Book Review: "The Only Street in Paris"
Of the 6,100 streets in Paris, the Rue de Martyrs is the only one that matters.
Nestled within the 9th arrondissement of France's capital city, and just below Montmartre, home to Moulin Rouge, is the Rue de Martyrs. In her book, "The Only Street in Paris," former New York Times Paris Bureau Chief Elaine Sciolino describes the everyday occurrences and complexities of life on her favorite street in the city of lights.
Filled with vignettes about food, fashion, and anecdotes from her Parisian life, the book portrays the street as more than just a three-dimensional landscape. Sciolino gives the rue a heartbeat and a life that makes it feel tangible for readers who may have never traveled to the city before. Filled with a non-pretentious grasp on culture, the book frames its themes of individuality and anti-globalization around specific people who call both Paris and the Rue de Martyrs home.
Each chapter begins with a quote. This quote can be from someone profound and innately tied to the French culture like Julia Child, or a simple and youthful like Remy, the rat from "Ratatouille." Each quote is a little preface to what lies within the following few pages. Sciolino is completely aware that her words and ideas on Paris are not the first to be written, spoken, or even sung. Many people have come before her in hopes of explaining their relationship with the city to outsiders. She uses these quotes as a way to acknowledge this, but then goes far beyond them and shows the reader her Paris in a concise, descriptive, and personalized manner.
The books biggest strength is in Sciolino's ability to personify the buildings and businesses on the Rue de Martyrs. The concrete buildings with signs identifying their name and number are no longer just four walls that people live and work in. They have personalities that are enhanced by the people inside. For example, Sciolino focuses one chapter on Marc Briolay, a fishmonger who owned the shop La Poissonnerie Bleue at No. 5 Rue des Martyrs. His shop was a family business that Briolay had been working at since 1978. It was not until financial problems caused by a deteriorating building and a necessary yet expensive investment in an 8,000-euro ice machine happened, that La Poissonnerie Bleue had to come to terms with its financial problems. And yes, it was the building that had to deal with the financial ruin, not the Briolay family. When Marc and his family decided that they had to close the store, there was no pity, no crying, and no party. There was only an announcement written on the board outside the store. Even still, the family's biggest fear was in what type of business would replace them. There was no talk of money or time, or "what will we do now?" The situation was completely focused on "what will the people of the Rue de Martyrs do now?" Who will be there to teach the children about fish? Where will the residents of the street go to buy their fish? If a chain store were to replace their small business, the history and culture tied to small, family run store would be lost as well. Through these little vignettes of people's lives, Sciolino is able to show how the Rue de Martyrs is not just a street; it is her home and the place that defines her Paris.
As a journalist herself, Sciolino's book is part history and part journalism. When discussing the lifestyle and happenings in a famed city, the two go hand in hand. Her journalistic style makes the reader feel as though they are learning about hidden places, although the very locations she is discussing are not hidden at all. They are the restaurants, boutiques, and bars that our eyes glaze over, that Sciolino took the time to learn about and, in the process, has left a little piece of her with each and every one. The history, while necessary, does make the book lag a little bit. To me, reading about churches and monuments in anything other than a travel guide, which is exactly what you are signing up for when you pick up a travel guide, is in essence boring. Even still, reading about these places can only bring you so close to the action. Anyone can talk and know about the history of these sorts of places. In the end, the best way to experience cultural monuments is by seeing them with your own eyes. Sciolino produces mediocre history based chapters when talking about the Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, her favorite church, but redeems herself as she shines in her anecdotal chapters. When discussing the sorts of places that others neglect, like Bistrot 82, the transvestite cabaret at No. 80, or the Circul'Livre bookstore, she draws attention to the locales that the average traveler tends to neglect.
The book is like taking a long walk down a street that you have only ever known in your dreams. The readers may not feel the connection to Paris that she does, but they can relate to the feelings and sentiments Sciolino brings up to a city of their choice. The importance of themes such as fashion and food can be seen in any city from New York to Beijing. Paris just happens to be the backdrop for these themes in this book. Time and time again though, Sciolino shows that the best way to learn about and better understand a city is by defining it in your own terms. The people in her book are united by Paris, but individualized by their personalities. Sciolino herself is an American of Sicilian decent who immigrated to Paris. Despite being an outsider, she shows the reader how one can still be accepted into the culture even if their veins don't flow with pure Parisian blood. Through the explorations of her home, the interactions Sciolino has with Paris form into a relationship and Paris becomes a person.
While Sciolino addresses her love for Paris through the people around her, the underlying themes of globalization and gentrification are ever present throughout the book. Sciolino's style of writing pushes back at those ideas. When discussing how globalization is slowly chipping away at the quintessential Paris, she makes sure not to assimilate Paris through her language. After referencing the name of the business or restaurant, she then refers to each building by its number, an allusion to a European custom that she takes no time explaining. In addition, she uses French words such as patrimoine, loosely meaning heritage, to better describe the world around her when English does not suffice. Since Sciolino is not a native Parisian, these attempts to describe French culture seem genuine rather than condescending or pretentious. When she moved to Paris, Sciolino felt like an outsider herself. By explaining the culture through what she has learned over the years, readers feel like their friend is letting them in on a secret, instead of feeling like a teacher is instructing them. In the end though, the best way to feel accepted into a foreign culture is to find "your place," and for Sciolino this is the Rue de Martyrs.
The Rue de Martyrs is a cocoon of culture surrounded by the ever-expanding influence of globalization and gentrification. Sciolino shows how despite the fact that Paris is rapidly succumbing to the damaging affects of both of these phenomena, the Rue de Martyrs is a place where "there is beauty to be discovered, perhaps even adventure and love."
All Photography by Emily Houston
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Asset Portfolio Management — Using MarketBuilder to Inform Key Decisions
Quantifying portfolio risk/return by analyzing correlations, synergies, intraportfolio competition, and common market prices
Companies build, buy, and otherwise acquire collections of assets, termed a "portfolio." Whether generators in the Florida Reliability Coordinating Council (FRCC) or gas wells in the Haynesville Shale Field, businesses invariably acquire and manage a mix of assets. As energy companies acquire and dynamically manage their asset portfolios, it is common for companies to periodically evaluate their assets in order to decide which ones to sell and which to keep; they also evaluate potential assets to acquire. The objective of this evaluation is to reduce risk and maximize earnings, i.e., referred to here as portfolio management.
The complex and extensive analysis required for portfolio management typically includes many factors for consideration, but it is essential that it include a fundamental market-based approach in order to facilitate analysis of future market behavior and prices. A fundamental market-based approach helps you to project price using inputs of key fundamental factors for which you typically have data and/or a good intuitive understanding, such as production costs and commodity availability.
Alternatively, in nonfundamental approaches, future commodity price is usually the input; future price, typically the most important factor in evaluating your portfolio, is more difficult to understand than the key fundamental factors. With projected price, you are able to determine the profitability of each asset over a forward time horizon, enabling you to make more informed decisions about your portfolio components.
MarketBuilder was designed to help companies perform fundamental market analysis and project market prices. It has many differentiating capabilities that facilitate analyzing markets globally or regionally and altering selected factors to help customers examine the combined effects of potential market changes on the market behavior and prices.
Specifically, MarketBuilder models the supply chains for the energy commodities pertinent to each of your portfolio assets. In MarketBuilder, each component of the supply chains is treated as an independent agent, competing against the others, as they do in real-world markets, helping users to analyze market fundamentals and project prices, and simulating the real market behavior under a variety of potential conditions.
MarketBuilder helps you analyze these key aspects in your portfolio optimization:
- Synergy among assets. MarketBuilder can help you understand the extent that your assets complement each other or compete with each other:
- Positive synergy (e.g., scale economies in a large-enough portfolio that reduces cost for the assets)
- Negative synergy (e.g., competition — if you put two or three assets in one place, they can overload that place and drive prices down)
- Correlation and hedging. MarketBuilder helps you analyze your portfolio correlation, enabling you to "self-hedge" through portfolio decisions rather than merely acquiring financial instruments to hedge; it helps you understand:
- Positive correlation — assets whose profitabilities move up and down together.
- Independence — assets whose profitabilities move independently, one not affecting the other
- Negative correlation — assets whose profitabilities move counter to each other. When one goes up, the other goes down, and vice versa. These can be natural portfolio hedges, much less expensive than buying financial instruments.
- Integration — across supply chains
- Vertical integration (a portfolio that extends up and down the supply chain)
- Horizontal integration (a portfolio that is very wide, invoking economies of scope)
- Economies of scale (e.g., consolidating spare parts inventory over a large number of plants)
- Risk — Return efficiency. MarketPoint uses Markowitz as a conceptual guide as shown in the figure. MarketBuilder helps you to produce the key inputs necessary for plotting each prospective portfolio component and analyzing whether it lies on the "frontier" — the lowest level of uncertainty for each given level of expected value and equivalently highest expected value for each given level of uncertainty.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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|Characterization of Mercury Emissions at a Chlor-Alkali Plant (EPA/600/R-02/007) January 2002
Current estimates indicate that up to 160 short tons (146 megagrams) of mercury is consumed by the chlor-alkali industry each year. Very little quantitative information is currently available, however, on the actual mercury losses from these facilities. The mercury cell building roof vent is considered to be the most significant potential emission point in chlor-alkali plants, especially when the cells are opened for maintenance. Because of their potential importance, chlor-alkali plants need more accurate measurements of mercury emissions.
To obtain a better understanding of the fate of mercury within the manufacturing process, the Olin Corporation. voluntarily agreed to cooperate with EPA in a comprehensive study of the mercury emissions from their Augusta, Georgia, facility. Other members of the Chlorine Institute representing the active chlor-alkali plants in the United States also participated.
To investigate the mercury releases from the Olin chlor-alkali facility, EPA's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, organized a special study involving many organizations and individuals. However, only the research conducted by the division involving roof vent monitoring and air flow studies conducted in the Olin cell building is discussed in this report.
The primary objective of monitoring the cell building roof vent was to determine the total elemental mercury mass flux from the cell building under a range of typical wintertime meteorological conditions, including both normal operation of the cell building and routine maintenance of mercury cells and decomposers. Secondary objectives included performing an air flow mass balance for the building and comparing various mercury monitoring methods under a variety of sampling conditions. Both objectives were met during the February 2000 field sampling campaign, which showed an average elemental mercury emission rate of 0.36 grams per minute from the roof ventilator as determined over the nine-day monitoring period.
You will need Adobe Reader to view some of the files on this page.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Within its overall collection of five million printed volumes, the University of Iowa Libraries holds over 200,000 rare books. It also houses over 15,000 linear feet of manuscripts, unique archival records, hundreds of thousands of documents, photographs, and ephemeral publications, thousands of non-commercial sound recordings, motion pictures, and videotapes, and, increasingly, records "born digital."
While nearly all the printed rare books are represented by records in the InfoHawk catalog, most archival and ephemeral materials are described by "finding aids" which typically describe content folder by folder or container by container. To key word search these finding aids and other information about the collections, all at one time, use this Collection Guide.
Since items in research collections are typically old, fragile, highly valuable, or easily disorganized, they must be retrieved for readers from closed stacks and their use is supervised. Digital phography, scans, and photocopies are generally permitted.
Most research collections reside in the Special Collections & University Archives Department located on the Third Floor of Main Library. Some manuscripts and archives that specifically document the lives and work of Iowa women are located in the Louise Noun-Mary Louise Smith Iowa Women's Archives, also on the Third Floor of Main Library.
To survey and browse these research collections, keyword search using this Collection Guide or go to:
The Rita Benton Rare Book Room Collection,
The John Martin Collection in the History of Medicine,


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You can view the current or previous issues of Diabetes Health online, in their entirety, anytime you want.
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Send a link to this page to your friends and colleagues.
When a woman is pregnant, she needs to produce more insulin than usual because her body is feeding more cells than normal. A hormone, prolactin, which is abundant during pregnancy, causes more pancreatic islet cells to grow in order to produce the extra insulin.
Now researchers from Stanford University have found a protein, called menin, that may block the islet cells from multiplying in response to prolactin. Menin has already been shown to prevent pancreatic cancer by blocking growth of pancreatic cells. That function, to put the brakes on cell growth, may contribute to the insufficiency of insulin that's characteristic of gestational diabetes.
When the researchers gave prolactin to normal non-pregnant mice, their menin levels dropped and their pancreases grew in size, just as if they were pregnant. But pregnant mice, genetically engineered to produce too much menin, couldn't make more islet cells and they developed gestational diabetes.
The scientists believe that prolactin lowers menin levels during pregnancy so that the body can make more islet cells. In cases of gestational diabetes, the menin appears to be unaffected by prolactin. The scientists believe that menin may play a role in diabetes associated with obesity as well, possibly by sabotaging the body's attempt to make more islet cells to serve that extra body weight. They also believe that regulating menin could aid in the effort to grow new islet cells for transplantation.
Sources: Reuters; EurekAlert, November 2007
0 comments - Dec 30, 2007
Diabetes Health is the essential resource for people living with diabetesboth newly diagnosed and experienced as well as the professionals who care for them. We provide balanced expert news and information on living healthfully with diabetes. Each issue includes cutting-edge editorial coverage of new products, research, treatment options, and meaningful lifestyle issues.


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San Francisco's Post Office opened by March 15, 1849 and its first postmark was a
manuscript, used from March 15 to June 20. San Francisco began using a postmarking
device on June 20, the straightline illustrated above, with the date written in
manuscript. Rates were indicated in manuscript until devices were obtained later in
1849. In the early years, there was no need for cancels because there were no stamps
available to cancel until the United States 1851 issue.
Three useful sources exist for classifying San Francisco postmarks, rate marks and cancels:
- The most comprehensive is Mahoney, John M., San Francisco Postal Markings, _PHONE_,
La Posta Monograph Series, Vol. 8, La Posta Publications, Lake Oswego, Oregon, 1992.
Mahoney's book includes tracings of postmarks, killers, rate marks and other
- Also important is Williams, John H., California Town Postmarks, 1849 - 1935, Western
Cover Society, 1997, published by Leonard H. Hartmann, Louisville, Ky. This book deals
exclusively with postmarks and contains numerous tracings as well.
- Third is an article by Friend, Clifford L., The 26mm Double Circle Postal Marking Of
San Francisco, Western Express, Vol XXV, No. 1, January, 1975, p. 11-18. This article is
limited to the double circle postmark introduced at San Francisco in September, 1861.
Friend's work is built upon earlier studies by Stanley Ashbrook. Neither Mahoney nor
Williams does justice to the several varieties of this postmark. Mahoney lists them all
as type 79. Williams lists five types, SAF 590, 600, 610, 620 and 630 but gives little
help for distinguishing them.
The two books have their strengths and weaknesses. Mahoney covers a broader field, but
in the early postmarks, there are some omissions and some of the usage dates are suspect.
He also uses a single tracing to illustrate several similar but distinct styles,
sometimes leading to confusion. Williams's book is in two large volumes, covering the
entire state. The San Francisco postmarks are found in Volume 2, but the explanation
key for his listings is found only at the start of volume 1, so you need to buy two books
to get the San Francisco postmarks with the key to understanding the listings. Williams
includes multiple tracings of the early San Francisco postmarks and has a tracing for
each style. However, some tracings have no discernible differences from other tracings
and I find the explanations sometimes inadequate for distinguishing them. I use both
books, except for the double circle postmarks, where I use Friend's types because neither
Mahoney nor Williams do justice to those postmarks. In this website, I attempt to give
type references used by each author. Only postmarks found on Hawaiian mail are relevant
to our study here so many postmarks used in San Francisco will be omitted intentionally.
Others may exist but I have not recorded them. Please send me
an E-mail (_EMAIL_) with information about other San Francisco pre-1870 postmarks on covers from
San Francisco postmarks are found on most letters arriving from Hawaii, but in this
Period they are rarely found on letters originating on the mainland unless mailed at San
Francisco. The practice of using postmarks on letters transiting the office was some
years in the future. Mail arriving at San Francisco from Hawaii or other Pacific ports
was first entered into the United States mail at San Francisco so the postmark was used
to indicate where the letter entered, rather than merely as a transit mark.
For ease of loading and access, the San Francisco marks are divided into the following sub-pages:


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How will you explain the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Connecticut to your child?
"I recommend trying to limit younger children from hearing too much," said Shelby Children's Clinic Developmental Pediatrician Leslie Richardson. "It's hard for any age to grasp or understand how or understand why anyone does things like this."
The best age to start discussing the shooting would be with fourthand fifth-graders or middle and high school students, she said.
However, Richardson understands children will hear about the shooting, especially since it involves younger children. She suggests explaining the situation in simple terms.
"Maybe say, 'We honestly don't know why people do something like this. They may be sick or have problems that we don't understand,' " Richardson said.
For older children, tell them to try and help out someone if they seem to be having problems.
"If you know someone who seems to be having problems, seems upset or wants to hurt someone, tell someone or try to find them help," she said. "Some people might say alarming things or post something on Facebook."
-- Jessica Pickens


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Increasingly powerful computers using ever-more-sophisticated programs are challenging human supremacy in areas as diverse as playing chess and making emotionally compelling music. But can digital diagnosticians match, or even outperform, human physicians?
The answer, according to a study led by researchers at Harvard Medical School, is "not quite."
The findings, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, show that physicians' performance is vastly superior and that doctors make a correct diagnosis more than twice as often as 23 commonly used symptom-checker apps. The analysis is believed to provide the first direct comparison between human-made and computer-based diagnoses.
Diagnostic errors stem from failure to recognize a disease or to do so in a timely manner. Physicians make such errors roughly 10 to 15 percent of the time, researchers said.
Over the last two decades, computer-based checklists and other fail-safe digital apps have been used to reduce medication errors or streamline infection-prevention protocols. Experts have wondered whether computers might also help improve clinical diagnoses and reduce diagnostic errors. Each year, millions of people use internet programs or apps to check their symptoms or to self-diagnose, but the accuracy of such programs versus physician diagnosis had not been well researched.
In the study, the physicians listed the correct diagnosis first 72 percent of the time, compared with 34 percent of the time for the digital platforms. Eighty-four percent of clinicians listed the correct diagnosis in the top three possibilities, compared with 51 percent for the digital symptom-checkers.
The difference between physician and computer performance was most dramatic in more severe and less common conditions.
Despite outperforming the machines, physicians still made errors in about 15 percent of cases. Researchers say developing computer-based algorithms to be used in conjunction with human decision-making may help further reduce diagnostic errors.
This article was adapted from information provided by Harvard Medical School.


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Use a Henson trust to protect your disabled child's inheritance
Close up of grown up daughter and older mother connecting hands
People with a disability often qualify for disability benefits from their provincial government. The amount they qualify for usually depends on their level of assets or income.
If you have a child with a disability and plan to leave them an inheritance, setting up a Henson trust for them will help to ensure that they do not lose their disability benefits.
A Henson trust is a fully discretionary trust (that is, the trustee has full discretion as to when and what funds are given to the beneficiary) designed specifically to benefit persons with disabilities. The designated trustee manages the trust assets and seeks to protect these assets (typically an inheritance) from being considered as belonging to the disabled person, so that person remains eligible to collect government benefits and entitlements.
A brief history of the Henson trust
In the 1980s, Leonard Henson created a trust in his will for his disabled daughter, Audrey Henson. The trustee had complete discretion on the amount and timing of any payments to Audrey.
The Ontario government tried to disqualify Audrey Henson from receiving her provincial disability benefits because of the money left to her in the testamentary trust.1 In the end, however, the Court of Appeal ruled in her favour. It determined that the trust assets did not belong to Audrey and she had no right to demand anything from the trust. Given this finding, Audrey could still collect government disability benefits.
How a Henson trust works
Because the trustee has full discretion over trust payments to your child, your child's interest in the trust is typically not considered an asset that affects their eligibility for provincial disability benefits. The trustee can use the trust funds to pay for any extras that your child requires, within provincial rules, and can keep the bulk of the trust funds intact for any future needs.
A Henson trust can help you strike the desired balance — maximizing the assistance your money can provide to your child after you are gone, while striving to protect their disability benefits as much as possible. You will have peace of mind knowing that your child will continue to receive appropriate support and benefits after your death.
Benefits of a Henson trust
Setting up a Henson trust for your child has several advantages:
 - allows you to use capital — or other assets, including proceeds of permanent life insurance — to fund the trust
 - allows you to authorize a trustee to pay for things your child requires
 - protects your child's eligibility for future disability benefits by giving the trustee full discretion over trust payments
 - directs the trustee on how to distribute any remaining balance to other beneficiaries at some future point; for example, upon the passing of your child
Choose someone you trust
Your choice of trustee is critical. Make sure this person has the technical ability to manage such a trust, is willing to take the time necessary to assess your child's needs and is available to provide guidance and support. You may wish to consider the benefits of hiring a professional trustee like MD Private Trust Company as sole trustee or co-trustee with a family member. This will ensure that the needs of your child are always the top priority.
Consult with your MD Advisor* to see if setting up a Henson trust is appropriate for your disabled child.
A testamentary trust is created at the time of death of the settlor (in this case, Leonard Henson), as opposed to an inter vivos trust, which is created during the settlor's lifetime.


Al Campbell, Field Editor
June 16th, 2003
The Grand Illusion
By Al Campbell
What is that magic ingredient that makes a fish want to eat an artificial fly? Is it size or color? Does the way a fly floats or the shape of the wings have anything to do with it? Is motion or lack of motion a selling point to the fish? What magical ingredient creates the proper illusion that makes a fish want to munch on your particular offering at that particular time?
Sometimes motion is the key. Motion means life, and fish often drop their defenses when a fly is presented with the proper motion. It might be the erratic motion of a crayfish or the pulse-pause-pulse motion of a dragonfly nymph that sets their hearts to thoughts of feeding. Maybe it's the flash of a fleeing minnow that your fly presents which keys a response, or the illusion of something edible. Could it be the skittering motion of a caddis imitation the fish are waiting for?
I'm a firm believer in the idea of triggers in a fly. By that, I mean the features of a fly or group of flies that trigger a feeding response in the fish we are trying to fool. Those triggers could be size, shape, color or a certain flash that convinces our quarry that the imitation is the real thing. It might be a combination of those things or just one or two key items that sets our imitation apart from the rest. If we want to be more successful, we must discover those triggers and concentrate on those features in our flies.
Several of the flies I have designed that are very successful were designed with those triggers in mind. One example would be my Shrimpf pattern that fools bonefish very well. When I designed it, I didn't have any real bonefish experience, but I did have a lot of successful bonefish flies to examine. I looked for common features in those bonefish flies and extracted what I believed to be the triggers that made them successful. Then I put them in a fly that is easy to tie and easy to fish. It worked.
Elk hair caddis and stimulator flies have a lot of hackle on them. That hackle allows the fly to be skittered across the surface of the water. The insects those flies imitate lay their eggs by flying low above the water and laying their eggs on the fly, or by doing stop and go egg laying. The flight is usually in an upstream direction. While fish will take one of those flies as it drifts downstream in the classic drift, they usually grab it much faster if it is skittered across the surface the way real insects move. In this case, motion is a trigger to success.
How does that apply to hackle? Why do some types of hackle seem to be more productive than others? For instance, why does grizzly hackle seem to be more productive in flies than plain old brown hackle? What is that secret ingredient in grizzly hackle that triggers a feeding response in fish? Could it be the illusion of motion? Does the hackle look like the beating wings of an insect?
When you look at a classic dry fly, something about the hackle seems to create the feeling of motion. This is especially true if the feathers used to hackle the fly have a dark band in their center of if the feather has broken bands of color in its length. Take a good look at a fly that was created with badger hackle or cree hackle and it will look more alive than a fly that has a single colored hackle wrapped around it.
The mix of colors in an Adams dry fly hackle looks more "alive" than it would if the hackle were only brown. A golden badger hackle on an elk hair caddis looks more like it is moving than a ginger or brown hackle would. Why do you suppose we cherish cree hackle with its multi-colored appearance so much? I think it is the illusion of motion that sets our hearts on fire, and I also think the fish sense the same motion we see.
I'm not advocating anything radical here. I just want you to think outside the box for a minute. Is it possible that your dry flies might be more productive if the hackle you use on them looked more like the motion of beating insect wings? Could you maybe add a hackle or change a hackle to create a better illusion of motion in your fly? Am I totally off my rocker?
For a moment, just one tiny moment, consider the idea that your hackle could provide the extra illusion of moving wings. Now consider that a slight change in materials might increase that illusion. It might make all the difference in your catch rate on those tough days when fish are feeding on everything but your offerings. Would a furnace hackle be more productive on your Royal Wulff fly? How about changing the hackle on your Light Cahill to a badger instead of a cream. Would that increase the illusion of motion?
Like I said before, I'm a firm believer in the idea that every successful fly has something in it that riggers a feeding response in the fish. That trigger is a feature that creates the illusion of life to the fish. If you can concentrate on the trigger mechanism in your artificial flies, I'm convinced you'll catch more fish.
Next time you look at a fly you just finished tying, look at the possibility of improving the illusion of motion in the next fly you tie. If you do that, you'll eventually know if I'm nuts or if there is a better way to fool a fish. ~ AC
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? Crochet Echo – Definition and Explanations
Formation and propagation of the hook echo (center echo) in Kansas City, Missouri
L'touch echo is a characteristic signature in the form of low-level reflective echoes of a cloud (A cloud… contains lots of water droplets (or ice crystals)) of the type cumulonimbus (Cumulonimbus, from the cumulus family, is the largest extended cloud…) in the data a weather radar (Weather radar is a type of radar used in meteorology…). related to a mesocyclone (A mesocyclone is an area of more or less vertical rotation in a thunderstorm. It…) one the storm (Storm, from Old French ore meaning wind, a disturbance…) supercellular and often associated with the presence of a tornado (Tornado (derived from the Spanish tornado, tornar, the verb to turn) is a whirlwind…). The presence of this fork is due to the descent of precipitation (rain, hail) and even debris in the downslope behind the storm. around (Autour is the name given by French bird nomenclature (update)…) shooting up in front. It is usually found quadrant (In Euclidean geometry: a quarter of the circumference of a circle (itself divisible by 100…) south (South is the cardinal point against north.) Where Southwest (Southwest is the half direction between the south and west cardinal points. The…) of the system. Its presence correlates so well with the presence of tornadoes that meteorologists National Weather Service (The National Weather Service (NWS) is the weather service of the United States…) Americans will send a tornado warning when it appears on the exits radar (Radar is a system that uses radio waves to detect and identify…). However, its presence is less obvious for low-level tornadoes in severe rainstorms, so it's not the only clue meteorologists will be looking for.
On April 9, 1953, Donald Staggs, a engineer (The main job of an engineer is to solve the problems of nature…) in electricity (It is a physical phenomenon due to different electric charges of electric current…) works for Illinois State Water Survey, was the first to note the hook echo commonly associated with hurricane storms in reflectance results. Mr. Staggs was studying the use of weather radar to estimate the amount of rain falling on his watershed when a tornado hit his watershed. territory (The concept of territory is becoming more and more important in geography and especially…) he said he learned and was able to combine it with the radar output.
Radar echo images showing the horizontal section of the tornado cloud during the May 3, 1999 Oklahoma tornadoes (Source NOAA)
In the low-level PPI radar image at right, radar echoes from the largest tornado that occurred during the tonic episode in Oklahoma on May 3, 1999 can be seen. The hook-shaped area is where the vortex is located. just to the left of the no-precipitation sector (top shot). One might note correspondence (Correspondence is usually an exchange of mail extending over a long period of time. The…) with theoretical diagrams:
- The frontal precipitation kernel corresponds to the reduction of precipitation generated aloft by the airflow;
- The posterior heart is associated with the lower flow of the midlevels.
whom'animation (Animation consists of giving the illusion of motion using a sequence of images. These images…) As the top of the article points out, these hooks have an expiration date life (Life is a given name 🙂 is limited. They depend on the balance between the currents in the cloud and the presence of rotation in this couplet. The boss can only last a few minute (The original form of the document: Law: minute one…is the original) weak tornadoes or more than one hour (An hour is a unit of time. The word also means magnitude…) in constant reformation for long-lived supercells.
In the left part of the image on the left, we can see the horizontal structure of a low-level supercell storm. Areas included blue (Blue (from Old High German "blao" = bright) is one of the three colors…) it shows where it is in this pictureweather (Air is a mixture of gases that make up the Earth's atmosphere. Odorless and…) descends in this type of cloud that gives winds to the ground. Areas in yellow indicate rising air. A section of reflectors in the vertical, right part a vaulted (A vault (or vault) is an architectural element of the interior covering of a house…) allows a strong updraft without echoeshumidity (Humidity is the presence of water or water vapor in the air or in a substance…) air parcels convection (Convection is a method of energy transfer that involves a motion…) only at a very high level of compaction. The latter is in the part that enters the cloud, and the precipitation is in the back part.
On the southern side, we observe that traffic (Traffic (Anglicism: traffic) is the movement of motor vehicles…) rotates between the blue area behind yellow (There are (at least) five definitions of the color yellow, which are roughly the same…) from the top project. Two currents enter communication (An interaction is an exchange of information, influence, or energy between two agents…) and this is where tornadoes can occur. Since the radar only records rain, this surrounds the low-level upstream sector behind and forms a hook.
This fork is not always visible in strong supercells precipitation (In meteorology, the term precipitation refers to ice crystals or…) (HP). The rain (Rain generally refers to water falling in a state…) of these tend to be lower in the upper draw and fill part of the hook. The shape is more like a kidney (The kidney has many functions (hormonal, blood pressure regulation, but above all…) In this case. Newer radars such as NEXRADs and these radars network (A computer network is a set of devices connected to each other to exchange information…) Get Canadian weather radars speed (We notice 🙂 instantaneous raindrops in addition to the precipitation rate. This data (In information technology (IT), data is an elementary description, often…) let 's note everything (The whole, understood as the whole of what exists, is often interpreted as the world or…) allows to fix poor detection of mesocyclone and fork in the storm.


text:
A search for the term "climate change" shows Copenhagen Sumit
A search for the term "famine"
News Globe lets you search the BBC News & Sport website and see the results mapped to the geographic location of the story on an animated globe which can be rotated to enable navigation of the results. It uses a customised RSS feed from BBC News.
This geo-visualization, connects you in a very immediate way to the location of the news story by providing further contextual information about it. For example, if we search for "FIFA World Cup" we find the majority of the BBC news stories originating in Europe or South Africa and very few in North America. So not only has News Globe produced a range of different news topics for us to read, it has also given us an indication of the level of interest in the topic across different cultures.
How to use it
News Globe is available immediately for use, either dive straight in, follow the instructions below, or watch the accompanying video that gives an overview of its different functions. You must have Adobe Flash player installed to use the project, it can be downloaded here.
If you would like to comment or feed back on this visualisation please do so on the blog entry
Launch News Globe //
Video walkthrough //
This video was created with screen capture software and shows the application being used.
How it was built //
The search results are returned in the form of an RSS feed from BBC News.
The contents of the Title tags in the rss xml are then sent off to Yahoo's geocoding API
If any place names are recognised by Yahoo it sends back the longitude and latitude co-ordinates. (It often gets confused and you'll find lots of mistakes, usually placed in North America). We originally tried to create this app using Atom feeds from BBC iPlayer but there were too few place names and Yahoo was making some really bad guesses with the data.
Meanwhile a rotating globe with moon (please don't complain that the moon's position is wrong, it's only there for effect) was created using the Alpha version of Papervision 3D 2 (Great White).
An algorithm converts the Cartesian co-ordinates returned by Yahoo and converts them into spherical co-ordinates and it's then easy to use papervision to plot a marker on the correct spot on the map.
Rolling over the markers give you some information about the news article plotted.
Clicking on the markers will take you to the news article on bbc.co.uk.
While this all looks pretty cool lots of the work was done by other people:
Most notably Mark Waters and his excellent article on Geocoding in Flash. The majority of the Papervision code was taken from his Flex source files.
Credit should also go to the programmers who created Papervision 3d, the authors of the tweener class, the authors of the AS3 tool tips component, the AS3 preloader class written by Marco Di Giuseppe, and _URL_ who created the earth texture map.
What we like about this project is the fact that is uses so many resources from the web (mostly in the form of AS3 classes) and shows how visualisations can be created in a modular way with code from all over the place.
Example XML returned by Yahoo Geocoding API //
This is the XML returned from Yahoo when a sentence containing the word London was was parsed through it.


From Warhammer - The Old World - Lexicanum
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Nippon is a land in the Far East. [2a]
It is a vast land and a weak Emperor has led to the warrior class - the Samurai taking control, exchanging protection for taxes and the right to gather militia as they war against each other. As the Samurai focused on their marital abilities they have grown ever stronger, requiring each settlement to have more and more Samurai defenders. [2a]
There are many orders of Warrior Monks who begin their training at an early age and dedicate themselves to their martial arts, philosophy and theology. Highly trained assassins known as Ninja prey on the unwary, slaying without mercy. [2a]
Nippon trades with the city Marienburg where it has both an recently established embassy [3d] and its own district, Nipponsstad whose inhabitants often work for the Sea Elves of the city.[3b]
Karl den Euwe, a member of the Directorate and married to a noblewoman from Nippon is the principal trader and his house has even adopted the Nipponese symbol for prosperity as its symbol. [3a] The High Elves of Clan Lianllach also trade extensively with the islands.[3c]
What the Empire knows
Located somewhere off the coast of the mainland of the Far East, Nippon is said to be a powerful feudal kingdom, where knights, resplendent in brightly coloured armour made of lacquered wood, enforce a complex and rigid class system. Said to be intensely distrustful of outsiders, they only permit foreigners to travel in their lands rarely. Little else is known about Nippon, though doubtless if the rest of the world is anything to go by, it will be populated by its own unique and deadly monsters and perils.[1]
Units Arquebusier - Ashigaru - Bombardier - Kamikaze Suicide Squad - Magician - Ninja Assassin - Nippon Archer - Nippon Crossbow - Nippon Cavalry - Nippon Cannon - Nippon Mounted Archers - Nippon Mounted Crossbows - Nippon Peasants - Rocket Launcher - Samurai - Samurai Cavalry - Warrior Monk
Characters Katsi Okumoto - Yamayakyuki I
Images - Miniatures


What type of gloves protect you from hazardous chemicals
In chemical experiments, chemical production, and work, people will be exposed to a variety of dangerous chemical supplies, and the hands, as the most direct contact with chemical supplies, have a certain risk. The chemical gloves can avoid this problem very well. So what type of gloves protect you from hazardous chemicals?
Types of chemical gloves:
1. Natural Latex Gloves
Advantages: Good physical performance, a heavy-duty model with good cutting resistance, and excellent flexibility.
Disadvantages: Poor protection against fats and organic compounds, risk of protein allergy.Easy to decompose and age.
2.Nitrile gloves
Low cost, excellent physical performance, good flexibility, and resistance to scratch, puncture, wear, and cutting performance.
Poor protection against many ketones, some aromatic chemicals, and moderately polar compounds.
3.Vinyl Gloves
Advantages: low cost, good physical properties, minimal risk of allergic reaction.
Cons: Organic solvents wash the plasticizer off the gloves, creating "black holes" of different molecular sizes in the glove polymers, which can lead to rapid chemical penetration.
4.PVA gloves
Advantages: Very strong, high chemical resistance; Good physical properties, with good resistance to scratch, puncture, wear, and cutting performance.
Disadvantages: Decomposes quickly in contact with water and light alcohols. Less flexible than many other chemical-resistant gloves; Costs are high.
5.Neoprene gloves
Advantages: good chemical resistance.Excellent chemical resistance to oil, acid (nitric acid and sulfuric acid), alkali, a wide range of solvents (such as phenol, aniline, ethylene glycol), ketone, refrigerant, cleaning agent.Medium physical properties.
Disadvantages: hook resistance, cutting, puncture, wear resistance than nitrile rubber or natural rubber. Not recommended for use in aromatic organic solvents, the price is higher.
6. Butyl rubber gloves
Advantages: Good flexibility and excellent corrosion resistance to intermediate polar organic compounds such as aniline and phenol, glycol ethers, ketones, and aldehydes.
Disadvantages: poor protection against non-polar solvents including hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and fluorinated hydrocarbons; Costs are high.
7.Leather gloves
Advantages: too cold, heat, spark splash, wear, cut, puncture can carry out general protection
8.Cloth gloves
For general protection
Selection of gloves for chemical experiments
The proper choice of gloves and the correct use of gloves are directly related to the health of the hands. The following points should be noted in the process of selection and use:
1. Choose gloves with sufficient protective effect;
2. Before use, especially disposable gloves, check whether the gloves have holes or damage, abrasion, especially between the fingers;
3. Do not throw away contaminated gloves at will during use;
4. When taking off gloves, we must pay attention to the correct method to prevent the harmful substances contaminated by gloves from contacting the skin and clothes, causing secondary pollution;
5. Do not share gloves. Sharing gloves can easily cause cross-infection.
6. Wash your hands before putting on gloves, and wash your hands after taking off gloves, and apply some hand cream to supplement the natural protective oils;
7. Heal or cover the wound before wearing gloves to prevent bacteria and chemicals from entering the bloodstream;
8. Do not ignore any skin erythema or itching, dermatitis, and other skin diseases, if the hands appear dry, itching, bubble, etc., consult a doctor in time.
9. For better protection effect, you can choose to wear two kinds of gloves at a time, TPE gloves + latex gloves; Vinyl gloves + nitrile gloves.Cloth gloves + butyl rubber gloves, etc.
Contact: Mr. Chen
Phone: 0086-_PHONE_
Tel: 0512-87961814
Whatsapp: 0086-_PHONE_


text:
and facilitators in dialogue called the LARA method: Listen, Affirm, Respond, and Affirming inquiry. This means that, regardless of what someone has shared, facilitators should model deep listening for connection and understanding. They should affirm the contribution, which is categorically different from expressing agreement or approval; affirming the contribution means, at a minimum, acknowledging the speaker with thanks or by paraphrasing what they have said to confirm understanding. In my interpretation, it is an expression of trust in the speaker: that they have integrity, that they are good enough to want to learn from their errors and intelligent enough to do so. Only after affirming, according to the LARA method, should the facilitator (or participants) respond to the actual content of the contribution; here, disagreement, correction, or pushback can be expressed. The final step, affirming inquiry, involves sharing one's own perspective and inviting others to share their own, to ensure mutuality and equal vulnerability.
- Testimonials. "In intergroup dialogue," Hicks writes, "we write testimonials in order to reflect on the impact that our membership in various social identity categories has had on our lives" (59). Testimonials are written with the understanding that they will be shared with the group. In this way, I suggest, "dialogue" expands beyond the merely oral and can continue asynchronously in written form. Testimonials can be integrated into dialogue in many ways, but I also suggest that it is powerful to offer a testimonial (or any other form of statement) without any response other than, perhaps, affirmation. bell hooks mentions using testimonials in Teaching to Transgress; Story Circles, as a dialogic model, is also based on oral testimony of a sort. Hicks identifies four parameters of a good testimonial that can be shared with students (I have paraphrased them here):
- It is a specific story of something that has happened to you.
- You are willing to share it.
- You remember it well enough to write about it.
- It focuses on an incident related to a particular social identity, but other social identities intersect and may be mentioned also.
One In-Depth Activity: How I Got Here: A Testimonial
This activity borrows the notion of the testimonial and refers to Dori Laub's seminal work on the topic of testimony and the need for an "addressable other" to stress the relational nature of testimony. Rather than introduce the testimonial as part of the "exploring social identities" stage of the intergroup dialogue process, however, as Introduction to Intergroup Dialogues does, I have designed this activity to be done in the first stage of relationship-building and dialogue skills development. Rather than speak to their experiences related to a particular social identity, students are asked to craft a narrative of "how they got here," for the principal purpose of affirming everyone's unique pathway to the university and right to belong, as well as practicing the critical dialogic skill of deep listening. The prompt itself takes inspiration from the Blanton Museum's digital video resource "Belonging," which could be included in this testimony activity. In leaving "how I got here" fairly open to interpretation as a prompt, I also intend the activity as a kind of assessment to gauge how students are (and aren't) already thinking about (their) privilege, regardless of which identity positions they occupy. It strikes me that a great deal of the friction I am feeling with privilege discourse in these readings has to do with the way it is so (necessarily) generalized; this activity allows instructors (and participants!) to become aware of and responsive to the actual people in the room, where they come from, and how they are thinking and feeling. It also grounds an ongoing discussion of privilege and oppression related to various social identities in the one privilege everyone in the room is almost guaranteed to share, which is the privilege of a college education at (in UT's case) a top-ranked, selective institution. Awareness of the privilege of being college students, spending part of their days in high-minded dialogues for the purpose of their own economic, social, intellectual, or moral betterment, is, in my mind, a good starting point from which to begin to empower students as critical agents.
The dialogue that follows the testimonial sharing should ask questions that prompt critical self-reflection such as:
- Now that you have listened to others' testimonies, what do you notice about the approach you took in your own? Was your tone defensive, proud, shamefaced, apologetic, or something else? Did you focus on yourself as an individual or make a lot of reference to your family, your community, or your identity? Why do you think that is?
- What did others express awareness about regarding their own history and journey that you did not? What did you express awareness about that others did not?
- Why do you think I asked you to do this activity? What do you feel has been the result, for you personally or for the group as a whole?
Next Week... We will be reading Democratic Dialogue in Education: Troubling Speech, Disturbing Silence (by Megan Boler, 2004).


How do I create a W-3c?
Creating a W-3c
 1. Click on the Payer List button.
 2. Choose the payer.
 3. Click on Add Form.
 4. Choose W-3C from the Form Name drop down menu.
 5. Fill in the necessary fields on the form.
 6. Click Save.
Previewing Copy A of the W-2c
 1. Create a W-2c in the Recipient List. For steps on how to do this, see the How do I correct a W-2 form? article.
 2. Close the Payers & Recipients screen.
 3. Click on the Print button.
 4. Choose W-2 Forms.
 5. Click OK.
 6. Choose the W-2C from the Select return box on the left.
 7. Choose Copy A from the Select copy listbox.
 8. Click on Print or Preview.
 9. When the form is completed printing, or the print preview is closed, a message will appear that reads "A new W-3C form is available on the Manage Payer screen.".
 10. Click OK.
 11. Close the Print screen.
 12. Click on the Payer List button.
 13. The W-3C will be listed in the Form List.
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05 January 2017
cis_1From our earliest times, the need for light has been central to our needs as humans. Letting light into a cave or crude structure allowed its inhabitants to better perform tasks and navigate their surroundings, alerting them to the day's cycle and keeping them in sync with it – something that we now understand is vital to human health and emotional health and wellbeing.
In England pre 16th century, most windows were of stone or timber construction with unglazed openings that could be covered in various ways: oiled cloth, paper, shutters, or even thin sheets of horn. Glazed windows were reserved for those buildings of the highest stature, and they were generally small panes of glass set in lead strip latticework. With the 16th century came the Tudor dynasty and a greater degree of prosperity. Windows became larger, and more prosperous households used window size and extravagance as a means of displaying their wealth. While glazed windows were still rare in smaller, more humble homes, their use was definitely on the rise.
Windows framed with ovolo moulding, usually decoratively carved with egg-and-dart, was popular during this time. Image: hand-carved egg and dart moulding, Mark Bridges Carvers & Guilders
In the 17th century Europe, the Italian Renaissance had a strong influence on window shape; a trend that would make its way to England. Windows became taller than they were wide and were often divided into four by a mullion and transom. As timber frames came into fashion, the mullion and transom became narrower and glazing was placed near-flush with the exterior window face – allowing for larger glazed areas with less visible frames.
The sash window was also introduced in the 17th century as a result of the introduction of crown glass. However, because crown glass was so expensive to produce, the most popular type of window remained casement with leaded glazing. However, over the 18th century, sash design evolved, glazing bars became thinner, and window size became more standardized, with the six over six being the most common arrangement.
cis_3The 19th century brought with it some experimentation in an effort to move away from simple grid-style arrangements. This included narrow margin lights that were often filled with coloured glass. Glazing bars also took on a curved shape to mimic Gothic design. Advancements in glass making meant window size also began to grow. The existence of plate glass meant that fewer glazing bars were needed, and improved manufacturing methods meant that glazed windows were more affordable.
Also notable for this century was the rise in popularity of two window styles: Arts and Crafts and Queen Ann. Arts and Crafts brought with it a return to leaded lights set in timber or stone mullions, while Queen Ann favoured sash windows painted white, usually with the bottom sash being single paned whilst the upper sash featured several smaller panes. By the end of the century, the differences between the two styles blurred, and it became common to see both styles within the same building and sometimes within the same window.
Queen Ann and Arts and Crafts stylings continued to evolve into the 20th century. In housing estates, design became simplified while public buildings favoured windows that imitated late 17th and early 18th century stylings. All of this was in conjunction with the rise of the modernist window, which was a "crisp", simplistic, functional piece manufactured using the very latest in technology.
When glass was discovered in Roman-occupied Egypt, it wasn't only used for decoration but to form small panes that were then set into those openings.
cis_4The use of glass itself goes back to our earliest history, where obsidian – a form of natural glass created by sand melting in the intense heat of a volcano and distributed during an eruption – was used to make spear tips. The existence of manmade glass can be traced back to 4000 BC, where it was used as glazing for stone beads. The first glass container is believed to have been made around 1500 BC. It was constructed by adding a layer of molten glass to a core made of sand.
From 100 BC, glass blowing was the most popular way to make glass containers. The glass produced during this century was poorly suited for window applications because the impurities in the raw materials made it densely coloured. However, by the end of the first century AD, colourless glass was being produced.
During the years of Roman domination, the secret to making glass was closely-guarded. It wasn't until the fall of the Roman Empire that the skill became accessible to wider Europe and the Middle East.
The first evidence of a glass industry in Britain dates back to 680 AD in the area around Wearmouth and Jarrow in the North of England. By the 1200s, the industry had spread to include areas around the Weald, Surrey, Sussex and Chiddingford.
Glass in windows
cis_5When glass was discovered in Roman-occupied Egypt, it wasn't only used for decoration but to form small panes that were then set into those openings. When Rome occupied Britain, they brought glass making with them.
To make window glass, the Romans started with a long balloon of blown glass. They cut off the ends and split the resulting cylinder into two. The half cylinder
would be placed on an iron plate and flattened. This manufacturing process meant that openings were limited to a small size, but that changed in the 17th
century when, in England, a process for making large panes of glass was discovered.
Unfortunately, this breakthrough didn't benefit the English when it came to windows in their homes because, in 1696, William III introduced a "window tax". People were required to pay between two and eight shillings a year, depending upon the number of windows in their houses, and many bricked over their windows in order to avoid the charge. (William's window tax is where the term "daylight robbery" originates from.) The tax remained in place for 156 years, with the levy-free window allowance going from 10 to six and then to eight. The tax was finally repealed in 1851.
Polished plate glass was introduced to Britain in the late 18th century; however, the production process was so expensive that it was only used for windows in the best rooms of larger, more expensive homes.
cis_6When, in 1834, a cylinder sheet process for glass-making was imported from Germany, Britain was able to produce higher quality glass in larger sheets far less expensively than previously-used methods. That combined with the withdrawal of the window tax meant that the price of glass was greatly reduced and more people could afford to have windows in their homes. This included opaque glass which, by 1888, was primarily patterned and produced by machine rolling.
In 1903, laminated glass was introduced, which greatly increased safety and allowed for wider use of much larger panes of glass. Laminated glass could also be glazed as a single sheet, without the need for glazing bars.
The 20th century brought a plethora of new techniques for mass production, which led to cheaper ways to consistently produce higherquality glass in increasingly larger sizes. The glazing technique introduced, and still widely used today, was the float process – where molten glass floats on a bed of molten tin whilst the top surface is polished usingpressurised nitrogen. Double glazing was introduced in the late 20th century as means to improve energy efficiency in homes.
Window glass through the ages
Slab glass
The earliest form of glass, slab glass was made by pouring molten glass onto a flat surface.
Broad or cylinder glass
Broad or cylinder glass is an 11th century German invention that made its appearance in the UK during the early 1200s. It consists of glass that was blown to form a bubble, which was then cut into a cylinder shape, reheated, and flattened into sheets. The result was a highly imperfect glass that provided a distorted view through a green tint.
Crown glass
cis_7This glass was introduced to England in 1674 and remained popular until the 1830s. Also a blown glass, crown glass was blown into a bubble which was pierced by a rod and then spun to form a disk. The glass was cooled and then cut into panes. The centre piece, where the rod was attached, was usually discarded, although you occasionally see panes of that type in older homes. Crown glass was finer and clearer than broad glass. Although crown glass provided a less distorted view than previously produced window glasses, it still had a slight ripple to it.
During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, crown glass was produced alongside the cylinder type, but it was eventually pushed out of production and the technique for making crown glass was lost. Today, the closest one can get to crown glass is cylinder glass.
Cylinder sheet glass
In a method similar to creating broad glass, cylinder sheet glass starts its life with the same blown glass technique but then the cylinder was swung in a trench to increase its size. As with broad glass, this larger cylinder is then cooled and cut before being reheated and flattened. As well as allowing larger panes to be made, the resulting product also provides a superior surface quality compared to broad glass.
Cast glass
Cast glass is a product of the late 17th century and created by pouring molten glass into a mould. The cast glass process is used for multiple purposes, including creating glass sculptures and mirror glass. Because the process is labour intensive, in glazing applications cast glass is typically reserved for statement windows – often including a texture or design.
Drawn glass
Invented by Em


text:
From the always interesting and illumination site, Just Thomism:
…our contemporary sexual ethic wants sexual activity to continue to give personal identity, but apart from the procreative power that generates actual persons with concrete relations, social and cultural structures, language communities, etc. Sexual activity can now fulfil or actualize one's identity simply by having an orgasm, as though the genitals magically summon up identity like a genie from a lamp. At times there seems to be more than this – early trans activists in the 90's spoke of wanting to re-establish hereditary lines and family structures to produce new sorts of families, but one gets the sense that if we sobered up and started taking the connection between sexual activity and family seriously it would be hard to avoid heteronormative – perhaps even Augustinian conclusions. It's not as if anyone is in doubt over what kind of human sexual activity creates families as lines of descent from a common ancestor.
You can read the rest here: Two first principles of sexual ethics


text:
to calculate and frequently used. The Kakwani formula for the variance of P0, the head count index, is [P.sub.0](1 - [P.sub.0])/(n - 1), where n is the sample size. The formula for all other variance estimates of the FGT indices is ([P.sub.2[alpha]] - [P.sup.2.sub.[alpha]].)/(n - 1). The primary disadvantage of the Kakwani estimates is that they assume the sample was collected using a simple random draw from the population.
As noted in the introduction, using the Kakwani standard errors when the data were collected from a multistage sample design results in a large underestimate of the true sampling variance. The strategy used in this paper to estimate the design-corrected estimates of sampling variance is to first derive exact estimates for the poverty measures, and then to address the issue of sample design. An advantage of the FGT class of poverty indices in this context is that they are additively decomposable de·com·pose
v. de·com·posed, de·com·pos·ing, de·com·pos·es
1. To separate into components or basic elements.
2. To cause to rot.
1., a characteristic that greatly simplifies deriving exact estimates of the sampling variance of the poverty measures. To illustrate this, consider any income vector y, broken down into M subgroup sub·group
1. A distinct group within a group; a subdivision of a group.
2. A subordinate group.
3. Mathematics A group that is a subset of a group.
tr.v. income vectors, [y.sup.(1)],..., [y.sup.(m)]. Because P is additively decomposable with population share weights, it can be written as
(2) [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION A group of characters or symbols representing a quantity or an operation. See arithmetic expression. NOT REPRODUCIBLE re·pro·duce
v. re·pro·duced, re·pro·duc·ing, re·pro·duc·es
1. To produce a counterpart, image, or copy of.
2. Biology To generate (offspring) by sexual or asexual means. IN ASCII ASCII or American Standard Code for Information Interchange, a set of codes used to represent letters, numbers, a few symbols, and control characters. Originally designed for teletype operations, it has found wide application in computers. ]
where n is the sample size, [n.sub.j] is the size of each subgroup, and z is again the poverty line. By treating each observation as a subgroup, the estimate of poverty is the weighted mean of the individual-specific measures of poverty and the sampling variance of the poverty measure is the variance of this mean, or
(3) [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]
where i subscript is the individual.
The next step is to incorporate the sample design information, which typically requires that the researcher has access to not only unit record data, but also data identifying the characteristics of the sample design. In the case of the CPS data, the sample design information that identifies the strata and primary sampling units (PSUs), has been censored cen·sor
1. A person authorized to examine books, films, or other material and to remove or suppress what is considered morally, politically, or otherwise objectionable.
2. from the public-use files to maintain respondent In Equity practice, the party who answers a bill or other proceeding in equity. The party against whom an appeal or motion, an application for a court order, is instituted and who is required to answer in order to protect his or her interests. confidentiality. To compensate for the missing design information, the U.S. Bureau of Census (2000, Appendix C) provides detailed notes on how to approximate design-corrected standard errors for a limited set of poverty estimates. An important shortcoming short·com·ing
A deficiency; a flaw.
a fault or weakness
Noun 1. of this method is that parameter (1) Any value passed to a program by the user or by another program in order to customize the program for a particular purpose. A parameter may be anything; for example, a file name, a coordinate, a range of values, a money amount or a code of some kind. estimates are only provided for the head count index; there are no corrections provided for any other measures of poverty. (15)
In addition to the issue that the Census does not provide sample-design corrections for either the poverty-gap or squared poverty-gap indices, there is the additional problem that the recommended method appears to be significantly less precise for nonmetro-metropolitan comparisons. The proposed correction for all nonmetropolitan statistics provided by the U.S. Bureau of Census (2000, Appendix C) is to multiply mul·ti·ply
1. To increase the amount, number, or degree of.
2. To breed or propagate. the design-correction coefficients by 1.5. The implication of this correction is that for all statistics the ratio of the design effects for metropolitan to nonmetropolitan areas is constant. Another factor likely to affect the accuracy of this correction is that it has not been updated in the last 20 years, whereas the design-correction coefficients for all other characteristics are frequently updated. (16)
Given that the Census-recommended method does not provide corrections for the sampling variance of [P.sub.1] and [P.sub.2], and that the adjustment factor for nonmetropolitan areas appears to be a rough approximation approximation /ap·prox·i·ma·tion/ (ah-prok?si-ma'shun)
1. the act or process of bringing into proximity or apposition.
2. a numerical value of limited accuracy., I abandoned this method. Instead, I followed an approach based on replicating aspects of the CPS sample design by creating synthetic variables for the strata and clusters that induce in·duce
1. To bring about or stimulate the occurrence of something, such as labor.
2. To initiate or increase the production of an enzyme or other protein at the level of genetic transcription.
3. similar design effects. A more detailed description of the approach, and simulation results suggesting that it provides useful approximations, are provided in Jolliffe (2001).
The first step of the synthetic design approach for this analysis of poverty is to sort the data by income. (17) Then each set of four consecutive housing units is assigned as·sign
tr.v. as·signed, as·sign·ing, as·signs
1. To set apart for a particular purpose; designate: assigned a day for the inspection.
2. to a separate cluster. The purpose of the sorting is to induce a high level of intracluster correlation, and the choice of four matches, on average, the actual CPS cluster size. I select the four regions of the United States as synthetic strata to capture the geographic aspect of the CPS stratification stratification (Lat.,=made in layers), layered structure formed by the deposition of sedimentary rocks. Changes between strata are interpreted as the result of fluctuations in the intensity and persistence of the depositional agent, e.g.. The Appendix provides a summary table from Jolliffe (2001) illustrating that the synthetic design approach matches the estimates provided by the Census Bureau Noun 1. Census Bureau - the bureau of the Commerce Department responsible for taking the census; provides demographic information and analyses about the population of the United States
Bureau of the Census for the head count index.
With the selection of the synthetic strata and clusters, one can then directly obtain design-corrected estimates of sampling variance based on Equation 3. Following Kish Kish, ancient city, Mesopotamia
Kish, ancient city of Mesopotamia, in the Euphrates valley, 8 mi (12.9 km) E of Babylon and 12 mi (19 km) east of the modern city of Hillah, Iraq. (1965) and noting from above that [P.sub.[alpha]] can be considered a sample mean, the estimated sampling variance of the FGT poverty indices from a weighted, stratified, clustered sample is given by
(4) [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]
where the h subscripts each of the L strata, i subscripts the cluster or PSU PSU - power supply unit in each stratum stratum /stra·tum/ (strat'um) (stra'tum) pl. stra'ta [L.] a layer or lamina.
stratum basa'le, and j subscripts the ultimate sampling unit (USU USU Usually
USU Utah State University (Logan, UT)
USU Uniformed Services University
USU Ural State University (Ekatherinburg, Russia)
USU Universidade Santa Úrsula ), so [w.sub.hij] denotes the weight for element j in PSU i and stratum h. The number of PSUs in stratum h is denoted by [n.sub.h], and the number of USUs in PSU (h, i) is denoted by [m.sub.hi]. (18)
Nonmetro-metropolitan Poverty Comparisons
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there is more to be learned about the difference between nonmetropolitan and metropolitan poverty than by what is revealed in an analysis of the incidence of poverty ([P.sub.0]). The incidence of poverty is insensitive in·sen·si·tive
1. Not physically sensitive; numb.
a. Lacking in sensitivity to the feelings or circumstances of others; unfe


text:
Where: Rice University Computer Science Department, Corporate Affiliates Meeting 2006
When: October 5, 2006
In our experience with developing production programs in Java,
unit testing has proven effective in assuring the reliability of code with a single thread of control. Unfortunately, unit testing has proved much less effective in assuring the reliability of code with multiple threads of control, often simply because the JUnit testing framework silently ignores failures in auxiliary threads. Java libraries and user programs frequently make assumptions about the threading context in which they execute, but these assumptions are rarely enforced by the actual code and typically only appear in program documentation. Since thread scheduling is non-deterministic, a unit test can succeed on one run and fail on the next, or repeatedly succeed on one platform and occasionally fail on another.
To improve test-driven development for concurrent programs, we are developing
- an extension of the JUnit framework, actively supporting the developer by treating tests that could silently ignore failures in auxiliary threads as test errors;
- a lightweight annotation language, which can be used to specify and check the threading properties of both existing and new code; and
- a testing framework that can execute unit tests according to a specified set of recorded or generated schedules, elevating the unit testing of concurrent programs to a rigorous, deterministic process.


text:
Driving on Slick or Icy Roads
Harris County, Texas – The Harris County Office of Homeland Security & Emergency Management (HCOHSEM) reminds motorists that when temperatures reach at or just above 32-degrees, a thin layer of water on the roads and highways can turn to slick ice, making for dangerous driving conditions.
HCOHSEM offers the following driving tips to motorists traveling slick or icy roads:
- Know your vehicle and how it operates. Not all cars respond the same to slippery roads. Knowing how to handle your vehicle and how it responds in various weather conditions is important.
- Always maintain a good distance from vehicles in front of you. The most important thing to remember when driving on slick roads is that you must travel, steer and brake more slowly than usual.
- Recognize Danger Zones:
- Intersections -- Slow down before reaching an intersection. Scan all directions for cars and pedestrians.
- Curves -- Reduce speed before entering a curve.
- Bridges – Ice forms on bridges and freeways so reduce speed and use precaution.
- Non-working traffic signals should be treated as stop signs.
- Never brake while driving on ice. If you are approaching a patch of ice, brake during your approach. Applying pressure to your brakes while on ice will only throw you into a skid.
- Finally, always buckle up and use extra caution when driving in slick or icy conditions.
You can monitor road conditions at the Houston TranStar Web site _URL_ or the Texas Department of Transportation Web site _URL_


Onna Bugeisha, the Japanese Female Warrior
Onna Bugeisha with a Katana and the traditional weapon used by them, the Naginata.
"An onna-bugeisha (女武芸者?) was a type of female warrior belonging to the Japanese upper class. Many wives, widows, daughters, and rebels answered the call of duty by engaging in battle, commonly alongside samurai men. They were members of the bushi (samurai) class in feudal Japan and were trained in the use of weapons to protect their household, family, and honour in times of war. They also represented a divergence from the traditional "housewife" role of the Japanese woman. They are sometimes referred to as female samurai, although this is an oversimplification. Significant icons such as Empress Jingu, Tomoe Gozen, Nakano Takeko, and Hōjō Masako are famous examples of onna bugeisha."
-Wikipedia _URL_
Photo from _URL_


text:
created 2001 · complexity basic · author Yegappan · version 5.7
To insert space characters whenever the tab key is pressed, set the
With this option set, if you want to enter a real tab character use Ctrl-V key sequence.
To control the number of space characters that will be inserted when the tab key is pressed, set the 'tabstop' option. For example, to insert 4 spaces for a tab, use:
'expandtab' option is set, all the new tab characters entered will be changed to spaces. This will not affect the existing tab characters. To change all the existing tab characters to match the current tab settings, use:
To change the number of space characters inserted for indentation, use the'shiftwidth' option:
For example, to get the following coding style,
- No tabs in the source file.
- All tab characters are 4 space characters.
use the following set of options:
:set tabstop=4 :set shiftwidth=4 :set expandtab
Add the above settings to your vimrc.
Since tabs effectively group spaces together, you may be tempted work with tabs than spaces and change individual lines selectively. To easily change a tab-based indent to use spaces instead when 'noexpandtab' is set, you can temporarily set 'expandtab' and use
:retab with a range. For example, to convert only the current line to use spaces, use
- Super retab to change only indents (whitespace at left margin)
- Highlight unwanted spaces to display unwanted whitespace
To turn off expandtab for editing makefiles, put the following in your vimrc:
autocmd FileType make setlocal noexpandtab
To use this mode only for Python add the following to your vimrc:
autocmd FileType * set tabstop=2|set shiftwidth=2|set noexpandtab autocmd FileType python set tabstop=4|set shiftwidth=4|set expandtab
This is what I use for Python:
autocmd BufEnter *.py set ai sw=4 ts=4 sta et fo=croql
I also add the following line:
set softtabstop=4 " makes the spaces feel like real tabs
This makes the backspace key treat the four spaces like a tab (so one backspace goes back a full 4 spaces).
It is possible to get vim to insert at the "true" start of the line with soft tabs, if you have:
I change these so frequently that I have keystrokes bound to switch between them:
" That awful mixed mode with the half-tabs-are-spaces: map \M :set noexpandtab tabstop=8 softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 " Mini tabs, small "m": map \m :set expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 " Think "little tabs" and "big tabs": map \t :set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 map \T :set expandtab tabstop=8 shiftwidth=8
I use this to insert spaces at the beginning of a line and real tab characters elsewhere:
inoremap =(col('.') > (matchend(getline('.'), '^\s*') + 1))?'':''
If you're trying to figure out how it works and are confused by the thing: = asks for an expression, and the expression is entered as if it was typed, then the return value of the expression is inserted as if it too was typed - so, we want to insert , but if we just entered that into the expression, it would be converted to before the expression is executed - so, we have to enter into the expression, which will be converted to before the expression is executed, which will then become in the actual file.
I also remapped Shift-Tab so I could easily insert real tabs at the beginning of the line when necessary:
inoremap
Or (surely there is a better way?):
" make tab do tabs at beginning and spaces elsewhere function VaryTabs() if &expandtab return "\" else let nonwhite = matchend(getline('.'),'\S') if nonwhite < 0 || col('.') <= nonwhite return "\" else let pos = virtcol('.') let num = pos + &tabstop let num = num - (num % &tabstop) - pos +1 return repeat(" ",num) endif endif endfunction inoremap =VaryTabs()
Nice plugin: script#2308


Reasons Must Be able to Withstand Emotions
Reasons Must Be able to Withstand Emotions
Reasons Must Be able to Withstand Emotions – Maybe you have read similar or similar articles, but this article is different because we have taken it from reliable sources, here are the reasons you should be able to hold your emotions.
Everyone does have a different level of patience. Do you have a high enough level of patience? If not, this should be practiced immediately. Remember that many things are annoying enough in this world that you need to be patient.
If you still don't know the importance of practicing patience, try reading the following explanations so that there is an inner desire to change. Listen carefully, yes!
1. Remember that life is really hard
Everyone must have the same perspective regarding the hardships of living in this world. Life is tough, your job as a human being is to train your adaptability. One of the things that must be trained is the ability to remain patient.
If you can be patient in facing various kinds of obstacles, believe that everything will work out fine. That's because you can accept whatever happens gracefully.
2. Sometimes whatever you expect is not what you expected
You must have a lot of dreams to fulfill, right? This is certainly a challenge for you to fight for it. Besides that, you also have to be able to prepare yourself to be patient when your expectations don't match your expectations.
Therefore it can be concluded that you need to practice patience. The more often you are patient, then anything that is burdensome is definitely not too heart-consuming.
3. You will meet people who have different thoughts
Don't you realize that everyone has a different perspective in seeing a phenomenon? When differences arise, sometimes you will tend to feel hurt because you do not agree with his words and actions.
But remember that it is irreversible and absolute. All you can do is be patient in dealing with all these differences.
Also Read:The Influence of the Environment on Child Development
4. Remember that patience is the key to success
Previously we mentioned that everyone must expect a success. If you want to achieve this, sometimes you need extra patience. This patience will help you to smooth the path of struggle.
Train the strength of your heart from now on so that later you can survive despite the many ordeals that come without stopping.
5. With the habit of being patient, you will be a wise person
Everyone is required to be wise in dealing with everything. This wisdom will certainly appear within you if you are used to being patient. You will definitely be a legowo person in the face of various obstacles.
You will also understand the fact that the reality of life is really bitter. With patience, you will be able to accept whatever it is without complaining.


text:
An artist's conception of what the surface of an ocean planet.
Ocean planets are a type of planet whose surface is covered completely by water. The oceans would be hundreds of kilometers deep and at the bottom, water would become ice because of extreme pressure caused by the ocean water on top.
An artist's conception of an ocean planet.
GJ 1214b is a recently discovered ocean planet that is ~42 Light-years away from Earth.
- ↑ Ocean Planets on the Brink of Detection
- ↑ Link


text:
August 13, 2016 12:59:56 pm
A new study says that students who receive more negative attention from teachers, experience increases in problems with emotional regulation, concentration and disruptive behaviour.
The researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia also found that teachers gave Afro-American students and students who received free or reduced lunch more negative attention than other students.
"Finding an efficient, accurate and consistent way to observe teachers' interaction with students is important, not only for educational research, but also for evaluating and coaching teachers," said researcher Wendy Reinke.
"Student-teacher interaction is important because students will repeat actions if those actions garner attention. If a teacher gives attention to a student for prosocial behavior, such as praising them for good work, then the student is more likely to do similar good work in the future. If a teacher gives attention to a student for problem behavior, such as reprimanding them for disrupting the class, the student also may be more likely to repeat this behavior–especially if this is the only way to get a teachers' attention," she added.
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The observational model developed by Reinke and her fellow researchers is called the Brief Student-Teacher Classroom Interaction Observation (ST-CIO) model and features a five-minute observation developed to quickly assess teacher interactions.
Classroom observers can use the ST-CIO to monitor short student-teacher interactions to determine the nature of those interactions (positive or negative) and is efficient enough to allow observers to make note of teacher interactions with every student in the classroom in a relatively short period of time.
In their study, Reinke and her team used the ST-CIO to observe 53 teachers and 896 students in K-3 classrooms. They found that their observational method allowed them to capture nuanced interactions that were consistent with previous research.
She said this model can help researchers more efficiently study student-teacher interaction, as well as serve as a tool for principals.
"We have shown that this method is an effective and efficient tool for researchers. However, the method is very simple to practice and could provide principals doing classroom observations or coaches and consultants working with teachers with a tool to observe teachers and give them consistent, valuable feedback. This feedback can be helpful to provide teachers with awareness of how they interact with students. This will help teachers learn to direct positive attention toward students with whom they may be having regular negative interactions," Reinke further said.
The study has been published in Assessment for Effective Intervention.
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text:
Posted by Lewis on May 17, 2004
In Reply to: Re: Hammer posted by R. Berg on May 16, 2004
: : : : Doe the phrase *Hammer something into someone* mean to force someone to to remember something by repeating it, and therefore equivalent of *cramming*?
: : : : thanks
: : : Yes and no. It does mean to repeat something forcefully and frequently. "Cramming" doesn't contain that element of repeating, repeating, repeating...
: : Isn't "hammering" something in akin to learning by rote?
: : Cramming is last-minute desperate learning as practiced by college students the night before a test.
: To hammer something into someone can mean to repeat the point forcefully with the goal of having the person take it seriously (e.g., obey a rule of behavior), not necessarily the goal of simply having the person remember it. Cramming is confined to learning facts, and students do it themselves. One doesn't cram somebody else.
it's a metaphor based on DIY/carpentry - if you 'hammer home' a nail, you knock it all the way in and if a lesson is 'hammered home' then that means that the importance has been strongly emphasised and the person learning has taken it in in the same way as a piece of wood takes a nail
- when a nail has been hammered home it cannot easily be removed. there is an implication of a lack of subtlety on the part of the teacher.


Are you fed up with the amount of money the IRS takes every year? Fine, but that doesn't mean you can stop paying them. Intentionally refusing to pay is tax evasion, and it's not a solution to the problem.
What is Tax Evasion?
Tax evasion is deliberate underpayment or non-payment of taxes. Any person, corporation or organization who evades paying taxes is engaging in illegal action. This is a federal offense under the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax code and punishable by law. Tax evasion can apply to all types of taxes, including income tax, sales tax, employment tax, and other federal, state and local taxes. Don't be fooled into thinking you'll get away with non-payment by failing to submit your tax forms, because if it can be proved you did it intentionally you will be on the hook.
Difference between Tax Fraud, Evasion, and Avoidance
Tax evasion and tax fraud are two sides of the same coin. Tax evasion is a type of tax fraud, and it is usually easier to prove a taxpayer willfully avoided making tax returns than they planned to criminally defraud government. As a result, it carries lower penalties and has slightly more wiggle room (a.k.a. benefit of the doubt), but the margin is small.
If tax evasion is deliberately avoiding paying Uncle Sam what's legally due, then what exactly is tax avoidance? These sound similar and they are, except tax avoidance is a legal action. It refers to lawful reduction of the amount of taxes paid using IRS-approved criteria. Some ways of doing this include:
 - Legitimate tax deductions, which taxpayers offset against business expenses to lower taxes payable.
 - Taking advantage of IRS-approved tax credits offered as encouragement for actions such as improving environmental friendliness of a home or business.
 - Making use of acceptable tax shelters such as 401 (k) plans to postpone payment of taxes.
Avoiding unnecessary taxes is legal, and your accountant or tax consultant will help you find ways to reduce your tax bill.
The Consequences of Tax Evasion
Breaking the law has consequences, whether intentional or not. Tax evasion cases are typically prosecuted by federal or state agencies, depending on the law that has been violated. An individual convicted of felony tax evasion could be fined up to $250,000, or receive a prison sentence of up to 5 years. For a corporation, the fine could be up to $500,000.
The punishment depends on the value of the tax evasion, as well as issues such as whether you carried out multiple counts of evasion, received income from criminal sources, or used sophisticated techniques to commit the felony. Some offenders receive probation sentences lasting between 1 and 3 years, which can be extended if they violate the terms and conditions of the sentence. In other words, it's not a walk in the park!
Defense Options Against Tax Evasion
Defending yourself against tax evasion charges can take most of the same formats used in criminal defenses:
 - You can claim you made a mistake about declaring some of your income or the date by which your returns were due, but you'll need to be able to provide some evidence to back up your story. At the same time, the prosecuting agency will have to disprove the story, which may be difficult and could result in charges being dismissed if they can't.
 - You can claim insanity or entrapment, but once again will have to provide some evidence to support your claim. If more than 6 years have passed since the alleged evasion, you might be able to use the statute of limitations as a defense.
 - If you relied on a professional who failed to submit your taxes, as long as you can prove that you provided them with the information you may be able to use that in your defense.
Don't wait until you can't see the light at the end of the tunnel. If you think you might be facing tax evasion charges, the sooner you contact Top Tax Defenders, the better you'll sleep at night.
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