5 Questions About: Oral History in Southeast Asia: Memories and Fragments
We ask authors of books reviewed in Oral History Review to answer 5 questions about why we should read their books. In our latest installment of the series, Loh Kah Seng discusses Oral History in Southeast Asia: Memories and Fragments.
Jessica Martucci's review of Oral History in Southeast Asia: Memories and Fragments is available online and in issue 47.1 of OHR.
What's your book about and why does it matter?
The book contains contributions from Southeast Asia, a diverse region where oral history work is still not widely known, and where it often (but not always) contends as fragments against dominant state narratives.
How does oral history contribute to your book?
The volume draws upon oral history fieldwork in Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, and deals with memory politics among a varied group of Southeast Asians: workers, communists, rebels, massacre survivors, villagers, and former leprosy patients.
Kah Seng Loh, Stephen Dobbs, and Ernest Koh (eds). Oral History in Southeast Asia: Memories and Fragments. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013.
What do you like about using oral history as a methodology?
In an academic sense, oral history in the region is incredibly rich and capable of disturbing dominant narratives. But it does not always do so, possessing a sometimes ambivalent relationship to power. Speaking about the past in the context of Southeast Asia—a bundle of nation-states with conflicted recent political and social histories—is both rewarding and challenging work.
Why will fellow oral historians be interested in your book?
Southeast Asia offers interesting ways to understand oral history in the context of decolonization, the Cold War and counter-insurgency, rapid industrialization, and medicalization of the state. Our book is a small (and old) one, and hopefully will spur further regional perspectives and trans-regional comparisons on oral history.
That oral history remains relevant and valuable today in many places in the world, particularly due to some of its original impetus, namely the relationship between memory, power and social change.


The oldest slave cemetery on the Atlantic Ocean has been found at Santa Maria de Guia, an archeological site located on one of the Spanish Canary Islands off the northern coast of Africa, Telesur reported Tuesday. By using the DNA recovered by radiocarbon data, a team of eight international researchers was able to date the remains of 14 men and women found buried at the site all the way back to the 15th and 17th centuries, according to an American Journal of Physical Anthropology study.
Archeological evidence signified that the slaves were brought to the site, located next to an ancient sugar plantation, from Northern Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Researchers pointed to the fact that the remains had indeed belonged to slaves after finding evidence of "funerary practices that could be related to enslaved people."
Forensic studies on the corpses revealed that most of the slaves died in their 20s. Evidence of injuries discovered on the remains caused researchers to believe that they were subjugated to "a pattern of labor involving high levels of effort."
Roughly 12 million slaves were forcefully taken across the Atlantic through the infamous route known as the "middle passage" after European imperialists colonized Africa between the 16th and 19th centuries. Those individuals were often kidnapped or sold by leaders from their own native tribes throughout Africa and then forced to work on agrarian plantation throughout the newly discovered Americas. Of the approximately slaves who survived the arduous journey across the Atlantic and ended up on the shores of the Canary and Caribbean islands and South America, Brazil received 2.86 million Africans slaves between 1525 and 1866, while roughly 450,000 Africans were sent to the United States.
Slavery was abolished in the United States after the ratification of the 13th amendment on Dec. 6, 1865.
There are still between 30 to 45 million people enslaved across the world, with India having roughly 18 million, China having 3.4 million and Pakistan having 2.1 million, according to a 2013 report from Freedom Walk, an organization aimed at ending contemporary slavery practices based in Western Australia.


be used in most syntactical roles. However, by the Middle Aramaic period, its use for nouns, but not adjectives, had been widely replaced by the emphatic state.
 2. The construct state is a form of the noun used to make possessive phrases (for example, kṯāḇaṯ malkṯâ, 'the handwriting of the queen). In the masculine singular it is often the same as the absolute, but may undergo vowel reduction in longer words. The feminine construct and masculine construct plural are marked by suffixes. Unlike a genitive case, which marks the possessor, the construct state is marked on the possessed. This is mainly due to Aramaic word order: possessed[const.] possessor[abs./emph.] are treated as a speech unit, with the first unit (possessed) employing the construct state to link it to the following word. In Middle Aramaic, the use of the construct state for all but stock phrases (like bar-nāšâ, "son of man") begins to disappear.
 3. The emphatic or determined state is an extended form of the noun that functions a bit like a definite article (which Aramaic lacks; for example, kṯāḇtâ, "the handwriting"). It is marked with a suffix. Although its original grammatical function seems to have been to mark definiteness, it is used already in Imperial Aramaic to mark all important nouns, even if they should be considered technically indefinite. This practice developed to the extent that the absolute state became extraordinarily rare in later varieties of Aramaic.
Whereas other Northwest Semitic languages, like Hebrew, have the absolute and construct states, the emphatic/determined state is a unique feature to Aramaic. Case endings, as in Ugaritic, probably existed in a very early stage of the language, and glimpses of them can be seen in a few compounded proper names. However, as most were short final vowels, they were never written, and the few characteristic long vowels of the masculine plural accusative and genitive are not clearly evidenced in inscriptions. Often, the direct object is marked by a prefixed l- (the preposition "to") if it is definite.
Adjectives agree with their nouns in number and gender but agree in state only if attributive. Predicative adjectives are in the absolute state regardless of the state of their noun (a copula may or may not be written). Thus, an attributive adjective to an emphatic noun, as in the phrase "the good king", is written also in the emphatic state malkâ ṭāḇâ—king[emph.] good[emph.]. In comparison, the predicative adjective, as in the phrase "the king is good", is written in the absolute state ṭāḇ malkâ—good[abs.] king[emph.].
"good" masc. sg. fem. sg. masc. pl. fem. pl.
abs. ṭāḇ ṭāḇâ ṭāḇîn ṭāḇān
const. ṭāḇ ṭāḇaṯ ṭāḇê ṭāḇāṯ
det./emph. ṭāḇâ ṭāḇtâ ṭāḇayyâ ṭāḇāṯâ
The final in a number of these suffixes is written with the letter aleph. However, some Jewish Aramaic texts employ the letter he for the feminine absolute singular. Likewise, some Jewish Aramaic texts employ the Hebrew masculine absolute singular suffix -îm instead of -în. The masculine determined plural suffix, -ayyâ, has an alternative version,. The alternative is sometimes called the "gentilic plural" for its prominent use in ethnonyms (yəhûḏāyê, 'the Jews', for example). This alternative plural is written with the letter aleph, and came to be the only plural for nouns and adjectives of this type in Syriac and some other varieties of Aramaic. The masculine construct plural,, is written with yodh. In Syriac and some other variants this ending is diphthongized to -ai.
Possessive phrases in Aramaic can either be made with the construct state or by linking two nouns with the relative particle d[î]-. As use of the construct state almost disappears from the Middle Aramaic period on, the latter method became the main way of making possessive phrases.
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For example, the various forms of possessive phrases (for "the handwriting of the queen") are:
 1. Kṯāḇaṯ malkṯâ – the oldest construction: the possessed object(kṯāḇâ, "handwriting") is in the construct state (kṯāḇaṯ); the possessor (malkâ, "queen") is in the emphatic state (malkṯâ)
 2. Kṯāḇtâ d(î)-malkṯâ – both words are in the emphatic state and the relative particle d[î]- is used to mark the relationship
 3. Kṯāḇtāh d(î)-malkṯâ – both words are in the emphatic state, and the relative particle is used, but the possessed is given an anticipatory, pronominal ending (kṯāḇt[â]-āh, "handwriting-her"; literally, "her writing, that (of) the queen").
In Modern Aramaic, the last form is by far the most common. In Biblical Aramaic, the last form is virtually absent.
The Aramaic verb has gradually evolved in time and place, varying between varieties of the language. Verb forms are marked for person (first, second or third), number (singular or plural), gender (masculine or feminine), tense (perfect or imperfect), mood (indicative, imperative, jussive or infinitive) and voice (active, reflexive or passive). Aramaic also employs a system of conjugations, or verbal stems, to mark intensive and extensive developments in the lexical meaning of verbs.
Aspectual tense[edit]
Aramaic has two proper tenses: perfect and imperfect. These were originally aspectual, but developed into something more like a preterite and future. The perfect is unmarked, while the imperfect uses various preformatives that vary according to person, number and gender. In both tenses the third-person singular masculine is the unmarked form from which others are derived by addition of afformatives (and preformatives in the imperfect). In the chart below (on the root K-T-B, meaning "to write"), the first form given is the usual form in Imperial Aramaic, while the second is Classical Syriac.
Person & gender Perfect Imperfect
Singular Plural Singular Plural
3rd m. kəṯaḇ ↔ kəṯaḇ kəṯaḇû ↔ kəṯaḇ(w)/kəṯabbûn yiḵtuḇ ↔ neḵtoḇ yiḵtəḇûn ↔ neḵtəḇûn
3rd f. kiṯbaṯ ↔ keṯbaṯ kəṯaḇâ ↔ kəṯaḇ(y)/kəṯabbên tiḵtuḇ ↔ teḵtoḇ yiḵtəḇān ↔ neḵtəḇān
2nd m. kəṯaḇt ↔ kəṯaḇt kəṯaḇtûn ↔ kəṯaḇton tiḵtuḇ ↔ teḵtoḇ tiḵtəḇûn ↔ teḵtəḇûn
2nd f. kəṯaḇtî ↔ kəṯaḇt(y) kəṯaḇtēn ↔ kəṯaḇtên tiḵtuḇîn ↔ teḵtuḇîn tiḵtəḇān ↔ teḵtəḇān
1st m./f. kiṯḇēṯ ↔ keṯḇeṯ kəṯaḇnâ ↔ kəṯaḇn eḵtuḇ ↔ eḵtoḇ niḵtuḇ ↔ neḵtoḇ
Conjugations or verbal stems[edit]
Like other Semitic languages, Aramaic employs a number of conjugations, or verbal stems, to extend the lexical coverage of verbs. The basic conjugation of the verb is called the ground stem


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The Nevada Department of Education (NDE) fulfills three types of requests for information:
- Public records requests: documents that are prepared, used, or maintained by NDE in the course of governing or performing a governmental function.
- Education records requests: records directly related to a student and maintained by NDE (meaning the record contains personally identifiable information about a student)x
- Data Requests: collections of numeric or other information not otherwise contained in public or education record.
If you have a general inquiry that is not a request for information as defined above, please contact NDE receptionist at _PHONE_ for further assistance.
Before submitting a formal request for information, all requesters are expected to check the following public data sources to see if the data may already be available:
- Nevada Report Card: detailed information (including downloadable datasets) about each Nevada school and district, including assessment results, student demographics, teacher qualifications, student safety, parent involvement and much more.
- Nevada School Performance Framework (NSPF): information about the Nevada school ratings and classifies schools within a five-star performance rating system.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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NAD is so important to cellular combustion that the mitochondria try to maintain a 700 to 1 ratio of NAD to NADH. The reason why it can be difficult to maintain this ratio is that each time NAD is used in one chemical reaction in the mitochondria, it gets converted to NADH. In order to maintain the ratio just mentioned, it has to be quickly converted back to NAD and oxygen does this. In some cases, it is just not happening fast enough, thus the dysfunction. This is where ozonides come in. Once in the mitochondria, they oxidize NADH back to the potent NAD by borrowing an electron from this molecule. In a sense, the ozonides truly jump start this process and can help reverse mitochondrial dysfunction before it becomes mitochondrial decay and possibly irreversible damage. This is all very relevant to anyone wanting to lose weight or who deals with fatigue. When you increase cellular combustion, especially the oxidizing of fats while resting, weight loss will naturally result and fat will become energy. But ozone is damaging to the body some uniformed people might assert. It is a free radical, isn't it?
For more information on Oxygen Therapies visit _URL_


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Soil & Terroir
With so much geographic variety, the Chilean landscape also offers a vast mosaic of terroirs and soil types.
Soils are healthy, well-drained, and have a variety of origins (alluvial, colluvial, fluvial, etc.) and textures (loam, clay, sand, silt).
Despite the relatively dry atmospheric conditions, abundant water for irrigation flows from the eternal ice caps of the Andes Mountains that tower all along Chile's eastern border.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Definitions for "CORPORATION"
An ingenious device for obtaining individual profit without individual responsibility.
A body politic or corporate, formed and authorized by law to act as a single person, and endowed by law with the capacity of succession; a society having the capacity of transacting business as an individual.
A legal entity properly registered with the secretary of state. Can have limited liability, perpetual life, freely transferable shares, and centralized management.
Keywords: bulmer, kevin, commodore, sega, amiga
Corporation (Cyber-Cop in North America) is a computer game for the Atari ST and Commodore Amiga, later ported to the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis. It was developed for Core Design and Dementia Productions by Bill Allen with graphics and design by Kevin Bulmer. The Sega version was published by Virgin Games.
The Corporation is a nightclub in Sheffield, England. Originally based in the north of the city centre, near Castle Market, it moved to the former Unit nightclub in the Devonshire Quarter in the early 2000s and currently resides on Milton Street.
Keywords: delecti, corpus
Corpus Delecti
( inclining to a) respectable gentleman who is growing what, in a working man, would be called a beer belly.
Keywords: paunch, slang, terms
slang terms for a paunch
Corporation refers to all different kinds of fraternities and sororities worldwide.
The condominium plan is registered with the Alberta Land Titles office and this results in an administrative body being created. Membership is made up from the owners.
A complete schedule is available upon request. Compiled list names and addresses derived from directories, newspapers, public records, retail sales slips, trade show registrations, etc., to identify groups of people with something in common.
municipal authorities, municipal government
Keywords: grains, research, development
Grains Research and Development Corporation
A very large company
For income tax purposes, this term includes associations, trusts that have a majority of corporate characteristics, joint stock companies, and insurance companies.


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Physiotherapy at Hasselberg Physiotherapy Practice Berlin
Range of treatments provided by physiotherapist Sabine Bianca Hasselberg
Physiotherapy is the treatment of medical conditions, deformations, the effects of injuries as well as functional disorders related to posture, movement, internal organs and the nervous system.
Physiotherapy is also prophylactic and preventive healthcare. Its primary purpose is to restore mobility and achieve freedom from pain. Its secondary aim is to teach and train activities and movement patterns for everyday life. It uses non-invasive treatments and is often prescribed as part of a medical diagnosis.
The range of treatments offered by Sabine Bianca Hasselberg:
- Treatment for spinal disorders
- Treatment of herniated disc
- Physiotherapy for chronic back pain
- Manual therapy
- Sports physiotherapy
- Medical training therapy
- Emergency back pain service


Sounding "mature"
What is a mature vocal sound?
In resonance-based styles such as those related to most classical singing, singers sometimes try to sound "more mature". Some teachers encourage this. It is a mistake.
Maturity is something that is earned with time and action. It is something that happens, not something you can pick up in a hurry. The voice must be free, and able to do the functional things that are required of it, but making it sound like something that it is not is not good for singing.
In classical singing, one of the goals is maximum resonance. In a word, it is about loudness, but not just any kind of loudness. The sound is amplified by the vocal tract in such a way as to project in a large space, sometimes over/with many other instruments. This requires some tuning and shaping of the vocal tract, and a laryngeal suspension that is low enough to get the right shape to enhance the resonance. The resonance adjustments must not compromise the function of the voice in regards to flexibility, range, and clarity of vowels.
Consider substituting the term "optimal resonance" for "mature sound". As you age, your resonance will probably sound more mature all by itself. But if it remains relatively youthful sounding, learn to love that. There is no need to manufacture darkness by stiffening the tongue, consciously lowering the larynx as far as it will go, or other means that may change the color, but not add to function or projection.
Yes, it is true that classical singing requires a lower larynx than other styles, but whether that lower place is the same or lower than the resting position will vary from person to person. People's necks, throats, and oral cavities are unique. They won't maximize resonance in exactly the same way.
If you sing in genres other than classical, similar advice applies. Don't rush to sound old and interesting! The sound you hear from mature artists is earned by lots of experience. They probably sounded young once too.
If you enjoy this blog, consider grabbing a copy of Sane Singing: A Guide to Vocal Progress, available in print and ebook!
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Case Report | Open Access
Avoiding the Trap of Misdiagnosis: Valuable Teaching Points Derived from a Case of Longstanding Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES), a condition predominantly affecting young individuals, is a rare clinical entity that can result in significant morbidity. The presence of lower limb pain and claudication in young, physically active individuals should prompt consideration for PAES. Early diagnosis and management is crucial to prevent long-term complications; however, diagnosis is fraught with challenges due to the rarity of the disease and its similar clinical presentation with more common conditions. We present a case of a young female with PAES who was misdiagnosed and underwent a tarsal tunnel release for suspected tarsal tunnel syndrome and subsequent fasciotomies for presumed chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) without any relief. We outline the insidious undiagnosed course of her condition over a period of 12 years, discuss teaching points of how to recognize key differences of PAES and associated conditions, and provide recommendations for how to make the right diagnosis.
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES), a consequence of aberrant positioning of structures surrounding the popliteal artery within the popliteal fossa, may present due to a variety of anatomical differences. The classification scheme is summarized in Table 1.
Classically, the condition affects young men and those individuals who are highly physically active, including military personnel and long-distance runners [1, 2]. Prolonged exercise causing hypertrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle is commonly the mechanism behind the accelerated development of symptoms in these patients [1, 2]. PAES can also present in a congenital form, occurring secondary to errors in embryological development of the extremities leading to gross anatomical abnormalities. In the context of these demographics, consideration of PAES in the female population can be overlooked. We present a case of a young female with PAES and its insidious undiagnosed course over a period of 12 years.
2. Case Report
A 30-year-old female presented following a fall during a workout session, when her leg "gave out." As an avid runner, she noted progressive worsening of her daily activities and exercise intolerance due to pain, numbness, and a burning sensation in her right lower extremity, symptoms that had been present for 12 years. She worked as a physical therapist and while assessing her pulse a decreased ankle-brachial index was noted. She had a history of a tarsal tunnel release 14 years ago for presumed tarsal tunnel syndrome followed by a four-compartment fasciotomy for supposed chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) 10 years ago.
Physical exam of the right leg demonstrated a normal femoral pulse, while the popliteal pulse was absent with diminished posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses. Tenderness to palpation was elicited overlying the right tibia.
Radiographs showed no evidence of a fracture. A duplex ultrasound demonstrated normal triphasic waveforms extending from the right superficial femoral artery caudally to the proximal popliteal artery. Distally, the native popliteal artery was not clearly identified. Multiple collaterals within the popliteal fossa were visualized (Figure 1). CT angiography (CTA) of the lower extremities showed complete occlusion of the proximal right popliteal artery with significant reconstitution of flow distally from robust collateral vessels (Figure 2). A band of soft tissue density was visualized anterior to the right popliteal artery just distal to the occlusion, suggestive of a fibrous band contributing to the occlusion (Figure 3). A 3D volume reconstruction obtained from axial source CTA images showed occlusion of the right popliteal artery with adjacent collaterals (Figure 4). The imaging and clinical findings correlated with PAES type IV.
Based on these findings, the entrapment was not amenable to endovascular repair with minimally invasive techniques. Vascular surgery recommended right popliteal artery entrapment release coupled with popliteal-to-popliteal artery bypass and right lower extremity venous mapping. The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscles were split to expose the distal aspect of the popliteal artery. Small fibrous bands were removed off the popliteal artery followed by insertion of a bypass graft (Figure 5). Flow to the distal limb was excellent demonstrated by palpable pedal pulses on exam. Follow-up three weeks later showed palpable dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses bilaterally, and a follow-up Duplex ultrasound of the right lower extremity revealed a patent bypass graft. The patient noted resolution of her original symptoms of lower extremity burning and numbness.
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a rare clinical entity affecting young individuals, causing symptoms of vascular compromise. Delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis occurs commonly as patients lack vascular risk factors that would otherwise predispose them to symptoms associated with atherosclerosis and claudication. Furthermore, PAES may often be subclinical in nature, and the prevalence of the condition may be deflated due to underreporting [5, 6]. As PAES predominantly affects young men [7–9], reaching a diagnosis in a female patient may prove to be more challenging, as demonstrated by this case, which remained undiagnosed for more than 12 years.
One of the challenges faced in diagnostic medicine is differentiating disease processes that overlap in clinical presentation. In the case of PAES, its clinical presentation and patient population closely mirror those of CECS; both conditions predominantly affect young, well-conditioned, physically active individuals who present with exercise-induced claudication or paresthesia [10–13]. However, key differences exist that may help distinguish the two: patients with PAES tend to be older than CECS patients, present with unilateral pain, are less likely to have elevated compartment pressures, and are far more likely to test positive during entrapment screening studies. In the case of this patient, although she presented with symptoms at an earlier than expected age, measured compartment pressures were normal, the pain was unilateral, and four-compartment fasciotomy failed to provide resolution of symptoms. Thus, in such cases, PAES should be considered with further workup pursued.
Obtaining a good history of symptom onset and exacerbations along with a proper physical exam assessing lower extremity pulses can aid in diagnosis. Doppler ultrasonography is a useful inexpensive and noninvasive initial investigation to suggest the diagnosis [14, 15]. However, Doppler US without the use of provocative maneuvers can result in false negatives [11, 15]. Imaging in a relaxed position, as well as in resisted plantar flexion, or imaging after exercise once the symptoms are redemonstrated can improve sensitivity and decrease false negatives [15, 16]; however, this may result in false positives, so clinical correlation becomes extremely pertinent. In the present case, manipulative maneuvers were not performed. The findings of prominent collaterals in the popliteal fossa in conjunction with poor visualization of the native popliteal artery on ultrasonography, along with the absence of the distal popliteal pulse, raised concerns for PAES.
Further testing can be done with CTA. MRI/MRA also helps to evaluate the vasculature, delineate the surrounding musculature, and provide an alternative for patients with contraindications to CTA [14–20]. This can assess the degree of pathology, assist in preoperative planning, and help to rule out conditions with similar clinical presentation such as cystic adventitial disease. Some studies recommend provocative testing with MRI/MRA and CTA imaging in resisted plantar flexion to increase sensitivity, especially when functional PAES is suspected.
The insidious course of PAES may have serious long-term ramifications in an otherwise healthy individual. The abnormal anatomy of the popliteal fossa can produce continual compression of the popliteal artery, causing endothelial damage resulting in the formation of aneurysm, thrombosis, or embolism. Any of these sequelae in a patient can trigger ischemia and potentially threaten limb viability. Early intervention is essential to adequate patient care. Once accurate diagnosis is established, long-term surgical outcome has shown to be excellent in reported patients.
Also in consideration is gender predilection of PAES towards males. Further investigative efforts should be geared towards discovering the underlying etiology as to why this disease manifests with a higher incidence in males. The overall incidence of PAES in the general population has been reported to be between 0.17% and 3.5%, with up to 85% of patients diagnosed clinically being males [23–25]. We postulate that confounding variables exist that skew the demographics: the number of cases of PAES in the female population is likely underreported as symptoms may be subclinical or misdiagnosed as CECS, which has a predilection for females [10, 22]. As participation of women in military training and rigorous sports continues to rise, we anticipate seeing an increase in the incidence of PAES in the female population.
Diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is fraught with difficulty due to the rarity of the condition and its overlap with other more common diseases. Awareness of key characteristics along with appropriate use of imaging modalities greatly increases the likelihood of making the proper diagnosis. Timely diagnosis is extremely important, both for symptom management and to avoid long-term morbidity. PAES, though predominantly affecting males, should also be considered in young females presenting with a history of exercise-induced claudication.
Conflicts of Interest


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An iterative finite difference beam propagation method based on the Crank-Nicholson scheme is presented to simulate continuous wave (CW) second-order nonlinear effects in optical waveguides with the depletion of the pump wave taken into account. This method is an extension of the linear finite-difference beam propagation method and preserves the same order of accuracy. Comparisons with the previously published explicit finite difference beam propagation method and the rectangular approximation method are presented. Quasi-phase matched difference frequency generation in AlGaAs and quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation in LiNbO3 are considered in the evaluation, showing that one iteration for the IFD-BPM is sufficient for the simulation with good accuracy and without increasing much computation time.
[IEEE ]PDF Article


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- Posted November 29, 2012 by
KIFISSIA, ATHENS, Greece
This iReport is part of an assignment:
POLYHEDRAL STRUCTURES by Panagiotis Stefanides
by Panagiotis Stefanides
POLYHEDRAL STRUCTURES BY 2 ORTOGONAL TRIANGLES FORMATED BY USE OF 4 LINES,IN GEOMETRICAL RATIO TO EACH OTHER, REPRESENTING THE "TRACES" OF THE 4 CLASSICAL [ TIMAEIC PHILOSOPHY] ELEMENTS PRE-EXISTING THE PRIMORDIAL UNIVERSE.
First BASIC SOLID the interpreted proposal of the "SOMATOIDES"
[Panagiotis.Stefanides's interpretation.] :
leading to the structure of a model GREAT PYRAMID :
via which the Icosahedron and the other Polyhedra are structure:
Panagiotis.Stefanides's interpretation.
PHOTOS Presented to various Conferences National and International.
ROOT GEOMETRIES STRUCTURING THE ICOSAHEDRON THE OTHER BASIC POLYHEDRA AND THE GEOMETRIC FORMS RELATED TO THEM
*Eur Ing Panagiotis Chr. Stefanides BSc(Eng)Lon(Hons) MSc(Eng)NTUA CEng MIET
8, Alonion St., Kifissia, Athens, GR-14562
Tel: ++302108011291, E-mail: _EMAIL_
Under Root Geometries Structuring the Icosahedron, the other Basic Polyhedra and the Geometric Forms Related to Them, we refer to the basic geometric configurations which, as this theory contemplates, are necessary for the progressive mode of formation of the five polyhedra, via lines, areas and volumes.
The Root Geometries are two configurations of triangles. A Special one, the Quadrature Scalene Orthogonal Triangle [Author's interpretation of the Timaeic Most Beautiful Triangle] with sides [T^3], [T^2] and [T^1] in geometric ratio T, which is the square root of the golden ratio[ Φ], and the Isosceles Orthogonal Triangle, with its equal sides [T]. The surface areas of these triangles are taken perpendicular to each other and in such, naturally, defining an X, Y, and Z system of coordinate axes. In so, the coordinates of the first are [0,0,0,], [0,0,T^2], [T,0,0] in the X-Z plane, and those of the second are [0,0,0,], [T,0,0], [0,T,0] in the X-Y plane. A line from [0,T,0] to [0,0,T^2],creates the same Scalene Triangle in the Y, Z plane.
Arctan [T] is the Scalene angle [θ] of the Special Triangle with the property that the product of its small side by its hypotenuse is equal to the square of its bigger side: [T^1]*[T^3] equal [T^2]^2 [Quadrature].
Using a pair of the Special Scalene Triangle, and a pair of a Similar Kind of Triangle [Constituent of the Special] with sides 1,T and T^2 [Kepler's (Magirus) Triangle with sides 1, sqrt(Φ), and Φ] a Tetrahedron [dicta Form 1] is obtained, by appropriately joining the edges of the four triangles, with coordinates: [0,0,0,], [0,0,T^2], [T,0,0] and [0, 1/T, 1/T^2].
By joining, a line, from point [0,T,0] to point [T,0,0], a Second Tetrahedron [dicta Form 2] is obtained [ as a natural extension of Form 1], with co-ordinates: [0,0,0,], [T,0,0],[0,T,0] and [0,1/T, 1/T^2], having as base, on the X-Y plane, the Isosceles Orthogonal Triangle mentioned above, with coordinates[0,0,0], [T,0,0] and [0,T,0].
Doubling this triangle, in the X-Y plane, a square is obtained of side [T], with coordinates [T,T,0], [T,0,0], [0,0,0], and [0,T,0].
By connecting a line from point [T,T,0] to point [0,0,T^2] a third Tetrahedron [dicta Form 3] is obtained with coordinates:[T,T,0],[T,0,0], [0,T,0] and [0,0,T^2],
having also as base, the Isosceles Orthogonal Triangle with same dimensions [mirror image] as that of [Form 2]. The three Forms are wedged firmly together, leaving no empty space between them. Their volume ratios
Form 3: Form 1: Form 2 equal to [1/6]*[T*T*T^2]: [1/6]*[1*T*T]: [1/6]*[T*T*(1/T^2)] is the golden ratio [T^2], and the sum of volumes of Form 1 and Form 2 equals to [1/6]*[1*T*T ] + [1/6]*[T*T*(1/T^2)] equals to [1/6]*[T^2+1] equal [1/6]*T^4[SINCE T^4-T^2-1=0],
the volume of Form 3.The volumes of the three Forms sum up to [(2/6)T^4 equal to (1/3)T^4].
Two of the four bases of Form 3, are symmetrical orthogonal triangles, with coordinates [T,0,0], [T,T,0], [0,0,T^2] and [T,T,0], [0,T,0], [0,0,T^2], each of which has an angle [ φ], equal to arctan[T^2].
Two such triangles joined coplanarily and symmetrically along their bigger vertical sides, create one of the four triangular faces of a great pyramid model with coordinates [T,T,0], [0,0,T^2] and [T,(-T),0].
The Structure of the three Forms bound together [dicta Form 4] with Volume [1/3]*T^4 is one quarter of the volume of the great pyramid model, which has a square base of side 2T, height T^2 and Volume [4/3]*T^4.
Splitting one of this model's triangular face into two orthogonal co-planar triangles to form a parallelogramme [with sides T^1 and T^3], we have constructed the basic skeleton of the Icosahedron, since three such parallgrammes, orthogonal to each other, determine its twenty equilateral bases, by joining adjacent corners in groups of three, by lines.
Similarly, we proceed to the construction of the
dodecahedron, the tetrahedron, the octahedron and the cube, together with their related forms such as squares, circles, triangles, circumscribed circles to the parallelogrammes of the polyhedra skeletons, circumscribed spheres and logarithmic spirals.
Reversing the whole process, the volumes decompose to the areas of the triangle surfaces structuring them which, in turn, resolve to four line traces harmonically codified in space.
© Panagiotis Chr. Stefanides,


Quick Answer: What Does Assorted Mean?
What eclectic means?
1 : composed of elements drawn from various sources also : heterogeneous.
2 : selecting what appears to be best in various doctrines, methods, or styles.
Is eclectic a compliment?
Generally it is considered a good thing to have one's ideas or influences come from a wide variety of sources, so I'd say to be eclectic is generally positive. … Eclectic means 'broad in matters of taste' or 'using ideas from a range of sources'.
What is another word for eclectic?
In this page you can discover 29 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for eclectic, like: jumbled, narrow, voluntaristic, selective, catholic, diverse, complex, general, universal, various and assorted.
What are assorted sweets?
1 consisting of various kinds mixed together; miscellaneous. assorted sweets.
Does pushing someone count as assault?
Is Assault worse than battery?
What does assorted color mean?
ll get a random colorAssorted means you'll get a random color in order to get prime shipping.
What is the meaning of exhausted?
1 : completely or almost completely depleted of resources or contents … crops are grown in the resulting field for a year or a few years until the soil is exhausted, and then the field is abandoned …— Jared Diamond. 2 : depleted of energy : extremely tired I mean I was just exhausted, totally exhausted.
What does the word typical mean?
The definition of typical is a characteristic or behavior that is normal and expected for a given person or thing or in a given situation. An example of something that would be described as typical is your typical boring day at work where you do the same things you do every other day.
What do u mean by assorted?
consisting of different or various kinds; miscellaneous: assorted flavors; assorted sizes. consisting of selected kinds; arranged in sorts or varieties: rows of assorted vegetables. matched; suited.
What is another word for assorted?
In this page you can discover 34 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for assorted, like: multiform, diverse, varied, miscellaneous, mixed, different, disparate, diversified, heterogeneous, hybrid and motley.
What is the meaning of assaulted?
a : a threat or attempt to inflict offensive physical contact or bodily harm on a person (as by lifting a fist in a threatening manner) that puts the person in immediate danger of or in apprehension (see apprehension sense 1) of such harm or contact — compare battery sense 1b. b : rape entry 1 sense 1. assault. verb.
What do you call someone who assaults someone?
This is called an "assailant".
How would you describe an eclectic person?
It is used in a wider sense to describe anyone who has a variety of interests or tastes and mixes ideas, concepts, or sometimes physical objects in an original and/or eccentric way.


text:
WINTER ice can severely disrupt shipping around northern coastlines. But now a Canadian marine engineer claims he has found a way of controlling ice formation in ports and harbours. Per Andersen says his wave generator projector could help prevent seawater from freezing over by producing artificial waves.
When seawater is mechanically agitated, the deeper, warmer water mixes with the colder surface water. This process should prevent ice from building up, says Andersen, who has tested the prototype in Canada.
The machine is 7.5 metres long. It consists of a floating helical roller, similar to a large corkscrew, supported at either end by pontoons. The roller is rotated in the water by an electric motor to create a train of waves several hundred millimetres high.
According to Andersen, artificial waves have a higher height-to-length ratio than natural waves, making them better able to displace water. As a result, more water is...
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


text:
Developed by The DIAGRAM Center, the Poet image description tool is an open-source, web-based tool for creating and providing guidelines to writing image descriptions for images in existing DAISY and EPUB books. With Poet, it is possible to crowd source the creation of image descriptions, which can reduce both the cost for content creators and delivery time for end-users.
Easy, Intuitive User Interface
Using Poet is easy. Take any DAISY 3 or EPUB3 book file and upload it to Poet. Then, follow simple steps to write a description for each image. The descriptions will then be available to assistive technology for voicing whenever the next reader downloads the file. See this two-minute introductory video that shows you just how easy Poet is to use.
- Math Editor (beta) – transcribes math into a machine-readable format (MathML or text description). For more information about accessible math, see the DIAGRAM webinars on tools and techniques for making math accessible. You may also be interested in Benetech's MathML Cloud project.
- Image Description Training Module – reference guides and hands-on practices to help cultivate skills for writing image descriptions. The module is available from a drop-down menu in Poet and provides guidance for common types of complex images such as flow charts and Venn diagrams, following an expanded list of NCAM guidelines. For each one, you will see an example, description guidelines, and even a template (if it applies).
- Image Coverage Checker (click here for this stand-alone tool) – generates a report that summarizes the images in a given file that already have descriptions. This is a great tool for quick assessment of how much time might be required to provide image descriptions in a given book and where the descriptions can be found in a file. This free web-based tool can be used on any DAISY 3 or EPUB3 file.
Obtaining the Open Source Code for Poet
If you want to obtain or contribute to the open source Poet code, or set up your own instance of Poet, go to the Benetech's Poet GitHub repository. You can view the source, submit issues or comments, and/or make your own modifications. The Readme section contains licensing information and guidelines for setting the environment variables. Alternatively, if would like to host your own instance, the code may be downloaded, installed, and managed in your own hosting environment.


text:
Sunday, October 12, 2008 - 23:56 in Biology & Nature
A plant-eating predator from Japan could be used to control a superweed spreading throughout the UK, scientists believe.
- Dow AgriSciences, MU researcher develop a way to control'superweed'Fri, 21 Jan 2011, 17:02:35 EST
- 'Plant-eating predator to fight superweed is not magic bullet'Tue, 14 Oct 2008, 11:15:21 EDT
- Glyphosate-resistant'superweeds' may be less susceptible to diseasesTue, 17 Jul 2012, 14:04:36 EDT
- Duck-billed dinosaurs outgrew predators to surviveTue, 5 Aug 2008, 20:42:29 EDT
- URI scientists: Marine plants can flee to avoid predatorsSat, 29 Sep 2012, 16:21:26 EDT


Posted by on Friday, 31 March 2017
Aaand relax! Thoughts on the REPOSE trial
I've been watching Twitter with some interest today, following a conversation about a recent piece of research published by top-notch diabetes Doc, Sheffield's Dr Simon Heller.
I first heard of the REPOSE study (Relative Effectiveness of Pumps Over MDI and Structured Education) in 2016 when I was able to sneak into the Diabetes UK Professional Conference, where Dr Heller published some of the early findings. It has now been formally reviewed and published in full and, as much as I am able to understand it, I find it fascinating reading.
If you are interested, you can read the study here:
The intention of the study was to evaluate whether insulin pumps or multiple daily injections (MDI) gave the better outcomes for people living with type 1 diabetes who have received comparable training and support. Essentially they took over 300 people, spread across multiple centres almost all of whom had HbA1c results over 7.5% and offered them structured education/training in intensive insulin therapy. Of those that undertook the training (267) the study then followed 260 people over 2 years to see what changed. Of the study group, the pump vs MDI split was approx 50:50.
What did it show?
Here are some of the results that caught my eye...
 - Supporting people with effective, detailed structured-education/learning/training* in the complexities of managing type 1 diabetes improves outcomes whatever method people use to deliver their insulin (* delete the phrase/s which annoy you the most)
 - On average people do a little better on insulin pumps (-0.85% with pump treatment and -0.42% for MDI)
 - When results are adjusted for differences which could have skewed the data, the pump 'win' was pretty modest at around an extra -0.25% (-2.7 mmol/mol) reduction in A1c for pump users vs the MDI group - the averages may, of course, hide significant individual variation
 - Pump users additionally scored better for 'quality of life' and 'treatment satisfaction'
What I find interesting, reading between the lines, is that this study almost exactly replicates my own meandering journey towards insulin pump therapy. This whole blogging endeavour sprang out of a non-Wittertainment related 'unfortunate event' which acted as a catalyst for me to re-assess my own relationship with type 1. Chiefly that reassessment was that I was nothing like as good at dealing with it as I was allowing myself to think. I then went through a period of significant re-education, not by attending a formal course, but by my own experiments and learning from others living with T1D, many of whom were using updated intensive-insulin-therapy-type approaches. After much work, and many successes (including a reduction in A1c and elimination of severe hypoglycaemia) I realised that I had reached the limit of my MDI skills, and if I wanted to improve further - which in my case meant more or less maintaining HbA1c, but further reducing mild hypoglycaemia and glucose variability, then the next step for me was an insulin pump.
The small irony is that I had been offered an insulin pump repeatedly for going on 5 years at that time, but had never liked the idea. In fact, looking back, I think if I'd accepted a pump in the years before we started writing this blog, and before I had discovered the _TAG_ - I am really not sure whether it would have done anything much for me. Or whether I would have just have tried it for a bit and then stopped using it out of frustration.
No magic bullet
One of my take-aways from the REPOSE trial is that insulin pumps (or any other diabetes technology for that matter) are never going to entirely 'fix' things. This was certainly one of the things that put me off pump therapy for years. If many of my errant results were down to 'user-errors' of judgement, I reasoned, what difference could it make whether that 2u, 3u, 4u dose was delivered by syringe, insulin pen or pump/cannula. It's pretty obvious really - or at least it should be - but a lot of the potential power and effectiveness of insulin pump therapy comes down to the way an individual thinks about their diabetes management. The techniques they use, the strategies they have been given to review and adjust on an ongoing basis. I attended a pump users event when I had only been using Artoo for a few months and was slightly shocked to meet people who had been using insulin pumps for years but had never used (or wanted to use) the combo/dual/square/extended bolus options. It may be that they didn't need to, or that they had never been shown how to. But the lack of curiosity was a genuine surprise.
Not for everyone, and not second best
It is all too easy inside the hothouse of the 'Twitter bubble' to let yourself believe that absolutely everyone is using an insulin pump, full time CGM, Nightscout, and open-source cloud-based Artificial Pancreas algorithm. If you understand even half of that sentence, you will know exactly what I mean. But the simple truth of REPOSE is that insulin pumps are just one option, and they will suit a particular type of person, with a particular set of approaches at a particular time in their lives. That doesn't inherently make them better or worse, and it certainly doesn't make them right for everyone all the time. I loved this post by everyone's second favourite ex-teacher-Libre-wearing-cat-loving-warm-ball-of-GBDOC-loveliness Adrian Long about his continued love of multiple daily injections. People can do brilliantly on MDI, and people can do brilliantly on insulin pumps. What matters most is the support and information/training they have been given. Diabetes is going to be infuriating, uncooperative and apparently willfully disobedient whichever insulin delivery method people use. What I need, in order to face those daily frustrations is a comprehensive set of strategies, and individually tailored personalised goals to make small incremental improvements towards better outcomes. In addition a good deal of understanding and moral/psychological support goes a long way to help.
The shiny gadget effect, sticks and carrots
I do find myself wondering about the possible catalytical nature of a new piece of diabetes technology. For some people, and I think I might be one, having a shiny new diabetes toy (or the promise of one) can re-energise them into a new, more active relationship with their diabetes management. It may also be that people who have never really fancied attending Structured Education, for a whole host of reasons, may decide to take the plunge in order to get access to the technology they are hoping will help.
I'm not altogether sure how I feel about this if I am honest.
I would hope that REPOSE leads to more individualised, supportive care, rather than people being forced to unnecessarily attend officially endorsed education courses purely to box-tick the process (and add delay into the bargain). My own journey towards pump therapy was excellent in that regard. In the pre-pump assessment I was offered the education, but in conversation it was decided that I was already using exactly the techniques and strategies that the course advocated, so that it was entirely up to me whether I thought it would be beneficial or not. I would not want people who might excel at pump therapy to be put off by a hardline education requirement... but at the same time, my own experience tells me that often you don't know what you don't know. And that many people who attend diabetes education expecting very little from it actually leave the course with their relationship with their own diabetes utterly transformed.
My slight worry in all this, is not what this study actually shows, but more how it might potentially be interpreted and skim-read - short version: pumps expensive and not much better. The current guidance over the use of insulin pumps (and when people may additionally benefit from CGM) is pretty clear cut. And yet, some people in some places find themselves having to jump through interminable hoops, or simply get enquiries brushed off for having 'too good an HbA1c'.
Insulin pump therapy really does work well for some people, but it is expensive and the 'working well' does not come automatically. What I hope comes out of all this is a greater level of support and assistance both for pump users and MDI whizzes to aim for those elusive and aspirational treatment targets alongside a decent quality of life and an avoidance of diabetes burnout. With finite NHS resources it is only right that these therapies are used effectively, and clearly a vital component of that is the support, education and encouragement that people receive, not just initially, but on an on-going basis.
Simply blindly chucking technology at T1 is never going to work.
I'd be interested in your thoughts on this trial, and how you think it might impact you in your journey with diabetes. Please do leave a comment below.
 1. Great breakdown of a very long piece of study Mike, thanks for that. Unfortunately I had spent a couple of hours reading it myself and have come to very much the same conclusions as yourself on it. I am concerned that this study could be a set back for people who want to access insulin pump therapy, if their clinic is not particularly pro pumping, a skim read of this does come to the conclusion of lots of money for not a huge amount of return. That could have knock on effects possibly
 2. Hi Mike - thanks for a very interesting


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Location: Fields Institute
, 222 College Street, Toronto
Directions to Fields
April 17, 2009 --3:30
Robert M. Miura, New Jersey Institute of Technology
Migraine with Aura:
Treat It with Math
Abstract. Migraine with aura
(classic migraine) is a debilitating disease that
affects people around the world. The triggers of
this condition are various and undiagnosed in many
cases, and treatments are essentially ad hoc on
a patient-by-patient basis. Migraine with aura has
been linked to waves of cortical spreading depression
(CSD) in the visual cortex of the brain. In spite
of an enormous experimental and theoretical literature
on the brain, we do not have a good understanding
of how it functions on a gross mechanistic level.
To devise rational treatments for migraine with
aura, much more needs to be known about the brain
and about CSD. In general, the brain maintains a
homeostatic state with relatively small ion concentration
changes, the major ions being sodium, potassium,
and chloride, and a very important ion, calcium.
I believe we can learn a lot about the brain by
studying extreme phenomena, and one such phenomenon
is CSD. CSD was discovered 65 years ago by A.A.P.
Leão, a Brazilian physiologist during his
PhD research on epilepsy at the Harvard Medical
School. It is characterized by nonlinear chemical
waves that propagate at very slow speeds, on the
order of mm/min, in the cortex of different brain
structures in various animals, including humans.
CSD waves generate massive changes in extracellular
ion concentrations, but to date, we do not have
a good explanation of how CSD occurs, although a
number of mechanisms have been hypothesized to be
important for CSD wave propagation. In this talk,
I will review some of the characteristics of CSD
wave propagation, and describe some of the mechanisms
that are believed to be important, including ion
diffusion, membrane ionic currents, osmotic effects,
the spatial buffer mechanism, neurotransmitter substances,
gap junctions, metabolic pumps, and synaptic connections.
Continuum models of CSD, consisting of coupled nonlinear
diffusion equations for the ion concentrations,
will be described.


text:
Model based compressed sensing reconstruction algorithms for ECG telemonitoring in WBANs
Tipus de documentArticle
Condicions d'accésAccés restringit per política de l'editorial
Wireless Body area networks (WBANs) consist of sensors that continuously monitor and transmit real time vital signals to a nearby coordinator and then to a remote terminal via the Internet. One of the most important signals for monitoring in WBANs is the electrocardiography (ECG) signal. The design of an accurate and energy efficient ECG telemonitoring system can be achieved by: i) reducing the amount of data that should be transmitted ii) minimizing the computational operations executed at any transmitter/receiver in a WBAN. To this end, compressed sensing (CS) approaches can offer a viable solution. In this paper, we propose two novel CS based ECG reconstruction algorithms that minimize the samples that are required to be transmitted for an accurate reconstruction, by exploiting the block structure of the ECG in the time domain (TD) and in an uncorrelated domain (UD). The proposed schemes require the solutions of second-order cone programming (SOCP) problems that are usually tackled by computational demanding interior point (IP) methods. To solve these problems efficiently, we develop a path-wise coordinate descent based scheme. The reconstruction accuracy is evaluated by the percentage root-mean-square difference (PRD) metric. A reconstructed signal is acceptable if and only if PRD < 9%. Simulation studies carried out with real electrocardiographic (ECG) data, show that the proposed schemes, operating in both the TD and in the UD as compared to the conventional CS techniques, reduce the Compression Ratio (CR) by 20% and 44% respectively, offering at the same time significantly low computational complexity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
CitacióLalos, A.; Alonso, L.; Verikoukis, C. Model based compressed sensing reconstruction algorithms for ECG telemonitoring in WBANs. "Digital signal processing", 01 Desembre 2014, vol. 35, p. 105-116.
Versió de l'editorhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051200414002553


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Fatima Kuinova was born on December 28, 1920, in Samarkand, Tajikistan, in Soviet Central Asia, one of 10 children. She grew up speaking Russian, but her cultural life was rooted in Bukharan Jewish traditions. Though her father, cantor of the local Bukharan Jewish synagogue, died when she was six years old, she credits him with her earliest and deepest musical influence. She began singing as a child and started vocal studies when she was 14, performing as a teenager in school choirs and at festivals in Dushanbe, the capital. She sang on Soviet radio as early as 1941.
Because of the widespread discrimination against Jews under Stalin, she took the name Kuinova to hide her true identity. Her Jewish name was Cohen, and throughout her life she has retained the Kuinova. She even sang for Stalin himself, but he probably didn't know she was Jewish.
During World War II she sang for soldiers throughout Central Asia and in war zones. In 1948 she was named Honored Artist of the Soviet Union. In 1949 she began studying shashmaqam, the traditional music of her region. She worked with both Muslim and Jewish musicians. Kuinova explains that the texts, many of which date from the fifteenth century and deal with mystical love, are as important as the melodies.
Shashmaqam is related to, but recognizably different from, Persian, Ottoman, and Arabic court music. Kuinova's repertoire reflects the multifaceted role that Bukharan Jewish singers fill in Central Asia, playing music for a wide range of functions. They were among the most distinguished musicians in the courts of the Muslim emirs and khans who ruled the region prior to its incorporation into the Soviet Union. The Bukhara emirate was taken over by the Soviet Union in 1920 and became part of the republics of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. In the Soviet period, traditional singers worked alongside Uzbek and Tajik musicians in radio station ensembles, music schools, and concert halls. They also provided music for a variety of ceremonial and ritual occasions in the Jewish community and for the majority Moslem population. Since the 1920s, when the musical tradition was first documented by Soviet ethnomusicologists, it has been transcribed and taught from one generation to the next.
In some ways similar to the Indian raga, maqam (as it is known among Arabic, Turkish, and Central Asian Jewish peoples) or dastgah (among Persians) is based on a system of modal scales with associated melodic themes, rhythmic modes, and extensive improvisation. Although the similarities of principles and musical practice suggest the connectedness of a great tradition shared by Ottomans, Arabs, Persians, and others, the particulars of regional and local practice vary significantly, and there are many distinctive localized styles.
For 27 years, Kuinova belonged to an ensemble of women rebab (vertical violin) players. She toured widely with her ensemble to Kiev, Leningrad (St. Petersburg), and Moscow, within the former Soviet Union, and abroad to Europe, Afghanistan, and Iran, where she sang for the late shah.
She immigrated to the United States from Tajikistan in 1980 to join relatives who were already settled in New York. There, she soon became a well-established member of the Bukharan Jewish musical community. Kuinova first worked in a trio or quartet in which her vocal line was accompanied by two or more doire — the Central Asian frame drum, or tar, a plucked-string instrument of the region — and this ensemble has become a focal point of the growing Bukharan Jewish community centered in Queens and Brooklyn.
In New York, Kuinova performs for a variety of social occasions and concert events, and she is in demand among Moslem emigrés as well as in her own community. In 1986, her shashmaqam ensemble was invited to perform in the Salute to Immigrant Cultures at the Statue of Liberty Centennial.
National Endowment for the Arts · an independent federal agency


New "Porta Potty" Flower Discovered
Phallic-shaped species smells like rotting meat and feces.
View Images
The newly discovered plant species Amorphophallus perrieri grows to about five feet tall.
A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. And a new species of Amorphophallus—the genus that includes the "corpse flower"—still smells like rotting meat and feces.
Discovered on an island off the coast of Madagascar, the newfound plant grows up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) high and blooms once a year with a "really foul" stench, according to discoverer Greg Wahlert, a postdoctoral researcher in botany at the University of Utah.
Lynn Bohs, a biology professor in the same lab as Wahlert, described the smell in a statement as a combination of "rotting roadkill" and a "Porta Potty."
The new flower adds to the roughly 170 species in the Amorphophallus genus, which means "misshapen penis" in Greek after the phallic shape of the plants' flowers.
Finding Flower a Stroke of Luck
Wahlert discovered the new species—named A. perrieri—in full bloom while collecting violets in two remote islands northwest of Madagascar in 2006 and 2007. (See more flower pictures.)
Suspecting the plant might be a new species, he brought back samples and began cultivating them. After consulting with an Amorphophallus expert in the Netherlands, he confirmed that A. perrieri was a previously undescribed species.
Because A. perrieri is dormant for much of the year, Wahlert's discovery is a case of good timing.
For months out of the year, there's little rain in that part of Madagascar, so the plants remain dormant underground.
"These things are growing out of the most miserable soil," said Wahlert, who is working on a scientific paper about the species.
The specimen he is cultivating in the university's greenhouse shot up its flower in just two weeks. If Wahlert had been visiting the islands at a different time, "I could have very easily missed it."
Stinky Flowers "Fascinating"
All Amorphophallus species emit smells to attract flies and other insects.
Though a few emit more pleasant aromas, such as chocolate or spices, most smell terrible to human noses, Wahlert said.
"You can imagine in Africa, where big game will die and rot in the sun... that's what they smell like," Wahlert said.
Despite the stench, he added, "I'm glad I got a stinky one. It's fascinating to me."
Comment on This Story


What is the X in X-mas?
[koo k] /kʊk/
verb (used with object)
to subject (anything) to the application of heat.
Slang. to ruin; spoil.
Informal. to falsify, as accounts:
to cook the expense figures.
verb (used without object)
to prepare food by the use of heat.
(of food) to undergo cooking.
 1. to be full of activity and excitement:
 Las Vegas cooks around the clock.
 2. to perform, work, or do in just the right way and with energy and enthusiasm:
 That new drummer is really cooking tonight. Now you're cooking!
 3. to be in preparation; develop:
 Plans for the new factory have been cooking for several years.
 4. to take place; occur; happen:
 What's cooking at the club?
a person who cooks:
The restaurant hired a new cook.
Verb phrases
cook up, Informal.
 1. to concoct or contrive, often dishonestly:
 She hastily cooked up an excuse.
 2. to falsify:
 Someone had obviously cooked up the alibi.
cook one's goose. goose (def 11).
cook the books, Slang. to manipulate the financial records of a company, organization, etc., so as to conceal profits, avoid taxes, or present a false financial report to stockholders.
before 1000; (noun) Middle English cok(e), Old English cōc (compare Old Norse kokkr, German Koch, Dutch kok) < Latin cocus, coquus, derivative of coquere to cook; akin to Greek péptein (see peptic); (v.) late Middle English coken, derivative of the noun
Related forms
cookable, adjective
cookless, adjective
uncookable, adjective Unabridged
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British Dictionary definitions for cookless
(transitive) (slang) to alter or falsify (something, esp figures, accounts, etc): to cook the books
(transitive) (slang) to spoil or ruin (something)
(intransitive) (slang) to happen (esp in the phrase what's cooking?)
(transitive) (slang) to prepare (any of several drugs) by heating
(intransitive) (music, slang) to play vigorously: the band was cooking
(informal) cook someone's goose
 1. to spoil a person's plans
 2. to bring about someone's ruin, downfall, etc
a person who prepares food for eating, esp as an occupation
See also cook up
Derived Forms
cookable, adjective
cooking, noun
Word Origin
noun Mount Cook
Captain James. 1728–79, British navigator and explorer: claimed the E coast of Australia for Britain, circumnavigated New Zealand, and discovered several Pacific and Atlantic islands (1768–79)
Sir Joseph. 1860–1947, Australian statesman, born in England: prime minister of Australia (1913–14)
Peter (Edward). 1937–95, British comedy actor and writer, noted esp for his partnership (1960–73) with Dudley Moore
Robin, full name Robert Finlayson Cook. 1946–2005, British Labour politician; foreign secretary (1997–2001), Leader of the House (2001-2003)
Thomas. 1808–92, British travel agent; innovator of conducted excursions and founder of the travel agents Thomas Cook and Son
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
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Word Origin and History for cookless
Old English coc, from Vulgar Latin cocus "cook," from Latin coquus, from coquere "to cook, prepare food, ripen, digest, turn over in the mind" from PIE root *pekw- "to cook" (cf. Oscan popina "kitchen," Sanskrit pakvah "cooked," Greek peptein, Lithuanian kepti "to bake, roast," Old Church Slavonic pecenu "roasted," Welsh poeth "cooked, baked, hot"). Germanic languages had no one native term for all types of cooking, and borrowed the Latin word (Old Saxon kok, Old High German choh, German Koch, Swedish kock).
There is the proverb, the more cooks the worse potage. [Gascoigne, 1575]
late 14c., from cook (n.); the figurative sense of "to manipulate, falsify, doctor" is from 1630s. Related: Cooked, cooking. To cook with gas is 1930s jive talk.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
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Slang definitions & phrases for cookless
 1. To be put to death in the electric chair; fry (1930s+)
 2. To happen; occur: Is anything cooking on the new tax rule? (1940s+ Jive talk)
 3. To do very well; excel: if the performers begin cooking together and most of the director's intuitions and skills pay off (1930+ Jazz musicians)
 4. To falsify; tamper with: The British government cooked press stories shamelessly in order to deceive the Argentine enemy/ She cooked the statistics (1636+)
 5. To dissolve heroin in water over a flame before injecting it (1960s+ Narcotics)
Copyright (C) 2007 by HarperCollins Publishers.
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cookless in the Bible
Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary
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Idioms and Phrases with cookless
The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary
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Word of the Day
Difficulty index for cook
Most English speakers likely know this word
Word Value for cookless
Scrabble Words With Friends
Nearby words for cookless


text:
The Hardware Support Lab of RIM, the company that manufatures Blackberry yeaterday published a series of videos demonstrating the series of stress tests they do on their devices. These inclide bending the devices past their known breaking point, dropping them on hard floor and also dropping them in water.
Device manufacturers usually do this to show users what the devices they purchase can withstand.
The videos go a notch further by doing slow motion so that a viewer can see the actual bouncing or bending the device goes through during the durability test. See the videos below:


text:
Ghosts: A Social History
By Davies, Owen (ed.)
From the publisher's website: Despite the scientific and intellectual advances of the past five hundred years, populist belief in the supernatural, as evidenced by media investigations into the paranormal, continues to be culturally and socially relevant. Throughout history, ghost beliefs have been a source of literary inspiration and learned investigation. They prompted public panics and scandals, and have been manipulated for political and religious purposes. This five-volume reset edition draws together representative and defining printed sources to reveal changing perceptions of ghosts at different social levels from the Reformation through to the twentieth century in Britain and America.
In the face of growing scholarly interest in the history of ghosts, this groundbreaking edition is the first documentary survey of the field from the early modern era through to the industrial age. Sources have been chosen to present a clear chronological story of continuities and changes in the social and intellectual relevance of ghosts. They focus on the key published debates that emerged in each century, and illustrate the full range of literary formats that reported or discussed ghosts. American material is included in the final two volumes to reflect the US birth of nineteenth-century spiritualism.
The edition benefits from full scholarly apparatus, including a general introduction, volume introductions, headnotes, endnotes and a consolidated index in the final volume. The set is broadly interdisciplinary and will appeal to those researching Social and Cultural History, History of Science, History of Religion, Literature and History of the Supernatural, as well as Early-Modern, Eighteenthand Nineteenth-Century History.
Five volume set, approx. 2,000pp. Pickering and Chatto, February 2010. ISBN 978 1 85196 989 0


text:
Reinnervation is a typical organic process that occurs when a motor nerve dies, consisting of the growth of a new axon from a nearby nerve that takes over the functionality of the dead nerve.
Causes and process
Deinnervation (the death of nerves) is a natural process that can occur either because of a physical injury or because of an internal disease like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Nerve degradation also occurs spontaneously with age.
Reinnervation occurs spontaneously in most cases. Usually this happens by having a nearby nerve grow a new axon that will gradually take over the deinnervated tissue. Spontaneous reinnervation can be stimulated by various clinical methods.
If the damage is extensive, or if the reinnervation of an area is inhibited or slowed down by an affection, reinnervation can be performed artificially, using a transplant operation called nerve grafting. Nerve grafting is not an unusual operation. While being fairly difficult to perform, risks associated with it are not extensive and it is a common indication in some causes. Post-operatory care and monitoring is required, however.
Denervation-Reinnervation is a new trend in treatment of the adductor spasmodic dysphonia. It is a special surgery that avoids the standard Botox injection forcing reinnervation of the vocal cord muscle. It involves only moderate pain and some post-operatory care.


text:
Beinecke Library Construction Photographs, _PHONE_
Documenting the construction of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, this collection of photographs captures the transient stages of a massive, three year project.
One of the largest buildings in the world devoted entirely to rare books and manuscripts, the library was designed to have room in the central tower for 180,000 volumes and in the underground book stacks for over 600,000 volumes; it now contains well over 500,000 volumes and several million manuscripts.
The building, of Vermont marble and granite, bronze and glass, was designed by Gordon Bunshaft, of the firm of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill; the George A. Fuller Construction Company of Hamden, Connecticut was the general contractor. Work began on the building in 1960 and was completed in 1963. The white, gray-veined marble panes of the exterior are one and one-quarter inches thick and are framed by light gray Vermont granite. These marble panels filter light so that rare materials can be displayed without damage from harmful ultraviolet light. From the exterior, however, the building's powerful stone geometry serves to dominate the space it occupies in Hewitt University Quadrangle, amidst neo-Classical and neo-Gothic neighbors.
The building and its endowment are the gift of Edwin J. Beinecke, Yale 1907; Frederick W. Beinecke, Yale 1909; Walter Beinecke, Yale 1910; and their families.
Over 500 photographs by C.T. Alburtus and unknown photographers, varying in size, 20.7 x 25.5 cm. and smaller, in color and black and white


text:
A quick lunch or dinner for chol chomoed.
- 3 Tablespoons olive oil
- 2 teaspoons minced garlic
- 1 lb. mushrooms, sliced
- 2 cups canned crushed tomatoes
- 2 Tablespoons fresh basil; chopped, or 1½ teaspoons dried basil
- 2 sliced and diced red or green bell peppers
- ¼ to ½ cup dry white wine
- Sugar, to taste
- Salt and pepper, to taste
- 4 baked potatoes
- Heat the olive oil in a large skillet. Add the garlic and mushrooms and saute for a minute or two. Add the crushed tomatoes and basil.
- Stir while the mixture comes to a boil and then reduce to a simmer for about 5 minutes;
- Add sliced and diced pepper pieces into the sauce and simmer until the peppers are tender but not too soft, about 7 or 8 minutes;
- Stir in the white wine. Taste the sauce and add a touch of sugar if desired, and salt and freshly ground pepper;
- Serve over a baked potato.
This recipe can be doubled or tripled.
DESCRIPTION: Fresh Chives, basil, cilantro, dill, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme are often used as spices or garnishing.
INFESTATION: Aphids, thrips and other insects may often be found on the leaves and stems of these herbs. Insects tend to nestle in the crevices between the leaves and branches of herbs. These insects can curl up and stick to the leaf once they come in contact with water.
Vegetable spinners, power hoses, and light boxes are not always available in the home. We therefore recommend the following alternate procedure.
RECOMMENDATION: In order to determine if a particular bunch of herbs is infested prior to washing, bang it several times over a white cloth. This is most important when checking oregano, rosemary, sage and thyme. If only one or two insects are found proceed with the steps below. If three or more insects are detected in a particular bunch of herbs it should not be used.
- Soak herbs in a solution of cold water and vegetable wash. The proper amount of vegetable wash has been added when some bubbles are observed in the water. (In the absence of vegetable wash, several drops of concentrated unscented liquid detergent may be used. However, for health reasons, care must be taken to thoroughly rinse off the soapy solution.)
- Agitate the herbs in the soapy water, in order to loosen the sticking excretion of the bugs.
- Using a heavy stream of water, thoroughly wash off the soap and other foreign matter from the herbs.
- Check both sides of each leaf under direct light.
- If one or two insects are found, rewash the herbs.
- If any insects are found after repeating the agitation process twice, the entire bunch must be discarded.
Please note: To prepare herbs such as cilantro, dill, or parsley for use in soups wash them thoroughly and place in a cooking bag.


TED Conversations
Rachel Armstrong
The University of Greenwich
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or join one »
This Live Conversation with TED Fellow Rachel Armstrong will open on February 8th, 2012 at 1pm EST, 6pm UK time.
Join the conversation as Rachel discusses her view on ecological humans and city 2.0.
We are not machines but Ecological Humans. We depend on our networks for survival, like an oak tree in the forest, being made up of highly interacting and interdependent systems. For example, eating is not simply consuming 'fuel' to feed our body-machine but is a mutual relationship shared between our gut bacteria, our food and our bodies (which, in turn, are highly interconnected assemblages of specialised tissues). The way that we see ourselves influences the way that we operate through the world in all aspects of our lives - from health, to business and even space exploration!
Ecological Humans, imagine the City 2.0 as being grown from the bottom-up by its communities. It is underpinned by highly interacting and interdependent networks, which use dynamic fabrics that behave in life-like ways. These buildings can be described as Living Architecture that are capable of responding to the changes in our dynamic cities as only real ecologies can.
Will The City 2.0 be qualitatively different to modern cities? Or pragmatically, can the transition only be made as a series of incremental changes? What can we do to facilitate this transition?
What does being an Ecological Human mean to me? Can it help me find new or more effective ways of working?
Can we rely on biology to provide all the answers when it comes to sustainable building solutions? Is life a technology - and should we exploit it in the pursuit of more sustainable ways of building?
Closing Statement from Rachel Armstrong
Thank you so much everyone for joining me today and taking time to comment and share your thoughts. What an amazing set of discussion threads have begun! I am excited about how the TED Prize winner City 2.0, will turn out - which is the event that inspired the context for this discussion. Perhaps, beyond the immediate context of near-future cities - the idea of being an Ecological Human may help us imagine ourselves and the world around us differently. Maybe we can use this way of imagining the world so that we can find truly sustainable solutions for the places we live in. We could possibly also use this approach to help others understand what being 'ecological' might mean. Perhaps this way of looking at the world may have applications in other areas of our lives such as, in the workplace. So, again - a really warm 'thank you' everyone for taking time out to share your thoughts with me and offer your perspectives. If you would like to find out more about Living Architecture you may like to buy my TED Book _URL_ which is available from Amazon.com, Apple's iBookstore, and is also on the Nook platform.
Showing single comment thread. View the full conversation.
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 Feb 8 2012: Is it possible – given that cities are complex, therefore unpredictable – to generate any kind of impact (whether initiated by a 'wish' or any other kind of action) - on what is a conundrum and constantly moving target? Moreover, cities possess durations longer than a life span and inevitably outlive the jurisdiction of politicians and company heads who may be in any kind of meaningful position to oversee sustainable change.
 - Feb 8 2012: Fantastic questions! I definitely believe humanity can coevolve into a beneficial structural and functional force in living systems and the Panarchy. With us evolving into an urban species, cities are the key!
 - thumb
 Feb 8 2012: Josh - thank you for raising the subject of Panarchy - I'd like to hear more about how you think that this approach - which fundamentally engages with the ideas of complexity and ecology that are so important to us right now - can actually work for people living in cities.
 - thumb
 Feb 8 2012: Dear Rachel, thank you very much for providing us with a platform to share our ideas for the city 2.0! I think to generate an impact, the most important thing would be to make everyone feel like being part of something bigger than the sum of its parts. I live in Paris, but I don't *live* here, which means that I don't interact with my neighbors and that Paris doesn't care whether I am here or not. Yes, a city is constantly moving and evolving, but friendships made in a neighborhood -- or simple things like having a BBQ together -- or great things, like creating a park or painting the walls of a building -- can last forever and beyond the borders of the city itself. Everyone should be able to get involved with the city's changing shape -- but in fact, I wouldn't even know how, because the link between the inhabitants and the city / major / administration is missing.
 - Feb 8 2012: Simone, your post makes me think of the challenges faced when we see only the material aspects of a city. The type of social relations and bonds you detail are the life force. How do we create ways to ensure that these relationships and bonds are supported by the material system of cities?
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 Feb 8 2012: Felicia - this is a beautiful question. Machine thinking banishes our own souls and the life force of our cities from any notions of value. A wonderful city to live in does not have a material worth, unless it can be materialised in some way - through real estate. My deepest concerns are not even for our immediate spiritual well being but for our long term visions, goals and values. How can we in a secular, global society find ways of transcending the 'trap' of the material realm. Surely I understand that finance generates a certain infrastructure in a city experience but what really makes a great city are its people and how they live their dreams.
 - thumb
 Feb 8 2012: I think art is a great facilitator for materializing visions... Look at JR or Banksy, they are transcending material borders... well, by using them for something else! It sounds stupid to say it, but painting the walls of a whole city and adding plants would -- at least for me -- transform it into a living space to which everyone would contribute. Grey walls, massive skyscrapers, and abandoned places always make me wonder why and how it could have come to this and what we can do against it.
 - thumb
 Feb 8 2012: Simone, I think this is a great and wonderful observation. How do we maintain our sense of belonging, cultural diversity and participate in truly international cities? There are profound questions here about identity, politics and our living spaces. Indeed, as you note our cities are more than materials - they are its people and their communities - whether local or globally located. What concerns me is how this great spirit of humanity that is embodied in our cities can thrive when the forces that regulate our cities are so materially based... working through the machines of industry and operating according to solving 'known' issues. Cities are subversive - how can we harness this spontaneity to grow truly fertile cities in the near future?
 - W T 100+
 - +2
 Feb 8 2012: "....painting the walls of a whole city and adding plants would -- at least for me -- transform it into a living space to which everyone would contribute...."
 If those responsible for planning cities would realize the value of green spaces in and around a city, painting walls would not be necessary.....Here in South Florida, you can tell where greed took over a city....buildings and cement everywhere....and where the planning commission took their time...bike paths, open spaces with lots of trees and green areas around the industrial zones. I think it comes down to who is in charge of city government.
 Some, sad to say have to call the police around here because neighbors try to knock down the trees that provide much needed shade, in order to put in a stamped concrete driveway worth thousands of dollars....they call this "progress"....I call it stupid.. Trees vs cement....trees win hands down.....but not everyone sees it this way.
 - thumb
 Feb 8 2012: Mary, That is indeed totally heartbreaking to hear - there are some very deep issues about value that are so necessary to have when it comes to the nature of our cities. I agree with you in how topsy turvy our environments have become when inert surfaces are considered more desirable than living ones - mainly by property developers rather than civic communities I will also add. After all - we do not live 'in nature' but in architecture - this is our local environment and as Darwin observed, these intimate niches have a real effect on our well being. Again this raises issues about who is planning the long term for our cities. What is the long term vision for the places that we live in and how are we engaging our children and our grandchildren in helping us achieve these long term visions. I simply do not trust the'market' to make any decisions that have any real impact more than a 3-5 year product cycle away. Leaving everything to the marketplace has simply productised the future - and it's not a real future - it's just a drawn out version of our present.
 - Feb 8 2012: This is also true when looking at the economic impact of the housing crisis -- everything has relied on building more & more, buying bigger & bigger, further & further out. So many lost jobs


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I am creating a midlet that sends bulk sms web service having a url of this format[USERNAME]&password=[PASSWORD]&from=[SENDER_ID]&to=[SINGLE_RECIPIENT]&message=[MESSAGE_TO_BE_SENT]
this is the method below that sends an SMS, as got from d J2me doc.
How do I encode the above URL into this method to allow for the message to be routed through this web service
public void send() {
 String mReceiver = null;
 // String mPort = null;
 mReceiver= getTextField2().getString();
 String address = "sms://" + mReceiver;
 MessageConnection conn = null;
 try {
// String addr = "sms://" + getTextField3().getString();
 conn = (MessageConnection) Connector.open(address);
 TextMessage msg = (TextMessage)conn.newMessage(MessageConnection.TEXT_MESSAGE);
 } catch (Exception e) {
 switchDisplayable(null, getConfirmation());
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1 Answer 1
up vote 0 down vote accepted
Sending SMS using the phone facilities and using web service are different things. You have to create HTTP connection and surf to URL of your web service using either GET or POST method (according to the documentation of the web service). Example of your URL contains parameters, so I guess you should use GET.
Take the following example _URL_
and modify it as you need.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


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The API or Gateway can respond in 2 formats depending if you have set the option=xml (recommended) or not.
Option Parameter blank or missing
The API responds in simple 'plain text' mode.
Once you have made a successful connection (HTTP 200) to our server and sent the request the server will reply in two different ways.
 - SUCCESS
 - FAILED
Error: invalid originator or missing
The final line of the response contains the number of credits you have remaining, you get 10 free credits with your account.
HTTP Response Codes to errors
Since 23 November 2015, our Simple Bulk SMS API stopped responding to all requests with a HTTP 200 response code. While the response content remains the same, only accepted requests will have a HTTP 200 response code. TextMarketer introduced this change to enhance efficiency and make sure user is aware when a request is not accepted by some reason.
Additionally to the response content, specific HTTP 4xx codes will be returned. These are some common usage scenarios:
 - requests with invalid or missing variables will have a HTTP 400 response code;
 - requests with failed authentication details will have a HTTP 401 response code;
 - requests from an account that is suspended will have a HTTP 403 response code;
 - requests trying to send messages to international numbers while international send is not enabled will have a HTTP 403 response code.
See below Specific errors table for a detailed list of HTTP codes for each error.
Option Parameter set to xml
A better way of decoding the response is to use the parameter option, this will make the gateway respond in the XML format which gives room for future proofing and also it's a better way to interpret / parse the results.
Successful send
Failed send
Response meanings
XML tag/attributeMeaning
Did the message get sent, success / failed / queued / scheduled.
The unique ID of the message sent. You can use this ID to fnd the status of the sent message in the delivery report.
The number of credits used to send the message.
Credits remaining.
*Status can also be one of the following values:
 - Queued : We weren't able to send immediately.
 - Scheduled: You have requested a send date in the future.
Specific errors
Code MeaningHTTP Code
0Refused (bad number or trying international sending without a valid account)403
Bad username or password.
2You have zero credits.402
The originator is invalid or too long.
4The originator is invalid or missing.400
The message is invalid or too long.
You have insufficient credits to send this message.
7The message is invalid or missing.400
The message contains unsupported characters (these will be listed in the error message).
9The mobile numbers are invalid or too short.400
The mobile numbers are invalid or not an integer.
11The validity value is out of range.400
The custom value is non-alphanumeric or out of range.
13The mobile number is in a STOP group.403
Queued send
Format the same as success above, the only difference is that the message has been queued, this typically means a 5 minute delay. This status is very rare.
The DTD of the response


text:
Discover the no-rules approach to creativity as artist Maria Grossbaum-Fondler guides you through essential mixed-media art techniques.
Start the class with building a composition using twigs and modelling paste, explore fun pattern techniques and create bold textures. Then, have fun with paints and pigments, experiment with washes, create stunning gradients and learn how to select a captivating color scheme. Learn how to add a wow factor to your design and how to seal your twigs in order to prevent erosion. You'll be inspired by the wide range of effects that you can create and be proud to hang your abstract piece in your home!
WHAT YOU GET
- 8 Streaming HD video lessons with anytime, anywhere access
- List of materials and supplies
INTRO. Meet Maria as she highlights the techniques you'll learn to take your designs to the next level.
1. CHOOSING YOUR TWIGS. Learn what twigs to use and how to prepare them for your art piece.
2. UNDERSTANDING COMPOSITION. EXERCISE. Enjoy fun exercise that will help you to gain confidence and understanding in building a balanced composition.
3. BUILDING COMPOSITION WITH TWIGS. Learn how to adhere twigs to your canvas
4. CREATING TEXTURAL PATTERN. Get familiar with modelling paste and a crackle medium for creating a bold textures.
5. APPLYING COLOURS. Delve deeper into the world of paints! Practice using different types of paints to add movement and free-form patterns to your pieces, create gradients and washes. You'll also see how grounds respond to each type of paint.
6. FINAL DECORATIVE TOUCHES. Learn how to make your painting look complete and how to add colours to your side panels.
7. ADDING DECORATIVE ELEMENTS. Let's see together what other materials we could use to make your art piece unique and how to add a new dimension to your painting.
8. SEALING TWIGS. Sealing your twigs with varnish is important in order to prevent future erosion.
Imagine, experiment and produce your best work ever!
HERE ARE MY PAINTINGS CREATED WITH TECHNIQUES EXPLAINED IN THE COURSE:
My paintings is the creation of opposites in a variety of rhythms and textures.
I combine different materials in order to overcome the challenge of achieving harmony and unity in my work. Some of my paintings are highly textured and have imbedded objects.
I explore this fine line of ambiguity between pure abstraction and implied realism through the process of layering color and organic texture. My objective is to evoke a sensation or memory in the viewer, of a place remembered or imagined, without literal reference to landscape.
Start1. Choosing your Twigs (3:48)
Preview2. Understanding Composition. Exercise. (5:26)
Start3. Building Composition (5:59)
Start4. Creating Textural Patterns (8:38)
Start5a. Applying Colours, part 1 (9:55)
Start5b. Applying Colours, part 2 (10:41)
Start6. Final Decorative Touches (2:12)
Start7. Adding Decorative Elements (6:41)
Start8. Sealing Twigs (6:30)


text:
|Age||Commit message (Collapse)||Author||Lines|
the purpose of this logic is to avoid linking __stdio_exit unless any
stdio reads (which might require repositioning the file offset at exit
time) or writes (which might require flushing at exit time) could have
previously, exit called two wrapper functions for __stdio_exit named
__flush_on_exit and __seek_on_exit. both of these functions actually
performed both tasks (seek and flushing) by calling the underlying
__stdio_exit. in order to avoid doing this twice, an overridable data
object __towrite_used was used to cause __seek_on_exit to act as a nop
when __towrite was linked.
now, exit only makes one call, directly to __stdio_exit. this is
satisfiable by a weak dummy definition in exit.c, but the real
definition is pulled in by either __toread.c or __towrite.c through
their referencing a symbol which is defined only in __stdio_exit.c.
(cherry picked from commit c463e11eda8326aacee2ac1d516954a9574a2dcd)
for seekable files, posix imposed requirements on the offset of the
underlying open file description after a stream is closed. this was
correctly handled (as a side effect of the unconditional fflush call)
when streams were explicitly closed by fclose, but was not handled
correctly at program exit time, where fflush(0) was being used.
the weak symbol hackery is to pull in __stdio_exit if either of
__toread or __towrite is used, but avoid calling it twice so we don't
have to keep extra state. the new __stdio_exit is a streamlined fflush
variant that avoids performing any unnecessary operations and which
never unlocks the files or open file list, so we can be sure no other
threads write new data to a stream's buffer after it's already
the biggest change in this commit is that stdio now uses readv to fill
the caller's buffer and the FILE buffer with a single syscall, and
likewise writev to flush the FILE buffer and write out the caller's
buffer in a single syscall.
making this change required fundamental architectural changes to
stdio, so i also made a number of other improvements in the process:
- the implementation no longer assumes that further io will fail
following errors, and no longer blocks io when the error flag is set
(though the latter could easily be changed back if desired)
- unbuffered mode is no longer implemented as a one-byte buffer. as a
consequence, scanf unreading has to use ungetc, to the unget buffer
has been enlarged to hold at least 2 wide characters.
- the FILE structure has been rearranged to maintain the locations of
the fields that might be used in glibc getc/putc type macros, while
shrinking the structure to save some space.
- error cases for fflush, fseek, etc. should be more correct.
- library-internal macros are used for getc_unlocked and putc_unlocked
now, eliminating some ugly code duplication. __uflow and __overflow
are no longer used anywhere but these macros. switch to read or
write mode is also separated so the code can be better shared, e.g.
- lots of other small things.


text:
1, 2, X, Y
Chris Argyris has his Model 1 and Model 2 theories of action:
- Model I: The objectives of this theory of action are to: (1) be in unilateral control; (2) win and do not lose; (3) suppress negative feelings; and (4) behave rationally.
- Model II: The objectives of this theory of action are to: (1) seek valid (testable) information; (2) create informed choice; and (3) monitor vigilantly to detect and correct error.
Douglas McGregor has his X and Y theories of motivation:
- Theory X: Employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can and that they inherently dislike work.
- Theory Y: Employees may be ambitious and self-motivated and exercise self-control; they enjoy their mental and physical work duties.
Let's do an Argyris-McGregor mashup and see what types of enterprises emerge:


How To Lock Up Your Bicycle
We've all seen them " lone bicycle wheels locked to parking meters, and broken bike locks hanging from fences with no bicycle in sight. Maybe you've come back to where you left your bike " and found that it's been stolen! We here at MassBike never want this to happen to you.
Here's what you can do to avoid bicycle theft:
 3. Each lock should have its own built-in locking device (a key-lock or combination lock, but not a padlock). Don't use a cable that's secured by a U-lock " once the thief gets through the U-lock, he's got your bike!
 4. Pull your cable lock through both wheels, and lock it around a bike rack or other closed loop stand. Open-top posts (like parking meters or traffic signs) let thieves lift bikes over them. If you use a cable lock and a Ulock, you don't need to remove your front wheel to secure it.
 5. Wrap your U-lock around a secure post. Then pass it around your rear wheel rim inside the bike's rear triangle. It's not necessary for the lock to secure the frame " if the U-lock locks the rim inside of the frame triangle behind your seat-tube, the bike cannot be stolen by removing the rear wheel. If you can get the frame as well that is a bonus.
 - Don't leave removable gear on your bike. Take pumps, lights, and other accessories with you.
 - Write your name and telephone number on a piece of Tyvek (a sturdy cloth-like plastic available at hardware stores), and identify yourself as the bike's owner. Put this inside your rear tire between the rim and the inner tube. A bike shop will see this if they are asked to repair a flat tire!
Here are some rather poor locking jobs:
It is possible to go a little overboard:
[caption id="attachment_1024" align="aligncenter" width="500" caption="via flickr"][/caption]
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text:
Middle Ordovician – Early Silurian
Drepanella is an extinct genus of actively mobile epifaunal suspension feeders.
Identification in Hand Sample:
- Depressed convex.
- Suboblong valves have (more or less) complete, often sickle-shaped and sharply elevated marginal ridge.
- Two or more usually isolated nodes.
- Thick ventral edge.
- Depressed convex, suboblong valves with a more or less complete, often sickle-shaped, sharply elevated marginal ridge, within which the surface exhibits two or more usually isolated nodes; ventral edge thick; brood pouch unknown, probably wanting (Bassler and Kellett, 1934).
Fossils of Ohio (1996):
- Drepanella has a straight hinge and elongate ridges, nodes, and spines. It may be one of the most ornate ostracodes that you will find in the early Paleozoic rocks. It is restricted to Upper Ordovician rocks, such as the Whitewater Formation, in Ohio. Elsewhere this genus ranges from Mid Ordovician to Lower Silurian.
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part Q, Arthropoda 3 (1961):
- Subrectangular to subquadrate; dorsal border straight, cardinal angles subequal, well defined; carinate rib subparallel to anterior and ventral free margin, terminating anterodorsally as spine which overreaches dorsal margin, prominent lobes in dorsomedial area separated by S2 lobes smooth or marked by small secondary spines, which may terminate dorsally in a spine; surface smooth, granular, or pitted; valves subequal; no velum or subcarinate ridges known. Hingement in RV consisting of long straight groove, corresponding bar presumed to exist in LV; dimorphism unknown.
- Carapace small, averaging 2.5 mm. long by 1.5 mm. high; subelliptical in outline; dorsal border straight, terminating abruptly at each end; ventral border nearly straight or gently convex, rounding almost evenly into the ends.
- Running nearly parallel with the posterior and ventral edges, a sharply-elevated sickle-shaped ridge, often produced spine-like beyond the postero-dorsal border. Dorsal slope with two or more strong tubercles or ridges. At the ventral edge the two valves meet equally.