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Mike Kaspar web site
Fort Craig was one of the largest forts constructed in the west, and was critical to both the Indian Campains and the
Civil War.Established in 1854, the primary function of the fort was to control Apache and Navajo raiding, and to protect the
central portion of the Camino Real, a trail which stretched from northern Mexico to San Juan Pueblo, 30 miles north of Santa
At the outbreak of the Civil War, Fort Craig remained a Union Army Post, manned by regular army troops.In 1862, after
capuring several military installations in southern New Mexico, Confederate troops under the command of General Henery Hopkins
Sibley marched up the Rio Grande to Fort Craig.The battle for Fort Craig happend on Febuary 21,1862, Sibley's troops fought Union Troops led by Colonel R.S.
Canby.The battle of Valverde took place upstream from Fort Craig at Valverde Crossing.General Sibley had won
a Confederate victory, although Union troops succeeded in holding the Fort and detroying half of the confederate supply wagons.What
remained of the Confederate supplies were lost at the battle of Glorieta, east of Santa Fe on March 28,1862, forcing the Confederates
to retreat back to Texas.


text: It is the mission of Grizzly Robotics to foster self-confidence, critical thinking, communication, and leadership skills in our members by engaging them in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) based activities. Students are introduced to engineering and business concepts through management, design, and construction of robots that compete in the FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC). Our goal is to impact our community and culture by inspiring students to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. Team 66 started the Ypsilanti STEMM Middle College in 2013, based on FIRST's Principles, where all students are deeply engaged in engineering design processes. Serving an at-risk, urban population, Grizzly Robotics impact on the students and community has been immeasurable. We are truly changing the world, one life at a time.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Open Bioinformatics Journal
We investigate why biologists fail to contribute to biological databases although almost all of them use these databases for research. We find, using evolutionary game theory and computer simulations, that (a) the initial distribution of contributors who are patient determines whether a culture of contribution will prevail or not (b) institutions (where institution means "a significant practice, relationship, or organization in a society or culture") that incentivize patience and therefore limit free riding make contribution more likely and, (c) a stable institution, whether it incentivizes patience or not, will increase contribution. As a result we suggest there is a trade-off between the benefits of changing institutions to incentivize patience and the costs of the change itself. Moreover, even if it is possible to create institutions that incentivize patience among scientists such institutions may nevertheless fail. We create a computer simulation of a population of biologists based on our theory. These simulations suggest that institutions should focus more on rewards rather than penalties to incentivize a culture of contribution. Our approach therefore provides a methodology for developing a practical blueprint for organizing scientists to encourage cooperation and maximizing scientific output.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Basuchuodhary, A., Simoyan, V., Mazumder, R. (2013). Community annotation and the evolution of cooperation: How patience matters. Open Bioinformatics Journal, 7, 9-18.


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DO YOU KEEP A FOOD DIARY?
Many people with diabetes go through periods when eating right seems to go off the rails and so can it can be hard to figure out why. Maintaining a food diary helps you to track your food as well as exercise. It inculcates a sense of discipline and makes diabetes management fun. Try out a food diary today and share how it made a difference!
This is how a food diary template looks!
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Many window frames are made of wood. The most common problem with window frames is sticking caused by:
- Broken sash cords
New paint is a major cause of windows sticking. Sticking of freshly painted windows can be prevented by leaving the window slightly open while painting. As soon as the paint dries, slide the window up and down. Do not wait too long because paint hardens as it ages.
If the window has been painted shut for a while, it will be difficult to open. Use a putty knife to cut through the paint seal. Never pry the window open with a chisel or pry bar.
Even if you use a piece of wood to protect the sill, the window sash will be dented.
Windows that are badly stuck may have to be removed from the frame. The sliding part of the window (sash) is held in place by two strips of wood called stops. Carefully pry up the stops. Remember, you want to use these stops again. A little patience saves buying, cutting, fitting, and painting a new piece of wood. Don't drive the nails back out through the stop after the stop is off. Use pliers and pull the nails out through the back side of the stop. This will leave a neat little hole.
With the sash out, you may sand or scrape off the excess paint. When the weather is dry, cover any bare wood with a thin coat of paint or fast-drying sealer.
Paint protects wood frames. If moisture soaks the frame, the wood will swell. Never plane a frame that is swollen. Otherwise, when the wood dries, it will be too loose and will rattle in the wind. Instead, rub paraffin, soap, or a stick lubricant on the frame. Warped frames should be planed or sanded. If the wood is warped too much, it must be replaced.
If a sash cord breaks or the weight comes loose, the window will hang crooked, and the window won't stay up. To fix the cord, pry off the stops. Find the sash weight door and
Usually it is held in place by one or two screws. Reach inside and take out the weight. If the sash cord is still good, the weight probably came untied. Retie it and put everything back together.
If you need a new sash cord, make sure it's the same thickness as the old one or it won't run through the pulley. Feed the new cord through and tie one end to the sash and the other end to the weight. The sash cord will stretch, so leave some room under the weight so it won't hit bottom later and keep the window from opening all the way. Move the window up and down to see if you've tied the weight too high or too low. When you're sure everything works, put it back together again.
When you put the stops back, ignore the old nail holes. Tap the nails in a new place, but, to avoid hammer dents, stop before you hit the frame. Finish driving the nails with a nail set. Cover the nail heads and fill in the old holes with wood putty: After several days, when the putty is dry, touch up with paint.
As a building ages, it settles..Structural settling is another cause for windows jamming. If the windows are being twisted out of line, the entire frame must be removed and reset in the wall.
Wood frame windows are often replaced by aluminum ones. Other new frames are vinyl (plastic) over a wood core.
Casement windows open with a crank that needs a yearly greasing. Because these cranks rust, you will have to keep them clean and painted. Casement windows are usually easier to care for.than wooden frame windows.
Most older houses have wooden window frames. However, most new homes have plastic or aluminum frames.
Remove the window only as a last resort. Carefully remove the stops, then pull the nails out through the back of the stop with pliers.
Painting across the moving parts of a window is a major cause of sticking. Running a putty knife between the stop and the sash will help free the window.
Lubricate all moving surfaces on the window and frame with a hard piece of soap or paraffin to help them slide better.
To repair a sash cord, remove the door in the window frame, reach in, and take out the sash weight.
Tie a knot in one end of the sash cord and fit it into the sash groove. Tie a nail to the other end for weight and feed the cord over the pulley. Raise the window and reach into the opening. Pull out the new cord. Tie it to the sash weight.
Clean casement window cranks at least once a year. Grease the track and oil the crank handle and window hinges.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Legislature should be disciplined on tax breaks: Agenda 2013 (Address Oregon's tax structure)
The Oregonian Editorial Board By The Oregonian Editorial Board The Oregonian
Email the author | Follow on Twitter
on February 05, 2013 at 5:12 PM, updated February 05, 2013 at 9:21 PM
vicki berger.JPG View full size Rep. Vicki Berger, R.-Salem.
The 2013 Oregon Legislature convened this week intent on looking under every rock in search of money to fund schools and other public services. The most tempting rocks in the legislative quarry are the ones labeled tax exemption.
Exposing tax exemptions to the light of public debate is a good exercise. As recent experience with tax credits shows, closely examining tax breaks on a regular basis helps ensure that taxpayer money is directed where it can do the most good. And, if nothing else, winnowing exemptions could help simplify the state's tax system.
Agenda 2013
Address Oregon's tax structure
Grow jobs and income
Improve educational funding and function
Build the bridge
Protect and expand personal freedom
Read more about the editorial board's priorities for Oregon.
But don't expect the Legislature to find buried treasure. Compared with proposed reforms to the Public Employees Retirement System, potential savings from scaling back tax exemptions are small. For example, the elderly medical deduction -- a possible target -- has a two-year budget impact of only $187 million.
Tax breaks come in different forms. Tax exemptions or deductions (home mortgage interest, for example) reduce the amount of income that is taxed. Tax credits (such as for child and dependent care) directly reduce the tax paid.
The Legislature already has a process for reviewing tax credits. Most of the state's tax credits sunset on a rolling basis every six years, effectively forcing review and debate before they can be renewed. The approach, the product of a bill passed in 2009, has earned praise, and some in both parties would like to see it extended to tax exemptions.
A required regular review of tax exemptions, whether through sunsets or another method, would be a positive step. It would increase transparency and promote accountability to ensure that tax measures accomplish their intended purpose without unintended consequences. But, the Legislature also should take an immediate look at tax exemptions using these guidelines:
Changes should be consistent with the state's goals. For example, some have pointed to deductions for contributions to the Oregon 529 college savings plan as a tax break that disproportionately benefits upper-income taxpayers. But given decreased state funding of universities and increased tuition payments facing students, it would be counterproductive to eliminate a tax break that makes college more affordable.
In total, adjustments to the tax code should make filing state tax returns simpler
for Oregonians. Rep. Vicki Berger, R-Salem, vice-chair of the House Revenue Committee, says she is reluctant to make changes that separate Oregon from the federal tax code because it adds complexity. She's right. It's better to focus on exemptions unique to Oregon.
Changes should promote, not hinder, economic growth.
The home mortgage interest deduction is the elephant of tax exemptions. But scaling it back -- few would propose eliminating it -- with the housing market still in recovery would be foolhardy.
Eliminating or adjusting a tax break should save enough money to make a difference.
All exemptions should become subject to periodic review, but the immediate emphasis should be on those that could produce savings to be used on priority programs in the next biennium.
It's also important that legislators not oversell what can be accomplished through reducing tax exemptions. A rigorous review should produce savings but not enough to single-handedly shore up schools or improve mental health care.
"People want a magic bullet that's going to solve the problem," Berger said. "There isn't one."
Meanwhile, meaningful long-term benefits can best be realized through comprehensive tax reform. At best, scaling back tax exemptions is a small down payment on that important task.


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Maple Leaf pre-schools focus on developing an active and healthy learning environment that sets the stage for an inquisitiveness and delight in the process of learning.
MLES delivers an advanced Chinese and English pre-school education program that ensures 'whole child' development, while at the same time cultivating in each child a high degree of bilingual proficiency. Maple Leaf pre-schools blend elements of traditional Chinese culture with western cultural awareness and language development. Our pre-schools are well known for their attention to early childhood nutrition and the development of healthy personal habits. Maple Leaf pre-school students are embarking on the path to success.


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This site was formally the site of the Association of Formulation Chemists. The site hosted details of an international symposium on formulation chemistry that occurred in Las Vegas 1997.
Formulation chemists, or formulators, are responsible for providing chemicals that have a commercial use. The ability of chemists to formulate raw materials and chemicals into products such as medicines, cosmetics and agricultural chemicals is very valuable.
December 21, 2010 | Speed readingComments Off
You wish you were smart and capable of speed reading, right? Not a problem, there are just few techniques that you need to master in order to reap the remuneration of speed reading. In the very first stage, you must be aware of your reading speed. This will help you to know where you stand and the amount of practice that you should put in to move to the next higher level. Apart from reading with speed, you must also be able to comprehend the meaning of the passages that you are reading. Here we shall discuss about the reimbursement of speed reading that will keep you motivated throughout the learning process.
- Speed reading saves considerable amount of your time
- The vigor of the reader also does not go into waste
- As you can save your energy and time, you are capable of reading twice as much. Your mental horizon and knowledge increases this way. You are able to develop a strong foothold on the various topics and current affairs as well. This certainly helps those who are working as researchers.
- You can gain considerable amount of success in life as you continue the practice of speed reading.
If you think that these are some benefits that are worth considering, make sure that you are striving hard to attain that level of perfection. Rating your present speed is very important and for this you can log into the individual websites that offer tests to rate your speed. This is one of the best ways to develop insight about the kind of speed you have and the scopes of improvements that you have.
People with good speed reading qualities can read about 1000 words in a minute. They also have good comprehensible qualities and are capable of grasping about 85% of what they read. However, this category is constituted by only 1% of the total readers. Most of the readers are not capable of reading more than 200 words in a minute and can comprehend only 60% of the matter.
There are different ways you can make progress in your reading speeds. Attending speed reading seminars and getting in touch with the experts can help you to sharpen your reading skills. Little bit of commitment and patience is required for reaching the position you dream of. There are different online speed-reading programs that can be extremely helpful in this case. You can learn your lessons much better reading online rather than flipping through the pages of books every time you practice speed reading.
With so many pet owners within the UK there is a large market for looking after peoples pets whilst they are away on holiday. There are of course many different methods how this can happen. The cheapest is probably to buy a self-feeding device that allows cats to eat a meal at given intervals that have been set by the owner. This method is only really acceptable for cats that can still get outside through a cat flap. Although a great method and highly convenient this should only be used for a short period of time such as 24hours.
Another cheap method is to ask a friend or neighbour to give regular visits or even better to look after the pet at their house. One of the main drawbacks of this method is the possibility of lost cats and dogs. Without exception lost pets is an occurrence that no one wishes to tell their friend or neighbour about when they return from their holiday. A more expensive method is a cattery or kennels. Although more costly the pressure and responsibility of friends and family is far less intrusive.
Chemistry is a physical science that is concerned with the properties and characteristics of physical matter and the changes and processes that happen when different substances are mixed. Chemistry is often called the "central science" because it links the other natural sciences together.
The focus of chemistry is to study and understand the interactions that take place between chemical substances which are called chemical reactions. These reactions can occur at the atomic level and the resultant changes in matter and energy are what chemical scientists are keen to document and understand.
Modern chemistry is the natural progression of a much older practice of alchemy. Alchemy had much more of a philosophical and spiritual outlook, although practitioners were fascinated by the various transformations of substances when they were mixed in the correct way. The most famous of these pursuits was the quest to turn base metals into gold.
The study of chemistry requires an understanding of the fundamental building blocks of matter, and how these combine to form substances. The basic unit of all chemistry is the atom that consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons with a number of electrons. Atoms can be grouped as elements, according to the number of the protons they contain.
A molecule is a collection of atoms that are held together by bonds and is the smallest indivisible portion of any substance (apart from an atom) that contains the exact chemical specification of that substance.
Each element has its own unique physical configuration, although certain elements that have similar characteristics to each other will often behave in a similar manner. This was observed by a Russian chemist called Dmitri Mendeleev who came up with a way to classify and organise these elements. This method is known as the periodic table.
Chemistry has helped to define many of the chemical reactions that take place in the natural world and has greatly furthered our understanding of the world around us. In the modern world chemistry is a fundamental process in our daily lives.


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Definitions for underconsumption
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word underconsumption
Insufficient consumption (for financial stability)
consumption of less than is produced; consumption of less than the usual amount
In underconsumption theory in economics, recessions and stagnation arise due to inadequate consumer demand relative to the amount produced. The theory formed the basis for the development of Keynesian economics and the theory of aggregate demand after the 1930s. Underconsumption theory narrowly refers to heterodox economists in Britain in the 19th century, particularly 1815 onwards, who advanced the theory of underconsumption and rejected classical economics in the form of Ricardian economics. These economists did not form a unified school, and their theories were rejected by mainstream economics of the time. Underconsumption is an old concept in economics, going back to the 1598 French mercantilist text Les Trésors et richesses pour mettre l'Estat en Splendeur by Barthélemy de Laffemas, if not earlier. The concept of underconsumption had been used repeatedly as part of the criticism of Say's Law until underconsumption theory was largely replaced by Keynesian economics which points to a more complete explanation of the failure of aggregate demand to attain potential output, i.e., the level of production corresponding to full employment.
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curriculum requirement for Experiential Learning.
360 Senior Capstone Research. (2-4)
Capstone library research (2) or laboratory research (2-4) done under the supervision of a faculty advisor. Required for all chemistry majors except those completing HONR 398 (Honors Senior Research) which fulfills the research and capstone requirement. Students also attend regular class meetings focusing on their research progress, literature review, and preparation of a final paper and oral presentation given at the end of their senior year. Although students may register for the course in the Fall and/or Spring semesters of their senior year, the must select an advisor and sign a research contract in the beginning of their senior year. A grade is given after the final presentation and paper.
371 Individual Learning Project. (1-4)
Supervised reading or research at the upper-division level. Permission of department chair and completion and/or concurrent registration of 12 credits within the department required. Consult department for applicability towards major requirements. Not available to first-year students.
398 Honors Senior Essay, Research or Creative Project. (4)
Required for graduation with "Distinction in Chemistry." Prerequisite: HONR 396 and approval of the department chair and director of the Honors Thesis program. For further information see HONR 398.
XXX Chemistry Comprehensive Exam. (0)
Required for graduation with a chemistry or biochemistry major. Spring.


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The Chateauesque is based on the monumental 16th century chateaus of France. The style combines Gothic elements with the 16th century's fashionable move to Renaissance detailing. In the United States, the style was popularized by Richard Morris Hunt, the first American architect to study at France's prestigious École des Beaux-Arts. Due to the Chateauesque style's requirement of massive masonry construction and elaborate detailing, the style was unsuitable for vernacular adaptation and remained a rare and architect-designed fashion.
Identifying features include a steeply pitched hipped roof, a busy roof line with intricate and multiple vertical elements, such as spires, pinnacles, turrets, gables and shaped chimneys, multiple dormers extending beyond the cornice line and walls of stone masonry. Turrets and towers typically have steep candle-snuffer roofs, whereas dormer roofs are usually steep, parapeted gables. Ornamental metal cresting is sometimes observed along roof ridges and above the cornice. Windows, doors and façade elements are often decorated with shallow relief carving or Gothic tracing. Windows are typically divided into narrow vertical panels by stone mullions with smaller transoms above. Windows and doorways are typically arched in a characteristic Gothic basket shape.


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13 May 2011
A built-in web server makes set-up extremely easy since no separate software is needed and the camera can be accessed using any popular web browser. A powerful suite of built-in measurement tools turns live 3D profiles into realtime measurements with pass/fail decisions and real-time profile data can be viewed on any computer using any operating system. A simple point and click GUI allows single or multiple measurement tools to be selected according to the application requirements. For added flexibility, scripting in 'C' is possible to allow tailored calculations.
LMI Gocator is a true stand-alone system, with no additional controllers required. It can be accessed via industry standard Ethernet and simple cabling is provided for inputs, outputs, and power. Versatile I/O capabilities allow the camera trigger to be chosen from time, encoder, external input, or software, while data and decisions can be transmitted a via RS-485 serial output channel or measurement decisions can be output digitally to external devices or measurement values and decisions can be converted to analogue output signals.
Calibration is extremely straightforward since the integral laser and camera are precision factory aligned to provide consistent, reliable measurements in real-world coordinates, even in applications where temperature variation normally would introduce measurement errors. The field of view ranges from 14 mm to 1260 mm depending on the Gocator model selected. Advanced features include dynamic exposure modes to deal with surfaces with a high variation of surface reflectivity where the camera combines multiple exposures to deliver an accurate profile every time.
The LMI Gocator can seamlessly link to a second camera to provide a host of measurement possibilities. Profile data from both cameras are combined using a single GUI to measure, make decisions, and show results as if they came from a single sensor.


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With Isaac poised to make landfall in the same areas of the Gulf Coast struck by Hurricane Katrina seven years ago, the American Red Cross has a series of tips for families and individuals in the region that may experience anxiety about the storm and anniversary.
"The combination of the approaching storm and Katrina anniversary will likely cause increased fear and unease for residents in New Orleans and along coastal communities as people relive difficult emotions," said Rob Yin, manager of disaster mental health, American Red Cross. "It's important that people remember to take care of themselves and make appropriate disaster preparations to stay safe which can also help to reduce stress. Don't forget to reach out to others to offer or get help if you need it."
Across multiple states along the Gulf, the Red Cross has launched a large disaster response as Isaac affects millions of lives with strong winds, heavy rain, flooding and coastal surges. Last night, nearly 800 people found a safe haven in 52 shelters open in five states. In addition, the Red Cross has mobilized 2,400 disaster workers, prepositioned 290,000 ready-to-eat meals and activated 187 emergency response vehicles from across the country to help. The Red Cross is also coordinating with multiple partners including a variety of civic groups, advocacy organizations, professional organizations and houses of worship to share their expertise and volunteers.
The Red Cross recommends that people be mindful that community members and disaster workers could experience anniversary reactions now or in the near future. Reactions can range from a mild upset for a day or two, to a stronger version with anxiety or depression. Most people will feel better within a week or two after the anniversary date as stress responses usually become less frequent and less severe over time.
Anniversary reactions could include:
- Experiencing similar feelings and thoughts that occurred during the event like sadness, fearfulness or uncertainty;
- Feeling the need to avoid events, places or people that are connected to the anniversary;
- Feeling nervous, on edge, jumpy or quick to anger;
- Difficulty sleeping, focusing or concentrating;
- Experiencing fatigue, pain, headaches or stomachaches; and
The following actions can help families and individuals cope with anniversary stress reactions:
- Stay informed and be prepared. If in the potential path of an approaching storm, pay attention to information and warnings from local authorities.
- Eat healthy. During times of stress it is important to maintain a balanced diet and drink plenty of water;
- Get some rest. Giving your mind and body a break can help you cope with stress;
- Stay connected with family and friends. Giving and receiving support is one of the most important things you can do;
- Be patient with yourself and those around you. Recognize that people may need time to put their feelings and thoughts in order;
- Stay positive. Remind yourself how you've successfully coped with stress in the past. Reach out when you need support, and help others when they need it.
- Reach out to a Red Cross Disaster Mental Health or community mental health professional for support, if the actions above don't help or to get more support. You can also contact the 24 hour National Disaster Distress Hotline at _PHONE_.
Isaac is predicted to trigger a large and prolonged disaster response with major flooding across several states. You can help the victims of Tropical Storm Isaac and other disaster events in Louisiana by making a financial gift to American Red Cross. Your gift enables the Red Cross to prepare for and provide shelter, food, emotional support and other assistance in response to disasters. People can call, click or text to donate by visiting _URL_, calling 1-800-RED CROSS (_PHONE_) or texting REDCROSS to 90999 to make a $10 donation.


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Interest continues to grow in our industry for the flexibility and ease-of-use that comes with history-free direct modeling. Unfortunately there is still much confusion out there about just what direct modeling is and what value it adds to the process of product development. One of the many high value opportunities that come with direct modeling is in "large assembly design and management". Direct modeling technology can offer some unique advantages over traditional history-based modeling that can greatly improve design, interaction and management of large assemblies.
Based on the technology behind direct modeling, large assembly design and management can be fast and easy. As direct modeling does not record the modeling steps used to create the model, memory requirements and file sizes can be considerably smaller than with traditional parametric history-based modeling. With PTC CoCreate Modeling, for example, I have found file sizes to be 60% to 80% smaller than the same model created in most any traditional history-based system. This would indicate that these parts and assemblies will also consume much less memory when loaded.
In a traditional history-based CAD system, an assembly is basically a collection of references and relationships to other individual history trees. These history trees represent individual parts and sub-assemblies The history trees can be large and complex. The assembly references and relationships between these trees can be even more complex. With direct modeling an assembly is simply a collection of solid models that are organized in a hierarchical structure. There is no history tree. There are no hidden references or relationships. What you see is what you get. It's as simple as that.
I've been doing some large assembly testing with several different CAD systems. It has been startling to witness how poor many of the most popular CAD tools perform with large assemblies, even with "dumb solids". The assembly that I am using in this example is made up of 29,455 part and assembly objects. The STEP file of the entire assembly comes out at just over 302mb. The native CoCreate package file of the entire assembly comes in right at 100mb. This is not a large assembly compared to many of the assemblies I have witnessed CoCreate users working with. Most CoCreate users would consider a large assembly to be somewhere around 100,000 to 250,000 parts. (By the way, the native geometry resolution/accuracy of a model developed in CoCreate Modeling is 1.0E-6 mm by default – about 2500 times higher accuracy than any other CAD system on the market, and yet it is still possible to manage these large assemblies.)
Below is a picture of the assembly I have been working with. It comes from a company in Europe. This is a coagulator used in the cheese making process. CoCreate Modeling was used from beginning to end to support the design process.
For the video below I loaded this assembly in its entirety. All parts are loaded as high accuracy solid models. None of the parts were loaded as lightweight, graphics only or in some suppressed mode. Based on the privileges controlled by the PDM system, every part and/or assembly can be quickly and easily modified. As you will see, in-context design is simple and fast, even in the context of 30,000 other parts.


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What is Terroir and What's it Doing in My Tea?
Ever wonder why the same type of tea from different areas of the same country have totally different cup characteristics? Wonder why the same type of teas from different countries differ radically in appearance? The simple answer is the tea's terroir. (Sounds like "tare WAHr".) However, the concept of terroir is a little more complicated. In fact, there are entire books dedicated to just this one subject matter alone!
If you are a wine lover, you have most likely come across this term. French winemakers originally developed the concept of terroir, which became the basis for the French wine appellation d'origine controlee (AOC) system. This is the model for wine appellation and regulation in France, which then spread around the world.
Today, terroir is used in many food and beverage artisanal industries and each has varying definitions of how they define the term _TAG_. Even wine experts cannot completely agree on its definition.
Tea terroir refers to climate, soil, altitude, and latitude.
Luckily, the majority of tea professionals can agree that terroir refers to climate, soil, altitude, and latitude. Other factors that have an effect on terroir, to a lesser degree, include cultivation method, plant material (varietal or cultivar), growing season, type of plucking, and historical practices.
Climate is critical to the development of flavor, aroma, and survival of the plant. Tea grows best in tropical or subtropical regions, which provides the plant with the water, humidity, sunlight and temperature it needs. Tea plants do not typically thrive in environments that are too hot or too cold. However, climates that are too constant will develop simple cup characteristics. The tea plant requires some climate stress so that its internal defenses kick in, called secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites help develop complex and unique flavors and aromas. Darjeeling Tea is a great example of tea with complexities due to climate stress.
Soil quality is important to ensure that the plant gets the nutrients it needs to grow and thrive. Though we often refer to the tea plant as a bush, when left to grow in the wild, it can grow more like a tree - to over 30 feet tall. The root system of a cultivated tea bush is about six feet deep, so it needs soil that is loose without limestone or clay. The tea bush does well in many different soil types, as long as the soil is acidic with a pH between 4.5 to 5.5. This allows for those nutrients to be absorbed more easily. The soil must have good moisture but not retain too much water or the plant will drown. This is why we often see tea estates or gardens planted on hillsides. Minerals are also critical to the tea's internal functions, making a big impact on the tea taste. Yunnan teas are prized for their mineral cup character, which is due to the soil's high mineral content.
Altitude plays a key role in the development of essential oils, which are responsible for a tea's aromatics. High altitude stress on the plant kicks in those secondary metabolites and encourages development of exquisite aromas. At this altitude, the tea growth is slowed and the essential oils are allowed to concentrate. Stressors such as UV radiation from the sun, warm days, cold nights, mist, and lack of oxygen, all play roles in the development of these aromatics. Taiwanese Oolongs that are grown above 5,000 feet are a perfect example.
Latitude is one of the factors that denotes the number of flushes the tea plant will have for harvesting. At latitudes closer to the equator, tea can be harvested all year long. Sri Lanka, for example, at a latitude of eight degrees north, produces a new flush about every 80 days. However, travel north or south more than fifteen degrees and the tea can go dormant over the winter months. During this time, when nights are longer and temperatures are cooler, the tea becomes stressed. The first flush harvested after this dormant cycle, produces some of the most expensive teas.
Other factors that have an impact are due to human interaction with the processing of the plant material. Cultivation methods having an impact on the tea include:
· Japanese steamed green teas versus Chinese pan-fired green teas
· Orthodox processing versus CTC processing
· Machine plucking versus hand plucking
· Withering method
· The entire oolong processing method
· Plucking standard
· Firing method
Consider the terroir of your favorite teas as you sip - smell the aroma and taste the flavor.
Understanding the terroir of your favorite tea gives you insight into the type of teas you enjoy, and makes it easier for you to seek new teas to try with a better rate of success.
Consider the terroir of your favorite teas as you sip - smell the aroma and taste the flavor. Remember, tea is an agricultural product and sometimes variations from crop-to-crop cannot be helped. Certain characteristics that are prominent one year, maybe more reserved in other years. Your favorite tea companies use educated tea tasters with decades of experience, seeking consistency in their teas.
After a specific _TAG_ profile or flavor blend for your business? The _TAG_ at Hula Consulting can help with your flavor matching and ingredient sourcing. Email to _EMAIL_ or call _PHONE_ today to get started.


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Rake, a popular Ruby DSL
Rake, like make or ant, is a DSL for defining tasks.
Tasks definitions above are written using Rake DSL. In particular, they define two dependent tasks. They state that the :world task is dependent from the :hello task. In other words, when the :world task is executed, the :hello task will be executed first. This will result in the string "Hello World!" printed on the console. The neat fact about the code above is that it is perfectly legal ruby code. In particular,
- task is a ruby method that accepts an hash argument
- :hello and :world are ruby symbols
- :hello => :world is a ruby hash
- the do... end part is a ruby block
Makengo: an internal DSL in Go
When I approached to Go the first time I was intrigued by what is stated in its homepage:
"It feels like a dynamic language but has the speed and safety of a static language. It's a joy to use."
Belonging from years of experience with dynamic languages such as ruby and enjoying its capability to build DSL, I was curious to see how much the compiled and strongly typed nature of Go can be bended in this sense. So, I started writing a small experimental project named makengo.
Using makengo DSL, the previous tasks definitions become:
How does it look compared to the ruby version? First of all, the Go version takes 117 chars against the 75 chars of the Ruby version. So, it's ~56% more verbose. In particular
- There are too many parentheses
- String names are longer than symbol names (:hello vs "hello", :world vs "world")
- The block syntax is burdened by the func keyword
- In order to express the dependency we need the long named DependsOn function rather than the concise key => value hash syntax
Go DSL capabilities
The retrospection on Makengo raises the main question of this post: is Go suitable for building internal DSLs? Let's try answering, exploring Go's DSL capability in more detail.
Go has many features that help building DSL. The first thing that comes to mind are anonymous functions that act as closures. In makengo, I use anonymous an function to define what a task does.
Also, anonymous functions can take arguments in order to push values in the block. For example:
Compared with C, this a great step towards expressivity. However, compared with Ruby, Go's anonymous functions syntax appears to be a lot more verbose. This is due to the necessity of a func keyword and to the use of many parentheses. Also, considering that since Go is a strongly typed language, anonymous function arguments need their own type declaration.
In Go, types can receive methods. In Makengo, this fact is exploited to express dependencies among tasks. Actually, the Task function returns a task object and task object can receive the DependsOn method allowing for method chaining:
Dynamic reception and metaprogramming
Go lacks of a ruby-like method_missing method. In ruby, when an unknown method is sent to an object the object responds executing method_missing. This language feature is known as Dynamic Reception. Dynamic Reception, combined with the metaprogramming magic of ruby, allows for very readable DSL (taken from Machinist):
Regarding metaprogramming, Go has an interesting reflect package that allows the manipulation of objects with arbitrary types. This comes in handy, for example, in variadic functions (see below).
In Ruby, a literal map could be passed as argument to a function allowing for more expressive function calls inside the DSL:
Moreover, Ruby allows you omit the delimiters for a literal map. So you can shorten it to:
In Go, a literal map looks like this:
but there is no way to shorten it.
Literal lists and varargs
Like maps, literal lists in Go have not optional delimiters so it's not convenient to use them as function arguments inside DSL. BTW, Go has good support for varargs that combined with types reflection, types assertion and interfaces, are good substitutes for literal lists. For example, in Makengo I can define tasks that depend on more than a single task passing multiple arguments to DependsOn:
A comparison table
Let's try summarize in a table what we discussed until this point.
|Optional delimiters in maps||No||Yes|
|Optional delimiters in lists||No but you can use varargs||Yes|
|Short signature for blocks||No||Yes|
So what about the answer to the original question? Is Go suitable for building internal DSL? The answer of course is... it depends!
As a compiled language, Go can't compete with dynamic languages in building complex and general purpose DSL. However, it's enough flexible to build simple DSL. Moreover, as said at the beginning of this post, the mean of expressivity is relative to the problem domain. Go can be very expressive when dealing with problems that involve network and concurrency issues.
Another road to explore is the implementation of a light VM in Go exploiting some of its advantages against C: built-in concurrency and GC. On top of this VM could live a set of dynamic languages more suited to implement external DSLs. It seems that Eleanor McHugh is on the right track with her GoLightly VM.
Go DSL capability need more investigation, of course. But a fact is clear to me: I should not think at Go as a Panacea trying to force its nature: Go it's not a scripting language. I should rather taking advantage of its peculiarities in order to fully exploit all of its expressivity.


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20) Two recent cases, both dealing with the common hobby loss
from horse-related activities, illustrate the court's methods for assessing the taxpayer's QuickBooks records and how the use to which those records are put can produce opposite results.
If the activity is not engaged in for profit, it is subject to the hobby loss
rules in Sec.
Not surprisingly, the primary use of the hobby loss
Conversely, the hobby loss
rules act to prevent the expensing of what otherwise would be personal expenses disguised as "valid" business expenses, thereby causing significant losses of revenue to the Treasury.
The test instrument was based on the facts found in a 1988 Tax Court case (Kimbrough, 55 TCM 730) focusing on the hobby loss
Aggregating activities to avoid the hobby loss
Equinomics 101 instructs horse owners how to minimalize hobby loss
The Tax Court disallowed an IRS auditor's deductions for breeding greyhounds as a hobby loss
The court held that they were an integrated activity, given their organizational and economic interrelationships, and that the horse activity was therefore not a hobby loss
unearned income, hobby loss
rules, preferential rates for capital gains, and the antiquated and punitive $3,000a-year capital loss limitation.
Proper grouping may help a taxpayer avoid the application of the hobby loss
In one recent case, however, the Tax Court accepted that two seemingly dissimilar undertakings could be treated as a single activity for purposes of the section 183 hobby loss


text: Abstract The presented study concentrated on the oxidative enzymatic transformation of six imidazoacridinone derivatives exhibiting different antitumour activity. Horseradish peroxidase was applied as an enzymatic model system. The investigations aimed to evaluate: (1) whether the studied compounds can undergo oxidative biotransformation; (2) whether the susceptibility to such biotransformation relates to the structure and antitumour activity of these compounds; and (3) which elements of imidazoacridinone structure are involved in this kind of transformation. The reaction courses were followed by three methods: UV-VIS spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance and high-performance liquid chromatography. It was shown that all the imidazoacridinones studied underwent enzymatic oxidation resulting in the formation of several products, spectra of which revealed that imidazoacridinone chromophore as well as alkylamino side-chain were involved in these biotransformations. The susceptibility to enzymatic oxidation turned out to be well correlated with antitumour activity of these compounds. It was demonstrated that the highly active antitumour 8-hydroxy derivatives underwent oxidative transformation far more readily than the less active 8-methoxy derivatives and analogues without substituent in position 8. The results indicated that the oxidation pathway of 8-hydroxy compounds was different from those observed for the remaining imidazoacridinones studied. It also differed from the pathway proposed earlier for mitoxantrone. Moreover, it was find out that not only the rate but also the mechanism of horseradish oxidation of 8-hydroxy derivatives depended on the reaction conditions. In the presence of excess of hydrogen peroxide, the drugs were exceptionally reactive giving rise to the mixture of many unstable products, among which compounds with both changed and unchanged chromophore structure were formed. However, the equimolar ratio of drug and hydrogen peroxide led to stable products, which resulted from the oxidation in aminoalkyl side-chain. The possible structures of products of imidazoacridinone enzymatic oxidation are discussed. In conclusion, the results presented in this paper indicate that the oxidative metabolic activation of imidazoacridinones may represent the crucial step in their biological action.


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Croatia has introduced a number of reforms to contain pharmaceutical expenditure whilst increasing access to new medicines. These include new regulations and new ordinances in 2013 including the pricing of new medicines and lowering the price of generics. Describe changes in the 2013 ordinance for new and established medicines in Croatia and the potential savings to provide future guidance. Methods: Descriptive review of the new ordinances for pricing and reimbursement of pharmaceuticals and calculations of potential savings from the various initiatives. There were changes in the ordinance for the pricing of new medicines in Croatia including the order of reference priced countries. There were also changes in the pricing of biosimilars as well as comparator levels with other countries. Projections show that with the new ordinance, ambulatory care expenditure for the 54 product groups (internal reference price system) will be reduced by 9.64% (318.4 million kunas) and prices of new medicines lowered by 8 to 10% following changes in the order of referenced price countries. This paper demonstrates that changes in the reference pricing system can lead to considerable differences in overall reimbursed expenditure. In addition, European countries with smaller populations can be active with introducing a variety of measures to keep pharmaceutical expenditure under control whilst increasing access to new medicines. Further reforms will be needed to improve the quality of prescribing. It is also likely further ordinances will be needed to keep pharmaceutical expenditure under control.
- reference pricing


It's easy to see what's happening in the dining room but it's hard to see what's going on in the kitchen. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 in every 6 Americans gets sick from food contamination each year. Consumers usually lack the information to knowledgeably choose where to eat based on the risk of food contamination.
Boston restaurants are required by law to be inspected on an annual basis. However, food inspection data is typically available in rare and elusive online datasets. They are not like Yelp or Carfax; they are tedious.
Food Sherpa is a data visualization that seamlessly displays inspection results and grades for all Boston restaurants. These grades are presented in a report card format with an A through F scale. The quantity and severity of a restaurant's five-year inspection history are used to assign the grades. This visualization can be used by any Boston restaurant-goer, to assist in making more informed decisions about where to eat out. Food Sherpa fills an integral gap in the awareness of restaurant consumers.
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Template:Quitclaim Deed FAQ
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A Quitclaim Deed is used to transfer whatever interest or title a grantor may have in property, without providing a warranty as to full title in the property. Quitclaim Deeds are frequently used in transfers of property between people well-known to each other, such as family members or divorcing spouses.
Back to Quitclaim Deed
What is Title?
Title is the sum of all elements that provide the legal right to control and to dispose of property. It can also refer to a legal document, such as a deed, that serves as evidence of ownership in the property.
What is the difference between a quitclaim deed, and a warranty deed?
A quitclaim deed conveys only whatever interest the Grantor has in the property, without making warranties about rights that other people may have in the property. It is usually used when granting land between two people that are well acquainted, such as between divorcing spouses or family members. In contrast, a warranty deed conveys title to a grantee with a guarantee of good clear title to the property free from any interests held by other people. Warranty deeds are the traditional form of deed used in residential home sales between unrelated parties, as it provides a degree of protection to purchasers that the quitclaim deed does not offer.
What types of property ownership are there?
As a property or homeowner, your deed defines the form of ownership and how the title for the property changes upon the death of an owner. The most common types of ownership are: sole ownership; joint tenancy; right of survivorship; tenancy in common; and tenancy by the entirety.
What does the term "Fee Simple" mean?
Fee simple refers to the most extensive interest that a person can have in a parcel of land. The holder of a fee simple has complete ownership with unconditional powers of disposition during the owner's life, and upon death, the property descends to the owner's designated heirs.
What is sole ownership?
Sole ownership is exclusive ownership. An ownership so complete that no other person has any interest in the property.
What is joint tenancy?
Joint tenancy is an undivided interest in property, taken by two or more joint tenants. The interest must be equal, accruing under the same conveyance, and beginning at the same time. Upon the death of a joint tenant, the interest passes to the surviving joint tenants, rather than the heirs of the deceased. This type of ownership is commonly used by couples who want the surviving partner to receive ownership of the deceased's share of the property.
However, some states have statutory provisions which deem joint tenancies to be severed upon the death of one joint tenant, unless the joint owners have agreement in writing stating otherwise. Other states have abolished the recognition of joint tenancy all together and will treat all instances of joint tenancy as tenancy in common. It is important to understand how a specific state's statutory provisions will affect the ownership rights of both joint tenants and tenants in common and then plan your affairs accordingly.
What is right of survivorship?
Right of survivorship is the right of a survivor to receive the property of the deceased. In general, it is the difference between joint tenancy and tenancy in common. Note that some states do not recognize joint tenancy or do not deem tenancies to be severed upon the death of an owner.
What is tenancy in common?
An undivided ownership in real estate by two or more persons. The interest need not be equal, and in the event of the death of one of the owners, there is no right of survivorship in that owner's interest. Instead, the deceased's interest will pass to his or her heirs.
What is tenancy by the entirety?
A form of ownership by husband and wife whereby each owns the entire property. Neither spouse can deal the property without the consent of the other. One main benefit is that the creditors of one spouse cannot enforce against the property held in tenancy by entirety unless the non-debtor spouse dies first. In the event of death of one spouse, the survivor owns the entire property without the need for probate. However, it will be difficult to transfer the property if one spouse disappears or becomes incompetent since the other spouse cannot sever tenancy by entirety unilaterally.
What is Survivorship Community Property?
This is a form of joint tenancy available only to spouses in certain states. Each spouse owns 50% of the property as well as any debts that each spouse may have incurred. Upon the death of one spouse, the survivor will receive the deceased's interest without probate. However, community property provides less protection to individuals than tenancy by the entirety since debtors can enforce against the property because debt is also considered community property.
How does joint tenancy differ from tenancy in common?
Who should I list as the Grantor?
The Grantor is the person who bestows or gives the possession of something. In the case of a transfer of property by deed, the Grantor is the person who gives interest that he or she holds in the property to someone else. Generally, the Grantor section should include everyone whose name is currently on the title of the property that is being transferred.
Who should I list as the Grantee?
The Grantee is the person who receives the grant. In the case of a transfer of property by deed, the Grantee is the person who receives interest of the property from the Grantor and should include everyone, whose name will be on the title of the property once it has been transferred.
Be aware that a person can be both a Grantor and a Grantee on a deed. For example, if John Smith currently holds title to a home and he wants to convey half interest of that family property to his wife, Mary Smith, John Smith would be listed as the Grantor, and John Smith and Mary Smith would be listed as the Grantee.
What is a notary public?
A Notary Public is a state-appointed official who is authorized to authenticate certain legal documents, such as declarations, acknowledgments, deeds, mortgages, and other contracts. Most real estate deeds are notarized by attorneys.
What does the term "Homestead Property" mean?
Generally speaking, Homestead Property is real estate occupied by a person as his or her home or dwelling place.
What does the term "Grantee's assigns" mean?
Grantee's assigns refers to any person that the Grantee transfers the property to, after having received the property from the Grantor.
What are documentation / documentary transfer stamps?
Some counties and/or states require that these stamps be placed on a deed to evidence that it complies with the local land recording laws. These stamps will be attached at the time of recording, and there is nothing that the parties need to do prior to recording the deed to satisfy this requirement.
What is the consideration?
The consideration entered on a deed document should be the actual value paid by the Grantee to the Grantor in monetary terms. If no consideration is being provided, such as in the case of a gift, then $10.00 can be entered as the standard consideration.
What is a Well Disclosure Certificate?
A Well Disclosure Certificate is required to be attached to a deed in the state of Minnesota if the property being transferred contains new wells that were not listed on the previous Well Disclosure Certificate. This document does not need to be included with a deed if the property does not contain any wells, or if all of the wells have already been disclosed on a prior certificate.
What is the County Recorder's Office?
This office is referred to by different names in different states, such as County Clerk's Office, Register of Deeds, or Land Registry Office. It is where quitclaim and warranty deeds are registered.
What is a Real Estate Validation Questionnaire?
It is a form created by the Kansas Department of Revenue that is designed to help study the relationship between assessed and market values of property. It is a required form for real estate transactions involving land located in Kansas, unless the property qualifies for an exemption.
What is curtesy?
"Curtesy" is a legal term meaning the common law property rights that a man is entitled to upon the death of his wife, in any property that she owned or had fee-simple rights to during her life, provided they have had lawful children born alive which might have been capable of inheriting those rights. It is a freehold estate for the term of the husband's life. This word is different than the commonly used variant courtesy which relates to showing manners.
If i am legally separated, which option do i choose, married or not married?
If you are legally separated, you are still considered as married.
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Property Information
Where can I obtain the legal description of my property?
You should be able to obtain the complete legal description of your property from the County Recorder's Office by providing your municipal address or tax parcel number.
What is the tax parcel number or parcel identification and how do I find out what the specific number is for my property?
This number is a 10-12 digit number that identifies ownership and assessed values of property for taxation purposes. The number can be obtained from your Tax Statement, Revaluation Notice, or Personal Property Listing Form.
How do I find out information regarding prior grants?
Information pertaining to prior grants of your property (such as the book and page number it was recorded on) can be obtained from the County Recorder's Office.
Can I have more than one Homestead property?
No, if you own and reside in more than one property, you must select one of these properties which will be considered your homestead.
What is the Tax Map Key Number and how can I find the Tax Map Key Number for my Hawaiian property?
The state of Hawaii uses Tax Map Key Numbers to identify the


Category:Giorgi Saakadze
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Giorgi Saakadze (c. 1570–1629) was a Georgian politician and military commander who played an important but contradictory role in the politics of the early 17th-century Georgia. He was also known as Grand Mouravi (დიდი მოურავი, didi mouravi) in Georgia, Mūrāv-Beg in Iran and Maghraw-Bek in the Ottoman Empire for having served as a mouravi (appointed royal official which can be rendered by seneschal or bailiff) of Tbilisi.


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For The Record: Stencils
Courtesy of Tattoo Archive: Originally tattooists were required to have enough artistic ability to draw the desired design onto the skin before tattooing. With the advent of wooden, paper and or plastic stencils, the tattoo business opened up to a larger group of craftsmen; who with the aid of the stencil could get the design transfer to the skin and then apply their skills to outlining and shading that design. Even tattooists with drawing skills like the ease of transfer that stencils offered…
In professional tattooing early stencils were made of paper with the design drawn using a hectograph pencil. This design could be transferred to the skin with the aid water or green soap. Paper stencils were fragile and generally would be used only once. They were often made just before the tattoo was done. Stencils for popular designs were often made up in advance, as we have seen in old-time tattooists' collections of multi-paper stencils. This transfer process may have come from the sign painting or embroidery business.
Unknowingly Alexander Parkes brought the tattoo world plastic — actually celluloid stencils. His 1856 patent was the first thermoplastic patent issued and it opened the floodgates for many more plastics to be invented. Parkes' patent called for a combination of cellulose and alcoholized camphor that once heated, could be molded and retained its shape when cooled.
It is unknown what tattooist came up with the idea of scratching a design onto a thin sheet of this celluloid, sprinkling charcoal into the etch and with a thin coast of Vaseline on the skin, the stencil would then be placed onto the skin in a rolling fashion. A charcoal design would then be transferred to the skin. As you can well imagine, this design was ver y fragile: charcoal floating on a thin layer of Vaseline! As awkward to use as the plastic stencils were, they became very popular and there was hardly a tattoo shop in the world without envelopes full of them.
Tattooists liked the idea of making the stencil once and then using it for years after. For the collectors these plastic stencils have created a library of classic design that will sur vive for decades to come.
Plastic stencils are often marked with a cryptic code of letters, numbers, and the like. Each sheet of flash found on shop walls had some form of identification; letters or numbers seemed to be the most popular. Stencils for each design were stored in filing cabinets in envelopes with the matching number or letter corresponding to the sheet on the wall. This system made it much easier to find the desired stencil when needed.
Ironically in the last few years the plastic stencil has fallen out of favor with working tattooist. As is often the case, history has repeated itself. The paper stencil is back with what is considered by many a labor-saving device — the stencil maker. The stencil maker used to be the apprentice but today this copying device sets near the work area and in the good times, gets a lot of use. An interesting sidelight to plastic stencils is the way tattooist used them to exchange designs with other tattooist. A rub can be done of the stencil by placing a piece of tracing paper over the stencil and rubbing a pencil over it, the outline would be transferred to the paper. These rubs show up in many tattooist collections.
This installment of For the Record was featured in Tattoo Artist Magazine issue #31.


SpongeBob SquarePants
Aliens (SpongeHenge)
on ESB
N. Unofficial Name
General information
Address: Pacific Ocean
Interests: Tourism
Physical appearance
Color: Purple
Eye Color: Green
Series information
First appearance: "SpongeHenge"
Latest appearance: "SpongeHenge"
List of characters
The Aliens appear at the end of "SpongeHenge," looking at the sculptures SpongeBob SquarePants made. They are purple and have an extra eye on their forehead.
 - They live in the 51st century which is 10 centuries later after the future in "SB-129."
 - There are two things that may happened that why are aliens instead of fish.
Angry Jack close-up
"We paid ten dollars for this?"
Wikia Spotlight
Random Wiki


Other Phone Options
Playing Your Message
Personal Distribution List
Tagging a Message
Calling a Sender
Replying to a Message
Recording Your Personal Greeting
Recording Your External Greeting
Recording Your Internal Greeting
Recording Your Temporary Greeting
Changing Your Password
Assigning a Custom Operator
Logging In
Previous | Next
Recording Your Internal Greeting
Callers from Inside your organization hear your internal greeting.
To record your internal greeting:
 1. While logged in to Voice Messaging, press 8 - 2.
 2. Press 2 for internal greeting.
 - If you want to hear the current greeting, press 2.
 3. Press 5 to record. Wait for the tone before you start speaking.
 4. Press pound to end the recording.
 5. When you have finished recording, you can play the greeting, rerecord it, delete it, or exit.
 - To play the greeting you recorded, press 2.
 - To rerecord the greeting, press 5 while at the beginning of the greeting. Record the new greeting and press pound to end the rerecording.
 - To delete the greeting, press 7 - 6 at the greeting.
 - To exit press 4.


text:
1. Intracutaneous injection of guinea pigs with an alkaline extract of pneumococcus produces in about two-thirds of the animals an allergy with a skin reaction similar to the allergic skin response of tuberculosis.
2. Continuance of the intracutaneous injections after the appearance of allergy results in its disappearance. The skin ceases to react.
3. Neither the animals manifesting skin allergy nor those which fail to develop it show any significant alteration in susceptibility to pneumococcus infection by intraperitoneal inoculation. Similarly, animals desensitized by continuing the intracutaneous injections after the appearance of allergy show an unaltered susceptibility.


text:
10 Most Influential Female Nurses of All Time
July 29, 2008
Nurses impact lives every day. But once in a while, a nurse comes along who touches the lives of the world, and not just her patients. These women went above and beyond for the field of nursing. They served in wars, broke down racial barriers, and campaigned for women's rights. They have become role models for women everywhere, not just nurses. However, nurses can be especially proud to share a title with these 10 ladies.
8. Mabel Keaton Staupers
Mabel Keaton Staupers
Mabel Keaton Staupers was an advocate for racial equality in the field of nursing. Staupers served as the secretary of the National Associated of Graduate Colored Nurses. She advocated for the introduction of African-American nurses into the Army and Navy during WWII.
In 1945, she won the fight and all nurses, regardless of race, were to be included in the military. In 1950, Staupers dissolved the NAGCN as it re-aligned with the American Nursing Association.


text:
How Much Does the Ocean Weigh?
Water does weigh something; about 8.3 pounds per gallon. In research published this week, scientists from the National Oceanography Center and Newcastle University have proposed an idea that will assess the mass of the world ocean by weighing it at a single point. But there is a catch. Global sea level is currently rising at about 3 mm per year, but predictions of rise over the century vary from 30 cm to over a meter. There are two ways global sea level can increase. The water in the oceans can warm and expand, leading to the same weight of water taking up more space. In other words water density can vary which must be taken into account. Alternatively, more water added to the ocean from melting of land ice will increase the ocean's weight.
The National Oceanography Centre's Prof Christopher Hughes said: "We have shown that making accurate measurements of the changing pressure at a single point in the Pacific Ocean will indicate the mass of the world ocean. And we know where to place such an instrument — the central tropical Pacific where the deep ocean is at its quietest. This pressure gauge needs to be located away from land and oceanic variability. The principle is rather like watching your bath fill: you don't look near the taps, where all you can see is splashing and swirling, you look at the other end where the rise is slow and steady."
By a lucky chance, pressure measurements have been made in the Pacific Ocean since 2001, as part of the U.S. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program, which focuses on detecting the small pressure fluctuations produced by the deep ocean waves that become tsunamis at the coast.
From these measurements, the team including Dr Rory Bingham, based in the School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences at Newcastle University, have been able to show that a net 6 trillion tonnes of water enters the ocean between late March and late September each year, enough to raise sea level by 1.7 cm, and leaves the ocean in the following six months.
Prof Hughes: "Of course, what we are most interested in is how much water accumulates in the ocean each year, and this is where we currently have a problem. While present instruments are able to measure pressure variations very accurately, they have a problem with long term trends, producing false outcomes."
By knowing the weight an estimate of how much the ocean in increasing would be known which would be related to how much global warming is occurring.
"This is a challenging goal. The pressure changes are smaller than the background pressure by a factor of about 10 million, and the deep ocean is a hostile environment for mechanical components with erosion and high pressures. However, there are many other measurement systems with this kind of accuracy and there is no reason, in principle, why someone with a new idea and a fresh approach could not achieve this.
Article appearing courtesy Environmental News Network.
|Tags: oceanic variability oceanography pacific ocean pressure fluctuations sea level water density||[ Permalink ]|


Understanding telecom complexity through visual analysis
Understanding telecom complexity through visual analysis
Joseph Waring
In an August article in Telecom Asia, Lorien Pratt and Mark Zangari explained why operators need a deep understanding of the many moving parts of the complex systems in which they compete. They showed that a mobile ecosystem -- like any platform business model -- can produce a "virtuous cycle", where more and better applications attract more subscribers, which in turn makes the platform more attractive to developers to build more applications. Over time, this cycle can produce the kind of explosive growth characteristic of the more successful app stores.
Complexity is a recurring theme across telecoms. It comes from many sources: new competition, exploding service catalogs, the movement from singleto quad-play services, and more. Telecom Asia group editor Joseph Waring asks Pratt and Zangari about how their visual modeling findings can be used by telcos to make decisions that allow them to dominate their markets.
TA: Why is a visual analysis needed to understand complex telecom systems? Text, spreadsheets, and conversation seem to be effective.
There are a few answers. Telecom management is considerably more complex than a decade ago, yet we're still using the same decision-making approaches.
When faced with complexity, telecom decision makers tend to use spreadsheets, data analysis, and dashboards. Yet they don't let these tools make the decisions for them. Rather, decision makers study these sources, then set them aside and add their own judgment. So really, the role of decision support tools is to drive intuition: to communicate the situation to the decision maker and to align understanding amongst multiple stakeholders.
Some situations are too hard to understand by analyzing a large spreadsheet. These tools are good at organizing information, but not at supporting complex decision making. This is especially true with the compressed time frames faced by telecoms today—decisions must be made in days instead of weeks or months. Here, decision makers end up taking short cuts: only considering a single outcome, only one investment option, ignoring changes over time. Which leads to our answer to your question: a visual representation of a complex system is essential to align the otherwise invisible views of a complex system into a shared, explicit, map.


text:
Colliery checks and tokens
Lamp checks (or 'tokens' or 'tallies') are one of the most popular coal mining objects collected by both museums and the general public. They basically informed colliery management of who was in work but became vital when rescue services needed to know how many men were actually underground during an incident such as a fire or explosion. Colliery check systems apparently became common during the late nineteenth century and became mandatory in 1913 after an amendment to the 1911 Coal Mines Act.
Check systems varied between coal fields and altered over time, by the late 1970s a three check system (safety check system) became common. In this system each underground worker was issued with three checks, often of different shapes and sizes, one to be handed in to the lamp room, one to be handed to the banksman before the man descended the shaft and one was kept on the person during the shift.
A similar system was used by Mines Rescue during incidents. This was similar to the three check system but pre dated it. In this system a red plastic disc was handed into the lamp room, a yellow plastic disc to the banksman and a copper disc was worn around the neck during the time the rescue man was underground.
Other types of checks were also issued in the mining industry such as those used for shotfiring, canteens, pithead baths and bus and train passes. The mining trade unions also issued checks in various forms to show when a member had paid his contributions. Mining institutes and public houses in mining areas also issued beer checks on various occasions.
Amgueddfa Cymru's Industry Department has collected over a thousand examples of these colliery checks and tokens. Some are on display at Big Pit: National Coal Museum and examples can be seen on our online resource Images of Industry
Article by: Ceri Thompson, Curator, Big Pit: National Coal Museum
Lampchecks and tokens
Article Date: 30 January 2013


text:
When experiencing alpha decay, atoms shed alpha particles made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Why can't we have other types of particles made of more or less protons?
The reason why alpha particles heavily dominate as the proton-neutron mix most likely to be emitted from most (not all!) radioactive components is the extreme stability of this particular combination. That same stability is also why helium dominates after hydrogen as the most common element in the universe, and why other higher elements had to be forged in the hearts and shells of supernovas in order to come into existence at all.
Here's one way to think of it: You could in principle pop off something like helium-3 from an unstable nucleus - that's two protons and one neutron - and very likely give a net reduction in nuclear stress. But what would happen is this: The moment the trio started to depart, a neutron would come screaming in saying look how much better it would be if I joined you!! And the neutron would be correct: The total reduction in energy obtained by forming a helium-4 nucleus instead of helium-3 would in almost any instance be so superior that any self-respecting (and energy-respecting) nucleus would just have to go along with the idea.
Now all of what I just said can (and in the right circumstances should) be said far more precisely in terms of issues such as tunneling probabilities, but it would not really change the message much: Helium-4 nuclei pop off preferentially because they are so hugely stable that it just makes sense from a stability viewpoint for them to do so.
The next most likely candidates are isolated neutrons and protons, incidentally. Other mixed versions are rare until you get up into the fission range, in which case the whole nucleus is so unstable that it can rip apart in very creative ways (as aptly noted by the earlier comment).
$\alpha$ particles are really $He^4_2$ nucleus i.e made up of 2 neutron and 2 protons.
As you can see in this graph, $He^4_2$ ion has a high binding energy per nucleon, i.e. it is highly stable among all the neighboring nuclei. This makes them easy to sustain their existence and makes it easier for the nuclei to emit them in radioactive decay thus making the resultant nuclei much more stable than if a $He_2^3$ would have escaped.


How exactly should we combine three orbitals when we have three orbitals that are of correct symmetry to interact?
Take $\ce{H2O}$ for example. $\mathrm{2s},$ $\mathrm{2p}_z$ and the $A_1$ group $(\ce{H2})$ orbitals can interact. It would seem trivial that the lowest bonding orbital is $\mathrm{2s}$ in phase with $A_1,$ but what about the anti binding orbital? Most resources suggest $\mathrm{2p}_z-A_1$ out-of-phase interaction, but is $\mathrm{2s}$ with $A_1$ out of phase not correct?
Could this be due to we try to construct the anti bonding orbital with least overlap possible?
 - $\begingroup$ Three AOs produce three MOs. $\endgroup$ – Ivan Neretin Oct 29 '20 at 9:58
 - $\begingroup$ Yea, so there will be a non-bonding orbital in the middle right, but what about the anti bonding orbital? $\endgroup$ – Tsz Oct 29 '20 at 10:22
 - $\begingroup$ It depends on the geometry. You might have a non-bonding orbital in the middle and an antibonding one above, or you may have two roughly equal no-so-antibonding orbitals. $\endgroup$ – Ivan Neretin Oct 29 '20 at 10:31
 - $\begingroup$ What I am asking is how will they mix? If you have two orbitals their linear combination is trivial, one combination is in phase while the other is not. What if there are three? $\endgroup$ – Tsz Oct 29 '20 at 11:50
 - $\begingroup$ It will be something like $(+++),\;(+0-),\text{ and }(+-+)$. $\endgroup$ – Ivan Neretin Oct 29 '20 at 12:55
You can estimate what happens by using a Huckel MO approach and, even though it is approximate, it shows the trends. With three similar orbitals on three atoms, such as 3 p orbitals these can be combined in two ways depending on whether the molecule is triangular or linear in shape. The MO's produced always sum to the same energy as that of the three p orbitals.
Without going into details, if we place them in a triangular arrangement each of the p orbitals can interact with each of the other two and the MO orbitals produced have relative energies -2,+1, +1 so when three electrons are added there is an overall lowering of energy with two in the lowest energy orbital and one in either of the two degenerate orbitals.
If linear, the three p orbitals will only interact significantly with the one next to it, 1 to 2, 2 to 3 for example. The MO orbitals all have different energy with one lowered a lot and two raised less so, so that the total energy is the same as the initial p orbitals. None are degenerate.
The conclusion is that the energy of the MO orbitals produced depend on the interactions between the p orbitals and this often depends on the geometry with closest p orbitals interacting most.
The Huckel method is described in many places, Wikipedia and most phys. chem. textbooks, if you want to try the calculation for yourself.
Another answer addressed the situation of three p orbitals, each on separate atoms. However, the example of $\ce{H2O}$ given in the question is a bit more complicated, since two of the orbitals are on the same atom (s and p on O). The short answer is that we cannot determine qualitatively what the orbitals look like, specifically the nonbonding one that is intermediate in energy.
If we first consider the s and p orbital independently, we have four possible combinations:
 1. s + A1 (where " + " means same phase) [bonding]
 2. s - A1 [antibonding]
 3. p + A1 [bonding]
 4. p - A1 [antibonding]
But we know that only three orbitals actually result, since three went in. SO already we have a problem that we don't know which three to use. It gets even more complicated when we realize that the s and p orbitals can both contribute to the same MO. (This is often described as "s-p mixing", though it formally is a mixing of the MOs, not the AOs.) If we don't worry about the exact value of the coefficients of each orbital and just focus on sign, we have four distinct results:
 1. s + p + A1 [strongly bonding]
 2. s - p + A1 [essentially nonbonding, since the portions of s and p that are oriented towards A1 are out of phase with each other and at least partially cancel out so there is very little overlap with A1]
 3. s + p - A1 [strongly antibonding] here the portions of s and p oriented towards A1 are additive to make a large lobe that is out of phase with A1
 4. s - p - A1 [essentially nonbonding, since the portions of s and p that are oriented towards A1 are out of phase with each other and partially cancel out as in (2)]
Of these, (1) and (3) are good representations of the known bonding and antibonding orbitals in $\ce{H2O}$ that you will find in pictures of MOs of $\ce{H2O}$, although the contribution of p to (1) is small enough that it closely resembles a simple s + A1 orbital.
The challenge is the third orbital. Determining whether it will more closely resemble (2) or (4) is not something that can be done with simple qualitative analysis. We must instead do a more quantitative analysis, which tells us that (4) is more accurate; the density on O has a small lobe pointed towards A1 that is in phase with A1 but overlaps very little and a large lobe that points away from A1 that is out of phase with A1. This quantitative analysis is covered in advance MO theory texts.
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This project combines Physics, Biology, and Construction Design to learn about limbs from insects to humans.
The physics lessons begin with studying torque and how it causes rotation, following the with experimenting with levers and how to calculate the mechanical advantage. Work and energy of simple levers and how it can be applied to the human arm is also introduced. Finally a model arm is constructed in the last lesson and experiments are conducted on mechanical advantage, applied forces and work and energy.
The wood working lesson has to do with how design evolves - whether it's the limb of an animal or an object being built, good design is EVERYTHING. If it doesn't work in an animal, the animal dies or that particular strain goes extinct. If it doesn't work in an object, the object does not sell; money, time and resources are lost - the capitalist's version of extinction. Elements and evaluating good design principals are the core of this arc of lessons, and the construction of a well designed oven push stick to keep from burning your fingers is the end result.
The Biology section covers the anatomy and physiology of limb movement, the evolution of limbs and the different types of limbs in the animal kingdom. The four lessons are part of an integrated project that provides knowledge of limbs that will apply to the culminating project of creating a model limb.
This unit is brought to you by Oscar Dominguez (Science), Howard White (CTE), and John Moorhead (Science) with support from the CTE Online curriculum leadership team and detailed coordination provided by the Course Team Lead Gregg Witkin.


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Promising practice: India's civil law, Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, includes dowry-related harassment as a form of domestic violence (Section 3(b)). It is important dowry-related violence and deaths be prohibited under criminal laws, as well. (See Harmful practices against women in India: An examination of selected legislative responses, p. 10.) The Protection of Women From Domestic Violence Act (2005) of India defines domestic violence as follows:
3. Definition of domestic violence.-For the purposes of this Act, any act, omission or commission or conduct of the respondent shall constitute domestic violence in case it -
(a) harms or injures or endangers the health, safety, life, limb or well-being, whether mental or physical, of the aggrieved person or tends to do so and includes causing physical abuse, sexual abuse, verbal and emotional abuse and economic abuse; or
(b) harasses, harms, injures or endangers the aggrieved person with a view to coerce her or any other person related to her to meet any unlawful demand for any dowry or other property or valuable security; or
(c) has the effect of threatening the aggrieved person or any person related to her by any conduct mentioned in clause (a) or clause (b); or
(d) otherwise injures or causes harm, whether physical or mental, to the aggrieved person.
Explanation I.-For the purposes of this section,-
(i) "physical abuse" means any act or conduct which is of such a nature as to cause bodily pain, harm, or danger to life, limb, or health or impair the health or development of the aggrieved person and includes assault, criminal intimidation and criminal force;
(ii) "sexual abuse" includes any conduct of a sexual nature that abuses, humiliates, degrades or otherwise violates the dignity of woman;
(iii) "verbal and emotional abuse" includes-
(a) insults, ridicule, humiliation, name calling and insults or ridicule specially with regard to not having a child or a male child; and
(b) repeated threats to cause physical pain to any person in whom the aggrieved person is interested.
(iv) "economic abuse" includes-
(a) deprivation of all or any economic or financial resources to which the aggrieved person is entitled under any law or custom whether payable under an order of a court or otherwise or which the aggrieved person requires out of necessity including, but not limited to, household necessities for the aggrieved person and her children, if any, stridhan, property, jointly or separately owned by the aggrieved person, payment of rental related to the shared household and maintenance;
(b) disposal of household effects, any alienation of assets whether movable or immovable, valuables, shares, securities, bonds and the like or other property in which the aggrieved person has an interest or is entitled to use by virtue of the domestic relationship or which may be reasonably required by the aggrieved person or her children or her stridhan or any other property jointly or separately held by the aggrieved person; and
(c) prohibition or restriction to continued access to resources or facilities which the aggrieved person is entitled to use or enjoy by virtue of the domestic relationship including access to the shared household.
Explanation II.-For the purpose of determining whether any act, omission, commission or conduct of the respondent constitutes "domestic violence" under this section, the overall facts and circumstances of the case shall be taken into consideration. Chapter II, 3
4. (1) A single act may amount to domestic violence.
(2) A number of acts that form a pattern of behaviour may amount to domestic violence even though some or all of the acts when viewed in isolation may appear minor or trivial. Part II 4
(See: the Combating of Domestic Violence Act (2003) of Namibia (hereinafter law of Namibia) Part I 2 (3) and (4))
Defining dowry-related violence and dowry
"any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given either directly or indirectly-
(a) by one party to a marriage to the other party to the marriage; or
(b) by the parents of either party to a marriage or by any other person, to either party to the marriage or to any other person; at or before [or any time after the marriage] [in connection with the marriage of the said parties, but does not include] dower or mahr in the case of persons to whom the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) applies.
(See: Dowry Prohibition Act, India, 1961, Art. 2)
(See: Domestic Violence)
Previous Topic Drafting the legislative preamble and contents


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Artists used things that end up in Amsterdam's canals to create a walkway that gives the illusion of walking through an underwater tunnel along the bottom of a canal with fish, air bubbles, reflections, an assortment of objects gliding and floating above you – bicycles, umbrellas, cogs, boat parts, liquor bottles, etc and yes,Vincent van Gogh's ear!
The artwork, named Amsterdam Oersoep meaning primordial soup, is a visual narrative that tells the story of how all of Earth's life forms originated from water.
Can you spot Van Gogh's ear? I see a mouse on the left! Eeek!
The seven chandeliers and Art Deco mirrors are made of recycled bicycle parts. Each year Waternet, Amsterdam's Water Authority, fishes between 12,000 and 15,000 bicycles from the canals! The bikes were either discarded deliberately, or tossed in by drunks.
"The ceiling for example contains a tube of paint that flows into a rainbow referring to the colorful nature of Amsterdam, its tolerance for the LGBTQ community but it also contains the image of a tiger, liquor bottles, fish, rats and numerous art historical references to famous artists like Van Gogh and Rembrandt," explains Hans van Bentem. "This work is a journey through the history of Amsterdam, its main arteries, the canals. A crowd stopper, freezing a moment in time thanks to its elaborate craftsmanship and rich materials, celebrating our everyday source of life: our holy water."
All Things Dutch
Fourteen stained-glass sconces handcrafted in the shapes of an umbrella, French fries, a tulip, a wooden clog, the city's coat of arms, etc adorn the walls.
Hmmm, how is an umbrella Dutch? I am guessing it's one of the items often fished out from the canals.
My favourite piece is this giant fish fountain on the wall with an open mouth. Below the fish are the words Take Some Mokum With You. Mokum is a nickname for Amsterdam. If you stick your water bottle in the mouth, the red light turns blue, and your bottle will get filled with drinkable water though there is a running joke that the water is probably from the canals!!


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middle men to survive in market, it must have good relations with existing shareholders who provide capital. The consumers' group is the most important part of public as success of business depends upon the support and demand of customers only.
Role, Significance, advantages of public relations:
Public relations are significant in the following ways:
1. Help to convey the policies and programmes of the organisation.
2. Help to collect information about public opinion about the organisation, management activities etc.
3. To overcome the complaints and dislikes of public.
4. To mould people's attitude in favour of organisation.
5. To maintain goodwill and understanding between organisation and public.
6. To build an image of the organisation.
Ways/Methods and Tools of Public Relations:
The companies can use the following tools to improve their relations with public:
Sometimes companies get involved in such kind of activities or make such policies so that they get some positive coverage in news. For example, a company's name may be covered in news for reservation of jobs for women or for introducing new technology etc.
The speeches given by the leaders of corporate sectors influence various members of public specially banks, shareholders etc. Public relations department creates occasion when the speeches are delivered by the leader of company.
Events refer to organizing press conferences, multimedia presentation, matches, stage shows etc.
4. Written Materials:
Sometimes written materials such as Balance Sheet, Annual Reports, Special documents, Brochures etc. are circulated to various parties to improve and maintain public image of the company.
5. Public Service Activities:
Big business houses often associate themselves with various social service projects such as women welfare programmes, charity shows, up-keeping of parks, planting trees on road side, training schools, running schools, colleges, hospitals etc.


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Military engineer Henry Martyn Robert authored the best known and most widely used book on parliamentary law - Robert's Rules of Order.
Robert served as an engineer in the army from 1867 to 1871. He worked on the defense of Washington, Philadelphia, and the New England Coast during the Civil War and was president of the Board of Engineers from 1895 to 1901. After having difficulty leading a meeting at church one day he declared that he would learn about parliamentary procedure before going back. That resulted in the Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies loosely based on the procedures used in the US House of Representatives.
Read Robert's Rules of Order.


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Toruń was kickstarted into prominence in 1233, when the Teutonic Knights transformed the existing 11th-century Slav settlement into one of their early outposts. The knights surrounded the town, then known as Thorn, with walls and a castle. Rapid expansion as a port meant that newly arriving merchants and craftspeople had to settle outside the city walls and soon built what became known as the New Town. In the 1280s Toruń joined the Hanseatic League, giving further impetus to its development.
Toruń later became a focal point of the conflict between Poland and the Teutonic order, and when the Thirteen Years' War finally ended in 1466, the Treaty of Toruń returned a large area of land to Poland, stretching from Toruń to Gdańsk.
The following period of prosperity ended with the Swedish wars, and the city fell under Prussian domination in 1793, later becoming part of Germany. Toruń didn't return to Poland until the nation was recreated after WWI.
After WWII, which fortunately did relatively little damage to the city, Toruń expanded significantly, with vast new suburbs and industries. Luckily, the medieval quarter was unaffected and largely retains its old appearance.


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Preparing for Tomorrow's High Tide: Sea Level Rise Vulnerability Assessment for the State of Delaware was developed by the DNREC Delaware Coastal Programs with input, advice and guidance from members of Delaware's Sea Level Rise Advisory Committee. It was formally approved by the Sea Level Rise Advisory Committee in May, 2012.
It contains background information about sea level rise, methods used to determine vulnerability and a comprehensive accounting of the extent and impacts that sea level rise will have on 79 resources in the state. The information contained within this document and its appendixes will be used by the Delaware Sea Level Rise Advisory Committee and other stakeholders to guide development of sea level rise adaptation strategies.
What is it?
Vulnerability assessments are conducted as a way to understand the effects of a hazardous event, whether the event is an attack by a computer hacker, a tornado or in this case – sea level rise. Vulnerability assessments identify locations and extent of impacts and often prioritize the importance of these impacts. This process can then lead to changes that may limit the negative effects should the event occur.
This Vulnerability Assessment provides in-depth information about sea level rise and its potential impacts to Delaware in a 2-volume document, an Assessment and a Mapping Appendix. These documents contain background information about sea level rise, vulnerability assessment methods and a comprehensive accounting of the potential extent and impacts that sea level rise could have to 79 resources within the state. The information within this document will be used by the Delaware Sea Level Rise Advisory Committee and other stakeholders to guide development of sea level rise adaptation strategies.
Statewide, between 8% and 11% of the state's land area could be inundated by sea level rise by the year 2100. Inundation from sea level rise will occur in all three of Delaware's counties, affecting a range of resources. Although the direct impacts from sea level rise will be felt primarily in areas near tidal waters, every Delawarean is likely to be affected whether through increased costs of maintaining public infrastructure, decreased tax base, loss of recreational opportunities or loss of community character.
Users of this document should carefully read the introductory materials and methods to understand the assumptions and trade-offs that have been made in order to describe and depict vulnerability information at a statewide scale.
For more information or to obtain a hard copy of this report, please contact the Delaware Coastal Programs Office at _PHONE_.


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When you design an actions pane control, it can be helpful to resize the control to the width of the task pane so that you can see exactly what the controls will look like when they are visible on the task pane. The actions pane control can be found in the New Items dialog box.
1. Create a new Excel Workbook solution using VSTO.
2. Right-click your Excel solution in Solution Explorer, point to Add, and then click New Item.
3. In the Add New Item dialog box, click Actions Pane Control, and then click Add. See Figure 5.3, presented earlier, for an example.
4. Expand the Size property for the control and set the width to 200.
You can add Windows Forms controls to the design surface of the actions pane control by dragging the controls from Toolbox.
5. Add two Label controls, and change the second label to resemble a text box by selecting a white background color, adding a border, and changing the AutoSize property to False (see Figure 5.4).
6. Keep the default name of the label (Label1) for the first label on the control, and change its Text property to Formatting of Active Cell.
7. Change the name of the second label to SelectionFont, set the Tex-tAlign property to MiddleCenter, and clear out any text.
You should also change the anchor of each of these controls so that the labels resize if the task pane is resized. Set the Anchor property to Top, Left, Right for each label. The code to add this actions pane control to the action pane should be added to the Startup event handler of ThisWorkbook. The variable to reference the control is created at the class level as a public variable so that you can access it from the worksheet using the Globals class.
8. Add the code in Listing 5.7 to the ThisWorkbook class, replacing the existing Startup event handler.
Listing 5.7. Displaying the actions pane control on the actions pane Public ActionsControl As New ActionsPaneControl1
Private Sub ThisWorkbook_Startup(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Startup
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