International Boxing Union (1911–1946)
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The International Boxing Union (IBU) was created June 1911 in Paris, France. It was the first attempt to create a unified international governing body for professional boxing.[1] Signators of the Protocol for the IBU were: Paul Rousseau (President of Fédération Française de Boxe et de Lutte) for France; Fred Tilbury (an Englishman, Master of Boxing, and President of Fédération Belge de Boxe) for Belgium; and Victor Breyer (President of Société Française de Propagation de la Boxe Anglaise), having an official mandate by the New York State Athletic Commission, and consequently acting on behalf of some American boxing authorities. Switzerland joined the IBU in November 1913. Denmark, the Netherlands, Italy, Sweden, Norway, Brazil, Argentine, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom also signed up.[1] By 1922, the UK had withdrawn support, and the US were never fully committed.[1]
The IBU suspended operations with the outbreak of World War I, but resumed action on February 5, 1920—this time headquartered in Paris. Eventually, by the end of 1942, the IBU was in the hands of the Nazis and Fascists, who transformed it into the "Associazione Pugilistica Professionistica Europea" (APPE). By December 1, 1944, the IBU/APPE was dormant. In 1946, from the ashes of the APPE, the European Boxing Union (EBU) came into being.
 1. ^ a b c Mee, Bob (1978) Boxing: Heroes & Champions, ISBN 978-_PHONE_, p. 10


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Creating and Inserting an Image
You will now create an image to display on your page. Because
your clients don't want to deal with any copyright issues, they have requested
that you design an image that will represent their company. The Web only supports
two graphic types for inline images: GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) and JPEG
(Joint Photographic Experts Group). Of these, the GIF file format is the more
common on the Web. We will first create an image in Flash that does not save
files in the GIF format. You will be instructed later in this activity on how
to change this image to a GIF format that compresses the size of the image file.
First, open Flash from your program files. You will first create
the image below to get acquainted with the variety of drawing tools available
in this program. You will then create your own image for this Web page.
- Once Flash is open, click File then New. A blank canvas
- Select the oval or type the letter O, then place your cursor
on the canvas to begin your image. While holding down the left mouse button,
drag your cursor to open your circle. You will notice that the color of your
circle is not yellow, so you will need to change it. To do this, you must
select the circle first.
- Either click on the arrow button on your drawing toolbar
or press the letter A. Click on the circle to select it.
- Select the paint can, then on the black square under the
hand button. This will open the color palette. Choose the yellow color you
want which will then close the color palette. Notice that your cursor has
turned to a paint can.
- Click on the circle, then choose the arrow tool again and
click off the circle to deselect it.
- To create the eyes, choose the oval tool again and make
one small circle on the canvass, not on the yellow circle, and color it black.
To ensure that both eyes appear the same, we will just copy the finished product.
- Once you have the eye the way you want it, you need to select
it in order to copy and paste the second eye on your canvas.
- Choose your arrow tool and double click on your small black
circle. Notice that it appears gray that lets you know that it is selected.
Click on edit then copy then edit, paste. Your copy now appears somewhere
on your canvas and it now appears selected. Left click on the second circle
and while holding down your left mouse, drag it where you want it to appear
on your yellow circle.
- Double click on the copied black circle to select it, then
drag it on the yellow circle where you want it to appear.
- To create the hat, click the line tool or click the L key.
Position your cursor on top of the yellow circle where you want your line
to start and while holding down your left mouse button drag it to where the
top point of the hat will appear. Release your mouse button to let Flash know
that is where you want the line to stop. Press down your left mouse button
again and drag it back down to your circle to form the triangle shape of the
hat. Release your mouse button.
- Next you will pick a gradient color to fill the triangle.
Follow the same directions above for coloring your circle, but choose the
gradient color to add fill color to the hat.
- To create the tongue, choose the oval tool again but drag
it to form an oblong circle. Make sure you draw it on your canvas and not
on your image. Choose a light pink color for the fill. Your tongue still might
need some molding to get the right shape. In order to alter the shape, click
again on your arrow button, then place it over the shape. Notice the half
moon shape behind the cursor. With the half moon displayed, hold down your
left mouse button and drag the line to get the shape the way you want it.
If you make a mistake, choose edit then undo.
- The last to add to your image is the hair. You will use
the paintbrush tool. After clicking on the paintbrush, you will need to select
the fill color, paint size, and paint shape. Below the color palette, drop
down the size and shape menu and play around with what each of these selections
will do. Make sure you draw outside the image on the canvas. Try to get the
shape of the hair the way you want. Remember you can use the copy, paste,
or arrow selection to achieve your desired outcome.
- When you have the image the way you want it to look, you
will cut and paste it in fireworks to change the file format of the object.
First you must marquee the object by using the arrow key. With the arrow key
selected, click on the outside upper left corner of your object, hold down
the left mouse key, then drag a box around your image. Make sure all your
image is inside of the square. Click edit then copy (you can cut the object
if you are brave at heart), open Fireworks from the programs menu, then click
file then new. The program should already calculate the image on the clipboard
and will give you the default canvas size. Click the transparent background
button then click OK. On the standard toolbar click edit then choose paste.
The image should now appear on the canvas.
- To make sure that your image is the size appropriate for
your page, click modify on the standard toolbar then select document then
image size. Change the width size to no larger than 85 pixels, or even smaller
depending on your image then click OK.
- To change the file format, click file then export preview.
Make sure GIF format is listed in the preview dialog box.
- Choose index transparency so your image will
be all that appears when you place it on your Web page.
- You also change the color by clicking the color in the palette
that you want to change and click on the color wheel and choose the color
you wish to replace it with. Notice that when you run your cursor over the
image, it places an X in the color box that represents the color in the image.
Feel free to change colors in the image to get the best results.
- Click export, type in a name for your image.
Fireworks will automatically add the GIF file format extension
to your image.
- Choose your student folder and name your file smileface,
then click save. Your image is now ready to place on your Web page.
You will now create your own image for this Web page activity.
Start a new file in flash and experiment with other drawing features in flash
to create an image that will reflect the stupid company image. Follow the directions
above to convert the image to a GIF format and save it to your student folder.
With this image in your student folder, you will now place
it on your Web page. You will place the image after your paragraph. Place your
cursor after the closing paragraph tag and press the enter key to start a new
line. The general syntax for an inline image is:
The filename is what name you assigned your image
when you saved it. You will center the image on the page. You will nest the
image tag within a paragraph tag and then set the alignment property to center
it in the opening paragraph tag. Return to your text editor with the plainstupid
file open. Make sure your image file is also in your student folder or you will
have to specify the path to where your file is located, which will be discussed
later. Type the following on your new line:
Save your document and reload it in your browser.
If your image appears to be too large for the page, resize your image in Fireworks
following the instructions above and resave it. Continue until you get the image
the size you want.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Viewing 19th Century Courts Category (2) found:
The author of this paper was Loren Warren Collins, who served as associate justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court from 1887 to 1904. He died before he could finish it. It was to be a longer, written version of a speech he gave in 1911 to the Hennepin County Bar Association on the history of the bench and bar in Minnesota. His son, Louis L. Collins, gave a draft of the paper containing his father's handwritten additions and corrections to the Minnesota Historical Society on January 9, 1913.
This article is an important resource because it lists the names and years of service of all men who served on the supreme court from statehood to the early twentieth century, the clerks and reporters of the supreme court, and the judges of the nineteen judicial districts. It appeared as a chapter in a multi-volume history of Minnesota which was edited by Lucius F. Hubbard and Rerturn I. Holcombe, and published in 1908.


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REJECT THE UN'S LAW OF THE SEA TREATY
The sensational headlines say, "Russian Arctic Team Reaches North Pole" or "Russia Claims North Pole." But the U.S. was there first – back in the early 1900s. America, not Russia, has a valid claim to the North Pole.
The controversy is not about a block of ice. Because arctic sea ice is melting, opening up new passageways for ships, there is an opportunity to explore for natural resources absolutely vital to the U.S. economy. Exploiting the seabed for oil and gas and other resources could help free us from dependence on foreign nations.
Press reports indicate that Russia is claiming ownership of 460,000 square miles of Arctic territory - and its huge reserves of oil and gas. Yet, the U.S. State Department wants to turn the whole matter over to the United Nations.
State Department officials, led by Condoleezza Rice's top lawyer, John B. Bellinger III, are telling the press that the U.S. should immediately ratify the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in order to contest Russia's claim to the seabed under the North Pole. They seem to have forgotten that the U.S. Navy's first nuclear submarine, the USS Nautilus, passed under the North Pole on August 3, 1958, and its second Commanding Officer, Commander William R. Anderson, claimed the region "For the world, our country, and the Navy." He wrote the book, "First Under the North Pole," about the secret mission called "Operation Sunshine." President Eisenhower sent the message, "Congratulations on a magnificent achievement. Well done."
While the Russians are claiming to have traveled to the Arctic Ocean floor at the North Pole in a submarine and planted their flag on August 2, the Nautilus reached the geographic North Pole almost 50 years ago. A second submarine, the Skate, actually surfaced at the Pole.
Before the Nautilus, of course, two American explorers, Dr. Frederick Cook and Robert E. Peary, a U.S. Navy commander, led missions that reportedly reached the Pole in 1908 and 1909. On the Peary mission, it was his aide, Matthew Henson, a black explorer, who planted the American flag in the ice. A website in his honor refers to him as the co-discoverer of the North Pole and a U.S. postage stamp recognized their achievement.
Henson's important role in this mission was recognized by President Reagan, who granted a petition to move Henson's remains to Arlington National Cemetery near Washington, D.C. In 1996, a Navy ship, the USNS Henson, was named for him and he remains a role model for and hero to African-American young people.
At a Matthew Henson Remembrance Ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery on November 21, 1998, Rear Admiral Jerry Ellis, the Oceanographer of the Navy, described Henson as "the man who stood first at the world's northernmost point of land, who held the American flag at 86 degrees, 6 minutes north, who suffered the hardships of that frightful march to the North Pole, when dogs were used for food, and sledges burned for fuel."
So why isn't the State Department reasserting American sovereignty over the region? It's because Bellinger, and so many other State Department lawyers, are committed to "international law" and treaties which regulate and restrict what the U.S. can do.
You can stop this thievery. Call the Capitol at _PHONE_. Ask for your Senator and ask that he oppose the U.N. Law of the Sea Treaty.
Russians Give Credit to America
There is still a dispute over who got there first, and how close they actually came to the Pole, but Russell W. Gibbons of the Frederick Cook Society, notes that Soviet/Russian encyclopedias and authorities give Cook credit for discovering the Pole. The website of the Cook Society features a quotation from Dr. V.S. Koryakin, Polar historian of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as saying in 1993, "There is no ground to question the validity of Dr. Cook's assertion that he reached the North Pole."
So the Russians have conceded that an American was there first!
The current controversy has been prompted by the Russians planting a flag on the ocean floor under the Pole and claiming the area under UNCLOS. The press has been full of sensational stories about how this big show will supposedly enable the Russians to exploit the oil and gas said to lie under the Arctic Ocean and how the United States, which has not ratified UNCLOS, will be left out of the race for the black gold. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov says the Russian moves are part of a plan under UNCLOS to claim the territory.
State Department legal adviser John B. Bellinger III was quoted by USA Today's Barbara Slavin as saying that the Senate needs to ratify UNCLOS so the U.S. can submit a claim to the arctic seabed up to 600 miles off the coast of Alaska. He noted the U.S. doesn't have a seat on the U.N. commission that establishes such claims.
The paper neglected to point out that the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, which Bellinger is referring to, has 21 members, including Russia and China, and can not be counted on to rule in our favor.
Tom Casey, deputy State Department spokesman, said that the U.S. would have to respond – but only through the U.N. treaty process. He said, "...the Russian Government is pursuing a claim under their right to do so as members of the Law of the Sea Convention. This is something that unfortunately, the United States is not in a position to do because we have yet to ratify that convention and it's one of the reasons why we are interested and supportive of having that treaty be ratified by the U.S. Senate."
More Lawyers, Not More Ships
So rather than rely on U.S. military might, including Navy and Coast Guard ships, in order to safeguard U.S. rights in the Arctic, the State Department wants to depend on a 21-member U.N. commission dominated by countries who cannot be counted on to defend our interests.
There used to be a time when U.S. ships were the law OF the sea. But now, because of the decline in Navy ships from 594 under President Reagan to only 276 today, the State Department wants to depend on a U.N. treaty to give us the rights we previously exercised on our own behalf.
This was admitted by Susan Biniaz, an Assistant Legal Adviser in the U.S. Department of State, who told an American Enterprise Institute panel discussion on July 17 that, "We don't have the capacity to be challenging every maritime claim throughout the world solely through the use of naval power. And [we] certainly can't use the Navy to meet all the economic interests."
This means the State Department will "challenge" Russia's claim to the North Pole through UNCLOS.
It would be nice if our State Department lawyers had some knowledge of history and American claims to the region. Unfortunately, our media are similarly ignorant.
A survey of press coverage of this controversy turned up only one story, distributed by the Associated Press, which mentioned the Cook and Peary missions to the Pole back in the early 1900s.
But rather than claim the entire area – based on the Cook, Peary/Henson and Nautilus expeditions – the State Department wants to dicker with the Russians, Chinese and others through a U.N. Commission.
Rather than build more ships, the State Department plans to hire more lawyers to make our case before the foreign judges at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. It has 21 judges from such countries as Russia, China, and France.
UNCLOS regulates "military" and "peaceful" activities on the high seas and restricts industrial activity on land that could contribute to pollution in the oceans. It calls the oceans the "common heritage of mankind," a Marxist concept that takes away the right of nation-states to exploit the resources for their own benefit. It gives countries their own natural resources within 200 miles of their coast and allows them to claim more only if they can prove their continental shelf extends further into the sea. The Russians are insisting there is an underwater ridge that extends from the Siberian shelf below the Pole.
Russian claims in this area are so flimsy that they were rejected before – by the U.N. itself. The proceedings of the U.N. Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf demonstrate that Russian claims about the outer limits of the continental shelf in the Arctic and Pacific oceans were considered during a series of meetings in 2002 and they was told to make "revised" submissions. That is, the Russian case was weak.
The proceedings also show that the U.S., despite not having ratified the treaty, provided information, along with Canada, Denmark, Japan, and Norway, rebutting the Russian claims. So we already have the "seat at the table" that treaty proponents say we can only get through ratification.
Because of the melting ice, U.S. and other ships can now navigate what is called the Northwest Passage. The U.S. made an arrangement with Canada for these rights and the U.N. did not need to become involved. What's more, there already exists an Arctic Council of 8 countries, including Russia, which exists to resolve disputes.
It would be tragic if the recent Russian mission, which was clearly a stunt, prompts the Senate to ratify a treaty whose effect would be to diminish and even discredit the work of the courageous American explorers and military personnel who


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Are Tagalog and Cebuano different a lot??
I learned a few Cebuano sentences. To learn Cebuano is a little hard for non-pilipino living abroad.
If I learn Tagalog, will it be easy to understand Cebuano?
Would you let me know how different they are, and the followings are?
- Lunch time - beniudo
- What is this? - Unsa man ni?
- How much? - Pila?
- How old are you? - Pilay imong iran/idad?
- Where are you going? - Asa ka padulong?
- Do you understand? Nakasabot ka?
Salamat Kaayo.
(I'm not even sure if they are correct. ^^;;;)
For learning: Filipino (Tagalog)
Base language: English
Category: Language
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 yes, they totally are different from each other. although, while the 'cebuano' dialect is becoming more popular across our country, many tagalog speakers (i.e. those living in Luzon area) would somewhat understand some of its words since they have a bit similarities. like for instance (from your example:
 idad = edad (tagalog) - age
 ini = ito (tagalog) - this (although they don't rhyme at all, it's just that it so popular).
 salamat = salamat.
 honestly, I'm not a Cebuano but I do understand some of their dialect. But since "tagalog" is the main language used in our country, I guess you should focus yourself studying 'tagalog' before learning 'cebuano' or other filipino dialect.
 good luck to you.
 Yes, Tagalog and Cebuano are different... And based on what Romulus said, "ini" for Cebuano, and "ito" for Tagalog, "ini" is also used by the Kapampangans, native people from Pampanga, a province located in Luzon, Philippines... There are lots of other dialects used in our country but Filipino (Tagalog) is our national language.
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(redirected from Lactobacillus helveticus)
Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia.
n. pl. lac·to·ba·cil·li (-sĭl′ī′)
Any of various rod-shaped, oxygen-tolerant anaerobic bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus that ferment sugars to lactic acid and are used in the production of certain foods such as yogurt, sauerkraut, and pickles.
n, pl -li (-laɪ)
(Microbiology) any Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus, which ferments carbohydrates to lactic acid, for example in the souring of milk: family Lactobacillaceae
(ˌlæk toʊ bəˈsɪl əs)
n., pl. -cil•li (-ˈsɪl aɪ)
any of various anaerobic bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.lactobacillus - a Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium that produces lactic acid (especially in milk)
genus Lactobacillus - type genus of the family Lactobacillaceae
acidophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus - a bacterium that is used to make yogurt and to supplement probiotics
n lactobacilo
References in periodicals archive?
Each probiotic is of the highest quality and the formula for the product includes: Saccharomyces boulardii, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Bifidobacterium breve, among others.
The researchers fermented soy milk at 42 C for approximately 4 hours to produce soy yogurt--sogurt--with the combined probiotics of Lactobacillus helveticus B02, Streptococcus thermophilus IFFI 6038 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus AS1.1482.
Heterofermentative pattern and exopolysaccharide production by Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC 15807 in response to environmental pH.
To underline the importance of beneficial bacteria on mood, human studies on the combined administration of two unique probiotics, Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175, have demonstrated a 50% decrease in depression scores and a 55% improvement in anxiety scores.
Bacteriocin PJ4 active against enteric pathogen produced by Lactobacillus helveticus PJ4 isolated from gut microflora of wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus): partial purification and characterization of bacteriocin.
Suskovic, "Functionality of the S-layer protein from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus helveticus M92," Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, International
-- * Lactobacillus casei/paracasei 8.3 1 Lactobacillus helveticus -- Lactobacillus gasseri 8.3 1 Lactobacillus spp.
Four strains of lactic acid bacteria were used in this study: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus KLDS, Lactobacillus helveticus IMAU70129, and Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 previously isolated from commercial products by Cruz-Guerrero et al.


text:
A new study shows that inheritance may be the cause for the rise in diabetes in the U.S.
Scientists are studying additional forms of inheritance, besides DNA, like metabolic programming, which can occur in the womb or shortly after birth, and causes permanent changes in metabolism.
Researchers in the study looked at mice with diets high in saturated fat and studied the results in the mice and their offspring. They found that a high-fat diet brought on type 2 diabetes in the adult mice.
If a pregnant female mouse stayed on a high-fat diet, their offspring had a greater chance of developing diabetes, even when given a moderate-fat diet.
Researchers say that these studies have only been tested on mice, so there's no further reason as of yet to warn mothers to eat differently during pregnancy. Even mated with healthy mice, the next generation offspring could develop diabetes as well.
This study was published in the September issue of the Journal of Lipid Research.
Source: Journal of Lipid Research


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Family that rose to international prominence in the 19th–20th centuries. The first Battenbergs were a family of German counts that died out c. 1314; the title was revived in 1851. In 1917 the family members who lived in England renounced the German title of prince of Battenberg and adopted Mountbatten as a surname (mount being a translation of Berg). Prominent members of the family included Philip, duke of Edinburgh, and Louis Mountbatten.
Variants of BATTENBERG FAMILY
Battenberg family or Mountbatten family
This entry comes from Encyclopædia Britannica Concise. For the full entry on Battenberg family, visit Britannica.com.
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Does there exist a prime 3-manifold such that its mapping class group has an abelian representation in which the 2$\pi$ rotation is represented by -1?
In detail: Let $M$ be a closed orientable prime 3-manifold. Let $D_F(M,p)$ be the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$ that fix a point $p$ of $M$ and a frame there. Define the mapping class group (MCG) of $M$ to be the zeroth homotopy group of $D_F(M,p)$. Then the $2\pi$ rotation is an element of MCG that is the equivalence class of the following diffeo, $R_{2\pi}$: Consider a coordinate ball of radius 2, $B2$, centred on $p$. $R_{2\pi}$ fixes the ball of radius 1, $B_1$, centred on $p$ and everything outside the sphere of radius 2. In between $B_1$ and $B_2$ the $R_{2\pi}$ maps $(x,y,z)\rightarrow(x\cos\theta+y\sin\theta,y\cos\theta−x\sin\theta,z)$ where $\theta$ is a function of $r=\sqrt(x^2+y^2+z^2)$ which increases smoothly and monotonically from 0 to 2$\pi$ as $r$ increases from 1 to 2. The square of the 2$\pi$ rotation is the identity in MCG. A manifold is spinorial if $\[R_{2\pi}\]$ is non-trivial in MCG.
Background motivation:
This question is interesting because of the possibility that fermions can be built on non-trivial spatial topology. $M$ is the manifold of a 3-D spatial hypersurface in spacetime. The fixed point is the point at infinity (where the metric is asymptotically flat) and fixing a frame there has the same effect on $\pi_0(D_F)$ as requiring some falloff conditions on the diffeomorphisms at infinity or requiring them to be the identity outside some ball. The configuration space of General Relativity in this asymptotically flat setting is (space of asymptotically flat metrics on $M$)/$D_F$ and its first homotopy group is isomorphic to (what I called above) MCG, see _URL_ (I know it is not the usual definition of MCG). The quantum state, on canonical quantisation of General Relativity, carries a unitary irreducible representation (UIR) of the MCG and different choices of UIR give different physics. Prime 3-manifolds are potentially candidates for elementary particles built from pure geometry: topological geons (this is speculative!). A prime 3-manifold can be the basis for a spinorial particle (i.e. spin 1/2, spin 3/2....) if $R_{2\pi}$ is nontrivial. Because particles must be able to be pair produced and annihilated, topology change must be allowed in the theory which means that the theory should be quantised in a sum-over-histories framework rather than a canonical quantisation framework. Within the sum-over-histories framework it is challenging to realise nonabelian reps of MCG. Abelian reps on the other hand are more easily accommodated by attaching phases to topologically distinct sectors of the path integral. Moreover certain rules that would result in a spin-statistics correlation for topological geons would also force the reps to be abelian, _URL_ (hence the need for abelian reps). However, if there were no spinorial primes with abelian reps this would rule out spinorial geons and therefore fermions.
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What do you mean by 'the' $2\pi$ rotation? – HJRW May 16 '11 at 12:21
Please edit the question statement to put in the clarifications. You're also presumably assuming that the manifold is spin, and looking at the spin mapping class group. – Dylan Thurston May 16 '11 at 13:25
1. This is not the usual definition of MCG. 2. By the belt trick, the $2\pi$ rotation squares to be the identity. 3. The $2\pi$ rotation is central. 4. I don't know what you mean when you say "abelian representation" or "represented by -1". – Sam Nead May 16 '11 at 13:28
Even with the edit, "represented by -1" is not clear. Are you asking for this element of the mapping class group to map onto the generator of an infinite cyclic group? That's how I read your question. – Ryan Budney May 16 '11 at 19:33
1 Answer 1
up vote 8 down vote accepted
Yes, there exists such a manifold $M$. This follows if there exists aspherical $M$ with $Diff(M)\simeq 0$ (contractible) and $H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$. I claim there exists such manifolds. Let's see why such $M$ suffice.
There are two fibrations: $$ D_F(M,p) \to Diff(M,p) \to GL(3,\mathbb{R})$$ and $$ Diff(M,p) \to Diff(M) \to M.$$
The first comes from considering the derivative at $p$ of a diffeomorphism fixing $p$. The second comes from considering the image of $p$ under a diffeomorphism of $M$.
From the long exact sequence of homotopy for a fibration (e.g. 4.41 Hatcher), we have the exact sequence $$0=\pi_2(M) \to \pi_1(Diff(M,p)) \to \pi_1(Diff(M))=0 \to \pi_1(M)\to $$ $$\pi_0(Diff(M,p))\to \pi_0(Diff(M))=0.$$ We see that $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))=\pi_1(M)$, and $\pi_1(Diff(M,p))=0$. Similarly, $$0=\pi_1(Diff(M,p))\to \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}=\pi_1(GL(3,\mathbb{R})) \to \pi_0(D_F(M,p))\to \pi_0(Diff(M,p))\to 0.$$
From the second sequence, we see that $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ is therefore a $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ extension of $\pi_1(M)$. These are classified by $H^2(\pi_1(M);\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$ (since any such extension is central). Thus, it is a trivial extension, so $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))=\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\times \pi_1(M)$. The $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ factor is generated by $[R_{2\pi}]$ in your notation, so clearly the desired abelian representation exists.
Now we need to see that a closed orientable aspherical manifold $M$ with $Diff(M)\simeq 0$ and $H^2(M;\mathbb{Z}/2)=0$ exists. In fact, we may assume $M$ is a hyperbolic homology sphere. For example, take a hyperbolic knot complement with trivial isometry group. Perform Dehn filling of slope $1/k$ for $k$ large to get a closed hyperbolic manifold. This manifold will be an aspherical homology sphere and will have trivial isometry group for $k>>0$ (this follows from Thurston's Dehn surgery theorem and the Margulis lemma, since the isometries must preserve the short core geodesic of the Dehn surgery). By a result of Gabai, $Diff(M)$ will be contractible.
One can work in somewhat greater generality with hyperbolic 3-manifolds $M$ which have the property that $H^2(Aut(\pi_1(M));\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})=0$, since the first exact sequence implies that $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))=Aut(\pi_1(M))$. I'm not sure what happens if $H^2(Aut(\pi_1(M));\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})\neq 0$; I assumed it $=0$ as a convenient way to see that the group $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ splits.
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Thank you for your answer. I'm still reading through it to try and understand it all but it looks like it's what I'm looking for. Do you mean that $\pi_0(D_F(M,p))$ (as opposed to $\pi_0(Diff(M,p))$) is a $\mathbb{Z}/2\


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The combination of primary and secondary sources available in this collection contribute to a teacher's ability to use Buckaroos in Paradise for classroom exercises in historical thinking. Like most "Folk life" collections, Buckaroos in Paradise offers a rich first-person perspective on daily life, which can complement textbook instruction.
1) Chronological Thinking
The in-depth research on one family and community in this collection make it a good resource for constructing narratives that establish temporal order, or how things change over time. The history of ranching culture in this part of the West can be traced, for instance, through this community's architecture. The adobe homesteads of the early immigrants, the elaborate bunkhouses constructed by Italian-American stonemasons, and the mobile homes and prefabricated houses built for workers and their families in more recent years all are examples of dwellings common to the region over the years.
The Bunk Houses and Line Cabins section of the Views of a Western Way of Life Special Presentation outlines the history of ranchers's dwellings in northern Nevada. Students can read this article and pull out specific words for more in-depth searching in the collection: for instance, adobe, granite, and mobile home. (Many, though not most, of the pictures that students will find will include some information about the construction date of the buildings.)
Using the information from the article and the pictures they find, students can present a chronology of homes and bunkhouses in northern Nevada. This can be an online presentation or, by printing out the pictures, a paper or display presentation. Examine the influences environment, social factors, economy, technology that contribute to the differences in house types.
2) Historical Analysis and Interpretation
Two audios, Losing Jobs to Mechanization and Reducing the Need for Labor on the 96 Ranch discuss the changes brought by mechanization from the perspective of a laborer and a ranch owner and demonstrate how decisions are made, as well as the repercussions of those decisions. Les Stewart, owner of the ranch, discusses his own reaction to changes in ranch life in the audio The Ninety-Six Ranch, Diversification, and the Future.
Use these materials to complement a U.S. History study of the post-World-War-II era. Students can hold a debate on the pros and cons of federal land management. Or, they can research the current life in Nevada and other farming and ranching communities. What have technological and policy changes meant for people living in northern Nevada? How is one individual, like Les Stewart, affected by the important changes around him?
3) Historical Research Capabilities
Folklife field research is a unique type of historical research and one that often appeals to young people because of its immediacy. It is an inquiry into the traditional cultural expressions of a group sharing a common heritage, body of knowledge, and experience. Buckaroos in Paradise, focused on a very specific time and place, can serve as a launching point into a folklife project in your own community, or even in your own classroom.
Background information about the Paradise Valley Folklife Project provides an introduction to specific methods of historical research used in this project. Older students can use the guidelines in the Library of Congress publication Folklife and Fieldwork: A Layman's Introduction to Field Techniques, to begin their project. Students of all ages can photograph, interview and videotape their fellow students, and gather data about the classroom and school. The goal will be a "snapshot" of your school or community at this time.
Students can answer such questions as:
- What happens in a typical day at your school?
- What do students like most about their school? What do they like least?
- What different ethnic groups are represented in your classroom?
- What do students eat and wear in your school?
Students can describe the physical environment through photographs, drawings and floor plans, using the example of "Coyote" John Schneider's bunk house, which was included in a museum show about the Buckaroos in Paradise collection. Search on Schneider and Smithsonian for pictures of the bunk house and other related artifacts, and read the last six paragraphs of the Bunk Houses and Line Cabins section of the Views of a Western Way of Life Special Presentation for further background on Schneider's bunk house.


Hey Managers and Entrepreneurs, Can You Influence the Knowledge Sharing Processes?
Knowledge Management as a process yields tremendous potential for innovation, growth and increased profits and other KPIs. However, it is far from being simple, and the mixture of skills and expertise that provides benefits to the experience can also cause barriers.
In an organisational ecosystem, where knowledge sharing and active participation are important and the diversity of contributors is often high, these barriers can be substantial.
The environment of an ecosystem raises business and people-related issues that can limit or prevent knowledge sharing among the different groups of participants. In order to bypass these issues, managers and entrepreneurs often ask themselves:
 - How transparent should we be with confidential business information, and with whom can we share it without risk? How can we address privacy issues?
 - How should we work with participants worldwide, where cultural contrasts may influence our interactions?
 - How can we get people to participate more
Manager thinking about improving knowledge sharing
The issues these questions highlight may create barriers to successful knowledge sharing processes if managers and entrepreneurs don't succeed to understand and overcome them.
So what advice can we give?
There are three essential recommendations for managers and entrepreneurs who are looking to overcome both general and unique barriers to effective knowledge sharing in an ecosystem.
When we speak of barriers to collaboration in an ecosystem, we commonly include barriers common to all participants in the ecosystem and barriers unique to specific groups of participants who have their specific roles in the organisation. The specific barriers are influenced by the unique circumstances of your ecosystem, however, we have identified barriers common to all groups:
 - Balancing privacy - is creating silos the best way to handle this?
 - Businessand people-related issues that arise when simple collaboration process is elevated from a collaboration system to a knowledge sharing ecosystem, including a possible lack of transparency that can hinder success.
 - Growth
Balancing privacy
This requires identifying access to information early in the process, separating the ones that may be offered to the members of the ecosystem from the ones that should be kept confidential. Copyrights, patents, designs and potential inventions included.
Sensitive data available to C-level members also come to mind. However, many believe that silos are hindering knowledge sharing. The answer is yes and no. We've written an article about it and you can also read what Dave Snowden, a well-known name in the field of knowledge management says on the topic. At the end, you need to be able to move quickly and make informed business decisions with the help of the ecosystem.
Collaborate successfully with the core community
Collaborating with the core community
Every ecosystem is built around a core community. Appreciate the core community and its informal or formal rules that relate to equality, team structures, leadership, cultural differences, and new member integration. Be fair. Try and recognise the leader, or if there isn't one, assist in developing a leader in the community.
Make sure that you have suitable team structure to assist the knowledge sharing process within and with the help of the core community and assist with integrating new participants into the community. The members of this core community are your champions and they are the ones who drive the process.
Acknowledge the challenges of diversity
Acknowledge the challenges of diversity
Acknowledge the diversity in your organisation. The diversity is beneficial, but it can also introduce knowledge sharing challenges. When we say diversity, we mean different levels of knowledge, expertise, and skills.
The diversity may also rise from cultural barriers as the participants come from different parts of the world. Those barriers relate to objectives, responsibilities, roles and shared values.
It would be a mistake not to engage all participants in an ecosystem so make sure you have clearly defined roles, objectives, responsibilities, and values. Negotiate an appropriate understanding of joint roles and responsibilities in order to yield maximum benefits of your ecosystem.
We know that it's not easy
Successful knowledge sharing process demands a carefully planned approach to all communities in an ecosystem based on informed business decisions and an understanding of the barriers. If entrepreneurs and managers can't identify or understand the collaboration barriers both common and unique to participants in this ecosystem they will have difficulties in overcoming them and harnessing the benefits of an ecosystem.
The only thing they need is software support, so we've created Tallium, and written many resources on our blog to help you do that. We also offer trainings and consultations as we have successfully built an ecosystem ourselves. Contact us for a demo.
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As our populations age we will have more people experiencing low vision. This means that contrasts between objects will become an increasingly important factor in negotiating the built environment. Although standards stipulate a certain luminance contrast and levels of light (lux) for buildings, how are they measured, who measures them, and what are they measured with? This issue was investigated by a team in Norway using staircases for the case studies. They found that the tools used by builders and planners vary, and this results in different contrast and light readings for the same staircase. Other variables were also found to influence the readings, such as reflection or glare from overhead lighting. Sunny or cloudy conditions, the shadow of the measurer when measuring, and different angles and positions of the meter all bring different results.
The findings and conclusion of the study raise an important question: Are the staircases as bad as they seem in terms of not meeting the legislative requirements? Or are the requirements too difficult to fulfil? The team concluded that the answer lies with a representative group of people with low vision guiding them on understanding usability. Another case of standards being useful but not entirely effective – the users have the answer once again.
The article, Planning and Measuring Luminance Contrast in Staircases contains charts, graphs and pictures that illustrate their methods and results. The article is free to download.
L.D. Houck1, K. Gundersen, O. Strengen: Universal Design 2016: Learning from the Past, Designing for the Future. H. Petrie et al. (Eds.)
This article is published online with Open Access by IOS Press and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0). doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-684-2-382

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Scrapbooking with Sea Glass and Netting
Create a nautical theme by embellishing scrapbook pages with sea glass and coastal netting.
Coastal Netting Pockets
Coastal netting is fine, loosely woven hemp that's very versatile. It's available in a variety of colors and adds a natural, textural accent to scrapbook pages. You can fashion it into pockets for displaying special greeting cards, postcards, brochures, maps or other memorabilia. Here's how to make them:
Materials and Tools:
coastal netting (or any type of netlike fiber)
¼-inch-wide double-sided scrapbook tape
card stock
glitter or embossing powder (optional)
1. Apply scrapbook tape along the bottom edge of the cardstock, allowing the protective cover to remain.
2. Apply two strips of scrapbook tape to the back of the card stock to secure the ends of the netting.
3. Cut a length of netting and press it to the tape on the front of the card stock to secure.
4. Fold the netting over the card stock and adhere the ends to tape on the back of the card stock.
5. Sprinkle glitter or embossing powder over the bottom edge of netting to cover any exposed adhesive, if desired.
Sea Glass Mosaics
Sea glass, aka beach glass, is a popular scrapbook embellishment. Besides simply decorating pages with it, you can use an engraver to carve title letters into the surfaces of pieces. Here's how to work with it:
Materials and Tools:
sea glass
1-inch-wide double-sided scrapbook tape
card stock
engraver (optional)
1. Cover one side of sea glass with scrapbook tape and trim it even with the edge of the sea glass. Note: Be sure the entire surface is covered with tape, or it will show through.
2. Arrange the sea glass into a mosaic pattern on the page, or use them for a page title, engraving letters into the pieces with an engraver.
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Fife estate's street lights could illuminate new way to save millions from household electricity bills
A glenrothes housing estate is being hailed as the site of a breakthrough in the quest for a "smart grid" that will reduce network losses of electricity, saving millions of pounds for consumers.
Network waste is estimated by the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) at £3 billion a year in the UK, mainly through "copper losses" (heat in the cable), and theft. As the cost is borne by consumers rather than suppliers, power companies have so far lacked incentives to tackle the issue.
The Glenrothes pilot project, part of Fife Council's Light Fife Green initiative to cut spending and carbon emissions on street lighting, has been a test bed for power line carrier (PLC) technology which transmits data along electricity lines.
The pilot uses two-way communications between pillars and substations to measure the energy saved by dimming the lights, giving a detailed picture of how much power is being used.
The technology – whose principal could potentially also be applied to water and gas – has been pioneered by Hugh Smeaton, the retired Glasgow-born electronics entrepreneur behind multi-million-pound turnover Scots technology companies Fotronic and Linberg. Smeaton, 78, is best known as the developer of Eftpos, the base technology behind the Switch card.
Angus Broadhurst, Fife Council's head of lighting, working with Edinburgh-based metre supplier MeterLink, has installed roadside meters supplying up to 120 lamp posts. A "local data concentrator" (LDC) collects the data from the "master pillars" and allows two-way communications between lighting control in the region and the master pillars. Two-way control opens the possibility of timed dimming of the lights, controlled by smart meters.
Scottish Power, electricity supplier to Fife Council, has agreed to install LDCs in a substation, allowing them to meter up to 40 pillars at once, a UK first.
Smeaton said: "Scotland has a world lead in monitoring the load on low-voltage networks, the key to understanding losses. This is the first step towards tackling network losses which can be as much as 50% in developing countries. This makes power cuts less likely, and in the UK would mean that would we would need fewer wind farms and less fossil-fuel generation, as we would have less wastage to feed."
The entrepreneur has been in talks with Hungarian government agencies with a view to equip the model high-tech village of Aba, southwest of Budapest with technology to meter electricity, water and gas.
If it is proved worthwhile, the Hungarians will roll the technology out across the country, and export it elsewhere in Eastern Europe. Smeaton has also agreed a deal with Irish street lighting company SELC to develop new technology that combines meters and the means to control lighting levels remotely.
Broadhurst said: "Meters aren't commonplace because the cost of installing them [individually] would be prohibitive. That's why Hugh Smeaton's concept has possibilities for us. What he's proposing is that the meter gives you a communicating system that feeds the data back to a central point allowing you to calculate losses."
Smeaton added: "Up until recently meter manufacturers did not record the voltage [electrical pressure] in the current range of smart meters. The lack of knowledge of the pressure at the consumers' meter has made it impossible to analyse the current flowing in low-voltage networks worldwide."
He said that if using techniques similar to those used to find losses in electrical networks, it should be possible to trace gas and water leaks by monitoring pressure at their metering points.
"The first thing doctors do is check blood pressure when illness occurs. Utility networks are identical: by monitoring the pressure on their networks as the product enters the consumer's premises the health of the network - can be checked."
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|Agricultural Expansion and Pioneer Settlements in the Humid Tropics (UNU, 1988, 305 pages)|
|16. Organized settlement on the Amazon frontier: The Caquetá project in Colombia|
The Caquetá Project was implemented in phases. Phases I and II overlap geographically, covering an area of 1.8 million ha. The first phase was begun in 1969 and the second in 1975. Given the fact that at the beginning of Phase I the area had already been partially subjected to spontaneous settlement by peasant farmers who had migrated from the adjacent inter-Andean valleys between 1958 and 1965, the Phase I project can be characterized as "an effort to stabilize settlers who might otherwise become itinerant slash and burn farmers." Thus Phase I was justified both socially and economically on the basis of contributing to stabilize a low income population by providing it with a mix of capital, technology, transport and social infrastructure, designed to generate and consolidate a production process based on the establishment of extensive livestock production farms.
Since environmental considerations were of little importance at the time (the environmental protection agency, INDERENA-National Institute for Renewable Natural Resources-was created in 1968) and because the fragile nature of the area's soils was not well known, Phase I and both its economic and environmental results cannot be taken as a model project for the evaluation purposes of this paper. PhaseII, on the other hand, merely a geographical continuation and repetition of the mistakes of Phase I, was prepared at a time when preliminary economic results from the first groups of beneficiaries of Phase I were coming out and when the environmental effects of the land use changes induced by the production model selected were already beginning to take their toll.
For these reasons, I will draw most of my observations and preliminary conclusions from the experiences of the recently concluded Phase II of the Caquetá Project.


You don't have to fit the common criminal stereotype to be charged with a criminal offense. Regular people are arrested everyday, often for a mistake or a misunderstanding. But when you are facing a criminal charge, that's little reassurance. Even a disorderly conduct charge has the potential to change your life in a significant manner; understanding your rights and having an experienced advocate on your side can minimize this impact.
Disorderly Conduct Charge? Call _PHONE_.
People find themselves facing Massachusetts disorderly conduct charges everyday. Often these charges are levied when a frustrated police officer gets annoyed or aggravated. But annoyance of one officer is rarely enough for a conviction.
Massachusetts Disorderly Conduct Laws
What is disorderly conduct? Massachusetts law defines a "disorderly person" as one who acts with purpose to cause public inconvenience, annoyance or alarm; or recklessly creates a risk thereof by
 - Engaging in fighting or threatening, violent or tumultuous behavior, or
 - Creating a hazard or physically offensive condition by any act which serves no legitimate purpose.
While annoying an officer or generally being a pain in their but might not win you any points, it certainly doesn't fulfill all of the aspects of this offense. Often an officer will overestimate the risk you create, making it seem as if your behavior has created a hazard or offensive condition. If you attorney can show that the situation was misunderstood and possibly blown out of proportion, there's a good chance the charges can be dropped.
Disorderly Conduct Penalties
If you are convicted of disorderly conduct in Massachusetts, this offense carries up to 6 months in jail.
In some situations, officer misinterpretation isn't to blame for your arrest and charge. Perhaps you did engage in fighting or other actions that could be considered disorderly conduct. If this is the case it is your attorney's job to advocate on your behalf, seeking to show the courts that you deserve mercy and a second chance.
Depending on your criminal record, your attorney may be able to work out a plea agreement with the prosecutor to ensure you don't have to serve jail time. Instead, you may be allowed to serve your sentence within the community while on probation.
The specifics of your potential penalty and the likelihood that you'll walk away with no consequences depend wholly on the facts of your case. Discussing all of the facts of your case with a criminal defense lawyer is the first step in ensuring the most positive result possible.
If you've been charged with Massachusetts disorderly conduct, contact us to speak with a local defense lawyer that can help.
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MeaningCloud Topics Extraction API - Source Code
The MeaningCloud Topics Extraction API extracts relevant information elements from unstructured text. The RESTful API uses GET or POST (POST is recommended) over HTTP/S with returns in JSON and XML. Use the Topics Extraction API to retrieve information like: named entities (people, organizations, places), concepts, time and money expressions, or URIs and phone numbers. The API currently supports texts in Spanish, English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Catalan.


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Horoscopes by Rob Brezsny
Week of June 29th, 2006
(April 20-May 20)
Astrologer Caroline Casey offers an apt metaphor to illustrate how crucial it is for us to hear and read good stories. She notes that if we don't have enough of the normal, healthy kind of iodine in our bodies, we absorb radioactive iodine, which has entered the food chain through nuclear test explosions conducted in the atmosphere. Similarly, unless we fill ourselves up with stories that invigorate us, we're more susceptible to sopping up the poisonous, degenerative narratives.


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Goldenberries are native to cooler areas of Europe and Western Asia. They are delightfully tart, and a good source of vitamin C. Golden berries were very popular in Britain in the 1800s, when local clubs would have golden berry bake-offs and contests to see who could grow the biggest golden berry. Golden berries can also be called Inca Berries, Golden Berries or Cape Gooseberries. Dr. Oz has declared that Goldenberries may help fight belly fat!
Natural Goldenberries, can also be called Inca Berries, Gooseberries or Cape Gooseberries. Packed with nutrients, these tasty tart berries make an especially healthy snack. Great for baking in pies, tarts, puddings or even spicing up a fruit salad. Dr. Oz has declared Goldenberries to be one of his top belly-blasting foods!


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TitanicArticle Free Pass
There has never been universal agreement over the number of lives lost in the sinking of the Titanic. Beginning with the first news reports of the disaster, inquirers have found it unwise to trust the original passenger and crew lists, which were rendered inaccurate by such factors as misspellings, omissions, aliases, and failure to count musicians and other contracted employees as either passengers or crew members. Agreement was made more difficult by the international nature of the disaster, essentially involving a British-registered liner under American ownership that carried more than 2,000 people of many nationalities. Immediately after the sinking, official inquiries were conducted by a special committee of the U.S. Senate (which claimed an interest in the matter on the grounds of the American lives lost) and the British Board of Trade (under whose regulations the Titanic operated). The figures established by these hearings are as follows:
U.S. Senate committee: 1,517 lives lost
British Board of Trade: 1,503 lives lost
Confusion over these figures was immediately aggravated by the official reports of these inquiries to the U.S. Senate and the British Parliament; these reports revised the numbers to 1,500 and 1,490, respectively. The figures have been revised, officially and unofficially, so many more times since 1912 that most researchers and historians concede that they will never know how many of the people sailing on the Titanic died.
What made you want to look up "Titanic"? Please share what surprised you most...


National threatened species day
7th September 2020
About Threatened Species Day
Threatened Species Day was declared in 1996 to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the death of the last remaining Tasmanian tiger (also known as the thylacine) at Hobart Zoo in 1936.
Threatened Species Day is a time to reflect on what happened in the past and how similar fates to the thylacine could await other native plants and animals unless appropriate action is taken.
Threatened Species Day
Threatened Species Day is when we turn the spotlight on native plants, animals, and ecosystems that are under threat and reflect on how we can protect them into the future.
The day also celebrates the amazing work that is being done to save them by passionate conservationists, researchers, volunteers, and community experts.
How can you help?
No matter what your background, age or expertise, you can get involved with conservation programs and help the recovery of threatened animals and plants. Learn more about how you, your school or community can get involved.
Source: _URL_
Useful Links:


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Record Keeping for Small Businesses, Lunch & Learn
After completing this training, you will be able to: • Explain the concept of record keeping and why record keeping is important to a small business. • Identify record keeping practices, rules, and tools which are commonly available to a small business. • Explain how these record keeping practices, rules, and tools work. • Identify benefits a small business derives from proper record keeping. • Explain record keeping basics for a small business. • Identify software products available for small business record keeping.
Speaker(s): Woodforest National bank
Fee: No Cost


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The Zeyt'un Gospels, made in the scriptorium at Hromklay for Katholikos Constantine I in 1256, are the earliest signed work of T'oros Roslin, the most accomplished illuminator and scribe in Armenia in the 1200s. These canon tables were separated from the manuscript at some point in the past and eventually acquired by the Getty Museum, while the rest of the manuscript is in a public collection in Armenia.
Originally designed by Eusebius of Caesarea in the 300s, canon tables provide a concordance of related passages that describe the same events in more than one of the four Gospels. By the early Middle Ages, the columns of numbers were usually assembled within painted architectural structures. Though Roslin used this traditional format in all of his pages, he endlessly varied the ornamental designs and naturalistic elements, imbuing each page with individuality and vitality.
Armenia established its own independent church in the 300s, distinct from both the Roman Catholic and Orthodox traditions. In medieval Armenia, religious books such as this one were believed to serve as heavenly intercessors for those involved with the books' creation, patronage, or restoration; Gospel books are among the most sumptuous of Armenian manuscripts.


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Wiley Park Flower Delivery
Send beautiful flowers and gifts to Wiley Park. Whether for birthdays, mothers day, valentines day or any other occasion, we can deliver to Wiley Park. Check out our gorgeous creations today.
Wiley Park Name Origin
Wiley Park is named after John Wiley, who bequeathed land for the park to the former Canterbury Council when he died in 1895.
Wiley Park Settlement History
Settlement of the area dates from 1832 when the first land grant was made, with development primarily from the 1940s and 1950s. The park bequeathed by John Wiley to the Council in 1895 was progressively developed through the 1920s and 1930s, and has more recently been redeveloped as a passive recreation area with a pond and amphitheatre. The population fluctuated slightly during the 1990s, and then increased slightly between 2001 and 2011 as new dwellings were added to the area.
Wiley Park Features
Major features of the area include Wiley Park, Defoe Street Reserve, Johnsen Square, the Wiley Park railway station and several schools.


Bursting is the process of separating large reports or documents into smaller, more manageable sections. With its advanced rule-based processing, it easily divides reports and documents into their component sections, preparing only the desired page(s) for the intended recipients.
A section may be delivered to a single recipient, several unrelated recipients, or a group of recipients. Additionally, various sections may be recombined or bundled together and delivered to the appropriate recipients in a single document.
Ascend's ECM allows each section to have its own retention period and storage directory for short-term or long-term archival.


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Betalen met een digitale euro: hebben wij daar nood aan?
The European Central Bank is currently examining the potential usefulness of a digital euro for households and companies and will communicate in October 2023 whether such digital currency will be launched and, if yes, in which form. Next to establishing a permanent access to public money in a more digital world, the digital euro can contribute to a streamlining of existing private digital currencies and payment systems, a more resilient digital payment system, and the preservation of monetary independence. The digital euro can, however, negatively impact the banking system if bank deposits get substituted by digital euro holdings. Research shows that this substitutability leads to an expected decline in profitability of banks which rely relatively much on bank deposits as their funding source. This negative effect can, however, be attenuated by limiting the quantity of digital euros. Moreover, an adequate determination of the supply of digital euros can limit the negative consequences on the banking sector to such extent that the introduction of a digital euro can offer welfare gains.


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The aim of this study was to determine the evacuation of sand from the equine intestine after a double treatment with psyllium and mineral oil or mineral oil only. A crossover study was conducted. Twelve healthy horses were fed 1 kg sand once a day for 5 days. Subsequently, these horses were divided into two groups: A and B. From day 6-10, both groups were treated with 2 l of mineral oil once a day and group B received an additional 0.5 kg of psyllium twice a day. The trial was repeated after 2 weeks with treatment crossover of groups A and B. The horses were housed sand free and 1.8 kg hay/100 kg body weight was offered to meet the maintenance energy requirement. Prior to the sand administration, faeces were collected from each horse for 3 days and the crude ash was determined to establish a baseline output of ash. There was no difference between the baseline crude ash output of the first and second treatment. From day 6-10, faeces were collected daily and the fresh weight and the dry matter and the crude ash contents were determined. For administration, sand or psyllium was mixed with 1 l of Irish mash (concentrate mixed with water), respectively, and mineral oil was administered via a nasogastric tube. All horses showed higher crude ash excretion when treated with psyllium and mineral oil compared with the mineral oil administration only. On the second, third and fourth day of the treatment, the difference was significant. Faeces crude ash weight corrected for baseline crude ash output while treated with psyllium plus oil and oil solely, reached a mean of 51.0 (SD 20.5) and 26.1 (SD 17.7) % of the administered sand mass, respectively. The results of this trial show that the ash output differed highly between the horses. Nevertheless, all horses showed a higher total ash output within the 5 days treatment period when the psyllium semen and mineral oil were used for the treatment than when treated with mineral oil solely.
Animals Cathartics/therapeutic use* Cross-Over Studies Feces/chemistry Female Horse Diseases/prevention & control* Horses Intestinal Obstruction/prevention & control Intestinal Obstruction/veterinary* Intestine, Large Male Mineral Oil/therapeutic use* Psyllium/therapeutic use* Random Allocation Silicon Dioxide*/adverse effects Treatment Outcome


An A-Z Guide To The Search For Plato's Atlantis
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Meizon is given the sole meaning of 'greater' in the respected Greek Lexicon of Liddell & Scott. Furthermore, in Bury's translation of sections 20e -26a of Timaeus there are eleven instances of Plato using megas (great) meizon (greater) or megistos (greatest). In all cases great or greatest is employed except just one, 24e, which uses the comparative meizon, which Bury translated as 'larger'! J.Warren Wells concluded that Bury's translation in this single instance is inconsistent with his other treatments of the word and it does not fit comfortably with the context[787.85]. This inconsistency is difficult to accept, so although meizon can have a secondary meaning of 'larger' it is quite reasonable to assume that the primary meaning of 'greater' was intended.
*In 2006, on a now defunct website of his, Wells noted that Greater can mean larger, but this meaning is by no means the only possible meaning here; his overall usage of the word may show he meant greater in some other way."*
It is also worth considering that Alexander the Great, (Aléxandros ho Mégas) was so called, not because of his physical size, apparently he was short of stature, but because he was a powerful leader.
The word has entered Atlantis debates in relation to its use in Timaeus 24e ', where Plato describes Atlantis as 'greater' than Libya and Asia together and until recently has been most frequently interpreted to mean greater 'in size', an idea that I previously endorsed. However, some researchers have suggested that he intended to mean greater 'in power'.
Other commentators do not seem to be fully aware that 'Libya' and 'Asia' had completely different meanings at the time of Plato. 'Libya' referred to part or all of North Africa, west of Egypt, while 'Asia' was sometimes applied to Lydia, a small kingdom in what is today Turkey. Incidentally, Plato's statement also demonstrates that Atlantis could not have existed in either of these territories as 'a part cannot be greater than the whole.'
A more radical, but less credible, interpretation of Plato's use of 'meizon' came from the historian P.B.S. Andrews, who suggested that the quotation has been the result of a misreading of Solon's notes. He maintained that the text should be read as 'midway between Libya and Asia' since in the original Greek there is only a difference on one letter between the words for midway (meson) and larger than (meizon). This suggestion was supported by the classical scholar J.V. Luce and more recently on Marilyn Luongo's website(a). This interpretation is quite interesting, particularly if the Lydian explanation of 'Asia' mentioned above is correct. Viewed from either Athens or Egypt we find that Crete is located 'midway' between Lydia and Libya.
In relation to all this , Felice Vinci has explained that ancient mariners measured territory by the length of its coastal perimeter, a method that was in use up to the time of Columbus. This would imply that the island of Atlantis was relatively modest in extent – I would speculate somewhere between the size of Cyprus and Sardinia. An area of such an extent has never been known to have been destroyed by an earthquake.
Until the 21st century, it was thought by many that meizon must have referred to the physical size of Atlantis rather than its military power. However, having read a paper[750.173] delivered by Thorwald C. Franke to the 2008 Atlantis Conference, I was persuaded otherwise. His explanation is that "for Egyptians the world of their 'traditional' enemies was divided in two: To the west there were the Libyans, to the east there were the Asians. If an Egyptian scribe wanted to say, that an enemy was more dangerous than the 'usual' enemies, which was the case with the Sea Peoples' invasion, then he would have most probably said, that this enemy was "more powerful than Libya and Asia put together".
This is a far more elegant and credible explanation than any reference to physical size, which forced researchers to seek lost continental sized land masses and apparently justified the negativity of sceptics. Furthermore, it reinforces the Egyptian origin of the Atlantis story, demolishing any claim that Plato concocted the whole tale. If it had been invented by Plato he would probably have compared Atlantis to enemy territories nearer to home, such as the Persians.
This interpretation of meizon has now been 'adopted' by Frank Joseph in The Destruction of Atlantis[102.82], but without giving any due credit to Franke(b). No surprise there.!
(b) (offline Jan. 2018) See: Archive 2349


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Raze to the ground
To destroy and sweep completely away.
The expression 'raze to the ground', like 'bated breath' and 'just deserts', is often spelled incorrectly. The sources of these misunderstandings are the homophones 'bated' and 'baited', 'deserts' and 'desserts' and, in 'raze to the ground', 'raze' and 'raise'. Added to that is the fact that the correct spelling in each case is of an archaic word that is rarely used elsewhere.
As a child, I heard stories of WWII and of cities like Dresden and Hiroshima being, as I thought, 'raised to the ground'. That seemed odd to me. How could destroying them with bombs raise them? Were these cities underground? It makes a little more sense when we understand that 'raze' is the verb that gave rise to the noun 'razor'. What's being said is akin to 'razored (i.e. shaved) to the ground'. It seems that others are similarly confused - there are currently (Oct 2009) many hits in Google for 'raise the the ground'.
Raze is hardly a common word now (in the UK at least - there is more use of it in other countries, notably the USA), but it was in the 16th century; for example, Henry Howard, the Earl of Surrey, used it in Aeneid II, 1547, in a context that makes the 'razored/erased' meaning evident:
"I saw Troye fall down in burning gledes. Neptunus town clene razed from the soil."
Shakespeare also used it in Henry VI, Part II, 1592:
"These are his substance, sinewes, armes, and strength, With which he... Razeth your Cities, and subverts your Townes."
The earliest example that I can find of the precise 'raze to the ground' form is in The Glory of England, written by Thomas Gainsford in 1620:
"King Lewis held nothing in Italy but the lanterne of Genes, which afterward the Genouais razed to the ground."
If you invite your neighbours to a barn raising, you had better get the spelling right, or the consequences might be unfortunate.
See also, 'beck and call'.
See other phrases and sayings from Shakespeare.


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President Pranab Mukherjee has given assent to Payment of Wages (Amendment) Ordinance, 2016, to enable industries to pay wages by cheque or credit into the bank accounts of workers.
The ordinance amends the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 to encourage cashless transactions. With this assent the ordinance becomes law as per article 123 of the Constitution.
Key Provisions of Ordinance
- Allows industries to pay wages to workers earning up to Rs. 18,000 per month, without taking their explicit consent as required under present Act.
- Empowers the Union and State governments to specify industries or establishments where wage payments can be made mandatory through banks.
- However, it is not mandatory for employers to make wage payments through the banking system and they can still pay in cash.
The Union Government had decided to take the ordinance route because after demonetisation of the Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000 banknotes in November 2016 had led to a cash crunch, and employers were finding it tough to pay workers in cash. The Payment of Wages (Amendment) Bill, 2016, introduced in Parliament was also not able get passed during winter session of the Parliament.
Article 123 of Constitution: It gives legislative power to President. He can issue ordinances when Parliament is not in session (i.e. recess) if there is urgent need to have a law on some urgent public matter. The promulgated ordinance has similar effect to an act of parliament. However, every ordinance must be laid and approved by both houses of the parliament within 6 weeks from the reassembling. If not placed and approved by both houses of the parliament after reassembling it lapses or becomes invalid.


arēta?)
Voiced by: Nobuhiko Okamoto (Japanese), Austin Tindle (English)
Accelerator is one of the main characters in the science side in A Certain Magical Index, and also one of the antagonists in A Certain Scientific Railgun as well as the main protagonist and the titular character of A Certain Scientific Accelerator. He is the most powerful esper in Academy City, ranking at the top of the seven Level 5s in the city. His real name is unknown, though Accelerator recalls his surname was composed of two kanji characters and his given name consisted of three kanji characters. First appearing as an antagonist of the third light novel, he later becomes a main protagonist in the science side of the Toaru Majutsu no Index series in a notable number of volumes of the light novels.[2] His name is written as "Ippōtsūkō", meaning "One-Way Road". His ability allows him to control any vector he touches including motion, heat, electricity, and wind. This allows him to perform various feats such as reflecting bullets, launching heavy objects, and even reversing the flow of blood in people's bodies. Since his natural ability blocks all ultraviolet radiation, he has an appearance with white hair.
Accelerator's unique ability makes him the subject of an experiment attempting to create the first Level 6 esper: according to the city's best supercomputer, Tree Diagram (which was unprecedentedly destroyed by Index's Dragon Breath), this feat could only be achieved by killing Misaka Mikoto, the Railgun, 128 times without a single failure. Since it was impossible to procure 128 Railguns, an alternative plan was formed to "level up" Accelerator by having him kill 20,000 skilled Level 3 espers: the Misaka clones. He willingly joins the experiment to gain a reputation as the most powerful and feared esper so that no one would be foolish enough to challenge him. His desire to achieve this goal leads him to kill many who got in his way. Mikoto tries to stop the experiment to save her sisters, but it is Tōma who finally does so and defeats Accelerator after discovering his weakness: Accelerator was physically weak because of his total reliance on his powers and his overconfidence in his esper abilities. Therefore, Tōma beat him with his Imagine Breaker and street-fighting skills.
After his defeat in volume three of the light novels, he reappears in the fifth novel where his past was also revealed. He was taken to Academy City at a young age when his powers were first discovered but because of the lack in their understanding of his powers, people fear him and in some cases tried to kill him. Due to the many attempts on his life and the numerous experiments performed on him, these events shaped Accelerator into a sadist and made it difficult for him to trust anyone except for Kikyou Yoshikawa, the only scientist who ever cared about him and saved his life. He also takes a more heroic and fatherly role by protecting a young girl named Last Order, the last Misaka clone who believes through the memories of the Sister clones who fought him that Accelerator is not bad person and actually never wanted to hurt the clones but tried to merely intimidate them into not fighting him, a theory Accelerator dismisses. In the aftermath of the incident, Accelerator is shot in the head by Ao Amai and acquires aphasia due to brain damage. The injury also affects his ability but Heaven Canceller jury-rigs a choker-like device to his brain, allowing Accelerator to tap into the Misaka Network to make up for his injury and function normally. He can also switch the transmitter to full power, restoring his ability for a maximum of 15 minutes at the beginning, but the time is later extended to 30 minutes by an update to the device. Toward the end of volume 13, Accelerator begins to "awaken" after nearly being killed by Amata Kihara and his aphasia is somehow temporarily cured. He truly "awakens" in volume 15, gaining black wings when fighting another "awakened" level 5, Teitoku Kakine. In the events of the 19th novel he meets Aiwass, a higher dimensional being, summoned to their plane of existence. Aiwass explains to him when AIM entities like him are manifested, Last Order is heavily strained and may die if left untreated. To help Last Order, who has collapsed from sustaining Aiwass, Accelerator follows Aiwass' advice and heads to Russia during World War III in search of Index, unaware that he has met her before.
In Russia, after being ambushed by Russian mages, he acquires the "Goatskin", a mysterious document sought after by both Academy City and the Russian government that has the knowledge about the Archangels and Heaven, and later runs into a Misaka Worst clone, learning that Aleister intends to eliminate Last Order, now obsolete to create a new Misaka network. Despite being more powerful than Misaka Worst, Accelerator is unable to bring himself to harm another Sister clone after the Level 6 experiment and becomes mentally unstable after the clone attempts to kill Last Order and later tries to kill herself. Accelerator goes on a rampage until Tōma arrives where he turns his frustration regarding Last Order's condition onto Tōma and a fight ensues between the two. After Accelerator is defeated again, Tōma uses his Imagine Breaker to stabilize Last Order and leaves a note informing him of Index's true whereabouts. Later, he joins forces with Elizarinian soldiers and Misaka Worst to find spies in their country, and fought Archangel Gabriel along with Hyōka, where after studying the Goatskin, he learns to understand the angel's language and turning himself into an angel as a side effect. With his new powers, he is able to decode one of Index's songs and was finally able to cure Last Order but is injured in the process.
After the Third World War, Accelerator is given his freedom with the help of Shiage, after he threatens the Academy City's administration to leave him, Last Order and Misaka Worst alone and orders them to stop all illegal black projects in the city. However, both he and Shiage actions anger a new group of espers called the "Freshmen" who are aware of the existences of Magic and sees them as an obstacle in Academy City's war against the Magic factions. After being helped by Tōma and Leivinia Birdway, the latter invites him to join the world of Magic.
Shiage Hamazura (浜面 仕上 Hamazura Shiage?)
Voiced by: Satoshi Hino (Japanese), Clifford Chapin (English)
Shiage is one of the main characters in the science side in A Certain Magical Index he is a former member of Skill-Out, a group of Level 0s who use various means to counter esper abilities, who accidentally gets caught up with the Dark side of Academy City. He is first introduced in the Side Story novels where he became the leader of his Skill-Out gang after Accelerator killed the former leader, his best friend Ritoku Komaba on the orders of the Board of Directors. On the same day he became the new leader, his gang was forced by the Board of Directors to kill Mikoto's mother, Misuzu or face extermination. However, he and his gang were defeated by Tōma and Accelerator and they failed to kill Misuzu. Humiliated, he left the gang to his friend Hattori Hanzo and became a chauffeur and informant for Team ITEM where he fell in love with one of their members, Rikō Takitsubo.
During the 15th novel, Team ITEM is involved in a war between the various underground organization where Shiage helps them by providing transport by stealing cars around the city. But when Team ITEM is defeated by Team SCHOOL led by its leader, Teitoku Kakine, Shizuri Mugino, the leader of Team ITEM, wants revenge for being humiliated no matter what and forces an injured Rikō to use her powers to find Teitoku despite the fact that repeated use of her powers will kill her. In order to save Rikō, Shiage fights against Shizuri and despite the odds, he manages to defeat Shizuri by using her pride and powers against her. However, this unexpected incident becomes a thorn in Aleister's plans as there was no way Shiage could defeat Shizuri as she is a Level 5. Seeing him as a unpredictable anomaly that will disrupt his future plans, Aleister puts a bounty on Shiage and orders the forces of Academy City's dark side to kill him. Ironically, he is saved by Shizuri, who survived their battle and now has a sense of twisted love for him (declaring she will castrate him as her sign of affection). She lets him and Rikō escape Academy City by stealing a jet and shoots down his pursuers, declaring that he is her prey and hers alone.
Shiage and Rikō escapes to Russia only to find themselves in a war between Academy City and Russia. After being saved by Acqua of the Back, Shiage and Rikō heads to the nation of Elizarina where Rikō is partially healed by Accelerator and aids Acqua. In order to protect a document called the Kremlin Report, Shiage and Rikō heads towards the same nuclear military base that Mikoto went while they were being chased by Academy City forces and later Shizuri. However Shizuri collapses from over-exhaustion as her fragile body is suffering from the effects of using too much Body Crystal, a dangerous drug that Rikō uses to activate her powers


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CVEX is an TD/Artist VEX/VOP front end built in to specific render time procedurals by the developer of that render procedural. CVEX is an actual program written in VEX or built with VOP networks usually by the TD/Artist that gets called by a run-time procedural written in c++ by a developer utilizing the HDK. Geometry gets built and passed out of the procedural to the cvex program which processes the geometry then returns the result back to the procedural.
Some nodes let you customize their behavior by writing snippets of VEX to manipulate data, giving great flexibility. These VEX programs run in a generic "CVEX" context.
For example, rather than provide hundreds of parameters on the fur nodes to provide complete control over texture maps, noise, etc., the fur nodes let you use CVEX shaders to customize the node behavior using VEX code. The fur node initializes parameter values in the context and then the CVEX program can manipulate them. The fur node reads back the modified values and uses them to generate curves.
Unlike other VEX contexts which provide global variables and special functions related to the purpose of the context (such as channel query functions in the
chop context), the CVEX context is designed for hosting generic, low-level programs, so it provides only the generic functions common to all contexts, and no special pre-defined global variables.
To get a list of all functions available in the CVEX context, open a Houdini Command Line Tools shell and type
vcc -X cvex
You can create CVEX shaders by writing VEX code directly, or by creating a VOP CVEX Shader shader node and creating a VOP network inside.
The CVEX shader type has no output node. CVEX VOP networks work by manipulating parameters. Create a Parameter node and set its Export parameter to Always, then connect VOPs to its input to export a value. To take the initial value of a parameter, manipulate it, and then export the changed value, use two Parameter nodes: one at the start of the chain with Export set to Never, and one at the end of the chain with Export set to Always.
The Houdini extension development kit (HDK) contains sample code for creating nodes that can call CVEX programs.


Talk / Passive's about time
How can progressive environmental performance be designed and delivered to stand the test of time within a sensitive historic context?
Research / SustainabilityHow to build to net zero: LETI climate emergency guide
Throughout 2019, Allies and Morrison has contributed to a number of key initiatives developed by the London Energy Transformation Initiative (LETI).
Talk / Citymakers - Five Days in Msheireb: Lessons from Msheireb
What lessons can be learned from a new sustainable project at the heart of a growing Gulf City?
Research / Madinat al IrfanWhy urban design codes?
Why urban design codes? The role these technical instructions can play in generating positive social outcomes.


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strong and bold
The strong and bold tags are HTML elements that are used to give emphasis to a word or phrase in a web page.
The strong tag is used to indicate that its contents are of greater importance than the surrounding text. The strong tag is typically displayed in bold text by web browsers. Here's an example:
This is a normal paragraph. This text is important.
On the other hand, the bold tag is used to make its contents appear in bold text. Here's an example:
This is a normal paragraph. This text is bold.
Difference between strong and bold
Both the strong and bold tags can be used to give emphasis to a word or phrase, but the strong tag carries more semantic meaning than the bold tag. In other words, the strong tag is used to indicate that its contents are important in the context of the surrounding text, while the bold tag is used solely for visual purposes.
Strong and bold tags for SEO
The strong and bold elements can be relevant for search engine optimization (SEO) because they can help to convey the meaning and structure of the content on a web page.
When optimizing a web page for search engines, it's important to ensure that the page's content is well-structured, relevant, and useful to users. The strong and bold elements can be used to give emphasis to important words and phrases, which can help to draw the reader's attention to key points and can make the content easier to scan and understand.
However, it's important to use these elements sparingly and only to highlight truly important content. Overuse of the strong and bold elements, or using them for spammy or irrelevant content, can actually hurt the page's SEO performance.
It is generally recommended to use the strong element to semantically mark important content, rather than the bold element. This helps to ensure that the meaning of the content is conveyed to users and to search engines, even if the bold styling is not applied.


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Want the full lesson plan?
|Skills & Connections||Age|
– Measurements and length
– Basic forces
– Testing and data gathering
– Engineering design process
Project 1: Lighting Solutions
Students from an urban school became aware that a corner of their classroom is darker than they'd like.
Student design goals:
Students aimed to brighten the dark corner such that the brightness could maintain the same brightness for a period of time with an easily changeable power source and a working switch at a height that a student could access. Furthermore, only battery power was feasible as there was no electrical outlet available, and the students could not use a bulb bigger than a small bulb or an LED.
A group of four students experimented with different combinations of batteries and bulbs making a number of working circuits. After a working circuit was created, they worked on other smaller problems such as how to easily change the battery, how to attach the circuit to the wall, how to keep all the pieces of the circuit securely attached together, and how to create a switch all students could access. The team connected three small light bulb holders in a parallel circuit. The switch was created by connecting two alligator clips together.
Project 2: Storage Solutions
Students from an urban school realize the backpack and jacket storage area is too cramped and crowded.
Student design goals:
Students aimed to create a storage solution that allows for more space and different sized bags and jackets. Existing hooks assume that everyone needs the same amount of space. This project required that not only would the new racks allow for adaptable and easily accessible space for bags of varying size, but they would use pre-existing mounting points in the classroom without drilling into the brick.
A group of three students cleared clutter and installed a more adaptable storage unit comprised of a PVC pipe, 90 degree elbows, and S-hooks. The students debated amongst each other how to best attach the PVC pipe to the existing structure. The original plan, constructed with the aid of the teacher, did not work. Students were integral in the making of the device, using hand tools with the aid of the teacher.


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[Editor's note: This interactive visualization browses the CIA World Factbook topology of geography by country. Featured edge relationships include neighboring countries, spoken language, and more.]
Republished from Moritz.Stefaner.
This radial browser was designed to display complex concept network structures in a snappy and intuitive manner. It can be used to visualize conceptual structures, social networks, or anything else that can be expressed in nodes and links.
The CIA Factbook demo
displays the relations of countries, continents, languages and oceans found in the CIA world factbook database
. Click the center node for detail information or click adjacent nodes to put them in the center. The arrows on the top left can be used to navigate your click history. Use the dropdown in the upper right to directly access nodes by name. The varying distance to the center node for nodes with many neighbors was only introduced to enhance legibility and does not have a special semantics.


On Demand
Shades of Gray: Perspectives on Aging Attorneys
1h 2m
Created on October 22, 2018
It's been called the "Senior Tsunami" – the wave of attorneys reaching retirement age and beyond. This program will cover the challenges faced by the profession, and those working within it, with an aging, and often times, cognitively impaired population. How do you respond when an attorney begins to exhibit signs of cognitive impairment? What are your ethical responsibilities to the firm, its clients and the lawyer? What resources are available to guide your decision-making and find help? What rules/policies are currently in place to govern the disciplinary problems that often times result, and what are some suggestions for the future?
We will discuss answers to these questions, as well as the medical issues associated with aging, the effects on an attorneys' ability to practice, disciplinary perspectives, risk management and potential malpractice actions, and the resources available to those impacted by the "graying" of the profession.
Learning Objectives:
 1. Explore the challenges faced by the legal profession due to the increasing wave of aging attorneys
 2. Examine how to respond when an attorney exhibits signs of cognitive impairment, including an understanding of your ethical responsibilities
 3. Review resources available to attorneys seeking guidance on these matters
Explore Lawline Subscriptions


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Weak pulse; Absent pulse
Definition of Pulse – weak or absent
A weak pulse means you have difficulty feeling a person's pulse (heartbeat). An absent pulse means you cannot detect a pulse at all.
Linda Vorvick, MD, Family Physician, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. – 2/22/2009


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The Hierophant & The Wheel of Fortune Tarot Card Combination and Meaning
The Hierophant and The Wheel of Fortune Tarot Card Combination
The Tarot cards hold great insight into the human experience and have the ability to reveal deeper meaning and purpose to our lives. The combination of The Hierophant
and The Wheel of Fortune
is a powerful pair that speaks to spiritual growth and karmic destiny. In this article, we will explore the meaning of these Tarot cards individually before delving into their combined significance.
The Hierophant Card
The Hierophant card, also known as The Pope or The High Priest, represents tradition, structure, and order. It embodies the energy of a spiritual leader and symbolises the need for guidance and wisdom to navigate life's challenges. The Hierophant card can be seen as a reminder to listen to one's intuition and seek out higher knowledge from mentors, teachers, or spiritual figures.
At its core, The Hierophant card invites us to explore our connection with the divine and recognise the spiritual truths that govern our lives. This card represents a time of seeking wisdom, learning, and growth. It suggests coming into alignment with traditional values, such as religion or cultural customs, or connecting with one's inner voice to achieve a deeper understanding of the world.
The Wheel of Fortune Card
In contrast, The Wheel of Fortune card represents the cyclical nature of life and the constant flux of good and bad times. It shows the ups and downs that we all face on our journey through life and reminds us that, even in the midst of chaos, we have the power to change our fate. The Wheel of Fortune card suggests that the universe is in constant motion and everything is connected. It signifies that what goes around comes around, and that we should remain humble in both success and failure.
The Wheel of Fortune card serves as a powerful reminder that life is full of surprises, and that we are constantly at the mercy of fate. But, it also reminds us of our own power and the ability to make conscious choices that can impact our lives in meaningful ways.
The Meaning of The Hierophant and The Wheel of Fortune Tarot Cards Together
When The Hierophant and The Wheel of Fortune cards appear together, the combination suggests a time of spiritual growth and a call to action to take control of one's own destiny. This Tarot card combination acknowledges that life is a journey of twists and turns, and that we all have a role to play in shaping our own futures.
The Hierophant's emphasis on tradition and structure combined with The Wheel of Fortune's cyclical nature suggests that it is only through connecting with our spirituality and coming into alignment with our higher selves that we can learn to navigate the ups and downs of life. The combination indicates that now is the time to seek out guidance from trusted mentors or spiritual leaders and to remain open to learning and growth.
At its core, this Tarot card combination speaks to the idea of taking responsibility for one's own destiny. It suggests that we have the power to create positive change in our lives by staying grounded in our spiritual beliefs and remaining humble in the face of the unknown.
In conclusion, The Hierophant and The Wheel of Fortune Tarot card combination is a powerful reminder of the importance of spiritual growth and existential responsibility. It encourages us to recognise the cyclical nature of life and to stay centred in our beliefs as we navigate its ups and downs. By acknowledging our own power, we can create the future we desire and leave our mark on the world.