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Have you ever done something on your computer without really thinking about it, but the person next to you has a surprised and confused look on their face? If so, then you might have performed a Stupid Geek Trick. Today we'll show how to open an Explorer window from the current command prompt directory.
Let's begin… just open up a command prompt and then type in the following (the. passes the current directory to Explorer)
You'll immediately see an Explorer window show up with the contents of the directory your command prompt is in.
If you want to type less characters, you can use the following instead:
You can even use the full path to a folder…
Or one of the built-in shell variables…
Or the newer shell: operator style:
And you'll see that directory instantly show up:
And finally, don't forget that you can also use most of these techniques from the File Open/Save Dialog.
Programmer by day, geek by night, The Geek, also known as Lowell Heddings, spends all his free time bringing you fresh geekery on a daily basis. You can follow him on Google+ if you'd like.
- Published 06/24/08


Truvia sweetener is toxic to fruit flies, study finds
Erythritol, the main component of the sweetener Truvia, has a new, unexpected application -- it may be used as an insecticide. And a sixth grader can take part of the credit for this unusual discovery.
Fruit flies who consumed Truvia had a average lifespan of just 5.8 days, while flies who didn't eat it lived between 38.6 and 50.6 days. The study is published in the journal PLOS ONE.
"The more you get them [fruit flies] to consume erythritol, the faster they die," Sean O'Donnell, a professor of biology at Drexel University in Philadelphia, told CBS News.
A large body of research has proven the sweetener is safe for humans. Scientists say further study is needed to see if it could be a used as an effective form of pest control.
Interestingly, the idea for the study came from the young son of one of the researchers. Simon D. Kaschock-Marenda, currently a ninth grader, came up with the concept three years ago.
"I would have never studied it first without the initial inquisitiveness of a sixth grader," Simon's father, study co-author Daniel R. Marenda, an associate professor of biology at Drexel, told CBS News.
When Marenda and his wife decided to cut sugar from their diets and switch to artificial sweeteners, it gave Simon an idea for his science fair project.
"He wanted to test how healthy they [sweeteners] were," Marenda said. Simon decided to test them on fruit flies.
It was then that Daniel Marenda and his colleagues realized that the boy was onto something. So they conducted their own study and discovered the same result: the fruit flies fed with Truvia died much sooner than the fruit flies fed with other sweeteners, including Equal, PureVia and Sweet'N Low.
Further experiments showed that it was in fact a specific compound, erythritol, that was responsible for Truvia's toxic effect on the flies.
And now the researchers are trying to develop it into a pesticide that people will be able to use on fruit flies, and possibly other insects.
"We are hoping to develop it into a human-safe insecticide," O'Donnell said.
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.. _videoInputPSNRMSSIM: Video Input with OpenCV and similarity measurement ************************************************** Goal ==== Today it is common to have a digital video recording system at your disposal. Therefore, you will eventually come to the situation that you no longer process a batch of images, but video streams. These may be of two kinds: real-time image feed (in the case of a webcam) or prerecorded and hard disk drive stored files. Luckily OpenCV threats these two in the same manner, with the same C++ class. So here's what you'll learn in this tutorial:.. container:: enumeratevisibleitemswithsquare + How to open and read video streams + Two ways for checking image similarity: PSNR and SSIM The source code =============== As a test case where to show off these using OpenCV I've created a small program that reads in two video files and performs a similarity check between them. This is something you could use to check just how well a new video compressing algorithms works. Let there be a reference (original) video like :download:'this small Megamind clip <../../../../samples/cpp/tutorial_code/HighGUI/video-input-psnr-ssim/video/Megamind.avi>' and :download:'a compressed version of it <../../../../samples/cpp/tutorial_code/HighGUI/video-input-psnr-ssim/video/Megamind_bugy.avi>'. You may also find the source code and these video file in the :file:'samples/cpp/tutorial_code/HighGUI/video-input-psnr-ssim/' folder of the OpenCV source library... literalinclude::../../../../samples/cpp/tutorial_code/HighGUI/video-input-psnr-ssim/video-input-psnr-ssim.cpp :language: cpp :linenos: :tab-width: 4 :lines: 1-14, 28-29, 31-205 How to read a video stream (online-camera or offline-file)? =========================================================== Essentially, all the functionalities required for video manipulation is integrated in the :hgvideo:'VideoCapture ' C++ class. This on itself builds on the FFmpeg open source library. This is a basic dependency of OpenCV so you shouldn't need to worry about this. A video is composed of a succession of images, we refer to these in the literature as frames. In case of a video file there is a *frame rate* specifying just how long is between two frames. While for the video cameras usually there is a limit of just how many frames they can digitalize per second, this property is less important as at any time the camera sees the current snapshot of the world. The first task you need to do is to assign to a :hgvideo:'VideoCapture ' class its source. You can do this either via the :hgvideo:'constructor ' or its :hgvideo:'open ' function. If this argument is an integer then you will bind the class to a camera, a device. The number passed here is the ID of the device, assigned by the operating system. If you have a single camera attached to your system its ID will probably be zero and further ones increasing from there. If the parameter passed to these is a string it will refer to a video file, and the string points to the location and name of the file. For example, to the upper source code a valid command line is:.. code-block:: bash video/Megamind.avi video/Megamind_bug.avi 35 10 We do a similarity check. This requires a reference and a test case video file. The first two arguments refer to this. Here we use a relative address. This means that the application will look into its current working directory and open the video folder and try to find inside this the *Megamind.avi* and the *Megamind_bug.avi*... code-block:: cpp const string sourceReference = argv[1],sourceCompareWith = argv[2]; VideoCapture captRefrnc(sourceReference); // or VideoCapture captUndTst; captUndTst.open(sourceCompareWith); To check if the binding of the class to a video source was successful or not use the :hgvideo:'isOpened ' function:.. code-block:: cpp if (!captRefrnc.isOpened()) { cout << "Could not open reference " << sourceReference << endl; return -1; } Closing the video is automatic when the objects destructor is called. However, if you want to close it before this you need to call its :hgvideo:'release ' function. The frames of the video are just simple images. Therefore, we just need to extract them from the :hgvideo:'VideoCapture ' object and put them inside a *Mat* one. The video streams are sequential. You may get the frames one after another by the :hgvideo:'read ' or the overloaded >> operator:.. code-block:: cpp Mat frameReference, frameUnderTest; captRefrnc >> frameReference; captUndTst.open(frameUnderTest); The upper read operations will leave empty the *Mat* objects if no frame could be acquired (either cause the video stream was closed or you got to the end of the video file). We can check this with a simple if:.. code-block:: cpp if( frameReference.empty() || frameUnderTest.empty()) { // exit the program } A read method is made of a frame grab and a decoding applied on that. You may call explicitly these two by using the :hgvideo:'grab ' and then the :hgvideo:'retrieve ' functions. Videos have many-many information attached to them besides the content of the frames. These are usually numbers, however in some case it may be short character sequences (4 bytes or less). Due to this to acquire these information there is a general function named :hgvideo:'get ' that returns double values containing these properties. Use bitwise operations to decode the characters from a double type and conversions where valid values are only integers. Its single argument is the ID of the queried property. For example, here we get the size of the frames in the reference and test case video file; plus the number of frames inside the reference... code-block:: cpp Size refS = Size((int) captRefrnc.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH), (int) captRefrnc.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)), cout << "Reference frame resolution: Width=" << refS.width << " Height=" << refS.height << " of nr#: " << captRefrnc.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT) << endl; When you are working with videos you may often want to control these values yourself. To do this there is a :hgvideo:'set ' function. Its first argument remains the name of the property you want to change and there is a second of double type containing the value to be set. It will return true if it succeeds and false otherwise. Good examples for this is seeking in a video file to a given time or frame:.. code-block:: cpp captRefrnc.set(CV_CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC, 1.2); // go to the 1.2 second in the video captRefrnc.set(CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, 10); // go to the 10th frame of the video // now a read operation would read the frame at the set position For properties you can read and change look into the documentation of the :hgvideo:'get ' and :hgvideo:'set ' functions. Image similarity - PSNR and SSIM ================================ We want to check just how imperceptible our video converting operation went, therefore we need a system to check frame by frame the similarity or differences. The most common algorithm used for this is the PSNR (aka **Peak signal-to-noise ratio**). The simplest definition of this starts out from the *mean squad error*. Let there be two images: I1 and I2; with a two dimensional size i and j, composed of c number of channels... math:: MSE = \frac{1}{c*i*j} \sum{(I_1-I_2)^2} Then the PSNR is expressed as:.. math:: PSNR = 10 \cdot \log_{10} \left( \frac{MAX_I^2}{MSE} \right) Here the :math:'MAX_I' is the maximum valid value for a pixel. In case of the simple single byte image per pixel per channel this is 255. When two images are the same the MSE will give zero, resulting in an invalid divide by zero operation in the PSNR formula. In this case the PSNR is undefined and as we'll need to handle this case separately. The transition to a logarithmic scale is made because the pixel values have a very wide dynamic range. All this translated to OpenCV and a C++ function looks like:.. code-block:: cpp double getPSNR(const Mat& I1, const Mat& I2) { Mat s1; absdiff(I1, I2, s1); // |I1 - I2| s1.convertTo(s1, CV_32F); // cannot make a square on 8 bits s1 = s1.mul(s1); // |I1 - I2|^2 Scalar s = sum(s1); // sum elements per channel double sse = s.val[0] + s.val[1] + s.val[2]; // sum channels if( sse <= 1e-10) // for small values return zero return 0; else { double mse =sse /(double)(I1.channels() * I1.total()); double psnr = 10.0*log10((255*255)/mse); return psnr; } } Typically result values are anywhere between 30 and 50 for video compression, where


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.
From the above examples it might seem almost impossible to identify, in all generality, the r.h.s. of (3.3) with a gravity amplitude from a purely field theoretical/analytical point of view. Even the simplest features of gravity amplitudes have become very nontrivial statements about the gauge theory side. Before we can attack this problem we therefore need to review some important concepts and properties. These will not only lead to a better understanding of KLT relations in field theory, but are by themselves amazing structures of scattering amplitudes. The first thing we will introduce is a rather unusual way of expressing the KLT relations. This form will have a higher degree of manifest crossing symmetry, compared to (3.3), but it requires a regularization. It has been proven separately by pure field theory, and will turn out to be important even in the proof of (3.3). Secondly, we introduce the BCJ relations, providing identities between color-ordered tree-level amplitudes, and explain its connection to the -independence of (3.3). Third, we look at what happens with the r.h.s. of (3.3) when and belong to different helicity sectors. Fourth, we review the BCFW recursion relation, exploiting very general analytic properties of tree-level amplitudes to recursively construct higher-point amplitudes from lower-point ones. All of these structures will be important for Section 4, where we will utilize them in order to give a purely field theoretical proof of (3.3).
3.2. Regularized KLT Relations
Considering -point amplitudes we start by making the following deformation of momenta and : where is just some arbitrary parameter, and is a four-vector satisfying and. This preserves conservation of momentum and keeps, but makes.
The gravity amplitude can then be written as We note that as the denominator goes to zero, but as we will see from (3.16) below, so does the numerator. However, the whole expression has a limit which is exactly equal to a gravity amplitude. This can also be seen by taking the soft limit of leg in (3.4), and comparing against the well-known soft-limit behaviour of gravity amplitudes [12, 48] (see for an alternative approach). This might make (3.11) seem less strange, but we do stress that this expression for a gravity amplitude can be proven without knowledge of (3.4) (or in general (3.3)).
If we make a deformation with being off-shell instead of, we can write down the "dual'' expression to (3.11) where we have called the deformation parameter.
3.3. BCJ Relations
The story of relations among color-ordered tree-level amplitudes is in itself very interesting. However, to not lose focus of our current goal we will here only remind the reader about the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) relations, which will play an important role for us.
There are several different ways of presenting the BCJ relations, which all have their own advantages and disadvantages. Here we choose one of the simplest general representations. For -point amplitudes these read along with all relations obtained by permutation of labels in the above expression. Note how leg 2 moves one position to the right in each term and picks up an additional factor of, where is the leg just passed through. This particular form of the BCJ relations actually contains all the information, in the sense that once you have these you can go from the color-ordered amplitudes, provided by the Kleiss-Kuijf relations, down to independent amplitudes.
Some simple explicit examples of (3.13) are for four points, and at five points. We could of course use momentum conservation to write some of the kinematic invariant factors simpler, but keeping them like this make the relations easy to remember.
It turns out, that there is a very nice way of rephrasing the above BCJ relations in terms of our function. This is achieved through where is just some arbitrary permutation of the legs. This is nothing but a sum of relations in the form of (3.13). To see this, let us first write out the five-point case with explicitly, that is, The two is exactly zero due to (3.13).
The general argument is to divide the sum of into a sum of groups where all, except the first leg in the ordering, call it, have fixed ordering, and then insert at any place. For each group all factors from will be the same except for the factor contributing from. This will give a BCJ relation and thereby vanish. In the above five-point example we had and the two groups we summed over were the one with ordering and, respectively. From this we see that (3.16) is a consequence of (3.13).
3.3.1. The -Independence
With the BCJ relations we can now address the -independence of (3.3) from a field theory point of view, which in string theory followed naturally due to the freedom in how one closes the contours. Indeed, it is useful to first establish the equivalence between all forms only differing in the -value chosen. In this way, if we can prove (3.3) for just one specific form, we have proven them all.
The form of BCJ relation that implies the -independence is given by Although, (3.18) looks rather complicated it is straightforward to prove using only BCJ relations in the form of (3.13), and momentum conservation. Since the proof is not very enlightening we will not repeat it here, but simply refer to the appendix of for details. Instead we will illustrate how to use (3.18) in the simple case of five points.
For and (3.18) reads (where we have taken ) and since (3.3) for and is given by using (3.19) we immediately get which is just (3.3) with. Likewise we could now use (3.18) with to rewrite (3.21) into (3.3) with.
It is interesting to note that the BCJ relations could have been discovered much earlier. Indeed, equating different expressions for the KLT relations leads to pure gauge theory amplitude relations, which, as we have just seen, are directly related to the BCJ relations. This was already apparent in but at that time not really appreciated. We also see that writing both the KLT and BCJ relations in terms of the function, their close connection becomes much more manifest than one would have anticipated from the original papers.
3.4. Vanishing Identities
To be more specific let us denote an -point color-ordered tree amplitude with helicity configuration belonging to as, that is, has negative helicity gluons, with for nonvanishing amplitudes. We are not interested in the exact helicity configuration, just which helicity sector it belongs to. We then have [43, 44] which is nothing but the r.h.s. of (3.3), written in our short-hand notation, with the color-ordered amplitudes living in different helicity sectors.
At four points these relations are trivial, in the sense that we always get at least one amplitude that vanishes all by itself; however, already at five points nontrivial cancellations start to occur. For instance, in the form with, we have
We also note that just as the KLT relations could be written in the form of (3.11) and (3.12) with a regularization, so can these vanishing relations. Equation (3.22) can be directly proven from the analytic properties of tree-level scattering amplitudes, but there is also a more physical understanding of these identities. Looking at the KLT relations from an supergravity point of view, the vanishing of the r.h.s. of (3.3), when and belong to different helicity sectors, correspond to -violating gravity amplitudes and must therefore vanish [17, 45, 46] (see also [22, 50]).
3.5. BCFW Recursion Relation
Contrary to the properties and relations reviewed above, this section is not directly related to the KLT relations, but will be essential for Section 4. Not only will the BCFW expansion of amplitudes in itself be important, but also the method from which it can be derived.
Start by deforming two of the external momenta, say and, as where is a complex variable and is a four-vector satisfying. This preserves conservation of momentum and on-shellness. At tree-level is a rational function of external momenta, implying that the deformed amplitude is a rational function of. Assuming when, Cauchy's theorem tells us that where is the undeformed amplitude, coming from the residue of the pole. The remaining poles (those different from ) come from, which we know can only follow from Feynman propagators going on-shell, that is, when vanishes, where with and (or vice versa). We do not get poles in if since such a is independent of.
Let us denote the value of where is going on-shell by, which can be found by solving. Since the poles of will be simple poles, the residues are given by where. Using the general factorization property of gluon amplitudes we see that with. Hence, combined with (3.25), we get the BCFW recursion relation [26, 27] where the sum, denoted with, states that we must sum over all internal momenta affected by the deformation.
This derivation was performed for color-ordered tree am

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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What does it mean to 'keep your powder dry'?
What does it mean to 'keep your powder dry'?
Image source: Getty Images.
'Keep your powder dry' is a saying that you may be familiar with. But have you ever wondered what it means or where it comes from? This colloquial expression from the 1800s once worked as an alternative to 'take care' or 'be ready'.
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Over time, the phrase has found its way into the financial world, where it now means to always be ready for opportunities.
Basic meaning
The Cambridge Dictionary says that 'keep your powder dry' means 'remain cautious and ready for a possible emergency'. This refers more to always being prepared so you can take action if necessary rather than a warning about danger. It's a suggestion to avoid missing out on a great opportunity because you didn't consider all possibilities.
Origin of the expression
English general and statesman Oliver Cromwell is credited with creating the expression. The story goes that Cromwell was talking to his army during his campaign in Ireland. He warned them about keeping their gunpowder dry as they were about to cross a river before a battle. So, as a mix of warning and inspiration, he told his soldiers to 'Trust in God and keep your powder dry'.
About two hundred years later, British Army officer William Blacker used the entire phrase in his poem Oliver's Advice and made it famous. Over the years, the second half of the sentence has become commonplace on its own. It was even used as a movie title for a 1945 American drama film starring Lana Turner.
Financial applications
The concept of dry powder has made it into the financial world in the past few decades. It is mostly used to mean 'hold cash or liquid securities' in case a big opportunity opens up. When a company has cash reserves, it becomes easier to invest in a sudden opportunity, buy stocks or participate in a now-or-never deal.
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Rewards credit cards include schemes that reward you simply for using your credit card. When you spend money on a rewards card you could earn loyalty points, in-store vouchers airmiles, and more. MyWalletHero makes it easy for you to find a card that matches your spending habits so you can get the most value from your rewards.
Investopedia refers to 'dry powder' as cash reserves kept on hand for potential acquisitions, purchase of assets or payment of obligations (like tax). Highly liquid securities are also cash-like. These include short-term investments, money market accounts and instruments that you can sell quickly for emergency funding.
While cash reserves are especially important for venture capitalists and corporate environments, they also have a role in personal finance.
Holding some of your personal net worth in cash means you will have money available for both opportunities and emergencies. A threeto six-month emergency fund is an example of this.
Examples of liquid assets
Thinking about keeping your own powder dry? There are different ways to keep money easily accessible. Keeping money in a savings account is the easiest way to have liquid assets available. While interest rates are low, you can still find a savings account that offers a decent return on your deposit.
Stocks and shares are also good examples of liquid assets. You can buy and sell in the stock market at any time and access the funds within a few days.
If you have a business, your accounts receivable (money your customers owe you) is also a liquid asset. Of course, how soon you have access to it depends on how quickly your customers pay you.
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Formatos: 25 Kg
SOOT STICKS soot combustion catalyst is a combination of efficient combustion catalysts to remove fireside deposits at a controlled rate. The severity of fireside deposits is mainly dependent on the ash and carbon residue content of the fuel and overall combustion efficiency. Controlled fireside deposit removal permits burning to take place without the hazards of soot fires which occur when oxidation is too rapid.
SOOT STICKS combustion catalyst reacts with combustible carbonaceous deposits in the soot, breaking down the combustible binders that hold the deposits together and cause its adhesion to boiler screen and superheater tubes. The loose, dry ash resulting from the action of SOOT STICKS combustion catalyst is then carried out with the stack gases or is broken up and eliminated during normal soot blowing operation. SOOT STICKS combustion catalyst helps reduce fireside corrosion by removing the binders of corrosion deposits. Generally, in order for untreated soot to ignite and burn, the temperature must reach approximately 593° C. SOOT STICKS combustion catalyst acts to reduce the ignition temperature of the carbonaceous combustibles in the cooler areas of the boiler so that they will burn off and release the incombustible ash for easy removal by the soot blowers.
SOOT STICKS combustion catalyst start to work at temperatures in the cooler parts of the boiler as low as 150°C and is suitable for all higher temperatures (e.g., 200°C to 600°C) in other areas of the boiler.
Formation of excessive fireside deposits is often the result of correctable conditions that encourage incomplete combustion. Proper fuel preparation and correctly adjusted equipment will promote optimum combustion. SOOT STICKS soot combustion catalyst helps to prevent problems when these conditions are not being met.


Cat Throwing Up
Often wandered why your cat is throwing up? A cat that is throwing up often like 2-3 times a day is not natural, and this could mean underlying problems like bowel disease.
A cat with hairball when they throw up you will see the hair ball, butter or Vaseline a small amount can help with moving the hair ball, if the cat has long fur then brushing your cat will help with lose fur and washing your cat a couple of times a year can condition the coat and get rid of the extra lose fur.
Some plants are poisonous, and pesticides can cause illness wise to have charcoal capsules at hand.
Some cats will eat quickly, especially if there are a few cats their stomach wall expands too quickly, which sends a signal to the brain to cause regurgitation in this case the mess on your floor is from regurgitation, not actual vomiting. Feed the cats separately and give little amounts. Do not overfeed give in the morning and at night When a cat regurgitates, she brings up fluid and food from her oesophagus by opening her mouth — unlike vomiting, which involves gagging and retching.
Regurgitated food is still formed and may smell fermented. Cats that eat too quickly because they are gluttonous or stressed by food-bowl competition can regurgitate right after eating. Do not assume regurgitation is always a case of eating too quickly. It could be caused by oesophageal problems, obstruction of the digestive tract, hairballs, or dehydration.
How serious is the vomiting? should home remedy be supplied depending if cat is hydrated is it eating and drinking, they lose electricity in their skin? When a cat is dehydrated the skin is elastic when you pinch the skin if it does not go back immediately and just sits. Check the gums they should be pink and moist.
Other frequently diagnosed causes of feline vomiting include the ingestion of such substances as the leaves of poisonous plants, spoiled cat food, various human medications, pieces of string or yarn, antifreeze, certain human foods chocolate or onions, for example or any number of objects that a cat might find lying around.
Diet, eating poor quality food and not getting enough proteins, bird feathers, beck, allergies to food, same foods cats like to eat over and over like seafood and poultry junkies change foods around with gastral problems treats can help between meals look at what is in treats best way if you cannot recognise the ingredients don't give it, milk can cause vomiting.
Human grade food can be beneficial and rotate around having many cat's competition can be fierce smaller amounts of food and many dishes
Food timing can cause issues if late in feeding cat can cause strong hydrofluoric acid by giving a small treat can stop the Enzyme deficiency which can cause this adding pancreatitis problem adding enzymes in the food can help.
Inflammatory bowel disease gastritis, intestinal etc, some form of cancers impaired organ disease can cause cats to throw up 2-3 times a day, therefore a healthy cat this is not normal rule out the main things, do not offer drugs to suppress the vomiting.
Fish and diary most common allergy, skin lesions can occur.
Some remedies which will help are chamomile or peppermint tea about teaspoon 2-3 times a day
 Arsenicum 1 small capsule
Curcuminoids for inflammatory bowel disease accompanied with diarrhoea suppress the ibd with Famotidine Pepcid 2.5mg every 8 hours acid control pepsi brand name ¼ of a tablet issued. Milk Thistle
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Fall is just around the corner, and the apples will soon be ripening on the tree. So it's the perfect time for an apple unit study! In this post I'm sharing 10 different apple Montessori activities that would be great for 2 to 5 year olds.
Note: For more apple activities, see my Apple Unit Study page.
Apple fine motor Montessori activity
I placed some red glass gems in a small bowl, some scissor scoops, and a silicone mold with apple shaped holes on a tray. Kids can use the scissor scoops to pick up the red glass gems and place them one-by-one into the apple shaped holes. This activity not only supports the development of fine motor skills, it also promotes an understanding of one-to-one correspondence.
Red and white bead patterning Montessori activity
On this tray I placed red and white beads into a small bowl along with a pipe cleaner. I provided a control card at the top showing an ABAB pattern my kids could make with the beads.
Comparing apple weights activity
This activity invites kids to compare the weight of two apples. I placed two apples of different sizes on a tray along with our Learning Resources balance scale set and a handful of counting bears.
Kids put an apple in each of the buckets on the balance scale, then they add bears to the side that weighs less to make the weights equal. Kids then determine how many counting bears more/less one apple weighs than another.
Apple coloring patterns
I printed this Color in the Apple Patterns page from 3Dinosaurs. I provided red, yellow, and green pencils for my kids to make their own apple patterns.
Apple-themed Montessori number activity
For this activity, I grabbed one of our wooden 3-part card trays from Montessori Services. I filled the large space on the left with green craft sand. I placed sandpaper numbers in the smallest compartment in the upper right of the tray. And I placed a handful of red glass gems in the medium compartment on the lower right.
My kids were responsible for (1) tracing the number on the sandpaper numbers card, (2) writing the number in the sand, and (3) laying the number card on the ground and placing the corresponding number of red glass gems underneath.
Put the apples on the tree counting activity with dice
For this activity I downloaded the Apple Count worksheet from A Teaching Mommy's Apple Preschool Pack. I paired it with some red glass gems and our jumbo foam dice. My kids rolled the dice, counted the number of dots on the dice, and then placed that many red glass gems on the tree until it was all filled with "apples."
Put the apples on the tree counting activity with stickers
For this activity I used another copy of the Apple Count worksheet from A Teaching Mama's Apple Preschool Pack. On the tree I wrote the numbers that XGirl was working on at the time. On a set of apple stickers I drew dots corresponding to the numbers on the tree. XGirl worked to count the dots and match them to the numbers on the tree.
Put the apples on the tree number recognition game
This is a game I invented to help my daughter learn to recognize numbers 5-10. I used our wet erase markers to draw a big tree on our back window. (Can you see some of the outline in the photo below?)
I also cut apple shapes from green foam, and wrote the numbers 5-10 on them. I put the numbered apples into a basket and invited XGirl to play. I called out a number and she had to find that number, dampen the back of the foam with a bit of water, and then stick the foam apple to the tree.
Apple letter writing Montessori tray
On this tray I placed a few sandpaper letters for the letters XGirl was working on. I also filled a smaller tray with red craft sand. I placed a small apple on the tray just for effect. XGirl traced the sandpaper letters and then wrote the letter in the red craft sand.
Apple 3-part cards
I also found these cute apple 3-part cards from ABC Teach, although you can find others at Montessori Print shop and Puzzle Heads. We used them to learn the parts of an apple. We also used them when we dissected an apple.
More apple resources
More apple posts from Gift of Curiosity:
- Apple Unit Study
- Apple Printables Pack
- Apple Do-a-Dot Printables
- Apple taste testing
- Apple rotting experiment
- Dissecting an apple
- Apple sensory bin
- Apple Montessori activities
Products mentioned in this post:


Tension and Homework
If tensions grow between parent and child when doing homework relationships can suffer. Whenever possible it is important to take a break and get help from another parent, relative, after school center or older student. A different voice can make a difference and give parent and child a chance to spend more enjoyable time together.


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Understanding on the Problem of 'Harijan' In India |
This report develops an understanding on the problem of"Harijan ' in India. Harijan include asection of in Indian society, who comefrom the lower castes, particularly the untouchable and other lower caste, andwho beside gender discrimination, also suffered from the prescribed customaryprovisions in the institution of caste and untouchability. Excluded are not 'just like' the rest of the. Theyare also disadvantaged by who they are.They suffer from social exclusion which deprives them of choices andopportunities to escape from poverty and denies them a voice to claim theirrights. There is a close inter-face between patriarchy and social exclusionwhich enforce each other. The fromdiscriminated groups suffer from triple deprivation – gender, poverty andsocial exclusion. The discussion presented selected evidence on the nature andforms of caste – based discrimination suffered by Harijan in access to sources of livelihood and socialneeds. This evidence however, is very limited and there is a need to study thenature and forms of discrimination faced by Harijan as a woman, as a Harijan woman and as poor.The Harijan woman's exclusion from the rights normally considered as accruingto every Indian citizen thus needs to be examined more closely, looking both ather conditions of livelihood and employment and the various ways in which sheis subjugated in the public and private spheres. The challenge is to capturethe interface of these three dimensions of caste, class and gender and toanalyse the consequences of social exclusion and discrimination on their rightsand citizenship. This would help to conceptualize inclusive policies to addressthe problems of Harijan moreeffectively.


Cultural Gifts Afro-Brazilians Are Responsible For Creating And Sharing With The World
Brazil has the unfortunate history of being the country in the Western Hemisphere that transported the largest number of slaves from Africa.
This also means that the cultural legacy of Afro-Brazilians has left an impact on everything from the music to the food of Brazil. The following traditions, entertainment, and customs are just some of the ways negroes or pretos (the term used in Brazil to people with noticeably African features and skin color), and pardos (multiracial Brazilians) are influencing Brazil. Essentially, Brazil is beholden to their Afro-Brazilian population for some of the most iconic Brazilian things.
1. Samba
It is hard to imagine that the national music of Brazil was under police oppression until the 1930s. Some people were even arrested for dancing or playing samba publicly in the 19th century. Now, decades later, it is one of the most celebrated cultural contributions Brazil has made to the world.
2. Capoeira
African slaves in Brazil started practicing the martial art form of capoeira. Although regions of Brazil reprimanded Africans from practicing capoeira, Africans would keep practicing the art form, saying that it was a dance. This allowed them to learn to fight against their oppressors while seemingly dancing. The acrobatic movements are performed low to the ground and done with music.
3. Pagode music
This Brazilian country folk type of music started in the 1950s with the fusion of "Coco" and "Calango de roda" rhythms and the lyrics talk about love, nature, country life, booze and animals. Many Afro-Brazilians have helped pioneer this type of music and their legacy on the art form is palpable.
4. Flavorful cuisines
Some dishes that were already in existence in Brazil, such as feijoada, were given variations by ingredients and cooking styles used by African slaves. Expensive ingredients for the feijoada had to be substituted for more affordable substitutions such as pig ears, beans and manioc flour. The acaraje dish found around Brazil that is made from black-eyed peas is also found in Nigeria and Ghana.
5. African diasporic religions
Different types of religions practiced by blacks stem from their African roots, such as Candomblé. These different religions were brought over by African slaves to Brazil and are still practiced throughout the country, mostly in urban centers.
It took centuries for Brazil to finally recognize these important contributions from Afro-Latinos and stop criminalizing and ostracizing their contributions. Now the world can eat, drink and be merry thanks to the customs of Afro-Brazilians.
READ: The Brazilian Government Is Forcing Black People To Prove Their Blackness When Applying For Government Jobs
Notice any needed corrections? Please email us at _EMAIL_
Brazil is Fining Apple $2 Million For Selling the iPhone 12 Without A Charger, And We're Not Mad About It
Things That Matter
Photo via Getty Images
It seems like every new product rollout, Apple gets stingier and stingier with what they include with each purchase. And while Brazil has recently been in the headlines for controversial news, this time, they have the public opinion on their side. Standing up for consumers, Brazil is fining Apple for alleged "false advertising".
On Friday, a consumer watchdog agency announced that Brazil is fining Apple for $2 million. The reason? Not including a charger with the iPhone 12.
According to Procon, the São Paulo-based consumer protection agency, Apple's decision not to include a charger with the iPhone 12 amounts to "false advertising". Procon also accused Apple of selling "defective products", creating unfair contracts for consumers, and failing to repair products that are still under warranty.
Per Brazilian media, Procon contacted Apple last year to ask them why they were now excluding chargers and earbuds. However, the company "never offered a convincing explanation" to the Brazilian agency.
"Apple needs to understand that in Brazil there are solid laws and institutions for consumer protection," said Procon executive Fernando Capez, explaining why Brazil is fining Apple. "It needs to respect these laws and these institutions."
In October of 2020, Apple announced that it would no longer include chargers or earbuds in their iPhone boxes. The company cited "environmental concerns".
But savvy consumers couldn't help but be skeptical of Apple's explanation. Some people thought that Apple's "environmental decision" was simply a pretense. In reality, they thought it might be a gimmick to take more money from customers under the pretense of environmentalism.
For one, we fail to see how including chargers and earbuds in an iPhone package would help the environment. Wouldn't individual boxes for each product simply contribute to more waste? We digress….
In general, consumers across the globe can't help but…agree with Procon.
Anyone who is an Apple devotee (read: prisoner) knows that you can end up feeling trapped as a customer. You become roped into an endless cycle of buying products that seem to be diminishing in quality every year. Not only that, but every year, the iPhone becomes more expensive while customers get less bang for their buck.
But at some point, you feel like you have to buy Apple products. Because of how Apple designs their products, all of the technology you own (laptops, tablets, chargers, etc.) only works with Apple products.
Starting to buy a different brand would be akin to throwing away hundreds (if not thousands) of dollars you've already invested in Apple tech. To be an Apple customer is to be stuck in a vicious cycle.
Hopefully, other governments will follow suit. After all, big tech has been taking advantage of consumers for too long.
Notice any needed corrections? Please email us at _EMAIL_
All The Truly Surprising Starbucks Menu Items From Around Latin America
All The Truly Surprising Starbucks Menu Items From Around Latin America
There are some things you can count on at any American Starbucks location, like the uniform flavor of Pike Place Roast, a sub-par bagel, or the baristas' inability to spell Jennypher correctly. Outside of the U.S., however, the chain must make some menu adjustments based on local tastes.
Although the term "unusual" is certainly relative, here's a glimpse of Starbucks' best international offerings.
Maracuya Frappuccino – Mexico
Transport yourself to the Riviera Maya with this one. The people of Mexico can taste the exotic fruity flavor of passionfruit (aka maracuya) in their frappuccinos and save themselves from an actual trip to the beach.
Ponche Navideño – Mexico
Starbucks México on Twitter: "Recárgate de buenos deseos con una bebida de temporada (pst, nosotros te invitamos la segunda 😁). Del 20 al 24 de noviembre de 3 a 5 p. m.… _URL_
Although most of us think as ponche as being just a seasonal option, several Starbucks locations in Mexico carry the traditional tasty treat all year long.
Banana Split Frappuccino – Mexico
You can take this one with or without coffee. It has all the banana and chocolate flavor of the beloved dessert and is topped with crushed waffle cones.
Envuelto Poblano – Mexico
Starbucks México | Envuelto poblano, el sabor de México en Starbucks - YouTube
Lucuma Crème Frappuccino – Peru
Too bad they don't serve it in the United States but I can understand why. This frappuccino is made with Lucuma, which is a tropical fruit from Peru, so it would be problematic to export it to different parts of the world. On the other hand, it makes the drink exclusive and adds one more reason to go to Peruvian Starbucks.
The taste of the fruit can be compared to maple flavor or butterscotch and this frappuccino itself is creamy and sweet as a Peruvian treat should be.
Barrita Nuez – Chile
Meet the famous humble cookie with a Chilean spin. You can taste the Barrita Nuez in Chile and enjoy the stuffing which consists of dulce de leche, nougat and walnuts.
Brigadeiro Frappuccino – Brazil
This frappuccino was born to honor the love of dulce de leche flavored ice creams which all Brazilians share. Dulce de leche is a traditional Latin American dessert that is prepared by slowly heating sweetened milk until it changes its color and gets a flavor similar to caramel.
Mini Donuts Nutella – Brazil
18 International Starbucks Items You'll Want To Travel For
Mini fried donuts filled with Nutella. Why are there no Nutella-filled treats at an American Starbucks?!
Pão de Queijo – Brazil
Brazil is often associated with skewers of meat, but there's certainly a lot more cuisine variation. The fluffy balls of gluten-free cheese bread known as pão de queijo is a good example. The use of sour cassava starch dates back to the 1600s, before cheese was even in the picture, but today they're available everywhere you turn in Brazil, from beachside stands to grandmothers' kitchens to the Starbucks pastry case.
Dulce de Leche Frappuccino – Argentina
This creamy Frappuccino flavored with dulce de leche is pretty much what dreams are made of.
Cafe Tinto – Colombia
Starbucks coffee couldn't be further than the working-class style of Colombian


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Patrick McGean, Doc Stump, and John Panigutti continue last Monday's discussion about the efficacy of taking organic sulfur on a regular basis.
"It blows my mind that 102 people diagnosed with N-stage cancer have refused to die after they started taking organic sulfur."
Referencing data from Patrick McGean's Live Blood and Cellular Matrix Study, our esteemed panel of experts assert that if pain and illness are caused by the lack of oxygen, then it's only logical that a diet that includes the oxygen transporter — organic sulfur — can restore health to the body.
Richard L. Stump is a retired physician who practiced medicine in Indiana. John Panigutti is the Director of the Cellular Matrix Study in New England.
Patrick McGean is the illegitimate son of Mel Brooks who has served as Director of the Live Blood and Cellular Matrix Study since 1991. Using data from his worldwide study, he has documented how sulfur deficiency that is endemic in our society is directly connected with chronic illness and disease.
Click here to order your supply of organic sulfur.
Cancer and Illness
Otto Warburg discovered the main biochemical cause of cancer, or the difference between a cancer cell from a healthy cell. This discovery awarded Otto Warburg the Nobel Prize in 1931. Cancer has only one prime cause: It is the replacement of normal oxygen respiration of the body's cells by an anaerobic (oxygen-deficient) cell respiration.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Glucosamine is an amino sugar. Oral glucosamine is marketed to support the structure and function of joints. Glucosamine is often sold in combination with other supplements such as chondroitin sulfate and methylsulfonylmethane.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Are all trades stored in block chain?
Are all trades, like mtgox exchange, gambling, etc. stored in block chain? Or, few trades could have been skipped / ignored?
Consider this case, 'a' transfers 10btc to 'b', and then 'b' transfers 10btc to 'c'. Is it possible to store this as single trade, as 'a' transfers 10btc to 'c'?
Is it possible for an exchange to include fake bid/ask orders for it's own benefit?
Is it really possible to differentiate between two transfers, where in one transfer is between single user accounts and another one is between two users?
Within an exchange's ledger system, value may be moved between accounts without creating actual transactions in the public Bitcoin ledger, the blockchain. Exchanges that use this method keep all of their reserves in one set of accounts and simply debit and credit user accounts as necessary. Only when a Bitcoin transaction is necessary to move value from one account to another outside of the system will a Bitcoin transaction be created and broadcast.
In other systems, an exchange or other entity may actually create a new Bitcoin transaction for every trade. This method is more inline with the ideals of Bitcoin, but costs more because of the transaction fees necessary to expedite/facilitate processing.
Any transaction stored in the Block Chain are money transfers between two Addresses. However, if one controls both of the Addresses in question and runs some accounting system on top of the Address balances (such as bitcoind and the use of Accounts), one does not need to create Transactions in order to move bitcoins between two accounts. They can just update their personal ledger of the different Accounts. This option creates less noise in the Block Chain and makes the money transfers instantaneous, but requires extra effort to make sure each Account can only spend only the bitcoins they own.
Many systems can and do behave like this. I'm guessing all of the exchanges do this, as well as some eWallets and probably some casinos.
Your Answer


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Permutation recursive help
Producing consecutive permutations.Need to develop a method that lists one by one all permutations of the numbers 1, 2, …, n (n is a positive integer).
(a) Recursive method. Given a verbal description of the algorithm listing all permutations one by one, you are supposed to develop a recursive method with the following header:
public static boolean nextPermutation(int array)
The method receives an integer array parameter which is a permutation of integers 1, 2, …, n. If there is "next" permutation to the permutation represented by the array, then the method returns true and the array is changed so that it represents the "next" permutation. If there is no "next" permutation, the method returns false and does not change the array.
Here is a verbal description of the recursive algorithm you need to implement:
1. The first permutation is the permutation represented by the sequence (1, 2, …, n).
2. The last permutation is the permutation represented by the sequence (n, …, 2, 1).
3. If n a,...,a 1 is an arbitrary permutation, then the "next" permutation is produced by
the following procedure:
(i) If the maximal element of the array (which is n) is not in the first position of the array, say i n = a, where i > 1, then just swap i a and i-1 a. This will give you the "next" permutation in this case.
(ii) If the maximal element of the array is in the first position, so 1 n = a, then to find
the "next" permutation to the permutation (,..., ) 1 n a a, first find the "next"
permutation to (,..., ) 2 n a a, and then add 1 a to the end of thus obtained array of (n-1) elements.
(iii) Consecutively applying this algorithm to permutations starting from (1, 2, …, n),you will eventually list all n! possible permutations. The last one will be (n, …, 2, 1).For example, below is the sequence of permutations for n = 3, listed by the described algorithm:
(0 1 2) ; (0 2 1) ; (2 0 1) ; (1 0 2) ; (1 2 0) ; (2 1 0)
Please help...i have done the iterative one..but unable to figure out the recursive..
Thank you in advance..
I have the same scenario for Producing consecutive permutations, Do you have the answer??
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Milestones of Science: Hidden treasure at downtown library
Johann Gutenberg (1398 - 1468) was a man for all seasons – blacksmith, goldsmith and printer. This is a page from the Book of Job in the so-called "42-line Bible," completed in 1455 on the Gutenberg press. Written in Latin, it is the earliest example of printing with mechanical, moveable type. The press was the first to combine various technologies besides moveable type, including the use of oil-based ink and the use of a wooden press derived from the screw presses commonly used in the agriculture of the time.(From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection)
Conrad Gesner (1516 - 1565) was a Swiss physician and naturalist who is today considered the father of modern zoology. This is the title page from his great work, "Historaie animalium," (History of the Animals), which compiled accounts of all the known animal species of his time. Each animal is represented by a colored woodcut, with detailed information written in Latin. The Roman Catholic Church, under Pope Paul IV, placed the book on its list of prohibited books, since the fact that Gessner was a Protestant was deemed to contaminate all his works, according to Catholic doctrine of the time.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543), who was born in a part of Prussia that later became Poland, is one of the founders of modern astronomy. He was the first person to formulate a comprehensive body of cosmology that did not place the Earth at the center of the solar system and the greater universe. Rather, he pointed out, our home planet and the others in the solar system revolve about the sun. Besides his work in astronomy, he was a mathematician, a lawyer, a physician, a scholar of the classics, a translator (capable in several languages), an artist, a cleric, an economist and a diplomat. Whew! Here we see an illustration from his great work, "De revolutionibus orbium coelstium," (The Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies), clearly showing the sun (Sol) at the center.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882), an English naturalist, showed in On the Origin of the Species, published in 1859, that all species of life on earth have descended over time from common ancestors. Eventually, he proposed that evolution was the branching of the various species over a span of millions of years in a process he termed "natural selection." He developed his ideas beginning as a young man, when he spent five years aboard the ship the Beagle, cruising the world, making observations and compiling notes. The accompanying image is the title page from the first edition of Origin of the Species. Another Englishman, Charles Russell Wallace, came up with pretty much the same ideas as Darwin at about the same time, although it is Darwin who history most remembers.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642), an Italian, was an astronomer, physicist and mathematician, who is represented here with the title page of his "Dialogo," (Dialogue), from 1632, which defended and elaborated upon Copernicus' earlier work showing that the Earth was not the center of everything. Galileo had concrete evidence of this, since he had seen the four largest moon of Jupiter in orbit around that planet with his own eyes, using one of the earliest telescopes. The clerics of the Inquisition were not happy with this finding and ordered all copies of the Dialogo to be burned, so the presence of a first edition in Buffalo is a rare thing indeed. Galileo was eventually forced to publicly recant all his beliefs and spent the remainder of his life under house arrest.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630), a German astronomer, established the laws of planetary motion that paved the way for later work allowing humans to eventually launch interplanetary probes and globe-circling satellites with extraordinary precision. Here we have the frontispiece from his "Tabula Rudolphinae," (The Rudolphine Tables), published in 1627, which was the foundation of all planetary calculations for more than a century. Also included was a table of logistic logarithms, which were invented by Kepler.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Leonhard Fuchs (1501 - 1566), a German physician, was one of the founders of modern botany. This is the title page of his "De historia stirpium," (The History of Plants), published in 1542, which was one of the first attempts to formalize botanical terminology. Within its pages, Fuchs arranged 500 plants according to their Greek names. The book contains hundreds of colored woodcut illustrations.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Andreas Vesalius (1514 - 1564) was a Belgian physician whose work, "De humani corporis fabrica" (On the Fabric of the Human Body), in 1543, established him as the father of modern human anatomy. This is an illustration from that book. The work described the human body in great detail and demonstrated that humans are made of the same things and more-or-less assembled the same way as the lower animals.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Edward Jenner (1749 - 1823), an English physician, is often called the father of immunology. He pioneered the first effective smallpox vaccine and, by doing so, may have saved the lives of more people than any other single individual who had lived up until that time. Jenner had observed that dairymaids who had contracted cowpox from cattle rarely, if ever, contracted smallpox. Coxpox was a disease that appeared to be much like smallpox, but far less virulent. (The accompanying image, from Jenner's "An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolae vaccinae" (1798), illustrates cowpox.) Jenner theorized that exposure to cowpox must be protecting the dairymaids from smallpox. Jenner injected his gardener's son with material scraped from the cowpox sores on the arm of a milkmaid. The boy was later exposed to smallpox, repeatedly, and did not contract the highly contagious disease. Jenner had successfully introduced preventative inoculation to the world.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
Carl Linnaeus (1707 - 1778) was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist who established a viable classification for plants and animals. He's represented here with the title page of "Species planetarum," (The Species of Plants) in 1753, which formalized the binomial nomenclature still used by botanists today. The book listed all the species of plants known to Linnaeus, either from personal experience or through his reading.From the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library Milestones of Science collection
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Wednesday, February 24, 2016
What Effect Does Linoleic Acid Have On Mitochondria?
"Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic syndrome—looking for environmental factors"
I found this paper (2011):
Well that sounds right. How'd they do?
So oxidized LA metabolites are the cause.
And you don't need to wait for a drug.
1 comment:
 1. To my thinking, a true reversal of metabolic syndrome would mean improved insulin sensitivity and the ability to tolerate moderate carb consumption without blood glucose skyrocketing. Current keto/lchf recommendations seem like something of a band-aid as they do not reverse the situation. Brad Marshall's work on lowering SCD-1 to stop the body desaturating fat stores looks interesting and fits well into your paradigm too, although he does not drop carbs anywhere near to ketogenic levels. He is trying to kickstart physiological ROS signalling a per Hyperlipid, while your focus on not wrecking mitochondria with LA is looking at something slightly different. Seems to me that combining these ideas might just about have the problem licked to the point of a cure rather than a mere reversal of symptoms. Not that I want to dive back into a higher carb diet, but it seems that truly fixing a broken metabolism should make that an option for anyone. Linoleic acid and fructose at the levels consumed today are an assault on our metabolism in a way that starches alone probably never were. We should be able to consume them in the same way several healthy traditional populations manage. This is why blaming carbs exclusively was never a strong argument. They only matter when something is already broken.


I have a dataset with the following structure:
full_name,nickname,match Christian Douglas,Chris,1, Jhon Stevens,Charlie,0, David Jr Simpson,Junior,1 Anastasia Williams,Stacie,1 Lara Williams,Ana,0 John Williams,Willy,1
where each predictor row is a pair full name, nickname, and the target variable, match, which is 1 when the nickname corresponds to the person with that name and 0 otherwise. As you can see, the way the nickname is obtained from the full name doesn't follow a particular pattern.
I want to train an ML algorithm that, given the pair full name, nickname, predict the probability of match.
My baseline is just trying to see the number of carachters that match, and features like that. However, I am thinking about an NLP approach using deep learning. My question is wether there are neural network architectures that are specific of this problem.
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ How man samples are there for training? $\endgroup$ – Shamit Verma Mar 19 '19 at 13:38
 - $\begingroup$ Around 100k, but only the 17% have match = 0 $\endgroup$ – David Masip Mar 19 '19 at 13:46
 - $\begingroup$ Is this an open dataset that you can share a link to? $\endgroup$ – Adarsh Chavakula Mar 22 '19 at 18:35
 - $\begingroup$ how to find relationship between a name and a nickname when there is none for instance "Anastasia Williams|Stacie".. you need more features to make this work i think. $\endgroup$ – iamklaus Mar 24 '19 at 6:27
I had a similar problem in my last job. My solution was to build features via (transformation(s) + comparison) * many combos and feed to models, then aggregate and model, i.e. 2 layer model. The key is encoding and similarity scores as features.
Transforms: remove vowels (great for certain roots), remove end vowels, remove double characters, convert to phonetic string (IPA, soundex, _URL_ replace characters that either sound similar or have different sounds in other languages ($J$ in East Europe sounds like $Y$ in US, $C$ can sound like $K, D~T, T\sim TH$, etc),... The strategy is to handle lots of weirdness/irregularity in people's names.
Comparisons (similarity and difference): try [character level, block/root/[pre/suf]fix level, word level (may not apply to you)] similarity and difference scores. Try Dice's coefficient, Levenshtein, Needleman–Wunsch, Longest common (non)contiguous substring, character histogram similarity, # characters matching, not matching (each left and right), etc. You could try using an RNN/LSTM and have it learn similarity for each transform. Use the output of the trained model(s) as another feature.
Experiment with different combos of the above and select a few that seem to have value. You could simply take all the scores and fit with Logistic Regression (or Neural Net) or you could build statistical models and output percent rank based on a small training set to normalize it. Another way to preprocess the raw scores is to use calibration encoding via logistic function. Then add summary stats from the normalized scores as additional features. Push all this into the final model.
Will you handle names that are derived from Arabic, Spanish, French, etc names? This is just extra, but consider downloading the Social Security and US Census name stats data to enhance your project with more name variations. I'll leave the how to you, but it helps knowing about the likely possibilities. Be aware that simply using Levenshtein doesn't work so well with William->Bill, Dianne->Di, Larry->Lawrence, Mohammed->Muhamed and Hamed, Danielle->Daniela, Thomas->Tom, and Jimmy->James. The strategy I mentioned should help you with all the variation.
Additional resources to explore: _URL_ _URL_ _URL_
I couldn't find any useful literature out there for using deep learning for this specific problem. Most methods seem to rely on non-machine learning methods like string similarities and Levenstein distances. A reasonable deep learning based approach to this problem would be a Recurrent Neural Network. An LSTM (Long short term memory) or GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) would be ideal. The idea is to have an RNN which has an internal state and respects the order in which the inputs are fed.
Unlike text classification, sentiment analysis or sequence generation, the preferred encoding for the text here would be at a character level instead of word level.
For example
Christian Douglas,Chris,1
Jhon Stevens,Charlie,0
would become
[C,h,r,i,s,t,i,a,n,,D,o,u,g,l,a,s,,C,h,r,i,s] --> [1]
[J,h,o,n,,S,t,e,v,e,n,s,,C,h,a,r,l,i,e] --> [0]
The two strings to be matched are concatenated into a single sequence. The intuition here is that the RNN would process the sequence character by character and learn (read update weights) that the characters at the end have a similar pattern to what it saw earlier in the same sequence to deduce that it should be a 1 instead of 0.
The vector of [1/0] is the target variable.
The standard RNN pre-processing steps apply as usual - we'll pad the sequences in the beginning so that they're all the same length (say 50), the characters would be encoded as numeric instead of string etc.
Since the dictionary here is pretty small (26 alphabets + space + pad), the network architecture can be a fairly simple one. A single embedding layer + recurrent layer should suffice.
Framing the problem in this manner allows us to use a vanilla RNN or an out-of-the-box LSTM/GRU instead of creating a custom architecture that takes two separate strings as input for each data point and throws out a number.
You could give this approach a shot and see if is able to satisfactorily beats baseline models.
A good reading for character level RNNs is Andrej Karpathy's blog and code. The problem he's trying to solve is different and the code is in pure numpy but it still captures the idea pretty well.
I would use some normalization as preprocessing, such as:
 - Jr converted into Junior.
 - Convert the name into Soundex as ldmtwo said
And then use string algorithms instead of ML for this, such as Z algorithm, KMP algorithm, or Levenshtein distance, and then use threshold on the score.
Your Answer


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May 7, 2008 An innovative micro-pump makes it possible for tiny quantities of liquid – such as medicines – to be dosed accurately and flexibly. Active composites and an electronic control mechanism ensure that the low-maintenance pump works accurately – both forwards and backwards.
Medicines sometimes have to be administered in extremely small quantities. Just a few tenths of a milliliter may be sufficient to give the patient the ideal treatment. Micro-pumps greatly facilitate the dosage of minute quantities. Pumps like these have been built and constantly optimized for over 25 years. They find application in numerous areas – from medical engineering to microproduction technology – wherever tiny volumes have to be variably dosed with extreme accuracy.
However, these micro-pump systems are usually not as flexible as desired: They often work in only one direction, bubbles in the liquid impair their operation, they do not tolerate bothersome particles, they have a fixed pump output and they contain expendable parts such as valves or cogwheels. Together with partners from research institutes and industry, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM in Freiburg have developed an innovative pump system that solves all these problems: a controllable peristaltic micro-pump.
"The peristaltic pump is a highly complex system," explains IWM project manager Dr. Bärbel Thielicke. "It contracts in waves in a similar way to the human esophagus, and thus propels the liquid along – it changes shape of its own accord. To achieve this, we had to use a whole range of different materials and special material composites." The researchers use lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) films that are joined in a suitable way with bending elements made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic and a flexible tube. "PZT materials change their shape as soon as you apply an electric field to them. This makes it possible to control the pump system electronically," says Thielicke. Special adhesives additionally hold the various components of the pump system together. Thanks to the special control electronics, tiny quantities can be pumped accurately through the system.
The peristaltic pump system has already passed its first functional tests. Now the researchers are working to adapt the peristaltic micro-pump to the various different applications. "We work with special simulation models to do this," says Thielicke. "We calculate in advance how the structure of the pump needs to be modified in order to administer other dosages or other liquids. This helps us save time and money during the development phase."
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This training is based on the OECD Policy Guidance "Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation", published in May 2009. It was generously funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and developed by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH in coordination with OECD and a broad range of reviewers from development agencies, NGOs and research institutions from around the world.
Ten training modules introduce the key steps for climate change adaptation. Working with the case of the fictitious state of Zanadu, participants simulate the process of addressing climate adaptation in their decision-making.
The training package is open to public use for non-commercial purposes. It consists of the following material:
Slides in PDF Format:
Please note: The PowerPoint presentations, like the rest of the training material, are subject to copyright and cannot be altered. For printing the presentations, please refer to the pdf versions.
If you would like to customise presentations to the specific requirements of your audience, you can receive the ppt-versions of the presentations upon request from _EMAIL_. You are also welcome to contact _EMAIL_ for any further questions regarding the material.
OECD Climate Change Task Team
Environment and development


, Medieval French, English
ORRELS Medieval English
PACKARD English, Norman, Medieval English, German (Anglicized)
PAINTER English, Medieval French, German
PAIP Medieval Scottish, Biblical Latin, Scottish Gaelic
PARSLEY Medieval French, English, Norman, French
PASSELEWE Medieval English
PEREIRU Medieval Portuguese (Latinized, Rare, Archaic)
PERERO Medieval Spanish (Latinized, Archaic)
PINSKER German, Prussian
Habitational name from any of several places named near Posen (Polish Poznan) and in West Prussia.
PLANTAGENET Medieval English, Medieval French
Borne by the House of Plantagenet, a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. It also originated as a nickname for Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou (_PHONE_), father of King Henry II of England (_PHONE_), who ascended the English throne in 1154... [more]
POSNER German, Polish, Medieval
Originally denoted a person from Poznań, Poland.
PROWZE Anglo-Norman
An Anglo-Norman occupational surname used for soldiers or a nickname for someone bold that is derived from the pre-10th-century Old French proz or prouz, meaning "proud" or "brave". It could also be a variant of the surname PRUE... [more]
PRUDHOMME French, English, Norman, Medieval French
PUCCINI Medieval Italian
Diminutive form of the surname PUCCI
REEDER Medieval English
This surname was given to people in Medieval England who thatched houses using reed
RENGEL Medieval Croatian
SANCTO Medieval Italian (Latinized, Modern)
It comes from the Latin and it means hallowed or holiness.
SANCTUS Medieval Italian
SANTIS Medieval Italian (Latinized, Archaic)
SCOGINGS English, Old Danish
SCUDAMORE Anglo-Norman
A locational surname that was first recorded in England in 1264. Derived from one of the ancient villages of Fifield Scudamore or Upton Scudamore, with SCUDAMORE coming from the Old English scitemor, which means "one who lived at the moor."
SEELY Medieval English
SENDULLA Medieval French
SHACKLEFORD English, Medieval English
SIODINA Medieval Spanish
Use by some Filipinos/Spanish
SISSELSSON Old Norwegian (Rare, Archaic), Icelandic
Matronymic surname meaning Son of SISSEL or SHEILA.
SLYNGER Old Danish
user of a sling.... [more]
SOULE English, French, Medieval English
STEINAUER Medieval German
Dweller at or near a stone or rock, often a boundary mark; one who came from Stein, in Germany and Switzerland; descendant of Staino or STEIN ("stone").... [more]
STOCK Medieval English
English: A topographic name for someone who lived near the trunk or stump of a large tree, Middle English STOCKE (Old English Stocc)... [more]
STURE Old Swedish, Swedish (Rare)
SUBELZA Medieval Basque (Latinized, Archaic)
SULIVAR Medieval Russian
Sulivar was a name used in Southern Russia near Kazakhstan and was even a name a leader had when the mongol empire fell.
TEGGIN Medieval Welsh
derived from tha ancient area of now Flintshire which was named Tegeingl
THRESTON Medieval English (Rare)
TRIMBOLI Medieval Italian
TROLLE Swedish, Old Swedish
VASA Old Swedish, Swedish (Archaic)
VERYARD Medieval Spanish (Rare)
WALLING Anglo-Norman
WEIDEMANN Medieval German, German (Austrian), Norwegian
WENDLER Medieval German
derived from a German word meaning to wander or wanderer
WILD Medieval English, English, German, Jewish
WYLIE Medieval English
YMFFROSTGAR Medieval Welsh
YOHE Medieval English
YULE Medieval English
ZUFALL Medieval German
A German name from the Middle High German "zuoval," meaning "benefit," "coincidence" or "windfall." It was a nickname for a lucky person, most likely a person to whom a plot of land had been given. It could also be an occupational name for a tax collector.
Apply this search to the main name collection


text:
Definition of streptomycete in English:
A bacterium that occurs chiefly in soil as aerobic saprophytes resembling molds, several of which are important sources of antibiotics.
- Streptomyces and related genera, order Actinomycetales; Gram-positive filaments forming chains of spores
- In nature, tetracycline is produced by streptomycetes, moldlike bacteria commonly found in soils.
- The number of genes encoding Nudix hydrolases varies widely, from zero in most Mycoplasma species to around 30 in streptomycetes.
- This applies not only for molecules with an antibiotic activity like in the case of streptomycetes but also for compounds that may play a role in cell processes like signaling and communication.
Definition of streptomycete in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


text:
Furth Family History
14-Day Free Trial
Furth Name Meaning
German (also Fürth): topographic name for someone living at a ford, Middle High German vurt 'ford', 'path', or a habitational name from any of several places called Fürth, for example near Nuremberg. Jewish (western Ashkenazic): habitational name of the same origin as 1. Possibly also a variant spelling of Firth.
Source: Dictionary of American Family Names ©2013, Oxford University Press
Similar surnames: Forth, Firth, North, Warth, Burt, Horth, Worth, Borth, Garth, Kurth


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I am trying to get Unicode characters to compile into a PDF file using XeLaTeX. My MWE looks like this:
Here is α, β, and finally γ.
When I compile to PDF I get
Here is,, and finally.
My Unicode characters do not show up. Could anyone point out my problem?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 12 down vote accepted
The default font, Computer Modern Roman, just does not have the glyphs for these Unicode characters. There are several possibilities to point out:
Math symbols
If the intended use of the characters is as shortcuts for \alpha, \beta, etc., then use the newunicodechar package:
Internationalised typesetting
If you're looking to typeset a document (or part of a document) in the Greek language, use the polyglossia package:
\newfontfamily\greekfont[Script=Greek,Ligatures=TeX]{Times New Roman} % Has Greek characters
\begin{greek} ελληνικά \end{greek}
Random usage
If you need these characters for occasional use in the normal text, you can also use the fontspec package without polyglossia to load a font that has the glyphs. You can do it either globally (change the font altogether) or just for these characters:
\newfontfamily\timesfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Times New Roman}
The Greek letter alpha follows: {\timesfont α}
share|improve this answer
Concerning newunicodechar, is there a package that collects a large list of existing shortcuts, especially for mathematics and the occasional foreign symbol? – Greg Graviton Apr 22 '12 at 12:53
_USER_: I had the same question. I made a package for that available on github: github.com/olivierverdier/Unixode – Olivier Jun 15 '12 at 8:35
Your Answer


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Conkeror has a sophisticated keyboard interface for interacting with web content. Unfortunately, in this area, power comes at the price of some complexity. Conkeror's keymap system may seem more complex than that of its mentor software, Emacs, but this complexity is unavoidable given the complexity of the GUI-web environment that Conkeror must deal with. For example, there must be a set of key bindings for use in text boxes, and another for checkboxes, a set for viewing web pages, and another for non-webpage buffers. In fact many keymaps for the many different contexts of focus that the user can be in. When you want to bind a command so it is available in suitable contexts, you need to pick the proper keymap to bind it in. In this article, we will try to describe all of the available keymaps to help you select the right one.
At any moment a Conkeror window has a stack of current keymaps, with the keymaps most specific to the context at the top, and the most general at the bottom. Which keymaps are present in this stack is partly static and partly dynamic. For example, content_buffer_normal_keymap has a parent link to default_global_keymap. Binding lookups in the one will always fall through to the other. This is a static link. On the other hand, the relationship between content_buffer_checkbox_keymap and content_buffer_form_keymap is dynamic. If a checkbox is focused, content_buffer_checkbox_keymap will be active, but content_buffer_form_keymap will only be active if that checkbox is inside of an html:form.


You are looking at historical revision 17537 of this page. It may differ significantly from its current revision.
The CHICKEN User's Manual
Stylized picture of a chicken
This is the manual for Chicken Scheme, version 4.4.0
Getting started
What is CHICKEN and how do I use it?
Basic mode of operation
Compiling Scheme files.
Using the compiler
Explains how to use CHICKEN to compile programs and execute them.
Using the interpreter
Invocation and usage of csi, the CHICKEN interpreter.
Supported language
Interface to external functions and variables
Accessing C and C++ code and data.
Packaging and installing extension libraries.
Deploying programs developed with CHICKEN.
Data representation
How Scheme data is internally represented.
Bugs and limitations
Things that do not work yet.
Links to documents that may be of interest.


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Narrated By: Michael Morpurgo,
Duration: 6 hours and 48 minutes
What to expect
Written by Hugh Cunningham and presented by award-winning children's author Michael Morpurgo, this genuinely ground-breaking history of British childhood teaches us about the key elements that have shaped children's lives. The Invention of Childhood explores how gender, geography and ethnicity has impacted the development of children throughout the ages. Beginning from the year 1000, Cunningham studies the many important events in history for our children, ranging from Britain's earliest child-care guru in the Middle Ages to the first ever Foundling Hospital in the 18th Century. This hugely enjoyable piece of teaching that delves into the idea of how childhood has been constantly reinvented through the centuries, and why the role of children in society continues to obsess us today.
Fascinating and thought-provoking, it will appeal to parents, grandparents and anyone who has ever been a child themselves.
Films, cinema, Television, Radio, European history
Listen to a sample


text:
With PicsArt's newly-designed Color Chooser, you can find the exact color you're looking for. You now have two different methods to do so, plus the option to save colors on your customized color palette.
To learn about how to use the new Color Chooser to find your perfect color, check out the video below.
When you open the Color Chooser, your first option is to use the HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness) model. First, select your hue by tapping your finger on the outer color wheel. This will change the value on the H slider. Once you have selected your color, select the saturation and brightness by tapping on the inner square. As you move the cursor throughout the square, you'll see the saturation and brightness sliders moving. Once you've made your selection, you can make minor adjustments using the sliders to find the perfect color. Tap the checkmark to confirm your color choice before using it.
To switch to the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) model, simply tap RGB and an alternative set of sliders will appear. Once again, select the color you'd like to use by tapping the outer color wheel. As you move through the color wheel, you'll notice that the R, G, and B slider values change. For example, when you select red, the R slider will jump to 255, while the G and B sliders fall down to 0. Next, select the shade you'd like to use by tapping in the inner square. Once you've made a selection, you can fine-tune the color using the sliders. Tap the checkmark to confirm your color choice before using it.
After you've found the perfect color, save it by tapping the grid icon. Your custom color palette will appear, and you can select an empty square to save your color. You can always come back to your saved color palette for a quick color pick.


- Shannen Dorothee Tioniwar
Development designs
Development 1
Concept: Inspired by Google's paper signal, this first design features a voice activated intermediary device. Here, I explored the concept of physicalizing control through your voice purely. Using a DIY approach because of how the voice module works, users would need to record their voice and set the different commands (through codes) in relations to the privacy choices for each command. Since this preset is done before the product could function to visualise data loss, users would have more understanding about the way it works.
Process: Individual users must calibrate the device by recording their voices on the different commands they want each bubble gun to react to. The idea is whenever the users(after calibration) say that command to Alexa, it would also trigger the bubble gun, acting as a reminder to that particular data loss. depending on how much liquid is placed on each cup, it determines how much of that data users are willing to let go.
In moving forward, I think this approach doesn't give extra knowledge on the data collection process, instead just poses as a reminder for users. I think that there is definitely an improvement to make, that is to depict the underlying data that are collected from users when they command alexa to do something.
Which data is necessary to be used?
Referring to the previous Alexa system analysis, I would like to show the users regarding underlying datas that are used to fullfill commands to Alexa.Due to the large scope of skill Alexa could cover, I will refer to the level of personalisation (refer to roleplay experiment) to generate data (in the form of keywords) for the intermediary device to detect when it hears a command. I think this would provide a good explanation of the devices' functions. The underlying data list is based on the API information needed to generate an answer to the particular keyword. This is stated on the Amazon developer site.
Development 2
Concept: Using Personal, family and public data grouping as well as the electronic modules of Arduino uno along with the ILS voice recognizer and servo motors. The push buttons allow users to decide how they want to catagorise different commands by implementing the three datasets as a basis.
How it works: The voice recognition detects the keywords of a command which are used to turn the system function on. These keywords are similar to how the Amazon server detects the word "weather" within a user command. The push buttons are used to classify the data after the detection which trigger the servo motors to turn on the bubble guns.
After making this prototype, I realised that there's lack of visualisation of the data that are stored in the device which prevents users to fully understand the device's functionality. A digital interface like an LCD or a touch screen is something I might consider using to present this feature. I will continue working on the functionality of this product in the next stage of development to ensure a transparent information flow and a more intuitive user experience.
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text:
A recent study published jointly by the Departments of Civil, Environmental, and GeoEngineering and of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota titled "Life Cycle Air Quality Impacts of Conventional and Alternative Light-Duty Transportation in the United States," further supports existing research that EVs can substantially reduce carbon and smog forming pollutants.
The study evaluated the air quality and human health impacts of 10 strategies for reducing the environmental impact of light-duty transportation including using alternative fuels and improving fuel economy of vehicles. The Researchers found that EVs powered by electricity produced from low-emitting sources such as from natural gas, wind, water or solar power reduce overall environmental health impacts by over 50 percent. When taking into account the potential climate change impacts along with the health impacts, the study further reinforces the preference of EVs powered by low-emitting electricity relative to vehicles that burn gasoline, according to the research.
Click here to read the entire report.


text:
Danish researchers investigated how healthcare professionals cope with balancing being professionals and putting themselves and their family at risk of COVID-19.
When the COVID-19 pandemic hit Denmark in the spring, researchers from Rigshospitalet launched a research project that would investigate how awaiting a test result for COVID-19 affects the mental health and well-being of patients, their relatives and healthcare professionals.
The purpose was to explore some of the aspects that are not associated with COVID-19 itself but instead are related to being human during a pandemic.
The results of the healthcare professionals' experiences have now been published, and politicians and managers in hospitals and elsewhere in the health and social care sector should consider this information as they prepare for a possible third wave of COVID-19.
"Our results show that healthcare professionals had a very altruistic approach to being on the frontline during the beginning of a global pandemic. They were willing to continue to work and sacrifice a lot personally to help and to minimize the risk of infecting others. But we can also see that healthcare professionals are getting exhausted," explains a researcher behind the study, Selina Kikkenborg Berg, Senior Researcher and Clinical Professor, Centre for Cardiac, Vascular, Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen.
The research has been published in BMC Health Services Research.
Interviewed 15 healthcare professionals early in the pandemic
The researchers interviewed 15 healthcare professionals from the health and social care sector in March and April during the first wave of the pandemic. These included doctors, nurses, social and health care assistants and physiotherapists, who had all taken a COVID-19 test near Rigshospitalet.
The purpose of the interviews was to explore what healthcare professionals thought about their role during the ongoing pandemic and their risk of getting infected with a dangerous disease.
The researchers analysed the 15 interviews to extract recurring meaning or themes in the narratives.
No hotline to answer questions
The results show that healthcare professionals rarely feared for their own health or that of their families but that they might well fear transmitting the virus to patients.
Many chose to self-isolate so that they would not infect their family or take COVID-19 with them to work and potentially infect vulnerable patients.
The research also shows that many wanted a hotline to get answers to questions about COVID-19.
"Many have also been concerned that they had insufficient knowledge because they have been in an unfamiliar situation and have not had anywhere to go to get the answers they lacked," says Selina Kikkenborg Berg.
Healthcare professionals: we do not want applause
An interesting finding is that the healthcare professionals have actually not been very enthusiastic about the tributes from people during the first months of the pandemic.
According to Selina Kikkenborg Berg, most healthcare professionals did not want the applause, which could appear condescending because it was not what they needed.
"A main point raised by healthcare professionals is that they would rather have better working conditions or hazard allowances or other more specific recognition of the enormous work they do every single day. They experience applause as verging on hypocrisy, and moreover, this type of recognition does not appear authentic. Healthcare professionals resent it," says Selina Kikkenborg Berg.
The reward for being on the frontline should be in keeping with the sacrifice
Selina Kikkenborg Berg also says that the effects of healthcare professionals not feeling especially recognized during the first wave of COVID-19 have become visible.
Some nurses have received a lump sum of DKK 1,500, and that was all.
Since then, gratitude for their efforts has also dried up, and today society is instead focusing on compensating mink farmers and bridal wear shops.
"This can be very difficult to accept if you have skin damage because you have to wear personal protective equipment all day. Recruiting personnel to work on wards caring for people with COVID-19 is now very difficult. If the cost is social isolation, incredible work pressure, physical wounds and migraine but they receive no other recognition than DKK 1,500 and a round of applause, then getting nurses to take an extra shift is very difficult, and this is sorely needed," explains Selina Kikkenborg
Much work ahead for politicians, senior managers and middle managers
Selina Kikkenborg Berg thinks that politicians should examine the new study to better understand how healthcare professionals who will be on the frontline in a third wave of COVID-19 are feeling.
Politicians, senior managers and middle managers need to remember that making healthcare professionals content and secure at work requires a very specific type of management and recognition.
She acknowledges that steps have been taken to improve conditions, but much remains to be done.
"Recruiting enough personnel is difficult, so then you have to make people work at a location in which they would rather not be. You can then ask yourself how you would ideally like to be cared for if you developed COVID-19: by someone who wants to be there or by someone who has to be there?" asks Selina Kikkenborg Berg.


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Who Put the Pop in Pop?
What You Need:
Question: Where do the bubbles in soda pop come from?
1.First, put two big spoonfuls of baking soda in a plastic ziplock bag.
2. Then, seal the bag nearly closed. Leave a small opening.
3. Pour about half a cup of vinegar into the bag. Quickly seal the bag closed.
4. Gently shake the mixture.
5. Congratulations Kitchen Chemist! You've just made a gas known as carbon dioxide.
A Scientific Explanation
When the baking soda and vinegar mix they create a gas known as carbon dioxide. It is carbon dioxide gas that gives soda its pop. Carbon dioxide gas is also what creates the fire-damping foam in some fire extinguishers.
Can you explain why carbon dioxide foam would make a good fire extinguisher?
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text:
An 18mp sensor produces the same size file if it is a full frame sensor or if it is an APS-C sensor. Smaller pixels do not make smaller bits
Write time to your card is based on lots of factors, but the two main ones are processing delay and the slower of card speed and camera write speed.
Processing delay is not as simple as faster processor beats slower processor.... What is the algorithm? Does it take the same time for an iso100 image as an iso 51200 image with lots of processing to correct noise.... Does a 60D run a simple algorithm on a clean picture faster than a 1D X on a noisy picture??? This is why there is no answer to how fast can a digic 5+ process pixels.... The answer varies based on the algorithm used.
Write time is the slower of camera write speed and card speed. I don't know how fast the 1D X write speed is to the card, but you can bet that the published specs were with the fastest card available. Nice and simple...... And wrong! After the image is processed it is stored in high speed memory, which is then dumped to the card. The bottleneck occurs when the read/process/dump to high speed memory occurs faster than you can write to the card.
A 1D X has something like 34 times the processing power of a 60D and we all know how the mighty compact flash beats the tar out of the lowly SDXC cards, yet the 1D X is only able to take 12 frames per second compared to the 5.3 of the 60D....... There are no easy answers here.


Changes in climate factors such as warmer air temperatures and extreme fluctuations in precipitation as a result of rising CO2 concentration may significantly impact plant growth and crop productivity. Over the past several years a range of research initiatives have been conducted to better understand responses of the cotton system to this changing environment.
This review explores projected climatic changes throughout Australian cotton regions, summarises studies that assess the impact on productivity, and investigations to help mitigate potential negative effects.