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Banwari Trace in Trinidad
The Oldest Site in the West Indies!
Issued: 18th March 2004
In November 1969, the Trinidad and Tobago Historical Society discovered the remains of a human skeleton at Banwari Trace. Lying on its left-hand side, in a typical Amerindian "crouched" burial position along a northwest axis, Banwari Man (as it is now commonly called) was found 20-cm below the surface.
This important archaeological site at Banwari Trace in Southwest Trinidad was recently featured in World Monument Watch 2004, an internationally acclaimed magazine that highlights the world's 100 most endangered sites. Dr. Basil Reid, Head of The University of the West Indies Archaeology Centre and Lecturer in Archaeology at UWI, recently wrote about the importance of this historical site to our cultural heritage and pre-Columbian history.
"Dated to about 5000 B.C. (years Before Christ) or 7000 B.P (years Before Present), it is the oldest pre-Columbian site in the West Indies. Banwari Trace sheds considerable light on the patterns of migration of Archaic (pre-ceramic) peoples from mainland South America to the Lesser Antilles via Trinidad between 5000 and 2000 B.C. The site provides rich insights into the lifeways of one of the earliest pre-Columbian settlers in the Caribbean. The Trace has also yielded human remains of Trinidad's oldest resident."
Dr. Reid explained that Banwari Trace's antiquity holds much significance for understanding the migratory patterns of Archaic peoples from South America into the Caribbean region. Also as the oldest Archaic site in the West Indies, Banwari Trace clearly indicates that southwest Trinidad was one of the first migratory "stops" for northward-bound Archaic settlers who eventually colonised several islands in the Caribbean archipelago.
Dr. Reid went on to detail the artifacts found at the site and their relevance. He stated that: " The Banwari Trace complex shows a highly distinctive cultural assemblage, typically consisting of artifacts made of stones and bones. Objects associated with hunting and fishing include bone projectile points, most likely used for tipping arrows and fish spears, beveled peccary teeth used as fishhooks, and bipointed pencil hooks of bone which were intended to be attached in the middle to a fishing-line…"
The 3,127.2-m² property on which the site is situated is now Government-owned, having being acquired from a private landowner in March 2000; while the skeletal remains of Banwari Man are presently in the custody of the Life Science Department, U.W.I., St. Augustine. Preserved with cellulose-in-acetone, the skeleton is in a secure environment and is very much available for future studies by a physical anthropologist.
"Banwari Trace, given its tremendous importance to the pre-Columbian history of Trinidad and Tobago and the wider Caribbean, requires that we commit significant financial and technical resources to its protection, preservation and professional research," Dr. Reid concluded.


2 Minutes That Can Save Your (Financial) Life
2 Minutes That Can Save Your (Financial) Life
No matter how challenging — or boring — it may seem to you, maintaining personal financial readiness is an imperative, not just for you as a young service member, but for the U.S. military.
Why does the state of your finances matter to the military?
First, Congress has laid out extensive new expectations and requirements for the financial education of service members, establishing troops' financial literacy and preparedness as a crucial priority for personnel management.
Second, the Department of Defense considers financial readiness to be an essential element of overall military readiness because it directly impacts a military family's strength by reducing stress and enables personnel to maintain security clearances required for mission readiness.
Related: How To Manage Your Finances As A Student Veteran »
Third, the harsh reality is that financial problems are very real for our nation's service members and their families. In a recent Blue Star Families survey, 40% of active-duty respondents said they felt financially insecure, and 87% of active-duty respondents expressed a desire for financial readiness training that is more specific to the needs of their family.
Finally, with the military's new blended retirement system phasing in over the next few years, maintaining personal financial readiness is becoming an even more daunting prospect for service members not sure where to go to get smart with the minimum amount of effort.
The military will do its part with mandated training efforts, but nonprofit resources also exist to help you achieve personal financial readiness. I want to introduce one that I helped create, the Command Your Cash Microlearning Center, a new mobile-optimized tool that supports the financial education of service members.
This online program, launched in early October byThe USAA Educational Foundation, is specifically designed to educate military millennials and shape their financial futures. Lessons covered in the first phase of the program range from explaining how to keep debt from ruining your life, to how to live on a military paycheck and still get ahead.
The microlearning approach delivers short, precise content focused on changing a specific behavior. This allows today's military professional to understand the "why" and "how" of each financial readiness topic by presenting 1 – 2 minute videos. The videos are followed by quick knowledge checks and downloadable tools that can be personalized. The videos are engaging and many feature veterans who have been exactly where you are now. You can view the lessons in any order, enabling you to create a custom experience made up of material relevant to your needs and tailored to your learning style.
The microlearning center can also be used at the unit and command levels to provide managed guidance, either as a standalone curriculum, or as a component of a comprehensive lifecycle training program. Regardless of how you decide to use the material, the highly focused design of microlearning content delivered anywhere and at any time on mobile devices offers you a unique way to achieve financial readiness.
The military understands that the personal finances of its troops are an important issue. As a retired Air Force senior noncommissioned officer and learning and development professional, I've seen first hand that if you can't get your money management right, your military journey simply won't be as rewarding as it could be.
Do Not Sell My Personal Information


Committee on Assessment and Institutional Effectiveness
2016-2017: (9 Members)
Faculty Representatives (Name, Department, Term Ends)
 1. Linda Meltzer, Business (2019)
 2. Andrea Salis, Health, Physical Education & Dance (2019)
 3. Maurizio Santoro, Foreign Languages & Literatures (2019)
 4. Franca Ferrari-Bridgers, Speech Communication & Theatre Arts (2018)
 5. Joseph Goldenberg, Engineering Technology (2018)
 6. Mark Schiebe, English (2018)
 7. Changiz Alizadeh, Mathematics & Computer Science (2017)
 8. Georgina Colalillo, Nursing (2017)
 9. Sunil Dehipawala, Physics (2017)
Student Representatives
 1. Dominik Witowski
 2. JC Velasco
 1. David Sarno, Chemistry, COC Liaison
 2. Tammi Rothman, English, Steering Committee Designee
 3. Arthur Corradetti, President's Liaison
Section 11. Committee on Assessment and Institutional Effectiveness
The Committee on Assessment and Institutional Effectiveness shall consist of nine (9) members of the faculty and eligible staff, reflecting, where possible, a balanced representation of faculty from varied programs and curricula, with no more than one representative from any given department; and two (2) students.
The Committee on Assessment and Institutional Effectiveness shall:
 1. Receive and review summary reports describing initiatives to assess student learning from academic departments, academies, and academic programs of the college;
 2. Receive and review documents relating to assessments of institutional effectiveness from all non-academic units of the college;
 3. Make annual reports of progress in assessment of data collection, including:
 1. The receipt of assessment reports from each department/unit of the college;
 2. Courses/college units assessed from each department;
 3. Summary of Assessment data gathered from assessments;
 4. Any departmental conclusions drawn and/or actions taken as a result.
 4. Review assessment procedures the College undertakes and make recommendations concerning these assessment initiatives to the Academic Senate, in support of principles of shared governance, academic freedom and transparency.
Cultural Centers
image description
Kupferberg Holocaust Resource Center and Archives
image description
QPAC: Performing Arts Center
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QCC Art Gallery


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In 1484 two Dominican friars, Heinrich Kraemer and Johann Sprenger, induced Pope Innocent VIII to issue a bull authorizing them to extirpate witchcraft in Germany; and two years later these two mean published the Malleus Maleficarum (The Witches' Hammer), a work that became the authoritative encyclopaedia of demonology throughout Christendom. It was a synthesis of folk beliefs that had hitherto been manifested in local outbursts of witchfinding. Its authority lasted for nearly three centuries, during the time of the European witch mania.
The demonology that the Malleus enshrined became an established and systematized theory attributing witches' powers to their special links with the devil, especially their sexual relationships with him as incubus (embodiment in masculine form) if they were women or as succubis (embodiment in feminine form) if they were men. Though witches in other societies personify evil in general, in European history they became specifically identified as the earthly representatives of the Prince of Evil.
Encyclopædia Britannica, 15th Edition
Macropædia, Volume 25, Occultism, Pages 94 – 95

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
How do I keep track of my job search?
By creating a Standard or a Plus Account, you'll be able to easily track your job search activities that can be used as proof of your job search efforts.
- View your ongoing job search activities from your dashboard
- Favourite jobs you may apply to (including Canada Summer Jobs)
- Create job alerts to get daily updates on available jobs
You can also view, print or take a screenshot of your Job Search Activity Report anytime, and submit it to the Canada Revenue Agency if requested.
To find your Job Search Activity Report:
- Login to your Standard or Plus account on Job Bank.
- Click on "View all your activities" located on the right side of the page.
- How do I find apprentice jobs on Job Bank?
- How can I report a problem with an employer?
- How do I find green jobs on Job Bank?
- How can I find jobs on Job Bank?
- How do I find student jobs on Job Bank?
- How can I narrow down my job search?
- Why do I see jobs from other websites on Job Bank?
- Why does a job advertised on Job Bank have a different title than on an employer's website?
- How can I report a problem with a job posting?
- Why do my search results include job postings out of my area?
- What is a virtual job?
- What does it mean when a job posting shows "Remote work available"?
- What is an on the road job?
- How do I keep track of my job search?
- Date modified:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Why Size Matters: Feature Coding as Nystrom Sampling
TitleWhy Size Matters: Feature Coding as Nystrom Sampling
Publication TypeConference Paper
Year of Publication2013
AuthorsVinyals, O., Jia Y., & Darrell T.
Other Numbers3440
Recently, the computer vision and machine learning community has been in favor of feature extractionpipelines that rely on a coding step followed by a linear classifier, due to their overall simplicity,well understood properties of linear classifiers, and their computational efficiency. In this paper wepropose a novel view of this pipeline based on kernel methods and Nystr¨om sampling. In particular,we focus on the coding of a data point with a local representation based on a dictionary with fewerelements than the number of data points, and view it as an approximation to the actual functionthat would compute pair-wise similarity to all data points (often too many to compute in practice),followed by a Nystr¨om sampling step to select a subset of all data points.Furthermore, since bounds are known on the approximation power of Nystr¨om sampling as a functionof how many samples (i.e. dictionary size) we consider, we can derive bounds on the approximationof the exact (but expensive to compute) kernel matrix, and use it as a proxy to predictaccuracy as a function of the dictionary size, which has been observed to increase but also to saturateas we increase its size. This model may help explaining the positive effect of the codebook size[2, 7] and justifying the need to stack more layers (often referred to as deep learning), as flat modelsempirically saturate as we add more complexity.
Bibliographic Notes
Proceedings of International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2013), Scottsdale, Arizona
Abbreviated Authors
O. Vinyals, Y. Jia, and T. Darrell
ICSI Research Group
ICSI Publication Type
Article in conference proceedings


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(Blog post written by Michael Essenburg, Christian Academy in Japan)
Shortest answer: The "4 differences."
Short answer: At a Christ-centered school, students learn "different content" for a "different purpose" from "different people" in a "different environment."
(1) At a Christ-centered school, students learn "different content, skills, and values." They learn to…
- Understand Bible stories, the plan of salvation, and a biblical perspective of what they study.
- Apply a biblical perspective to what they study.
- Respect themselves and others as image bearers of God.
- Use their learning to serve God and others, and to take care of God's creation.
- Value and maintain spiritual, moral, physical, social, and emotional health.
(2) At a Christ-centered school, students learn for a "different purpose." They learn in order to impact the world for Christ. They learn in order to be Christ-like. The primary purpose of a Christ-centered school is not to help students get into college or get a job.
(3) At a Christ-centered school, students learn from "different people." They learn from God's people. People with new hearts who live for God. People who bear the fruit of the Spirit. People who are passionate about helping all students increase their understanding and application of a biblical perspective.
(4) At a Christ-centered school, students learn in a "different environment." A Christ-centered environment. An environment that is safe, healthy, and nurturing. An environment that is characterized by love, gratitude, trust, respect for differences, and high expectations.
What's on my heart? I'm passionate about helping students apply a biblical perspective to what they study. So one of my answers to "What happens at a Christ-centered school?" is: Students learn to apply a biblical perspective of what they study in every class so that they are equipped to impact the world for Christ. Students learn from teachers who are passionate about being Christ-like, helping students develop the mind of Christ, and cultivating a Christ-centered environment.
Please consider this question: "What's one thing you can do in the next five school days to help your students increase their proficiency in applying a biblical perspective to what they are studying in class?" After you consider this question, use your answer.


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Source of image
Table of contents
 1. Introduction
 2. Business Problem
 3. Mapping to Deep Learning Problem
 4. Data Overview
 5. EDA(Exploratory Data Analysis)
 6. Baseline Model
 7. First Cut Solution
 8. Model Explanation
 9. Best Model
 10. Conclusion
 11. Future Work
 12. References
1. Introduction
 - The need for computer vision in text detection and recognition from an image or video is getting very popular these days. Because the text is to reliably and effectively spread or acquire information across time and space.
 - This approach can be used for handwriting recognition, natural scene text detection and recognition, vehicle number detection and recognition, and many more. But multiple challenges may still be encountered when detecting and recognizing text in the scene.
2. Business Problem
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1. Business/Real-world Problem
1.1 Introduction
 - Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for beginners as well as professional enthusiast programmers.
 - It features questions and answers on a wide range of topics in programming and now it is not limited to programming alone but answers questions on a wide range of the spectrum.
 - The website serves as a platform for users to ask and answer questions, and, through membership and active participation, to vote questions and answers up or down and edit questions and answers. The better an answer, the higher the votes it gets, which also increase a user's reputation.
1.2 Problem statement
 - Given its popularity, until…
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Source of the image
What is Exploratory Data Analysis?
This article is to explain the exploratory data analysis on the corona virus dataset.
Corona virus has infected more than 7000 people…
Sumit Mishra
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Solar survey of the library site
Thorsten Chlupp of Reina Alaska has conducted a survey of the solar gain to be had at the librarybuilding site. The survey was submitted to the JTEL Board of Directors September 1, 2011. For the complete report, download the PDF below.
Summary and notes from the report:
This solar study was conducted with a Solmetric SunEye 210 at three independent site visits during different times in the afternoon and at different location on the lot to determine the annual solar gain. This is essential information we need for the passive and active design of the building and the solar system. The SunEye 210 is an integrated Shade Analysis Tool for solar site assessment. It includes a fisheye camera and a dedicated on-board processor and GPS system to perform digital image processing and analysis to compute shading and solar access percentages. It includes an electronic compass and inclinometer enabled to measure roof pitch and azimuth.
A proper site survey reveals the actual path of the sun across the sky during the entire year. Especially in our far north latitude and the resulting drastic change throughout the year of the suns angle on the horizon makes it important to take the various angles into close consideration in the design and placement of windows and solar panels.
The results on the actual building should be better due to the fact that the collectors will be mounted several feet higher than where the current measurements were taken. This will help to clear shading from the lower tiered trees which will shade the building some. However the window gains from the south will be lower and provide less solar input into the building in the darkest months – December and January are simply grim in Fairbanks.
My overall conclusion is that the site is definitely feasible for the proposed building and its renewable energy systems. It is not ideal, but has no major obstacles in the sun path.
Key to terms and abbreviations used in the study:
- Solar Access: The annual and seasonal solar access is shown in the Results panel. The seasonal month ranges, May-Oct and Nov-Apr, represent the common peak and off-peak rate seasons. Your local utility may use a different set of months.
- Solar Resource: Tilt Orientation Factor (TOF) and Total Solar Resource Fraction (TSRF) are used to compare the actual site characteristics to the optimal characteristics at that site. TOF and TSRF can only be displayed when the NREL – TMY3 weather model is selected (US only).
- Windowed Access: Calculates solar access only within a window of time in months and time of day. The user specifies the months and time window and solar access is calculated only for that window. Note that the insolation both with and without shading is windowed, so if there is no shading within the defined window, then the Windowed Access would be 100%, even if there is shading outside the window.


Vital Statistics:
Place of Origin: France
Group: Scenthound
Height: males 22-23 in., females 21-22 in.
Weight: 55-62 lbs.
Life span: n/a
Trainability: moderate
Good with children: yes
Good with other pets: yes with other dogs
What is the origin of the Porcelaine?
The Porcelaine is believed to be the oldest of all French hounds. Almost extinct during the French Revolution, Swiss breeders recovered the Porcelaine in 1845. The name Porcelaine is a reference to its shiny coat.
What does the Porcelaine look like?
The Porcelaine is an elegant looking dog, males are 22-23 inches tall, females 21-22 inches tall, weight is 55-62 lbs. The forehead is flat. The nose is black. Eyes are round and dark. Ears are thin, pointed and hanging. The tail is thick at the base tapering to a point. the coat is very short, fine and shiny. Color is bright white with orange markings especially on the ears. Occasional brushing is all the coat requires.
What is the temperament of the Porcelaine?
The Porcelaine is a serene dog at home. It has an independent nature and early positive obedience training will help avoid bad behavior. Porcelaines are friendly dogs, good with people, children and other dogs. They are not dogs suited to apartment living as they need space to run and hunt.
What is the Porcelaine used for?
The Porcelaine is used generally in packs for hunting all types of wild game. Porcelaines are very affectionate and make good family companions.
Possible Health Issues
No specific known health issues at present.
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Sensing changes in automated welding
Vision systems allow welding systems to adapt to variability
Can automated welding be a useful tool in the random world of fabricating, where material make-up is inconsistent and weld-prep results in non-aligned edges? With a vision system, automated welding indeed can be the right tool for the right application.
Automated welding systems have proven ideal for applications in which the same task is done repeatedly. The same can't be said for the many variations that occur in the real world of metal fabricating, however.
Inconsistencies in component dimensions, component positioning, joint alignment, edge preparation, metal chemistry, and surface conditions present substantial obstacles to basic machine welding that lacks sensory powers. Fortunately, adding sensors to the machines allows the torch head to adjust rapidly to the many variations found in metal fabrications.
Defining Automation and Sensors
A machine's automation level (see Sensing in Machine Welding sidebar) is a reflection of how it incorporates sensors. Some sensors make machines "smarter"—better able to cope autonomously with variation. Other sensors enable people to operate machines more effectively.
If the variation in a procedure can be predicted accurately and categorized to a very large degree, a sensor probably can be employed to allow the machine to detect that variation and adjust as necessary. The more irregular the variables, the more likely it is that a human is required to operate the machine. In such applications, sensors may be used to facilitate the operator's decision-making.
Commercial off-the-shelf sensor types include laser triangulation systems, machine vision cameras, welding cameras, thermographic cameras, process parameter monitors, arc sound detectors, and spectrophotometers. The first four tools fall under the category of vision sensors and have emerged as a proven way to boost quality efforts in welding applications.
However, metal fabricators should realize that not all vision-sensing products have proven themselves in the harsh world of welding. For example, variations in joint shape and metal reflectivity, as well as interference from arc emissions, can limit a sensor's accuracy and repeatability. Vision sensors for welding generally require a robust design to stand up to process smoke, spatter, and radiation that can disturb visibility (see Figure 1).
Focus on Laser Triangulation
Laser triangulation, or a 3-D sensor, relies on the principles of triangulation to rapidly and precisely derive the important characteristics of the feature to be measured or inspected. These sensors integrate a camera that uses either a charge-coupled device or complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology to create the digital images and a structured light source within a common housing. The sensor projects one or more precision-focused lines of laser light onto the feature surface below (see Figure 2).
The use of a laser to illuminate the feature ensures that measurements are not affected by changes in ambient lighting conditions. Where the laser line strikes a surface, it forms a contour line or profile of the feature. The sensor's integrated imager then views the contour line's shape and position within its high-resolution pixel array, and accurate Y (cross-profile) and Z (height) coordinates are derived through triangulation.
The 3-D sensor system uses dedicated processing and inspection algorithms to create electronic profiles from the raw sensor data, and then measurements are taken from the electronic profiles. Depending on the intended application, numerous limits or thresholds can be set and compared against the profile data. When thresholds are exceeded, alarm conditions are triggered, allowing prompt corrective action to be taken.
The 3-D sensors are suitable for use with repetitive, highly automated fusion welding processes, including gas metal arc, gas tungsten arc, submerged arc, laser beam, and hybrid welding. They also occasionally are used in friction stir welding.
When located in front of the welding torch, 3-D sensors are used for horizontal seam tracking and vertical torch height control. Measurements of key joint parameters are made and sent to the machine controller to help keep the torch in the correct position for welding regardless of changes in the joint's position. The 3-D sensor also may be used to measure joint geometry prior to welding to ensure correct fit-up and for adaptive control of weld parameters or weave profile based on changes in the joint gap or volume.
The 3-D sensors also may be positioned behind the weld process for postweld inspection of the weld. Given the triangulation sensor's ability to work in three dimensions, it can measure weld bead height and width as well as defects, such as concavity or convexity in the weld bead, undercut, porosity, burn-through, and missing welds.
Moving on to Machine Vision Cameras
Machine vision cameras, commonly found in many manufacturing processes, send visual information to a computer for analysis. For welding applications, their use is restricted to preand postwelding inspection because they typically do not provide a meaningful image of the weld pool or adjust to the large variation in light between nonwelding and welding conditions. In-process visual monitoring of welding is accomplished with welding cameras.
In prewelding inspection, machine vision technologies are used to locate and identify joints or components for positioning purposes. A camera mounted to the top frame of a robotic cell can capture the preweld assembly shape for comparison to a reference shape, ensuring that components are in the correct position and clamps are locked before welding. A camera mounted near a torch-cleaning station of a robotic cell may be used to check and adjust the tool center point after cleaning and prior to the start of a weld.
Machine vision cameras also may be used for postweld inspection of the weld surface, such as for the verification of the completed weld. Compared to laser triangulation sensors, machine vision cameras have difficulty measuring height. However, machine vision cameras may be used to automate liquid penetrant or visual inspection. Grayscale image analysis is used to determine whether an indication is outside of specification. In comparison to the equivalent manual inspection technique, such technology may be used to record the inspection results permanently.
Working With Welding Cameras
In contrast to machine vision cameras, welding cameras are designed to provide a meaningful in-process image of welding. Through advances in sensor technology, welding cameras are capable of producing an image similar to that observed by a human eye through a welding helmet. The operator is provided with an image in which the weld pool and background are simultaneously clear. Welding cameras, as a result, serve as the operator's eyes where it's impossible, dangerous, or too costly for a human to observe the welding process directly.
Some of the mechanized welding applications these types of cameras are useful for include welding internal pipe seams, cladding internal pipes, welding in nuclear facilities, welding the sides of large ships and tanks, narrow gap welding, and orbital welding. The magnified view of the proc-ess also is useful in microwelding applications in which the welds are too small to be observed easily or as an operator's eyesight wanes.
A welding camera facilitates monitoring of the welding process, including the location of the torch relative to the joint, the position and melting behavior of the wire feed, and the arc shape, which serves as a broad indicator of processing performance.
A clear view of the weld pool from the front or back also allows an experienced operator to detect a number of defects (see Figure 3). For example, to eliminate lack of fusion defects, the operator must ensure that the joint edges are sufficiently melted and that the weld pool does not run ahead of the arc and fill the weld groove.
For many applications, the welding camera must also be able to provide a clear image when welding is not taking place. Prewelding, the image may be used for setting up the process. For instance, the image could be used to ensure that the electrode is correctly positioned relative to the weld seam and that the wire feed is correctly located. Postwelding, the image may be used for visual inspection of the top surface of the weld.
A digital image of the weld pool or weld seam also may be processed by a computer as part of an automated quality monitoring system, akin to machine vision. Such technology is currently available only as a commercial off-the-shelf sensor for laser welding. In laser welding applications, the welding camera is coaxial with the laser beam, and a computer analyzes the image. Weld pool width, length, keyhole diameter, and the keyhole position relative to the weld pool are determined and used to assess weld quality and process stability.
While the sensors discussed previously may be used for detection of many surface weld defects, the detection of subsurface defects requires different sensors and is usually carried out postwelding, typically by ultrasonic or X-ray inspection. However, in-process inspection of subsurface weld defects can be achieved with eddy current testing or infrared imaging, also known as thermography.
All objects emit electromagnetic radiation, which can be detected by an infrared camera. The amount of electromagnetic radiation emitted by an object increases with temperature, so a temperature profile of a solidifying weld can be determined from an infrared image. By identifying regions of inconsistent cooling or instability, thermography may be used as a real-time method for detecting subsurface defects such as lack of penetration.
Electromagnetic radiation from the arc and tungsten os known to interfere with the measurement of the base metal temperature, but methods have been developed to deal with this issue. Thermal imaging has been employed to monitor safety-critical welding applications found in the automotive and tube and pipe industries.
Sensing in Machine Welding
Welding automation can be broken down into three categories:
- Mechanized Welding. This requires operator intervention. Sensors give the operator an idea of a potential threat to weld quality and if adjustment of welding parameters is necessary. After a correction is made, the operator initiates the welding sequence once more. This type of automation is commonly seen in submerged arc welding applications.
- Automatic Welding. These systems typically are used for only a


Can you drink at 18 in Hawaii?
You must be at least 21 years to consume or possess alcohol in Hawaii. However, people who are age 18 are allowed to serve alcoholic beverages in a licensed establishment. Anyone working in a store can handle alcohol so long as a supervisor over 21 is present.
21 years
Read the full answer
Moreover, Is Hawaii strict on drinking age?
Not overly strict and not excessively lenient, the state of Hawaii's drinking age is typical; 21. You can purchase beer, wine, and liquor at almost any convenience, ABC, or grocery store, but make sure to make your purchases before 11:00pm, because most places stop selling after this witching hour.
Secondly, Can you walk around with alcohol in Hawaii?
Simply so, What states allow drinking at 18?
What is Hawaii's legal age?
16 years old
19 Related Question Answers Found
What is the drinking age in Hawaii 2020?
Can you get a job at 14 in Hawaii?
The minimum age one can work in Hawaii is 14. That's the same age that federal child labor laws generally set as the minimum working age.
Also Read Pourquoi blanchir pomme de terre?
What country is the drinking age 14?
What age is considered a minor in Hawaii?
Can a 15 year old date a 18 year old in Hawaii?
In Hawaii, the legal age of consent to have sex is 16 years old. However, there is a close in age exception that allows those who are 14 years or older to have sex with someone who is less than 5 years older. Thus, a 14 year old cannot have sex with a 19 year old unless they are married.
What country has the youngest drinking age?
What country can you drink at 14?
Is it illegal to walk around with alcohol?
But there are also laws about alcohol consumption, especially if you're interested in public consumption. Drinking in public places–including sidewalks, parks, stadiums, and beaches–is considered illegal in most jurisdictions in the U.S. Penalties range from hundreds of dollars in fines to jail time.
Can an 18 year old date a 15 year old in Nebraska?
Under Nebraska's laws, people age 18 years old and younger cannot be convicted of statutory rape. For example, a 17-year-old who has consensual sex with a 15-year-old cannot be convicted of sexual assault under Nebraska's laws.
Can you work at 14 in Hawaii?
Can you walk around Fredericksburg with alcohol?
Fredericksburg, Texas Located an hour and half west of Austin, Fredericksburg allows the consumption of beer and wine (sorry, no liquor) on the streets of its shopping district. Best time to visit: Take part in the town's German heritage celebration during Oktoberfest in early October.
Also Read How do you get on Restaurant Impossible?
Is it illegal for a 18 to date a 15 in Georgia?
In Georgia, there is a Romeo and Juliet exemption for consensual sex between a victim who is 14 or 15 years old and someone who is 18 or younger and no more than four years older than the victim.
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SEED PROCESSING LAB EQUIPMENTS
Seed Treater 6786
In Order to apply liquid fungicide and insecticide on the outer surface of the seeds, Seed Treater is used.SPECIAL FEATURES
- Uniform seed treatment.
- No damage of seed or untreated seed that reduces crop performance.
- sealed treatment of seeds eliminates operator chemical contact or wind blown exposure
- Seed treatment is either in the container, or on the seed.
- High pressure pump working on the principal of Electro Motive Force.
- Dosing quantity and frequency of dosing of chemical can be varied by simply turning respective knobs of the pump fitted on control panel.
- The seed mixing drum and pre-mix tank are made of stainless steel.
- The mixing drum rests on external bearings to facilitate cleaning.
- Capacity: 110-120 liters
- Mix and treat supply unit should have a built in product transfer function.
- Can transfer product directly from bulk drums or totes to the product storage tanks.
- Units can be configured with optional double shoot insert to allow sequential product application without tank mixing products.
- Capable of treating a full tandem load of seed (500 ) in ten minutes.
- All product transfer is done in a closed loop system reducing exposure
The Indosaw debearder ideal for research with difficult seeds and requirements for rapid cleaning of many samples. The debearder is used for preliminary treatment of wheat, barley and oats. It removes awns, beards, glumes and other appendages that make them difficult to handle in processing. It is suitable for removing clusters in tomato seeds, dehusking of carrot seeds, etc. Consists of low speed spindle with brushes in a closed housing feeding hopper with regulated gate and discharge spout.SPECIFICATIONS :
- Capacity : 100 Kg/Hrs (on wheat basis)
- Operating Voltage : 220V Single Phase/50 Hz AC
- Blower Motor : 1 HP, Single Phase, 2810 rpm
Indent Cylinder Separator 6844
The laboratory indent cylinder separator is used for length sizing and features one interchangeable cylinder, variable speed cylinder drive and two collection trays. The equipment is supplied with one cylinder. The equipment is rated at 100 kg (approx.) per hour continuous cleaning capacity based on wheat. The cylinder is 40 cm(approx.) in diameter and 50 cm(approx.) long.SPECIFICATIONS :
- Construction : CNC machining for fabrication of all metal component.
- Dimensions with stand : 144 cm H x 68 cm W x 107 cm D ( approx.)
- Cleaning capacity : 100 kg/h (based on wheat)
- Cylinder size : 40 cm (Diameter) x 50 cm(Length)
- Operating Voltage : 220V,50Hz Single phase AC
- Motor for cylinder : 90W, 3Phase (Built in AC drive)
Gravity Separator Lab Model 6838SPECIFICATIONS :
- Gravity Separator separates seeds into different fractions
on the basis of specific gravity of the material.
- Cleaning Capacity :100 kg/h (wheat basis)
- Deck is Interchangeable.
Seed Treater Model 67001EM
This machine is with a sturdy stand, with its rotating mixing drum operated by motor as well as manually by virtue of a manual drive, when there is a power cut,gives you an unparalleled advantage of working without a break and effectively giving a perfect treatment to the seeds be it dry powder or wet chemicals. The rotating drum made of stainless steel makes it resistant to corrosive nature of treatment chemicals.SPECIFICATIONS:
- Capacity: 60 kg/batch
- Motor: 0.5 to 1 HP Single Phase 220V AC 50 Hz / Manual drive
- Construction: Heavy duty angle frame with thick Stainless steel rotating drum having fins for effective mixing and removing the treated seeds.
- Stand: Mild Steel having heavy duty angle iron with motor mounting and 2 pulleys and belt to run on electricity and rotating handle to operate manually.
- Over all Dimensions: 125cmX60cmX150cm (Length x Width X Height) approx


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Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Yates' correction for continuity, or Yates' chi-square test, adjusts the formula for Pearson's chi-square test by subtracting 0.5 from the difference between each observed value and its expected value in a 2 × 2 contingency table. This reduces the chi-square value obtained and thus increases its p-value. It prevents overestimation of statistical significance for small data. This formula is chiefly used when at least one cell of the table has an expected frequency less than 5.
Other sources say that this correction should be used when the expected frequency is less than 10.
Yet other sources say that Yates corrections should always be applied.
Yates, F (1934). Contingency table involving small numbers and the χ2 test. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (Supplement) 1: 217-235.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


SAM - Structured Atom Model
Book Cover
SAM is a revolutionary new model for the atom. The model provides a clean slate approach about a new beginning—not limited to our knowledge about the atom—leading to new insights. In SAM the nucleus has a fixed structure consisting of protons kept together by inner electrons. The neutron is no longer a fundamental particle but is a proton–electron pair. Structure follows the principle of spherically dense packing. Recurring substructures—called endings and nuclets—emerge, defining the setup of the nuclei of the elements. For the first time, real insight is provided explaining why elements have the properties they reveal through observation. The reason for the asymmetric breakup of fissionable isotopes is revealed as well as a potential breakthrough explaining Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR). Those are just some of many explanations SAM provides for previously unexplained observations. A new numbering system for the elements, based on the number of deuterons in the nucleus, leads to a new periodic table and predicts currently missing elements—most of them unstable … but not all.
All of this will be revealed in an upcoming book from the SAM team, published by Curtis Press.


What do we mean when we say performance?
As soon as you thought the meaning of a word like "performance" was pretty straight-forward and easy, you talk to someone at CloudShare and we say "well, what do you mean?"
We find that sometimes users confuse which type of performance they would like to investigate. For example, if you are streaming a movie on your local machine and RDPing into your CloudShare Virtual Machine, the performance of the RDP connection might be jeopardized. From your point of view, however, it might look as though the performance of the machine is poor because there is a delay when you click the "Start" menu.
It's true. The Cloud makes talking about machine performance a bit more complicated. The reason for this is that performance in the cloud can mean many things. So what does "Performance" mean to CloudShare?
In the CloudShare Pro Plus product we break performance into the following eight categories:
1.) Performance of the SaaS application. This is Use.CloudShare.com. How fast can you login? When you click a button, how long does the request take?
2.) Performance of the IaaS. This is where a lot of CloudShare magic is – the provisioning of virtual machines, the movement of resources, and shareing. How fast do we create the virtual machines? How well do the bare-metal servers perform?
3.) Performance of the RDP/Console/SSH connection. This is where you spend most of your time interacting with your virtual machines. How well is the accelerated RDP running? Is there latency?
4.) Performance of the virtual machines. We control part of this with the performance of the IaaS, but you can control how you allocate resources on your machine, and what you have running on them.
5.) Performance of the web on the virtual machines. When you access the Internet from your virtual machine what is your up/down speed? Funny story about this, in some countries, performance of RDP is so good that the users have a better Internet experience browsing the web on their VMs, versus locally. Cool, huh?!
6.) Performance of Resume. This is the one you think about most. How quickly do your virtual machines become ready? This performance is now counted on a per-machine level and is highly depedent on the size of your virtual machines. The more memory and disk a machine has, the longer the resume.
7.) Performance of Snapshot. When you take a snapshot. How long does it take? This, like resume performance, is dependent on the size of your virtual machine, but also dependent on the difference of your live virtual machines from the last snapshot you took. The smaller the difference, the less time.
8.) Performance of Web Access. This is one of the most popular features for sharing what you built within CloudShare with outside users and prospects, without giving them access to the machines themselves. This performance measures how long the web requests from the user takes to be routed to your web server, and return results. Part of this is on us, part on you. If your server is not performing well because of low resource allocation, the web pages will be served up slower.
Does your brain hurt?
When dissecting questions on performance, any of the 8 categories above play a role. Clearly, performance of a snapshot is only a question when taking a snapshot. And performance of web access only if you actually use web access.
Performance of the IaaS seems like a magical, ethereal thing. It's the performance of those big metal boxes located somewhere in the world. This is an area in which CloudShare makes regular efforts to further improve performance, and something that is completely out of your hands, unlike the other factors.
I hope I haven't put you to sleep. This lesson on performance is intended to help you when working in your CloudShare environment to know how to be most productive. We want to help you understand why when you contact us to ask about performance, we follow up with, "what do you mean by performance?" We are digging deeper into your questions in order to give you the best service possible.
This post was brought to you by the letter "P."


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Unusual interactions over physical matter through the magnetic plasmatic fields of Iron
In the present times, in formal education systems around the world, the fundamental idea of the field is being taught in a very incomplete way, which is limited to physicality. Thus, in classical/nowadays physics, the idea of fields defines a region in space in which every point has a determined measure/ unit associated with it.
In the modern framework of quantum field theory, a field occupies a space, contains energy, and its presence hinders a classic "true vacuum". In classical physics the field is a form of matter, through which the interaction between particles takes place. A particle creates a field around itself and a field interacts over another particle.
With a much higher understanding, in Plasma Science, the field represents a plasmatic reality which defines a certain plasmatic condition of the space in which that field is manifested. Plasmatic interactions take place through the fields. The manifestations of magnetic plasmatic fields can be situated on different energy levels, much higher than the ones of the physical matter (or physicality, as it is known in Plasma Science).
This is why only a part of these phenomena is visible or measurable in current physics, which only accepts and studies the limited area of matter state. Magnetic phenomena (as we know from the physicality) are only a particular manifestation of the plasmatic magnetic fields at the strength of the physicality.
Although this is a different approach than the one of modern physics, it is perfectly applicable, with objective results. This brings it an exceptional value; this is why it needs to be approached without any prejudice and with an open mind.
Practical results of Plasma Science prove, for example, the existence of fields that can magnetize any kind of physical object. In the experiments that were shown since 2008 (Keshe, 2008), Mr. Keshe proved the existence of a form of ferromagnetism with visible manifestation in the case of a simple piece of plastic.
Ferromagnetism is the most frequent and powerful type of magnetism in physicality. According to modern science, in normal conditions, only some of the metals have ferromagnetic properties: iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys. These metals can be either attracted by magnets or they can become permanent magnets by magnetizing them. Other substances react very weakly to the action of the magnetic fields of physicality, under the action of two other forms of magnetism, such as Para magnetism and diamagnetism, but the forces that are manifested in this case are almost unnoticeable/insensible. (Wikipedia, 2019)
As we know, through the interaction of galvanized iron and nano-coated copper we can create the CH 3 GaNS. By creating a certain plasmatic condition, the CH 3 GaNS can be reduced to Deuterium (H 2 ) GaNS. Another procedure of creating Deuterium GaNS is to reduce the CH 3 GaNS to CH 2 GaNS. The resulted GaNS will have a connection with the Iron which is used in the GaNS reactor. Magnetical and Gravitational fields of Deuterium GaNS that was produced by this method have a specific composition, being connected to the fields of the Iron. Thus, they carry the behavior of the Iron. This means that Deuterium will react similarly to the Iron in the presence of a magnet. What we need to understand is that this transfer of ferromagnetic properties is mediated by magnetic plasma fields. For the modern science it is difficult to overcome the strictly limited vision/understanding which links ferromagnetism only to aspects of physicality, such as the quantum mechanical spin. With all that, some very simple experiments can bring clarity upon the reality of the action of magnetic plasmatic fields over the magnetism of the physicality.
The CH 2 GaNS Reactor
One can start by setting up a very simple reactor for the creation of CH 2 GaNS. The setup of this reactor is a specific way to obtain CH 2 GaNS rapidly. For this, use 10% salt water. Inside this reactor place a nano-coated copper coil or plate. 12- 14 cm away place a double-metallic piece. This piece consists of a Zinc plate and an Iron plate (a very weak/low steel alloy) that are clean and have the same shape and size (Fig. 1).
One can obtain a single piece of metal by uniting tightly the two pieces of metal together. For this, we can use a few plastic cable ties – as in Fig. 2.
Then, connect the Nano-coated copper coil/plate to the negative (-) pole of a DC power source and the double-metallic piece to the positive (+) pole of the DC power source – as depicted in Fig. 3. One can use a copper wire to make the connections.
Subsequently, power up the GaNS reactor with a DC current of 1-1.2V and 80-150mA.
You will notice that this reactor (Fig. 4) produces ZnO GaNS in the first few days, sometimes in very large quantities. Then, the ZnO GaNS production will turn into a black GaNS. This is the CH 2 GaNS. We collect it separately and we store it in a hermetically sealed glass jar.
To further explain, there are several processes in this GaNS reactor:
1. The Nano-coated copper and zinc produce the ZnO GaNS;
2. The Nano-coated copper and iron creates the CH 2 GaNS. This phenomenon occurs due to the water electrolysis, which lead to the formation of hydroxyl ions HO ̄ near the cathode (the Nano-coated copper). Having a high affinity to hydrogen, they capture hydrogen for the formation of the CH 3 GaNS. Then, in this reactor, the CH 2 GaNS gets created.
3. The ZnO GaNS formed in the CH 2 GaNS reactor, gradually shifts to the strength of the CH 2 GaNS.
The CH 2 GaNS Reduction
Use a glass container and set up a CO 2 GaNS reactor in it. Inside this glass container, in its lower part, place a nano-copper coil/plate and a zinc coil/plate, connected through an LED.
WARNING! For hanging these metal parts inside the reactor, use only glass hangers fixed to the inner walls of the reactor.
They can be made with the help of a glass blower. Inside the glass container, on top of the nanocoated copper and zinc coils/plates, place a smaller container with a wide opening. This container is also made of glass and it contains the previously obtained CH 2 GaNS. Similarly, the stand for it needs to be made only of glass. Hermetically seal the big glass container with a glass cover and silicone. Use the silicone on the outer side of the container, only.
Inside this glass container, in the interaction between the nano-coated copper and zinc coils/ plates, the Carbon field is created. This behaves as a magnet for the Carbon inside the CH2 GaNS structure. In the smaller glass container above the CO2 GaNS reactor, one obtains the Deuterium GaNS.
Plasmatic reduction using a magnet
Collect the Deuterium GaNS that was produced, which has a black color. Get a ping-pong ball and fill it with this liquid Deuterium GaNS (using a syringe). Then hermetically seal the ball and place it between the North and South poles of two magnets, which will generate a powerful process of energy extraction, after which the Deuterium will lose an atom of Hydrogen and hence the difference between the Deuterium and the extracted Hydrogen is one neutron. This is one way to obtain the plasma of a neutron. This process may take several weeks. You will notice that the liquid from the Deuterium GaNS container disappears/reduces. The ball will be almost empty, with small traces of Deuterium GaNS on its inner side.
Ferromagnetic phenomena induced through the plasma fields of Deuterium
When you take a few small sized neodymium magnets you can notice that the empty (Deuterium) ball has ferromagnetic properties as it gets attracted by the neodymium magnets. The ball is attracted by both poles of the magnets, same as a piece of Iron. One can observe that over time, the ferromagnetic properties of the ball become more and more powerful. In my experiment, I surprisingly noticed that one can use this ball to lift more than 100g of magnets that get tightly stuck to the ball. This phenomenon can not be explained though the assumption that inside the ball, some ferromagnetic powder resulting from the drying the GaNS of Deuterium, has remained. Simply, the dry material that remains inside the ball, on its inner walls, is in a small amount. In modern science no ferromagnetic material is known to exhibit such a force of attraction.
We can observe an amazing phenomenon by cutting this ball in two halves. It will instantly lose all its ferromagnetic properties. This proves to us, without any doubt, that the observed phenomenon is not caused by any alleged ferromagnetic powder remaining inside the ball. Its ferromagnetism is caused by powerful plasmatic magnetic fields captured inside the ball. The source of these powerful plasmatic magnetic fields can be the fields of the plasmatic neutron inside the ping-pong ball.
Another way to experiment
Get a piece of wood of the length of 5-10 cm. Then fill in a small glass bottle


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Definition of yearn :
1. To be filled with longing desire; to be harassed or rendered uneasy with longing, or feeling the want of a thing; to strain with emotions of affection or tenderness; to long; to be eager.
2. To be pained or distressed; to grieve; to mourn.
3. To curdle, as milk.
4. To pain; to grieve; to vex.
droop, hanker after, fade, have a yen for, be passionate, ache, sympathize, feel, smart, be ardent, fret, aspire to, be eager for, be fervent, try, mourn, be desirous of, pant, yen, languish, pity, hurt, wish for, pine away, waste, suffer, thirst for, chafe, long for, compassionate, commiserate, grieve, hone, hunger for
desire (part of speech: verb)
hope (part of speech: verb)
envy (part of speech: verb)
- And of those who have ceased to submit themselves to the Bible, the larger number are still infected with its nonnatural spirit; having renounced one set of irrational marvels, they yearn more or less consciously for another to replace it.
- By this creative power they shall come to understand how I, their heavenly Father, love them, and yearn over them, and by their dependence as children upon their parents they shall learn to depend upon and trust me. - "Almost A Man", Mary Wood-Allen.
- I never yearned for a soul as I yearn for hers! - "Susanna and Sue", Kate Douglas Wiggin.


Biochemical composition of red, green and brown seaweeds on the Swedish west coast
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2020
Seaweed biomass has the potential to become an important raw material for bio-based production. The aim of this study was to screen the overall composition of several seaweed species on the Swedish west coast, including some scarcely studied species, to provide fundamentals for evaluation of biorefining potential and to benchmark with already potentially industrially relevant species and commercially important land-based biomasses. Twenty-two common seaweed species (green, red, brown) were collected and the carbohydrate, ash, protein, water and metal contents were measured. Carbohydrate content varied between 237 and 557 g kg−1 dry weight (dw), making it the largest constituent, on a dry weight basis, of most species in the study. Ash, which is considered unwanted in biorefining, ranged between 118 and 419 g kg−1 dw and was the largest constituent in several seaweeds, which were therefore considered unsuitable for biorefining. Protein content was most abundant in the red seaweeds but was generally low in all species (59–201 g kg−1 dw). High contents of several unwanted metals for processing or human consumption were found (e.g. aluminium, arsenic, copper, chromium and nickel), which need to be considered when utilizing seaweeds for certain applications. Potential targets for further biorefinery development mostly include species already known for their potential (Saccharina latissima, Laminaria digitata and Chondrus crispus) while some, such as Halidrys siliquosa and Dilsea carnosa, have not been previously noted. However, more detailed studies are required to explore biorefinery processes for these seaweeds, as well as how to potentially cultivate them.
Biochemical composition
Water content
Joakim Olsson
Chalmers, Biologi och bioteknik, Industriell bioteknik
Gunilla B. Toth
Göteborgs universitet
Eva Albers
Chalmers, Biologi och bioteknik, Industriell bioteknik
Journal of Applied Phycology
0921-8971 (ISSN) _PHONE_ (eISSN)
Vol. 32 5 3305-3317
Annan biologi
Mer information
Senast uppdaterat


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IPC-IG Releases One-Pager on Inclusive and Sustainable Development
February 2011: The International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG) has published a one-pager on inclusive and sustainable development, authored by Leisa Perch, Coordinator of the Rural and Sustainable Development Cluster.
The document argues that "greener" or "cleaner" has not always meant more sustainable, and underlines the need for defining what "green" means, particularly in a socially sustainable context. It highlights that: most countries are still struggling to balance social and sustainable development; and structural features at the level of the nation State, such as high inequality in income levels, are shaping climate risk and vulnerability. The author states that, while inclusive and sustainable development requires dedicated funding for multi-focused actions, less than 5% of existing climate finance is targeted to these type of interventions. She further notes that poverty, gender and ethnicity factors are not consistently recognized in the National Adaptation Plans of Action (NAPAs) as influencing vulnerability and adaptive capacity. The brief also underscores that, on mitigation, questions have been raised regarding the consultation of, and participation by, the poor in the benefits derived, as well as on the development effectiveness of some technology transfers.
The IPC-IG is a partnership between the UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the Government of Brazil. [Publication: Inclusive and Sustainable Development: For Whom?]


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Geospatial Data Applied to the Retail Sector
Geolocation intelligence is accurate contextual information about the location and movement of people around the world.
The potential that this type of data has in the context of business decision making in the retail sector is invaluable. It includes demographic information about the retail outlets themselves, nearby businesses, competitor insights, customers, suppliers, among others. With this data it is possible to know consumers in depth: who lives in a given area, what is their socioeconomic position, what type of housing they live in, what businesses they visit, at what times, on what days, what preferences and tastes they have, among others. This data can be complemented with sociodemographic details to deepen the analysis and provide a wealth of information about the populations.
For retailers, it provides the opportunity to better understand current and potential customers, providing a critical link to the consumer.
You may be interested in "How to measure pedestrian footfall with mobility data?"
Five of the main geolocation intelligence models in the retail sector are:
With dynamic map visualizations that reveal populations and demographic groupings to explore possible potential locations in the context of surrounding areas and traffic patterns, ideal catchment areas can be found in a location, further understanding the potential profitability of an area, broadening the scope to better understand granular traffic patterns.
Used to better serve customers in a given area. Analyzing demographics to find out if there is a specific type of population in a given area, providing an opportunity to cater to a particular niche market by adding specialized articles or media publications that target the same audience.
Geomarketing is another opportunity for retailers to increase revenue by sending targeted advertising to selected consumers when they are nearby. Targeted advertising can be sent to digital advertising platforms based on the presence of a wider audience at a particular location and time.
Create the opportunity to link customers' online experience with physical stores. By connecting website visits and browsing history with a person's physical presence in the store, retailers can understand shopper behavior and better serve their needs.
Performance benchmarks are set for individual locations. In many organizations, annual targets for stores are based on a percentage increase over the previous year's performance, challenging high performers while perpetuating poor results for stores that generate low performance.
Contact us for more information about our Geospatial data solutions for the retail sector.


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Wondering why some of these books don't match your year-plan? They may be replacement titles. You can access information for using them at the Book Updates Chart on the Tapestry of Grace website.
With a timekeeper sailors would be able to know the time back at their home port and calculate the longitude. But no one knew how to design such a clock. John Harrison (_PHONE_), an Englishman without any scientific training, worked tirelessly for more than forty years to create a perfect clock. Together with beautifully detailed pictures by Erik Blegvad, Louise Borden's text takes the reader through the drama, disappointments, and successes that filled Harrison's quest to invent the perfect sea clock. 48 pages HB/DJ


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Providing the right information at the right time for decision making
Richard Gunn has over 40 years ' experience of nuclear characterisation across a wide range of sites and applications. This has included providing radiometric measurement support for process operations, facility decommissioning and waste management, as well as R & D. More recently he has been involved in Characterisation Strategy and Planning development. He is a Principal Consultant with Cavendish Nuclear Ltd.
The Characterisation Planning Process To be effective, characterisation must be planned. Current industry guidance and good practice recommend the use of a step-wise systematic planning process. This helps ensure that everything is done in the right Createc, Ltd System order, and nothing is missed. It also ensures that the information obtained is of an appropriate quality and quantity Gamma. An Reality example is shown below : Inc System
The Systematic Planning Process
What is Characterisation?
Characterisation is the process of gathering information on the characteristics of a material, item or waste. This characteristic information may include a wide range of properties : physical, chemical or radiological. Characterisation is all about delivering the right information at the right time for decision making.
In decommissioning, information is needed to help decide how the approach can be optimised and may include details of the hazards from which operatives must be protected.
For waste management, information is needed on what categories of waste are present and whether there are opportunities to divert waste for recycling or landfill disposal. Evidence may be required that the waste fully complies with the Conditions for Acceptance for a disposal or treatment facility.
Information on the characteristics of the land beneath a site may be needed to ensure that it meets acceptable " endstate " criteria following decommissioning and remediation.
During the planning process, it is important to ensure that relevant stakeholders are engaged, and to agree a clear set of objectives or goals at the outset. Other important steps include determining what information we have already, potentially reducing the need to collect new data.
Optimising the Approach The basic approaches to gathering characterisation data fall into three main groups, shown as the three corners of the triangle on the next page :
16 Radiation Protection Today www. srp-rpt. uk


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magical medium of Art Clay Silver clay consists of finely ground
pure silver mixed with non-toxic binders and water. Presented as an off-white
putty, this malleable clay can be easily worked into unique and personalised
jewellery or ornaments. Items can be made as thin as 1mm thick. Once fired,
the binders (which are made from harmless pulp fibres) burn away leaving pure, 99.9% silver which can be hallmarked
'.999'. The difference between the silver produced, and sterling
silver, is that sterling silver is 92.5% silver combined with other metals,
generally copper. This makes the metal harder than pure (or fine) silver.
Both metals will tarnish but sterling silver more so.
The firing process is remarkably simple and can be achieved
with the minimum of cost. Small pieces of Art Clay Silver can be fired
easily on a wire mesh laid across a gas hob or the pieces can be fired using a blow torch and a fibre brick. Kiln firing is also an option and allows more than one piece
to be fired at a time. Although the kiln can be a costly investment, it can also
be used for other craft techniques such as ceramics, glass fusing and bead making, and annealing and hardening of metals.
Find out more
about firing Art Clay Silver clay.
Working with Art Clay Silver
The clay will begin to dry out the moment it is exposed to air. These
tips will help to increase the working time:
keep a bowl of water near by to dip fingers and tools in
work in a cool room and try to avoid direct heat from light bulbs
rehydrate drying clay by wetting the surface, wrapping in cling film
and kneading through the film. You may have to repeat this process a
couple of times before it is fully hydrated
work the clay on a smooth, non-porous surface such as a tile or glass
only break off the amount of clay you think you will need and put
the remainder in an air-tight wrapper. Covering with a damp cloth or
kitchen paper will help
will contaminate and discolour silver clay. Do not use tools or containers
made from aluminium
plan your design before you start - this will reduce the amount of
use the Kemper cutters to work your Art Clay Silver into tiny
finished pieces should be allowed to out dry fully before firing.
Give between 24 - 48 hours in a dry, warm atmosphere
When the Art Clay Silver clay is thoroughly dried it is
ready to fire. Find out more...
if the product gets in eyes or mouth, flush immediately with plenty
of water. If necessary, seek medical advice
follow the firing instructions carefully remembering to carry out
the process in a well ventilated room
place fired items in an appropriate place to cool; keep away from


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What is Collaborative Law?
Collaborative law is a process, used mainly in family disputes, where the parties and their lawyers make a formal commitment to resolve the dispute outside the litigation process in an atmosphere of trust and collaboration. Lawyers are hired to reach a settlement and if the process breaks down, the lawyer must withdraw from the case.
While collaborative law has been growing across the United States in the last several years, it is still new to Canada. Groups of collaborative lawyers are being formed across Canada, including groups in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario.
How Does the Collaborative Law Process Work?
The parties and lawyers undertaking a collaborative law process sign a participation agreement setting out their obligations. Typically these agreements include the following provisions:
Collaborative approach - Lawyers and parties pledge to work together in a respectful and cooperative manner to resolve the dispute.
Lawyer Training - Lawyers participating in the process often undergo special training in the collaborative approach. In many of the groups, such training is mandatory.
No litigation - Lawyers and parties agree not to use litigation or the threat of litigation, as long as the parties are in the collaborative process.
Automatic disqualification - Lawyers will withdraw from the case if it cannot settle collaboratively or if they or their client breach the participation agreement. Other lawyers must be retained if the case goes into the litigation process.
Disclosure - Parties and their lawyers agree to disclose information or material needed to assist the parties in achieving settlement. Some agreements provide only for disclosure of information or material requested by a party. This is to prevent parties from inundating one another with paper. The goal of this approach is to provide parties with the information they believe they need to resolve the dispute.
Experts - Parties may agree to use joint experts, including mental health professionals, child specialists and financial counsellors.
Confidentiality - Parties agree that any information or material disclosed in the Collaborative Law process, that is not otherwise subject to discovery under rules of court, will not be used in any court process.
Process - The parties and their lawyers agree to use four-way conferences (meetings of the parties and their lawyers) to work through the issues. These meetings are a central feature of the collaborative law process. They tend to be business-like but more informal than most other proceedings involving lawyers and their clients. At these meetings everyone works hard to find a resolution that is acceptable to both parties.
Why Chose a Collaborative Law Process?
Lawyers committed to settlement - Lawyers must be as committed as the parties to settle the dispute. Instead of focusing on adversarial tactics and skills, this approach requires lawyers to deploy their problem-solving skills in the search for a fair resolution to the parties' dispute.
Preserves relationships - Unlike the litigation-based model, which can easily exacerbate the emotional turmoil of family disputes, collaborative law can work to preserve and enhance relationships which may be ongoing, especially if there are children involved.
No reliance on third parties - The parties are not relying on a third party to impose, or even facilitate, a resolution. This can result in settlements that are more enduring.
Reduces cost - Avoiding litigation reduces the costs of resolving disputes.
Reduces time - Avoiding litigation reduces the time spent resolving disputes.
Collaborative specialist - The process allows parties to take advantage of the skills of lawyers trained in both advocacy and collaborative skills. If the parties decide to resort to litigation, they can then turn to a litigation specialist. The process also provides for other professionals to help couples with their emotional needs and to help them to communicate during a difficult period.
Continuity - The process creates continuity between the process of arriving at a settlement and the signing of a formal agreement. In mediation, for example, lawyers may not be involved in the process until an agreement has been reached.
Finding out More
If you are interested in using the collaborative law process or in finding out more about collaborative law, check your local yellow pages for lawyers practicing collaborative law.


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A southeastern Michigan forest scene in winter. / Photo by JOHN HEIDER
The beech tree
The shagbark hickory
The black cherry
The black walnut
The red oak
The white oak
in winter, a tree is without its (s)leaves, but not its jacket, if you know what I mean...
By John Heider
Gannett News Service
You're walking in the woods in winter.
You see a bunch of trees. They all have trunks and branches and some of them even have a few leaves left on the branches or some have fallen near the trees base.
Like me ten years ago, you for the most part, cannot tell one tree from another.
Oh sure, you can tell an evergreen or pine tree from a deciduous tree (those that drop their leaves in autumn).
But beyond that, you're lost.
Well, class is in and we're going to start you on the way to learning a few tree identifications at the toughest, most challenging time of year: winter.
Winter when the trees are mostly sleeping and devoid of their leaves.
Leaves that would help in their recognition.
All you're confronted with in your walk in the woods or your neighborhood is bare branches, trunks with various bark patterns and maybe a lot of snow.
to the beech!
We'll start off with one of the easier trees to ID in the winter: the beech.
The American beech, or Fagus grandifolia, is a gift to the novice botanist, especially in winter. It's bark is silver and smooth. Let me repeat, silver and smooth.
Someone described it as looking like an elephant's skin. It doesn't always have the bumps or growths seen in this photo, but even if it does, you'll be able to figure it out by the bark.Beech are beautiful trees and if you can find one whose base isn't covered in snow, you'll marvel at their usually long, large sinewy root system as they enter the ground.
Next up is probably the second easiest to pick out in the winter months: the shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa), also known as big shagbark hickory. The shagbark hickory has light gray bark that separates into long, narrow strips of bark. Hence the "shaggy" moniker: The bark looks really shaggy. You'll find a lot of these trees in the Michigan woods.
black cherry, on the rocks, please.
Now we have our forest friend the black cherry. The black cherry (Prunus serotina), has bark that's quite unique to itself. The bark of the tree is fracture into black, roundish shapes. Some say they look like dark potato chips. Underneath the bark's immediate exterior, you'll see another layer of bark that's dark brown to red in color.
just nutty about them walnuts
Walking along our Michigan winter forest we now see a black walnut tree. You'll be able to discern the black walnut (Juglans nigra) but is deeply fissured bark. This tree's bark looks like a small scale mountain range. There's probably no other tree that has such dramatic exterior: tall ridges that angle here and there and the bark's deep valleys make for an incredibly visual feast.
the mighty ironwood
Strolling along a path in the woods we see an American hophornbeam. The hophornbeam (Ostrya Virginica), also known as "ironwood" - for its hard wood, has another distinctive bark pattern. Usually small in size (less than six inches in diameter) and quite often standing near the trails, this tree has bark that's serrated in small strips, but not falling off the tree like the shagbark hickory. One of its nicknames is "cat scratch" for its appearance of being attacked by a cat who tears up its bark. It's in the beech family of trees and sometimes, helping in its winter identification, it will usually have a few yellow, elliptical shaped leaves left on its branches - even in the dead of January.
oak. red oak.
Now how can we tell what trees in our winter forest are northern red oaks. Red oaks (Quercus borealis) are one of the more numerous species in Michigan forests; they're everywhere. Big, small, short, and tall. The tree's bark can be described as dark gray to black and while it is furrowed and somewhat scaly, of the all oaks it probably has the smoothest bark. Put it this way, it definitely doesn't have the deep, close dramtic ridges of the black walnut. If you look at the photo accompanying this description, it'll give you a pretty good idea of what to look for.
the white oak, paler than the red oak...
Lastly, we'll describe the white oak (Quercus alba). There are a lot of white oaks in Michigan forests and once you can identify them, you'll have about a third of the forest's species down. The trees are usually pretty tall and substantial in size and probably average three to four feet in diameter once mature. The bark is described light gray with shallow fissures that break up the skin of the tree into small oblong patches; like a puzzle that doesn't quite fit together.
So there you have it: a good start in pinpointing a good amount of trees in winter. Seven of the more numerous deciduous species in Michigan. And think about it: it only gets easier once the darn things have leaves on them. Good luck and we'll see you out there in Your Wild Michigan.


text:
Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.
Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.


text:
Introduction to Large-Scale Java Platforms
This chapter defines three categories of large-scale Java platforms:
- Category 1: Large number of Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) (100s–1000s of JVMs)
- Category 2: Smaller number of JVMs with large heap sizes
- Category 3: A combination of category 1 consuming data from category 2
In addition, the chapter discusses various trends and outlines technical considerations to help you understand the range of technical issues associated with designing large-scale Java platforms.
Large-Scale Java Platform Categories
Based on field interactions with customers, large-scale Java platforms typically fall into three main categories, as follows:
- Category 1: This category is distinguished by its large number of Java Virtual Machines (JVMs). In this category, hundreds to thousands of JVMs are deployed on the Java platform, and these are typically JVMs that function within a system that might be servicing millions of users. I have seen some customers with as many as 15,000 JVMs. Whenever you are dealing with thousands of JVM instances, you must consider the manageability cost and whether opportunities exist to consolidate the JVM instances.
- Category 2: This category is distinguished by a smaller number of JVMs (usually 1 to 20) but with large heap size (8GB to 256GB or higher). These JVMs usually have in-memory databases deployed on them. In this category, garbage collection (GC) tuning becomes critical, as discussed in later chapters.
- Category 3: The third category is a combination of the first two categories, where perhaps thousands of JVMs run enterprise applications that are consuming data from category 2 types of large JVMs in the back end.
With regard to virtualizing and tuning large-scale Java platforms, four key requirement trends hold true across these three categories:
- Compute-resource consolidation
- JVM consolidation
- Elasticity and flexibility
Let's look at each one of these trends in more detail.


text:
I'm a technician. I'm not satisfied with ideas or book knowledge. I need to learn by doing. So, every opportunity I get, I try to learn something new about the world of material culture.
The Mennonite Heritage Center in Harleysville, PA has regular workshops that teach some craft from Pennsylvania German folk art culture. Today, I joined a workshop led by Jim King to learn grain painting. That's important to me since we sell so many objects decorated with grain painting.
So what is grain painting? It's that technique you've seen on picture frames, blanket chests (like this one _URL_ cupboards--just about anything wood. It's a fanciful way of putting a patterned decoration on a painted surface. It works like this: the piece gets a coating of paint called the ground. Yellow is a nice starting point:
Then, the artist applies a glaze paint that will create the grain effect. After brushing the glaze (a contrasting color, like brown or red), the artist then uses a tool or their hand to create a repeating pattern by scraping some of the glaze off the base. Combs, corn cob, sponge and finger prints all work well:
There aren't many rules to this art. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Pennsylvania artists didn't really aim to recreate wood grain. The painters produced exuberant surface effects that show a lot of joy and delight in playing with this medium. So, now I know first-hand the anatomy, if not the art, of a grain painted surface. (Stay tuned for my finished pieces--they still need shellac and trim paint.)


text:
Back to the Data Model
A Database is to be designed to record Student Assignments.
This is the Start of the User specification of the Requirements :-
Students - This table holds information about the students attending a college.
Each student is given a unique identifier.
Staff - Holds information about the staff,
contains a unique identifier for each staff member
Assignments - Holds information about assignments,
has unique identifier for each assignment.
Courses - Holds information about courses,
has unique identifier for each course.
Progress - This holds information about each student's progress of each assignment.
This is also used by the staff to mark assignments, and used by the college intranet to
display to students which assignments are currently unfinished.
Many students can study on many courses.
Many staff can teach on many courses.
Each course contains many assignments.
So from the database we need to:
display new assignments for students (if any) that staff submit
find out which course the student is studying, so we can direct the student to appropriate information
display student names for a staff member for individual courses that that they study on, as well as all courses
and also some other minor queries.
This is the End of the User specification of the Requirements.
A. The Things of Interest include :-
A.2 Courses Offered
A.3 Courses Scheduled
A.5 Progress on Assignments.
A.6 Student Registrations
B. How are they related?
B.1 Students on a Course can be given zero, one or many Assignments.
B.2 An Assignment is associated with one, and only one, Scheduled Course.
B.3 A Scheduled Course has a defined start and end date.
B.4 Each Assignment has a start and end date.
B.5 During an Assignment, Progress can be reported at intervals.
4th. June 2003


Maps of World
Current, Credible, Consistent
World Map / Greenland Map / Geography / Is Greenland a continent?
Is Greenland a continent?
There is a big controversy about whether Greenland is a continent or an island. Many people are of the opinion that Greenland is a continent but scientific and other data oppose this presumption thoroughly. In history Greenland was given a status of a continent but after a few years its position was downgraded. It has been included in the continent of North America now. However Greenland enjoys the position of being the biggest non-continental island under the sun.
There is a big debate on why Australia is a continent and Greenland is being deprived of this status. Scientists call those islands continents which has a fully separate tectonic plate. The continental crust also has to be stable. Uniqueness of the flora and fauna of the area is also taken into consideration while declaring an island a continent. Moreover the people of Greenland consider themselves as the residents of an island rather than a continent. Though Greenland geologically is a part of the continent of North America it has more cultural and traditional attachment to Europe. Many scientists argue that if a separate tectonic plate is the determinant of a continent and an island then Antarctica should also be an island. If geological argument has to be considered impartially then an island like Madagascar should also get a status of a continent and make Europe and Asia a same continent. When Australia and Greenland are taken into consideration Australia of course wins because the continent of Australia is totally separate and has some unique species of life in it and there is no existence of continent of Greenland till now.
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By NewsDesk _USER_
Frederick, Maryland company specializing in treatments for rare and neglected tropical diseases, Amivas, announced Tuesday that Artesunate for Injection 110 mg, powder and solvent for solution has received marketing approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Artesunate for Injection is indicated for the initial treatment of severe malaria in adult and pediatric patients.
P. falciparum rings and gametocyte/CDC
Amivas will now manufacture, distribute, and commercialize Artesunate for Injection and is completing set-up of a nationwide product distribution network. Prior to FDA approval, access to investigational IV Artesunate had been managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since 2007 via an expanded access investigational new drug (IND) program.
According to the CDC, approximately 2,000 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each year, with 300 of those infected having severe disease. Severe malaria should be treated with intravenous (IV) antimalarial medications. The only U.S. Food and Drug Administration- (FDA-) approved IV antimalarial in the United States, IV quinidine, has been discontinued. As a result, CDC is providing IV artesunate for the treatment of all severe malaria cases. With the discontinuation of IV quinidine, IV artesunate is now the first-line drug for treatment of severe malaria in the United States.
"This approval will now give patients more access to a lifesaving drug," said John Farley, M.D., acting director of the Office of Infectious Diseases in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Furthermore, the risk of developing severe malaria emphasizes the importance of taking medications to prevent malaria and using mosquito avoidance measures when traveling to malaria-endemic areas."
"We are extremely pleased to have secured this important regulatory milestone for Artesunate for Injection," said Bryan Smith, MD, Chief Medical Officer at Amivas. "As most medical
professionals know, when a patient with severe malaria arrives in the clinic, emergency room or elsewhere, immediate treatment with a safe, efficacious, fast-acting, injectable therapy is absolutely critical to saving that life. Given today's FDA approval of Artesunate for Injection and the deep expertise that Amivas can bring to the challenges of treating rare tropical diseases, we look forward to making significant ongoing contributions to saving the lives of patients with severe malaria."
Malaria is one of the world's leading killers of people, especially children. Severe malaria, a medical emergency, typically includes neurologic symptoms, severe anemia, acute renal injury,
acute respiratory distress syndrome, or jaundice, as a large number of the patient's red blood cells become infected by a malaria parasite. Uncomplicated falciparum malaria can progress
rapidly to severe forms of the disease, especially in people with no or low immunity, and severe falciparum malaria is almost always fatal without treatment. Prompt, effective treatment within
24-48 hours of the onset of malaria symptoms is necessary.
Malaria is a rare disease in the US. Therefore, it is not always recognized, diagnosed and treated in timely fashion. Nearly all cases in the US occur in persons who acquire the infection
while in a malaria endemic area and who are diagnosed after returning to the US. Most are US residents with no acquired immunity to malaria and who are, therefore, at risk of developing
severe malaria. A major contributing factor to continued malaria-associated mortality in the US is delay in initiation of appropriate treatment. Malaria chemoprophylaxis and the use of bed nets and insect repellents help reduce the risk of contracting malaria.


Why Content Knowledge is Crucial to Effective Critical Thinking | MindShift | KQED News
This headline caught my attention. Critical thinking is on every school's agenda these days. And if not it certainly is on the National agenda. In Norway we are preparing for a school reform to be implemented next fall and here critical thinking plays a vital role. I wrote about that here. Here is an extract of what they have written in the report.
Critical thinking and ethical awareness
The teaching and training shall give the students an understanding of critical and scientific thinking. Critical and scientific thinking means applying reason in an inquisitive and systematic way when working with specific practical challenges, phenomena, expressions, and forms of knowledge.
The article that caught my attention was written in MindShift by Jill Barshay, Columnist for The Hechinger Report. I'm submitting parts from it here. See below for the link for the whole article.
Scientific research on how to teach critical thinking contradicts education trends.
Source: Why Content Knowledge is Crucial to Effective Critical Thinking | MindShift | KQED News
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Publication Date
Horeshoe crabs "Limulus polyphemus" are remarkable 'living fossils' which have unique blood cells (amebocytes) that are used to test human vaccines for bacterial contamination. In the 1950's, scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, not only discovered amebocytes but also found that they had special properties. If the amebocytes came into contact with bacteria, they would instantly coagulate around the bacteria and attack it. The Woods Hole scientists took this unique property of horseshoe crabs and developed a test for bacterial contamination using a horseshoe crab blood derivative called Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL).
This article describes discusses the medical, economic, and ecological importance of the horseshoe crab. 'Project Limulus' is a research and community project which is working toward protecting the population of the horshoe crab.
Reprinted from Wrack Lines, the official magazine of the Connecticut Sea Grant College Program. Biannual illustrated magazine with feature articles and brief items on coastal and marine topics with an emphasis on Long Island Sound and related activities at the University of Connecticut and beyond.
Mattei, Jennifer and Mark Beekey. "The horseshoe crab conundrum : can we harvest and conserve?" Wrack Lines. 8.1 (2008): 2-7. Web. 5 Jul. 2012.


Sunography Colour Cards
Place any object on the Sunography paper, expose in bright sunlight, and rinse with water to reveal a rich blue print. Sunography paper contains light sensitive materials, which react to sunlight. What's more each sheet or fabric square can be exposed on two sides both front and back. The superior quality of the paper produces finely detailed prints.
The colour cards consist of five cards in an assortment of five bright colours. They are made from 270gsm hot press paper, so they are thick and sturdy.
270gsm hot press paper
Six 3"× 5" (7.6cm x 12.7cm) sheets enclosed in each pack
Each sheet printable on both sides
Easy to tint or hand colour
Ages: 5 +
Size: 16.5 x 12.5 cm


text:
The Impact of Household Energy Interventions on Health and Finances in Haryana, India: An Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Ajay Pillarisetti, Dean Jamison, Kirk R. Smith
The authors examine the use of solid fuels as a primary energy source for cooking in India, which contributes to high rates of infant and child mortality as well as other diseases caused by household air pollution (HAP). To achieve the widespread adoption of one of three interventions – a mud chimney stove, a blower stove, and LPG use—the government needs to offer subsidies to households using solid fuels. Each intervention is studied in a hypothetical for Haryana, India, and findings indicate effective avoidance of ill health despite additional fuel costs on households; however, the findings are influenced by the assumption that use of time previously spent collecting fuel is repurposed for economic return. The study also assumes widespread adoption of the new cooking technology, and most likely this scenario is overly optimistic. While the reduction in disease burden varies among the three scenarios, each lowered health and financial burdens not only by reducing medical costs, but also by averting household expenditures or avoiding lost wage earnings.


37The older daughter had a son, whom she named Moab.#19.37: Moab: This name sounds like the Hebrew for "from my father." He was the ancestor of the present-day Moabites. 38The younger daughter also had a son, whom she named Benammi.#19.38: Benammi: This name in Hebrew means "son of my relative" and sounds like the Hebrew for "Ammonite." He was the ancestor of the present-day Ammonites.