National indifference
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National indifference is the status of lacking a strong and consistent national identity. The concept was originated by scholars of the Bohemian lands, where many inhabitants historically resisted classification as either Czechs or Germans, around 2000.[1] It was outlined by Tara Zahra in her 2010 paper published in Slavic Review, "Imagined Noncommunities: National Indifference as a Category of Analysis".[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In 2016, an academic conference was held in Prague to discuss the concept.[1]
Zahra's concept[edit]
Zahra notes that even as most scholars accept that nationalities are imagined communities, they continue to use national categories, such "the Czechs", "the Germans", etc. in an uncritical way. According to Zahra, national indifference is "a new label for phenomena that have long attracted the attention of historians and political activists"[9]—particularly negative attention from nationalists bemoaning perceived disloyalty.[9][10] Zahra intends the concept of national indifference to provide a means of studying history without assuming national identities of historical subjects. It also helps to study the resistance of pre-nationalist identities to nationalist activism, usually in cases where either one or multiple nationalism movements attempt to mobilize a population. She outlines three types of national indifference:[1]
 1. National agnosticism: the "complete absence of national loyalties as many individuals are identified more strongly with religious, class, local, regional, professional, or familial communities";
 2. National ambivalence, characterized by opportunism and side-switching;
 3. Bilingualism and openness to interethnic marriage.
She concedes that national indifference is difficult to study, because of such factors as nationalization of history, archives that are dedicated to national history, political apathy among nationally indifferent people, and censuses that do not recognize national indifference or bilingualism.[9]
In 1906, Jan Kapica [pl] asked, "What is an Upper Silesian? Is he a German, a Pole, a Prussian, simply an Upper Silesian, or simply a Catholic or, perhaps, even just an abstract human being?"[9]
Apart from Bohemia, the concept of national indifference has been applied to other Habsburg areas, in addition to the German–French and German–Polish borderlands. More recently it has been applied to parts of the Russian Empire such as Baltics and Bessarabia.[1]
Many instances of national indifference have been cited:
 - In mid-nineteenth century Dalmatia, locals often identified as both Italian and Slavic.[9]
 - In early-twentieth century Upper Silesia, many people rejected both German nationalism and Polish nationalism, instead focusing on Catholic identity. The most powerful political parties did not have a nationalist agenda. The League of Nations World Court officially recognized national indifference in Silesia, finding that the line between Poles and Germans was murky and undefined.[9]
 - The number of German-speakers in the Czech lands decreased by 400,000 between 1909 and 1921, which involved considerable side-switching.[9]
 - In 1930, the Czechoslovak State Statistical Office proposed that Czechoslovak citizens should be allowed to register themselves as "without nationality" on the census, just as it was possible to register as "without religion". Officials argued that "Not all people have national feelings or consciousness, or the desire to belong to a specific national community". This view was rejected by Czech nationalists and never implemented.[9]
 - Nazi officials claimed that Germanness was determined by race, but in practice they used national indifference in order to sign up more people, not previously identified as Germans, to the Volksliste; according to Doris Bergen, some people resorted to displays of antisemitic invective and violence to increase their perceived Germanness.[9]
 - In the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, national polarization between Czechs and Germans resulted from the effects of the Nazi occupation and efforts to classify "a hopelessly mixed people".[11]
 - In the Polish census of 1931, 707,000 respondents listed themselves as Tutejszy, meaning "local", "from here".[12]
Critics of the concept argue that "indifference" is often associated with passivity, which may not be the case. Alternate terms have been proposed by other scholars such as Karsten Brüggemann [de] or Katja Wezel, including "anationalism", "national ambiguity", and "hybridity".[1] According to Per Bolin and Christina Douglas, the concept may be useful when discussing demotic national movements, but is unlikely to be applicable to elite nationalism (such as Baltic Germans).[13]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ a b c d e Miller, Alexei (2019). ""National Indifference" as a Political Strategy?". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 20 (1): 63–72. doi:10.1353/kri.2019.0003.
 2. ^ Ginderachter, Maarten van; Fox, Jon, eds. (2018). National indifference and the History of Nationalism in Modern Europe: National indifference and the History of Nationalism in Modern Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-38276-2.
 3. ^ "The Phantom Subject of "National Indifference"".
 4. ^ Bjork, James (2008). Neither German Nor Pole: Catholicism and National Indifference in a Central European Borderland. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11646-1.
 5. ^ Van Ginderachter, Maarten (2018). "How to gauge banal nationalism and national indifference in the past: proletarian tweets in Belgium's belle époque". Nations and Nationalism. 24 (3): 579–593. doi:10.1111/nana.12420.
 6. ^ Cole, Laurence (2012). "Differentiation or Indifference? Changing Perspectives on National Identification in the Austrian Half of the Habsburg Monarchy". Nationhood from Below: Europe in the Long Nineteenth Century. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 96–119. ISBN 978-0-230-35535-4.
 7. ^ Stergar, Rok (2012). "National Indifference in the Heyday of Nationalist Mobilization? Ljubljana Military Veterans and the Language of Command". Austrian History Yearbook. 43: 45–58. doi:10.1017/S0067237811000580.
 8. ^ Lichtenstein, Tatjana (2012). "Racializing Jewishness: Zionist Reponses to National Indifference in Interwar Czechoslovakia". Austrian History Yearbook. 43: 75–97. doi:10.1017/S0067237811000609.
 9. ^ a b c d e f g h i Zahra, Tara (2010). "Imagined Noncommunities: National Indifference as a Category of Analysis". Slavic Review. 69 (1): 93–119. doi:10.1017/S0037677900016715. ISSN 0037-6779.
 10. ^ Feest, David (2017). "Spaces of 'national indifference' in biographical research on citizens of the Baltic republics 1918–1940". Journal of Baltic Studies. 48 (1): 55–66. doi:10.1080/01629778.2016._PHONE_.
 11. ^ Bryant, Chad Carl (2007). Prague in Black: Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02451-9.
 12. ^ Fowkes, Ben (2002-03-07). Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Communist World. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-333-79256-8.
 13. ^ Bolin, Per; Douglas, Christina (2017). "'National indifference' in the Baltic territories? A critical assessment". Journal of Baltic Studies. 48 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1080/01629778.2016._PHONE_.


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- The Filthy
An heretical sect originating in Mesopotamia in 360. They denied that the Sacraments give grace and declared that the only spiritual power is prayer. Prayer, they said, drives out the evil spirit and brings into the soul the Holy Spirit, and thus unites the soul to God, and gives perfect control over the passions. The fervour of their prayers was supposed to bring them into immediate contact with God; so they neglected everything but prayer and conformed to the religious and civil customs of a place only in order to escape persecution. They said that after a period of constant prayer they saw the Trinity; that the Three Divine Persons became one and dwelt within them; and that they were then able to stamp upon the evil spirits that they saw prowling about the world. On account of their belief in their possession by the Holy Spirit, they were called Enthusiasts (Greek: enthous, full of the god). They were also called "Praying Folk" or Euchites from the Greek translation (euchomai, pray), of their Oriental name. In some places in later centuries they were identified with the Marcianists because they held some of the same doctrines. Their first leader, Adelphius, also gave his name to the sect, sometimes called Adelphians. They were condemned in 376 by Flavian, Bishop of Antioch; in 388 by the Synod of Side; in 426 by a Council of Constantinople; and in 431 by the Third General Council of Ephesus. In Armenia and Syria they were accused of immorality, were called "The Filthy," and were banished. They revived under the name of Bogomili but perished in the 9th century.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Sauce"). Kraft and other large condiment manufacturers sell this type of horseradish sauce.
In Eastern European Jewish cuisine, a sweetened horseradish-vinegar sauce, called chrain in Yiddish (Glueck 2004), traditionally accompanies gefilte fish. There are two varieties of chrain. "Red" chrain is mixed with red beet (beetroot) and "white" chrain contains no beet. It is also popular in Poland (under the name of chrzan), in Russia (хрен), in Hungary (torma), in Romania (hrean), and in Bulgaria (хрян). Having this on the Easter table is a part of Easter tradition in Eastern and Central Europe. A variety with red beet also exists and it is called ćwikła z chrzanem or simply ćwikła in Poland. Horseradish (often grated and mixed with cream, hardboiled eggs, or apples) is also a traditional Easter dish in Slovenia and in the adjacent Italian region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.
Horseradish is also used as a main ingredient for soups. In Polish Silesia region, horseradish soup is a main Easter Sunday dish (Urban-Klaehn 2008).
Horseradish dyed green is often substituted for the more expensive wasabi traditionally served with sushi, even in Japan. (Downey 2000). The Japanese botanical name for horseradish is seiyōwasabi (セイヨウワサビ, 西洋山葵), or "Western wasabi."
Horseradish contains 2 glucosinolates (sinigrin and gluconasturtiin) which are responsible for its pungent taste (Richard). Horseradish contains potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, as well as volatile oils, such as mustard oil (which has antibacterial properties due to the antibacterial mechanism of allyl isothiocyanate) (Lin et al. 2000). Fresh, the plant contains average 79.31 milligrams of vitamin C per 100 g of raw horseradish (Rinzler 1997).
Medicinal uses
Horseradish has long use medicinally, both externally and internally. Early Greeks used horseradish as an aphrodisiac and for lower back pain (Arnot 2003). It has been used historically in Europe as a cough expectorant and treatment for scurvy, food poisoning, tuberculosis and colic (Arnot 2003).
Known to have diuretic properties, the roots have been used to treat various minor health problems, including urinary tract infections, bronchitis, sinus congestion, ingrowing toenails, and coughs. Compounds found in horseradish have been found to kill some bacterial strains.
Research applications
The enzyme horseradish peroxidase, found in the plant, is used extensively in molecular biology for antibody detection, among other things. It is increasingly important in biochemical research fields (Purves and Lichtman 1985).
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is commonly used for specifically coloring of thin (~5 micrometer) slices of tissue biopsies from patients suspected to have cancer. This is an area of human pathology called immunohistochemistry (IHC). Many molecules of HRP are bound to a polymer together with immunoglobulins that will bind to a primary immunoglobulin that recognizes a specific biomarker in cells in the tissue slices. The HRP will convert 3,3-diaminobenzidin (DAB) to a yellowish brown insoluble compound. This compound is visible in a microscope and helps the pathologist to diagnose the cancer.
 - Arnot, S. 2003. Horseradish. Sauce Magazine January 30, 2003. Retrieved January 15, 2009.
 - Plants for a Future (PFAF). 2000. Armoracia rusticana. Plants for a Future. Retrieved January 15, 2009.
 - Pleasant, B. 2003. Horseradish. Mother Earth News October/November 2003. Retrieved January 15, 2009.
 - Rinzler, C. A. 1997. Book of Herbs and Spices. Ware, England: Wordsworth Editions. ISBN _PHONE_.
 - Turner, W., and S. Hibberd. (1568). The First and Seconde Partes of the Herbal of William Turner Doctor in Phisick: Lately Ouersene, Corrected and Enlarged With the Thirde Parte, Lately Gathered, and Nowe Set Oute With the Names of the Herbes, in Greke Latin, English, Duche, Frenche, and in the Apothecaries and Herbaries Latin, With the Properties, Degrees, and Naturall Places of the Same; Here Vnto is Ioyned Also a Booke of the Bath of Baeth in England, and of the Vertues of the Same With Diuerse Other Bathes, Moste Holsom and Effectuall, Both in Almanye and England. Imprinted at Collen, by the heirs of Arnold Birckman. (on microfilm)


Display hidden fields from grid in edit form as texts
There are situation where we need to display the fields in edit form as texts, without a need to update it – just for information. In this article I will explain how to achieve this.
In Guriddo jqGrid there is no build-in way to display certain fields in forms as text for information purposes. Fortunately we have a custom functions with which we can do this.
In this example we will use custom_element and custom_value in editoptions object. The another requirement is that the field should be hidden in grid, but displayed into the form. Below are the settings in colModel which will do this:
colModel: [
 label: 'Freigh',
 name: 'Freight',
 width: 150,
 hidden : true,
 editable: true,
 edittype: "custom",
 editoptions: {
 custom_value: getFreightElementValue,
 custom_element: createFreightTextElement
 editrules : { edithidden : true }
In order not to display the field in grid, but in edit form we need to set the hidden option to true and edithidden option to true in editrules object
Now the field should be defined as editable and tell that a custom edit will be applied. This is done with editable: true and edittype: "custom" options in colModel. When a custom edit type is used we need to define two functions in editoptions – custom_element, which is responsible for the creation of our element and custom_value which is responsible for the manipulation of the value for that element. Bello are our two functions.
function createFreightTextElement(value, editOptions) {
 return $(""+value+"");
function getFreightElementValue(elem, oper, value) {
 if (oper === "set") {
 if (oper === "get") {
 return $(elem).text();
As can be seen the function which creates the element createFreightTextElement create a simple span element and append the value in this element. The function getFreightElementValue set the value in form when we walk through the records with navigator buttons (oper = set) and return the value when we push the Submit button form (oper= get). In case if there is a no need to submit this value to the server a serrializeEditData event should be defined in order to remove this Element. Below is the code that do this.
 { edit: true, add: false, del: false, search: false, refresh: true, view: false, align: "left" },
 // edit form options
 closeAfterEdit: true,
 delete data['Freight'];
 return data;
That is all. The example can be seen in our demo page here
Kind Regards,
Tony Tomov
Stay connected with us in your favorite flavor!


text:
There is a thin line between calculus and the calibration of roundness measuring system – not so many people understand them. Even the few ones who do end up making mistakes most of the time. Take the word 'calibrate' for example. Most precision experts use it all the time in the world of roundness. The word means to determine what one has as compared to a given proper value. The right word to use instead of calibrate is to 'adjust' or 'correct'. So how is calibrating a roundness system done?
Understand How Your Measuring Tools Work
The roundness or spherical measuring sensor is made up of two main parts. There is the electronic part, designed to sense motion. This part is sometimes referred to as the 'probe'. Then there is the shaft otherwise referred to as the 'stylus'. These two parts work with the spindle so as to make a roundness measurement.
Understand Everything That Comes With The Roundness Gage
A typical roundness system comes with a few extra tools designed to help with adjustment or calibration. Understand how the extra tools work. They include:
- A precision hemisphere/sphere
- An optical flat complete with gage blocks
- A dynamic/flick calibration standard
The Precision Hemisphere/Sphere
Its round shape is designed to test the spindle. It features a ball which is 'zero reference' by default. The ball is considered perfect, compared to the measuring instrument. What most people do not know is that there is still some error in the ball. 'Certificate of calibration' as you will see as you measure is an actual error in the ball. The calibration lab arrives at the balls certified value using extremely accurate methods. It involves the 'reversal' technique, which is yet another complex feature under calibrating a roundness system.
Calibrating With The Ball
This is 'the mother of all errors'. It is impossible to calibrate with the ball. People use the certified value of the hemisphere/sphere, a practice that is dangerous. Note that in roundness systems, the word 'calibrate' means 'to adjust' as already explained. Calibrating with the ball actually leads to innacurate measurements full of errors. It reduces microns all the time.
Using a precision hemisphere/sphere to adjust a roundness measuring system is more or less the same as using an optical flat so as to set the gain on an electronic indicator. You won't get enough deflection to set the gain. That is because hemispheres and spheres are 'zero references'. They are not adjusting tools.
Verifying The Probe Game
The 'gain' factor is one that must be set and controlled when it comes to any roundness measuring system. For example, there will be lower sensitivity if a long stylus shaft is used. The sensitivity will be represented by a 'gain' value inside the measuring instrument. The value must then be set through a process that the system identifies as 'calibration'. To verify and adjust the probe gain, you have to exercise more of the probe's motion. You can handle this through the Flick Standard, also referred to as the Dynamic Standard. Gage blocks can also do the same thing.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The Secondary objective of the dust collection bags is to check pollution for example air pollution and water pollution. In all the stages of cement production, dust collector filter bags are proved to be the best because of its high-efficiency and flow rate etc. Use of this style of dust collector filer bags also provide a degree of protection from the unknown and indirect-able changes that sometimes occur during bag house operations. It is mostly implemented filter plates in coal boilers of thermal power stations. Dust collector sends the air into the dust collection filter bags.
For instance flour mill, pharmaceutical factories food processing etc, where the dust and other unsafe things can not be allowed to exhaust in open environment. This product delivers chemical resistance identical to poly propylene while allowing operation up to 250 degree Fahrenheit (equivalent to 121 c).Benefits of Dust Collector Filter Bags-1-Its maintenance cost is low.B- Antistatic NeedlePunched Filter Cloth-MS Anti static needle punched filter cloth easily results in the explosion and conflagration after the consistency of common commercial power and dust reaches certain degree.It is implemented in metal processing.It is employed in chemical processing. These pleated dust collection bags are extensively utilized for contamination control. To hold fine particles of dust the filter medium of bag must be anti static. These are made from glass fiber, acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, PTFE, P84 and nomex etc. In the cement industry the medium particle size of the cement dust ranges from 8 to 12 microns.Its feature is a great combination of filtration efficiency and dust layer release. Dust collection filter bags are utilized here to collect harmful and dust elements. These pleated dust collection bags are very efficient and provide long-lasting excellent functionality.2-Practical efficiency of Dust Collector Filter Bags are incredibly high.
Forms of Dust collector filter bags-A- Acrylic homopolymer needle punched filter felt-MS Acrylic homopolymer needle punched filter felt are available in woven or felt form.4-It is effective and not affected by Gas-dust compositionDust collector filter bags perform a significant role in such production plants who also make dust and different unsafe chemical crystals with their consumer items.3-It recovers heat very efficiently. Plant of these forms use dust collector filter bags to collect dust and other unsafe components.These are essentially necessary where the dust is produced throughout processing materials.It provides good chemical resistance to acid and alkalis.Its other features are anti abrasion, mostly applied in pitch mix gas, blast furnace gas of steel factory, tail gas of while char, kiln application and electrical cooker high temperature gas.D- P84 Needle Punched Filer Felt-MS p84 needle punched felt is a high temperature -proof filter material good chemical repellent, good air permeability and high filtration performance.C- Nomex Filter Felt-The characteristic of MS nomex filer needle felt is high temperature (between 204 ~ 240 degree), anti acid, anti alkali, high filtration precision, low pressure drop and anti break. This kind of dust collector filter bags filters several contaminants from the water and oil.
Using this type of dust collector filter bags engineers can reduce capital and operational costs. Dust collector filter bags may work efficiently during working in various temperatures, which may vary in accordance to the process of production dry or wet in production plants in the range of 150 degree Fahrenheit to 250 degree Fahrenheit. These manufacturing plants are like cement, thermal power station, fertilizers, steel pants, aluminum, zinc, lead, asbestos and chemical plants etc. They are highly versatile and efficient in dust collection.Dust Collector Filter Bags are most important element of a filtration system. There are a variety of manufacturing techniques to manufacture suitable dust collector filter bags to fulfill all the requirements of a dust collector depending up on the system of cleaning such as pulse & reverse jet and auto mechanism cleaning. The expanded PTFE Membrane permits more air to pass through the filter media while trapping particles on the surface. Dust collection filter bags are also utilized in metallurgy, fertilizers and chemical companies.G- Filter Bags with PTFE Membrane Laminating-These dust collection filer bags are implemented in all the dust collector applications.
When the dust collector sucks the air, air carries these crystals inside the dust collector.Other types dust collector filter bags are ---1-Glass fiber Needle Punched Filter Felt2-Poly-P-Phenylene Sulfide (PPS) NeedlePunched Filter Felt3-PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) Needle Punched Filter Felt. It is touching the static electricity light and sparks outside such as flour powder, coal powder and chemical crystals.E- Polyester (PET) Needle Punched Filter Felt-MS Polyester needle punched filter felt deliver a cost-effective answer for a number of industrial operations. Here dust collector filter bags are responsible to hold sucked substances and allow the air to pass.It is used in mineral processing.F- Water and Oil Resistant Filter Cloth-After oil and water treatment various filter fabrics can form a layer of substances barrier around the fiber surface


text:
Search This Site
News :: School board learns of impact of iPads, 1 to 1 laptops at VSHS
· 5:19pm January 14th, 2013
Members of the Vinton-Shellsburg School Board saw several demonstrations of how modern computer technology can help with education.
Several teachers demonstrated how students are using Apple iPads and laptop computers to create videos, and learn reading and pronunciation skills.
But first, the school board members had a chance for some training on their own iPads. The school district has replaced the laptop computers that the school board members used for meetings with iPads. Technology specialist Kim Meyer spent a half hour giving board members basic instructions in how to use the devices.
The meeting took place in the library of Tilford Elementary Monday afternoon.
District considering 1 to 1 computers at VSHS
High School Principal Matt Kingsbury joined Meyer in sharing with the school board their proposal for providing each student at VSHS with his or her own laptop computer. The program would cost $700,000 with the money coming from the PPEL levy; no additional tax revenues would be required.
The purchase would be repeated every four years; middle school students would eventually use the computers after the high school students received new ones.
Kingsbury said the $700,000 includes computers, carrying bags, security and software. Kingsbury and Meyer told the board why they believe Macintosh computers are better than PCs.
VS leaders have spoken about the 1 to 1 computer program with other districts. Students in those schools generally took very good care of their computers.
Kingsbury and Meyer said that the tech committee at VSHS is putting together policies governing computer use, as well as possible fees for families if a student accidentally damages a computer.
A survey by school officials indicated that 157 people responded that they were in favor of each student having his own computer; 25 respondents said no; and 76 said maybe. Concerns expressed in the survey included the cost of the program, the expense for families of students, and filtering to make sure that students do not use inappropriate web sites. Meyer and Kingsbury explained how current technogology allows the school IT personnel to monitor every computer in the system.
The school board heard how students have used already computers to do several projects, including creating radio broadcasts and e-books.
Kingsbury said he is working with VSHS staff on setting up training sessions for students and teachers, as well as a meeting for parents; the plan is to have the computers available for the next school year, if the district and board grant final approval.
"No decision has been made, but there is some momentum building," said Superintendent Mary Jo Hainstock.
Vinton to see 28 percent increase in county landfill fee in 2013
Speech contest season begins; VS hosts WAMAC Large Group event


text:
temperate rain forest
Definition of temperate rain forest
: woodland of a usually rather mild climatic area within the temperate zone that receives heavy rainfall, usually includes numerous kinds of trees, and is distinguished from a tropical rain forest especially by the presence of a dominant tree
First Known Use of temperate rain forest
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up temperate rain forest? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


text:
Report: Flint, Detroit more blighted than hurricane-ravaged New Orleans
The article is based on a study from the Greater New Orleans Data Center, which has been tracking blight in six cities notorious for urban decline.
New Orleans held the unwanted "most blighted" among the six cities -- which also include Cleveland, Baltimore and Youngstown, Ohio -- for five years until the report for 2011, the most recent data available to the Center.
About 21 percent of all New Orleans properties were blighted in 2011, compared with 27 percent in Flint and 24 percent in Detroit, the report says.
The percentage of blight was based on the number of blighted addresses or empty lots plus vacant but habitable homes according to data kept by the U.S. Postal Service.
The study notes that measuring blight can be a challenge because "each municipality defines blight differently, and some don't track blight at all."
The 2011 data for New Orleans is also the first year of the study that includes estimates by the study authors and a larger margin of error because of a change in how the USPS recorded data, according to the study.
Click here to view the report.


text:
A large QR-code is used to encode the attendee's detail information.
The qrcode (detail) could contain:
- registration or ticket number
- email address
- a webpage url
- mystery prize
A Big.first.name Advanced Design.
Included Fonts: Ubuntu (normal)
view an example pdf for template design Big QR Code
Landscape Badge Example:
Portrait Badge Example:
Place Name / Tent Card Example:
You can change the example data that is used on this page.


Critical positivity ratio
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Losada Zone)
Jump to: navigation, search
The critical positivity ratio (also known as the Losada ratio or the Losada line) is a largely discredited concept in positive psychology positing an exact ratio of positive to negative emotions which distinguishes "flourishing" people from "languishing" people.[1] The ratio was proposed by Marcial Losada and psychologist Barbara Fredrickson, who identified a ratio of positive to negative affect of exactly 2.9013 as separating flourishing from languishing individuals in a 2005 paper in American Psychologist.[2] The concept of a critical positivity ratio was widely embraced by both academic psychologists and the lay public; Fredrickson and Losada's paper was cited nearly 1,000 times,[3] and Fredrickson wrote a popular book expounding the concept of "the 3-to-1 ratio that will change your life".[4] Fredrickson wrote: "Just as zero degrees Celsius is a special number in thermodynamics, the 3-to-1 positivity ratio may well be a magic number in human psychology."[1]
However, the critical positivity ratio aroused the skepticism of Nick Brown, a graduate student in applied positive psychology, who felt that the paper's mathematical claims underlying the critical positivity ratio were fundamentally flawed.[5] Brown collaborated with physicist Alan Sokal and psychologist Harris Friedman on a re-analysis of the paper's data. They found that Fredrickson and Losada's paper contained "numerous fundamental conceptual and mathematical errors", as did Losada's earlier work on positive psychology, which completely invalidated their claims.[6] Losada declined to respond to the criticism, indicating that he was too busy running his consulting business.[5] Fredrickson wrote a response in which she conceded that the mathematical aspects of the critical positivity ratio were "questionable" and that she had "neither the expertise nor the insight" to defend them.[7]
In response, American Psychologist formally retracted the mathematical modeling elements of Fredrickson & Losada's paper, including the specific critical positivity ratio of 2.9013, as invalid.[8] The fundamental nature of the mathematical errors, which went unnoticed for years despite the widespread publicity surrounding the critical positivity ratio, contributed to a perception that social psychology as a field lacked scientific soundness and rigorous critical thinking.[5][3][9] Sokal later stated: "The main claim made by Fredrickson and Losada is so implausible on its face that some red flags ought to have been raised."[5]
Building on research by Barbara Fredrickson indicating that individuals with a higher ratio of positive to negative emotions tend to have more successful life outcomes,[10] and on studies by Marcial Losada applying differential equations from fluid dynamics to human emotions, Fredrickson and Losada used nonlinear dynamics modelling (based on Lorenz systems) to argue that the ideal positivity/negativity ratio lies between 2.9013 and 11.6346. They argued that those with ratios within this range will "flourish", whereas those with values outside it will "languish". They claimed that their model predicted cut-off points for the maximum and minimum positivity ratios within which one should observe qualitative changes in an individual's level of flourishing.
Losada's article was critiqued by Andrés Navas in a Note to the French website of the CNRS "Images des Mathématiques". [11] The whole theory of the critical positivity ratio was strongly critiqued by Nicholas Brown, Alan Sokal, and Harris Friedman, in a 2013 article published in American Psychologist.[6] Brown et al. argue that Losada's conclusions in previous papers using modelling from fluid dynamics, and those in his paper co-authored with Fredrickson, are not only based on poorly reported experiments – they argue that it is difficult to draw any conclusions from some previous studies by Losada because critical details are omitted, and "interpretations of results are made with little or no justification" (p. 5) – but are based on elementary errors in the use of differential equations.
Among the severe flaws described by Brown et al. in the positivity-ratio theory and its presentation were:
 - That the data used by Losada in several analyses do not meet the basic criteria for the use of differential equations (such as the use of continuous variables that evolve smoothly and deterministically over time).
 - That the differential equations used by Losada to calculate the critical positivity ratio use parameters taken directly from Lorenz's simplified, illustrative, and most importantly, arbitrary models for fluid dynamics. Losada gives no rationale for his choice of parameters. Using different arbitrary parameters gives different positivity ratios, and thus the precise values for the ratio given by Fredrickson and Losada (2.9013 to 11.6346) are meaningless.
 - That the butterfly-like Figure 1 provided by Fredrickson and Losada is not a model of the data taken from their human participants, but "the results of computer simulations of the Lorenz equations, nothing more" (p. 11).
 - That even if one takes the idea of the precise positivity/negativity ratio numbers seriously, there should exist not just a single ratio band in which "flourishing" should occur, but several "windows" of desirable and undesirable positivity/negativity ratios above a certain value. That is, it is likely that Fredrickson and Losada did not fully grasp the implications of applying nonlinear dynamics to their data.
Brown et al. state that one can "only marvel at the astonishing coincidence that human emotions should turn out to be governed by exactly the same set of equations that were derived in a celebrated article several decades ago as a deliberately simpliﬁed model of convection in ﬂuids, and whose solutions happen to have visually appealing properties. An alternative explanation – and, frankly, the one that appears most plausible to us – is that the entire process of "derivation" of the Lorenz equations has been contrived to demonstrate an imagined ﬁt between some rather limited empirical data and the scientiﬁcally impressive world of nonlinear dynamics."(p. 8). They "urge future researchers to exercise caution in the use of advanced mathematical tools, such as nonlinear dynamics" (p. 1).
Fredrickson responded to the critique by agreeing that Losada's mathematical modelling is "questionable" and does not show that there are precise values of the ratio, but also arguing that the evidence for the benefits of a high positivity/negativity ratio is solid. Fredrickson noted that Losada declined to respond to the criticism.[7]
 1. ^ a b Anthony, Andrew (18 January 2014). "The British amateur who debunked the mathematics of happiness". The Guardian.
 2. ^ Fredrickson BL, Losada MF (2005). "Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing.". Am Psychol 60 (7): 678–86. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678. PMC _PHONE_. PMID _PHONE_.
 3. ^ a b Wilkinson, Will (16 August 2013). "Barbara Fredrickson's Bestselling 'Positivity' Is Trashed by a New Study". Daily Beast.
 4. ^ Fredrickson, Barbara (2009). Positivity: Top-notch research reveals the 3-to-1 ratio that will change your life. Harmony. ISBN 9780307393746.
 5. ^ a b c d Bartlett, Tom (5 August 2013). "The Magic Ratio That Wasn't". Chronicle of Higher Education.
 6. ^ a b Brown NJ, Sokal AD, Friedman HL (2013). "The complex dynamics of wishful thinking: the critical positivity ratio.". Am Psychol 68 (9): 801–13. doi:10.1037/a0032850. PMID 23855896.
 7. ^ a b Fredrickson BL (2013). "Updated thinking on positivity ratios.". Am Psychol 68 (9): 814–22. doi:10.1037/a0033584. PMID 23855895.
 8. ^ "Correction to Fredrickson and Losada (2005)". American Psychologist 68 (9): 822. 2013. doi:10.1037/a0034435.
 9. ^ Cossins, Dan (7 August 2013). "'Positivity Ratio' Debunked". The Scientist.
 10. ^ Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences, 359, _PHONE_.
 11. ^ Navas, A. (2011). Un cas d'inconscience (?). Images des Mathématiques. [1])
External links[edit]


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In the videos I identify 864 as the number of the Sun because the Sun has a diameter of 864,000 miles. But there are many other interesting things resonating with 864.
One Earth rotation lasts 86,400 seconds. 24 x 60 x 60 = 86,400.
Stonehenge to Silbury Hill in the UK
John Michell and Robin's Heath's important book The Lost Science of Measuring the Earth contains the following fact: the distance from the center of Stonehenge to the base of Silbury Hill is 864,000 feet. Both SH and Silbury were made about 5000 years ago. How was it that people apparently knew the size of the Sun in miles and used the English foot to encode this numerology on the ground? I suggest you listen to my Red Ice interview to find out how this can be explained.
Place de la Concorde in Paris France
Place de la Concorde is the largest square in Paris having an area of 86,400 square meters. The guillotine at the center was later replaced by the obelisk from the Temple of Luxor in Egypt. A Ferris Wheel shows up at the edge of the square there from time to time (shown in the satellite image below) to spook us with its all seeing Eye of Sauron and obvious Illuminati symbolism (compare with the London Eye).
One Canada Square in London UK
One Canada Square (aka the Canary Wharf Building) was originally designed to be 864 feet high but was reduced to 770 feet because the London City Airport is too close. Check out its pyramid roof. The square shaft with a pyramid on top is the form of the ancient Egyptian Benben of the Temple of the Phoenix in Heliopolis which was the precursor for later tapered obelisks.
(Above picture courtesy of MattD Creative Commons Share Alike 3.0 license)
The architect of 1 Canada Square (aka the Canary Wharf Tower) is Cesar Pelli. Here's what he had to say about it on opening day (26 Aug 91):
"According to Lao Tse, the reality of a hollow object is in the void and not in the walls that define it. He was speaking, of course, of spiritual realities. These are the realities also of the Canary Wharf Tower. The power of the void is increased and… with its supporting structure creates a portal to the sky … a door to the infinite."
Pelli seemed to be waxing poetic about the talismanic power of the structure, was he not?
Does anyone know the significance of 26 Aug 91? I'd like to know.
On the wikipedia page for this building, it says there are 108,000 deliveries made to the loading bay each year. Shyeah. 108 is the number of the Moon. The lunar radius is 1080 miles. The element silver which has always been associated with the moon has an atomic weight of 108g/mol. But I digress.
The floor area of 1 Canada is 111,000 m2 which encodes the repetitive ones that Rik Clay talked so convincingly about. One Canada is now the second tallest building in the UK because it has been eclipsed by The Shard which is currently under construction. Perhaps not surprisingly The Shard has a matching floor area of 111,000 m2 This is an illuminati / masonic / archonic trigger number if you will.
Fountain Place (designed by I.M. Pei) and the Trammel Crow building in Dallas Texas also have floor areas measuring 111,000 m2. I'll talk a lot more about Daleth, ahem, Dallas in another post.
One Canada Square was featured in the Order of the Phoenix Harry Potter movie. The clip is rather dark but there is a moment when lightning brightens everything up (shown below). The lightning seems to hit the place where the United Grand Lodge of England is located (governing body of Freemasonry in the UK). Rowling provocatively says the thestrals that the kids are riding are only visible to those who have seen death.
(Fair use screen cap of Order of the Phoenix movie)
Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco USA
The Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco is 864 feet high if you count its pyramidion and mast.
The building is quoted as being 853′ high, some 11 feet less than the magic number. There are those pesky repeating ones again. Masonic Center in San Francisco's address is 1111 California Street. The Great Pyramid is 1/11th of a mile in height and its pyramidion that Herodotus mentioned which was made of electrum (alloy of gold and silver) measured 1-1/11 feet in height according to the metrology of Richard Heath in Sacred Number. Again I digress.
Full Frame Sensors
The 35mm camera was the most popular film camera ever used. Today the size of the 35mm negative is echoed in what is called the full frame CCD or CMOS sensor which has an area of – wait for it – 864 mm2. This is the sensor against which all others are measured. Full frame sensors are only available on the most expensive pro DSLRs currently.
I have a lot to say about pythagorean triangles in my videos. In particular I have found many references to 5:12:13 triangles and 5:12 rectangles (that's 2 of the triangles put together) in Stonehenge and the whole region surrounding it, in Washington DC, Paris, and Jerusalem. Someone who listened to my first Red Ice interview contacted me with a major discovery he made in regards to the 5:12 proportion. Brace yourself…
A rectangle measuring 5 feet by 12 feet has an area of 8640 square inches. This is something I can work with. I'm never going to be able to build an 864 foot solar Osiris talisman on a geodetic hot spot, but I think I can manage making a few raised garden beds measuring exactly 5 by 12 feet. And where I live in Canada (above 50 degrees North) can really use more resonance with the Sun.
Do the Math
864 is a multiple of 108. In fact here are some additional multiples that are very interesting:
- 108 (interior angles of pentagon measure 108 degrees each)
- 216 (= 6x6x6 = 33 + 43 + 53)
- 432 (Kali Yuga = 432,000 years)
- 864 (Dwapara Yuga = 864,000 years )
- 1728 (number of the cube, = 12x12x12, also Satya Yuga of 1,728,000 years)
- 3456 (number of Egyptian royal miles in polar radius of Earth)
- 25920 (Earth's precessional period)
All of the above are referred to as precessional numbers because they are factors of 25,920 years.
Please contact me if you find any more 864s, I'd love to hear from you.
©2012 SIPS Productions Inc. – All Rights Reserved.


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Use Crayola® crayons, markers, or colored pencils to color the flag of Egypt. Color the top stripe red. Color (or leave) the middle stripe white, and color the bottom stripe black. Color the emblem goldenrod. Did you know?
Egypt is located in northern Africa. July 23 marks the anniversary of the revolution that enabled Egypt to change from a monarchy to a republic in 1952. Egypt is known for its pyramids and sphinxes. The Nile River (the world's longest river) provides much needed water to this desert country.
STATS ON THIS COLORING PAGE


Database Ransom Attacks Have Now Hit MySQL Servers
After the ransacking of MongoDB, ElasticSearch, Hadoop, and CouchDB servers, attackers are now hijacking hundreds of MySQL databases, deleting their content, and leaving a ransom note behind asking for a 0.2 Bitcoin ($235) payment.
According to breach detection firm GuardiCore, the attacks are happening via brute-force attacks on Internet-exposed MySQL servers, and there's plenty of those laying around since MySQL is one of today's most popular database systems.
All attacks came from a server in the Netherlands
Based on currently available evidence, the attacks started on February 12, and only lasted for 30 hours, during which time attackers attempted to brute-force their way into MySQL root accounts.
Investigators said all attacks came from the same IP address from the Netherlands,, belonging to a hosting company called WorldStream.
During their ransacking, attackers didn't behave in a constant pattern, making it hard to attribute the hacks to one group, despite the usage of the same IP.
For example, after gaining access to MySQL servers, attackers created a new database called PLEASE_READ and left a table inside it called WARNING that contained their ransom demands. In some cases, attackers only created the WARNING table and left it inside an already existing database, without creating a new one.
Investigators report that attackers would then dump the database's content and delete it afterward, leaving only the one holding their ransom. In some cases, attackers deleted the databases without dumping any data.
Attackers have their own website
Two ransom notes have been found in the hundreds of confirmed attacks, one asking victims to get in contact via email and confirm the payment, while the other used a completely different mode of operation, redirecting users to a Tor-hosted website.
INSERT INTO PLEASE_READ.'WARNING'(id, warning, Bitcoin_Address, Email) VALUES('1′,'Send 0.2 BTC to this address and contact this email with your ip or db_name of your server to recover your database! Your DB is Backed up to our servers!', '1ET9NHZEXXQ34qSP46vKg8mrWgT89cfZoY', '')
INSERT INTO 'WARNING'(id, warning)
VALUES(1, 'SEND 0.2 BTC TO THIS ADDRESS 1Kg9nGFdAoZWmrn1qPMZstam3CXLgcxPA9 AND GO TO THIS SITE _URL_ TO RECOVER YOUR DATABASE! SQL DUMP WILL BE AVAILABLE AFTER PAYMENT! To access this site you have use the tor browser')
At the time of writing, the Tor website is still up and running.
Tor payment sites
The two Bitcoin addresses listed in the ransom notes received four and six payments, respectively, albeit GuardiCore experts doubt that all are from victims.
"[W]e can not tell whether it was the attackers who made the transactions to make their victims feel more confident about paying," they said.
Be sure the attacker still has your data
Just like in the case of the now infamous MongoDB attacks that have hit over 41,000 servers, it's recommended that victims check logs before deciding to pay and see if the attackers actually took their data.
If companies elect to pay the ransom, should always ask the attacker for proof they still have their data.
None of this would be an issue if IT teams follow standard security practices that involve using an automated server backup system and deleting the MySQL root account or at least using a strong and hard-to-brute-force password.
This is not the first time MySQL servers have been held for ransom. The same thing happened in 2015, in a series of attacks called RansomWeb, where attackers used unpatched phpBB forums to hijack databases and hold websites up for ransom.


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James M. WayneArticle Free Pass
James M. Wayne, in full James Moore Wayne (born c. 1790, Savannah, Ga., U.S.—died July 5, 1867, Washington, D.C.), associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1835–67).
Wayne was admitted to the bar in 1810 and started to practice in Savannah. After the War of 1812 he was elected to the legislature for his opposition to an act suspending the collection of debts; he then served as mayor of Savannah and as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas. In 1822 he was named judge of the Superior Court and in 1828 was elected to the U.S. Congress, in which he served three terms. He was a strong supporter of President Andrew Jackson's administration in almost all its major measures and was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court by Jackson in 1835. Although a Southerner, he remained loyal to the Union and kept his seat during the Civil War. His most memorable opinions concerned admiralty law and questions regarding land acquired from foreign countries.
What made you want to look up "James M. Wayne"? Please share what surprised you most...


text:
MonoScan provides a non-contact ultrasonic answer for measuring the level of chemical solutions in KunMing Chemical company.
KunMing Qingshang Chemical is China's leading provider of a variety of chemical products. The company produces several types of chemical solutions such as, Ammonium Chloride (NH4CI), Niter (KNO3) and more. These solutions are stored in large vessels and need to be carefully controlled and monitored.
A number of problems may be encountered when measuring chemical solution levels:
- The environment inside the tank may be highly corrosive and therefore require vigorous measurement devices.
- The chemical solutions release gases which create a "blanket" of vapor covering the liquid solution, and impede accessibility to the solution's surface.
- The vapors can change the velocity of the sound waves passing through them, resulting in heavy interference in the measurement process.
- In the past, KunMing Chemical used contact devices that were not robust enough to withstand the corrosive environment inside the tanks. For that reason the company considered non-contact, ultrasonic devices which are robust and stable and can provide more accurate measurement results.


text:
The orientation of Dining Hall is considered with the situation that sun rays should fall on that area, because sun rays will kill all the harmful bacteria present in the stored food.
Here are some basic points one must keep in mind while designing Dining Hall.
- The most preferred direction for Dining Hall is the West corner of the house. However, if it not possible to set the Dining Hall in West then one can consider the South direction also.
- Dining hall should be set in adjacent to the Kitchen but never to the Toilet.
- The main door of the house and of the Dining Room should not face each other.
- The door of Puja Room or Toilet should not open in front of Dining Hall.
- The wash basin should be in East or Northwest side of the room.
- The shape of the dining table should be perfect square or rectangle.
- Dining table should not stick to the wall. But if it is unavoidable due to space constraints, then face it towards West of South. In no condition the dining table should stick to the Northeast corner.
- If you want to place a refrigerator in the dining room, it should be in southeast direction.
- While eating the members should face the East or North but never South.


Home | News
From bone to brain
Pictures of spreads from New Scientist magazine
AUTOPSIES on four women have proved that stem cells from bone marrow don't just turn into blood and bone - they can become brain cells too. The discovery could lead to new treatments for brain damage and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
All four women had received bone marrow transplants from men. Eva Mezey's team at the US National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke found that some of the cells in their brains carried the male Y chromosome, so could only have come from the marrow (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, DOI:10.1073/pnas._PHONE_). Mezey thinks stem cells probably circulate continuously, and are drawn into damaged organs, including the brain, by chemical signals from injured cells.
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ASQ CQI Certification Exam Syllabus
CQI dumps PDF, ASQ CQI BraindumpsTo achieve the professional designation of ASQ Certified Quality Inspector from the ASQ, candidates must clear the CQI Exam with the minimum cut-off score. For those who wish to pass the ASQ CQI certification exam with good percentage, please take a look at the following reference document detailing what should be included in ASQ Quality Inspector Exam preparation.
The ASQ CQI Exam Summary, Body of Knowledge (BOK), Sample Question Bank and Practice Exam provide the basis for the real ASQ Certified Quality Inspector (CQI) exam. We have designed these resources to help you get ready to take ASQ Certified Quality Inspector (CQI) exam. If you have made the decision to become a certified professional, we suggest you take authorized training and prepare with our online premium ASQ Quality Inspector Practice Exam to achieve the best result.
ASQ CQI Exam Summary:
Exam Name ASQ Certified Quality Inspector
Exam Code CQI
Application Fee USD $70
Exam Duration 270 Minutes
Number of Questions 110
Passing Score 550/750
Format Multiple Choice Questions
Books / Trainings Certified Quality Inspector Certification Preparation
The Certified Quality Inspector Handbook
Schedule Exam Book Your Exam
Sample Questions ASQ CQI Exam Sample Questions and Answers
Practice Exam ASQ Certified Quality Inspector (CQI) Practice Test
ASQ Quality Inspector Syllabus Topics:
A. Basic Shop Math - Solve basic shop math problems using addition, subtraction, multiplication, division of fractions and decimals, squares, and square roots. Use methods such as truncating and rounding to obtain significant digits for positive and negative numbers. (Apply)
B. Basic Algebra - Solve or simplify first-degree and single-variable equations. (Apply)
C. Basic Geometry - Calculate general parameters such as area, circumference, perimeter, and volume for basic geometric shapes. Calculate complementary and supplementary angles. (Apply)
D. Basic Trigonometry - Solve for angles and lengths using trigonometric functions such as sine, cosine, tangent, and the Pythagorean Theorem. (Apply)
E. Measurement Systems - Convert units within and between English and metric measurement systems (SI) such as inch to micro-inch, liter to quart, and meter to millimeter. (Apply)
F. Numeric Conversions - Use various numbering methods such as scientific notation, decimals, and fractions, and convert values between these systems. (Apply)
II. METROLOGY (26 Questions)
A. Common Gauges and Measurement Instruments 1. Variable gauges
- Identify and use variable gauges, including micrometers, calipers, dial indicators, and Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs). Understand linear scales, such as steel rule, and gauge blocks. Use borescopes, thermometers, and temperature probes. (Apply)
2. Attribute gauges
- Identify and use attribute gauges, including thread plugs, progressive rings, flush pins, pin gauges, and radius gauges. (Apply)
3. Transfer gauges
- Identify and use transfer gauges, including small-hole gauges, telescoping gauges, and spring calipers. (Apply)
4. Measurement scales
- Describe and distinguish between dial, digital, and vernier scales. (Remember)
B. Special Gauges and Applications - Identify and describe the following basic tools and components. (Remember)
1. Electronic gauging tools: oscilloscopes, multimeters, and pyrometers.
2. Automatic gauging components: machine vision, ultrasonic, X-ray, and laser.
3. Pneumatic gauging components: air columns, probes, and rings.
4. Force gauging: torque wrenches.
5. Environment instrumentation: hygrometers, chart recorders, and data loggers.
C. Gauge Selection, Handling, and Use 1. 10:1 rule
- Understand the 10:1 rule: inspection measurements require better than the tolerance of a dimension by a factor of 10, and calibration standards require better than the inspection measurements by a factor of 10. (Understand)
2. Gauge selection
- Select gauges according to the feature or characteristic to be measured, the applicable tolerance and the accuracy, environment, and the resolution and capability of the test instrument. Determine whether the type of measurement should be direct, differential, or transfer. (Apply)
3. Gauge handling, preservation, and storage
- Identify and apply various methods of cleaning, handling, and storing gauges. (Apply)
4. Gauge correlation
- Identify and apply methods for establishing the correlation between measurement instruments such as gauge-to-gauge or manual-to-automated process. (Apply)
D. Surface Plate Tools and Techniques 1. Surface plate equipment
- Select and use height gauges, V-blocks, and other indicators to measure various types of features. Understand the care, cleaning, calibration, and lapping of a surface plate. (Apply)
2. Angle measurement instruments
- Identify and use protractors, sine bars, and angle blocks. (Apply)
E. Specialized Inspection Equipment 1. Measuring mass
- Describe and apply weights, balances, and scales. (Apply)
2. Measuring finish
- Describe and apply profilometers, and fingernail comparators. (Apply)
3. Measuring shape and profile
- Describe and apply mechanical comparators, roundness testers, precision spindles, and profile tracers. (Apply)
4. Optical equipment
- Describe and apply optical comparators, optical flats, and microscopes. (Apply)
5. Software-based measurement systems
- Define and describe the use of digital cameras, in-line optical sensors, vision inspection systems (white light/blue light), articulating arms, laser trackers, contracers, and other digital systems for product inspection. Recognize software limitations with regard to locating functional datums, target points and areas, hole positions, and the basic operation of the x, y, and z axes. (Understand)
6. Measuring Inclination
- Define and describe the measurement of the slope or slant of various equipment (mechanical/laser). (Understand)
F. Calibration 1. Calibration systems
- Describe the principles and purpose of a calibration system, including the importance of establishing calibration intervals and uncertainty. Identify and use basic tracking and identification methods such as logs, stickers, radio frequency identification (RFID), barcodes, and other identification codes to control calibration equipment. (Apply)
2. Calibration standards and equipment traceability
- Describe the hierarchy of standards, from working standards through international standards and the documentation process of a measurement device traceable to the international standards. (Remember)
3. Gauge calibration environment
- Describe the effects that environmental conditions have on the calibration process, such as temperature, humidity, vibration and cleanliness of the gauge. (Apply)
4. Out-of-Calibration effects
G. Measurement System Analysis (MSA) - Define and describe the following elements of MSA. (Remember)
1. Bias
2. Stability
3. Precision
4. Accuracy
5. Linearity
6. Repeatability and reproducibility (R & R) studies
A. Blueprints, Drawings, Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T), and Model-Based Definitions 1. Blueprints, engineering drawings, and model-based definitions
- Define and interpret various sections of technical drawings: title blocks, tolerances, change or revision blocks, including notes, scale, and size details. (Apply)
2. Terminology and symbols
- Define and interpret drawing views and details for product specifications or other controlling documents. Define and use various terms and symbols from the ASME Y14.5M standard. (Analyze)
3. Position and bonus tolerances
- Calculate position and bonus tolerances from various drawings. (Analyze)
4. Part alignment and datum structure
- Determine part alignment and setup using the datum structure. (Analyze)
B. Sampling - Define and interpret the following terms related to sampling. (Apply)
1. Acceptance quality limit (AQL)
2. Random sampling
3. Lot and sample size
4. Acceptance number
5. Sampling plans
C. Inspection Planning and Processes 1. Inspection types
- Define and distinguish between inspection types such as incoming material, first-article (first-piece), in-process, and final. (Apply)
2. Inspection errors
- Identify potential inspection errors such as bias, fatigue, flinching, distraction, and poor time management. (Apply)
3. Product traceability
- Identify methods to trace products and materials such as age control, shelf life, first-in first-out (FIFO), barcoding, date codes, and lot and part numbering. (Apply)
4. Identification of nonconforming material
- Describe various methods of identifying nonconforming material such as tagging, labeling, and segregating. (Apply)
5. Levels of severity
Define and describe levels of severity (critical, major, and minor) and apply them to product features and defects. (Apply)
6. Disposition of nonconforming material
- Describe disposition methods including rework, reprocess, reinspect, scrap, and customer waiver, as determined by a material review board (MRB) or other authority. (Apply)
D. Testing methods - Define and use the following methods in various situations. (Apply)
1.


text:
. The Snail 1953
The final masterpiece by Matisse is as amazing as his early ones. He spend so much time making this painting. It depicts Henri's interpretation of a snail. He actually closely studies snails before making the painting. It is a nearly 3 square meter composition, and made with his gouache on paper technique. Matisse created this painting when he was no longer able to paint. Therefore, he had help of assistants to make it.


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Полные правила Magic: the Gathering
601.1 Previously, the action of casting a spell, or casting a card as a spell, was referred to on cards as "playing" that spell or that card. Cards that were printed with that text have received errata in the Oracle card reference so they now refer to "casting" that spell or that card.
601.1a Some effects still refer to "playing" a card. "Playing a card" means playing that card as a land or casting that card as a spell, whichever is appropriate.
601.2 To cast a spell is to take it from where it is (usually the hand), put it on the stack, and pay its costs, so that it will eventually resolve and have its effect. Casting a spell includes proposal of the spell (rules 601.2a–d) and determination and payment of costs (rules 601.2f–h). To cast a spell, a player follows the steps listed below, in order. A player must be legally allowed to cast the spell to begin this process (see rule 601.3), ignoring any effect that would prohibit that spell from being cast based on information determined during that spell's proposal. (Such effects are considered during the check detailed in rule 601.2e.) If, at any point during the casting of a spell, a player is unable to comply with any of the steps listed below, the casting of the spell is illegal; the game returns to the moment before the casting of that spell was proposed (see rule 720, "Handling Illegal Actions").
601.2a To propose the casting of a spell, a player first moves that card (or that copy of a card) from where it is to the stack. It becomes the topmost object on the stack. It has all the characteristics of the card (or the copy of a card) associated with it, and that player becomes its controller. The spell remains on the stack until it's countered, it resolves, or an effect moves it elsewhere.
601.2b If the spell is modal, the player announces the mode choice (see rule 700.2). If the player wishes to splice any cards onto the spell (see rule 702.46), he or she reveals those cards in his or her hand. If the spell has alternative or additional costs that will be paid as it's being cast such as buyback or kicker costs (see rules 117.8 and 117.9), the player announces his or her intentions to pay any or all of those costs (see rule 601.2f). A player can't apply two alternative methods of casting or two alternative costs to a single spell. If the spell has a variable cost that will be paid as it's being cast (such as an in its mana cost; see rule 107.3), the player announces the value of that variable. If the value of that variable is defined in the text of the spell by a choice that player would make later in the announcement or resolution of the spell, that player makes that choice at this time instead of that later time. If a cost that will be paid as the spell is being cast includes hybrid mana symbols, the player announces the nonhybrid equivalent cost he or she intends to pay. If a cost that will be paid as the spell is being cast includes Phyrexian mana symbols, the player announces whether he or she intends to pay 2 life or the corresponding colored mana cost for each of those symbols. Previously made choices (such as choosing to cast a spell with flashback from a graveyard or choosing to cast a creature with morph face down) may restrict the player's options when making these choices.
601.2c The player announces his or her choice of an appropriate player, object, or zone for each target the spell requires. A spell may require some targets only if an alternative or additional cost (such as a buyback or kicker cost), or a particular mode, was chosen for it; otherwise, the spell is cast as though it did not require those targets. If the spell has a variable number of targets, the player announces how many targets he or she will choose before he or she announces those targets. In some cases, the number of targets will be defined by the spell's text. Once the number of targets the spell has is determined, that number doesn't change, even if the information used to determine the number of targets does.The same target can't be chosen multiple times for any one instance of the word "target" on the spell. However, if the spell uses the word "target" in multiple places, the same object, player, or zone can be chosen once for each instance of the word "target" (as long as it fits the targeting criteria). If any effects say that an object or player must be chosen as a target, the player chooses targets so that he or she obeys the maximum possible number of such effects without violating any rules or effects that say that an object or player can't be chosen as a target. The chosen players, objects, and/or zones each become a target of that spell. (Any abilities that trigger when those players, objects, and/or zones become the target of a spell trigger at this point; they'll wait to be put on the stack until the spell has finished being cast.)
601.2d If the spell requires the player to divide or distribute an effect (such as damage or counters) among one or more targets, the player announces the division. Each of these targets must receive at least one of whatever is being divided.
601.2e The game checks to see if the proposed spell can legally be cast. If the proposed spell is illegal, the game returns to the moment before the casting of that spell was proposed(see rule 720, "Handling Illegal Actions").
601.2fThe player determines the total cost of the spell. Usually this is just the mana cost. Some spells have additional or alternative costs. Some effects may increase or reduce the cost to pay, or may provide other alternative costs. Costs may include paying mana, tapping permanents, sacrificing permanents, discarding cards, and so on. The total cost is the mana cost or alternative cost (as determined in rule 601.2b), plus all additional costs and cost increases, and minus all cost reductions. If multiple cost reductions apply, the player may apply them in any order. If the mana component of the total cost is reduced to nothing by cost reduction effects, it is considered to be. It can't be reduced to less than. Once the total cost is determined, any effects that directly affect the total cost are applied. Then the resulting total cost becomes "locked in." If effects would change the total cost after this time, they have no effect.
601.2g If the total cost includes a mana payment, the player then has a chance to activate mana abilities (see rule 605, "Mana Abilities"). Mana abilities must be activated before costs are paid.
601.2h The player pays the total cost in any order. Partial payments are not allowed. Unpayable costs can't be paid.
601.2i Once the steps described in 601.2a–h are completed, effects that modify the characteristics of the spell as it's cast are applied, thenthe spell becomes cast. Any abilities that trigger when a spell is cast or put onto the stack trigger at this time. If the spell's controller had priority before casting it, he or she gets priority.
601.3 A player can't begin to cast a spell unless a rule or effect allows that player to cast it. If that player is no longer allowed to cast that spell after completing its proposal, the casting of the spell is illegal and the game returns to the moment before the casting of that spell was proposed(see rule 720, "Handling Illegal Actions").
601.3a If an effect allows a player to cast a spell as though it had flash only if an alternative or additional cost is paid, that player may begin to cast that spell as though it had flash.
601.3b If an effect allows a player to cast a spell with certain characteristics as though it had flash, that player may consider any choices to be made during that spell's proposal that may cause it to have those characteristics. If any such choices could cause it to match these characteristics, that player may begin to cast that spell.
601.4 Some spells specify that one of their controller's opponents does something the controller would normally do while it's being cast, such as choose a mode or choose targets. In these cases, the opponent does so when the spell's controller normally would do so.
601.4a If there is more than one opponent who could make such a choice, the spell's controller decides which of those opponents will make the choice.
601.4b If the spell instructs its controller and another player to do something at the same time as the spell is being cast, the spell's controller goes first, then the other player. This is an exception to rule 101.4.
601.5 Casting a spell that alters costs won't affect spells and abilities that are already on the stack.
6. Spells, Abilities, and Effects
<< 600. General
6. Spells, Abilities, and Effects
602. Activating Activated Abilities >>


text:
|Short Name:||Johan Olof Wallin|
|Full Name:||Wallin, Johan Olof, _PHONE_|
Johan Olof Wallin, (15 October 1779 – 30 June 1839), was a Swedish minister, orator, poet and later Archbishop of Uppsala, Sweden. He is most remembered today for his hymns
He was born in Stora Tuna in Dalarna (now part of Borlänge Municipality, Dalarna County) as the oldest son in a large family, and went to school in Falun. His parents did not have much money, but because he was a bright student he managed to get enrolled at the University of Uppsala in 1799. Four years later he obtained his Master of Arts, and after another three years he was ordained minister.
While he was studying, he got his first poem published in Upsala tidningar (1802). The following years he wrote and translated several other poetic works, and received several awards from the Swedish Academy for his work. Among his awarded works were translatations of Horace and Virgil; and for a song about Gustav III he was awarded the high sum of 200 ducats. His poetry was, however, by some considered too rhetorical and out-dated compared to the then flourishing Romantic poets. Wallin did not take the criticism light-hearted, but adapted to the new style which was more emotional and less influenced by the Latin poets.
In 1810 he married Anna Maria Dimander. In the same year, he was elected to the Swedish Academy. In addition to this, he took upon himself to commission the creation of a new Swedish book of hymns. The project was finished in 1816. It was approved by King in 1819, and printed the same year. Of the 500 hymns, Wallin had written 128, translated 23, and involved himself in the revision of another 178. Additionally the structure or arrangement of the hymnal was mainly his creation. In 1827, he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
He held many different clerical posts throughout his life. Ultimately he was ordained Archbishop of Sweden in 1837. But before he even had moved to Uppsala (seat of the bishoprick), he died a sudden death in 1839, and was buried in Stockholm. The Swedish Biographical Dictionary of 1906 indicates that he at his death was "mourned by the entire Swedish people". The Swedish Literature in Summary (1904) writes that no Swedish orator or preacher ever had his distinctive glow as a speaker.
He was undoubtedly a talented person in literature and a most pious man. But he was weak in body, and this trait in combination with his strong work ethic may have caused stress on his health.
During the remainder of the 19th century he was highly beloved and praised by writers and intellectuals in Sweden. In some places his 100th anniversary was celebrated in 1879. A monument of him was also erected in his hometown, and a bust of him was unveiled in Falun in 1917. During the 20th century, the harsh Lutheranism associated with Wallin was being increasingly scorned in Sweden as being oppressive and guilt stricken, and this trend in combination with increased secularization has diminished his reputation; today he is remembered for merely those hymns still in use in Swedish Churches, the traditional Christmas hymn "Var hälsad, sköna morgonstund" among them.
Besides hymns, Wallin wrote several secular poems highly praised in his time. He published several sermons and speeches. Of his hymns still in use in Swedish hymnbooks today, a few have also been translated into English and published in hymnals such as the Lutheran Book of Worship. These include——besides "Var hälsad sköna morgonstund" ("All Hail to you, O blessed morn")——"Du som fromma hjärtan vårdar" ("Christians, while on Earth abiding") and "Vi lovar Dig, O Store Gud" ("We worship you, O God of might").
His style is described as melancholic but ravishing, often dealing with death, with frequent references and quotes from the Bible. His grand work was the long poem Angel of Death, finished only about year before his death. Compared to Swedish poets contemporary with Wallin, some consider him second only to Esaias Tegnér.


Diamond Pushup
The diamond pushup is an advanced progression of the standard pushup which increases the demands on the triceps and shoulders.
 1. 3_A
 Get into the standard pushup position with your hands together directly beneath your chest so that index fingers and thumbs are touching to form a triangle or "diamond" shape.
 2. Diamond Pushup
 Keeping your core tight, slowly lower your body to the ground. Make sure to keep your elbows tucked in close by your sides so they make a 45-degree angle with your torso. Without altering your hand placement, pause and push yourself back to the starting position.
Trainer's Tips
 - Do not place your hands too far in front of you. Your chest should touch the triangle at the bottom of the pushup.


text:
Consent is not a condition of any purchase. English Tagalog Bisaya basics words for everyday use. 1. Last Update: 2021-12-15. A collection of his poems.
Numbers Grammar Rules. The Waraynon group of languages consists of Waray, Waray Sorsogon and Masbate Sorsogon. P 5.00, in English, it says five pesos, but in Cebuano, it says singko pesos ).
94. Teacher Yesha: Tongue Twister: Luke Luck and His Duck. Sight word IV. teacher. Moreover, the 2. (Also Known as Binisaya, Bisaya, and Sinugbuanong Binisaya) Characteristics of Select Philippine Mother Tongue Languages Used in Basic Education Teaching and Learning 3 hulam borrow. The five primary branches are South, Cebuan, Central, Banton, and West. Panganiban hid his identity behind his penname JORMAPA. B. ENGLISH-CEBUANO GRAMMATICAL GLOSSARY. Download the all new DepEd COT Detailed Lesson Plan [DLP] Grade 1-6 All Subjects, It is Free and always will be. The Bisaya article like the English, does not distinguish the gender, but there are two ways of distinguishing the masculine and feminine in this dialect: 1. Introduction One of the salient features of the K+12 Enhanced Basic Education Program in the Philippines is building fluency in the mother tongue. ABAKADA: Tagalog Alphabet. By the way, by no means are English, Tagalog and Bisaya the only languages of the Philippines. Show less. Ask an English-speaking seven-year-old to add thirty-seven plus twenty-two in her head, and she has to change the words to numbers. reading skills in the mother tongue to be limited. Children begin schooling they have begun gaining their confidence in their ability to communicate meaningful in their own vernacular language. 38 Must-Know Bisaya Words and Phrases for Local Travel. According to Malone (2007), more children will gain confidence in their ability to pulingalan nga pangtawo. Spanish missionaries started to write the language during the early 18th century, and as a result, Cebuano contains many words of Spanish origin. Audio Bible stories and lessons. AID-OAA-TO-16-00017 Number: REQ-ASIA-16-00017. universities. Posted at 14:30h in Other Resources, Printables, Worksheets by Huni-huni 1 Comment.
he has three apples. Nag dagan sa dagat. In Cebu, Bisaya is pronounced in a very distinct manner. phd isi printed article.pdf. It is also the persons dominant language and his or her home language. dit Please help me translate the numbers 1 to 10 from Filipino to another dialect (for example Bisaya, Ilonggo, Bikol, or any of the languages used in the Mother Tongue-based Multilingual Education of the Department of Education). This paper uses Bisaya, although, other names for this language variety exist like Binisaya, Bisaja, Binisaja, and Kana. K 3 4 6 7 10 At the end of Grade 3, the learner demonstrates understanding and appreciation of key concepts and skills involving numbers and number sense (whole numbers up to 10,000 and the four. When using numbers with currency, Spanish notation commonly is used (e.g. The respondents The teacher will provide writing materials (colored paper, colored pen, or any materials that could motivate Nokoy unsa (Cebuano/Bisaya) - Uno (Sinurigawnon) - Ano (Filipino) - What (English) Nokoy man suda now? Cebuano cardinal numbers refer to the counting numbers, because they show quantity. 2. By Atty. Shows the importance of a mother especially in the home. Cebuano is also the mother tongue of numerous Filipina beauty queens. Task Order Contracting Officers Representative: Mitch Kirby. SAMPAGUITA Y POESIAS VARIAS (Sampaguitas and Varied Poems). For example: I speak two languages.Ordinal numbers on the other hand tell the order of things and their rank: my first language is Cebuano.The examples below use numbers in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence. English 4 First End - Test Questionnaires; Preview text. one with the addition of the mother tongue as medium of instruction aside from Filipino and English. Yes, especially now that the Department of Education has the MTB-MLE (Mother-tongue-based Multilingual Education). Cusstionary.com - The Internets cussing dictionary. Vigan City. 2. Isulat ang tubag sa blangko. If there are no Proto-Bisayan equivalent or a common word among Visayan languages for a particular word or concept, then I will be using PGCP, Proto-Philippine, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, and Proto-Austronesian words and alter them according to the sound changes that occured between them and Visayan languages (e.g the Modern Standard Bisaya word for snow is JOSE MA.
In reading fluency, many children still cannot read a single oneor twosyllable word correctly Comprehension skills were also weak and DepEds solution was to implement the so-called mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) system. [preposition + noun] naa ko'y gatas ug kape. I was able to adopt this language because they are the ones I get involved with every day of my life. Nothing beats speaking our mother tongue on a daily basis even though learning foreign languages sharpen our mind more. I have milk and coffee. 3.a Rem. Communicate easily by using the free English to Amharic online translator to instantly translate English words, messages, news, articles, phrases or documents to Amharic. Cesar P. Kilaton. 10-25% of the surveyed learners could not identify a single letter sound correctly.
101. Name:Paman,Ram Ryzel R. Course:BEED 1 Schedule:7:30AM-9:00AM(M-W) CONTENT AND PEDAGOGY FOR THE He was a member of a number of movements for the country. 2nd semester activity number 2 ethics; Lec1 - Cost volume profit analysis; Bernie Madoff case study; Other related documents. C. Their math education. Southern Leyte Bisaya is the native tongue or the local language of 421,750 people in Southern Leyte (2015 PSA Census). mother tongue bisaya. tongue: n. (body) 1. clapper, glossa, lingua, tongue: a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity. silingan neighbor. And I grow up and understand my surroundings, MLE in Grade 1-3 the specific objectives are the following: 1. The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines.They are most closely related to Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages.Most Bisayan languages are spoken in the whole Visayas section of the country, but they are also spoken in the southern part of the Bicol Classify the lesson plan content on MTB-MLE presented in Aralin. : Speakers of Venetian Italian make up the third most spoken mother tongue, after Portuguese and assorted German dialects. It is the second language of 25,100,000 speakers. So, in conclusion, it has many royal connections! But since Im a true blue Cebuana, Im going to share to you how to is understand, and as much as possible, speak our language. The share of Hindi language speakers is highest in Uttar Pradesh and lowest in Kerala. For numbers above 10, Spanish is more commonly used, though it spell phonetically. Is Cebuano and Bisaya the same? 3. Our accent is strong and intense. The Bisaya gets an upper hand. 01.Personal Pronouns - Online Dictionary for Kids. she only has one apple. ngano why. Please visit their repository for additional resources not only for Sinugbuanong Binisaya but also for other subjects. [number + singular noun] naa ra mga halimbawa ng wikang ina sa hiligaynon. Tagalog To Bisaya Tutorial Translation - The Accounting Cover Letter. mother tongue bisaya teacher. 1. Quality: Reference: Anonymous. The Bisaya people, tired of being misrepresented and stereotyped by their fellow Filipinos, now has a Duterte whos building up the confidence of the Bisaya people by using his mother tongue. Cebuano alphabet (Alpabetong Bisaya) The letters c, f, j, q, v, x and z are also used, but only in foreign loanwords. GRN Language Number: 409 Language Scope: ISO Language Language State: Verified Sample of Bisaya, Sabah. BASIC TAGALOG. Translating words, sentences, and paragraphs into Bisaya is not a difficult task anymore. mother tongue.
This study investigated the performance of 150 Tagalog and 131 Sinugbuanong Bisaya grade three pupils with regard to solving mathematical word problems written in their mother-tongue (L1) and in English as their second language (L2). Eden A. Bueno. Hugpulong - sight word


Hänsel und Gretel
Read the synopsis for Humperdinck's Hänsel und Gretel
Act I
The broom-maker's house
Hänsel and Gretel are doing chores. Both are bored and hungry, and to cheer themselves up they start to dance. Their games are interrupted by their Mother, who is angry to find them playing instead of working. In her anger she knocks over the milk jug, losing what was to have been supper. She sends them into the forest to gather strawberries instead. Wearied by their precarious existence, she sinks into a chair, only to be woken by the return of her husband. She is irritated to find him tipsy, but calms down when he produces a sack full of food. When he enquires after Hänsel and Gretel, he is alarmed to hear they are in the forest: he warns of the Witch who lives there, and both parents set out to look for the children.
Act II
The wood
Hansel and Gretel happily gather and eat strawberries. When night falls they realize they are lost, and are frightened by the mysterious shapes in the mist. But a Sandman appears and settles them. They say their evening prayers, and go to sleep. The mist around them turns to clouds from which angels appear, who guard the children from harm.
The Witch's house
At dawn the Dew Fairy comes to wake Hänsel and Gretel. They are excited to see a house not far away, but when they begin to nibble at it, the Witch emerges and captures them, casting a spell. She puts Hänsel in a cage, telling Gretel that her brother needs fattening. She releases Gretel with a spell, in order that the girl may help her with the oven. But Gretel uses the spell to free Hänsel, and as the Witch demonstrates to Gretel how to check the oven, the children push her into it. As the Witch dies, the fence of people is transformed back into motionless children. Hänsel invokes the formula for breaking the spell, and the children jump up and thank Hänsel and Gretel for saving them. The Mother and Father appear, and the family is reunited.
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I noticed that with the new messages' feature, chat messages seem to be archived (or at least those chat messages sent after activating the new platform). How does one tell the difference between one that was sent via chat window (at the bottom) versus the message inbox.
My current way to sort is by emoticons since friends tend to make emoticons more frequently than a message sent from the Inbox.
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It kind of works like in Google Wave. If you're both online then if your friend sends you a message, you get a chat conversation and it is archived in your inbox. Regardless of where the message was composed, if both of you are online on chat then the recipient would receive it in the chatbox and the inbox. If one of you is offline, then it would go straight to the inbox.
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Origins Of Eating Disorders Found In Gut Microbe
The incidence of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa is somewhere between 5 to 10% of the population but there is very little understanding of the mechanism that is the source of the disease. Given that mood disorders such as depression and schizophrenia have biochemical roots, speculation is that eating disorders can be traced to a similar cause.
Now researchers at the French Institute of Health and Medical Research and the University of Rouen in France have found strong evidence that a protein made by intestinal bacteria are a causative agent for the disorders. Specifically, antibodies made by the host against this protein cross-react with a mammalian satiety hormone. The severity of symptoms in ED patients was also found to correlate with levels of the neutralizing antibodies. The researchers believe that this understanding will ultimately lead to a chemical therapeutic strategies to correct eating disorders.
The scientists focused on a known mammalian modulator of feeding behavior, the protein α-MSH, known variously as alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone and alpha-melanotropin among other names. α-MSH has been implicated in EDs. Using a molecular "fishing" tool, they pulled from the common mammalian gut microbiome inhabitant E. coli K12 a "mimetic", a protein that is very similar to human α-MSH, called ClpB.
Next, the researchers checked how a host responds to dosages of ClpB. Mice which were dosed with ClpB indeed lost weight briefly but a month later increased their weight by 5%. These mice remarkably also became immune to α-MSH, which usually induces anorexic-like effects. In summary, these results show that ClpB provokes a feeding or energy usage reaction in the host that at early times looks like weight loss but at later times weight gain.
To understand the link between bacterial ClpB and host α-MSH, the researchers verified that administering ClpB in the mice provoked an immune reaction not only to ClpB itself, but to the similar protein α-MSH. This means that host produces antibodies to the bacteria that inadvertently hit its own α-MSH, a regulator of feeding, energy regulation and anxiety.


[Scheme-reports] formal comment: Using "scheme" for standard library is problematic
Appendix A defines various libraries - for example (scheme file).
What happens if a future scheme standard wants to add new
procedures (or macros) to this list?
For example one might want to add a move-file function.
This would logically belong in the (scheme file) library.
However, adding new procedures to a library may cause old
code to break. So R8RS can create (scheme file-extended)
or (r8rs file) or something. This is ugly and complicates
instructional materials. (What should a Scheme tutorial use?)
My suggestion is to rename all of the (scheme XXX) libraries
to (r7rs XXX), but to add aliases for (scheme XXX). The latter
is defined as an alias for (SPEC XXX) where SPEC is r7rs or
whether is the most recent Scheme specification supported by
an implementation.
Thus a program can use either:
 (import (scheme file))
 (import (r7rs file))
Programs that want to be careful with names and don't
want to risk clashes with future standards can use
the (r7rs file) form, while others can use the
(scheme file) form. The latter makes sense for Scheme
tutorials. It also makes sense for more casual programmers
who occasionally change the code and prefer not change
import statements and don't mind fixing an occasional name
Alternatively, rename all the (scheme XXX) libraries to
(r7rs XXX) libraries. Just add (scheme all) as an alias
for all the names defined in the "current" specification.
I suspect most programmers would prefer this convenience,
rather than having to list (r7rs base) (r7rs write)
(r7rs char) and so on.
 --Per Bothner
per@x _URL_
Scheme-reports mailing list


text:
Photographs, Colonial Legacy and Museums in Contemporary European Culture
This project studied the role photographic legacy of colonialism has played in helping determine the multicultural identities of modern Europe. Researchers from the Netherlands, Norway and the United Kingdom explored this through photographic records in museums.
Europe's current multicultural societies have roots in their colonial history, and this project analysed some of these connections. It raised questions about the way experiences from the colonial past have been translated into the postcolonial present and in turn shaped the photographic archive and engagements with it. A key question was in what ways changing conceptual approaches to collections have been determined by social developments in European communities and their relations with their former colonies that have since become independent nations.
PhotoCLEC adopted an ethnographic methodology using museums as 'field sites'. The researchers conducted interviews and explored the collections of photographs. This methodology was applied across all aspects of PhotoCLEC because the different sources of photographs, including exhibitions, displays and collections, were all aspects of the same processes and collection, description, management, policy decisions, political pressures, epistemological assumptions and engagement. This meant that the research provided comparable data about patterns of visibility, the forms of articulation of colonial pasts and the institutional policies that shape these discussions.


text:
Born at Granada in Spain, probably 1514; died 1594. He went to Mexico, where he joined the Augustinians in 1554. He was several times prior of the convents of his order at Mexico and Pueblo, and twice definidor. He died at the age of eighty. He was also rector of the college of San Pablo. Fray Juan belongs to the class of religious so numerous and so little known, or at least considered, who in the sixteenth century devoted themselves with special attention to the literary and religious education of the Indians. He published in Mexico three books, which are of at least linguistic value today, and were originally useful for the instruction of the aborigines of Nahuatl stock. The earliest, that of the year 1575, is a "Doctrina Christiana" in Mexican (Nahuatl) and Spanish. In the same year he published "Sermones para publicar, despedir la Bulla de la Sancta Crusada," in Mexican and Spanish. He was then sub-prior of the convent of St. Augustine in Mexico. Finally, in 1577, there appeared his "Sermonario en Lengua Mexicana...con un Catecismo en lengua Mexicana y Espanyola, con el Calendario." Very few copies of these works are known to exist.
DE GRIJALVA, Cronica de la Orden de San Augustin, en las provincias de la Nueva Espanya (Mexico, 1624); LEON Y PINELO, Epitome de la Biblioteca oriental y occidental (edition of 1738; first edition, 1628); NICOLAS ANTONIO, Biblioteca Hispana Nova (1670 and 1783); BERISTAIN DE SOUZA, Biblioteca hispano-americana setentrional (Mexico, 1816); YCAZ-BALCETA, Bibliografia mexicana del Siglo XVI (Mexico, 1886).
APA citation. (1907). Fray Juan de la Anunciación. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. _URL_
MLA citation. "Fray Juan de la Anunciación." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. .
Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by John Fobian. In memory of Helen L. Johnson.
Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. March 1, 1907. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.
Contact information. The editor of New Advent is Kevin Knight. My email address is feedback732 at newadvent.org. (To help fight spam, this address might change occasionally.) Regrettably, I can't reply to every letter, but I greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.


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Using the Accessibility Class
Visual Studio 6.0
As with any other class module, you'll need to create a new instance of the Accessibility class before you can use its properties. To do so, you create a variable that will refer to the new instance and work with that variable directly, like this:
Dim oAccess As Accessibility
' and then, later in your code:
Set oAccess = New Accessibility
' or just use:
' Dim oAccess As New Accessibility
' if you don't care when the object gets created.
Once you've created the object, use it as you would any other object, setting and retrieving its properties. For example, the following fragment enables the StickyKeys functionality, enables the hot key, and turns on the sound effect when users use the feature:
Dim oAccess As New Accessibility
With oAccess
 'No point working with this feature if it's not
 'available on this computer.
 If.skAvailable Then
 .skActive = True
 .skHotKeyActive = True
 .skAudibleFeedback = True
 End If
End With
Some of the Accessibility class properties are interrelated, so read the descriptions carefully. For example, you cannot set both the fkBounceMSec and fkDelayMSec properties to nonzero values. If you try to set them both, Windows disregards your changes.
If you receive error 91, "Object variable or With block variable not set," it's almost guaranteed that you've declared an object variable but haven't instantiated it yet. You must use the New keyword to create an object; otherwise, you're just creating a variable that can refer to the object. Make sure you either use New when you declare the object or use the Set keyword to point the variable you created to a new instance of the object. (See Chapter 5 for more information on creating and using object variables.)
© 1997 by SYBEX Inc. All rights reserved.
© 2014 Microsoft


text:
Students will learn the importance of sleep for humans by reading and discussing the children's book "I See the Animals Sleeping: A Bedtime Story." The class will share predictions about what the story will be about. After the reading, a guided discussion will help students make the connection between animal sleep patterns and why sleep is a necessity for humans.
The book "The Animals Sleep: A Bedtime Book of Biomes" is used as an introduction to biomes and their plant and animal inhabitants. After reading the book out loud to the class, the teacher will lead a discussion about biomes, followed by an activity session.


Virtual Student SOL Testing Options
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As you may know, SOL tests for the 2020-2021 school year are still being required by the state and federal departments of education with the focus of gathering data to address student achievement. SOL testing provides the data we need to target resources and build supports for students. They also provide achievement information for parents/guardians.
Please fill out the linked form to indicate your student's testing choice. Form