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what is the range of clipping space in OpenGL?
I'm a beginner in opengl, and I enounter a problem concering about clipping space.
I read from opengl 4.0 reference that Values specified by glClearDepth are clamped to the range 0 1.
but the normilized device coordinate(NDC) has the rang [-1, 1] right?
My question: is the value of glClearDepth applied to NDC? if it is, then how could I clip the vertex with z value between [-1, 0]?
Last edited by Sobeit; 11-30-2012 at 08:50 PM.
glViewport and glDepthRange define the extents of window-space, the space that comes after NDC space. The glClearDepth value is in window-space, not NDC space.
glDepthRange in particular defines the Z mapping from the [-1, 1] range to the user-defined depth range.
as you mentioned window-space is a 3d coord, right? I thought it was mapped from ndc and was a 2d coord.
It is mapped from NDC space; NDC space is 3D as well. OpenGL never uses purely 2D coordinates for rendering. That's where the depth comes from.


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x = [ 2 -1 -3]
y = [1.5 -1]
First N Perfect Squares
Reverse the vector
sum of non-primes
Volume and area of a sphere
Create a two dimensional zero matrix
Calculate the integral of the polynomial
Find the minimum element of the matrix
calculate linear convolution two vectors
Calculate the derivative of a polynomial
generate a matrix of Legendre polynomials
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Thermally responsive polymers for bioadhesives
We are synthesizing 4 arm polymer via anionic ring opening polymerization with controllable thermal gelation temperatures allowing for biocompatible adhesives.
Sutures and surgical staples are conventional wound closure techniques, which have many disadvantages, including the requirement for anesthesia; risk of infection and inflammation; and difficulty in application/retention in soft tissues. Especially in internal organs where fluids or gases are to be sealed off, these techniques are often insufficient. This encourages the development of a large variety of in situ curable tissue adhesives, sealants and hemostatic agents. Previously, a star shaped PPO-PEO block copolymer(poloxamine) was investigated as a polymer matrix for a tissue adhesive. The reversible thermal gelation property gives the hydrogel system an excellent sealing property. Good bulk strength, pliability, and thermal gelation property were achieved by combining two different polymers with functional groups.
The goal of this project is to create a tissue adhesive/sealant with ideal mechanical and thermal properties, adhesion effectiveness, ease of use, and economical efficiency.
Customized functionalized poloxamines are made and characterized via NMR, DSC, rheological measurement, etc. to investigate the formula for best properties without blending different polymers. As the structural parameters, such as molecular weight, ratio between sections, etc., of the polymer matrix is well defined via living anionic ring opening polymerization, the structural dependence of the thermal gelation point can be determined. Incorporated with reactive end groups, the synthetic polymer can perform better as a tissue adhesive/sealant. With the study of the thermal dynamics of the polymer solution and reaction kinetics, the hydrogel can be tailored towards the optimal performance.


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It is likewise very important, that if you do not feel comfortable in your ability to trim the teeth yourself, that you take your rat to a qualified veterinarian.
|Photo sets 1 and 2: Show how the teeth should appear. It is important to look closely at the teeth that you are about to trim, and more importantly, where you are going to cut because once you place the cutters in their mouth you will have to work quickly.|
|Photo 3: Shows overgrowth and curvature of teeth.|
Photo 4: Assessment has been made on where to make the cut by judging the top teeth based on where they start to curve outward. They are still very yellow and therefore "healthy." Cutting these too high will cause them to bleed considerably.
The bottom teeth are not so healthy. The one on the left is white. This tooth is very fragile. The tooth on the right (*) is being used to gauge where the cut is to be made. The vein that supplies blood to the tooth will stop right above the yellow color of the tooth (where it becomes white).
If you are still unsure, take a look at one of your other rats that has properly aligned teeth. It's a lot easier when you have something to compare with.
|Photo 5: It is important to make the cut so that your rat will be able to start grinding his teeth down on his own again, you'll want to cut diagonally so that the clippers are pointing upward. This will create a nice shelf on which to rub the lower teeth. For the top teeth, the guillotine type trimmers (made for cat claws) are a necessity - those teeth are thick and strong.|
|Photo 6: Bottom teeth diagram and where to cut.|
|Photo 7: A more appropriate tool for the bottom teeth is small animal nail-trimmers (type used for cat, guinea pig, or rabbit) for a cleaner cut, but for this rat, Nat states that this rat would only tolerate the guillotine type cutters.
For the bottom teeth you want to aim for a straight cut. Unlike the top teeth, the bottom teeth do not need to be diagonal as they will use their top teeth to grind them down evenly. The diagonal you see in a rat's healthy mouth is a result of the grinding of the lower teeth. Also you can usually trim the bottom teeth one at a time if you use the standard nail trimmers
Be sure before you do any cutting that you've made sure the rat's tongue is not in the way of the clippers. Assess for any bleeding in the event of small accidents with clipping teeth to short or catching tissue in the clippers. Stop and apply a bit of flour or cornstarch to halt bleeding.
Photos and description courtesy of Nathalie Baldwin at RatRaisins,Inc
Posted on July 7, 2003, 16:39,
Last updated on April 8, 2010, 15:21

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Audio Network-Based Massive Multichannel Loudspeaker System for Flexible Use in Spatial Audio Research
In order to provide a flexible means for exploring various spatial audio algorithms in sound field synthesis, a massive multichannel system consisting of an array of 640 loudspeakers was created. It is based on an audio network that distributes discrete audio signals to a grid of amplifiers. Given the massive size of the loudspeaker array, special means for configuring, routing, control, reliability, flexibility, redundancy, economics, and cabling had to be developed. The resulting system should prove to be a powerful tool for research various presentation formats.
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This paper costs $20 for non-members, $5 for AES members and is free for E-Library subscribers.


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A recent study published in the journal Nature, shows a strong link between El Nino and increased air pollution in Indonesia to the Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand. This is because during an El Nino, rainfall is typically lighter than normal in that part of the world. Farmers in the region thus increase the use of fire to burn and clear the land for agriculture in El Nino years. The additional pollution is believed to be responsible for as many as 15,000 fatalities in El Nino years.
The study which was conducted jointly by Columbia University and NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies used emissions estimates taken from satellite measurements from 1997 to 2006. They fed the data into atmospheric chemistry models to plot out air pollution for the region.
For example during the strong El Nino of 1997, their analysis showed that there was a jump in the amount of fine particles in the atmosphere exceeding World Health Organization standards by 300% for at least 200 days of the year. Ozone levels, a component of smog, also increased substantially. In comparison, during the La Nina episode in 2000, the level of carbon particulates was 98% lower than in 1997. La Nina provides enhanced rainfall for Indonesia and southeast Asia.
The region is home to over half a billion people. Furthermore the researchers found that even though most of the burning occurs in rural areas such as Sumatra and Bornea, the impacts are great even well away in large cities such as Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. Carbon particulates are of most concern, as the are linked to heart disease. The study concludes of the 15,000 deaths contributed to this fire pollution in El Nino years, around 10,000 would come from carbon exposure, with the ozone responsible for as many as 5,000. Smog, containing oz0ne is hard on the respiratory system, especially for those with pre-existing conditions.
This post was written by Tony Schumacher on August 12, 2012


Chrysler 2010 Automobile User Manual
Service Description:
95 = Load Index
A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry
H = Speed Symbol
A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding
to its load index under certain operating conditions
The maximum speed corresponding to the speed symbol should only be achieved under
specified operating conditions (i.e., tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions, and
posted speed limits)
Load Identification:
؆....blank....؆ = Absence of any text on the sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL) Tire
Extra Load (XL) = Extra load (or reinforced) tire
Light Load = Light load tire
C, D, E = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure
Maximum Load Maximum load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry
Maximum Pressure Maximum pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for
this tire


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Students who have been dismissed from the college for academic or progress reasons are dismissed from attending college for one semester. Those who have been dismissed more than once are dismissed for one full year (2 consecutive semesters). Students who are dismissed for the first time may be allowed to stay at COC on temporary probation and enroll in classes for the next semester if they choose to attend 4-hour Intensive Workshop.
The purpose of the Intensive Workshop is to actively involve students in:
Reviewing their academic record,
Learning effective decision making strategies,
Learning time management and study strategies,
Developing problem-solving skills,
Establishing an action plan to achieve sound educational goals,
Developing a support network.
There is no fee for this workshop.


Free Dictionary
Free Dictionary
Home ×
Link Link Link Link
Search Result for "lambast":
Wordnet 3.0
VERB (2)
1. beat with a cane;
[syn: cane, flog, lambaste, lambast]
2. censure severely or angrily;
- Example: "The mother scolded the child for entering a stranger's car"
- Example: "The deputy ragged the Prime Minister"
- Example: "The customer dressed down the waiter for bringing cold soup"
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:
lambast \lam*bast"\, v. t. Same as lambaste. [WordNet 1.5]


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The Climate Bulletin wants to answer some of the questions people are asking: Has this month been warmer or colder than last year? Has it rained more than usual this summer?
Andorra's climate bulletins are monthly and cover the analysis of monthly, seasonal and annual periods. This information is complemented by climate mapping of temperature distribution, precipitation, and climate anomalies on a monthly, seasonal, and annual scale. This work is based on the analysis of data provided by the country's weather stations and is compared with the Digital Climate Atlas of Andorra (ACDA, _URL_)
In addition, temperature and precipitation graphs are prepared for the Central station of FEDA (Forces Elèctriques d'Andorra) and, during the winter, the evolution of the snow cover at the Sorteny station.
At the same time, the mapping for the water balance of Andorra has been elaborated, following the methodology of the climate bulletins with the available stations in the country and including two stations in the nearest area: L'Ospitalet and Aston.


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By Lisa Kay
If you are seeking financial assistance for the education of a child with a learning disability (LD), you may find the following resources helpful.
Dollars for College: The Quick Guide to Financial Aid for Students with Disabilities
by Garrett Park Press
This book is one in a series about funding a college education. The focus of this particular guide is on funding students with disabilities. To purchase the book, send $7.95, plus $1.50 for shipping and handling, to Garrett Park Press, P.O. Box 190, Garrett Park, MD 20896; Phone: _PHONE_.
Financial Aid for the Disabled and Their Families 2006-2008
by Gail Ann Schlacter & David R. Weber
This book identifies funding and financial aid resources for high school kids and older with disabilities on education, career development, training, assistive technology, etc. It's available for $40 from Reference Service Press, 5000 Windplay Drive, Suite 4, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762; Phone: _PHONE_ Email: _EMAIL_.
This book is the 16th edition of the Foundation Center's publication that focuses on funding opportunities for individual grant seekers. There is a special section on educational scholarships and student loans. Price is $65.00.
On the Web
This easy to use database maintained by the Foundation Center describes close to 4,800 foundations and public charities that fund individual grant seekers, such as students. It is available by monthly subscription for $9.95.
This partial payment tuition program for low-income families awards scholarships children in grades K-8 via a national lottery. Scholarships are awarded to families, not children, so all children in a family entering a K-8 grade at the time of the award are eligible to receive scholarships. There are no academic requirements and grade retention does not affect the status of the scholarship. Phone: _PHONE_.
This annual resource paper is a comprehesive guide to financial aid in the form of grants, loans, work-study, and scholarships. The paper discusses how to go about finding available funding for postsecondary education and covers the technical words or phrases used to describe the various types of funding and the process involved with their disbursement. "Also included is a brief description of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) Agencies, the services that they may provide, and the interaction between the state VR agency and the financial aid office of a postsecondary institution. Finally, suggestions are offered about additional possibilities for financial assistance." This guide also is available from the HEATH Resource Center, 2121 K Street, NW Suite 220 Washington, DC 20037, Phone: _PHONE_, Email: _EMAIL_.
Locate scholarships, loans, internships, and other financial aid programs for college that match your education level, talents, and background. Complete the profile form, including a place to check for learning disability, and Scholarship Search will find potential opportunities from a database of more than 2,000 undergraduate scholarships, internships, and loan programs.
The P. Buckley Moss Society introduces an annual scholarship to provide incentive for, and recognition to, a graduating high school senior with a learning disability who has made arrangements to go to college. This is a grant of $1,000 made toward the tuition at the recipient's chosen college or university.
The scholarship is an annual gift of $10,000 to a promising high school senior with learning disabilities who plans to pursue a university degree.
This comprehensive financial aid website focuses on post-secondary school funding and lists college scholarships for the persons with a learning disability. There's also some information on ways to pay for private education institutions. One helpful part of this site is their Scam Alert section that lists the most common scholarship scams, including suspicious aid offers. You can also sign up for e-mail lists and discussion groups. All in all, it's a very useful site that's easy to navigate and straightforward in its presentation.
Located in every state, these free funding information centers in libraries and nonprofit resource centers provide a "core collection" of Foundation Center publications and products.
SLM Financial, a Sallie Mae company, has created this loan to help families send their children to private K-12 schools. Parents may borrow between $1,000 to the total cost of the child's education, including tuition, books, room and board. Phone: _PHONE_
Bank of America disburses loans to prepGATE-approved private schools on behalf of parents of K-12 students. Phone: _PHONE_
This loan is available to parents of students K-12 with special education needs. All education-related expenses, such a, tuition, room and board, books, fees, musical instruments and tutors are covered. Phone: _PHONE_
This Citibank loan is provided to parents/cosigners of K-12 students for private schools. Phone: _PHONE_
Chase Bank provides this loan to parents of K-12 students with special education needs. Phone _PHONE_
The eStudent Loan Finder helps you compare different loans and find the one that best suits you for your K-12 child's private education.


Science / Geology / Delta: A deposit of sediment that forms where a stream enters a standing body of water such as a lake or ocean. The name is derived from the Greek letter 'delta' because these deposits typically have a triangular shape in map view.
Delta Hedge
Business / Finance / Delta Hedge: The ratio of the change in price of a call option to the change in price of the underlying stock. Also called the hedge ratio. Applies to derivative products. Measure of the relationship between an op MORE
Delta Neutral
Business / Finance / Delta Neutral: A dynamic hedging strategy using options that calls for constant adjustment of the number of options used, as a function of the delta of the option. MORE
Wye-Delta Starting
Technology / Motors / Wye-Delta Starting: A method of starting a motor at rated voltage but drawing locked rotor current and producing reduced stocked rotor torque but it provides lower starting torque than a straight delta connection. Once t MORE
Delta Kame
Science / Geology / Delta Kame: A deposit having the form of a steep, flat topped hill, left at the front of a retreating continental glacier. MORE
Technology / Aviation / Delta-Wing: A triangularly-shaped aircraft wing having a low aspect ratio, a sharply-tapered leading edge, a straight trailing edge, and a pointed tip. MORE
Hedge Ratio (Delta)
Business / Finance / Hedge Ratio (Delta): A fund that may employ a variety of techniques to enhance returns, such as both buying and shorting stocks according to a valuation model. MORE


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Land capability classification
Land capability classification is - according to the USDA terminology - "a system of grouping soils primarily on the basis of their capability to produce common cultivated crops and pasture plants without deteriorating over a long period. Land capability classification is subdivided into capability class and capability subclass nationally.
- Capability class
- The broadest category in the system. Class codes I to VIII indicate progressively greater limitations and narrower choices for agriculture. The numbers are used to represent both irrigated and nonirrigated land capability.
- Capability subclass
- The second category in the system.
- Class codes
- e (erosion problems),
- w (wetness problems),
- s (root zone limitations), and
- c (climatic limitations)
are used for land capability subclasses."


text:
The contrast between the way style is represented to those within an ingroup and those who view that group from the outside is striking. If someone not of Scottish heritage sees one of the subjects of this video, the distinctiveness of the tartan-clad – one could say his "personal style" – would be clear, as it is often the differences in what we put on our bodies that define our style. Yet we may feel compelled to link all of those who wear tartans into one unified group that appears to dress very similarly to one another, thus lacking in personal style or even more importantly, an individualized identity – this couldn't be farther from the truth. On the contrary, something that is undeniably clear to each member of the tartan ingroup is that each of them, each individualized pattern, comes with a unique meaning, heritage and story, thus adding a very important and personalized element and meaning to the kilt. The clans associated with each tartan may adhere to beliefs or value systems that differ greatly from another clan. As Dougal R. Munro says, tartans provide "a sense of where you belong in a sociological sense, what your heritage is, who your forebears are." We're fascinated by the ways that personal history can be represented through style, a common thread with all subjects that have appeared on StyleLikeU, uniformed or otherwise. For more, watch the video above.
Our last Uniforms segment featured two groups of nuns, the Daughters of St. Paul and Sisters of Saint John the Baptist – learn from them here.


fails in the same way as this puzzle (my answer).
Call the first mathematician $\alpha$ and the second mathematician $\beta$. $\alpha$'s number is $x$ and $\beta$'s number is $y$. I will assume that $x,y \in \mathbb{N}$
The set of numbers which (as factors are divisors) are raised to some power to equal $_PHONE_$ is $f = \{2,3,4,6,12,36,216,1296,46656\}$. This set is complete. Also note that $\forall z \in f. _PHONE_ \mod z \equiv 0$ - i.e. all members of $f$ are also factors.
First Comment: The only way that first comment can occur is if $x \in f$. All members of $f$ present ambiguity regarding product and exponent.
Second Comment: If $\beta$ had the number $y \not\in f$ (but still at least in the factors of $_PHONE_$) then he would know the value of $x$. Similarly if $y=2$ then he would know that the only way this can occur is if $x=46656$. Similarly, for all $y \in f \land y\not=46656$ he would also know. The only case which still presents ambiguity for $\beta$ is $y=46656$ ($\alpha$ could still have either $x=2 \lor x=46656$).
Third Comment: We ALL know that $y=46656$. So $\alpha$ declares this.
Fourth Comment: Unfortunately, $\beta$ knowing that $\alpha$ knows $y$ does not help him. The first three comments could have occurred with either $x=2 \land y=46656$ or $x=46656 \land y=46656$. The fourth comment cannot occur using the initial assumption, and I suggest would fail from infinite solutions if instead $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$, say. Thus, the puzzle is inconsistent. The fourth comment should have been "I still don't know your number".
 - $\begingroup$ d'alar'cop in this modified vesion i did consider the second mathematician less smartass, so he cudnt deduce the first one's reaction from his silence when he said "i dont know", both versions have unique same solution. $\endgroup$ – Abr001am Apr 19 '15 at 12:54
Your Answer


Quick Answer: Does Lysine Prevent Flu?
What vitamins should I take to prevent flu?
5 Vitamins That Fight the Flu—and The Foods That Contain ThemVitamin C.
Find it in: strawberries, broccoli, oranges, pineapple, and bell peppers.
Vitamin D.
Find it in: Salmon, sardines, egg yolks, mushrooms, and fortified foods.
Vitamin B6.
Find it in: Chickpeas, liver, tuna, salmon, chicken, and potatoes.
What foods kill viruses in the body?
2) Sweet potatoes, winter squash, dark green veggies, and carrotsthese foods have a ton of vitamin A which in combination with Zinc can be a flu killer. Vitamin A is an integral part of "Natural Killer" cells and other immune chemicals which are part of the response to fighting an infection.
Does lysine cause hair loss?
Is L Lysine good for hair growth?
Is L Lysine an antiviral?
What does lysine do to viruses?
Lysine may slow or stop the growth of viruses. It may protect against sexual transmission of the herpes virus. It may prevent cold sores (herpes sores) from coming back when taken with vitamin C and bioflavonoids. Lysine may improve how calcium is used.
What Vitamin kills viruses?
Vitamin D: Vitamin D, commonly known for its role in bone health, also helps make proteins that kill viruses and bacteria, especially in the respiratory tract.
How can I boost up my immune system?
What is the best natural antiviral?
Here are 15 herbs with powerful antiviral activity.Rosemary. … Echinacea. … Sambucus. … Licorice. … Astragalus. … Ginger. … Ginseng. Share on Pinterest. … Dandelion. Dandelions are widely regarded as weeds but have been studied for multiple medicinal properties, including potential antiviral effects.More items…•Oct 21, 2019
Can I take lysine and zinc together?
What is lysine vitamin good for?
Does lysine fight viruses?
Lysine can help fight herpes outbreaks Research has suggested that consuming foods high in lysine and low in arginine may help suppress episodes of the herpes simplex virus.
Can I take L Lysine everyday?
Can I take lysine and vitamin C together?
What Vitamin strengthens your immune system?


text:
Select any filter and click on Apply to see results
Table of Contents
From the Editor: The Equity Imperative in Higher Education
There is something appealing about the idea that "a rising tide lifts all boats." Make changes that benefit any one group, the aphorism suggests, and everyone will benefit. But as others have noted elsewhere, in order for everyone's boat to be lifted, everyone has to have a boat—and that is simply not the case. On a global scale, for every person whose boat is buoyed by rising sea levels, there will be disproportionately more people, frequently the most vulnerable, who are adversely affected.
In some ways, addressing the fallacy of the "rising tide" metaphor is central to the challenge that AAC&U and its members are taking up in our work to advance equity and inclusive excellence in higher education. As Estela Mara Bensimon, Alicia C. Dowd, and Keith Witham note in this issue of Diversity & Democracy, "equality is defined as treating everyone the same or giving everyone the same opportunities regardless of their individual attributes. Equity, in contrast, means accounting for differences in individual attributes and experiences for the purposes of achieving equal outcomes." As in the case of the rising tide, equal treatment doesn't necessarily result in equal outcomes.
This issue of Diversity & Democracy, as a part of AAC&U's investment in student success during its 2015 centennial celebration and beyond (described in this issue by Tia Brown McNair), calls readers to discern the difference between equality and equity, and to act to instantiate the latter—across higher education, for every student, and particularly for those who are and have been underserved and underrepresented. That means attending to real differences in students' learning experiences and outcomes—which requires measuring, tracking, and acting in response to those differences.
While such practices cannot be represented by a rising tide, they do align with another metaphor. In her closing plenary address at AAC&U's 2005 Annual Meeting, Lani Guinier, referring to work she conducted with Gerald Torres, spoke of the "miner's canary": the most "vulnerable" individual in an environment, whose "gasp for breath" indicates "a problem with the atmosphere in the mine." In higher education, according to Guinier's analogy, "the experience of people of color … is the experience of the canary" (2005, 26). What affects the canary, she contends, affects everyone.
Guinier called listeners to learn from the experiences of people of color (and, as she extended the analogy, from those of women, people with disabilities, and gays and lesbians) about what practices would benefit all. In effect, she called listeners to begin with particularities, not with generalizations; to derive principles from specifics; to recognize what is shared across difference without assuming sameness; to "transform democracy" not by following the rising tide, but by changing the environment's most insidious characteristics.
More than a decade later, the authors of this issue of Diversity & Democracy invite us to do the same. Lifting up in particular disparities by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status—but also those experienced by nontraditional students, by student veterans, and by LGBTQ students, for example—this issue's authors challenge us to seek equal outcomes for all. Like any issue of Diversity & Democracy, this issue is not comprehensive. It leaves much unsaid about disparities that exist across salient categories of identity such as gender, ability and disability, and national origin or immigration status, for example, and about many important ways in which all aspects of identity intersect. These are all topics that Diversity & Democracy has visited in previous issues and will surely visit again. As Tia Brown McNair notes in her article, we have much work left to do.
Nonetheless, readers should find in these pages much to guide them, as McNair writes, in seeking a "paradigm shift": from "the old paradigm, which depends on the assumption that student achievement gaps are rooted in students' deficits," to a new paradigm in which "educators understand and value the assets that students bring to educational experiences." In other words, instead of building systems where only those with boats can succeed, higher education should create contexts in which all students can rise on the strength of their wings—their assets, whatever form they take.
—Kathryn Peltier Campbell
Editor, Diversity & Democracy
Guinier, Lani. 2005. "The Miner's Canary: Enlisting Race, Resisting Power, and Transforming Democracy." Liberal Education 91 (2): 26–31.
Kathryn Peltier Campbell is the editor of Diversity & Democracy.


text: Mark Shuttleworth asks: "I'm hoping to launch an African Space Program by flying to space with the Russians. There have been some ups and downs along the road ;-) There is still no certainty, but the battle is half the fun. The program includes science, education and media. We have some great science experiments submitted by South African scientists, in physiology, genetics, proteomics and stem cell work. I wonder what ideas the Slashdot community has for world class space science or education, or other suggestions to make this project a huge success for Africa? If someone has a great idea, and it requires only safe, light, COTS equipment, I will try to get it onto the flight when/if I ever get up there. Any ideas are welcome. I'm looking for science experiments that are of interest to Africa, that are cutting edge, and that can only be done from space. Or educational things that demonstrate fun science that is uniquely possible in space. And yes, Debian, Python, Mozilla, POV, LAME, TTR and other friends will ride along too."


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Is there any theorem that shows:
when s+1 is prime?
(this is valid for every n>1)
or need to be prooven?
It is more usual to write the prime as Thus Fermatís little theorem is usually presented as (which is valid if or (which is valid for any integer


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Shape-shifting material switches between forms in response to heat and light
If you ever wanted to stick a square peg in a round hole, it may soon be easier than you think. Researchers at the University of Colorado (CU) Boulder are working on a new material that responds to light and heat by shifting between complex, pre-programmed shapes. Not only will it allow you to cheat at peg board tests, but it also holds promise in many applications, including manufacturing, robotics, biomedical devices, and prosthetic muscles.
Developed by a team led by Christopher Bowman, a Distinguished Professor in CU Boulder's Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CHBE), the new material is designed to overcome the limitation of other shape-shifting materials that change their form or texture. These have had a certain degree of success, but CU says they have been limited in terms of size or the extent that they could change or regain their original shape.
The new material overcomes this by using liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), which are slightly cross-linked liquid crystalline polymer networks that posses both the elasticity of an elastomer and the self-organization of the liquid crystal. They are also sensitive to heat and light, allowing the CU team to program the material at the macroscopic level.
This is achieved by incorporating a light-activated trigger into LCE networks. This trigger responds to specific wavelengths of light, causing the molecular structure to rearrange itself, Once the object changes shape, the trigger locks. When reactivated by a corresponding heat stimulus, the object reverts to its original form.
One simple example provided by the team is an origami swan that turns into a flat sheet when heated to 200° F (93° C). As it cools, it returns to its swan shape.
"The ability to form materials that can repeatedly oscillate back and forth between two independent shapes by exposing them to light will open up a wide range of new applications and approaches to areas such as additive manufacturing, robotics and biomaterials," says Bowman.
The findings were published in Science Advances, and the video below shows various versions of the new material shape-shifting.
Source: University of Colorado


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new to power.
- Osric son of Aldfrith or Alchfrith son of Oswiu (r. 718-629) — It has been disputed whether his father was Aldfrith or his half-brother Alchfrith son of Oswiu, King of Deira. Either way he seems to have been the grandson of Oswiu and was probably the last Æthelfrithing (unless a later king could trace his lineage to Æthelfrith through is mother). If he was a younger brother of Osred, he could not have been born before 698 and would have been about 30 when he died and only about 20 when he became king. He succeeded Coenred/Cenred who John of Fordun later says he murdered. Osric was succeeded by Coelwulf brother of Coenred. Coenred may have been the kinsman of Eadwulf who succeeded Aldfrith for only a few months.
The Bernician Church
Lindisfarne was the mother church for all of Bernicia and its daughter house was Melrose, founded along the route between Lindisfarne and Iona. Lindisfarne was both primary monastery and bishop's seat, while Melrose seems to have functioned as the training center for Lindisfarne. Until c. 700, Bishop Aidan was the primary saint of Lindisfarne, and he remained important within the community. After 700, Bishop Cuthbert became more politically acceptable surrogate for Aidan. Cuthbert eventually became one of the primary saints of all England.
The primary Bernician convent was at Coldingham, founding by King Oswiu's uterine sister Æbbe. There are no other specifically Bernician convents known well enough to have thier name remembered. The importance of Coldingham is shown by Queen Æthelthryth's entry into this convent. While she may have wanted to avoid Whitby because it was ruled by King Ecgfrith's sister and mother, who are unlikely to have approved of her behavior, Coldingham was run by Ecgfrith's aunt. It is also possible that she entered Coldingham because it seems to have been more friendly and perhaps lenient for noble women than Whitby.
The development of monasteries along Hadrian's wall at Hexham, Wearmouth and Jarrow are all tied to Ecgfrith's reign. It seems likely that the development of the valley into an ecclesiastical zone was part of King Ecgfrith's policy to unite Bernicia and Deira into one kingdom while opening a new economic zone that could be controlled by his surrogates in the church. Ecgfrith's reign also saw the conquest of land to the west, bringing new churches into Bernicia. It seems likely that many churches in Cumbria and Galloway were existing British churches taken over by the English. We know there were churches and a convent at Carlisle and Whithorn came into Bernicia in this time. Ecgfrith's reign also saw the huge Northumbrian see then ruled from York divided into two Bernician diocese (Lindisfarne and Hexham), one for Deira ( York), one for Pictland (Abercorn) and one for Lindsey (Lincoln). Eventually Lindisfarne's diocese would be divided again to provide for another diocese at Whithorn. Such was the state of Bernicia at the time of Bede's death.
When Norse raiding in the early 9th century made Lindisfarne unusable, the community collected their relics in St Cuthbert's coffin and began to travel. These relics included the coffin of Cuthbert and its contents, bones of Aidan, Oethelwald, the head of Oswald, and possibly other bishops. They settled at Durham in 995 where the Bishop of Durham served Bernicia and his own diocese. In the years between all of the monasteries had been raided, wrecked, and eventually abandoned. The Cathedral of Durham is best known today for being an excellent and largely undamaged pre-Reformation Cathedral with the relics of St. Cuthbert, the head of St Oswald (entombed with Cuthbert), and the bones of St Bede relocated to its Galilee Chapel. Ironically, Bede's tomb is the only elevated/above ground tomb today.
Early saints of Bernicia include Aidan of Lindisfarne, King Oswald, Boisil of Melrose, Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, Eata of Hexham, Wilfrid of Ripon/Hexham, Acca of Hexham, John of Beverly, Æthelthryth (Audrey) of Ely, Æbbe of Coldingham, Oethelwald of Farne, Bede of Jarrow, Benedict Biscop and Coelfrith of Wearmouth-Jarrow, and Ninian of Whithorn (adopted by Bernicia). Although a few of these are associated with Deira or further south, all had a connection to Bernicia and personal patronage/admiration from at least Bede!
Bernicia Re-established in Danelaw
The Viking incursions that began with an attack on Lindisfarne in the 790s eventually led to the re-establishment of a semi-independent Bernicia under the overlordship of the Danes of York. Bernicia during the Danelaw compromised the diocese of Durham and the heartland of Bernicia/Northumbria including Lothian. It stretched from Durham north to Edinburgh. The English Earls of Bamburgh remained a force to be reconed with by the Normans. A feud between the Earls of Bamburgh and men loyal to Cnut and the later kings of England is chronicled in the well recieved book Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England by Richard Fletcher (2002) and Earl Uchtred of Bamburg is the focus of Bernard Cromwell's The Saxon Chronicles series of novels.
From the time of King Æthelfrith (r. 592-616) through to the Earls of Bamburgh in the twilight of Anglo-Saxon England, Bamburgh and Bernicia was a place of power and influence. Ælfred didn't manage to unite all of the Anglo-Saxon nobles under his banner, the Earls of Bamburgh stood alone in thier dealings with the Danes. Earl Osulf II, descendent of Earl Uchtred of Bamburgh, managed to gain control of the reconstituted Earldom of Northumbria until his death in 1067. He was succeeded by a half-Scottish cousin Gospatrick who secured the earldom from William I seeing Bamburgh into the Norman period in English hands. His descendents ruled as earls in parts of Bernicia into the 1400s.


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(HealthDay News) -- When debris is being burned outdoors, the smoke can be harmful if inhaled.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lists these guidelines to help protect yourself from debris smoke:
- If you are at a high risk of complications from breathing the smoke, avoid exposure.
- Try to avoid exposure to smoke both indoors and outdoors.
- Close your windows and stay inside, running the air conditioner.
- Don't engage in activities that strain your lungs and heart, including exercise or chores, either outside or inside your home.
- Stick to your medication regimen as prescribed by your doctor; contact your doctor if your health worsens.
- Remember that wearing a dust mask, wet cloth or bandana will not protect you from smoke.


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The Egyptian cultural and Educational Bureau (ECEB) in Washington DC organizes and participates in variety of cultural events and activities in the United States. Following is a list of the main ones:
The Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau (ECEB) in Washington DC plays a major role in variety of educational activities. Following is a list of the Main ones:
ECEB plays a catalyst role in enhancing the cooperation between education and research centers in Egypt and their counterparts in the United States. ECEB facilitates development of the agreements and memorandums of understanding and supervises the progress of the joint programs thereafter.
ECEB identifies areas of new developments in all scientific fields, observe the rating of the universities and delineates scholars of greatest accomplishments for the benefit of directing future Egyptian missions and training programs in the United States.
ECEB plays a major role in supervising Egyptian students and scholars studying or conducting research in the United States. ECEB helps in placing the students in appropriate universities, monitors their academic progress and compiles the abstracts of their completed theses.
ECEB keeps track of the accredited programs and accrediting bodies and advise on the equivalency of the degrees granted by schools, colleges and universities in the United States to their corresponding degrees in Egypt.
ECEB administers pre-university exams, according to the Egyptian Ministry of Education curricula, for Egyptian students residing in the United States with their guardians. The exams are prepared and sent by the Ministry of Education in Egypt for the following grades: third, fourth, fifth and sixth elementary level, first, second and third preparatory level, and first secondary level. Answer papers are graded in Egypt.
The Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau in Washington DC interacts very closely with graduate student sent on governmental scholarships or granted study leave by institutions falling under the auspices of the Ministry of Higher Education and scientific research. ECEB coordinates the following programs.
1. Government Mission Program (GM):
The GM Program is directed to Egyptian students of high caliber to pursue their PhD work in the United States in selected fields. The Egyptian Government sponsors and fully supports the PhD candidates over four years. In some cases, the mission with the government support can be extended additional nine months. Beyond the four years the candidate should find other means of support to complete the degree requirements. Awardees of the GM Program should return to their mother institutions to serve.
2. Joint Supervision (JS) and Data Collection (CD) Programs:
The program is directed to assistant lecturers in Egyptian Universities, graduate students with Masters Degrees, registered for PhD degrees in Egyptian universities. The student would come to the United States for a period of one year to collect data or conduct further research for his dissertation. The student is fully supported by the Egyptian Government. For the JS Program, the student is supervised by an Egyptian professor and an American professor is selected as his co-supervisor. The American co-supervisor is invited for two weeks to Egypt while the student is still in Egypt to agree on the study program and plan the student activities in the US. The Egyptian supervisor visits the student, two weeks, during his stay in the US to advise and monitor progress. Air tickets and per diem for the trips of both supervisors is covered by the Government of Egypt. CD and JS missions can be extended beyond the first year provided that the mother institution of the student agrees and that the student finds means to support his stay.
3. The Post Doctoral Sabbatical Program (SAB):
Candidates for the SAB Program should have their PhD degrees from Egyptian universities. They join an American university or research institute for a period of three to six months. The Egyptian Government fully supports their stay. They work closely with mentors within the host departments.
4. Self Financed (SF) and Study Leave (SL) Students:
This group of students includes demonstrators (graduates with Bachelors Degree) and assistant lecturers (graduates with a Masters Degree) who are appointed in an Egyptian University or Research Center that belongs to the Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research. They come to the United States for higher degrees. They support themselves through assistantships offered by American universities or through family savings. Their tenure positions in Egypt are kept while they are working to complete their degrees. Other privileges offered by the government include return air tickets back home and other thesis preparation allowances.
5. Student under Scientific Supervision:
Egyptian students residing in the United States with their guardians and attending American high schools and universities should register with ECEB as students under scientific supervision. Their military service is postponed while they are conducting full load of study. Egyptian students enrolled in the American Diploma who will be joining Egyptian universities should be registered with ECEB as students under scientific supervision.
We would like to extend a warm welcome to all visitors of the website of the Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau in Washington DC. Our office runs under the auspices of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Egypt in harmony with the Embassy of Egypt in the United States. Our services and programs are directed to Egyptian students and scholars studying, teaching or conducting research in the United States and to all Americans interested in Egypt's rich history and cultural diversity. We are dedicated to facilitate linkage between institutes and centers of excellence in Science, Technology, Education, Arts and Humanities in Egypt and their counterparts in the United States. The objective of our work is to contribute positively in strengthening cultural understanding of values and beliefs in both nations.
This site offers a description of the ECEB ongoing programs and provides links to other sites that contain useful information about educational and cultural aspects of Egypt. Events that ECEB organizes or participates in are posted. Please visit our site frequently. We are counting on your feed back to make it more informative and useful.
Egyptian Cultural and Educational Bureau


Julia C. Becker
Julia C. Becker obtained her PhD from Philipps University, Marburg in Germany and has been Professor of Social Psychology at Osnabrueck University since 2013. Her main research interests focus on ways to explain why disadvantaged group members tolerate societal systems that produce social and economic inequality and how legitimizing ideologies help to maintain unequal status relations. Building on this, she is interested in people's motivation to engage in activism for social change.


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The Death Defier, or Diablero, is a creature who once was human but who acquired magical powers that allowed it to escape death. But maybe death is a better fate than to live as a death defier–a collection of bones and will, memories and hate. The diablero is a creature who takes its energy from the living things it kills.
When some strange deaths occur on Ocracoke Island and in the Great Dismal Swamp, newspaper reporter Hunter Singleton is assigned to the story. Investigating the murders brings him back into contact with his estranged wife, Lisa, but also with his old friend, Jason Summerfield, a museum curator in Pasquotank County. Summerfield tells Hunter the legend of Blackbeard's involvement with the black arts and the strange circumstances of the pirate's death. Meanwhile, in Virginia, an antiques dealer makes a pact with a diablero that sends the creature back to the Carolinas where Hunter and his allies try to end the killings. This is a tale of magic, greed, betrayal, and revenge.
Check this title's availability in the UNC-Chapel Library.


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Department of Food and Nutrition
B.Voc in Food and Nutrition
The science of Food and Nutrition integrates the processes involved in the production and consumption of food. B.Voc in Food and Nutrition course deals with the wide areas of biological and chemical composition of food, preservation and the level of nutrition. The students will be equipped with the knowledge and practical sides of understanding the importance of hygiene and maintenance in order to know how food can be made worthy of consumption. The program concentrates on the aspects of nutrition, the techniques of preservation and its importance to health. Food and Nutrition course provides students with the ability to perform an individual study on the subject and to conduct advanced researches. The candidates will be trained to explore the field of Food and Nutrition widening their scope in areas of Food Industry, Nutritionist, Diet Therapist, Aerobic Consultant and much more.


Dare to do things for the first time!
Be brave and explore the world
Have you realized that you only have one chance to do things for the first time? It's overwhelming if you think about it every day! But, relax, you just need to make a few chances to have great experiences in your life.
If you make little changes every day, life will have a different and fantastic surprise for you, some of them will turn into your daily routine, and that's ok, we all need a little bit of order. But we also need incredible and new adventures to live in!
Do you remember the first time you saw the sea? Or how about making something that was scary and then realized that it was not frightening at all. Well, all of those incredible memories can be created if you dare to do something new. Here you have 9 first times that you will remember forever!
1.- The first time you saw the sea
9 first things that you will remember forever
Tristan Higbee
I bet you will never forget the first time that you visited a beach and saw the immensity of the sea. It has some kind of magic which can relax you and marvel you just by looking at it. Do you realize that it's an entirely different world than the one we live in? It is so amazing just to think about that! And of course, you will remember it forever.
2.- The first time that you counted more than 20 stars in the sky
9 first things that you will remember forever
El Coleccionista de instantes
The stars are there, in the sky, all the time, but we can't see them because of the luminosity pollution, contamination and a lot of other factors that make it really difficult. But once you're out of the big city and travel somewhere less crowded with few lights, you'll see the magic of the sky and understand why our ancestors gave the stars so much importance.
3.- The first time you do something adventurous
Xplor Park
Feeling fear is reasonable, but you can't let the fear control you and limit you on doing new and incredible things. Usually, extreme situations to make you feel fear, listen to your instinct, but just a little bit, then do whatever you want to and remember it forever.
4.- The first time you get in touch with our ancestors.
9 first times that you will remember forever
Xichen Tours
Reading about our ancestors and how they lived and what they believed in is fantastic and exciting. Usually, it helps us to understand a lot of things about our behavior. But one thing is to read on books or google it, another thing is actually to visit an archeological site where people lived thousands of years ago. It is something that you will remember forever.
5.- The first time you travel alone
Steven Vance
Traveling alone is an experience that you will remember forever, you get to know yourself in ways that never before or in any other situation you could. It forces you to deal with your fears, and new and different challenges every second. Definitely, something you have to do at least one time in your life.
6.- The first time you sleep in a tent
9 first times that you will remember forever
Christian Collins
It sounds like nothing, but believe me, it's a whole new experience. For starters, if you want to camp, for sure, it will be far away from the city, so prepare yourself for new sounds like crickets, and many other animals.
Once you're familiar with the new noises, the stars will be unforgettable and then, the sunrise from your tent is something that you will remember forever. Waking up with the first sun rays and then see how everything gets little by little the sunlight and takes its color is incredible.
7.- The first time you travel with your couple
Marco Verch
Traveling with your couple is fantastic and something to remember forever. Visit a new place together, discover incredible landscapes and a lot of first times will keep in your mind forever and, for sure, this will be the beginning of a lot more.
8.- The first time you defeat one of your fears
9 first times that you will remember forever
Xenses Park
Deal with the darkness or hights or any other fear is a big challenge for everybody, but once you do it it's unforgettable, and you will remember forever the feeling of success and adrenaline of defeating something that you have never done before.
9.- The first time you visited a new country
Andrés Nieto Porras
Getting out of the place you've lived your whole life is something to remember forever. That feeling immerses yourself in a completely different culture with a different language will stay with you forever.
What other thing are you sure that you'll remember forever? Write it in the comments!


Counting Fields in a Delimited String (or Words in a String)
String Manipulation
Gavin Bollard
Version Compatibility: Visual Basic 6, Visual Basic 5
More information:
This routine was written when I was handling a series of comma delimited files (of varying sizes). I used the vb line input statement to read a line from the file into memory, and needed to be able to determine how many fields (separate data items were in it).
For example - the following string contains four fields (this routine would return a 4).
Roger Wilco, 02 9805 9809, Space Fleet Headquarters, Janitor
Since sentances are delimited by spaces, this routine could also be used to count the number of words in a string (by passing a single space as a delimiter).
This is especially useful for VB5, because in VB6 you can do a similiar thing with fewer lines of code using the Split function.
Instructions: Copy the declarations and code below and paste directly into your VB project.


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Stuart Johnson, Deseret News
Utah had a problem in 1903.
The St. Louis World's Fair had invited the state to participate in a parade of states. The parade was only few months away, and Utah was unprepared: It had no state flag.
Utah's first governor, Heber M. Wells, needed a flag fast, so he asked for help from Julia P.M. Farnsworth, regent of the Utah State Society of the Daughters of the Revolution.
The Daughters of the Revolution — a who's who of turn-of-the-19th-century Utah women — raised money by $1 donations and contracted with the ZCMI art department to make the flag. Agnes Teudt Fernelius, an immigrant from Goteborg, Sweden, embroidered the state seal with white thread on blue homespun Utah silk.
On May 1, 1903, in St. Louis, the delegation from the Union's youngest state marched proudly with the flag in the parade of states. The delegation, which included President Joseph F. Smith of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Sen. Reed Smoot, Gov. Wells and others, had met earlier where the World's Fair, officially known as the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, would take place the next year. A photograph was taken of the delegation standing around the flag where the Utah pavilion would be built.
More than a century later, in 2008, Ronald Fox found the photograph of the flag. Fox is a history buff and an indefatigable artifact hunter. Like a pit bull, he latched onto the idea of finding the flag.
The Utah State History department didn't have a record of the flag. Fox looked everywhere: The Daughters of Utah Pioneers, the LDS Church's collections, Fort Douglas Museum and the museum at the former state Capitol in Fillmore.
As Fox researched, he learned that it wasn't until March 9, 1911 — 99 years ago Tuesday — that the 1903 flag was declared by the Legislature as the official state flag of Utah.
Fox met flag expert John Hartvigsen in December 2009. Hartvigsen remembered seeing a beautifully embroidered 1922 Utah flag in the Utah State Historical Society Museum's collection. Fox knew that the 1922 flag wasn't listed in the museum's index of cataloged items. "That led me to believe that (the 1903) flag was there," Fox said.
Fox decided to go back to the beginning of his search and called Philip F. Notarianni, Utah State history director. Notarianni agreed to make a thorough search.
A few days later, in early February, Fox received a call from Michele Elnicky, a curator at the museum. Her team had found the flag. It had been inside a box that had been placed inside another box long before their cataloging system had been implemented.
The 1903 blue-and-white flag's reign as Utah's official flag was short-lived. After President Theodore Roosevelt announced plans for the USS Utah, a full-color flag was created for the battleship. That design, with minor changes, became the new Utah state flag by legislative decree in 1913.
The 1903 flag continued to be used as a "governor's flag" for about a decade. It was eventually retired to a box in the state archives, donated to the historical society, misplaced inside another box and lost to memory.
When Fox ended his two-year search, he could see that the flag's blue homespun Utah silk was torn in many places and in need of conservation and restoration work. Agnes Teudt Fernelius' intricate 107-year-old embroidery, however, was still in perfect condition.
Utah's first flag will be shown to the public for the first time in decades today from 1 to 3 p.m. at the state Capitol during the announcement of an exhibit titled "Utah in the Union: The Story of the 45th State."
Utah state flag facts:
1896: State seal designed by Harry E. Edmunds and C. M. Jackson.
1903: First Utah flag is embroidered with white thread on Utah homespun blue silk.
1913: Wm. H. Horstmann Co. makes a Utah flag for the USS Utah battleship — and adds, without instructions, a gold circle around the state seal.
1922: Emma W. "Dolly" McMonegal creates beautiful multicolored embroidered flag of Utah. She forgets to put the year 1847 on the flag and has to add it later below the shield. All current Utah flags are based on this version of the flag — even though state law requires 1847 to be on the shield, not below it.
2010: Paul Swenson of Colonial Flag donates funds to have the 1903 Utah flag conserved and restored.
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Definition of Phytolaccaceae
1. Noun. Chiefly tropical herbaceous plants (including shrubs and trees) with racemose flowers: genera Phytolacca, Agdestis, Ercilla, Rivina, Trichostigma.
Generic synonyms: Caryophylloid Dicot Family
Group relationships: Caryophyllales, Chenopodiales, Order Caryophyllales, Order-chenopodiales
Member holonyms: Genus Phytolacca, Phytolacca, Agdestis, Genus Agdestis, Ercilla, Genus Ercilla, Genus Rivina, Rivina, Genus Trichostigma, Trichostigma
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Phytolaccaceae Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Phytolaccaceae
Literary usage of Phytolaccaceae
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British by Nathaniel Lord Britton, Addison Brown (1913)
"phytolaccaceae Lindl. Nat. Syst. Ed. 2, 213. 1836. POKEWEED FAMILY. Herbs (some tropical species shrubs or trees) with alternate entire mostly exstipulate..."
2. Systematic Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: A Handbook for Laboratories of Pure by Hans Solereder (1908)
"3, t. iii, 1887, p. 238 and pi. i. —Volkens, in Natürl. Pflanzenfam., iii. Teil, Abt. ia, 1893, p. 135. phytolaccaceae...."
3. Scientific and Applied Pharmacognosy: Intended for the Use of Students in by Henry Kraemer (1915)
"phytolaccaceae), a perennial herb (Fig. 85) indigenous to eastern North America, and naturalized in the West Indies and southern Europe...."
4. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, Exhibiting a View of the Progressive by Robert Jameson, Sir William Jardine, Henry D Rogers (1838)
"Carpels 1 or 3 or 5 or more (some phytolaccaceae), free from the calyx (exc. some Chenopodiaceae), more or less connate with each other (exc. some..."
Other Resources Relating to: Phytolaccaceae


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CHICAGO – March 3, 2016 – STATS LLC, the world's leading sports technology, data and content company, will have newly appointed Director of Data Science, Patrick Lucey, presenting a paper at the 2016 MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference Research Track Final.
The paper, written by Felix Wei, Patrick Lucey, Stuart Morgan, Machar Reid and Sridha Sridharan, is a collaboration between STATS newly-formed Data Science Team, the Australian Institute of Sport, Tennis Australia and Queensland University of Technology. The paper will be presented as a finalist in the conference's prestigious Research Paper Competition.
The paper, entitled The Thin Edge of the Wedge: Accurately Predicting Shot Outcomes in Tennis Using Style and Context Priors, aims to discover patterns of player movement and ball striking which are indicative of changing the probability of winning a point. Using optical-tracking data it is possible to form a representation of a player's style, enabling researchers to personalize interactions between players based on match context. This approach facilitates more accurate point prediction and an enhanced understanding of how points are won through the manipulation and exploitation of space on the court.
"In professional sport, there is an enormous amount of tracking data available. This paper showcases some methods we can use to maximize the value of it," said Lucey, Director of Data Science at STATS. "Even though the paper focuses on tennis, similar ideas can be applied across other sports. Considering how much of this data we have at STATS, and the charter of the Data Science Team is to generate new technology using this data, it is a very exciting time."
Each year the MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference Research Paper Competition presents exciting insights and fresh perspectives on a wide range of sports. An opportunity to highlight new research in front of an audience of industry decision-makers, the competition is an important platform for contributing to the analytical discourse in professional sports.
To arrange a meeting with STATS MIT Sloan, click here.


Two free useful marketing tools
The Analysis Spreadsheet
If you did a test mailing to two sets of 3,000 names and one got 1.5% response and the other got 1.75%, is this difference statistically significant or not? Often two results may look significantly different but in reality they may not be. This spreadsheet lets you correctly analyse your results. This free marketing tool works for both mailings and off-the-page advertising. (278K)
Download Now
Online Breakeven Analysis - Find out if your next campaign is likely to work
Many direct response/direct mail campaigns are doomed from the start because someone never worked out the likelihood of success. The lower the response rate you need to break even, the higher your chances of success.
With this marketing tool you need to enter values for cost of mailing, mailing volume, average order size and average profit per order then press calculate the key factors affecting the success of your campaign:
Cost of Mailing
Mailing volume
Average order size
Average gross profit per order
Cost per pack
Number of customers
needed to break even
Cost per customer
at break even
Target response rate
Now ask yourself: can you achieve this response rate or higher?
Also remember, most people aim to break even on customer recruitment and make long-term profit from subsequent repeat sales. So the next thing you need to work out is how valuable your customers are - take a look at this article.


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The AeroMP* is Biaera's original and most comprehensive aerosol control platform. The AeroMP can be configured to control nine independent airflows, three RS-232 controlled devices, and three USB devices. All system functions are managed through Biaera's AeroMP control software running on a PC in the laboratory. The open architecture software allows the user to custom configure the system to operate with virtually any aerosol generator, aerosol sampler, exposure chamber, or monitoring device.
All system functions are controlled through the AeroMP software. The software automatically monitors and conditions the chamber, balances the system airflows, and records all relevant data for subsequent analysis.
"Point and Click" operation and menu driven controls provide unprecendented ease-of-use in an aerosol system. With the AeroMP there is no need to adjust regulators, monitor pressure gauges, turn valves, or change flow switches. The AeroMP manages all of these functions and processes.
Biaera's AeroMP platform is the only aerosol system that integrates all of the components associated with aerosol studies into a single portal.
Laboratory-based aerosol studies require aerosol generation, conditioning, dilution, sampling, and sizing in addition to system balancing and environmental control. Historically, these functions have been carried out through a disparate collection of both automated and manual control systems, each producing a separate data stream. With the inherent interdependency of these various functions, however, such aerosol systems were complicated, difficult to operate, and often unreliable. The AeroMP integrates all of these monitoring and control functions into a single hardware/software platform.
The AeroMP hardware houses all of the flow control devices, data acquisition boards, data networking devices, and electronics needed to communicate with all of these systems.
The AeroMP software allows the user to simultaneously monitor and control the various functions while the component interdependence is being managed through the software. The result is a reliable, flexible, easy to use system that produces a single data stream. The single data stream facilitates rapid analysis of experimental outcomes, tracking experimental performance over time, and direct comparisons between individual components of individual experiments.
The following chart identifies the individual functions of the aerosol system controlled, monitored, displayed, and recorded through the integrated AeroMP platform.


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TNO Inst. for Perception, P.O. Box 23, 3769 ZG Soesterberg, The Netherlands
The energy at any location f[sub i]t[sub i] in the speech spectrogram can be derived by convolution of the speech signal with appropriate Gaussian-shaped cosine and sine waves. This leads to the so-called pixel energy, with an integration window centered at f[sub i]t[sub i] and Gaussian-shaped in both frequency and time. Analysis of the correlation for pairs of pixels at a given mutual distance in the spectrogram provides a parametric representation of speech, which shows interesting characteristics. One such representation is the spectral correlation matrix: the correlation for pairs of energy pixels drawn at the same instance at two different frequencies f[sub i] and f[sub j], with f[sub i] and f[sub j] chosen from a range of values at appropriate intervals along the frequency scale. It is found that, for a given talker, this spectral correlation matrix stabilizes after analyzing a speech token of about 10 to 15 s: Its features are then typical of speech as such, and do not depend on the actual content of the speech token. Details of such spectral correlation matrices appear to be characteristic of the talker.


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Originally trained in sculpture and drawing Wendy Miller is a Sydney based multidisciplinary artist working across video, installation, objects, and mixed media. Unconfined by constraints of a single medium, her work investigates themes of ruin, disintegration and disorder. Paper for fragility, clay for disintegration or fabric for decadence, Miller selects materials that specifically encapsulate her aim in order to create works in which form and concept intrinsically coalesce.
In this way, Miller explores the current state of the Anthropocene; the irreversible impact of the human on the planet. Her work is a delicate tribute to botanicals with sinister undertones. She contrasts the beauty and intricacy of plants with a sense of darkness and devastation to shine a light on the irreversible acts of extinction and human destruction. Flora is portrayed as an incredibly charged subject matter that therefore enables her to explore contemporary themes of beauty, wonder and delicacy alongside themes of capitalism, colonialism and ecological ruin. The visual, olfactory and sensual nature of flora provides the theatre that slows the viewer to contemplate these larger issues.
Miller similarly draws on the theme of ruin to introspectively comment on the damage wreaked by colonialism. She examines the role her colonial ancestors played in the frontier wars that resulted in the near genocide of Tasmanian Aboriginals. Flora is used as a symbol of these atrocities throughout her work. In addressing these colonial histories Miller highlights the continuing global impact on contemporary society.


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New Perspectives on the Complexity of Computational Learning, and Other Problems in Theoretical Computer Science (thesis)
In this thesis we present the following results.
- Learning theory, and in particular PAC learning, was introduced by Valiant
[CACM 1984] and has since become a major area of research in theoretical and
applied computer science. One natural question that was posed at the very
inception of the field is whether there are classes of functions that are hard to
PAC learning is hard under widely held conjectures such as the existence of
one-way functions, and on the other hand it is known that if PAC learning is
hard then P ̸= NP. We further study sufficient and necessary conditions for
PAC learning to be hard, and we prove that:
1. ZK ̸= BPP implies that PAC learning is hard.
2. It is unlikely using standard techniques that one can prove that PAC learning
is hard implies that ZK ̸= BPP.
3. It is unlikely using standard techniques that one can prove that P ̸= NP
implies that ZK ̸= BPP.
Here, "standard techniques" refers to various classes of efficient reductions. Together,
these results imply that the hardness of PAC learning lies between the
non-triviality of ZK on the one hand and the hardness of NP on the other
hand. Furthermore, the hardness of PAC learning lies "strictly" between the
two, in the sense that most standard techniques cannot prove equivalence with
either ZK ̸= BPP or NP ̸= P.
In proving these results, we show new connections between PAC learning and
auxiliary-input one-way functions, which were defined by Ostrovsky and Wigderson
[ISTCS 1993] to better understand ZK. We also define new problems related
to PAC learning that we believe of are independent interest, and may be useful
in future studies of the complexity of PAC learning.
- A secure failure-localization (FL) protocol allows a sender to localize faulty links
on a single path through a network to a receiver, even when intermediate nodes
on the path behave adversarially. Such protocols were proposed as tools that
enable Internet service providers to select high-performance paths through the
Internet, or to enforce contractual obligations. We give the first formal definitions
of security for FL protocols and prove that for such protocols, security
requires each intermediate node on the path to have some shared secret information
(e.g. keys), and that every black-box construction of a secure FL
protocol from a random oracle requires each intermediate node to invoke the
random oracle. This suggests that achieving this kind of security is unrealistic
as intermediate nodes have little incentive to participate in the real world.
- Ahlswede and Winter [IEEE Trans. Inf. Th. 2002] introduced a Chernoff bound
for matrix-valued random variables, which is a non-trivial generalization of the
usual Chernoff bound for real-valued random variables. We present an efficient
derandomization of their bound using the method of pessimistic estimators (see
Raghavan [JCSS 1988]). As a consequence, we derandomize a construction of
Alon and Roichman [RSA 1994] to efficiently construct an expanding Cayley
graph of logarithmic degree on any (possibly non-abelian) group. This gives an
optimal solution to the homomorphism testing problem of Shpilka and Wigderson
[STOC 2004]. We also apply these pessimistic estimators to the problem of
solving semi-definite covering problems, thus giving a deterministic algorithm
for the quantum hypergraph cover problem of Ahslwede and Winter.


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Diet Soft Drinks Cause Stroke?
While drinking diet soft drinks may help reduce the amount of carbs a person consumes, they are not without their downside. As one study points out, they have a significant impact on your risk of an adverse "vascular event" like a stroke, myocardial infarction or some kind of vascular death.
Researchers found that "those who drank diet soft drinks daily (vs. none) had an increased risk of vascular events." Daily soft drink intake increased their risk of vascular events by 43%.
There are plenty of alternatives to diet and regular soft drinks, including the most readily available: water. Next time you are asked what you want to drink, consider all your choices.


Using AI to spot causative relationships in overlapping medical datasets
Credit: CC0 Public Domain
A combined team of researchers from Babylon Health and University College has created an algorithm that they claim can find causal relationships among information in overlapping medical datasets. They have written a paper describing their algorithm and have uploaded it to the arXiv preprint server. They will also be giving a presentation describing their research at this year's Association for Advancement of Artificial Intelligence meeting.
Finding a systematic way to sift through data to find the cause of a given condition in a single sick person is a major challenge in AI research. If a patient has been sneezing more than normal lately, is it because an allergen has been introduced into their environment? Or have they caught a cold? Worse, maybe they have a in their sinuses or brain. The for seeking the right answer in such scenarios is human-based. Doctors ask questions and search their memory for answers. If they are unable to find one, they may consult with other doctors or study medical textbooks or online databases.
This system has its merits, of course, it being the best available. But it also has drawbacks—it is limited by human memory and resourcefulness. Many believe there is a better way—let a computer do it. This is not currently possible, but scientists are working on it. In this new effort, the researchers have introduced a system with an that analyzes data from disparate, overlapping datasets and finds causal relationships.
The algorithm is based on the concept of entropy, in which any system becomes more disordered over time. The researchers propose that entropy exists with information in datasets, as well, and that causal forces are more ordered than the data that describes the outcome of their effects. That being the case, it should be possible to work backward to find the cause—and that is just what their algorithm does.
The system was able to correctly assess the size and texture of breast cancer tumors when comparing datasets in which the causal relationships were already known—it determined that they did not have a, but both were an indicator of whether a tumor was benign or malignant.
Explore further
Algorithm turns cancer gene discovery on its head
More information: Anish Dhir, Ciarán M. Lee. Integrating overlapping datasets using bivariate causal discovery. arXiv:1910.11356v2 [stat.ML]: _URL_.11356
© 2020 Science X Network
Citation: Using AI to spot causative relationships in overlapping medical datasets (2020, February 7) retrieved 5 August 2021 from _URL_
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Lorenz first discovered chaos by accident while developing a simple mathematical model of atmospheric convection, using three ordinary differential equations. He found that nearly indistinguishable initial conditions could produce completely divergent outcomes, rendering weather prediction impossible beyond a time horizon of about a fortnight.
OSMnx is a Python package for downloading administrative boundary shapes and street networks from OpenStreetMap. It allows you to easily construct, project, visualize, and analyze complex street networks in Python with NetworkX. You can get a city's or neighborhood's walking, driving, or biking network with a single line of Python code. Then you can simply visualize cul-de-sacs or one-way streets, plot shortest-path routes, or calculate stats like intersection density, average node connectivity, or betweenness centrality. You can download/cite the paper here.
In a single line of code, OSMnx lets you download, construct, and visualize the street network for, say, Modena Italy:
import osmnx as ox ox.plot_graph(ox.graph_from_place('Modena, Italy'))
A spatial index such as R-tree can drastically speed up GIS operations like intersections and joins. Spatial indices are key features of spatial databases like PostGIS, but they're also available for DIY coding in Python. I'll introduce how R-trees work and how to use them in Python and its geopandas library. All of my code is in this notebook in this urban data science GitHub repo.
This is a summary of our JPER journal article (available here) about Craigslist rental listings' insights into U.S. housing markets.
Rentals make up a significant portion of the U.S. housing market, but much of this market activity is poorly understood due to its informal characteristics and historically minimal data trail. The UC Berkeley Urban Analytics Lab collected, validated, and analyzed 11 million Craigslist rental listings to discover fine-grained patterns across metropolitan housing markets in the United States. I'll summarize our findings below and explain the methodology at the bottom.
But first, 4 key takeaways:
- There are incredibly few rental units below fair market rent in the hottest housing markets. Some metro areas like New York and Boston have only single-digit percentages of Craigslist rental listings below fair market rent. That's really low.
- This problem doesn't exclusively affect the poor: the share of its income that the typical household would spend on the typical rent in cities like New York and San Francisco exceeds the threshold for "rent burden."
- Rents are more "compressed" in soft markets. For example, in Detroit, most of the listed units are concentrated within a very narrow band of rent/ft² values, but in San Francisco rents are much more dispersed. Housing vouchers may end up working very differently in high-cost vs low-cost areas.
- Craigslist listings correspond reasonably well with Dept of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) estimates, but provide up-to-date data including unit characteristics, from neighborhood to national scales. For example, we can see how rents are changing, neighborhood by neighborhood, in San Francisco in a given month.
A guide to setting up the Python scientific stack, well-suited for geospatial analysis, on a Raspberry Pi 3. The whole process takes just a few minutes.
The Raspberry Pi 3 was announced two weeks ago and presents a substantial step up in computational power over its predecessors. It can serve as a functional Wi-Fi connected Linux desktop computer, albeit underpowered. However it's perfectly capable of running the Python scientific computing stack including Jupyter, pandas, matplotlib, scipy, scikit-learn, and OSMnx.
Despite (or because of?) its low power, it's ideal for low-overhead and repetitive tasks that researchers and engineers often face, including geocoding, web scraping, scheduled API calls, or recurring statistical or spatial analyses (with small-ish data sets). It's also a great way to set up a simple server or experiment with Linux. This guide is aimed at newcomers to the world of Raspberry Pi and Linux, but who have an interest in setting up a Python environment on these $35 credit card sized computers. We'll run through everything you need to do to get started (if your Pi is already up and running, skip steps 1 and 2). Continue reading Scientific Python for Raspberry Pi
The fall semester begins next week at UC Berkeley. For the third year in a row, Paul Waddell and I will be teaching CP255: Urban Informatics and Visualization.
This masters-level course trains students to analyze urban data, develop indicators, conduct spatial analyses, create data visualizations, and build interactive web maps. To do this, we use the Python programming language, open source analysis and visualization tools, and public data.
This course is designed to provide future city planners with a toolkit of technical skills for quantitative problem solving. We don't require any prior programming experience – we teach this from the ground up – but we do expect prior knowledge of basic statistics and GIS.
Our teaching materials, including IPython Notebooks, tutorials, and guides are available in this GitHub repo, updated as the semester progresses.
In a previous post, I discussed chaos theory, fractals, and strange attractors – and their implications for knowledge and prediction of systems. I also briefly touched on how phase diagrams (or Poincaré plots) can help us visualize system attractors and differentiate chaotic behavior from true randomness.
In this post (adapted from this paper), I provide more detail on constructing and interpreting phase diagrams. These methods are particularly useful for discovering deterministic chaos in otherwise random-appearing time series data, as they visualize strange attractors. I'm using Python for all of these visualizations and the source code is available in this GitHub repo.
Chaos theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with nonlinear dynamical systems. A system is just a set of interacting components that form a larger whole. Nonlinear means that due to feedback or multiplicative effects between the components, the whole becomes something greater than just adding up the individual parts. Lastly, dynamical means the system changes over time based on its current state. In the following piece (adapted from this article), I break down some of this jargon, visualize interesting characteristics of chaos, and discuss its implications for knowledge and prediction.
Chaotic systems are a simple sub-type of nonlinear dynamical systems. They may contain very few interacting parts and these may follow very simple rules, but these systems all have a very sensitive dependence on their initial conditions. Despite their deterministic simplicity, over time these systems can produce totally unpredictable and wildly divergent (aka, chaotic) behavior. Edward Lorenz, the father of chaos theory, described chaos as "when the present determines the future, but the approximate present does not approximately determine the future."


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Broccoli may prevent stomach cancer
April 10, 2009 by Personal Liberty News Desk
Bacterium known as Helicobacter Pylori is a major cause of stomach ulcers which may cause stomach cancer, but new research has found compounds in broccoli sprouts may act to kill the germ.
Scientists in Japan conducted a study of 48 Helicobacter-infected people who were assigned 70 grams of fresh broccoli sprouts daily for eight weeks.
What they found was what researchers around the world long suspected, namely that the phytochemical sulforaphane found in broccoli significantly reduced the bacteria count.
After testing the group which ate broccoli they established H. pylori levels that were significantly lower at eight weeks among those patients who had eaten broccoli sprouts, while remaining the same for patients who had not.
"Broccoli has recently entered the public awareness as a preventive dietary agent," says Dr. Jed Fahey, research associate in the Department of Pharmacology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
"This study supports the emerging evidence that broccoli sprouts may be able to prevent cancer in humans, not just in lab animals," he adds.
This finding adds to the mounting evidence of health benefits associated with broccoli consumption.
An study published earlier this year found that the vegetable may help protect against respiratory inflammation that causes asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


Geologists explore clues to Earth's formation in diamonds
November 8, 2011 in Earth / Earth Sciences
(PhysOrg.com) -- When jewelers inspect diamonds, they look for cut, clarity, color, and carat. When University of Tennessee, Knoxville, geologists Larry Taylor and Yang Liu inspect diamonds, they look for minerals, inclusions jewelers hate, but whose presence could be clues for how parts of earth formed.
Taylor, distinguished professor of earth and planetary sciences, and Liu, research assistant professor, have been awarded $380,000 by the National Science Foundation. The UT will partner with researchers from the to study diamond deposits in northern Siberia.
in that region are veritable time capsules, giving researchers a window into how the of North Asia formed.
"These diamonds are carrying information that goes back 3.5 billion years," said Yang. "It helps us piece together how the deep mantle beneath the Asian continent formed and how it evolved."
These diamond deposits are some of largest in the world. They are also some of the most well-preserved, thanks to the cold climate, which protects against weathering by encasing the diamonds in permafrost. Also, Siberia contains thousands of unique volcanoes, called kimberlites, that carry diamonds to the surface from hundreds of miles deep within the earth, unlike 'normal' volcanoes which carry them from a few miles deep.
"The diamonds are brought up through a conduit called a pipe by this strange volcanic magma called a kimberlite," Taylor said. "These kimberlites are the sources of the major diamonds of the world and are the carriers of these prizes from the mantle, where they have formed in high-pressure and high-temperature environments."
The researchers' goal is to determine how Asia's craton—the part of a continent that is stable and forms the central mass of the continent—formed and built upon itself over billions of years. By examining the chemical isotopes of the minerals inside the diamonds, the researchers are able to date the minerals and diamonds and trace their evolutionary history.
"In order to obtain the important chemical information, we polish the diamonds and expose the mineral inclusions," Yang said. "There are no natural materials harder than diamonds, so they are very difficult to polish. We are the only group in the United States that polishes diamonds for scientific purposes."
Through this project, the scientists have access to samples from across the Siberian craton that will enable them to reconstruct the complete life of the craton's early formation, which eventually led to the consolidation of the Asian continent.
The three-year collaboration between UT and the Russian Academy of Sciences was established with a formal agreement for an exchange of scholars. The agreement was signed by Taylor and academician Nikolai Pokhilenko in Novosibirsk,, this August.
Provided by University of Tennessee, Knoxville
"Geologists explore clues to Earth's formation in diamonds" November 8, 2011 _URL_


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Northern Beaches Flood Information Network
A number of rainfall and water level gauges are located across the northern beaches. These provide information on actual rainfall and water levels in the area and will provide an indication if flooding is likely.
Keep an eye out for the following rainfall that will cause localised flooding and start to flood some roads:
- 70mm in 3 hours (approx 20mm / hour) or
- 150mm in 24 hours


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the Japanese lands. For the town in South Sudan, see Ezo, South Sudan. For the heavy metal band, see Ezo (band).
Ezo (蝦夷?, also spelled Yezo or Yeso)[1] is a Japanese name which historically referred to the lands to the north of Japan. It was used in various senses, sometimes meaning the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido,[2] and sometimes meaning lands and waters further north in the Sea of Okhotsk, like Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. The word Ezo could also refer to the peoples that the Japanese encountered in these lands, referred to in modern times as the Ainu people.
The spelling Ezo reflects the pronunciation in Modern Standard Japanese. The spelling Yezo reflects its pronunciation circa 1600 AD, when Europeans first came in contact with Japan. It is this historical spelling that is reflected in the scientific Latin term yezoensis, as in Fragaria yezoensis and Porphyra yezoensis.
The first published description of Ezo in the West was brought to Europe by Isaac Titsingh in 1796. His small library of Japanese books included Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu (三国通覧図説 An Illustrated Description of Three Countries?) by Hayashi Shihei.[3] This book, which was published in Japan in 1785, described the Ezo region and people.[4]
In 1832, the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland supported the posthumous abridged publication of Titsingh's French translation of Sankoku Tsūran Zusetsu.[5] Julius Klaproth was the editor, completing the task which was left incomplete by the death of the book's initial editor, Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]


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Identity Manager allows you to synchronize data between connected systems. Entitlements allow you to set up criteria for a person or group that, once met, initiate an event to grant or revoke access to business resources within the connected system. This gives you one more level of control and automation for granting and revoking resources.
There are two aspects to making entitlements work: creating the entitlement and managing the entitlement. You create entitlements through iManager or through Designer. To create an entitlement through iManager, select the Section 6.4, Writing Entitlements in XML through iManager.Option under the Identity Manager Utilities heading in iManager. For more information, see
You can also use Designer to create entitlements and deploy them into existing Identity Manager drivers. Designer allows you to create entitlements through the Entitlement Wizard, which gives you a graphical interface through which to create the entitlement, and steps you through the process. In iManager, you create entitlements through a simple interface, but you add additional properties through an XML editor. Because it has a graphical interface, we recommend using Designer for creating and editing entitlements.
After you create entitlements (or use entitlements that come already configured with certain Identity Manager drivers), you need to manage them. Entitlements are managed by two packages or agents: through iManager as Role-Based Entitlement Policies or through the User Application in workflow-based provisioning. For entitlements used in workflow-based provisioning, see Section 6.5, Managing Role-Based Entitlements Overview.
Role-Based Entitlement policies allow you to grant business resources if the criteria are met. For example, if a user meets criteria 1, 2, and 3, then through a Role-Based Entitlement policy, the user becomes a member of Group H; but if the user meets 4 and 5, he or she becomes a member of Group I. In order for this entitlement to work through workflow-based provisioning, approval is first required.


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Summary of Tim Stonor's talk at the World Cities Summit, Singapore, 3rd June 2014
From cities of movement to places of transaction – a new mobility focus for city leaders, planners and everyday users
Key responsibilities for cities
1. Imagining the future of cities and mobility.
2. Designing integrated, people-focused planning to sustain cities.
3. Measuring the social, economic and environmental value created by the movement, interaction and transaction of people.
The fundamental purpose of cities
Cities are for transaction: economic and social transaction. People come to cities to trade. It is why we have cities – they are intensifications of opportunities to trade. The public realm of the city – its network of streets and spaces – is where much of this trade occurs: a "transaction machine" which, like any machine, is more or less efficient depending on how it is engineered. Continue reading From cities of movement to places of transaction


The beauty and value of impact analysis
Hadas Birin
October 2020
SFDC Config
In the last few months, I have been meeting SFDC admins on a daily basis. Powering through what is now known as "Zoom fatigue", I wanted to get a deeper understanding into these admins' scope of responsibilities, their approaches and methods, their daily tasks and the challenges they're facing.
When we moved to talk about their challenges, a couple of common threads appeared through most conversations. Troubleshooting is a serious issue - admins are struggling to understand how specific custom fields got their values for specific records. Designing a change also proved to be a pain, as admins admit that they cannot properly asses the impact of such change on other items in the configuration setup.
To address those issues, we need to first map a few items such as automation-like flows, process builders, Apex classes and workflows, that automatically change the value of fields. Mapping those will help us identify which of these automations may have triggered for a given record, and that will help us solve the mystery behind a specific incident. It would also help us to understand the actual impact, and to identify other design considerations that need to be taken into account when safely implementing a change.
Adding Salto's Sauce
This is where Salto comes in. Salto's language (NaCl) describes the various objects and elements in a business application, as well as the dependencies and connections (or references) between them. When Salto discovers the current configuration and fetches it, it leverages NaCl to create a complete representation of the current state of your Production or Sandbox environments. This automated discovery can be run at any point in time and, using NaCl, reflect the current state of your desired environment.
Once you fetch the latest state of your environment, all you have to do is find the field you want to explore. Here is how it looks:
Search files and elements in your business onfiguration | Salto
In case you have fields with the same name across multiple objects, for example - Opportunity and Account or Lead and Contact - you can choose the specific field that you want to focus on. Then, all you have to do is right click that field and choose "Go To References".
Explore file definitions and references | Salto
Salto will automatically list all of the elements in your environment that point to your selected custom field.
This list of elements will include flows, validation rules, Apex classes, process builders, workflows and even layouts, profiles, and permission sets - all of the actual dependencies related to this custom field. You can click on each of those elements to get a preview, which is the reference to the custom field along with relevant context. For example, if a layout points to this field you will be able to quickly tell whether the field is editable or not within that layout.
To further explore a given reference, you can simply open the NaCl file for it and take a closer look, or edit it when needed. And it doesn't stop at that. There are many other things that we built in order to make your life easier. For example, the ability to search a specific value in your workspace such as a picklist value or a special label, with a simple text search.
More on those in future posts.
To summarize, Salesforce admins are struggling to quickly troubleshoot how values are being set and to fully evaluate the impact of a desired change. The key to solving these pains is to enable them to quickly and clearly understand the context around changes and the dependencies between elements. Salto enables admins to do just that, through a simple, streamlines process.
The beauty and value of impact analysis
Hadas is Salto's VP of Customer Success. With vast technical expertise, she has great experience in enabling business operations, IT and software development teams to get the most out of their tools and solutions and enhance their effectiveness and productivity.