text:
The Department of Biological Sciences Greenhouse Facility is located in the Virginia Tech University Greenhouse Complex on Washington Street, beside the Virginia Tech Horticulture Gardens.
The Department of Biological Sciences Greenhouse Facility supports the educational and research needs of the department. The Teaching Plant Collection is extensively used for teaching our undergraduate courses. The facility supports faculty and student research projects. In addition to meeting essential teaching and research needs, the facility provides tours for visitors and local schools. Also, other departments in the university use our plant collection for classes. For example, the Art Department uses the greenhouses for basic art and painting classes.
Undergraduate Courses Taught Using the Virginia Tech Greenhouses
BIOL 1015, 1016: General Biology Lab
BIOL 1115, 1116: Principles of Biology Lab
BIOL 1125, 1126: Biological Principles Lab
BIOL 2204: Plants and Civilization: The uses of plants as sources of food, medicine, drugs, spices, beverages, poisons, fiber, oils, and plant exudates.
BIOL 2304: Plant Biology: Introductory botany. Form, growth, function, reproduction, and ecological adaptations of major groups of plants.
BIOL 3204: Plant Taxonomy: Systematic survey of vascular plants, emphasizing identification, terminology, classification, evolutionary relationships.
Wage Position at the Greenhouses and VBI Plant Growth Facility
Maintain greenhouse facilities on weekends, Saturday and Sunday, holidays, staff vacation and sick leave days.
Properly water teaching collection and research projects.
Check the greenhouse's environmental equipment to maintain proper temperatures and functions.
Must be very independent, responsible, reliable, and have some knowledge in caring for plants.
Hours/week: 3-4 hours per day on weekends, plus 3-4 hours on staff vacation and sick leave days.
Contact: Debbie Wiley (_PHONE_) or _EMAIL_.
This species has the largest unbranched inflorescence of any herbaceous plant in the world. Commonly known as the "Corpse Plant", A. titanum has an intensely powerful stench that is released when it blooms. The bloom will last only 2-3 days. After the bloom dies, a leaf stalk will begin to emerge that resembles a tree sapling.
For more information on the corpse flower, including photos, visit this link.
The Virginia Tech Biological Sciences Greenhouse Teaching Plant Collection provides educational opportunities and experiences through the availability of high quality plant specimens. The Teaching Plant Collection features over 300 species, hosting a variety of interesting and important genera, including aquatic, desert, tropical, local, rare and endangered species. Our teaching plant collection has been specifically acquired and maintained to meet the needs of the undergraduate courses.
Whereas the Department of Biological Sciences and the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute have limited access to plant growth facilities, a new facility was designed, funded, and constructed. The mission of the facility is to provide "state of the art" plant growth space to support and promote scholarship in plant systems by scientists at Virginia Tech. We strive to fully integrate this facility in the learning, discovery, and engagement activities of the department of Biological Sciences, the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute and other plant related departments and institutes at Virginia Tech.
Hours of Operation
8:00 am to 4:00 pm
Monday - Friday
From Rt. 460: Enter VT Campus at Southgate Road. Take first left onto Duckpond Drive. Take first right onto Washington Street. Turn right at the Horticulture Gardens. The greenhouse facilities are right next door, in Greenhouse _TAG_. Be sure to get a visitor's parking pass from the Southgate Information Center.


text:
The azimuth property is used only in Aural Stylesheets.
The aural rendering of a document combines sounds and voices to go through the content of a document. Aural presentation occurs often by converting the document to plain text and then feeding this to a screen reader.
Situations and markets for listening to information could be:
Azimuth and elevation are important properties for aural presentation. These properties are used to keep several voices apart. In real life, all the people do not stand in the same spot in a room.
The azimuth property specifies what side the sound should come from.
|angle||A fixed value within the range -360deg to 360deg.
|left-side||270deg and behind 270deg|
|far-left||300deg and behind 240deg|
|left||320deg and behind 220deg|
|center-left||340deg and behind 200deg|
|center||Default. 0deg and behind 180deg|
|center-right||20deg and behind 160deg|
|right||40deg and behind 140deg|
|far-right||60deg and behind 120deg|
|right-side||90deg and behind 90deg|
|leftwards||The sound moves to the left|
|rightwards||The sound moves to the right|
Your message has been sent to W3Schools.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
|| Checking for direct PDF access through Ovid
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) was developed recently to unify international efforts in the management of the disease. The most important GOLD objective is raising awareness that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an increasing health problem. The first step in the GOLD program was to prepare a consensus report, named "Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD," based on best-validated evidence and current pathogenetic and clinical knowledge. It encourages implementation of effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management of the disease in all countries, and emphasizes the importance of renewed research initiatives.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Kyrgyz Republic names high altitude lake
The Kyrgyz Republic, which joined the Convention in 2003, has designated its third Wetland of International Importance for the Ramsar List. Son-Kol Lake (36,869 hectares, 41°50'N 75°07'E), part of the Karatal-Japyryk State Nature Reserve, at 3,000+ meters asl, is the largest high altitude freshwater lake in central Kyrgyzstan, valuable both as a stopover point for a high diversity of migratory birds, such as the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra), as well as supporting breeding populations of gulls (e.g., Larus spp), terns (e.g., Sterna hirundo), geese (e.g., Anser indicus), and grebes (e.g. Podiceps nigricollis). The site also offers refuge for threatened species like the critically endangered Great Bustard (Otis tarda) and the vulnerable Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug). The lake is important for maintaining the livelihood of pastoralists and is also a popular camping site for tourists. Historically, the lake was used as a meeting place for many tribes, and it is archaeologically significant for its burial mounds, stone monuments and stone hearths. Local people consider the lake and its basin as sacred and often visit this area to pray.
Prior to 1957 the lake was fishless but, since then, introduced fish (e.g., Coregonus peled) have provided alternative sources of food. Such introductions have altered the zooplankton composition in the lake, however, which in turn has affected the number of bird species occurring in the area. The site is jointly managed by the Karatal-Japyryk State Nature Reserve and the State oblast administration.


text:
Assemble the Units
1. Layer a print B piece atop a solid black A piece with center marks aligned. Pin the pieces together at the center (see Diagram 1), then at each end.
2. Using slender pins and picking up only a few threads at each position, pin generously in between (see Diagram 2).
3. Sew together the pieces, removing each pin just before your needle reaches it, to make a block unit (see Diagram
3). Press the seam allowance gently toward the print B piece. The pieced unit should measure 4" square, including the seam allowances.
4. Repeat to make a total of 72 block units with assorted print B pieces and solid black A pieces.
5. Repeat step 1 through 3 to make an additional 72 block units using solid black B pieces and assorted print A pieces (see Diagram 4).
Continued on Page 4: Assemble the Quilt Center
More to check out:


text:
The upcoming 2010 Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver, Canada neglect to monitor
ongoing environmental impact:
VANOC will violate International Olympic Committee mandate for
ecological sustainability according to
the international ecological monitoring group Guard Fox Watch (GFW).
San Francisco, California USA
September 17, 2007
The Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC) must immediately begin
implementing a plan to record baseline measurements at Olympic sites in order to
gauge the effectiveness of its promised "Sustainability Commitment,"
according to Guard Fox Watch, an international environmental watchdog group.
2010 Winter Olympics organizers are neglecting to develop a system to
measure changes in pollution, energy, and sewage levels, plant and animal
species, soil and water quality, and natural habitats.
Environmental monitoring must continue on a regular basis prior to the
Games, while the Games are in progress, and after events have concluded.
"Without baseline measurements and an ongoing monitoring operation,
VANOC will not be able to modify or correct its efforts before, during or
following the Winter Games," stated Peter Berg of Guard Fox Watch, an NGO
association of groups and individuals working to mitigate environmental impacts
of outdoor sports.
All outdoor sports venues, media and Olympic villages, cables and lift
facilities, roads and transportation, water and waste facilities, energy
facilities, and other support systems need to be included to make these
measurements comprehensive and meaningful.
The impact of Winter Olympics spectators also must be accurately gauged
in order to assess whether the Games fulfill the International Olympics
Committee's mandate for an ecologically sustainable Olympics.
"Ironically, VANOC could actually contribute to global warming at a
time when the snow and ice that the Games depend upon is disappearing," says
The Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics should not add to further
environmental destruction. Rather, in keeping with the IOC mandate, the Winter
Games should reduce Greenhouse Gases and protect the fragile ecosystems that
exist in mountainous places.
In addition, the Games should leave behind significant ecological means
for achieving local self-reliance and sustainability. Development and use of
solar energy, non-fossil fuel transportation, recycling geared to local
remanufacturing, water catchment and re-use, habitat protection, and regional
organic food sources are some of the means that can be employed, according to
Guard Fox Watch.
But VANOC's Sustainability Report, issued earlier this year, lists no
provisions for monitoring ongoing environmental impacts of the Games, and this
winter is an urgent starting date to observe changes.
Unless VANOC immediately schedules monitoring of natural conditions at
all 2010 Olympics sites, it fails to meet IOC requirements that the Games are
VANOC's Sustainability Report also reveals present lack of VANOC
oversight responsibility at more than half of the venues involved in the Winter
"This is a recipe for disastrous environmental damage of the kind that has
been demonstrated at preceding Winter Games, and hardly worthy of Vancouver's
ranking as one of the world's greenest cities," says Berg.
*Guard Fox Watch has visited, monitored, assessed, made recommendations
about, and reported on the 1998 Nagano, 2002 Salt Lake City, and 2006 Torino
Olympic Winter Games.
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT:
San Francisco CA 94131, USA
For coverage of Guard Fox Watch's press conference in Vancouver check out _URL_
or do a Google search with these terms: vanoc "guard fox watch".


text:
Trajectory Optimization in Convex Underapproximations of Safe Regions
Jerry Ding and Claire Tomlin
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
This project is concerned with a computationally efficient method for optimizing an aircraft trajectory in a two-aircraft conflict scenario, under a noncooperative setting. It is assumed that the future trajectory of the uncontrolled aircraft is unknown, but that deterministic input bounds are given. The only sensor information available is assumed to be readings of the position of the uncontrolled aircraft at regularly sampled discrete time instants. Safety is ensured through the computation of unsafe reachable sets in a game theoretic framework. The reachable sets are then employed as constraints in a convex trajectory optimization program at each time step. We prove the safety property of the optimization program, and address the errors introduced by model linearization through a robustness analysis. Simulation results demonstrate that the trajectories generated by the proposed algorithm provide a tight bound on the feasible trajectories in the presence of uncertainties.


text:
There's a famous phenomenon in copyright known as the orphan works problem. It refers to the situation in which the copyright owner of a given work cannot be found. This effectively prevents others from using such a work as part of a new project. For example, if you want to make a movie based on a novel, you must first get permission from the novel's copyright holder. But if the novel is an orphan work, then you can't even find the copyright holder. Technically speaking, you could proceed without permission — but you would do so at your own risk. The copyright owner could emerge at any time and demand penalties. You might end up having to pay damages; worse, you might have to abandon or censor your derivative work, no matter how much effort you'd put into it.
Related to the problem of orphan works is another problem, much more serious, yet much less discussed. I call it the ghost works problem. Ghost works are all the works that never get made in the first place, or are made but not released, because copyright concerns prevent them either from being started or from being distributed. Every project that dares not base itself on an orphan work becomes a ghost work, but there are many more ghost works beyond that. Indeed, it would be fair to say that today most works are ghost works. That is, most works either don't exist or are not accessible, because copyright obstructs them. Whenever you walk into a bookstore, survey the shelves around you and imagine them to be 90% empty, for in a sense they are.
That might sound surprising. After all, the shelves look full, don't they? To see why they are not, let's start with an inverse example: a classic work that (fortunately) isn't a ghost work, but easily could have been, had its authors lived under the modern copyright regime.
In April 2007, the singer Max Ziff and I gave a concert at the Berkeley Piano Club, in Berkeley, California. We performed one of the great works of nineteenth-century German song: Die Schöne Müllerin, Franz Schubert's musical setting of twenty poems by Wilhelm Müller. Müller and Schubert were not a team, though. In fact, when Müller wrote the poems, around 1820, it was with the intention that an entirely different composer, Ludwig Berger, would set them to music, which Berger did. Müller and Schubert never met, and Müller apparently never even knew that Schubert too had set his poems to music.
Not that Schubert was trying to hide anything from Müller. It was simply that, at the time, there was no cultural expectation that one must ask permission before making a derivative work from someone else's original work. Müller's poems, having been published, were now considered part of the common culture, and if composers wanted to write songs based on them, they were free to do so. To our eternal benefit, Franz Schubert had this freedom: Die Schöne Müllerin is a truly inspired piece of music, one that has influenced generations of singers and composers.
Our concert thus depended on the public domain in two ways. One way is obvious: Die Schöne Müllerin is, legally, in the public domain today, so we are free to perform it without arranging royalty payments to anyone. But there is a deeper dependency, too: this music would not exist in the first place had there not been a healthy public domain at the time the poems were written.
Imagine if Müller and Schubert had lived in the present day, instead of the early nineteenth century. Müller writes his poems, intending for Ludwig Berger to set them to music; Berger does so. Then a mostly unknown composer, Franz Schubert, appears out of the blue, wishing to set them to his own music and asking Müller's permission. But Müller can't give permission — he doesn't own the copyright anymore, his publisher does, and the publisher, not wishing to encourage competition with the Berger settings, is inclined to refuse. Perhaps Schubert could pay for the privilege? But no, he doesn't have those kinds of resources. Or perhaps he'd like to negotiate a royalty-sharing arrangement? But Schubert has no lawyer, and no head for haggling over contracts. He's a composer, not a negotiator. Well then, he is free to set the songs for his private enjoyment (that's "fair use") but he certainly may not distribute them!
In all likelihood, things wouldn't even get that far, of course. Instead, Schubert would know in advance that he cannot always follow where his inspiration leads, when where it leads him is into someone else's copyrighted territory. Instead, he would just accept that the work of most of his contemporaries is out-of-bounds for someone like him, an unknown with no resources. And so we would not have Die Schöne Müllerin... nor Die Winterreise (another of his song cycles), nor many of his individual songs, which often set the work of living poets.
And that's just one composer.
This exercise in imagination highlights one of the most insidious aspects of the ghost works problem: that it cannot be easily measured, no matter how great its magnitude. We can point to an existing album, a movie, or a book and say "There! There is that thing, that physical object, whose existence is beyond doubt." But how can we point to something that is not there? How can we know what we do not have? We can only measure the loss indirectly; nevertheless, there is compelling anecdotal evidence that it is large.
Some of this evidence comes from the world of free and open source software, where it is traditional not only that the software itself be released under open copyright licenses, but that the software's documentation be similarly licensed. This means, among other things, that derivative works such as translations can be made by anyone. In theory, this could be done without permission or cooperation from the original authors, but in practice translations are almost always authorized and approved, because cooperation is easier than territorialism.
The result of this freedom is that the documentation for virtually all major open source programs, and many minor ones, has been translated into several languages, usually enough languages to cover the vast majority of the software's user base. Furthermore, the translations are usually kept up-to-date as the software and its documentation evolve.
This phenomenon is not limited to technical documentation. In late 2005, I published a book entitled Producing Open Source Software: How to Run a Successful Free Software Project. The publisher, O'Reilly Media, although marketing the book through traditional trade and bookstore channels, agreed to release it under a permissive (open source) copyright. Accordingly, I put the book's full text online at producingoss.com — and pretty soon people showed up to translate it! I did nothing to seek out translators, except release the book under a liberal license; only after the first translators showed up did I put a notice on the front page soliciting more. Now we've got a German translation under very active development (with two separate translators who only met through cooperating on this project), a Hebrew one happening somewhat more slowly, and some recent arrivals looking at doing a Chinese version.
This is happening with a book that has, let's face it, a fairly limited audience. Not only that, it's the second time this has happened to a book I've published (see cvsbook.red-bean.com). Once could be coincidence; twice is starting to look like a pattern. And I'm only using my own books as examples because they're the first thing that came to mind. There are hundreds of open source projects that could tell a similar tale about their documentation. The lesson to draw here is that, were it not for copyright restrictions, most books in the world would be translated into several languages. After all, the better the book, the more some multilingual reader will be motivated to translate it. The translation doesn't have to be perfect, because there will also be people who show up to edit it. These projects tend to self-organize in exactly the same way that open source software projects do.
But under the current copyright regime, if you want to release a translation of a book that was published under traditional restrictions, you don't just sit down and start translating. Instead, you start by negotiating the right to translate — a process which is completely unrelated to actually translating, and is also daunting, time-consuming, and likely to fail. It's hard to imagine a more potent gumption sink than "rights negotiation". The mere prospect is enough to shut down most translation projects — which is why I look at those bookstore shelves and see them as mostly empty.
For those who leave rights negotiation for later, the penalties can be severe indeed. Recently, I opened the April 2nd, 2007 issue of the New Yorker to see the following notice from David Denby in the "Critic's Notebook" section:
In 1977, Charles Burnett, a U.C.L.A. film student, made his thesis film, "Killer of Sheep," a fictional portrait of life in the Watts section of Los Angeles, for less than ten thousand dollars. The film has attained legendary status, but it has never been released theatrically before, because of music-rights issues. Burnett used many kinds of African-American music on the soundtrack, and the movie itself has the bedraggled eloquence of an old blues record. […]
In other words, for thirty years — long past the time when its topics were contemporary, long past when it could have had the most impact and been most appreciated — a great film has languished unseen. For thirty years, Killer of Sheep was a ghost work. And to what end? Movie licensing royalties are probably not why those musicians


Is it possible to create an negative energy space or area using electromagnetism in varied methods? | PhysicsOverflow
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My question "Is it possible to create an negative energy space or area using electromagnetism in varied methods" is very general. I understand that, but at this time and instance I ask that you all humor me as I can not narrow it down further.
My question originates from the possibility of creating an compression field using electromagnetism in an unascertained method. The general hypothesis will have varied application, one being the measurement of negative energy and as of which the further applications will domino effect further out.
asked Feb 16, 2018 in Q&A by J [ no revision ]
There are two very well known examples of the "negative energy in space", namely, in interactions of charged particles. For example, a proton "creates" a negative potential energy for an electron, so they attract each other and tend to get closer. The closest state, though, is not something of a zero size, but a Hydrogen atom.
The same proton "creates" a positive potential energy for another proton or another positively charged particle, so they repulse each other.
Concerning QFT, there is a phenomenon called annihilation and it happens that an electron and a positron may create a Hydrogen-like "positronium" atom, but it is unstable and decays into several photons.
If you are speaking of the electromagnetic field energy solely, it is a positively defined quantity since it is an integral of positive functions $\int\left(E^2+H^2\right)dV$. But you should keep in mind that the fields have their "sources" and "sinks" - charged particles in motion.
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text:
The ISL6336D utilizes Intersil's proprietary Active Pulse Positioning (APP), Adaptive Phase Alignment (APA) modulation scheme, active phase adding and dropping to achieve and maintain the extremely fast transient response with fewer output capacitors and high efficiency from light to full load.
The ISL6336D is designed to be completely compliant with Intel VR11.1 specifications with exception of droop disabled. It accurately reports the load current via the IMON pin to the microprocessor, which sends an active low PSI# signal to the controller at low power mode. The controller then enters 1- or 2-phase operation option to reduce magnetic core and switching losses, yielding high efficiency at light load. After the PSI# signal is deasserted, the dropped phase(s) are added back to sustain heavy load transient response and efficiency.
The ISL6336D senses the output current continuously by utilizing patented techniques to measure the voltage across the dedicated current sense resistor or the DCR of the output inductor. Current sensing circuits also provide the needed signals for channel-current balancing, average overcurrent protection and individual phase current limiting. An NTC thermistor's temperature is sensed via the TM pin and internally digitized for thermal monitoring and for integrated thermal compensation of the current sense elements.
A unity gain, differential amplifier is provided for remote voltage sensing and completely eliminates any potential difference between remote and local grounds. This improves regulation and protection accuracy. The threshold-sensitive enable input is available to accurately coordinate the start-up of the ISL6336D with any other voltage rail. Dynamic VID™ technology allows seamless on-the-fly VID changes. The offset pin allows accurate voltage offset settings that are independent of VID setting.
- Intel VR11.1 compliant with droop disabled
- Proprietary active pulse positioning (APP) and adaptive phase alignment (APA) modulation scheme
- Proprietary active phase adding and dropping for high light load efficiency
- Precision multiphase core voltage regulation
- Differential remote voltage sensing
- ±0.5% closed-loop system accuracy over load, line and temperature
- Bidirectional, adjustable reference-voltage offset
- Precision resistor or DCR differential current sensing
- Accurate channel-current balancing
- Accurate load current monitoring via IMON pin
- Microprocessor voltage identification input
- Dynamic VID™ technology for VR11.1 requirement
- 8-bit VID, VR11 compatible
- Average overcurrent protection and channel current limit
- Precision overcurrent protection on IMON pin
- Thermal monitoring and overvoltage protection
- Integrated programmable temperature compensation
- Integrated open sense line protection
- 1- to 6-phase operation, coupled inductor compatibility
- Adjustable switching frequency up to 1MHz per phase
- Package option
- QFN compliant to JEDEC PUB95 MO-220 QFN - quad flat no leads - product outline
- Pb-free (RoHS compliant)


Vickers A1E1 Independent
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Vickers A1E1 "Independent"
The Vickers A1E1 in 1925
Type Tank
Place of origin United Kingdom
Production history
Manufacturer Vickers
Number built 1
Weight 33 long tons (34 t)
Length 24 ft 11 in (7.59 m)
Width 8 ft 9 in (2.67 m)
Height 8 ft 11 in (2.72 m)
Crew 8
Armour 13–28 mm
QF 3 pounder gun (47 mm)
4 × 0.303 Vickers machine gun
Engine Armstrong Siddeley V12 petrol
370 hp (280 kW)
Transmission 4 forward, 1 reverse
Suspension coil spring bogies
95 miles
Speed 20 mph (32 km/h)
The Independent A1E1 is a multi-turreted tank that was designed by the British armaments manufacturer Vickers between the First and Second World Wars. Although it only ever reached the prototype stage and only a single example was built, it influenced many other tank designs.
The A1E1 design can be seen as a possible influence on the Soviet T-100 and T-28 tanks, the German Neubaufahrzeug tanks, and the British Medium Mk III and Cruiser Mk I (triple turret) tank designs. The Soviet T-35 tank was based extremely closely on its plans and layout.
The Independent was a multi-turret design, having a central gun turret armed with the 3 pounder (47 mm) gun, and four subsidiary turrets each armed with a 0.303 inch Vickers machine gun. The subsidiary turrets were mounted two at the front and two to the rear of the turret (about halfway along the hull). The gun of the left rear turret was able to elevate to engage aircraft. The tank was designed to have heavy firepower, self-defence capability, and superiority to enemy weapons. It had a crew of eight men, the commander communicating with the crew through an intercom system. The Independent was never used in combat, but other armies copied it.
The A1E1 at Bovington (2008)
In 1924 the General Staff of the British Army ordered the prototype of a heavy tank, which became known as the Independent. Largely designed by Walter Gordon Wilson, its 35.8 litre V12 air-cooled engine was designed by Armstrong Siddeley, and it also incorporated a new hydraulic braking system which had to be specially developed due to its weight and speed. The prototype was delivered to the War Office in 1926, and displayed to the premiers of the Dominions that year.
The tank was the subject of industrial and political espionage, the plans ending up in the Soviet Union, where they may have influenced the design of the T-28 and T-35 tanks. Norman Baillie-Stewart, a British military officer, was court-martialled in 1933 and served five years in prison for providing the plans of the Independent (among other secrets) to a German contact.[1]
It remained in use for experiments until 1935 when it was worn out and retired to Bovington Tank Museum where it is preserved.[2]
External links[edit]


text:
Max/MSP experimentation – Quantum Live
More info on this cool little experiment can be found here:
How it works:
quantum maps arbitrary note values to objects in juggling patterns. higher notes correspond to higher throws by default, but any value can be assigned. additionally, the program allows for a distinction between the left and right hands. note triggers are set to the peak of each object, rather than the traditional catching or throwing position. this produces unexpected rhythmic variations, and allows for chords to exist.


text:
English ivy is a versatile plant used in container gardens and as ground cover. The family of plants contains different cultivars for different uses. Gardeners commonly use English ivy as a hanging plant due to the trailing growth habit of this vine. English ivy performs well as an outdoor plant in a hanging basket alone or coupled with flowering plants.
English Ivy Basics
English ivy serves as an excellent plant for a hanging basket for use indoors and outdoors. An English ivy hanging basket contains plugs of the ivy plant that exclusively fill the hanging container. This vine also grows readily on frames to produce inviting shapes for houseplants. The English ivy family contains hundreds of cultivars that provide different leaf sizes and coloration. Ivy prefers indirect bright light, moderate soil moisture, and plenty of organic nutrients in the soil.
English ivy produces a heart shaped leaf in a variety of sizes depending on the cultivar. This plant grows as a vine that produces trailing roots attached beneath each leaf cluster. Popular varieties include a medium green leaf with white edging. Leaf size ranges from an extremely petite half-inch foliage of the needlepoint English ivy cultivar to the large curly locks variety that produces a 3 or more inch wide leaf with wavy edges. Algerian ivy is prized for its rapid growth to fill out a hanging basket quickly. All varieties produce a foliage-rich hanging basket with texture from the variegation of leaf color.
Hanging Basket Uses
Ivy produces a pleasing appearance in a hanging basket. For a full basket, growers recommend planting ivy rootings about 3 inches apart for full foliage. English ivy will fill in the space quickly and attach to plant hangers. This foliage plant also looks beautiful when paired with blooming shade annuals. Mixed containers allow the gardener the benefit of flowers and ivy foliage for outdoor decorative purposes.
English ivy is considered an invasive species in many states. The smallest cutting roots and produces vines that can take over the landscape. Prune hanging plants regularly to control growth. Dispose of clippings in the trash to limit spreading of the plant. English ivy can overwhelm a hanging basket quickly and requires regular maintenance pruning.
English ivy is quite toxic to animals as a houseplant or landscape plant. Avoid placement where animals might come in contact with the plant. English ivy plants suffer from the reality that many insects and garden pests like to snack on these plants. Clean soil and good watering practices help limit exposure to insects. Allow the plant to dry out to a 1/2-inch depth before watering.


Sister Natalie Rossi: Let yourself be tickled by God's humor
I don't think God tickled them yet.
Beloved -- hurry.
St. Teresa of Avila
I remember listening to symphonies and enjoying the tuba -- a funny, obscure instrument that tickles my soul. In the symphony of life, do we go around missing the tickles -- the joys, the laughs?
Do we forget what it means to be tickled, and go around masquerading in a shell of boredom?
In the Navajo tradition, the first laugh of a child is celebrated with a feast given by the person who caused the laugh. The Navajos are a people of peace and harmony. Even with all of the tragedies in their lives, they laugh at themselves and others. They have stories about a trickster, the Coyote, who goes around making people laugh with his antics. They enjoy a hearty laugh even at your expense, but they try to live peaceful lives.
Laughter bellows forth from children who survived the typhoon in Cebu in the Philippines, just by seeing themselves on a picture. All of the people I passed in the Philippines smiled and were so welcoming, even as they waited for water to wash their clothes or lay their children down on blankets on the sidewalk to sleep.
The Philippine people have been through so much: wars, floods, typhoons, volcanos, etc. How can people have so much inner hope and peace? Has God tickled them?
What do we need in our society, our culture to be tickled? Can we become aware of the touch of God in all living and nonliving things? Can we see in all creation and all of the universe, silly happenings? Do we just keep our heads buried in the mundane things of life?
God is a God of fun, laughter. Look! He created so many funny animals -- anteaters, monkeys -- you and I.
God does have a sense of humor. Somehow we forgot that we are created in God's image. So where is our joy? Perhaps, we need to go through the world and let ourselves be tickled.
Reflections is a column by religious leaders in the region. Sister Natalie Rossi is a member of the Sisters of Mercy and a leadership team councilor for their New York, Pennsylvania, Pacific West Community.


3-5 October 2015
Fairmont Queen Elizabeth
US/Eastern timezone
dnstap-whoami: one-legged exfiltration of resolver queries
4 Oct 2015, 17:00
St-Francois (Fairmont Queen Elizabeth)
Fairmont Queen Elizabeth
900 René-Lévesque Blvd W Montreal, QC H3B 4A5 Canada
Lightning Presentations Public Workshop: Resolvers Track
Robert Edmonds (Farsight Security, Inc.)
A few existing "whoami" or "dnsecho" authoritative DNS services allow for limited extraction of information about the resolver to the original client that would normally be hidden. For example, querying an anycasted resolver like with the command "dig @ whoami.akamai.net" will return an address record revealing a unicast initiator address used by the anycast service. This is "one-legged", because the original client only has visibility into the stub/recursive "leg" of the DNS interaction. The DNS-OARC porttest tool is another example of a "one-legged" service. Similarly, many DNS research projects use special purpose zones with instrumented nameservers which capture incoming query packets for analysis. For example, scans for open recursive DNS servers typically control both the stub/recursive "leg" and the recursive/authoritative "leg" and are thus "two-legged". This requires a more heavyweight investment but results in a richer set of data. This talk will demonstrate an enhanced "whoami" authoritative DNS server that can exfiltrate more detailed information about the recursive/authoritative interaction to the original client, including the complete resolver query packet sent to the authoritative server, using the dnstap format to compactly tunnel structured information which can be decoded by the original client.
Primary author
Robert Edmonds (Farsight Security, Inc.)
Presentation Materials


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Resolutions Without Dissent
THE POWER OF ONE
The Queensland strata legislation, like other States' legislation, includes varying motion types which necessitate different levels of voting support in order to become resolutions. Each State has unique categories of motions and different threshold voting requirements for such motions to be approved. Whilst there is some overlap, a special resolution in one jurisdiction may have a different meaning in another (at least in terms of the way votes are calculated).
In Queensland, the Body Corporate and Community Management Act 1997 prescribes the following resolution types (for general meetings):
- Ordinary resolution
- Majority resolution
- Special resolution
- Resolution without dissent
The most common resolution type is an ordinary resolution. Such a resolution is calculated quite simply in terms of a majority of those voting. The motion passes if there are more votes in favour than against. The qualifying aspect to this is if somebody (anybody entitled to vote) requests a 'poll'. In such circumstances, the motion is passed if the total contribution lot entitlements in favour of the motion are more than the total contribution lot entitlements against the motion. An ordinary resolution is the only resolution type where a poll can be requested.
One infrequently used resolution type is a majority resolution. Because they are rarely required, there seems to be a tendency to assume (incorrectly) that a majority resolution is the same as an ordinary resolution – after all, it talks about a 'majority' doesn't it? However, they are quite different things. A majority resolution is calculated based on the total number of lots in the scheme. The resolution carries only if the votes in favour of the motion are more than half of the lots entitled to vote on the motion. Given the general apathy and low voting turnout at general meetings, obtaining the required support for a majority resolution can be quite difficult.
Another misconception that owners and others in the strata sector frequently seem to have is the voting requirements for a special resolution. There appears to be a common assumption that such a resolution requires a simple 75% majority. Whilst perhaps that might be useful as a 'rule of thumb', the counting of votes for a special resolution is quite different. The test is a three-tier one, and requires all of the following requirements to be satisfied:
- At least two-thirds of the votes cast are in favour of the motion.
- The votes counted against the motion are not more than 25% of the number of lots in the scheme.
- The contribution lot entitlements for lots voting against the motion are not more than 25% of the total contribution lot entitlements for the scheme.
That brings us to the final resolution type and the purpose of my commentary in this newsletter – the resolution without dissent. Such a resolution quite simply requires that no vote is cast against the motion. What's more, this resolution type does not prohibit owners who owe a body corporate debt at the time of the meeting from voting on the motion. Accordingly, a single owner (financial or unfinancial) can ensure that such a motion does not carry – and this frequently occurs.
It holds true that there will be very serious decisions that a body corporate will need to make from time to time that should require strong majority support – even beyond the requirements of a majority or special resolution. However, the question arises as to whether a unanimous voting requirement is a step too far?
Of course, there will be those that point out that any failure of a resolution without dissent to pass can be the subject of challenge in the Commissioner's Office – the relevant test being whether it failed to pass 'because of opposition that in the circumstances is unreasonable' – a test for which we have High Court authority (Ainsworth v Albrecht HCA 40).
However, that still means that valuable time and resources are consumed in seeking to have an unreasonable vote overturned in the Commissioner's Office. Conversely, if one or two votes were insufficient to prevent the passing of the motion, it would be up to those 'aggrieved' owners to take the initiative and commence dispute resolution proceedings to challenge the passing of the motion. Without good cause and reasons for their dissent, most owners will probably not take up this option – particularly as frivolous or vexatious applications can be dismissed with costs.
That brings us to another question about whether the current statutory maximum of $2,000.00 is sufficient to discourage the lodging of frivolous or vexatious applications. Certainly not in my opinion. However, that is a debate for a different day – and a different newsletter!
Article Written by Jarad Maher (26 May 2021)
Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation
Disclaimer – This article is provided for information purposes only and should not be regarded as legal advice.
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Acquisition order helps bootstrapping category structure
The more typical instances of a concept are acquired earlier by children and adults, remembered best, retrieved faster etc. (Mervis & Rosch 1981). These effects are robust, but scholars hardly agree about the mental models underlying them, and their relation to predicate meaning. The need for an account is strengthened by accumulating evidence for typicality effects in the categories of grammar (Langacker 1987, Lakoff 1987).
Rosch states that evidence about a prototype (an optimal instance or feature set) poses constraints, but does not in itself constitute a mental model (ibid).
Formal accounts based on membership degrees have been proven highly problematic: Fuzzy Logic (Zadeh 1965) predicts that no entity is more typical of a brown apple than of an apple. However, typical brown-apples are counter-examples (atypical apples). Partee & Kamp's 1995 solution to this problem fails to account for cases with no syntactic modification: They predict that no entity is more typical of an ostrich than of a bird. However, typical ostriches are counter-examples (atypical birds); Worse yet, a prototype cannot be associated with tall, because there is no maximum tallness (ibid), so the intuition that there are typical tall people remains unaccounted for. Similarly for composed concepts: For ex. what is the prototype of non-bird: a dog, day, number?
I propose different conditions for a feature / entity to be considered typical.
(i) Features like nesting are typical of a bird if they correlate with ordering (not membership!) in bird. The correlation is ceteris paribus:
Any entity more typical in nesting than other entities (equally typical in other features) is more typical of a bird.
(ii) This typicality ordering (scale) is no more than a side effect of the order in which we learn that entities fall under bird, which remains encoded in memory. While disambiguating predicate meaning within a particular context, the status of entities deviating from given examples (given birds) is uncertain. Thus:
d1 is more typical of P than d2 in a context iff: Either the P-hood of d1 is established earlier than the P-hood of d2 Or the non-P-hood of d2 is established earlier than the non-P-hood of d1.
This correctly predicts that: The earlier we learn that d is a bird the more typical we consider d to be; Atypical birds (lately acquired birds) may be typical ostriches (even the earliest ostriches known!) Similarly, even the latest apples acquired might be the earliest brown apples acquired; The scale of non-bird is, by this definition, inverse to the scale of bird in each context (see evidence in Smith et al 1988); Context independent prototypes (maximal tallness) are not needed: In each context some entities are the best: the earliest given (among the available entities); Finally, concepts like tall have fixed ordering features, but typical associates with them more contextual features. Thus, the NP typical tall person, like typical bird, associates with a more context dependent scale.
This is a small part of the facts covered by my proposal.


Truffle News
10 Reasons Why White Truffles Are So Expensive!
by 22/08/2019
"White Truffle Sold for 300.000 Euros!!"
These kind of headlines do two things – they drive truffle hunters insane and they warp the public's perception of the value of a white truffle (tuber magnatum pico). In real life the cost of white truffles is nowhere near so exorbitant. Consumers can expect to pay a much more reasonable price of between three and six thousand euros per kilo, depending on where the truffle is purchased (how far from Italy) and the year (prices fluctuate annually).Wherever the place and whatever the year though, you can be sure that white truffles will be one of the most expensive foods you ever buy. We're going to look at ten reasons why this fungus costs so much money.
1. White truffles don't grow everywhere
 The areas where white truffles grow are few and far between. Unlike their black counterparts, they have yet to be cultivated which means they are only found in the wild by hunters with specially trained dogs. Most of the white truffles are hunted in five or six regions of northern Italy, the most famous being Alba in Piedmont. A little known fact is that the majority of Italy's truffles grow in Le Marche,with around two-thirds of the national crop (which is around 60 tonnes annually) originating in the regions around Acqualagna. White truffles have also been unearthed in countries such as Romania, Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia. Although the species found abroad is identical, most connoisseurs would agree that the Italian climate and terrain produce a superior truffle.However this is something of a hot topic to be discussed in another post.
2. The places where truffles grow are very difficult to access
In our area, the majority of places where white truffles grow are quite literally dark, damp ditches in an unforgiving forest in the middle of nowhere surrounded by thick brambles. White truffles are very unique hence they only develop in a very specific, unusual microclimate. When I went on my first truffle hunt I was expecting something akin to a pleasant hike in the forest and had even packed some sandwiches for the trip. I got a very rude awakening that cold winter's morning as I went sliding down a precariously steep embankment on my backside, ending up in an icy stagnant pool with my arms entangled in the undergrowth and a spaniel sitting nonchalantly on my head. Great times. More often than not you will spend 5 or 6 hours trekking through these delightful picnic spots only to come out scratched to hell and caked in mud with perhaps 15 grams of truffle or even nothing at all to show for it. You get in the car wet and miserable, eat your stale panini and drive home to face the scorn. Then the irony is that you can't wait to get up the next day and do it all over again.
3.Truffles are only available for a short period of the year.
The white truffle season does not last very long at all. Peak condition white truffles are available from early – mid October to the end of December. Truffles grow from early September and can be found in January (sometimes all the way to early February) but the quality is generally so poor that they should be avoided. Besides the fact that these truffles will be a poor imitation of the beautiful peak season specimens,we should also mention that it is illegal to hunt for truffles outside of the season designated by the regional Forestry Corps.. Please truffle fans, let's try and preserve the species!
4. They don't keep for long.
 Truffles are only fresh for about a week and from the moment the hunter digs them up, they begin to lose their unique perfume. This means they have to be transported quickly using the most expensive means available in order to be eaten as soon as possible. As the white truffle is highly sensitive, any variations in temperature or problems such as a flight delay can result in the loss of thousands of euros worth of product and sadly this happens on a regular basis.
5. Only specially trained dogs can find them.
One of the hardest parts of being a truffle hunter is training your dog. Yes, you can buy a trained truffle dog starting at around 4000 euros but you may not know what kind of dog you are getting and what methods have been used in its training. There are a lot of advantages to teaching your dog yourself from when it is a pup.This means that hunters can spend years working with their dogs to bring them up to scratch. The animals need to be trained lovingly and good hunters realise that there are no short cuts. Training your own dog requires charisma, effort and above all patience as some dogs (especially males) won't start sniffing out truffles till they are about two and a half years of age. And even then as my uncle Alberto says 'Some dogs hunt, some dogs piss on the tree.' A lot of animal lovers worry that truffle dogs are being exploited. My advice would be to try to see the dogs in action even if it is just a video. It makes sense for hunters to choose breeds which seemingly have an innate love for what they do. Athletic dogs which are never happier than when they are out on the hunt. There are exceptions, of course but the majority of hunters value their dogs almost to the point of worship. They are proud of them and take great care of the dogs. Probably the hunters' biggest fear is that anything should happen to their canine partner. In our family, the dogs work really hard with us and in return they are treated like royalty.
6.Big truffles cost more per gram.
The price of white truffles is calculated per gram and varies according to at least 4 categories of weight. So a truffle in the range of 1-15 grams might sell for 1 euro per gram, whereas truffles over 15 grams and under 50 will be more expensive. A white truffle which weighs over 50 grams will cost even more, say 3 euros a gram. Then there is the giant category, the showpiece which can often fetch a very high price especially if it's also a good shape, undamaged and attractive in colour. On an average day, we usually find small truffles in small quantities, Finding a giant truffle (over 100 grams) is quite rare and might happen once or twice a week so a lot of the time you could be out truffling and coming home with 100 grams of small truffles untill you finally hit the jackpot. In addition, damaged truffles are worth a lot less. This means we need to be very careful not to let the dogs scratch the truffle when they are digging. Also the hunter works as delicately as an archeologist so as not to break the truffle during the tricky unearthing process. As an aside, I remember when I was a little boy, maybe 5 or 6 and my uncle Donatello wanted to tease me. The hunters were sitting in our kitchen drinking wine and that day Donatello had found a perfectly round, golden-coloured truffle that was completely intact. He held it out to me and said "Look Giorgino, I found a potato!". I took it from his hand and threw it to the kitchen floor where it broke into three or four worthless pieces to the sound of a collective groan. Luckily they all saw the funny side later after a few more glasses of wine. Of course, Italian families being what they are, I have never been allowed to forget this incident!
7. Truffle prices vary according to the weather.
Weather conditions are the most important factor in regard to the development of the tuber magnatum pico in its prefruited form. This means that some years truffles are even pricier than usual as there are fewer truffles due to that year's temperatures and amount of rainfall. The ideal weather conditions for optimum development of truffles is rain in the months of March and April and more wet weather later on in the summer months. The reason being that summers in Italy can be so warm that if there isn't enough rain in these months the truffle will either never grow to its full potential or never grow at all.In other words, truffles are hyper-sensitive. Rain can also affect the availability and thus price in the autumn months. Truffle hunters are usually sturdy types who are not put off by a bit of bad weather. However November is the wettest month of the year in Italy with total precipitation often surpassing 100 millimeters. This means that there will often be days or even weeks when there are no fresh truffles on the market because all the hunters are at home going crazy waiting for the downpour to stop.
8. Climate change is real and it is affecting white truffles.
The effects of climate change on white truffles are yet to be fully understood, but Ulf Büntgen, professor of Environmental Systems Analysis at Cambridge University has come up with some very compelling data. It shows that since the 1970's summer rain patterns have altered significantly, droughts are occuring more frequently and temperatures are steadily increasing and that these weather conditions result in a corresponding decline in the number of truffles.The fragile natural system needed in order for truffles to thrive is under threat which means that they are getting scarcer.
9. Basic Economics
There is a great demand and a limited supply. In fact only 65% of the demand for white truffle can be met.
10.Their taste and aroma is incomparable.
I


text:
# Motion Blur Effect
The Motion Blur effect accumulates the image over time to create a blurry appearance of movement.
# Effect Settings
- Opacity mask: You can draw this mask to determine what areas of your image the effect is applied to. By default it applies to the complete layer.
- Accumulation rate: How fast the image is accumulated, lower values mean more blur.
# Order of Effects
Motion Blur can be combined with other effects but keep in mind that the Motion Blur effect will only be applied to effects that are listed above itself in the effects list. Move the Motion Blur effect below any affect that you want it to apply to.
For example, if you have applied a Spin effect or Scroll effect to a layer, make sure Motion Blur is below these effects in the effects list. You can re-arrange the effects list by simply dragging and dropping effects with your mouse. See the video below to see how the Motion Blur effect only starts becoming visible once it is moved below the Spin effect:


text:
A Tour of Chemical Engineering's new Carbon Capture Pilot Plant
Daryl Williams takes Robyn Williams on a tour of a pilot plant designed to capture and store carbon dioxide from power station exhaust gases. The plant is used for teaching and research and simulates the process of capturing carbon dioxide.
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The anonymity of the village signals its universality. It adds to the horror of the story that we can imagine the lottery taking place anywhere, in any small town we might know. We can't confine the violence of the lottery to a specific area or a certain set of people: Jackson's critique is America-wide. The references to other towns that hold lotteries contribute to our sense that Jackson isn't talking about any one community, but is instead critiquing society as a whole.
As for the lottery's temporal setting – a day in mid-summer – it indicates a period of unconstrained growth and reckless abandon. The children are testing the freedoms of summer. The flowers are "blossoming profusely." The grass is "richly green." We might read the village's ritual murder as its method of pruning excessive growth. Many critics point out that the summer solstice was a popular time of pre-historic ritual, and that the lottery's timing is a subtle gesture to earlier primitive rituals.


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Fukushima visit for University of Glasgow scientist
Issued: Tue, 28 Feb 2012 09:15:00 GMT
A University of Glasgow academic is flying to Japan to visit the Fukushima Prefecture, where three nuclear reactors were seriously damaged in the earthquake and subsequent tsunami of March 2011.
David Sanderson, Professor of Environmental Physics at the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), will be in Japan between 28 February and 9 March following an invitation from Fukushima University, where scientists are working to map and measure the area's radiation levels.
He will tour Fukushima City and surrounding areas and deliver speeches to academics and government officials on environmental radiation and how mobile and airborne gamma ray spectrometry techniques can be used to map areas affected by radiation.
He will take a portable gamma ray sensor system to demonstrate a method of radiation measurement developed at SUERC. The information collected by the backpack-mounted sensor can be used to build a visual map of the radiation levels in any given location. Professor Sanderson expects to examine radiation levels on the campus of Fukushima University and in areas within the prefecture which have been affected by the accident.
Significant amounts of radioactive material were released into the air last year when three of the reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant melted down and caused explosions. Scientists at SUERC, a collaboration between the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, subsequently detected radioactive iodine particles from the plant in the atmosphere over Glasgow, which had been carried by air currents from Fukushima.
Professor Sanderson said: "After the earthquake struck and the scale of the problems unfolding at Fukushima became clear, the team at SUERC helped advise UK authorities of elevated levels of radiation found in Scotland and offered assistance to the International Atomic Energy Agency.
"I'll be visiting the week before the first anniversary of the earthquake on 11 March. I'll be speaking about SUERC's work and the environmental consequences of past nuclear accidents to audiences at Fukushima University and the National Institute for Enviromental Science, and visiting the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council in Tsukuba.
"I expect the visit will provide a valuable exchange of information and ideas with Japanese academics as well as an opportunity to see for myself how the area is dealing with the lingering after-effects of the earthquake.
"At the end of March, four scientists from Fukushima University will come to East Kilbride to visit SUERC's headquarters. I look forward to continuing our conversations and exploring new opportunities for collaborations which could be of wide-ranging benefit in the field of environmental radiation detection. "
Professor Sanderson's visit to Japan is funded by the Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation, which promotes UK-Japanese relations, and the University of Glasgow's College of Science and Engineering.
For more information contact Ross Barker in the University of Glasgow Media Relations Office on 0141 _PHONE_ or email _EMAIL_
Notes to Editors
About SUERC: SUERC's mission is to perform, stimulate and support high quality basic, applied and strategic research, within the Scottish University community and beyond, in the Earth, Environmental and Biomedical Sciences through development and maintenance of high-end analytical facilities, inter-disciplinary exchange and collaborative interaction.
SUERC provides a focus in Scotland for high quality research through its own research programme and by assisting partner universities successfully to bid for research grants and deliver research outputs.
Through teaching and training, SUERC contributes to the future supply of highly able scientists. Commercial research and testing is a valuable source of additional income and frequently contributes to national welfare and security. SUERC is operated jointly and funded equally by the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh and, through a Memorandum of Understanding, Aberdeen University is an Associate Member.
Links to several other Scottish institutions are illustrated by SUERC's lead role in the Research Pooling Initiatives, SAGES, the Scottish Alliance for Geoscience, Environment and Society, and ECOSSE, the Edinburgh Collaborative of Sub-surface Science and Engineering.
<< University news


terminate.
As written this doesn't make sense - a value of an attribute being a
precondition seems like a type error to me. I think you mean something like
availability of an attribute value. But even that is hard to follow. Suggest
simplifying this to just:
Given an assertion uses(pe,x,r) or uses(pe,x,r,t), existence of x is a
pre-condition for the activity denoted by pe to terminate.
5.5 Derivation
Given an assertion isDerivedFrom(B,A), one can infer that the use of
characterized entity denoted by A precedes the generation of the characterized
entity denoted by B.
Where does this notion of "use" come from in the absence of some referenced
Concerning transitivity of derivation:
A has attributes a0, a1
B having attributes b0, b1 is derived from A, with b0 being dependent on a0
C having attributes c0, c1, is derived from B with c1 being dependent on b1
So none of the attributes of C can be said to be directly or indirectly
dependent on attributes of A, which by the given definition is a requirement for
derivation of C from A. Thus, as defined, derivation cannot be transitive.
I don't really know if derivation should or should not be transitive, but the
above seems to me like a problem of spurious over-specification. My suggestion
for now would be to focus on what really matters and see what logical properties
fall out later.
5.8 IVP of
The revised (w.r.t.
_URL_ treatment of
IVP-of, and relabeling as "complement-of" completely overturns my understanding
of what this was intended to capture. I understood the whole point of A IVP-of B
was intended to capture the notion that A denotes a contextually constrained
form of the entity denoted by B. I don't see what useful purpose this relation
 From a practical perspective, given the asymmetric nature of IVP-of (as was) it
is easy to express the effect of complement-of in RDF by introducing a new
entity node. But I see no way of constructing the strict constraining role of
IVP using complement-of.
5.9 Time
Time is defined according to [ISO8601].
I don't think it is appropriate of an open standard to be normatively dependent
on a standard that is available only on payment of a charge for access. In this
case, we could make reference to the XML scheme datatypes, which would also
require us to think about my next point...
As far as I'm aware, ISO 8601 covers both points in time and time intervals. As
such a bare reference to ISO 86012 is not really an adequate definition: which
do we want? I suspect _URL_
5.10 Recipe Link
I don't see what useful purpose this serves.
5.11 Role
I can't completely follow the description given.
5.13 Ordering of Processes
This section confusingly changes the style of presentation from sections
dedicated to specific concepts to a vague discussion of possible relationships
between things.
5.14 Revision
This seems to be just a different form of Derivation that happens to mention an
agent. I'm not sure why I'd choose one over the other.
I think this may be unnecessary - would not a similar effect be achieved by
having a process execution of "revision" that uses b1, generates b2 and is
controlled by ag (possibly with role "revise"?).
5.16 Provenance Container
It's not clear what this is intended to be (maybe unsurprising, since the
definition is absent). But it looks as if it's intended to a syntactical kind
of thing, which I feel is out of place in a data model description (especially
if we're expecting to use RDF to represent the data). The next version of RDF
will probably formally define named graphs - I'm not seeing what additional
definition would be needed here.
Received on Thursday, 28 July 2011 21:38:41 GMT


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March 11, 2009 While the thought of rocketing into space might make some people want to soil themselves, going to the toilet in zero gravity is a very real problem for space faring astronauts. Until now the solution has been to strap themselves onto a toilet that is similar to traditional western style toilets but employs a vacuum cleaner like machine to suck the wastes away – doesn't sound too pleasant does it. Now it seems the Japanese are approaching the problem from a different tack with Pink Tentacle reporting that the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has teamed up with engineers from the private sector to develop a next-generation space toilet that is designed to be worn like a diaper.
The proposed toilet is designed to be worn by the astronauts at all times with sensors detecting when the wearer relieves himself or herself. This will automatically trigger a rear-mounted suction unit to draw the wastes away through tubes to a separate container and the device will wash and dry the wearer afterwards. For astronauts who have been indulging in space curry the unit will also incorporate features to eliminate unwanted sound and odor. The research group hopes to develop the next generation space toilet within the next five years with plans to test working prototypes in Japan's Kibo lab aboard the International Space Station (ISS) – hands up for that job. The team believes the new toilet could also have earthbound uses such as in hospitals for bedridden patients.
The new toilet could also come in handy for astronauts looking to drive non-stop cross-country to confront the other woman in a love triangle.
Via Pink Tentacle
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Ab Initio - Generate Records
A cool part about the Generate Records is that it can behave as an in-graph record source to the graph itself, or just to produce an output file for another graph to consume. It allows us to instantly create records for testing without having to hand-edit a file, and it can generate data in high volume just by setting up a graph.
I see a lot of questions around the Generate Records component. Apart from building basic data, people want to build the more exotic and 1-off data types that the Generate Records does not readily support.
May I offer one humble suggestion, and that is to simply forego the output content of the Generate Records except where we need to use a randomly generated string value. Apart from this, I've found far more power and flexibility in the following scenario, and it works every time it's tried.
Firstly, we need to put a couple of components on the canvas. One is the Generate Records and one is the Reformat. In the input DML of the Reformat, we will define a record with a single string field. Call it dummy[1] or some such like. We only plan to throw it away. Connect the output port of the Generate Records to the input port of the Reformat. Now the only data we need in the Generate Records, is how many records to generate. Let's use ten (10) records to start.
Now on the output DML of our Reformat, we put the record definition of the data we are actually trying to generate. For example, some wild, vectored, EBCDIC format - whatever, the output port of the Reformat will be the actual launching point of our generated data, rather than the output port of the Generate Records.
Someone once asked me, what does this buy us, exactly? I mean, we can't actually do anything with an empty, null record comming off the Reformat's output can we?
Of course we can.
We have the entire domain of the Reformat's expression editor, statements and business rules to stuff data into the output port with reckless abandon. Of course, we aren't exacely reformatting anything, more like formatting, creating data in the Reformat, manufacturing it on the fly.
And you may well ask - where does the data come from? It comes from the Reformat, which will emit one record for each record sent from the Generate Records. We are after all sending records from the Generate Records, we're just not doing anything with them. Each time a record "appears" on the input port of the Reformat, it will automatically cause the Reformat to emit a record on its output port, based on the rules we've put in the transform section of the Reformat.
Now to catch the data that the Reformat is about to produce, we can attach a Trash component, or we can attach an Output File, whatever suits.
Once we put all the rules in place, we punch the go button and our setup will manufacture ten (10) records into the Output File component. We can now examine it, review it, change, tweak or add some rules in the Reformat, then try again. Each time (in this case) we'll get ten records.
Need more data? Change the count in Generate Records - need different data? Modify the rules in the Reformat. This setup is the most flexible way to create data, and the one that will always guarantee we get the data in the DML form we are expecting.
I've seen folks take a really ugly COBOL copybook, put it on the output port of the Reformat, and flesh out the Reformat's transform to faithfully replicate the data exactly as how it would look from the source. I've also seen folks set this up to simulate a database extract, mainframe extract and XML generated output. For all practical purposes, we can manufacture any information, in any quantity and any format with this setup.
Use it in peace
Read 1 comment
Nice posting. I have used that technique a number of times and found it useful. In fact, I recommend checking in a graph with each project that generates test data as expected from the source system, for testing purposes. It saves a lot of headaches trying recreate test data later when doing enhancements, etc.
Another point worth mentioning is the "Generate Data" component which combines the Generate Records and Reformat together. It can be found under lib/layered_components/generate-with-transform.mpc. I think Chris Day wrote about this in one of his posts.
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Effective treatment of pelvic lymphocele by lymphaticovenular anastomosis.
Todokoro T., Furniss D., Oda K., Kawana K., Narushima M., Mihara M., Kikuchi K., Hara H., Yano T., Koshima I.
OBJECTIVE: Pelvic lymphocele can be a severe complication associated with surgical procedures such as pelvic lymphadenectomy. Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is increasing in popularity as a surgical treatment for lymphedema. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether LVA is an effective treatment for lymphocele, which is caused by an obstruction of the lymphatic flow in a manner similar to the development of lymphedema. METHODS: Eleven female patients, who presented with lymphocele, were treated with LVA. Before the operation, 3 of them were treated with a percutaneous catheter. Lymphocele size and the volume of daily drainage were measured before and after LVA. RESULTS: The lymphocele was completely resolved in 6 patients and partially resolved in the remaining 5 patients. The mean size of the pelvic lymphocele changed from 400 ml (range 50-1050 ml) to 43 ml (range 0-120 ml) (P<0.01). In the 3 patients who had percutaneous drainage catheters, the volume of fluid drained decreased from 340 ml/day to 20 ml/day after LVA. CONCLUSIONS: Our technique is minimally invasive and is performed under local anesthesia. LVA is effective regardless of the size of the lymphocele. Therefore, LVA should be considered as a therapy for lymphocele because of its low invasiveness and its effectiveness in re-establishing circulation of lymphatic flow. Further studies should be performed to compare LVA with other minimally invasive techniques, such as percutaneous catheter and sclerotherapy.


Next: , Previous: Pragma Static_Elaboration_Desired, Up: Implementation Defined Pragmas
Pragma Stream_Convert
 pragma Stream_Convert (
 [Entity =>] type_LOCAL_NAME,
 [Read =>] function_NAME,
 [Write =>] function_NAME);
This pragma provides an efficient way of providing user-defined stream attributes. Not only is it simpler to use than specifying the attributes directly, but more importantly, it allows the specification to be made in such a way that the predefined unit Ada.Streams is not loaded unless it is actually needed (i.e. unless the stream attributes are actually used); the use of the Stream_Convert pragma adds no overhead at all, unless the stream attributes are actually used on the designated type.
The first argument specifies the type for which stream functions are provided. The second parameter provides a function used to read values of this type. It must name a function whose argument type may be any subtype, and whose returned type must be the type given as the first argument to the pragma.
The meaning of the Read parameter is that if a stream attribute directly or indirectly specifies reading of the type given as the first parameter, then a value of the type given as the argument to the Read function is read from the stream, and then the Read function is used to convert this to the required target type.
Similarly the Write parameter specifies how to treat write attributes that directly or indirectly apply to the type given as the first parameter. It must have an input parameter of the type specified by the first parameter, and the return type must be the same as the input type of the Read function. The effect is to first call the Write function to convert to the given stream type, and then write the result type to the stream.
The Read and Write functions must not be overloaded subprograms. If necessary renamings can be supplied to meet this requirement. The usage of this attribute is best illustrated by a simple example, taken from the GNAT implementation of package Ada.Strings.Unbounded:
 function To_Unbounded (S : String)
 return Unbounded_String
 renames To_Unbounded_String;
 pragma Stream_Convert
 (Unbounded_String, To_Unbounded, To_String);
The specifications of the referenced functions, as given in the Ada Reference Manual are:
 function To_Unbounded_String (Source : String)
 return Unbounded_String;
 function To_String (Source : Unbounded_String)
 return String;
The effect is that if the value of an unbounded string is written to a stream, then the representation of the item in the stream is in the same format that would be used for Standard.String'Output, and this same representation is expected when a value of this type is read from the stream. Note that the value written always includes the bounds, even for Unbounded_String'Write, since Unbounded_String is not an array type.
Note that the Stream_Convert pragma is not effective in the case of a derived type of a non-limited tagged type. If such a type is specified then the pragma is silently ignored, and the default implementation of the stream attributes is used instead.


text:
Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION OF KOSUN Slurry Separation Plants, Mud separation units
Environmental slurry separation plants developed by KOSUN is the most advanced technological products in the world, which can be widely used in urban rail transit construction, water conservancy and hydropower construction and municipal engineering. In the next 20 years, the construction of domestic infrastructure will be the key fieleds invested by the State. KOSUN slurry separation plants can meet the environ mental requirements on urban construction and processing. The market demand of environ mental slurry separation plants will be increasing.
Ⅱ.APPLICATION OF KD Slurry Separation Plants, Mud separation units
（1）Slurry balanced shield mud treatment;
（2）Bored pile foundation construction mud treatment (generated by rotary drilling rig, positive and reverse circulation drill and percussion drill during drilling and pore forming);
（3）Underground diaphragm wall construction mud treatment (generated by diaphragm wall and double wheels trench cutter during trenching);
（4）Trenchless construction mud treatment (generated by horizontal directional drilling and slurry pipe jacking).
Ⅲ.STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF KD Slurry Separation Plants, Mud separation units
KD series slurry separation plants mainly consists of scalping shaker module, desanding module and desilting module. As a pre-screener, the scalping shaker can remove coarse particles from mud. The desanding module is equipped with desander (primary cyclones) and fine-mesh shaker and mainly removes granulated sand. The desilting module is equipped with desilter (secondary cyclones) and can conduct a fine separation selectively according to the field needs of customers. Mud closed-loop circulating purification mode and lower water content in slags help reduce the environmental pollution. Wear parts of the system are of anti-corrosion and wear-resistance, long service life and low failure rate, and the system can be suitable for various severe working conditions.
Ⅳ.OVERALL ADVANTAGES OF KD SERIES Slurry Separation Plants, Mud separation units
(1) Simple and useful treatment process, as well as convenient installation, operation and maintenance;
(2) Modular and integrated design, transportation and installation subject to standard container size, foldable operating platform, compact structure, small footprint and flexible field use;
(3) Adjustable G-force of shale shaker, screen panel angle and mesh size, strong overall system adaptability and easier treatment of materials from various formations;
(4) Meet separation requirements on various materials and customize process as per the cut point of D 50 ; meet the requirements on different handling capacities, 100~3000m³/h;
(5) Meet various power specifications as per construction needs, and even generator set can be used for operation;
(6) The whole system is skid-mounted integrated system and can be also changed into vehicle-mounted mobile treatment units.
Ⅴ.KOSUN Slurry Separation Plants, Mud separation units SITE CASES
Solids Particles Treated By Slurry Separation System


text:
What Does Invested Capital Mean?
Invested capital is the total amount of investments made by both shareholders and bondholders in a company. It is a liability for a company since it has to pay this money as well as a reasonable return back to both the shareholders and bondholders, though in the case of the latter, the rate of return is fixed. Before it can start making a profit, a company needs to make more money than the total of its invested capital in addition to the money needed to service it.
Divestopedia Explains Invested Capital
Invested capital is an important metric for both investors and business owners. For a company, it helps to determine its liabilities and the amount of money it needs to make in order to cover these liabilities. From an investor's perspective, the invested capital is useful in calculating the return on investment, value addition and the return on capital used by the company. Based on these metrics, the investors can make informed decisions.
The formula is as follows:
Invested Capital = Total Debt + Lease + Total Equity - Non-operating Cash and Investments
Though the above formula is the most commonly used, it is not the only way to calculate invested capital. There are two approaches, which include operating and financial. In the operating approach, current liabilities that are not interest bearing are subtracted from current operating assets in order to calculate the net working capital. Property and equipment costs; present value of lease obligations that are not capitalized; goodwill and other intangible assets are then added to the net working capital in order to arrive at the invested capital amount.
In the financial approach, short term debt of the company, long term debt and lease obligations that are not capitalized are added together to arrive at the total debt and leases. Common stock; earnings; bad debt reserves, if any; and other capitalized expenses, including marketing, and research and development, are then added to the total debt and leases. Finally, marketable securities are subtracted from this value to arrive at the final value of invested capital.


text:
Chapter 5-Statistical Treatment of Data, Data Interpretation, and Reliability
Pages: 6 Published: Jan 2005
MOST PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL measurements, performed under nominally identical conditions, yield differing data. The results of corrosion tests are no exception. Sometimes the difference between values is less than the measurement accuracy and cannot be detected. At other times the difference approaches the magnitude of the values. Unfortunately, corrosion test data tend to be in the latter category more often than in the former.
Paper ID: MNL11011M
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.


text:
Children spend a lot of time in their imagination…
Making up fantastic stories of super heroes, princesses, dragons and like. Journeying to magical places as they learn to make sense of the world around them. They have the gift of switching from reality to make believe in an instant.
Just as adults have problems, so too do children.
Hypnotherapy can be used to help common childhood issues like…
- Bed Wetting
- Sleeping Difficulties
- Self Esteem
- Picky Eating
So why is hypnosis so successful for children?
As children have yet to be conditioned by society as to what is real and what is not, their imagination has no boundaries. Being experts of this 'pretend' they are able to access their unconscious mind with ease. As hypnosis works on an unconscious level, this is an advantage to the hypnotherapist as adults are not as receptive.
Imagination is more important than knowledgeAlbert Einstein
How does hypnosis differ for a child?
Hypnosis is a trance state, where the individual is so absorbed on one thing that they lose awareness of what is happening around them. Similar to child's play
The main difference is that a child does not go into trance the same way as an adult.
They do not need to close their eyes to achieve a hypnotic state. In fact quite often they are wide awake and fidgeting.
And as you expect Children drift into this natural state many times during the day as they play, read, watch television, draw etc.
During these focused moments the conscious mind has quietened down, making it easier to access the unconscious part where all beliefs, memories, habits and behaviours are held.
A lot of child hypnotherapy is conversational to enhance the unconscious mind
The key is for the hypnotherapist is to engage the child's imagination as the unconscious mind responds to symbols, scenarios and role plays. Change happens during this relaxed state as new ideas and suggestions help alter the child's perspective, beliefs, habits and behaviours.


ingredient information
HydrocolloidsA hydrocolloid is defined as a colloid system wherein the colloid particles are dispersed in water. A hydrocolloid has colloid particles spread throughout water, and depending on the quantity of water available that can take place in different states, e.g., gel or sol (liquid). Hydrocolloids can be either irreversible (single-state) or reversible. For example, agar, a reversible hydrocolloid of seaweed extract, can exist in a gel and sol state, and alternate between states with the addition or elimination of heat. Many hydrocolloids are derived from natural sources. For example, agar-agar and carrageenan are extracted from seaweed, gelatin is produced by hydrolysis of proteins of bovine and fish origins, and pectin is extracted from citrus peel and apple pomace. Gelatin desserts like jelly or Jell-O are made from gelatin powder, another effective hydrocolloid. Hydrocolloids are employed in food mainly to influence texture or viscosity (e.g., a sauce). Hydrocolloid-based medical dressings are used for skin and wound treatment. Other main hydrocolloids are xanthan gum, gum arabic, guar gum, locust bean gum, cellulose derivatives as carboxymethyl cellulose, alginate and starch. [edit] Interaction between colloid particles


The UniVec Database
UniVec is a database that can be used to quickly identify segments within nucleic acid sequences which may be of vector origin (vector contamination). Screening using UniVec is efficient because a large number of redundant subsequences have been eliminated to create a database that contains only one copy of every unique sequence segment from a large number of vectors.
In addition to vector sequences, UniVec also contains sequences for those adapters, linkers, and primers commonly used in the process of cloning cDNA or genomic DNA. This enables contamination with these oligonucleotide sequences to be found during the vector screen.
UniVec can be obtained from the NCBI FTP directory:
Eliminating the Redundancy from Vector Sequences
Many vectors have the same backbone or share common functional cassettes. Consequently, databases with the full sequence for each vector contain multiple copies of such elements. A single copy of each unique element is sufficient to allow that sequence to be recognized as vector contamination. The size of a database designed for screening can therefore be greatly reduced by eliminating the redundant copies of any sequence (see statistics for the current UniVec build).
The UniVec database is built by sequentially processing each input sequence. The input sequence is first compared to all the sequences already in the database. The location of any segment identical to database sequences is recorded. This information is used to extract only those segments of the input sequence that contain novel sequence. These novel elements are then added to the database. This cycle is repeated for each sequence that is to be represented in the finished database.
Benefits of a Non-Redundant Database for Screening
Elimination of redundant sequence segments reduces UniVec to less than 20% of the size of an equivalent database containing the full sequences for the same set of vectors. This has two major benefits for screening:
 - The computation time required to screen a query sequence is reduced significantly.
 - Analysis of the results is facilitated because redundant hits to multiple copies of the same sequence are largely eliminated.
Most vectors are circular, but their sequences are represented in linear form by opening the sequence at one particular location (the circular junction). Because programs such as BLAST are unable to extend a match across the end/beginning of the linear sequence, contamination with a segment of vector that spans the circular junction may be missed, or its full extent and strength may be underestimated. To circumvent this limitation, a copy of the first 49 bases of the sequence for a circular vector is appended to the end of the sequence before it is processed for addition to UniVec. This "pseudo-circularization" allows matches that span the circular junction to be identified correctly.
Vectors Represented in the UniVec Database
UniVec contains the unique segments, as well as a single copy of each of the shared segments, from all the vector, adapter, linker, and primer sequences that were used to build the database. The sequences used to build the current version of UniVec are listed in the current UniVec representation list.
Screening a query sequence against UniVec will result in the detection of significant contamination with any sequence from the current UniVec representation list. Contamination with vectors not on this list can also be detected if the vector is similar to one of the represented vectors, although in such cases the full extent of the contamination may not be reported.
UniVec will be periodically updated with additional vector sequences.
Send suggestions for additional sequences to include in UniVec to the NCBI Service Desk ( Please give a brief description of the vector or oligonucleotide, indicate where the sequence can be obtained, and provide references to a detailed description if available. Vectors and oligonucleotides that are commonly used for cloning and/or amplification will be given the highest priority for inclusion in future versions of UniVec.
Sources of the Sequences in UniVec
Most of the sequences in UniVec were derived from GenBank entries. In these cases, the parent sequence and annotation (when available) can be obtained from Entrez Nucleotide using the GenBank Accession number.version from the UniVec definition line.
The sequences for some commercial vectors, linkers, adapters, and primers that are not available in GenBank were obtained from company Web sites or product literature. UniVec entries derived from such non-GenBank sequences have a definition line containing an identifier of the form NGBxxxxx.x. The most up-to-date versions of these non-GenBank sequences, and in many cases annotations, can be obtained from the Web site of the company concerned.
Limitations of the UniVec Database
UniVec was built so that every unique sequence of 50 (or fewer) contiguous bases from the input sequences is represented in the database. Longer stretches of sequence are not necessarily represented as one contiguous piece in UniVec. This particular construction places certain limitations on the use of the database and on the interpretation of results from a search against the database.
Searches using UniVec will not indicate the identity of the vector having the strongest match to the query sequence. The full extent of the match to any individual vector will not be apparent because the sequence for most vectors in UniVec is not present as one contiguous piece. The most likely source(s) of vector contamination can be deduced from the cloning history of the sequenced DNA (more details are available in Interpretation of VecScreen Results). If it is necessary to identify the vector that has the best match to the query sequence, a BLAST search should be made using a database that contains a contiguous sequence for each vector, such as the artificial sequences subset of NCBI's nr/nt database.
UniVec should not be used for a search in which the criteria for a significant hit require an alignment of more than 50 bases.
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Last updated: 2016-07-15T12:17:08-04:00