Your donations make resources grow and change possible
Every hand helps
Online Donations
Make us your favorite charity!
Click the link and it will take you to our charity lists where you can purchase items for our organization or lending library.
Go to smile.amazon.com to select us a you charity
Nevada Brain Injury
From our daily administration and operating budget that organizes, builds, develops and coordinates our efforts to the community programs, outreach, research, education and advocacy we create, cash donations offer us great assistance to create effective resources for the individuals, families, caregivers, and professionals.
Product Donation
Product Donations
Used and good condition equipment that helps individuals maneuver and navigate their surroundings, such as wheelchairs, canes, and walkers provide a second life with an individual in need. Donations in the form of gift cards often go a long way to provide families with dinner, gas, groceries, medications, or supplements.
Donation of Time
Donations of Time
Donate time as one of our volunteers or offer to spend an afternoon providing company for an individual, where the family or caregiver could use a short respite. Be a drop in angel or become part of a project for a short term or more permanent. Every small deed is appreciated. Volunteer for a more specific use of time.
Where your donation makes a difference
Brain Injury exists in every community. It exists within these images and within families. When we unite and donate our abilities,we champion challenges.
Organization and Projects, Outreach areas to
Operating Funds
Every nonprofit is in need of funds to do the due diligence of developing and maintaining a structural foundation. It is the backbone of what makes all the other efforts and ideals come together and make provisions that change the community in helpful ways. Donations are always in need and always heartily welcomed!
Support Events
From support groups that aid the individual, families, and caregivers to program events that offer participation and education. Donations help with research, design, development, and testing that expand and broaden opportunities for the community. From the basic to the more advanced, concepts of support funds are the supporting gesture that provide our organized efforts.
Community Events
Creating public awareness for brain injury and brain health can come in the form of informational fairs hosted or in partnership with other organizations. We are also part of the community forum and providing a chance for more to understand our purpose can come through health fairs and also come in the form of engaging activities that serve to offer hands-on perspectives. Your donation here goes far.
Educational Programs
We strive to end the silent epidemic of brain injury and make the incidence that affects so many more approachable. We want to reduce the stigma and begin helpful conversations about brain health and how to rediscover. We do this with education. Donating to help program development, testing, and research to create courses and classes will help all affected by brain injury.
Advocacy Programs
Programs and education around the concept of advocacy can streamline the service of health care. We have first-hand knowledge of the value of the advocate and find that doctors favor an advocate that adds perspective and insight from the family that might otherwise not be attainable during times of crisis, treatments, and long term care. Funding provides us with research, development, and testing.
Brain Injury Network
One of our larger goals is to create a system network of brain injury providers in the local community. It appeared so many struggled to find services and if there were a united network provision that was comprehensive and accessible, we would do more to end the silence and offer a collaborative brain tank that pools the talent, skill, and abilities. Funding to provide software, research, and structure would unite us all.
Research & Studies
Brain health and brain injury awareness have made study and research opportunities for understanding with many vast perspectives of this operational control center of ours.Nevada Brain Injury wants to expand our research capacity and offer studies for the community to take part in that are engaging and informative. Funding to create studies and participate in research will help us to help the community with more value.
Prevention Programs
There are five main causes of brain injury and in each, we have discovered preventable strategies to share with the community. We know we cannot avoid all brain injury, however, with the prevention, we may have the opportunity to create functional ways to realize and consider more options that can be safer alternatives. Funding helps us to create prevention materials, and provide vital public communication that helps.
These are an assortment of the directions we are aspiring to affect as resources that will help the individual and the community to better understand choices, tools, strategies, and outlook. As we explore more of the depth that is a brain injury, we will find more insight into brain health. It is an ambitious undertaking, yet we know that the time is right to engage and enlighten effective strategies that can serve us all. We do not do this alone and we know that your generous donations of funding, useful products, and time are the elements that will make the effort successful. We are a community working together with the ability to overcome the status of disability.
Write a review!
Thank You for your vision and generosity


text:
Commercial properties that demand unhindered sources of electricity (such as offices, factories and retail stores to name a few) will often have three phase power installed. This enables them to run a lot of appliances at once and to run equipment that consumes larger amounts of energy.
The type of equipment that generally requires this sort of power includes: air conditioning, heating, motors and pumps, heavy machinery and uninterruptable power supply (UPS) systems.
In residential properties, single phase power is generally installed. This means that electricity is delivered to the property via a single live wire. In a three phase system, there are three live wires delivering electricity to the property, which produces three separate 'waves' of power for your equipment to tap into.
If your premises currently operate on single phase power but you think three phase will better meet your needs, Smillie can help you make the switch.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Discover the process that helps multi-generational teams understand each other and work as a more cohesive team.
Effective collaboration leads to many benefits, including increased employee engagement, flexibility, efficiency, creativity, and productivity. Many work teams now consist of three to four different generations working together.
This workshop will introduce characteristics and differences of the following generations:
Participants will learn about the unique perspectives of each generation and the similarities among the generations. The main sources of conflict for multi-generational teams will be presented, and a process will be introduced for teams to work through these conflicts to get better results. In addition, research on the characteristics of effective teams will be explored.
Scenarios will be presented to allow participants to apply the process that helps multi-generational teams understand each other and work as a more cohesive team.
Learn how organizations can change the way they approach diversity and inclusion
Early bird pricing expires


wrong order or conflict with other symbols, this can cause instability. Randomly-generated Ages seem to often contain low to moderate amounts of instability, probably as a result of conflicts between their randomly generated symbols.
There are symbols which directly add the effects of instability to a world, reducing instability in the process. These are very useful if you want to deliberately include a feature in a world that you know will make it unstable: You can't avoid having instability, but at least you can choose what form it takes, and avoid the most harmful effects.
See also


text:
Kevin is a software architect for Nortel Networks and can be reached at kwsmith@ nortelnetworks.com.
The idea of dividing a computationally intensive task between multiple physical machines has been around for as long as computer networks have existed. For many programmers, SETI@home (_URL_ provided an introduction to the power of network computing. In addition to SETI, there are a variety of toolkits available for distributing and load-balancing units of work over a network. For example, Sun provides its Grid Engine (_URL_ and there's a Gnu toolkit called "Gnu Queue" (_URL_ Large software projects are often faced with loadbuild times that approach 24 hours. Is it possible to reduce the time required to build loads by applying concepts from distributed computing?
Many implementations of make, such as Gnu make and Rational's ClearMake (which is part of its ClearCase toolset; _URL_ automatically distribute a single loadbuild onto different workstations. In typical software development shops, each software developer has a powerful workstation on his or her desk. Typically, most of these desktop workstations are relatively idledevelopers are writing code, reading e-mail, or performing other tasks that consume little CPU or I/O resources. There are also many times during the day (and night) when people are not using their computers. Why not use this spare horsepower to build loads faster? In this article, I describe my experiences in converting a large software system to use Rational's distributed build technology on a cluster of networked Sun Solaris 2.6 workstations; however, these concepts are applicable to any distributed build implementation on any platform. (ClearMake also supports Windows.)
Correctly written makefiles perform build avoidance, which means that most build times are not excessive since files that are not impacted by a code change are not recompiled. Unfortunately, there are situations where build avoidance is not enough. For example, changing low-level header files might force recompiles of all source files in the system. Also, there are times when you want to build cleanly to ensure you have a stable configuration. These situations are ideal candidates for distributed builds.
Large software projects often have several hundred makefiles that are all invoked from one master makefile. There are two common ways to connect these makefiles:
- Recursive make. With this architecture, your project is divided into a series of directories containing subdirectories. Each directory has a makefile that builds the contents of the directory, and calls the makefile contained in each subdirectory. The traditional disadvantage of this approach is that you cannot represent dependencies between targets in different directories since the build dependencies are described in physically separate makefiles.
- Inclusive make. With this approach, your project is still divided into a series of directories containing subdirectories, however, most directories have an incomplete makefile that describes only the rules needed to build the software contained in that directory. If a directory has subdirectories, the makefiles in those directories are included into the parent directory's makefile via make's built-in include command. Since all the rules are present in one (very large) composite makefile, it is possible to represent dependencies between different directories.
The recursive make architecture creates a unique problem for distributed builds. Each recursive call to make starts up a new round of parallel make processes with no knowledge that there are other parallel make processes running on the same machine. This causes an explosion in the number of build processes running on a given node, which greatly reduces build performance and can cause system crashes. I solved this problem by forcing every recursive makefile to always build serially via ClearMake's special.NOTPARALLEL target. This reduces performance somewhat, but most recursive makefiles do not actually perform any compiles (they just invoke other makefiles), so the performance penalty is not significant.
Distributed Build Technology
Before starting a distributed build, you must supply ClearMake with a list of workstations in the build pool and the maximum number of concurrent processes to launch across all machines. ClearMake uses the dependency information in your makefile to select targets that can be built on remote machines; for example, targets that do not depend on one another can be built in parallel. Next, ClearMake selects an idle machine from the pool and starts a remote build process using UNIX's rsh command. By checking the CPU load prior to building, ClearMake automatically performs load balancing across the pool of available workstations. So, when your coworker returns from lunch and fires up a CPU-intensive task on his workstation, ClearMake won't launch additional build processes on his machine until his CPU is idle again. Once all the nodes in the build pool are busy or the maximum number of concurrent processes has been reached, ClearMake waits for a build process to finish or for a machine to become free.
The build pool is relatively easy to configure. Each user must be able to run remote processes on each node; on UNIX systems, this is accomplished through a user's.rhosts file or through the system's hosts.equiv file. I used.rhosts in my testing. Obviously, each node in the pool must be able to access the source code and the build directories. After implementing distributed builds on UNIX systems, you must pay careful attention to the interactive and noninteractive portions of your login shell. Obviously, the remote builds will be running noninteractively (under rsh), so all environment variables and paths needed to compile must be setup in the noninteractive portion of your login shell. Equally true, the noninteractive portion of your login shell must not try to perform interactive operations. For example, one of my coworkers defined an alias for the UNIX rm command that forced rm to always request confirmation before deleting a file. Unfortunately, this alias was defined in the noninteractive section of the shell initialization file, so when a makefile running on a remote workstation attempted to delete (via rm) a temporary file, it waited indefinitely for someone to acknowledge the removal!
The list of machines in the pool is listed in the.bldhosts file, which is stored in your home directory. A series of command flags can also be given in the.bldhosts file. For example, you can set the CPU-free threshold for each machine using the -idle command. By default, ClearMake starts using the machines listed at the top of the.bldhosts file; however, you can instruct ClearMake to choose randomly instead by using the -random command. The _TAG_ command lets you include a file into the.bldhosts file. Example 1 is a typical.bldhost file.
In general, ClearMake build times are greatly influenced by a Rational network caching technology called "winking" (see the accompanying text box entitled, "ClearMake Advantages"). Table 1 identifies the observed performance improvements after distributed build technology was introduced into our environment with winking disabled and with winking enabled. Each test used a different number of CPUs and processes, and recorded the number of times that ClearMake waited (because all available CPUs were busy) and the total time required for the build. In other tests, I found that using more build processes than CPUs was not productive due to thrashing caused by task switching. Generally, as more CPUs are added to the pool, each CPU contributes less. These diminishing returns are caused by the dependencies in the makefilesyou can't build the entire system in parallel because makefiles contain rules that say one part of the system should be built before another part.
Distributed Build Disadvantages
Although introducing distributed build technology into your organization improves build performance, distributed builds create some unique problems.
- If your network suffers from performance issues, then your builds also suffer. For example, a slow network causes slow builds, and unreliable networks can cause builds to fail. Because the network adds several new points of failure into your build environment, building in a distributed environment will always be less reliable than building on a single workstation.
- You will invest time to convert your existing makefiles. In particular, any errors in your makefiles will become more apparent after distributed builds are introduced. For example, if your makefiles are missing any important dependencies, your distributed builds will fail.
- On UNIX systems it is possible to create files with a "#" character in the filename. Because "#" starts a comment line in many UNIX shell scripting languages, many scripts cannot successfully read files containing a "#" character in the file name. In particular, Rational's distributed build scripts cannot build files whose names contain "#" characters. I solved this problem by renaming all of our files with "#" characters in their names.
- Software licensing should be considered. If you have purchased a fixed number of compiler licenses, distributed builds will cause your license consumption to increase. Before starting this type of project, you should ensure that software licensing is not a concern in your environment and purchase additional licenses if needed.
Idle computers in your organization can be used to improve software developer productivity by reducing overall build times. In my environment, I was able to reduce build times by a factor of three. Distributed build technology is only useful when a build performs a large number of compile operations. If a build only performs a few compiles and a few links, then adding more processors will not improve performance.


Payment Gateways II: Support for Recurring Billing
on Aug15
The purpose of this article is to familiarize the key merchant services industry players with the concept of recurring billing as an advanced feature to be considered during payment gateway selection. If this is the first time you are reading "Payment Gateways II" series, please, start with the Introduction as it will improve your understanding of the current post.
Recently subscription-based payment model has become very popular. The model is predominantly used by membership-centric organizations, such as health clubs, tanning salons, etc. Even traditionally retail industries are implementing the elements of subscription payments into their business practices. For instance, online stores selling such products as water filters, vitamin supplements, skin care products are offering their customers to purchase these products regularly on subscription basis. Because of increased importance of subscription-based business model, recurring billing becomes an essential part of modern payment processing systems, such as payment gateways.
Recurring billing paradigms
When it comes to recurring billing (also known as subscription billing or recurring payment processing) there are two major paradigms, which can be called committed billing and uncommitted billing.
Uncommitted recurring billing would be an on-line subscription, which carries no minimum time commitment and requires no special handling in case of delinquency (usually the service or subscription simply get discontinued). For example, monthly subscription at eFax or premium membership at linked-in.
An example of committed recurring billing would be a term gym membership or a cell phone contract. In both of these examples, if a payment is missed and an account becomes delinquent, a collection attempt is made to reinstate the account and collect any past due. Simply deactivating the service is not an option in such cases.
An important issue arising in connection with recurring billing is cardholder data storage. If a merchant is storing actual payment card data (for recurring billing), it must go through costly PCI compliance certification procedures. Tokenization and profiling provide solutions allowing merchants to reduce their PCI scope or completely get out of it. For more information on tokenization and profiling see here and here.
Another component of recurring billing to be mentioned is decline recovery, as declines tend to happen more frequently when customers are charged on recurring basis. That is why subscription-based businesses should integrate with payment gateways offering decline recovery mechanisms.
Let consider an example of tanning salon to gain better insight into the needs of a business using subscription-based model.
A tanning salon used to offer exclusively annual or semi-annual memberships to its customers, because it lacked the necessary technology to implement monthly payment process. This made attracting new customers more difficult for the salon, as long-term membership required significant upfront payment to join. Now, by going with a payment processor that offers recurring billing, the salon can offer flexible monthly payment plans, making its membership more affordable. At the same time, presence of decline recovery tools makes it easier for the salon to manage decline recycling and ensure that the revenue is not affected by going with monthly billing vs annual billing.
Depending on the type of recurring billing that a merchant needs (committed vs uncommitted), it might want to look for a payment gateway that accommodates that specific feature set. If the business requires committed recurring billing model, it needs to verify, what decline recovery techniques and collection tools are going to be available within the payment gateway it is using.
If repeat purchases are important for a business, then it is critical to find out in advance, whether the processor\payment gateway it deals with offers some form of tokenization.
Out next post will cover credit card BINs and card intelligence.
UniPay Gateway
UniPay Gateway White Paper
Previous postPayment Gateways II: ACH Transaction Processing Next postPayment Gateways II: Credit Card BINs/Card Intelligence
Copyright© 2021, United Thinkers LLC


text:
Technical Training Center of the Air Force Northern Division
The TTC of the Air Force Northern Division is the organizational foundation for tailored technical training geared to the military capabilities of the Bundeswehr.
In four training groups at the two locations Faßberg and Wunstorf, the Northern Division conducts technical and logistic training, advanced training and continuing education in the following areas:
- Aircraft technology for the CH-53 medium transport helicopter and the A400M transport aircraft
- Basic training covering all weapon systems
- Flight equipment and rescue systems
- Ground equipment technology
- Structural mechanics
- Operating materials
- Combat damage repair on Air Force weapon systems and aircraft
The training workshop is another building block of the Northern Division. Here, young people can learn the civilian-approved profession of aircraft mechanic, specializing in engine technology.
Lieutenant Colonel Andreas Böge
"Passen Sie jetzt Ihre Datenschutzeinstellungen an, um Google Maps Standortinformationen zu sehen"
Sergeant Major Torben Brandt
Info Point Faßberg


text:
Introduction to Mental Health Preparedness
The following training is designed to raise awareness of the immediate and short-term mental health consequences of disasters for anyone who may be part of the disaster response. It was originally developed for public health professionals responsible for responding to public health emergencies including natural disasters, disease outbreaks and terrorist events. It may also be useful for staff from other organizations as well as community members who volunteer to assist in responding to emergencies.
Upon completion of this 3.5-hour training program, learners will be able to:
- Describe the mental health consequences of natural disasters and terrorist events.
- Identify the mental health effects of disasters including issues related to anxiety, stress and substance abuse as well as resilience.
- Recognize behaviors that can assist survivors immediately following a disaster.
- Identify additional training and technical assistance resources for mental health preparedness.
The 'Introduction to Mental Health Preparedness' training is videoand workbook-based and is appropriate for small group or self-paced learning.
A newly updated version of the training video and participant workbook in English and in Spanish is NOW available.
You may download the participant workbook, facilitator guide, evaluation forms, and the video script/slides here.
You may obtain a copy of the training video on DVD by contacting NCCPHP at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
National Programs/Special Projects:
The fraternity's National Programs and their areas of focus are presented in this section. National Programs are programs/projects which have been adopted by the General Convention and mandated for implementation by all chapters. Our National Programs are:
Go – To – High School, Go – To – College
The "Go-to-High-School, Go-to-College" program, established in 1922, concentrates on the importance of completing secondary and collegiate education as a road to advancement. Statistics prove the value of this extra impetus in making the difference in the success of young African-American men, given that school completion is the single best predictor of future economic success. Through the Go-to-High-School, Go-to-College educational initiative, young men receive information and learn strategies that facilitate success. Alpha men provide youth participants with excellent role models to emulate.
Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. and the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation began collaboratively implementing Project Alpha in 1980. This collaborative project is designed to provide education, motivation and skill-building on issues of responsibility, relationships, teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases for young males ages 12-15 years. Designed to provide young men with current and accurate information about teen pregnancy prevention, Project Alpha consists of a series of workshops and informational sessions conducted by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity brothers. The three goals of Project Alpha programs are:
- Sharing Knowledge by combating ignorance and fear with factual information.
- Changing Attitudes by providing motivation toward positive changes in sexual behavior.
- Providing Skills by creating a sense of empowerment and self-esteem.
Project Alpha week, which started in 2000, targets the second week of October every year. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. chapters all across the country execute the program with their local March of Dimes to implement Project Alpha programs.
- Provides education for young males 12-15 years old on sexuality, fatherhood and the role of males in relationships.
- Motivates young men to make decisions about their goals and values, and act in ways that support their decisions.
- Builds young men's skills through role-playing. Utilizes appropriate male role models and mentors.
A Voteless People Is A Hopeless People
"A Voteless People is a Hopeless People" was initiated as a National Program of Alpha during the 1930's when many African-Americans had the right to vote but were prevented from voting because of poll taxes, threats of reprisal, and lack of education about the voting process. Voter education and registration has remained a dominant focus of this outreach activity for over 65 years. In the 1990's, the focus has shifted to include political awareness and empowerment, delivered most frequently through town meetings and candidate forums.


Tag Archives: pragmatic PR
3 Ways Pessimism is an Asset in PR
Does pessimism have a place in PR?
Half empty or half full?
An article recently published over at the MIT Sloan Management Review blog caught my attention. Essentially, the article asserted that in a world where optimism reigns, a little pessimism is a good thing.
In our culture, pessimism is generally perceived as a state of mind where one anticipates negative outcomes. We often classify individuals as either optimistic or pessimistic based on the age old question, "Is the glass half empty or half full?" We tend to classify those who answer "half empty" as stewards of a pessimistic outlook, always focusing on the negative and what's likely to go wrong.
Despite the stigma that pessimism has, can it be interpreted as an undervalued asset and a valuable tool in PR? Continue reading


text:
Click on image for full screen view.
| Black Willow, Swamp Willow, Gooding Willow, Western Black Willow, Southwestern Black Willow, Sauz, Lindheimer Black Willow|
Black Willow is found in all areas of Texas where there is standing water, a stream, or a dry stream where water may accumulate. It is a fast-growing tree, and useful for erosion control on steep banks where moisture is avalable. However, the extensive shallow roots can clog drains and break pavement in urban residential sites. The wood is weak and brittle, subject to damage in ice storms, and the tree is short-lived. The light texture of its leaves make dappled shade underneath. Black Willow can be distinguished from the common Weeping Willow, S. alba or S. babylonica, by the fact that its branches are upright and do not "weep."
Plant Habit or Use: medium tree large tree
Flower Color: creamy yellow to yellow-green catkins
Blooming Period: spring
Fruit Characteristics: small capsules, light brown
Height: 30 ft. to 50 ft. in landscapes, rarely 100+ ft.
Width: 25 to 40 ft.
Plant Character: deciduous
Heat Tolerance: very high
Water Requirements: high water or bog
Soil Requirements: neutral alkaline


text:
Community Health Project Presentation
On the basis of your learning during this course, prepare a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation of 8- to 10-slides covering the following:
- Provide relevant information (demographics, social factors, income, and access to health care) pertaining to your chosen population.
- Present key findings and identify four issues related to selected population.
- Suggest implications for community health nursing.
- Suggest areas of research for the chosen population based on weekly readings and lectures.
- Use bullet points instead of complete sentences.
- Include tables, graphs, and other forms of diagrammatic representation of the chosen population to reinforce the presentation.
- Provide well documented research for chosen community (population).
Support your responses with examples.
Cite any sources in APA format.


text:
Definition of glute
- a gluteal muscle.
Citation from "Lobsterfest", Bob's Burgers (TV), Season 1 Episode 12 (2011) blacked out to resolve Google's penalty against this site.
- See more words with the same meaning: muscles.
|+||Add a definition for this slang term|
Slang terms with the same meaning
Other terms relating to'muscles':
|Definitions include: muscles.|
|Definitions include: very toned abdominal muscles.|
|Definitions include: acronym for "adult baby".|
|Definitions include: biceps.|
|Definitions include: abdominal muscles.|
Slang terms with the same root words
None. How about some random words?
|Definitions include: very "bitchin'".|
|Definitions include: acronym for "talk amongst yourselves".|
|Definitions include: to hit. Often spoken as a sound effect when playfully hitting a friend, especially when they do or say something stupid.|
|Definitions include: a bad person or group.|
|Definitions include: to see, look at.|
|Definitions include: devious.|
|Definitions include: huge breasts.|
|Definitions include: to satisfy, make happy or excite.|
|Definitions include: to leave.|
|Definitions include: misspelling of "ratchet".|
|I use it||(3)|
|No longer use it||(0)|
|Heard it but never used it||(0)|
|Have never heard it||(2)|
Average of 4 votes: 48% (See the most vulgar words.)
Your vote: None (To vote, click the pepper. Vote how vulgar the word is – not how mean it is.)
To link to this term in a web page or blog, insert the following.
To link to this term in a wiki such as Wikipedia, insert the following.
Some wikis use a different format for links, so be sure to check the documentation.


text:
Common name: coastal black gooseberry, wild gooseberry, spreading gooseberry
Scientific name: Ribes divaricatum
Plant family: Grossulariaceae
Description: Coastal black gooseberry is a deciduous shrub that grows from 3 to 7 feet tall with dark green, glossy leaves. They are 2-5 centimeters across with deeply indented lobes that are roughly maple leaf shaped. Where the leaf attaches to the stem, there are one to three spines. The flowers are green or purple with white to reddish petals, with four or fewer flowers in an inflorescence. The fruits are round, dark purple or black and smooth, approximately 1 centimeter long.
Habitat and range: The shrub grows at low elevations in west-side forests, coastal, meadows, wet areas, moist open woods, canyons, and coastal bluffs from British Columbia to California. It likes full sun to partial shade or dappled sunlight.
Historical and contemporary uses: The primary use of Ribes divaricatum is as a food. Various Native American groups eat the fruit of this species in its fresh, dried, cooked, or preserved state. The majority of these groups simply eat the berries ripe, raw, and fresh, but others like the Cowlitz (Central Washington) eat them while they are still green. Another variation is the Hesquiat (Vancouver Island and surrounding continental coast) eating the ripe berries with oil, rather than plain. Although less common, some groups cooked the berries, the Bella Coola (British Columbia) reduced the berries into a sauce eaten with other foods. Usually when groups cooked the berries, they were also storing them as a winter food. The Cowlitz and Gosiute both dried berries, but again the Cowlitz used green berries, not ripe berries. The Coast Salish (Northern Vancouver Island and northern coast of continent) did not eat the berry raw but only cooked it into a dense cake that could be saved for the winter months. Tvxhe Thompson (British Columbia) crushed the berries into a drink and also cooked them in a sort of pie. Often these groups view Ribes divaricatum similarly to how modern society views a dessert. In fact, like the Thompson group, modern Americans gather the wild gooseberry and bake it into pies and other dishes. Though European varieties of gooseberry are more common or traditionally used berries for this purpose,Ribes divaicatum is cultivated by some Northwest nurseries for their sweet and juicy fruits.
Various Native American groups also used Ribes divaricatum as cordage, netting, pipstems, and sharp tools. The Saanich and Cowichan boiled the root with cedar and wild rose, before pounding it and weaving it into rope, which they used to make reef nets for fishing. The Bella Coola hallowed out the stalks of the plant and used them as pipe stems for smoking. The Coast Salish used the thorns, which grow where the leaf meets the stem, as sharp tools for boils, removing splinters, and for tattooing.


text:
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
|Pacinian corpuscle, with its system of capsules and central cavity.|
a. Arterial twig, ending in capillaries, which form loops in some of the intercapsular spaces, and one penetrates to the central capsule.
b. The fibrous tissue of the stalk.
n. Nerve tube advancing to the central capsule, there losing its white matter, and stretching along the axis to the opposite end, where it ends by a tuberculated enlargement.
|Gray's||subject _TAG_|
|Pacinian capsule labeled at bottom.|
The Pacinian corpuscle is oval shaped and approximately 1 mm in length. The entire corpuscle is wrapped by a layer of connective tissue. It has 20 to 60 concentric lamellae composed of fibrous connective tissue and fibroblasts, separated by gelatinous material. The lamellae are very thin, flat, modified Schwann cells. In the center of the corpuscle is the inner bulb, a fluid-filled cavity with a single afferent unmyelinated nerve ending.
Pacinian corpuscles detect gross pressure changes and vibrations. Any deformation in the corpuscle causes action potentials to be generated, by opening pressure-sensitive sodium ion channels in the axon membrane. This allows sodium ions to influx in, creating a receptor potential.
These corpuscles are especially susceptible to vibrations, which they can sense even centimeters away . Pacinian corpuscles cause action potentials when the skin is rapidly indented but not when the pressure is steady, due to the layers of connective tissue that cover the nerve ending . It is thought that they respond to high velocity changes in joint position.
See also Edit
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Anatomy Atlases - Microscopic Anatomy, plate 06.124
- Dictionary at eMedicine lamellated+corpuscles
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


text: (Top) Monocotyledon (internal structures of a corn seed with stages of germination). Nutrients are stored in the cotyledon and endosperm tissue. The radicle and hypocotyl (region between the cotyledon and radicle) give rise to the roots. The epicotyl (region above the cotyledon) gives rise to the stem and leaves and is covered by a protective sheath (coleoptile). (Bottom) Dicotyledon (internal structures of a bean seed with stages of germination). All nutrients are stored in the enlarged cotyledons. The radicle gives rise to the roots, the hypocotyl to the lower stem, and the epicotyl to the leaves and upper stem.


Boob Scoop
If you've ever had a milk blister on your nipple, you most likely remember how painful one can be. Like a paper cut, it makes you wonder how something so small could hurt so much! Improper latching and an oversupply are the most common causes of milk blisters. Here's a helpful overview on what they are and ways to treat them:


text:
Canada Safety Council
The Canada Safety Council is an independent, knowledge-based, charitable organization dedicated to the cause of safety. We provide national leadership in safety through information, education and collaboration. We are Canada's voice and resource for safety.
As a not-for-profit, non-government organization, the Council draws upon the dedication and commitment of its directors, committee members and instructors. Contributions from corporate and individual members enable a small professional staff to maintain programming and respond to inquiries from the public, professionals, the media and others.
- To minimize avoidable death, injury, and damage to property by devising, recognizing, encouraging and promoting methods and procedures leading to improved safety, protection and health among all persons in public and private places throughout Canada.
- To focus attention on the vital importance of safety.
- To arouse public interest and participation in safety measures.
- To publish and disseminate educational programs and information relating to safety.
- To promote and support the development of safer products and services.
- To provide incentives for leadership and to recognize achievement in safety.
- To assist in the drafting and enactment of safety legislation.
Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI) provides the following information for individuals relating to the use of snowmobiles, ATV's, and UTV's.
You don't need a special class of driver's licence or an endorsement to operate a snowmobile or ATV, but you must meet these requirements:
- You must hold a valid Class 1 to 5 driver's licence.
- You must be at least 16 years old.
- If you were born after Jan. 1, 1989, you must take an approved safety course.
If you're under 16 and/or have a Class 7 driver's licence, you can only operate a snowmobile or ATV while either:
- Accompanied by someone who holds a Class 1 to 5 licence.
- Supervised (within 5 m of and in view of) by someone on another machine that holds a Class 1 to 5 driver's licence.
Government of Saskatchewan
Legislation entitled "The All Terrain Vehicles Act " governs the use of all terrain and off-road vehicles with in the province of Saskatchewan. A copy of the complete Act can be downloaded from the Government of Saskatchewan website.
Occupational Health and Safety
In Saskatchewan the operation of motorized recreatioinal vehicles is governed by the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 and the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1996 under the section for Powered Mobile Equipment (PME). Table 14.1 in Section 154 establishes the minimum training requirments for competent operator of Power Mobile Equipment. Also available on the Government of Saskatchewan website is a list of frequently asked questions (FAQ) related to Operator Training Requirements.


text:
Undated photograph of the Nauvoo Temple.
|Dedication||1 May 1846
|Floor area||54,000 sq ft (5,000 m2)|
|Preceded by||Kirtland Temple|
|Official website• News & images|
The Nauvoo Temple was the second temple constructed by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, commonly known as the Mormons. The church's first temple was completed in Kirtland, Ohio, United States, in 1836. When the main body of the church was forced out of Nauvoo, Illinois, in the winter of 1846, the church attempted to sell the building, finally succeeding in 1848. The building was damaged by fire and a tornado before being demolished.
In 1937, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reacquired the lot on which the original temple had stood. The Church built a temple on the original site whose exterior is a replica of the first temple, but whose interior is laid out like a modern Latter-day Saint temple. On 27 June 2002, a date that coincided with the 158th anniversary of the deaths of Joseph and Hyrum Smith, the temple was dedicated as the Nauvoo Illinois Temple.
||This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2009)|
The Latter-day Saints made preparations to build a temple soon after establishing their headquarters at Nauvoo, Illinois in 1839. On 6 April 1841, the temple's cornerstone was laid under the direction of Joseph Smith, Jr., the church's restorer. Sidney Rigdon gave the principal oration. At its base the building was 128 feet (39 m) long and 88 feet (27 m) wide with a clock tower and weather vane reaching to a total height of 165 feet (50 m)—a 60% increase over the dimensions of the Kirtland Temple. Like Kirtland, the Nauvoo Temple contained two assembly halls, one on the first floor and one on the second, called the lower and upper courts. Both had classrooms and offices in the attic. Unlike Kirtland, the Nauvoo Temple had a full basement which housed a baptismal font. Because the Saints had to abandon Nauvoo, the building was not entirely completed. The basement with its font was finished, as were the first floor assembly hall and the attic. When these parts of the building were completed they were used for performing ordinances (basement and attic) or for worship services (first floor assembly hall).
The Nauvoo Temple was designed in the Greek Revival style by Mormon architect William Weeks, under the direction of Smith. Weeks' design made use of distinctively Latter-day Saint motifs, including Sunstones, Moonstones, and Starstones. It is often mistakenly thought that these stones represent the Three Degrees of Glory in the Mormon conception of the afterlife, but the stones appear in the wrong order. Instead, Wandle Mace, foreman for the framework of the Nauvoo Temple, has explained that the design of the temple was meant to be "a representation of the Church, the Bride, the Lamb's wife" (Wandle Mace, Autobiography 207 (BYU Special Collections)). In this regard Mace references John's statement in Revelation 12:1 concerning the "woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars." This explains why the Starstones are at the top of the temple ("crown of twelve stars"), the Sunstones in the middle ("clothed with the sun") and the Moonstones at the bottom ("moon under her feet").
Construction was only half complete when Smith was assassinated in 1844. After a succession crisis, Brigham Young was sustained as the church's leader by the majority of Mormons in Nauvoo. As mob violence increased during the summer of 1845, he encouraged the Latter-day Saints to complete the temple even as they prepared to abandon the city. Even as the temple was under construction portions of it were used for sacred rites, such as baptisms for the dead in the basement font. During the winter of 1845-46, the temple began to be used for additional ordinances, including the Nauvoo-era rituals of Endowment and Sealings in Marriage and Adoptions. The Nauvoo Temple was in use for less than three months.
Most of the Latter-day Saints left Nauvoo, beginning in February 1846, but a small crew remained to finish the temple's first floor, so that it could be formally dedicated. Once the first floor was finished with pulpits and benches, the building was finally dedicated in private services on 30 April 1846, and in public services on 1 May. In September 1846 the remaining Mormons were driven from the city and vigilantes from the neighboring region, including Carthage, Illinois, entered the near-empty city and vandalized the temple.
Initially the church's agents tried to lease the structure, first to the Catholic Church, and then to private individuals. When this failed, they attempted to sell the temple, asking up to $200,000, but this effort also met with no success. On 11 March 1848, the church's agents sold the building to another Mormon, David T. LeBaron, for $5,000. Finally, the New York Home Missionary Society expressed interested in leasing the building as a school, but around midnight on 8–9 October, 1848, the temple was set on fire. Nauvoo's residents — mostly non-Mormons and the few Mormons remaining in Nauvoo — vainly attempted to put out the fire, but the temple was gutted. James J. Strang, leader of a rival faction of Latter Day Saints, accused Young's agents of setting fire to the temple; however, these charges were never proven. On 2 April 1849 LeBaron sold the damaged temple to Étienne Cabet for $2,000. Cabet, whose followers were called Icarians, hoped to establish Nauvoo as a communistic utopia.
On 27 May 1850, the temple was struck by a tornado which toppled one wall, and Cabet ordered the demolition of two more walls in the interests of public safety, leaving only the façade standing. The Icarians used much of the temple's stone to build a new school building on the southwest corner of the temple lot. By 1857, however, most of Cabet's followers had left Nauvoo and over time many of the original stones for the temple were used in the construction of other buildings throughout Hancock County. In February 1865 Nauvoo's City Council ordered the final demolition of the last standing portion of the temple—one lone corner of the façade. Soon afterwards, all evidence of the temple disappeared, except for a hand pump over a well that supplied water to the font. Three of the original sunstones are known to have survived and are on display — one is on loan to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' Visitor Center in Nauvoo, one is in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C, and the third and only one that has not been restored is displayed, along with the only moonstone on display, at the Joseph Smith Historic Center (Community of Christ).
Nauvoo Illinois Temple
Between 1937 and 1962, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reacquired the lot on which the temple stood. In 1999 church president Gordon B. Hinckley announced the rebuilding of the temple on its original footprint. After two years of construction, on 27 June 2002, the church dedicated the new temple, whose exterior is a replica of the first temple, but whose interior is laid out like a modern Latter-day Saint temple.
At its base the Nauvoo Temple was 128 feet (39 m) long and 88 feet (27 m) wide with a tower and weather vane reaching to 65 feet (20 m). The second temple of the Latter Day Saint movement was built 60% larger in dimensions than its predecessor, the Kirtland Temple. Like Kirtland, the temple contained two assembly halls, one on the first floor and one on the second, called the lower and upper courts. Both had classrooms and offices in the attic. Unlike Kirtland, it had a full basement which housed a baptismal font.
The limestone used for the original temple was quarried from a site just west of the temple. Much of that quarry, however, was submerged by rising water behind the Keokuk Dam in 1912. Therefore, Russellville, Alabama, subsidiary of Minnesota's Vetter Stone Company, was chosen by the Church to provide stone for the new temple. Church officials say the quarry was selected because it provided stone that is a close match to the limestone originally used.
The basement was reached from the spiral staircases at the northwest and southwest corners of the temple. The staircase landing was made of wood and opened to a short hallway heading East, leading to the basement proper. Between the two hallways was an unfinished room sealed off from the rest of the temple, containing an old well that had been dug but never used. The room was discovered by an anti-Mormon mob who broke through the floor of the vestibule above.
The basement proper was one hundred feet long and forty feet wide with six rooms of varying sized on either side. The sides of the rooms were stone and abutted the massive stone piers that supported


text:
Three German researchers ran a study to see what would happen if a robot played with knives around humans (creepy, gross, audio-less video after the cut). Shockingly, they found out giving robots knives could result in lethal injuries to humans. Noooooo. Surely not.
The tests involved a robot arm weighing 14kg and a 1.1m reach that was equipped with a variety of bladed household tools including a steak knife, kitchen knife, scissors and screwdriver. The robot arm was programmed to use the bladed tools to stab and cut a silicone lump, a leg from a dead pig and the arm of a human volunteer. [BBC via Arbroath]
They didn't involve the human volunteer until after turning on the collision detection system they designed. It uses torque sensors to alert the robot to stop when it hits a different substance. Meaning you get a tiny puncture wound instead of a new giant hole for the robots to store all their Styx cassettes in. (Robots love "Mr. Roboto".)
Ah, robot, I see you've played knifey spoony before.


text:
Table of contents
About this book
These Proceedings contain the papers and oral discussions presented at the Symposium on AERODYNAMIC DRAG MECHANISMS of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehides held at the General Motors Research Laboratories in Warren, Michigan, on September 27 and 28, 1976. This international, invitational Symposium was the twentieth in an annual series, each one having been in a different technical discipline. The Symposia provide a forum for areas of science and technology that are of timely interest to the Research Laboratories as weIl as the technical community at large, and in which personnel of the Laboratories are actively involved. The Symposia furnish an opportunity for the exchange of ideas and current knowledge between participating research specialists from educational, industrial arid governmental institutions and serve to stimulate future research activity. The present world-wide energy situation makes it highly desirable to reduce the force required to move road vehicles through the atmosphere. A significant amount of the total energy consumed for transportation is expended in overcoming the aerodynamic resistance to motion of these vehicles. Reductions in this aerodynamic drag can therefore have a large impact on ground transportation energy requirements. Although aerodynamic development work on road vehides has been performed for many years, it has not been widely reported or accompanied by much basic research.
Motor aerodynamics atmosphere basic research development dynamics education energy future mechanism mechanisms modeling research simulation technology


text:
At that time, God said to me, 'Carve out two stone tablets like the first ones, and come up to Me on the mountain. Make yourself a wooden ark.
Ba'et hahi amar Adonay elay psol-lecha shney-luchot avanim karishonim va'aleh elay haharah ve'asita lecha aron ets.
Exodus 34:1. This was on 1 Elul, after Moses had prayed for the people forty days (Rashi).
Some say that this was a temporary ark, that was used until the golden ark mentioned in Exodus 25:10 was made (Ramban; Bachya). According to others, this ark was used for the broken tablets, and it was taken out in war (Rashi; see Numbers 10:33). Some say that Moses made the basic ark out of acacia wood, and then Betzalel covered it with gold (Malbim; cf. Ibn Ezra; Yoma 3b, 72b).


text:
Health fears over computer material
A material used in computer technology could pose health risks to those involved in its manufacture, according to scientists.
Nanoplatelets, made from thin layers of the carbon graphene, are said to be used for their super-conductive properties.
The flexibility of the disc-shaped particles mean they can be readily incorporated into plastic and rubber, and are used to enhance the electronic properties of touch screens.
However, scientists at the University of Edinburgh have found that the particles could be harmful when they enter the lungs.
The nanoplatelets, which are less than one carbon atom thick and invisible to the naked eye, behave like tiny Frisbees and stay airborne.
But researchers said their aerodynamic properties mean that when inhaled, they can find their way deeper into the lungs than other forms of graphene, meaning they could accumulate in the lungs and cause damage.
Professor Ken Donaldson, chair of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, said: "We need to further assess the potential hazards posed by nanoplatelets made of graphene and other materials, so that appropriate health and safety measures can be put in place for those involved in their manufacture."
The study, which looked at the aerodynamic and toxic properties of graphene-based nanoplatelets, has been published in the journal ACS Nano.


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
- The strategic application of elecytolyte balance to minimize heat stress in broilers
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
- FAPESP: 2008/08575-4
- Several physiological and metabolic changes are triggered in broilers submitted to high environmental temperatures, resulting in performance losses. Feed formulation manipulation of the dietary electrolyte balance may be applied to reduce the negative impact of heat stress on broiler performance. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the manipulations of dietary electrolytes by combining changes in the electrolyte (Na++K+–Cl- ) balance (EB) and in the [(K++Cl- )/Na+] ratio (ER) in broiler feeds. In total, 1575 male broilers between 21 and 46 days old were allotted to 15 treatments in a 5x3 factorial arrangement, consisting of five diets with different EB/ER combinations (150/3, 250/2, 250/3, 250/4, and 350/3). Birds were submitted to heat stress at 25 or 35 days old. Live performance, mortality rate, and carcass traits were evaluated. The strategic formulation of diets with different EB and ER improves live performance and minimize the effect of heat stress on broilers. Under thermoneutral conditions, an EB of 250 mEq/kg and an ER of 3 are recommended, whereas under heat stress, and EB of 350 mEq/kg and an ER of 3 should be applied.
- Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola / Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, v. 17, n. 2, p. 237-246, 2015.
- Acute heat stress
- Acesso aberto
There are no files associated with this item.
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


text:
PMP Certification: Identifying the Scope of a Project
Starting with the project's results is the best route to understanding the project's scope. The first order of business is to identify your customer and sponsor definitions of a successful project. You'll see how to make the definition of success measurable and quantifiable. By being able to define what makes your project successful, you figure out how to
- Manage expectations for customers and sponsors
- Set the appropriate criteria for project acceptance
- Determine how the project should be measured
You'll also determine
- Key milestones: set, track, and control
- Quality standards you must satisfy
The success of your project requires setting, managing, and meeting or exceeding customer expectations. If you meet or exceed their expectations, your customers will be satisfied and happy. Happy customers are a key element in determining the success of your project.
Situational exam questions feature the scenario of an unsatisfied customer. The question asks:
What could the project manager have done to prevent the situation?
Or two variants:
What can you do to prevent a customer from becoming unsatisfied?
How can you change an unsatisfied customer to a satisfied one?
The correct response is for the project manager to begin by setting customer expectations. You set expectations by clearly defining the scope of the project — that's before the customer has the chance to become unsatisfied. Documenting requirements and having the customer sign off on those requirements round out the answer. The key to understanding unsatisfied customer questions is to recognize how the processes in the given scenario relate to each other (process interactions) and to their results (process outputs). Because each scenario is different, the processes involved vary. Sometimes, it's a scope scenario. But it could involve time, cost, or quality scenarios. Think of a linear process — going forward along the project timeline from the beginning. Determine where the customer became unhappy: at what process interaction or out. Then think about the process steps going backward from the result (or output) to the intermediate results. When you get into this mindset, you'll be able to visualize how to re-create the steps of any process, as well as how to correct or prevent a missed step.
Identifying project stakeholders
A stakeholder is anyone who has a clear stake in the project's success. For example, any individual or organization actively involved in the project — and whose interests may be positively or negatively affected by the project's success or failure — counts as a stakeholder. Stakeholders can be internal or external to the performing organization, and all their expectations must be managed. Each stakeholder risks something of value in the project's outcome.
The most important stakeholder is the customer. Internal stakeholders include internal customers, departments, management, employees, and administrators. External stakeholders include customers, suppliers, investors, community groups, and government agencies. Naturally, stakeholders have their own agendas, goals, and priorities.Stakeholder managementis the process of aligning stakeholders with each other and the team.
In a typical project, key stakeholders are the people in the following roles:
- Steering committee: A group of high-level executives from functional company areas (and customer representatives) who provide guidance and overall strategic direction. By contributing their functional expertise, they add strategic input to the project. They can also enlist cooperation from their functional groups, making it possible for a larger part of the organization to have a stake in the project's success.
- Project champion: A senior executive who promotes and defends your project within the larger parent organization.
- Sponsor: The one who provides financial resources and direction. This person must have the management authority to settle any disputes between project staff and functional staff.
- Performing organization: The company or group doing the work.
- Project organization: A group that serves the project and participants. It includes the structure, roles, and responsibilities of the project team, as well as its interfaces to the outside.
- The project organization is not the same thing as a projectized organization. The project organization refers to the project team itself. Projectized refers to a specific model where organizations are structured by projects rather than by functional departments. The project doesn't belong to any department, but to the entire organization.
- Project manager: The person who manages the project daily.
- Customer: The buyer expected to use the product or service that the project creates. In practice, it's anyone who participates in focus groups or has bought the company's (or competitors') products.
- Project team member: Anyone performing work on the project, especially someone who manages (or reports directly to) the project organization; team leaders are the heads of individual groups within the project team. In addition to people loaned from other departments or from resource pools, the team also includes all contractors and consultants.
- Individual contributor: Anyone working on the project without a management role but sharing accountability for achieving results.
- Functional manager: Handles the business and technical management of a functional group — in particular their performance review.
- Project accountant: Provides cost and budget information for the project. Usually this is a member of the accounting department (often on the controller's staff) who can ensure that invoices for project work get paid on time and can provide data for your earned value measurements.
- Project influencer: Is positively or negatively impacted because of the result of the project or potential changes from the project.
- Information sources: Individuals who provide helpful information. They may have special knowledge of the project as a result of their roles in similar projects, or they might be customers of similar products. They may be experts in law or human resources, or in an industry association.
You must ensure that diverse individuals function as a team. You have to coach, lead, and ensure the team's commitment to a common mission for which they are mutually accountable. With functional managers, you'll resolve conflicts between team members; each may have different time priorities, individual objectives and goals, and available resources. Also with functional managers, you'll resolve resource conflicts and negotiate compromises.


text: This is one of the few parks along the coast that includes portions of the forest to the east. Along its three mile length is evidence of an extensive logging operation that seems to indicate that this was the location of an active mill. The Park contains a total area of 1,162 acres with 7,630 feet of ocean frontage. With its rugged headlands thrusting out into the Pacific, the park is thought of by many as the north coast's rival of Point Lobos. One of the many features of the headlands is the "blow hole." Its formation was made by the incessant pounding of waves against the coastal headlands. A tunnel has been formed which comes inland about 200 feet, and at its end the earth has caved away, forming a hole 100 feet across and 60 feet deep; one can look into this flower and plant-lined pit and watch the surging sea at high tide. Or hike inland through Fern Canyon to the 36-foot high waterfall that's spectacular after the winter rains.


text:
Computación científica en el mundo real (Computer Science for the Real World): Grades 3-4, Nonfiction Social Studies
In today's world, Computer Science literacy is as important as reading, writing, and math. Computer Science will be a part of every student's future career, regardless of the discipline, and is therefore an essential part of college and career readiness. At school districts throughout the country, and in conjunction with parents' wishes, Computer Science instruction is beginning in the earliest grades where computational thinking and concepts of digital citizenship can be cultivated across the curriculum. COMPUTER SCIENCE FOR THE REAL WORLD™ is a new program created specifically to embed core concepts and core practices from the new K12CS Framework into high-interest leveled texts. This nonfiction set explores informational texts that combine grade-appropriate social studies topics with a concept or practice from the K12CS Framework. The back cover indicates the GRL level as well as the exact concept or practice from the K12CS Framework.


text:
Fuel poverty is type of financial hardship in which households struggle to afford to heat their homes to comfortable, safe temperatures. Fuel poverty results from one or several factors – low income, high fuel costs, and energy inefficient homes. Fuel poor households worry about their energy bills, rack up debts to their suppliers, turn down thermostats and cope with cold living conditions.
Cold rooms aren't just uncomfortable: they can exacerbate health problems and contribute to premature deaths. The government runs several social schemes to alleviate fuel poverty, including winter fuel payments and the warm home discount scheme.
To understand fuel poverty, and how these schemes can help if you're experiencing it, read on:
Compare energy suppliers and save money in five minutes!
In the past, a household was legally considered to be fuel poor if it had to spend more than 10% of its income on fuel to heat living spaces to an 'adequate standard.' An adequate standard is defined as 21°C in the main living room and 18°C in other inhabited rooms, including bedrooms.
This is still the definition that applies in Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
However, since 2013, England has used a different definition of fuel poverty—the so-called 'low income, high cost' model.
Under this definition, a household is categorised as fuel poor if it meets both of the following conditions:
This definition has been criticised because it is a relative measure of fuel poverty and may underestimate the true extent. For example, it has failed to account for rising fuel costs and falling incomes over the last decade, which have driven up rates of fuel poverty in the devolved nations. In contrast, under the new definition, rates of official fuel poverty have remained flat in England.
In 2016, the last year for which full data is available, 11.1% of households – 2.55 million – in England were fuel poor. That's an increase from the 11% that experienced fuel poverty in 2015.
In Scotland, which uses the older definition of fuel poverty, 649,000 households (26.5% of the total) were categorised as fuel poor in 2016.
In Wales, there were 291,000 households – 23% of all households – in fuel poverty. In Northern Ireland, 160,000 experienced fuel poverty, 22% of the total.
According to data from the fuel poverty charity National Energy Action (NEA), 82.1% of households in fuel poverty are considered vulnerable, meaning they have children, elderly members, or someone with a long-term illness or disability. Among household types, single parent families have the highest prevalence of fuel poverty, at 26.4%.
Fuel poverty is more common in rural areas than in urban areas. 14% of populations in rural villages, hamlets, and isolated dwellings are in fuel poverty, due to a combination of inefficient homes and the use of more expensive heating, including electricity.
Additionally, people from ethnic minority backgrounds were more likely to experience fuel poverty than white households, with 17% in fuel poverty compared to 10%.
Fuel poverty is also more prevalent among those who rent in the private rented sector, with 19.4% of rented households experiencing fuel poverty. They make up more than a third (35.4%) of all households in fuel poverty. In contrast, 13.8% of social tenants and 7.7% of owner-occupiers are fuel poor.
Both definitions of fuel poverty allow the government and charities to assess not just the prevalence of fuel poverty but also its depth – the difference between a household's average gas and electric bill and what it would have to be for the household to no longer be classified as fuel poor. This figure is known as the household's fuel poverty gap.
In 2016, the average fuel poverty gap in England was £326 a year. This decreased 4.4% in real terms from 2015. The cumulative fuel poverty gap in England was £832 million.
However, rising energy costs led the Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) to forecast that the average fuel poverty gap would increase by 9% between 2016 and 2018, to £357.
The fuel poverty gap for those in rural areas was found to be double that in urban areas, at nearly £600 a year.
Fuel poverty is caused by one, or several compounding factors:
Cold temperatures can be hazardous for our health and even fatal, especially among the old, the very young, and those in poor health. Cold interior temperatures increase the likelihood, and severity, of colds and influenza, and exacerbate existing health conditions like asthma and other respiratory issues. Cold rooms also have a detrimental impact on mental health. Overall, fuel poverty is estimated to cost the National Health Service £3.6 million every day.
The UK experiences an average of 32,000 excess deaths each year in the winter. Of those, a tenth can directly be attributed to fuel poverty, according to the End Fuel Poverty Coalition.
The government runs a number of schemes to alleviate fuel poverty, delivering both immediate relief on energy bills for vulnerable populations and long-term savings by increasing the energy efficiency of homes. These include:


Long Yang NGO is committed to the preservation and revival of an original Buddhist practice path from the Himalayas. Therefore, we create places and possibilities to make the spiritual and medical knowledge of Buddhist traditions from the Himalayas accessible to people from all over the world. The main focus of our work is the establishment of Akasha Academy Munich and Nepal according to the vision of Tulku Khyungdor Rinpoche. At the same time we engage in various social and ecological projects supporting sustainable development in the region.
Beyond Long Yang e.V.


text:
Although it has been co-opted by civilian drivers, the Humvee remains an important vehicle to the U.S. military and other armed forces around the world.
Multiple Versions and Roles
Humvee is a nickname derived from the acronym for the vehicle's full name – The High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV). The Humvee is a four wheel drive vehicle that is used to transport soldiers over difficult terrain. The Humvee has largely supplanted the transportation role that had been traditionally filled by jeeps and trucks.
In service with the U.S. military since 1985, the Humvee comes in unarmored and armored versions. Today, there are about 20 different versions of Humvees being used by the U.S. military. The vehicles range in price from $65,000 to $150,000. Humvees are used as ambulances, troop carriers, missile carriers, and as air support vehicles.
The Humvee contains rugged suspension, disk brakes on all four wheels, and extremely strong axles. The vehicles can serve a combat role and be outfitted with heavy machine guns, grenade launchers, and sniper detection systems.
Widely Used by the U.S. Military
The U.S. Military began developing the Humvee in the late 1970s after it was decided that modern combat missions required a durable and multipurpose vehicle. The Humvee was created by AM General LLC of South Bend, Indiana. The vehicle was first used in combat during the invasion of Panama in 1989. Today, the Humvee is a major part of the U.S. military's ground vehicle fleet. There have been as many as 10,000 Humvees used in the current combat mission in Iraq.
Although the Humvee was initially designed to transport cargo and soldiers, it continues to evolve and develop new roles with the U.S. military. Many militaries around the world use Humvees or some version of the vehicle, including Canada, Israel, Russia, Saudi Arabia and Spain. Many countries such as China have developed replica Humvees for their military.
The U.S. military is now exploring the possibility of replacing the Humvee. A number of prototypes are being developed to replace aging Humvees and update the vehicle to meet the needs of current combat missions.
The HUMMER and Civilian Use
Due to the Humvees' popularity, AM General began manufacturing a civilian version of the vehicle in 1992. Known as the "HUMMER," AM General describes the civilian version of the vehicle as "the world's most serious 4x4." Today, HUMMER's are popular with sports figures and celebrities who like the vehicle's tough exterior and large size.


text:
New GemBox.Spreadsheet 4.5 Release with support for right-to-left scripts
We have just released a new setup, help, and examples for the GemBox.Spreadsheet 4.5 with support for bidirectional texts when saving to PDF, XPS, or image file formats. This includes support for languages that use a right-to-left script such as Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Hebrew, or Yiddish.
We also added support for customizing the direction of the workbook elements by using the following properties:
- CellStyle.TextDirection – specifies the reading order of the cell
- ExcelViewOptions.ShowColumnsFromRightToLeft – specifies the direction of the worksheet


text:
This book has a twofold purpose: to provide a concise presentation of the essential grammar of modern Hindi which brings beginners as quickly as possible to the point where they can read modern prose; and to serve as a reference for those consolidating their grasp of the language. People planning to visit India for business or pleasure will also find this book very useful: colloquial vocabulary and style receive as much detailed attention as the more formal written style. The material is presented in roman transliteration as well as in the Hindi script.
This is a completely revised edition: the exercise have been updated to provide a wider coverage of grammar and modern usage, and a new series of listening and reading exercises presented in dialogue form has been incorporated. Other additions include a section in the Introduction illustrating the formation of Hindi (Devanagari) script characters in handwriting, a detailed grammatical index and an updated list of further readings.
R. S. McGregor is Emeritus Reader in Hindi, Cambridge University. He is also an author of Urdu Study Materials for Use with Outline of Hindi Grammar (OUP, 1992), and editor of the Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary (OUP, 1992).


How to Get Rid of Raspberry Crazy Ants in Electronics, Appliances & Kitchens Etc in Thrall, TX
There are over 12,000 species and chances are you have met quite a few different types of ants. In Texas, there are many different species, but some are more commonly found. Crazy ants are among the most common types of ants that are likely to be found along with Texas properties and today, we at A-Tex Pest Management would like to take the opportunity to elaborate on them.
Crazy Ants in Electronics & Electrical Appliances
Crazy ants are known under a few aliases including raspberry crazy ant and tawny crazy ant. Their infestation is notorious for being of epic proportions because this particular species is wildly invasive and has a rather dense population. Crazy ants earned their name because of their frantic and erratic movement in addition to the bizarre attraction to electrical equipment they seem to have. These ants are responsible for an estimated $146 million in electrical damages a year. When the crazy ants that suffer electrocution from the electronics, they release pheromone scents, this signals other crazy ants to rush onto the battlefield, causing more electrocution, and more pheromones to be released, continuing the domino effect. As the waves of crazy ants continue to pile up on the entire electrical system shorts out.
How to Identify Crazy Ants
There are a few distinct characteristics that help identify crazy ants. Crazy ants are typically reddish-brown, and are fairly tiny, measuring about 1/8 of an inch long. These ants have long coarse hairs scattered along with their bodies, and though both males and females have wings, they females shed them after mating, and they rarely fly. Known as an acid pore, crazy ants have a small round terminal orifice that contains venom is surrounded by a ring of hairs. Though they lack a stinger, they do deliver venom when they bite, and as mentioned, they have repaid erratic movement.
Raspberry Crazy Ant Habitat
Crazy ants are adaptable insects and easily survive in both dry and moist climates. Crazy ants live in tree cavities, plants, soil found beneath clutter or stones, yard clippings, and inside electrical equipment, as a break from the traditional ant mound or nests. Cold climates are challenging for crazy ants, so as the temperatures drop, these ants will find refuge indoors. Each of these ant colonies has a number of queens and quickly develop supercolonies that quickly multiply from a few thousand ants to millions of ants.
What Do Crazy Ants Eat?
From where they live, crazy ants will look for food at considerable distances. They are omnivorous and frequently include grease, meats, sweets, produce, and liquids when living close to humans and in the wild, they feast on the living and dead insects, honeydew, fruits, plant secretions, and seeds.
Crazy ants can be challenging to remove from your home or business, especially before they manage to cause substantial damage to any electrical systems, due to their habits and numbers. If you suspect crazy ants have invaded your Texas home, it is in your better interest to call in the experts of efficient removal. A-Tex Pest Management certified technicians have the tools and expertise to eliminate crazy antscall us today to get started!


text:
In anticipation of a state Joint Transportation Committee hearing on April 12, today, CLF and the Dukakis Center at Northeastern University released two reports to address the financial woes of public transportation in Massachusetts. The reports were based on conclusions gleaned from a blue-ribbon summit that the two groups co-hosted last November, which brought leading transit finance experts from around the country together to explore and develop solutions that can help build sustainable funding mechanisms for transit currently available in Massachusetts and allow expansion of those services over time. In addition, the reports are supplemented by a background paper describing the financial status of public transportation in Massachusetts and a series of options papers discussing the pros and cons of potential solutions to the problem.
Public transportation in Massachusetts is facing a stark financial crisis. The MBTA alone has a backlog of $3 billion of needed repairs and an increasing gap in its operating budget. The fifteen Regional Transit Authorities around the state, on the other hand, are forced to underserve their current customers because they lack a combined $125 million per year required just to meet present demand on existing bus routes.
Despite the fact that over the years they have received a lion's share of transportation dollars, the state's roads and bridges are also in desperate need of repairs. A few years ago, the Transportation Finance Commission projected that Massachusetts will have a $15-$19 billion gap in transportation resources over the next 20 years. While the existence and extent of this financial crisis is well documented, few solutions are currently on the table because so many stakeholders and policymakers mistakenly believe that transit finance in Massachusetts is an intractable and overwhelming problem for which no viable solution exists.
The important lessons learned from the summit include that:
- A financially stable public transportation system requires a healthy and diverse portfolio of revenue sources, rather than the current all-eggs-in-one-basket approach. The current funding system relies heavily on a small number of sometimes volatile funding sources, such as the sales tax. The experts underscored the importance of identifying brand new streams of revenue.
- With the chronic under-pricing of automobile travel, raising transit fares is not the answer. Increased fares, at this time, would send the wrong price signals to transportation users and would create more incentive for people to drive, ultimately reducing the great economic, environmental, and social benefits of public transportation.
- Along with new revenue sources, such as vehicle-miles-traveled fees, universal transit pass programs, and increased registry fees, as well as further cost-efficiencies, a change in fare structures, rather than raising fares, and maximizing ridership are key strategies for generating user revenue equitably and affordably.
Read the full reports, background and option papers:


text:
Predicted and Predictor Variables
By default, all quantitative variables are used for EM and regression estimation. If needed, you can choose specific variables as predicted and predictor variables in the estimation(s). A given variable can be in both lists, but there are situations in which you might want to restrict the use of a variable. For example, some analysts are uncomfortable estimating values of outcome variables. You may also want to use different variables for different estimations and run the procedure multiple times. For example, if you have a set of items that are nurses' ratings and another set that are doctors' ratings, you may want to make one run using the nurses' item to estimate missing nurses' items and another run for estimates of the doctors' items.
Another consideration arises when using the regression method. In multiple regression, the use of a large subset of independent variables can produce poorer predicted values than a smaller subset. Therefore, a variable must achieve an F-to-enter limit of 4.0 to be used. This limit can be changed with syntax.
To Specify Predicted and Predictor Variables
This feature requires the Missing Values option.
- From the
- In the main Missing Value Analysis dialog box, select the variable(s) for which you want to estimate missing values using the regression method.
- Select EM or Regression in the Estimation group.
- Click Variables.
- If you want to use specific rather than all variables as predicted and predictor variables, select Select variables and move variables to the appropriate list(s).


text: This study represents a first attempt to answer a few of the questions that have arisen concerning multimodal transportation investments and the impacts of mode shifts on the business community. This research aims to merge the long history of scholarly work that examines the impacts of the built environment on non-work travel with the relatively new interest in consumer spending by mode of travel. This empirical study of travel choices and consumer spending across 89 businesses in the Portland metropolitan area shows there are important differences between the amounts customers spend on average at various businesses by their mode of travel. However, these differences become less pronounced when we control for demographics of the customer and other attributes of the trip. This study of consumer spending and travel choices has some compelling findings that suggest some key spending and frequency differences by mode of travel that will likely invigorate the discussion of the economic impacts of these modes. Key findings are: 1) Bicyclists, pedestrians and transit riders are competitive consumers: When demographics and socioeconomics are controlled for, mode choice does not have a statistically significant impact on consumer spending at convenience stores, drinking establishments and restaurants. When trip frequency is accounted for, the average monthly expenditures by customer modes of travel reveal that bicyclists, transit users and pedestrians are competitive consumers and, for all businesses except supermarkets, spend more on average than those who drive and 2) The built environment matters: We support previous literature and find that residential and employment density, the proximity to rail transit, and the amount of automobile and bicycle parking are all important in explaining the use of non-automobile modes. In particular, provision of bike parking and bike corrals are significant predictors of bike mode share at the establishment level. Other findings lend more insight into the relationship between consumer behavior and travel choices. For the non-work destinations studied, the automobile remains the dominant mode of travel. Patrons are largely arriving by private vehicle to most of the destinations in this study, particularly to grocery stores where larger quantities of goods tend to be purchased. But, high non-automobile mode shares and short travel distances exist in areas of concentrated urban activity. In sum, this study provides some empirical evidence to answer the questions of business owners about how mode shifts might impact their market shares and revenues. More work is needed to better understand the implications of future changes and to provide a robust assessment of the returns on these investments and their economic impacts.


text:
Bushcraft is the activity of wilderness survival that involves making use of natural materials to help you live in the wild. Bushcraft skills include things like fire-making, shelter building, and hunting and gathering. If you're interested in learning bushcraft skills, there are a few things you should note before getting started.
Safety is always the top priority when it comes to bushcraft. Whether you are camping in the wilderness or just practicing survival skills in your backyard, taking the necessary precautions to stay safe is essential.
Remember Your Hierarchy of Needs
In order to be successful in bushcraft, it is important to remember your hierarchy of needs. The first step is to make sure you are physically safe and have the necessary supplies. Once you have taken care of your basic needs, you can focus on meeting your psychological needs. This includes things like having a sense of control over your environment and feeling connected to others. By remembering your hierarchy of needs, you can stay focused and effective in any situation.
Observe Your Surroundings
The ability to observe one's surroundings is an important skill for bushcraft. The ability to see what is going on around you, both near and far, can help you stay safe while in the wilderness. Being able to notice changes in your environment, such as a storm brewing, can help you make the necessary preparations to stay safe. Additionally, being observant can help you find food and shelter in the wilderness.
One of the most important aspects of bushcraft is getting permission to use the land. This ensures that you are respecting the property rights of the landowners and are not trespassing. It can also help to build relationships with landowners, which can lead to future opportunities for recreation or hunting on their property.
Leave No Trace
Leaving No Trace helps to protect the environment. When practicing Leave No Trace, you are taught to minimize your impact on the environment. This means that you take steps to avoid disturbing the natural environment and dispose of any waste properly. By following the principles of Leave No Trace, you can help preserve the natural beauty of the outdoors for future generations.
Is Bushcraft Hard for Beginner?
Bushcraft can be hard for beginner because it require certain skills and knowledge that takes time to learn. In order to become proficient in bushcraft, you need to be able to start with the basics and build your skills from there. In order to learn the basics, it is best to have a good mentor. With their wealth of experience and knowledge, mentors can teach you the ropes and help you avoid making costly mistakes. They can also provide support and encouragement when things get tough, helping you to stay motivated on your bushcraft journey.
In conclusion, there are many things to take into account when beginning bushcraft. It is important to be aware of your surroundings and to always practice safe techniques. With a little preparation and practice, you will be on your way to becoming a bushcraft expert in no time!


Thursday, March 22, 2012
If Anne Frank had a grave, she'd be spinning in it.
Recently, someone emailed me the Torah U'Mesorah list of approved secular literature. While I was not surprised that certain books failed to make the cut, such as Anne of Green Gables (Lucy Maud Montgomery was a minister's daughter, and a lot of the book focuses on the church), Little House in the Big Woods (dancing, hog-killing and Christmas), and Harry Potter ('nuff said), one entry made my eyebrows leap a mile.
Frank, Anne: The Diary of a Young Girl. Rated N for Not Acceptable. Huh?
According to the notes, the book failed to make the cut because Anne Frank, like most teenagers, talked back to her mother, and had a schoolgirl romance with fellow teenaged refugee Peter Van Daan.
So, let me get this straight. The most famous book, by a Jewish author, on a Jewish subject, is not acceptable for Jewish children to read? Because Anne was honest? What does THAT teach our children?
 1. I think the point is that they don't want to teach our children but rather to indoctrinate them.
 2. And that's why I don't want to send my kids there! I'd rather save the tuition and teach them to think for themselves!
 3. I wonder if you could post the list. I think it'd be interesting.
I'm not Monty Python. I hate SPAM.


Three Ways to Increase Intensity with Little Equipment
You don't need all the equipment to get a full body exercise. If you've got just a set of dumbbells and looking to not lose your gains, you just need to change your Speed, Rep Scheme, and Time Duration!
Change Speed - If you've got only one set of dumbbells and certain movements are easy because it is too light (probably a row or squat of some kind), then there are ways you can change the speed to make it more difficult
 1. Slow Down - Add a tempo to the movement. If you're row a 20# dumbbell, take 10 seconds to bring it to your chest instead of the usual.5 second. 6-10 of these tempo rows will feel like you got a serious arm day in.
 2. Speed Up - Add speed to a movement to make it more challenging. If you're squatting a 20# dumbbell, take 10 seconds to go down, pause at the bottom, and drive up as fast as you can.
 3. Stop (Isometric Hold) - Simply holding your muscles in contraction for a long period of time is extremely difficult. If you're rowing your 20# dumbbell, hold it at the top position for 30 seconds, relax for 10 seconds, then repeat until failure.
 4. Mix in a combination of all of these! Squat down slow for 10 seconds, hold the bottom position under tension for 5 seconds, then drive up as fast (or as slow) as you can!
Change Rep Scheme - Not only can you change the number of repetitions, but you can change the number of sets you do as well.
 1. Ascending Set - Start each set at 2 and go up by 2 each new round; or start at 5 and work your way up by 5s; or go up by the number squared (though that one will get tough REAL quick, ie, 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, yikes).
 2. Descending Set - Start each set at certain number and go down by a certain number. I'm a big fan of 21-15-9. Starts hard and finishes with a smaller number (not necessarily easier though). You can do 10-8-6...
 3. Pyramid Set - Start low and work your way high and since you had so much fun the first time through those numbers, might as well go back from where you came from! 3-6-9-12-15-18-21-18-15-12-9-6-3. You can start low or high with these and work the opposite direction! That'll get saucy!
 4. Plateau Set - Perform the lift at a low number then a high number for a few sets, then a low number. For instance, 3-8-8-8-3-8-8-8-3.
 5. Failure - Do multiple sets to failure. These are good for body weight things that are easy to start, but then get real hard after a few sets. I could easily knock out three sets of 20 push ups, but ask me to 3 sets of failure push ups and my numbers would likely be something along the lines of 30, 18, 11.
Change Time Duration - Not all working sets have to be done as set number of reps. Here are some thoughts on how to use a clock to spice up your workout.
 1. Tabata - A traditional tabata is :20 of work and :10 of rest for 8 rounds at one exercise, then do 3 other exercises for a total body slam sesh in less than 20 minutes. Push Ups, Sit Ups, Pull Ups (if possible), Body Weight Squats. The idea is to get as many reps as possible in that time period.
 2. X Amount of Time On, X Amount of Time Off - I like setting up a short cycle of exercises (such as 5 push ups, 8 sit ups, 11 body weight squats) and seeing how many times I can get through it in 2 minutes, with 90 seconds of rest; I'll then repeat for 4 more rounds.
 3. Death by (Insert Exercise) - This is an ascending rep scheme within a time domain. One rep the first minute, two the second, and so on... until you can't complete the number of reps in that minute. Your reps go up and rest goes down. Usually by the time you get to 12 or 13, you're gassed. A classic one I really like is Death by DB Thrusters.
25 views0 comments
Recent Posts
See All


Assistant Professor Receives National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship
Print this article Print
Email this
Dennis Britton, assistant professor of English
Dennis Britton, assistant professor of English, has been awarded a yearlong National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship at the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C. The fellowship will allow him to complete research and make final revisions to his current book project, "Becoming Christian: Race, Reformation, and Early Modern English Romance."
Britton's monograph is the first to explore the role of race in the Church of England's baptismal theology and literary representations of "infidels"—specifically Jews, Turks, and Moors—converting to Christianity in early modern English romance. Catholic romances emphasized baptism's magical power to transform infidels into faithful Christians. However, theologians within the Church of England denied the miraculous power of baptism, even debating whether or not it was necessary for salvation. In fact, many English theologians asserted that salvation could be assured by one's race and lineage. Britton contends that baptismal theology and emerging concepts of race provide a not-yet-recognized context for understanding why works such as Edmund Spenser's "The Faerie Queene" and William Shakespeare's "Merchant of Venice" and "Othello" transform and, at times, explicitly reject the infidel conversion motif.


text:
Banff (bămf, bănf) [key], town (1991 pop. 5,688), SW Alta., Canada, in the Rocky Mts., on the Bow River and the Trans-Canada Highway. A tourist center and winter resort established in the 1880s by the Canadian Pacific Railway, it is the headquarters of Banff National Park and gateway to Lake Louise. The Banff Center for Continuing Education is a noted fine-arts center.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
More on Banff from Infoplease:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Canadian Political Geography


text:
The following street addresses are associated with this building:
The following date-based events are associated with this building:
Nos 1-4 West Avenue
Design and Construction
The following individuals or organisations have carried out design/construction work. Where architects or practices worked together, matching letters appear beside their names in the Partnership Group column.


text:
Pot of Gold pop-up card
This is a charming pop-up card that children can make.
Adult supervision is advised since scissors are required.
Pot of Gold pop-up card Instructions
- Take a piece of paper and place it in "landscape" orientation. Draw a rainbow on the top half of the page. The rainbow should be centered and fairly symmetrical. You may also draw other fun features like a pot of gold, leprechauns, shamrocks, and clovers. Download sample drawing here.
- Color the picture and add a message. This will be your card.
- Fold the card in half with the picture on the outside. Use scissors and cut along the outer edge of the rainbow. Do not cut the rainbow completely off the card.
Note: this works best if the paper is folded such that the rainbow is exactly folded in the middle. The best way to do this is to hold the paper up to the light and align the left and right half of the rainbow so they overlap, then fold.
- Fold the rainbow flap down; make a good crease.
- Fold the rainbow flap back to its original position and open the card.
- Close the card again, but this time, fold it so that the picture is on the inside. Use your fingers to pull the rainbow flap so that it lies in between the folded card.
- The card should look like figure 7. Glue another sheet of paper onto the outside of the card. This serves as a backing to hide the rainbow hole.
- When you open the card, you will see a pop-up rainbow. It's a great St Patrick's Day craft! You can keep it as a pop-up card or convert it into a pop-up book by stapling on more blank sheets.