text:
The Art and Science of Patient Education for Health Literacy,
Most healthcare providers know that health literacy is a major barrier to positive health outcomes, but regardless of good intentions they continue to simply present health information rather than promote deep patient learning. With Dr. Melissa N. Stewart's unique, research-driven approach, The Art and Science of Patient Education for Health Literacy helps you make the shift from simply presenting health information to activating deep patient learning. Revised and thoroughly updated from Dr. Stewart's Practical Patient Literacy: The MEDAGOGY Model, The Art and Science of Patient Education for Health Literacy equips both students and healthcare providers with the skills needed to engage patients' brains in order to help them understand their conditions and promote long-lasting behavior change. Based on the neuroscience of learning, this groundbreaking book is packed with abundant tools to teach students and practitioners how to negotiate effectively with patients about what they will and won't do to maintain and improve their health. Equipped with enhanced levels of health literacy, your patients will better understand their illnesses and become their own best healthcare advocates.
- UNIQUE! Focus on the author's proven patient literacy model applies a reliable methodology to promote patient health and reduce hospital readmissions.
- Practical, patient-centered approach emphasizes how to help patients formulate their own healthcare goals to promote their own health.
- In-depth discussion of pedagogy and andragogy introduces how these concepts can be used to teach different patients and accommodate their educational needs.
- Case Studies promote reader engagement and active learning.
- Guidance on how to understand the patient's emotional state and grieving process helps you understand when and how best to communicate health information.
- Handy tools such as the Patient Education Hierarchy, Informational Seasons, the PITS mode, and the UPP tool add direction to individual and/or team patient education efforts.
- UNIQUE! Research-driven approach based on the latest findings in the neuroscience of learning.
- NEW! Addresses the emergence of health literacy as a crucial issue for the future of high-quality health care.
- NEW! and UNIQUE! Incorporates the author's Self-Activation Tool to help patients activate their own learning.
- NEW! Colorful design and numerous illustrations promote reader engagement and active learning.
- NEW! Chapter-ending Key Points provide a focused self-check for each chapter.
- NEW! Broader focus on different health professions provides information for a wide-range of caregivers.
Section I: Shifting the Focus to the Patient
1. The Problem of Health Literacy 2. The Patient's Perspective 3. Education Theory
Section II: Effective Teaching and Learning
4. Information Exchange 5. The Science and Theories of Learning 6. Health Promotion Theories
Section III: Patient Knowledge
7. Patient Learning 8. Informational Seasons of Knowledge 9. The Brain and Memory
Section IV: Information Delivery Methodology
10. The PITS Model 11. The Medagogy Conceptual Framework 12. The UPP Tool: Assessing Patient Knowledge 13. The Self-Activation Tool
Appendix A. The UPP Tool Pilot Appendix B. The Self-Activation Tool Appendix C. Laurie's Story from the Care Transitions Pilot
Melissa Stewart, DNP, RN, CPE, Faculty, School of Nursing, Our Lady of the Lake College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana


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I'm running an application that can't be resized by any means. The text drawn on the application is too small so I tried to use the magnifier to make my screen bigger but I've noticed that 200% zoom level gives you a substantially clearer picture than 150%.
What is the reason for this? Is there any way I can make my 150% zoom level more clear (as 200% is an overkill)? If not, are there any other alternatives I can freely zoom inside the screen without losing too much clarity?
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You mean by interpolation? – DragonLord Oct 2 '12 at 0:02
2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
200% (2x) zoom allows for simple pixel doubling, while 150% (1.5x) requires a more complex rescale algorithm; there's really no way to change this. Another application might do the resize to 150% in a different way that produces a clearer result than what you're using now, but you're always going to see a clearer result with an integral zoom factor (2x or 3x vs. 1.5x or 2.5x).
Hope this helps!
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As Aaron explained, it is a simple matter of math. That is, while doubling, tripling, etc. results in each pixel simply being enlarged (each pixel becomes a block of four, nine, etc. pixels), scaling by 1.25x, etc. gives fractional results.
Technical Explanation
For example, if you want to magnify an area of the screen that is 10 pixels wide, doubling it is simply a matter of making a 20-pixel—wide area and copying each source pixel twice. But what happens if you want to make it 1.5x? You have to make an image that is 15 pixels wide, but since there are no half-pixels (sub-pixel rendering notwithstanding), you have to double every other pixel.
Now imagine trying to zoom to 175%. You would have to make an image that is 17.5 pixels wide. Wait, what‽ How do you make a 17.5-pixel—wide image? You can't! You have to round it to either 17 or 18 pixels wide, then double only some of the pixels using some even more messy formula. This makes the result even more unpleasant to look at and difficult to read.
Your best bet is to use a different program which uses advanced math to scale it nicely, similar to how emulators often employ different filters to scale low-resolution video-game consoles to high-resolution monitors.
Sadly, there don't currently seem to be any Windows zoom/magnification tools that support both fractional zooming and advanced filtering (my go-to tool, Xoomer turns out to not support either). I do know of a couple of a few programs that have potential:
 - Mooz has a nice, minimal interface with good results, but zooming doesn't seem to work, so I cannot tell if it can do fractional zooming.
 - On Screen Magnifier has lots of fancy features including numerous filters that can make the results look smooth and great, and it does have fractional zooming, but only for down-scaling! That is, shrinking to less than 1x (which no other magnification tool I can find does).
 - Virtual Magnifying Glass has a lot of features as well. The only fractional zoom level it supports is 1.5x (which is still more than other tools), and while it looks much better than the Windows Magnifier at 1.5x, it could be better with some filtering).
While none of these quite fit the bill, the bright side is that the above tools are all open-source and available on SourceForge, so you can easily put in a feature request to have them add the necessary features.
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text: Students in High Road at Denton Elementary School practiced using coping skills by creating "Calming Critters" when participating in a group counseling session with High Road Social Worker, Ileana Hoffman, LGSW. Group session focused on identifying feelings and exploring new coping tools. Ms. Ileana and students engaged in discussion about different feelings and knowing the signs your body gives you about what you're feeling. For example, when a student feels worried, his stomach may feel upset or when he is angry he may feel like his face is red. Students identified coping tools that help them manage their feelings at school such as asking for a self time-out or communicating with staff. Ms. Ileana introduced "Calming Critter" while emphasizing the goal for students to have a variety of skills they can use to manage their feelings. Students created their own "Calming Critter" by utilizing a variety of yarn colors and other craft supplies. Students displayed creativity by giving their critters unique hair cuts, creating eyes, feet, antennae, mouths, etc. When Calming Critters were finished, students learned how they can use their Calming Critters as a coping tool. Students practiced using their Calming Critters in a variety of ways such as whispering worries to the critter, holding it when angry or upset, and using it as a fidget tool when overexcited or when listening to their teacher read. Students were excited to have a Calming Critter to add to their coping skills tool box!

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A fun animated version of the fairytale, introducing an investigation into friction. Would make a good stimulus for a ramp investigation.
TES whiteboard activity that could be used as follow up to Rapunzel clip. A virtual version of the classic car on a ramp, friction vs. gravity, experiment. Choose either ramp angle or surface as the variable. Now run a series of tests, graphing the results.
This activity asks the pupils to identify the forces used to move an object. Several examples are given where the force (push, pull or twist) needs to be identified, eg to push a door open. The pupils are then asked to sort a collection of toys into those which are used by pulling or pushing.
Four primary teachers present their Great Lesson Ideas for teaching forces and motion in science.
A fun activity to help children learn about the effects of forces. Includes a worksheet.
A fun activity to help children learn about pushing and pulling forces.
BBC Bitesize resource to identify different forces. It includes a short animation about forces and short knowledge check questions.


text:
Trope comes from the Greek word, tropos, which means a "turn", as in heliotrope, a flower which turns toward the sun. We can imagine a trope as a way of turning a word away from its normal meaning, or turning it into something else.
Trope is a collection of Greasemonkey scripts. Trope scripts are active on sites utilizing user-generated tags to organize content and information into a folksonomy such as Flickr, del.icio.us, CiteULike, and Technorati. Trope places small links next to tags on these pages (Flickr and del.icio.us are currently supported) which allow you to search for these same tags on the other services.
How To Install Trope
You can start using this script by:
- Installing the Mozilla Firefox browser;
- Installing the Greasemonkey extension for Firefox;
- Installing Trope for del.icio.us and/or Trope for Flickr.
- Universal Design for Learning: Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is based on neurological research and imaging. The learning brain is divided into three interconnected networks: recognition (how one takes in the world), strategic (how one orders the world), and affect (how one connects–e.g., emotionally–with the world). One seminal idea behind UDL is the idea of multiple modes or media of representation. Trope supports information centered around a specific tag to be rendered in multiple modes, i.e., photographs (Flickr), resources in the form of web pages (del.icio.us), podcasts in the form of spoken words and/or music (Odeo), and (often) written work in the form of blogs (Technorati) or academic sources (CiteULike).
- Connectivism: Connectivism is billed as a learning theory for the networked world. It recognizes that information is often stored in nebulous chaotic networks, and learning is the sifting and evaluating of this knowledge in a social and communal framework. Trope serves as a conduit focused on the tag between the five knowledge managers (Flickr, del.icio.us, Odeo, CiteULike, and Technorati).
- More to come…
More to come…
To Do List
- Add functionality on Odeo and CiteULike pages
- Condense all Trope scripts into one "mega"-Trope script
- Add show/hide or a floating div for displaying the linked logos rather than having all linked logos displayed for every link on the page (e.g., pop-up floating div when mouse-over a taglink that also disappears when no longer over the tag link)
- Transform from Greasemonkey scripts to Firefox extension and allow the user to choose the various sites they want to search through

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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When doing a json_encode a multidimensional array in PHP, I'm noticing a different output simply by naming one of the arrays, as opposed to not naming them. For Example:
$arrytest = array(array('a'=>1, 'b'=>2),array('c'=>3),array('d'=>4));
gives a single array of multiple json objects
whereas simply assigning a name to the middle array
$arrytest = array(array('a'=>1, 'b'=>2),"secondarray"=>array('c'=>3),array('d'=>4));
creates a single json object with multiple json objects inside
why would the 1st option not return the same reasults as the 2nd execpt with "1" in place of "secondarray"
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json.org – squint May 28 '12 at 2:30
Felix Kling, why did you remove my json-encode tag? I'm not saying you shouldn't have, but rather I want to make sure I'm folllowing the correct procedure for tagging, being that json-encode is in my code, I though it would apply as a proper tag. – dangel May 28 '12 at 2:45
3 Answers 3
up vote 12 down vote accepted
In JSON, arrays [] only every have numeric keys, whereas objects {} have string properties. The inclusion of a array key in your second example forces the entire outer structure to be an object by necessity. The inner objects of both examples are made as objects because of the inclusion of string keys a,b,c,d.
If you were to use the JSON_FORCE_OBJECT option on the first example, you should get back a similar structure to the second, with the outer structure an object rather than an array. Without specifying that you want it as an object, the absence of string keys in the outer array causes PHP to assume it is to be encoded as the equivalent array structure in JSON.
// Force the outer structure into an object rather than array
echo json_encode($arrytest, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT);
// {"0":{"a":1,"b":2},"1":{"c":3},"2":{"d":4}}
share|improve this answer
Then why call it JAVASCRIPT OBJECT NOTATION, if it had nothing to do with Javascript. – Brendan May 28 '12 at 2:40
Makes sense now, thanks for that explanation I think that will get me headed in the right direction. – dangel May 28 '12 at 2:42
_USER_ Why does it have nothing to do with Javascript? – deceze May 28 '12 at 2:43
_USER_ An earlier comment providing context for this was removed. – Michael Berkowski May 28 '12 at 2:47
Yeah, now it looks stupid that I had that there. For reference, someone said JSON had nothing to do with Javascript. – Brendan May 28 '12 at 2:52
Arrays with continuous numerical keys are encoded as JSON arrays. That's just how it is. Why? Because it makes sense.
Since the keys can be expressed implicitly through the array encoding, there is no reason to explicitly encoded them as object keys.
See all the examples in the json_encode documentation.
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I'm not saying they shouldn't be, that's why I was asking the question. – dangel May 28 '12 at 2:37
At the first option you only have numeric indexes (0, 1 and 2). Although they are not explicitly declared, php automatically creates them.
At the second option, you declare one of the indexes as an string and this makes PHP internally transform all indexes to string.
When you json encode the first array, it's not necessary to show the integers in the generated json string because any decoder should be able to "guess" that they are 0, 1 and 2.
But in the second array, this is necessary, as the decoder must know the key value in your array.
It's pretty simple. No indexes declared in array? Them they are 0, 1, 2, 3 and so on.
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text:
Bird Feeders : Meadowlark
The Meadowlark is a short and stocky bird that can be described as having brown upper parts, yellow under parts, black breast, and pointed bill. It can be found in places like British Columbia, Manitoba, Michigan, Texas, Mexico, Utah, and Arkansas. It commonly dwells in areas like plains, meadows, and prairies. Meadowlarks prefer grasslands and areas with vegetation.
The diet of meadowlarks mainly consists of insects like crickets, grasshoppers, cut works and grubs. However they also eat seeds and grains. They feed more often than not on top of the ground or just beneath the soil.
If you want to attract meadowlarks into your feeder, make sure to set up perches by your feeder so that the meadowlark can perch on it while it feeds or sings. In addition, you have to protect secondary habitat types that meadowlarks like to inhabit, such as grasses and other vegetation. Avoid spraying insecticides near your feeder and put a lot of waste grains and seeds on the feeder to attract more meadowlarks. Do not spray herbicides on the weeds that bear seeds that meadowlarks eat. For this reason, it is also more beneficial to grow the weeds. Remember to protect the perch and feeder area with fence posts to protect the meadowlark against competition or predators.
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text:
The timing information for animations in the form of a cubic Bézier curve.
- iOS 10.0+
- Mac Catalyst 13.0+
- tvOS 10.0+
A cubic Bézier timing curve consists of a line whose starting point is (0, 0), whose end point is (1, 1), and whose shape is defined by two control points. The slope of the line at each point in time defines the speed of the animation at that time. Steep slopes cause animations to appear to run faster and shallower slopes cause them to appear to run slower. Figure 1 shows a timing curve where the animations start fast and finish fast but run more slowly through the middle section.


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In this classic paper, Sakai proves the following Radon-Nikodym theorem:
Let $M$ be a von Neumann algebra, and let $\phi$ and $\psi$ be two normal positive linear functionals on $M$. If $\psi \leq \phi$, then there is a positive operator $t_0\in M$ such that $0 \leq t_0 \leq 1$, and $\psi(x) = \phi(t_0 x t_0)$ for all $x \in M$.
The paper provides no uniqueness result. One would naively expect that any two such operators $t_0$ and $t_1$ would satisfy $\phi((t_1-t_0)^2)=0$. I can find no such statement in the literature. Is this true?
Please note that $\phi$ is not assumed to be faithful.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 4 down vote accepted
Such t_0 is unique if its support is at most p, where p is the support of ϕ. Note that we can replace t_0 by pt_0p and the support of pt_0p is at most p.
Without this additional condition t_0 is highly non-unique, because we can replace t_0 by t_0 + q, where q is an arbitrary self-adjoint element with support at most 1-p such that t_0 + q ≥ 0. Using simple algebraic manipulations one can show that all solutions can be obtained in this way.
See Lemma 15.4 (page 104) in Takesaki's book "Tomita's theory of modular Hilbert algebras and its applications". Electronic version: _URL_ [Note that Takesaki implicitly assumes that φ_0 is faithful, hence you need to introduce an additional condition on the support of h.]
One would naively expect that any two such operators t_0 and t_1 would satisfy ϕ((t_1−t_0)^2)=0.
This is a trivial corollary of the above statement characterizing all possible solutions.
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Thank you very much for the reference. I'm going to need some time to look at it. – Andre May 1 '10 at 10:42
Does this work if $M$ fails to have a faithful normal state? – Andre May 3 '10 at 22:08
Yes, the argument works for non σ-finite von Neumann algebras. (Actually, we can immediately restrict ourselves to the σ-finite von Neumann algebra pMp, where p is the support of ϕ.) – Dmitri Pavlov May 4 '10 at 1:15
Why is $pMp$ $\sigma$-finite? – Andre May 4 '10 at 6:37
Sorry, pMp is σ-finite only if ϕ is a state. For the case of general ϕ we can restrict our attention to all subalgebras of the form pMp, where p is a σ-finite subprojection of the support of ϕ. – Dmitri Pavlov May 4 '10 at 7:53
Does this paper have any relevance?
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As far as I can tell, this paper concerns another non-commutative Radon-Nikodym theorem in which the derivative is an element of $M'$. – Andre May 1 '10 at 9:44
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everything. And they talk about calling 911 and when you call and when you don't. Our pastor has even talked about it during a children's sermon!
The school is great about incorporating that stuff into other things. So when they are having fun dancing during gross motor skills, the teacher plays this current song that talks about fire burning, call 911 in the chorus. It's some song about hot girls in a club or something stupid... Teagan has no idea what the song is about but when it comes on the radio (which we rarely listen to anyway), she gets all excited and starts singing the call 911, there's a fire! part.
Renee said...
Beth, there's a great book for learning about 911: It's time to call 911; What to do in an emergency. My daughter learned about 911 at the age of 3 with the help of this book. I had an irrational thought that I might fall down the stairs someday and need her to know what to do (I grew up in the south with ranch houses and now live in three story townhouses in the east). With extra reinforcement, the book is a great tool!


text: We investigate the stationary and dynamical behavior of an Anderson localized chain coupled to a single central bound state. Although this coupling partially dilutes the Anderson localized peaks towards nearly resonant sites, the most weight of the original peaks remains unchanged. This leads to multifractal wave functions with a frozen spectrum of fractal dimensions, which is characteristic for localized phases in models with power-law hopping. Using a perturbative approach we identify two different dynamical regimes. At weak couplings to the central site, the transport of particles and information is logarithmic in time, a feature usually attributed to many-body localization. We connect such transport to the persistence of the Poisson statistics of level spacings in parts of the spectrum. In contrast, at stronger couplings the level repulsion is established in the entire spectrum, the problem can be mapped to the Fano resonance, and the transport is ballistic.


an argument. You'd either pay an expensive price on each call, or need to manually cache the value externally, polluting your namespace and adding verbosity.
2. Forcing bound parameters
A useful trick is to bind parameters of a lambda to the current binding of a variable when the lambda is created. For example:
funcs = [ lambda i=i: i for i in range(10)]
This returns a list of functions that return 0,1,2,3... respectively. If the behaviour is changed, they will instead bind i to the call-time value of i, so you would get a list of functions that all returned 9.
The only way to implement this otherwise would be to create a further closure with the i bound, ie:
def make_func(i): return lambda: i
funcs = [make_func(i) for i in range(10)]
3. Introspection
Consider the code:
def foo(a='test', b=100, c=[]):
 print a,b,c
We can get information about the arguments and defaults using the inspect module, which
>>> inspect.getargspec(foo)
(['a', 'b', 'c'], None, None, ('test', 100, []))
This information is very useful for things like document generation, metaprogramming, decorators etc.
Now, suppose the behaviour of defaults could be changed so that this is the equivalent of:
_undefined = object() # sentinel value
def foo(a=_undefined, b=_undefined, c=_undefined)
 if a is _undefined: a='test'
 if b is _undefined: b=100
 if c is _undefined: c=[]
However, we've lost the ability to introspect, and see what the default arguments are. Because the objects haven't been constructed, we can't ever get hold of them without actually calling the function. The best we could do is to store off the source code and return that as a string.
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you could achieve introspection also if for each there was a function to create the default argument instead of a value. the inspect module will just call that function. – yairchu Jul 16 '09 at 10:24
_USER_: I'm talking about if the behaviour was changed to recreate it - creating it once is the current behaviour, and why the mutable default problem exists. – Brian Jul 16 '09 at 10:59
_USER_: That assumes the construction is safe to so (ie has no side effects). Introspecting the args shouldn't do anything, but evaluating arbitrary code could well end up having an effect. – Brian Jul 16 '09 at 11:02
A different language design often just means writing things differently. Your first example could easily be written as: _expensive = expensive(); def foo(arg=_expensive), if you specifically don't want it reevaluated. – Glenn Maynard Jul 16 '09 at 18:23
_USER_ - that's what I was referring to with "cache the variable externally" - it is a bit more verbose, and you end up with extra variables in your namespace though. – Brian Jul 16 '09 at 19:04
This behavior is easy explained by:
 1. function (class etc.) declaration is executed only once, creating all default value objects
 2. everything is passed by reference
def x(a=0, b=[], c=[], d=0):
 a = a + 1
 b = b + [1]
 print a, b, c
 1. a doesn't change - every assignment call creates new int object - new object is printed
 2. b doesn't change - new array is build from default value and printed
 3. c changes - operation is performed on same object - and it is printed
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Your #4 could be confusing to people, since integers are immutable and so that "if" is not true. For instance, with d set to 0, d.__add__(1) would return 1, but d would still be 0. – Anon Jul 15 '09 at 23:45
(Actually, add is a bad example, but integers being immutable still is my main point.) – Anon Jul 15 '09 at 23:54
yes, that wasn't good example – ymv Jul 15 '09 at 23:57
Realized it to my chagrin after checking to see that, with b set to [], b.__add__([1]) returns [1] but also leaves b still [] even though lists are mutable. My bad. – Anon Jul 16 '09 at 0:03
_USER_: there is __iadd__, but it doesn't work with int. Of course. :-) – Veky May 8 at 13:16
This actually has nothing to do with default values, other than that it often comes up as an unexpected behaviour when you write functions with mutable default values.
>>> def foo(a):
 print a
>>> a = [5]
>>> foo(a)
[5, 5]
>>> foo(a)
[5, 5, 5]
>>> foo(a)
[5, 5, 5, 5]
>>> foo(a)
[5, 5, 5, 5, 5]
No default values in sight in this code, but you get exactly the same problem.
The problem is that foo is modifying a mutable variable passed in from the caller, when the caller doesn't expect this. Code like this would be fine if the function was called something like append_5; then the caller would be calling the function in order to modify the value they pass in, and the behaviour would be expected. But such a function would be very unlikely to take a default argument, and probably wouldn't return the list (since the caller already has a reference to that list; the one it just passed in).
Your original foo, with a default argument, shouldn't be modifying a whether it was explicitly passed in or got the default value. Your code should leave mutable arguments alone unless it is clear from the context/name/documentation that the arguments are supposed to be modified. Using mutable values passed in as arguments as local temporaries is an extremely bad idea, whether we're in Python or not and whether there are default arguments involved or not.
If you need to destructively manipulate a local temporary in the course of computing something, and you need to start your manipulation from an argument value, you need to make a copy.
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Although related, I think this is distinct behaviour (as we expect append to change a "in-place"). That a default mutable is not re-instantiated on each call is the "unexpected" bit... at least for me. :) – Andy Hayden Aug 24 '12 at 12:27
What you're asking is why this:
def func(a=[], b = 2):
isn't internally equivalent to this:
def func(a=None, b = None):
 a_default = lambda: []
 b_default = lambda: 2
 def actual_func(a=None, b=None):
 if a is None: a = a_default()
 if b is None: b = b_default()
 return actual_func
func = func()
except for the case of explicitly calling func(None, None), which we'll ignore.
In other words, instead of evaluating default parameters, why not store each of them, and evaluate them when the function is called?
One answer is probably right there--it would effectively turn every function with default parameters into a closure. Even if it's all hidden away in the interpreter and not a full-blown closure, the data's got to be stored somewhere. It'd be slower and use more memory.
share|improve this answer
It wouldn't need to be a closure - a better way to think of it would simply to make the bytecode creating defaults the first line of code - after all you're compiling the body at that point anyway - there's no real difference between code in the arguments and code in the body. – Brian Jul 16 '09 at 9:39
True, but it would still slow Python down, and it would actually be quite surprising, unless you do the same for class definitions, which would make it stupidly slow as you would have to re-run the whole class definition each time you instantiate a class. As mentioned, the fix would be more surprising than the problem. – Lennart Regebro Jul 16 '09 at 11:49
Agreed with Lennart. As Guido is fond of saying, for every language feature or standard library, there's someone out there using it. – Jason Baker Jul 16 '09 at 13:21
Changing it now would be insanity--we're just exploring why it is the way it is. If it did late default evaluation to begin with, it wouldn't necessarily be surprising. It's definitely true that such a core a difference of parsing would have sweeping, and probably many obscure, effects on the language as a whole. – Glenn Maynard Jul 16 '09 at 18:10
It's a performance optimization. As a result of this functionality, which of these two function calls do you think is faster?
def print_tuple(some_tuple=(1,2,3)):
 print some_tuple
print_tuple() #1
print_tuple((1,2,3)) #2
I'll give you a hint


text:
Measuring and Reporting Carbon
The Carbon Disclosure Project
The Carbon Disclosure Project is an independent, non-profit organization holding the largest database of primary corporate climate change information in the world.
The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)
The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is a network-based organization that has pioneered the development of the world's most widely used sustainability reporting framework. Sustainability reports based on the GRI framework can be used to benchmark organizational performance with respect to laws, norms, codes, performance standards and voluntary initiatives; demonstrate organizational commitment to sustainable development; and compare organizational performance over time.
Grenelle de l'Environnement
France's Grenelle de l'Environnement, or Environmental Roundtable, is an open multi-party debate that reunites government and organizations (industry, labor, professional associations, non-governmental organizations) in order to define new actions for sustainable development, including the Grenelle 2 eco-display bill that will roll out in 2012.
As part of the Grenelle 2 legislation, consumer goods companies will be displaying product-level environmental impacts.
The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC)
The Carbon Reduction Commitment (recently renamed the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme) is the UK's first mandatory carbon trading scheme. The aim of the CRC is to reduce the level of carbon emissions currently produced by the larger 'low energy-intensive' organizations by approximately 1.2 million tones of CO2 per year by 2020. The Carbon Reduction Commitment covers both public and private sector organizations and is expected to affect approximately 5,000 organizations in the UK. The scheme works in tandem with the existing European Union Emissions Trading Scheme and Climate Change Agreements.
The European Ecolabel
The European Ecolabel is a voluntary scheme to encourage businesses to market products and services that are kinder to the environment. The EU Ecolabel is part of a broader action plan on Sustainable Consumption and Production and Sustainable Industrial Policy adopted by the Commission.


text:
I am currently receiving Cancer treatments– Can I still receive meals from Meals on Wheels Inc. of Tarrant County? YES!
Meals On Wheels Recommended Meal Plan
Regular diet with a choice of Skim Milk, Low-Fat Milk, Chocolate Milk, or Calcium/Vitamin D Orange Juice.
What is the purpose of a diet for patients receiving cancer treatments?
Many patients receiving treatments for cancer show nutritional deficiencies. Nutritional care is important for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, recurrence risk reduction, and for relieving side effects of cancer and its treatment.
What are the nutritional recommendations of a diet for patients receiving treatment?
Specific modifications of the diet are based on patient tolerance, tumor site, treatment and associated side effects, stage of disease, and any preexisting diseases/disorders requiring nutrition therapy. Protein energy malnutrition is the most common secondary diagnosis in cancer patients. Increasing energy and protein intake is the most important intervention for improving nutritional status. Radiation-induced side effects can cause generalized poor intake of micronutrients which may result in deficiencies. Greater losses of electrolytes may occur with radiation-related nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Also, chemotherapy can have a direct effect on micronutrient levels.
Tips for eating when side effects of treatment are harsh:
- Small, frequent meals
- Energy-dense liquids between meals to meet fluid needs. Consume fluids 30 minutes before or after meals/snacks
- Limit intake of gas-producing foods
- Avoid high-fiber foods that may contribute to satiety and tend to be low in energy
- Foods should be chewed well and meals eaten slowly in a relaxed atmosphere
- Adjust fat intake to a tolerated level
- Use anti-nausea medications as prescribed
- Sip fluids separately from solid foods to help maintain hydration and settle stomach
- Fasting is discouraged as it may cause hypoglycemia and worsen nausea
- Small, frequents meals/snacks
- Cold or room temperature foods may be better tolerated
- Avoid high-fat, high-fiber, spicy, or gas-producing foods
- Alcohol is discouraged
- Wear loose clothing when eating


What is node VS NPM?
Asked By: Yunying Gorina | Last Updated: 4th April, 2020
Category: news and politics political issues
4.5/5 (19 Views. 25 Votes)
Node. js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices; npm: The package manager for JavaScript. npm is the command-line interface to the npm ecosystem.
Click to see full answer
Consequently, is node A NPM?
npm, short for Node Package Manager, is two things: first and foremost, it is an online repository for the publishing of open-source Node. js projects; second, it is a command-line utility for interacting with said repository that aids in package installation, version management, and dependency management.
Additionally, what is difference between node and NodeJS? NodeJS is just a cutesy name for Node. Node is an interpreter for Javascript, and Javascript files end in. js, so the standard thing for JS tools is to call them ToolJS whether that makes sense or not. Eh.
In this manner, what is NPM and why use it?
Do I need node JS for NPM?
js and npm. To publish and install packages to and from the public npm registry or your company's npm Enterprise registry, you must install Node. js and the npm command line interface using either a Node version manager or a Node installer. We strongly recommend using a Node version manager to install Node.
34 Related Question Answers Found
What is NPM full form?
npm (originally short for Node Package Manager) is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language. It consists of a command line client, also called npm, and an online database of public and paid-for private packages, called the npm registry.
Where is NPM installed?
The prefix config defaults to the location where node is installed. On most systems, this is /usr/local. On Windows, it's %AppData%npm. On Unix systems, it's one level up, since node is typically installed at {prefix}/bin/node rather than {prefix}/node.exe.
What is NPM in angular?
The Angular Framework, Angular CLI, and components used by Angular applications are packaged as npm packages and distributed via the npm registry. You can download and install these npm packages by using the npm CLI client, which is installed with and runs as a Node. By default, the Angular CLI uses the npm client.
What is NPM start?
npm start" is a run command from your scripts located in your package. json file. Usually "npm start" runs your server file. If you don't have a "start" script in your package. json file this command will run the default "node server.
What is Npmrc?
What is the. npmrc file? This file is a configuration file for NPM, it defines the settings on how NPM should behave when running commands.
What does NPM I mean?
16. The i is npm-install alias which is mentioned in _URL_ You can use it with all npm-install flags.
What is NPM install command?
What is Node JS for dummies?
Why should I use NPM?
NPM is a node package manager. It is basically used for managing dependencies of various server side dependencies. We can manages our server side dependencies manually as well but once our project's dependencies grow it becomes difficult to install and manage.
When should I use NPM install?
npm install downloads a package and it's dependencies. npm install can be run with or without arguments. When run without arguments, npm install downloads dependencies defined in a package. json file and generates a node_modules folder with the installed modules.
How do I use NPM?
As with npm init, the npm install command has a flag or two that you'll find useful in your workflow - it'll save you time and effort with regard to your project's package. json file. When you're running npm install to install a module, you can add the optional flag --save to the command.
What does NPM -- save do?
The --save option instructed NPM to include the package inside of the dependencies section of your package. json automatically, thus saving you an additional step.
Do I need to install NPM for every project?
It is not necessary to do "npm install" each time you want to compile. You just need to do it when you change the dependencies of your project. NPM basically is the package manager for node. It helps with installing various packages and resolving their various dependencies.
What does NPM run do?
The npm run command lets you define custom scripts in your package. json, so you can reduce complex node-related shell scripts into simple one-liners. In this article, you'll learn about common npm run use cases, including using npm run to pipe ES6 browser code through Babel and Browserify.
What are NPM modules?
NPM is a package manager for Node. js packages, or modules if you like. _URL_ hosts thousands of free packages to download and use. The NPM program is installed on your computer when you install Node.js. NPM is already ready to run on your computer!
How do I know if NPM is installed?
To see if Node is installed, open the Windows Command Prompt, Powershell or a similar command line tool, and type node -v. This should print a version number, so you'll see something like this v0. 10.35. Test NPM.
What is NPM update?
The command npm update updates all modules present in package. json to their latest versions. It installs the latest versions of modules from the npm repositories while respecting the caret and tilde dependencies specified in the package.


Does Germany Owe Greece War Reparations? – The Short Answer
How do you calculate reparations for something as catastrophic as WWII?
Were Germany to pay reparations for the whole of the destruction it caused during the war–the Nazis were estimated to have been responsible for the deaths of some 35 million people–it would be bankrupted many times over. Instead, what Greece is primarily looking for is restitution of credit Greeks were forced to give Germans during the war. Essentially this is payment for Greek goods that were "bought" with credit issued by the German central bank. Although the Syriza government has argued Germany owes Greece more than €150 billion, the actual figure is probably less than a tenth that–in the order of €11 billion to €13 billion based on guesstimates using GDP calculations–argues Albrecht Ritschl, an economic historian at the London School of Economics.
Would it be enough to make a dent in Greece's debt load?
It might sound a lot, but it's marginal in the context of Greek national debt which exceeds €300 billion. The real worry is if Germany paid Greece and then Europe's more industrialized occupied countries like France demanded Germany paid them too. Those debts would come to more than €2 trillion, some 70% to 80% of German GDP. Enough "to make Europe's debt crisis disappear," Mr. Ritschl argued, but also a big burden to the German economy.
Does Greece have a legal leg to stand on?
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Personalized Envelope Mailed Message Special Unique Communicatio
27 February, 2020
What is hyper-personalization and why do analysts predict that it's the future of marketing?
Several recognized analysts state that successful digital marketing comes from hyper-personalized marketing.
 - "80% of marketers who have invested in personalization will in ~5 years abandon their efforts due to lack of ROI, based on weak data access, integration and protection" – Gartner Dec 19.
 - "Quantifiable results in marketing will come from Hyper-personalization that utilize AI and real-time behavioral data to deliver highly relevant engagement at the right time" – GP Bullhound Feb 20.
What is the difference between personalized and hyper-personalized?
 - Personalization is to incorporate info like name, title, purchase history, etc.
 - Hyper-personalization goes one step further and utilizes behavioral and real-time data to create highly contextual communication that is relevant to the user at the right time.
 - Accenture ( predicts that 75% of consumers are be more likely to purchase from someone whose offerings are personalized to the individual preferences.
 Smart retargeting for Brands enables Brands to get access in real-time to customer journey data at local e-tailers, which means they can educate, influence and convert their product visitors, when most important to do so.
 how brands are using hyper personalization
 /Leif Sundström, CEO of re:nable


text:
I think fault tolerance is the most important aspect of distributed algorithms, for two reasons: 1) in practice, things break, and you want your data / system to continue working. 2) If you assume there are no failures, things get "easy". Many, many problems become trivially solved; and that's just boring!
So you're convinced that fault tolerance is important, but why do I need to dedicate a post to it? Fault tolerance is not only important, it is also very hard to achieve. In fact, there are quite a few problems that can't be solved if there are failures. (Can't be solved, until we strengthen our assumptions, or change something in the setting.)
To see why fault tolerance is hard, let's consider an example from a near by field: the RAID 5 storage. In RAID 5 you have an array of n disks, and you read/write data to them. To support the scenario when one of these disks fails, when you want to write n-1 bits, you write a single bit to each disk, and in the nth disk you write the xor of all the n-1 bits. That way, if some disk is ruined, its content can be recovered by xor-ing the data of the working disks.
RAID 5 is a cool idea, and it seems to be pretty straightforward to implement. There are two assumptions underlying the above description that make everything much easier: 1) when you write data to the disks, you either succeed or fail, and you know immediately which happened; 2) there is some centralized controller that ensures that at most one write occurs at any given moment. In essence, this means that the type of failures you're dealing with are less "distributed" in their nature.
Now, let's turn to a distributed system, which has n servers, each one storing data for read/write access. We want everything to be fault tolerant, s.t. everything continues to work if a single server fails. How can we implement the RAID 5 concepts in such a system? Suppose each time we want to write n-1 bits, we send each bit to a different server and the xor of all the bits is sent to the nth server.
But, what if two different clients try to write different values to the same location? In the RAID 5 original setting, we had a controller to streamline the writes. If we add a controller server, then we have a single point of failure, and if the controller server fails then the system grinds to a halt. If we don't add a controller, then it is possible that n-1 bits of one value will be written, together with the xor of the bits of the second value.
Even if we have a simpler setting, in which the same bit is written to all the servers (i.e., instead of writing n-1 different bits of data to n server, the same single bit is written to all servers), we still have the same problem. Either we have a central coordinator (creating a single point of failure) or we need to handle the case when multiple writes occur concurrently. Actually, we don't even need to have multiple writes. Suppose a client starts writing its bit to the n servers, and after writing to half of the server, the client crashes. Now, another client tries to read the value from the servers. What result should be returned?
A possible solution would be to say something like "read the value from all the servers, and return what the majority says". Such a solution is very unstable. Suppose half of the servers receive the "write 1" command, while almost half didn't. In such a setting, a single server's failure could change the answer to "what data is written in the system". It could actually get worse: if one of the servers doesn't crash, but instead has message drops; leading to different clients getting different majorities, and thus deciding differently if it's a 1 or not.
To sum up, I hope I've managed to convince you that fault tolerance in distributed systems is both important and hard. I also hope you find the problem interesting, I certainly do, and in the next few posts I'll try to dive a bit more into this area.


text:
alleviated (part of speech: verb)
vindicated (part of speech: verb)
qualified (part of speech: verb)
- Yet fury had mitigated his terror. - "The Mysterious Rider", Zane Grey.
- Besides the remainder of the company who gradually assembled in the hall, congratulated each other on the excellent hunting weather which had mitigated the heat of the preceding day. - "The Children of the World", Paul Heyse.
- A closer resemblance - as I have more than once taken occasion to notice - may be found between the Peruvian institutions and some of the despotic governments of Eastern Asia; those governments where despotism appears in its more mitigated form, and the whole people, under the patriarchal sway of its sovereign, seem to be gathered together like the members of one vast family. - "History-of-the-Conquest-of-Peru-with-a-preliminary-view-of-the-civilization-of-the-Incas", Prescott, William Hickling.


text: Since the time of Augustine, the pneuma (i.e., Spirit) of God has often been assumed to be a non-corporeal substance. However, an influx of more recent studies have begun to explore the corporeal dimensions of God as discussed in earliest Christianity. In particular, scholars such as Troels Engberg-Pedersen, Dale Martin, and Troy Martin have paved the way in Pauline Studies for understanding pneuma as a physiological, corporeal substance, instead of viewing it primarily as a metaphor. In 2014, I published an article reinforcing these concepts by connecting pneuma with "Abraham's Seed" (Galatians 3:29) through a physiological explanation. In this presentation, I will further test the hypothesis of a corporeal pneuma by examining the concept of "Abraham's Seed" within several early church writings to see whether or not any traces of this corporeal concept of pneuma can be detected.


Convert G℧ to n℧ (Gigamho to Nanomho)
Gigamho into Nanomho
Measurement Categorie:
Original value:
Original unit:
Target unit:
 numbers in scientific notation
Direct link to this calculator:
Convert Gigamho to Nanomho (G℧ to n℧):
 3. From the selection list, choose the unit that corresponds to the value you want to convert, in this case 'Gigamho [G℧]'.
With this calculator, it is possible to enter the value to be converted together with the original measurement unit; for example, '784 Gigamho'. In so doing, either the full name of the unit or its abbreviation can be usedas an example, either 'Gigamho' or 'G℧'. Then, the calculator determines the category of the measurement unit of measure that is to be converted, in this case 'Electric conductance'. After that, it converts the entered value into all of the appropriate units known to it. In the resulting list, you will be sure also to find the conversion you originally sought. Alternatively, the value to be converted can be entered as follows: '31 G℧ to n℧' or '24 G℧ into n℧' or '4 Gigamho -> Nanomho' or '55 G℧ = n℧' or '28 Gigamho to n℧' or '46 G℧ to Nanomho' or '80 Gigamho into Nanomho'. For this alternative, the calculator also figures out immediately into which unit the original value is specifically to be converted. Regardless which of these possibilities one uses, it saves one the cumbersome search for the appropriate listing in long selection lists with myriad categories and countless supported units. All of that is taken over for us by the calculator and it gets the job done in a fraction of a second.
Furthermore, the calculator makes it possible to use mathematical expressions. As a result, not only can numbers be reckoned with one another, such as, for example, '(58 * 63) G℧'. But different units of measurement can also be coupled with one another directly in the conversion. That could, for example, look like this: '784 Gigamho + 2352 Nanomho' or '10mm x 14cm x 48dm =? cm^3'. The units of measure combined in this way naturally have to fit together and make sense in the combination in question.
How many Nanomho make 1 Gigamho?
1 Gigamho [G℧] = 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 Nanomho [n℧] - Measurement calculator that can be used to convert Gigamho to Nanomho, among others.


text:
Linking Home-Based Child Care And State-Funded Preschool
The Community Connections Preschool Program (Illinois Action for Children)
Publication Date: May 2011
Introduction to the Community Connections Program Model
The Community Connections preschool program (herein referred to as Community Connections) was developed to help prepare children in home-based child care for success in school and in life. It has three goals: (1) to make state prekindergarten classroom experiences available to children in home-based care, (2) to extend classroom learning experiences in the home-based care setting, and (3) to support infant and toddler development in participating providers' homes.
In this model, state prekindergarten (Illinois "Preschool for All") classrooms provide half-day sessions four days per week for 3- and 4-year-old children coming from home-based child care. On the fifth day, the teachers visit children's care providers; delivering books and educational materials, modeling ways to extend curriculum activities, and discussing children's learning in the classroom. While preschoolers are in classrooms away from the home-based care setting, providers have precious time to focus on the needs of infants and toddlers in their care.
Illinois Action for Children (herein referred to as IAFC) created the Community Connections program model in 2005 as Illinois was rapidly expanding its state prekindergarten program, which would ultimately change from serving exclusively at-risk children to become "Preschool for All." As the Preschool for All program grew, it became clear that large numbers of preschoolers in home-based care were being left out.
Home-based care is the only option for many parents in low-wage jobs because those jobs tend to require non-traditional work hours – evenings, weekends, and changing shifts – when child care centers are closed. In Illinois, 67% of low-income single mothers with children under six work non-traditional hours (Illinois Action for Children, 2006). These mothers overwhelmingly choose home-based child care, usually provided by family, friends and neighbors. According to Illinois Child Care Assistance Program data, among families using the Child Care Assistance Program in Cook County, 58% have enrolled their children in home-based child care (22% in licensed homes and 36% in license-exempt Family, Friend and Neighbor care).
While home-based child care is a significant community asset, preschool-age children tend to learn cognitive school readiness skills best in classroom settings (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network, 2002). In 2005, IAFC developed Community Connections to support home-based child care while adding a classroom-based experience to the children's day. This new program represents a third model through which state prekindergarten services are delivered in Illinois. The two most common models are part-day school-based programs and full-day programs delivered in conjunction with child care centers. As a third model, Community Connections has the potential to reach a large population of unserved children.
Community Connections Program Evaluation: Phase I Implementation Study
The Illinois State Board of Education has requested evidence that the Community Connections mixed model works before making funding available for it statewide. Education agencies in other states are expected to ask the same question.
Community Connections is a mixed model, incorporating classroom-based and homeproviderbased elements. As such, it represents a significant departure from the common state prekindergarten models, which are entirely classroom-based. While research conducted on Early Head Start and Parents as Teachers models has suggested that specific mixed models are effective (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006; Parents as Teachers National Center, 2007), IAFC and its state education agency are seeking evidence specific to the Community Connections model.
In Phase 1 of a two phase evaluation, IAFC asked Child Trends and the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) to conduct a study to examine model clarity, fidelity, and the implementation of Community Connections. Phase 2, to take place after implementation issues are identified and addressed, will be an outcomes study.
This report describes the methodology and presents the findings of Phase 1 of the evaluation of the Community Connections model, the implementation study. Central to the methodology, described in detail below, were comprehensive interviews with members of the five groups participating in, or "connected" through, Community Connections: the complete cadre of Preschool for All coordinators at IAFC, as well as samples of participating center directors, classroom teachers and assistant teachers, home-based care providers, and parents of participating children. In addition to interviews, quality observations were conducted with the home-based providers in their care settings, with each observation focused on a child participating in Community Connections. Review of participation data maintained by IAFC informed selection of the centers for the study, as well as the range of home-based providers affiliated with those centers from which to recruit the sample. As described more fully later, recruitment efforts were successful with licensed providers, all of whom were English-speaking, but not with license-exempt providers, who may have felt uncomfortable being observed.
The results section of the report opens by summarizing the reactions, which were predominately enthusiastic, to participating in Community Connections from the coordinators, center directors, center teachers, home providers, and parents; as well as their impressions, also heavily favorable, of the model and its benefits to them and their children. This section goes on to review interview responses and program documents for insights into how well the model is achieving its first goal: making preschool classroom experiences available to children who would not otherwise have them. Findings follow from the quality observations of the home-based care settings conducted with the Child Care Assessment Tool for Relatives (CCAT-R). Highlights from the observations include good caregiver engagement with the focal child and good-toadequate caregiver and child language factors. Conducted once in the spring, the observations provided a view of Community Connections' home-based care well into the program year, but not an opportunity for comparison with care at the outset of the year.
The results section then discusses respondents' perceptions of benefits/targeted effects of the program and concludes with an analysis of respondents' descriptions of the key activities of the Community Connections model specifically, as well as Preschool for All in general, their sense of challenges facing the model, and ideas for meeting those challenges. Targeted effects of the program discussed by respondents included new or stronger connections among parents, centers, and home-based providers; perceptions of improvements in the center classroom and home-based care setting; perceived improvements in children's learning; and business/personal benefits to participating in the program. There was a high degree of shared understanding of core model components. Nevertheless, responses suggested a need for more specificity about some components. In identifying challenges, teachers and providers expressed the need for more training and support in some areas. For example, teachers wished for additional guidance in scheduling and making the best use of their visits with providers in their homes. Also, parents, providers, and teachers all expressed concerns about the effectiveness of the special occasions and events offered to bring parents and/or providers together at the centers with teachers.
The report concludes with recommendations to IAFC, based on the findings, for strengthening the Community Connections model and its implementation. These recommendations are provided to facilitate readiness of the program for formal evaluation of outcomes, so that the Illinois State Board of Education can extend it throughout Illinois, and so that education agencies in other states can adapt it to their prekindergarten programs.


text: Reiki Level Three Quiz Use this quick quiz to see how much you can remember some specific details of the course. The Universal Symbol represents the unity of the elements of creation. How many elements does it represent? 1 3 5 7 The distance healing symbol is based on five kanji. Which of the following translations is incorrect? Correct thought is the essence of being. Great bright light. Correct mindfulness is the essence of being. The true human being is not separated from Buddha consciousness. When blessing a space with Reiki, in which direction do you begin? North East South West Which of the following are essential items in your work as a Reiki professional? a massage table incense spiritual music none of the above If you are human, leave this field blank. Find out how to use this manual on your courses.If you want to teach Reiki courses using this manual, find out about professional membership.Ask a question Comment / Question Comment / Question Name Email * Submit If you are human, leave this field blank.


text:
In this document
- Defining Styles
- Applying Styles and Themes to the UI
- Using Platform Styles and Themes
A style is a collection of properties that
specify the look and format for a
View or window.
A style can specify properties such as height, padding, font color, font size,
background color, and much more. A style is defined in an XML resource that is
separate from the XML that specifies the layout.
Styles in Android share a similar philosophy to cascading stylesheets in web design—they allow you to separate the design from the content.
For example, by using a style, you can take this layout XML:
And turn it into this:
All of the attributes related to style have been removed from the layout XML and put into a
style definition called
CodeFont, which is then applied with the
attribute. You'll see the definition for this style in the following section.
A theme is a style applied to an entire
application, rather than an individual
View (as in the example above). When a
style is applied as a theme, every View in the Activity or application will apply each style
property that it supports. For example, you can apply the same
as a theme for an Activity and then all text inside that Activity will have green monospace
To create a set of styles, save an XML file in the
directory of your project. The name of the XML file is arbitrary, but it must use the
.xml extension and be saved in the
The root node of the XML file must be
For each style you want to create, add a
 element to the file
name that uniquely identifies the style (this attribute is required).
Then add an
<item> element for each property of that style, with a
name that declares the style property and a value to go with it (this attribute
is required). The value for the
be a keyword string, a hex color, a reference to another resource type, or other value
depending on the style property.
Here's an example file with a single style:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <style name="CodeFont" parent="_USER_:style/TextAppearance.Medium"> <item name="android:layout_width">fill_parent</item> <item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item> <item name="android:textColor">#00FF00</item> <item name="android:typeface">monospace</item>
Each child of the
 element is converted into an application resource
object at compile-time, which can be referenced by the value in the
name attribute. This example style can be referenced from an XML layout as
_USER_/CodeFont (as demonstrated in the introduction above).
parent attribute in the
 element is optional and
specifies the resource ID of another style from which this style should inherit
properties. You can then override the inherited style properties if you want to.
Remember, a style that you want to use as an Activity or application theme is defined in XML exactly the same as a style for a View. A style such as the one defined above can be applied as a style for a single View or as a theme for an entire Activity or application. How to apply a style for a single View or as an application theme is discussed later.
parent attribute in the
<style> element lets you specify a style
from which your style should inherit properties.
You can use this to inherit properties from an existing style and
then define only the properties that you want to change or add. You can
inherit from styles that you've created yourself or from styles that are built into the
platform. (See Using Platform Styles and Themes, below, for
information about inheriting from styles defined by the Android platform.) For example, you can
inherit the Android platform's default text appearance and then modify it:
<style name="GreenText" parent="_USER_:style/TextAppearance"> <item name="android:textColor">#00FF00</item>
If you want to inherit from styles that you've defined yourself, you do not have to use
parent attribute. Instead, just prefix the name of the style you want to
inherit to the name of your new style, separated by a period. For example, to create a new style
that inherits the
CodeFont style defined above, but make the color red,
you can author the new style like this:
 <item name="android:textColor">_TAG_</item>
Notice that there is no
parent attribute in the
 tag, but because
name attribute begins with the
CodeFont style name (which
is a style that you have created), this style inherits all style properties from that style. This
style then overrides the
android:textColor property to make the text red. You can
reference this new style as
You can continue inheriting like
this as many times as you'd like, by chaining names with periods. For example, you can
CodeFont.Red to be bigger, with:
<style name="CodeFont.Red.Big"> <item name="android:textSize">30sp</item>
This inherits from both
CodeFont.Red styles, then adds the
Note: This technique for inheritance by chaining together
names only works for styles defined by your own resources. You can't inherit Android built-in styles
this way. To reference a built-in style, such as
TextAppearance, you must
Now that you understand how a style is defined, you need to learn what kind
of style properties—defined by the
 element—are available.
You're probably familiar with some already, such as
textColor. Of course, there are many more style properties you can use.
The best place to find properties that apply to a specific
View is the
corresponding class reference, which lists all of the supported XML attributes. For example, all of the
attributes listed in the table of
attributes can be used in a style definition for a
TextView element (or one of
its subclasses). One of the attributes listed in the reference is
android:inputType, so where you might normally place the
attribute in an
 element, like this:
You can instead create a style for the
EditText element that includes this property:
 <item name="android:inputType">number</item>...
So your XML for the layout can now implement this style:
This simple example may look like more work, but when you add more style properties and factor-in the ability to re-use the style in various places, the pay-off can be huge.
For a reference of all available style properties, see the
reference. Keep in mind that all View objects don't accept all the same style attributes, so you
should normally refer to the specific
View class for supported style
properties. However, if you
apply a style to a View that does not support all of the style properties, the View will
apply only those properties that are supported and simply ignore the others.
Some style properties, however, are not supported by any View element and can only be applied
as a theme. These style properties apply to the entire window and not to any type of View.
For example, style properties for a theme can hide the application title, hide the status bar,
or change the window's background. These kind of style properties do not belong to any View object.
To discover these theme-only style properties, look at the
R.attr reference for
attributes that begin with
window. For instance,
windowBackground are style properties that are effective only when the style is applied as
a theme to an Activity or application. See the next section for information about applying a
style as a theme.
Note: Don't forget to prefix the property names in each
 element with the
android: namespace. For example:
Applying Styles and Themes to the UI
There are two ways to set a style:
- To an individual View, by adding the
styleattribute to a View element in the XML for your layout.
- Or, to an entire Activity or application, by adding the
android:themeattribute to the
element in the Android manifest.
When you apply a style to a single
View in the layout, the properties
defined by the style are applied only to that
View. If a style is applied to a
ViewGroup, the child
View elements will
not inherit the style properties—only the element to which you directly apply
the style will apply its properties. However, you can apply a style so that it
applies to all
View elements—by applying the style as a theme.
To apply a style definition as a theme, you must apply the style to an
Activity or application in the Android manifest. When you do so,
View within the Activity or
application will apply each property that it supports. For example, if you apply the
CodeFont style from the previous examples to an Activity, then all View elements
that support the text style properties will apply them. Any View that does not support
the properties will ignore them. If a View supports only some


Aik Designs
——- Creative Solutions ——-
How To Improve Employee Job Satisfaction
4 min read
How To Improve Employee Job Satisfaction
Happy employees bring in increased productivity, better customer service and company loyalty so any effort take to improve employee job satisfaction will positively effect both the company's top and bottom line.
1. Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention
Employee satisfaction is a reliable predictor of employee retention simply because happy employees are less likely to leave. When employers engage in practices that support a good working environment which allows relationships to be cultivated, employees feel their work is appreciated. When they don't feel their effort is being acknowledged or simply don't like the way the things are run, they usually end up going somewhere else, just like they would if someone offers them a bigger salary. But believe it or not, studies show money on its own is not enough to motivate employees. What is considered as the most important aspect of job satisfaction is the respectful treatment of employees at all levels. Therefore, employees need more than a financial reward to be more productive, stay committed and loyal.
According to a report from The Engagement institute, employees who are disengaged cost U.S. companies up to $550 billion a year so it in employer's best interest to focus on ways to improve employee satisfaction.
2. Tips On Improving Job Satisfaction
The best approach to improving job satisfaction is by focusing on its most important aspects.
The work culture
The culture of an organization is influenced by the behaviors of its leadership that needs to set an example for others to follow. Respect for others can be demonstrated through open communication and internal policies that honor employees, including their personality, contribution and point of view.
Expand job benefits
You need to explore the benefits that employees appreciate and value and make sure the package you offer is competitive by benchmarking within the industry and compared to other companies. Besides the pay, there is health and medical, paid time off, contribution plans, pension plans, family-friendly benefits and work-life balance.
Foster job security
In these uncertain times, employers can help ease the anxiety by communicating with employees about the financial state of the organization, strategic goals and objectives, along with overall performance. When employees know their employer is doing well, they feel their jobs are secure.
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Strengthen trust and enforce open communication with senior management
Communication is often a key factor in trust. It makes even bad news easier to share.
Resolving job dissatisfaction requires a diligent effort on the part of employers. Identifying dissatisfaction is the first step and resolving it takes creativity, from open communication to focusing on consistent application of company policy that needs to be mended if necessary to employees are able to trust their leaders.
Make your company greener
Studies show that employees tend to be happier when working for a greener company. Being better to the planet helps a company hire better people as new generations want to work for sustainable companies. The green approach becomes the source of employee pride and it implies the company cares about its workforce. The story of "it's business, not personal" is a thing of the past as people want to work for a company whose values aligns with their personal ones. There are plenty of other and tangible benefits of investing in making your company greener such as a lower PECO utility bill and enhanced reputation that brings in more revenue and pricing power as even consumers value sustainable companies, so much that they are willing to pay a premium for their offerings. But, many companies these days are accused of greenwashing as employees find that what initially attracted them are just words and no action, and such resentful employees are likely to leave the company. Let your green actions speak for themselves.
Provide opportunities for professional growth
From offering training to opportunities for career advancement, employees want to know that there are opportunities within the organization to grow and advance their careers.
Don't forget about the stick
Employees become quickly disillusioned when they discover not everyone is subject to the same rules. Carrots are good, but for them to be effective, there needs to be a stick as well as employees need to be aware that there are consequences associated with poor performance. Inconsistent application of employee rewards is just as demoralizing.
Being consistent yields results. Whatever approach you decide on, you need to install it in a disciplined manner and make sure it is applied at every single level of your organization. At the end of the day, your company is made from its people so any effort in improving job satisfaction is a direct investment into your company's wellbeing.
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The Wesleyan Connection
Why have a Center for the Study of Religious Freedom at Virginia Wesleyan, a small Methodist liberal arts college? The answer is simple.
Liberal Arts Education
Religious and cultural pluralism are prominent features of our complex and rapidly changing world. If we are to be engaged and productive citizens, we must learn to appreciate diverse perspectives and worldviews. A liberal arts education helps prepare students to do this.
At Virginia Wesleyan, the Center supports this educational goal through its interdisciplinary courses, interfaith forums, and other events.
United Methodist Heritage
Religious freedom has always been part of the Methodist tradition. The United Methodist Church recognizes religious freedom as a basic human right for persons of all faiths. The Church's social principles support the separation of church and state and strongly condemn all forms of religious intolerance.
United Methodist Church Resolution on Religious Liberty
United Methodist Church Resolution on Separation of Church and State
United Methodist Church Social Principle on Church and State Relations
United Methodist Church Social Principle on Rights of Religious Minorities
The United Methodist Church declares religious liberty, the freedom of belief, to be a basic human right. Religious liberty includes the freedom to doubt or to deny the existence of God, and to refrain from observing religious practices. We believe it is the right of a person to be allowed to follow the call of conscience when it becomes impossible to live by both the dictates of the state and the decisions of faith.- United Methodist Church Resolution on Religious Liberty


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Main goals of SAFER project
The main goal of SAFER project is to prevent, encourage reporting and combat gender-based violence (GBV) against children.
The consortium's efforts focus in fostering a systematic approach in cultivating life skills, building healthy relationships, adopting and maintaining values, (such as, respect, justice) and increasing resilience and personal strength.
The project aims at sensitizing and increasing awareness of primary school teachers, students, parents and relevant stakeholders regarding GBV.
In anticipation of the project's implementation, all the partners of the consortium will have provided teachers with relevant important materials enabling them to discuss about GBV in their classroom, to challenge existing gender stereotypes and to ultimately prevent GBV.
Designing and developing a survey
Data collections from questionnaires/interviews and Focus Groups with primary teachers, students, principals and policy makers
Statistical analysis of results in every country
Comparative analysis of all countries' results
Development of Training and Educational Package for teachers
Pilot all materials and exchange good practices among the trainers and teachers
Awareness Raising activities:
Development of Cartoon
Development of Short Video
Various Raising Awareness Events


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AL Amyloidosis
Definition of the disease
Clinical description
Diagnostic methods
Differential diagnosis
Epidemiology of AL amyloidosis
Clinical characteristics
Systemic AL amyloidosis
Table 1 Updated definition of organ involvement in AL amyloidosis
Figure 1
Localized AL amyloidosis
In some patients, AL amyloidosis is a localized phenomenon, related to deposition of monoclonal LC close to their synthesis by a focal plasma cell clone. Most patients do not have evidence of monoclonal gammopathy. The bladder, urinary tract, tracheobronchial system, lungs, larynx, ocular globe and skin are the main organs or tissues involved in localized AL amyloidosis [15, 18, 19] (Figure 1 G-H).
Diagnosis of AL amyloidosis
Figure 2
Diagnosis of amyloid heart involvement
Differential diagnosis
Management including treatment
Specific treatment
Table 2 Updated hematologic (immunochemical) response criteria
Table 3 Results of main multicenter and single-center studies of HDM/SCT in AL amyloidosis
Table 4 Results of main studies of conventional treatment in AL amyloidosis
Conventional chemotherapy
Table 5 Updated organ response criteria
Novel agents
Localized AL amyloidosis
Symptomatic treatment
Unresolved questions
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To keep your KLUDI fitting as shiny as it was on day one – even years later – we have compiled a few recommendations on caring for your fittings here.
tips for cleaning and caring
- 1. Use the right cleaning agent
For everyday care, please use neutral cleaning agents and water only. To remove stubborn limescale deposits, you can use a cleaning agent containing citric acid. Avoid cleaning agents containing the following chemicals:
- Acetic acid (also known as ethanoic acid or acidum aceticum)
- Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid, acidum hydrochloricum)
- Formic acid (methanoic acid, formylic acid, metacarbonic acid, hydrogen carboxylic acid)
- Sodium hypochlorite (bleach, sodium oxychloride)
- Phosphoric acid (E 338).
Stainless steel fittings may be damaged by cleaning agents containing hydrofluoric acid and chlorine.
- 2. The right cleaning utensil
Rinse the fittings with plenty of water and polish them with a soft cloth. Do not use scouring agents, steel wool, brushes, sponge pads or microfibre cloths to clean fittings. They can damage and scratch the surface of your fitting.
- 3. Follow the care instructions
Care instructions are included with all of our KLUDI products. We recommend holding onto them and consulting them when in doubt.
- 4. Prevent limescale deposits
Prevent build-up of dirt and limescale deposits by cleaning regularly. Thanks to the flexible nubs, the head and hand showers are generally easy to clean with your finger. All you have to do is rub them gently to remove any limescale.
- 5. Do not apply cleaning agents directly
If possible, do not spray the cleaning agent directly onto the fitting. Instead, apply the cleaning agent to a soft cloth and wipe the surface gently. You can then rinse with clean water.
- 6. Rinse with clean water
Afterwards, rinse off any remaining cleaning agent with clean – ideally hot – water. Finally, we recommend polishing lightly with a soft cloth to prevent new limescale deposits forming.
- 7. Test gentler alternatives
Light soiling can sometimes be removed using just water and conventional soap. Gentle cleaning increases the service life of the fitting.
- 8. Don't forget the aerator
Daily use can cause limescale to build up quickly on the surface of fittings in kitchens and bathrooms, depending on the lime content in the water. The aerator – the screen in the fitting spout – can also become blocked by limescale deposits. That can cause the fitting to splash or drip. For this reason, don't forget to look after the inside of the fitting when cleaning. If in doubt, a plumber can easily replace an aerator.
- 9. Clean the head and hand shower
To maintain a beautiful spray, all you have to do is wipe the silicon nubs of the head or hand shower regularly by hand. We make the spray nozzles from a special flexible silicon to allow you to rub over them, thus preventing the build-up of limescale. Child's play – It couldn't be easier!


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American corporate law has long drawn a bright line between for-profit and non-profit corporations. In recent years, hybrid or social enterprises have increasingly put this bright-line distinction to the test. This Article asks what we can learn about the purpose of the American business corporation by examining its history and development in the United States in its formative period from roughly _PHONE_. This brief history of corporate purpose suggests that the duty to maximize profits in the for-profit corporation is a relatively recent development. Historically, the American business corporation grew out of an earlier form of corporation that was neither for-profit nor nonprofit in today's parlance but rather, served a multitude of municipal, religious, charitable, educational, and eventually business purposes in early nineteenth-century New England. The purposes of early American business corporations—rather than maximization of profit to private shareholders— were often overtly public, involving development of local transportation, finance, and other much-needed economic infrastructure. With the rise of factory-based manufacturing, railroads, and other capital-intensive industries in the middle decades of the nineteenth century and the advent of general incorporation statutes, the purpose of the American business corporation shifted fundamentally from public to private. By 1860, the stage was set for the modern firm. This Article concludes that the corporation has no intrinsic purpose. The corporation's defining features are separate legal personality and the ability to aggregate capital toward any otherwise lawful end, whether for-profit or nonprofit. Social enterprises today more closely resemble the early American business corporation than the profit-maximizing modern firm. Social enterprise should be seen less as a legally uncertain novelty than a return to the business corporation's nineteenth-century American roots. Finally, this Article suggests potential limitations for social enterprise.
"Of Bodies Politic and Pecuniary: A Brief History of Corporate Purpose"
Areas of Interest
Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review


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overlap the skycell. Click the Visible button and then the Set Region button to get only the catalog sources that are in the currently visible region of the image. That is much faster when only a small portion of the image is being viewed. The selected region remains fixed as you zoom and pan the image until you click the Set Region button again to change it to match the current viewport. When the region is changed, any catalogs that have been overlaid on the image are automatically reloaded.
Additional options for the PS1 catalog are available by clicking on PS1 controls. Currently the only option is to filter the catalog using the number of filters & epochs at which objects were detected. That is useful for filtering out single-epoch detections, which are often spurious. The default is nDetections>2, which produces a clean catalog but omits some faint objects.
Scripted image downloads and image cutout extractions
This section describe how to extract images using a script. In the near future an example Python script will be shown that finds and downloads FITS cutout images. Currently a high level description of the necessary web services is presented. Please ask _EMAIL_ if you need more details.
There are three basic services for accessing the PS1 images:
|Get list of images||_URL_ a table with a list of available images at a given RA, Dec position or for a given skycell.|
|Download a file||_URL_ access a single file identified using the above query.|
|Get image cutout||_URL_ a cutout image with a portion of a particular image. The image can be returned in FITS or JPEG format. For JPEG images, the image can be shrunk or expanded to a target output size.|
Image List Service
The image list service, _URL_ has a few parameters to determine which images are returned:
|skycell||skycell=1405.053||Any PS1 mmmm.nnn skycell||Return images associated with a known PS1 skycell|
|ra, dec||ra=334.0&dec=2.0||J2000 RA & Dec in degrees||Alternative to skycell: Return the image that covers the specified RA/Dec position.|
|filters||filters=griz||Any subset of grizy||Return only images from the specified filters. Default is all 5 PS1 filters (grizy).|
|type||type=stack,stack.wt||Comma-separated list of many choices||Include various auxiliary images. Default is stack; some common choices include stack.wt (weight image), stack.mask, and stack.exp (exposure time). The other available options are stack.num, stack.expwt, stack.psf, stack.mdc, and stack.cmf. Currently we do not have documentation for the different file types.|
|sep||sep=,||tab, comma, space||Separator used between columns in the output table. Default is space.|
The Image List Service returns a table of values with a row of column headings followed by information on all images that match the requested criteria. If no images match, an empty table is returned. Here is a sample result from the query _URL_
The projcell and subcell columns give the skycell information, and the RA and Dec are the position. If the query specified a skycell as input, the RA and Dec are the central position of the image. The next three columns give the filter, Modified Julian Date, and the type of this image (stack, stack.wt, etc.) The MJD is zero for stack images (which are a combination of images taken at many different epochs). The 8th column is the filename for the image (which typically is very long with lots of gibberish). The last column, shortname, is a short filename that we are adopting: it includes the skycell, information on the type of image, and the filter.
Currently if RA & Dec are specified, only the best skycell image (where the position is farthest from the edge) is included. A possible future enhancement would be to include other nearby images. Note that the naming and positions of the images follows a regular tessellation pattern so that it is fairly simple to determine the names of neighboring images.
Download a FITS File
The filename returned by the above service can be used to retrieve the FITS image directly from the web server by prepending the server name, "", before the "/data". So the URL to retrieve the first file in the table above is
Since the filenames are very long and complex, we recommend using the shortname when saving it. Then you will have a file with the same name when using a script as would be retrieved through the web interface.
The _URL_ interface can be used to retrieve cutout images in FITS or JPEG format. To get a single band image, use the filename from the above table as the red parameter of fitscut.cgi. Additional files using other filters can be specified for the green and blue parameters to get color JPEG images. (To get color FITS images, download the files directly.) The format parameter specifies the output format (fits or jpeg). This script has many additional parameters; see the HLA fitscut documentation for more details, including control of the position, cutout size, contrast, etc.
The image cutout interface works on any type of image (including masks, weights, etc.)
Plans for future additions & improvements
We plan to make a number of improvements and additions to this interface in the future. Suggestions for other additions are also welcome (send to _EMAIL_).
- Enable bulk downloads of files from the web interface (e.g., download all FITS cutouts on the web page as a tar file).
- Fill in blank pixels from neighboring skycells so that larger image cutouts are useful.
- Give the user the ability to select which filters are used to create the color image.
- Give the user the ability to adjust the contrast in the JPEG cutout images.
- Include more accurate footprints for the warp sky coverage in the database so that blank warp cutouts are rare.
- Speed up the interactive display and access to image cutouts either by recompressing the FITS skycell images to use blocks or by caching uncompressed versions of recently accessed images. Currently the images are compressed row by row, which is inefficient for access to randomly located blocks of pixels.
- Add documentation for all the different file types (stack.wt, etc.)
- Add a service that returns a model PSF at the search position.
Color 6.9x5.3 arcmin image of M8 using the PS1 riz filters created using the image cutout interface.
|PS1 Image Cutouts|


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Wednesday, June 17th
8:00- 9:00 | 14:00- 15:00 | 20:00 -21:00
(CEST time is Amsterdam, Berlin, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna)
This webinar was already held
Following up on our last webinar on PV module quality control and testing, we invite you to our second webinar on the "How to calculate measurement uncertainty in PV module IV characterization"
In this workshop, we are reviewing all drivers that reduce measurement uncertainty and we explain how to calculate the total measurement uncertainty from those drivers applying probability mathematics.
- Why is this measurement uncertainty so important in PV module measurements for R&D and quality control
- What are all the typical drivers of measurement uncertainty and how big is their impact
- How to calculate total measurement uncertainty for power determination at STC
- How to apply the measurement uncertainty in laboratory practice


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Legislative circonscriptions (Luxembourg)
Electoral law in Luxembourg is dictated by Article 51, 52, and 53 of the constitution. The number of deputies is set at sixty, and boundaries of the circonscriptions are based on administrative, cantonal boundaries. As a result, the circonscriptions have greatly differing populations, so each elects a different number of deputies, dependent upon the share of the national population.
Suffrage is universal and compulsory amongst adult resident citizens not otherwise disqualified. Luxembourg's electoral system is a form of the Hagenbach-Bischoff System (a variant of the d'Hondt method), which allocates seats to party lists by proportion of the votes won in each circonscription. Under Luxembourg's system, each citizen may vote for as many candidates as there are deputies elected from that constituency. As a result, the national popular vote has no significance, as it reflects only the number of votes cast, and not the number of voters or the number of deputies elected.
There are four legislative circonscriptions in Luxembourg:
- Centre includes the cantons of Luxembourg and Mersch, both of which are in the district of Luxembourg. As of 2005[update], Centre has an estimated population of 151,166 and elects 21 deputies.
- Est (English: East) is coterminous with the district of Grevenmacher, and includes the cantons of Echternach, Grevenmacher and Remich. As of 2005[update], Est has an estimated population of 53,842 and elects 7 deputies.
- Nord (English: North) is coterminous with the district of Diekirch, and includes the cantons of Clervaux, Diekirch, Redange, Vianden, and Wiltz. As of 2005[update], Nord has an estimated population of 70,826 and elects 9 deputies.
- Sud (English: South) includes the cantons of Capellen and Esch-sur-Alzette, both of which are in the district of Luxembourg. As of 2005[update], Sud has an estimated population of 184,256 and elects 23 deputies.
- (French) Constitution et droits de l'homme. 25 November 2004. Service central de legislation. URL accessed 9 May 2006.
- Constitution, Article 51(3).
- Constitution, Article 51(6).
- Council of State, 15 July 1993.
- Constitution, Articles 52(1), 52(2).