, among many others.
For sure, this approach only works if you're managing a highly competent team where everyone knows what they need to do. The purpose of using this style is to boost creativity, accountability, and responsibility.
8. Persuasive Management Technique
It is a fact that as a manager, you hold the power, which puts you in charge of affairs going on in your organization. However, in running a business, trying to pull rank or use authority doesn't always work.
There are situations where a new decision or rule can put you at risk of losing half of your workforce. This is because your employees can decide to quit their jobs and look for employment elsewhere if they don't like the new change. In such cases, trying to use force, rank, or power won't work. This is where the persuasive management technique comes in. By using this style, a manager lays out the benefits and reasons for the new decision to their employees. They then go further to explain why this change had to be made.
This technique maintains peace and harmony in a team while ensuring the organization achieves its set goals.
Deciding on a Management Style for Effective Leadership
To manage a workforce effectively, a leader needs to switch seamlessly from one management style to another. This is because no employee wants a boss who is too strict or one who is too relaxed and doesn't carry their own weight. In addition, nobody wants to work for an employer who doesn't listen to suggestions. Therefore, striking a balance between these techniques is necessary.
To achieve a perfect balance as a manager, you need to understand the work environment, what it's missing, and what it needs. This will enable you to choose the right style. By selecting the right method for each situation, you can achieve your goals in the most effective way possible.
Pro Tip: Use Traqq to Make Team Management Easier
Any responsible leader would agree that any management style would only be a success if there is mutual respect. While ensuring productivity is important to any business, a manager should still remember that they are working with humans. So, when it comes to employee monitoring, you should only use Traqq—the ethical time tracker. While this tool takes screenshots and video recordings, the quality of the images is intentionally reduced. They are blurred to the extent that would prevent sensitive information like private messages and passwords from getting exposed.
Traqq - time tracker
Of course, as a time tracker, Traqq offers several features that will make team management easier. This tool works both online and offline, so your employees can still track their billable hours even when they don't have a network connection. With the weekly and monthly reports, generating invoices is a lot easier.
Remember, you must assess every situation properly and understand your team. This will help you choose the fitting management style to grow your workforce and organization effectively. A flexible approach is what you need to grow your business and build a healthy company culture. We wish you all the best as you lead your company to new heights with a better leadership style.
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text:
You'll need to be using an Apple device (Mac, iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch) and the device's OS (operating system) needs to support the use of AirPlay.
1. Turn on the projector/tv and choose the appropriate input for the Apple TV/AirPlay.
2. Connect to Westside's wi-fi network and make sure Bluetooth is on.
3. Choose to AirPlay from your device.
-Click on the AirPlay menu icon in your menubar (near the date/time and wi-fi icon). The AirPlay menu icon looks like a rectangle with an up-arrow at the bottom. If you don't see the AirPlay menu icon then open your System Preferences, click the Displays icon, and checkmark the box at the bottom for "show mirroring..". If you're using MacOS 11 or newer then open the System Preferences, then open the Dock & Menu Bar settings, click on Screen Mirroring from the left-hand column, checkmark the box to "Show in Menu Bar" and select "always" from the drop-down box.
-select the name of the Apple TV you want to connect to (the name will be displayed on the projector/tv screen)
-use the options in the AirPlay menu if you want to change between mirroring your screen or using the AirPlay screen as an extended desktop screen.
-depending on how old your device is you'll either swipe up from the bottom of the screen or down from the upper-right corner to open the Control Center
-choose Screen Mirroring (Might also say AirPlay)
-select the name of the Apple TV you want to connect to (the name will be displayed on projector/tv screen)
4. Enter the AirPlay passcode seen on the projector/tv screen if your device asks for it.
5. When done using AirPlay disconnect from AirPlay using the AirPlay menu on a Mac or the Control Center on an iOS device.
Problems? - Quit (not just close) any app/application that you don't need running during AirPlay use. If you must use Chrome, limit the number of tabs you have open in Chrome.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Strain identifier
BacDive ID: 19
Type strain: Yes
Species: Acetobacter oeni
Strain Designation: B13
Variant: Isotype of BacDive ID 132838
Culture col. no.: DSM 23926, CECT 5830, LMG 21952
Strain history: <- CECT <- E. Velázquez <- L. R. Silva, Depart. Microbiol. y Gen., Univ. Salamanca, Spain
« Browse strain by BacDive ID »
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Acetobacter oeni B13 is an obligate aerobe, mesophilic, gram-negative bacterium that forms circular colonies and was isolated from spoiled red wine.
 1. colony-forming
 2. gram-negative
 3. motile
 4. rod-shaped
 5. mesophilic
 6. obligate aerobe
 7. 16S sequence
 8. Bacteria
 9. genome sequence
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Part 1: North Carolina's First Radio Stations, Part 2: Radio Enters Its "Golden Age" in North Carolina, Part 3: National Networks and Popular Local Shows and Personalities, Part 4: Radio Broadcasting and the Civil Rights Movement, Part 5: Growth of FM Stations and Increasing Corporate Ownership
Part 3: National Networks and Popular Local Shows and Personalities
With the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 came a temporary freeze on radio station applications, which hampered smaller carriers. Through the 1940s, the airwaves were dominated by the four major broadcast networks:NBC, ABC, CBS, and the now-defunct Mutual Broadcasting System. In addition to war-related news, the networks provided a wealth of block programming-from serialized dramas to live performances. Comedy shows featuring Fred Allen, Jack Benny, George Burns, and Gracie Allen, along with dramas such as the Lux Radio Theater, Orson Welles's Mercury Theatre on the Air, and The Guiding Light, made radio the centerpiece of family entertainment. Kay Kyser joined the ranks of big band leaders like Benny Goodman, Glenn Miller, and Duke Ellington on nationally broadcast shows.
Despite the networks' seeming monopoly of radio real estate, small stations still managed to spring up across North Carolina. Mount Airy's WPAQ, after its birth in 1948, began broadcasting live string band performances at 10,000 watts while also amassing a sizable catalog of traditional and folk music. In 1947 the North Carolina Association of Broadcasters was founded to provide support and information to state radio talent. Recognizable on-air personalities carved out reputations in the region. Greensboro native Edward R. Murrow moved on to a national audience, but local color ruled the state's airwaves. Commentators such as WBT's fiery, pulpit-tested J. S. Nathaniel Tross and WRAL's Fred Fletcher, known for his children's programming and traffic reports, were radio fixtures for years. Although by the 1950s television replaced radio as America's "everyday" medium, local radio fought the advance of network TV by filling spots on the airwaves normally overlooked by larger corporations, such as early morning time slots. For 30 years Grady Cole, beloved as "Mr. Dixie," was the voice of WBT's sunrise schedule, providing farm reports, community announcements, weather reports, and more into the early 1960s.
Devotion to certain broadcasters induced listeners to continue tuning in, either for a chance of catching the "Voice of the Duke Blue Devils," announcer Lee Kirby, or the sweet sounds of Crackerjacks bandleader Arthur Smith. In addition to Grady Cole, WBT helped bring Charles H. Crutchfield, a station program director and the eventual president of Jefferson-Pilot Broadcasting, to prominence in the postwar years.
Kay Kyser and his band entertain U.S. Navy personnel during a live NBC radio broadcast of Kay Kyser's Kollege of Musical Knowledge, ca. 1943. North Carolina Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library.
1 January 2006 | McFee, Philip; Williams, Wiley J.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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How INSANE are these beautiful technicolor salt ponds in the southern portion of the San Francisco Bay? Holy f**K mother nature!
So how does the coloring work?
"The palette of colors that makes the salt ponds such a vibrant sight reflects a complex ecosystem. Colors in salt ponds range from pale green to deep coral pink, and indicate the salinity of the ponds. Microorganisms create these spectacular colors, changing their own hues in response to increasing salinity. In low-to mid-salinity ponds, green algae proliferate, lending the water a green cast. As the salinity increases, an algae called Dunaliella out-competes the other microorganisms in the pond, and the color shifts to an even lighter shade of green. In mid-to high-salinity ponds, high salt concentrations actually cause the Dunaliella to produce a red pigment. Millions of tiny brine shrimp in mid-salinity ponds contribute an orange cast to the water. Halophilic (salt-loving) bacteria such as Stichococcus also contribute red tints to high-salinity brine. Weather can affect the colors of the ponds. When wind creates choppy conditions, the colors appear murkier. Heavy rain can dilute the brine, causing the colors to shift toward the hues found in lower-salinity ponds or even turn the water clear" - Kite Aerial Photography
p.s. these patterns would make for great prints. _TAG_ _TAG_
Photos: Jerry Ting, apdonovan and webmink via Environmental Graffiti


text:
Let's Talk About Disobeying
by Joy Berry Illustrated by John Costanza
Reviewed by Annie S. (age 7)
Annie S. is a student in Ms. Meehan's 2nd Grade Class
This story is about a girl that does not listen to her parents. She disobeys her parents by eatting cookies before dinner when her parents told her not to. She would also touch the stove when her parents warned her not to and she would do alot more. Even when you want to do something, always ask your parents. Your parents always know more then you and if you don't listen to them, then you can get hurt. Just remember that they just want to help you and what's the best for you.
My favorite part of the story is the end when she finally knows to always listen. I like that the best because she finally learned her lesson. My favorite characters are the parents because they are smart and know what is best.
This story relates to my life because in the story Heidi learned something important. Just like I learned important things too. The story has pictures. I liked the pictures, so I could see what they were doing.
I would tell others to read this story because then kids could learn why not to disobey their parents.


Skip to definition.
Noun: stultification ,stúl-ti-fi'key-shun
 - befooling [archaic]
 2. The act of making something futile and useless (as by routine)
 - constipation, impairment, deadening
Derived forms: stultifications
Type of: debasement, degradation, derision
Encyclopedia: Stultification


ugal atomisation Here fresh water is applied to a rotating disc, where it is pulled into a thin film by centrifugal force. At the outer edge of the disc, the water is accelerated onto special baffle teeth, which atomises it into aerosols and propels it into the room.
 - Steam air humidification Here, water is heated and the air is humidified with the pure water steam generated.
 - Electrode steam air humidifiers are suitable for use with conductive water (e.g. mains water). Electrodes are arranged in a special steam cylinder. When water is introduced, the electrical circuit between the electrodes is closed and the water heats up: These produces pure, odourless water vapor.
 - Heater steam air humidifiers work on the immersion heater principle. Heating elements in the steam cylinder heat the water. So this type of humidification is suitable for all water qualities, whereby fully desalinated feed water keeps maintenance to a minimum.
 - pressurised steam systems Here the humidifier is connected individually to the existing steam network. The arising dry steam makes very short humidification distances possible.
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text:
Drivers of red cars are more likely to find themselves cleaning off bird poop than those who drive a different color car, according to research reported in the Daily Mail.
Commissioned by the car accessory company Halfords, scientists looked at 1,140 vehicles in British cities like Brighton, Glasgow, Leeds, Manchester and Bristol.
They found that red cars were most often found covered in bird droppings - 18 percent - while green cars were the least likely – 1 percent.
The scientists say there isn't a concrete reason why red cars are the most-dropped on, but it might be because birds see the red as something representing danger.
· Red - 18 %
· Blue - 14 %
· Black - 11 %
· White - 7 %
· Grey/Silver - %
· Green - 1 %
The study also looked at how quick drivers were to clean the droppings off.
Only 17 percent said they wiped the poo off as soon as they saw it. Twenty percent said they cleaned it within a couple of days, while 55 percent said they waited until it was time for their next regular car wash.
Eight percent said they never wash their cars.


text:
NASA Conducts Successful Pad Abort Demonstration
Johnson Space Center, Houston
November 6, 2003
A launch pad abort test vehicle, being designed in support of NASA's Orbital Space Plane (OSP) program, proved stable in wind tunnel tests completed this month. The successful tests set the stage for engine test firings and parachute drop tests later this year.
The Pad Abort Demonstration (PAD) Project is designed to demonstrate a crew rescue capability important to future space transportation systems. The PAD will be a full-scale, reusable system incorporating crew escape and survival systems, subsystems and components using proven technologies to help NASA achieve its goals of establishing safe, reliable and affordable access to space.
The PAD vehicle, being designed by Lockheed Martin, demonstrated the stability and maneuverability under simulated conditions approximating escape from a catastrophic launch vehicle failure. The tests were conducted in September and October at Lockheed Martin's High Speed Wind Tunnel in Grand Prairie, Texas.
Maintaining stability, without a complex attitude control system, will ensure a safe transition to recovery under a parachute cluster. The PAD flight profile consists of a powered phase lasting five seconds, reaching six to eight times the force of normal gravity and simulating separation from the launch system after a pad mishap. The powered phase is followed by an unpowered glide from Mach 0.9 (660 mph) down to Mach 0.3 (220 mph), when the parachute system deploys.
"These wind tunnel tests are an important success on the way to developing a safe and effective crew escape system," said Chuck Shaw, PAD Project Manager at NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston. "The tests follow September's completion of the PAD Preliminary Design Review, pave the way for initial testing of the vehicle's engine in November and a first set of parachute drop tests in December," he said.
NASA awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin in November 2002 to design and build a crew escape and survivability system demonstrator and to establish a flexible test bed for use in support of the OSP. The PAD Project is a pathfinder for integrating a crew escape capability into spacecraft design, something that has not been done since the Apollo program.
For the initial flight test in mid-2005, the PAD will consist of a representative crew escape module mounted on the pusher propulsion module. A flared structure attached to the propulsion module provides the necessary aerodynamic stability. Flight tests will use instrumented mannequins to measure the environments a human crew would experience.
The PAD project is managed at JSC. The OSP Program is managed from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala.
The OSP program will support U.S. International Space Station requirements for crew rescue, crew transport, and contingency cargo. The vehicle will initially launch on an expendable launch vehicle, to provide rescue capability for no fewer than four Station crewmembers, as early as 2008. Crew transfer to and from the Space Station is planned as soon as practical but no later than 2012.
For more information about the program on the Internet, visit:
_URL_ For information about NASA on the Internet, visit:
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The Language of Color
Sun, Aug 1, 2010 ~ Wed, Jul 31, 2013Times:
Open Daily, 9:00am - 5:00pm, Extended hours 4th Wednesdays Summer 2011Description:
Whether it's the brilliant blue wings of a butterfly, the scarlet feathers of a tanager, or the stripes of a zebra, animals display color in vastly different ways and for different reasons. Combining dramatic specimens with video presentations, computer interactives, hands-on activities, and a stunning display of live dart frogs, The Language of Color will help visitors understand the nature of color and pattern, how different animals "see" it, and how animal color and its perception have co-evolved to produce the complex and diverse palette of colors we see in the world today. The exhibit features a wide array of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, mollusks, and insect specimens that illustrate colors used to camouflage, startle predators, mimic other animals, attract a mate, or intimidate a rival.
Harvard Museum of Natural History
26 Oxford St.
7-8 Min Walk From Harvard Square
Cambridge, MA 02138Event Website
Contact Phone: _PHONE_


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Life as We Knew It Study Guide & Plot Summary
This Study Guide consists of approximately 87 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Life as We Knew It.
This section contains 768 words
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Life as We Knew It Summary & Study Guide includes comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. This study guide contains the following sections:
This detailed literature summary also contains Topics for Discussion on Life as We Knew It by Susan Beth Pfeffer.
Plot Summary
Life As We Knew It explores what happens to an ordinary family in a normal American town when their world changes forever. An asteroid hits the moon, knocking it into a closer orbit. This causes all kinds of disasters that bring the world to a halt. Without shops, food, electricity, heat and water, Miranda and her family face problems together and struggle to survive.
The story begins with a brief introduction to Miranda's life. She is a normal sixteen-year-old girl who attends high school and thinks about friends and boys. The story is told in the form of her diary, allowing the reader to see her private thoughts and feelings. Everyone at her school is excited about the asteroid that will hit the moon, but when it happens it is not the exciting event they all thought it would be. Instead, the asteroid knocks the moon closer to the earth, causing tsunamis, storms and earthquakes all over the world. Miranda's mother begins to worry about the future, and takes Miranda and her younger brother Jonny out of school to help her shop for supplies. They each take a cart at the supermarket and keep going back for more until their car is full. They buy canned food, dry food, medicine, water and other supplies. Miranda thinks her mother is a little crazy for buying so much, but they will later come to be very thankful for it. Later, Miranda's older brother Matt comes home from college.
Soon shops close and food begins to run out. School is closed early for the summer because they have nothing left to feed the students. Jonny's baseball camp is still on, and he will be able to have fresh food by working at the nearby farm. When Jonny has gone, Miranda's mother introduces rationing. Miranda becomes jealous, irritable and frightened, and gets into a lot of arguments with her mother. She starts a brief relationship with a boy called Dan who swims at Miller's Pond with her, but this does not last long because Dan decides to leave the town. Miranda's friend Sammi also leaves, and her other friend Megan dies.
When Jonny comes back from camp, his father picks him up and visits them. He is heading to Colorado with his new wife Lisa, who is pregnant and wants to be near her parents. He helps them to chop wood for the winter and gives them some more food, then leaves. More problems begin to emerge, such as the huge grey ash cloud blocking out the sun, caused by volcanic eruptions. This means they cannot grow food, and things will soon get very cold. Miranda begins to realize that town is not safe anymore on her own, and has to give up high school because it is in town. She brings home textbooks for her and Jonny to home school. When the gas runs out they use the oil furnace to make sure the pipes do not freeze, and shut off the top floor of the house, moving the mattresses downstairs. Miranda's mother hurts her ankle and is forced to stay in the sunroom with the wood stove on. When it snows, they work to clear the snow from the sunroom roof so it doesn't collapse, and Matt gets the skis out so they can learn to cross-country ski in case they have to travel in the snow.
When the water runs out they turn off the oil furnace and all move into the sunroom. They are having to ration food a lot, but are managing to survive and are happy. They even manage to celebrate Christmas. However, in the new year the family gets sick with flu, and only Miranda is unaffected. She rushes to the hospital, but their mother's doctor friend, Peter, is dead. Miranda nurses her family back to health, and saves them when the wood stove backfires and fills the sunroom with smoke. They are recovering, but food is still running out. Eventually Miranda decides to sacrifice herself so that Jonny can have more food and so have a hope of surviving. She does not want her mother to have to watch her die, so she decides to walk into town and not come back. When she gets to town, she finds men giving out food in the town hall. She takes food home, and the men promise to bring more each week. The family is now through the worst of the crisis and is still alive. The world will never be the same again, but Miranda is just glad that they have each other.
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Anxiety is just excitement without breath.
It was a powerful question that caused Phyllis to explore new helping modalities that were solution based. Find out what's in her toolbox, learn how to do 'tapping,' what is brain health really and how do you know if you're brain is healthy? Plus, Phyllis shares some powerful Mind Flipping stories and helps us reframe common problems and struggles.
Phyllis Ginsberg, M.A., MFT, author of Brain Makeover – A Weekly Guide to a Happier, Healthier, and More Abundant Life and Tired and Hungry No More – Not Your Ordinary Guide to Reclaiming Your Health and Happiness, is known and beloved by many happier, less stressed working professionals as their Survival to Thrival Expert. Her 30 years of experience as a Marriage and Family Therapist, and expertise in Positive Psychology, Brain Research, and EFT Tapping, give her clients an edge in making lasting, profound changes in their lives. Quickly, they shift their stressful thinking to achieve calm, clarity, and creativity. That means that the quality of their lives and work gets better – often in a moment.
In 2005, in her former career as a court expert for high conflict divorce cases, Phyllis was no stranger to stress and overwhelm. Both put her on a path to near career and life burnout. She applied her own "Survival to Thrival" methods to create a happy, calm, and prosperous new life and business for herself. Her one-on-one clients and workshop participants appreciate her commitment today to guiding them along the path to successfully sidestep stress and burnout and create better lives and happier careers — no matter what demands life dishes up.
- How Phyllis helps people change their lives
- Phyllis' career Mind Flip
- What does Positive Psychology focus on?
- Not your ordinary guide to reclaiming your health and happiness
- What is survival thinking?
- The importance of Brain Health
- Learn Tapping with this demonstration
- Tapping Mind Flipping Story
- Tapping into your inner wisdom
- The Spackle Round
- A common belief Phyllis disagrees with
- The gift of Phyllis' experiences
- What is brain health exactly?
- How do you know your brain is healthy?
- Martin Seligman
- Roger Callahan
- Episode with Mark Gober
- Phyllis's Website
- Phyllis on YouTube
- Rick on Twitter & Instagram
If you would like to contact Rick, you can send him an audio message, use the contact page HERE or in connect with him in the Mind Flipping Facebook Group. Let's keep the mind flipping conversation going, together!


A father and son are growing fruit and vegetables 8 metres below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea — here's why
 - Nemo's Garden is an underwater farm in Italy.
 - The project consists of 5 biospheres connected by a central 'tree of life'.
 - Each biosphere has carefully monitored temperature and humidity.
This is Nemo's Garden, it's an underwater farm created by the Ocean Reef Group.
The project was started as an experiment as the owner's crops were suffering in cold weather. Nemo's Garden utilises the near constant temperature of the sea to make growing plants easier.
The garden was first set up in 2013 by Father and son team Sergio and Luca Gamberini just off the coast of Noli, Italy.
While the original experiments were washed away in a storm, a more permanent structure was built shortly after.
Nemo's Garden is connected to a control tower on the shore that monitors each biosphere and provides power.
Ocean Reef Group also produce smaller biospheres that can be placed inside aquariums.
Produced by Charlie Floyd
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1. Gauge function is the highest order of cognition in a total field. 2. The level of technological development in any given society is the primary measurement of its state of intellectual amplitude. The result of technological advancement is axiomatically the production of free time, that is, time available to an expanding array of choices … Continue reading


So Cal Historyland
The Riverside-San Diego County Backcountry
Even though I grew up in Orange County, I've spent a lot of time rummaging around the backcountry of Riverside and San Diego counties. The hill country, the brush country, the high country. Especially the area from Temecula south to the desert.
--Phil Brigandi
The Aguanga Store
If later accounts are correct, 1996 was the centennial of the old Aguanga Store. The place has a long and interesting history.
The story begins with George F. Smith (_PHONE_), an Aguanga homesteader, who opened a store on his ranch in 1896 (or just a little after). Smith called his store the "Valley Store", it was located across the highway from the present store, beyond the creek. In 1901 Smith also took over the local post office, which had been established in 1894 as the Bergman Post Office (named after the famous old pioneer family there). Smith changed the name to the Aguanga Post Office and served as Postmaster until 1912.
Smith, I gather, was a rather crusty character. Besides the store he added an adjoining harness shop. In 1902 the Hemet News noted that he "keeps in addition to his stock of merchandise a good supply of hay and rolled barley for travelers."
In 1912, Smith turned the store and post office over to Dave and Pearl Ellsworth, who ran it for him. Pearl, a step-daughter of Anza-area rancher Frank Clark, became the Postmaster. The Ellsworths were much friendlier, and much better liked than their landlord. After the floods of 1916 the store building (along with the old schoolhouse) were moved to higher ground across the road at the current location of the store. The schoolhouse still stands.
The Ellsworths left the area in 1919 and the store was sold to Charles and Nellie Stotts. Mrs. Stotts (who took over as Postmaster), enjoyed running the store, but her husband apparently did not. He tried to sell out in '21, but the deal must have fallen through, and they owned the store until 1924. By that time, it was called the Aguanga Valley Store.
The new owners in 1924 were James and Georgianne McClenney from Riverside. McClenney had been a flyer during World War I. He set to work improving the old store building, even bringing in piped water. Once again, it was his wife who became the Postmaster.
McClenney's tenure as storekeeper ended in a dramatic fashion. In June of 1925 he found his wife dancing with Alfred Nuckols, a local immigration officer, at a dance at one of the backcountry schoolhouses. She swore there was nothing "flirtatious" about it, but McClenney vowed to track down Nuckols and "have it out" with him.
He found him on the road, near Encinitas. Nuckols got into the front seat of the car with McClenney while Mrs. McClenney and their four children sat in the back. An argument began, and McClenney grabbed Nuckols' gun. Then, according to the Hemet News, "Nuckols reached over into the back of the machine, where it is said there were two automatic pistols and seized one of them. Then the two began shooting and they shot only a few inches apart." McClenney was shot nine times, and died on the scene. Nuckols took eight slugs, but survived. A Coroner's Jury ruled the killing "justifiable homicide".
Mrs. McClenney ran the store for a while longer with the help of her mother, then sold out to Al and Elsie Wolf. Their time in Aguanga was brief. In 1927 the Wolfs traded the store to Charles and Grace Clark.
The story of the century-old Aguanga store (begun here last week) has a few more twists and turns in it before it's done. We left off in 1927 with Al and Elsie Wolf (who got the store after Jim McClenney was shot to death in a fight with a man he found dancing with his wife) turning the store over to Charles and Grace Clark. Their son, Richard Clark, still lives in Hemet. He writes,
"In November 1927, my folks Charles and Grace Clark were to buy the Aguanga Store from my mother's cousin and her husband, Alfred and Elsie Wolf. They moved out and took over the store and a few weeks later my sister Louise was born. After a short period of time business began to pick up, so Elsie decided not to release the postmasters job. Dad made some arrangements with O.A. (Arlie) Bergman to either rent or lease some property just east of the Aguanga Store and built a store there. It was known as the Cienega Store.... It didn't take long until people were going there for their groceries instead of Aguanga, so Elsie wanted the folks to take over the Aguanga Store again. This time they made her resign from the post office....
"When the folks moved back to Aguanga, the Cienega Store was dismantled and brought back to Aguanga and put up on the east side of the store as a garage. The mechanic was Bud Hines."
When the highway was realigned in the early 1930's the old store was torn down, and the Clarks built the present building just north of the old site. They also put in two genuine gasoline pumps, to replace the old 55-gallon drum fuel had been sold from. In 1933, when a Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp was established nearby the Clark's also built a four-table pool hall just west of the store (long a cafe and now a real estate office).
The rebuilt Cienega Store was torn down in the 40s and in 1948 or '49 the Clarks built a new garage next to the store. In later years the Thatcher's had a Western wear store in the building. It burned in 1984 in an arson fire.
The Clarks were a well-known and popular part of the Aguanga community for many years. After a quarter century in business, in 1952 Annie Bergman bought them out.
Annie Bergman was the widow of Arlie Bergman, who had been killed in a horse accident in 1948. With the help of her brother, Carl Mendenhall, Annie ran the store until 1968. She also served as Postmaster until 1963. She died in 1998 at the age of 102.
Continuing a long line of women Postmasters in Aguanga (there is really no such title as "postmistress") Dee Kroll served as Postmaster there from _PHONE_.
Ralph and Medella Thatcher acquired the store from Annie Bergman in 1968, and added their clothing store next door a few years later. Ralph Thatcher died in 1985 at the age of 63, shortly after retiring from the store. His family owned the store for many years until the Bergman family took it over again in 1999.
Bill Fain - Backcountry Badman
Bill Fain had quite a reputation in the backcountry. Born in Tennessee in 1858, Fain arrived in this area around 1880, "and announced himself as a bad man from Texas." Originally he lived with his uncle, Jim Fain, who had settled at the little crossroads community of Radec in the 1870s. But before long, they had a falling out, and Bill Fain set out on his own.
In the spring of 1883, Fain moved up to San Ignacio, on what is now the Los Coyotes Indian Reservation above Warner Hot Springs. The fact that there was already an Indian village in the valley did not seem to bother Fain. Author Helen Hunt Jackson came through Warners just a few weeks after Fain arrived, gathering material on the Indians that would eventually make its way into her classic novel, Ramona. Fain had already filed a homestead on the Indians' land, and was building up the place, "his belt full of cartridges and pistols". "He was a rough fellow," Jackson wrote, "at first disposed to be defiant and blustering". He had offered the Indians $200 for their land, which they had refused, but announced that he would stay anyway. (Jackson later used this event as a little scene in Ramona.)
In the meantime, Fain's relations with his uncle were going from bad to worse. In May of 1884, Fain rode up to his uncle's house. A mutual friend, Albert Lancaster, was sitting with Jim Fain on the porch. The two Fains started yelling, and when Jim Fain drew his pistol, Lancaster ran for cover. In another moment, Jim Fain was dead.
At the inquest, held before Judge John Magee of Temecula, Bill Fain testified that his uncle had thrown him off the ranch some years before, and had "several times made threats that he would kill him". He claimed that his uncle had fired first. Albert Lancaster could not say, as he was running for barn. In the end, the jury, that included Temecula pioneers Louis Wolf, Louis Rouen, R.J. Welty, and E.J. Tollan, ruled that Fain had "done the deed in self defense". The County Grand Jury later indicted Fain, but in a jury trial,


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Charles Frederick Worth
Worth, Charles Frederick, 1825–95, French and British fashion designer. He was the founder of the Maison Worth in Paris and London, the longest running fashion dynasty, and the arbiter of women's fashions for more than a century. He first designed silks and then became court dressmaker to Empress Eugénie of France and Empress Elizabeth of Austria. He was responsible for the creation of the ancestor of the tailor-made suit and invented the puffed tunic called the Polonaise. He was the first to use live models to exhibit his designs. His descendants continued the business after his death. In 1954 the house was sold to Paquin, and Worth as a London wholesale house continued until the 1970s. Parfums Worth, created in the 1900s is still in business.
See E. Saunders, The Age of Worth (1955).
More on Charles Frederick Worth from Fact Monster:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Fashion: Biographies


The Sweet Spot: Mānuka and Low Glycemic Content
Posted by on
We have been receiving some questions about the Activist Raw Mānuka Honey from individuals who have specific sensitivity to sugar.
For those who have low sugar tolerances, it's best to use the 850+MGO or the 1000+MGO Raw Mānuka Honey.
These are great options for those who do not want high levels of sugar in their diet, as you only need small amounts of this honey to receive the deep nourishment and medicinal powers.
The higher the number on the bottle, the higher the amount of Methylglyoxal (MGO) in the honey. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the measured concentration that determines the potency of the honey the jar.
You only need 1 teaspoon to access Mānuka's magical strength!
Sugar-Free Confusion
Sugar has gotten a bad wrap recently. With constant information being thrown around social media and influencers following certain diets, people have started to demonize sugar.
But, people seem to be confusing sugar-free with REFINED sugar-free. Refined sugar refers such ingredients as cane sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, or processed beet sugar that cause a rapid and significant increases in blood sugar and inflammation in the body.
However, the "sugar" that comes from fruit which is found in a majority of our cold-pressed juices and raw honey is called fructose and/or glucose. These are digested with highly absorbable enzymes that efficiently cleanse the bloodstream.
Raw honey and fruit are highly anti-inflammatory and have some of the highest antioxidants in the world.
Some important facts to note are that natural sugars are not stored as fat like refined-sugars, does not cause a spike and crash of blood sugar and energy, and lastly, the glucose/fructose from fruit and raw honey does not aggravate health conditions.
In fact, they can heal health conditions because it causes the opposite effect on the body that refined sugar does by creating an inhospitable environment for pathogens and providing nourishment for the liver.
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Maze Master Games
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Print Customized Trivia
Corn mazes are lots of fun, but if all you do is wander for an hour looking for the exit they can get a little boring. With trivia, your maze adventure can be more fun. Plus, you can have an adventure that is specifically tailored to your group. Here's how trivia works.
Trivia Card
 1. Let's say you already have your trivia card. You arrive at the corn maze and begin walking through. Scattered throughout the maze are checkpoints. You come to the first checkpoint which is a sign with a #1.
 2. Now, you need to look at your maze trivia card. Read question #1 on your card along with the possible answers.
 3. Select what you think the correct answer is, and go in that direction. If you are right, you will be headed towards the next checkpoint. But if you are wrong, you might be headed towards a dead end or completely in the wrong direction.
 4. Once you find the next checkpoint, you will read that question and continue through the rest of the corn maze.
Your Trivia for Your Group
Trivia Setup
Wouldn't it be great if the trivia questions were specially written for your group? Now, Maze Master Trivia lets you fully customize your maze experience when you write you own questions for your group. Whether you are a school, church group, scouts, company, or any other type of group, you can easily write your own questions. Just fill out an online form, print, and bring copies for your group.
 1. Fill in the form online with your very own questions,right and wrong answers. Or, select from more than 60 pre-made categories.
 2. Let the Maze Master automatically make your card with all the right answers heading the correct way in the maze. Just click 'Go' and like magic your card is made.
 3. Hit print and bring a copy for each person in your group. No downloading and no special software needed!
In-Maze Smartphone Games
Trivia Card
Bring along your smartphone for the most advanced smartphone experience and play along with a variety of smartphone based maze games!
Smartphone Trivia Cards
Stop being stuck to choosing from only a few categories of preprinted trivia questions when you visit a corn maze. Now, use your smartphone to get access to more than 60 categories right on your phone so that you always play with a category you like. Trivia is now integrated with your smartphone punch card to give you the entire experience all at once.
Smartphone Checkpoint Punch Cards
Skip that paper punch card and play the interactive QR Checkpoint Hunt. Try to find the hidden checkpoints in the maze and keep track on your digital punch card.
Sample Maze Sign
 1. Start Game: Visit or scan a QR code at the maze entrance to get started. You digital punch card will be activated and loaded right in your web browser. No need to download any apps! Why?
 2. Digital Punch: At each checkpoint in the maze you will find a QR code. Scan it with your favorite QR scanner app, or simply type a 5 digit code into the game box in your web browser. Your code will automatically be marked off.
 3. Maze Success: Once you find all the checkpoints, find the exit and you will then be entered in a contest, get a special coupon from the farm, or even get the chance to compare your maze time to other visitors!
Phone Map
Digital Maze Maps
What happens if your navigation skills just are not quite what you thought they would be? It might be time to check your map. Now you can get your map right on your phone to help you along the way. Even if you think you can dominate the maze without it, you will always have peace of mind knowing that it is there just in case.
Please note that some options are not available at every farm. Check with your favorite farm for more details.
Smartphone Maze GPS
Phone Map
Possibly the coolest advancement in corn mazes since those first paths were cut more than 20 years ago, Smartphone GPS is here. Turn your phone into a fully functioning GPS map of the maze that shows your exact position. While we will not give you turn-by-turn directions to take all the fun out of the maze, you can choose from one of 10 fun characters to see your progress.
Will GPS ruin the challenge?
Every visitor has a different level of comfort entering a corn maze. Some visitors pride themselves on never using a map to get out while other visitors will never enter a maze with fear of being lost forever. With maze GPS you can have a backup or full control.
 - Check your position at any time when you need a little help getting relocated.
 - or
 - If you want the corn maze experience but fear getting lost forever, use your GPS to track your instant progress continually.
 - or
 - Are you someone who dominates corn mazes? We won't tell if you try out the GPS just for a minute because face it, it's really cool.
While the GPS feature like our other smartphone features are specifically designed for mobile use and data, please note that GPS features inherently use more device data and battery. Use is typically comparable to use of other smartphone GPS navigation uses.
GPS accuracy can vary by device and is only is as accurate as your device's hardware. Some iOS devices are known to have only approximate accuracy (25 ft+).
Smartphone GPS is not intended as an emergency safety device. Always follow local maze rules, and know how to exit a maze safely without relying on technology.
Please note that Smartphone GPS is not available at every farm. Check with your favorite farm for more details.
While most visitors just want to play the game, we do want to explain to all our tech geek users out there why we use a web app vs. a native app. Just in case you are interested in our reasoning, read on.
Web apps vs. Native Apps
Apps for your phone or tablet are divided into two categories:
Our App is a Web App
Web apps sometimes get a bad reputation because they are viewed as not having as many features, but sometimes there are many other advantages. Here's why were choose our maze games to be web based:
 1. Device Independent: You can access our games from any device with a web browser. While we test on the most popular iOS and Android devices, you should be able to play from any device with a web browser such as Windows 8, Palm, Blackberry, Kindle, Nook, or even a desktop computer.
 2. One Time Use: Chances are you will only be using our app for a single day while you visit the maze. Why download a big app that you will only delete a few hours later or forget to delete at all? Even if you did save it for next year, chances are you would need to update then anyway.
 3. Fast Start and Easy to Use: While you might be awesome with your phone, believe it or not there are tons of smartphone users that do not really understand how to download an app (we were surprised too, but our testing confirmed this). With a web app there is no searching in app stores for the right app, and you can start the game as fast as you can open your web browser and type a short address.
 4. Always Current: Corn maze season is short. If we catch an error in the programming we can make any changes immediately for all users. If we used a native app it might take days for these fixes to appear in the app store for certain devices.
But, but, a Native App can...
Ok, we know there are a few cool things that a native app could do. Our biggest sacrifice is that we are unable to provide an integrated QR code scanner right within our web app. Hopefully in the next few years HTML5 or HTML6 will provide support in our web browsers for our device's cameras much like the GPS is supported today. But for now, you can either manually type a 5 digit code at each checkpoint or download any QR reader from your device's app store. Many QR readers are free in most stores. If you really want a built in QR scanner, you could try downloading a QR addon for your mobile browser if that option exists on your device.
While we know a large number of apps benefit from being native, we think you will find that our web app is the best choice for this unique type of app. Enjoy!


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Properties[change | change source]
It is normally a colorless solution in water. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It can turn into selenium trioxide when dehydrated carefully. It is a very strong acid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to make chlorine and selenous acid. It can dissolve gold to make gold selenate. When heated above 200°C, it releases oxygen and turns into selenous acid. It reacts with bases to make selenates.
Preparation[change | change source]
Selenic acid is made by oxidation of selenium dioxide with hydrogen peroxide. It is hard to evaporate it, but when it is evaporated, it makes colorless crystals. It can be made by oxidation of selenous acid with a strong oxidizing agent, such as potassium permanganate, chlorine, or bromine. The HCl and HBr made as a byproduct can reduce the selenic acic to selenous acid again, though, so it has to be taken out.


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In Photoshop CS6, you can use the shape tools to create vector shapes, which appear automatically on shape layers (also called vector layers). Like the vector objects in Adobe Illustrator, the underlying structure of a vector shape in Photoshop is an editable path, complete with anchor points and direction lines. Via Options bar controls, you can apply or edit the fill and stroke settings for a selected vector shape at any time. Here we will show you how to make the stroke of a vector shape dashed or dotted.
Creating a vector shape
On the Tools panel, we chose the Custom Shape tool (U or Shift-U); you could also choose any other shape tool on the same fly-out menu. Via the menu in the Custom Shape picker, we loaded the Objects library, then clicked the Umbrella preset. From the Tool Mode menu on the Options bar, we chose Shape (to cause the object to appear on a shape layer).


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Functional MRI in Awake Unrestrained Dogs
affiliation not provided to SSRN
April 27, 2012
PLoS ONE 7(5): e38027. doi:10.1371/journal.pone._PHONE_
Because of dogs' prolonged evolution with humans, many of the canine cognitive skills are thought to represent a selection of traits that make dogs particularly sensitive to human cues. But how does the dog mind dog actually work? To develop a methodology to answer this question, we trained two dogs to remain motionless for the duration required to collect quality fMRI images by using positive reinforcement without sedation or physical restraints. The task was designed to determine which brain circuits differentially respond to human hand signals denoting the presence or absence of a food reward. Head motion within trials was less than 1 mm. Consistent with prior reinforcement learning literature, we observed caudate activation in both dogs in response to the hand signal denoting reward versus no-reward.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 7
Keywords: fMRI, dogs, reward, canineAccepted Paper Series
Date posted: April 29, 2012 ; Last revised: May 21, 2012
© 2013 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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text: Benjamin Franklin was born on this day in 1706. He is credited with discovering electricity by flying his kite in a thunder storm. Today many homeowners still are discovering electricity -- when loose wires come in contact with conductors, such as their fingers. This unpleasantness can be prevented by making sure wire connections are correct when you inspect or replace switches and outlets or any device where wire is secured under a screw. All screws on electrical devices are right-handed, which means when you're facing the screw, you turn to the right (or clockwise) to tighten it. Turning it left or counterclockwise will loosen it. Always be sure wires are properly looped around the body of the screw and looped in a clockwise direction, so that when the screw is tightened, it will also tighten up the loop. And never use stranded wire under a screw; it's very unsafe and not allowed by the national electrical code. If ever you're in doubt about your wiring, don't guess, call an electrician. And that's the On The House tip for today.


Help during a crisis
No matter how well managed your business, things will go wrong. Whether an 'act of god' or human error. It could be a factory fire, a product recall, an H&S issue, a severe lapse in customer care or any number of other situations.
The days of turning a blind eye and hoping the problem goes away are long gone. Sadly, your staff, customers, competitors, the media and the general public tend to relish a crisis. All too often, they will fan the flames of someone else's misfortune.
We can help protect your hard-earned reputation by managing your communications – internally and externally – during a crisis. What we do can make the difference between your business surviving and flourishing or floundering and failing.
Steps to following during a crisis
What is a crisis?
A crisis occurs when something unexpected or unplanned happens that has the potential to damage the reputation of your business. Scenarios will differ depending on your sector.
If you run a large company, it might be an investigation into your working practices. If you are a restaurateur, it could be an outbreak of food poisoning. If you are a headteacher, it might be inappropriate behaviour by a member of your staff. If you are a property developer, it might be a local community campaign objecting to your plans.
Other crisis scenarios requiring effective management would include:
In any of the above situations, you will need to communicate with many different people – thoughtfully, efficiently, appropriately and fast.
Failure to do so could jeopardise the reputation of your business.
Why should a crisis be taken seriously?
For many reasons.
Poor communication or refusing to comment at all during a crisis can reflect poorly on the management of your business, making you look ill-prepared. It can lead people to question the robustness and reliability of your business.
This approach can also portray you as having something to hide or simply not caring about the impact on those affected.
Who can experience a crisis?
Any type of business – or business executive - could face a crisis.
Apart from the emotional impact on you, a crisis will cause a degree of business disruption and interruption.
What should I do if faced with a crisis?
There are lots of things you should do. Here are a few key steps:
 1. Remain calm.
 2. Gather your senior colleagues together.
 3. Establish the facts.
 4. Prepare holding statements for your website, social media channels, the media, clients, staff.
 5. Agree who your spokesperson will be.
 6. Brief your staff about the situation.
 7. Ensure any queries are put through immediately to your spokesperson.
 8. Have someone keeping a constant watch on the media and your social media channels, responding appropriately.
 9. Once the crisis is over, create a crisis team of trusted colleagues and advisors. Draw up a list of every potential crisis you might face in the future and agree a plan of action.
Often the temptation is to respond emotionally. Be aware, knee-jerk responses can inflame a situation. It might be better for you to appoint crisis communications experts like Reputation Matters to handle things in a calm, efficient and dispassionate way.
Who can help me during a crisis?
Depending on the crisis, you may need practical help from your IT providers or web developers. Managing the potential damage to your reputation will require communications expertise.
If you have an internal communications team or PR agency, they might be able to handle the required communications. However, bear in mind, crisis management is a specialist skill so you might prefer to call in experts like Reputation Matters.
Our support will be tailored to your specific crisis and could see us drafting and issuing any or all of the following: letters, emails, website and social media messages, internal news bulletins, press statements and any other appropriate communications to help ensure you appear in control of the situation.
A crisis requires fast, efficient and decisive communication to reassure those affected and help protect the reputation of you and your business.
We have many years' experience helping companies of all sizes communicate effectively and efficiently in such situations. With our support, you'll be free to carry on running your business, knowing all communication bases are covered.
Remember, effective crisis management can define or destroy your business. Having the relevant help at hand can save you precious time, resources and reputation.
For over 25 years, we've been protecting the reputation of these types of businesses and organisations:
our experience our experience


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PhD researcher or student information
Degrees BA: MSc
PhD Research Information
Brief description:The rhetoric of Legacy 2012 regeneration is to 'transform the heart of east London' emphasising creation of employment for local people and modern facilities, which were anticipated to attract mega-sporting events in the future. Since industrialisation, East London is known to contain the poorest ethnic minority population in London, the majority of whom lives in diverse ethnic enclaves. In the aftermath of deindustrialisation, the residents are experiencing unemployment, poor housing, and lower levels of educational qualities while often becoming dependent on benefit payments. In addition to the Legacy Master Planning Framework (2007), London Legacy Development Corporation (LLDC) published the 'Equality and Inclusion Policy (2012)' to create opportunities for the locals with a view to minimising the chronic deprivation and social exclusion. But experiencing the contemporary reality, it could be argued that the game-led regeneration is perhaps leading to an unjust trade-off between 'deprived' and 'middle class' gentrifiers ignoring the real and organic need of the poor ethnic minority residents. There have been many 'legacy statements' along the way from different actors explaining the inclusion of the Black and Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME) people. But the challenge is to understand the actual benefits derived from these projects because usually there is an enormous gap between rhetoric and reality in the market driven urban regeneration projects. In this context, the research aims to explore the extent in which the legacy 2012 regeneration process has supported the inclusion of the ethnic minority residents in Hackney Wick and Bromley-by-Bow area under a 'right to the city' perspective. The notion of the 'right to the city' could be a platform to legitimise the de facto rights of the local ethnic minority people as de jure claims and translating their need into 'communal cry'. The research also explores how the ethnic minority residents are perceiving and conceiving the socio-economic impact of the 2012 legacy transformative changes underpinned by Lefebvre's (1991) philosophical notion of 'right to the city'.
Keywords: UK, Diversity, community
Language(s) of writing: English
Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Building Design, School Energy Geoscience Infrastructure and Society


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Download Now Free registration required
The first decade of the 21st century has been a rollercoaster ride for economic activity. Business confidence was high at the start of the millennium. This was particularly fuelled by the growth of the internet as a means of buying and selling. A lot of companies have developed websites and there has been a rapid increase in online purchasing. At the same time a number of countries opened up their markets to international trade. For example, Poland and the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania joined the European Union. China and India have also grown to become world economic forces. This case study examines how Davis Service Group, one of Britain's key service companies, has managed the recent change in the business cycle.
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Evaluating Pain in a Non-Verbal Patient
Last Modified: June 10, 2008
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Dear OncoLink "Ask The Experts,"
Is there a scale that can be used to evaluate pain in a patient who is nonverbal or unresponsive and cannot use the traditional number or face scales?
If a patient is nonresponsive, we generally assume that he or she is not responding to pain. As for nonverbal patients, we use a rating of nonverbal indicators and assess if these indicators are present at rest and/or with movement (see below). One point is given for each "yes" response, resulting in a score on a 0-12 scale.
 At Rest With Movement
1. Vocal complaints: Non-verbal
(Expression of pain, not in words, moans, groans, grunts, cries, gasps, sighs)
2. Facial Grimaces/Winces
(Furrowed brow, narrowed eyes, tightened lips, jaw drop, clenched teeth, distorted expressions)
3. Bracing
(Clutching or holding onto side rails, bed, tray table, or affected areas during movement)
4. Restlessness
(Constant or intermittent shifting of position, rocking, intermittent or constant hand motions, inability to keep still)
5. Rubbing
(Massaging the affected area)
6. Vocal complaints: Verbal
(Words expressing discomfort or pain, "ouch", "that hurts", cursing during movement, or exclamations of protest: "stop", "that's enough")
TOTAL SCORE = (0-12)
In ICU patients, the RASS scale is used, which evaluates agitation and sedation.
A good reference is:
Herr, K et al. (2006) Pain Assessment in the Nonverbal Patient: Position Statement with Clinical Practice Recommendations. Pain Management Nursing, Vol 7, No 2 (June): pp 44-52.
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|25 May 2010|
Take a walk along the coast and help us monitor the effects of climate change and invasive species on the UK's seaweeds.
Seaweeds are easy to find and occur all around the UK coastline. There are a staggering 650 seaweed species in the UK, around 7% of the world's species, and they play a vital role in the functioning of the marine environment.
Scientists think that the effects of climate change and the spread of invasive species are starting to have an effect on where they are found but they need more information to be sure.
This is where you can help. Identify the seaweeds you spot on the UK's coast and tell us what you find. This will help researchers from the British Phycological Society and Natural History Museum to find out what is happening to our seaweeds.
The aim of the Big Seaweed Search is to map the distribution of 12 key kinds of seaweed that can be found around the UK coast. We hope to track how these distributions are changing through time.
You don't need to be an expert as our easy-to-use identification guide should allow everyone, from children to scientists, to take part.
When you get home from carrying out your survey, tell us about the seaweeds you find using our online system, or by posting completed forms to the Museum.
There is no deadline - you can send in records at any time of the year and take part as many times as you like.
Your data will be added to our online interactive map. As we analyse the data, we will post updates on what your records show and how they are being used.


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A health system's pilot experience with using social knowledge networking (SKN) technology to enable meaningful use of EHR medication reconciliation technology
Similar to issues faced in health systems across USA, AU Health, based in Augusta, Georgia, faced a scenario of low physician engagement in, and limited-use of its electronic health record (EHR) medication reconciliation (MedRec) technology, which translated to high rates of medication discrepancies and low accuracy of the patient's active medication list, during transitions of care. In fall 2016, a two-year grant was secured from the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), to pilot a Social Knowledge Networking (SKN) system pertaining to "EHR-MedRec", to enable AU Health to progress from "limited use" of EHR MedRec technology, to "meaningful use". The rationale behind an SKN system, is that it could provide a platform for inter-professional knowledge exchange on practice issues related to EHR MedRec, across diverse provider subgroups and care settings, to highlight adverse consequences of gaps in practice for patient safety, and emphasize the value of adhering to best-practices in EHR MedRec. This, in turn, is expected to increase provider engagement in addressing issues related to EHR MedRec, and promote inter-professional learning of best-practices, to create a foundation for practice change or improvement (e.g., meaningful use of EHR MedRec technology). This Case Report describes AU Health's experiences with this novel initiative to pilot an SKN system for enabling Meaningful Use of EHR MedRec technology. It also discusses lessons learned in regard to the potential of an SKN system to enable inter-professional learning and practice improvement in the context of EHR MedRec, which, in turn, helps identify strategies and practice implications for healthcare managers.


The M-Word: What Is Industrial Marketing?
Thu, 08/16/2012 - 1:27pm
Mike Collins ImageBy MIKE COLLINS, Author, Saving American Manufacturing
The definitions and interpretations of marketing are all over the map, and many people have different ideas as to what industrial marketing really is. Here are a few examples of some of the things I've heard out in the marketplace:
 1. When asked why he didn't teach industrial marketing as part of an MBA program, a professor told me that all of the principles of consumer marketing could be used for industrial products.
 2. An executive vice president of a mid-sized contract manufacturing company said, "None of us were ever trained in this marketing and competitor intelligence stuff. It is not what has made us successful in the past, so why do we have to do it now?"
 3. A president of a mid-size, multi-division manufacturing company told me, "I think we have a good marketing program. We analyze our internal financial and production records and we listen to our sales staff about trends in the market and what the competition is doing. Isn't that marketing?"
 4. Another person commented, "We have a marketing department that does all the marketing. They make brochures and videos, attend trade shows, and generate leads from ads that they send our salesmen. What else is there to do?"
I call industrial marketing "the M-Word" because so few small and midsize manufacturers (SMMs) actually use it. Most SMMs are oriented to sales and getting orders. They view marketing as an academic exercise that probably will not lead to sales. Industrial marketing, in my opinion, is a philosophy or plan of the manufacturer's owners on how the company will grow in the future. Once the company is committed to growth, they will have to make strategy decisions to attain the growth objectives. But the big problem with the M-Word is that making good strategy decisions requires information.
So Why Is this Important?
I think every manufacturer understands that to grow they will have to make decisions on strategies like prices, current products, new products, sales organization, sales channels, and promotion. But before they invest the money in strategy decisions they need some information. For instance:
 1. Prices - You should evaluate your prices to see how they compare to competitors. You need good "apples to apples" price information for each competitor and model.
 2. Current Products - You should evaluate your current products to see if you have a competitive advantage. This can be done by comparing individual models in a technical comparison in a competitor matrix.
 3. New Products - If the current products are not competitive, you will be faced with modifying or developing totally new solutions. You will need enough information to convince the owners, investors, or bank that there will be sales for the new product when it is introduced.
 4. Promotion - You need to make a decision on how much advertising and promotion money you should spend to find new customers, introduce new products, or re-introduce modified products to buyers.
 5. Sales Organization - You will also have to decide if your sales organization is adequate to go out and call on these new customers in the new markets. If they are not then you will be faced with hiring somebody who can, which is a sales strategy and a budget decision.
 6. Sales Channels - Perhaps the new products you are offering to your new customers may require a different type of distribution such as dealers, distributors, or independent reps. It costs money to go out and recruit, train, and motivate these channels.
Practical Steps
Using inquiry generation techniques to find new markets and the right customers is the most inexpensive and practical method the author has used to increase sales. It is ideal for small manufacturers who do not have field sales organizations or are being forced to find new markets and customers for the first time. After acquiring a product line of pallet handling machines, I had to find the customers and markets to grow and become profitable. I used a lead generation and sales prospecting program to gather enough in formation that made it possible for one inside sales person to get a new product line off the ground and reach the sales forecast in the very first year of operation. The total cost of the lead generation program was $75,000 and it produced $1.6 million in sales. This was 32 orders (units) or $2,344 promotion costs per order.
In addition, I still do projects every year on industrial acquisitions for product lines or manufacturing companies. The two big questions that need to be answered on every acquisition are whether this company (or product) have a competitive advantage over other products in the same market, and how big the market they serve is (and what is the potential for growth). These are critical questions that require research and market information. If you don't answer them accurately you will find out the answer after the acquisition and at the point of sale. In fact, I think the answers to these two questions are the difference between a success and failure of an acquisition.
Finally, if you are small manufacturer who is looking for capital, you should know that there are hundreds of new business plans submitted every year. Only about one or two percent of the business plans and product ideas, however, get serious consideration for investment. Wayne Embree of Cascadia Pacific Management looks at many new product and technology ideas and reviews a lot of business plans. When asked what these inventors and entrepreneurs can do to increase their chances of commercializing their product idea, Wayne says, "They should spend a lot of time developing a case as to how their product idea is going to have compelling competitive advantage." This translates into gathering lots of information on competitors, channels of distribution, and customers if you are going to convince anybody to invest money in your idea. Wayne's summary expression is "An ounce of marketing beats a pound of technology."
A lot of small and midsize manufacturers are struggling in our post–recession economy. They have lost business from some of their old customers, and need to diversify into other markets. They need to develop the strategies to grow, and these strategies always require some basic information before you invest in them. The good news is that there really are a lot of market opportunities out there if you have a way to find them and the information to develop a growth plan that will increase sales. The answer is the M-Word.
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Therapeutic exercises are specific exercises meant for correcting specific problems. Depending the matter of your concern, your chiropractor may give you a list of exercises to perform to reduce discomfort. The focus of therapeutic exercise is to regain flexibility, strength, and endurance related to specific physical problems.
Therapeutic exercise aims to improve, restore, and prevent loss of physical function. It can also improve a patient's overall health, fitness, and sense of well-being.
Additional objectives of Therapeutic exercise include:
- Increasing mobility
- Releasing contracted muscles, tendons, and fascia
- Mobilizing joints
- Improving circulation
- Improving respiratory capacity
- Improving coordination
- Reducing rigidity
- Improving balance
Therapeutic exercises are classified into three major categories:
- Endurance training
- Resistance training
- Flexibility training
No matter what type of exercise is prescribed to remedy a patient's specific condition, the final goal of rehabilitation is to acquire a maximum level of physical fitness, without the use of more invasive methods. Therapeutic exercise can be performed at home, and gives you the power to improve your quality of life.


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Frankly speaking, you cannot create a Linux partition larger than 2 TB using the fdisk command. The fdisk won't create partitions larger than 2 TB. This is fine for desktop and laptop users, but on server you need a large partition. For example, you cannot create 3TB or 4TB partition size (RAID based) using the fdisk command. It will not allow you to create a partition that is greater than 2TB. In this tutorial, you will learn more about creating Linux filesystems greater than 2 Terabytes to support enterprise grade operation under any Linux distribution.
To solve this problem use GNU parted command with GPT. It supports Intel EFI/GPT partition tables. Partition Table (GPT) is a standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical hard disk. It is a part of the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) standard proposed by Intel as a replacement for the outdated PC BIOS, one of the few remaining relics of the original IBM PC. EFI uses GPT where BIOS uses a Master Boot Record (MBR).
(Fig.01: Diagram illustrating the layout of the GUID Partition Table scheme. Each logical block (LBA) is 512 bytes in size. LBA addresses that are negative indicate position from the end of the volume, with −1 being the last addressable block. Imaged Credit Wikipedia)
Linux GPT Kernel Support
EFI GUID Partition support works on both 32bit and 64bit platforms. You must include GPT support in kernel in order to use GPT. If you don't include GPT support in Linux kernelt, after rebooting the server, the file system will no longer be mountable or the GPT table will get corrupted. By default Redhat Enterprise Linux / CentOS comes with GPT kernel support. However, if you are using Debian or Ubuntu Linux, you need to recompile the kernel. Set CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION to y to compile this feature.
File Systems Partition Types [*] Advanced partition selection [*] EFI GUID Partition support (NEW)....
Find Out Current Disk Size
Type the following command:
# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = _PHONE_ bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Linux Create 3TB partition size
To create a partition start GNU parted as follows:
# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted)
Creates a new GPT disklabel i.e. partition table:
(parted) mklabel gpt
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue? Yes/No? yes (parted)
Next, set the default unit to TB, enter:
(parted) unit TB
To create a 3TB partition size, enter:
(parted) mkpart primary 0 0
(parted) mkpart primary 0.00TB 3.00TB
To print the current partitions, enter:
Model: ATA ST33000651AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3.00TB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 0.00TB 3.00TB 3.00TB ext4 primary
Quit and save the changes, enter:
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
Use the mkfs.ext3 or mkfs.ext4 command to format the file system, enter:
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 183148544 inodes, 732566272 blocks 36628313 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=_PHONE_ 22357 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
Type the following commands to mount /dev/sdb1, enter:
# mkdir /data
# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sdc1 16G 819M 14G 6% / tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 1.6G 123k 1.6G 1% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 3.0T 211M 2.9T 1% /data
Make sure you replace /dev/sdb1 with actual RAID or Disk name or Block Ethernet device such as /dev/etherd/e0.0. Do not forget to update /etc/fstab, if necessary. Also note that booting from a GPT volume requires support in your BIOS / firmware. This is not supported on non-EFI platforms. I suggest you boot server from another disk such as IDE / SATA / SSD disk and store data on /data.
- How Basic Disks and Volumes Work (little outdated but good to understand basic concept)
- GUID Partition Table from the Wikipedia
- man pages parted
Updated for accuracy!
- 30 Handy Bash Shell Aliases For Linux / Unix / Mac OS X
- Top 30 Nmap Command Examples For Sys/Network Admins
- 25 PHP Security Best Practices For Sys Admins
- 20 Linux System Monitoring Tools Every SysAdmin Should Know
- 20 Linux Server Hardening Security Tips
- Linux: 20 Iptables Examples For New SysAdmins
- Top 20 OpenSSH Server Best Security Practices
- Top 20 Nginx WebServer Best Security Practices
- 20 Examples: Make Sure Unix / Linux Configuration Files Are Free From Syntax Errors
- 15 Greatest Open Source Terminal Applications Of 2012
- My 10 UNIX Command Line Mistakes
- Top 10 Open Source Web-Based Project Management Software
- Top 5 Email Client For Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows Users
- The Novice Guide To Buying A Linux Laptop


It's Complicated …The Relationship of William Murray and Girzel Grant: Part V
Donald Murray, son of William and Grace, was a soldier in the British Calvary[i]. He brought with him to Nova Scotia his sword which always hung in the kitchen of his cabin or house. He was nicknamed Swordy.
Donald married Margaret Campbell of Cyderhall, Dornoch, in 1819. The couple had a small holding in post clearance settlement of Rearquhar near his home hamlet of Fluchary. Their first six children were born on that croft.
In 1831 the family was under financial stress and lost the croft due to unpaid rent[ii]. The family joined a boatload of emigrants from Eastern Sutherland who were mainly families cleared in the _PHONE_ era but chose to remain in Sutherland at that time. Most of these families were directed to marginal uplands surrounding Loganville, Earltown, Upper Kemptown and parts of West River. Donald acquired a hilltop near Loganville known as "The Craig". It was not a hospitable location as it was exposed to the distant Northumberland Strait and a number of valleys extending towards Mount Thom, Kemptown and the Berrichan. Thereafter this branch of Murrays became known as the "Craigs".
In total they had ten children:
 1. William married Dolly Grant of Hardwood Hill. They settled a large farm at the junction of the College Grant and MacIntosh Roads. They had a family of ten including Libbie (Angus) MacBain and Jessie (Sandy) Ross of East Earltown.
 2. Hugh married Christy MacDonald of Dalhousie Mountain. Hugh took over the original homestead on the hilltop. They had no children of their own but brought up Christy's nephew, John MacDonald. The MacDonalds moved to Oxford leaving John with the Murrays. John became known by the nickname "Bouyan" and lived alone on the Craig after the Murray couple died. The circumstances surrounding his unusual death are related in "Stories Around the Branch"[iii].
 3. Grace married James Innes of Golspie and lived in Loganville Glen. Descendants are in Prince Edward island.
 4. Isabel, unmarried
 5. John Lyall Murray went to Mirimachi as a young man and settled in the village of Doaktown.
 6. Robert died young in Scotland
 7. Margaret married Sgt. John Welsh of Dumphries, Scotland. They operated a boarding house in Pictou before moving to Quincy, Ma. Their family later relocated to Denver.
 8. Donald Jr. lived on a lower property on the Craig. He married Catherine Sutherland of East Branch. They had a family of nine, most of whom lived in the Canadian West.
 9. George Murray was a prospector in the west. After an absence of several years, his nephew, George Murray the merchant, went west on a search and tracking him down in Alaska. He was brought back to West Branch and lived his last few years with his niece, Mary Beck[iv].
 10. Robert "Craig" cleared a farm near the north end of the MacIntosh Road at College Grant. He married Annie MacLean who grew up on the same road. Together they had eight children. Jim Murray, late of College Grant, was a son who took over the homestead[v].
Margaret Campbell Murray, Donald's wife, died in 1845 of lockjaw which was the result of stepping on a rusted nail. She was buried in the Earltown Village Cemetery[vi]. Donald survived her until 1859.
[i] Unpublished memoirs of George W. Murray of Lethbridge gives the origin of the nickname.
[ii] Online: County Sutherland: Dornoch Emigrant List
[iii] Mackay, et al, "Stories Around The Branch: A collection of tales from West Branch, Pictou County, N.S." 2001
[iv] Interview with Dolly Murray Baillie, Scotsburn, 1980
[v] Family: Dan, Hantsport; Alex, Hantsport; John, Alberta; Maggie, Mrs. Mac Baillie, Welsford; Rev. George, Trinidad; Grace, Mrs. Gordon Matheson, The Falls; Dolly, Mrs. George Baillie, Welsford; Jim at home.
[vi] The back part of Loganville along the Gunshot Road had easier access to Earltown via the Berrichan than to West Branch. Consequently several families from that area are buried in Earltown.
 1. Lynn Gray says:
 Thanks, Glen. It is always a pleasure to read your accounts of our heritage. Trust you are well. Happy New Year!
 2. David Lavers says:
 Glen,can you tell me any more about Christy MacDonald of Dalhousie who married Hugh Murray "Craig"?
 - GMMatheson says:
 Christy had a brother Hugh MacDonald who also lived on the Craig. Hugh was married to Annie Gordon who likely belonged to the Gordons of Six Mile Brook.
 Hugh and Annie had a son John who was "boarded out" to his aunt, Christy Murray. Hugh and Christy had no children of their own. Hugh MacDonald, Annie, and all their children except John moved to Birchwood near Oxford around 1880. The Gordon family also settled in that area.
 John MacDonald seems to have inherited the Murray farm. There is quite a bit about him in Stories of West Branch. He was an eccentric bachelor in his later years. When he died, apparently of a heart attack after slaughtering a bull, neighbours discovered that he had a fair sum of cash sewn into his underwear. He was known as the "Bouyan", possibly a Gaelic nickname for that MacDonald family.
 More notable was the Bouyan's final descent from the Craig. It was winter and his body was frozen in a sitting position. The neighbours strapped in upright in a sled to take him down the mountain. Whether by design or accident, the sled got away on them with the Bouyan coasting down the hill upright on the sled.
 I may have more details on the MacDonalds in my files which I will review this weekend.
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NASPA – Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education is excited to introduce the Advising Success Network. The Advising Success Network, supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, is a partnership among higher education organizations and leaders who believe advising is the bright star in a constellation of student support services.
The Advising Success Network is facilitated by NASPA and comprised of Achieving the Dream (ATD), the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), EDUCAUSE, NACADA: The Global Community for Academic Advising, and the National Resource Center for The First-Year Experience and Students in Transition. Kevin Kruger, president of NASPA, had this to say about the launch of the Advising Success Network, "One of the biggest challenges facing higher education is to bring student success innovations to scale across a wide range of institutions. The Advising Success Network is perfectly positioned to do just that and to drive innovations in advising reform that will have a significant impact on the educational outcomes for tens of thousands of students."
As institutions work toward completion agendas, they are moving away from understanding academic advising solely as an academic transaction. Many institutions are revisiting how advising roles can serve students more comprehensively. The mission of the network is to identify, build, and scale effective advising solutions across the field of higher education to ensure academic, career, and personal success for all students, with a focus on low-income students and students of color. This shift toward holistic support requires institution-wide reflection on the current student experience from recruitment through graduation, change and leadership management, and the strategic use of technology. Academic advising is one of the most impactful levers in this landscape, where 6-year graduation rates for full-time students hover at 55% (Tyton, 2015).
The Advising Success Network will provide thought leadership, resources, and services to advance academic advising as a tool for helping institutions pursue equity and excellence in their support of students. The network will cultivate a list of resources, including case studies and research, and share these resources via a public website by mid-2020. To learn more, contact Sara Ackerson, Assistant Director of Advising Initiatives at _EMAIL_.


American English
Definition of pull-down adjective from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary
 jump to other results
 1. 1designed to be used by being pulled down a pull-down bed
 2. 2 pull-down menu (computing) a list of possible choices that appears on a computer screen below a menu title
See the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary entry: pull-down


text: Asemic writing is a form of writing with an open meaning. The term asemic means 'without specific semantic content'. Asemisch script can thus be read in a completely different ways by different readers. The language of the writer and that of the reader can be the same or different. In 'The Asemic Cabinet' examples are shown that come from the continuum between drawing and writing, between letter and doodle, between language and the unknown.


Chief Administrative Officer.
The airport can then allocate the expenses of each department according to one of the well-established procedures below:
Single-Step Allocation
In this allocation procedure, airport management allocates the expenses of each department to direct cost centers, based on either:
 - Cost drivers, such as allocating police expenses based on the number of police deployed at each geographic area, or
 - Management estimates, or
 - Negotiated results with the airlines, or
 - Recorded amounts in the accounting system. Some airports establish cost centers in the accounting system. Whenever possible, airport employees try to record a portion of expenses directly to each cost center. This practice provides some basis for cost allocation, although the result depends on how accurate each employee records their time and expenditures.
A two-step or multi-step allocation may provide better expense allocation that reflects the cost benefit relationship. However, single-step allocation is still used at some airports, especially when the airport and the airlines agree to use of the procedure.
Two-Step Allocation
Under this approach, an airport will allocate expenses of direct departments according to one of the methods discussed above, and allocate expenses of indirect departments according to the allocation results of the direct departments. For example, if 30 percent of total direct departmental expenses are allocated to the airfield cost center, 30 percent of total indirect departmental expenses will be allocated to the airfield too.
The two-step allocation procedure is the dominant form of expense allocation for U.S. airports. Although most airports won't provide cost allocation details to the public, some examples are available, such as:
 1. Miami-Dade Aviation Department presents its cost allocation procedure in Appendix A of the annual rates and charges book. It follows a two-step allocation procedure, with minor tweaks.
 2. Albany County Airport Authority presents all rates and charges details in its annual budget. Page 10-8 provides an overview of cost allocation process, which is a four-step allocation modified from two-step allocation procedure.
An airport generally allocates 70 percent of total operating expenses to airline cost centers; obviously this ratio can vary significantly across airports. The airport then calculates rates and charges to recover a portion of allocable costs from the airlines, including operating expenses, debt service, and other fund requirements.
 - For an airport with a residual ratemaking methodology, the cost allocation procedure determines how costs are split among airlines, but does not affect the total amount recovered from the airlines. At those airports:
 - Airline revenues = total cost – nonairline revenues + discretionary cash
 - For an airport with a compensatory ratemaking methodology, we can visualize the airport as three components:
 - Airfield, where 100 percent of costs are recovered
 - Terminal, where a portion of costs are recovered, equaling airline rented space as a percentage of total rentable space
 - Landside, where no airline rates and charges are collected
Therefore, the financial success of a compensatory airport depends on whether the airport can generate enough landside profit and terminal concession revenues to cover the deficit in the terminal cost center. If the airport can reasonably allocate more operating expenses to the airline cost centers, it will be in a better financial position, relying less on nonairline revenues that are mostly traffic-driven.


text:
What is this test?
The Pediatric Audiological Monitoring Protocol (Bagatto et al., 2011) was developed to allow monitoring of hearing aid details and hearing abilities of children aged 0-6 years. It may be used in conjunction with the DSL Method for fitting hearing aids, and with other measures of hearing aid outcome. The UWO PedAMP uses caregiver-report questionnaires as the main tools for monitoring children. The use of other measures, such as aided speech perception, are also important but are not covered within the scope of the UWO PedAMP. The UWO PedAMP was developed in collaboration with the Network of Pediatric Audiologists of Canada (Moodie et al., 2011).


text:
In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Identify the management goal and organizational structure of the Multinational Corporation (MNC), describe the key theories that justify international business, explain the common methods used to conduct international business, provide a model for valuing the MNC.
Get an introduction to the goals, processes and operations of business
enterprises in the United States. Your focus is on the functions that a
company—whether a multinational corporation or a corner grocery store—
must manage effectively to be successful. You also study the legal environment
in which businesses operate and the importance of business ethics and
Applied Economics for Business
Welcome to the study of microeconomics, including the theory of supply
and demand and the use of that theory to explain market functions.


Student Spotlight: Yun Liu
Yun Liu
November 16, 2020
Yun Liu is a master of public health student from China. After attending China Agricultural University and Rutgers University, she came to Cornell to study health equity and address the needs of all populations.
What is your area of research and why is it important?
My research interests focus on the macro factors that impact public health, such as people's social living situations and environmental factors. For example, how can we improve the health outcome of a patient with diabetes by ensuring his/her/their access to healthy foods or how can we reduce the child asthma rate in areas with poor air quality? I think the health status of the population of a society essentially reflects the overall health of the society in terms of its pattern of economic development, resource distribution, etc. Studying the upstream social determinants of health is important because those factors influence population health fundamentally and implicitly.
What are the larger implications of this research?
I view my research as an attempt of "sewing up" the gaps between fast social development and humans' health needs by identifying, uplifting, and addressing the health needs of all populations, particularly those of vulnerable populations. The larger implication, and goal of my research, is to improve health equity and to achieve it in the long term.
What inspired you to choose this field of study?
I come from a small town in the north of China where I witnessed many coal workers, including my grandfather, suffer from lung disease. When I studied in Beijing, I also met kids of immigrant workers who were not supplied with nutrient-rich foods to ensure their learning and physical activities. Those experiences motivated me to focus my study on achieving health equity within a population. To me, protecting the health—a basic human right—of every individual is protecting the potentials of the entire human race, which serves as the rich soil for the progress of human civilization.
How has the pandemic influenced the focus of your studies?
The pandemic disproportionally affected vulnerable populations with less access to medical resources and social protection, and it aggravated food insecurity by disrupting the whole food supply chain and people's connection with food assistance programs. This motivated me to research how to address health equity by integrating social needs into primary care settings.
How has the pandemic changed your involvement at Cornell? What are you doing to impact the campus and community as a public health student?
I am working at the observation station of the surveillance testing site to help people with their COVID-19 tests.
What kind of impact would you like your research to make on the world?
I hope my research and my future work would help to reduce health disparities and promote health equity in the world.
I like reading literature and philosophy and like to write sometimes. I think literature is the most vivid sketch of human history, often narrating from the point of view of a single individual while reflecting on how the society was at that time through the vicissitudes of the individual's life. Philosophy creates a space between the real world and my inner world, in which I could think, and reframe the world I see.
Why did you choose Cornell to pursue your degree?
I was motivated to pursue my graduate degree in Cornell primarily for two reasons. One reason was that one of the key leaders of China's new cultural movement (1919), Hu Shih, studied and graduated from Cornell. As a young woman who was enlightened by the liberal social views cultivated by this movement, I treasure the learning experience at Cornell as a dialogue with those pioneers throughout history and time. Another reason was that I love nature, and I cannot find another place like Ithaca that shows the beauty and diversity of natural environments in such a humble while fascinating way.


Core Concepts of the Java Memory Model (JMM)
also read:
Java Memory Model (JMM)
The Java Memory Model (JMM) is described in section 17.4 of the Java Language Specification (JLS). This is quite a formal part of the spec and describes the JMM in terms of synchronization actions and the mathematical construct known as a partial order. This is great from the point of view of language theorists and implementers of the Java spec (in other words, compiler and VM makers) but not as good for application developers who need to understand the details of how their multithreaded code will execute.
Rather than repeat the formal details, we'll list the most important rules in terms of a couple of basic concepts—the synchronizes-with and happens-before relationships between blocks of code. (If you've studied formal approaches to OO programming you may have heard the expressions has-a and is-a to describe the building blocks of object orientation. Happens-before and synchronizes-with are similar conceptual building blocks for understanding Java concurrency.)
 - HAPPENS-BEFORE This relationship indicates that one block of code fully completes before the other can start.
 - SYNCHRONIZES-WITH This means that an action will synchronize its view of an object with main memory before continuing.
In figure 1, we can see an example of a volatile write, which synchronizes-with a later read access (for the println).
Figure 1 Synchronizes-withThe JMM has these main rules:
 - An Unlock operation on a monitor synchronizes-with later lock operations.
 - A write to a volatile variable synchronizes-with later reads of the variable.
 - If an action A synchronizes-with action B, then A happens-before B.
 - If A comes before B in program order within a thread, then A happens-before B.
The general statement of the first two rules is that "releases happen before acquires;" in other words, the locks that a thread holds when writing are released before the locks can be acquired by other operations (including reads). There are some other additional rules, which are really about sensible behavior:
 - The completion of a constructor happens-before the finalizer for that object starts to run. (An object has to be fully constructed before it can be finalized.)
 - An action which starts a Thread synchronizes-with the first action of the new Thread.
 - Thread.join() synchronizes-with the last (and all other) actions in the thread being joined.
 - (Transitivity) If X happens-before Y, and Y happens-before Z, then X happens-before Z.
These simple rules actually define the whole of the platform's view of how memory and synchronization works, as you can see in figure 2.
Figure 2 Transitivity of happens-before
Minimum Guarantees
In practice, these are the minimum guarantees made by the JMM. Real JVMs, however, may behave much better in practice than these guarantees suggest. This can be quite a pitfall for the developer, however, because it is easy for the false sense of safety given by the behavior of a particular JVM to turn out to be just a quirk, which is hiding an underlying concurrency bug.
We showed where Java's conceptions of locks and synchronization come from as we explored the often-misunderstood details of the Java Memory Model (JMM). Many Java programmers are aware of the JMM and have been coding to their own understanding of it, without ever being formally introduced to it, so this new understanding builds upon that informal awareness and places it onto firm foundations.
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