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Updated: Sep 26
When thoughts of Greece arise, ancient ruins, picturesque landscapes, and delectable Mediterranean cuisine dance through our minds.
Yet, there is an often overlooked facet of Greek culture that captivates the senses: their extraordinary spirits. Greek spirits, renowned for their distinctive flavors and rich heritage, invite both connoisseurs and adventurous souls on a delightful journey. In this article, we will delve into the captivating world of Greek spirits, from beloved classics to thrilling new additions, unraveling what sets them apart and makes them truly exceptional.
Classic Greek Spirits:
a) Ouzo: The undisputed monarch of Greek spirits, ouzo is an anise-flavored liqueur that embodies the essence of Greece. Whether sipped neat or diluted with water, it transforms into a milky white elixir, releasing an alluring aroma. Celebrated for its smoothness, ouzo is often enjoyed as an aperitif or alongside traditional meze dishes.
b) Tsipouro: Similar to Italian grappa, tsipouro is a grape pomace distillate crafted in various regions of Greece, each showcasing unique regional characteristics. Traditionally savored as a digestive, tsipouro offers a robust, fruity flavor that warms the soul.
c) Raki: Referred to as "tsikoudia" in Crete, raki is a grape-based brandy that embodies the vibrant essence of the Mediterranean. Often served in small, shot-like glasses, raki is an integral part of Cretan hospitality, extending an invitation to celebrate.
New Greek Spirits:
a) Mastiha: Derived from the resin of the rare mastiha tree on the island of Chios, mastiha liqueur is a recent addition to the realm of Greek spirits. Its distinctive flavor, reminiscent of pine and citrus, lends a unique touch to cocktails, desserts, or even solo enjoyment.
b) Tentura: Originating from the city of Patras, and made popular by Hahalis Distillery, tentura is a spiced liqueur with a history dating back to the 15th century. Harmoniously blending cinnamon, clove, and other secret spices, it results in a warm, aromatic spirit. Tentura is often relished as a digestif or used as a flavoring agent in desserts
c) Kitron: An indispensable part of the lively island of Naxos, kitron is a citrus liqueur crafted from the leaves of the kitron tree. With its refreshing and zesty character, kitron serves as the perfect companion during warm summer evenings, beautifully complementing the island's sunny ambiance.
What Sets Greek Spirits Apart and Makes Them Exceptional?
a) Distillation Techniques: Greek spirits frequently employ traditional distillation methods, allowing the flavors of the raw ingredients to shine through. This time-honored approach, passed down through generations, adds an authentic touch and showcases the artistry in every bottle.
b) Local Ingredients: Greece's diverse geography and fertile lands gift an abundance of unique ingredients. Whether it be the anise in ouzo or the aromatic herbs in mastiha liqueur, Greek spirits capture the essence of the regions they originate from, showcasing the bounties of the land and sea.
c) Cultural Significance: Greek spirits possess deep cultural roots, interwoven with ancient traditions, celebrations, and hospitality. They embody conviviality, bringing people together and evoking warmth, friendship, and shared joy.
A New Addition to the Greek Spirits Family: Kavo - Greek Rum
Adding to the vibrant tapestry of Greek spirits is a recent development that has piqued the interest of spirit enthusiasts worldwide – Kavo, the world's first Greek rum. Although Greece may not be the first country that comes to mind when contemplating rum production, this exciting creation embraces the essence of Greek terroir by utilizing locally sourced ingredients. Crafted from Greek sugarcane and infused with a medley of botanicals from the enchanting Greek islands, this unique rum is a captivating addition to the Greek spirits landscape.
Immersed in the concept of "terroir," Kavo rum is deeply rooted in the country's diverse agricultural heritage. The use of Greek sugarcane bestows upon it a distinctive character that distinguishes it from its Caribbean counterparts. Nurtured by the Mediterranean sun, the fertile Greek soil imparts a subtle sweetness and earthiness to the rum, creating an unparalleled flavor profile.
What further sets Kavo rum apart is the infusion of Greek-island botanicals. Each Greek island boasts its own distinct ecosystem, offering an array of aromatic herbs and plants. These carefully selected and expertly combined botanicals contribute to the complexity and depth of flavors found in Greek rum. Whether it's the fragrant hints of citrus from the island of Zakynthos or the herbaceous notes from Santorini, these botanicals weave a tapestry of Greek island magic into every sip.
Greek spirits are not merely alcoholic beverages; they epitomize an immersive cultural experience, fusing history, tradition, and remarkable flavors. From beloved classics like ouzo and tsipouro to the emerging stars such as mastiha, kitron, and rum, each sip tells a tale of Greece's rich heritage and the passion of its people. Embark on a journey of discovery, allowing your taste buds to be enchanted by the diverse and ever-evolving world of Greek spirits. Yamas! (Cheers!)


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Daily News Archive
To Justice Those Who Poison The Environment With Pesticides
In the past week, two lawsuits, one in Louisiana and one in Tennessee, highlight the role that the courts can play in bringing to justice those who poison the environment with pesticides. In Louisiana, a water contamination case against Aventis chemical company will go forward and in Tennessee a guilty verdict was issue for the poisoning of birds.
An appeal filed by Aventis was denied by the Louisiana Supreme Court last week regarding a lawsuit brought by crawfish farmers in the state, according to the Associated Press. The Louisiana Supreme Court ruling allows the lawsuit to go forward as a class-action lawsuit on behalf of all crawfish farmers with similar claims against the pesticide manufacturer. The farmers charge that the Icon, a pesticide manufactured by Aventis, that was applied to rice seed to kill water weevils killed the state's 2000 and 2001 crawfish harvest.
ICON contains the active ingredient fipronil, which disrupts insects' central nervous system, acting with contact and stomach action. According to the U.S. EPA Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential, fipronil is classified as a possible human carcinogen.
Studies show that fipronil is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, highly toxic to bees, and highly toxic to upland game birds. The photodegradate of fipronil, MB46513, is about ten times more acutely toxic to mammals than fipronil itself and there is potential for bioaccumulation in fatty tissues. The metabolite MB 461 is more highly toxic to birds, and the metabolites MB 46136 and MB 45950 are more highly toxic to freshwater invertebrates than fipronil itself.
Meanwhile, a federal court in Tennessee found a man guilty of poisoning federally protected red-tailed hawks and black vultures with the pesticide aldicarb, according to the Commercial Appeal. The U.S. Department of Justice stated in a press release that in January 2001, the defendant applied the restricted use pesticide to two deer carcasses and one goat carcass that were then placed in a field where various animals and birds consumed them. This resulted in the death of seven red-tailed hawks and two black vultures. The birds are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act.
Aldicarb is a highly acutely toxic pesticide. Like other carbamate pesticides, aldicarb, and its metabolic products, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone, reversibly inhibit cholinesterase, an important nervous system enzyme. Studies show that aldicarb is highly toxic to mammals, birds, estuarine/marine organisms, and freshwater organisms.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Is there a mathematical reason (or possibly a historical one) that the "elementary" functions are what they are? As I'm learning calculus, I seem to focus most of my attention on trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, and $n$th roots, and solving problems that have solutions which are elementary functions. I've been curious why these functions are called elementary, as opposed to some other functions that turn up rather naturally in mathematics. What is the reason that these functions take up most of our attention, and is there a reason that some additional functions are not included amongst the elementary functions? In other words, what property or properties do these functions possess that separates them from non-elementary functions (if there is one)?
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Those elementary functions are the familiar functions since from lower level maths. They are the most useful functions regarding mathematics and they play a very vital role in applications. That's makes them elementary. – Hassan Muhammad Mar 9 '12 at 5:22
Here is a reverse kind of question/discussion What is a special function – AD. Mar 9 '12 at 5:30
The polynomial, exponential, sine, and cosine functions are "elementary" because they are very useful and will more frequently arise naturally in an investigation (whether within math or in an application) than most other functions. So everyone needs to know them. But why are they so useful? I think fundamentally it's because they are solutions to some of the simplest differential equations you could write down. The polynomials are the functions whose nth derivative is constantly 0. The sine and cosine functions satisfy $y'' + y = 0$ and the exponential function satisfies $y' = y$. – Mike Benfield Apr 26 '12 at 13:06
_USER_: or if one wishes to be a bit more inclusive, the exponential function, the sine, the cosine, and their hyperbolic counterparts all satisfy the differential equation $y^{(iv)}=y$. – Guess who it is. Apr 26 '12 at 13:31
As far as I can see, there's no reason to have a fixed, unchanging notion of "elementary function." More useful are statements like: "The least set of entities that includes the entities [...] and is closed under the operations [...], also includes the entities [...] and is also closed under the operations [...]. Furthermore, all entities in this class can be uniquely expressed in the form [...]." Substitute the word "entities" for the word "functions" and you'll get lots of interesting notions of "class of elementary functions." – goblin Nov 4 '13 at 3:40
9 Answers 9
As Sivaram Ambikasaran mentioned the description on Wikipedia is fine.
I believe the class of elementary functions, $E$, is commonly thought of as a construction of the form
 1. All polynomials are in $E$
 2. The exponential and the logarithm function is in $E$
 3. The sine and cosine functions are in $E$.
 4. $E$ is closed under addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and composition (finitely many operations of these).
 5. $E$ is the smallest set with the properties 1-4.
This applies to both real or complex valued functions.
Edit 1:
Some examples of functions that are elementary
 - $f(x)=1-x^2$
 - $s(x) = \sqrt{x}$ (see addendum below)
 - $g(x)=\arctan x$ (see addendum below)
 - $U(x)=\sin\frac{1}{\log(1+x^2)}$
 - $A(x)=|x| = \sqrt{x^2}$
 - $_2F_1(1,1,2,x) = \log(1-x)$ (a Gauss Hypergeometric notation that ends up in a elementary function)
Some examples of functions that are not elementary
 - The Sine integral $\operatorname{si}(x)=\int_0^x\frac{\sin t}{t}dt$
 - The Error function $\operatorname{erf}(x)=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}}\int_0^x e^{-t^2}dt$
 - The Cantor function
 - The characteristic function of an interval.
Edit 2:
The nomenclature elementary function is of course used since the functions that are elementary can be deduced using finitely many applications of elementary operations on basic "high school functions".
Edit 3:
Convinced by comments - removed closed under inversion in step 5. Added log in step 2.
Addendum (2013-02-28):
To see that the square root function $s(x)=\sqrt{x}$ is elementary using the above definition just note that $$ x\mapsto \frac{1}{2}\log x = \log x^{1/2}=\log\sqrt{x}$$ and hence $$s(x)=\sqrt{x}=\exp(\log\sqrt{x})$$ is elementary too. Perhaps $\arctan$ is a bit harder to deduce from the other steps in the construction of $E$, first note that \begin{eqnarray} \tan x=\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}= \frac{e^{ix}-e^{-ix}}{i(e^{ix}+e^{-ix})}= -i\frac{e^{2ix}-1}{e^{2ix}+1}=\\ -i\frac{e^{2ix}+1 -2}{e^{2ix}+1} = -i\frac{e^{2ix}+1 }{e^{2ix}+1}-i\frac{-2}{e^{2ix}+1}=\\-i +i\frac{2}{e^{2ix}+1} \end{eqnarray}
Hence if we solve for, $e^{2ix}$ in the above identity we get \begin{eqnarray} e^{2ix}=\frac{2}{1-i\tan x}-1= \frac{2-(1-i\tan x)}{1-i\tan x}= \frac{1+i\tan x}{1-i\tan x} \end{eqnarray} and taking the complex logarithm (more precisely the principal branch of the logarithm) we get $$x=\frac{1}{2i}\log\frac{1+i\tan x}{1-i\tan x}$$ That is $$t\mapsto \arctan t =\frac{1}{2i}\log\frac{1+it}{1-it}$$ belongs to $E$.
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_USER_ Could you please explain what you mean? What you look at is an equation - not a function. – AD. Mar 9 '12 at 9:28
This nice, concise definition of $E$ falls short of explaining why we consider its elements "elementary". Note that polynomials are merely finite applications of addition and multiplication; $n$-th roots undo "powers" (repeated multiplication). Exponentials are merely powers with a different focus (base held constant rather than exponent); logs undo those. Trigs get into the club via ties to the complex exponential. Perhaps what makes elementary functions "elementary", then, is that they're fundamentally "arithmetical". – Blue Mar 9 '12 at 11:19
I don't think you can include function inversion in your list. For one, the inverse of $x \mapsto xe^x$ is not usually considered elementary. For another, _USER_'s comment might be referring to the inverse of $x \mapsto b = \sin x - ax$. – Rahul Mar 9 '12 at 13:04
Correct. Do not include function inversion. Instead of writing down what you remember, why not cite a definitive reference? – GEdgar Mar 9 '12 at 15:58
A minor note: it would probably be good to explain how $\sqrt{x}$ is an elementary function under your definition, since that's a bit non-trivial (you have to go through exp and log to get it). – Steven Stadnicki Feb 28 '13 at 18:38
The original truly elementary functions are rational functions built up with the basic arithmetic operations.
Arctan and log are necessary and sufficient to integrate rational functions while sin/cos and exp are the solutions of the simplest differential equations and serve as a basis for the simplest interesting class of differential equations.
So, in a way, trigonometric functions, log and exp are the next thing found if one adds calculus to basic arithmetic.
But of course, it remains always slightly arbitrary since it is hard to justify the exclusion of elliptic functions, for example.
Yet, few people would argue that the elementary functions aren't simpler/satisfy simpler relations than elliptic functions in most respects.
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"At one time... every young mathematician was familiar with $\mathrm{sn}\,u$, $\mathrm{cn}\,u$, and $\mathrm{dn}\,u$, and algebraic identities between these functions figured in every examination" - E.H. Neville – Guess who it is. Apr 26 '12 at 13:26
The good old times. – Phira Apr


When your baby won't drink milk
Our nutritionist gives you some ideas on how to get your little one loving calcium
1) Cows' milk can be used in cooking for babies over 6 months, but not as a drink until he's 12 months, as it has too much salt and not enough iron. If your baby's over 6 months, try formula milk.
2) If your baby's over 6 months and you're moving from breastfeeding to bottlefeeding but he doesn't want to take formula in a bottle, try a using a cup or beaker instead.
3) Breakfast cereal will soak up milk if you leave it for a few minutes so sneak in milk this way.
4) Cook dishes that have milk in them, such as mashed potato, macaroni cheese and fish in white sauce.
5) Give your baby full-fat dairy products every day, including yoghurt and fromage frais for breakfast or as a pudding, and cubes of cheese as a snack.
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Wednesday, March 7, 2012
Jack London
Jack London wrote the short story "To Build a Fire" about a man in Alaska who is traveling all by his self in a freezing winter. He does very well for a while, but he accidentally steps on thin ice and from there slowly freezes to death. His story is very interesting, and perhaps may have been influenced by Transcendentalists in some manner. However, he treats nature differently that writers like Emerson did, and there is little that can be inferred about his thoughts concerning individualism from the story.
In "To Build a Fire" nature is the antagonist. The man in the story is trying to overcome the bitter coldness of an Alaska winter and return to is camp, or else freeze to death on the trail. He is in conflict with nature, it is his opponent. The Transcendentalists were all about nature. Emerson wrote that nature is the thing that preserves a persons individuality, and teaches them the moral lessons of life (Wayne). To Emerson, nature is the best friend a person could possibly have. There is clearly a very big difference between the way the two authors saw nature, and it is rather unlikely that Emerson influenced London in that respect. One thing the two do have in common in relation to nature is their respect for it. London saw its power in taking life, and respected it for that. Emerson saw its beauty, and had an equal respect for it. They had different reasons for the feeling, but both had it.
London's philosophy about individualism is a little bit difficult to tell from the story. His main character remarks that he should not have traveled alone, but that is more a reasonable matter of safety than a remark on philosophy. That the main character was all by his self in his fight against nature might be telling, but also telling may be that he ended up freezing to death. Really, it could go either way.
London, Jack. "To Build a Fire, by Jack London." The World of Jack London 2012®. Web. 07 Mar. 2012..
Wayne, Tiffany K. "Nature." Critical Companion to Ralph Waldo Emerson:A
Literary Reference to His Life and Work, Critical Companion. New York: Chelsea
House Publishing, 2010. Bloom's Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc.Web. 15 Feb. 2012.
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series: Sesame Street
air date: 2/05/13 7:00 AM
Grover, Elmo, and Rosita are imaging that they are Paleontologists, scientists who dig through dirt and stones to find fossils. Chris explains that fossils are what are left of a plant or an animal that lived a long time ago. The first thing they find in the dirt is a colorful, metal soup ladle which Grover thinks is a bone from a dinosaur. Next, they find two clothespins that Grover believes came from dinosaurs, as well. Elmo and Rosita find a bunch of other things, too. Chris breaks the news to them that these things are not fossils, because not everything old that is found in the dirt is a fossil. Grover is disappointed that they have zero fossils and that he won't be able to build a dinosaur out of what they found. Elmo suggests that they build a dinosaur even without fossils. Chris adds that they can use what they found in the dirt to build a dinosaur model. First, they can design a model, which means to think about and plan to put something together in a certain way before you build it. Elmo thinks the ladle looks like a dinosaur's head, Rosita thinks the spring looks like a dinosaur's tail, Grover thinks keys look like a dinosaur's arms, the spoons and clothespins could be legs and feet, and the xylophone could be the dinosaur's body. Then, they put it all together and create their very own dinosaur model. They decide to name it Barbara!
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Mobility Concepts
In the course of the Energy and Transport Transition, the need for sustainable mobility is increasing, especially in cities and municipalities. To make this possible, new concepts need to be developed. The focus is on topics such as e-mobility, alternative mobility modes, or multi-use concepts.
In collaborative projects, RLI supports and advises municipal stakeholders and industry actors in the definition of objectives and their implementation in the Energy and Transport Transition. To assess the regional requirements, RLI prepares potential analyses for e-mobility on the basis of socio-economic factors and infrastructure data.
Since public transport plays an important role in the Transport Transition, RLI accompanies companies in the electrification of public transport and develops implementation concepts for the integration of sustainable drive concepts, such as electric and fuel cell buses.
Carolin Daam
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Official Answer: Quest Stage == Quest Card
Caleb by e-mail wrote:
you're asking if there is a significant difference between the term 'quest stage' vs 'quest card' and the answer is 'no.' Those terms are used interchangeably. The number of quest stages in play is equal to the number of quest cards in play.
I was hoping there wouldn't be inconsistency within a single set (I understand how words from 2010 and 2015 could end up inconsistent).

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A summary of themes in olive anne burns's cold sassy tree learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of cold sassy tree and what it means perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Cold sassy tree is a 1984 historical novel by olive ann burns set in the us state of georgia in the fictional town of cold sassy in 1906, it follows the life of a 14-year-old boy named will tweedy, and explores themes such as religion, death, and social taboos an incomplete sequel to the novel, leaving cold sassy, was.
Personal experiences in olive ann burn's cold sassy tree - it is not difficult to find a connection between olive ann burns' life and the characters of her novel both the us and the ussr were neocolonialist powers, and a prime example of their desires to mold other states was the congo crisis, which acted to make.
A short summary of olive anne burns's cold sassy tree this free synopsis covers all the crucial plot points of cold sassy tree.
Buy the print cold sassy tree sparknote on bncom buy the ebook of this sparknote on bncom order cold sassy tree at bncom previous next take a study break the 17 worst texts to send to your crush if harry potter had google 7 things writers always get wrong about being in high school quiz: do you hate.


Can I Use Baking Soda In Place Of Baking Powder?
Many a time you started cooking and the recipe says the addition of baking powder but you do not have it.
Baking soda present at the kitchen shelf makes you think if it's a good substitute for your recipe or you will end up messing the whole thing.
Here we will solve the mystery that if you can use baking soda in place of baking powder
What Is Baking Soda?
Baking Soda is the commercial name of Sodium Bicarbonate. It acts to react with acidic components of food like milk, yoghurt, lemon etc. to carry out the reaction. This reaction releases carbon dioxide which rises the intended food like cake, muffins, bread, cookies etc.
Baking soda works on the same mechanism to rise food mass. So, what is the basic difference between baking soda and baking powder which makes the baking powder more commonly used than baking soda?
Difference between Baking Powder And Baking Soda
Baking Soda Is a whole alkali:
Baking Soda is an alkali or in other words a base. It requires an acid to react with. Remember the reaction of acetic acid with sodium bicarbonate we all did in school. A bubbling was observed which light outs the candle….carbon dioxide inhibits combustion.
Baking Soda Needs Acidic Components to Act:
So, if you have an acidic component in your food enough to balance the alkaline nature of baking soda, it can work well as a substitute for baking powder. Otherwise, it will produce a strong metallic flavour ruining the whole flavour of your food.
Baking Soda Can Function When Gets Heat:
Baking soda can also have a leavening effect when heated. A famous hack is opening clogged basin is to pour baking soda in the hole and add boiling water on the top. A frothing reaction is observed with bubbles popping up.
Therefore, we suggest using either enough acidic component or heat to make the reaction proceed.
Baking Powder Has A Good Proportion Of Baking Soda:
In the case of baking powder, they offer a cream of tartar, corn starch, and baking soda. Cream of tartar works as a dry acid component to make the reaction faster despite the unavailability of enough acidic components in the food. Thus, no change of flavour is observed even in you use baking powder a bit more than required or use it in a portion of food containing little to no acidic component.
Baking Powder Offers Double Action:
Baking powder offers a benefit over the baking soda in a sense it offers a double action. Half of the leavening action is performed at the time of addition and mixing of powder in the batter. The other half of the action is started when the baking process is initiated and the heat is provided. Therefore, you need not worry even if you have to keep the batter for even a day.
However, with the baking soda, you are advised to cook or bake the material right away in less than an hour.
So, here the question lies.
Can I Substitute Baking Soda With Baking Powder?
As mentioned before, baking soda needs an acidic environment to function its best. Therefore, you need enough amount of acidic component in your food to make it sufficient enough for the quantity of baking soda.
Amount Of Baking Soda Amount Of Acidic Component
One Teaspoon Of Baking Soda One Cup Of Buttermilk One Cup Of Yoghurt One Teaspoon Of Lemon Juice One Teaspoon Of Vinegar
How Much Baking Soda You Need To Take In Place Of Baking Powder?
Baking soda is four times more potent than baking powder. So, you need to take a quarter teaspoon of baking soda instead of a full teaspoon baking powder.
If you end up using the same amount of baking soda as that of baking powder in your recipe you will end up having a strong metallic or bitter flavour in your food.
It is because baking powder is the combination of baking soda with other elements which decreases its overall potency. However, in case of baking powder, you will be using an overall pure active ingredient that can also affect the flavour if used in excess.
Make Your Baking Powder At Home:
If you have run out of the baking powder, you can also make your own instantly from the common ingredients available in your kitchen. Moreover, making the baking powder at home is always a good choice if you do not bake often or if you live in a humid environment.
Cream of Tartar (dry powdered acid)… 2 tablespoon
Baking soda (active ingredient)… 1 tablespoon
Corn starch (storing agent, prevents clumping)… 1 tablespoon
You can adjust the ratio according to your requirement but mind to use it in the same ratio as the cream of tartar: baking soda: corn starch= 2:1:1
 - Take a dry well-cleaned container.
 - Add 2 tablespoons of cream of tartar and 1 tablespoon of baking soda in it.
 - Add a tablespoon of corn starch in the above mixture.
 - Use immediately or store in a cool and dry place.
 1. If you do not want to store the baking powder, you do not need to add corn starch. A 2:1 combination of cream of tartar and baking soda will do good.
 2. However, follow the complete recipe if you want to store the product.
 3. Store in a cool and dry place in an airtight container away from sunlight, heat, and moisture.
Key Takeaways:
 1. You can substitute baking soda with baking powder.
 2. You need to have enough acidic component in food if you intend to use baking soda instead of baking powder.
 3. Baking soda should be used in 1/4th quantity as that of baking powder as it is more potent.
 4. You can also make your the baking powder at home easily by mixing corn starch, baking powder, and cream of tartar in the ratio 1:1:2.


Local elementary school students are turning nickles into homes for people in need.
It's part of the La Crescent-Hokah elementary school Nickles for Nicaragua fundraiser.
The school put collection jars in each classroom for students to drop money in with a goal of being able to build a home for a family in need. They raised more than $2,000.
Along with being able to help a family in Nicaragua, it was also a learning experience for the students.
"They're one of the poorest countries in the world, it would be nice to help them because, with their houses, we're building some so they can have a better life," said students Maya Colby and Alana Andersen.
The teachers hope the project will help the students learn the value of giving early in their lives.


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1. The Appalachians are about (a) 250 billion years old; (b) 250 million years old; or (c) 250 thousand years old?
2. At the height of the last Ice Age about 18,000 years ago glacial ice sheets extended as far south in the Appalachians as (a) northeastern Pennsylvania; (b) Mt. Mitchell; or (c) Clingmans Dome.
3. There are more than 40 peaks in eastern Tennessee and WNC that exceed 6000 feet, whereas from the Virginia-NC state line northward there is only one peak that exceeds 6000 feet: (a) Mt. Rogers; (b) Mt. Washington; or (c) Mt. Katahdin.
4. The European wild boar was introduced at the following site in WNC early in the 20th century: (a) Hooper Bald; (b) Clingmans Dome; or (c) Mt. Kephart.
5. The following animal is no longer reported – correctly or not — with regularity in WNC: (a) cougar; (b) otter; or (c) timber wolf.
6. The following poisonous snake is not found in WNC: (a) timber rattler; (b) copperhead; or (c) cottonmouth moccasin.
7. The elusive warbler that seems to say "teach-er, teach-er, teach-er" is the (a) ovenbird; (b) yellow-rumped warbler; or (c) yellow warbler.
8. Nighthawks are most commonly seen in WNC (a) in the spring; (b) in the fall; or (c) never.
9. Blackpoll warblers are most commonly seen in WNC (a) in the spring; (b) in the fall; (c) never.
10. The rufous-sided towhee seems to sing a song that sounds like: (a) "never more"; (b) "drink-your-tea"; or (c) "bottoms-up."
11. The yellow-breasted chat is (a) a warbler; (b) a vireo; or (c) a thrush.
12. In WNC there are the following number of native evergreen rhododendron species: (a) one; (b) two; or (c) three.
13. The average peak flowering season for rhododendrons in WNC is (a) mid-April; (b) mid-May; or (c) mid-June.
14. The purple-flowered tree introduced from Asia with large upright flower clusters that appear in mid-spring and somewhat resemble lilac or wisteria in color is (a) butternut walnut; (b) the rare purple-goose tree; or (c) the princess tree or "Paulownia."
15. Tulip poplar is in reality a member of the following family: (a) Ericaceae; (b) Fabaceae; or (c) Magnoliaceae.
16. Squaw root (Conopholis americana), which is also known as cancer root, is parasitic on the root systems of (a) oak; (b) hickory; or (c) magnolia.
17. A "spring ephemeral" is a flowering plant that (a) is here today and gone tomorrow; (b) flowers before the leaf canopy closes in overhead in very early spring and loses all of its above-ground vegetation by mid-summer; or (c) rarely flowers in the spring but is common in the fall.
18. The following wildflowers are true "spring ephemerals": (a) bloodroot, violets, and wild ginger; (c) large-flowered trillium, chickweed, and wild bleeding heart; or (c) cut-leaved toothwort, squirrel corn, and spring beauty.
19. The Cherokees obtain the black colors for dying basket splints from (a) black walnut; (b) butternut walnut; or (c) buckeye.
20. The following naturalist was the first to arrive in the southern mountains: (a) F. Michaux; (b) W. Bartram; or (c) A. Gray.


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Epic Abrasion
for flute, oboe, bass clarinet, percussion, piano, violin, viola, and cello.
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Estimated Duration
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"Friction" and "interaction" are the central ideas of epic abrasion. Friction represents the resistance of two surfaces scraping each other and the tension between contrasting musical materials. A sense of friction also occurs when the relation between the performance effort and the audible outcome is unbalanced. The interaction within the ensemble resembles a group dialogue in everyday life, where the focus is constantly shifting among the participants. Everyone can be active independently at the same time, but they can also form different groups opposing each other or a few active participants can be exchanging intensely while the others are passively present. Throughout the work, just as in life, interaction is developed and kept alive by the notion of friction. The friction can appear in different forms, such as unspoken expectations, thoughts that are presented verbally but only reveal a fraction of its original meaning, or extreme outbursts of anger suppressed by conversation etiquette. While exploring the musical friction, each instrumental voice inhibits a role, just as an actor in a play would elaborate with different levels of expression. Friction, as musical material, ranges from the barely audible frictionless sounds such as long streams of air through the wind instruments and light scratches of a metal bowl rim to the strong friction-based musical materials such as the heavy scratch noises in the strings and the rattling timbre of the prepared piano in the lowest register. The blackboard manifests the synergy of friction and interaction by acting both as a messenger and a sound object during the piece. The percussionist, functioning as a "filter", interprets the noise from the performance space as well as the other musicians' playing and creates messages on the blackboard. These are instantly interpreted by the ensemble in an ongoing, circular feedback dialogue. As a contrast, the strict notation is used in other sections of the piece to focus on instants of abrasion and develop them into longer sequences of obstinate dialogues, perceived in the relief of layered timbres with shifting intensity.
Bass clarinet
Score Details
Format - A3 / Tabloid
Pages - 34
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American Journal of Business Education
While financial literacy is important for an audit committee in discharging its duties there is no authoritative guidance or definition and limited empirical research as to what constitutes financial literacy of audit committees and business students. Coates et al. conducted a study that examined the financial literacy of corporate board members and MBA students at the University of Chicago using an instrument developed by Schipper and WeiL Their findings suggest that both groups lack the appropriate level of financial literacy. This paper extends that research by using the same instrument to examine the financial literacy of undergraduate accounting finance students at a private Midwestern university. Our findings indicate the undergraduate students also lack financial literacy. Caution should be used in interpreting these results since there is no consensus definition of financial literacy within the accounting profession.


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Enrol in Understanding Medical Tests for Medical Office Staff
Course Code: HLTH058
With an understanding of medical testing you can help explain the test and its purpose to a patient, prepare the patient before the test, and give proper care during and after the test, and understand expected results. Risks, complications, and special concerns are covered. Strongly Recommended: Medical Terminology HLTH 56.


text: MgAuGa is the first ternary representative of the Mg–Au–Ga system. It adopts the Fe2P structure type (Pearson symbol hP9) and closely resembles hexagonal Mg2Ga through a direct group–subgroup relationship. MgAu2Ga also crystallizes hexagonally and is isotypic with Na3As. It adopts the structure of another binary compound, viz. Mg3Au (hP8), but shows an unexpected distribution of Mg, Au, and Ga among the atomic positions of the asymmetric unit compared to Mg3Au.


The US government will reportedly undertake various measures to drastically reduce its IT spending, including the closure of 40% of its computer centers by 2015, the NY Times reports. The US federal government has the world's largest IT budget at roughly $80 billion a year, and according to White House chief information officer Vivek Kundra, much of that cash is ill spent.
Kundra noted that the nation's 2,000 data centers utilize only 27% of their potential computing power and 40% of their overall storage capacity. By shutting 800 of those centers, analysts believe the move will save billions of dollars a year along with clearing approximately fourteen football fields worth of real estate.
Although data centers generally don't require a large staff to keep the gears oiled, it's estimated that tens of thousands of jobs will be eliminated over the next four years. The closures will begin this year with 195 centers targeted for execution by the end of 2011, followed by another 178 in 2012. The centers vary in size from 1,000 to 195,000 square feet.
Besides simply saving cash, the move will consolidate the government's IT infrastructure. For example, Kundra notes that across various US agencies, hundreds of different programs are used for financial accounting and human resources. "Redundant systems and applications sprouted like weeds," he said.
"We need to shift resources away from duplicative systems and use them to improve the citizen experience." To accomplish this, the government will rely on internal and third party cloud computing platforms.


text:
Australasian Babblers (Pomatostomidae)
HBW 12, p. 322
- Medium-sized, terrestrial passerines with rather elongated body, short, broad and rounded wings, long graduated tail with rounded tip, longish decurved bill, strong legs and feet; plumage rather sombre, typically brown, russet and grey, most species with distinct pale supercilium, one species mostly rufous.
- Australia and New Guinea.
- Woodland, shrubland and riparian habitats, one species in forest and secondary growth.
- 1 genus, 5 species, 10 taxa.
- No species threatened; none extinct since 1600.
List of species:
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text:
CONSTRUCTION OF OBSTACLE ELEMENT MAP BASED ON INDOOR SCENE RECOGNITION
Keywords: PointNet, Point cloud, Indoor scenes, Markov Random Field, Semantic recognition, Obstacle element map
Abstract. Route planning and navigation in indoor space have become a hot topic recently. To accomplish this task, a map and a real-time detection system are needed. Due to Lidar systems' high efficiency in data acquisition, Lidar sensors have become an indispensable part of an object detection system. In this paper, we use Lidar points to generate obstacle maps. The obstacle maps can be used as a reference for route planning and navigation. To identify single objects more precisely, a deep network combined PointNet with Markov Random Field (MRF) is designed in our work to classify Lidar points. Then, single objects are segmented by using the Euclidean clustering method. After that, the prior rules and derived criteria we summarized from large amount images are used to determine objects' kind between Influence Movement Obstacles (IMO) and Non-Influence Movement Obstacles (N-IMO). Finally, objects are projected into a 2D plane to generate obstacle maps. To evaluate the performance of our method, experiments were performed on the S3DIS dataset of Stanford University. The results show that our method greatly improves the overall accuracy compared to the original PointNet model, and can generate high-quality obstacle maps.


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Who Is Ben Bernanke?
This lesson printed from:
Posted June 8, 2009
Author: Scott Niederjohn
Posted: June 8, 2009
Updated: June 8, 2009
This lesson introduces students to the Chairman of the Federal Reserve System, Ben Bernanke. It describes briefly his involvement within the Federal Reserve.
- Explore the background of Ben Bernanke, the Federal Reserve Chairman.
- Use previous knowledge, interests, and material from this lesson in a KWL chart activity on the Federal Reserve, Allan Greenspan, and Ben S. Bernanke.
Many Americans regard the Chairman of the Federal Reserve System as one of the nation's most powerful officials, second only to the President. The influence of the Federal Reserve Chairman stretches beyond the borders of the United States, affecting the monetary policy and market conditions of nations throughout the world. Yet, to many Americans, the workings of the Federal Reserve System and the duties of the Chairman are mysteries. The purpose of this lesson is to:
- Examine the historical development of the Federal Reserve System.
- Provide background on Ben Bernanke, the new Federal Reserve Chairman.
- Provide additional resources for social studies teachers who wish to teach about the Federal Reserve System and monetary policy in their classrooms.
Start by having the students use the KWL chart. Instruct them to fill in the first two columns with what they know, and what they want to know, about the Federal Reserve System, Alan Greenspan, and Ben S. Bernanke. Then have them work through the information in the lesson and complete the other activities.
Alan Greenspan retired as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on January 31, 2006. He served for over 18 years. He was originally appointed to the office as Chairman on August 11, 1987, by President Reagan. Mr. Greenspan was reappointed to the Board for a full 14-year term, which began February 1, 1992. He was appointed Chairman by Presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, William Clinton, and George W. Bush. Mr. Greenspan served the second-longest term in the history of the Federal Reserve (Only William McChesney served longer). Click here to view the photographs and dates of service of the past Federal Reserve Chairmen.
Chairmen, Dates of terms:
Charles S. Hamlin Aug. 10, 1914-Aug. 9, 1916
William P.G. Harding Aug. 10, 1916-Aug. 9, 1922
Daniel R. Crissinger May 1, 1923-Sept. 15, 1927
Roy A. Young Oct. 4, 1927-Aug. 31, 1930
Eugene Meyer Sept. 16, 1930-May 10, 1933
Eugene R. Black May 19, 1933-Aug. 15, 1934
Marriner S. Eccles Nov. 15, 1934-Jan. 31, 1948
Thomas B. McCabe Apr. 15, 1948-Mar. 31, 1951
William McChesney Martin, Jr Apr. 2, 1951-Jan. 31, 1970
Arthur F. Burns Feb. 1, 1970-Jan. 31, 1978
G. William Miller Mar. 8, 1978-Aug. 6, 1979
Paul A. Volcker Aug. 6, 1979-Aug. 11, 1987
Alan Greenspan Aug. 11, 1987- January 31, 2006
Ben S. Bernanke January 31, 2006 - present
1. Whom did Alan Greenspan succeed, and in what year did this happen?
[Greenspan succeeded Paul A. Volcker in 1987.]
2. What did Greenspan do when the stock market crashed on October 19th, 1987? [ Having learned lessons from the actions taken by the Federal Reserve in 1929, Mr. Greenspan took steps to keep liquidity in the system to prevent this crash from spreading beyond the financial markets.]
3. What are some other highlights of Greenspan's tenure as Chairman?
[In the late 1990s, Mr. Greenspan faced the financial collapse in Asia. He was able to soften the impact of this crisis on the U.S. economy. He presided over the boom in technology stocks during the 1990s and warned that the rapid growth may have been unwarranted. On December 5, 1996, he used the term "irrational exuberance" to express his concern that the bubble would burst.]
4. Greenspan presided over for the longest period of economic expansion in U.S. history. When did this period of expansion occur, and how long was it? [This period of expansion occurred March 1991–February 2000, it lasted approximately 9 years.]
5. Who succeeded Greenspan as Chairman of the Federal Reserve? What challenges does he face? [Ben S. Bernanke is the new Chairman. He must formulate monetary policy, monitor stock market fluctuations, monitor the economy, and provide leadership in efforts to deal with the current financial crisis, etc.]
How Is the Chairman Appointed?
Mr. Bernanke was appointed Federal Reserve Chairman through a process similar to the one used in other high level federal appointments. The Federal Reserve Act (FRA) of 1913 established the Federal Reserve System. The FRA explains who is eligible to serve on the Board of Governors and who may serve as Chairman; it also sets term limits. The FRA states that to become Chairman a person must be a member of the Board of Governors. This might suggest that only current Governors can serve as Chairman but in fact, as pointed out by Andrew Foerster of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, a candidate can be simultaneously appointed Governor and Chairman. The President nominates people to serve as Federal Reserve Board Governors. Then the process moves to the Senate, where the nominee testifies before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. From there, the nomination moves to the floor of the Senate for a vote. The Chairman is appointed to a four-year term. The Chairman can serve several four-year terms, as did Alan Greenspan. These are a few of the "Most Frequently Asked Questions" about Mr. Bernanke. If you need some help, go back to the information above.
What was Mr. Bernanke's most recent appointment before becoming Chairman of the Federal Reserve? [Mr. Bernanke was sworn in on June 21, 2005, as Chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers.]
What position did he hold before being appointed as Chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers? [Prior to his appointment to the Council, Mr. Bernanke served as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. He was appointed on August 5, 2002, and resigned on June 21, 2005.]
What are Mr. Bernanke's academic credentials for the Federal Reserve job? [Nominees for the Chairman of the Federal Reserve in the past have come from banking, government, academia, and from within the Fed. Mr. Bernanke is an academic. He has an impressive educational background. He received a B.A. in economics in 1975 from Harvard University (summa cum laude) and a Ph.D. in economics in 1979 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Bernanke was a professor of economics at Princeton University from 1996 to 2002.]
Is Mr. Bernake regarded as a scholar? [Yes, Mr. Bernake is regarded as a scholar. Mr. Bernanke has published many articles on a wide variety of economic issues, including monetary policy and macroeconomics, and he is the author of several scholarly books and two textbooks. He has held a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Sloan Fellowship, and he was a Fellow of the Econometric Society and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Mr. Bernanke served as the Director of the Monetary Economics Program of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and as a member of the NBER's Business Cycle Dating Committee.]
- Does Mr. Bernake have any background as a leader in K-12 education? [Yes, Mr. Bernanke served two terms as a member of the Montgomery Township (N.J.) Board of Education.]
The Chairman of the Federal Reserve System is widely considered to be one of the most powerful people in the world. This lesson introduces students to the new Fed chair, Ben Bernanke, while also reviewing some history and structure of the Federal Reserve System.
Ask the students to complete the "Learned" column in the KWL chart and evaluate the information they include. Instruct them to include the following information:
- Alan Greenspan's place in Fed history
- The structure of the Fed
- How the Federal Chairman is chosen
- Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke's background
If they need additional information, send them to _URL_ for help.
Using the following information about the Great Depression, as written by Bernanke, start a discussion with the students (as a class or in small groups) about the Federal Reserve's role in the Great Depression. This information provides a concise summary; however, teachers might consider using lessons on the Great Depression from the Council on Economic Education store, Focus: Understanding Economics in U.S. History curriculum.
In his book, Essays on the Great Depression, Bernanke refers to the Great Depression as


What is a linear drawing?
A linear drawing is a graphical diagram representing a system of connections or interrelations among two or more things by a number of distinctive dots, lines, curves and bars. This is the simplest form of linear expression where contour lines are used to outline visible edges of an object.
Q&A Related to "What is a linear drawing?"
1. Find the x- and y-intercepts. This is probably the simplest way to draw a linear equation. The x- and y-intercepts are the points where the line crosses the x- and y-axis, respectively
Linear type systems are based on or inspired by Jean-Yves Girard's linear logic. Go read. What is linear logic? and then come back here. Following the Curry-Howard isomorphism
In the context of geometry, related to a line. In an algebraic context, an equation or expression where each of the unknown variables appears with a power of 1. If there are n variables
Social Security concerns itself with "earned" income. Any net profit from self-employment or wages from a job is considered earned income. Bonuses, commissions, vacation
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What is the X in X-mas?
not enough room to swing a cat
Very little space, cramped quarters, as in There's not enough room to swing a cat in this tent. This expression, first recorded in 1771, is thought to allude to the cat-o'-nine-tails, or "cat," a whip with nine lashes widely used to punish offenders in the British military.
The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary
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Military Order of World Wars
Sampul Depan
Turner Publishing Company, 15 Jun 1996 - 208 halaman
In this ambitious study of the intense and often adversarial relationship between English and American literature in the nineteenth century, Robert Weisbuch portrays the rise of American literary nationalism as a self-conscious effort to resist and, finally, to transcend the contemporary British influence.
Describing the transatlantic "double-cross" of literary influence, Weisbuch documents both the American desire to create a literature distinctly different from English models and the English insistence that any such attempt could only fail. The American response, as he demonstrates, was to make strengths out of national disadvantages by rethinking history, time, and traditional concepts of the self, and by reinterpreting and ridiculing major British texts in mocking allusions and scornful parodies.
Weisbuch approaches a precise characterization of this "double-cross" by focusing on paired sets of English and American texts. Investigations of the causes, motives, and literary results of the struggle alternate with detailed analyses of several test cases. Weisbuch considers Melville's challenge to Dickens, Thoreau's response to Coleridge and Wordsworth, Hawthorne's adaptation of Keats and influence on Eliot, Whitman's competition with Arnold, and Poe's reshaping of Shelley. Adding a new dimension to the exploration of an emerging aesthetic consciousness, Atlantic Double-Cross provides important insights into the creation of the American literary canon.
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Kami tak menemukan resensi di tempat biasanya.
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look up any word, like fluffer:
Secure Housing Unit - a prison term for a lockdown high security housing unit. Pelican Bay in Northern California has a notorious SHU.
After shanking his cellie, Mike spent five years in the SHU.
by mijito64 June 10, 2005
Shu (Su) was the god of dry air, wind and the atmosphere. He was also related to the sun, possibly as an aspect of sunlight. He was the son of the creator god, father of the twin sky and the earth deities and the one who held the sky off of the earth. He was one of the gods who protected Ra on his journey through the underworld, using magic spells to ward off Ra's enemy, the snake-demon Apep. As with other protector gods, he had a darker side - he was also a god of punishment in the land of the dead, leading executioners and torturers to kill off the corrupt souls. His name might be derived from the word for dryness - shu, the root of words such as 'dry', 'parched', 'withered','sunlight' and 'empty'. His name could also mean 'He who Rises Up'.
Shu was generally depicted as a man wearing an ostrich feather headdress, holding a sceptre and the ankh sign of life. Sometimes he is shown wearing the sun disk on his head, linking him to the sun. Occasionally, when shown with his sister-wife Tefnut, he is shown in lion form and the two were known as the "twin lion gods". At other times, he was shown with the hind part of a lion as his headdress, linking him to his leonine form. Mostly, he was shown with his arms raised, holding up the goddess Nut as the sky, standing on the body of Geb.
by World_Religions August 04, 2010
the Secure Housing Unit (SHU for short), or isolation facility of a maximum security prison.
While technically, SHU can be used to describe any prison's isolation facility, it commonly refers to the unit of the Pelican Bay State Prison ("Pelican Bay"), located in Folsom, California.
The term SHU (pronounced "SHOE") alludes to the housing unit itself and/or the Draconian policies that comprise its operations program. The goal of the program is to "monitor, control and isolate" about 1,200 of the most volatile and dangerous inmates in the California prison system.
When compared to the freedoms and luxuries enjoyed by minimum to medium-security offenders (visitors, T.V. and telephone privileges, uncensored mail, etc.), or even to the generally restrictive standards of maximum security inmates housed in the general population, the SHU is considered oppressive:
All inmates are kept in solitary confinement (a.k.a. lockdown.) Housed in cells (called pods) made of solid concrete, they make communication with others virtually impossible.
Prisoners are on lockdown 22.5 hours every day, allowed out for only 90 minutes to stretch and excercise in an enclosed space. Less than 20 feet long, this "yard" provides no view, save for a patch of skylight creeping in from the exposed roof.
The austere living conditions and isolation have created an environment of continual mental distress. Many inmates report feeling pychologically broken and a greatly diminshed (if not wholly extinguished) sense of identity; not surprising when the posessions and activities commonly used to define a life (clothes, food, friends, etc.) are forbidden.
Some even struggle to maintain a basic state of sanity. Many inmates sufffer from depression and/or mental illness, and the SHU has limited access to services and treatment. All of the units reserved to meet mental health needs are full, leaving untreated inmates on a prolonged waiting list.
You think you can do this to me?! You motherfuckers will be playing basketball in Pelican Bay......when I get finished with you!
Shoe program, nigga! Twenty-three hour lockdown!
-Denzel Washington, as Alonzo Harris, in "Training Day"
A focal point in many films on crime/prison in California, the SHU was recently (and perhaps most famously) mentioned in the 2001 film Training Day.
Starring Denzel Washington and Ethan Hawke, it portrays 'a day in the life' of a "narc": on L.A.'s mean streets, and chronicles the final 24 hours of a corrupt narcotics detective who's about to reap the full harvest of the evil sown during his career.
Both Washington and Hawke were nominated for top honors in their film categories (Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, respectively). Denzel Washington took home the 2001 Best Actor Oscar for Training Day at the 74th Annual Academy Awards. He was the second African-American actor to receive the award; the first since Sidney Poitier (Lilies of the Field, 1963).
by the pleasant companion October 04, 2006
An arabic word that means What? Used in an informal way to friends or acquaintances.What
Shu? I did not hear what you said.
by Zeina May 18, 2005
A minuscule bird located in the southern hills of Pakistan. Despite it's small nature, it's penis is the ninth largest in terms of body to penis ratio.
Person A. "My God, if only my penis were sizably proportionate to that of a miniscule Pakistani mountain bird.
Person B. lolshu?
by Shuluver January 16, 2008
To fuck hard or vigorously.
"I'm going to shu your ass like a I would a watermelon."
by Shuluver January 16, 2008
Scoville Heat Unit: the the amount of water needed to dilute the capsaicin beyond human taste capacity in equal parts water to the weight of the mass being tested.
that hot sauce is 3,000 SHU.
it required 1,000 grams of water to dilute 1 gram of that hot sauce, thus the hot sauce is 1,000 Scoville heat units.
by quintuple May 06, 2009


"DarkLight: looking for dark matter at the JLab Free Electron Laser" The Dark Forces explanation of dark matter predicts a low mass (0.01-10 GeV/c^2) scalar or vector boson that kinetically mixes with the photon. DarkLight will look for evidence of the dark force by search for an electron positron resonance in ep->epee scattering. The experiment makes use of the 1MW free electron laser beam, a dense H2 target and a detector able to measure all three final state leptons and the recoiling proton, allowing full reconstruction of each event. After briefly reviewing the theory, I will describe our experiment and several other experiments exploring other parts of the parameter space.


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PLAN AND OPTIMIZE YOUR DELIVERY ROUTE PLANNING WITHIN A MINUTE
Help to save cost, save time, increase effectiveness of product delivery planning.
If you need assistant for your transportation work, determine the product delivery points in sequence and then organize your routes which will reduce cost and increase efficiency. The Route Optimization is one feature of our TMS solution, which assists in product delivery route planning based on conditions for each type of business. It is simple and suitable for business with many transportation points. Users can apply the System to organize vehicles to transport goods automatically, by selecting the type of transportation with shortest distance or least delivery time, in order to estimate cost and expenses that have occurred from product transportation and evaluate job plans in advance.
- Input Purchase Order Information:
Import Purchase Order Information from Excel File
- Summary Input:
Summarize all customers' information, products and DC and show on GIS Map.
- Optimization :
Determine route calculation format based on own conditions.
- Summary Report :
Summary Report on amount of vehicles needed and compare job details of each vehicle.
- Export Report :
Delivery Sequence Report, Customers' Product Information Report, Departure and Arrival time of Each Destination Report.


next up previous contents index
Next: DO Loops Up: Basic Fortran Concepts Previous: Expressions and Assignments
Integer and Real Data Types
The LOAN program would have been more complicated if it had not taken advantage of some implicit rules of Fortran concerning data types: this requires a little more explanation.
Computers can store numbers in several different ways: the most common numerical data types are those called integer and real. Integer variables store numbers exactly and are mainly used to count discrete objects. Real variables are useful many other circumstances as they store numbers using a floating-point representation which can handle numbers with a fractional part as well as whole numbers. The disadvantage of the real data type is that floating-point numbers are not stored exactly: typically only the first six or seven decimal digits will be correct. It is important to select the correct type for every data item in the program. In the last example, the number of years was an integer, but all of the other variables were of real type.
The data type of a constant is always evident from its form: character constants, for example, are enclosed in a pair of apostrophes. In numerical constants the presence of a decimal point indicates that they are real and not integer constants: this is why the value one was represented as ''1.0" and not just ''1".
There are several ways to specify the data type of a variable. One is to use explicit type statements at the beginning of the program. For example, the previous program could have begun like this:
Although many programming languages require declarations of this sort for every symbolic name used in the program, Fortran does not. Depending on your point of view, this makes Fortran programs easier to write, or allows Fortran programmers to become lazy. The reason that these declarations can often be omitted in Fortran is that, in the absence of an explicit declaration, the data type of any item is determined by the first letter of its name. The general rule is:
initial letters I-N integer type
initial letters A-H and O-Z real type.
next up previous contents index
Helen Rowlands


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Our customers' specifications for unique material applications and performances may require a suitable coating process provided by any of the following types.
Note: Technical Coating International coats and laminates primarily using the Direct (or Forward) gravure process shown below.
The gravure coating process relies on an engraved roller running in a coating bath, which fills the engraved dots or lines of the roller with the coating material. The excess coating on the roller is wiped off by the Doctor Blade and the coating is then deposited onto the substrate as it passes between the Engraved roller and a Pressure Roller.
Reverse Roll Coating
In this procedure, the coating material is measured onto the applicator roller by precision setting of the gap between the upper metering roller and the application roller below it. The coating is 'wiped' off the application roller by the substrate as it passes around the support roller at the bottom. The diagram illustrates a 3-roll reverse roll coating process, although 4-roll versions are common.
Knife-Over-Roll Coating "Gap Coating"
This process relies on a coating being applied to the substrate which then passes through a 'gap' between a 'knife' and a support roller. As the coating and substrate pass through, the excess is scraped off. This process can be used for high viscosity coatings and very high coat weights, such as plastisols and rubber coatings. There are innumerable variants of the relatively simple process which is rugged, hard-working and somewhat inaccurate.
Metering Rod (Meyer Rod) Coating
In this coating process, an excess of the coating is deposited onto the substrate as it passes over the bath roller. The wire-wound metering rod, sometimes known as a Meyer Rod, allows the desired quantity of the coating to remain on the substrate. The quantity is determined by the diameter of the wire used on the rod. This process is remarkably tolerant of non-precision engineering of the other components of the coating machine.
Slot Die (Slot, Extrusion) Coating
In the Slot Die process, the coating is squeezed out by gravity or under pressure through a slot and onto the substrate. If the coating is 100% solids, the process is termed 'Extrusion' and in this case, the line speed is frequently much faster than the speed of the extrusion. This enables coatings to be considerably thinner than the width of the slot.
Immersion (Dip) Coating
In this simple process, the substrate is dipped into a bath of the coating, which is normally of a low viscosity to enable the coating to run back into the bath as the substrate emerges. This process is frequently used on porous substrates.
In the Curtain Coating process, a bath with a slot in the base allows a continuous curtain of the coating to fall into the gap between two conveyors. The object to be coated, such as a door, is passed along the conveyor at a controlled speed and so receives the coating on its upper face. Smelly and crude versions of these machines were once common.
Air Knife Coating
A simple process where the coating is applied to the substrate and the excess is 'blown off' by a powerful jet from the air knife. This procedure is typically used for aqueous coatings and is particularly noisy.
Decorative & Automotive Colors


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SMYRNA, Tenn. - A retiree in Smyrna got the surprise of her life recently. Betty LeMaster discovered that the rock she'd been using as a doorstop for 16 years was actually a 450-million-year-old fossilized coral.
LeMaster found what she first thought was just a unique rock in her front yard more than a decade ago, but always thought there was something more to it.
After her husband reassured her it was probably nothing more than a unique-looking rock, she decided to keep it, and use it as a doorstop inside her home.
But recently, she said while she was watching an episode of the geological TV series "America Unearthed," she thought to get the rock checked out by a geologist to find out about it.
The geologist, MTSU professor Alan Brown, said he immediately could tell what it was: not a rock, but a ten-pound fossilized coral, estimated to be about 450-million years old.
"I couldn't believe it, and my daughter looked at me and said, 'You used it as a door prop for 16 years!'," LeMaster said. "Needless to say its not a door prop anymore."
Brown said 450 million years ago, Tennessee was part of a shallow sea bed, so old fossils aren't that hard to find, but a fossil the size of Betty's is.


Marijuana Card Clinic Brookfield
Health Benefits of Marijuana Card Clinic Brookfield
Marijuana Card Clinic has played a great role in taking it to a wider set of patients in the state. Marijuana was used as medicine from ancient days. It is a powerful medicine with a lot of health benefits. There is evidence in the history that suggest the use of marijuana to cure glaucoma and swelling in ancient Egypt. As in the ancient days, medical cannabis Brookfield has gained relevance again. Marijuana is an effective cure for numerous chronic diseases and sensing the miraculous effect of this drug, thirty-three states in America have legalized it. A person with a Brookfield medical Marijuana card can buy it for treatment. The following are some of the health benefits of Brookfield medical cannabis.
Visit Clinic
Receive Your Card
 1. Marijuana Alleviates Chronic Pain: Pain is termed as chronic when it lasts for a considerable amount of time. Medical marijuana dispensaries Brookfield supply medical cannabis for pain relief. Every Brookfield medical marijuana cardholder has affirmed the power of cannabis in this regard.
 2. Medical Marijuana Improves Appetite: Patients of serious illness like cancer have poor appetite due to treatments such as chemotherapy. Green Clinic Brookfield administer medical marijuana and improvement of appetite is the result.
 3. Medical Marijuana is used to treat PTSD: PTSD is a mental health condition that has to be treated. Brookfield licensed dispensaries administer medical marijuana to alleviate the condition and reduce the symptoms.
 4. Medical Marijuana Reduces Anxiety: Medical marijuana Mo is effective to treat anxiety. Green health Brookfield advises you to take smaller doses while treating anxiety. Over dosage can result in adverse effects.
 5. Medical Marijuana Reduces Seizure Activity: Medical cannabis Brookfield is taken to reduce seizure activities. Researchers conducted by medical Marijuana dispensaries Brookfield have found results supporting it. At the same time, more researches and studies are required to find what effects can medical cannabis Brookfield can bring about for epileptic patients.
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National Assessment Program - Literacy and Numeracy Testing (NAPLAN)
The VCAA is responsible for the National Assessment Program - Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) in Victoria.
NAPLAN is an annual assessment for students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9. It has been a part of the school calendar since 2008.
NAPLAN tests are undertaken nationwide, every year, in early May.
NAPLAN is made up of tests in four areas (or 'domains'):
- Language Conventions (spelling, grammar and punctuation)
The results of the tests provide information for students, parents, teachers and principals about student achievement which can be used to inform teaching and learning programs. NAPLAN tests provide point-in-time information regarding student progress in literacy and numeracy and are intended to complement teacher judgement and the wide range of formal and informal testing programs that are already used in schools. As with all single assessments, NAPLAN test results are not intended to be used in isolation from other school-based assessment programs.
The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) has responsibility for the central management of the NAPLAN and a Test Administration Authority (TAA) in each state or territory is responsible for the implementation of the tests.
The VCAA is the TAA for all Victorian schools and school sectors.
Information for Schools
Information about NAPLAN for schools.
Information for Parents
Information about NAPLAN for parents.


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Media Contact: Ron Walli
Communications and Media Relations
ORNL project seeks to pinpoint time since death
OAK RIDGE, Tenn., June 7, 2000 Determining when a crime victim died can make the difference between a criminal going free or being brought to justice, and researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are developing a system that could help justice prevail.
Arpad Vass of the Department of Energy's ORNL and colleagues at the University of Tennessee (UT) are examining time-dependent chemical and biological markers in hopes of gaining a better understanding of the cadaver decay process.
"Our ultimate goal would be to develop a tricorder-like device that we could wave over a body to tell us how long the person has been dead," Vass said. "Short of that, we're developing a model that would allow forensic scientists to insert data into a chart or computer program to determine how long a person has been dead."
If law enforcement agents find a body within 12 to 24 hours, forensics experts have techniques to determine time since death - plus or minus four hours. But it becomes more complicated if a body is found several days later. And in warm climates or during the summer, a body can be reduced to bones in just 30 days, Vass said.
To develop one of their models, Vass is focusing on tissue analysis and hoping to determine which organ provides the best indication of how long a person has been dead. Lungs are the first to decay. As a body decomposes, proteins break down into amino acids and progressively smaller molecules. By studying whether there is a constant rate at which the large molecules of the body break down, Vass believes he can develop a computer program that correlates the percentage of larger molecules to small ones with a number of days.
As part of the project, Vass and UT graduate students Jennifer Love and Jennifer Synstelien take daily tissue samples from cadavers at the Anthropological Research Facility in Knoxville. The internationally known facility contains anywhere from 10 to 24 bodies at any one time that have been donated to the program in the hopes of helping science and law enforcement.
"Each year, there are about 90,000 homicides in this country," Vass said, "and for every one, you need to know when the person died. Our research can help answer the where and when, and that should help law enforcement officials solve crimes."
Vass' research is also aimed at telling whether the body has been moved from where death occurred.
"We can tell if a body has been moved by looking at volatile fatty acids in the soil or whatever is under the body," said Vass, of ORNL's Life Sciences Division. "If these fluids - or even traces - aren't present, the body didn't decay there."
While Vass is concentrating on tissue analysis, Love, a graduate assistant in UT's Department of Anthropology, is focusing on aroma scan technology. Her goal is to use an electronic nose with 32 sensors and identify a unique signature that would look for changes over time. It is something that could be used by police officers in the field to help locate bodies.
"Although our ultimate goal would be to develop an odor-sensitive instrument that would tell us time since death, initially we're studying changes in odor pattern and intensity," Love said. "By systematically studying these changes as a body decomposes and correlating the changes to temperature and humidity, we hope to gain a better understanding of this process as it relates to locating a corpse."
Vass is convinced the research will result in the development of a scientific protocol for determining time since death that will eliminate the uncertainty involved with using methods that rely on observation and opinion.
The research is funded by DOE. ORNL is a multiprogram research facility operated by UT-Battelle.


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29 Jan 2007
08 May 2009)
Educational network planning tool for the RWA problem in WDM networks (MILP and heuristic based)
% Usage: [edgeTable] = trans_topologyMat2edgeTable(topologyMatrix)
% Abstract: This function converts a "topology matrix" in a "edges matrix".
% We translate the information about the physical topology from a format
% "topology matrix' (matrix of 1's and 0's where each entry (i,j)indicates
% if there is a physical link from the node i to the node j if the entry is
% '1'.) to a format "edges matrix" (matrix where each row is a link and the
% first and second column of each row are respectively the origin node and
% the destination node).
% o In:
% topologyMatrix(NxN): N-by-N integer matrix. Graph of the network topology
% (physical topolgy of links or vurtual topology of edges) of nodes and edges,
% where N is the number of nodes. As entry (i,j) is the number of edges existing
% from the node i to the node j. It is usually 1 or 0, in case of the edge exists
% or not respectively. As agreement the values of main diagonal are
% established to 0.
% o Out:
%. edgeTable(M,2): M-by-2 integer matrix. Each row is an edge (physical link
% or lightpath)'m', where the first and second columns of each row are the
% origin node 'x' and destination node 'y' of this edge'm' respectively and
% M is the number of physical links or lightpaths if the network topology
% is physical or virtual respectively.
function [edgeTable] = trans_topologyMat2edgeTable(topologyMatrix)
if (nargin==0), help trans_topologyMat2edgeTable;return, end %help calling
if (nargin~=1), error('1: Incorrect number of arguments.'),end %Number of input arguments different of 1


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- About Ateneum
John Everett Millais (1829–1896) belonged to the generation that lived before the Symbolists of the 1890s. He was a founder member of the Pre-Raphaelites, who have been described as Britain's first modern art movement. His works combine scientific precision with a prolific imagination. In his later works he underlined a more realistic view of the world, rather than fairytale, while never totally abandoning lyricism.
Millais was born in Southampton into a wealthy family, originally from the isle of Jersey. As a boy he displayed a precocious talent for art, winning a silver medal at the Society of Arts in London at the age of nine. He was the youngest ever student admitted to the Royal Academy Schools, which he entered at the age of eleven.
He was a co-founder, in 1848, of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, along with Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt. The group believed in truth to nature, but their work also drew on literary and religious themes, and was often heavily reliant on visual symbolism.
The Pre-Raphaelites were championed by the critic John Ruskin, whose wife Effie Gray married Millais in 1855. The couple settled at Bowerswell, Perthshire, and in 1881 Millais rented a sporting estate at Murthly, where he was inspired to produce some of his most atmospheric late landscapes. Millais also established himself as a successful portrait painter and in 1885 he was created a baronet. In 1896, shortly before his death, he was elected President of the Royal Academy in London.


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The Sabine's Gull is a small species of gull that breeds across parts of the Arctic. They are highly migratory; many birds travel down to coastal areas around South America and southern Africa for the winter.
In most taxonomies, the Sabine's Gull is considered to be the only bird in its genus, Xema. Its general behavior and especially its hunting-style and flight are all particularly tern-like.
Sabine's Gulls are named for the Irish ornithologist and explorer Sir Edward Sabine. Two other birds are named after Sabine: Sabine's Puffback (a kind of bushshrike) and Sabine's Spinetail (a type of swift).


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Before Access 2007, you could calculate totals on your data in query, report, or form view. Access 2007 lets you add a Total row field to your tables.
For example, say you want to find out the average number of hours your employees worked per week in June. Follow these steps to add a total row to the hours field column in your Employees database:
1. Open your Employees database.
2. In the Navigation pane, double-click the table that records the hours worked for the month of June.
3. Click the Hours field name in the open table.
4. Click the Home tab.
5. Click the Totals button.
6. Scroll to the end of the Hours column and click the Total row field's list arrow.
7. Select Average.
To find the maximum or minimum number of hours worked by any one employee, select Maximum or Minimum, respectively, in step 7. To obtain a total of all hours worked for the month, select Sum in step 7.
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Check out the Microsoft Access archive, and catch up on our most recent Access tips.
Help users increase productivity by automatically signing up for TechRepublic's free Microsoft Office Suite newsletter, featuring Word, Excel, and Access tips, delivered each Wednesday.


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Mayhew is located at west of Columbus, north of Artesia, east of Starkville and south of West Point. According to the United States Geological Survey, a variant name is Mayhew Station. Mayhew Station was the original name given to this community when it was moved from its original site (near Muldrow, Mississippi) to alongside the tracks of the newly built Mobile and Ohio Railroad (later Gulf, Mobile & Ohio) in the very early 1850s. The original location of the town of Mayhew is now referred to as Old Mayhew, but only a cemetery exists there today. Mayhew held the distinction for most of the 20th Century as being home to Stover Apiaries, the world's largest Queen Bee apiary, which shipped queen bees to beekeepers worldwide.
Mayhew is also referred to as Mayhew Junction by area residents, a reference to when US Highways 82 and 45 crossed as at-grade two-lane highways. Before the construction of the new US 82 and the expansion of US 45 to four lanes, the intersection of the original highways was a four way stop, because it was quite dangerous. Several bars and service stations lined the four sides of the original intersection, and were torn down when the new expressways were built over a period of several years between 1975 and 1995.


Load Balancing SQL with NetScaler
Scaling the Data Tier with Citrix NetScaler DataStream Technology
Native support and intelligence of SQL transactions is the key to extending the scalability, availability, and security benefits that the ADC brings to the web tier to the data tier, as noted in Sunil Potti's blog. Similar to the benefits of HTTP load balancing, a data tier load balancer should provide these key benefits:
 - A native SQL proxy like solution to perform SQL connection management and offload for database scale up scenarios to increase SQL connection limit.
 - A TDS protocol and SQL transaction intelligent load balancer that can accurately monitor backend server status including slave replication backlog to
 optimally distribute load in database scale out setups.
 - High Availability that can address both Master/Master and Master/Slave replication deployments to complete the database scaling solution. Both scaling approaches also need advanced, clustering-like automated IP failover for lower cost high availability with commodity hardware.
 - Database security encompassing transaction activity logging tied to user logins for compliance purposes to be generated from a central location to
 simplify record management.
NetScaler DataStream Technology
Leveraging its expertise in web applications, NetScaler with DataStream technology is the first ADC that justifiably addresses data tier challenges.
With DataStream technology, NetScaler introduces the industry's first "true" load balancer for data that offers native SQL protocol, data format and
transaction support for scaling database infrastructures. Structured Query Language (SQL) which is the de-facto data format, TDS (Tabular Data Stream) and Oracle MySQL, protocols that are widely deployed, are natively parsed and interpreted in NetScaler's high speed processing engine, providing all of the
advance policy framework available to act on data connections and transactions. Applying all of the same HTTP acceleration technologies to SQL, NetScaler is able to provide the same benefits to the data tier, such as SQL Connection Multiplexing, SQL Load Balancing, SQL Content Switching, SQL Health Monitoring, Automated Failover and Security.
SQL connection multiplexing: NetScaler's SQL transaction intelligence enables NetScaler to act as a SQL proxy and terminate SQL connections from both
client and server. Client to server connection multiplexing ratios of 50:1 or more is achievable depending on the application, number of unique database user
logins and character sets in use. SQL Load balancing: Armed with SQL transaction awareness, NetScaler can switch one client's many SQL transactions in a single TCP connection to several different servers. This delivers more optimal load balancing of SQL traffic since the load distribution is more granular when compared to a TCP load balancer.
 - SQL Content switching (read/write split): NetScaler can interpret SQL transactions and decipher between "select", "drop", "insert", "update" and other SQL statements and perform a split between read and write transactions. Splitting the reads and writes simplifies application server deployments by offloading the decision making and policy enforcement to NetScaler.
 - SQL Health monitoring: NetScaler intelligently load balances SQL requests, by selecting the database server that will return up-to-date data the fastest at the time of the request and sending the read request to only that server.
 - Automated IP failover: NetScaler's Virtual IP address solution is based on automated IP failover implementation where the virtual IP is assigned to the master node is switched over to the secondary node upon detection of heartbeat/monitor failure.
 - Security: NetScaler can apply granular user access policies to each database user. It also provides a consolidated log of all SQL transactions and user
 accesses for complete visibility, without taxing the database server. SQL protocol validation is also available with advanced Policy Infrastructure (PI)
 regular expressions.
As the industry's first SQL aware load balancing solution, NetScaler addresses the scaling and availability needs of the data tier, leveraging its
HTTP ADC technology for the web tier. NetScaler's SQL connection multiplexing scales connection limits for database scale up, native SQL load balancing
optimizes database scale-out, SQL transaction logs simplifies database security and replication aware monitors with Virtual IP based failover enables
cost-effective high-availability.
Combine SQL with Netscaler and you have a perfect match =o)
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The town has been ruled at various points by the Kingdom of Poland, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Austrian empire, the Austro-Hungarian empire, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and is now part of the Lviv Oblast in Ukraine; as a result Bibrka has several official and native names, including: Bóbrka (Polish/Russian), Prachnik (German), and Boiberke/Boyberke (Yiddish). The city has a population of 3,980.
Bibrka was the site of a Soviet prison and detention centre that detained Poles and others in the mid-20th century.
- (Polish) Bóbrka (Bibrka) in the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1880)
- JewishGen ShtetLinks, Bóbrka by Bev Shulster. Retrieved 25 May 2006
- My Bibrka (Ukrainian), (Russian)
|This article about a location in Lviv Oblast is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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If you're the kind of person who found both the book and movie for Confessions of a Shopaholic to be stunningly accurate depictions of the sadness that comes from valuing material possessions too much, a new study from the Journal of Consumer Research has got your back. Researchers have found that the more materialistic you are, the lonelier you get, and vice versa.
The study isolated the three different "subtypes" of materialism that scientists have long rested their research on: acquisition centrality, which is when someone is just a shopaholic type who likes buying things; possession-defined success, when someone is always trying to buy things to keep up with those around them; and acquisition as the pursuit of happiness, which is when people get happy just from the process of trying to buy something – having a goal, so to speak.
This research is notable because it's found a slightly different pattern of behavior than than the work that's been done before was able to:
This research is the ﬁrst to provide evidence that materialism and loneliness form a self-perpetuating cycle with vicious and virtuous sides. Materialism was associated with an increase in loneliness over time, and loneliness was associated with an increase in materialism over time, and this latter effect was notably stronger.
Researchers found that people who fell into possession-defined success were actually falling into a long "materialism-loneliness cycle" where they would get lonelier the more they purchased and then continue purchasing more. But on the flip side, traditional shopoholics actually reported being less lonely over time, and any increase in materialism on the part of the person wasn't related to their feelings of loneliness. So if you just like buying things, it won't make you lonely.
All that being said, if you're single, watch out:
...singles sought happiness by means of material possessions...more than other people did but they appeared to derive less pleasure from acquiring and owning material possessions...and they used them less as a measure of success in life....Thus, singles endorsed items such as "I'd be happier if I could afford to buy more things" more, but they endorsed items such as "Buying things gives me lots of pleasure" and "I like to own things that impress people" less.
Singles seemed to focus on material possessions as a medicine to improve happiness, which was unsuccessful; they were lonelier, and the pursuit of happiness by means of material possessions contributed to the growth of loneliness over time.
There is a solution, one that study author Rik Pieters hasn't thought of: you could just find a Hugh Dancy-type to sweep you off your feet while you're picking out a green scarf and life will be all set.
[via The Atlantic]
Bidirectional Dynamics of Materialism and Loneliness: Not Just a Vicious Cycle [JCR]
Image via Robert Zuckerman/Touchstone Pictures and Jerry Bruchheimer, Inc.


I have seen often that characters in One Piece have their weird (read: at times irritating) signatures. Is there any specific reason for them?
For example, in the picture below, Vito has rorero as his signature. These suffixes sometimes kill the entire feel of the scene, which is why I was wondering why were they so important to have in the first place.
In One Piece, many characters are known to laugh in unusual ways by either adding to the typical "haha" or using different syllables entirely. These laughter patterns are often unique to individuals and may be based on their personalities or appearances. Some of the especially weird laughs are different in translated versions; for example, Caesar's "shurororo" becomes "shuhohoho" in the English manga. It should be noted that laughing style of "Fufufufu" or "Ufufufufu" is a common Japanese laughing style used for mature women in anime and manga. In addition, the common phrase "Arara" is not a laugh, but rather the Japanese version of "Oh my, oh my, oh my".
Source link below
click here
 - While this link may answer the question, it is better to include the essential parts of the answer here and provide the link for reference. Link-only answers can become invalid if the linked page changes. - From Review – Happy Face Jan 25 '17 at 12:02
 - done _USER_ – rahul Jan 25 '17 at 12:15
One Piece does quite a bit across the long franchise to ensure that every plot character is remembered in a different way. In addition to being drawn differently having different suffixes or having a different laugh serves as a tool to help establish that character as a unique identity.
Caesar, Doflamingo,Gekko Moria and numerous others in the show, the manga and the movies all make use of this.
In addition to suffixes and laughs there is also gestures, like Brook asking to see your panties or chopper hiding the wrong way that are also unique to add differentiation to each character.
In summation, the above are all tropes commonly used in anime to add individuality to each character.
I could ask you a similar question. Why do so many characters in One Piece have weird laughter styles?
Well, that's because it's a characteristic of the series. Characters laugh in specific ways (gabababa, dereshishishi, horohorohoeo etc), as well as have certain catchphrases that they repeat, like the zipper-mouth guy of CP9 - Fukuro, as well as many other characters.
It's just how the universe of One Piece operates. You shouldn't question this if you want to keep your sanity intact.
 - 1
 This is not an answer to this question – Bálint Jan 19 '17 at 7:59
 - Yes it is. You clearly didn't read the answer you (most likely) downvoted. I advise checking the answer again. It explains the quirks of One Piece -- the catchprases that characters have as well as their laughter styles. It all ties in together. – a25bedc5-3d09-41b8-82fb-ea6c353d75ae Jan 19 '17 at 23:28
 - I didn't downvote – Bálint Jan 20 '17 at 6:23
 - You're speaking about laughter, the question asks about suffixes. They aren't the same. – Bálint Jan 20 '17 at 6:24
 - _USER_ but I mentioned both... I compared thee two (the catch-phrases and laughter styles), as these are both characteristics of the show... – a25bedc5-3d09-41b8-82fb-ea6c353d75ae Jan 20 '17 at 17:40
Your Answer


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Telekinesis is something that everybody wants, but most people say it is impossible. Telekinesis is the art of transferring things with no hands. You simply use your mental state to control the anergy enclosing the thing you wish to use. This info is for novices.
Casting Instructions for 'How to Begin Using Teleknesis'
1: Clear your mind. Some people think that you've got to be thinking of nothing, but that is a misconception. Concentrate on concentrating on the small item,(let's say we use a pencil) and imagine that it is alive.
2: Pick up the pen. Examine it and concentrate on it until you feel like it it is a part of you.
3: Make Psi balls. To make a psi ball, all you will need to do is put your hands together. Press them on each other. Now, keep your eyes open! Imagine that energy is flowing from your core to your palms. Now gather that energy into a ball, and gradually seperate your hands until it's like the energy is in between, and you are holding it, or making it hover. Concentrate on taking energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground, anything around you. Focus till you fell like it is real. Psi balls can be used to control objects around you. Consider throwing it at something tall, like a tree or lamp, and see what happens. Usually nothing will happen if you don't practice for a while.
4: Now that you have mastered Psi balls, make one and use it on the pen as a shield. Imagine making a tunnel from your mind and sight straight to the pen. Block out everything. Take energy from sunlight, the wind, the ground ( like psi balls) and move it to the pencil. Make it clear where you want the pen to move. Up, down, left right. Make sure you are concentrating and focusing. Practice amy take some time, even years, but most people have more mental capacity than that. Don't Overwork yourself. Stop if you feel mentally or physically tired.
5: Meditation: Sit or lie down in a comfotable pose. Think about emotions, things that happened, or just drift off and do not think. This will help with your mental wellbeing and contribut to your telekinesis.


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US researchers have reported that the saline content of the ocean surface provides a far more reliable indicator of whether or not heavy summer rains will fall in the US Midwest compared to sea surface temperatures.
Seasonal weather in the Midwest is atmospherically connected to the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with wind patterns delivering heat and moisture to the region at different times in the year. The report states that scientists have long relied on sea-surface temperatures to predict how those wind patterns will behave and what the weather will be thousands of kilometers away from the ocean.
Sea surface temperature however is highly variable, especially as oceans warm, so rainfall predictions based on temperature can be hit-or-miss. Adding data about surface salinity improves predictions for overall seasonal rainfall by telling meteorologists how much water has been supplied to the atmosphere.
When water evaporates from the ocean, it leaves its salt behind, so the surface ocean gets a little bit saltier. That evaporation is driven by large-scale atmospheric patterns that are connected to weather over the continental USA, so saltiness works as an indicator for the amount of moisture carried by the atmosphere and patterns in where it will rain out.
"For these seasonal weather patterns, we look at the oceans because they store far more heat and water than the atmosphere," and therefore drive large-scale atmospheric patterns, explained Raymond Schmitt, oceanographer at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and study co-author.
Remote sensing and floating sensors provide frequently updated salinity data for vast swaths of the oceans, allowing Schmitt and colleagues to draw connections between salinity and weather patterns.
Laifang Li, a climate scientist at Pennsylvania State University and lead author, said, "It turns out for extreme precipitation years, patterns of sea surface temperature are just really diverse, with different patterns every year. Salinity is more reliable."
The new study builds on previous work on salinity-based predictions Schmitt has conducted with Li. Schmitt is already working with agricultural suppliers to use the salinity-based predictions, which he says they have found helpful for advising farmers and an improvement on other predictors.
Sensing summer rains
The study specifically improves predictions of timing and magnitude for summer extreme rainfall events in the Midwest, which are more difficult to accurately predict than overall rainfall for a season. Li used Midwest rainfall data from 1948 to 2019 and compared it to sea surface temperature and salinity records in different parts of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans across the same time period.
The team found that by incorporating springtime sea surface salinity in the tropical Pacific and subtropical North Atlantic into predictive models, their predictions for summertime extreme rain events were 92% more accurate than sea surface temperature-based predictions alone for the Midwest. In practical terms, their models using salinity captured twice as much variability in the amount of extreme rains as models using sea surface temperature.
To view the study Skillful Long-lead Prediction of Summertime Heavy Rainfall in the US Midwest from Sea Surface Salinity published in AGU's Geophysical Research Letters, click here.