_USER_ {4954, title = {Toward Message Passing for a Million Processes: Characterizing MPI on a Massive Scale Blue Gene/P}, booktitle = {Computer Science - Research and Development}, year = {2009}, month = {08/2009}, publisher = {Springer}, organization = {Springer}, abstract = {Upcoming exascale capable systems are expected to comprise more than amillion processing elements. As researchers continue to work toward architecting these systems, it is becoming increasingly clear that these systems will utilize a significant amount of shared hardware between processing units; this includes shared caches, memory and network components. Thus, understanding how effective current message passing and communication infrastructure is in tying these processing elements together, is critical tomaking educated guesses on what we can expect from such future machines. Thus, in this paper, we characterize the communication performance of the message passing interface (MPI) implementation on 32 racks (131,072 cores) of the largest Blue Gene/P (BG/P) system in the world (80\% of the total system size) and reveal various interesting insights into it.}, url = {_URL_ author = {Pavan Balaji and A. Chan and Rajeev Thakur and W. D. Gropp and Ewing L. Lusk} }


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Pikaia was one of the first representatives of our own branch of the tree of life. The chordates include humans and all other vertebrates, but also lancetfish and the sac-like ascidians (sea squirts).
An eel-like animal with a flattened body, Pikaia had a notochord (a flexible skeletal rod, like a primitive backbone) supporting nerves and muscles, and a tailfin that enabled it to swim. In these ways Pikaia resembled the lancetfish, a group of primitive chordates that have survived to this day. But Pikaia differs in having a number of tentacles around its mouth, and its diet is unknown.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Neem Oil
Neem oil is a very thick, viscous oil with an earthy, green smell.
Neem oil is rich in fatty acids and glycerides which adds excellent moisturizing to skin care products. It is well known for its anti-viral, anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties. Neem Oil is beneficial for eczema prone, or for those with who suffer from psoriasis and acne.
Neem oil is commonly used in shampoos to treat dandruff and dry scalp. It is also reputed to increase hair growth and improve the quality of hair by moisturizing and repairing damaged cuticles.
Pet care products usually contain Neem Oil as it helps to deter ticks and fleas as well as control mange, scabies, and other skin diseases.
Interestingly, Neem Oil is often sprayed on plants as it helps to repel insects. Given this, it is often used in bug repellents.
Extraction Method: Cold Pressed
Processing Type: Unrefined
INCI: Azadirachta indica seed oil
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Know the nutrients and dangers that cornstalks contain
This year, one nitrate test on corn stalks isn't enough for cattle producers. Nitrate levels can change dramatically from when a sample is taken and forages, such as cornstalks, sorghum-sudan grass, millet and fescue pastures, are harvested.
"Nitrate in the plant becomes nitrite in the rumen," says Tim Evans, University of Missouri veterinary toxicologist. "Nitrates absorbed into circulation from the ruman interact with hemoglobin in the blood, leading to methemoglobinemia, which reduces the ability of the blood to transport oxygen throughout the body of the animal."
The best prevention is accurate information, he says, adding that nitrate tests cost about $25. "Cows will most often eat the leafy areas of the stalks, which contain lower nitrate levels, but I don't have a lot of faith in cows always eating what we expect them to," he says. "Testing is relatively easy to perform and inexpensive."
Symptoms of nitrate/nitrite intoxication include anxiety, lethargy, exercise intolerance, abortions in late gestations and death. Symptoms can appear as soon as one to four hours after eating, with abortions happening three to five days after consumption.
Test that Bale
Sampling cornstalk bales is similar sampling hay bales, but forage probes should be sized appropriately for corn stalks, says Justin Sexten, University of Missouri Extension beef specialist.
With the brittleness of stalks and husks, he advises cattle producers to use a larger probe, ½" to ¾" wide, and one that is very sharp to cut through the corn. To prevent stalks or husks from sliding off the probe, cut at slower speeds than for hay bales.
There are lots of nutrient variability in cornstalk bales, says Rick Rasby, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension beef specialist. "Of any residue, cornstalks have the greatest potential as feed for cow-calf operations."
"Test for moisture, protein and energy in the form of total digestible nutrients (TDN), and test for nitrates and alfatoxins. Normally, nitrates not a major concern, but in extreme drought years, its best to test," Rasby says.
With high feed costs, farmers may think about grinding corn stalks to utilize the whole plant. "At that point, you're not going to let cows select," Rasby says. "The smaller the screen you grind through, the less that the cows will sort—I suggest a 3" to 5" screen. When you are feeding the entire residue, a nutrient analysis as well as a nitrate test is really important."
Watch an video form University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension featuring Rick Rasby, explaining how to sample corn stalk bales:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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ROCHESTER, MINN. -- Staying active or beginning a regular exercise program can maintain and even restore blood vessel function, according to the January issue of Mayo Clinic Health Letter. A proper diet and maintaining a healthy weight have been known to keep blood vessels healthy as you age. Now, exercise is added to the list.
A recent study in the journal Circulation found that middle-aged and older sedentary men improved blood vessel function by 30 percent after three months of regular physical activity, primarily walking.
Regular activity such as walking at a moderate pace for 20 to 30 minutes four to six days a week can make a difference in how you feel and in your overall health.


text: Flow Snapshots ♦ Flow past an airfoil at high angle of attack shortly after a sudden start of motion. A marginal separation near the leading edge is followed by reattachment. The starting vortex is clearly seen. ♦ Flow past the same airfoil at a later time. There is a substantial region of separation. ♦ And even later. ♦ This is an early stage of the development of the Karman vortex street behind a circular cylinder. ♦ Flow past a car. ♦ This is a spatially developing Karman vortex street: further downstream the vortices will gradually arrange themselves into the usual mutual position.


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Parthian Empire at its greatest extent, c. 60 BCE.
|Existed||238 BCE–228 CE|
Parthia is an ancient country of Asia, now Iran and regions of Armenia, Iraq, Georgia, eastern Turkey, eastern Syria,Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kuwait, the Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and UAE.
Parthians were excellent horsemen and archers. In battle, mounted Parthians often discharged their arrows back towards the enemy while pretending to flee.
In 250 BC, the Parthians succeeded in founding an independent kingdom that in the 1st century BC it grew into an empire extending from the Euphrates to the Indus and from the Amu Darya to the Indian Ocean.
Other websites [change]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Parthian Empire|
- Parthia.com - with an extensive bibliography
- History of Parthia
- The Establishment and Development of Christianity in the Parthian Empire in Transoxiana 6.
- Parthia (Old Persian Parthava)


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How do I parse an XML, which is stored in a String? Assume the string name is xmlString. It contains 'employee' as root node and firstname, lasename, address as child node.
I tried the following with xml4J parser. 1. Create a parser object Parser p = new Parser("parser.err"); 2. converting a string into an inputstream. ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(xmlString.getBytes());
3. Create the DOM tree TXDocument document = parser.readStream(is); here, document(DOM tree) is null. So, I am not able to get the root element. Why is that??? Thanks


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I used to trail run with a friend who is an urban planner. As part of her devious plan to get me to run further before I was too tired and bored, she'd tell me about the various considerations that go into the zoning and construction in a town. There were also a lot of shenanigans with local politics that provided a juicy distraction.
Although my friend would disagree, layouts for a high voltage PCB design have some similarities to complex urban planning. In addition to all the other considerations that go into a PCB design, a high voltage PCB also needs a layout that can control and optimize field strength across the board to provide the best performance and lifetime protection in your final product.
Isolate high voltage areas
The same way that a town creates zoning areas and restricts what land can be used for, you want to group your high voltage circuitry together to minimize the impact it will have on the rest of your board. By partitioning high voltage areas from low voltage areas, you can decrease the risk of arcing on your board.
One way to physically isolate high voltage areas is to add an insert around them. When you lay out the board, be sure to include a slot that will be routered out where you'd place the insert. Talk to your manufacturer to be sure this is feasible, and to find out what size tolerance they have for the slot.
Since you are placing the slot near the highest voltage region of your board, overvoltage conditions are likely. Proto Express recommends that you design the slot to survive repeated arcing. The minimum slot width should provide adequate protection at the highest voltage expected on the board. By adding a little margin to the slot size, you can ensure the PCB will stay undamaged even if the edges of the slot carbonize during corona or arcing. This is important because the resistance of the PCB material drops along the edges that suffer arc damage.
During manufacturing, the slot will be routered like any other feature or via on the board. Then you can place an inert insulator material into the slot to form a vertical barrier. For lower voltages, you can use PCB material, but at higher voltages, you'll want something like polyester or Teflon. The inserts can be held in place with clips, glue, or by designing the shape of the slot and insert to lock in place.
Partitioning a high voltage PCB is important to provide a gradual decrease of voltage across the board.
Decrease voltage across the board gradually
After you've isolated the highest voltage regions on the board, you should still lay out the rest of the board in "zones" that let you step the voltage down gradually. By placing circuitry that operates at lower potential around the main conductors, you can redistribute the electric field. The lower field strength over an area lessens the potential for corona and arcing.
Voltage floating rings, or field grating rings, can also be used to manage the field distribution of high voltage pcb designs. They can serve as a termination or be coupled to resistors and/or capacitors, depending on the AC/DC characteristics of the high voltage source that your design will protect. These are pretty advanced design components. If you're considering using them, it is worth diving deep into their literature.
Isolate noise sources
If there's a single universal rule of PCB design it's to either use short traces or isolate your noise sources. This is still the case with high voltage PCB designs. Just like you don't want to live next to a loud manufacturing plant, you don't want signal or power supply noise to reign-free on your board. If noise couples through parasitic capacitance on the board or in the insulation, it can easily propagate to very sensitive areas of the board.
You should minimize interconnects on your Printed Circuit Board. Using fewer interconnects reduces the opportunities for transient generation in your design. It will also minimize the propagation of high voltage across the board. Like noise, any transients or unexpectedly high voltage areas can damage sensitive components or reduce performance.
PCB interconnects make it easier for the electric field to propagate across the board, which is highly undesirable.
Use design checks
Make sure your PCB design tool has a thorough design rules checker. That checker is the urban planner of your board, making sure that spacing and positioning throughout the design and assembly of your board are up to spec. All cables, connectors, and components can affect the performance of any board, but a high voltage product poses a particular risk to itself and users if the design goes awry.
Looking for great design layout software for getting started? Look no further than Altium. Design rules checking can be automated and performed in real time, saving you a tremendous amount of work in the small tweaks that are needed to get the board just right, especially for high voltage!
Have a question about high voltage PCB design? Contact an expert at Altium.
Check out Altium Designer® in action...
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No matter what goal you want to achieve, you can measure your progress as a percentage of the goal. For example, if you have a sales goal for the month, you could measure your sales thus far as a percentage of the sales goal. Similarly, if you have a goal for running a certain number of miles per week or raising a certain amount of money, you can also measure your progress as a percentage. Using a percentage helps to put your progress in perspective. For example, if your goal is running 10 miles a week, eight miles means you're almost there. If your goal is 80 miles a week, however, eight miles is just getting started.
Identify your goal or target. For example, if you want to run 30 miles in a week, 30 miles would be your goal. Alternatively, if you want to raise $1,000, $1,000 would be your goal.
Measure your progress toward your goal. For example, if you ran 5 miles the first day and then 4 miles the next day, you would have 9 miles toward your goal. Alternatively, if you got a $200 donation from one donor and a $240 donation from another, you would have $440 raised toward your goal.
Divide your progress toward your goal by your goal. In the first example, divide 9 by 30 get 0.3. In the second example, divide $440 by $1,000 to get 0.44.
Multiply the result by 100 to convert to a percent. Finishing the first example, multiply 0.3 by 100 to get 30 percent. Completing the second example, multiply 0.44 by 100 to get 44 percent.
About the Author
Mark Kennan is a writer based in the Kansas City area, specializing in personal finance and business topics. He has been writing since 2009 and has been published by "Quicken," "TurboTax," and "The Motley Fool."


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Luquillo Long Term Ecological Research Site
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Research Areas:
NSF Award:
Luquillo LTER Program 4: Understanding Change in the Ecosystems of Northeastern Puerto Rico (University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras)
Research Focus
The Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Site (Luquillo LTER) seeks to understand how changing climate and land use affect the environment of northeastern Puerto Rico. Studies encompass both land and water ecosystems, from the peaks of the Luquillo Mountains to the city of San Juan. Many of its projects occur in El Yunque National Forest, where hurricanes, landslides and human disturbance have had significant impacts. Luquillo research has stimulated a new appreciation of the significance of large-scale disturbances in tropical forested ecosystems and the key role of plants and animals in shaping the response to these events.
Luquillo LTER research findings are relevant to other islands in the Caribbean and similar tropical areas.
Research Outcomes
Luquillo LTER is enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms through which natural and human disturbances structure ecosystems.
New pathways: Research at Luquillo LTER led to the discovery of ammonium and Feammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) as novel pathways for nitrogen loss from terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding these pathways will help scientists predict the sources and magnitudes of greenhouse gas emissions and how human activities such as irrigation and fertilization affect water and air quality in tropical regions.
Human and hurricane impacts: Using a model that simulates how forests react to multiple disturbances, scientists at Luquillo LTER found that interactions between hurricane and human impacts lead to forests with new tree species. Research on long-term changes in tree species illuminates our understanding of the potential interactions between natural disturbance and human land use.
Tropical carbon cycling: Scientists at Luquillo LTER showed that carbon cycling in tropical forests is highly sensitive to climate. Relatively small increases in temperature can decrease the ability of the forests to store carbon recently captured by photosynthesis. These data show the potential for tropical forests to release stored carbon with global warming and suggest that we may not be able to rely on the forests to continue to remove excess CO2 associated with fossil fuel combustion and other human factors.
Education & Outreach
Luquillo LTER produces young and minority scientists with experience in linking population and ecosystem approaches and provides them with skills that can be applied in tropical regions or elsewhere.
The program has also developed a comprehensive education program involving teachers at a network of six high schools and a web-based middle school curriculum for teaching ecology.
Additional outreach activities are directed at improving are communities' appreciation of the water resources provided to by streams draining the Luquillo Mountains.
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 - overhead shot of field researcher in tree
 - Luqillo LTER vista
Researcher Nancy Harris studies forest canopy.
Luquillo LTER Site
Urban sustainability knowledge-action systems are a focus at NSF's Luquillo LTER site.
Luquillo LTER Site


Transgender Voice Intervention
Voice and Communication Intervention for Transgender Clients
What is involved in transgender voice and communication intervention?
Men and women generally communicate differently. For example, most men tend to speak with lower pitched voices, while women use higher pitched voices. Men may use shorter sentences that get more to the point. Women often use more gestures and longer sentences when they speak. Individuals who are transgender often elect to have voice and communication therapy to help them use their voice in a safe way and communicate more like the opposite gender in which they were born.
The Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association (HBIGDA) has established standards of care within the area of transsexual medicine for individuals wishing to have genital reconstructive surgery (GRS). GRS is a surgical procedure that transforms the body to the gender opposite of that in which the person was born. Prior to GRS surgery, the person must see a psychologist for two years and live full-time in the new gender role during those two years. Voice and communication therapy services are recommended during this time.
What does transgender voice and communication intervention involve?
The speech-language pathologist (SLP) provides voice and communication training for male-to-female and female-to-male clients. The SLP will look at a variety of aspects of communication, including vocal pitch, intonation and resonance, and nonverbal communication.
Assessment will involve the collection of a case history and medical history, and assessment of voice and language. It is also important for the SLP to eliminate any vocal abusive behaviors resulting from changes in pitch and intensity. For example, a male-to-female client's incorrect attempts to speak in a higher pitched voice can lead to vocal nodules or other voice problems. Areas of transgender voice and communication intervention include:
 - Pitch of the voice
 - Resonance
 - Intonation (the rhythm of speech)
 - Rate (how fast or slow the person speaks)
 - Intensity (loudness or softness)
 - Language
 - Speech sounds (articulation)
 - Pragmatics (social rules of communication)


Small sword
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Sword of Napoleon, carried at the Battle of Austerlitz and which he kept all his life. Napoleon Austerlitz sword-IMG 0648-gradient.jpg
Sword of Napoléon, carried at the Battle of Austerlitz and which he kept all his life.
The small sword or smallsword (also court sword, Gaelic: claidheamh beag or claybeg, French: épée de cour or dress sword) is a light one-handed sword designed for thrusting which evolved out of the longer and heavier rapier of the late Renaissance. The height of the small sword's popularity was between mid 17th and late 18th century, when any man, civilian or military, with pretensions to gentlemanly status would have worn a small sword on a daily basis.
Militarily, small swords continued to be used as a standard sidearm for infantry officers. In some branches with strong traditions, this practice continues to the modern day, albeit for ceremonial and formal dress only. The carrying of swords by officers in combat conditions was frequent in World War I and still saw some practice in World War II. The 1913 U.S. Army Manual of Bayonet Drill [1] includes instructions for how to defend against an opponent with a smallsword.
A smallsword of c. 1760, showing the light construction and narrow thrusting blade of this type of sword Varja - Livrustkammaren - 82405.tif
Hilt of the sword worn by students of the Ecole Polytechnique in dress uniform Tangente Ecole Polytechnique.jpg
Small swords were used both by the military (where they served more as a sign of a certain rank rather than a real weapon for close combat) and as a dueling weapon. The very height of the small sword's widespread popularity was (as mentioned above) between the middle of the 17th and the late 18th century, when it was considered fashionable by aristocrats ("no gentleman was dressed without his sword" contemporary idiom of the middle of the 18th century), but it was still used as a duelling weapon until the middle of the 20th century. For instance, Gaston Defferre and René Ribière used larger and heavier versions of the épée, which both had small sword-blades instead of the flexible épée-blades (which have been used in sport fencing through the present day) in their duel on April 21, 1967 in Neuilly, Paris. The use of the small sword for infantry is covered in the US manual of 1861 titled "The Militiaman's Manual". It can be obtained here.
In modern times, the sword is often used as part of court uniform and dress. A German version of the small sword called "Trauerdegen" ("mourning épée") is still in use by the Reitendiener [ de ] of the city of Hamburg in Germany.
Related Research Articles
Rapier Slender, sharply pointed sword
A rapier or espada ropera is a type of sword with a slender and sharply-pointed two-edged blade that was popular in Western Europe, both for civilian use and as a military side arm, throughout the 16th and 17th centuries.
Hilt Handle of a sword or similar weapon
The hilt of a knife, dagger, sword, or bayonet is its handle, consisting of a guard, grip and pommel. The guard may contain a crossguard or quillons. A tassel or sword knot may be attached to the guard or pommel.
Sabre Type of sword used for combat on horseback
A sabre is a type of backsword with a curved blade associated with the light cavalry of the early modern and Napoleonic periods. Originally associated with Central European cavalry such as the hussars, the sabre became widespread in Western Europe in the Thirty Years' War. Lighter sabres also became popular with infantry of the early 17th century. In the 19th century, models with less curving blades became common and were also used by heavy cavalry.
A longsword is a type of European sword characterized as having a cruciform hilt with a grip for two-handed use, a straight double-edged blade of around 85 to 110 cm, and weighing approximately 1 to 1.5 kg.
Academic fencing Sword fight between two male members of different fraternities with sharp weapons
Academic fencing or Mensur is the traditional kind of fencing practiced by some student corporations in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia, and, to a minor extent, in Belgium, Lithuania, and Poland. However, in Switzerland it is nowadays frowned upon to carry out this tradition, for it is considered unnecessary violence. It is a traditional, strictly regulated épée/rapier fight between two male members of different fraternities with sharp weapons. The German technical term Mensur in the 16th century referred to the specified distance between each of the fencers.
Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing, all of which are metal. It is flexible, rectangular in cross section, and weighs under a pound. As with the épée, points are only scored by contact with the tip, which, in electrically scored tournaments, is capped with a spring-loaded button to signal a touch. A foil fencer's uniform features the lamé. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in competition.
The yatagan or yataghan is a type of Ottoman knife or short sabre used from the mid-16th to late 19th centuries. The yatagan was extensively used in Ottoman Turkey and in areas under immediate Ottoman influence, such as the Balkans and the Caucasus.
Épée Largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing
The épée, sometime spelled epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.
Swordsmanship or sword fighting refers to the skills of a swordsman, a person versed in the art of the sword. The term is modern, and as such was mainly used to refer to smallsword fencing, but by extension it can also be applied to any martial art involving the use of a sword. The formation of the English word "swordsman" is parallel to the Latin word gladiator, a term for the professional fighters who fought against each other and a variety of other foes for the entertainment of spectators in the Roman Empire. The word gladiator itself comes from the Latin word gladius, which is a type of sword.
Classification of swords
The English language terminology used in the classification of swords is imprecise and has varied widely over time. There is no historical dictionary for the universal names, classification or terminology of swords; A sword was simply a double edged knife.
Szabla is the Polish word for sabre.
A spadroon is a light sword with a straight-edged blade, enabling both cut and thrust attacks. This English term first came into use in the early 18th century, though the type of sword it referred to was in common usage during the late 17th century. They were primarily used as a military sidearm in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and for officers and NCOs in the latter part of the 18th and early 19th centuries. The type of sword also saw widespread use across Europe and America, though the term 'spadroon' is unique to the Anglophone world.
Outline of fencing Overview of and topical guide to fencing
Fencing – family of combat sports using bladed weapons. Fencing is one of four sports which have been featured at every one of the modern Olympic Games. Also known as modern fencing to distinguish it from historical fencing.
Gothic hilted British infantry swords (1822, 1827, 1845, 1854 and 1892 patterns)
The gothic hilted swords were a family of swords carried by officers and some NCOs of the British Army between 1822 and the present day. They were primarily infantry swords, although they were also regulation pattern for some other officers such as surgeons and staff officers. The term "Gothic hilt" is derived from a perceived similarity between the curved bars of the guard and the arches found in Gothic architecture. They were elegant aesthetically pleasing weapons, although they were considered by some to be mediocre fighting swords. The weapon and its variants had a very long service life.
Parrying dagger
The parrying dagger is a category of small handheld weapons from the European late Middle Ages and early Renaissance. These weapons were used as off-hand weapons in conjunction with a single-handed sword such as a rapier. As the name implies they were designed to parry, or defend, more effectively than a simple dagger form, typically incorporating a wider guard, and often some other defensive features to better protect the hand as well. They may also be used for attack if an opportunity arises. The general category includes two more specific types, the sword breaker and trident dagger.
Colichemarde Type of small sword
Colichemarde is a type of small sword blade that was popular from the late 17th century to the middle 18th century.
Basket-hilted sword Sword with basket-like hand protection
The basket-hilted sword is a sword type of the early modern era characterised by a basket-shaped guard that


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write_coeff file file = name of data file to write out
Write a text format file with the currently defined force field coefficients in a way, that it can be read by LAMMPS with the include command. In combination with the nocoeff option of write_data this can be used to move the Coeffs sections from a data file into a separate file.
The write_coeff command is not yet fully implemented in two respects. First, some pair styles do not yet write their coefficient information into the coeff file. This means you will need to specify that information in your input script that reads the data file, via the pair_coeff command.


Introduction to Strabismus
What Causes Strabismus?
How Is Strabismus Treated?
Is Surgery an Option to Treat Strabismus?
Yes. Surgery to correct strabismus is performed to strengthen or weaken the effect of one or more of the muscles that move the eye. When this procedure is performed on adults, it is usually done under local anesthesia. (The eye is numb, but the patient is awake.)
The surgeon will first make an opening into the outer layer of the eyeball. This allows the surgeon to reach the muscle that will be strengthened or weakened.
Strengthening the muscle means removing a small section from one end and then stitching it back together. This makes the muscle shorter, which tends to turn the eye toward the side of that muscle.
"Weakening" the muscle means making a cut across one end, but not removing any of the muscle to shorten it. Instead, a gap is left where the muscle was cut, and the ends of the muscle are tied back together with a suture (thread). This has the effect of making the muscle longer, which lets the eye turn further away from the side of that muscle.
At the end of the procedure, the surgeon will close the opening in the eye with stitches. The patient will often have double vision for a few weeks after surgery. This goes away as the brain adjusts to the new way of seeing.
Reviewed by the doctors at The Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute.
Portions of this page © The Cleveland Clinic 2000-2004
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A little history of MalivesFirst archaeological study of the remains of early cultures on the Maldives began with the work of H.C.P. Bell, a British commissioner of the Ceylon Civil Service. Bell was shipwrecked on the islands in 1879, and returned several times to investigate ancient Buddhist ruins. He studied the ancient mounds, called havitta or ustubu (these names are derived from chaitiya or stupa) Although Bell asserted that the ancient Maldivians followed Theravada Buddhism, many local Buddhist archaeological remains now in the Malé Museum display in fact Mahayana and Vajrayana iconography.
In the early 11th century the Minicoy and Thiladhunmathi also possibaly other northern Atolls was conquered by the medieval Chola Tamil emperor Raja Raja Chola I, becoming a part of the Chola empire.
According to a legend from the Maldivian Folklore, in the early 12th century AD a medieval prince named Koimala nobleman of the Lion Race from Ceylon, sailed to Rasgetheemu island (literally King's Town) in North Maalhosmadulu Atoll and from there to Malé and established a kingdom there. By then, the Aadeetta (Sun) Dynasty had for sometime ceased to rule in Malé, possibly due to invasions by the Cholas of Southern India in the Tenth Century. The indigenous people in Malé Atoll, the Giraavaru invited Koimala to Malé and permitted him to be proclaimed king. Koimala Kalou (Lord Koimala) reigned as King Maanaabarana, was a king of the Homa (Lunar) Dynasty, which some historians call House of Theemuge. Since Koimala's reign, the Maldive throne was also known as the Singaasana (Lion Throne). Before then, and in some situations since, it was also known as the Saridhaaleys (Ivory Throne). Some Historians accredit Koimala of freeing the Maldives from Tamil Chola rule.
Several foreign travellers, mainly Arabs, had written about a kingdom over the Maldives ruled by a queen. This kingdom pre-dated Koimala's reign. al-Idrisi referring to the writings of earlier writers mentions the name of one of the queens. Her name was Damahaar. She was a member of the Aadeetta (Sun) dynasty. The Homa (Lunar) dynasty sovereigns inter-married with the Aaditta (Sun) Dynasty. This was why the formal titles of Maldive kings until 1968 contained references to "kula sudha ira" which meant "descended from the Moon and the Sun". No official records exist of the Aadeetta dynasty's reign.
The conversion to Islam is mentioned in the ancient edicts written in copper plates from the end of the 12th century AD. There is also a locally well-known legend about a foreign saint (a Persian from the city of Tabriz or a Moroccan Berber according to the versions) who subdued a demon known as Rannamaari. Dhovemi Kalaminja who succeeded Koimala converted to Islam in the year AD 1153. Over the centuries, the islands have been visited and their development influenced by sailors and traders from countries on the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.


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Asset protection associate
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Position Summary...
To create and maintain a secure and effective work environment for all customers, associates, visitors and vendors while demonstrating positive and professional behavior at all times. Increase profitability and mitigate shrink caused by financial and Physical loss.
What you'll do...
1. Ensure store security by making daily patrols of the facility, validating doors and showcases are secure and functioning properly.
2. Make external arrests when necessary.
3. Investigate instances of financial and physical shrink and communicate findings to Store Leadership and in cases of an internal case matter communication to the Market Loss Prevention Manager first.
4. Support store evacuation procedures in case of fire or other emergency.
5. Participate in store task team responsibilities as required.
6. Conduct/Support investigations as assigned including, but not limited to, instances of internal theft and/or dishonesty, matters relating to external organized retail crime, and cases as assigned through Walmart Canada Global Ethics, in a timely and thorough manner and in accordance with Walmart Canada policies.
7. Required to communicate information from different sources and effectively clarify issues for others, often presenting different perspectives.
8. Other responsibilities may be added to this position as the needs and requirements of the Company increase.
Minimum Qualifications...
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animals cheetah preys on depends where in the world it lives.
Groups of males hunting together will sometimes take on larger animals.
Another major difference between lions and cheetahs is that cheetahs hunt mostly during the day whereas lions tend to hunt at night.
The cheetah doesn't hunt in large packs the way lions do.
Because cheetahs are much more solitary animals, they need to rely on stealth and speed to catch their prey – they can't use cooperative attacks with big numbers of attackers the way lions do.
This is why the cheetah's camouflage (its spots, which help it blend in and hide in the tall grass) is so important. Mother cheetahs typically do all their hunting alone, whereas male groups will act as a team – but again, the group size doesn't usually exceed two or three.
A lion pride, by contrast, can often number up to 20.
Cheetah Facts: Cheetah Enemies
We often think of big cats like the cheetah having no enemies, but that's not true.
The cheetah's biggest enemy is the species that has been called by some the'most dangerous animal on the planet': human beings.
Not only through hunting of cheetahs for their skins over many years, but more importantly through habitat destruction.
The biggest reason cheetahs are so rare in the Middle East and Asia nowadays is the simple lack of habitat as human beings continue to destroy our natural surroundings and disrupt ecosystems.
Unfortunately, many farmers in Africa also blame cheetahs for killing livestock like goats, and will shoot cheetahs on sight because of this.
This is a huge problem with some sub-species of cheetah now numbering less than 500 in the wild.
But cheetahs are also vulnerable to attack from those other famous big cats, the lions. Lions are much bigger and more powerful than cheetahs, and although cheetahs can outrun a single lions, the way lions work together as a pack can make them very dangerous for a lone cheetah or some unprotected cheetah cubs.
The biggest way in which lions affect cheetahs is through food theft. Lions will wait for a cheetah to make a kill – and then move in a steal it.
A cheetah is not willing to fight a pack of lions over some food, so the cheetah usually abandons the kill. But more generally, lions and cheetahs are often competing in the same territory for the same food sources, which makes it harder for cheetahs to catch the food they need.
Another animal that has a tendency to steal cheetah kills is the hyena.
Like lions, hyenas work together in groups, but unlike lions hyenas don't tend to catch their own food. Their survival strategy is based around stealing and scavenging food from other predators. African wild dogs, which are similar to hyenas, are also a threat to the cheetah.
The leopard – the animal many people tend to confuse with a cheetah, because of its spots – is also a threat to cheetahs. As you'll recall from above, the leopard is much larger and stronger than the cheetah.
Not only do they compete with food, but leopards will sometimes kill cheetah cubs.
One other enemy of the cheetah you might not expect is the eagle. Eagles, because of their excellent eyesight and their ability to swoop down on their prey, can be a huge threat to unprotected cheetah cubs.
It's estimated that over 9 out of 10 cheetah cubs die in their first few weeks of life, killed off largely by hyenas and wild dogs, leopards, lions and eagles.
 How Many Types of Cheetah Are There?
cheetah facts juvenile gepardCheetahs are only considered to be one species, but they can be broken down into six different sub-species.
However, some cheetah experts believe there's not enough difference between some of these sub-species to deserve splitting them up.
The differences are very tiny, and include things like the length of a cheetah's fur.
However, one sub-species that is well recognized is the king cheetah because it has a very different spot pattern from other cheetahs.
In particular, the king cheetah can be recognized by the three solid back stripes that run along its back.
King cheetahs are very rare.
Other cheetah types include the Asiatic cheetah and the Sahara cheetah.
As you might guess from the names, much of what makes these cheetahs unique has to do with where they live. The Asiatic cheetah is found in Iran and it also known as the Iranian cheetah.
They are classified as critically endangered, with less than 100 left in the wild.
The cheetah is currently classified as 'vulnerable' by major species protection organizations.
Many people think it would be tragic if cheetahs were to disappear, but that it won't affect humans in any major way.
But they don't understand the full impact extinctions of animals have for every other living thing on Earth.
Because every animal is part of an 'ecosystem,' taking one or two species out of the system can threaten every other species because it changes the balance of nature. This alters the food chain and has big impacts on other animals including humans – we are still a part of nature, even though some people like to think otherwise!
This is why it's so important to preserve species and make sure creatures like the cheetah don't become extinct.
African Cheetahs of the Sahara
The Sahara cheetah is a particularly unique sub-species.
The more common name for it these days is the Northwest African cheetah.
It's unusual because all other sub-species of cheetah are not able to survive in the extremely harsh conditions of the Sahara Desert. This cheetah is able to survive by hunting at night rather than day time as most cheetahs do, so it doesn't have to suffer from the scorching desert sun during the day.
But beyond the simple fact of where it lives, these big cats look at lot different from other cheetahs – in fact, at first glance you would think you were looking at a skinny female lion rather than a cheetah. Sahara cheetahs have very faint spots and no spots at all on some parts of their bodies.
Like the Asiatic cheetah, the Sahara cheetah is classified as critically endangered. There are only 250 of these cheetahs left in the wild.
Cheetahs and Humans Throughout the Ages
The relationship between cheetahs and humans is a long one, stretching back as far as 5000 years into the past by some estimates. At the page, Cheetah Pictures you will find a drawing of a tamed cheetah in Ancient Egypt
Royalty in Africa and India used to keep cheetahs as pets and give them to each other as gifts – live cheetahs, as well as cheetah skins, were seen as a sign of high status.
A king in India kept around 1000 cheetahs in a stable at one time, using them for hunting.
cheetah facts asiatic cheetahs used for huntingAlthough cheetahs have at times been kept as pets, it's important to understand that they have never been domestic animals in the sense of the cats and dogs we keep at home these days and farm animals like cows and pigs.
Many animals can be tamed enough to interact with humans (such as lions in circus shows) but this does not mean they are domestic animals.
It takes many decades of careful breeding to get animals to a point where they are truly'safe' to keep as pets. This was demonstrated quite well when the famous Las Vegas magician Roy Horn was attacked by one of his trained white tigers.
More Fun and Interesting Cheetah Information
Not enough cheetah facts for you yet? Here are some more strange tidbits of cheetah information to increase your knowledge even further:
 Cheetahs can see their prey from up to 3 miles away (about 5 kilometers)
 The black lines that run down a cheetah's face from the eyes are called 'tear marks' (this is another way to tell the difference between leopards and cheetahs)
 Cheetahs usually hunt in the morning and evening, as the sun rises and sets
 The scientific name for cheetahs is 'Acinonyx jubatus'
 Cheetahs use their tails for balance and'steering' when they sprint, the same way a boat uses a rudder
 Just like your everyday house cat, cheetahs 'purr'
Now you can impress all your friends and family with your amazing list of cheetah facts!
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text:
to
department_id to yield a list of employees in a set of departments.
Alternatively, the SQL predicate
IN can be evaluated using an anti-join to subtract two sets. Thus,
department_id can be anti-joined to
department_id to select all employees who are not in a set of departments, and you can get a list of all employees who are not in the shipping or receiving departments.
For a specific query, place the
NL_SJ hint into the
HASH_SJ uses a hash semi-join,
MERGE_SJ uses a sort merge semi-join, and
NL_SJ uses a nested loop semi-join.
SELECT * FROM departments WHERE exists (SELECT /*+HASH_SJ*/ * FROM employees WHERE employees.department_id = departments.department_id AND salary > 200000);
This converts the subquery into a special type of join between
t2 that preserves the semantics of the subquery. That is, even if there is more than one matching row in
t2 for a row in
t1, the row in
t1 is returned only once.
A subquery is evaluated as a semi-join only with these limitations:
Oracle9i SQL Reference for more information about joins
The hints described in this section determine how statements are parallelized or not parallelized when using parallel execution.
Oracle9i Data Warehousing Guide for more information on parallel execution
PARALLEL hint lets you specify the desired number of concurrent servers that can be used for a parallel operation. The hint applies to the
DELETE portions of a statement, as well as to the table scan portion.
The number of servers that can be used is twice the value in the
If any parallel restrictions are violated, then the hint is ignored.
PARALLEL hint must use the table alias, if an alias is specified in the query. The hint can then take two values, separated by commas after the table name. The first value specifies the degree of parallelism for the given table, and the second value specifies how the table is to be split among the Oracle Real Application Clusters instances. Specifying
DEFAULT or no value signifies that the query coordinator should examine the settings of the initialization parameters to determine the default degree of parallelism. In the following example, the
PARALLEL hint overrides the degree of parallelism specified in the
employees table definition:
In the next example, the
PARALLEL hint overrides the degree of parallelism specified in the
employees table definition and tells the optimizer to use the default degree of parallelism determined by the initialization parameters. This hint also specifies that the table should be split among all of the available instances, with the of parallelism on each instance.
NOPARALLEL hint overrides a
PARALLEL specification in the table clause. In general, hints take precedence over table clauses.
The following example illustrates the
PQ_DISTRIBUTE hint improves the performance of parallel join operations. Do this by specifying how rows of joined tables should be distributed among producer and consumer query servers. Using this hint overrides decisions the optimizer would normally make.
PLAN statement to identify the distribution chosen by the optimizer. The optimizer ignores the distribution hint, if both tables are serial.
table_nameis the name or alias of a table to be used as the inner table of a join.
outer_distributionis the distribution for the outer table.
inner_distributionis the distribution for the inner table.
Oracle9i Database Concepts for more information on how Oracle parallelizes join operations
There are six combinations for table distribution. Only a subset of distribution method combinations for the joined tables is valid, as explained in Table 5-1.
Maps the rows of each table to consumer query servers, using a hash function on the join keys. When mapping is complete, each query server performs the join between a pair of resulting partitions. This hint is recommended when the tables are comparable in size and the join operation is implemented by hash-join or sort merge join.
All rows of the outer table are broadcast to each query server. The inner table rows are randomly partitioned. This hint is recommended when the outer table is very small compared to the inner table. As a general rule, use the Broadcast/None hint when inner table size * number of query servers > outer table size.
All rows of the inner table are broadcast to each consumer query server. The outer table rows are randomly partitioned. This hint is recommended when the inner table is very small compared to the outer table. As a general rule, use the None/Broadcast hint when inner table size * number of query servers < outer table size.
Maps the rows of the outer table, using the partitioning of the inner table. The inner table must be partitioned on the join keys. This hint is recommended when the number of partitions of the outer table is equal to or nearly equal to a multiple of the number of query servers; for example, 14 partitions and 15 query servers.
Note: The optimizer ignores this hint if the inner table is not partitioned or not equijoined on the partitioning key.
Maps the rows of the inner table using the partitioning of the outer table. The outer table must be partitioned on the join keys. This hint is recommended when the number of partitions of the outer table is equal to or nearly equal to a multiple of the number of query servers; for example, 14 partitions and 15 query servers.
Note: The optimizer ignores this hint if the outer table is not partitioned or not equijoined on the partitioning key.
Each query server performs the join operation between a pair of matching partitions, one from each table. Both tables must be equipartitioned on the join keys.
For example: Given two tables,
s, that are joined using a hash-join, the following query contains a hint to use hash distribution:
To broadcast the outer table
r, the query is:
column list/*+ORDERED PQ_DISTRIBUTE(s BROADCAST, NONE) USE_HASH (s) */ FROM r,s WHERE r.c=s.c;
PARALLEL_INDEX hint specifies the desired number of concurrent servers that can be used to parallelize index range scans for partitioned indexes.
tableis the name or alias of the table associated with the index to be scanned.
indexis the index on which an index scan is to be performed (optional).
The hint can take two values, separated by commas after the table name. The first value specifies the degree of parallelism for the given table. The second value specifies how the table is to be split among the Oracle Real Application Clusters instances. Specifying
DEFAULT or no value signifies the query coordinator should examine the settings of the initialization parameters to determine the default degree of parallelism.
In this example, there are three parallel execution processes to be used on each of two instances.
NOPARALLEL_INDEX hint overrides a
PARALLEL attribute setting on an index to avoid a parallel index scan operation.
Several additional hints are included in this section:
APPEND hint lets you enable direct-path
INSERT if your database is running in serial mode. Your database is in serial mode if you are not using Enterprise Edition. Conventional
INSERT is the default in serial mode, and direct-path
INSERT is the default in parallel mode.
INSERT, data is appended to the end of the table, rather than using existing space currently allocated to the table. As a result, direct-path
INSERT can be considerably faster than conventional
NOAPPEND hint enables conventional
INSERT by disabling parallel mode for the duration of the
INSERT statement. (Conventional
INSERT is the default in serial mode, and direct-path
INSERT is the default in parallel mode).
CACHE hint specifies that the blocks retrieved for the table are placed at the most recently used end of the LRU list in the buffer cache when a full table scan is performed. This option is useful for small lookup tables.
In the following example, the
CACHE hint overrides the table's default caching specification:
NOCACHE hint specifies that the blocks retrieved for the table are placed at the least recently used end of the LRU list in the buffer cache when a full table scan is performed. This is the normal behavior of blocks in the buffer cache.
Starting with Oracle9i, Release 2 (9.2), small tables are automatically cached, according to the criteria in Table 5-2.
|Table Size||Size Criteria||Caching|
Number of blocks < 20 or 2% of total cached blocks, whichever is larger
Larger than a small table, but < 10% of total cached blocks
Oracle decides whether to cache a table on the basis of its table scan and workload history. It caches the table only if a future table scan is likely to find the cached blocks.
> 10% of total cached blocks
Automatic caching of small tables is disabled for tables that are created or altered with the
UNNEST hint specifies subquery unnesting. Subquery unnesting unnests and merges the body of the subquery into the body of the statement that contains it, allowing the optimizer to consider them together when evaluating access paths and joins.
UNNEST hint is used, Oracle first verifies if the statement is valid. If the statement is not valid, then subquery unnesting cannot proceed. The statement must then must pass a heuristic test.
UNNEST hint tells Oracle to check the subquery block for validity only. If the subquery block is valid, then subquery unnesting is enabled without Oracle's checking the heuristics.
Use of the
NO_UNNEST hint turns off unnesting for specific subquery blocks.
PUSH_PRED hint forces pushing of a join predicate into the view.
SELECT /*+ PUSH_PRED(v) */ t1.x, v.y FROM t1 (SELECT t2.x, t3.y FROM t2, t3 WHERE t2.x = t3.x) v WHERE t1.x


text:
The H2P2 histopathology platform team have been mastering immunohistochemical staining and multiplexing for more than 15 years. With Cell DIVE technology, they offer the scientific community the opportunity to perform hyperplex labeling with up to 50 labels on a single tissue section. Simplicity of implementation, combined with an original acquisition system, makes this technology especially valuable in immuno-oncology research.
Cell DIVE technology allows researchers to investigate crucial topics such as lymphoma cell heterogeneity and the nature of relapses and therapeutic resistance. How lymphoma cell heterogeneity influences the response to their microenvironment can be studied at mutational, transcriptomic, and protein levels. However, because protein expression studies provide the most relevant information about the nature of cellular interactions and protein expression levels, Cell DIVE makes it possible to address these topics in the context of immunological synapse spatial organization.
In this webinar, you will discover:
- How the hyperplex workflow can be applied for studying multiple proteins from the same cancer tissue;
- More about the technical aspects of the hyperplex workflow;
- How Cell DIVE technology enables spatial profiling;
- Why image analysis in immuno-oncology is important.
Nicolas Mouchet, PhD
Université de Rennes
David Pointu, PhD
Senior Application Manager
Cell DIVE and Translational Research


6 Questions to Ask at Freshman Orientation
Learn what parents and students should ask at summer orientations.
By and SHARE
America's Best Colleges 2008. Washington Univ. of St. Louis Campus Tour.
This summer, college students all across the country will be attending various orientations at the schools they'll be attending in the fall. Many eager parents will be attending those same orientations alongside their children.
Summer orientations provide a wealth of information, but you can get even more out of them if you arrive prepared with questions to ask the school professionals that you'll meet.
[Learn how to make a smooth transition to college.]
Attending freshman orientation with your child can feel a little like going back to school yourself. Lindsey's school, the University of Kanas, even presented parents with a large, three-ring binder upon arrival at orientation.
Once at orientation, the information starts coming fast and furious, and you may arrive back home to discover that you didn't get the answer to the one pressing question that you had going in. Preparing a list of questions beforehand and making sure each one gets answered—either in a session you attend or by you seeking out the right person to ask—will make sure that your orientation is a good one.
[Find out how to prepare for moving into college.]
Here are a few questions I suggest:
1. How can I see my student's grades? Students are legally adults and, therefore, the school will be communicating with them, and not you. That often comes as a surprise to parents who are footing the bill.
However, your student can probably give you permission to see their grades, talk to the bursar's office about finances, etc. If that's an arrangement you want to have, you'll need to find out your school's process and complete it with your child.
2. What types of insurance does the student health center accept? Colleges and universities are no different from other healthcare providers. You'll need to find out if your health insurance is accepted by them and what the process is for copayments, filing a claim, etc.
Be sure to go over all of this with your child before he or she leaves for school. College often represents the first time students are in charge of their own healthcare, which can make it especially confusing for them.
3. How are housing and tuition payments made? If you are a first-time college parent, you may be wondering when tuition and housing payments are due and whether or not there are payment plans available. If you still have those questions at the time of orientation, this is a great time to find out the details.
[Get tips on paying for college.]
This year I was hired as an orientation assistant at my school, which means I've spent the last two weeks learning everything there is to know about KU, advising, and the orientation process.
Far from clarifying my questions, this training has shown me just how complicated the orientation and enrollment process can be, and how important it is to be prepared when going in.
Some students will fly through the day with ease, but others will need extra help along the way. Here are some of the most important questions I'd ask your orientation staff:
4. Can I tour my residence hall? During official college visits, oftentimes only one residence hall—the most recently renovated, usually—will be open for housing tours. During orientation, however, many residence halls may be open for tours, which will allow you to see exactly what kind of room, bathroom, and other spaces you'll be living in this fall.
5. How do I sign up for or indicate interest in a specific club or organization? At KU orientation, we give students a list of many clubs and organizations and allow them to check which groups they're interested in. This way the leaders of these groups receive their contact information and can start reaching out to interested students regarding application processes, meeting times, etc.
Whether your school does it this way or some other way, use the excitement of orientation to get involved even before you set foot on campus.
6. How do I follow up with my adviser if I have questions down the road? Chances are you'll remember another question after orientation and want to contact who was advising you during that day. Make sure to get the contact information of the advisers who are helping you with your course selection. That way, if you get home and forget why you enrolled in certain courses, you can follow up with that person.


text: We consider a hypercube view to perceive the label space of multilabel classification problems geometrically. The view allows us not only to unify many existing multilabel classification approaches but also design a novel algorithm, principal label space transformation (PLST), that captures key correlations between labels before learning. The simple and efficient PLST relies on only singular value decomposition as the key step. We derive the theoretical guarantee of PLST and evaluate its empirical performance using real-world data sets. Experimental results demonstrate that PLST is faster than the traditional binary relevance approach and is superior to the modern compressive sensing approach in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.


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Question 80: Prayer At The Earliest Hour
Question: In order to prove the merit of praying at the earliest hour some scholars have said that Imam az-Zaman (a.s.) prays at this time and then people who pray at this hour their prayer is also accepted by Allah due to the barakah (bounty) of the prayer of Imam (a.s.).
But we also know that different areas fall in different time zones. Leave alone the different countries sometimes one country has many times zones. In this condition only the prayer of the people of that area is with Imam (a.s.) where he is praying. Apart from this the Prayer timings of other people cannot be same as that of Imam (a.s.). How can we solve this problem?
Answer: Those who have presented this argument to prove the merit of praying at the earliest hour, they mean to say that the prayer which is prayed the earliest hour those prayers are equal to the prayers with Imam (a.s.) because he (a.s.) also prays at the earliest hour. And it is due to this equal value, the prayers of others are also accepted by Allah.
This is in no way connected to the matter of time zones etc. In other words it does not mean that prayers have to be performed at one single time. Rather it denotes the fact that all the Prayers have been performed at their respective earliest hours, which every person performs according to his time zone.
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For people outside the Jewish tradition, and even for some inside of it, a bar mitzvah can be confusing. A pivotal life event for young Jewish men, a bar mitzvah is something most boys never forget.
Here's everything you've ever wondered about what a bar mitzvah is.
Why Do Families Hold Bar Mitzvahs?
According to Jewish tradition, boys are no longer considered minors when they reach the age of thirteen. On this birthday, they become men and are held responsible for fulfilling the Torah's commandments and upholding its laws. Bar mitzvah means "son of the commandment," and is a celebration held to help a young man pass become an adult who is obligated to observe the mitzvah.
While bar mitzvahs as most people know them are a large party, this rite of passage is automatic, and doesn't require a celebration to be official.
What Happens During a Bar Mitzvah?
Almost universally, a bar mitzvah starts with a ceremony in a synagogue. This ceremony welcomes the young man into adulthood and initiates him into the rites of passage, opportunities, and responsibilities of Jewish tradition. It bears noting that some traditions vary between communities, but the foundational structure is the same virtually everywhere you go.
How is a Bar Mitzvah Different from a Bat Mitzvah?
The primary difference between a bar and a bat Mitzvah is that, while a bar mitzvah is held for a Jewish boy aged thirteen years, a Bat Mitzvah is held for a Jewish girl who is twelve years and one day old. "Bat" means daughter in Aramaic and Hebrew, while "mitzvah" means commandment or law.
While the rites of passage are basically the same, some traditions may vary depending on the community and family celebrating the event. When a person wants to find a gender-neutral way to refer to either, the words b nai mitzvah are used.
What Traditions Do You See at a Bar Mitzvah?
Bar MitzvahBar Mitzvahs have several standard traditions and components. These are as follows:
The Mitzvah of Tefillin. Tefillin are boxes made of black leather. Inside, there are parchments which are inscribed with certain biblical passages. According to the Torah, Jewish men must bind these parchments onto their upper arms and head with leather straps upon reaching adulthood. These Tefillin will be worn during weekday morning prayers from this moment on. A boy's bar mitzvah is the first time he will put on the Tefillin, and the receipt of them is a special honor bestowed upon the new adult by his parents or grandparents.
The Aliyah. The Aliyah is the practice of reciting a blessing over the Torah. Generally, a boy is honored with his first Aliyah on his bar mitzvah. This involves the boy being called up to the location of the Torah, and knowing which blessings he will need to read aloud before and after the ceremony.
A Party. The most memorable part of many bar mitzvahs is the party. These parties generally take place right after a synagogue ceremony and include music, dancing, and feasting.
Speeches. During the bar mitzvah party, the young man celebrating his adulthood will deliver a speech. This speech generally includes a piece of his weekly Torah portion and the announcement of a Mitzvah project, wherein the boy will research one of the Torah's 613 Mitzvahs in-depth.
A Critical Rite of Passage
In the Jewish tradition, few things are more important or joyous than a bar mitzvah. A chance for the entire family to come together and celebrate a young man and his commitment to the Jewish faith, a bar mitzvah is as important for the parents and grandparents of a boy as it is for the boy himself. Steeped in tradition and honor, these events are truly unforgettable.


text:
Definition of Charlie
- the Viet Cong in Vietnam during and the American Vietnamese war. The original name Viet Cong was shortened to "v c" then named "Victor Charlie", the names indicating v and c in the American military alphabet, by the American military, then shortened to "Charlie" by the common soldier as it was easier and quicker to say especially in the time of combat.
|+||Add a definition for this slang term|
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|Definitions include: US Army phonetics for "CF", an acronym of cluster fuck.|
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Average of 20 votes: 22% (See the most vulgar words.)
Your vote: None (To vote, click the pepper. Vote how vulgar the word is – not how mean it is.)
To link to this term in a web page or blog, insert the following.
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Some wikis use a different format for links, so be sure to check the documentation.


text:
Raising awareness of threats to coral reefs and providing information and tools to manage coastal habitats more effectively.
This report provides a new approach to integrating spatial data on poverty and ecosystems in Kenya. It is endorsed by five Permanent Secretaries in Kenya and with a Foreword by Wangari Maathai (recipient of the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize).
Explores six challenges – water scarcity, climate change, habitat change, biodiversity loss and invasive species, overexploitation of oceans, and nutrient overloading – and discusses their implications for business and examples of corporate responses.
Ecosystems are—or can be—the wealth of the poor. For many of the 1.1 billion people living in severe poverty, nature has always been a daily lifeline—an asset for those with few other material assets.


text:
What is the rule for using the "passive se" (e.g. "¿Cómo se dice?") with a reflexive verb that involves another se pronoun? For example, how would you translate "One takes a shower (ducharse) frequently in hot weather."? Do the two se pronouns simply combine into one?
|show 3 more comments|
The two pronouns just combine in one:
"One takes a shower frequently in hot weather" --> Se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor.
She takes a shower frequently in hot weather --> (Ella) se ducha frecuentemente cuando hace calor.
As far as I know there is no "passive se".
As others have introduced, there are mainly two uses for "se".
However, in the case of reflexive verbs, the third person changes and "se" is used in the third person (both singular and plural) instead of the corresponding "le" or "les".
If you speak German, also a Germanic language like English, this case applies exactly in the same way:
I guess your doubt is the following: can a reflexive verb (which uses the "se" particle) be combined with the impersonal "se" (what you call "the passive se") in the same sentence?
Hope this helps.
I'm posting a new answer since I misunderstood and needed some more room than a comment.
In English you use an auxiliary verb "do" in "How does one shave?", but in Spanish you don't. There is only one verb in the sentence "¿Cómo se afeita uno?". We could get in an deep debate about where that "se" comes from, but I think it's safe and easy to just assume it's a fixed impersonal particle. Thinking it is a verb does not help and confuses more.
The first "se" is therefore just the "impersonal se".
Think about how you ask impersonal "how to" questions with "se" in Spanish:
That's just a fixed formula.
A small break here that hope clarifies the thing about "se" in reflexive verbs, which is not so special after all.
In a general sentence we have a subject + verb (action) + direct object (what) + indirect object (receiver).
As you know, you can substitute both direct and indirect object for pronouns.
Which in Spanish can be tricky because not only is the order of the sentence altered but there is also an exception. This is the case of the indirect object "le" (to him / to her) that changes to "se" when both a direct and indirect object pronouns are present in the same sentence.
If you only use a pronoun for the indirect object, you say:
But if you use both pronouns, instead of the logical:
Which is incorrect, "le" is changed to avoid the le-la "cacophony" (bad sound):
This is where the infamous third person "se" for the indirect object comes from.
Reflexive verbs are not so special after all. It just happens that the receiver of the action (indirect object) is the same as the performer (subject), so logically speaking they are simply a normal verb with an indirect object pronoun sticked to them to mark that they can be applied to oneself.
"Ducharse" is just a special case of "duchar" (you can "duchar a alguien" / shower somebody). Ducharse just means that this verb can be applied to oneself, and the one who's being showered is the same as "the showerer" :):
But that sounds weird so we just use reflexive pronouns (which as you see have a lot to do with indirect object personal pronouns), that in the third person is "se" to clarify that te showering is to oneself, not to a third person.
And now, back to the original answer.
Remember the general impersonal form of asking "how to"?
Why should reflexive verbs be special? We just say "uno" (meaning "un hombre", "uno a sí mismo") just like in English you say "oneself".
If it's referred specifically to a girl, then "una" is generally used:
Pfew. Hope it's clear now.
I just wanted to make clear where the "reflexive se" comes from and what the relation is.
I don't understand it either. You use "se" mostly when the subject performs actions on itself or if you want to make an impersonal statement like "It's said" --> "Se dice".


Albanian National Archives
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The Albanian National Archives (Albanian: Arkivi Qëndror i Shtetit or A.Q.SH) is the official archives of the Republic of Albania. It maintains important papers about Albania. It is in the city of Tirana and has smaller archives around the country. It was started in 1949.[1] It used to be ran by the Party of Labour of Albania, who ran the country. They were Communists. They stopped running the country in 2001 and the Swiss Federal Archives had to help the Albanian National Archives become up to date, because it's collections were damaged and the archives had no computers to help people find papers it has. By 2004, it's collections were fixed and it had computers and people could easily find what they were looking for.[2] The archives had many very important historical documents, including the Codex Beratinus,[3] Codex Beratinus II,[3] and version of the New Testament called the Elbasan Gospel Manuscript.[4] In 2011, the archives started working with the World Digital Library, who puts the archives photographs and books on their website so more people can see them.[5][6]
References[change | change source]
Other websites[change | change source]


How Many Hours Does a Puppy Sleep at Night?
How Many Hours Does a Puppy Sleep at Night?
One minute, your fur baby will be all over the place playing and wagging his tail, the next one would find him sound asleep on the grass.
Does he sleep way too much? Is everything okay with him? Perhaps he eats too much or he is under the weather?
These are some of the questions that new pet owners grapple with after bringing home a brand new puppy. If you fit the description, you are in good company.
Caring for a puppy for the very first time can be quite overwhelming. This is the reason we've decided to address the question of how long a puppy can sleep at night.
If you have a puppy of anywhere from 8 weeks to 6 months, you'll learn a thing or two about his sleep needs and a few bonus tips.
So, how many hours does a puppy need to sleep a night?
According to the American Kennel Club (AKC), a puppy can sleep for anything between 18 and 20 hours a day. This includes 14-16 hours of nighttime sleep and 2-6 hours of daytime naps.
Like newborns, puppies need plenty of sleep to grow and develop. While sleeping, your canine baby will develop his central nervous system, muscles, and bones. His immune system will also get a major boost as he snoozes away.
Additionally, these little creatures are much more playful than their adult counterparts. Every waking hour of a puppy is spent in burning energy. Consequently, they would require more hours to rest and recharge.
As he grows older, your dog will sleep a lot less during the day. Since he will get better at holding his bladder, he will also enjoy uninterrupted sleep at night.
How much do puppies sleep at 8 weeks?
An 8-week old puppy has a few things on his mind—eating, sleeping, eliminating, drinking, and playing. His life basically revolves around these activities.
Thankfully, by this age, your fur baby will be intelligent enough to master a few habits. This is because he becomes more interested and aware of his environment.
He's still a baby, so he'll require 18-20 hours of sleep every day. He will exhaust about four hours of these during daytime snoozes and the rest at night.
At only 8 weeks, your fur baby is not potty trained. His bladder is pretty small as well, so he will need to pee every three hours.
If he sleeps a total of 14 hours at night, he will take around four bathroom breaks before sunrise. To help him sleep better, it might be a good idea to train him to use a crate.
Vet experts claim that puppies tend to hold their bladders longer when they sleep in confined spaces. If you don't have a crate, create a perimeter of some sort in the bathroom or pet playroom.
While you are at it, ensure the environment is sleep-friendly. Kill the light and sounds of other pets and children.
You might want to create a solid bedtime routine and stick to it.
Finally, be prepared for accidents, mistakes, and inconveniences. Your fur baby is just out of infancy. He's learning how things work in his world.
Be kind to him during the training and give treats after successful milestones.
How much do puppies sleep at 10 weeks?
There's a very small difference between an eight-week and a ten-week-old puppy.
At 10 weeks old, he will still need 18-20 hours of sleep every day, with 14-16 hours of nighttime sleep. Provide a warm and comfortable crate for him to retire.
By now, he should respond better to potty training. You will realize that he's beginning to understand what is required of him and would try to do right by you.
Let him play more during the day, stop eating and drinking an hour before bedtime, and take him out first thing in the morning.
How much do puppies sleep at 14 weeks?
Your adorable puppy is growing fast. His immune system is more mature now. He's now comfortable in his new home.
Although his body is now bigger than it was when he was 8 weeks old, your dog is technically still a baby.
On average, he will need a minimum of 16 hours of rest to recharge. Some days he will take longer and frequent naps during the day especially when he's going through a growth spurt.
Other days, he will make it through the night with a single short nap and make it up at night. At no time should he go for 24 hours without sleeping for at least 15 hours.
Lucky for you, puppies at 14 weeks have developed intellectually. If you began house training him at 8 weeks, he will be done with his training by now.
Plus, he can hold his bladder for longer. This implies that a 14-week old puppy would need one or two bathroom breaks in the middle of the night.
The good news is that most of them have an easier time eliminating in the right spots during bathroom breaks.
In case you just got the puppy home for the first time, just begin training him on where to pee and poo and at what time. Soon, he will be in the wing of things.
How much do puppies sleep at 16 weeks?
The 16th-week mark is an extraordinary age for most puppies.
To begin with, this marks the end of the socialization period. According to Dr. Ian Dunbar, an expert vet and animal behaviorist, the socialization window for most puppies is between four and 16 weeks.
Fortunately, if you haven't yet socialized with your canine baby by now, you can try what we call remedial socialization that will help you bond with your pup nonetheless.
Secondly, 16-year old puppies begin to develop some adult hair and lose their baby teeth.
In regard to sleep, your dog can now comfortably sleep throughout the night. He has more control of his bladder and can have a night of uninterrupted sleep for longer.
Remember that every dog is unique. Your baby may still soil his crate once or twice at this age. Be patient; he will soon outgrow the habit.
Generally, puppies who are 16 weeks old can sleep anywhere from 10-13 hours a night.
How much do puppies sleep at 20 weeks?
At 4-5 months, your puppy will have fully grasped potty training. If not, he will usually be close. He can also comfortably sleep in his crate throughout the night.
Depending on his activity level and where he is development-wise, your dog will need 10-15 hours of sleep every day at four months.
By this age, he will concentrate most of his sleeping at night. However, he will take naps during the day.
Accidents will be nonexistent (or fewer) if you've been house training for a while.
If you stick to your bedtime routine and give him enough exercise during the day, he should sleep for a minimum of 8 hours at night.
How much do puppies sleep at 6 months?
A 6-month-old puppy is making his way into his adolescent years.
During this time, the physical changes are notable.
The teething phase will be over, which means he will chew less.
You will see a drop in his energy levels, a slower rate of growth, and a different personality.
As far as rest is concerned, your puppy will still sleep anywhere from 15-16 hours a day.
He will manage to sleep throughout the night for a minimum of 10 hours.
The Bottom Line
Generally, puppies need lots of sleep. It is a vital part of growth and development.
Rather than disturb your puppy's sleeping habits, find a way to plan it around him.
Make sure he gets as much rest as possible and resist the temptation to wake him up while sleeping.
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Japanese scientists have created a robot that plays air hockey (video)
Not only have Japanese scientists created an air hockey-playing robot, they have created one that will kick the ever-living crap out of you on the air hockey table.
The robot created by scientists at Chiba University's Namiki Lab in Japan has the ability to adapt to its opponent's play, meaning that in a way, it thinks, meaning it has the capacity to own you in air hockey. Isn't that a violation of Isaac Asimov's "Three Laws of Robotics"? No? Well, it should be.
How does the robot adapt, outwit and outsmart its human opponents? Simple. By doing a bunch of stuff you have no chance of understanding, that's how. Via IEEE Spectrum:
So in a sense, by detecting and matching a given playing style, the robot isn't just physically playing the game against you: it's adding a psychological component to the match. A series of experiments showed that the robot was successful in detecting playing behaviors, and forcing them to change their strategies. As a result, players reported that this made the game more exciting, even if they're playing against a robot that is likely going to defeat them.
Got it. Okay, no I don't. So how about we move on to the video of this Robotic Air Hockey Dynamo:
The future is now. It's like how Skynet became self-aware or something. Only with air hockey, instead of, you know, the eradication of humanity as its ultimate goal.
And I, for one, welcome our new air hockey-playing robot overlords. But if some scientist out there is trying to come up with a foosball-playing robot, well, there's going to be trouble. We have to draw the line somewhere.
[H/T Puck Daddy]


Welcome to the World of Trade Publishing
Philip Freeman, May 2007
Most of us in academics spent our graduate school years buried deep in the bowels of some giant research library writing a dissertation no one will ever read. Is it any wonder that we sometimes fantasize about seeing our names on the New York Times best-seller list or dream of national television appearances? ("Why yes, Oprah, Foucault has been a major influence in my work.") If you've ever considered writing a history book for a non-specialist audience, the good news is that you might be able to get it published, but the process will probably be very different from what you imagine. I've never written a best-seller and I doubt I ever will, but a few years ago I had an idea for a historical biography of St. Patrick that launched me into the weird and wonderful world of trade publishing. I'd like to share a few tips I learned along the way.
1. Pick a suitable topic
I know you are passionate about your research on gender roles in the Xin dynasty or Bolivian diplomatic history, but the painful truth is that most people don't care about such topics. You have to pick a subject that will appeal to a wide enough audience to make money for a publisher. This doesn't mean you have to sell out or dumb down your work, just that you have to chose a topic with broad popular appeal. You need to understand that major publishers do value the expertise and credibility that professors bring to a book, but only if you can write for the general public. If you're a specialist in the history of pandemics, consider what you could say about the Avian Flu. If your field is early American history, see if anyone has written a recent biography of John Quincy Adams.
2. Make you proposal shine
For a non-fiction work, you don't need to have the whole book completed to sign with a publisher. You will, however, need a detailed proposal and at least one sample chapter. In the proposal you'll have to explain why your book is unlike any other in print, what kind of audience you're aiming at, and why it is likely to sell. Avoid academic jargon like the plague. The publisher will also want to know how long you'll need to complete the book. Be realistic, but two or three years is normal.
3. Find a good agent
Major publishers are not likely to even read your proposal for a book unless it is presented to them by a professional literary agent. How do you find such a person? Look at one of the many guides for budding authors in your local bookstore or on similar web sites. They will usually have a list of established agents with the sort of books each handles. If an agent specializes in romantic fiction, don't send them a history proposal. Carefully follow the instructions of each agent and include a stamped, self-addressed envelope if they request it. Expect to send your proposal to dozens of agents before you hear any good news. It took me 58 letters.
4. You won't get rich
Let's say after sending out the proposal you finally get that magic letter from an agent who is willing to represent your book. Don't start planning any tropical cruises yet. Chances are your agent will bounce the proposal off several publishers, one or all of which will turn you down. If you get lucky, your agent will call one afternoon with an offer from the publisher of a few thousand dollars, maybe as high as the low five figures. Enormous advances are for John Grisham and Bill Clinton, not for first-time academics. But say they offer you $20,000—the trick is you don't get it all and you don't get it immediately. A standard 15 percent goes to your agent, then the rest is parceled out over a few years as you sign your contract, turn in your completed draft, and publish the final version. After you get done paying taxes, you might get to actually take home a few thousand a year over three years for all your hard work. Nothing to sneeze at for a poor professor, but not exactly instant riches.
5. Remember your audience
This is the most important rule for trade publishing and the hardest one for academics to follow. We work in a profession where specialized vocabularies, copious footnotes, and hair-splitting arguments are prized. But a retired insurance salesperson from Sacramento doesn't care about any of that. Your readers will simply want a good story told accurately and well. If you are in doubt, find a few nonacademic friends and run your manuscript past them. Your editor will also let you know if you stray too far from the path of clarity, so please trust his or her judgment.
6. Your colleagues may not understand
The Greek poet Callimachus said, "I abhor all public things"—and some of your fellow academics will feel the same way. Think very carefully before you spend your precious time writing a book for the general public, especially if you lack tenure. Enlightened professors will see such writing as an extension of teaching and an important means of outreach, but some colleagues may not.
7. Why hasn't Terry Gross called?
After a few years of writing your book in between grading term papers and serving on college committees, you will finally turn in your completed manuscript to the publisher. Your editor will revise it—thank goodness—and call in a professional indexer (for whom you pay out of your advance). Then at last it will go to press. Your editor will have the publisher's publicity department contact you, but don't expect to see your face on the cover of Newsweek. Publishers reserve their advertising budgets almost exclusively for big-name, proven authors. They will send free copies of your book to media outlets around the country in hope that some will write a review. Chances are a few will like your book and write about it in their Sunday book section. You might get on a local radio program or even NPR, but don't count on it. Unless your book is a potential sensation, you are unlikely to make it into the major media. But be grateful for every newspaper in rural Iowa that publishes a review of your book. When it's all over, then you can start to think about your next book. Welcome to the world of trade publishing.
—Philip Freeman is chair of the Classics Department at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa. His books St. Patrick of Ireland and The Philosopher and the Druids are published by Simon & Schuster.


text:
because it has infinite linearly dependent elements? is that right?
You need to be more formal. If (continous functions) were to be a finite dimensionsal vector space then every subspace would be finite dimensional also, with a smaller degree (this is a theorem). But then (polynomials functions) would be finite dimensional. But that is impossible. Why?
because P is a subspace of C and P is infinite so C has to also be infinite dimensional? Thanks by the way
Again, why is P[0,1] infinite? You need to be more formal. Here is how you show it cannot have a finite basis. Suppose that P[0,1] has a finite basis where are polynomials. Then it would mean any polynomial in P[0,1] can be expressed in the form. Let be a polynomial with a larger degree then all of the polynomials. Then is impossible because polynomials can only be equal if their have the same coefficients and the same degree, but it is impossible since the degree of f(x) exceedes the RHS.


text:
New York, April 14th, 2022 – BloombergNEF (BNEF) today announced the twelve winners of its 2022 BNEF Pioneers – early-stage companies that are pursuing significant low-carbon opportunities. The winners' innovations fill important gaps that address the challenges of generating 24/7 clean power, achieving net-negative carbon-capture, and decarbonizing aviation. Additionally, BNEF selected three wildcard winners.
Since the inception of the BNEF Pioneers program over a decade ago, cheap, clean technologies such as renewable energy and electric vehicles have seen continuous growth and uptake. Although these technologies have the potential to decarbonize large parts of the world economy, there are still many hurdles to fully achieving net-zero emissions. With this decade being pivotal in reaching long-term decarbonization goals, the Pioneers awards recognize transformative technology solutions that fill some remaining net-zero innovation gaps. This year BNEF called for nominations from companies, non-profits and projects that specifically addressed three climate-tech innovation areas:
- Providing round-the-clock zero-emissions power
- Scaling long-term carbon removal technologies
- Decarbonizing aviation
The competition received over 270 applications from 27 different countries. A team of lead analysts at BloombergNEF evaluated candidates against three criteria: the potential impact on greenhouse gas emissions and the planet, the degree of technology innovation and novelty, and the likelihood of adoption and potential scalability.
The 2022 BNEF Pioneers by challenge:
Challenge 1: Providing round-the-clock zero-emissions power
- Energy Dome (Italy) has invented a CO2 battery to make long-duration energy storage an economically viable proposition.
- Kairos Power (U.S.) has developed a novel advanced nuclear reactor technology to complement renewable energy sources.
- Nuvve (U.S.) offers a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology to manage power among EV batteries and the grid.
- Reactive Technologies (U.K.) helps grid operators, electric utilities, and regulators to measure grid inertia more accurately.
Challenge 2: Scaling long-term carbon removal technologies
- Carbfix (Iceland) captures CO2 and turns it into stone underground in less than two years.
- Climate Robotics (U.S.) develops agricultural implements to produce biochar – a soil amendment that improves soil health while sequestering carbon.
- Verdox's (U.S.) technology removes CO2 from industrial emissions and the air with 70% energy savings versus conventional approaches.
Challenge 3: Decarbonizing aviation
- Twelve (U.S.) transforms captured CO2 into critical chemicals, which can be made into materials and fuels, using a patented CO2 PEM electrolyzer.
- ZeroAvia (U.S.) designs and develops zero-emission, hydrogen-electric aviation powertrains, targeting a 500-mile range for a 10–20 seat aircraft.
- Addionics's (Israel) 3D electrodes increase energy density and power, enhance safety, extend lifetime, and lower cost for lithium-ion batteries with any chemistry.
- Blue Frontier (U.S.) combines efficient building air conditioning products with integral, low-cost energy storage.
- Carbon Clean's (U.K.) technology reduces the costs of carbon capture when compared to existing solutions.
Claire Curry, selection committee co-chair and global head of technology, industry & innovation research at BloombergNEF, commented: "This year we selected three specific areas – 24/7 power, negative carbon removal and decarbonizing aviation – where BNEF believes new technologies must play an important role in decarbonization. We are cognizant of how essential new technologies are for tackling climate change, and how hard it is to scale innovation. Since 2010, this award has been a positive influence on climate-tech innovation, and we believe it is now more urgent than ever to highlight the technology gaps to reaching net-zero and the entrepreneurs addressing them."
While solar, wind and batteries will be able to provide 75% of power demand in the future, other technologies will be essential to reach net-zero. BNEF Pioneers solve these issues in a number of ways, with Reactive Technologies measuring grid inertia to allow more renewables integration, Kairos Power increasing the safety of nuclear power, Nuvve increasing vehicle-to-grid adoption, and Energy Dome allowing for long-term energy storage via CO2 liquefaction.
Carbon removal from the atmosphere and its effective sequestration for long periods of time will increase in importance to meet decarbonization goals. Verdox's new electrochemical direct-air-capture technology allows for energy-efficient carbon removal at any location, Carbfix can sequester captured CO2 in sub-surface stone, and Climate Robotics allows biomass-trapped carbon to be sequestered back into soil as biochar.
Commercial aviation is one of the hardest sectors to abate, as certifications for new aircraft technologies require lengthy processes and take a long time to integrate once certified, given 30+ year lifespans of aircraft. Sustainable aviation fuels are one solution, which Twelve's CO2 electrolyzer and technology can play a key role in producing. Another route is zero-emission fuels aircraft, such as those propelled by hydrogen drivetrains, which ZeroAvia is in the process of constructing.
Alongside these three challenge areas BNEF selected three wildcard winners – innovations that did not fit specifically in the selected challenge areas but each address unique decarbonization issues. Addionics integrates 3D electrodes into batteries, Carbon Clean increases efficiency and decreases the cost of point-source carbon-capture, and Blue Frontier uses load shifting AC units to reduce building emissions.
Quotes from the 2022 BNEF Pioneers:
"Better performing, safer and cheaper batteries are integral to increasing EV adoption and realizing a net zero future. We are deeply honored to receive this recognition for our efforts to build the best battery architecture in the world and unlock the full potential of next-generation chemistries. With the support of our OEM and supplier partners, we look forward to accelerating our product development and laying the groundwork for commercialization in support of global electrification."
Moshiel Biton, CEO, Addionics
"We at Blue Frontier are beyond excited about this recognition. This validates our mission to eliminate the tremendous climate impact of indoor comfort systems. We at Blue Frontier are developing next-generation air conditioners that not only have dramatically higher efficiencies than conventional units, but also intelligently shift their electricity consumption to match grid renewable energy generation, without compromising the comfort of building occupants. Widespread deployment of our units will fundamentally change the load shape of buildings, making them compatible with low-cost net-zero grids. This is an enormous mission and through this award BloombergNEF and its partners are lending us a big hand in helping us achieve it."
Daniel Betts, CEO, Blue Frontier
"We are proud, honored, and grateful to have been selected as a 2022 BNEF Pioneer winner. The award comes at an exciting time for Carbfix, as we work towards implementing our proven technology on a significantly larger scale than before. The potential for applying permanent CO2 mineral storage in basalts around the globe is enormous, and increasingly being recognized. We are very much looking forward to maximizing the impact of the Carbfix technology in coming years."
Edda Aradottir, CEO, Carbfix
"It's an honour to be selected as a 2022 BNEF Pioneer winner – this recognition highlights the critical role carbon capture technologies will play in transitioning to a net zero world. Carbon Clean is revolutionising industrial decarbonisation for essential hard-to-abate industries such as cement, steel, refineries and energy from waste. Our latest breakthrough product, CycloneCC, reduces the size of carbon capture technology by 10x and physical footprint by 5x. Inclusion in the program reinforces the impact we're making to enable capturing 1 billion tonnes of CO2."
Aniruddha Sharma, CEO, Carbon Clean
"We are honored to be selected along with so many amazing companies helping to decarbonize our planet. At Climate Robotics, we are developing solutions to durably sequester atmospheric carbon in the soil as biochar, while improving the economics of commercial row-crop agriculture. By deploying our equipment on farms around the world, we will sustainably increase global soil health while sequestering over 1 billion tonnes of CO2 each year."
Jason Aramburu, CEO, Climate Robotics
"For years, BloombergNEF has been the stand-out information platform in the global energy sector. To be selected by them as a 2022 BNEF Pioneer is not only a huge honor but also a strong validation of our product, the CO2 Battery, of which we are truly proud. We believe that our approach, relying on tried and tested components, combined with a low cost and high efficiency, paves the way for rapid adoption of the CO2 Battery in the global power sector. We believe that the CO2 Battery will help to significantly accelerate the energy transition by replacing baseload fossil fuels with fully dispatchable solar and wind energy."
Claudio Spadacini, CEO, Energy Dome
"Kairos Power is thrilled to be named a 2022 BNEF Pioneer; it's an honor to be the first advanced nuclear company recognized in the award's 13-year history. We believe nuclear power is necessary to fight climate change and we must deliver a cost-competitive and safe technology to achieve our mission of enabling the world's transition to clean energy. Kairos Power's dedicated team is working hard every day to solve difficult problems and accomplish a feat that has never been done before. We are grateful to have BNEF Pioneers award recognition as we progress on our path toward commercialization."
Mike Laufer, CEO, Kairos Power
"We're proud BloombergNEF has named Nuvve a P