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1、 Determine the type of pneumatic booster pump based on the boosting medium. For example, if the pressurization medium required is gas: air, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc., we will choose between air booster pump and gas booster pump. The pressurized medium is liquid, so we choose from pneumatic liquid booster pumps.
二、根據系統所需壓力初步確定氣動增壓泵的型號。一般情況下氣動增壓泵的驅動氣壓為4-8bar。而增壓比的計算方法是Po/Pa。 其中，Po是系統的輸出壓力; Pa是氣動增壓泵的驅動壓力，正常情況下取大值0.7MPa。 根據計算出來的增壓比，在相應類型的泵表中選擇型號。注意，通常我們會選擇增壓比略高于計算值的氣動增壓泵，以確保我們的泵在通常情況下都能輸出系統所需壓力。
2、 The model of the pneumatic booster pump is preliminarily determined based on the required pressure of the system. Generally, the driving pressure of the pneumatic booster pump is 4-8 bar. The calculation method for the boost ratio is Po/Pa. Where Po is the output pressure of the system; Pa is the driving pressure of the pneumatic booster pump, and the maximum value is 0.7MPa under normal conditions. Select a model from the corresponding type of pump table based on the calculated boost ratio. Note that we usually choose a pneumatic booster pump with a boost ratio slightly higher than the calculated value to ensure that our pump can normally output the pressure required by the system.
3、 Check whether the flow of the pneumatic booster pump meets the system requirements.
當我們根據氣動增壓泵的出口壓力初步選擇了型號后，下一步需要核算該氣體增壓泵、液體增壓泵的流量是否滿足要求。首先液體增壓泵的流量計算方法是這樣的:每沖程的排量x每分鐘的動作頻率(一般以50計) 。比如，DKA40氣動液體增壓泵，我們在泵表中查到它每沖程的排量是63.3ml，那么它的流量63.3mlx 50= 3165ml/min= 3.165L/min。
After we have preliminarily selected the model based on the outlet pressure of the pneumatic booster pump, the next step is to check whether the flow of the gas booster pump and the liquid booster pump meet the requirements. Firstly, the flow calculation method for a liquid booster pump is as follows: displacement per stroke x operating frequency per minute (generally calculated as 50). For example, for the DKA40 pneumatic liquid booster pump, we found in the pump table that its displacement per stroke is 63.3ml, so its flow rate is 63.3mlx 50=3165ml/min=3.165L/min.
Compare this flow rate with the flow rate required by the system to see if it meets the requirements. If the flow rate is insufficient, then we will select a pump with a similar boost ratio and a relatively large flow rate, and calculate the flow rate until it meets the system flow requirements. The calculation method for a gas booster pump is as follows: First of all, it should be understood that the flow rate referred to in nL (standard liter) refers to the flow rate at atmospheric pressure. Because gas has compressibility and liquid does not exist, it is necessary to calculate the gas flow rate in a unified unit. nL/min means that the medium (pure gas) pressurized by the gas booster pump within 1 minute is placed at atmospheric pressure to measure its volume.
Therefore, for gases, we need to consider the magnitude of the pre pressurization pressure. For example, if we use an air booster DTE02 to pressurize 7bar of air to 1.4MPa, its flow rate is 1.6nL * 7 * 50=562688ml/min ≈ 562.7nL/min. Select the material of the pneumatic booster pump according to the boosting medium. After the above three steps, we can choose the basic model of the pump.
However, the correct model also needs to consider the requirements of the medium to be contacted by the pneumatic booster pump. Normally, we can choose aluminum alloy. If the pressurized medium requires high material requirements, such as strong oxidizing gases such as oxygen and ozone, it is necessary to contact our sales or technical personnel to develop relevant supporting plans.
This article is organized and published by the gas booster pump. Do you have any understanding of these contents? For more information, please click: _URL_ We will have more exciting content waiting for you to check.


well! Wagyu beef is a term everyone is aware of, even if someone hasn't had the pleasure of tasting this luxurious beef. Despite the popularity of this beef worldwide, some people still remain skeptical about eating it because of the popular myths circulating around. So we thought we would do some myth-busting!
Wagyu Beef Is Over Priced
If any beef is highly sought after and luxurious in the world, it's the Wagyu beef! Only four breeds of cattle can produce authentic Japanese Wagyu beef, all of which are raised in Japan's specific prefectures. The ranchers take special care of these cattle and pay attention to every detail in order to produce high-quality meat. The industry is implementing innovative traceability due to the increasing popularity of Wagyu beef around the world.
Eithers its kobe beef or Miyazaki, The Wagyu beef is given an overall beef quality score after it has been assessed through five very specific grading criteria. The highest quality Wagyu is graded as A5 Wagyu beef as in Grade A for yield and grade 5 in the remaining categories. The strict grading process ensures the beef's consistency in both quality and authenticity. Thus, the Wagyu beef cannot be produced or graded the same way anywhere in the world, which makes it a one of a kind, reasonably expensive product.
Wagyu Beef Is Just Fat & Fat
The unique marbling on the Wagyu meat is what makes it so special. This marbling is created by intramuscular fat running throughout muscle fibers, which only occurs in Wagyu cattle with proper genes. The Wagyu cattle are fed a high-energy diet that supports intramuscular fat cell growth, which is why, unlike other regular forms of beef, the Wagyu contains a high amount of unsaturated fat and Omega 3s. Due to the high percentage of unsaturated fats, Wagyu beef has the lowest cholesterol levels, ultimately reducing the risk of heart diseases. The fat content in Wagyu beef is healthy for human body energy production and cell growth.
Wagyu Is The Same In All Regions
The Japanese Wagyu is produced using four different breeds of cattle: (Shorthorn, Black, Polled, and Brown). It is tracked via nose prints and Cattle ID numbers and goes through a strict grading system.
Australian Wagyu is raised the same way, but the cattle are often crossbred. The cattle are often offspring of the full-blooded and domestic breed, i.e., Red or Black Angus.
American Wagyu is crossbred with Black Angus as well. American and Australian Wagyu will not have the same marbling, texture, and taste as Japanese Wagyu due to crossbreeding and region-based diets.
Myths: Busted!
We hope we have debunked the most popular myths about Wagyu beef. However, you can always find out true facts about the Wagyu beef by asking questions from us at Fine Wagyu. We deal in authentic and genuine Japanese Wagyu beef.
Here's Everything You Need to Know About Essay & Its Structure
The word 'essay' is generated from the French word. An essay is a short article or short subjective composition writing. Word count depends on your professor. As compared to paper writing, essay writing is much easy, as there is no need for deep research and systematic presentation of thoughts. It is formal writing on a given subject. In essay writing, you need not worry about the structure of the essay. The essay presents useful information to readers. You have to write on a topic related to academic subjects but in your own words and with your point of view. It should not in the form of a list, but it must be descriptive like a story. It is necessary to put effort to express your thoughts and ideas. If you are struggling to explore your points, ask for help from a top essay writing service.
There are a few types of essay writing through which you can express the ideas.
Informative essay
The informative essay provides information to readers with the simple basic structure of essay writing and much more useful knowledge.
Argumentative Essay
This essay shows an argument concerned with a problem. Write your views supporting a side of the issue. Give evidence that are addressing your thoughts.
Compare and contrast essays
This type of essay examines the differences and similarities between the two topics.
Descriptive essay
This type of essay is always expansive. As the name suggests, it describes the things so that readers can view the things in their minds. Organising structure is very much necessary for essay writing will save time and the best presentation, so construct an essay with given steps and follow instructions to generate the thoughts.
The title must be brief and interesting to readers so that they can start reading eagerly.
It is necessary to give an attractive introduction to grab the reader's attention. Write about the background of the topic and then write an essay statement.
Make outline
Do a plan for your writing, such as which point where you want to present. Use that plan in the main body for final writing work.
Main body
Prepare some points on which you have to write paragraphs. The main body should contain 4 or 5 paragraphs. Each paragraph should start with the sentence addressing the title, and the paragraph should address the essay statement or argument statement. Write the final concluding statement or answer to the argument statement in the main body.
Summarize main points from each para, restate the argument statement or essay statement in a different way. Write the consequences or effect related to the topic.
Mention the list of books, journals, and sites you have taken reference for essay writing.
Proofreading is a necessary part before submission. You can correct the mistakes and check the flow of writing. You can remove an unfamiliar statement in proofreading.
The essay takes much time to complete expansive writing. To target the best academic essay writing implication, feel free to contact the top essay writing service.
Decide what type of essay you have to write, achieve your deadline, and upgrade your academic grade with the best writing services.
7 HR Dissertation Topics That Students Should Not Ignore in 2020
For students, writing an HR dissertation is not an easy job. There are many factors to consider when writing. It will help produce top-notch paper-like: students should read the instructions, guidelines, follow the structure, maintain continuity, and avoid grammar mistakes. Besides, students should pick an appropriate topic. That's because it helps to produce high-quality paper. You will never get tired of writing on the topic because it interests you. Thus, you write the paper with full determination to secure high grades. Moreover, you will revise the paper and make it flawless. But if you pick a wrong topic, you will produce a low-quality paper, and the audience will lose interest to read it further. Now, selecting HR dissertation topics is complicated. That's because you need to keep many things in mind, such as how trendy the HR topic is? Are people aware of it? Remember, if you pick an old topic, it will not impact the reader, and the audience will not read it. The purpose of writing an HR dissertation is to present your opinion and feedback on a specific topic. It consumes a lot of time and energy. Besides, it's hard to complete in a few months. To help you with your topic selection, here is an article that will present the top dissertation topics of 2020.
 1. Employees' selection process: How can it be improved?- For students, it will be an interesting topic to research. Here a student has to present effective ways on how the employee selection process can be improved. Explain each step in detail.
 1. The policies of HR for affected employees – Here, the students should carry in-depth research on the topic and find out the policies the HR has designed. For example,- how HR will deal when there is a gap between employees working, how the companies through HR will provide support to the affected patients, and more.
 1. The employee's cooperation for HRThe pandemic has changed the way we work. Hence, students selecting this topic to write should highlight the points of how employees are supporting the decisions taken by HR policymakers during the COVID-19.
 1. How online digital platforms have helped organizations in recruiting effectively and efficientlyIt's an interesting topic to write about. Many organizations have adopted different techniques and methods to recruit candidates during the pandemic. So, you should find out how online digital platforms have helped organizations in hiring candidates and explain them.
 1. Ways to boost employee productivityHere, one has to list the methods that can help increase employees' productivity levels at the office and explain them.
 1. The impact of motivation programs on employee performanceSelecting this topic to write will help you understand how motivation programs can improve employee performance. You need to list down all positive impacts and explain them with an example.
 1. The role of human resource policies in the success of an organizationHere, you need to write down the importance of human resource policies and how it will help the organization to be successful. Highlight some essential policies and present the policies that should be introduced.
These are some of the HR dissertation topics that students can choose to compose a dissertation. However, if you want to submit an excellent paper and achieve high grades, make sure to pick an interesting topic of your choice. Thus, impress your professor and show everyone your skills. In case you are running out of time, then consider taking professional help online.
C-H-E-A-P Strategy for Choosing the Best Assignment Writing Service
Many students work part-time after school or college. Some might have limited pocket-money and tons of responsibilities to focus on. But now you can attend to other responsibilities, along with your writing tasks. There are professional


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When the hospital ceased to operate in 1979, the address was 3131 Lakeshore Boulevard West, and it was located at the northeast corner of Lakeshore Boulevard West and Kipling Avenue, in the former City of Etobicoke, Ontario. When it opened on January 21, 1889, it was situated what was then considered the western part of the village of Mimico. Later, this area eventually develped into an industrial centre called New Toronto in the 1890s and was subsequently incorporated as a village in 1913. At that time, the address was 1007 Lakeshore Road. When Lakeshore Road was renamed, becoming an extension of Lakeshore Boulevard West, and the address was changed to 3131 Lakeshore Boulevard West. In 1967, New Toronto became part of the Borough (and later, in 1984, City) of Etobicoke which was merged into the new City of Toronto (part of the Greater Toronto Area) in 1998.
Years of Operation and the Official Names
The asylum opened on January 21, 1889 and closed down on September 1, 1979. It was originally known as the Mimico Branch Asylum, as it formed part of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum at 999 Queen Street West in Toronto, Ontario, caring only the chronically ill. Between 1889 and 1979, it was also referred to as the Mimico Insane Asylum (renamed 1894, becoming a seperate institution that offered treatment to all types of patienta), Ontario Hospital, Mimico (1920), and later Ontario Hospital, New Toronto (1934). In 1964, the name was changed again to Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital. Unofficially, the hospital has been commonly referred to as a Lakeside Sanatorium, Lakeshore Asylum, Mimico Asylum and Lakeshore Hospital, along with the usual range of derogatory names associated with psychiatric hospitals, such as a "nuthouse," "looney bin," etc.
Years of Construction
The initial stage of construction of the asylum started in 1888 and was completed in 1889. Assembly Hall was built in 1897 and the Gatehouse in 1899. For more information on the history of specific structures, prefer refer to The Architecture.
The Architect and the Style
Kivas Tully (1820–1905), the Chief Provincial Architect, was responsible for preparing architectual plans for the buildings. He also designed a number of other structures in Toronto, including the Old Trinity College. The design of the therapeutic landscape was developed by Samuel Matheson, a landscape gardener. The asylum was built in the combination of the Romanesque and Gothic Revival styles.
Patients without any family and/or financial resources were buried to rest at the asylum cemetery, located at the corner of Evans and Horner Avenues, about five kilometers north. Wooden coffins were made by patients at the asylum carpentry shop. After the closure of the hospital in 1979, the cemetery was abandoned. Beginning in 2005, restoration efforts have been made by a group of volunteers. Please consult the Lakeshore Asylum Cemetery Project.
The Closure in 1979 and the Aftermath
Despite an active protest of the staff, some patients and their families, as well as local residents, the hospital was closed down on September 1, 1979, following the decision of the Ministry of Health. Dennis R. Timbrell, the Minister of Health,, made an announcement in his speech on January 22, 1979 with regard to this decision.
The decision was inspired by the prevailing trend of deinstitutionalization, which advocated that that mental health patients were able to benefit more from their treatment by living in the community as opposed to being committed to an institution. Furthermore, the issue of funding for the continued operation of the mental hospital from the government was also taken into consideration. At the time of the closing, the hospital was seen as an antiquated relic of Canada's Victorian past, with the most recent renovations having been done in the 1930s.
After the closure, as it was the case with other psychiatric hospitals in Canada and abroad, many of the patients became homeless. The most severely ill were transferred to the newly constructed Queen Street Mental Health Centre (the former Provicial Lunatic Asylum), as well as Whitby and Hamilton Psychiatric Hospitals, which remained opened. Other patients were released and an outpatient community psychiatric clinic was opened in Cottage 2. Later, the Lakeshore Outpatient and Community Clinic was opened at 3170 Lakeshore Boulevard West and it continued the tradition of providing mental health services in New Toronto until 2008.
During the 1980s, the grounds were used by a number of film corporations to shoot movies, most famously Police Academy and the television series Night Shift, among others. And as it is usually the case with many many old, abandoned institutions, most of the structures quickly began to deteriorate, often falling prey to frequent trespassing and ensuing vandalism.
The underground tunnels were designed in order to quickly travel between the various buildings, and were often used by staff during unfavourable weather conditions. Patients probably had restricted access, and probably they were required to be accompanied by a member of the staff. When the asylum was first built, it was equipped with a miniature railway tracks, located in the tunnels, which were used to deliver food to individual wards from the main kitchen, located in the Central Building. It was removed in the thirties due to its deteriorating condition. Today, the tunnels are still utilized by the Humber College, accessible only to staff.
Some of the present staff and students of Humber College, which now occupies the site of the former hospital, claim that the former Cottages are, in fact, are visited on a regular basis by ghostly appearances. For more information, please go to Haunted or Not?
Anonymous. "History of Ontario Hospital, New Toronto, Henceforth to be Known as Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital" [Unpublished, written
by an unnamed patient with assistant of John Sutherland, Chief Attendant, c. 1964].
Beemer, Nelson. [Untitled letter]. March 22, 1909.
Court, John. "Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital–A Vital Part of the CAMH Legacy." May 1, 2001.
Deverell, Rex. "The Assembly Hall: A Lakeshore Landmark, 1898–2001." May 2001.
Gunn, Donald Ross. "Five Year Program." Etobicoke: Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital, 1971.
Hansen R. C. "Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital Orientation Package." Etobicoke: Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital, c. 1972.
"It All Started Back in 1890." Rapport February 1975.
Keefer, Alec. "Excerpt of Market Gallery Exhibition Didactics re Lakeshore."
McKerrow, L.W. Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital: Submission to Committee on Mental Health Services, Ontario Council of Health. Etobicoke: Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital, May 1978.
Melamet-Vetter, Walther. "The Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital, A World of Its Own, Another Coocoo's Nest, In New Toronto." Toronto: July 1989.
All primary sources retrieved from the Archives for the History of Canadian Psychiatry and Mental Health Services, January 30 and April 21–22, 2005. Images from the Archives of Ontario, Asylum Projects, RootsWeb, City of Toronto Archives, and from author's collections.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Can an employee also be a volunteer at our organization?
 1. The work must be at the employee's initiative.
 2. The work must be outside normal or regular work hours.
 3. The employee must be performing a religious, charitable or other community service without contemplation of payment.
 4. The employee must be performing a task outside of the regular job functions performed for the same employer.
Source: Bureau of Labor and Industries


With global growth in popularity due to its wide array of marijuana benefits, more and more people are discovering creative ways to consume cannabis. Baking, for instance, is quickly becoming one of the most popular methods for marijuana loversand enthusiast everywhere. If you're thinking of baking with marijuana, follow these tips and information if you wanna reach pot greatness!
Strains varieties on containers
Looking to become a member in a cannabis club?
Baking, Vaping, or Just Smoking Up?
Some valuable information to know about edibles is that they are quite different from smoking or vaping. The real difference lies in how the weed is metabolized – and how quickly. When you smoke or vape, you'll feel the effects within minutes, and they'll usually peak within 30 to 60 minutes and taper off between two and four hours. However, with edibles the effects take longer to kick in as they metabolize within your body (usually in 45 minutes to an hour) – but their effects usually last much longer, often four to six hours.
Many people also say that the feeling they get from edibles is more of a relaxing and intense "body high" as opposed to the trippy and fun "head high" they get from smoking or vaping. But, again, it varies from person to person.
How do I bake with marijuana?
Baking with cannabis is quite easy – all it starts with is the cannabis you decide to choose for your edibles. While indicas are usually known for relaxation, sativas are typically more stimulating and uplifting. If you want to treat anxiety and pain, you might want to go with an indica.
Cannabutter is the essential ingredient for any weed bake and it's fairly easy to make.
All you'll need is:
 - Your ounce of lightly grounded weed bud or trim.
 - 1 lb (0.45 kg). Of unsalted butter.
 - ¾ to a cup of water.
To cook the cannabutter, follow these steps:


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Significance and Use
Many sliding systems exhibit intermittent high friction force excursions compared to competing tribosystems. However, where friction forces or friction coefficients are averaged, the test data may show that the two systems have the same friction characteristics, when in fact they were not the same; there was a friction "problem" in the one with the periodic aberrations. The FED takes into account all friction forces that occur in the test increment. It is all of the friction energy that the couple dissipated in the designated test duration. It captures the friction profile of a system in a single number that can be used to screen candidate couples for friction characteristics.
If the friction energy used in a reciprocating tribosystem is of concern this metric along with the friction recording, average coefficient of friction, and standard deviation of the force readings, produces the most meaningful data. It is a metric of the energy loss in a tribosystem.
1.1 This guide covers and is intended for use in interpreting the friction forces recorded in reciprocating tribosystems. The guide applies to any reciprocating tribosystem, whether it is a wear or fretting test or an actual machine or device.
1.2 The energy dissipation guide was developed in analyzing friction results in the Test Method G133 reciprocating ball-on-flat test, but it applies to other ASTM or ISO reciprocating tests. This technique is frequently used to record the friction response in fretting tribosystems.
1.3 Specimen material may play some role in the results if the materials under test display viscoelastic behavior. This guide as written is for metals, plastics, and ceramics that do not display viscoelastic behavior. It also applies to lubricated and non-lubricated contacts.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G115 Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
G133 Test Method for Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear
G163 Guide for Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and Friction Measurements
friction; friction coefficient; friction energy;
ICS Number Code 21.260 (Lubrication systems)
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
Citing ASTM Standards
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The use of insect meal, derived from larvae, in animal diets is promising. But what is the nutritional value of this protein? A paper by Harinder Makkar reviewed 5 major insect species and their value for different animal species. Here we discuss the Black Soldier Fly.
Black soldier fly larvae are used live, chopped, or dried and ground. The larvae can feed quickly, from 25 to 500 mg of fresh matter/larva/day, and on a wide range of decaying organic materials and manure.
Use in pig diets needs AA balance
Black soldier larvae meal was found to be a suitable ingredient in growing pig diets, being especially valuable for its amino acid, lipid and Ca contents. However, its relative deficiency in methionine + cystine and threonine requires the inclusion of those amino acids (AA) for the preparation of balanced diets. The ash content of the meal is also high and this requires attention. The diets containing the larvae meal were as palatable as a soymeal based diet (Newton et al., 1977)
Trial with AA supplementation
In a trial, dried black soldier fly prepupae meal was fed to early weaned pigs as a replacement (0, 50, or 100%) for dried plasma (meal in the diet: 0% during phase 1, 2.5% during phase 2, and 5% during phase 3), with or without amino acid supplementation. Without amino acid supplementation, the 50% replacement diet gave slightly better performance during phase 1 (+4% gain, +9% feed efficiency). However, the 100% replacement diets did not perform as well as the control (overall performance reduced by 3 to 13%). Additional refinement (cuticle removal and rendering) may be necessary to make black soldier fly prepupae meal suitable for early weaned pigs (Newton et al., 2005)
Support growth in chicks
As a component of a complete diet, black soldier fly larvae meal has been found to support good growth in chicks. Chicks fed a diet containing dried black soldier fly larvae (as a substitute for soymeal) gained weight at a rate 96% (non-significant) of that of chicks fed the control diet containing soymeal, but they only consumed 93% (significant) as much feed (Hale, 1973 cited by Newton et al., 2005), suggesting higher feed conversion efficiency of diet containing the larvae meal.
Good results in fish diets
Several experiments have shown that black soldier fly larvae could partially or fully substitute for fishmeal in fish diets. However, additional trials as well as economic analyses are necessary because reduced performance has been observed in some cases, and the type of rearing substrate and the processing method affect the utilization of the larvae by fish.
Trout and Atlantic salmon trials
For example, dried ground black soldier fly prepupae reared on dairy cattle manure enriched with 25–50% trout offal could be used to replace up to 50% of fishmeal protein in trout diets for 8 weeks without significantly affecting fish growth or the sensory quality of trout fillets, though a slight (but non-significant) reduction in growth was observed (Sealey et al., 2011). In a 9-week study, replacing 25% of the fishmeal protein in rainbow trout diets with black soldier fly prepupae meal (reared on pig manure) did not affect weight gain and feed conversion ratio (St-Hilaire et al., 2007a). In Atlantic salmon, a control diet containing 200 g/kg fishmeal (FM) was stepwise replaced by insect meal (black soldier fly larvae) at 25%, 50% or 100% FM replacement. Insect meal containing diets performed equally well as the FM group and increase in feed conversion efficiency was observed. Histology did not show any differences between any of the dietary groups and sensory testing of fillets did not reveal any significant difference (Lock et al., 2014). However, these authors did caution that the method of preparation of insect meal could impact performance.
Source: Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Profound knowledge of region-specific human ecological parameters is crucial for the sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical mountain forests in southern Ecuador, a region with heterogenic ethnic, socio-cultural and socio-economic structures. In order to satisfy the objectives of environmental protection on the one hand and the utilization claims of the local population on the other hand, detailed analysis of the following aspects is needed:
1. identification of sustainable land use options, especially regarding the use of nontimber forest products (NTFPs), and local agrobiodiversity;
2. investigation of traditional ecological knowledge, especially concerning the perception and evaluation of the natural environment by local ethnic groups;
3. analysis of livelihood strategies of small-scale farming households;
4. determination of the political and administrative use agreements including land tenure systems.
The ethnoecological approach, which has been applied in previous studies, will be maintained. Further, the research concept will be broadened towards human ecological and political ecological questions respecting livelihood strategies, land use conflicts and land tenure systems.


The Banana aroma is a scent that everyone knows well, but that few are able to identify in a blind smell test. If this aroma is weak, and it is part of a complex aromatic bouquet, it is more difficult to identify, but it gives a pleasant and important aromatic personality to the product being tasted.
In Beer, banana is a scent that is associated with the high fermentation process. It is a positive attribute in certain styles of beer (for example Weiss beer), but can also be considered a defect due to poor control methods in the fermentation process of other beer styles.
In Chocolate, it is one of the most typical fruit aromas found in cocoa beans. It is usually a more green scentthat of the unripe banana. It is frequently present in Nacional cocoa from Ecuador and Trinitario cocoa from Venezuela.
In Extra Virgin Olive Oil, the banana aroma is typical of many high-quality oils made from ripe olives. For example, it is often very evident in the Arbosana cultivar.
Click here to discover Chocolate Aromas, here for Extra Virgin Olive Oil Aromas.
Beer Aromas, coming soon!


Community Build Documentation
Discussion about the ZDoom community builds
Moderators: Enjay, Dev Builds Team
Dev Builds Team
Dev Builds Team
Posts: 2
Joined: Fri Jul 03, 2009 15:09
Community Build Documentation
Post by Dev Builds Team » Fri Jul 03, 2009 3:30
Since the stuff in the community builds is not in the wiki, it only makes sense that things used in the community build should be documented. Without further ado...
DECORATE functions:
A_RadiusPull(int force = 128, int distance = -1, bool affectsource = true)
A_Delay(int delay)
MAPINFO skill stuff:
MonsterHealth = float (relative to 1.0, which equals full health. <1.0 is a scale of less health, and >1.0 is a scale of more health)
FriendlyHealth = float
NoPain (If present, disables pain state for monsters)
New or modified actors:
More invisibility modes are available, including "Stencil", "Additive" and "Opaque".
A very powerful type of powerups, see this thread for more information.
An actor that gives a random inventory item when picked up. It can be used in two ways, one is consistent with the RandomSpawner method (a list of DropItems), the other is consistent with Skulltag's own RandomPowerup item and use the following restricted function to make it change what item it gives:
A_RandomPowerupFrame(class "InventoryItem")
DECORATE property:
Activation: modifies how the actor runs its special when triggered through the BUMPSPECIAL or USESPECIAL flags. The properties are cumulative and flaglike (can be prefixed with + to add them or - to remove them). (In the following, "thing" refers to the actor with a special and either or both of BUMPSPECIAL and USESPECIAL, "trigger" refers to the actor that bumped or used the thing.)
* ThingActs: the thing is the activator of the special, rather than the trigger. (Default behavior is the trigger is the activator.)
* ThingTargets: the thing changes its target to the trigger.
* TriggerTargets: the trigger changes its target to the thing.
* MonsterTrigger: the trigger can be a monster (default behavior is only players can be triggers).
* MissileTrigger: the trigger can be a missile (default behavior is only players can be triggers).
This property, combined with special ACS_Execute or its variants and SetActivatorToTarget, can offer an impressive flexibility for scripting effects.
Return to "Community Builds"


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Objective: This study developed an animal model of intracranial aneurysms suitable for evaluating emerging endovascular devices for aneurysmal therapy. We characterized the short-, medium-, and long-term attributes of this endovascular technique for saccular aneurysmal creation in the rabbit.
Materials and methods: The right common carotid artery was surgically exposed in nine New Zealand white rabbits. Using endovascular techniques, we occluded the origin of the right common carotid artery with a pliable balloon. Elastase was incubated endoluminally in the proximal common carotid artery above the balloon. The common carotid artery was ligated distally. Animals were studied angiographically and sacrificed at 2 weeks (n = 3), 10 weeks (n = 3), and 24 weeks (n = 3) after aneurysm creation. Histology was obtained.
Results: Saccular aneurysms formed in eight of the nine rabbits. The aneurysm projected from the apex of an approximately 90 degree curve of the parent vessel, the brachiocephalic artery. Mean aneurysm diameter was 4.5 mm (SD, 1.2 mm), and mean height was 7.5 mm (SD, 1.6 mm). All samples showed thinned elastic lamina and no evidence of inflammation. In four of eight aneurysms, unorganized thrombus was present in the dome of the aneurysm.
Conclusion: Arterial aneurysms with intact endothelium and deficient elastic lamina were reliably created in an area of high shear stress in New Zealand white rabbits. Three of these aneurysms remained patent for at least 6 months. We found a simple procedure that can be readily applied to the testing of new endovascular devices for a reliable creation of aneurysms in rabbits.


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An interferogram obtained by use of ordinary interferometers, such as Fizeau and Twyman-Green interferometers, will show a contour map of the wave front under test. A lateral-shearing interferogram, however, will show a contour map of the difference between the wave front under test and a sheared wave front, that is, a contour map of the derivative of the wave front under test. Therefore one can reconstruct the shape of the wave front under test by analyzing that difference. Many methods for reconstructing a wave front have been proposed. The Saunders method reconstructs a wave front; rapidly however the wave-front data are reconstructed only at intervals of the amount of shear along the direction of the shear. Therefore the method has low spatial resolution. A method for reconstructing a wave front that is based on the Saunders method and has high spatial resolution is proposed. The method analyzes the differences that are produced by shearing of the wave front under test in many directions. This method requires a large number of interferograms for reconstructing the wave front. Here the method is described, and its validity is confirmed by simulation.
© 2002 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
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Appl. Opt. 48(14) 2760-2766 (2009)


standards of one's company.
Given that, employees are gradually changing tasks to deal with brand-new business, socialization is essential just as much for the workers as it is for the business. A reliable business socializing treatment can effect in effective personnel, with positive work outlook who continue working with the business for a longer duration. While, unsuccessful socializing can cause impulsive with drawl of personnel from their new tasks or to their incompetence on the task, which regularly resumes the employment and choice stage for the company, leading to increased expense of time and resources.
Swot AnalysisThe following are the very best practices that the company carries out in socializing and on boarding of beginners:
- Perform basic concepts before the first day at business.
- Attempt to make very first day at business surprising.
- Design and perform formal orientation programs.
- Produce and applied composed on boarding techniques.
- Consistent application on boarding.
- Usage imagination, and promote the procedure.
- Develop link between the business and key stake holders
Feedback pursuing may also support brand-new workers. New staff members often do mistakes and might discover it amazing to understand and understand the favorable or unfavorable actions they get from coworkers. Through energetically pursuing feedback, brand-new workers can quickly learn about activities that are needed to be become know which actions suit best with corporation culture and prospects.
Details looking for is an important action for brand-new personnels that could assist them manage. New staff ask enquiries about varied features of their jobs, corporation events, and concerns, and take an energetic part in creating the sense of their environment. They may also pursue details by more submissive techniques, for instance, observing the environments, examining the corporation's site, checking out the worker guide book, and modifying other composed works. Conversely, only limited information about the corporation culture and other unwritten instructions will likely establish from such submissive approaches. Details acquired from administrators and coworkers is a primary part of finding out about the business's new environment.
The Practical task efficiencies. The company should provide a practical task preview to its employees, and corporation culture is alternative administrative technique to allow new worker socializing. Providing personnel with as much correct truths as possible, prior to hand they begin working for the company. By providing a realistic preview, the corporations may prepare possible staff, who are certainly the misfits to the business.
The mangers ought to arrange meetings so that brand-new staff members can share the problems they face in the company. They likewise arrange different training session that provide awareness on how to deal with various troublesome scenario.
Executive Summary Swot Analysis Vrio Analysis Pestel Analysis
Porters Analysis Recommendations


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Fires and smoke in Indochina
Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA/GSFC
Biomass burning appeared to be increasing across Southeast Asia as February turned over to March. This image from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Aqua satellite shows widespread burning across the region on March 2, 2004, with active fire detections marked in red. The fires burning in recent days are smokier than those detected earlier in February, with smoke pooling in the valleys in the mountainous terrain of northern Thailand and northwest Laos. In the morning overpass, taken by the Terra satellite, fewer fires are visible, though a haze of smoke from previous fires lingers over the land. Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and China are visible in this image.


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By David Davis
Dixie James, of Valley Springs, Calaveras County, is in many ways typical of the sharp-memoried "old timers" who are helping us to reconstruct the early history of White Pines. She is one of the few people remaining in the area who lived in one of the original tents that were set up in 1939, where White Pines Lake now sits. Her husband then was Roy Larson, who was a setter in the mill, meaning he "set" each log in the correct position in the steam-run log carriage that pushed logs against the main saw.
For a short time, Dixie and Roy lived with their two children in a large tent south of the mill. She says that she and Roy were lucky because they actually had two tents that were fastened together. In those first days the mill's generator had not been hooked up yet, and the only light at night was from kerosene lamps and hurricane lanterns. The Larsons brought their own cookstove from Calpine, where the entire White Pines operation originated, and this stove kept the family warm until finally, in November of 1939, the cold and the snow made it necessary for all tent dwellers to move to some cabins in Arnold.
The next spring, however, the Larsons and most other families who had left their tents for the winter began to build small houses. The mill not only provided free lumber, it also allowed them to occupy, rent free, property owned by the mill.
What some people do not realize is that there was a second, smaller Blagen sawmill at Toyon, between San Andreas and Valley Springs. By 1941 Roy was offered a job as sawyer there, which was "one step higher," with better pay. Toyon was also the location of two other facilities that were essential to the entire Blagen operation: the extensive drying stacks and a veneer plant that made veneer box-tops.
During World War II, Dixie and approximately 20 other women worked in the veneer plant sorting pieces of wood according to quality and grade. Before the 1940's it was rare for women to hold industrial jobs. Dixie's factory job was part of an effort to aid U. S. Armed Forces, and the plant's production coincides with the war's dates: it began production in 1941 and closed down in 1946. (The U. S. entered the War in December of 1941, and the War ended in 1945.) The Blagen Mill was later given a special Army and Navy award for its contribution towards winning the war.


In the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, between the American and the European continent's, there is a small archipelago called the Azores. 9 are its islands, all of them inhabited, all different, all beautiful!
In Terceira Island, so named because it was the third island of the archipelago to be discovered in the fifteenth century, is the city of Angra do Heroismo, the set of exciting worldwide historic moments. It is, since 1983, classified as World Heritage by UNESCO.
It's in this county, in one of its rural parishes - Santa Barbara - that we are. At the foothills of the Serra of Santa Barbara, watching the sea and surrounded by the green of the rural environment.
We are simple. We like small details to feel happy: nature, comfort, to be spoiled...
Pico da Vigia


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SAN FRANCISCO – If you want to ferret out uranium's hiding place in contaminated soil, freeze the dirt and zap it with a black light, an environmental scientist reported Tuesday at the American Chemical Society national meeting.
Scientists have long known that uranium salts under ultraviolet light will glow an eerie greenish-yellow in the dark. This phenomenon sent Henri Bequerel down the path that led to his discovery of radioactivity a century ago.
Others since noted a peculiar feature about the UV glow, or fluorescence spectra, of uranium salts: The resolution of the spectral fingerprint becomes sharper as the temperature falls.
Zheming Wang, a staff scientist at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Wash., has now dusted the frost off the files, applying a technique called cryogenic fluorescence spectroscopy to uranium in contaminated soil at a former nuclear fuel manufacturing site.
By cooling the sediments to minus 267 degrees Celsius, near the temperature of liquid helium, Wang and colleagues at the PNNL-based W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory hit a sample with UV laser on a contaminated sample to coax a uranium fluorescence intensity of more than five times that at room temperature.
What is more, other spectra that were absent at room temperature popped out when frozen, enabling Wang and colleagues to distinguish different forms of uranium from one another, including uranium-carbonate that moves readily underground and is a threat to water supplies.
PNNL is a DOE Office of Science laboratory that solves complex problems in energy, national security, the environment and life sciences by advancing the understanding of physics, chemistry, biology and computation. PNNL employs 4,200 staff, has an annual budget of more than $725 million, and has been managed by Ohio-based Battelle since the lab's inception in 1965.
Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.


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Crabs sound out their ideal reef home
Coastal acoustics Sounds given off by coastal reefs help crab larvae to settle into their ideal coastal home, say New Zealand researchers.
Marine scientist Dr Jenni Stanley and colleagues from the University of Auckland report their findings today in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
"The reef is a very very noisy place," says Stanley, who says there is a range of noises produced by reef-dwelling animals.
These include low-frequency grunts and howls from fighting and mating fish, the click of crustacean claws and the chorus of sea urchin teeth grazing on algae, she says.
"The noisiest organism is the snapping shrimp that produce a pop and crackle that sounds like something frying in a fry pan."
Stanley says previous studies have found such sounds, which can reach up to 130 decibels, help guide marine larvae towards the coast where they mature and reproduce.
She and colleagues studied the role of sound in the helping five species of marine crabs to settle on coastal reefs.
The crab larvae swim sometimes tens of kilometres from offshore to the coast. When they find a suitable home, they mature by metamorphosing into an adult crab form that is more suitable for crawling than swimming.
Stanley and colleagues have found that as well as telling the crab larvae which way the coast is, reef sounds also help them to settle and mature in the right place.
Stanley recorded the sound made by a coastal reef, a harbour and a sandy beach all on the same part of the coast and played these different sounds back to different groups of crab larvae in the lab.
She then measured how long it took the different groups to mature into adult crabs.
Stanley found the time to metamorphosis was shortened by 33 to 47 per cent when the crabs heard the sound of their ideal coastal reef, compared to the sound of a sandy beach.
"The time to metamorphosis was a lot shorter when they were played the sound of an ideal habitat," she says.
Field-based experiments found the time to metamorphosis was shortened by about 21 to 34 per cent.
The relative delay in metamorphosis that occurs when larvae hear their non-ideal environment gives them time to keep looking for the right home.
"If they go to an unideal habitat, sink down to the bottom, have a look around and realise this isn't actually where they want to be, they can rise back up into the water column and do another search pattern for a more appropriate habitat," says Stanley.


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Tips to keep your home warm and safe this winter
1) Your Boiler During the winter months your gas boiler is placed under extra pressure, so it's no surprise that during the winter period your boiler is at higher risk of breakdown or total failure, to reduce this risk our advise is to ensure you get your boiler checked and serviced before the cold weather sets in and always make sure your engineer is Gas Safe Registered
2) Carbon Monoxide Carbon monoxide is the silent killer, carbon monoxide is a highly poisonous gas and can be produced by gas burning appliances if they are burning incorrectly, the toxic gas has no smell, no taste and is absorbed into the blood stream 250 times faster than oxygen, for these reasons it is a good idea to get a carbon monoxide detector installed and they can be purchased for less than £20, if you already have one installed make sure it is tested regularly.
3) System Efficiency Did you know? According to the energy saving trust having a room thermostat installed could save you up to £70 per year and by turning it down by just 1 degree could save u up to £50 per year.


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Scaffolding: Using Formal Contracts to Build Informal Relations to Support Innovation
In a study that follows in Macaulay's (1963) footsteps, we asked businesses what role formal contract law plays in managing their external relationships. We heard similar answers to the ones Macaulay obtained fifty years ago from companies who described important but non-innovation-oriented external relationships. But we also uncovered an important phenomenon: companies that described innovation-oriented external relationships reported making extensive use of formal contracts to plan and manage these relationships. They do not, however, generate these formal contracts in order to secure the benefits of a credible threat of formal contract enforcement; instead, like Macaulay's original respondents, they largely relied on relational tools such as termination and reputation to induce compliance. In this paper we first present examples of this phenomenon from our interview respondents, and then consider how conventional models of relational contracting can be enriched to take account of a very different role for formal contracting, independent of formal enforcement. In particular, we propose that formal contracting–meaning the use of formal documents together with the services of an institution of formal contract reasoning–serves to coordinate beliefs about what constitutes a breach of a highly ambiguous set of obligations. This coordination supports implementation of strategies that induce compliance –despite the presence of substantial ambiguity ex ante at the time of contracting–with what is fundamentally still a relational contract.
Gillian K. Hadfield and Iva Bozovic. 2013. "Scaffolding: Using Formal Contracts to Build Informal Relations to Support Innovation" The SelectedWorks of Gillian K Hadfield
Available at: _URL_


Ship Design
Our core business is sailing ship design. Here are some examples of what we do:
Sailing school ships
Operational replica vessels
Passenger carrying vessels (Subchapter "T")
Museum ship historic replicas
Our design specialty has been large sailing vessels: SSV's (sailing school ships), Subchapter-T passenger carrying vessels, and sailing replicas. All of these tend to be one of a kind with extremely varied mission requirements. The design solution is complex -- particularly when working with regulatory bodies. Our design philosophy is founded in the understanding that the ship is just one part of a transportation, passenger carrying or educational system. The vessel's ability to function in its desired capacity depends on how well that system is understood by the designer. A successful design fulfills the owners goals for the vessel -- this is true from the smallest yacht to the largest ocean carrier. That set of goals is called its mission statement. The initial concept coupled with the mission statement are the first step in the design process. A clear understanding of the performance goals is essential in the preliminary design stages. Identifying limits early on helps define the basic parameters of the design and to put the different requirements of the mission statement in proper priority.
We are known for traditional designs that recall the great yachts of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. William Fife, G.L. Watson, and N.G. Herreshoff are the masters of the past who we look to for modern inspiration. These men designed sailing yachts before the era of auxiliary engines -- they had to be handy and weatherly. Unfortunately, since the 1930's the gaff rig has become rare and only seen on historic replica vessels. We believe it still has a lot to recommend it and favor it for all our larger, traditional sailing yacht designs. For custom sailing yacht less than 100' LOA we like to use wood. Ocean going yachts exist in a harsh environment -- sea water is corrosive, cold and electrically conductive. Wood is a good thermal insulator and doesn't rust. It's also comparatively inexpensive, easy to work with and builds a beautifully fair boat.
Sailing School Ships
Some people argue that sail training is anachronistic, and that the skills taught there are no longer needed in the modern world. True, few of us really need to know how to set and strike topsails, splice a halyard, or steer a ship at night on the South Atlantic from an open bridge. However, the main skills learned are teamwork, self-discipline and confidence -- still valid after all these years.
GC OB profile
120' topsail schooner Great Circle
The fact is that modern SSV's spend most of their lives sailing coastwise and a vessel that is not handy, or can not go to windward under sail will simply spend most of its time powering. Likewise, the largest sailing school ships are prevented by their size and drafts from going to many desirable ports. That's why our new SSV designs are sharp schooners and barkentines with high sail area to displacement ratios and relatively little draft. Our latest design is a direct descendant of the clipper ships - the greatest sailing vessels of all times. Like her predecessors, she will have great power, speed and flexibility to sail in the ocean and coastwise. Unlike them, she will be equipped with efficient engines and modern communication equipment that will allow her to avoid hurricanes or just keep a schedule. Designed purely as a sail training ship, she will be a safe haven to her passengers and crew, an object of pride to her owners, and pure beauty to all who see her
There are no public SSV's in this country aside from the USCG Eagle. We believe that sail training is needed in this country, especially for troubled young men. On average it costs about $50,000 per year to incarcerate a kid in a correctional facility in the US. Wouldn't it be better to spent that money removing him from a corrosive environment and sending him to sea? What is more likely to allow a complete change in a young man's life -- a year in a juvenile jail or a year subject to the discipline of the sea?
Without a doubt, shipbuilding in the US was the most prolific and influential between the end of the Revolutionary War and the beginning of the US Civil War. This was Age of Sail and reached its peak during 1849 - 53 when wooden clipper ships broke records sailing around Cape Horn to San Francisco. These vessels, and their immediate predecessors the North Atlantic Packets, carried passengers across the oceans, operating without engines and largely without tugs. They evolved to be fast, weatherly and handy, qualities that were not designed for in the later bulk carriers.
Long after steam ships had taken over the passenger and high value freight trades, bulk cargos like coal, wheat and nitrate were still carried by sailing ship. By the end of the nineteenth century, these vessels grew to the then enormous size of 5,000 tons or more. They were relatively burdensome ships that were designed to sail economically before the wind. Unfortunately, many of the later bulk carriers actually became sail training vessels like the gigantic Kruzenstern. Even vessels designed specifically as sailing school ships were modeled after these freighters
Great Circle
GC IB profile
Inboard profile
We designed this new sailing training vessel for the Ocean Classroom Foundation, which also owns the schooners Harvey Gamage and Spirit of Massachusetts.
Principal Dimensions
124 ft
12.5 ft
100.0 ft
270 Ltons
27.0 ft
25.3 ft
Sail area
6120 ft2
Prime Meridian
43m Barkentine Prime Meridian
Principal Particulars
43 m
Range (power)
5000 n.m.
9.1 m
Endurance (full complement)
30 days
4 m
mild steel
350 tonnes
Lloyd's +100A1
Speed (power)
12 knots
Speed (sail)
14 knots
US SSV All Oceans
Subchapter "T" Passenger Carrying Vessels
Subchapter "T" is the least onerous of US regulations governing passenger carrying vessels. To qualify as a "T-boat" a vessel must carry less than 149 passengers and admeasure less than 100 gross tons. In addition to the restriction on gross tonnage, sailing T-boats have extremely highly regulated stability. Some well-intentioned designs have largely failed as T-boats due to a lack of understanding of (or a disregard for) the regulations by the designers and builders. Some well-known sailing "T" boats are: Amistad, Spirit of South Carolina, Pride of Baltimore II and Virginia.
The Schooner Virginia
Principal Dimensions
121.8 ft
12.25 ft
160 Ltons
Sail area
6438 ft2
The Schooner Virginia is licensed as both a small passenger carrying vessel and a sailing school ship on ocean routes. She has an International Load Line. Tri-Coastal Marine designed this magnificent vessel and built it on site in Norfolk, Virginia.
Tonnage measurement
T-boats have to be less than 100 gross tons. That tonnage can be measured in two different ways: the "Standard" system (US only) and the Conventions system (everywhere else). While the two systems both measure internal "useable" volume and should give similar results, the "standard" system is possible to manipulate to get a lower gross tonnage. There are vessels which measure would measure 6000 GT under the Convention (i.e., rational system), but less than 100 GT under the Standard system.
A great deal of our work is reducing "admeasured" tonnage with tonnage reduction techniques permitted under the Standard system. This old system dates back before modern metal shipbuilding, and hence is very easy to game on metal ships. It is much more difficult to achieve large tonnage reduction on wooden ships.
Contact us


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Food Matters: Prolegomena to a Eucharistic Discourse
Montoya, Angel F. Mendez, Department of Religious Studies, University of Virginia
Bouchard, Larry, Department of Religious Studies, University of Virginia
Introduction Food-talk: overlapping matters I Ch apter One The Making of Mexican Molli and Alimentary Theology in the Making 1 Ch apter Two Sabor/Saber: Taste and the Eros of Cognition 49 Ch apter Th ree Being Nourished: Food Matters 96 Ch apter Fou r Sharing in the Body of Christ and the Theopolitics of Superabundance 149 Conclusion Food-notes: Prolegomena to a Eucharistic Discourse 214 i ABSTRACT Food Matters: Prolegomena to a Eucharistic Discourse Angel F. Méndez Montoya, OP In general terms, food matters. It displays a complex inter-relation between self and other; object and subject; appetite and alimentation; aesthetics, ethics, and politics; nature and culture; and creation and divinity. In particular, this reading of food can cast light on what it means to practice theology, and why it so relevant for theology to be attentive to matters regarding food, and also the lack thereof. For, from a Catholic perspective, this thesis envisions God both as superabundance and intraTrinitarian self-sharing of a nurturing Love, Truth, Goodness, and Beauty. God's gift is further shared with Creation and humanity. Creation is a cosmic banquet and interdependent network of edible signs that participates in God's nurturing sharing. The incarnation is a continuation of God's kenotic sharing, that, at the Eucharistic banquet performs a more radical form of self-giving by becoming food itself with the purpose of incorporating humanity into Christ's body, which already participates of the life of the Trinitarian community. Because food matters, theology's vocation is thus to become "alimentary," re-orienting the inter-dependency between human communities, humanity with the ecology, and all creation with God. By looking at some cultural and material practices and food narratives, this work creates a dialogue that constructs a multi-faceted Eucharistic discourse, arguing that food is not "just food." This will become more apparent when reflecting on the overlapping of both talking about how food can provide a greater awareness of partaking of the Eucharistic banquet, and also about how a discourse on a Eucharistic, 'alimentary theology' can provide discipline and guidance for our daily food practices, which, in turn challenge us to better nurture one another. At the end, however, since this dissertation envisions God as the ultimate source that nurtures all ii theological practice, and this same God exists as surplus of meaning, this work situates itself within a milieu of mystery. For this reason the following is only a prolegomena to a Eucharistic discourse: perpetually open to yet more elaboration, and responsive to the touching, tasting, and nourishment of God's superabundant selfgiving.
Note: Abstract extracted from PDF text
PHD (Doctor of Philosophy)
All rights reserved (no additional license for public reuse)


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Paper discussed: Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., & Byers, J. W. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of marketing research, 54(5), 687-705
Peer-to-peer markets, also known as the sharing economy, has enabled people to collaboratively make use of underutilized inventory through fee-based sharing. The rapid growth of peer-to-peer platforms has arguably been enabled by two key factors: technology innovations and supply-side flexibility. This study analyzes Airbnb's entry into the state of Texas and quantifies the impact on the Texas hotel industry between 2008 and 2014. The paper contributes to the growing literature on multi-sided platform competition, as Airbnb is an example of a two-sided platform. Besides, the work contributes to the existing literature by focusing on the impact of external shocks on the tourism and the hospitality industry. The researchers expect that some stays on the Airbnb platform will substitute certain hotel accommodations. This can significantly affect the hotel revenue. Though, the authors note that the impact differs per geographic region, hotel market segment and season.
In order to quantify the extent to which Airbnb's entry has negatively affected the hotel room revenue, the researchers gathered data from various sources. The Airbnb platform was the main source of data for this study. Additionally, the monthly room revenue from 3,000 hotels in Texas together with several other datasets were included in this study to account for the information on control variables and in order to conduct robustness checks.
After collecting the necessary data, a difference in differences (DD) empirical strategy is conducted to identify the causal impact of Airbnb on hotel revenue. This strategy identifies the Airbnb treatment effect by comparing differences in revenue for hotels affected by Airbnb before and after Airbnb's entry with a baseline of differences in revenue for hotels that were not affected by Airbnb in the same period. To perform the analysis, they regress against two measures of Airbnb supply, namely a cumulative measure of all Airbnb listings and an instantaneous measure that defines supply as those Airbnb listings active within a short period. In all their specifications, they included a set of control variables that vary over time. For example, control variables such as population, wages, unemployment, total hotel room supply, airport passengers counts and TripAdvisor ratings were taken into account for each hotel as a proxy for quality. Also, they included city-specific trends and city-month dummies to account for seasonal differences in demand across the different markets. Finally, they have conducted several robustness check in order to support the causal interpretation of the estimates.
The authors found that, in Texas, each additional 10% increase in the size of the Airbnb market resulted in a.39% decrease in hotel room revenue. These effects are primarily driven by Austin, where Airbnb inventory has grown extremely rapidly over the last years, resulting in an estimated revenue impact of 8%-10% for the most vulnerable hotels in Austin. Accordingly, the researchers found that the impact of Airbnb is bigger on cheaper hotels in comparison with expensive hotels. The impact of Airbnb also falls disproportionately on hotels lacking conference facilities. Another finding is related to type of hotel; chain hotels tend to be less affected by Airbnb than independent hotels. This can be explained by the fact that chain hotels have a larger marketing budget and can thus benefit from their stronger brand identity. To conclude, the research showed that Airbnb is flexible in terms of their ability to flexibly scale instantaneous supply in response to seasonal demand, whereas hotels lack the flexibility. This has significantly limited hotels' pricing power during periods of peak demand.
4. Strengths & Weaknesses
The main limitation of this study is related to the representativeness of this study since the AirBnb effect on the hotel industry is only studied in Texas. The generalizability of the findings should be taken into account considering the volatility of the housing market and the sensitivity of the hotel industry towards economic differences and other dynamics influencing supply and demand for accommodation. Though, the research uses a diverse set of data sources and controls for various exogenous variables (e.g. population, wages, unemployment and total hotel room supply). The authors point a similar limitation In addition, the study investigates multiple cities in a large state and the data is collected in a time period of 6 years (2008-2014). On the one hand, the long time period adds to the level of reliability and consistency of the research. On the other hand, the timing of the data period (2008-2014) yields a point of discussion since it investigated the vacation rental platform before the explosion of peer-2-peer networks happened.
Another limitation of this paper is related to the analyzed properties, the authors only consider AirBnb as the main peer-to-peer platform, whereas other vacation rental platforms such as HomeAway and VRBO do gain traction as well and might influence the negative on the hotel industry as studied. Also, the authors of the research add that only short run implications are considered by including only two metrics; price and occupancy rate. A longer time scale is not included, this reasons that the authors did not include the longer time scale is arguable. Further research can take the findings of this research as a starting point to study possible ways to respond to peer-to-peer platforms such as AirBnb. For example, alterations of investment schedules can be analyzed or effect of government regulations can be taken into account.
Overall the paper considers the short-term effect of the peer-to-peer platform AirBnb on the revenue stream of the hotel industry in Texas. Strengths of this paper are mainly related to the comprehensive investigation of the AirBnb platform, economy and housing market in Texas including controlling for exogenous factors such as airport passengers counts and TripAdvisor ratings. Not to mention the wide time span of six years (2008-2014). All strengths of this research considered, generalizability is a main concern of the findings. Though, the research takes a first step in quantifying the effect on society by analyzing AirBnb which contributes to the recent development of peer-to-peer networks in the raising sharing economy. By quantifying the effect through including several reliable data sources (e.g. platform itself and the monthly room revenue from 3,000 hotels in Texas), control variables and other exogenous factors, the study does provide practical relevance in terms of showing the exact effect in percentages and how the researched variables account for differences in the effect. The study is therefore relevant for society and other countries as well as governmental bodies, consumers and the hotel industry itself.
Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., & Byers, J. W. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of marketing research, 54(5), 687-705


Scientists create epidermis that could replace animal testing
By Amanda Stewart,
Artificial epidermis grown by scientists in a lab could potentially replace animals in drug and cosmetic testing.
The findings of this study are published in the journal Stem Cell Reports.
According to The Daily Mail, scientists, in both the United Kingdom and the United States, have been able to produce fragments of epidermis (the outermost layer of skin) using stem cells.
The epidermis is in place in order to protect the body from the external environment. Until now, the engineers working on recreating the epidermis have been unable to create a layer of skin that is functional as a protective barrier.
They believe that in the near future these layers of skin grown in a lab could limit the suffering of animal testing, according to Science World Report.
"The ability to obtain an unlimited number of genetically identical units can be used to study a range of conditions where the skin's barrier is defective due to mutations in genes involved in skin barrier formation, such as ichthyosis (dry, flaky skin) or atopic dermatitis," said Theodora Mauro, a researcher from the study. "We can use this model to study how the skin barrier develops normally, how the barrier is impaired in different diseases and how we can simulate its repair and recovery."
These skin samples could also lead to more understanding of skin disorders, such as eczema.
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- Explain the importance of Salesforce user records.
- Explain the difference between deactivating and freezing a user record.
- Explain how a user can become locked and unlocked.
- Explain the concept of record ownership.
- Describe the capabilities of queues.
- Describe which objects support queues.
- Explain the difference between user and feature licenses.
- Explain how licensing influences what actions a user can perform.
- Explain the implications of user localization settings.
- Describe the translation capabilities of Salesforce.
- Describe the different methods that can be used to authenticate to Salesforce.
- Describe identity verification, and under what conditions it occurs.
- Describe how to monitor and remove activations.
- Describe the security token, and under what conditions it is required.
- Describe the steps required to login as another user.
- Describe a session, and what settings influence sessions.
- Describe how to monitor and remove sessions.
- User Setup – Module Checkpoint
Explain how licensing influences what actions a user can perform.
The combination of a user's license(s) and permissions determine what data they can access and what actions they can perform within Salesforce.
For example, to create a campaign within Salesforce, the user must have the Salesforce user license (or similar), the Marketing User feature license, and the permission to create campaign records (discussed in Security and Access ).
Resources for this Objective
Overview of Salesforce.com User Records
Video Must 10m CertifiedOnDemand.com
ARVE Error: API endpoint returned a 403 error. This can occur when a video has embedding disabled or restricted to certain domains.


How Much Water Should You Be Drinking During Pregnancy?
Is being pregnant driving you to drink? As a mum-to-be, it's absolutely essential to keep hydrated and be doubly sure that you're drinking enough water.
Drinking plenty of water is so important when you're pregnant. Here's why it's so essential during pregnancy to stay hydrated, plus how many glasses mum-to-be's should aim to drink each day.
Here's a few need to know benefits to how much water your need to prevent haemorrhoids and other pregnancy symptoms, to ensure your water intake is safe is more important than ever.
Why is it important to hydrate during pregnancy?
Ever wonder how all the good stuff in the prenatal vitamins and healthy foods you're faithfully consuming every day are shipped to your foetus? It all starts with water, which helps your body absorb essentials nutrients into the cells and transports vitamins, minerals and hormones to the blood cells. It's those nutrient-rich blood cells that reach the placenta and ultimately your baby — all with the help of H2O.
How much water should you drink during pregnancy?
You'll need more water to keep your system running for two during pregnancy. Though it really varies based on your body type and size, how active you are, and so on, the general rule of thumb is somewhere between eight and 10 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Be sure to talk to your practitioner about what works for you and your situation.
Be sure to sip before, during and after you exercise, or if you find yourself outside on a hot day. Note, too, that if you feel thirsty, it's a sign that your body is already on its way to being dehydrated.
How can you tell if you're getting enough? If your trips to the bathroom are frequent and your urine is pale or colourless, your drinking is on track.
What are the benefits of staying hydrated during pregnancy?
 1. Prevents constipation and haemorrhoids. Now that you're pregnant you're not just eating and drinking for two, you are also excreting for two. That means you'll have trash to get out your system, more than ever before. Keeping hydrated will help dissolve the waste products and flush them through your system.
 - Avoid overheating. If you drink water during pregnancy, you can keep the body's cooling system running smoothly - even when your inner thermostat is cranked all the way up - by dispersing excess heat in the form of sweat.
 - Fights fatigue. An ample flow of fluids also keeps pregnancy fatigue in check - one of the first symptoms of dehydration is exhaustion - and can keep headaches at bay (another dehydration symptom).
What other drinks can you drink during pregnancy?
Maybe you're fancying something a little different, that's no problem - There are plenty other liquids that might just fit the cut:
 - Milk (a small glass of skimmed milk yields just under 200ml of water)
 - Sparkling or flavoured waters
 - Fruit and vegetable juices (watch out for added sugar in fruit juice and added sodium in veggie drinks)
 - Decaffeinated teas
You should, however, limit your intake of soda, as well as other beverages containing caffeine, since they have a diuretic effect.
Is it safe to drink tap water when you're pregnant?
It's never a bad idea to assess the cleanliness of your drinking water — and that's especially true when you're pregnant. While most of the water you drink likely comes from public water systems and is generally safe to drink, it can be contaminated with high levels of chemicals that could harm a foetus, including lead, mercury and arsenic. In addition, there is increasing evidence that BPA (an industrial chemical that mimics oestrogen and is found in some plastics) can be problematic when you're expecting.
Did you know?
20% of your daily water intake comes from food sources. Fruits pack the most water: One 130g of watermelon or cantaloupe provides just under 150ml of water; a medium-size pear or 130g of strawberries provides about 130ml; a medium size orange has 120ml.
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A New Approach to Water Education: Children's Water Festivalsby Darell D. Zimbelman, (F.ASCE), Colorado Water Conservancy District, Loveland, United States,
Brian R. Werner, Colorado Water Conservancy District, Loveland, United States,
Document Type: Proceeding Paper
Part of: Water Policy and Management: Solving the Problems
Abstract: A number of Colorado water agencies, school districts, and municipal utilities have combined efforts recently to coordinate a relatively new concept in water education - Children's Water Festivals. The Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District has organized five of these, has participated in at least six others, and is currently coordinating additional festivals throughout its service area in northeastern Colorado. Started as a means to better educate and inform elementary-age children about the importance of water these festivals have done just that. The end result is to have these students become better informed citizens in the future, particularly as they regard water issues.
Subject Headings: Water management | Municipal water | Education | Water supply systems | Water resources | Municipal wastewater | Water conservation | Lifeline systems | North America | Colorado | United States
Services: Buy this book/Buy this article
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Imaginative or creative writing, especially of recognized artistic value: literature it gave the scholar certain powers of expression, the power of speech,. This webpage is for dr wheeler's literature students, and it offers introductory survey information concerning the literature of the english expression,. Literary terms & devices the basic items that make up a work of literature: the expression of sequential or related thoughts using the same syntactical.
Download and read love in literature studies in symbolic expression love in literature studies in symbolic expression many people are trying to. Page 1: definition, characteristics, and causes of written expression difficulties what is writing writing is a form of communication that allows students to put. Synonyms for expression at thesauruscom with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions find descriptive alternatives for expression. Heejung kim is currently an associate professor at the department of psychology, ucsb she received her first ba in french literature from ewha womans' university.
This handout gives a rundown of some important terms and concepts used when talking and writing about literature. Course syllabus for engl203: cultural and literary expression in the 18 th and 19 th they helped to create literature as a new discipline distinct from yet. Literature definition is - literary culture writings having excellence of form or expression and expressing ideas of permanent or universal interest.Expressionism is an early 20th century style of music and literature that is charged with an the'self expression' in the art of vincent van gogh and. Definition and a list of examples of colloquialism colloquialism refers to the usage of informal or everyday language in literature. Literature at the turn of the century lawrence's last major novel and an expression of his belief in the possibility of personal fulfillment through sexual. The literature reflected what was happening in america on the social and political arena in the sixties authors wrote about gender, race, homosexuality, feminism and. Glossary of literary terms jump to written, or literary expression a handbook to literature. The price is the lowest for any condition, which may be new or used other conditions may also be available rental copies must be returned at the end of the. Les différentes formes d'expression théâtrale, qui peuvent être rapprochés de la notion aristotélicienne de mimèse, le fait de montrer des choses.
Looking for examples of euphemism here are many different examples, showing a wide variety of euphemisms. A number of expressionists shared the "belief that literature was capable of effecting profound the significance of german expression is in its ephemeral. Bionovus life sciences web page for requesting/downloading catalogues and other literature from oxford expression technologies. Expressionism: expressionism, artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects.
Microsoft expression web 4 step by step [chris leeds] on amazoncom free shipping on qualifying offers the smart way to learn microsoft® expression® web 4. Definition of expression - the action of making known one's thoughts or feelings, a look on someone's face that conveys a particular emotion, a word or phras. The universality of facial expressions of emotion with the ability to replay and freeze-frame on the expression to as discussed in the literature on.
All literature resources proteins the national center for biotechnology information advances science and health by providing access to genes & expression. Art is nothing but the expression of our expressionism emerged simultaneously in various cities across germany as a response to a widespread anxiety about. This is the double pulse of the expression of erotic love in literature, but that tradition in love-literature which sets a transcendent value on love,. Useful phrases the lists below 412 literature review/summary of previous research we shall write the above expression as in this way we obtain.Download
2018. Education database.


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The rarest and most joyous gemstone from the chalcedony family. The Greek translation means 'gold' and 'leek,' referring to the wonderful leek green colouring of the stone. Traditionally it has always symbolized happiness, enterprise and is believed to encourage common sense. In the 18th century, thieves actually believed that by placing this stone in their mouth would make them invisible. We can't guarantee that but it was the favourite stone of Queen Anne and that's good enough for us.
Chrysoprase | Apple Green Chalcedony
While some chalcedony varieties, such as "mtorolite" from Zimbabwe,get their green color from chromium, chrysoprases colour is derived from a presence of nickel. Some of the most valuable stones come from Australia, and so it is often referred to as 'Australian Jade'.
Wear this stone at work for inspiration and innovative ideas. Believed to be a calming stone that helps those who wear it work through their problems, and achieve success in new ventures.
Happiness, Enterprise and Common Sense. Chrysoprase, is the straight talking stone of choice in the Auree Office.


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According to my math book, in order to find the intersecting line between two planes we need to:
 1. Find the vector product of the direction normals of the two planes
 2. Write the equations of the planes in Cartesian form.
 3. Assume that $z=0$ since the line has to intersect this plane.
 4. Solve simultaneously for a point on the line and write down a vector equation of the line
What is meant by point 3? I'm having problems visualizing it. Please be explicit.
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
To find the line of intersection, you need two pieces of information. The direction of the line as a vector and a point on the line. Step 3 and the first part of step 4 is about locating a single point on the line of intersection. Since you are only looking for a point, you might as well assume $z=0$, to reduce your two plane equations to two equations in two unknowns which can be solved simultaneously. Now this might not always work. Sometimes the line of intersection happens to be parallel to the $z=0$ plane. In that case you could try $y=0$ or $x=0$. (One of these is sure to work.)
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Thank you for your answer. I realize why we assume $z=0$ equation-wise, but I didn't really get the vector-space explanation. If by plane they mean the $z$-axis, the intersecting line does NOT always have to intersect it (in case of one of the planes being parallel to the $y$-axis for instance). Then you have to try with either $x=0$ or $y=0$ like you said. If there really isn't anything more to it, than I guess the problem here is the vague(incorrect) explanation in my math book - am I correct? – Milosz Wielondek Mar 16 '11 at 11:24
I agree with you except that $z=0$ represents the $xy$-plane, not the $z$-axis. Still, if your book says that $z=0$ always works, then it is not quite right. – Grumpy Parsnip Mar 16 '11 at 11:28
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Famous Women in Astronomy
Part of the Astronomy For Dummies Cheat Sheet
When you're studying astronomy don't forget the women that made an impact in the field. Check out this list of amazing achievements by women astronomers and astrophysicists:
Caroline Herschel (1750–1848) Discovered eight comets.
Annie Jump Cannon (1863–1941) Devised the basic method for classifying the stars.
Henrietta Swan Leavitt (1868–1921) Discovered the first accurate method for measuring great distances in space.
Sally Ride (1951–2012) A trained astrophysicist, she is the first American woman in space.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell Discovered pulsars in her work as a graduate student.
E. Margaret Burbidge Pioneered modern studies of galaxies and quasars.
Wendy Freedman Leader in measuring the expansion rate of the universe.
Carolyn C. Porco Leads the Cassini imaging science team in the study of Saturn and its moons and rings.
Nancy G. Roman As NASA's first chief astronomer, she led the development of telescopes in space.
Vera C. Rubin Investigated the rotation of galaxies and detected the existence of dark matter.
Carolyn Shoemaker Discovered many comets, including one that smashed into Jupiter.
Jill Tarter Leader in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.


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Our researchers contribute to the creation of sustainable infrastructure, delivering valuable benefits to the community, economy and environment.
Civil engineering focuses on infrastructure, energy, geomatics, water and environmental engineering. Sub disciplines include structures and materials, transport, project management, geotechnical and reservoir engineering, sustainable buildings and ocean engineering.
Spatial information underpins the digital transformation of society. Geomatics studies the production, management, analysis and communication of spatial information. This includes disaster management, land administration, measurement science and 3D modelling, smart cities, smart buildings, and smart mobility, spatial data infrastructure, spatial data infrastructure.
Environmental hydrology and water resources
We focus on the broad topics of: hydrological processes; ecohydraulics; and environmental sensing and modelling.


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Laser Tracking
This example shows how to track a moving laser dot.
Using the Image Acquisition Toolbox™, image data streams from a camera are acquired directly into MATLAB®. These images are used to track objects in the camera's view. For this example, the object being tracked is the dot produced by a laser pointer.
The monitor of a computer running MATLAB is placed in the camera's view while a laser pointer shines a red dot on a MATLAB figure window. The camera is used to acquire images of the MATLAB figure window while the laser pointer moves around. By tracking the movement of the laser dot, the laser pointer can be used as a pointer device similar to a mouse.
The first task involves calibrating the data to establish a relationship between the acquired image pixels and the MATLAB figure axes. Once this relationship is established, the laser dot can be tracked as it moves around within the MATLAB figure window.
This example uses a set of utility functions that aid in the processing of images. These utility functions require the Image Processing Toolbox™ and can be found in the following directory:
 - MATLABROOT\toolbox\imaq\imaqdemos\html\laserTracking
Physical Setup
Focus a camera onto the screen of a computer that MATLAB is running on.
It is best to have the ambient light in the room minimized. This example has been successfully run in auditoriums using a projector.
Configure the Acquisition
An image acquisition device will be used to acquire image data to perform the calibration and laser tracking. The device used will be a generic Windows® video WebCam.
% Add the directory containing the utility functions to the MATLAB path.
utilpath = fullfile(matlabroot, 'toolbox', 'imaq', 'imaqdemos',...
 'html', 'applications', 'laserTracking');
% Access and configure a device.
vid = videoinput('winvideo', 1, 'RGB24_320x240');
set(vid, 'FramesPerTrigger', 1);
set(vid, 'TriggerRepeat', Inf);
Create the Calibration Screen
The calibration screen created is purposely set to black to get the best contrast for the laser pointer. Some systems work better when the window's colors are set dark for the title bars.
Since a red laser will be used, the red plane of the image is the only color plane of interest. The calibration square is made blue in order to make it appear "invisible" in the red plane.
% Create the laser figure window.
laserFig = figure;
hBox = plot([0 0 1 1 0], [0 1 1 0 0], 'b-');
hold on
% Set up calibration screen. Modify the cursor so it does not
% interfere with the calibration.
hTarget = plot(0, 0, 'yo');
set(gca, 'Color', [0, 0, 0]);
set(laserFig, 'Color', [0, 0, 0], 'Menubar', 'none',...
 'DoubleBuffer', 'on', 'Pointer', 'custom',...
 'PointerShapeCData', repmat(NaN, 16, 16));
Position the Camera
Position the camera such that only the blue square is visible.
% Display positioning information.
posText = sprintf('%s\n%s',...
 'Position the camera and ensure the blue box',...
 'is the only thing in the camera''s view.');
infoText = text(0, -0.2, posText, 'Color', [1 1 1]);
axis([-0.2 1.2 -0.2 1.2])
% Using the preview window, request that the camera be positioned such
% that the view is of the blue box and little else.
smallFigPos = get(laserFig, 'Position');
set(laserFig, 'Position', get(0, 'ScreenSize'));
disp('Waiting for camera to be any key to continue.')
Waiting for camera to be any key to continue.
Perform Image Calibration
Now that the camera is focused on the right area, a target is drawn at each of the four corners of the box. The calibration is performed by aiming the laser on each corner of the blue square, allowing a relationship to be established between the camera pixel coordinates (the image) and MATLAB axis coordinates (the square). For each target displayed:
 - output a sound indicating the laser should be aimed
 - output a sound indicating a frame is about to be acquired
 - trigger the acquisition device
 - access the acquired image frame and determine the laser position in pixel coordinates
The laser position is determined by thresholding the red plane and looking for high intensity values. Some additional processing is performed to make sure the laser is not obscured by ghost images caused by poor optics in some WebCams. It is also verified that a laser dot was actually present on the screen.
% Provide calibration instructions.
calibText = sprintf('%s\n%s',...
 'Aim the laser pointer on each target as it appears.',...
 'Hold the laser on the target until the target moves.');
set(infoText,'string', calibText);
% Start the acquisition and create a new figure to display
% calibration results in a MATLAB SPY plot.
spyFig = figure;
% Target 1...
set(hTarget, 'Xdata', 0, 'Ydata', 0);
sound(1), pause(2)
sound(1), trigger(vid);
acqResults{1} = getdata(vid, 1);
[xCalib(1), yCalib(1), laserSights] = util_findlaser(acqResults{1});
title('Target 1: Suspected Laser Sighting')
% Target 2...
set(hTarget, 'Xdata', 0, 'Ydata', 1);
sound(1), pause(2)
sound(1), trigger(vid);
acqResults{2} = getdata(vid, 1);
[xCalib(2), yCalib(2), laserSights] = util_findlaser(acqResults{2});
title('Target 2: Suspected Laser Sighting')
% Target 3...
set(hTarget, 'Xdata', 1, 'Ydata', 1);
sound(1), pause(2)
sound(1), trigger(vid);
acqResults{3} = getdata(vid, 1);
[xCalib(3), yCalib(3), laserSights] = util_findlaser(acqResults{3});
title('Target 3: Suspected Laser Sighting')
% Target 4...
set(hTarget, 'Xdata', 1, 'Ydata', 0);
sound(1), pause(2)
sound(1), trigger(vid);
acqResults{4} = getdata(vid, 1);
[xCalib(4), yCalib(4), laserSights] = util_findlaser(acqResults{4});
title('Target 4: Suspected Laser Sighting')
% Close the SPY plot and stop the acquisition.
Calibration Results
Plot the acquired image and the calculated laser pointer coordinates for each target. Since the yellow crosshairs are positioned at the proper location in each image, the processing results are validated.
% Target 1 results...
calibFig = figure;
util_plotpos(acqResults{1}, xCalib(1), yCalib(1));
% Target 2 results...
util_plotpos(acqResults{2}, xCalib(2), yCalib(2));
% Target 3 results...
util_plotpos(acqResults{3}, xCalib(3), yCalib(3));
% Target 4 results...
util_plotpos(acqResults{4}, xCalib(4), yCalib(4));
% Close the figure illustrating calibration results.
Laser Tracking
Start the acquisition and process the acquired data a set number of times. The processing consists of locating the laser in the acquired image and determining the laser positions in pixel and MATLAB axis coordinates.
In order to make things interesting, using the laser pointer, attempt to "draw" the letter 'M' (for MATLAB) within the blue box.
% Update instructions on laser screen.
set(infoText,'string', 'Move the laser pointer within the blue box.');
% Start the acquisition. For each iteration:
% * output a sound to indicate a frame is about to be acquired
% * trigger the device
% * process the acquired image and locate the laser
% * convert pixel coordinates to MATLAB axis coordinates
laser.x = [];
laser.y = [];
for i = 1:100,
 % Acquire an image frame and determine the
 % camera pixel coordinates.
 sound(1), trigger(vid);
 frame = getdata(vid, 1);
 [x, y] = util_findlaser(frame);
 if ~isnan(x) && ~isnan(y),
 % If coordinates were valid, ensure the camera pixel coordinate
 % was in the calibration range.
 x = max([x min(xCalib([1 2]))]);
 x = min([x max(xCalib([3 4]))]);
 y = min([y max(yCalib([1 4]))]);
 y = max([y min(yCalib([2 3]))]);
 % Determine spatial transformation from the unit square calibration points.
 tform = cp2tform([xCalib(:) yCalib(:)], [0 0; 0 1; 1 1;