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Since 2000, the government has professed a policy of gradually abolishing the death penalty. In 2009, it further ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), and adopted them as domestic laws. Taiwan's policy of gradual abolition followed the spirit of ICCPR Article 6. From 2006 to 2009, the country did not carry out any executions.
Restarting executions in 2010 was controversial because, according to Article 6, Clause 6 of the ICCPR: "Nothing in this article shall be invoked to delay or to prevent the abolition of capital punishment by any State Party to the present Covenant."
A country that already had a moratorium in place and was ratifying the ICCPR should be moving toward its goal of abolition with more active and concrete policies.
However, the government's actions have been completely contrary to the spirit of the ICCPR. Civic groups that watch the government's implementation of the ICCPR and ICESCR have repeatedly expressed their concerns to the Ministry of Justice. The ministry interprets the ICCPR as it likes and insists its actions are compliant.
Last month, the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Christof Heyns, presented a report to the UN. He commented: "For those States that retain the death penalty, international law imposes strict requirements that must be met for it not to be regarded as unlawful."
He also said: "States should ensure transparency — regarding individual cases of capital prosecution, death sentences and execution — to prisoners, their family members and the public, as well as the international community."
In the past, both domestic and international human rights organizations have said that until Taiwan fully abolishes the death penalty, the Ministry of Justice should, out of humane considerations, inform the family members of inmates before their execution and allow them to see each other one last time. However, the ministry refuses to do so, and says this is better for the inmates' emotional state.
On Nov. 14, the Liberty Times (the Taipei Times' sister paper) published an article about upcoming executions.
Apparently, when the ministry says it will not release information to protect inmates, what it means is that it will not inform the inmate, his family or his lawyer — but it will inform reporters. Why?
Moreover, according to Article 6 of the ICCPR, the death penalty can only be used for the most severe crimes. General Comment 6 on the ICCPR also states that countries have a duty to restrict the scope of the death penalty to the most serious crimes, and that the term "most serious crimes" should be interpreted narrowly as an extraordinary measure.
The Liberty Times article not only said nine people would be executed and named them, it also said the ministry had chosen these nine based on the severity of their crimes and the number of their victims. This reveals the Minister of Justice's true stance.
The minister feels that others on death row have not committed crimes as heinous as the nine scheduled for execution, and their crimes were not the most severe. Why, then, did prosecutors seek the death penalty in the first place? By handing down the death penalty in these cases, did judges not illustrate that Taiwan's capital punishment is arbitrary?
Heyns' report reinforces this point.
The Ministry of Justice is in charge of gradually abolishing the death penalty. Currently though, it is also the agency in charge of carrying out executions.
It has also invited two teams of international human rights experts to come to Taiwan to inspect the country's implementation of the ICCPR and ICESCR.
The ministry knows that the experts may well conclude that Taiwan is in violation of various covenants. However, it has still chosen to get a series of executions out of the way and will not wait to face the experts' findings. Nor will it respect those findings.
If the justice minister insists on carrying out executions at this point, the government should stop inviting international experts to Taiwan to review its implementation of the ICCPR and ICESCR. It will only be a waste of time and of taxpayers' money.
The ministry has made it clear that it sees the ICCPR and ICESCR as mere articles — and does not intend to implement the opinions of those experts anyway.
Lin Hsin-yi, is executive director of Taiwan Alliance to End the Death Penalty

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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The occurrence of timber in this region is restricted to certain localities of relatively limited extent. In the greater part of the plains area there is no timber at all, and the valleys of the Platte and upper Niobrara rivers and Lodgepole Creek do not contain trees. Along the northern escarpment of Pine Ridge, on the slopes of the White River and Hat Creek basins, there is a moderately wide zone of scattered pine forest. It extends from the crest of the ridge down nearly to the foot of the steeper slopes, and the aggregate amount of timber is fairly large. Along the ridge south of North Platte River there was formerly considerable pine, and many of the slopes north of Platte River and south of Pumpkinseed Valley maintained a scattered growth of pine. Some of the canyons in this region contain deciduous trees in small groves, and this is also the case in the many canyons in the northern slopes of Pine Ridge and at intervals along the banks of White River. The extent of the timber in this region is shown in Pl. XLIII. The principal tree is the Rocky Mountain pine (Pinus ponderosa). It attains a diameter of from 1 to 2 feet where the conditions are most favorable, but its growth is somewhat scattering, and deep inroads have been made on the supply by woodcutters. The young pines appear to be thrifty, as they spring up abundantly on most of the slopes, and are growing vigorously. Some features of the pine growth are shown in Pls. VIII and XXI.
In the region adjoining North Platte River the growth of pines is rather scanty, and nearly all of the larger trees have been or are being cut. This is also the case along the edge of the table-land south of Pumpkinseed Creek.
The deciduous trees of the region comprise mainly cottonwood (Populus monilifera), with a moderate proportion of box elder (Negundium americanum), and a small variety of other similar trees.
Last Updated: 24-Aug-2009

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Many families go into zoos to meet new animals and learn a few things about them. Most recently, a family was on a trip at the St. Petersburg's Zoo and found one odd attraction.
(Photo: Imgur)
A calico kitten entered the zoo and into the enclosure of a lynx. It appeared like the two immediately hit it off and became friends. It appeared like the cat was a stray and had no home, while the lynx was lonely in its enclosure.
The zoo staff saw the two and realized that not only was the lynx very welcoming to the feline, but she was also very protective of it.
Because they saw the two have a very special bond, the zoo decided to keep the cat and adopt it into their growing animal kingdom family.
You might want to read:
– Cats bond with their owners like a child bonds with their parents
– Quiz: How strong is your bond with your dog?
– What makes dogs special? Science says love


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Education / Sustainable
Design competition entry
Archasm School Without Classrooms Competition Entry
Collaboration with Lauren Peterson
People as gardeners. One of the most basic and fundamental roles of mankind, but unfortunately one that is often forgotten. As caretakers of the earth and the resources therein, we are in need of redemption. The focus of this school – in theory, program, and design – is to focus the education of future generations on ecology and conservation.
In the Ecological Conservation Academy, formal classrooms are eliminated. Open floor plans allow education to happen organically and specifically for each group, individual, or topic. Unique applications of sustainable practices are incorporated throughout the enclosure of the tower – the building acts as both a sustainable machine and an educational resource.
Rooting the base are planters and agriculture, which engage and connect the Academy with the entirety of the Freizeitgelande Tempelhofer Field. Here, students tend to plants and crops, working in the dirt as gardeners. Water collection and filtration happens in the middle tier of the tower. Bird habitats are incorporated towards the top of the tower, along with air purification.
This proposal reaches beyond the site of the school to integrate the entire Freizeitgelande Tempelhofer Field into the educational mission of the Academy. Through doing so, this open space is repurposed for community use. Portions of the old airport are maintained and improved for public entertainment, recreation, and gardening – functions that are informally served currently. The majority of the open green space is converted to a forest preserve for both public enjoyment and educational use.


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- Alyssa Whitlock Lees
- Ananth Balashankar
With the aim of building machine learning systems that incorporate standards of fairness and accountability, we explore explicit subgroup sample complexity bounds. The work is motivated by the observation that classifier predictions for real world datasets often demonstrate drastically different metrics, such as accuracy, when subdivided by specific sensitive variable subgroups. The reasons for these discrepancies are varied and not limited to the influence of mitigating variables, institutional bias, underlying population distributions as well as selection bias. Among the numerous definitions of fairness that exist, we argue that at a minimum, principled ML practices should ensure that classification predictions are able to mirror the underlying sub-population distributions as a prelude to bias mitigation, and not amplify discrepancies due to sampling/selection bias. However, as the number of sensitive variables grow, populations meeting at the intersectionality of these variables may simply not exist or be large enough to accurately sample from. In theses increasingly likely scenarios, the case for human intervention and applying situational and individual definitions of fairness should be made.. In this paper we explore, setting Pareto-efficient subgroup sample complexity lower bounds based on the complexity of the ML classifier using VC dimension and Rademacher complexity. We demonstrate that for a classifier to approach a definition of fairness in terms of specific sensitive variables, adequate subgroup population samples need to exist and the model dimensionality has to be aligned with subgroup population distributions. In cases where this is not feasible human intervention is explored. We look at two commonly explored UCI datasets under this lens.


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Florida Early Election Records
From Ancestry.com Wiki
This entry was originally written by the Florida Pioneer Descendants Certification Program Committee of the Florida State Genealogical Society, Inc. for Red Book: American State, County, and Town Sources.
The Florida State Archives has 2,000 folders of important early election records. Land records can be misleading on absentee owners, but election records were sworn documents requiring proof of residence, usually six months in the county, two years in the state. The files are arranged by year, and then by county, but they must be used in person. These voter rolls and returns list the names of candidates, clerks, and inspectors in local, state, congressional, referendum, and militia elections from 1824. Until 1865 each voter's name and precinct of residence is listed.
Among the most useful records for those tracing ancestors at the time of statehood are the returns of the first statewide election, held on 26 May 1845, in Brian E. Michaels, Florida Voters in Their First Statewide Election (Tallahassee: Florida State Genealogical Society, 1987).
Another voter record of genealogical significance, located at the Florida State Archives, is the 1868 Florida Voter Registration, which required an oath of allegiance to the U.S. government. It was also the first voter enrollment open to African Americans. While it is neither indexed nor complete for all counties, this important re-registration for the post-war constitutional convention election includes name, qualifying date, race, length of residence, nativity by state, and naturalization. The rolls are arranged by county and then by the date of individual registration.


text: For different applied magnetic fields, the intersubband transitions of double Si delta-doped GaAs structures is theoretically investigated for a uniform donor distribution. The electronic structure has been calculated by solving the Schrodinger and Poisson equations self-consistently. It is found that the intersubband optical absorption and mobility are sensitive to the applied magnetic field: for all allowed intersubband transitions the intersubband absorption spectra show blueshifts. The results open the possibility to design devices for use as optical filters controlled by an applied magnetic field, depending on the delta-doped structure. It is hoped that these results will provide important improvement in device applications, for a suitable choice of magnetic field. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


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Amazon Basin Boa
Boa constrictor spp.
There are currently 10 subspecies of Boa constrictor, but only two of them are generally referred to as red-tailed boas: Boa constrictor constrictor and Boa constrictor imperator. Both exhibit redder tails than their bodies, but the former is almost always a more vibrant red. Boa constrictor constrictor is the species most herpetologists refer to as a "true red-tailed boas," while the later is what is most commonly available under the name "red-tailed boa".
Red-tailed boas, as the name implies are best identified by their deep red tail, which is at the end of an otherwise mostly redless body. They have a relatively flat, elongated triangular-shaped head, muscular body and pronounced eyelashes. They are generally cream, tan or grey with triangular or semi-geometrical blotches of rust, brown, or black. Frequently there are highlights of yellow spots or lines. Red-tails are the largest of the boas; occasionally reaching lengths of over ten feet (3+ meters), but seven to eight feet (2.1-2.4 meters) is much more common. Red-tailed boas can live up to 40 years long, but 20+ is more common.
Boa constrictors, as a species, are native to Central America (including some Caribbean islands) and the northern part of South America and are present in numerous countries. They are found in: Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, the Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina. Red-tailed boas, Boa constrictor constrictor, are native to Trinidad, Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru. With the exception of Trinidad, this is essentially the Amazon Basin. Within their ranges, Boa constrictors are synonymous with rain forest, but they are also found in open savannas and rainforest ecotones. They will climb into trees on occasion, but are more comfortable on the ground. They are crepuscular or nocturnal and can often be found near human habitations, due to the usually increased presence of rodents.
Red-Tailed boas are large snakes and even young animals will soon outgrown smaller enclosures. Hatchling red-tailed boas can triple in size in their first year, so it is always a good idea to buy a large enclosure in the first place. A 20-gallon aquarium with a secure lid is a good starting size for a young snake, but an adult red-tailed boa will need a minimum of a 2 foot wide by 4 foot long (60 cm wide by 120 cm long) enclosure, with larger being better. Red-tailed boas are extraordinarily powerful animals and enclosures should pre-designed to be escape-proof. When we say "pre-designed" this means that the enclosure was made with a large snake in mind. Many boas (and other large snakes for that matter) have easily escaped when their owners underestimated their strength. Bricks and plywood alone are not enough to deter a boa constrictor. A good boa enclosure is one that the snake owner themselves would have a hard time getting out of.
Naturally red-tailed boas come from a humid tropical climate and the replication of this habitat is essential to the health of your boa. Provided with a large water bowl, a proper temperature gradient and an only partially ventilated enclosure (e.g. a 50% glass/50% screen top on an aquarium), adequate humidity levels are easily maintained. Humidity can also be provided through the use of a "humidity box." A humidity box is created using damp sphagnum moss, mulch or similar moisture retaining substance and placing it inside a closed plastic container with a hole cut in the top as an access point. The media should be moist or damp but not soggy (like a wrung out wash cloth). The humidity box should be placed near (but not on) the basking area to maintain the warmth necessary to sustain good humidity levels. The water bowl should be large enough for the snake to fully immerse (without overflowing).
Ambient temperatures should remain in the 82-90 degree Fahrenheit range, with a basking spot of 92-95 degrees. This is most efficiently provided by an undertank heating element such as heating tape, wire or pads. This heating element can be used in conjunction with a basking light, but lighting is not essential for the snake as they are active mostly at night. A hide spot should also be provided, and can be any of the commercially available plastic log-type hide spaces or as simple as an opaque overturned plastic box with a hollow cut in the side bottom.
Substrate can be as simple as paper towels or Astroturf or more elaborate like cypress bedding, coco fiber, or sterile potting soil. Whatever substrate is chosen it should be cleaned frequently to prevent the buildup of bacteria and inhibit potential mite outbreaks.
Red-tailed boas have a sundry diet in the wild, consisting of most any vertebrate animal they can seize. This includes, but is not limited to: amphibians, rodents, birds, mammals and other reptiles. In captivity they are usually fed mice, then rats, and eventually rabbits, chickens or pigs when they are large enough. Usually prey animals should be frozen/thawed or pre-killed so as to avoid injury to the snake.
Red-tailed boas are a long term and sizable (pun intended) commitment. It is not unusual for them to live 30 years and grow to 8 feet long (nearly 2.5 meters) or more, often weighing in excess of 50 pounds (22.5 kilograms). A snake of this size should not be handled alone and will require large prey at least a few times a month. If you are unwilling or unable to make these commitments, DON'T buy a red-tailed boa. Some people ignorantly think that they can just sell or give away their large snake (or many other reptiles for that matter) when they get tired of caring for it. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Far too many people make hasty and/or poorly thought-out decisions and end up with a large snake they no longer want. Subsequently, zoos and rescues do not have any more space for large snakes. Be a responsible pet owner and only buy a red-tailed boa if you are sure you are willing to make these long-term commitments.


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Inclusive Communities: Where We're All Welcome
What do you do to make people in your community feel welcome? How do you create opportunities for people from all backgrounds to participate fully in building and improving your community?
Creating an inclusive community isn't easy, but many places are finding ways to start building a more inclusive and welcoming culture.
Here are four strategies from cities and towns committed to inclusivity—share your own stories and ideas in the comments!
1. Make a statement. Riverside, California developed a, set of principles for building a more inclusive community. Their Inclusive Community Statement identifies the responsibilities of individuals, groups and institutions for achieving this common goal. Through maintaining an openness to dialogue, building intergroup partnerships and providing education about diversity the principles set a path toward fair treatment and equal opportunity for all residents of Riverside.
2. Spread the word. Signs line the streets in Newark, California signifying the city's ongoing efforts to foster acceptance and inclusion.
3. Welcome newcomers. How do newcomers in your city learn about local people and places? Communities in the West Kootenay and Boundary regions of British Columbia developed welcomemap.ca, The website welcomes new immigrants to the area, and provides easier access to local information and services. Similarly, British Columbia's North Shore developed a short video that illustrates the power of individual action in welcoming newcomers. Both efforts are part of British Columbia's Welcoming and Inclusive Communities Initiative.
4. Adopt a resolution. Greenacres, Florida, Fort Worth, Texas and many other cities and towns have demonstrated a commitment to inclusion through the adoption of a public resolution. The National League of Cities offers a sample resolution that communities can use and build from.
On June 12th, Moki Macias and Tramunda Hodges of the Annie E. Casey Foundation will join CommunityMatters to share their experience promoting equal treatment and opportunity in community decision-making at the Foundation's Atlanta Civic Site. Join this call to hear more ideas and strategies for building inclusive communities. Register now.


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The gem command is one of the most used Ruby-related commands, but most users don't take the time to learn anything past gem install and gem search. Learning the gem command well is an essential Ruby skill.
The gem command-line utility is split into a number of commands. Among these are the familiar install and search, but other useful commands exist such as spec and sources. However, you should start with the help command.
The gem command has integrated help. By running the command gem help, you can get a basic help screen. To get a list of commands available, run the gem help commands command. To get further help about a specific command, here, for example, the purge command, run the gem help purge command. Another useful help screen is the examples screen, accessible by the gem help examples command.
Most commands work on a gem repository, either local (the gems you have installed), or remote. Though, by default, it's the local repository. To specify the repository you intend, add either --remote or --local to the end of the command. For example, to search the remote repository for gems with the word "twitter" in them, you would run gem search twitter --remote. Specify both remote and local repositories by using the --both switch.
When running any gem command, the name can be shortened as long as it doesn't become ambiguous. To run a gem dependency command, you can simply run a gem dep command.
Below is a list of the commands and an explanation of their function.
build - Given the source code for a gem and a.gemspec file, this will build a.gem file suitable for uploading to a gem repository or installing on another computer with the gem command. A.gemspec file holds information about a gem including name, author, version and dependencies.
cert - Manages certificates for cryptographically signed gems. If you're worried that a malicious user is going to compromise the gems you install, you can cryptographically sign them to prevent this. Keys may be added or deleted from your list of acceptable keys, as well as a few other crypto key related functions.
check - Performs a number of actions, including running any unit tests, checking the checksum of installed gems and looking for unmanaged files in the gem repository. The type of check you wish to run must be added to the end of the gem command.
cleanup - Removes old versions of installed gems from your local repository. If you frequently upgrade gems, you can have old versions hanging around that you don't need anymore.
contents - Shows the contents of an installed gem. This is a list of files the gem installed and where they are on the filesystem.
dependency - Shows all the gems the listed gem depends upon, as well as the versions of the gem it depends upon. For example, running gem dep twitter tells me the twitter gem relies on hpricot, activesupport, httparty and echoe. This is useful when packaging your applications for deployment.
environment - Displays various information about the RubyGems environment, including the version installed, where it's installed, where the gem repository is, etc.
fetch - Fetches a gem and saves the.gem file in the current directory. This is useful for transferring gems to be deployed on other servers, without them needing to download the gem themselves.
generate_index - Generates an index for a gem server. This is only useful if you're running a gem repository.
install - Downloads a gem from the specified repository (--local or --remote) and install it. Also, downloads any dependencies and installs them as well. To install a specific version of a gem, use the --version switch.
list - Displays a list of gems in the repository. Note that doing this with --remote will generate quite a large list. Save this list to a file for fast searching.
lock - Generates a Ruby script that requires the exact version of all dependencies of a certain gem. This ensures that the gem versions tested during development will be installed, not future or past versions which may have bugs the developers cannot account for.
mirror - Mirrors an entire gem repository. Note that trying to mirror the RubyGems repository is a huge task. Do not do so unless you need to run a local mirror for other clients.
outdated - Displays a list of installed gems that have newer versions on the remote repository.
pristine - Returns gems to their original state. This means unpacking all gems from the local cache, overwriting any changes made to the gems in the local gem repository. This can be used to repair a broken gem.
rdoc - Generates rdoc documentation for an installed gem. This rdoc documentation can then be viewed with a web browser.
search - Searches the names of all gems and returns a list of gems whose name contains a string. For example, to search for all gems containing the word twitter in the name, run gem search twitter.
server - Starts a web server that will act as a gem repository and serves RDoc documentation for all installed gems. This is most useful for the documentation feature.
sources - Manages the list of sources for remote repositories. By default, only _URL_ is in the list, but more can be added or removed.
specification - Displays the gemspec of a gem. This will tell you all the information about a gem, including author, dependencies, etc.
stale - Displays a list of installed gems, as well as the access times (the last time the gem was included). This can help you weed out gems you no longer user to uninstall them.
uninstall - Uninstalles a gem. If there are any installed gems that depend on this gem, you will be prompted whether you want to uninstall this gem. If you do, any gems that depended on this gem will be broken until it is reinstalled.
unpack - Unpacks an install gem into the current directory. This can be used to "freeze" gems to your project directory.
update - Checks if there are new versions of the specified gem in the remote repository. If there are, download and install the newest version.
which - Finds the exact location of the.rb file to include. This can be useful for getting a path for requiring a gem without requiring the rubygems library.


X and Motif I18N Support
When X11R5 and Motif 1.2 were released, they contained new data types, function calls, fonts, and modifications to widgets to handle the localization of graphical user interface (GUI) applications. These additions provide a method by which you can create applications, with one set of source code, that can run in any one of several alternative languages, depending on the locale. Although these additions enable I18N and localization, they do not facilitate them.
Types of problems
When internationalizing an application, there are three broad types of problem:
· File processing problems
How are characters encoded; how does your application deal with storage formats for dates, addresses, currency, and so on?
· Input problems
How are the characters of a complex character set (for example, ideographic sets) actually entered when it is impractical to construct a physical keyboard capable of representing every one of those characters?
· Output problems
How are characters of different languages displayed within the application, especially within the same text area?
Note: Builder Xcessory uses the same features supported in generated code, so you can choose to run Builder Xcessory in another locale. This allows strings to be input with that locale's input method.
Note: A Japanese version is available. Contact your ICS Sales Representative.


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, Old High German diota, Middle High German diet, Old Norse þióð, Gothic þiuda < Old Germanic *þeuđô, by Verner's Law < Indo-European *teutfeminine; compare Lithuanian tautà, Old Irish túath, Oscan touto, Sabine touta people. Old English þíod, þéod = Old Saxon thioda, thiod, Old Frisian thiade(The character coming out is probably meant to be ā́, I should think. The online OED3 is still having a lot of encoding problems.)
There are possibly some even more savory cognates to be added to the OED etymology— such as Latin tōtus, "the whole of, all," if originally *"all of the tribe". This derivation is suggested by the that fact that although Oscan has touto and Sabine touta, "people," a cognate is missing in their sister Italic language Latin, unless it be tōtus. Even more interesting as possible cognates are Hittite tuzzi "army; camp" and Lycian tuta "army." However, Benveniste in particular rejected the association of the family of thede with the Anatolian forms, but other authors have accepted it. If consensus on this question has been reached I am not aware of it. Of particular interest, whatever its further intrafamilial relations, is the possibility that Hittite tuzzi is the source of Old Assyrian tuzinnum, some sort of land division to which were certain feudal military obligations were attached. A brief synopsis of the problem by V. Ivanov is here:
_URL_ In this way, along with the reflexes of Hittite išḫiul, "contract," also found in the Old Assyrian texts, tuzzi may be one of the oldest attested Indo-European words. The contracts had enforcers.


Dating stars in the Milky Way
The age of a star enables us to chronologically order formation events inferred from position, kinematic, and chemical information about stars but they are notoriously hard to predict.
Using artificial neural networks to predict ages
predicting ages for three million stars
Ages for halo stars


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Organic matter and crude protein digestibility predicted from nitrogen and fibre fractionation of festulolium hybrids
|Kateg. publikace||Vědecké publikace impaktované|
The objectives of the experiment were to study nitrogen fractions of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) and digestibility of organic matter (OMD) and crude protein (CPD) along with the possibilities for predicting OMD and CPD based on chemical composition and CNCPS nitrogen fractions. Thirty samples of festulolium hybrids (fescue hybrids and ryegrass hybrids) commonly used and certified in the Czech Republic were analyzed for chemical composition, brutto energy, and nitrogen fractions, these fractions being A (non-protein nitrogen), B1 (rapidly degradable protein), B2 (intermediately degradable protein), B3 (slowly degradable protein), and C (unavailable protein). OMD and CPD were determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Nitrogen fractions showed similar mean values for both analyzed groups of festulolium hybrids. Mean rapidly, intermediately, and slowly soluble fractions (B1, B2, and B3, respectively) were 29.2, 30.7, and 33.7 g/kg of dry matter (DM) for fescue hybrids and 21.7, 33.5, and 31.9 g/kg of DM for ryegrass hybrids. There was a trend for fraction B2 to decrease with advancing maturity in relation to neutral detergent insoluble protein value. The mean content of bound fraction C was 10.4 g/kg of DM for fescue hybrids and 7.3 g/kg of DM for ryegrass hybrids. Three groups of hybrids were evaluated statistically: fescue (I), ryegrass (II), and combined fescue/ryegrass (III). Better regression equations were found for fescue/ryegrass hybrids. High degrees of CPD determination were identified with predictors of individual nitrogen fractions (R2 = 0.975; P > 0.0001). OMD was described in regressions only using nitrogen fractions A and B1 (R2 = 0.500; P > 0.0001).
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van Oosterhout, M. F. M., T. Arts, J. B. Bassingthwaighte, R. S. Reneman and F. W. Prinzen. Relation between local myocardial growth and blood flow during chronic ventricular pacing. Cardiovasc Res. 53:831-840, 2002.
Several studies have shown that, per unit mass, myocardial blood flow (MBF) and oxygen consumption are similar in hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic ventricles. This observation may be explained by the degree of myocardial growth matching the increase in oxygen demand. Such matching may, however, not be perfect at the local level, because substantial heterogeneity of MBF exists within the ventricular wall. We investigated to what extent local growth and MBF are matched after redistribution of workload within the left ventricular (LV) wall. Redistribution of workload was established by ventricular pacing at physiological heart rate, which induces asynchronous activation and contraction. Local wall mass (2D-echocardiography) and MBF (fluorescent microspheres) were determined in the canine LV wall before (t=0) and after 6 months of normal sinus rhythm (SHAM group, n=5) or 6 months of pacing at the LV free wall (PACE group, n=8). During acute pacing MBF (ml/min/g) increased with increasing distance to the pacing site. Local relative MBF (rMBF, local MBF normalized to mean MBF in the LV wall) varied from 0.8 adjacent to the pacing site to 1.2 in remote regions. After 6 months of pacing these regional differences had disappeared, probably due to changes in wall mass, which increased with increasing distance to the pacing site (by up to 39+/-13%). In SHAM animals rMBF at t=0 correlated well with rMBF 6 months later (r=0.71). In PACE animals, however, this correlation was poor (r=0.33), because rMBF increased in regions close to the pacing site with initial rMBF1. CONCLUSIONS: After redistribution of workload within the LV wall as induced by ventricular pacing, local load-regulated growth tends to equalize MBF distribution, but local adaptation of MBF also depends on initial MBF.


text:
War of a Thousand Deserts
Indian Raids and the U.S.-Mexican War
By Brian DeLay, assistant professor of history
Yale University Press
In the early 1830s, after decades of relative peace, northern Mexicans and the Indians whom they called "the barbarians" descended into a terrifying cycle of violence. For the next fifteen years, owing in part to changes unleashed by American expansion, Indian warriors launched devastating attacks across ten Mexican states. Raids and counter-raids claimed thousands of lives, ruined much of northern Mexico's economy, depopulated its countryside, and left man-made "deserts" in place of thriving settlements. Just as important, this vast interethnic war informed and emboldened U.S. arguments in favor of seizing Mexican territory while leaving northern Mexicans too divided, exhausted, and distracted to resist the American invasion and subsequent occupation.
Exploring Mexican, American, and Indian sources ranging from diplomatic correspondence and congressional debates to captivity narratives and plains Indians' pictorial calendars, War of a Thousand Deserts recovers the surprising and previously unrecognized ways in which economic, cultural, and political developments within native communities affected nineteenth-century nation-states. In the process this ambitious book offers a rich and often harrowing new narrative of the era when the United States seized half of Mexico's national territory.


text: Potential energy diagrams for ground and excited states have been calculated approximately for trans stilbene and several geometrical configurations, including a planar cis form, generated by twisting about the central double bond. The calculations show that on twisting the lowest triplet $^3$B becomes the most stable state, and that the $\pi$-electron distribution of this state in the perpendicular model is equivalent to separation into two benzyl systems. The lowest singlet $^1$A that corresponds to the ground state in cis and trans stilbene does not separate in this way. Quantitative agreement is obtained with observed thermal and spectroscopic evidence. The potential energy diagrams provide a satisfactory interpretation of the qualitative features of the ultraviolet and fluorescent spectra, the absence of phosphorescence, and the mechanisms of the thermal, the photochemical and the photosensitized isomerization reactions.


How many helicopters crashed in Vietnam?
According to the Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Association, a total of 11,846 helicopters were shot down or crashed during the war, resulting in nearly 5,000 American pilots and crew killed. Of those servicepeople, 2,382 were killed while serving aboard UH-1 Iroquois, better known as the ubiquitous "Huey."
How many Huey helicopters were lost in Vietnam?
During the war 7,013 UH-1s served in Vietnam and of these 3,305 were destroyed. In total 1,074 Huey pilots were killed, along with 1,103 other crew members.
What was the life expectancy of a 2nd Lieutenant in Vietnam?
For the average life expectancy to be 16 minutes, it would mean for every 2nd Lieutenant that survived a year (525,000 minutes,) 30,000 or so would have to die in 1 minute. Did hundreds of millions of 2nd Lieutenants die in Vietnam?
How many tanks were lost in Vietnam?
On average 11,000 small arms, 68 tanks, and 30 aircraft were lost each day. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order. During the Vietnam War, thousands of U.S. aircraft were lost to antiaircraft artillery (AAA), surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), and fighter interceptors ()s.
FASCINATINGLY: Question: When was letter K used in the Philippines?
Keep Calm and Travel


text:
You will determine the specialized stem, leaf, and root adaptations of dry environment plants by designing a garden using a simulator.
After completing this tutorial, you will be able to complete the following:
There are hundreds of thousands of different types of plants on the planet. The reason for this immense diversity is their adaptations to the particular environments in which they live. As with any organism, there are many different types of adaptations that plants have to make them well suited to a particular environment. The main plant parts (roots, stems, and leaves) are rich in adaptations.
Dry environments can be particularly difficult for plants to survive. Due to the lack of water, plants in these types of environments must be able to get whatever water is available easily and then store that water for the long periods of time when water is unavailable. For this reason, many plants in dry environments have succulent stems, fibrous roots, and spiny leaves. Succulent stems are good for plants in dry environments because they are excellent at storing water. Fibrous root systems can also be advantageous because they are able to get water quickly and easily when there is rain. In addition, fibrous roots can help hold the soil in place. This is important for plants that live in dry environments where flash flooding frequently occurs when it rains.
One major problem for plants in dry environments is transpiration-evaporation of water from plants. Wide-bladed leaves have many stomata (openings for gas exchange), and thus transpiration is enhanced. This feature would be extremely detrimental to plants living in dry environments. Plants in dry areas have adapted small spiny leaves. The spiny leaves are also a deterrent for animals looking for food and moisture. All of these adaptations make the plants well suited to their particular environment-in this case, a dry environment.
|Approximate Time||20 Minutes|
|Pre-requisite Concepts||Students should be familiar with environments and plant parts.|
|Type of Tutorial||Concept Development|
|Key Vocabulary||adaptations, arid, cactus|


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The signature report of the Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being features statistics on children and families in the United States across a range of domains, including family and social environment, economic circumstances, health care, physical environment and safety, behavior, education and health.
A working group of 22 Federal agencies, the Forum fosters coordination, collaboration, and integration of Federal efforts to collect, analyze and report data on conditions and trends in issues related to child and family well-being. The Forum also has partners in private research organizations.
Forum members, federal statistical agency representatives, and child development researchers will share current measurement strategies and discuss opportunities for collecting and reporting information about young children's social emotional development in the federal statistical system. Event Agenda 351 KB
The Progress In International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2011 is the third administration of this international comparison. PIRLS is used to compare over time the reading skills of 4th-grade students and is designed to align broadly with reading curricula in the participating countries. more info
The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011 is the fifth administration of this international comparative study. TIMSS is used to compare over time the mathematics and science knowledge and skills of fourthand eighth-graders. more info
America's Children in Brief, 2012 was featured on CSPAN, Friday, July 13th. Hear the taped video program, featuring Forum member Dr. Ed Sondik, Director of the National Center for Health Statistics, at _URL_


Get control of capacity
Capacity management tools (PDF)
Five Steps Toward Capacity Management
Bringing capacity management to your company is an evolutionary process. "Solve daily problems first," says Ron Riffe, a storage strategy manager at IBM. He believes that most capacity management problems fall into five categories.
1 Hardware Coming and Going. If you are constantly dealing with new arrays coming and going from your environment, solve the problem with network-based blockand file-level virtualization solutions, which move data between storage arrays with minimal or no server intervention.
2 Overworked Administrative Staff. If your staff is struggling to keep up with the daily tasks of LUN masking, zoning, volume discovery and extending file systems, deploy a tool that lets you manage any vendor's hardware from a central console.
3 Storage Growth. Use hierarchical storage management (HSM) software that classifies and moves data to the correct tier of storage.
4 Regulated Environment. Deploy archive management software. While similar to HSM software, it also provides hooks into e-mail and database applications, as well as the ability to store and fetch data from tape.
5 Recovery Management. Look for backup and recovery software with complementary features such as snapshots and caching to disk.
Organizations must first decide what capacity they want to measure. That decision will largely determine what tool or set of tools to choose. A tool should feature:
 1. Disk utilization reporting
 2. File-level reporting
 3. Database reporting
 4. Visualization of the storage network infrastructure
 5. Storage array reporting
An increasing number of products now report on tape libraries, but that feature isn't that critical for an organization just starting to deploy an SRM product. So, how do the SRM tools differ? Basically, in terms of how they gather the data and what they are architected to accomplish. The architecture of each product bears a direct correlation to the size of the agent deployed, how many agents get deployed, their level of activity or if any agents even need to be deployed.
Tools like Fujitsu Softek's Storage Manager and Tek-Tool's Storage Profiler for OS provide one small, easy-to-deploy agent that meets the first two criteria. Their agents can be installed and configured in just a few minutes, consume minimal disk space (maximum 30MB) and remain dormant except during scheduled collection times. They measure disk utilization filtered by such criteria as servers, users and group. For file-level reporting, the agents provide more granularity, enabling users to identify certain file types such as mpg, jpg and xls. They also determine the age of the file types and see historical trending and forecasting information that illustrates how fast these file types are growing while predicting how fast they may grow.
Similar tools, from EMC, for example, aren't as simple to install and configure because of the way they are architected. EMC currently offers two tools, one called VisualSRM, which provides an easier to install point solution but gathers less information than their flagship product, Control Center (CC), which requires the deployment of a 100+MB agent and licensing for four products: Control Center, StorageScope, StorageScope FLR and Automated Resource Manager ARM. The CC agent can consume anywhere from 1% to 15% of a host's CPU while it performs storage capacity monitoring and reporting functions.
Some companies like AppIQ collect device-level and host-level capacity information without an agent. Its StorageAuthority Suite software--written to the Storage Networking Industry Association's Storage Management Initiative Specification (SMI-S) and Distributed Management Task Force's Common Information Model (CIM) standards--gathers this information simply by querying SMI-S compliant operating systems. The query may take place over either a Fibre Channel (FC) fabric or an Ethernet network. The operating system vendor must provide or ship a CIM Object Manager (CIMON)--such as Microsoft Windows WMI--and devices must offer SMI-S interfaces.
SMI-S compliance should no longer be considered optional when making new storage purchases. While users should remain skeptical about any vendor's claims that their capacity management tool can manage their storage infrastructure through only the SMI-S standard, they can certainly expect these products to deliver fundamental reporting capabilities. Any capacity management product that doesn't have an SMI-S road map shouldn't be viewed as a viable long-term solution.
Gaining visibility into databases beyond their raw size requires the deployment of database-specific agents. Most databases require a reporting agent that's specifically tailored for the database; for example, an Oracle database requires the deployment of an Oracle agent. Other products such as Storability's Global Storage Manager (GSM) require the deployment of two agents--a core database agent and one specific to the database being monitored.
What to look for in a capacity management tool
Complex agent installs. While larger, complex agents do more, they generally take longer to deploy, configure, understand and manage. So when thinking agents, think small (10MB or less).
Functional dependencies. Product functionality should stand on its own. For instance, gaining visibility into an array or the storage infrastructure shouldn't first require the deployment of that vendor's storage arrays or switches. Similarly, file-level reporting shouldn't require the deployment of a specific vendor's volume manager or file system. Only accept dependencies if you know you will need more advanced reporting and management features.
Point solutions. If the product does only file level and database reporting, but doesn't integrate with other virtualization or backup management solutions, avoid it. While product functionality should stand on its own, don't discount the importance of integrating with complementary software from the same vendor.
Enterprise reporting. Look for a tool that offers the ability to deploy servers at different geographic sites. The tool should be able to roll all the information up to provide a global view of the enterprise.
Storage infrastructure visibility. Make sure you can measure and report on the storage infrastructure itself. The tool should include the ability to report on the availability, capacity and performance of Fibre Channel switches and storage arrays. Reporting on tape drives and libraries is nice to have, but is outside of the scope of most current product offerings.
SMI-S compliance. Simply put, if a tool isn't already SMI-S compliant or doesn't have a road map for compliance, don't waste your time looking at it. You will only lock yourself into a more costly, proprietary product with functionality that you can obtain through a lower cost product.
Grouping. Make sure you can report and manage by almost any grouping criteria imaginable. Administrators should be able to group storage by application, department, file size and age, geographic location, storage type used and user for reporting, management and chargeback purposes.
Integrated reports
In addition to database reporting, most vendors offer tools that report on what switch ports are free and used, what volumes on storage arrays are allocated and unallocated, and how much traffic is traversing the SAN. How well each product does this depends on how it is architected, and if the vendor integrates this function into their overall reporting.
The products that best integrate these reports have the largest agents and invariably the most complicated installs. However, this is changing as newer, better-designed products with small agents can get the world wide name (WWN) off of a server's host bus adapter (HBA) and with only that information, can identify that WWN's path through the SAN and any and all of the storage assigned to that WWN on any storage array. Older products use more cumbersome methods to gather this same information.
For instance, products such as CreekPath System's Storage Operations Manager, EMC's Control Center and Veritas' SANPoint Control collect this information by putting agents on every server attached to the storage network. Their agents perform active monitoring on the servers on which they reside, querying the server and SAN for updated information based upon parameters set up by the user. Because these agents remain active on the server, users need to determine how current they want their information to be--how often the agents should run. Additionally, they need to consider the time it will take to configure the agents of these products and whether they will realistically be able to use all of the information that these products provide. Better to look for products whose agents can be deployed and configured in less than two minutes. Anything longer than two minutes is not worth the effort.
Tape utilization and library monitoring remains below most users' radar screens. Products like Storability's GSM do give visibility into StorageTek's tape environments and most tape vendors provide native utilities to measure and report on library capacity. Yet with the increasing use of ATA disk backup, the relatively low cost of tape and the scarcity and proprietary nature of tools that manage tape, users should concentrate on getting disk under control before worrying about tape.
Measuring the assets
The time it takes to measure storage assets will depend on the tool selected, the size of the environment, what's being measured and the number of agents deployed. All of these factors will contribute to the quantity, quality and level of detail gathered on the environment. Users should temper their reporting expectations in accordance with how long the tool has been implemented. Depending on the components deployed, expect initial reports to provide statistics on storage utilization, the sizes and types of files on individual servers, available ports on FC switches and allocated and unallocated storage on each storage array.
These usage reports can have immediate impact on the bottom line. It will help organizations determine if they need to purchase more storage arrays or switch ports, if they have enough available to meet current and forecasted needs or if they are buying the right kind of storage. For instance, the reports may confirm that the organization may need to purchase more storage. However, it may also reveal that the storage needed doesn't need to be an expensive monolithic array, but a more affordable modular array because the data is primarily reference data.
After the tool is up and


December 4, 2020
Divine essence: what animals are worshipped in different countries
Animal worship-zoolatry-was part of the culture of our ancestors. To us, these customs seem to be remnants of the past, but some peoples treat animals as deities, and today it is considered part of everyday life. What animals are most likely to be the object of worship?
The elephant is still considered a sacred animal in Asian countries. In Thailand, it is believed that the white elephant is the bearer of the soul of the deceased person. Such elephants are the property of the king. If a person meets a white elephant in the forest, they should bring it to the Royal residence. For this, he receives a lifetime allowance.
In South India, there are special temples where the servants raise elephants and then worship them. This sight attracts many tourists.
The cult of sacred animals is widespread in India. In addition to elephants, cows are revered in India. The Hindus'respect for these animals is so great that when a cow enters the roadway, both pedestrians and cars, including police and ambulances, give way to it.
Cows walk freely on the streets, and local residents feed them when they need the support of higher powers in some important matter, for example, before an operation or exam. Cow's milk is considered a particularly pure product and is used in Hindu religious rituals.
This also applies to cows in neighboring Nepal.
Crocodiles have been sacred animals since Ancient Egypt. The crocodile God Sobek was the patron of the Nile's flood waters. It was believed that it protects people by scaring away the forces of evil.
Now crocodiles are revered in some areas of Burkina Faso. In the village of Sabu, there is a special pond of the sacred crocodiles. Usually they are calm and not aggressive, they can even be petted, because the servants of the cult feed them to their fill. But it is believed that crocodiles sense bad thoughts and intentions and can bite a bad person. For local residents, they serve as a kind of "lie detector". If someone is suspected of cheating, they are asked to go to the edge of the pond. The villagers are sure that the crocodiles will attack the liar and will not touch an honest person.
Another sacred reptile, revered by many ancient religions - the snake. Today, the biggest fans of snakes are Indians. This attitude to these animals is rooted in their religion. According to Indian beliefs, there is a nation of Nagas - powerful beings with the body of a snake and one or more human heads. Naga women are beautiful, and sometimes marry earth rulers. A dynasty of Maharaj was considered to be the descendants of Nagas. Temples were built and continue to be built in honor of the Nagas and their closest relatives, the snakes.
Snakes in India feel no less at ease than cows. If a snake crawls into a house, the Indian will never turn it out or harm it, but will try to politely persuade it to leave. If this doesn't work, he uses the services of a street snake Charmer.5.jpg
This situation is not uncommon in India, especially during the rainy season, when snakes often crawl out of their burrows flooded by a tropical downpour and seek shelter in dry human dwellings.
In addition, every year on the fifth day of the month of shravana (end of July), the snake festival — nagapanchami-is celebrated throughout the country. The main culprits of the celebration are brought from the forest and released directly into the street and courtyards. They are greeted, showered with pollen and thanked for the harvest saved from rodents, and treated to milk, ghee, honey, turmeric and toasted rice. To snake holes put flowers of oleander, Jasmine and red Lotus.6.jpg
At the same time, India has the highest death rate from snake bites. Every year, about 250,000 people suffer from their bites, 75,000 of them die. This is 30 times more than the number of deaths from attacks by tigers, leopards and Panthers combined.
According to legend, snakes are able to heal with the help of medicinal herbs and know the remedy for their own poison, but only open it to ascetics.
And what is the situation with the generation of sacred animals in Russia?
Officially in our country, the veneration of animals is not accepted. But our Slavic ancestors believed that wild animals were their progenitors, so they should have been worshipped.
The owner of the forest was considered the most powerful animal-a bear. He was revered as a God of fertility and a protector from all evil. It was with the awakening of the bear that spring came to the Slavs.
The true name of this beast-deity was sacred and was not pronounced aloud, and therefore has not reached our days. Bear is the nickname of the beast, meaning "honey-eater", in the word" den "there is also an older root - "ber", i.e." brown " (den - den of ber)8.jpg
Even after the arrival of Christianity, the bear was still revered as a sacred animal for a long time, and hunters did not dare to pronounce the word "bear" and called it either Toptygin, Mishka, or Mikhail Potapych.
Everyone chooses what to believe. It doesn't matter if you consider animals sacred creatures or just neighbors on the planet, the most important thing is to treat them with respect and not interfere with their lives.
Read more
November 21, 2020
The most caring parents in the wild
Who bears their offspring in the stomach, and who in the vocal sacs? Whose parents can program the sex of their unborn child, and whose parents can determine the temperature of the air with the accuracy of a laboratory thermometer? The answers are in our article.
November 13, 2020
People out of time
The Amazon jungle is home to a tribe of people who do not think about money and do not worry about the past and future. They are the happiest people on the planet.
Support the foundation, publicity is the best way to save animals


text:
Integration of entrepreneurship into educational curriculum will reduce the high rate of unemployment in Nigeria
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It is self evident that education is the key that unlocked the inner mind towards creativity. There are geniuses no doubt, but remember that a sage has defined genius as 99 per cent perspiration and one per cent inspiration. the developed world has long recognised the symbiotic relationship between the 'Gown' and 'Town', that's why a sizable portion of their GDP goes into research.
The bottom line is that if integration of entrepreneurship into our educational curriculum is properly planned and executed as a genuine collaboration between the Institutions and the Industries, the idea will not only help solve our unemployment problems, but equally assist in laying a solid foundation for the nation's industrial breakthrough.
Entrepreneurship study in Institution is beyond class work.if our institutions do not know how to do it,they should engage expert from outside. It's more of apprenticeship than course work.
This is a critical issue that higher institutions of learning in the developing world have to give thoughts. We will go nowhere until we learn to Do and not just to consume.
Longe Bankole-Phillips Graig-Phillips Educational Research Center 516 Ikorodu road Ketu Lagos Nigeria


text:
Nota di Lavoro, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei 75.2015
The article proposes a social network analysis of the main European capitalisms and its correspondence with an index of economic freedom. The analysis relates to two kinds of economic liberties taken from the concept of freedom formulated by Isaiah Berlin. While the first kind of freedom (negative freedom) depends on the external system (e.g. the constraints on the firm defined by the regulations), the second refers to the internal obligations within the business system itself that prevent the free exercise of business (positive freedom): specifically, the social network, in which the company is embedded. After an operationalization of the two concepts of freedom, the analysis of a comprehensive database allows us to explore the relationship between the two kinds of freedom.
Social Network Analysis Antitrust Policies Interlocking Directorates Europe Positive Freedom Negative Freedom


- Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers and Book Reports
Impact of National Culture on Human Resource Management
By: • June 24, 2012 • Case Study • 3,486 Words (14 Pages) • 1,620 Views
Page 1 of 14
Table of Contents
National culture and rewards related preferences 10
The role of value orientation 11
Distributive justice 11
Socially healthy pay and pay differentials 11
Performance-related pay (PRP) 12
Financial involvement 12
Employee benefits 12
Selection and Recruitment 13
Training 13
Motivation and reward system 14
Diversity at workplace 15
Merits and demerits of diversity at workplace 15
The main aim of the study is to analyze the impact of national culture on human resource management. When considered in a cross-cultural context, the human resource strategies vary a lot. Hofstede's work is most prevalent in cross-cultural management studies. So his dimensions in national culture are used in the analysis of India and US. This study defines how pay, motivation and the reward system are influenced by the culture. The cross-cultural merits and demerits are mentioned in this report. This report also concentrates on national culture influences on human resource management. This report shows that the national culture influence on human resource management practices. Therefore, this report says that the human resource practices are bounded by culture, values of the society.
Human Resource Management (HRM) is highly influenced by culture. Many aspects of HRM are different in different countries. When studying about the impact of culture on HRM it is necessary to see what is meant by culture. Culture is a complicated concept among the researchers. In anthropological and sociological terms, culture refers to the values and attributes of the community the people belong. "Hofstede defines culture as the collective programming of the mind based on a broad tendency to prefer certain states of affairs over others" (Tayeb 2008). Tayeb defined culture as historically evolved values, attributes and meaning which are learned and shared by the members of the community and which influence their way of life. All researchers give different meanings to culture. It is different between nations. HRM can be influenced by culture. Some HRM functions like recruitment, pay, reward system, training, and development are underpinned by associated culture values.
Personnel management is a traditional administrative function. They are maintenance oriented. These are usually performed by the personnel department in an organization. They will react, respond only when problems arise. The main motivators of PM are compensations, rewards, job simplification and so on. PM is criticized in many ways. Employees are viewed as 'economic animal' who can be motivated through the manipulation of reward system. The power is playing in many organizations.the managers want the employees to do what they want. Attention is little paid to the views of the employee. (Tayeb 2008)
HRM is an American invention in early 1980s. it was practiced in some companies and the positive record adapted it many companies. Then it came to European countries. The effective HRM leads to higher productivity and higher performance. HRM also deals with personnel functions buts they are planned and implemented with regard to the companies' strategies. (Tayeb 2008)
According to Porter, The strategic role of HRM is to support activities of the organization. HRM is different from personnel management in three ways. (Tayeb 2008)
Firstly, Personnel management focuses on the management and the sub-ordinates and HRM focus on the entire management team.
Secondly, the line managers have the main role in HRM and to achieve profit by coordinating resources. But this is not in case for the personnel management.
Thirdly, the aspect of the HRM is the management of organizational culture and the personnel management has no role in this.
In 1980's Hofstede found the five dimensions of national culture that can be used to illustrate the different values in different native cultures of different countries. These dimensions can be used to illustrate how people in a different culture act and how they behave in work related factors.
These dimensions are power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and masculinity/femininity.
Figure 1: Hofstede's Model of Cultural Differences
Hofstede's study has been criticized in many ways but it is very useful to know the cross-cultural framework. It is very helpful for someone who is entering into the new business or employment. All should be aware of the different cultural differences. Each country has its own culture and this cultural difference can influence workplace value and business communication.
Power distance:
If power distance score is higher, that means there are unfair relationships between the superiors and the subordinates. It also shows the inequalities of power and wealth are allowed in the societies. Power distance is high in countries like India and France. Their employees have to show respect to the higher authorities. The decision making is centralized. That means managers will not include the employees while taking decisions about their appraisals. In countries like Australia and Israel, there is a low inequality culture. Employees feel free to consult with the managers in whatever situations they are. They do not feel it as a disrespectful manner. They have the flexibility in their work. Here decision making takes place in the presence of the employees. (Henderson 2008).
India indicates a high power-distance score that shows the high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. The people accept this as a cultural norm. The score of India is 77 and the world average is 56.5. US indicates a low power distance of 40 that shows they have greater equality of power. (
Uncertainty Avoidance [UA]:
The extent to which how easily the culture corporate with the changes. If UA is high, it creates a rule-oriented society. If UA is low the society is less rule-oriented and they are highly tolerance to variety of opinions and also they take greater risk. France has high uncertainty avoidance score, when compared with the lower U.S. score. Americans do not displace or dismiss any employee whose work is unsatisfactory; they consider it as a gain in efficiency. But the French need for continuing relationships with long-time members of the company, whose trusted presence reduces uncertainty. Countries like Japan and Greece have high UA. The employees in companies in these countries are attracted to long term commitment. Companies in countries like Denmark Hong Kong, the people are not able to corporate with the changes very easily and they find things in a sensible way rather than following theories. They will try to find out the need for change and work accordingly. People do not want to work in a stable work atmosphere. (Henderson 2008).
India is having a low ranking in UA. The culture is more open to unstructured ideas and situations. The dimension score is 40 when compared to world average which has 65. This dimension score is high for US. They have 46. That means they have less rules and greater level of tolerance. (
Individualism / Collectivism:
It is the extent to which the culture encourages the individual. Countries like USA, UK they have individualist culture. They give importance to individual achievement. Here the aim is to be a good leader. People work only the normal hours and they want to get paid if they work overtime. They do not consider the relation to overlap with the private relation. Where individualism is high people are expected to take care of themselves and their family. Countries like Iran and Peru they have collectivist cultures. The entire organization works like one family. They support each other. Their aim is to be a good member of the organization. They
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A lasher is an ambulatory plant and often hostile. They can be found in the Wailing Caverns, Maraudon, Un'Goro Crater, and Dire Maul. Lashers are elementals in-game, but in lore they are just "plants".
World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade introduced new lashers in Azuremyst Isle, Bloodmyst Isle, and the Botanica.
The lashers in Un'Goro Crater are known as bloodpetals and grow in several different varieties. They are all neutral except the Bloodpetal Pest which is friendly to Alliance players and hostile to Horde players.
Note that there are a number of mobs with lasher in their name, but are not the plant lashers. Some examples are Scorpid Tail Lashers and the hydras named Vorsha the Lasher and Trigore the Lasher.
"Orchid"-type lashers Edit
Mutated Root Lasher
An orchid lasher.
Another type of lasher (called "orchid lasher" in the files) is similar to other lashers, but with a particularly large flower. They are prevalent in the Botanica, Azuremyst Isle, Bloodmyst Isle, Sholazar Basin, Wintergrasp, and Emerald Dragonshrine.
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5 lessons from a life livedBlog added by Sandy Schussel on August 30, 2012
Sandy Schussel
Sandy Schussel
Princeton, NJ
Joined: December 10, 2011
My Company
Sandy Schussel, LLC
Corey Rudl was an Internet marketing pioneer who tragically died in a car-racing accident in June, 2005. At only 35 years old, his professional success was already an inspiration to millions of people in both the online and offline worlds.
What follows are the five lessons he used to preach to anyone who would listen:
Lesson No. 1: Failure doesn't happen; it's a choice. In Corey's mind, there were only two ways you could fail: You could quit, or you could decide to learn from your past errors. In either case, you'd have to choose to lose.
Lesson No. 2: Assume nothing, test everything. Corey had no respect for people who were content to ass-u-me. If you don't know the solution, he pronounced, don't guess at what it might be — get the facts. Go straight to the source for the answer, or test your hypothesis before you make claims.
Lesson No. 3: Make opportunities to learn, and take notes. Corey was constantly reading — on airplanes, in between meetings, and on vacations. He attributed his success directly to studying every business book, article, course and marketing campaign he could get his hands on.
Lesson No. 4: Seek out great teachers, and be a great listener. Corey believed that if you wanted to fast-track your career, it was critical to seek guidance from those who had gone before you, even if you only had the opportunity to learn from their mistakes.
Lesson No. 5: Define your own success, and live with passion. Corey's biggest frustration was that people seemed to just let life happen to them. "They have dreams," he would rant, "but they don't set goals! Why do so few of us actually design objectives and take action?"
Corey was adamant that anyone can achieve anything; that we can be anything; do anything; have anything. If you decide that your age, work background and level of education limit your potential, they will. But, if you decide that you can win your objectives, you can. While his own life was short, Corey's teachings will long outlast him.
Don't wait until the near-end to develop and absorb the lessons of your life.
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or agreeing to submit to the USDA's general requirements. All state and tribal plans must include certain provisions, including but not limited to:
 1. Land used for production: State and tribal plans must identify a process for collecting, storing and maintaining relevant information regarding land used for growing hemp in the state. This includes information regarding the description, acreage, and boundaries of the farm land.
 2. Sampling and testing for delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): State and tribal plans must implement testing procedures to ensure that plants do not exceed THC levels above 0.3% (as provided in the 2018 Farm Bill). All testing facilities must be DEA approved, as non-compliant product with THC levels over 0.3% would be considered "marihuana" and a schedule 1 substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (CSA). Additionally, laboratories will be required to report a "measure of uncertainty" in their testing, designed to provide a buffer for the potential variation in sampling and testing procedures. Accordingly, plants testing higher than 0.3% THC but still within the "measure of uncertainty" will be considered compliant.
 3. Disposal of non-compliant products: States and tribes must develop a procedure for destroying non-compliant cannabis containing more than 0.3% THC. Because non-compliant product is considered a controlled substance, all product must be disposed of in a manner consistent with the CSA. Therefore, product must be collected and destroyed by a DEA agent or law enforcement officer.
 4. Inspection of hemp producers: States and tribes must develop procedures for inspecting hemp producers on an annual basis and also for inspecting random samples. The state must also develop procedures to identify and attempt to correct certain negligent acts such as not obtaining licenses or producers exceeding acceptable hemp THC levels.
 5. Information sharing: State and tribal plans must include procedures for reporting information to the USDA. This information must be provided to the USDA within 30 days of receipt from the hemp producers and includes contact information for all hemp producers in the state, legal descriptions of the land used for hemp production, and the license status of all hemp producers in the state.
 6. In states and tribes without an approved or proposed plan, hemp producers will be subject to the USDA general plan. The general plan also provides similar requirements for the testing and sampling of hemp. The USDA will provide licenses directly to hemp producers in states without an approved or submitted plan as some states may not want to have primary regulatory authority of hemp. These states will essentially hand over regulatory responsibility to the USDA. These licenses will be available by application 30 days after the final rule is published. Notably, the draft USDA rule also provides that states and tribes are restricted from prohibiting the transportation or shipment of hemp or hemp products produced under a state plan, tribal plan or a license issued under the FDA. The interstate commerce provision should put an end to the arrests of those transporting legally produced hemp from one state to another. For example, in July 2019, a trucker was arrested and charged with felony possessions of marijuana and intent to distribute while transporting legally grown hemp through South Dakota (South Dakota still considers hemp a controlled substance).
So while the USDA rule is much anticipated and grabbed the attention of many when published, food and dietary supplement manufacturers, distributors, and retailers are still stuck where they were before. We will all continue to wait and see what FDA will do.
 1. "Establishment of a Domestic Hemp Production Program". (October 31, 2019). Federal Register. Retrieved from _URL_


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Aquarium of the Pacific - Online Learning Center - Species Print Sheet
Conservation Status: Safe for Now
There are six sub-species of Pitohuis. The level of toxicity varies by sub-species, geographic location, and diet. Some individuals from some populations do not have toxin. The most colorful, the Hooded Pitohui, P. dichrous, and Variable Pitohui, P. kirhocephalus, are the most toxic.
At the Aquarium
Information about this bird, which is not on exhibit at the Aquarium, is supplied for reference.
Native to New Guinea.
Hooded Pituhois live in the tropical rainforests and jungles of New Guinea from the lower forests to sea level.
Hooded Pitohui, members of the family Corvidae (crows, ravens, jays, etc.), are beautiful passerines, i.e., songbirds. Their wing, head, and tail feathers are black and their back and belly feathers orange. They have black legs ending in sharp claws and a black beak that is strong and sharp. Male and female birds have the same coloration. When threatened, these birds erect their head feathers to form a crest.
Adult birds average 23 cm (9 in) in length and weigh about 65 g (2.3 oz).
These birds are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of berries and insects such as ants. Scientists are currently studying whether the toxin also comes from a small beetle that the birds eat, (Choresine spp,). These New Guinea beetles are distant relatives of a family of beetles 15,289 km (9,500 mi) away in Central and South America, from which poison dart frogs get some of their toxicity.
Since New Guinea does not have marked seasonal changes, nesting time varies according to location and weather patterns. Only one nest of Hooded Pitohuis has been observed. The nest was cup-shaped and composed of tendrils of climbing plants that had been intertwined on a triangular base of branches. At this nest the birds were observed engaging in cooperative breeding in which at least four adults fed the nestlings. Cooperative breeding has been observed in other Corvids.
Nestlings apparently grow their adult plumage quickly. When threatened, they rise up and crest just as adults do. Although the coloration of their feathers mimics that of adults, their plumage contains only a small amount of toxin, far less than that of the toxic adults. Lacking toxin, the young birds may rely on their striking coloration for protection. It is believed that toxin may be transferred to the nestlings and the nest from the belly and back feathers of the adults. Snakes that prey on eggs and nestlings have been observed eating eggs laid by Hooded Pituhois and then rapidly regurgitating them.
Hooded Pitohuis are often found flocking with other birds, including Raggiana Birds of Paradise (Paradissae raggiana spp). This species, like the pitohuis, does not taste very good. Scientists believe that this association is a type of cooperative relationship in which protection is gained by flocking with the highly unpalatable pitohuis.
These birds advertise their bad taste by emitting a strong, unique odor that may be a warning smell, and with bright colors. Striking color patterns and smells meant to warn off predators are called aposematic.
The diet of Pituhois is the source of the toxin, homoBTX, that settles in the dander, skin, and feathers of the birds, concentrating in the breast, belly, and leg feathers. Contact with these birds produces a very unpleasant tingling and long-lasting numbing effect, sneezing, and burning, watering eyes. Research studies have shown that the toxin appears to be a protection against parasites such as lice, and also against predators, including humans. Another New Guinea bird, the Blue-capped Ifrita, (Ifrita kowaldi), also carries the toxin in its skin and feathers. It is found in a mountainous area above 1,500 m (4,930 ft).
Common in New Guinea, Hooded Pitohuis are not listed as a species of concern.
Some New Guinea tribes people believe that a Hooded Pitohui can be eaten if it is held in the hands and mourned as if it were a dead child. However, a 'mourner' must be certain to mourn long enough to make the bird palatable!
Some New Guinea native tribes call the Hooded Pitohui the 'Wobob', which refers to an itchy, uncomfortable skin disease that comes from contact with the bird, and also as "rubbish birds" because of their unique odor and the disagreeable sensations that result from touching them. Pitohui cannot be eaten without a great deal of preparation to rid the skin and flesh of the highly unpalatable and dangerous toxin.
Local traditional New Guineans led scientists to the tiny choresine beetles that Hooded Pituhoi eat. They identified the beetles with the word 'nanisani', the name they use to describe the tingling and numbing sensation of the lips and face that result from contacting both beetles and bird feathers.


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Hip Protectors Prevent Fractures
Hip protectors could prevent fractures and death among those with Osteoporosis of the hip.
In the United State, for example, there are more than 300,000 such fractures each year and of those 45,000 to 100,000 die within the year from complications that arise after their surgery or from immobility.
Research shows that hip protectors do prevent fractures.
"a study of German nursing home residents reported a more than 40 percent reduction" among those who wore the devices.
This study covered 49 nursing homes in the Hamburg area. In 25 of the nursing home, residents were given a single lecture and some training about the value of wearing hip protectors. And residents were offered free hip protectors. 118 of a total of 459 residents who attended the lectures and training decided to wear the hip protectors.
Residents in the other 24 homes did not get this lecture or training. Of these, only 40 of 483 residents decided to wear hip protectors when they were offered.
Records of hip fracture were kept for 14 months. There were 21 fractures among the 459 residents who got the lecture and training. There were 42 fractures among the 483 residents who did not get a lecture or training. And "The number of hospital admissions in the protector-wearing group was 121, compared to 211 in the unprotected group. Those who wore the protectors saw their risk of fracture drop by 43 percent."
What appear central is educating people about the value of hip protectors.
"And an ongoing analysis of randomized trials worldwide
by Dr. M.J. Parker of Peterborough District Hospital in Cambridgeshire, England, found a two-thirds reduction of fractures" for those wearing the devices.
In Finland there was a study done in 2000 that "reported an 84 percent decrease in hip fractures over a prolonged period" among those wearing hip protectors.
A Dutch study showed less impressive numbers. 561 older Amsterdam residents who were at high risk were selected for study. Of these, 276 wore the protectors and 285 did not. During the next 70 weeks, 18 of the people assigned to the hip-protector group suffered fractures. 20 of those assigned to the group not wearing theprotectos suffered fractures. Most see this as a negligible difference.
What is interesting is that the devices are seldom used in the United States. Some believe that this is because Medicare does not reimburse for them. But it could be that paying for these out of pocket might save individuals and families much pain and inconvenience.....and even prolong life.
Pam Holliday says: "The evidence is fairly strong that they can reduce the number of hip fractures, and they seem to be cost-effective... The hope that their use will increase has been bolstered by the appearance of more products", she adds. "While only two kinds of hip protector were available a few years ago, there now are six kinds on the market."
Sources: Gabriele Meyer, research fellow, University of Hamburg, Germany; Stefan Solvell, president, E-Pill, Wellesley, Mass.; Pam Holliday, Research Associate, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Center, Toronto; Jan. 11, 2003, British Medical Journal
Also, Ed Edelson HealthScoutNews Reporter.


, Volume 28, Issue 9, pp _PHONE_
Date: 29 Jul 2011
Effects of operating factors in the coal gasification reaction
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The effects of operating factors on a gasification system were reviewed by comparing a computational simulation and real operation results. Notable operation conditions include a conveying gas/coal ratio of 0.44, an oxygen/coal ratio of 0.715, a reaction temperature of 1,000 °C, and reaction pressure of 5bar in the case of Adaro coal; based on this, the cold gas efficiency was estimated as 82.19%. At the point of the reaction temperature effect, because the cold gas efficiencies are more than 80% when the reaction temperatures are higher than 900 °C, the gasifier inner temperature must remain over 900 °C. At high reaction temperature such as 1,400 °C, the reaction pressure shows little effect on the cold gas efficiency. The addition of steam into the gasifier causes an endothermic reaction, and then lowers the gasifier outlet temperature. This is regarded as a positive effect that can reduce the capacity of the syngas cooler located immediately after the gasifier. The most significant factor influencing the cold gas efficiency and the gasifier outlet temperature is the O2/coal ratio. As the O2/coal ratio is lower, the cold gas efficiency is improved, as long as the gasifier inner temperature remains over 1,000 °C. With respect to the calorific value (based on the lower heating value, LHV) of produced gas per unit volume, as the N2/coal ratio is increased, the calorific value per syngas unit volume is lowered. Decreasing the amount of nitrogen for transporting coal is thus a useful route to obtain higher calorific syngas. This phenomenon was also confirmed by the operation results.


Stories of Success – Entrepreneurs in times of COVID
Make sure to watch their session to find out more and check out all of the work that they are doing!
Jan Dolezal from the Czech Republic pivoted his tourism business SmartGuide to answer the needs of digital tourism and safe travel for tourists in pandemic times. At SmartGuide they have been making it easier for tourist destinations to sign up and increase their digital offering through their 'Smart Restart' programme and get tourist destinations back on their feet.
Silyana Bojilova, got together with other entrepreneurial minds to start the WeCare Foundation in Bulgaria, to provide care packages and psychological support for families with children where parents have lost their main source of income due to the pandemic.
Karsten Kossatz from Germany set up his initiative Helfen.Berlin, a platform for small businesses to come together and offer vouchers for their goods and services for customers to redeem at a later date whilst they were forced to close during Germany's lockdown. He first got his idea when he saw business owner friends worrying about how they were going to survive throughout the extended closure.
Zsigmond Kovari, from Hungarian company Linistry shared the story of their queuing app and their win at the EUvsVIRUS hackathon with their innovative idea to apply their technology to make supermarkets safer and create a virtual queuing system. Linistry has also worked in collaboration with an airline to create virtual queuing for boarding gates and help observe social distancing.
Ursula Lavrenčič, CEO of KOBI Helps Children Read, told us about making the KOBI online learning app more accessible during the pandemic and lockdown in particular to ensure that children with learning difficulties were still able to keep learning from home. To show solidarity, KOBI momentarily made their app free to help parents with dyslexic children and to support them.
Soren Lex from plasticpreneur, explained how his business that creates plastic chips and pushes using recycled plastic to create a variety of products, turned their expertise and existing specialist machines to making face masks, shields and other protective equipment during the pandemic as they can produce it much faster with their technology. They also shipped out production kits globally to help others produce large amounts of protective equipment at a rate suited to a global pandemic at local level.
Willemijn Schneyder, CEO of Dutch software company Swipeguide explained how during the pandemic they offered their pro intuitive SaaS platform services for free for up to 6 months for manufacturing companies that were 'giving back' by donating or producing essential products throughout the first months of the pandemic.
Marco Witzmann from ValiSpace, a cross border engineering company operating from both Germany and Portugal, spoke about how they offered their remote engineering suite to companies producing ventilators, helped the healthcare industry get their product design teams organised and supported universities and other institutions with their knowledge and resources.
Don't forget to watch the SME Assembly 2020 highlights and head on over to our YouTube channel to watch the different sessions, available now!


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I have a postgresql database that will hold about 50 tables, each of them having about 15 fields, it would have at least 300.000 rows on each table.
In order to track the changes done on each field I am thinking on create a table defined by:
CREATE TABLE fieldhistory(tableid int, fieldid int, id bigint,value hstore); CREATE INDEX fieldhistory_index ON fieldhistory(tableid, fieldid, id);
I would expect the table to grow and grow, and retrieve from
fieldhistory data only by
When the tables are modified I would add a new record with something like:
SELECT upserthistory(1,1,1,'first update','115435','3'); SELECT upserthistory(1,1,1,'second update','115435','3');
upserthistory is defined by :
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION upserthistory(key1 INT, key2 INT, key3 BIGINT, data TEXT, theuser TEXT, whend TEXT) RETURNS VOID AS $$ BEGIN LOOP -- first try to update the key UPDATE fieldhistory SET value = value || ((whend||'.'||theuser) => data) WHERE tableid = key1 AND fieldid = key2 AND id = key3; IF found THEN RETURN; END IF; -- not there, so try to insert the key -- if someone else inserts the same key concurrently, -- we could get a unique-key failure BEGIN INSERT INTO fieldhistory(tableid,fieldid,id,value) VALUES (key1, key2, key3, hstore(array[whend||'.'||theuser,data]) ); RETURN; EXCEPTION WHEN unique_violation THEN -- Do nothing, and loop to try the UPDATE again. END; END LOOP; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
Are there better approaches to accomplish this? the table would grow max to 225 millions of rows, or would it be better to have 50 tables of 4.5 millions of rows at max each? noting that the actual trace of each field will go to the hstore.


Configuring a database user by running ocsetup on Windows
You can run the ocsetup file on the OnCommand Unified Manager server to configure read-only access of the OnCommand Unified Manager database to OnCommand Workflow Automation.
 1. Download the wfa_ocsetup.exe file to a directory in the OnCommand Unified Manager server from the following location: https://WFA_Server_IP/download/wfa_ocsetup.exe.
 WFA_Server_IP is the IP address (IPv4 or IPv6 address) of your WFA server.
 If you have specified a non-default port for WFA, you must include the port number as follows: https://wfa_server_ip:port/download/wfa_ocsetup.exe.
 port is the TCP port number that you have used for the WFA server during installation.
 If you are specifying an IPv6 address, you must enclose it with square brackets.
 2. Double-click the wfa_ocsetup.exe file.
 3. Read the information in the setup wizard and click Next.
 4. Browse or type the JRE location and click Next.
 5. Enter a user name and password to override the default credentials.
 A new database user account is created with access to the OnCommand Unified Manager database.
 Note: If you do not create a user account, the default credentials are used. You must create a user account for security purposes.
 6. Click Next and review the results.
 7. Click Next, and then click Finish to complete the wizard.


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Ecologists have found a new pattern in the gypsy moth invasion across the Northeastern United States that might be useful in battling the moths.
The gypsy moth invasion is arguably the most intensively studied species invasion in history. Since the moths' accidental release near Boston in 1869, the species has swarmed across more than 1 million square miles of the United States, defoliating up to 12 million acres of forest each year.
By analyzing more than four decades' worth of data, Derek Johnson and colleagues at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette discovered the moths' spread occurs in pulses roughly four years apart.
That, say the scientists, is probably because moths that spread far beyond the current frontier cannot establish breeding populations unless they colonize in sufficient numbers.
Thus, says Johnson, moths can spread only at times when their populations are high and so targeting large groups of moths near the edges of the current distribution could help to slow their advance.
The study appears in the current issue of the journal Nature.
Copyright 2006 by United Press International
Explore further: Honeybees trained in Croatia to find land mines


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The environmental impact of electric vehicles has been in the media for some time. Now comes news that electric vehicles can also impact running the home.
An exhibit at the Georgian College Auto Show, in Barrie, Ontario, demonstrates the integration of electric vehicles into the home by using the latest Smart Grid technologies. The display, which is run by Nissan and PowerStream, shows how an electric vehicle such as the Nissan LEAF can help power the home by converting energy stored in the car's batteries to residential use through a system called Vehicle to Home (V2H).
With energy stored in its 24kW lithium-ion battery, a fully charged Nissan LEAF can provide enough electricity to run a typical residential Canadian home for a full day. The LEAF to Home electricity-supply system is gathering attention as a new form of infrastructure, as well as contributing factor to energy saving and alternative energy use. PowerStream, Ontario's second-largest community-owned company, began working on the project after taking delivery of Nissan's fully-electric LEAF vehicle.
"The PowerStream/Nissan display proves how smart connections between the grid, the home and the car can help us improve the way energy is managed, consumed – and conserved," said Markham Mayor Frank Scarpitti, who is chairman of the board at PowerStream. "The collaboration between Nissan and PowerStream illustrates the dramatic changes underway in technology and how two industry leaders can collaborate to benefit consumers."
Studies have shown that cutting off one household from the network when power demands are their highest can significantly contribute towards the stable supply of power throughout the grid. The Nissan/PowerStream V2H system demonstrates leading-edge technologies and the future capabilities of Smart Grid and the benefit to consumers.
CNW Group/Nissan Canada
Nissan Canada and PowerStream demonstrate the Nissan 'LEAF to Home' charging system for first time in Canada at the Georgian College Auto Show in Barrie.
Earlier this week in Japan, Nissan introduced the EV Power Station, an electric-vehicle charging station developed by Nichicon Corporation. The EV Power Station can fully recharge the LEAF's high-capacity batteries in as little as four hours, approximately half the time required by conventional chargers.
"The public debut of V2H in Canada today will drive new advancements and collaboration in the auto industry of tomorrow," said Nissan Canada president Allen Childs. "V2H will foster literal connections, such as those between vehicles, infrastructure, the Internet, and the nation's electrical grid, and the connections and relationships between engineers who are developing the next generation vehicle technology."