text:
The Cornell Alliance for Science is an initiative for science-based agricultural communications that is focused on the global public good.
- The Alliance 's network of diverse stakeholders is committed to:
- Helping un-mute voices of potential beneficiaries of agricultural science and biotechnology in developing countries;
- Forming alliances with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other partners who share common values around poverty reduction and sustainable agriculture;
- Expanding the range of choices about plants and livestock for farmers and consumers by providing access to information about available technologies;
- Reclaiming the conversation around agricultural biotechnology so that scienceand evidence-based perspectives drive decision-making.
The Alliance will build and foster a globally coordinated communications platform to connect, equip, and empower public sector partners in their communication efforts by providing evidence-based information resources and training activities. Communication resources are accessible to a wide variety of audiences, ranging from the general public to researchers, policymakers, journalists, and other stakeholders.
The Alliance will help foster more constructive policies about biotechnology as a useful tool in the toolbox of food security and sustainability to help address global challenges such as persistent poverty, a changing and erratic climate, and the formidable task of feeding 9 billion people by 2050.
Africa | Asia
Aug 2014 – Aug 2017


Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dental practice
 1. Lookup NU author(s)
 2. Dr Iain Macleod
 3. Neil Heath
Author(s)Macleod I, Heath N
Publication type Article
JournalDental Update
ISSN (print)0305-5000
Cone-beam CT is an exciting development in dental and maxillofacial imaging. This article gives an overview of the subject and discusses some of the implications for dental practitioners. Clinical Relevance: Dentists should be aware of technological advances that potentially are going to have major implications on their practice. They should have knowledge of the indications, limitations and implications before considering using such equipment.
PublisherGeorge Warman Publications Ltd.
Actions Link to this publication


text:
What is SCIM?
Smart Common Input Method platform, in short SCIM, is a development platform to make Input Method developer life easier. It honors a very clear architecture and provides a pretty simple and powerful programming interface.
There are many Input Method programs and platforms living in the world, such as XIM, IIIMF, UIM, kinput, XCIN, Chinput etc. Then why we do want another Input Method platform?
First of all, SCIM is a common IM platform written in C++. It abstracts input method interface into several classes and try to make these classes as simple and independent as possible. With such simple interfaces, developers can write their own input method in a few lines code very easily.
Second, SCIM is highly modularized: most components can be implemented as dynamically loadable modules, thus can be loaded at runtime as you wish. For example, input methods written for SCIM could be IMEngine modules, and users can use such IMEngine modules combined with different interface modules (FrontEnd) in different environment without rewrite/recompile the IMEngine modules.
Third, SCIM is a higher level library comparing with XIM or IIIMF.It has much simpler interface than XIM and IIIMF. And it can work with XIM or even IIIMF (in the future). SCIM can also support client specific input method interface, like gtk2 immodule and qt immodule.
Key features of SCIM:
* Fully Object Oriented structure written in C++. * Highly modularized. * Very flexible architecture, can be used as a dynamically loaded library as well as a C/S input method environment. * Simple programming interface. * Fully i18n support with UCS-4/UTF-8 encoding. * Include many handy utility functions to speedup the development. * GUI Panel with very rich features. * Unified configuration framework.
The goal of SCIM:
* Act as an unified frontend for current available input method libraries. Currently bindings to uim and m17n library are available. * Act as a language engine of IIIMF input method framework (TBD). * Provide as many native IMEngines as possible. * Support as many input method protocol/interface as possible. * Support as many operating systems as possible.
-- Main.- 18 Aug 2004

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Not a lot of people know this.....but
Did you know that they cannot move their eyes? Their eyes are fixed, so they have to move their whole head! In fact they can turn their heads 135 degrees in either direction!
A group of owls is called a "Parliament"
The owl is associated with the Greek goddess of wisdom: Athena, ( also known as Minerva in roman mythology)
Owl flight is silent.
An owl's face is flattened to help funnel sound to their ears.
Owls have two toes forward, and two toes backwards.
This is a SpoonOwl, made from a large teaspoon. it has toes.
The owl doorstops I make have no toes at all.
Owls have three eyelids, one for blinking, one for sleeping and one for keeping their eyes healthy and clean.
An owls ears are positioned asymmetrically, and are different sizes to help it tell where a sound is coming from.
There are around 216 species of owls, and as far as I know, none of them are green.
Wishing you all a Merry Christmas
Keep Well,
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text:
There is no alternative
(shortened as TINA
) was a slogan of which Margaret Thatcher
, the radical British Prime Minister
was fond. In economics
, and political economy
, it has come to mean that despite capitalism's problems
, "there is no alternative" to the status quo of their economic system and neoliberalism
. This is the central slogan of neoliberalism
, arguing that free markets
, free trade
, and capitalist globalization
are the only way in which modern societies can go, as any deviation from their doctrine is certain to lead to disaster.
Susan George, a prominent critic of neoliberal globalization disagrees by saying "TATA!" (There Are Thousands of Alternatives), which also refers to the main political slogan of the alter-globalization movement: "another world is possible".
In the early nineties, Francis Fukuyama wrote a book named The End of History and the Last Man, which in a similar strain argued that liberal democracy had triumphed over communism and the historical struggle between political systems was over (though there could still be future events).
- Margaret Thatcher's key speeches searched for "there is no alternative". There were numerous uses with variations.


text:
Company Name __________________________ Job Name __________________________ Date________
Gasoline is so commonly used and easily obtained that people forget how
dangerous it is. Consequently, many persons are killed or injured every year
because of not handling gasoline safely. Keep in mind the points we will discuss
today, whether you're using gasoline at home or on the job. Gasoline is
manufactured to be used only as a motor fuel. In this way, it can be a useful
product. But when used in other ways, it can be deadly.
HAVE YOU EVER DONE THIS?
Have you ever used
gasoline to clean your hands or to wipe off a piece of equipment? Have you ever
spilled gasoline while fueling an engine? Have you ever started a fire with
gasoline or smoked while filling a container? All of us at one time or another
have violated these and other safety rules when using this potentially dangerous
SOME FACTS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT GASOLINE
- Gasoline doesn't
burn. Do you believe that? Well, it's true. It's the gasoline vapors that burn.
Gasoline evaporates at temperatures as low as 45oF below zero. The
higher the temperature, the faster it evaporates, and the heavier the buildup of
- Gasoline vapors are heavier than air and will collect at the lowest
point in an area, unless there's adequate air circulation.
- An open flame isn't necessary to ignite gasoline vapors. One spark is
all it takes.
- Gasoline can irritate the
skin and cause a rash that can become infected. If you get it on your skin, wash
it off with water right away. If you get it on your clothing, take your clothing
off immediately. You could become a human torch.
You should have surmised from the above facts that it's dangerous to use
gasoline to clean tools or parts or to remove grease from your hands.
Don't store gasoline in
the wrong kind of a container. Sometimes, glass containers are used to hold this
liquid. For example, a man going on a camping trip filled a glass jar with
gasoline and put it in the back of the car. As he was driving through the
mountains, his car hit a bad bump. The jug broke and the gasoline vapors caught
fire. The car burned - along with the driver and his family. Keep
gasoline in a safety can, such as those listed for this purpose by the
Underwriters Laboratories. Mark the container with the word
"gasoline", so that people will not mistake it for something else.
An empty gas container is more dangerous than a full one. If the
lingering vapors inside the can mix with the proper amount of air and are
ignited, a violent explosion will result. That's why it's so important to
thoroughly clean any empty containers previously filled with gasoline before
welding or soldering on them.
TRANSFERRING GASOLINE FROM ONE CONTAINER TO ANOTHER
Transfer gasoline from one container to another only in areas free from
open flames, sparks, and where there is proper ventilation. Clean up any spills
immediately. Static electricity can be generated while pouring gasoline from one
container to another. One method to prevent this build-up of static electricity
is to keep the two metal containers in contact with one another. Or better yet,
connect the containers with a bonding wire until you have finished pouring.
DON'T BE SELFISH
Today you have seen that handling gasoline improperly can be as dangerous as playing Russian Roulette or sticking your head into a loaded cannon. Don't keep the tips you have learned about gasoline to yourself. Pass them on to your family, so they'll never misuse this dangerous substance found so of ten around the home.
Job Specific Topics:_______________________________________________________________________________________

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


The Simplified Modified Rational Method is a runoff method common to the USA, used to generate flows in place of a full hyetograph. This method benefits from easy confirmation of results by hand. This method should not be confused with the UK based Modified Rational Method used to generate peak flows during the Network Design.
Due to its static nature, this runoff method does not require dynamic rainfall, and a single or multiple IDF Table can be used. Most design storms can be used as well, as they hold or can generate IDF tables internally. User Defined rainfall or non-IDF deriving rainfall types (e.g. SCS, Long Term or Observed) cannot be used for static analysis.
In order to perform a sizing analysis using the Simplified Modified Rational Method, two conditions must be met:
 - Each inflow in the phases to be analysed must be using the Simplified Modified Rational runoff method.
 - The Analysis Criteria must be set to use Static method, and a suitable rainfall selected.
This method assumes that the rainfall intensity averaging period is equal to the actual storm duration. This means that the rainfall and runoff that occur before and after the rainfall averaging period are not accounted for. Therefore, the Modified Rational Method may underestimate the required storage volume for any given storm event.
The Simplified Modified Rational Method should normally be used in homogeneous drainage areas of less than 20 acres, with a Time of Concentration of less than 20 minutes.
Calculations are outlined in more detail in the Norfolk, Virginia Engineering Calculations document (pages 5-12 to 5-17).
The method involves the use of the standard rational method equation to generate a peak flow that is then converted into an inflow hydrograph using the following formula:
Q = Flow
Cf = Runoff Coefficient (Adjustment) Factor - Accounts for reduction of infiltration and other losses during high intensity storms
C = Runoff Coefficient
I = Rainfall Intensity – Selected from an IDF table based on the duration
A = Area
The hydrograph is then created using some additional parameter to describe the shape of the curve. These are:
 - Duration of Peak, or rainfall averaging period, Td – The duration to run the storm for before the start of the regression (drain down) limb. This must be greater than or equal to the time of concentration. Where equal the curve is a triangular hydrograph.
 - Recession Limb Multiplier - The time taken to drop back from the peak to zero after the duration of the event. This defaults to 1 to give a triangular curve, but may be increased to give a longer drain down. A value of 1.5 is commonly used as it better reflects the SCS runoff.
The graph starts at 0, 0 and then builds up to the peak flow for the Tc value. It will then remain at that flow rate until Td, at which point it will drop back to zero based on the recession multiplier * Tc.
Images taken from the Norfolk, Virginia Engineering Calculations, Figure 5-5


Made in the USA Series: Clothing. What to do when there is no "Made in the USA" Choice?
Meg and I are pretty careful with our shopping choices. So we took the challenge and rummaged through our closets. Almost none of our clothing is made in the U.S.A. More than 50 % of my clothes are made in China with a smattering from SE Asia, Mexico and countries I have never heard of before. Only a few things from St. John Knit, Eileen Fisher and Talbot's, plus some really old clothes were made in the U.S. Meg's clothes are primarily from China and SE Asia, with a few things made in Italy. The occasional "off" brand will be made in the U.S., but otherwise, the majority of our closets are filled with shirts, sweaters, shoes, bags, belts, etc. that have "Made in China" stamped somewhere.
So the issue for today is what to do when you shop for clothing or other items not made in the U.S.A. It is really important to understand that all clothing made outside of the U.S.A is not the same. One of the most important terms we had never heard about before this week was SA8000, a tool to implement UN conventions already in place. It has been described as the "first universal standard for ethical sourcing". Designed to advance human rights among workers on a global basis, it is a voluntary program based on setting standard for businesses. It was developed, and is overseen, by Social Accountability International, a non-profit organization. It accredits and monitors organizations for the purpose of setting standards for ethical working conditions. SA8000 standards include:
1) minimum age 15; 14 in developing countries;
2) prohibits forced labor;
3) provides safe and healthy work environment, access to bathrooms and potable water;
4) respects the right of workers to form and join trade unions and bargain collectively;
5) prohibits discrimination based on race, caste, origin, religion, disability, gender, sexual orientation, union or political affiliation, or age; prohibits sexual harassment;
6) prohibits corporal punishment, mental or physical coercion or verbal abuse;
7) limits work to 48 hours per week with overtime at premium wages up to 12 hours per week;
8) requires living wage, no disciplinary deductions from wages.;
9) requires companies that want to gain and maintain certification to integrate the standards of SA8000 into their management systems and practices.
Worldwide, as of 2010, companies in 62 countries were participating in the SA8000 certification process. These companies employ more than 1.3 million people in SA8000 certified facilities, in countries such as China, India, Turkey, Viet Nam and Brazil. Many U.S. companies are committed to contracting only with suppliers who are SA8000 certified, including such companies as Levi Strauss, Nike and Eileen Fisher. We are struggling to find a list of U.S. companies that support SA8000, so if you can't identify immediately whether a company is in compliance, we encourage you to ask. We sure will!
UPDATE on 2/10/12: If you would like to see a list of Member Companies and Brands, please visit the following link:
Member Companies and Brands for Social Accountability Certifications
Made in USA Series: The Grocery Store
I have always made an effort to buy local. Usually this has translated into frequenting the local farmers' market or perhaps stopping by a roadside stand. However, I still go to the grocery store for most of my food items. This is where the challenge begins.
The bulk of my grocery items tend to be fresh produce. I know a lot of people buy frozen veggies and canned goods, but something about fresh, crunchy fruits and vegetables just makes me happy. They smell better, taste better, and overall make me feel better. But does it matter where exactly they come from? I think so. Not necessarily for health reasons, though many would say this is a factor, but also for environmental and economic reasons. Buying locally grown produce helps support local farms (economic benefit) as well as increased sustainability (environmental benefit).
If you're standing in the grocery store and you want to buy tomatoes, as I was the other day, most of the labels are likely to say "Product of Mexico" on them. (Please note, I have nothing against Mexico, or any other country where many things are grown, I just think it's important to support U.S. farms and lower our carbon footprint by buying in the U.S.). However, if you search through the different tomato varieties, you can find some that say "Product of USA." They may cost the same. The Mexico tomatoes might be a little cheaper. But think about the cost of getting those Mexico tomatoes into your grocery store compared to the USA tomatoes. It took more gasoline, they've likely traveled at least a day longer and are therefore not as fresh, and they're not products of U.S. farms. It's like outsourcing our call centers to India. We've outsourced our tomatoes to Mexico. But why? We certainly don't need to if we can produce tomatoes here in the U.S. Well, I pose that it's because when faced with the decision of which tomatoes to buy at the store, many people will still buy the tomatoes produced in Mexico. It's not that they mean to choose between Mexico and USA, they just don't think about it.
So here is my challenge to you, a challenge I am currently taking on myself. Try to buy fresh produce that says "Product of USA" on the sticker. It's not as difficult as you might think. Sure, there are a few things you might sacrifice. Last week I couldn't find any grapes from the U.S., nor could I find local bananas. But everything else has a U.S. grown version if you just take the time to look. Tomatoes, peppers, all kinds of lettuce, fennel, apples, oranges, berries…the list goes on.
Please feel free to share what kinds of produce you can find with a USA sticker, and what produce you can't find. It will be interesting to see what kinds of U.S. grown fruits and vegetables are more easily available around the country.
Made in the USA: The importance of buying local
How much of what you buy is actually made in the USA? My mother and I were discussing this very topic the other day. We both make it a point to buy U.S. made products whenever possible. Obviously, it's difficult to make sure everything we buy is made here, but if you're patient, you can find many U.S. made options for almost any product.
"Made in USA" used to be a considered a stamp of quality. You knew that if you bought something made here in the States, it was going to be top quality and last forever. While that may still be the case, unfortunately, people just don't think about where products are made anymore. As a result, it becomes more and more difficult for corporations to justify the "higher cost of labor" to have products made here and not somewhere else. So where do they go? Where does almost every "Made in…" stamp say? China.
I don't have anything against China. From what I know, and I only know from what others have told me based on their experiences, China is filled with smart, kind people who care about the world and how to keep things in balance. These are definitely concepts I find valuable. My only problem with China, quite frankly, is that everyone here complains about how frustrated they are that we are dependent on China to keep our economy running. I have no idea how to approach that frustration, but I do know that we can all start by buying local.
There are a lot of products still made in the USA, you just have to make an effort to look for them. It may mean you have to be patient at times, but if we all make an effort to avoid buying products made somewhere else, then we can do our part to support our own economy and our own workers. Personally, I have been looking for a desk to use at home for several months now. Part of the wait was because I didn't find anything I liked, but also because I wanted to desk I bought to be made here. Sure enough, when Jake and I went to the hardware store this week, there it was. A nice, simple desk made by Sauder Woodworking Company, manufactured in Ohio. It wasn't even expensive, which is usually a concern people have about buying local. It was perfect.
So with that in mind, I challenge you to buy local. Whether you are looking for clothing, appliances, vegetables; with almost every product, you can find something "Made in USA." Some products may be more expensive, but not all of them are. Some of them are still considered top quality, like St. John Knits, Levi Jeans, Maytag, KitchenAid, Lenox fine china, Simon Pearce glassware. One of my personal favorites, Harley Davidson, has a major manufacturing center in Kansas City. Ford still makes their vehicles in Detroit. If you just take the time to look at the label before you buy, you really can do your part to support the U.S. economy.


text:
**Cat Eye and Adaptive Lighting: Illuminating Special Conditions with Precision**
Chevrolet's Cat Eye design, renowned for its aesthetic allure, goes beyond mere visual appeal. One of its standout features lies in the ability to adapt its illumination to special driving conditions, ensuring optimal visibility and safety. In this article, we explore how the Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system navigates various challenging scenarios with precision.
**1. Dynamic Turn Signals:**
Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system often includes dynamic turn signals, enhancing visibility during turns or lane changes. The lights intuitively follow the direction of the vehicle's movement, alerting other road users to your intended actions. This feature is especially valuable in busy urban environments or on highways with multiple lanes.
**2. Auto-Leveling for Uneven Terrain:**
In off-road or uneven terrain conditions, the Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system incorporates auto-leveling technology. This ensures that the lights adjust to the vehicle's angle, providing consistent illumination of the road ahead. Auto-leveling contributes to a safer off-road driving experience by reducing blind spots and maintaining clear visibility.
**3. Adaptive Beam Control:**
To avoid dazzling oncoming drivers and ensure a focused beam on the road, Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system may include adaptive beam control. This technology adjusts the angle and range of the headlights based on factors such as vehicle speed, steering input, and environmental conditions. The result is a precisely controlled beam that optimizes visibility without causing discomfort to others.
**4. Weather-Responsive Lighting:**
In adverse weather conditions, such as heavy rain or snow, the Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system can respond dynamically. The lights may adjust their intensity and focus to cut through precipitation, providing a clear view of the road ahead. This adaptability enhances safety by optimizing visibility in challenging weather.
**5. Cornering Lights for Enhanced Curves:**
When navigating curves or tight corners, the Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system may activate cornering lights. These additional lights illuminate the path in the direction of the turn, enhancing peripheral visibility and reducing the risk of surprises in low-visibility scenarios. This feature is particularly beneficial during nighttime driving.
**6. Low-Speed Illumination:**
In low-speed driving scenarios, such as parking or maneuvering in tight spaces, the Cat Eye's adaptive lighting system may offer specialized low-speed illumination. This focused and controlled lighting helps drivers navigate confined spaces with precision, minimizing the risk of collisions or mishaps.
**7. Highway Mode for Extended Range:**
During highway driving, the adaptive lighting system may engage a specialized mode that extends the range of illumination. This enhances visibility for drivers at higher speeds, providing a clear view of the road ahead and potential obstacles in the distance. Highway mode contributes to a safer driving experience, especially during long-distance travel.
**8. User-Selectable Modes:**
Some Cat Eye models may offer user-selectable lighting modes, allowing drivers to customize the adaptive lighting system based on their preferences or specific driving conditions. This flexibility empowers drivers to tailor the illumination to suit their individual needs, enhancing the overall driving experience.
**Conclusion: Precision Illumination for Every Drive**
In conclusion, Chevrolet's Cat Eye design goes beyond aesthetics by incorporating an adaptive lighting system that excels in various driving conditions. Whether navigating turns, braving adverse weather, or cruising on the highway, the Cat Eye's precision illumination enhances safety and visibility. This seamless integration of style and functionality reinforces the Cat Eye's status as a beacon of innovation in automotive design.


text:
Intelligent Resource Management in Peer-to-Peer Overlays
Emin Gun Sirer
In this talk, I will describe a new resource management framework that enables distributed systems to be built with strong performance and resource usage guarantees. The critical insight behind this framework, called Honeycomb, is to formalize the core tradeoffs in distributed systems as a mathematical optimization problem. The framework then provides strong performance and resource usage guarantees by minimizing a targeted cost function subject to constraints in a distributed fashion.
I will outline the Honeycomb framework and describe how we recently applied it to build three peer-to-peer systems: CoDoNS, a replacement for DNS, CobWeb, an open-access content distribution network like Akamai, and Corona, an RSS-like system for disseminating Web micronews. All three systems have been deployed on PlanetLab, and either guarantee near-optimal lookup/update performance subject to bandwidth constraints or achieve a targeted level of lookup/update performance while minimizing bandwidth and storage costs. Overall, Honeycomb represents a novel approach to building large-scale distributed systems that contrasts with past systems based on ad hoc heuristics for resource management.


Sunday, December 11, 2016
Oracle Linux - transform CSV into JSON with bash
Like it or not, a large number of outputs created by systems is still in CSV, comma separated value, file format. The amount of information that is created, and needs processing, that is represented in CSV format is large. And it is good to understand how you could script against CSV files in your Oracle Linux bash scripts. to use the information or to transform this into other formats. As an example we use the below which is a section of a output file generated by an application that logs the use of doors within a building.
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.csv
[root@localhost tmp]#
As you can see from the above data we have some information in a per-line format using a CSV format to seperate the data. In this example the fields have the following meaning:
 - The ID of the access card used
 - The status of the authorization request by the card for a certain door
 - The date the authorization request was made
 - The time the authorization request was made
 - The direction of the revolving door the request was made for
 - The usage status, this can be USED or can be TIMEOUT in case the door was not used
 - The ID for the specific revolving door
The amount of things you might want to do from a data mining or security point of view are endless, however, having a CSV file on the file system of your Oracle Linux server is not making it useful directly. You will have to do something with it. To show you how you can use bash scripting to understand the CSV file itself is shown in the below example script;
[! -f $INPUT ] && { echo "$INPUT file not found"; exit 99; }
while read cardid checkstatus checkdate checktime doordirection doorstatus doorid
 echo "card used : $cardid"
 echo "check outcome : $checkstatus"
 echo "date : $checkdate"
 echo "time : $checktime"
 echo "direction : $doordirection"
 echo "usage : $doorstatus"
 echo "door used : $doorid"
done < $INPUT
As you can see in the above example we use the IFS variable to read and separate the values in the CSV file and place them in their own respective variables. The $IFS variable is a special shell variable and stands for Internal Field Separator. The Internal Field Separator (IFS) is used for word splitting after expansion and to split lines into words with the read builtin command. Whenever trying to split lines into words you will have to look into the $IFS variable and how to use this.
The above example is quite simple and just prints the CSV file in a different way to the screen. More interesting is how you could transform a CSV file into something else, for example a JSON file. In the below example we will transform the CSV file into a correctly formatted JSON file.
# Example script on how to convert a.CSV file to a.JSON file. The
# code has been tested on Oracle Linux, expected to run on other
# Linux distributions as well.
# LOG:
# VERSION---DATE--------NAME-------------COMMENT
# 0.1 11DEC2016 Johan Louwers Initial upload to
# Copyright (C) 2016 Johan Louwers
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# GNU General Public License for more details.
# along with this code; if not, write to the Free Software
# 02110-1301, USA.
# *
# */
 [! -f $inputFile ] && { echo "$inputFile file not found"; exit 99; }
# writing the "header" section of the JSON file to ensure we have a
# good start and the JSON file will be able to work with multiple
# lines from the CSV file in a JSON array.
 echo "
# ensuring we have the number of lines from the input file as we
# have to ensure that the last part of the array is closed in a
# manner that no more information will follow. (not closing the
# the section with "}," however closing with "}" instead to
# prevent incorrect JSON formats. We will use a if check in the
# loop later to ensure this is written correctly.
 csvLength='cat $inputFile | wc -l'
 while read cardid checkstatus checkdate checktime doordirection doorstatus doorid
 echo -e " {
 \"CARDCHECK\" :
 \"CARDID\" : \"$cardid\",
 \"CHECKSTATUS\" : \"$checkstatus\",
 \"CHECKDATE\" : \"$checkdate\",
 \"CHECKTIME\" : \"$checktime\",
 \"DIRECTION\" : \"$doordirection\",
 \"DOORSTATUS\" : \"$doorstatus\",
 \"DOORID\" : \"$doorid\"
 if [ "$csvDepth" -lt "$csvLength" ];
 echo -e " },"
 echo -e " }"
 done < $inputFile
# writing the "footer" section of the JSON file to ensure we do
# close the JSON file properly and in accordance to the required
# JSON formating.
 echo " ]
As you can see, and test, you will now have a valid JSON output format. As JSON is much more the standard at this moment than CSV you can more easily use this JSON format in the next step of the process. You could for example use this to send it to a REST API endpoint for storing in a database, you can use it in a direct manner to upload it to Elasticsearch, or......
However, as stated, the entire way of working is using the $IFS variable available to you as a integrated part of the Linux shell. The above code is uploaded to github and in case of any changes they will be made only to, feel free to fork it and use it for your own projects.
Oracle Linux – short tip #4 - grep invert-match
When working and scripting with Oracle Linux you will use grep at one point in time. Grep searches the input for lines containing a match to the given pattern. By default, grep prints the matching lines.Whenever trying to find something in a file you might want to use a combination of cat and pipe the output of cat to grep to show you only the matching lines. And, as stated grep will show you only the lines that match the given pattern.
Lets assume we have the below file with some random data in it as an example;
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.txt
_TAG_ is a file with some example content
line 1 - abc
line 2 - def
line 3 - ghi
_TAG_ this is the end of the file
[root@localhost tmp]#
A simple case would be to show you some specific content, for example "abc" and print this to the screen which can be done using the below command;
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.txt | grep abc
line 1 - abc
[root@localhost tmp]#
Or we could print all lines containing "line" as shown below;
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.txt | grep line
line 1 - abc
line 2 - def
line 3 - ghi
[root@localhost tmp]#
However, this is only an example showing you how to show lines that match. Something less commonly used is a invert match, showing you all the lines that do NOT match the pattern defined. The invert match can be done using the -v option in grep.
As an example we might want to remove all the lines starting with "#" from the output. This might be very useful when for example trying to quickly read a configuration file which contains a lot of examples. For example, if you try to read the configuration file from the Apache webserver most of the httpd.conf file is examples and comments you might not be interested in and you would like to remove that from the output to quickly see what the actual active configuration is. Below is an example where we use the invert match option from grep to remove those lines from the output;
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.txt | grep -v '^#'
line 1 - abc
line 2 - def
line 3 - ghi
[root@localhost tmp]#
Even though this is already helping a bit, we might also want to remove the empty lines, to make the example more readible we show it in a couple of steps. First step is the cat, second step is the invert match on lines starting with "#" and the third step ie the invert match on empty lines;
[root@localhost tmp]# cat example.txt | grep -v '^#'| grep -v '^$'
line 1 - abc
line 2 - def
line 3 - ghi
[root@localhost tmp]#
As you might already be well up to speed in using grep and using it to match all kinds of output this means that the learning curve for using invert match is nearly zero. It is just a matter of using the -v option in grep to exclude things instead of using the include match option which is the common behavior of grep. the grep command is standard available in Oracle Linux and in almost every other Linux distribution.
Oracle Linux – short tip #3 – showing a directory tree
When navigating the Oracle Linux file system is sometimes is more comfortable as a human to see a directory tree structure in one view opposed to a "


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Image Number 3 for United States Patent _TAG_.
A rechargeable battery is utilized in many kinds of electrical appliances. However, as the battery contains harmful substances such as cadmium, it is not desired to discard the electrical appliances with the rechargeable battery from a standpoint of prevention of environmental pollution. An electrical appliance powered by an incorporated rechargeable battery of the present invention is capable of effectively engaging a tool for separating the battery from the appliance. That is to say, at least one of negative and positive electrodes of the rechargeable battery is connected to a terminal strip by spot welding. An electrical power of the battery is supplied to a circuit for operating the appliance through the terminal strip. The terminal strip also has an opening which is formed so as to engage a tool for separating the battery from the terminal strip. Therefore, when the appliance is discarded, the battery can be easily and safety separated form the electrical appliance by applying an external force to the tool engaged into the opening.


Figure 4
For a more detailed view of certain hardware elements, launch DXDIAG from the Start menu's Run dialog. Although it's designed to diagnose DirectX problems, the System, Sound, and Display tabs of the dialog provide useful information about the CPU, memory, sound card, and display adapter—including the amount of video memory ( see Figure 4 ).


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Fluorescence studies on 2,3-bis(2-methyl[b]benzothiophen-3-yl)maleic anhydride (BTMA)-doped polymer films were investigated. Poly(ethylene glycol) grafted polysiloxane (PEG-g-polysiloxane) films containing 5 wt % of BTMA were prepared by using a poly(ethylene glycol) modified sol-gel precursor and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in an acidic condition. The BTMA-doped film was transparent and showed a water contact angle of 40°. The fluorescence spectrum of BTMA in the PEG-g-polysiloxane film showed a large Stokes shift of 0.81 eV, compared to that of BTMA-doped polyethylene film at 0.65 eV. The Stokes shifts in the emission spectra of BTMA molecules in other polymeric hosts such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, and PMMA showed strong correlations with the solubility parameter and dielectric constant of the hosts and coincidentally the contact angle of the doped films. Thus it seems entirely plausible that there exist strong interactions between the excited BTMA molecules with a polar polymeric host. The more polar becomes the host, the stronger would be the interactions. The Stokes shift of 0.81 eV in PEG-g-polysiloxane is attributed to a stabilization of excited BTMA molecules in the polar PEG-g-polysiloxane system. From the plot of Stokes shift (va - vf) against [(ε - 1)/(2ε + 1) - (n2 - 1)/(2n2 + 1)] for different polymeric media, it is proposed that the excited state of BTMA molecules have a larger dipole moment than those of the ground state.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Organic Chemistry
- Polymers and Plastics
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Materials Chemistry


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Asian Dust Reaches Alaska
Image courtesy the SeaWiFS Project,
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE
This SeaWiFS view of Alaska (upper right) and the Bering Sea (center), collected on April 13, 2002, reveals an unmistakable wave of dust (brownish pixels) traveling southward along Alaskas western coastline and over the Aleutian Island chain. The dust, probably from East Asia, is easily distinguished from the bright white clouds (lower left) and the snow and ice covered surfaces on and around Alaska.
This image originally appeared on the Earth Observatory. Click here to view the full, original record.


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MATAGORDA PENINSULA. Matagorda Peninsula is a narrow strip of land separating the Gulf of Mexico from East Matagorda and Matagorda bays. It is located at 28°35' north, 96° 01' west. The peninsula is fifty-one miles long and is crossed at midpoint by the Colorado River. Brown Cedar Cut, at the northeast end of the peninsula, connects East Matagorda Bay with the Gulf. Cavallo Pass, at its south end, provides access to Matagorda Bay.
Early reference is made to the peninsula as Isla de Culebra, or Snake Island. Karankawa Indians probably inhabited the area in the summers and moved to the mainland for the winter. With cessation of the Indian threat, the peninsula opened for settlement. A small German colony of about twelve houses, midway between the Caney Creek connection and Decros Point, was destroyed in the storm of 1854, rebuilt, and destroyed again in 1875.
For many years the barrier-island peninsula played an important role in coastal defense. During the Civil War, Capt. E. S. (Ned) Rugeley lost twenty-two men in a blizzard during an attack on Yankee gunboats landing on Matagorda Peninsula. Battles on the peninsula occurred on December 29, 1863, and January 21–25, 1864.
Samuel A. Maverick moved to Decros Point on the peninsula in 1844 and received 400 cattle there the following year. Cattle drives by the Huebner family in 1919 began a tradition that continued for fifty-five years. In the early 1920s and 1930s, before the Colorado River filled in the area between Matagorda and Matagorda Peninsula, the peninsula was long and narrow and ran parallel to the mainland. Cattle made the almost two-week trip up the peninsula to Sargent. The area was known as the "Cherry" after the name of an early inhabitant. Later herds were brought directly through Matagorda, and hay was scattered on the bridge to keep animals from seeing the water. Drives helped local workers survive the Great Depression, and as late as 1975 500 to 600 cattle made spring and fall drives.
On July 30, 1941, the United States Army declared its eminent domain over the area and established a bombing and machine-gun range there. It returned the "Cherry" to the Huebner family on December 28, 1945. In 1990 Matagorda Peninsula was actually two islands with a ship channel separating them, and was largely uninhabited.
Douglas B. Comstock and Terry Lynn Galloway, Assessment of the Archeological and Historical Resources of the Area Around the Mouth of the Colorado River, Texas (Texas Archeological Survey, Research Report 19 [Austin: University of Texas, 1973]). Lorraine Bruce Jeter, Matagorda: Early History (Baltimore: Gateway, 1974). John Columbus Marr, History of Matagorda County (M.A. thesis, University of Texas, 1928). Junann J. Stieghorst, Bay City and Matagorda County (Austin: Pemberton Press, 1965). Rockette L. Woolridge, "Here Comes the Herd to Matagorda," Texas Historian, January 1975.
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article.Art Leatherwood and Diana J. Kleiner, "MATAGORDA PENINSULA," Handbook of Texas Online (_URL_ accessed May 21, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.


How Fraudsters Are Stealing Unemployment Insurance Money
Hundreds of billions of dollars issued in unemployment insurance
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed two economic stimulus packages worth approximately $4T; the Cares Act and American Rescue Plan Act.
Each provided enhanced and expanded unemployment insurance to millions of workers throughout the country.
Between March 2020 and March 2021, over $600B has been paid out in unemployment insurance benefits to over 40M Americans. Unfortunately, a significant amount of that money went to fraudsters. The U.S. Labor Department's Office of Inspector General estimates that $89B was issued to fraudsters, and there are some estimates that the number may be significantly higher than that.
Stolen credentials used to obtain unemployment insurance funds
Most would agree that stolen credentials are being used to obtain these unemployment benefits funds. The data from the Federal Trade Commission would support this. Below is a chart that shows the ID theft claims received by the FTC. In 2020, the number doubled compared to 2019. And, the number of claims in 2021 is projected to be 48% higher than in 2020 based on the number of ID theft claims received in Q1 2021.
How exactly are fraud rings, rappers, and one-off fraudsters using stolen credentials to steal unemployment benefits?
The scam to steal unemployment insurance benefits
Stolen credentials used to open a deposit account
The scam is simple - a fraudster uses stolen credentials to open a deposit account using the name, date of birth, Social Security number, and address of their victim. Then, the fraudster creates an unemployment insurance online account using these same stolen credentials. In California, for instance, this entails supplying a name, date of birth, Social Security number, and EDD Account Number which can be generated here.
The reason these fraudulent deposit account applications often get approved is because the address provided matches that of the victim. Typically, the financial institution will use a name, address, SSN, DOB match as sufficient grounds for approval.
Once a deposit account is opened, and the unemployment benefits have been processed, the fraudster remits the funds to the fraudulently opened deposit account. When the funds are received, they can be laundered through a myriad of other financial accounts such as other deposit accounts, peer-to-peer payment services or cryptocurrency platforms.
The ability to transfer funds into and out of a deposit account is generally available within three days of an account being opened. Unfortunately, when a deposit account is opened, the account owner only receives a debit card or welcome kit seven to ten days after the account was opened in the mail. At this point, the funds have typically been received into the fraudulent account and moved to a new account.
Some fraudsters will ask for their unemployment benefits to be issued to a debit card, rather than transferred to a deposit account via ACH. In these cases, they typically list an address on their unemployment insurance application that they control, rather than the address of the victim.
The byproduct of all of this is a massive influx of fraudulent applications to banks, credit unions, fintechs, or any institution offering a deposit account. Fraudulent applications could make up as much as 30% of all incoming deposit account applications or membership accounts applications in the case of credit unions.
Money mules used for the deposit account
A similar version of this scam involves the use of money mules - someone who (often unknowingly) illegally moves money on behalf of someone else. Instead of using stolen credentials to open a deposit account, fraudsters will sometimes convince someone with an existing deposit account to accept fraudulent money into their account. The fraudster then convinces the money mule to withdraw the money and give it to them either directly or through other anonymous means like Bitcoin; or to move the money electronically to other accounts managed by the fraudsters. Romance scams are a popular ploy to recruit money mules.
How to catch this scam
Strong identity verification controls are required to catch this scam when stolen credentials are used to open the deposit account. Verifying things like phone, email and identity velocity are example indicators that may signal the use of stolen credentials. Only when fraudulent deposit account applications are flagged as high risk can financial institutions conduct the appropriate review to check for fraud and reject if appropriate.
When money mules are involved, detecting this scam requires verifying the name of the unemployment insurance beneficiary matches the name on the deposit account. The challenge is in knowing when to perform this manual or automated verification. Some financial institutions set up transaction monitoring to flag accounts where the government benefit is issued from a state that is different than the state listed on the deposit account.
The key to mitigating this money laundering risk is flagging the fraudulent deposit account applications as high risk or the incoming benefits as suspicious. If they go unnoticed, the illegitimate money will likely be laundered through the financial system.
For more information on what we are seeing and how we can help, you can reach us here.
Max Best Granite Wall
Max Blumenfeld is Co-founder and COO of SentiLink. Prior to SentiLink, Max led Risk Operations and Fraud Data Science at Affirm. Max holds a degree in mathematics and economics from the University of Chicago and was named to Forbes' 30 Under 30 list in 2020.


Disability equipment hire
The wandering stay functions at an supplemental level. The wandering stay is grows stability. The rollator is applying within the wandering sticks. Height and also fat participate in a serious functio
What Are Fine Chemicals?
 The initial versions of drugs were produced by extracting substances from natural herbs and other plants. As understanding and technology in chemistry continued to grow, scientists figu


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Teacher Education Network
Teacher education is seen internationally as a key lever in improving pupil outcomes, and, ultimately, enhancing nation states' competitiveness on the global stage. The current global meta-narrative pronounces that 'teachers matter' and that it is not just more teachers but quality teachers that are required.
Recognising education as having transformative capacity focuses on the importance of teachers, highlighting the need for teachers who not only have high-level knowledge and skills, but who also have the dispositions and the social and political awareness to carry their responsibilities wisely. Thus, teacher education has never been more important, and yet it rarely attracts large-scale funding and is often accused of lacking a coherent, theoretically informed literature base
The Scottish Government investment in the 'Measuring Quality in ITE' (MQuITE) project – a collaborative, longitudinal study of teacher education quality in Scotland – has facilitated significant cross-Scotland momentum in developing a theoretically-informed empirical evidence base. Therefore, this SERA network seeks to build on this momentum and provide a forum for further consolidating and extending this collaborative effort to build research and enhance practice within teacher education.
TEN welcomes membership from researchers (established academics and research students), research users (GTCS, Education Scotland/SCEL, RICs, Scottish Government) and practitioners. Anyone interested in joining the network should contact the network convenors.
Aileen Kennedy _EMAIL_
Nicola Carse _EMAIL_
Network activities for coming year
- Establish TEN aims and communication strategy and share on SERA website.
- Develop membership of TEN by hosting local discussion events in the north, east and west of Scotland
- Launch network meeting and symposium at the SERA 2019 conference
- Hold one national seminar


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According to the release, children are susceptible to the irritation — which can cause painful and itchy skin eruptions — after repeated use of wooden toilet seats or those with harsh cleaning chemical residue.
Johns Hopkins Children''s Center investigator Bernard Cohen, M.D. said: "Toilet seat dermatitis is one of those legendary conditions described in medical textbooks and seen in underdeveloped countries, but one that younger pediatricians have not come across in their daily practice. If our small analysis is any indication of what''s happening, we need to make sure the condition is on every pediatrician''s radar."
Cohen says that toilet seats and cleaners — both at home and school — may be the culprit for irritation.
To prevent toilet seat dermatitis, Cohen recommends: Using paper toilet seat covers in public restrooms; replacing wooden toilet seats with plastic ones; cleaning toilet seats and bowls daily; and avoiding harsh cleaners containing skin irritants like phenol and formaldehyde, the story noted.
Lead Researcher Ivan Litvinov, Ph.D. said: "Some of the children in our study suffered for years before the correct diagnosis was made."
Researchers also noted that persistently irritated skin is vulnerable to bacteria and may lead to more serious infections, the story added.
Click here to read the complete article.


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Automation with dsClient Terminal
One of the automation options provided by dsTest is controlling dsClient Terminal with scripts. This allows you to develop automation scripts in the tool of your choice and embed dsClient command execution. You can read more about all of the features provided for test automation in Automated Testing Support.
You'll find examples using several scripting languages in /usr/local/devsol/dsTest/lib/.
The –c option enables you to specify a command as part of invoking dsClient:
dsClient -c
In this usage dsClient executes the specified command, prints any response received from dsTest to standard out and then exits.
Note that the dsTest commands must be enclosed in quotes if there is a space character in the command.
dsClient -c "hlr:example_hlr start"
starts the HLR Node named example_hlr
dsClient -c "wait 1000"
causes the a wait period of one second
dsClient -c "hlr:example_hlr action event::cancel rate::10"
starts a cancel event at the rate of 10 events per-second on the HLR node example_hlr
The following examples are commands using TCL exec:
The examples below use the variable $dsClient, which equates to /usr/local/devsol/bin/dsClient.
exec $dsClient -d -c " start"
sends a start command to the node node_name on the dsTest server at IP_address
exec $dsClient -d -c "source ConfigFile.xml"
sources the file ConfigFile.xml on the dsTest server at IP_address
exec $dsClient -d -c "diameter socket ip_address "
sets the diameter socket IP address to IP_Address_2 on the node named Node_Name on the dsTest server at IP_Address
Refer to Commands and Syntax for more information about the syntax used to address elements, attributes, and values.


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Associations have been observed between an aggregate viral load measure, the community viral load, and new HIV diagnoses. The community viral load aggregates viral loads within chosen geographic areas, restricting inferences about HIV acquisition risk to these areas. We develop a more precise metric, the network viral load (NVL), to measure the composite viral load within a risk network of a HIV-negative individual.Methods:
We examined the relationship between NVL and HIV infection among young men who have sex with men in Chicago, United States. Networks were generated using respondent-driven sampling. NVL was defined as the prevalence of viremic individuals in one's risk network, characterized as those with a viral load ≥20 k copies per milliliter. Permutation tests were conducted to account for dependency.Results:
After controlling for total connections, age, substance use during sex, syphilis diagnosis (previous 12 months), and frequency of condomless anal sex (previous 6 months), we found a positive association between NVL and HIV infection. Compared with a network with all HIV-seronegative members, the odds of HIV infection with an NVL of <10% viremia were 1.85 (95% confidence interval: 1.18 to 2.92) times higher and those with an NVL of ≥10% viremia were 2.73 (95% confidence interval: 1.54 to 4.85) times higher.Conclusions:
We found a positive association between NVL and HIV seroprevalence. Although limited in its ability to infer causality, NVL could have substantial public health implications for persons most at risk for HIV infection, given that this novel metric avoids overreliance on individual level behavior or broad community indices.


Post feature RSS Lore of the Lands of Ammox
Codex Lore, Lorem Impressum The historical archives behind the Lands of Ammox.
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Codex Lore, Lorem Impressum
The historical archives behind the Lands of Ammox.
What kind of game is this?
This is a fantasy MMO (Massively Multi-Player On-line) game. The game is currently available in computers and smart-devices (e.g., Android™ or iPad© or iPhone© or iPod touch©).
Is there a board game that I can buy?
No. There is no board game available as it would be just too boring to play.
The board game begets amusing questions such as:How would you possibly play as two Faction sides with 3 players?
Who would be the evil King? How do I simulate PvP (Player vs. Player fights) in a board game?
Would the game be over once the board-game is completed? Would players eventually act parts of the lore and in-game quests in real life?
Lore of the Lands of Sivloreia
The historians recorded the feuds and battles between four kingdoms. These four kingdoms were united and then divided into two warring Factions.
The four kingdoms of Sivloreia were constantly at war. Their names were lost through the passing of times. Sivloreia was razed by war and fell into an age of darkness under famine, constant hostilities and mysteries. Years of prosperity disappeared within a blink of an eye and the land now lay in ruin.
The First Ages
A long time ago, there lived a king who rule in an upright manner - just and impartial. His name was King Danvrudi and he reigned the four kingdoms of Sivloreia for fifty years.Under King Danvrudi, the four kingdoms of Sivloreia was united. He formed it into a peaceful and prosperous country. People recounted their times of happiness where there were continuous seasons of bountiful harvests, trade, and wealth.
In His youth, Danvrudi found a fair maiden famed for her poetry and her hand-crafted tapestry. Her name was Esmiraldiva, she eventually became His wife and received the title of Queen consort.
She bore two sons, Fonzurno and Thimyoz. Fonzurno was naughty, while Thimyoz was mischievous. They both caused causing grief and anguish to the King.
She ultimately passed away during the childbirth of their third child. The baby survived and she was named Merinyilm. To the king, she was a reminder of His wife and she became the jewel in His eyes.
Fonzurno, the eldest, was head-strong and wanted to succeed the throne. Thimyoz, on the other hand, was simple-minded and wanted to keep a simple life and to hold strong onto his father's traditions. Lastly, Merinyilm was well-loved by everyone. She was always the mediator between her quarrelling brothers and ensured peace was maintained at home.
As the time passed by, King Danvrudi grew fonder of Merinyilm and secretly decided that his successor will be Merinyilm. He secretly held a meeting with his trusted right hand man to redo His will. He disavowed his two sons from succeeding his throne, and He named his daughter Merinyilm as the next rightful ruler. No one else knew about this.
The truth was not revealed until the time of King Danvrudi's passing when the will was read in the presence of everyone. The princess did not attend because she was sent by her father to the Islands of Mew for the inauguration of a new school.
Both the princes were shocked at the revelation that their father had written them out from succeeding the throne.
Prince Fonzurno questioned the will and wondered if it was a sham, while Prince Thimyoz wondered if his father had left him any gold so as he could laze all day without being disturbed. As for Princess Merinyilm, she hadn't the slightest idea that she was next in line for the throne.
During Princess Merinyilm's absence, Prince Fonzurno ruled on behalf of his sister until her return and sent his brother, Prince Thimyoz, far north for official duties. For Prince Thimyoz, it was better that he commanded and ruled the armies in the northern regions of Sivloreia.
Up north, there were mines in the snow-lands where stones, minerals, and ore were extracted for Opals jewels, silvery Iridium armor, and sinewy Rhodiums.
Upon Princess Merinyilm's return, the Queen's Coronation took place and Princess Merinyilm was crowned Queen. For Prince Fonzurno, he starved for more power - the only way was to usurp the throne. The throne was rightfully his. He was the first born son and therefore the rightful king. To him, his father's will meant nothing. High taxes, strong armies, and ruling with an iron-fist were things in his mind.
Five seasons after the Queen's coronation, disaster struck in the Northern lands, two mines had caved in due to an avalanche. Citizens from nearby villages were called to help in the search for survivors. It was so grave that Queen Merinyilm personally went there to give her support in the aid.
This time, in Queen Merinyilm's absence, Prince Fonzurno seized this golden opportunity for a coup with his loyal followers and to usurp the throne. He called for a coup with his loyal followers. Now, with his sister out of the way, he was able to finally able to sit on the throne to rule.Without Queen Merinyilm's direction, her Royal Army loyal fled north from the capital to secure Her safety.
For the days to follow, Prince Fonzurno declared himself king and called his sister a wicked witch, guilty of death for treason upon the Lands of Sivloreia and any supporters will face death.
The citizens in the Lands were stunned. To them, Prince Fonzurno was a wayward Prince while Queen Merinyilm was the best person to rule. Most did not want to renounce their support and fled for their lives.
The Second Ages
There was bloodshed upon the Lands of Sivloreia. The Kingdom was split into two Factions. From the two Factions, the Royal Aristocrats and the Heroic Outlaws arose from the long arduous battles. Both were of equal strength against each other.
The Royal Aristocrats Faction ruled by the self-proclaimed King Fonzurno, thirsty for blood and bent on declaring a war, and the Heroic Outlaws, ruled by Queen Merinyilm, filled with compassion and hope for the future.
King Fonzurno wanted to rule the entire Kingdom and therefore waged a war against the other Faction.
Suddenly, all the peace and prosperity stopped on both Factions. Merchants were forced to pay higher taxes or be imprisoned. Sons were called to serve their Factions.
Neighbors, suspicious of each other, kept quiet. Any misfortune was attributed to the Queen's doing. It was a convenient way for one neighbor to take over their neighbor's belongings and lands through treachery.
Torture were carried out to extract false confessions against each Factions.
The Royal Aristocrats
For the Kingdom of Ammox! The old Sivloreia shall be called Ammox. The old are relics of the past and must be placed aside!
The Heroic Outlaws
For Kingdom without a Tyrant King! The rightful ruler belongs to Queen Merinyilm. Restore the just ways!
Sivloreia grew more and more isolated. Years passed in the Lands of Ammox and all was forgotten...
The Third Ages
You arrived by ship towards the new Lands previously unexplored.You were accompanied by others onboard who were seeking for an adventure of great exploration. The travels took months.
There were times when the sea was so stormy that one would think that is nothing to look forward to.It was told that on this ancient land, strange people and things, and magical beings can be found.
What became of those who came earlier?
In your exploration on this new Lands, you were split into two parties, one that headed east and another that headed west.
You followed those who went west. Two weeks later, you learned that the other party disappeared without a trace.
Your team was split one more time to check what happened in the east, and they disappeared too.
Where did they go?
Are they dead?
Did they need help?
Did they get lost?
Your adventure beings...
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at the temperament of French Bulldogs, they are generally known as a calm breed. Despite being playful and energetic as puppies, they often grow up to be quite lazy dogs, enjoying their time lounging and sleeping. This makes them fantastic companions for those living in smaller homes or apartments, as they do not require a significantly active lifestyle. However, while French Bulldogs love to laze about, it is also crucial to ensure they get a reasonable amount of exercise to prevent obesity and promote their overall well-being.
Animal husbandry has played a significant role in dog grooming when it comes to the brindle coat variant. Canines, in general, acquire unique characteristics through selective mating over generations. This is performed under the careful watch of professional breeders aiming towards a particular set of characteristics, and in this case, the brindle pattern in French Bulldogs. Breeding is a topic for another time, but it's safe to say it plays a crucial role in defining the breed and its coat variants.
A lover of brindle French Bulldogs is usually aware of their unique features and peculiarities. Their coat type, size, and amicable nature make them a preferred pet choice for many households. So, next time you find yourself contemplating how much is a brindle French bulldog, consider their beautiful coat, their distinct attributes and, most importantly, the love and companionship they offer their owners.
Raising a Healthy Pooch: Nutrition, Exercise and Preventative Health Measures
As a first-time owner, understanding how much is a brindle French bulldog as well as the breed's nutrition, exercise, and preventative health measures are essential in raising a healthy pooch. French Bulldogs, known for their muscular build and compact size, require a well-balanced diet to maintain their optimal body weight and overall health.
Nutrition plays a vital role in every stage of your pet's life. A balanced, nutrient-rich diet is essential to ensure your French bulldog's growth, overall well-being, and longevity. The breed's diet typically requires a healthy mix of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and essential vitamins and minerals.
- Dry dog food is a popular choice for its convenience, but ensure it's from a reputable brand that meets the nutritional needs of a French bulldog.
- High-quality canned food is also an option, as it often contains higher protein and fewer carbohydrates than dry food.
- Some owners opt for a raw diet, a controversial topic in the pet world, and should only be done under a veterinarian's guidance to ensure essential nutritional needs are met.
Exercise is as essential as nutrition in raising a healthy brindle French bulldog. Despite their laid-back nature, every French bulldog needs a moderate amount of physical activity to stay in shape and prevent obesity, a common health issue among this breed.
Regular walks and playtime can help keep your pet's weight at a healthy level. Agility training can also be a fun way to provide mental and physical stimulation.
Besides diet and exercise, another key factor in determining how much is a brindle French bulldog or rather how healthy it is, includes preventive health measures. Regular vet check-ups and consistent vaccinations as directed by your vet, can shield your pet from various health issues. Preventative measures include:
- Regular checks for common bulldog health issues such as hip dysplasia and brachycephalic syndrome.
- Maintaining a schedule for regular vaccinations and deworming as required.
- Regular grooming can prevent skin conditions that are prevalent among French bulldogs due to their wrinkly skin.
Raising a Brindle French Bulldog involves a lot more than just identifying how much is a brindle French bulldog. It requires responsible ownership, understanding your pet's unique needs, and providing the right nutrition, exercise, and preventative health measures.
Understanding the Cost Aspect: From Purchasing a Brindle French Bulldog Puppy to Caring For It
The financial responsibility of owning a dog extends far beyond the initial purchase price. When considering how much is a brindle French bulldog, it's crucial to take into account the expenses that will accompany the lifetime of your pet. These typically include costs for nutrition, ongoing health care, grooming, and beyond.
If you're wondering, 'how much is a brindle French bulldog?' you should know that initially, the price can range anywhere from $1500 to $8000, with the average being around $2500. Breeders can charge more for dogs that have distinctive physical features, such as the brindle coat. This cost disparity between a purebred dog and a brindle French bulldog puppy is often due to factors such as lineage, breeder reputation, quality of care and potentially, regional variance.
Once you bring your brindle French bulldog home, other regular expenses will kick in such as:
- Food: Premium dog food tailored to the nutritional needs of the breed can range between $2 to $5 per pound.
- Regular medical checks: Dogs should typically have annual veterinary checkups, and French Bulldogs may require more frequent vet visits due to potential breed-specific health issues.
- Grooming: While this breed's short coat does keep grooming requirements to a minimum, regular bathing, nail trimmings, and teeth cleanings are still necessary.
- Training: Sometimes, professional assistance might be required if certain behavioral challenges arise.
While these costs do add up, there are many ways to mitigate some of these expenses. Smart shopping can help find affordable but high-quality pet food and grooming products. Regular home care can reduce veterinary costs and potential health problems.
Don't forget to take into consideration unexpected costs too. Things like accidents, sudden illnesses or breed-specific health issues can quickly increase your annual dog care budget. Also remember, larger dogs like the French bulldog typically have a higher cost of living compared to smaller breeds, primarily due to their bigger appetites and the cost of medications being often dose-dependent.
Make no mistake, owning a dog, especially a brindle French bulldog, is a considerable financial commitment. However, with careful planning and budgeting, this unique and lovable breed is very much worth the investment.
Educating on French Bulldog Care: Training, Breeding and the Value of Pet Insurance
Owning a French bulldog, particularly a brindle, entails more than just knowing how much is a brindle French bulldog. It's crucial to understand how to care for this breed, including their training, breeding, and the importance of pet insurance. French bulldogs are known for their amicable temperament, but proper training remains essential.
Training a French Bulldog can be a rewarding process as this breed is typically eager to please their owners and quick learners. However, challenges may arise due to their stubborn and playful nature. Hence, it's important to maintain patience and consistency throughout training sessions. Here are some tips for successful French bulldog training:
- Start training at an early age to instill good behavior patterns
- Keep training sessions short and engaging
- Use positive reinforcement strategies such as treats and praises
- Ensure regular exercise to help burn off excess energy
Breeding French Bulldogs can be a significantly complex process. This is due to the breed's unique physical structure, which often requires them to be artificially inseminated and give birth via Caesarian section. Furthermore, French Bulldogs are known to have a high prevalence of certain health issues such as Brachycephalic Syndrome and Hip Dysplasia. Therefore, responsible breeding practices are vital to ensure the health of both the parent dogs and puppies. To limit health risks, potential breeders should:
- Choose healthy parents with regular veterinary screenings
- Seek professional guidance on the breeding process
- Ensure adequate prenatal and postnatal care for the mother and puppies
When considering how much is a Brindle French Bulldog, one must also factor in potential future costs which can be managed effectively with pet insurance. French Bulldogs are prone to a number of breed-specific health conditions that can result in substantial veterinary costs. Pet insurance can serve as a financial safety net and provide peace of mind for the owner. Some advantages of pet insurance include:
- Offsetting the cost of routine check-ups and preventative care
- Covering emergency medical expenses
- Including options for coverage of prescriptions and treatments
However, it is important to understand that insurance coverage and costs can vary significantly based on diet breed and size. Always consider multiple options and read the fine print of any policy before making a decision.
Conclusion: The Worth of a Brindle French Bulldog
After delving into the many financial aspects of owning a brindle French bulldog, like dog care costs, pedigree considerations, and pet insurance, the question still on many potential owners' lips may be, "how much is a brindle French bulldog really worth?" The answer encompasses more than just monetary value.
A brindle French bulldog, like any pets, offers its owner companionship, trust, and loyalty. These dogs are known for their playful and affectionate characters, making them great companions for people of all ages. Their unique brindle coats and engaging personalities are simply priceless. These companions bring enormous joy and happiness to a home, offering a sense of comfort and an everlasting bond that money can't buy.
Indeed, the value of a brindle French bulldog goes beyond how much it costs to buy or care for one. The emotional support, companionship, and captivating charm they possess make them incredibly rewarding pets.
Why do people wonder, "how much is a brindle French bulldog?" Perhaps because they are considering the commitment to a new furry family member, willing to shower them with love and care. They need to remember that despite initial outlay and ongoing costs, the true worth of their furry friend is in the love, companionship, and happiness that they provide.
It is important to remember that any pet, including a brindle French bulldog, needs a loving and responsible owner open to the commitment and responsibility of pet


If a life insurance company is delaying payment of your claim, you may be owed interest.
When an insurance company denies or delays your claim, they can continue investing the proceeds and accruing interest that would otherwise be in your pocket. The insurer may owe you that interest under certain circumstances.
To find out if you are entitled to interest on your delayed life insurance payout, contact our life insurance beneficiary lawyers. We have over 25 years of experience getting clients paid and getting clients interest on their delayed payout. We can tell you if you are owed interest during your free, no-obligation case evaluation.
How Long Does it Take to Receive Life Insurance Death Benefits, Usually?
Wondering how long insurance companies take to process claims, or how long does it take for a life insurance company to pay out? An uncontested claim for death benefits, where the death of the insured does not require investigation, is usually paid within 30 days. Most states require life insurance companies to respond to a claim within thirty days, whether that response is approval, denial, or a request for more information.
Insurance companies are required to tell claimants which of the reasons life insurance won't pay out. And when life insurance does not pay promptly, you have a right to know why.
How Can a Beneficiary Get Interest on a Delayed Life Insurance Payout?
If an insurance company unreasonably delays its response to your claim for death benefits, you may be entitled to interest. Whether you are owed interest on life insurance death benefits depends upon the terms of the policy and the jurisdiction governing the policy.
Some life insurance policies include a provision that entitles a beneficiary to interest after a specified delay in payout.
Many states have enacted statutes that grant interest to a beneficiary of a life insurance policy when an insurer unreasonably delays a claim determination. For example, this Iowa statute explains the circumstances that allow a beneficiary to collect interest and the rate at which the interest is calculated.
Some delays in payment of the death benefit are considered inherently unreasonable, including:
Delay in Life Insurance Payment after Claim has Been Approved
Occasionally, an insurer or a company's agent will tell a beneficiary that a claim has been approved, but the insurer delays sending payment. The longer an insurer retains the funds, the longer an insurer is able to continue investing those proceeds and reaping the profits for its shareholders. Under these circumstances, a beneficiary may be entitled to interest.
Delay in Payment of Claim Because Life Insurance Company Does not Contact the Beneficiary
Frequently an insurance company has reason to know that an insured died but fails to reach out to the beneficiary of the life insurance policy. Often a beneficiary is unaware that they are named in a policy or that a life insurance policy even exists.
If an insurer has reason to know that an insured has died, for example, because they use the Social Security Death Master File to identify policyholders who have died, that insurer should notify the beneficiary promptly.
Recently, several states have brought lawsuits against insurance companies that knew of policyholder deaths but failed to notify beneficiaries, retaining the death benefits and the interest accruing on them instead. Under these circumstances, a beneficiary may be entitled to interest due to the unreasonable delay.
Why Would a Life Insurance Payout Be Delayed?
Payout may be delayed six to twelve months or longer if the insurance company must investigate because:
If you are a beneficiary to a life insurance policy and you've submitted your claim and all required paperwork but haven't been paid, know that the insurance company has no incentive to pay you quickly. In fact, any delay means your payout is accruing interest and benefitting the insurance company's shareholders.
In the past there were many examples of life insurance companies not paying claims without delay. Fortunately, laws have been enacted to incentivize insurers to pay life insurance claims promptly, and if they do not, they may have to pay you interest.
How Long Does a Life Insurance Investigation Take?
What is the typical timeline for insurance companies to investigate claims? It varies, depending upon the circumstances of the death. Beneficiaries should be sure to respond promptly to all information and documentation requests from the life insurance company.
After the insured has died, beneficiaries of the life insurance policy file a claim with the insurance company and include a copy of the death certificate with their claim, keeping at least one original death certificate for their records in the event that the life insurance company misplaces the one sent to them.
When the insurance company receives the claim form and a certified copy of the death certificate, insurers have 30 days to deny the claim, pay the claim, or ask for more information.
In some situations, insurers will need to investigate a claim and the payout will exceed 30 days. Depending on the terms of the insurance policy and the laws that govern the policy, sometimes a beneficiary will be entitled to interest that has accrued during the delay of payment.
If your claim has been pending for more than thirty days, whether you have heard from the life insurance company or not, contact our experienced life insurance beneficiary attorneys. We help beneficiaries nationwide get paid with interest when their claim has been unreasonably delayed.
When Will Life Insurance Companies Investigate Claims?
In most cases, an insurer will either deny a claim or pay a claim within 30 days. When there is a delay in life insurance payout instead of denying or approving, it may mean that an insurer requires more time to investigate the claim. Delays will likely occur in the following situations:
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When the Insured Died by Homicide.
When an insured is murdered, the insurance company often waits to pay any benefits until the investigation is completed. Depending on the type of policy in question (term life, whole life, or AD&D insurance), the insurance company may need to know whether the beneficiary is associated with the murder or whether the insured was engaged in a felony at the time of his or her death
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When the Insured Died in a Foreign Country.
If the insured dies while abroad, an insurance company may take longer to investigate the circumstances of the death.
Insurers always require proof of death when a claim is made. In the U.S., a death certificate is acceptable proof of death. However, customary practices, records, and technologies vary across countries and continents, and a foreign death certificate may not satisfy the insurance company. Also, to ensure a claim for overseas death is not fraudulent, an insurance company may attempt to confirm the circumstances of the insured's death independently. Depending on where the insured died, this may extend the investigation period significantly.
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When there is a Beneficiary Dispute.
If the insurance company is notified that multiple parties might have a claim to life insurance proceeds, it will postpone paying the benefit until a rightful beneficiary is established. Often, the insurance company will not make this determination itself. The insurer may file a life insurance interpleader action, and a court will decide the lawful beneficiary.
Case Study #1: the insurance company delayed paying for over two years because the insured had a girlfriend and child and neither was named in his policy. Luckily for our client, Illinois law prevents such improper claim practices and unreasonable or vexatious delay in paying claims, and we were able to get our client paid.
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When the Insured Died Within the Contestability Period.
The contestability period lasts for two years. During this time, an insurer is authorized to investigate to look for evidence of fraud and misrepresentation in life insurance application and medical questionnaire. If the insured dies within this two-year period, a payout of benefits may be delayed while the insurer examines medical records, financial records, or other relevant evidence.
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When the Insurance Company Makes an Administrative Error.
Case Study #2: payment of our client's claim for death benefits was delayed because the insurance company never received medical records from a doctor that the insured never visited.
If your claim is denied, please get all the details you can about the reason for the denial: it may be something as simple as a mistake such as this preventing you from getting your life insurance payout.
Delay in Life Insurance Payout When the Insured Never Received Notice of Lapse or Termination.
Case Study #3: Our client's claim was denied because the policy lapsed and terminated due to non-payment of premiums. We investigated and found that the insured never received the statutorily-required notices. We got our client paid.
What Can a Lawyer Do if a Life Insurance Payout is Delayed?
An experienced life insurance lawyer will be able to tell you whether the delay can be turned into approval and whether you are entitled to interest for the time of the delay. Do not rely on an insurance company to tell you that you are entitled to interest – they have no incentive to do so.
Our life insurance attorneys can demand and obtain the full death benefits you are legally entitled to. Again, your right to interest depends on the jurisdiction in which the policy was issued and the terms of the policy itself, and we help beneficiaries get paid in jurisdictions across the nation.
For more information about your rights to interest on a delayed payout of benefits, contact a trusted life insurance attorney at the Boonswang Law Firm with your questions. Your initial case evaluation is free of charge, and if we take your case, know that we don't get paid unless you do.


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Photographer Study: Man Ray
My next photographer study pays tribute to an artist whose photography reminds me of a Picasso or Dali painting, and whose career was just as influential to the world of art: Man Ray
Man Ray is known for his significant contribution to Dada and Surrealist movements, having been described as a modernist. The sophisticated artist also played a strong role in encouraging an art revolution.
Born Emmanuel Radnitzky, Man Ray's nickname was a combination of "Manny" (as his family used to call him) and the desire to overcome ethnic discrimination and anti-Semitism reactions of that time by changing his surname. He became known as Man Ray and soon became a brand.
Born in Pennsylvania and raised in Brooklyn, he moved to Paris and became a part of the cultural elite. Although he is most known for his avant-garde photography, Man Ray considered himself a painter more that anything else. He also explored many other art forms – painting, poetry, filmmaking, philosophy and essay writing. He referred to his photograms as "rayographs" after himself. He spent most of his career fighting against the formal constraints of the visual arts. Ray's life, as well as his art, can be described as provocative, daring and engaging. Art critics consider him a leader of American modernism.
"There is no progress in art, any more than there is progress in making love. There are simply different ways of doing it." – Man Ray, 1948, essay "To Be Continued, Unnoticed"
Despite his reputation today, his works outside of his fashion and portrait photography, were hardly appreciated during his lifetime. However, in the following decades after his death, his work became more celebrated. In 1999, ARTnews magazine placed him in the top of 25 most influential artists of the 20th century, claiming his work as "performance and conceptual art" and saying that he "offered all artists in all media an example of a creative intelligence that, in its pursuit of pleasure and liberty, unlocked every door".
Man Ray's last years of life were spent in Los Angeles, but before he died he returned to France. He was buried in the Cimetière du Montparnasse in Paris. His epitaph reads:
"Unconcerned, but not indifferent"


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In the last COP-MOP, the main focus of the Parties' request in the meeting's resolution document is achieving "conceptual clarity" with regard to socioeconomic considerations.
In my mind, developing concept clarity with regard to potential or actual impacts from the adoption of an LMO on the biodiversity of importance to local and indigenous communities implies answering an (incomplete) set of questions such as the one I have listed below.
Note that although the Parties resolution in the COP-MOP apparently directs efforts to a literal read of Article 26, and since I –as part of a capacity building/strengthening and policy research institutehave to address the needs not only of the Protocol but of countries who have expressed the need for a broader definition of such assessments, these question will also apply to a broader conceptualization of socioeconomic impacts.
- What is the definition of socioeconomics in the context of biodiversity as defined in Article 26?
- What are all the potential SEC issues that may be assessed?
- How to identify the SEC issues at the level of analysis (local, country, regional)?
- How to develop priority setting criteria for SEC issues?
- How to assess the SEC issues?
- How to establish a decision making process?
- A combination of some or all of these?
Note that these questions lend themselves to a more systematic needs assessment, priority setting, development of implementing regulations, process mapping and other tools and techniques used in the past to help countries define policies and appropriate responses.


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What can I grow?
That's the most common question that I get asked.
First, you'll have to decide on the location of your urban garden.
Then you'll have to determine how much sunlight your garden space gets.
There are four main categories of sunlight:
- Full sun. 6+ hours of direct sunlight.
- Partial sun. 4-5 hours of direct sunlight.
- Partial shade. 2-4 hours of direct sunlight.
- Shade Less than 1 hour of direct sunlight.
Since we are living in urban environments, we have other structures that we are dealing with as well. Those can be adjacent buildings, over hangs and walls.
I would assume that most of us fall into the partial sun category and below.
Easily figure out how much sunlight you get
A simple way to figure out how much sunlight your space gets is to monitor it throughout the day.
All you have to do is pop outside for less than a minute every few hours and take some quick notes.
Start off with a quick sketch of your garden space. Section it off as the day progresses because the surrounding structures will cast shade in certain areas.
Here is a video of what the process looks like from my balcony garden:
Once you know how much sunlight your garden gets, the list of what you can grow has been narrowed down for you.
My balcony gets only three hours of direct sunlight. Based on that my selection is limited down to certain herbs and vegetables. This is why I'm growing a lot of greens.
Now you can repeat the same process and leave a comment below to let me know how much sunlight your urban garden gets.


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Indian and Himalayan Art
Damarupada, Avadhutipada, Gayadhara and La-chen Drog-mi with Sakya LineageMade in central Tibet, Tibet, Asia
Sakya, c. 15th century
Artist/maker unknown, Tibetan
Colors on cloth
Currently not on view
1970-198-1Purchased with the New Members Fund, 1970
LabelThis painting shows four groups of figures that are particularly important for the Sakya order. The followers of Sakya believe the three small figures at the top—the Bodhisattva of Wisdom (left), the Buddha (center), and Nagarjuna (right)—taught and inspired the four central figures Virupa (c. 800–850), Tilopa (988–1069), Gayadhara, and Drogmi. It was through the Tibetan translator Drogmi that Indian Buddhist teachings were transmitted to the nine small Tibetan lamas in the lower half of the painting. The fierce coupling deities in the center (Guhyasamaja above and Hevajra below) refer to specific teachings within Buddhism emphasized by these scholars.


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Press release issued 22 June 2008Research published in Nature Materials
Imagine a plane that has wings made out of glass. Thanks to a major breakthrough in understanding the nature of glass by scientists at the University of Bristol, this has just become a possibility.
Despite its solid appearance, glass is actually a 'jammed' state of matter that moves very slowly. Like cars in a traffic jam, atoms in a glass can't reach their destination because the route is blocked by their neighbours, so it never quite becomes a 'proper' solid.
For more than 50 years most scientists have tried to understand just what glass is. Work so far has concentrated on trying to understand the traffic jam, but now Dr Paddy Royall from the University of Bristol, with colleagues in Canberra and Tokyo, has shown that the problem really lies with the destination, not with the traffic jam.
Publishing today (22 June 2008) in Nature Materials, the team has revealed that glass 'fails' to be a solid due to the special atomic structures that form in a glass when it cools (ie, when the atoms arrive at their destination).
Royall explained: "Some materials crystallize as they cool, arranging their atoms into a highly regular pattern called a lattice. But although glass 'wants' to be a crystal, as it cools the atoms become jammed in a nearly random arrangement, preventing it from forming a regular lattice.
"Back in the 1950s, Sir Charles Frank in the Physics Department at Bristol University suggested that the arrangement of the 'jam' should form what is known as an icosahedron, but at the time he was unable to provide experimental proof. We set out to see if he was right."
The problem is you can't watch what happens to atoms as they cool because they are just too small. So using special particles called colloids that mimic atoms, but are just large enough to be visible using state-of-the-art microscopy, Royall cooled some down and watched what happened.
What he found was that the gel these particles formed also 'wants' to be a crystal, but it fails to become one due to the formation of icosahedra-like structures – exactly as Frank had predicted 50 years ago. It is the formation of these structures that underlie jammed materials and explains why a glass is a glass and not a liquid – or a solid.
Knowing the structure formed by atoms as a glass cools represents a major breakthrough in our understanding of meta-stable materials and will allow further development of new materials such as metallic glasses.
Metals normally crystallize when they cool, unfortunately stress builds up along the boundaries between crystals, which leads to metal failure. For example, the world's first jetliner, the British built De Havilland Comet, fell out of the sky due to metal failure. If a metal could be made to cool with the same internal structure as a glass and without crystal grain boundaries, it would be less likely to fail.
Metallic glasses could be suitable for a whole range of products that need to be flexible such as aircraft wings, golf clubs and engine parts.
Please contact Cherry Lewis for further information.
A close look at a colloidal gel.
Image by Paddy Royall
Sir Charles Frank (_PHONE_)
Back in the 1950s, Sir Charles Frank in the Physics Department at Bristol University suggested that the arrangement of the 'jam' should form what is known as an icosahedron. We set out to see if he was right.


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Vocational rehabilitation is a process involving timely intervention with appropriate and adequate services based on assessed need, and which is aimed at maintaining injured workers in, or returning them to, safe, suitable and durable employment.
TRS Rehab ensure the following is achieved:
- Facilitate an early return to work
- Identify and design suitable duties for the injured worker to assist employers to provide suitable employment
- Identify and coordinate rehabilitation strategies that ensure workers are able to safely perform their duties
- Forge a link between the insurer, employer and treatment providers to ensure a focus on return to work and providing regular reviews of progress toward outcomes
- Arrange appropriate retraining and placement in alternative employment when the worker is unable to return to pre-injury duties


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Amphibians are small vertebrates that need water or a moist environment in order to survive. The species in this group include frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. All of them can breathe and absorb water through their very thin skin. Amphibians also have special skin glands that are responsible for the production of useful proteins and also help in transport of water, oxygen and carbon dioxide either into or out of the animal. They also help in fighting bacteria or fungal infections and at least one of them is used for defense in each species. To warn their potential predators, it has been observed that the most toxic amphibians are also the brightest in colour. Curare, for example, is found on the skin of colorful poison dart frogs. The larvae are aquatic and free swimming frogs and toads which, at this stage, are called tadpoles. At a certain size, the young develop limbs and lungs. Some of them also lose their tails and eventually hop or climb out of the water as adults and spend the rest of their lives on land. This process is known as metamorphosis. Like reptiles, amphibians are cold-blooded. Because of their special skin, they require very specific living conditions. Too much sun can damage their cells. Too much wind can dry their skin and dehydrate the animal. As a result, amphibians are the first to die off when their habitats are disturbed or contaminated with chemicals like weed killers.
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