling the trade of children due to their inability to safeguard victims who present at the visa office or the port of entry.


Policy 2
Invest in public facilities to catalyze economic development and revitalization, stimulate employment growth, and strengthen neighborhoods.
 - PF2.1 - Utilize public facilities, such as urban parks and libraries, as development anchors.
 - PF2.2 - Consider the acquisition and reuse of existing vacant or underutilized malls and shopping centers for public facilities, such as police substations, libraries, community centers, and schools.
 - PF2.3 - Develop partnerships between high schools; institutions of higher learning, such as Prince George's Community College; local businesses; and government agencies to provide training and ongoing support to prospective entrepreneurs and existing businesses, and attract new businesses to the Regional Transit Districts and Local Centers.


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Baha'i shrines chosen as World Heritage sites8 July 2008
QUEBEC CITY — A United Nations committee meeting here has determined that two Baha'i shrines in Israel possess "outstanding universal value" and should be considered as part of the cultural heritage of humanity.
The decision today by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee means that the two most sacred sites for Baha'is - the resting places of the founders of their religion - join a list of internationally recognized sites like the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids, the Taj Mahal, and Stonehenge.
The World Heritage List also includes places of global religious significance like the Vatican, the Old City of Jerusalem, and the remains of the recently destroyed Bamiyan Buddhist statues in Afghanistan.
The Baha'i shrines are the first sites connected with a religious tradition born in modern times to be added to the list, which is maintained by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
The two shrines, one near the recognized heritage site of Old Acre on Israel's northern coast and the other on Mount Carmel in Haifa, are the resting places of Baha'u'llah and the Bab, the founders of the Baha'i Faith.
Baha'is believe that both Baha'u'llah and the Bab were messengers of God; their resting places are sites of pilgrimage for a religious community of some five million believers. The shrine of Baha'u'llah is the focal point of prayer for Baha'is all over the world, giving it an importance comparable to the Western Wall in Jerusalem for Jews and the Kaaba in Mecca for Muslims.
Born in Iran, Baha'u'llah was banished to Acre in what was then the Ottoman Empire, where he died in 1892. The Bab was executed in Iran in 1850, and His remains were later moved to Haifa for burial.
The two shrines are noteworthy for the formal gardens that surround them, blending design elements from many cultures. In addition to Baha'i pilgrims, they attract hundreds of thousands of visitors and tourists every year.
"We welcome the UNESCO recognition, which highlights the importance of the holy places of a religion that in 150 years has gone from a small group found only in the Middle East to a worldwide community with followers in virtually every country," said Albert Lincoln, secretary-general of the Baha'i International Community.
"The Baha'i community is particularly grateful to the government of Israel for putting forward this nomination," he said.
The World Heritage List was established by UNESCO in 1972 to identify, protect, and preserve places of "cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value." So far, 184 nations have signed the World Heritage Convention, which defines the general standards of selection for the list, and more than 850 sites have been recognized, including natural areas, such as East Africa's Serengeti and Australia's Great Barrier Reef.
The World Heritage Committee is composed of 21 states that are signatories of the World Heritage Convention. It meets annually in the home country of its chairperson. This year's chair is Dr. Christina Cameron of Canada, and the gathering in Quebec, which is itself a world heritage site, corresponds with that city's 400th anniversary celebrations.


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Gradient and Ethical AI to take on biased AI algorithms
29 Sep 2020
The non-profit Gradient Institute and consultancy Ethical AI Advisory have signed an alliance to collaborate on the development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that is both ethical and trustworthy.
AI is the fastest growing technology sector in the world with more than US$35 billion invested in 2019, an 18% increase over 2018, according to analyst group IDC.
About 40% of organisations are predicted to use AI by the end of this year.
In a joint statement, the companies liken the impact of AI to the introduction of electricity on business and society – AI will increase efficiency, improve analytics and decision-making, and automate many tasks for which humans were once required. Essentially, AI will make things better, faster and cheaper, for better or worse.
Despite the rapid pace of growth of the AI sector, there are few laws, regulations, practical guidelines or software tools to assist companies developing or deploying AI.
Some recent high profile examples of AI gone wrong include credit limit discrimination against women and racially biased medical algorithms.
The common misconception that algorithms are neutral has been disproved repeatedly in recent history, as unconscious biases and inequitable practices have permeated them.
Both Gradient and Ethical AI Advisory contributed to the Federal Government's development of Australia's AI Ethics Framework released by the Minister for Industry, Science and Technology, Karen Andrews, in November 2019, and the Human Rights Commission's AI Discussion Paper launched in December 2019.
Gradient provides deep expertise in AI systems consulting focused on evaluation, design, implementation and measurement of AI systems to check them against ethical goals.
In addition, it is focused on research and collaboration to advance the science of ethical AI, and provides training and education to professionals responsible for the technical, managerial, policy and decision-making aspects of AI-based decision systems.
Ethical AI Advisory provides training and education in AI and ethics for boards, executives and leaders in organisations interested in developing a strong governance and leadership capability in ethical AI, plus the design and development of ethical AI frameworks and toolkits as well as keynote speaking and coaching in the field.
"We are very pleased to be partnering with Gradient. Bill Simpson-Young, Tiberio Caetano and the team at Gradient Institute are the best in their fields, highly knowledgeable and capable in research, training and operationalising ethical AI. We are experts in executive education, organisational design and implementation of ethical AI principles – so the two organisations coming together provides the ideal end to end service," says Ethical AI Advisory founder and CEO Dr Catriona Wallace,
These combined services are ideal for organisations who recognise that AI will be an important part of their company's infrastructure, but also want to ensure that it is built to maintain the trust of its clients and customers while reducing risk and unintended harm.
Both organisations believe that Australia has a great opportunity to position itself as a global leader in ethical AI, giving Australian companies a competitive advantage while also doing the right thing by customers and society at large.
"We are thrilled to be partnering with Dr Catriona Wallace and the Ethical AI Advisory team. Catriona has been a vocal advocate of the ethical development and use of AI for a long time, and we have always considered her a key member of Australia's ethical AI ecosystem. We think that Gradient's expertise in the technical aspects of ethical AI and Ethical AI Advisory's expertise in governance and organisational design for AI are highly complementary. We are looking forward to together helping establish Australia's global leadership in the ethical development and use of AI," says Gradient CEO Bill Simpson-Young.


5 FACTS About Former SOs That Should Help Shape Corrections Fixes
The need to fix Nebraska's broken corrections systems could not be more clear. This report is but the latest piece of information that thoughtful public policy makers should take into account.
Because former sex offenders are part of the equation, these facts borne out by research also need to be considered:
1. Research on Nebraska registrants shows that they are a much lower risk for reoffense than popularly thought. It is not true that Nebraska's LB 285 of 2009 reduced offending. Even so, year-to-year reoffense rates for former sex offenders in Nebraska are at about 1 percent or less.
2. Qualitative research that is still under way is showing that neither corrections nor law enforcement are making a positive difference with former sex offenders in Nebraska.
3. Nebraska's current LB 285 tiering system for registrants IS NOT based on risk for reoffense. It is based on a system of categorizing an offender's conviction — a system devised by politicians, some of whom later were themselves discovered to be sexual offenders. This system, put in place by LB 285 of 2009, resulted in some offenders who had been found to be low-risk under the old system being reclassified as tier III — lifetime — registrants under Nebraska's current system. Most states have rejected the type of tiering used in Nebraska because it does not take risk into account.
4. Nebraska's LB 285 of 2009 creates a complicated web of new technical law violations (residency and travel requirements included) that can result in an offender being sent to prison as the result of a clerical error in a sheriff's office. This is a needless "feeder system" that is bloating the Nebraska corrections system with people who are not dangerous.
5. Any talk of privatizing corrections should be avoided. When corrections becomes a for-profit industry, it creates a demand for inmates. If corrections is a for-profit industry, there is no compelling incentive to reduce crime because that would hurt business. The demand has to be fed by the creation of laws like LB 285 of 2009. (Simillarly, ankle bracelets have become widely used not because they are good law enforcement tools. They are used because the ankle-bracelet industry makes a lot of money and very effectively markets the technology to law enforcement).
Published by nufearless
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increases fines by up to 1000%
increases fines by up to 1000%
The government referred to the National Assembly the draft law amending some provisions of Decree-Law No. 67 of 1976 regarding traffic, which included toughening traffic penalties, as the fine for exceeding the speed limit under it reached 500 dinars, and not less than 200 dinars, and some violations raised up to 1000 percent Among the most prominent fines contained in the project, and which became under the custody of the Parliamentary Interior and Defense Committee, are the following: - 500 dinars to bypass the red light, use of the phone, recklessness and speed.
And 200 dinars for children in the front seats, shading, loud noises, and smoke emissions. And 200 dinars to put stickers and drive without insurance for the vehicle and not adhere to the landlines.
And 150 dinars to walk and park on the sidewalks and not to fasten seat belts.
And 75 dinars for parking trucks and vehicles selling goods in residential areas and public facilities.
And 75 dinars for deliberately disrupting or blocking traffic.
Article (33 bis) states that, without prejudice to the measures prescribed in this law or to any more severe punishment in any other law, a penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months and a fine not exceeding five hundred dinars, and no less than two hundred dinars or either of these two penalties shall be imposed each. Whoever commits one of the following acts:
1 - Bypassing the red traffic light.
2 - Driving a vehicle with recklessness or negligence, exposing the driver or others to danger to their lives or property.
3 - violates the provisions of Article 28 of this law.
4 - Conducts a race for motor vehicles on the road without a permit or in violation of a permit, or conducts a gathering of motorized vehicles to use them recklessly or negligently or use them in a way that exposes the driver or others to danger to their lives or property.
5 - Exceeding the speed limit.
6 - He drove vehicles (buggies) in places other than those designated for them.
7 - He drove a vehicle against the direction of traffic on highways and circles.
8 - Use of handheld communication devices while driving.
9 - Driving an unlicensed motor vehicle without its metal plates or with its plates disbursed from the General Traffic Department, with changing some or all of the numbers or with non-disbursed plates from the General Traffic Department on which the original plate numbers are written or with different numbers written on them.
10 - Using the private car to transport passengers for hire without a permit.


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This seminar will explore the challenges of providing classical and Christian education in the urban context. I have often used the following analogy: doing classical education in a suburban context is to doing classical education in an urban context as a general practice physician's work is to a trauma surgeon's work. The needs of students in an urban context are often much more intensive than the needs of a student who is in a suburban context. In the urban context, the basics of food, clothing, and adequate shelter must be considered along with grammar, logic, and rhetoric. Urban students often qualify as "at-risk" students and come to school far less prepared for academic work than their suburban counterparts. The urban context demands a different approach to classical education. What does classical education look like in the urban school? This session will look at the kinds of solutions that urban schools have devised to deal with the problems that confront them as they aspire to teach urban students classically. This seminar is also designed to encourage discussion and a sharing of ideas and best practices from teachers and administrators involved in urban education.
Peter Vande Brake attended Calvin College in Grand Rapids, MI, where he was an All-American decathlete and Philosophy major. He a ended seminary at Union Theological Seminary in Richmond, VA, and then did his doctoral work at Calvin Theological Seminary in Grand Rapids. He taught, coached, and was Headmaster at North Hills Classical Academy from 1996–2010. He is a leadership consultant for the CiRCE Institute and the high school principal and track coach at The Potter's House School in Grand Rapids, an urban Christ-centered school. He is married and has two daughters.


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Margarita the giraffe just gave birth to a female calf at the Nashville Zoo on Sunday, June 10. Just four days old, the baby giraffe already stands 6 feet, 2 inches tall (1.9 meters) and weighs about 160 pounds (73 kilograms).
Mother and calf are doing well and are currently off exhibit, the zoo said. Zoo officials plan to carefully monitor the baby's development and will make a decision on her public debut in the coming weeks.
[Full Story: Baby Giraffe Born at Nashville Zoo]
Kilauea continues to earn its reputation as one of Earth's most active volcanoes.
Since January 1983, Kilauea has erupted continuously, coating much of the southeast coast of Hawaii's Big Island in fresh lava, which glows red in this satellite image.
The center of the eruption is Pu'u O'o a crater southeast of Kilauea's summit. From here, the molten rock flows through lava tubes down Kilauea's steep slopes. The lava emerges on the pali (a Hawaiian word for cliff) and on the coastal plain, further down the mountainside.
[Full Story: Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano Spews Lava, As Seen From Space]
Despite being explored for more than a century, Carlsbad Caverns National Park still hides more passages.
A team exploring the park's Lechuguilla Cave, the deepest cave in the continental United States, climbed over 410 feet (125 meters) into a high dome in early May. Upon reaching the top, lead climber James Hunter discovered a maze of previously unknown passages, pits and large rooms. The team named it Oz.
[Full Story: New Secret Passage Discovered in Carlsbad Caverns]
The Smithsonian National Zoo is celebrating the birth of two endangered fishing cats, marking the first time the endangered species has been successfully bred there, the zoo said.
The two kittens were born on May 18 to 7-year-old mother Electra. Zookeepers expect the kittens to become valuable breeders in the future because their genes are not well-represented in the captive population of fishing cats.
[Full Story: Birth of Endangered Kittens Gives Hope to Rare Species]
A tornado swept across Italy's historic island city of Venice at around 11 a.m. local time yesterday (June 12), leaving a trail of twisted debris and a shaken populace in its wake.
Videos and images posted on YouTube and splashed across the websites of local media outlets showed a large and menacing twister looming above picturesque tiled roofs and the historic seascapes for which the city is famed.
[Full Story: Videos Show Rare Tornado Striking Venice]
NASA's Aqua satellite captured this picture of smoke from Colorado's High Park fire on June 10, 2012. Notice how actively burning fire, shown by the red lines, has grown from the day prior.
[Full Story: Images: Southwestern Wildfires Seen From Space]
The Juruá River snakes slowly through the half-flooded Amazon rainforest in western Brazil, leaving free-standing oxbow lakes in its wake, which form when a river changes course as it meanders through a floodplain.
The Juruá is the most winding river in the Amazon basin and one of the Amazon River's longest tributaries, exceeding 2,040 miles (3,283 kilometers) in length. Tropical rainforests have some of the largest rivers in the world because of the tremendous amount of precipitation their watersheds receive.
[Full Story: Earth from Space: River Snakes Through Amazon Rainforest]
The elusive and endangered dhole, or Asiatic wild dog, has been found roaming the forests of four nature reserves in Thailand. Working with photographs snapped by camera traps set up in 15 Thai parks, researchers have created the first map showing where dholes in this region likely live and what areas are suitable habitats for them.
The wild dogs favor areas deep within parks, far from humans. Enhanced protective programs near forest edges could help preserve dholes, which are more likely to be shot or poisoned when they come too close to civilization.
[Full Story: Elusive Wild Dog Species Spotted in Thailand]


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Bread and Baguette
Bread is essential in the French food and gastronomy traditions. The most famous French bread is obviously the 'Baguette', considered to be the obvious and perfect ally of a French cheese like a camembert.
A baguette is a long and crispy loaf of bread. The bread can be up to one meter in length and generally weighs around 250 grams. Other names of the famous baguette in English are 'French bread' or 'French stick'.
The baguette bread in fact resembles its "cousin", the Vienna bread, being a kind of brioche bread baguette. Many variations of the baguette do exist in France, like the epi baguette, with a shape representing a sheaf of wheat.
The famous Epi Baguette.
Baguettes are a type of bread being closely connected to France and especially to Paris. Loaves of bread in France are not all baguettes as you will see in any French boulangerie shop. A short bread can be a bâtard, a short slim bread is a flûte whilst an even thinner one is a ficelle (a "thread").
Baguettes are ideal for sandwiches. Eaten with paté or cheese, they are outstandingly tasteful. The continental breakfast thus makes use of slices of baguette that French people like to spread with jam and butter and then drunk in a bowl of coffee or hot chocolate.
A classic Baguette bread.
Other French baguettes variations consist in bread being made with different ingredients like rye, sesame, hemp and poppy seeds. Some more modern ones include dry or candied fruit like raisins, nuts, oranges, pineapples or even figs.
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Kinect-based movie making patent application filed
A number of third parties have come up with many different ways to use Microsoft's Kinect motion gesture hardware and software for non-gaming applications. That includes its use in surgery and even making a virtual sandbox.
Now it's been discovered that Microsoft has filed a patent application with the US Patent and Trademark Office that shows a proposal of how to use a system like Kinect as the basis for a movie creation tool. The application states:
Movies can be directed, captured, and edited using a system that includes a depth camera. A virtual movie set can be created by using ordinary objects in the living room as virtual props. The system is able to capture motions of actors using the depth camera and to generate a movie based thereon.
The application adds that such a movie creation system could, for example, use an ordinary living room as the basis for a virtual set that takes place on a beach or even a space ship. A person might hold an object in the room that serves as a virtual camera. Microsoft said this device does not actually need to capture any video footage, but instead would be used to show how the scene looks in the virtual world.
In other words, this system could really generate something akin to a holodeck, which can then be captured and edited into a movie. There's no word yet if Microsoft is actually creating a real world product that matches its patent proposal.
Via: Engadget
Source: US Patent and Trademark Office | Image via Microsoft
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What Is a Bushel of Corn?
A bushel is a unit of weight used when buying and selling crops such as corn. A bushel of shelled corn weighs 56 pounds, but a bushel of corn still on the ear weighs 70 pounds.
The weight of a bushel varies among fruits, vegetables and grains. For instance, while a bushel of spinach weighs 20 pounds, a bushel of tomatoes is 53 pounds. A bushel of unshelled lima beans is 30 pounds, but cowpeas run 60 pounds per bushel. Cotton weighs in at 32 pounds a bushel, while flax is 60 pounds. Although a bushel of oats weighs 32 pounds, a bushel of either wheat or soybeans is 60 pounds.


Spatial + Temporal Scope [MGD Sections]
REDD+ Activities [MGD Sections]
Forest Definition [MGD Sections]
Carbon Pools [MGD Sections]
5.2 Emissions/removals factors Previous topic Parent topic Child topic Next topic
This section is mainly about emissions and removals factors used in REDD+ estimation. In some cases modelling is involved, to establish allometrics, or more complex Tier 3 models. The section also refers to the model parameters relevant in these cases which are used for emissions and removals estimation but are not part of the activity data estimation. These parameters can be regarded as emission or removals factors in a general sense, although the equations in which they are used may be more complicated than a simple activity data x emission factor product.


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What is a Tree Protection Zone
The Tree Protection Zone (TPZ) is the means by which we protect trees on development sites and should protect both roots and crown spread simultaneously. The TPZ should be considered as sacrosanct, that is it should be isolated from any construction disturbance unless previously agreed with the Project Arborist. The dimensions of the TPZ are determined from the Diameter of the Tree at Breast Height (DBH)
What is the Structural Root Zone
The Structural Root Zone (SRZ) is an area considered essential for tree stability: loss of roots in this area are likely to cause the tree to become unstable in the ground. The SRZ should only be calculated if major disturbance of the TPZ is being considered. The dimensions of the SRZ are determined from the Diameter of the Tree taken above the root flare.


NMI thread
From Nesdev wiki
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Sprite 0 hit is used to split the screen.
There are three main ways that a game loop on the NES can be organized:
Main only
Game logic and output in the main loop, and only incrementing a flag in the NMI handler to let the main loop know that. The drawback is that it's very easy for music to slow down or for raster splits to fail if the game is using too much CPU time.
NMI only
Game logic and output with the NMI handler in an infinite JMP loop. always in this order: PPU, APU, read controls, game logic. For example, Super Mario Bros. uses this.
NMI and main
Game logic in the main loop, PPU and APU output in the NMI handler.
Waiting for vertical blank by waiting for the NMI handler to increment a flag is the simplest thing that could possibly work. And it does work for games without a status bar or for games whose upper limit on CPU use is easy to predict. It may also work for games whose mapper has a scanline counter that triggers an IRQ.
But once your game world becomes more complex, the simple method may cause problems. For example, consider a video game that has a status bar and several critters running around. It may occasionally take longer than one screen to process AI, physics, and display updates once enough critters with complex movement patterns are spawned, such as multiple Hammer Brothers in Super Mario Bros. or all the ducks turtles in the middle of World 3-7 of Super Mario Bros. 3. This will cause your game to slow down when an NMI occurs while your game is doing something else. And if your scanline counter is based on sprite 0 hit and not an IRQ, it will cause visual glitches as the status bar flickers.
So sometimes, it's useful to do more than the bare minimum in your NMI handler. To make a top status bar rock-solid in the face of excessive game logic, you can move VRAM uploads and sprite 0 handling into the NMI handler. The main program prepares VRAM updates in main RAM, and once the VRAM update request is ready, it turns on a flag VRAM_update_ready to let the NMI handler know. This is similar to multithreaded programming, but because the NMI handler itself is never interrupted, the locking can be much simpler than it is in multithreaded programming on a PC.
The NMI thread has these steps:
 1. Let the main program know that NMI has occurred, as in the simple method.
 2. Push all registers.
 3. If VRAM_update_ready is false, go to step 5.
 4. Copy data from the VRAM update request areas in RAM into VRAM and OAM.
 5. Set VRAM_update_ready to false.
 6. Set the scroll position using PPUCTRL and PPUSCROLL.
 7. (Optional) Run the music code.
 8. (Optional) Wait for sprite 0 hit and change the VRAM address.
 9. Pull all registers and return.
Make sure to do anything related to VRAM and OAM before other things like music. Vertical blanking time is valuable, and you should make the most of it.
Even though the NES CPU has only one NMI vector, ordinarily within ROM, it's possible to switch among multiple NMI handlers using a small amount of self-modifying code.
RTI_opcode = $40
JMP_opcode = $4C
.segment "BSS"
nmi_trampoline:.res 3
.segment "CODE"
; other code
 ldx _TAG_
 jsr change_nmi_handler
; other code
; Sets the NMI handler to the ISR whose code begins at YYXX.
; If an NMI occurs during this process, it will be ignored (RTI).
 lda _TAG_
 sta nmi_trampoline
 stx nmi_trampoline+1
 sty nmi_trampoline+2
 lda _TAG_
 sta nmi_trampoline
.segment "VECTORS"
 .addr nmi_trampoline, reset_handler, irq_trampoline
See Also


And how affordable was the penny post?
The answer is, of course, it depends.
Clearly it was very affordable for the middle classes but possibly less so for the poorer elements of society. Most writers suggest that it was the equivalent of something between fifty cents and a dollar, in fact around what it would cost to post a letter today.
But consider Emile L'Angelier, Madeleine Smith's lover.
In the mid 1850's in Glasgow he was earning around sixty pounds a year as a seedsman's clerk. To keep things simple let's say that he earns sixty pounds a year or five pounds a month, giving him around one pound three shillings a week, which, remembering my predecimal maths would be 276 pennies.
Now, someone working in a similar job today could arguably be getting $60,000 a year (possibly a bit more) which comes out at around $1115 a week.
If we say that a letter costs 1/276th of a weekly income to post, we come to something a little over four dollars.
Now one crucial difference is that Emile didn't pay tax or a medicare levy. Assuming a marginal rate of 30%, our imaginary seedsman's clerk would be paying $334 a week in tax, giving him a disposable income of $780 a week.
Using the 1/276th test, that has a letter costing $2.82 to post, not counting the cost of the paper or the envelope, which, in the 1850's was not insubstantial given that the only paper commonly available was rag paper (Cheap wood pulp paper didn't arrive until the 1860's).
In other words, writing and posting letters was a substantial cost. We see a hint of this in some of Madeleine's letters which are cross written ie the letter is written first top down and then continues at 90 degrees to the original text, like in this other nineteenth century letter
cross wriiten letter
as a way of saving paper, even though as a wealthy young woman Madeleine could well afford to write several letters a week …
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How frequently can male dogs breed?
How many times can a male dog mate in a day?
One acceptable and recommended thing for male dogs is that they mate with female dogs at most twice a day. But, for the male dogs, if you give them a chance to do this more than twice, they won't hesitate. There are no rules on how frequently in a day male dogs should mate; some males can go up to ten times or more.
How many times should I breed my male dog?
IT IS INTERESTING: How long does it take to treat lungworm in dogs?
How often can a dog produce sperm?
A normal male dog can ejaculate every two to five days and maintain their daily sperm output. However, frequent ejaculation influences the quantity and quality of the dog's semen. To ensure good quality sperm, semen should be collected no more than every other day on a regular basis.
How many times can you breed a dog in a year?
It's possible for a female dog to have a maximum of three litters a year. Female dogs can go into heat around the age of six to 12 months and do not go into menopause. Assuming a dog lives to the average age of 11, a dog could have up to 30 litters.
Do male dogs get too old to breed?
How do you know if a dog mating is successful?
At what age is a male dog fertile?
IT IS INTERESTING: Best answer: Why do older dogs start peeing inside?
Will breeding my male dog change his personality?
Why dogs get stuck during breeding?
How long does it take for a male dog to regenerate sperm?
How much is dog sperm worth?
But to up the chances, some enthusiasts are buying show-dog quality sperm. And it isn't cheap. According to Bloomberg, one vial costs about $2,000, which is less than the cost of purchasing a show-quality dog (starting at around $2,500) and shipping to your home.
What foods produce sperm fast?
 - Eggs. …
 - Spinach. …
 - Bananas. …
 - Maca Roots. …
 - Asparagus. …
 - Dark Chocolate. …
 - Walnuts.
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What is the best age for a dog to breed?
How long should dogs wait between litters?
Additionally, your female can't get a title if she had a litter in the past 6 months to 1 year. So, the answer to this question is that the safe frequency of breeding a female dog is only every 18 months to 2 years.
Is the first litter of puppies the best?
Dog Blog


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Robert Larson is an artist who literally creates treasures from trash. His colorful, graphic collages "explore most singularly the power of transformation—physically and perceptually." Each collage is a meticulous creation using discarded, post-consumer items that Larson himself finds. "It is after these items have been discarded that an exciting transformation begins. Their once identical and uniform surfaces begin to fade and abrade with exposure to the elements—turning them from homogeneity into infinite variety."
You can imagine that these elaborate pieces are pretty time-intensive. After Larson's self described "obsessive scavenging and appropriating" during long walks through urban and industrial neighborhoods, a methodical processing system ensues. Each find is sorted, processed, graded and dissected by graphic and tonal visual information. Following that, items are re-organized into groups of gridded composition. Some pieces take years to finish.


Every Adjective in the Dictionary Applies to Lyndon Johnson
July 24, 2020
In this episode of Horns of a Dilemma, Doyle Hodges, executive editor of the Texas National Security Review, sits down with Mark Lawrence, director of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library, to discuss the inner workings of the presidential library system and the purposes they serve. Who runs them and who funds them? What mission do they serve? Does every President get one? Lawrence and Hodges also examine the complicated history and contradictory characteristics of President Johnson himself.


The Ramayan in Human Physiology Course for Governors
In this 16-lesson course, Maharaja Adhiraj Rajaraam describes in depth his discovery, made under Maharishi's guidance, that the eternal epic of Vedic Literature, the Ramayan, is a description of total Natural Law expressing itself in human physiology.
Maharaja goes deeply into the correlations between the characters and events of the Ramayan and the structures and functions of human physiology. By studying these correlations, we understand that the characters and events of the Ramayan are unfolding the story of Natural Law as it expresses itself in creation and in the human physiology.
Please choose one: *
We will try to respond with the link and password to this course within 24 hours.
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text: The surname of BORDNER was an occupational name 'a cottager, a tenant in bondage'. The name was derived from the Old French BORDURE, and was brought into England in the wake of the Norman Invasion of 1066. Early records of the name mention George Bordner and Margaret Milford, who were married at St. Thomas the Apostle, London in 1588. Samuel Bordman of County Lancashire, registered at Oxford University in 1619. William Ivatt and Anne Boardman were married at St. James's, Clerkenwell, London in the year 1622. Thomas Boardman and Elizabeth Ball at St. George's, Hanover Square, London in 1755. The small villages of Europe, or royal and noble households, even large religious dwellings and monasteries, gave rise to many family names, which reflected the occupation or profession of the original bearer of the name. The acquisition of surnames in Europe during the past eight hundred years has been affected by many factors, including social class and social structure, naming practices in neighbouring cultures, and indigenous cultural tradition. On the whole, the richer and more powerful classes tended to acquire surnames earlier than the working classes and the poor, while surnames were quicker to catch on in urban areas than in more sparsely populated rural areas. These facts suggest that the origin of surnames is associated with the emergence of bureaucracies. As long as land tenure, military service, and fealty were matters of direct relationship between a lord and his vassals, the need did not arise for fixed distinguishing epithets to mark out one carl from another. But as societies became more complex, and as such matters as the management of tenure and in particular the collection of taxes were delegated to special functionaries, it became imperative to have a more complex system of nomenclature to distinguish one individual from another reliably and unambiguously. At first the coat of arms was a practical matter which served a function on the battlefield and in tournaments. With his helmet covering his face, and armour encasing the knight from head to foot, the only means of identification for his followers, was the insignia painted on his shield, and embroidered on his surcoat, the draped and flowing garment worn over the armour. The associated arms are recorded in Sir Bernards Burkes General Armory. Ulster King of Arms in 1884.


Galilean lens vs Prismatic lens. Which one to buy?
dental loupes
In the field of dentistry, dentists and clinicians have to work on a small dark hole of a tooth or even smaller object which requires precision and steadiness of hands. With the advancement of technology, now dentists are equipped with dental loupes that reduces the eyestrain and enables efficiency in the work.
Dental Loupes assures clinically improved results. A dentist can easily diagnose small tooth fractures; detect a cavity or an open margin of the crown. Besides, wearing loupes for magnification helps to improve precision in the treatment and increases the chances of positive outcomes.
Furthermore, dental loupes also improve ergonomics, deterring dentists from bending towards the patient, which causes back pain, neck pain and eye strain.
A dental loupe comes with two different lenses, i.e. Galilean lens and Prismatic lens. In the following blog, we will discuss some of the critical differences between the two lenses to help you make a better purchase.
What are Galilean Loupes?
Surgical Loupes in Galilean style consist of two lenses – convex objective lens and concave eyepiece lens. Both the lenses in a pair of loupes work efficiently to deliver higher magnification and clear image than compared to single-lens loupes. Besides, Galilean loupes offer a superior depth of field and wider width of field. Galilean loupes come in a different range of magnification. It is ideal for people associated with dentistry, ophthalmology and for surgeons due to its affordability and lightweight design.
What are Prismatic Loupes?
Prismatic Loupes are also known as Keplerian loupes. It provides edge to edge clarity and higher magnification. They consist of two or more positive convex lenses. Prismatic loupes are laser aligned and treated with anti-reflective coating to produce superior vision.
What are the key differences between Galilean and Prismatic Loupes?
best dental loupes
 - Magnification
Galilean Loupes – They consist of two lens telescopes. They provide lower magnification with reduced field-of-view compared to Prismatic loupes.
Galilean loupes usually feature lower magnification (2x-3x). Additionally, the 3x Galilean Loupe offers an 8-degree field of view, and 3x wide loupe offers an 11-degree field of view.
Prismatic LoupesThese types of loupes have a more complex design and includes a prism between the lenses, which reflects and magnifies without reducing field of view.
Prismatic loupe features higher magnification (3.5x-6x). Additionally, the simple 3x loupe offers a 14-15 degree field of view.
 - Lens Power
Galilean LoupesThese loupes feature two lenses -one is higher power objectives lenses grouped with positive power, and the eyepiece grouped with negative power. The combination of positive and negative power of lenses in the loupe allows it to produce a clear image compared to magnifying glasses.
Prismatic Loupes – These loupes feature objective lenses and eyepiece lenses, all of which are positive in power. A prism between the lenses enables high optics, fields the light, thereby increasing magnification without significantly increasing the size of the lens barrel and expansion of the loupe length.
 - Usage
Galilean Loupes – For first time users, Galilean lenses are the best option. There are two reasons for thatGalilean lenses have lower magnification than prismatic lenses which helps the first time user to adapt his/her brain with the loupe vision. Secondly, the Galilean lenses are comfortable to wear in terms of field of view and line of sight. With fewer adjustments, Galilean loupes can effectively be used for magnification.
 Prism Loupes - To optimise the use of modern prism loupes, you must have a line of sight directly through the centre of ocular
 - Adjustment
Galilean Loupes - These types of Loupes allow two simple adjustments – Individual adjustment of interpupillary distance and the angle view.
Prismatic Loupes – These loupes allow customisable setting which promotes right posture without affecting viewing angle.
 - Design
Galilean Loupes – Generally, the Galilean loupes are light in weight and compact in size due to their simple design. They provide a bright picture but offer a narrow field of view, reducing the clarity from the edges.
Prismatic Loupes – They are long, heavier as they use complex design and incorporate prism between the lenses, which otherwise produces an inverted image.
Prismatic lenses offer a larger field of view, double than the Galilean lens. But due to more optical components, they offer less bright images.
Dental Loupes are built to ease the job of the dentists by providing enhanced magnification. Both Galilean and Prismatic do the same work. The only major difference is in the level of magnification. So, one should choose the loupe depending on the nature of their job and required magnification. However, for the first time user, Galilean loupes are recommended.
Schultz offers best dental loupes both in Galilean and Prismatic lenses which are made using high optic lenses that only provide high-grade vision but are comfortable to wear all day. We offer a wide range of trendy and stylish loupes at attractive rates.
Check out our latest collection!
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WHEREAS families with a full-time parent at home suffer inequities in Canada from our income tax laws;
AND WHEREAS the decision to be a full-time mother is a legitimate career choice;
BE IT RESOLVED that REAL Women of Canada approach the federal government with the following recommendations for change in the Income Tax Act:
(1) that the present $4,000 deduction per child currently allowed to working parents for child care expenses be dropped, and that all families with children receive the same amount in child tax credits, to enable families to choose the type of care they find best for their children; and
(2) that the present system of allowing double-income couples to receive twice the RRSP deductions allowed to two-parent, single-income families be discontinued, and that two-parent, single-income families receive the same deductions as those with both parents in paid employment; and
(3) that married couples be allowed the choice of separate spousal tax returns or a joint spousal tax return with a lower tax rate for single income families who now pay more tax than two income families.


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The thematic field is dedicated to the conception, development and prototypical implementation of IT-based, everyday assisting applications for home and mobile use.
In the context of demographic change, ifak researches and develops concepts and IT-based solutions for maintaining independence at home into old age.
The ifak develops intelligent assistance systems to support people with impaired mobility in order to maintain their independence even outside of their home into old age.
The thematic field focuses on the design of systems for a secure and intuitive knowledge management of diverse personal, vital and operational data. In order to ensure a consistent exchange of data between all actors involved, the interoperability and standardization of applications, data models and data structures are considered. The activities focus on ease of use, data security and data protection.


Upcoming seminar
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Anne Kathrine Frandsen
Anne Kathrine Frandsen, architect, Ph.D. and researcher at the Danish Building Research Institute, Department of Construction and Health, Aalborg University, Denmark
Anne Kathrine Frandsen is a researcher studying the therapeutic potential of architecture. She is one of the main authors of the report 'Healing Architecture', a comprehensive scientific literature review of the impact of the physical surroundings on patients' healing, including the architectural significance for reducing stress and optimizing comfort for patients, their families and staff.
Participated in the following seminars