umscribed by the iterators: begin <= elements < end.
Using iterators instead of containers is useful because it allows to operate on parts of a container instead of on the whole.
Another distinguishing feature of C++ is the possibility of partial specialization for class templates. This is somewhat related to pattern matching on arguments in Haskell and other functional languages. For example, let's consider a class that stores elements:
template
class Store { … }; // (1)
This works for any element type. But let's say that we can store pointers more effciently than other types by applying some special trick. We can do this by partially specializing for all pointer types:
template
class Store { … }; // (2)
Now, whenever we instance a container template for one type, the appropriate definition is used:
Store x; // Uses (1)
Store y; // Uses (2)
Store z; // Uses (2), with T = string*.
I've sometimes wished the generics feature in.net could allow things besides types to be used as keys. If value-type arrays were a part of the Framework (I'm surprised they're not, in a way, given the need to interact with older APIs that embed fixed-sized arrays within structures), it would be useful to declare a class which contained a few individual items and then a value-type array whose size was a generic parameter. As it is, the closest one can come is to have a class object which holds the individual items and then also holds a reference to a separate object holding the array. – supercat Jan 6 '13 at 18:20
_USER_ If you interact with legacy API the idea is to use marshalling (which can be annotated via attributes). The CLR doesn't have fixed-size arrays anyway so having non-type template arguments would be of no help here. – Konrad Rudolph Jan 6 '13 at 19:27
I guess what I find puzzling is that it would seem like having fixed-sized value-type arrays shouldn't have been hard, and it would have allowed many data types to be marshalled by reference rather than by value. While marshal-by-value can be useful in cases that genuinely can't be handled any other way, I would regard marshal-by-ref to be superior in nearly all cases where it's usable, so allowing such cases to include structs with fixed-sized arrays would have seemed a useful feature. – supercat Jan 6 '13 at 20:35
BTW, another situation where non-type generic parameters would be useful would be with data types that represent dimensioned quantities. One could include dimensional information within instances that represent quantities, but having such information within a type would allow one to specify that a collection is supposed to hold objects representing a particular dimensioned unit. – supercat Jan 6 '13 at 20:39
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Anders Hejlsberg himself described the differences here "Generics in C#, Java, and C++".
i really like that interview. it makes it clear for non-c# guys like me what's going on with c# generics. – Johannes Schaub - litb Apr 12 '09 at 1:38
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There are already a lot of good answers on what the differences are, so let me give a slightly different perspective and add the why.
As was already explained, the main difference is type erasure, i.e. the fact that the Java compiler erases the generic types and they don't end up in the generated bytecode. However, the question is: why would anyone do that? It doesn't make sense! Or does it?
Well, what's the alternative? If you don't implement generics in the language, where do you implement them? And the answer is: in the Virtual Machine. Which breaks backwards compatibility.
Type erasure, on the other hand, allows you to mix generic clients with non-generic libraries. In other words: code that was compiled on Java 5 can still be deployed to Java 1.4.
Microsoft, however, decided to break backwards compatibility for generics. That's why.NET Generics are "better" than Java Generics.
Of course, Sun aren't idiots or cowards. The reason why they "chickened out", was that Java was significantly older and more widespread than.NET when they introduced generics. (They were introduced roughly at the same time in both worlds.) Breaking backwards compatibility would have been a huge pain.
Put yet another way: in Java, Generics are a part of the Language (which means they apply only to Java, not to other languages), in.NET they are part of the Virtual Machine (which means they apply to all languages, not just C# and Visual Basic.NET).
Compare this with.NET features like LINQ, lambda expressions, local variable type inference, anonymous types and expression trees: these are all language features. That's why there are subtle differences between VB.NET and C#: if those features were part of the VM, they would be the same in all languages. But the CLR hasn't changed: it's still the same in.NET 3.5 SP1 as it was in.NET 2.0. You can compile a C# program that uses LINQ with the.NET 3.5 compiler and still run it on.NET 2.0, provided that you don't use any.NET 3.5 libraries. That would not work with generics and.NET 1.1, but it would work with Java and Java 1.4.
LINQ is primarily a library feature (though C# and VB also added syntax sugar alongside it). Any language that targets the 2.0 CLR can gain full use of LINQ simply by loading the System.Core assembly. – Richard Berg Jul 30 '09 at 20:53
Yeah, sorry, I should have been more clear wrt. LINQ. I was referring to the query syntax, not the monadic standard query operators, the LINQ extension methods or the IQueryable interface. Obviously, you can use those from any.NET language. – Jörg W Mittag Jul 30 '09 at 21:26
I am thinking another option for Java. Even Oracle do not want to break backward compatibility, they can still make some compiler trick to avoid type information being erased. For example, ArrayList can be emitted as a new internally named type with a (hidden) static Class field. As long as the new version of generic lib has been deployed with the 1.5+ byte code, it will be able to run on 1.4- JVMs. – Earth Engine Oct 12 '12 at 0:14
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Follow-up to my previous posting.
Templates are one of the main reasons why C++ fails so abysmally at intellisense, regardless of the IDE used. Because of template specialization, the IDE can never be really sure if a given member exists or not. Consider:
template
struct X {
 void foo() { }
template <>
struct X { };
typedef int my_int_type;
X a;
Now, the cursor is at the indicated position and it's damn hard for the IDE to say at that point if, and what, members a has. For other languages the parsing would be straightforward but for C++, quite a bit of evaluation is needed beforehand.
It gets worse. What if my_int_type were defined inside a class template as well? Now its type would depend on another type argument. And here, even compilers fail.
template
struct Y {
 typedef T my_type;
X::my_type> b;
After a bit of thinking, a programmer would conclude that this code is the same as the above: Y::my_type resolves to int, therefore b should be the same type as a, right?
Wrong. At the point where the compiler tries to resolve this statement, it doesn't actually know Y::my_type yet! Therefore, it doesn't know that this is a type. It could be something else, e.g. a member function or a field. This might give rise to ambiguities (though not in the present case), therefore the compiler fails. We have to tell it explicitly that we refer to a type name:
X::my_type> b;
Now, the code compiles. To see how ambiguities arise from this situation, consider the following code:
This code statement is perfectly valid and tells C++ to execute the function call to Y::my_type. However, if my_type is not a function but rather a type, this statement would still be valid and perform a special cast (the function-style cast) which is often a constructor invocation. The compiler can't tell which we mean so we have to disambiguate here.
I quite agree. There is some hope, though. The autocompletion system and the C++ compiler must interact very closely. I am pretty sure Visual Studio will never have such a feature, but things could happen in Eclipse/CDT or some other IDE based on GCC. HOPE! :) – Benoît Feb 19 '09 at 10:48
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Both Java and C# introduced generics after their first language release. However, there are differences in how the core libraries changed when generics was introduced. C#'s generics are not just compiler magic and so it was not possible to generify existing library classes without breaking backwards compatibility.
For example, in Java the existing Collections Framework was completely genericised. Java does not have both a generic and legacy non-generic version


package UDDI::HalfDecent::ResultSet; use strict; use warnings; use UDDI::HalfDecent::Record; ### At present, this class only represents sets of businesses. When # we implement more methods, it will need generalising to represent # sets of other kinds of record. =head1 NAME UDDI::HalfDecent::ResultSet - a set of results from a UDDI query =head1 SYNOPSIS $rs = $uddi->find_business(name => 'frog'); $n = $rs->count(); foreach $i (0.. $n-1) { $bi = $rs->record($i); } =head1 DESCRIPTION This is a container class which allows access to the multiple records found by various interrogation methods on a UDDI object. Depending on what method gave rise to the result-set it will contain different kinds of objects, e.g. C will yield a result-set of Business objects. In a parallel universe, there are ResultSet subclasses corresponding to each of the possible contained object types, but that's not how we do things here. =head1 METHODS =head2 new() $uddi = new UDDI::HalfDecent::ResultSet($uddi, $xpc, $node, $class); Creates and returns a new UDDI result-set object representing the result of a search. Note that B: it is invoked by the UDDI library itself, in methods such as C. This constructor takes four arguments: C<$uddi> is the UDDI object for which it is created, and which will be used for logging, etc; C<$xpc> is an XPath content with all relevant namespaces registered; and C<$node> is the context node of the list-containing element, which in general will be different from the context-node registered as part of the XPath context. (If you didn't understand that last bit, don't worry about it -- you won't be calling this constructor yourself, remember?) C<$class> is the class to which the individual result records must belong. =cut # Actually, I don't think we need this. # _TAG_ %_class2xpath = ( # business => "uddi:businessInfos/uddi:businessInfo" # service => "uddi:serviceInfos/uddi:serviceInfo" # binding => "uddi:bindingTemplate", # tmodel => "uddi:tModelInfos/uddi:tModelInfo" #); sub new { my $class = shift(); my($uddi, $xpc, $node, $recclass) = _USER_; my $this = bless { uddi => $uddi, xpc => $xpc, node => $node, recclass => $recclass, count => undef, dom => [], # The raw DOM nodes records => [], # Corresponding wrapped objects }, $class; my $xpath; if ($recclass eq "binding") { $xpath = "uddi:bindingTemplate"; } else { $xpath = "uddi:${recclass}Infos/uddi:${recclass}Info"; } $this->{dom} = $xpc->findnodes($xpath, $node); $this->{count} = @{ $this->{dom} }; return $this; } =head2 count() $n = $rs->count(); Returns the number of records in the result-set, e.g. the number of businesses found by a C call. =cut sub count { my $this = shift(); return $this->{count}; } =head2 record() foreach $i (0.. $n-1) { $bi = $rs->record($i); } Returns a single record from the result-set, indexed from zero. =cut sub record { my $this = shift(); my($index) = _USER_; my $count = $this->count(); UDDI::HalfDecent::oops(error => "out of range", detail => "record $index not in 0..$count") if $index < 0 || $index >= $count; my $rec = $this->{records}->[$index]; if (!defined $rec) { my $dom = $this->{dom}->[$index]; UDDI::HalfDecent::oops(error => "no DOM", detail => "record $index in 0..$count") if!defined $dom; $rec = $this->{records}->[$index] = new UDDI::HalfDecent::Record($this, $dom); } return $rec; } =head1 SEE ALSO C is the module that uses this. See also its SEE ALSOs. =head1 AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE As for C. =cut 1;


text:
Healthcare Quality Professional Certificate
About the course
The healthcare industry is under intense pressure to deliver high-quality care within fiscally responsible budgets. Bryant's Healthcare Quality Process Improvement Certificate is designed to facilitate the transformation of healthcare by learning and applying tools and techniques to improve, measure and manage quality. Our skills-based program focuses on key concepts, language, and analytical tools essential for effective management and decision making. It offers three areas of focus to address the critical deficiencies within the healthcare delivery system model: Quality in Healthcare, Reengineering in Healthcare, Project Management in Healthcare.
Who should attend
- Healthcare professionals or business/practice managers
- Healthcare consultants
- Hospital administrators
- Healthcare process improvement team members
- Create plans to produce positive improvement results
- Identify areas to reduce medical errors
- Discussion of relevant healthcare examples and case studies
Please note that instructors are subject to change and not all instructors teach in each session of the program.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Systems engineering is essential in delivering products which meet requirements and production timescales, provide a satisfying user experience, and are manufacturable, maintainable and profitable.
Sagentia has the depth and breadth of understanding to integrate engineering disciplines with science and technology teams, providing unrivalled system design capabilities, balancing complexity, performance, cost, time-to-market, usability and other product requirements.
All product developments begin with a rigorous requirements capture process. Requirements typically include, but are not limited to:
- Functional requirements – what is the essential function of the product?
- Monitoring requirements – what parameters must the product monitor?
- Safety requirements – what safety measures must be implemented?
- Usability requirements – how do people interact with the product?
- Legislative requirements – to which standards must the product comply?
- Manufacturing requirements – where/how will the product be made?
- Testability requirements – how will the system be tested?
- Business requirements – eg how much must the product cost?
With requirements in place, the system architecture can be specified and developed by a mixed-discipline team. Decisions such as using off-the-shelf components vs custom developments can be made and major functional blocks can be defined, with measurable sub-system requirements being linked to product requirements and testing protocols.
Functions will be clearly specified and decomposed into design items with clear specifications and requirements. Examples of subsystems include power delivery systems, system monitoring, HMI/GUI definition or platform/key component selection.
Detailed design will follow the functional decomposition. This uses our capabilities across engineering disciplines including electronic systems design, mechanical systems design and software design.
Verification and testing
We will then test the systems and sub-systems against test protocols, derived from functional requirements, proving that products meet their requirements. Our systems engineering led approach ensures that your product designs are partitioned in a way that simplifies verification, and therefore reduces cost and time-to-market.
We have vast experience of product manufacture, from small/medium volumes up to millions of units per year, at facilities in Europe, the UK and the Far East. With our manufacturing knowledge informing system design early in and throughout the design process, transfer to manufacture is greatly simplified.
Safety critical system design
We adopt defensive design techniques in hardware and software, and have experience of safety critical system design and functional safety system design, to various standards, including, but not limited to:
- Safety critical software up to SIL-3
- Medical software to IEC 62304
- Software to MISRA
- Medical product development to IEC-60601 Ed.2 and Ed.3
- IEC EN 61508
We have completed over 10,000 projects for start-ups and global market leaders alike, from understanding the market & technology landscape through to developing and delivering complex products.
Our scientists and engineers redefine what's possible and help R&D groups across the medical, industrial, oil & gas and consumer sectors achieve commercial return from their most complex technology projects.


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I'm new to Hadoop and was curious about the commandline messages from my pig script.
Total records written : 7676
Total bytes written : 341396
Spillable Memory Manager spill count : 103
Total bags proactively spilled: 39
Total records proactively spilled: 32389322
The end result is indicated to be a "Success!". I am still not sure. What do these numbers above mean?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 4 down vote accepted
The first two shows the total records/bytes written to HDFS by your MR job.
It can happen, that during a MR job not all records fit into the memory. Spill counters indicate how many records have been written to the local disks of your datanodes to avoid running out of memory.
Pig uses two methods to control the memory usage and do a spill if necessary:
1. Spillable Memory Manager:
This is like a central place where the spillable bags are registered. In case of low memory this manager goes through the list of the registered bags and performs a GC.
2. Proactive (self) spilling:
Bags can also spill themselves if their memory limit is reached (see pig.cachedbag.memusage)
Back to the statistics you have:
 - Total bags proactively spilled: # of bags that have been spilled
 - Total records proactively spilled: # of records in those bags
It's always good to check the spill stats of your job since lot of spilling may indicate huge performance hit that need to be avoided.
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Your Answer


Activity: A Fungus Among Us Print
a-fungus-among-us-300You won't need a green thumb for this experiment; after all, you'll be growing mold, not marigolds! By collecting germs from your toes, your pet iguana's cage, and other icky places, you'll grow all sorts of goodies in this gloriously gross garden!
What you will need:
– five baby food jars with lids
– two cups of hot water
– one packet of unflavored gelatin
– cotton string
– masking tape
– marker
What to do:
1. To make sure that your molds will grow from the bacteria you collect and not from the jar itself, you'll need to sterilize the jars by rinsing them with hot soapy water. Afterward, pour boiling water into each jar and let the jars stand for a few minutes. Drain the water from jars and let them air-dry. Boil the lids in water for five minutes.
2. Add two cups of water to the gelatin and mix until dissolved. Pour the gelatin mixture into the baby food jars until each jar is half-full, then put the left-over gelatin aside for later use. The gelatin will serve as food for your molds; they grow well on gelatin because of its high protein content.
3. Place a lid on one of the jars and use a marker and masking tape to label it "Control." (A control serves as a standard of comparison in any science experiment. By being sterile, it'll let you compare changes happening in your other jars, which will be filled with yucky germs.)
4. Cut four pieces of string (each about 8î long), and dip each string into the leftover gelatin.
5. Now it's time to get really gross! Drag each gelatin-covered string around in a different area of your house and/or on your body. Try collecting bacteria from your toenails, your cat's litterbox, your toilet seat, you name it!
6. Place each string into the gelatin solution and label each jar with the place from which you collected germs. Place a lid on each jar.
7. Write down a hypothesis, or educated guess, of which places will grow molds most quickly.
8. Within a week, or even 24 hours, you should have a variety of molds growing in the gelatin solutions.
What happens:
Colonies of bacteria can be seen growing in all the jars except the one labeled "control."
Why this happens:
Bacteria are one-celled microscopic organisms that are found just about everywhere–in air, water, soil, and on living things. The gelatin provides a culture medium, or specially-prepared nutritious substance, on which bacteria can grow into a visible colony. Chances are you didn't find colonies in the jar labeled "control" because you rinsed it with soapy, boiling water (which would kill any germs that had been in the jar). Look back at your hypothesis. Did you correctly predict which places would grow molds most quickly? Why or why not?
For more fascinating findings, you may want to explore new approaches to this experiment; for example, how does temperature affect the growth of bacteria? You can repeat the above experiment and make two of each germ sample from four different locations. Label each pair "warm" and "cold," then place the "warm" jars in a dark, warm place (like near a radiator) and the "cold" jars in a dark, cool place like a refrigerator. Write down your predictions on where bacteria will grow most quickly, then compare them with what really happens.
Discover More


text:
Name of property:
Two small detached one-storey structures. Part of the ribbon development along Kortijnweg. Two hipped roofs, parallel and perpendicular to street, with cement hips and ridges with finials. Front façades with cornice, door and step (nr.47), and door and three windows (nr.49). Wooden side façade (nr.47)
Architectural historical and cultural historical value as an example of a modest, traditional stone-built dwelling with hipped roofs, and as part of a ribbon development. Specific value as part of a protected monumental townscape.
First quarter of 20th century


pictures with coded gay characters, among scholars it is still speculative as to which side his view fell on. Given that everything Hitchcock constructed was intentional, it's easy to see why he would be viewed as homophobic, due to his use of stereotypes that eventually led to queerness possibly being as the source of the crimes. But you have to consider that during the time he reigned, it's a tribute to Hitchcock that he even embraced the complex issue of homosexuality. It shows me that there was a conscious level of understanding.
In his life, Hitchcock surrounded himself with gay culture be it in England or Hollywood, and he worked with many gay writers and actors. Ivor Novello who starred in two of Hitchcock's silent pictures was good friends with he and Alma. Hitchcock was also friends with Rope stars John Dall and bisexual Farley Granger who played coded gay characters in the film. Granger also had the lead in Strangers on a Train, co-starring Rober Walker who plays another of Hitchcock's coded gay characters, Bruno. Anthony Perkins who struggled with his sexuality in real life, plays the ambiguous, stammering, Norman Bates in Psycho. According to Jay Poole, Robert Bloch was interested in 'abnormal psychology' and was familiar with Freudian theories on sexual identity. His novel was more suggestive of the taboos, in terms of the incestuous relationship with Norman's mother and his confused sexual identity.
The assessment of 'camp' and queerness can be seen as negative. More contemporary audiences might perceive Psycho as more campy than lurid or scary. Norman's appearance in the fruit cellar might register with audiences as if he's a big ugly ridiculous drag queen with a knife. The rest of the film is darkly humorous. (Doty cites Danny Peary)
In contrasting these male characters, one representative of sexually suspect psychosis, the other of gendered and sexual normalcy, Hitchcock blurs the lines between them, creating effects that will inform future depictions of American masculinity… While Lila Crane has been read positively as a lesbian character, and also as Carol Clover's prototype for the 'final girl" I demonstrate here that Lila is a more ambiguous figure, tied to social repression and the law. […] (Norman's voyeurism and Lila's examination of Norman's room as pornographic) Infusing these pornographic motifs with addition levels of intensity and dread was the increasingly public threat of homosexuality within the Cold War context in which Hitchcock's related themes gained a new, ominous visibility. What emerges in Psycho is a tripartite monster-voyeurism-homosexuality-pornography." — (Scott Badman & Connie Russell Hosier)
Saboteur (1942) producer/writer Joan Harrison wrote the screenplay and collaborated with Hitchcock on many projects for both film and television. In the period of the 1940s to the 1950s, movies often conflated homosexuality with unsavory characters like Nazis, communists, and terrorists.
Saboteur stars Robert Cummings as plane mechanic Barry Kane who is framed for the terrorist bombing of a military instillation's aircraft hanger where they manufacture planes. After he sees his friend die in the explosion, police assume that it was Kane who filled the fire extinguisher with gasoline. Kane goes on the run, to try and find the man he suspects is the saboteur, Frank Fry (Norman Lloyd) who is the real murderer who committed the heinous crime.
Kane stumbles onto a secret group of 'the firm', 5th columnists who are plotting to sabotage key targets, military planes, ships and dams. Kane is dropped into the middle of a cabal of dangerous Americans who have infiltrated positions of power in order to carry out their nefarious plan to disrupt the democratic system and cause chaos. Socialite dowager Mrs Henrietta Sutton (Alma Kruger) is a New York philanthropist who provides cover for the 'firm' run by Otto Kruger as the coldly, sinister Tobin. Kane pretends to go along with the group, and in one scene in a taxi with Alan Baxter who plays Mr. Freeman, there is a queer exchange between the two. Freeman tells Kane about his two little children, one of them is a boy, whom he wishes was a girl. He's letting his son's hair grow long, and hesitates cutting it. Then he shares his reminiscence about his boyhood when he had glorious long blonde curls. Kane tells him to cut his son's hair and "save yourself some grief."
Purely by Hitchcockian fate, Kane is thrown together with Pat (Priscilla Lane) who comes to his aid and at one point tries to distract Fry at the top of the Statue of Liberty. The beautiful Pat, flirts with Fry in order to stall him until the police get there, but he isn't the slightest bit interested in her at all. In fact he seems annoyed by her presence. He's a slim effete figure, a swishy loner with a serpent like grin. Theodore Price, in his book 'Hitchcock and Homosexuality' (1992), has no doubt Fry was gay. (Ken Mogg 2008)
Saboteur climax prefigures that of North by Northwest between Thornhill (Cary Grant) and the sinister Leonard (Martin Landau) who is also a gay Hitchcockian figure.
We first hear a remark spoken by socialite Mrs Sutton (Alma Kruger) when Barry (Kane) is taken to the saboteurs' New York lair, as Barry enters the upstairs room. Mrs Sutton is addressing a couple of her male colleagues, whom she reprimands: 'I have to hover over you like an old hen.'
This is precisely the line Hitchcock uses in Rebecca to characterize the somewhat de-natured estate-manager Frank Crawley (Reginald Denny) – nearly all the men in the film are so afflicted – and will be uses again in The Paradine Case to characterize the gay Latour (Louis Jourdan).
Frank Crawley is 'as fussy as an old mother hen'; Latour, we're told, had been 'like an old mother hen' to his beloved master, the blind Colonel Paradine.- Ken Mogg (2008)
In North by Northwest (1959) Martin Landau's character Leonard, displays an undercurrent of homosexuality, that is subtly implied. He's a devoted bodyguard whose gaze of his boss, Phillip Vandamm, seems to be bubbling with a refined sensibility, romantically fixated Vandamm (James Mason), a communist spy being hunted by the CIA. For a 1950s film, Leonard's immaculate fashion sense and his fastidious swagger is a cue of his being queer. Nearing the climax of North by Northwest, the telling scene set in a mid-century modern house reveals Leonard's love for Vandamm. Hitchcock even sets up the motive for Leonard shooting the object of his affection, jealousy and rejection. A notable line toward the end of the movie, Leonard remarks, "Call it my woman's intuition" affirming the effete stereotype of a feminine gay man. Vandamm is genuinely flattered (contrary to homosexual panic) by Leonard's feelings, which hints at his motivation for killing the thing he loves. Vandamm (Mason) tells him in that coldly sober tone of his, "I think you're jealous. I mean it, and I'm very touched. Very." As Scott Badman & Connie Russell Hosier point out, Hitchcock direction shows a "progressive perspective for its time but so brief that it doesn't fully register with most viewers. Much later, Laundau acknowledged that he played Leonard as a homosexual, albeit subtly."
From the opening of Strangers on a Train (1951), Hitchcock frames the entrance way to the story with a close shot on the main character's shoes walking to catch the train. Bruno wears elaborate wing tips with high heels and Guy wears a more toned down fashionable pair of shoes, which are in opposition to each other and illustrate the contrast between the two main characters.
Robert Walker's Bruno, is a menacing, creepy guy with flashy ties, who positions himself after a chance meeting on a commuter train, to assert his influence over famous tennis player, Guy Haines (Farley Granger). Bruno begins to flatter Guy, and insinuate himself by sharing his knowledge of Guy's personal life. He is very proud of his tie that his mother gave him. It is a garish accoutrement dappled with lobsters. Like his silken smoking robe and another tie with the name Bruno embroidered on it. Bruno also spouts a lot of 'ideas' he has in that ever prompted mind of his, when talking about Guy's upcoming divorce and bigamy scandal, "I've got a wonderful theory about that."
Bruno insists on Guy having lunch with him, "sent to my compartment… You see you'll have to lunch with me." It is obvious, though Hitchcock is very subtle about broadcasting the cues, that Bruno is wooing Guy. Bruno is very effeminate in his demeanor, you could say that he has a 'flaming' air about him, always dropping hints about his sexuality. "My father hates me", insinuating that he is not the kind of man he expects of him. "I've got a theory that you should do everything before you die." He tells Guy amorously, "I like you, I'd do anything for you."
Bruno Anthony's plan is for both men to exchange each other's murders. There are several scenes that scream Hitchcock's gay coding. Initially, when the two men meet each other on the train, Bruno


text:
- NSDISketchLib: Enabling Efficient Sketch-based Monitoring on Programmable Switches (to appear)Hun Namkung, Zaoxing Liu, Daehyeok Kim, Vyas Sekar, and Peter SteenkisteIn Proceedings of 19th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), 2022.
Sketching algorithms or sketches enable accurate network measurement results with low resource footprints. While emerging programmable switches are an attractive target to get these benefits, current implementations of sketches are either inefficient and/or infeasible on hardware. Our contributions in the paper are: (1) systematically analyzing the resource bottlenecks of existing sketch implementations in hardware; (2) identifying practical and correct-by-construction optimization techniques to tackle the identified bottlenecks; and (3) designing an easy-to-use library called SketchLib to help developers efficiently implement their sketch algorithms in switch hardware to benefit from these resource optimizations. Our evaluation on state-of-the-art sketches demonstrates that SketchLib reduces the hardware resource footprint up to 96% without impacting fidelity.
- SIGCOMMRedPlane: Enabling Fault-Tolerant Stateful In-Switch ApplicationsDaehyeok Kim, Jacob Nelson, Dan R. K. Ports, Vyas Sekar, and Srinivasan SeshanIn Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM conference, 2021.
Many recent efforts have demonstrated the performance benefits of running datacenter functions (e.g., NATs, load balancers, monitoring) on programmable switches. However, a key missing piece remains: fault tolerance. This is especially critical as the network is no longer stateless and pure endpoint recovery does not suffice. In this paper, we design and implement RedPlane, a fault-tolerant state store for stateful in-switch applications. This provides in-switch applications consistent access to their state, even if the switch they run on fails or traffic is rerouted to an alternative switch. We address key challenges in devising a practical, provably correct replication protocol and implementing it in the switch data plane. Our evaluations show that RedPlane incurs negligible overhead and enables end-to-end applications to rapidly recover from switch failures.
- SOSRTelemetry Retrieval Inaccuracy in Programmable Switches: Analysis and RecommendationsHun Namkung, Daehyeok Kim, Zaoxing Liu, Vyas Sekar, and Peter SteenkisteIn Proceedings of ACM Symposium on SDN Research (SOSR), 2021.
Sketching algorithms or sketches are attractive as telemetry capabilities on programmable hardware switches since they offer rigorous accuracy guarantees and use compact data structures. However, we find that in practice, their actual implementations can have a significant (up to 94x) accuracy drop compared to theoretical expectations. We find that the delays incurred by pulling and resetting the data plane state induce accuracy degradation. We design and implement solutions to reduce the delays and show that our solutions can help eliminate almost all the inaccuracy of existing sketch workflows.
- SIGCOMMTEA: Enabling State-Intensive Network Functions on Programmable SwitchesDaehyeok Kim, Zaoxing Liu, Yibo Zhu, Changhoon Kim, Jeongkeun Lee, Vyas Sekar, and Srinivasan SeshanIn Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM conference, 2020.
Programmable switches have been touted as an attractive alternative for deploying network functions (NFs) such as network address translators (NATs), load balancers, and firewalls. However, their limited memory capacity has been a major stumbling block that has stymied their adoption for supporting state-intensive NFs such as cloud-scale NATs and load balancers that maintain millions of flow-table entries. In this paper, we explore a new approach that leverages DRAM on servers available in typical NFV clusters. Our new system architecture, called TEA (Table Extension Architecture), provides a virtual table abstraction that allows NFs on programmable switches to look up large virtual tables built on external DRAM. Our approach enables switch ASICs to access external DRAM purely in the data plane without involving CPUs on servers. We address key design and implementation challenges in realizing this idea. We demonstrate its feasibility and practicality with our implementation on a Tofino-based programmable switch. Our evaluation shows that NFs built with TEA can look up table entries on external DRAM with low and predictable latency (1.8-2.2 μs) and the lookup throughput can be linearly scaled with additional servers (138 million lookups per seconds with 8 servers).
- NSDIAdapting TCP for Reconfigurable Datacenter NetworksMatthew Mukerjee, Christopher Canel, Weiyang Wang, Daehyeok Kim, Srinivasan Seshan, and Alex C. SnoerenIn Proceedings of 17th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), 2020.
Reconfigurable datacenter networks (RDCNs) augment traditional packet switches with high-bandwidth reconfigurable circuits. In these networks, high-bandwidth circuits are assigned to particular source-destination rack pairs based on a schedule. To make efficient use of RDCNs, active TCP flows between such pairs must quickly ramp up their sending rates when high-bandwidth circuits are made available. Past studies have shown that TCP performs well on RDCNs with millisecond-scale reconfiguration delays, during which time the circuit network is offline. However, modern RDCNs can reconfigure in as little as 20 μs, and maintain a particular configuration for fewer than 10 RTTs. We show that existing TCP variants cannot ramp up quickly enough to work well on these modern RDCNs. We identify two methods to address this issue: First, an in-network solution that dynamically resizes top-of-rack switch virtual output queues to prebuffer packets; Second, an endpoint-based solution that increases the congestion window, cwnd, based on explicit circuit state feedback sent via the ECN-echo bit. To evaluate these techniques, we build an open-source RDCN emulator, Etalon, and show that a combination of dynamic queue resizing and explicit circuit state feedback increases circuit utilization by 1.91x with an only 1.20x increase in tail latency.
- NSDIFreeFlow: Software-based Virtual RDMA Networking for Containerized CloudsDaehyeok Kim, Tianlong Yu, Hongqiang Harry Liu, Yibo Zhu, Jitu Padhye, Shachar Raindel, Chuanxiong Guo, Vyas Sekar, and Srinivasan SeshanIn Proceedings of 16th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), 2019.
Many popular large-scale cloud applications are increasingly using containerization for high resource efficiency and lightweight isolation. In parallel, many data-intensive applications (e.g., data analytics and deep learning frameworks) are adopting or looking to adopt RDMA for high networking performance. Industry trends suggest that these two approaches are on an inevitable collision course. In this paper, we present FreeFlow, a software-based RDMA virtualization framework designed for containerized clouds. FreeFlow realizes virtual RDMA networking purely with a software-based approach using commodity RDMA NICs. Unlike existing RDMA virtualization solutions, FreeFlow fully satisfies the requirements from cloud environments, such as isolation for multi-tenancy, portability for container migrations, and controllability for control and data plane policies. FreeFlow is also transparent to applications and provides networking performance close to bare-metal RDMA with low CPU overhead. In our evaluations with TensorFlow and Spark, FreeFlow provides almost the same application performance as bare-metal RDMA.
- SIGCOMMHyperLoop: Group-Based NIC-Offloading to Accelerate Replicated Transactions in Multi-Tenant Storage SystemsDaehyeok Kim, Amirsaman Memaripour, Anirudh Badam, Yibo Zhu, Hongqiang Harry Liu, Jitu Padhye, Shachar Raindel, Steven Swanson, Vyas Sekar, and Srinivasan SeshanIn Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM conference, 2018.
Storage systems in data centers are an important component of large-scale online services. They typically perform replicated transactional operations for high data availability and integrity. Today, however, such operations suffer from high tail latency even with recent kernel bypass and storage optimizations, and thus affect the predictability of end-to-end performance of these services. We observe that the root cause of the problem is the involvement of the CPU, a precious commodity in multi-tenant settings, in the critical path of replicated transactions. In this paper, we present HyperLoop, a new framework that removes CPU from the critical path of replicated transactions in storage systems by offloading them to commodity RDMA NICs, with non-volatile memory as the storage medium. To achieve this, we develop new and general NIC offloading primitives that can perform memory operations on all nodes in a replication group while guaranteeing ACID properties without CPU involvement. We demonstrate that popular storage applications can be easily optimized using our primitives. Our evaluation results with microbenchmarks and application benchmarks show that HyperLoop can reduce 99th percentile latency ≈800x with close to 0% CPU consumption on replicas.
- HotNetsGeneric External Memory for Switch Data PlanesDaehyeok Kim, Yibo Zhu, Changhoon Kim, Jeongkeun Lee, and Srinivasan SeshanIn Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets), 2018.
Network switches are an attractive vantage point to serve various network applications and functions such as load balancing and virtual switching because of their in-network location and high packet processing rate. Recent advances in programmable switch ASICs open more opportunities


How does it work?
Why humidify the air? How does reverse osmosis work, and how can I calculate the hardness level in other countries' units? Find out everything you need to know on all aspects of air humidification.
Why do some spaces need humidification?
Why do some spaces need humidification?
 - Because humans can become ill at humidity under 40% rH. The skin and mucous membranes can dry out if they do not have adequate protection against penetrative viruses and bacteria.
 - Because many materials are sensitive to changing air humidity hygroscopic materials). So for example, paper, cloth or woods need a certain, constant air humidity so they don't dry out, tear or lose shape.
 - Because foodstuffs only stay fresh and appealing when they can't dry out in the cool room or stores.
 - Because many production process can only work properly with correct air humidity. Dough can only rise properly, cheese can only mature, when the air humidity is right.
 - Because from 50% rH, disruptive electrostatic charges can be eliminated. This is indispensable in computer rooms, in particular.
 - Because plants only feel at home in the right air humidity. They do not thrive in dry conditions: Leaves, blossoms and fruit stay small and don't last very long.
 - Because animals grow better and stay healthy in the right air humidity.
General terms used in air humidity
General terms used in air humidity
 - Air is gas mixture consisting of 78.1% nitrogen, 20.9% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide and 0.01% hydrogen, as well as small amounts of other gases such as helium, neon, krypton or xenon. Air consisting exclusively of the components above is dry air. Air in connection with water steam is moist air. In nature, air exists exclusively as moist air, no matter whether it's "dry" dessert air or fog in London: This is always a mix of air and water vapor, i.e. moist air.
 - Psychrometrics is the study of humid air (Psychros (Greek): cold, fresh). It forms part of thermodynamics and deals with the thermodynamic properties of air.
 - Absolute humidity is the amount of water vapor x, contained in 1 kg of dry air; the result is always (1+x) kg air / water vapor mixture.
 - Relative humidity, in simple terms, is the humidity contained in the air, expressed as a proportion of the amount of humidity which could be contained in air at the same temperature and 100% saturation with water vapor. It is usually expressed as a percentage.
 - The density of air changes with humidity content.
 - h,x-Diagram (after Mollier) for humid air is a psychrometric diagram, meaning a diagram for vapor / air mix, giving information about the various air conditions, depending on air temperature, air density, absolute humidity and specific enthalpy.
 - Humidification output is the amount of water vapor or aerosols produced by an air humidifier or air humidification system, usually within a certain period of time. This can be expressed using and h,x diagram.
 - Adiabatic humidification refers to air humidification by atomisation humidifiers or atomisation systems. These devices produce aerosols which need energy for vaporisation. They draw this energy from the surrounding air in the form of heat. This is why adiabatic humidification has an additional cooling effect.
 - Aerosols are gases where solid (smoke) or liquid (fog) materials swarm in the form of cloudy, distributed, small particles. In air humidification, aerosols refer to extremely fine water droplets with a size around 1-20 µ. They are produced by atomisation humidifiers and sent into the air in the space. Humidification with aerosols is always adiabatic.
The most important thing about steam.
The most important thing about steam.
 - Saturated steam is steam, which cannot absorb any more liquid. This steam is still in direct contact with water.
 - Over-heated steam arises from saturated steam which is further heated under constant pressure. Overheated steam is no longer saturated.
 - Unsaturated steam arises from overheating saturated steam, or when the volume of saturated steam is increased at a constant temperature.
 - Condensation arises when steam cools. Condensation also occurs in nature when the dew point of the air is reached, i.e. the air at a given temperature cannot absorb any more water.
The most important facts about water quality and hardeners.
The most important facts about water quality and hardeners.
 - In untreated condition, water should be of drinking water quality for air humidification. With spring water, for example, you should discuss this with the manufacturer of the humidification system. Depending on its origin, water can contain a range of constituents which determine water hardness and affect the operational behaviour of air humidifiers.
 - Water hardness refers to the amount and nature of constituents in the water which create hardness. In Germany, water hardness is expressed in ° dH, and comprises the sum of all hardeners present as dissolved ions. The ion content is expressed in mg/l. The meaning of the German hardness levels is as follows: 0 - 4 = very soft, 4 - 8 = soft, 8 - 12 = medium hard, 12 - 18 = fairly hard, 18 - 30 = hard, over 30 = very hard.
 - Hardeners are mineral salts dissolved in the water. We differentiate between the carbonates (calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium bicarbonate) and the non-carbonates (calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate). When water vaporises, the hardeners remain. The total hardness of the water is the sum of the carbonate hardness and the permanent hardness (total hardness = carbonate hardness + permanent hardness).
 - Carbonate hardness is the calcium and magnesium salts dissolved in the water. This is also known as temporary hardness or passing hardness, as it comes out of the water as calcium on heating.
 - Permanent hardness, or non-carbonate hardness refers to the sulphate, chlorides and nitrates of calcium and magnesium. This form the lasting hardness of the water, because it is only removed when the water is fully vaporised. With electrode humidifiers, this can lead to a concentration of the cylinder water.
 - Conversion into foreign hardness levels: Other European countries do not use the German hardness levels. In Switzerland or France, the French scale is commonly found, in America, the American scale is used, the Russian scale in Russia etc. Here are some conversions: 1° dH = 1.252° Engl. hardness, 1.785° French hardness, 1.043° American hardness, 7.149° Russian hardness 17.850 ppm (parts per million), 17.850 mg CaCO3/l.
What you need to know about water treatment.
What you need to know about water treatment.
 - Water softening is generally the replacement of calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions. This makes the water softer and less hardening agent (lime) precipitates.
 - Complete water desalination removes all mineral salts from the water. We differentiate fundamentally between two systems: Ion exchangers and reverse osmosis. Ion exchange is a method of full desalination of feed water. Special resins replace all the cations contained in the untreated water for hydrogen ions (H) and all associated anions for hydroxyl ions. The hydroxyl groups and the hydrogen ions combine to form H2O (water) Depending on the output requirement, ion exchangers work with a 2-column system, where exchange resins are stored separately (each in one column). For low and medium output, we use a mixing bed, where both resins are held, mixed in a container (cartridge).
 - Reverse osmosis: In reverse osmosis, all mineral salts are removed from the water after initial softening using a semi-porous membrane under pressure. Fully desalinated water is no longer conductive, and so is not suitable for electrode steam humidifiers, and contains no hardeners. So it is ideal as feed water for heater steam humidifiers, which, when operated with fully desalinated water, need practically no maintenance, as there is no build up of hardeners. However, fully desalinated water can be diluted into a less conductive feed water for electrode steam humidifiers using tap water, so that the life span of the cylinders increases significantly.
Methods of air humidification.
Methods of air humidification.
 - Atomisation (spray nozzles and centrifugal atomisation). Here, the humidification water is atomised into very fine droplets, or aerosols. The aerosols take the energy needed for conversion into a gas from the surrounding air, in the form of heat. This means the atomisation has a cooling (adiabatic) effect on the temperature of the room. The electrical energy requirement is particularly low in this type of humidifier.
 - Spray nozzle atomisation Spray nozzle systems work either with water alone, or with water and compressed air. WIth single-substance nozzles, the fully desalinated humidification water is compressed at a pressure of 50-60 bar in special high-pressure nozzles and atomised into aerosols. Two-substance nozzles work with compressed air and water, which means there is no need for an additional increase to the water pressure.
 - Centrif


What Explains the French Paradox
Image Credit: Flickr. This image has been modified.
What About the French Paradox?
The so-called French Paradox is a term coined back in the 1980s by three Frenchmen to explain a curious finding: If you chart death from heart attack versus the amount of saturated fat and cholesterol countries consume, there appears to be a straight line. The more animal foods populations eat, the higher their death rates appear to be. Conversely, maybe if we got meat, egg, and dairy intake low enough, we could bring coronary death rates down towards zero.
As I discuss in my video What Explains the French Paradox?, two countries didn't fall in line with that straight line. Finland seemed to be doing worse than expected, and France appeared to be doing better than expected. Hence, the paradox. How could France have saturated fat and cholesterol intake similar to Finland, but five times fewer fatal heart attacks?
Everyone had their pet theories to explain the paradox. Was it the wining? Was it the dining? Yes, animal foods were associated with coronary heart disease mortality, but plant foods appeared protective. So, maybe the fact that the French were eating four times as many vegetables helps account for their lower death rates?
Well, it turns out apparently there's no paradox at all. As Marion Nestle astutely pointed out, the French had only recently started eating so unhealthily, and chronic diseases take decades to develop. Americans had been eating this way for 40 years, whereas the French had just picked it up. If we all started smoking today but found no measurable increase in lung cancer tomorrow, it wouldn't mean smoking doesn't cause lung cancer—it just takes a while.
What happens when you actually run the numbers? If you compare coronary death rates to the amount of animal fat and cholesterol levels at the time, France does seem unusually protected. And, if you compare death rates to what they were eating two decades before, they're still pretty far off the line. How is that possible? It turns out French physicians under-report ischemic heart disease deaths on the death certificates by as much as 20 percent, according to a World Health Organization investigation.
So, if you correct for that, France basically comes right back in line with the death versus animal fat and death versus cholesterol lines, with about four times the fatal heart attack rates as Japan decades after four times the animal fat consumption.
If you're wondering about those meta-analyses that show saturated fat is not associated with disease and you thought "butter was back," you guessed it—I've got videos for you: The Saturated Fat Studies: Set Up to Fail and The Saturated Fat Studies: Buttering Up the Public.
What about the egg industry studies claiming dietary cholesterol is benign? See Does Cholesterol Size Matter? and How the Egg Board Designs Misleading Studies for more on this.
Were you hoping the lower heart attack rates in France were thanks to red wine? What about that resveratrol compound in grape skins? See Resveratrol Impairs Exercise Benefits and The Best Source of Resveratrol.
And, for an overview of heart disease, check out How Not to Die from Heart Disease.
In health,
Michael Greger, M.D.
Michael Greger M.D., FACLM
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The Mystery School Code Review: A Complete Guide to Unlocking the Secrets of the Universe
The Mystery School Code is an ancient system of knowledge and wisdom passed down through generations. It is a powerful tool for personal transformation and spiritual development, providing the keys to unlocking the mysteries of the universe.
The origins of the Mystery School Code can be traced back to ancient civilizations, such as Egypt and Greece, where secret societies and mystery schools were established to preserve and transmit this sacred knowledge. The teachings of the Mystery School Code have been passed down through the ages, and continue to be practiced and studied by spiritual seekers today.
One of the key components of the Mystery School Code is the use of symbols and archetypes. These symbols and archetypes are powerful tools for unlocking the hidden knowledge and wisdom of the universe, and can be used to access higher levels of consciousness and understanding. The use of symbols and archetypes is also a way of encoding the teachings of the Mystery School Code, to preserve them for future generations.
The Mystery School Code also emphasizes the importance of community and connection. Those who practice the Mystery School Code are part of a global community of like-minded individuals, all working together to unlock the secrets of the universe. This sense of connection and community is an integral part of the Mystery School Code, providing support and guidance as one travels along their spiritual journey.
The Mystery School Code also provides a unique approach to personal development and growth. It teaches individuals how to tap into the power of their own minds, and harness the power of their thoughts and emotions to create positive change in their lives. Through the use of visualization and other techniques, one can manifest their deepest desires and create the life they have always dreamed of.
One of the most powerful practices within the Mystery School Code is meditation. Meditation is a way of quieting the mind and accessing the deeper levels of consciousness. It is a powerful tool for personal transformation and spiritual development, and is an essential part of the Mystery School Code.
The Mystery School Code also teaches about the use of energy and vibration. Everything in the universe is made up of energy and vibrates at a certain frequency. By understanding and working with these energies and vibrations, one can access higher levels of consciousness and understanding, and manifest positive change in their life.
For those looking to deepen their spiritual practice and unlock their full potential, the Mystery School Code is an invaluable tool. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced practitioner, the Mystery School Code offers a powerful and transformative path to spiritual growth and understanding.


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In order to ensure the best possible conditions for the programs at Richmond Vale Academy, the Teacher Council has from the start set frames regarding alcohol and drug use while in the program:
1.Nobody who participates in a course can take alcohol while carrying out the program. This also applies when traveling to or from home travel.
2.Nobody who participates in a course can be involved with euphoriant or narcotic substances. This applies whether you are at school, traveling, on home travel, or in Central or Latin America during travel and work periods. In short, it applies all the time.
3.Former drug users must have been free of heavy drugs for a minimum of 18 months before the course starts.
* A participant who does not comply with the drug and alcohol frame is no longer on the course. *
The main arguments for this decision are: Re. 1) and 2) Learning about and investigating the present-day reality is both physically and mentally demanding, and so is taking action as a consequence hereof. Drugs and alcohol will be a hindrance to the implementation of the program and an impediment to the social life and comradeship between people during the course. Moreover, the program takes place in countries with severe punishments for possession of drugs, and the projects where you will work in Central or Latin America have strict rules against alcohol or drugs.
Re. 3) The experiences of the school and its participants have shown that students who have been drug addicts have the best possibilities of completing the course to their full benefit when they have been free of drugs for a longer duration before the course.


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Importing Spreadsheet/CSV Data
Prepare Your Data
Clean the Spreadsheet/CSV file
 - One data type per column. If you want a column analysed as a number e.g. 60, 102.5, 3, etc remove text such as "n/a", "removed" etc. SOFA can cope with mixed data types by getting you to choose an overall type as you import (unless you select text, data of the other types is converted to missing values). But you will have to decide what to do for each and every column every time you import the data. So it is probably best to clean it before attempting an import.
 - One header row (or none) only. SOFA can't handle multiple header rows so tidy that up first
 - Unique field names. SOFA can handle duplicate field names (it appends 001, 002 etc to make the names unique) but it is probably better to make the names yourself.
 - Remove empty rows and columns at beginning. They may make the layout more appealing but SOFA expects the first row to be either the header row or the first data row.
 - Remove additional worksheets. SOFA is only set up to import a single worksheet.
 - (For CSV) - Get rid off blanks in your csv e.g.
 female,,43,Austria
 will treat the value after "female" as " ", not as a missing value. So change it to
 Notice the commas are right next to each other.
Structure the Data for Analysis
SOFA expects your data to be organised in a particular way. E.g. should I have gender as a field with 1s and 2s in it and height as another field or should I have a column of results e.g. height, for each gender? SOFA only works with the first structure. Check Structuring Data For Analysis if not sure or if there are problems.
Importing Local Data
SOFA Statistics currently supports importing data from Excel spreadsheets, ODS spreadsheets (OpenOffice Calc and Gnumeric etc), csv files and Google Docs spreadsheets.
 1. Click on the "Import Data" button on the main SOFA form
 2. To import local data, click on "Browse" and select csv, xls, or ods file
 3. Provide the data with a unique name by which SOFA Statistics can identify the data.
 Then click on the "Import" button to import the data into the default SOFA database "sofa_db" with the table name provided.
A video is available showing how to import CSV data: Importing CSV data video
A video is available showing how to import Open Document Format (ODF) spreadsheets: Importing Open Document Format (ODF) spreadsheets video
help/importing.txt · Last modified: 2015/10/31 03:21 by admin


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Background: There is a recognized need to deliver oral health information to people during clinical encounters to enable them to develop personal skills in managing their own oral health. Traditional approaches to individual oral health education have been shown to be largely ineffective and new approaches are required to address personal motivations for preventive behaviour. This systematic review aims to identify and assess the effectiveness of behaviour models as a basis for individual oral health promotion.
Methods: Electronic databases were searched for articles evaluating the effectiveness of health behaviour models in oral and general health between 2000 and 2007. Eighty-nine studies were retrieved and data were extracted from the 32 studies that met the inclusion criteria.
Results: Thirty-two studies were identified in the fields of clinical prevention and health education, motivational interviewing (MI), counselling, and models based interventions. MI interventions were found to be the most effective method for altering health behaviours in a clinical setting.
Conclusions: There is a need to develop an effective model for chairside oral health promotion that incorporates this evidence and allows oral health professionals to focus more on the underlying social determinants of oral disease during the clinical encounter. There is potential to further develop the MI approach within the oral health field.


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this example is further illustrated in
In this example, the central axis of the incoming light 5365 enters the lightpipe at a distance li from the end of the lightpipe, and exits a distance lo from the other end of the lightpipe. The light is therefore carried for a distance of lio. The range from the target surface to the lightpipe in the z-direction is therefore r for an x-direction offset from the incident line 5306 of lr. This ration is related to the angles of the ends of the lightpipe and the desired internal reflection angles within the lightpipe. In the present example, the range r is 3.5 mm for an x-direction offset lr of 2.5 mm. The length li is 1 mm, the length lo is 0.7 mm and the length lio is 21.6 mm.
The reading range of a scanner incorporating the lightpipe can be adjusted by using a relaying lens to focus the reflected light from the surface onto the location of spot 5306 in
In some examples, all of the surfaces of the lightpipe can be provided with a reflective surface. This allows more freedom of the angles from which the incident light is collected but increases the cost of the lightpipe. It will be appreciated that where total internal reflection is used to convey light through the lightpipe, the light entry and exit portions are no different to the long faces 5311 and 5313. However, where the surfaces are to be mirror finished, the light entry and exit portions require that a gap is left in the mirror finish for the light to enter and leave the lightpipe.
Where a number of lightpipes are to be arranged adjacent one another, such as where a multi-element 1-D sensor array is to be used, the lightpipes can simply be located adjacent one another. However, it has been found that the lightpipes cannot be joined by adhesive or any means which creates a liquid-type bond between the lightpipes if total internal reflection is to be relied upon for carrying the light down the lightpipe. This illustrates that whilst the lightpipes should preferably have optically smooth surfaces to effect the total internal reflection, some surface roughness is required to keep the light in the lightpipe. This if it is desired to adhere the lightpipes together, the surfaces must be mirrored to ensure that the light is carried successfully. If the cost and processing of mirroring the surfaces is preferred to be avoided, the lightpipes can be held together mechanically, for example with a clamp.
The passage of the light along the lightpipe is illustrated in the raytrace type
If the optional interference filter 5360 is used in the detector, this can have a very narrow passband, as discussed above. Also, an interference filter with a narrow passband is very sensitive to the direction of incident light, as light which approaches the filter at an angle other than the normal to the filter appears to have a different wavelength. Thereby, the interference filter can exclude light carried by the lightpipe which is outside of the desired angular range to achieve the desired numerical aperture for capture. Additionally, if the captured data is to be used in a conventional imaging type way, for example for pattern matching, as discussed above, the crosstalk between the different sensors in the sensor array can be reduced by the angular exclusion of an interference filter.
The use of a lightpipe in a scanner system as described above provides a reduced degree of positional misplacement sensitivity compared to a lens-based system. In particular, if the article is misplaced in the z-direction or if the light is incident upon the wrong part of the target (which are effectively the same thing optically) then the same amount of light is captured as if that error had not occurred. The light captured will be reflected from a part of the target other than the intended part, but as a relatively large area of the target is scanned to create the signature, almost all of the parts of the target which it was intended to capture will be captured, just shifted in space slightly. As the signature matching in fact requires a bit-shift between a candidate signature and a record signature, this shift should have no effect on the accuracy of a signature match.
With reference to FIGS. 13 to 15 and 53 above, the detector optics could have an alternative configuration based on use of fibreoptic lightguides and a distributed sensor array. An example of such a system is shown in
Some of the reflected light 5464 and 5465 from the point 5406 is collected by fibreoptic lightguides and directed to sensors. The reflected light 5465 enters a fibreoptic lightguide 5410 and is carried therealong before being output to a sensor array 5420. In the present example the fibreoptic lightguides 5410 comprise a set of such lightguides arranged adjacent one another extending along axis normal to the page of
The light is captured at a desired numerical aperture by selecting an appropriately dimensioned fibreoptic lightguide positioned at an appropriate distance from the intended position of the target surface. The skilled reader of this specification will appreciate that a fibreoptic lightguide of a given diameter will have an effective numerical aperture dependent upon the distance of the end of the fibreoptic from the light source (in this case the point of reflection from the target surface). Thereby the light which is captured and transported by the fibreoptic lightguide corresponds to light from the desired numerical aperture.
In the present example, the fibreoptic lightguides are approximately 1 mm in diameter and are made from PMMA (poly-methyl-methacrylate). In other examples, the lightguides may have different diameters to provide different options for distance from target and numerical aperture of light capture, and/or may be made of other materials such as other transparent or translucent plastics or from glass.
The number of fibreoptic lightguides 5410 used in the scanner apparatus can be adjusted to provide a trade-off between greater translational inaccuracy in positioning of the target relative to the sensor (i.e. mispositioning in the y-direction) (by having a larger number of lightguides), and size of the scanner unit (by having a smaller number of lightguides). An outer housing for the scanner apparatus could be made in any convenient size and shape for an application in which it is to be deployed.
Thus there has now been described examples of further scanner apparatuses which may be used to capture scan information describing a target surface in accordance with the presently described systems.
In some examples it may be possible to determine a class signature for a material type of which an article is made. This will now be discussed in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 55 to 61.
One example of a material which can produce a class signature is paper. For papers, the class signature is related to repeated patterns in the surface, such as might be produced by a grid on which the paper was carried during production, such as a drying grid.
While the data points in
The wavelength of the FT peak is found to depend upon the direction in which the paper is oriented with respect to the coherent beam scan direction. For example, the first paper sheet yielded a peak wavelength of 422 μm when scanned in the 'portrait' orientation, and a peak wavelength of 274 μm when scanned in the 'landscape' orientation. Additionally, one side of the paper often gives a stronger FT peak than the other side. This is believed to be due to the stronger surface corrugations arising on the side of the paper which was in contact with the mesh during the paper's manufacture.
Robustness tests have been performed on paper in order to see if natural and intentional degradation and damage to the paper causes the class signature to change or become unreadable. In particular, paper sheets have been crumpled and subjected to strong surface rubbing. No strong change was found in the class signature, although more noise appeared at the lower wavelength end of the spectra. We have also exposed the paper to high pressure steam in a medical autoclave. While the FT peak was still clearly visible after autoclaving, its wavelength was found to have reduced by 1.7% from 426 μm to 418 μm. This is attributed to shrinking of the paper fibres upon drying out from the steam. Visual inspection of the paper showed it to have strongly degraded in the autoclave. However, this degree of damage is not expected for normal applications.
Step A1 is the initial step during which the scan motor is started. The scan motor is programmed to move at speed ν.
Step A2 is a data acquisition step during which the optical intensity at each of the photodetectors is acquired approximately every 1 ms during the entire length of scan. In the present example, only one point on the target surface is monitored. The time interval between sample points is Δt. Simultaneously, the encoder signal is acquired as a function of time. It is noted that if the scan motor has a high degree of linearisation accuracy (e.g. as would a stepper motor) then an encoder signal need not be acquired. The number n of data points per detector channel collected in each scan is defined as N in the following. Further, the value ak(i) is defined as the i-th stored intensity value from photodetector k, where i runs from 1 to N. An example of a raw data set obtained from such a scan are illustrated in
Step A3 is a return scan head step. The scan motor is reversed to reset the scanning mechanism to its initial position in preparation for a subsequent scanning operation.
Step A4 is an optional linearisation step. If performed, this step applies numerical interpolation to locally expand and contract ak(i) so that the encoder transitions are evenly spaced in time. This


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Ramesh and Teresa are playing a game. They must throw two unbiased dice, 'A' and 'B'. They then draw a rectangle based on the values that the dice land on. One side has a length (in cm) of (A+B) and the other side has a length (in cm) of (A-B). The winner is the person with the largest rectangle.
a) What is the chance that Ramesh will win the game?
b) How large is the largest possible rectangle?

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Washington Square Park
This monument is dedicated to General Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807–1882), the 19th century Italian patriot who crusaded for a unified Italy during the European era of state building.
Known as the "Sword of Italian Unification," in 1834, Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the Young Italy Society organized by Italian nationalist Giuseppe Mazzini (1805–1872). They fought in the first republican uprising for independence in Genoa, Italy, but after the movement was crushed Garibaldi fled to South America where he remained in exile from 1836 to 1848. While there, he fought against Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas in the Uruguayan Civil War from 1842 to 1846.
Garibaldi returned to Italy in 1849 to support Mazzini and his short-lived Roman Republic. After Mazzini's regime capitulated to French forces, Garibaldi fled Italy for New York where he met inventor and fellow Italian exile Antonio Meucci (1808–1889), whose patent for telephone technology predated Alexander Graham Bell. Meucci invited Garibaldi to stay at his cottage in Clifton, Staten Island. There, Garibaldi worked as a candlemaker as he recovered from the war and planned his next military campaign. Today, the cottage on Tompkins Avenue is the home of the Garibaldi-Meucci Museum.
In 1854, Garibaldi returned to Italy to fight for a united Italian nation. In 1860, Garibaldi's volunteer forces seized Sicily and Naples. The successful campaign led to the unification of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel II, and solidified Garibaldi's international reputation as a military leader. President Abraham Lincoln offered Garibaldi a command in the Union Army at the beginning of the Civil War, which Garibaldi declined so that he could continue to fight for the fledgling nation.
The sculptor, Giovanni Turini (1841–1899), who also designed the bronze bust of Mazzini unveiled in Central Park in 1878, was a volunteer member of Garibaldi's Fourth Regiment during the war between Italy and Austria in 1866. Donated by New York's Italian-American community, the bronze statue on a granite pedestal was dedicated in 1888, the sixth anniversary of Garibaldi's death.
By the 1960s, a good-luck ritual developed among New York University Finance students in which each new student in the School of Finance tossed a penny at the base of the Garibaldi Monument at the start of the school year. Acknowledging this tradition and reinforcing its commitment to the community, the university sponsored a wreath-laying ceremony in 1961 to honor the centennial anniversary of Italy's unification.
In 1970, the Garibaldi monument was moved about 15 feet to the east to allow for construction of a promenade in Washington Square. A glass vessel containing documents from the 1880s was found under the original base of the statue. The documents included newspaper accounts of Garibaldi's death, a history of the Committee for the Monument of Garibaldi, the organization that helped place the statue, and a poster for and news clippings about the monument's 1888 dedication.
In 1998, the monument was conserved by the City Parks Foundation Monuments Conservation Program. The treatment included cleaning, repatining, and applying a protective coating to the bronze sculpture, as well as cleaning and repairing the stone pedestal. In September 2000, Garibaldi's scabbard, vandalized and long in storage, was reinstalled and unified with his sword. The project was funded in part by The American Express Company, the Florence Gould Foundation, and the Samuel H. Kress Foundation.
Giuseppe Garibaldi Details
- Sculptor: Giovanni Turini
- Description: Standing figure (over life-size) on integral plinth on pedestal
- Materials: Bronze and granite
- Dimensions: H: 20'8" W: 10' D: 10'
- Cast: 1888
- Dedicated: June 4, 1888
- Foundry: Lazzari & Barton, Woodlawn, N.Y.
- Donor: Italian-Americans
- Inscription: Pedestal front:
GARIBALDI / _PHONE_ /
IL II GIUGNO / MDCCCLXXXVIII / GLI ITALIANI / DEGLI STATI UNITI / D' AMERICA / ERESSERO /
Directions to Washington Square Park
- 100 Years Ago: Fire on the Square
- Ready For Their Close-Up: Parks Archival Images And The Oscars
- Community Celebrates Re-opening of Washington Square Park


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TEACHING VALUES AN OLYMPIC EDUCATION TOOLKIT SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO OLYMPIC VALUES EDUCATION TEACHINGVALUES11 Stimulating the imagination of learners is another educational method used in Teaching Values. All athletes know the power of the imagination in helping them to accomplish a result or goal. Positive and creative use of the imagination can also help young people to develop new attitudes, new ways of thinking about themselves and others, and then to explore different ways of behaving. DEFINING TERMINOLOGY In this Toolkit, a number of words recur which are worth defining for the purposes of educators and their learners. 1 Value– A value is what is considered important in life; what makes life worth living. A value is also something that helps people decide what is right or wrong in moral terms. Heritage– Heritage is a form of legacy. " IT IS IMAGINATION THAT OPENS OUR EYES TO WORLDS BEYOND OUR EXPERIENCE – ENABLING US TO CREATE, CARE FOR OTHERS, AND ENVISION SOCIAL CHANGE." 2 ( MAXINE GREENE, EDUCATOR AND CURRICULUM SPECIALIST) AboveLondon 2005: London 2012 Chairman and former Olympian Lord Sebastian Coe ( GBR) talks to children at an East London primary school about the Olympic Games. 1 Definitions from Educational Services of the Olympic Museum, Lausanne. 2 Greene, M. ( 1995). Releasing the imagination: Essays on education, the arts, and social change. San Francisco: JosseyBass Inc. ( book jacket). There are tangible heritages such as buildings, monuments, historical sites, works of art, objects, books, etc. There are also intangible heritages such as languages, films, music, scientific knowledge, customs, arts and crafts. Rituals, sport movements and techniques are part of the intangible heritage. Sport– Sport is understood to mean all forms of physical activity that contribute to physical fitness, mental wellbeing and social interaction. These activities include play; recreational, casual, organised or competitive sport; and indigenous sport or games ( UNESCO 2004). Culture– Culture is everything that allows people to situate themselves in relation to the world, society and also the heritage which is passed on to them ( values, behaviour, arts, artifacts, knowledge, belief systems, stories and myths, etc.).
12TEACHING VALUES SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO OLYMPIC VALUES EDUCATION FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF THEOLYMPIC MOVEMENT THE " FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES" APPEAR AT THE BEGINNING OF THE OLYMPIC CHARTER. # 1 Olympism is a philosophy of life, exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body, will and mind. Blending sport with culture and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life based on the joy of effort, the educational value of good example and respect for universal fundamental ethical principles. # 2The goal of Olympism is to place sport at the service of the harmonious development of man, with a view to promoting a peaceful society concerned with the preservation of human dignity. # 3The Olympic Movement is the concerted, organised, universal and permanent action, carried out under the supreme authority of the IOC, of all individuals and entities who are inspired by the values of Olympism. It covers the five continents. It reaches its peak with the bringing together of the world's athletes at the great sports festival, the Olympic Games. Its symbol is five interlaced rings. # 4The practice of sport is a human right. Every individual must have the possibility of practising sport, without discrimination of any kind and in the Olympic spirit, which requires mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play. The organisation, administration and management of sport must be controlled by independent sports organisations. # 5Any form of discrimination with regard to a country or a person on grounds of race, religion, politics, gender or otherwise is incompatible with belonging to the Olympic Movement. # 6Belonging to the Olympic Movement requires compliance with the Olympic Charter and recognition by the IOC. See Learning Activity, Section 4, Fundamental Principles – Interpretation, p. 68. Left Atlanta 1996: The Opening Ceremony at the Olympic Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia, celebrates the ancient origins of the Games. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES


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Selecting classy baby baby strollers may appear facile but when you are there it may be very baffling to select the best one. It is because you don't understand how to determine its safety and sturdiness. Let us face the facts, the majority of the stocks the thing is in malls looks very stupendous although not all guarantees the security of the baby.
The most typical mistakes parents commit is to choose the least expensive one, although top quality baby strollers isn't a warranty for baby's safety.
1. Safety ought to be your number 1 concern. Which means that baby strollers must have a security harness. The most secure may be the 5-point type. To make sure that your child doesn't slide from his belt, a crotch strap should be present. Additionally, it prevents your child from escaping. from the stroller.
2. Brakes are essential particularly when getting the baby strollers outdoors. It's difficult to inform when we are situated on the lying down area. Therefore, make certain the brakes will work as well as in good shape whatsoever occasions.
3. Consider its stability. Getting a wider base are on the face more stable and therefore are not as likely to fall over whenever your child tries to leave in the stroller.
4. Take heed also on its ability to move. Make sure to run it round the store before purchasing it. Determine it functions well when turning it for your right or left, or forward and backward. It's important that you may have not a problem moving it.
6. Check its securing mechanism. Try to place your baby inside and find out if it doesn't collapse easily. You wouldn't want your child to help keep falling since your stroller cannot carry the load of the child, right?
7. Make sure that you will find no sticking out sharp edges on any some of it otherwise your child could be uncovered to injuries.
Follow these 7 tips about how to determine purchasing safe and trendy baby baby strollers. Another assurance that you have the best piece is to determine the label. It should be JMPA and ASTM licensed. If you could buy a defective one, always inform the CPSC about this.
For a moment just make time to scrutinize what you're purchasing i quickly am quite sure you may never fail. Remember, looks could be misleading. So don't merely consider the way it looks but make certain to totally check important facets of getting an excellent and effective product.


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March 23, 2008 by Virginia Torrie
The proposition that consumers are confused by the use of geographical indicators (GIs) by producers other than those from the specified geographic region is arguably a weak one. Evidence that GIs have become generic terms in many countries bolsters this argument because consumers generally do not consider generic marks to be indicia of source. However, authentic producers of GI products have suffered dilution of their marks. "Dilution" is defined as "the lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify goods or services" in the American Lanham Act.[FN1] As discussed below, protection against dilution appears to be a logical and necessary component of trade-mark law, beyond the concept of depreciation found s. 22 of the Canadian Trade-marks Act.
There are two types of dilution codified in American law: blurring of distinctiveness and tarnishment. In this post I will deal only with the former. This type of dilution occurs when there is "a blurring of the mental associations evoked by the mark, such that the ability of the mark to uniquely evoke the cognitive network originally associated with that mark has been whittled away or diluted".[FN2] To illustrate, a mark such as COCA-COLA is indicative to consumers of a single producer of a certain product. In contrast, DIJON is not. DIJON is indicative to consumers of a type of mustard generally. In fact, DIJON might bring to mind other famous brand names associated with mustard, such as French's. Thus, while the mark COCA-COLA is quite distinctive, the distinctiveness of DIJON has been blurred by the use of this mark by those other than the authentic producers of this specific mustard in Dijon, France.
Blurring can occur even when the second user of the mark is engaged in a completely different business than the original trade-mark owner. The reasoning for this type of protection is that even though a consumer may be unlikely to be confused by the use of DIJON for mustard and the concurrent use of DIJON for lampshades, there is a "weakening of associations, whittling away or lessening of the capacity of the famous mark to identify goods and services".[FN3]
Where there is competition between the original trade-mark owner and the second party, however, blurring becomes "a step along the path to mere descriptiveness and possibly genericism".[FN4] GIs have arguably succumbed to genericism in many countries due to dilution through use of the mark by both authentic producers and competitors.
Dilution is not simply an added trade-mark right, it is a concept that enables owners of famous marks to protect the distinctiveness of their trade-marks. Trade-mark law is premised on the notion of distinctiveness. Inherent or acquired distinctiveness is an essential requirement for registration under the Trade-marks Act.[FN5] If trade-mark owners, however, are unable to protect the distinctiveness of their mark against dilution, it seems paradoxical to protect only distinctive marks, since, once registered, distinctiveness can subsequently be lost along with statutory trade-mark protection.
The tale of GIs is illustrative of the need for statutory safeguards against trade-mark dilution by demonstrating the susceptibility of strong marks to competing use ultimately resulting in genericism. Once distinctive of high-quality products emanating from certain regions that resulted (in a number of cases) in the unique characteristics of the final product, GIs now merely serve to identify a broad class of products of varying quality, made by dozens of different producers. Thus, many GIs have been diluted to the point of genericism.
If legislatures are serious about protecting trade-marks then there is arguably the need for some sort of protection against dilution, as dilution wears away at the essential qualification for trade-mark registration. While it is likely too late to save "generic" marks, statutory protection against dilution would enable existing trade-mark owners to protect the distinctiveness of their marks on a going-forward basis. As trade-mark and brand equity continue to increase, so do the financial and business reasons for protecting the distinctiveness, and thus the trade-mark rights, of famous marks. Something akin to the prohibition against blurring found in American legislation might be a useful place to start.[FN6]
[FN1] Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1127 (1946).
[FN2] Jacob Jacoby, "The Psychological Foundations of Trademark Law: Secondary Meaning, Genericism Fame, Confusion and Dilution" (2001) 91 Trademark Rep. 1013.
[FN5] Trade-marks Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. T-13 s. 12.
[FN6] The Federal Trademark Dilution Act, 15 U.S.C.S. § 1125 (2002).


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The average price of a stock in the TSX 60 has almost doubled in the last decade. This translates to significantly more capital being required to purchase shares of an underlying stock.
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 5. The forecast must predict 1 that the stock price will rise so the call increases in price and 2 that the stock price rise will occur before expiration.
Many investors with smaller account sizes may consider using long-term options as an alternative to buying shares of a stock. In this post we explore comparing buying stock to long-term options. To learn more on trading long-term options, view our latest webinar on this topic!
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When to use Long-Term options There are 2 types of long-term options — calls and puts: Long-Term Calls Long-term call options are frequently used as a replacement strategy for a long stock position as it offers long term upside exposure with limited risk.
Calls should be used when there is a bullish outlook on the underlying stock or ETF longterm options strategy at least months or greater. Long-term options are also a great way to mitigate downside risks. When the market is believed to be overbought or if a rally is extended with no significant pullbacks, the probability of a market correction becomes higher.
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Long-term options allow for upside exposure but limited downside risks if there is a market correction compared to owning a stock or ETF. Long-Term Puts Buying a long-term put offers downside protection against long positions in either individual stocks or a portfolio of stocks.
Benefits of Long-Term Options Long-term options offer a lower capital outlay option when compared to buying or shorting a stock. As long-term options have a slower level of time decay, they are typically suitable for investments with a time horizon greater than months.
Harnessing Volatility with a Long-Term Options Strategy
Limitations of Pending order in binary options Options Long-term options are less liquid than front-month options. Therefore, it is only viable to use them for longer term investing instead of short-term active trading.
When deciding whether to use long-term options or to simply buy the stock, one should consider whether the stock is a dividend-paying stock.
Long Call Option Strategy - Options Trading Strategies - Bullish Options Strategies
Options do not pay dividends and investors seeking to take advantage of dividend income may prefer buying the stock instead of using options. Furthermore, long-term options are available on only 64 stocks and ETFs, requiring open interest of 5, or more over a period of 6 months before they are listed.
the option premium acts as
A list of all available stocks with long-term options longterm options strategy be found here. Even though OTM options cost less to buy, it is important to remember that options are used as a replacement to buying and holding the stock for a long period of time.
Therefore, an investor that uses options would want to maximize the capital appreciation of the stock by using ITM options.
What are "LEAPS"?
Strike selection — Buy In-the-money strikes delta. This replaces the stock leg of a covered call with a long-term option, otherwise known as a diagonal spread.
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However, it is important to remember to roll the short call at expiration if it is above the strike price. Otherwise this may result in having to buy stock or exercising the long-term calls to deliver the shares.
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Summary Long-term options provide an alternative to gain long-term exposure to the capital appreciation of a stock while reducing the capital outlay and overall the risk. Due to the large amount of capital required to buy shares of a stock outright, Bitcoin binary options strategies options have become a popular tool for investors with less capital.
When trading long-term options, use the trading tips in this post to maximize their effectiveness. Take advantage of free access to OptionsPlay Canada: www.
Before we leap to the topic at hand, you can refer the following course to refresh your knowledge on the basics of options. Long-Term Equity Anticipation Securities or LEAPS for short are a type of options contract whose expiry is always more than a year, some even going as far as three years. Typically, options were inherently short-term and were offered in the range of 3, 6 and 9-month ranges. Eventually, there were individuals who were looking at the long term horizon for a certain asset but did not want to own it outright. Keeping this in mind, LEAPS were introduced, wherein an individual could participate in the long term market movements without significant capital at hand.
Head of Product Strategy for OptionsPlay OptionsPlay Tony Zhang is a specialist in the financial services industry with over a decade of experience spanning product development, research and market strategist roles across equities, foreign exchange and derivatives.
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Agustín Jáuregui
Agustín Jáuregui (HM2DTE)
Location: Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 03920
Country: Mexico
Buy Mexico flags at!
N 19° 22.341', W 99° 11.046'
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 En esta casa residió el Licenciado Don Agustín Jáuregui, uno de los mártires de Tacubaya, sacrificado el 11 de abril de 1859.Dirección de Monumentos Coloniales.English translation:
In this house resided Agustín Jáuregui, one of the martyrs of Tacubaya, sacrificed on April 11, 1859.Office of Colonial Monuments
Placed ByDirección de Monumentos Coloniales
Marker ConditionNo reports yet
Date Added Thursday, January 24th, 2019 at 4:01pm PST -08:00
Locationbig map
UTM (WGS84 Datum)14Q E 480666 N _PHONE_
Decimal Degrees19.37235000, -99._PHONE_
Degrees and Decimal MinutesN 19° 22.341', W 99° 11.046'
Degrees, Minutes and Seconds19° 22' 20.46" N, 99° 11' 2.76" W
Driving DirectionsGoogle Maps
Closest Postal AddressAt or near 74a Campana, Ciudad de México Ciudad de México 03920, MX
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Caribbean art is strong, passionate and filled with contradictions. As are the lives of the three men who are the main characters in the book Three Caribbean Artists. A rare glimpse is offered into the lives of three different artists, their upbringing, work and how they became established and well-known artists. Their story relates to the island of Curaçao, where folklore, magic and reality happily co-exist. The story of Jose-Maria Capricorne, Nelson Carrilho and Philippe Zanolino reflects the impact of slavery, racism and immigration, common to the history of the Caribbean. Equipped with their cultural background, skills derived from being craftsmen plus ample creativity and grit, they each conquered significant challenges encountered in their lives. All three artists passionately contribute to educating people on the importance and benefits of art in their own respective ways.
Two international art historians, Susan Wilczak from the United States and Marianne de Tolentino from Santo Domingo, tell the story of the lives of each of these three artists and what has formed them. In addition, an overview is provided of art developments in the Caribbean, an area that has proven challenging to capture and denominate art-wise. The artist's stories gravitate around the importance of their respective skills, some obtained through teachings and others self-taught.


My teammates, a doctor, engineer, geologist and biologist, will work together as a team to solve the mysteries of water at the Moon's south pole. My teammates all have different talents because they all have different jobs to do. Solar panels on the moon would help future astronauts with communicating, seeing, heating, cooking, power for technology, robots, vehicles and more. When the astronauts land on the lunar surface, they will construct the solar panels for energy to find frozen water in the dark, deep craters on the south pole of the beautiful moon.