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Tuesday, May 11, 2010
LINDSAY SELBY: The Jersey Devil
The Jersey Devil, sometimes called the Leeds Devil, is a creature said to live in the Pine Barrens in southern New Jersey. The creature is often described as a flying biped with hooves. The story of its exist has been around for over 260 years. There are apparently over 2,000 eyewitnesses reports and its sighting has been responsible for the closing of schools and factories at times when it was at its peak.
The origin of the creature lies in a legend concerning a Mrs Jane Leeds who came from a poor family in the Pine Barrens of Jersey. In 1735 she was pregnant with her 13th child and she said to friends and relatives that the "Devil can take the next one", and supposedly he did. When the baby was born it was said to be a deformed monster. It supposedly grew to more than 20 feet long, with a reptilian body, a horse's head, bat wings and a long, forked tail. It then escaped up the chimney (or out of a window depending on the version of the tale) and began haunting the Pine Barrens. Some said Mrs Leeds was a witch and the father of the child was the devil. Another legend says a young girl fell in love with a British soldier during the Revolutionary War and the people of Leeds Point cursed the girl. When she gave birth to a child it looked like the devil. In 1740 a priest was brought in to exorcise the devil from the area and for years it was not seen.
Alfred Heston, the local historian for the area, believes that the Jersey Devil could have been born to either the Leeds or the Shrouds families. Mr Heston discovered that a Daniel Leeds had land in Great Egg Harbour in 1699 and the family home was in Leeds Point.
Sightings of the devil started again when it was seen in the 1800s.
Joseph Bonaparte, former king of Spain and brother of the famous Napoleon Bonaparte, reported seeing the Jersey Devil in Bordentown between 1816 and 1839 when out hunting.
In the 1840s a strange creature with a piercing scream and odd hoof-like footprints was reported to be killing livestock in the area around the Pine Barrens.
On January 16th 1909 it was seen by many people:
Thack Cozzens of Woodbury reported seeing a flying creature with glowing eyes. John Mcowen heard and saw the creature on the banks of a canal. Policeman James Sackville fired on a strange creature as it flew away. E. W. Minister, Postmaster for Bristol, also reported seeing a bird-like creature with a horse head and a piercing scream. Mr and Mrs Nelson Evans of Gloucester were awakened by a strange noise and on looking out of the window, Mr Nelson watched what he claimed was the Jersey Devil for 10 minutes.
On January 19th 1909 a Burlington police officer and the Reverend John Pursell of Pemberton reported seeing the Jersey Devil. Reverend John Pursell was quoted as saying "Never saw anything like it before."
On January 20th 1909 it was seen by members of by the Black Hawk Social Club and also seen by a trolley full of people in Clementon. Mrs Sorbinski of Camden heard a commotion in her back yard. Upon inspection, she discovered the Jersey Devil with her dog in its grasp. Mrs Sorbinski beat the Jersey Devil with a broom until it dropped her dog and flew off into the night.
Then on January 21st 1909 Camden police officer Louis Strehr witnessed the Jersey Devil drinking from his horse's trough.
The next documented sighting was in 1927 when a cab driver on his way to Salem got flat tyre and whilst he was fixing it, an upright-standing creature landed on the roof of his cab. The creature shook the cab violently and the cab driver ran away. When he returned it had gone.
In August 1930 berry pickers at Leeds Point and Mays Landing reported seeing the Devil in the fields eating blueberries and cranberries. It was reported again two weeks later in the north.
In November 1951 a group of children were allegedly cornered by the Devil at the Duport Clubhouse in Gibbstown. The creature left without causing any harm.
In 1960 a group of people near Mays Landing were scared by strange cries and screams. State officials tried to calm the nervous residents but no explanation could be found for the strange sounds. Harry Hunt, who owned the Hunt Brothers Circus, offered $100,000 for the capture of the creature.
In 1961 a couple were parked up along a road in the Pine Barrens when they heard a loud screeching noise outside. Suddenly the roof of their car smashed and the screeching sound was now right on top of them. The couple fled but later said when they returned they saw an unknown creature flying along the treeline making the same screeching noise.
In 1966 the Jersey Devil was blamed for the death of 31 ducks, 3 geese, 4 cats and two dogs at a local farm. One of the dogs was a large German shepherd found with its throat ripped out.
In 1987 in Vinland, another German shepherd was found torn apart and the body apparently gnawed upon. The body was located 25 feet from where the dog was chained up. Around the body were strange tracks.
In 1993 a forest ranger named John Irwin was driving along the Mullica River in southern New Jersey. He found the road ahead of him blocked by what looked like the Jersey Devil. He described it as being about six feet tall with horns and matted black fur. Irwin stated that he and the creature stared at one another for several minutes before the monster finally turned and ran into the forest.
More recently, in 2004 on a snowy winter night the Winkelmann children were playing outside when they were scared by a creature and headed indoors. Later that night Mrs Winkelmann and her 11-year-old son headed outside to unplug Christmas lights and they noticed a two-legged winged creature in the trees above. The woman and her child ran back to the house as the creature landed on their roof. For the rest of the night the entire family stayed safely locked inside the house. The next morning when they went outside they noticed footprints on the roof and took pictures as evidence to prove the story was real.
This site: _URL_ claims to be official jersey devil hunters site includes reports of sightings up to 2003.
So myth, reality or mistaken identity? It has certainly been around a long time.
Dale Drinnon said...
The situation is (as noted in a review article published in PURSUIT) that ANYTHING unknown and seen in New Jersey is reported as "The Jersey Devil", and that includes reports that would otherwise sound like pumas, bears or Bigfoot.
I did a comparison of the reports following Ivan Sanderson's statement that he thought the reports of a sort of Thunderbird (which he may have heard but not seen while living in New Jersey, but that may have been a very large owl instead)and I found that by cutting out PARTS of the majority of reports and pasting them together, you can make a fairly good composite of a large condor-like bird. That hinges on the "PARTS" part-you will have to be throwing away other parts of nearly all the sightings to make them fit the pattern. So I concluded, "The composite does indeed sound like the type of bird Sanderson suggested: but if these Jersey Devil sightings are describing that type of bird, then the statement must be made that most of the reports are very very bad reports."
Donnie said...
If it is indeed known that an exorcism was performed around 1740, that would precede and therefore exclude the revolutionary war myth. Doesn't in any way confirm the 13th child myth. I'm just curious how long these sightings have been reported, maybe American Indian folklore....? I can see where anything out of the ordinary today could easily be attributed to the Jersey Devil with the notoriety of the creature. Very fascinating subject!


text:
Lea County, New MexicoEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
Revision as of 03:20, 28 February 2013 by Mmsabey
|Lea County, New Mexico|
Location of New Mexico in the U.S.
|Founded||March 7, 1917|
|Address|| [ Lea County Courthouse]|
100 N Main Avenue
PO Box 4C;
Lovington, NM 88260
_URL_ County Website]
- Up until 1821 - New Spain controlled land that later would become New Mexico and Arizona. Some records of early settlers may have been sent to an archives in Seville, Spain, or to archives in Mexico City.
- From 1821 until 1846 - Mexico had jurisdiction over the land that later would become New Mexico and Arizona. Some records of this period may have been sent to archives in Mexico City. Starting in 1846 United States forces occupied New Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
- 1848 - Land that became Lea County formally became a part of the United States when the Mexican-American War ended with ratification of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
- Andrews County, Texas
- Cochran County, Texas
- Gaines County, Texas
- Loving County, Texas
- Winkler County, Texas
- Yoakum County, Texas
For tips on accessing Lea County, New Mexico census records online, see: New Mexico Census.
Societies and Libraries
Family History Centers
- Introduction to LDS Family History Centers
- Hobbs New Mexico Family History Center
- Hobbs, New Mexico.
- USGenWeb project. May have maps, name indexes, history or other information for this county. Select the state, then the county.
- Family History Library Catalog
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper, Utah: Everton Pub., 2002), Lea County, New Mexico page 474, At various libraries (WorldCat); FHL Book 973 D27e 2002.
|This New Mexico-related article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.
While this page is under construction, may we suggest Cyndi's List.
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In the FamilySearch Research Wiki, you can learn how to do genealogical research or share your knowledge with others.Learn More

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
High Performance Leadership of the Elephant
High Performance Leadership of the matriarch is all-important. High Performance Leadership means that the matriarch, the oldest and most experienced elephant, indicates direction, 'coaches' the herd towards a new goal, monitors the solidarity of the herd and leads strongly by example.
What are the characteristics of this High Performance Leadership behavior?
The matriarch always acts in the interest of the group, is in the lead to protect the herd, is result-oriented, decisive and establishes a clear framework. For instance, the matriarch indicates when and where the herd will stop to drink or sleep, and when they will continue walking. This is HPO (High Performance Organization) behavior that serves to protect the next generation.
In short: A successful High Performance leader builds relationships of trust by combining honest and coaching leadership with strong role-model behavior, fast decision-making (also regarding non-performers) and result orientation, all of which is based on a long-term vision.
For more information about the HPO Framework, HPO Diagnosis, our lecturers, HPO Experts, workshops and Master Classes, please contact us (_EMAIL_ or T. +31 (0) 35 – 603 70 07).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Introduction: Easy Card Trick
If you want to explore magic and need a basic trick to amaze your friends, a simple mind reading trick will do. I will go through the steps to help you understand the trick.
Step 1: Preparing the Trick
To start, take the deck and cut it, with half in each hand. Then causally glance at the bottom card of the deck in your right hand. This is your "key card." Make sure you know what it is.
Step 2: Prepping the Cards
Once you have done that, have a friend pick a card from your left hand and memorize it. Have him/her put it on the top of the left hand deck. Put the right hand deck on top of the left one, making sure the the "key card" is directly above your friends card.
Step 3: Finish the Trick and Amaze Your Friend
Flip the deck face up and begin looking through it. When you see the key card stop. The card right before the key card is your friends card. Reveal it and show it to your friend. He or she will be amazed!


text: Hey Emma, Jeff here ok here's my two cents. Now I've noticed that you like to use hard edges which is great but the lines you use to depict the contour of the face and body aren't there. Things seem to be shapes attached to other shapes and don't give me the sense of how it's constructed. I personally like to start with a sphere when drawing the head and then work out words and sculpt the form. with hard edges though they tend to lose their excitement if it's over used. So I might try to put in some soft shapes to help accentuate them.


text:
Rural Children More Likely Living in Cohabiting Households
By Beth Potier, Media Relations
July 8, 2009
As cohabiting – opposite-sex unmarried partners living together in households – increases nationwide, new data show that the growing rate of children in cohabiting households is most pronounced in rural areas. A new brief from the Carsey Institute at UNH analyzes recent U.S. Census Bureau data to explore trends and patterns among children in cohabiting households in rural America.
The brief finds that the share of rural children living in cohabiting households has nearly doubled since 2000, from four to seven percent. During the same period, the share of urban children living in cohabiting households rose only slightly, from three to four percent. This pattern runs counter to the normal flow of social trends, which start in urban areas then spread to rural areas.
"We think that growing economic stress in rural America is in part driving this rapid increase of cohabiting in rural households," says report author William O'Hare, a Carsey Institute policy fellow and senior fellow at the Annie E. Casey Foundation. "The jump in the share of rural children living in cohabiting households has occurred since 2000, when economic conditions in rural America began to deteriorate."
O'Hare and his co-authors - Wendy Manning, Meredith Porter and Heidi Lyons -- state that for single rural women with children, joining a household with a man may be an economic survival strategy. While cohabiting families have poverty rates double those of married-couple households, they are less than half those for single-mother households.
Among the additional findings of the policy brief:
- The number of children living with cohabiting parents has increased more rapidly than any other family form during the past decade.
- The poverty rate for rural children in cohabiting households is 21 percent, compared to only 15 percent in cohabiting urban households.
- Relative to their urban counterparts, rural adults in cohabiting households with children have lower levels of education, employment and income.
- Rural cohabiting-parent families are more vulnerable economically than their urban counterparts, with 60 percent of rural children in cohabiting households in low-income households (below 200 percent of the poverty line) versus 47 percent of urban children.
The brief notes several policy implications of these findings. Cohabiting parents may be good targets for marriage education – an initiative of the federal government – as they are "closer" to marriage than unmarried parents who live apart. Further, cohabiting women in rural areas are more likely to marry their cohabiting partners than their urban counterparts.
Needs-based public assistance programs treat cohabiting couples unevenly between states, which could have a greater impact on rural families, since nearly half of cohabiting rural households with children receive some type of means-tested public assistance, in contrast to about one-third of urban cohabiting households. This lack of consistency in eligibility could result in some families losing out on necessary services.
And finally, because the official measure of poverty does not include the income of a cohabiting partner as part of the family income, poverty numbers are likely overestimated. As the number of cohabiters has grown significantly since the mid-1960s, when the government implemented its poverty measure, so has the potential impact of mismeasurement. Again, because cohabiting-parent families are a larger share of families in rural America, such mismeasurement would have a larger impact on poverty figures for rural children.
To download a copy of the report, go to _URL_


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System StatusContact Support Agility Community
Generating a Story from an Issue
Follow these steps to generate a new story/backlog item from an existing issue and associate a work item.
 - Generating a story from an issue establishes a new relationship between the items.
 - You can generate multiple stories for each issue.
 1. From the main menu, choose one of the following:
 - Product > Input > Issues
 - Team > Sprint Planning > Issues
 - Team > Sprint Tracking > Issues
 2. Locate an issue, and then choose Generate Story (or Generate Backlog Item) from the Edit menu.
 3. In the Story window, make the necessary changes, and then click Save
The new story is added to the the bottom of the Backlog grid with a unique ID beginning with "S".


text:
Article by Katie DeFord, Rick Hansen, and Jeremy Klockars
You can now access the Red Book Online from the American Academy of Pediatrics on your Apple and Android smartphones and tablets. This important resource provides guidance on manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of 200+ childhood conditions.
- Complete Text of Online & Print Editions
- Influenza Resource Page
- Special Vaccine Shortage Updates
- Current Immunization Schedules
- News & Alerts Regarding Infectious Diseases
Search categories then toggle between text and images for full context:
To download, simply follow these instructions:
NOTE: You have to be on the College or DHMC network, or VPN or Secure Access (if offsite). Once there, you can sign up for an individual account, which then lets you use the app from offsite.
- From the Biomedical Libraries web page, Go to eBooks, scroll down to Titles by Subject. Under Infectious Disease, select Red Book Online.
- Click on "Sign-In via User Name/Password" (fine print) located on the top-left (under the red banner) and just to the right of "Institution: Dartmouth College Library."
- Click the link "Sign In for Individuals."
- For New Customers, select "New Customer Registration."
- Type in your email.
- Create an Individual account.
- Fill out the registration form and click "Continue."
- You will get an email shortly after registering. It will give you your AAP ID. Use your AAP ID and the password you created to login to the AAP web site in the future.
- From the App Store on your Apple device, or from Google Play on your Android device, you can download the Red Book app and login with the above information.
The system will ask you to access the site within your organization's site license at least once during a 120-day span to validate that you are still eligible. A reminder will appear when you log in if you haven't accessed within 120 days.
Please send questions or comments to:


How to Excel in Sports Video Editing
By Brian Clapp | December 16, 2013
This is a guest article written by Zacary Spencer of
sports video editing skills
Beginning your career as a Production Assistant at a sports network will include tasks like video editing and logging live events (Photo Courtesy: ESPN MediaZone)
Video editing is both easy and tricky. This goes for any subject, since every video ever shot and edited has purpose. The editing process reflects this purpose as it should.
The venue of Sports is a particularly fun one in which to create videos. Passion and creativity can do amazing things. Still, sports lovers need to know the editing techniques involved to form their particular vision with projected sense of professionalism.
Sports Video Editing: the Importance of Elements
The elements involved in sports video editing include lighting, angles, sound, sequencing and transitions. All are important, and any sports video would be incomplete without them. Videographers need to know how to use each element effectively by understanding its influences on both the video and the viewer.
Lighting is probably the most important because viewers rely on it to see. This element increases the dramatic effect of a game through vividness of shapes and colors. A balance of sharpness and contrast allows the scene to captivate long after the event has ended. If the lighting is not right, the images appear washed out or too dark. The lighting, when appropriate, motivates the viewer to invest emotionally in the video.
Angles are usually predetermined during shooting. However, sequencing requires certain angles to promote a particular purpose and focus. A motorcycle jump filmed with a handlebar camera, for instance, places the viewer right there in the action where he or she can feel the exhilaration. Angles enhance viewer perspective and incorporate said viewer into the event.
Sound is crucial for emotional effect. Whether the videographer decides to use a rock song, classical music or simple effects, the sound reflects the intended tone of the piece. A humor video, for example, might require a 'DING' when a football player falls on his derriere or a 'THUD' when a runner gets tackled. These sound effects bring about a lightheartedness that directly influences the viewer's state-of-mind. The same goes for, say, a much more dramatic tone conveyed by the song "We Will Rock you," which in turn inspires a sense of devotion in said viewer. With sound, the tone of the video and feelings of the viewer become one.
Find Sports Video Editing Jobs Right Here
Voices are sounds that take on a distinct role. Interviews and narration provide insight that affects emotions through discussion. Viewers become intellectually stimulated and think about the game or player in different ways when they hear what others have to say.
Sequencing involves placing video clips in a certain logical order to convey a story. Segments should be short so they are manageable, and their progression in accordance with the project's purpose. For example, a parent's video showcase of a son's little league game can contain a clip of the boy getting hit in the head by a fly ball followed by him sitting on the bench in a sorrowful state while rubbing his head. The sequence of these two clips highlights the bewilderment of the boy's experience. In like fashion, the viewer understands the significance of the sequence and, at the same time, discerns the parent's frame-of-mind as determined by the other elements employed.
Pacing ties into this. Sequencing and clip length together create the pace of the video, which initiates dramatic effect by creating the appropriate emotion to stir viewers and draw them into the action or reflection as necessary. The movement of the entire event induces viewers to respond accordingly.
sports video editing equipment
In professional settings an editing system like Avid is often used
Transitions used in segment-splicing for sports reflect the relationship between spectator and player, and are essential in capturing the essence of the game because the event is only one-sided without either one. This relationship fuels the viewers because they feel as part of the event this way.
Cuts, the most common form of transition, allow for a quick shifting back and forth between spectator and player to illustrate the dichotomy involved, weighing the importance of each entity as an equal part of the game. Dissolve transitions provide a "melting" from one into the other. This can suggest oneness in that relationship instead of two equal sides. A fan's attention "dissolving" into a running quarterback shows player and spectator in sync. Transitions convey a variety of dynamics depending on the particular aspect of the relation the filmmaker wants or needs to establish.
The Story behind the Struggle
Within every sporting event there is an inherent struggle denoting conflict. This is the essence of any sports competition and that on which spectators thrive for entertainment and excitement. This struggle always reflects some sort of a story that explains it; no conflict, even one in sports, exists without reason. Careful editing can assist in the telling of this story whatever it may be.
By splicing well-timed segments together just right with the appropriate transitions, for instance, videographers can share a story overtly or even with subtlety. A quick back-and-forth alternation between, say, players from opposing sides can illustrate tension, or a historically unwavering rivalry, shared by both. Dissolves can generate depth and reflection, especially when the video shares a history of a team or two players. The appended sequences, accompanied by the right music, may suggest a brotherhood shared between players. The length of the clip and the various elements used contribute to story-telling just as much as the content does. The collective elements can tell a story of courage, drama and determination without words, although they often backup narration in a demonstrative way.
In Conclusion...
Filmmakers need to know what they want to convey through the video. If they know how to use each element to produce an effect that meets a desired end, they can create a sports video of professional quality worthy of critical praise.
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text: DNA vaccines encoding viral glycoproteins have been very successful for induction of protective immunity against diseases caused by rhabdoviruses in cultured fish species. However, the vaccine concept is based on a single viral gene and since RNA viruses are known to possess high variability and adaptation capacity, this work aimed at evaluating whether viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), an RNA virus and member of Rhabdoviridae family, was able to evade the protective immune response induced by the DNA vaccination of rainbow trout. The experiments comprised repeated passages of a highly pathogenic VHSV isolate in a fish cell line in the presence of neutralizing fish serum (in vitro approach), and in rainbow trout immunized with the VHS DNA vaccine (in vivo approach). For the in vitro approach, the virus collected from the last passage (passaged virus) was as sensitive as the parental virus to serum neutralization, suggesting that the passaging did not promote the selection of virus populations able to bypass the neutralization by serum antibodies. Also, in the in vivo approach, where virus was passaged several times in vaccinated fish, no increased virulence nor increased persistence in vaccinated fish was observed in comparison with the parental virus. However, some of the vaccinated fish did get infected and could transmit the infection to naïve cohabitant fish. The results demonstrated that the DNA vaccine induced a robust protection, but also that the immunity was non-sterile. It is consequently important not to consider vaccinated fish as virus free in veterinary terms.


text:
AGSAS > Objectives
We strive for
authenticity in clothing, appearance, actions, attitude, and
personality. Specifically, our goals are to:
- Research and study diaries, letters, textiles, garments, images and original artifacts of the period.
- Share research with our peers and the public.
- Participate in civilian scenarios at battle reenactments and living history programs.
- Demonstrate and learn by doing period activities, not limited to, but including, knitting, sewing, quilting, spinning, needlework,rolling bandages, cooking, or doing laundry.
- Develop our first person skills, both for public interpretation and our own education, and our third person interpretative skills.
- Illustrate the impact that the War had on the lives of ordinary citizens including coping with separation or loss of family members, economic hardship, shortages, and substitutes and the impact of invading armies.
- Study and educate the public on the role of soldiers' aid societies and of the various ways in which civilians on the homefront aided the war effort.
- Raise awareness and contribute to non-profit organizations dedicated to preservation of historic sites.
We have raised money through raffles of quilts, various reproduction items, and other period activities.


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Stop using validations for checking constraints!
 If you run your APEX application - like a Form based on the EMP table - and test if you can change the value of Department to something else then the standard values of 10, 20, 30 or 40, you'll get a nice error message like this:
But it isn't really nice, is it? So what do a lot of developers do? They create a validation (just) in order to show a nicer, better worded, error message like "This is not a valid department". And what you then just did is writing code twice : Once in the database as a (foreign key) check constraint and once as a sql statement in your validation. And we all know : writing code twice is usually not a good idea - and executing the same query twice is not enhancing your performance!
So how can we transform that ugly error message into something nice? By combining two APEX features: the Error Handling Function and the Text Messages!
Start with copying the example of an Error Handling Function from the APEX documentation. Create this function in your database schema and define this as the Error Handling Function for your application:
When you put this in place, the message gets a bit better - the ORA-02291 is removed - but still not that you would like to show to your customer.
Now lets add a few lines to that Error Handling Function in the part that handles the contraint violations. The original code is this:
 l_constraint_name := apex_error.extract_constraint_name (
 p_error => p_error );
 select message
 into l_result.message
 from constraint_lookup
 where constraint_name = l_constraint_name;
 exception when no_data_found
end if;
Now change the select from the constraint_lookup table (which we don't have anyway) into:
 l_constraint_name := apex_error.extract_constraint_name (
 p_error => p_error );
 l_result.message := apex_lang.message( l_constraint_name );
 if l_result.message = l_constraint_name then
 apex_lang.create_message( p_application_id => v('APP_ID')
 , p_name => l_constraint_name
 , p_language => apex_util.get_preference
 , p_message_text => 'TODO'
 end if;
end if;
So the first step is to "translate" the message using the constraint name ( e.g. EMP_DEPT_FK) as a parameter. If that value is not found the apex_lang.message will simply return the parameter value. So if that happens, the procedure apex_lang.create_message is called to create a Text Message entry with a default text "TODO'.
When we run our test case again, the first time we get an error that is only showing the constraint name as a message.
If we immediately press the Save button again, we get a different message.
Now head over to the APEX Designer, Shared Components, Text Messages and look for the messages you still need to change:
And after adding a meaningful message, run your test again.
So without writing any additional validation code on your pages, you can show a nice, user-friendly error message by just using the power of APEX and the Oracle Database.
Of course this is just a simple example of what you can do with an Error Handling Function: just to name an example or two, you can also send an email from that function or do a REST call from one database to another.
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Located in northern Tanzania, the Serengeti is one of the world's most famous wildlife regions. Birds of the Serengeti is a groundbreaking and essential photographic guide, featuring more than 270 bird species most likely to be encountered in the Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Conservation Area. This easy-to-use guide includes 480 dazzling color photos, an attractive and handy layout, and informative and accessible text that discusses interesting behaviors and provides insights into species background. Rich in detail, this indispensable volume uses a habitat-based approach, making it simple for everyone—from the novice to the experienced birdwatcher—to locate diverse birds in this fascinating area of the world.
Looks at more than 270 bird species most likely to be encountered in Tanzania's Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, and Speke Gulf
- Features major plumage variations
- Habitat-based approach
- Informative and accessible text


text:
This smart wheelchair has laser visionNovember 10th, 2009 in Technology / Engineering
Laser sensors, and a database of high-fidelity, 3-D laser maps, like this one of South Bethlehem, enable the robotic wheelchair to "see" its environment.
(PhysOrg.com) -- Disability, John Spletzer believes, should no longer pose any obstacle to mobility. A blind person may not be able to see or a paraplegic to walk, but each can access the technology available to the rest of the world. And that technology has the potential to serve as a person's feet, hands and eyes and thus restore his ability to interact with his environment.
Spletzer, an associate professor of computer science and engineering, recently received a five-year CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to develop a robotic wheelchair that navigates on its own, with no human guidance or remote control, through a crowded city.
Armed with high-fidelity lasers and detailed maps, the "smart" wheelchair will avoid stationery objects like parking meters and light poles as well as "random events" like pedestrians and bicyclists. It will transport users who may not be able to see or walk to their doctor's appointments, to the pharmacy, to the grocery store.
Spletzer's latest endeavor is an outgrowth of two older projects. Two years ago, he and his students worked with researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and Lockheed Martin to convert a Toyota Prius into a robot equipped with laser and camera sensors. The driverless vehicle, "Little Ben," was one of only six cars, out of 89 original entries from several countries, to complete the 57-mile course in the 2007 DARPA Grand Challenge for robotic vehicles.
And in a continuing collaboration, Spletzer and engineers from Freedom Sciences LLC have invented the Automated Transport and Retrieval System (ATRS), which enables wheelchair users to get into and out of their vehicles, stow and retrieve their chairs, and drive while sitting in traditional auto seats that meet federal safety regulations. Freedom Sciences began selling the ATRS in the summer of 2008, shortly after the system was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
"Our goal now," says Spletzer, who directs Lehigh's VADER (Vision, Assistive Devices, and Experimental Robotics) Laboratory, "is to extend the autonomy of the wheelchair so it can navigate completely in an urban setting and take you wherever you need to go.
"At the same time, we want to download Little Ben's hardware, convert it to software, which is much less expensive, and upload it to the robotic wheelchair. This will give the chair the maps and images it needs to be able to interact with its environment."
Helping robots see with lasers
In order to "see" and respond to its environment as it navigates around a city, says Spletzer, a robot must possess two things: sensors that detect and recognize familiar landmarks and a database with maps that show where those landmarks will be.
Spletzer and his students have taken a cue from Google Street View, which allows Internet users to take virtual tours of distant cities, block by block and building by building, by looking at thousands of stored images. These images are of little use to robots equipped with lasers, says Spletzer, because robots do not see what humans see. But the concept is applicable to the robotic wheelchair.
"To create Google Street View, people drive vehicles around cities, take thousands of images and make maps. We're making similar maps that are useful for robots, not people. Our robots respond to different cues than humans respond to. Whereas people see the real world and all its details, robots using lasers recognize things like poles and building corners that reduce to a very exact point and are thus easy to track."
Spletzer and his students are fitting the robotic wheelchair with a low cost LIDAR (an acronym for light detection and ranging) laser similar to, but much less expensive than, those that enabled Little Ben to detect other vehicles, highway lane markers and the edge of the pavement. They have made high-fidelity, 3-D laser maps of portions of South Bethlehem and of the Stabler Arena parking lot on Lehigh's Goodman Campus. The team's robotic wheelchair, guided by LIDAR but not GPS devices, has traversed a 1-kilometer route and arrived at its destination to within an accuracy of 20 centimeters.
"We have a server vehicle drive around and make a hi-fi 3-D map of the environment," says Spletzer. "The robotic wheelchair can download this map and navigate the environment, halfway in the real world, halfway in the virtual world.
"The robot identifies landmarks—trees, poles, building faces and corners—in the real world and looks for them in the laser map. Once it finds them, it will be able to accurately estimate its position in the real world. It doesn't need GPS, because of the accuracy of the server vehicle maps and because of the LIDARs."
Meanwhile, says Spletzer, the robot learns from experience by comparing the new objects it sees in the environment with the images in its database.
Combining autonomy with affordability
At a cost of $250,000 to produce, Little Ben was the least expensive robotic car to complete the 2007 Grand Challenge.
By contrast, the cost of purchasing an ATRS is comparable with the cost of purchasing a van or SUV and revamping it to allow a person to drive while seated in the wheelchair, as most wheelchair drivers now do.
Spletzer's goal is to combine the greater autonomy of Little Ben with the affordability of the ATRS.
"The ATRS is priced to sell and is effective," says Spletzer. "But it is autonomous only within the immediate vicinity of a person's vehicle. Little Ben drove itself 57 miles and achieved a high level of autonomy. But very few people are going to buy a robotic car for $250,000.
"We want to develop a cost-effective solution for mobile robot localization and mapping, to go from what we have now with the ATRS, which is a low-cost system with low-level autonomy, to a system that is low-cost with high-level autonomy. To do that, we need to replace hardware, which is expensive, with software, which is cheap—once you write the code and download it."
Spletzer, who receives numerous letters and emails, expects people to find new uses for the robotic wheelchair when it is developed.
"In a big city, courier services could use robotic vehicles instead of bicyclists to deliver packages across town. And the robotic wheelchair would be useful for quadriplegics whose cognitive functions are intact, but who find it difficult and tedious to operate a wheelchair.
"Our team received a letter from one man who said his wife could not operate her wheelchair along the narrow halls of her house. Because she lacked sufficient motor skills, she was always bumping into something.
"We want to provide a solution for people like this that doesn't require them to interact with their environment. We want them to just be able to say to their wheelchair, 'Take me to the drug store' or 'Take me to the doctor.'"
A quick evolution
Spletzer credits two of his graduate students—Mike Sands (computer science) and Chao Gao (computer engineering)—with making the laser maps and pushing along the robotic wheelchair project.
He marvels at the rate of change in robotics in the decade or so since his own days as a graduate student at Penn.
"When I was a graduate student, we were driving remote-control cars in the lab. Ten years later, we were creating robotic cars that could drive autonomously in the real world. That's a quick evolution.
"Ten years from now, who knows where we'll be?"
"This smart wheelchair has laser vision." November 10th, 2009. _URL_


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Some people believe that young people know about international pop and movie Some people believe that young people know about international pop and movie stars but know very less about famous people from the history in their own country. Why is this? How can more interest be created in young people to gain more knowledge about their own famous people from history?
It is irrefutable that today we are flooded with information about everything. The youth of today know It is irrefutable that today we are flooded with information about everything. The youth of today know about global celebs but are increasingly ill informed about their own historical personalities. This essay shall analyse why this is happening, and also suggest some measures, to generate their interest in historical events and people. The first and major reason for this is that the education system in most of the countries is test-based. Students are only taught to get good grades and as a result, they only focus on passing their exams, rather than gaining knowledge about any topic. Their interest is never developed in history and heroes of our past. On top of that, the youth today is more fascinated towards the celebrities because of the exposure and importance the media gives to them. Furthermore, most of the families have now started living in nuclear setups, where both the parents are working, and because of this the children's education about their roots and history has taken a back seat.
There are many methods that can be used by parents, schools and the media to develop the interest of youngsters in knowing about the famous people from history. The schools can incorporate technology in teaching methods, like the use of audio-visual aids. Educational trips to museums and famous historical places also help develop the children's interest. The government should set up museums and encourage children to visit them by highly subsidizing tickets for the students. For example, the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Museum has become a great source of information about the freedom struggle and the sacrifices made by freedom fighters. Also, the Virasat-e-Khalsa museum has become very popular among the youth as they can learn a lot about Sikh history and culture. Moreover, TV shows and movies can be made around famous historical personalities and their contributions. For instance, the recent Bollywood movie Bajirao Mastani, has been a super hit at the box office and has made a lot of people more aware about historical events and characters. TV channels like History channel has shows which run throughout the day, giving information about famous people and events from history. To conclude, there are several innovative and creative methods that can be used to make the youth more interested and aware about the notable people from history. This effort has to be made by parents, at schools and media also has a big role to play in spreading this awareness.


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Vehicle Design Evaluation Using The Digital Proving Ground 2000-01-0126
Recent advancements in three-dimensional digital terrain mapping and vehicle simulation technology present an opportunity to introduce "real-world feedback" early in the design process. Designers of suspension, braking, steering and safety systems can evaluate and optimize designs using computer simulation of a vehicle on the digital proving ground (DPG). A range of possible design behaviors can be identified and analyzed prior to expensive prototyping and testing. Even a series of specific test maneuvers may be evaluated prior to actual testing to ensure safety of the driver and prototype vehicle. As a result, the design process is more efficient and the use of the actual proving ground is more cost effective.
This paper presents an overview of the use of the digital proving ground for vehicle design evaluation. Several examples of digital proving ground tests will be discussed. Digital 3-D models of a test track facility may be available from the construction of the grounds, or they can be created with laser measurement techniques, such as LIDAR. Tire-terrain contact patch simulation techniques provide for the use of validated physics models to study 3-D vehicle behavior undergoing simulated tests for handling, ride, braking compliance or other maneuvers.
International Truck & Bus Meeting & Exposition
Electronics for Trucks and Buses 2000-SP-1568, Computer Applications for Crash, Optimization, and Simulation Research-SP-1496, SAE 2000 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems-V109-6


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First of all, it's ALWAYS important to give credit where credit is due. The ideas and methods shown in the video I created today came from a video class taught by Klo Oxford. While she didn't invent this concept, she did take the time to figure out how to design them in her cutting program and I found her method of creating these spirals to be both brilliant and fun! And it's relatively easy, too… just make sure you take note of each step and you should be able to create spirals from a wide range of shapes, such as circles, flowers, stars, apples, teddy bears, shamrocks, angels, wedding bells, grad caps, and more! 🙂
The video to learn how to do this in KNK and ACS Studio is here:
If you want to watch Klo's video class where she creates a really crazy fun card using stars and circles, then go here:
Finally, a big thanks to Lynn Keniston who emailed me about Klo's video and, thus, prompted me to figure it out for KNK/ACS owners. Thanks, Lynn!!!
The video will show you how to design your spirals. Now for attaching to the inside of your card, here's a quick method that worked great for me:
1. Decide where you want the spirals in your card. Note that they do not have to be centered. I do like the start of the spiral cut to be positioned towards the center fold:
2. Next, select either side (I chose the left side) and flip it over and apply glue around the outside edge only:
3. Adhere the spiral to the card and clean off any glue that might seep out along the sides.
4. Apply glue to the very center of the spiral, in the place where you want it to attach to the other spiral cut:
5. Place the front of your other spiral face down and centered on top of the first spiral cut. Then apply glue around the outside edge of that spiral:
6. Close the card and then press firmly or use a brayer to make sure the newly glued piece will be adhered to the other side:
7. Open your card! You're done!


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Creating forms with Microsoft Word is easy, but the challenge comes in when you decide to create fillable forms with options that you can send to people and have them fill out digitally. Whether you need a form for gathering information about people or if you are trying to take a survey to test out user response to software or a new product, MS Word has the solution for you.
Note: the screenshots in this tutorial are from Word 2010 but this should work the same in Word 2013.
Enable the Developer Tab
In order to create fillable forms, you will need to start by enabling the developer tab by clicking on the "File" drop-down menu and then choose "Options." Open the "Customize Ribbon" tab and select the "Main Tabs" option under "Customize the Ribbon."
Now you will need to select the "Developer" box and press "OK."
Once you have done this, you will notice that an additional menu has been added to the top of the screen with several new developer options.
To Template, or Not to Template?
There are two main options to get started with your form creation. Option one is easy to use if you can find a template that suits your needs. To find templates, Click on the "File" menu, select "New." You will see many premade templates available for download. Simply click on "Forms" and look through the selection of templates to find one that suits your needs.
When you have found your template, just download it and edit the form as needed.
Since that is the easy way and you may not be able to find a template that fits your needs, we will discuss the best way to create forms from scratch. Begin by navigating to the template options again, but instead of selecting a pre-made form, select "My Templates."
Now you will need to click the "Templates" check-circle and then press "OK" to create a blank template. Lastly, press "Ctrl + S" to save the document. We will call it, "Form Template 1".
Populate the Form
Now that you have a blank template, you are ready to start adding information to the form. The form we will create in this example is a simple form to collect information about people who fill them out. First, you will need to enter the basic questions. For this tutorial, we will try to get the following information:
- Name (Plain Text Response)
- Age (Drop-Down List)
- D.O.B. (Date Response)
- Sex (Check Box)
- Zip Code (Plain Text Response)
- Phone Number (Plain Text Response)
- Favorite Primary Color and why: (Combo Box)
- Best Pizza Toppings (Check Box and Plain Text Response)
- What is your dream job and why? Limit your answer to 200 words (Rich Text Response)
- What type of vehicle do you drive? (Plain Text Response)
Click on the "Developer" tab which you added earlier and under the "Controls" section, choose "Design Mode" to begin creating different control options. If you want to see what it looks like in action, remember to deselect the "Design Mode" option.
For any answers that require a text based answer, you can add text sections. You will do this by selecting the Rich Text Content Control (allows users to edit formatting) or the Plain Text Content Control (only allows plain text without formatting) option.
Let's enable a rich text response for question 9, and then a plain text response for question 1, 5, 6, and 10.
Remember that you can edit the text in the content control boxes to match the questions by clicking in them and typing as seen in the image above.
Add a Date Selection Option
If you need to add dates, you can add the "Date Picker Content Control." Let's Use this and add it to question 3.
Insert a Drop-Down List with Options
For questions that only allow one answer such as numbers (question 2), a drop-down list is handy. We will add simple list and populate it with age ranges. You will need to add the content control box, right-click on it, and select the "Properties" option. Next, click on add to add age ranges.
When you are done, it should look something like this (Design Mode Disabled).
Alternatively, you can add a "Combo Box," which will allow you to add any options you want, as well as allow users to enter additional text if needed. Let's add a combo box to question 7. Since it is a combo box, users will be able to select an option and type why they like the color.
Add Check Boxes
For the fourth question, we will add check box options. You will first enter your options (male and female). Now you can add the check box content control after each option.
Repeat the process for any other questions that require one or more options. We will add check boxes to question 8 as well. We will also add a plain text response box for any toppings not listed.
The completed blank form should look like the images below depending on whether you have design mode enabled or disabled.
Congratulations, you have just learned the basics of creating interactive forms. Feel free to download our completed sample form if needed. You can send the DOTX file to people and when they open it, it will automatically open up a normal word document that they can fill out and send to you since the template is automatically applied.
Image Credit: Ben Ward on Flickr


Juxtaarticular: The prefix 'juxta-' comes from the Latin preposition meaning near, nearby, close. Juxtaarticular is composed of juxta, near + articular, from the Latin 'articulus', a joint = near a joint. A juxtaarticular fracture is a break near a joint; juxtaarticular infection is infection near a joint; and so on.
Found on _URL_
juxtaarticular, juxta-articular Placed around or near a joint; periarticular.
Found on _URL_
No exact match found


Tuesday, October 6, 2015
Seeking Self-Actualization in Software Development
Posted by Aaron Price
In the world of Scrum, you sometimes hear about teams being "self-actualized." This term is thrown around by thought leaders and practitioners, but what does it mean? "Self-actualization" refers to teams firing on all cylinders and being a "well-oiled machine"—or in plainer terms, achieving their full potential. The more important question, however, is how do we help teams achieve this elusive, optimal state?
I first heard the term self-actualization when studying psychology in college. There, I learned about the concept of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. In short, it is represented by a pyramid, with a person's most basic needs at the bottom and most complex and abstract needs at the top.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ap-blog-hon1-10-2015
From bottom to top, Maslow identified human needs as:
 - Physiological: Food, water, and sleep
 - Safety: Health, shelter, and resources
 - Social: Family, love, and companionship
 - Esteem: Achievement, respect by others, and respect for others
 - Self-actualization: To "become everything that one is capable of becoming," according to Abraham Maslow.
These needs apply just as much to professional work as it does to personal life. If we also accept that teams are simply groups of people, then it's fair to say that the Hierarchy of Needs can be applied to teams in a professional environment.
Let's look at how the needs at each level of Maslow's hierarchy can be fulfilled in a team-driven workplace using Kepware as an example.
 - Physiological: Free beverages and company lunches
 - Safety: Salary, work-life balance, health benefits, gym, safe work environment, and 401k program
 - Social: Open floor plan, company parties, and other social activities
 - Esteem: Regular feedback from supervisors and peers and product release celebrations
 - Self-actualization:...this one is hard!
Yes, self-actualization is by far the hardest need for a company to fulfill for a team because management cannot tell a team how to self-actualize. It is the work of the teamand only the teamto find their ideal form.
Scrum emphasizes that teams should be self-organizing. According to The Scrum Guide (the definitive set of Scrum rules), "Self-organizing teams choose how best to accomplish their work, rather than being directed by others outside the team." This is based on the theory that "the people who do the work are the highest authorities on how best to do it."
Does this mean that management is powerless to help their teams self-actualize? No.
A principle of the Hierarchy of Needs is that one cannot fulfill the needs higher on the pyramid until the levels below it are addressed. So what management can do is ensure that all of a team's needs below self-actualization are met, and then provide the autonomy needed for the team to engage on the journey to self-actualization. Ironically, giving teams such freedom can be harder than imposing a rigid process upon themespecially for organizations that are used to tightly managing teams. However, Kepware excels at providing exactly this freedom, not only allowing teams to use the Scrum framework to find their ideal state, but actively encouraging it.
The Hierarchy of Needs as Applied to Kepware
The most crucial tool that Scrum provides to help teams self-actualize is a recurring meeting called the "retrospective." During retrospectives, a team openly and honestly assesses their collective strengths, weaknesses, and ways to improve. Out of retrospectives come "experiments." In the context of Scrum, an experiment is a change to a team's process that is committed within a set time-box and then evaluated. If an experiment is a success, the team may permanently adopt it. If an experiment doesn't achieve the desired results, it is discarded and another experiment is run. This structure flows from one of the twelve Agile Principles that states "at regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly." Using this trial-and-error approach, the team evolves much like an organism perfecting itself through iteration over time.
Scrum applies iteration toward team self-actualization in much the same way that it applies it to product development. By doing this, both the team and the product undergo regular inspections, on which improvements or course corrections are made. This continuous improvement is at the heart of Scrum; it is also a core value at Kepware that gives us the best possible shot at having healthy, self-actualized teams.
What Do You Think?
Does your company follow the Agile development philosophy? Use the comment field below to share your experiences and ask me any questions you have about our implementation. I hope to connect with you soon. In the meantime, please stay tuned for my next post, where I'll dig deeper into how sprint retrospectives are conducted and how they can be leveraged to maximize teams' productivity and happiness. Thanks for reading!


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The percentage of island countries that are democratic is higher than that of continental countries. Historically they have been more prone to political instability than their continental counterparts.
Island countries have often been the basis of maritime conquest and historical rivalry between other countries. Island countries are more susceptible to attack by large, continental countries due to their size and dependence on sea and air lines of communication. Many island countries are also vulnerable to predation by mercenaries and other foreign invaders, although their isolation also makes them a difficult target. Powerful countries, such as the United Kingdom, may develop a navy for protection and promotion of their interests, sometimes known as a sea power.
Natural resources
Many island countries rely heavily on fish for their main supply of food. Some are turning to renewable energy—such as wind power, hydropower, geothermal power and biodiesel from copra oil—to combat the rise in oil prices.
Some island countries are more affected than other countries by climate change, which produces problems such as reduced land use, water scarcity and sometimes even resettlement issues. Some low-lying island countries are slowly being submerged by the rising water levels of the Pacific Ocean. Climate change also impacts island countries by causing natural disasters such as tropical cyclones, hurricanes, flash floods and drought.. In 2011, the Center for Climate Change Law (CCCL) held a conference attended by 272 registrants from 39 island nations titled Legal Issues for Threatened Island Nations.
Many island countries rely heavily on imports and are greatly affected by changes in the global economy. The economies of island countries are usually smaller and more vulnerable to shipping costs, environmental damage to infrastructure, and isolation from other economies than those of larger, continental countries, exceptions include Japan, Australia and the U.K. The dominant industry for many island countries is tourism.
Island countries are typically small with relatively low populations.
Some island countries are centred on one or two major islands, such as the United Kingdom, Trinidad and Tobago, New Zealand and Singapore. Others are spread out over hundreds or thousands of smaller islands, such as the Philippines, Indonesia, Seychelles, and the Maldives. Some island countries share their islands with other countries; these include the United Kingdom and Ireland, Haiti and the Dominican Republic, and Indonesia, which shares islands with Papua New Guinea, Brunei, East Timor and Malaysia.
Geographically, the country of Australia is considered a continental landmass rather than an island, covering the largest landmass of the Australian continent. In the past, however, it was considered an island country for tourism purposes and is still often referred to as such.
See also
- Ott, Dana (2000). Small is Democratic. Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 0-8153-3910-0.
- Chasle, Raymond (01-OCT-1986). "The quest for identity. (island countries)". UNESCO Courier. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- Perry, Walt L.; Robert W. Button, Jerome Bracken, Thomas Sullivan, Rand Corporation, United States Navy, Jonathan Mitchell (2002). Measures of Effectiveness for the Information-age Navy. Rand Corporation. p. 7. ISBN 0-8330-3139-2.
- WREN, CHRISTOPHER S. (December 9, 1989). "Mercenary Holding Island Nation Seeks Deal". New York Times. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "OTTAWA: REPORT ISSUES WARNING ABOUT FUTURE OF CORAL FISHERIES". Radio Canada International. 2007-04-21. Retrieved 2009-02-01.[dead link]
- Xingwei, Huang (2008-10-17). "Pacific Islands countries switch to renewable energy source due to increasing fuel prices". Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "Leader of disappearing island nation says climate change an issue of survival, not economics". June 5, 2008. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "FAO: Climate change threatens food security of Pacific island countries". December 2, 2008. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "Global economic crisis a concern for Pacific island countries". 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "WTO/FORSEC Trade Policy Course for Pacific island countries". 9 March 2001. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "NZ calls for global solutions to problems faced by small island nations". 2005-01-18. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- Garg, Sarika. "U.N. ambassador gives keynote". Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "China enlists Pacific island countries as tourist destinations, XINHUA.". The America's Intelligence Wire. 10-AUG-04. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "Wen pledges new aid to Pacific countries". International Herald Tribute. April 5, 2006. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- "Australian Naval Defence". The Brisbane Courier. 24 July 1897. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- "China, Pacific island countries discuss cooperation at forum meeting". Retrieved 2009-02-01.


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Structuring student-centered inquiry across disciplines
A proven approach to the problem-solving process
Based on cognitive research, the Project Pals methodology focuses on the three most powerful contributors to improved student understanding: external problem representation, computational thinking, and design thinking. Our methodology helps structure students' approach to problem solving across subjects and provides an effective framework guide for project-based learning.
Driving questions focus student inquiries, and question maps allow students to refine questions into an organized, visual representation.
Upload documents, import Google docs, and attach online articles to a project or assignment for student reference.
Easy-to-use content tools empower students to create project assets in the interactive workspace, thus demonstrating their knowledge and thought process.
Components & Events
Students learn to break problems down into component parts and document processes and timelines of events—an integral part of computational thinking.
Building a mind map enables students to identify patterns and relationships between project assets.
Analyze & Conclude
Students drag-and-drop project assets to compare and contrast information, create a structured analysis, and reach reasoned conclusions.
Students design digital posters or slide decks, choosing relevant information for their audience, and by presenting it, hone essential communication skills.


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The core curriculum delivers the basic knowledge required and ensures the fellow's competency in the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) key focus areas for performance.
- Patient Care
- Medical Knowledge
- Practice-Based Learning and Improvement
- Interpersonal and Communication Skills
- Systems Based Practice
The fellow sees patients at the SwedishAmerican Neuro and Headache Clinic four days per week. The clinic is located on the hospital campus making headache consultations in the inpatient and emergency department settings readily available. Procedures are performed in the clinic and in the radiology department. Didactic sessions are offered one day per week when additional work on research, quality improvement or academic study work also occurs. Elective time is available up to eight weeks per year. The fellow is expected to present at least one resident lecture per year and one Grand Rounds presentation per year. Additional presentations are encouraged.
- To graduate a fellow with the advanced knowledge and skillsets required to provide effective state of the art headache medicine care for patients in the ambulatory and inpatient settings.
- To impart an understanding of the epidemiologic and socioeconomic factors that affect patients with headache disorders.
- To foster basic quality improvement and research skills necessary for improving patient care and for making contributions to the field of headache medicine.
- To master the anatomy and pathophysiology of headache and related disorders.
- To accurately identify and classify primary and secondary headaches
- To gain proficiency in multiple modalities for the treatment of headache and facial pain including the use of prophylactic and therapeutic medications, behavioral and non-pharmacologic modalities, and physical techniques such as injections, physical therapy, and exercise.
- To gain proficiency in teaching headache medicine to medical students, residents, medical and support staff, and in counseling patients.
The ACGME has established Milestones for its ACGME fellowship programs to gauge the levels of competency achieved by the fellow throughout training. The framework for the competency assessment is built on the six ACGME core competencies; patient care, medical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, and systems-based practice. The measures of accomplishment and success will vary by the objectives used for each core competency.
While the fellow is expected to work hard while on duty, we value and encourage a healthy work/life balance. The fellow normally works from Monday to Friday. The fellow is encouraged to enjoy vacation time and many evenings and weekends enjoying the region and/or traveling.
Suggested Rotation Schedule
Each block rotation is one half day per week for 2-8 weeks in length.
- Concussion Care: 4-week rotation
- Neurology: Two 4-week rotations
- Ophthalmology: Two 2-week rotation
- Radiology: Two 2-week rotation
- ENT: Two 2-week rotation
- Audiology/Vestibular: Two 2-week rotation
- Physical Therapy: 2-week rotation
- Pain Management: 2-week rotation
- Neurosurgery: Two 4-week rotations, as cases present.
Weekly Longitudinal Experiences:
- Ambulatory Neuro/Headache Clinic: Six half days per week of ambulatory care for headache and facial pain patients based at the Neuro & Headache Center and inpatient headache consultations at SwedishAmerican Hospital and Emergency Department all part of UW Health.
- Family Medicine Clinic: One half day a week spent at the Miles Square L. P. Johnson Family Health Center seeing family medicine patients.
- Dedicated Scholarship, Research, and Didactic Time: Every Wednesday, both half days are allocated for weekly didactics, journal rounds, clinical and non-clinical teachings and time for research with hopeful submission for publication and more.
Education is done in a wide range of formal and informal settings. Expect to be an active participant and teacher!


The highest mountain peak in Greece is Mount Olympus. It reaches a height of 9,570 feet (2,917 meters) above sea level. Mount Olympus is on the border of the Greek regions of Macedonia and Thessaly.
The ancient Greeks believed that their gods lived on Mount Olympus. From that height the gods were thought to watch over and take part in the lives of humans.
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Apart from supporting the Out-Of-The-Box conversations, Max supports the following functionalities:
Processing Indicators
 - Max provides numerous processing indications to manage user expectations while it is working on user inputs.
 - Max displays a thinking indication icon in the user interface while it's working on the user request.
 - Max displays courtesy messages such as "Just a moment", "Give me a sec", "Hang on for a second".
 - Max displays empathetic messages such as "Apologies, this is taken longer than expected, appreciate your patience" for requests that take longer than the usual amount of the time for processing.
Multi-intent workflows
Max allows the user to specify multiple intents in a single command. For example: create nda for Alpha Gas and send it to Bob Schank for signature.
Zero input workflows
 - Max makes smart on-the-spot-decisions on your behalf. For example:
 - Max picks the most frequently updated template and further filters it by user's existing template filter choices by incorporating the settings of the account, agreement or other objects.
 - Max picks the most frequently used document format for agreement documents in the last 30 days.
Ease of useMax provides easy to click quick action buttons, while also allowing the user to provide verbal inputs.
Mobile supportMax allows users to invoke the conversation via a mobile browser or the embedded Max plugin from the native SFDC app on both iPhone and Android devices.
Voice dictationMax allows users to provide input using the inbuilt keyboard dictation on iPhone and Android devices.
Handling unsupported intents
Handling unsupported intents: Max understands the popular workflows that it cannot handle. For such workflows, it displays the appropriate help to guide you accordingly. Example: You ask Max to "create an account", Max responds with the below message:
I'm sorry! I'm not able to create accounts for you at this point. You can find instructions on how to create an account here: Managing Accounts in SalesForce. If you'd like me to be able to do this for you, you can reach out to your Max Admin and the Conga team by clicking here.
Contextual help
Max understands the context of the user conversation and responds with the correct help text. For examples of Contextual Help, refer to Contextual Help.
Provide FeedbackYou can provide feedback to Max at any stage in your conversation. To provide feedback, type Feeback or Provide Feedback in Max chat window. Max asks you whether your feedback is positive or negative. Based on your feedback, Max asks you to provide details about what you liked and what you disliked. After providing your feedback, Max navigates you back to your conversation.
All major conversation steps provide you with the following options:
 - Proceed: User can respond affirmatively and proceed with the action
 - Change Details: User can opt to change details first and then proceed
 - Abort: User can abort the operation by canceling the request
 - Go back: User can go back to the previous major workflow step when applicable.
 - End: Ends the conversation by typing "Bye"
Quick Answers
 If you ask a specific question such as "what is the expiration date of the Google quote?", Max provides a quick answer with a generated sentence answering your query as below:
 The Valid Until Date for Google Dec-2018 is Fri Dec 14 2018Here are the details of the quote: .....
Yes/No Questions
If you ask Max a specific yes/no question such as "Is the Google quote accepted?", Max provides a quick yes/no answer with a generated sentence answering your query as follows:
Yes, The Google quote is Accepted.
Response Relevance
When a user asks for specific fields from quotes that satisfy a certain search criterion, Max includes both the fields that are selected and the fields used for filtering the results, in addition to the default fields that are normally displayed.
Conversational AnalyticsAll workflow steps, parameter selections, user utterances, workflow anomalies are logged as part of conversational analytics. This data is used as the raw material to study usage trends, usability and other issues that help improve Max.
Proactive GreetingIn the embedded mode, Max proactively greets you when you click the Max pop-up window.
Proactive tips
 Max offers proactive tips to the user based on the conversation context.
For example:
Let's get started! What can I do for you?
 - You can create an agreement by saying: 'create an nda and send it to John Snow for signature'
 - You can search for agreement(s) by saying: 'help me find the last NDAs I created on 08/01/2018'
 - You can search for fields within agreements by saying: 'show me the ACV of the last MSA I created, and also list the start date and duration'
 - You can search for quote(s) by saying: 'help me find the last quote I created in 2018'
 - You can search for fields within quotes by saying: 'show me the amount of the last quote I created, and also show me the expiration date


If you want to change the settings of a class (e.g. number of participants, instructor) without affecting past class, you can do this in two ways:
 1. For temporary changes: Edit the lesson directly in the settings of a specific lesson. See also: Edit individual lessons
 2. For permanent changes: Create a new class with the new settings, which replaces the old class.
 - In the admin area click on «Set up my studio» - «My class schedule».
 - Create a new class or make a copy of the affected class with the new settings. Set the start date to the day on which the new settings apply.
 - Finish the old class by editing it and set the end date to the day when the new class starts.


Ma Huang as the Epehdra Sinica plant, or simply as Ephedra. (1)
Ma Huang is prepared from a desert dwelling shrub in the Ephedra genus.
There are more than 50 species of Ephedra around the world.
The three Asian versions of Ephedra that are used medicinally in Asia are:
 - Epherda sinica
 - Ephedra intermedia
 - Ephedrine aquisetinia
The active component in Ephedra is Ephedrine.
Ephederine was isolated by researchers in Japan in 1887.
50 years later it was chemically synthesized.
In the early 1930's Ephedrine was approved for use by the American Medial Association as a sympathomimetic drug with relatively low toxicity.
Ephedra or Ephedrine?
It is important to note that Ephedra has not been banned.
You will recall that ephedra refers to the Ma Huang herb.
What has been banned in the United States are the active alkaloid compounds found within the Ephedra plant, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, methylephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, and methylpseudoephedrine.
The following excerpt from the actual 2004 FDA ruling makes this clear...
"We use the term dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids in this final rule to refer to dietary supplements containing botanical sources of ephedrine alkaloids. We use the term 'ephedra' to refer to botanical sources of ephedrine alkaloids.. (FDA Final Ruling on Ephedrine alkaloids. (2) )"
FDA Final Ruling on Ephedrine alkaloids.
It is, therefore, possible to legally obtain a supplement that contains Ephedra, but it will have necessarily removed the illegal alkaloids ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.
So, what do you leave remaining in the Ephedra herb when you take out those alkaloids?
Ephedra is a complex herb made up of many compounds.
Even though the alkaloids that have been banned have been shown to be the most important contributors to the fat loss results that have been achieved in the past, they were not the only contributors.
In fact, they only make up about 2% of what is inside of this plant!
Here are the most important compounds contained in alkaloid free Ephedra...
This is an antioxidant that naturally inhibits myostatin.
Myostatin is a hormone that your body releases to stop muscle growth.
Epicatechin is found in dark chocolate and is the reason that it is popularly recommended for health.
Epicatechin is known as a flavanol and it has a ton of benefits.
Flavanols have the ability to enhance our natural body functions.
Of all the flavanols, Epicatechin appears to stand supreme.
Studies have shown that it has the ability to...
 - Boost blood flow
 - Enhance nitric oxide levels
 - Improve insulin sensitivity
 - Suppress the appetite
 - Bring down LDL cholesterol levels
 - Stabilize blood pressure
 - Inhibit myostatin
Getting epicatechin through supplemental, as opposed to whole food sources, is smart idea for those trying to lose weight.
A typical daily dose of 45 grams of dark chocolate will provide you with an extra two hundred calories to your daily caloric consumption. (3)
Polyphenols are a compound with antioxidant properties.
They can reduce inflammation and provide great benefits for overall health.
There are over 8000 polyphenols and more than 4000 are flavonoids.
A catechin is a type of natural phenol antioxidant.
Catechins are a potent antioxidant and can improve mental health.
They are commonly found in green and black teas, cocoa (dark chocolate) and berries.
They are abundant in the ephedra plant.
Catechins are abundant in green tea, and are what have led to their popularity as a health booster.
Catechins have been shown to have fat oxidizing properties.
To have a beneficial weight loss effect, however, catechins need to be taken in sizable quantities.
The typical dosage of Ephedrine is 25 grams, which is too low to produce appreciable weight loss effects from catechins.
Flavanoid Glycosides
Flavanoid Glycosides are a group of compounds that occur naturally in fruits and vegetables.
They are usually bound to sugars.
They have been shown to be beneficial in improving the strength of capillaries, stabilizing blood sugar and boosting the overall efficiency of the immune system.
Citric and Malic Acid
Citric and malic acid work together to provide an energy boost and off-setting the effects of fatigue.
Malic acid is also a well recognized pain reliever.
Citric and malic acid are involved on the krebs cycle.
As such they are involved in the metabolism of everything that we consume.
Citric acid is also a popular skin rejuvenating product.
A compromising of the krebs cycle will result in less efficient metabolization and energy production within the body.
The supply of citric and malic acid via ephedra will help to ensure that the system runs efficiently.
Glycans are macro molecules that assist the cells in the body to communicate with one another.
They are especially beneficial to the skin, as they facilitate the communication process which leads to collagen replenishment.
In terms of weight loss, the glycans found in Ephedra (known as ephedrans) have been shown in studies with mice to contribute to the normalization of blood sugar.
However, no studies have yet been done on human subjects.
Tannins are most commonly used in the production of wine, being the compounds that bind to amino acids and produce that dry taste in white wine.
When it comes to ephedra there are two tannins of particular importance...
 - Galic acid
 - Epigallic acid
In a study conducted in 2015, galic acid was given to mice who were fed on an increased food consumption.
Despite the extra calories, the mice did not gain weight, in contrast to a control group.
The galic acid fed mice also significantly improved their glucose and insulin homeostasis.
These are crucial factors for weight control. (5)
The Structure of Ephedrine
Ephedrine is a benzyl alkaloid, which basically means that it is a nitrogen containing molecule.
It contains component parts that work in the same way as synthetic stimulants, such as epinephrine and methamphetamine.
The variety that produces best results in this regard is Ephedra Sinica.
Ephedra Sinica contains 1-3% alkaloids, of which between 40-90% is ephedrine.
The key alkaloids in Ephedra are...
 - Ephedrine
 - Norephedrine
 - N-methyphedrine
 - Psuedoephedrine
 - Norpsuedoephedrine
 - N-methyl Psuedoephedrine
The properties of alkaloids are largely determined by the precise positioning of their nitrogen atom and the length and constituency of their alkyl side chains.
How Does It Work
Ephedrine stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, which leads to an increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and a resulting increase in blood circulation.
It also has a major stimulatory effect on the central nervous system. In addition, ephedra will relax and dilate your respiratory pathways.
It can also control the activity of the hypothalamus and speed up thermogenesis.
It will also improve concentration for working, studying of taking exams.
All of these effects make Ephedra a natural fat loss stimulant.
It has been shown, over and over again, to really work in terms of boosting fat loss.
A number of controlled studies have looked into the effect of ephedra and ephedrine in terms of fat loss.
Often it has been combined with caffeine and / or aspirin in order to have a more potent effect.
A recent study found that people who took and ephedra-caffeine supplement lost a average of one kilogram (2.2 pounds) per month over 6 months more weight than a group who were taking a placebo.
The dosage taken was 90mg of ephedra and 192mg of caffeine daily.
There were no adverse effects at this dosage.
An older study compared four groups of obese people.
One group took just caffeine at a daily dose of 200mg three times per day.
The second group took 20mg of Ephedra three times per day.
A third group took caffeine and ephedra together at a dosage of 200 and 20mg, three times per day.
The fourth group took a placebo.
The group that took both caffeine and ephedrine lost the most weight over a period of six months.
However, all four groups lost a similar amount of weight due to being on a calorie controlled diet.
In fact, the placebo group lost more weight than the ephedra group alone. (6)
It is important to note that the caffeine-ephedra group reported such side effects as vertigo, and increased heart rate.
The combination of ephedra and caffeine works by increasing the metabolic rate and also by suppressing the appetite.
The combination of ephedra and caffeine also appears to increase muscle mass, so that weight loss is predominantly fat as opposed to muscle tissue. (7


Using Fulltext Indexes in MySQL - Part 1
February 3, 2003
One of the more useful MySQL features is the ability to search for text using a FULLTEXT index. Currently this is only available if you use the MyISAM table type (which is the default table type, so if you don't know what table type you're using, it'll most likely be MyISAM). A fulltext index can be created for a TEXT, CHAR or VARCHAR type field, or combination of fields. We're going to create a sample table and use it to explore the various features.
The simple form of usage (the MATCH() function) is available to all MySQL servers from version 3.23.23, while the more complex usage (the IN BOOLEAN MODE modifier) is available from version 4. The first part of this article looks at the former, and the second part at the latter.
A sample table
We're going to use the following table throughout this tutorial.
CREATE TABLE fulltext_sample(copy TEXT,FULLTEXT(copy)) TYPE=MyISAM;
The TYPE=MyISAM clause isn't necessary unless you've set the default table type to be something other than MyISAM (perhaps you use InnoDB tables to make use of MySQL's transactional capabilities). Once you've created the table, populate it with some data, as follows:
INSERT INTO fulltext_sample VALUES
('It appears good from here'),
('The here and the past'),
('Why are we hear'),
('An all-out alert'),
('All you need is love'),
('A good alert');
If you'd already created an existing table, you can add a FULLTEXT index with the ALTER TABLE statement (as well as the CREATE INDEX statement), for example:
ALTER TABLE fulltext_sample ADD FULLTEXT(copy)
Searching for text
The syntax of a FULLTEXT search is simple. You MATCH the field AGAINST the text you are searching for, for example:
mysql> SELECT * FROM fulltext_sample WHERE MATCH(copy) AGAINST('love');
| copy |
| All you need is love |
Searches on a FULLTEXT index are performed case-insensitively (as are searches on TEXT and non-binary VARCHAR fields generally). So the following works as well:
mysql> SELECT * FROM fulltext_sample WHERE MATCH(copy) AGAINST('LOVE');
| copy |
| All you need is love |
FULLTEXT indexes are most often used to search natural language text, such as through newspaper articles, web page contents and so on. For this reason MySQL has added a number of features to assist this kind of searching. MySQL does not index any words less than or equal to 3 characters in length, nor does it index any words that appear in more than 50% of the rows. This means that if your table contains 2 or less rows, a search on a FULLTEXT index will never return anything. In future, MySQL will make this behavior more flexible, but for now it should suit most natural language uses. If most fields in your database contain the word'music', you probably don't want these records returned, You can use the IN BOOLEAN MODE modifier to get around the 50% threshold, as you'll see in Part 2 of this article.
Results are returned in order of relevance, from highest to lowest.
The main features
 - Excludes partial words
 - Excludes words less than 4 characters in length (3 or less)
 - Hyphenated words are treated as two words
 - Rows are returned in order of relevance, descending
 "a", "a's", "able", "about", "above", "according", "accordingly", "across", "actually", "after", "afterwards", "again", "against", "ain't", "all", "allow", "allows", "almost", "alone", "along", "already", "also", "although", "always", "am", "among", "amongst", "an", "and", "another", "any", "anybody", "anyhow", "anyone", "anything", "anyway", "anyways", "anywhere", "apart", "appear", "appreciate", "appropriate", "are", "aren't", "around", "as", "aside", "ask", "asking", "associated", "at", "available", "away", "awfully", "b", "be", "became", "because", "become", "becomes", "becoming", "been", "before", "beforehand", "behind", "being", "believe", "below", "beside", "besides", "best", "better", "between", "beyond", "both", "brief", "but", "by", "c", "c'mon", "c's", "came", "can", "can't", "cannot", "cant", "cause", "causes", "certain", "certainly", "changes", "clearly", "co", "com", "come", "comes", "concerning", "consequently", "consider", "considering", "contain", "containing", "contains", "corresponding", "could", "couldn't", "course", "currently", "d", "definitely", "described", "despite", "did", "didn't", "different", "do", "does", "doesn't", "doing", "don't", "done", "down", "downwards", "during", "e", "each", "edu", "eg", "eight", "either", "else", "elsewhere", "enough", "entirely", "especially", "et", "etc", "even", "ever", "every", "everybody", "everyone", "everything", "everywhere", "ex", "exactly", "example", "except", "f", "far", "few", "fifth", "first", "five", "followed", "following", "follows", "for", "former", "formerly", "forth", "four", "from", "further", "furthermore", "g", "get", "gets", "getting", "given", "gives", "go", "goes", "going", "gone", "got", "gotten", "greetings", "h", "had", "hadn't", "happens", "hardly", "has", "hasn't", "have", "haven't", "having", "he", "he's", "hello", "help", "hence", "her", "here", "here's", "hereafter", "hereby", "herein", "hereupon", "hers", "herself", "hi", "him", "himself", "his", "hither", "hopefully", "how", "howbeit", "however", "i", "i'd", "i'll", "i'm", "i've", "ie", "if", "ignored", "immediate", "in", "inasmuch", "inc", "indeed", "indicate", "indicated", "indicates", "inner", "insofar", "instead", "into", "inward", "is", "isn't", "it", "it'd", "it'll", "it's", "its", "itself", "j", "just", "k", "keep", "keeps", "kept", "know", "knows", "known", "l", "last", "lately", "later", "latter", "latterly", "least", "less", "lest", "let", "let's", "like", "liked", "likely", "little", "look", "looking", "looks", "ltd", "m", "mainly", "many", "may", "maybe", "me", "mean", "meanwhile", "merely", "might", "more", "moreover", "most", "mostly", "much", "must", "my", "myself", "n", "name", "namely", "nd", "near", "nearly", "necessary", "need", "needs", "neither", "never", "nevertheless", "new", "next", "nine", "no", "nobody", "non", "none", "noone", "nor", "normally", "not", "nothing", "novel", "now", "nowhere", "o", "obviously", "of", "off", "often", "oh", "ok", "okay", "old", "on", "once", "one", "ones", "only", "onto", "or", "other", "others", "otherwise", "ought", "our", "ours", "ourselves", "out", "outside", "over", "overall", "own", "p", "particular", "particularly", "per", "perhaps", "placed", "please", "plus", "possible", "presumably", "probably", "provides", "q", "que", "quite", "qv", "r", "rather", "rd", "re", "really", "reasonably", "regarding", "regardless", "regards", "relatively", "respectively", "right", "s", "said", "same", "saw", "say", "s


text:
Jean Baptiste Colbert (_PHONE_) French finance minister and controller general under Louis XIV; codified commercial, maritime, and colonial ordinances; reformed the French legal system.
The 23 marble relief portraits over the gallery doors of the House Chamber depict historical figures noted for their work in establishing the principles that underlie American law. They were installed when the chamber was remodeled in _PHONE_.
Created in bas relief of white Vermont marble by seven different sculptors, the plaques each measure 28 inches in diameter. The eleven profiles in the eastern half of the chamber face left and the eleven in the western half face right, so that all look towards the full-face relief of Moses in the center of the north wall.
The subjects of the reliefs were chosen by scholars from the University of Pennsylvania and the Columbia Historical Society of Washington, D.C., in consultation with authoritative staff members of the Library of Congress. The selection was approved by a special committee of five Members of the House of Representatives and the Architect of the Capitol.


text: Patent-pending mechanism, the four 'Trébuchet Hammer' can be seen striking on the backside. They devised a dual-axis-system with a special joint on a moveable arm. Upon activation, the hammers are accelerated until they touch a small finger, whereupon a second moveable arm is released, thus helping to accelerate the hammers further shortly before the impact. This method utilizes around 80 percent of the force applied by the spring, whilst traditional hammer systems only deliver a mere 10 to 30 percent of the power originally applied. The watchmakers also fitted a spiral spring for calibration and in this way created an easy method of adjusting the hammers with one screw.


text:
This delightful little box showcases 27 timeless etiquettes from the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad (S), and gets your child to adopt them. Here's how:
Playing miming and charades games SHOW your child the effects of good manners so they can see their effects for themselves.
Active engagement through play means your child is immersed in a positive environment that encourages the best of behaviour and makes it the norm.
Each card has a pair so a memory game can be played to increase the versatility and fun so your child can enjoy continuous learning of polite manners.
A reference game is included for each of the manners so your child can feel the spiritual connection from their newly formed good habits.
There are 27 lofty characteristics presented in this box so your child will have comprehensive coverage of what it takes to become a well-rounded polite individual.
Each card has a vivid illustration and clearly titled cards in both English and Arabic so your child can relate to the context of each manner and gain an instant understanding of its effects.
The cards are produced on thick card which is laminated on one side making them durable for long-term use.
The cards measure 8cm in diameter making them ideal for little hands, yet large enough to showcase each manner.
Some of the manners covered in this game include:
Kindness to parents
Knocking before entering
Surpressing the yawn
Sharing (food and other items)
Starting from the right side


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expand / collapse MeSH information
The large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates which actively disperse and aggregate their pigment granules. These cells include MELANOPHORES, erythrophores, xanthophores, leucophores and iridiophores. (In algae, chromatophores refer to CHLOROPLASTS. In phototrophic bacteria chromatophores refer to membranous organelles (BACTERIAL CHROMATOPHORES).)
expand / collapse publications
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Chromatophores" by people in this website by year, and whether "Chromatophores" was a major or minor topic of these publications.


text:
Decimals: Terminating or Repeating?
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:10:31 From: Seegee Subject: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? How can you tell just by looking at a fraction whether, in decimal form, it will terminate or repeat? My math teacher said there was a way, but I don't see how. Please help.
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:49:23 From: Doctor Greenie Subject: Re: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? Hi, Seegee - If a decimal fraction terminates, then it has a name like one of the following: " ____ tenths" " ____ hundredths" " ____ thousandths" " ____ ten-thousandths"... " ____ millionths"... " ____ ten-billionths"... etc., etc. When you write these numbers as common fractions, what is special about the denominators? The answer to that question should be a big hint toward the answer to your question, but it won't give the complete answer. For example, here are a couple of fractions whose decimal representations terminate but that don't have names from the "infinite" list above: 3/4 (=.75) and 5/8 (=.625). So why do these two have terminating decimals, while a fraction like 1/3 does not? It is because the first two can be written as equivalent fractions with names from the list above, while the fraction 1/3 cannot: 3/4 = 75/100 = seventy-five hundredths 5/8 = 625/1000 = six hundred twenty-five thousandths but you can't write 1/3 = a/10 or = b/100 or = c/1000 or.... where a, b, c, or any other of the numerators are integers. I have still only hinted at the precise answer to your question. If you can't quite figure out the whole answer after studying what I've written, you can find the complete answer in the Dr. Math archives. Click on the "Search the Archives" link on the main Dr. Math page and use "repeating decimal" or "terminating decimal" as the phrase to search for (do not use quotation marks, but be sure to click on the button that makes the search engine look for the entire phrase instead of the individual words). The search will provide you with links to several pages where this question is discussed. - Doctor Greenie, The Math Forum _URL_
Date: 01/26/2001 at 15:32:14 From: Doctor Rob Subject: Re: How to tell if decimals are terminating or repeating? Thanks for writing to Ask Dr. Math, Seegee. The fraction will terminate if and only if the denominator has for prime divisors only 2 and 5, that is, if and only if the denominator has the form 2^a * 5^b for some exponents a >= 0 and b >= 0. The number of decimal places until it terminates is the larger of a and b. The proof of this lies in the fact that every terminating decimal has the form n/10^e, for some e >= 0 (e is the number of places to the right that the decimal point must be moved to give you an integer, and n is that integer), and every fraction of that form has a terminating decimal found by writing down n and moving the decimal point e places to the left. Now when you cancel common factors from n/10^e = n/(2*5)^e = n/(2^e*5^e), it may reduce the exponents in the denominator, but that is all that can happen. - Doctor Rob, The Math Forum _URL_
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Ask Dr. MathTM
© _PHONE_ The Math Forum


text:
spryte (plural sprytes)
- Alternative spelling of
- Archaic or pseudo-archaic spelling of spirit.
- (also Spryte) An off-road vehicle moving on tracks, which is used in amphibious and polar travel.
- (computer graphics, rare) Alternative spelling of (small image representing an entity in a video game)
1995, David L. Needle & Robert Nical, Method for controlling a spryte rendering processor, US Patent _PHONE_:
- A spryte can include scan-lines with no pixels in them, and particular pixels within a spryte can be designated as transparent.