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Title: Some observations on the granivorous feeding behavior preferences of mice (Mus musculus L.) Authors
|Mclean, D -|
|Fuerst, E -|
|Engleson, J -|
|Burgos, F -|
|Coburn, E -|
Submitted to: Mammali, International Journal of the Systematics, Biology, and Ecology of Mammals
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: January 30, 2012
Publication Date: May 8, 2012
Repository URL: _URL_
Citation: Morris, C.F., Mclean, D., Fuerst, E.P., Engleson, J.A., Burgos, F., Coburn, E. 2012. Some observations on the granivorous feeding behavior preferences of mice (Mus musculus L.). Mammali, International Journal of the Systematics, Biology, and Ecology of Mammals. 76:209-218. Interpretive Summary: The house mouse is one of the most successful and widespread mammals on earth. It is by nature an omnivore but has evolved and adapted to be a primary consumer of a wide range of seeds and cereal grains. The success of the house mouse is likely due to its adaptation to living in proximity and under some level of indirect protection by humans. As further intrigue, the commensal adaptation of the house mouse likely coincided with the establishment of sedentary agriculture in the Fertile Crescent and the cultivation and domestication of cereals some 10,000 years ago. Clearly, the evolutionary trajectories of mice, humans and the 'fertile crescent' cereal crops are inter-related. Our interest lies in the inter-generic through intra-specific differences among cereal grains, including the presence/absence, composition and adherence of hulls, grain color, texture, taste, and nutrition. In this report, we examine the feeding behaviour preferences of the house mouse in relation to various traits of wheat grains. Mice are by nature granivores, and in this study they readily consumed a variety of wheat grains that varied in kernel texture and color. In fact, mice preferred wheat grains over the laboratory feed pellets approximately four to one. Throughout the study there was a recurring theme that mice appeared to prefer a 'mixed' diet and never chose a single wheat type or food to the complete exclusion of another, regardless of degree of preference. Why the preference for wheat grains over pellets? Texture might play a role, but we were not able to test this. Similarly taste or olfactory cues could play a role.
Technical Abstract: The house mouse (Mus musculus L.) is a highly successful mammal worldwide, in part, due to its adaptive consumption of a wide range of seeds, especially those of the agricultural cereal crops. Preferences or avoidances of specific grain (kernel) attributes of wheat have not been fully characterized. The present study examined the granivorous feeding behaviour of mice in relationship to wheat kernel texture (hardness), bran color, and the presence/absence of hulls. Three wheat taxa were examined: Triticum aestivum ssp. aestivum L. (common bread wheat), T. aestivum ssp. spelta [L.] Thell.) (Spelt), and T. turgidum ssp. dicoccon [Schrank] Thell.) (Emmer). Wheat kernels were presented to individually-caged female mice solely or in paired contrasts ('preference' tests). There was a particularly strong (5 fold) preference for soft white wheat over hard red. Using Near Isogenic wheat lines, the preference was most highly associated with softer texture. This preference was also evidenced in Spelt (soft) vs. Emmer (very hard) comparisons, and non-vitreous (softer) vs. vitreous kernels drawn from the same hard red winter wheat grain lot. To develop a means of discriminating kernels of similar color and morphology, the use of a small dot of fluorescene, or red and blue ink to mark kernels was evaluated. An avoidance for fluorescene developed within a day, whereas red and blue ink showed no effect on consumption. For Spelt, hulls presented no deterrent to consumption, whereas in Emmer, the hulls significantly reduced consumption. In a number of trials, there was often observed a short lag in consumption patterns of new foods suggesting that learning was involved. Regardless of the factor evaluated, all grains were consumed at some level. Soft white wheat was preferred over pellets about 4 to 1. The results raise further questions about the ways mice evaluate grains and make consumption choices.


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Definition of Microtubule motor protein
Microtubule motor protein: A protein that plays a role in spindle assembly and function or in chromosome movement during meiosis or mitosis. See: Dynein; and Kinesin.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 10/9/2012
Drug Medical Dictionary of Terms by Letter
Medical Dictionary Term:
Find out what women really need.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


RIPPLE POWER: Breakdown & Benefits
With its powerful throat hit and minty taste, Power provides packs that punch you find yourself craving! But Power is so much more than meets the eye and, in fact, has an incredible amount of goodness packed into its natural ingredients!
Here at Ripple, we think it's important that our customers know what goes into our devices so they can make an informed choice. So, we thought we'd go into what makes Power so popular!
Power's Peppermint Aroma
Peppermint aroma has been known throughout history to focus energy and improve vitality. In Ancient Rome, Senators used to wear sprigs of mint so that they would be able to keep optimal focus during debates.
Recent scientific research and sociological studies have proven there are clear neurological connections between peppermint aroma and the ability of people to have increased levels of alertness. The University of Cincinnati even found that the addition of peppermint candles in a room of people who were taking tests enabled those examined to improve their concentration.
Whether it's an all-important meeting, or you are just feeling sluggish at the end of a long week, you can be your best and most alert self with the mint aroma in your Power diffuser.
Power's Natural Ginseng Extract
Ginseng has become increasingly attractive for people looking to improve their overall wellbeing, whilst avoiding artificial solutions. In particular, the ability of ginseng to provide people with natural heightening of energy appeals increasingly in a world where more and more is demanded from us in what feels like less and less time. Multiple components within ginseng, such as polysaccharides and oligopeptides, stimulate the production of energy in cells, helping people fight feelings of fatigue.
When 43% of Americans admit that they are too tired to function at work, ginseng (as found in your Power ripple) could be the perfect alternative to that expensive third cup of coffee or sugary energy drink!
Power's Natural Gingko Biloba Extract
Gingko Biloba extract is taken from the green leaves of the Gingko plant. The Gingko tree is fascinating as it is one of the oldest tree species in the world and many of them are over 2500 years old and can grow to be over 130 feet tall. The tree is famous for being known as a "living fossil" due to its ability to be one of the very few organisms to remain largely changed over the millions of years. This perhaps goes some way to explaining why it has been used in Chinese medicine for thousands of years. It was traditionally used to open channels of energy to organ systems like the brain.
Today, improving brain function is the primary purpose for using gingko biloba. It has been shown to be especially effective in maintaining people's strength of mind. Gingko biloba sells so well in the United States because of this remarkable feature. If you are someone who's attention or memory always seems to be slipping, you should think about fighting back with a plant—based solution.
Power – a ripple for mind and body
Whilst the Ripple mission is to help people quit smoking and get them off nicotine, our leveraging of aromatherapy has always been intended to help people pace their day and lives.
As you can see, the ingredients in Power means that it is not just a device that can complement a smoking cessation selection but also a special part of a holistic strategy balancing your overall health and wellness routine.


in I'm Still Here
Casey Affleck defended himself with a quote from Picasso: "Art is the lie that tells the truth." But what did Picasso actually mean by that? We all know a portrait is not the real person; a landscape painting doesn't contain real trees. But there's a difference between being real and being true. Art is true in the sense that it shows the artist's observation of the subject and it tells the artist's version of reality. A Cubic painting represents an attitude totally different from, say, lip-syncing. When Ai Weiwei covered the floor of the Turbine Hall at Tate Modern with more than 100 million handmade porcelain sunflower seeds, he didn't pretentiously go around and tell people those were real sunflower seeds. Instead, he was rather true to the facts and open about the fabrication process in the Chinese city of Jingdezhen. The seeds express Ai's view towards the phenomenon of "Made in China," and his association with China culturally, politically, and economically. The seeds are not real, but the art is true.
Ai Weiwei, Sunflower Seeds (at Tate Modern), 2010
Ai's Sunflower Seeds are sculptures of seeds. They look like seeds but they are NOT seeds. Some say, "Who cares whether they are real or fake? They look like real." I found this line of thought quite post-modern. "Look like something" doesn't mean "it is something." Maybe that attitude is the reason why people can be perfectly content with gypsum half Greek columns attached to a plaster white wall.
In Seven Lamps of Architecture, John Ruskin categorized direct falsities in architecture into three basic types: 1) structural deceits (e.g. steel structure that pretends to be stone or wood); 2) surface deceits (painting or cladding that confuses the reading of materiality); 3) operative deceits (false manufacturing process). Set aside the old-fashioned despise of iron and machine work, the bottom line of the argument is that if something in architecture is trying to look like something else, it is a lie. He elaborated with examples: the delicate fan tracery on the ceiling of Milan Cathedral is a deceptive act of painting, while the Sistine ceiling is no deceit because Michelangelo was not trying to trick you into the belief that God and Adam were actually up there.
Left: Milan Cathedral, tracery pattern painted on the ceiling; Right: Sistine Chapel
And there is also the issue of expectation, like the drama of The Social Network vs. the "documentary" I'm Still Here. In Ruskin's opinion, gilding in architecture is no deceit because nobody would actually expect the building to be made in gold; while in jewelry it is, because it could be understood for real gold. In general, we tend to believe rather than disbelieve (especially when it comes from our dear friends and loved ones), because honesty is regarded as a moral norm in our society. When someone makes a fake that very few can tell, it may be because the trick of counterfeiting is so well performed, but largely it is just taking advantage of people's common expectation for truth. One doesn't get credit by telling convincing lies. Rather, it is a narcissistic pretense to think that making oneself believed is more important than telling others the truth.
Kant said, "without truth, social intercourse and conversation become valueless." Deceit shatters the human intuition of trust. We can't even be confident in our ability to distinguish truth from falsity any more. When discover an untruthful part, we start to cast a suspicion upon the whole thing, and then even question the credibility of the person himself. Let's go back to Casey Affleck. Will you be fully convinced if he tells you he will make a real documentary film next time? Another frustrating thing about deceit is that it interferes with our effort to apprehend the true state of affairs, and therefore impair our judgments. With misleading information, we cannot situate ourselves correctly, nor can we make the fair apple-to-apple comparison. We may say things differently if we had the knowledge of the truth. Dishonesty and pretense are not merely playful jokes. It's utterly disheartening to find out all the things you built your assessments upon were not true.
Everybody encounters different constraints and difficulties in life. From time to time you find yourself in a situation that nobody else can fully comprehend. So it's natural that people construct different models of reality and base their decisions and actions on them. But being true is absolute. To maintain integrity and credibility, you must get the facts straight. No matter what actually happened between Zuckerberg and Saverin, neither of them would go all the way to claim that he alone invented facebook.
Monday, October 11, 2010
The girl who sat at the window
Congratulations to Iwan Baan on the Julius Shulman Photography Award! It sounds like a Monday morning quarterback now, but I always think Iwan Baan is the Julius Shulman of our time.
I still remember the story Iwan told me about how he got the close-up of a girl sitting at the window of Toyo Ito's Mikimoto building in Tokyo. He was taking pictures of the building from the other side of the street, and suddenly he saw this girl sitting elegantly at one of the windows. He quickly aimed the camera towards her, framed the shot, and pressed the button. He didn't know who she was at the time, but soon after, he was told that it was Kelly Chan, a famous Hong Kong pop singer. This reminded me of the two girls in Julius Shulman's signature photo of Case Study House #22. When the assistants were setting lights for him, Julius strolled outside of the house just out of curiosity, and he caught the classic moment that perpetually defines the image of Modernism in America.
Iwan Baan: Mikimoto Building by Toyo Ito.
Julius Shulman: Case Study House #22 by Pierre Koenig.
Clearly, Iwan took his inspirations not only from Julius Shulman but also figures like Henri Cartier-Bresson. It's a mode of photo journalism. Like Cartier-Bresson, Iwan loves to catch real people in action. He rarely stages the scene but rather let the architecture be the stage of life. He also travels continuously around the globe. It's actually hard to find him in one place for more than a week.
When hear the name Julius Shulman, one will almost immediately think about Richard Neutra. In a similar manner, Iwan Baan has been associated to his fellow Dutchman Rem Koolhaas. While Julius's pictures represent the pristine quality of Neutra's high Modernism - always clean, organized and efficient, Iwan's work dares to expose messiness to reflect a different Zeitgeist. He tends to capture the chaos of metropolitan life - the pulse of our time that Rem also addresses - while maintaining high quality light and texture. Iwan also utilized new media technology and created interactive virtual tours with the help of a Swiss-made mirror ball and computer software, taking architectural photography to another level.
Both Julius and Iwan had help from architects in the early stage of their photography career. And in return, they both took their responsibilities as members of the architectual community. Julius helped discover hidden gems like Herb Greene, and Iwan's photos have brought our attention to several new talents, including young Japanese Sou Fujimoto and Junya Ishigami, as well as Giancarlo Mazzanti from Colombia. In 1990, Julius "retired" as he was upset by the ubiquitous postmodernism. When he heard that a new owner bought the Kaufmann House and was willing to undertake serious restoration, he helped enthusiatically by providing all the photos he took of the original house, including eighty of them that he never actually printed.
The responsibilities were not limited to architecture. Julius was an advocate of environmental awareness. He initiated a program called "Project: Environment U.S.A." to show how architects could relate to good environment in their design work. Iwan has a keen interest in the developing world. He goes frequently to China, India, Mongolia, and countries in South America and Africa, covering issues such as poverty, cultural identity, and democracy. This enthusiasm could be seen as early as in his school thesis project: a report on the Bangladeshi economist Muhammad Yunus who founded the Grameen Bank in 1976, the first bank in the world dedicated to microcredit to the poor.
Here are just some of the obvious characters Julius Shulman and Iwan Baan have in common. Maybe another one to add: they are both so nice! As a professional and as a person, Iwan deserves to be the very first winner of this award.
Wednesday, October 6, 2010
The catalyst function of architecture
Maybe it was because of Architecture for Humanity, whenever people say "architects' social responsibilities," I always assume they only refer to providing low-cost shelter and reducing poverty. When I went to MoMA for the new exhibition "Small Scale, Big Change: New Architectures of Social Engagement," I was glad to see the type of projects ranged from museum in South Africa to housing tower refurbishment in Paris, from an art school in LA to an urban cable car system in Venezuela. But at the same time, I still felt something inadequate about it... Aren't these projects still primarily talking about underserved areas? Building a school out of mud certainly sets a good example in Bangladesh. But is that all architects can do to be "socially engaged"? Then there's a second question: to what degree


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Next: a 32m-high Canopy Observation Tower
Since the bulk of the açaí planting is done, we are keeping the locals busy with the construction of a 30m-high canopy observation tower in the Garza Lagoon, a long-time dream we've had for the reserve. The tower will enable us to learn invaluable new information about the forest and also help us visually identify when poachers or loggers have entered the property. The lagoon is home to many commonly poached endangered species, including paiche (arapaima) and black caiman. It also serves as the rookery for at least 7 species of water birds, including the Agami Heron, whose eggs were previously poached by locals.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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It only just occurs to me that, yes, I'm doing multithreading in winget and, yes, I have to think a lot less about it because recently departed E.W. Dijkstra thought so much about it. It only occurred to me when I was looking through my CS261 Intro to OS lab manual and reading:
There are four types of kernel objects explicitly intended to perform different forms of [thread] synchronization [in Windows NT].... The behavior of each of these synchronization objects is inspired by Dijkstra's semaphores (explained more fully in your textbook). Briefly, a Dijkstra semaphore behaves like an abstract data type. It is made up of a private integer variable, s, that can be manipulated only by using the abstract data type's P and V member functions. P and V behave as follows.
P(s): [while(s == 0) wait(); s--;]
The square braces around the P and V code are meant to emphasize that P and V are atomic operations, meaning that once they start they cannot be interrupted until they have completed. The
waitoperation in the P selectively breaks this uninterruptable assumption by allowing other threads to execute while s is equal to zero.
And, of course, being Dutch, he named his P and V functions with names cryptic to Anglophones: proberen meaning to test, and verhogen meaning to increment. In case you wondered.


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WHAT IS FOUNDERGUARD®?
FOUNDERGUARD is a clinically proven preventative supplement for feed induced laminitis and founder. It has been formulated to ensure delivery of the active drug to the hind gut and proven to control the build up of lactic acid in the hind gut. A small daily dose of the palatable granules allows high grain diets to be fed safely.
- Horses on high grain diets e.g. gallopers, pacers, eventers and show hacks
- Horses grazing lush pastures particularly during spring and autumn when sugar levels in pasture are high
- Young horses being prepared for sales e.g. high grain/low exercise animals
- Horses that have suffered laminitis or founder in the past
- Horses undergoing a change in diet
- Horses with seedy toe, white line separation or poor-quality hooves
WHY CHOOSE FOUNDERGUARD?
The ONLY proven prevention for founder - FOUNDERGUARD has been scientifically developed specifically for the prevention of grain induced founder in horses and is the only product available to prevent this problem.
Prevents build-up of lactic acid – When excess carbohydrates are consumed, bacteria multiply rapidly in the hindgut. FOUNDERGUARD controls the build-up of lactic acid from this fermentation process, preventing damage to the gut lining and therefore laminitis.
- FOUNDERGUARD can be added to the daily feed as an effective daily management tool of horses at risk of founder and low-grade laminitis.
Scientifically formulated for performance – Helps prevent the onset of this silent 'performance killer' and help the performance horse reach their full potential.


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Comparing motor-vehicle crash risk of EU and US vehicles
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2018
Objective: This study examined the hypotheses that passenger vehicles meeting European Union (EU) safety standards have similar crashworthiness to United States (US) -regulated vehicles in the US driving environment, and vice versa. Methods: The first step involved identifying appropriate databases of US and EU crashes that include in-depth crash information, such as estimation of crash severity using Delta-V and injury outcome based on medical records. The next step was to harmonize variable definitions and sampling criteria so that the EU data could be combined and compared to the US data using the same or equivalent parameters. Logistic regression models of the risk of a Maximum injury according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale of 3 or greater, or fatality (MAIS3+F) in EU-regulated and US-regulated vehicles were constructed. The injury risk predictions of the EU model and the US model were each applied to both the US and EU standard crash populations. Frontal, near-side, and far-side crashes were analyzed together (termed "front/side crashes") and a separate model was developed for rollover crashes. Results: For the front/side model applied to the US standard population, the mean estimated risk for the US-vehicle model is 0.035 (sd = 0.012), and the mean estimated risk for the EU-vehicle model is 0.023 (sd = 0.016). When applied to the EU front/side population, the US model predicted a 0.065 risk (sd = 0.027), and the EU model predicted a 0.052 risk (sd = 0.025). For the rollover model applied to the US standard population, the US model predicted a risk of 0.071 (sd = 0.024), and the EU model predicted 0.128 risk (sd = 0.057). When applied to the EU rollover standard population, the US model predicted a 0.067 risk (sd = 0.024), and the EU model predicted 0.103 risk (sd = 0.040). Conclusions: The results based on these methods indicate that EU vehicles most likely have a lower risk of MAIS3+F injury in front/side impacts, while US vehicles most likely have a lower risk of MAIS3+F injury in llroovers. These results should be interpreted with an understanding of the uncertainty of the estimates, the study limitations, and our recommendations for further study detailed in the report.


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Join ARPEL (Association of Oil, Gas and Biofuels Sector Companies in Latin America and the Caribbean) and ASME (The American Society of Mechanical Engineers) at the fourth biennial International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference (IPG 2021) from June 21 – 22, 2021.
IPG 2021 is an international event to share knowledge, foster international cooperation, and promote technical progress by advancing the management of natural forces impacting pipelines – protecting the public, environment, energy infrastructure assets, and ensuring safe and reliable operations.
IPG 2021 will be presented in a virtual format. There will be opportunities to discuss papers and network with your fellow attendees as in prior versions.
Pipeline risk factors associated with natural forces include:
- Landslides and mass movement
- Tectonics/seismicity — including fault crossings and liquefaction
- Hydrotechnical — including river scour and channel migration
- Erosion and upheaval displacement
- Geochemical — including karst and acid rock drainage
- Unique soil structure — including residual and sensitive soils
- Desert mechanisms — including dune migration
- Volcanic mechanisms
- Freezing of unfrozen ground
- Thawing of permafrost terrain
These forces have become critical in the integrity management of pipelines, due to failures causing loss of life and damage to the environment. The risk factors, known as geohazards, result from geotechnical, geological, hydrological, or tectonic natural processes that represent potential threats usually induced during the pipeline construction and operations.
Geohazard management practices, including special design and construction, monitoring and inspection, risk assessment and associated data management, have seen considerable advancements in recent years as the topic has gained prominence within the pipeline community.
Who Should Attend?
The Conference will be of special interest to:
- Professionals from the oil and gas pipeline sector.
- Professionals from the mining industry.
- Professionals responsible for the facilities integrity, geotechnics, applied geomatics, risk analysis, operations, right of way maintenance, geotechnics instrumentation, pipelines design, construction and maintenance.
- Providers of goods and services.


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LACMA's newest exhibition,Children of the Plumed Serpent: The Legacy of Quetzalcoatl in Ancient Mexico, opens to the public this Sunday (members get exclusive previews Thursday, Friday, and Saturday). Children of the Plumed Serpent is the first major survey of art created by a particular alliance of ancient kingdoms in southern Mexico who believed its people to be direct descendants of the Plumed Serpent god, Queztzalcoatl. Featuring more than two hundred objects, including painted codices, gold, turquoise mosaics, and ceramics, Children of the Plumed Serpent explores the incredible aesthetic and economic achievements of these little-known cultures.
Now that the installation is complete, we thought we would give you a behind-the-scenes look at the creation of this major exhibition.
These pair of monumental feet come from the site of Tula. The feet belonged to an atlantid warrior who stood behind the column fragment in the third picture below.
These pair of monumental feet come from the site of Tula. The feet belonged to an atlantid warrior who stood behind the column fragment in the next picture.
This image shows the installation of a column fragment from the site of Tula. Because of it's weight, we needed to use a gantry to hoist it upright. The low relief carvings around the column show images of cut shells and feathers, the emblems of Quetzalcoatl.
This image shows a monumental serpent sculpture from the site of Cholula. This serpent, excavated a few years ago, was found in proximity to the great pyramid of Cholula.
Conservator John Hirx examines an incense burner in the form of Quetzalcoatl from the site of Mayapan.
Curator Victoria Lyall works with art preparators Jordan Measavage and Eddie Diaz to arrange objects in the case dedicated to the rain god.
Curator Bertina Olmedo from the Museo Nacional de Antropologia, Mexico, and conservator Lily Doan examine objects after they have arrived from Mexico.
One of the art preparators holding a gold bell recovered from Monte Alban's Tomb 7 in present-day Oaxaca. They need to examine each piece in the round to devise a mount for it.
Curator Fernando Carrizosa and conservator María Barajas from the Templo Mayor Museum in Mexico City watch with conservator Lily Doan as art preparators place the Templo Mayor's turquoise mosaic disk recovered from Offering 99.
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Chasing Sound teaches brass and woodwind which are the backbone of many schools and community bands in the local area of Footscray, Melbourne. They are fun to learn and a pleasure to play as they involve many different styles of music. At Chasing Sound we provide Flute, Clarinet, Saxophone, Trumpet & Trombone Lessons. If you're interested in learning to play a brass or woodwind instrument, book your lesson today. Contact us!
BRASS & WOODWIND – FOUNDATION PHASE
Students learn the fundamentals of playing technique and reading notation. This includes correct posture and practical technique. Students are introduced to reading music notes, as well as counting rhythms and learning basic symbols. They work on learning how to practice effectively and develop routines to support their progress. If students have some experience on the instrument already, these elements of their musicianship are refined. This phase allows students to see if they enjoy the instrument and find out if they are compatible with their teacher. Music lessons are a commitment so above all this phase can show how well students can incorporate lessons and practice into their lifestyle.
BRASS & WOODWIND – STREAMS PHASE
Students can sit The Australian Music Examination Board (AMEB) music qualifications. This AMEB STREAM covers Preliminary-Grade 8 and above and similarly the Music Theory exams in the later levels. These exams are a terrific way for students to excel and further develop their general musical skills. The exam is mostly practical (playing scales and pieces on their instrument). Students will find that listening, general knowledge and sight-reading skills are also covered. AMEB students receive comments from an examiner and a certificate upon completion. AMEB exams take place in Hawthorn. Costs incurred include exam enrolment and AMEB print materials.
Classical/School Repertoire Stream
Students who elect to do the CLASSICAL STREAM work on repertoire by classical composers. They build on the technique they developed in the FOUNDATION phase and also increase their range and rhythmic comprehension. Students learn about playing in time, develop an understanding of various symbols as well as improve their theoretical and aural awareness.
If they are already playing instruments in their school programs students will participate in a slightly different FOUNDATION phase before working on their repertoire. This could include learning songs for upcoming concerts and supporting students in VCE Music.
Students who elect to do the CONTEMPORARY STREAM work on one of the following various styles: Pop, Rock & Film Music. They build on the technique they developed in the FOUNDATION phase and develop an understanding of the symbols, markings and techniques to playing within the specific style. Students are also encouraged to learn about different artists within the style and expand their skills.
Jazz Stream (Brass Only)
Students who elect to do the JAZZ STREAM build on the technique they developed in the FOUNDATION phase and develop an understanding of the symbols, markings and techniques to playing within jazz. Students learn about different Jazz artists as well as improve their relevant theoretical and aural awareness.
BRASS & WOODWIND – PERFORMANCE PHASE
Students perform pieces they have worked on in the previous STREAM phase or similarly new pieces from the same style as a soloist. Students learn how to plan chunked practice as they move towards the performance. This might include problem-solving as well as progression points. With their teachers, students talk about managing nerves, improving concentration and furthermore their growth as performers. Students perform publicly at Chasing Sound events or are recorded in lessons — a product of the phase.
BRASS & WOODWIND – SPECIALISATION PHASE
Students can revisit and expand upon a style they worked through in the earlier STREAMS phase. Alternatively, they can take a creative step forward into song-writing, composition or improvisation. This stream allows a student to consolidate the work they have done in the previous phases. Students would not be able to transition into this phase without having done the others in order.
BRASS & WOODWIND – SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING PHASE
Students are empowered with the relevant skills, stylistic understanding and self-awareness musically to direct their own musical pathways. They do so with the support of their Chasing Sound Music School teacher and community.


Weighted Average Credit Rating
DEFINITION of 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
The weighted average of all the bond credit ratings in a bond fund. The measure gives investors an idea of how risky a fund's bonds are overall. The lower the weighted average credit rating, the riskier the bond fund. The weighted average credit rating is expressed as a regular letter rating (AAA, BBB, CCC).
BREAKING DOWN 'Weighted Average Credit Rating'
To arrive at the weighted average credit rating, the calculation starts with dividing the value of each bond in the fund by the total value of the fund. This gives the individual bond weights. The weight of a bond in the fund determines how much that bond influences the weighted average credit rating. For example, if a bond fund has 95% AAA government bonds and 5% junk bonds, the bond fund would still have a weighted average credit rating of AAA.
 1. Japan Credit Rating Agency - JCR
 One of the key credit rating agencies in Japan. JCR provides...
 2. Junk Bond
 3. Investment Grade
 4. Bond Rating
 5. Credit Risk
 6. Bond Fund
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Open Educational Resource Schema
Interoperable Learning Content
What is OER Schema?
Computer software doesn't see learning content in the same way that humans do. Where educators and students see lessons, modules and assessments, computer software sees headings, paragraphs and sections.
OER Schema is metadata that works behind the scenes to describe content to software. OER Schema adds a vocabulary of terms that expands the Google developed vocabulary to include pedagogical terms that anyone can apply to their own learning content. By adding OER Schema to your content, you enable software to have the ability to understand it as might a person. This project hopes to give software the ability to see OER pedagogy.
In addition, OER Schema has profound implications for the future of how OER content is located, authored, shared, and remixed. Even though digital education workers may produce learning content on different platforms, workflows, and tools, OER Schema would allow it all to become interoperable. This is the foundational element needed to create remix interfaces for educational materials.
What can you do with OER Schema?
 - Granularly associate proper copyright infromation and usage licenses to content
 - Describe pedagogical associations between content and objectives
 - Describe learning content dependencies for pathways and prereqs
 - Transport content easily and consistently between systems, people, and publishing endpoints
 - Prepare content for online publishing and remix


text: Ring: The binding power of a line without beginning or end, representing the will in its largest sense and naming the edge of a body, including a fire, a spiritual space, the earth, the horizon, and a band around a finger. The image below shows an old fire ring, obviously largely ceremonial, on a savannah in the Cariboo region of British Columbia, Canada. All humans live within rings. Along with lines and strings, they are among our oldest languages. Notice how this ring is opened to allow what it has bound to escape. The stones have been carried here, from lower down on the esker, where gravity has laid them in a line of energy.


Law Degree Types
Bachelor of Criminal Justice
An undergraduate academic degree in the field of criminal justice which introduces students to the its fundamental foundations spanning from crime initiation to systems of punishment.
Bachelor of Arts in Legal Studies
An undergraduate degree which gives gives students the theoretical, historical, social and political foundations to understand law in a democratic society. Students will study topics such as forensic psychology, correctional systems, diversity, conflict resolution, and community corrections while working to understand Supreme Court decisions and recognize the role social movements have played in the judicial system.
Master Of Laws
A postgraduate academic degree, taken by those either having an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in a related subject. Programs in this degree are usually only open to those students who have first obtained a degree in law.
Doctor Of Juridical Science
A research doctorate in law primarily aimed at educating professors, legal scientists, and other scholars in law. It usually requires three to five years to complete, and requires an advanced study in law as a scientific discipline and a dissertation, which serves as an original contribution to the scholarly field of law.


Click the Image to Enlarge
Shulz, Ada Gray Goose, No Date
Born in Terre Haute, Ada Walter Shulz is best known for her light-filled, outdoor paintings of mothers and children, such as Gray Goose. She moved to Indianapolis as a teenager and enrolled in Shortridge High School, where her talent for painting was encouraged. In 1889, after graduating high school, she moved to Chicago with her mother and attended the Art Institute of Chicago. On a summer excursion of the Art Institute program to Delavan, Wisconsin, she met her future husband, painter Adolph Shulz, and after two years they married in 1894. The couple spent the next few years traveling and studying abroad, first in Paris, then Munich, before settling back in Delavan.
 - Gray Goose, n.d.
 - 30″ x 27″
 -? Courtesy of Indiana State Museum and Historic Sites
 - Keywords: paintings, oil on canvas
 - Subjects: people, women, children, domestic animals, Brown County Art Colony
The Shulzes began spending summers in Brown County, Indiana, in 1908 and eventually bought property once owned by Gustave Baumann, moving permanently to Brown County in 1917. Ada Shulz was inspired by the people, land, flora, and fauna of the area, and local children and barnyard animals were often used as subjects in her paintings such as Gray Goose. Inspired by her Christian Scientist faith, Ada Shulz strived to create bright, airy, and joyful paintings that would uplift people's spirits.
Some Points To Consider
 - Ada Shulz wanted her paintings to uplift people's spirits. Ask students what meaning they find in her choice of colors, pose of the girl and the goose, and the background. How are those features painted to create a bright and airy feeling? Does this painting uplift spirits? Why or why not? (Art 4.3.1)
 - Ask students if their response to the painting would be different if Shulz had painted the same figures and objects on a gloomy day. (Art 4.5.1)
 - Ask: Do you like this painting? Why or why not? What criteria did you use to decide? (Art 4.4.2)


Learn all about watermelon, including how to pick the best melon, how to store it and ways to use it in sweet and savory recipes.
Experience a classic summer pleasure: take a big bite from a slice of watermelon, let the sweet juices drip down your chin and then spit the seeds as far as you can. Or slice the melon up and add it to a watermelon and feta salad, a fruit salad or a cocktail or mocktail.
Redolent with tangy sweetness, watermelon is refreshing without being filling and is surprisingly good for you. This fruit-92% water, hence the name-is a good source of vitamin C and the antioxidant lycopene, when it's red (some are orange or yellow).
watermelon sherbet
Pictured recipe: Watermelon Sherbet
This sweet melon's iconic status in American culture often overshadows its culinary potential. Watermelon, usually eaten without fuss in North America, enjoys much more varied culinary treatment in other parts of the world. Sandia (Spanish for watermelon) is a popular flavor of aguas frescas in Mexico, drinks made with pureed fruit, water and sugar. In China, the coatings of the seeds are removed and the inner flesh of the seeds is eaten. Watermelon seeds, called egusi, are cooked in salt, fermented, roasted or ground in West Africa. Watermelon's crispness and granular texture can stand up well in many unexpected dishes, so be adventurous and try using it in both sweet and savory recipes.
Fun Watermelon Fact
Early explorers used watermelons as canteens.
Peak Watermelon Season
Though you can often find watermelon year-round in the grocery store, this summery fruit is best June through October.
Watermelon, Cucumber & Feta Salad
Watermelon Nutrition
Watermelon averages 40% more of the cancer-fighter lycopene per serving than tomatoes. Lycopene in watermelon is easily absorbed without cooking, unlike that in tomatoes, and is relatively stable when the fruit is stored and refrigerated. A 1-cup serving of watermelon also provides 10% of the Daily Value for vitamin A and 12% DV for vitamin C, along with vitamin B6, beta carotene, thiamin and potassium-all for just 46 calories.
How to Pick the Best Watermelon
Pictured Recipe: Stuffed Baby Watermelon
How to Store Watermelon
Wash a whole watermelon in clean, running water to remove surface dirt; dry before cutting. When purchasing cut watermelon, wash and dry the rind of the watermelon.
Watermelon's temperature should be maintained-if it is purchased at room temperature, it should be stored at room temperature. If the melon was refrigerated at the supermarket, do so at home as well. Sliced melon should be refrigerated immediately either in a covered container or wrapped in plastic wrap to prevent the flesh from becoming mushy.
Now that you know how to pick the best watermelon, see our step-by-step guide to how to cut a watermelon, then browse all of our watermelon recipes.


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The previous post in this series defined false narratives; described some of the ways they're structured, and provided principles for minimizing the harm they do. This post describes how nonprofit marketing research can help you gain insight into the people who oppose your nonprofit's work.
According to the Pew Research Center, members of different political parties view the other party more unfavorably than ever before. What's more, we increasingly choose to surround ourselves with others who agree with us. So NPO's have a couple of stark choices. Either appeal primarily, or even exclusively, to supporters. Or also develop messages for personae non gratae. In other words, speak more effectively to people whose views are unwelcome or hostile.
What are personas and personae non gratae?
Personas are fictional representations of different audiences. Usually, a nonprofit develops one for each group of supporters in order to better understand their reasons for being interested and wanting to help. Developing personas makes it possible to understand what these supporters care about most deeply. And that enables nonprofits to describe their work in ways that engage them on a more personal level.
In contrast, personae non gratae literally means people who aren't welcome. They represent audiences that have an unfavorable view of your nonprofit, or are even opposed to your cause. That includes those who dislike your nonprofit's mission, issues, clients, methods – or all of the above. So why spend limited resources – and even more limited time – to explore what these individuals care about and what messages appeal to them?
There are three good reasons to pay attention to unsupportive audiences:
Your clients / your cause
Personae non gratae may represent those who have a negative effect on your work. For example, suppose you work with clients who are vulnerable or marginalized. Individuals who harbor negative stereotypes may discriminate against them, make them feel invisible, stigmatized, unwelcome, or unsafe. To give a second example, if your issue is related to the environment or climate change, you may be affected by those who want to continue to make choices that contribute to pollution. Understanding the motivations and views of those who oppose or undermine your efforts will inform your strategy to address them.
All of us are affected by the views and conversations around us. Your supporters may well be related to, working alongside, or socializing with people who are skeptical or opposed to your work. Their views may make your donors feel ill at ease, on the defensive, or even start to doubt their commitment. It may not be enough to reinforce donors' and volunteers' reasons to stick with you. They may also need your help to understand and be able to respond thoughtfully to the personae non gratae they encounter.
Your community / region
Your nonprofit might be a service provider rather than an advocacy group. Even so, some public policy decisions may have a very adverse effect on your ability to fulfill your mission. In such a situation, being effective depends on influencing the views and decisions of officials and other constituents in your area.
How do you do nonprofit marketing research on personae non gratae?
The first step is qualitative research about your opposition's perspective and emotions. This doesn't have to be overly time-consuming or costly. For one thing, some data may already exist. Academic institutions in your area may have done some work that would be helpful – or they might be willing to do research for you pro bono. In addition, elected officials who support your work may be willing to share some insights based on any opposition research they've conducted. However, even if neither of those options are open to you, there is a lot you can learn by reading what your opposition publishes / says.
Understanding your opposition's stories, emotions, and values is every bit as important than learning about their positions, ideas, and assumptions.
How do you better understand your opposition's perspective?
Take, for example, a nonprofit that works with clients who are mentally ill. Some people may oppose your work based on a news story about a crime committed by someone with a mental illness. Statistics about the rarity of violent acts committed by the mentally ill are probably not going to change the feelings about a community residence in their neighborhood.
Alternatively, if your organization works with immigrants, particularly Muslims, the news probably affects your clients even more. Spectacular events reinforce memory. So does repeated media coverage, even if we see the same exact clip multiple times. As a result, the impact of media coverage of a terrorist event can last for years. These news stories may be the sum total of what people in your community know about Islam. In their information universe, rather than being seen as aberrant or exceptional, extremists who are Muslims typify the whole group.
Ironically, the impact of terrorist attacks carried out by right-wing U.S. citizens has a totally different impact. This is because to most Americans, Christians are familiar or "normal." So, violent perpetrators from this background are viewed as exceptional or aberrant individuals. Your opposition doesn't see their actions as typifying their religious or national identity.
Pay-offs for nonprofit marketing research for personae non gratae
The best possible, if least likely, pay-off is that you will gain insights that will enable you to turn detractors into supporters.
However, even if that doesn't happen, you may be able to limit how much influence your opposition has with those who are undecided about your cause or your clients.
Finally, you'll also be better positioned to reinforce your stakeholders and equip them effectively speak out against the personae non gratae in your community.
Check back in coming weeks for more posts on Upholding Truth in an Age of Lies. Meantime, here are some helpful resources:
- Nonprofit Audience Personas Tool (this tool can be adapted to personae non gratae)
- Marketing personas for non-profits: design and implementation
- How Nonprofit Groups Need to Adjust to a 'Networked' World


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Yesterday I was attacked by a monkey! This horrible Super Villain was inside my brain. It had infiltrated my mind. What was I to do? What super hero would save me? I would save myself of course, using my yoga super powers.
What does it feel like when the Super Villain Monkey Brain has taken up residence in your mind? You may know the feeling well. It's when your thoughts are so scattered, you're mind so incessantly busy, that you just lose control over what is happening now. You'll know when the villainous Monkey Brain has control when you misplace your keys (how did they get in the refrigerator?), you missed your exit on the freeway (how did I miss the same exit I've taken to work for five years straight?) or you wake up in the middle of the night worrying about a report not due until Friday. That's right, Monkey Brain has invaded your mind and has control!
From Pantanjuli's Yoga Sutras we learn that the Monkey Brain is called Chitta Vritti, which literally translates from Sanskrit as the whirling of the mind stuff or mind chatter. Just like a monkey hopping from tree to tree, your mind is chattering away at you. The mind's constant nagging and berating does not allow you to focus on the now. How can you take back control of your mind from these vrittis? Meditation, asana and pranayama of course!
The Chitta Vrittis will continue to whirl, chitter chatter and annoy, until you stop, take a deep inhale and purposely notice them. By stopping and turning to face the villain, naming and banishing him from your head, you will take control of your mind.
Now that you have recognized and confronted the villainous Monkey Brain, how can you banish him from your mind? Let's take a single example: you just can't seem to fall asleep at night (or maybe you wake up at 3 a.m.) Thoughts and worries are running through your brain and you just can't make them stop! Here's what you do:
- Place your left hand over your belly and your right hand over your heart, BREATHE IN DEEPLY. Inflate your belly, taking the breath deeper by inflating your chest fully.
- Hold your breath for a couple of heartbeats.
- Exhale by deflating your chest and then your belly. Use your hands as a guide. Notice how the breath sounds and feels like a wave flowing in and out of your body.
- Continue to breathe extensively in and out, creating the sound of the ocean with your breath and the wavelike motion with your belly and chest.
- If thoughts come into your mind, recognize them for what they are; vrittis that have come to haunt you. Call them by name and then watch them as they flow out of your body with your exhale.
Soon the Monkey Brain will loose control and you will drift off to sleep naturally. Similarly, if you are in your car driving to work, turn off the radio and breathe. Use this time for you, for peace and quiet and meditation. You'll be calm and refreshed and ready for work or ready to enjoy your kids when they climb into your car acting like the monkey you just banished from your brain!
While pranayama (yes that's what the ocean breath you just practiced is) and meditation are great ways to take control of your vrittis, asana (physical poses) will also help dispel this menace. Although all asana practice helps control those fly away thoughts, a few poses in particular bring you so far into your body that your mind seems detached and present at the same time. Try Cow Face Pose (Gomukhasana) with Eagle (Garudasana) arms.
Cow Face With Eagle Arms
- Sit in Dandasana (Staff Pose), bending your knees, put the soles of your feet on the floor.
- Slide your right foot under the left knee to the outside of the left hip.
- Cross your left leg over the right, stacking the left knee on top of the right, and bring the left foot to the outside of the right hip.
- Align the heels equidistant from the hips. Take a big inhale and ensure that you are sitting evenly on the sit bones.
- Stretch your arms straight forward, and spread your shoulder blades wide across your back.
- Cross your arms in front of your torso (make an "X") so that the left arm is over the right.
- Bend your elbows, cozying your left elbow into the crook of your right elbow, and raise the forearms perpendicular to the floor. The backs of your hands should be facing each other.
- Press the left hand to the left and the right hand to the right, so your palms face each other. The thumb of your left hand should pass in front of the little finger of the right. Press the palms together as much as you are able.
- Lift your elbows up, and stretch the fingers toward the ceiling.
- Close your eyes and begin an upward movement with your arms while inhaling. When you reach the top of your ability to move, begin and exhale.
- While exhaling move your arms down to their fullest extent. Aligning your movement to your breath inhale up and exhale down through several breaths.
- Release and repeat on the other side for both arms and legs.
Open your eyes and notice that the Villainous Monkey Brain has been banished from your mind!


in Chemistry
Electrochemical Cells
There are two types of electrochemical cells
 - Galvanic, or Voltaic
 - Electrolytic
Galvanic cells derives energy from spontaneous redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions.
Electrolytic cells involve non-spontaneous reactions, and thus require an external electron source (for example, a D.C. battery).
Both Galvanic and electrolytic cells will consist of two electrodes (anode, and cathode), and an electrolyte in which the two electrodes are immersed.
Galvanic Cells
Galvanic cells are traditionally used as sources of DC power.
 - Oxidation occurs at the Anode
 - Reduction occurs at the Cathode
The reaction at the anode is a source of electrons. The anode is the negative terminal for the galvanic cell.
Remember: Red Cat, An Ox – (reduction cathode, anode oxidation)
Example of Galvanic Cell
Below is an example of a classic AA battery.
1. MnO2 (s) + H20 + e → MnOOH s + OH (aq) E° = +0.3832V
2. Zn(OH)2 (s) + 2e → Zn (s) + 2OH (aq) E° = -1.221V
Image by Ohiostandard at English Wikipedia – Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Burpelson AFB using CommonsHelper., CC BY-SA 3.0,
Galvanic cells have a positive EMF.
EMF = +0.382 – (-1.221)
∴ = 1.6 *(approx 1.5V – standard AA battery)*
Calculating the Gibbs Free Energy from EMF
Formula: ΔG° = -nFE°
 - n = number of moles of electrons transferred
 - E° = the standard state of EMF
 - F = Faraday's constant (96,4585 C/mol e), approximately equal to 105 C/mol e
From the previous equations and results:
ΔG° = -nFE°
ΔG° = -(2 mol e)(105 C/mol e)(1.5V)
ΔG° = -300,000J, or -300kJ
The negative value for ΔG° indicates the spontaneity of the reaction.
The larger the value for ΔG°, the further the reaction has to shift from it's standard conditions to reach equilibrium.
Calculating the Equilibrium Constant from EMF
This gives an indication of how favorable a reaction is.
Formula: ΔG° = -RTlnKeq
 - R = gas constant (8.31 J/mol-k)
 - T = standard temperature (298K)
 - ln = converted to log = 2.303 (not expected to know this value)
ΔG° = -RT lnx logK
ΔG° = -(8.31)(298)(2.303)(log K)
ΔG° = -2500(2.3)(log K)
ΔG° = -6000(log K)
From before:
-300,000 = -6000(log K)
50 = log K
By raising both sides as exponents with base 10:
10log K = K = 1050
Electrolytic Cells
This is an electrochemical cell that uses external energy (external power source) to drive a normally non-spontaneous reaction. That is, to apply a reverse voltage to a voltaic cell.
In comparison to galvanic cells, the electrodes of an electrolytic cell can be placed in a single compartment containing the molten of aqueous electrolyte.
Since the external battery is what drives the electrons through the circuit, the electrodes will match the positive and negative terminal of the battery. While the anode remains the site of oxidation, it becomes the positive terminal, and the cathode becomes the negative terminal.
Electroplating & Faraday's Law
Electroplating always occurs at the cathode.
We can calculate the amount of metal plated on the cathode from the charge or current that passes through the cell, and in fact, they are proportional in the following relationship:
Q (charge of e from battery) = Q (charge of e from reduction)
Formula: It = nF
 - I is the current expressed in amperes or coulombs/second
 - n is the moles of electrons
 - F is Faraday's constant (approx 105)
Question: How much platinum metal in grams is deposited when 5 amps of current is passed through an electrolyte for 1 hour?
It = nf
5(3600) = n(105)
18,000 = n(100000)
n = 0.18 mol e
(0.18 mol e)(1 mol Pt / 2 mol e)* = 0.09 mol Pt
(0.09 mol Pt)(195 g Pt/mol Pt) = Approx. 18g Pt
* Platinum forms a 2+ ion, so there are two moles of e consumed. Divide by 2 to get moles of platinum produced.
Electrode Potential
Ecell = oxidation potential + reduction potential
1. The electrode potential cannot be determined in isolation
2. The electrode potential depends on the concentrations of the substances, the temperature, and the pressure in the case of the gas electrodes
Summary of Electrochemical Cells
(Nickel-iron cell)
(Zinc-cerium cell)
Occurs at Anode Anode
Sign of Terminal Positive (+) Negative (-)
EMF E° = -0.52 V E° = +0.76 V
Occurs at Cathode Cathode
Sign of Terminal Negative (-) Positive (+)
EMF E° = -0.89 V E° = +1.44 V
Electrolytic Cell
EMF Signage Negative (-) Positive (+)
EMF Value E° = -1.41 V E° = +2.20 V
Electron Flow From anode to cathode From anode to cathode
Gibbs Free Energy
Positive (+) Negative (-)
Spontaneous No Yes
Recommended Reading for Chemistry


Independent writer/director Tze Chun ( gave an advising session for the Reach Film Fellows during the 2010 Reach Film Fellowship at Cinereach ( As the fellows prepared to go into production on their short films, Tze shared some useful tips based on his experience making a short film, Window Breaker, and a feature, Children of Invention, in which children were the main characters.
This video includes some excerpts of the session during which Tze touched on the casting process.
Here are some key points from the discussion:
- For a film that is highly improvisational and naturalistic, and in which a large emotional range is not required, prioritize looking for children who are outspoken and natural in front of the camera. Try asking children to play games with each other or adult actors during auditions, rather than reading from a script.
- For a more tightly scripted film, and/or one that calls for a large emotional range, actors who are old enough to read from the script should do so. Look for actors who are comfortable in front of the camera and can also emote and understand the character, rather than just being good at naturalistic reactions to real situations.
- Actors should audition with the most emotional scenes, to make sure the right notes can be hit. One of the largest challenges of working with children will be helping them dramatic emotions like crying or a tantrum believably.
- Make sure actors who will appear on screen together can give performances that match in style and tone, and can be cut together, so they seem to inhabit the same world. Actors should be similarly naturalistic or 'big' depending on the director's needs.
- In addition to auditioning acting ability, you are also looking for a child's stamina and concentration. If they get frustrated quickly, or can't put up with having to repeat something multiple times, they aren't cut out for your set.
- When you're casting a kid, you're also casting the parents. Look for parents who are going to be understanding about the process, willing to commit all the time and energy that is required, and who are on board with the project in general.
- It is also advisable to be very clear and direct with parents regarding expectations and what will happen, otherwise you may lose their cooperation.
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7 Change Management Exercises to Minimize Resistance
7 Change Management Exercises to Minimize Resistance
By Shoshana Friedman
What is a change management exercise?
1. Cross Your Arms the "Other" Way
2. The Alien at Dinner
change management exercises
3. Changing Places
4. The Ups and Downs of Change
5. The Four P's
6. Bounce Back
change management exercises
7. Can-Do Company
Credit: Strategy+business
How do change management exercises look today?
Due to the current climate of COVID-19, most workplaces are closed and employees are working from home. Managers are now tasked with leading teams remotely which requires increased communication and clear expectations around work performance.
Coping with change and empowering employees to rise to the occasion is now more important than ever. As many organizations are finding their footing amidst this sudden shift, embracing change management can maintain business continuity and give employees an engaging way to handle new processes that might come their way.
Change management exercises for remote workers
In light of the present situation, below are two change management exercises that can be done via Zoom with your team to empower them to deal with more unknowns during this period and beyond.
Draw, draw draw
Gather your team on a video call and instruct them to have paper and pens ready. Preface the exercise by saying that drawing skills are not being measured, and each employee should concentrate on simply completing the task.
The manager will begin with an instruction to have everyone draw a house. After a couple of minutes and before the picture is completed, the manager will say that they changed their minds and now want a picture of a boat. Again, at some point before everyone finishes, the manager will change the directions and tell everyone to draw a castle. As the manager keeps changing their mind, employees might begin to feel a bit fed up. After a series of changes, and before engagement is lost, the facilitator should start a conversation about what everyone experienced.
This exercise highlights the frustration that change can elicit and the negative behaviors associated with having to make something new each time from scratch. This is a great way to have employees look critically at which points during the exercise they became frustrated and why. The conversation can broaden to address where sudden pivots have been made at work, how employees rose to the challenge and how making that change inspired innovation or an improved way of doing things.
Signature for change
Ask all employees on your video conferencing call to sign their name 10 times on a piece of paper. This should take a minute, and promptly afterward, ask them to do it again. Once they're done, instruct employees to put the pen in their other hand and do ten signatures, and then repeat.
Initiate a conversation about how hard signing their name was using their opposite hand and any challenges that arose.
Now ask them to sign their signature again 10 times. Most people will use their usual hand, but why did they switch back? The instructions didn't change. The point of the exercise is to demonstrate how difficult change can be, and most people will revert to what they know unless they are making a concerted effort to implement change.
Change Management in Action
Shoshana Friedman


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Finance Officer Job Description
Growth Trends for Related Jobs
The duties of a financial officer are an important part of the operation for any organization, nonprofit or commercial. The financial officer is the person who controls the spending, and sometimes the funding, of an operation.
The financial officer of a company is the person who is in charge of finances, accounting and investment activities of the company. A financial officer can have many titles but is mostly referred to as the Chief Financial Officer, or CFO.
The financial officer's duties include administration of the financial system, employee pay records and benefits and approval of payouts. This includes monitoring all expenses and budgets within the company to comply with approved policies.
Specific Duties
Specific duties include approving invoices, issuing receipts and creating overall budget projections. Other specialized duties can include maintaining the required government documentation and ensuring the delivery of financial records in a timely manner.
Corporate Rank
Depending on the organization, the financial officer can be as high as a Vice President reporting to the CEO or further down as someone strictly in charge of overall accounting. In nonprofit organizations, the financial officer can also be head of human resources or fundraising efforts.
The financial officer's ability to carry out her duties can directly impact the ability for an organization to finance daily operations or raise funding. Her ability to follow government oversight also impacts the amount of government involvement in the business should the organization become financially unstable.


text: Pargyline reduces oncogene-driven tumor growth in a postmenopausal xenograft model. (A) Ovarectomized nude mice were injected subcutaneously with MCF-7-PELP1 model cells. After 4 weeks, mice were treated with or without pargyline (n = 10). Tumor growth was measured at weekly intervals. Tumor volume is shown. (B) Ki-67 expression as a marker of proliferation was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Quantitation of Ki-67 staining was performed using the Ki-67 index as described in Materials and methods. (C) IHC analysis of indicated epigenetic marks was done on xenograft tumors that were treated with or without pargyline. (D) MCF-7-PELP1 and MCF-7-HER2 cells were treated with pargyline (3 mM), and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis was performed using H3K9me2 antibodies and the status of epigenetic modification was analyzed using real-time PCR with aromatase P1.3/II promoter-specific primers. PELP1, proline glutamic acid and leucine-rich protein 1.


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||This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. (June 2011)|
An apartment (in American English) or flat in British English is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building. Such a building may be called an apartment building, apartment house (in American English), block of flats, tower block, high-rise or, occasionally mansion block (in British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent. In Scotland it is often called a tenement, which has a pejorative connotation elsewhere. Apartments may be owned by an owner/occupier by leasehold tenure or rented by tenants (two types of housing tenure).
The term apartment is favored in North America (although flat is used in the case of a unit which is part of a house containing two or three units, typically one to a floor), whereas the term flat is commonly, but not exclusively, used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore, Hong Kong and most Commonwealth nations.
In Malaysian English, flat often denotes a housing block of lesser quality meant for lower-income groups, while apartment is more generic and may also include luxury condominiums. This usage has also been appearing in British English where apartment is used to denote expensive 'flats' in exclusive and expensive residential areas in, for example, parts of London such as Belgravia and Hampstead.
In Australian English, the term flat was traditionally used, but the term apartment is also frequently used, as is "unit", short for "home unit".
Tenement law refers to the feudal basis of permanent property such as land or rents. It may be found combined as in "Messuage or Tenement" to encompass all the land, buildings and other assets of a property.
In the US, some apartment-dwellers own their own apartments, either as co-ops, in which the residents own shares of a corporation that owns the building or development; or in condominiums, whose residents own their apartments and share ownership of the public spaces. Most apartments are in buildings designed for the purpose, but large older houses are sometimes divided into apartments. The word apartment denotes a residential unit or section in a building. In some locations, particularly the United States, the word connotes a rental unit owned by the building owner, and is not typically used for a condominium.
In the UK, some flat owners own shares in the company that owns the freehold of the building as well as holding the flat under a lease. This is commonly known as a "share of freehold" flat. The freehold company has the right to collect annual ground rents from each of the flat owners in the building. The freeholder can also develop or sell the building, subject to the usual planning and restrictions that might apply.
In some countries the word unit is a more general term referring to both apartments and rental business suites. The word is generally used only in the context of a specific building; e.g., "This building has three units" or "I'm going to rent a unit in this building", but not "I'm going to rent a unit somewhere." In Australia, a unit refers to flats, apartments or even semi-detached houses. Some buildings can be characterized as mixed use buildings, meaning part of the building is for commercial, business, or office use, usually on the first floor or first couple of floors, and there are one or more apartments in the rest of the building, usually on the upper floors.
Apartment types and characteristics
Studio apartment
Apartments can be classified into several types. In North America the typical terms are a studio, efficiency or bachelor apartment (bedsit in the UK). These all tend to be the smallest apartments with the cheapest rents in a given area. This kind of apartment usually consists mainly of a large room which is the living, dining and bedroom combined. There are usually kitchen facilities as part of this central room, but the bathroom is a separate, smaller room.
Moving up from the bachelors/efficiencies are one-bedroom apartments, in which one bedroom is separate from the rest of the apartment. Then there are two-bedroom, three-bedroom, etc. apartments (Apartments with more than three bedrooms are rare). Small apartments often have only one entrance.
Large apartments often have two entrances, perhaps a door in the front and another in the back. Depending on the building design, the entrance doors may be directly to the outside or to a common area inside, such as a hallway. Depending on location, apartments may be available for rent furnished with furniture or unfurnished into which a tenant moves in with their own furniture.
Garden apartment
A garden apartment complex consists of low-rise apartment buildings built with landscaped grounds surrounding them. The apartment buildings are often arranged around courtyards that are open at one end. A garden apartment has some characteristics of a townhouse: each apartment has its own building entrance, or just a few apartments share a small foyer or stairwell at each building entrance. Unlike a townhouse, each apartment occupies only one level. Modern garden apartment buildings are almost never more than three stories high, since they typically don't have elevators/lifts. However, the first "garden apartment" buildings in the United States, developed in the early 20th century, were five stories high. Some garden apartment buildings place a one-car garage under each apartment. The grounds are more landscaped than for other modestly scaled apartments.
Another definition of "garden apartment" is a unit built half below grade or at ground level. The implication is that there is a view or direct access to a garden from the apartment, but this is not necessarily the case.
In most west coast cities in United States, due to the need for resisting earthquakes at a low building cost, these low rise apartments are mostly built of woodern frames with thin plaster-board based interior dry walls, despite that they can be up to 3 to 4 levels.
As depicted in the movie Office Space by the neighbouring characters talking through their apartment walls directly (which often is not dramatization at all), neighbouring occupants can often hear each others conversations and even snorings at night.
Secondary suite
When part of a house is converted for the ostensible use of a landlord's family member, the unit may be known as an in-law apartment or granny flat, though these (sometimes illegally) created units are often occupied by ordinary renters rather than family members. In Canada these suites are commonly located in the basements of houses and are therefore normally called basement suites or "mother-in-law suites."
Maisonette (from the French Maisonette - little house) is a large multi-storey apartment located in an apartment building.
Building may be a connection between two apartments above each internal staircase (renovation of older residential buildings), connecting the top floor with an attic (attic conversions), or pre-planned extension to the flat roof of the building (for new buildings).
The usual layout is combined kitchen and dining room, living space and accessories on the lower floor, several bedrooms and a second bathroom on the top.
The maisonette to combine the advantages of living in apartment and house. First, it is separated private part of the apartment (bedroom) from the so-called social. Duplex apartment often provides beautiful views, with large windows and often the terrace. Another advantage is the peace of mind beyond the reach of ground noise.
Two-story flat
In Milwaukee vernacular architecture, a Polish flat is an existing small house or cottage that has been lifted up to accommodate the creation of a new basement floor housing a separate apartment, then set down again; thus becoming a modest two-story flat.
Communal apartment
In Russia, a communal apartment («коммуналка») is a room with a shared kitchen and bath. A typical arrangement is a cluster of five or so room-apartments with a common kitchen and bathroom and separate front doors, occupying a floor in a pre-Revolutionary mansion. Traditionally a room is owned by the government and assigned to a family on a semi-permanent basis.
Laundry facilities may be found in a common area accessible to all the tenants in the building, or each apartment may have its own facilities. Depending on when the building was built and the design of the building, utilities such as water, heating, and electricity may be common for all the apartments in the building or separate for each apartment and billed separately to each tenant (however, many areas in the US have ruled it illegal to split a water bill among all the tenants, especially if a pool is on the premises). Outlets for connection to telephones are typically included in apartments. Telephone service is optional and is practically always billed separately from the rent payments. Cable television and similar amenities are extra also. Parking space(s), air conditioner, and extra storage space may or may not be included with an apartment. Rental leases often limit the maximum number of people who can reside in each apartment. On or around the ground floor of the apartment building, a series of mailboxes are typically kept in a location accessible to the public and, thus, to the mail carrier too. Every unit typically gets its own mailbox with individual keys to it. Some very large apartment buildings with a full-time staff may take mail from the mailman and provide mail-sorting service. Near the mailboxes or some other location accessible by outsiders, there may be a buzzer (equivalent to a doorbell) for each individual unit. In smaller apartment buildings such as twoor three-flats, or even four-flats, rubbish is often disposed of in trash containers similar to those used at houses. In larger buildings, rubbish is often collected in a common trash bin or dumpster. For cleanliness or minimizing noise, many lessors will place restrictions on tenants regarding keeping pets in an apartment.
In some parts of the world


Great Principals Are Hard To Come By. WSFCS Lost One This Week.
If you want to look at the reason why a school performs well, then look to the relationships that surround the people: student, teachers, parents, community, staff, and what might be one of the most underappreciated roles in public education – the principal.
The responsibility of a principal is hard to even describe, much less fathom, if you have not been in administration before. They are the face of a school, the sounding board of a community, and the instructional leaders.
When a principal is effective, great things happen in a school. When a principal is ineffective, all facets of a school can stagnate.
All effective principals understand that the most sacred dynamic in the school is the student-teacher relationship. They understand that education is a people centered endeavor, not a transaction. They understand that a single test does not define a person.
Joe Childers was more than an effective principal and his sudden death this week is a reminder that public education is a people-centered service and that the positive effect one person can have on others truly lives on forever and can be passed forward.
Mr. Childers had led Atkins High School since 2010. In its short reiteration as a high school in the Winston-Salem / Forsyth County School system, Atkins has been a Gates School, a magnet school, and under Mr. Childers, the HAG school in the county. HE made that school into what it is today, but was the kind of person to never take the credit.
I have met him on two occasions. Both were at Academic Competition meets between West and Atkins. Not many principals come to those competitions.
Joe Childers did.
But the bigger impression he made on me was through indirect characterization: what his students and his teachers said about him and his ability to remove obstacles. Mr. Childers was about the kids.
Atkins lost a great educational leader.
So did this school system.
So did this state.
2 thoughts on "Great Principals Are Hard To Come By. WSFCS Lost One This Week.
 1. Thank you for posting this. Mr. Childers was the principal of Hanes while I was there for middle school. I didn't appreciate him nearly as much as I should have. He was so caring and knew every student by name.
Comments are closed.


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Sky Quality Measurement Project
SQM logo Project Coordinator: Dan Taylor
Welcome to the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada's International Year of Astronomy Sky Quality Measurement Project (IYA-SQM Project). This project is continuing beyond IYA.
Perhaps the greatest legacy we can leave through the IYA is greater public awareness of the plight of the nocturnal environment. Understanding light pollution and the growing list of affected items will most certainly lead to increased public sensitivity. It was perceived that the SQM-L can help facilitate this end. More specifically, the SQM-L when operated in controlled conditions has the potential to be highly useful research tool.
Night time image of earth light pollutionThe renowned "Earth at Night" poster, produced through defense meteorological satellite (DMSP) imagery, has lent substance to the pursuit of light pollution abatement. The image was the basis for work by scientists in Italy to develop a light pollution maps based on upward directed light and reflected ground illumination visible in the images.
The potential scientific value of the SQM-L is that the sampling platform is at the base of the atmosphere. Hence the measurements are from the atmosphere above the observer. Therefore SQM-L measurements generate real data on light pollution conditions.
When sufficient sampling is undertaken, inherent errors are minimized. Given that precise geographic locating is now commonplace, developing a grid of SQM-L measurements will yield int specific data. Thus SQM-L generated light pollution maps will for the first time provide a true baseline of light pollution levels in a given study area. Your responsibility is to sample your study area as thoroughly as practical.SQM meter
This packet includes:
 1. This information sheet,
 2. Manufacturer information sheets on the SQM-L for care and handling,
 3. Measurement method instructions,
 4. Data reporting format and procedure instructions,
 5. Terms of use and expediting method, and
 6. A SQM-L unit of course.
This SQM-L has been tested, calibrated and prepared for use during the IYA by Unihedron Inc.
By entering the SQM Project you are obliged to make extensive use of the SQM unit in both public outreach and night sky measurements. After use you shall return the unit to the RASC or to the next user as instructed. The potential for groundbreaking understanding of light pollution consequences cannot be understated. Your active participation is vital to the success of the RASC IYA SQM Project!
Measurement Method
Every measuring device, whether a thermometer, speedometer, or tape measure, has inherent sources of error. The same is true of the SQM unit. But the variable conditions of the sky compound the variability of the SQM reading.
The manufacturer, Unihedron, states this error is ± 5 %. For casual readings this is just fine. A simple click of the device will dispense a reading that will approximate light pollution conditions above that site.
For scientific measurements however, it is important to reduce the probability of these errors for reliable results. The easiest means for use to do this is by taking multiple samples from the same site during the same session. Haze and other aerosols affect transparency and most importantly skew SQM readings. Thus caution should be exercised when selecting an observing session.
When and Where to Take Readings:
 1. Regularly, within the lending period.
 2. At as many sites as possible with the goal of developing a grid of readings in your region.
 3. During each session one final reading from a control site should be taken. The control site may be as simple as out your back door. This will ensure the reliability of the unit during the session.
 4. Clear, moonless sky
 5. It is best to avoid pointing towards the milky way, especially in rural dark locations
 6. No buildings or vegetation within the field of view (±10 degrees, wider if using the older wide-field model)
 7. Follow Unihedron's instruction pamphlet at the end of this booklet
The geographic location of your reading trial must be pinned to the dataset. Without this info your data can not be combined with the data from the other units on loan. A GPS reading along side the SQM-L would be ideal. Although, it would suffice to query online map sites that can generate latitude and longitude coordinates. Please report in the following sexigesimal format: ±degrees:minutes:seconds. The SQM also records temperature. Please see Unihedron for more on why the temperature is necessary.
A preferred spreadsheet form is available for data submissions. Note: there are places for ten SQM readings, a temperature reading, and one for latitude/longitude. Please consider taking at least five readings per observing site.
Online submission is the preferred method.
Access the Canadian Sky Quality Database


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The Inca—Gifts of the Empire
Lecture no. 20 from the course: Lost Worlds of South America
Taught by Professor Edwin Barnhart | 28 min | Categories: The Great Courses Plus Online History Courses
As a glimpse into how the empire functioned so effectively, learn about the Mit'a, a system of labor taxation, noting the services subjects provided to the empire and how they benefited in return. Grasp the Inca's ingenious technology of road building, suspension bridges, and freeze-drying vegetables, and how they eliminated hunger.


- directory portion of all path names
e or E
- suffix portion of path names
f or F
- file (including suffix) portion of path names
i or I
- inferred names of targets
l or L
- macro value in lower case
u or U
- macro value in upper case
- return the first white space separated token from value
or a single one of:
m or M
- map escape codes found in macro to their ASCII value
s or S
- simple pattern substitution
t or T
- tokenization.
- prepend a prefix to each token
- append a suffix to each token
Thus if we have the example:
test = d1/d2/d3/a.out f.out d1/k.out
The following macro expansions produce the values on the right of '->' after expansion.
-> d1/d2/d3/ d1/
-> a f k
-> a.out f.out k.out
-> d1/d2/d3/a f d1/k
-> a.in f.in k.in
-> a.out+f.out+k.out
->.out.out.out
-> D1/D2/D3/A.OUT F.OUT D1/K.OUT
-> d1/d2/d3/a.out
If a token ends in a string composed from the value of the macro DIRBRKSTR (ie. ends in a directory separator string, e.g. '/' in UNIX) and you use the :d modifier then the expansion returns the directory name less the final directory separator string. Thus successive pairs of :d modifiers each remove a level of directory in the token string.
The map escape codes modifier changes the following escape codes \a => , \b => , \f => , \n => , \r => , \t => , \v => , \" => ", and \xxx => where xxx is the octal representation of a character into the corresponding ASCII value.
The tokenization, prepend and append modifier may use the same escape codes that are supported by the map escape codes modifier in the string that is inserted, prepended or added by the respective macro modifier. These modifiers may quote this string to include otherwise problematic characters. E.g. spaces, colons and parentheses.
The tokenization modifier takes all white space separated tokens from the macro value and separates them by the separator string. Thus the expansion:
a.out+ f.out+ k.out
The prefix operator ^ takes all white space separated tokens from the macro value and prepends string to each.
mydir/a.out mydir/f.out mydir/k.out
The suffix operator + takes all white space separated tokens from the macro value and appends string to each.
a.c f.c k.c
The next non-standard form of macro expansion allows for recursive macros. It is possible to specify a $(macro_name) or ${macro_name} expansion where macro_name contains more $(... ) or ${... } macro expansions itself.
For example $(CC$(_HOST)$(_COMPILER)) will first expand CC$(_HOST)$(_COMPILER) to get a result and use that result as the name of the macro to expand. This is useful for writing a makefile for more than one target environment. As an example consider the following hypothetical case. Suppose that _HOST and _COMPILER are imported from the environment and are set to represent the host machine type and the host compiler respectively.
CFLAGS_VAX_CC = -c -O # _HOST == "_VAX", _COMPILER == "_CC"
CFLAGS_PC_MSC = -c -ML # _HOST == "_PC", _COMPILER == "_MSC"
# redefine CFLAGS macro as:
This causes CFLAGS to take on a value that corresponds to the environment in which the make is being invoked.
The final non-standard macro expansion is of the form:
where string1, string2 and token_list are expanded. After expansion, string1 is prepended to each token found in token_list and string2 is appended to each resulting token from the previous prepend. string1 and string2 are not delimited by white space whereas the tokens in token_list are. A null token in the token list is specified using "". Thus using another example we have:
test/{f1 f2}.o
--> test/f1.o test/f2.o
test/ {f1 f2}.o
--> test/ f1.o f2.o
test/{f1 f2}.o
--> test/f1 test/f2.o
test/{f1 }.o
--> test/f1.o test/.o
test/{d1 d2}/{f1 f2}.o -->
test/d1/f1.o test/d1/f2.o test/d2/f1.o test/d2/f2.o
This last expansion is activated only when the first characters of token_list appear immediately after the opening '{' with no intervening white space. The reason for this restriction is the following incompatibility with Bourne Shell recipes. The line
{ echo hello;}
is valid /bin/sh syntax; while
{echo hello;}
is not. Hence the latter triggers the enhanced macro expansion while the former causes it to be suppressed. See the SPECIAL MACROS section for a description of the special macros that dmake defines and understands.
A makefile contains a series of entries that specify dependencies. Such entries are called target/prerequisite or rule definitions. Each rule definition is optionally followed by a set of lines that provide a recipe for updating any targets defined by the rule. Whenever dmake attempts to bring a target up to date and an explicit recipe is provided with a rule defining the target, that recipe is used to update the target. A rule definition begins with a line having the following syntax:
 [] [] [;]
targets is a non-empty list of targets. If the target is a special target (see SPECIAL TARGETS section below) then it must appear alone on the rule line. For example:
is not allowed since both.IMPORT and.ERROR are special targets. Special targets are not used in the construction of the dependency graph and will not be made.
attributes is a possibly empty list of attributes. Any attribute defined in the ATTRIBUTES section above may be specified. All attributes will be applied to the list of named targets in the rule definition. No other targets will be affected.
As stated earlier, if both the target list and prerequisite list are empty but the attributes list is not, then the specified attributes affect all targets in the makefile.
ruleop is a separator which is used to identify the targets from the prerequisites. Optionally it also provides a facility for modifying the way in which dmake handles the making of the associated targets. In its simplest form the operator is a single ':', and need not be separated by white space from its neighboring tokens. It may additionally be followed by any of the modifiers {!, ^, -, :, | }, where:
says execute the recipe for the associated targets once for each out of date prerequisite. Ordinarily the recipe is executed once for all out of date prerequisites at the same time.
says to insert the specified prerequisites, if any, before any other prerequisites already associated with the specified targets. In general, it is not useful to specify ^ with an empty list of prerequisites.
says to clear the previous list of prerequisites before adding the new prerequisites. Thus,
foo :
foo : bar baz
can be replaced by
foo :- bar baz
however the old form still works as expected.
When the rule operator is not modified by a second ':' only one set of rules may be specified for making a target. Multiple definitions may be used to add to the list of prerequisites that a target depends on. However, if a target is multiply defined only one definition may specify a recipe for making the target.
When a target's rule operator is modified by a second ':' (:: for example) then this definition may not be the only definition with a recipe for the target. There may be other :: target definition lines that specify a different set of prerequisites with a different recipe for updating the target. Any such target is made if any of the definitions find it to be out of date with respect to the related prerequisites and the corresponding recipe is used to update the target. By definition all '::' recipes that are found to be out of date for are executed.
In the following simple example, each rule has a '::' ruleop. In such an operator we call the first ':' the operator, and the second ':' the modifier.
a.o :: a.c b.h
 first recipe for making a.o
a.o :: a.y b.h
 second recipe for making a.o
If a.o is found to be out of date with respect to a.c then the first recipe is used to make a.o. If it is found out of date with respect to a.y then the second recipe is used. If a.o is out of date with respect to b.h then both recipes are invoked to make a.o. In the last case the order of invocation corresponds to the order in which the rule definitions appear in the makefile.
Is defined only for PERCENT rule target definitions. When specified it indicates that the following construct should be parsed using the old semantinc meaning:
%.o :| %.c %.r %.f ; some rule
is equivalent to:
%.o : %.c ; some rule
%.o : %.r ; some rule
%.o : %.f ; some rule
Targets defined using a single ':' operator with a recipe may be redefined again with a new recipe by using a ':' operator with a ':' modifier. This is equivalent to a target having been initially defined


text:
1. If you don't have a FO account yet, please click "create account"
2. After you click in, fill in your account name and password. (Account name should be 12 characters long consisting of lower-case letters and of numbers 1 to 5) You can check whether the account is registered using the FIBOS ROCKS blockchain browser:_URL_
3. The wallet will automatically generate a private key. Please be sure that this private key is backed up. (FO Wallet will not save your private key for you, and it is not recoverable if lost.)
4. If you already have an FO account, you can choose to import it. To do so, the private key is required and you will also need to set up a password while importing.
You can transfer specific amounts EOS to FIBOS from another wallet.
Please take note that this is a cross-chain transfer operation:
1.The receiving account will be the FIBOS official account: fiboscouncil
2.The memo note must be your FIBOS account name that you have already registered.
Important Notes: To prevent cross-chain transfer failures.
1.Please do not transfer from exchanges directly. (Using the EOS wallet is recommended). If you are transferring from an exchange and filled in the wrong memo, your assets will return to the exchange, and please contact the exchange!
2.Please be sure that your memo is filled in correctly. (The memo message must be the FIBOS account you have already registered)
a）If the memo you filled in is an account that does not exist, the system will return the assets back to the original withdrawal account.
b）1. If the memo you filled in is accidentally of someone else's account, the assets will be lost permanently.
Here is an example, using TokenPocket:
1. Open the wallet home page and check if the cross-chain transfer of EOS has arrived.
2. Click on EOS and fill in the amount of EOS that you want to exchange for FO. Click the Exchange button on the bottom to exchange EOS for FO.
3.After operating the EOS to FO exchange, go back to the Home page, and check if the amount of FO in the account has increased successfully.
Select FO in the Home page, and click on the Exchange button on the bottom to exchange for EOS.
1. Select EOS token in the Home page and click the Withdrawal button.
2. While cross chain transferring, the default account name that does not need to be changed is the FIBOS official account: fiboscouncil. You only need to fill in the amount you want to withdraw, and the receiving EOS main net account.
Important Notes: In case of cross-chain transfer failure, be sure the EOS account is correct.
a.If the EOS account you filled in does not exist, the system will return the assets back to your original sending account.
b.If the EOS account you filled in with is accidentally someone else's account, the assets will be lost permanently.
3. Please check if the tokens have arrived in the corresponding receiving account.
There are 2 possibilities that may cause the failure of network requests: either the account name is already taken or there are issues with the network.
a.Account name is already taken: Retry with a different account name; You can check if the name is available using the FIBOS ROCKS blockchain browser: _URL_
b.Network Issue: Disconnect from WiFi and use cellular data to try again. If that doesn't work either, retry after turning on and off Airplane Mode, or with Airplane Mode on while connected to WiFi.
There are several situations that may cause the failure of EOS transfers: Insufficient RAM, Insufficient CPU resource, wrong FIBOS account in memo or assertion failure.
a.Insufficient RAM: Buy RAM in wallet resource management DAPP.
b.Insufficient CPU: Mortgage EOS in in of wallet resource management DAPP.
c.Wrong FIBOS account in memo: system will return the tokens automatically if the memo account does not exist. Please check again if the account is registered using the browser:_URL_ and retry FIBOS registration steps.
d.Assertion failure: assertion failure is a result given by the EOS main net. It may be caused by multiple different reasons, please try your transfer again.
Please check the contents below:
a.Is the FIBOS account correct?
b.Is the FIBOS private key entered correct?
c.Is the exchange amount greater than what is currently available in FIBOS?


text:
v. flomfed, flomf·ing, flomfs
1. the act of vigorously penetrating a wet pussy with a hard cock
2. Used in the imperative as a signal of angry dismissal.
1. An act of sexual intercourse.
2. A partner in sexual intercourse.
3. A despised person.
4. Used as an intensive: What the fuck did you do that for?
Used to express extreme displeasure.
(Originated in 2006, straight outta Watsonville)