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Out in the clear waters near the Great Barrier Reef, a common blanket octopus male swim toward a female. This male need not worry about showing his brightest colors or engaging in a showy battle of strength in hopes of winning the female's permission to approach. In fact it's unclear if the female even notices his approach at all.
You see, the male blanket octopus is less than an inch long. His object of affection? She often tops six feet. How can a male this small fertilize the eggs of a female that large? Therein lies one of the trickier sex acts in the natural world.
Most animals require close contact to reproduce, using either internal fertilization (as humans do) or fertilization nearby (think spawning salmon). So having a similarly matched body size is helpful for reasons of physical logistics—as well as for personal safety (as we'll soon see). But for causes still obscure to most—except Evolution herself—in a very few, very distantly related animals, males and females long ago diverged to two radically different scales.
The blanket octopus (Tremoctopus violaceus) is one of a handful of animals that go to great lengths to overcome their partner's drastic difference in size. Males of the species have to mount females that are some 72 times their size. So instead of searching for a lasting union, the male removes his specialized mating arm (known as the hectocotylus), replete with his genetic contribution, and deposits it with the female for her to use at a later date—while he swims away with his seven arms to safety (and rapid senescence). (In fact, the octopus's mating arm was named the hectocotylus because, initially, it was mistaken for a "100-suckered" parasitic worm.)
Male spiders are another example. They must be as cautious as wee octopuses because their mates are not only huge, but also frequently cannibalistic. In cases like these, small size can actually be to a male's advantage. For the tiger spider (Nephila plumipes), a type of orb spider, the male's extreme bittiness might diminish his odds of becoming a meal. "The female may fail to detect a small male," researchers suggest—and "the female may ignore a small male because his size provides little in the way of a nutritional meal." So, over time, natural selection seems to have favored smaller males, who are most successful—whether through stealth or just unappetizing scrawniness—at avoiding cannibalization prior to mounting a female (all bets are off afterward, according to scientists who watched this in action). But what stops the male tiger spider from shrinking into obscurity? This species competes with other males for access to females, so it can pay to be small—but not the smallest.
In some cases, one sex is not just a smaller version of the other, but actually fails to truly fully develop much at all. If you thought the she-octopus was a mate to be reckoned with, you have not met the female sea devil (family Ceratiidae), a type of anglerfish. This deep-sea-dwelling female has a massive toothed jaw, and a dangling bioluminescent bulb in front of her face to attract prey into her waiting maw. The male, by contrast, hunts only for the female, for she is his only chance of survival. At approximately 1/64th her size, the males lack a fully formed mouth or digestive tract. These underdeveloped fish ply the dark waters hoping to catch scent or sight of their female dirigible-savior. They use their rudimentary jaws to latch on to her underside, a bite that also releases chemicals that help to fuse the male's mouth to the female's body, eventually integrating him into her circulatory system. He will stay there—sometimes in the company of several other "parasitic" males—for the rest of the female's life, absorbing nutrients from her and providing her with sperm for spawning once he and she are both mature.
These cases of extremely mismatched mates can provide challenges not only to the animals involved, but also to the humans who study them. For decades, no one had ever seen a male blanket octopus because we (silly humans) were searching for one that was similar in size to the females. It wasn't until 2002 that one was first identified in the wild—a reminder to us to continue to look outside of our own human-sized ideas about pairing.


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Villanova Executive Education sets itself apart by committing to a model that is based on providing cutting-edge staff support, superior faculty, and practical strategies that have been proven to drive positive organizational change. The following process demonstrates our commitment to personalized service and outlines the steps toward a successful partnership.
Step 1: PARTNER
VSB works with the client to complete a needs assessment to understand the program's objectives, including learning outcomes, participant backgrounds, success measures, and how the program fits into overall organizational strategy.
Step 2: RESEARCH
Faculty engage in industry and academic research. Through work with executive leaders and based on information gathered in the partnership phase, faculty prepare to bring the application of that research to the classroom.
Step 3: DESIGN
Cutting-edge content is generated and merged with client-specific business challenges. An innovative design is proposed and refined based on client feedback and results in a customized program that fits stated client objectives.
Step 4: DELIVER
A classroom environment is created which promotes and encourages applied learning so that participants are able to create immediate and ongoing value for their organization.
Step 5: ASSESS
Assessment occurs in real time—ensuring that changes are made during the delivery phase that are responsive to feedback from participants and/or newly gathered competitive intelligence that may impact program content or context.
Step 6: TRANSFORM
Success is achieved when learning is translated into action across an organization. Participants continue to transform the way they approach and solve problems as they actively transfer learning to the teams they manage and influence.
Step 7: IMPACT
After the program concludes, VSB analyzes the impact of the engagement based upon success measures set forth in the partner phase. An appropriate follow-up plan is suggested that promotes continued learning and aligns with organizational strategy.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Women in Cambodian Society
My English class had on average 30 people attending. That's about as many as could be fit within the space of our classroom. Strangely enough, there was only one girl in the class, the rest were boys (of which about 10 were monks). Because class was open for anyone who wished to improve their English (this was an advanced speaker's class), there were odd days when we had two girls in the class, but for the most part there was only one. The disproportionate gender distribution was instantly noticeable and got me curious.
View of the Classroom from the Wat Preah Prom Rath Grounds
View of the Classroom from the Wat Preah Prom Rath Grounds
Since it was not only my class that suffered from severe lack of women in comparison to men, I asked why there were hardly any girls attention the classes in Wat Preah Prom Rath Pagoda. What I was told was not a bit surprising. My students simply said that if I went to the Khmer University in Siem Reap, I would see the same ratio of women vs men. They said only about 4 girls attended the university, the rest were all boys.
I was curious why that was so I kept asking. Did Cambodian women have aversion to education or was there something else in play? The responses from my students suggested that based on Cambodian cultural and societal beliefs, the place for a woman is at home, looking after children and making her man happy. She is not to care about anything else and should always stay by the side of her man, even if he cheats on her or beats her up, which is a common treatment Cambodian women receive from their husbands.
The world has moved forward and both sexes are deemed equal in most of the world, but some countries still perceive women as the lesser of the two. Cambodia appears to be one of them. High rates of rape also suggest that many Cambodian men perceive and treat women as mere sexual objects. Sadly enough, it is socially and culturally unacceptable for a Cambodian woman to admit pre-marital sex, even if she was brutally forced into it. Because of that, most cases of rape don't get reported and remain a burden a woman-victim is left alone to bear.
One thought on "Women in Cambodian Society"
 1. Having taught for many years at Universities and schools in Cambodia, all I can say is that you are wrong, the proportions of females to males is about equal.
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A Political Chronology of the World
Routledge – 2010 – 996 pages
A Political Chronology of the World is a major new publication which gives an impartial record of the political, geographical and economic events that have helped to shape world history.
Although the book includes greater coverage of more recent events—particularly in countries with a recent history of political upheaval—it also provides invaluable detail on the early history of each nation. Each chronology begins at least as early as the emergence of an entity resembling the modern nation, and in many cases considerably earlier.
In addition to coverage of purely political events, the title also includes details of the principal economic, cultural and social landmarks in the history of each nation. Examples might include the adoption of new languages, alphabets, calendars or religions. This volume aims to be the first point of reference for concise information on the history of each nation in the world.
Organized with a chapter for each country in the world, contents include:


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What happens when virtual reality meets the real classroom? A lot of learning takes place, that's what. That's especially true in the technical fields.
Unaka High School's collision repair classes have a new learning tool that lets students paint a car without actually painting a car. It may look like a new video game, but in fact its a new learning tool for the class.
It's a virtual painting booth for vehicles. Needless to say, the students love it. "It's pretty much like you're really painting. I love painting, it actually helps you out a little bit," sophomore Lee Bennett says.
The virtual painting booth does give the students a lot of practice; for the school, it saves money. "We don't have to buy paint. They can paint different parts of the vehicle daily, whereas if they were ina paint booth they might only get to do that once a week or [every] two weeks," says Career and Technical Director Mickey Taylor.
The developers of this system have brought as much of the real thing to it as possible. "Even the gunning vibrates to simulate the air going through it. You set your nozzle up the same as you would back there in the paint bay. So it's awful close to the real thing," teacher Phillip Taylor said.
It even tells you what you're doing right or wrong almost instantly, which helps the students. "So if I know what my grade is when I'm doing it, I can do it better. I know what I'm messing up on and can do it right," junior Kayla Cochran said.
"When you paint it shows your thick spots, your light spots and it shows your good spots. That's the cool thing about it," adds sophomore Logan Blevins.
And why not practice in a virtual world rather than using someone's car for practice?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: Trunyan's old temple, Pura Pancering Jagat ("Temple of the Navel of the World"), stands under a massive banyan tree. Unusual architecture abounds in this austere pura-a fossilized relic of aboriginal Balinese society. The Bali Aga never came fully under Javano-Balinese domination, and the Polynesian features found in their temples are not seen elsewhere on Bali. One must cross over a symbolic little bridge (titi gonggang) before entering. Hidden away in a seven-tiered tower inside is Bali's largest statue, the megalithic-style Ratu Gede Pancering Jagat, the powerful patron guardian of the village. Known locally as Da Tonta, this unique 3.5-meter-high stone and clay statue, adorned with ornaments, is considered very ancient, and many magic powers are attributed to it. Every three years virgin boys ceremoniously clean and paint the surface of the colossus with a mixture of water, chalk, and honey. You won't be able to see this august statue, as it's jealously guarded by the villagers. Only they, and only during rituals, may gaze it.


5 Ways Video Games Can Bring a Shy Kid Out of His Shell
Hot List 1
video game consoleVideo games are as much a part of modern kid-dom as peanut butter and jelly. Just about anywhere you go, you're bound to see a kid or three gathered around a little box with a screen jabbering on about mushrooms or racers or some such gibberish (to you anyway). Any guesses what you're seeing there?
Communication. Aka, social skills. Aka, video game play is no longer relegated to that loner kid in his mom's basement. In fact, if you've got a shy kid who needs to be brought out of his shell, you might want to invest in a game console. Behold the wonder of what it can do:
1. Common Ground. What does a shy kid need to start a conversation with other kids? That's right, an icebreaker. Pull out a handheld game console on the playground, and kids tend to come a running to see what they're playing. Presto, change-o, they've all got something to talk about.
2. Online Talk. Some kids just don't open up in person. But put them in front of a keyboard and let them develop a relationship with the written word, and you've opened the door to in-real-life friendships.
3. Takes the Pressure Off. Have a kid who doesn't really share much about his life with you? Try gaming with them... and talk while you're playing. Studies have shown kids tend to open up more in environments that are pressure-free where they don't necessarily have to look you in the eye.
4. Something to Boast About. Doing well in a video game -- where the costs of failure are pretty low -- can give kids a confidence boost which will carry over to real life. We always want to feel like we're "good" at something, don't we?
5. Multiplayer Game Play. Not only do kids get to talk to their peers without having to be face-to-face with certain games, but multiplayer games also create a camaraderie and a sense of teamwork that often translates over to real life... especially if they're playing with their real-life peers.
How have video games helped your shy kid open up?
Image via Soda O/Flickr
activities, video games


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A group of researchers from Japan has examined how the hold position of a red blood cell affects its mechanical characteristics in tensile tests.
The tensile test is the most fundamental type of mechanical test in material science to understand mechanical properties of material of interest. Although the tensile test has also been used in cellular mechanics, large variations were found in experimental data unlike metallic materials. Conventionally, the variations were attributed to sample-to-sample variations as is common in biological studies. Yet the researchers, who have been engaged in tensile tests of cells for many years, experienced difficulties in controlling the hold position of cells under a microscope using a needle and a micropipette, and hypothesized that differences in the hold position yielded the experimental errors.
The researchers reproduced the tensile test of a red blood cell in silico using a particle method that describes the motion of fluid and the structure as the collective behavior of particles. This method allows a fluid-structure interaction analysis with ease compared to other numerical methods such as finite element methods.
The results show significant varitions in the deformed geometry of the red blood cell during the tensile test, as well as variations in strain distribution. Of the hold patterns examined, with an applied strain of 0.8, the misaligned stretch increased the maximum of the first principal strain by 65-85% in comparison to the aligned stretch.
Although it would be ideal to precisely align the hold position with the stretch to gain correct data, this represents a significant practical challenge. A take-home message of this study is that, for the interpretationof RBC tensile test results, we should always bear in mind that tensile test data are significantly affected by the hold position.
Masanori Nakamura & Yoshihiro Ujihara
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saitama University, Japan


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Considerations of Honor Crimes, FGM, Kidnapping/Rape, and Early Marriage in Selected Arab Nations
This paper addresses the issue of widespread gender-based violence in Arab countries. Honour crimes, FGM, rape, forced marriage, and domestic violence – with specific reference to Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq – are the main issues under discussion here. The author describes current legal reforms, and potentials for legislation, with regards to these manifestations of violence in each specific country. She outlines the religious (or lack thereof) and cultural arguments for such violence and recommends that more government mandates, and coordination with religious officials, are needed to combat what is perceived to be 'religiously-sanctioned' gender-based violence.


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Master of Science
Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Dr. Moira Stewart
The experience of fatigue has been a common problem among community populations for decades. The symptom of fatigue is also a frequent health complaint in primary care practices. Fatigue patients have been shown to be significantly high users of health care resources, particularly when compared to non-fatigued patient populations. To date, an understanding of the presence and the impact of the symptom of fatigue within the context of the Canadian health care system has been understudied.
The objective of this research was to determine the number of patients who were suffering from the symptom of fatigue within a primary care setting and to explore the determinants of their health care utilization patterns. Furthermore, these patterns of health care use were compared to a non-fatigue symptom patient population, who were also from a primary care setting. The data were extracted from a longitudinal electronic medical record database, which captures details of primary care encounters throughout Southwestern Ontario.
The fatigue symptom patients were found to experience a large complex of co-occurring morbidity and a markedly high level of referral following their visit with the symptom of fatigue. As well, the fatigue symptom patients were found to have an increased number of subsequent visits to their primary care provider and an increased number of investigations during a one year follow-up period, when compared to the non-fatigue symptom group.
These findings begin to create an understanding of fatigue symptom patients, their complex of morbidity, and their subsequent health care use patterns. This information will help to improve the management of fatigue symptom patients in Canadian primary care practices and in the Canadian health care system more broadly.
Nicholson, Kathryn A., "The Symptom of Fatigue in Primary Care: A Comparative Study of Health Care Utilization Patterns Using Electronic Medical Records" (2012). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 627.


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Creating a number series to use as a reference number
You have the option to add a reference number to your applications that counts every instance started in a specific application.
This must be configured by our support team, you can reach out to them at _EMAIL_.
The support team will need the following information to set up a correct number series:
Space ID: The 4-digit space ID to which the number series will be connected to. (You can find the space ID in the URL of the space.
Name: The name of the number series. (If you have many number series within the space, it is a good idea to have a name that describes its function and includes the name of the application). When you select the number series for an application you will choose it from a drop-down that has all the reference numbers for the space, so you want it to be easy to select the correct number.
Start number: Include which number you would like the series to start on. For example, if you would like your reference number to show the date the instance was started and then start counting at one you may write:
- Case 2023-01-00001
The date format can be customized to meet your needs as well as the characters separating the dates. You can choose to have a slash (/), a hyphen (-), or to have no spaces. You can add letters to your number series as well.
Format: Using the generic parts in a number series below, Write the format behind the example you have written above. Below are the formats behind the reference number examples above:
Generic parts in a number series :
- [yy] - Two part year, 23
- [yyyy] - Four part year, 2023
- [MM] - Month, 02
- [dd] - Day, 08
- [n:4] - Incremented number that has (in this example) at least four digits, 0012.
- Note, the number after 9999 is 10000. If you do not want 4 digits, simply replace the 4 with the number of digits you prefer.
- You can add any numbers or words you would like to include.
The counter on a number series will never start over from 0. If you include the date, the counter will not start over at the beginning of the year. If you would like your number to start over you will need to have a new number series created.
Here is an example of what to send to support:
Space ID: 0000
Name of the reference number series: TEST
Start value: 1999 (2000) (Start counter at 1 is default)
How you would like the finished number to appear in the list: 230126-SPUA-2000
A number series should only be used with one application.
Activating the number series for the application:
Once the support team has set up the number series, You will need to activate the number series for the intended application.
- Go to the Application overview page and open Application configuration.
- Go to the advanced tab and select your number series from the drop-down. Read about numbering sub instances here.
- All reference numbers from the space are available in the drop-down, but a reference number should only be used for one application.
- Save the configuration.
- Once the configuration is complete, you will be able to see the Reference number in the Application Overview.
Create a reference number for each sub instance
There are two ways that the sub instances of an application with a reference number can be numbered. They can either inherit their number from the main instance or they can be given a number of their own. You can choose this when selecting your number series. To change this go to Application configuration and locate the advanced tab.
If the check box is selected, the sub instance will receive its own number from the same number series as the main instance. For example, if the main instances reference number is 001, the sub instance may be 002.
If the checkbox is left empty, the sub instance will receive the same reference number as the main instance, but with a counter added to it. For example, if the main instances reference number is 001, the sub-instance may be 001.1.
Use Reference numbers in forms and lists.
You can add the reference number to a form by using the Object field - Instance number.
You can also show the reference numbers in a list by adding the standard column Ref #.


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INHERITANCE OF BITTERNESS IN CUCUMBER
Three cucumber inbred lines with different types of bitterness: bitter in both foliage and fruit (BiBiBtBt), bitterfree in both foliage and fruit (bibibtbt), and bitter in foliage only (BiBibtbt,) were used as materials to examine the segregation ratios of the F1, F2, and BC1 progeny. The results showed that the genes controlling foliage bitterness, Bi and bi, act independently of those controlling fruit bitterness, Bt and bt, and that bi is epistatically recessive to Bt. Fruits are also bitter when Bi and bi are heterozygous, even in the absence of Bt, although the extent of bitterness is less than that caused by Bt, and the proportion of bitter fruit is lower.
Xingfang, G., Shengping, Z., Yanmei, G. and Caiqing, X. (2007). INHERITANCE OF BITTERNESS IN CUCUMBER. Acta Hortic. 731, 67-70
cucumber, bitterness, inheritance


text: Elisha Mitchell (_PHONE_) was born in Washington, CT, the son of Phoebe Eliot and Abner Mitchell, a farmer. He graduated from Yale with Denison Olmsted in 1813 and subsequently taught at Jamaica, NY, at New London, CT, and at Yale as a tutor before becoming professor of mathematics and natural philosophy at the University in November 1817. He was licensed to preach by the Congregational Church and in 1821 was ordained a Presbyterian minister. He married Maria Sybil North of New London, CT, in November 1819; she was the daughter of a physician. The couple had seven children: three sons—Henry Eliot Mitchell, Matthew Henry (who died in infancy) and Charles Andrews; and four daughters—Mary Phoebe (who married Richard J. Ashe), Ellen Hannah (who married Joseph John Summerell), Margaret Eliot, and Eliza North (who married Richard S. Grant). In 1825 Mitchell succeeded Olmsted as professor of chemistry. Continuing a geological survey of North Carolina begun by Olmsted, Mitchell published several papers and pamphlets. He is best known for measuring the height of Black Mountain, now called Mount Mitchell, in western North Carolina, the highest peak east of the Mississippi River. The claim was disputed by Thomas Lanier Clingman, who argued that he and not Mitchell had found the highest point in the range. To settle the controversy, Mitchell went again to the mountains in 1857 and on June 27, 1857, set out alone to make his measurements. He fell down a steep bank into a pool and drowned. He was buried in Asheville and later reinterred on Mount Mitchell (Dictionary of North Carolina Biography 4:281-82).


Triggering Term
DEFINITION of 'Triggering Term'
A word or phrase that when used in advertising literature requires the presentation of the terms of a credit agreement so that individuals can compare credit offers on a fair and equal basis.
Open-end and closed-end credit each have a set of triggering terms associated with them; if a single one is used in advertising material, then the full set of credit terms must also be displayed so as not to confuse or deceive consumers.
Triggering terms are set and monitored by the Federal Trade Commission, in the United States.
BREAKING DOWN 'Triggering Term'
Credit literature and advertising must abide by the Truth In Lending Act passed in 1969, which requires that lenders disclose key terms of an agreement, such as how finance charges are computed, when a charge can be imposed and charges computed as an annual percentage rate.
Triggering terms help clarify the conditions under which a consumer is borrowing money. It is important to read carefully all of the disclosures to get a true picture of the cost of borrowing money. Being oblivious to the terms of a loan and the charges that can be incurred can cause a consumer to become buried in debt.
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 2. Truth In Lending Act - TILA
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Orphanages have existed in the United States for almost 300 years. Some provided safe and healthy environments for children to grow and learn. Others were virtual workhouses and children were neglected, starved, and abused. Is it any wonder that there are so many reports of mass hauntings by children in the graveyards and cemeteries that served the orphanages?
When the colonists came to the new land now known as the United States of America, many succumbed to epidemics leaving single parents or no parents to care for the surviving children.
The oldest orphanage in the United States is the Bethesda Home for Boys. It opened in 1740 near Savannah, Georgia. It is still in operation today.
The advantages of the industrial revolution brought many detriments to the families of large cities: long working hours, crime, poverty, alcohol, and other horrors.
In 1850, there were 27 orphanages in New York City alone.
The civil war took many fathers of families leaving mothers unable to provide for their children.
WWI and the depression years brought more victims of neglect and abandonment.
Mothers who couldn't care for their children would often drop them off at churches, which were instrumental in building orphanages to care for these children. Many children were brought in from the streets.
Most of these children were not true orphans, but did have at least one parent somewhere.
Many orphanages provided healthy and safe environments for the children. Some did not.
I have read many tales of neglect, starvation, abuse, rape and even death of children in the care of orphanages.
The cemeteries outside of some of these orphanages are filled with the graves of children....thousands of them.
At the cemetery used for the children of Bartonville Asylum in Peoria, Illinois, there are 4,000 graves with only numbers, 1500 have been identified, no thanks to the State of Illinois which will not release any information according to my source.
At Pythian Castle in Springfield, Missouri, built as an orphanage in 1913 by the Knights of Pythius, there are tales of a maintenance man who abused many of the children in a tunnel below the building. In 1916, there were 800 children living there. Six years later, 345 of these children were dead.
The people who ran an orphanage in Chicago would perform a physical on the children before bringing them in, to insure they were healthy enough to work hard. They would "feel their muscles, look at their teeth, and look them up and down" like the witch in the gingerbread house in Hansel and Gretel.
These children have been erased from history, and they don't like it.
According to the ghost hunters investigating these orphanages, the spirits of these children are banding together. They hear them on the playgrounds playing and laughing, they see their shadows among the trees watching them, and they pick up a congregation of voices on their EDP equipment....screaming. They even hear babies crying.
Why are these little ones still here? What do they want from us? Retribution, vengeance, or merely to be remembered?
SciFi Channel. May 28, 2008. Children of the Grave
Paranormal Site @ BellaOnline
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Content copyright © 2011 by Deena Budd. All rights reserved.
This content was written by Deena Budd. If you wish to use this content in any manner, you need written permission. Contact Deena Budd for details.


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Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics
Students will investigate data patterns with density and normal curves and study statistical correlation of data. Students will design experiments and study probability with discrete, continuous, binomial and geometric distributions. Students will be able to interpret results using significance tests and make inference for distributions, proportions, Chi-Square procedures and regression models. Students are encouraged to take the Advanced Placement Statistics examination. Reading and problem solving are emphasized throughout the course.


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Staying the Course of Learning: Broken Devices Can Derail Your Remote Learning Program
When remote learning became the primary (and sometimes only) way to educate our students, it suddenly became necessary for every student to have a device that always functions. Few school districts were completely prepared to make the transition to 100 percent remote learning. Most have experienced unexpected challenges along the way. However, one challenge is basic to the continuity of learning: To learn remotely, every student requires a device that functions properly at all times. When learners' devices stop functioning properly, learning stops. Period. You need immediate, cost effective solutions for deployment, protection, service and device replacement. Here's what you need to know.


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Sometimes you have an issue with someone and it can get to the point that the individual just stops paying attention and ignores you. The silent treatment can be especially frustrating if this relationship has a significant personal meaning. There are ways to get back in their good graces and get them to stop ignoring you.
Observe this person around other people. Discern if they act the same way towards others, because sometimes you can overreact or misread people. Maybe this person ignores everyone and just does not like social interaction.
Examine your behavior towards this individual. You may have done something inadvertently to upset this person. Think about when the silent treatment started and what happened in your relationship around that time. It could be a simple misunderstanding.
Talk to common friends and ask them if they noticed anything different about this person. These friends can give a different perspective on the situation and help you understand if there is anything else going on with the person that you did know about. For instance, they may be having trouble at work or school that caused them to withdraw and it may have nothing to do with you.
Talk to the person that is ignoring you. Ask them in a confrontational manner why they are ignoring you. Further, ask them if there is anything going on their lives that they want to talk about with you.
Listen to what the person has to say and take it to heart. Too many times people take offense at another person's actions and block out any criticism because they are offended or hurt. No one is perfect and everyone makes mistakes, but the tragedy is not learning from and correcting those mistakes.
Apologize for anything that you may have done to hurt this person. More than anything else, a heartfelt apology may remedy the situation and get the person to stop ignoring you.
Stay out of this person's way for a while. If after talking to them, they have no idea what you are talking about, and then just avoid their presence. They may just need some space, but even if they don't stop ignoring you then you are better off not knowing this person.


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Packaging and High-Temperature Characterization of a 650 V, 150 A eGaN HEMT
In this work, a commercial 650 V, 150 A enchancement mode GaN (eGaN) HEMT from GaN Systems was packaged and characterized for its static properties at temperatures up to 250° C. The eGaN HEMTs studied in this work were purchased from GaN Systems with the part number of GS-065-150-1-D rated at 650 V, 150 A. Copper was the surface finish on all the gate, source, and drain pads, and the backside of the chip was finished with silver.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the package design. Silver sintering was used for attaching the device chip on direct-bond-copper substrate, and gold wire-bonding for interconnections. Fig. 2 shows the fabrication process of the high-temperature package.
The packaged device was tested at temperatures up to 250 ° C to determine the effects of temperature on its static characteristics. It survived multiple heating/cooling cycles between room temperature and 250° C as it underwent static testing on a curve tracer. Compared to the characteristics at room temperature, at 250 ° C, the threshold voltage was reduced by about 30%, the saturation current was down below 45% of the rated current, and the leakage current was increased by tens of times.


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Automation of capacitance measurements for power semiconductor modules
This paper presents an overview of questions related to the increase in accuracy of measurements of capacitance parameters of power semiconductor modules when developing a device for automated measurements. The paper addresses the matters of circuit engineering of primary components, technical characteristics and software of a meter designed to automate the process of testing of capacitance parameters of power modules based on insulated gate
bipolar transistors and fast recovery diodes. Unit testing results that prove the efficiency of
the proposed method of the technical implementation are provided. Software implementation is described; ways to improve software-hardware solution are proposed. The paper is of value for developers and users of equipment for automated testing of electric parameters of semiconductor devices.
Keywords: automated test equipment (ATE), capacitance parameters, IGBT, FRD, power semiconductor modules, MATLAB.


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1. The continuing doubt concerning the value of vasoconstrictive therapy for gastrointestinal bleeding may be related to the complexity of clinical trials in such a situation.
2. The effect of SM 201–995, a somatostatin analogue, was investigated in conscious cirrhotic rats before, during and after experimental bleeding from the portal territory.
3. Before haemorrhage, somatostatin analogue (8 μg h−1 kg−1 body weight, intravenously) produced a significant decrease in portal pressure (17%), whereas a placebo (saline) lacked significant effect.
4. The rats were then subjected to spontaneous bleeding, by disconnection of the portal catheter from the pressure gauge, for a 5 min period. At the end of the haemorrhage, haemodynamic parameters did not significantly differ between the group receiving somatostatin analogue and that receiving placebo.
5. Fifteen minutes after the end of the bleeding period, portal pressure was significantly lower in rats receiving somatostatin analogue [8.5 ± 0.5 mmHg (1.13 ± 0.07 kPa), mean ± sem] than in rats receiving placebo [11.0 ± 1.1 mmHg (1.50 ± 0.15 kPa)].
6. The volume of blood lost and mortality were significantly lower in the group treated with somatostatin analogue (2.3 ± 0.1 ml/100 g body weight and 8%, respectively) than in the group receiving placebo (3.0 ± 0.1 ml/100 g body weight and 50%, respectively).
7. These results demonstrate, in an experimental model, the beneficial effect of somatostatin analogue for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension. They suggest that administration of this substance should be started as soon as possible after the beginning of haemorrhage and continued after the cessation of bleeding.


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- Allied Whale History
- Senior Staff
- Publications List
- Marine Mammal Strandings
- Mount Desert Rock
- Education Resources
- Adopt-A-Whale Program
Mount Desert Rock
Mount Desert Rock is a remote, treeless island situated approximately 25 nautical miles south of College of the Atlantic, in Bar Harbor, Maine. Since the early 19th century the island has had a light tower, and various buildings to house light-keeper families. In the 1950s the island was occupied by the United States Coastguard. Now it is the home of the Edward McC. Blair Marine Research Station.
In the early 1970s, students, staff, and faculty from College of the Atlantic visited the island. They noted that the site was a prime location for marine mammal research. Both Mount Desert Rock and the nearby Inner Schoodic Ridges are areas of upwelling, creating localized zones of high biological productivity. Species commonly sighted included humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), finback (Balaenoptera physalus), and northern right (Eubalaena glacialis) whales, harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), common (Delphinus delphis) and white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), and harbor (Phoca vitulina) and gray (Halichoerus grypus) seals.
In cooperation with the US Coastguard, Allied Whale, the marine mammal research division of College of the Atlantic, seasonally occupied Mount Desert Rock for several decades. Mount Desert Rock became the base of summer operations for Allied Whale, and provided a foundation for important studies such as the development of photo-identification techniques for humpback and finback whales. In the mid 1990s, occupation of the island ceased as the US Coastguard reviewed the need for Mount Desert Rock as part of the network of lighthouses off the coast of Maine. In 1996, College of the Atlantic acquired the island from the US Coastguard. Although the Coastguard maintains right of access to the aids to navigation equipment on the island, College of the Atlantic is responsible for the buildings and maintenance of the structures on Mount Desert Rock.
College of the Atlantic continues to maintain an active presence on Mount Desert Rock. Recently, Allied Whale has initiated a five-year study of marine mammal populations in the northern Gulf of Maine, using Mount Desert Rock as a base of operations. Members of Allied Whale, together with staff, faculty and administration of the college, continue to spearhead the development of Mount Desert Rock as a fully operational research station that will eventually expand its research repertoire beyond marine mammal science. As a first step in this expansion, and in recognition of his financial and spiritual support to Allied Whale and College of the Atlantic, the field station was recently dedicated as the Edward McC. Blair Marine Research Station.
Mount Desert Rock has 4 buildings perched precariously on its rocky ledges; the boathouse, light tower, generator shed and light-keeper's house. The boathouse has space for 4 research inflatable boats, and is rigged with a hydraulic hauling system and chain hoist. The light tower reaches over 70 ft in height above sea level, and has two exterior platforms provide excellent views 360Â° around the island. The generator shed is currently used as an equipment room; the college plans to convert this space into a wet-lab. Finally, the house itself has accommodations for 20 researchers/students, 2 classrooms, a recreation room, kitchen and dining room, and radio room.
Power is currently provided by a small gas generator supplying a bank of deep-cycle batteries that distribute 110V mains power via an inverter. Plans exist to convert this system to a solar array, with the generator supplying emergency power only.
Rainwater is collected via a roof collection system, is stored in two large cisterns in the basement of the building and provides a non-potable freshwater source for bathing, washing, etc.. Drinking water currently must be shipped in, although the College has proposed to install a desalination system.
College of the Atlantic recently made contact with former inhabitants of the island, Wilbur and Shirley York, who lived on the Rock in the late 1920s as children. Allied Whale arranged for Wilbur and Shirley to revisit Mount Desert Rock in Summer 2000. An article reviewing this visit can be found here, from the Bar Harbor Times (secondarily published in the Ellsworth American).
Mount Desert Rock is ideally located for offshore studies of marine mammals and seabirds. Thus the Rock is a perfect base-camp for members of Allied Whale, the marine mammal research group affiliate with College of the Atlantic. Allied Whale's mission is to be a center of excellence for marine mammal studies, while simultaneously providing the best experiential education possible for undergraduate and graduate students interested in a career in marine mammalogy. As such, Mount Desert Rock is an integral part of that mission, providing an offshore research platform that permits the study of marine mammals in their natural environment, while also providing a communal, educative and enriching atmosphere that promotes the growth of student' skills and knowledge.
Current research projects, with senior investigators, include:
A five-year study of the foraging ecology of balaenopterids in the northern Gulf of Maine - Dr. S. Todd (COA), D. Dendanto (UMO), and J. Allen (COA)
Behavioral interactions between harbor and gray seals - S. Renner, Dr. J. Gilbert (UMO), and Dr. S. Todd (COA/UMO adjunct)
Photo-identification of finback whales using digital video - Dr. S. Todd (COA), D. Dendanto (UMO), C.Vashro (COA), and J. Allen (COA)
The North Atlantic humpback whale catalog - R. Seton (COA), and J. Allen (COA)
The North Atlantic finback whale catalog - D. Dendanto (UMO) and C. Vashro (COA
Guano tolerant plants of Mount Desert Rock - Dr. Nishanta Rajakaruna (COA) and Nathaniel Pope (COA)
Although College of the Atlantic owns two field stations in the Gulf of Maine, Mount Desert Rock is located furthest offshore, and represents possibly the most remote and isolated learning conditions that the college has to offer. Classes on Mount Desert Rock focus on an experiential educationï¿½€ï¿½not only learning the syllabus of a particular class, but also learning how to become part of a close-knit self-reliant community that depends upon its members to ensure the smooth running of the research station. Thus, a student that enrolls in a class on MDR is also signing up for a lesson in island life and community living. By the end of their stay on Mount Desert Rock, most students never want to leave! The isolated and remote lifestyle can be addictive, and the opportunity to study wildlife in situ, in an offshore environment, is a unique opportunity unmatched by most other undergraduate institutions.
Courses offered on Mount Desert Rock by College of the Atlantic fall into two categories: those offered by the summer graduate/continuing education program, and undergraduate classes offered by the college during the normal school year.
In summer 2000, College of the Atlantic offered classes at Mount Desert Rock for the graduate courses Introduction to Biological Oceanography (Dr. S. Todd, COA), and Whales, dolphins and seals (Dr. G. Stone, NEAQ). In the same season, the college also provided the undergraduate class Field Studies in Marine Mammalogy (Dr. S. Todd, COA), and also hosted a class in Island Life (Dr. J. Anderson, COA). Plans to use Mount Desert Rock for classes in the undergraduate offering Introduction to Oceanography (Dr. S. Todd, COA) are ongoing.
Marine Mammal Strandings
To report a marine mammal stranding please call:
If You would like to Donate
Donations can be made to:
Allied Whale, College of the Atlantic
105 Eden Street
Bar Harbor, ME 04609


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An international team of scientists recently announced the discovery of a new species of blind deep-sea crab whose legs are covered with long, pale yellow hairs. This crab was first observed in March 2005 by marine biologists using the research submarine Alvin to explore hydrothermal vents along the Pacific-Antarctic ridge, south of Easter Island. Because of its hairy legs, this animal was nicknamed the "Yeti crab," after the fabled Yeti, the abominable snowman of the Himalayas. The Yeti crab was discovered during the Easter Microplate expedition to the southeast Pacific, led by MBARI scientist Bob Vrijenhoek. The primary goal of this expedition was to learn how bottom-dwelling animals from one deep-sea hydrothermal vent are able to colonize other hydrothermal vents hundreds or thousands of miles away. Vrijenhoek and his team were addressing this question by comparing the DNA of animals at hydrothermal vents in different parts of the Pacific Ocean.
During one Alvin dive, marine biologist Michel Segonzac, from Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (IFREMER) in France, noticed an unusually large (15-cm-long) crab with hairy arms lurking on the seafloor. Segonzac asked the Alvin pilots to collect this crab and bring it back to the surface.
The researchers saw more of these unusual crabs during subsequent Alvin dives. Most of the crabs were living at depths of about 2,200 meters (7,200 feet) on recent lava flows and areas where warm water was seeping out of the sea floor. According MBARI biologist Joe Jones, "Many of the crabs were hiding underneath or behind rocks—all we could see were the tips of their arms sticking out."
After returning to shore, researchers Segonzac and Jones worked with Enrique Macpherson from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) in Spain to identify the crab they had collected. They found that the crab was not only a new species (which they named Kiwa hirsuta), but an entirely new family (Kiwaidae). The Yeti crab is a distant relative to the hermit crabs commonly seen lurking in tide pools.


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Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical.
a system for controlling instruments, mechanisms, and devices. In biological control, various manifestations of the body's life processes, with the exception of most voluntary movements, are used as control signals.
Bioelectric potentials generated by various excitable tissues, mechanical and acoustical phenomena accompanying the functioning of the cardiovascular system and respiration, and fluctuations in body temperature are among the processes that can be used for biological control. Systems of bioelectric control are the commonest. In these systems, the biopotentials generated by skeletal muscles, heart, brain, and nerves are amplified and processed, after which they perform the role of commands or control signals. The use of brain biopotentials made it possible to create automatic instruments to signal the onset of oxygen starvation, control the supply of anesthetics and maintain a predetermined level of anesthesia, and control an electroencephalograph in order to identify characteristic changes in the brain.
The devices controlled by the heart biopotentials are the most numerous. For example, electrocardiographic changes characteristic of certain diseases may serve as signals. One group of devices controlled by the heart biopotentials is used for purposes of diagnosis. These devices trigger signaling and recording apparatus in case of disruption of the heart beat, insufficiency of oxygen, and so on. A second group consists of devices used in therapy to trigger a cardiac pacemaker (when the normal rhythm is disrupted or contractions slow abruptly or the heart stops beating), to massage the peripheral blood vessels simultaneously with heart contractions, and to relieve the heart temporarily by means of an artificial heart.
A third important group of devices with bioelectric control is made up of active prostheses controlled by biopotentials of partly amputated, paralyzed, or completely intact muscles. While making his ordinary movements, a person controls an electromechanical or pneumatic device that causes movements in the joints of a paralyzed limb or hinges of a prosthesis. The manufacture of biologically controlled prostheses began in the 1960's not only in the USSR but also in Great Britain and Canada (under Soviet licenses).
Biological control is also used in engineering—for example, in remote-control biomanipulators for work under water or under harmful conditions.
REFERENCESKobrinskii, A. E. [et al.]. "Bioelektricheskaia sistema upravleniia." Dokl. AN SSSR, 1957, vol. 117, no. 1.
Gurfinkel', V. S. "Bioelektricheskoe upravlenie ν meditsine." Vestn. AMN SSSR, 1964, no. 2.
V. S. GURFINKEL'


Article Correctness Is Author's Responsibility: Epilepsy Research Reveals Why Sleep Increases Risk of Sudden Death
The article below may contain offensive and/or incorrect content.
This shows the outline of a head and brainBoth sleep and seizures reduce heart rate, a new study into mortality and epilepsy reveal. Seizures also disrupt the natural regulation of sleep-related changes. This can sometimes prove deadly and increase the risk of sudden death in epilepsy patients.


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The Naval Monument, a memorial to members of the U.S. Exploring Edition lost in 1839 and 1840, was designed by Drayton, an artist of the scientific corps, in the 1840s.
The United States Exploring Expedition of _PHONE_ was created to gain a better understanding of oceanography and science, and to promote international trade. Its findings were the basis of much of American science, and many of the specimens gathered on the expedition formed the collection of the Smithsonian Institution.
The associate officers of the scientific corps designed this monument as a public memorial for the lost members of the expedition, on land donated by the Cemetery. Today, public monuments of this kind are typically seen in public parks, however its presence at Mount Auburn is a reminder that the rural cemetery was the predecessor to the public park and garden movement. The 20-foot white marble obelisk was carved by Struthers & Son, from Philadelphia, and is festooned with roses in relief, a different bloom on each side.
Described in Mount Auburn Illustrated, 1847, as "a lofty cenotaph of pure white marble, ornamented on the four sides with festoons of roses in relieve, and presenting altogether a monument of good proportion, strikingly chaste and simple." It reads:
THE MEMORY OF
LIEUTENANT JOSEPH A. UNDERWOOD,
MIDSHIPMAN WILKES HENRY,
UNITED STATES NAVY
FELL AT THE HANDS OF SAVAGES,
THE CAUSE OF SCIENCE AND PHILANTHROPY,
ONE OF THE FEEJEE GROUP OF ISLANDS,
JULY 24, 1940.
PASSED MIDSHIPMEN REID AND BACON
WERE LOST AT SEA, OFF CAPE HORN
IS ERECTED BY THEIR
OFFICERS AND SCIENTIFIC CORPS,
JAMES W. E. REID,
FREDERICK A. BACON,
UNITED STATES NAVY.


text: Because of their strength, ferocity, imposing mane, and awesome roar, lions were associated with kingship since prehistoric times. As divine guardians against evil, they also symbolized in cosmic myths the place on the horizon where the sun was reborn every day. With the body of a lion and the head of a human, the sphinx symbolically combined the power of the lion with the image of the reigning king. In this magnificent example, the face belongs to Senwosret III of Dynasty 12 whose features are very distinctive (see 26.7.1394). He wears a pleated linen headcloth, called a nemes headdress, which is symbolic of kingship. The nemes is surmounted by a cobra, which represents the goddess Udjo, one of the protectors of the king. The cobra's hood and head were either carved separately or they were repaired in antiquity, for there is an ancient dowel hole drilled into the place where the cobra's upright body would be. While the Egyptians viewed the standing sphinx as a conqueror, the crouching sphinx was a guardian of sacred places. Thus pairs of sphinxes flanked avenues or entrances to important buildings. This sphinx was carved from a single block of beautifully grained anorthosite gneiss from quarries in Nubia. The sculptor has used the pattern in the stone to great effect on the body of the lion and has masked the potentially awkward transition from animal body to human head with the headdress and the stylized pattern representing the lion's mane. Note the difference between the ordered long strands of the mane in front and the short, overlapping tufts on the back of the shoulders. Below the beard a palace facade (serekh) is incised topped by a falcon and the symbol for the sky. Both the king's "Horus name" ("divine of forms") is written into the serekh and his throne name ("shining are the life forces [kas] of Re").For other sphinx statues in the collection, see 08.202.6, 30.8.72, 1972.125.


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Sujata Bhatt – 'A Different History'
In 'Search For My Tongue', another poem by Sujata Bhatt, she talks of the strangeness and difficulty of having two languages, and the fear of losing her "mother tongue", the language she was brought up to speak by her mother. Bhatt was born in India in 1956, moved to the USA in 1968, and now lives in Germany, so she is well aware of how much a change of culture and language can affect people.
'A Different History' is in two linked parts: lines 1-18, then lines 19-29. The first suggests that although life in India is – or should be – free, there is constant pressure to conform to other ways of life; the poet uses the way we should or should not treat books as an example or symbol of this. The gods roam freely, but because trees are sacred it is a sin to ill-treat a book in any way, in order not to disturb or offend Sarasvati or the tree from which the paper comes.
The second part of the poem returns to the idea of a foreign language; all languages, it says, have once been the language of an invader or an oppressor, but despite this there always comes a time when younger and newer generations not only speak the oppressor's language but they actually come to love it.
Some points for classroom discussion:
Are the two parts of the poem really separate, or have they a common theme that links them together? How serious is Bhatt in this poem? Is there any humour in it?
Sujata Bhatt's poem 'Search for My Tongue' can be found on
There is some brief biographical material on these websites:


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A short-cut on putting a Wire Data solution into actionIn our day-to-day practice as relation therapists for cloud services, applications and networks we have learned that putting a Wire Data solution into action is experienced as a challenging, complex task. Most of the time the concerns are related to not having visibility on the complete application chain.
Fortunately, the low hanging fruit when starting with end-to-end performance monitoring is about rationalizing and prioritizing user complaints. Meaning complete visibility on the application chain is not required to get started.
This is because in today's hybrid, software defined infrastructures the by far largest grey area is the combination of security zones and related, different types of WAN connections (Wide Area Network); including the local internet ones and the security layers on top of that.
This allows us to simplify and standardize the solution deployment with 3 easy steps:
- Setting up the data collection part for the front-end
- Modelling the incoming Wire Data
- Validate the configuration and the initial results
1. Is it the end-user device, the network, a cloud service or an application?
2. And if a combination of these, to what extend each and where to start improving things?
Combined, this helps your IT organization in preventing time-consuming conversations about which party (or parties!) to involve when improvements are required like yesterday.
Step 1 - Setting up the data collection partSince this is a Wire Data setup we need access to packets through port mirroring (also known as span ports) and taps (combined with aggregators).
Port mirroring is something that is configured on a network device and is about copying packets to a specific port on that network device.
A tap is about connecting a device in-line between 2 network devices. This device then copies all incoming data to one of the 2 outgoing ports.
As a rule of thumb we recommend the following:
- Taps are used for collecting data between 2 network devices like for example routers, switches, load balancers and firewalls.
- Port-spanning/port-mirroring is used for data collection about the hosts connected to a network device and hosts running on a hypervisor.
Typical use cases for port mirroring are monitoring the user experience in offices as well as monitoring the performance between to or more virtual machines.
More information on the pro's and con's about taps and port-spanning/port-mirroring is found here and here.
Once this stage is completed, the monitoring solution is connected and the data collection starts; moving forward to modelling the incoming Wire Data.
Step 2 - Modelling Wire DataModelling Wire Data is all about translating the raw data into easy-to-understand dashboards and reports. Assigning data to groups representing applications, locations and hosts already covers 80% of the configuration work for improving problem resolution times. This is because:
- Each location group represents a certain group of end-user devices.
- Each host group represents a certain group of systems related to a security zone in a data center.
- Each application group represents a certain group of systems and/or cloud services belonging to a certain application chain.
The remaining 20% is related to making a jump start on the plan-do-check-act cycle for embedding this improved troubleshooting workflow in your current processes.
We recommend starting with 3 reports as common ground for making his happen:
- A daily report covering dayand night-time (i.e. from 7 AM to 7 PM and from 7 PM to 7 AM).
- A weekly report covering from Monday to Monday; both at 7 AM.
- A monthly report covering 1st day of the month to 1st day of the month; again, both at 7 AM.
The combination of 3 group types and 3 reports allow your teams to make significant improvements on reducing problem resolution times.
Step 3 - Validate the configuration and the initial resultsOnce the Wire Data is modeled, we run a quick health-check of the monitoring system to make sure everything is working as expected:
- The utilization of the data capture interfaces.
- The amount of packet drops (if any).
- The CPU, memory and disk utilization of the monitoring solution.
Where to go from hereThis completes our best practice about a jump start on end-to-end performance monitoring. Unless agreed otherwise, the approach outlined in the previous 3 steps is the core of our offerings called Health-check and Visibility-as-a-Service.
Use this form to get your copy of the report examples and a one-pager guiding you in the interpretation. Please note that depending on your browser and its settings a new window is opened.
If you need more technical details on how we do this then we recommend having a look at part 1 from of a case studie about a Health-check on Citrix/SAP.


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Country of Origin: United States of America
Approximate: 2 ft. 6 in. diameter x 2 ft. 6 in. tall, 92 lb. (76.2 x 76.2cm, 41.7kg)
Metal shell, solar cells, electronics
Full-scale replica of the Explorer VII spacecraft. The satellite was launched on October 13, 1959 atop a Juno II vehicle and successfully went into orbit. The spacecraft carried an array of instruments designed to study a broad range of radiation from the sun including X-rays, the intensity of cosmic rays and the field of charged particles in the ionosphere as well as micrometeorite impacts. It provided data from its instruments for 13 months, during the course of which it sent back readings acquired during a major solar flare. The object was transferred to the Smithsonian Institution by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in August 1972 and was restored in 2005.
Transferred from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration


The Bureaucracy of Terrorism
Großartiger Artikel von Jacob N. Shapiro und offensichtlich ein Auszug aus seinem Buch The Terrorist's Dilemma: Managing Violent Covert Organizations. Geht um Management-Strategien von Terroristen und die Bürokratie, die dabei entsteht. Das Buch hab' ich mir grade auf mein Kindle geladen, macht sich sehr gut in Kombination mit Jon Rohnsons Radikal: Abenteuer mit Extremisten, das seit ein paar Jahren in meinem Regal steht.
Such bureaucracy makes terrorists vulnerable to their enemies. But terrorists do it anyway. In part, that is because large-scale terror plots and extended terror campaigns require so much coordination that they cannot be carried out without detailed communication among the relevant actors and written records to help leaders track what is going on. Gerry Bradley, a former terrorist with the Provisional Irish Republican Army, for example, describes in his memoir how he required his subordinates in Belfast in 1973 to provide daily reports on their proposed operations so that he could ensure that the activities of subunits did not conflict. Several leaders of the Kenyan Mau Mau insurgency report that, as their movement grew in the early 1950s, they needed to start maintaining written accounting records and fighter registries to monitor their finances and personnel.
The Business Habits of Highly Effective Terrorists – Why Terror Masterminds Rely on Micro-Management (via Boing Boing)


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Continuing professional development | Learning for DSLs | Birmingham City Council
Coronavirus (COVID-19):
Continuing professional development
The documents below provide an overview of the subject area.
Here you may find presentations from past conferences and briefings (pre 2019-2020 academic year) grouped under key topics from 'Keeping children safe in education': statutory guidance for schools and colleges.
The descriptors provide an example of what may be included within each topic.
Please also visit the 'DSL Toolbox' page for additional tools to aid you as you support children in your setting.
Abuse - including domestic abuse, faith abuse and relationship abuse
Bullying - including cyberbullying
Children and the courts - including witnesses in criminal courts
Children missing education, home or care - including adults missing strategy
Children with family members in prison
Child Exploitation - including county lines, child sexual exploitation and trafficking
Drugs - including alcohol
'Honour Based Violence' (so called) - including female genital mutilation and forced marriage
Health and Wellbeing - including fabricated or induced illness, resilience, medical conditions, mental health and behaviour
Online safety - including sexting
Private fostering
Radicalisation - including prevent and educate against hate
Violence - including gangs and youth violence, violence against women and girls, sexual violence and sexual harassment
Other areas
The following information does not fit neatly under a single topic listed above.
Contextual safeguarding
Financial abuse: Illegal money lending
Peer on peer


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History of Woolsthorpe
Woolsthorpe is a hamlet within the Parish of Colsterworth. The definite beginnings of it are long gone, lost in the mists of time, but two good reasons for choosing the site remain: a sheltered valley and a good water supply.
The name of Woolsthorpe is taken from Ulestanestorp, meaning outlying farmstead or hamlet belonging to a man named Wulfstan, Wulf or Ulf. The name is a mixture of an old English personal name plus the old Scandinavian thorpe meaning settlement.
In 1086 the Domesday Book treated Woolsthorpe as part of Colsterworth, but as belonging to the Archbishop of York, Aeldred, who was a Saxon. It was recorded that Woolsthorpe had 4 Sokemen, 4 Villeins and 2 teams of 8 oxen.
By the 13th century Woolsthorpe was a separate manor known as Mortimer's Manor. It passed down through the ages belonging to various families of note the Sleafords, the Pigotts, the Thimelbys, the Burys and the Underwoods, who in 1623 sold it to Robert Newton, Grandfather of Sir Isaac Newton. It was the Newton familys second property in Woolsthorpe and Robert then settled it on his son Isaac as a wedding dowry in 1639. Isaac married Hannah Ayscough in April1642. With the manor went the title Lord of the Manor, also possibly the ancient rites of Court Manor and Court Leet, together with most of the property, workers and land within the hamlet.
The Newtons were sheep farmers but sadly Isaac died in October 1642 aged only 36yrs. Their son was born prematurely on 25th December 1642 (Julian Calendar); he was small and sickly and not expected to survive; he was named Isaac after his father. He spent his childhood growing up at Woolsthorpe Manor, being brought up mainly by his maternal grand mother. His mother re-married and went to live at North Witham with her second husband, Rev Barnabas Smith. At the age of 12years Isaac attended the Kings School in Grantham and later went on to Trinity College Cambridge. He spent 18 months back at Woolsthorpe to escape the Plague, during which time he did his most important scientific work: he formulated his Law of Gravitation apparently, according to Isaac, whilst watching apples fall in the orchard at Woolsthorpe; he wrote Calculus and split white light to produce the spectrum.
When Isaac died in 1727 the Manor and land at Woolsthorpe passed to his nearest male heir, John Newton, his uncle Robert's great grandson. The estate was sold again in 1732 to the Turnor family of Stoke Rochford, who leased the Manor to a tenant farmer called Woolerton. This family remained at the manor for the next 200 years. In 1942 the Manor was acquired by the Pilgrim Trust and the Royal Society who then presented it to the National Trust to be preserved for the nation. The National Trust still own the Manor and usually welcome approximately 20,000 visitors annually. A descendant of the famous Apple Tree can still be seen growing in the orchard.
The older part of the Woolsthorpe hamlet consists of mellow limestone dwellings with red pantile roofs, set in small groups along narrow winding lanes, interspersed with dry stone walls. Most of the green spaces have been filled in with new buildings of red brick or stone. Many of the older properties disappeared during the 1920s and 1930s when the rural tranquillity of Woolsthorpe was interrupted by the introduction of open cast iron ore mining around the hamlet. The first area to be mined by Frodingham Iron and Steel Co Ltd was off old Post Lane, known locally as the Beauclos the origin of the word in French means Good Fields! In 1932 Number Two Extension Pit was opened up and followed the line of the Water Lane valley, westwards. Quite a few houses and rights of way were lost to this development one being the footpath called Merrycock Hill which led up from Water Lane to a group of houses and two windmills.
During the ore mining many Roman remains were unearthed, proving people have lived around this area over many centuries. In 1941 a new quarry to the north of Woolsthorpe was opened the North Pit and mining in the area continued for a further 30 years. The company went through several name changes: Frodinghams became Appleby-Frodinghams, then United Steel Companies and later British Steel Corporation. After the iron ore mining finished in the early 1970s a tyre company Vaculug took over the yard and buildings on the site between the two settlements of Woolsthorpe and Colsterworth. They have since gone and at present it is proposed to create a housing estate on this site.
Old Post Lane used to be sprinkled with cottages which are now longer to be seen. Post Lane is so called possibly as stage coaches carrying the post (mail) alternated their routes between this lane and the Great North Road to confuse highwaymen such as Dick Turpin, or it may be a reference to early post windmills being built on the hill along Water Lane referred to by Isaac Newton.
Further up the hill from Post Lane is the Woolsthorpe cemetery which was consecrated in 1886, being half for the use of Members of the Church of England, and half for persons not belonging to the Church of England, in a field belonging to Brownes Hospital on the west side of an antient road called Post Lane, situated between Woolsthorpe and Colsterworth, according to John Mirehouse, Rector of Colsterworth, in his book of the Parish dated 1902.
One of the oldest buildings in the hamlet is Chapel House now a private dwelling at 22 Newton Way. In the 13th century it was recorded as being the Chapel of Ease to William Mortimer's Manor, where locals, who could not get to church, could worship. Also travellers could stay over night, rather like the monasteries. The chapel was surrounded by a grave yard and this was cleared and lowered to make a garden, the road and stack yard, by cartloads of human bones being taken away, around 1800 when the chapel was converted into a dwelling. Although it has recently been extended the original chancel arch is still visible in the east end of the building.
Hospital Farm on Newton Way is now a private house but was originally a working farm with 14 acres of land and belonging to Brownes Hospital of Broad Street Stamford.
For many centuries the pond formed the centre of the hamlet. It was divided into three sections and edged by red bricks possibly made in the brick works at Dunkirk. The first section was shallow and horses which had been working on the land could walk in to clean their feet; the next section was deeper and the horses were encouraged to drink from this; the third section was covered in and accessed by three stone steps and wooden doors, which were opened to reveal a pool of water to dip your bucket in to collect drinking water. The pond has long since been filled in but you can still see the red brick edging. The rat catcher's cottage stood to the side of the pond, and was already a ruin in the early 1900s.
It is thought that the row of cottages now 29, 31, 33 Newton Way could have been outbuildings to the Manor, as when alterations were carried out at 33 bits of wheat and barley ears were found within the roof space. Also if you look carefully in the wall of this cottage you can see where the post box was originally sited it is now on Woolsthorpe road, opposite the telephone box.
Along from this ancient row of cottages is an area of grass called the Pinfold. It belonged to the Lord of the Manor and here any traveller could pen his animals for one night only without charge.
At one time in the field to the side of the Manor was the Dower House the only traces that remain are lots of uneven humps. On J C Barrow's sketch of 1797 the dower house is shown and the field is referred to as Newtons Close, now called Beesons. A row of cottages on Woolsthorpe Road used to be called Beesons Row but are now numbered along with Woolsthorpe Road. They were just at the place where the railway line cut across Woolsthorpe Road from the sidings in the North Pit two modern houses have now been built on this piece of land.
In the 1900s there were two shops in Woolsthorpe, run by Mrs Burton and Mrs Simms. Burton's shop was in the house now known as 47 Newton Way and Mrs Simms ran her grocery store from Spring House, whilst her husband, George, had a bakery business. Later on the community was served for many years by Chad's Shop, a large general grocery store run by Mr and Mrs Len Chadwick from their house on Woolsthorpe Road.
Woolsthorpe used to have its own Inn the Sir Isaac Newton which was kept for many years by the Reed family. It was situated on the corner of Reads Lane and Woolsthorpe Road and closed sometime during the late 1950s. On the building is a stone tablet WET 1803 which suggests it was built or altered by a member of the Turnor family.


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Sorting optimization for Sawmill stock
On the beginning of production you have sawlogs. On the other end you have timber in several sizes.
When sawmill usually buy sawlogs it has to sort it in some boxes prior to sawing. Number of boxes can be different from sawmill to sawmill. (Of course some technologies allow skip sorting).
So. Let's imagine that you are already sorting logs in some ways, for example with diameter step of 10mm. Then I give you these questions:
1. Is this sorting optimal?
2. For particular timber size... from which box You take sawlog to achieve optimum yield?
Sorting Optimization" module give you answers for this questions.
So, base on:
- real production (timber sizes)
- input sizes of logs
You can answer on questions:
- how should I sort logs optimally, if I need for example 12 boxes?
- I need to produce board with sizes 22x50.... from which box I have to take sawlogs?
As a result you will have:
for defined number of boxes you obtain suggested sorting of logs (4 optimization methods). Of course you can modify sorting as you wish. You can split adjacent boxes, join them or move borders between them.
Then for each timber size you obtain recommended boxes (numbered by priority).
So, you get for example results:
Box1: sawlog diameter from 100 to 102mm
Box2: sawlog diameter from 103 to 110mm
And then:
For timber 20x40 is the best to take sawlogs from box #3, then from box #2 etc.etc.


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Weighing Approaches to Finish the Task
Christians have been reflecting on best practices for as long as they have been engaging in missions. Practitioners have developed diverse strategies to promote the spread of the Gospel-such as indigenous church planting, disciple-making movements, community development, dynamically equivalent Bible translations, and chronological Bible storytelling. These models began as creative analyses of the mission endeavor, in light of the current cultural context. As that context shifts, it is also important to critically re-examine these models.
Advancing Models of Mission reflects on the missionaries and models of the past and reconsiders current models, all with the aim of looking toward the future of evangelical mission. This compendium of thirteen essays tackles such timely and difficult questions as:
- How does globalization challenge the 10/40 window model?
- How does hybridity and diaspora change the way we think about people groups and identity formation?
- How does the colonial history in Africa affect believers' connection with global evangelism?
Readers can learn about the contexts of the past that shaped our current missiological models while listening to diverse voices describe how those models are experienced considering our changing realities. Through honest analysis of the past few centuries of missionary movement, Advancing Models of Mission provides hope for the future.


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Interactive data visualizations of antibiotic use and resistance in North America and Europe
The feasibility of eliminating malaria differs among countries because of differences in the technical challenges, measured in terms of malaria endemicity and importation rate, and operational capabilities, measured in terms of government stability and effectiveness, quality and development of health systems, and factors associated with the population at risk. The forty circles graphically represent a relative ranking of operational feasibility for eliminating P. falciparum malaria. Drawn from a sample of 84 countries where malaria is endemic, the larger circles correspond to the 20 countries with the highest rank – meaning elimination would be most operationally feasible – and the smaller circles to the bottom 20 countries, where elimination would be least operationally feasible. Overall, elimination was judged to be most feasible in the Americas and least feasible in Africa.
Source: Tatem, Andrew J., Smith, David L., Gething, Peter W., et al. 2010. Ranking of elimination feasibility between malaria-endemic countries. The Lancet. 376(9752): _PHONE_.


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Tips for the User
Using the Table of Contents
Following the Site from One Page to the Next
Finding Your Way with Breadcrumbs
At the very top of each page you will find one or more links that serve as "breadcrumbs." An example is "Lessons from the Bay : Project Action Guide : Part 3: Projects : Building an Outdoor...." Use the breadcrumbs—like Hansel and Gretel—to find your way back out. You can click a breadcrumb link to be taken back to a particular location in the site, rather than clicking the browser's "Back" button.
For an illustration of the organization of the Lessons from the Bay website, see the site map.
Printing Lessons from the Bay
Viewing the Watershed Gallery
Please send all questions and comments about Lessons from the Bay to:
Eric M. Rhoades, Science Specialist
Office of Secondary Instructional Services
Virginia Department of Education


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George O'Connor, Journey into Mohawk Country
Sometimes while doing research for Journey into Mohawk Country I was frustrated to find that there was simply no information that existed on a topic. A case in point was the subject of Mohawk armor.
In the journals of Harmen van den Bogaert that serve as the text for Mohawk Country, there is a major episode where the three Dutch explorers are witness to a mock battle between two groups of the Mohawk, some of whom wear the aforementioned armor. This armor, made of woven twigs and cords, was discarded by the Iroquois as a group soon after their initial encounters with Europeans (as it was unfortunately not bulletproof) and, to the best of my knowledge, no examples survive.
Furthermore, no picture or drawing of Mohawk armor exists, only a few written descriptions. The closest I could find to a depiction of Mohawk armor were two rather poorly drawn early seventeenth century woodcuts of Huron armor (my sketch of one of them accompanies this text). The Huron were the Mohawk's neighbors (and longtime enemies) to the north, and shared many similar customs, as well as a similar language. Lacking any other source to go on, I drew the Mohawk warriors wearing Huronesque armor. Maybe it's close to what they actually wore, maybe it's not. It goes to show how quickly things changed for the Native Americans after first contact. No one thought to record what their armor looked like and then it was gone forever.


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SCIENCE & TECH / ENVIRONMENT
Topic: General Studies 3:
- Science and Technologydevelopments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
- Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation
Technology and Conservation: Elephants counted from Space
Context: Scientists are using very high-resolution satellite imagery to count and detect wildlife species, including African elephants.
A team of researchers from the University of Oxford Wildlife Conservation Research Unit and Machine Learning Research Group detected elephants in South Africa from space using Artificial Intelligence with an accuracy that they have compared to human detection capabilities.
So, how did scientists track the elephants?
- Earlier Methodology relied on manned aircrafts: Before researchers developed the new technique, one of the most common survey methods to keep a check on elephant populations in savannah environments involved aerial counts undertaken from manned aircraft.
- Limitations of earlier method: However, this method does not deliver accurate results since observers on aircraft are prone to get exhausted, are sometimes hindered by poor visibility and may even succumb to bias. Further, aerial surveys are costly and logistically challenging.
- Satellites Imagery Utilized: To test the new method, researchers chose the Addo Elephant National Park in South Africa, which has a high concentration of elephants. Researchers used the highest resolution satellite imagery currently available, called Worldview3.
- Leveraging Artificial Intelligence Technology: At first, the satellite images appear to be of grey blobs in a forest of green splotches – but, on closer inspection, those blobs are revealed as elephants wandering through the trees. And all the laborious elephant counting is done via machine learning – a computer algorithm trained to identify elephants in a variety of backdrops.
Significance of using Satellite & AI Technology in counting Elephants
- Accurate Count improves Conservation: In order to conserve the species, it is important for scientists to track elephant populations. This is because inaccurate counts can lead to misallocation of conservation resources, which are already limited and have resulted in misunderstanding population trends.
- Helps arrest Declining Population: The population of African elephants has plummeted over the last century due to poaching, retaliatory killing from crop-raiding and habitat fragmentation. The scientists say better counting & monitoring could be used in anti-poaching work.
- Useful in International borders: This approach of using satellites and AI could vastly improve the monitoring of threatened elephant populations in habitats that span international borders, where it can be difficult to obtain permission for aircraft surveys.
- Cost effective: Scientists used satellite imagery that required no ground presence to monitor the elephants. The breakthrough could allow up to 5,000 sq km of elephant habitat to be surveyed on a single cloud-free day.
- Suited in Pandemic Situation: Also since these images are captured from space, there is no need for anyone on the ground, which is particularly helpful during these times of coronavirus
Did You Know?
- But, this is not the first study of its kind to initiate tracking of elephants using satellites. In 2002, Smithsonian scientists started using geographic information systems (GIS) technology to understand how they could conserve Asian elephants.
- At the time, scientists launched the first satellite-tracking project on Asian elephants in Myanmar.


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Project: Medical Devices
Categories: Imaging - Medical
Manager: Dr Abigail Watts
Intelligent Adaptive X-ray Imaging System
Available For: Licensing and co-development
Professor Robert Speller and his team at University College London (UCL) have developed a new X-ray imaging system that adapts to the imaging task according to the diagnostic features within the image, resulting in optimum diagnostic information. Adaptive imaging enables optimisation of the recorded information at the same time as minimising the radiation dose or duration of examination.
The Technology and its Advantages
Adaptive systems that control the X-ray source output, such as automatic exposure control in planar imaging and CT, optimize how a detector receives exposure of the radiation so as to ensure that the detector receives an exposure within its operating dynamic range. The detector may be optimally exposed but the object may not be. The results in the problems of excess exposure to radiation, increased duration of examination or reduced signal-to-noise in the image.
As part of an international consortium, inventors at University College London have designed an intelligent imaging system which addresses these issues. The image from the radiated object is firstly analysed in order to assess its diagnostic quality, and subsequently the exposure conditions are adapted accordingly in real-time. This new system will revolutionise the way in which X-ray image information is collected and processed because of the ability to respond to changing conditions during image recording and hence optimise their performance in real time. The region of high information content within the subject is investigated most closely whilst the remaining regions of low interest are recorded with the minimum amount of radiation. The result is that maximum information collected with the minimum penalty – the ideal imaging system.
-Optimum diagnostic information is recorded in a single pass of the object
-Optimises image recording therefore producing a superior image
-Minimises radiation dose or duration of examination
-Other medical imaging e.g. encephalography
Intellectual Property Status
A US patent has been granted on this novel technology. Claims cover the method and arrangement of the system which enables the subject of the x-ray imaging system to be so exposed, as to provide improved diagnostic information.
Please contact Dr Chris Williams, UCL Business PLC, T: +44 (0)20 7679 9000 E: _EMAIL_
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SMTP error – troubleshooting tips and solutions
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) which works in conjunction with POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is responsible for sending emails. You will typically encounter an SMTP error through email clients such as Outlook Express, Windows Mail, Windows Live Mail, Outlook, Thunderbird etc. When such email programs are not able to send an email you have composed, they display an SMTP error.
There can be very many causes for the SMTP error you receive and on this page I shall tell you about some of the common ones. This is written primarily for beginners and intermediate level users to help them troubleshoot SMTP problems.
Sending email error – SMTP
As mentioned, you'll come across SMTP errors only during the process of sending emails. During the process of setup and configuration of an email account in an email client using Post Office Protocol (POP), you will be asked to provide the settings which would include the incoming (POP) server and outgoing (SMTP) server details.
Outgoing email server address is incorrect
An SMTP error is generated when the outgoing server address is not correct. I suggest you contact the email service for this information and while you are at it, also get the outgoing port number (see below). You can generally find the details of how to configure a new email address in an email client from the company's web site.
Please read how to change the outgoing mail server for instructions.
The SMTP post used is disabled or not allowed
This is probably the most common cause of an SMTP error. The port specified by your email service is disallowed by the ISP – the company that provides you the internet connection. Typically, port 25 and 26 are disabled by ISPs because of the fear of being abused for spamming purposes. You can generally get around this problem by contacting the Internet Service Provider and asking them for the allowed SMTP outgoing address (yes, this too may change) and the port number. Additionally, you may also need to use a different set of login for it (see below).
SMTP server requires authentication – ISP
As mentioned above, ISPs may disallow certain SMTP ports – 25 and 26. If this is indeed the case for the SMTP error you get, contact the service provider and ask them for the permitted port AND the alternate SMTP address. These new SMTP settings may also require you to log in using a different username and password set – typically, the same of your internet connection. However, always make sure that this is indeed the case.
The outgoing email server address has different username and password than the incoming POP server
On the other hand, the email service (if it's not the same as the ISP) would require you to use an SMTP login that is different from the incoming POP server. However, this is rare but I have come across it once in my life.
SMTP server uses secure password authentication
Outgoing address, login, port - all are correct and you still get an SMTP error? Ensure you haven't accidently missed out on checking the secure password authentication option. You can find it under the email account properties in the email client you use.
Recipient's email address is not correct
An SMTP error is also generated if the recipient's email address is not correct and in such cases the email bounces back and is returned to you. How can the email be sent if it does not know where to go, right? Double check the email address to which you are sending the message. There are several reasons why an email can be rejected and I suggest you click on the above link for more details.
Fragile or no internet connection
Lastly, fragile or no internet connection can also lead to SMTP errors. Try opening a web site in browser to confirm if you have an active connection.
Comments, questions, feedback... whatever!
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Tower Windows & Doors excels in window customization. Choose from an extensive range of screens, grilles and hardware to uniquely define your windows.
A casement window is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more of its hinges. A traditional casement window is hinged on its side, but there are various types of casement windows, including awnings (hinged at the top), hoppers (hinged at the bottom), bays and bows (often fixed).
- An operating casement window is opened with a crank operator, handle or lever.
- They are ideal for hard to open reaches, such as placement over a kitchen sink, where something like a double hung window might be difficult to access.
- A casement window's sash opens fully, which in turn provides maximum ventilation and ease of cleaning the interior and exterior panes.
- An operating casement's sash also forms an airtight seal upon closing, which makes it the second most energy efficient window following a fixed window.
- Different styles of casement windows include French, arch top, and push-out. Ask our architectural consultants for more detail on the array of options.