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The SuperCollider language is an object oriented language. All entities in the language are objects. An object is something that has data, representing the object's state, and a set of operations that can be performed on the object. All objects are instances of some class which describes the structure of the object and its operations. Objects in SuperCollider include numbers, character strings, object collections, unit generators, wave samples, points, rectangles, graphical windows, graphical buttons, sliders and much more.
Operations upon objects are invoked by messages. A message is a request for an object, called the receiver, to perform one of its operations. The means by which the operation is performed is determined by the object's class.
Objects of different classes may implement the same message in different ways, each appropriate to the class of the object. For example all objects understand the
Many objects simply return themselves in response to
value, but other objects such as functions and streams first evaluate themselves and return the result of that evaluation.
The ability for different objects to react differently to the same message is known as polymorphism and is perhaps the most important concept in object oriented programming since it allows the object's behaviour to be abstract from the point of view of the user of the object (the client).
The set of messages to which an object responds to is known as its interface. A set of messages that implement a specific kind behaviour is known as a protocol. An object's interface may include several protocols which allow the object to interact in several different contexts. For example all objects implement the 'dependancy' protocol which allow the object to notify other dependant objects that the object has changed and that the dependant should do any necessary action to update itself.
An object's internal state may only be changed by sending it messages. This allows the implementation of the object to be hidden from the client. The advantage to this is that the client does not depend on the object's implementation and that that implementation can be changed without having to change the client.
See Messages for more information about messages.
An object's class contains the description of the object's data and operations. A class also describes how to create an object which is an instance of that class.
An object's data is contained in its instance variables. These are named variables that describe the object's state. The values of the instance variables are themselves objects. For example, instances of class Point have instance variables named 'x' and 'y' which contain the coordinate values of the Point.
An instance variable is only directly accessible from within the class itself. The author of a class may decide to expose instance variable access to clients by adding getter and/or setter messages to the class.
A method is a description of the operations necessary to implement a message for a particular class. The methods in a class tell how to implement messages sent to its instances. A class contains a method definition for each message to which its instances respond. Methods generally fall into several categories. Some methods inquire about some property of the receiver. Others ask the receiver to make some change to its internal state. Still others may ask the receiver to return some computed value.
See Classes for more details about instance and class variables and methods.


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Librados - expose checksums¶
Allow librados write operations to pass checksum metadata long with data buffers so that this information can follow the data all the way down the stack for verification at various layers. This will close one of several gaps in providing true end-to-end data integrity verification.
- Sage Weil (Red Hat)
- Name (Affiliation)
- Name (Affiliation)
We checksum data as it passes over the wire, and verify it on the other end (to detect network bit flips that TCP's checksumming misses).
We periodically read data off disk, calculate a new checksum, and compare it to replicas (to detect bit rot).
We use crc32c throughout.
Detailed Description¶We should define a generic, extensible way to describe the checksum of a buffer or data extent. We use crc32c today, but we should avoid locking ourselves into a single scheme for all time.
We should make new write call variants (e.g., rados_write2, rados_write_full2, etc.) that optionally accept checksum metdata for the data buffer being passed in. Same goes for the read operations (we should pass out the checksum metdata along with the data).
Initially, these will not do much.
Eventually, we can extend the internal protocol (the messenger on-wire protocol and/or the rados MOSDOp[Reply] encodings) to pass this data over the wire to the OSD and back.
In some cases, we can use it to populate the checksum fields in object_info_t (see other blueprint).
We can have options to control which layers of the stack recalculate the checksum over the current data buffer for verification against the provided checksum. We probably do not want to do this at every layer (too expensive), but should do it at least once before writing the data to disk, ideally at a point that avoids propagating a bit flip to multiple replicas.
Other things we might do with this later:
- pass checksum info through the ObjectStore interface
- add a rados class (or native rados op) to calculate/verify checksum info on the server side ("fixity check")
- define extensible checksum metadata structure
- define new librados read/write calls that include option checksum metadata (C and C++ interfaces)
- extend MOSDOp and MOSDOpReply to pass checksum metadata for the data payload
- allow this metadata, when present, to allow the messenger to skip the crc it is doing for the data payload

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Definitions of thrust:
- noun: verbal criticism
Example: "He enlivened his editorials with barbed thrusts at politicians"
- noun: the act of applying force to propel something
- noun: a thrusting blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument
- noun: the force used in pushing
Example: "The thrust of the jet engines"
- noun: a sharp hand gesture (resembling a blow)
Example: "He made a thrusting motion with his fist"
- verb: press or force
Example: "She thrust the letter into his hand"
- verb: push upward
Example: "The front of the trains that had collided head-on thrust up into the air"
- verb: geology: thrust (molten rock) into pre-existing rock
- verb: push forcefully
Example: "He thrust his chin forward"
- verb: impose or thrust urgently, importunately, or inexorably
- verb: penetrate or cut through with a sharp instrument
- verb: place or put with great energy
Example: "Thrust the money in the hands of the beggar"
- verb: make a thrusting forward movement
Search for thrust at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
"Works flawlessly!": RhymeZone apps for iPhone/iPad and Android!
Help, Feedback, Customize, Android app, iPhone/iPad app
Copyright © 2013 Datamuse

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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1. What is the standard moisture level in the charcoal?
2. How to calculate or measure the moisture content before selling/export?
3. Do you have any easy way to check if the moisture content is o.k.?
Basis of calculation: % Moisture ( wet weight ) = (weight of charcoal – dry charcoal) x100 /starting charcoal weight.
4. If we have high-tech tools to measure the moisture, what is the favorable level for charcoal / charcoal briquette export.
Please kindly reply
Normally, the charcoal / charcoal briquette moisture content should be in range of 7-10 %. However, there are some differences between charcoal (wood charcoal) and charcoal briquette.
1) If the charcoal manufacturer use water to extinguish the fire, then it would be somewhat higher moisture off the stove than to extinguish by closing the kiln, which almost no moisture left. Anyway, Usually charcoal will absorb the moisture in the atmosphere soon after you remove the charcoal from the kiln. If you do not put water directly to stop the carbonization (stop the charring), then the moisture content will not exceed 10%.
Other categories, such as mangrove charcoal imported from Myanmar, most of it will be humid because the sea water or sea water splashing into the boat. The salt is very rich in charcoal.
Ever is the time to send them to the destination. Countries with low humidity, like the Israel, the weight after 1 month storage can loose more than 5-10% in dry season. It has been my experience with clients who have experienced this but they were already aware of this problem at first (that is what I was told).
Conclusion is that rarely do they make it much moisture. But we can check easily and to be aware of is the time to pack a bag or box. If too damp can cause rot box or bag wet. You can test by packing and taking the box/bag under the sun and then, after back into the shade and cooling, open to check it.
Because containers can reach reach 60-70 degrees Celsius during shipping, if travel long distance like to Europe it will be more than 1 month, extreme heating/cooling will cause the problem.
2 ) Charcoal briquette with moisture higher than 10 percent moisture, it will become softened and mushy after a 1-2 day after packing. Thus, carry out a test (same as charcoal case), it is not difficult to know that the humidity is low enough or not.


Give one example to show that friction due to air is much smaller than friction due to liquid.Please answer. It is urgent.
Dear student,
Moving solid object is very easy in air than in liquid. As liquid provide more resistance. Moving a solid object through air is much easier than moving through water because of the fact that water has a greater density and a higher viscosity.
 - -2
What are you looking for?


My Turner connection ( or not )
My granny Nellie Crackett was born Ellenor Turner. When I started on my genealogy adventure the Turner line was one of the few that I felt sure about but that certainty was quickly dispelled when hunting for vital records further up the line. I discovered that my great grandfather George Murray Turner was about 3 years old when his "parents" married. His birth record states that he was illegitimate and gives his birth name as George Murray. However, following his mother's subsequent marriage he was raised as a Turner so I have decided to document the Turner connection while being aware that there is most likely a biological father still to be identified. George was raised by William Robinson Turner, son of John Thomas Turner son of John Turner. Although I have not yet checked records further back I have seen a few trees taking the line back several generations and plan to take a closer look at these.
2 thoughts on "Turner
 1. If he was registered as a Murray but then later renamed Turner once his parents remarried, there is also a good chance that William Robinson Turner was his biological father, but just born out of wedlock.
 My great-great-grandfather, Ralph Gray, was born out of wedlock in 1850 and his mother later married George Wilson. Ralph never took on the name Wilson, and George was referred to his stepfather (or his father-in-law, which was apparently also used to mean stepfather).
 A brother of another great-great-grandfather, William Mitton, was born out of wedlock in 1835 and baptised as William Armitstead. I know he has the same parents as my great-great-grandfather though, because on his baptism record his parents are (rather cheekily) listed as "Joseph Mitton Armitstead" and "Betty Armitstead". Joseph and Betty married later that year, and William then began using the name William Mitton.
 Sadly though, as fathers were not recorded on the birth certificates of illegitimate children, sometimes we will never know. Sometimes the biological father's names are however listed on baptism records, so always worth checking there.
 - No father on the birth record. I have not yet checked the baptism to see if there is a father on it.
 Since George named his oldest boy William Robinson Turner I did think to start with that there was a good chance of William sr being the biological parent of George. My problem with this theory though is that Barbara was in Coldstream when she gave birth to George and WRT comes from Great Lumley in County Durham. Their married life was half way between at Amble in Northumberland, but so far I have found no evidence that they were anywhere near each other at the time the deed was done. Maybe someday I might get the answer to the conundrum by DNA testing.
Constructive comments and new relatives are welcome:
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Va. school district encourages cell phone use in class
MARTINSVILLE, Va. (WTVR) — One Virginia school district is welcoming cell phones into classrooms after the devices were banned in many other districts across the country.
Many schools consider them a distraction and don't allow them on campus. But the Martinsville School District is encouraging kids to use them. Teachers say they're a valuable teaching tool.
"Information changes so quickly now, that they can get more up-to-date source information," says Spanish teacher Tonya Snyder. "If this is something that motivates the students and we can use it in the appropriate way then why not give them the opportunity to use their cell phones as a learning tool."
As for those kids that don't have smartphones? The district is providing them with a laptop or Ipad to use in class.


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A patent application from Apple published on Thursday shows the company is looking at ways to turn your iPhone into a personal assistant that learns from your actions. The patent describes how your iPhone could change the way it displays information and apps based on your habits or mood, and how it could anticipate your needs based on your activities.
Apple patent shows an iPhone that knows your mood and what you're doing
Apple's "Determining Preferential Device Behavior" patent describes a system where a device can learn based on a user's behaviors and then build profiles tailored to a specific person. The device could also track moods and use that information to help improve personalization, according to Patently Apple.
The system can also use location tracking to help deliver data and features in context. It could, for example, know when you're at work, at home, or on vacation, and adapt to each situation. If you leave on vacation, your iPhone could automatically shut off your morning alarm, and then reenable it after you return home.
Moods could be detected using the iPhone's built-in cameras and facial recognition, or voice recognition through the built-in mic. In essence, your iPhone could watch and listen to you all the time, just like a real personal assistant would, and react to your needs and mood.
The patent also makes mention of biometric sensors, hinting that the system could also be used as part of Apple's rumored health and fitness tracking plans.
A patent application isn't a promise of coming features, but this one does offer some interesting insight into what Apple may be considering for future iPhone models. An iPhone that can anticipate our needs and react based on what we're doing or how we're feeling, almost like a real person sounds like a very compelling feature.


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||Experimental study is an important methodology for ocean engineering research. However, measuring any physical parameters in the |
field involves the instrumentation to overcome a wide range of problems, such as robustness to the severe environment, limitation
of power supply and data storage, and also simplicity of operation. Taking seabed profile or bedform measurement as an example,
conductivity point gauge or ultra-sound non-contact profiler is usually adopted. Limited by the time needed per sampling, these
approaches are costly in operation if dense grid points are required to describe the variation of a long transect. In addition to
this drawback, the surface will be disturbed after conductivity-based contact probing. We propose using an off-the-shelf,
non-metric CCD camera along with a simple calibration methodology as an alternative to carry out the measurement. As the semiconductor
technology advances drastically, nowadays high quality CCD cameras are available with inexpensive prices. Recently, CCD camera emerges
as a convenient input sensor for many applications. However, generally it requires a delicate optical and geometrical calibration of
the camera before it can be used to carry out 2D or 3D measurement of the target. The optical parameters are focal length, distortion
of lens, optical axis offset, CCD array linearity and etc; and geometrical parameters are position and orientation of the CCD camera.
Some of these parameters are sensitive to the setup of the system, and a re-calibration is needed whenever the system is disassembled
or moved. We propose using a template on which grid points of known locations are used to construct several sub-mappings between measurement
coordinate system and image pixel coordinate system. This simple procedure is effective to meet the accuracy requirement for several applications.
In this work, this idea is adopted and verified in three different experiments: An underwater laser line scanner, a cross-section wave tank bedform
profiling and Particle Imaging Velocimetry.


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2.11.2 Speech Channel Objects
A Speech Channel object allows you to speak strings with slightly more
control than SpeakString(), and allows you to use multiple
speakers at the same time. Please note that channel pitch and rate are
interrelated in some way, so that to make your Macintosh sing you will
have to adjust both.
- SpeakText (str)
Start uttering the given string.
- Stop ()
- GetPitch ()
Return the current pitch of the channel, as a floating-point number.
- SetPitch (pitch)
Set the pitch of the channel.
- GetRate ()
Get the speech rate (utterances per minute) of the channel as a
floating point number.
- SetRate (rate)
Set the speech rate of the channel.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.


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Conventional remote sensing classification algorithms assume that the data in each class can be modelled using a multivariate Gaussian distribution. As this assumption is often not valid in practice, conventional algorithms do not perform well. In this paper, we present an independent component analysis (ICA)-based approach for unsupervised classification of multi/hyperspectral imagery. ICA used for a mixture model estimates the data density in each class and models class distributions with non-Gaussian (suband super-Gaussian) probability density functions, resulting in the ICA mixture model (ICAMM) algorithm. Independent components and the mixing matrix for each class are found using an extended information-maximization algorithm, and the class membership probabilities for each pixel are computed. The pixel is allocated to the class having maximum class membership probability to produce a classification. We apply the ICAMM algorithm for unsupervised classification of images obtained from both multispectral and hyperspectral sensors. Four feature extraction techniques are considered as a preprocessing step to reduce the dimensionality of the hyperspectral data. The results demonstrate that the ICAMM algorithm significantly outperforms the conventional K-means algorithm for land cover classification produced from both multiand hyperspectral remote sensing images.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)


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See Earth Day PACK for 4 days of materials and lesson plans, including this product for only $3.00: _URL_
The "Love Our Earth" Poem/Song and Puppet activities meet Reading Foundational Skills, Reading Literature, Speaking and Listening and Writing Standards.
*A poem/song chart (sung to the tune of Jingle Bells) about what we can do to take care of our earth with an activity guide for discussions, foundational skills activities, and activities to meet standard for Range of Reading and Range of Writing. Poem/song can be displayed on smartboard and/or reproduced for individuals.
*Earth Puppet with directions for assembling it (using paper plates) which involves a short writing activity. Students use these puppets and their writing to create a dramatization or personal response to the author's work or theme studied in class.
Plan is Core Aligned.
Note: I have these items as well as a reproducible book and a graphic organizer offerred together in a pack in my store. EARTH DAY KINDERGARTEN COMMON CORE PACK


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Kinect Hack Creates Actual 3D Telepresence
Microsoft Kinect hacking just got a little more interesting. There are tons of Kinect hacks now out there since the gaming accessory's release last year, but none of them achieve a 3D effect without the need for types of tracking. However, a professor and student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Computer Science department have created a way of making this happen.
Computer Science student Andrew Maimone created the 3D hack for his paper (overlooked by Professor Henry Fuchs) by setting up four Kinect sensors to capture the same images from different angles. Then, using a particular algorithm and GPU filters (for hole-filling, rendering etc), the images can be merged into one 3D image. For video, the cameras go through a number of steps, such as hole-filling, coloring, and quality before meshing the for the final 3D overlay.
Although the hack still looks a little rough, it certainly paves the way for a whole different aspect of creating cool Kinect hacks without the need for adding reference points. Check out the video below to see how the 3D Kinect looks, and keep checking back on Andrew's hack's page to see his full paper soon.
Like this? You might also enjoy...
- DIY Inkjet Printer Prints On Almost Any Surface
- Hack Gets MeeGo Onto Nook Color, Runs Seriously Well
- Giant Earth Globe Uses 10,000 OLEDs, Looks Awesome


History of Challenge Coins
By qualitycc
He succeeded avoided the German patrols by donning civilian attire and reached the front lines. With great difficulty, he crossed no man's land. Eventually, he stumbled onto a French outpost. Unfortunately, saboteurs had plagued the French in the sector. They sometimes masqueraded as civilians and wore civilian clothes. Not recognizing the young pilot's American accent, the French thought he was a saboteur and was ready to execute him. He had no identification to prove his allegiance, but he did have his leather pouch containing the medallion. He showed the medallion to his would-be executioners and one of his French captors recognized the squadron insignia on the medallion. They delayed his execution long enough for him to confirm his identity. Instead of shooting him they gave him a bottle of wine.
Back at his squadron, it became a tradition to ensure that all members carried their medallions or custom made coins at all times. This was accomplished through challenge in the following manner which a challenger would ask to see the medallion. If the challenger could not provide the personalized coins or medallions, they are required to buy a drink of choice for the member who challenged them. If the challenged member is able to provide a medallion, then the challenging member is required to pay for the drink. So that is the story behind challenge coin history and traditions.
WWII Challenge Coins History
Another tradition dates to US Military personnel assigned to occupy post World War II Germany. With the exchange rate, the West German One Pfennig coin was worth only a fraction of a U.S. cent and they were generally considered not having enough value to be worth keeping unless one is broke.
Servicemen would gather for a beer anywhere. If a soldier called out "Pfennig Check" everyone had to empty their pockets to show if they were saving any West German Pfennigs. If a soldier could provide a Pfennig, it means that he was nearly broke and if a soldier could not provide a Pfennig, it means that he had enough money to not bother saving them and have enough money to buy the next round.
Vietnam Challenge Coins History
The tradition of giving military coins dates back to Vietnam. Soldiers carry around a "lucky" weapon to help them or get away with it. At first, it was small arms ammunition, but this practice grew to much bigger and more dangerous ordnance as time wound on.
U.S. President Challenge Coins History
U.S President Custom Challenge Coins are a symbol of welcome and honor for visitors. It is a long tradition. So, do you know some custom challenge coins issued by presidents? It dates back to the 1990s.
Presidential Trump's Custom Metal Coins are awarded for his huge contribution. In November 2016, Trump got a challenge coin from the navy force.
President Barack Obama's coins are given out for air force soldiers by "secret handshake".
At 3rd September 2017, President George W. Bush received an unexpected challenge coin from Marine Corps in Anbar Province, Iraq.
In a word, the military coins are a symbol of glory which deserves our memory and respect. And it's a good idea to give honor coins like this as a proof of identity or as a gift to the military members.


_PHONE_ Monday - Aug 03, 2015
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Islamic Relief banner ad Ramadan 1436
Stark Law Terms Often Misunderstood by Physicians
By Adil Daudi, Esq.
Stark-GraphWith the government beginning to scrutinize a physicianâ€™s practice now more than ever, many physicians are starting to take a proactive role in understanding certain rules that have been implemented against them.
In January of 1992, Congress imposed and substantially changed the health care industry by introducing what is commonly referred to as the Stark law. Specifically, Stark law is comprised of Sections 1877 (42 U.S.C. Â§1395nn, applicable to Medicare) and 1903 (42 U.S.C. Â§1396b, applicable to Medicaid) of the Social Security Act.
Stark law governs physician self-referral for Medicare and Medicaid patients, and prohibits physicians from referring designated health services (DHS) to Medicare or Medicaid qualified patients to an entity where the physician, or an immediate family member of the physician, has a vested financial relationship.
Despite the unambiguous definitions, many physicians/hospitals have fallen prey to this law and have found themselves in substantial legal issues. For any physician, it is imperative for them to know and understand the basics of this law and what certain definitions mean; as the understanding of the simplest terms can help avoid potential litigation.
The following are the top three (3) definitions that many physicians often misunderstand: Please note, these definitions are not exclusive, and it is always strongly advised to consult with your attorney prior to any potential referrals that may fall under this rule.
1. Financial Relationship: An ownership or investment interest (through equity, debt or other means) in an entity; or a compensation arrangement between a physician, or immediate family member of a physician, and an entity.
2. DHS: The following are the type of services that are restricted under Stark: (i) clinical laboratory services, (ii) physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology services, (iii) radiology and certain other imaging services, (iv) radiation therapy services and supplies, (v) durable medical equipment and supplies, (vi) parenteral and enteral nutrients, equipment and supplies, (vii) prosthetics, orthotics, and prosthetic devices and supplies, (viii) home health services, (ix) outpatient prescription drugs, and (x) inpatient and outpatient hospital services.
3. Referral: Generally, a referral is considered a request by a physician for, or ordering of any DHS for which payment may can be made under Medicare Part B; in addition, it is a request by a physician to perform any DHS for which payment may be made under Medicare.
Despite these general terms, Stark law is a very complex rule that many physicians fail to take the interest in understanding. A physician who violates this rule is subject to the following penalties: denial of payment; required person would be required to refund amounts collected that were billed; and civil money penalty and being excluded from Medicare, Medicaid and other possible federal programs.
The above is simply an informative piece designed to help simplify certain terms under Stark law. Please consult with your own attorney to provide you with additional information that may be more specific to your situation and needs. Although the rule was implemented more than twenty-years ago, the government has recently begun to scrutinize the application of this rule.
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Development of nanocomposite membranes is of major research interest for water and wastewater treatment. Hollow fiber membranes (HFM), e.g., contain a semi-permeable barrier in the form of a hollow fiber. The primary interest in HFMs relates to their pore diameter and pore distribution. In this section, we look at a research example discussing hollow fiber filter membranes for biomedical application characterized by capillary flow porometry, a technique offered by Anton Paar – along with other instruments for measuring nanomaterials.
Pore size of hollow fiber membranes for biomedical applications
Ultrafiltration techniques like tangential flow filtration (TFF), also known as cross-flow filtration (CFF), are both fast and efficient methods for the separation of biomolecules and the purification of drinking water, and they are suitable for applications in immunology, protein chemistry and public health. The membranes used are tubular rather than flat sheets, so they can operate in a continuous mode with less potential for clogging. The hollow-fiber construction of these membranes represents a challenge to determining the sizes of pores in the fiber wall. The difficulty of analyzing hollow fibers has been overcome by a special preparation technique.
Characterization techniques: Capillary flow porometry measurement of pore size distributions in 4 distinct hollow fiber membranes, denoted HF1-4, was performed using Anton Paar's Porometer 3G. A length of each fiber (1 mm diameter, wall thickness 100 µm) was cut and glued into a specialized sample holder. After wetting with a fluorocarbon having zero contact angle with the samples (Porofil, Anton Paar), the holder was installed into the unit. Air pressure was applied to the interior lumen to push the wetting liquid through the pores to the outside; pressure and resulting air flow were measured automatically. Pore size was calculated using the Washburn equation, and the largest pore size computed from the bubble-point pressure.
Results and discussion
Pore size values are presented in Table 1. Sample HF2 had pores significantly larger than the other 3 samples. Interestingly, while the minimum and mean pore sizes of sample HF3 were smaller than those of sample HF4, the largest pore in sample HF3 was approximately 50 % larger than the largest pore in HF4.
Maximum Pore Size (nm)
Mean Flow Pore Size (nm)
Minimum Pore Size (nm)
Number distributions were calculated based on the internal geometric surface of the sample fibers (from gross dimensions) and are shown in the figure below. HF3 and HF4 appear much more similar in terms of overall size distribution, the greatest difference between them being the number of pores.
Determining the details of the critical pore sizes of a membrane in this way allows proper selection for the target separation/purification process.
Additional information
Application report:


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The Quarterback is the most important position on a football team. It is arguably the hardest to play.
1Develop a consistent throwing motion. This will help you gain accuracy and more confidence. Consistent footwork is also a key ingredient to a better Quarterback.
2Learn the playbook and your offenses routes. It is also helpful to understand your offenses strengths and weaknesses. Knowing your receivers routes will give you an advantage. Understanding the entire offense is crucial to the success of a QB especially in important games.
3Stay confident under pressured situations. You can build confidence by gaining more practice time, reps, and lots of practice.
- It takes time to gain confidence, don't worry about it and do your best.
- Trust in your teammates and especially yourself.
- Have faith in that your offensive line will protect you, let them do their job so that you can do yours.
4Practice makes perfect. Practice is a very important part of becoming a better QB. Repetitions in practice will make you a better player and also the team.
- Practice,practice and more practice.
- Know your strengths and weaknesses in practice so that when game day comes you are prepared.
- Even if you are the backup quarterback you still need to practice reps and throwing to receivers so that if the starting QB is injured or in a slump you are prepared.
- Stretch before throwing the football
- Build strength in your arms and your core
- Football players can get concussions, especially the quarterback
- Football is a dangerous sport so be prepared


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Machine learning methods for mRNA alternative splicing
Supervisor: Heejung Shim
Available for: MSc/PhD and undergraduate research projects.
Location: Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne
Project title: Machine learning methods for mRNA alternative splicing
Background: Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA allows a single gene to produce different proteins in eukaryotes, and they have been shown to affect various gene functions, and eventually disease. We have developed a method for inference of the underlying splicing processes using RNA-seq data and produced the software package, McSplicer (_URL_ Currently, we are building on the proposed method to develop new machine learning methods for identification of differential splicing events.
Proposed projects: The specific project will depend on the student's interest and background. Options are 1) benchmarking currently available methods against McSplicer and analyzing RNA-seq data to better understand splicing processes, 2) contributing to the development of new machine learning methods, or 3) software development for the new machine learning methods.
Learning outcomes: software development, statistics / machine learning, programming and analysis using Python (optionally R), statistical analysis of complex and large-scale genomic data, data visualization.


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A toolkit developed as part of a formative evaluation by the UNICEF Regional Office of young people's participation in the CEE/CIS region in 2005. It includes an overview of ethical issues and guidance on using 15 different evaluation tools/options with children, plus icebreakers and energizers to use in group activities.
This provides guidance in terms of some basic ethical principles. Respect for persons refers to a competent individual's right to self-determination. Beneficence refers to an investigator's obligation to protect participants from harm and maximize possible benefits. Justice refers to an obligation to ensure that the benefits and burdens of the activity are equitably distributed.
Acinonyx Cervidae Hircus: Child-Led Evaluation of the Building Skills for Life programme in CambodiaResourceExample2015
Okiko in pursuit of a snail: Child-Led Evaluation of the Building Skills for Life programme in KenyaResourceExample2015
This is a short report and toolkit that was put together by Nicola Sansom, CEO of S.A.L.V.E. International, as part of her Clore Social Leadership Fellowship practical research, to help to explore some ideas and just a few impact assessment tools that could be adapted for different contexts to help organisations that work with street-connected children and young people to measure their impact.


On Wet Plate Workshops
Photo: John Brewer
Photo: John Brewer
We've seen a small explosion in interest in wet plate recently and more course providers are starting to offer wet plate courses.
Here's a little check list if you're wondering how best to choose your wet plate course or if you even need one.
1. Do I need to attend a workshop?
While wet plate isn't inherently difficult troubleshooting can be difficult. We would recommend going to a workshop if you can.
Before attending a workshop we would recommend you ask and check with the tutor what will be covered.
2. How many people will attend a workshop?
We teach a maximum of four on my own or six if we are assisted.
3. Will chemistry be covered explaining what each individual component does?
4. Is the workshop two days or longer?
For example, in our opinion wet plate cannot be learnt in one day.
Here are more factors to consider;
5. Will you get a comprehensive manual so that you can continue on your own?
6. Does the tutor have experience in teaching?
7. Will you get to make images of different sizes?
8. Will the tutor explain the different types of cameras and lenses suitable for wet plate and will you get to try them?
10. Is the tutor a practising wet plate artist?
11. Can the tutor show you his or her work first hand or on a website?
If the answer to any of these is no we would recommend choosing a different workshop… and it just so happens that the highly experienced wet plate artist John Brewer offers workshops at Double Negative!
Photo: John Brewer
Photo: John Brewer
Photo: John Brewer at Double Negative Darkrooms
Photo: John Brewer at Double Negative Darkroom
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Born in 1905 to Norwegian parents in Buenos Aires, Norah Lange was a key figure in the Argentinean avant-garde of the early to mid-twentieth century. Though she began her career writing poetry in the ultraísta mode of urban modernism, her first major success came in 1937 with her memoir Notes from Childhood, followed by the companion memoir Before They Die, and the novels People in the Room and The Two Portraits. She contributed to the magazines Proa and Martín Fierro, and was a friend to figures such as Jorge Luis Borges, Pablo Neruda, and Federico García Lorca. From her teenage years, when her family home became the site of many literary gatherings, Lange was a mainstay of the Buenos Aires literary scene, and was famous for the flamboyant speeches she gave at parties in celebration of her fellow writers. She traveled widely alone and with her husband, the poet Oliverio Girondo, always returning to Buenos Aires, where she wrote in the house they shared, and where they continued to host legendary literary gatherings. She died in 1972.
Charlotte Whittle is a writer, editor, and translator from Spanish. Her essays and translations have appeared and are forthcoming in Mantis, The Literary Review, Guernica, Bookslut, Reading in Translation, Electric Literature, the Los Angeles Times, the Northwest Review of Books, and elsewhere. Her translation of Uruguayan poet Silvia Goldman's No-one Rises Indifferent to Sorrow was published in 2016, and she is currently translating novels by Norah Lange and Gustavo Espinosa. She is also an editor at Cardboard House Press, a bilingual nonprofit publisher specializing in Spanish and Latin American poetry.


New Role for the Middleman
Abigail T. COOKE <>
Concurrent Technologies Corporation
Historically, middlemen or intermediaries have fulfilled an important role in getting goods from the manufacturer to the end user -- for example, from farmer to broker to distributor to food store to consumer, or from steel mill to manufacturer's representative to machinist. Because the intermediaries don't change the physical attributes of an item, the only function they seem to perform is moving information. Electronic commerce is supposed to reduce the cost of goods through the elimination of brokers and distributors, by automating the exchange of information directly between the producer and the user. In practice, however, it becomes obvious that the middleman does more than just repeat information. He or she interprets, translates, catches errors, and in many other ways facilitates the transaction. Many skilled suppliers, such as farmers or machinists, don't want (or can't afford) to become experts at electronic commerce systems. They will hire someone to do this work for them: a new middleman. Examples from such diverse industries as aerospace and photography are used to demonstrate the range of possibilities for middlemen in the new world of electronic commerce.
1. Introduction
1.1 Definitions
Business relationships are the combination of contracts, courtesy, confidence, and communication that allows the buyer and seller to exchange things of value with a sense of tangible net gain.
A business relationship has endurance, meaning it supports repeated transactions. It is fault-tolerant, meaning that it supports the resolution of mistakes and problems. It is flexible, in the sense that it can accommodate some amount of change in the things being exchanged. It enhances each participant's position by satisfying some tangible material or personal need of each participant.
A business transaction results in tangible gain to each party. Acts of charity, where one party gains a sense of well-being or promise of benefit after death, are not business transactions. Likewise, acts of aggression, where both parties know that one party will lose while the other will gain, are not business transactions. Acts of entertainment or enlightenment, where one party gains an experience but no financial or material gain, nor the means to acquire financial or material gain, are not business transactions. These and other transactions are outside the scope of this paper, although they are certainly occurring in the e-commerce world and frequently involve middlemen.
Superior business relationships exist when each participant believes that this relationship is the best available method for satisfying his or her material or personal need or needs.
When the first buyer and the first seller exchanged things of value, they did it face to face. When the first buyer showed her purchase to her neighbor, the neighbor asked her to buy enough for two next time and gave her some item of value. The buyer, acting on her neighbor's behalf, exchanged that item of value for the seller's item and brought it back to her neighbor. Although this transaction used an intermediary, it is not the first example of a middleman because there was no tangible value gained by the first buyer. Some time later, the seller lowered his price to the buyer, who continued to receive the same payment from her neighbor. Thus, the middleman was born!
A middleman is a person or organization that facilitates the business relationship between a buyer and a seller, and earns a tangible gain from its activity.
It is in this context that we explore the new role for the middleman that results from the technology and systems we call electronic commerce.
1.2 U.S. Middlemen: _PHONE_
Much of what I know about middlemen comes from my own experience in the manufacture and distribution of electronic instruments and retail automation equipment. Most recently, I have had a unique opportunity to observe how electronic commerce affects the business models of smalland medium-sized manufacturers, as director of the Electronic Commerce Resource Center.
In my first professional job, I was an engineer in a circuit board fabrication facility for a large electronic instrument manufacturer. In those days, material requirements were determined on a monthly basis by taking the predicted sales of oscilloscopes and breaking that down to the number of each type of circuit board to be built. On a weekly basis, a report would be generated that would identify the changes to the monthly forecast. There was no automated way, however, to convert the number of individual circuit boards of all shapes and sizes into the number of 18x24-inch panels of copper-clad raw material, which is what the purchasing agent had to order. This conversion was a tedious, manual calculation.
Suppliers of the copper-clad raw materials were eager to sell their products, and their employees tried very hard to win and keep the account, including performing these calculations. The forecast and change reports were issued on paper, and of course, were considered company confidential. So, every Thursday, in the lobby of the Electrochem building, the father and son team that represented the laminate supplier would pore over the report for hours, in order to calculate the specific requirements so they could recommend to the purchasing agent what to order. If they had not done this work, the purchasing agent would have had to do it himself, and would have done it less frequently. By volunteering to do this tedious task, this supplier got better information sooner about what to order from their manufacturer. The purchasing agent got the benefit of a more carefully controlled inventory level than he could have achieved on his own. This supplier added value to the transaction by saving the company money in inventory-carrying costs.
As a production manager in a laser scanner factory, I implemented just-in-time approaches in my assembly areas and observed the adoption of vendor-managed inventory practices by the Materials group. In exchange for a commitment to purchase all of our electronic components from a particular supplier, the supplier set up and maintained an inventory stock in our factory, based on our production forecast. He kitted the parts into the particular assortment required to build a scanner and delivered them to the assembly area using a kanban system, which drew parts only when needed. This eliminated a few jobs in our warehouse, but the employees were hired by the supplier. In addition to saving my company the inventory carrying and kitting costs, we had 24-hour access to the supplier in case of quality problems or sudden changes in requirements.
I was hired by one of the laser scanner company's customers, a distributor of scanners to grocery and discount retailers. To my amazement, the retailers were willing to pay a third party (the distributor) to plan, schedule, ship, call for pickup, and repair scanners. The retailer was not avoiding a particularly difficult job by relying on us. Rather, the retailer was relying on us to do an excellent job on a trivial, noncore aspect of its business, namely, keeping the scanners running and expediting the conversion of nonscanning stores to scanning. What was an all-consuming business for us as a supplier was a mere detail to our customer. Our ability to perform this service consistently satisfied the customer's need for reliable, problem-solving service.
At the Electronic Commerce Resource Center, we have been observing, interpreting, and predicting the direction of business-to-business electronic commerce since 1994. Our objective is to help smaller businesses make sensible decisions about equipment investment, employee training, and subscriptions to electronic commerce services. [1] In 1995, a distributor of a data-over-copper-wire product came to our center and learned how to put up a Web page. Combining the World Wide Web's global reach with information about the manufacturer's approval as a supplier to the Army and their own less-than-book pricing, they were able to get orders from Army bases in Turkey, where previously their business had been limited to the Puget Sound area. Two years later, however, the distributor was somewhat disenchanted. Other distributors had followed their lead, leading to a price war that only stopped when the manufacturer intervened. The Army's electronic commerce initiative had served its purpose, lowering their average cost for this item by about 20 percent. The distributor had to retool his business to survive on lower margins, and was again differentiating himself from other distributors by offering rapid delivery, installation assistance, and so on.
1.3 Middlemen beyond the United States
This is an international conference, with representatives from all over the world. I have some personal knowledge of business practices in the European Union, South America, Israel, and Japan. I am well aware that what I don't know about how the world does business is much greater than what I do know. In this paper I have attempted to explain myself and use examples clearly enough so that those of you operating in different environments can recognize what applies and what does not.
2. There will always be a middleman
2.1 Human nature
As humans, we have developed a fairly standard response to conflicting pressures. When I am faced with the desire to make a deal, but fearful of being cheated, I seek out a mutually respected third party to assist in the transaction. Without some source of trusted assistance, the deal will not be made. By reducing the risk of the transaction, a trusted third party can increase the number of willing buyers as well as the number of willing sellers.
Fundamentally, middlemen absorb risk. In a slow, paper-based economy, they absorb currency foreign exchange risk. Where physical distance separates buyer and seller, they absorb transportation loss and damage risk. Where language and cultures differ, they absorb the risks of miscommunication and misunderstanding. Where buyer and seller are unknown to one another, they absorb the risk of bad intent. Unabsorbed, these risks reduce the number of willing buyers and willing sellers. With the middleman, these numbers increase, trade increases, and the compounding effects of the world economy generate benefits for all.
Vertical integration -- owning your sources of supply and of distribution -- was the historic alternative to middlemen. When the


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Prof David Watkinson
Project: AHRC/CDA in partnership with Historic Scotland and the Tank Museum Quantifying corrosion of historical wrought iron and steel to develop predictive preservation methods and strategies
Tank at the Tank Museum (copyright: Tank Museum)
This AHRC/CDA studentship project begins in October 2012. It will quantitatively determine corrosion rates of wrought iron and modern steels then assess the performance of selected protective coatings on their surfaces within a range of controlled environments. The data will be contextualized for heritage by examining how it can be used in evidence based management of ferrous metal heritage. Project partners are Historic Scotland and The Tank Museum, who will take an active part in the research, trial its outcomes and offer strong communication routes for dissemination to the sector.
This 3-year £365,000 interdisciplinary project was awarded to Cardiff University and is funded by the AHRC/EPSRC Science and Heritage Large Grants programme. David Watkinson is the Principal Investigator. It began in 2010 and it will define and measure the variables which influence the corrosion rate of archaeological and historic iron artefacts using real archaeological objects. Further to this it will develop methods of measuring the corrosive potential of storage and display environments. The project is a partnership between the Cardiff University Department of Archaeology and Conservation and the University of Manchester School of Materials.
Corrosion, cracking and lamination of archaeological iron hinge fragment.
Cardiff University Department of Archaeology and Conservation carried out scientific research that underpinned the preservation of Brunel's 1843 iron steamship ss Great Britain (Link to new project page on ss Great Britain.). The ship is a major visitor attraction in Bristol receiving 170,000 visitors in 2010 compared to 70,000 p.a. before its conservation. The preservation process is highly visible and involves desiccating the ship to stop it corroding, consequently it forms an integral part of the visitor experience. There is a feeling that Brunel would be proud of the cutting edge science and technology preserving his ship, as it sits well with his reputation as an innovator. The project has received £44,000 in funding. Collaboration and research with ss Great Britain trust continues to date.
The desiccated space beneath the dock roof and the ship sitting in the dry dock in which it was originally constructed
This £24,000 one year project is funded by Historic Scotland who are collaborating with Cardiff University to examine differing ways of removing paint from historic wrought iron, such as railings and canopies, in preparation for repainting. The goal is to begin to construct an evidence based platform for the conservation of historic wrought iron, leading to best practice guidelines for maintenance procedures.
Coating failure on cast iron (Picture Historic Scotland)


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find the counterfeit by minimum number of weighings
Hi, I got a question, can anyone please help me?
You have 10 stacks of coins, each consisting of 10 $1 coins. One entire stack is counterfeit, but you don't know which one. You do know the weight of a genuine $1 coin and you are also told that each counterfeit coin weighs 1 gram more than it should. You may weigh the coins on a pointer scale (ie not a set of scales with two dishes). What is the smallest number of weighings needed to determine which stack is counterfeit?
My current answer is 4 times. I will seperate 10 stacks become 4, 4, 2.
Then weigh 4, and 4, but not 2. If two 4 stacks are equal, then counterfeit is in 2.
If not, the heavier 4 will be the one contains counterfeit.
Then, seperate this heavier one become 2 and 2. Only weigh one of them, if yes, this one contains counterfeit, if not, the other one contains.
Then weigh only 1 of 2 for the one contains counterfeit, that will find the counterfeit.
So totally I weighed 4 times, will it be possible even less than 4? Thanks a lot.


This Is actually Why This Year Will certainly Be The Year Of Departure Result Manual.
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According to several of the writers of Ex Exodus Result Book, guide hases plenty of "exact wording as well as dimensions" that are actually "right on aim at". Additionally, they declare that many of the recipes in the system are "well-balanced for every person" as well as they are going to aid you to "recycle" your loan along with enabling you to "reside effectively." The principal emphasis nevertheless continues to be on exactly how one can easily "reprocess" amount of money and permit you to "receive the benefits of what The lord has actually presently provided you with His kid Jesus Christ." Additionally, guide emphasizes the truth that "eating well-balanced ways living a lifestyle of wealth", so you will certainly be actually blessed "along with the fruit products of your effort."
On web page 10 of Ex lover Exodus Effect Record, our experts discover a list of "minor ailments" that might have to cope with. Among all of them is actually joint inflammation, which is actually listed as "a painful condition that causes inflammation of the junctions". The writer also points out gastritis or even acid reflux as another "small illness" that induces "very painful stomach upsets and looseness of the bowels". Next off on the list is actually a checklist of digestion ailments, which includes "colic, or even worse, regurgitating regularly". Along with these, the following afflictions are noted as "terminal or even deadly" as provided on the following bullet factors: "illness of the Liver", "shackling ailments including encephalopathy, mental downtrend, and also Parkinson's health condition".
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How is cinnamon made?
Harvest cinnamon
how is cinnamon made? For high cinnamon forest: After planting 15-20 years, then start harvesting. There are two seasons for peeling cinnamon: spring cinnamon is peeled in March 2-3, good quality and cinnamon is harvested in late July and early August. Before harvesting, cut a piece of bark near the base to make water. and nutrition does not go up, so that cinnamon bark flakes off the trunk, the peeling process will be easy. If the trunk is too large, allow another two weeks for the bark to peel off the stem.
How is cinnamon made 1
How is cinnamon made 1
How to peel :
Take a special knife to peel cinnamon bark, cut a bark round the trunk at a position 50-60cm above the ground. Then again cut one round above 40cm below the ring, between the two circles cut a straight vertical line. From the top down, use a small knife to peel off the shell. Continue cutting the shell ring up to the end.
After harvesting cinnamon bark (peeled) for the first time, it is necessary to strengthen care for the stems to sprout again and grow strongly. After 10 years can be harvested a second time.
For low cinnamon forest:
– How is cinnamon made?
After planting 3-5 years, it can be harvested. Choose the biggest trees to cut, accounting for about 3/3 of the total number of trees per harvest. Cut the original tree to take the bark, cut the tree twice a year, then cut the tree again for the next 3 years. Each harvest can harvest 1.2-1.5 tons of fresh bark per hectare. Later on, every year of harvesting this way, the average yield can reach 1 – 1.2 tons of fresh pods / ha. 16-20 year old stumps can reach 20-25cm in diameter, the number of shoots into stems is about 8-14 stems, which is the beginning of the period of strongest growth. Cinnamon harvested to 70-80 years, until poor growth, then remove the old old roots, grow new cinnamon forest.
Processing cinnamon
How is cinnamon made 2
How is cinnamon made 2
Processing dried cinnamon bark:
How is cinnamon made:
Freshly collected bark, spread to the yard to dry and then dried into bundles of 20-25kg for drying. The kilns are designed to be small or large depending on the size of production per household, usually enough to dry 5-10 quintals of fresh shells. According to experience drying cinnamon spread a layer of rice bran to the bottom of the oven, spray tea water on the two ends of the shell, arrange bundles tightly, tightly press together, top cover a layer of bran and cover the top with a layer of rice. Allow cinnamon to evaporate while drying. Just incubation like that during drying, after 21 days, unloaded cinnamon from the oven. Dry at 70-75 degrees Celsius.
Storing essential oils:
Parts of cinnamon tree can store essential oils, but cinnamon bark is a higher value product, so rarely used for storage but mainly used as medicine. Cinnamon leaves picked, dried, bundled into bundles of about 10kg, stored in storage, 1 month after taking away essential oils.
Do not pick the leaves in the spring and before peeling them.
In addition to taking leaves to store essential oils, in the fall when plants stop growing, pruning small branches can also be used to distill fine oils.
How is cinnamon made 3
How is cinnamon made 3
How to store cinnamon essential oil as well as some aromatic oils in general, but need to pay attention to the separation and making of essential oils. Cinnamon essential oil is heavier than water, after distillation, a mixture of water and cinnamon essential oil is obtained. The heavier essential oil sinks to the bottom. But it takes a while to let the oil settle completely. If left in a low temperature, the sedimentation process will be faster and more thorough. Split the water above to recover the cinnamon essential oil below. Part of the filtered water still has a small amount of cinnamon essential oil. When drinking, it smells sweet, slightly spicy and very warm, weighs collected for sale to the purchasing establishments as medicine."- How is cinnamon made"
Preserving cinnamon products
How is cinnamon made.
After drying, put cinnamon bark neatly in cartons or bundle in plastic bags. Do not let broken cinnamon bark will reduce the quality of cinnamon. Cinnamon essential oil has the ability to corrode metal. The oil obtained after distillation should be put into enameled barrels or food plastic containers. Containers of essential oils should be sealed tightly. You can put a thin layer of water on top to limit evaporation of essential oils, while preventing exposure to air oxygen. Both dry cinnamon bark and cinnamon essential oil should be stored in a cool, dry place and avoid direct sunlight.
Now you know how to make cinnamon?
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GEF and UNEP Launch Global Platform for Efficient Lighting
25 September 2009: The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) have launched the "Global Market Transformation for Efficient Lighting Platform," a public-private partnership directed at reducing global energy demand for lighting.
The Platform aims to transform lighting markets, primarily in developing countries, by fostering the usage and production of energy efficient lighting while gradually discontinuing use of incandescent lighting, and substituting traditional fuel-based lighting with modern, efficient alternatives such as solid-state lighting (SSL) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps. It is hoped that, through these efforts, global demand for lighting energy can eventually be reduced by up to 18 percent.
In attendance for the event was UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner, who noted that "in terms of climate change, this is among the lowest of low-hanging fruit. Eight percent of global greenhouse gas emissions are linked with lighting; this project can by 2014 make a big dent in these while saving people money too." [UN News Centre] [GEF press release]


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I learn to swim and I have a common swimming pool in my apartment. But we don't have any trainer and I can't afford personal trainer. I don't know swimming but want to learn. Can i learn without any trainer.
if yes then please give me some tips on how to learn. My weight is 100 KG.
Also tell me me what accessories I should buy for swimming.
And can i go to swimming pool anytime or only in morning is better?
Thanks in advance
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I would suggest asking your other questions in new ones _USER_, because they don't really fit your problem. With regards to the gear, please have a look around for what kind of gear is available and ask how they might aid you with learning how to swim. – Ivo Flipse Jul 1 '11 at 12:48
3 Answers 3
up vote 9 down vote accepted
Safety first, if you want to learn to swim (as an adult), make sure you try it in a swimming pool where you can easily stand up if things go wrong and have supervision around in case of an emergency.
As someone who has learned several children to swim, I'd say its pretty hard to learn it yourself properly. Why? Because you can read the words, but that doesn't mean you'll be able to correct yourself if you do something wrong. But if you really put your mind to it, I do think it can be done.
The usual order of learning to swim goes sort of like this:
 - Get used to water, lose the fear of getting your head under water, learn how to hold your breath and breathing out under water. As an adult this step should be easy, but don't underestimate it. If you want to swim, you need to accept you're in the water, stop trying to keep as much of your body out of it.
 - Learn how to float. This is by far the most important thing to learn if you want to swim. You see, your body is perfectly able to float without you having to anything. They key to this is exhaling deeply, filling your belly with air and relax as much as possible. While its easier to float on your back, since you can keep breathing, new swimmers will often let their butt sink down which will hurts your floating.
 - Start floating on your belly. Basically start at the edge of the pool, pull up your legs and push off. Then try to float in a straight line until your feel the urge to breath and stand up again. Try to have a position like in this image from Swimator Note: you should be floating at the surface, just mimic the posture: enter image description here
 Keep practicing this until you can float like this for at least 10 seconds without 'tumbling' over. An important thing to learn is to put your head into the water, trying to keep your head up, will 'push' your back down and ruin your floating position.
 - Next move on to floating on your back (watch your head, seriously!). You simply start in a reversed position compared to floating on your back. Hold the edges of the pool while pulling up your legs, then push off. Try to keep the same position as on your belly, putting your head between the arms and keep it in the water.
 In contrast to floating on your belly, you should practice to maintain this position for a longer period of time. This requires you to breath in and out of a relaxed and controlled fashion. You'll notice that you start to sink when you breath out or that your buttocks start to sink deeper, so you'll have to learn how to adept to these situations. Have a look at this ehow video for more information
 - Learn how to move while floating. Once you've really nailed the floating, its time to learn how to move while still trying to float. The reason I tell you to push off the side of the pool is because this keeps you moving. Like a bicycle, its easier to maintain your balance if you're moving than standing still. Likewise, kicking your legs can 'push' you upwards a little bit to make floating easier.
 However, remember that you shouldn't have to move to be able to float! This is important, because you'll often see poor swimmers kick like crazy, while not moving very far. That's because the water has a high resistance, if you increase your frontal surface, you're effectively slowing yourself down. That's why all swimming movements are cyclic movements and when you make a stroke, you want to use that energy as efficiently as possible: by keeping your body stretched out and simply floating.
 Because it can be quite difficult to learn how to move both your arms and legs at the same time, its often easier to start with the legs first, simply kicking your legs while floating in your back or belly. The first leg movement to learn would be the breaststroke leg movement. As this ehow video shows, you can practice this out of the water. Preferably you have somebody film you or help you guide to learn the motions properly. This may feel silly, but there are countless of'self-learned' swimmers who have a very inefficient kick, who kick without actually pushing themselves forward.
One last word of advice, don't get overconfident of your swimming skills. Take the time to practice the basic skills first, before moving on to learning strokes. I can guarantee you that better basic skills will do more for your safety while swimming than learning any stroke at all.
Feel free to come back with any followup questions if you have trouble with any of these steps and in the mean time, have a look at several other swimming resources.
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Great tips. Thanks very much. Please answer my last 2 questions too – Jitendra Vyas Jul 1 '11 at 12:24
Would it be good to buy any swimming accessories. Like shorts for swimming, Glasses, Ear cover etc. – Jitendra Vyas Jul 1 '11 at 12:25
Don't swim in shorts, get a pair of Speedo's. Why? Because shorts or at least tight swimming clothing has much less drag + weight, which will help a lot with learning to swim. Glass are fine, as long as its not the diving type. At least it will help you see clearly, which could help maintaining your balance. Ear covers shouldn't be needed unless you have any ear conditions. For the rest, you should be able to learn how to swim without any. Perhaps one of those boards which you can hold on to while learning to float might help. – Ivo Flipse Jul 1 '11 at 12:46
There are two things that I learnt before I got any good at swimming.
The first I learnt in elementary school ages ago and that was to go into the shallow end of the pool, dip down to about chest height and then wrap yourself into fetal position. What that did for me was it thought me that I can float and also to learn to relax in the water. Mind you your head will be under water, but it part of learning to relax and hold your breath.
The second thing I learnt from a friend was the dog paddle. Essentially you swim like a dog. You can easily keep your head above water and the movements are easy to do. From there you can slowly experiment and learn to swim in other styles.
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As a kid, I took many years of swimming lessons. I discovered that learning how to swim, in the notion of staying afloat, is a mental skill that no one can teach you. Fear of drowning causes you to struggle. Struggling causes you to sink. Therefore, to not drown, you should stop being scared so you don't struggle. For me, the moment I realized this I instantly transitioned from using the kiddie boogie board to being able to float. It was an instant revelation. It was not a gradual learning process where I could somehow increase my buoyancy. You either drown or float - there is no in between.
If we're talking about how to swim technically, then yes, you do need an instructor. An instructor will teach you all the styles: breast stroke, back stroke, etc... He will correct your form for maximum speed and efficiency. He will show you how to place your hands and form your body to cut the water cleanly on a dive, for example.
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Geographic targeting orders are a tool used by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) to detect and prevent money laundering. Geographic targeting orders impose AML requirements on obligated firms, in addition to standard Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) AML/CFT obligations, when they deal with certain transactions over a specified value.
Geographic targeting orders are often used by FinCEN to prevent money laundering on the high-value real estate market. Given their scope, financial institutions in the United States should understand the regulatory requirements that will be imposed upon them under a geographic targeting order and how their AML responsibilities will be affected.
A geographic targeting order (GTO) affects financial institutions within specific areas of the United States, imposing additional record-keeping and reporting requirements for transactions over a certain value. FinCEN issues GTOs under the authority of the BSA (31 USC 310).
Each GTO sets out the areas of the United States in which it is applicable and what types of firms must comply with its record-keeping and reporting obligations. GTOs are issued for a limited period of time. Prior to 2001, GTOs were valid for up to 60 days, but under the US Patriot Act, that limit was extended to 180 days. FinCEN can extend that 180-day period in certain circumstances.
Noncompliance with a GTO may result in both criminal and civil penalties. FinCEN may impose fines of up to $500,000 and seek individual prison sentences of between 5 and 10 years.
Under standard Bank Secrecy Act AML/CFT requirements, firms must submit reports to FinCEN for transactions that exceed $10,000. Under a GTO, FinCEN can set that threshold at any level, mandating reports for any transaction value.
Relevant transactions should be reported to FinCEN within 30 days. Like the standard BSA reporting requirement, GTO transaction reports should be submitted via IRS form 8300 and include the following information:
- The identity of the individual representing the firm, along with identity verification documents such as driver's license or passport.
- The identity of the purchasing individual or entity, or the purchaser's beneficial ownership.
- Transaction details, including the amount transferred, total purchase price and date of closure.
GTOs are often issued to prevent criminals using the real estate market to launder money. In 2019, FinCEN extended a geographic targeting order for high-value real estate transactions in locations across the United States, lowering the transaction reporting threshold to $300,000. The GTO applies to all title insurance companies handling real estate transactions that meet the following criteria:
- The purchaser is a legal entity, defined by the GTO as a corporation, LLC, partnership or similar.
- The transaction is valued at the GTO purchase price threshold, in this case $300,000.
- The purchase is made in cash without a loan or similar external financing.
- The purchase is made, in any part, using currency or check.
The geographic areas in which the GTO applies are:
- The Texas counties of Bexar, Tarrant or Dallas
- The Florida counties of Miami-Dade, Broward or Palm Beach
- The Boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, Staten Island or Manhattan in New York City, New York
- The California counties of San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Mateo or Santa Clara
- The City and County of Honolulu in Hawaii
- The Nevada county of Clark
- The Washington county of King
- The Massachusetts counties of Suffolk or Middlesex
- The Illinois county of Cook
Firms must understand how GTO requirements will affect them and ensure the order is integrated into existing AML/CFT compliance programs. Under the BSA, firms should already have customer due diligence and transaction monitoring processes in place to identify customers and beneficial owners and should seek to align those objectives with the GTO for efficiency and accuracy. Similarly, AML/CFT teams should understand the details of a GTO and be prepared to ensure ongoing compliance should FinCEN extend the order past its 180-day limit.
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We propose atmospheric (free-space) optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems. We analyze the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed system using pulse position modulation (PPM) taking into consideration the effects of scintillation, avalanche photodiode (APD) noise, thermal noise, and multiuser interference. We show that atmospheric optical CDMA systems can realize communications at a bit rate of 156 Mbps when the logarithm variance of the scintillation σs2 is smaller than, or equal to, 0.1. When σs2 is large, we need to use forward error correction codes (FECs).


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From the article:
This paper is concerned with the development of a new class of single pan high efficiency, low emission stoves, named gasifier stoves that promise constant power that can be controlled using any solid biomass fuel in the form of pellets. These stoves use battery-run fan based air supply for gasification (primary air) and for combustion (secondary air). Design with the correct secondary air flow ensures near stoichiometric combustion that allows attainment of peak combustion temperatures with accompanying high water boiling efficiencies (up to 50 % for vessels of practical relevance) and very low emissions (of carbon monoxide, particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen). The use of high density agro-residue based pellets or coconut shell pieces ensures operational duration of about an hour or more at power levels of 3 kWth (∼12 g/min). The principles involved, the optimization aspects of the design are outlined. The dependence of efficiency and emissions on the design parameters are described. The field imperatives that drive the choice of the rechargeable battery source and the fan are brought out.
The process development, testing and internal qualification tasks were undertaken by Indian Institute of Science. Product development including improvements on the ceramic chamber, battery pack, the fan and the final shape of the stove on the one hand and the fuel pellet production process on the other were dealt with by First energy Private Ltd (denoted by FEPL). The process of business development was of course completely dealt with by FEPL. Close interaction at several times during this period has helped progress the project from the laboratory to large scale commercial operation.
This technology was initially developed as a business by BP, India (earlier) and subsequently taken on by FEPL. At this time, over four hundred thousand stoves have been sold in four states in India. Oorja-Plus is widely sold currently and Oorja-Super is yet to enter the market. The implications of such developments to the domestic cooking scenario of India are briefly brought out.


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Publications (2)0 Total impact
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To investigate the change and effect of SSeCKS (src suppressed c kinase substrates) in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). HSCs were isolated from normal rats, the change of SSeCKS mRNA expression on HSCs culture in vitro was determined using real-time PCR, protein level was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence methods. A rat model of liver fibrosis was established. The expression and location of SSeCKS and alpha-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) in liver tissues were detected by immunofluorescence methods. SSeCKS mRNA expression was low in freshly isolated HSCs cell and the expression increased in activated HSCs in vitro. In liver fibrosis tissue, the number of SSeCKS-positive cells was increased and these cells were distributed along the sinusoids which also contained alpha-SMA positive cells. The expression of SSeCKS was increased in activated HSCs in vitro. Therefore, SSeCKS may be involved in the liver inflammation and fibrosis.Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 08/2008; 47(7):570-3.
- Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 02/2008; 16(1):57-8.


slow, if there are enough of them running at the same time. Little known fact: all of the component accessors in MonoBehaviour, things like transform, renderer, and audio, are equivalent to their GetComponent(Transform) counterparts, and they are actually a bit slow. GameObject.FindWithTag has been optimized, but in some cases, for example, in inner loops, or on scripts that run on a lot of instances, this script might be a bit slow.
This is a better version of the script.
 // EnemyAI.js
 var speed = 5.0;
 private var myTransform : Transform;
 private var playerTransform : Transform;
 function Start () {
 myTransform = transform;
 playerTransform = GameObject.FindWithTag("Player").transform;
 function Update () {
 myTransform.position += myTransform.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime;
Minimize expensive math functions
Transcendental functions (Mathf.Sin, Mathf.Pow, etc), Division, and Square Root all take about 100x the time of a multiplication. (In the grand scheme of things, no time at all, but if you are calling them thousands of times per frame it can add up).
The most common case of this is vector normalization. If you are normalizing the same vector over and over, consider normalizing it once instead and caching the result for use later.
If you are both using the length of a vector and normalizing it, it would be faster to obtain the normalized vector by multiplying the vector by the reciprocal of the length rather than by using the.normalized property.
If you are comparing distances, you don't have to compare the actual distances. You can compare the squares of the distances instead by using the.sqrMagnitude property and save a square root or two.
Another one, if you are dividing over and over by a constant c, you can multiply by the reciprocal instead. Calculate the reciprocal first by doing 1.0/c.
Only execute expensive operations occasionally, e.g. Physics.Raycast()
If you have to do something expensive, you might be able to optimize it by doing it less often and caching the result. For example, consider a projectile script that uses Raycast:
 // Bullet.js
 var speed = 5.0;
 function FixedUpdate () {
 var distanceThisFrame = speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;
 var hit : RaycastHit;
 // every frame, we cast a ray forward from where we are to where we will be next frame
 if(Physics.Raycast(transform.position, transform.forward, hit, distanceThisFrame)) {
 // Do hit
 } else {
 transform.position += transform.forward * distanceThisFrame;
Right away, we could improve the script by replacing FixedUpdate with Update and fixedDeltaTime with deltaTime. FixedUpdate refers to the Physics update, which happens more often than the frame update. But let's go even further by only raycasting every n seconds. A smaller n gives greater temporal resolution, and a bigger n gives better performance. The bigger and slower your targets are, the bigger n can be before temporal aliasing occurs. (Appearance of latency, where the player hit the target, but the explosion appears where the target used to be n seconds ago, or the player hit the target, but the projectile goes right through).
 // BulletOptimized.js
 var speed = 5.0;
 var interval = 0.4; // this is 'n', in seconds.
 private var begin : Vector3;
 private var timer = 0.0;
 private var hasHit = false;
 private var timeTillImpact = 0.0;
 private var hit : RaycastHit;
 // set up initial interval
 function Start () {
 begin = transform.position;
 timer = interval+1;
 function Update () {
 // don't allow an interval smaller than the frame.
 var usedInterval = interval;
 if(Time.deltaTime > usedInterval) usedInterval = Time.deltaTime;
 // every interval, we cast a ray forward from where we were at the start of this interval
 // to where we will be at the start of the next interval
 if(!hasHit && timer >= usedInterval) {
 timer = 0;
 var distanceThisInterval = speed * usedInterval;
 if(Physics.Raycast(begin, transform.forward, hit, distanceThisInterval)) {
 hasHit = true;
 if(speed!= 0) timeTillImpact = hit.distance / speed;
 begin += transform.forward * distanceThisInterval;
 timer += Time.deltaTime;
 // after the Raycast hit something, wait until the bullet has traveled
 // about as far as the ray traveled to do the actual hit
 if(hasHit && timer > timeTillImpact) {
 // Do hit
 } else {
 transform.position += transform.forward * speed * Time.deltaTime;
Minimize callstack overhead in inner loops
Just calling a function has a little bit of overhead in itself. If you are calling things like x = Mathf.Abs(x) thousands of times per frame, it might be better to just do x = (x > 0? x : -x); instead.
Optimizing Physics Performance
The NVIDIA PhysX physics engine used by Unity is available on mobiles, but the performance limits of the hardware will be reached more easily on mobile platforms than desktops.
Here are some tips for tuning physics to get better performance on mobiles:-
 - You can adjust the Fixed Timestep setting (in the Time manager) to reduce the time spent on physics updates. Increasing the timestep will reduce the CPU overhead at the expense of the accuracy of the physics. Often, lower accuracy is an acceptable tradeoff for increased speed.
 - Set the Maximum Allowed Timestep in the Time manager in the 8–10fps range to cap the time spent on physics in the worst case scenario.
 - Mesh colliders have a much higher performance overhead than primitive colliders, so use them sparingly. It is often possible to approximate the shape of a mesh by using child objects with primitive colliders. The child colliders will be controlled collectively as a single compound collider by the rigidbody on the parent.
 - While wheel colliders are not strictly colliders in the sense of solid objects, they nonetheless have a high CPU overhead.
Rendering Optimizations


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Word of the Week--"Fjord"
Definition--a long narrow steep-sided inlet of the sea between two steep slopes, e.g. in Norway, Greenland or Alaska, formed by the flooding of a previously glaciated valley.
Discussion--If you look up words that start with the letters "fj" in the allwords dictionary, you won't find much. (And if you believed my elementary school teachers, you shouldn't find anything.) Few Scandinavian words have migrated to English or the Romance languages, and "fj" is a decidedly Scandinavian consonant construction.
I love the sound of the term fjord and have dubbed it my favorite "fj" word. It is a lonely term in our language, just as a fjord is generally a lonely place. Deep water surrounded by cliffs can have an oppressive feel, but I suspect they are just the place for quiet contemplation.
Etymology--Not surprisingly, Fjord has Scandinavian roots. It is Norwegian, from the Old Norse fjr.
The languages below show all show the same roots.
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Staff Terminations - Ending the Employment Without Ruining the Relationship
Wed, 14 Apr 2010 - 4:09 PM CST
When churches terminate staff, the resulting implications can be both spiritual and legal. As Christians, we have an obligation to support and encourage our brothers and sisters. We should not leave them in despair simply because their employment did not work out as hoped. Even when an employee's conduct is unacceptable, our task is restoration, not demolition. In order to achieve these spiritual goals, the starting point is the termination process. Although termination decisions are often challenged, the termination process itself seldom causes legal liability. Instead, litigation often results if the termination process is handled poorly and does not defuse the situation. The termination process most often affects the individual's decision to sue, not the basis for suit.
Terminations are uncomfortable—they should be. Nevertheless, churches should not wait for problem employees to leave on their own, nor subtly encourage resignation. People are resources—like the talent a man was given (see Matthew 25:18). If a resource is not being used, it is being wasted. Human resources need to be developed and used; otherwise, they must be released to be useful elsewhere.
As strange as it sounds, the termination process begins before the hiring process starts. One of the principle reasons for termination is the employee's failure to meet expectations. However, for expectations to be met, they must be identified and then communicated. Too often, churches hire someone without a clear understanding of their role as employers. There will always be surprises, but they will be less disruptive when the expectations are clear at the outset.
Communicating expectations does not stop at the point of hiring. Expectations sometimes change because of new circumstances or because the employee has become more competent. Just as it is frustrating for the pastor to find things not done as expected, it is frustrating for staff members to be criticized for not doing something they did not realize should have been done.
Letting employees know how they are performing is important. All too often, employment relationships break down because the employees' inadequate performance does not improve. Although communicating performance deficiencies is no guarantee, improvement is unlikely without it. As always, Jesus is our example. He was just as apt to chastise wrongs as He was to praise accomplishments.
Communicating performance issues ensures that the subordinate understands the concern and provides the chance to learn from it. The idea is not simply to complain about the employee's behavior; the idea is to explain how to do better.
The key to communication is making sure the recipient understands the message. Too often, disciplinary conversations end prematurely. The pastor believes that the message was given, but the subordinate does not understand the message or does not understand the seriousness of the issue. The net result is worse than if nothing is said at all. The senior pastor will believe wrongly that future poor performance is a sign of disobedience or disrespect.
The message must be understood. If it is a serious issue, the best way to guarantee understanding is to document the oral conversation. This does not need to be a formal written warning. It may be a simple note confirming expectations, a list of resources to help improve, or a periodic performance evaluation. The key is the effect. People are affected more by the written word than by the spoken word. Employees must understand that documenting performance issues is not automatically a prelude to termination—it is one of the best methods for correcting performance and thereby eliminating the need for termination. Written documentation helps focus both parties' attention on the same goal—correction.
Documentation is also helpful in the termination process. Losing a job is never fun, but it does not have to be devastating. It can force a person to grow personally or spiritually, or it may open up new opportunities. Each of these are hindered if the individual harbors resentment.
Having documentation makes certain that the basis for the decision to terminate is clear and understood. For example, consider a termination meeting where part of the decisional basis is an undocumented warning months before. It is not uncommon for the subordinate to disagree, either because the individual did not remember the incident, remembered it differently, or did not understand that the pastor's "casual" comment was a warning. Documentation resolves this problem. It is hard to disagree about being late if a list of specific dates is provided. Memories alone are seldom good enough to argue against specifics. The goal is not for the individual to agree that the conduct merited discharge, only that the conduct underlying the decision actually occurred.
In planning the termination, consider these factors:
 1. Make sure that the decisional basis is proper in your jurisdiction and that any specific procedural requirements (i.e., final wages, unpaid vacation, continuing health insurance, etc.) are met.
 2. Conduct the termination meeting away from other people but not at a place that encourages free discussion.
 3. Communicate the decision to terminate only if you are the person responsible for the decision.
 4. Have a witness who is supportive of the decision, respected by the person being terminated, and who will remain silent during the meeting.
 5. Communicate the decision without any suggestion of disagreement or disapproval.
 6. To minimize embarrassment and disruption, plan the meeting for a time when few others are present.
 7. Outline the meeting in advance and retain the notes to make sure each point is covered.
 8. Limit conversation to include the decision, the reason for the decision (including details and documentation), an explanation of the actual termination and separation process, and what will be said to others.
 9. Explain the benefits that will be provided. The primary concern for someone who loses a job is getting another job. A willingness to help is often more important and less costly than typical termination benefits. The more inventive and personalized the approach, the better.
Working for a church is more than just a job—it is a calling. Nevertheless, it is still employment with all the practical ramifications of employment. One of those ramifications is that jobs end. As a religious employer, the goal is to end the job, but only the job. To keep the individual moving forward spiritually, employers must be sure their conduct does not cause terminated employees to keep looking backward. Employers must help employees see their termination as a new beginning to their life and not as an epilogue.
Jeffrey S. Fowler, J.D., is a labor and employment attorney with a Chicago law firm. He and his family attend Bethel Assembly of God, Elmhurst, Illinois.


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Definitions of clack
n. - To make a sudden, sharp noise, or a succesion of such noises, as by striking an object, or by collision of parts; to rattle; to click. 2
n. - To utter words rapidly and continually, or with abruptness; to let the tongue run. 2
v. t. - To cause to make a sudden, sharp noise, or succession of noises; to click. 2
v. t. - To utter rapidly and inconsiderately. 2
v. t. - A sharp, abrupt noise, or succession of noises, made by striking an object. 2
v. t. - Anything that causes a clacking noise, as the clapper of a mill, or a clack valve. 2
v. t. - Continual or importunate talk; prattle; prating. 2
The word "clack" uses 5 letters: A C C K L.
No direct anagrams for clack found in this word list.
List shorter words within clack, sorted by length
All words formed from clack by changing one letter
Browse words starting with clack by next letter


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SPENCER CREEK. Spencer Creek rises at Spencer Springs in the southeastern Chinati Mountains in southwest Presidio County (at 29°48' N, 104°27' W) and runs southwest for fourteen miles to its mouth on the Rio Grande, one mile below Adobes (at 29°42' N, 104°31' W). It crosses desert mountain terrain of sedimentary deposits and inactive alluvial fans of gravel and sand that support sparse grasses, cacti, and desert shrubs. The creek was named for John Spencer, an early Presidio County settler, who operated a horse ranch on the creek near Indio in the 1850s.
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article."SPENCER CREEK," Handbook of Texas Online (_URL_ accessed May 25, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.