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How to Help Young People Transition Into Adulthood
How to Help Young People Transition Into Adulthood
Over the past decade, I talked to thousands of educators grappling with the question of how to best prepare young people for the uncertain future. The vast majority agree that skills like critical thinking, resilience, creativity, systems thinking, and empathy are crucial and must be prioritized over compliance and standardized test scores. But, more recently, there's a sense that young people need to gain real-world experience in navigating the unknown through some kind of authentic rite of passage—and more and more research is exploring what that might look like.
For millennia, elders have led youth through scaffolded rites of passage. French ethnographer Arnold van Gennep analyzed rites of passage across cultures in history and found that they have a universal three-part structure—separation, liminality, and reincorporation—to help people make sense of great transition. A young person undergoing a coming-of-age rite of passage must leave her "normal world" (separation) and enter into a situation where she experiences the free-fall of being no longer a child but not yet an adult (liminality). Once the initiate has successfully mastered the liminal phase, she returns to the normal world as an adult (reincorporation), having "leveled up" with skills that are needed to function as a healthy member of the community.
But meaningful rites of passage are not as common today. In fact, 75 percent of people between the ages of 12 and 25 lack a clear sense of purpose and many young adults are intimidated by "adulting." This led me to wonder: How might we combine what we know from psychology and education research with traditional rite-of-passage rituals to help youth practice dwelling in the unknown, while building up critical skills for the future?
Over the past two years, I have worked with individuals and small groups of graduate students and educators to prototype a more contemporary approach to rites of passage. The updated three steps we designed—now preparation, threshold, and reflection—revolve around a student-centered project that allows youth to deepen their self-knowledge while learning to be comfortable in the unknown. Dozens of young people have gone through this process, and I hope teachers, community leaders, and others can use this model to facilitate meaningful and impactful rites of passage to support the development of the youth in their communities.
1. Preparation: Student-centered project design
Rites of passage provide a safe and structured container for young people to undergo a metamorphic shift in identity from youth to adult. The goal of the first phase is for you (as a teacher, leader, or parent) and the initiates to develop a deeper understanding of themselves: their character strengths, interests, skills, and passions.
Student inventory. Ask students the following questions (inspired by Project Wayfinder and Angela Maiers):
What are your strengths? This can be skills such as math, drawing, or swimming, or dispositions such as patience, leadership, or the ability to focus. You can also have them take the free VIA Character Strengths Survey for Youth.
What do you love to do? Note that many teens' first answer will be something to do with video games or social media. Capture these ideas, but dig a little deeper to see what else is under there. Do they enjoy strategizing with friends in Fortnite? Or creating beautiful images for Instagram? Once you've captured the digital stuff, be sure to find out what else they love in the "offline" world, just for balance.
Is there anything that you wish you knew how to do? A skill or disposition that you want to develop? Again, see if you can find both digital and offline answers here.
What issue or cause out in the world do you care about the most? Climate? Gun violence? Homelessness? Animal welfare? Government corruption? Talk to them about a few specific issues.
Brainstorm projects. Using the student's answers to each question, begin to brainstorm project ideas that would be meaningful. Projects should be designed to use the initiate's skills to help solve a community problem that he deeply cares about.
For instance, say you are working with a 19-year-old named Sam who loves to draw, write fiction, and make short videos with her friends. The VIA Character Strengths Survey shows she's strong in social intelligence (which she knew) but also in bravery (which she didn't!). She wants to learn business skills and how to make better videos. The daughter of immigrants, Sam is deeply troubled by the racist attacks to which she and her friends are increasingly subjected.
Sam and her mentor brainstorm some ideas for projects. For instance, she might make a short video interviewing three immigrants in her community about their experiences with racism. Or maybe she could illustrate t-shirts with messages of equity and inclusion, and set up a pop-up shop. A third idea might be to write, illustrate, self-publish, and sell a book of short stories about a teenage immigrant.
Discuss viability of project. Have your student review the projects and select a couple of favorites to evaluate what it will take to pull each off successfully. Will it require a lot of money or volunteers? What about location? What is the scope? Are there a lot of interdependencies? Involve the initiate in brainstorming solutions. Ultimately, as in the real world, the final project scope will be determined by a combination of will and resources.
Because it will be a ton of work to fill up an entire shop, and then organize a pop-up, Sam settles on the video project, which seems very doable within her three-month summer break.
Write a project plan. Written as much as possible by the student with support as needed from their mentor, a project plan should include real-world skills like calling venues, organizing volunteers, setting up a Kickstarter campaign, writing a basic budget, using social media for promotion, gathering sponsors, writing, and performing speeches.
Sam's project plan outlines in detail the content, production process, budget, and timeline for her documentary short. Using her mentor's connections, Sam reaches out to a local nonprofit that has a video editing suite and asks if she can use it after-hours.
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GGSC Summer Institute for Educators
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Prepare for departure. Integral to the design of a rite of passage is that the initiate must leave the comfort of home and venture out into a new realm. This separation is baked into the experience of going away to college or summer sleepaway camp, but it can also be engineered in other ways: a summer or gap-year project, or over a holiday break.
The night before Sam is to shoot her first interview, her mentor and parents invite eight adults—family members, former teachers, and friends who know and love Sam—to an opening circle to witness her at the beginning of her journey. The room is illuminated with candles. Each adult speaks to Sam of her strengths and their belief in her, offering one piece of advice and one thing they appreciate about her. The adults have also made a short video of each of them repeating their wishes for her. Sam speaks of her intentions to learn more about filmmaking and to speak out against racism.
2. Threshold: Tasks must be hard (and relevant)
The ordeal will be a challenge. Students need to feel frustrated—pushed as close to the point of giving up as possible—or it won't have the impact.
This is the time when we as facilitators have to step out of the way and let the student work on her own, grapple with setbacks, and, yes, fail. If they show signs of withering, you can support independent problem solving wherever possible. There are several research-based practices you can share that will help build resilience and well-being during the ordeal and well into adulthood, as well.
Growth mindset. If she is not already skilled at learning from mistakes, remind your student that every failure is a learning opportunity. If she starts to internalize negative self-talk, such as "I will never be able to do this!," remind her of the power of "yet"—as in, "You don't know how to do this, yet. But you will get it."
Three Good Things. This is a super simple and proven practice of writing down three good things that happened at the end of each day. Research shows that this can help us sustain a sense of happiness and fend off depressive symptoms for up to three months—an excellent practice to build while amid an ordeal.
Three Good Things
Three Good Things
A way to tune into the positive events in your life
Cultivate awareness. Have the initiate reflect on how he's doing and identify any challenges with self-compassion. Bring any negative self-talk to awareness. Help the initiate become aware of what he does when he starts to experience the frustration of obstacles. Keeping a regular project journal can help facilitate this reflection.
Ethics. In the real world, we come up against ethical challenges all the time. Especially now with the ever-shifting sands of ethical standards in our public discourse, it is important that adults model respect, morality, and ethical decision making during an ordeal. It will be tempting for your student to make some unethical choices. You will want to make it safe and supportive to make the right choice.
Awe. Awe, "numinosity," or the sense that there is a larger force at work in the world is key to meaningful rites of passage, as research shows it is a positive way to catalyze the identity shift necessary to leave childhood and become fully adult. This can be designed into the experience by taking young people out into awe-inspiring nature for several days, creating a deck of personally meaningful cards as in Soul Collage, or reading the poetry of R


Soldiers of Tovias takes place in a war-torn galaxy. The two sides of the war are the Telnok Prefecture and the Tovias Confederacy. Earth is neutral ground – nobody wants it. Earth has become a smoldering, post-apocalyptic rock floating in space. The Telnok Prefecture and the Tovias Confederacy are fighting over a cluster of gas giants spread across several star systems. These gas giants can be mined for the raw gasses that are used in fueling spacecraft. Players have enlisted in the Confederate Tovias Navy in their desire to help win and end the war. At least, that is how the recruiter sold it to them. In truth, the players can really do nothing to speed up the war. Instead, they simply live their lives on board the Combat Fighter Transport (CFT) Jupiter. CFT Jupiter has seen many battles and has many blackened spots on the hull. While both empires are human, and have advanced space flight, effective means of advanced combat has not yet been discovered.
Soldiers of Tovias


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In this paper, we employ message passing algorithms over graphical models to jointly detect and decode symbols transmitted over large multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels with low density parity check (LDPC) coded bits. We adopt a factor graph based technique to integrate the detection and decoding operations. A Gaussian approximation of spatial interference is used for detection. This serves as a low complexity joint detection/decoding approach for large dimensional MIMO systems coded with LDPC codes of large block lengths. This joint processing achieves significantly better performance than the individual detection and decoding scheme.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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This map shows how the south east part of Sherington might have looked c.1300. It is not an actual old map, but a reconstruction by Professor Chibnall originally published as Map 3 in his book "Sherington: Fiefs and Fields of a Buckinghamshire Village".
The distribution of land is given in the following tables: Open Fields - Demesne. This information is taken from Tables 49/50/51 and 47/48 of Chibnall's book, respectively. Note that there are a number of detailed discrepancies between the information on the map and that given in the tables.
Complete map of Sherington.
In 1580, farming followed a 3-year cycle. The arable land was therefore divided into three fields: Marehill Field, Middle Field and Windmill Field. The division is shown on the Field map

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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A zero-ohm link or zero-ohm resistor is a wire link used to connect traces on a printed circuit board that is packaged in the same format as a resistor. This format allows it to be placed on the circuit board using same automated equipment used to place other resistors instead of requiring a separate machine to install a jumper or other wire. Zero-ohm resistors may be packaged like cylindrical resistors, or like surface-mount resistors.
The resistance is only approximately zero; only a maximum (typically 10–50 mΩ) is specified. Thus, a fractional tolerance (as a percentage of the zero-ohm ideal value) would be infinite and is not specified.
An axial through-hole zero-ohm resistor is generally marked with a single black band, the symbol for 0 in the resistor color code. Surface-mount resistors are generally marked with a single "0" or "000".
|This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


As a facilitator, I've found that photos can create connections between people faster — and more profoundly — than any other icebreaker or team-building activity I've ever used. And because the response photos evoke is natural, leaders with no facilitation experience can use photos to turn many team interactions into an opportunity to create connection and accelerate collaboration.
Why does a photo create a feeling of connection? Thank biology. And hormones.
Human communication has existed for more than 30,000 years, but written communication has been around for only 3,700. As a result, our brains had a lot of time to become hardwired to recognize and interpret visual information. This is useful considering that 90% of all the information that comes to the brain is visual. And since our survival often depended on it, we got good at doing it quickly.
You and Your Team Series
Perhaps because we developed this ability alongside the realization that we need to live and work together in tribes and communities to survive, the hormones released when we look at and interpret visual images are the connection-building hormones: serotonin, which creates feelings of connection and belonging, and oxytocin, which reinforces feelings of trust and safety. This potent hormonal mix works quickly to make people feel connected.
As management theorist Simon Sinek and other insightful leaders have noted, when people feel connected, they feel safe to express themselves and share ideas and personal insights — all of which improve the quality of communication and create the rich dialogue essential for collaboration and problem solving.
How can you use photos to build a sense of connection on your team?
Step 1: Prepare. You'll need some photos; it's best to have plenty. A ratio of 10 photos for each person is recommended. You want to be sure you have photos whose imagery has broad appeal. You can create your own deck by printing images from one of the royalty-free and copyright-free stock photo collections, or you can purchase one of the facilitation card decks developed and used by facilitators and executive coaches, which usually have upward of 200 photos.
Display the photos around a room where the team can walk around and see them easily. You'll also need a handout with three to five insight-building questions. More on what makes a good insight-building question in Step 5 below.
Step 2: Focus the discussion. Let's say you have a newly formed team. You need to create a mandate to be sure that the team members have a shared understanding of the group's purpose — why the team exists and what effective collaboration looks like. Focus the group on this topic as your starting point for the discussion.
Step 3: Choose photos. As members consider the topic for discussion, have them select a photo or two that resonates with them and visualizes their thoughts. In this case, it would be on what they think the team's purpose is and what effective collaboration looks like to them.
Step 4: Share insights. Once everyone has had time to think and choose a photo, have each person share their photo and say why it resonates with them. Remember that physiological, emotional reaction? Once people start to share what they think using the photos, they quickly start to connect.
Step 5: Capture themes. As each person shares their photos and explains why they chose them, ask the group to look for common themes. Then dig deeper and facilitate a discussion. Ask insight-building questions, and jot down your team's answers. Here are a few examples of the questions you could ask:
 - What do our images have in common?
 - What themes did we share related to our purpose?
 - Why is this team's work important for the organization?
 - What does it look like when we are collaborating effectively?
 - How do we want to work together going forward?
 - What are our next steps to make our purpose a reality?
Insight-building questions start with why, how, and what, because this language invites open-ended responses. This is critical when unpacking complex subjects into actionable specifics. As James Joyce astutely observed, "In the particular lies the universal." In other words, when people get specific, other people relate.
And when people start to relate, they get into richer dialogue. Rich dialogue is the difference between speaking in generalities, as in "We need to improve morale," and speaking in specifics, as in "Employees want opportunities to grow, learn new skills, and develop on the job." Specifics are vital if you want actionable ideas to result from the conversation.
Step 6: Take action. After the team has identified common themes and answered your questions, ask them to outline actionable commitments they can agree on, ways they can effectively collaborate and work together to make the group mandate a reality.
Why do photos contribute so much to this process? Three big reasons.
Reason #1: In addition to affecting us quickly and powerfully, images stay with us longer. Research shows that after a period of three days we retain 60% of what we see and only 10% of what we hear. Retention of decisions and "aha moments" is critical when it comes to achieving real change in behavior and alignment of action across perspectives.
I am still inspired by an experience I had with a disconnected team whose members used imagery to communicate their issues and expectations for a project they were working on that had gone sideways. A year later, I pulled the images the group had chosen and asked if they could recall their image. Not only could they remember their image and dialogue with incredible accuracy, but they also recalled the images and dialogues of the other participants.
Reason #2: Because the response to photos is physiological, it happens regardless of generation, language, or culture. In workplaces as diverse as most are today, this is pretty important. Last year I called on the connecting power of photos when helping a leadership team that was having difficulty aligning on strategic priorities for how they wanted to lead the organization forward. I asked each person to choose a photo that expressed what leadership meant to them.
A man whose first language was not English shared an image of horses walking along a beach with a single person walking behind them. He spoke of the image evoking that leadership is to serve and lead from behind, and the spirit of the horses symbolizing the combination of strength and gentleness that is needed to gain employees' respect and trust for direction. It was a pivotal moment for the team, helping them relate to each other in a way they hadn't been able to just moments before.
Reason #3: When people connect and relate to one another, they become less protective of their own opinions and less judgmental of others' opinions. In other words, photos shift people out of advocacy, where they protect and promote their own ideas, and into inquiry, where they are open to new ideas.
Incorporating photos into your team interactions has the power to transform your team's communication, connection, collaboration, and performance. No special training or budget necessary.


Home / Life / Your Risk of Tumor Disease is Linked to Your Blood Type
Your Risk of Tumor Disease is Linked to Your Blood Type
Tumor diseases are a threat to health and human life.
In this article, you will find out which blood groups are most resistant to different types of tumor diseases.
Stomach Tumor Disease
People with 0 blood type, regardless of whether the Rh factor is negative or positive, are less likely to develop the disease.
For example, people with blood group 0 have a significantly lower risk of developing gastric cancer, but people with blood group A have an increased chance of developing this type of disease.
Stomach ulcer
Having a blood type A or AB means you're less likely to develop a stomach ulcer than people with blood type 0.
The reason is still unclear, but researchers speculate that this is due to changes in the immune response to infections.
Heart disease
People with a zero blood group have a lower risk of coronary heart disease by up to 23 percent compared to all other blood groups, according to a Harvard School of Public Health study.
Those at higher risk are with blood groups AB and B. Except for genetic pre-dispositions, the exact reason for this is not clear.
Problems with the Pancreas
Another win for blood group zero, as people who have it, are at a lower risk of developing pancreatic disease.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that people with blood group A had a 32 percent higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer, while those with blood group B had up to 72 percent more risk.
The study's findings state that further research is needed to determine the exact reason why people with a zero blood group are more genetically sensitive.
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Econophysics & Network Theory
We develop an information-theoretic approach to the structure and dynamics of large networks, with an emphasis on socio-economic systems. We have already shown that it is possible to use the properties of canonical ensembles in statistical mechanics in order to distinguish nontrivial topological patterns from randomness in real complex networks, and also to stochastically reconstruct the structure of networks from partial information. Future goals include extensions of the theory to financial time series and more complicated scenarios. Recently, we discovered a potential early warning crisis signal in time series of inter-bank loan transactions.


Sioo Impregnation
SiOO:X is a highly effective proven system to protect wood of all types
SiOO:X Impregnation is a water based wood impregnation system which uses proven silicate technology and natural materials to give wood long life protection. It is completely safe and environmentally friendly.
SiOO:X Impregnation is a two component system consisting of Premium Wood Protector and Premium Surface Protector prepared for factory application. The components are supplied in 10, 20, 25 and 60 litre containers and 600 and 1000 litre IBC's. Smaller containers in 1, 3 and 5 litre sizes are available for hand application for smaller areas and maintenance and end grain sealing purposes. Sample 250 ml bottles are available.
 The 3 litre containers of Step 1, Premium Wood Protector and Step 2, Premium Surface Protector
The two components are designed to be used together and they interact to create a unique patented effect to protect wood.The effect is due to the properties of the mineral silica. In effect the the method imitates how nature itself protects wood by petrifaction or creation of fossils. The SiOO:X system only contains natural ingredients which are biocide and emission free.
SiOO:X penetrates the wood and gives a light surface that is pleasant to touch and walk on in the case of decking. Apart from the surface being beautiful, it also is a barrier to algae, mould and rot from penetrating the wood. The surface is very easy to wipe down making maintenance simpler. The SiOO:X treatment reinforces and strengthens the wood surface.
The system gives major advantages in: providing long life protection, minimising life time cost, providing all round UV protection with even colouration, toughening the wood surface and developing a beautiful natural silver grey nuance as the timber matures.
The system carries EN 113 classification against fungi and the EN 46 classification against vermin.
The chemical process is described as a mechanical effect without the use of biocides. It is a passive protection mechanism.
Silicon, potassium, natural plant parts and water.


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coastal path accommodation plymouth
Home Page Your Room Breakfasts Prices Finding Us Plymouth Exploring Booking Links Contact Us
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The industrial archaeology of Dartmoor covers a number of the industries which have, over the ages, occurred on Dartmoor, and the remaining evidence surrounding them. Currently only a few industries are economically significant, yet all three will inevitably leave their own traces on the moor: china clay mining, farming and tourism. A good general guide to the commercial activities on Dartmoor at the end of the 19th century is William Crossing's The Dartmoor Worker.
In former times, lead, silver, tin and copper were mined extensively on Dartmoor. The most obvious evidence of mining to the casual visitor to Dartmoor are the remains of the old engine-house at Wheal Betsy which is alongside the A386 road between Tavistock and Okehampton. The word Wheal has a particular meaning in Devon and Cornwall being either a tin or a copper mine, however in the case of Wheal Betsy it was principally lead and silver which were mined.
Once widely practised by many miners across the moor, by the early 1900s only a few tinners remained, and mining had almost completely ceased twenty years later. Some of the more significant mines were Eylesbarrow, Knock Mine, Vitifer Mine and Hexworthy Mine. The last active mine in the Dartmoor area was Great Rock Mine, which shut down in 1969.
Dartmoor granite has been used in many Devon and Cornish buildings. The prison at Princetown was built from granite taken from Walkhampton Common. When the horse tramroad from Plymouth to Princetown was completed in 1823, large quantities of granite were more easily transported.
The granite quarries around Haytor were the source of the stone used in several famous structures, including the New London Bridge, completed in 1831. This granite was transported from the moor via the Haytor Granite Tramway, stretches of which are still visible.
Peat-cutting for fuel occurred at some locations on Dartmoor until certainly the 1970s, usually for personal consumption. The right of Dartmoor commoners to cut peat for fuel is known as turbary. These rights were conferred a long time ago, predating most written records. The area once known as the Turbary of Alberysheved between the River Teign and the headwaters of the River Bovey is mentioned in the Perambulation of the Forest of Dartmoor of 1240 (by 1609 the name of the area had changed to Turf Hill).
An attempt was made to commercialise the cutting of peat in 1901 at Rattle Brook Head, however this quickly failed.
The significance of the term warren nowadays is not what it once was. In the Middle Ages it was a privileged place, and the creatures of the warren were protected by the king 'for his princely delight and pleasure'.
Until early in the 20th century, rabbits were kept on a commercial scale, both for their flesh and their fur. The evidence for this is plentiful as there are still extant a number of warrens which are manifestly man-made, and in place names such as Ditsworthy Warren and Warren House Inn. Also, whilst walking on Dartmoor near one of the many warrens, it is entirely possible that you might accidentally stumble into a weasel-trap, placed there originally to capture weasels and stoats attempting to get at the rabbits.
The subject of warrening on Dartmoor is addressed in Eden Phillpotts' story The River.
Farming has been practised on Dartmoor since time immemorial. The dry-stone walls which separate fields and mark boundaries give an idea of the extent to which the landscape has been shaped by farming. There is little or no arable farming within the moor, mostly being given over to livestock farming on account of the thin and rocky soil. Some Dartmoor farms are remote in the extreme.
The Dartmoor tin mining industry is thought to have originated in pre-Roman times, and continued right through to the 20th century. From the 12th century onwards tin mining was regulated by a Stannary Parliament which had its own laws.


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look up any word, like tex-sex:
A word that sprung up randomly sometime around June 2006 in the USA.
A word, usually used as an adverb, that can be used to emphasize or make greater of something you are saying.
(An adverb or adjective.)
Example 1 "Damn, that truck was assfully big!"
Example 2 "Ow! That beesting hurt assfully!"
Example 3: "That kid is being assfully bratty."
by Colin E. July 08, 2006
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Words related to assfully:
adverb adjective annoying ass assful bitchy full stupid usa


Dry sump lubrication in F1 engines
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The dry sump lubrication system is a design that intends to lubricate the engine's internal parts to provide optimal performance of the engine itself. It is currently the best system for high performance engines and is widely used in Formula One, Le Mans, IRL and other well known racing series.
Lubrication systems for a four-stroke, reciprocating piston engine can be categorised in just two groups: the wet sump design and the dry sump system. Both systems rely on an oil reservoir from which oil is drawn with a pump and spread around the engine for lubrication and cooling purposes. All oil is then allowed to flow back to the reservoir from where the cycle restarts.
Wet sump lubrication is the most widely used system as it is more cost efficient and perfectly adequate for normal passenger vehicles. In this design, the oil of the engine is stored in a sump located under the crankshaft as an integral part of the engine block. The oil pans' capacity can range from 3 to 7 litre, depending on the engine's size and purpose. From this pan, the oil is pumped up a pick-up tube and supplied to the engine under pressure. A wet sump design has several advantages, including its low cost, low weight and its simplicity. Because the sump is an internal part of the engine, there is no need for tubes to circulate the oil from the reservoir to the engine, reducing chances of leaks.
Despite its advantages, a wet sump system is unsuitable for racing purposes.Formula One cars for example experience lateral G-forces of up to 3G in mid corner. Such centrifugal accelleration would pull all oil to one side of the sump, possibly leaving the engine without oil for a short period. The latter phenomenon is also known as oil starvation. When performance and reliability matter, such a situation is unacceptable. To resolve this issue, the dry sump system was designed and is now in use in all major racing series.
The dry sump system literally keeps the sump of the engine dry and allows for it to be produced small, giving a further advantage to lower the engine's centre of gravity and reduce its empty weight. The design differs from a wet sump in its external oil tank. Again, the oil is pumped into the engine at elevated pressure and then flows down to the engine's sump. While it was previously held there, the oil is now sucked away from the engine by one or more scavenger pumps, run by belts or gears from the crankshaft, usually at around half the crank speed.
Application in Formula One
The oil tank attached ahead of the Toyota RVX106 engineAs mentioned, all current F1 engines include a dry sump system, quite simply because it is impossible to create a similar high revving engines with a wet sump system. Due to the engine freeze, all engines also have a similar layout as the fuel tank is located ahead of the engine, just behind the driver. The oil pump that rotates the oil through the engine is - as required by the regulations - driven by the crankshaft through gears.
One of the providers of the required high performing lubricants is Shell, the supplier of Ferrari. Shell Technology Manager for Ferrari, Dr. Lisa Lilley explains: "Engine lubricant is critical. The very lifeblood of the engine, its job is to protect the moving parts from mechanical wear, reduce friction and power loss and cool the engine as it endures extreme track conditions. It takes a good engine lubricant to achieve just the right balance of these characteristics, while ensuring the car's performance is optimised, no energy is wasted and maximum power is delivered to the engine."
The first job of Shell Helix is to protect all the moving parts that rub together from mechanical wear. The oil is fed to the bearings of the camshafts to lubricate, minimising friction and wear, thereby enhancing the engine's reliability. The enormous forces required to open the valves quickly enough at 19,000 rev/min must also be transmitted through a lubricant effectively and without failure.
The engine is exposed to extreme conditions and high temperatures as it turns. The 'multi-tasking' lubricant is designed to take away the heat, controlling the engine temperature and preventing the heat from having a detrimental affect. The ability of an engine oil to cool as well as lubricate is often overlooked. Pistons can exceed temperatures of 300°C; engine oil is sprayed on the underside of the pistons to keep them cool - without this extra protection they would undoubtedly fail in a race.
When you consider that the oil flow around the engine is faster than the speed of the Ferrari Formula One car, this gives you an idea of the extreme conditions in a Formula One engine," says Dr. Lilley. "At Shell we have a team dedicated to tailoring Shell Helix engine oil for the Ferrari so that we can ensure reliability and protection but we can also guarantee the car is receiving the most horsepower possible."
The oil reservoir in front of a F1 engine Lubricated camshaft
Oil is pumped from the "dry sump" oil tank on the front of the engine into the "distribution network" within the cylinder block and heads, which ensures it gets directly to all critical engine components Lubricant is fed to the bearings of the camshafts to minimise friction and wear and also to lubricate the critical cam-to-follower interfaces, where the enormous forces required to open the valves quickly enough at 19,000 rev/min must be transmitted through a layer of lubricant efficiently and without failure
Crankshaft lubrication Oil is sprayed on the cylinders to provide cooling
The lubricant is fed down the middle of the crankshaft, coming out inside the bearings to keep them working. The lubricant flung off these bearings then creates a film on the cylinder walls, on which the pistons and rings run smoothly to ensure minimum power losses and mechanical wear The lubricant squirts onto the underside of the pistons from small nozzles on the distribution network, to take away heat
Oil is sucked away by the scavenge pumps Ferrari cutout engine view
The used lubricant is sucked away from the bottom of the crankcase by the scavenge pumps, to be cooled in radiators and returned to the oil tank, refreshed and ready to start its circuit of the engine again The "camera" exits the engine, showing a fully lubricated engine
Simulation images by Shell motorsport


Using Code Map to understand C++ Android code
This tutorial shows how to use the CodeMap feature of Visual Studio to understand the structure of complex C++ code. We will show it based on the san-angeles demo built using vs-android, however it will also work for all other VisualGDB project types.
 1. Install VisualGDB 5.0 or later (ensure that "Android Edition" is checked in the installer). This will add support for debugging and Clang-based IntelliSense to vs-android projects.
 2. Ensure you can build and debug the san-angeles project by following this tutorial.
 3. Open the san-angeles project and go to the drawModels function in demo.c:01-drawmodels
 4. The first thing we will investigate using code map is that drawModels() function that appears to be called repeatedly is calling seedRandom() each time with the same value. That supposedly resets the state of the random number generator. Let's use the code map to understand what is affected by this. Right-click on seedRandom() and select "show on code map":02-map
 5. A new Code Map window will appear. Right-click on seedRandom in that window and select "show referenced data":03-data
 6. You will see that seedRandom accesses the sRandomSeed variable. Right-click on it and select "Show functions referencing this":04-randomseed
 7. Now you will see that sRandomSeed is also accessed by randomUInt():05-2calls
 8. Now we need to figure out the context in which both functions are called. Select both of them by holding the ctrl key, right-click and select "Show functions calling this": 06-callers
 9. Now you will see all functions in the project that call the two random number functions we found. However, this is not enough to see the big picture:07-4callers
 10. Repeat the previous step (selecting newly found functions) twice more until you see the functions called by the Java framework (starting with Java_):08-jnifuncsNow the big picture is clear: the random functions are mainly involved during app initialization and the only other place that calls them is the drawModels() function itself. Hence, resetting the random seed inside drawModels() does not affect the behavior of other functions.
 11. Now let's use Code Map to quickly find functions related to the GLObject struct. First of all, select any of the GLObject's fields and select "Show on Code Map":09-globject
 12. Then right-click on it and select "Show containing type":10-showtype
 13. Right-click on the type, select "Show type contents", then select all fields, right-click select "Show functions referencing this":11-showrefs
 14. You will now see all functions that directly reference fields of GLObject:12-objectfuncs
 15. By highlighting all objects and repeatedly selecting "Show functions calling this" you can easily see the big picture:13-objlifetimeThe Code Map now clearly shows how the objects are created during initialization, used during the render calls and destroyed during the de-initialization. You can double-click on any of the functions or fields to quickly jump to the code and examine the function contents.


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Boot parameters are Linux kernel parameters which are generally used to make sure that peripherals are dealt with properly. For the most part, the kernel can auto-detect information about your peripherals. However, in some cases you'll have to help the kernel a bit.
If this is the first time you're booting the system, try the default boot parameters (i.e., don't try setting parameters) and see if it works correctly. It probably will. If not, you can reboot later and look for any special parameters that inform the system about your hardware.
Information on many boot parameters can be found in the Linux BootPrompt HOWTO, including tips for obscure hardware. This section contains only a sketch of the most salient parameters. Some common gotchas are included below in Section 5.3, "Troubleshooting the Installation Process".
When the kernel boots, a message
should be emitted early in the process.
total should match the total amount of RAM,
in kilobytes. If this doesn't match the actual amount of RAM you have
installed, you need to use the
ram is set to the amount of memory,
suffixed with "k" for kilobytes, or "m" for
megabytes. For example, both
mem=64m mean 64MB of RAM.
If you are booting with a serial console, generally the kernel will
If you have a videocard (framebuffer) and a keyboard also attached to
the computer which you wish to boot via serial console, you may have
to pass the
argument to the kernel, where
your serial device, which is usually something like
The installation system recognizes a few additional boot parameters which may be useful.
A number of parameters have a "short form" that helps avoid the limitations of the kernel command line options and makes entering the parameters easier. If a parameter has a short form, it will be listed in brackets behind the (normal) long form. Examples in this manual will normally use the short form too.
This parameter sets the lowest priority of messages to be displayed.
The default installation uses
This means that both high and critical priority messages are shown, but medium
and low priority messages are skipped.
If problems are encountered, the installer adjusts the priority as needed.
If you add
priority=medium as boot parameter, you
will be shown the installation menu and gain more control over the installation.
priority=low is used, all messages are shown
(this is equivalent to the expert boot method).
priority=critical, the installation system
will display only critical messages and try to do the right thing without fuss.
This boot parameter controls the type of user interface used for the installer. The current possible parameter settings are:
The default frontend is
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=text may be preferable for
serial console installs. Generally, only the
newt frontend is available on default install
media. On architectures that support it, the graphical installer uses
Setting this boot parameter to 2 will cause the installer's boot process to be verbosely logged. Setting it to 3 makes debug shells available at strategic points in the boot process. (Exit the shells to continue the boot process.)
This is the default.
More verbose than usual.
Lots of debugging information.
Shells are run at various points in the boot process to allow detailed debugging. Exit the shell to continue the boot.
The value of the parameter is the path to the device to load the
Debian installer from. For example,
The boot floppy, which normally scans all floppies it can to find the root floppy, can be overridden by this parameter to only look at the one device.
Can be used to force the installer to a lowmem level higher than the one the installer sets by default based on available memory. Possible values are 1 and 2. See also Section 184.108.40.206, "Check available memory / low memory mode".
Some architectures use the kernel framebuffer to offer installation in
a number of languages. If framebuffer causes a problem on your system
you can disable the feature by the parameter
fb=false. Problem symptoms are error messages
about bterm or bogl, a blank screen, or a freeze within a few minutes after
starting the install.
Such problems have been reported on hppa.
A theme determines how the user interface of the installer looks (colors,
icons, etc.). What themes are available differs per frontend. Currently
both the newt and gtk frontends only have a "dark" theme that was
designed for visually impaired users. Set the theme by booting with
By default, the
debian-installer automatically probes for network configuration
via DHCP. If the probe succeeds, you won't have a chance to review and
change the obtained settings. You can get to the manual network setup
only in case the DHCP probe fails.
If you have a DHCP server on your local network, but want to avoid it
because e.g. it gives wrong answers, you can use the parameter
netcfg/disable_dhcp=true to prevent configuring
the network with DHCP and to enter the information manually.
false to prevent starting PCMCIA
services, if that causes problems. Some laptops are well known for
true to enable support for Serial ATA RAID
(also called ATA RAID, BIOS RAID or fake RAID) disks in the installer.
Note that this support is currently experimental. Additional information
can be found on the Debian Installer Wiki.
Specify the url to a preconfiguration file to download and use for automating the install. See Section 4.4, "Automatic Installation".
Specify the path to a preconfiguration file to load for automating the install. See Section 4.4, "Automatic Installation".
true to display questions even if they have
been preseeded. Can be useful for testing or debugging a preconfiguration
file. Note that this will have no effect on parameters that are passed as
boot parameters, but for those a special syntax can be used.
See Section B.5.2, "Using preseeding to change default values" for details.
Delay questions that are normally asked before preseeding is possible until after the network is configured. See Section B.2.3, "Auto mode" for details about using this to automate installs.
During installations from serial or management console, the regular
virtual consoles (VT1 to VT6) are normally disabled in
true to prevent this.
By default, before rebooting,
debian-installer automatically ejects the optical
media used during the installation. This can be unnecessary if the system
does not automatically boot off the CD. In some cases it may even be
undesirable, for example if the optical drive cannot reinsert the media
itself and the user is not there to do it manually. Many slot loading,
slim-line, and caddy style drives cannot reload media automatically.
false to disable automatic ejection, and
be aware that you may need to ensure that the system does not
automatically boot from the optical drive after the initial
By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated
using a known gpg key. Set to
disable that authentication.
Warning: insecure, not recommended.
true to enter rescue mode rather than
performing a normal installation. See Section 8.7, "Recovering a Broken System".
With some exceptions, a value can be set at the boot prompt for any question asked during the installation, though this is only really useful in specific cases. General instructions how to do this can be found in Section B.2.2, "Using boot parameters to preseed questions". Some specific examples are listed below.
Can be used to set both the language and country for the installation.
This will only work if the locale is supported in Debian.
For example, use
locale=de_CH to select German as
language and Switzerland as country.
Can be used to automatically load installer components that are not loaded
Examples of optional components that may be useful are
openssh-client-udeb (so you can use
scp during the installation) and
ppp-udeb (see Section D.4, "Installing Debian GNU/Linux using PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)").
true if you want to disable DHCP and instead
force static network configuration.
By default the installer will use the http protocol to download files from
Debian mirrors and changing that to ftp is not possible during installations
at normal priority. By setting this parameter to
you can force the installer to use that protocol instead. Note that you
cannot select an ftp mirror from a list, you have to enter the hostname
Can be used to select tasks that are not available from the interactive task
list, such as the
See Section 220.127.116.11, "Selecting and Installing Software" for additional information.
If drivers are compiled into the kernel, you can pass parameters to them as described in the kernel documentation. However, if drivers are compiled as modules and because kernel modules are loaded a bit differently during an installation than when booting an installed system, it is not possible to pass parameters to modules as you would normally do. Instead, you need to use a special syntax recognized by the installer which will then make sure that the parameters are saved in the proper configuration files and will thus be used when the modules are actually loaded. The parameters will also be propagated automatically to the configuration for the installed system.
Note that it is now quite rare that parameters need to be passed to modules. In most cases the kernel will be able to probe the hardware present in a system and set good defaults that way. However, in some situations it may still be needed to set parameters manually.
The syntax to use to set parameters for modules is:
If you need to pass multiple parameters to the same or different


How to Work Smarter Through Network Analytics
What is network analytics? It is a software engine that analyzes the results that are pooled together through data collection. These results can come from many different sources. For example routers, servers, or a configuration database.
These processes are also automated and can be used for many different devices. They can furthermore improve the experience of the user and do not drastically increase costs in doing so.
Collecting Data
Data can be collected in three different ways. The first way is "deep packet inspection." This uses a software-designated application that can perceive the correspondence that is being used. The second is "streaming telemetry" which cuts down the lag in the data compilation.
Telemetry has the breakdown of anything, it can be complex, or have application-specific numbers. The more telemetry a system can stream the better the results that are used to make more accurate decisions.
The third is "context." This is when a certain circumstance in which a system irregularity occurs. Similar irregularities in different circumstances can require a different setup. When this happens the analytics engine should be arranged with the variables for the context. For instance the network type or the application.
Data Scanning
After the data is collected from all the different sources, the software program then begins to analyze it. This analysis can correlate the present state with the model of perfect performance. When there are discrepancies the program might suggest improvements, or show its findings to an upgraded program.
Most of these analytical engines offer advice on how well the program carries out the tasks through "Decision Trees." The decision tree measures the best network device alteration to advance the performance of that variable.
The decision tree expands depending on the number of sources pouring through the telemetry and the number of choices for creating better performance.
Furthermore when comparing the cloud to local analytics, consider the power for processing and the communication between other networks. The cloud-hosted analytics advance from the updated algorithms in the data.
When the analytics engine is local, it is displayed as more insightful, and has more useful advice for performance as well. Both processes should be considered, including the cloud for larger calculating sources, then the local analytics for huge increases in performance.
It can also detect what apps are being used, so you can determine which apps can be cleaned off to be using your network the most efficiently.
All the information collected from network analytics can be serviceable in several different tasks. For example, identifying connected endpoints or evaluating the health of devices.
Furthermore, when a data source is detected as a discrepancy the analytics engine provides improvements to solve the problem.
Another benefit is when an endpoint is identified, the network analytics looks inside the traffic to pick up on the protocols. Then it will correspond with the data from other sources and build a profile for the endpoint.
Additionally, when it comes to catching incoming security issues, the network analytics watches the endpoint route to pick up on anomalies. This can display that the endpoint could be compromised. All of these are just some of the great benefits that come from network analytics.
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The Manager, Global Publications Oncology is responsible for managing the development and execution of publications strategies for programs that are in phase 1 or higher. This position requires a strong scientific and analytical background, preferably in life sciences and strong project management skills. The person in this job is expected to perform well in a matrix environment. The Manager, Global Publications Oncology will participate in the development of strategic publication plans; lead the publications planning team; manage the development of publications activities for external audiences, including, but not limited to, manuscripts, abstracts, posters, and oral presentations; manage vendors, freelancers, and available contractors, writers, and editors; and manage annual budget planning for each assigned compound. The individual in this role will be responsible for driving the publications process and ensuring compliance with global standards, and for ensuring accuracy and scientific rigor of publications. The Manager, Global Publications Oncology will participate in the development and review of publications SOPs and Work Practices, where appropriate.
The individual in this role will interact with cross-functional internal stakeholders, including members of R&D, Translational Medicine, and Outcomes Research, as well as other departments within Global Medical Affairs, Compliance, Legal, Marketing, and other Takeda business units (eg, Vaccines). The Manager, Global Publications Oncology will serve as primary liaison with internal and external opinion leaders, investigators, authors, partners, and affiliates on publication activities related to the compounds/programs.
The Manager, Global Publications Oncology is also responsible for understanding the disease landscape and competition for the compounds they work with. They will work with the Competitive Intelligence group and Global Medical Affairs Medical Communications colleagues to analyze congress abstracts and presentations a role that will require the Manager, Global Publications Oncology to be a subject matter expert.
- Publication management early and late phase projects
- Work with cross-functional, multidisciplinary teams to support the development, management, and execution of global or regionally integrated strategic publication plans that align with product medical strategies and medical communication plans
- Have a strong understanding of agent disease state, including landscape and competition
- Lead cross-functional publication planning team meetings
- Initiate communication with authors; identify all necessary data required for content development; participate in author meetings to facilitate content discussion and ensure appropriate content development process is followed
- Critically review publications including, but not limited to, manuscripts, abstracts, posters, and oral presentations, for accuracy and scientific rigor; manage and facilitate the content review process, including collating reviewer comments and having discussions with authors and reviewers
- Commitment to ethical practices in the preparation and dissemination of publications
- Ensure compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, and policies
- Interact directly with Clinical, Statistics, Regulatory Affairs, and Medical Affairs to fully understand development programs, regulatory and medical strategies, and key scientific and communication objectives for the therapeutic area and develop appropriate scientific publications.
- Effectively and consistently communicate the publication strategy, tactical plan, and plan progress to internal business partners
- Manage medical writing agency, including oversight on execution of publications plans and budget, and maintenance of publications management databases such as Datavision
- Manage alliance partnerships
- Input into the process development and refinement, as/if needed
- Coordinate, plan, and manage publications budget for assigned program(s) in close collaboration with GMAO Operations team
- Provide medical and scientific review of Global Medical Affairs Oncology materials (and, if required, promotional materials) to support the medical (and promotional) review process
- Contribute to the development of content for Global Medical Affairs projects, including but not limited to, NCCN compendia, training materials, global congress plan, and medical resource tools, as needed
- Serve as the Global Publications representative on relevant Global Medical Strategy Team
- Attend conferences, symposia, or other meetings, as necessary or as assigned, and act as liaison between Global Publications Oncology and external content contributors
- Presentation and Writing Proficiency
- Excellent ability to interpret and present scientific and clinical trial data to a variety of audiences, along with a strong understanding of statistics
- Excellent writing skills coupled with a comprehensive knowledge of the publication process and publication guidelines, along with careful attention to detail
EDUCATION, EXPERIENCE, KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS:
Education and Experience:
Advanced degree (PhD, PharmD) in a scientific discipline 2+ years of healthcare or related experience (medical communications agency, pharmaceutical industry, research or academic), including medical writing experience Medical Affairs and Oncology experience strongly preferred. Excellent written and verbal communication skills
- Experience in medical communications functions, which may include publications, medical information, and/or training.
- Understanding of pharmaceutical clinical development and product life-cycle management
Working experience in cross-functional team within the pharmaceutical or related industry
- Strategic Approach: Ability to identify opportunities and anticipate changes in the business landscape through an understanding and ongoing assessment of the environment
- Collaboration: Ability to cultivate a broad network of relationships throughout the organization, connecting global, regional and local organizations. Requires experience and success in working in a matrix, cross-functional environment; excellent collaboration skills; experience working across functions to achieve results
- Engage Others: Ability to create a clear and unifying vision inspiring teams to excel
- Drive for Results: Creates functional strategies and goals that are closely aligned with company objectives and develops metrics to track and assess performance
- Creativity and innovation: Ability to contribute to data analytics and publications planning, including ideas for sub-analyses
- Compliance and regulatory: Excellent understanding of regulatory, compliance and legal requirements
- Technical skills: Advanced PC skills, including Datavision, MS Project, Word, Excel, Power Point, Visio and SharePoint
Up to 10% domestic and international travel required
Empowering Our People to Shine
Learn more at takedajobs.com.
No Phone Calls or Recruiters Please.


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Chore: the word itself sounds like a downer, but teaching your children about responsibility and good behavior is one of the most important lessons they will learn growing up. However, as we're celebrating in Personality Week, every child is unique–with different attitudes, preferences, and abilities. So, how do you create a chore chart that is tailored specifically for your child, to help her develop in the ways she needs most?
The key is working with your child to create a chore chart with her input. A generic chore chart may not motivate as well as one that's been tailored specifically for your child, so here are four ways to get her involved in the chore chart-creation process:
1) Identify current daily chores. Using a piece of paper, ask your child to either draw or write what she sees as her current chores or responsibilities. After your child is finished, have a discussion explaining which chores she thinks she excels in, and which she feels she could do better. Let your child drive this conversation as a way to encourage self-awareness.
2) Make a behavior list. Ask your child to draw a line down the middle of a piece of paper and write two lists of behaviors: with one side being good behavior (i.e. being kind), and the other side a list of not-so-good behaviors (i.e. teasing). Again, this is a very specific and personal conversation between you and your child. Once the list is complete, ask your child to circle which behaviors she feels most challenged with (or wants to improve in), and add those to your chore chart.
3) Select a few chores to start in the near future. After you have made a list of current chores and behaviors your child will focus on, ask her to identify a few activities that can be goals for the future. For example, your child may currently set the table for dinner, and has added that to her responsibility chart. The logical next step may be to work on a goal that teaches her to do the dishes (or load the dishwasher). One way to reach this goal would be to work on a "chore upgrade" – after a few weeks of solid performance in setting the table, "upgrade" to the next "level" of chore (you may want to consider accompanying this upgrade with a reward).
4) Choose rewards that mean something special to your child. To make rewards sustainable (both logistically and financially) consider choosing a special activity or privilege that your child can earn by doing her chores. Let her choose the next movie for movie night, activity for game night, or take her on a special "date" to reward a job well done. If she would like to earn a special new toy, use this as an opportunity to teach the value of money, and how to "save up" for larger rewards.


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Coal-fired steam units produce electricity by burning coal in a boiler to heat water to produce steam. The steam, at tremendous pressure, flows into a turbine, which spins a generator to produce electricity. The steam is cooled, condensed back into water, and returned to the boiler to start the process over.For example, the coal-fired boilers plant in Indonesia heat water to about 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit (540 degrees Celsius) to create steam. The steam is piped to the turbines at pressures of more than 1,800 pounds per square inch (130 kilograms per square centimeter). The turbines are connected to the generators and spin them at 3600 revolutions per minute to make alternating current electricity at 20,000 volts. River water is pumped through tubes in a condenser to cool and condense the steam coming out of the turbines.
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Calculating Number of MG's of Iodine per Drop of Lugol's Solution: LUGOL'S 5%: Each VERTICAL drop is about 6.25 mg of iodine. (The correct way to make a drop is to hold the dropper vertical ) HORIZONTAL drops - when the dropper is held side to side there is twice as much iodine per drop. Approximately 12.5 mg
LUGOL'S 2%: Approximately 1/2 half the above measurements
Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland's proper performance of its work. All the blood in the body passes through the thyroid gland every 17 minutes. Because the cells making up this gland have an affinity for iodine, during this 17-minute passage the gland's secretion of iodine kills weak germs that may have gained entry into the blood through an injury to the skin, the lining of nose or throat, or through absorption of food from the digestive tract. Strong, virulent germs are rendered weaker during their passage through the thyroid gland. With each 17 minutes that rolls around they are made still weaker until finally they are killed if the gland has its normal supply of iodine. If it does not, it cannot kill harmful germs circulating in the blood as Nature intended it should.
Sudden, large doses of iodine may impair the production of thyroid hormones, causing hypothyroidism temporarily in someone with otherwise normal thyroid function. Excessive iodine intake can also increase the risk for other thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto's, Graves', certain thyroid cancers, and thyrotoxicosis (a dangerous condition due to an excessive amount of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream). For these reasons, iodine supplementation is not recommended for people who live in areas where iodine levels are sufficient.
It may be harmful to take more iodine than is typically consumed per day (160 to 600 micrograms [mcg]) from table salt. Daily intake of 2,000 mcg iodine may be toxic, particularly in people with kidney disease or tuberculosis.
Lugol's iodine, also known as Lugol's solution, first made in 1829, is a solution of iodine named after the French physician, J.G.A. Lugol. Lugol's iodine solution is often used as an antiseptic and disinfectant, a starch indicator, to replenish iodine deficiency, to protect the thyroid gland from radioactive materials (e.g. "fallout"), and for emergency disinfection of drinking water.
Lugol's was often used in the treatment of gout and was used as a first line treatment for hypothyroidism in adults. 'Painting' the soles of the feet with Lugol's before retiring for the night allowed the body to absorb what it needed from the soles. If, upon waking, the Lugol's was gone it meant that the body had taken what it needed and needed more. Painting was done on a nightly basis and as treatment progressed, the need for the solution diminished because the body rebuilt its stores and thus absorbed less and less over each 24 hour period until none was absorbed at all. It was also prescribed internally (e.g., 2 drops in drinking water 3x/day) but because of its taste (metallic) and the fact that it stained, many physicians chose the painting method of treatment.
It consists of 5% iodine (I2) and 10% potassium iodide (KI) in distilled water with a total iodine content of 130 mg/mL. Potassium iodide is added to render the iodine water-soluble.
Other names for Lugol's solution are IKI (Iodine Potassium-Iodide); Iodine, Strong solution (Systemic); Aqueous Iodine Solution BP.
Historically, Lugol's was widely available and used for a number of health problems with some precautions. Lugol's is sometimes prescribed in a variety of alternative medical treatments. Lugol's solution is available over the counter in the USA as of January 2007, although the DEA is considering a public ban on all iodine solutions of greater than 2.2% because iodine is required for the production of methamphetamine. Lugols is available over the counter in Canada.
Following the Chernobyl nuclear reactor disaster in April 1986, Lugol's iodine was given to 10.5 million children and 7 million adults in Poland, as a remedy to the possible accumulation of radioactive iodine-131 in the thyroid.
Many organs in the body require iodine to function normally, especially breast tissue. Studies have confirmed a link between fibrocystic breast disease and lack of iodine in a woman's diet. Recent studies have confirmed an increase in breast cancer since manufacturers eliminated iodine from bread approximately 20 years ago and replaced it with bromine. Bromine is toxic to the thyroid gland as well.
Nowadays, Lugol's iodine is given for thyroid storm and pre-operatively.
Lugol's Iodine Solution Cures Salmonella Poisoning
WARNING: DO NOT TRY THIS IF YOU ARE ALLERGIC TO IODINE!!
Here is a remedy that's been around quite a long time. It stops Salmonella poisoning immediately. Also used to treat Giardia. If you have gas and bloating and suspect Salmonella poisoning, here's the recipe:
1/2 glass of water.
Add 6 drops of Lugol's Iodine Solution.
Stir and drink in entirety.
You will feel better within an hour. Take this 4x a day, after meals and at bedtime, for 3 days in a row, then as needed.
Using Iodine to Purify Your Water
Iodine is a very effective method for water purification. Iodine destroys bacteria, viruses and cysts, and its action is dependent on its concentration, the water temperature and duration of contact. A concentration of 8 mgs per litre at 20 degrees centigrade, will destroy all pathogens if left for 10 minutes. Lower concentrations and lower water temperatures require a longer duration of action.
Various preparations of iodine are available, including tincture of iodine, iodine crystals and tablets. Manufacturers instructions should be followed in each case. With tincture of iodine, adequate levels are normally achieved by using 4 drops to 1 litre of water or one drop to a glass. As with all halogens it is less effective against cryptosporidia.
Iodine has been used safely for periods of several months, however it is not known whether there are adverse effects associated with longer term use. Those with a history of thyroid disease or iodine allergy, the pregnant and the very young may be advised against using iodine for water purification.
The taste of iodine can be largely removed by neutralising the iodine, after it has had time to work, with dissolvable vitamin C tablets, lime or lemon juice. It should be noted that this also stops the disinfectant action, so care should be taken to prevent recontamination of water.
Tincture of Iodine: USP tincture of iodine contains 2% iodine and 2.4% sodium iodide dissolved in 50% ethyl alcohol. For water purification use, the sodium iodide has no purification effect, but contributes to the total iodine dose. Thus it is not a preferred source of iodine, but can be used if other sources are not available. 0.4 cc's (or 8 drops) of USP tincture (2% iodine) added to a liter of water will give the 8 mg/l (same as 8 PPM). If the iodine tincture isn't compounded to USP specs, then you will have to calculate an equal dose based on the iodine concentration.
Lugol's solution: Contains 5% iodine and 10% potassium iodide. 0.15 cc (3 drops) can be added per liter of water, but 3 times more iodine is consumed compared to sources without iodide.
Betadyne (povidone iodine) Some have recommended 8 drops of 10% povidone iodine per liter of water as a water treatment method, claiming that at low concentrations povidone iodine can be regarded as a solution of iodine. One study indicated that at 1:10,000 dilution (2 drops/liter), there was 2 PPM iodine, while another study resulted in conflicting results. However, at 8 drops/liter, there is little doubt that there is an antimicrobial effect. The manufacturer hasn't spent the money on testing this product against EPA standard tests, but in other countries it has been sold for use in field water treatment.
Iodine Fact Sheet
Iodine is a trace mineral produced by the body that is essential for normal growth and development. Seventy to eighty percent of iodine is found in the thyroid gland in the neck. The rest is distributed throughout the body, particularly in the ovaries, muscles, and blood. A deficiency of iodine can lead to hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone levels); symptoms of this condition include sluggishness, weight gain, and sensitivity to temperature changes. In infants and children, hypothyroidism can impair physical and mental development.
The classic sign of iodine deficiency is an enlarged thyroid gland. Some people with hypothyroidism develop an extremely large thyroid, known as goiter. Today, iodine deficiencies in the United States and other developed countries are rare because table salt is supplemented with iodine and crops in developed countries are generally grown in iodine-rich soil. In developing countries


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The fastest, most economical way to produce new houseplants is to divide them from existing ones. This technique works well with the commonly available indoor plants listed at far right. They multiply by offsets ― little plants that form along the sides of the parent. The offsets are usually connected to the parent by a single root that's easy to sever.
You can replant the offsets in smaller pots to display around the house or to give as gifts. Or you could organize a party to make dozens of small potted plants to sell as fund-raisers for schools or garden clubs.
How many offspring can you part from a parent? We separated three Chinese evergreen plants from a single parent. We know of one gardener who netted 14 new plants from a single Spathiphyllum in a 6-inch pot that cost $6.95 at the supermarket.
Once you've potted the divisions, treat them with extra care until their roots become established. Keep the soil consistently moist. Give them bright light but no direct sun. Don't fertilize new divisions for at least six months.
1. The night before you divide it, thoroughly soak the parent plant by placing it in a sink or bucket filled with water so that the top of the pot is just below the water.
2. Spread newspaper or plastic sheeting on a work surface. Carefully remove the plant from the nursery pot.
3. Gently shake excess soil from the root mass so you can clearly see the natural divisions between the offsets.
4. Pry the parent plant apart into individual divisions, as shown here, taking care to break as few roots as possible.
5. Immediately replant the divisions in 4-inch or larger pots filled with fresh potting mix. Three Chinese evergreen plants were separated from the parent pictured at left.
6. Water the divisions thoroughly to keep the soil evenly moist (but not soggy) until new roots form.
Purchase plants in 6-inch or larger pots. The following tolerate low indoor light and require little care.
Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata 'Bostoniensis')
Cast-iron plant (Aspidistra elatior and A. e. 'Variegata')
Chinese evergreen (Aglaonema modestum)
Haworthia attenuata and H. fasciata
Snake plant (Sansevieria trifasciata)
Spathiphyllum (S. wallisii 'Clevelandii', S. 'Mauna Loa', and S. 'Sensation')
Western maidenhair fern (Adiantum aleuticum)


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What are the costs to Relocate A Birds Nest
What are the costs to Relocate A Birds Nest
What are the costs to Relocate A Birds Nest
What are the costs to Relocate A Birds Nest
While birders might take pleasure in playing host to nesting birds and enjoying parents raise their young, birds do not always build their nests in safe or ideal areas. Before removing bird nests, however, it is essential to understand local laws including wildlife removal along with whether eliminating the nest is safe and comfy for the birds.
A lot of birds are protected species and tampering with or removing a nest or eggs might lead to large fines or other penalties. In the United States, for instance, it is illegal to get rid of or damage any active nest from a native bird species, defined as a nest with eggs or brooding adults in it.
Nests of invasive birds, such as house sparrows or European starlings, however, are not safeguarded at any time. Laws in other nations might differ, and before interfering with any nest, it is best to properly determine the bird types and discover how local laws might use to your actions. Illustration: The Spruce, 2018 In certain situations it might be needed and preferable to eliminate bird nests, both for security and benefit.
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The nest is presently unused and has actually become shabby and hazardous for future usage. The nest remains in a birdhouse that needs to be cleaned up out for future locals or winter use. The nest remains in a dangerous place and brooding birds could end up being stressed out or hurt. In many cases, it is only after the nesting season has ended and the birds have actually moved on that nests can and must be eliminated.
Unsafe locations generally consist of: Near a door or hectic walkwayInside a rain gutter or drain pipeInside connected clothes dryer ventsOn equipment, such as a grill or yard mowerInside an active chimney. Balanced on a cars and truck bumper or tireIn any extremely active location, such as on play area devices, in a building and construction zone, or inside a storage facility If birds have developed their nests in these kinds of places, it is best to get rid of the nest and prevent the birds from restoring in the exact same spot.
It might likewise be possible to move the nest to a more secure place nearby. The moms and dad birds will go back to the nearby nest to continue raising their young, and after the news have left, actions can be taken to keep the grownups from recycling the hazardous place. Some nests must never ever be gotten rid of unless the appropriate wildlife authorities are consulted or there are absolutely no other choices to keep the nesting birds safe.
Local techniques to Bird Control Solutions
When it is safe and proper to get rid of a bird's nest, care should be taken so the nest is properly eliminated. Confirm the nest for any staying eggs or chicks, and wait to be sure the healthy birds have actually all been out of the nest for numerous days before starting any elimination.
Which experts - Relocate A Birds Nest by relied on companiesWhich experts – Relocate A Birds Nest by relied on companies
Use gloves when handling the nest to secure against contamination from mites, bacteria, or other parasites that may have infected the nest. Tiny bugs may be almost difficult to see in the nesting particles, or the nest might be contaminated with various types of germs or mold that might affect humans.
Nesting product will naturally decay, or might even be reused by other nesting birds. Tidy the location where the nest lay, using a solution of one part chlorine bleach to nine parts water. Note: It is not required to clean a tree or bush where a nest lay, however do clean any synthetic surface areas close by, such as a rain gutter, roof, hanging bracket, or nesting shelf.
Where to find companies that Bird Control Solutions
If you do not desire birds reusing the exact same Bristol area after you have eliminated a nest, it will be necessary to take actions to prevent birds from restoring. Altering the shape of the surface where the birds constructed their nest by adding a slanted board or spikes to make it less inviting will assist discourage nesting.
Local techniques to Remove A Birds Nest In The UkCommon tricks to Can You Remove A Brids Nest Near Me
Alertness at the beginning of the nesting season will be vital, and removing nests before they are completed will assist urge risky birds to move to a various area to raise their households. Watching nesting birds is constantly a reward, however there are times when a nest is not placed appropriately either for birds or birders.
All wild bird species, their eggs and nests are protected by law. You must constantly try to prevent harming birds or to utilize procedures which do not kill or hurt them prior to thinking about taking harmful action. In the majority of cases you need to be able to prevent hurting wild birds by: timing your work to avoid the reproducing season utilizing a series of techniques that discourage but do not damage them In exceptional cases the law permits specific exemptions to permit legal activities (such as a development with planning authorization) and where avoiding damage isn't possible.
Most used tricks to Bird Nest Removal Service Near Me
If wild birds are triggering you issues, there are ways to handle them lawfully. It's often legal to hunt some species of bird, such as video game birds. You're breaking the law if you: deliberately kill, injure or take wild birds deliberately take, damage or damage a wild bird's nest while it's being used or constructed deliberately take or ruin a wild bird's egg have, manage or transfer live or dead wild birds, or parts of them, or their eggs sell wild birds or put them on display for sale use restricted approaches to eliminate or take wild birds Some birds, referred to as 'schedule 1 birds', eg barn owls, have additional legal protection.
Most used tricks to Remove A Birds Nest In The Uk Near MeWhat are the costs to Bird Nest Removal Service
These activities can impact wild birds, especially throughout reproducing season: trimming or cutting trees, bushes, hedges and rough plant life remodeling, converting or demolishing a building producing disruption, eg noise, lighting and vibration acting to avoid problems, eg shooting birds or removing nests There are no licensing functions to allow advancement or construction however there are methods you can continue advancement or construction when birds are present.
You should make sure that you can comply totally with the terms of the exemption so that you do not break the law. You can make an application for a licence from Natural England in certain scenarios and for specific issues. Licences are offered for troubling or harming birds for a restricted number of reasons that consist of: protect public health and safety maintain air security do work for science, education or research prevent damage to crops or animal feed save plants and animals (consisting of other wild birds) avoid damage to fisheries take part in photography, falconry, keeping or reproducing birds in Bristol. Find out what's included for building and construction that affects protected types.
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The Liwerant Center for the Study of Latin America, Spain, Portugal and their Jewish Communities at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem is situated at the intersection between Humanities and Social Sciences, thus promoting disciplinary convergences and theoretical and methodological pluralism.
Main Fields of Research and Activities:
- Latin-American and Iberian civilization: new topics, issues and perspectives in history, sociology, politics and international relations. Coping with Multiple Modernities. Globalization processes – national, regional and world dimensions.
- Ibero-America, culture and literature: Disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to the study of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American literature, the intersection and dialogue between Iberoamerican literature and Jewish culture.
- Contemporary Jewish life: Collective Jewish identities and processes of individualization. Shifting patterns of Jewish religiosity and ethnicity.
- Jewish communities: New institutional perspectives; changing borders and patterns of communal organization; interactions between public sphere and private domains.
- Israel-Latin America relations: bilateral and multilateral dynamics.
- Israel-Diaspora interactions in comparative perspective. Convergences and divergences.
- Transnationalism today. Redefining and expanding Jewish frontiers: Migration flows and relocation of Jewish life and culture. Jewish Diasporas generated by Ibero-American matrix.


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Fly Fishing Equipment: The Basic Choices in Reels
This article discusses the basics of choosing a fly fishing reel which is right for what you intended to do. Fly fishing reels do two things. They store fly line, and they provide drag against a fish as it fights once landed. Most are made from aluminum. Be sure to check the quality of the reel - some cast molded aluminum reels are made cheaply, and can break more easily than solid block models. Beyond that, two different types of reels exist for the fly fisherman: the Spring and Pawl, and the Disc Drag reel.
The Spring and Pawl Fly Reel This is the traditional fly fishing reel. Its advantage is that it provides for a very smooth, even pull-out as lighter, more sensitively-mouthed fish (like smaller trout) draw on the line. Particularly when using lighter tippets, this type is a good choice, since it protects the tipper better. The Disc Drag Reel This is the newer type of reel, designed much like a disc brake on a car. These types of reels are good for larger species or larger fish, as they can more easily exert a stronger tension once a bigger fish has attacked.
Their main drawback is that they tend to be not as smooth as the Spring and Pawl reel. For most fishing conditions, this is probably immaterial. But on truly smaller panfish species, smaller or more wary trout, the Spring and Pawl reel is probably the way to go.
Aqua Bait and Fishing Suppliers Articles
Aqua Bait and Fishing Suppliers Books
Aqua Bait and Fishing Suppliers


text: Visual clues help children identify beginning consonant sounds. Set contains 18 phonic strips, each with an illustration representing a different beginning sound, followed by an area for three matching tiles to be placed. Children match up the 54 tiles as they find the same phonetic sounds. Tiles are selfchecking. 1-2 players. Ages 4 and up.


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When creating a new invoice from a Vendor record in FE NXT > Payables, or editing an existing invoice, the error, Failed to save Invoice. Error: Object variable or With block variable not set, may occur when saving the invoice. In some instances the invoice may save anyway, but this may not always be the case.
We are currently evaluating this issue and will update this article when we have more information.
Steps to Duplicate
1. In FE NXT > Payables > Vendors > Pick a Vendor > Click add an Invoice 2. Enter an Invoice number, amount and description 3. Click to Edit the debit account to be something else 4. Click Save 5. Sometimes receive error, Failed to save Invoice. Error: Object variable or With block variable not set *Sometimes the Invoice saves anyway


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This is really important because if you are bribing and bargaining with your students - you are in deep doodoo. It often sneaks up on you and before you know it - you are selling your soul for a little piece of mind in the classroom.
Not any more because I have some Teaching Truth for you! I love teaching truths!
The true reward is the satisfaction of doing the right thing. It builds character.
Many teachers get confused about the difference between rewarding and bribing. Isn't it all the same thing anyway? Nope. Not even.
I can give you the bottom line in two words: compensation and persuading. It is that simple. Here is an example of how this works:
FiFi the poodle is running wildly out the front door and down the street. (Hey - sometimes it could be a student....)
- SCENARIO 1: You call to FiFi and say "Stop! Sit down Fifi!" Fifi obeys you and sits down. You go and give Fifi a doggie treat. You just rewarded Fifi for correct behavior (doing the right thing). Fifi has been compensated for doing what you asked.
- SCENARIO 2: You call to FiFi and say "Stop! Sit down FiFi!" But FiFi keeps running. You call your command again. No response from FiFi. You are worried about her safety so you rush to get a treat and anxiously say, "Look FiFi, come to me and you can have a treat!" FiFi stops running from you and turns around to come for the treat. You are bribing FiFi into doing what you want her too. You have just persuaded Fifi.
Rewards are used to REINFORCE appropriate behavior. A student is asked to complete a paper first thing each morning. The student complies and does as he was asked. He is rewarded for his appropriate action with a trip to the treasure chest on Friday.
Bribes are used to persuade students to do what you want them to. But here is the catch.
Say for example, this same student is asked to complete a paper first thing each morning. The student does not do the work and even worse, distracts other students from their work. The teacher is at his wits end with the lack of work being done. "Hey!" he says to this student, "If you finish your work every morning this week - we will have a movie on Friday." The student responds (with a sparkle in the eye) "Can I pick it?" "Sure" replies the teacher.
- The student was bribed into doing the appropriate behavior.
- The student DID NOT demonstrate any personal motivation to do what is expected.
- Respect and responsibility are completely missing from this situation. In fact, the student was ignoring the teacher's instructions outright.
Whereas bribing actually REINFORCES that the student does not need to do the right thing to get what they want. They can manipulate and hassle the teacher into rewarding them for doing the wrong thing!
SALLY'S TEACHING TRUTH - it never works to bribe and bargain with your class! It is setting yourself up for more chaos! Yikes!
The most effective method is logical consequences. It does not reward or bribe. It teaches and guides! (The Classroom Management Boot Camp dives into this big time.)
BIG OLE QUESTION:
In the comments below tell me - Where do you think the Light systems fit in (like the red light/green light and similar methods)? Are they rewards? Bribes? Logical consequences? Love to hear your opinion!!


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PFC Every 3: The Secret to Blood Sugar Stabilization
Mar 14, 2016 | ZEN Bodi
The secret to permanent weight loss isn't a magic pill or exercise routine. It's called "PFC Every 3." Essentially, it's eating balanced portions of protein, carbs and fat every three hours. This keeps your blood sugar stabilized, your metabolism churning, and triggers stored fat and toxins to be released.
ZEN Brand Ambassador expert Mark Macdonald sums up this tricky balance:
"Every time you skip a meal, your blood sugar drops and you burn muscle, and that slows down your metabolism. And every time you overeat, your blood sugar spikes and you store fat. Nutrition should be used to create internal balance. This is what separates maintaining stable blood sugar from dieting."
So how do we maintain that optimum level of blood sugar? PFC Every 3! Your body can only process a certain amount of food at once, which is why it needs to be consistently fed. Mark refers to the body as a "refuel as it goes" machine.
"The most important thing is you should be ready to eat before a meal (never starving), satisfied after a meal (not full), and then ready to eat again approximately three to four hours later," he says. "This is a clear indicator that your blood sugar is stable and your body is in balance."
ZEN Project 8™, co-created by Mark, is a nutritional program that simplifies weight management and teaches habits for leading a healthy lifestyle. Its three phases (DETOX, IGNITE, THRIVE) are centered around PFC Every 3. Each phase consists of six small meals a day with each meal a balanced ratio of protein, carbs and fat.
Remember, three of your six meals are more like snacks — little boosts of fuel to keep your body's metabolism going. ZEN protein shakes are perfect for 2–3 small meals a day. And Mark recommends always having your Mobile Readiness Food Kit (MRFK) ready to go, since the main reason for blood sugar crashes is missing meals.
Examples of an MRFK:
 - String cheese and apple
 - Protein bars
 - Beef or turkey jerky with nuts and fruit
 - Ready-to-drink ZEN protein shake
 - Greek yogurt
 - Cottage cheese or lean low-sodium deli meats with nuts and fruit
 - Edamame
 - Hard-boiled eggs with fruit
Six meals a day may seem unrealistic at first, but once you make it a permanent part of your daily life, you'll notice these amazing results:
 - Weight loss
 - Increased energy
 - Better sleep
 - Less stress
 - And the list goes on!
Exercise also needs to be an important part of your PFC Every 3 regimen. Mark recommends 30 minutes of exercise, four days a week. Stable blood sugar releases stored fat and exercise burns that fat. Always eat before you begin any workout to ensure you're burning fat and not muscle.
When you stabilize your blood sugar and optimize your exercise, you can achieve any health goal. Let PFC Every 3 take your body to the next level!