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Usage instructions
1. Specify the input sequences
A C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T V W Y and X (unknown)
All the other symbols will be converted to X before processing.
The server allows for input in either FASTA or PEPTIDE format.
Note that for Peptide input, all peptides MUST of equal length. Note also, that you must click the box Click if input is PEPTIDE format if the input is in peptide format.
The sequences can be input in the following two ways:
 - Paste a single sequence (just the amino acids) or a number of sequences in FASTA format or a list of peptides into the upper window of the main server page.
 - Select a FASTA or PEPTIDE file on your local disk, either by typing the file name into the lower window or by browsing the disk.
Both ways can be employed at the same time: all the specified sequences will be processed. However, there may be not more than 10 sequences in total in one submission.
The sequences shorter than 15 or longer than 10000 amino acids will be ignored.
2. Customize your run
Select the allele(s) you want to make predictions for from the scroll-down menu (select multiple alleles using the ctrl key), or type in the allele names separated by commas (with out blank spaces).
If the allele that you are looking for is not in the list, a full length MHC protein sequence can be submitted.
Give threshold value for binding values to be displayed.
Select if you want to include affinity predictions (Calculated with netMHCpan-2.8), and if this is the case, its contribution to the combined score.
Select one option from Sort by score to have the output sorted by descending order.
Click the box save prediction to xls file to save the raw prediction output to an excel file. This file will be available in the bottom of the results output file.
3. Submit the job
Scientific problems: Technical problems:


Gender, political knowledge and descriptive representation
Successive studies have found a persistent gender gap in political knowledge. Despite much international research, this gap has remained largely impervious to explanation. A promising line of recent enquiry has been the low levels of women's elected representation in many democracies. We test the hypothesis that higher levels of women's elected representation will increase women's political knowledge. Using two large, comparative datasets, we find that the proportion of women elected representatives at the time of the survey has no significant effect on the gender gap. By contrast, there is a strong and significant long-term impact for descriptive representation when respondents were aged 18 to 21. The results are line with political socialization, which posits that the impact of political context is greatest during adolescence and early adulthood. These findings have important implications for explaining the gender knowledge gap, but also for the impact of descriptive representation on political engagement generally.
Key words
gender gap, political knowledge, descriptive representation, political socialization
This content has been updated on 16 July 2018 at 8 h 14 min.


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Birds dive for food despite sub-zero temperatures
On the upper Chena River in the heart of a cold winter, a songbird appeared on a gravel bar next to gurgling water that somehow remained unfrozen in 20-below zero air. Then the bird jumped in, disappeared underwater, and popped up a few feet upstream.
The bird continued snorkeling and diving against the current of the stream, which is so far north that in December direct sunlight never touches it, instead bathing only the tops of spruce trees with a ruby light.
Soon, two other dark birds with bodies the size of tennis balls landed near the other. Bending from their knees, they bobbed up and down and then all three jumped into the stream. It seemed crazy behavior for a cold winter day, but swimming is how American dippers make their living, even here in Alaska, where they range as far north as the Brooks Range.
Mary Willson, a biologist, ecologist and consultant from Juneau, might be the only Alaska researcher who has studied the American dipper. She has pulled on her chest waders to follow dippers on waterways near Juneau's road system, and she's gotten to know a bit of the character of what she calls "a very cool bird."
The dipper often feeds while flying underwater, using the liquid as it does another fluid, air. The birds also snorkel, swimming on the surface with their heads below the water surface. They sometimes pick up rocks on stream bottoms to find food underneath.
Dippers depend on clean, open water. In very cold places, the birds appear at openings in ice caused by water upwelling, and dippers can dive through one hole in the ice and emerge from another one. Near Juneau, dippers sometimes appear at deltas where streams flow into the ocean.
Dippers eat aquatic and flying insects and are skilled enough to catch small fish, Willson said. She has seen a dipper with four tiny fish in its beak at once. Another time, she witnessed a dipper catching a four-inch fish called a sculpin.
"It had to beat that one on the rocks until it was in enough pieces to eat."
Willson thinks the dippers can survive the transition from 32-degree water to subzero air because of their feathers, which are denser than other songbirds', and large oil glands near the base of their tails. They dip their beaks in the oil glands and wipe oil on their feathers, perhaps to keep themselves waterproof. Dippers also have flaps that cover their nostrils while diving. And, according to the Birder's Handbook by Paul Ehrlich, David Dobkin, and Darryl Wheye, "these birds are able to forage on the bottom of streams in which the current is too fast and the water too deep for people to stand."
Nobody knows how dippers survive the cold, dark winter in northern Alaska and the Yukon. Willson said scientists have studied the effects of severe winters on the similar European dipper, which ranges above the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia. They have found that extreme cold spells kill many of the birds. She wonders how dippers in the far north don't perish in the frigid air temperatures and during the long nights between the three-to-four hours of twilight.
"They are visual hunters," she said. "In the pits of winter, they'd have to hurry-scurry to get enough food in the time where there's light to hunt."
(Since the late 1970s, the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Geophysical Institute has provided this column free in cooperation with the UAF research community. Ned Rozell is a science writer for the Geophysical Institute. This column first appeared in 2006.)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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X-ray reflectivity sometimes known as X-ray specular reflectivity, X-ray reflectometry, or XRR, is a surface-sensitive analytical technique used in chemistry, physics, and materials science to characterize surfaces, thin films and multilayers. It is related to the complementary techniques of neutron reflectometry and ellipsometry.
The basic idea behind the technique is to reflect a beam of x-rays from a flat surface and to then measure the intensity of x-rays reflected in the specular direction (reflected angle equal to incident angle). If the interface is not perfectly sharp and smooth then the reflected intensity will deviate from that predicted by the law of Fresnel reflectivity. The deviations can then be analyzed to obtain the density profile of the interface normal to the surface.
The technique appears to have first been applied to x-rays by Professor Lyman G. Parratt of Cornell University in an article published in Physical Review in 1954. Parratt's initial work explored the surface of copper-coated glass, but since that time the technique has been extended to a wide range of both solid and liquid interfaces.
The basic mathematical relationship which describes specular reflectivity is fairly straightforward. When an interface is not perfectly sharp, but has an average electron density profile given by, then the x-ray reflectivity can be approximated by:
Here is the reflectivity,, is the x-ray wavelength, is the density deep within the material and is the angle of incidence. Typically one can then use this formula to compare parameterized models of the average density profile in the z-direction with the measured x-ray reflectivity and then vary the parameters until the theoretical profile matches the measurement.
For films with multiple layers, X-ray reflectivity may show oscillations with wavelength, analogous to the Fabry-Pérot effect. These oscillations can be used to infer layer thicknesses and other properties, for example using the Abeles matrix formalism.
- Holy, V. et al. Phys. Rev. B. 47, 15896 (1993).
- Jens Als-Nielsen, Elements of Modern X-Ray Physics, Wiley, New York, (2001).
- J.Daillant, A.Gibaud, X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications. Springer, (1999).
- M.Tolan, X-Ray Scattering from Soft-Matter Thin Films, Springer, (1999)
- L. G. Parratt, Phys. Rev. 95, 359 (1954).
- J. Als-Nielsen, D. McMorrow, Elements of Modern X-Ray Physics, Wiley (2001), p. 83.
|This optics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Thomson, James, 1700–1748, Scottish poet. Educated at Edinburgh, he went to London, took a post as tutor, and became acquainted with such literary celebrities as Gay, Arbuthnot, and Pope. His most famous poem, The Seasons, was published in four parts, beginning with "Winter" (1726), which achieved an immediate success. "Summer" (1727) was followed by "Spring" (1728) and then "Autumn" in the first collected edition (1730); a revised edition appeared in 1744. In The Seasons, Thomson's faithful, sensitive descriptions of external nature were a direct challenge to the urban and artificial school of Pope and influenced the forerunners of romanticism, such as Gray and Cowper. His other important poems are Liberty (1735–36), a tribute to Britain, and The Castle of Indolence (1748), written in imitation of Spenser and reflecting the poet's delight in idleness. Thomson also wrote a series of tragedies along classical lines, with a strong political flavor. The most notable were Sophonisba (1730); Edward and Eleanora (1739), which was banned for political reasons; and Tancred and Sigismunda (1745). In 1740 he collaborated with his friend David Mallet on a masque, Alfred, which contains his famous ode "Rule Britannia."
See his poetical works (ed. by J. L. Robertson, 1908, repr. 1965); biographies by H. H. Campbell (1979) and M. J. Scott (1988); studies by R. Cohen (1963 and 1970) and R. R. Agrawal (1981).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: English Literature, 1500 to 1799: Biographies


Document management is a critical component to ensuring that your packaging solutions have the proper compliance and required supporting information. The TEN-E SmartCabinet provides your company with instant access to all of your packaging documents from anywhere with any device.
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See what questions
a doctor would ask.
Foaming saliva (symptom description): Foaming saliva is listed as a type of or related-symptom for symptom Drooling.
Foaming saliva (symptom description): For a medical symptom description of 'Foaming saliva', the following symptom information may be relevant to the symptoms: Drooling (type of symptom). However, note that other causes of the symptom 'Foaming saliva' may be possible.
Research the causes of these symptoms that are more broader types of symptom than Foaming saliva:
More information on symptom: Drooling:
Research related medical symptoms or conditions such as:
Search Specialists by State and City

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Projecting future human demand on the Earth's regenerative capacity
Moore, D., Cranston, G., Reed, A. and Galli, A., 2012. Projecting future human demand on the Earth's regenerative capacity. Ecological Indicators, 16, pp. 3-10.
Related documents:This repository does not currently have the full-text of this item.
You may be able to access a copy if URLs are provided below. (Contact Author)
The Ecological Footprint measures human demand for ecological goods and services, converting various consumption activities into an area of world average bioproductive land measured in "global hectares". This may then be compared to an area that indicates the ability of Earth's ecosystems to support that consumption (biocapacity). Ecological Footprint analyses have generally focused on past and present levels of impact, as the Footprint is not in itself a predictive tool. However, it is equally possible to conduct an Ecological Footprint analysis from projections of future ecosystem productivity and consumption levels. Here we use a Footprint Scenario Calculator to convert projected consumption and emission quantities into Ecological Footprint and biocapacity trends up to 2050. This Calculator uses a variety of parameters as input, ranging from food demand to CO 2 emissions. Both baseline projections and alternative scenarios have been built and compared to assess the possible effects of various courses of action. We found that, under widely accepted consumption projections, by 2050 humanity will be using resources and producing wastes at 2.6 times the rate at which they can be renewed or sequestered. The simplistic analysis performed here has the potential to educate and illustrate potential inconsistencies in the various demand projections performed by organizations. However, to have relevance at a national level, more sophisticated models are required. The most likely framework for such models is based upon Environmentally Extended Input Output analyses; these models have huge potential if true dynamism with bi-directional environment-economy links are quantified and incorporated.
|Creators||Moore, D., Cranston, G., Reed, A. and Galli, A.|
|Departments||Faculty of Engineering & Design > Mechanical Engineering|
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it is crucial to capture registry modifications. Winalysis as mentioned above is one of the available programs that can be used for registry baselining.
- Running processes: A snapshot of the running processes can be created using a number of programs. Some of them are available from Sysinternals.
- Open Ports: A snapshot of the open ports can be created using the 'netstat' utility. However, it does not list the name of the process that is tied to the port. For this, we can use Fport available from Foundstone.
- Users, Groups, Network Shares and Services are some of the other elements that should be baselined.
3.2.1 Victim machine
Some of the elements that are to be baselined in the Victim Machine are:
3.2.2 Network traffic
The next element that has to be baselined is the network traffic. Even when there is no application running on either of the test machines, there will still be some network traffic. This traffic has to be recorded and the "normal traffic" in our test network has to be defined. This is because when deviations occur in the "normal traffic" pattern, we can assume it to be generated by the binary and perform further testing on it.
Sniffing software that is installed on our "sniffer machine" is used for this purpose. Any sniffing software running in verbose mode is sufficient for our purposes. However, to make our task easier, it is preferable to use a protocol analyzer like Ethereal.
3.2.3 External view
Although we have created a snapshot of the open ports in the victim machine, it is always better to create one more snapshot from an external machine. A port scanner running on our "sniffer machine" can achieve this task for us. It goes without saying that Nmap will be the port scanner of choice for most users.
3.3 Information collection
Now that the preparations are over, we can go ahead with our task. This is the only stage where we have an actual interaction with the binary. A lot of raw information about the binary is collected during this stage which is analyzed in the next stage. Therefore, it is very important to carefully record all the information generated in this stage. The steps in the information collection stage are:
3.3.1 Static analysis
During the static analysis stage, we collect as much information about the binary as possible, without executing it. This involves many techniques and tools. Static analysis reveals the scripts, HTML, GUI, passwords, commands, control channels, and so on. Simple things like the file name, size, version string (right-click>properties>version in Win32), are recorded.
Human-readable strings are extracted from the binary and these strings are recorded. A program like Binary Text Scan can be used for this purpose. These strings reveal a lot of information about the function of the binary.
Resources that are embedded in the binary are extracted and recorded. A program like Resource Hacker can be used for this purpose. The resources that can be discovered through this process include GUI elements, scripts, HTML, graphics, icons, and more.
3.3.2 Dynamic analysis
During this stage, we actually execute the binary and observe its interaction with the environment. All monitoring tools including the sniffing software are activated. Different experiments are done to test the response of the running malware process to our probes. Attempts to communicate with other machines are recorded. Basically a new snapshot of the environment is created like in the baselining the environment stage.
After taking a snapshot of all the changes the binary performs in the system, the binary process is terminated. Now, the differences between the new snapshot and the baseline snapshot are determined. The dynamic analysis step is very similar to the baselining the environment stage. Therefore, the tools are reused for this stage. Winalysis and InstallRite can be used for this purpose. Apart from these tools, Filemon and Regmon from Sysinternals can be used for monitoring the file system and the registry dynamically. These tools are used for observing the changes to the file system and the registry.
This information is recorded and forms the input for the next stage of our analysis. The information generated here can be new files, registry entries, open ports, etc.
Sometimes, the static analysis step has to be repeated once more after doing a dynamic analysis.
3.4 Information analysis
This is the stage where we can finally reverse engineer the binary based on all the information collected during the previous stages. Each part of the information is analyzed over and over and the "jigsaw puzzle" is completed. Then the big picture automatically begins to appear and the reverse engineering process is finished. However, before this is achieved, we may have to repeat the previous stages (See figure) several times.
The goals of the individual or organization evaluating the binary determine the type of analysis and because the goals differ, no standard methodology is provided for this stage. Looking for deviations from the stated security policy of an organization based on the information can be the determining factor in some cases.
Although a complete methodology for information analysis is beyond the scope of this paper, a few techniques are presented here. In many cases, these techniques are sufficient for analysis.
3.4.1 Internet searches
A search engine can be used for searching for more information on the binary. Keywords for the search engine can be drawn from the information generated during the "Static Analysis" step during the previous stage. Things like filenames, registry entries, commands, etc. often reveal a lot of information about the malware. Some good sources of information on the internet include Online Virus Databases (mostly maintained by Antivirus Vendors), News Groups and Mailing Lists. Many times, internet searches reveal almost all there is to know about the malware and no further research is needed.
3.4.2 Startup methods
Every malware needs a way to ensure that it is executed when a system reboots. This is the most vulnerable aspect of the malware. There are only a limited number of ways in all operating systems that a program can use to restart automatically when a machine reboots. The information collected during the previous stage can be analyzed to identify the startup method of the malware. A very good source for Startup Methods related information on the Internet is the Paul Collins' Startup List.
3.4.3 Communication protocol
A network protocol analyzer like Ethereal in many cases can identify the communication protocol used by the binary. When this is not the case, the protocol has to be reverse engineered. This is beyond the scope of this document.
3.4.4 Spreading mechanism
If the malware under scrutiny is a self-spreading worm or virus, the collected network traffic data will easily reveal its spreading mechanism. In most cases, a cursory glance is enough.
3.5 Documenting the results
Documenting the results of the malware analysis and reverse engineering exercise is essential. One of the main advantages is that the knowledge incorporated into the documentation can be leveraged for later analysis exercises. The documentation needs differ from individual to individual and organization to organization. The method preferred by the concerned party can be used here.
From this article we've seen that a basic behavioral analysis of a binary can be easily performed by an administrator, or indeed by a power user. While this approach does not give the same level of detail as code analysis would, it is sufficient for most people's needs when figuring out what a potentially malicious binary is capable of.


Sunday, April 14, 2013
Map Time!
A map I was working on yesterday while I zoned out watching a movie. It's a sinkhole mini crawl. I imagine this being in a wasteland/desert setting and it is an oasis 100' below the surface. There are small mesa like features (the green and brown thingies) two of which have caves, a cabin, stream and the black squares I haven't figured out. A series of obelisks? A graveyard? Small black boxes?
If you figure it out let me know. I'd love to know.
 1. Lovely map! The black squares grouped together like that make me think of some device of which they are all a part, which activates when some condition is met (moonlight hits them, they're all turned a certain way, etc.).
 2. The black things? Tents!
 3. The Black things? Obelisks made from obsidian. Strange glyphs cover each one, and on a full moon when it reaches its zenith the light shines upon the obelisks. The runes then glow a cold blue.
 On these nights strange sounds can be heard if one puts his ear to the stones. Whether its languages, animal noises, or something stranger one can not really tell.


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I understand that in Israel the secular New Year is referred to as "Yom Sylvester." Where does this name come from?
The Aish Rabbi Replies:
In 46 BCE the Roman emperor Julius Caesar made adjustments to the Roman calendar, including beginning the new year on January 1 rather than in March. (He egocentrically decreed that the calendar should henceforth be called the "Julian" calendar.)
In practical terms, all cultures celebrate the new year according to their particular calendar and the Romans were no different. When the Roman Empire became the Holy Roman Empire under Constantine, at his mother Helena's behest, the Christian world carried on the custom of celebrating the Roman new year.
In many European countries this day was named after Saint Sylvester. There have been three popes named Sylvester (who later became Saints), but the one after whom the day is named is Sylvester I (314-335). Christianity grew under his rule and it is believed that he died on December 31. In addition, during his rule it was believed that he had been swallowed by the Leviathan sea monster and that the monster would return in the year 1000 to destroy and kill. When it did not, people were relieved and they celebrated.
As you see, there is nothing remotely Jewish about "Sylvester Day." So why is it celebrated in Israel?
Israeli society flows according to the Jewish calendar. Schools and businesses are closed on Shabbat, and the whole country shuts down on Jewish holidays like Yom Kippur. For that reason the secular/Christian new year has little significance. Yet when some ultra-secularists discovered that most of the world holds a "New Years party," they didn't want to feel left out.
Yet they couldn't call it "New Years" because that title was already taken by Rosh Hashana. So the name Sylvester was adopted in its stead.


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Always wanted to be near the sea, enjoying the sunsets and listening to the sound of the waves? Being on the water has always been associated with wellbeing, and for a reason… or better, six. Here are 6 reasons why sailing will make you, and those around you, happier… and healthier.
1. Negative Ions
Breathing is what keeps us alive, the better the air, the better we fuel our bodies. Fresh air makes us feel more awake, active and alive. When sailing you are exposed to clean, fresh air, away from the polluted air of cities and cars. The sea air is richer in negative ions, which help the body absorb oxygen and make us feel better. They naturalize free radicals, revitalize metabolism and help to purify the blood.
2. Vitamin D
Sailing often means spending more time outdoors, getting the benefits of the sun and charging our bodies with essential vitamin D, which helps our bodies to absorb calcium and phosphorus, essential for our bones. Having said that, when sailing it is also important to protect our skin from too much sun, using protective hats, clothing and sun cream.
3. Sounds of Nature
A form of pollution is the sound pollution that we suffer living in cities or near industrial areas. Whilst sailing, we listen to the waves and sounds of water and the wind in our sails. Nature sounds are relaxing and give us a feeling of calm and wellbeing. How many Spas recreate those sounds with artificial fountains or recordings? Living near the water will get you the real thing.
4. Physical fitness
Being near water reduces stress. It makes us feel physically better and more relaxed and boosts our immune system, allowing us to live a healthier life. Sailing also keeps us active and exercised, with all the benefits that an active life provides.
5. The Blue Mind Effect
Being near the water sets our mind in a relaxed, happier state. Recent studies point out how our brains react when we are near the sea, rivers or lakes, making us feel better mentally. Wallace J. Nichols explores the scientific reason behind this in his book 'The Blue Mind'.
6. Feeling of accomplishment
Learning the skills to sail a boat and being able to sail to your destination gives you a feeling of self confidence and accomplishment. Sailing is a constant learning, helping to keep your mind active.
Well, there you have it…
…6 good reasons why sailing not only will make you happier, but will keep you healthier. So why don't you come sailing with us? Whether you are an experienced Skipper or a total novice, take the helm, learn new skills and enjoy the benefits of sailing.
Thank you Marie Wynants for our cover picture!


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Imagine that you are a pregnant lady. (Perhaps you actually are, but if you are not, then do your best to imagine.) You are in your third trimester, and you get on a plane because you weren't paying attention during your last doctor's visit, where she advised you against traveling. Somewhere over the Atlantic Ocean, your water breaks.
In some miracle there is a gynecologist on board, a few aisles down from you, and therefore your labor goes as smoothly as it could possibly go in those circumstances. And then, while you are still over the Atlantic Ocean, your baby is born. You arrive at United States customs, clutching your newborn baby, who obviously does not have a passport. Where do you say your baby is from?
The answer is quite complicated, and contested. Countries have different laws governing the citizenship of babies born on their soil–either jus soli or jus sanguinis; Latin for right of the soil versus right of blood, respectively. Most countries follow jus sanguinis, which dictates that the baby can only assume citizenship via one or both parents. However, the U.S. and some of its neighbors observe the more generous jus soli, which grants automatic citizenship to babies born on their soil.
Things get a little shadier on ships and aircraft. Is an airplane considered to be the soil of the country which owns the airline? According to the United Nations, a baby born on a flight is a citizen of the country where the airline is registered. However, this is not always the case. Weirdly enough, despite its general adherence to jus soli, the United States will not recognize a baby birthed on a U.S. vessel unless it is docked at a U.S. port or flying within the country's airspace.
There are plenty of stories about real life "sky babies." There was the woman who boarded a plane in May 2015 not knowing she was pregnant, and left the flight having delivered a surprise child. There was a Taiwanese woman in October 2015 who gave birth on her flight to the United States, and was accused of attempting "birth tourism"—in which pregnant women travel to countries in the hopes of gaining citizenship via jus soli.
There is at least one perk to being a citizen of the sky, which could make up for any identity crises resulting from being born in the air: airlines have been known to grant free air travel to babies born on their planes.
This story appeared as part of Atlas Obscura's Time Week, a week devoted to the perplexing particulars of keeping time throughout history. See more Time Week stories here.


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How many jumbled words can you unscramble that are associated with Independence Day? Words in the word blank include: anthem, America, barbeque, band, blue, colonies, declaration, fireworks, fourth, king, liberty, parade, party, patriotic, picnic, sign, stripes, taxes, united and white.
I look little....but I PRINT
Click the worksheet printer icon that says "Full Page Print" for a high quality
printable worksheet. All word jumbles are interactive. You can type in the answer online or print them out to solve offline.
Interactive Printable Word Jumbles - Independence Day Word Jumble Worksheet


18 May 2021 - Aerodynamic Behaviour and Structural Safety of Tower Cranes
Aerodynamic Behaviour and Structural Safety of Tower Cranes
Online Event 18th May, 4pm
The Lothar and Martin winter storms of 1999 were a wake-up call for the French construction industry : two particularly violent winter storms swept the country in the space of several days causing multiple tower cranes to collapse.
This led to a long-term research project at the CSTB and a new methodology for the study of dynamic stability of tower cranes including desk study and wind tunnel analysis methods to identify and mitigate the risk of crane autorotation due to surrounding buildings and to quantify dynamic loads on the crane and its foundations. This method is underpinned by the national site-safety certification and insurance system.
This talk will cover the main technical considerations, the different techniques used as well as the legal framework in which it operates.
Graham Knapp
Graham Knapp is a senior wind engineer at the CSTB in France with two decades of experience of studies into structural loading and dynamics for tall buildings, bridges and other major structures around the world. He is based in the climatology, aerodynamics, pollution and purification team at the CSTB Nantes and works in the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnels and Jules Verne climatic wind tunnels.
He is a chartered member of the Institution of Civil Engineers and formerly worked at Buro Happold in the UK.


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- Simple, yet challenging, drills that stress fundamentals and improved skills
- Develop quick, sharp passing to maintain possession of the puck
- Learn to teach the little things that can mean the difference between a win or a loss
with Mark Carlson,
Cedar Rapids Roughriders (USHL) Head Coach;
2005 Clark Cup Champions;
2x U.S. Junior Select Team Head Coach ('08 and '09),
Back-to-Back World Junior A Challenge Champions ('08 and '09);
2008-09 United States Olympic Committee Development Coach of the Year
In this two-part instructional hockey DVD, Mark Carlson presents simple, yet essential drills that are at the heart of player development and team success.
Drills for Puck Possession
Learn eight drills to develop these critical puck possession skills:
- Quick, player to player puck movement
- Agility skating and passing in tight spaces
- No-handle passing while skating at full speed
- D-to-D rear diagonal passing
- Center support
- Transition skill development
- Indirect passing off the boards
Carlson concludes the segment with a full ice drill that combines these skills in a game-like, high speed setting.
Drills for Improving the Details
Carlson presents seven drills to teach and refine the finer points of the game:
- Stick-in-hand discipline to cut down on stick and hand penalties
- Shot blocking that keeps your players in a ready-to-play position
- Shooting the puck at the optimal height making it difficult to defend
- Stick skills for forwards
- Skills and strategies to screen the goalie
- Small, confined area competitive play to simulate game-like chaos
- Accountability, responsibility and detail
Carlson introduces each drill with a maker board diagram and follows with on-ice demonstration. On the ice, Carlson narrates the drill and offers valuable tips on how to best achieve the goals that each drill presents.
Carlson stresses the simplicity of each drill and how through repetition and reinforcement, each drill can be very beneficial to your player development and team success!
52 Minutes. 2010.Hockey Videos


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The Administration of NSW Volume 1
Politics‚ Patronage and Public Works
The early 1840s saw the campaign for colonial self-government gain momentum driven by massive social and political change. Pressures such as the growth and dispersal of the population; the government's direct responsibility for expensive infrastructure; and the democratic, disorganised nature of colonial politics necessitated administrative innovation and improvisation.
Hilary Golder's history locates administrative developments in their social and political context, showing how the administration of New South Wales developed in response to a set of distinctively Australian problems and solutions. She has drawn on parliamentary papers, politicians' private correspondence and the rich resource of surviving government records to attempt a more sympathetic reading of administrative challenges in a growing colony.
Government was responsible for an exponential growth in the number
of colonial public servants, including armies of railway workers and teachers. By 1895 this expansion had become unaffordable and the Public Service Board was set up to retrench and regulate government employment and priorities - reformers condemning the previous arrangements as extravagant, inefficient and even corrupt.
To purchase a copy
The price of the guide is $59.95 over the counter or $71.95 by mail.


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death metal underground
The Ultimate Death Metal Resource
Death Metal Search Engine
Dismember - Like an Ever-Flowing Stream...
Review: Swedish death metal became famous for its phrases of destruction interrupted by thunderous recursion, ripping themselves apart in unfolding conclusion, alternated with racing formations of fast-strummed chords flowing liquid and rhythmic like the energies that replenish life and bring the sudden violence of death.
Dismember accentuate these qualities and build simple pieces into epics through emphasis on the release from order to deconstruction, layering driftlike afterimage guitars on the obscure fast and simple riffs blasted out in syncopation with a riveted structure of vibrations supporting the entire expression in a simultaneous chain of organic events in precision correspondence to a greater event. Songs are usually a permutation of a verse-chorus infrastructure, broken into subsections and riff-salad variants to avoid the simple ratcheting loop of that contrast, held together in the basic rhythm of the drums while guitars synchronize their rhythms closer to the brutal beating that death deserves.
Vast openings peel away levels of song and reduce simple concepts to epic importance, having ritual placement within the essence of a song. The composition of each riff takes the stream of logic that power chords provide and breaks it into rhythmic components of demise, each taking the scale apart or blasting it out in a rhythm to bend its shape: conformity of the basic to a larger and aesthetically different idea, a rearrangement toward an apocalypse where the patterns of life with be dissassembled in destruction and then the pieces recontextualized with new functions in a darker universe.
Differences in tonal motion within the chords are purely a matter of relative direction, the vectors of the syncopated motion of life put into similar patterns in energetic, vitalizing, aggressive music of survival in a postapocalyptic herd. In grim championship of destruction Dismember delight in switching their rhythms from simple walk-beats supporting informative ragged chants of verse to blasting racetrack demonisms and then closing on a blast; solos are sometimes scissoring streams of chords overlaid in somewhat chaotic arrangements creating simple melody in the mysterious harmony and yet wistful dissonance, drifting into a potential-less twist of a note, gesturing toward a direction unfound before the closure of despair.
Emerging from the past toward a future of potential design this music is a hybrid of heavy metal angst and death metal practicality and emotion, forming from explosively collisive chord structures an inner beauty and sonority through the harmonizing affinity of distorted sound shaped into melody. As a result, this music has in itself an elusive passage of transcendence in which it is forever from the mud reaching toward the stars.


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Dwarf Soldiers form the dwarfs' army. They are quite strong fighters and know how to make use of the complex terrain very well. Due to their shortness they can use passages through the mountains where nobody can follow them and attack with their crossbows from hiding-places where nobody expects them.
Dwarf Soldiers have 135 hitpoints. They are strong against earth damage. On the other hand, they are weak against death and fire damage. It takes 360 mana to summon or convince these creatures.
Dwarf Soldiers yield 70 experience points. They carry bolts, gold coins, shovels, soldier helmets, white mushrooms and sometimes other items with them.


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Synonym: Hemizonia fasciculata
Annual plant to 1 m tall, flowers yellow with five ray flowers and usually six disk flowers that have black anthers.
Southwestern California to central Baja California.
The Fascicled Tarweed used to be recognized in the genus Hemizonia, but recent taxonomic research has split the genus Hemizonia into various segregate genera. In San Diego County, all of the Tarweed/Tarplant species that used to be in Hemizonia are now recognized in the genera: Deinandra and Centromadia. There are six species in the genus Deinandra in San Diego County, of which four are considered to be sensitive species. The most common species in this genus in our area is D. fasciculata and it is especially abundant from late spring to summer.


OP Home > How-To > Shooting > Chasing Rainbows
Tuesday, April 29, 2014
Chasing Rainbows
How to predict where a rainbow will be and how to set up your DSLR to photograph it to create dramatic rainbow-scapes
One practical conclusion from all this theory is that, in level country, rainbows can't appear unless the sun's altitude (its angle above the horizon) is less than 42º. At higher solar altitudes, the "rainbow" is below the horizon. In other words, don't bother chasing rainbows at noon. Realistically, you're most likely to see a photogenic rainbow when the sun is less than 20º or so above the horizon. In the mid-latitudes, that means rainbows are most often seen in the last (or first) two hours of the day.
If you can see the shadow of your head, you can quickly estimate where a rainbow will appear using a measuring tool built right into your body. Extend your arms straight out and touch thumb tip to thumb tip. Spread the fingers of both hands as wide as possible, and place the tip of your left little finger on the shadow of your head. Sight toward the tip of your right little finger and scribe an arc in the air, keeping the tip of your left little finger on the shadow of your head. That arc is where a rainbow will appear because, for most people, a double hand span covers an angle of roughly 42º.
Predict, Position And Shoot
Many of the best rainbow photographs show the rainbow arcing up and over something photogenic in its own right. You probably won't have time to move to such a location once a rainbow appears, so you should plan where you want to be in advance. To do that, you need to know where a rainbow will intersect a level horizon. First, determine the direction of the sun. If the sun is visible, measure its bearing with a compass. If it's hidden in clouds, you can consult an app on your smartphone. I like Sun Surveyor (iPhone and Android, _URL_) and The Photographer's Ephemeris (iPhone and Android, _URL_). Or you can consult a printout of sun positions you made before your trip (Figure 3). I like the inexpensive Heavenly-Opportunity software package (Windows, ho.fossilcreeksoft.com).
Figure 3
However you get the sun's position, the next step is to subtract 180º from the sun's bearing. The result is the direction of the antisolar point, or to be more precise, the direction to the point on the horizon directly above the antisolar point (which usually will be below the horizon). Let's call this point the "horizon antisolar point."
If the sun is about to set, the problem is simple. The right limb of the primary bow will intersect the horizon 42º to the right of the horizon antisolar point. The left limb will intersect the horizon 42º left of the horizon antisolar point. This calculation is exact if the sun is right on the horizon and is still a reasonable approximation at any sun altitude less than 10º, or about an hour or less before sunset.
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The most common guesses include a geode, a misshapen pomegranate, and a "period rock." But all these guesses are wrong.
Scientific American's Becky Crew explains that this bizarre-looking specimen is actually a sea creature (Pyura chilensis, to be exact, but known less formally as a "sea squirt.") It's commonly found in the coastal waters of Chile and Peru. They don't look like much from the outside — their squishy bits are encased in a thick substance called "Tunicin" that's very similar to the cellulose that you find in plants — but slice one open, and you'll see they're actually quite beautiful, if a little alien-looking.
But that's not the only thing odd about P. chilensis. Despite its crimson appearance, this creature has clear blood. Its meat contains the rare element vanadium, in concentrations up to 10 million times that of the ocean waters where it makes its home (nobody's quite sure why this is.) And it possesses both male and female gonads. They're also, evidently, delicious. But while P. chilensis have been fished commercially by Chilean and Peruvian natives for years, it wasn't until 2005 that researchers had a clear idea of this bizarre animal's mating habits. Over at SciAm, Crew recounts the details of the experiment that brought its reproductive ways to light:
In 2005, biologists Patricio H. Manríquez from the Universidad Austral de Chile and Juan Carlos Castilla from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile published a paper in the Marine Ecology Progress Series revealing for the first time the particulars of this creature's asexuality. (They also use the verb 'selfing' often and with glorious earnestness). They collected 30 sexually mature P. chilensis from habits in central and northern Chile and set them up in lab tanks as isolated and paired individuals. They wanted to assess the occurrence and success of fertilisation via these two types of reproduction followed by the settlement of the resulting offspring to a hard surface and their subsequent metamorphosis into adulthood.
Continue reading at SciAm.


Tuesday, January 06, 2009
Prime Obsession, and Robert Shiller
Two books that I recently read:
1) Prime Obsession, by National Review's John Derbyshire. Prime Obsession has a mix of chapters: about half address the biography and background of Bernhard Riemann, the eminent German mathematician, as well as many of his forebears, contemporaries, and successors. The other half of the chapters are a layman's explanation, starting with some elementary math, of the Riemann Hypothesis.
It's a brilliant book. Derbyshire has a wonderful knack of explaining complicated mathematical concepts from the ground up. He does this so well that even a non-mathematician has at least a glimmering of a thrill when, in an anecdote, the physicist Freeman Dyson is told of the statistical distribution for the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function, and his response is, "That's the form factor for the pair correlation of eigenvalues of random Hermitian matrices!" What this means (so far as I understand it) is that the distribution of prime numbers has a completely unexpected parallel to the energy levels observed in quantum mechanical experiments. (It's a bit dismaying, to be sure, when after a chapter written in language like that, the next chapter begins with the warning: "You might find the following few sections challenging." But Derbyshire is up to the task of making it all comprehensible.)
2) Robert Shiller's The New Financial Order: Risk in the 21st Century. Shiller is a clever and creative economic thinker, and he presents several bold ideas in this book (including standardized units of currency, income tax schedules based on inequality, and much more).
I was intrigued by his idea of insurance for "livelihoods." Shiller provides an example of a young man thinking of a career in biochemistry. The risk is that his highly specialized knowledge might be displaced or become unusable in the employment market, for some reason. So there's a lot of uncertainty that might cause talented individuals to forego a socially valuable career. Shiller's answer is a livelihood insurance policy that "would be designed to pay him a regular supplement to his income over the years in the event of a decline."
The problem with such insurance plans is two-fold:
a) Insurance companies wouldn't have enough information to price and sell such plans for many careers, particularly new careers as to which there is no historical or national data on income patterns;
b) Even where such insurance plans are possible, the very people who would most benefit would also be least likely to be able to afford a policy. Journalists and GM workers would love to have an insurance policy right now that paid them a lifetime income in the event of job loss. But for that very reason, if such policies were sold at all, they would be exorbitantly expensive for journalists and GM workers (for the same reason that it would be highly expensive for a death row inmate to buy life insurance).
Now if such insurance policies were publicly subsidized in some fashion, that would be a different matter. But then Shiller's argument devolves into a case for a government-sponsored minimum income, except one that varies by career. While Shiller does point out that because of moral hazard, livelihood insurance policies might have to pay only for aggregate drops in the average income for a certain profession, there would still be some moral hazard (I think) for people selecting whether to enter a career where the government's minimum income was higher.
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Linking the type and timing of hydrologic changes with patterns of urban growth is essential to identifying the underlying mechanisms that drive declines in urban aquatic ecosystems. In six urbanizing watersheds surrounding three U.S. cities (Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, and Pittsburgh, PA), we reconstructed the history of development patterns since 1900 and assessed the magnitude and timing of stream f low changes during watershed development. Development reconstructions indicated that the majority of watershed development occurred during a period of peak population growth, typically between 1950 and 1970. Stream f low records indicated significant increases in annual frequency of high-f low events in all six watersheds and increases in annual runoff efficiency in five watersheds. Annual development intensity during the peak growth period had the strongest association with the magnitude of changes in high-f low frequency from the preto post-development periods. Results suggest the timing of the peak growth period is particularly important to understanding hydrologic changes, because it can set the type of storm water infrastructure installed within a watershed. In three watersheds there was a rapid (∼10-15 years) shift toward more frequent high-f low events, and in four watersheds there was a shift toward higher runoff efficiency. Breakpoint analyses indicated these shifts occurred between 1969 and 1976 for high-f low frequency and between 1962 and 1984 for runoff efficiency. Results indicated that the timing of high-f low changes were mainly driven by the development trajectory of each watershed, whereas the timing of runoff-efficiency changes were driven by a combination of development trajectories and extreme weather events. Our results underscore the need to refine the causes of urban stream degradation to incorporate the impact of gradual versus rapid urbanization on hydrologic changes and aquatic ecosystem function, as well as to recognize that the dominant drivers of hydrologic changes are heterogeneous among urban watersheds and vary over time.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Engineering
- Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
- Atmospheric Science


Helpful Tips For Refrigerating Banana Bread Batter
Despite what you might assume or may have read about refrigerating banana bread batter. We have found that you can still successfully store the batter overnight or longer in a refrigerator. There are just a few things you should know first.
So if you are planning on making the batter ahead of time, here is what you should know first.
It would be fine to store your banana bread batter in the fridge for up to 48 hours. The longer the batter is stored the more it will oxidize and turn a dark brown or grey color. This will not effect the flavor or texture but will turn the finished product a darker color.
Now that we know there isn't much to worry about when it comes to storing banana bread batter in the fridge.
We can go into slightly more detail to help you understand further. Then we will also share how exactly you need to go about storing your banana bread batter.
Can You Refrigerate Banana Bread Batter?
Banana bread belongs in the quick bread category and the batter is usually meant to be baked right after mixing. Meaning you don't have wait for any rising period.
This is also why banana bread recipes use simple batter mixtures instead of yeast based dough's.
When it comes to refrigerating batter vs dough, you don't have to worry as much about over rising. With other breads time plays a big role in how the bread turns out.
Banana bread batter isn't as delicate to time and temperature. So you can leave it sit for longer periods of time and the taste will not be affected.
Still if you do plan on storing your banana bread batter in a refrigerator overnight or longer. There is one thing to know about one of the ingredients used to make banana bread.
Can Banana Bread Batter Be Made Ahead of Time?
As mentioned you can make banana bread batter a day or two ahead before baking. Despite being aware of changes in the color of the final product.
You should as an extra precaution use a specific type of baking powder. Baking powder is a leavening agent used to help the bread rise and become lighter.
Baking powder begins to work as soon as it comes in to contact with liquid. Releasing carbon dioxide and creating bubbles that help leaven the batter.
In the case of banana bread batter, as soon as you combine the two main mixes, one being dry (the flour, salt and baking powder) the other wet (eggs, butter, sugar and bananas) the powder becomes activated.
Most folks are afraid that after the baking powder works. The effects are ruined by storing the batter in the fridge overnight. The situation is the batter returns to its normal condensed state.
Here is where the type of baking powder you use makes a difference. If you didn't already know there are actually 6 types of baking powder. But the most common is single and double-acting baking powder.
The popular brand is Rumford and they make both types of baking powder. You can pick up double-acting baking powder on Amazon here.
So what is the difference?
Single-acting baking powder works by being activated only by liquid. So single meaning one time activation.
Double-acting works by reacting with liquid at first and then another time by heat.
Really double acting is better to use for banana bread anyways, but you should especially use it for when you plan to store your batter in the fridge.
This way you get the first reaction of the baking powder, then you can count on the second activation when you actually begin to bake the bread.
Remember baking powder does expire and will not be as effective after sitting in the shelf for too long.
How Long Can You Store Banana Bread Batter?
Keeping banana bread batter in the fridge should be no longer than 3 days. After that you can expect the quality to degrade. As the ingredients will begin to partially separate.
Also the best bananas to use for banana bread are over-ripe. So there's only a small window before they break down further.
Make sure to store the batter in a sealed container or wrap the baking pan with plastic wrap. Keep it near the back of the refrigerator.
Coat the pan or container with butter or cooking spray to prevent sticking.
Can You Freeze Banana Bread Batter?
Freezing banana bread batter can be done but we don't recommend it. Only because it actually takes longer to thaw the dough after than it does to mix a new batch.
There are a few helpful tips for freezing batter. If you are going to make a couple loafs or more. Do not freeze these batters together, as they will be nearly impossible to break apart.
Instead freeze both of them separately in the baking pan. Then you can bag each one separately.
Also its best to keep them in a even shaped formation, that way they thaw out evenly. Remember to date the package to keep track of how long its been frozen.
You should thaw the batter out in the baking pan you intend to use. This way if the batter rises slightly if will keep its shape.
How Long Can You Freeze Banana Bread Batter?
You don't want to keep frozen batter for longer that three months. As any bread dough the freezing and thawing makes the rising take longer. Which begins to affect how the bread tastes.
Always thaw out your dough or batter in the refrigerator. As you don't want any part to become warm or room temperature first.
Banana bread batter will take about just as long to thaw as bread dough. About 12 hours in the refrigerator should be enough time.
Cheesecake-Filled Banana Bread
In case you haven't tried making cheesecake filled banana bread. Its actually very simple, so check out the quick video to see how.
Eric M Wilkens
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Analyzing veterinary data: It's all about the 'why' axis
Analyzing veterinary data: It's all about the 'why' axis
AVMA committed to developing a robust picture of profession's economic situation.
Jul 01, 2014
In April's dvm360, I noted that the first step to producing a more efficient, better-performing veterinary services market is to collect, analyze and distribute better information. However, a California veterinarian recently noted that the American Veterinary Medical Association "has been collecting, analyzing and distributing economic and market information for decades." This, he reasons, implies that a "great amount of time, money and effort expended heretofore by the AVMA and its hires has largely been wasted, inasmuch as the information gathered does not adequately answer the essential needs."
I want to address this apparent contradiction—why the AVMA is conducting more research when its efforts to this point have not prevented the problems we're experiencing—both here and in upcoming issues of dvm360. In the AVMA Eye on Economics column, I'll outline how the AVMA is approaching the economics of our profession, both in terms of data analysis and the crafting of solutions.
The current situation
Even before I arrived at the AVMA as economics director, I took stock of the data that was being collected and found it to be generally of sufficient statistical quality to perform a basic economic analysis. But I also found considerable gaps that made it difficult to analyze the markets adequately. For instance, when I started hunting for information, I found that the price and quantity of veterinary services (taken together) was unavailable.
I also noted that AVMA data was routinely "cherry-picked" to deliver a specific message. To quote an old adage, the data was used the way a drunk uses a lamppost: for support and not illumination. In most of the published literature regarding veterinary medicine, I found that the hypothesis often steered the collection and use of data in its own support, rather than the data being objectively collected and analyzed to prove or disprove the hypothesis.


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The Health Information Management and Systems Society opened the HIMSS Innovation Center today as part of the Global Center for Health Innovation, in downtown Cleveland. The 30,000-square-foot Innovation Center includes a Health IT Simulation Center testing health IT interoperability, and a Healthcare Technology Showcase demonstrating the value of IT and information exchange to patient care, clinician and patient satisfaction, population health, and the bottom line.
"The HIMSS Innovation Center is a milestone in our mission to improve health through the best use of information technology," according to Carla Smith, executive vice president of HIMSS, in a prepared statement. "As a permanent facility capable of hosting virtual and in-person experiences, clinicians, health professionals, consumers, and policy-makers can see how the secure and appropriate exchange of health information improves the outcomes, safety, cost-effectiveness, and access to care. It is an interactive setting where, with our collaborators, HIMSS enables testing of interoperable IT products, and provides knowledge and firsthand demonstrations of the value of health IT for patient care."
The Health IT Simulation Center is a multi-care environment populated with simulated patient demographic, clinical and financial data. Members of the health and healthcare communities can interact in real-time to scenarios that elicit a specific product's interoperability and other capabilities to improve quality and patient outcomes, cost-effective care coordination, secure data exchange and better business performance. The Healthcare Technology Showcase includes exhibitions on information exchange, mobile health, and consumer-driven health.
Get the latest information on Health IT and attend other valuable sessions at this two-day Summit providing healthcare leaders with educational content, insightful debate and dialogue on the future of healthcare and technology.


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"Walk with dreamers, the believers, the courageous, the cheerful, the planners, the doers, the successful people with their heads in the clouds and their feet on the ground. Let their spirit ignite a fire within you and leave this world better than when you found it." - Wilfred Peterson
This quote from Wilfred Peterson is one of Leslie's favorites. It summarizes many of the personal beliefs that have guided his decision-making. Taught the importance of both hard work and customer focus by his parents, Leslie built on this strong foundation, adding excellence, courage, innovation, passion and creativity, and philanthropy to his personal list of success factors. Under the umbrella of these values is his conviction that each generation should leave the company, and more importantly, the world, better off than how they found it. Not one to merely talk the talk, the Rudd Foundation has played a major role in local and national charitable endeavors.


Teach your young adult about sexuality and relationships
Autism By Age > 18 to 21 Years > Social and Relationships >
Teach your young adult about sexuality and relationships
Begin by asking your local school system what type of Family Life Education (human sexuality) they offer. Keep in mind that you should think ahead of the stage your young adult is in. Sexual issues should address the person's biological age.
Sexuality Education Overview by Dr. Peter Gerhardt
Dr. Peter Gerhardt gives a comprehensive and lively overview of the issues people with autism face regarding sexuality. Dr. Gerhardt shares perspectives, recommendations and helpful resources to educate people on the challenges faced by the autism community and how to help individuals learn about their sexuality.
Autism Research Institute - Sexuality and Autism
Like it or not, if you have a child, sexuality and sexual issues are things you're going to deal with eventually, either directly (and positively), or indirectly (and most likely negatively) from the imprints made on your child by other people or sources. If your child has autism, this blissful topic gets even more interesting, or uncomfortable, depending on your perspective. What you must remember is that sexual behavior in child development is normal and it can be tracked through the developmental stages of your child. You can either ignore it, pretend the issue doesn't exist, or you can do what the boy scouts always tell us: "Be Prepared!"
The Our Whole Lives Curriculum
The Sexuality Information and Education Council of the US (SIECUS)
SIECUS educates, advocates, and informs. They help schools and communities develop comprehensive sexuality education curricula, train teachers to provide high quality sexuality education in the classroom, and help parents talk to their kids about sex. They educate policymakers and their staff about issues related to sexuality and train advocates on the local, state, and national levels to build support for comprehensive sexuality education and access to reproductive health information and services. They produce countless resources for a wide variety of audiences—from policymakers to parents, healthcare providers to teens—to ensure that everyone has access to accurate, complete, and up-to-date information about sexuality.
The Scarlet Teen Website
Scarleteen is an independent, grassroots sexuality education and support organization and website. Founded in 1998, Scarleteen.com is visited by around three-quarters of a million diverse people each month worldwide, most between the ages of 15 and 25. They provide articles, interactive services, referrals, outreach, mentoring, and leadership.
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Three Strategies Popular Businesses Use To Solve Workplace Problems
Different problems can arise in marketing agencies: teams miss deadlines, productivity decreases, office politics can get sour, and sometimes things happen that are simply out of anyone's control. These are regular occurrences in any marketing company. Marketing agencies face high turnover rates and pressure builds up naturally. The need for consistently creative and fresh work also increases the strain on both project managers and company employees. If allowed to fester, a simple mishap can eventually result in loss of efficiency, lower employee satisfaction, and creative standstills.
This article will explore three unique ways used by marketing agencies for managing problem solving within their workplace, as well as discuss the benefits of running a smooth operation, and how deploying these tactics improves business in general.
- The Ideal Strategy
Marketing agencies can sometimes work with several different teams on a single project, which can create a complex network of people involved. To successfully deal with any problems and navigate a network of employees, some companies use the IDEAL strategy. IDEAL is an acronym which stands for :
I: Identify the problem
D: Define the cause
E: Explore possible strategies
L: Look and Learn
The strategy, first introduced by Bransford and Stein in 1984, involves a step by step approach which focuses on avoiding casting blame and explores a broad amount of possible solutions to choose from.
The method begins by identifying the overall problem, followed by working out what the underlying cause of the issue is. The next step is exploring possible strategies for tackling the cause of the issue. This stage consists of brainstorming and consultation, effectively trying to exhaust all possibilities, and creating a comprehensive response. Finally, the best-fitting solution is deployed, and an observation period ensues. The idea behind this is to learn by observing how successfully the implemented changes panned out, and then adopt strategies for the next time.
This method highlights the importance of reasoned and paced approaches to problem-solving. Focusing on possible solutions instead of the cause allows team members to exercise their strengths rather than dwelling on weaknesses.
Project managers utilize this strategy as it is a well thought out process which follows simple steps, prevents panic among employees and avoids blame-shifting. According to Minterapp, by exercising their strengths daily, employees can be 8% more productive and six times more likely to be engaged with tasks.
- Team Building Activities
This problem-solving strategy is aimed at solving problems related to team dynamics, such as a lack of cooperation and communication or animosity between team members. Good team dynamics are paramount in a creative line of work such as marketing since problems within a team can stifle creativity.
By hosting team building activities, marketing agencies speed up the natural process of bonding and collaboration in a team. After all, having connected employees increases productivity by between 20 and 50%. By efficiently working together, members can be more satisfied and less stressed.
Team building activities are often perceived as corny. Those asked to participate in them sometimes grumble and complain, feeling that there is no need for such things, or worse, that the activity is belittling, as it can seem playful and childish.
However, marketing project managers use these activities to get the "creative juices flowing". By engaging in games such as blind drawing and conducted stories, team managers emphasize the importance of good communication and listening skills when collaborating.
- Group Discussions
Sometimes talking it out is the best thing to do. This applies to friendships and relationships but also the workplace. By going back to basics, group discussions enable team leaders to get a sense of what their team members think about the problem at hand. This increases the number of people collaborating on solving an issue, which in turn maximizes the chances of solving it.
Many agencies have found that group discussions offer an opportunity for debate and thoughtful conversations. Apart from brainstorming possible causes and solutions to a particular problem, these sessions can evolve into opportunities for creative thinking in other areas.
Weekly or fortnightly meetings of this type also help establish a sense of community and participation. Considering that less than half of employees in companies are aware of the concrete goals their company is aiming towards, a bit of talking definitely doesn't hurt.


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What is the media? What does it do? Students examine the types and roles of the media by taking on the role of newsmaker and agenda setter.
Students will be able to:
ANTICIPATE by asking students if they've ever seen a television newscast. Ask students to recall any details they remember (graphics, music, story topics). Ask students who they think makes decisions about what stories television newscasts discuss.
DISTRIBUTE the Reading pages to each student.
READ the two reading pages with the class, pausing to discuss as necessary.
CHECK for understanding by doing the T/F Active Participation activity. Have students respond "True" or "False" as a chorus or use thumbs up/thumbs down.
DISTRIBUTE scissors, glue, and the Agenda Cutout Activity pages. Students can complete this activity individually or in pairs.
READ the directions for the cutout activity.
ALLOW students to complete the cutout activity.
REVIEW the answers to the cutout activity.
DISTRIBUTE one worksheet to each student and review the directions for the activities.
ALLOW students to complete the worksheet.
DISTRIBUTE one Extension Activity to each student and review the directions.
ALLOW students to complete the extension activity.
CLOSE by asking students to silently recall as many roles of the media as they can. Call on students until all roles have been named.


As a Bearded Dragons owner, It's important to know both how they see and how well they can see.
There isn't much information about the eyesight of Bearded Dragons in books or on the internet and the information out there is often scattered and difficult to grasp.
I've decided to write this post to bring all the information together so you can finally understand how Bearded Dragons see!
So how do Bearded Dragons see? Bearded Dragons primarily see from the two eyes that are positioned at the sides of their head. This positioning gives them a better range of vision than humans. Bearded Dragons also have a third eye that's located at the top of their head in the form of a grey spot that only senses changes to light such as shadows.
Read on to find out more about how Bearded Dragons see, how the third eye works, how well they can see in the dark, if a good diet helps your Bearded Dragon to see better and more!
How Do Bearded Dragons See? (A Closer Look)
Bearded Dragons have two eyes located at either side of the skull. The placement of the eyes gives the Bearded Dragon a wider range of vision than us humans.
When the eyes are placed at the front of the skull as it is with humans, the vision is focused straight forward and we have peripheral vision to around the shoulder area at best before we need to move our neck or body change the view.
Because a Bearded Dragons eyes are located at the sides of the skull, this gives them the ability to almost look forwards and over their shoulder at the same time.
Bearded Dragons also have a third eye that is barely visible and comes in the form of a grey spot at the top of the skull (between the eyes).
Not many owners are even aware that their Dragon has a third eye or how it is vital for the survival of a Bearded Dragon.
Let's now take a look at the 'third eye' and how it works.
The Third Eye
The third eye is called the 'parietal eye' and it's so disguised that not many owners even know it's there.
This eye has a lens and a retina but no iris and has a thinner transparent layer of skin that covers it. They don't see colours and images out this eye as they would there other two eyes but it is still very useful.
The parietal eye or third eye only sees shadows and changes to the light from above.
This then gives important information about changes in their surroundings.
If you close your eyes and then slowly move your hand right up to your eye, you will notice that even with your eyes closed that everything gets darker.
This is essentially what the third eye of a Bearded Dragon does but much more efficiently.
Although you should always be gentle and considerate when handling your Bearded Dragon, you are fine to pet the top of their head as the third eye is covered by the layer of skin/scale we talked about so it's well protected.
How important Is It For a Bearded Dragon to See?
A Bearded Dragons slight is vital to them and in the wild, they would struggle to survive without excellent vision from all three of their eyes.
Let's take a look at the reason why Bearded Dragons need to see well.
Catching Prey
In the wild, Bearded Dragons need both good vision and a wide range of vision to spot insects that are scurrying around.
The placement of their eyes makes it easy to see potential prey from a multitude of angles without having to turn around.
This is also important in captivity, if you place live feeders in your Dragons tank then the wide range of vision allows them to catch the insects much easier as most of them will try and hide under rocks, plants and even substrate.
Evading Predators
In captivity, this might not seem as important but in the wild, the ability to evade predators is essential.
Without adequate tools to combat predators then any animal won't last long.
Bearded Dragons can again use their wide range of vision to almost see what is in front of them and behind them at the same time without having to move their neck.
They also have a secret weapon up their sleeve with their 'third eye'. They actually use this eye to sense when predators are over the top of them by sensing subtle changes to the amount of light above as predators will create shadows as they block out the light from the sun.
This is especially useful if they are basking for example when a bird is flying overhead. The third eye would quickly sense that there is something above them and then they can take the appropriate action.
Finding Their Way Home
There was a study done by 2 scientists, Barbara A. Ellis-Quinn and Carol A. Simony. The study wasn't with Bearded Dragons directly but was using lizards with parietal eyes or 'third eyes'.
They found that the lizards actually use their third eye as a form of navigation.
Bearded Dragons and other lizards are very territorial and like to occupy a certain area. If they leave that terratory they can usually find their way back with no problems.
In the experiment, the scientists wanted to know if lizards with a parietal eye was used to guide the lizards home or if they were using other senses to do this.
This is the overview of the test…
1. They caught a number of lizards and released them over 200 metres from home. The lizards found their way back to their territory with no problems as predicted.
2. The scientists then split the lizards into groups where they covered the parietal eye of the first group and left the parietal eye uncovered in the second.
3. The group that didn't have their parietal eye covered found their way back home with no problems while the group that had the eye covered were disorientated and couldn't find their way home for over 2 days.
The Result – The result is that lizards with a parietal eye including Bearded Dragons use it for navigation and orientation.
The Time Of Day
Bearded Dragons can also use their parietal eye to judge the time of day and more importantly when it's going to get dark.
As the sun begins to set and the sky becomes darker, the parietal eye or 'third eye' will pick up on the subtle changes in light and realise that nighttime is setting in.
This is very important for Bearded Dragons to understand the day-night cycle of the sun as they aren't nocturnal.
It's also important for you to give them regular bedtimes in captivity where you turn the lights off at the same time every night.
This is the main reason why you should never keep any of the lights on in your Bearded Dragons tank at night because your Dragons third eye will notice the light and get confused thinking it's midday.
Can Bearded Dragons See In Colour?
The spectrum of colour that a Bearded Dragon can see is highly increased compared to that of a human.
The reason for this is that humans use 3 cones that are found at the back of the eye that are responsible for detecting light.
Bearded Dragons and some other lizards, however, use 4 cones so they can see far more colour than us humans.
When doing my research I found it hard to find any concrete evidence as to how many more colours this extra cone allows them to see but after gathering all the reports from scientists, it's somewhere in the millions.
Something that I found interesting is that the use of this extra cone allows Bearded Dragons to see UV light.
Can Bearded Dragons See In The Dark?
Bearded Dragons don't actually see in the dark very well. This is because they are 'diurnal' which means they are active throughout the day and sleep at night as opposed to 'nocturnal' which means they sleep through the day and are active through the night.
Any animal that is nocturnal will be able to see better in the dark and while it's not really needed for Bearded Dragons as they will be sleeping.
The third eye can still work in the dark, however, the changes in light will be very subtle and it will be much more effective during the day.
Bearded Dragons actually need a certain amount of sleep each day to keep them healthy. Here's a guide that details exactly how much sleep you need to give your Bearded Dragons each day.
How Far Can Bearded Dragons See?
It's hard to give an actual statistic on just how far a Bearded Dragon can see.
All I can say is that for my experience and research they can see very well and as far as they need to in order to hunt insects and keep safe from predators.
Some owners report their Bearded Dragon spotting aeroplanes in the sky and watching them intently until they are completely out of sight.
I'm more than sure that Bearded Dragons can see from one end of a living room to the other with no problems at all and if you placed a worm or other insect on the floor at one end of the room you Dragon would easily see it, recognise what it was and chase after it from the other end of the room.
Having said this, Bearded Dragons are known to have pretty poor preception when it comes to judging objects and distances.
For example, when climbing they can often misjudge distances and as a consequence miss the branch they are trying to move towards.
If you want to know more about how Bearded Dragons climb, what objects they can climb in your home and why you need to always watch for them climbing outdoors then take a look at this guide to Bearded Dragon climbing.
How Can You Help Your Bearded Dragons See Better?
As an owner, you also need to play your part in helping your Bearded Dragon keep their eyes healthy and in good condition.
Here's what you can do as


text:
Ever wonder what it would be like to get shot in the head, or have your face smash into a car's windshield? Well, you can stop wondering, because you'll never know — even if it does happen to you.
There are at least two major reasons why, if you die in a sudden and violent fashion, you'll literally never know what hit you. First, our brains process information too slowly. Second, there's the issue of the integrity of the cognitive functions that are responsible for conscious experience. Let's take those one by one.
Living in the past
You might think you're observing the present moment, but science tells us otherwise. To get a better sense of why this happens, we contacted neuroscientist David Eagleman, author of The Secret Lives of the Brain.
Eagleman says that it takes time for signals to move through the brain's grey matter that's situated around the cortex. These signals travel at a rate of one meter per second — a speed that Eagleman says is "insanely slow," when compared to electricity. "It takes a while for the brain to know what's happening," he says, "so we're always living in the past." In fact, Eagleman points out that our autonomous motor systems actually react faster to external stimuli than conscious awareness.
To get an appreciation of the slowness of human perception, Eagleman says it's helpful to compare it to the speed of mechanical devices. Take the anatomy of a car accident for example. It takes as long as 150 to 300 milliseconds (ms) to be aware of a collision after it happens. Other neuroscientists think it can take as much as 500 ms.
Now this might not sound like a lot of time, but think of what happens during a car accident. At the 1 ms mark, the car's pressure sensor detects a collision, and at 8.5 ms the airbag system fires. At the 15 ms mark, the car starts to absorb the impact to a significant degree. It's not until the 17 ms mark that the occupant starts to make contact with the airbag, with the maximum force of the collision reaching its apex at the 30 ms point. At the 50 ms mark, the safety cell begins to rebound, and after 70 ms the passenger moves back towards the middle of car — the point at which crash-test engineers declare the event as "complete."
And then, around the 150 to 300 ms mark, the occupant finally becomes aware of the collision.
That's assuming of course that an airbag was deployed or that the occupant was wearing a seatbelt. Otherwise, the person wouldn't have known that they were even in a car accident.
Which, if the accident was fatal, is not necessarily a bad thing.
No brain, no mind
If the parts of your brain that give rise to consciousness are severely impaired, then all awareness comes to a grinding halt. These all-important areas include the frontal cortex (attention and short-term memory), thalamus (regulation of consciousness and alertness), temporal gyrus (perception and comprehension), and the hippocampus (memory and spatial awareness). According to Eagleman, damage to the cortex and thalamus will often induce a comatose state.
But not all brain trauma is catastrophic in this way. Eagleman notes that conscious awareness can remain intact when the cerebellum (the "mini brain") is damaged. Moreover, it's not yet known how consciousness gets built from pieces of these parts.
"The whole system does seem to be involved in conscious awareness," says Eagleman, "but as more parts of the brain gets damaged, consciousness gets degraded." Consciousness is a fragile thing that appears to be dependent on consistent electrical signals traveling around the brain. Subsequently, hard blows to the head will cause the system to "reboot". When experiencing a massive head trauma, like a head hitting a dashboard, the brain is smashed around the inside of the skull, often causing fatal results - results that could never really be perceived.
Bullets in the brain
Interestingly, bullets can cause different problems than blunt brain trauma. As Rachel Swaby noted in her article, "What Happens When You Get Shot in the Head," a victim may have no chance of responding to what's happening. A bullet travels through the brain faster than the speed at which tissues tear. They push tissues out of the way, stretching them beyond their breaking points — and that's when the problems start:
The ability to process information and solve problems? All gone when the bullet shoves its way through your prefrontal cortex. Your ability to index memories? Gone with your hippocampus. In the bullet's wake, a long temporary cavity is left. When the tearing finally does happen, your tissues will snap back toward the initial opening and overshoot their original position. You know that back and forth thing that happens when you kick one of those springy door stops? Well that's what your tissues do when the shock waves kick them.
Now that said, it's well documented that some people can survive being shot in the head. In fact, one-third of patients with a gunshot wound to the head survive, though 50% of them don't survive longer than 30 days. And those that do survive tend to have to deal with severe cognitive impairments. In most of these cases, the bullet did not cross through the midline, which is almost always fatal.
Eagleman says that many people survive shots to the head because bullets are relatively small and travel at high velocity. When shot just right, a bullet can quickly enter and exit the skull without inflicting too much damage.
Perhaps the best example of someone surviving a gunshot wound is the remarkable story of former Arizona Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords. In her case, the bullet entered at the back of her skull and exited through the front, travelling through the left side of her brain. For Giffords, the areas affected included her speech centers and other non-life threatening functions. Moreover, surgeons did not have to remove much dead brain tissue and they were able to subdue swelling. They also didn't have to deal with any dangerous infections.
Giffords is clearly very lucky to be alive.
But as for those brain injuries that can quickly turn the insides of your skull into mush, I wouldn't worry too much about it. You'll be going from zero to oblivion faster than you can finish reading this sentence.
Image via Shutterstock.com / Frank Wasserfuehrer.


Your rib cage consists of 24 ribs — 12 on the right and 12 on the left side of your body. Their function is to protect the organs that lie beneath them. On the left side, this includes your heart, left lung, pancreas, spleen, stomach, and left kidney. When any of these organs are infected, inflamed, or injured, pain can radiate under and around the left rib cage. While your heart is under your left rib cage, feeling pain in that area usually doesn't indicate a heart attack.
Depending on the cause, it might feel sharp and stabbing, or dull and aching. In most cases, left rib cage pain is due to a benign, treatable condition.
Possible causes
Costochondritis refers to inflammation of the cartilage that attaches your ribs to your breastbone. This can happen for several reasons, such as:
an infection
physical injury
It causes a sharp, stabbing pain that's usually felt on the left side of your rib cage. It gets worse when you cough, sneeze, or press on your ribs.
The pancreas is a gland located near your small intestine in the upper left part of your body. It secretes enzymes and digestive juices into the small intestine to help break down food. Pancreatitis refers to inflammation of your pancreas. This can be due to:
an injury
alcohol abuse
Pain caused by pancreatitis usually comes on slowly and intensifies after eating. It may come and go or be constant. Additional symptoms of pancreatitis include:
weight loss
Ruptured spleen and splenic infarct
Your spleen also sits in the upper portion of the left side of your body, near your rib cage. It helps to remove old or damaged blood cells and produce white ones that fight infection.
An enlarged spleen, also called splenomegaly, usually doesn't cause any symptoms other than fullness after eating only a small amount of food. However, if your spleen ruptures, you'll likely experience pain near your left rib cage. An enlarged spleen is more likely to rupture than a normal-sized spleen.
Several things can cause an enlarged spleen, including:
viral infections, such as mononucleosis
bacterial infections, such as syphilis
parasitic infections, such as malaria
blood diseases
liver diseases
If your spleen ruptures, the area might also feel tender when you touch it. You'll also likely experience:
low blood pressure
blurry vision
A spleen rupture most commonly occurs as a result of trauma. It's a medical emergency and you should seek medical attention immediately.
You can also experience pain under the left side of your rib cage with a splenic infarction. Splenic infarcts are rare conditions where a portion of the spleen necrotizes or "dies." This happens when the blood supply is compromised, usually as a result of trauma or arterial blockages.
Gastritis refers to inflammation of the lining of your stomach, which is also near the left side of your rib cage. Other symptoms of gastritis include a burning pain in your stomach and an uncomfortable sense of fullness in your upper abdomen.
Gastritis can be caused by:
bacterial or viral infections
frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
alcohol abuse
Kidney stones or infection
Your kidneys are part of your urinary tract. They're located on either side of your spine, but when they become inflamed or infected, the pain can radiate to the front. When your left kidney is involved, you might feel pain near the left side of your rib cage.
Kidney stones are hardened calcium and salt deposits that form into stones. They can cause a cramping pain as they move out of your kidneys and make their way toward your bladder. In addition to pain in your left rib cage, kidney stones can also cause:
an urge to urinate, with little coming out
bloody or cloudy urine
pain in your side that radiates to the front of your body
Kidney infections occur when bacteria from your urinary tract make their way into your kidneys. Anything that obstructs your flow of urine, including kidney stones, can cause a kidney infection. Additional symptoms of a kidney infection include:
Your heart is surrounded by a fluid-filled sac called the pericardium. Pericarditis refers to inflammation of this sac. When it's inflamed, it can rub against your heart causing pain near your left ribs. The pain may be a dull ache or a stabbing pain that's usually worse when lying down.
Researchers aren't sure why it happens, but possible causes include:
certain blood thinners
anti-seizure medications
Pleurisy is a condition in which the tissue that covers the lungs becomes inflamed. This can occur as a result of bacterial, viral, or fungal pneumonia, malignancy, trauma, or pulmonary infarction usually related to a blood clot in the lung.
Pleurisy on the left side may cause pain under the left rib cage, but the main symptom is a sharp, stabbing pain when you breathe. See a doctor if you experience any intense chest pain during breathing.
How is it diagnosed?
To figure out what's causing pain in your left rib cage, your doctor will give you a physical exam that includes feeling the affected area. This will help them check for any signs of swelling or inflammation, especially due to costochondritis.
If they suspect the pain could be due to a heart problem, your doctor might use an electrocardiogram to measure the electrical activity in your heart. This will help to rule out any serious underlying condition.
Next, they may take blood and urine samples for testing. Analyzing these results can alert your doctor to signs of kidney problems, pancreatitis, or gastritis. If you doctor suspects you might have gastritis, they may also take a stool sample or use an endoscope to look at your stomach lining. An endoscope is a long, flexible tube with a camera on the end that's inserted through your mouth.
If the cause of your rib cage pain still isn't clear, you may need an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI. This will give your doctor a better view of your organs and any areas of inflammation that didn't show up during the physical exam.
How is it treated?
Treating your left rib cage pain depends on what's causing it. If it's related to any type of inflammation, your doctor will likely recommend you take NSAIDs to reduce pain and swelling.
In some cases, you may need an antibiotic to clear up a bacterial infection. In rare cases, you may need surgery. For example, if a kidney stone is too large to pass through your body on its own, your doctor may need to surgically remove it.
Warning signs
While pain in your left rib cage is usually nothing serious, it can sometimes signal a medical emergency.
Seek emergency treatment if you have any of the following in addition to pain in your left rib cage:
trouble breathing
mental confusion
excessive sweating
lightheadedness or dizziness
The bottom line
Given the number of organs in the upper left part of your body, it's not uncommon to feel pain under the left rib cage. It may be caused be an easily treatable condition.
However, if you have pain in this area that's severe, worsens over time, lasts more than 24 hours, or is associated with any of the serious symptoms above, you should seek medical treatment immediately to rule out any underlying conditions.


Modern History
Wikibooks Modern History
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The engines of change
19th century
20th century
21st Century
Major People
The major people in this time frame are:
 1. Queen Victoria
 2. Benjamin Disraeli
 3. Mahatma Gandhi
 4. Benito Mussolini
 5. Mao Zedong
 6. Adolf Hitler
 7. Jawahar Lal Nehru
 8. Deng Xiaoping
 9. George W. Bush
 10. The Human Race
 1. Kernigh
 2. Dr. C.J. (international relations articles-Cold War, First World War, American Civil War, Cuban Missle Crisis)
 3. Other and anonymous contributors


text:
I was thinking about the 90° angle between the x, y, and z-axis.
It is all so perfect. So I said you need two independent real
numbers (cooridinates) to describe a point in a plane. Then I
thought about putting the x and y axis at a 10° angle instead of
90°, and noticed you could still get to all the points on the plane.
Next I attempted to find a way to describe all the points on a plane
with only 1 number. Is it possible? So at first I played around with
the idea of a spiral that was so close together at each pass around that
it would take infinite times to make up some area, but this idea soon
I decided was dumb and incomprehensible. Then I came up with a
plausible idea, if you don't mind a jumbled mess in place of two nice
x and y axis. So this is only a first try at this and I hope to come up
with refined examples that use negative numbers as well as decimals
later, but for now I am only using whole numbers. I started at (-1,1)
and called this 1. Then (0,1) would be 2. Here is a chart.
(x,y) 1-D number
At this point we expand the grid larger by factor of ten and make the intervals
smaller by a factor of ten. So we continue. Some duplicate points will exist
as we go over the previous ones.
This continues to the right until we hit 10,10 and
then the rows continue down to form a square grid.
Then we will be at approximately the number 201 * 201 + 9.
Next we again expand the grid ten times larger and ten times more intricate.
etc. etc. You get the picture.
Does anybody think it is interesting??
Do you think by going to infinity, you will pass through both a large surface area
and work toward getting more intricate as well?
Obviously it is a jumbled mess, but if you ignore the mess, it is pretty cool,
hence in the "This is Cool" category.


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Scroll to explore Drones and Honeycombs
The Netherlands is famous for its professional design practice, both smalland large-scale. It is also known for its humanitarian missions and investments in development projects around the world. There used to be a clear distinction between war zones and the peaceful civilian world. That distinction seems to have dissolved: war has become part of the public space. Through this project, Het Nieuwe Instituut seeks to link subjects such as innovation and conflict to contemporary issues in design. The work focuses on the extent to which the military apparatus affects society and how it engages with architecture and urban planning.
The project is divided into three sub-research themes:
1. Drones: machines, surveillance and emerging security regimes
2. Compounds: architecture of enclosure
Background tot the project Drones and Honeycombs
Drones and Honeycombs is based on a research project by Malkit Shoshan, fellow of Het Nieuwe Instituut.