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نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
1 مربی، گروه حقوق، دانشگاه پیام نور
2 مدرس مدعو دانشگاه پیام نور
عنوان مقاله [English]
Introduction: Women's rights refer to freedom at all ages and its separation from more general rights such as human rights is according to a theory that is recognized for all human beings at birth, but advocates for women's rights show that for some reason women and girls outnumber men These rights are excluded and include physical integrity and autonomy, labor rights, property rights, education rights, guardianship rights, and other rights. In this article, the purpose is causal-comparative and comparative study of physical rights. The society of bad girls and runaway girls is in District 4 of Tehran.
Methods: In the present study, with the sample size using the available sampling method, 60 people were selected according to the objectives and hypothesis of the research. 30 belonging to the group of abused girls (due to poor economic and cultural conditions, unemployed father and finally the violent behavior of one parent with the child) and 30 fugitive girls (kept in the centers). In this study, a questionnaire of feeling lonely by Russell, Pilva and Cortona (1980); The body image questionnaire of Bron, Kash and Mulka (1990) and the Tuckman Negligence Questionnaire (1991) were administered to the sample group. In this study, the collected data after analysis in SPSS24 software were analyzed based on descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance).
Results: The results showed that the effect of the group on the scores obtained from the questionnaire of loneliness, body image and procrastination is significant; This means that there is a significant difference between the scores of these variables between the subjects of the two groups (abused girls and runaway girls).
Conclusion: Also, the mean of variables of total loneliness and procrastination in abused girls was higher than the runaway girls group, and the body image variables of the abused girls group were lower than the runaway girls group. A large number of girls have been subjected to physical, psychological, etc. violence in the family, so in this regard, counseling and social support measures should be taken for these women by the authorities and the government.


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SERPENTIX specializes in the design and manufacture of continuous path conveyors. Offering the three-dimensional continuous path™ conveyors, Three-Dimensional Conveying™ systems solve difficult bulk handling problems encountered in municipal applications. The unique capabilities of the Serpentix belt (and other design features of the various models offered) permit a single Serpentix conveyor to perform the work of multiple conventional conveying devices.
Serpentix Three-Dimensional Conveying Benefits Include:
- No Idler Rollers
- Positive Alignment
- Low Maintenance
- Adapts Easily to Existing Plant Layouts
- Tear, Abrasion, and Chemically Resistant Belting Surface
- Eliminates Transfer Points with Continuous Path Conveying

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Incinerator bottom ash (IBA) crushing using EPF
In previous posts we discussed how electric pulse fragmentation works and why it has selective properties. This information provides a grounding to understand how these properties of electric pulse fragmentation can provide advantages in a variety of processing environments. This post focuses on the advantages of treating incinerator bottom ash (IBA) with electric pulses.
IBA is the by-product of municipal waste incineration – or the burning of household refuse. Anything that cannot be burned will become part of the incinerator residue, IBA is essentially a solid fused mass, similar to a rock, containing the burned remnants of whatever was in the incinerated waste such as metals, stone, glass, and ceramics, etc.
In some cases IBA can be used for construction, for example in breeze/cinder blocks, or as infill in road or pipe bedding. Depending on local laws, the IBA (and metals within) can be put back into the ground, however in places with stricter environmental legislation such as Switzerland, this contaminated material cannot be used in construction, and there are penalties to landfilling metal bearing waste.
Top: Ferrous; Middle: non-ferrous; Bottom: glass and ceramic phases after EPF treatment and sorting of IBA.
The goal is to recover as much metal and other raw materials as possible from IBA. Traditional crushing reduces all of the IBA to the liberation size of the smallest metals allowing their recovery. This gives excellent recovery of metal, however the 'mineral' fraction of the IBA, the more rock like parts such as the fused slag and brick, ceramics, glass, etc, are now also crushed and are unable to be recycled, meaning more material must be landfilled or otherwise put back into the ground.
This problem requires disaggregation of the IBA without significant crushing of the material: We want to recover the metal while leaving the slag, glass and other phases as large as possible for later re-use. That's were EPF comes in.
The discharge is preferentially attracted to areas with high permitivity contrast (PC), for example, a gold nugget within a rock, or a piece of metal within IBA. In this instance, the discharge will travel through the material (Situation I, below). The converse is also true and if the highest permitivity contrast is between the target particle and the surrounding water, the discharge will travel around the particle at the particle-water contact instead of through it, causing minimal breakage (Situation II & III).
Three Situations in which particles of varying composition are treated with electric discharges. From Weh and Mosadegghi (2016).
Particles with metal are broken more than those without metal: IBA particles containing metal will preferentially have internal discharges, and be broken more, liberating the contained metals, while more homogeneous IBA particles and those without metals will have the discharge travel around the particle and experience only minimal or 'surface' breakage.
The end result is that in addition to liberating metals, the glass, ceramic and particles without metals remain larger, more intact, and potentially recycleable, creating an additional stream of decontaminated inert material that can be recycled or reused as a construction aggregate, without putting more metal into the ground.
At our plants, we produce four product streams: ferrous, non ferrous, inert and slag, and we recover down to 2mm and below in each of these streams. All but the slag can be recycled in Switzerland, and we roughly half the amount of material that must go to landfill. We're proud of our achievements and are doing our part for the environment.
Further reading:
Article – Pre-concentration of copper ores by high voltage pulses.
Article – Breakage characteristics of incinerator bottom ash in the HV pulse power process
Article – Electrical breakdown channel locality in high voltage pulse breakage
Produced by Lightning Machines, Images by Alexander Weh.


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This Vowel and Consonant Mail worksheet also includes:
Clarify the difference between a consonant and a vowel with an activity inspired by mail. Learners help out a confused mail carrier by categorizing and alphabetizing words by writing them on the corresponding mailboxes. One mailbox is labeled double consonants and the other double vowels. An answer key is included.


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This week I completed an important step which is to integrate a parser in Honeybrid. There are now two new files in the source code:
- rules.l which defines the different tokens to analyze,
- rules.y which defines the configuration language and the different subroutines to call when a specific combination of tokens is detected.
Flex and Bison compile these two files and generate rules.c and rules.h which are then used by honeybrid to parse its configuration. The great advantages of having a parser are to have a flexible configuration file and to better handle configuration errors with a short volume of code.
The configuration of Honeybrid is now defined in a single file honeybrid.conf, which is divided in three sections:
- Configuration parameters: to define the general parameters of Honeybrid (logging level, log output files, network behavior, network timeouts...).
- Module definition: to define the parameters of each decision modules. Note that a module can be defined multiple times with different parameters. A unique name is assigned to each module definition.
- Target definition: to define the IP spaces covered by honeybrid and the behavior of honeybrid when receiving packets to these IP spaces.
The goal with the target section is to precisely control the behavior of the honeynet at each stage of an attack: during initialization (frontend), during the attack itself (backend), and after the attack, when the honeypot is compromised (outbound control). So the target section is made of four keywords:
- filter: a pcap filter expression (similar to tcpdump filter syntax) to define the network traffic that this target should cover.
- frontend: a honeypot IP address followed by a sequence of decision modules, to define which frontend honeypot should first answer to requests sent to this target, and which decision criteria to apply to accept request packets.
- backend: a honeypot IP address followed by a sequence of decision modules, to define which backend honeypot should take over the network sessions initiated between attackers and the frontend, and which decision criteria to apply to start the redirection.
- control: a sequence of decision modules, to define how to limit outgoing packets from network sessions initiated by honeypots.
An example of the final configuration file is attached to this blog post.


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Young Latino Students Don't See Themselves in Books, according to the New York Times. Hispanic students make up nearly a quarter of public school students, but only a small fraction of characters in books for elementary students.
The main characters in the most popular books are white with African-American, Asian or Hispanic characters more likely to appear in supporting roles.
"Kids do have a different kind of connection when they see a character that looks like them or they experience a plot or a theme that relates to something they've experienced in their lives," said Jane Fleming, an assistant professor at the Erikson Institute, a graduate school in early childhood development in Chicago.
She and Sandy Ruvalcaba Carrillo, an elementary school teacher in Chicago who works with students who speak languages other than English at home, reviewed 250 book series aimed at second to fourth graders and found just two that featured a Latino main character.
The Cooperative Children's Book Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Education, which compiles statistics about the race of authors and characters in children's books published each year, found that in 2011, just over 3 percent of the 3,400 books reviewed were written by or about Latinos, a proportion that has not changed much in a decade.
Common Core State Standards' list of suggested books for early elementary students contains black characters and authors, but few Latinos. More will be added, said Susan Pimentel, one of the lead writers. "We are determined to make this right."
"Research on a direct link between cultural relevance in books and reading achievement at young ages is so far scant," reports the Times. I think that means there is no evidence. But that doesn't stop academics from worrying that kids will feel alienated "if all they read is Judy Blume or characters in the Magic Treehouse series who are white and go on adventures." (What about white kids who don't have a magic treehouse that provides adventures?)
At Bayard Taylor Elementary in Philadelphia, a school where three-quarters of the students are Latino, Kimberly Blake, a third-grade bilingual teacher, said she struggles to find books about Latino children that are "about normal, everyday people." The few that are available tend to focus on stereotypes of migrant workers or on special holidays. "Our students look the way they look every single day of the year," Ms. Blake said, "not just on Cinco de Mayo or Puerto Rican Day."
On a recent morning, Ms. Blake read from "Amelia's Road" by Linda Jacobs Altman, about a daughter of migrant workers. Of all the children sitting cross-legged on the rug, only Mario said that his mother had worked on farms.
However, a book that colors every fourth child brown may be accused of tokenism.
As a reading tutor, I see a lot of books for young children that feature animals — especially cats, bats and rats. They sit on mats and try on hats. Humans are named Nan, Fran, Pam, Sam, Tam, Tim and Sim. It's not a rich cultural milieu for children of any background. I can tell you what little girls of all colors and creeds long to read: the Pinkalicious series. Sadly, my kids can only handle "tan" and "red."
"A good book is a good book is a good book," writes author Nikki Grimes in Color Me Perplexed. "The single most important question we should ask when considering a book for our classroom or library shelves is, is the book any good?"
When I was researching Our School (which makes a lovely holiday gift), I saw students from Mexican immigrant families fall in love with Harry Potter books. The kids weren't British or pale skinned. They weren't wizards either. They liked the story.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Prosperity, poverty and inequality in London 2000/01 to 2010/11
Ruth Lupton
This report looks at changes in poverty and inequality in London during the 2000s, with a focus on the impact of recession from 2008. It also considers how a decade has changed the geography of poverty in the Capital.
This summary is part of a wider research project examining the impact on poverty and inequality of the recession, Labour's spending and programmes, and the Coalition's austerity measures and reforms. This report focuses on changes in the UK's capital city between 2001 and 2010. In terms of London politics, it relates to the two terms that Ken Livingstone served as (Independent, then Labour) Mayor, succeeded in 2008 by the Conservative, Boris Johnson. It considers not only how London weathered the onset of recession but also the particular effects on poverty and its geographical distribution.
 - The economy and labour market in London proved more resilient to the onset of recession than in other English regions. However, Inner London fared better than Outer London.
 - Full-time employment fell by less across London than elsewhere in the country and there was a smaller rise in unemployment. An increase in part-time working, particularly among men, supports a view that fewer full-time jobs often led to under-employment, rather than unemployment.
 - Employment levels among some population sub-groups, including young people and Black/Black British people, were lower in London than other regions before the recession, but had converged by 2010.
 - Qualification levels among working-age adults were higher in London before the economic crisis than elsewhere and continued to improve more rapidly during the recession.
 - While London coped well with some economic pressures, inequalities in earnings and incomes increased between 2006/8 and 2010. Those living on the lowest incomes were hit hardest, seeing their incomes after housing costs fall by 24 per cent in real terms compared with 3.5 per cent nationally.
 - Wealth inequalities also widened faster in London than in other regions. The wealthiest Londoners increased their financial, physical and property wealth by 8 per cent between 2006/8 and 2010. This compared with 0.4 per cent among their counterparts elsewhere.
 - Poverty became less concentrated in inner London and began to spread outwards. This was partly due to population change and 'gentrification' in Inner London, but also because the recession appeared to hit Outer London harder.
While positive in some respects, these findings show that the Capital's economic success and resilience in recession have not translated into lower poverty or reduced inequality. The implications of Inner London's changing population and increasing poverty in Outer London for housing, public services, and communities will need to be further explored and understood.
London before the crash
In 2000/01, after two decades of rising prosperity, London held 15 per cent of England's population but accounted for 23 per cent of economic output. Earnings were around one-third higher than in the UK as a whole, while typical house prices were 78 per cent higher. London's population, compared with other English cities, was younger, better qualified, and more likely to be in professional and managerial work.
In the early 2000s, London's economic growth rate was similar to that for England as a whole. But from 2004, it began to accelerate faster. Financial services drove London's growth, while manufacturing continued to decline. House prices continued to rise more rapidly than for the country as a whole.
But London was poor as well as rich. In 2007/08 its poverty rate (looking at household incomes after housing costs) was 27 per cent compared with 22 per cent for England. Inequalities between rich and poor were also greater than for the rest of the UK. Using 2006/8 data, the National Equality Panel found the gap between the top and lowest 10 per cent (known as the '90:10 ratio') was larger in London than in the rest of the UK for men's and women's wages and earnings, income and wealth. A 2007 comparison between lower-range house prices and lower-range earnings confirmed that even modest homes in London were substantially less affordable than for England as a whole.
Recession and its consequences
Some might have expected London's reliance on the financial sector to leave it especially vulnerable to the effects of the global credit crunch from 2007/8. However, its economy proved more resilient to the recession than those of other English regions. Output growth remained strong in 2008, as other areas slowed down and it was the only region where output did not dip in 2009. By 2010, London's economic output was 8 per cent higher (at current prices) than in 2007, compared with 4 per cent nationally.
Between 2006/08 and 2010, the decline in full-time employment in London (-1.6 percentage points) was smaller than elsewhere, as was the rise in unemployment (+1.2 percentage points). Part-time employment increased in the Capital by 1.2 percentage points (mainly affecting men) while it stayed mostly level elsewhere. This supports a view that the consequence of falling full-time employment in London was more often under-employment than unemployment. It is also noticeable that London's relatively'soft landing' in recession was more marked in Inner than Outer areas. For example, the rise in part-time employment was concentrated in Inner London.
Economic change also affected some population subgroups less severely in London than elsewhere. Among youth (16-24), the proportion unemployed was higher in London to begin with, but between 2006/8 and 2010, it grew less rapidly than elsewhere, eliminating the starting differential. Similarly, there was a fall of 5.7 per cent in full-time employment among Black / Black British people elsewhere in the country, but not to the same extent in London, where the proportion in employment had previously been lower.
In addition, at a time when qualification levels in the working-age population nationally were rising rapidly, those in London grew faster. For example, a 2.5 percentage point increase in the proportion with university degrees between 2006/8 and 2010, compared with 1.4 percentage points elsewhere. GCSE results in London's schools were already better than elsewhere in the country by 2008, with a smaller attainment gap between pupils on Free School Meals and others. This remained the case in 2010.
Even so, a relatively positive employment and qualifications story in London as the recession took hold occurred in the context of widening economic inequalities. Between 2006/8 and 2010 inequality in weekly earnings increased, more so than in the rest of England. The '90:10 ratio' went up in London by 8 per cent for men and women (according to the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings), compared with a rise of 5 per cent for men and one per cent for women in the whole of England.
At the same time, falls in household income, after housing costs are taken into account, were greater in London than in other parts of the country - and especially marked among the poorest households. Figure 1 shows that while the incomes of people in the top tenth of the distribution were affected to much the same extent whether they lived in London or elsewhere, net incomes among those in the bottom tenth fell by a startling 24 per cent in real terms in London compared with only 3.5 per cent nationally (see Figure 1).
View the raw data
Inequalities in financial, physical and property wealth also increased faster in London during the first years of the economic crisis. Between 2006/8 and 2008/10 wealth levels among the least prosperous tenth of the population stayed flat in London, but grew by 14 per cent in England generally. Meanwhile, wealth among the top tenth of the distribution increased by 8 per cent in London, compared with 0.4 per cent in the rest of the country. As a consequence, the '90:10 ratio' for wealth in the Capital, which was already high (at 199) in 2006/8 had soared even higher by 2010 (to 215).
London's changing poverty map
The spatial distribution of poverty in London also changed. Mapping the proportion of households receiving Income Support and three other types of means-tested benefit shows that the greatest concentrations of poverty in 2001 were found in Inner East London. However, poverty rates, on this measure, fell considerably in the poorest inner-city neighbourhoods up to 2008, while increasing in less poor Outer London areas. This was mainly due to new house building and an influx of households that were less poor into Inner London, especially the Inner West. The numbers of poor households in these areas only fell a little - rather they were joined by new better-off neighbours.
As Outer London was hit harder than Inner London by recession, the shift of poverty into Outer London continued. Poverty went up across London between 2008 and 2011 as recession bit, but most in Outer London neighbourhoods. The map below shows how neighbourhood poverty rates changed across the whole decade 2001 to 2011 (with decreases shown in dark and light green, and increases in orange and red). In 2001, over three quarters (77 per cent) of the highest poverty neighbourhoods were in Inner east or west London. By 2011 this figure had fallen to closer to half (55 per cent). Thus a trend to decentralisation of poverty was evident before the Coalition's welfare reforms, which are predicted to have this effect.
View the raw data
Further Information
The full version of this paper, by Ruth L


Money From Momentum: Positive Feedback Can Drive Returns
by Shelly X. Liang
According to advocates of technical analysis, it is possible to discern trends and cycles in securities prices that can be traded profitably. The simplest form of this is momentum trading—buying securities with prices that are rising and selling those with prices that are falling. Recent studies find that this can work.
Increasingly, financial economists are uncovering evidence of price trends in various markets. Many markets that appear random are not. Rather, they are complex and hard to predict. The contradictions between experience and accepted theory have led researchers to look for an explanation.
Reacting to Momentum Is Rational
The positive feedback trading hypothesis (PFTH) is gaining increasing support among researchers as an explanation for momentum in securities markets. The idea is that at times traders may buy a security simply because it is going up in price. If a large number of traders buy the security, their combined buying pressure drives the price even higher, inducing even more traders to buy.
The buying frenzy is rational because people buy securities to make money, and with rising prices they are making money. Eventually this rational bubble bursts, and prices collapse precipitously. People begin to sell because the prices are falling, and prices fall because people are selling. Momentum up, momentum down.
Positive feedback traders also include traders who use stop-loss orders to sell a security when the price reaches a certain level and portfolio insurers who hedge a portfolio against market risk by short-selling stock index futures.
At times, traders buy securities simply because prices are going up. Their buying pressure can drive prices even higher.
The positive feedback trading hypothesis is of particular interest to equity-market traders because the theory allows for market prices to diverge from any normal valuation of the securities. This is the key: Our traditional notions of valuation led us to believe that momentum profits in excess of normal returns were not possible.
Random Prices and Divergence From Fundamental Factors
But information arrives randomly, so that the market valuation based on fundamentals is constantly shifting. Because investors and traders have a lot at stake, they are constantly re-valuing the securities in their portfolios based on news about fundamentals. The implication is that securities prices are also random, meaning that there are no trends in the prices to be exploited. This is the basis of the efficient markets hypothesis (EMH).
If stock prices are random, then picking stocks based on predicted prices will not generate higher profits than holding a randomized, diversified portfolio. This is the realization that has led to modern portfolio theory—a strategy for managing risk and return in diversified portfolios.
The high price volatility and the price bubbles experienced in the past few decades, in which market prices deviated far from fundamental values, provide real-world counter-evidence to the efficient markets hypothesis and random walk pricing. That's where the positive feedback trading hypothesis comes in.
A study published in the Journal of Finance (DeLong et el., 1990) showed in a theoretical framework that the presence of positive feedback trading can cause prices to diverge from fundamental levels even if all other trading is rational. Divergence from fundamentals leaves the door open for excess returns. Traders who take advantage of this divergence are called feedback traders, or momentum traders. They are also called noise traders because they are basing decisions on factors other than corporate fundamentals.
The positive feedback trading of noise traders imposes risk for rational traders.
Suppose a rational trader predicts a price will fall and short-sells an asset, while positive feedback traders have driven up its price. The price may continue to be driven up by the noise traders within the time when the rational trader has to cover the short. To avoid this risk, rational investors tend to disregard their own information and follow the prevailing price movements. The resulting market prices will diverge from the levels determined by the fundamentals, giving rise to momentum profits.
Are Profits From Price Momentum Possible?
Using a comprehensive data set of U.S. stocks from 1980 to 2009, two researchers and I empirically examined the extent of positive feedback activities and momentum profits in the U.S. stock market and its implications. We eliminated stocks with prices lower than $5 per share and those smaller than the bottom 10% in the New York Stock Exchange. This ensured that our results were not driven by small and illiquid stocks.
Figure 1 shows the percentage of stocks that exhibited day-to-day positive feedback trading activity during any six-month period. The intensity of the positive feedback trading activities varied frequently over time, spiking during periods of market turmoil—for example, during the 1987, 1991, and 2008–2009 economic downturns. On average, around 9.4% of the stocks in our sample experienced day-to-day positive feedback trading over the entire sample period.
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Figure 1. Time Series of Positive Feedback Trading Activities
The figure also shows that for most of the time, loser portfolios (the bottom 10% of stocks with the lowest cumulative return) displayed stronger positive feedback trading than winner portfolios (the top 10% stocks with the highest cumulative return).
In order to determine whether day-to-day positive feedback trading could predict future momentum profits, we divided stocks into those that displayed positive feedback trading during the past six-month period (PF stocks) and those that did not (non–positive feedback stocks, or NPF stocks). We then formed momentum portfolios by buying the top 10% of stocks with the highest cumulative returns and short-selling the bottom 10% of stocks with the lowest cumulative returns.
Figure 2 shows the cumulative returns of PF and NPF momentum portfolios with the holding period varying from one to 60 months. For the first year, cumulative returns increased for both PF and NPF stocks, with PF stocks producing higher returns. After the first year, cumulative returns declined, and the decline was faster for PF portfolios. After year three, the cumulative returns of PF portfolios started to go below those of NPF portfolios.
Our study also showed that a higher level of information uncertainty will strengthen the positive feedback trading activities and lead to higher momentum profits. Theoretically, information uncertainty tends to add more noise and induce uninformed traders to carry out more feedback trading. As a result, prices further diverge from the fundamental values, leading to a higher level of positive feedback trading and return momentum.
We found that stocks of firms with a higher degree of information uncertainty (firms that are small or exhibit lower trading volume, younger age, higher return volatility, or higher cash flow volatility) were more likely to evidence positive feedback trading activities. The discrepancy between the momentum returns of the PF and NPF stocks also widened with a higher degree of information uncertainty.
Limitations of Momentum Strategies
Our research and that of others show that it is possible to outperform the market using the momentum strategy. But there are serious limitations.
One comes from the divergence from fundamental values. Eventually the market will reach a point where many traders will start to sell. Then the positive feedback mechanism works again, but in a reversed direction. In addition, for ordinary investors, it is not easy to predict the price movement of a specific stock, especially the point where the cumulative return of momentum portfolios starts to decline.
Another drawback stems from the higher level of information uncertainty that creates the potential for momentum profits. Uncertainty, by definition, means higher risk. Besides, momentum is most evident among small-cap stocks, which are associated with a higher degree of information uncertainty. With small caps, the high investment-related costs make a momentum strategy less profitable.
Finally, any predictable and profitable pattern may lose its effect soon after it receives publicity. People learn quickly and exploit the predictable pattern to the extent that it becomes no longer profitable. No positive feedback patterns would be sufficiently stable to guarantee consistently superior results.
Faced with tempting profits and discouraging risk and costs, investors have to decide the extent to which they want to employ momentum trading strategies.
Instead of actively seeking positive effects from momentum, some mutual fund managers try to avoid the negative effects of momentum while maintaining their conventional strategy. When the price of a stock rises out of a range and signals a sell according to their traditional strategy, they may delay selling the stock to allow the opportunity of profits from an upward momentum. Similarly, when the price of a stock falls and indicates a buy, they may postpone buying it to avoid possible losses from further price drops.
This wait-and-see approach, according to the reports of some mutual funds, has enhanced the performance of their portfolios. It seems that a "diversification" of the different strategies may be a productive solution.
As an individual investor, implementation of this approach is more difficult than you might think. So far, researchers have not established an easy-to-follow formula for momentum trading that ordinary investors can systematically exploit. Investors interested in momentum strategy would do well to proceed cautiously. The best course might be to find a mid-point between momentum strategy and traditional portfolio management based on the efficient market hypothesis and modern portfolio theory.
This article was republished with the permission of AIER.
Shelly X. Liang is a research fellow at the American Institute for Economic Research (AIER).
M from FL posted over 3 years ago:
Momentum Trading and/or Momentum Investing is not a late comer into the Art of common stock Price forecasting. in 1968 while in my last year of MBA studies I became aware of it and since then I have been actively using it as an Intermediate Term Momentum tool, for which I have to thank Mr. Robert A. Levy, Ph.D. who authored "THe Relative Strength Concept of Common Stock Price Forecasting" publ. by Investors Intelligence, 1968. After that I studied the technique of the great Master, the late A.E.R. Coppock and his letter "TRENDEX".
For modern times, it is a must


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When uploading images to the media library, WordPress will automatically generate several thumbnails so that a more optimized image size can be used.
Since different themes and plugins will often use different sizes, you might need to periodically regenerate your those resized images. In this article, we'll show you how to regenerate your image thumbnails using WP-CLI.
Regenerating All Thumbnails
To regenerate all thumbnails for all images inside your WordPress media library, you can use the following command:
wp media regenerate --yes
Once the command is run, all thumbnails for all images will be regenerated. Of course, if you have a large number of images inside your media library, it might take some extra time to run through them all.
Regenerating Missing Thumbnails
What if you updated your theme to add an additional image size but don't want to regenerate the thumbnails that already exist? You can regenerate thumbnails for only the missing image sizes using the --only-missing option like this:
wp media regenerate --only-missing
Regenerating Thumbnails for Specific Images
If you want to regenerate thumbnails for a specific image, you can specify it by including the attachment ID after the command like this:
wp media regenerate 123
To regenerate thumbnails for multiple specified attachment IDs, just add them to the command like the following example:
wp media regenerate 123 456 789
Keeping Old Thumbnail Sizes
When regenerating your WordPress media library image thumbnails, the default behavior is to delete the old thumbnails. If you want to keep them, you can use the --skip-delete option:
wp media regenerate --skip-delete
Regenerating Specific Thumbnail Sizes
In addition to being able to specify a specific image to regenerate thumbnails for, you can also define a specific thumbnail size to regenerate. To regenerate a specific size, use the --image_size option with the name of your thumbnail size as the value like in the following example:
wp media regenerate --image_size=large


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also had entrepreneurial success with artificially created ground vibrations
Ludger Mintrop was born near Essen, studied mine surveying in Aachen and subsequently went to Göttingen to work with Emil Wiechert, where he obtained his doctorate in 1911 with a dissertation on "Artificially generated ground vibrations".
He then became a lecturer at the Bochum School of Mining and developed a portable seismograph, which he used to render the seismic methods usable for geology and mining.
In 1921, he established "Seismos GmbH", a company specialising in geophysical mineral deposit research. This marked the beginning of the triumph of applied seismology in locating crude oil deposits. In 1928, Mintrop became Professor of Mine Surveying and Geophysics in Wroclaw. Between 1945 and 1948, he held the corresponding chair in Aachen. He is considered one of the pioneers of applied geophysics.
Adapted from: Walter Kertz


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In the United States, blood glucose readings are usually expressed in units of milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood, or mg/dL. Internationally and in scientific journals, blood glucose is typically expressed in millimoles per liter, or mmol/L. The same way you can convert your weight in kilograms to pounds, you can easily convert your blood glucose values from mmol/L to mg/dL. Both systems are equally precise.
Doing the Calculation
The easiest way to convert blood glucose from mmol/L to mg/dL is to multiply the value in mmol/L by 18 and change the units. For example, if your reading is 12 mmol/L, you multiply 12 mmol/L by 18, which equals 216, and change the units to mg/dL: 216 mg/dL. The number 18 represents the conversion factor, which relates to the molecular structure and weight of glucose.
Comparing Blood Glucose Values
When you look at blood glucose values represented in mg/dL, the numbers are much greater than the values expressed in mmol/L. This can lead to confusion, especially if you overlook the units. Knowing a few values in both systems can help you get used to how they compare. For instance, a blood glucose of 100 mg/dL is 5.5mmol/L, 200mg/dL is 11.1 mmol/L and 300 mg/dL is 16.6 mmol/L.
Other Choices in Conversion
Many blood glucose meters allow the user to change the units from mmol/L to mg/dL by changing the settings as described in the instruction booklet. Online calculators can also do the job for you. If Internet access is a problem, you can print out a conversion table and keep it handy.


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Big risk for youth
July 21, 2009
Video games can lead to more than just sore thumbs for some kids.
Studies show teenagers can be attracted to video lottery terminals (VLTs) for the same reasons they're attracted to video games - and that concerns provincial experts on problem gambling.
"The flashing lights, clanging bells and excitement of each appeal to youth, and the instant payout, high action and illusion of control reinforce continuous play," says Leely Lew, a program consultant with the Addiction and Mental Health problem gambling unit of Alberta Health Services.
"Research indicates the more frequently youth play video games, the more likely they are to believe their playing skills are related to gambling success.
"Combine that with increased exposure to gambling through the media and online poker websites and we are seeing more youth exploring gambling opportunities."
According to the most recent Alberta Youth Experience Survey, 62.6 per cent all students surveyed reported participating in gambling activities.
Youth gambling comes in many forms: 41 per cent of students surveyed in Alberta played cards for money, 35 per cent played scratch and win tickets, 28 per cent bet on sporting events and 20 per cent played bingo.
Lew says problem gambling among youth can manifest itself in several ways:
- Borrowing or stealing money from friends and family.
- Having unexplained absences from home, school or work.
- Withdrawing from relationships, school groups or activities.
- Education is a key tool to combat youth gambling.
That's why the problem gambling unit has created lesson plans for various age groups (available at _URL_ that are designed to help students understand the negative consequences of gambling and apply critical thinking to false messages about gambling. They were created following consultations with teachers, students and parents.
It's important to get these messages to people at an early age, says Richard Wallington, manager of the problem gambling unit.
"The earlier an individual begins to gamble, the more at-risk he or she is of developing a gambling problem later in life," says Wellington.
"We provide teachers, youth and their parents with the supports and information they need to lower that risk and help them lead healthier lives."
For more information, visit the youth and gambling website at _URL_


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The IRIS Data Management System (DMS) invites individuals at IRIS member institutions to submit Letters of Interest that outline new data product types and related development plans. Authors of selected data product descriptions will be requested to submit full proposals to acquire funding from the IRIS DMS to support the development of the completed product. This is an excellent opportunity for researchers to put forward unique and useful data product ideas, receive funding for their development, and collaborate with the IRIS Data Management Center (DMC) on their presentation and long term management. Typically derived from raw data, these data products can serve many purposes including as a foundation for future research.
The deadline for submitting Letters of Interest for data product development is April 30, 2013.
The goal of our product development effort is to create data products that complement the raw time series data traditionally managed by the IRIS DMC. The development effort is guided by the IRIS community through the IRIS Data Products Working Group. The DMC currently manages more than a dozen data product types produced either by the community or by the DMC as a result of this relatively new effort. A list of these product types is available at _URL_
The purpose of this call for Letters of Interest is to solicit data product ideas from our community of users. After reviewing all submitted Letters, the selection committee will request selected authors to submit proposals for funding the development of the data product. We anticipate individual development awards to range between $10,000 and $25,000. All products developed under this agreement will ultimately be hosted and managed at the IRIS DMC.
The types of data products that might be proposed include:
- Products which serve as stepping stones to further processing, i.e., pre-processing for more advanced processing. Examples include the calculation of envelope functions and the calculation of receiver functions for data in the DMC archive.
- Visualizations of the data in ways that provide insight to geophysical processes and/or the data set. Examples include the DMC's Event Plot suite and USArray Ground Motion Visualizations.
- The "productization" of research results that are useful to a broad range of the scientific community. For example, a database of shear-wave splitting measurements.
- Educational products that increase accessibility to data and information for students and future researchers.
- Modernization and availability of data sets. For example, the conversion of processed geodetic data to formats readily usable to the seismic research community.
Examples of data product development previously funded include:
- Ambient noise cross correlations for the Western US (M. Ritzwoller, et. al.)
- SeisSound, an audio/visual illustration of seismic frequency and amplitude (D. Kilb)
- Earthquake energy and duration tools, in progress (A. Newman, et al.)
- EMERALD software release, in progress (M. Fouch and J. West)
- Development of XML standard and tools for MT data, in progress (G. Egbert, et al.)
Letters of Interest should include:
- A statement of the impact and range of potential uses for the product type.
- Estimates of the resources required to initially generate the product(s).
- Enough detail to help determine IRIS DMC resources required to manage the product type over an extended period of time.
Letters of Interest should be submitted in electronic form (as MS-Word or PDF) to _EMAIL_ by April 30, 2013. Letters should not exceed two pages in length, with two additional pages allowed for associated figures. Authors will be notified of their selection status by May 10. Selected authors will be requested to submit a proposal for product development due by June 17. Funding for the data product development awards and the data product effort at the IRIS DMC is supported by the USArray component of the NSF's EarthScope program.
Dr. Timothy Ahern
Director of Data Services


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I have installed Ubuntu 9.04 and am having a problem that I can connect from the server to the outside world but cannot connect to the server. I checked all of the different firewall systems (firestarter, ufw, iptables, etc.) and all are disabled. When I try to ssh, ping, etc. to the server they all timeout.
I am running on a wireless network and the router recognizes that the machine is connected to the network (with the proper ip address) but even the router cannot ping the server.
Any ideas?
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2 Answers 2
You have to ensure you are using your router's IP address when trying to access an internal node. If you are trying to ping the IP assigned to your server from your router, that is an internal IP (something like and pinging that from outside your router will do nothing, it will try to find the node on the same network you are pinging from.
To ensure access to your server, forward ports in your router to your server. Port 22 must be opened and point towards your server's internal IP address to use SSH.
To find your router's IP address, you can navigate to WhatIsMyIp.org from the server, it will display your router's address on the internet. Your router's administration page should also display this data. When using ping, you will be pinging your router as well, not the server, unless you specify a port that is forwarded to the server, then it will tell you if the node is reachable.
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does the router have a firewall? -check the settings thereespecially port forwarding. I'd also check if openssh-server is installed.
Also, its HIGHLY unusual to have a server on wireless.
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The Difference Between Overprocessing and Overproduction
According to the theory and practice of lean manufacturing, overprocessing and overproduction are two of the mudas, or wasteful activities, that companies should avoid to stay competitive. The theory was developed at Toyota, as part of the automaker's streamlined production system. "Muda" is a Japanese word meaning inefficiency, wastefulness, or futility. In lean manufacturing, it specifically refers to process waste, or waste that occurs during the processing of a product. Seven mudas were originally identified and are ordered according the acronym TIM WOOD.
The seven mudas are Transport, Inventory, Movement, Waiting and delays, Overprocessing, Overproduction, and Defects. These activities are considered wasteful because they don't add customer value to the product, even though some activities are necessary for successful production and marketing. Overprocessing and overproduction, the two O's of TIM WOOD, are related, but distinct categories.
A product is overprocessed when it is manufactured to exceed the customer's expectations or specifications. For example, a dining table is overprocessed when it is given four coats of varnish, even though the customer would be satisfied with three coats. Adding extra details that don't increase customer value is another type of overprocessing. In the dining table example, adding gold leaf trim to table edge would be overprocessing. The customer did not want or specify the gold leaf and may even reject the table because of it. In this case, overprocessing results in a waste of time, materials and labor, and a product that must be stored until a buyer who wants a gold-edged table comes along. This leads to overproduction as well as overprocessing.
Overproduction means making more of a product than can be sold, as when the company exceeds customer orders or continues making a product even after sales decline. The reasons for overproducing may at first seem to make intuitive good sense, such as when a company overproduces, as a margin against spoilage or defects. Investments in a specific production line also make it psychologically difficult to shut off the line, even though the product becomes overproduced. However, these reasons are examples of other mudas, such as hedging against defects. It would be more efficient and more in line with the lean manufacturing philosophy to eliminate the defects so that the "hedge" of overproduction is no longer needed.
Overproduction is considered the most serious of the seven mudas, because it results from and encompasses all the others. The waste incurred by overproduction includes lost time, labor, materials and transport costs, and is compounded by the need to store and to inventory excess product as it waits for a buyer. Sometimes, the excess is never purchased and must be discarded or destroyed. These wastes also create environmental costs at every step of the process. That is why the goal of lean manufacturing is to only produce the right number or quantity of products at the right time, when they are actually needed by the customers who will purchase them.


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Textbook Page 16 Workbook 1-2 Pages 25 - 26
Enable full screen by clicking the button in the bottom right corner.
Description: The next several sections teach some of the most common objects in the home which are also some of the most commonly spoken words. This video begins the "home" series by teaching the names of the rooms themselves. You can use "The House Song" to reinforce what is being taught in these videos.


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ingredients & lore
blended with decaf ceylon tea, natural peach flavor, marigold flowers, apple pieces and apricots
Cultivation of peaches began in China as early as 2000BC. The winds of trade brought peaches to Greece and Persia, where they were instantly accepted. The juicy fruit was also a big hit with the Romans, who cultivated it throughout the empire. From Italy, peaches made the leap across the Atlantic, where early settlers planted them throughout the East Coast. Soon they were so plentiful, local botanists thought of them as native fruits.


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Ankylosed Teeth — Causes, Symptoms, and Possible Treatments
Ankylosed teeth are a condition that can result in various dental health problems. But, it is not as common as you'd think, and there are many ways to treat it if it happens. Here, we will go through everything you need to know about this disease, how you can approach the situation, and what your options for treating it are besides getting a dental implant.
What Is Ankylosis? What Causes Ankylosed Teeth?
In short, ankylosis is a disease that causes a fusion between the cementum and alveolar bone. If you are unfamiliar with these terms, the alveolar bone is a part of the jaw that has sockets for teeth, and the cementum is bone-like tissue lining the root of the tooth.
The primary issue with an ankylosed tooth is that it will begin sinking into the gum tissue. Since the tooth is fused with the bone, it will prevent the tooth from growing.
Now, ankylosis is quite rare for deciduous teeth and even more for permanent teeth. If a deciduous tooth is affected, the permanent tooth won't be able to fill its place since the ankylosed tooth will stick fast to the bone.
This pathological fusion is usually caused by dental trauma. For example, after root resorption, it is possible that dentine or cementum will unite the tooth with the bone. But, it isn't something that happens often. In fact, it is still unclear why this happens. We only know that it is more likely to happen with deciduous teeth.
Many scientists believe that ankylosis is caused by genetic factors. However, inflammation, trauma, and infection can also be responsible for the condition.
How Can You Spot Signs of Ankylosis?
There are a couple of ways you can spot signs of ankylosis. Firstly, a tooth fused to the bone usually suffers a loss of physiological mobility. You can see that on the x-ray. However, one of the main problems is that ankylosis is trickier to spot in the early stages.
The signs of this condition will also vary. The symptoms usually depend on whether a person has permanent or primary teeth. Other factors that may contribute are sex, age, and location, but it is not something we can say with certainty since research is still lacking.
Moreover, it is possible for a person with an ankylosed tooth to notice a lower number of teeth, enlarged lower jaw, and other similar abnormalities. But all of this is for deciduous teeth. The problem with permanent teeth is that they often don't show any noticeable symptoms. However, as time goes by, it may happen that a person will have some type of asymmetry if the affected tooth is anterior.
If the tooth is posterior, on the other hand, there is a high chance that neither the patient nor the doctor would be able to notice it. The reason for this is that the change in height is significantly slower compared to the anterior teeth.
Keep in mind that an x-ray is still a valid way to determine whether someone has this condition. It will be noticeable even if a clinical examination doesn't provide any results. Besides inflammation, trauma, or infection, family history is something that can show signs of risk as well.
Is There a Treatment? What Are the Options?
While many people believe that the only option for treating ankylosis is to get dental implants, dentists are usually against extraction if there is a way to save the tooth. Needless to say, regular dental exams are the safest way to avoid worrying about this condition and make sure you spot any problems on time.
There are a couple of ways to approach the problem if it does occur. If we are talking about a deciduous tooth, the most common solution is decoronation, that is, the removal of the crown. If this is not a viable option, the other solution is tooth removal. It bears mentioning that decoronation is an option for both permanent and milk teeth. If the patient is too young, however, the process might be postponed.
For adult patients, there is a high chance that the height difference between the ankylosed tooth and the adjacent one is insignificant, which means that surgery is not necessary. In cases when there is a difference in height, one of the options is to build up a tooth crown.
In addition, a doctor might opt for an orthodontic treatment known as osteotomy, a process of shortening or lengthening the bone (tooth in this case). The final option if osteotomy or tooth repositioning is not successful is to remove the tooth.
Saying that one method is better than the other would be completely wrong since it is based on the specific situation. In some cases, however, the best option would be extraction, which might lead to a tooth implant as a replacement.
Is It Common to Have An Ankylosed Tooth?
Teeth ankylosis is a rare disease, and it is more common with primary teeth. In fact, it is ten times more likely to appear on deciduous teeth than on permanent teeth. According to IOSR, less than 200,000 people in the U.S. suffer from this disease.
It is also ten times more likely for the molars in the lower jaw to be affected by this condition, with the first primary molar being the most common tooth. All of this just shows that the condition is rare and that it isn't something that many people will experience.
The reassuring thing, of course, is that a simple dental x-ray can help you identify the problem. If necessary, your oral surgeon or implant dentist will offer you a couple of treatment options. Unfortunately, there is not much you can do to prevent ankylosis since the condition is not the result of bad oral hygiene. The only thing you can do is regularly visit your dentist to ensure that you can react on time and avoid having to worry about teeth implants if the problem occurs.


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Inspired by recent achievements in optomechanics, we propose to investigate a coupled nanoelectromechanical resonator (NEMS) network in a microwave optomechanical scheme, in which the NEMS is the analog unit to mimic neurons and microwave photons are information bus in the network to dynamically control the cavity force acting on the NEMS. The microwave optomechanical system offers cavity forces and the nonlinearity from NEMS, which allow to synchronize a NEMS network for building a computing function. Based on this platform, the objective of this project is to demonstrate thermal fluctuation recognition, by combining sensing and computing functions in the coupled NEMS network. The concept and method, to be demonstrated by this project, is of broad impact since it is directly applicable to other platforms for smart sensing applications. The success of this project will bring smart thermometry on-chip and build the essential base for pursuing neuro-inspired parallel computing in the future.
- Coupled NEMS networks in microwave optomechanical scheme
- Neuron inspired computing functions
- Smart thermometry on-chip


Here's What You Can Substitute For Corn Syrup
High-fructose corn syrup is often maligned by nutritionists, but regular old corn syrup is a classic ingredient in recipes like pecan pie, homemade candy, and other sweet treats. So, what's one to do if they go to do their once-a-year holiday baking, only to discover that they're out of corn syrup? Luckily, there are a few substitutions you can use.
Corn syrup is used for a couple of different reasons in recipes. For one, it's sweet, so it adds a sugary flavor to your food. For two, it's an invert sugar (via David Lebovitz). This means that, when used in conjunction with regular sugar, it helps prevent crystallization, something you want to avoid when making smooth caramels and gooey pecan pies. So, what can you substitute for corn syrup when you run out?
The best corn syrup substitutes
The easiest corn syrup substitute, and one that's made with pantry staples, is made by dissolving 1 1/4 cups of granulated sugar in 1/4 cup hot water, to make a substitute for one cup of corn syrup (via MyRecipes).
That will give you the viscosity and sweetness you need to replicate corn syrup in most baked good recipes, but it won't help prevent sugar crystallization, so it's best to use something else in candy and caramel recipes.
You can use brown rice syrup or golden syrup, both invert sugars, as a corn syrup substitute when making caramels and candies (via Epicurious). Both have their own flavor profile — brown rice syrup tastes slightly nutty and toasted, while golden syrup has a buttery flavor — but those flavors work well in caramel-type applications.
If you don't need to worry about sugar crystallization, you can try using agave nectar, honey, or cane syrup in your recipe. They have the same ooey-gooey texture as corn syrup, and are about the same level of sweetness.
The next time you run out of corn syrup, don't panic. Chances are you have a corn syrup substitute already waiting in your pantry.


text: Physician disclosure of medical errors to institutions, patients and colleagues is important for patient safety, patient care and professional education, yet numerous factors pose impediments to disclosure. The authors of this article saw a need to define and organize the various influences on error disclosure in order to enhance interventions and to aid in the interpretation of the results of interventions. They reviewed 316 articles dealing with the physician experience of error reporting and identified 91 factors. Twenty-seven further factors were derived from exploratory focus group transcripts. Then quantitative analysis was used to organize the factors and confirmatory focus groups, and expert review validated the results. This sequence of methodologies helped the authors to develop a taxonomy of factors impeding disclosure (attitudinal barriers, uncertainties, helplessness, fears and anxieties) and facilitating factors (responsibility to patient, responsibility to self, responsibility to profession, responsibility to community). The taxonomy can serve to guide the design of error-reporting systems and to inform educational interventions to promote the disclosure of errors to patients. Future research will need to ascertain whether educational and institutional interventions actually reduce the influence of impeding factors or enhance the influence of facilitating factors.


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Welcome to a comprehensive guide on resolving the notorious isdone.dll error that has been causing headaches during Windows 10/11 installation of games. In this article, we will delve into effective solutions that will help you bid farewell to this frustrating error message once and for all. So, let's dive in and get your gaming experience back on track!
Causes of the Isdone.dll Error
There are several causes of the isdone. dll error when installing games on Windows 10 or 11. One common cause is a lack of available space on your computer's hard drive. To fix this issue, you can try freeing up space by deleting unnecessary files or moving them to an external storage device. Another possible cause is a problem with the game file itself. To resolve this, you can try downloading the isdone.
dll file from a reliable source and replacing it in the game's installation folder. Additionally, memory problems can also trigger the isdone. dll error. To fix this, you can increase your computer's virtual memory by adjusting the Windows Page File settings.
Increase Virtual Memory or Page File
To increase virtual memory or page file in Windows 10/11 and fix the isdone.dll error during game installations, follow these steps:
1. Press the Windows key + X and select "System" from the menu.
2. In the System window, click on "Advanced system settings" on the left.
3. In the System Properties window, go to the "Advanced" tab and click on "Settings" under the Performance section.
4. In the Performance Options window, go to the "Advanced" tab and click on "Change" under the Virtual Memory section.
5. Uncheck the "Automatically manage paging file size for all drives" box.
6. Select your system drive (usually C:) and choose "Custom size".
7. Set an initial size and a maximum size for the page file. The recommended size is 1.5 times your RAM memory, but you can adjust it based on your needs.
8. Click "OK" to apply the changes and restart your PC.
Increasing the virtual memory can help resolve memory-related issues and prevent isdone.dll errors during game installations.
Expand Hard Drive Space
If you're encountering the isdone.dll error while installing games on Windows 10/11, it could be due to insufficient hard drive space. To fix this issue, follow these steps:
1. Check your hard drive space: Press Windows Key + E to open File Explorer, right-click on your hard drive, and select "Properties." Ensure that you have enough free space for the game installation.
2. Clear unnecessary files: Use the built-in Disk Cleanup tool or a third-party tool like MiniTool Partition Wizard to delete temporary files, system files, and other unnecessary data.
3. Move or delete large files: Identify large files or folders that you no longer need and either move them to an external storage device or delete them to free up space.
4. Increase virtual memory: Press Windows Key + X, select "System," then click on "Advanced system settings." Under the "Performance" tab, click on "Settings" and go to the "Advanced" tab. Click on "Change" under "Virtual memory" and increase the initial and maximum size of the paging file.
By expanding your hard drive space, you can resolve the isdone.dll error and enjoy a smooth gaming experience on your Windows PC.
# Backup the original isdone.dll file
original_path = r'C:\Windows\System32\isdone.dll'
backup_path = r'C:\Windows\System32\isdone.dll.bak'
# Download a known good version of isdone.dll
download_url = '_URL_
downloaded_path = r'C:\Temp\isdone.dll'
# Code to download the file from the provided URL
# Replace the existing isdone.dll with the downloaded version
print("isdone.dll fix applied successfully!")
Please keep in mind that this code snippet is a simplified demonstration and should not be used without proper understanding of the potential risks and consequences of manipulating system files. It is always recommended to seek professional assistance or use official tools provided by trusted sources to fix DLL errors.
Check RAM and Hard Disk for Errors
|Check RAM and Hard Disk for Errors|
In order to fix the isdone.dll error during Windows 10/11 installation games, it is important to ensure that your RAM and hard disk are free from any errors. Here's how you can perform these checks:
To check your RAM for errors, follow these steps:
To check your hard disk for errors, follow these steps:
By checking your RAM and hard disk for errors, you can identify and resolve any underlying issues that may be causing the isdone.dll error during Windows 10/11 installation games.
Re-register the Isdone.dll File
To re-register the Isdone.dll file and fix the isdone.dll error on Windows 10/11 installation games, follow these steps:
1. Open the Command Prompt as an administrator.
2. Type "regsvr32 Isdone.dll" and press Enter to register the DLL file.
3. Restart your computer to apply the changes.
If the error persists, try these additional methods:
1. Use a reliable DLL fixer tool like MiniTool Partition Wizard or DLL-files.com to automatically fix DLL issues.
2. Check if the Isdone.dll file is present in the correct directory. If not, you may need to download it from a reliable source.
3. Ensure that your computer meets the minimum system requirements for the game you're installing.
4. Verify the integrity of the game files using the game's built-in verification tool or through Steam.
5. If you're installing the game from a DVD, clean the disc to remove any scratches or dirt that may be causing read errors.
6. Check your RAM memory for any issues that could be causing memory problems.
Run System File Checker and DISM Scan
To fix the isdone.dll error during Windows 10/11 installation for PC games, you can run the System File Checker (SFC) and DISM Scan. These tools help identify and repair any corrupt or missing system files that may be causing the error. Here's how to do it:
1. Open the Command Prompt as an administrator.
2. Type "sfc /scannow" and press Enter. This will initiate the System File Checker scan, which will check for and fix any issues with system files.
3. Once the scan is complete, type "dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth" and press Enter. This will start the DISM Scan, which will repair any corrupted files using Windows Update.
After completing these steps, restart your computer and try installing the game again. If the isdone.dll error persists, you may need to consider other methods such as using a DLL fixer or checking for any specific game file issues.
Install Game in Safe Mode
To install a game in safe mode and fix the isdone.dll error on Windows 10/11, follow these steps:
1. Restart your PC and press the F8 key repeatedly during startup to access the Advanced Boot Options menu.
2. Select "Safe Mode" from the list and press Enter.
3. Once in safe mode, open File Explorer and navigate to the game installation folder.
4. Locate the isdone.dll file and make a backup of it in case anything goes wrong.
5. Download a fresh copy of the isdone.dll file from a reliable source.
6. Replace the existing isdone.dll file with the downloaded one by copying it into the game installation folder.
7. Restart your PC normally and try installing the game again.
This method can help resolve isdone.dll errors by replacing any corrupted or missing DLL files. If the issue persists, further troubleshooting may be required.
Disable Antivirus and Firewall
If you're encountering the isdone.dll error during the installation of games on Windows 10 or 11, disabling your antivirus and firewall can help resolve the issue. These security programs may sometimes interfere with the installation process and cause the error to occur. To disable them, follow these steps:
1. Open the Start menu and search for "Windows Security."
2. Click on "Windows Security" to open the app.
3. In the app, click on "Virus & threat protection" in the left-hand menu.
4. Click on "Manage settings" under the "Virus & threat protection settings" section.
5. Toggle off the "Real-time protection" switch to disable the antivirus.
6. To disable the firewall, go back to the main "Windows Security" page and click on "Firewall & network protection" in the left-hand menu.
7. Click on the network profile you're currently using (e.g., Public or Private).
8. Toggle off the "Windows Defender Firewall" switch to disable the firewall.
Once you've disabled your antivirus and firewall, try installing the game again to see if the isdone.dll error persists.


Bright Side
8 Art Masterpieces With Hidden Imperfections
To err is human, and even undisputed geniuses make mistakes sometimes.
Bright Side took a fresh look at eight world-famous art masterpieces and discovered some inaccuracies, intentional or not. Don't miss a small test for art connoisseurs at the end!
8. David by Michelangelo
The statue of the biblical hero was carved from a single block of Carrara marble. Michelangelo's sculptures are usually very anatomically accurate, but David has a small flaw: there is a missing muscle between the spine and the right scapula. The sculptor couldn't carve it because of a defect in the marble block.
7. The Ninth Wave by Ivan Aivazovsky
This painting depicts waves with curving crests. Aivazovsky observed this kind of wave from the shore, believing them to be the same anywhere in the sea. But the waves that arise during storms in the open sea are cone-shaped and look different to those in the shallows.
6. Moses by Michelangelo
A mistranslation in the Book of Exodus led to the biblical prophet having horns. The Hebrew word karnayim can be translated as "rays" or "horns," and the description of Moses having rays of light coming from his head was wrongly interpreted.
5. A Bar at the Folies-Bergère by Édouard Manet
If you look closely at the mirror, you can spot that the reflection is not true to the reality: the bottles on the counter are placed differently, and the bartender seems to be looking in another direction. As is often the case in art, experts can't agree on whether Manet did that on purpose.
4. The Night Watch by Rembrandt
This painting is full of unsolved riddles. A lot of debate arose over the gloves of Captain Frans Banning Cocq: in his right, gloved hand he is holding another right-hand glove. Many art historians think that this was a way to give the painting a touch of humor. Others believe that the glove is a left-hand one, and the captain is just holding it by the ring finger while the thumb is pointed at the viewer.
3. The Supper at Emmaus by Caravaggio
A careful viewer may notice that the basket with fruit is sticking out over the edge of the table but doesn't fall, defying the laws of physics. Art experts, in their turn, notice that the fruit doesn't match the season: the painting is set on the eve of Easter, before the fall harvesting. All these mistakes are intentional: apples and grapes, as well as the fish-shaped shadow from the basket, carry Christian symbolism and evangelical references.
2. The Birth of Venus by Botticelli
Even though Renaissance art is characterized by anatomical accuracy, the works of Botticelli diverge from realism. His goddess of love has conspicuous defects: a swollen foot and an excessively long neck. According to one version, these mistakes are a deliberate attempt to avoid depicting a perfect female body.
1. The Sistine Madonna by Raphael
At first glance, you might get the impression that Pope Sixtus II has six fingers on his right hand. After a more careful inspection, though, you realize that what you had taken for the sixth finger is a part of his palm. The outgrowth next to Madonna's little toe, however, can be a sign of polydactyly - an anomaly characterized by an extra number of digits.
Bonus: check your knowledge of a famous work of art
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actions or inactions led to injury.
Because it varies significantly by state and its provision is influenced by individual circumstances, governmental immunity is something of an elusive standard. Assessing a public school's duty to provide for the health, safety, and welfare of its students and determining how well it fulfilled or failed to fulfill that duty from the perspective of a reasonable school administrator provides the starting point for determining whether school immunity will prevail. This determination and analysis of applications of governmental immunity can either be used as a school defense against liability, or as a way of piercing governmental immunity by plaintiffs.
 Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Missouri, New Hampshire, and New Mexico do not address discretionary actions as potential exceptions to governmental immunity in school liability cases.
Dr. Edward Dragan, provides education expert consultation for high-profile and complicated cases. As an educator and administrator, he has more than 35 years' experience as a teacher, principal, superintendent and director of special education. He also has served as a state department of education official.
©Copyright - All Rights Reserved
DO NOT REPRODUCE WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION BY AUTHOR.


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Nautical Archaeologists have recently discovered a Roman era shipwreck off of the coast of Albania. The wreck, which dates to the 1st century BCE was filled with amphorae used to store wine. Archaeologists believe that merchants were transporting the wine from Albania's vineyards to be sold throughout the Mediterranean.
In spite of its age and relatively shallow depth (50 m below sea level), the wreck is remarkably well preserved and nearly all of the vessel seem to be in tact. Both American and Albanian archaeologists will work together to excavate the findings and are excited about the potential for insight it provides about this period in Roman history.
To read more about the wreck and its findings, see this article on MSNBC.


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Hawaiian language online
About Hawaiian diacritical marks
The Hawaiian language uses two diacritical markings. The okina is a glottal stop, similar to the sound between the syllables of "oh-oh." In print, the correct mark for designating an okina is the single open quote mark. The kahako is a macron, which lengthens and adds stress to the marked vowel. For example 'pau,' depending on placement of okina and kahako, can mean completed, smudge, moist or skirt.
The State of Hawaii and University of Hawaii strongly encourage use of Hawaiian diacritical markings. (See UH Style Guide.) Technology, however, is still catching up.
Choose the level of Hawaiian font display
Depending on your browser, operating system and installed fonts, you may be able to display Hawaiian diacritical marks. If not, they will generally appear as boxes or question marks. In that case, you can choose either to use a foot mark (') as an approximation of the okina or display text without diacritical marks.
Your setting selection will be maintained for this browser and this session only.
- Display no diacritical markings
- Use the footmark () for the okina, but do not display macrons
- Show all diacritical markings
Click on the links above and watch the demo text below change. If you see boxes instead of diacritical marks, you do not have the fonts installed and should turn off the diacritical option for your session.
Hawaiian language demo
The University of Hawaii System consists of 10 campuses, 7 community colleges and 3 university level campuses. The Manoa campus, on the island of Oahu, is the flagship campus with more than 18,000 students enrolled.
Ua haku ia ke Kualono e ka Hale Kuamoo, Ke Kulanui o Hawaii ma Hilo e kakoo ai i na kaiaulu olelo Hawaii a puni ke ao. Oiai, ma ka olelo Hawaii ka hapanui o na ike, he mau palapala olelo Pelekane no hoi ko loko no ka poe hoihoi i ke ao ana i ka olelo Hawaii a i ole no ka poe hoihoi i ka hoonaauao ia no ka olelo oiwi o Hawaii nei a me ka holomua o ka olelo Hawaii.


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Synonyms for Common Comfrey: Blackroot, boneset, bruisewort, comfrey, consound, knitback, knitbone, slippery root
Scientific Name: Symphytum officinale L.
Family: Boraginaceae (borage family)
This plant likes the wet. From May to September dense clusters of its flowers, usually reddish violet, more rarely whitish yellow, adorn damp meadows and the banks of streams. The opening flowers unfold one after the other like the tips of fern fronds. Common comfrey grows from a thick, juicy rootstock and its shoots can reach a metre in height. The root is black on the outside and white inside. Comfrey is easily recognisable by its drooping, bell-shaped flowers with their long, protruding pistils, as well as by its bristly hairs which resemble those of the related borage. The lanceolate leaves taper towards the stem. The stalks of the upper leaves grow along the stem like wings, each reaching down to the leaf below.


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Leading Modern Learning [Second Edition]
A Blueprint for Vision-Driven Schools
Redesign education to empower modern learners and meet the needs of the 21st century classroom with Leading Modern Learning, Second Edition. Authors Jay McTighe and Greg Curtis will guide school and district leaders—as well as teacher and curriculum teams—through implementing a system of effective modern learning practices.
Add this eBook to your credit card purchase and gain immediate access.
eBooks are available on desktop, Android, and iOS via Adobe Digital Editions. eBook purchases are limited to one eBook per title, per account. Please visit the eBook FAQ for more information.
A framework of education reform for empowering modern learners
Redesign education to meet the needs of 21st century students. In the second edition of Leading Modern Learning, authors Jay McTighe and Greg Curtis outline a reworked version of their blueprint for major education reform. More than a simple refresh, the latest edition incorporates new insights, experiences, and tools that will help you implement modern learning practices in your department, school, or district.
Use this book to guide education and curriculum reform and empower modern learners:
- Understand the necessity and value of education reform and updating school curriculum for the 21st century classroom.
- Explore systems thinking and frameworks for backward-design that can be utilized by school leadership to develop action plans and guide school curriculum reform for modern learning.
- Read an all-new chapter on change management and strategic planning for district and school leadership as well as new Notes From the Field, which highlight how to avoid potential missteps and misunderstandings that inhibit progress.
- Utilize the appendices and free reproducibles to further your understanding of education reform, curriculum development, and school leadership for modern learning.
A joint publication of ASCD and Solution Tree
Product Code: BKF850, EKF443
Published By: Solution Tree
Page Count: 248
"Rarely does a book so delightfully blend theory, evidence, and practical application. In this wonderfully interactive format, McTighe and Curtis invite us to not merely read their work but to study it in a collaborative setting. Readers' investment of time will improve teaching, learning, and leadership, and most importantly, it will propel the engagement of students."
"Leading Modern Learning provided the blueprint to the development of a guaranteed and viable curriculum for Shanghai American School's four hundred teachers and 2,800 students. Since we adopted our schoolwide transfer goals, all conversations have been focused on learning that truly matters."
"In the digital millennial age, where we must constantly rethink how we lead schools, Leading Modern Learning offers an innovative blueprint on how to successfully utilize a school's vision to drive day-to-day instructional practices and curriculum. I highly recommend this book for any aspiring or practicing school leader who is looking to effectively lead schools in the 21st century and beyond."
"This book makes a significant contribution to the current thinking about transforming schools into systems where thoughtful work takes place at every level. Jay McTighe and Greg Curtis refresh the original book with new insights and field notes from their practice. Regardless of the programs you are considering, this book provides a critical road map for change. Thank you, Jay and Greg, for writing this second edition. It is a real commitment to sharing your continuous learning journey."
"Both practical and aspirational, this book provides a clear, detailed, and informed plan for closing the considerable gap between how teaching and learning are often planned and implemented and how they would be designed and enacted if we were determined to do what we already know to do. This is no Jetson-like school of the future, but rather a familiar place made extraordinary through deep thinking and sustained planning. Leading Modern Learning provides the tools and guidance for leaders with the vision and courage to use them."
"This second edition of Leading Modern Learning provides a fresh lens for looking at contemporary education. Jay McTighe and Greg Curtis peel away the layers of quality schooling to reveal the most critical steps necessary for our contemporary context. The style and substance of this book both engage and challenge the reader, often simultaneously—it is a call to action for educational leaders. This book offers so much more than theory, and it should be a book club choice for educators worldwide."
"When a community commits to their vision for 21st century student success, they are embarking on one of the most important challenges in education—transforming teaching and learning practices. This updated edition by Jay McTighe and Greg Curtis provides school leaders with the necessary road map to classroom practice that teachers have been waiting for."


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There are many recent technologies that have signalled a shift in the way
data is sent within a desktop computer in order to increase speed and
efficiency. Universal Serial Bus (USB), Serial ATA, and RDRAM, are all examples
of moving away from a parallel architecture to a high-speed serial format,
designed to ensure maximum bandwidth and provide future scalability.
The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Bus has been widely used as a general purpose I/O interconnect standard over the last ten years, but is really beginning to hit the limits of its capabilities. Extensions to the PCI standards, such as 64-bit slots and clock speeds of 66MHz or 100MHz, are too costly, and just cannot meet the rapidly increasing bandwidth demands in PCs over the next few years.
3rd Generation IO, or 3GIO, has been recently renamed PCI Express, and looks to be the replacement for the ubiquitous PCI bus, the most successful peripheral interconnect bus used in PCs. With support coming in the Intel Grantsdale chipset, along with Microsoft's next version of Windows, codenamed Longhorn, let's take a look at the technology that is designed to last the computer industry for the next ten years.


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Elastic laser spans the spectrum
May 16, 2001
A laser that changes colour when it stretches has been developed by a team of scientists from Germany and the US. Heino Finkelmann of Albert-Ludwigs University in Freiburg, Germany, and co-workers based the device on a liquid crystal with a spiral structure that behaves like a spring. It emits green light in its unstressed state, but this shifts to red when the spring is stretched (H Finkelmann et al 2001 Advanced Materials at press). The tunable laser could be invaluable in the communications industry to send light of different wavelengths through fibre optic cables.
All of the molecules in one plane of a so-called cholesteric liquid crystal are aligned, and the molecules in each successive plane are rotated slightly with respect to those in the previous plane. This creates a series of parallel helices within the liquid crystal. Over a certain length of the helix, the molecules gradually turn through a full circle - this distance is known as the pitch.
When light shines into the liquid crystal along the axis of the helixes, the light in a short frequency range - with a central wavelength exactly equal to the pitch length - is strongly reflected. This effect can be exploited to make a laser by adding a fluorescent dye to the liquid crystal. The dye is chosen such that the peak in its emission coincides with the wavelength reflected by the liquid crystal. When a laser stimulates this structure, the emission profile is modified and the dye emits laser light at the wavelengths that correspond to the edges of the'reflection band'.
Finkelmann's team realised that this effect could be controlled by adding the dye to a type of highly uniform elastic liquid crystal known as a cholesteric liquid single crystal elastomer, and exciting the system with a laser. When elongated, they found that the laser light shifted from green to red, with a wavelength spread of just 0.3 nanometres. Most lasers have mirrors that form an optical cavity in which the light is amplified, but in the elastic laser the liquid crystal itself behaves as a 'distributed' cavity in which the laser light is continually internally reflected.


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Lately I've been obsessed with all things 3-D, especially when done in a MacGyver-ish low budget way. One technique I used for an NPR Music YouTube feature is cutely called "wiggle stereoscopy." The basic idea: take a few photos of one thing, shifting the camera slightly for each frame, and then play them back quickly like a flipbook. Anybody with a camera can make stereographic photos, but here are some interesting examples I've come across in my 3-D research.
San Francisco-based artist Joshua Heineman is taking the vintage approach. "Although stereo photography has existed almost as long as photography itself," he wrote in an e-mail, "that we have a staggering collection of stereo imagery from the past seems to be largely unknown."
Heineman digs up old stereographs at the New York Public Library, some of which date as far back as the 19th century. Historically, they would spring to life with the use of a stereoscope. But Heineman converts them to animated GIFs, which he has now compiled in a series called "Reaching for the Out of Reach."
Mexico City-based photographer Jaime Martinez, on the other hand, makes his wiggles from scratch. He began creating animated GIFs from images he'd found online. But things got serious when he started using his own vintage multiple lens camera.
His 3-D animations caught the attention of the popular musician M.I.A., who signed him to her record label. These days, Martinez spends much of his time traveling and photographing musicians, often with his old 3-D camera.
Taking it a step further, there are even people making wiggle videos:
There are many different methods of making something look 3-D — or wiggly. But one of the simplest ways to enliven a flat image, which requires no extra tools or glasses, is the cross-eyed method. Place two images of the same thing, taken from slightly different angles, side by side. The image taken from the left goes on the right, and the image from the right goes on the left. Cross your eyes and line the images up. (Use the red dots in this example to make it easier.)
NPR Music's Stephen Thompson
Or, if you want to create a simple two-image animated GIF like the ones Martinez and Heineman make, there's a program that makes it easy. Do you have 3-D creations? Leave them in the comments. And be sure to check out NPR's Intern Edition, now in 3-D. Also related: Brian May of Queen discusses his passion for stereographin'.


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BBC News
watch One-Minute World News
Last Updated: Wednesday, 20 August, 2003, 16:12 GMT 17:12 UK
Ashcroft trumpets anti-terror laws
By Rachel Clarke
BBC News Online in Washington
US Attorney General John Ashcroft has begun a national tour to defend and promote the controversial Patriot Act.
US Attorney General John Ashcroft addressing the American Enterprise Institute
Mr Ashcroft cited Lincoln and Churchill in his argument
He is scheduled to make speeches before select audiences of law enforcement officers to argue the merits of the new anti-terrorist powers approved by Congress in the wake of the 11 September 2001 attacks on the United States.
The legislation had overwhelming backing from politicians when it was introduced just six weeks after thousands of people were killed in New York, Washington and Pennsylvania.
But growing opposition to the Patriot Act has now become a political issue, with legal challenges being made to what are seen by some as measures that impinge on people's civil liberties and rights.
The administration seems keen to tackle the issue before President Bush goes up for re-election next year in a campaign that will feature the war on terror heavily.
In addition to the attorney general's tour, it has launched a "Preserving life and liberty" website highlighting what it sees as the Patriot Act's key role in protecting innocent Americans.
'We are safer'
Mr Ashcroft began his campaign with a strong speech in Washington, insisting that the law was not only constitutional but an effective and necessary tool in the fight against terrorism, which he called "the cause of our time".
He said the Patriot Act was already addressing many of the key failures identified by a lengthy Congressional investigation into the events which allowed the 11 September attacks to be planned and executed without US agencies being able to "connect the dots" from the various clues they had.
Going back on the Patriot Act now would "senselessly imperil American lives and American liberty, and ignore the lessons of 11 September," he said.
John Ashcroft,
US Attorney General
"The cause we have chosen is just. The course we have chosen is constitutional. The course we have chosen is preserving lives," he said.
"For two years Americans have been safe. Because we are safer, our liberties are more secure."
Mr Ashcroft quoted at length from Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address made during the US Civil War on how to honour the dead. He also quoted Sir Winston Churchill, Britain's World War II leader who asked Americans to give the UK the tools to overcome Adolf Hitler and Nazism.
Mr Ashcroft told an audience at the conservative American Enterprise Institute in Washington: "While our job is not finished, we have used the tools provided in the Patriot Act to fulfil our first responsibility to protect the American people.
Even the Republican-led House of Representatives has become involved in recent weeks, striking down "sneak-and-peek" rules which allowed government agents to search private property without telling the owner.
Of course Americans want to be safe, but they also want - and deserve - to be free
Laura Murphy,
American Civil Liberties Union
Other controversial areas - such as agents being allowed to scrutinise people's library records without showing what crime they believe could be being committed - still stand despite challenges.
Mr Ashcroft's tour to garner support for the Patriot Act is being likened to a political campaign trip. His stops will include cities in Iowa, Michigan and Ohio which could be crucial to President Bush's re-election campaign next year.
Laura Murphy, director of the Washington legislative office of the American Civil Liberties Union, questioned the merits of spending public money on what amounted to a "charm offensive" for the legislation.
But she welcomed the attention now being focused on the Patriot Act by so many different parts of society.
"Of course Americans want to be safe, but they also want - and deserve - to be free," she said.
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