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Oracle Database provides scheduling capabilities with an inbuilt Oracle Job Scheduler. Oracle has the DBMS_SCHEDULER (dbms scheduler) package which provides a collection of scheduling functions and procedures that are callable from any PL/SQL program. We can even use SQL Developer IDE to create and schedule jobs.
In this 3 part article, we will see everything about jobs scheduling in Oracle. We will see examples and illustration code to understand things better.
In the first part of the article, we will briefly visit the components used for scheduler jobs and what are the prerequisites that need to be done before any of the component is created.
A job is the combination of a schedule and a program, along with any additional arguments required by the program. A schedule is nothing but the frequency of job execution. A job can perform a task that is defined by one of these –
A program is a collection of metadata about a particular task. The programs are not schedulable on their own. You need to define program using one of –
- PL/SQL block
- Stored Procedure
- Remote Stored Procedure
A chain is a series of programs that are linked together to perform a particular group of activities. To create a chain, you need to follow below steps –
- Create a chain
- Define the steps in the chain
- Add rules
- Enable (If you are using SQL Developer, you can skip this step as you have the option to enable chain at creation time.)
- Create a job that runs this chain as scheduled.
To create a database jobs, program, and chains we need to grant our users some privileges. To do that connect to the database using SQL plus command line and execute below code blocks. You need to connect as SYSDBA
GRANT CREATE ANY JOB TO ;
GRANT EXECUTE ON DBMS_SCHEDULER TO ;
GRANT MANAGE SCHEDULER TO ;
DBMS_RULE_ADM.GRANT_SYSTEM_PRIVILEGE(DBMS_RULE_ADM.CREATE_RULE_OBJ, '');
DBMS_RULE_ADM.GRANT_SYSTEM_PRIVILEGE(DBMS_RULE_ADM.CREATE_RULE_SET_OBJ, '');
DBMS_RULE_ADM.GRANT_SYSTEM_PRIVILEGE(DBMS_RULE_ADM.CREATE_EVALUATION_CONTEXT_OBJ, '');
For illustrations purpose, we have defined 2 tables and 3 procedures. Brief description of them is as
- JOB_PARAMETERS – To store some intermediate parameter and corresponding values
- JOB_LOG – To store logging statements.
- PROCEDURE JOB_PROC_STEP_1 – This procedure will create a random file name and put it in table job_parameters
- PROCEDURE JOB_PROC_STEP_2 – This procedure will create a file using file name generated in the above step.
- PROCEDURE JOB_PROC_STEP_3 – This procedure will update job_parameters table and mark the parameter as archived.
The code for the above illustrations can be downloaded from our GIT Repository
So far we have covered the basics of Oracle job scheduling now let's see it in action. In this part, we will go through an example of creating a job using a stored procedure.
Oracle Job Scheduler – Create a Job with Stored Procedure
As mentioned earlier, we will create a job stored procedure. We are using SQL Developer to create our Job. Depending upon the type of job you choose to create it will prompt you to define the parameters. E.g. if you choose to create PL/SQL block it will give you space to write your code. If you choose the stored procedure, then it will list down all the procedures available for that user and you can select any one of that to be scheduled as a job.
Let's see each of the steps for the same
- In the SQL developer right click on Job and select New Job (Wizard)
- You will see the below screen. Specify the name and description.
- Keep Job class as default.
- Select the "Repeating" from when to execute the job
- Click on the pencil icon, it will open up another window where you can specify when this job will be executed. Set the frequency as desired and click ok.
- You can see above how the interval is set for this job to be executed every 15 minutes.
- Click on Next. Keep default setting for step 2 and 3
- On step 4 change the priority and set it to 1 as shown below. Keep the rest of the settings as default.
- Click on Finish.
The Job is scheduled and it will be executed every 15 mins. For output purposes, I have set the job to run every 2 minutes. Below are the entries form JOB_LOG table.
If you don't want to use SQL developer, you can also use below PL/SQL to create a job and schedule it.
job_name => '"PAVANS"."ORACLE_JOB_PROC"',
job_type => 'STORED_PROCEDURE',
job_action => 'PAVANS.PKG_TEST_SCHEDULER.JOB_PROC_STEP_1',
number_of_arguments => 0,
start_date => NULL,
repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MINUTELY;INTERVAL=15',
end_date => NULL,
enabled => FALSE,
auto_drop => FALSE,
comments => 'Oracle Job');
name => '"PAVANS"."ORACLE_JOB_PROC"',
attribute => 'job_priority', value => '1');
name => '"PAVANS"."ORACLE_JOB_PROC"',
attribute => 'logging_level', value => DBMS_SCHEDULER.LOGGING_OFF);
name => '"PAVANS"."ORACLE_JOB_PROC"');
That's it for this article. We will see how we can create programs and chains in our upcoming posts. Stay tuned.
- Oracle Job Scheduler Guide With Examples – Part I
- Oracle Job Scheduler Guide With Examples – Part II
- Oracle Job Scheduler Guide With Examples – Part III
You can refer the Oracle package and table script from out Git Repository.
Download from Git
You may also be interested in our basic SQL Tutorials from scratch :
SQL For QA : Tutorial#1 – Select Query


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Animal Species:Red Little Gurnard Perch, Maxillicosta raoulensis (Eschmeyer and Poss, 1976)
As its common name suggests, the Red Little Gurnard Perch is a small species of scorpionfish that unlike other species of Maxillicosta, has a red body.
Fresh Red Little Gurnard Perch specimens have reddish bodies with yellowish pectoral and pelvic fins. Other members of the genus Maxillicosta, have whitish bodies with brownish or blackish blotches and whitish pectoral and pelvic fins.
M. raoulensis can also be distinguished from other Australian species of Maxillicosta by having 25-27pectoral fin rays (versus 20-23) and 14-17 gill rakers (versus 10-13).
The species grows to approximately 13 cm.
The Red Little Gurnard Perch is common in New Zealand, especially the Kermadec Islands. Four specimens were recently recorded from Australian waters (off New South Wales and the Lord Howe Rise). The Red Little Gurnard Perch is probably widely distributed on the oceanic ridges of the south-western Pacific Ocean.
The map below shows the Australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in Australian Museums. Source: Atlas of Living Australia.
Distribution by collection data
- Eschmeyer, W.N. and S.G. Poss. 1976. Review of the scorpionfish genus Maxillicosta (Pisces: Scorpaenidae), with a description of three new species from the Australian-New Zealand region. Bulletin of Marine Science. 26(4): 433-449.
- Motomura, H., Last, P.R. & W.T. White. 2005. First records of a scorpionfish, Maxillicosta raoulensis (Scorpaeniformes: Neosebastidae), from the Tasman Sea, with fresh colour notes for the species. Biogeography, 7: 85-90.
Mark McGrouther, Collection Manager, Ichthyology

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Research suggests many individuals 'unaware of IHT rules' when gifting money
Research carried out by the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) and the National Centre for Social Research (NCSR) has suggested that only 45% of individuals seeking to gift money are aware of inheritance tax (IHT) rules and exemptions.
According to the IFS, the research aimed to 'analyse individuals' awareness of IHT rules and exemptions'. It also 'explored the prevalence of gifting in the general population and how it varied between different groups', and considered the 'nature of gifting'.
The research found that just 25% of so-called 'gifters' have a 'working knowledge' of IHT rules in relation to gifting. However, many individuals have sought additional information on the rules.
12% stated that they wouldn't have given a gift had IHT rules or exemptions not been in place. The research suggested that, of those who reported that they were influenced by IHT rules, only 38% said that passing on assets was a purpose of the gift.
Older people are'more likely' to be gifters than young people, according to the data. 24% of individuals aged 70 and over have gifted in the past two years, compared to just 3% of those aged between 18 and 29.
Integrated with Accomplish CMS


text:
DC Power Supply Basics Tutorial
- summary or tutorial about the basics of DC power supplies, PSU, detailing linear and switching types and their advantages and disadvantages.
Power supply technology tutorial includes:
Power supplies or power supply units, PSU, form an essential part of very many items of electronics equipment.
The most common form takes in AC power from the mains supply and delivers a DC voltage to the item requiring power.
Accordingly power supplies are widely used in a variety of forms - some large supplying high levels of current, other power supplies, much smaller providing lower levels of power.
Power supply basics
The aim of a DC power supply is to provide the required level of DC power to the load using an AC supply at the input. Different applications require different attributes, but more often than not these days DC power supplies provide an accurate output voltage - this is regulated using electronic circuitry so that it provides a constant output voltage over a wide range of output loads.
In most power supplies there are number of different elements. These may not all be present in every design.
- Input transformer: The input transformer is used to transform the incoming line voltage down to the required level for the power supply. Typically the input transformer provides a step down function. It also isolates the output circuit from the line supply.
- Rectifier: The power supply rectifier converts the incoming signal from an AC format into raw DC. Either half wave or more commonly full wave rectifiers may be used as they make use of both halves of the incoming AC signal.
- Smoothing: The raw DC from the rectifier is far from constant falling to zero when the AC waveform crossed the zero axis, and then rising to its peak. The addition of a reservoir capacitor here fills in the troughs in the waveform, enabling the next stage of the power supply to operate. Large value capacitors are normally used within this stage.
- Regulator: This stage of the power supply takes the smoothed voltage and uses a regulator circuit to provide a constant output virtually regardless of the output current and any minor fluctuations in the input level.
Power supply regulation
There are two basic forms of power supply used in electronics equipment:
- Unregulated: This form of power supply was the only type used many years ago. It simply consisted of a rectifier section and this was followed by capacitor or capacitor and inductor smoothing. There was no regulation to steady the voltage. If a large current was drawn the voltage would fall as a result of the resistive losses, and also the smoothing would not be as effective and the level of hum would rise.
- Voltage regulated: As transistor circuitry became more commonplace, regulated power supplies became more common. Today they are almost universally used. They typically incorporate a voltage reference, and the output voltage is compared to this and altered accordingly by control circuitry within the regulated power supply.
In addition to this, regulated power supplies may be further subdivided:
- Linear regulated power supply: Linear regulated power supplies use an analogue approach. A series element - a semiconductor transistor or FET - is controlled allow the correct voltage at the output for any current within the operating range.
Note on Linear Power Supplies:
Linear power supplies are widely used for applications where low noise and ripple are required. As the name suggests, they use linear technology - typically a series linear regulator element to drop voltage. As such they dissipate power, but without any switching mode, they are able to offer high levels of eprformance
Click on the link for a Linear power supply tutorial
- Switching regulator power supply: The switching regulator format for a power supply uses a large output reservoir capacitor. A series element - a transistor or FET - is switched on and off to keep the voltage on the capacitor within the required limits.
Note on Switch Mode Power Supplies:
Switch mode power supplies and switch mode regulators have many advantages in terms of efficiency, size and weight. Their design can be more involved than might be thought at first. Yet with a good understanding, these switch mode power supplies, SMPSs, switch mode regulators and switch mode controllers can be successfully designed and built..
Click on the link for a Switch Mode Power Supply tutorial
Each type of power supply regulation technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. As a result different types of regulator are used in different applications, although with technology improving, switching regulators are being used increasingly.
As a result of the different properties of each type of power supply regulator, linear regulators tend to be used in applications where very low levels of noise and ripple are required and heat dissipation may not be such a problem. Hi-fi amplifiers are one such area. Switching mode regulators are used more widely as they can be made very compact, they are very efficient and the levels of ripple, spikes and noise can normally be low enough for most applications.
.... | Next >>
Other popular power management tutorials.....
|• Battery technology||• Battery management||• Energy harvest||• Wireless charging|
|• PSU basics||• Linear PSU||• Switch mode PSU||• PSU specs|
|• Fuel cells|


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An advanced analytics optimization application for reviewing grant applications developed for funding competitions conducted by a leading Health Research institute
Client: The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) is Canada's premier federal agency for health research. CIHR operates with a mission to create scientific awareness, knowledge translation and effective health care products and services for the Canadian healthcare system.
Challenge: CIHR conducts research funding competitions multiple times a year. During the competition, the management of research papers, its assignment to the right reviewers and paper re-assessment was being carried out manually. CIHR needed consultancy services to automate these processes for assistance in getting optimized results with no room for errors. A tool was required to design and build a flexible advanced analytics model for grant application reviewer assignments. SSI performed a detailed analysis of the challenge and proposed a dual-phase mathematical model as a solution for the funding competition delivery process.
Solution: SSI developed an application for the optimization of CIHR's grant application reviewer assignment. The model consisted of two phases:
- The first phase involved the assignment of applications to the right reviewers based on their competency and ability to state conflicts and reviews.
- The second phase involved the re-assignment of these applications to the right individuals for peer-reviews after the reviews (and comments) from the first-phase responses were received.
The following rules were applied to the model to resolve constraints identified before the automation of the whole process.
- English applications have to be reviewed by English reviewers and French applications have to be assigned to reviewers with the ability to review in French.
- Reviewers are excluded based on the defined criteria (for example, reviewers cannot be assigned to their own application)
- Assignments are not granted where the minimum suitability threshold is not met.
- The number of reviewers assigned to each application has to be greater than, equal to, or lesser than the associated minimum or maximum input respectively.
- The number of applications assigned to each reviewer has to be greater than, equal to or lesser than the associated minimum or maximum inputs respectively.
Implementation of these rules did not only resolve the constraints but also helped in managing the whole assignment process more efficiently and effectively.
Result: With the introduction of an application with a scoring model that took into account, multiple limitations and variables allowed CIHR to make its research funding process efficient, accurate and transparent. It allowed the CIHR team to reduce the number of man-hours needed to manage each funding project.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
| Quote #1
The trees are in their autumn beauty,
The language of the first four lines anticipates or foreshadows the sad tone that becomes more prominent as the poem proceeds. "October," "twilight," and "autumn" all describe literal things (a month, a season, a time of day) that are associated with darkness and gloom. As the poem proceeds, the speaker describes a more emotional kind of gloom.
| Quote #2
I have looked upon those brilliant creatures,
The speaker offers an interesting scenario here: after he looks on something "brilliant," he feels sad. It is probably because he realizes that he's changed, and so has the world, while these magnificent animals have not. The swans are still "brilliant," but life isn't so brilliant (people kill each other, people die, bad things happen).
| Quote #3
All's changed since I, hearing at twilight,
We get the sense that things are changed, and not for the better. It is interesting that the speaker separates the word "I" from "trod with a lighter tread." It is as if the speaker wants to avoid talking about how things used to be different (it makes him sad).


NH hospital calls 8 over brain disease chances
Eight patients who may have been exposed to a fatal brain disease at a New Hampshire hospital have been contacted by the hospital's president, who said Thursday the patients aren't panicking.
Dr. Joseph Pepe called the Catholic Medical Center patients a day after health officials announced that they may have been exposed to Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - a brain disease characterized by rapidly progressive dementia which can cause death within months after symptoms first appearing. It has no treatment or cure.
Officials believe the extremely rare disease caused the August death of a patient who had brain surgery at the hospital in May, although the cause of death won't be certain until more tests are completed. If that patient had Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, there's a remote chance it was transmitted to other brain surgery patients because the abnormal proteins that cause the disease can survive standard sterilization practices.
In addition to the eight Catholic Medical Center patients, health officials in Massachusetts said five patients there may have also been exposed because a specialized instrument used on the New Hampshire patient had been rented and reused at Cape Cod Hospital.
The Massachusetts patients have also been notified but are believed to be at low risk because they had spinal procedures, not brain surgery, the state health department said.
About 200 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are recorded annually in the United States, according to the National Institutes of Health, with the vast majority occurring spontaneously. In fewer than 1 percent of cases, the disease is transmitted by exposure to brain or nervous system tissue, and there have been only four reported cases of transmission via surgical instruments. None of those were in the United States, and the most recent case was in 1976, Pepe said.
Some hospitals might opt not to tell patients because of the low risk involved and the anxiety it could create for them, Pepe said, but it was important to keep them informed.
"We felt the risk of that anxiety did not outweigh the ethical principle of letting them know and also preventing them from possibly contaminating or exposing others should they have another brain operation," Pepe said.
The only definitive way to diagnose the disease is through a brain biopsy or autopsy. There are no screening tests, and tests that would point toward a diagnosis of the disease are only effective once symptoms such as memory loss and impaired coordination appear, Pepe said.
But he said the patients he spoke to are responding to their predicament calmly. One expressed more concern the hospital or its surgeons would be harmed by the publicity over the incident, Pepe said.
"They are all fine at this point, but I let them know that they can not only call my chief medical officer and the patient advocate... but also myself, and we will stay with them as long as they need us," he said, adding that he apologized for causing them any anxiety.
The hospital will arrange counseling sessions if any of the patients request them, he said.
"Some may get angry later on, they may have anxiety, and then there are others who do not think anything of it," he said. "One person said, 'You know, I have really many other things more concerning than this.'"


Changing Contexts – Changing Meaning: A Sketch of Semantic Seismography
Why does for some words the context of usage change? Often we can identify phases of intensive context changes in which clues to possible causes can be found. Examples of such phases are:
 - controversial discussions in which the proponents or opponents of a position use central words in completely different contexts;
 - punctual events such as natural disasters, historical events or technological changes, in which not only new words are introduced but at the same time old words are used in new contexts;
 - cyclical events such as „Olympia", in which the location of the event and the names of the actors acting or affected change in a time cycle determined by the event.
For the recognition of context changes, the lecture introduces the measure of context volatility. This makes it possible to quantify the rates of context change of words in a diachronic corpus over a given period of time and to identify exploratively those words whose context of use has changed conspicuously over this period. Normalising the rate of change, words of different frequency classes can also be compared with each other. Compared to the pure frequency analysis, low-frequency words can thus also be included in the analysis, for example, for the detection of weak signals, which are often indicated by early changes in the context of usage of low-frequency words. In addition to the highly volatile words, words whose contexts of usage change little over a longer period of time can also be identified, for example, because they are part of a formulaic language in a technical or legal context, or because they represent a political or social consensus in the period under consideration.


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Discovered: Male fish who engage in same-sex flirting lure in female fish; cheese dates back 7.5 millennia; Americans love public transportation once they give it a chance; depressed mice cheer up after brain stimulation.
Gay fish attract more female mates. Nature has its own version of a pop culture archetype—the highly attractive man who, unfortunately, remains unavailable to the women swooning over him. A team of researchers led by University of Frankfurt's David Bierbach has found a species of tropical fish in which males who flirt with other males are perceived as more attractive by potential female mates. They observed Poecilia mexicana, or Atlantic mollies, engaged in "mate copying," meaning that females will try to mate with a male fish they've seen interacting sexually with members of their own sex. "Males can increase their attractiveness towards females by homosexual interactions, which in turn increase the likelihood of a male's future heterosexual interactions," says Bierbach. "We do not know how widespread female mate choice copying is, but up to now it is reported in many species, including fruit flies, fishes, birds and mammals [including] humans." [BBC News]
Cheese is really old... ahem... well aged. Ancient pottery recovered on a dig in Poland reveals that cheese making could date back as far as 5,500 B.C. University of Bristol researchers led by Richard Evershed discovered fatty milk residue on the shards of sieves. That ruled out previous theories that they were used to make honey or beer. "It's almost inconceivable that the milk fat residues in the sieves were from anything else but cheese," comments University of Vermont nutrition professor Paul Kindstedt. We're glad Neolithic people discovered cheese, because their cuisine sounds really boring without it, consisting mostly of porridge. "They probably would not be the first choice for a lot of people today," Kindstedt says of the cheeses these sieves could have produced. "But I would still love to try it." [AP]
If you can convince Americans to take public transportation, they'll love it. It's hard to convince drivers to try public transportation, so Maya Abou-Zeid of the American University of Beirut and Moshe Ben-Akiva of M.I.T. cut a deal with their experimental subjects: they covered their fare for a brief trial period. They found that 30 percent of Boston car commuters were convinced to switch to public transportation, and 25 percent actually stuck with it for six months. So what was preventing them from switching before? Mostly our societal opinions on public transportation, the researchers found. "Because of a generally weaker public transportation culture in Boston than in Switzerland, M.I.T. participants who switched might not have seriously considered using public transportation until they experimented with it during the trial," they write. [Atlantic Cities]
Brain stimulation cheers up depressed mice. Stanford University neuroscientist Karl Deisseroth has been able to quell depression in mice by stimulating and silencing certain parts of the rodents' brains with lasers. Using optogenetics, the researchers behind two new papers could control nerve cells by adjusting fiber-optic light beams. By better understanding the neural pathways that regulate depression in mice, Deisseroth hopes to develop treatments for humans suffering from depression. "In this way, bit by bit, we can piece together the circuitry," he says. "It's a long process that's just starting, but we have a foothold now." [Science News]


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The Village of Waterloo, on the Elkhorn and Platte Rivers, was founded by two men: John Logan, who came in 1863 right after his discharge from the Second Nebraska Volunteer Cavalry, and Elias Kelsey, who arrived in 1867. Logan established a post office in 1864, and a school in 1865. Designated a station on the Union Pacific Railroad in 1870, the town's future was assured. Named "Waterloo" [presumably for a battlefield in Belgium], an attempt to incorporate in 1871 failed, as did a second attempt. The third petition in 1883 was successful, by which time an addition had already been made.
History notes "a spectacular train wreck" near Waterloo in 1873, when a $30,000 cargo of fish bound for California fell into the Elkhorn River just east of the town.
For many years Waterloo was the world's largest producer of vine and seed corn. Coy & Sons, started in 1879, became Cornhusker Seed in the 1950s. Other companies were: Emerson Seed, Omaha Elevator, Hively Seed, Hopper Grain, Waldron Seed, Western Seed & Irrigation, Waterloo Elevator and Stimmel Seed. The J.C.Robinson Seed Company was established in 1888 and is still owned and managed by the family. It became the biggest, most prominent, and is the only one at this location today. The largest single vine seed sale occurred in the 1920s when eight railcar-loads of cucumber seeds were shipped.
Some well-known citizens include:
-- William Denton, territorial representative in 1866-67, who later opened one of the first stores in town.
-- Isaac Noyes, state senator from _PHONE_.
-- James Riggs, state senator in 1903.
-- Mabel Wilson (known throughout the state for her knowledge of Nebraska Indians and wild flowers) and her husband, Otto, who were awarded second place in the National Yard and Garden Contest in 1931.
-- Aunt Eckie Teal, a great Christian woman who had no children of her own, raised 15 orphans.
-- An inventor, P.H.Dubois, who patented a horse collar fastener in 1899.
-- John Douglas Pederson, with patents in 1905-06 dealt mostly with slide or pump action and repeating shotguns manufactured by Remington Armory.
-- Hiland Noyes and Richard Fies who invented a bank coin counter.
-- Eugene Jacobson who designed and patented the marsh buggy and muskeg tractor. He also spearheaded research and development of the technology for measuring gasoline and other liquid hydrocarbons for Gulf Oil.
-- Dan Shepherd who invented and patented a telescopic gun sight in 1981, sold as the Shepherd Scope.
Several shootings in the 1880s, and a promotional fight between a bulldog and bobcat in 1889, brought notoriety to the town. As a recreation area, Waterloo had a small excursion boat called "The Swastika," owned by H.A.Simmons. A humorous note in our history is a 1910 ordinance prohibiting barbers from eating onions.
In 1903 the Waterloo Women's Club started our library. Carrie Nation, the Kansas saloon smasher, visited Waterloo in 1908. In 1920 it was reported that 26 women voted.
Governor Franklin D.Roosevelt visited the Sumnick family farm south of Waterloo in 1932. They visited him in Washington when he became president.
A viaduct built over the Union Pacific mainline near Waterloo in 1936 was often called "Cochran Alps," because of the efforts by Governor Robert L.Cochran to have it constructed. It was replaced by a new one in 1986.
Because of its location on two very unpredictable rivers, Waterloo has been ravaged by many floods. A bond issue in 1965 resulted in a levee to help protect the town. Waterloo has a fine fire and rescue department. Chief John Love, after 36 years of service, retired in 1987.
The current population of Waterloo is about 450. While we have lost some businesses, we boast of having more celebrities visit our town than any other community this size in Nebraska. We are justly proud of our fine eating establishments. Stop by and check them out.
By Ralph C.Wilson, 501 Jefferson Street, Waterloo, NE 68069.


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Relying on PEL's can cause serious injuries or death to workers. Permissible exposure limits (i.e. PELs) refers to the amount of exposure workers can endure before they suffer adverse health consequences. There are PELs for a variety of compound, chemicals, substances, and radiations. According to the government, workers can be exposed to acceptable amounts of these substances and they won't suffer adverse health consequences. However, this position is controversial within many industries.
Background on PELs
PELs were first established in 1971 by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ("OSHA"), the year of OSHA's founding. The original PELs were criticized because they were based on old research from the 1950s and 60s. Despite the criticism, these PELs remained in force until OSHA tried to revise 376 of them in 1989. However, the revisions were soon challenged in the Eleventh Circuit by several corporations who successfully overturned the updates. The Court forced OSHA to revert back to the 1971 standards which is where they remain today.
The Issue with the 1971 PEL Standards
The PELs that are in force today were first established in 1971 without revision. The PELs that supposedly protect workers haven't been updated in 48 years. Every year, new research comes out indicating that early exposure limits do not protect workers enough. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ("NIOSH") – a sister-agency of OSHA – issued non-binding recommendations on 667 hazardous substances for the industry. Moreover, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has produced hundreds of additional recommendations that provide much more protection than the PELs.
The Result of Outdated PELs
The result of these insufficient standards is that thousands of workers are exposed to unsafe levels of dangerous substances. According to the Mark Stenzel, a safety expert, employers tend to rely too heavily on PELs without appreciating that these are outdated standards and they are exposing their workers to dangerous levels.
Moreover, OSHA remains bound by the PEL standards, therefore, it often finds "no violations" when it inspects employers who comply with PELs but continue to expose their workers to dangerous substances. According to the Laborer's Health and Safety Fund of North America ("LSHFNA"), OSHA only sets minimum levels of safety and protection – not ideal levels. LSHFNA recommends employers adopt more stringent standards promulgated by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and NIOSH.


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Can someone explain the role of Madame Volmonde in Desiree's Baby by Kate Chopin please
1 Answer | Add Yours
Although seemingly unimportant, due to the scarce number of times that she appears in the story, Madame Volmonde is actually the key that hides a significant amount of foreshadowing in the story.
The wife of a well-established man, Madame Volmonde and her husband adopt foundling Desiree as their own child. The story begins with Mdme. Volmonde going to see Desiree's first child; a baby whom Mdme. Volmonde had not seen in four weeks after his birth.
In a clever play on words, Chopin clearly shows the reader that Madame Volmonde is the first person to realize that Desiree's child is different. However, Chopin downplays Volmonde's words with Desiree's own views and opinions about the changes in her baby's growth.
Upon doing a closer reading, or a second reading, of the story we realize that Madame Volmonde was not speaking about the baby's growth when she first expresses the words:
That is not the baby!
We know this because of a poignant, yet, seemingly unimportant action that may even be overlooked by the reader at first:
Madame Valmonde had never removed her eyes from the child. She lifted it and walked with it over to the window that was lightest. She scanned the baby narrowly, then looked as searchingly at Zandrine, whose face was turned to gaze across the fields.
It is clear, as it is later shown, that Madame Volmonde is the first to observe that this child is actually a black child. Why else would she need to move to the lightest part of the window to take a closer look? Moreover, why the need to scan the baby so closely, and then look straight at Zandrine, who is also black and the babys nursemaid! Then, notice Zandrine's own expression: is she gazing across the fields because she also noticed something of which she much rather not speak?
As already said, each comment that Mme. Volmonde makes is deflected by Desiree's happy mood. As a result, Madame Volmonde may have assumed that the baby's father may have also noticed the obvious. This is the reason why she asks:
"What does Armand say?"
to which Desiree responds with positive and happy news.
As the story develops, it takes three more months for Armand to begin to detach from his child and wife. It is then when Desiree finally seems to awake form a daze and realizes that the child is, indeed, different. When Armand blames Desiree of being black (after all, she is adopted and nobody knows her ancestry), Desiree goes into a trauma that ends with her drowning herself and her child in the bayou. However, through a clever switch of situations, Chopin uses Madame Volmonde again merely to call her daughter back to their home, in order to comfort her daughter.
When a seemingly casual letter reveals that it is Armand who has the black ancestry, and not Desiree, is when the otherwise-casual actions of Mdme. Volmonde that day that she said "That is not the baby!" take a completely different meaning.
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Rotem Reshef
Time Traveler : Part ll - Compass
Solo Exhibition
Curator: Sagi Refael
Kwan Fong Art Gallery
California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, California
February - April 2018
"A site-specific installation of interwoven scrolls by artist Rotem Reshef, Time Traveler highlights our interaction with, and interpretation of, the four seasons. Human lives are connected to the seasons in ritual, culture and tradition. Seasonal transitions mark the passage of time, whether on an agricultural or a religious calendar. In Time Traveler, Reshef manifests a perception of time that is not segmented, as four distinctive seasons that are coming one after the other, but rather as a collision of temperatures and atmospheres that melt and clash into each other. These manifestations are reminiscent dramatic climate changes we face, as communities experience extreme cold or hurricanes, mirrored by fires and heat waves.
Enormous scrolls are imprinted with features of each season: leaves for fall; ribbons for spring; raffia, straw-like, for summer; and bubble wrap and cellophane for winter. Reshef's use of imprinting wrapping materials in these scrolls suggests an element of safety, on one hand, or over-protection on the other. The glowing yellow scrolls bring a sense of warmth and radiating energy, that is often associated in religious art with halos and divinity. Their brightness overcomes darkness, and allows life, progression and strength. The blue scrolls create a cool atmosphere, but also reflect a tension between the sky and the sea, two shapeless entities that are visually and conceptually separate yet seemingly united in the horizon. The pink-purple scrolls suggest blossom and liveliness, perhaps the result of a fruitful collaboration between the light, the sky and the watery depths of the ocean, from which surfaced and rose the continents.
The cross-shaped installation alludes to a spiritual compass–a lighthouse in a time of turmoil–that is marking a safe place to lead its viewer toward. Just as the seasons collide on this compass, so too do East and West (and North and South), as migration of peoples flee disasters and cross paths. Cultures and religions can come together but could also polarize and incite. Borders can open and dissipate but could also be built out of xenophobia and fear. A haven could easily become a jail, even a grave.
In a polemic era, the monumentality of this piece offers a sanctuary of silent observation and infinite interpretations. Time Traveler: Compass invites the audience to explore and contemplate the potential of art to be an inspiring vessel that is relevant to our everyday lives, as a commentary and as a vehicle to promote personal and cultural growth."
Written by Sagi Refael & Rachel Schmid for the exhibition brochure, 2018


text:
[Dogbert] took a look at the security that goes into BIOS passwords on many laptops. He starts off with a little background about how the systems work. People are bound to forget their passwords, so when you enter a wrong one three times in a row you get a message similar to the one above that locks you out until all power is removed from the system (then you get three more tries). But check out that five-digit number in the picture. That's a checksum of the password. Some BIOS versions display it automatically, some require you to hold down a certain key during POST, but it's the pivotal data needed to crack the password.
[Dogbert's] post doesn't go into verbose detail about the algorithms he uses to brute force the passwords. But he has posted the Python scripts he uses to do so. Learning how to generate the passwords based on the checksum is as simple as studying the code, which is often the best way to learn.


text:
What is Lyngbya and where does it grow?
Lyngbya majuscula is a species of cyanobacteria (= blue-green algae) that naturally occur in Moreton Bay. Commonly found attached to seagrass beds, it grows in fine cotton wool-like strands 10 to 30cm in length.
Causes of Lyngbya blooms
A number of environmental factors lead to rapid growth or blooms of Lyngbya. Increased Lyngbya growth requires water temperatures over 24°C and favourable light conditions.
Lyngbya growth also requires elevated levels of phosphorus, nitrogen, bio-available iron and dissolved organic matter in the water column.
Consequently, Lyngbya blooms only occur during the summer months under optimal growing conditions. The wool-like strands often clump together and rise to the surface forming large floating mats.
Coordinated approach to reduce Lyngbya blooms
Moreton Bay Regional Council is one of several local governments in South East Queensland which, along with State Government agencies, provide funding for research into the ongoing occurrence of Lyngbya and into a better understanding of the effects of landuse on Lyngbya blooms.
This information will assist Council in mitigating the occurrence of Lyngbya blooms through appropriate planning and management practices.
Council's Lyngbya Management Strategy [PDF 310KB] is part of a coordinated approach to improve management and mitigate the occurrence of Lyngbya blooms through a partnership involving Council, the State Government, researchers and local interest and environmental groups.
Actions in the Strategy include:
- Improving land use management practices to reduce the input of materials and substances that may trigger a bloom
- Supporting regional and State-wide scientific research
- Providing information about Lyngbya to residents and visitors
- A contingency plan to respond to Lyngbya material washed up on beaches
Council's response to Lyngbya deposition on beaches
Council's Lyngbya Bloom Response Plan [PDF 1.1MB] provides a framework for effective and efficient responses to Lyngbya blooms.
It assists Council to fulfill its regional and State obligations for mitigating the impacts of Lyngbya blooms.
It outlines the responsibilities and delegates specific actions to particular Council Units in case a Lyngbya bloom affects beaches or other areas under Council's control.
Specific actions include activating and erecting warning signs, clean up procedures and circulation of appropriate media releases.
Avoid contact with Lyngbya
Lyngbya material originating from floating mats sometimes washes up on beaches in large quantities. When people come into direct contact with Lyngbya, either in the water or on land, the toxins present in the cyanobacteria can cause skin or eye irritation.
Therefore it is recommended to avoid all contact with algal material on the beach or in the water where Lyngbya is suspected to be present.
Sightings of Lyngbya material on beaches can be reported to Council, see contact Council.
A detached piece of Lyngbya.
Lyngbya washed up on the beach.
Floating Lyngbya mat.


RIO DE JANEIRO - Some have claimed she's indulging a forbidden romance. More likely, loneliness compels her to seek company at Rio de Janeiro's zoo.
Either way, a blue-and-yellow macaw that zookeepers named Juliet is believed to be the only wild bird of its kind left in the Brazilian city where the birds once flew far and wide.
Almost every morning for the last two decades, Juliet has appeared. She swoops onto the zoo enclosure where macaws are kept and, through its fence, engages in grooming behaviour that looks like conjugal canoodling. Sometimes she just sits, relishing the presence of others. She is quieter - shier? more coy? - than her squawking chums.
Blue-and-yellow macaws live to be about 35 years old and Juliet - no spring chicken - should have found a lifelong mate years ago, according to Neiva Guedes, president of the Hyacinth Macaw Institute, an environmental group. But Juliet hasn't coupled, built a nest or had chicks, so at most she's "still just dating."
"They're social birds, and that means they don't like to live alone, whether in nature or captivity. They need company," said Guedes, who also co-ordinates a project that researches macaws in urban settings. Juliet "very probably feels lonely, and for that reason goes to the enclosure to communicate and interact."
Aside from Juliet, the last sighting of a blue-and-yellow macaw flying free in Rio was in 1818 by an Austrian naturalist, according to Marcelo Rheingantz, a biologist at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and there are no other types of macaws in the city. The lovebirds featured in the 2011 film "Rio? are Spix's macaws, which are native to a different region of Brazil and possibly extinct in the wild.
Being boisterous with brilliant plumage helps macaws find each other in dense forest, but also makes them easier targets for hunters and animal traffickers. They're often seen in other Brazilian states and across the Amazon, and it is suspected Juliet escaped from captivity.
Biologists at BioParque aren't sure if Juliet's nuzzling is limited to one caged Romeo, or a few of them. They're not even certain Juliet is female; macaw gender is near impossible to determine by sight, and requires either genetic testing of feathers or blood, or examination of the gonads.
Either would be interference merely to satisfy human curiosity with no scientific end, biologist Angelita Capobianco said inside the enclosure. Nor would they consider confining Juliet, who often soars overhead and appears well-nourished.
"We don't want to project human feelings. I look at the animal, and see an animal at ease," Capobianco said, noting Juliet has never exhibited behaviour to indicate disturbance, such as insistently pecking at the fence.
"Who am I to decide it should only stay here? I won't. It comes and goes, and its feathers are beautiful."
After more than a year of COVID-19 quarantine and travel bans, the appeal of roaming without restriction is evident to humankind. Macaws are used to flying great distances of more than 30 kilometres (20 miles) a day, Guedes said.
Last year, BioParque g ave its macaws more space: a 1,000-square-meter (10,700-square-foot) aviary where they fly beside green parrots and golden parakeets to compose an aerial, technicolour swirl. It's a massive upgrade from prior enclosures that were roughly 100 square feet. BioParque reopened to the public in March, after privatization of Rio's dilapidated zoo and almost 17 months of renovations.
BioParque aims to feature species associated with research programs at universities and institutes. One such initiative is Refauna, which reintroduces species into protected areas with an eye on rebuilding ecosystems, and is participating with BioParque to start breeding blue-and-yellow macaws.
The plan is for parents to raise some 20 chicks that will receive training on forest food sources, the peril of predators and avoidance of power lines. Then the youngsters will be released into Rio's immense Tijuca Forest National Park, where Juliet has been sighted and is thought to sleep each night.
"Their role could be important in terms of ecosystem and reforestation. It's a big animal with big beak that can crack the biggest seeds, and not all birds can," said Rheingantz, the university biologist, who is also Refauna's technical co-ordinator. "The idea is for it to start dispersing those seeds, complementing forest animals that can't."
After some pandemic-induced delays, the project has slowly restarted and Rheingantz expects to release blue-and-yellow macaws into Tijuca park toward the end of 2022.
After two decades of relative solitude, Juliet will then have the chance to fly with friends. Neves said Juliet could teach them how to navigate the forest, or even find a love of her own.


passing out of cards. ;) Actually, that would probably get a LOT more interest than just passing out the cards in the usual manner and then beginning the exercise. $\endgroup$ – Wildcard Jan 10 '18 at 5:37
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ When you noted base case I was expecting to see a follow-up with induction which didn't occur. So now I have to ask, when you say base case are alluding to induction or it is just a coincidence of words? $\endgroup$ – Guy Coder Jan 10 '18 at 13:40
 - 2
 $\begingroup$ Recursion and induction are related, of course. So the use of base case seems pretty natural to me. You need a base case to avoid infinite recursion, just as you need a base case to avoid infinitely recursive definitions when using induction. $\endgroup$ – Buffy Jan 10 '18 at 13:52
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ I don't agree that studying the base case, winding phase and unwinding phase is motivating at all! It feels like overly-abstract gibberish. The point is not to study how recursion works abstractly, the point is to demonstrate how it's useful. Passing cards around also feels too artificial to be a meaningful demonstration. $\endgroup$ – user253751 Jan 10 '18 at 23:57
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ I think you missed the point. The phases and the base case are essential to know and understand. You need a set of tailored exercises that solidify the knowledge of all those parts to be sure the student gets it. The instructor also needs to be explicit about how each exercise uses the parts. With an incomplete understanding it is harder to be an effective program designer. This is especially true in languages that do effective tail recursion elimination. $\endgroup$ – Buffy Jan 11 '18 at 0:10
Operating on the key word, motivate, I do believe that Andrew T. had the best choice with Tower of Hanoi. Yes, it's an old one, and it does not lead to anything useful once it's done, (the code is not reusable for some other "real world" problem.) Yet it remains a classic for some reason. I'm going to speculate that the reason is that when presented properly it motivates the students to think about using recursion for other purposes. As to what the motivation is - simple: less work! AKA - unmitigated self-interest. Who doesn't like the idea of getting something done fast and easy, preferring instead to do it the long and hard way while getting the exact same results? That suggests that the motivation comes from the presentation, not from the example used.
With the Tower of Hanoi example, adding in the "legend" of the back story can help with interest, but it can also be a waste of classroom time. Using the legend, or not, is a judgment call for your class and your style. (I have encountered at least three versions of the legend, and I am partial to the version that mentions the walls of the temple crumbling into dust and the world vanishing.)
The key to the presentation is to begin with solving it using an iterative approach. Preferably even before you raise the idea of recursion, leaving the alternative as a way out of the maze later. In a comment, Eric Lippert states that it is easier to solve with an iterative algorithm using these steps and rules: "number the disks in order of size; never move a larger disk onto a smaller disk, never move an odd disk onto an odd disk or an even disk onto an even disk, and never move the same disk twice in a row." That sounds good, and you can present it, just as given, in the classroom. Before trying to code it, however, give it a try physically. Using that rule-set with 5 disks I get the following:
 - Only disk available is 1, move 1 from A to B.
 - Disks 1 and 2 are available, just moved 1 so only 2 is left. It cannot go on top of 1 (reverse sizes) so move 2 from A to C.
 - Disks 1, 2, and 3 are now available. 2 just moved, and 3 cannot go on top of 1 (reverse sizes) or 2 (reverse sizes), so 1 must move. 1 cannot go on 3 (odd on odd), so move 1 from B to C.
 - Disks 1 and 3 are available. Disk 1 just moved so we must move 3. It cannot go on 1 (reverse sizes) so move 3 from A to B.
 - Disks 1, 3 and 4 are available. Disk 3 just moved, so only 1 and 4 can move. 4 cannot go anywhere (reverse sizes) so 1 moves. 1 cannot go on 3 (odd on odd), so move 1 from C to A.
 - Disks 1, 2, and 3 are available. 1 just moved, 3 cannot go anywhere (reverse sizes) so 2 moves. 2 cannot go on 1 (reverse sizes), so move 2 from C to B.
 - Disks 1 and 2 are available. 2 just moved, so 1 is next. 1 Can go on top of 2, OR to the empty post.
The given rules offer no guidance for the next move, and computers must have rules to follow.
There is another iterative approach, which does work for creating an algorithm. It has a setup rule, a movement rule and a cycle to repeat. The puzzle usually does not give the arrangement of the posts, only that there are three of them. It is commonly displayed, or presented, with the posts being in a straight line. It can, however, be presented as an arrangement of three posts in a triangular formation, like the image below. In either case, working this iterative approach needs to treat the set of posts as a wrap-around collection, being able to move between the posts infinitely in either direction. The triangular formation makes that easier to visualize than the linear formation.
triangular Hanoi puzzle
If we consider the top-left as post "A" (the source post), the top-right as post "B" (the target post), and the bottom-center as post "C" (the working post), then the setup rule is:
For an odd number of disks, the smallest disk moves clockwise, and for an even number of disks the smallest disk moves counter-clockwise.
The movement rule is:
With the disks numbered from smallest, as zero, to largest, disks with an even parity always move the same direction as the smallest disk, and disks with an odd parity always move in the reverse direction.
Finally, the cycle for the moves is:
 1. Move the smallest disk. 2. Move the only other "legal" move.
Using that two-move cycle, following the movement rule, will solve the puzzle in the smallest possible set of moves. Performing that in class with a 6-disk set shouldn't take very long (about 90 seconds without commentary, 2 or 3 minutes with decision commentary). Especially true if you have previously labeled the disks with their numbers, and marked them in some fashion to show which way they move so that you don't get confused during the demonstration. (Overheads, projector, or animation on screen works as well, but physical objects may have an enhanced long-term effect.)
Now, you have the students primed to learn the power of recursion. The rules for the iterative solution are oh, so simple. Turning those rules into an actual no-fail algorithm, with decisions mapped out, is not so simple after all. As humans, we can see, instantly, where the smallest disk is, which disks are able to move, and almost instantly reject the illegal moves when there are two open disks at the same time. Setting all that human ability into formal codified logic that can be followed blindly and achieve the desired result turns out to be much more difficult than it sounds.
Having not dealt with Hanoi since the middle 1980s, I think I can consider myself as having an almost fresh perspective on the problem. Trying to codify the algorithm for the above rules took up quite a bit of my spare time. I cannot put an amount of clock time to it since it was a "between-times" progress when other issues weren't pressing. Still, it took me the better part of a day to be confident in my algorithm and put it into code. With that in mind, I'm not sure if you should task the students with converting the above rules into a formal algorithm or not. Perhaps you can walk the class through developing one or two of the decisions within the algorithm to give them a sense of the work involved.
The main objective of the presentation up to this point is to help them to see, or experience, how much effort goes into creating the solution using the coding skills they have. Then they are ready to see the power that recursion can give them when the situation is right. Re-address the Hanoi puzzle to show that is can be reduced to a collection of smaller sub-problems that are the same as the original problem, except for size. Any solution that works for the main problem also works for the smaller sub-problems, and any solution that works for the smaller sub-problems also works for the main problem. Use that recognition to design a recursive approach to the solution. Hopefully, the amount of


text:
After the computer board runs a complete program, and then power on again, the screen displays the last complete program (not only memorize the program, but also all the parameters of the program. Each program including parameters is memorized separately.)
1. Express wash program (15 minutes) does not memorize washing parameters, but memorize the program number. The washing parameter is the default value.
2. In the program that the default temperature value is less than 60℃, the temperature memorized cannot exceed 60℃.
3. The drying option of the washing program is not memorized (Note: drying procedure, such as single drying, air washing, etc., set the default value).
4. The special stains of the washing program are not memorized.
5. The spinning speed memorized cannot exceed 1000rpm.


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In this tutorial I'll show you how to create a shiny planet icon using the 3D features of Photoshop CS4 Extended. This will cover basic information about 3D layers and texture maps. Let's get started!
Final Image Preview
Take a look at the image we'll be creating. Want access to the full PSD files and downloadable copies of every tutorial, including this one? Join Psd Plus for just $19/month. You can view the final image preview below.
Our video editor Gavin Steele has created this video tutorial to compliment this text + image tutorial.
Create a new document which is 1000 pixels wide and 500 pixels high at a resolution of 300 pixels/inch, with a name of "Home."
We'll be using some texture for our planet. You can get the diffuse texture from planetpixelemporium.com. Download the "color map" image from the site and place it as a new layer into your document. Rename this layer as "Earth."
Now go to 3D > New Shape From Layer > Sphere. This will wrap the layer around a sphere and this is going to be the base layer of our planet illustration.
The "Earth" layer is now a 3D layer and a cube icon is displayed in the Layers Palette. You can interact with a 3D model in a 3D layer in Photoshop. You can rotate and move the model or change the position of the camera in 3D space using the 3D tools in the Toolbox.
Grab the 3D Rotation Tool, click on the canvas, hold and drag to rotate the sphere and adjust it as you wish. Holding down the Alt or Shift keys will restrict the rotation axis.
The edges of the sphere look aliased at the moment. First we're going to fix it. Go to the Layers palette and double-click the little cube icon in the "Earth" layer to bring up the 3D Palette. Here you can make several adjustments to the 3D layer. Make sure the "Scene" is selected in the upper list and set Anti-Alias to Best. This will fix the edges.
Now click on the Global Ambient Color box and set the color to R:100, G:100, B:100 and hit OK. This will change the ambient color to a brighter one.
We'll now add a bump map to our planet. First download the "bump map" from planetpixelemporium.com and save the image to your desktop. Now go to the 3D Palette. Go to Sphere_Material and click the Edit the Bump Texture button and chose Load Texture. Select the file you have just downloaded. The "earthbump1k.jpg" file is a grayscale file and the lighter areas in this image will be bumped in our 3D sphere. We also want our planet to be glossy, so set the Glossiness to 100%.
In the 3D Palette you'll see that there are three lights. These are the default Photoshop scene lights. Now we'll change their types, colors and positions. First select the "Infinite Light 1" and change it's Color to R:150, G:150, and B:150. Now select the "Infinite Light 2" and set it's type to Point so that we can change it's position. Change it's Color to r:180, G:180, and B:180.
You can change the position of the light in the 3D scene using the Slide the Light and Drag the Light Tools in the 3D Palette. Position the gloss effect on the sphere using these tools. Now select "Infinite Light 3," set it's type to Point as well and set it's Color to R:130, G:130, and B:130.
"Infinite Light 3" is placed somewhere under the sphere. Since we're going to put the sphere on a surface and add some drop shadow later on, we just don't want any lights below it. So place the light above the sphere using the Slide and Drag Tools.
Now we'll make the clouds around the planet. Go to the Layers Palette, duplicate the "Earth" layer and name it "Clouds." Open the 3D properties panel for the "Clouds" layer. Select Sphere_Material in the upper list. Click the Edit the Diffuse Texture button and select Remove Texture. This will unload the existing texture map, and the Diffuse Color will determine how it is going to look. Set the Diffuse Color to white.
Click the Edit the Bump Texture button and choose Remove Texture to unload the bump map. Now we have a white sphere. We'll use another texture map for the clouds. Actually we'll use the white color of the Diffuse for the clouds and this texture map for the opacity. You can download the "clouds transparency" image from planetpixelemporium.com. Click the Edit the Opacity Texture button and choose Load Texture. Locate the "earthcloudmaptrans.jpg" file you have just downloaded.
The opacity texture made some parts of the sphere invisible, but obviously the wrong parts. Click the Edit the Opacity Texture button again and this time choose Open Texture. This will open the texture in a new document window. Go to Image > Adjustments > Invert. Save and close the document. Go back to the "Home.PSD" document, you'll see the opacity map is updated.
The weather seems to be too cloudy, because we can see the clouds that are on the other side through the transparent areas. Making the material one sided will fix that problem. Uncheck Two Sided. To make the clouds a little bit whiter, set Ambient and Specular colors to white. You can get the 3D Rotate Tool from the Toolbox and adjust the orientation of the clouds if you want.
To make the clouds pop out a little more set the Color of the three light to white.
Apply a Drop Shadow Layer Style to the "Clouds" layer and use these settings: Blend Mode set to Multiply, Color set to black, Opacity set at 75%, Distance set to 1px and Size set to 3px.
Now we have our planet done. Since we're going to merge our two 3D layers before we move on, this might be your last chance to change the rotation of the earth and the clouds. Drag one horizontal and one vertical Guide and snap them to the center of the earth. Go to the Layers Palette, select both the "Earth" and "Clouds" layers, merge them by going to Layer > Merge Layers. Name the merged layer "Earth".
Now grab the Elliptical Marque Tool, Hold Alt + Shift and make a circular selection starting from the center of the earth where the two guides intersect. Make a selection as shown below, which is about one pixel smaller than the earth. Go to Select > Inverse and hit Delete to clear. This will clear the drop shadow of the clouds and make the edges smoother. Hit Command + D to deselect.
Use the Move Tool to move the earth up to make room for the shadow and the reflection. Apply an Inner Shadow layer style using these settings: Blend Mode set to Multiply, Color set to black, Opacity set at 100%, Angle set to -90 degrees, Distance set to 25px and Size set to 46px. This will make the bottom part darker.
Create a new layer named "Shadow" above the "Background" layer. Grab the Elliptical Marquee Tool and make a selection as shown in the image below. Fill the selection with black and deselect. Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur and apply with a Radius of 7px. Go to Filter > Blur > Motion Blur, set the Angle to 0 and Distance to 150 px and apply.
Duplicate the "Shadow" layer. Hit Command + T, set both the Vertical and Horizontal Scale to 60% and apply. This will make a darker shadow where the sphere touches the ground.
Go to the "Earth" layer in the Layers Palette, duplicate it and name it "Reflection." Delete the Inner Shadow layer style by dragging the Effects to the Trash. Go to Edit > Transform > Flip Vertical to mirror the image. Grab the "Reflection" layer below the "Shadow" layer and position it as shown below.
Go to the Layers Palette and add a Layer Mask to the "Reflection" layer. Get the Gradient Tool, open the Gradient picker and select Black, White. Draw a gradient on the layer mask as shown below. This will make the reflection fade.
In the Layers Palette click on the "Reflection" Layer Thumbnail to select the layer itself. Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur and apply with a Radius of 2 pixels. Set the Layer Opacity at 75%. Grab the Gradient Tool and fill the "Background" layer with a light blue to white gradient.
Well that's it! I hope you enjoyed and learn something new about the 3D possibilities of Photoshop!
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NASA Sniffs Out Western Snowpack
sierra snowpack
A 3D color composite image of California's Mt. Lyell from NASA's Airborne Snow Observatory depicting snow depth. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Every winter, water managers in the West plunge metal tubes into high mountain snow, tracking its depth in order to predict how much water thirsty residents, farmers and power companies will get after the spring thaw.
The sampling system leaves large room for error, scientists admit. So, this year, in California and Colorado, the snowpack tests went high-tech. NASA gauged the snowpack with a plane-mounted device, called the Airborne Snow Observatory, which created detailed maps of snow depth and predicted melt.
The observatory relies on lidar, a scanning laser tool, to measure the snow's surface. Researchers then compare the data with previously measured topography of bare rock, in order to get the snow's depth. A spectrometer senses albedo, the amount of sunlight the snow reflects, to figure out how fast it will melt.
"The Airborne Snow Observatory is providing California water managers the first near-real-time, comprehensive determination of basinwide snow water equivalent," Frank Gehrke, mission co-investigator and chief of the California Cooperative Snow Surveys Program for the California Department of Water Resources, said in a NASA statement. "Integrated into models, these data will enhance the state's reservoir operations, permitting more efficient flood control, water-supply management and hydroelectric power generation."
This was the first year of a three-year demonstration mission for the device, which is mounted on a Twin Otter aircraft. This year, the plane flew weekly over California's Tuolumne River Basin watershed, which provides the primary water supply for San Francisco. In Colorado, scientists surveyed the Upper Colorado River watershed, which provides water for much of the western United States and parts of Mexico.


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One Methods:Sample Script Treatments
A treatment is a summary of a screenplay, TV show, novel or other story, sometimes in the form of an outline. It can be anything from one to ten pages or even longer in length. Treatments can be used as a tool of development for the writer's or used as a marketing tool.
 1. 1
 Know the length. Treatments can be as long as 30-40 pages, but 1-10 pages is probably most common. There is no correct "length" for a treatment the way there is for screenplays because treatments are for a certain audience.
 2. 2
 Create the log line. Most screenwriters begin with a one-to-two sentences description of their story. Ideally it includes the main character, the main antagonist, the nature of their conflict, genre elements (if it's a comedy, it should be humorous; if it's a thriller, it should thrill; if horror, it should horrify, etc.), and hints of the plot through, without revealing the end.
 - Usually screenwriters flesh out this log line further into a paragraph or more. At this point they are leaving behind the straitjacket of the log line and entering the more free-wheeling realm of the treatment.
 3. 3
 Be aware that there are two ways to proceed from here:
 - Some writers expand the story like an outline, letting each bullet point represent a story beat or a scene, so that the final product approximates a rough scene outline of the entire story. Some may keep gradually fleshing out these bullet points, the way a painter colors in trace lines, until they've filled the whole thing out into a full rough draft.
 - Other writers prefer a more categorical approach, where they explore different aspects separately, not necessarily in chronological order. For example, they may have a list of major characters whom they describe with a paragraph or two. They may have entire back histories of the main characters that run a page or two long. They may describe key locations with a paragraph each. They may also describe the plot but have it deconstructed, perhaps with the main plot in one group of paragraphs and various subplots described separately, not interwoven the way they would be in the script.
 4. 4
 Don't be hung up on rules. Screenwriting is a fairly rigid craft with countless rules. Treatments are one of the few areas with no rules. It's just a summary of the plot, perhaps with a little character study, usually 1-10 pages long.
 5. 5
 Understand that the form should suit the reason for which you are creating the treatment. if it's a development tool for your own purposes, then follow your own instincts. If it's for a producer's benefit, ask what sort of format he or she prefers. Or again, follow your instinct. You can always think of it as a written pitch you're telling someone as simply as possible, while making sure to convey the elements that make it stand out.
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those who received the last dose of an EU-approved vaccine.
EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen that it was time to revive the EU tourism industry and for cross-border friendships to rekindle safely.
Discussions on the plans will begin.
7) Answer: E
External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar and EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell have reaffirmed commitment to support Afghanistan in its path towards peace, security, self-reliance and prosperity.
Dr Jaishankar and Mr Borrell called for respecting and protecting the national sovereignty and territorial integrity of Afghanistan.
They reaffirmed their strong and continued support to an inclusive, Afghan-led, Afghan-owned peace process.
As representatives of the world's largest democracies, External Affairs Minister Dr.Jaishankar and Mr.Borrell reaffirmed that any political settlement in Afghanistan must protect the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all Afghans, including women, youth and minorities.
They reiterated that the nature of the peace settlement and its outcome will shape the future of international support and assistance.
They jointly and firmly condemned the unacceptable level of violence perpetrated against the national forces of Afghanistan and civilians and the targeted assassinations of civil rights activists, media persons and Ulema.
They reiterated their call for an immediate, permanent and comprehensive nationwide ceasefire.
8) Answer: D
India has scaled another peak in its effort to contain the COVID-19 virus with the administration of more than 16 Crore four lakh vaccine doses so far to its citizens.
Union Health Ministry said, the country also administered more than 13 Crore doses as the first dose and more than three crore vaccine doses have been administered as the second dose.
The Ministry said, more than two lakh 29 thousand beneficiaries of the age group 18 to 44 years received their first dose of COVID vaccine.
The cumulative vaccination coverage for this age group is over six lakh 62 thousand across 12 States and Union Territories.
The Ministry said that more than five crore 29 lakh beneficiaries in the age group of over 60 years has received the first dose and over one crore 23 lakh received the 2nd dose.
The country has administered nearly 11 lakh 50 thousand vaccine doses till 8 pm.
More than six lakh 15 thousand beneficiaries were vaccinated for 1st dose and over five lakh 33 thousand beneficiaries received 2nd dose of vaccine.
9) Answer: B
Government said that 28 States and Union Territories have started lifting food grains from Food Corporation of India depots for free distribution of food grains to the poor under Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana.
Last month, Centre had decided to provide free food-grains to nearly 80 crore beneficiaries covered under National Food Security Act, NFSA in the month of May and June.
Under this scheme, five kilogram per person per month food grains will be provided to the NFSA beneficiaries belonging to both Antyodaya Anna Yojana and Priority Householders categories.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi had stressed that it is important that the poor people of the country have nutritional support when the country is facing the second wave of coronavirus.
The Consumer Affairs Ministry said, Food Corporation of India has already positioned sufficient food grains in all States and UTs for successful implementation of the scheme.
It said 28 States and UTs have started lifting foodgrains from Food Corporation of India depots and Rs. 5.88 lakh tonnes of food grains have been supplied for further distribution to beneficiaries.
Lakshadweep has completely lifted May and June allocation whereas Andhra Pradesh and Telangana have already lifted 100 percent of May allocation.
The Ministry said, the rest of the States and UTs have also been sensitized to immediately start lifting the foodgrains under the scheme.
It has advised them to encourage migrant NFSA beneficiaries for using the facility of portability under One Nation One Ration Card plan.
The Ministry said, Centre will bear the entire cost of implementation of this scheme, without any sharing by States and Union Territories.
10) Answer: C
In Snooker, Mark Selby became the World Champion for the fourth time.
It took place from 17 April to 3 May 2021 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.
Selby won the Championship defeating Shaun Murphy by 18-15 victory at professional snooker tournament.
He has now moved up to second spot in world rankings, next only to Judd Trump.
Prior to this, Selby won the Championship title in 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2021.
11) Answer: E
Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Dharmendra Pradhan remotely flagged off the first supply of UCO, Used Cooking Oil based Biodiesel blended Diesel from Indian Oil's Tikrikalan Terminal, Delhi.
The Centre had initiated Expressions of Interest for "Procurement of Bio-diesel produced from Used Cooking Oil" on the occasion of World Biofuel Day on 10th August 2019.
Such "Expressions of Interest" are being periodically released by Oil Marketing Companies.
Speaking on the occasion, Mr Pradhan complimented the Oil industry on the stellar role played by them in keeping the fuel lines running despite the stiff challenges of the pandemic.
He also lauded the OMCs for going beyond the usual business imperatives by extending support for medical oxygen supply to the nation in this crisis.
Mr Pradhan also appreciated Indian Oil's leadership role in smoothening the Liquid oxygen logistics in the country through various initiatives.
Regarding the first supply of UCO-based Biodiesel from Indian Oil's Tikrikalan Terminal, the Minister termed it as landmark in India's pursuance of Biofuels.
He said it will have a positive impact on the environment.
This initiative will garner substantial economic benefits for the nation by shoring up indigenous Biodiesel supply, reducing import dependence, and generating rural employment.
12) Answer: B
Government has said that about 65 per cent more wheat has been procured during the current Rabi Marketing Season in comparison to the corresponding period last year.
Consumer Affairs Ministry said, the procurement of Wheat is continuing smoothly in the procuring States of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir and Bihar at Minimum Support Price.
The Ministry said, a quantity of over 299 lakh tonnes of Wheat has been procured against the last year corresponding purchase of around 181 lakh tonnes.
It said, about 29 lakh 46 thousand farmers have already benefited from the ongoing procurement operations with MSP value of over 59 thousand Crore rupees.
The Ministry said over 721 lakh tonnes of paddy have been procured in the ongoing Kharif Marketing Season 2020-21 and Rabi Marketing Season.
About one crore eight lakh farmers have benefited from the ongoing procurement operations.
13) Answer: D
The Ministry of Ayush and the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports have tapped into the spirit of International Day of Yoga to encourage the public to pursue Yoga as a daily routine for good health and well-being. The International Day of Yoga has been celebrated annually on 21 June.
The two Ministries came together to organize a virtual event to mark 50 days in the countdown to International Day of Yoga 2021.
In view of the COVID surge all the Yoga Day promotional activities are being conducted through digital & electronic platforms to encourage participation by citizens from their respective homes.
The Ministry of Ayush has, in this context, been propagating the message "Be with Yoga, Be at Home".
14) Answer: C
In Madhya Pradesh, 379 crore rupees have been transferred into the accounts of 16 thousand 844 beneficiaries under the Mukhyamantri Jan-Kalyan Sambal scheme.
Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan said the state government accords high priority to benefit the poor families of unorganised sector workers.
The Chief Minister informed that in the difficult times of crisis beneficiaries of Sambal Yojana are also being given three months of free ration along with financial assistance.
He called upon the beneficiaries to take precautions against the corona and to protect others along with themselves.
Meanwhile, Free Swastha Aahar Yojana (Healthy Food Scheme) for the corona patients of Bhopal is also being launched.
Medical Education Minister Vishwas Sarang said that the patient will get nutritious food on time free of cost in the hospital where he is admitted.
Minister Sarang said that as a pilot project, this scheme has been started in 110 hospitals in Bhopal.
On its success, this scheme will be started in other cities of the state as well.
15) Answer: D
Singer Pink will be honoured with the Icon Award at the 2021 Billboard Music Awards (BBMAs).
The award aims to recognize artists who have achieved success on the Billboard charts and left an indelible impact on music.
Pink joins previous honourees that include Neil Diamond, Stevie Wonder, Prince, Jennifer Lopez, Celine Dion, Cher, Janet Jackson, Mariah Carey and Garth Brooks.
"As a little girl, I always dreamed about being a singer and sharing my love of music with the world," the 41-year-old singer, who is the youngest recipient to date, said in a statement.
"Years later, to receive the Billboard Music Awards Icon Award is hard to fathom! I feel so honoured to join the ranks of music idols like Cher, Garth Brooks, Janet Jackson and Stevie Wonder.
16) Answer: B
TMC leader Mamata Banerjee will be sworn in as the Chief Minister of West Bengal for the third time.
Governor Jagdeep Dhank


From WikiRaider
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Born unknown, before 970 A.D.[1]
Byzantine Empire
Died 2015
Occupation Prophet, Leader of the Remnant
Children Sofia
Game(s) Rise of the Tomb Raider
Before Rise of the Tomb Raider
Only rumours exist about Jacob's life before the events of Rise of the Tomb Raider. When he still was a citizen of the Empire he was seen as some kind of religious icon, hence his appellation as the Prophet. His teachings of immortality attracted a lot of followers, which finally lead to his expulsion from the Empire and his and his followers prosecution as heretics. They first fled to Syria and build a city there, but Trinity, a secret order of knights followed suit and supposedly killed the Prophet and subdued his people. But since Jacob could not die he survived this attack and his tomb in Syria remains empty.
Jacob and the Remnant of his people set out to find a new home and after a long migration full of hardship they reached Siberia and settled in an inaccessible part of the mountains where they build the famous city of Kitezh. The city flourished for a time but finally the Mongols invaded, aided by Trinity agents. To defend the city, Jacob used the Source on the city's watch to create the Deathless, immortal soldiers, that protect the Divine Source at any cost. But in the end they let the city sink beneath the glaciers of the mountains, killing not only the invaders but a lot of the inhabitants, too.
Instead of fleeing again, Jacob and the Remnant - the Divine Source lost to them in under the glacier - stayed in the vicinity and build a new and simpler life. Jacob at first lived incognito as one of his people. He tried to stay away from human contact but as recently as some decades ago fell in love with a woman. Torn between his duty to his people and his love he tried to stay away from her, but failed and fathered a child, his daughter Sofia.
Little is known about how Jacob came by the Divine Source, the artefact that granted him immortality. It is insinuated that it might be of extra-terrestrial origins.
It seems that he had a wife or a lover back in the Empire, also called Sofia. His daughter is possible named after her[2].
After Meeting Lara Croft
Lara meets Jacob for the first time when she is captured by Trinity and thrown into jail. Jacob is the inmate next door. She already heard rumours of the Remnant leader being imprisoned in the old Gulag, so she tried to seek him out and help him in order to gain the trust of the Remnant as well as finding out more about the Divine Source.
After escaping, Jacob leads her out of the prison and finally saves her life after she falls into the icy water of a river as she tries to escape a Trinity Helicopter.
Later he leads her through the old Soviet mines, but they get separated. After reuniting in the Geothermal Valley he convinces Sofia and the other Remnant to accept Lara as an ally. When the valley gets attacked by Trinity soldiers, she rushes to help Jacob and his people.
After procuring the Atlas, a map that shows the location of the Divine Source inside Kitezh, Lara sets off to rescue Jonah from Trinity, which stole the Atlas and took him as prisoner. She leaves Jacob and Sofia behind, who are organize an attack on Trinity, who themselves try to get into Kitezh. When Jonah gets mortally wounded, Jacob uses his healing powers to save him, revealing himself as the Prophet to Lara.
The last time Lara meets Jacob is shortly before his death. Ana has taken the Source and looked into it in order to heal her illness, dropping it as she gets blinded by the light inside. Surrounded by the Deathless that followed Jacob Lara picks it up. Unwilling to hand it over or destroy it at first, knowing that it will mean the end of the heavily wounded Jacob as well as the end of her dream of finding proof of the supernatural and presenting it to the world, she shares a brief look with Jacob who encourages her to destroy it. She does so by throwing it hard at the ground. The Source shatters and releases the energy within; the Deathless and Jacob crumble to dust, leaving Lara and Ana behind.
Family and Friends
His daughter and leader of the Remnant after his death
His beloved and mother of Sofia
Further Information
 - Real Name: Jacob
 - Age: Several hundred years; the exodus from the Byzantine Empire supposedly happened over a thousand years ago (around 970 A.D., but no exact date is given).
 - Nationality: unknown
 - Occupation: Prophet, religious leader, leader of the Remnant
See Also
Jacob's daughter
Jacob's people
 1. The Apostle document set
 2. Spring from the Pages of the Ledger set of documents.
 3. Pages of the Ledger document set


text:
A maraschino cherry (pronounced /ˌmærəˈskiːnoʊ/ ma-ra-SKEE-no, as in Italian, or /ˌmærəˈʃiːnoʊ/ marr-ə-SHEE-no) is a preserved, sweetened cherry, typically made from light-colored sweet cherries such as the Royal Ann, Rainier, or Gold varieties. The cherries are first preserved in a brine solution usually containing sulfur dioxide or alcohol, then soaked in a suspension of food coloring (common red food dye, FD&C Red 40), sugar syrup, and other components.
The name maraschino refers to the marasca cherry of Croatian origin and the maraschino liqueur made from it, in which maraschino cherries were originally preserved. They were, at first, produced for and consumed as a delicacy by royalty and the wealthy.
Red Numbers 1, 4, and Yellow Numbers 1,2,3, and 4 were removed from the approved list in 1960. The ban on Red Number 4 was lifted in 1965 to allow the coloring of maraschino cherries, which is considered mainly decorative and not a foodstuff (Pavia, et al., Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques).
In the U.S.
The cherries were first introduced in the United States in the late 19th century, where they were served in fine bars and restaurants. By the turn of the century, American producers were experimenting with flavors such as almond extract and substituting Queen Anne cherries for marasca cherries. In 1912, the USDA defined "maraschino cherries" as "marasca cherries preserved in maraschino" under the authority of the Food and Drugs Act of 1906. The artificially-colored and sweetened Royal Anne variety were required to be called "Imitation Maraschino Cherries" instead. Food Inspection Decision 141, defined marasca cherries and maraschino themselves. It was signed on Feb. 17, 1912.
During Prohibition in the United States as of 1920, the decreasingly popular alcoholic variety was illegal as well. Ernest H. Wiegand, a professor of horticulture at Oregon State University, developed the modern method of manufacturing maraschino cherries using a brine solution rather than alcohol. Accordingly, most modern maraschino cherries have only a historical connection with maraschino liqueur.
Full article ▸


text:
Operations Other Than War
Definition/Scope: OOTW is a concept that refers to the use of military capabilities acroos a range of operations that is short of declared war. Such operations normally have very strict rules of engagement and will include purposes such as humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, supporting the United Nations and protecting national interests.
Use:military operations other than war
Broader Terms:peace operation
Related Terms:operational tempo


text:
Q: We have several 'Natchez' crapemyrtles and want to plant a red one between the white ones.
What crapemyrtle blooms red at same time or close to 'Natchez'?
A: 'Dynamite' has a terrific red flower color and is a tree-form crapemyrtle, like 'Natchez'. As you know, crapemyrtle varieties assume several shapes, from the dwarf 'Chica Red' to the large shrub 'Tonto'. I've collected references for the various varieties and shapes at xrl.us/CRAPECULTIVARS
Tags For This Article: crape myrtle


Label Best Practices
John Harris
Labels are a means for describing and identifying components that make up an application with arbitrary key/value pairs. Labels are attached to Kubernetes API objects at time of creation or can also be added/modified/removed at a later time. Labels are simple pieces of metadata that can help with organization and administration of an application's lifecycle.
Labels are not always arbitrary, and are sometimes applied automatically to some API objects by Kubernetes, typically via the kubelet.
Using Labels
Label Example
Here's an example of some labels attached to a pod manifest:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
 name: my_app
 namespace: my_app
 app: my_app
 version: 1.0.0
 component: frontend
Labels with Selectors
Selectors enable you to select Kubernetes API objects based on the labels applied to them. This is useful when defining what workloads should be routed to or from a service and their underlying components, such as what pods should be managed by a replica set. A selector achieves this by specifying which key/value pairs to search for within API object metadata (typically, but not limited to pod specifications) to be able to properly perform these tasks, and is one of the main purposes for labels.
Selector Example
Here's an example of using a service to expose pods identified by their applied labels.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
 name: myapp_db_svc
 namespace: my_app
 app: my_app_db
 version: 1.0.0
 component: backend
 app: my_app_db
 version: 1.0.0
 component: backend
 type: ClusterIP
 - protocol: TCP
 port: 3306
 targetPort: 3306
Identifying Application Components with Labels
The Kubernetes API can be queried with the kubectl client to list specific components with specific labels. There are three operators that can be used to perform these queries: =, ==, and!=.
=equal to or is
==equal to or is
!=not equal to or is not
Label Query Examples
Find all components in Kubernetes that are related to running MySQL (app: mysql) and not production (environment: production).
kubectl get all -l name==mysql,environment!=production -A
In the command above:
 - get: lists the API objects
 - all: is equivalent to all component/API object types
 - -l: label(s) to query/filter on
 - name==mysql: label with key name is/equals mysql
 -,: comma separator for multiple label queries
 - environment!=production: label with key environment is not/not equal to production
 - -A: from all namespaces in Kubernetes.
Considerations when Creating Labeling Standards
As you can see from the prior sections, labels have a fairly important place in successful application deployment within Kubernetes. It is important to standardize labels in every component within a Kubernetes environment. These design decisions will make locating and managing components easier in the long run.
Some recommended labels per the Kubernetes documentation include:
nameThe name of the applicationmysql
instanceA unique name identifying the instance of an applicationfrontend-green
versionThe current version of the application (e.g., a semantic version, revision hash, etc.)1.0.0
componentThe component within the architecturedatabase
part-ofThe name of a parent application this application is part ofwordpress
managed-byThe tool being used to manage the operation of an applicationapp-manager
VMware recommends you extend the above labels with the following, where relevant.
tierThe tier in the overall application architecturefrontend
environmentThe environment in reference to the systems development lifecycledev
purposeThe purpose of this particular application componentqueue
ownerThe team or individual responsible for deploying or maintaining the application component"John Doe"
owner-emailThe email address of the responsible team or individual for deploying or maintaining the application _EMAIL_
repositoryA URL to the repository that contains this application's source code"github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes"
managed-byThe tool being used to manage the operation of an applicationhelm
business-unitThe business unit who owns this application"finance"


text:
How do I update my the NOD32 system?
NOD32 supports both automatic and manual updates. By default, an automatic update task is scheduled after the installation of NOD32. If necessary, a manual update can be forced by clicking the Update now button in the main update panel.
For update to work properly, the following conditions must be fullfilled:
Update over LAN:
- a correct user name and password must be specified in the update setup panel (if either the server or worsktation is running an NT-based system and updates are not retrieved through
- Update through a share/mapped drive: a valid server must be selected (we recommend to use UNC paths intead of mapped drives which may not work on some systems)
- Update through http: NOD32 Update http mirror
must be active. On clients, the local mirror address should be added and
chosen as primary update server (e.g. http://192.168.10.3:8080).
Update from the Internet:
- a correct and valid user name and password must be specified in the update setup panel
- the update server should be set to automatic selection (which is, by
- an Internet connection must be established at the time an update is performed


text:
Opening the Tomb of Petamenophis in Luxor
A First Look
by Jane Akshar
Today (December 7th, 2005) was the official opening of the tomb of Petamenophis (Padiamenope, Xry.y-Hb Hrj-tp) (TT33) by Dr Sabry Abd El Aziz, the deputy of Dr Zahi Hawass. It is located next to the tomb of Harwa (TT39).
The tomb is hugely significant, being, well huge. At this point, it is the largest tomb in Egypt and yet we really do not know why the owner of it was so blessed, but perhaps future work may reveal this secret.
Indeed, he was a high official, describing himself as "Sealbearer and Sole Beloved Friend, Lector and Scribe of the Records in the Sight of the King". In this inscription the king is not named, but there is an inscription in the northern part of the great outer courtyard, discovered by Lepsius, with a cartouche containing the name of a King Haremhab (Horemheb?), next to the name of Petamenophis.
However, stylistically, many scholars believe that Pteamenophis' tomb could not be dated as early as the 18th or early 19th dynasty. In this regard, the tomb appears to date no earlier than the Ethiopian Period (when Nubians ruled Egypt). Some scholars believe that Petamenophis may have lived during the rule of Psammetichus I, the first king of the 26th Dynasty. In any event, Petamenophis must have been, to judge from his titles, a learned man and theologian. It should be noted that there is a statue of Petamenophis in the Egyptian Antiquities Museum in Cairo.
The tomb of Petamenophis, located in the Assasif section of tombs on the West Bank at Luxor (ancient Thebes), was first described in detail by Lepsius in his pioneering work, Denkmaeler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien.
The tomb was later visited and described separately by Wilkinson, by Duemichen and others, before Maspero, seeing its deteriorating condition and realizing the necessity of protecting it from despoliation, had it sealed at the end of the last century. It remained closed until 1936 when W. F. von Bissing obtained permission to reopen it with the purpose of performing a definitive survey and publication. Braving the billions of bats infesting the place and the thick air (the ventilation shafts left much to be desired) he persevered, and within two years (1938) published a detailed description of the finds. Thereafter, for decades, the tomb was used as a storeroom with boxes, some labeled, some not.
There were boxes from the tomb of Tutankhamun with biological matter (plants), statues, sarcophagi and altogether some 1,000 objects. There were registers for some of these boxes. One from 1964 was compiled by the Polish team working at Deir el-Bahri, and showed lists which accompanied black and white photos. This material has now been moved to a storage facility near the Carter House near the Valley of the Kings.
Lately, actually over the last two years, a team from the University of Strasbourg, led by M. Traurecker, has been clearing the first three chambers of this huge tomb and it has just now been opened for a first official viewing.
The opening was attended by many important officials from the Supreme Council and other archaeologists working in the area, such as Francesco Tiradritti. The next stage will be the cleaning, restoration and conservation of the tomb. It has important texts such as the Book of the Dead which need to be studied. In fact it is one of the most important, if not the most important, source for sacred texts during the period of Egyptian history. For example, there is also a Late Period version of the Book of Caverns in the tomb, which has yielded otherwise missing parts of this text. But the most amazing thing about this tomb is it's sheer size, with some 330 meters of corridors. It may be some time yet before this tomb is open to the public, but perhaps now we may see an end in sight when the public will be able to explore this vast monument. Perhaps, more importantly, there may be more to learn as work progresses toward that end
Last Updated: 12/07/2005
Who are we?
Tour Egypt aims to offer the ultimate Egyptian adventure and intimate knowledge about the country. We offer this unique experience in two ways, the first one is by organizing a tour and coming to Egypt for a visit, whether alone or in a group, and living it firsthand. The second way to experience Egypt is from the comfort of your own home: online.