Platinum Partner
css,mobile,google wave,social computing,xmpp
Social Computing: Let the Bots Talk!
With connected devices, JavaScript enabled web sites and the extensibility of the XMPP protocol, we are at the beginning of a new breed of applications that are operating in the social context of their owners. Google Wave is just the first well known application doing other-than-chatting things on top of XMPP. LinkedProcess is trying to lay a foundation for a much more general computing and distribution infrastructure for context-aware, social-spreadable and trusted application scenarios that potentially enable users to regain control over their own graph of information and control access to it using social connections.
What is XMPP?
XMPP is an XML instant messaging protocol that was developed by the Jabber foundation, as a reaction to the closed protocols of ICQ, Microsoft Messenger etc etc. It is based on the concepts of
 - server side contact lists (Roster in XMPP terminology)
 - open XML streams between the XMPP server and any connected client once the connection is established
 - every connected XMPP client gets a unique ID (e.g. "") under the common XMPP "bare" ID ( and is uniquely addressable by XMPP packets. This can be used in situations where there is no direct IP number available or it is changing (e.g. mobile devices), making any Internet-connected device addressable as a potential server, with a constant address over time and space - an URI.
 - extensible payloads of XML packets as defined by the XMPP Specification, the most important reflecting the 3 paradigms of asynchronous communication, and supported by all major XMPP servers
 - broadcast ("")
 - one-to-one or one-to-many ("")
 - request/response with acknowledgement (""), similar to the HTTP protocol
 - handling of status, presence of resources and routing of messages to the right receivers by the XMPP servers
 - from the beginning built to scale for the Internet with distributed infrastructure, as explained in this blog post
 - large existing XMPP networks to tap into (GoogleTalk, iChat, Facebook Connect, holding part of your existing social graph in the contact lists) and open XMPP servers to set up your own XMPP network
 - SSL support built into the base specification, distributed server-to-server communication even between XMPP networks like GoogleTalk and iChat.
XMPP principle setup
Why should I care about XMPP?
 - XMPP is the currently most popular infrastructure for instant communication, used by systems like iChat, Google Talk and Google Wave. These are just a few of the possible applications we can do on top of XMPP, Twitter and TiVo are rumored to follow
 - via the use of a server side contact list of peers in any XMPP communication, suddenly there is a social or trust-like aspect to any XMPP conversation between two or more participating systems, users or devices
 - any modern mobile phone, javascript-enabled website, J2ME, Java or Flash-capable home automation device (e.g. BluRay players or media servers) or server application can talk XMPP and thus become a true peer to the other clients, without any new server side infrastructure or cloud service development more than existing XMPP servers for routing via e.g., HTML5 web sockets or various XMPP libraries for JavaScript, ActionScript, for an XMPP server and Smack for Java.
What can we do with this?
Now, with all these characteristics in place, we can look at the different emerging platforms for XMPP communication:
Chat - simple text exchange
This is the simple tracking of presence for XMPP clients and the exchange of only human-readable text messages between them. However, a certain coolness is added by being able to distinguish between different clients logged in under the same XMPP account (e.g. different browser windows logging into GTalk and still sending and receiving in the right window). This has been in use for the past 15 years and is nothing new, even if the clients have gotten lighter and fancier over the years (see figure, talking from the browser to on iChat).
Normal XMPP chat setup
Google Wave - concurrent document editing on steroids
Google Wave is introducing a concept where a central XML document (the Wave), reflecting the total of a conversation, is simultaneously edited by several participants (via XMPP clients) of the conversation at the same time. While the incremental changes are sent to the XMPP Google Wave server for merging into the central Wave, they are at the same time even sent to the other online clients in the Roster of the current conversation just as chat messages, creating the real-time response impression of the Google Wave experience. However, these packages do not contain simple chat but actual machine-data interpreted by special Google Wave clients in e.g. JavaScript (see the Wave Protocol).
Google Wave even supports extensions to its functionality, see this blog post which means that a lot of the infrastructure can be used to e.g. support new functionality and data packets.
Google Wave setup
LinkedProcess - turn any connected device into a server with a social context
LinkedProcess (LoP), driven by Marko Rodriguez and Joshua Shinavier is taking the approach of providing a set of XMPP tags for sending scripts and code snippets from XMPP clients ("LoP Villeins") to other XMPP peers acting as servers ("LoP Farms"), get them executed there and the result sent back. The thought is to be able to speed up the processing aspect of the emerging Semantic Web/Web of Data by moving the processes to the data instead of the usual move of the data to the processor.
One huge application is the processing of the emerging Semantic Web or Linked Data (Tim Berners Lee talks about that at TED 2009) by sending processing instructions to the big servers holding large chunks of this emerging graph structure instead of having to pull all data onto your own device prior to processing it (see the LinkedProcess introduction).
LinkedProcess distributed processing of LinkedData setup
This has a number of interesting aspects:
 - any XMPP capable client (mobile phones, websites etc) can be turned into a server being in direct contact with its peers
 - data can stay at one logical place (e.g. the mobile phone) while others can send scripts to operate to the data in order to get ad-hoc queries executed
 - code can be spread within the social context, so scripts can be shared and spread through the social network of resources and people rapidly, without special installation hassle, giving birth to truly viral "weband mobile only" applications and social networks of both humans, content and hardware
 - the access to the computing resources and data is controlled via the contact list of the XMPP client executing the script. Thus, it is always known who is trying to access the LinkedProcess server
 - via the use of existing or new social chat networks, this extends the social aspect of your contact list to any XMPP speaking resource under your account, persons, devices and software alike.
So, what is social about LinkedProcess?
Well, with all this said, we have suddenly a couple of very interesting concrete scenarios:
1. Personal and Social Could Computing
This is the concept of spreading code to execute on other servers and devices that are available within the social context of the sender - either a number of servers being set up under the same bare account or friends and colleagues providing their resources to others in their social vicinity. E.g. if I want to transcode a HD movie from TED to fit my mobile phone, I could send a script to my home server instructing the server to download the appropriate encoder, download the original high-resolution link and put the result onto a URL and return that to me. Totally Ad Hoc, without any new programs installed in my phone or the server afterwards.
The Social Cloud
2. Totally distributed and viral social apps - my personal Facebook
A user writes, downloads or is recommended a script - "SOClet" (written in e.g. LUA or Python for Android phones, see Android Sctripting Environment) that asks all its friends phones to evaluate if there is any content related to the asking phones owner. If yes, return the URIs of matching content on the friends phones. That results in an aggregated feed on "Pictures of me by my friends, friends statuses etc" - a Facebooklike setup, totally up to every individual to customize and no central storage. Of course if desired there can be a central server as an equal XMPP client in the middle in order to help holding state, much like the Google Wave setup.
Viral apps spreading in the social device context across mobile devices and e.g. web pages
3. Installing servers on phones and other resources
The technical use setup is as the previous one, but here, long running server code is executed on your friends devices and thus, we create new services on top of the LinkedProcess infrastructure, and turn the devices into mini-servers. This serves potential use cases like Opera Unite, although not with a central namespace like Unite but totally distributed. Peter could for instalnce install a script on Maries phone serving an RSS feed back to Peter when he asks for new content every 5 minutes, including the current location. This can easily be displayed as a GeoRSS over a map on Peters phone or used to mash up the feed with other information using e.g. Yahoo Pipes. This could even be done from a web page (e.g. in Facebook), resulting in a Facebook application that talks to the phone directly and can mash up live phone data with the rest of the Facebook data.
4. Privacy and ownership of everybody's personal information
By turning the physical holder of your own data - the phone or your home desktop - into a


[Author Login]
Title:Deriving Pairedness in vP structure: Minimalist yet Optimal
Authors:Kyle Wade Grove, Michael Putnam
Abstract:Minimalist accounts lack a natural theory of markedness, whereas Optimality-Theoretical accounts lack derivational procedure. We argue, then, that neither standard Minimalist nor standard Optimality-Theoretical frameworks enable straightforward, parsimonious accounts of what we call pairedness behavior, where a given language exhibits multiple forms occupying the same niche. We adopt a hybrid OT/MP account, first, to explain the unmarked/marked dichotomy of anticausatives in German, and, second, to explain why languages often exhibit direct and indirect causatives.
Type:Paper/tech report
Article:Version 1


Skip to Content
Trans-Formative Change
March 1, 2011
America's first openly transgender law professor on the power of zines, the sacrifice social movements require, and the limits of legal reform.
Photograph courtesy of Johanna Brieding
In 2002, Spade founded Sylvia Rivera Law Project, the first center of its kind, which provides free legal services to low-income transgender and gender non-conforming people and advocates for policy reform that would eliminate gender expression-based discrimination and violence. The center is a collective. It works from the assumption that economic, racial, and gender issues are inseparable.
Spade asks that we rethink equality. As the Assistant Professor of Law at Seattle University, he's the first openly trans tenure-track law professor in the U.S. (or at least the first that he knows of), but he envisions a movement that de-emphasizes lawsuits, the go-to weapon of American political struggles. Legislation, Spade says, can bring change, but it usually just invites more people into the privileged circle within an unjust system. Violence continues for those, like gender nonconformists, not fully accepted as citizens. Likewise, Spade interrogates the current nonprofit model, one that he argues often adopts and maintains capitalist rules, values and hierarchies.
Spade's writing, and his example, forces his readers, especially those involved in nonprofit work and progressive politics, into vigorous self-reflection. He doesn't allow himself or his audience the comfort of easy answers. There's no dreariness or nihilism to Spade though. He seeks a social transformation that will allow no person to feel impossible.
—Meaghan Winter for Guernica
Guernica: What are some of the limitations of the popular view that trans rights/issues are a subset of gay and lesbian issues?
Dean Spade: I think that that idea comes from some important historical precedent and contemporary experiences. Gender norms and norms about sexuality are very intertwined in our culture, and people targeted for breaking those norms include lots of kinds of queer and trans people, so it makes sense that we would be in a fight together and we've been perceived by people who are targeting us for violence as people who are similar. I think there's a lot of important overlap in that politics that makes a lot of sense.
Lots of gay and lesbian people haven't experienced not having a gender that the government recognizes.
The dilemma is that there are a couple of different trajectories that make that a limitation. One is that since the sixties and seventies a strand emerged in gay and lesbian politics that really looked to divorce itself from trans people and people of color and low-income people and looked to pursue a gay and lesbian politics that is kind of cleaned up and more socially acceptable to existing norms and existing frameworks. And that has meant that there's been a lot of bad blood between people promoting that politics and those they've separated themselves from, including trans people.
Another thing is that on the ground and in daily life, there are some specific issues that trans people face that are different from what non-trans gay and lesbian people face. And so having a politics that doesn't recognize that there are differences in and amongst different people targeted by gender and sexuality norms means you're going to have a politics that doesn't actually address everybody's needs. For example, trans people have a huge set of legal issues around how various government agencies and other entities see our gender, and lots of gay and lesbian people haven't experienced not having a gender that the government recognizes. So if we just pursue a politics that pretends we're all the same, there are people we're going to miss, and oftentimes people who are highly vulnerable are the ones whose issues we're going to miss.
Guernica: Can you tell me about your forthcoming book?
Dean Spade: Yeah, it's coming out September 2011 from South End Press. It's a book that tries to describe what a critical trans politics looks like. We're in this moment where there's this gay and lesbian politics that's really lacking in its racial and economic justice analysis and overly relies on legal reform for its strategy and doesn't really look at people in dire need today. So this book says, okay, we have the option to focus on hate crime laws and other legal reforms or we can reframe what trans politics is and center economic and racial justice. We can realize that changing the law doesn't change people's lives and have an understanding of the limitations of the nonprofit form, the ways in which concentrating leadership in professionals and having nondemocratic models for organizations and movements harms and undermines the transformative change we are seeking. The book lays out those frameworks that I call a critical trans politics.
What's emerged is a very thin national narrative about social change that often says that groups that are marginalized should just win lawsuits.
Guernica: How does focusing on law reform fall short? Why is legal inclusion a flawed ideal?
Dean Spade: A lot of my writing is about trying to understand what role legal work has in strategies for transformative social change. Part of the reason that question is so important right now is that there has been widescale attacks on social movements over the last thirty or forty years in response to the very meaningful social movements in the sixties and seventies that had very transformative demands, that were seeking a redistribution of wealth and of life chances in really significant ways. What's emerged in their place is a very thin national narrative about social change that often centers on the law and often says that groups that are marginalized or experiencing subjugation of various kinds should just win lawsuits and pass laws to change their lives.
But the hard thing is that few lawsuits actually have those effects. On one hand, a lot of laws are not enforced or never implemented. For example, in a lot of places it's illegal to fire or not hire someone for being trans, but that happens every single day. Very little can be done about that in the current framework. The systemic homelessness and poverty many trans people face doesn't seem to be sufficiently addressed by passing a law that says we shouldn't discriminate against trans people. Law reforms declaring race and disability discrimination illegal haven't solved concentrated joblessness, poverty, homelessness, or criminalization of people with disabilities and people of color. Often people who the law says should have equal chances at jobs still don't have equal chances at jobs, and they're still on the losing side of the severe wealth divide in the U.S. So how can we start to strategize for social movements that don't believe the myth that changing the law is the key way to change people's lives?
Another thing is that at times what law reform does do is put a window dressing of fairness on systems that are deeply unfair. Maybe some of the people, the most enfranchised in a particular group, will be somewhat better off through law reforms, because they have a lot of other kinds of wealth or privilege in terms of the overall system. Oftentimes, in that way law reform stabilizes a status quo; it stabilizes the existing field of maldistribution. Those people who are worst off really don't see a lot of change, or may be further marginalized.
A lot of us are trying to look at what has really been powerful in the history of the U.S. in terms of changing people's lives, and that's been broad social movements led by people directly impacted by the issues. They often have demands that far exceed what the law could ever give, demands that are not going to be passed by Congress or won in courts. Those demands actually confront the things that America is based on, like white supremacy or settler colonialism. The law can be a useful tool to address certain needs for certain communities, but it's nowhere near a silver bullet that will make people equal. That mythology is the part of the mythology of our nation, a mythology that people are often not willing to question if they are benefiting from existing conditions of maldistribution.
Guernica: I've noticed that you often use the phrase "life chances." Why not just say "the distribution of wealth"?
Dean Spade: I think that to me "life chances" is a phrase that captures the many, many vectors of harm and well-being that are being distributed in ways that I'm concerned about. For example, whether or not fresh groceries are available in your community, whether there's toxic waste and polluting industry nearby where you live, whether in your whole life you're likely to have a job that interests you, what level your local schools are funded at, whether someone in your family is dying or suffering from lack of healthcare and you're carrying around the stresses of that.
Ruth Gilmore defines racism as "the state-sanctioned or extralegal production and exploitation of group-differentiated vulnerability to premature death," and I think that's really useful for thinking about what we're trying to get at. This definition turns our attention away from the questions that discrimination law gets us caught up in: did someone intentionally exclude you because of your identity and can you prove that? Instead, it lets us see that where we find population-level maldistribution of life chances, there is injustice. It doesn't matter whether we can find one individual with a bad intention, or whether the law stated an intent to exclude a certain group. If a group is being exposed to premature death through overexposure to pollution, police violence, hunger, lack of healthcare, poverty, homelessness, military occupation—those conditions must be remedied and the systems causing them must be dismantled. Sometimes movements have gotten too concerned with law reform or just trying to get government recognition instead of actually trying to change people's chances at living. We need to not be satisfied until people actually have good housing, healthcare, education, and all those things that you actually need to live well and


How to Convert HVAC Tons to Amps
An air conditioner's cooling capacity is measured in tons.
-•• Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images
In the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) industry, tons are used as a way to measure an air conditioner's cooling capacity. In particular, one HVAC ton is equivalent to 12,000 BTUs per hour. One BTU refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb. of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit. To convert tons to amps, you must first convert tons to BTUs per hour, after which you can convert this value to watts, then use the formula amps = watts / volts to solve for amps.
 Convert tons to BTUs per hour by multiplying it by 12,000. Given an air conditioner with 2 tons of cooling power, for instance, multiply two by 12,000 to get 24,000 BTUs / hour.
 Multiply BTUs / hour by.293 to convert it to watts. Given the example, multiply 24,000 by.293 to obtain 7032 watts.
 Divide watts by the given voltage value. Air conditioners in the United States operate on 120 volts, so given the example, divide 7032 watts by 120 volts to obtain a final answer of 58.6 amps.
About the Author
Vivek Saxena has been a full-time freelance writer since 2004, contributing to several online publications. Prior to becoming a writer, Saxena studied computer technology at Purdue University.
Photo Credits
 - Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images


text:
Gelechioidea-Whole Body Mounts
The following method for dissecting whole bodies of pinned specimens has been developed by R. Brown for comparative studies of non-traditional morphological structures. Data labels are removed from a pinned specimen and placed on a second pin with an additional label providing a unique preparation number. The left pair of wings is removed from the pinned specimen and retained for dry mounting, and the right pair of wings is used for preparing a wing venation slide. The remainder of the specimen is placed in 10% KOH while still on the pin. After the body is cleared overnight, the head (with antennae, labial palpi, and proboscis detached), thoracic segments, abdomen, and genitalia are separated in 20% ETOH and denuded. The remainder of the procedure for staining and dehydrating is the same as that used for genitalia. Body parts are mounted in Euparal on two slides with matching numbers followed by "A" and "B." The "A" slide includes head capsule and appendages, prothorax and mesothorax under one coverslip and the metathorax, abdomen, and genitalia under a second coverslip of the same slide. The "B" slide includes the intact, scaled foreand hindwings under one coverslip that is glued at the margins with fingernail polish, and the denuded and stained set of wings in euparal under a second coverslip.
Examples of structures revealed with whole body mounts
Spinose setae of tarsi
Head and sitophore

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Dr. Berga discusses how hormones affect a woman's brain.
In many ways, in lots and lots of important ways. So, emotions and mood, cognition, speed of processing, motor coordination, even things like auditory threshold, seizure threshold, lots of brain functions are affected by hormones. It's a very complicated story
About Dr. Berga, M.D.:
Dr. Sarah Berga is professor and chairman in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Emory University School of Medicine. She is board certified in obstetrics and gynecology, and reproductive endocrinology. She received her undergraduate degree at the University of Virginia and later held an Obstetrics and Gynecology General Hospital Fellowship at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Berga's research focuses on understanding the impact of psychogenic and metabolic stresses upon the reproductive system and as a cause of infertility, among other topics.
View Dr. Berga Videos:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Exterior of Mauthausen Gas Chamber
The green building with the barred windows, shown in the foreground of the photo above, is the bunker or camp prison. The white building in the background is the former hospital, now a Museum. The sign on the side of the white building directs visitors to the Museum exhibits. At the far end of the hospital building is the main entry into the Museum and the rooms where films are shown. A stairway inside the Museum leads to more exhibits in the basement, and from there to the gas chamber. An outside stairway, between the two buildings, leads directly down to the basement execution room and from there to the gas chamber.
This is a view of the crematorium chimney, taken from across the street at the open gate into the Quarantine camp where prisoners were confined for two weeks upon their arrival in an attempt to prevent epidemics. The green building on the right is the bunker or camp prison. An outside stairway at the end of the green building leads to the execution area underground where prisoners were shot or hanged. The gas chamber is located underground in the area to the left of the chimney. In the foreground is the open iron gate into the Quarantine camp. Note the skylight over the basement behind the outside stairway opening. The spot where prisoners were hanged is under the skylight.
This photo shows a glass case in the Museum with a display of an open can of the Zyklon-B poison gas pellets which were used at Mauthausen to gas the Jews and other prisoners. This same poison gas was used to disinfect the clothing in all the Nazi concentration camps.
A display board in the Mauthausen Museum shows an excerpt from the deathbed confession of Mauthausen Commandant Franz Ziereis. The confession states that a gas chamber, disguised as a bathroom, was built at Mauthausen on the order of Dr. Krebsbach; the prisoners were gassed with Cyklon-B. Besides this, there was a special vehicle which traveled between the Mauthausen main camp and the Gusen sub-camp, in which prisoners were gassed along the way.
This confession was obtained from Ziereis on his deathbed after he was "shot while trying to escape" by American soldiers after he was captured. His confession was taken down by an Austrian anti-Fascist political prisoner, Hans Marsalek, who interrogated Ziereis as he lay dying and then wrote down the confession from memory ten and a half months later.


text:
Stock screener allows traders to display the entire market for stocks that meet certain criteria to meet the needs of traders. It is important that traders of modern values, and can be independent or web-based tools. One of the advantages of Web-based browsers updates tend to be available automatically.
If we consider the stock projection was carried out a few years before the arrival of the stock examiner in modern lines, you will begin to understand the benefits that the system is provided to identify business opportunities in seconds. Consider the population flow section of the newspaper, trying to understand the radio, money machine real-time and chart graphics in the hand.
These methods have examined very few values within a given time, and you would be lucky enough to see an action to meet your standards, let alone compile a useful watch list. By allowing traders to now define the criteria and automatically eliminate all companies that meet these criteria, stock examiners can now analyze thousands of shares in a very short time. The results are almost instantaneous.
The filtering criteria used can detect suitable stocks for growth, for short or long term gains, or values increase in a relatively short time. Using technical criteria to detect key reversals and outbreaks can increase your benefit several times. If an operator believes that a certain criterion is important, then the examiner action is a list of actions that respond and if certain criteria are used in the same search, actions with very specific characteristics can be identified.
There are two specific types of detection that can be achieved: through fundamental or technical use, and each will be available later in the day or intraday real-time detection. Most common value examiners use the basic standards, although elements of technical analysis can also be included to refine the projection.
Criblers way how should they use?
Examine the technical standards that can be used to filter the values you want in your watch list. You can start by trying to find the trend of stocks, or people are going to break above or through resistance levels. The criteria to be used in the filter to see them may include:
- To rise high
- Learn unusual volume
- Price crossed over the resistance line
- The price touched the support line (is likely to rise again)
- The price has reached new heights
Several leading examiners can be obtained for free, even if you want a real-time technical driver, you are likely to pay a nominal fee. However, while it is normal for stock testers to be especially one or the other, there are criblants can be used in basic standards and techniques. It expands the types of screens available, and you should not buy an action unless the fundamental and technical criteria are positive for the shares. Better results are obtained if the inventory of the same standards is shown, and for this it is necessary either a filter by actions, or one of each type.
Stock screener are essential for the filter in the market today, because most of the professionals underperform the market due to human influences. A machine-based model can detect human weakness, such as press forecasts that they believe, and produce better results assuming that standard or variable use affects future stock price directions.


Alexis Econie
Position title: Graduate Project Assistant
Alexis Econie is a graduate student of sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her work is centered around the intersections of labor and environmental justice, focusing specifically on low-road labor practices in the US recycling industry. Alexis has previously written on the linkages between green industry and temporary staffing services; her current research explores the labor rights and environmental justice movements in the US to demonstrate the value of co-constructing environmental and labor regulation to realize a just and flourishing green economy.
Econie CV 9-2020


Comment: Parens Patriae :
(See in situ)
Parens Patriae :
This is the "philosophy" used to explain the arrogation of power in these matters.
Parens patriae is Latin for "parent of the nation." In law, it refers to the public policy power of the state to intervene against an abusive or negligent parent, legal guardian or informal caretaker, and to act as the parent of any child or individual who is in need of protection. For example, some children, incapacitated individuals, and disabled individuals lack parents who are able and willing to render adequate care, requiring state intervention. In U.S. litigation, parens patriae can be invoked by the state to create its standing to sue; the state declares itself to be suing on behalf of its people. For example, the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976 (15 USC 15(c)), through Section 4C of the Clayton Act, permits state attorneys general to bring parens patriae suits on behalf of those injured by violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act.


text:
derived smooth geometry
There are two important classes of algebraic groups whose intersection is trivial (the identity group): Linear algebraic groups and abelian varieties.
Any algebraic group contains a unique normal linear algebraic subgroup such that their quotient is an abelian variety.
An algebraic group is linear iff it is affine.
An algebraic group scheme is affine if the underlying scheme is affine.
Another important class are commutative algebraic -groups whose underlying variety is projective, namely the abelian varieties; in dimension these are precisely the elliptic curves. If is a perfect field and an algebraic -group, the theorem of Chevalley says that there is a unique linear subgroup such that is an abelian variety.
An abelian variety of dimension is called an elliptic curve.
Some of the definitions of the following classes exist more generally for group schemes.
(See also more generally unipotent group scheme.)
An element of an affine algebraic group is called unipotent if its associated right translation operator on the affine coordinate ring? of is locally unipotent as an element of the ring of linear endomorphism of where "locally unipotent" means that its restriction to any finite dimensional stable subspace of is unipotent as a ring object.
Among group schemes are 'the infinite-dimensional algebraic groups' of Shafarevich.
The affine line without its origin, comes canonically with the structure of a group under multiplication: the multiplicative group.
The standard references are
M. Demazure, P. Gabriel, Groupes algebriques, tome 1 (later volumes never appeared), Mason and Cie, Paris 1970
M. Artin, J. E. Bertin, M. Demazure, P. Gabriel, A. Grothendieck, M. Raynaud, J.-P. Serre, Schemas en groupes, i.e. SGA III-1, III-2, III-3
A. Borel, Linear algebraic groups, Springer (2nd edition much expanded)
W. Waterhouse, Introduction to affine group schemes, GTM 66, Springer 1979.
S. Lang, Abelian varieties, Springer 1983.
D. Mumford, Abelian varieties, 1970, 1985.
J. C. Jantzen, Representations of algebraic groups, Acad. Press 1987 (Pure and Appl. Math. vol 131); 2nd edition AMS Math. Surveys and Monog. 107 (2003; reprinted 2007)
T. Springer, Linear algebraic groups, Progress in Mathematics 9, Birkhäuser Boston (2nd ed. 1998, reprinted 2008)


text:
Date of Award
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
James W. Fawcett
Debugging, Design by Contract, Mutation Testing, Requirements Discovery, Software Testing, Software Visualization
We introduce a methodology and research tools for visual exploratory software analysis. VERDICTS combines exploratory testing, tracing, visualization, dynamic discovery and injection of requirements specifications into a live quick-feedback cycle, without recompilation or restart of the system under test. This supports discovery and verification of software dynamic behavior, software comprehension, testing, and locating the defect origin. At its core, VERDICTS allows dynamic evolution and testing of hypotheses about requirements and behavior, by using contracts as automated component verifiers.
We introduce Semantic Mutation Testing as an approach to evaluate concordance of automated verifiers and the functional specifications they represent with respect to existing implementation. Mutation testing has promise, but also has many known issues. In our tests, both black-box and white-box variants of our Semantic Mutation Testing approach performed better than traditional mutation testing as a measure of quality of automated verifiers.
Bolazar, Sefik Kanat, "VERDICTS: Visual Exploratory Requirements Discovery and Injection for Comprehension and Testing of Software" (2013). Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Dissertations. 335.


text:
Today we share some apple themed learning activities. There are many things we can learn using apples: fine motor, math, language, science, social studies, … Here are just some ideas, and I hope they will serve as starters and spark more learning ideas.
10 Apple Themed Learning Activities
Practice Fine Motor Skills with Apples:
Practice fine motors with Dot-to-dot apple sheet
Learn Math with Apples:
Apples for counting with this set of free printables
Compare apple sizes: use a string to measure the circumference of each apple and decide which one is the biggest and which one is the smallest. For younger kids, they can just compare the string length; for older kids, they can measure the string length with a ruler.
Enjoy Language Art with Apples:
Read books about apple, and here are 40 books about apples for kids
Taste various kinds of apples, and ask kids to describe the different flavor and texture. You can go into more details into early taste, taste when chewing, and after taste.
Study Apple Science:
Learn parts of apple, this is a diagraph of apple
Find out why apples turn brown with an experiment
Social Study with Apple:
Track Johnny Appleseed's journey on a map
Do you have any more ideas on learning with apples?


text:
Thursday 10/02/2022 @ 11:30, JAC - Sala IV piano Battiferro (remote)
Andrea Tramacere (University of Geneve), "Radio-gamma ray response in blazars as signature of adiabatic blob expansion: a self-consistent approach"
Multiwavelength light curves in long-term campaigns have shown that, for several blazars, the radio emission occurs with a significant delay w.r.t. to gamma ray band, with timescales ranging from weeks to years. Such observational evidence has been a matter of debate for years and usually is interpreted as a signature of the gamma ray emission originating upstream in the jet, with the emitting region becoming radio transparent at larger scales. In this paper, we show, by means of self-consistent numerical modelling, that the adiabatic expansion of relativistic blob can explain these delays. We use the JetSeT framework to reproduce the numerical modelling of the radiative/accelerative processes, reproducing the temporal evolution, from the initial flaring activity, and the subsequent expansion. We follow the spectral evolution and the light curves, investigating the relations among the observed parameters, rise, time, and decay time, identifying the link with the physical parameters. We find that, when adiabatic expansion is active, lags due to the shift of the synchrotron frequency occur, with an offset equal to the distance in time between the flaring onset and the beginning of the expansion, whilst the rising and decaying timescales depend on the velocity of the expansion and on time required to the source to exhibit a synchrotron self-absorption frequency. We derive an inter-band response function, and we investigate the effects of the competitions between radiative and adiabatic cooling timescales on the response. We apply the response function to long-term radio and gamma ray light curves of Mrk 421, Mrk 501 and 3C 273, finding a satisfactory agreement on the log-term behaviour, and we use a Monte Carlo Markov Chain approach, to estimate some physical relevant parameters. We discuss the applications to polarization measurements, and to jets collimation profile kinematics.


Major System Calls
socket() Create network endpoint.
bind() Associate a network address with a previously created socket.
listen() Listen for and queue incoming connection requests.
accept() Accept a connection request fork servicing if one is available; otherwise, wait for one to become available and then accept.
connect() Initiate a connection to a remote socket (which must already exist and have an address bound to it).
shutdown() Terminate socket connection immediately.
send() Send UDP message through a given socket.
recv() Receive a UDP message from a given socket.
select Check a set of file descriptors to see if any can be read from or written to.
setsockopt() Change communication parameters on a socket.
sigaction() Change process behaviour to receipt of asynchronous signals.
close() Close one end of a socket connection.
setsid() Change process' session identifier
recvfrom() Receive message from a given UDP socket.
sendto() BSD: sendmsg() Send a message from a given UDP socket.


text:
Engineering and resource requirements of the bioresource systems of agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture. Design of irrigation and drainage systems.
After completing the course students should be able to:
1. explain the importance of bioresources engineering, in New Zealand as well as in a global context, and understand both the risks and benefits associated with bioresources engineering
2. identify and apply fundamentals and theoretical concepts of bioresources engineering
3. analyse bioresources systems and their design processes, and reflect on & develop possible solutions for problems found in the field of bioresources engineering.
Tonny de Vries
30 Jul 2012
17 Aug 2012
Design Gravity fed irrigation
12 Oct 2012
Subject: bioresources engineering (10%). Build up an evidence portfolio (minimum 5 pieces per person) using sources such as newspapers, journal articles, forum discussions, etc. Using your evidence portfolio, describe what bioresources engineering is and what role it plays in our society. This can be in a New Zealand context or looking more globally. Length: 1.5-2 pages, can be done in pairs in which case 4-5 pages.
Each student is expected to select a project topic by July 20th. Topic allocation is on a first come first served basis. The focus of the report is to be engineering design, engineering management and/or technical aspects of the topic. You may work on the project alone or in pairs if you prefer. You will be expected to present your project in class.
1. Frost protection
2. Design of artificial shelter structures
3. Precision agriculture (use of GPS, GIS and other technology to maximise production and minimise environmental impacts)
4. Soil moisture conservation techniques
5. (Rain) water harvesting techniques
8. Erosion control through use of bioresources
9. Waste as a bio-resource
10. Carbon sequestration
11. Engineering requirements for composting
12. Comparative analysis of crop growth models
13. Comparative analysis of farm simulation models
14. Comparative analysis of simple water balance methods
15. Mole drains
16. Water lifting devices
The following can also be chosen, but check first to prevent overlap with lecture material or other students
17. Irrigation scheduling techniques
18. Irrigation design under saline conditions
19. Central Plains Irrigation Scheme – engineering features (or other irrigation scheme)
20. Micro-irrigation for development
21. Sports turf irrigation
22. Topic of your own choice
Note: the project you choose should be different from your final year project!
One of the main aspects of irrigation and drainage engineering is to put theory into practice. The aim of this project is to design a gravity-fed irrigation system. The chosen location is a small project in Kenya, called Kiboko-Ngulia. There already is an irrigation system in place, but it does not include a drainage system and this is starting to give a problem with salinity and high ground water tables. Redesigning the system will allow the construction of a drainage system and may also allow an increase of the irrigated area.
A minimum 50% pass in the exam and satisfactory performance in the project and assignments is required for passing the course.
Examination and Formal Tests
29 Oct 2012
Allen et al;
Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements - FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56;
(this book is available online at: _URL_
Doorenbos & Kassam;
Yield Response to Water – FAO Irrigation and drainage paper No. 33;
(This book is available online at: _URL_
Hoffman, Glenn J;
Design and operation of farm irrigation systems;
American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007.
Drainage principles and applications;
(vailable online at: _URL_ it is number 16 on the list).
- Drainage principles and applications (2nd edition, completely revised) by Ritzema (ed.) ISBN 90 70754 339, this book is available online at: _URL_ it is number 16 on the list
- Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements - FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56 by Allen et al. ISBN 92-5-104219-5, this book is available online at: _URL_
- Yield Response to Water – FAO Irrigation and drainage paper No. 33 by Doorenbos & Kassam. This book is available online at: _URL_
Show Additional Outline Information...
Additional Course Outline Information
Codes of Behaviour:
Each student should acquaint themselves with the University's codes, policies, and procedures involving academic misconduct, grievances, sexual and ethnic harassment, and discrimination based on physical handicap.
Dishonest behaviour & Aegrotat:
It is the responsibility of each student to be familiar with the definitions, policies and procedures concerning academic misconduct/dishonest behaviour. All assessments worth at least 10% of the total mark are eligible for Aegrotat consideration IF approved by course coordinator and HOD.
For further information see
Civil and Natural Resources Engineering.
All ENNR431 Occurrences
Semester Two 2012


If automatic IP address allocation is enabled in Weave Net (by default IPAM is enabled), then containers started via the proxy are automatically assigned an IP address, without having to specify any special environment variables or any other options.
host1$ docker run -ti weaveworks/ubuntu
To use a specific subnet, you can pass a WEAVE_CIDR to the container, for example:
host1$ docker run -ti -e WEAVE_CIDR=net: weaveworks/ubuntu
To start a container without connecting it to the Weave network, pass WEAVE_CIDR=none, for example:
host1$ docker run -ti -e WEAVE_CIDR=none weaveworks/ubuntu
Disabling Automatic IP Address Allocation
If you do not want an IP to be assigned by default, the proxy needs to be passed the --no-default-ipalloc flag, for example:
host1$ weave launch --no-default-ipalloc
In this configuration, containers using no WEAVE_CIDR environment variable are not connected to the Weave network.
Containers started with a WEAVE_CIDR environment variable are handled as before. To automatically assign an address in this mode, start the container with a blank WEAVE_CIDR, for example:
host1$ docker run -ti -e WEAVE_CIDR="" weaveworks/ubuntu
See Also


text: So why might viruses care about our body clock? Since our cells are miniature factories, making things that the virus must have to copy itself, the virus is less likely to succeed when the production line is shut down. This is what we tested in the laboratory, by infecting cells and mice at different times of the day. We found that viruses are less able to infect in the late afternoon. In contrast, in the early morning, our cells are hives of biosynthetic activity, at least from the virus's viewpoint. So, if a virus tries to take over a cell in the early day, it is far more likely to succeed, and spread faster, than if it encounters a rather less favourable climate in the evening.


Skip to definition.
Noun: ringlet ring-lut
 - coil, whorl, roll, curl, curlicue, gyre, scroll
 2. A strand or cluster of hair
 - lock, curl, whorl
 3. A small ring
 4. Any of various butterflies belonging to the family Satyridae
 - ringlet butterfly
Derived forms: ringlets
Type of: band, butterfly, hair, ring, round shape
Part of: coif, coiffure, family Satyridae, hair style, hairdo, hairstyle, Satyridae
Encyclopedia: Ringlet, Malaysia


Solar System (Geo)
Similar to the Solar System (IR) demo this demo displays the planets of our solar system, but positions them in the user's vicinity using a location based approach.
Screenshot of the complete demo.
The detail information of each planet is defined in the init() function. Factors are defined to scale the planets to a reasonable size and all planets are combined in the planetsInfo array.
/* put sun, planets (and pluto) in an array */
 this.planetsInfo = [sun, mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptun, pluto];
view source code on GitHub
Planets are represented by an AR.GeoObject that features the planets image and name indicated as drawables. The AR.GeoObject of each planet is positioned using a AR.RelativeLocation that allows to placement of objects relative to the user's location. Therefore it is possible to position the solar system in northerly direction regardless of the actual longitude and latitude of the user's current position.
An indicator is added to the suns AR.GeoObject so the user is continually guided to look in the "right" direction.
Animation of the planets is done similarly to the 3D Model sample where the circular movement is composed of multiple AR.PropertyAnimations that are combined using AR.AnimationGroups. The animate(planet) function is responsible for creating these animations for a moving planet.
Again similar to the 3D Model sample the planetClicked() function, which is assigned to the onClick trigger, displays the planets information on the HUD.


text:
|When:||This exhibition has now closed|
|Where:||Special Exhibition Gallery|
Imagine life in a different time with Herbert Basedow's photographs of early 20th-century expeditions into central and northern Australia.
Herbert Basedow — anthropologist, geologist, scientist, explorer and medical practitioner — was a remarkable Australian. He was renowned for the breadth of his work across central and northern Australia in the early decades of the 20th century. His extensive knowledge of the country and his opinions were highly valued by scientists, politicians and businessmen of his era.
Part of his great legacy is the National Museum of Australia's collection of more than 2200 negatives created during his many expeditions in remote Australia. His photographs reveal his diverse interests and provide poignant reflections of expeditionary and frontier life — a window into a different time.
A Different Time: The Expedition Photographs of Herbert Basedow 1903–1928 draws on the National Museum of Australia's rich collection of Basedow's photographic work.
WARNING: This exhibition contains images of nudity and people in distressing circumstances. Visitors should also be aware that the exhibition and website include names and images of deceased people that may cause sadness or distress to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Image above: Herbert Basedow on Buxton, a riding camel, near present-day Granite Downs station, South Australia, 1903. Photograph by Alfred Treloar using Basedow's camera.


Thursday, November 3, 2011
Preferring Filters To Tags
In Django, there are two ways to extend the template language — tags and filters. Tags are named tokens that insert HTML, executing logic behind the scenes. For instance, an if tag and a for tag will conditionally produce content or iterate over a list objects respectfully. The if tag in Django takes an argument — the condition to evaluate.
Filters, on the other hand, are different from tags — they don't spit out HTML markup or alter the overall template logic. Instead, filters modify existing values in the template context for the sake of presentation. For example, Django ships with a fileformat filter that'll display the argument, expressed in bytes, as a more readable representation. This type of functionality is best encapsulated inside a filter because we're simply modifying the presentation of a single value.
I used to find myself grappling over whether something should be implemented as a tag or as a filter. On the one hand, custom tags capacious changes — chunks of HTML or logic for manipulating the template. On the other hand, filters are concise. They take input and modify it. Filters exchange one piece of data for another. Django provides the machinery to do this, to slice up monolithic templates into reusable, independent components. My inclination is that custom template tags can often be avoided in favor of included templates and filters.
Modular templates
If every page in our application were rendered using a single gargantuan template, we wouldn't be burdened with choosing between custom tags and custom filters. We'd have a number of other problems, no doubt, but I digress. Instead, Django treats template files much like Python treats modules. Django templates are modular. Why write one large template, duplicated for individual views? That approach doesn't follow the DRY principle, so we need a mechanism that'll allow us to treat our templates as components.
A component can have sub-components. This abstraction works well in the Django template architecture because components are made up of smaller components. They can be decomposed and reconstructed, using smaller, loosely-coupled components. In Django-speak, this means that we can start with a template that represents the entire page. Logically, based on the application for which this template was designed, we can map out sections of this template that are likely to appear on all pages. Things such as navigation, footer, and so forth.
These sub-components need to fill slots. These slots are called blocks, in Django. Typically, the master template is extended by descendant templates whose job is to define what fills these slots. Now we're starting to move down the composite template structure. Beyond blocks, we need something to fill them with.
Eventually, fine-grained HTML markup is generated. Some of it conditional, some of it iterative, and some using variables from the template context. But even at this level, where we're filling in blocks, there are smaller pieces still. Pieces that don't necessarily belong to a specific block. Down yet another level, we're producing markup that might even appear twice on the same page — in two distinct blocks.
As the user interface of your Django project evolves and forms it's shape, you'll begin to notice these smaller chunks — those that might be of interest to multifarious blocks. The main blocks, the logical regions of the master template are easy to grasp early on in development. It's the smaller template components — the unbound HTML markup — that are more difficult to identify. These low-level template components must take into consideration both custom template tags and custom template filters.
Sharing data
The tools that the Django template system gives developers enables the sharing of data. Sharing between what exactly? You extend the template language because you want to reuse those elements — custom tags and filters — across templates in your application. But these new elements don't generate new data. They're not storing application data. Rather, the data new template elements share is transformed data. They take input and alter what the template ultimately sends to the browser.
Let's say you've got an application that lists events of interest to the user when they first login. These are probably queried from the database and rendered inside a for tag. But maybe the event abstraction isn't limited to a user. Maybe there are different event types that pertain to other abstractions in the application and aren't exclusive to the user. Here, we might want to reuse a much of the same logic that rendered events on the homepage. We're only changing the query.
We could follow the DRY principle here and implement a custom eventlist tag. This tag would accept some type of flag, indicating the query to execute in order to render the appropriate event list. Using this tag in our templates is then quite straightforward — {% eventlist 'home' %} or {% eventlist 'updates' %}. This tag is available in all templates — an easy way to share data across Django templates.
Our tag could even take care of rendering the corresponding HTML markup. We'd simply register these eventlist tag as an inclusion tag. We've now got our own template, isolated from other templates in our user interface dedicated to rendering event lists.
There are, however, a couple problems with this approach. One, the template tag itself is responsible for executing the query. This means that our view context passed to the template during rendering cannot alter the output of the event list. So if we want to use generic views that'll generate a list of events to render, we're stuck. The eventlist tag is expecting an arbitrary flag. We've given the Django template the added responsibility of performing database queries — which isn't a good thing. We could alter our template tag so that it accepts a query set from the template context. This way the view is still responsible for retrieving objects. This is a good thing. However, this leads to another problem. One where we're violating the DRY principle.
Including and filtering
Tags are good because they're a concise way of sharing rendered HTML with other templates. Our eventlist tag does exactly that. But they're also a gateway into bad Django practice. Defining your own template tags means writing some Python code. Which gives us direct access to models. Which means we can query them. Not good. Not good as far as templates go because templates should be able to render anything I give them. If I want to pass to my tag context, say, a list of Python objects that merely emulate one of my models, it should be able to handle that. This isn't true if the template tags we define are going directly to the database for objects to render.
As for remedying the problem, we mentioned passing a query set, a list, something, to the template tag as an argument. This somewhat solves the problem because now eventlist is polymorphic to an extent. It doesn't care what objects it gets as long as they look like event objects.
Recall, however, that we're defining eventlist as an inclusion tag. This means a template dedicated to the list of events will be rendered whenever the tag is used. Keeping the HTML in the template is a smart idea — another win for us. The eventlist tag is now simply passing the list of events to render. Perfect. Except, what doesn't the template tag do now? It takes a list of objects and passes them into another template context. It does exactly what the Django include tag does.
The include tag takes a smaller template component — in our case a list of rendered event objects — and plugs it into a larger component. This sounds like an ideal candidate for our application. Our views can now control the context — the list of events that get displayed in any given block. And we're not repeating ourselves — we've got a template component that can be injected anywhere, and no need to define a custom template tag.
How about the template itself — the one we're including all over the site? Are there any drawbacks to simply including it somewhere else without using our own tag? One challenge with making template components generic enough to be used anywhere is that they need to support a variety of scenarios. What happens when the event object is in this state? When it doesn't have a title attribute? How do I handle CSS classes for events on this page?
Trying to handle all this in a single template that's used everywhere leads to messy template code. In a hurry, you've got if statements inside HTML attributes and deep nesting levels elsewhere. This is where defining custom template filters can alleviate some of these challenges. Typical Django filters will take an input value and return a slightly different version of it — like a formatted date. But we're not limited to only modifying the display of data. We can return different values entirely. Values used for the sole purpose of template rendering.
Template filter definitions are small. We might have an input value, we do a few checks, and we return a different value. Think of filters as dynamic template context modifiers — modifiers that can be shared throughout the application. Filters can also justify not having to define your own custom tags


text:
In Fall 2020, ATI convened 37 of its member institutions from across the country to launch an academic equity community of practice, devoted to promoting more equitable academic communities at a time of widening inequities.
As a part of this community of practice, ATI has launched a case study series to highlight the data-driven strategies members nationwide are adopting to advance this work. The first installment, Using Data to Advance Inclusive Excellence in STEM, highlights Virginia Tech's efforts to improve success for marginalized and minoritized students in STEM fields.
With the support of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Inclusive Excellence Initiative, Virginia Tech has launched a multi-year, cohort-based initiative to empower individual STEM departments to use data to ensure more widespread, equitable student success. In addition to sharing more details about this program, the brief outlines the lessons learned from this process, including:
- The opportunity to use student success data to facilitate learning and buy-in among faculty
- The importance of engaging faculty in a collaborative, iterative process to identify the highest-impact areas for intervention
- The value of incorporating and empowering student and faculty voices through robust, qualitative data collection and evaluation
These insights have helped Virginia Tech equitably redesign curricula and empower faculty across its STEM departments to regularly discuss and implement equity-focused changes.


text:
Research paper topics, free example research papers
You are welcome to search thousands of free research papers and essays. Search for your research paper topic now!
Research paper topic: Machiavellis The Prince - 743 words
NOTE: The research paper or essay you see on this page is a free essay, available to anyone. You can use any paper as a sample on how to write research papers or as a source of information. We strongly discourage you to directly copy/paste any essay and turn it in for credit. If your school uses any plagiarism detecting software, you might be caught and accused of plagiarism. If you need a custom term paper, research paper or essay, written from scratch exclusively for you, please, use our paid research papers writing service!
Machiavelli's The Prince The Prince, written in 1513 by Niccolo Machiavelli is regarded as one of the most crucial yet controversial works in the field of political science. It holds Machiavelli's observations and reflections on Italian political history. It was written in response to the decay of the Italian states system. This book was designed specifically to captivate and transform its readers to analyze and adopt Machiavelli's perspective as it was initially written and dedicated to Lorenzo De Medici, the ruler of Florence. Although this book was written in the 15th century, the ideas are very much applicable in today's societies.
Machiavelli's goals and views as perceived by the readers of this book seem to be in contrast with the humanist beliefs and teachings of his time. As in his book he promotes a secular society and felt morality should be set aside as it obstructed power. He reflects that a prince should not consider whether his acts are moral or immoral while he acts in the favor of the state. To achieve that, states goals must be the primary focus for a prince. If a prince acts immorally to achieve the states' goals, then it does not reflect his personal standards or beliefs, as it is a role that he plays for the state.
The effect of fortune on government and the course of humanity is an important theme in the book. As Machiavelli believed that fortune played a major part in at least half of men's actions. The force of fortune was so strong that it was mentally in the back of every men's mind, but their were steps that could be taken to lower the effect. Furthermore, Machiavelli holds a very low opinion of most people and thinks they have been selfish towards the state. He concludes from his observations that men are ungrateful, fickle, liars and deceivers. He points out that they will accompany you when you are privileged and abandon or turn against you at the time of danger.
A prince therefore must be cautious while interacting with the people but should have a favorable standing amongst them. The Prince was written and completed by Machiavelli in response to Italy's persistent political problems and the emergence of a new rule in Florence. Therefore with these two situations at hand, Machiavelli carefully devised The Prince and primarily focused on the responsibilities, aims and objectives that a new prince should concentrate upon. To explain his arguments, Machiavelli draws out examples from various historical episodes and his political experience. He stresses in his book that political leaders should seek solutions from the past in order to cure current problems. His opinion revolved around that fact that instead of evolution and progress there was repetition as a recurring cycle of events shaped history. This can be seen reflected in most of Machiavelli's arguments in The Prince, which weakens his arguments to an extent.
He further concludes that men throughout history have been selfish and cheats. They are not worthy of any lenience and therefore should be treated with the same measures as in the past. The Prince, has been criticized both in a positively and negatively. Some have praised Machiavelli for his realism and irony in a subtle manner. On the other hand he is acclaimed for having his work seen as supporting a republican form of government by exposing the faults of princedoms, and praise his ability to separate political from moral issues. Machiavelli can also be seen as nave, promoting fraud, force and immorality in politics, using beneficial ends to justify evil means, and betraying republican ideals.
There is also a departure from classical models to a more humanist approach, when Machiavelli urges rulers to take on the characteristics of animals by using force when the situation requires. Although Machiavelli refers to classical accounts of rulers being trained by centaurs, his suggestion that rulers be less than fully human critical challenges the humanist tradition which would never have humans behave as beasts. The Prince, is often referred to as a 'book inspired by the devil.' This piece of literature is very interesting not only for Political Science students but also for everyone part of a society. It gives an excellent insight to understanding the qualities of human kind. In the 500 years since this book has been written it has been a major source of contention and debate. In addition this book is highly recommended and enjoyable to read.
Research paper topics, free term papers, essays, sample research papers on Machiavellis The Prince


text:
Laos, Lao PDR, the Lao P.D.R. or just Lao – which is correct? Although the name was changed officially in 1975, the country is still referred to as Laos by most other countries and the media. Lao PDR is the official short form for the Lao People's Democratic Republic, but locally the word 'Lao' is used as both noun and adjective to describe the country, its people and traditions, as well as its produce and products. Learn more about political development in Laos below the events calendar.
Jan 1: New Year's Day
Jan 6: Pathet Lao Day (Victory 1975)
Jan 20: Lao People's Army Day (established 1949)
Feb 10: Chinese New Year
Feb 25: Boun Khao Chi (Makhaboucha)
Mar 8: International Women's Day
Mar 22: Lao People's Revolutionary Party Day (since 1975)
Apr 13 to 17: Lao New Year, Boun Pi Mai, Pee Mai (the equivalent of Thailand's Song Kran). Preparations, celebrations (parties and water-throwing) and business closures begin a few days before and often continue for several days after the official dates. April 13th is the First Day of the Lao New Year. As it's a Saturday in 2013, the following Tuesday and Wednesday are added as substitutes. Many businesses and Lao food restaurants are likely to stay closed for the whole week.
May 1: International Labour Day
May 25: Buddha's Birthday (Boun Visakhabusa Festival)
June 1: Children's Day, National Tree Planting Day
July 13: President's Birthday
Jul 22: Boun Khao Pansa; Buddhist Fast (Lent) begins on the Full Moon
Aug 15: Constitution Day
Aug 13: Free Lao (Issara) Day
Aug 28: Boun Ho Khaopadabdinh, Rice Festival; Boat Racing Festival in Luang Prabang
Sep 22: Boun Ho Khaosalak Festival
Oct 7: Teachers' Day
Oct 12: Independence (Liberation) Day (from French rule)
Oct 19: Bouk Ok Pansa -end of Buddhist Lent
Oct 19: Lao Boat Racing Festival Vientiane;
different dates for their annual boat racing festivals.
Nov 11-17: That Luang Festival and Trade Fair in Vientiane Capital
Dec 2: Lao National Day (Lao PDR established 1975)
Dec 13: President's Birthday (Kaysone Phomivhane _PHONE_)
December 31: Year End Holiday (Western New Year & Bank Holiday)
Jan 1: New Year's Day, 2013
Others (substitute) days are taken as semi-official public holidays, extending to the following Monday if a holiday falls over a weekend. Government offices, and random shop and office closures occur, but it can be quite difficult to get details of dates much in advance. Teachers' Day, Mothers' Day, Fathers' Day and Children's Day are celebrated. New Year celebrations start in December and often continue well into January, encompassing Western, Chinese and Vietnamese cultures.
More details of 2013 Events in Laos (from Lao Tourism Office)
The word 'Laos' originated as an abbreviation of the French Les Laos, plural of Lao,(referring to the people rather than a single person). It was coined by the French in 1893 when they united and ruled over three small kingdoms of Les Laos (the Lao people) centred around Luang Prabang, several hundred kilometres north of the present capital Vientiane. French colonial architecture, language, cuisine and a few ancient Renaults and Citroens may still be seen in most Lao towns and cities. After the Japanese occupation during the Second World War, the Geneva Agreement of 1954 gave the country its independence from colonial rule.
Following the end of the Indochina Wars and capitulation of South Vietnam to communist forces from the North and the creation of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, December 1975 saw the creation of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (celebrated on Dec 2, see below). As the communist took control of the country, almost ten percent of the population fled to the United States where they were given refuge and eventually citizenship. Many still live in Lao communities there, but some have returned, either for family visits or to regain their citizenship permanently.
This map shows the Lao PDR in relation to its surrounding neighbours. Click on the image to see more maps with more detail and better definition.
The government of the Lao PDR comprises three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The executive branch consists of a president, vice president, prime minister, first deputy prime minister, two deputy prime ministers, and a cabinet, also called the Council of Ministers. The National Assembly elects the president and vice president for a five-year term. The president, with approval of the National Assembly, appoints the prime minister for a five-year term. The prime minister appoints all the deputy ministers.
The Council of Ministers is appointed by the president; however it has to be approved by the National Assembly. The legislative branch is a unicameral National Assembly with 109 seats. All of the members serve a five-year term and are elected by popular vote. The judicial branch consists of a People's Supreme Court. The National Assembly, on the recommendation of the National Assembly Standing Committee, elects the president of the People's Supreme Court. The National Assembly Standing Committee appoints the vice president and the judges of the People's Supreme Court.
In 2010 the single party government of the Lao PDR celebrated thirty-five years in power. The single-party political doctrine follows the Vietnamese model. Lao is closely aligned with Vietnam both politically, militarily as well as for trade purposes. It has strong and growing ties with China too. Relations are now friendly with its capitalist neighbour Thailand; trade is flourishing and disputes are centred mainly around border demarcation and repatriation of Lao, mainly Hmong, ethnic minority refugees living in Thailand.
Although the Lao government is socialist in style, many capitalist ideas such as private land and business ownership are encouraged. Full and partially State-owned enterprises still exist, but the private and joint venture sector is expanding rapidly, especially in and around cities. Hydroelectric power projects financed via foreign aid contribute significantly to the Lao GDP and export income. Electricity is sold mainly to Thailand.
Development of the basic infrastructure is accelerating, being accomplished almost completely with financial aid and joint ventures with both Eastern and Western countries. However, social development is slow in areas of education or medical care for the common people. Lao's business development is also capitalist in nature. There are only two real communist countries remaining in the world: Cuba, which apparently exists on the the pure charisma of its leader, and North Korea, which is in the grip of permanent famine and paranoia. China, while calling itself communist, is in fact not that at all. As with Vietnam and the Lao PDR, they merely have single party authoritarian regimes, mere ghosts of old-style Stalinist and Marxist communism.
The Lao people by nature are friendly and sociable, and family considerations and needs are of paramount importance. Daily life is influenced by strong and traditional religious beliefs. Buddhist philosophy is fused with animistic beliefs which preceded Buddhism. Animism is still practised by Thai and Lao people, especially from mountainous regions. It is the belief that things in nature, like trees, mountains, the sky, even buildings, have souls or consciousness; belief in a supernatural force that animates and organises the universe, and the belief in the existence of a spirit than can exist separately from a body.
Other cultural similarities exist between the
Lao and their Thai neighbours just across the
Although the Lao PDR has an area similar to Great Britain (or the US state of Utah), the population was estimated at about 6 million in 2010. By comparison, this is roughly only 10% of the UK, Thailand or Vietnam population. A landlocked country, Lao is surrounded by Burma (Myanmar), China and Vietnam to the north and east, and Cambodia and Thailand to the south and west. The Mekong River, originating in China, flows through more of Lao than any other country. The river was used by the colonists to demarcate an arbitrary border with Thailand (still under dispute in parts), and the people living in the villages on the two sides of the river suddenly became nationals of different countries, but they still share a common culture and similar language, and many families have relatives on both sides of the river, some being Thai nationals and others Lao.
For about twenty years after independence Lao was an almost closed state, discouraging Western foreign aid and visitors. Foreign ties were mostly with the USSR and communist bloc. Many Lao people were sent to Russia for education, both political and industrial. After the break-up of the Soviet Union, Russian influence and aid diminished rapidly, and the economic advantages of tourism finally became obvious. The government gradually relaxed its tight control, opened more border crossings, and three international airports of Vientiane, Luang Prabang and Pakse now serve visitors from neighbouring countries. Foreigners still require entry visas, but they are readily obtainable at embassies or on arrival for 30 days at 14 road and river entry points. Since the Lao PDR became a member of ASEAN, the Association of South East Asian Nations,


Where do I get a reference number when paying online?
This depends if you're paying a person or a bill.
If you're paying a friend or individual, you may not need a specific reference number. As long as you have their sort code and account number, the payment will go through to that person's bank account. In the reference field you could put something like 'birthday gift' or 'holiday money'.
If you're paying a bill, eg, a gas or credit card bill, the company receiving the money will need you to quote a specific reference so that they can identify the money has come from you.
For a gas or electricity bill, for example, the reference will be your customer number, which is on your bill. For a credit card, it will be your credit card number. Many bills will tell you what details you need to quote when paying your bill in Online Banking. If you're unsure, the company you're paying will be able to tell you.
The details of the people or companies you pay from our pre-approved list will automatically be saved to your payee list unless you opt-out when making the payment.


text:
Find your age on other planets
This site answers these burning questions:
- How old are you on the other planets?
- When are your next birthdays on the other planets?
- How many days/weeks old are you?
- What birthdays are coming up?
Use these extra birthdays as an excuse to celebrate!
Why is my age different on other planets?
One year is usually taken to mean an Earth year, the time taken for the Earth to revolve around the Sun.
However, since each planet takes a different amount of time to revolve around the Sun,
a year is not the same length of time on different planets.
This means your age is different when measured in years on different planets.
First, enter your date of birth:
Select the decade you were born in:
Alternatively you can type the year here:
Select the year you were born in:
Select the month you were born in:
Select the day you were born:


Tuesday, September 28, 2010
Head construction: problem solved!
If you studied head construction by Andrew Loomis you'll understand the issue I'm talking about in this post.
On page 21 of Drawing the Heads and the Hands Loomis describes his method of constructing a head using analogy with a ball and a nail. It looks very simple and easy to understand...until you actually start constructing a head yourself.
My problem was with the "ear" line. I could not figure it out.I gave up and moved on.
A few days ago, I was reading a ConceptArt forum and came across the post called "How to correctly establish ellipses using Loomis head construction?" Needless to say how happy I was to discover that someone had asked my question. But the real treasure was ahead. There was that JohnB who shared his method of establishing ellipses. It was answer to my prayers! Thank you, JohnB!!!
Here is a link to the entire post: click here
JohnB has his own blog, interesting and very informative.
And this is John's tutorial I recreated:
1. Draw a cicle and mark the center (A)
2. Think about position of the face: is it looking up or down? turned to the left or right? Add a point (B) to where a "brow" cross will be
3. Connect A and B
4. Draw a brow line as per step 2
5. Add a line running through the center that is parallel to brow line
6. Add tick marks perpendicular to the line in step 5
7. Draw ellipse that starts and ends at tick marks you did in step 6 and passes brow point (B)
8. Draw a middle line (face line) that is tangent to the ellipse you just drew. This line determines the tilt of the face plane. This line and line you drew in step 4 are what Loomis calls "the all-important cross on the ball".
9. Draw a line that is parallel to the middle line from step 8. This is what Loomis refers to as a nail in the ball
10. Add tick marks that are perpendicular to the "nail" line
11. Draw ellipse that connects tick marks and goes through the brow point. This is a brow line.
12. Add tick marks that are perpendicular to AB line
13. Draw ellipse that connects the tick marks. This is "ear" line.
Johnnyburn said...
I like your addition of Loomis's "nail" in the top of the head.
I wanted to point out that the last ellipse goes through a point at the bottom and at the ear. It goes through a point at the ear, where the line DA intersects the "brow line" (the second ellipse you've drawn).
It also goes through a point at the bottom of the head, where the line AE intersects the "middle line" (the first ellipse you've drawn).
The heads-with-features that you've drawn look great!
Inna O. said...
thank you, John! You're absolutely right - now i can see mistakes myself. Corrected and reposted the image. Still so much to learn :-)
Michaela said...
This may be an old article, but I THANK YOU SO MUCH. I kind of went nuts as I was trying to understand what Andrew has ment. But I always got stuck with the earline... I was looking for an explanation on conceptart, but unfortunately the forums is down since yesterday so I was kinda alone with this question! But now I know!!! Thank youuu! :*
Inna O. said...
Thank you, Michaela. I'm glad it helped :-)


Harvester: a Pattern Matching Language
Harvester is a pattern matching language designed to make it easy to scrape web pages, i.e. to extract data from an HTML page.
Its first implementation was used in a plugin for PlayOn. It was written in the programming language LUA.
Let's start with a simple example. Assume there is a page at URL _URL_ which contains the following link:
Surfing on the beach
We can extract the URL and the title using the following LUA code:
local page = GetURL("_URL_
local harvester = newHarvester("{value title}")
local data = harvester.harvest(page)
VideoResource(data.title, data.url, …etc)
What did we do? First, we created a harvester based on a pattern that describes the values we are looking for and where in the file they are located. The pattern contains the literal strings that we expect to find in the file as well as two {value} tokens that represent the values to be extracted. Then we used the harvester to "harvest" the values into a table we called data. The names of the fields in the table (url and title) match the names in the {value} tokens.
Note: The VideoResource() call adds a selectable item to PlayOn.
The example above is very simple and you could achieve the same result with a couple of str_get_between() calls. But Harvester is much more powerful, so let's look at a more realistic example. Assume that the file does not contain just one link but many links. And assume we're interested only in the links that are inside a specific HTML table. We would use the following pattern to create the harvester. Note that I make use of the LUA delimiters [[ and ]] which allow me to create a pattern string that spans several lines:
local harvester = newHarvester( [[

 {group videotable}

 {repeat video}
]] )
The LUA code to extract the data from the file would look like:
local data = harvester.harvest(page)
and the data variable would contain the following fields:
data.videotable.video[1].title='MAX Geheugentrainer'
data.videotable.video[2].title='Missie MAX'
data.videotable.video[3].title='Nederland in Beweging!'
data.videotable.video[4].title='NOS Jeugdjournaal met gebarentolk'
As you can see, the structure of data matches the structure of the pattern. If a {repeat} is nested inside a {group}, it becomes a sub-field of the group's field.
Harvester Language Overview
A Harvester pattern consists of strings and tokens.
A token is a piece of text enclosed in the token delimiter characters, which are by default { and }. For example:
{repeat videodata}
Valid tokens are {value}, {group} … {/group}, {repeat} … {/repeat}, {delim..} and {* … *}, as well as the special token {param}. They are explained in detail below.
A string is any piece of text that that you expect to encounter literally in the page being harvested. It cannot contain any tokens, except the special tokens.
Basic tokens
{value name}
The purpose of Harvester is to extract data from the file that is being harvested. This is done using the {value} token. The result contains an element whose name will be name.
{group name} … {/group}
A group describes a section of the harvested page. The first element within the group must be a string, which determines the start of the group. If the last element is also a string, it determines the end of the group. If the first string is not found in the harvested file, the group is deemed absent and the corresponding value in the result is nil.
{group videotable}

 {*... etc.. *}
{repeat name} … {/repeat}
A repeating group is very similar to a group, but it may exist more than once in the harvested file. The resulting value in the result will be a table with as many entries as occurrences were found.
{repeat video}
 "
durationSecs":{"$":}
If there is HTML further down in the file, you can reset the delimiters using
{* … *}
Sometimes it is useful to include comments in a pattern. Comments are ignored and serve only as documentation.
For example:
{* If there is more than one page, there is a page selector at the top of each page *}
{group pageselect}
Strings and special tokens
A string contains regular text (including blanks) but may also contain the "special" tokens described in this section. These special tokens are considered part of the string they are adjacent to. For example, the following pattern consists of a single string:
{param vname}
All other tokens, including comments, have the same effect as a newline, i.e. they terminate the string that precedes them.
Note that newlines in the input text cannot be matched explicitly.
{param name}
This special token allows you to insert a value into the pattern at runtime. This makes it possible to reuse a pattern, or to adapt it to input collected during harvesting. For example:
{group my}
 {param scriptId}
 {* etc... *}
The parameter value must be set before the harvest() function is called:
harvester.setparam("scriptId", "MYSCRIPT");
data = harvester.harvest(page)
In this case, the begin string of the group is MYSCRIPT
{{.. }} (pattern match)
Simple strings only allow you to match fixed data. If you want to use LUA's pattern matching facilities, enclose a LUA pattern in double token delimiters. If your pattern contains "}}", make sure to escape it using the"%" character (i.e. replace "}}" with "%}%}" )..
For example, the following string will match any hyperlink whose URL is numeric:
In patterns, newlines separate strings and tokens and are therefore significant in the pattern. They basically act as wildcards (i.e. don't care). As an example, consider the following input file:
Today's news watch now
The following pattern will not find a match (because there is a blank between and {* whatever *}{**}


text:
Scrabble word: DYSPEPSIA
In which Scrabble dictionary does DYSPEPSIA exist?
Definitions of DYSPEPSIA in dictionaries:
- noun - a disorder of digestive function characterized by discomfort or heartburn or nausea
- Disturbed digestion; indigestion.
There are 9 letters in DYSPEPSIA: A D E I P P S S Y
Scrabble words that can be created with an extra letter added to DYSPEPSIA
All anagrams that could be made from letters of word DYSPEPSIA plus a wildcard: DYSPEPSIA?
Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word DYSPEPSIA
9 letter words
7 letter words
6 letter words
5 letter words
4 letter words
3 letter words
2 letter words
Images for DYSPEPSIA
SCRABBLE is the registered trademark of Hasbro and J.W. Spear & Sons Limited. Our scrabble word finder and scrabble cheat word builder is not associated with the Scrabble brand - we merely provide help for players of the official Scrabble game. All intellectual property rights to the game are owned by respective owners in the U.S.A and Canada and the rest of the world. Anagrammer.com is not affiliated with Scrabble. This site is an educational tool and resource for Scrabble & Words With Friends players.


text:
Industrial designer Jeremiah Welch ('08) helped build a telepharmacy system that could reduce costs and improve safety
Story by Elaine Porterfield
If a movie director put out a casting call for someone embodying the Pacific Northwest, it would probably be Jerimiah Welch: rock climber, kayaker and, naturally, high-tech entrepreneur improving the lives of people everywhere.
Welch ('08, Industrial Design) has been developing a virtual telepharmacy system based on digital cameras and computers that allows smaller hospitals to share the vital services of pharmacists and bigger hospitals to reduce medication errors and save money.
It's the first time Welch, director of the New Market Design Lab in Bellingham, has ever been involved in the medical field, but he's finding it intriguing. He's working with client Envision Telepharmacy, based in Texas.
"What my client is doing is creating a system that runs over the Internet that allows smaller hospitals to either share a pharmacist or allows pharmacists to do emergency late-night calls from a home office," he says. "Before telepharmacy, rural (hospitals) couldn't afford pharmacists 24/7 - that means having a minimum of five pharmacists on staff."
So instead of pharmacists, nurses would often double-check the work of a pharmacy technician, Welch says.
While licensed pharmacists have expertise in medications and their safety, nurses have variable levels of training in medications. Pediatric, intravenous and critical care medications can be especially complicated. In addition, unusual medications can pose risks for medical workers who handle them inappropriately.
And then there is the risk of medication errors, sometimes even fatal ones. This fall researchers from the University of California at Davis and the University of Utah medical schools found about 30 percent of patients in rural hospitals faced one or more errors in medications ordered after hours.
"Telepharmacy prevents those situations," Welch says. "It makes it a lot easier to double-check something and easier to verify something is correctly made. It makes medicine safer."
The use of the system also can make health care cheaper, because it can help pharmacists use their time more effectively, Welch says. For example, drug compounding – making unique drugs for patients – is done in sterile rooms, and typically requires a pharmacist to gown up before entering to check a technician's work. But with a telepharmacy camera and computer link, a pharmacist can supervise medications from a computer station anywhere.
"A pharmacist's time costs about $1 a minute, including when they get dressed and undressed to go into a clean room," Welch says. "Now they don't have to do that. There's a lot of interest in this in places that compound drugs as well as at major city hospitals."
The most gratifying part of developing a telepharmacy program is how it improves medical care overall, he says.
"I feel like it's making a huge impact, even though telepharmacy is still pretty young," he says. "It will save billions for the medical system. And it's already caught quite a few medication errors that would have killed people. That's pretty cool."
WWU Industrial Design Associate Professor Jason Morris says he's not surprised Welch was tapped for such a major project relatively early in his career. "He is one of the most hardworking students I've ever had, and you could see the time he put in on all of his projects. He's just got this combination of talent and also of being very organized."
This fall, Welch began another phase of his association with Western: that of teacher. He is teaching an introductory course in design engineering and an upper-level class on materials for design. One of Welch's former interns from Western, Anders Mavis ('10, Industrial Design), says he's sure to be an outstanding instructor.
"The guy is awesome, truly," says Mavis, who now works in outdoor product design for a firm in Boulder, Colo. "He really taught me the skills I needed to survive in the design industry, from understanding relationships in the workplace to acting like a professional. On the design side, he taught me so much from conception to reality and how to work as a team that actually produces something. You don't always understand what it takes to produce something on a large scale. He gave me good insight on that process, and it really prepared me for the real world."
Elaine Porterfield ('83, English) earned a master's degree in Journalism from Northwestern University. When she's not writing for numerous media outlets, she enjoys Bikram yoga, skiing and running as well as watching her 12-year-old daughter Morgan compete in swimming.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a collection of notes on my iPad, written using a markdown editor/viewer (trunk notes) that does not understand latex, but does display greek. Is there a simple way to convert the greek letters (e.g. convert the UTF-8 symbol 0xCEB1, α) to their latex equivalents (\alpha)? I am using pandoc for the conversion, which is pasting a LaTeX header onto the output before conversion to TeX or ConTeXt.
share|improve this question
Do you need them also in text or only in math? – egreg Jun 21 '12 at 14:38
Both. I'm placing some short notes inline, and putting longer equations in center /center tags. The app doesn't understand latex, so I am displaying it as HTML on the iPad, but would like to translate the notes to LaTex on my computer. One path is markdown->html->pdf, but that is rather ugly. – Bill Jun 25 '12 at 2:51
3 Answers 3
In ConTeXt (both MkIV and MkII with utf-8 encoding), Greek letters work out of the box in text and math mode. (You need a text font with Greek letters)
α $α$
With MkIV, Unicode characters behave like ASCII characters, so $\hat α$ is same as $\hat {α}$. In MkII, you need to use the latter form.
share|improve this answer
I use the following code to make unicode symbols work both as normal text and in mathmode. But then xelatex is needed to compile it:
\def\textalpha{α} \catcode'\α=\active \defα{\relax\ifmmode \alpha \else \textalpha \fi}
Also you need some suitable font, STIX works for me.
If you want to actually replace the unicode characters in the source code, that is a different issue. I don't know what kind of tools are available in your environment. I would compile a list of replacements like α \alpha and then write a small script that executes those in order. E.g. there is the replace utility on linux which does one such replacement.
share|improve this answer
I'll take a look at xelatex. Thanks – Bill Jun 21 '12 at 11:54
\usepackage{newunicodechar} and then \newunicodechar{α}{\ifmmode\alpha\else α\fi} is easier. :) However, with unicode-math and XITS Math as math font (also with other fonts, I believe) it works out of the box. – egreg Jun 21 '12 at 14:34
_USER_: Thanks for the hint. Of course as I only have to do this once in some custom package, it is not really an effort. Still having it work out of the box would be great. I actually did this when unicode-math didn't work properly yet. Also, pmav99 uses the xgreek package, is that necessary? – canaaerus Jun 21 '12 at 14:42
No it is not. I just copy pasted...! I'll remove it. – pmav99 Jun 21 '12 at 14:50
Expanding Canaaerus answer In xelatex, package unicode-math allows you to use greek characters in math-mode. Check the following minimum example.
% font selection for normal text
% Packages needed for mathematics
% Fonts
\setmainfont[Mapping=tex-text]{Linux Libertine O}
\setmathfont{XITS Math}
 a = α + b + β^2_i
For more info (in greek) look here
The fonts that you may use are the following ones (they must be installed in your OS' standard font folder)
 - Asana-Math. Free font created by Apostolos Syropoulos.
 - Stix
 - Xits, fork of Stix
 - Neo Euler
 - Latin Modern Math, OpenType version of the classic TeX font.
 - Cambria Math. Proprietary font, distributed with Microsoft software (e.g. MS Office)
Note though that a and \alpha are different symbols! If you want to convert α to athen the previous approach cannot be used. If that is what you need, then it shouldn't be too difficult to write a script (e.g. in perl or python) that would parse your notes and make the replacements.
share|improve this answer
Your links to Stix and Xits do not work. Maybe you mean _URL_ and ctan.org/pkg/xits? – canaaerus Jun 21 '12 at 14:55
Thank you. I was copy-pasting that too. I will fix them. – pmav99 Jun 21 '12 at 14:57
Do greek letters also work in text mode with lualatex/fontspec/unicode-math? – Aditya Jun 21 '12 at 15:03
_USER_ I am not really sure. In principle, I believe they should but I am not a LuaLaTeX user. I am mostly interested in multilingual texts. Last time I tried, LuaLaTeX had some problems with greek, so I haven't spend time with it. – pmav99 Jun 21 '12 at 15:57
Your Answer