text:
of soliton wings due to dispersive waves and correspondingly of properties of steady states of a pair of interacting solitons, we decrease the magnitude of the lumped saturable absorber up to zero. Simultaneously we increase the value of the distributed nonlinear losses thus that the total losses for a weak signal for one pass of a field through the resonator remain constant. If our hypothesis is true, then dispersive waves should weaken up to zero and the amplitude of soliton wings should decrease that will result in the change of properties of bound steady states.
Figure 16 shows the spectral change in a single soliton with varying lumped part of nonlinear losses. One can see the decrease and disappearance of sidebands in the soliton spectrum with decreasing. Figure 17 shows the decrease of a bounding energy for the first excited steady state of a pair of bounding solitons with decreasing values. Figure 18 shows the decrease of the soliton wing with decreasing lumped part of nonlinear losses. These results demonstrate the role of dispersive waves in a formation of powerful soliton wings which determine properties of bound steady state of interacting solitons.
We have developed a theoretical model to describe several behaviors which are usually observed in passively mode-locked fiber lasers. The model is based on a fiber exhibiting optical Kerr nonlinearity, gain and group velocity dispersions, and saturable gain. For our analysis, we use typical parameters for ytterbiumand erbium-doped fiber lasers operating in the normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. Two mechanisms of nonlinear losses have been analyzed. One of them is related with the nonlinear polarization rotation technique. The other is due to a saturable absorber. For both mechanisms, the analogical results have been obtained. In our study, we have chosen such laser parameters for which the researched phenomena are manifested most clearly. With other parameters, we have observed various modifications of investigated regimes. For example, we have observed the temporal oscillations of soliton amplitudes in bound states. For some parameters, the lower states were unstable. As a result of this instability, a soliton pair transits into a higher steady state. With other parameters, this instability results in a merge of solitons. With certain parameters, the investigated phenomena are masked by period-doubling effects.
The multiple-pulse passive mode-locking has been carefully investigated. It is determined by a coexistence and a competition of pulses amplified in a common gain medium. The multiple-pulse operation is realized through the effect of a quantization of intracavity radiation into identical dissipative solitons. A number of identical pulses in a laser cavity as a function of pumping are determined by multihysteresis dependence. These results are in good agreement with experimental data reported in the literature (see e.g., ). It is shown that the multihysteresis dependence of a number of pulses on pumping results in analogical multihysteresis dependences for an intracavity energy and a peak intensity of intracavity solitons.
It is found that a competition and a coexistence of solitons in a laser cavity is determined by the dependence of the nonlinear-dispersion part of an amplification on a peak intensity of solitons (see Figures 7 and 9). For achievement of a single-pulse generation, it is necessary to increase the parameter that the condition is satisfied for all intracavity pulses. In this case, the multiple-pulse generation is suppressed and, as result, the single pulse operation is realized. In such a way, it is possible to expect a generation of pulses with extremely high energy. This problem demands detailed studying.
Usually at a multiple-pulse generation, all pulses have identical parameters. It is realized when a hard regime of an annihilation and an excitation of new pulses is realized. However, as it is shown in the given paper, the soft regime of an annihilation and an excitation is also possible. In this case, one of pulses has smaller amplitude than other pulses having identical parameters.
An interaction of pulses through an interference of their wings in fast intracavity nonlinear medium is more fine effect than the realization of a multiple-pulse generation. The dependence of the nonlinear-dispersion part of an amplification on a peak intensity of solitons dictates the phase difference of interacting solitons: it is close to,, 0. However, various stationary states have distinguished degrees of stability. The degree of stability essentially depends on type of nonlinearity and from values of nonlinear-dispersion parameters. This fact is well known from the papers [32, 52]. If master equation is close to nonlinear Schrödinger equation (dissipative terms are small), then all steady states are unstable, but steady states with phase difference have extremely weak instability, that is, they are practically stable. If dissipative terms are not small, then steady states are merely stable (authors of both the papers used model with complex quadratic dispersion and complex cubic-quintic nonlinearity).
Thanks to powerful wings, large binding energies of interacting solitons can be obtained. In our numerical experiment, we have realized high-stable noise-proof multisoliton molecules. We have shown that sets of various types of bonds between neighboring pulses in such molecule can be obtained. Accordingly, the coding of the information in these soliton sequences can be realized through various distributions of types of bonds between neighboring pulses along a soliton chain. Dense packing of pulses in the bound soliton sequence provides high speed of transfer of an information in fiber communications line working in nonlinear bound-soliton-based regime. Such systems can be also useful for storage and processing of an information. The problem of such coding of a data stream into a bound soliton chain (and also of decoding) demands a detailed study.
In the case of a realization of the same type of a bond between all neighboring solitons in a structure with a very large number of pulses, we obtain an analog of a crystal of finite extent. This fully ordered state was named a soliton crystal by analogy with the results of Mitschke and his coauthors on pulse reshaping in a passive synchronously pumped fiber-ring resonator [53, 54]. If such soliton crystal with a single type of a bond fills completely the total ring laser cavity, then harmonic passive mode-locking is realized. This regime is interesting for a creation of generators of ultrashort pulses with superhigh rate of a repetition of pulses in output radiation. Generators of pair of ultrashort pulses with the certain fixed distance between pulses also can find numerous applications.
We have investigated a mechanism of a formation of powerful soliton wings connected with a lumped saturable absorber. In case of the nonlinear polarization rotation technique, the nonlinear losses are realized in the polarizer and they are lumped. In the case of a saturable absorber, the nonlinear losses can be lumped and continuously distributed. We have analyzed a laser model with a combination of lumped and continuously distributed parts of the total saturable absorber. Keeping the total nonlinear losses constant, we have varied their lumped part and studied properties of bound steady states of interacting solitons. We have found that the dispersive waves emitted by solitons because of lumped intracavity elements form powerful soliton wings resulting in great bounding energy of interacting solitons in steady states. The role of dispersive waves in a realization of a mechanism of a repulse between solitons and, as a result, realization of harmonic passive mode-locking calls for further investigation.
On basis of numerical simulation, we have studied the basic features in a realization of multiple-pulse operation of passive mode-locked fiber lasers. It is found that in the case of the hard regime of an annihilation and an excitation of new solitons with changing pump, all intracavity solitons have identical parameters (a peak intensity, a duration, a chirp, and so on). However, in the case of the soft regime of an annihilation and an excitation, one of pulses has a peak intensity smaller than other identical intracavity solitons. It is found that the multihysteresis dependence of a number of pulses on pump results in an analogical multihysteresis dependence for the intracavity radiation energy and for the peak intensity of identical solitons. An interaction of pulses through an interference of their wings in fast intracavity nonlinear medium has been investigated. Bound steady states of a two soliton molecule are determined. We have demonstrated the possibility to form information soliton sequences with any desirable distribution of the types of bonds between neighboring pulses along soliton trains. Thanks to large values of binding energies, such sequences have a high level of stability against perturbations. It is found that dispersive waves emitted by solitons because of lumped nonlinear losses form powerful soliton wings resulting in great bounding energy of interacting solitons in steady states.
The work is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Contract ANR-2010-BLANC-0417-01-SOLICRISTAL) and by the RF President's Grant MK-2602.2011.2.
- P. G. Kryukov, "Ultrashort-pulse lasers," Quantum Electronics, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 95–119, 2001.
- A. A. Ivanov, M. V. Alfimov, and A. M. Zheltikov, "Femtosecond pulses in nanophotonics," Physics-Uspekhi, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 687–704, 2004.
- M. E. Fermann and I. Hartl,


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Biologist or Chemist Interview
Postby Jay_12 » Sun Aug 19, 2018 7:32 pm
Hi. For science fair this year, I am conducting an experiment using a bio coagulant to filter turbid water. I need to include an interview of an expert as part of my project. An interview from a biologist or chemist would be greatly appreciated. Would an expert please help me by answering the questions listed below? Thanks in advance.
1. What is your name and title?
2. Do you think this topic is useful, interesting, or important? If so, why?
3. What made you become interested in becoming a biologist/chemist?
4. When did you first start learning or studying biology/chemistry?
5. What are some key factors you have learned from studying biology/chemistry?
6. How long have you been in school learning about biology/chemistry?
7. What are some helpful tools a biologist/chemist uses?
8. Do you think biology/chemistry will continue to advance in the future? If so, why?
Last edited by Jay_12 on Mon Aug 20, 2018 8:14 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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text:
Francis Bacon: From Magic to Science
It is now more than ten years since Paolo Rossi's book on Bacon was published in Italy. Those who have known this book have been aware that it made, for the first time, the right historical approach to Bacon. Now that it is at last available in translation, it makes an important contribution to Bacon studies in the English-speaking world, even though since its first publication in 1957 there have been movements in the history of thought which will make some of its themes seem less revolutionary and surprising than they did when the book first appeared.
Rossi was trained in the Italian historical-philosophical school, led by Eugenio Garin, in which the Renaissance magical tradition, with its glorification of Man as Magus, was seen as important in the pre-history of the scientific revolution. In this book, he applies this tradition to Francis Bacon. He shows that many of Bacon's major themes can be found in Cornelius Agrippa's textbook of Renaissance magic. In his De occulta philosophia, Agrippa outlines the Renaissance Hermetic tradition, incorporating the ideas and attitudes of Marsilio Ficino and of Pico della Mirandola, and takes Renaissance magic further in the direction of bold presentation of magical science as power, and of Man, the Magus, as dominator over nature and as operator. The domination of nature was to be, of course, the major Baconian objective, and the theme of the use of science for the betterment of man's estate, so characteristic of Bacon, is also to be found, in the form of magical science, in Agrippa. These discoveries will cause little surprise today now that knowledge of the importance of the Renaissance Hermetic tradition is widespread. The book on Agrippa by Charles C. Nauert, which I reviewed in these pages in March, 1966, carries the Agrippa-Bacon comparison further, though Nauert did not know of Rossi's book and arrived independently at similar conclusions.
Though some of Rossi's themes are thus no longer novel, his analyses of Bacon's reactions against the Renaissance magical tradition to which he was at the same time indebted have not been explored elsewhere in such depth. Rossi presents Bacon as in reaction against the Renaissance Magus ideal largely on moral grounds. He deplores the self-centeredness and spiritual pride of those who use their knowledge and powers for self-glorification. The works of God in nature must be approached with profound humility; scientific knowledge should not be kept secret while its possessor glorifies himself with pretensions of omniscience and power. The work of those who seek into the truths of nature must be shared with others; only through collaboration of many workers can advances be made, and these advances are to be made in the interests of mankind at large, and not for individual aggrandizement.
These Baconian themes, which foreshadow cooperative scientific effort in institutions such as the Royal Society, are well known. What Rossi shows, through his attempt throughout the book to place Bacon in a historical context, is that …
Bacon in America March 28, 1968

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
British Virgin Islands
The earliest European settlement on Tortola dates back to 1649, when Dutch settlers arrived on Tortola. They lived in relative peace until war broke out between the Dutch and the English in 1665. During that war the English attacked Tortola, destroyed the Dutch settlements, and took 67 enslaved African they found there. This is the first record of the presence of slaves in the British Virgin Islands.
The Dutch returned after the 1665 attack and three years later a report describes the population of Tortola as "80 Irish, English, and Welsh under the Dutch." The English and Dutch did not remain at peace, however, and during another war in 1672 the Dutch settlement was again attacked by the English. This time, the Dutch surrendered before a drop of blood could be shed. The islands became British, and they remain so today.
The future remained uncertain for settlers of the British Virgin Islands even after the Dutch surrender in 1672. During peace negotiations after the war between England and the Netherlands, it was agreed that the Virgin Islands would eventually be handed back over to the Dutch. This never happened, but the uncertainty over the islands' future discouraged large-scale settlement and investment. The islands became home to people who could not get land on other, more prosperous, islands.
© Susanna Henighan Potter from Moon Virgin Islands, 4th edition

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Lionfish Draw, Color and Word Search ActivityFREE Downloads!
Beautiful In Its Place
The Story of the Lionfish
Nature offers a limitless variety of beauty. But what is beautiful in one region can be the last thing you want to see somewhere else. That is often the story of the Lionfish This beautiful and dramatic animal is native to the waters of Indonesia. It has striking colors of red, maroon, brown and white and several elaborate fins, some of which are venomous
How an invasive species works
In recent years, the lionfish has found its way to the Caribbean, where it has no natural predators. It is believed to have been introduced to the Southern Atlantic by humans releasing aquarium fish into the wild. Unfortunately, these lionfish kill off helpful species such as algae-eating parrotfish, potentially allowing seaweed to overtake the reefs creating an imbalance in reef ecosystems. The lionfish population is continuing to grow and increase its range into the Gulf of Mexico, and in waters north of South America. Governments are trying to stop the growth of lionfish and other invasive species by making laws that make it illegal to release fish, snails, turtles, frogs, or other animals into the wild.


Skip to definition.
Noun: carbon disulfide 'kaa(r)-bun dI'súl,fId
 1. A toxic colourless flammable liquid (CS2); used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane and carbon tetrachloride and as a solvent for rubber
Type of: chemical compound, compound
Encyclopedia: Carbon disulfide


Becoming an ethical researcher
Becoming an ethical researcher
Free course
Becoming an ethical researcher
1 Being held accountable
Described image
Figure 2 What does successful undertaking of research look like?
Being called to account or held accountable can be defined as:
to answer for responsibilities and conduct; required or expected to justify one's actions, decisions, etc.; answerable, responsible
(, 2020).
In terms of research, this means researchers need to be aware:
 - of their responsibilities – both in terms of what is required of them (things they must do) and what is expected of them (things others think they should do)
 - that their conduct and behaviour is a key measure by which others are likely to judge their success in meeting their responsibilities
 - that they should be prepared to justify their decision-making.
Having identified that there are a range of stakeholders to whom the researcher will be responsible and accountable, it is also evident that researchers themselves will have their own expectations and hopes for the research. This means that the success of the research could be measured in different ways, which might lead to tensions as the research proceeds. Differences will depend on the agendas, interests and assumptions of others mediated by their knowledge and understanding of the research being planned.
Take your learning further
Request an Open University prospectus371


LINR 1 | Lesson 1: Linear Patterns
Learning Intentions (Objectives)
 1. Identify linear trends shown in patterns, tables, graphs, and equations.
 2. Make connections between linear representations in patterns, tables, graphs, and equations.
 3. Identify \(y\)intercepts and rates of change (slopes) given linear patterns, tables, equations, and graphs.
 4. Write equations given linear patterns, tables, and graphs.
Standards Addressed in this Lesson
California Common Core State Standards for Mathematics
Lesson 1 Components
(Note: Lessons are designed to be followed in the order presented, with the goal of building conceptual understanding and skills for the topics of study.)
Start Lesson
Go to Explore (Patterns)


- Bigfoot researcher: 'Human like us, only different'
 Study supposedly finds mythical creature contains human and "unknown" DNA
 - The whole Sasquatch thing may be moving from the realm of the weird to the level of "truth is stranger than fiction."
 - email print
 That will depend on how mainstream science responds to the impending release of a five-year DNA study apparently suggesting Sasquatch exists, and is not entirely human and not entirely non-human. It is, says the study's author, a hybrid cross of the two.
 The research was done by a team led by Melba Ketchum, a former veterinarian who moved into genetic research 27 years ago and runs DNA Diagnostics, Inc., based in Texas. Ketchum had hoped to see the results announced in a peer-reviewed scientific journal but they were "outed" last Friday by a note on the website of the Russia-based International Center of Hominology.
 The center's director, listed on the site as Dr. Igor Burtsev, wrote that Ketchum's findings prove Sasquatch or Bigfoot "is human like us only different, a hybrid of a human with unknown species."
 Reached by telephone Monday, Ketchum said the 50-page manuscript containing the research and DNA findings is still in peer review at a scientific journal. As for whether the premature announcement would impact that, she said, "I hope not. So far we haven't heard anything that says it's going to stop it." As for when the study might become public, she said, "in weeks instead of many months, that's for sure."
 Ketchum said the study had sequenced "three complete Sasquatch nuclear genomes" and determined the species is a human hybrid — "the result of males of an unknown hominin species crossing with female Homo sapiens."
 What does that mean in non-scientific terms? David Paulides of North America Bigfoot Research, one of several private groups and individuals who financed the DNA study, said the research makes one thing clear: Sasquatch isn't nonexistent and it isn't an ape. It's human. Or, at least, partly human.
 "It falls in the realm of human," Paulides said. "It has a human mother we can identify, that somehow evolved in the last 15,000 years, but in an unusual aspect of this we can't track the father or find out who the father is. Based on millions of DNA strains that exist around the world, the father doesn't exist.
 "The only species we can identify is human. The male that procreated is unidentifiable."
 Then what is it?
 "Some people out there have said we've used this word, 'angel DNA.' That is not true," said Paulides, a former police officer in San Jose, Calif. "But there is some very unusual aspects to that male DNA that cannot be explained right now."
 Ketchum's Texas lab didn't do all of the testing. She said 13 labs — at universities, state-run forensic labs and private-sector facilities — were involved in the process, which included blind studies "and repeatability on most of it." She said the labs tested 109 samples of all kinds — hair, tissue, blood and saliva.
 "And all of them had the same results," Paulides said. "If someone pooh-poohs it, they either haven't read (the study) or they just refuse to believe it."
 Another Sasquatch DNA-research project is under way at Oxford University in England but is entirely unrelated to the Ketchum study, said Thom Cantrall, a Sasquatch author who hosted an international Sasquatch symposium in the Tri-Cities area of Washington state last summer.
 "They're not working in concert at all," Cantrall said. "It's entirely different, with entirely different samples. Some of the samples are from the same people."
 The release of Ketchum's findings, Cantrall said, is "igniting a war" among different factions in the Bigfoot-believing community — those adamant that the creature is an ape or gorilla, and those who are convinced it's more human than not.
 The early announcement of Ketchum's research "has the ape faction totally up in arms," Cantrall said. "There's so much personal psychology involved here — people who have staked their reputation on (Sasquatch) being ape that they can't back away from that."
 Cantrall said he had "a tremendous fear" over what might happen to what he called "the Sasquatch population" over the coming months and years. If the creatures are indeed human, the government will seek to ensure their safety, he said, noting that federal protections for the spotted owl will seem "only miniscule" in comparison.
 "Really, the only protection (Sasquatch individuals) need is protection from being murdered," he said. "Because there's going to be that faction out there, too."
 Maybe. A September post on a hunting website referencing the two Sasquatch DNA studies ended with this little note: "PS: What gun do you think would be best for when I get my first Sasquatch tag?"
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hello I have a question from this book Power Electronics(Pws-Kent Series in Engineering) by Marvin J. Fisher ch8
For the half bridgeinverter E=200 V, R=20 Ω, L=.16 mH, fs=8kHz. Assume the switches are implemented using PN-junctiondiodes and BJT's. Find:
a. Peak switchcurrent
b. BJT conduction timeeach half cycle
c. Diode conduction eachhalf cycle
d. The average sourcecurrent
e. The average loadpower
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No answer yet. Submit this
question to the community.


text:
Trees have been providing energy for humans since before recorded history. Cavemen used fire to release the stored energy in wood to cook food and provide illumination at night. Medieval castles were heated by massive wood-burning fireplaces. Wood burning locomotives helped connect the Atlantic and Pacific by rail in the 19th Century. Today, trees continue to be an important store of energy for humans.Throughout our long history of using trees for energy, the primary means of releasing that energy has been combustion. I was very interested, therefore, to read "Trees, Save Yourselves" in Technology Review. Researchers at MIT, led by Dr. Shuguang Zhang, have hit upon an alternative means of extracting energy from trees without setting them on fire.
By harnessing the pH difference between trees and the soil in which they are rooted, a small amount of electricity can be generated. While this phenomenon has been observed for years, a company is now capitalizing on MIT's research to power sensor networks in forests. Voltree Power has built a "bioenergy converter" that parasitically harvests metabolic energy from trees.
The available energy is certainly not enough to make a dent in human consumption. However, according to the Technology Review article, enough energy is available to power wireless mesh networks within forests that can transmit data about local temperature and humidity conditions. These networks could be used for agricultural monitoring or early detection of forest fires. Voltree Power is planning to test their so-called Early Wildfire Alert Network (EWAN) beginning in the spring.
A quick look into the merger of two powerhouse 3D printing OEMs and the new leader in rapid prototyping solutions, Stratasys. The industrial revolution is now led by 3D printing and engineers are given the opportunity to fully maximize their design capabilities, reduce their time-to-market and functionally test prototypes cheaper, faster and easier. Bruce Bradshaw, Director of Marketing in North America, will explore the large product offering and variety of materials that will help CAD designers articulate their product design with actual, physical prototypes. This broadcast will dive deep into technical information including application specific stories from real world customers and their experiences with 3D printing. 3D Printing is


text:
Amblyline biological control agent contains the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris. It is a predator of Western Flower thrips, Chili Thrips and several other thrips species.
- Targets a wide range of thrips species.
- Long history of highly effective use against thrips larvae.
- Disperses quickly throughout the crop.
- Applicable for use in a wide range of crops.
- Amblyseius mites can also feed on pollen which allows for effective, long term control.
- Mites are not susceptible to diapause.
- Thrips (Western Flower Thrips, Chili Thrips)
- Broad mite
- Cyclamen mite


text:
Impl for StoredProcedure call. Method executeQuery() is used when the stored procedure returns ResultSet and method execute() is used when the stored procedure does not have any return ResultSet.
Parameters hold both IN and OUT parameters.
PagerImpl Holds ReadCommandImpl, page size and current page index. Implements next(), previous(), getPage(index) methods. In each based on current page index and page size, the ReadCommandImpl is executed with start and end boundaries set.
ChangeFactory This class is used during DAS.applyChanges(). With changed DataObject and ChangeSummary, required type of ChangeOperation instance is created (like DeleteOperation, UpdateOperation). This instance of ChangeOperation holds appropriate CommandImpl, which in itself holds the Parameters. Thus for a given DAS Config and Connection, ChangeFactory is used to propagate DataObject changes to Database via CommandImpl.
ChangeSummarizer Main function of this class is load Changes based on root DataObject of applyChanges() Command MappingWrapper is used to sort the ChangeOperations in Changes.
Changes Contains DeleteList, InsertList, Update List pertaining to one applyChanges() command.
DeleteList Maintains ordered/unordered list of DeleteOperations. If DAS Config defines any Relationships, MappingWrapper aids in forming Delete Order for all the Tables undergoing DeleteOperation, based on Parent-Child relationships. If Delete Order is available, DeleteList forms a List following appropriate Referential Integrity. Otherwise no order is maintained.
InsertList Maintains ordered/unordered list of CreateOperations. If DAS Config defines any Relationships, MappingWrapper aids in forming Insert Order for all the Tables undergoing InsertOperation, based on Parent-Child relationships. If Insert Order is available, InsertList forms a List following appropriate Referential Integrity. Otherwise no order is maintained.
UpdateList As UpdateOperation happens on single Table, there is no reason for sorting based on any Referntial Relationships. So, this class is just a wrapper on ArrayList.
BaseGenerator Parent class for Delete/Update/InsertGenerator. If in DAS Config, any Table Column specifies a ColumnConverter class, BaseGenerator, returns a new instance of this class.
DeleteGenerator Extends BaseGenerator. Based on Table and DAS Config, DELETE statement is generated with Primary Keys in WHERE clause. Using this, DeleteCommandImpl is instantiated. For Parameters in DeleteCommandImpl ColumnConverter is considered if present.
InsertGenerator Same as DeleteGenerator. Here Database Key value generation is also considered.
UpdateGenerator Extends BaseGenerator. In UPDATE statement WHERE clause Primary Keys are considered as well as Default OCC policy is considered. Also check is implemented for any violation for Foreign Key relationships. Parameters in UpdateCommandImpl consider ColumnConvert as appropriate. OCC attributes in DAS Config for , viz. managed and collision are considered in SET and WHERE clause formation respectively.
ChangeOperation Abstract parent class for Create/Delete/UpdateOperation. It contains WriteCommand, DatabaseObject and any generated ID.
DeleteOperation Extends ChangeOperation. Uses SDO's ChangeSummary based OldValues as in the DataGraph, deleted objects have lost their settings.
CreateOperation Extends ChangeOperation, makes use of Generated ID.
UpdateOperation Extends ChangeOperation and makes use of generated ID.
DatabaseObject Wraps DataObject. If a field is FK, it will return value from parent. It also sets the Database generated value in primary key property of DataObject.
RowObjects Holds a Map of TableName->DataObject. It uses relationship information to associate these DataObjects to form DataGraph.
GraphBuilderMetadata Class that form Metadata for forming DataObjects based on MetaData available in JDBC ResultSet. It uses DAS Config, ResultSet and ResultSetShape to form a Collection of ResultMetaData. It is used in ResultSetProcessor and thus further in RowObjects.
ResultSetProcessor This class is used to transform data in ResultSet into set of inter-related DataObjects. It contains TableRegistry, GraphBuilderMetadata and DataObjectMaker. Using GrapbBuilderMetadata and the JDBC ResultSet, it forms
ResultSetRow, then form RowObjects and connects related DataObjects using Relationship information from RowObjects to form the completed DataGraph.
DataObjectMaker Forms DataObject based on TableData. It is used in ResultSetProcessor for this.
TableRegistry Base Interface for Single/MultiTableRegistry.
SingleTableRegistry No functionality.
MultiTableRegistry Implements TableRegistry. Used when converting JDBC ResultSet of SQL SELECT into DataObjects.
DefaultConverter Implements Converter. In case of Blob database column type, returns byte for the column value when mapping from database data to property value.
ResultMetaData Holds complete ResultSet related metadata of the Query resultResultSet, ColumnConverters, MappingWrapper, SDO Type Names, SDO Property Names, ResultSetShape for the ResultSet, Map containing Table Type
> Column Property (equivalent to Database Table>Column). It provides various get methods on these members.
ResultSetRow A ResultSetRow is used to transform a single row of ResultSet into a set of DataObjects. It uses TableData as a intermediate place to keep Database Data for a Row, which is later used to form DataObject. It holds a List of all Table Data for the current row. This class is used in ResultSetProcessor.
TableData Holds single JDBC row for a Table and its Columns - tableName, list of PKs, Map of ColumnName->Data, if table has PK. Is used by DataObjectMaker to form DataObject based on Table Row.
ResultSetTypeMap Provides mapping from sql.Types to SDO Type. Used in ResultSetShape to populate SDO Type for all columns present in ResultSet.
FactoryRegistry Maintains registry of ChangeFactory. There is one FactoryRegistry for on DAS Config and Connection. It maintains a Map with entries of each SDO Type against ChangeFactory for current DAS Config+Connection.
ParameterImpl Holds values required for representing SQL statement/StoredProcedure parameter like name, index, value, SDO Type and columnConverter. Can have direction IN/OUT/IN-OUT. IN is default. OUT/IN-OUT is only in case of Stored Procedure.
ManagedParameterImpl Extends ParameterImpl. Expected to be integer or BigDecimal type, else exception is thrown. setValue() returns oldValue+1.
CollisionParameter Extends ParameterImpl. Design restricts setting value in CollisionParameter only once.
Parameters Maintains lists of parameters (used in SQL statements), IN/OUT parameters (used in stored procedures).
ResultSetShape This is an alternative to use ResultSetMetaData of the Query result. It can be used when some platforms like Oracle do not fully support MetaData. For a given SQL Query, this holds schemaName, tableName, columnName, SDO Column Type for each column in ResultSet. It has 2 constructors, one uses JDBC's ResultSetMetaData to form ResultSetShape and another uses DAS Config supplied ResultDescriptor to form ResultSetShape.
Statement Holds SQL String, JDBC connection, JDBC PreparedStatement and also state information whether the current statement is used by Pager.
SDODataTypeHelper Provides mapping between SDO's Type and JDBC's sql.Types.
SDODataTypes Uses SDO's TypeHelper to get SDO Type for given string.
QualifiedColumn Maintains schemaName, tableName and columnName for a Table's Column.
RelationshipWrapper Wrapper for DAS Config's . Only one method to return Collection of all FKColumns in a Relationship.
TableWrapper Wrapper on DAS Config's . Provides various get methods to get values of different elements and attributes within .
ConfigUtil Uses SDO's XMLHelper to load DAS Config Data Model in memory.
DataObjectUtil Provides utility methods for SDO DataObject like copying one DataObject into another, restoring Old Values of a DataObject using its SDO's ChangeSummary.
Complete DAS Configuration follows.
Convention Child Element
 Not used
 Needs a valid value when creating static DataObjects.
 when true, multiple database schema under same database are supported
complete URL of data source
if true, DAS manages database transaction
complete qualified class name
 authentic database user
 password for the user
 database table column name (no meaning when Command kind is procedure)
IN/OUT (OUT makes sense when Command kind is "procedure")
used in set/getParameter() on Command based on direction (used when Command kind is procedure).
-> Used as alternative to database result set metadata.
 database table column name
 database table name
 used when databaseSchemaNameSupported=true
SDO mapped data type
 =true allows for 1:n relationship. If it is false, it's 1:1 relationship.
 In case of 1:1 relationship, if keyRestricted is not specified, the
link (relationship) between the parent and child rows can be broken, by setting the
parentKeyTable's row to null/deleting the row. Also, a different parent row can
be associated to the child row, which has one pre-existing parent row association.
If keyRestricted=true, this kind on change in existing relationship is not allowed,
user will get exception 'Can not modify a one to one relationship that is key
database table column name
database table column name
Database table name
Data Object type name
 used when databaseSchemaNameSupported=true
 INSERT statement in PreparedStement format
space separated column names used in explicit INSERT
 UPDATE statement in PreparedStement format
 space separated column names used in explicit UPDATE
 DELETE statement in PreparedStement format
 space separated column names used in explicit DELETE
 database table column name


text:
A Laboratory Landscape for the Outskirts of Bangkok, Thailand
As metropolitan Bangkok sprawls and expands, the boundaries of the nearby Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai (DPKY) Forest Complex and UNESCO World Heritage site are under increasing pressure. This project seeks to preserve the integrity of the UNESCO-mandated buffer zone between the Thai capital and the Forest Complex by transforming it into a vast agricultural testing zone.
Blanketed with rice paddies and dotted with agricultural laboratory buildings and schools, the buffer zone would become a testing field, focusing on studying and effectively producing food for Bangkok's growing population. The project imagines a form of bargain: the more productive this agricultural "laboratory," the more likely it is to remain an intact and effective protector of the World Heritage site it surrounds.


text:
Researchers in the Philippines will soon use mobile phones to help farmers use just the right amount of fertilizer, maximizing their harvests, saving them money and protecting the environment.
It's a novel way to deliver important information to remote farmers who don't otherwise have access to expert advice.
For farmers looking to get the most out of their fields, fertilizer is an essential but expensive ingredient.
"Fertilizers represent about 20 percent of the input costs in rice production for farmers," says soil scientist Roland Buresh at the International Rice Research Institute. "So it's really quite important."
Getting it just right
Buresh has spent years researching optimal fertilizer conditions. Too little means lower yields and lower profits. Too much wastes money and causes pollution. But because every farmer's field is different, figuring out exactly how much to use is complicated.
What farmers do with rice straw after harvest -- burn it or return it to the field -- affects how much fertilizer to use.
Buresh and his colleagues have come up with a set of key questions that will help farmers make that decision.
"The unique thing about some of these decision tools is really how simple they are," he says. "The questions we're asking are really readily answerable."
Dial 'M' for manure
And to make it even simpler, farmers will soon be able to answer those questions using their mobile phones.
When the program launches in the Philippines in a few weeks, a farmer can call a toll-free number and hear a recording in his or her language that will ask questions about the size of the field, how much rice it produced last season, sources of natural fertilizers such as rice straw or sediment from river flooding, and so on.
The farmer answers the questions using the keypad on their mobile phones. A computer does the calculations and sends a text message with the amount and type of fertilizer to apply.
Farmers apply fertilizer to an experimental rice field.
Making money, protecting the environment
Buresh says the impact on farmers' incomes could be substantial.
"Just a back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that in the Philippines, if we in a year can be reaching just five thousand farmers and their fields can be increasing the yield by half a ton per hectare, we could be looking at profitabilities for those farmers in the range of half a million dollars."
In addition to the financial benefits, it could also help farmers reduce fertilizer pollution.
"In the Philippines and all over Asia, fertilizer has been overused and misused because no one explains to them how much they need or how to use it," says Danielle Nierenberg, a senior researcher with the environmental research organization the Worldwatch Institute.
Nearly everyone has one
Nierenberg says the potential for the technology goes far beyond Asia. She's been traveling across sub-Saharan Africa for the last eight months, and everywhere she goes, from remote villages in Uganda to poor farmers in Niger, nearly everyone has a mobile phone.
"Because it's easy and cheap and every farmer can basically get their own [mobile] phone or borrow someone's down the road, I think it's increasingly a way for them to gain access to things they didn't have before," she says.
In Zambia, for example, farmers without bank accounts can use their cell phones to buy seeds and fertilizers. They can also find out how much their crop is selling for in the city markets.
"They can decide whether they want to travel all the way from their village to the city," she adds, "because sometimes farmers get there and prices are too low." Their mobile phones could save them a trip.
So, while it may not be good for plowing a field or harvesting vegetables, the mobile phone is becoming one of a farmer's most valuable tools.


text:
If You Could Change One Thing to Better Your Community, What Would It Be?
Every community has its strengths and weaknesses, and often, its residents have ideas on how to improve their surroundings. If given the opportunity to change one thing to better your community, what would it be? This question prompts people to reflect on the challenges they face and envision a brighter future for their neighborhoods. Let's explore the possibilities and potential impact of making a positive change.
One common desire to better communities is improved access to education. By investing in education, we can empower individuals and enrich the community as a whole. This could involve building new schools or renovating existing ones, providing more resources for students, and offering educational programs for adults. A well-educated community is more likely to thrive economically, socially, and culturally.
Another crucial aspect often mentioned is enhancing public spaces. Parks, playgrounds, and recreational areas are essential for fostering community engagement and promoting physical and mental well-being. By creating safe and inviting spaces, we encourage people to come together, exercise, and connect with nature, ultimately strengthening the sense of belonging within the community.
Additionally, addressing poverty and homelessness is a priority for many. Establishing programs that provide affordable housing, job training, and support services can significantly improve the lives of those struggling to make ends meet. By addressing these issues head-on, we can create a community that takes care of its most vulnerable members.
1. How can improved access to education benefit the community?
Improved access to education can lead to a more educated workforce, higher employment rates, and increased economic opportunities. It also fosters a culture of lifelong learning and personal growth.
2. Why are public spaces important for communities?
Public spaces serve as gathering spots, promoting social interaction and community cohesion. They also provide opportunities for physical activity, relaxation, and the appreciation of nature.
3. How can addressing poverty and homelessness improve the community?
By providing support services and affordable housing options, we can help individuals and families escape the cycle of poverty and homelessness. This, in turn, leads to a safer, more stable community for all residents.
4. What are the potential challenges in implementing these changes?
Challenges may include funding limitations, resistance to change, and ensuring the sustainability of the initiatives. Collaboration and community involvement are crucial in overcoming these obstacles.
5. How can individuals contribute to these changes?
Individuals can volunteer their time, donate resources, advocate for policy changes, and support local organizations working towards community improvement.
6. Can changing one thing really make a significant difference?
Yes, even a single change can have a ripple effect. By focusing on one area and implementing meaningful improvements, it can inspire further positive changes and motivate others to get involved.
7. How can community members voice their suggestions for change?
Community members can participate in town hall meetings, join local organizations, and engage in conversations with elected officials. They can also utilize online platforms to share their ideas and concerns with a wider audience.
In conclusion, envisioning positive change for our communities is a powerful exercise. By focusing on areas such as education, public spaces, and addressing poverty, we can create more vibrant, inclusive, and prosperous communities for everyone to thrive in. It's essential to remember that change begins with individuals, and together, we can shape a better future for our communities.


text:
In addition to being supplied with the finest in government grade methamphetamines, fighter pilots have other significant advantages over the rest of us. They have "superior cognitive control."
A new study published in the Journal of Neuroscience compared 11 front-line RAF pilots against a control group in two cognitive tasks, while an MRI was used "to examine the structure of white matter connections between brain regions associated with cognitive control."
The pilots showed superior cognitive control and greater accuracy, despite being more sensitive to distracting minutiae. The MRI showed the structure of their brains differed from the control, with relevant areas of the right side of the brain being larger, and connections between key areas in the brain laid out differently.
It's not known at this point if the differences come from training or if pilots are just born that way.
The tests showed that when presented with significant visual distractions, the pilots weren't much quicker than the rest of us baseline human beings, but were far more accurate.
Reference: 'Expert cognitive control and individual differences associated with frontal and parietal white matter microstructure' by Roberts RE, Anderson E & Husain M, Published in the Journal of Neuroscience


text:
Rabbits at risk in home range
03 March 2009 | News story
In some parts of the world they thrive, to the extent they are regarded as pests, yet in their native range on the Iberian Peninsula rabbits are Near Threatened with extinction, according to The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™. Their decreasing numbers have also had alarming impacts on the Critically Endangered Iberian Lynx and the Spanish Imperial Eagle.
The European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was introduced to Western Europe by man as early as the Roman period, and since then to South America and Australasia. Only Spain, Portugal and areas of North Africa are its native homeland. Ironically, it is from these areas that over-hunting, habitat loss and eradication programmes have combined with two diseases (Myxomatosis and Rabbit Haemorrhagic Virus), to threaten the European Rabbit's very existance. The survival of the Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus) and Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti) are pivotal on the success of the rabbit, which is a main source of prey for these emblematic predators.
In the 2008 update of The IUCN Red List the conservation status of the European Rabbit was uplisted to Near Threatened across the whole of its native range.
"It is hoped that these reclassifications can help pressure governments and conservation organisations to do more to conserve the species, and also help change the view of rabbits from being predominantly a pest to also being a vitally important component of native ecosystems." Dan Ward, spokesperson for SOS Lynx.


text:
PReparing for your Project
The first step in an architectural project, prior to be beginning the design is the development of a program. However, the program is typically refined throughout the design process.
You can prepare the program on your own to save on architect's fees, or with an architect's assistance. Building a program might seem overwhelming but you can do it easily if you break it into steps. Don't worry if you can't complete any of the following sections; they can be addressed with the assistance of the architect.
- Establish requirements and goals
- Gather information
- Identify relationships of spaces
- Determine sizes of spaces
As you work through the following items, it is important to distinguish between what you want and what you need.
- Types of rooms and numbers of each. For example: 1 master bedroom, 2 standard bedrooms, 1 eat-in kitchen, living room, 2 full baths, 1 half bath.
- Project budget. Consider whether the budget includes the following:
- Property acquisition
- Survey fees
- Design fees
- Construction costs
- Furnishing, fixtures, and equipment
- Sustainable (green) features. What if any sustainable goals are important (for example)?
- Building from local or recycled materials
- Energy efficiency
- Water efficiency
- Miscellaneous needs
- Aesthetic preferences
- Handicapped accessibility
- Water, mountain or other desirable views
Your architect requires certain information prior to beginning the design process. Gathering information is the most technical part of creating a program. To begin, you will need to have a civil engineer survey the site and provide you with the information regarding the following:
- Lot size
- Built features
- Roads, driveways, and easements
- Vegetation and wetlands
After the site survey, answer the following questions. Some may entail hiring qualified individuals or firms to gather the most accurate information.
- Does the site require well water or septic system? If it does, the location and sizing of these essentials need to be determined.
- Provide drawings, if available, of any existing buildings.
- Include any other known legal requirements or deed restrictions of the site.
Your goal here is to identify how the rooms and spaces should connect to one another. A bubble diagram can be a useful tool. You will write the names of each room with a bubble drawn around it, and then draw a line between any rooms that should be connected. Consider the following questions:
- What spaces need to be near or connected to other spaces? For example, do you want the master bedroom to be connected to a bathroom? Do you want children's bedrooms near the master bedroom?
- What floor would you like the different spaces to be on? Bedrooms on the first or second floor?
Ideally you should have a measurement of square footage in mind for each room. If the square footage is not known, provide a description of the furniture it should contain. For example, one bedroom might only need a twin bed, a dresser, and a small closet, while a second bedroom could require a king size bed, two dressers, two nightstands, a reading area, and two walk-in closets.
The goal of this exercise is to understand how the different spaces should relate to each other. A simple and common means of working on this is through the use of bubble diagrams. A simple way of doing this is to write the names of all of the spaces with a bubble drawn around each, and then drawing a line between any spaces that should be connected.
- What spaces need to be near or connected to other spaces?
- What floor would you like the different spaces to be on?
- Are there areas that should be limited to public or privates spaces?


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have an array of integers stored in a plist. I would to load them and do fast enumeration over the array. Is there a way to do this or does fast enumeration work only for objects?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Fast enumeration do only work with objects in Obj-C.
However, if you stored integer values in a plist, you'll have an NSArray or an NSDictionary instance representing that plist. The NSArray/NSDictionary works with fast enumeration and will output NSNumbers when working with them, not int.
That way, you can retrieve your int easily with [anNSNumber intValue].
share|improve this answer
I do undestand OOP is nice but if You have an array of integers and You must scan values very often, consider storing value in a simple C array:
1) much less memory footprint
2) blazing speed in searching (for via and index, a REAL index in memory.. will be a register in µp directly...)
a) you must think in old style C
b) save the number of items
c) you must convert from plist to int arr[..] but is very easy.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Dunlap Reservoir - 2009 Survey Report
For assistance with accessibility on any TPWD documents, please contact _EMAIL_
Prepared by John Findeisen and Greg Binion
Inland Fisheries Division
District 1-E, Mathis, Texas
This is the authors' summary from a 25-page report. For a copy of the complete report, use the download link in the sidebar.
During the 2006-2010 survey period, fish populations in Lake Dunlap were surveyed in fall 2005, 2007, and 2009 using electrofishing and trap nets and spring 2006 and 2010 using gill nets. This report summarizes the results of the surveys and contains a management plan for the reservoir based on those findings.
Lake Dunlap is a 410-acre impoundment located on the Guadalupe River in Guadalupe County and is regulated by the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority (GBRA). The reservoir, impounded in 1928, is used for water supply, hydroelectric generation, and recreation. Lake Dunlap is classified as a mainstream reservoir and has a fairly constant water level. Substrate in the upper section is composed primarily of rock and gravel, while the middle and lower sections of the reservoir are composed of clay, sand, and silt. Habitat features include boat docks, rocks, and native floating and emergent vegetation.
Important sport fish include channel catfish, largemouth bass, and crappie species. The management plan from the 2006 survey report focused on fish habitat improvement, largemouth bass genetics, nuisance aquatic vegetation, and implementing a creel survey. The proposed habitat improvement plan was to construct brushpiles under boat docks and piers of cooperating lake-front property owners, however, the plan was not implemented due to concerns of the brushpiles breaking loose and damaging structures downstream and a decline in interest. Largemouth bass were not stocked. Nuisance aquatic vegetation presence/absence was noted on all fisheries and habitat surveys. The proposed creel survey was to be completed by a university; however, funding for this survey was not available.
- Prey species: Electrofishing catch rates of shad and sunfish species increased substantially since the 2006 report. Prey species populations were comprised primarily of small size classes; benefitting most predatory fish species. Redear and redbreast sunfish provided anglers with excellent angling opportunities.
- Catfishes: Blue, channel, and flathead catfish were present in the reservoir, with blue catfish being the predominant species. The relative abundance of flathead catfish appears to be increasing. Proportion of harvestable-sized catfish in the populations was good as the majority of fish sampled were greater than legal length limits.
- Black basses: Smallmouth, spotted, largemouth, and Guadalupe bass were present in the reservoir, with largemouth being the predominant species. Largemouth bass relative abundance increased substantially and they exhibited good body condition and growth to legal size. Several largemouth bass over 20" were collected during the electrofishing survey.
- Crappie: White and black crappie were present in the reservoir, with white crappie being the predominant species. Trap net catches of crappie were again low but, 33 adult crappie were collected in the spring 2010 gill net survey.
Continue to manage the fisheries under current regulations, refine crappie sampling, continue to monitor the reservoir for nuisance aquatic vegetation, and publicize the sunfish, catfish, and largemouth bass fisheries through media sources local to the reservoir and through the district Facebook page.
Performance Report as required by Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act Texas Federal Aid Project F-30-R-35 Statewide Freshwater Fisheries Monitoring and Management Program


text:
How to replace food stamps
COLUMBUS - The Sept. 14 wind storm that left more than 2 million Ohioans facing longterm power outages is more than an inconvenience to food stamp recipients.
According to the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS), food purchased with food stamps can be replaced in certain circumstances, including if it spoils because of a power outage lasting longer than four hours.
To replace spoiled food purchased with food stamps, individuals must visit their county department of job and family services (CDJFS) and complete and submit a "Statement Requesting Replacement of Food Stamp Benefits" form. This form must be submitted within 10 days of the event that caused the food to spoil (in this case, Sept. 14) or, if the person was away from home, 10 days from when the food spoilage was discovered. Individuals can request an amount equal to the amount of food lost, but not exceeding the food stamp allotment for the month in which the disaster occurred.


Store Cucumbers at Room Temperature So They'll Last Longer
If you want more time to enjoy all the cucumbers you bring back from the market, don't stuff them in the fridge. Cucumbers, according to UC Davis, via Root Simple, should be stored at room temperature.
The reason, Root Simple explains, is that when cucumbers are stored for over 3 days at temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 Celsius), they'll get cold injury: wateriness, pitting, and faster decay. (See how unattractive they look after being stored in the cold in the photo from UC Davis?)
The university also offers lots of other advice for fruit and vegetable storage. While we've covered what and how to store foods in the fridge or counter before, room temperature cucumbers are something we didn't notice before. (You're also supposed to keep tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants out too, but keep the cucumbers away from the ethylene-producing tomatoes!)
Don't store your cucumbers in the fridge | Root Simple


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Dr Oz did a segment on Fatal Blood Clots. He started the segment by pricking his own finger to show how your blood goes from a liquid to something solid when it forms a Blood Clot. This bodily function helps us to survive, but if a Blood Clot happens in the wrong place, it can be fatal. Doctor Oz spoke about who is most at risk for Blood Clots and how you can help to protect yourself to prevent strokes and heart attacks from Blood Clots.
Dr Oz: How Blood Clots Can Kill You
Dr Oz said that if you look inside of a blood vessel, you will see blood flowing through along with platelets. If a cut forms, a scab begins to build itself out of these platelets and it gets larger and larger. This is a good thing if it happens when you fall down and scrapped your knee. However, if you are pregnant or just sitting around too much, then a Blood Clot can be fatal.
Dr Oz: Blood Clots & Pulmonary Aneurisms
Dr Oz said that when blood clots form in your legs, they can fly up into your lungs through a major vein in your belly and cause Pulmonary Aneurysms, which is the third most common cause of death in hospitalized patients. Dr Oz said that they worry about this whenever a patient is short of breath.
Dr Oz: Blood Clots & Stroke
If instead of getting a blood clot in your leg that travels to your lungs, you get a blood clot that goes from your heart to your brain, this can cause a Stroke.
Dr Oz: Blood Clot Causes
Dr Oz said that the two biggest causes for Blood Clots include:


Student Health Services
Holloway Hall
Health Care in the United States: A Guide for International Students
How is healthcare paid for in the United States?
There is no universal national health care insurance plan in the United States. Americans must arrange for their own health insurance; most do so through their employers or by purchasing private policies for themselves and their families. You are responsible for payment of your health care costs, just like everyone else in the United States. Students and their family members have always been required to show that they have the means to be self-supporting during their stay in this country. However, in the present political and legal environment, the issue of whether a non-citizen will become a public charge – legally defined as a person dependent upon charity – is applied today much more strictly than in years past.
What are the costs associated with healthcare in the United States?
Health care in the United States is modern and scientific. Physicians, nurse practitioners, other healthcare providers, clinics, and pharmaceutical companies seek the newest and most advanced treatments. Patients expect their healthcare providers to use the most modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, so their symptoms can be identified and their illnesses treated quickly and effectively.
Health care is very expensive in the United States. Health care costs, including hospital and clinic charges and doctors', as well as other providers' fees, are determined by market conditions. Treatment is provided on a "fee for service" basis. Payment is due when the service is rendered, using personal funds or previously purchased health insurance.
Can international students use Medicaid and Other Public Benefits?
It is a violation of immigration law for non-immigrants (including F-1, F-2 students and dependents) to accept public assistance. In some cases, accepting such assistance could prevent you from securing a visa abroad or reentering the United States. In some cases, you may be refused medical care and services if you are unable to pay for them.
Do not accept public benefits, such as Medicaid. That has been a consistent message from the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the U.S. Department of State for many years. Now there are even tighter restrictions due to Congress' recent enactment of the Welfare-Reform and Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Acts.
All non-citizens, such as international students, scholars, and their dependents, are now barred from federal benefit programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), Medicaid, and food stamps. Virtually all public benefits are prohibited except for Emergency Medicaid -- but beware of that too! Despite the fact that well-meaning employees of medical and social service offices sometimes encourage students or their spouses to accept Emergency Medicaid funds to defray child-birth costs, the consequences of accepting public funds may be that these individuals are barred from returning to the U.S. after a trip abroad. The most obvious way to avoid a financial situation where you are tempted to apply for these funds is to maintain adequate health insurance.
Information Taken From: Antioch University New England


You are here: Specialized Trading Tools > OptionTrader > Create/Edit Buttons
The Button Panel
Many of the trading tools provide a configurable Buttons panel that you can elect to hide or display, and which lets you create new and edit buttons that perform the defined trading action with a single click.
To configure the buttons panel
 1. From within the current tool, click the configure wrench to open Global Configuration for the tool.
 2. Select Buttons in the left pane.
The existing buttons and their actions are displayed at the top of the page.
 1. Click Newto create a new button/action, or select a button and click Editto modify an existing button.
 2. Use the Button Appearance section to change the label, the text color and the background color.
 3. Select an action to associate with the button using the Select Action dropdown.
 4. Fine-tune the action by entering data in the Customize Action area. For example, for the action Increase price or size, you can specify the price or size field to which the button applies, and set the interval by which to increase the field value.
NOTE: If you check the instantaneous transmit feature, the button will display an asterisk next to its name in the Buttons panel.


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note: I may be using the word recursively wrong
I'm trying to create a script that runs through a long string of text, searching for the recurrence of substrings. For this I essentially do a for-loop from 12 to 3 (lengths of strings I want to check for recurrence), and for each of those lengths I use another for loop to define if the string of that length is present multiple times. A dumbed down example (untested, just for demonstration):
for(var len=12; len>3; len--) {
 var recurring = [];
 for(var pos = 0; pos < (inputString.length - len); pos++) {
 var mystring = inputString.substr(pos, len);
 // do a regex to check if mystring occurs more than once
 // if so, push it into recurring and remove from inputString to prevent partial duplicates when mystring gets shorter
 // output recurring strings
This all works, but obviously when I run this on a very long inputString it gets very slow. In fact, it freezes the browser, and any progress output that I want to show while the script runs is paused and shows up all at once when the script is done.
To prevent this, I created a function that is supposed to run through the for-loop in small batches at a time, using a callback function to proceed to the next batch. By using a basic version of this, I was able to output progress onto the page during what used to be a for-loop, even if it's going through thousands of loops:
var fragmentedFor = function($aFragmentLength, $aTotal, $aFunction, $aCallback)
 var $lStart = 0,
 $lFragmentLength = $aFragmentLength,
 $lTotal = $aTotal,
 $lFunction = $aFunction,
 $lCallback = $aCallback;
 // simulate a for loop, but in fragments to prevent the browser from freezing
 (function forLoop ($aStart)
 // run x loops at a time
 var $lEnd = $lStart + $lFragmentLength;
 // can't run the loop past the total length
 if($lEnd > $lTotal )
 $lEnd = $lTotal;
 // the fragmented for loop
 for(var $i = $lStart; $i < $lEnd; $i++) {
 // run the function here
 $lFunction({count: $i});
 // next time, start from where we just left
 $lStart += $lFragmentLength;
 // is there room for more loops?
 if($lStart < $aTotal) {
 setTimeout(forLoop, 10);
 } else {
 // if not, run the callback
When I run this just once it seems to do what I want:
function myLoop(x) {
 new fragmentedFor(
 10, // amount of loops per run
 x, // total amount of loops
 function($aData) { console.log($aData.count); },
 function() { console.log('finished') }
However, when I want to call this one nested within another instance of such a loop, I run into trouble:
new fragmentedFor(
 function($aData) { myLoop($aData.count * 100) },
 function() { console.log('finished all') }
(I have copied my current files here: _URL_ which includes the fragmentedFor function so you can essentially paste these two functions in the console and see the result. This was a lot easier than putting it on jsfiddle and making that work, if you guys don't mind)
What appears to be happening is that the first run of myLoop is started, but since it's trying to run 0 * 100 times it ends safely, going to the second run. The second run of myLoop should go up to 100, but it runs to 19 before suddenly run 3 of myLoop kicks in.
From there on, the output seems to be totally mixed up, I figure because my callbacks are implemented incorrectly and the loops are not really waiting for eachother to finish.
What am I doing wrong here? How can I even start debugging where the problem lies, and how can I make sure that the independent runs of the for loop actually wait for eachother to finish?
Here's a jsfiddle of an older working copy: _URL_ This did not incorporate the fragmentedFor loop, it does have some callback functions which seemed to improve the performance compared to regular nested for-loops by 100%.
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another note: I've been thinking of replacing the outer fragmentedFor() by a function that relies on custom events, starting the next round of myLoop by firing an event within when it's finished. This is easy with jQuery but honestly I just want this to work like I'm trying to do – Stephan Muller Jun 1 '13 at 19:18
i suggest you improve the original nested loop and not complicate it beyond necessary. can you publish the original on jsfiddle? – muratgu Jun 1 '13 at 19:24
I'll try to put it on jsfiddle, thanks. The problem with the original loop is that there's no way to prevent the browser from freezing other than this solution, which I actually took from another SO question: stackoverflow.com/questions/_PHONE_/… (answer by Juriy) – Stephan Muller Jun 1 '13 at 19:27
linked solution suggests using setTimeout. have you tried it? – muratgu Jun 1 '13 at 19:33
setTimeout is actually present in my fragmentedFor. I've tried multiple ways to use it, but this construction seemed the only way that really did what I need – Stephan Muller Jun 1 '13 at 19:39
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1 Answer
up vote 1 down vote accepted
What am I doing wrong here?
Your fragmentedFor expects the $aFunction to be synchronous, and as soon as it returns it schedules the next loop turn.
Yet, by using a nested fragmentedFor in that function, you're making it asynchronous - and the iterations of the inner loops will start to crossfire.
As you recogniced, you will have to let them wait to finish - which means hooking the next iteration on the callback of the previous one. You will have to write another fragmentedFor that deals with asynchronous iteration steps:
function fragmentedForAsync(from, to, body, callback) {
 var i = from;
 (function loop() {
 if (i < to)
 body(i++, loop); // pass itself as callback
and then use it like this:
fragmentedForAsync(1, 5, function(i, callback) {
 fragmentedFor(10, i*100, function(j) {
 }, function() {
 console.log('finished '+1);
 callback(); // next turn of outer loop
}, function() {
 console.log('finished all')
share|improve this answer
Ah, i had a hunch that something like this was the case. I'm currently unable to try this but your logic is sound and it looks like a good solution. I'll try it out as soon as I'm at my desktop pc, thanks! – Stephan Muller Jun 1 '13 at 20:35
I just tested it and it works like a charm, thanks a lot! – Stephan Muller Jun 2 '13 at 0:11
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text:
Physiology Sponsored by
In healthy people, both sleepiness and vigilance show a relationship with core body temperature and skin temperature. When core body temperature is high during the daytime, skin temperature is low, which translates into optimal vigilance. Conversely, when core body temperature is low at night time, skin temperature is high, which correlates to optimal sleep. Among those suffering from narcolepsy, however, direct manipulations of their skin and core body temperatures affect their vigilance and sleepiness, according to a new study.
The study, authored by Rolf Fronczek, of the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience in Amsterdam, and Leiden University Medical Center in The Netherlands, focused on eight patients who were diagnosed with narcolepsy with cataplexy and suffered from excessive daytime sleepiness. The subjects' vigilance was measured using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, and their sleepiness was assessed with the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test. Meanwhile, their skin temperature was mildly manipulated using a thermosuit, while their core body temperature was manipulated using hot or cold food and drinks.
According to the results, patients were better able to maintain vigilance when core body temperature was increased than when it was lowered, indicating that vigilance in narcolepsy can be altered simply by altering the temperature of food and drinks. Also, the ability to maintain wakefulness was better when skin temperature was lowered than when it was increased. Therefore, the process of falling asleep in narcoleptic subjects was able to be influenced by gently cooling or warming their hands and feet.
"Patients with narcolepsy lack a specific neurotransmitter in their brains. This neurotransmitter is responsible for the regulation of the sleep/wake rhythm. That is why narcoleptic patients fall asleep during the day, but have problems sleeping during the night," said Fronczek. "Sleep and skin temperature are tightly related, as everybody who ever tried to go to bed with cold feet will know. Earlier researchers discovered that in healthy people, the temperature of the distal skin--hands and feet--not only increases just before falling asleep, but also influences sleep itself. Warm hands and feet thus promote sleep. Our research shows that, surprisingly, the temperature of the hands and feet of people with narcolepsy is on a high level throughout the day, a level that is normally only seen in healthy people just before falling asleep. We normalized this abnormal pattern of skin temperature using a specially designed thermosuit that can differentially manipulate the distal en proximal skin temperature with warm or cold water. In this way, we were able to decrease daytime sleepiness and improve vigilance. This could lead to new therapeutical applications that can help to alleviate some of the symptoms of narcolepsy."
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that causes people to fall asleep uncontrollably during the day. It also includes features of dreaming that occur while awake. Other common symptoms include sleep paralysis, hallucinations and cataplexy. About one out of every 2,000 people is known to have narcolepsy. There does seem to be a genetic link to it. It is very rare for more than two people in the same family to have this sleep disorder. It affects the same number of men and women.
The article "Manipulation of Core Body and Skin Temperature Improves Vigilance and Maintenance of Wakefulness in Narcolepsy" was published in the February 1 issue of the journal Sleep. Adapted from materials provided by American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
ScienceDaily, February 1, 2008


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be described as bitter or sweet. It is one thing to embrace an unbiblical paradox in this life, but only the biblical paradoxes that God defines are the ones that are ultimately right and the ones that God will bless.
God further provides His reason why God's people abandoned His very existence in this passage. Verse 24 has several examples from nature and, notice, that to refuse God's nature goes against these natural pairing examples listed. Therefore, rejecting God is unnatural from God's perspective even though it is completely natural for man to reject God (Jeremiah 17:9). Although it is not directly stated, it appears that God's people rejected God's very nature/existence because they embraced unbiblical paradoxes (for example, Christian deists, homosexuals, abortionists) not contained in the Scriptures as evidenced by the fact that they abandoned the authority of the Scriptures (aka God's Holy Law). In particular, the Emergent church is notorious for embracing unbiblical paradoxes and, to date, none of whom are biblical creationists.
Other examples of unnatural paradoxes in the Bible include James 3:11–12, which says,
Does a spring send forth fresh water and bitter from the same opening?
Can a fig tree, my brethren, bear olives, or a grapevine bear figs? Thus no spring yields both salt water and fresh.
Notice how these unnatural and unbiblical paradoxes (sweet/bitter, figs/olives, and salt/fresh water) accompany judgment (these examples do not happen). This idea of judgment of unbiblical paradoxes is also seen in Psalm 4:2, which says
How long, O you sons of men,
Will you turn my glory to shame?
How long will you love worthlessness
And seek falsehood? Selah
The paradox decried against is shameful glory or loose love. The reason those are wrong is because God defines the paradox: God is God (aka "I AM THAT I AM") and we are not. Saying that His ways are higher than ours is not a cop-out answer, it is a definition that we are finite and He is infinite: our finite brains cannot comprehend infinite Being. Therefore, we must submit our understanding to the authority of God's Holy Word. In the Scriptures, we learn of paradoxes that God blesses: giving is better than receiving (Acts 20:35), the weak are strong (2 Corinthians 12:10), the secret to success is to deny ourselves (Luke 9:23–25). We can turn nowhere else to confirm that we understand anything, except that we use the authority of the Bible to confirm/reject our reality. Turning to the Bible is not intellectual suicide, but intellectual worship. The real paradox of neo-modernism is that they are turning away from the Scriptures for all their answers. Sadly, many in the Mosaic generation have left a biblical worldview to embrace unbiblical paradoxes because they have nowhere to turn for answers to their questions. Therefore, having a biblical worldview is necessary to teach our youth a biblical worldview to counter today's zeitgeist and serve as a necessary corrective of neomodernism.
The German phrase "so fängt es immer an" means it always begins the same way. While the world and Satan always attack the Word of God at the beginning, the result of the different attack schemes is not always that clear. No one prophesied that modernism would succeed the Enlightenment nor that antimodernism would succeed modernism. So there is no way to determine what the end of neomodernism will be. My concern about what may be called the end of neomodernism will not actually be the end since neomodernism is inherently futuristic (that is, no regard for the past, always looking forward, emphasizing novelty). Certainly, neomodernism is strong today and will prevail for another decade or so, even though it is thoroughly unbiblical. The difficulty in trying to determine the end of neomodernism can be compared to the secular view of the end of the universe: forever expansion, the big crunch, or an oscillating universe. By analogy, the forever expansion would be a scenario in which neomodernism never ends in our lifetime (or ever for that matter). Or maybe the Lord will return during our lifetime and neomodernism will be done away with only because it never had a chance to end properly. If neomodernism were to end in a big crunch, it would self-destruct ultimately because it is not founded on God's Word and could end in a third great awakening that recognizes our Creator King. Alternatively, and perhaps more disturbing of the three potential outcomes, is that neomodernism is oscillating through cycles of history "repeating" itself. Only until recently did anyone suggest studying history because it repeats itself. The benefit to studying history is to not repeat the errors of the past, not because the errors of the past are bound to identically present themselves again. Neither Nebuchadnezzar, nor Antiochus Epiphanes, nor Nero, nor Hitler will ever come back to life and rule tyrannically, squelching God's people on the face of the planet. The spirit of those tyrants will return (that is, Antichrist), but those very people will not repeat history. What is repeated historically is the same moral and intellectual lapses in judgment as Solomon noticed that "there is nothing new under the sun" (Ecclesiastes 1:9). The danger of neomodernism is that we may think it is defeated morally and intellectually when it has simply disappeared briefly from public life only to rear its head on a later date with the same tactics as the last time it was faced with some caveat to gain a new audience. The issues of neomodernism are new in that we are faced with new, individualized technology with no distinct regard for the Word of God (while worshipping nature), but it is the same old trick of deception as seen in the garden of Eden: doubting God's Word. The proper response to the neomodern attack must be the Word of God, especially at its foundation in Genesis 1–11.
Instead of using the term postmodernism, we should use the term neomodernism. Postmodernism is better understood as an historical movement better described as antimodernism, which is very different from our current zeitgeist. Neomodernism is a term that helps understand the times in which we live, and so Christians ought to study it for the sake of understanding the questions of this age (as opposed to embracing neomodern ideas). In particular, today's predominating worldview is open-minded towards neomodernism in Western civilization's culture, the church, and academia. Since we live in a neomodernistic age, science reigns supreme and we must counter its atheistic claims in light of the ensuing secularization of society at large. Sadly, many Christians have embraced the current worldview and tried to compromise the Scriptures with such ideas as Intelligent Design (aka neocreationism). Christians must be better equipped at understanding the paradox of our times and reject the unbiblical paradoxes while embracing the biblical paradoxes in light of the fact that we will inevitably face these same issues again in the future. Ultimately, the Word of God must be the authority in all areas of life. We do not remain in darkness, but in light of the glorious gospel of Christ. Our youth have unfortunately tasted the hypocritical religion of neomodernism (that is, moralistic therapeutic deism), but not the God of the Bible as they have been brainwashed with neomodernism. Therefore, the youth must be challenged with biblical authority at home and in church (and academically if possible) to abandon neomodernism and live the new life found in the Lord Jesus Christ, according to the Scriptures.
I would like to thank Jason Kleber and Kevin Woodruff for their aid in preparation of this manuscript.
Burke, S. and B. Taylor. 2006. A heretic's guide to eternity. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass.
Darton, R. 2011. 5 myths about the 'information age'. The Chronicle Review, April 17, 2011. Retrieved from _URL_ on April 21, 2011.
Dawkins, R. 1998. Postmodernism disrobed. Nature 394:141–143.
DeYoung, K. The Neo-Anabaptists. The Gospel Coalition, June 3, 2009. Retrieved from _URL_ on May 5, 2011.
Enns, P. 2008. The Moody handbook of theology, rev. ed. Chicago, Illinois: Moody Publishers.
Enns, P. and J. Schloss. n.d. How does the Fall fit into evolutionary history? Were Adam and Eve historical figures? The BioLogos Forum: Science and Faith in Dialogue. Retrieved from _URL_ on April 5, 2011.
Erickson, M. J. 2001. Truth or consequences: The promise and perils of postmodernism. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press.
Grauer V. 1981. Modernism/postmodernism/neomodernism, Downtown Review


Should Steam Escape From A Slow Cooker?
Slow cookers are a great way of being able to cook tasty meals without having to spend hours in the kitchen, they use the heat and steam created to cook the food inside the pot.
A small amount of steam should escape a slow cooker as most slow cookers have holes in the top to allow for the steam to naturally release. If you notice a lot of steam escaping your slow cooker this can affect your cooking times and may require you to replace your lid.
In this article, we are going to talk about whether steam should be leaving your slow cooker, if it is normal and how to adjust your slow cooker lid to stop too much steam from leaving your slow cooker.
Can Steam Escape From A Slow Cooker?
The simple answer to this question is Yes.
While it is accurate and acceptable that the steam escapes a slow cooker, there is a limit to it. Steam escaping in large quantities might not be a good sign as your food will take forever to cook.
Slow cookers are designed in a way that keeps the steam inside and lets the food cook at its own temperature. It gathers all the steam inside that it needs and slowly works for cooking the food.
If you notice that the lid is loose or the steam is escaping from the cooker, do not panic as it is normal. If the seal is tight, it might blow the lid off. For safety purposes, it is designed in a way that keeps the lid a bit loose.
In addition to this, it is designed differently from a traditional cooker that makes it easy for you to use it. You do not have to be concerned about the safety, and you can even leave it unattended. If you want to multitask, just put the ingredients inside and let it do its job.
There are a variety of foods you can cook in a slow cooker, and it is designed to make it easy for you to cook. Just set the timer and put in the ingredients. The cooker can do the rest.
One of the best features of using a slow cooker is that you do not have to stand by it the whole time it is on. You can leave it unattended and do other work. This feature makes it easy for you to cook and, at the same time, finish up some pending tasks.
So, if you are still concerned about the steam coming out of a slow cooker, let us help you.
Should Steam Escape From A Slow Cooker?
Like any other slow cooker, the purpose is to cook the meat or ingredients inside to the point that it makes it edible. Ideally, a large amount of steam should not escape the slow cooker. If you notice that all the steam is escaping the slow cooker, you might have done something wrong.
You should cover the lid properly or fix it at an angle that will not let the steam escape.
Usually, a slow cooker brings your food to a temperature around 210 degrees. It keeps it there to cook it slowly. If the lid is loose and it is not snug properly, there is a chance that you might have to wait for long to cook food.
The vent at the top of the slow cooker allows the steam to escape while cooking the food. One of the reasons for steam coming out of the cooker is related to the taste of the food. If there is too much steam inside (more than you want), it will ruin the taste.
So, make sure that you double-checked the cooker's lid to let the optimum steam stay inside.
How To Stop Steam Escaping From A Slow Cooker?
It is normal for the steam to escape the slow cooker, but if nothing remains inside, then it is quite alarming. There are different methods that can help you keep the steam inside needed to cook the food.
Your main goal is to cook the food at an optimum temperature that keeps the taste intact.
Below are a few methods that you can follow to make the most out of the slow cooker and prevent the steam from escaping.
1. Clean the pot thoroughly.
There might be a chance that the cooker's residue is coming in the way of letting the steam accumulate. Do not let the food stay inside and after each use, make sure you wash the cooker properly.
You can use baking soda, vinegar, and water to clean the cooker thoroughly. Cleaning it will help you and improve the performance of the cooker.
2. Use parchment paper or aluminum foil.
If there are fewer ingredients inside the cooker, you can cover them with parchment paper or a foil to seal the moisture inside. This will contain the steam inside and keeps the juicy flavor of the items.
Moreover, the material also keeps the steam inside, so you do not have to worry about steam coming out.
3. Use flour with water.
Make a mixture of flour and water and use the mixture to fill in the gaps. This method will prevent the steam from escaping the cooker.
So, these are some of the tips you can follow to keep the steam inside. It is necessary to follow the instructions and keep in mind the safety instructions so you do not hurt yourself.


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Seychelles Paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone corvina) - Wiki
Seychelles Paradise Flycatcher
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Seychelles Paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone corvina) is a rare bird from the genus of paradise-flycatchers (Terpsiphone) within the subfamily Monarchinae. It is endemic to the Seychelles.
The length of the males is about 20 cm. In addition there are two long black central tail feathers which can reach a length of 30 cm. The females can reach a length between 16 and 18 cm (including the tail). The males are entirely glossy black with a deep blue sheen. The upperparts of the females including wings and tail are reddish brown. The underparts are pale cream white. Facial skin, bill, and legs are blue.
It lives in the Veuve Nature Reserve on La Digue, Seychelles where it inhabits dense Calophyllum forests.
It preys on insects in flight or from a perch. It is also feed on larvaes and spiders. The oval bowl-shaped nest is build on branches and consists of twigs, palm fibre, and spider webs.
|The text in this page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article shown in above URL. It is used under the GNU Free Documentation License. You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the GFDL.|


text:
, one of the pioneer folklore collectors
during the first half of the twentieth century
, was born in Jacksonville, Florida
. As a teenager
he began collecting Cracker
folksay material while he was collecting "dollar down and dollar a week" accounts for his father, a furniture merchant. He left the University of Florida
to join the WPA
Florida Writers' Project, and was soon, at the age of 21, put in charge of folklore
, oral history
, and ethnic studies
Kennedy's first book, Palmetto Country, appeared in 1942 as a volume in the American Folkways Series edited by Erskine Caldwell. Of it, folklorist Alan Lomax has said, "I very much doubt that a better book about Florida folklife will ever be written." To which Kennedy's self-described "stud buddy" Woody Guthrie added, "gives me a better trip and taste and look and feel for Florida than I got in the forty-seven states I've actually been in body and tramped in boot."
In the aftermath of WWII Kennedy infiltrated the Ku Klux Klan and other racist/terrorist groups, and he subsequently authored a number of books dealing with human rights, including The Klan Unmasked, Southern Exposure, Jim Crow Guide, and After Appomattox: How the South Won the War, some of which have been widely translated into foreign languages.
Woody Guthrie wrote a song "Stetson Kennedy" that extolled his virtues as a possible write-in candidate for President.
For more information, see _URL_


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Copy graphics objects and their descendants
new_handle = copyobj(h,p)
copyobj creates copies of graphics objects. The copies are identical to the original objects except the copies have different values for their Parent property and a new handle. The new parent must be appropriate for the copied object (e.g., you can copy a line object only to another axes object).
new_handle = copyobj(h,p) copies one or more graphics objects identified by h and returns the handle of the new object or a vector of handles to new objects. The new graphics objects are children of the graphics objects specified by p.
Copy a surface to a new axes within a different figure.
h = surf(peaks);
colormap hot
figure % Create a new figure
axes % Create an axes object in the figure
new_handle = copyobj(h,gca);
colormap hot
grid on
Note that while the surface is copied, the colormap (figure property), view, and grid (axes properties) are not copied.
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h and p can be scalars or vectors. When both are vectors, they must be the same length, and the output argument, new_handle, is a vector of the same length. In this case, new_handle(i) is a copy of h(i) with its Parent property set to p(i).
When h is a scalar and p is a vector, h is copied once to each of the parents in p. Each new_handle(i) is a copy of h with its Parent property set to p(i), and length(new_handle) equals length(p).
When h is a vector and p is a scalar, each new_handle(i) is a copy of h(i) with its Parent property set to p. The length of new_handle equals length(h).
When programming a GUI, do not call copyobj or textwrap (which calls copyobj) inside a CreateFcn. The act of copying the uicontrol object fires the CreateFcn repeatedly, which raises a series of error messages after exceeding the root object's RecursionLimit property.
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