Loinc - FHIR v4.6.0
Release 5 Draft Ballot
Vocabulary Work GroupMaturity Level: 5Standards Status: Trial Use
SourceLOINC is made available by the Regenstrief Institute at _URL_
SystemThe URI _URL_ identifies LOINC codes
VersionWhere a version is used, it should be the standard LOINC version e.g. 2.48
CodeThe LOINC Code Identifier e.g. 21176-3. LOINC codes are not case sensitive. In addition, LOINC part codes and LOINC answer string ids can be used where appropriate
DisplayUse either the SHORTNAME or LONG_COMMON_NAME field for the display
InactiveCodes with Property STATUS = DEPRECATED are considered inactive for use in ValueSet.compose.inactive
SubsumptionLOINC defines the Multi-Axial Hierarchy, which is the basis for subsumption logic in LOINC
Filter PropertiesSeveral properties are defined as described below
The terms of use for LOINC require that a notice be included with any use of LOINC codes. This notice must appear in the copyright element of any value set that includes LOINC codes (either in the code or filter elements, or in an expansion):
Additional copyright statements may also be found in the copyright element. Some LOINC codes have 3rd party copyright statements. When these codes are included in a value set, they must carry their own copyright statement as well.
Regenstrief Institute provides access to LOINC's terminology content through the HL7® FHIR® API. See the LOINC FHIR Terminology Server page for details.
For comparison purposes, LOINC codes, displays, and property values are not case sensitive, though implementers SHOULD maintain the correct case when using LOINC codes and property values.
As described in the LOINC Manual section 10.2, LOINC Parts are a coded representation of a value for a dimension used to specify a LOINC Term which are assigned a non-semantic identifier with a "LP" prefix and a mod-10 check digit. Following the LOINC license, these part codes may be used in the following ways:
 - In filter properties, as described below
 - In Structure Definitions, where the structure describes the use of a set of LOINC codes
 - In a ConceptMap resource, where mappings between LOINC codes and other codes are being defined
Part codes are the same LOINC system (_URL_) and SHALL be represented in uppercase (e.g. LP31755-9).
LOINC also allocates Answer List and Answer String Ids for use in various forms and questionnaires. LOINC Answer String IDs are also valid LOINC codes:

LOINC Answer List Ids are actually value set identifiers. See below for how to use these.
LOINC uses the namespace _URL_ as the root for LOINC concepts in the RDF space. This means that when a LOINC code is converted from the system:code pair, where the system is _URL_, to the RDF ontological form, the representation is _URL_
In addition to the standard properties, the following LOINC table fields are defined as code system properties when using LOINC in FHIR:
STATUSstringStatus of the term
COMPONENTcodeFirst major axis-component or analyte: Analyte Name, Analyte sub-class, Challenge
PROPERTYcodeSecond major axis-property observed: Kind of Property (also called kind of quantity)
TIME_ASPCTcodeThird major axis-timing of the measurement: Time Aspect (Point or moment in time vs. time interval)
SYSTEMcodeFourth major axis-type of specimen or system: System (Sample) Type
SCALE_TYPcodeFifth major axis-scale of measurement: Type of Scale
METHOD_TYPcodeSixth major axis-method of measurement: Type of Method
CLASSstringAn arbitrary classification of the terms for grouping related observations together
CONSUMER_NAMEstringAn experimental (beta) consumer friendly name for this item. The intent is to provide a test name that health care consumers will recognize; it will be similar to the names that might appear on a lab report
CLASSTYPEstring1=Laboratory class; 2=Clinical class; 3=Claims attachments; 4=Surveys
ORDER_OBSstringProvides users with an idea of the intended use of the term by categorizing it as an order only, observation only, or both
DOCUMENT_SECTIONstringClassification of whether this LOINC code can be used a full document, a section of a document, or both
Note that when a $lookup operation is performed on a LOINC code, servers SHALL return the version being used (see above) in the version property. Other properties are at the discretion of the server and the client.
This section documents the property filters that can be used with the LOINC code system in value set composition statements.
DescriptionAllows the selection of a set of LOINC codes with a common property value (see list above)
Property NameOne of the names listed in the "Field Name" column in LOINC Database Structure (Appendix A of the LOINC manual)
Operations Allowed= / regex
Values Allowed[string value]
CommentsThe 6 properties COMPONENT, PROPERTY, TIME_ASPCT, SYSTEM, SCALE_TYP, and METHOD_TYP are most likely to be useful.
DescriptionAllows for the inclusion or exclusion of LOINC codes that include 3rd party copyright notices
Property Namecopyright
Operations Allowed=
Values AllowedLOINC | 3rdParty
CommentsLOINC = only codes with a sole copyright by Regenstrief. 3rdParty = only codes with a 3rd party copyright in addition to the one from Regenstrief.
DescriptionAllows for the selection of a set of codes base on their appearance in the LOINC multi-axial hierarchy
Property Nameparent | ancestor
Operations Allowed= / in
Values AllowedPart Code (or, for "in", multiple part codes separated by commas)
Comments"parent" selects immediate parents only. For example, the code "44022-2" has the parent "LP52960-9". Ancestor includes parents transitively, e.g. "LP52960-9" eventually has a parent "LP31755-9", so the code "44022-2" is in the set of codes that have ancestor=LP31755-9
TODO: Document Ontology
Implicit value sets are those whose specification can be predicted based on the grammar of the underlying code system, and the known structure of the URL that refers to them. LOINC defines one set of implicit value sets: By Multi-Axial Hierarchy Entry.
If any value set resources exist with an identifier that conforms to the URL patterns specified below, the content of the resource must conform to the template provided. Profiles and other value set references are allowed to reference these value sets directly.
The value set identifier _URL_ is a value set that contains all LOINC codes.
LOINC defines a set of Answer lists, each of which contains a set of LOINC codes. LOINC answer lists are value sets. The value set identifier "_URL_ identifies a value set that contains a set of LOINC codes. For instance, the value set identifier _URL_ has the following definition for LOINC 2.52:

 [some html that identifies that this value set
 includes all LOINC codes in this answer list]

Here is an example of a LOINC Answer list used in a Questionnaire question:

A value set with an identifier of "_URL_ must conform to this


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Domestic Violence and Family Safety: A systemic approach to working with violence in families
The book aims to explore the exciting opportunities offered by a systemic approach for mental health professionals and psychotherapists when working with families and other systems where domestic violence in intimate relationships is of concern. The main purpose of the book lies in the application of systemic thinking to safety and to understanding the complexity of domestic violence on family relationships over time.
The authors outline their approach to these complex issues based on their eight years of joint experience in the Reading Safer Families project. They draw from a broad field of family psychology and systemic psychotherapy to distil the theories, methods and techniques most helpful to practitioners working in modern public and voluntary agencies. Their systemic approach to issues of risk, responsibility and collaboration provides a coherent framework within which to integrate practice. The book also provides a practice orientated and detailed approach to risk assessment, risk management and family reunification.
This book will be of interest to practitioners in clinical and educational psychology, social work, nursing, psychiatry, probation, health visiting, counselling and psychotherapy, who work with individuals living in intimate relationships where violence may be of concern, and also to practice supervisors, trainers, trainees and students in these disciplines.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Custom tab, Encumbrances section is ignored.
Note: For more information on the encumbrance process, refer to Review of the Nightly Encumbrance Process in HRS
3. In the expanded USA section:
- The FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act) Status field indicates whether the job is exempt from overtime pay or nonexempt.
Viewing the Job Labor Tab
1. To display labor union information for an employee, click the Job Labor tab
2. After clicking the Job Labor tab, the Job Labor tab displays:
- The Bargaining Unit field was formerly known as "Union Local" in our legacy system.
Note: If an employee's Job Code is associated with a labor union, the Bargaining Unit field displays the labor union number and description.
- The Union Code field was formerly known as "Bargaining Unit" in our legacy system
To the top
Viewing the Payroll Tab
1. To display Payroll information for the employee, click the Payroll tab.
- The Pay Group field is a 3-character code which ties the employee to a particular UW Payroll Calendar, with specific pay period begin and end dates. The first letter of the employee's Pay Group code identifies the applicable UW Payroll Calendar.
Note: For more information on Pay Group codes, refer to Pay Group Descriptions in HRS
Exception: If an employee's job has a Pay Group code of NON, these are non-paid appointments which are not paid through HRS.
- The Employee Type field indicates whether the employee is salaried (S), hourly (H) or non-paid (N); the Employee Type field is used in HRS reporting.
Note: A salaried employee is paid monthly; an hourly employee is paid biweekly.
- The FICA Status field displays whether or not an employee is subject to the Federal Insurance Contributions Act.
Note: FICA is a U.S. law requiring a deduction from paychecks and income that goes toward the Social Security program and Medicare.
Viewing the Salary Plan Tab
1. To display Salary Administration Plan information, click the Salary Plan tab
2. After clicking the Salary Plan tab, the Salary Plan tab displays:
- The Salary Administration Plan field is coded differently for salaried and hourly employees.
Salaried employee (e.g. Paul Professor) breakdown of the code AD1C is as follows:
- First character (e.g. A) is the alpha code campus identifier; in this example, A represents Madison.
- Second and third characters (e.g. D1) equals the Title Group
- Fourth character represents either 9-months (e.g. C) or Annual (e.g. A).Hourly employee: the Salary Administration Plan is a two digit number representing the pay schedule to which the classification is assigned.Note: For policy information regarding compensation for salaried employees, refer to UW System Unclassified Personnel Guideline #4 (Unclassified Compensation).
- The Grade field is coded differently for salaried and hourly employees.
Salaried employee: breakdown of the code I01 is as follows:
- First character is one of three values: I (Institution), S (System), or a numeric value (e.g. 0) to indicate whether the salary range is set at the System level, approved to be unique to the Institution (e.g. campus) level, or is Extraordinary.
Hourly employee: the Grade field represents the pay range within the pay schedule.
- Second and third characters (e.g. 01) are the salary range which defines the minimum and maximum.
Viewing the Compensation Tab
1. To display compensation information, click the Compensation tab
2. After clicking the Compensation tab, the Compensation tab displays:
- In the Compensation section, the *Frequency field is the compensation frequency of either H, M or 9M.
Note: For more information on Comp Rate Frequency, refer to Comp Rate Frequency in HRS
- In the expanded Pay Rates section, the calculated dollar amounts are shown for Hourly, Monthly, 9M, and Annual.
- In the Pay Components section, in the Amounts mini-tab:
- The Rate Code field is different for salaried and hourly employees.
- The Comp Rate field is the compensation rate.
- The Frequency column shows the compensation rate frequency of the salaried or hourly employee.
Viewing the UW Custom Tab
1. To display UW customized information, click the UW Custom tab
2. After clicking the UW Custom tab, the UW Custom tab displays:
- The Continuity Status Information section displays information about the employee's continuation of employment.
Note: For a list of Continuity codes, refer to Continuity Status in HRS
- The Rate Exceptions section shows indicators for rates under the minimum or over the maximum, if applicable.
- The External Systems section identifies the recruitment system which initiated recruitment for this job; the Source System field displays the name of the recruitment system, if applicable.
- CHRIS = Classified Human Resource Information System
- PVL = Position Vacancy Listing
- Other = blank records converted to HRS; or graduate student at UW-Madison
- TAM = Talent Acquisition Management
- blank = the new job record was created within HRSNote: The Number field displays the relevant Source System reference number, if applicable.
- The Non-Resident Alien Info section displays the Income Code for U.S. Internal Revenue Service tax form 1042-S, "Foreign Person's U.S. Source Income Subject to Withholding."
- The Encumbrances section shows salary encumbrance setup information for the employee; the encumbrance setup is different for employees whose Pay Basis is either Annual, Academic, or Hourly.
Note: If the Encumbrance Override field (from the Job Information tab) has a checkmark, HRS will ignore all encumbrance setup information in this Encumbrances section on the UW Custom tab.
Viewing the UW Benefits Tab
1. To display Benefits eligibility information, click the UW Benefits tab.
2. After clicking on the UW Benefits tab, the UW Benefits tab displays:
- The Previous WRS State and Local Service fields display a numeric value, depending upon whether or not there is prior Wisconsin Retirement System (WRS) service.
- 0 (e.g. zero) = employee has no prior WRS service
- 1 through 11 = number of months of employee's prior WRS service
- 12 = employee has one year or more of previous WRS service
Note: The number 12 is the highest value that can be used in the Previous WRS State Service field.
- The Benefit Service Date field allows all or part of the employee's waiting periods for State Group Health and/or Income Continuation Insurance to be waived if they had prior WRS State Service. If the employee had prior service indicated in the Previous WRS State Service field, the default value of the Date of Hire will be rolled back up to 12 months to account for that service.
- The WRS Before July 1, 2011 indicator drives whether an employee will be enrolled in the WRS based on the 1/3 of FTE or the 2/3 FTE requirement under Wisconsin Act 32. If an employee has prior WRS state service, the indicator will show "Yes" if that service was prior to this date, or "No" if it is after this date.
- The Rehired Annuitant field should be updated if the employee provides a completed Rehired Annuitant Form (ET-2319) when hired. The values in this field drive WRS eligibility based on if the employee is required to go back into the WRS, is not allowed to go back into the WRS, or had the choice.
- The Visiting From Other Institution field will be checked "Yes" if the employee is a professor on leave from their own institution and within the first of employment with the UW. During this first year, the professor will not be enrolled in the WRS, but allowed to enroll for State Group Health.
- The Work Out of State Required field will be checked "Yes" if the employee is required to work out of the state of Wisconsin as a condition of their employment. This allows them to receive the more favorable rate for the State Group Health Access Plan.
- The Health Rate field will default to a value of "Full Share Rate" for all employees. A value of "Less Than Half Time" if the employee will be working 20 hours or less on average per week. This field does not apply to Grads.
- The Eligibility Exception field is set by automated processes (or manually by the Service Center) for WRS Lookback, when employees are rehired within a year of leaving a WRS appointment, or in special circumstances requiring an override of other eligibility criteria.
To the top
Viewing the Benefits Program Participation Page
- If the Elig Fld 1 (Eligibility Field 1) field = Y, the employee is eligible for WRS benefits; deductions are taken.
- If the Elig Fld 1 field = N, the employee is not eligible for WRS benefits.
Note: The value of the Elig Fld 1 field for employee WRS eligibility displays on the Payroll Edit Report during a payroll processing week; refer to [Link for document 19809 is unavailable at this time.]
To the top
Additional ResourcesRelated KBs:
- Comp Rate Frequency in HRS
- Continuity Status in HRS
- Employee Classifications (Empl Class) in HRS
- FTE to Standard Hours Conversion Table for HRS
- HR Report List for HRS
- Searching For an Employee's Position Number From


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Another interesting study looking at whether being overweight is linked to premature death, heart attacks, and diabetes. This study looked at sets of twins, in which one is heavier than the other, and followed them long-term (average 12.4 years) and found that NO - being overweight or obese (as measured by Body Mass Index or BMI) is NOT associated with premature death or heart attack (myocardial infarction), but it is associated with higher rates of type 2 diabetes. These results are in contrast with what a large study recently found. From Science Daily:
A study of 4,046 genetically identical twin pairs with different amounts of body fat shows that twin siblings with a higher Body Mass Index, as a measure of obesity, do not have an increased risk of heart attack or mortality. The study, conducted by researchers at Umeå University in Sweden, also shows that a higher BMI is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes...."The results suggest that lifestyle changes that reduce levels of obesity do not have an effect on the risk of death and heart attack, which contradicts conventional understandings of obesity-related health risks," says Peter Nordström, researcher at the Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation at Umeå University.
In the cohort study, Peter Nordström and research colleagues at Umeå University compared health data from 4,046 monozygotic twin pairs. All twins in the study had different levels of body fat, as measured in BMI....During a follow-up period of on average 12.4 years, differences between the twins were compared when it comes to incidents of mortality, heart attack and type 2 diabetes. The results clearly showed that twin siblings with a higher BMI did not have an increased risk of mortality or heart attack compared to their thinner counterparts. However, twins with a higher BMI did have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
The results showed that: - Among twin siblings with a higher BMI (mean value 25.1), there were 203 heart attacks (5 %) and 550 deaths (13.6 %) during the follow-up period. - Among twin siblings with a lower BMI (mean value 23.9), there were 209 heart attacks (5.2 %) and 633 deaths (15.6 %) during the same period. - Among the 65 twin pairs in the study who had a BMI difference of 7 or higher, and where the larger twin siblings had a BMI of 30 or higher, there were still no noticeably increased risk of mortality or heart attack associated with a higher BMI.
The study, described in the article Risks of Myocardinal Infarction, Death, and Diabetes in Identical Twin Pairs With Different Body Mass Index, is based on the Swedish Twin Registry, the largest of its kind in the world. The median age of the twins in the study was 57.5 and participants' ages ranged from 42-92. The cohort study was conducted between 1998 and 2003, with follow-ups regarding incident of mortality, heart attack and diabetes during a 10 year period until 2013. One study limitation was that weight and length (used to calculate BMI) was self-reported.


for many ethnic cuisines. It is an attractive food because there are about 350 different shapes to choose from. Pasta gets made with unleavened dough and sometimes eggs, but the most common pasta types are those without eggs. Pasta without eggs is dried pasta that you often see boxed in the grocery store because they have a long shelf life. Noodles Noodles can get made from different materials, including rice. They can begin as dough like pasta is, but the flour to make noodles is finer than the flour used to make pasta. This results in a finer and smooth textured product that is soft enough to swallow whole. The name came from German and Latin words that explain that noodles are made with unleavened dough and cooked in boiling water. Noodles can be dense enough to add to casseroles and soups without becoming mushy. You often see them in long thin strips even though there are various noodle shapes. Pasta vs. Noodles Up until now you probably thought pasta and noodles were interchangeable. This is not the case because they have many differences from flour to varieties to calories. Flour Noodles get made with a finer flour while pasta gets made with a harder type of flour. The difference in flour makes noodles a lighter color and smoother texture. The carbs in noodles vs. pasta are pretty much exact. You enjoy beneficial complex carbohydrates from either of these dishes. If you are wondering "are noodles low carb?", the answer will depend on how much you eat. 100g of plain noodles and 100g of plain pasta both sit around 25g of carbohydrates. Types When it comes to pasta vs. noodles categories, they are based on the ingredient used to create them. For example, you can find potato noodles, rice noodles, and more. Pasta is a little more traditional. The dried and fresh varieties refer to not made with eggs and made with eggs. If we are talking about Italian pasta vs. noodles, we are referring to the fresh variety of pasta made with eggs. Calories The calorie content in pasta vs. noodles is similar, yet different enough to matter to some. The calories in pasta are generally a bit higher than in noodles at about 15 more per cup. Which Will You Choose? The rivalry between pasta vs. noodles is slight because they have similar nutritional values. The biggest difference you will find between the two is how they are made and the texture of each. It really comes down to what you prefer so which will you choose? Whether you are craving pasta or noodles, you can count on us. Check out our delivery options and place an order now! 1 2021-03-02 How to Choose the Best Wine for Your Italian Dish Wine and Italian dishes go hand-in-hand. The sweet flavors of red wine are perfect for everything from a simple pasta dish, down to the best tasting lasagna that you've ever had. But red wine is broad. Plus, there are white wines available as well. So how do you know which wine pairing to get for your dish? Here is our quick guide to wine pairing with Italian dishes. Creamy Dishes Think along the lines of Fettucini Alfredo when it comes to creamy dishes. For these, a good Chardonnay or other white wines will pair the best. These wines are often paired in contrast to the dish, bringing out fruity flavors where you would find the creamier herb-based flavors. If you're having mushrooms with your pasta dish, pairing with a merlot is never a bad choice. Red or Tomato-Based Dishes Red and tomato-based dishes go best when paired with red wines. While that may seem like an overload, wines like Montepulciano d'Abruzzo and Barbera d'Asti are perfect for adding in those light fruits. These wines are often dry and help offset the lighter, acidic taste that comes with tomato-based dishes. You'll find the scent overpowering the tomato. It'll feel pleasant to feel the wine overtaking the taste buds after each bite. Light or Pesto Dishes With light dishes that feature pesto as the sauce, stick with a light wine, usually a Chardonnay. With this pasta and wine pairing, you want the dish to be featured more effectively, as these dishes are not overloaded with sauce. This way, you can taste the herbs and spices put into the dish and taste the Chardonnay afterward. Instead of washing the dish down, it brings the flavor to light, often adding to the creamy and light texture that comes with pesto dishes. Cheese-Heavy Dishes The best lasagna wine pairing is going to be the Primitivo di Manduria. This wine features ripe and juicy flavors from strawberries and cherries. The wine typically mixes with the juices from the cheese and meat to create a wonderful partnership. If you're feeling ravioli, go the opposite route and pick up a Pinot Grigio. This light wine with a pear taste complements the combination of different cheeses within. Seafood Dishes If you like seafood in your dish, pick up a Reisling for the best results. The crisp nature often complements the salty meat that comes from the sea. If you're going with lobster though, a Chardonnay is still a great choice. The sauce paired with the seafood is often creamy, giving you a double infusion of beautiful textures, with a bite from the meat itself. Wine Pairing Isn't Limited to Our Recommendations At the end of the day, the sky's the limit when it comes to wine pairing. Feel free to experiment to find what wine works the best with your palate. While one person may enjoy Chardonnay with their Shrimp Scampi, you might enjoy a Reisling. Hungry after reading the article? Be sure to give us a call to get a to-go order started for you. 1 2021-02-23 5 Awesome Health Benefits of Pizza Is pizza your favorite "unhealthy" food? Did you know that roughly three billion pizzas are sold every year in the United States? That's a lot of cheese and dough! While pizza isn't one of the healthiest foods in the world, there are a few benefits to eating pizza. Do you need more reasons to eat pizza? We've got them. Not sure if we're telling the truth? That's okay, let's talk about it. Keep reading to learn all about some of the health benefits of pizza that you've never heard about. 1. Pizza is a Protein Powerhouse Do you get enough protein in your diet? This is one area in which pizza undeniably shines. It doesn't matter what kind of pizza you're getting; you'll get a protein punch. Protein makes up the content of your nails, hair, muscles, and bones. It keeps you moving, energized, and strong. We all need adequate protein to get strong and stay healthy. If you choose to get meat on your pizza, you know you'll have lean (or not so lean) protein piled onto your pie. Even if you don't like meat, cheese alone is a great source of protein! Pizza as a post-workout dinner? Yes, please. 2. Red Sauce is Good for You


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Modern food chain is highly complex and food is transported all around the world to satisfy consumers' demand. However, in the last years there has been an increased interest for local products and a major attention towards food provenance. Moreover, there are goods for which the geographical origin is recognized as an added value and is highlighted through specific indications or labels.
It is known that fraudulent activities with the aim of a financial gain or illicit behaviours in trades related to origin misdeclaration are spreading and therefore tools for hindering this fraud are required.
In the agrifood sector, traceability systems are largely based on paper-records, and despite recent implementations, they are still insufficient for following all the movement of food, especially in case of international trades. Consequently, in the last decades many efforts have been made to implement analytical methods able to discriminate samples based on their geographical origin. Very often different approaches are combined together to collect more information and increase the discrimination power.
Particularly, in this review the application of multielement fingerprint and of the light and heavy elements stable isotope ratio analysis is examined, considering solely horticultural products, fresh or with slight transformation (polished rice). The main features of each technique together with an evaluation of the advantages/disadvantages and a brief description of the instruments available for these analysis are discussed. The most common multivariate approaches used for data interpretation are also reported.
A critic overview of different approaches from papers published in literature since 2000 is provided, analysing specific aspects such as the chosen approach, the number and nature of the included variables, the chemometric tools applied, and the sample size. Many authors reached satisfying classification rates, showing that these techniques are very promising in the field of food authentication and traceability and that can become useful analytical tools to support legal cases.
Keywords: traceability, food frauds, multielement composition, isotope ratio


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Elizabeth Partridge's book, Boots on the Ground is a 2019 YALSA Excellence in Nonfiction Award Finalist. In what may be her best book yet, the author brings history to life, through first person interviews and photographs. Boots on the Ground brings the Vietnam War into sharp focus for our young adult readers.
In Boots on the Ground, the author presents first person interviews with people with very different perspectives on the Vietnam War, including soldiers, medical personnel, a protester state-side, and a refugee. These personal narratives are interspersed with facts of the U.S. government and societal views occurring at the time, as well as treatment of veterans after the war, and the creation of the Vietnam Memorial in Washington D.C. The book is a visceral immersion into the war.


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Pronunciation: (di-klām'), [key]
1. to speak aloud in an oratorical manner; make a formal speech: Brutus declaimed from the steps of the Roman senate building.
2. to inveigh (usually fol. by against): He declaimed against the high rents in slums.
3. to speak or write for oratorical effect, as without sincerity or sound argument.
to utter aloud in an oratorical manner: to declaim a speech.
Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Copyright © 1997, by Random House, Inc., on Infoplease.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


The weighing of money has been practiced since biblical times. Weighing coins of gold or silver is known from the Roman times. Scales for this purpose had to be accurate on the one hand and small enough to be easily transported from one place to another, on the other. Most money scales, therefore, have their own, usually, fitted, metal or wood containers. Most money scales were equal arm balances, but steelyard type were quite common as well.
Old Balance #1
This scale was used from 1840 to 1880
Old Balance #2
This scale was developed in 1853


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The Seal of La Sierra University represents the core of our existence and our reason for being. Each element symbolizes an important part of our mission.
- The cross, the pre-eminent symbol for Christ, is placed in the position of greatest importance in the design, superimposing the world. It is in the Greek form rather than the Latin, with arms comprised of three strokes representing the Trinity. This "threeness" is repeated in the three elements of the open books; the aim To Seek, To Know, To Serve; and the braided strands of the border.
- The opened books are displayed in deep perspective, as though on a scholar's desk, their lines to converge at the center of the cross, indicating that Christ is at the heart of the University's life. The three books are titled by the three statements of the aim.
- The two intersecting circles in the right-hand border represent the mandorla, the symbol for the person of Jesus Christ linking the two realms of Heaven and Earth.
- The border and motto ("From Diversity, Community") come together in three strands that sweep across the motif to connect one side of the globe with the other, forming a braid of unity and strength that encompasses the University—and the world.


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|Digital Library of the Caribbean||english español français|
|dLOC Home |||About dLOC | Partners | Topical Collections | RSS|
Unearthing St. Augustine's Colonial Heritage is a National Endowment for the Humanities grant-funded project to digitally preserve a collection of hidden and fragile resources related to colonial St. Augustine, consisting of 10,000 maps, drawings, photographs and documents available freely online. Partnering with the George A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida (UF) to realize this project are the City of St. Augustine departments of Heritage Tourism and the Archaeology Program, the St. Augustine Historical Society, and Government House, which is managed by UF. The project will be a resource for researchers, historians, archaeologists, architects, and historic preservationists, and will help in telling St. Augustine's unique "story" on a global scale.
The Unearthing St. Augustine materials are scattered among four different repositories which have been previously inaccessible to researchers worldwide. Among the important items to be "unearthed," which date from the 16th century to the present, include archival materials from the following:
This project is funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the George A. Smathers Libraries at University of Florida.


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Investing in European food companies presents clear environmental and social risks as well as considerable opportunities (the sector as a whole should benefit from further population growth).
As a bottom-up, long-term investor, we have developed a valuation tool that factors ESG considerations into investment decisions to find companies able to generate sustainable value.
Assessing the opportunities and risks
Estimates indicate a gap of nearly 70% between the amount of food available today and that required by 2050.
Closing this gap, while improving the quality of our food, protecting the environment, replenishing strained resources, recognising the value of those who farm the land and wasting less along the food chain, will be part of private and public sector policies over the next thirty years.
- Environmental risks:
Agriculture represents approximately 10% of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU and the US. The extensive use of monocultural fields has led to biodiversity loss. Nutrient degradation and erosion affect soil quality. Resource depletion and pollution to water and air are also concerns.
- Economic and, hence, social risks:
- Large food producers and distributors shifted the balance of power, now reaping most of the pricing power to the detriment of farmers.
- Political instability (e.g. 2014 Russian ban on EU food products, end of European milk quotas) has led to sharp falls in prices of certain food products, further impacting farmers' revenues.
- More rigorous environmental and animal-welfare standards have raised farmers' costs significantly over the past ten years.
- Consumers are eating less meat – very few categories, like poultry, are still growing.
- Farmer-led protests often impact the economy as a whole.
Integrating opportunities and risks into models
As a proxy for gauging the sustainability of a company's business model, we look at whether it creates value for its stakeholders: suppliers/society/states, people, investors, clients and the environment (SPICE). The SPICE model structures our financial and ESG research work and is fully integrated into our proprietary research and valuation tool.
Each company in the investment universe is given a SPICE rating, and the fund manager reviewing the stock is responsible for keeping the analysis up-to-date. The SPICE rating is used to adjust a stock's beta:
Impact of integration
The table below shows food-related examples of how ESG issues, which represent over 65% of our SPICE rating, have affected companies' adjusted beta.


text:
Someone told me about these python libraries for python for networking. I am sure that I will not remember them by heart, so I will write these libraries here, in order to remember
- Asyncio – Python standard library. Asynchronous I/0, event loops, coroutines and tasks
- Diesel – coroutine-based networking library for python
- Pulsar – Event driven concurrent framework for Python
- NAPALM (Network Automation and Programmability Abstraction Layer with Multivendor support) is a Python library that implements a set of functions to interact with different network device Operating Systems using a unified API.
- Twisted – an event-driven networking engine written in Python


text:
Indian Blanket Flower
Victoria Frietze, AGRO/HORT 100G Spring 2002
What a beautiful flower the Gaillardia or Indian Blanket Flower is. This remarkable flower first originated in North America. It got its name Indian Blanket Flower from the resemblance of its red, gold and bronze shades to the traditional colors of Indian crafts in the southwestern U.S. The Blanket Flower is a plant that grows very bushy and it is most likely round. The daisy-like flower has a single, double, or semi-double form and it terminals on a long stem. Its leaves are oblanceolate, lobed, and hairy. The flower has a large center that is rose-purple in color. The petals are orange, crimson or copper scarlet with an out line of yellow.
This plant blooms from early summer to fall. It can grow to be about 8" to 12" and space apart about 15". In order to get the plant to grow, one must keep it in the sunlight, because it loves sunny areas and well-drained soil. However, one must be careful because soggy soil can cause root rot in the winter.
This ravishing flower can be cut after blooming is completed and can be displayed for about a week as long as it is kept in water. Due to the brilliant and bright colors of the flower, the Indian Blanket Flower makes a great decorative display.
RaeLynn Dunlap, AGRO/HORT 100G Spring 2002
These flowers are easy to spot with their bright colors consisting of shades of reds, oranges, and yellows. The colorful flowers are three-pronged at the tips of each petal, with a wide base. The pollen is a brown shade. Leaves are a light green and to a grayish green and are usually eight to ten inches. They are usually opposite.
These easy growing plants do best in low to moderate soil and have high organic matter content. Textures of these plants, on the petals they are smooth, and the leaves are somewhat rough. The smell is not that delightful. However, they do make a beautiful flower arrangement.
To promote more flowering you should remove the earliest faded flowers. This is a popular plant because of its long season of flowering. It makes a good attention to a garden.


text:
A Touch of the 18th Century
By James Brannon
Photos by John Froeschauer
In September, as the summer heat slowly begins to give way to the coolness of fall, a small piece of the 18th century returns to East Tennessee.
There, in the shadow of the Great Smoky Mountains on the banks of the Little Tennessee River, Fort Loudoun State Historic Area in Vonore will host its fourth annual 18th Century Trade Faire, September 12-13.
"Trade Faires" were common sights throughout the 18th century, both in England and in most American colonies.
In the early days of the century, these trade fairs were mainly commercial. In England, important fairs were held in London, Bristol, Oxford, Bath and in many other towns.
One early trade fair was known as St. Bartholomews Faire. This fair started mainly as a cloth fair with merchants exhibiting their cloth in the town Priory.
This fair, like other English fairs, grew into a more generalized market fair as the century progressed. Streets were filled with booths exhibiting lace, metal wares, jewelry, toys and secondhand cloths, just about anything could be found for sale.
Entertainment was part of the "Trade Faire." There were booths filled with wild beasts, freaks and dwarfs. Quack doctors set up shop. Puppet shows, conjurers and theatrical plays were presented. One famous entertainer known as Faux had became so celebrated that at his death he was worth 10,000 British pounds. In 1769, St. Bartholomews Faire grew to such a point that the mayor had to appoint 72 special constables. Violence, robbery and even an occasional murder had also become part of the event.
In America, annual Colonial trade fairs were a part of the lives of people in most of the English colonies, everywhere except in New England, where they occurred only occasionally.
In Connecticut, trade fairs were not allowed at all. Samuel Peters, of Connecticut, said that dancing, hunting, fishing, skating, and sleighing on the ice were the only acceptable forms of entertainment.
The colonial versions of the trade fairs were usually ordained by law, but sometimes support came through private fundraising as exemplified by the Rye New Hampshire Trade Faire and by the Williamsburg Faire in 1739.
Horses, oxen, sheep, cloth, jewelry, foods, and all types of sundry items were seen at these fairs. Entertainment and sports were popular. At the Williamsburg Faire, foot races from the college to the capitol were popular. On Long Island, a race for women was watched with great excitement. There were cudgeling bouts (in which contestants fought with sticks), a greased pig contest and a grinning contest. Puppet shows, ropewalking and fortune tellers were all popular at the fairs. In Virginia, these fairs were also used as occasions to pay debts, trade horses and obtain bills of exchange.
Throughout the 18th century, trade fairs played an important role in the lives of the people. People from all walks of life and all class levels could be seen attending. Farmers, merchants, tradesmen, entertainers, mountebanks, pickpockets and thieves all came to the fair. Even though these fairs began to serve the merchants, they soon outgrew this limited role and came to fill the social needs of many people of the 18th century.
Each year for the past three years, Fort Loudoun State Historic Area has tried to recreate this mainstay of 18th century life. In 1997, there were nearly 200 reenactors and almost 5,000 visitors. These visitors watched in awe as the Amazing Bartholomew breathed fire and did magic.
They enjoyed the puppet shows and music of Common Stock and the traditional Celtic music of the Celtic Jammers. Visitors strolled down the rows of tents, listening to the call of the trader and sometimes stopping to buy a token of the 18th century.
This years 18th Century Trade Faire will be held September 12-13 from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. at Fort Loudoun State Historic Area. Fort Loudoun is located about 30 miles south of Knoxville off Highway 411, in the town of Vonore.
For more information, call the park office at 423/_PHONE_ or write to: Fort Loudoun State Historic Area, 338 Fort Loudoun Rd., Vonore, TN. 37885.
(James Brannon is park interpretive specialist at Fort Loudoun State Historic Area.)
Updated July 1, 1998; Send comments to Department of Environment and Conservation.


Emotionless in a Sentence 🔊
Definition of Emotionless
without feeling or emotions
Examples of Emotionless in a sentence
It is important to display an emotionless mask when playing poker, so you don't show anything that might give away what you have in your hand. 🔊
It is my personal belief that insects are completely emotionless, not feeling anything like joy or sorrow, and only acting on instinct. 🔊
The emotionless face of my opponent is impossible to read, not betraying any sign of any kind of feeling at all. 🔊
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Curry Leaves(कढ़ी पत्ता)
Curry LeavesHindi Name: कढ़ी पत्ता
Nutritional Value
Curry leaves have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is used as a cure for diarrhea and stomach ulcers. It is said to be beneficial for the skin and for people with diabetes. Curry leaves also aid in digestion.
Quick Tips
Dry leaves can be stored but lose most of their aromatics. Wet leaves break down quickly so avoid storing them wet. They do not have a very long shelf life. Detach them from the stems only before cooking.
Did you know?
Curry leaves excite the taste buds, probably that's why they are used as a tempering for various dishes.
Recipes using Curry Leaves
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text:
Evaluation of Grouting Performance Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography
This study proposes a tomography-based method for evaluating grouting performance after injection. Tomography is a convenient approach for solving the boundary measurement inverse problem of capturing discrete pixels and synthesizing these pixels into a unified image. Four arrays of eight electrodes are installed into large triaxial cell specimens to simulate in-situ crosshole resistivity testing. Sand is used as a base material and a wet cement mixture is grouted into the specimens. Electromagnetic waves are used as a means of accumulating the physical properties of the specimens. Each measured electrical resistivity is considered as a discrete signal. The electrical resistivity distribution is calculated and optimized through an iterative modified least-squares inversion based on a forward solution of Coulomb and Gauss's law equations. Results show that the electrical properties of an injected grout material and its location and size can be effectively estimated from a series of resistance measurements.
Seung-Seok Lee, Joon Hyun Lee, Ik Keun Park, Sung-Jin Song, Man Yong Choi
N. D. Thanh et al., "Evaluation of Grouting Performance Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 321-323, pp. _PHONE_, 2006


text:
Mapping The Genomes Of Crocodiles And Alligators - It's Not For The Faint Of Heart!
David Ray never turns his back on his research, and with good reason! Ray and his team study alligators, crocodiles, and bats, among other creatures. With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), this multidisciplinary team from several universities is mapping crocodile and alligator genomes. Reptiles resembling these have existed for around 80 million years and they are among the first reptiles to have their DNA sequenced. The research could expand our knowledge well beyond crocodilians to other reptiles, birds, and even dinosaurs. When they're not fishing for 'crocs' and 'gators,' Ray's team might be tracking down bats for their research on transposable elements or so-called 'jumping genes.' These genes can copy themselves and literally jump around in a DNA sequence. Better understanding of them could lead to improved genetic therapies.
Provided by the National Science Foundation
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text:
This final unit consolidates language skills and gives pupils the opportunity to read longer and more detailed texts, both for information and for pleasure.
New language content:
- relative pronoun
que and subordination
- recounting and summarising
- understanding and producing critical reviews
Alternative contexts: recounting past events and experiences (unit 11 'El turismo' and unit 12 'Diversiones'); the media unit 14 'Los medios de comunicacioacute;n').
This unit is expected to take 12-15 hours.


text:
E. Cobham Brewer _PHONE_. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.
A species of limestone, used for building, and found in the Lower Oolite, in Wiltshire and Somersetshire. It is easily wrought in the quarry, but hardens on exposure to the air. Called Bath stone because several of the quarries are near Bath, in Somersetshire.


Boric acid (H3BO3)-Powder | 3D Printing Metal Powder | Professional 3D Printing Metal Powder Supplier
3D Printing Metal Powder
Compound Chemicals
Boric acid (H3BO3)-Powder
Boric acid (H3BO3)-Powder
CAS: 10043-35-3
Molecular Formula: H3BO3
Purity: 99.9995%
Products Code: TR05010800UN
Specification Model: -325 Mesh.etc
EINECS No.: 233-139-2
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Boric acid (H3BO3)-Powder introduce:
Boric acid, also called hydrogen borate, boracic acid, and orthoboric acid is a weak, monobasic Lewis acid of boron. However, some of its behaviour towards some chemical reactions suggest it to be tribasic acid in Bronsted sense as well.It has the chemical formula H3BO3 (sometimes written B(OH)3), and exists in the form of colorless crystals or a white powder that dissolves in water. When occurring as a mineral, it is called sassolite.
Chemical formula:BH3O3
Molar mass:61.83 g·mol−1
Appearance:White crystalline solid
Density:1.435 g/cm3
Melting point:170.9 °C (339.6 °F; 444.0 K)
Boiling point:300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Solubility in water:2.52 g/100 mL (0 °C);4.72 g/100 mL (20 °C);5.7 g/100 mL (25 °C);19.10 g/100 mL (80 °C);27.53 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility in other solvents:Soluble in lower alcohols;moderately soluble in pyridine;very slightly soluble in acetone
log P:-0.29
Acidity (pKa):9.24, 12.4, 13.3 Conjugate base Borate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ):-34.1·10−6 cm3/mol
It is used as a primary or adjunct buffer in swimming pools, flame retardant, neutron absorber in nuclear power plants, colorant to make flame green, preservative in urine samples, welding flux in combination with borax, or precursor to other chemical compounds. It is used to prevent/remove existing wet and dry rot in timbers, treat wood against fungal/insect attack, prevent athleteÂ's foot, lubricate carom boards, and reduce surface oxidation on metals at high temperatures. It can be used to produce lubricant for ceramic or metal surfaces, textile fiberglass, induction furnace linings and ceramics, Silly Putty, and glass LCD flat panel displays. It can prevent the high temperature reaction of aluminum with nitrates in pyrotechniques, and neutralize active hydrofluoric acid.
Hot Tags: Boric acid (H3BO3)-Powder, manufacturers, suppliers, factory, Customized
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Centre for Cross Border Studies
The Centre for Cross Border Studies, based in Armagh and Dublin, researches and develops cooperation across the Irish border in a wide range of practical areas, notably education, health, the economy, ICT and citizens' information, and works with similar cross-border regional research bodies in other parts of Europe. Its purpose is to:
 1. Identify gaps in cross-border information, research and mutual learning in Ireland and Europe;
 2. Commission and publish research on issues related to cross-border cooperation in all fields of society and the economy in Ireland and Europe;
 3. Host events at which research findings can be discussed and disseminated, and at which cross-border policy formation in Ireland and Europe can be developed;
 4. Present the findings of such research and development to the European Commission, the Irish and British governments, the Northern Ireland Executive, social partnership bodies and the public;
 5. Manage and provide administrative support for cross-border networks in research, training and higher education: notably the International Centre for Local and Regional Development (ICLRD); the Standing Conference on Teacher Education North and South (SCoTENS) and Universities Ireland;
 6. Provide sources of comprehensive and accurate information about cross-border cooperation in Ireland and Europe, particularly information of use to citizens wishing to cross borders to live, work or study (notably through the websites and


Volcanic Water - Psoriasis and Eczema Healer
Author: Thierry Coridon Jeremie
Volcanic Water - Psoriasis and Eczema Healer
Psoriasis and Eczema are one of those skin conditions that you'd wish you never knew of. While there are several western medicine options for these conditions, many of these never come close to the powers of natural healing. Psoriasis, Rosacea, and Eczema can occur even in new born babies; hence it is advisable to seek natural remedies to treat the condition rather than relying on modern medicine and chemicals with side effects.
psoriasis, rosacea, eczema, volcanic water, crystal healing,
Skin problem flare-ups can turn an enjoyable public event into a not so enjoyable event and a reason to avoid attending the event, changing your personality from secure to insecure in a moment. Let's face the reality, modern medicine does not have Psoriasis and other skin disorders in control. With the COVID-19 recent events we also realized medication given to Psoriasis patients are in fact immune system suppressant putting the life of the patient at risk during a pandemic by lowering the natural immune system levels.
Psoriasis, Eczema, and Rosacea have a tendency to rapidly spread before you know it, and to leave the skin irritated, dry, and scabby. However, in the recent past, volcanic water has been known to ease and cure these skin problems.
DXHIVE is excited to introduce ANAS Crystal infused skincare line with volcanic water to help you fight psoriasis, eczema, rosacea, and related skin problems. For us it was love at fist sight and using ANAS skin care line proved to be much more than just another skincare line! ANAS took a holistic approach while creating their line.
psoriasis, eczema, rosacea, volcanic water, crystal healing
The volcanic water in ANAS skincare line comes from "La Bourboule", a charming town in Auvergne France, seating on a rich volcanic soil from extinct volcanoes and well known for its thermal springs, healing spa's, a region known for its healing water virtues since the ancient times. Today the town is boosting with visitors from all over the world coming for the healing properties of La Bourboule volcanic and mineral waters. In 1828 the region became known for the so-called "War of the Wells" a period when land owners started a dispute claiming ownership of rich in minerals and volcanic water springs, popular around Europe for their unique healing properties.
thermal healing water
 Volcanic water is created by rain water, water source, or snow that seeps very slowly through porous layers of volcanic rocks, over 100 meters thick, that act as a natural filter and also give the water its unique characteristics and mineral composition. The spring of the volcanic water is deep below the volcano and the water is caught directly there. The health benefits of volcanic mineral water come from the many minerals and electrolytes that are picked up by the water throughout the process. These minerals include Magnesium, Calcium, Potassium, and Silica. Science has taken the powers of volcanoes one step further – now, no matter how far you live from a volcanic center, you have the privilege to enjoy the amazing benefits of volcanic water using ANAS Crystal infused skincare.
Right away you will feel the soothing effect, and within a couple of weeks after using the Anas crystal infused skin care, you will notice a drastic improvement: redness will cease, hitching will stop, scabbing will slowly stop, and the Psoriasis spots will start to recede. Fight back and take control over your skin conditions with ANAS Crystal infused skincare line.
We could conclude this article here, speaking only about the volcanic water and its powerful healing power, however there is much more to talk about: the crystal quartz healing power within in each of the ANAS skincare products!
It is scientifically proven that Crystals have beneficial properties for the skin. ANAS has created a patent technology that allows to bring all the benefits of the Crystals into cosmetic skincare in a totally natural and sustainable way.
The essence of the ANAS Patent is that its unique formula combines Crystal energy and Volcanic Water, among other all-natural and carefully selected for their origin, purity and potency ingredients. The Crystal and the Volcanic Water in every product provide a boost of minerals and ions that hydrate, heal, restore and regenerate the skin. And everything is done with respect to the environment and Mother Earth.
ANAS products contain whole Quartz Crystals in them that consist of high concentrations of metal ions, scientifically proven to be beneficial for the skin. According to the scientific literature (Carretero & Pozo, 2010), metal ions protect the skin by creating a protective film when they come into contact with the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. They also possess antiseptic properties creating an unfavorable environment for the growth of microbes.
Silica is also the form of crystal quartz present in your body, imperative for helping to keep your nails, teeth, and hair robust and healthy. It is a natural anti-inflammatory that helps relieve skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis. External use of crystal quartz will activate and stimulate your internal silica to promote health within.
The Crystals have the unique ability to transfer the metal ions to the actual product throughout the whole life of the cosmetic – they are simply activated with every use!
The power of the metal ions is further amplified by the use of strictly Volcanic Water in the ANAS products. Spring water from Auvergne in France, that has passed through volcanic stones, is enriched with minerals and silica. Silica is one of the main components of our skin, hair and nails and scientific research has shown that it has the ability to hydrate, restructure, relax and make the skin softer. And, apart from its skin care properties, silica also functions as the perfect conduit for the healing energies of the Crystals.
The combination of volcanic water and crystal quartz is mother nature's gift for skin problems, try it today and experience soothing, healing and transformation!
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text: Using a structural dynamic programming model, we investigate the relative importance of family background variables and individual specific abilities in explaining cross-sectional differences in schooling attainments and wages. Given scholastic ability, household background variables (especially parents' education) account for 68% of the explained crosssectional variations in schooling attainments. When the effects of household background variables on ability are also taken into account, the percentage raises to 85%. However, individual differences in wages are mostly explained by abilities. Only 27% of the explained variation in wages is accounted for by parents? background variables as opposed to 73% by unobserved abilities (orthogonal to family background variables). When scholastic ability is correlated with family background variables, ability endowments explain as much as 81% of individual wages.


Lord Grey
Lord Grey of Naunton, who has died aged 89, was one of the last and most liberal of Britain's colonial governors. An open-faced New Zealander with a nice line in self-deprecating humour, he was the most successful of the small number of ex-colonials admitted to the colonial service between the wars.
His achievements as Northern Ireland's last governor were overshadowed in 1972, when he was stripped of all but his ceremonial duties by Edward Heath's decision to impose direct rule on Northern Ireland. For Grey's last year there he was left impotent in Hillsborough castle, having for the four previous years presided over a devolved government as the Queen's representative. In 1973, he was made deputy chairman of the Commonwealth Development Corporation, becoming its chair-man in 1979.
His life peerage had accompanied his appointment to Northern Ireland in 1968, but he was born Ralph Grey in Wellington, New Zealand. Educated at Scotts College, Wellington College and University College, Auckland, he was called to the bar and served as a judge's aide for four years.
Grey joined the British colonial service in 1963 and did a probationer's course at Pembroke College, Cambridge. His first appointment was to Nigeria, where he spent the next 22 years. He was knighted in 1956, after becoming chief secretary of the Nigerian federation. The following year he became deputy governor-general, but Nigeria was moving rapidly to independence.
He then became a full governor in British Guiana, where a provocative nationalist, Cheddi Jagan, was challenging British rule in a country divided between those of Indian and African origins. Grey's five turbulent years in post were marked by rioting, which led to the flying out of 350 troops, a general strike and a state of emergency.
After that, his governorship of the Bahamas (1964-68) was almost a holiday, despite its layered society of poor blacks and rich white tax-dodgers. Grey sought to attract skilled Britons in order to avoid the islands becoming effectively an American colony. By 1967 he was able to invite Lynden Pindling to form the Bahamas' first non-white government.
Northern Ireland was the summit of Grey's career. He was an almost immediate success because of his New Zealander's lack of "side". Within months he was able to say: "So far, both sides have been extremely nice to me. I only wish they were a little nicer to each other." Unfortunately, they became increasingly beastly. Grey warned Home Secretary James Callaghan: "I think you are in for an impending conflagration," and later witnessed the arrival of British troops in 1969.
His New Zealander wife of 52 years, Esmé, was the widow of his best friend, a wartime pilot. She predeceased him in 1996. Grey is survived by his two sons and a daughter.
Ralph Francis Alnwick Grey, Lord Grey of Naunton, colonial administrator, born April 15 1910; died October 17 1999
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Currently, I am developing an octree data structure. And I need it to be fast. To this end, I would like to have a fast way to extract the $m$ binary digits "after the dot" of each entry in a matrix of machine precision numbers. This matrix is of size $n \times d$ where $d$ is the space dimension (say $d=3$) and represents a set of $n$ points (shift and rescaled to lie in the unit box) to which the octree has to adapt. The number $n$ is typically in the range of a couple of 100 thousands and a few million. So, the input parameters are, e.g.,
n = _PHONE_;
d = 3;
m = 32;
x = RandomReal[{0., 1. - $MachineEpsilon}, {n, d}];
For performance, it is crucial that the resulting $n \times d \times m$ tensor is a packed array of Integers. As you can see below, I have tried already several things. But in view of the fact that actually nothing has to be computed as the mantissas of the machine precision numbers are actually stored in binary, the timings are really disappointing.
ToPack = Developer'ToPackedArray;
cf = Compile[{{z0, _Integer}, {base, _Integer}, {n, _Integer}},
 IntegerDigits[z0, base, n],
 CompilationTarget -> "C",
 RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
 Parallelization -> True,
 RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
digits1 = ToPack[RealDigits[x, 2, m, -1][[All, All, 1]]]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digits2 = ToPack[IntegerDigits[IntegerPart[x 2.^m], 2, m]]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digits3 = Transpose[Table[Mod[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2], {k, 1, m}], {3, 1, 2}]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digits4 = Transpose[cf[IntegerPart[x 2.^m], 2, m], {1, 2, 3}]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digits1 == digits2 == digits3 == digits4
I have also tried to use BitGet but that was a couple of times slower than RealDigits.
In practice, I do not know in advance how many digits I need. So it would be even better to retrieve only the $k$-th digit at a time. In this case, the timings look as follows:
k = 4;
digit1 = ToPack[RealDigits[x, 2, 1, -k][[All, All, 1, -1]]]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digit2 = ToPack[
 IntegerDigits[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2, 1][[All, All, -1]]]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digit3 = Mod[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2]; // AbsoluteTiming // First
digit4 = cf[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2, 1][[All, All, -1]]; //
 AbsoluteTiming // First
digit1 == digit2 == digit3 == digit4
So, Mod and IntegerPart seem to do quite a good job, but still, there is a multiplication involved for each digit to be extracted.
Does anybody know of a fast, low-level way to retrieve the digits?
 - $\begingroup$ What I'd try for raw speed is write a C plugin where you cast the double into an unsigned long long int and extract the bits directly by masking, using info from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_754 $\endgroup$ – Roman Jan 20 '19 at 20:40
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Correction: I've written a minimalistic C plugin that extracts a single binary digit directly by bit masking a uint64_t version of the double number. Even with all safety checks off, and MTensor processing inside the C function (i.e. only one function call for a large list of input numbers) this plugin just about as fast as your digit3. Not worth the trouble. In any case, as your digit3 takes only about 8 nanoseconds per conversion, I'm wondering what speed goal you had in mind? $\endgroup$ – Roman Jan 21 '19 at 17:16
 - $\begingroup$ Thank you _USER_. This is both disappointing and encouraging at the same time. ;) $\endgroup$ – Henrik Schumacher Jan 21 '19 at 17:35
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ It's a shame BitAnd and BitShiftRight don't do what you think they would do on reals. $\endgroup$ – Chip Hurst Feb 4 '19 at 15:37
Not a complete answer
We can squeeze out a bit more speed by using BitAnd instead of Mod and BitShiftLeft instead of multiplication in your digit3 calculation.
Mod[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2]; // RepeatedTiming // First
BitAnd[IntegerPart[BitShiftLeft[x, k]], 1]; // RepeatedTiming // First
Mod[IntegerPart[x 2.^k], 2] == BitAnd[IntegerPart[BitShiftLeft[x, k]], 1]
I sought a solution that masked the bits via combinations of BitAnd and BitShiftRight, but to my surprise they don't work on Real as you might think.
BitAnd[1.0, 1]
BitAnd[1, 1.]
BitShiftRight[1.0, 1]
Though in its defense, C doesn't support bitwise operations on floats or doubles without casting to an integer type first.
Something like
double x = 1.0;
long n = *((long*)&x);
n >>= 1;
x = *((double*)&n);
gives 1.11875e-154 rather than 0.5, and it behaves how we might expect it to.
We can do something similar in WL through BinarySerialize and extracting bits by masking.
MantissaDigit[arr_?Developer'PackedArrayQ, k_Integer] /; $ByteOrdering == -1 && $SystemWordLength == 64 && 1 <= k <= 52 :=
 Block[{blvl1, blvl2, dims, start, bytes, bits},
 blvl1 = 6 - Quotient[k+3, 8];
 blvl2 = 8 - Mod[k+4, 8, 1];
 dims = Dimensions[arr];
 start = blvl1 - 8(Times @@ dims);
 bytes = BinarySerialize[arr][[start ;; -1 ;; 8]];
 bits = BitAnd[BitShiftRight[Normal[bytes], blvl2], 1];
 ArrayReshape[bits, dims]
Note that this implementation depends on $ByteOrdering and $SystemWordLength.
This however is slower than the digit3 technique:
MantissaDigit[x, k]; // RepeatedTiming
{0.021, Null}
One bottleneck is applying Normal, which is needed since bitwise operations don't work on ByteArray.
Your Answer


text:
descriptionone of two species of North American plants constituting the genus Xerophyllum of the family Melanthiaceae. The western species, X. tenax, also is known as elk grass, squaw grass, and fire lily. It is a smooth, light-green mountain perennial with a stout, unbranched stem, from 0.6 to 2 metres (2 to 6 feet) high, which rises from a woody, tuber-like rootstock and cordlike roots....
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/Genesys Works) - It's great to get low-income students to college, but what if they drop out during their first year? What is the difference between those students who persist in college and those who do not? A new study revealed that the persistence rate in college from participants of a program that engages them to work in meaningful internships during high school is greater than it is for their peers.
"Once students experience professional success while in high school, continuing on a path to a lifetime of low-wage occupations is no longer an option, so when the going gets tough in college, they stay determined to succeed," said Rafael Alvarez, Founder and CEO of Genesys Works
Genesys Works is a 501c3 organization located in Houston, Texas, Chicago, Ill., and Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minn., that provides underprivileged high-school seniors with meaningful internships in Fortune 500 and other major companies. With data provided by Genesys Works and Houston Independent School District, researchers from the Texas Schools Project at The University of Texas at Dallas conducted a review and analysis of the impact of the Genesys Works internship program on a student's persistence beyond the first year of college.
The study found that 92 percent of program completers pursued a college education, and 86 percent persisted after their first year in college, as compared to their peers in the same schools, 50 percent of whom went on to college, and 41 percent persisted beyond year one.
These results suggest that the Genesys Works model can be a possible solution to alleviate the nationwide challenge associated with students persisting with their college education.
This also provides further support for two Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development reports that argue that vocational education that combines formal education and actual work experience is a highly effective method of learning that exceeds classroom education only. The Pathways to Prosperity Study released by the Harvard Graduate School of Education concludes that "if we could develop an American strategy to engage educators and employers in a more collaborative approach to the education and training of the next generation of workers, it would surely produce important social as well as economic returns on investment."
"Given that this is precisely what Genesys Works is trying to accomplish, the findings of this report lend support to the argument that programs like this are likely to yield high returns," said Dr. Nidhi Mehrotra, lead investigator for the project at the University of Texas Dallas.


Who is 'Rocket Scientist' David Evans?
Tue, 2008-07-22 14:27Kevin Grandia
Kevin Grandia's picture
Who is 'Rocket Scientist' David Evans?
So we decided to compile a backgrounder on 'The Top Rocket Scientist."
Here's the research database entry on David Evans:
No peer-reviewed articles on climate change
Evans also published a "background briefing" (pdf) document for the Australian chapter of the Lavoisier Group, a global warming "skeptic" organization with close ties to the mining industry.
"I am not a climate modeler"
From 1999 to 2006 Evans worked for the Australian Greenhouse Office designing a carbon accounting system that is used by the Australian Government to calculate its land-use carbon accounts for the Kyoto Protocol. While Evans says (pdf) that "[he] know[s] a heck of a lot about modeling and computers," he states clearly that he is "not a climate modeler."
David Evans lives in Australia and gained media attention after an article he wrote titled, No Smoking Hot Spot was published in The Australian in June, 2008.The article claims that climate change is not caused by C02 emissions because there is no evidence of "a hot spot about 10km up in the atmosphere over the tropics." Evan's claim has been thoroughly debunked by Tim Lambert, a computer scientist at the University of New South Wales.
In US academic and industry parlance, "rocket scientist" means anyone who has completed a PhD in one of the hard sciences at one of the top US institutions. The term arose for people who *could* do rocket science, not those who literally build rockets.Thus the term "rocket scientist" means someone with a PhD in physics, electrical engineering, or mathematics (or perhaps a couple of other closely related disciplines), from MIT, Stanford, Caltech, and maybe a few other institutions.
The definition provided by Evans would appear to be at odds with the conventional use of the term 'rocket scientist' which according to various sources is "One specializing in the science or study of rockets and their design." For example, here's an entry on Answers.com about Hermann Oberth a famous Rocket Scientist who published a book about rocket travel into outer space in 1932 and is considered one of 3 founding fathers of modern rocketry and astronautics.
Evans also claims to be "building a word processor for Windows." DeSmogBlog contacted Microsoft Corp. and they have confirmed that he does not work for Microsoft Corporation.
The original discussion on the real AGW "signature" (tropospheric warming and stratospheric cooling) is at Real Climate.
By the way, the mistaken claim about the missing AGW "signature" tropical hotspot is one of the last refuges of the skeptics. See for example the SourceWatch critique of the Fraser Intitute ISPM:
Tim Lambert has and good for him.
Desmog is a smear site. It all they do.
Desperation is now clear at the house of cards collapses.
Get used to it.
And where is the smear here?
Evans has provided us with his definition of a 'rocket scientist' and I have added it to the article.
Looks like Evans' main contribution has been to write scientifically clueless editorials.
1) David Evans' background is clearly written in:
Looking at that description, I'd call him a mathematician and software engineer, in which case labeling him a "top rocket scientist" is really weird, both for "top" and "rocket scientist".
Maybe he is a "top Fourier analysis expert". It's hard to assess the impact of a book he's been writing since 1990, so he might be an author. Maybe if it's ever published people can evaluate that.
2) His use of the term "rocket scientist" is ludicrous. I don't understand why he just doesn't say "consultant and software engineer" or whatever. There's nothing wrong with that.
a) There are people who really can be called rocket scientists. I've worked with some [i.e., like NASA, which really does employ people legitimately called rocket scientists, although they more likely call themselves aerospace engineers, or other titles.]
b) A certain set of computational folks on Wall Street have sometimes been called "rocket scientists". Some came from my old employer, Bell Labs. No one in Bell Labs called anyone else there rocket scientists - at least, in 10 years there, I never heard that even once. Actually, we never called anyone "Doctor", because that gets old. I rather doubt anyone on Wall Street would have put "rocket scientist" as their job description.
c) Used colloquially, somebody smart and technical (but not a)) might be referred to by the term "rocket scientist", but rarely by other people who are equally smart and technical.
I've lived within 5 miles of Stanford for 25 years,
Real top people use business cards that say things like:
VP Engineering
Chief Scientist
or maybe just Consultant (usually after retiring from the above)
"Rocket scientist".
Re: Rocket scientists
Poor humorless warmists. I suppose that your dour outlook is fitting for those whose raison d'etre is preaching cataclysm and catastrophe. You should get a life, Kevin.
All the following scientific organizations presented a joint statement, called the Joint Science Academies' Statement, to each head of government who attended, and to the host Prime Minister of Japan, at the G8 recently:
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
Science Council of Japan,
Deutshe Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina Germany,
Royal Society of the United Kingdom,
Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Russian Academy of Sciences,
Indian National Science Academy India,
Academie des Sciences France,
Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei Italy,
Royal Society of Canada,
Academia Mexicana de Ciencias Mexico,
Academia Brasileira de Ciéncias, Brazil, and the
Academy of Science of South Africa
The statement called out to all world leaders that they "limit the threat of climate change" by taking "prompt action", which was stated as limiting emissions of "greenhouse gases" "to the net absorption capacity of the earth" It is here:
Your comments to the effect that the Mises Institute is a right-wing think tank are deceitful. It is a Libertarian website with unabashed support for what unarguably works: free-markets. Furthermore, have you given consideration to better qualified doubters of the so-called global warming hysteria rather than Evans? Finally, I don't see you countering Evans' arguments but rather sidestepping them by trying to discredit his credentials in the field. What's next, a critique of Julian Simon's succesful attacks against past "scientific" blunders because he was an economist?
We'd behappy to see your list.
Amazing isn't it how David Evans' credentials were never dissected when he was in the climate alarmist camp. But let him utter a heresy and the warmies sets the hounds on him. Have Desmoggers ever considered issuing fatwas?
Evans was not part of the debate before he burst onto the scene as a "rocket scientist". If anyone truly believes he was ever in the so-called "alarmist camp", could they please please supply evidence of it - a blog entry, a letter to the editor, anything? No? Nothing? Oh well. I thought so.
The moral of this story is that if you don't have the expertise or the experience, don't pretend you do, because you'll look like a goose when it's pointed out.
It shouldn't matter if the guy was a burger flipper if he has a good argument, you troll.
This is not a case of Kevin trying to undermine an argument by attacking its proponent. Evans doesn't have an argument - at least, he is not making a case based on evidence.
If he really was a burger flipper (and weren't we all, at some point?) and he came up with an important and compelling evidence-based point, that would be peachy. But Evans is asking that we accept his judgment on climate change on the basis of his authority - on the credibility that we might accord to "rocket scientists."
So he says, "You should listen to me because I am a top rocket scientist." And Kevin reads the guy's unimpressive resume and says, "Ah, no you're not. And if you're lying about the rocket scientist thing, why should we listen to any other thing that you're saying?"
That's a fair question.
That is one of the funniest, in the "guffaw-and-spit-coffee-on-the-screen" sense definitions that I have ever seen in science or engineering:
how writing a word processing program contributes to one's status as a "top rocket scientist," or in any way qualifies one to claim authority in the field of climate science. It's a legitimate question, n'est-ce pas?
Fern Mackenzie
Among the sites I'd recommend for such analysis, at least for those with some scientific literacy are a small sample:
Tim Lambert is Australian, and hence watches the Oz scene closer than most here in US or Canada. Here is a week-ago debunk of Evans' latest, including a pointer to a June 2007 piece at Lavoisier Group:
John Cook is also Australian, and his site is different:
- explains the argument
- explains why it's wrong
- gives references to peer-reviewed articles in credible journals
- gives examples of people using the argument
Hence, it is a nice reference, as opposed to an immediate specific response, but it doesn't get updated quite so often,


text:
The bottlebrush buckeye plant, or Aesculus parviflora, is a shrub with lots of straight stems. Small white flowers cluster together at the tops of the stems. The bottlebrush buckeye plant can grow to become 12 feet high and 20 feet wide. Bottlebrush buckeye plants need proper care to thrive.
Locate a space on your property where your bottlebrush buckeye will have some shade and well-draining soil. If necessary, add peat moss or perlite to the soil to help the soil drain.
Water your bottlebrush buckeye once per week, allowing the soil to dry out in between waterings.
Feed your bottlebrush buckeye plant with 8-8-8 slow-release fertilizer. Apply 1 lb. of this fertilizer to every 100 square feet of space.
Spread a layer of mulch around the base of your bottlebrush buckeye plant that is at least 2 inches thick. This will keep the moisture in as well as protect the roots during the winter months.


text:
|This article does not cite any references or sources. (January 2007)|
A Thermo-Hygrograph is a chart recorder that measures and records both temperature and humidity (or dew point). Similar devices that record only one parameter are a thermograph for temperature and hygrograph for humidity. Uses a bi-metallic strip for temperature and one human hair bundle for humidity. Includes one red and blue felt –tipped pen to record the reading.
A thermograph is usually configured with a pen that records temperature on a revolving cylinder. The pen is at the end of a lever that is controlled by a bi-metal strip of temperature-sensitive metal which bends as the temperature changes.
|This climatology/meteorology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Doubt about the best before date: can you still eat this or not?
 1. Many products have an expiration date, such as a carton of orange juice, pre-packaged vegetables, meat, fish, soups and sauces. The expiry date applies to closed products. It is sometimes difficult to determine whether you can still eat or drink something safely if it is past the date. And what do you do if a package has already been opened, but the expiry date has not yet been reached? Do you throw it away or eat it anyway?
Difference best before and use by
 1. On packaging you often find the indication "te use until "(use-by-date) or" best before "(best before). "Use until" state on products that spoil quickly, such as fresh (raw) fish and fresh (raw) meat. The use-by date indicates that the product is safe to use until the stated date, after which there may be risks for the health action. That's because at fresh fish and fresh meat bacteria quickly can grow. If it is out of date, opened or unopened, throw it away. For products with a The 'best before' date is different. There the date means one quality guarantee. If the product is out of date, it will not immediately say that it is no longer safe to eat, but that the quality is deteriorating may have gone. You can notice this in the color, smell and taste, for example. Examples of products with a best before date are milk, orange juice, pasta, rice and canned vegetables.
Using the senses
 1. For products with a 'best before' date you can often use your senses. Looks the product still there good looking? Doesn't it have lumps, mold or rotten spots? If so, then throw it away. Does it still smell good? Is the smell very musty or overbearing, don't eat it. Taste a little. If it tastes bad, don't eat it. For products with a 'Use by date' (such as fresh fish and fresh meat) the following applies: is it over the date, then throw it away. Even if the packaging is still closed. A few examples: For fresh fish, meat and chicken fillet applies: eat the same day after opening. Cold cuts such as ham and sausage can be kept in the refrigerator for 4 days after opening. Pre-packaged cut vegetables: a maximum of one day after opening Smoked salmon: 2 days after opening Milk: 3 to 5 days after opening Orange juice: 3 to 7 days after opening In the online Bewaarwijzer you can find out how long you can keep a product and get useful tips.
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This paper examines through Marianne Hirsch's theory of postmemory and trauma two performance texts by Aboriginal Australian playwright and theatre director Wesley Enoch. This critical theoretical approach argues that in the absence of reliable historical records, the autobiographical structure of Black Medea (2007) and The 7 Stages of Grieving (1996) positions them as individual as well as collective postmemory and trauma accounts. The paper further argues that the use of silence, gestures, storytelling, and theatre serve as vital tools for documenting the generational continuum of the traumatic Aborigine experiences and the struggle in dealing with the inherited burden of intergenerational trauma.
Khalil, Rania M Rafik (2022). Aboriginal Australian Autobiographies of Postmemory and Trauma in Wesley Enoch's Black Medea and The 7 Stages of Grieving. Hermes Journal, Vol. 11, Issue 2, Cairo University. (in print)


Today on this page, we are going to talk about the laptop battery not charging problem. The problem is when we plug the charger to the laptop, it doesn't charge the battery. It shows the error at the right-bottom corner "Plugged in, not charging".
It would be a really very frustrating and embarrassing situation when you couldn't find the solution of the problem like this. To fix this specific issue, you don't need to apply any huge solution for this. It will be done with a simple trick. We are going to share a tested method to resolve this issue.
We have found its proper solution to fix this specific problem. Please follow the following step-by-step guide to know how to fix it.
laptop battery not charging issue
Error Message: "Plugged in, not charging"
How to Fix "plugged in, not charging" Error
The following methods are for Windows 7, 8, 8.1, 10, and Servers operating systems.
 1. Boot your laptop without the battery and then Reinstall Battery Drivers.
 2. Run the Battery's Troubleshooter.
 3. Restore the computer's BIOS to its default settings.
 4. Check your laptop's power adapter is connected properly.
 5. Check the power adapter is not faulty.
 6. Check the Battery Report to diagnose it.
Method 1: by reinstalling battery driver
 1. Take out the laptop battery from the laptop.
 2. Then connect the laptop charger to the laptop's charging port.
 3. Now, turn on your laptop by pressing the power button. The laptop should be booting up because it gets the power from the charger directly, without a battery.
 4. Go to the control panel when your laptop is up.
 5. Go to Device Manager.
 6. In the device manager, double-click on the "batteries". When you double-click on that, you'll get two options (you might get more than two). You need to uninstall all of them under batteries one by one right-clicking on that.
 Uninstall laptop batteries drivers
 7. After that, shut down the laptop.
 8. Put the battery in the laptop again.
 9. Now, start your laptop.
Your problem should be fixed. It will not show you any error message regarding your battery. It will start charging your laptop battery again, and your battery percentage will grow up.
If you found this article helpful, please let me know by leaving a comment. If you have any doubt or not solved your issue then leave a comment, we'll answer your comments there.
Additional methods to fix plugged in, not charging issue.
Try the following techniques if the above first method did not work for you. In the 90% cases, method #1 works.
Method 2: By using Windows Power Troubleshooter
 1. Click on the start button and click on settings.
 2. Click on Update and Security.
 3. Click on Troubleshooting from the left-side pane.
 4. Select the power option from the right-side pane. Then click on "Run troubleshooter". It will be starting for troubleshooting your battery power problem and fix it automatically.
 Sometimes this method will work for you. If it doesn't work, then try the next method.
 Power Troubleshooter
Method 3: Restore BIOS settings to default
 1. Turn off your computer and boot it up into bios. Make sure your laptop is turned off completely.
 2. After turned off, press the power button of your laptop and the continuously press the F10, Delete key from your keyboard to enter BIOS settings. Your bios open key might be different according to your computer laptop's manufacturer.
 3. After getting the bios settings page, press the "F9" key to set default from your keyboard. I will be asking you to save the settings. After that select "Yes" using arrow keys and press enter key to save settings and reboot the computer with default bios settings. After this, your problem should be fixed. If it did not work, then go to the next step. Click here to get more help with it.
 bios set as default
Method 4: Connect charger properly
Here I'll show you how to check your laptop's power adapter is not loose. Here are three different points to check on your laptop's power adapter to ensure that it is not loose and connected properly.
 1. Check the power cable that connects to the laptop's adapter for damage. Remove the input power cable from the adapter and check the plugin socket on the adapter. The input power cable should fix firmly into the socket on the adapter.
 check the power cord
 2. Check the output power cable that starts out from the other end of the adapter. This cable is fixed to the adapter and cannot be removed. Check the output cable for signs of damage at the point where it is fixed to the adapter. The output cable should be firmly attached to the adapter and should not wiggle at that point.
 3. Check the power supply point on the power cable that runs from the adapter to the laptop. This power adapter pin should fit perfectly into the laptop charging port.
Method 5: Check the Power Adapter
Try to use another laptop's charger. If it works for you then the problem is in your charger, please replace it. If it doesn't fix the problem after replacing the charger, then replace your battery.
check the power supply
Method 6: Check Battery Status
Hey there. In the following text, I will explain to you, how to check your laptop's battery, to see if it is dead/faulty or not!
Your battery, no matter how well you will treat it, will eventually die. This can come suddenly, but some indications can warn you about your battery performance and condition in advance.
Normally, Windows will automatically warn you if your battery reaches a low capacity level. On your standard battery icon, will appear a red X-mark indicating, that your battery is already at a critical point.
While this procedure is a passive one, there are other ways to check your laptop's battery active. The first one is the easiest one, you just install a tool, which informs you automatically on your laptop's battery status.
The second way to check if your laptop's battery is faulty (dead) or not is divided into some steps, listed below:
 1. Press Windows key + X both together or right-click on the Start Menu and then click on Command Prompt (Admin) option.
 2. Type: "powercfg/batteryreport" in the command prompt window and press enter button from your keyboard.
 3. Once you press enter button, the command will execute and the battery life report will be saved to the following path: "C:\Windows\System32\battert-report.html
 4. Go the saved path: "C:\Windows\System32\battert-report.html" and open up the report.
 The second section will show you all the information about the battery (like if it should be checked or replaced).
In this article, we have seen all the possible methods to fix the "Plugged in, not charging" issue. Hopefully, you liked it. Please share your experience with us in the comments section below.
1 thought on "6 Methods to Fix laptop charging problem | Adapter plugged in, not charging"
 1. when in plugged in the charge my laptop but not charging my laptop this problem had occurred much time, then I pilled in the charger notification comes out that plugged in but battery no charging, so then I just followed their steps then I resolved this kind of problem.
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WEDNESDAY, May 23, 2012 (MedPage Today) — Gestational diabetes is often blamed for larger babies, but maternal weight may have a much greater impact on infant birth weight than glycemia, according to a new study.
Among women without gestational diabetes, the significant metabolic predictors of having a large-for-gestational-age infant included body mass index (BMI) before and weight gain during pregnancy up to the time of a glucose tolerance, reported Jill Hamilton, MD, from the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and colleagues online in CMAJ.
The authors also found that leptin and C-reactive protein emerged as significant negative predictors for birth weight and large-for-gestational-age infants. Historically, leptin, a hormone involved in the regulation of body fat, has increased with BMI, so the negative association is "striking and a testimony to the complexity of issues surrounding control of birth weight," wrote Edmond Ryan, MD, of the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, in an accompanying CMAJ commentary.
Hamilton's group explained that "this emerging concept regarding the relative importance of maternal obesity versus glycemia may hold implications for the current debate regarding the lowering of diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes on antepartum glucose tolerance testing."
In fact, the National Institutes of Health is slated to hold a consensus conference on gestational diabetes in October. One of the issues that requires better definition is the respective contributions of maternal weight and glucose levels.
The researchers conducted the current analysis within the context of an ongoing prospective cohort study. Patients were recruited when they were late in the second trimester or early in the third trimester, and all underwent a 3-hour, 100-g oral glucose tolerance test.
Women in the current analysis had either gestational impaired glucose tolerance or normal glucose tolerance; women with gestational diabetes were excluded. Also, the study population was restricted to white, Asian, and South Asian women because ethnicity-specific centiles of birth weight have been established for these groups in Canada, the authors explained.
Obstetric outcomes were assessed at delivery. Multiple linear regression analysis of infant birth weight was done with adjustment for the following covariates:
 - Length of gestation
 - Infant sex
 - Maternal demographics
 - Maternal smoking status
 - Glucose tolerance status
 - Insulin adipokines (leptin)
 - Inflammatory proteins (C-reactive protein)
Finally, the analysis adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy up to the time of the oral glucose tolerance test.
Among 472 women, 22 percent had gestational impaired glucose tolerance. The infants had a mean birth weight of almost 8 lbs. and 68 were considered large for gestational age at delivery.
BMI before pregnancy varied across the groups and was highest in the top tertile of birth weight. At delivery, this top tertile had the longest length of gestation and the largest proportion of cesarean delivery.
Length of gestation, male sex, pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy up to the time of the oral glucose tolerance test all were associated with higher birth weight.
Another significant predictor of having a larger baby was Asian ethnicity versus white so the group then repeated the analysis for white women only. The same predictors emerged for large-for-gestational-age infants. Also, being a former smoker versus never smoking also reached significance.
The authors highlighted three take-home points from this study. First, maternal adiposity was the strongest determinant of infant birth weight and having a baby with excessive weight. They suggested that shared genetic factors may apply to maternal adiposity and fetal growth.
Second, leptin and C-reactive protein were significant negative predictors of both birth weight and having a large-for-gestational-age baby, which speaks to the relative contributions of obesity-related circulating factors. "These factors may play a role in attenuating the pro-macrosomia effects of maternal adiposity," the authors wrote.
Finally, gestational impaired glucose tolerance was an independent predictor of birth weight, but its impact was relatively modest compared with pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy. However, glucose tolerance was not a significant independent predictor of having a large-for-gestational-age infant.
The study did have some limitations. The authors did not evaluate the high-molecular weight form of adiponectin, which may be the specific maternal mediator that affects fetal growth. Also, pre-pregnancy weight was self-reported by patients and may have been subject to bias. Finally, weight gain during pregnancy was not determined across the total length of gestation.
The authors' recommendation that clinicians target maternal obesity is a sound one, wrote Ryan. A recent meta-analysis showed that a healthy, calorie-controlled diet to reduce excess weight gain during pregnancy is safe for mother and baby, and can improve pregnancy outcomes compared with exercise alone or a combination of the two.
Indeed, targeting weight issues in pregnancy may be a more efficient use of healthcare resources rather than lowering the threshold for what constitutes gestational diabetes, Ryan added.