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Improving the understanding of disaster risks in Europe is an important step towards effective disaster risk reduction, and constitutes the basis for planning emergency preparedness and response to emergencies and disasters in Europe. The Overview of Risks is one of the disaster prevention measures foreseen under the Union Civil Protection Mechanism. At the same time, it represents one of the European Commission's main commitments set out in the Action Plan for the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Its launch coincides with the participation of the European Commission at the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction, last May in Cancun, Mexico. The Overview of Risks compiles outcomes of disaster risk assessments undertaken at national levels across Europe and cross-references them with scientific and other data. The analysis highlights the predominant attention given to disaster risks such as flood, extreme weather, forest fire, industrial accidents and the disruption of critical infrastructure. Other disaster risks such as pandemics, radiological accidents, terrorism, cybercrime, earthquakes and animal diseases are also of particular importance to emergency management authorities across Europe.
The Overview of Risks is available at: _URL_


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Description of the habitat
Lowland hay meadows are very blossomy and species-rich, meadow communities on dry to wet-dry, mostly fresh sites. Characteristically, they have a multitude of blooming herbs and numerous low, middle and high grasses, making these meadows look diverse and colourful. Corresponding to the local conditions and the cultivating methods, there is an abundance of forms of the habitat. The numerous low-nutrient indicators are characteristic for lowland hay meadows. Additionally, one often finds endangered plant species.
Situation and endangerment of the habitat in the project area
Lowland hay meadows occur nationwide on nutrient-low sites which are used respectively. The main transmission area is in the southwest of Luxembourg. The main impairment lies within the intensifying agriculture. Fertilisation, early and abundant cuts, high livestock density and drainage lead to the loss of the habitat. Another problem is caused by the loss of surface area through construction.
Provisions within the project
Purchase of 30 ha. Extensification of the use and, if needed, renaturation of the meadows and resettlement of highly endangered plant species.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Image: Deinonychus attacking
Deinonychus attacking a plant-eater.
- Michael Skrepnick
- © Michael Skrepnick
This illustration of Deinonychus antirrhopus hunting an plant-eater is based on fossils from Montana. These fossils provided some evidence for pack-hunting as all these dinosaurs apparently died at the same time. However, it is also possible that their deaths were due to fighting over the recent kill, rather than co-operative hunting.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Internet access can be a pain in the rear for people living in rural areas, but a solution could be high in the sky.
According to the New Zealand Herald, Google has been testing a new Internet technology by floating large WiFi balloons over various locations in New Zealand to see if it is a better method for gaining Internet access in remote areas of the world. The technology is cheaper than laying down fiber cables or other methods of Internet distribution, which makes it an intriguing option.
Google Balloon Internet better known as Project Loon sent large helium-filled balloons up to 20 kilometers into the stratosphere that would receive a signal from an antenna attached to the user's home. The signal bounces between balloons to a main ground station. Eventually the signal would be sent back to an Internet user's computer on the ground.
The first person to utilize this technology was Charles Nimmo, a dairy farmer near the small town of Leeston.
He was one of 50 people in the area who signed up to participate in the Project Loon experience.
"It's been weird," said Nimmo of the project. "But it's been exciting to be part of something new."
Prior to the research project Nimmo had been using satellite Internet services after abandoning dial-up access four years ago. He sees the new technology as being a better alternative than satellite because the cost should be reduced. Nimmo's satellite bill has exceeded $1,000 in a month before.
Like many farmers the very first thing Nimmo did when he had Internet access was to look at the weather.


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Our iPhones and iPads are fast little beasts, but it can still take a long time to load up an app you need in a pinch. A new team of engineers, however, have figured out a way to allow iOS to read your mind and start launching the next app you need before you even tap its icon.
The technology is called predictive caching, and it works similarly to predictive texting. Using predicting caching, your iPhone or iPad would scrutinize your behavior while using your device, and start putting together a database of how you use your apps.
When it's learned enough about how you use your iPhone or iPad, it would know, for instance, that you tend to always launch Facebook in the mornings right after you check your mail using Sparrow. Knowing this, as soon as you load up Sparrow over your first cup of coffee in the morning, your iPhone could begin caching assets for Facebook, guaranteeing that when you switch apps, it's a quick and seamless experience.
The concept has been coded together by Tingxin Yan from UMass Amherst, who found that predictive cachine actually improves the average app's boot time by 70 percent, for just a 2% battery hit.
Seems worth it to me: app loading times have a lot to do with a device's perceived speed. Unfortunately, predictive caching is a tech in its infancy, and it could be a while yet — or never! — before Apple decides to implement something like this in iOS.
- Source New Scientist


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, Rose and Mary Elting. Math Fun: Test Your Luck. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: J. Messner, 1992. Public Juv QA273.16.W95 1992. Using a format reminiscent of a magazine, black and white cartoons and varied fonts, this supplementary math book explores probability. All problems are more like games and experiments than math problems. They are word based and give succinct answers immediately following the question asked. Grades 4-9.
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Open creo element and make a new file for solid part. In main window select the front plane and click at sketch icon so we can sketch our desire shape for this tutorial
In sketching window select "center rectangle tool", to make a symmetric rectangle, and draw a rectangle with 300×200 dimension as shown in fig. after this just click at green ok button.
When you return to main window from sketching window select the extrude tool and make solid protrusion up to 30 unit depth and press ok button.Now select the surface of solid rectangle and click at sketch icon.
In sketching window make small circle with dimension and placement as shown in fig and press ok so you can return to main window.
Now use extrude feature to make through hole in it (use extrude solid cut). After making the hole select the hole and click at pattern tool icon.In pattern menu select the curve option.
The creo will ask you to select or define a curve for pattern. So click at reference tab and click at define button.
A dialog box will open. Now you can either select the surface of solid rectangle or you can use "use previous" option. after selecting any option click at sketch button in that dialog box. this will lead you in sketching window.
IN sketching window use spline tool and make a sketch as shown in fig. you can even draw a curve of your choice. Draw the curve and click ok.
After clicking ok in sketching window you will see some black dots following the curve you just draw. This is showing the pattern of hole that we want to make.
At dashboard and in the pattern feature menu you will have two options to control your pattern. Either you can specify the distance between two consecutive black dots or you can specify the total number of hole that should be generated.
i specify the total numbers to 10 and click ok button. This will generate our desired pattern.


Solidarity Trumps Fear: Cuba is a Model for Global Health in the 21st Century
Abstract / Resumen / Resumo
In the height of the COVID-19 pandemic Cuba offered its own health care workers to countries struggling to cope with enormous health care demands. While Cuba has a long-standing history of sending health workers to countries in the Americas, for the COVID-19 pandemic, Cuba offered its resources to affluent countries such as Italy and Spain. This article discusses how, and why, Cuba is so well positioned to offer medical cooperation to other countries in times of pandemics, and why it offers a compelling model of cooperation and solidarity in times of pandemics.


small gold concentration
small gold concentration
in chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. a concentration can be any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently solutes and solvents in solutions.inquire now
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determination of size and concentration of gold
determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from uvvis spectra wolfgang haiss,*,, nguyen t. k. thanh,, jenny aveyard, and david g. fernig centre for nanoscale science, department of chemistry, university of liverpool, crown street l69 7zd, u.k., andinquire now
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the production of gold concentrate decreases as less space remains for movement of the heavies and more small gold ore particles. upward pulsations may be augmented to move the heavier jig bed but the operation will in the end turn uneconomic, as recovery drops and more gold is lost to the tailing.inquire now
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concentration of gold oresartisanal gold council
concentration of gold oresa key to reducing mercury use in artisanal and small scale gold mining. posted 3rd june 2012 by kevin telmer. in artisanal gold mining, mercury is essentially used to concentrate the gold. it does this by bonding with the gold to form a heavy amalgam that is then easily separated from the other minerals.inquire now
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what is kids' attention gold? kids' attention gold is a special blend of herbs traditionally used to support focus and concentration, which can be helpful for children with attention deficit and/or hyperactivity concerns. these conditions can adversely affect the ability to pay attention or control impulsiveness and restlessness.inquire now
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jun 01, 20180183;32;for the small gold nanorods capable of photoacoustic imaging ability, 3% agarose was used as a tissuemimicking phantom to mimic tissue scattering. firstly, the small gold nanorods with different concentration 0, 2.5, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 g/ml were mixed with agarose.inquire now
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jig machine, jig machine suppliers and manufacturers at small gold ore dressing equipment gravity concentration jig. small gold ore dressing equipment gravity concentration jig offers 11442 jig machine products. about 39% of these are mineral separator, 2% are filling machines, and 1% are other metal amp; metallurgy machinery.inquire now
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facile synthesis of concentrated gold nanoparticles with
jul 06, 20110183;32;the citrate reduction method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles gnps has known advantages but usually provides the products with low nanoparticle concentration and limits its application. herein, we report a facile method to synthesize inquire now
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maximizing dna loading on a range of gold nanoparticle sizes
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artisanal and smallscale gold mining without mercury
concentration means increasing the amount of gold in ore or sediment, by selectively removing lighter particles. 160;if employed effectively, concentration methods can eliminate or greatly reduce the need for mercury. before concentration can begin, ore must be crushed or milled to liberate gold particles from rock and to decrease grain size.inquire now
there is gold in seawater, but we can't get at itatlas
mar 23, 20170183;32;there is gold in seawater, but we cant get at it from scams to mad science, the quest for the oceans riches continues.the gold just happens to be an enticing natural side effect.inquire now
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aug 31, 20170183;32;jxsc website:, this small hard rock gold mining plant is with 12 tph capacity, including jaw crusher, belt conveyor, small gold hammer inquire now
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Industry—including drug, medical device and biotechnology companies—is now the leading funder of medical research, and a major sponsor of continuing medical education. Industry also funds guidelines designed to help translate medical research into practice.
In response to growing concern about conflicts of interest and threats to objectivity in medical research, education and practice stemming from industry funding, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened an expert committee that developed principles and recommendations on preventing conflicts of interest and produced a report that was publicly released in September 2009.
Project Director Marilyn J. Field, PhD, and staff at the IOM cited these results to RWJF:
- The IOM published Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice in September 2009. The report proposed principles for assessing conflict of interest and conflict of interest policies and suggested how to identify, limit and manage conflicts of interest without undermining beneficial collaborations with industry.
- The IOM also published two briefs, one providing an overview of the report and the other focusing on conflicts of interest in research.
Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice included several key findings, including:
- The central goal of conflict of interest policies in medicine is to protect the integrity of professional judgment and to preserve public trust, rather than to remediate bias and mistrust after they occur.
- The disclosure of individual and institutional financial relationships is a critical but limited first step in identifying and responding to conflicts of interest.
- Accrediting groups and public and private health insurers can promote adoption of conflict of interest policies and a culture of accountability to sustain professional norms and public confidence in medicine.
- If medical institutions do not act voluntarily to strengthen their conflict of interest policies and procedures, pressure for external regulation is likely to grow.
Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice offered 16 recommendations, including:
- Medical institutions should establish conflict of interest policies that require disclosure and management of both individual and institutional financial ties to industry.
- The content, format and procedures for disclosing the financial relationships physicians and researchers have with industry should be standardized.
- Reducing Potential Bias in Industry-Funded Nutrition Research September 1, 2009
- Antimicrobial Resistance and the Ethics of Drug Development November 1, 2006
- Meeting Highlights: How Partnerships Between Academic Health Centers and the Health Industry May Affect Medical Decision-Making October 6, 2008
- About this grant


Barcodes FAQ
See our help section for information about BarcodesInc ordering and policies.
 1. General Barcoding
 2. UPC Number and UPC Barcode
 1. Do I need a UPC number?
 2. How do I get a UPC number?
 3. How much does a UPC number cost?
 4. What is a UPC barcode?
 5. Can I print my own UPC barcodes?
 3. Barcode Printing
 4. Barcode Scanning
 5. Mobile Computers
 6. ID Card Printing
General Barcoding
How does a barcode work?
A barcode essentially is a way to encode information in a visual pattern that a machine can read. The combination of black and white bars (elements) represents different text characters which follows a set algorithm for that barcode type. If you change the sequence of elements you get different text. A barcode scanner reads this pattern of black and white that is then turned into a line of text your computer can understand.
Is the price of my item in the barcode?
A barcode can hold any type of text information you encode but with product labels the price in not usually encoded. The barcode will denote what product it is and your POS software or database will have pricing information associated to this.
What is a 1D (linear) barcode? What is a 2D barcode?
A 1D (linear) code is the typical "picket fence" style barcode that people are most familiar with. There are several versions of 1D codes and some encode only numbers while others can encode any keyboard character. All the information in the code is organized horizontally from left to right. These types of codes can be read by any type of barcode scanner. 2D barcodes are a bit more complex as they organize information vertically and horizontally. This allows 2D codes to hold much more information and take up less space than a 1D code. 2D codes require an imager scanner to be read properly.
One Dimensional (1D) BarcodeTwo Dimensional (2D) Barcodes
UPC QR code PDF417 Datamatrix
How many characters can fit into a barcode?
Depending on the specific barcode type, 1D barcodes can have from 20-25 characters while 2D codes go up to 2,000 characters. The main practical concern is that as you increase the amount of information in the barcode the bigger it will become. This is especially the case with 1D barcodes and in use most people encode 8-15 characters.
What is the barcode on a driver's license?
In the United States, driver's licenses use a PDF417 stacked 2D code.
How small can I make a barcode?
Barcodes can come in a wide range of sizes and can get down to a 1/8th inch square when using a 2D code. However, there is a trade off since making such a small code will limit the amount of characters you use and will require a high resolution label printer to ensure the quality of the print is still readable by a scanner. The smaller a code becomes the more difficult it is to read.
UPC Number and UPC Barcode
Do I need a UPC number?
If you sell products to a distributor or a retailer, you will typically need a UPC barcode. If you are not sure, it is best to contact the company selling your product to find out their policy on UPC barcodes. When you obtain your UPC number, you will also get a certificate authenticating your number. Most retailers require proof of the certificate to verify that your number is unique and authorized.
UsageUPC needed?
Tracking internal inventory No
Selling products directly to customers No
Selling products through a distributor or retailer Most of the time
(Contact your distributor or retailer to be sure)
Selling products through a major national store Always
How do I get a UPC number?
Only GS1 US can issue you a globally unique "GS1 Company Prefix" that is used to create UPC numbers.
Follow this link for all the information you need to start this process: Apply for a UPC Barcode
How much does a UPC number cost?
The fee is determined by the number of unique products you need to identify and as well as gross sales revenue.
Because the prices vary so greatly, only GS1 can give you an accurate cost for this.
What is a UPC barcode?
You are probably familiar with the barcodes you see on most packaged products. These barcodes are in the UPC-A code format. It is 12 digits long and looks something like this:
This first component, the UPC Company Prefix, is between 6 and 10 digits long, and is assigned to you by GS1. The number of digits is determined by how many products you will need to assign numbers to. So if you have thousands of products, your company prefix will need to be fewer digits. If you have just a few products, your company prefix will likely be closer to 10 digits long. This company prefix number will represent you as the manufacturer on all of your products, as well as in any EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) applications.
The second component is your unique number used to reference a specific product. It is called an "Item Reference Number." This number is not assigned by GS1- it is up to the manufacturer to assign the unique Item Reference Number for a given product.
The last number is a check digit calculated from the previous 11 digits. It is not randomly assigned. The barcode label printing software you use to create your labels will calculate this check digit for you. You can contact BarcodesInc for help with selecting a label printing software to meet your business needs.
Can I print my own UPC barcodes?
Yes! Once you have your unique GS1 number, contact BarcodesInc for assistance with selecting a barcode label printer, barcode software, and barcode labels.
Barcode Printing
What is the difference between direct thermal (DT) and thermal transfer (TT)?
Direct thermal is a printing process that uses a label coated with a heat sensitive layer and does not use ribbon/ink to print. An image is burned into the paper where with thermal transfer you use a ribbon to print onto the label. Direct thermal will fade over time (aproximately 1 year) and is not a good choice for environments with higher temperatures or exposure to sunlight. Thermal transfer print is a more permanent solution and will not fade.
What does 'DPI' mean?
DPI stands for Dots Per Inch and is a measure of a printer's resolution. The higher the number the finer the print will be. Most applications are suitable at 203 dpi but in cases where logos/images or very small labels are being made you will want 300 or 600 dpi.
How many labels are on a roll?
The number of labels per roll will depend on how tall the label is. The shorter the label the more you will get per roll.
How do I make a barcode label?
Once you have a barcode label printer and media you will need barcode label design software to create and print a label. In this software you can place barcodes, text, and images to fit your design requirements and then send the print job to your printer.
What is a 'dispenser'?
A dispenser is an accessory feature available on most label printers that will peel the backing off of the label as it comes out of the printer. This is very useful for applications that will apply the label immediately after print since it saves time for the user. It can also be disabled if not needed.
What is the difference between 'desktop' and 'tabletop' printers?
Label printers are divided into two categories based off of their size and maximum print duty cycle. Desktop printers are smaller and best for low volume applications such as office labeling or a small retail store. Tabletop printers are meant for making hundreds or thousands of labels daily and are physically more robust to handle harsher environments.
Barcode Scanning
How does a barcode scanner work?
A barcode scanner picks up the alternating black and white elements of the barcode which follow a specific algorithm that is turned into a corresponding text string by the scanner. This information is then sent over to your computer by the scanner no different than a standard keyboard does. This string of text will populate where ever your cursor is on screen at that time.
Do I need any special software to use a scanner?
Barcode scanners do not require any special software or driver to function properly. They will emulate a keyboard and will be recognized by your computer as a general input device.
How far is the range of a cordless barcode scanner?
The range of a cordless barcode scanner does vary by model but most units use Bluetooth (Class 2) technology and have a range of 33 feet. Some of the rugged barcode scanners will use Class 1 Bluetooth which has a range of over 300ft.
Can I read a barcode off of a screen?
In order to read a barcode off of a screen you will need to have a 2D imaging scanner as it processes images as opposed to reflected light. A standard laser barcode scanner will not be able to read anything from a screen.
Is a laser scanner dangerous?
Barcode scanners use a Class II laser which is not harmful to your body or eyes.
How long is the cable on a scanner?
Most barcode scanners come with a 6 foot cable but longer lengths are available for many models.
Can my scanner read a 2D barcode?
2D barcodes do require a specific type of scanner called a 2D Imager. The common laser barcode scanner reads codes by reflecting light from the black and white lines of a barcode and since the laser is a single line it only reads horizontally across the barcode. An imager takes a picture of the barcode and analyzes this to decode the


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Thu September 20, 2012
Colorado's 'Deeply Spiritual' Chimney Rock To Be A National Monument
Originally published on Thu September 20, 2012 10:22 am
The designation, which President Obama will approve and that has bipartisan support, will help preserve the site.
Chimney Rock is, The Denver Post writes:
"Deeply spiritual to the Puebloan people and other tribes. Ancestors used the rock to see 'lunar standstills' — a phenomenon that happens every 18.6 years, when the moon rises exactly between the two stone pillars of Chimney Rock."
In his statement confirming the news, Bennet says Chimney Rock "contains the rare combination of a spectacular geologic formation with extraordinary cultural, historical and archeological significance."
The Chimney Rock Interpretive Association says the site "was home to the ancestors of the modern Pueblo Indians 1,000 years ago and is of great spiritual significance to these tribes. Their ancestors built over 200 homes and ceremonial buildings high above the valley floor, probably to be near the sacred twin rock pinnacles."
According to The Durango Herald, the designation will safeguard "the ruins of a thousand-year-old great house connected to the Chaco Culture of present-day New Mexico" as well as the two spires. The newspaper adds that:
"Leaders of the New Mexico Pueblos that are home to the descendants of Chimney Rock applauded the news.
" 'The story of my tribe, the Pueblo of Acoma, and our history is intimately connected to Chimney Rock. This place is still sacred to my people, and we are glad to see it will now be protected for our children and grandchildren,' said Chandler Sanchez, chairman of the All Indian Pueblo Council, in a news release."
By the way, according to the Interpretive Association "the next opportunity to view the major lunar standstill at Chimney Rock will not be until approximately 2022." What could you see? "At sunset near the day of the Winter Solstice during the major standstill, the full moon rises exactly between the stone pillars, caught in this thin window of sky, and is visible only from this one vantage point."


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The Black Voice News
California has a history steeped in Black people who were formerly enslaved, freed, and during and after slavery expanded to the West Coast. The mountains were formidable barriers to travel and many came by sea. Those who came into Southern Calif. by land came through the Cajon Pass.
One of these people was James Hamilton. Born in 1822, he was the first resident who wasn't a native Indian to live in the Anza area. The year he arrived was 1873, just 12 years after the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by President Abraham Lincoln.
According to the "San Jacintos" by John F. W. Robinson and Bruce Risher, Hamilton was sometimes called "Uncle Jim" or "Nigger Jim" even the downgrade rode to Anza was known as "Nigger Jim" Grade. After traveling west from Ohio with an 1847 Mormon wagon train, he lived with Sioux Indians and in the early 1850s he arrived in San Bernardino.
He tried to homestead a claim on Mexican land and because the claim was not valid he moved on to Vail Lake, an area close to Temecula. There he and his children were again unsuccessful in staking a claim. His third try was a charm. He successfully obtained 160 acres located in the area of present day Anza. Even by today's standards he and his sons built a sizable ranch.
Hamilton and his sons, Joe, Henry, and Frank suffered discrimination living in the area. In 1897 two years before his own death, his son Frank, who was a lawman, was murdered.
The family remained in the area. Several sections of the land homesteaded by Hamilton included the area of Kenworthy, Cahuilla Valley and Anza Valley. Lincoln the last of the Hamilton cowboys died in 1976.
Today Hamilton's presence is still obvious in the naming of Hamilton Creek and Hamilton School and the Hamilton Museum.
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You are hereCastle Hill, Thetford
Castle Hill, Thetford
Castle Hill (Castle Mound or Military Parade) is the remains of Thetford's second castle, a 12th century motte and bailey castle which replaced the towns earlier 11th century Red Castle. Possibly built by Roger Bigod (Died 9 September 1107), Castle Hill is thought to be the second largest man made earth work in England and the motte was the centre piece of the fortification, positioned here to stand guard over Thetford and the crossing of the Little Ouse River and and River Thet by the Icknield Way (Nun's Bridges).
Possibly due to the large size of the of the mound there are several legends associated with it. One story is linked the creation of the nearby Devil's Ditch at Garboldisham. When the Devil had finished creating this ditch he made Castle Hill by scraping the excess dirt from his boot or spade. It is said that you can summon the Devil by walking around the hill seven times at midnight. There is also a few buried treasure legends associated with Castle Hill. It is suggested that the mound covers a huge mansion filled with treasure. Another story has five golden bells buried in the earthwork.


Deploy AI on your existing MCU
STMicroelectronics are offering a set of AI solutions for its family of 32-microcontrollers. This solution makes it possible to use your existing microcontroller to run on DNNs. This development makes it possible for microprocessors to create and run DNNs themselves.
Artificial Neural Network (ANN), is a neural network, consisting of more than two layers (input, output layers and as a minimum one more) and are characterised by a certain amount of complexity. These networks are designed to deal with mathematical modeling, and to process data in more sophisticated way. ANN is widely used in AI applications.
STMicroelectronics' AI solution, called STM32Cube.AI is an extension pack, that allows users to run ANNs, enabling AI on the existing STM32 microcontrollers.
The AI enabling process is very straightforward, and consists of few steps.
First capturing physical data occurs by using a variety of sensors, like light, temperature, humidity and others. Data capturing and control can be performed using the ST BLE Sensor app for smartphones. Physical data capture can be performed with the SensorTile module, offering huge functionality.
After physical labelling, data sets are characterised and assigned to specific outputs. The developer can decide what ANN topology they will use for a desired application. Assigned sets of data are then used for ANN training.
STMicroelectronics and partners like Bluewind, Neovision, Cartesiam, NALBI, SIANA Systems, Leonard+Bauer, provide engineering services to support ANN architects and data scientists.
Second, data should go through neural networks in order optimise proper error criteria and create pre-trained ANN. Mentioned above STM32Cube.AI software tool allows this step.
Next, pre-trained ANNs should be converted into optimised code suitable for running on an MCU. ST also helps designers to prototype desired applications using Function Packs. These Function Packs are a set of examples, combining embedded low-level drivers, middleware libraries and application samples, that can be used by developers as the template of their design.
Summing up, STM32Cube.AI offers developer popular deep learning training tools, sensing tools, and allow ANNs to run on existing STM32 MCUs, plus many more functional possibilities.


There were 806 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 219,440 in the last 365 days.
How to create new product and service innovations through experimentation?
WhereOS helps your to open your data to 3rd party developers and speed up your innovation work. You get more results with less resources.
Create multidisciplinary teams, open up your data to external developers to get new ideas, try and fail fast with prototypes, use an experimentation platform.
You can dramatically speed up your innovation process by opening your data to 3rd party developers"
— JP Partanen
HELSINKI, UUSIMAA, FINLAND, February 8, 2021 / -- What's the role of experimentation in product and service development?
You might want to create quick prototypes and show the value of your ideas for different stakeholders? We believe that experimentation is a way to take ad-hoc prototyping or proof-of-concepts to the next level, and have a comprehensive and well-defined way of working to create new innovative products and services. Furthermore, we believe that in the rapidly changing world it's becoming ever more important to continuously develop and refine your products and services to address the changing needs of your customers and evolving rules of business.
When you are planning to develop a new product or service out of the data you own, experimentation is a way to define the detailed plan how to move from raw data into actual solution that a) creates value for your identified target users, b) can be turned into high growth business and c) can be implemented identified set of technologies and algorithms.
When building a new product or service, we don't know in advance if the idea or new solution works in real life, or even know which problems are actually worth solving. In order to increase the understanding of the end user needs it's a good idea to develop the solution through experimentation, through agile steps. In other words, with experimentation, you can quickly test and verify ideas and take notice of what works and what doesn't – and eventually what creates the actual value for end users.
What does experimentation actually mean?
Experimentation consists usually of three different areas: technical feasibility, business viability or end user desirability. Experimentation not only means that you can save time and money from engineering work but also you can get really valuable insights about needs of different user demographics and ways you can sell or monetize the product or solution you are building.
In order to conduct experimentation, you need a cross-functional team:
1. User researches and designers who can work with end users to increase the understanding of their needs and propose well-thought concepts to solve the identified challenges
2. Data scientists, developers and architects who can define and evaluate different algorithms, architectures and technologies that are needed to create the product and
3. Business analysts and growth hackers to understand how the solution can be turned into profits, achieving a high growth business for the new product or service.
In the end, after a few iterations of experimentation, you should have a well-defined business and growth model, design for the solution, and plan for implementation, and can make the actual GO / NO-GO decision to invest into the new business.
How can you experiment with experts outside of your own organization?
In addition to the internal teams, large corporations can benefit from working with smaller companies and start-ups to enhance all three aspects of the experimentation process. Enabling 3rd parties to access your full data, we can find new innovative ways to utilize the data, as external developers or start-ups have different, fresh approaches on how the data can be turned into something valuable, or for example connect with their own data to create completely new kinds of products and solutions.
A technical experimentation environment or sandbox enables 3rd party developers to access data, fuse it with their own data, run different kinds of analytics and AI algorithms against the data and create end user products based on those. The key success factor for this type of environment is that it creates a common, secure way to access data from different parties, decreases the time needed for development of new experiments and makes it easier to work together across organizational boundaries.
From a 3rd party developer perspective the experimentation platform offers a way to get access to different data sources from large organizations, without having to discuss individual data integrations, formats, protocols, opening up firewalls, that quite often slow down or completely prevent innovative projects to proceed.
Experimentation with WhereOS platform
WhereOS enables quick integration of data from multiple sources and multiple formats. The WhereOS experimentation platform enables rapid data processing and development of APIs using data, and to expose the source data from various systems in a consistent manner for developers. On top of the APIs the experimentation platform enables development of SDK features that add further value on top of the APIs, to create actual UI applications for end users.
Experimentation is a great way to drive new innovation; in order to increase efficiency and decrease work hours you need to have right tools, processes and resources to work with. WhereOS is a good option, when you want to get more work done, fast with less effort.
JP Partanen, Chief Data Scientist
+358 50 _PHONE_
email us here


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Since 1970, per capita milk consumption has been in the 20s. It started out in the upper 20s ― 29.8 gallons of per capita fluid milk sales in 1970, to be exact ― and has fallen steadily ever since. Now, it's precariously close to falling out of the 20s and into the teens.
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, fluid milk sales totaled 53.739 billion pounds in 2011. If that number is divided by a U.S. population of 311.8 million in the middle part of last year, and then pounds are converted to gallons, the answer is 20.04. To read the USDA report, click here and go to Table 10.
On Monday, declining fluid milk consumption was the topic of this article in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
In the article, Vivian Godfrey, CEO of the Milk Processor Education Program, acknowledges, "Milk has lost out to other beverages, primarily bottled water."
Bottled water and soft drinks, through branding and innovative marketing, have been able to assume their own distinct identities, whereas milk is largely seen as a commodity.
One solution is to emphasize milk during certain times of day or during certain activities when it is most likely to be used relative to other beverages. Read "Promote milk by the 'occasion.'"


7 questions for Bruno Pozzi, Director of the Europe Office of the United Nations Environmental Program | 8 June 2019
8 June 2019
This year, the UN in Geneva is celebrating 100 years of modern multilateralism. Can you give us an example of how multilateralism has succeeded?
One of the most striking examples is the success of multilateralism in every area of politics. From its initial focus on peace between nations – a concept that is of course still central to multilateralism today – it has evolved to include many different facets. The founding fathers of multilateralism never imagined that one day States would come together to agree on what do to about challenges to world health or the environment, for instance. Multilateralism is sometimes described as under threat, when in fact it is very much alive and well, and part of every aspect of our lives.
That is its greatest success. On a more personal note, I believe that the future of multilateralism lies in its potential to impact areas such as the environment, which has become a vital political issue for all countries.
The Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987 and ratified since 1989, is one of the most successful multilateral agreements in history. Thanks to the Protocol, the ozone layer will likely reach full recovery in the Northern Hemisphere and mid-latitude regions by 2030, followed by the Southern Hemisphere in the 2050s and the Polar regions by 2060.
This resounding success demonstrates that multilateral action is essential, since environmental challenges like this are almost impossible to address at the State level.
What will world governance look like 20 to 30 years from now?
No one can predict the future, but as an international civil servant, I'm quite optimistic. The United Nations system is going through a process of reform, and the level of cooperation between agencies has increased considerably since this began. These reforms will enable us to reaffirm the role of the United Nations as a key player in world governance, by setting a high bar for our shared ambitions, while meeting our Member States' demand for improved efficiency.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of Geneva with regard to the development of world governance in the coming years?
Geneva is one of the historical birthplaces of world governance, and the city has evolved in tandem with multilateralism. It has both the necessary infrastructure and the political will to continue to serve as a global center of multilateralism. If I had to point out one weakness, it would be housing, which remains difficult to find, despite the Geneva government's proactive policy of welcoming the international community.
What internal reforms does UNEP need to implement to adapt to a fast-changing world and realize the SDG?
The first thing we need to do is to fully integrate UNEP in the reform process initiated by the Secretary-General of the UN. As a standard-setting, "non-resident" agency, our priority is to provide the scientific foundations necessary to understand key environmental issues and to encourage political decision-makers to come to grips with them based on science and to support them in implementing their decisions. To do so, we don't need to be present in every country where we have activities, but rather the UN reforms are an opportunity for us to work together as one by improving cooperation between resident UN coordinators. We need to strengthen our synergies with other UN agencies, and for this, being in Geneva is a real plus.
Lastly, the way we work with politicians and decision-makers can be extended to the private sector: we need to deliver a clear, easy-to-understand message about the environmental challenges facing businesses and offer solutions (or potential solutions) that are long term, renewable, and support sustainable consumption and production.
How do we need to communicate today to increase global awareness of climate challenges?
The challenge is to deliver a complex message in a simple way. We need to focus our communication efforts on issues that ordinary citizens can understand. That's one of the main challenges for our organization, whose central purpose is to produce science. Our most important publication, the "Global Environmental Outlook" (GEO), is the bible of environmental science, but it's 400 pages long! It contains everything you might want to know, but that information needs to be communicated simply. So we decided to "translate" this report into a short document of a dozen pages targeted at economic and political decision-makers. That's the first step. The next step is to continue educating the public. Education is as vital as communication: the aim is to increase environmental awareness and encourage behavioral change. That isn't as utopian as it might seem. Look at carpooling 30 years ago versus today. The reason it has become so popular is due in large part to the fact that people now are better informed about urban pollution and its causes. What seems like a pipe dream at a given time often becomes the norm just a few years later.
There are more than 399 NGO in Geneva. How do you plan to work with them?
We already work closely with many non-governmental organizations, in Geneva and elsewhere. These relationships are essential for us, both to define projects and to implement them, but also to engage in a dialogue with civil society. As environmental questions are becoming central to our societies and starting to be seen as key political issues, we can expect NGOs to increasingly take an interest in them and get involved. We are always open to engaging with these organizations, as well as academia and citizen's groups.
The canton of Geneva recently launched a public consultation to define Geneva in 2050. How do you imagine Geneva in the future?
As a recent resident of Geneva, I'm impressed with the level of citizen engagement I observe here. If you ask me to imagine Geneva in 2050, I see a city that is open to the world and fully integrated within a cross-border, multicultural space. A space that is enriched by its diversity and its unique ecosystem, between the lake and the mountains. Its air quality is outstanding, thanks to the innovations and steps taken today, which will benefit the generation of 2050.
Bruno Pozzi Biography
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Direct and indirect object
Every sentence has a primary structure, in order to communicate something: subject, verb, and object.
In this page, we're going to learn what types of objects exist. For that, we need to remember what an object is:
 An object is a person or thing involved in the action indicated in the sentence.
There are two types of objects:
Direct object
This indicates the sentence's object: the person or thing involved in the action and a response to what or who questions.
 - What does Lucas kick?
Example of direct object.Let's answer the following questions to better understand the example above:
 - Who is the sentence's subject?: Lucas
 - What is he doing?: He is kicking something.
 - What does he kick?: He kicks a ball.
In this order of ideas, ball is the direct object because it is receiving the action.
Indirect object
The other type of object is the recipient of the direct object. It answers the questions to whomfor whom, or for what. For example:
Example of indirect object.Let's repeat the last exercise:
 - Who's the subject?: Marcy
 - What action did Marcy do?: She "gave" something.
 - What did she give?: A painting
At this point, we know that the object is the painting.
 - To whom does she give the painting?: To her mother.
By answering to whom, we understand that her mother is the indirect object. It is the recipient of the direct object.
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The Century Index (1914, about 5kg) in Jery Slatzer's office says an index is from the Latin index meaning "a discoverer, informer, spy" or of things "an indicator, the forefinger, title, superscription"
I like the "discoverer, informer" part. That is what we mean by a server of which you can ask a question.
An index can be that which points,- like an index finger, or the index into an array. This emphasises that the index need not contain the data (wheras a databse usually does)
What we really mean by index in the W3 world is any algorithm taking human input and generating a view as a function of that input. There need not be a database, for example in the square-root server]


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Automatically run a program or launch / open a file in Windows 7
As we learned in the previous tutorial, Windows 7 allows you to create scheduled tasks with the Task Scheduler, to automatically perform a certain action on your computer; that tutorial gave you just enough to get started, and this tutorial will explain in detail how to open a certain file, open a web page in a specific web browser, and how to run a program or application and "pass arguments" to it.
Automatically open a program in Windows 7, and optionally pass arguments
Follow these steps to automatically run a program (with or without arguments), after you have started creating a scheduled task (see link above).
- We assume that you have already gone to Action > Create Basic Task, and that you have already define a trigger (a date / time setting, or an event).
- The next step is to select an Action: choose "Start a program", and click Next.
- Windows 7 will now show you the parameters you can pass to the program, from which start path to run the application, etc. - and you are presented with three fields:
- In the "Program/script Field", you need to supply a valid path to some kind of executable file: either a full-fledged application, a utility program, a batch file, or an executable Windows script.
Tech Tip: if you are using a custom script (a
VBS file, for example), you may need to pass the script file's path as argument, and use
wscript.exe instead under Program/script. If you have this level of experience with Windows scripting, you will know.
Pass a file as argument to your scheduled task
The previous tutorial focused on the quickest and easiest way to create a scheduled task in Windows 7, and so we simply passed a file name in "Program/script", to skip a step and let Windows define on its own the even handler (your default browser for a URL, your default mail handler for an email, etc.) But using both fields allow you to force Windows 7 to open a certain file type or protocol with an application of your own choosing. Example: if your default browser is Internet Explorer, and you want to automatically open a page in Firefox, just used Firefox as Program, and the URL as argument!
- After you have chosen your value for program, you need to enter some arguments that the selected application will execute; these arguments could be...
-...As simple as a switch (like "
/safe" to start Outlook 2007 in safe mode with all add-ins disabled)
-...As simple as a path to a local or network file, or remote URL
-...Or a complex mix of arguments including paths, switches, custom variables, etc. In other words, the more you delve into automated Windows management, the more creative solutions you will find to efficiently manage your own computer, or PC's on a network under your supervision.
- Finally, Windows 7 collects another optional text field under "Start in" - this is exactly the same setting you can customize for regular shortcuts, which forces the application in question to explicitly run in a particular path (necessary option if the program is internally referencing relative paths.
- Once you have finished, click on the Next button, and then on Finish to finalize the creation of the scheduled task. The task will automatically run the program or open the file at the trigger date, time, or event you have specified in the parameters.
Caveat: don't forget to surround any path under "Program/script" with double-quotes if it contains spaces, otherwise Windows 7 will consider the word(s) following the first space as being arguments onto themselves. (You will get a notice from Task Scheduler if this is the case.)up ↑


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Most of you had created many programs for various purpose. But have you ever thought of some animation in your program..
Here I am going to mention a small tutorial on creating a blinking text effect. It is for pure beginners.
First of all open the Visual Basic using Start>Programs>Microsoft Visual Studio>Visual Basic 6.0.
Then select Standard EXE and click open.
You will get a blank Form.
From the toolbox(in left side), select Command Button and create two buttons in your form(say, Command1 and Command2).
Also, create a Timer in your form(say, Timer1)
Then open the code window(View menu> View Code).
Then write the code as below:
Private Sub Command1_Click() Timer1.Interval = 100 'interval of the timer Timer1.Enabled = True'starting the animation Label1.Caption = "Welcome" 'text to display End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Timer1.Enabled = False'stopping the animation End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Timer1.Enabled = False 'disabling the animation on loading the form End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() If Label1.Visible = True Then 'checking whether it is visible Label1.Visible = False 'if visible then, make it invisible ElseIf Label1.Visible = False Then 'checking whether it is invisible Label1.Visible = True 'if invisible then, make it visible End If End Sub
I had included most of the comments in the code itself. I think you understand my coding. If you have any doubt, please feel free to contact me....
-Akhilesh B Chandran


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Canada and the United States are countries of immigrants. Their electorates are diverse, and include people from different ethnic, cultural, religious, and sexual backgrounds. But the history of each nation includes just one example of the highest office in the land being held by someone other than a white man.
A new, bi-national public opinion poll from the Angus Reid Institute finds Americans and Canadians nearly unanimous in their willingness to vote for a woman for president or prime minister, and similarly enthusiastic about supporting a Jewish or Indigenous candidate.
Fewer than half of all Americans (47 per cent) say they could vote for a Muslim presidential candidate, and respondents in both countries are divided as to whether they could cast a ballot for a candidate who covers his or her head for religious reasons.
There are also significant gaps on both sides of the border, between those who say they could vote for diverse candidates, and those who say the chances of such candidates becoming head of government is probable in the next 25 years.
- Younger respondents on both sides of the border are more open to voting for diverse candidates than older age groups
- American respondents are deeply divided along political lines when it comes to these issues, while Canadians are divided along regional lines
- The vast majority of respondents in both nations say they could vote for a national leader who is a woman, but there are significant differences between countries on atheist and LGBTQ candidates
Link to the poll here: _URL_


Last Word: The pipe dream of America
Rachelle Jones, Contributing Writer
 Every country attempts to provide opportunities for the citizens who reside in its borders and attempts to ensure that all individuals in their state can succeed. However, no country comes close to offering the opportunities that America, the greatest country on earth, provides for its citizens.
 The University Democrats analyzed the American Dream, explaining that such a dream has not been attainable, and still is out of reach, for certain types of Americans. While there is no doubt that the American Dream has not always been available to African Americans, women and other minorities, I disagree that the dream is still unattainable due to discrimination today. America is the land of opportunity. Regardless of sexual orientation, gender or race all Americans can pursue the education they want, obtain the job they are qualified for and raise a family in the manner they choose.
 First off, the American dream is attainable to women. Although discrimination does occur, institutional sexism does not exist and is not holding women back in America. We are the century of strong women. We work both outside and inside the home as we provide for our families and strive to accomplish our professional goals. We are the era of tough women like Ivanka Trump, Serena Williams and Niki Halley.
 Through hard work, women can achieve everything men can. This does not mean women do not have barriers to overcome. Society must address concerns such as sexual assault and human trafficking. However, all in all women are afforded the same opportunities as men and have just as much a chance to live the American Dream. If anything, women receive unfair advantages due to affirmative action policies.
 Secondly, the successes of African Americans prove that minority individuals are achieving the American Dream just as whites are. Take the story of Ben Carson, a neurosurgeon and former presidential candidate. Carson was born in poverty and his parents divorced when he was a child.
Carson, through education and hard work, broke free from poverty and became an American success story. Furthermore, Barack Obama, Mia Love and Tiger Woods are testaments that the American Dream is attainable for all. However, there are concerns that must be addressed in our African American communities.
 One concern is poverty, often stemming from single parent households. A second concern is abortion, as this is a leading cause of death of African Americans in the US. African Americans are three times as likely to be aborted as white babies, and abortion clinics target these individuals. Around 80% of all abortion facilities are in minority areas (Black Dignity). If you do want to talk racism, abortion is the key area in which African Americans are targeted.
 I believe that our LGBT citizens can also achieve the American Dream. Gay marriage is legal and the Republican Party is becoming more supportive of gay marriage every day. Anderson Cooper, Robin Roberts and Ellen DeGeneres prove that sexual orientation is not holding LGBT individuals back from success.
 Overall, the American Dream is attainable for all, regardless of characteristics such as race, gender, orientation and other factors. However, discrimination does occasionally occur against minority groups and it is up to all American citizens to stand up for those being treated unfairly. Furthermore, it is important to understand your rights under the law. The women who inaccurately note the fake wage gap seem to forget that in the rare case they are being discriminated against in terms of pay, they have a legal right to take action.
 On the topic of protests, I feel that protesting the national anthem is a poor way to express your feelings about police brutality or discrimination. Yes, it is your right to do so under freedom of speech, and I do not believe that right should be taken away. However, if you are making $2 million a year and driving a Lamborghini, calling yourself oppressed is laughable to people in countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ethiopia. Furthermore, when you protest police brutality but get arrested for domestic violence, as in the cases of Reuben Foster, your argument becomes extremely weak.
 While discrimination has certainly occurred in the past and is not eradicated in the present, everyone can achieve the American Dream. From Caitlyn Jenner to Condoleezza Rice, diverse individuals have reached milestones and have broken barriers. America is the land of opportunity—regardless of where you are born or what type of family you are born into, you can move up through hard work. America is truly the greatest country on earth, and if you believe the American Dream is not attainable to you, stop making excuses and work harder.
Rachelle is the President of the BU College Republicans. She is an Education Major.


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Computer Programming Team Scores
Photo: Courtesy of Angela Wu
On November 7, AU's computer programming team competed in the International Collegiate Programming Contest sponsored by IBM and ACM.
Nine AU students formed three teams of three people each. The contest was divided by region and site, with AU competing in the Mid-Atlantic Region division at the George Washington University site. One team ranked third place out of 22 teams at the GW site and 19th place out of the 161 teams in the entire Mid-Atlantic Region. Its members were undergraduates Priyadarshini Komala, BS computer science '12, and David Plassmann, BS computer science '10, and graduate student Michael Levin, MS computer science '10. Undergraduates Patrick Trebisacci, BS physics '12, Batbaatar Burentogtokh, BS computer science '12, and Reid Cumbest, BS computer science '03, composed the second team, and undergraduates Tai Vu, BS computer science '12 Michael Repas, BA philosophy '10 and Josh Reese, BS audio technology and computer science '10, composed the third.
In the contest, individual teams were given eight problems to solve in five hours, using the computer programming languages C++ or Java. Rankings were decided by how many problems the team completed and how quickly they were solved.
The team prepared for the contest since September, with weekly practices on Monday nights. Angela Wu, team advisor and computer science professor, says that she is most proud that the students worked well together while practicing and in competition.
"I think [the practices and competition] build community spirit," she says. "Our students are good, motivated students who look at this as fun."
Students from nearly 2,000 universities from over 80 countries in 6 continents participated in the competition.


Ontology explorer
Gene ontology
Version 2014-12-22
use AND (NOT) or OR
use AND (NOT) or OR
restrict to BRENDA links:
5 different search results found
Details for type IV pilus-dependent motility
Gene ontology ID
Any process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili. Includes social gliding motility and twitching motility
1. social gliding motility
2. TFP-dependent motility
3. TFP-dependent movement
4. twitching motility
5. type 4 pilus-dependent motility
6. type four pilus-dependent motility
1. GOC: go curators
2. PMID _PHONE_
is an element of the parent element
is a part of the parent element
is related to the parent element
derives from the parent element
// tissue/ enzyme/ localization link to BRENDA
Condensed Tree View
Gene ontology
Tree view
Gene ontology


Artists > Artist 33 of 57
Lyn Bungawanga
Lyn Bungawanga
Lyn's mother taught her the traditional pastime of weaving when she was a young girl. Lyn recalls sitting with her mother, grandmothers, aunties and cousins as the ladies wove and shared stories with one another. Whilst the women of the families, her father and uncles would often take her brothers and male cousins hunting and as an artist himself, also taught the importance of keeping culture strong through art.
Today, Lyn still collects pandanas daily and enjoys sharing her stories and weaving techniques with her children, grandchildren and extended family.
Dalabon, Jawoyn, Mayali
Maningrida : NT


text:
What is Micro-Segmentation
Micro-segmentation is the practice of dividing the online traffic of your website into separate smaller groups. This advanced technology uses a wider range of data points than traditional high-level segmentations to succeed in reaching out to visitors who share common interests and browsing patterns.
No business ever targets just one type of customer and, therefore, marketers need to understand who their customers are.
Once user data is analyzed, the experience targeting platform can segment users based on common attributes. The messages or content these segments receive are tailored to their needs. Analytics platforms share all kinds of information, needed for decision making in terms of micro and macro segmentation of audiences.
Good marketing experts are able to use user data and attributes such as geographic location, demographics, marketing channels, online behavior and more.
High-level segments are developed through these traditional methods but fragmentation is common.
One user could have identical preferences on two devices that are grouped together in one bucket, but it would not be possible for the same person to show identical preferences across two different buckets.


text:
Economic Display in tombstone and Life Expectancy Pattern
We tested the life expectancy between two categories of tombstone displays. One category was a flat tombstone, parallel to the ground and the other was a non-flat tombstone that would stand a minimum of 50 cm off the ground. We conducted this test to check for a significant difference between life expectancies of people of different economic status. To do this we used tombstones as economic indicators. Data was collected at a local cemetery. Ages of the deceased were obtained by subtracting the birth year from the death year. We did not find a significant difference in the life expectancy. A T-test revealed a 0.22 P-value.
Life expectancy, economic status
Our hypothesis is that the life expectancy of people of high economic status will be greater than those of lower economic status. People who have low economic status are usually not very well educated and may be more likely to have jobs that may require physical labor. On top of this, a study on socioeconomic position lead to show that people who live in poor areas have poor individual health (Robert 1999). As a result they endure more physical stress than people who are well educated. Worries about money can cause psychological stress. Physical and mental stress has been identified as predictors of illness (Custer 1985). People with low income often do not have access to healthcare or the resources to prevent illness. There two factors result in a lower life expectancy (Mirowsky and Ross 2000).
experiment was designed to test whether the tombstone of an individual,
the last displays of economic status and capability, would reveal a
in life expectancy. If the hypothesis is supported than the results
that those individuals with a non-flat tombstone have longer life
than those who had flat tombstones as they are less expensive than the
non-flats. The less expensive, flat tombstones would represent the
economic status and the non-flats would represent the higher economic
Methods and Materials
28, 2007 we collected data from
The life expectancies between the two groups of tombstones showed no significant difference. The one-tailed, type one T-test revealed a P-value of 0.22.
Fig. 1. Life expectancy at ages 0-105 between graves marked with a flat tombstone and a non-flat tombstone. A non-significant difference with a P-value of 0.22.
The T-test showed that there was not a significant difference between the life expectancy of people with flat and non-flat tombstones (p =.22). This data does not support our hypothesis that people with larger tombstones would have a higher life expectancy. There are a few studies that challenge the idea that socioeconomic status affects life expectancy. One of the opposing theories is that optimism and self-confidence can counterbalance the stress and health problems caused by low socioeconomic status (Mirowsky 2000).
Multiple studies have been done that show socioeconomic status does affect health, stress and life expectancy (Robert 1999). This suggests that our methods were flawed and tombstone size is not a good indicator of socioeconomic status. Size is not the only thing that is considered in the pricing of tombstones. The material it's made from and the amount of engraving change the price. Also, factors besides socioeconomic status could affect tombstone choice, such as religious beliefs, vanity, or whether the tombstone was chosen by the deceased or a relative. Many of the larger tombstones were actually family plots, so even if the tombstones were expensive the cost per person may be low.
Further research on the topic could include examining differences in life expectancies at different cemeteries. There might also be a difference between life expectancies of people who are cremated and people who are buried.
Custer, M. 1985. Stress, life events, and the epidemiology of wellness. Journal of Community Heath Nursing. 2:4; 215-222. Retrieved on 10.29.07 from JSTOR database.
Mirowsky, J., Ross, C. E. 2000. Socioeconomic status and subjective life expectancy. Social Psychology Quarterly. 63:2; 133-151. Retrieved 10.02.07 from JSTOR database.
Robert, S. A. 1999. Socioeconomic position and health: The independent contribution of community socioeconomic context. Annual review of Sociology. 25; 489-516. Retrieved on 10.02.07 from JSTOR database.


Car-a-mel or Car-mel? 3 Reasons for Syllabically Ambiguous Words
filed under: Words
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Do you say car-a-mel or car-mel? Is your "fire" closer to fah-yer or fayr? There is a group of words in English that can be pronounced with two different syllable structures, depending on dialect, personal preference, or context of use. While many will insist that one or the other is incontrovertibly correct, there is usually no real basis for pronouncements on the one true syllable structure. Sometimes two things can both be correct. If you need a better authority than me on that, lots of dictionaries accept both pronunciations for all the words discussed below (e.g., Merriam-Webster). What's more interesting than fighting about who's right is understanding why these differences arise. There are three processes that result in syllabically ambiguous words.
1. Diphthongs, r's, and l's
At least in their one-syllable versions. A diphthong is a glide from one vowel to another that takes place within one syllable. For example, the vowel sound in "hour" glides from "ah" to "oo." A diphthong is not always represented in the spelling of a word. The vowel sound in "fire" glides from "ah" to "ee."
The sounds that make up the second part of the diphthongs "oo" and "ee" can also serve as consonants when they start a syllable. "Win" starts in the "oo" position, but there, it is the consonant w. "Yes" starts in the "ee" position, but there, it is a y. (In technical terms, w and y are semivowels whose vowel/consonant status depends on whether they are in the nucleus of the syllable or at the edge of it.)
This kind of indeterminacy is all over the place. Think about "mower," "shower," "oil," "hair," "while," or any other diphthong followed by l or r. Think of a one or two syllable pronunciation for each of them. Even if you think one of them sounds totally weird, you can imagine someone saying it.
2. Syncope
One or Two Syllables: orange, poem, crayon
Two or Three Syllables: caramel, mayonnaise, family, chocolate, camera, different, separate, favorite
Three or Four Syllables: interesting, comfortable
Four or Five Syllables: laboratory
3. Epenthesis
Two or Three Syllables: realtor
Three or Four Syllables: mischievous
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Chicago & North Western Railroad Bridge
|Highways, Byways, And Bridge Photography|
C&NW Saint Croix River Crossing
||• Structure ID:
||River Mile 17.4.
||• River Elevation:
||Union Pacific Railroad.
||• Daily Traffic Count::
||5 Trains Per Day.
||• Bridge Type:
||Steel Truss With Swing Span.
||3,922 Feet (Estimated).
||• Navigation Channel Width:
||• Height Above Water:
||• Date Built:
This is a bridge that I know very little about. It was built by the
Chicago, Milwaukee, Saint Paul, and Omaha Railroad, which became the
Chicago & North Western, which is now the Union Pacific Railway.
The railroad bridge at this location dates back to 1872, but likely
has been upgraded or replaced since then. The bridge is still in
operation, and it frequently opens and closes in the summertime.
This bridge is located in an area of the Saint Croix where sandbars
naturally occur. The bridge is located close to the Minnesota shore,
and connects to a long causeway built across a relatively wide part
of the Saint Croix river. On the Wisconsin side, the causeway branches
off into two different wye-configurations. One branch of the second
wye runs along the river shore, crossing a dam that holds back a tributary
of the river forming Lake Mallalieu. The river crossing paths vary from 3,150
feet to as much as 4,550 feet. Only one path currently has rails, which
supports the Union Pacific mainline. That path is approximately 3,922 feet.
Each of the four paths coming out of the two wye junctions has a small
bridge where it connects to the Wisconsin shore.
The photo above was taken from the old US-12 causeway that is part of the
old highway toll bridge that once connected Minnesota and Wisconsin. The
view is looking northwest towards the Minnesota shore on the west side of
the river. The photo below is looking north towards the swing span as
seen from a riverside park on the Minnesota side of the Saint Croix River.
These two photos are views looking southeast from the edge of the river
bluffs just off of Minnesota highway MN-95. The photo above is the swing
span, which is in the open position. The photo below are the two fixed
bridges spans. The larger is a through truss, while the shorter span is
a pony truss. The land directly behind the bridge is a natural sandbar.
The causeway in the background is the roadway leading to the old US-12
These two photos are more views from the river bluffs on the Minnesota
side of the river. The photo above is an overview of the bridge spans.
The photo below is a view of the railroad causeway leading leading to
the bridge from the Wisconsin side of the river.
These two photos are views of C&NW Railroad bridge at Hudson as seen from
the Walnut Street Causeway. The causeway leads to the site of the old Toll
Bridge that once carried highway US-12 over the Saint Croix River. The photo
above is a view looking north at the west end of the swing bridge, which
crosses the river navigation channel. The photo below is looking northwest
towards the swing span and the two smaller truss spans at the east end of
the structure. The bridge is a little hard to see in this view given that
the late fall background is nearly the same color as the bridge structure.
The photo above is the north side of the C&NW bridge as seen from the
marina that is located about a mile north of the bridge. The photo below
is a smaller side channel bridge on the Wisconsin side of the river crossing.
It carries the railroad mainline into the north end of Hudson, where it
will gradually climb out of the Saint Croix River valley and head towards
Roberts, Hammond, Baldwin, and Menomonie.
These two photos are a road bridge on Saint Croix Street leading to an
island in the river where the railroad once had Y-track. At one time,
this was a railroad trestle, but is now used as a driveway leading to
the railroad property on the island. The photo above is looking west
down the length of the bridge, while the photo below is looking northwest
towards the south face of the structure.
The photo above is a building located at the east end of the railroad trestle
on Saint Croix Street. This building might have been an old railroad
building, but I suspect that it is likely a well house for the city of
Hudson. The photo below are the remains of a trestle located just south of
the bridge on Saint Croix Street. This branch of the railroad crossing over
the Saint Croix River once fed a route heading to River Falls, Wisconsin.
Thse two photos are an old railroad trestle on yet another branch of the
Saint Croix River railroad crossing. This one leads north from the Y-track
at the east end of the river crossing. This bridge crosses the mouth of
Lake Mallalieu where it flows into the Saint Croix River. This line led
to industries in North Hudson, and may possibly have headed north out of
the city. The photo above is looking north along the east side of the bridge,
while the photo below is looking north down the length of the bridge deck.
These two photos are additional views of the railroad bridge over the
mouth of Lake Mallalieu. The photo above is looking north along the
west side of the bridge. The photo below is looking northwest towards
the east side of the bridge from across the lake.
The photo above is a dam that controls the waterflow between Lake Mallalieu
(to the right) and the Saint Croix River (to the left). Note the railroad
trestle just to the right of the dam. The photo below is a bridge on
Bridge Street leading to the dam. There is a small dam under the bridge,
which is another outlet for Lake Mallalieu.


text:
This course provides learners with an awareness of the hazards involved in working at height and gives an overview of industry best practice in relation to working at height.
-Define what is meant by 'working at height'
-Identify the key pieces of legislation that help to control work at height
-Explain the duties that are placed on employers and employees by the Work at Height Regulations
-Describe the hazards involved in working at height
-Explain the importance of planning and risk assessment
-Describe the hierarchy of control for managing and selecting equipment for work at height
-Identify the factors that should be considered when assessing the method to be used for working at height
-Describe the main methods of access for working at height and give examples of the different types of
working at height equipment
-Describe the rules for working with ladders
-Describe the rules for working with scaffolds
-Explain the importance of inspecting equipment
Do you want more information about the course, or do you want to order?
Contact us at Tel: +47 24 15 55 55, or send us an e-mail.


text:
Literally meaning: "under the cartilage of the breastbone"
Origin: Anc Greek
υπό/hypo (prefix meaning "under", "beneath", "less")
+ χόνδρος/chondros (=thick, coarse salt, soft bone, carilages in the region between the ribs and navel)
In ancient Greece there was the belief that the viscera of the hypochondria were the seat of melancholy.
Hypochondria or hypochondriasis is is a long-term condition in which a person without cause has an excessive preoccupying fear of having a serious or life-threatening disease.


text:
Thousands of square kilometres of Australian bushland are being cleared every year to grow cattle and the rate of clearing is increasing.
To make it easier to understand the scale of this clearing, a new report by Terrastendo measures the clearing of land for animal agriculture in terms of rugby league fields. In Queensland alone, three-quarters of a rugby league field is cleared every minute.
The report also states:
- The clearing contributes significantly to loss of biodiversity, the release of carbon contained in the vegetation and soil, and an ongoing loss of carbon sequestration.
- The clearing and subsequent grazing of cattle in Queensland causes soil to be eroded and carried by adjoining streams and rivers to the coast, significantly affecting one of the world's natural wonders, the Great Barrier Reef.
- The Queensland Government's 2013 Scientific Consensus Statement confirmed that beef production in the surrounding catchment was responsible for 75% of sediment, 54% of phosphorous and 40% of nitrogen in the reef's waters.
- Major environment groups are ignoring the devastating impact of beef production on the reef.
Read the full report Beef, the reef and rugby: We have a problem.
If you would like to keep up to date with this and other topics, sign up to our newsletter.


4 Household Chores That Can Make You More Mindful
We tend to think of completing tasks around the house as more of a nuisance than a beneficial exercise ("You have how many loads of laundry?!"). Yes, there are probably about a million more exciting things to do than cleaning and organizing. But if you approach it with a different outlook, that disheveled desk drawer could actually be your gateway to mindfulness. You don't need to go on a meditation retreat to create peace in your life: If you're looking to cultivate a little calm, try tackling the four household activities below. You'll have a happier brain (and, as a bonus, a happier house).
Doing the dishes.
washing dishes
No one likes doing the dishes, but it is possible to make it a mindful activity by focusing on little nuances that go into scrubbing your cookware spotless. As author and speaker Laurie Erdman points out in a HuffPost blog, the chore offers the tools you need to open yourself to a beneficial type of multitasking:
From the moment you start to stack the dishes to the moment you hang up the towel, notice every sensation. The sound of the water running, the sight of the bubbles, the smell of the dishwashing liquid, the sounds of the silverware hitting each other in the drainer, the feel of the dishes in your hands, the warmth of the water. Move slowly. Concentrate on the task, instead of your to do list.
Cooking a big meal.
cooking dinner
Mindful people create in any way that they can, including mixing it up with meals. Creativity in the kitchen allows you to get in a state of flow, concentrating on the task at hand (mostly because who wants burned Chicken Parm?). As the experts at Headspace point out, "Cooking provides a wonderful opportunity to be present, mindful and aware, as opposed to being distracted, stressed or overwhelmed... It's also an opportunity to get back in touch with the food that you eat."
Organizing that junk drawer.
messy drawer
Studies have shown that clutter is a major source of stress when we're in our homes, so the best way to eliminate it is to mindfully tackle it head-on. Concentrate on the meticulous actions that go into deciding where each pen, notepad and paperclip is placed (and toss out those expired coupons). Your brain (and your drawer) will feel much lighter.
Making your bed when you wake up.
making bed
It takes about a minute, but your day and your mindfulness practice will benefit from pulling up those sheets. (Admit it: Just imagining your bed made sort of makes you feel like you have your life together). Gretchen Rubin, author of The Happiness Project and Real Happiness At Home, explains that making your bed -- while seemingly menial -- also allows you to focus for just a short period of time and set yourself up for zen. "[M]aking your bed is a step that's quick and easy, yet makes a big difference," she wrote in a happiness blog. "Everything looks neater. It's easier to find your shoes. Your bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order contributes to inner calm."
Health Benefits Of Relaxation


By Jeanette Maister
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Part II in the eBook by WCN about planning your hiring budget and maximizing recruitment spend takes readers through the following year's hires, giving employers an estimate on the number of hires they plan on making and roughly how much it will cost the company. Take a dive below!
Number of Hires
You've done the math and you've chosen a program that meets your needs. Next, looking at the year in general, you need to dive into how many hires you estimate to make. This will impact both topics we have already discussed including each new employee's cost to you, as well as the amount you spend on the program (some may be account/data amount specific when it comes to determining pricing). In order to make this easier on your team, break this number down by a quarter to see what budget needs to be spent on each channel or area of your business and when.
In order to get a closer look at this number, you will have to do some digging both in records of years past and how your company culture actually works. For instance, what does your workforce consist of? Is it mostly Millennials who are ready to seek adventure to try new things? Or, is it full of older generations who enjoy the comfort of staying put in a secure position? Obviously, this will change from department to department and may even be impacted by the type of position you are looking at. Interns are much more likely to leave within the first year than someone who is senior management.
In October 2017, records indicated a total of 5.2 million new hires across businesses within just one month. [Source]
Getting a spot-on number is always preferred. However, getting an average to build off from should always be in best practice - it is always better to calculate for a higher budget than run out and not have a way to hire for the positions you need to fill. Another way to help you get close to this number is by formulating your employee turnover. This can be broken up into two different categories:
Overall Turnover
 - Figure the average number of employees during the measurement period (this should be by quarter). Add the number of employees at the beginning of the period to the number at the end. Divide by two to find the average number of employees, then divide the number of employees separated during the period by the average number of employees to find the employee turnover rate.
New Hire Turnover
 - This calculation is actually industry specific. Calculate the number of employees who leave less than one year after being hired as a percentage of total employee turnover. If this is a high figure for your industry, it might be a clue to possible problems retaining new employees such as lack of adequate orientation and training. Here's a great place to check industry benchmarks for turnover.
During this process, be sure to get key insights from different levels and areas of your company. It will be helpful to look into the managers and supervisors for specific departments to not only get the numbers you need but their expertise concerning past experience with new hires and employees in general.
About Jeanette Maister:
The kind of stuff that Social Hire do...
The team at Social Hire never just do social media management.
You might like these blog posts Winning Combo for Local Businesses: Geofencing and Social Media, Crafting Social Media Posts for Multiple Audiences, Common Mistakes Businesses Make With Social Media Marketing, and Key Social Selling Takeaways for Your Small Business.
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Top Posts of 2017
Everyone seems to do these kind of lists at the end of the year, but mine will not be based on web traffic, but on my own preference. So "top" means "favorite." This list in some ways is only meaningful as a tool for me to later look back at a summary of my focus in previous years.
 1. The series on the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. This series evaluated the joint statement between Lutherans and Roman Catholics on justification in light of the World Communion of Reformed Churches joining the statement over the summer.
 2. The effects of social media. The documentation on the mental health and sociological impacts of social media is growing, and the results are not pretty. The medium is conducive to a heightening of narcism.
 3. The American Civil Religion became much more evident throughout 2017, particularly in regards to racism and the American flag. This is one of the greatest pastoral challenges of our current moment.
 4. Knowledge of the biblical languages matters for pastors. There is a strong populist current right now that devalues this skill, but I have found its pastoral uses to be meaningful.
 5. A set of three posts, all dealing with different subjects, are good examples of the pastoral need for robust theology. The first is on unconditional election, the second on infant dedications, and the third on Nicene Orthodoxy and marriage.


to the success of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan? (10 Marks)
Social influence is the process through which a person's attitudes, opinions, or behaviour are changed through social communication. Persuasion is a method of social influence.
UPSC Ethics GS-4 Diagram. Ethics paper Flow chart.
Social influence and persuasion contribute to Swacch Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) through:
- Behavioural change among all the stakeholders: By changing attitude toward open defecation in the society through campaigns and media. E.g: Darwaza Band campaign and rallies by school children to build awareness
- Social pressure and peer pressure: By naming and shaming people who don't have toilets, they will be forced to build one.
E.g: Children persuading their parents, Gram sabhas reading out names of households without toilets. Positive peer pressure in the form of prizes and rewards for building and using toilets can also help people change.
- Role-Model effect: When celebrities like Amitabh Bachchan persuade for SBA, it can bring about a change in orthodox opinions about open defecation.
- Community Ownership: Through Gram Swachhdhoots, SBA can be made community driven to make it. Such persuasive methods were very successful in Bangladesh.
- Healthy competition among stakeholders: through initiatives like Swacch Survekshan.
Thus social Influence and persuasion techniques, by effectively targeting the social psyche and behaviour can accelerate the goal of Swacch Bharat Mission.
Q. You are aspiring to become an IAS officer and you have cleared various stages and now you have been selected for the personal interview. On the day of the interview, on the way to the venue you saw an accident where a mother and child who happen to be your relatives were badly injured. They needed immediate help. What would you have done in such a situation? Justify your action. (25 Marks)
Subject matter: Dilemma between achieving career ambition Vs responding to accident as a good samaritan.
Stakeholders involved: The mother, child, me, my family, society at large and the UPSC.
Ethical dilemmas:
- Personal ambitions vs. Moral responsibility to help others
- Being punctual to the interview vs Saving life
- Personal and family's dream to be civil servant vs Moral
obligation to relatives
Options Available
Ignore the accident and head to the interviewPunctuality will bemaintainedPersonalambition will be fulfilledMorally abdicating my duty to save lifeSelfish and against my consciencePoor example of an aspiring civil servant
Skip the interview and help the victimsMoral obligation towards my relatives will be metA good example to the societyHampers the years of hard work to be a civil servantFailing my and my family's dreamUnbalanced decision making in response to multiple needs
Admit them to a nearby hospital and quickly try to reach the interview venueRescue the relativesRealise mycareer goalsClearconscience• Risk of missing the interview
Final Course of action
I shall choose the last option because I have a moral responsibility to help the victims, and a personal responsibility to myself, my family and my career. I worked hard to reach the interview stage, so it makes sense to balance both these obligations.
So my immediate response would be to quickly move the victims to my cab. Using Google Maps, I'll check for nearby hospitals and find the shortest route possible to get there. I will call the hospital and ask them to arrange emergency services by the time we reach.
Along the way, I will also call the relatives' family and ask them to reach the hospital. I will admit the victim to the hospital and pay any charges, if required. If it gets late for the relatives to reach, I will entrust the cab driver to kindly look after her, pay him his waiting charges and proceed to the interview.
In the meantime, I will also check if I can reach out to anyone who can inform the interview panel about my situation and that I may reach late. If I do get delayed, I will make every attempt to convince the authorities involved as to the reasons why it happened. As soon as the interview is done, I will come back to the hospital and check on the victims' condition and help them in anyway I can.
As remarked by Gandhiji "The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others". By helping people, we not only make the world a better place but also stay true to our conscience. It leads to harmony, balancing social good with personal ambition.
34 thoughts on "How to Answer GS 4 Ethics Paper in UPSC Mains
 1. Anonymous
 Hey anudeep, thank you so much for the invaluable insights you have provided us in your book. Its a wonderful piece of your hard work. I got so much to learn from it. Thank you so much. God bless you 🙂
 1. Chetan
 क्या आपकी पुस्तक हिंदी में या फिर English में
 1. Alam Khan
 2. Sartaj Bagali
 Sir please can you tell me that this is ebook or it is hard copy?Will it be delivered to our home?
 3. Laxmiprasad
 Sir meru guidance esthara
 4. Anonymous
 Sir how you learn fluent english
 Please give reply sir
 5. maithili gole
 respected sir, i have made the payment of 389 for essay answer writing book and videos but still it is showing to pay the amount. how should i access the book?
 plz reply it would be helpful for me.
 thanking u
 6. Podhila Shivaprasad
 Anna nv super anna I am full inspired
 2. Chetan
 Kya main BA karke CSE apply karskta ho
 Apki 5 tips aur konsi konsi books Leno chahiye…
 3. Ruchi Kushwaha
 Good Evening sir, I want to write GS paper in English and take Hindi Literature. It's possible or not.
 Yes,Of course.
 Explanation: If your optional is a literature paper then you have to write those optional papers in that very language. Except them, all papers, Essay and G.S I, II, III, IV are to be written only in Hindi or English. So, You can choose English as your medium and Hindi Literature as your optionals.
 4. Ayush
 Wonderful Sir
 Salute to your hard work and perseverance
 You are a true IAS officer,dedicated to Steve your country's people.
 5. Sunayana
 Sir. 1.May I know which online platform for prelims and mains test series is the good one?
 2.whether to join integrated prelims and mains or separate prelims and separate mains test series?
 3.what is the right time to join?
 6. Vaidik
 Sir I am unable to open the video lectures of your those videos are unsupported in my mobile…sir Its a …….please send me those videos in my gmail account as your each video and lecture is very important to me and all the upsc aspirants..
 Really it is very helpful for the beginners..
 Thank you so much anudeep sir.
 8. Madhu
 for beginners it will give full clarity on how be a good thinker and on track aspirants it will give value addition. we good to see u providing this enormous information which u are giving for aspirants. THANK YOU BRO..KEEP ON GIVE THIS BOOST TO ASPIRANTS
 9. Sartaj Bagali
 Sir Thankyou very much for this book.Immensely helpful.Sir is your book enough for upsc preparation if we understand it and like this way.
 10. Anonymous
 Will you release new editions in the upcoming years?? Or is this book useful for upsc 2022 please reply sir….
 11. Lakshmi
 Sir is this only e-book or can I get its hard copy? If yes can I know how to get it.
 Thanks a ton sir! What an exaplanation you have presented before us. I cleared all doubts and ambiguities related to paper 4. thanks again sir.love you sir..
 13. Anonymous
 Thank you sir
 14. Dr. Ganesh Vinayak Jadhwar
 Tnq so much resp. Sir..! Valuable guidance for us…To clear all doubts regarding paper IV.🙏
 15. Pulin Malik
 Hello Sir,
 Your ethics notes are very concise and effective and I am grateful to you for providing these notes.
 One thing i can't make out is the LMR you've written at certain places with an highlighter. Please decode this puzzle so that I can be at peace.😭🙏
 16. Anonymous
 Thank u very much sir 😊 such a wonderful explanation for the beginers like me.
 Keep going in writing such awesome books like this. Actually sreaching for good network,I think this is the correct platform for not only me but also all the asparents …
 Thank u sir from the bottom of the heat 😁
 17. Anonymous
 Hello Sir, but sir from where i get all quotes.
 18. Riya
 Your advice is solid. This is amazingly articulated with detailed suggestions.


text:
A dynamic ecological model, calibrated with field data from the communal lands of southern Zimbabwe where Shangaaan and Ndebele people live, shows the ilala palm, Hyphaene petersiana, to be resilient to a wide range of harvesting regimes. The degree of use determines the plant population structure but not the palm's continued existence. Ilala palm sap for wine and leaves for crafts provide an important source of income at the village level. Shangaan households generally regulated palm use, with the manual workers usually being Ndebele. Despite the designation of the region as a "communal area" there are clearly social conventions limiting access to resources. The use of the plant for sap is more closely regulated than its use for leaves. Leaf harvests appear less ecologically destructive than tapping for sap. Although social rules reduce harvesting, the ecology of the palm is such that intensive harvesting may actually increase the available products by chaning the ilala palms into more accessible and useful growth form.
Topic: Hyphaene,crafts,dynamic models,harvesting,sap,palm leaves,participatory rural appraisal,tenure systems
Publication Year: 2003
Source: Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 13(4): 275-296