(23) Anaktoron
by Anandi Salinas
6 years ago
Orthostate Structure
First half of the 4th century B.C.
Andesite fieldstone and tufa
Central Sanctuary
ca. 30.5 m x ca. 12 m
Early 3rd century B.C.
Andesite fieldstone
Central Sanctuary
ca. 31 m long
Early Imperial Period, early 1st century A.D.
Limestone, sandstone, stucco
Central Sanctuary
ca. 27 m x ca. 11.58 m
Three large, rectangular structures successively occupied the same general region at the northern end of the Central Sanctuary: the Orthostate Structure, the Proto-Anaktoron, and the Anaktoron. All three buildings are comparable in size and shape, and therefore likely served a similar purpose. The foundations of the earliest of these buildings, the Orthostate Structure, stretch from the southernmost part of the Anaktoron beneath the Rotunda of Arsinoe, breaking off south of the latter's foundations. The structure is oriented north-south. Two cross walls divide the space into a large, square central section (10 m x 12 m) and two small sections (10 m x.75 m each), one on the north end and one on the south end. The cross walls, which survive only in the lowest courses, are composed of tufa ashlars arranged as orthostates forming each face of the wall, bound by headers at regular intervals and capped by a string course. Only the groundplan of the structure is clear. It cannot be determined whether the divisions created walled rooms, nor can it be determined whether the structure was a roofed building or an open precinct. Along the eastern side of the structure is a low terrace formed by of boulder retaining wall. It could be earlier than the main structure and most likely functioned as a viewing area for those who attended the ceremonies. In the southern section of the Orthostate Structure, excavators discovered the remains of a sacrificial pit.
Anaktoron for web
To the north of the Orthostate Structure, but not as well preserved, lies the building called the Proto-Anaktoron. It too was a large, rectangular structure, approximately 31 m long. The eastern foundation of this structure is so eroded that it is impossible to estimate its width. It is hypothesized that the Proto-Anaktoron corresponds with the construction of the Rotunda, replacing the Orthostate Structure when it was covered by the construction of the Rotunda.
Anaktoron 003 map
It is likely that the same earthquake that caused widespread damage throughout the Sanctuary in the early Imperial period also destroyed the Proto-Anaktoron. The Anaktoron was then built in its wake. The Anaktoron faced west and could only be approached from the south. It was set deeply into the hillside in such a way that when approached in antiquity, the lower parts of its eastern and southern walls were not visible. Three doorways pierce the western wall. The walls were constructed with polygonally shaped limestone blocks, held together by mortar and supported by stone piers along the interior long walls. The walls and piers provide evidence that a timber roof enclosed the space and that the interior was covered by white stucco. The floor was higher in the northern section of the building and formed an inner sanctuary into which, Lehmann hypothesizes, pilgrims were only allowed to enter after initiation. The evidence for this assertion is a marble stele found in the vicinity, bearing an inscription that prohibited the entry of the uninitiated. Benches lined the eastern and northern walls of the main chamber.
JRM_20_ortho_structure map
The fact that three buildings of very similar design were successively built in the same area indicates the significance of this location and structure to the initiation rituals of the Samothracian mysteries. K. Lehmann identified the latest of these structures with the first level of initiation, myesis. However, in light of the discovery of the Hall of Choral Dancers, this function has been called into question.
Selected Bibliography:
Clinton, K. 2003. "Stages of initiation in the Eleusinian and Samothracian Mysteries,"
M. Cosmopoulos, ed. Greek Mysteries: The Archaeology and Ritual of Ancient Greek
Secret Cults.
New York, pp. 50-78.
rev. J.R. McCredie. Thessaloniki, pp. 56-72.
McCredie, J. R. 1979. "Samothrace: Supplementary Investigations, _PHONE_," Hesperia
48, pp. 27-35.


text:
An ad hoc committee is pushing a series of projects aimed at honoring the late-George I. Sanchez, a scholar credited with helping bring attention to the plight of poor Mexican-Americans in the 1930s. Those projects include naming a street and building after Sanchez, said Luisa Duran, a retired University of New Mexico bilingual education professor.
In addition, New Mexico state lawmakers are scheduled Tuesday to read a memorial about the pioneer scholar's contributions to Latino education.
For the Sanchez family, it's a stunning reversal of his legacy in a state where lawmakers once denounced him and forced him to leave because of his then-radical views on desegregation, said granddaughter Cindy Kennedy, 49, a Santa Fe teacher. "I think it's fantastic," Kennedy said. "It's about time he's being honored here nearly 40 years after his death."
Duran said the committee is working on more ideas to honor Sanchez, who wrote the 1940 classic book "Forgotten People" about Mexican-Americans in Taos. The group of educators formed the committee after reading a story by The Associated Press last year that Sanchez was relatively unknown in his birth state and in Albuquerque, an area he worked as a young school teacher.
"It's important that we remember him because
A dozen or so schools in Texas and California are named in honor of Sanchez—including the School of Education building at the University of Texas where he taught for many years—but not a single school in New Mexico bears his name. Few New Mexico educators or activists know much about him, according to historians and educators. No plaque exists to show his birthplace or the school where Sanchez taught. He is not listed among the state's notable figures in New Mexico Centennial guidebooks.
A son of an Arizona miner, Albuquerque-born Sanchez worked his way out of poverty as a rural public school teacher in New Mexico to become a pioneer scholar and education activist. Sanchez developed his theories on school inequalities using New Mexico's Hispanic and Navajo populations as examples. He argued that bilingual students were discriminated against by monolingual school systems and testified in landmark court cases about the negative effects of segregation and IQ testing on Hispanic, American Indian and black children.
But Sanchez clashed with the state's governor for pushing a state equalization funding formula for schools and came under fire from some lawmakers for helping with a University of New Mexico professor's survey on racial attitudes in schools.
Kennedy said her grandfather never sought much recognition while he was alive.
"But I'm glad New Mexico is finally beginning to honor him," Kennedy said. "He's finally coming home."
Follow Russell Contreras at _URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
With such a common tech word like Bluetooth, have you ever thought to yourself where it actually came from?
Bluetooth is a technological term that refers to a standard used for exchanging data between a number of devices, both fixed and mobile over relatively short distances. It works by using UHF radio waves, with frequencies ranging from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz.
Bluetooth originates far back in time, a time way before any mobile phone or portable device. In fact, far before electricity!
In the year 920AD, a ruthless Viking ruler by the name Harold I of Denmark, who was also nicknamed Bluetooth, parted with his wicked ways and later converted to Christianity. At the time, Denmark was split into different lands and territories, each under the power of their respective rulers. It was Harold's exceptional skills of both military and diplomatic campaigns that crowned him King. Harold "Bluetooth" would inevitably go down in history as the king who united the separate states of Denmark into a unified territory.
In the late 1990s, mobile engineers developed a system that would also unite the connectivity of computer and cellular industries. Bluetooth was the codename given.
Take a look at the video below by the YouTube channel, The Infographics Show, on Bluetooth - Where Does THe Name COme From? The Story Of "Bluetooth" Harald I Of Denmark.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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I have just started auditing Linear Algebra, and the first thing we learned was how to solve a system of linear equations by reducing it to row echelon form (or reduced row echelon form). I know how to solve a system of linear equations using determinants, and so the using row echelon form seems to be very inefficient and an easy way to make mistakes.
The lecturer seemed to indicate that this will be useful in the future for something else, but a friend who has a PhD in mathematics said it is totally useless.
Is this true? Is this technique totally useless or is there some "higher mathematics" field/ technique where row echelon form will be useful?
share|improve this question
6 Answers 6
up vote 24 down vote accepted
Go beyond 2 x 2 and row echelon form is the way to solve systems of linear equations. This stuff is not done by hand, but by a computer. Row echelon form is much, much faster than using determinants (Cramer's formula). Ask someone who works in numerical analysis about this. Your friend with the Ph.D. is clearly unaware of the needs of applied math.
In pure math, Cramer's formula is very important for some proofs (and I personally prefer it for conceptual reasons over the algorithmic row echelon business, but then I don't work in numerical analysis). In applied math problems that give rise to systems of linear equations, you typically face equations in hundreds of variables. You are not going to solve that with a determinant. Moreover, if a computer needed to find a determinant of a 100 x 100 matrix it would not use the sum of 100! terms as in the Laplace expansion formula for determinants, but instead apply faster algorithms (the QR algorithm).
Your profile says you are studying economics. At some point when you may need to deal with some system of linear equations in economics and have the computer solve it for you, the method of solution could be treated as a black box in the same way most people drive without knowing how a car really works. But the reality is that if it were not for the algorithm of reducing to row echelon form, the computer couldn't solve systems of hundreds of equations rapidly.
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Interesting! I solve systems of equations by hand (3x3,) always using determinants. That is how we do in Economics, at least in the two universities where I have studied here in Australia. – Vivi Aug 8 '10 at 4:03
Er, the QR algorithm is for finding eigenvalues. Though I suppose one could multiply all together the eigenvalues returned, but that I think is too pedestrian a use for the "crown jewel of numerical linear algebra". Maybe you meant the "QR decomposition"? Still, Gaussian elimination takes at least half the effort of QR decomposition! – Guess who it is. Aug 8 '10 at 9:58
J.: Yes, I should have just referred to Gaussian elimination for computing the determinant. – KCd Aug 8 '10 at 19:58
Note also that Gaussian Elimination is hardly the end all and be all of numerical solutions to linear systems... the Cholesky decomposition as well as iterative methods such as Conjugate Gradient or multigrid methods can all be much faster or robust in practical applications. – user7530 Mar 3 '11 at 20:58
Gaussian elimination on an $n \times n$ matrix takes takes on the order of $n^3$ operations, where an operation is an addition, subtraction, multiplication, or a division. By contrast, computing determinants using the cofactor expansion takes $n!$ operations, which is much, much longer.
For example, consider a $100 \times 100$ matrix. Then $100^3$ is a million, and a million operations can be done by a typical laptop in under a second; but $100!$ is approximately $1$ followed by $158$ zeros, which would take even a supercomputer more time than the age of the universe.
In fact, I believe the opposite of your claim is true: if you want to compute determinants, the best way is to to reduce to echelon form.
share|improve this answer
Presumably Vivi's only experience in solving systems of equations is 2 x 2 or maybe 3 x 3. For 2 x 2 systems, determinants are pretty easy to compute by cofactor expansion. I doubt anyone computes a 2 x 2 determinant using Gaussian elimination. So it would be better to say "the opposite of your claim is true if there are more than 2 variables, and esp. when there are lots of variables." – KCd Aug 8 '10 at 3:19
Also, often equations will be such that reducing to Echlon form is relatively easy – Casebash Aug 8 '10 at 3:35
+1 for comparing the computational burden of the two methods. _USER_: I would agree that Cramer's is conceptually the best for solving a 2-by-2 by hand, but this old USENET posting by Pete Stewart shows that for a computer, Gaussian behaves much better: _URL_ (hint: it's all in the "condition number") – Guess who it is. Aug 8 '10 at 10:11
While it's true that computing determinants through cofactor expansion is factorial time, there do exist n^3 (and asymptotically faster) determinant algorithms as well. Your answer is a little misleading; it implies that the reason Gaussian elimination is preferable is because computing determinants is always so impossibly slow. – Larry Wang Aug 8 '10 at 13:49
_USER_ - I don't think my answer is misleading; in fact, I explicitly pointed out that you can compute determinants by reducing to echelon form. – alexx Aug 8 '10 at 18:53
Aside from its incredible utility in practical computations, echelon form is also a special case of a general construction called Bruhat decomposition which is important in the theory of Lie groups and algebraic groups.
share|improve this answer
A lot of the algorithmic procedures in linear algebra (e.g., Gram-Schmidt, QR decomposition) have a conceptual meaning in that setting. – KCd Aug 8 '10 at 6:25
alex already covered much of what I had wanted to say, so allow me to share something that had been written by Forman Acton in his (excellent!) "Numerical Methods that Work" on the matter:
"...the fact that this sequence of operations takes (much more) labor on the part of the computer as a direct solution of the problem by (Gaussian elimination) has never penetrated (the student's) consciousness. The glibness of the formal mathematical notation has obscured the realities of the arithmetic process. The cure is simple enough--the student should be asked to solve a 4-by-4 system, by hand, both ways. But this sort of realism is currently unfashionable--arithmetic labor being deemed ony suitable for machines."
share|improve this answer
Oh, that is a great quote, thank you! – Vivi Aug 8 '10 at 11:07
 1. I think the only real utility of Cramer's rule -besides resolving 2x2 systems by handis that, for a general system of linear equations $AX = B$ with $\det A \neq 0$, it shows blatantly _URL_ the continuous dependence of the solution with respect both $A$ and $B$.
 2. But, for the same reason, Cramer's rule is very dangerous because that $\det A$ appearing in the denominator: using it with a computer for small values of $\det A$ makes errors grow quickly.
 3. Nevertheless, I must confess that I feel somewhat unconfortable telling these kind of things to my students, since they could (and sometimes do) easely argue: (a) Are we going to actually solve some, say, 5x5 system of linear equations by hand? (b) Who cares what the computer really does in order to solve the system? -The only thing I need is the solution.
For these embarrassing objections, I have the following problem: try to solve some simultaneuous systems of linear equations. That is to say, for instance, two systems $AX = B_1$ and $AX = B_2$, with the same $A$. Of course, you can apply Cramer's rule two times, but the reducing row echelon algorithm allows you to solve it with one go, since the operations for reducing the system depend only on $A$. In manual computations, you can take advantage of this putting both matrices $B_1$ and $B_2$ together like this:
$$ (A \vert B_1 B_2) $$
Of course, this can be exploited further for any number of simultaneous systems $AX = B_1, \dots, AX=B_n$:
$$ (A \vert B_1 B_2 \dots B_n) \. $$
For instance, inverting a matrix is a problem of solving a simultaneous system of linear equations:
$$ AX = I \quad \Longleftrightarrow \quad (A \vert e_1 \dots e_n) \, $$
where $I$ is the identity matrix and $e_1, \dots, e_n$


text:
Our next exciting HL2C/SLLAT seminar will take place on Wednesday 1st June 2022, from 12 noon to 1pm (Dublin, Edinburgh, Lisbon, London).
Yvonne Foley (Edinburgh)
Diverse Critical Literacies: Pedagogies of Recognition
How to join:
Our seminars are free to attend. Simply sign up to the HL2C Mailing List to receive the link to join us via Microsoft Teams link. You do not need a Teams account to access the talk.
There are increasing numbers of pupils learning English as an Additional Language (EAL) in schools in the United Kingdom. In excess of a million pupils across UK schools currently speak one or more languages in addition to English, many of whom are refugees fleeing war and violence. There are very few papers that report on research that explores the diverse accounts of pupils learning EAL and their experiences in schooling contexts. Their voices remain silent. This study sought to begin to address those gaps by exploring how teachers draw on critical literacy practices to engage in identity work with their pupils.
This paper will present initial findings from a case study that set out to foreground a linguistically diverse group of EAL learners' own voices about their identities and their school experiences as they develop literacies within an English-medium environment. A secondary focus of attention investigated how teaching staff within that context perceived the current situation and the needs of EAL learners, along with what they viewed as appropriate responses to these needs as learners constructed their sense of self.
A sociocultural lens was used to examine these perceptions and the interpretation of findings has drawn on recent theorizing on identity, belonging and migration. Interviews and classroom observations were used to address two main questions: how do EAL pupils talk about their sense of self during critical literacy practices? And what identities do teachers make space for during the teaching and learning of literacy in their school and classroom settings?
Initial findings and recommendations about ways in which both learner and teacher perceptions could be used to understand how multilingual identities are formed through the use of critical literacy practices will be discussed.


Manufacturing Area's
Sponge iron, also called direct reduced iron, is the product created when iron ore is reduced to metallic iron, usually with some kind of carbon (charcoal, etc), at temperatures below the melting point of iron. This results in a spongy mass, sometimes called a bloom, consisting of a mix of incandescent wrought iron and slag.
Use of sponge iron
Grades Available for Sponge Iron -
GRADE - A (FeM - 81% Min)
GRADE - B (FeM - 78 To 80 %)
GRADE - C (Fem - < 78%)


text:
Parque Natural del Hayedo de Tejera Negra
A vestige of times passed
The beech trees of Tejera Negra were planted in remote times, when the climate was colder and more humid than it is now. Nowadays, these trees find shelter in shady valleys and northern slopes, with fog, wind, rain and very little sun.
Hayedo de Tejera Negra Nature Reserve is situated to the north-east of Guadalajara province, in the township of Cantalojas. It is delimited by the rivers Lillas and Zarzas. The Reserve's microclimate, together with its isolation, has enabled the preservation of the beech groves which give it its name. Apart from the beech trees, you can encounter other protected species, namely the yew, holly, birch, oak, hazel or pine. The undergrowth consists of heather, broom and thickets. The most characteristic fauna of Hayedo de Tejera Negra are the daytime birds of prey: golden eagle, red kite and goshawk. Roe deer, the fox, wild cat, marten, badger, weasel, wild boar and nocturnal birds of prey, for example the tawny owl, long-eared owl and little owl abound.
Areal: 1391 Hectares
Informasjon for besøkende: Visits must be arranged through the Visitor Centre, located one kilometre outside of the town of Cantalojas.
Miljømessig informasjon: The most representative feature of this Reseve, set at the north-west end of Guadalajara province, it an exceptional beech forest, one of the most southerly in Europe.
Kulturell informasjon: Formerly, Cantalojas Cattle Fair was an important socio-economic and which was attended by cattle farmers from Soria and Segovia, and even from Burgos and Santander.
Guadalajara (Castilla-La Mancha)
Hvor er det?
Alle rettigheter er forbeholdt. Turespaña / Segittur © 2013
Portal administrert av: Sociedad Estatal para la Gestión de la Innovación y las Tecnologías Turísticas, S.A. (SEGITTUR)


Math Forum - Problem of the Week
Marabyn usually takes a bus home from school. The weather today is beautiful and the bus is traveling so slowly that she decides to get off and just walk the rest of the way home. She'd like to walk at least 10 minutes but she doesn't want to walk more than 2 kilometers to her home which is 9 kilometers from school.
Using the tools in the Java applet, select a distance for Marabyn to have traveled in the bus and to use as the start of her walk by moving the slider, and choose a walking time from the pull-down menu.
Open Java Applet
 1. How far (distance) can Marabyn travel on the bus if she wants to walk at least 10 minutes but not more than 2 kilometers to get home? How long (time) will she walk?
 2. List two more bus-travel distances and walking times that also get Marabyn home.
 3. Write an equation that uses Marabyn's walking speed of 0.1 km/min and the variables "t" for walking time and "d" for bus-travel distance to express the distance of Marabyn's journey home.
© _PHONE_ The Math Forum


text:
Black Minqua: The Life and Times of Henry Green, is now available for purchase. The book sheds light on the Green Family who were settlers in the Welsh Mountain Region of Southeastern Pennsylvania. Minqua was a name given to Natives living in the region by Europeans, on first contact. The Welsh Mountains sit in what was formerly the Pequea Valley in the Great Valley of Pennsylvania and Delaware.
The first recorded Green is Thomas Green, who is living in Chester County (Pequea Valley). When Lancaster County was formed his land was part of that ceded to the new county. Pequea Valley is what is now called the Welsh Mountains, in Lancaster County. In 1737, Thomas Green left a Will naming his wife Ann as Administrator. He named his heirs in the Will and one of them was Thomas Green, who is a direct ancestor. Thomas son, Tom Green, was the first person written about on the Mountain, in the Philadelphia Gazette (1792).
The reporter went on the Mountain and saw a Big Burly Negro, Tom Green, the Leader of Green's Banditti. Numerous article ran about the Greens', in the New York Times, Philadelphia Inquirer, Reading Eagle, and numerous of other papers. None of the news was good, and I wanted to dispel some of those myths.
That is what my research and book have accomplished. The Greens' were the owners of land and not, as reported, squatters in the Welsh Mountains. There are original Warrants and Patents on file proving their ownership to land in Chester and Lancaster County. Joseph and Thomas Green (probably father and son), have patents signed by the sons of William Penn, John, Thomas, and Richard. Benjamin Green, the son of Tom Green Junior, received land from his participation in the War of 1812.
The book has quite a bit of information including the story of the Christiana Resistance told by William Parker. It is not widely known that the men (including Henry Green), were held in Pig Pens in Lancaster for over a year before their trial. After being acquitted, Henry Green and several others were rearrested and stood trial again.
The second trial also ended in acquittal, but was politically motivated. Why would Henry Green and his ancestors care about the Civil War, if they were just lawless neer do wells? Why would they care about Edward Gorsuch looking for his slaves? In fact Henry Green was a member of a Slave Resistance Group led by William Parker.
They were inspired by Frederick Douglass and Henry Lloyd Garrison My contention is that they were the victims of those who wanted their land and did not want the remnants of the Indians and free blacks living in their midst. Black Minqua is not a family history book, it is a history book. Many of those living on the Mountains left and were quite successful. One of Henry Green's daughters, Mary Green married Jacob Brown and moved to Coatesville. Many of the Browns' living in Coatesville are descendants of this union.
Henry's brother, Samuel Green was a successful business man, and his son, George Green was a wealthy Charcoal Burner in Berks County. Another descendant of the Welsh Mountain is Julia Green Collins, who is said to be the first African American Woman Author. A plaque was recently dedicated to her in Williamsport Pennsylvania. The title of her book was, The Curse of Cast; or the Slave Bride.
This is a book well worth reading for the personal stories and it's historical content.


Our Mission
To engage the Latino Community of Oregon in formal and organized philanthropic giving and increase investment into the Latino community's success.
 1. Investment: Provide financial resources to organizations and programs improving the quality of life of Latinos.
 2. Philanthropy: Engage the Latino community to invest their resources to address the needs of the Latino Community.
 3. Visibility: Increase the visibility and empowerment of the Latino community.
 4. Wealth-Building: Enhance entrepreneurial endeavors within the Latino Community by providing resources.


Next: , Previous: Washing Mail, Up: Getting Mail
6.4.11 Duplicates
If you are a member of a couple of mailing lists, you will sometimes receive two copies of the same mail. This can be quite annoying, so nnmail checks for and treats any duplicates it might find. To do this, it keeps a cache of old Message-IDs: nnmail-message-id-cache-file, which is ~/.nnmail-cache by default. The approximate maximum number of Message-IDs stored there is controlled by the nnmail-message-id-cache-length variable, which is 1000 by default. (So 1000 Message-IDs will be stored.) If all this sounds scary to you, you can set nnmail-treat-duplicates to warn (which is what it is by default), and nnmail won't delete duplicate mails. Instead it will insert a warning into the head of the mail saying that it thinks that this is a duplicate of a different message.
This variable can also be a function. If that's the case, the function will be called from a buffer narrowed to the message in question with the Message-ID as a parameter. The function must return either nil, warn, or delete.
You can turn this feature off completely by setting the variable to nil.
If you want all the duplicate mails to be put into a special duplicates group, you could do that using the normal mail split methods:
 (setq nnmail-split-fancy
 '(| ;; Messages duplicates go to a separate group.
 ("gnus-warning" "duplicat\\(e\\|ion\\) of message" "duplicate")
 ;; Message from daemons, postmaster, and the like to another.
 (any mail "mail.misc")
 ;; Other rules.
 [...] ))
Or something like:
 (setq nnmail-split-methods
 '(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate")
 ;; Other rules.
Here's a neat feature: If you know that the recipient reads her mail with Gnus, and that she has nnmail-treat-duplicates set to delete, you can send her as many insults as you like, just by using a Message-ID of a mail that you know that she's already received. Think of all the fun! She'll never see any of it! Whee!


text:
WISE OWL EXERCISES
ADVANCED VBA EXERCISES
Advanced VBA | Linking to data exercise | Listing Beatles - ADO
This exercise is provided to allow potential course delegates to choose the correct Wise Owl Microsoft training course, and may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any format without the prior written consent of Wise Owl.
You can learn how to do this exercise if you attend one of more of the courses listed below!
You need a minimum screen resolution of about 700 pixels width to see our exercises. This is because they contain diagrams and tables which would not be viewable easily on a mobile phone or small laptop. Please use a larger tablet, notebook or desktop computer, or change your screen resolution settings.
The database in the above folder contains a single table called tblBeatles, listing for each Beatle the following fields (the database is in Access 2007/2010 format, so you won't be able to open it in Access 2003):
- Dob (the Beatle's date of birth)
- Verdict (what you think about them)
Create a macro and assign it to the ADD THIS BEATLE button so that when you click on the button, Excel adds a record to the Beatles database:
You'll need to create a connection string and open a recordset
If you get this working, create a macro and assign it to the LIST BEATLES button so that the macro reads the Beatles' names into an array from the database, then loops over this array to build up a message which it then displays:
The result of running your macro to list the Beatles
Save this workbook as Beatles input form, then close it down.


text:
MPG or mpg is a three letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, including:
- miles per gallon, see fuel efficiency. Used alone, "mpg" is ambiguous, because US and imperial gallons are significantly different (quoted vehicle fuel efficiency is therefore significantly different for the same vehicle in the US and UK). Miles per gallon is the common measure used for fuel efficiency in the UK even though all road fuel is now sold there in litres. An unambigious measure is kilometers per litre (km/l though it may also be found written as kpl).
- MPEG – MPG is a common shortened file extension


text:
ERIC Number: ED383210
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1995
Reference Count: N/A
Aspects of Reference in Figurative Language.
Edinburgh Working Papers in Applied Linguistics, n6 p69-77 1995
This study considers some problems of reference found in figurative language, particularly in metaphor and metonymy. Analysis is based on the notion that the effects communicated by figurative language depend to a large extent on reference to more than one concept, experience, or entity, and that the presence of multiple potential referents enriches both cognitive and linguistic effects of written discourse. The text examined is a narrative entitled "Song of Solomon," by Toni Morrison, and the reference analyzed is that made to an earring. It is found that the apparently unique referent of the word is extended through metonymic and metaphoric elaboration so it acquires new cognitive senses; each use of the term in a new environment creates a unifying factor for interpretation of the entire narrative. It is concluded that while the Relative Theory of reference, which proposes that relevance is the only one necessary for satisfactory interpretation, and the principle of optimal relevance of referents are explanatory for brief, completed utterances, a complementary theory must be developed to explain a writer's use of multiple referentiality in longer narratives. (Contains 20 references.) (MSE)
Publication Type: Reports - Evaluative; Journal Articles
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Metonymy; Morrison (Toni); Referents (Linguistics)
Note: For complete volume, see FL 023 004.


text:
Paint the House
- Bucket of water
- Painter's cap
- Give your child a clean paintbrush, a bucket full of water, and a painter's cap and let her paint the outside of the house, the car, or the sidewalk.
- Not only will your child feel proud of doing grown-up stuff, she will actually do something useful in the process, and get fresh air and exercise in addition.
- If your child is old enough to think that painting with water is silly, put some soap into the water and tell her she is washing the house. (In this case, you may not want her to wash the car; it could result in soap streaks.)
Copyright © 1998 by Patricia Kuffner. Excerpted from The Preschooler's Busy Book with permission of its publisher, Meadowbrook Press.
To order this book visit Meadowbrook Press.


text:
Coal, oil and natural gas are globally still the most important fuels for electricity generation. In most power stations, the fuel is used to produce steam which then drives a turbine. Nickel-containing materials are frequently selected for their corrosion and heat resistance in order to increase durability in demanding situations in the boiler and heat exchangers. Steam temperatures and pressures are continually being increased because this improves the overall thermodynamic efficiency of the process as well as reducing CO2 emissions. This requires the use of more creep resistant materials in the turbines. Finally, the flue gas may require treatment to reduce pollution: nickel-containing materials may be needed to resist the aggressive conditions in electrostatic dust precipitators and flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) units.
There is increasing use of gas turbines for local electricity generation, including combined heat and power (CHP) installations. The materials requirements are similar to those discussed in the Transportation section. On an even smaller scale, micro-generation, for example, using Stirling cycle engines will use heat resisting stainless steels and nickel alloys.
Nickel-containing materials will also be needed in many "clean coal" technologies, including coal gasification, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) schemes – all aimed at reducing CO2 emissions.
News & Articles
- 10023 Life-Cycle Cost Comparison of Alternative Alloys for FGD Components
- 10024 Use of Nickel Stainless Steels and Nickel Alloys in Flue Gas Desulphurization Systems in the U.S.A
- 10025 Flue Gas Desulphurization in Europe
- 10027 Welding and Fabrication of Nickel Alloys in FGD Systems
- 10040 The Right Metal for Heat Exchanger Tubes
- 10056 Practical Guide to High Temperature Alloys
- 10072 Nickel-Containing Materials in Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
- 10086 Corrosion-and-Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloys
- 11011 Materials Workshop for the Power Industry - Proceedings
- 11020 Guidelines for Wallpapering Sheet Lining with Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys
- 11021 High Performance Stainless Steels
- 12001 LCC Benefits of Constructing an FGD System with Selected Stainless Steels and Nickel-Base Alloys
- 14029 Fabrication Options for Nickel-Containing Alloys in FGD Service: Guidelines for Users
- 14055 Corrosion Resistance of Duplex and 4-6 percent Mo-Containing Stainless Steels in FGD Scrubber Absorber Slurry Environments
See also Fabrication and Flue Gas Desulphurization


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Advanced Python field calculator is one of the numerous tools in Sextante for QGIS. It's extremely powerful but it doesn't use the syntax of QGIS' default field calculator (the one you can access via attribute table). Therefore, here comes a short introduction:
If you want to reproduce this example, I used a dataset of town areas from the new open government data site of Lower Austria.
The upper half of the Advanced Python field calculator is rather self-explanatory but the lower half is where it gets interesting: Code in the global expression section will be executed only once before the calculator starts iterating through all the features of the input layer. Therefore, this is the correct place to import necessary modules or to calculate variables that will be used in subsequent calculations. Code in the formula section will be evaluated for each feature in the input layer. As shown in the following example, this is where we can calculate new values, e.g. the area of the polygons in km²:
As you can see, the feature geometry can be accessed using
If you want to access an existing attribute, that's possible using
Anyway, this is the resulting layer's attribute table including the new areaKM2 field:
Thanks to Victor for pointing me to the documentation of FieldPyculator which Advanced Python field calculator is based on.


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Re: st: Goodness of fit tests for continuous data using Stata
From Maarten buis <>
Subject Re: st: Goodness of fit tests for continuous data using Stata
Date Tue, 5 Oct 2010 07:51:47 +0100 (BST)
--- On Mon, 4/10/10, Earley, Joseph wrote:
> Does Stata have a module which allows for testing whether
> or not a variable follows distributions such as the
> uniform, exponential, weibull etc.
> In particular, I would like to test whether or not a
> variable follows a uniform probability distribution using
> Stata.
Tests exist, but they are not very powerful. So you are
unlikely to detect deviations from your theoretical
distribution when you should. This is a limitation of
statistics, not of Stata.
The prefered method is not to test but to graph. Two
graphs can be particularly useful here: Firtst, the
hanging rootogram as implemented in -hangrootas it
allows you to include confidence intervals. That way
you can still have something resembling a test. Second,
the quantile plot as implemented in -quantile-. This
gives you a very direct direct view on the data. This
can for example be useful for spotting ties, which
are often the reason for deviation from a uniform
-hangrootis a user writen program, and can be downloaded
by typing in Stata -ssc instal hangroot-. -quantileis
part of official Stata. I like to use the -aspect(1)-
option for -quantileas the logic of this graph is that
the observations should lie on the 45 degree line. By
forcing the aspect ratio of the graph to be 1, the 45
degree line is really a 45 degree line. Leaving this option
out is not wrong, but I think adding it leads to a visually
clearer picture.
As I said before, we can do a test, but this test is not
very powerful. In Stata we use the -ksmirnovcommand for
that. For that we need the cumulative distribution function
(CDF) of our theoretical distribution. The CDF of a
uniformly distributed variable is (x - a)/(b - a) if it
ranges between a and b. In the example below we test
percentile rank scores of the variable, so a = 0 and b = 1,
and the CDF of x is x.
sysuse auto, clear
// create percentile rank score of mpg
// this should be uniformly distributed
// unless there are too severe ties
egen n = count(mpg)
egen i = rank(mpg)
gen hazen = (i - 0.5) / n
drop n i
// a suspended rootogram with confidence intervals
hangroot hazen, dist(uniform) susp notheor ci ///
 name(hangroot, replace)
// a quantile plot, no confidence interval but
// better for spotting ties
// test, but not very powerful
ksmirnov hazen = hazen
Hope this helps,
Maarten L. Buis
Institut fuer Soziologie
Universitaet Tuebingen
Wilhelmstrasse 36
72074 Tuebingen
* For searches and help try:


text:
Here, we present two links to databases of Earth impact structures
Impact structures of the world, compiled by Jarmo Moilanen (2009)
Expert Database on Earth Impact Structures (EDEIS) of the
Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SD RAS Tsunami Laboratory (2008)
These databases are by far more comprehensive than the Canadian Earth Impact Database which has time and time again got talked about not so much because of its set of criteria as because of its application frequently inexplicable. The Canadian database seems to have lost its former reliability and we can't help thinking that personal connections take precedence over scientific significance.
This becomes especially evident with regard to the large Spanish Azuara and Rubielos de la Cérida impact structures which are still disqualified from the Earth Impact Data Base at the University of New Brunswick (Canada) managed by John Spray.
Characteristic of John Spray's odd understanding of science: In a written inquiry Ferran Claudin asked him why the Azuara structure formerly established as a proven impact had been eliminated from the data base and why also Rubielos de la Cérida despite overwhelming impact evidence has not been recorded. Moreover, Ferran offered to send him reprints of all published articles on the impacts. John Spray wrote back that Ferran were free to do it but that he, John Spray, would not read the articles.
So much about the so-called "impact community" and the obstruction of science by a small group of persons¹, which does not only concern the Spanish impacts but can also be stated on all continents and with other impact research projects. In the submenu "Controversy" of our website we in detail consider the in part incredible processes accompanying the case of the Spanish impact structures
¹ According to the available literature there are different ways to understanding or which are aiming to understanding how the scientific community does function:
— as the quest for the truth, as an endeavor to solve riddles inside of paradigms (Kuhn 1970)
— as a social enterprise inside of which scientists are trying to incorporate others into their own subject (Latour 1987)
— as a syndicate (Barnes 1977). The interests may be: money, power, sway, status, privileges, and other benefits …
Many a time when people are thinking of "science" they are opining that scientific knowledge is something like the incarnation of superiority on human interests. They must then be reminded that in actual fact the scientific cognition is a human creation – and is thus related with human glory and human misery.
A person or persons who are changing or are intending to change the traditional view are in general initially ignored, then insulted and finally, if all this doesn't help, they become attacked by parts of the "ruling class" (in other words by the owners of the "incarnation of wisdom" – from the viewpoint of the dominant group).
By this means scientists or groups of scientist can be tackled by the "ruling class" in many different ways in order to maintain the "truth" (in accordance with the view of Barnes (1977)), such as: ostracism, excessive examination their work (by, e.g., willing reviewers), obstruction und rejection of work, retarding of help and resources, redeployment, prevention of publications, formal rebukes and censures, rumormongering …. Quite a few examples for the suppression of dissenters to be found in various fields of science can be studied on the website of Brian Martin: (_URL_ ).
World map of important impact structures and meteorite craters.


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Violin For Dummies
With all of its different parts and its beautiful, delicate-looking body, the violin can feel a bit intimidating at first. This Cheat Sheet helps you get to know your instrument by introducing the most important parts of your violin, provides some easy steps to keep it in tip-top condition, and takes you through the process of taking the violin out of its case for the very first time.
Examining the Parts of Your Violin
More than 70 parts go into making a complete violin. This hourglass-shaped string instrument consists of several basic parts, including the 21 important elements explained here.
Back: One of the most important parts of the violin, for both aesthetic and acoustic properties. The back of the violin can be made of one or two pieces, and it's arched for strength and tone power.
Bass bar: A slim strip of wood glued under the table of the violin on the side of, and running more or less parallel to, the lower strings. The bass bar reinforces the strength of the violin's top and enriches the tone of the lower notes.
Body: The sounding box of the violin has evolved to produce the best sound and use the most convenient playing shape. The waist of the violin is actually a necessary indentation, so that the bow can move freely across the strings without bumping into the body.
Bridge: The only piece of unvarnished wood on the violin, it sits on top, about halfway down the body, placed exactly between the little crossbars of the violin's f-holes. The strings run over the top of the bridge, which transfers their vibrations to the main body of the violin for amplification. The bridge is slightly rounded to match the shape of the fingerboard and to enable the player to bow on one string at a time.
Chinrest: The spot on which your jaw rests when you're playing (come to think of it, it should be called a jaw rest). Chinrests are usually made of ebony that has been carved into a cupped shape to fit the left side of your jaw. Your chinrest is attached just to the left of the tailpiece by a special metal bracket. You can choose from a variety of models to fit your chin shape and neck length most comfortably.
End button: A small circular knob made of ebony, to which the tailpiece is attached by a loop.
F-holes: The openings on either side of the bridge. They're called f-holes because they're shaped like the italic letter f.
Fine tuners: Small metal screws fitted into the tailpiece and used for minor tuning adjustments.
Fingerboard: A slightly curved, smooth piece of ebony that's glued on top of the neck of the violin, under most of the length of the strings.
Neck: The long piece of wood to which the fingerboard is glued. The neck connects the body of the violin to the pegbox and scroll.
Nut: A raised ridge at the pegbox end of the fingerboard that stops the strings from vibrating beyond that point.
Pegbox: The rectangular part of the scroll immediately adjoining the nut end of the fingerboard, before all the fancy carving begins, where each of the four pegs fits snugly sideways into its individual hole.
Pegs: Four pieces of wood, usually ebony, shaped for ease of turning and fitted into round holes in the pegbox. The player turns the peg to tighten or loosen each string when tuning the violin.
Purfling: An inlay running around the edge of the top and back of the violin's body. The purfling is both decorative and functional because it protects the main body of the violin from cracks that can occur through accidental bumps. Of all the parts of the violin, purfling is the most fun to say.
Ribs: The sides of the violin. The luthier (a fancy word for violin maker) bends the wood, curving it to fit the outline of the top and back of each instrument.
Saddle: An ebony ridge over which the tailpiece loop passes. The saddle protects the body of the violin from becoming damaged and prevents rattling sounds, which would occur if the tailpiece was to contact the top of the violin when it's vibrating with sound.
Scroll: Named after the rolled-up paper scrolls that were sent instead of envelopes in the old days, the scroll forms the very end of the pegbox. Carving a scroll requires artistic vision and great expertise, so creative violin makers see the scroll as an opportunity to display their best work. Occasionally, you meet a violin with a lion's head scroll, or some other fanciful shape, the result of a maker's whimsy.
Sound post: Enhances the volume and tone of the violin by transferring the sound vibrations to the back of the instrument after the bow makes a string sound near the bridge. If you peek into the f-hole near the E string (your thinnest string), you see a small round column of unvarnished wood, about the circumference of a pencil, which fits vertically from the top to the back of the violin.
Strings: The four metal-wrapped wires (often made with silver or aluminum ribbon spiraling smoothly around a gut or synthetic core material) that you bow on (or pluck) to produce the notes of the violin.
Tailpiece: A flared-shaped piece of wood into which the top end of each string is attached. The tailpiece itself is attached to the end button by a gut or synthetic loop.
Top (or Table): The face of the violin. The top is very important to the character and quality of the violin's sound as well as to its general appearance.
Protecting Your Violin from Damage
Violins are made of natural materials that are sensitive to temperature and humidity changes. Follow these tips to help your violin have a long and happy life:
Keep your violin at about room temperature.
Store the case away from high-traffic areas so that it doesn't get knocked around.
Always close and latch the case when you finish playing, to protect your violin from falls.
Keep your violin away from radiators, air ducts, and direct sunlight, and avoid leaving it for long stays (or almost any stays!) in car trunks, especially in very hot or very cold weather.
Most important of all, keep your violin in a humidity of 40 to 60 percent whenever possible, and if you're traveling to a different climate, take care to preserve the humidity in the violin's case at a similar level.
How to Take Your Violin Out of Its Case
Taking the violin out of its case (and putting it away again safely) is a skill; mastering the art ensures that your instrument will have a long and happy life. To open the case, follow these steps:
Place the violin case on a stable, flat surface, such as a table or a sofa, with the lid facing the ceiling, and then turn the latch-and-handle side to face you.
You may have to unzip the case's cover first, which usually has two zips that pull away to either side of the case's handle. Pull the zippers all the way around to the back of the case so that the lid is able to open fully.
Open the latches first, then release the lock and lift the lid.
Because the cases are very snugly built, the top can be a bit sticky to lift, in which case (no pun intended!), you hold firmly on the handle while you lift the lid.
After you open the case, lift off the covering blanket (if you have one) and undo the strap or the ribbon that safely holds your violin around its neck in the case, before you lift out the violin.
Hold the violin around its neck to lift it from the case — don't grab the body, because that's not good for the varnish.
It's a good idea to place the velvet cloth that covers the violin onto the table and next to the case; this way, you can place the instrument on the cloth.
Release the bow from the case by turning the toggle from a vertical to a horizontal position, taking the bow by the frog end (the name for the piece of ebony wood below the stick at the right end of the bow) with your right hand, and then sliding it gently to the right until the tip (the pointy end) of the bow is out of its loophole.
Never twist the stick while doing this — bows are strong, but they can't always resist sideways twists.


How to draw a star in java?
 1. public class RightTrianglePattern.
 2. {
 3. public static void main(String args[])
 4. {
 5. //i for rows and j for columns.
 6. //row denotes the number of rows you want to print.
 7. int i, j, row=6;
 8. //outer loop for rows.
How do you draw shapes in Java?
 1. Create a new Frame.
 2. Create a class that extends the Component class and override the paint method.
 3. Use Graphics2D.
 4. Use Graphics2D.
 5. Use Graphics2D.
 6. Use Graphics2D.
Why is String immutable in Java?
The String is immutable in Java because of the security, synchronization and concurrency, caching, and class loading. The reason of making string final is to destroy the immutability and to not allow others to extend it. The String objects are cached in the String pool, and it makes the String immutable.
What are the star patterns?
The patterns of stars seen in the sky are usually called constellations, although more acurately, a group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky is called an asterism. Astronomers use the term constellation to refer to an area of the sky.
Which tool is used to execute an applet?
Using an applet viewer, such as the standard tool, applet-viewer. An applet viewer executes your applet in a window. This is generally the fastest and easiest way to test your applet.
What are shapes Java?
The Shape interface provides definitions for objects that represent some form of geometric shape. The Shape is described by a PathIterator object, which can express the outline of the Shape as well as a rule for determining how the outline divides the 2D plane into interior and exterior points.
How do you make an ellipse in Java?
In this article we will draw a ellipse on Java applet by two ways. By using the drawOval(int x, int y, int width, int height) or by using mathematical formula (X= A * sin a, Y= B *cos a, where A and B are major and minor axes and a is the angle ).
IS NULL keyword in Java?
No, null is not a keyword. Though they seem like keywords null, true and, false are considered as literals in Java.
Is string immutable in Java?
Since Strings are immutable in Java, the JVM optimizes the amount of memory allocated for them by storing only one copy of each literal String in the pool.
What is hashCode () in Java?
The hashCode() is a method of Java Integer Class which determines the hash code for a given Integer. It overrides hashCode in class Object. By default, this method returns a random integer that is unique for each instance.
What is the most beautiful star?
 1. Sirius A (Alpha Canis Majoris) Our number one star on the list.
 2. Canopus (Alpha Carinae)
 3. Rigil Kentaurus (Alpha Centauri)
 4. Arcturus (Alpha Bootis)
 5. Vega (Alpha Lyrae)
 6. Capella (Alpha Aurigae)
 7. Rigel (Beta Orionis)
 8. Procyon (Alpha Canis Minoris)
Which color of star is hottest?
White stars are hotter than red and yellow. Blue stars are the hottest stars of all.
What is known as the largest star?
The largest known star in the universe is UY Scuti, a hypergiant with a radius around 1,700 times larger than the sun. … And it's not alone in dwarfing Earth's dominant star.
What is applet and its types?
A special type of Java program that runs in a Web browser is referred to as Applet. It has less response time because it works on the client-side. It is much secured executed by the browser under any of the platforms such as Windows, Linux and Mac OS etc. There are two types of applets that a web page can contain.
How do you make a simple applet?
 1. If you are creating a new applet source file, select Java Class Library under Projects. Click Next.
 2. If you want to import an applet source file, select Java Project with Existing Sources. Click Next. Specify the file's location in the Source Packages Folder text box.


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Falcon64 Optical Character Recognition
With its optional OCR engine, Falcon64 can process scanned images and fill associated fields with the machine-read data. These fields can be displayed on the screen for operators to rekey or verify. OCR fields can also be designed to go directly to output.
OCR is configurable via the workflow management system that is built in to Falcon64—you choose the directory to monitor for new scanned images, the groups of operators eligible to receive the work, and where and how files will be extracted and then archived.
Once this workflow is set up, Falcon64 monitors the number of images in the chosen directory; when the number reaches the threshold you specify, Falcon64 starts a new job and routes it to the next available operator.
- Easy zone definition: Format designers create recognition zones and associate them with fields on a format. One zone can be used to populate one or many fields.
- Flexible data streaming: Add the data to specific fields or stream to a group, filling each field or moving to the next at a line break; collect data in columnar format; use multiple formats to capture data.
- Automated OCR: You can set up an unmanned automated workstation that checks for new scanned images, OCRs them and fills data fields with the results.
Combined with the feature-rich Falcon64 system, these OCR functions give you the tools you need to get fast, accurate results from scanned images. That translates into cost savings for any data entry operation.


Grid pricing has advantages, but don't participate without thorough knowledge.
Recently, there has been increased emphasis on improving the quality and consistency of beef. Cattle producers, breed associations, feed suppliers and packers have initiated value-based pricing methods commonly referred to as grid pricing. While these various schemes may differ substantially in the carcass traits they seek to reward or penalize, they all have one common feature: price is established on each individual animal based on carcass merit.
With most grids, price is discovered after animals have been slaughtered. With a few exceptions, most grids are based on dressed weights for fed cattle. Unlike live weight pricing or dressed weight "in the beef" pricing where there is a single average price for the entire sale lot, a price is discovered for each animal with grid pricing.
As a result, higher quality cattle receive higher prices and lower quality cattle receive lower prices. Thus, cattle producers who market desirable types of cattle are rewarded.
Most grids consist of a base price with specified premiums and discounts for carcasses whose quality perform above and below the base or standard quality specifications. An example is shown in Table 1, but does not represent the grid for any specific packer or marketing alliance.
Some grids may provide added premiums for carcasses meeting specifications of Certified Angus Beef or other marketing programs. Likewise, packers may specify discounts for hide damage, injection site blemishes and other "out" or unmarketable carcasses.
To compute a grid-based price, the distribution of carcasses by quality grade (QG) and yield grade (YG) from a sale lot of fed cattle must be known. That distribution also is put into a matrix framework.
A hypothetical distribution of carcasses for a 100-head sale lot of steers is shown in Table 2. The hypothetical pen is a fairly typical pen of cattle — 65% QG Choice and Prime, and 60% YG 1 and 2.
Once the base price is known for the grid in Table 1, the net price for a pen of cattle can be computed by multiplying the percent of carcasses in each matrix cell in Table 2 by each premium and discount cell in Table 1. For example, if the base price is $110/cwt. of dressed weight, then the weighted average price for the pen distribution in Table 2 is $109.68/cwt. See Figure 1. We assumed there were no "out" carcasses. The actual net price for a pen of cattle may vary from the calculated price due to differences in carcass weights.
Some other thoughts:
 - A higher base price is probably more critical to receiving a higher net price from a grid than are the specific premiums and discounts. The base price affects all cattle in the sale lot, whereas premiums and discounts affect only selected carcasses.
 - Many grids compute the base price using the previous week's cash price. These formula base prices don't contribute to price discovery and provide packers an incentive to lower cash market bids.
 - Formula base prices tied to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Live Cattle Futures or to the wholesale beef market price are preferable to formulas based on fed cattle cash prices. Preferably, base prices can be negotiated weekly in the fed cattle market and contribute to competition and price discovery.
Pricing And Management Issues
 - Without knowledge of the cattle's carcass quality, marketing on a grid may be disappointing and risky. Grids can provide an incentive to market higher quality cattle, but the penalty for not recognizing and marketing lower quality cattle is large.
 Even a few lower quality cattle, priced at large discounts to higher quality cattle, can offset the premiums for higher quality cattle. The bottom line results might be a price that is lower on average than a live weight or dressed weight cash price.
 Cattle quality significantly affects the bottom line price results when marketing by a grid. For example, in Table 2 there are 30 head of Prime and Choice, YG 1 and 2 carcasses. Using the grid in Table 1, they add a premium of $1.08/cwt. to the base price.
 Table 1. Example grid in a completed matrix format. ($/dressed cwt.) Base price is $110/cwt.
 Yield Grade
 Quality Grade 1 2 3 4 5
 Prime 11 9 6 -14 -19
 Choice 5 3 Base -20 -25
 Select -1 -3 -6 -26 -31
 Standard -11 -13 -16 -36 -41
 Dark Cutters -20
 Light Carcasses (< 550 lbs.) -10
 Heavy Carcasses (> 950 lbs.) -20
 Table 2. Example Distribution of Carcasses by Quality and Yield Grades (100 Head Total).
 Yield Grade
 Quality Grade 1 2 3 4 5 Total
 Prime 0 1 5 3 0 9
 Choice 6 23 26 1 0 56
 Select 10 19 5 0 0 34
 Standard 1 0 0 0 0 1
 Total 17 43 36 4 0 100
 Fig. 1. Example of grid pricing calculations.
 Yield Grades
 1 2 3 4
 Prime $119 × 1 + $116 × 5 + $96 × 3 = $987
 Choice $115 × 6 + $113 × 23 + $110 × 26 + $90 × 1 = $6,239
 Select $109 × 10 + $107 × 19 + $104 × 5 = $3,643
 Standard $99 × 1 = $99
 $10,968 100 head = $109.68 Net price/cwt.
 Also in Table 2, there are four YG 4 and one Standard carcasses. These five discounts reduce the base price by 96¢/cwt., nearly offsettinxg the premiums from 30 higher quality carcasses.
 - Should pens of cattle be sorted to fit different grids or sorted to sell some cattle on the cash market? Sorting cattle to fit different grids may be economical provided a producer has a good idea how the different groups of sorted cattle will perform in carcass form. Sorting off "out" or lower quality cattle just before marketing them and mixing them with a pen of cattle sold on an average live weight or dressed weight price is a shortsighted approach to marketing.
 Profit from sorting may be higher for both pens but, over time, packers will likely bid lower for the cash market cattle. However, sorting cattle earlier may enable the feeder to manage both pens of cattle to meet specifications in more than one grid. This management change may reduce feeding costs, increase returns and enhance shortand long-term profitability.
 - Producers must realize that if feeding and other management practices are altered, then receiving the highest price doesn't imply the greatest revenue. Nor does the greatest revenue imply the largest profit.
Revenue is price multiplied by weight, and profit is revenue minus costs. To maximize profit on a pen of cattle, the selling weight and feeding costs need to be considered, in addition to the selling price.
Grid pricing methods have become more common in recent years. Grids have the advantage of pricing each animal, thereby improving pricing accuracy. Cattle are paid on actual dressed weights and the price is adjusted for carcass traits. Better quality cattle are rewarded and poorer quality cattle are penalized.
While grid pricing has definite advantages, producers need to know the quality of their cattle and how grids are calculated before knowing whether grid pricing is advantageous for them. Producers also must consider profit (cost and revenue) implications of altering feeding practices to target specific grids.
Dillon Feuz is an associate professor of agricultural economics at the University of Nebraska's Panhandle Research & Extension Center in Scottsbluff. He can be reached at 308/_PHONE_; e-mail:


text:
6.69 x 8.66 inches
French-born artist Guy de Cointet is known for his text and sculptural works, which were often combined as props and stage sets in theatrical performance pieces. This compendium of his plays builds on publications from the last ten years, the result of collaborations between critics, researchers, and the Guy de Cointet Society. The position of his oeuvre today is vastly different in comparison to a decade ago, having emerged from obscurity, while a careful reading of the notebooks he kept throughout the 1970s until his death in 1983 has spurred new insights. Included is a wealth of archival material, such as photos of performances and rehearsals, invitation cards and press articles.


text:
For Project 5 there are two options. You can either do a radical revision by recasting your essay into a new form, style, or genre or you can do a significant regular revision of one of your essays. The regular revision option would essentially be like what we did in Project 3. As for the radical revision, there are quite a few potential options. You could take your essay and turn it into:
A series of poems or one long poem
A picture of some kind (this could be a painting, drawing, collage, actual photo or series of photos that you took, or a photoshopped image)
A comic strip or graphic novel a la Fun Home
A flip book
A fake facebook page
A children's book/fable
A letter or series of letters
A journal/diary entry or entries
A multimodal essay (i.e. an essay that also contained images of some kind)
An essay that involved experimental writing
An essay that involved a radically different voice or perspective (i.e. one that is not actually your own)
An essay that uses a fiction as a means of expressing the truth; for example telling a false story and then admitting to the falseness like the way that Atonement or Life of Pi is structured could be interesting
The possibilities are virtually endless. Whatever you decide to do though needs to be based on either Project 2, Project 3, or Project 4. So, it does need to be a radical revision of some previous essay. Also, for radical revision people you will need to write a 1-2 page letter explaining the choices you were making in your radical revision and the significance of those choices. This letter should look something like Sam's letter that we looked at in class and will be the most important aspect in terms of determining your grade. So, it needs to be well thought out and thoroughly explained. It needs to provide evidence that a significant amount of critical thinking went into your radical revision. And, yes, even if your radical revision involves a lot of writing you still need to write the 1-2 page explanation.
Regular revision people will not need to write a letter to accompany their revision and can also do their revision on either Project 2, Project 3, or Project 4.


text:
World Consumer Rights Day (WCRD) 2016
What's the world's focus on WCRD 2016?
March 15th is World Consumers Rights Day (WCRD), an annual occasion celebrated within the international consumer
movement. The date is derived in 1962, when President John F. Kennedy first outlined the definition of Consumer Rights and was first observed on 15th March 1963.
This day (including other days closer to or around the day) is an opportunity to promote the basic rights of all consumers, for demanding that those rights are respected and protected, and for protesting the market abuses and social injustices that undermine them. The fundamental aim of WCRD is to bring about important and needed benefits for consumers worldwide.
Every year, consumer organisations around the world unite around a common theme to organize and deliver a collection of campaigning activities to endorse this day. This year's theme, "Antibiotics Off the Menu", arises from the overuse of antibiotics in food animal production (which uses around half of antibiotics (human medicine) produced globally, with much of it utilized to promote faster growth and prevent, rather than treat diseases).
Consumers International-an international consumers' movementunderscores that, the excessive use of antibiotics in food animals is noxious to humans, because it brings about "antibiotic resistance". This resistance develops in farm animals where bacteria change and become resistant (antibiotics resistant bacteria). These bacteria spread from farms to people through air, soil, water, manure and consumption of contaminated meat and animal products. This issue is developing and rising at a rate or to levels, which cannot be contained by the development of new drugs. The World Health Organisation has warned that, without urgent action, we are heading for a post-antibiotic era, in which important medicines stop working and common infections and minor injuries (simple cuts and scrapes) can once again kill.
This year Green Cameroon joins the global international consumers' movement to promote this day and campaign against the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture. We intend to do so through inspiring and sensitising consumers on their basic consumer rights, which include:
- Right to safety
- Right to choose,
- Right to be heard,
- Right to healthy environment,
- Right to be informed,
- Right to consumer education
- Right to redress.
Furthermore, we encourage consumers to get involved in questioning the safety of food (meat) produced from animals (including birds) administered high doses of antibiotics and gain knowledge on health implications on antibiotics resistance. Farmers also have an important role to play by giving fewer antibiotics to animals.
Let us work in solidarity to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria, which travels across national boundaries in myriad ways. This is a global crisis and Green Cameroon solicits businesses, civil society and consumers to join the campaign on tackling antibiotics resistance.
Let's note that, government action alone however will not be enough.
Be Part of The Change!!!


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Thursday, April 7, 2011
New technology allows a camera to track an eye, a particular face, or any other specified object.
The inventor, Zdenek Kalal, takes it through its paces, showing how it can learn and adapt to a lot of tracking challenges.
The ominously named "Predator" has strong potential for autonomous driving systems, military targeting, consumer photography, wildlife filming, FX compositing, surveillance videography, image stabilization, industrial robots, and human/computer interface technology.
The field of machine vision is still in its infancy and largely limited so far to industrial applications. We've grown accustomed to surveillance cameras filming us. Next we'll have to get used to seeing machines that recognize us and keep an eye on us.
Via Best of YouTube
More at Wired.com's Gadget Lab


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The Offshore Engineering group conducts applied and fundamental research of value to the offshore engineering community. Alongside the research activities, the group is strongly involved in education within the Offshore and Dredging Engineering interfaculty curriculum. Both the research and education are carried out in close cooperation with the energy-oriented companies focused on the offshore developments.
The research mission of the group is to provide mechanics-based tools and solutions to offshore engineering challenges. The focus of the research is placed on the integral modelling and design of offshore structures under various loads such as wind, waves, currents and ice. Currently on the frontline are the research projects associated with the deep water challenges, developments in the Arctic and expansion of the offshore wind sector.
The educational mission of the group is to educate Offshore Engineers who will be in high demand at the energy-focused companies working with oil, gas and renewable energy. We accomplish this by providing the students with a strong fundamental background, applied knowledge and direct and indeed very active contacts with the industry.


Developer Evangelist
What Does Developer Evangelist Mean?
A developer evangelist is a specific role within a company's engineering team that is focused on bridging internal and external communications. The developer evangelist typically maintains a presence as an "ambassador" for the company, interacting with the outside world through social media and in person.
A developer evangelist is also known as a technology evangelist, technical evangelist or technology advocate.
Techopedia Explains Developer Evangelist
A developer evangelist is typically a skilled developer, but does not actually spend most of his or her time writing code. Instead, the developer evangelist is essentially going out into the community to spread the news about what his or her company is doing, build relationships, and participate in a kind of "developer ecosystem." Part of this job would often entail communicating with both corporate developers, and those working on open-source technologies who are unconnected to a proprietary license product and brand.
The developer evangelist job is heavy on communications. In posting a job opening for this particular role, a Microsoft post defines the developer evangelist's mission as "to secure platform adoption and revenue growth through evangelism, community engagement, relationship marketing and a vibrant solutions ecosystem."
Experts point out that developer evangelists need both technical and communication skills, a passion for technology, and ways to articulate technical concepts to diverse audiences.
Technology Evangelist, Technical Evangelist, Technology Advocate
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Ever heard the term 'medical humanities' but been confused about what it means? Here Professor Ian Sabroe, co-director of Medical Humanities Sheffield, explains all.
Essentially, 'humanities' are the subjects that study human life and experience – so philosophy, music, arts, history and English are all areas of knowledge that would be described as humanities in academia.
'Medical humanities' very broadly describes that area of overlap where you use the lens of one thing to look at the other.
You can use humanities to look at what medicine does and that's a very traditional medical humanities approach. That can encompass a huge range of different disciplines; so you can, for example, use a 'narrative analysis' to collect stories of people who have experienced illnesses and look at the words they use and the experience they have, and do all sorts of different analysis to understand what illness means to people. (See the Autumn 2017 issue of Emphasis to read about a project supported by the PHA UK that did just that!)
Humanities can challenge doctors to think about how they make decisions and help people
There are a lot of challenges and assumptions and different types of narrative
that people have when they talk about illness – the 'quest narrative' of finding a goal, the 'restitution narrative' of getting back to normal, and the 'chaotic narrative' of an illness journey being deeply unpredictable.
An academic called Susan Sontag talked about everyone inhabiting, at different points in their lives, 'the kingdom of the well' and 'the kingdom of the sick' – and the journeys we all make through these things.
Another aspect of medical humanities involves looking at the philosophy of medicine and how doctors make decisions and what it's like to be an expert.
So, the humanities can look at how people experience illness, help doctors listen to these stories and understand them, and challenge doctors to think about how they make decisions and help people.
Using creative arts
Another aspect of medical humanities is to use arts to interpret illness.
For example, if you decided that you wanted to interpret pulmonary hypertension using theatre, or painting, you might be using humanities to explore medicine.
If you are doing it from an intellectual view you might research how well that is communicated, and study whether or not that has communicated the experience of medicine. I have colleagues who work in music and who are studying how music engages with memory, for example in people with dementia.
The vast majority of people who work within medical humanities are not doctors or nurses – they will be people in departments of English or literature, history or philosophy, who look outside of medicine and critique it.
There are clinicians who take an interest in it but it's a fairly small number, because it's not a very traditional skill taught at medical school, even if it's incredibly important.
Medical humanities for education
I'm very keen that you can also use the humanities to teach doctors different skills. You can take the languages of humanities and use them to teach medical students about medicine in general.
For example, in America they have long courses in narrative medicine to listen to the experience of being ill. I've recently been awarded a Churchill Fellowship which will see me spend six weeks out there, looking at how they use humanities in the teaching of medics.
What it all means for people living with illness
People with illness may come across medical humanities if they take part in research projects that explore the experience of illness and you could argue that there might be a space for medical charities to consider lobbying for more research to happen within the domain of humanities to explore what illness means to people.
How we listen to people with illness and share their experiences really matters
I would like to think if doctors had been trained to use and understand knowledge gained through humanities, they might have a different set of skills that might help them to understand the patient's journey, and understand themselves better to be able to cope with a lifelong career that is very challenging.
Ian Sabroe is Professor of Inflammation Biology at the University of Sheffield and Honorary Consultant Respiratory Physician at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. He is also co-director of Medical Humanities Sheffield
Medical humanities in research
I often supervise medical students who are doing research, and the two projects I supervised last year are examples of medical humanities.
1. Grace Elliott
Grace Elliott looked at women and their narratives of postnatal depression. The researcher looked at the last 120 years of women's writings about their mental health after having children and matched them to changes in scientific thinking about postnatal depression.
Grace is going to write about how women were strong at finding ways to communicate their distress, even when there was no model for them to do it, and how the origin and development of new models allowed women's mental health to be discussed more availably and freely.
2. Amy Wilson
Amy Wilson looked at a different side of life as a doctor, because there's a high rate of depression, mental illness, and suicide in the medical profession.
She showed how narratives of doctors writing about their own mental health were suppressed by the stereotype of what a doctor 'should' be and found how difficult it was for doctors to describe and share their illness.
3. Sally Mather
This year, Sally Mather is looking at the problem of uncertainty in medicine; where it comes from, who it creates stress for in terms of the patients and doctors, when we're prepared to talk about uncertainty, and whether or not uncertainty has been increased or decreased by technological advances in medicine.
These research projects show how humanities like philosophy, literature and history can be used to explore and understand what it is to be ill, or to deliver clinical care, or to discover different ways of communicating what illness is like.


it appears to only specify the minimum number of decimal digits that can be faithfully represented.) In practice, most C compilers when targeting general purpose CPUs and particularly x86-family CPUs, will use IEEE754 types. In this case double will effectively have a 53-bit mantissa. x86-family CPUs support an 80-bit format with a mantissa with effectively 64-bits, and several but not all compilers will have long double indicate that when targeting x86. The range of validity of the code depends on these implementation details.
 - $\begingroup$ Outstanding answer! One case that I'm still scratching my head over: suppose $e$ is so negative that $r_x+e < 0$. Then the value of a*b - c*m will be $r_x+m$, and thus in the range $m..2m-1$. Suppose this value is $\ge 2^{63}$. Then the cast to int64_t (a signed type) will cause it to wrap around to a negative number. Why does the code do the right thing in this case? In particular, $r_x + m$ becomes $r_x+m - 2^{64}$ after conversion to int64_t (if it was $\ge 2^{63}$), and then the %m-and-make-positive operation should yield $r_x - 2^{64} \bmod m$, rather than $r_x$. (cont.) $\endgroup$ – D.W. Jun 22 '17 at 17:23
 - $\begingroup$ I haven't found a test case that triggers this behavior yet. In particular, I can't find any values for a, b, m where $r_x+e<0$ and where the value of a*b - c*m is $\ge 2^{63}$, i.e., where $r_x+e<0$ and $r_x + m \ge 2^{63}$. Can this case happen? If it can, why does this code give the right result in that situation? $\endgroup$ – D.W. Jun 22 '17 at 17:46
 - $\begingroup$ After trying 1 billion random values, I cannot find any test case that satisfies those conditions. So perhaps this case is impossible? But why? $\endgroup$ – D.W. Jun 22 '17 at 18:54
 - $\begingroup$ I agree that I'm also not sure what happens at the very edges. In this case, we have $0 \leq r_z < m$, $0 \leq r_N < m$ and $|e| < m$ so the range of $\left\lfloor\frac{r_z+r_N+e}{m}\right\rfloor$ is $-1$ to $2$ inclusive. Since $m < N$ this causes no issues in the $-1$, $0$, $1$ cases. We don't, however, have $2m < N$ so if $m \geq N/2$ we could have issues, e.g. if $m \geq 2^{63}$ for $N = 2^{64}$. I don't know if we will have issues though; I believe so. On the other hand, if the rounding mode is set to round down, we'll have $e \leq 0$ and I think it works all the way up to $m = N-1$. $\endgroup$ – Derek Elkins left SE Jun 22 '17 at 21:06
 - $\begingroup$ Thanks for the edit and the comment. However, I still don't see how that addresses the case that I'm talking about. The case I'm worried about is where $\lfloor {r_z+r_N+e \over m} \rfloor$ is $-1$, and where $r_z+r_N+m \ge 2^{63}$ (so that the cast to int64_t yields a negative number). Your comment says there are no issues in the $-1$ case, but I don't understand why; that's exactly the case I'm worried about. I did consider rounding modes, but from what I can find it appears the default rounding mode is "round-to-even", not "round-down", so that doesn't seem to resolve the issue. $\endgroup$ – D.W. Jun 23 '17 at 5:17
_USER_.W I noticed that for the case where e is negative, after the long double division, the value is being roundup, if that's the least significant bit, making it look like it represents exact value negating the rounding error. See this example. (2^63-2)(2^63-2) = 85070591730234615828950163710522949636. but this is represented as 85070591730234615828950163710522949632 in long double. This is a case where e is negative. when u divide it by (2^63-1), the answer should be 9223372036854775804.99999999999999999967. but this is being rounded up to 9223372036854775805. so we really are not getting the case of (r+m) as the quotient we getting is the actual q but not q-1(which we are expecting since e is negative). To avoid rounding up, we need more precision to hold the decimal. The max error u can get when m is of order 2^63 is 2^60 when ab is in the range of (2^125-2^126). Which requires at least 3 bits to hold the decimal value(e/m), but we are using 63 bits already to hold the mantissa of (a*b)/m. If we use lower order m, the error will be lesser too, even though we use lesser bits to hold the mantissa, we would need more bits to hold the decimal value. for example, if m is in the order of 2^58, the max error between 2^115 and 2^116 is 2^50. Now the decimal value will be of order e/m (1/2^8) which requires 8 bits. So it looks like the total bits necessary (58+8 = 66) is always 66 bits but we only have 63 bits and hence its rounding up always when e is negative.
Your Answer


What Is Double Helix Water?
Double Helix Water is a relatively new discovery in the field of water and health. It is used by thousands of doctors, integrative practitioners and individuals to support better health and well-being. Its growth and popularity have come about largely by word of mouth. To accurately define Double Helix Water, let's begin with what it's not. You may have heard of Kangen water, structured water and ionized water. Double Helix Water is none of these. Double Helix Water isn't treated in any way and is present in its natural state. Water can exist as a gas, liquid or solid. In each of these phases, it's made up of the exact same molecules; only the space between the hydrogen and oxygen changes.
Before the discovery of stable water clusters the only known solid state of water was ice. It required below freezing temperatures to have a solid state of water. New Research proves otherwise. Solid microscopic particles of water can and do exist, they do not depend on freezing temperatures to remain solid. In fact they remain solid at temperatures beyond boiling water, hence they are called stable water clusters.
Picture taken with Atomic Force microscope, showing the clear formation of a double helix structure.
This double helix structure is formed by thousands of stable water clusters clinging together. Photo Credit D&Y Laboratories, Inc.
You might wonder why stable water clusters were not discovered earlier. The fact is, they could not be seen without the aid of an Atomic Force Microscope, a tool not available to previous researchers. Double Helix Water is the result of the discovery of stable water clusters.
Current research suggests that the stable water cluster in Double Helix Water somehow enables the expression of certain genes. It may help the DNA perform the job it's intended to do. Double Helix Water is likely the most natural product ever found. It enhances and supports life and it tastes just like water.
Double Helix Water – Research information button


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Q Where is Svo2 (percentage of oxygen saturation in the pulmonary arterial blood) measured in the body?
Svo2 is measured in the pulmonary artery (PA), where venous blood mixes after circulating through the superior and inferior vena cavae, coronary sinuses, and the chambers in the right side of the heart. Although Svo2 is the percentage of oxygen saturation in the pulmonary arterial blood, Svo2 actually represents an average of all the venous oxygen saturations of the various organs and tissues.1
Q: Describe the technology used to measure Svo2.
The components of an Svo2 monitoring system include a flow-directed thermodilution PA catheter that has conventional hemodynamic monitoring capabilities in addition to fiber optics for transmitting light (Figure 1), an optical module that contains a light-emitting...


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where pattern is any keyword or text string.
The help command invokes the built-in help function in magic, which lists the summary usage information that has been compiled into magic for each command. The summary help information is usually only a single line of text. Commands that have complicated sets of options have their own help option, which is not part of the help command.
Without arguments, help reports a summary usage for every command in magic. With arguments, magic filters the output to report only those commands matching the indicated text pattern.
The output is divided into general-purpose and window-specific sections. The window-specfic section depends on the active window. For instance, with a single layout window present, help cleanup returns no information. However, the command specialopen netlist followed by help cleanup will report the usage of the command cleanup, which is a command that can only be invoked from the netlist window.
help is implemented as a built-in command in magic. Note that there is no general-purpose command-line-based help method for Tcl commands, so the help command will not provide any information about magic commands written as Tcl procedures, such as openwrapper or pushstack. The general convention is for each Tcl procedure to allow the option help and provide its own usage information.
|Return to command index|
Last updated: March 7, 2020 at 1:06pm


National Prayer Network
By Rev.Ted Pike
4 Sep 12
Are Jews infected with bad genetics? On David Duke's radio programs of April 23 and 24, 2012 he and Dr. Kevin MacDonald said the Jewish community over millennia, consciously or not, has excluded moderate, civil, and high-minded members—leaving them with a concentration of "bad" genes. They believe these genes, along with cultural influences, are the main reason for Jewish radical/revolutionary activism. (See Jewish Activists Created Communism)
MacDonald asserts that a process of natural selection has been at work from Biblical times, intensifying in the Talmudic era, to exclude Jews whose genetic characteristics do not facilitate Judaism's "evolutionary strategy." He says tendencies toward radicalism, aggression, and selfishness are genetically transmitted. As an evolutionary reductionist, he also believes altruism is inherited biologically.
MacDonald relates how eastern European (Ashkenazi) Jewry, whom he describes as the most narrow, extreme, and ethnocentric of Jews, underwent a 19th century "population explosion." Their descendants flooded the Western world, dominating international finance and media and founding Zionism. An inherited tendency toward fanaticism, he and Duke believe, helps explain the passion of modern liberal Jews to erode everything America historically represents.
Duke says he and MacDonald are not putting out this thesis "because we are against Jews." He agrees some Jews don't go along with Jewish supremacism's radical agenda. He says we must understand the science and genetics behind Jewish activists' consistent subversion of our national interests. The bottom line for Duke and MacDonald is that most Jews are in a state of genetic degeneration. Their genetic blueprint makes them amoral, aggressive, dominant and subversive to all societies outside of Judaism's ethnic group. (See David Duke's Real Beliefs about Jews)
These broadcasts are fodder for unstable anti-Zionist zealots to create a racist rationale that the world would be a much better place if Jews ceased to exist. This may not be the conclusion of the majority of Rense listeners. But it is inevitable for members of "white power" rock bands and prison gangs, skinheads, and many "lone wolf" zealots.
The question is: Are Duke and MacDonald right?
Are Jews Driven By Evil Genes?
God gives us each an array of diverse personality traits. Morally neutral, they can be applied to many purposes, including religious and political causes. In moral terms, genes are not "good" or "bad." Each individual exercises their free, eternal will to make moral choices in response to their own impulses. It is for these choices that we will be judged.
It is not at all established that good characteristics—such as reasonableness, breadth of mind, gentleness, and cooperation—have caused Jews to be excluded from any branch of Judaism. As long as such persons agree doctrinally with Judaism, these characteristics work powerfully to help them blend in. In contrast, Jews with dogmatic, intolerant and abrasive qualities (exactly the kind of people Duke and MacDonald assert stayed in Judaism) would be most constitutionally inclined to split from it.
In reality, Judaism coheres over the centuries not because it appeals to people with certain genetic traits but because Jews with the widest variety of personalities assent to its basic teachings. There is little evidence for a millennia-long consistent expulsion of the best members of the Jewish community.
 But even if the Jewish community were left with undesirable genes, it does not mean such are "evil." The apostle Paul persecuted the Christian church, epitomizing many of the bad traits of the modern Jewish/Zionist/liberal activist. He was fanatically ethnocentric, self-righteous, and homicidally intolerant of those who opposed his Judaic agenda. But these attributes, which fueled his murderous defense of Judaism, were transformed after his conversion. The very traits that made him the greatest enemy of Christianity also made him the theological lion of the church.
Scripture abundantly prophesies that Jesus, before His second coming, will do for a repentant remnant of Jews what He did for Paul on the road to Damascus, transforming a nation of persecutors of Christ into His greatest defenders.
"Bad Genes" or Necessary Traits?
If civilization is to be preserved, fighters for freedom must possess a number of "bad" genetic characteristics. They must be "critical" of evil, "aggressive" in opposing it, "vindictive" in rooting it out, and "dominant" and "exclusionary" in keeping it from rising. They must be "uncooperative" in accepting the liberal agenda. In fact, a healthy "killer instinct" against evil is vital to the social reformer. What may be viewed as genetically "bad" by simplistic liberal and reductionist evolutionary thought can as easily become vitally necessary and good.
Conversely, those "good" characteristics we applaud, such as cooperation, social amenability, acceptance of others, and love of peace, may well incline most people to do as they are told and not resist evil or think suspiciously. In the end, this destroys liberty.
But for an individual to receive genetic traits God and society expects him to overcome or creatively use is very different from Duke's and MacDonald's leap of logic that most Jews are collectively driven by malignant genes to become almost robotic destroyers of civilization.
The Real Reason Most Jews are Liberals and Social Activists
What really went wrong with Judaism?
Beginning with Judah's exile to Babylon in the 6th century B.C., Judaism was transformed from divinely inspired Hebrew monotheism into modern, or Talmudic, Judaism. By the time Christ encountered the Pharisees, their twisted oral tradition had overthrown everything God ever tried to teach the Hebrews about loving Him with all their hearts and minds and their neighbors (including the stranger in the land) as themselves. It was not twisted genetics but spiritual rebellion and wrong moral decisions (including crucifixion of Christ) that propelled the Jewish people into the deepest spiritual darkness, laying the foundation for everything offensive in modern Jewish attitudes and agenda.
No verse in the Old Testament even hints that a Gentile is genetically inferior or subhuman – only that the peoples surrounding the Hebrews were morally degenerate and corruptive, a fact emphatically confirmed by archeology. Yet Pharisaic "sacred" literature (the Talmud and Zohar) is replete with the bitterest racist denigration of the Gentile "goyim." (See Have You Read the Talmud Lately?)
"Jewish Bad Gene" Theory Sparks Violence
Contempt for the Jewish race is a very real malignancy. I have always defined actual anti-Semitism as "the racist belief that Jews, because of heredity, are inherently degenerate and subversive." Duke's and MacDonald's theory fits this definition. They spread a premise that leads the unstable into a vicious line of reasoning: If Jews are genetically evil, they are irretrievably so; they will only continue to trash civilization; it is a good thing if someone kills them.
"White power" zealots and terrorists feed obsessively off such racist genetic determinism. Few massacres or genocides in history were not first rationalized by claims that their victims were not entirely human. This is exactly what Duke and MacDonald say about most Jews: They do not possess a full complement of "moral" genes necessary to amicably coexist with humanity.
This is what Hitler taught, leading him to favor the idea that, at least in regions where Aryans predominate, Jews should not exist. That is exactly what racist murderers like recently indicted David Pederson and Holly Grigsby believed as they headed to southern California to massacre as many Jews as possible (See Racist Violence Begins with Racist Beliefs and Police Prevent "White Power" Massacre of Jews).
"Bad Genes" Theory Serves Zionist Goals
Why is the alternative right tolerating this revival of Third Reich racism?
Weary anti-Zionist patriots are so hungry for powerful and articulate leaders, and so appreciative of all that Duke and MacDonald are doing to combat Jewish supremacism, that there is a tendency not to worry if they include an element of anti-Semitism. What is vitally important, most feel, is that someone is effectively stemming the Zionist tide.
Yet anti-Semitism mixed with truth is counterproductive. Truth will eventually be swallowed up by bigotry. Already, the average American is disgusted by the racist, rage-filled tone coming from far right message boards and websites and wants nothing to do with it.
Furthermore, the blood of innocent Jews, eventually slaughtered by far right extremists, will be on the hands of leaders who do not speak against those who diminish the humanity of the Jewish people.
I believe ADL/SPLC/DHS are delighted that such anti-Semitism is now broadcast widely. When far-right violence does occur, the full power of the federal "anti-domestic terrorism" machine will indict all who may have ideologically influenced the shooter. (See SPLC Attacks 18 "Hateful" Christian Groups) At the same time, the Jewish media and educational establishment will go into high gear, creating whole new mythologies and false lessons. (See Jews Confirm Big Media Is Jewish) More federal anti-terrorist laws, supplemented by edicts from Homeland Security and the President, will restrict freedom.
Thus, evolutionary racist genetics, as Hitler tried it, and Duke and MacDonald try it again, inevitably destroys the very anti-Zionist movements it attempts to promote.
The first appearance of blatant anti-Semitism and racism (which we see