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Washington, DC. Public libraries have become essential points of access to the Internet and computers in local communities, with nearly every library in the country offering public internet access. Yet, individual library practices can have significant affect on the quality and character of this public service. Opportunity for All: How Library Policies and Practices Impact Public Internet Access, offers an analysis of the service in four public library systems and makes recommendations for strategies that help to sustain and improve public access service. The report was funded through a partnership between the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Institute of Museum and Library Services and was produced by the University of Washington Information School. [Read more]
Access to the Internet has become a central part of American society, helping all of us in many areas of our daily lives. Over the past twenty years, libraries and community technology centers have taken on the role of public access centers for those who are unable to reach the Internet at home or work, for reasons ranging from lack of financial resources to personal preference. The U.S. Impact Study is examining the users and use of these public services to better understand the impact of free access to computers and the Internet on the individuals, families and communities served by these public and private resources.


Habits and Health
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Habits and Health
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Habits and heath are popular topics with almost everyone. From listening to the radio, watching T.V, or talking with friends, the topic of habits and health seem to always come up. Habits can include such things as smoking, drinking and eating and health topics can include dieting to exercising. Talking about these subjects with others depends on your comfort level or interest on the subjects. Often times these subjects come up because of curiosity or even by someone looking for other options. While information on these subjects is readily available for people to research on their own, it is important when talking about them to be caring and show respect while not telling someone what they SHOULD be doing but instead talk about your experience and thoughts while lending some support.
The definition of a habit is an unconscious pattern of behavior that is acquired through frequent repetition. Although you hear a lot about 'bad' habits, not all are. You could have a habit of shaking hands when greeting someone or a habit of looking both ways before you cross the street for example. But without a doubt the 'bad' habits are the ones you will hear the most about and the ones people like to discuss. Below you will find some questions associated with bad habits.
"How can I stop smoking?"
"How can I cut down on drinking?"
"How can I reduce my eating?"
"I should stop smoking."
"I think I drink too much."
"I have to watch what I eat."
"I have a bad habit of interrupting people when they speak."
"I have a habit of smoking when I drink."
"Why are most habits bad for you? I wish I had a habit of eating vegetables."
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Kai Yu, Volker Tresp, and Anton Schwaighofer
We consider the problem of multi-task learning, that is, learning multiple related functions. Our approach is based on a hierarchical Bayesian framework, that exploits the equivalence between parametric linear models and nonparametric Gaussian processes (GPs). The resulting models can be learned easily via an EM-algorithm. Empirical studies on multi-label text categorization suggest that the presented models allow accurate solutions of these multi-task problems.
|Published in||Machine Learning: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference (ICML 2005)|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


What's a pliego?
A "pliego" is a simple sheet of paper that once folded turns into a microbook (a real pocket-size one, indeed). It only needs a printer, a little do-it-yourself and an average 10 minutes for reading it.
In other words
HowTo pliego from pliegos on Vimeo.
Like a Twitter for books
What can be said on just both sides of a sheet? Imagine the smallest book possible, one that you can create writing only for a while, then upload and download straight to your printer. Where the focus is not quantity but quality, and reachable for anyone.
Fighting eBooks since 1500
The name "pliego" (folded in Spanish, also known as octavo in English) comes from an antique format that was very popular in the XV century. Sheets of paper hanged form ropes and bought on the streets, containing short stories, poems and other pieces of popular literature. So yes, we're talking here about a really new-old thing :)
The read-it-later definitive app
Reading online or digital is fine, but some words may deserve a time and place away from the computer screen. Why not saving or distributing nice posts this way, for example, so you can read them later in a quiet caffee or in the bus? Yes, there are gadgets for that too, but you can't leave them somewhere after reading (as an unexpected gift for the next peasant :¬)
Micro-content is king
Like it or not, small is the new big. We have less time for long texts, microblogging is here to stay and we always do things in small time-blocks anyway. So consider each pliego like a minimum knowledge unit, somehow. It can be a fiction short story but also the first chapter of a bigger adventure. Or part of a course, a module of something wider to be learnt.
Mind-haking tool
For teaching and learning purposes, pliegos could be a great companion of open and online courses. What about a daily or weekly diet of this kinds of short texts? Or a cooperative written one about a certain subject, that can be reused then by others? The modular possibilities of this sort of books can be infinite.
Urban gifts
Pliegos can be collected like stamps or stickers, but once read we strongly emphasize to leave them in the public space. Like an anonymous gift for a stranger reader. Specially if they contain text extracted form the Internet: turning this way the digital into physical, like a paper bridge between both worlds.
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crimes are still in existence. Macy's actions constituted the common law crimes of compounding a crime and misprision of a crime. In addition, their actions also constituted the statutory crime of extortion.
Compounding a crime occurs when a person enters into an agreement for one person to pay money in exchange for an agreement to not prosecute the crime. In Massachusetts only the District Attorney or the Attorney General can agree that a crime won't be prosecuted. Any other person who agrees that a crime won't be prosecuted is committing a criminal act. If Macy's accepts money and agrees that a shoplifter won't be prosecuted then Macy's has committed the crime of compounding.
If Macy's, having agreed that a crime shall not be reported to the police fails to report the crime then they have committed the crime of misprision of a crime. Every citizen has the duty to report crimes to the government. In our society we don't prosecute people who merely fail to report crimes. However, if a person has received money and then fails to report the crime then they may be prosecuted for misprision. Compounding is the crime of making the agreement not to prosecute. Misprision is the act of failing to report the crime.
When Macy's asked for money in exchange for not prosecuting the shoplifter, they committed the crime of extortion. The elements of extortion are (1) a malicious threat (2) made to a named person (3) to accuse someone of a crime or to injure someone's person or property (4) with intent to extort money. Mass.G.L. c. 265, § 25. This means that Macy's committed three separate and distinct criminal acts. When they asked form money the committed extortion. When they agree to not prosecute they committed compounding of a crime. If they took the money and then failed to report the shoplifter they committed the crime of misprision.
When settling a civil case that has the potential for criminal charges, parties want to eliminate the ability to be criminally prosecuted. This can't be done without violating criminal laws. When I have encountered this problem in my practice I have agreed to a "gag order" as part of the settlement. A gag order typically states that neither party can talk about the facts of the case or the settlement without creating civil penalties. However, I always include language that states that the gag order shall not apply if there is a duty to disclose the information including, but not limited to, disclosure to law enforcement officials. This exception means that the gag order does not violate any criminal laws. An attorney who understands the common law crimes should always include language of this nature.
Macy's practice of demanding a civil penalty without a judgment from a court should cease immediately. Since the cost of going to court is more than the potential $500.00 recovery this means that it is unlikely that any shoplifters will ever pay the civil penalty. However, it also means that Macy's will stop violating criminal laws.
Sunday, May 31, 2015
Cyber harassment can be very expensive.
The internet and social media has created new opportunities for people to harass and harm others. One person who used the internet to harass a neighbor found it very expensive as a Massachusetts court has issued a judgment of 4.8 million dollars for cyber harassment and another court found him and his wife guilty of criminal harassment and sentenced them to jail.
Two neighbors, Johnson and Lyons had a real estate dispute about Johnson's plans to build a 4,500 square foot house. Johnson and his wife used the internet to harass Lyons. He placed a false ad on craigslist which falsely stated that he had a deceased son. The craiglist ads were designed to have people respond late at night so that it interfered with the Lyons's sleep. Johnson caused emails and letters to be sent falsely alleging that Lyons had molested his own son and an underage employee. Johnson subscribed Lyons to a number of organizations including organizations for nudists and gays. Lyons sued Johnson for intentional infliction of emotional distress. After a jury trial, Lyons was awarded $4.8 million dollars in damages. The Johnsons were also prosecuted for criminal charges of harassment. This resulted in convictions for both Johnson and his wife and they were both sentenced to jail terms.
It is safe to assume that not every cyber harassment case will result in multi-million dollar verdicts and jail terms. However, this case shows that existing laws can address criminal behavior that uses new technology. If you are a victim of cyber harassment you should go to the police. You may also find it helpful to consult a Massachusetts attorney to advice you about your rights and how to protect yourself.
Saturday, March 28, 2015
Death and Facebook. The Legacy Feature.
A friend of mine died and his wife posted his death and funeral arrangements on his Facebook page. In this era of social media, Facebook is a natural and expected forum to notify friends and relatives of such information. Unfortunately, use of his Facebook account was unauthorized by Facebook and constituted criminal behaviour under both Massachusetts and Federal law. At the time of his death, his wife had no other way to use his Facebook account to provide notice. Since that time, Facebook has changed its policies and now has a Legacy feature for memorization of Facebook pages after death.
Facebook's Terms of Service states: "You will not share your password let anyone else access your account, or do anything else that might jeopardize the security of your account." In other words, the only authorized user of a Facebook page is the registered owner. There is no exception for family members after death. Authorization is important because both Massachusetts and Federal law make it a crime for any person who is not an authorized user to access a computer. Since using Facebook means that a user accesses Facebook's computer, any person who is not authorized by Facebook and uses another person's account is committing a crime. Massachusetts General Laws chapter 266, section120F punishes unauthorized computer access by up to thirty days in jail and a one thousand dollar fine. United States Code Title 18Section 1030 punishes unauthorized computer access by up to twenty years in prison and fines. Permission to use a Facebook account by the registered owner of the account is still a crime because Facebook doesn't allow such permission. A widow posting information about her husband's death is unauthorized and a criminal act.
Facebook has recognized people's desires to use Facebook accounts after death and has created a new feature called Legacy. During a person's life, they can designate a person as a "Legacy Contact." This person will have limited rights to access a Facebook account after a person dies. The Legacy Contact can post a final message and Memorialize the account. Memorialization freezes the account, indicates that the owner died and may allow others to share memories on the account.
Every individual with a Facebook account should consider a legacy contact. This should become part of estate planning and become just as routine as writing a will or making pre-death funeral arrangements. Unauthorized computer access can have serious criminal consequences. A lawyer can help understand how to avoid violating the law and still enjoy social media.
Sunday, March 15, 2015
Civil remedies for spying with technology
In the past I have blogged about using technology to spy on a spouse the potential consequences. I have written about criminal penalties, and civil lawsuits. A recent case, Tinory v. DePierre, Mass.App.Div. No. 14-ADMS-4022 (2015), involved a GPS device planted on a car. This resulted in a claim for trespass. Trespass is normally thought of as the unpermitted, illegal entry onto a person's real property. However, Massachusetts law does allow trespass to personal property. In the Tinory case, the wife in a divorce action hired a private investigator to place a global positioning system device (GPS) on her husband's truck to monitor his whereabouts. This resulted in a lawsuit for trespass because there was an unpermitted, illegal touching of personal property (the truck.)
It is clear that society does not want people to spy on their spouses with technology. While people think that they will get an advantage in a divorce is they get information by spying, it rarely works that way. There are a number of laws with criminal penalties for spying and people may sue in civil court for damages when such spying occurs. In addition, Family Court judges don't want to encourage spying by allowing such evidence to be used.
If you are the victim of electronic spying you should consult a lawyer who can advise you about the law and your options.
Sunday, March 8, 2015
Can an out of state divorce decree be modified by a Massachusetts Court?
In a recent case, Cohen v. Cohen, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that Massachusetts had no jurisdiction to modify a California divorce decree to order college expenses and child support. This case is easily misunderstood as the decision is limited to a particular type of case.
In the Cohen case, the parties were divorced in California and the Wife and child continued to live in California. The husband moved to Massachusetts. This meant that the Wife had to use the Massachusetts Courts to enforce the California divorce judgment. She could have hired a Massachusetts lawyer to collect her child support or she could have used the California child support agency to collect the money. She selected the California child support agency.
Every state has an agency which collects child support for residents of the state. In the Cohen case, the California agency initiated an interstate child support collection action under the Uniform


Epsom Baths: A Guide
Updated: Mar 27
Epsom Salts have always been known to be a great source of magnesium (this is why we're so fond of magnesium). Studies have shown that many people lack this important mineral because magnesium levels are diminishing in our environment.
The high magnesium quantity in Epsom salts make them an amazingly relaxing soak. Epsom salts also have numerous benefits in terms of healthcare, beauty and household uses. They've been added to baths since they were first discovered at a salty spring in Epsom, England. Using epsom salt in baths and beauty treatments is a great way to improve magnesium levels.
In this article, we give you a comprehensive guide covering everything Epsom Baths!
Why Are Epsom Baths Beneficial?
Detoxification: The human body is exposed to more than 20,000 toxins on a regular basis. These include everything from pesticides, herbicides, medications and PCBs. An Epsom Bath helps refresh your body and detoxify from your environment.
Relieve Inflammation And Pain: An Epsom salt bath can help reduce inflammation that causes pain, as well as relieving muscle tension. It has also been found to reduce the pain from migraine headaches.
Promote Restful Sleep: If you, like millions of other people around the world, have a hard time sleeping at night - Epsom Baths can do you wonders for a good night's sleep. Make it a habit to take an Epsom Bath around half an hour before you sleep. You can follow up the bath with chamomile tea. In just a few days, you'll notice a major difference in your sleeping patterns!
Ease Stress: When your body contains excessive levels of adrenaline, or a lack of magnesium, you will be faced with long-term stress that leads to conditions like diabetes, obesity, insomnia and high blood pressure. An Epsom Bath re-supplies your body with magnesium. Consequently, there is a more generous production of serotonin in the body. This is the mood-lifting chemical in the brain that decreases anxiety and eases stress.
How To Take An Epsom Salt Bath:
The minerals in a detox Epsom Salt Bath are believed to help remove toxins from the body to relieve stress, improve your health, cure constipation, and even help with weight loss! The most important feature of Epsom Salt Baths is the magnesium absorption. This is especially helpful to people with a magnesium deficiency.
Use Epsom salt to make a detox bath like this:
1. Fill the bathtub with warm water. Use 1-2 cups of Epsom salt for a normal sized bathtub..
2. Pour the salt into running water. This helps it dissolve quicker.
3. Optional, but you can add essential oils like peppermint or lavender for more aromatherapy benefits, such as an improved mood and relaxation.
4. Sit in the tub for at least 15-20 minutes. Grab a magazine, put on some soothing music, and soak in all the Epsom goodness!
If you don't have enough time for a full bath, you can create your own shower paste with Epsom salt. Just add quarter a cup of organic olive oil, and enough Epsom salt to make a paste. You can use this as a scrub in the shower!
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An ideal solution or ideal mixture is a solution in which the enthalpy of solution is zero ΔHsolution = 0; the closer to zero the enthalpy of solution, the more "ideal" the behavior of the solution becomes. An ideal mixture is one in which the activity coefficients are equal to one. The concept of an ideal solution is fundamental to chemical thermodynamics and its applications, such as the use of colligative properties. Since the enthalpy of mixing (solution) is zero, the change in Gibbs free energy on mixing is determined solely by the entropy of mixing.
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source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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John Adams has described Phrygian Gates and its shorter "companion" piece China Gates (written between 1977 and 1978) as his "Opus 1." Built on an unrelenting sense of pulse and unfolding gradually, both pieces were influenced by the Minimalism of Terry Riley (In C), Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. Process (like phasing and gradually building musical patterns with the addition of one note at a time) lies at the heart of early Minimalism. Phrygian Gates and China Gates may be Adams' most process-oriented works, but there's also a sense of restlessness. John Adams was once described as "a Minimalist bored with Minimalism." Even in these first mature works, written around the time Adams turned 30, unexpected disruption of process foreshadows Adams' later music.
At his blog, Earbox, John Adams describes Phrygian Gates:
Phrygian Gates is a 22-minute tour of half of the cycle of keys, modulating by the circle of fifths rather than stepwise à la Well-Tempered Clavier. The structure is in the form of a modulating square wave with one state in the Lydian mode and the other in the Phrygian mode. As the piece progresses the amount of time spent in the Lydian gradually shortens while that given over to the Phrygian lengthens. Hence the very first section, on A Lydian, is the longest in the piece and is followed by a very short passage on A Phrygian. In the next pair (E Lydian and Phrygian) the Lydian section is slightly shorter while its Phrygian mate is proportionally longer, and so on until the tables are turned. Then follows a coda in which the modes are rapidly mixed, one after the other. "Gates," a term borrowed from electronics, are the moments when the modes abruptly and without warning shift. There is "mode" in this music, but there is no "modulation".
The Phrygian and Lydian modes, commonly used in jazz, with roots back to ancient Greece, have a distinctly different sound and "feel" from major and minor scales. (Listen to the sound of the Phrygian and Lydian modes). These scales seem to float in midair because they don't have the same sense of pull from dominant to tonic we hear in tonal music. In an interview with Edward Strickland, John Adams described the qualities of these modes and their relationship in the music:
I immediately imagined a piece in which modes would oscillate-two radically different church modes, the Phrygian, which is very nervous and unstable, since it starts on the third degree and so opens with a half step, and the Lydian which begins on the fourth degree and so has a raised fourth-very stable and yet ecstatic, used in a lot of New Age music, which is supposed to induce bliss and ecstasy.
Phrygian Gates is constantly developing and teeming with energy. At the same time, it forces us to slow down and celebrate the moment. Listen to the way the emphasis shifts within its eternal pulse. Here is Ralph van Raat's recording:
China Gates was written during Northern California's rainy season, perhaps suggesting the gentle, continuous patter of rain hitting a rooftop. According to Adams, the piece's structure forms an "almost perfect palindrome," first alternating between Mixolydian and Aeolian modes, culminating with a similar alternation between Lydian and Locrian modes, and using all four in the middle.
Here is Emanuele Arciuli's recording:


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Explorers have long used horses to discover unfamiliar landscapes and many of our adventures provide an opportunity to experience this traditional form of exploration. Rides are generally short, under two hours, with the primary focus to experience the surroundings from horseback. Guides are experienced cowboys or caballeros and the animals are well taken care of. In many rural destinations horses continue to be a major source of transportation and culture. Exploring a forest or countryside by horseback is a fun and exciting way to interact with the local nature and culture.
A horseback ride is often combined with another activity or experience to make a full day. Ride in the morning or afternoon depending on the trip. On a typical ride you would not be in the saddle longer than two hours before taking a break to stretch. Longer rides may include a picnic lunch along the way. Many of our itineraries offer horseback riding as an optional activity to enjoy during your free time. If you are especially interested in exploring by horseback please let our staff know.
No experience is necessary ride horses, simply a sense of adventure and a sturdy back end. While physical requirements are modest you will enjoy your ride more if you are in decent physical condition. Horseback riding can be difficult for people with back conditions.


Kinect SDK 1 - The Player Index
Written by Harry Fairhead
Monday, 05 March 2012
Article Index
Kinect SDK 1 - The Player Index
Displaying the data
Color mapping
Extracting the player index
Separating the two pieces of information is fairly easy. You can use a logical mask to extract the lower three bits and then use right shifts to normalize the depth data and to get rid of the player index bits.
That is if s is a short value we can extract the player index using:
user index = s & 0x07;
and the depth using
depth = ((ushort) s )>>3;
The x07 is just 111 in binary and it masks out the bottom three bits. You can use
in place of x07 if you want to and
in place of the three in the shift.
If you don't follow the shift expression you need to remember that a short can be a positive or a negative value and you need to shift the bits down using a logical and not an arithmetic shift. To do this you need to cast the value to a (ushort) i.e. unsigned short.
Putting this together we can now start to process the data into something more usable. As a first step let's separate the data into two arrays:
int[] depth = new int[
int[] player = new int[
we need to scan through the short array and extract the data:
player[i] = pixelData[i] &
depth[i] = ((ushort) pixelData[i])>>
Displaying the data - Windows Forms
Bitmap IntToBitmap(int[] array,
int w,int h)
Bitmap bmap = new Bitmap(
BitmapData bmapdata = bmap.LockBits(
new Rectangle(0, 0, w,h),
IntPtr ptr = bmapdata.Scan0;
return bmap;
pictureBox1.Image = IntToBitmap(depth,
pictureBox2.Image = IntToBitmap(player,
But if you do try to view this you will most likely see just a black screen. The reason is that the player index runs from 0 - black to 7, which is a very dark blue in this color mapping.
Last Updated ( Friday, 27 April 2012 )
Copyright © 2014 All Rights Reserved.


text:
The Kinematics and Dynamics of Galactic Rings
The Physics of Resonance
The physics involved in resonance entails the differential rotation of a galaxy's bar with respect to particles in the the disk of the galaxy. Put simply, it is the value of the bar pattern angular velocity in relation to the angular frequency of circular rotation and the radial epicyclic frequency of every star and dust cloud in the disk of the galaxy. The epicycles are actually closed elliptical orbits of material in the disk of the galaxy that are precessing around the central region of the galaxy. How fast a bar pattern rotates determines what kind of resonance you end up with in a galaxy. If the bar pattern speed is fast enough then it is believed that it can push a spiral out to the Outer Lindblad Resonance (OLR). If OLR is in the visible disk then it may lead to ring and pseudoring formation. The three major resonances relevant to ring formation are:Outer Lindblad Resonance (OLR)
Inner Lindblad Resonance (ILR)
Inner 4:1 Ultraharmonic Resonance (UHR)
Figure 1. The OLR subclass of outer pseudoringsFigure. 2.
Schematic showing the relative shapes, sizes, and major-axis orientations of all of the bar and ring features of NGC 3081, including the "dimples" in the outer R1 ring feature. Here "nr" refers to the nuclear ring, and "nb" to the nuclear (secondary) bar. Axes are labeled in arcsecond offsets relative to the nucleus. North is at the top, and east is to the left.
Image and description source: A HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE STUDY OF STAR FORMATION IN THE INNER RESONANCE RING OF NGC 3081
by R. Buta et al.
Other important types of resonance are corotation (CR)
and the outer 4:1 resonance
. In corotation (CR) the periodic rate of rotation of the bar is equal to the angular frequency of circular rotation of the disk. In the outer 4:1 resonance the periodic rate of rotation of the bar is equal to the angular frequency of circular rotation plus 1/4 of the radial epicyclic frequency.
Figure 3. Corotation resonace (CR)
If you read nothing else on this subject, at the very least, read Galactic Rings
by R. Buta and F. Combes. I consider this a must-read. (very highly recommended)
Another paper worth reading is the following:
Title: The Morphology of Barred Galaxies
Authors: Buta, R.
Journal: Barred galaxies. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Volume 91; Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Alabama; Tuscaloosa; Alabama; 30 May - 3 June 1995; San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP #91); |c1996; edited by R. Buta, D. A. Crocker and B. G. Elmegreen, p.11
Bibliographic Code: 1996ASPC...91...11BTABLE I.
Summary of notation for ring and lens phenomena (below) from the paper (above), Galactic Rings
by R. Buta and F. Combes.
|TABLE I. Summary of notation for ring and lens phenomena|
|R1||Type 1 OLR subclass outer ring|
|R1'||Type 1 OLR subclass outer pseudoring|
|R2'||Type 2 OLR subclass outer pseudoring|
Here's a wonderful paper written by Dr. Ronald Buta et al on a study done with the Hubble Space Telescope of the inner resonance ring of NGC 3081. Even though the paper's focus is on this one galaxy, it gives the reader a much more in-depth understanding of the kinematics and dynamics of inner rings in general. Admittedly, it's a little technical, but well worth reading. A HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE STUDY OF STAR FORMATION IN THE INNER RESONANCE RING OF NGC 3081
The Origins of Spiral Arms
How Two, Three and Four Arms Are CreatedThe Origins of Spiral Arms
by a Single Galactic Bar
- translated by Charles Danforth, University of ColoradoFigure 1.
By aligning a series of concentric elliptical (2/1) orbits, a bar can be produced (a). If each ellipse is given an azimuthal offset proportional to r½
, the effect is a two armed spiral of orbits (b). A set of (3/2) orbits produces a three armed spiral (c) and (4/1) produces a four armed pattern (d).
The above illustration is from The Origins of Spiral Arms
by Charles Danforth, University of Colorado.
Star-Forming Nuclear Rings in Spiral Galaxies
Here's a paper entitled Star-Forming Nuclear Rings in Spiral Galaxies.pdf
Examples of the Application of the Notation for Ring
and Lens Types to Actual Images of Galaxies
I realize that this is a lot to swallow all at once. So, I have provided a couple of examples of objects, each with a very sophisticated classification using feature symbols from Table I. There is a summary of notation for ring and lens phenomena below. But, I have also included "alternative" classifications from both NED and SIMBAD, which are considerably simpler, to give you a better idea of what you may come across in Galaxy Analysis. Thank you for reading.
Classifications: (R1R2')SAB(r,nr)0/a Alternative ClassificationsSIMBAD
Basic data: Seyfert 1 Galaxy*
Morphological type S0:rNED
Classifications: (R_1)SAB(r)0/a Sy2*
*SIMBAD and NED seem to be in disagreement on whether this is a Seyfert 1 or a Seyfert 2 galaxy.
RA = 6:50.1, Dec. = +60:51
Classifications: (RR)SB(rs)a Sy2Alternative ClassificationsSIMBAD
Basic data: Seyfert 2 Galaxy
Morphological type SBaNED
Classifications: SB(r)a: Sy2
The thumbnails (below) are more examples of ring and pseudoring classifications.


Colours of Wildlife: Eastern Tiger Snake
1 Conversation
Eastern Tiger Snake
Eastern Tiger Snake by Willem
I offer to you another photo taken on my trip with Ruan, Luke and Chad to the Pafuri region, December 2020. I promise to soon be back to drawing and painting! But I'm happy with how this photo came out. It is an Eastern Tiger Snake, Telescopus semiannulatus. A very pretty little snake, small, and well-behaved! Our method is to catch them, get them to pose, photograph them and then release them where we found them. So I'm very indebted to my herpetologist friends for catching this little pretty and posing him so I could take a snap!
The genus Telescopus, the Old World Cat Snakes, belongs to the Colubridae, the largest of the snake families, which has members all over the world. Other members of this family in South Africa include the Boomslang, the Vine (or Twig) Snake and the Egg Eaters. The family tends to be mostly harmless, with a few exceptions. There are currently fourteen species of Telescopus recognized, found in Africa, Asia and southern Europe. The largest ones reach 180 cm/6" in length.
Eastern tiger snakes, sometimes called Tiger Cat Snakes, must rank among the prettiest of snakes, with their vivid salmon pink to yelow-orange colour marked by the neat black half-rings. They also have cute, large-eyed, short-snouted faces. Their pupils are vertical slits like those of a cat, that can open up to admit more light when it's dark. At an average adult length of 60-90 cm/24"-36" they're not very large, and have quite slender bodies. Their heads are noticeably wider than their necks. And are they dangerous at all? They do have venom, but it's not very strong, and is delivered by fangs in the back of their mouths, unlike the front-fangs of snakes such as adders and vipers. The fangs have grooves in them down which the venom seeps, unlike the hollow hypodermic-needle-like venom injections system of viper fangs. This means they can only inject venom with a very well-placed bite. The venom is neurotoxic, working on the nerves. Such a bite in a human will cause swelling and some pain, like a bee sting. But a few people may actually be allergic to tiger snake venom, just like some are allergic to bee stings, and this can of course complicate matters. When threatened, a tiger snake will flatten its head, almost like the hood-spreading behaviour of a cobra, drawing its head back and then striking with an open mouth, but it is largely for show.
This is quite a common and widespread snake species in South Africa. It occurs mostly in the north-eastern parts of the country, inhabiting wooded habitats ranging from arid savannah to moist woodland and forest. It also occurs further to the north in Central and Eastern Africa as far north as the DRC and Kenya. There is also a subspecies, the Damara Tiger Snake, that is confined to the arid Northern Cape and Namibia. It is a nocturnal species, hiding and sleeping by day in various crevices in rocks or trees. It comes out to hunt at night, slithering over the ground or climbing into trees and bushes. Its large eyes enable it to hunt even in dark nights. It feeds mostly on other reptiles, especially geckoes. But it also eats small birds, bats, rodents and other small mammals. It strikes and grabs its prey in its mouth, chewing at it to ensure that the venom is delivered, and coiling itself around it to prevent it from escaping. It then swallows its prey whole. It is itself often hunted by other, larger snakes.
So far we don't know much else about these handsome snakes. They reproduce by eggs, the female laying 3-20 in leaf litter, in the summer. They've been recorded as living a bit over seven years, but might reach 10 under good circumstances. They are most vulnerable when crossing roads at night; this is generally the case with snakes. We found a large number of pancaked specimens of various different snake species during our survey. But despite this and other threats, eastern tiger snakes are common and not considered endangered.
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Aspects of the topic porocyte are discussed in the following places at Britannica. on any word to see a definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
Porocytes is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Porocytes books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
Phase contrast photomicrography of cellular behaviour in spongillid
the initial photographic record of spongillid porocyte cellular behavior.
Properties of the Wall of Leucosolenia variabilis
The Choanoderm and the Porocyte Epithelium. By W.
The Contractility and Healing Behaviour of Pieces of Leucosotenia
Sponge cell types
Porocytes: tubular cells that porocytes connect the atrium with the prosopyles, apopyles, incurrent canals –pinoor porocytes.
Porifera Cell Types Cell Types Cell Types Choanocytes Cell - UNCA
27. Jan. 2011 Cell Types.
Suggested News Resources
Sponges: The Original Animal House
The beating flagella create a current that draws water in through the porocytes or intercellular pores (in either case, the holes are called "ostia") and out through the central hollow of the sponge, called the osculum.
Suggested Web Resources
Porocytes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Porocytes are tubular cells which make up the pores of a sponge. Covering the sponge is a layer of cells, very similar to skin, but it's slightly different.
porocyte (sponge) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia
What is the difference between porocytes and ostia on sponges
Porocytes are single cells with a hole through it. There are many of them bringing water and its contents into the sponge.
The Wet World of Sponges - Anatomy - Exterior Layer
2) PorocytesThroughout the pinacocytes, at various intervals, there are porocytes which are each associated with a pore on the surface of the sponge.
Sponges -
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Trait: Anthropomorphic Animal
Traits > Body > Features > Humanoid (Non-human) > Anthropomorphic Animal
Anthropomorphic Animal - a bipedal hybrid of an animal in a humanoid form. For a character to be considered anthropomorphic animal, either human and animal traits should be pronounced in about equal measure, or the latter should be dominant.
Do not use the trait to describe characters that look mostly human, but have minor animal characteristics, like animal ears (use Kemonomimi instead) or a tail (use Tail).
Only use the trait to describe the characters, for whom the anthropomorphic form is the primary one. Do not use it for shapeshifters, who can turn into an alternative animalistic form (e.g. a werewolf).
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text:
Publisher : The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
DOI : 10.22634/KSME-A.1918.104.22.1688
Title & Authors
Thermoviscoelastic Stress Analysis by the Finite Element Method Sim, Woo-JIn; Park, In-Kyu;
Uncoupled, quasi-static and linear thermoviscoelastic problems are analyzed in time domain by the finite element approximation which is developed using the principle of virtual work and viscoelasticity matrices instead of shear and bulk relaxation functions as in usual formulations. The material is assumed to be isotropic, homegeneous and thermorheologically simple, which means that the temperature-time equivalence postulate is effective. The stress-strain laws are expressed by relaxation-type hereditary integrals. In spatial and time discritizations, isoparametric quadratic quadrilateral finite elements and linear time variations are adopted. For explicit derivations, the viscoelastic material is assumed to behave standard linear solid in shear and elastically in dilatation. Two-dimensional examples are solved under general temperature distributions T = T(x, t), and compared with other opproximate solutions to show the versatility of the presented analysis.
Thermoviscoelastic;Thermorheologically Simple;Hereditary Integral;Viscoelasticity Matrix;Finite Element Method;


choose to bleep out or dip the sound on strong language rather than edit it out of a programme. In these cases, it's important to ensure the sound is completely removed and that television viewers cannot see the words being clearly mouthed by the speaker. Entertainment and factual programmes may want to suggest the existence of strong language by including the first and/or last syllables but this is not acceptable pre-watershed if audiences can easily understand what the word is intended to be.
Further Reading
This guidance is informed by the findings of the BBC's most exhaustive research into issues of taste and standards, contained in the 2009 report Taste, Standards and the BBC: Public Attitudes to Morality, Values and Behaviour in UK Broadcasting:


text:
Thefeatures bullets section highlights information about the DSP functions, features, and options of the device. Some features bullets provide an indication of functionality and application of the device, while others define peripherals and package options.
The Features section of a data sheet is typically located on the first page of the data sheet. Most often, they are indicated using a bullet format to provide a break-down on a peripheral or device designation. Typical information contained in this section include:
Clock and cycle time - This data provides the maximum selectable speeds and clock outputs the processor can operate under normal conditions. This data is also used to define the instruction or cycle time the device can perform an instruction.
Package Options - This section will provide information on the type of packages available for the device and the pin counts
Instruction set - This section summarizes the type of architecture and special features that optimize code size or execution time.
Peripherals - This section summarizes the peripherals available on the device as well as define important parameters of their operation (registers, interfaces)
Memory - This section will define the sizes of both on chip memory and off chip addressing space. The data will also include a break-down on how that memory is available for data and program space.


text:
Erfolgreich recherchieren - Medizin
[Successful Research Strategies – Medicine]
- Success as a student today necessitates the effective use of information resources.
- The "Successful Research Strategies" series provides quick and reliable overviews for students at every level of study.
- All the volumes are written by well-known information experts at university and specialized libraries.
- Periodically updated editions are planned.
Aims and Scope
The volume Erfolgreich recherchieren - Medizin [Successful Research Strategies: Medicine] provides a comprehensive overview of information resources in all sectors of medicine. The work not only presents key research tools such as library catalogues, specialized bibliographies, Internet search engines, article databases, and reference works, but also includes strategies for conducting a successful literature search.
- viii, 120 pages
- DE GRUYTER SAUR
- Type of Publication:
- Information competency; information resources; medicine; research; education
- Undergraduate and graduate students in medicine and dental medicine, educational and research institutes, specialist libraries


text:
KidzMondo Doha is an international edutainment concept designed to provide a complete solution for children in a unique indoor theme park. This kids' city is created to impart knowledge through playful learning. Children will experience age-appropriate activities in a dynamic and safe surroundings. It is an interactive and educational environment where kids simulate a profession, wear their respective uniforms and perform the role of a doctor, pilot and others.
Shop at KidzMondo using the Mall of Qatar Gift Card and enjoy the following discount:


Putten raid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lady of Putten in the memorial garden (Vrouwtje van Putten Herdenkingshof)
The Putten raid (Dutch: Razzia van Putten) was one the worst civilians raids conducted by the Germans in occupied Netherlands during the Second World War. On 1 October 1944, a total of 602 men - almost the entire male population of the village - were taken from Putten, in the central Netherlands, and deported to various concentration camps in Nazi Germany. Only 48 returned at the end of the war. The action was undertaken as a reprisal for a Dutch resistance attack on a vehicle carrying personnel from the Wehrmacht.
On the night of 30 September-1 October 1944, a car carrying two officers and two corporals of the German Army was ambushed by members of the Dutch resistance near the Oldenallerbrug bridge between Putten and Nijkerk. In the attack, a resistance fighters named Frans Slotboom was wounded but later died. One German officer, Lt Otto Sommer, was also wounded, escaped to a nearby farmhouse to raise the alarm; but died the following day. The two German corporals fled while the second officer, Oberleutnant Eggart, was injured and captured. Due to his wounds, the resistance fighters abandoned him in a place where he could be found by the Germans.
German reprisal[edit]
660 symbolic graves in the Putten memorial garden
The German reprisal raid was conducted the following day. At the command of General Friedrich Christiansen, Putten was surrounded by German forces led by Fritz Fullriede. The women and men of the village were captured and separated, and over one hundred houses in the village were set on fire. Six men and a woman were shot dead during the raid. The women were held at the church until 9pm, while the men and boys were detained separately nearby at the village school. On 2 October, 661 men between the ages of 18 and 50 were taken to Amersfoort concentration camp, where 59 older or unfit men were released. The remaining 602 men left Amersfoort on 11 October and taken to Neuengamme concentration camp as forced labour. During the transportation, 13 men escaped by jumping from the train. From Neuengamme, some were moved on to other camps or sub-camps, including Ladelund, Bergen-Belsen, Meppen-Versen, Beendorf, Wöbbelin and Malchow. Only 48 men returned after the end of the war, but another 5 died from their mistreatment after they arrived home. A total of 552 men died, mostly victims of malnutrition, slave labour and infectious diseases.
Lady of Putten memorial
Commemorative stone at the Oude Kerk in Putten
A monument commemorating the victims of the raid was unveiled by Queen Juliana on 1 October 1949. The monument includes a memorial park designed by Jan Bijhouwer and a sandstone statue by Mari Andriessen depicting a grieving woman in traditional dress with a handkerchief in her hand, known as "The Lady of Putten". The statue looks toward the Oude Kerk in Putten, from where the men were deported.
A silent memorial held at the monument on 2 October each year, attended by hundreds of people. Wreaths are laid by the college van B&W, the "Stichting Oktober '44", a few surviving returnees, schoolchildren from Putten, and other organizations from the Netherlands and abroad.
Coordinates: 52°15′N 5°32′E / 52.25°N 5.53°E / 52.25; 5.53
See also[edit]
Based on the Dutch-language version at nl:Razzia_van_Putten


create a filter that limits the data to a sliding time window, such as the previous 5 days. You specify filters in Charts using an MQL Query Document. To specify a relative date query, you need to do a bit of arithmetic to create a new Date object based on the number of milliseconds relative to the current date, represented by Date(). To specify the last 5 days, use the following filter:
{ observationDate: {$gte: Date(Date() - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)}}
After applying the filter, you can give your chart a title and we're done!
After saving the chart, you can resize it on your dashboard, and then start to create additional charts to give you even more insight into the weather in your city.
Another Example: Home Battery Data
I chose the Weather scenario for the main example in this article as it's easy to get working and something we can all relate to. However, in practice, you can probably get a lot of this info from weather websites. The real value is not so much in this one specific example but in the pattern and its implementation using the MongoDB platform.
No matter what your interests are, chances are there are APIs that return data that is of value to you, and you can use the same approach from the weather example to ingest and visualize this data. The following screenshot shows one I created to show the status and history of my home battery storage system. You can see the storage level over the last week, the current storage level and understand how the usage changes over the seasons.
Hopefully, this will give you some ideas on dashboards that you'd like to create. Have fun exploring and visualizing your data!


text:
Akkadian is a cover term for the Semitic languages of ancient Mesopotamia,
constituting the eastern branch of the Semitic family.
Akkadian, the most ancient Semitic linguistic continuum attested, was
written in the cuneiform script, mainly on clay tablets. It is attested
from the third millennium BCE to the third century CE. Linguistic research
of Akkadian has been relatively scanty, and grammatical descriptions of any
of the attested languages and dialects were intended primarily for didactic
purposes. Research has concentrated on phonology, and, especially, on
morphology, which is typically Semitic. Syntactic structures have remained
The grammatical description offered in LW/M is based on the language of
mythological narratives from the Old Babylonian period (the first half of
the second millennium BCE). Considering the state of the art and the frame
and goals of this series, the authors have confined themselves to a brief
model of the language and to defining the basic linguistic strategies of
Akkadian. As such, it may also serve as a guide to Semitic grammatical
All levels of the grammar of this language are treated together for the
first time: phonology, morphology, microand macro-syntax. Some attention
is given to linguistic variation, acknowledging the (relatively small)
diversity within the time-space continuum of the texts which constitute
this corpus. A short description of the cuneiform script will aim at giving
some idea of the problems one encounters in attempting to elicit the
linguistic data of Akkadian.
This grammatical description is written with a systemic, structural
conception of language in mind. It is intended first and foremost for
linguists for whom the language is inaccessible for various reasons, and
for Semitists whose expertise is not in Akkadian. However,
Assyriologists will benefit from it as well, as this description is unique
in its linguistic presentation, revealing important details hitherto unknown.
Shlomo Izre'el is professor of Semitic linguistics at Tel-Aviv University.
Eran Cohen is lecturer in linguistics at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
A provisional list of corrections to Literary Old Babylonian by Shlomo
Izre'el and Eran Cohen (Languages of the World/Materials, 81, München:
LINCOM, 2004) can be found at


text:
The Magnolia class had the field trip preschool dreams are made of when they visited Fire Station number 2 in Berkeley. In anticipation of the big event, students baked up a yummy batch of carrot cake muffins to give to the firefighters as a show of appreciation.
Upon their arrival at station number 2, the students were greeted by our very friendly and informative guides. Many of our kiddos had a peek inside the fire engine, and took a look at the fire truck and ambulance. Then students got to watch as one of the fire fighters put on all of the gear they wear whenever they go out on a call. The class had a chance to ask questions, and then it was time for a snack and for sharing the muffins we brought. As they were wrapping up our visit, an emergency call came in and the class quickly cleared the driveway so that the fire engine and ambulance could speed away. It was a very exciting end to their visit!


text:
Long-age puzzle of thin ice at the edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet
The margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in North America was generally composed of lobes, possibly as the result of rapid movement or surges to the south. The Des Moines Lobe (DML) was the largest of several lobes that extended into the mid-continental region of the USA. The DML, determined by mapping lateral and end moraines, was up to 250 km wide and covered more than 100,000 km2 in southern Minnesota and north-central Iowa.
Reconstructions of the surface morphology of the DML at its maximum, assuming that the thickness of the ice at the edge was as high as the horseshoe-bounding moraine, have indicated that the DML was probably thin and gently sloping.1,2 Such measurements have produced a puzzle for glaciologists. The basal shear stress, which depends upon the weight of ice and the sine of the surface slope, is calculated to be very low—about 10 times smaller than values considered typical for glaciers.3 Thus, the driving force to move the lobe southward was very low. On the other hand, dating methods, mainly the carbon-14 method, imply that the DML moved southward at a rate of about 1,700 m/yr, which is a high velocity for a glacier. There is something wrong with either the inferred ice lobe reconstruction or the radiometric dates or both.
Since radiometric dates are held in high esteem, it is the lobe reconstruction that was challenged by a recent article on the DML by Thomas Hooyer and Neal Iverson.4 The authors stated that there are sources of error in past ice lobe reconstructions. They claimed that the ice at the edge of the bounding moraine of the DML might have been two to three times higher than previously estimated because the moraine could have been ice-cored.5 However, even an ice lobe 3 times thicker, with a greater southerly surface slope, is still not enough to drive the lobe southward at the velocity indicated by uniformitarian dating methods.6 Furthermore, evidence from existing ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland indicates that the marginal ice is fairly clean. It is mainly valley glaciers that have much debris, mixed with ice, at the margin. Thus, ice-cored moraines are not expected in the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
The authors also considered the effect of increased pore pressure in the underlying basal till,7 potentially increasing the speed. An increase in pore water pressure beneath the ice would decrease the friction (shear resistance), as a large portion of the overlying weight is carried by the water pressure.8 Over time, this excess pore pressure should dissipate and the clayey till would consolidate.9
However, consolidation measurements of tills in Iowa and Minnesota indicate that the pressure of the glacier on its bed was only about 12% to 30% of what they expected, based on their revised, thicker ice lobe. Such consolidation tests are consistent with previous measurements for the DML and similar to tests conducted for other glacial lobes that indicate thin ice at the margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet.6
The authors concluded that the weight of the glacier must have been buoyed up by a high pore-water pressure, which presumably dissipated before the till could consolidate. This seems highly unlikely, as full consolidation should occur within a few years, depending on the thickness of the clay layers. If the tills were not fully consolidated, then there should be a measurable variation of consolidation in the till layer, with portions closer to a drainage layer10 showing greater consolidation.
This reinterpretation of the DML morphology seems to be a speculative exercise, with little if any physical evidence to backup the revision. However, there is geomorphological evidence that the ice at the edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was quite thin. For instance, the height of hills that were never glaciated, from Montana, southern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan, reinforces the deduction of a thin ice sheet edge. These nunataks11 include the top 100 m of the western Cypress Hills of southeastern Alberta, Canada; the tops of the Sweetgrass Hills in north-central Montana, and the driftless area of the Wood Mountain Plateau of south-central Saskatchewan and the adjacent Flaxville Plateau in northeastern Montana.12
The Wood Mountain and Flaxville Plateaus are only about 100 m above the surrounding plains, indicating a limited ice thickness. The nunatak data matches the consolidation measurements and the morphological deductions based on the height of moraines (assuming no ice-core). The weight of evidence suggests that the lobes at the edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the north-central United States were thin. Given the limited weight of ice, and thus small lateral driving forces, the glaciers would not have moved a great distance from the north.
The data also indicate that the standard dating methods used in glacial reconstructions, especially carbon-14, are questionable. It is possible that, if the carbon-14 measurements are not contaminated or in error by some other mechanism, the inferred relatively fast glacial flow rate would be even faster in the creationist model, since carbon-14 dates can be telescoped to within the time of the Flood using different initial conditions.13 Much faster glacier flow rates at the periphery would support the idea of surges, as suggested below.
A thinner edge for the Laurentide Ice Sheet supports the creationist model of the Ice Age in which the ice sheets grew more or less in place.14 They did not have to move down from northern Canada.
The lobed nature of the ice margin probably indicates surges.15 A glacial surge is an increase in velocity of about 10 to 100 times the normal velocity.16 Surges are probably related to an increase in basal water, which would be more likely in a rapid climatic warming during the deglaciation phase of the post-Flood rapid Ice Age. A surge will produce a thinner margin, which may partially explain the inferred low marginal profiles. Thin ice sheet margins, coupled with the multidomed ice sheet model, now in vogue from evidence in central Canada, indicate that the ice volume would have been significantly less than the long-age estimates and in agreement with the rapid post-Flood Ice Age model.17
Long-age ice thicknesses and volumes are based mainly on the assumptions that the ice sheet moved down from northern Canada and had a profile similar to those in Antarctica. Both of these assumptions seem unreasonable.
References and notes
- Mathews, W.H., Surface profiles of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in its marginal areas, J. Glaciology 13(67):37–43, 1974. Return to text.
- Clark, P.U., Surface form of the southern Laurentide Ice Sheet and its implications to ice-sheet dynamics, Geological Society of America Bulletin 104:595–605, 1992. Return to text.
- Shear stress is the force parallel to a surface (in comparison to the normal stress, which acts perpendicular to the surface), such as the frictional force between a toboggan and a slope of snow. Return to text.
- Hooyer, T.S. and Iverson, N.L., Flow mechanism of the Des Moines lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, J. Glaciology 48(163):575–586, 2002. Return to text.
- After the ice inside the moraine melted, the height of the moraine would drop. Return to text.
- Hooyer, ref. 4, p. 578. Return to text.
- A till is a glacial deposit of unsorted material ranging from clay to boulders, and it typically has a very low permeability. Return to text.
- An analogy would be the air cushion created under a hovercraft. The weight of the ice, which drives the motion downslope, due to gravity, would remain the same. Return to text.
- Initially an increase in load applied to a low-permeability soil will be balanced by an increase in pore pressure. Over time, the excess water pressure will drain away and the load will be transferred to the interconnected soil particles, causing consolidation of the clay. The clays should be overconsolidated relative to the current vertical stress from the overlying weight of soil (i.e. without the weight of the glacier). Return to text.
- Higher-permeability material below the clayey till. Return to text.
- Hills or mountains that stick up above, and are completely surrounded by, ice, such as the Trans Antarctic Mountains, are called nunataks. Return to text.
- Mathews, ref. 1, p. 39. Return to text.
- Morris, J.D., The Young Earth, Master Books, Green Forest, pp. 64–67, 1994. Return to text.
- Oard, M.J., An Ice Age Caused by the Genesis Flood, Institute for Creation Research, El Cajon, 1990. Return to text.
- Horstemeyer, M.F. and Gullet, P., Will mechanics allow a rapid Ice Age following the Flood; in: Ivey, R.L. (Ed.), Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Creationism, Creation Science Fellowship, Pittsburgh, pp. 165–174, 2003. Return to text.
- Sugden, D.E. and John, B.S., Glaciers and Landscape—A Geomorphological Approach, Edward Arnold, London, pp. 50–53, 1976. Return to text.
- Oard, ref. 14, pp. 98–107. Return to text.


text:
Maternal exposure to stress during pregnancy is associated with significant alterations in offspring neurodevelopment and elevated maternal glucocorticoids likely play a central role in mediating these effects. Placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2) buffers the impact of maternal glucocorticoid exposure by converting cortisol/corticosterone into inactive metabolites. However, previous studies indicate that maternal adversity during the prenatal period can lead to a down-regulation of this enzyme. In the current study, we examined the impact of prenatal stress (chronic restraint stress during gestational days 14-20) in Long Evans rats on HSD11B2 mRNA in the placenta and fetal brain (E20) and assessed the role of epigenetic mechanisms in these stress-induced effects. In the placenta, prenatal stress was associated with a significant decrease in HSD11B2 mRNA, increased mRNA levels of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3a, and increased DNA methylation at specific CpG sites within the HSD11B2 gene promoter. Within the fetal hypothalamus, though we find no stress-induced effects on HSD11B2 mRNA levels, prenatal stress induced decreased CpG methylation within the HSD11B2 promoter and increased methylation at sites within exon 1. Within the fetal cortex, HSD11B2 mRNA and DNA methylation levels were not altered by prenatal stress, though we did find stress-induced elevations in DNMT1 mRNA in this brain region. Within individuals, we identified CpG sites within the HSD11B2 gene promoter and exon 1 at which DNA methylation levels were highly correlated between the placenta and fetal cortex. Overall, our findings implicate DNA methylation as a mechanism by which prenatal stress alters HSD11B2 gene expression. These findings highlight the tissue specificity of epigenetic effects, but also raise the intriguing possibility of using the epigenetic status of placenta to predict corresponding changes in the brain.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)


Functional Improvisation, 2017
by Terry Day and Marcus Coates
Performance at William Morris Museum, London
Commissioned by Create, London
Audience members were invited to bring to the performance a question they have struggled to answer for themselves. Using improvised percussion by Terry Day and movement and vocalisation by Marcus Coates, they worked together to create a combined language that aimed to respond pragmatically to these questions. Their use of improvised performance as a socially functional tool is an attempt to employ their disciplines as complex and purposeful modes of expression. The forms of performance that they inhabit offers them a route to non-conscious understanding through physical activity and play, a method that expands the possibilities of creative thinking, bringing thought into the realm of movement and sound making. Their aim is to work for the audience, to create performances that are insightful, offering new reflections on the questions and possible answers.
Questions included:
Why is the world so angry?
What is good enough?
How do we find certainty, or do we?
Should art always be actively challenging?


Your position:Home > News
Baking-free brick machine investment is booming in China
Baking-free brick machine, be capable of producing the products divided into baking-free brick, hollow brick, standard brick or block is widely used in new type wall buildings. Baking-free brick features cannot be achieved by any other wall bricks in that baking-free brick uses reasonable scientific formula and join into coagulate agent and trace chemical additive according to certain proportion. As a result, the degree of granularity, moisture mixed with reasonable reinforcement processing equipment technology bring the best plastic state after the high pressure molding and rapid hardening make brick.The longer, the better the results will be.
Compared with the traditional red brick, baking-free brick has many advantages as follows:
1. The recycling, saving soil, energy saving
2. The source of raw materials is extremely broad
3. To protect environment—environmental friendly
4. High strength weathering resistance, corrosion resistance and freeze resistance is not afraid of water
Baking-free brick without natural maintenance will greatly improve the work efficiency and increase our output so as to raise our profit, which makes baking-free brick machine more prevailing in different building site.
SKYPE: kevinlee02
QQ: 81573401
Tel: 0086-371-87091886
Design & Development by sinoart


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Is it possible to find $n\times n$ matrices $M,N$ such that $(MN)^n=0$ but $(NM)^n\ne 0$?
I can see that $(MN)^n=0\implies (NM)^{n+1}= 0$ by associativity. But I don't see that it is necessarily true for $(NM)^n$.
I can also see that $MN=0\not\implies NM=0$ but I cannot find an example for $(MN)^n=0$ but $(NM)^n\ne 0$.
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 12 down vote accepted
No. As it turns out, $MN$ and $NM$ must have the same nonzero eigenvalues (although the multiplicities need not agree), so if $(MN)^n = 0$ then $MN$ has only zero eigenvalues, so the same must be true of $NM$, which must therefore have characteristic polynomial $t^n$.
One elegant proof uses the following lemma: in any ring, $1 - xy$ is invertible if and only if $1 - yx$ is invertible. Now use the fact that $\lambda$ is a nonzero eigenvalue of $MN$ if and only if $1 - \frac{MN}{\lambda}$ is not invertible.
Another proof proceeds as follows: let $M, N$ have entries $m_{ij}, n_{ij}$ which are formal variables in a polynomial ring $R = \mathbb{Z}[m_{ij}, n_{ij}]$. Observe that $$\det(Nt - NMN) = \det(N) \det(t - MN) = \det(t - NM) \det(N).$$
Since $R$ is an integral domain, we conclude that $$\det(t - MN) = \det(t - NM)$$
as polynomials in $R$. So in fact $MN$ and $NM$ must have the same characteristic polynomial. (Note, however, that the first proof is much more general; among other things, it remains valid in infinitely many dimensions.)
share|improve this answer
+1, Nice answer! – wxu May 21 '12 at 14:18
On the other hand it is possible for smaller exponents than $n$ the size of the matrices, e.g. $MN$ might be zero while not $NM$. – hardmath May 21 '12 at 20:26
_USER_: yes, the OP mentions this so I assume he is already aware. – Qiaochu Yuan May 21 '12 at 20:28
See also here on the proof of $\ $ Sylvester's identity $\rm\ \ det(1+AB) = det(1+BA)\ $ that proceeds by taking $\rm\ det\ $ of $\rm\ (1+A\ B)\ A\ =\ A\ (1+B\ A)\ $ then universally (generically) cancelling $\rm\ det(A)\:,\ $ and see here for more examples of such universal proofs. – Bill Dubuque May 23 '12 at 22:13
See here for much more on $\rm\:1-xy\:$ invertible iff $\rm\:1-yx\:$ invertible, in particular Halmos' tantalizing problem to "explain" the very slick power series proof. – Bill Dubuque May 23 '12 at 22:19
You can combine your observation that $(MN)^n=0\implies (NM)^{n+1}=0$ with the result of this other question, showing that $(NM)^{n+1}=0\implies (NM)^n=0$.
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Here's another proof of the fact which works over any field $F$ of characteristic $0$, where the following lemma applies:
Lemma. Let $u$ be an endomorphism of a finite dimensional $F$-vector space $V$. Then $u$ is nilpotent iff for all $k=1,\dots,n=\dim V$, $\mathrm{Tr}(u^k)=0$.
Suppose $M,N$ are $n\times n$ matrices with coefficients in a field of characteristic $0$ such that their product is nilpotent, i.e. $(MN)^n=0$. For any $k\geq 1$ $$0=\mathrm{Tr}((MN)^k)=\mathrm{Tr}((MN)^{k-1}MN)=\mathrm{Tr}(N(MN)^{k-1}M)=\mathrm{Tr}((NM)^k)$$ The lemma then implies that $NM$ is nilpotent aswell.
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The National History Bee is a buzzer-based history quiz competition for individual students. Please see below for a comprehensive account of how the Bee works. If you have any further questions, please email our International Director, Mrs. Nolwenn Léon Madden
In order to compete in the History Bee, you must be 18 years or younger at the time of your Regional Bee. If you turn 19 before the National Championships, that's okay. You must also be enrolled in a high school or younger school or a comparable secondary school that corresponds to an American high school in terms of the age range served (i.e. no schools that are comparable to universities).
In order to compete in the Junior Varsity Division of the History Bee, you must be 16 years or younger at the time of the Regional Bee. If you are in an American high school, or an institution that follows a comparable age division, you cannot be in the upper two years (i.e. above tenth grade) even if you are 16 or younger. If in doubt, ask the Tournament Coordinator or Tournament Director for your tournament, or better yet, contact the Tournament Coordinator in advance.
There is no younger age limit – a brilliant and well-behaved 8 year-old is welcome to compete. Likewise, there is no limit on types of schools – local, international, public, private, religious, American schools abroad, etc. are all welcome. Students from the 50 US states may compete if they have not competed yet this year, but then forfeit their eligibility for any other tournaments in the USA.
Students are only allowed to compete at one Regional Bee in Asia this year.
At all History Bees, there are three preliminary rounds of 30 questions each. In each round, you'll be in a room with 5-10 students. Usually, it's 6 or 7. Depending on how many students are competing (see below under "Final Round Structure" for a full explanation) the 2, 5, or 10 highest scorers from the preliminary rounds in both the Varsity division and the Junior Varsity division, then compete in the final rounds. The Junior Varsity and Varsity divisions are kept entirely separate – there is no crossover, including in the final rounds. Each round takes about 20-30 minutes to complete, including the finals.
In a History Bee round, we feature thirty tossup questions. Students each have a buzzer and attempt to be the first student to ring in and answer correctly. Students may ring in at any point in the question – they are encouraged to interrupt the moderator to do so. After they ring in, they give their answer. If they are correct, they get a point. If incorrect, they cannot buzz again on the question. Three incorrect answers given will end the question, at which point the moderator reveals the answer. They do not normally lose a point if they are incorrect except if they are the third student to answer incorrectly before the end of the question, in which case, they do lose a point (so it is possible, conceivably to have a negative score). If the question has been read to completion, three incorrect answers will still end the question, but no penalty will be assessed.
Once a student has reached 8 points, that student is done for that round. But, students receive bonus points based on how early they reach 8 points. The following table summarizes the bonus structure:
Reaching 8 pts on or before question… Results in this many bonus pts… And thus this many total pts…
Twelve Five Thirteen
Fifteen Four Twelve
Twenty Three Eleven
Twenty-Five Two Ten
Thirty One Nine
Since there are 30 questions in a round, it is thus impossible to finish the round with a score of eight points exactly.
Students are grouped into different groups for each of the three rounds. For the 2012-2013 school year, questions can reference all eras and places in history throughout each round. After all three rounds, the scores from all rounds are added up, and the top students advance to the finals.
Final Round Structure
In the final round, the top two, five or ten students in both the Varsity and Junior Varsity Divisions all compete at once. If starting with ten, they seek to then be among the first five students to reach three points. Then, the scores reset to zero, and the five remaining students seek to be among the first two students to reach four points. Finally, the scores reset to zero again, and the remaining two students seek to be the first to reach five points. Whether we take two, five, or ten students into the finals will be announced at the start of the Bee – it depends on how many teams attend, and how many students compete in each division. A field needs at least 12 students to take the top five into the final, and a field needs at least 25 students to take the top 10 into the final. If both the Varsity and Junior Varsity Divisions have over 25 competing students, we will take ten from the Varsity division and five from the Junior Varsity.
In the History Bowl, there are a number of different question styles. In the Bee, by contrast, all questions are "pyramidal" tossups, where we start with more obscure information and move to more familiar information. Questions cover the history of the arts, sciences, religion, philosophy, languages, historical geography, recent history and the history of sports and entertainment in addition to the usual social, political, and military history. In the final rounds, the questions are, on average, slightly longer and more difficult. Here are a few examples of preliminary and finals questions:
Sample Preliminary Questions
The northern tip of this island was home to this nation's Jaffna kingdom, which ruled at the same time as other empires on this modern country like the Kotte Kingdom and the Kandy Kingdom. For the point, name this Asian island nation, the site of the Tamil Tigers separatist movement, which was once known as Ceylon.
ANSWER: Sri Lanka [or Ceylon before mentioned]
It was announced in a graduation speech given at Harvard University and designed in part by William Clayton, George Kennan, and a Secretary of State. For the point, name this American economic plan that intended to halt the spread of Communism by providing financial support to European nations, which was conducted under Harry S. Truman.
ANSWER: Marshall Plan or European Recovery Plan or ERP
Sample Finals Questions
This leader's accomplishments include putting down Nayan's rebellion and installing Wonjong as the ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. Three times, he attempted to invade Vietnam along with his brother Mongke, and his two attempts to invade Japan were both cut short by severe typhoons known as kamikaze. He employed Marco Polo and his father as ambassadors. For 10 points, name this founder of the Yuan Dynasty, a grandson of Genghis Khan.
ANSWER: Kublai Khan
This navy sent an expedition to Mexico on the San Buena Ventura, a ship built by William Adams. This navy was instructed to only allow passage to ships abiding by the Red Seal system. This navy was crushed by Admiral Yi Sun-sin and his turtle ships during an abortive invasion of Korea. For 10 points, name this navy that was led by Admiral Yamamoto during World War II.
ANSWER: Japanese Navy [accept Tokogawa navy until "Yamamoto"]
Resources for Training
Our complete resources guide and study guide for our Asian Division will be posted here by late October. In the meantime, email _EMAIL_ if you would like copies sent to you when it is ready.
Please also see NAQT's (National Academic Quiz Tournaments) "You gotta know" pages and the ACE Quiz Bowl Camps study guides, as well as the History Channel's Ultimate History Quiz.
A sample Bee packet for our Asian tournaments can be downloaded here Please also see _URL_ (though this has a heavy American emphasis and references all subjects) and our National Championship questions from 2011 in the USA. Please note that the questions you'll find here are considerably more difficult and American history-focused than the questions we intend on using in Asia.


N – The Madness of Reason @ RIDM
n the madness of reason2A film that is part of the RIDM's International Feature Competition is a Dutch, German and Belgian co-production by director Peter Krüger that in a very non-traditional and aesthetic way tells the tale of Raymond Borremans. In a film that is part magical and totally mystical you see how Borremans could be attempting to finish his life's work from beyond the grave.
On the 1st of January 1929 Frenchman Raymond Borremans boarded a ship headed for Africa. He was attempting to escape the rage and violence of Europe. An obsessive collector butterflies, which he painstakingly catalogued, and knowledge it was in his travels across this huge continent that he discovered his passion. Borremans decided he was going to write the Africa's first encyclopedia. Unfortunately when he died in 1988 and the age of 82 he had only got up to the letter N. It is said that his unhappy ghost now haunts Cote D'Ivoire attempting to finish his work.
His Borremans' Foundation Library is now just a dusty and abandoned building. His books, typewriter, index cards, butterflies have all disappeared since his death. Only his loyal employee remains and visits his gravesite to keep things tidy. Borremans believed in learning and education. In the north of Cote D'Ivoire there is a lot of illiteracy. Kids are not able to go to school as they have to work at home taking care of crops or animals. Borremans gave books to young children and encouraged them to go to school.
This is in no way a straightforward documentary in that it combines actual people with fictional characters to muse upon the life of Borremans and the belief that his spirit continues to roam around trying to get the encyclopedia finished. Through the images and the narrator's words (which are supposedly coming from Borremans' spirit) you really get a sense of what an obsession writing this encyclopedia was for the man. It truly was akin to a madness as it took up all of his energy and every waking moment.
Another "character" in the documentary is an African woman (Wendyam Sawadogo) who helps restless spirits to find peace. She is acting as a conduit to help Borremans pass on to the next life. He argues with her that he must finish the encyclopedia because if he doesn't it will be as if he never lived. Wisely she retorts that when he stops defining things he will see the world as it is.
Several issues that are particular to Cote D'Ivoire and Africa as a whole are touched upon. Issues like colonialism, civil war, poverty, and education make up the subplots of the film. The difference between the Africa that Borremans arrived to find and its difference to the one that existed when he died is examined. He left Europe due to the violence and it astounded him that towards the end it had come to Africa. Factions fighting for control. Countries fighting over boarders. Bodies began piling up.
Narration is done by French actor Michael Lonsdale with the text being written by well-known Nigerian author, Ben Okri, who used the biography of Borremans as his source material. Okri has won a Booker Prize. Visually and musically this film is something specially. You are treated to eye catching due to their sharp colours and interesting subjects of shots like a caterpillar crawling along a rusting railing, a man in all white playing guitar and singing, and a butterfly on a bed of brown leaves.
Watching the film is like engaging in a spiritual journey through Africa. We hear of the life and regrets of Raymond Borremans. As the film goes on (102 minutes) you begin to realize that Borremans did not leave a legacy with his work rather there are traces of him and his influence to be found in the people of Cote D'Ivoire who knew him. That is where his spirit continues.
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bussos: byssus (a species of flax), also (the) linen (made from it)Original Word: βύσσος, ου, ἡ
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Phonetic Spelling: (boos'-sos)
Short Definition: fine linen, cotton
Definition: fine linen, cotton.
Cognate: 1040 býssos – fine linen, i.e. a very expensive (sought-after) form of linen – "a specific species of Egyptian flax or linen made from it that is very costly, delicate" (J. Thayer). See 1039 (byssinos). Word Origin
of Hebrew origin buts
byssus (a species of flax), also (the) linen (made from it)
fine linen (1).
STRONGS NT 1040: βύσσος
βύσσος, βύσσου, ἡ (Vanicek, Fremdwörter, under the word), byssus, a species of Egyptian flax (found also in India and Achaia) — or linen made from it — very costly, delicate, soft, white, and also of a yellow color (see respecting it Pollux, onomast. 50:7 c. 17 § 75): Luke 16:19; Revelation 18:12 Rec. (In the Sept. generally for שֵׁשׁ, also בּוּץ, cf. 1 Chronicles 15:27; 2 Chronicles 5:12; cf. Winers RWB under the word Baumwolle; (BB. DD., see under the words, and ). Josephus, Antiquities 3, 6, 1f; 3, 7, 2; Philostr. vit. Apoll. 2, 20 (p. 71, Olear. edition); on the flax of Achaia growing about Elis, cf. Pausanias, 5, 5, 2; 7, 21, 7.)<1>
Of Hebrew origin (buwts); white linen -- fine linen.
see HEBREW buwts βυούσης βυσσον βύσσον βύσσος βύσσου βύσσω βώλακας βώλους busson bysson býsson
Strong's Greek 1040
βύσσον — 1 Occ.
Luke 16:19 N-AFS
BIB: πορφύραν καὶ βύσσον εὐφραινόμενος καθ'
NAS: in purple and fine linen, joyously living
KJV: and fine linen, and fared
INT: purple and fine linen making good cheer every


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Resources for Preemption Checks
One of the first steps to writing an article is to check to see whether there are any new materials that may change or affect the content of the article.
A preemption check is "conducted to determine whether there is new law or a prior publication (whether by student author or expert) that renders an article moot." See Scholarly Writing for Law Students, pages 22 & 154 _USER_.F34 2005 Reserve.
The library offers this guide to help you in your search. Be sure to check through all the databases in this guide, as they each offer varying coverage.
If you have any questions, please contact a reference librarian.
Preemption Checks in Pre-printed Sources
There is no consensus on the preemptive nature of conference papers and pre-prints. We recommend that you search papers and pre-prints so that you know what materials are out there. We also recommend that you consult with your faculty or journal advisor on this matter.
In the legal arena, there are two main working paper repositories: the Social Science Research Network's Legal Scholarship Network and the Bepress Legal Repository. Both websites offer searchable archives of working papers.
Additionally, you may want to examine Google Scholar and the University Law Review Project.


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In the Congressional Record Reid honors the 60th Anniversary of N2S2
January 28, 2011
Washington, D.C. – Nevada Senator Harry Reid recognized the 60th anniversary of the recently renamed Nevada Test Site. Now known as the Nevada National Security Site (N2S2), the site has played a vital role in national security.
"Since 1951 the Nevada National Security Site and the Nevadans that work there have been the on the front line of our national security," said Reid. "At its inception N2S2 was the most important proving ground for nuclear weapons and today it is the nation's designated proving ground for solar energy technology. N2S2 is well on its way to becoming a center of nation security preparedness and innovation in clean energy."
Throughout its history Reid has actively ensured that the site received the federal funding necessary for nuclear weapons research. Reid also fought for compensation for test site workers who were affected by radiation sickness and other illnesses they had gotten during their work with nuclear material. For nearly a decade Reid worked against bureaucratic roadblocks to establish a special medical compensation cohort for affected test site workers. More recently N2S2 has taken on new roles in detecting dangerous weapons, treaty verification, fighting terrorism and nuclear smuggling, and training first responders. Additionally, 17,000 acres of the site are now a solar energy demonstration zone where the most groundbreaking solar technologies are being developed and tests.
Below is a copy of the record statement:
60th Anniversary of the Nevada National Security Site
Mr. REID. Mr. President, I rise today to recognize the 60th Anniversary of the Nevada National Security Site (N2S2). The Nevada National Security Site, formerly known as the Nevada Test Site, has played an important role in keeping our nation safe and will continue to do so as we face new security challenges.
On January 27, 1951, a half kiloton nuclear weapon called "Able" was dropped on N2S2, launching a 40-year era. In that instant, N2S2 became the nation's most important nuclear weapons proving grounds. I am thankful for the work done by the men and women at the site who dedicated their careers and sacrificed their health to keeping America safe. Nearly 20 years after our nation's last nuclear test, I am proud to say that N2S2 is still helping secure America with a new mission tailored to 21st century threats and making us energy independent.
928 atmospheric and underground tests were performed at the N2S2 before the United States established a moratorium on nuclear weapons testing in 1992. The vast majority of testing in this period took place underground, in a network of tunnels and shafts. Even though these tunnels were designed to contain radiation from the explosions, thousands of N2S2 workers still experienced radiation exposure from most of the underground detonations.
In 2000, after a number of my colleagues and I had begun to hear disturbing stories about illnesses they had gotten from their nuclear weapons work and their inability to get any financial compensation from the government, we passed the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Act. This legislation was designed to allow thousands of America's Cold War veterans receive compensation that would help pay their medical bills and honor the sacrifices they and their families had made for our country.
Unfortunately, it soon became clear that even with this new law, it would not be easy for many workers to get the compensation they deserved. In 2005, I began to hear from workers and survivors complaining that they were being put through an endless stream of bureaucratic red tape only to be denied in the end. I was enraged that these workers were denied compensation, so I worked for the next five years before successfully securing automatic compensation for most of Nevada's Cold War veterans and their families.
On August 23, 2010 I joined Tom D'Agostino, the administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration, and officials from the State Department, Department of Homeland Security, and Department of Defense to recognize the continued importance of one of our nation's vital national security sites. We established not only a new name, but a new mission for N2S2. Changing the site's name from the Nevada Test Site to Nevada National Security Site reflects the unique opportunities to use the site for detecting dangerous weapons, treaty verification, fighting terrorism and nuclear smuggling, and training first responders.
The Nevada National Security Site is the ideal laboratory for this work. It's uniquely secure, and close to Nevadans who are eager to get back to work as soon as they can find a good job. And it already has a workforce of 3,000 men and women dedicated to serving their country.
The Nevada National Security Site is not only breaking ground on new ways to keep us safe from weapons; it is also breaking ground on developing clean energy technologies that will make us energy independent. The former nuclear weapons proving ground will soon be a proving ground for concentrating solar energy technologies. Last August, I joined Energy Secretary Chu and Interior Secretary Salazar to designate a 17,000 acre portion of N2S2 as the nation's solar demonstration zone for testing the most innovative and promising solar technologies in an area with almost perpetual sun shine.
When Nevadans and all Americans look at the Nevada National Security Site, they will see opportunities reflecting the core values of innovation, leadership and security. I ask all my colleagues to join with me and the people of Nevada in recognizing the Nevada National Security Site's 60th Anniversary, its rich history and bright future.


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Any one has any suggestion how to generate a TAB delimited file.
try using the sql worksheet:
select '234'||chr(9)||'234' from dual;
you'll get a tab-delimited section. just cut & paste.
It is better to ask and appear ignorant, than to remain silent and remain ignorant.
Oracle OCP DBA 9i,
C++, Java developer
That is right. CHR() is a function will return the charactor with the ascii value of integer. U can add char(10) just after the "TAB" character to indicate the new line.
go to [url]_URL_
to see all the ascii table.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
My supposition is that within the distance of the so called frost line around a star, water in empty space sublimates, evaporates. I further suppose that this means that vaporized water is pushed to outside the frost line by solar wind or some other mechanism. (Please correct me if this is wrong)
But there are some ways for water (not necessarily liquid) to exist within the frost line. I wonder under what conditions that is possible. What the origin or history such water can have. And how common or likely it is.
I suggest some possibilities to be extended, elaborated or refuted:
 - Water under enough atmospheric pressure to keep it from escaping into space.
 - Water in cold shadow, as in some craters on the lunar poles.
 - Water inside rock, as in the mantle of the Earth (and other planets?)
 - Water ice transported by comets across the frost line.
 - Water vapor hanging around in empty inner inter-planetary space, for example after a planetary collision which melts most matter into a cloud. Or maybe permanently.
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1 Answer 1
When you talk about the frost line you are talking about a protostar, and its protoplanetary disk, not an actual star. So, there is no empty space nor strong solar winds.
Inside the frost line, water does not condense into ice grains, but the individual molecules could as well become attracted by the planets-to-be.
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Don't T Tauri stars have strong stellar winds? – HDE 226868 Jan 4 at 19:43
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Tuesday, July 2, 2013
 I have been thinking about a question I often hear from audience members at my talks. Usually the person asking is grappling with the question of whether to include a scandal or crime in their family story collection, but this question pertains to all family historians: whose story is it to tell?
 If a story or fact is about you, do you "own" it? Not in a legal or possessive sense, but in a sort of ethical or righteous sense? For example, in the movie The Stories We Tell, the director, Sarah Polley, asked her father not to publish a book about Polley's mother and the story of Polley's birth. Ms. Polley wanted to present "her" story herself. Was this story Polley's very own, not for anyone else to tell?
 In another example, two family historians recently asked me about the same problem: lateral ancestors who had children born outside of a marriage. Both were asked by cousins, who were direct descendants of the ancestors in question, not to include the information in the genealogy report that would be distributed to the extended family members. Apart from questions of harm and hurt, do those direct descendants "own" that part of the tree? Again, I am not speaking in a legal or copyright sense.
 But don't we all feel a sense of ownership regarding certain family stories or facets of family history?


In recent decades, religious figures from Archbishop Desmond Tutu and Pope John Paul II to theologians and faith-motivated political activists worldwide have promoted the concept of reconciliation as a way to help people and societies emerge from civil war, genocide, and dictatorship. The idea has shaped the politics of countries from South Africa and Guatemala to Timor-Leste and Iraq.
Daniel Philpott, associate professor of political science and peace studies, directs a research program that explores reconciliation as a concept of justice and peace and as a promising tool of peacebuilding. The program's first major effort is a joint scholarly project with Jennifer Llewellyn, associate professor at Dalhousie University Law School, to develop restorative justice and reconciliation as concepts of peacebuilding and to explore their meaning for practices like forgiveness, amnesty, truth telling, and reparations.


Treatment Settings
Treatments can be delivered in different settings depending on the stage of illness and the level of intervention intensity required. Wherever possible, treatment will be provided in the community setting where the person can be supported by friends and family.
In-patient – the person is admitted to the hospital or private treatment centre for 24-hr nursing care. This may be in a specialised eating disorder treatment facility, in a general hospital, in an emergency department or in a mental health unit. Depending on the type of facility and the age of the person, the nurses will be paediatric nurses, general medical nurses or mental health nurses.
Inpatient treatment is designed for people who are severely unwell and generally focuses on medical stabilisation, improving nutrition and weight restoration. If the person is in a specialist eating disorder facility or a mental health unit, psychological therapy will also be available. This will be provided by mental health nurses, psychiatrists and allied health staff. In generalist settings, psychological support might also be available if the service utilises consultation-liaison mental health nurses and other staff.
Out-patient – the person is seen in an outpatient clinic for ongoing care, but does not stay in hospital. They may be seen by a team of different health professionals or one particular type of health professional, while maintaining other responsibilities, such as school or work.
Day program – often seen as a bridge between an inpatient admission and outpatient treatment, day programs provide treatment over the course of a day, for several days per week. Treatment involves support with meals and ongoing therapy, while the individual continues to live at home.