text:
Identifiers are used as an internal way of referring to a question in the site. They are most commonly added to questions when you require the use of Advanced Expression Piping (AEP) within your form. They are short, one word, values made up of letters and numbers.
- How to Add an Identifier
- How does the Identifier Appear within the Site
- Reasons you may require an Identifier
In order to add an Identifier to a question:
- Access the Form Builder of the form you are looking to edit.
- Click on the Question you wish to add the identifier to.
- On the left of the screen under the question type dropdown is the Identifier. If you have no value currently as an identifier the value will say None.
- Click on the word None, or if there is a value there click on the current value to be given a text box.
- Enter the Identifier you wish to give to the question.
- Save the form.
- Once the Identifier has been added you will notice it will appear as small, text above the question.
NOTE: Question identifiers are case sensitive, must begin with a letter, and may only contain letters, numbers, and underscores.
TIP! To ensure that you can easily identify the question later, make sure the identifier is related to the question. For example if you have a question that asks for the "Home Address" of your applicant an identifier you may use would be home_address or homeaddress. For longer questions it is still important to keep the identifier short, therefore for longer questions, such as "Name your top 3 favourite colours" your identifier may be favouritecolours or threecolours for example.
When the identifier is added to the question this is how it will be identified internally throughout the site, it will replace the original question which is why it is important that it is related to the question so you can easily identify it later. It will be displayed in the following sections:
- In the Piping Wizard of an Applicant form or a Reviewer form
- When adding a column within a report
- Within all Filters
NOTE: The identifier will not be displayed to any of your end users when they are filling out their forms
Below is a list of reasons for adding an identifier to a question:
- Add an AEP formula to your form
- Use the Piping Wizard within an Applicant Form
- Use the Piping Wizard within a Reviewer Form
- Easily identify long questions
- Easily identify questions that appear more than once in your site
- Easily identify questions that don't have a title


Botanical name(s):
Crataegus oxyacantha
Other name(s):
General description
The hawthorn is a woody shrub or small tree with thorns and brightly colored fruit.
In Europe, hawthorn is used both as a prescription and an over-the-counter heart tonic. Although this herb is not well known in the United States, more Americans, including physicians, are now contemplating various uses for it.
Hawthorn contains flavonoids, which may interact with key enzymes to enhance the heart muscles ability to contract,as well as increase blood and oxygen supply to the heart muscles. Hawthorn is said to be useful in the treatment of angina pectoris, ischemia, and atherosclerosis.
Medically valid uses
Hawthorn became a popular herbal remedy in Europe and North America toward the end of the 19th century. Findings from test-tube, animal, and a handful of human studies are showing that standardized extracts of hawthorn may be safe and effective for mild heart failure; however, there is contradictory evidence about the effects of hawthorn extract in heart failure patients. Until further research and conclusive evidence is provided, it is recommended that people with heart disease not take hawthorn.
Unsubstantiated claims
Hawthorn reportedly acts as a calmative (affects nervous system and nerve function due to its ability to cause a mild sedative effect) and as a circulatory stimulant. (improves circulation). It is also claimed to possibly reduce the risk for atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and slow down the central nervous system. Finally, hawthorn may be helpful in relieving chronic insomnia and improving circulation in swollen legs and feet.
Dosing format
Hawthorn can be found as capsules, dried leaves or flowers, infusion, liquid extract, or tincture.
Side effects, toxicity, and interactions
Taken in recommended doses, hawthorn is tolerated well by most people; however, herbalists strongly urge that hawthorn be taken only under the guidance of a doctor because hawthorn is a potent herb. Sedation and dangerously low blood pressure can develop if it is taken in doses substantially higher than recommended.
Children and women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should avoid using hawthorn.
German health authorities recommend that people should not take the herb for more than six weeks at a time.
Hawthorn will not stop an angina attack.
Do not take hawthorn with other heart medications such as digitalis. Do not take sedatives or sleeping medications while taking hawthorn.
Additional information


text:
Capital Chips (Part 2)
This lesson printed from:
Posted July 30, 2002
Author: Council for Economic Education Technology Staff
Posted: July 30, 2002
Updated: June 10, 2009
Through the use of a historical timeline of the capital investments made by the company the resulting benefits will be examined. The benefits from the capital investments of Herr Foods, Inc. will be related to their effect on the standard of living. Then students will visit one of three websites, select an innovation/invention of their choice to analyze in terms of its impact on productivity and the standard of living. Finally, the teacher will select one invention/innovation from a designated website and have students analyze it in the same economic terms as the focus of this lesson and write an essay summarizing the innovation/invention.
Productivity is a measurement of output resulting from the use of productive resources or inputs. It refers to the amount of output per unit of input over a period of time. An increase in productivity may mean producing the same amount with fewer inputs, producing more output with the same inputs, or a combination of the two. Companies look for ways to maintain and increase the level of productivity in order to remain competitive while maintaining profits. One way of accomplishing this is through investing in capital goods such as machines, tools, and new ideas used in the production process. Technological improvements in capital goods are a leading cause of increase in productivity.
After completing the following activities, your students will develop a better understanding of the economics associated with productivity. In the first activity your students will explore the concepts that are connected to productivity. In the second activity your students will investigate the Herr's Potato Chips, a company that is constantly working at incorporating new techniques to satisfy the customer. Finally, in the third activity your students will use the Internet to search for inventors and inventions. Their task is to find an invention they would like to learn more about and learn how that invention improves its environment. After your students complete all three parts to this lesson they will find a series of questions that will explore what they have learned from Capital Chips about productivity.
Part 2 Introduction:
The students are going to take a tour of the Herr's Foods Inc in this lesson. Herr's Potato Chips have been on the market for the past 50 years. The company is constantly working at incorporating new techniques to satisfy the customer. The students' job will be to see how these new techniques improve the company and benefits the customer.
- Point out to the students that they will learn about some actual investments in capital resources that have increased productivity for one company in particular. They will learn how Herr's Foods, Inc. increased its productivity over the years through a variety of investments in capital resources.
- Divide the students into 10 groups. Assign each group a year (or point on the Herr's Foods timeline).
- Direct all groups to click on the first entry of the timeline and read it so that each group understands the beginnings of the Herr's Potato Chip factory business.
- Direct the students to click on the point on the Herr's timeline that corresponds to the date(s) that they were assigned.
- Tell the students to answer the following questions using the information they obtain from the timeline for the year assigned.
- What was the capital investment, new idea, or innovation that occurred during this time frame on the Herr's timeline?
- How did this change increase the productivity of the Herr's potato chip business?
- What was the impact of this change on the consumer, producer, and worker?
- Direct all groups to click on the last entry of the Herr's Foods timeline and explore it so that each group has an understanding of the progress Herr's Foods, Inc. has made.
- At the end of this part of the lesson involving Herr's Foods lesson (or at the end of the entire lesson), plan to have a variety of Herr's products for the students to enjoy.
The students have now applied the concepts from the previous activity to a real-life business. Next the students will get a closer look at an innovation or invention, to see how they can be used in a business.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Lemongrass Kombucha - Culture Lab - 330ml
Culture Lab Kombucha is a premium slow brewed raw Kombucha made with 100% organic ingredients and spring water.
It can be enjoyed as a healthy alternative to soda drinks and alcoholic beverages (or as a mix there in) or consumed purely for the delicious taste and gut healing properties.
Cultures of bacteria and yeast are cultivated to brew the refreshing fermented tea known as Kombucha.
Kombucha is packed with bio-active probiotics, enzymes, nutrients, vitamins and beneficial acids.
Kombucha has been brewed for millennia with it's exact origin lost in time. Historically known as 'the tea of immortality', Kombucha is said to have been used in famous historical armies, discovered to correlate with radiation resistance and utilized as a key secret to national athletic success.
Lemongrass Kombucha - Culture Lab - 330ml


people living in Mindat Township, Chin State) in the front side, including the Lusei hair style at the back side. However, they lost their language and assimilated with other peoples of their surroundings. Their clan names are Bawitlung, Hlawndo, Hniarthul, Hniarcheng,Chenhrang, Fanai, Nihliap, Airawn, Ruahngai, Zakham, Suakling, and Tluangzachhawn. The Fanai have eight sub-clans: Chhuanchhir, Rilian, Khintin, Pakhup, Torel, Zarep, Thaai, and Hrangtling. Pakhup have three branches: Thathrang, Ralzatlung and Khawtinnawl. Khawtinnawl have three cadet branches: Aithangvung, Khualsawi, Khawtindal. Aithangvung have four family branches: Zadun, Lianchem, Zakap, and Pazik. Khualsawi have three family branches: Nochhum, Pahnun, and Lalthawm. Khawtindal have seven family branches: Lalchhum, Hleibawr, Dophung, Aiburh, Aitlawh, Sawithang, and Rothang.
This tribe came to be known after establishing their first village at Tlauhmun, Chin State, but due to a quarrel between their Chief and the Zahau Laizo chiefs, they migrated to a place called Bual/Bualhmun, Chin State. At this site, the various subtribes or clans formed. They are Bualchhuak, Bawlchhim, Vantawl, Thlengngam, Chawntung, Khukhau/Khukhan, and Vanling. The first four migrated to Mizoram, while the last three stayed back.
This tribe is also known as Vualnam/Gualnam. Main clans include Muansuan, Lamtun, Mitsum, Zuisang, Hangman, Melheu, Helbik, and Matsuan.
The Khiangtes are the descendants of Pu Thuantak. They have two brothers, Sizang/Siyin and Thaute. It is believed that they came to the present Mizo Hills along with the successive migrations of the Luseis between 1600 A.D. to 1700 A.D. Khiangte is composed of Khupthlang, Khupchhung, Tumchhung, Mualvum, Khello, Chhinghel and Chawngte (Tuichhung, Pamte, Lungte and Muchhipchhuak) clans. They spread throughout Mizoram, Assam, Manipur and Tripura in India; Chittagong hills tracts in Bangladesh, and the Chin State and Sagaing Division.[11]
The Paites are indigenous tribes of Mizoram under the Greater Assam state since 1750 AD. The Tribal Research Institute of Mizoram in their published book,"Paite in Mizoram" stated that the Paite people with their Guite chiefs entered the present Mizoram along with Palian Chief of Lushai around the first half of the 18th century. The Union Government has recognised Paite as one of the tribes in Mizoram via The Gazette of India Notice No. 10 of 2003 date 8 January 2003 of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 2002.
The Paites are socially and culturally distinct from other tribes of Mizoram. Major Shakespeare, the first Superintendent of Lushai Hills said that Paite dialect is unintelligible to Lushai. He also recorded that Paite have a distinct culture and customs. They now have a separate semi-autonomous body called the Sialkal Range Development Council in the northern part of Champhai, with headquarters at Mimbung. Most of the Paites in Mizoram belong to the Dapzar Paite or Lamjang tribe.
In 1953, India adopted a constitution defining itself as a Sovereign Democratic Republic. At that time, the Lai people of the southern part of Mizoram, a segment of the much larger population of Lai/Chin, were granted an Autonomous District Council under the Sixth Schedule of the constitution, to support their identity. Lawngtlai was created as the headquarters of Lai Autonomous District Council.[12]
The people have maintained use of their language in the community and in their education. Maintenance of language as a symbol of identity has been inculcated up to middle school standard. The Lai Autonomous District Council manage their education from primary to middle stage, in which the state government (Mizoram) has no control or interference. Lai people speak both Lai and Mizo languages (the latter is official in the state).
The Pang are found largely in the Chamdur valley of Bungtlang South Rural Development Block and some villages in Chawngte, Tlabung and West Phaileng Subdivisions. They have no separate regional self-government or autonomous body of their own.
Together with the Bawm and Tlanglau, they have been struggling to be recognized as a separate tribe. Most of them dwell in Chamdur Valley of India and Chittagong Hills Tracts of Bangladesh.
The Hmar tribe occupy a large area in the northeast of India: Pherzawl District of Manipur, various places across Tripura and Cachar, Hailakandi, Karimganj, and the NC Hills District of Assam. In Mizoram, the Hmar are found in the Aizawl, Kolasib, Champhai and Lunglei districts. A majority of Hmars who live in Mizoram speak the Duhlian language, while few of them who live within Sinlung Hills District Council (SHDC) speak the Khawsak/Darngawn dialect, which is accepted by some as 'the' Hmar language.
In July 1986, after the signing of the Mizo Accord, some Hmar leaders here formed Mizoram Hmar Association, later renamed the Hmar People's Convention (HPC). The HPC spearheaded a political movement for self-governance of the Hmar in Mizoram, demanding an Autonomous District Council (ADC) to cover the Hmar-dominated areas in the north and northwest of Mizoram.
The HPC activists formed an armed wing, the Hmar Volunteer Cell (HVC). The State Government forced them to take up arms until 1992, when representatives of the HPC and the Government of Mizoram mutually agreed to hold ministerial-level talks. After multiple rounds of talks, they signed a Memorandum of Settlement (MoS) in Aizawl on 27 July 1994. Armed cadres of the HPC surrendered along with their weapons in October 1994. The government established the Sinlung Hills Development Council (SHDC) for the Hmar. Some of the HPC leaders and cadres rejected Memorandum of Settlement, breaking away and forming the Hmar People's Convention – Democratic (HPC-D).
Sub-tribes or clans:[citation needed]
The Hmar tribe comprises numerous sub-tribes or clans (Pahnam in Hmar language) such as Changsan, Chawngthu (Lersia, Khuntil and Vanchiau) Chawhte, Khawzawl, Vankal, Darlong, Darngawn, Faihriem, Hrangchal, Hrangkhawl, Khawbung, Lawitlang, Leiri, Lungtau, Neitham, Ngurte, Hekte, Hrangate, Varte, Lungchuang, Sialhnam, Tlawmte, Suamte, Tuahlawr, Chhinghel, Khello, Mualvum, Tumchhung, Khupchhung, Khupthlang, Pakhumate, Selate, Sanate, Pakhuang, Banzang, Tamte, Thiek, Zote, etc. In the past, these tribes had their own villages and their own dialects. However, today the majority of the Hmar population use Hmar language.
The Sinlung Hills Development Council (SHDC) has now been renamed as Sinlung Hills Council as per 2018 agreement.
Even though the Renthleis may not seem numerous and ancient. In fact, they are a very ancient tribe as compared to the Luseis (descendants of Thlapaa, son of Ngaite). They are a very brave tribe who also settled at Muchhiptlang and Mulen along with Chawngte, Tochhawng and Vanchhawng clans. Their clans include Lianhlun, Zanchhing, Tinkulh, Chhing thlang, Chho nghek, Renza, Thangthlawl, SoHnel, Thuandum.[13]
The Ralte tribe consisted of 4 main clans, divided into a number of smaller clans. The 4 main clans are Siakeng, Kawlni (Colney), Lelhchhun and Khelte. They are descended from Thahdo,[14] the son of Aisan Pa (Sektak), who was the son of Nuaimangpa Songthu and his wife Neihtong. 1.Siakeng clans - Engkhai, Siakhang, Haizang (Chawnthang & Chawnchhin), Chaw


Title: unable to discover preferred HTTPConnection class
Type: enhancement Stage: test needed
Components: Library (Lib) Versions: Python 3.4
Status: open Resolution:
Dependencies: Superseder:
Assigned To: Nosy List: demian.brecht, orsenthil, samwyse
Priority: normal Keywords:
Created on 2013-02-18 21:21 by samwyse, last changed 2014-06-24 05:33 by demian.brecht.
Messages (1)
msg182343 - (view) Author: Samwyse (samwyse) Date: 2013-02-18 21:21
When a URL is opened, the opener-director is responsible for locating the proper handler for the specified protocol. Frequently, an existing protocol handler will be subclassed and then added to the collection maintained by the director. When urlopen is called, the specified request is immediately handed off to the director's "open" method which finds the correct handler and invokes the protocol-specific XXX_open method. At least in the case of the HTTP protocols, if an error occurs then the director is called again to find and invoke a handler for the error; these handlers generally open a new connection after adding headers to avoid the error going forward. Finally, it is important to note that at the present time, the HTTP handlers in urllib2 are built using a class (infourl) that isn't prepared to deal with a persistent connection, so they always add a "Connection: close" header to the request.
Unfortunately, NTLM only certifies the current connection, meaning that a "Connection: keep-alive" header must be used to keep it open throughout the authentication process. Furthermore, because the opener director only provides a do_open method, there is no way to discover the type of connection without also opening it. This means that the HTTPNtlmAuthHandler cannot use the normal HTTPHandler and must therefore must hardcode the HTTPConnection class. If a custom class is required for whatever reason, the only way to cause it to be used is to monkey-patch the code. For an example, see
This can be avoided if, instead of putting the instantiation of the desired HTTP connection class inline, the HTTPHandler classes used a class instance variable. Something like the following should work without breaking any existing code:
class HTTPHandler(AbstractHTTPHandler):
 _connection = httplib.HTTPConnection
 def connection(self):
 """Returns the class of connection being handled."""
 return self._connection
 def http_open(self, req):
 return self.do_open(_connection, req)
 http_request = AbstractHTTPHandler.do_request_
Date User Action Args
2014-06-24 05:33:14demian.brechtsetnosy: + demian.brecht
2013-02-22 18:30:19terry.reedysetnosy: + orsenthil
stage: test needed
type: enhancement
versions: - Python 2.6, 3rd party, Python 3.1, Python 2.7, Python 3.2, Python 3.3, Python 3.5
2013-02-18 21:21:11samwysecreate


text:
Analysis of Cyanate Ester Resins and Graphite Fabric for Use in Resin Film Infusion Processing
MetadataShow full item record
The resin cure-kinetics models predicted the curing behavior of the resins as functions of time, temperature, and degree of cure. The proposed viscosity models determined the resin viscosity as a function of temperature and degree of cure. The 8HS graphite fabric was tested in compaction and through the thickness permeability to determine the effect of compaction pressure on fiber volume fraction and in turn on through the thickness permeability. The one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation combined the cure-kinetics and viscosity models of the resins with the characteristics of the graphite fabric and determined resin infiltration and cure times.
The proposed cure-kinetics and viscosity models were more than adequate in modeling the cure and flow behavior of the cyanate ester resin systems. Power law curve fits accurately represented the compaction and through the thickness permeability of the 8HS graphite fabric. Finally, the one-dimensional RFI flow and cure simulation showed that resin viscosity was the major influence on the infiltration times.
- Masters Theses

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
If you needed any more proof New York City breeds freaks and mutants, it's here. Gothamist is reporting the City may have created its very own specie of ant.
(by Alissa Fleck)
A Columbia professor decided, earlier this year, to investigate the wildlife outside his 63rd and Broadway building rather than go on a tropical reconnaissance mission (budget cuts?), when he made a shocking discovery. The ant specie he found on the front sidewalk was new to North America, and likely the entire world, reports Gothamist. The jury's still out on whether he's disappointed about forgoing a tropical vacation to study city ants.
As of now, the new species remains unnamed, though the NY Post has lovingly dubbed it the "ManhattAnt." Thirteen different species of ant already live in the City, but Gothamist reports it's possible this species evolved to live in warmer, drier habitats. It's also possible it literally "jumped ship" from another continent.
The professor who made the discovery is studying the diets of urban ants (urbants?) and has found they contain high levels of carbon due to increased consumption of corn syrup. The more fascinating issue seems to be there is someone out there who studies the stomach contents of City ants.
Add this to the long list of terrifying things squeezing and scurrying out of the Concrete Jungle's crevices.
Trackback from your site.


text:
ified with some mold and deterioration to the skin in some areas. In 1925, her body was exhumed a third and final time. Two of her ribs were removed and sent to Rome. In a common move during the French canonization process, molds were taken of Bernadette's face and hands and wax casts made and place over the face and hands. The body was placed in a reliquary in the Chapel of St. Bernadette where it remains today.
St. Bernadette when she was alive.
St. Bernadette's body lays in a gold reliquary. Her face and hands have been covered in wax as customary with french incorrupt saints.
10. John Torrington (1825 – 1846) : BRITAIN
Sometimes mother nature can preserve a body even better than embalming can. Meet John Torrington, Petty Officer of the fabled Franklin Expedition to the Arctic Circle. He died of lead poisoning at age 22 and was buried in the frozen tundra along with three others at the expedition's camp site. In the 1980s, his grave was exhumed by scientists in an attempt to discover the cause of the expedition's failure. When they opened the coffins and thawed the solid block of ice inside, they were astonished, and frightened, by what was inside. John Torrington stared back at them, literally. Frozen in a block of ice for over 150 years, the body was perfectly preserved. The only sign of decay, the shriving of the eyelids and lips. He still wore the cloths he died in, arms and legs still tied together to make burial easier.
Archaeologists were giving quite a terrifying shock when they removed the blankets that covered John Torrington's face. John Torrington was literally staring back at them. John's nose is actually dark due to the blue wool blanket that was placed over his face by the Franklin crew. The polka-dotted cloth around his head was originally to keep his jaw closed before rigor mortis.
John Hartnell, buried alongside Torrington, was also found to be perfectly preserved
11. The Beauty of Xiaohe (Lived 3800 years ago) : CHINA
In 2003, archeologists excavating China's Xiaohe Mudi Graveyards, discovered a cache of mummies including one that would become known as the Beauty of Xiaohe. Hair, skin and even eyelashes perfectly preserved, the woman's natural beauty is evident even after four millennia. Her coffin was a wooden boat, filled with small pouches that contained herbs. She was dressed in a felted wool hat, designated her status as a priestess, something rare with women. Lived more than 3,800 years ago, she was a village leader. Due to the natural salinity, aridity and freeze drying properties in the air, Xinjiang has produced some of the best naturally preserved mummies in the world, of which the Beauty of Xiaohe represents.
Few mummies are found with everything that was buried with the body. This one offers clues as to her identity.
12. The Cherchen Man (Died around 1000 BC) : CHINA
Finding this mummy forced historians to rethink what they knew about the interaction of Eastern and Western Civilizations. For this 3,000 year old mummy is caucasian yet he was discovered buried in China. One of several hundred mummies that are now known as China's Celtic Mummies. He was found alongside three women and a baby in Turkestan, China. The clothes he was wearing were equally as baffling and the mummy itself. Perfectly preserved, they were made of european wool.
DNA testing confirmed definitively that the Cherchen Man and those buried with him were indeed of European decent. Yet how he ended up in China is still an unsolved mystery. Carbon dating of items found in the tomb itself confirmed it was an ancient site and not a modern hoax. The dry salty air of the tomb is responsible for the perfect condition of the mummy and the artifacts which include wheat, wool cloths and blankets and even a baby bottle.
13. Ramesses The Great (1303 BC – 1213 BC) : EGYPT
Ramesses II was a pharaoh who dutifully served Egypt during the 20th dynasty. For over a millennium, scholars have fiercely debated the events leading to his death. Thankfully, his body was treated with a complex array of different treatments following his death that preserved his mortal remains. Many questions were answered after his tomb was unearthed. CT scans discovered a deep cut on his throat, 7 centimeters (2.7 in) in length and going almost to his spine. This cut would have severed not only his major blood vessels, but his esophagus and trachea as well, ending the reign of one of the last great pharaohs of Egypt.
14. The Wet Mummy (Lived 700 years ago) : CHINA
Submerged for 600 years in a water logged coffin, a remarkably preserved Ming Dynasty mummy was discovered not in some rural village or a long lost mountainside crypt but in the center of town during a construction project! The five foot tall woman was fully clothed and buried with many fine pieces of jewelry including a silver hairpin that still held her hair in place and a huge jade ring on her finger. Atop her wooden coffin was a simple silver medallion known as an Exorcism Coin placed there to protect the body from evil spirits.
A huge jade ring found on the mummy's hand.
She was discovered by accident under a construction site, immersed in a brown fluid that preserved her.
15. Otzi The Iceman (3300 BC -3255 BC) : ITALY
Ötzi the Iceman is a well-preserved natural mummy of a man from about 3300 BC (53 centuries ago). The mummy was found in September 1991 in the Schnalstal glacier in the Ötztal Alps, near Hauslabjoch, on the border between Austria and Italy. The nickname comes from Ötztal, the region in which he was discovered. He is Europe's oldest natural human mummy, and has offered an unprecedented view of Chalcolithic (Copper Age) Europeans. The cause of death was most likely a blow to the head. The body and his belongings are displayed in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano, northern Italy.
The Iceman how he was discovered in the Alps
16. The Grauballe Man (Late 3rd Century BC) : DENMARK
In the mid-20th century, several incredibly well-preserved bodies were discovered in a peat bog in Denmark. Among them, the Grauballe Man is the most fascinating. His still-haunted face, stark red hair, and perfectly discernible facial features also make him one of the most unsettling mummies to look at.Radiocarbon dating of his still-intact liver showed that he lived more than 2,000 years ago, and the evidence found with his body—or lack thereof—suggests that was killed as part of a sacrificial ritual. He died when he was about 30 years old, probably from a deep cut to the neck.
17. King Tutankhamun (1341 BC- 1323 BC) : EGYPT
He was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. Tutankhamun was 9 years old when he became pharaoh and reigned for approximately 10 years, until his death. Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings (where he still resides) was discovered by Howard Carter in 1922 almost completely intact — the most complete ancient Egyptian royal tomb ever found. Eternal life was the main focus of all Ancient Egyptians, which meant preserving the body forever. Egyptians mummified bodies because they believed in an afterlife. Believing that the afterlife was much like life in this world they had to preserve their bodies so they would be able to use them after they die.
His reconstructed face. While Tutankhamun may be the most famous mummy in the world, he certainly is not the best preserved.
Howard Carter discovers the long fabled tomb of Tutankhaman


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University of Tabasco
University of Chihuahua
Publication date: 2017-03-30
Acta Sci. Pol. Formatio Circumiectus 2017;16(1):223–236
A confluence is defined as a meeting point where two or more rivers merge to become the source for a new river. This river merge adjusts its geometric parameters depending of the characteristics of its confluent rivers, particularly wide and intersection angle. Based on this idea and supported by the availability of satellite images, in this paper we classificated 43 confluences located in Tabasco, Mexico. We considered the geometry (plan view) and the intersection angle as a key elements, and applied multivariate statistical analysys to did the clasification. Results shown three groups: I. Similarity between the width of the three rivers and intersection angle less than 80°; II. Similarity between the width of the three rivers and intersection angle between 80° and 160°; and group III. Similarity between the width of the main river (the largest confluence river) and the river merge, intersection angle less than 100°. Once this classification was done, next step is to do both hydraulic and sedimentological studies, to understand the integral behavior of the confluences and verify that the proposed classification, not only have geometrical similarities, but its hydraulic and sedimentological operation are also similar. Due to difficulty to study many confluences, the best way is to chosee the representative and analyze it. Here we proposed an alternative to do it, that can be useful for scientist, enginnerings and students interested in to study confluences.


text:
The graph illustrates how often and how strongly the wind blows from different directions through a typical June. The longest spokes point in the directions the wind most commonly blows from and the shade of blue implies the strength, with the strongest winds shown by the darkest shade of blue. It is based on 1594 NWW3 forecasts of wind since since 2006, at 3hr intervals, for the closest NWW3 model node to Angourie Point, located 13 km away (8 miles). There are insufficient recording stations world wide to use actual wind data. Without question some coastal places have very localized wind effects that would not be predicted by NWW3.
According to the model, the most common wind at Angourie Point blows from the E. If the rose diagram shows a close to circular outline, it means there is no strong bias in wind direction at Angourie Point. Converseley, dominant spokes illustrate favoured directions, and the more deep blue, the stronger the wind. Spokes point in the direction the wind blows from. Over an average June, the model suggests that winds are light enough for the sea to be glassy (pale blue) about 7% of the time (2 days each June) and blows offshore 24% of the time (7 days in an average June). In a typical June winds exceeding >40kph (25mph) are not expected, but 2 have winds on the range 30-40 (19-25) at Angourie Point
IMPORTANT: Beta version feature! Swell heights are open water values from NWW3. There is no attempt to model near-shore effects. Coastal wave heights will generally be less, especially if the break does not have unobstructed exposure to the open ocean.


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It seems appropriate that Ancestry.com chose April 15 to announce a new online database: U.S. federal income tax records. As part of an agreement in which the company paid $46,000 to the National Archives in Washington, Ancestry.com has digitized and indexed federal income tax records from 1862 through 1918.
The site's IRS Tax Records collection at _URL_ is an alphabetical listing of annual income as well as taxable possessions, such as Andrew Carnegie's gold watch and carriage. Another document shows President Abraham Lincoln's $25,000 income (about $566,000 today) for 1864, the year before his assassination. His tax bill: $1,296.
Andrew Carnegie earned $84,000 the same year, the equivalent of about $2 million today.
According to Megan Smolenyak, Ancestry.com's chief family historian, the government first imposed a federal income tax in 1862 on affluent families who made at least $600 annually. We can assume that very few families earned that enormous amount of money.
The money, collected by a commissioner of Internal Revenue, was to help fund the Civil War. Taxes were still modest compared with today, topping out at 10%. But by 1873, William Astor, then the richest man in the U.S., and a few of his old cronies had had enough. They sued the federal government, resulting in the federal tax being declared unconstitutional. Apparently, the income tax was reinstated later.
Does this mean that my descendants will be able to look at MY tax returns in the future?


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Butane Gas Stove in Senegal
Sukumar Devotta and Saroja Asthana
National Chemical Laboratory
Pune 411 008, India
Keywords: Senegal, technology diffusion, energy efficiency, cookstoves, fuelwood, N S
This is an energy sector case study and it involves Total, Totalgaz, the Senegal government, the European Development Fund, about 50 distribution companies, and local communities. The consumption of fuel wood was leading to deforestation and desertification in Senegal. But the introduction of butane as a household fuel with a suitable energy efficient stove helped to turn the tide. Since 1974, the sales of these stoves had enabled much of the population to benefit from this modern fuel. The programme has helped the government in reducing fuelwood energy consumption. The stoves are made by semi-industrial companies that also contribute to the economic development of the country.
Senegal is a small country in the African Sahel. For many years, Senegal had been trying to curb the logging that was seriously depleting the country's forests and its limited supply of wood fuel. The government had also tried several means of protecting the forest from the charcoal burners that supplied most of the fuel consumed by Senegal's urban population. Government tried reforestation, establishment of plantations, the introduction of better carbonisation techniques, improved household cooking stoves to make more efficient use of wood fuel supplies, and the substitution of wood fuels by peat, paraffin, and butane. However, these efforts met with limited success due to financial constraints and lack of follow-up actions. The only effort that produced a significant result was the promotion of butane as a household fuel with a suitable stove in 1974.
Totalgaz was a leader in the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) market. The Senegalese Government subsidised the use of butane gas and waived a levy on bottles or accessories. The subsidy fell from the equivalent of US$ 17 million a year in 1989 to less than US$ 5 million a year in 1992. The European Development Fund financed the three year Regional Gas Programme, from 1989 to 1992, with more than US$ 14 million. EDF also financed the training of workers in the region. As a result of this financing, the retail distribution has become a flourishing business. Butane was selected as the effective fuel because it was cheap and easy to transport. The first stove design made use of a 2.7 kg gas bottle. However, it was soon withdrawn because the stove could be knocked down easily and gas did not last for long. Total designed a new stove, which was simple to use, stable, cheap and met all the cooking requirements. The stove had a long lasting 6 kg valve type camper bottle, topped with a special burner. The unit cost in 1993 was the equivalent of US$ 16. This new gas stove, 'Nopale', was a success and is now an everyday part of the Senegalese way of life.
Technology cooperation had allowed Senegal to diversify energy sources as well as protect the environment. LPG is now widely used as the domestic fuel in place of wood and charcoal, reducing deforestation. Charcoal consumption of 400,000 tonnes a year was reduced to about 100,000 tonnes a year due to the butane programme, saving 20,000 hectares of Senegalese forests. Supply of LPG in the 6 kg bottle became a main activity of Totalgaz in Senegal. Sales of Nopale cooking gas rose from 402 tonnes in 1983 to more than 22,360 tonnes in 1994. The bottles and the burners for the Nopale were imported, but stands were made locally to reduce costs. The butane programme produced productive partnerships with local people and led to more job opportunities.
Technology transfer from a developed country partner to developing countries will be successful if the technology is wanted by the recipient countries. The oil company Total, the main stakeholder, had invested in developing a simple and new energy efficient cooking stove for the local market, which had become a part of every household. The close working relationship between the various stakeholders is an important issue, even if the technology being transferred is a simple one.
Mobil in Indonesia. 1995: In The Oil Industry Experience - Technology Cooperation and Capacity Building: Contribution to Agenda 21. UNEP and IPIEECA, London.
Other reports in this collection


Students Against Depression
Harmless support people and their families who have issues surrounding self harm in the UK with a range of user led solutions. They also offer services to local government and organisations wanting more information about this condition. They also manage the Tomorrow Project which is a support structure for people who have suicidal thoughts.
PAPYRUS (prevention of young suicide)
PAPYPRUS is a charity that works in suicide prevention for young people. They run a national helpline as well as text and email support services. They are staffed by a team of mental health professionals who provide practical help and advice to vulnerable young people and to those concerned about any young person who may be at risk of suicide.


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Why quitting email is good for your heart
Ignoring your email inboxes can reduce stress by having a positive effect on the heart, new research has suggested
But scientists say quitting email would be as difficult as giving up drugs.
According to some estimates, more than 200 billion e-mails are sent across the internet every day.
But while they may have improved communication speeds, there have been concerns that electronic messaging is detrimental to both physical and mental health.
To assess the effects, University of California researchers recruited 13 men and women who used computers in the workplace, ranging from chemical engineers to psychologists, the Daily Mail reported.
Speaking to The Times about her experiment University of California informatics professor Gloria Mark said, "I had this crazy idea that people were addicted to email."
"So I started thinking, the way you can test that is if you take people away from email cold turkey. You should see symptoms of withdrawal, the same way people are addicted to alcohol or drugs."
The volunteers were asked to ignore their ''you've got mail'' chimes for five days.
At the same time, software was added to their computers to measure how often they switched from what they were working on to their email inbox.
At day 5, the researchers noticed that the volunteers became less stressed after being away from email.
Another interesting thing is what people did to communicate without email. Nearly all participants reported getting up out of their office and walking around a lot more.
They interacted with people face to face, and they reported it as a benefit.
The study also suggested that limiting email access might boost workers'' concentration levels as study participants reported that they were more productive.
They said they were able to focus on tasks longer.
Post your views on the story - via your Facebook profile or using the comment box below


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Learn some pokie slang
Learn some pokie slang
Just like in a team of doctors or a motorcycle gang, the casino and gaming industry has its own jargon. The web is teeming with slang and short terms and every gaming category has its own language, with words that have acquired new meanings as well as brand new coined words. You may recognise terms such as 'paylines', 'scatter', 'paytable' and 'progressive pokies' – if not, it's high time you learned some pokieplayer slang.
Pokies – slot machines/web-based one-armed bandits
When you're playing online pokies, you are playing the modern-day equivalents of one-armed bandits. 'Slots' has become an internationally recognised term, even outside the English language and Pokies is used in Australia.
Paylines – the potential winning lines in pokies
Almost all modern pokies have been equipped with a certain number of paylines. A payline is a line in the pokie on which you want the winning symbols to stop. If the right number of winning symbols stop on a payline, you win! The number of paylines varies from machine to machine. The variation between two games can be as large as 20 to 30 paylines.
Paytable – a table of winning symbols and combinations
Every pokie has a paytable showing the winning symbols of the game and the value of each symbol. A paytable shows you how many winning symbols are needed in order to reach a certain prize.
Scatter & Wild – function-activating symbols
Scatter and wild are two types of function symbol, which activate the special functions of a game. The scatter symbol usually activates free spins and the wild symbol is usually seen as the joker card of a pokie. That means that it can be turned into a winning symbol, which can increase the frequency and amount of your winnings.
Progressive pokies – pokies where the jackpot keeps growing
As the name indicates, progressive pokies involve something that keeps on growing – namely the jackpot. This increases in size with the number of people playing the slot and the amount of money being put at stake, resulting in an ever-growing gold mine – until somebody wins it, of course.
Bonus game – an extra game within a game
Bonus games are commonly found in pokies. A bonus game is usually activated when two or three bonus symbols come up on the screen. As a rule, the bonus game is essentially a new game within the pokie machine and it is usually in keeping with the general theme of the slot.
Now that you've learned the most common slang terms and expressions, you'll have no problems keeping up with the jargon used by other online pokieplayers!


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The participants, aged between 18 and 30 years, will examine the environmental, cultural and socio-economic impacts of climate change on the Wadden Sea ecosystem, and use their experiences and acquired knowledge to encourage their peers to become environmentally responsible citizens.
The training, organized by the British Council in collaboration with experts from GRID-Arendal and with the support of Youth in Action, is taking place on Langeness, a low-lying island in the Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer National Park (Germany). By visiting the mudflats, saltmarshes and other ecosystems of the island and surrounding areas, the participants will learn about the challenges facing the Wadden Sea and sustainable development in this complex region.
A major emphasis of the training is peer-to-peer learning and networking. Together, the participants will share and develop ideas to respond to the complex issues and communicate their experiences through social media, newspapers and film. Participants will be encouraged to develop projects under the EU's Youth in Action programme, which will be implemented locally after their return. They will also become part of the British Council's global Climate Generation network, which empowers young people to bring about change locally and build the global movement towards a safer future.
The participants and trainers will be visiting the Multimar Wattforum (_URL_ from approximately 10 am to 4pm on Friday 27 April, and welcome visits by journalists or other individuals interested in this training. Please take contact beforehand with Julia (see below).
Björn Alfthan, Project Officer – Polar Programme, GRID-Arendal
T +47 907 34432, E _EMAIL_
Julia Rawlins, Head of Partnerships and Networks, British Council
T +49 30 311099 75, E _EMAIL_
Further info: GRID-Arendal delivers experiential, place-based trainings to youth and other groups, using sustianable tourism as a means for inspiring and educating people about issues affecting a particular region and the linkages to the rest of the world. Please visit _URL_ for further information.
The Wadden Sea is one of the most important inter-tidal zones of the world, playing host to millions of migratory birds each year. The effects of climate change are already being felt on this ecosystem. Credit: Peter Prokosch


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ARTHUR DOVE, FERRY BOAT WRECK, 1931
Think about abstraction.
Arthur Garfield Dove was one of the first American artists to explore abstraction. Ferry Boat Wreck is an abstracted version of a specific event; a shipwreck he witnessed near his home in Oyster Bay, Long Island. The dark forms of the sinking boat are outlined against a jagged strip of sand in the foreground and successive bands of waves that merge into clouds.
Ask students what the word abstract might mean. After discussing their ideas, let them know that abstraction refers to a work of art that is not recognizable as a picture of a person, place, or thing. Abstract art may reflect an emotion, a sensation, or an aspect of the real world that has been simplified, generalized, distorted, or rearranged.
Ask students to think about a recent event. How would they create an abstract image of that event?


An interactive lifesaving story
The project
Aidsfonds wants to enlist the Dutch public in the fight against AIDS, by drawing attention to their approach to find and help children with HIV. Through online interactive storytelling we reach out to the widest possible audience: everyone who wants to make the world a better place. Creating awareness and understanding are the primary goals, generating donations is secondary.
The result
We developed a mobile-first interactive experience to explain the strategy for helping children, showing step-by-step how the Aidsfonds' unique approach makes vulnerable children visible. The story has been split up in bitesize snackable portions with interactions and explanations that allow for delving deeper and understanding more of the strategy. Strong visuals and striking copy make a visceral impact on the viewer, whilst conveying a message of hope.
 - Honoree Lovie Awards
Story scoping
A story can be told in many ways and each topic brings its own challenges in communicating and convincing an audience. Through the course of multiple scoping sessions we searched through all sorts of (visual) storytelling. By picking the perspective of one persona we found the most appealing common thread to tell the story.
split image
Open your eyes
With the concept "Wie weg is, is niet gezien" (loosely translated as: "Out of sight, out of mind"), we make it tangible that finding the children is the first step in helping them. Throughout the story you can virtually open and close your eyes. With your eyes open you can see the results of the Aidsfonds strategy. Close your eyes and you see what happens when we lose the children out of sight.
In order to bring the content closer to the reader, we chose for a parallax storytelling page. By scrolling, moving images are interspersed with texts, bringing a complex and compelling story together in a clear, concise and poignant way.
Fullscreen image
On the page multiple interactives help bring the message closer to home. These fit into the way you are used to using your phone: accept a notification, click away a barrier and scroll through a calendar of medication. By doing this you experience the story in more ways than one and get closer to the content than by simply reading or watching passively.
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Making all sports on-demand
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Moroni 8: Baptism and Little Children
Book of Mormon Student Study Guide, (2000), 200–201
Do you know why children are not baptized until they are eight years old? Mormon explained the reason in a letter to his son Moroni. Moroni included that important instruction in his sacred record. Ponder Mormon's teachings and look for how they testify of the power of the Atonement of Jesus Christ.
Understanding the Scriptures
Moroni 8
Epistle (vv. 1, 6)Letter
Disputations (vv. 4–5)Arguments, contentions
Gross (v. 6)Serious, glaring
Whole (v. 8)Healthy
Solemn mockery (vv. 9, 23)Serious act of disrespect
Partial (vv. 12, 18)Unfair, biased
Respecter to persons (v. 12)One who does not treat every person fairly
In the gall of bitterness (v. 14)See the "Understanding the Scriptures" section for Alma 36:18 (p. 125)
Setteth at naught (v. 20)Declares powerless, considers as worthless
Moroni 8:8—"Law of Circumcision Is Done Away in Me"
See Bible Dictionary, "circumcision" (p. 646).
Moroni 8:8–24Baptism of Children
small child
In 1830 the Prophet Joseph Smith learned that "little children are redeemed from the foundation of the world" through Christ. They "cannot sin, for power is not given unto Satan to tempt little children, until they begin to become accountable before me" (D&C 29:46–47). A year later, in 1831, the Lord revealed to the Prophet that children are considered accountable at the age of eight years (see D&C 68:25–27).
Studying the Scriptures
Do activities A and B as you study Moroni 8.
Activity A iconWhat Could You Say?
Your neighbors are not members of the Church. Their newborn baby died suddenly. Review Moroni 8:5–22 and write a letter of comfort based on Mormon's teachings. Include Mormon's explanation as to why little children do not need to be baptized.
Activity B iconRelate the Scripture to a Story
Read Moroni 8:25–26 and list the principles that are illustrated in the following story:
Thomas was baptized last night. He is 19 years old and first heard about the Church from a friend at college. After the missionaries taught him, he gave up drinking coffee, tea, and beer. He enjoys coming to Church and has made new friends. His old friends say he has changed—that he is a bit more shy and thoughtful, more mature, but not any fun anymore. Thomas is looking forward to his life in the Church. He is hoping to go on a mission as soon as he has been a member of the Church a year, so he can help others find what he found.


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To truly learn, new information one must have the benefit of doing exercise and applying concepts to the subject. That's why virtual tech lab is so crucial. Unfortunately, for most students, the computer lab experience is limited due to time, space and financial constraints. Today virtual computer labs are becoming prevalent in organizations around the world, replacing conventional labs. These labs reduce training expenses, allow instructors to remotely monitor the progress of all learners, and enable them to use the facilities both before the course begins and after it is completed.
Learn how cloud-based computer labs can improve your training program _URL_


Vaping Relavant
 - Proper Tips for Vaping Outside During the Winter
 Proper Tips for Vaping Outside During the Winter
 If you're new to vaping, you probably aren't familiar with the struggle vapers face during the winter months. In addition to having to brave the cold every so often to enjoy your vape, the drop in temperature also complicates the mechanics of your device. Below are some helpful tips for vaping this winter.
 Winter Vaping Outdoors Tip #1: Keep Your E-Liquid at Room Temperature
 While stepping outside for a quick vape won't ruin your e-juice, prolonged exposure to the cold could cause the liquid to thicken. Avoid this by limiting the device's time in the cold or by keeping it warm in your hand. Otherwise you run the risk of not only thickening your liquid, but also damaging your coil.
 Winter Vaping Outdoors Tip #2: Protect Your Equipment from Moisture
 Remember that your vape is an electronic device and that, like all electronics, it doesn't mix well with moisture. By simply moving from the warm interior of your home to the freezing cold outside, condensation can form on the most sensitive parts of your vape. Take the necessary precautions by packing it in a protective carrying case to keep the moisture away.
 Winter Vaping Outdoors Tip #3: Limit Your Devices Exposure to Freezing Temperatures
 In addition to damaging your hardware, freezing temperatures can also do a number on your device's battery life. When batteries are exposed to the cold, it can cause lithium inside to create plating over the electrodes, thereby causing your device's battery to overheat or charge at a slower rate. If you absolutely must vape outside in the cold this winter, allow your device to acclimate to the warmth of your home before charging it.
 Final Winter Vaping Outdoors Tip: Avoid the Metal Drip Tip
 If you're a fan of metal tips, you may want to consider a nice plastic tip this winter. It could spare you from a rather painful realization. When freezing metal comes in contact with something warm and wet, it will very likely stick to it. The same principle applies when your mouth touches a metal tip of a vape. If you're not into plastic drip tips, you can always spring for one of the wooden or glass variety.
 Of course, you could always choose to vape inside your home to avoid exposing your device (and yourself) to the bitter cold.
 - What Makes A Cheap Vaping Coil Well...Cheap?
 What Makes A Cheap Vaping Coil Well...Cheap
 Vaping, atomizing, and electronic cigarettes are a relatively new yet revolutionary concept in self-medication practice. The benefits to vaping and using these products are expertly verified and quite varied as well. Within these various tools of the trade however lie crucial components, necessary to the act of mechanical vaping – our most beloved activity.
 Importance of the Coil
 Perhaps the most important of all of these components is the coil. This central part of the vaping mechanism is single-handedly responsible for the device's changeover of liquid to gas, and the subsequent presence of a usable vapor. This is true regardless of the coil class - MOD coils, portable vaporizer coils, or e-cig coils.
 Because of their crucial role to the entirety of the vaping experience, coils have thus become a matter of elevated interest. Particularly, there has been much more curiosity as to how these coils differ at different quality levels as well as how they function in the first place. To make it all easier to understand, let's break it down to the basics. The following may come as a bit of a science lesson to some, but we'll keep it brief, explaining the function of the coil as well as providing some basic insights into electricity itself.
 How It Works
 First, some basics about electricity will really help one to understand their coil and its quality. Electricity flows very well through particular metals. In other metals however, it struggles to flow as well and thus encounters what is referred to as "resistance". Resistance can be terrible in some applications. Here though, the concept of resistance is actually necessary.
 This is where the coil comes in. The coil acts as this aforementioned, metallic path of travel for the electricity generated by the device's battery. The electricity naturally wants to flow across the body of this part whenever the battery sends power to it. However, due to its finely crafted, intentionally resistant composition, the electricity must struggle to run through it.
 The result here is a controlled and focused heat point – a super-heated and very focused point on the coil in which this reaction takes place. Subsequently, the vaporizer's liquid solution is pulled across this finely focused heat source. This then creates the inhalable vapor ultimately sought.
 The Effect of Coil Quality
 As in all manufactured wares, costs are a big governor over quality in product when it comes to vaping coils. Regardless of the type of vaporizing mechanism, the core innerworkings of the coil are much the same. Variations in quality however change everything.
 How exactly does quality differ between coils? In most cases, cost-control dictates the type of metals and casting processes used in the creation of a coil. Overall quality in design is also touched by the consideration.
 In a low quality coil, the company has likely saved money on the mass production of its coil via the use of cheaper metals, manufacturing processes, and designs. The result is a coil that does not employ the optimal metal compositions or design for the optimal electrical resistance and resulting vaporization. Perhaps then the coil dies quicker because the metal couldn't withstand the constant and demanding electron travels across it. Maybe the coil only works intermittently, a sign of troubled travel of electricity through the cheaply-made design. Regardless of the symptom, coil quality greatly dictates effective and reliable vaporization in addition to actual occurrences of bad symptoms.
 These are the basics of the concept of the coil as well as the effects of quality on these crucial parts. Cheap coils will typically produce equivalent results while quality ones will do the same. To the benefit of the patron though, the wide variety in available choices here is always a plus.
 Whether you run a dripper or a tank, a regulated variable voltage/variable wattage device is a valuable addition to every vaper's arsenal. These devices give users the ability to adjust the wattage in order to tailor the heat and vapor output of the unit to their preference. Additionally, regulated devices eliminate voltage drop which plagues mechanical units.
 The Chain Reaction is a 50 Watt 26650 regulated device made by Amigo Itsuwa which features a durable yet sleek design. The attractive styling boasts a durable carbon fiber battery tube cover which compliments the stainless steel components and protects the copper battery tube and red bronze contacts. The OLED display is easy to read, and the software is intuitive.
 The device operates in the manner that all experienced vapers have come to expect: utilizing a power button which doubles as an on/off switch and two buttons for wattage adjustment from 7 to 50 Watts. The buttons offer satisfying tactile feedback and are of durable proven design. Disassembly of the unit is achieved by first unscrewing the bottom cap and removing the battery. The carbon fiber covered copper tube can then be unscrewed from the rest of the device, although this would be unnecessary for any purpose other than deep cleaning of the unit.
 Although the device will fire as low as 0.3 Ohms, the sweet spot for this device is between 0.5 and 0.8 Ohms for RDA's and will handle any sub Ohm tank currently on the market utilizing coils in the correct range. The Chain Reaction features an overload protection circuit and will also measure the resistance of the build placed on the sturdy non-adjustable 510 connection preventing any shorts or undue stress to the battery. The sensible range, combined with the 26650 battery, provides an all-day vape which will satisfy even the most habitual vaper's.
 The 26650 powered regulated devices offer the experienced vaper a sensible go-to device which will meet the needs of these advanced users. In the hands of an experienced user, these devices are safe and reliable when compared to the outdated technology previously available. As always, battery safety should be of paramount concern to any ambassador of the vape community in order to project a positive image of our hobby.
 - Key Differences Between Internal and External Battery MODs
 Key Differences Between Internal and External Battery MODs
 MODs have become all the rage and are used by millions of vapers as the next level in the world of vaping. These devices are available in different brands and they use different types of batteries. A MOD is the modification of the device that allows increased or decreased vapor production, battery life, and voltage usage. The main drive of battery operated MODs are to provide heat to the liquid solution, which comprises of vegetable & propylene glycol and nicotine. These devices are offered with diverse battery types and functions.
 Types of Internal and External Batteries
 The primary differences between internal and external batteries are internal batteries are built into devices and external batteries are removable. Internal battery type, lithium polymer, also know also known as LiPo is permanently installed in a MOD and isn't removable. The device must be thrown away when its natural life usage has expired. To recharge the battery, the vaper is advised to use a computer's USB port that provides additional safety features compared to a wall socket.
 External battery MODs are replaceable and available in Lithium IMR or Lithium Manganese (Li-Mn), IMR/Hybrid, and ICR Lithium Ion (Li-Ion). Lithium IMR is considered the safest


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Horticultural Crop Research & Development Institute
| Main | Services | Programme | Staff | Organogram | News & Events | Divisions |
The Horticultural Crop Research and Development Institute (HORDI) is vested with the responsibility of technology development concerning vegetables, fruits, root and tuber crops and floriculture. The research programme focuses on the development of improved crop varieties, new propagation methods, post harvest and food processing methods, the use of protected culture and ensuring better plant health with fewer defendants on chemicals.
Achieve excellence through development of horticultural crops for prosperity of the nation.
Function as the national centre for research and development of sustainable and productive technologies for horticultural crops to ensure economic and social development ofthe farmers, and other stakeholders.
The aim of HORDI is to generate and disseminate cost effective, eco-friendly and sustainable technologies that will increase productivity, improve quality, reduce post harvest losses and add value to the products of mandated horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, root and tubers and ornamental crops while ensuring sustainable use of natural resources.
History of HORDI
The Department of Agriculture was established in 1912 and the Division of Research was one of its important sections that provide scientific information for establishment of major plantation crops, tea, rubber coconut and other plants of economic and ornamental importance.
Three separate institutions for tea, rubber and coconut were established and thereafter the Division of Research in the Department of agriculture placed the emphasis on peasant agriculture and established the Central Agricultural Research Institute.
The foundation stone for new laboratories of the Central Agricultural Research Institute was laid in Gannoruwa on 21 June 1958 by the Honorable S.W.R.D Bandranayake. Honorable Dudley Senanayaka, late Prime Minister of Ceylon, formally declared the Institute open on 6th August 1967. Apart from the administrative Headquarters housed in the institute, there were Research divisions of Agricultural Botany, Agricultural Chemistry, Plant Pathology, Entomology, Horticulture, Food technology, Minor plantation crops, Tobacco & soil conservation and Statistics.
With re-structure of the Department of Agriculture, three national Institutes were formed in 1994 to conduct research and development activities on horticulture, rice & field crops. The Central Agriculture Research Institute at Gannoruwa was renamed as Horticultural Crop Research and Development Institute to carryout efficient and intensive research & development work on horticulture.
© 2006 Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka (DOASL), All rights reserved-Developed in association with ICTA.


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Playing Card Portraits
Essential Question: How is balance used to create visual stability in artwork?
MSDE State Standards:
- Standards: Standard 1.0:2-b Create narrative artworks from observation, memory and imagination that show settings, characters and action.
- Standard 2.0:2-b Plan artworks that use symbolic images and forms to convey selected beliefs, customs, or values
- Standard 3.0:3-b Demonstrate facility with selected processes to organize ideas in a visual composition.


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June 18, 2011
- pell-mell (adverb)
- What does it mean?
- 1 : in confusion or disorder2 : in great haste
- How do you use it?
- When it started raining, my brother and I ran pell-mell toward the house, dropping our stuff behind us as we raced to get under cover.
- Are you a word wiz?
Which of the following words do you think was formed in the same way as "pell-mell"?"Pell-mell" and "shilly-shally" were both formed by starting with one word, copying it with one slight change, then saying it again. Linguists call that process "reduplication," and it has given English terms such as "bow-wow," "helter-skelter," "flip-flop," and "walkie-talkie." "Pell-mell" started with an Old French version of the "mell" part, while "shilly-shally" (which means "to be unable to make up one's mind") began as a single-word compression of the question "Shall I?"


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Four Congolese children who receive food in school thanks to WFP. The red cups they use to eat their nutritious porridge are the symbol of WFP's Fill the Cup campaign to feed hungry school children all over the world.
(Copyright: WFP/Katherine Hodgeson)
There are now a billion malnourished people in the world, meaning that almost one sixth of humanity is suffering from hunger.
ROME – World Food Day (October 16) offered an opportunity to learn more about hunger and to join the fight against it. Individuals can do a lot to help fight hunger simply by being informed and spreading the word.
If World Food Day made you think, and you want to do something to help, try a few of the options below.
Tweetable hunger facts
Click on the facts above and access your Twitter account.
Want more ideas about what you can do online?
Go to _URL_
for a wider range of ways to raise awareness for the hungry billion.
Teachers and students
Schools, universities and colleges are especially important to WFP because the more people learn about hunger, the more likely it is that the problem will be solved.
1 Do the Hunger Quiz
Make sure you're up-to-speed on the issues by taking the Hunger Quiz at the bottom of this page. If you know the answers to these 10 questions, you're ready to explain 'hunger basics' to others.
2 Become a WFP Facebook fan
Are you on Facebook? Go to our page and become a fan. It's another way of keeping up-to-date on the issues and showing your support.
3 Tweet hunger facts to friends
Use Twitter to send the three facts you see to the right to a few friends. You're already helping inform the world about hunger.
4 Put a photo on the 'Wall'
If you want a cool gift for a loved one, think about this: honour them by making a donation and putting their picture on our Wall Against Hunger.
5 Play FreeRice online game
Go to FreeRice.com and play the popular quiz game. For every right answer, 10 grains of rice go to the hungry. It's the advertisers who pay, not you.
6 Play Food Force game
Download this compelling computer game, which means you take part in a simulation of WFP's life-saving work. Pass the link on to kids who may like it.
7 Get 'On the road' with WFP
Check out our On the road video blog. It'll show you what's involved in fighting hunger worldwide and help you understand why WFP does what it does.
8 Make a video about hunger
A budding film-maker? Make a 'short' video about hunger and enter our Hungerbytes competition. Prizes include a trip to the frontlines of hunger.
9 Make a meal with a dollar
Want something offline? How about cooking a meal for less than US$1. Invite your friends to join you, but tell them more than a billion people do this every day.
10 Tell a teacher about wfp.org
We would love to see hunger issues talked about more in school. Download some suggested lesson plans from _URL_-teachers and pass them on to a teacher you know.


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THE Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University's human movement science (HMS) department is spearheading a project aimed at promoting and encouraging an interest in physical education and active lifestyles for pupils at disadvantaged schools.
The department's PasSport to Health project, which was developed by lecturer Dr Cheryl Walter, is gaining momentum and is set to benefit both final-year HMS students as well as the schools the project adopts.
She said the project was initially developed to assist third-year students specialising in recreation and sports management to put their theoretical work into practice.
"What I have them do is write a proposal and obtain funding to assist a school. They then research the needs of that particular school in relation to promoting physical activity and finally they design an intervention to assist the school."
Three schools were adopted this year – St James High School in Schauderville, Nkululeko High School in KwaNobuhle and Woolhope High School in Malabar.
"For example, after researching the needs at Woolhope, we discovered that despite their huge open fields, the majority of pupils did not play any sport and most of them were not physically active, especially the girls," Walter said.
With R10000 raised from approaching various sponsors, the students bought a music centre, built an outdoor circuit and purchased various gym equipment.
"We will start a fitness club for the girls in the new year where they will do aerobics and taebo. Girls tend to enjoy the non-competitive activities more. We will also conduct workshops and get our biokinetics honours students to measure the pupils and compare their weight in relation to their height.
"Through this we will encourage the kids to be healthy and active again. Education is not complete without physical education."
Walter, a former pupil at Woolhope, said since the introduction of outcomes-based education, physical education had been phased out of disadvantaged schools and replaced with life orientation.
She said many disadvantaged schools did not prioritise physical education due to a lack of manpower and facilities.
"The World Health Organisation recommends that children should have at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day. Obesity is increasing and so is the risk of chronic illnesses at a younger age. Children are too interested in computer games, television and cellphones these days," Walter said.
Woolhope's sports coordinator, Dhanasagren Moodley, said the school's athletics tournaments had dwindled as most children were bused in from the townships and could not stay after school for practice sessions.
He said sport was optional and the majority of pupils did not take part.
Deputy principal Richard Jaran said the school hoped this would be the first step towards reintroducing physical education at the school.
"We have produced real sports stars in the past such as rugby player Mzwandile Stick and Haroon Lorgat who was [chief executive] at the International Cricket Council."


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The symptomatology of 34 cases of virologically proved type 11 adenovirus pneumonia was studied, 32 of whichwere compared with 197 cases of types 3 and 7 adenovirus pneumonia.
In 22 cases under 2 years of age the onset was abrupt with persistent high fever, listlessness, drowsiness, pallor and cold extremities followed by dyspnea and cyanosis on the 3rd to 6th day. 17 cases had dullness and 5 tubular breathing sound on chest examination. Heart failure developed in 12 cases, and edema, in 1.
The white blood cell count was slightly lower than normal. Roentgenologically, two fifths of the cases had patchy or confluent shadows in the left lower lobe or both lower lobes. Severe or fatal cases accounted for 24.1% of the total. The percentage of severe and fatal cases of type 11 adenovirus pneumonia was much smaller than that of type 7. The difference was significant. As compared with type 3 adenovirus pneumonia, the percentage of severe cases of type 11 was nearly equal to that of type 3.
Key wordsadenovirus pneumonia symptomatology of pneumonia
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Current Employment Opportunities
 - The Glendale Unified School District is an equal opportunity employer who serves a diverse community. GUSD does not discriminate in education programs and activities or in the employment of personnel and the process therein on the basis of race, color, religion (including religious dress and religious grooming), sex (including gender, gender identity, gender expression, as well as pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding or related medical conditions), national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, physical or mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, military status, veteran status, marital status, domestic partner status, sexual orientation or any other basis protected by applicable federal, state or local laws.
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Real estate market niche
This is the last in a three-part series about supercharging your real estate business with a marketing niche. Part I of the series discusses how selecting a niche helps you to grow your business. Part II explained how to identify potential niches. This final entry will help you evaluate a real estate market niche choose one that will work for you.
If you do a search on the internet, you'll find a wealth of information on how to determine the value of a market. The approach described below is a common sense way to evaluate a real estate market niche that doesn't require hiring a marketing agency to complete a six-month study.
Evaluate Your Niches' Potential
The first thing you need to do is evaluate the potential for each real estate market niche you identified.
 1. Identify the activity in the niche for the past year or two.
Naturally, the more information you have, the better your evaluation will be. Therefore, get as much information as you can. You'll need to pull information from your MLS and other resources, so first determine how you can identify the niche.
You'll need to use criteria that you can pull from the MLS as a start. For example, determine if you can use zip codes or subdivision names to describe your niche. In addition, think of the other fields you can use to filter transactions. For example, there may be a field agents use to identify the listing as an historical home or a waterfront property.
Make a chart, and for each transaction in the niche, identify:
 - The transaction – perhaps by address
 - The dollar value of the transaction
 - The agents involved in the transaction
 1. Determine if the niche is large enough to support you.
Total up the dollar value of the transactions in the niche. Then, ask yourself: "What if I could capture 5, 10 or 20 percent of the market? Would that allow me to reach my income goals?"
If the answer is that you'd need 50 or 75 percent of the market, you either need the capital required to keep going until you reach that goal, or you need to choose a more active niche.
 1. Real estate market nicheEvaluate your competition.
Look at the chart and sort it according to agent name, and calculate how much of the real estate market niche each agent has captured. For example, if there were 500 transactions and one agent did 10 transactions, that agent would have 2 percent of the market.
Look for trends. Does one agent have a large part of the market? Are there five agents that do the bulk of the transactions, then it falls off to a number of also-ran agents? If one agent has 90 percent of the market, you'd need have much more to offer to break in to that niche. But, let's assume that there are five agents that share the bulk of the transactions.
Your next step would be to research those agents. If you know some of them already, you've got a head start, but you'll still need to do some research.
 - Look at their websites. Do they promote themselves as experts in the niche you're evaluating?
 - What does their website tell you about how they brand themselves and how they sell their services?
 - Look at review websites like Facebook, Zillow and Trulia. Do they have a five star rating on those sites? What do their clients say they liked about their services.
 - Find out everything you can about each agent that would affect their strength as a competitor. Are they mid-career and picking up steam? Are they heading toward retirement? Are they brand new? How many transactions do they complete a year? Do they have any production awards?
After you've gathered information about a competitor, look for things that you do better than they do. Pay attention to any negative reviews to find out what people don't like about working with them. At that point, you should be able to make an educated guess as to how difficult it will be to break into the market.
Make a Choice and Go For It!
You can compare the information you gathered about each of your potential niches and make an informed choice to actively pursue the most promising. Once you've made that commitment, go all out. Brand yourself and your website for that niche and market to the people in that niche.
Finally, ask yourself this question: Would you rather have a small chance of getting a very small part of a huge market, or a good chance at getting a significant portion of a specialized market? When you become the go-to person in a niche, finding new clients will be a breeze – they'll come to you.
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The Cabri Water Loop Project is investigating the ability of high burn-up fuel to withstand the sharp power peaks that can occur in power reactors due to rapid reactivity insertion in the core. These are referred to as reactivity-induced accidents (RIA). The project stems from previous Japanese and French tests conducted on high burn-up pressurised water reactor (PWR) fuel that in a few instances exhibited failure at relatively moderate energy deposition levels. The Cabri project aims to extend the database for high burn-up fuel performance in RIA conditions and more importantly, to perform relevant tests under coolant conditions representative of PWRs.
The project began in 2000 and will run until 2015. The experimental work will be carried out at the Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN) in Cadarache, France, where the Cabri reactor is located. Programme execution can, however, involve laboratories in participating organisations (for instance, in relation to fuel characterisation or post-irradiation examinations).
Twelve tests are proposed as a basis for co-operation with IRSN partners in the Cabri Water Loop Project: these experiments include R&D tests, combined with suitable tests to validate the extrapolation to a broad spectrum of reactor cases. The experimental programme is being reviewed by the project steering bodies and consists (in principle) of the following series of tests:
Two tests have been carried out so far using fuel with very high burn-up and modern cladding materials. Subjected to energy injection beyond what is expected for power reactor cases, the two test fuel rods did not fail during the tests carried out in 2003. Planned future tests will aim to develop a consistent set of objectives and suitable fuel specimens. Post-irradiation examinations of the two tests that have been carried out so far were undertaken in 2004. They involved destructive examinations and investigated in particular the effect of hydrogen on cladding properties. The planning of future tests continues, with the aim of developing a consistent set of objectives and identifying suitable fuel specimens. Considerable progress was made on the refurbishment of the Cabri test facility and the preparation of the water loop installation, a process estimated to take three years to complete. The Cabri tests will in the future be complemented by additional RIA tests carried out in the the Japanese Nuclear Safety Research Reactor (NSRR).
The data abstract is public.
EUR 74 million
Last reviewed: 19 March 2012


How do you move a button in an Elementor?
Click and hold your left mouse button on the handle of the section you wish to move. While you continue to hold the mouse button down, drag the section to its new location. When you see the blue line appear in the correct place, let go of the mouse button.
How do I use buttons in Elementor?
Button Widget
 1. Type: Select from 5 styles of buttons to begin your design. …
 2. Text: Enter the button's text.
 3. Link: Set the URL for the button's link. …
 4. Alignment: Align the button to the left, center, right, or justified in relation to its column.
19 нояб. 2020 г.
How do you change a button in an Elementor?
Open Elementor content editor and find Button widget through a search bar. Once done, drag it to the layout. Go to the Content tab to choose the type and text of the button, as well as inserting a link into the appropriate field. To make the link properly work, press the button next to the link.
How do I center a button in an Elementor?
In Elementor, select the section for which columns you want to vertically align so that a new dashboard on the left will emerge with the element's settings. 2. In Layout tab, set the Column Position option to Middle, if you want to vertically align the columns of the section.
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Is Elementor drag and drop?
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Use of Fixed-size controls in Elementor Button widget
When you will add the button widget you will get a new option of FIxed Size in style tab of the button widget. From there you can add your fixed height and width for your button.
Can not edit with Elementor?
If you get a blank page (white screen of death) when you try to edit with Elementor, it might be due to a lack of memory or to another fatal error. In this case, check if you meet the system requirements for Elementor. If the problem is a memory issue, you can deactivate a few plugins and see if it solves the issue.
To setup these links:
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4 дек. 2018 г.
How do I use shortcodes in Elementor?
after a whole day of google and youtube videos I found out how to do it:
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 2. open the page (you want the code inserted) with FREE elementor.
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 4. add shortcode button from the elementor section.
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How do you add a column in an Elementor?
Please note: If you only want to add a column to your section, right-click the column handle > Add New Column. You can add up to 10 columns. The Inner Section widget use is to create nested columns within a section. This way you can create complex layouts.
Does Elementor slow down your site?
Is Elementor slow? Elementor adds extra CSS and JavaScript which can slow down your site. Their code also uses many divs. Coupled with premium Elementor plugins, this can make your site slower.
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Signal Separation - II
Doktorsavhandling, 1997
Signal separation is a signal processing technique which enables the separation of superimposed signals. There are several practical situations were signal separation can be used, for example in noise reduction for cellular phones subject to background noise. The present thesis contains an overview of the signal separation topic along with papers on the subject. The included papers are to a large extent concerned with the two-input two-output case. However, the more general multi-input multi-output case is also treated. There are several techniques for deriving algorithms for signal separation. The present thesis exploits three techniques; 1) an ad-hoc system of difference equations; 2) criterion based optimization; 3) solving a system of non-linear equations. In the present thesis, second order statistics is mainly used. It is shown that second order statistics suffice for dynamical signal separation. In several instances it is verified that the problem at hand is parameter identifiable for large classes of channel systems using second order statistics. Furthermore, it is shown that the estimates are consistent given certain conditions. The local convergence to the solution representing separation is also treated. The local convergence analysis reveals that local convergence is linked to; 1) positive realness; 2) channel systems with a linear phase determinant. The performance of the presented algorithms can be evaluated using the Cramér-Rao lower bound. This bound is derived for the multi-input multi-output problem. Online monitoring can also be used to verify the performance of a signal separation algorithm. Two such monitoring schemes are derived based on the mutual information and the chi square-test.
local convergence
mutual information
chi square test
signal enhancement
parameter identifiability
source separation
signal separation
Ulf Lindgren
Institutionen för tillämpad elektronik
Elektroteknik och elektronik
Doktorsavhandlingar vid Chalmers tekniska högskola. Ny serie: 1284
Mer information


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Suppose I'm instructing people to learn Chinese kungfu and I ask them to look at the direction, downward and forward(it's the movement of their eyes).
If I want to say "look forward and look downward at the same time", can I express it in the following way?
"look forward and downward."
I don't know if it's natural in English. If not, how should we say? Thank you in advance.
share|improve this question
Perhaps look straight down. Hmm, that doesn't sound quite right. – Damkerng T. Dec 17 '13 at 9:13
You might be interested in our related site: English Language Learners – Matt Эллен Dec 17 '13 at 9:14
Thank you. But can I say "look down in front of you" or " the flying insect is straight down (as you said) – longxianchen Dec 17 '13 at 9:29
I think straight down often implies below your feet (if you were standing). – chaosamoeba Mar 11 at 18:09
1 Answer 1
You can use either "look forward" or "look downward" in English but the instruction "look forward and downward" is a little confusing because the directions are considered somewhat different from each other.
Another complicating factor is the idiom, "forward and upward" which isn't directly related to physical directions. If you were to say "forward and downward" many people would associate the phrase with the idiom and assume you were invoking some form of wordplay.
The alternative you mention in the comments is much more clear:
Look down in front of you.
This is a relatively common expression and means exactly what you want it to mean. You can also omit "down":
Look in front of you.
Most English speakers will look slightly ahead of themselves and then scan downward looking for the intended object.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Theory of Knowledge
The theory of knowledge (TOK) course plays a special role in the DP by providing an opportunity for students to reflect on the nature, scope and limitations of knowledge and the process of knowing. In this way, the main focus of TOK is not on students acquiring new knowledge but on helping students to reflect on, and put into perspective, what they already know. TOK underpins and helps to unite the subjects that students encounter in the rest of their DP studies. It engages students in explicit reflection on how knowledge is arrived at in different disciplines and areas of knowledge, on what these areas have in common and the differences between them.
The aims of the TOK course are:
 - To encourage students to reflect on the central question, "How do we know that?", and to recognize the value of asking that question.
 - To expose students to ambiguity, uncertainty and questions with multiple plausible answers.
 - To equip students to effectively navigate and make sense of the world, and help prepare them to encounter novel and complex situations.
 - To encourage students to be more aware of their own perspectives and to reflect critically on their own beliefs and assumptions.
 - To engage students with multiple perspectives, foster open-mindedness and develop intercultural understanding.
 - To encourage students to make connections between academic disciplines by exploring underlying concepts and by identifying similarities and differences in the methods of inquiry used in different areas of knowledge.
 - To prompt students to consider the importance of values, responsibilities and ethical concerns relating to the production, acquisition, application and communication of knowledge.
Students are required to complete two assessment tasks for TOK.
 - Theory of knowledge exhibition.
 - Theory of knowledge essay on a prescribed title.


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With the rapid pace of technology innovation, it's no surprise that today's fabs are continuously adapting, innovating, and transforming. They see huge opportunities to leverage and advance the latest emerging high-growth areas of Enhanced Reality, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Automotive, and 5G. At the same time, they still need to keep pace with the conventional growth in demand as computing becomes pervasive in all aspects of day-to-day life.
Fabs should embrace digital technologies across the supply chain ecosystem to become a truly digitally connected and digital-led smart fab.
Key challenges and priorities
To realize full potential, fabs and ecosystems, must evolve from conventional structures to modern technologies. Doing this means taking aim at certain areas across fabs and ecosystems that face major challenges. We have identified 7 pivotal focus areas to consider:
People and skills
Fabs need to find the right people with the right expertise or equip existing talent with the skills to handle changing digital technologies.
Chips are requiring more advanced nodes and complex designs, resulting numerous challenges like high costs, slow maturity and high turnaround times.
Deploying new technologies into production takes time and smaller chip sizes can increase challenges due to limitations in Moore's Law.
Industries require reliable chips but traditional checks can be ineffective in detecting defects, making quality ripe for advanced digital tools.
Chip shortages have extended lead times and made sourcing materials complex, resulting in supply chain disruptions a priority for manufacturing.
Multiple integration technology packages pose a challenge for traditional design tools forcing design teams to verify and optimize their system.
Semi manufacturing is responsible for major water consumption and chemical emissions. Smart fabs can track power, emissions and water usage.
Fab of the future – making Industry 4.0 live
This digital framework example points out a few approaches that can be applied to optimize end-to-end value chain across the build, operate and maintain phases. An overarching Manufacturing Collaboration Tower can enable fabs to open new business value.
How to become a fab of the future
The destination to become a fab of the future may require driving toward 3 key imperatives. One of the most critical is Digital Manufacturing Analytics which is an integral capability into all digital solutions to help drive actionable insights and sets the stage for the other imperatives. Another vital imperative is a Manufacturing Collaboration Tower to actively monitor and control end-to-end internal manufacturing operations.
These imperatives along with several others enable smart fabs that apply solutions can set a vision for the future.


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This is a brand new Canadian genealogy database from Library & Archives Canada.
In 1789, what is now the Province of Ontario was part of Quebec. It was divided into four districts: Hesse, Luneburg, Mecklenburg and Nassau. The Land Boards were created in 1789 to oversee land matters and facilitate settlement in the four districts.
This research tool includes more than 16,400 references to the Upper Canada Land Board records.