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We all know that technology can be a great benefit in higher education, but do you think technology causes too much stress in students? Are students simply too overwhelmed with emerging technologies to keep up with their personal lives and their studies?
Here's an article that discusses this question, but I'd love to hear your thoughts as well.
Tags: college, education, higher, schools, stress, technology
Views: 386
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I think there is a little both...until someone gets used to the new tech, and realises how much it enhances - it can be quite stressful.
I believe that technology can cause stress, but without technology I think the stress level would rise drastically when it comes to education. As a college student, honestly everything causes stress. I can barely remember when I have not used technology to benefit my education. I would not know where to start on writing my countless papers assigned without technology. I welcome the many new technologies that keep showing up every day. It honestly helps my personal life by keeping in touch anywhere from online to texting... all while multitasking and doing my studies.
I think technology can be stressful at first when a students is trying to understand how to use it properly it can take some time and may be frustrating. Once the students use this on a daily basis it can become easier for them to use. Technology makes tasks such as assignments and homework easier to do and completed faster. Technology connects students with so many resources of knowledge for them to discover!
I totally agree with you, Technology can be stressful to a student when trying to understand how to use it.
I think that there has been a proliferation of online tools and software. Many of the new sites coming out are great. How many do we need and to what extent should we use them is a matter of personal discretion. Although I think if they are causing any stress (other than learning how they work) they're being over-used.
p.s. You should post the article on Classroom 2.0 since we need to register to read it.
I think it's a legitimate concern that learning about new technology can overwhelm students, but I don't believe students are incapable of adapting. Especially since a majority of traditional undergraduate students are now digital natives, their personal lives often already incorporate new communication technology (cell phones, computers, etc). If anything, undue stress might be caused by overzealous instructors requiring specific technology to be used in assignments where it's not always necessary. It's easy to get excited about new teaching and learning tools, but not every lesson needs them.
Students want to use technology, but if it's something they are not familiar with they should be properly instructed regarding tools and use. As a new technology is learned its use becomes clear and deliberate. If students understand how they are to use it, they will be successfull. For instance, I just used a classroom blog to present a lesson. Has anyone tried that with their students?
I could not agree more. Students are very adaptable and tech savvy. Learning how to use a new technology does seem a little alien at first, but the way students pick up on how a specific technology works, some pick it up very quickly and can even expand others knowledge. This generation of students grew up on technology and have used it all of their lives.
I totally agree with youm students learn fast and if there is someone that directs them into how to use it they will have no problem adapting to it.
I think that technology causes too much stress for teachers and prohibits students from focusing on what's important...learning. For teachers using new technology, you have to think about whether or not the kids are safe using this type of technology and what can you do to ensure their safety. You also have to think about keeping kids on task and making sure that this technology is actually teaching students what it should be teaching. For students, all of the new technology, I feel, is getting in their way and causing distractions. Students are on their facebook, twitter, myspace and everything else all day long. Even if you try to make technology like this useful to the education process you are still going to have the majority of your students using this technology for their own personal use. Just something to think about.
I think technology if anything helps keeps a students interst in the classroom and not stress them out. Endless paperwork is the real stresser, so giving a student an alternative option to hand written work can be very beneficial. The young genertaion is so acustom to technology, chances are they will already know how to use it and can only learn from there.
People always get stressed when they are trying to learn something new, and the same goes with technology. For example, when I first started using Facebook, I absolutely hated. I didn't know where anything was and it felt pointless, but once I got the hang of it, I realized just how easy it was to stay in touch with my friends. I'm sure the same thing happened when calculators first came out, and then computers, and then i-pods. Basically, technology can be stressful, but once a student is willing to learn, they pass that obstacle in a snap.
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Measurement of complex surfaces in industrial plants
In a tremendously competitive business context, the ability to make decisions efficiently and with the least risk is the key to success. For this, it is essential to have as much valuable information as possible and be able to process it efficiently in real time, so the challenge lies in achieving the automation and monitoring of production processes.
Vicomtech's work on this project responds to two main technological challenges:
On the one hand the reduction of the measurement time, hitherto executed manually in two phases, first by an expert in a metrology laboratory and then by the plant operators through manual calipers.
To be able to do it in the own plant, without having to go to a laboratory
The result of the project has resulted in the installation of a scanning equipment and the software developed for the SK / inspect project that processes clouds of 3D points that can capture up to more than 3 million points for each object analyzed. This software includes all the phases of the measurement process, from the definition of the process to the realization of the measurements and the visualization of the results through an interactive 3D viewer.
The advantages that this system brings to the industrial plant are the following:
- Simplification of the interaction with the operator, so that you can use the measuring equipment without having knowledge of metrology
- High process automation
- Provision of remote control tools that ensure that the control plan is being executed correctly.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A commissioner is a member of a commission, or the leader of a governmental body. Commissions are commonly created to solve specific problems or address specific ongoing issues, and are staffed with experts in those areas, these experts would be commissioners.
In 2267, the Federation maintained some form of commission for the purpose of mediating disputes; this body dispatched assistant commissioner Nancy Hedford to Epsilon Canaris III. Her goal was to prevent the outbreak of war; her mission was cut short when she developed Sakuro's Disease and had to be recalled. (TOS: "Metamorphosis")

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


heart heart out heart
Carrier Oils
What Is A Carrier Oil?
Understanding your carrier oils can go a long way to helping you with your therapeutic creations. Often overlooked, these oils form a prime ingredient, that while they have no inherent properties like essential oils, are able to "carry" your topical oils to potentially enhance a therapeutic creations texture and application.
A carrier oil is an oil that is neutral in smell and has little to no volatility such as that found in essential oils. These are organic, vegetable derived oils can be used to dilute essential oils or used to improve and enhance therapeutic application.
There are numerous carrier oils available and each one can be used for different mixtures or dilutions. Importantly, mineral oil and petroleum-based oils or butter should not be used. The same applies to vegetable butter or margarine used in cooking as these often have additional elements that can cause concerns or issues.
Understanding the individual properties can allow you to select the right oils for your needs. Many carrier oils can be combined to produce variations that could further enhance your therapeutic creations and could potentially improve your results.
A carrier oil should be stored in airtight containers and in dark, cool, and dry areas. This will prevent them from going rancid and increase the length of their shelf life.


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Dead Sea For Cosmetics
Dead Sea salt and mud are known for their therapeutic and cosmetic properties. The presence of Dead Sea salt in different types of cosmetics has affected the stability and the flow properties of the finished products.
In a study, an attempt was made to find the optimum Dead Sea salt content in a cosmetic emulsion (model of body cream) using both rheology and stability measurement. the rheological properties were tested during a four-month storage period at three different storage temperatures 8C, room temperature and 4 5øC.I in addition to the rheological measurements and centrifuge tests, the conductivities of the emulsion samples were also determined.
The centrifuge tests showed that the cream samples containing more than 0.25 wt% of Dead Sea salt showed phase separation the addition of Dead Sea salt to the cosmetic emulsion led to two maxima in the emulsion viscosity at salt contents of 0.07 wt % and 0.15 wt%. However, the emulsion samples containing 0.15% of Dead Sea salt was considered the optimum sample since it contained the maximum amount of salt and exhibited the maximum viscosity at all tested conditions. It was found that the viscosity of the emulsion is increased with storage time and storage temperature. This behavior was accompanied by a decrease in conductivity. This behavior was explained by water evaporation from the emulsion.
However, it has been shown that the presence of Dead Sea salt in the cosmetic emulsion significantly reduces the rate of water evaporation. The conductivity measurements reflect the rate of water evaporation, and the presence of Dead Sea salt reduces the rate of conductivity. Conductivity is observed to decrease with storage time and temperature.


text:
The goal of developing a strong maternal identity throughout a woman's lifetime was
the basis of Dr. Ramona Mercer's Maternal Role Attainment Theory. She began developing
the model in the 1970s while she was a doctoral student at the University of Pittsburgh
and was inspired by her instructor and mentor, Reva Rubin.
Since its inception, Dr. Mercer has revised and expanded her theory and in 2004,
renamed it as Maternal Role Attainment: Becoming a Mother. This takes the theory to a
final goal of continued growth of mothering throughout a woman's lifetime. The concepts
form a framework that centers on developing a bond between the mother and child and
enhance the role of motherhood.
The nursing theory was first developed to meet the needs of nontraditional mothers
and to provide nursing interventions that would allow them to grow and have strong
maternal identities. The primary concept is an interactional process that occurs
over a period of time.
A number of psychologists and philosophers including Urie Bronfenbrenner, a Russian
American psychologist who developed the Ecological Systems Theory, influenced Mercer's
early work. His theory proposed that each person is in an interconnected relationship
with other people and environments. He illustrated this theory with the image of nested,
Russian dolls in which the smallest system is the individual, but all are connected to
the greater whole.
This theory inspired Mercer to develop a graphic of interconnected circles to represent
her model of maternal role attainment. Within these circles are various aspects of
family relationships that are all interdependent. Included are the mother and father
relationship, mother and child characteristics, maternal role identity and child
outcome. Other factors in these nested circles incorporate family functioning, stress,
social support, cultural consistencies, parents' work settings, day care and school.
Dr. Mercer's theory is a middle range, evidence-based theory that has a specific focus
rather than being abstract. It is concerned mainly with maternal and child nursing but
can be used with many ages and in many situations and environments. Other disciplines
such as psychology, sociology and education have incorporated the philosophy into their
maternal and parenting applications.
- Maternal role attainment is the process by which the mother becomes emotionally involved with her child, becomes a capable caregiver and finds satisfaction in her role.
- A positive self-concept includes self-esteem and acceptance of self.
- Attachment is the process of forming emotional commitment and fondness for another individual.
Four Stages of Becoming a Mother
These stages can overlap but usually progress in a predictable, orderly manner. They
are usually completed about four months after the birth of the baby.
- The anticipatory stage occurs during pregnancy when the mother makes psychological and committal adjustments and prepares for her new role.
- The formal stage begins with the birth of the child and the role of motherhood is taken on and learned within the framework of her social system.
- The informal stage is when the mother integrates motherhood with her own lifestyle rather than fitting social norms.
- The personal stage occurs when the mother internalizes her mothering role and reaches a state of confidence and harmony.
Global Nursing Concepts
These concepts build on each other and illustrate the fact that maternal health is
influenced by many factors. The nature of the newborn affects the identity of motherhood.
The psychosocial and emotional needs of newborn cannot be overlooked. The nurse is the
primary caregiver and is in the position to provide integrated care and education,
especially in the first 12 months of motherhood. The maternal role attainment in
the first year of motherhood will have an impact on the entire life of the family.
- Human beings see themselves as individuals and separate from other people. Values, morals, self-esteem and self-confidence play a part in maternal self-concept.
- The environment plays a role in the maternal concept. Mothers need to balance outside influences with the needs of the family.
- Health is a vital factor in motherhood. The health history of both mother and father needs to be addressed as well as lifestyle factors.
- Nursing and nurses play a very important role in the maternal cycle. Nurses have the responsibility to promote growth and educate mothers and families before, during and after pregnancy. They make a huge impact on the outcome of childbirth.
Publications related to Maternal Role Attainment Theory
- Transitions in a Women's Life: Major Life Events in Developmental Context (Springer Series, Focus on Women)
- Perspectives on Adolescent Health Care
- Mercer, Ramona. Theoretical Models for Studying the Effect of Antepartum Stress on the Family, Nursing Research, 1986
- Mercer, Ramona. Predictors of Parental Attachment During Early Parenthood, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1990
- Mercer, Ramona. Becoming a Mother versus Maternal Role Attainment, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2004
- Miles, M.S., Holditch-Davis, D., Burchinal, M.R. and Brussen, S. Maternal Role Attachment with Medically Fragile Infants, Research in Nursing and Health, 2011


When you're drifting apart, your significant other might be having an emotional affair. Find out how to spot the signs that there might be something going on, even if he's been faithful to you.
Once you spot the most obvious emotional affair signs, you can have a discussion about the issue and try to solve some of the problems that contributed to the communication issues in your relationship. Playing the blame game is a bad idea, but with a little work, your relationship can be stronger than before if you're both willing to work at it.
1. He's Not Being Himself Anymore
Partial emotional withdrawal from the relationship is one of the earlier warning signs that there are some problems, and that he might be having an emotional affair. If he starts being distant, he might have simply found a different connection that temporarily feels more satisfying to him. When you notice that he doesn't open up to you as frequently as before, there's usually a problem, even if he's not in an emotional affair.
2. He Starts Comparing You to Other Women
Comparing your partner to others and drawing a negative conclusion is always a bad sign for a relationship. If he keeps pointing out how other women are better than you, even in small ways, that could be one of the emotional affair signs.
3. Your Sex Life Feels Different
There's a huge emotional component to sex in a long term relationship, so when it starts feeling different, there's a problem. If you feel detached and lacking a connection in the bedroom, that could definitely point to the fact that he's not really into it because he has a strong emotional connection to someone else.
4. He Spends Less Time with You
When your guy starts coming in late from his job, you might think he could be cheating, but this can also be one of the emotional affair signs, whether it's with a coworker or not. If you know he's confiding and spending a lot of time with a friend, while spending less time with you and putting up an emotional wall, he might be having an emotional fling with her.
5. Your Instinct Tells You Something Is Wrong
There are a lot of small signs that can add up, even if none of them prove anything. When your gut is telling you that there's a problem and he's not communicating with you anymore as much as before, you should have an honest talk. He might not have started an emotional affair yet, but he might be getting closer to another woman, even if he would never cheat.
See also: 10 Habits That Hurt Your Relationship
6. He Spends More Time on His Phone
If he's suddenly very attached to his smartphone, and he's always texting or using different apps to get in touch with people you don't know, that could be one of the emotional affair signs. Wanting to always be there for her when she's up for a chat is a big warning sign, and you should definitely ask him if something is up if you've also noticed some of the other red flags.
7. He Starts Fights More
When he's getting some of his emotional needs met elsewhere, he'll be a lot less forgiving to you. If he keeps starting fights or just complaining about your actions more and more, there's definitely a problem, and the emotional affair might be causing tension in your relationship.
8. No More Access to His Phone and Computer
If you start noticing password on his gadgets that weren't there before, along with increased usage, that could be one of the big emotional affair signs. When a guy doesn't care about his privacy until suddenly he does, he has something to hide, even if it's something more benign.
9. He's More Interested in His Appearance
Starting a new workout routine or buying more and more new clothes can also be a warning sign. Even if the other woman is just a friend or confidante, and not a mistress, he'll still want her to be into him, so he'll make more of an effort.
10. He Stops Trying to Solve Relationship Problems
Whether he's cheating or just connecting with someone else on an emotional level, he'll stop trying to fix conflict in your relationship, he'll just avoid them. One of the big emotional affair signs is the fact that he's less and less interested in coming up with compromises for the two of you.


text:
of the Ñusta" at Machu Picchu are the great pattern of steps taken from bedrock.
Fountains and liturgical baths
The Inkas effectively control the flow of water through their building by means of canals and fountains. The primary purpose of these fountains or liturgical baths was to supply clean water.
The very popular site known as the "Bath of the Inka" is only a few kilometers outside of Cusco. This archeological site is Tambomachay. This place comprises of consists a cycle of water bath flowing from channels hidden within the structure. The fountains are made of huge stone walls, stylishly placed at each level. Water is supplied to a single fountain as in Ollantaytambo. Later the excess water is poured into another fountains or baths and then in another. Thus forming an arranged series. Such series is found at Phuyupatamarca, with six serial fountains; Machu Picchu, with 16 fountains, and Wiñay Wayna, with a grand total of 18 fountains.
Masmas or Wayronas
Masmas or Wayronas structure was also constructed by Inkas. It is also found in the buildings of Machu Picchu. In this construction buildings were open on one side. As there was no wall on the open side, the roof had to be supported by a beam solid enough to run the length of the building or to a supporting pillar in the center.
Agricultural terraces which are way to work areas of Inkas were built by narrow, steep steps or stones as the terrace holding walls. Building of these terraces might be very striving and motivational work of Inkas. As constructions done surely require a large volume of material moved on mountainsides and in river bottoms throughout the Inka empire.
The area where Inkas prefer beauty over functionality is the only sparkling flowing water. Shining streams of water gush from stone. The water outlets are decorated with engraved designs, splashing water flows through the sinks and the extra water is discharge into the next fountain or bath. This carries on until the water outlets into any agricultural land. This can be exemplified from the fountains of Machu Picchu where sixteen fountains follow each other. The sight and sound of water is amazing which is used by Inkas as architectural design.
The beautiful fortress-temple of Ollantaytambo is fitted large slabs of red hard stone called porphyry. This stone really gave it a look of a temple. The work was in progress when the conquistadores reached there. So this temple is still incomplete.
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text:
Influence of number of pollinations and pollen load size on maternal fitness costs in Collinsia heterophylla: implications for existence of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity.
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie: Journal of evolutionary biology
Förlag: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing
Costs related to pollen competition have rarely been considered, but are expected in the case of sexual conflict where male and female sexual functions have opposing evolutionary interests. In Collinsia heterophylla, delayed stigma receptivity is beneficial as it enhances pollen competition. A sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity has been proposed in this species as early pollination, following one-time pollinations, is advantageous to pollen donors at a cost of reduced maternal seed set (measured as seed number). In this study, we explored whether the maternal cost was still present following an additional pollination. We hypothesized that the cost is caused either by harm related to early pollen presence or by factors unrelated to harm. We performed pollinations at different stages of floral development, either one or two pollinations (24-h time lag), and varied the size of the first pollen load in the latter category. Early pollination reduced seed biomass also after two-time pollinations, suggesting a persistent maternal cost of early pollen presence. Further, pollen load size modified seed production, possibly indicating that dose-dependent harm influences the maternal cost of early fertilization. Our results strongly suggest negative effects of pollen competition on maternal fitness following early pollination, which is consistent with the existence of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity. In conclusion, we propose that much could be gained if more plant studies considered the potential for fitness costs in relation to sexual conflict, particularly those investigating pollen-pistil interactions.
- Collinsia heterophylla
- pollen–pistil interactions
- pollen competition
- conflict cost
- sexual conflict
- stigma receptivity
- ISSN: 1010-061X (Print)
- ISSN: _PHONE_ (Online)


text:
Nomograms are visual guides to functional relationships. They can be as simple as a conversion table and complex enough for multi-variate gunnery work(_URL_ In the not too distant past nomograms were able to "provide engineers with fast graphical calculations of complicated formulas to a practical precision."
If you're not shooting cannons (and you shouldn't be), nomograms can be functional and handsome memory aids and computation devices. They can also be made with a limited amount of supplies. I wanted to start making a nomogram with one level of complexity, the ability to add and subtract different numbers, which required a middle value that can vary. A little bit of measuring cutting, guessing, and checking gave me a useful, if not handsome, tool.
Step 1: Tools and Materials
The tape is optional. I use it to line the guide so the fastener doesn't wear away the paper.
Step 2: Cut Guide
I cut my "4 x 6" card to three inches by five inches. You, however, might just want to use a "3 x 5" card. Then cut a 1/16th inch line in the middle and at least a half an inch from the bottom.This will be your guide line.
Step 3: Guide Numbers
Write numbers next to the guide spaced about a quarter-inch away. You'll want to write them on both sides for maximum visibility.
Write numbers on the far left and right side about 1/2-inch apart. You'll notice that I had to do some adjustment on the placement. You'll also notice that the numbers have an inverse relationship, as the numbers on the left ascend in a descending manner, the numbers on the right descend in a descending manner. Got that?
Step 5: Practical Precision
Insert a paper fastener in the guide. The paper fastener creates an index line. In this example, the index line points from the 26 through the 6 to the 20, displaying the functional relationship: 26-6=20 and 20+6=26.
You'll notice that the pointing is approximate. That's where Mr. Doerfler's phrase "practical precision" comes in handy. You can also use the phrases "close enough for who it's for" and "close enough for government work."
Step 6: Meditations and Explorations
- To make a little smooth gliding, I added an index card washer to the back.
- As I was making this nomogram, I could see how the far left and right axes had a curvilinear relationship with the center numbers. My next nomogram will emphasize that.
- The spindle in the middle would work better if it were transparent and pointed to the edge.
- Obviously, you need fairly decent fine motor skills to create nomograms with paper fasteners. How about nomograms for the under eight crowd? You could use a straight edge or a piece of yarn for calculation, or a magnetic board for moving around numbers.
- Is there a relationship between curve-stitching devices (_URL_ and nomograms?
- What are the similarities and differences of nomograms, sectors, slide rules, and rulers?


reaches the critical point, it bends to the other side and sends the power back to the balance wheel. This process is not affected by the change of the spring power, and the same power is output to the balance wheel every time.
Most of the constant power technology in the past is the average value of the total power over a period of time, but the Girard-Perregaux watch technology is a veritable constant-power escapement in real time, and it can be verified by laboratory test methods.
芝 GP Girard Perregaux's constant dynamic escapement is a symmetrical structure, but it is not an aesthetic consideration. Instead, it can balance the power in the center of the balance wheel, so that the balance wheel can rotate completely smoothly.
两端 Both ends of the hairspring are fixed on the frame, and the hairspring and the frame are integrally formed by a silicon crystal. This structure can accurately connect the power contact points and bend the hairspring to the other side. Although the principle is simple, it requires extremely high accuracy in practice. Without silicon crystal technology and DRIE etching technology, it would be difficult to achieve. Girard-Perregaux collaborated with Swiss Electronics and Micro-engineering Centre in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. The watchmakers and physicists on both sides went through complex calculation procedures to determine the characteristics of the hairspring and the factors affecting the bending point, and finally decided to integrate them. The forming technology makes the hairspring vibrate as if floating in the air. Except for the moment of pushing and contracting, basically no friction occurs, so that the hairspring returns the power directly to the balance wheel.
The elastic balance spring is the heart of a constant dynamic escapement system, vibrating at a frequency of 3 Hz (21,600 times per hour); however, Girard-Perregaux watches have conducted other studies on the frequency of vibrations, but the purpose is not to simply challenge higher speed swing frequencies.
The two escapement wheels are quite different from the escapement wheels of the lever escapement system. The escapement wheel with a frequency of 3 Hz has three teeth and the escapement wheel with a frequency of 4 Hz has four teeth. The movement has multiple days of power and the dial has The linear power reserve display can show the efficiency of the escapement system for a long time; the movement power is provided by two parallel barrels, which includes a new patented design: the barrel cover and the pawl are integrally formed to make the best use of it. Movement space; each winding drum has two winding springs; in addition GP Girard-Perregaux has applied for registration of two patents, including the hairspring technology published in 2008, and the other for the first time in the flexible parts system (flexible system) with limit stops.
Although the balance spring and escape wheel are most ideally made of silicon, the final escapement wheel is made of other materials; the main body of the brass movement is treated with black PVD coating to add a sense of time; the modified structure of the movement has both a three-dimensional effect and See the excellent tradition of Girard Perregaux, for example, near the dial, the brand's classic three bridge plywood is arranged in a new layout, and the back of the movement has two arrow-shaped plywood.
芝 GP Girard Perregaux has considered future maintenance when designing this escapement. The entire escapement structure is a module that can be handled by a designated watchmaker.
The first constant-power escapement watch
别 The design of the case with the revolutionary constant-power escapement movement is ingenious and perfectly shows the value of this innovative technology.
Girard Perregaux Haute Horlogerie The first constant-power escapement watch, combining cutting-edge technological achievements and time-honored design, and strictly adhere to the brand's traditional design style; white gold case diameter 48 mm, curved ring Beautiful.
The dial layout emphasizes the structure of the butterfly wing frame of the constant power escapement system and the structure of the elastic hairspring. The hour dial is moved to the 12 o'clock position, with two spring drums on the left and right, and a linear power reserve display at 9 o'clock.
下方 Under the dial is the stage where the constant-power escapement is unveiled, swinging at a frequency of 21,600 times (3 Hz) per hour. The new arrangement of Girard-Perregaux classic three bridge splints can be seen through anti-glare crystal glass.
The thickness of the manual-winding movement is less than 8 mm, the case thickness is 14.63 mm, and the crystal glass back is set with 6 screws. You can see the three-dimensional movement structure and decorative beauty. It is equipped with a hand-stitched crocodile leather watch. Belts and discounts; belonging to Haute Horlogerie.
Girard-Perregaux Constant Power Escapement
Technical specifications
Polished white gold case
Diameter: 48.00 mm
Bezel: Frosted Bezel
Table glass: curved anti-glare crystal glass
Crown: Platinum crown engraved with GP logo
Dial: Silver textured dial with rhodium-plated details
Pointer: Crown Princess
Case back: Crystal glass is densely set by 6 screws, carved by hand
Waterproof depth: 30 meters
IrGirard-Perregaux Movement MVT-_PHONE_ manual winding movement
Movement diameter: 17 1/2
Swing frequency: 21,600 times per hour (3 Hz)
Power reserve: about 7 days
Gem: 28 pieces
Parts: 271
Functions: hours, minutes, central seconds, linear power reserve display
Strap: Black alligator strap, discount
Number: 93500-53-131-BA6C


px)
'icon-color': '_TAG_,_TAG_' # owner buddy or shared activity color
'mime_type': 'application/x-my-activity'
'share-scope': # if shared
'buddies': '{}' # buddies in a shared activity as JSON
'description': 'some longer text' # description editable in journal detail view
'tags': 'one two' # tags editable in journal detail view
'something:text': 'text I want to be indexed' # properties with key ending in ":text" will be searched in fulltext search
'checksum': # md5 hash of file, created by DS, do not set or modify
'my.organization.MyActivity.myProperty' # private property, prefixed with activity name to avoid name clashes
Due to bug #4662 only some known properties are retained! The list is at the bottom of datastore/ (fixed in Sugar 0.83)
And custom properties must have String values for now (bug #5134).
And since Sugar 0.83 all former String values are now stored and returned as Arrays of Bytes. You can still set them as Strings.
Keeping and Resuming
To create an item in the datastore, call create():
object_id = datastore.create(properties, filename, transfer_ownership)
The metadata properties are a dictionary (type "a{sv}") containing (at least) the entries mentioned above. If filename is not empty, the file will be moved or copied to the datastore, depending on the transfer_ownership flag. The activity should delete the file once the call completes (if transfer_ownership was false). Otherwise (if transfer_ownership was true) the datastore will remove the file. For this to work under rainbow you must place the file in the "instance" directory. The returned id will be a string like '4543af91-7be9-404e-b2f1-3e27cb15a15d'.
To update an item use update():
datastore.update(object_id, properties, filename, transfer_ownership)
Again, if a filename was given and transfer_ownership is false, the activity is responsible for deleting the file after the call returns.
To retrieve an object's properties and file:
properties = datastore.get_properties(object_id)
filename = datastore.get_filename(object_id)
The returned temp file should be deleted by the activity as soon as possible, latest when the activity quits.
The metadata properties need to be preserved and stored again when updating an entry. An activity should also track updates to the properties made in the Journal while editing the datastore object. For this it should subscribe to the Updated signal:
An efficient way to do this is registering a DBus match like path='/org/laptop/sugar/DataStore', member='Updated', interface='org.laptop.sugar.DataStore', type='signal', arg0='objectId' --Bert
Activities may query the datastore:
(results,count) = datastore.find(query)
It returns the results as array of properties and a count of matching items (the array may have fewer items if the query was limited). In addition to the usual metadata items, the properties will include the object id at key 'uid', the mountpoint of the item at key'mountpoint', and possibly a 'filename' if requested.
The query can be a:
string: fulltext search
the given string is searched in all text properties
dictionary: structured query
the key-value pairs in the dictionary specify the value (or array of values, or dictionary specifying range) for a specific property, e.g.:
'title' = 'First Project' (but see note below)
'mime_type' = ['image/png', 'image/jpeg']
'mtime' = {'start' = '2007-07-01T00:00:00', 'end' = '2007-08-01T00:00:00'}
also, there are a few specific keys to adjust the query:
'query': fulltext search term
'order_by': key (or array of keys) to order results by, to reverse order use '-key' (but see note below)
'limit', 'offset': return only limit results starting at offset
'mountpoints': array of mountpoint ids to search (or all if not specified)
'include_files': if true, generate files as if get_filename() had been called for each item. In results, a property 'filename' will be added.
NOTE: Since Sugar 0.84 only very few keys are supported ('uid', 'activity', 'activity_id','mime_type', and 'keep', see here). Other keys are ignored so you may get back more results than expected. Results are ordered by timestamp by default. Sort keys are limited, too (none in 0.84, in 0.86 'timestamp' and 'title', see here).
You can also retrieve an array of unique values for a field:
values = datastore.get_uniquevaluesfor(property, query)
Note that currently (2007-07-25) the query is ignored in this call, it looks for all values in all entries.
Progress Display
To add a progress bar to a Journal entry (like the Browse activity does while downloading files), create an entry with a "progress" property in the meta data. The value is the percentage done (0 to 100). The file cannot actually be stored incrementally in the datastore, it needs to be saved to a temp file first. But the entry metadata can be updated continuously to inform the user of progress while creating the temp file (by not giving a filename yet in the update() call). Once the temp file is complete, it can be checked-in as usual. The user can cancel by clicking the x icon next to the progress bar. This deletes the entry, so you need to watch for the datastore's "Deleted(id)" signal.
meta =... # regular metadata
meta["progress"] = 0
id = datastore.create(meta, "") # create with progress bar
while (done() < 100) {
 if (got_signal(datastore, "Deleted", id))
 return user_cancelled();
 meta['progress'] = done()
 datastore.update(id, meta, "") # update progress bar
datastore.update(id, meta, # check-in file, remove progress bar
Journal UI
The Journal activity provides a D-Bus service to allow activities to bring up an object chooser dialog, focus searches etc.:
Service name: org.laptop.Journal
Object path: /org/laptop/Journal
Interface: org.laptop.Journal
Choosing Objects
Call this method to bring up the Chooser dialog (which looks like a small journal overlayed on your activity):
chooser_id = org.laptop.Journal.ChooseObject(xid, what_filter)
The xid should be your activity's X window handle, or 0. The filter says what type of Journal entries is preselected in the drop-down menu (this parameter was added in Sugar 0.83). It's a string containing either a bundle id (e.g.,'my.organization.MyActivity'), or one of the generic data types ('Text', 'Image', 'Video', 'Audio', 'Link' definition), or an empty string for no filter. The call returns immediately with a string chooser_id. You need to watch these signals which get emitted when an item is chosen or the dialog is canceled:
ObjectChooserResponse(chooser_id, object_id)
The object_id received in an ObjectChooserResponse signal then can be used to open the corresponding datastore object.
Focusing Objects
The Journal activity allows an activitiy to "focus" an object, so the user can immediately open it (this is currently the only way to have one activity "launch" a different activity).
Switches to the Journal activity and shows the selected object.
This can be used to, e.g., open a URL (create a URL object in the journal then call this) or to view source code (store the source code as text file in the journal then call ShowObject() on it).
To focus on multiple objects: org.laptop.Journal.FocusSearch(query) Removed in Sugar 0.83
Mount Points
Devices are represented as mount points in the datastore. If no mountpoint is explicitly specified, the main datastore (Journal) is used.
 mounts = datastore.mounts()
Returns an array of mount point descriptors where each descriptor is a dictionary containing at least the following keys:
'id': the id used to refer explicitly to the mount point
'title': Human readable identifier for the mountpoint
'uri': The uri which triggered the mount
Mount points can be specified when creating an object (using a'mountpoint' key and id value in the properties), and when querying the datastore (by adding a'mountpoints' query option).
Large files to be stored on an external device should be placed at the uri of the mount point (see external media).
Activities are isolated from each other and from the "olpc" user. They do not have the same permissions as you would expect in a non-restricted Linux environment (see Bitfrost and Rainbow). In particular, they can not write in the /home/olpc directory!
Users and Groups
While Sugar runs as user "olpc", activities do not (the Terminal activity as a maintenance tool is an exception).
Instead, each activity instance is run with a unique user id. That is, a new anonymous user is created when the user clicks an activity icon, and the Rainbow demon runs the activity under that user.
All instance of the same activity get the same unique group id. That is, a new anonymous group is created when the activity is run for the first time,


text:
Guitar | Bass | Keyboard | Microphones | Mixers | Audio Interfaces | Monitors | Sequencers | Soft Synths | Live Sound | Drums | Club | Accessories | Blowouts
Setting up Word Clock
in simple and advanced digital audio recording systems
by TweakHeadz Lab
As your digital audio rig gets larger you will inevitably have to deal with word clock distribution. At first, synchronizing word clocks of different digital audio devices is easy. In most cases, you can generate and transmit the word clock signal along with the digital audio signals passing from master to slave through s/pdif coax, Toslink and (sometimes) ADAT optical cables and AES/EBU cables. But soon enough you will run into a situation where syncing through audio cables will stop working.
That is where you need to set up a way to distribute the word clock master to all the slaves that need it. This is very simple stuff, so don't let it freak you. But don't confuse word clock with MIDI clock synchronization, Midi time code, SMPTE, or anything that regulates tempo. We'll talk about those in the next article.
Sample Words and the clock that regulates them
First, without getting too technical lets get into why we need a word clock. Digital audio, as we know, is made up of 1s and 0s, or bits. These bits are grouped into sample words. The word size for common digital audio is 16 bits, 24 bits and sometimes 32 bits and even 64 bits. Indeed when we talk about 24 bit audio we mean data with sample words of 24 registers for bits. When these sample words start and end at the same exact time on several devices, we have word sync. That is what we want.
The word clock sets the rate at which these words are transmitted. This to takes us back to our old friend the sample rate. We might use a clock rate of 32kH, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 96 kHz, and for those who have bought the hype 192 kHz.
When you use multiple digital audio devices they must use the same size word and travel at the same speed. We are keeping this simple. (More technical descrriptions) You might ask. What happens when you send a signal at a clock of 48kHz into a device working at 44.1. If you are lucky, it will just stop working. If not, you might find one of the devices explode into an intensely loud cascade of white noise. That is what can happen during an obviously big clock mismatch. (This is a good reason never to wear headphones when messing with word clocks! Keep your system volume WAY down too.)
But what about when the clocks are very close, but not perfectly, synchronized. Then we get what we can call "jitter". Jitter may be subtle or extreme. At it's extreme, there will be distortion that almost sounds like ring modulation in all the audio. Sometimes you will hear the rhythmic pulsing of soft white noise bursts happening about a second apart. (I usually hear that when I have 2 devices set to master.) As the rates get closer this is more like loud popping and crackling noise in the audio which still makes the audio unsuitable. As the rates get even closer, you might hear only a few microscopic barely audible ticks once every interval, sometimes 5, 20, 50 seconds apart. Many of us may actually have systems ridden with jitter but because the artifacts are so far apart we tend to ignore them like one would ignore the occasional record pop on a vinyl record.
SuperClocks. How much is hype?
The professional has to be particularly careful about distributing word clock because these ticks, even if far apart, are not acceptable. These tics and pops not only exist in the playback of audio, but are burned into the recorded data as well. While they can be surgically removed with audio editors, it is much better to get it right the first time! There is also a bit of audio voodoo here. Many professionals claim that even though there are no audible artifacts of jitter, a less that perfectly stable clock can cause degradations in clarity and on the width of the sound field. This leads them to buy special word clock generators known to have excellent stability. I call them SuperClocks. As you approach the high end digital audio converters, you will often see manufacturers tout why their clocks are better than their competitors. Is this hype? Much as with the claim that recording at 192kHz is "better", if there are differences in quality we may not be able to perceive them. A professional might simply buy a super word clock solution as insurance against jitter. Voodoo? Let your ears decide.
Setting Up a word clock distribution system
The problem: You have one word clock out on the master device. How do you get this one cable to go to all 3 slave machines? First, there can be only one master clock source. All other digital devices must be slaves. Second, word clock is a one way system. it does not have to loop around back to the Master's word clock in. Third, you can't assume that devices with a WC in and WC out will pass the signal at the in to the out. The WC out may be reserved only for signal internally transmitted.
Now lets apply a synchronized word clock to solve this problem.
There are two solutions here. 1) The more expensive solution is to get a word clock generator with multiple BNC outputs. Here the central device sends out the word clock to all four WC outputs. Each device reads the clock, locks into sync, and audio data flows smoothly from one device to the next.
Back of the Lucid Genx192 Notice how the inputs can send signal to various formats such as BNC, AES and s/pdif.
2) A second, less expensive method is to get several BNC "Tee" adapters. Every time you need to add a digital device with word clock, you get another cable and another Tee adapter and simply extend the system. You want to observe the gender of your cables to make sure you get the right ones. But I suggest the following rule. Because all WC ins and outs are female, all WC cables you buy should be male to male. That will mean that your Tee adapter should be male where you plug it into the unit and have two female arms. (see pic). That way you connect your male WC cables directly to each arm and on to the next device. Using the Tee basically splits the signal into two, so one goes to the device and the other passes on to the next.
To test your word clock connection just simply change the sample rate on the master. All the slaves should simultaneously change their sample rate. When you see that, you know you have wired the cables correctly. Now make a recording from each digital device listen carefully over headphones on playback for any evidence of ticks, pops, clicks, and more obvious forms of distortion. You should hear perfectly clean audio. If you do you have successfully applied a word clock distribution system. Congratulations.
Questions and Answers
Q) What is s/pdif, toslink, ADAT and AES/EBU
A) All of those a methods of transmitting digital audio data from device to device. Note that digital audio data is your audio signal after it has been converted to ones and zeros.
Q) Can you make your own Word Clock cables?
A) Yes. The cable is good old 75ohm cable just like your TV cable that has "F" connectors. Just go to an electronic store (or use my links to Amazon) and pick up some Female "F" to male BNC connectors that can be screwed on. Many video RCA cables are also 75ohm. With these just buy some Female RCA to Male BNC adapters. Coaxial s/pdif cable 75 ohm RCA cable. That can be used as well. BNC cables are used in professional broadcast systems and in home video surveillance systems. Places that serve these customers are more likely to have the adapters than your local music store.
Q) Is there any rule of thumb for deciding which device should be the master?
A) Yes. The device that does the most critical analog to digital conversion should be the master, when possible. The theory is that the "native" clock on the device doing the conversion will be better. However, a stable clock is better than an unstable clock, so in some situations the native clock rule does not hold.
Add you comments on this article at the following forum:
Definition of Word Clock in Wikipedia
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A python template engine
Project description
Codra is a template engine written in python to render a string given its template and the data to fill this template
pip install codra
from codra import Template
template = r"""
Hello my name is {{ name }}. I am {{ age }} years old.
This is the activities I do:
{{ for i, activity in enumerate(activities) }}
 {{ i }}. {{ activity }}
{{ endfor}}
Those are the type of numbers less than 20
{{ for i in range(20) }}
 {{ if is_prime(i) }}
 {{i}} is prime.
 {{ endif }}
 {{ if not is_prime(i) }}
 {{i}} is not prime.
 {{ endif}}
{{ endfor}}
def is_prime(n):
 if n < 2:
 return False
 elif n == 2:
 return False
 for i in range(2, n):
 if n % i == 0:
 return False
 return True
print(Template(template).render(name = "Alice", age = 20, activities = ["coding", "playing", "eating"], is_prime = is_prime, enumerate = enumerate))
The template consists mainly of data and executable sections which may be interleaved with each other. The executable sections is surrounded by double curly braces. {{ can be escaped by preceding it with backslash.
The executable sections (from now on called constructs) is divided into three types:
1. Expressions.
2. If conditions.
3. For loops.
The constructs are eventually replaced by text after rendering. Since expressions might contain identifiers and function calls, they're supplied in kwargs to the render function with the names that appear iniside the template.
Language constructs
In this section, the different language constructs is covered in more details.
Expressions in codra can be considered as a subset of the expressions in python. It's worth noting that the semantic analysis is based on that of python. The expressions is parsed and computed using the corresponding construct in python. That might explain a lot of the behaviour of the templare engine.
String literals are surrounded by either single quotation marks, or double quotation marks.
'hello world'
Numeric literals is any consecutive digits (only Integers is supported for now). Despite the fact that only integers is supported as literals, the result of any expression can be either integer of float.
Boolean literals is planned to be added with the case sensitive keywords True and False.
Arithmetic operators
The operators +, -, /, * and % have the same semantic meaning as they do in python. Which means that + can be used also to concatanate strings.
1 + 2 * 6 / 4 % 5 evaluates to 4
Comparison operators
You can use ==,!= to check for equality and <, <=, > and '>=' to compare different expressions
1 < 4 is True
Logical operators
and, or and not' can be used to combine the result of comparison expressions.
1 == 2 or not 3 == 4 evaluates to True
Access operators
Access operators are used to fetch the value from an object or a dictionary.
. is used to access class members of an object.
[] is used to get the value associated with a key in a dict.
Function calls
The built in functions len and range is supplied by default. To use another functions they must be supplied in the arguments of render. To call a function use its name along with a list of possibly empty parameters separated by, and enclosed in parentheses.
Template("{{ is_odd(1) }}").render(is_odd = lambda x : x % 2 == 1) evaluates to "True"
If conditions
If conditions are used to print the enclosing data only if the expression evaluates to True:
The Syntax of if condition is:
{{ if _condition_ }}
{{ endif }}
The body of the if can be any valid template (data, constructs or both). The if construct evaluates to its body if the condition is True, Otherwise, it's replaced by an empty string.
This is a condition to greet Alice only.
{{ if name == "Alice" }}
Hello {{ name }}.
{{ endif }}
""").render(name = "Alice")
this evaluates to:
This is condition to greet Alice only.
Hello Alice.
For loops
Loops can be used to iterate over any iterable python object (e.g. lists).
Loops can have one or more variables. It's translated by assigning the variable(s) to each item in the given iterable and evaluating the body of the loop. Then the result of each iteration is combined into a single unit.
{{ for i in range(len(lst)) }}
{{i + 1}}. {{ lst[i] }}
{{ endfor }}
""").render(lst = ['a', 'b', 'c'])
which is equivalent to:
{{ for i, e in enumerate(lst) }}
{{i + 1}}. {{ e }}
{{ endfor }}
""").render(lst = ['a', 'b', 'c'], enumerate = enumerate)
evaluates to:
1. a
2. b
3. c
Project details
Download files
Files for codra, version 0.0.3
Filename, size File type Python version Upload date Hashes
Filename, size codra-0.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (10.2 kB) File type Wheel Python version py3 Upload date Hashes View
Filename, size codra-0.0.3.tar.gz (9.3 kB) File type Source Python version None Upload date Hashes View
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From WikiFur, the furry encyclopedia.
(Redirected from Mryia Jackalope)
Jump to: navigation, search
Mryia, full Mryia Jackalope, alos known as Atomhirsch, is a German furry writer and photographer.
Mryia is a fine-art photographer of abandoned places. Mryia is an active part of the German Urban Exploration (Urbex) scene under the pseudonym Atomhirsch (The name could be translated into nuclear deer).
Equipped with a Pentax K20D DSLR camera he sneaks, creeps and climbs into all kinds of abandoned buildings and places to make his artistic shots of a world after mankind. Sometimes he carries a life-sized inflatable reindeer with him as a kind of mascot, or use a deer mask to hide his face when making self-portraits while trespassing.
Fandom involvement[edit]
Mryia was known as a plushophile with a large collection of big plushies in his earlier furry life. One of his hobbies was sewing and making SPHs to make plushies anatomically correct.
He was also took commissions from all over the world and had a good reputation with his work.[citation needed] Notably, he sold two plush toys to the New York Museum of Sex - one rabbit (in a FurBid auction) and one Meeko.[1]
Mryia's furry persona is a special form of the Jackalope, the German Rasselbock, named mryia, taken from the Ukrainian language to mean dream (The English pronunciation being mreea). He normally appears as an anthropomorphic hare with deer antlers, as well as tusks like a predator. The..
Mryia has written a lot of furry stories, many of which are erotic, although most of them are in German. Some of his most popular stories are Tales of the Jackalope and Kleiner Tiger Mikhal. Most of his literary works can be found at SoFurry.
 1. Museum of Sex exhibits modified plush toys, WikiFur News (February 18, 2007)
External links[edit]


text:
This article presents a detailed guide to remove unused old kernel images from the Debian system.
Remove Unused Old Kernel Images on Debian
To remove the unused old kernel images on Debian, follow the below-mentioned steps:
Step 1: Checking the Currently Used Kernel
To remove the old kernel, you must be logged into the new kernel, and to verify that, display the kernel you are using by running any the following command:
Step 2: Listing all Installed Kernels
Now to list all the installed kernels, run the below-mentioned command:
In the output, you will get the list of all the kernels, as shown in the image below:
Note: You might find some very old kernel-images in the list, as my system is updated so I only have new 5.10 version kernel images.
Step 3: Removing Unused Kernel Images
Once you have gotten the list of all installed kernel images, now you can remove all the kernel images that you think you don't need any longer, and for that use the below-written command:
Step 4: Auto Removing
In latest Linux systems, usually the unused packages are marked for un-installation, so to automatically clean the Debian system it's better to remove the unused kernel images by running the below-written command:
After following all of the above-mentioned steps, your Debian system will have more space on the disk and all the unused packages and kernel images will get removed from the system. You can reboot the system for a fresh start if you want but that is not mandatory.
To remove the old unused kernel images on Debian, firstly list all the installed kernels after which you can remove the old kernel images that are no longer required by running the "apt-get purge remove" command along with the name of the kernel image. Finally, run the auto-remove command to clean the system from unused packages and to free up the space on the system's disk.


text:
What type of information is the CRC collecting?
Recreational infrastructure data fall under five categories: indoor recreation, outdoor recreation, youth recreational programming, adult recreational programming, and waterfront recreational amenities. For an example an example of the 2018-2019 inventory, contact the CRC.
How are data for recreation collected?
The CRC collects community recreation data by contacting local officials knowledgeable of a community's recreational infrastructure (e.g., director of parks and recreation). Once we have contacted the appropriate person, we send a questionnaire-inventory to the point person to complete via secure online survey platform. Responses are completed by the community point person. If a data point is missing or empty, it is because this information was not provided to the CRC by the contact person.
When is the data collected?
We collect community recreational infrastructure data in two-year rotations. The first wave of data collection occurred in 2016-2017, and the second wave of data collection is underway for 2018-2019. We plan to collect a third wave starting in January of 2020 through December of 2021. If your community has not yet completed an inventory, please contact the CRC at _EMAIL_. We can send you a secure link to complete this information.
All data points were recoded into dichotomous variables. For example, we collect data on things such as the number of parks, number of baseball fields, and miles of paved trails in the community. For our data visualization, we recode these data into whether the recreational amenity is present (1) or absent (0) for creating overall and category scores. After data were recoded, we created z-scores, or standardized scores, for each community by population cluster group and recreational category (i.e., indoor, outdoor, youth programs, adult programs, and when appropriate, waterfront) using the following formula:
Z-score = (Community Category Value) minus (Average of Community Category Value) / (Standard Deviation of Community Category Value)
The population clusters were determined utilizing k-mean cluster analysis, which resulted in three distinct groups. Z-scores are relative to other communities within the same population cluster and not an absolute measure.
We completed this process for each of the four main categories (i.e., indoor, outdoor, youth programs, and adult programs) and then added or summed each category together to establish an overall score. Formula:
Total Recreation Score = Indoor (z-score) + Outdoor (z-score) + Youth Programs (z-score) + Adult Programs (z-score)
We utilized the following cutoffs in order to assign the expectation level for each community within each recreation category as well as the overall score:
- Exceeds Expectations are communities whose recreation score is > 0.5 standard deviations from the mean of all communities within their population group.
- Meets Expectations are communities whose recreation score is between 0.5 and -0.5 standard deviations from the mean of all communities within their population group.
- Below Expectations are communities whose recreation score is < -0.5 standard deviations from the mean of all communities within their population group.
If you would like to know more detail about your community, please contact the CRC at _EMAIL_.


now somewhat obsolete) parameter ''n'' is not given, a pade continuation is used. Otherwise, ''n'' specifies the number of poles used in the fit function for the analytic continuation of the self-energy. The fitting procedure can be influenced further by adding single characters to ''n''; character "''c''": employ additional constraints (i.e., integrability of the self-energy and continuity of its derivative at {\omega=0}), "''+''": add a constant to the fit function as a parameter, "''*''": allow poles above the real frequency axis. (Default Pade)
''CONTOUR D d'': Specifies contour integration for the evaluation of the self-energy. The first argument ''D'', if it is a number, defines the interval for the numerical derivative :math:'{d/d\epsilon \Sigma(\epsilon) = [\Sigma(\epsilon+D)-\Sigma(\epsilon-D)]/(2D)}' where :math:'{\epsilon}' is the corresponding KS energy. It can also be defined as a range, e.g. ''{-0.5..0.5,0.01}'' or ''[{-0.5..0.5,0.01}]'', which defines an equidistant mesh (relative to the Kohn-Sham energy or in absolute energies, the latter is the only viable definition for a ''GW FULL'' calculation) on which the self-energy is evaluated and which is used to solve the nonlinear quasiparticle equation (neglecting off-diagonal elements). The second argument ''d'' defines the step size of an equidistant mesh for the screened interaction. If ''d'' is omitted, a Pade continuation is used for the screened interaction (Keywords ''CONTINUE'' and ''CONTOUR'' are mutually exclusive.) (Default none)
''FREQINT SPLINE/PADE'': Algorithm for frequency integration in :math:'{\int G(\omega+\omega')W(\omega')d\omega'}': the screened interaction is interpolated with a splines or with a Pade approximation. (Default SPLINE)
''LFRAC l'': l cutoff for the treatment of the anisotropy at the point :math:'{k=0}'. For isotropic systems ''l=1'' is enough. (Default 1)
''MESH n x'': Defines the imaginary frequency mesh where ''n'' is the number of points and ''x'' the frequency of the last point. Instead, one can also specify a file that contains the frequency mesh as a list with ''MESH filename''. (Default 10 10.0)
''NOZERO'': Neglect zero order terms in the self-energy coming from combinations of divergent terms math:'{1/k}' and math:'{1/k^2}' in the (bare or screened) interaction with linear and quadratic terms of the other quantities. This is necessary to converge the k-point sampling for materials with small band gaps. (Default false)
''RPAENE'': Calculate RPA correlation energy "on the fly". (Default false)
''VXC READ/CALC'': Specifies whether the vxc matrix elements are calculated or read from the file ''vxcfull''. (Default READ)
.. note:: ''IMAGTIME'': Since version 02.00 the correlation self-energy is evaluated by a direct frequency convolution of {G} and {W} rather than a multiplication in imaginary time. With the keyword ''IMAGTIME'' the latter (older) algorithm can still be used. (In some cases the old algorithm is considerably faster.) (Default false) :)
Section ''WANNIER''
''FROZEN e'': Use frozen energy window. Lower bound is defined automatically, upper bound can be defined with the optional parameter ''e''. If ''e'' is not given, Spex guesses a reasonable value. (Default false)
''MAXIMIZE'': Use maximally localized Wannier functions instead of the first-guess ones. (Default false)
''ORBITALS (..) (..)..'': Defines the orbitals for the first guess. Round brackets ''()'' for atoms, square brackets ''[]'' for atom types. In the brackets, one can use ;-separated lists of s,p,d,f,px,py,pz,dxy,dyz,dxz,dz2,dx2y2,t2g,eg,fz3,fxz2,fyz2,fzxy,fxyz,fxxy,fyxy,sp,sp2,sp3,sp3d,sp3d2. Euler angles can be specified with, e.g., ''sp,120,0,0''. (Default none)
''RSITE latvec'': Calculate off-site Hubbard interaction parameters (in addition to the on-site ones) with ''latvec'' being a lattice vector, e.g., ''(0,0,1)'' or several lattice vectors, e.g., ''(0,0,1) (0,0,3)'' or ''(0,0,1)-(0,0,3)'' or ''(0,1..2,1..3)''. The latter two define a list of lattice vectors: (0,0,1), (0,0,2), (0,0,3) and (0,1,1), (0,2,1), (0,1,2), (0,2,2), (0,1,3), (0,2,3), respectively. (Default none)
(''UREAD''): Wannier U matrix elements are read from the Fleur output file. (Default false)
(''WSCALE s''): Scaling factor ''s'' for the screened Coulomb interaction for spin-wave calculations. ''s'' can be a range...... to be completed! (Default none)
.. _specifics:
Spex and Fleur
In the Fleur [[input]] file there is a flag for writing out the necessary data for a Spex calculation. It is called ''gw'' and is appended to line 23 of the Fleur ''inp'' file.
''n'' can take four values:
* ''gw=0'': No output files are generated (default; the same as omitting ''gw'' and ''numbands'' altogether).
* ''gw=1'': Some basic parameters are written to several files. Otherwise Fleur runs as usual.
* ''gw=2'': All output files necessary for Spex are created and Fleur stops after one iteration (without updating the potential). In this case you should also set ''pot8=T'' and the maximal number of bands ''N''. The latter overrides the default ''neigd'' value in [[fl7para]].
* ''gw=3'': Self-consistent cycle for QSGW. Same as ''gw=1'' but adds {$ \Sigma^{\mathrm{QSGW}}_{\mathrm{xc}}(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{r}')-v_{\mathrm{xc}}(\mathbf{r}) $} to the Hamiltonian in each iteration.
The output files are
* ''gwa'': Basic parameters including the atomic numbers and positions in the unit cell, lattice parameters and basis vectors, FLAPW l cutoff, and local-orbital parameters,
* ''LATTC'': FLAPW G cutoff,
* ''radfun'': radial basis functions,
* ''ecore'': core-electron functions,
* ''eig'': k points, wave-function coeffients (interstitial), energies,
* ''abcoeff'': wave-function coefficients (muffin tins),
* ''vxc'': expectation values of the xc potential (diagonal elements),
* ''vxcfull'': matrix of the xc potential,
* ''qsgw'': matrix of the QSGW self-energy (only for QSGW calculations).
Furthermore Spex needs the Fleur files [[fl7para]] and ''sym.out''.
Some comments about the DFT calculation
Accurate description of conduction states
As in a ''GW'' calculation the conduction states enter both the Green function and the screened interaction, they should be accurately described already in the KS system which is our starting point for the perturbation treatment. The LAPW basis, however, only guarantees well described occupied states. In order to obtain well-converged ''GW'' results, one must make the basis set more flexible, especially in the MT regions, by introducing local orbitals either at high energy parameters or as higher-order energy derivatives [see C. Friedrich et al., Phys. Rev. B 74, 045104 (2006)].
Role of semicore states
High-lying semicore states can appear as badly described "ghost bands" in the valence band region leading to a wrong DFT ground state. A possible solution is to use local orbitals and extend the energy window, such that the semicore states are treated as valence states. On the other hand if the ghost bands are above the Fermi energy, they usually pose no problem in a DFT calculation. In a ''GW'' calculation, however, the conduction states are also relevant, and one must make sure that there are no ghost bands at all in the energy spectrum. Therefore, it might be necessary to treat more (and deeper) semicore states as valence states than are needed in the DFT calculation.
As an indication for such a case the overlap of core states with basis and wave functions calculated in the routine "checkinput" should be checked. As an example, here is the output for Strontium Titanate with


2 Alaska volcanoes on alert as lava flows
Fresh lava flows off Pavlof volcano on May 13, 2013. The photo was taken from a plane at about 10,500 feet.
Story highlights
 - Both volcanoes are historically very active, a USGS scientist says
 - There's "eruptive activity" at the Pavlof volcano, an 8,261-foot summit linked to Alaska mainland
 - Lava is flowing there as well as at the Cleveland volcano, also part of the Aleutian range
 - Watches are out for both
The volcanoes are Pavlof and Cleveland, both in the Aleutian Island range southwest of mainland Alaska. The Alaska Volcano Observatory has issued a watch due to heightened activity, plus an orange code regarding how they might affect planes in the area.
At Pavlof, the higher of the two summits at 8,261 feet, the observatory reported "eruptive activity" that followed "an increase in seismic activity." Lava has been spotted about 0.3 of a mile (half a kilometer) down the volcano's north flank.
Unlike Cleveland, Pavlof is not on an island but rather is connected to the Alaskan mainland.
The 5,676-foot high Cleveland is about 350 miles to the southwest. It has 100-meter wide swath of lava extending about 1 mile down its southeastern flank, according to the Alaska Volcano Observatory.
Five climbers killed in Philippines after deadly volcanic ash blast
That organization noted Cleveland could produce ash clouds rising more than 20,000 feet above sea level. Beyond any impact on fish, wildlife and humans, large ash clouds could negatively impact air travel.
"They are very similar, and both have the ability to erupt," John Power, a scientist from the U.S. Geological Survey, told CNN.
After "eruptive activity" last year at the Cleveland volcano, University of Alaska Fairbanks scientist Steve McNutt noted that 90% of air freight from Asia to Europe and North America flies over Alaska airspace, and hundreds of flights fly through Anchorage's air space daily.
Why some travelers seek out world's most dangerous locales
"We think of the Aleutian Islands as being remote and desolate" Power explained, "but when you come up to 30,000 feet we are talking about 20 to 30,000 people there every single day."
Power described Pavlof as "one of the most historically active volcanoes in the Northern Hemisphere. Cleveland is also "very active," having last had a large eruption in 2001.
A complicating and potentially troubling factor for Cleveland is it's not monitored with ground instruments, like Pavlof. Years of declining budgets have made adding such technology, to such a remote locale, increasingly challenging..
And all of it means it takes longer for anyone to realize Cleveland erupts, which could prove hazardous for any planes flying through.
"For instance,... on May 4, we had a sizable eruption, and we weren't even aware for about 40 minutes," Power said.
Imposing central Mexican volcano spews ash skyward


text:
A33. propagation along a channel
The purpose of this test is to verify the influence of diffraction for waves propagating along a channel. The amplitude of the waves decays in axial direction due to loss of energy in lateral direction. The waves computed by Swan are Compared with an analytical solution taken from Booij (1981). This analytical solution was validated by measurements, see Booij (1981). The axis of the channel is in N-S direction.
At the Southern boundary an incident wave field is assumed which propagates from the Southern boundary in N direction. The peak period is 10 s.
In the analytical solution the amplitude along the axis is constant. Computed values for Hs along the axis are compared with the analytical results.
3 cases are considered:
The highest panel shows the decay of Hs along the channel.
It is seen that diffraction enhances the decay. Diffraction in Swan
does not give enough decay if compared with the analytical solution.


401c shuffling - Programming in Python and Ruby
Training, Open Source computer languages
PerlPHPPythonMySQLApache / TomcatTclRubyJavaC and C++LinuxCSS
Search for:
Posted by admin (Graham Ellis), 19 April 2004
Question - how do I re-arrange the elements in a list into a random order (e.g. to shuffle a pack of cards, or to arrange the tracks on a CD into a random order for playing each once?)
Answer - use the power of a Python module - in this case the random module which includes a shuffle fucntion that does exactly what you need.
from random import *
from sys import *
top = int(argv[1])
basehand = range(1,top+1)
for track in basehand:
 print track
You can Add a comment or ranking to this page


MirOS Manual: mkdir(1)
MKDIR(1) BSD Reference Manual MKDIR(1)
 mkdir - make directories
 mkdir [-p] [-m mode] directory_name [...]
 The mkdir utility creates the directories named as operands, in the order
 specified, using mode rwxrwxrwx (0777) as modified by the current
 The options are as follows:
 -m mode
 Set the file permission bits of the final created directory to
 the specified mode. The mode argument can be in any of the formats specified to the chmod(1) utility. If a symbolic mode is
 specified, the operators '+' and '-' are interpreted relative to
 an initial mode of "a=rwx".
 -p Create intermediate directories as required. If this option is
 not specified, the full path prefix of each operand must already
 exist. Intermediate directories are created with permission bits
 and search permission for the owner. Do not consider it an error
 if the argument directory already exists.
 The user must have write permission in the parent directory. For an explanation of the directory hierarchy, see hier(7).
 The mkdir utility exits 0 on success or >0 if an error occurred.
 Create a directory named foobar:
 $ mkdir foobar
 Create a directory named foobar and set its file mode to 700:
 $ mkdir -m 700 foobar
 Create a directory named cow/horse/monkey, creating any non-existent intermediate directories as necessary:
 $ mkdir -p cow/horse/monkey
 chmod(1), rmdir(1), umask(2), hier(7)
 The mkdir utility is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") compati-
 A mkdir command appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
MirOS BSD #10-current January 25, 1994 1
This product includes material provided by Thorsten Glaser.


text: The dietary protein to energy ratio, in fish diets, is of great importance. Levels of dietary protein and energy, not only influence the growth and body composition, but also digestive enzymes activities and plasma metabolites in various fishes and increasing the protein level of the diet does not result in better protein utilization. Providing adequate energy through dietary lipids can minimize the use of more costly protein as an energy source. The objective of the present study was to study the effect of varying dietary protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents on the growth and feed performance, nutrient and energy utilization, digestibility, body composition and organ indices of Cyprinus carpio communis fingerlings in order to determine the feed formulation with optimum P/E ratio which would reduce the FCR value and make production of Common carp economical. To further understand the metabolic effects of dietary nutrients, variations in acid and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities were also studied. The present work will be helpful for the fish nutrition scientists and the fish nutrition research students.


International benchmarking with Progress Test Series
The Progress Test Series (PT Series)® for English, maths and science are standardised against the UK school population. Many international schools have asked for an international school standardisation of these assessments. However, we feel that:
 - A single representative international standardisation is difficult due to the diversity of international schools – for example curriculum, geography, number of students with English as Additional Language (EAL) differ between schools.
 - And, more importantly:•Our UK standardisations, based on a diverse student population, have proven to be relevant and reliable for many international schools.
Standard Age Score
The Standard Age Score (SAS) is based on the student's raw score, which is then adjusted for age and scaled to a mean of 100. When comparing SAS scores, a difference of less than 3 points is not usually seen as statistically significant.
In 2018 we carried out benchmarking exercises to compare the scores achieved by thousands of international students globally against the standardisations for CAT4.
We have now also analysed PT Series scores from all our international school customers to provide useful benchmarking for your schools.
Table 1 shows the mean Standardised Age Scores (SAS) for different levels of the PT Series of assessments for English, maths and science.
The distribution of international scores for the PT Series is higher overall for international schools when compared with the UK standardisation profile. Results show that typically international school students tend to score more highly across English, Maths and, in particular, in Science.
Differences highlighted in green are significantly higher for the international sample compared with the UK. The increased size of the differential might be attributed to several factors such as value added by the teaching in these schools or higher aspirational levels.
Table 1: PT Series international benchmarks
 Mean SAS
Progress Test International UK Difference UK v International
English PTE07 105.1 100 +5.1
PTE08 105.7 100 +5.7
PTE09 103.6 100 +3.6
PTE10 101.3 100 +1.3
PTE11 105.6 100 +5.6
PTE12 98.8 100 -1.2
PTE13 101.7 100 +1.7
PTE14 100.6 100 +0.6
Maths PTM07 105.4 100 +5.4
PTM08 103.1 100 +3.1
PTM09 103.8 100 +3.8
PTM10 104.6 100 +4.6
PTM11 101.1 100 +1.1
PTM12 105.6 100 +5.6
PTM13 105.5 100 +5.5
PTM14 109.8 100 +9.8
Science PTS08 111.1 100 +11.1
PTS09 105.1 100 +5.1
PTS10 107.5 100 +7.5
PTS11 104.3 100 +4.3
PTS13 103.9 100 +3.9
PTS14 115.1 100 +15.1
How can schools use the data?
Plan resourcing at a cohort level
Does one year group appear to be significantly below average or less able than your other year groups? Can you provide additional teaching support for this cohort?
Take advantage of the combination reports
Quickly identify students who are under performing by using the automatic combination reports for the PT Series and CAT4 together.
Set realistic but challenging targets
PT Series reports provide a useful range of likely outcomes for each student. Some schools use these as a basis for a discussion with students helping them take ownership of their targets.
Your point of reference
The original UK standardisation is a reliable and valid benchmark for international students. Schools may additionally wish to compare their own data to the findings of this benchmarking exercise to see how their own school results compare those internationally.


text:
Rinish the Keep it Simple worksheet.
Read "The Meaning of Sarah Palin" (.pdf file).
Write a journal entry on the Sarah Palin article including at least one sentence answering each of these questions:
1. What is the main idea?
2. Where does the author state the main idea?
3. What evidence does the author give to support the main idea?


Not logged in
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Dupont, Lydie M; Behling, Hermann; Kim, Jung-Hyun (2008): AMS radiocarbon dates and pollen analysis of ODP Hole 175-1078C. PANGAEA,, Supplement to: Dupont, LM et al. (2008): Thirty thousand years of vegetation development and climate change in Angola (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1078). Climate of the Past, 4, 107-124,
RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth
ODP Site 1078 situated under the coast of Angola provides the first record of the vegetation history for Angola. The upper 11 m of the core covers the past 30 thousand years, which has been analysed palynologically in decadal to centennial resolution. Alkenone sea surface temperature estimates were analysed in centennial resolution. We studied sea surface temperatures and vegetation development during full glacial, deglacial, and interglacial conditions. During the glacial the vegetation in Angola was very open consisting of grass and heath lands, deserts and semi-deserts, which suggests a cool and dry climate. A change to warmer and more humid conditions is indicated by forest expansion starting in step with the earliest temperature rise in Antarctica, 22 thousand years ago. We infer that around the period of Heinrich Event 1, a northward excursion of the Angola Benguela Front and the Congo Air Boundary resulted in cool sea surface temperatures but rain forest remained present in the northern lowlands of Angola. Rain forest and dry forest area increase 15 thousand years ago. During the Holocene, dry forests and Miombo woodlands expanded. Also in Angola globally recognised climate changes at 8 thousand and 4 thousand years ago had an impact on the vegetation. During the past 2 thousand years, savannah vegetation became dominant.
Latitude: -11.920770 * Longitude: 13.400250
Date/Time Start: 1997-09-03T18:10:00 * Date/Time End: 1997-09-04T06:05:00
175-1078C * Latitude: -11.920770 * Longitude: 13.400250 * Date/Time Start: 1997-09-03T18:10:00 * Date/Time End: 1997-09-04T06:05:00 * Elevation: -426.0 m * Penetration: 165.2 m * Recovery: 149.58 m * Location: Benguela Current, South Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: Leg175 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 18 cores; 165.2 m cored; 0 m drilled; 90.5 % recovery
3 datasets
Download Data


text:
Feminine Identity in Contemporary American Photography
By Susan Fisher Stering and Kathryn A. Wat
Photographs by Mary Ellen Mark
In our image‑conscious world, photography is one of the most powerful mediators of our sense of self; it is a truism of contemporary life that we view ourselves through the camera's eye. Role Models: Feminine Identity in Contemporary American Photography explores the ways in which female identity is constructed through the art of photography. The exhibition features seventy works by eighteen artists from two generations whose portraiture, self‑portraiture, and narrative photographs have indelibly inflected our understanding of gender and identity over the past twenty-five years.
The First Generation
In the 1980s, American photography experienced a remarkable sea change as women such as postmodern artist Cindy
Sherman (b. 1954) and documentary photographer Nan Goldin (b. 1953) re‑envisioned how identity and gender could be defined by the camera. In her Untitled Film Stills of 1977‑80, Sherman simulated feminine roles as expressed through magazines, television, and film. She worked in a performative mode, serving as her own model and using makeup and props to develop a number of identities.
Goldin was intent on closely documenting her own life's story. Her photographs of friends, lovers, and herself in the intimate spaces of their homes and hangouts are gritty and unsparing. The images from Goldin's Ballad of Sexual Dependency, 1981‑96, are so relentlessly personal that they have both a decadence and an allure that confounds their journalistic premise. Sherman's and Goldin's photographs established a new and much larger arena for women's self representation in contemporary photography. As complementary approaches, their work stands at the center of Role Models. The first‑generation artists in the exhibition amplified photography's ability to weave a story and express truth, often simultaneously.
In the 1980s many women artists and photographers realized that they could be the creator and the subject of their work. Liberated by the feminist and civil rights movements of the 1970s, the first generation photographers in Role Models avidly explored how gender and identity reflected the changing social order. They took on roles and acted out a feminine masquerade for the camera, using staged setups, stand‑ins, and synecdoche. Documentary photography also was being recalibrated as artists drew upon the special bond of kinship or friendship to create photographs of and about children,
families, acquaintances, and/or themselves. They regularly depicted the varied roles that girls and young women "tried on" as part of the internal, subjective struggle to find a gendered identity that fit.
Like Sherman, Laurie Simmons (b. 1949) critiqued women's roles in modern society in her photographs. She centered on the narrow ideals of 1950s‑ and '60s‑style feminine domesticity by photographing dolls in tiny kitchens, living rooms, and yards that she had constructed. Simmons's images are frankly staged and sometimes eerie, but their humble content also makes them comfortingly familiar. Her art is about the seductive quality of memories and stereotypes.
Below: Sally Mann, Lithe and the Birthday Cake, 19B3‑B5; Gelatin silver print; B x 10 in.; Courtesy of the artist and Gagosian Gallery, New York
Conceptual artist Eleanor Antin (b. 1935) documented her performances exploring the mutability of female identity in photographs and videos. In the late 1970s, Antin assumed the roles of the "King" of a beach in southern California, a ballerina, and a nurse. She felt that the mythologies that defined historical characters such as Florence Nightingale fueled the outsider status of women in the twentieth century. To more fully inhabit—and transform these characters, Antin dressed in historically accurate costumes and even printed her photographs in period formats.
Lorna Simpson's (b. 1960) evocative imagery often paired with allusive texts—makes powerful reference to a history of racial and sexual oppression. She created carefully posed photographs in which her black female models' faces are covered, cropped out of the frame of vision, or turned away from the viewer. Some models are dressed in plain white shifts, others in men's suits.
Other first‑generation photographers sought the immediacy of documentary‑style photography to explore the complicated state of contemporary womanhood. Mary Ellen Mark (b. 1940) preferred a quirkiness and on‑the‑run style of shooting that give her images a distinctly raw quality that exposes the plight of the disenfranchised. In the 1980s, Mark photographed female prostitutes, women confined in a hospital for the mentally ill, and, with a commission in 1983 from Life magazine, street children in Seattle. Her images of "Tiny" drinking, despairing over a boyfriend, fighting with her mother, and bathing her children—paint the picture of a life that is fraught, complex, and unresolved. Similarly, in her expansive body of work depicting children, Sally Mann (b. 1951) recorded the wildly varied identities that her models expressed for her. Her preteen sitters are alternately worldly and disinterested, or ladylike and ingratiating.
Tina Barney (b. 1945) shared Mark's goal of revealing a world (on the opposite end of the economic spectrum) that is foreign to most of us: affluent subjects ensconced in lavish interiors that signify their identity as much as their clothing, posture, or expression. At Barney's direction, the women stand in doorways and at windows, perch on beds, and repeat unconscious gestures that allude to underlying emotional discomfiture. Barney acknowledges the tension in her photographs between what seems real and spontaneous and what
appears to be fictional and affected.
In Untitled (Kitchen Table Series), 1999, Carrie Mae Weems (b. 1953) combined fictional texts and staged photographs (in which she herself is the central figure) to tell the story of a woman's relationship to her man, their child, and her friends within a domestic setting. In 1995‑96, she represented nineteenth‑century ethnographic daguerreotypes of enslaved African, and African Americans, printing them on a large scale and overlaying them with text that alludes to their original degrading purpose. Weems's works expose the abuses of "straight" photography while expanding on its capacity for deeper meaning, demonstrating how often and powerfully political ideologies shape our notions and visions of truth.
Above: Detail: Carrie Mae Weems, From Here I Saw What Happened and
I Cried(House/Field/Yard/Kitchen), 1995‑96; Four monochromatic chromogenic prints with sandblasted text on glass; 26 ½ x 22 ¾ in. each.; Courtesy of the artist and Jack Shainman Gallery, New York
Left: Mary Ellen Mark, Tiny in Her Halloween Costume, Seattle, 1983; Gelatin silver print: 11 x 14 in.; courtesy of the artist and the Mary Ellen Mark Library/Studio


text:
A person working in a hydrogen lab unknowingly closed the wrong hydrogen valve and proceeded to loosen a fitting in one of the hydrogen gas lines. The pressure in the 1/4"-diameter hydrogen line was approximately 110 psig. Hydrogen escaped from the loosened fitting and the pressure release resulted in the tubing completely detaching and falling to the floor. The person noted seeing a white stream around the hydrogen jet leak. The person noted a color change and noise change as the leak ignited (this happened in a matter seconds and he did not have a chance to react). The person left the lab and pushed the emergency stop button. Someone else pulled the fire alarm. Both of these actions were designed to close the main hydrogen solenoid (shutoff) valve. The local emergency response view more
A process area alarm activated. The alarm was caused by an instrument channel located above a reaction vessel off-gas system final HEPA filter canister, which indicated 25% of the lower explosive limit (LEL) for hydrogen. Since the only source of hydrogen is from the reaction vessel during the reaction of sodium with concentrated sodium hydroxide, the immediate actions were to shutdown the reaction process and place the facility in a safe condition.
The root cause was inadequate or defective design. Had the pre-filter drains been vented to outside the building, no hydrogen could accumulate in the process area. The corrective action for this is to complete an Engineering Task Authorization (ETA) to install a sample/drain collection system with loop seals to prevent any release of view more