text: The influence of angle matching in rotor–stator interference (RSI) zone on natural circulation resistance (NCR) of circulating pump in natural circulation condition is illustrated by numerical method, and the analysis and optimization method of natural circulation based on loss coefficient curve are established through experiments. The mechanism and analysis formula of runaway speed are extracted, and the distribution diagram of Euler head density function (EHDF) is obtained to carry out image processing and analysis of secondary flow. Then, the optimal design interval of setting angle of impeller outlet under low flow resistance is acquired. As for the natural circulation loss of static parts, the optimal design interval of guide vane inlet angle and outlet angle with low flow resistance is obtained by analyzing the EHDF distribution diagram of the whole flow parts, which accounts for the position and reason of resistance. In this paper, the mechanism between runaway speed and loss coefficient curve is revealed and the resistance is optimized through the design and analysis of the RSI region, which provides theoretical methods for the analysis of the impeller performance of axial-flow circulating pump. Furthermore, it is a reference for the optimization design of natural circulation system.


Image Credit: Rob Swatski / Flickr. This image has been modified.
How to Improve Artery Function
Endothelial dysfunction is the initial step in the development of peripheral artery disease, heart disease, and stroke. As I discuss in my video Plant-Based Diets and Artery Function, the remarkable finding is that progressive endothelial dysfunction—the decline in the functioning of our arteries—is not an inevitable consequence of aging. We can retain the arterial function we had in our 20s into our 60s, like the elderly Chinese in my video Tea and Artery Function. This may be due in part to green tea intake, but "[o]ther important dietary differences relating to increased consumption of vegetables and fish, with lower consumption of [other meat and dairy] in the traditional Chinese diet, may be contributing to the protection observed in older Chinese arteries."
It's probably not the fish. Pooling all the best double-blind, placebo-controlled studies found that fish oil supplementation has no significant effect on endothelial function. In by far the largest study done to date, a comparison of doses of fish oil equivalent to one, two, or four servings of fish per week found no effects of these long-chain omega-3 fats. This is consistent with studies that have looked at whole fish consumption as well.
Overall, there was no significant association between fish intake and endothelial function. In fact, in women, those eating the most fish had the worst arterial function. Women who ate fish more than twice a week had significantly impaired endothelial function compared to those who never or only rarely ate fish.
So, if it's not the fish, could it be the plants? Vegetarian diets appear to have a directly beneficial effect on endothelial function. Indeed, vegetarians' arteries dilate four times better than omnivores' arteries. But, could that simply be because vegetarians tend to smoke less? Within five minutes of smoking a single cigarette, our endothelium is brought to its knees, completely clamped down, and this happens if you're a smoker or simply breathing in second-hand smoke. But the diet study excluded all smokers completely. The beneficial effects were independent of non-dietary risk factors. In fact, a healthy diet may even trump smoking. The preservation of endothelial function in older Chinese may help explain why they have such low heart attack rates despite their high prevalence of cigarette smoking. And, the improved arterial function was well correlated with the duration of eating vegetarian: The longer they ate healthy, the better their endothelial function appeared to be.
That was a cross-sectional study, though, a snapshot in time, so you can't prove cause and effect. What we need is an interventional trial—put people on a plant-based diet and see if their arterial function improves—which is exactly what Dr. Dean Ornish did, showing a significant boost in arterial function compared to control.
Is this just some intangible risk factor test result, though, or does it actually have real world implications? Are their arteries naturally dilating so much better that their chest pain actually improves?
Ornish showed that on his plant-based diet and lifestyle program, cardiac patients had a 91 percent reduction in angina attacks. In contrast, control group patients, who instead were told to follow the advice of their personal physicians for diet and lifestyle advice, had a 186 percent increase in reported angina attacks. This "marked reduction in frequency, severity, and duration of angina [chest pain with the plant-based lifestyle intervention]…was sustained at similar levels after 5 years. This long-term reduction in angina is comparable with that achieved following coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty," but without the knife.
But that was back in the 1990s, when Ornish was only studying a few dozen patients at a time. How about a thousand patients put on a healthy lifestyle track with a whole-food, plant-based diet? Within three months, nearly three-quarters of angina patients became angina-free.
Wait a second. The Ornish program involves a number of other healthy lifestyle interventions, such as exercise. How do we know it was the diet? That's precisely the topic of my Plant-Based Treatment for Angina video.
What would happen if, instead of going on a plant-based diet, you went on a low-carb diet? You don't want to know. But if you must, check out Low-Carb Diets and Coronary Blood Flow.
For more on green tea, see Tea and Artery Function.
What effects might other foods have? See:
And don't miss my overview video: How Not to Die from Heart Disease.
In health,
Michael Greger, M.D.
Michael Greger M.D., FACLM
Pin It on Pinterest
Share This


text:
Confetti popcorn is fun as a party food or as a snack. This recipe is great because even younger kids can help prepare it; there aren't too many elements that can only be done by adults.
The white chocolate makes the popcorn sweet but not cloyingly so. It's a nice alternative to caramel popcorn if you and the kids still want something sweet. This snack is better suited to winter; hot weather and chocolate will lead to many sticky and messy hands if you're serving it up in summer.
Preparation Time: 10 minutes
Cooking Time: 10 minutes (plus time to let the chocolate set)
Makes: 1 large bowl of popcorn
Ingredients 1/4 cup of popcorn (unpopped or pre-made)
5 tablespoons of vegetable oil
1 bag of white chocolate melts
Hundreds and thousands or sprinkles
If you're using popping corn instead of the pre-made stuff, prepare using the instructions on the packet. Often this involves using about 5 tablespoons of vegetable oil to 1/4 cup of popcorn. Head the oil, and use one kernel to test if it's hot enough. If it pops you're ready to go. Use a tea towel to hold on to the handles and lid of your pot and give it a shake occasionally to make sure nothing burns.
Transfer the popcorn to a bowl or tray. Using a large but shallow tray is best because it allows you to spread the chocolate and 100s and 1000s evenly through the popcorn.
Melt your chocolate in a microwave safe bowl in 20 or 30 second intervals. Stir each time. Once the chocolate is smooth, pour it evenly over popcorn.
Once you've stirred the chocolate though, sprinkle 100s and 1000s over the popcorn. Stir it through and then repeat, making sure you don't have layers of popcorn underneath left unsprinkled.
Leave the chocolate to set completely and then break up the popcorn and serve it in a large bowl or in individual popcorn containers.
Making confetti popcorn is even a way to do some fun learning. Take a look at how the corn kernels go from a little seed to popcorn when they're heated in the saucepan, or how the chocolate becomes a liquid once it's melted in the microwave.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


GoKunming Articles
Kunming trees and utilities still suffering from January cold
By in News on
One month ago, Kunming suffered through its coldest day in three decades. The temperature dipped to eight degrees centigrade below zero in some parts of the city. While such temperatures were extremely inconvenient for people going about their daily lives, the cold was downright deadly for uncounted numbers of trees and water meters across the Spring City.
Hope for Kunming's trees?
For the past month, tree trimmers have moved methodically through town, hacking dead limbs off of heartier species and uprooting or cutting down tropical perennials that did not survive the January cold snap. Many of the city's trees suffered from the plant equivalent of "frostbite", and the current chill may affect them further, says Professor of Ecology Li Yuanbiao (李元表) of Yunnan Agricultural University.
Most Spring City trees should rebound if not hurt by further subzero weather or over-eager pruning. As long as root systems and trunks remain in good shape, trees should bloom normally when warmer weather returns, according to Li.
However, he cautioned that assessing the health of thousands of trees was nearly impossible, and that the city should not rush to replace or cut down seemingly damaged specimens until they have had a chance to recover. Nevertheless, city workers and tree trimming companies have taken a seemingly drastic approach along roads and inside neighborhoods throughout Kunming. We will have to wait until spring temperatures rise before seeing the full extent of the damage.
Water meter fix almost finished
Sub-freezing temperatures just before Spring Festival also wreaked havoc on more than 60,000 residential water meters. Some froze and quit working, while others ruptured and sprung leaks. Statistics released by the Kunming Water Company (KWC) show outages and damaged meters affected five percent of the company's 1.1 million customers.
Repair crews have worked furiously throughout February, but reports of broken pipes and gauges are still coming in, especially from people returning late from the New Year holiday. A company spokesman said KWC will respond to the forty or so service calls it is currently receiving on a daily basis "in the order they are received", until the problem is fixed.
Households with water problems can call phone a 24-hour hotline at _PHONE_ to report issues. Replacement services for broken meters are free, but those who contract an independent company for speedier labor will not be reimbursed for their trouble, according to a KWC statement.
Image: Patrick Scally
Share this article
I would suggest that hundreds of thousands of trees, shrubs and plants were killed by the cold. Air quality and air safety is going to be a real problem in the area without a massive replanting scheme by all. Yes some plants will revive. Some will be finished off by massive over trimming. The continuing cold weather is not helping. What is the government planning to do and how can we help?
I hope someone from local government reads this.
It would be good if they replant with varieties that are more indigenous to the area. Both drought and cold resistant.
Vast amounts of water is used on a lot of the shrubs in the city when the weather is dry, and the subtropical species with very fleshy leaves will tolerate neither frost, nor drought.
Ok, some of these species may not be as pretty but they are more sustainable.
Just went cycling, and really missing the shade the trees provided. Strange that the palm trees all seem fine.
I am no expert on plants and trees but it's fairly common that things die in winter and magically grow back in spring. I was very surprised to see the extent of the cutting back of the trees. But now all is clear.
Today i saw some of the remaining trees in the centre being not only cut back, but then uprooted and taken away. The irony is that they spent such a long time messing round with the trees after the winter and now Spring has arrived most remaining trees are sprouting new shoots. By Summer they'd be fine.
However when someone sees an opportunity to waste funds and fill their own pockets contracts for new trees are drawn up quickly.
Maybe I'm jumping to conclusions but I see no other reason why this is being done.
I'm no expert either, but I'm pretty sure that cutting back the dead areas of the trees, if it's done correctly, helps the living parts of the trees to put out new shoots - uprooting them, probably not.
They may be using the opportunity to switch out some of the tree species that do require a lot of watering for most of the year. This is a huge drain on the water supply (no pun intended) and government budgets for labor.
The water that is sprayed on the streets to reduce dust and on the plants and trees comes from the sewer. If you look carefully, you will see the trucks lined up near the canals filling their tanks. They do not use potable water for these things.
_USER_: I don't think this hurts the trees, does it?
If done right, it can help the trees.
Some old garden hacks even say, once dead tree, will have stronger branches and grow better fruits and better canopies.
But if their water capillaries are cut,or destroyed due to the water expansion, -from the ice or frost, they are gone.
You are right, usually farmers or gardeners with lots of experience even get surprised sometimes what tree or plant, once written off.... came back beautifully.
But let's be honest most of those gardening blokes don't know anything. No blame, they are cheap farmers hired, to do whatever their leader orders them to do.
And there is the problem, that we have complete morons running the watering and gardening in Kunming. I asked one of the fore workers, once what sort of flower bush this is. He had actually no clue, and ordered his team to spray it for 5 minutes. A few weeks later, it was dead.
human poop water isn't harmful for the plant, necessarily but it's harmful for humans and it can lead to unwanted growth and even kill a plant. If you have a garden, pee once a day on a small tree or bush and see what happens.
The sewage water is from a closed water cycle, and it won't come back unless it rains.
Sometimes the stupidity of Kunming's city management is still surprising me. Although it's funny sometimes.
The stuff I mentioned is something anyone, who ever planted more than one flower or plant, knows. And should know.
Can't remember personally planting anything for a very long time. However, I'd imagine the cheap farmers have. I'm not sure the problem is their ignorance, but perhaps that of their leaders, but they're stuck for economic reasons and so have to follow orders. Anyway, it's not as if their are no good gardeners in China - seems it's a matter of making sure those who are are allowed to get into positions where their 'orders' will be the ones that make sense.
I have no problem with cutting back the trees for better growth but the trees on my street and many in Wuhua are now being dug up (roots cut off i.e killed) and bags of earth left for the tree that will replace it. These are tree that have new shoots. Seems very illogical and money/time-wasting. Surely either a big mistake in management or someone is making a big profit on the new trees at the people's expense
Uprooted and destroyed trees again now the weathers got colder. Is this Kunming's new policy? Plant some trees, when it gets cold uproot them, then a month or so later plant some trees again!
I smell the stink of a corrupted politician taking up briberies in favour of this nonsense practice.
The trees are mentioned in this article about the former leader gone to jail. _URL_
Those trees should never have been planted, they were water hungry in a city suffering from drought. They tried to same them where I live, but were not 100% successful, and now they are digging out the stumps. Local species that can survive local weather conditions are more sustainable.
Is Kunming currently still suffering from drought?
nother inane question. a tree isnt just for xmas a tree is for life.
_USER_ +1
No dazzer, trees are not for life
Login to comment


Salary Continuation Plans
A salary continuation plan is a corporate sponsored benefit generally designed to replace an executive's income in the event of his/her death, retirement or disability. The benefit plan is exempt from ERISA and must be confined to a select group of highly compensated people. Because it is exempt from ERISA and is a non-qualified benefit, the company may decide which executives participate and the level of their benefit. For example, the CEO might have 100% of his/her salary replaced by the plan while other executives may have a smaller percentage of their income replaced. In addition, the company may have a "years of service" requirement before the executive is eligible for the benefit. This type of benefit, as opposed to a deferred compensation plan, is fully funded by the company.
A plan begins with a written agreement (Plan Document) outlining the provisions of the plan including how the participating executive qualifies for a benefit. The advantages to the company of establishing a salary continuation plan are:
 1. Its simplicity and ease of administration;
 2. They assist in the attraction and retention of key executives;
 3. They are flexible, allowing for different benefit levels and vesting schedules;
 4. With life insurance, company plan costs can be recovered.
Some of the benefits to executives are:
 1. Personal financial security;
 2. Benefit amounts can be negotiated with the employer;
 3. Acts as a supplement to the 401(k) plan for retirement.
Corporate owned life insurance (COLI) is an excellent way to fund a salary continuation death and retirement benefit. The cash value grows tax-free on the corporate balance sheet and can be used to pay the retirement benefit. An individual supplemental disability policy is then used to fund the disability benefit that cannot be funded by the group long term disability plan.


text:
For the third year, middle school science teachers from across Ohio came to Otterbein's campus in June to learn new teaching strategies. Approximately 30 teachers from 11 school districts participated in OP2: Operation Physics, a tuition-free, five semester-hour graduate course that combines basic physical science concepts with hands-on materials and activities. It is modeled after a successful program developed by the National Science Foundation. OP2: Operation Physics was made possible this year by a grant of $106,480 from the Ohio Board of Regents.
"Our goal is to produce teachers who are excited and confident about teaching physical science in the middle grades, and who are competent to do so," said Wendy Sherman Heckler, OP2: Operation Physics instructor.
"I anticipate more hands-on activity in my classroom, more asking why, predicting what's going to happen, what's the science behind it," said LeeAnn Hoerle, a fifth-grade teacher for South-Western City School District.
Below is a photo of the event. For more information about OP2: Operation Physics, visit _URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Arowana -general information PDF Print E-mail
User Rating: / 19
You have huge tank? Maybe you found a new "pet".
Arowana is a very unique fish, some varieties can grow up to four feet long (120 cm).
The fish name came from the native Indonesian language that means ARWANA or NIRWANA
meaning fish of paradise,
The locals believe that the Arowana fish brings fortune and good luck perhaps because its gold
color and its dragon appearance,
Some people name the Arowana the dragon fish. Fossils indicate its primitive origins from the
Jurassic age which makes it prehistoric
than any other pet.
 arowana taxonomy
Most common Arowana species in the hobby:
Asian ArowanaScleropages formosus
Spotted ArowanaScleropages leichardti
Northern ArowanaScleropages jardini
Silver ArowanaOsteoglossum bicirrhosum
African ArowanaHeterotis niloticus
Black ArowanaOsteoglossum ferreirai
Arowana (Dragon fish)
Arowana fish known as feisty and aggressive fish but known as well as smart fish that can learn to
eat from keeper hands.
All Arowana varieties known as carnivores, in nature they fed on fish, birds, and Insects and
other living creatures, some varieties such as the silver Arowana have been known to jump to trees
in order to catch insects.
In order to keep Arowana in home tank you need to understand that this fish produce a lot of
waste and you should therefore need to pay attention to your tank water especially to ammonia levels,
Arowana keepers perform change water 2-3 times a week, along with water changes you need to
have suitable filtration system, you also should maintain the PH natural.
Due to his aggression it will be best kept alone in an aquarium, smaller fish will became part of its diet.
Another tip raising Arowana is to cover the tank, the Arowana swim in the top of the aquarium and capable
of jumping to your carpet.
Wile in your tank you should keep them on 75-86F (24-30) and PH 7-7.5, you should treat Arowana as you
have diamonds, some of the variant such as golden Arowana or Asian Arowana is considered an
endangered species, the silver Arowana and black Arowana are more common in the hobby
and significantly cheaper than the Asian Arowana.
The silver Arowana comes from the Amazon basin, they can grow to around 46 inches in the wild,
In aquariums they are usually smaller, this species known to be a good jumper, In the wild they catch
insects from the trees, just like the golden Arowana they will thrives in temperature between
24-30c (75-86f), many fish keepers have hard time using this species to eat non live food, they will
always prefer to eat meaty food such as fish, shrimp and worms.
Similar to other species you need to keep it alone in the tank, the silver Arowana known to be very
aggressive towards it own kind, small Arowana (20-30 cm) can be kept in the main tank with other fish
but you have to pay attention as it grows it will be more and more aggressive and it will be the right time to
setup an aquarium just for it.
The northern Arowana is found mostly in northern Australia, this species can grow to around
36 inches (90 cm), the northern Arowana feed on fish, shrimp, insects and other small creatures
and best kept at temperature of 72-80f (22-27c) and PH level of 6-7.5.
The Northern Arowana is known to be less aggressive then others.
The spotted Arowana is found mostly in southern Australia, similar to the northern Arowana this
species can grow to 36 inches, unlike other arowanas this species lives in the bottom, they have
the same nutrition as the northern Arowana feeding on shrimp, fish and Insects.
This Arowana fish species prefers temperatures between 75and 86F (24-30 C), and a
PH level of 6.5-7.5.
The African Arowana comes from central and western Africa, this Arowana can grow up to
40 inches (100cm) in nature wile In captivity they are usually smaller.
This species are rare just like the Asian Arowana, they prefers temperatures between 75 and 86F (24-30 C)
and a pH level of 6.7-7.5.
Their nutrition based on fish, shrimp, worms and insects.
The Black Arowana comes from South America in the Rio Negro basin, they grow up to
around 40 inches (100 cm), best kept in 75-86f (24-30) and PH level of 5-7.
Their nutrition based on insects, fish and worms.
Good luck with your arowana…..


Why choose separation instead of divorce?
Different reasons exist for New Jersey couples choosing to separate rather than formally divorce. In some cases, couples who are unsure about remaining married separate for a while to give spouses time away to consider their options rather than rushing to get divorced. Another reason for separation concerns couples whose religion prohibits divorce.
Couples with young children sometimes separate to make it easier for the children. Retaining retirement and health benefits is the reason for some who choose not to file for divorce. Other reasons exist, and some couples prefer to separate informally without a court order to keep it simple and avoid legal expenses.
However, that might not be the best way to do it. With a court order, there will be an established date of the start of the separation. That will prevent either spouse using funds from joint bank or credit card accounts. Furthermore, a court order will protect other assets, such as vehicles or property. Also, from the start date of the separation, each spouse will be legally responsible for their respective debts.
Dealing with child-related matters will be a part of the court order, and in many cases, the court bases the final divorce order on the terms of the separation. Anyone in New Jersey who is considering a separation might benefit from consulting with an experienced divorce attorney. Legal counsel can assist with addressing financial obligations and matters related to child support, parenting time and custody, although the court will have the final say about child-related issues.


Skip to:
Nolan and Thurber identify risk as a major driver of whether countries use private or state-owned oil companies
In a new working paper, PESD affiliate Peter Nolan and associate director Mark Thurber find that considerations of risk help explain why oil-rich states may choose international oil companies rather than state-controlled enterprises to find and extract oil in "frontier" territories.
Conventional wisdom holds that oil sector nationalizations are rooted in political motives of the petroleum states, which perceive value in the direct control of resource development though a state enterprise. State motives are inarguably important. At the same time, we argue in this paper that constraints of risk significantly affect a state's choice of which agent to employ to extract its hydrocarbons. Implicit in much current debate is the idea that private, international oil companies (IOCs) and the state-controlled, national oil companies (NOCs) are direct competitors, and that the former may face threats to their very existence in an era of increased state control.
In fact, IOCs and NOCs characteristically supply very different functions to governments when it comes to managing risk. For reasons we discuss, IOCs excel at managing risk while NOCs typically do not. IOCs, NOCs, and a third type of player, the oil service company, will all continue to exist because their distinct talents are needed by states seeking to realize the value of their petroleum resources. However, the relative positions of these different players have changed substantially over time, and will continue to do so, in response to the shifting needs of oil-rich states.
In the first part of this paper, we explore the nature and sources of risk in the petroleum industry, how these risks change over time, the task of managing petroleum risks, and the variable capacity of state and private companies to manage them. In the second part, we apply qualitative and quantitative approaches to test the idea that risk significantly affects the state's choice of which agent to use for petroleum extraction. First, we review the events leading to the cluster of nationalizations that occurred in the early 1970s and assess whether they were significantly affected by considerations of risk. Second, we explore how well variation in risk and state capacity for risk can explain changing ownership over time within a particular oil province - the UK and Norwegian zones of the North Sea. Third, we use data from energy research and consulting firm Wood Mackenzie to quantitatively test our hypothesis about the key role of risk, looking in particular at the case of oil and gas company exploration behavior.
In all three cases, our observations are broadly consistent with the hypothesis that risk significantly affects the state's choice of hydrocarbon agent, although, as expected, other factors emerge as important drivers of outcomes as well.


text:
present continuous powerpoint 399 present continuous worksheets and lesson plans free and teacher testedteachers can always use some new ideas so wel e to the present continuous also known as present progressive page which has not only worksheets but also several articles and warmers that you can u.esl present simple vs present progressive snakes and ladders game esl games worldesl present simple vs present progressive snakes and ladders game practice the present simple vs the present continuous tenses by playing this snakes and ladders fun game.
With present continuous powerpoint if you wish to have all these incredible images about present continuous powerpoint, simply click save link to download the shots to your laptop. They are all set for download, if you'd prefer and want to get it, click save symbol in the page, and it will be immediately downloaded in your desktop computer.
maximizing the right stuff the trade off between membranetopologically protected elastic waves in one dimensional phononicod interventions and their implicationsgraphene quantum dotsdownload free powerpoint backgrounds and templates brainy bettypulsed cl2 ar inductively coupled plasma processing 0d modelsoccer glossary interestingpresent perfect aspect – tips and activitiestranscriptional profiles of valvular and vascular endotheliallife cycles powerpoint quiz plants life cycle quizsubmitting an assignment better teaching better learning verbalthe irregular verbs rider the english languageprecision synthesis versus bulk scale fabrication of graphenesangiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptorzero vs one dimensional parametric vs non parametric and
Thanks for visiting our site, contentabove present continuous powerpoint published by admin. Today we are pleased to announce that we have found a veryinteresting contentto be reviewed, namely present continuous powerpoint Most people attempting to find specifics of and of course one of these is you, is not it?


text:
Mike Baird/FlickrThe Monterey Bay Aquarium, famous for its sea otters, discharges millions of gallons of treated fish, bird and mammal waste into the bay.
Although famous for conservation and its sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, the Monterey Bay Aquarium is also one of the largest wastewater dischargers in the protected Pacific Grove area of the bay.
Last week, the State Water Resources Control Board exempted the aquarium [PDF] from a state ban on dumping wastewater in a marine protected zone.
The board decided the aquarium's conservation and public education benefits far outweigh any dangers posed by the millions of gallons of treated fish, bird and mammal waste it dumps back into the bay.
"The Monterey Bay Aquarium's beneficial uses include extensive public outreach and education on the marine environment, basic water quality research, and research to determine the needs and improve the quality of existence for marine life," said David Clegern, a spokesman for the water board.
Help us do more.
According to a report [PDF] released by the board earlier this year, the aquarium takes in about 1,400 gallons of seawater a minute, 24 hours a day, every day of the year. It then discharges more than 2 million gallons a day. The system is open, meaning seawater is pumped in and discharged continually.
The board acknowledges the discharge does contain waste, albeit "at very low levels." The only exceptions noted were copper in one seawater sample and chlorine in others.
Copper is known to be harmful to marine organisms, damaging creatures' gills, livers, kidneys and nervous systems. Chlorine can be lethal to many organisms, including salmon and oysters, at low levels.
"None of the seawater samples exhibited toxicity effects," the report's authors wrote. However, storm water runoff from the aquarium contained waste and in some cases exceeded state standards.
Aquarium officials, for their part, say they do everything they can to minimize the harm the aquarium poses to marine life right off its shore. For instance, the aquarium routes all seawater exposed to birds and mammals through ultraviolet sterilization before dumping it back in the bay. This process gets rid of bacteria and other microbes.
Other discharged water, particularly water that has been in contact with exotic species, is run through ozone treatment in order to kill any larvae or eggs that could potentially reach the bay.
And water treated with chemicals or pharmaceuticals is isolated and not released back into the bay.
"Operating a large public aquarium requires substantial resources and a large staff, and we recognize that our environmental footprint is likewise substantial," aquarium officials wrote in a brochure [PDF] about the aquarium's commitment to sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, called "Striving for Sustainability."
"We are doing everything we can to minimize our footprint in the ocean," said Ken Peterson, an aquarium spokesman. "There's no doubt it's a challenge."
The aquarium sits next to the Pacific Grove area, a state-designated Area of Special Biological Significance. Since 1983, as part of its Ocean Plan, the state has banned wastewater discharge into any of the 34 designated marine areas.
In 2004, the water board notified the aquarium that it had to cease storm water and other discharges in the protected area or request an exception under the Ocean Plan.
The aquarium sought an exception in 2006, and the state water board prepared a report on the request.
In April of this year, a public meeting was held to consider the exception, and last week, it was finally approved.
"By and large, this exception allows the aquarium to continue being a public aquarium exposing millions of people every year to marine life in the hopes that we can get them interested and concerned about ocean issues," Peterson said. "There is a value in that, and we are pleased it is recognized and valued by the State Water Resources Control Board."


text:
When we last checked in to the Nansen Sea Ice Graphs, it looked like they were heading towards the "normal" line in a hurry. Ice area seems to still be on that trend, while extent seems to be leveling off it's growth rate. Area appears to be within about 200,000 square kilometers of the _PHONE_ monthly average and still climbing.
Of course the fact that the 2007 data is included in the average line, means the average is a lower than usual target than one might expect. If we compare to ice area over at Cryopshere today, they use a _PHONE_ mean, which is higher. Still the rebound we are seeing is impressive.
Sea ice extent looks like this:
These graphs will automatically update, so check back often.
For those of you wondering, here is the difference between area and extent, as described in the NSIDC FAQ's page:
What is the difference between sea ice area and extent? Why does NSIDC use extent measurements?
Area and extent are different measures and give scientists slightly different information. Some organizations, including Cryosphere Today, report ice area; NSIDC primarily reports ice extent. Extent is always a larger number than area, and there are pros and cons associated with each method.
A simplified way to think of extent versus area is to imagine a slice of swiss cheese. Extent would be a measure of the edges of the slice of cheese and all of the space inside it. Area would be the measure of where there's cheese only, not including the holes. That's why if you compare extent and area in the same time period, extent is always bigger. A more precise explanation of extent versus area gets more complicated.
Extent defines a region as "ice-covered" or "not ice-covered." For each satellite data cell, the cell is said to either have ice or to have no ice, based on a threshold. The most common threshold (and the one NSIDC uses) is 15 percent, meaning that if the data cell has greater than 15 percent ice concentration, the cell is considered ice covered; less than that and it is said to be ice free. Example: Let's say you have three 25 kilometer (km) x 25 km (16 miles x 16 miles) grid cells covered by 16% ice, 2% ice, and 90% ice. Two of the three cells would be considered "ice covered," or 100% ice. Multiply the grid cell area by 100% sea ice and you would get a total extent of 1,250 square km (482 square miles).
Area takes the percentages of sea ice within data cells and adds them up to report how much of the Arctic is covered by ice; area typically uses a threshold of 15%. So in the same example, with three 25 km x 25 km (16 miles x 16 miles) grid cells of 16% ice, 2% ice, and 90% ice, multiply the grid cell area by the percent of sea ice and add it up. You'd have a total area of 675 square km (261 square miles).


text:
The Benanti winery was founded in 1988 by Giuseppe Benanti, a pharmaceutical entrepreneur from Catania who decided to turn his family's long standing traditional passion into an ambitious and challenging new venture. Wine had been produced by the family for several generations, mostly for private consumption, until Giuseppe finally decided to establish the winery with the aim of preserving the unique terroir of Etna's volcanic slopes, whilst cherishing and developing the indigenous Etnean varieties.
The winery is now run by Giuseppe's two sons Antonio and Salvino who have continued the original aim to respect the varietal characteristics of the Etnean varieties, by adopting and maintaining a very traditional approach and philosophy. Describing their wines as 'slow wines', the brothers ensure nothing is rushed in Benanti winemaking; they are committed to producing only high quality wines from vineyards located on different slopes of Mount Etna, so as to highlight the uniqueness of the many different terroirs within the Etna DOC region. The family now owns vineyards in different DOC areas to the north, south, and east of the Etnean massif allowing them to produce an intriguing range of wines from the indigenous varieties Nerello Mascalese, Nerello Cappuccio, Carricante and Minnella.
The area provides a unique microclimate due partly to the proximity to the sea, partly to the volcanic soil and also to the cone-shaped surface of the slopes which provide excellent exposure to the sun. The sea breezes and the altitude ensure the grapes are cooled in what would otherwise be a very hot climate, and therefore the ripening process reaches its full potential but, crucially, without being rushed.
Benanti is considered both an iconic producer and a pioneer that has set a very high standard and has certainly inspired other wineries. With a history of 22 harvest seasons on Etna, Benanti has worked every day with an ever-increasing passion to perfect the presentation of Etna both as a land and a community, and its native grape varieties.


Fostering Hope in Arizona's Youth
As the population continues to grow, so does the populace of unsupervised youth. In 1992 OCJ Kids and their founders Gary and Tammie W., had a vision to create an afterschool program that reaches out to our society's undirected adolescence. Gary knew that without productive and positive activities kids are easily influenced by negative surroundings including gangs, drugs, and violence. Gary made it a mission to provide a positive foundation to guide kids down the right path.
 Thanks to success of the OCJ Kids after school programs they launched the Fostering Connections project in 2006. With an ever growing population of kids in the foster care system, of which hundreds a year transition into independent living at the age of 18, Gary knew statistically that without life skill trainings, financial literacy, mentoring, or bare necessities' a large number of transitioning kids would end up homeless and hopeless. The majority of these children are being placed into foster care with nothing more than the clothes on their back or a garbage bag with few treasured items. In addition to basic tools and resources the Fostering Connections project, with the support of local churches and donations from the community, provides welcome kits and suitcases filled with everything from bus passes, grooming, hygiene item, and under garments to local group homes. It's no surprise Gary's belief in building a foundation of success for Arizona's underprivileged youth has not gone unnoticed. Thank you Gary for your continued dedication to Arizona's kids, you deserve to be honored as our Neighborhood Hero.Gary Webb.
Share Your Story
It's AAWesome! Simply fill out and submit:
Nominate a Hero in Your Neighborhood
AAM is proud to know that our neighborhoods are filled with some truly astounding members of the community. Our hats our off to them. They are in our hearts and we celebrate them every day!


text: In large parts of the Southern Ocean, primary production is limited due to shortage of iron (Fe). We measured vertical Fe profiles in the western Weddell Sea, Weddell-Scotia Confluence, and Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), showing that Fe is derived from benthic Fe diffusion and sediment resuspension in areas characterized by high turbulence due to rugged bottom topography. Our data together with literature data reveal an exponential decrease of dissolved Fe (DFe) concentrations with increasing distance from the continental shelves of the Antarctic Peninsula and the western Weddell Sea. This decrease can be observed 3500 km eastward of the Antarctic Peninsula area, downstream the ACC. We estimated DFe summer fluxes into the upper mixed layer of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and found that horizontal advection dominates DFe supply, representing 54 ± 15% of the total flux, with significant vertical advection second most important at 29 ± 13%. Horizontal and vertical diffusion are weak with 1 ± 2% and 1 ± 1%, respectively. The atmospheric contribution is insignificant close to the Antarctic continent but increases to 15 ± 10% in the remotest waters (>1500 km offshore) of the ACC. Translating Southern Ocean carbon fixation by primary producers into biogenic Fe fixation shows a twofold excess of new DFe input close to the Antarctic continent and a one-third shortage in the open ocean. Fe recycling, with an estimated 'fe' ratio of 0.59, is the likely pathway to balance new DFe supply and Fe fixation.


Getting started with PySpark
Apache Spark is a fast and powerful framework that provides an API to perform massive distributed processing over resilient sets of data. The main abstraction Spark provides is a resilient distributed data set (RDD), which is the fundamental and backbone data type of this engine. Spark SQL is Apache Spark's module for working with structured data and MLlib is Apache Spark's scalable machine learning library. Apache Spark is written in Scala programming language. To support Python with Spark, the Apache Spark community released a tool, PySpark. PySpark has similar computation speed and power as Scala. PySpark is a parallel and distributed engine for running big data applications. Using PySpark, you can work with RDDs in Python programming language.
This tutorial explains how to set up and run Jupyter Notebooks from within IBM® Watson™ Studio. We'll use two different data sets: 5000_points.txt and people.csv. The data set has a corresponding Notebook.
Learning objectives
In this tutorial, you will learn how to:
 1. Perform Big Data analysis with PySpark
 2. Use sql queries with DataFrames by using Spark SQL module
 3. Use Machine learning with MLlib library
To complete the tutorial, you need an IBM Cloud account.
Estimated time
It should take you approximately 60 minutes to complete this tutorial.
Create IBM Cloud Object Storage service
An Object Storage service is required to create projects in Watson Studio. If you do not already have a storage service provisioned, complete the following steps:
 1. From your IBM Cloud account, search for "object storage" in the IBM Cloud Catalog. Then, click the Object Storage tile.
 Object storage Image
 2. Choose Lite plan and Click Create button.
 Create button Image
Create Watson Studio service
 1. From your IBM Cloud account, search for "Watson Studio" in the IBM Cloud Catalog. Then, click the Watson Studio tile.
 Create Watson service Image
 2. Choose Lite plan and Click Create button.
 Lite plan Image
Create Watson Studio project
 1. Click Get Started.
 2. Click either Create a project or New project.
 3. Select Create an empty project.
 Get started Image
 4. In the New project window, name the project (for example, "Getting Started with PySpark").
 pyspark Image
 5. For Storage, you should select the IBM Cloud Object Storage service you created in the previous step. If it is the only storage service that you have provisioned, it is assigned automatically.
 6. Click Create
Upload data set
Next, you'll download the data set and upload it to Watson Studio.
 1. Select the data sets: 5000_points.txt and people.csv and download the files to your local desktop.
 2. In Watson Studio, select Assets.
 3. If not already open, click the 1001 data icon at the upper right of the panel to open the Files sub-panel. Then, click Load.
 1001 data icon Image
 4. Drag the files to the drop area or browse for files to upload the data into Watson Studio.
 5. Wait until the file has been uploaded.
Create the notebook
Create a Jupyter Notebook and change it to use the data set that you have uploaded to the project.
 1. In the Asset tab, click Add to Project.
 Create notebook Image
 2. Select the Notebook asset type.
 3. On the New Notebook page, configure the notebook as follows:
 1. Select the From URL tab:
 Configure notebook Image
 2. Enter the name for the notebook (for example, 'getting-started-with-pyspark').
 3. Select the Spark Python 3.6 runtime system.
 4. Enter the following URL for the notebook:
 5. Click Create Notebook. This initiates the loading and running of the notebook within IBM Watson Studio.
Run the notebook
The notebook page should be displayed.
If the notebook is not currently open, you can start it by clicking the Edit icon displayed next to the notebook in the Asset page for the project.
Run notebook Image
What is SparkContext?
Spark comes with an interactive python shell that has PySpark already installed. PySpark automatically creates a SparkContext for you in the PySpark Shell. SparkContext is an entry point into the world of Spark. An entry point is a way of connecting to Spark cluster. We can use SparkContext using sc.variable. In the following examples, we retrieve SparkContext version and Python version of SparkContext.
Spark Context Image
Using map and filter methods with Lambda function in Python
Lambda functions are anonymous functions in Python. Anonymous functions do not bind to any name in runtime, and it returns the functions without any name. They are usually used with map and filter methods. Lambda functions create functions to be called later. In the following example, we use lambda function with map and filter methods.
Lambda Function Image
Creating RDD from Object
RDDs are data stacks distributed throughout a cluster of computers. Each stack is calculated on different computers in the cluster. RDDs are the most basic data structure of Spark. We can create RDDs by giving existing objects like Python lists to SparkContext's parallelize method. In the following example, we create a list with numbers and create a RDD from this list.
RDD Image
Transformations and Actions on RDD
Transformations and actions are two type of operations in Spark. Transformations create new RDDs. Actions performs computation on the RDDs. Map, filter, flatMap and union are basic RDD transformations. Collect, take, first and count are basic RDD actions. In the following example, we create RDD named numRDD from list and then using map transformation we create a new RDD named cubeRDD from numRDD. Finally, we use collect action to return a list that contains all of the elements in this RDD.
Actions on RDD Image
Transformations and Actions on pair RDD
Pair RDD is a special type of RDD to work with data sets with key/value pairs. All regular transformations work on pair RDD. In the following example, we create pair RDD with 4 tuple with two numbers. In each tuple, the first number is key and the second number is value. Then, we apply reduceByKey transformation to pair RDD. ReduceByKey transformation combine values with the same key. Therefore, this transformation adds the values of tuples with the same key.
Transformations on RDD Image
We can sort keys of tuples using sortByKey transformation like in the following example.
Sort Keys Image
We can count the number of tuples with the same key. In the following example, we see (3,2) because there are two tuple with key 3 in pair RDD.
Count Tuples Image
What is SparkSession?
SparkContext is the main entry point for creating RDDs while SparkSession provides a single point of entry to interact with Spark DataFrames. SparkSession is used to create DataFrame, register DataFrames, execute SQL queries. We can access SparkSession in PySpark using spark variable. In the following examples, we retrieve SparkSession version and other informations about it.
Spark Session Image
Creating PySpark DataFrame from RDD
Spark SQL, which is a Spark module for structured data processing, provides a programming abstraction called DataFrames and can also act as a distributed SQL query engine. In the following example, we create RDD from list and create PySpark DataFrame using SparkSession's createDataFrame method. When we look at the type of DataFrame, we can see pyspark.sql.dataframe as an output. Furthermore, we can use show method to print out the DataFrame.
Pyspark Dataframe Image
Add data sets
We can use external data sets in the notebook to do this select the cell below. If not already open, click the 1001 data icon at the upper part of the page to open the Files subpanel. In the right part of the page, select the people.csv data set. Click insert to code, and click Insert SparkSession DataFrame.
Add Data sets Image
You can delete df_data_1.take(5) part and then copy cos.url('file_name', 'bucket_name') above it then assign cos.url('file_name', 'bucket_name') to path_people variable and comment out this variable. cos.url('file_name', 'bucket_name') is path to your file you can access the file by using this path.
Delete DF Image
You can also add 5000_points.txt data set by applying same procedure but click insert to code then click insert credentials then write "file" and "bucket" values inside "path_5000 = cos.url('file_name', 'bucket_name')" expression and comment out path_5000.
Add 5000 Image
Create PySpark DataFrame from external file
We can create PySpark DataFrame by using SparkSession's read.csv method. To do this, we should give path of csv file as an argument to the method. Show action prints first 20 rows of DataFrame. Count action prints number of rows in DataFrame. Columns attribute prints the list of columns in DataFrame. PrintSchema action prints the types of columns in the DataFrame and tells you if there are null values in columns.
External File Image
External File 2 Image
We can use select method to select some columns of DataFrame. If we give an argument to show method, it prints out rows as the number of arguments. In the following example, it prints out 10 rows. dropDuplicates method removes the duplicate rows of a DataFrame. We can use count action to see how many rows are dropped.
Select Method Image
Select Method 1 Image
We can filter out


text:
|Oracle® OLAP DML Reference
10g Release 1 (10.1)
Part Number B10339-02
The IF...THEN...ELSE command executes one or more commands in a program when a specified condition is met. Optionally, it also executes an alternative command or group of commands when the condition is not met. You can use IF only within programs.
You can also use IF as a conditional operator in an expression. See "IF as a Conditional Operator".
Any valid Boolean expression that returns either
Oracle OLAP executes the statement1 argument when the Boolean expression is
TRUE. The statement1 must be on the same line as THEN.
Oracle OLAP executes the statement2 argument when the Boolean expression is
FALSE. The statement2 must be on the same line as ELSE. When you omit the ELSE phrase, execution continues with the statement after the whole IF...THEN... command in the program.
You can use the IF command for conditional execution of two or more statements by following the THEN or ELSE (or both) keywords with a DO... DOEND sequence. See Example 14-13, "Using IF...THEN...ELSE".
When you use IF as a conditional operator in an expression, it has the following format. ELSE is required when IF is used as an operator.
IF boolean-exp THEN exp1 ELSE exp2
In most cases, exp1 and exp2 must be of the same basic data type (numeric, text, or Boolean). The value of the whole expression is the value of either exp1 or exp2.
However, when the data type of either exp1 or exp2 is DATE, it is possible for the other expression to have a numeric or text data type. Because Oracle OLAP expects both data types to be DATE, it will convert the numeric or text value to a DATE.
When IF is used as an expression, the THEN and ELSE keywords must be on the same line as IF. When used as a command, THEN and ELSE must be on separate lines.
Example 14-13 Using IF...THEN...ELSE
The following lines from a program illustrate the use of IF...THEN...ELSE.... When the Boolean expression
ANY(DOLLARS LT 200000) is
TRUE, the statements following THEN (
statement group 1) are executed. When the expression is
FALSE, the statements following ELSE (
statement group 2) are executed instead.
IF ANY(DOLLARS LT 200000) THEN DO... " (statement group 1) DOEND ELSE DO... "(statement group 2) DOEND
Example 14-14 Using IF as a Conditional Operator
In a program that produces a report, you would like to report a previous year's actual expenses or the current year's budget, depending on the year passed to the program as an argument. A conditional expression in a JOINCHARS function produces a heading with the word Actual or Budget. Another conditional expression selects the variable to report. The program would include the following lines.
ARGUMENT cur.year year LIMIT month TO year cur.year REPORT - HEADING JOINCHARS( 'Expenses:'- IF cur.year LT 'Yr95' - THEN 'Actual FOR'- ELSE 'Budget FOR ', - cur.year ) - IF cur.year LT 'Yr95' THEN actual ELSE budget


text:
Seismic vibrations from wind turbines and their effects on the seismometer array at Eskdalemuir
The CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organisation) IMS seismometer array station located at Eskdalemuir in Scotland has been operating since 1962. It is vital that the government and MoD safeguard the array from excessive seismic vibration noise. The presentation reviews the work undertaken by the EWG (Eskdalemuir Working Group) a cross government/industry group, in reviewing a vibration budget in relation to seismic vibration from wind turbines. The work outlines measurement analysis and modelling to develop an understanding of how wind turbines generate seismic waves. In turn this work was used to develop a model to predict seismic ground waves that could be used to refine and define the wind turbine exclusion and 50km consultation zone around the array.


text:
or muffin Case
Step by step
Learn how to create a muffin/cupcake case with your Trotec laser machine. Made from our incredibly popular TroLase Thins material, these festive cases will add the perfect finishing touch to your Christmas sweets.
Step by step
Step 1: Design
You can use the template we have provided, or alternatively, you can create your own unique design. The parcels are defined as engraving areas by the black fill. Snow crystals and border lines must be defined as cutting lines (width: hairline; R: 255; G: 0 B: 0). To add a personal touch, simply insert text at the bottom of the graphic.
Step 2: Bend graphic
In order to bend the strip to a muffin case, you need to bend the graphics in Adobe Illustrator using the warping tool. If you are using Corel Draw you need to use the tool 'Envelope' (Menu: Effects > Envelope > Simple arc > Putty). Hold Ctrl and then drag the lines to the desired arc.
Step 3: Settings
Cutting: power: 300% - speed: 1.5% - frequency: 1000 Hzair assist: ON
Engraving: power: 70% - speed: 80% - frequency: 500 ppi - air assist: ON - Z-Offset: 1mm - high quality: ON
In the menu plate setup, select start position bottom. Remove the protection foil from the laminate and check the vacuum. Focus the laser and you are ready to go!
Step 4: Tips & Tricks
- Ensure that you consider the cutting sequence - In the product process the cutting lines are considered bottom up. Place the outline at the top position in Corel Draw Object Manager
- Cover unused parts of the table with paper in order to increase your vacuum.
- Select the engraving start position as 'bottom'. This prevents deposits from setting on engraved areas which could discolour the product.
- First clean with a damp cloth then dry, preferably whilst it is still in the machine.
- If colour residues are present it is important to check the parameters, focus and check the rest of the laminate on the table.


text:
Q) If a neck lift is performed along with a chin implant, what would be the benefit?
A) The incision for the neck lift is in the same position for a chin implant so it's easy to use the same incision on both procedures. The neck lift can be performed using an endoscopic method which is less invasive than other techniques requiring neck and chin incisions to manipulate the neck muscles. The type of technique is based on the problem and what is most appropriate. Endoscopic procedures are used when very minimal changes are needed and this works well. A more traditional procedure may be used if more work is needed to bring the neck to the upper position.


text:
More fancy fish!
Rulers in Thailand, China, Korea, Japan, and Viet Nam have valued fancy fish and ponds for centuries, much as European monarchy have valued manicured garden and regal birds (like Her Majesty's swans). They have long been bred and restricted to royalty, and common people keeping fancy fish has even had the death sentence decreed against it.
The emperor of China in 1369, Hóngwǔ, established a porcelain company that produced large porcelain tubs for keeping fancy goldfish. Long before then (as far back as the Jin dynasty - ca. 265 AD), the royal family kept the fancy red and orange color mutations of Asian carp that were raised for food throughout the coastal areas of china.
Where the koi (ornamental common carp) were the favored fish in Japan and (at periods) Korea, other East Asian royalty tended much more towards the fancy goldfish, which were ornamental Asian carp.
Histoire naturelle des dorades de la Chine. 1780.


sfDoctrineActAsSignablePlugin ============================= The 'sfDoctrineActAsSignablePlugin' plugin automates the handling of 'created_by' and 'updated_by' columns. Each time a __Signable__ object is inserted or updated, those columns are automatically updated accordingly to the user who saved the changes. Instalation =========== Install the plugin via the subversion repository by executing the following command from the project root directory: $ svn co _URL_ plugins/sfDoctrineActAsSignablePlugin or by using the default symfony plugin install command: $./symfony plugin:install sfDoctrineActAsSignablePlugin Usage ===== Add the desired columns to your schema.yml for the tables you want to be signed. You can use a string or an int type, the behavior will automatically detect the type and store the corresponding information depending on this type (for a string the username is stored, and for an integer it's the user's ID). # You can either set the type of a column to a string (will store the username) or an integer (will store the user ID) actAs: Signable: created: name: created_by type: integer options: notnull: true default: 1 updated: name: updated_by type: string Also you may use global behavior in your doctrine schema (default field value is integer): actAs: [Timestampable, Signable] Dependencies ============ There is no required dependency, although : * [sfDoctrineGuardPlugin](_URL_ will provide you basic but flexible and robust user management. Relations --------- The plugin is provided with behavior relations for __sfDoctrineGuardPlugin__. For created and updated options which are defined as active (__not disabled__) and __integer type__, __creator__ and __updator__ relations are available, respectively. This means, that if you attach Signable behavior (defined as mentioned above) to any of your model, you can directly access sfGuardUser class objects. For example, the _Article_ model is defined as follows: Article: actAs: Signable: ~ you can access the user who created/updated the Article (integer option is the default in the Signable): [php] echo $article->getCreator(); echo $article->getUpdator()->customMethod(); Example use cases ================= Here are some example cases when you may find this plugin useful: string user reference --------------------- The project includes a blog or a forum system. Each blog/forum post page needs to display the user who posted it (or modified it last time). The symfony forum screenshot last column shows LAST POST, user name is highlighted in red (__Singable__ behavior) and the timestamp is highlighted in green (__Timestampable__ behavior):![symfony forum](_URL_ "symfony forum") integer user reference ---------------------- The more advanced technique is to use an integer created_by/updated_by column (the default) to store the user's ID (need to have appropriate user table, e.g. [sfDoctrineGuardPlugin](_URL_ In this case you may use relations and fetch User object at runtime (which is very difficult if you store user name as a string). This option is very useful when developing a CRM or ERP system where data modification is important (could be combined with data versioning). Thanks to --------- Thomas Boerger, Michael Klein, Kary Leong, geoffrey: [The snippet this plugin is based on](_URL_ "Snippet").


text:
Many scientists and civil engineers are mistaking alkali activation for geopolymers, fueling confusion, using them as synonyms without understanding what they really are.
To sum-up: Alkali-Activated Materials (AAM) are NOT Polymers, so they cannot be called Geo-Polymers. Geopolymers are NOT a subset of AAM because they are not a calcium hydrate alternative, the chemistry is radically different. Those who claim that both terms are synonyms are promoting a misleading scientific belief. Learn why by watching these three videos.
In his three recent keynotes at the Geopolymer Camp 2014, Geopolymer Camp 2015, and Geopolymer Camp 2016, Prof. J. Davidovits explained why Alkali-Activated-Materials are not Geopolymers, or why alkali-activation is not geopolymerization. We have selected all the sequences that had been dedicated to this issue in the GPCamp-2014, 2015 and 2016 keynotes. These new videos are titled: Why Alkali-Activated Materials are NOT Geopolymers. You will finally understand why they are two different systems.
Part 3 (new, 2016): AAM are not polymers, so they cannot be called "geopolymers"
Prof. Joseph Davidovits emphasizes the fact that Alkali Activated Materials (AAM) are not polymers, so they cannot be called "geopolymers". He presents what scientists are now writing about this issue. They now agree with proven facts that it is a big scientific mistake to use AAM and geopolymer as synonyms, and people shall stop doing so. Geopolymer cement is not a CSH derivative; therefore, scientists are now stating that applying the CSH terminology from Portland cement is not only inappropriate, but also calling them NASH and KASH is totally wrong. Those who purposefully use and propagate these misleading languages delude the understanding of the true chemical reactions that really occur (never a hydrate or a gel, but a polymer), resulting in confused interpretations.
This video lasts 27 min, a 62 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.
Part 1 (2014): AAM are not geopolymers, two different chemistries
Prof. J. Davidovits explains the main differences between AAC (Alkali-Activated Cement or Concrete), AAS (Alkali-Activated Slag), AAF (Alkali-Activated Fly Ash) and Slag-based Geopolymer cement, in terms of chemistry, molecular structure, long-term durability. In a second part, on hand of the industrialization of Slag/fly ash-based geopolymer cement/concrete implemented by the company Wagners, Australia, he focuses on the results provided by the carbonation testing data obtained for ordinary Portland cement, AAS and EFC (Slag/fly ash-based geopolymer). The tests were carried out at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology RMIT in Australia. Geopolymer behaves like regular Portland cement, whereas AAS gets very bad carbonation results.
This video lasts 20 min, a 46 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.
Part 2 (2015): Clarifying statement about all the false ideas and assertions
Prof. J. Davidovits makes a clarifying statement about all the false ideas and assertions written by several alkali activated materials scientists (incorrectly using the word "geopolymer" for marketing purpose in place of AAM) and blindly imitated by others. He explains why it is a true polymer with a well-known and understood chemistry (as opposed to those who claim it is a "gel" of unknown character), mentions the historicity and discovery of geopolymer chemistry, the real contributions of Glukhovsky and what he really wrote about geopolymers. He develops the range of actual industrial applications that goes far beyond cement made out of wastes…
This video lasts 29 min, a 67 MB file. Click on the icon on the right to watch it fullscreen.


TEFL.net : TEFL Articles : Teacher Technique : 15 Ways to SHUT UP
15 Ways to SHUT UP
Important and essential techniques to help your students speak more and you speak less.
Written by Thomas Topham for TEFL.net
"Well-timed silence hath more eloquence than speech."
Martin Fraquhar Tupper
As a teacher trainer, one of my ongoing issues in pre-service courses is with teacher-talking-time – how much is coming out of the teacher's mouth, the proportion of time the teacher is talking vs. the students, and how to get this ratio as high as possible in the students' favour.
Whether this is actually something worth striving for is a whole different debate. Let's just take it as a given that less teacher-talk is a good thing, and get on with the list:
1. Don't Echo
Here is a common classroom script:
S1: Bolivia.
S2: The Marshall Islands.
"But how do I work in open class, if I am not supposed to speak?" With the above scenario, the teacher needs to say exactly four words:
 - T writes on WB "Places to Go".
 - T holds WB pen, ready to transcribe. Waits. If nothing is forthcoming…
 - T asks "Where should we go?"… and waits for answers.
2. Wait
3. Don't Answer Right Away
Chances are one of the students knows the answer, if the teacher shuts up. Compare:
S1: Why is that?
S1: Why is that?
S2: I think because, is question…
4. Groupwork Is Better, Always
5. Ask Open-Ended Questions
They require more from the students, and therefore require less talk from you. Compare:
T: Is it a boy, or a girl?
Ss: Girl.
Ss: Yes.
Ss: Yes.
S1: A girl.
T: (continuing to shut up)
S2: She is schoolgirl.
6. Make Use Of Your Written Materials
That's it. OK, it isn't 15, so sue me.
Written by Thomas Topham for TEFL.net
June 2008 | Filed under Teacher Technique
Thomas Topham is a teacher trainer in Sofia, Bulgaria at The Modern Institute.


text:
systemsystem is predefined class to provide access to the
out - out is the output stream used to connect the
printlnprintln is method which is tell the compiler to
write a new line in our console
The System class contains serveral useful class
fields and methods.it cannot be instantiated
The out variable in the System class refers to (points
to) an instance of the PrintStream class (a PrintStream
object) which is automatically instantiated when the System
class is loaded into the application.
println()-the println() methods in class PrintStream.
System.out.prinln("HI DILIP ");
This statement invokes the println() method of an object of
the PrintStream class which is referred to (pointed to) by
the variable named out which is a class variable of the
System is a class made available by Java to let you
manipulate various operating system related objects. It's
part of java.lang namespace.
out, being one of those objects, is a static publicly
available object inside that class. The object itself,
representing standard output, is an instance of
java.io.PrintStream class. Standard output is, on most
operating systems, console output.
println is a method of java.io.PrintStream class that lets
you output some text into the stream and, as opposed to
print() method, gets you to the new line after the text.
Check out the source for more information.
[EDIT, answer to "Additional details"] You don't need to
import java.io.* because System is part of available to all
Java calls package java.lang (you don't need to import
that). Even though out is an instance of
java.io.PrintStream, it is still declared *inside* the
System class and therefore, you do not need to import java.io.
Of course, implementation of java.lang.System needs to
import java.io (and many other packages). You can see it in
I have one Shopping cart application, i that i have
selected some items, while clicking submit button by
mistake i have clicked twice or trice, that time items are
selected twice or trice. Actually i want only one copy of
items but its selected twice or trice. So how can we avoid


text:
A Pomegranate Kind of Day
It was a pomegranate kind of day. Red, bright and wonderful.
The papery-thin reddish blossoms in our yard draw both beneficial and pestiferous insects. Honey bees are there for the pollen and nectar; ladybugs are there for the pesky aphids. Occasionally we see another pest, the spotted cucumber beetle (which prefers cucurbits).
The pomegranate, an ancient fruit native to Persia (what is now Iran), is a long-lived tree. Indeed, some pomegranate trees in Europe are more than 200 years old. One in our yard spans 85 years.
Spanish settlers introduced the pomegranate into California in 1769, and today, the state leads the nation in the production of pomegranates. Agricultural statistics show that in 2010, California's San Joaquin Valley alone blossomed with an estimated 22,000 acres of pomegranates. That's about 200 trees per acre.
One of the primary pomegranate varieties is "Wonderful." The honey bees and ladybugs think so, too!
Honey bee nearly collides with a ladybug, aka ladybeetle. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
A pest, a spotted cucumber beetle. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Honey bee foraging in pomegranate blossom. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- adj. Of or relating to concepts or mental conception: conceptual discussions that antedated development of the new product.
- adj. Of or relating to conceptualism.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- Pertaining to conception, mental or physical.
- adj. Of, or relating to concepts or mental conception; existing in the imagination
- adj. Of, or relating to conceptualism
GNU Webster's 1913
- adj. Pertaining to conception.
- adj. being or characterized by concepts or their formation
- From Medieval Latin conceptuālis, from Latin conceptus, perfect passive participle of concipio ("take hold of; conceive"); see concept and -al. (Wiktionary)
- Medieval Latin conceptuālis, from Late Latin conceptus, a thought; see concept. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
"At a time when the term conceptual art is bandied about in reference to such transparently non-conceptualists as Tracey Emin, this show by nine contemporary artists reminds us of a creative genre that puts as much emphasis on often highly obscure ideas as on the apparent resolution of the finished image."
"The term conceptual art has become so broadly used as to be all but shapeless."
"Therefore, insofar as we deal with text, the term conceptual information seems to coincide with the meaning of that text."
"It's unclear quite why the rebranding has taken place, and it has confounded garden historian and critic Tim Richardson, who originally coined the phrase "conceptual garden" and championed Britain's burgeoning conceptual-design scene."
"Martin Ramin for The Wall Street Journal Recipe dice Craft designer Lea Redmond has been vending what she calls her "conceptual arty stuff" since 2007 one such invention would be her "Alphabet Noodle Performance Napkins," fabric rectangles designed to look like lined notebook paper."
"Next, following advice from Apache Point veterans that blowing air seems to profoundly disturb moths, he proposed what he called a conceptual deterrent system that involved an air gun, small rubber tubing, a valve, and an electric timer."
"He prefers what he calls the conceptual approach to the study of the technology of law."
"Then we went into the information age and we had knowledge workers and now we'll go into, what you call the conceptual age and yet you also include things like, nursing and caregivers."
"But, last month, the actor James Franco put his name behind a strange new project called the Museum of Non-Visible Art, which takes what it calls conceptual art to a whole new level."
"Wiggins uses the term conceptual space in the place of Gärdenfors' concept, and concept in the place of concept instance."
These user-created lists contain the word 'conceptual'.
Use these and get promoted
New word list
My Friends (that's my bets John McCain impression!)
This is a list of words that I think describe me. Would you be so kind as to vote for the 10 you think are most fitting? Your vote w...
Just some words I like!
Just some random words that speak to me
Words you may encounter in the area of mathematics education research.
Looking for tweets for conceptual.


What is SpellDial?
 SpellDial is a technology that allows you to dial names instead of numbers. This is applicable only for those who have setup a spelldial account. Once you have checked the availability of your username you can register it to point to a specific number. So instead of dialing a number, you dial their username.
 For example, if Jonina's username is joninahottie and it points to (_PHONE_, simply spell out her username (joninahottie) and it will immediately connect you to her. So anyone who dials joninahottie will be dialing (_PHONE_.
 The great thing about SpellDial is if you have a change of number, all you have to do is change the number your username points to. This saves you from all the hassle of contacting your friends and telling them you have a new number.
Can I do this in my phone?
 If you own an iPhone or an Android, yes! Just download the SpellDial app, and you can start calling each other through your spelldial usernames, a.k.a. "spelldialing!"
I don't know anyone who has a spelldial. How can I use this?
 The best thing to do is to tell your friends about SpellDial so that they can create their own. Then you can easily call each other using SpellDial names.
I don't own an iPhone or an Android, can I use it on my phone?
 Currently, you cannot call others through their spelldial name if you're not using an iPhone or an Android. However, you can setup a spelldial account and people who use an iPhone or Android can contact you via your spelldial name. You can setup your account here.
The SpellDial app doesn't work when my phone is not connected to the internet. Why?
 SpellDial servers can only be accessed through the internet. Therefore, if the SpellDial app is not connected to the internet, then it cannot get the equivalent number of the spelldial you entered.
 We understand that only some parts of the world have constant internet access virtually everywhere. So we're also working to develop technology that will allow you to use SpellDial from an ordinary GSM mobile phone or even a PSTN landline. Although we don't know how long it would take, it could come sooner than you expect. So make sure that you get the SpellDial name that you want before someone else takes it.
When can I use SpellDial on my non-internet mobile phone or landline?
 Before you can use it on your non-internet mobile phone or landline, phone manufacturers and telephone networks need to add some equipment and configurations to their systems in order to provide SpellDial services. Realistically speaking, the more people who join SpellDial, the faster the companies will upgrade. Because the more people join SpellDial, the greater the demand will be on them to enable SpellDial on non-internet phones.
 So if you want to help to make this happen sooner, you can help by joining and telling more people about it. Be a part of this. Let's make this happen!
I'm a developer. Do you have an API?
 Yes, we do! You can read more about it here.


text:
The original "circus" was in ancient Rome
"The circus of Rome is thought to have been influenced by the Egyptians and Greeks where chariot racing and the exhibition of exotic animals were popular events. The Roman circus consisted of tiers of seats running parallel with the sides of the course, and forming a crescent round one of the ends. The lower seats were reserved for persons of rank; there were also various state boxes, eg. for the giver of the games and his friends. In Ancient Rome the circus was the only public spectacle at which men and women were not separated
sounds like it may have contributed to the downfall of rome, or is it just me?
But this leads to a group performance piece that would wander around BRD
of which (without local change of direction
) requires returning to the starting point.
in my example of a circuit:
1) the only location identified is the starting point
2) with local changes of direction:
there is no required returning to the starting point
3)where such a venture would lead is quite mysterious


text: The objective of this project was to assess the effects of various blends of biodiesel on locomotive engine exhaust emissions. Systematic, credible, and carefully designed and executed locomotive fuel effect studies produce statistically significant conclusions are very scarce, and only cover a very limited number of locomotive models. Most locomotive biodiesel work has been limited to cursory demonstration programs. Of primary concern to railroads and regulators is understanding any exhaust emission associated with biodiesel use, especially NOX emissions.In this study, emissions tests were conducted on two locomotive models, a Tier 2 EMD SD70ACe and a Tier 1+ GE Dash9-44CW with two baseline fuels, conventional EPA ASTM No. 2-D S15 (commonly referred to as ultra-low sulfur diesel - ULSD) certification diesel fuel, and commercially available California Air Resource Board (CARB) ULSD fuel. A single batch of soy-based B100 was blended with the EPA and CARB diesel fuels to yield 5 percent and 20 percent by volume blends of fuels. A randomized test matrix was used to perform triplicate tests on each of the six test fuels (EPA0, CARB0, EPA5, CARB5, EPA20, and CARB20).The results of these emissions test results were analyzed to determine the statistical relevance of any difference in emissions among fuels. General emissions and fuel economy trends for biodiesel seen in other studies and in other applications were seen in this study. Higher blend levels of biodiesel were associated with lower carbon monoxide and particulate matter, and higher levels of nitrogen oxides and fuel consumption. Diesel fuel with 20 percent biodiesel often resulted in statistically significant differences from the fuel with 0 percent or 5 percent biodiesel. The difference between 0 percent and 5 percent biodiesel was generally not statistically significant. Different trends between the locomotives could be explained by differences in emissions certification levels, combustion cycle (4-stroke vs. 2-stroke), and lubricating oil consumption.


text:
Today was better. I spent 10 minutes talking to each of my classes about power. They have the power to do what they want. It's the choices that they make. Positive choices lead to positive consequences. Negative choices lead to negative consequences. Positive choices build your power to do more. Negative choices give away your power to others.
I told them that I don't want their power. Living in a community means that we need to follow some general rules and expectations. Keeping your power means following these expectations. The more you do this, the power you get. If you get more power, you can do more things.
I think many of my students got it. The tutorials went better. More students were engaged. More got the gist of what the day was about. One group just didn't get it. They've lost some power during the next tutorial.
How do you get your students to be in charge of what they are doing?


text: We report on the nanopatteming of double-bond-terminated silane (5-hexenyltrichlorosilane, HTCS) molecules on titania (TiO2) using conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM). The influences of tip electrostatic potential and scanning velocity, relative humidity and of the repeated application of voltage on the topographic height, width, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic contrast of the resultant patterns were investigated. Tip voltage and tip velocity (v) were applied between -10 V <= V-tip <= +10 V and 100 nm/s <= v <= 2 mu m/s during the lithography step(s), respectively. Average height and Lateral Force Mode (LFM) images of patterns were obtained with different values of(-10 V <= V-tip <= -7 V) and v (100 nm/s <= v <= 2 mu m/s). The average height of the patterns is seen to decrease for increasing v and decreasing V-tip in both a single or repeated lithography step. No patterns were observed following a single or repeated lithography step for -5 V <= V-tip <= +10 V. This conductive lithography technique results in nanoscale physiochemical manipulations of the HTCS molecules that are manifested as controllable step heights ranging from similar to 1-15 nm possessing different chemistries on the patterned and unpatterned areas. The use of conductive-AFM nanolithography for altering and manipulating double-bond-terminated molecules on TiO2 surfaces suggests a range of applications, including selective immobilization and assembly of functionalized inorganic nanoparticles and biomolecules.


Are osmotic potential and water potential the same?? If not what is the difference between them??
Yes, the osmotic and the water potential are same. There is no difference between them. The osmotic potential or the water potential of the solution is the ability of the water molecules to move from hypotonic solution to hypertonic solution across the semi permeable membrane.
 - 1
What are you looking for?


Food and Beverage Objectives: After completing this case, you should be able to identify and...
Food and Beverage
Objectives: After completing this case, you should be able to identify and develop productionand service-related tactics that can ensure the quality of foods.
 1. Read the Study Exercise." Attachment"
 2. Answer the following question:
 3. If you were Sarah, what steps would you undertake to ensure the quality of the product is not jeopardized?
 4. please type one page using a font type and size of Time New Roman and 12 point, single spacing on all sides of standard letter size paper (8.5'x11").
 please after your work can you give me the main idea or the summary that can I talk about the homework front of my classmate.
 500 words, single spaced
 ref and cite
 Answer preview……….
 In any Hospitality environment, it is essential for any authorized individual to ensure that effective stock taking is conducted and the management needs to advance appropriate methods or systems that will make it efficient for an employee to engage in stock taking or control. In the hospitality industry, the top-level management needs to ensure that drastic measures are undertaken to maintain the image and rapport of a restaurant and ensuring that quality and hygienic food and beverages are provided to achieve customer satisfaction. It is also essential for a restaurant manager or executive to ensure that adequate product control is conducted as this will promote efficient stock control. Through ascertaining health and safety of food processing is attained and proper product control is undertaken this will effectively lead to quality of food or beverage production. The discussion answers a question from the case study of Sarah as an Executive Chef…..
 APA 608 words
Added to cart
Expert's Answer
Related Questions
Plagiarism Checker
Submit your documents and get free Plagiarism report
Free Plagiarism Checker
Recent Questions in Business Law and Ethics
Submit Your Questions Here!
Copy and paste your question here...
Attach Files


text:
Lake Region Electric has an extensive right-of-way tree trimming and removal program. Tree trimming helps prevent and minimize power outages resulting from vegetation getting into electric lines. It also helps reduce potential safety hazards.
- Primary Wire
- Minimum clearance is 10 feet.
- LREA will trim as necessary to provide clearance.
- Secondary Line
- Minimum clearance is 5 feet.
- Unless branches/tree are posing an immediate hazard, call a contractor to have the branches trimmed.


How Many Languages Can Prince William Speak?
Learning a foreign language is part of the royal family's protocol. However, some of the queen's family members are more fluent than others. Not to mention: A few of them know up to five languages. How many languages can Prince William speak? Find out, plus the one language he must know before becoming the British heir, ahead.
How many languages can Prince William speak?
Prince William
Prince William | PAUL ELLIS/AFP/Getty Images
The future king is quite the linguist. Apparently, Prince William can speak five languages, including English. Take a closer look at his linguistic proficiency, below.
French is one language many members of the royal family, including Prince William, have mastered. According to reports, the future heir to the British throne can speak French with ease.
Africa holds a lot of memories for Prince William. So, it comes of no surprise that the Duke of Cambridge can speak a little Swahili. The language can be heard throughout several African countries, including Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania.
As the future Prince of Wales, Prince William must learn enough Welsh to converse with those fluent in the language. It's unclear how fluent he is in Welsh, but the Duke of Cambridge can speak the language.
In preparation for becoming Prince of Wales, Prince Charles also learned Welsh as a young boy. While he's not fluent, he allegedly knows enough to get by.
In addition to Welsh, Prince William also knows a little Gaelic. His Royal Highness likely speaks the language — or phrases — while visiting parts of Northern Ireland and Scotland. Prince Charles can also speak Gaelic.
What languages do other members of the royal family speak?
Prince William isn't the only one with impressive linguistic skills. In addition to the Duke of Cambridge, several members of the royal family can speak foreign languages and are even fluent in some. Here are all the languages spoken by the British royal family.
Prince William knows French, but he's not the only one. His great-grandmother, Queen Elizabeth is fluent in the language and learned as a young girl (her tutor and governess, Marion Crawford likely taught her). Like his wife, Prince Philip can also speak French — and so can their children. Prince Charles, Prince Andrew, Prince Edward, and Princess Anne all speak French.
Apparently, Meghan Markle also knows a little French, but her fluency is unclear.
German isn't the most popular foreign language in the royal family, but Prince Philip is fluent in it. According to reports, the Duke of Edinburgh grew up speaking the language, as it was one of the languages spoken by his family members.
Prince George and Princess Charlotte are currently learning the second most spoken language in the world, Spanish in school. In addition, their Spanish-speaking nanny, Maria Turrion Borrallo helps tutor them.
One member of the royal family knows a little Tagalog, aka the language of the Philippines. While visiting Edinburgh with Prince Harry, Meghan Markle was overheard saying "Salamat Po," which means "thank you" in the foreign language. It's likely that the Duchess of Sussex might only know a few words and phrases in Tagalog.
Some royals even speak Russian. Prince Michael of Kent and his wife, Princess Michael both know the foreign language.
Check out The Cheat Sheet on Facebook!


text:
Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) – Online Course – CPDUK Accredited – UK Core Skills Training Framework (CSTF) Aligned.
Welcome to our Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) online training course for front-line healthcare and social care support workers. All our online training courses, programmes and qualifications are accredited by the CPD Certification Service (CPDUK).
The Care Certificate Standard 4 focuses on the concepts of equality, diversity, inclusion and discrimination. Promoting equality and respecting diversity are central to life today, particularly in the provision of health and social care services.
To provide care and support that meets the needs of everyone, you have to understand what these terms mean and take account of them in your work.
Care Certificate Standard 4 Training Course – CPDUK Accredited E-Learning Course
Study method – Online, self-paced
Estimated duration (Indicative CPD hours) – 2 hours
Course format – Online (24/7 access)
Entry requirements – no prerequisites required
Assessment type – Complete end of course assessment (80% needed to pass and gain CPD certificate)
Certification/Qualification – Downloadable CPD certificate
Cost(s) of assessment and certification – Assessment and certification costs included in the course price
Course accreditation – CPD Certification Service (CPDUK)
Course access – Part-time (1-year access)
Course delivery – via desktop PC/MAC, laptops, tablets or smartphones.
Who is the online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course for?
This Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) e-learning course should be completed by those who work in health and social care services, including:
- New members of staff in Healthcare Support Worker roles,
- New members of staff in Adult Social Care Worker roles, and
- Any staff members who provide direct care to patients or individuals needing support.
This Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) e-learning course will also be useful for:
- Staff moving into new roles within their organisation,
- Refreshing the knowledge of any member of staff,
- NHS nursing, AHP and care staff,
- Agency care workers,
- Healthcare assistants (HCAs),
- Support workers,
- Care assistants, and
- Community services.
Course aims and objectives
This Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) training course helps health and social care workers to understand their legal and professional responsibilities to those they provide care.
The Care Certificate Standard 4 focuses on the concepts of equality, diversity, inclusion and discrimination. Promoting equality and respecting diversity are central to life today, particularly in the provision of health and social care services. To provide care and support that meets the needs of everyone, you have to understand what these terms mean and take account of them in your work.
On completion of this Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) training course, you will have a better understanding of:
- The importance of equality, diversity, inclusion, discrimination human rights,
- The meaning of key terms such as equality, diversity and inclusion,
- How can health and social care organisations promote an inclusive approach?
- The Human Rights Act (1998),
- Human Rights-Based Approach (F.R.E.D.A),
- Discrimination and the law,
- Main forms of discrimination?
- Bullying and harassment,
- Challenging discrimination and prejudice, and
- Individual and organisational responsibilities.
What is covered in this online care certificate standard 4 training course?
This online Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) training course covers the following:
- Understand the importance of equality and inclusion
- Explain what is meant by:
- Human Rights,
- Inclusion, and
- Describe ways in which discrimination may deliberately or inadvertently occur in the work setting,
- Explain how practices that support equality and inclusion reduce the likelihood of discrimination,
- Explain what is meant by:
- Work in an inclusive way:
- Identify which legislation and codes of practice relating to equality, diversity and discrimination apply to their role,
- Demonstrate interaction with individuals that respects their beliefs, culture, values and preferences, and
- Describe how to challenge discrimination in a way that encourages positive change.
- Access information, advice and support about diversity, equality and inclusion:
- Identify a range of sources of information, advice and support about diversity, equality and inclusion,
- Describe how and when to access information, advice and support about diversity, equality and inclusion, and
- Explain who to ask for help and support about equality and inclusion.
What is covered the care certificate standard 4?
The care certificate standard 4 covers the concepts of equality, diversity, inclusion and discrimination in the provision of health and social care services.
What is equality?
Equality is about treating people alike according to their needs. You should make sure that everyone is given equality of opportunity. For example, you may need to provide information in different formats (for example, Braille) or make sure there is access to a building for an individual in a wheelchair.
What is diversity?
Diversity can be described as 'difference'. All individuals are different, and the many different parts of a person's character and identity make them unique.
What is inclusion?
Inclusion is 'being included within either a group or society as a whole'. Inclusion links with diversity and equality. It is important to understand someone's differences so that you can include them and treat them equally and fairly. People can feel excluded if they are not able to join in with activities.
Excluding people because of their differences is known as 'discrimination'. All workers in health and social care must make sure that they work inclusively to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to take part when they want to. This is especially true about people taking part in their care and support so that it is truly centred on them as a person.
What is discrimination?
Discrimination broadly refers to actions that are often based on a person's negative attitude towards others. In human social affairs, discrimination is treatment or consideration of or making a distinction in favour of or against, a person based on the group, class, or category to which the person is perceived to belong rather than on individual attributes.
This includes treatment of an individual or group, based on their actual or perceived membership in a certain group or social category, "in a way that is worse than the way people are usually treated". It involves the group's initial reaction or interaction going on to influence the individual's actual behaviour towards the group leader or the group, restricting members of one group from opportunities or privileges that are available to another group, leading to the exclusion of the individual or entities based on logical or irrational decision making.
Why is this care certificate standard 4 training course important?
Equality and diversity are essential components of health and social care. Good equality and diversity practices make sure that the services provided to people are fair and accessible to everyone. They ensure that people are treated as equals, that people get the dignity and respect they deserve and that their differences are celebrated. Equality and diversity shouldn't be seen as bonus benefits to your health or social care setting but more as integral constituents.
In a health and social care environment, equality and diversity must be at the heart of what we do. Our patients and service users are individual people, and we should always strive to ensure that their diverse needs are met and ensure that they have equal access to the services we provide. This is particularly important for adults in need who, because of a disability, illness or their age, are unable to take adequate care of themselves and keep themselves from harm.
How do I book for the online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course?
You can book for Care Certificate Standard 4 (Equality and Diversity) training course online. Just click 'Buy Now' in the top right-hand corner of this page to order the Care Certificate Standard 4 training course online. Follow the instructions to complete the order for your Care Certificate Standard 4 training course.
Once you complete your Care Certificate Standard 4 online order, you will receive a confirmation email within a few minutes. You will also receive a separate email providing you with the link to the Care Certificate Standard 4 training course online and login details. You should then be able to access the online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course portal immediately and complete your online training modules.
Certification and Accreditation
On successful completion of the online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course, you will be able to download, save and/or print a quality assured CPD certificate. Our CPD certificate can be used to provide evidence for compliance and audit (recognised internationally).
All learning materials are designed in collaboration with The Mandatory Training Group, the leading UK providers of workforce development solutions for all sectors.
LearnPac Systems and The Mandatory Training Group have worked with a range of subject matter experts to develop high-quality online training courses and programmes. The CPD Certification Service (CPDUK) has peer-reviewed independently and accredited our online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course as conforming to universally accepted Continuous Professional Development (CPD) guidelines.
On completion of the online Care Certificate Standard 4 training course, you will be required to complete an online assessment (pass mark of 80%).
If you don't pass the first, don't worry! You can take the online test as many times as you need with no extra charge.
Why choose LearnPac Systems' E-Learning courses?
LearnPac Systems is a leading UK provider of accredited online training courses, programmes and qualifications including the following categories:
- Business Administration and Entrepreneurship
- Health, Safety and Welfare at Work
- Health and Social Care
- IT and Cyber Security
- Leadership and Management
- Mental Health Awareness
- Microsoft Office Applications
- Personal and Professional Development
- Statutory and Mandatory Training
- Soft Skills Development
- Train the Trainer
- Workplace Diversity.
LearnPac Systems