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Menopausal women appear to experience an accelerated decline in lung function, according to new research published online ahead of print in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
"Women are living longer and, therefore, many years beyond menopause," said Kai Triebner, MSc, lead author and a PhD candidate in epidemiology at the University of Bergen in Norway. "Our study highlights the importance of maintaining respiratory health long after the menopausal transition."
In "Menopause is Associated with Accelerated Lung Function Decline," European researchers report that both forced vital capacity (FVC), a measure of lung size, and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), a measure of how much air can be forcefully exhaled in one second, declined in women going through the menopausal transition and after menopause beyond what would be expected through normal aging.
The authors wrote that the decline in FVC was comparable to smoking 20 cigarettes a day for 10 years, and the decline in FEV1 was comparable to smoking 20 cigarettes a day for 2 years. The more pronounced decline in FVC than FEV1 indicated menopause was more likely to cause restrictive, rather than obstructive, breathing problems. Obstructive breathing problems (including COPD) make it difficult to exhale air from the lungs while restrictive breathing problems (including sarcoidosis) make it difficult to fully expand the lungs upon inhaling.
"Whether obstructive or restrictive, the decline in lung function may cause an increase in shortness of breath, reduced work capacity and fatigue," Mr. Triebner said. "Symptoms depend upon how much lung capacity is reduced, and a few women may actually develop respiratory failure as a result of this decline."
In what they believe is the first longitudinal population-based study of lung function and menopause, the researchers analyzed data from 1,438 women enrolled in the European Respiratory Health Survey. Participants in the study ranged in age from 25 to 48 at enrollment, and none was menopausal when the study began. They were followed for 20 years and during that time most went through the menopausal transition or became postmenopausal.
The researchers adjusted their findings for age, weight, height, education and smoking history. As might be expected, current and past smokers showed a steeper decline in both ageand menopause-related lung function decline.
The authors said there were several possible explanations for their findings. Menopause brings hormonal changes that have been linked to systemic inflammation, which itself is associated with lung function decline. Hormonal changes are also implicated in osteoporosis, which shortens the height of the chest vertebrae and may, in turn, limit the amount of air a person can inhale.
"Women, and their physicians, should be aware that respiratory health might decline considerably during and after the menopausal transition," Mr. Triebner said. "This could mean that they experience shortness of breath already with low physical activity."
The European Commission supported the European Respiratory Health Survey. Supporters of the local study centers are listed in the online data supplement.


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Robotics – is an interesting platform that requires interaction, innovation, patience and curiosity to explore into the universe of creativity. With its comprehensive construction system of endless integration and engagement, it provides endless possibilities and ample opportunities for individuals to realize their potentials, instilling the values of leadership, teamwork and problem solving, into the realm of infinite design possibilities.
As the world today grows immensely complex with multitudes of challenges on the horizon, technology in education can't be denied as the world grew more advanced than yesteryears. Indeed, the needs of individuals to equipped with related knowledge and skills overcoming tough challenges have been drastically increased; yet proficient individuals are relatively low in sight.
Robotics is suitable for everyone from all walks of life, with its flexibility to mature according to the individual's learning skill level, yet it is a simple, powerful innovative creative educational tool to start off with as a beginner. Robotics is more than just assembling the pieces into a built robot, but too involved in programming and designing creative solution to a problem. Looking at those attractive, yet colorful assembling assortments, with its matching apps, gesture, advanced mechatronics and voice control device, these electronic mechanisms are give life to keep anyone mesmerized with its magical moment.
To understand better on the robotics aspect, there are many different types of robots, comes in different built form and application. In fact, when comes into its constructional system, they share 3 basic functionalities:
|Mechanical Functionality||Electronic Functionality||Programming Functionality|
The most sought after programmable robotics are VEX Robotics.
- VEX Robotics
VEX Robotics was created by Innovatio First, Inc. (US), has been recognized as a leading classroom robotics platform. It is designed to offers 2 different type of robotics – VEX IQ and VEX EDR; to nurture creative advancement in robotics and STEM education.
- VEX IQ: is designed for younger students from 2nd grade through 8th grade, with 'Snap-On' concept plastic assortment and completely tool-free assembling for fun drivable robot builds, offering flexibility to use up to 12 Smart Motors or sensor at once in order to provide limitless potential for growth with its ever expanding design models. Its affordability and engaging robotic kits is the main reason it is suitable for both classroom use and the competitive arena.
- VEX EDR: is designed to offer students an enriching platform to engage themselves in-depth into the area of Science, Technology, and Engineering & Math (STEM), catering to both beginner and experts alike ranging from Middle School to College. It offers highly versatile construction tool with user-programmable microprocessor that allow students to create whatever their imagination unleashed. Hence, this has provided unlimited potential growth learning opportunity with new discovery.
- HEXBUG by VEX: is an award-winning robotics in Toy of the Year 2016 (TOTY) for the VEX Robotic Arm. It appears to be much more fascinating, intelligent bug-like attributes robotics compared to the VEX IQ and EDR series as the HEXBUG robotics are equipped with expandable motorized claw to pick up objects, adjustable for various launch distances, rotate 360⁰, control box battery pack and knob to set the robotics into motion, depending on the varieties of models. Its affordability and engagement of up to 8 multiplayers in a robotic arena setting are the main highlight it is perfect for schools to approach in both classroom use and competition purposes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The provision of unemployment insurance is heavily contested amongst policy-makers around the world. Recent research by IIES Assistant Professor Arash Nekoei and Professor Peter Nilsson provides new insights into how to optimally provide unemployment insurance.
Arash Nekoei and Peter Nilsson
Unemployment insurance for all increases risk of unemployment
Insurance against the income fall experienced in case of unemployment is chronically challenging to design. When leaving the decision of taking up such insurance to every worker, the buyers will tend to be those with the highest risk of getting unemployed. Such a selection, in turn, implies that the price for such insurance is high, and a sizable group of people with lower unemployment risk will effectively not be able to obtain unemployment insurance at a price that adequately reflects their risk of unemployment. In fact, this mechanism – referred to as 'adverse selection' by economists - might lead to a full breakdown of any potential market for unemployment insurance.In light of this, many countries choose to mandate unemployment insurance for all. However, that comes with its own problems: once covered by unemployment insurance, people might decide to alter their behavior in ways that makes it more likely for them to become unemployed.
How significant are these problems, and what is the optimal way to provide unemployment insurance?
Arash Nekoei and Peter Nilsson's work leverages the rich Swedish administrative data and several policy reforms and characteristics to answer those questions. Amongst other things, they provide a framework to think about the optimal provision of unemployment insurance and find that combination of mandatory coverage and optional, heavily subsidized top-up insurance as seen in many Scandinavian countries, including Sweden before the 2007 reforms, might be close to optimal.
The paper is co-authored with David Seim of Stockholm University (and an IIES alumnus) and Camille Landais and Johannes Spinnewijn of the London School of Economics and is forthcoming in the American Economic Review, one of the world's most prestigious journals in economics.
Please contact Arash Nekoei and Peter Nilsson for any questions about their work. There's also an excellent summary of the paper at VoxEU.


Are Lawn Mower Blades Universal? A Simple Answer
People owning a lawn will put in their mind about cleaning their yard as much as they can. Of course, you will need a lawn mower, but do you think you have enough knowledge about a mower and its components?
For the mower to work, it needs to have blades to cut grass on your lawn. Having a lawn mower is a significant deal-breaker when it comes to making a big difference in your lawn's health. Owners would like to know if blades are universal, and you just went to the right article.
To know whether or not blades are universal, you better finish reading this article.
Are Lawn Mower Blades Universal?
The most straightforward answer is no. Manufacturers make lawn mower blades according to different specifications, which means each lawn mower model has its customized blade. As much as you want lawn mower blades to be universal, sadly, they are not made general to every lawn mower present in every home.
Even when mower blades are not universal, you can still replace your blade with another manufacturer's blade, so long as the blade matches the required width, thickness, and much more specific customization that your original blade has. Lawn mower blades are mower-specific, so if you think of replacing them with a new blade brand, ensure its perfect fit for your mower to keep you away from danger while in use.
Types and Uses of Lawn Mower Blades
Reel blades
The reel blades, also known as cylinder blades, comprise seven helical blades that create cutting action like scissors. These blades are used in reel or cylindrical mowers, and they require sharpening kits if ever blades become rusty or dull.
Reel blades move in the opposite direction of the bed knife, which gathers the grass and cuts them as it moves across the bed knife cutting edge.
Mulching blades
From the name itself, these blades mulch the grass on your lawn. The mulching blade has a more distinct design than the other blades since it does more work than the others. This blade is known as an all-purpose blade because it features a curved or bent surface that allows the mower to work in three different ways: either lift, mow or mulch the grass, which operates the way people want it to work.
The middle part of the mulching blade has a weird cut, but this cut allows your mower to deliver fine cut and nutrient-rich clippings back to the surface of your lawn to feed the soil healthily.
Deck blades
Deck blades are also known as the standard blades, and these blades probably get the most uses when it comes to lawn mowing.
These blades are referred to as straight blades because they do not cause strain on the engine during use. The front cutting blade remains flat in view, and the back portion has a slight bend or curve that contributes to the suck and cut action of the mower.
Lifting blades
Lifting blades have a slightly curved surface creating a vertical upward airflow, which contributes to lifting the grass, allowing you to cut them depending on which type of lifting blade you want.
These blades render a more neat and polished result in cutting grasses than any other types of blades.
There are three different types of lifting blades: low-lift, medium-lift, and high-lift blades.
Low-lift blades
A lifting blade with just enough power in providing lift to cut your grass is the low-lift blade. These blades have just the right amount of cutting ability, but these do not suit thick grass on your lawn. They won't do as much the job of trimming or cutting thick grass, but they won't kick up as much dust. This blade is a low-powered lifting blade that can be your friend if you only want a mild movement on cutting your grass.
Medium-lift blades
The medium-lift blades are medium-powered blades that provide the right suction amount compared to the low-lift blades. These are much less mild than the low-lift blades, which means you can have this lifting blade if you want a bit more power when cutting the grass.
The medium-lift blades use less horsepower than the higher ones, and they can help you cut thick grass on your lawn.
High-lift blades
The high-lift blades provide the highest power of suction compared to the other lifting blades. These blades offer more climactic upturn when providing suction before cutting the grass, and it produces much more lift. These blades can be your best help if you deal with thick grass as this makes the job a lot easier and timesaving.
This blade is the best for tall grass and is fitting for bagging up clippings.
Pros and Cons of Each Type of Blade
Now that you have known the different types of blades, it is now time to see every blade's strengths and weaknesses regarding lawn mowing.
Reel blades
 - Reel blades are used in both cylindrical and reel mowers.
 - It is composed of seven screw-like blades that provide a scissor-like cutting action while dealing with grass.
 - The motion these blades exert does not damage any part of the soil and can help improve soil state after use.
 - The blades last you long without even becoming dull or rusty, which can help you spend lesser time maintaining the sharpness of the blade.
 - Although the blades last longer in sharpness and work, users cannot replace reel blades from the mower.
 - If the reel blades are already broken and cannot be better even after using a sharpening kit, it requires replacing the entire lawn mower.
Mulching blades
 - These mulching blades can recycle clippings around the deck, which gets the grass chopped even more.
 - Mulching blades can provide faster work cutting grass.
 - Since the middle part of the mulching blade has a different cut compared to other blades, it is made to send nutrient-rich clippings back to the lawn surface, feeding the soil with healthy benefits.
 - Mulching blades can still bag or side discharge and can perform a lot better in maintenance cuts.
 - Since blades are for mulching, it does not provide much lift, even compared to the standard or deck blades.
Deck blades
 - The deck blades cause lesser strain upon the engine because the blades possess an aerodynamic design for the most part.
 - They provide transcendent lift in one direction that does not give pressure on the soil.
 - If you plan to work for a more extended period on your lawn, the deck blades can give you that service since the engine does not absorb so much pressure while on the move.
 - Since it is a deck blade, it does not give much extra work from cutting your grass and remains with the straight blades while cutting.
Lifting blades
 - Lifting blades have three different types, and you can choose whether which blade to use for cutting grass, depending on the amount of power you want to deal with.
 - Low-lift blades are easier on fuel consumption.
 - Low-lift blades are far from dealing with wear and tear on your engine despite the number of uses.
 - Lifting blades can have high airflow, which prevents clogging, even when mowing wet grass.
 - These blades have good results with better cuts in dealing with different types of grasses.
 - To utilize high-lift blades needs a powerful engine to work at its maximum ability.
 - High fuel consumption is also an issue for high-lift blades since its amount is exhausting for the mower.
Final Words
Now that you know about mower blades not being a "universal" use, it is safe to say that you are now aware of what type your blades are and which blades fit for your mower. Each blade is made uniquely specified for the mowers, so never attempt to use blades of different sizes and specifications on your mower.
Yes, some blades have your desirable blade type, but you'd instead choose the most suitable blade for your mower over something you only want, personally. If you change your lawn mower blades with those that are still suited for their size and work, you will achieve the best results in keeping your lawn clean and grass healthy.
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Dynamic Witness improves Windows 2012 Cluster High Availability
Posted by Alin D on February 21, 2013
Determined to make Windows Failover Clusters as resilient as possible, Microsoft has once again made significant improvements to its quorum mechanisms in Windows Server 2012. The Dynamic Quorum Management option allows the cluster to dynamically adjust the quorum (or majority) of votes required for the cluster to continue running. This prevents the loss of quorum when nodes fail or shut down sequentially, allowing the cluster to continue running with less than a majority of active nodes.
In addition to dynamic quorum, multisite geoclusters now benefit from the ability to specify which nodes receive votes and which ones don't. This allows you to bias a particular site (e.g., the primary site) to have the controlling votes, or nodes, to maintain quorum. This also prevents a split-brain scenario from occurring as the secondary site tries to update the cluster database when the primary site is down
Configuring Dynamic Quorum in Windows Server 2012
The principle behind quorum in a failover cluster environment is to ensure that only a majority of nodes can form and participate in a cluster. This prevents a second subset of nodes from forming a separate cluster that can access the same shared resources in an uncoordinated fashion, which can lead to corruption. When nodes are shut down or fail, there are fewer active nodes remaining to maintain the static quorum value of votes needed for the cluster to function. The new Dynamic Quorum Management dynamically adjusts the votes of remaining active nodes to ensure that quorum can be maintained in the event of yet another node failure or shutdown.
There are a few requirements that must be met before the Dynamic Quorum mechanism kicks in. First, Dynamic Quorum must be enabled, which it is, by default, in Windows Server 2012. The Failover Cluster Manager can be used to view or modify the Dynamic Quorum option by running the Configure Cluster Quorum Wizard. Start the wizard by highlighting the cluster in the left-hand pane, right-clicking on it, selecting More Actions and then choosing Configure Cluster Quorum Settings.
The Quorum Wizard prompts you to select from several different quorum configurations depending on your environment (Typical, Add/Change or Advanced). By default, the cluster will use the typical settings for your configuration to establish the quorum management options. You can also add or change the quorum witness if one was selected during the installation process.
To view or change the Dynamic Quorum Management option, use the Advanced quorum configuration option, as seen above. Stepping through the Quorum Wizard, it will prompt you to Configure Quorum Management. This is where you can view or change the Dynamic Quorum option.
You can also view or modify the cluster's Dynamic Quorum setting by using PowerShell cmdlets. The first cmdlet, Get-Cluster, as shown in below, reveals the current Dynamic Quorum setting (0=disabled, 1=enabled). You can then use PowerShell to enable Dynamic Quorum by establishing the variable $cluster with Get-Cluster and then set the property DynamicQuorum to a value of 1.
With Dynamic Quorum enabled, the next condition that must be met is that the cluster must be up and running and currently sustaining quorum based on the initial cluster configuration. The final condition for Dynamic Quorum to work is that any subsequent node failures or shutdowns must be experienced sequentially — not with multiple nodes going down at the same time. A lengthier cluster regroup operation would occur if multiple nodes exited the cluster simultaneously.
You can use PowerShell to view the number of votes and observe the inner workings of the Dynamic Quorum mechanism. By default, each server in the cluster gets a single vote, or NodeWeight. When Dynamic Quorum is enabled, an additional property called DynamicWeight is used to track a server's dynamic vote toward quorum. The cluster will adjust a node's dynamic weight to zero, if necessary, to avoid losing quorum, should another node exit the cluster. The PowerShell cmdlet reveals the NodeWeight and DynamicWeight for a two-node cluster.
Dynamic Quorum allows cluster nodes to be individually shut down or fail to the point where just a single node is left functioning ("last man standing"). Just as quorum is dynamically adjusted downward as nodes fail or are shut down in the cluster, quorum is adjusted upward as nodes are rebooted back into the cluster.
Using weighted votes to assign nodes
The other major enhancement to the quorum mechanism in Windows Server 2012 is the ability to specify which nodes in a cluster receive a vote. As mentioned, all nodes receive a vote that contributes toward quorum by default. In multisite geocluster configurations, it may be beneficial to give nodes in the primary site a vote to ensure they keep running in the event of a network failure between sites. Nodes in the secondary site can be configured with zero votes so they cannot form a cluster.
You can use the Quorum Wizard (Advanced Quorum Configurations) to configure whether a node receives a vote. The wizard also allows you to see how Node1 is given a vote and Node2 is not.
Alternatively, you can use PowerShell to specify whether a node receives a vote. Use the Get-ClusterNode cmdlet to set the NodeWeight for Node2 back to 1 so that it receives a vote.
Windows Server 2012 has made significant improvements to the quorum mechanism, resulting in more resilient Failover Clusters. Dynamic Quorum Management takes the worry out of whether enough servers are active to achieve or maintain quorum if systems should fail or shut down. Multisite geoclusters also use weighted votes to specify which primary site should continue running in the event of intersite network failures.


Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of lung
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of lung is a subtype of invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung. It was formerly known as mucinous bronchoalveolar carcinoma.
Mucinous carcinomas originate from columnar mucus-containing cells (c.f. non-mucinous tumours which arise from Clara cells or type 2 pneumocytes). Mucinous carcinomas are thought to be more likely to be multicentric and tend to have a worse prognosis than non-mucinous types 3.
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Article Information
rID: 36774
System: Chest
Section: Pathology
Tag: cases
Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:
 - Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung
 - Mucinous bronchoalveolar carcinoma
 - Mucinous bronchoalveolar carcinomas
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Choose One Real-Life Observation Activity
This exercise will give you an opportunity to try your skills as
Select one of the four participant observation exercises to do
before the end of the day on Sunday.
Participant Observation 1 - Your Neighborhood
Participant Observation 2 - City Plaza
Participant Observation 3 - Restaurant or café
Participant Observation 4 - Religious worship service
Review each one to make certain you are selecting something that is logistically possible in your context. Each exercise is a bit different, but each will give you an opportunity to observe and describe a cultural setting. Once you have decided on one, download and print the activity.
- Pick one of the 4 observation activities that is logistically
possible for you to complete before the end of the day on
Sunday. Click on the links above to open, view, and print
the activity you choose.


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The Open Air Water-Power Museum in Dimitsana (Peloponnese) is a thematic museum centred on the importance of hydraulic power in traditional societies, which presents the basic pre-industrial techniques using water as their main source of energy to produce various goods.
In an area covering a stremma (1,000m2 or 10,764ft2 – roughly a quarter of an acre), in the midst of luxuriant vegetation and abundant streams, a complex of water-powered installations and machinery has been restored, so as to integrate them into a museum on waterpower. Each of the buildings housing the old traditional workshops has been renovated and now has a permanent exhibition whose thematic content concerns the workshop it is in:
The first building houses a fulling tub and a flourmill. Up to the mid-20th century, a score of (covered or open-air) fulling-tubs functioned in the vicinity of Dimitsana, where woven woollen fabrics were washed (different kinds of blankets, bedcovers and rugs). The art of the fuller (or dristeliari, as he was called locally) resided in his capacity to correctly judge the immersion time of each type of woven textile. Next to it, a flourmill with a horizontal paddle-wheel has been restored. Here the visitor can drop corn kernels into the grain hopper and watch how they are ground by the millstones and via the meal spout fall into the flour bin. The adjoining small room with a fireplace was the miller's house, where his -usually largefamily spread out the bedding each night in the loft and slept in rows side by side. Outside the mill, a rough shelter was erected, similar to the one protecting the raki still that was set up after the grape harvest each year to make tsipouro (a kind of schnapps or eau de vie) from the skins of the pressed grapes, and which would function night and day for 3-4 days. Exactly opposite it, there is a two-storey building, with the tanner's house above and the tannery just below it.
The workshop's interior is divided into "zones" corresponding to the different stages of processing animal hides. The first is for the "waters" (the soaking process), the liming and the preparatory stages in general (scudding, deliming, bating). The second contains a series of "limbes" (vats) for the actual tanning, followed by a well-ventilated zone, used for hanging out and drying the tanned hides in the shade. Lastly, a well-lit corner was reserved for the retanning or currying work (which gives the leather the required properties depending on the use it is destined for).
The stone-paved path leads to a flat area, where a natural reservoir has formed, and ends at the gunpowder mill. Dimitsana was one of scores of villages where, from the 16th century onwards, raw potassium nitrate (saltpetre) was collected and handed over to the Ottoman Turks as a tax in kind. During the 1821 Greek War of Independence against Ottoman rule, the inhabitants of Dimitsana played an active part in providing the Greek combatants with the necessary material for ammunition. In his memoirs, Kolokotronis, chief of the irregular troops in the Peloponnese, wrote: "Gunpowder we had, Dimitzana made it".
Gunpowder is a strong element of the region's cultural identity and remains alive in the memory and tales of its inhabitants. It is precisely this historical identity that the Museum brings to the fore by reconstructing the type of powder mill with pestles, which was used in Dimitsana during the 1821 Revolution and up to the early 20th century, simultaneously preserving this particular technology of gunpowder production, which disappeared in the rest of Europe in the 18th century.
After leaving the Museum, visitors can continue their perambulation in the Loussios gorge by following the path that begins at the Museum, descends to the village of Paliochori, continues on to the traditional bridge of Monopori, wends it way first to the monastery of Philosophos and then to the Prodromos monastery, before ending in ancient Gortyna.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Good that can be consumed by only one person
at a time. Most consumer
products are rival goods. For example, a coat can be worn by only one person at a time. In a sense, consumers compete for rival goods. An example of a non-rival good is a public park. It can be used by many consumers at the same time.


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Measurement of temperature/time in welding processes
For documentation of welding parameters, power source calibration or defect analysis in arc welding, stud welding or resistance welding processes, the company HKS-Prozesstechnik has developed a system that enables the detection of numerous measured parameters such as current, voltage, gas flow and cooling time. High performance pyrometers from Micro-Epsilon are used to measure the cooling time. A double laser sighting system is used for alignment with the desired measuring point in order to view the exact spot position and to simplify adjustments. The recording of the cooling time t8/5 is performed between two adjustable limit values (usually 800°C / 500°C). As soon as the minimum value is not reached, the recording process stops and saves the cooling time and the temperature profile for further evaluation.


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Storytelling has always proved to be very helpful in teaching children about the moral values. It has been practiced since ancient times and has played a major part in preserving the culture and the society we live in today. Storytelling generally consists of stories with interesting characters and amazing plot.
Most of the stories are folk stories that have been either preserved in forms of scriptures and texts written thousands of years ago or have been orally passed from one generation to another. The most important aspect of storytelling is the way it is delivered or narrated. In this article we will discuss about some Storytelling Examples or points which can prove to be very helpful for storytellers.
These are some of the Storytelling Examples:
Storytelling TourStudents can form a group of three or four individuals and can go to other classes and narrate the stories to them.
Continuous Storytelling SessionIn this method a story is narrated and then left to be continued for the next day or session. Next day the story is continued and when it ends, it is continued by another story. One of the most famous types of Storytelling Examples of this kind is the Arabian Nights.
Picture StoryIn this method a picture is selected and the class is then instructed to form a paragraph or lines in relation to the picture. This process is repeated until a story is formed.
Stories in SongsIn this method the students of class are given a task to find a song which tells some famous story. For this purpose contemporary songs or folk songs are perfect. Once hearing the complete song, the student can tell the story in the song in his own words.
Stories related to Local HistoryIn this method children can collect stories about their city or town from older people. They can generally find stories in relation to any famous person from their city or town and then can frame a story based on the facts collected.


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A Plan for Each Student
Centennial Academy, Atlanta, GA
Centennial Academy Principal Alison Shelton has a vision: that 100% of her students read at or above grade level. Ms. Shelton recognizes that reading fluency and all that accompanies it (improved comprehension, vocabulary, writing and spelling skills, and oral expression) are critical for her students' success in school and throughout their lives.
When Centennial Academy became an Atlanta Public Charter School, Ms. Shelton and her Board of Directors asked Kendore Learning to help them administer their ambitious literacy program.
Student Assessment and Intervention
Teachers and the Kendore Learning team begain by pretesting every student in grades K – 6 to obtain a baseline measure of where each student stands. Our team used this critical data to group students in the classroom and to determine who will receive one-on-one intervention in the Literacy Lab, which is staffed by Kendore Learning Reading Therapists (see below).
For each student, we developed a written Instructional Plan, which serves as the foundation for the support they receive throughout the year. We closely monitor student progress throughout the year (including reassessments at the half-year and year-end mark) to make sure each student is achieving his or her goals and reaching designated milestones.
Teacher Training and Support
Over the summer, the Kendore Learning training room was bustling with Centennial Academy Teachers learning to teach Kendore's multisensory, systematic reading curriculum. During the school year, Kendore provides on-site support to Centennial's educators. Teachers also attend Kendore Learning Certification classes throughout the year to ensure mastery of content and fidelity of curriculum.
The Literacy Lab
The Literacy Lab at Centennial Academy is Kendore Learning's pride and joy! It's a fun place to learn, and students look forward to visiting us for assessments and one-on-one intervention. Kendore Learning Reading Therapists staff the Literacy Lab. Our individualized instruction targets specific learning challenges and allows teachers to keep their classes moving.
Ms. Shelton and her team tell their students to work to become "heroes." These motivated kids are well on their way. And Kendore Learning is happy to be there each step of the way.


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The basic and main purpose of windmills is to get wind energy.
Using the wind to create electricity has been around for a long time. You've probably seen windmills on farms. People who design, build or repair windmills are called millwrights.If you want to become a millwright then get download Magic windmill coloring app, which is totally free. Come along with us and design and build your own magic windmill. Learn how to make a magic windmill and make it colorful and give it attractive shades.- Attractive Windmill images of to keep a child enthusiastic.- 30 images of different kind of Windmill.- Magic windmill allows your child to keep his interest in the study of environmental science.- Change colors with a finger touch.- Ability to save completed pictures.Don't underestimate child's coloring. It may look like leisure time, but when children are coloring, they're actually developing crucial life skills — and preparing their brains for the challenges of adulthood. This app is will clear the concept of windmill of your child. Children absolutely love science. The benefits of science for kids are tremendous. When children are engaged in Magic windmill coloring they are no longer disruptive because they are too busy in creating.


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Joint use is a way to increase opportunities for children and adults to be more physically active. It refers to two or more entities — usually a school and a city or private organization — sharing indoor and outdoor spaces like gymnasiums, athletic fields and playgrounds. The concept is simple: share resources to keep costs down and communities healthy.
Examples of joint use agreements:
A principal unlocks the school gate after hours so neighbors can shoot hoops or play ball on evenings and weekends.
A school and swim team share a pool.
A school opens its soccer field to a local league for weekend games.
A YMCA opens its gym to the local PE teacher so students have a place to exercise.
Why is joint use needed?
The research is clear: the more active children are, the healthier they will be now and when they grow up. Yet certain places make physical activity harder instead of easier. Place matters since experts now know that where we live, work and play — the physical environment itself — determines, to a large degree, whether we will be healthy.
Too often, kids find the gate to their school's blacktop or basketball court locked after school hours, locking them out of opportunities to be active. Closing off recreational facilities after school leaves many children and families struggling to incorporate physical activity into their daily routines. They may live in an area without a nearby park or be unable to afford exercise equipment or a gym membership.
Joint use agreements can fix these problems. Joint use makes physical activity easier by providing kids and adults alike with safe, conveniently located and inviting places to exercise and play. Besides making sense from a health perspective, joint use agreements make sense financially because they build upon assets a community already has. Sharing existing space is cheaper and more efficient than duplicating the same facilities in other parts of the community.
Where is joint use happening?
Joint use is happening in cities throughout California and across the nation. In fact, the concept of joint use is not new. Schools have shared their land and facilities for community use for over 200 years. Most states, including California, have policies to encourage or require schools to make facilities open to the public. In California, a 2008 survey conducted by the Center for Cities and Schools revealed that close to 60 percent of responding school districts already have some type of joint use partnership, but thousands still do not.
How does it work?
Joint use agreements facilitate a partnership between two or more entities, often school districts and local government agencies (e.g. parks and recreation or nonprofit organizations, to open up spaces such as playgrounds, athletic fields, pools, and gymnasiums to the community outside of school hours or to open up community facilities to schools at a reduced cost or for free.
Joint use partnerships can be formal (based on a legal document) or informal (based on a handshake), but formal agreements offer increased protections for both the facility and the community group using the facility. Since school staffing can change over time, personal relationships are not the most secure way to guarantee access to facilities into the future. A formal agreement can also help prevent problems related to maintenance, operations, liability, ownership or cost from arising.
Maintenance– How can we keep the space in good condition? Joint use agreements can detail each partner's goals to help ensure that school properties are respected and maintained. When school resources are being shared, it's important to have joint use agreements that specify who needs to make repairs and who will address wear and tear to the property. Some school officials have noticed a decrease in vandalism since implementing a joint use agreement. They have noted that when the community shares school resources, they take pride and ownership in the space, which can help deter vandalism.
Operations — Who will unlock the gate? Who will run the programs? These questions can be answered with joint use agreements so that partners know what they are responsible for.
Liability–What if someone gets hurt? Experts say most schools' existing liability insurance is sufficient to cover any liability issues associated with joint use. Joint use agreements can identify liability concerns and make sure they are accounted for.
Ownership– How does joint use affect how decisions are made about the property? Joint use agreements should outline a process for resolving any conflicts that may surface. They should also highlight how the partnership will benefit each party.
Cost– How expensive will the partnership be? Joint use agreements can be used to define how much each partner contributes. Partnerships do not need to cost a lot to be successful. Agreements can help partners anticipates what costs might be.


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A Short History of Bishop William Van Mildert
William Van Mildert was the last of the Prince Bishops and a key figure in the foundation of the University of Durham in 1832. The idea of Prince Bishops in Durham dates back to the year 1071, a time shortly after Norman Conquest when William the Conqueror needed to appoint a representative to hold secular and spiritual power over the whole of the North-East of England (1, 2). This position gave the southern King a powerful northern presence to defend against rebellion by the local Saxon population or invasion from Scottish armies. The area became known as the Palatinate of Durham and it was said at the time that the Prince Bishop was like a second King of England (1, 2). Prince Bishops not only had their own parliament with representatives which they could send to the King, but could raise armies, collect their own taxes, set up their own courts, mint their own coins and negotiate directly with the Scottish kings (1, 2).
By 1832 the concept of Prince Bishops seemed outdated and the Great Reform Act saw the removal of the Prince Bishops powers, although the Bishop of Durham retained a seat in the House of Lords which he still holds to this day (3). In fact, it was not until the early 1970s that the palatinate court system was merged into the English court structure (4). So who was William Van Mildert, how did he become Prince Bishop of Durham and how was the University of Durham founded?
William Van Mildert was born in London on the 6th of November 1765 (5, 6). His father Cornelius was a gin distiller (5, 7). The Van Mildert family were of Dutch descent and there had long been a connection between the family and the church. William Van Mildert's grandfather and great grandfather had been deacons of the Dutch Reform church at Austin Friars in London and his father was a devout Anglican. Van Mildert began his education at St. Saviours School, Southwark, until the age of thirteen, when he persuaded his father to allow him to seek holy orders. Van Mildert attended Merchant Taylors' School, London, in around 1779 to begin preparations for Oxford University where he studied at Queens College, from 1784 (5,7).
Van Mildert graduated with a BA in November 1787 and was ordained deacon in Oxfordshire whilst working towards his MA (5, 7). From here, Van Mildert was ordained a priest in December 1789, becoming curate of Newchurch and Bonnington, in Kent. It was here that Van Mildert met Jane, his future wife, and they married in December 1795. The Van Mildert's moved to Northamptonshire and although they never had their own children they fostered two of Jane's nieces (5, 7).
In July 1796 Van Mildert became chaplain to the Grocers' Company and rector of St Mary-le-Bow, Cheapside, London. During this time Van Mildert lived outside the parish due its poor standard of accommodation, leading to his prosecution for non-residence in 1800. Van Mildert's case was frequently presented in parliament as evidence that reform of current laws was necessary (5, 7).
Van Mildert opposed many government reforms and became a member of the church campaign group the Hackney Phalanx (5, 7, 8). The Phalanx was a group of clergy and laymen who published the British Critic, a conservative review which was part of the British reaction against the French Revolution (7, 8). Van Mildert was briefly the editor for the British Critic in 1811 and co-edited the Churchman's Remembrancer between 1802 and 1808. He served as treasurer of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge between 1812 and 1815 and also helped to found the National Society in 1811 and the Church Building Society in 1818 (5, 7). Van Mildert published various texts throughout his life including a ten-volume edition of the works of the 18th century theologian Daniel Waterland (5, 7). Van Mildert's Boyle lectures of _PHONE_ on 'An Historical View of the Rise and Progress of Infidelity, with a Refutation of its Principles and Reasoning's' (9) helped to strengthen his reputation as one of the foremost conservative theologians of the day and it has been said that he had an encyclopaedic knowledge of divinity (5,7).
Van Mildert became chaplain to the fourth Duke of Queensberry in 1807 and vicar of Farningham in Kent where renovations of an uninhabitable parsonage nearly bankrupted him in 1810. Lord Liverpool offered Van Mildert a professorship of divinity at Oxford and a rectory in Oxfordshire which he accepted (5, 7). At Oxford, Van Mildert became a bachelor then a doctor of divinity, and a canon of Christ Church. After a short period as Bishop of Llandaff (now part of Cardiff) in 1819 and dean of St. Paul's in 1820, Van Mildert was offered and accepted the palatine bishopric of Durham. (5, 7, 8)
Van Mildert had strongly opposed parliamentary reform and he was even burned in effigy at the castle gates in November 1831 due to this opposition (7). Van Mildert's resistance to reform may be the reason why he was omitted from Peels ecclesiastical commission in 1835 and was not recommended to be archbishop of Canterbury (5,7). He was, however greatly respected and played an important role in early 19th century theological thought as well as in lively political discussions.
Van Mildert's health throughout his life was never particularly good and he died on 21st February 1836 (5, 7). He was buried in a vault in front of the high altar at Durham Cathedral though he had expressed the wish to be buried at Auckland Castle, his official home. His wife survived him and died in Harrogate in 1837 (5).
Van Mildert and the foundation of Durham University
There had been calls for a university in Durham reaching back as far as Henry VIII and Oliver Cromwell in the 1650s, although at that time Oxford and Cambridge Universities had expressed concerns that a University at Durham would damage their position (5, 7). In 1832 Archdeacon Charles Thorp and Van Mildert persuaded the government and parliament to support the idea of a university at Durham (10, 5, 7). On July 4th 1832 the "Act to enable the Dean and Chapter of Durham to appropriate part of the property of their Church to the establishment of a University in connection therewith, for the Advancement of Learning" was passed (11, 12, 13, 14). The first students arrived in 1833, with the University receiving a royal charter and degree-awarding powers in 1837 (12, 13, 14).
There is a substantial collection of material relating to Bishop Van Mildert in the Special Collections section of Durham University Library. Most of this material (over 1300 papers) was discovered in a pigeon loft in Bradden House, Northamptonshire in the early 1970s by Arnold Bradshaw, later Principal of Van Mildert College. The papers were transferred to Van Mildert College so that Bradshaw could catalogue them and in 1989 deposited in the university library. On the basis of these papers, Elizabeth Varley was able to write what is probably the definitive biography of Van Mildert, entitled 'The Last of the Prince Bishops. William Van Mildert and the High Church Movement of the early Nineteenth Century' (Cambridge University Press, 1992).
References (as of March 2013)
Text contributed by Dr Alasdair Anderson.
The College is named after William Van Mildert (_PHONE_), the last Prince Bishop of Durham. An Englishman of Dutch descent, he was instrumental in the founding of Durham University in 1832 and his castle is the present UniversityCollege. His portrait hangs in Van Mildert's Ann Dobson hall.
The College Motto is his too – Sic vos non vobis (Not for yourselves).


text:
Nathan Tintle, Beth Chance, Karen McGaughey, Soma Roy, Todd Swanson, and Jill VanderStoep
|Applets & Datasets | Informational Videos | Text Website at Wiley | Preface | Table of Contents | Chapter 1 | Instructor Resources|
Statistical Investigations is an second course statistics
text developed at Hope College, Dordt University, and Cal Poly.
The text differs from traditional texts in both content and pedagogy. The text differs from traditional texts in both content and pedagogy. From the Preliminaries chapter, students focus on multivariate thinking to explain variation in the response variable. Students are actively engaged in the material with easy-to-use applets for initial visualization and analysis.
For more information about our curriculum or participation in our assessment efforts described above contact Nathan Tintle at _EMAIL_.


text:
Definition of unsterile in English:
Not sterile or sterilized: unsterile needles
More example sentences
- He believes that AIDS may have its origin in unsterile hypodermic needles and antibiotics.
- Panicky use of unsterile needles may transmit HIV, hepatitis C, or other infections.
- I always have been taught that the back of the gown is considered unsterile and that personnel in sterile attire should not have their back to sterile supplies or fields.
Definition of unsterile in:
- US English dictionary
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A US patent issued having a "summary of invention" NOT covering the claims (e.g. describing different materials).
Is it valid?
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1 Answer 1
A "summary of the invention" section is not a hard requirement of a patent application. During prosecution claims get amended and in a follow-on application the claims might be directed to some aspect that is covered but not focused on in the initial application. The specification is usually not amended in order to avoid a concern over introducing "new matter" so the claims and the summary end up out of sync. The more important issue is whether the application as filed, as a whole, suficently supports the claims.
On the other hand, if a summary sections says "my invention is a ", some judges will use that to further narrow their interpretation of the claims to a. That is one reason some people are leaving off summary sections altogether.
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Various ion beam techniques (E≥1 MeV/amu) are compared from the standpoint of their analytical capabilities: Charged Particle
Activation Analysis (CPAA), Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE), Ion Induced γ-Ray Emission for bulk analysis, Prompt Reaction
Analysis (PRA), Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry for surface layer characterization and ion absorptiometry for microscopic
analysis. With CPAA and PIXE≥70 elements can be detected with sub-ppm sensitivity. The scope of CPAA is being extended with
heavy ion beams for radioactivation of H, He, Li, Be, B, C isotopes. In surface layer characterization recent developments
in PRA and RBS also involve heavy ion beams. In RBS they can significantly enhance mass resolution for M>50 in comparison
with α scattering. For example,63Cu and65Cu can be quantitatively identified in surface films using a 1 MeV/amu40Ar beam. In microscopic analysis, the nuclear microprobe can provide atom-specific signals from quantities ≥10−12 g on spots of a diameter ≥2 μm. Ion absorptiometry techniques can sense density variations as low as ±0.5% in 1 μm3 or less of sample volume.
A survey has been made on the application of charged particle activation analysis for the detection of traces of medium Z
elements (40≤Z≤58, 72, 74) using protons and deuterons of 20 MeV,3He and4He ions of 40 MeV. The product nuclides considered were γ-ray emitting radioisotopes with half lives ranging from 10 min to
3 days. Based on the thick target yields obtained, proton activation was found to provide an optimum compromise between sensitivity
The reaction103Rh(p, n)103Pd was investigated for the trace detection of Rh. Maximum activation of Rh with minimal interferences was achieved with protons of 11 MeV. The detection limit for the nondestructive assay of Rh is 0.03 ppm.
Trace analysis methods have been developed for determining thallium, lead and bismuth. Proton or deuteron activation is used
followed by a radiochemical separation of the reaction products:203Pb from thallium,206Bi from lead, and207Po from bismuth. Activation curves are presented for different nuclear reactions occuring on the elements studied. Determinations
have been carried out on high purity samples containing varying amounts of thallium, lead, and bismuth. Based on experimental
data, the detection limits are estimated at 0.01 ppm for lead, and 0.001 ppm for thallium and bismuth, respectively.
The Time-of-Flight (ToF) technique can be used for mass identification, for separation of a specified mass or for measuring the energy of a given mass particle. The instrumentation required is simple and low in cost. The method features high yield, transmission efficiency is typically of 5 to 20%. Even with short flight paths (5 to 10 cm), ToF has adequate mass resolution (M/M
300 to 500) for identifying isotopic species. This paper examines the scope of ToF in nuclear science with examples in mass spectrometry, in mass separation and in kinetic energy measurements of fixed mass particles. An example of the latter is the energy determination of recoil nuclei. If a recoil is produced inside a solid, the residual recoil energy reveals the depth from which it originates. This approach is used for profiling nitrogen via14N(n, p)14C. The ToF measurement of the14C recoil energies reveals the depth distribution of nitrogen with better than 50 Å resolution.
A survey is given on the analytical use of X-ray emitting radioisotopes produced by charged particle activation. Thirty-nine
proton and deuteron reactions were considered on twentysix elements (34≤Z≤82). Thick target yields and sensitivity estimates
are presented. The features and limitations of this method and the scope of non-destructive and destructive determinations
are discussed. The main interest of this approach is to open an avenue for trace analysis with simplified data acquisition
This method is based upon the measurement of 3.95-hr43Sc which is formed during α-activation from40Ca, the most abundant (96.8%) isotope of calcium. The excitation function for the40Ca(α, p)43Sc reaction was determined and the maximum yield of43Sc (about 107 cpm per mg of calcium for a 1-hr irradiation at a beam current of 1 μA) was obtained at an irradiation energy of 14 MeV.
The interference free sensitivity of the method at this energy was found to be 8.5·10−12 g, for a 1-hr irradiation at a beam current of 10 μA. The elements most likely to interfere with the determination are potassium
and scandium. The extent of this interference was investigated as a function of irradiation energy and methods to eliminate
or subtract the activity formed from these elements are discussed. An attempt was made to determine non-destructively the
calcium content of very pure silicon and aluminium and upper limits for the concentration of calcium in these samples were
set at 0.27 ppb and 6.9 ppb, respectively. Magnesium, thulium oxide and yttrium oxide samples of known calcium content were
The scope of NDP can be expanded by measuring (via time-of-flight) the kinetic energies of the recoils emitted from (n,p) or (n,) reactions. When they occur inside a solid, the energies of the emerging recoils reveal depth from which they originated. The Recoil Nucleus Time-of-Flight NDP (RN-TOF-NDP) technique can reveal the depth distribution of some isotopes (e.g.,10B,210Bi) with a resolution of a few Å. Furthermore, it is possible to detect atomic and molecular species ejected at the surface site where the recoil emerges from the solid. This paper discusses the methodology for RN-TOF-NDP and its applications including surface analysis based on atomic and molecular ions codesorbed with the recoils.
The backscattering performance of 2 MeV He+ and N+ beams was studied using Ta2O5 targets as test targets. To allow ready comparison, the scattering geometry, projectile energy, and detection system were kept identical for both beams. Tantalum oxide films with thicknesses of 200 Å to 4000 Å were examined. For thickness determinations, beam straggling was found to be the major limiting factor. For thickness measurements below 1000 Å the N+ beam is best suited for larger thicknesses; the He+ beam is superior. For stoichiometric determinations both beams provide equally accurated and precise data.


Are You Making These 5 Book Marketing Mistakes?
Writing a book is only a 1/3 of the writing process. While many writers are familiar and enthusiastic about writing and publishing their books, few give thought to how marketing said book will affect them in the future until they find themselves waist deep in mistakes. If you've recently published or are planning to publish by the end of the year, check your strategy for these 5 marketing mistakes!
1. Thinking Your Book Will Sell Itself
For some writers, writing the book is the main focus. This is fine whilst the book is being written, but at some point the book will eventually come to an end, and the next phase of production will begin. This means querying for an agent or publisher, self-publishing, and promoting your book's sales. If you're new to the process of book marketing, you may find yourself thinking things like "I'm an author. I write the books, I don't sell them." or "People buy my book, they don't buy me." Unfortunately both of these are misconceptions. Thinking that you'll write a book that will wind up as big hit overnight without any effort on your part is a big mistake.
There's no such thing as "sleeper hits" or the "discovery fairy". When you see books making the Best-Sellers Lists, being promoted on TV or the web, or selling well in stores, it's because there was an author (and their team) dedicated to the marketing behind it. If your only intention is to publish a book, then its not necessary to do anything but publish it. However, if you expect to see any income or to see your story be successful, prepare yourself to do a lot of the ground work to get it there. Whether you are self-publishing or traditionally publishing, it's your responsibility as the author to promote and successfully sell your book.
The best way to jump-start your sales is get people talking. Your potential readers need to know about your bookthis means getting the word out to the best of your ability. Start small by spreading the word and enlisting your readers and fellow writing friends to help you. Get those reviews in on Amazon, Goodreads, and other reviewing sites. Make sure that you are actively utilizing social media to help raise awareness and attract potential readers. If you can attract enough attention, you'll see your sales rate raise over time.
2. Blaming Your Lack of Sales On Something Other Than Yourself
One of the most common mistakes amateur authors make is to blame their lack of success on "macro" effects on the market. This refers to phenomenons like a holiday, the summer slump, the algorithm changes on Amazon, turbulent elections, etc. While its easy to blame your lack of sales or a lack of attention on things such as these, the reality is that individual authors aren't typically affected by these larger forces. Only big publishers and businesses need to worry about them.
Unfortunately, knowing that means you have to take responsibility for why your books aren't selling rather than blaming something else for your lack of income. As an author, your book sales are much more affected by the "micro", meaning that it's entirely up to you (and your decisions) when it comes to success.
Ask yourself the following:
 - When did you last release?
 - When did you last advertise or otherwise promote?
If the answer is that you haven't or you don't remember, then it's most likely that you're the cause of your own problem. Remember, the more effort you put into the above, the more progress you'll make overall so focus on these and keep going.
How To Boost Holiday Book Sales On Social Media
5 Social Media Tips For Writers
A List Of Book-Selling Ideas For The Holidays
10 Truths About Why You're Not Gaining Followers On Social Media (And Their Solutions)
3. Using A One-Size-Fits All Marketing Approach
Always be aware of who you're speaking to when trying to advertise your book. You wouldn't ask a stranger you don't know directly for a loan, just like you wouldn't address a friend with a cold and informal greeting. The same goes for marketing. Knowing who you're trying to attract makes all the difference when it comes to your marketing strategy.
At a loss for how to begin? That's okay! A good rule of thumb is to use the 80/20 rule. Use 80% of your time to promote your story by showing off snippets, letting readers get to know your characters and plotline, sharing fun facts or tidbits about your writing process, etc. Then once they've been hooked, use the remaining 20% to send them the sales pitch.
Another good tip to keep in mind is to present your readers with value before ever asking them to buy. Sharing a resource, helping them with a problem, sharing an anecdote about an emotional time in your life, and generally speaking being relatable are all ways that you as an author can offer your supporters value without relying on marketing materials. Freebies and other promotional items don't hurt though so definitely invest some time and money there as well!
4. Treating Ad Platforms As Equals
Okay, so you've had some success when it comes to engagement and your initial sales launch, what next? The answer is often to spread the word via Ad platforms such as Facebook, BookBub, and Amazon. The pitfall is when you start to rest on your success and start treating each of these platforms as equals. The truth is they're all different and that should be taken into consideration when you use them. There are key differences between platforms in terms of audience, targeting, bids, price sensitivity, and what images work best. While learning the individual quirks may be challenging at first, the rewards are well worth it.
For example, while targeting a specific author's audience on Facebook may be useful, the same will not be true for BookBub Ads, where the size of their following will be skewed by how many Featured Deals or BookBub Ads they have run. This means the best approach is to vary your targets and select entirely different authors when using this site. By creating a custom list of authors on BookBub you improve the performance of your ads overall and subsequently discover new authors to target in the process.
The same line of thinking goes with social media in general. You can't expect to utilize Twitter and Instagram the same way, because simply put they're not the same. Each social media site has its own quirks and trends that work. Understanding these tactics and tailoring your approach to each individual site will ensure you succeed across the board instead of stagnating after a certain point.
5. Chasing Trends Instead of Focusing On What Matters
Chasing trends and always being on top of what's next may be fun and seem worthwhile, but in the long run these are just distractions. Authors who focus on their core business (writing high quality stories at a consistent rate) are typically more successful. Why? Because they chose to focus on marketing through conventional channels (email, reader sites, Facebook, BookBub, Amazon Ads, cross-promotion, and newsletter updates).
It's not about being the first to do something, it's about consistency. By utilizing all the resources you can and investing your time and energy into your core business you increase the level of results you'll see overall.
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text:
UML 2 in a Nutshell: Use Case Diagrams
Source: O'Reilly Media
Use cases are a way to capture system functionality and requirements in UML. Use case diagrams consist of named pieces of functionality (use cases), the persons or things invoking the functionality (actors), and possibly the elements responsible for implementing the use cases (subjects). Use cases represent distinct pieces of functionality for a system, a component, or even a class. Each use case must have a name that is typically a few words describing the required functionality, such as View Error Log. UML provides two ways to draw a use case.


text:
Handling cash in a garage
A contextualised set of Functional Maths tasks for Motor Vehicle students. Includes:
- Counting up money and making up floats
- Adding up prices and working out change
- Extracting information from a table
An alternative version of this worksheet is also available (Handling cash in a salon).
Both worksheets are linked to the "Working with Decimals" lesson plan and PPT by Charlotte Gustar (listed under See also below).


text:
|Internal exposures and alpha strong toxicity|
The curve illustrates the dangers of alpha and beta emitters fixed l in the body where the radiation can cause the most damage. In tissue whose density is similar to water, alpha emitters such as radium and plutonium deposit their 5 MeV of energy over a short path of a few hundredths microns. These alpha particles may reach sensitive bone cells and eventually cause osteosarcomas. In the case of beta emitters such as strontium 90, beta rays are less energetic but travel a longer path. They can reach as far as the bone marrow and eventually cause leukaemia.


text: NDCG measures a model's ability to rank query results in the order of the highest relevance. Actual relevance scores are usually determined by user interaction. For example, if users tend to click on results ranked high on the list, then the NDCG value will be high. Conversely, if users tend to click on query results that are ranked low on the list, it would mean that the ranking model is doing poorly, and the NDCG value will be low. NDCG values range between 0 and 1 with 1 being the highest. Arize computes NDCG using the standard log2 discount function.


text:
Economic realism claims that the only value which ought
No more than two pages with double space1.Economic realism claims that the only value which ought to inform the law is that of economic efficiency. Given the fact that we, as a society, can no longer expect moral consensus, are there any shared values (consider Dworkin's conception of "politically moral values" fromLesson 8) that we could reasonably appeal to in order to limit the excesses of economic realism?2.Compare and contrast the economic realist's theory of self-interested individualism with Marx's conception of species being. Which theory of human nature do you agree with and why?
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text:
Paleonutrition is the analysis of prehistoric human diets and the interpretation of dietary intake in relation to health and nutrition. As a field of study, it addresses prehistoric diets in order to determine the biological and cultural implications for individuals as well as for entire populations, placing archaeological interpretations into an anthropological context. Throughout history, and long before written records, human culture has been constantly in flux. The study of paleonutrition provides valuable insights into shifts and changes in human history, whatever their causes.
This is the most comprehensive and up-to-date book on the topic. Intended for students and professionals, it describes the nature of paleonutrition studies, reviews the history of paleonutrition research, discusses methodological issues in the reconstruction of prehistoric diets, presents theoretical frameworks frequently used in paleonutrition research, and showcases examples in which paleonutritional analyses have been successfully conducted on prehistoric individuals, groups, and populations. It offers an integrative approach to understanding state-of-the-art anthropological dietary, health, and nutritional assessments. The most recent and innovative methods used to reconstruct prehistoric diets are discussed, along with the major ways in which paleonutrition data are recovered, analyzed, and interpreted.
Paleonutrition includes five contemporary case studies that provide useful models of how to conduct paleonutrition research. Topics range from ancient diets in medieval Nubia to children's health in the prehistoric American Southwest to honey use by an ethnographic group of East African foragers. As well as providing interesting examples of applying paleonutrition techniques, these case studies illustrate the mutually beneficial linkages between ethnography and archaeology.
Find in a Library
University of Arizona Press
Paleonutrition, Prehistoric Human Diets, Health, Nutrition
Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition | Medicine and Health Sciences
Sutton, M. Q., Sobolik, K. D., & Gardner, J. (2010). Paleonutrition. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.


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Phosphoricum Acidum - Nose symptoms - Hahnemann
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HPUS indication of Phosphoricum Acidum: Headache
Have you ever used Acid Phos? Yes No
< < Acid Phosmain page
A very acute sense of smell.
The tip of the nose itches, he must scratch it.
Tingling and burning on the nose.
A little pimple on the tip of the nose, with throbbing in it, and pain when touched.
Swelling of the dorsum of the nose, with red spots, also on the sides; these come and again disappear, with a sensation of tension.
Itching scab on the lower part of the septum of the nose.
From the posterior nares a bitter mucus frequently flows into the fauces and the mouth.
Cold nose.
Flow of pus from the nose.
Bleeding from the nose and frequent expulsion of blood, when blowing it.
Dry nose.
Catarrhal fever; all his limbs are painful and he has no relish for anything.
Contractive pains, as it were, constricting the pit of the throat, worse when bending the neck.
Roughness in the throat, impeding speech.
Severe hoarseness.
Excitation to cough at times, causing, however, merely a few stitches in the palate, but no cough.
Excitation to cough, from a tickling in the pit of the throat.
Cough, as if caused by the tickling of a feather, from the middle of the chest to the larynx.
Constant excitation to cough.
Cough, caused by burning in the chest.
Severe cough, which causes heaving for vomiting, but without pain.
Cough, with inclination to vomit.
Cough, with vomiting of food.
Dry cough, caused by tickling deep in the chest, just above the scrobiculus cordis; the cough is worst in the evening, after lying down.
Cough, with expectoration, after the chest felt full on awaking.
Violent cough, with copious expectoration, causing the abdomen to pain.
Cough, in the morning, with yellow expectoration.
Cough with an expectoration having an herb-like taste and smell.
Before the cough, the child cries in advance, on account of the pains in the abdomen.
Headache from cough, as if the skull would burst open.
Stoppage from mucus in the nose.
Violent coryza, while the edges of the nose are red.
During the cough and the fluent coryza, burning in the chest and in the throat, extending into the mouth, even while she was not coughing.
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Publications > Poverty Times #3 > Where death really counts
Poverty Times #3
Where death really counts
by Richard Adams
The satirical US magazine Spy, during its heyday at the end of the 1980s, ran a regular feature calculating the space the New York Times would devote to a tragedy. The greater the number of dead US citizens and the closer they were to Times Square, the calculation predicted, the more column inches the Times would devote to it.
Every month or so, Spy would compare its prediction with the actual coverage, and voila! the algorithm was proved correct - so a murder on Fifth Avenue was worth hundreds of African famine victims. British newspapers have never been quite so parochial but clever mathematicians might bend their minds to creating similar arithmetic for British media.
Designing such a calculation is going to be harder. Based on the relative coverage of the fl ooding in Bangladesh last July and the hurricane in Florida last August, it's not just proximity or the presence of Britons that makes the difference. There's something else going on, something that's harder to put into fi gures. Xenophobia is one thing, but how does an equation account for skin colour?
Obviously, things that happen in Britain are going to be more extensively covered. Flash-fl ooding in Cornwall rightly gets rolling news coverage. But how can we explain the huge discrepancy between the space and effort devoted to Hurricane Charley in Florida, and the fl ooding in Bangladesh? Obviously, one place is a long-haul fl ight away, is regularly prone to natural disasters and political unrest, and many of the residents belong to a foreign culture and do not speak English - yes, that's Florida.
Bangladesh, on the other hand, was a British colony up until 1947, is still a member of the Commonwealth and has a large number of its citizens living in the UK, as well as many other cultural and fi nancial links. Yet all that counts for little when weighed against the key issue: Bangladesh is not home to Disneyworld.
It may have an ancient culture dating back thousands of years but it does not have Disneyworld. So when people see "breaking news" with warnings of titanic fl oods in Bangladesh, followed by live footage of the looming disaster, they do not think: "Oh no, I wonder if this will affect the beautiful 18th century Kantaji Temple in Dinajpur." But when they see storm warnings about Florida, they worry about a theme park built on a swamp by a rightwing weirdo. Of course there were no "breaking news" fl ashes or breathless live coverage of the impending disaster in Bangladesh. In fact the number of British correspondents there is very small indeed, whereas one can barely spit in the US without hitting a British journalist.
Given that the US is the world's economic and military superpower, it's no surprise that that it gets more coverage. But Bangladesh is a country of 140 million, mainly Muslims, making it rather important. It is also the world's No 1 contributor to UN peacekeeping missions, and has a vital role to play in world affairs, given that it sits right by India and China, the likely powerhouses of the future.
It's no good saying that Bangladesh is always getting hit by fl oods, since Florida is always getting hit by hurricanes. Just on raw statistics alone, Florida should barely get a mention. The fl oods in India, Nepal and Bangladesh caused a death toll of nearly 2,000. Nearly half of those occurred in Bangladesh, where more than 30 million people have been affected by homelessness and disease.
In Florida the death toll was 16 - yet by Monday Britain's newspapers had carried 19,000 words in six days of coverage. In a month since the fl ooding in Bangladesh began, only 9,000 words were carried. The easy conclusion is that people in Florida are white and speak English (except that lots of them are Latin and speak Spanish) while Bangladeshis are neither white nor English-speaking.
But it's worse than that. The only time Bangladesh even gets a mention on the news here is when there's a deadly fl ood. The media are caught in a cleft stick, that the only way developing countries get coverage is in a manner that does serious harm to our perception of them. The more that is written about fl oods and disasters, the less we take places such as Bangladesh seriously.
Richard Adams is a leader-writer for the Guardian. This article was fi rst published by the Guardian on August 20, 2004. Copyright Guardian Newspapers Limited 2004.


text:
Help with your AGL Energy account or AGL online tools.
Hi there. I have been quite concerned about my high gas bill and am now taking steps to reduce it. I want to keep tabs on the usage, know how to calculate so I can have an estimated figure in mind come next billing period
Go to Answer
Thank you for your enquiry!
The formula used to calculate your gas consumption in mega joules can vary slightly depending on the type of gas meter you have at your property. However, the most common formula is as follows:
(End read - Start read) x Heating value x Pressure factor = Usage (MJ)


text:
You're JUST like ME!!
This is not a personal idea of mine but I thought it was great!
Depending on the number and type of students in the class, make up some categories and write them on the board.
Examples of categories teacher can write on the board
-sports fanatics = love to play or watch sports
-bookworms = love to read
-gamblers = like to take chances
-clotheshorses = are very fashion-conscious and often have a lot of clothes or spend a lot of time and money on their wardrobes
-food freaks = really love food and eating
-homebodies = prefer staying home to going out
-workaholics = are very hard workers and often work overtime
-couch potatoes = prefer watching TV or reading to going out or getting exercise
-Teacher explains each category.
-Ask students to choose one category that they think best describes their personality. (Note: Tell students that this is just for fun so they shouldn't take their choice too seriously.)
-Students who chose the same category form a group.
-Groups discuss why they chose the category they did, why they think it is a good description of themselves, and why it is fun.
-Each student writes down on worksheet a few ideas of what he has heard and each group puts their ideas together.
-A chosen secretary within the group synthesizes the ideas.
-A chosen spokesperson within each group presents the ideas to the class.
Language targeted by activity:
Use of the present verb tense.
The formulation of opinion sentences using because.
Use of argument to prove category is the most fun.
Language needed for interaction:
I choose ________ because, I like, enjoy, I think _______ is the best, greatest because___________.
Proper sentence structure when using because.
Proper intonation use in persuasion sentences.
Choice of effective ideas in argument
Proper choice and use of adjectives.
World's Best Jobs!
Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2008 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Unfortunately _USER_/_USER_'s answer is incorrect. (_USER_'s maybe too, but the wording is hard to parse.)
Suppose you have a class
a.b.C and you arrange that the same class gets loaded by two different classloaders. According to the specifications, you will end up with two distinct
Class objects with the fully qualified name
a.b.C, and from the type system perspective two distinct types. Each of the types will have a different set of static variables.
The primary reference for this is JLS 4.3.4 - paragraphs 2 and 3.
You can infer that each reference type that is distinct (at runtime) will have a distinct set of statics from JLS 4.12.3, JLS 126.96.36.199, JLS 12.4, and other parts of the language spec.
So basically, will the following statement always be true:
In general it won't.
It will always be true in some cases, depending on how
myField. For instance, if the field is initialized to a literal String, then it will.
(The trick to observing this is to arrange that
MyClass is actually loaded by the two classloaders
B, and not by a common ancestor classloader.)


text:
The Japanese are known for their fondness of long hot bathsbe it in their famous onsens, public baths or even just the tub at home. Now, new research from the country has found that those who regularly take hot baths are significantly less likely to develop heart disease and have a stroke.
For the study, the researchers tracked the bathing habits and rates of cardiovascular disease and events of over 30,076 Japanese adults for 19 years between 1990 and 2009. Altogether over the study period, there were 2097 cases of heart disease, alongside 275 heart attacks, 53 sudden cardiac deaths and 1769 strokes.
After adjusting the results for other lifestyle variables, the researchers found that those who took a bath every day were at a 28% lower risk of developing heart disease, as well as a 26% lower risk of having a stroke when compared to those who took a bath just twice weekly or less. A further analysis of preferred water temperature showed that those who preferred warm water had a 26% lower risk of overall cardiovascular complications, while for those who prefered hot water, their risk reduced by 35%.
Although the study is based upon correlational findings, the researchers believe that the findings come thanks to the hot water lowering blood pressure while maintaining heart rate and regulating how effectively the heart is able to pump blood around the body. Interestingly, the researchers found the same results for people who undertake aerobic activity.
Dr. S. Russell Vester, the chief of the division of cardiovascular surgery at The Jewish Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio said, "Let's say you do, as you should, 30 minutes of low-level activity (such as walking) 5 days a week. If bathing 5 days a week brings your heart rate up and your blood pressure down, that's a similar result."
However, having not heard of cardiologists prescribing patients hot baths as a preventative measure against heart disease, he urges that people with preexisting cardiovascular issues consult their doctor before taking one. This comes as certain conditions may become aggravated by submersion in hot water.


Would you like to know about Prince William's home? Watch the film and find out. Then learn some words and grammar for describing your own home.
Task 1 - places and homes
Task 2 - rooms and places in the palace
Task 3 - understanding the film
Write about your home using 'There is / There are'. If you go to a college, ask your teacher to look at your writing.


The word "amen" appears to be of pagan origin. But it is used quite often in the Bible. Can you explain this?
If we base our use of the word on the Hebrew meaning, then it is not a sin to use it. However, if we attribute life and power to some pagan god as we use it, then we are using it improperly and not in the same manner as did the writers of the Bible. As the Apostle Paul stated, in Romans 14:23, "…whatsoever is not of faith is sin."


Search Your keyword
3 types of buzzing
Posted on July 27, 2004 by
Why lip buzz or mpc buzz or leadpipe buzz. What is the difference. Besides I heard that a study showed we don't have to buzz.
Many great teachers advocated lip and or mouthpiece buzzing (to certain students).
They are used as exercises and to teach a certain concept. After the idea is understood the buzzing is stopped.
Leadpipe buzzing has more to do with AIR-flow while lip buzzing deals with Strength, range and a close embouchure setting. Mouthpiece buzzing is normally to work on a dynamic embouchure rather than static one. So that your embouchure can always adjust and shift registers as you play.
Strength exercises are short lived so as NOT to impede lip flexibility. AIR exercises are forever.
FWIW we've known since the early 60's that there is a standing wave setup in the tubing of the trumpet. I first read Schilke's report in 73 or 74. The fact that a buzz is not required does not mean that the skill learned doing it is not important.
If you only know how to dogpaddle then you can "say" you know how to swim. I doubt that a dogpaddle would win a swim meet however. Knowledge and skills always pay off.


text:
Turbulence simulation of fluid flow in channels of plate heat exchangers for heating domestic hot water in a Belgrade heating substation is the topic of this paper.
The standard K-model of turbulence is used in this paper to test turbulence phenomena in channels.
The modelling for different flow rates of fluids across channels, adopted in boundary conditions, is of particular importance in this paper.
The rate of flow in the input region of the channels was believed to be 0.01 m/sec and 0.1 m/sec, respectively, which presupposed minimum and maximum values based on measured fluid velocities in the heat substations.
The values of the exchanged kinetic energy and the character of the transition in the amplitude of the estimates of these velocities in the direction of all three axes are calculated using these assumed speeds.
We may calculate the unsteadiness of the velocity and return currents in these channels and in their contour surfaces, as well as the "dead spots" where the fluid does not pass, using these projections.
The estimated values of the streamline's Reynolds number for the assumed fluid velocity in channels are presented in this paper.
These phenomena can cause a variety of issues with heat and dirt transmission in plate heat exchanger channels where there is no circulation.
As a result, the obtained results can be used to dimension and pick heat exchangers, as well as to determine their ideal operating conditions.
Author (s) Details
Dr. Dragan Mandic
JKP Belgrade Power Plants, Savski Nasip 11, Belgrade, Serbia.
View Book :- _URL_


cover icon white background
Appendix B
Unattended Vehicles Statutes
Ten States have laws prohibiting adults from leaving unattended children in motor vehicles. Two States have laws specifically related to injury or death caused by leaving a child in a vehicle. Thrity-Eight States have no laws specifically protecting children from this vehicle occupancy neglect. Legislators have proposed bills addressing this issue in twelve of these States. Existing State statutes are listed found below:
Cal. Veh. Code § 15620 (2004)
Leaving a child unattended inside a motor vehicle prohibited
 1. Where there are conditions that present a significant risk to the child's health or safety.
 2. When the vehicle's engine is running or the vehicle's keys are in the ignition, or both.
dollars ($100)


Voltmeter of the Poor: 1 LED Voltmeter
 1. Connect two LEDs to pins 10 and 11. Use the appropriate resistors to limit currents through the LEDs.
 2. Write a program that would read the voltage from analog input A0 and turn on LED1 (pin 10) if the voltage is less than 2V and turn on LED2 otherwise (voltage exceeds 2V). Connect Arduino and upload your sketch. LED1 should come on and stay on. Hint: you may find the function "delay" handy.
That's something you can do. What have you done so far?


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Tip of the Day
Language: C++
Expertise: Intermediate
Jan 31, 2005
Use Functor for Callbacks in C++
Using the callback function in C is pretty straightforward, but in C++ it becomes little tricky.
If you want to use a member function as a callback function, then the member function needs to be associated with an object of the class before it can be called. In this case, you can use functor.
Suppose you need to use the member function get() of the class base as a callback function
class base
 int get ()
 { return 7;}
Then, you need to define a functor:
class CallbackFunctor
 functor(const base& b):m_base(b)
 int operator() ()
 return m_base.get();
Now you can use an object of CallbackFunctor as a callback function as follows.
Define the function that needs a callback to take an argument of type CallbackFunctor:
void call (CallbackFunctor& f)
 cout << f() << endl;
int main ()
 base b;
 functor f(b);
Saurabh Ramya
Comment and Contribute


text:
This article presents research that used ethnographic and sociolinguistic methods to study ways participants learn through reflection when carried out as a "circle talk." The data indicate that participants in the event (a) invoked different contextual frames that (b) implicated them in various identity positions, which (c) affected how they could express their knowledge. These features worked together to generate socially shared meanings that enabled participants to jointly achieve conceptualization—the ideational role "reflection" is presumed to play in the experiential learning process. The analysis supports the claim that participants generate new knowledge in reflection, but challenges individualistic and cognitive assumptions regarding how this occurs. The article builds on situated views of experiential learning by showing how knowledge can be understood as socially shared and how learning and identity formation are mutually entailing processes.
Journal of Experiential Education
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Seaman, J., and Rheingold, A. (2013). Circle talks as situated experiential learning: Context, identity, and knowledgeability in 'learning from reflection'. Journal of Experiential Education, 36(2), 155-174. _URL_


text:
The study ranks areas of the Scotland according to the hardship they face, and highlights vast differences in fortunes among groups.
The figures show one in ten families in Glasgow faces severe disadvantage – three times the national average.
The study published today by the think-tank Demos looks beyond purely financial measures of poverty and examines instead how a combination of issues such as unemployment, overcrowding and poor health can compound problems faced by families.
The study looked at low income, unemployment, physical and mental health problems and a lack of qualifications in 28,000 households in Scotland.
Families affected by four or more disadvantages were considered "severely disadvantaged".
Louise Bazalgette, the report's author, said the work recognises that hardship is about more than low income.
"It provides insight into the struggle thousands of families across Scotland go through on a daily basis coping with poverty, worklessness and poor health," she said.
"The extent of severe disadvantage in some areas of Scotland shows the scale of the challenge for some local authorities, who need to find effective ways to work with families facing a complex set of problems at a time of dwindling public resources."
Regions with the lowest proportion of very disadvantaged families included Grampian, east and west Dunbartonshire and Edinburgh. In Glasgow only 38% of families were unaffected by any of the social disadvantages surveyed. Some 11% were affected by four or more.
South Lanarkshire families were the next most likely to face major disadvantages, followed by those in North Lanarkshire and Fife.
However, South Lanarkshire was also shown to be more unequal than any other part of the country. The proportion of families without any significant challenges there – 58% – is higher than the national average, but so is the 7% with four or more disadvantages.
Across Scotland, on average 53% of families faced no disadvantages while 4% were affected by four or more.
The research also found households in Scotland with children in which the parents are unmarried are six times more likely to be severely disadvantaged than households in which they are married.
Lone-parent households made up 51% of those facing severe disadvantage, while 77% of the most severely disadvantaged were living in social housing
Ms Bazalgette said the report was the first phase of a project looking at family disadvantage in Scotland. The next stage will look in detail at the problems of families facing a complex mix of social barriers, and try to develop policy responses.
The research was supported by Quarriers, which supports struggling adults and children.
Chief executive Paul Moore said the charity was launching a new appeal to support families in Scotland.
"Multiple disadvantage has a compounding effect, creating a perfect storm of complex, interrelated hardships that feed off each other and are incredibly difficult to overcome," he said.
"Quarriers' mission is to step in to ensure the needs of these disadvantaged families are met – and we aim to do so through Scotland's Family Appeal
Research was conducted by Demos and NatCen, using statistics from the 2009-10 Scottish Household Survey.


aspartate ammonia-lyase
(redirected from aspartase)
Also found in: Encyclopedia.
as·par·tate am·mo·ni·a-ly·ase
a nonmammalian enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of l-aspartate to fumarate, splitting out ammonia.
Mentioned in?
References in periodicals archive?
20) MRS may show normal to increased choline and myoinositol and decreased n-acetyl aspartase.
pestis lacks aspartase activity in this environment, the bacteria converted L-glutamate into aspartic acid during the time of bacterial restriction.
However, it has been shown that the kinetics of enzymes can be changed by polyhydric alcohols (25) and that aspartase is activated by glycerol, ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol), and propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol) (26).


Question: Do Naturopaths Go To Med School?
What is the best naturopathic medical school?
Universidad Del Turabo.
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana.
Bastyr University.
National University of Natural Medicine.More items….
Does an ND go to medical school?
NDs graduate from accredited naturopathic medical schools(four-year, in residence, post-graduate medical programs). In addition to a standard medical curriculum, NDs complete four years of training in clinical nutrition, acupuncture, homeopathic medicine, botanical medicine, physical medicine, and counseling.
How hard is it to get into naturopathic medical school?
Can naturopaths write prescriptions?
Do naturopathic doctors make good money?
Naturopathic doctors in the United States make an average salary of $205,701 per year or $98.89 per hour. People on the lower end of that spectrum, the bottom 10% to be exact, make roughly $88,000 a year, while the top 10% makes $479,000. As most things go, location can be critical.
How long is school for a naturopathic doctor?
Can I legally call myself a doctor?
If you are attempting to treat a disease or write a prescription, you'll need a license. However, just calling yourself a doctor is not illegal, although there are not many reasons why you should do so.
Can you become a naturopathic doctor online?
What do naturopaths treat anxiety?
Effective supplements include: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (or GABA), L-theanine, passionflower, Scutellaria lactiflora (skullcap), hops, Piper methysticum (kava), lavender, adaptogens such as Withamnia Somnifera ( ashwagandha ), lithium orotate, and magnesium.
Do Naturopathic doctors work in hospitals?
NDs work in private practice, hospitals, clinics, community health centers, universities, and private industry. NDs often collaborate with conventional physicians in the co-management and mutual referral of patients.
How much does naturopathic school cost?
Do dentists have the title Dr?
Yes- A dentist is most definitely a doctor and is able to refer to him/herself as "Dr". Dentists are dental surgeons.
How much do naturopathic physicians make?
What drugs can naturopaths prescribe?
Probably the most common medications naturopathic physicians prescribe are thyroid medicine, antibiotics, diabetic medications, and antihypertensives.
Are naturopaths quacks?
Are homeopathic doctors quacks?
Homeopathy has been widely debunked as pseudoscience. Currently, 17 states and the District of Columbia have laws requiring naturopathic providers to be licensed or registered. They need a degree in naturopathic studies and a passing score on the NPLEX, or the Naturopathic Physicians licensing exam.
What states license naturopathic doctors?
States currently offering licensure or registration to naturopathic physicians:Alaska.Arizona.California.Colorado.Connecticut.District of Columbia.Hawaii.Idaho.More items…
Is a naturopathic doctor a medical doctor?
Naturopathic doctors are real doctors but their approach to medicine is slightly different than that of most medical doctors. NDs receive similar levels of training and share similar diagnostic and assessment skills but the foundational philosophy of their distinct system of medicine differs from conventional medicine.
Is MCAT required for naturopathic medical school?
All of the AANMC member naturopathic medical programs require prerequisite courses to apply. Please see the tabs below for more information on each program's checklist. The MCAT is not required for ND admission, but may be reviewed if you have taken it.
Are naturopaths allowed to call themselves doctors?
Naturopaths are regulated in five provinces – B.C, Alberta, Saskatchewan. Manitoba and Ontario. As well, "Any ND (naturopathic doctor) practising in Ontario is required by regulation to make it known that they are a 'ND', NOT an MD," the college said.
Can chiropractors use the title Dr?


text:
Land of the Maori
RN Bush Telegraph's program flew across the Tasman this week to look at the agricultural side of New Zealand, a country that's both a close ally and a fierce competitor for Australia in world trade.
One interesting aspect is the role of the Indigenous people, the Maori, who own large amounts of land, some of it prime farming country and some of it rugged and mountainous.
They're trying to make themselves a more powerful force in NZ agriculture, by moving into industries as diverse as forestry, dairying and honey production.
Broadcaster Eru Rerekura gives us a snapshot of life in a bi-cultural society.
Jamie Tuuta, the chief executive of the Maori Trustee, explains its role in managing and protecting Maori land, while Traci Houpapa, chair of the Federation of Maori Authorities, explains the strategies to develop new primary industry for her people.


endiary arrows and "fire tubes" possibly an early form of the Hwacha were developed and placed on Korean warships. The policy of placing cannons and other gunpowder weapons continued well into the Joseon Dynasty and by 1410, over 160 Joseon warships had cannons on board. Choe Mu-seon, a medieval Korean inventor, military commander and scientist who introduced widespread use of gunpowder to Korea for the first time and creating various gunpowder based weapons.
See also[edit]
 2. ^ Kyu Chull Kim (8 March 2012). Rootless: A Chronicle of My Life Journey. AuthorHouse. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-4685-5891-3. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
 3. ^ "Koryo Dynasty". Encyclopedia of World History II. p. 238.
 4. ^ Encyclopedia of World History, Vol II, P238 Koryo Dynasty, Edited by Marsha E. Ackermann, Michael J. Schroeder, Janice J. Terry, Jiu-Hwa Lo Upshur, Mark F. Whitters, ISBN 978-0-8160-6386-4
 5. ^ a b _URL_ |Daum Encyclopædia Britannica
 8. ^ 국사편찬위원회, 고등학교국사교과서 p63(National Institute of Korean History, History for High School Students, p64)[1][dead link]
 10. ^ The Mongols Co-opt the Turks to Rule All under Heaven: Crippled the Dual-System and Expelled by Chinese Rebellion by Wontack Hong
 11. ^ Baasanjavyin Lkhagvaa-Solongos, Mongol-Solongosyin harilstaanii ulamjlalaas, p.172
 12. ^ a b Thomas T. Allsen - Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia, p.53
 13. ^ NamjilSolongos-Mongolyin haritsaa: Ert, edugee, p.64
 14. ^ Henthorn, William E. (1963). Korea: the Mongol invasions. E.J. Brill. pp. 226–234.
 15. ^ Benjamin H. Hazard-The Formative Years of The Wakō, 1223-63, Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 22, No. 3/4 (1967), pp. 260-277
 18. ^ Wood, Nigel. "Technological Parallels between Chinese Yue wares and Korean celadons." in Papers of the British Association for Korean Studies (BAKS Papers), vol 5. Gina Barnes and Beth McKillop, eds. London: British Association for Korean Studies, 1994; pp. 39-64.
 19. ^ The official history of Koryo, is printed by woodblock 1580.