text:
Search the collections
Australian Red Cross Society
Image: Badge - Australian Red Cross Appeal, 1918 (Incomplete)
Source: Museum Victoria
The International Committee of the Red Cross was formed in 1863 and is the founding body of the Red Cross movement. Today the Australian Red Cross is one of 178 members of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
The Australian Red Cross was formed as a branch of the British Red Cross at Government House, Melbourne on 13 August 1914. It was established by Lady Helen Munro-Ferguson, wife of the Governor-General, nine days after the outbreak of World War I. Lady Munro-Ferguson had been a member of the British Red Cross in Fyfe, Scotland, and was aware of the important role the organization played in Britain. She asked the wives of each State Governor to form a local committee in each capital, which they agreed to do.
The first Australian Red Cross volunteers focused on supplying care parcels containing soap, toiletries, special food and games for sick and wounded troops. Within weeks of its foundation, the Branch was providing clothing (flannel shirts, cardigans, socks and gloves), medical supplies and equipment. Soon it was shipping items such as mosquito nets, hospital clothing and materials, and food parcels. It initiated the Voluntary Aid Detachments (VAD), whose members cared for the sick and wounded in hospitals, on trains during transport and in convalescent homes. The Red Cross provided assistance to the survivors of the Battle of Gallipoli, the soldiers who fought in Egypt, the blind and those suffering from the effects of war.
In 1915 it also began its Transport Service, driving soldiers who had returned on the hospital ships to their homes or convalescent facilities. By the end of 1916 the Service included 2,500 cars, with more than half overseas, working on the battlefields of France, Italy and East Africa. Transport duties included daily ambulance rounds to hospitals, weekly outings with patients, and delivering and collecting materials. The Australian Red Cross also developed the Cycle and Motor Cycle Corps, with volunteers delivering special Red Cross messages or small parcels.
After the Great War the Australian Red Cross continued to care for returned servicemen. The thousands of Australian Red Cross volunteers who had been engaged actively during the war effort remained involved through local services and programs which were expanded to include hospital visits, emergency and disaster assistance, transport and first aid training: all the while expanding the strength and professionalism of the volunteers and the capacity of Australian Red Cross. The sick and needy in the wider community were now also assisted.
In 1929 Australian Red Cross set up the Blood Transfusion Service in Victoria, which soon expanded throughout Australia. Today the Australian Red Cross Blood Service is considered to be one of the most effective and safe blood services in the world.
In the same year that the Blood Transfusion Service was established, the Second Geneva Convention stated that Red Cross volunteers could be deployed alongside official medical personnel of the armed forces in the task of searching for and evacuating wounded or killed soldiers, and in the prevention of disease in the armed forces.
In 1938 the Australian Red Cross was formally recognized as an autonomous National Society, and was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1941. Its official name became The Australian Red Cross Society.
World War II placed much bigger challenges on Red Cross Society volunteers and services: 347 men and 193 women served in 23 countries, as well as on hospital ships and aircraft carriers. Thousands of Australians spent hundreds of hours in Red Cross offices around the country, packing Red Cross parcels, sewing clothes and processing tracing requests.
Volunteers worked in hospitals throughout Australia, and the Australian Red Cross also supplied all personnel except for doctors and nurses for civil emergency hospitals and first aid posts. They cooked meals, carried out immunization programs and organized blood donor drives. Australian Red Cross staff also provided assistance to captured and wounded enemy soldiers being treated in military hospitals.
Providing weekly food parcels, clothing, medical and other supplies to Australian Prisoners-of-war was one of the main tasks of Australian Red Cross. For hundreds, if not thousands, the Red Cross parcels meant survival. Many POWs in Germany, Italy and other European countries received regular Red Cross deliveries. The Japanese Government refused to permit the dispatch of food parcels, medical supplies and clothing to POWs in the Far East, however.
The scope of relief activities undertaken by Australian Red Cross during World War II was enormous. In 1945 Australian Red Cross chartered the Admiral Chase to ship supplies to Europe.
The Red Cross Tracing and Message Service was one of the busiest services during World War II. Prisoners of War have a right to communicate with their families under the Geneva Conventions, and during 1943 alone some 230,000 letters were distributed to POW camps in Malaya, Java, Shanghai, Hong Kong, China, Burma and Japan.
Australian Red Cross carried out a vast range of other relief operations throughout the war. In Egypt a surgical unit was established, and in Papua New Guinea an army hospital was set up in Torokina.
The busiest time for the Transport Service was in 1945, when volunteer drivers met thousands of wounded servicemen and returning prisoners of war.
In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the Australian Red Cross became active in providing emergency and development relief assistance to many countries. The need in many parts of the world was enormous. Disasters in Greece, Malaysia, Korea, Papua New Guinea, Pakistan and Japan were also assisted.
After the 1950s, Australian Red Cross continued to expand its domestic and overseas humanitarian operations. During the Korean War, it provided services to Australian troops with volunteers visiting hospitals, facilitating correspondence with families at home and organizing help for released POWs. Provision of emergency relief assistance in disasters and conflicts, implementation of development programs and deployment of professional delegates all became standard activities of Australian Red Cross.
The National Office of Australian Red Cross Society is today based in Melbourne. State and Territory Offices are located in each capital city and are responsible for membership, fundraising and the provision of local services and programs.
Over 60 community services are provided in Australia, including Disaster and Community Services (such as Meals on Wheels), Tracing and Refugee Services, First Aid, Health and Safety Services and the Australian Red Cross Blood Service. Overseas, Australian Red Cross provides other development and emergency programs. At any given time, more than 50 medical and relief field staff bring assistance and relief to victims in war zones around the world.
Australian Red Cross website _URL_
(showing 1 - 7) 7 items
Australia Victoria Tennis Prize Medal c. 1940 (AD) Mint: K.G.Luke Other Details: This medal, issued by the Red Cross Society, reflects the use of sport as a fund-raising activity in Mel...Images: 2
Lined sheet of note paper listing the items made for, or sent as gifts to, soldiers during World War I by a Mrs J. Davis. She lists grey and brown slippers, face washers, linen and 'old...Images: 1
Letter on lined note paper from a wounded infantryman during World War I, addressed to a Mrs James Davis. According to the letter the soldier was wounded by a German machine gun, resul...Images: 1
Hand-written letter on stationery from the Australian Branch of the British Red Cross Society, written by Driver E. D. Ross to Mrs J. Davis during World War I. The letter was written b...Images: 1
Hand-written letter on stationary from the Presbyterian Soldiers' Institute, written by Private Donald Patience to Mrs Davis during World War I. The letter was written by Private (late...Images: 1
Australia Victoria Tennis Prize Medal c. 1940 (AD) Mint: K.G.Luke Other Details: This medal, issued by the Red Cross Society, reflects the use of sport as a fund-raising activity in Me...From: Melbourne, Australia Images: 2
Australia ANZAC Rememberance 1914 - 1918 Artist Dora Ohlfsen 1918 (AD) Mint: not recorded Other Details: This medal was produced and sold to raise funds for of Australians and New Zeal...Images: 4


text:
English Language Department
Our priority at the Hellenic-American Educational Foundation is for all Athens College students to acquire a strong command of English. Starting in the bilingual Kindergarten and throughout all the other grades, we aim to provide students with a meaningful experience in the English language. By observing, researching, communicating and experimenting, they cultivate language skills.
Our students are introduced to English in a supportive environment, encouraged by teamwork and interaction with other classmates. This helps them gain confidence in using a foreign language.
In the English Language Department, we carefully design the curriculum to suit the age and language level of all students. We ensure that it promotes understanding, critical thinking, and communication skills that are in line with the International Baccalaureate's methodology.
In order to maximize their experience with the English language, students can participate in a series of extracurricular activities that are carried out in English, such clubs, Forensics and school publications.
Head of Elementary: Fani Kafetzopoulou
Coordinator of Creative Activities 1st-2nd Grade: Vassilis Karastasthis
Head of Junior High School: Konstantina Ioannou
Head of High School: Penny Basiakou
Head of Elementary: Judy Nelson
Coordinator of Creative Activities 1st-2nd Grade: Eleni Marinopoulou
Head of Junior High School: Anastasia-Louiza Pelekanou
Head of High School: Elisavet Laskari
Coordinator: Maria-Erι Phoka

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Of New Testament origin: from a post-classical Latin personal name, a feminine diminutive of the Roman family name Priscus 'ancient'. Priscilla was the name of a woman with whom St Paul stayed at Corinth (Acts 18:3), referred to elsewhere as Prisca. The name was in regular use in the late 16th century and enjoyed a modest vogue in the 19th century.
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic): occupational name for a tiler, from an agent derivative of Middle High German ziegel 'roof tile' (Old High German ziagal, from Latin tegula), German Ziegel. In the Middle Ages the term came to denote bricks as well as tiles, and so in some cases the term may have denoted a brickmaker or bricklayer rather than a tiler.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Home » Business
Pursue Repeated Breakthroughs in the Same Area for the Fastest Improvements
Dec 23, 2007
Want to zoom ahead faster than anyone? Breakthrough management practices can provide the answer. Develop that skill and repeatedly apply it to the same performance area, and you'll be flying ahead with improvements at breakneck speed.
Here's an example. An insurance company wanted to speed its time to process claims and cut its costs. The head of information technology was delighted when she improved performance by 20 times with the same time, effort, resources, and costs. Just a few months later, she reviewed her breakthrough solution and realized she could again improve performance by another 20 times with a solution she had never considered before. Her company went from losing money and market share to gaining industry leadership and high profits.
To accomplish 20 times as much with the same time, effort, resources, and cost, you need to learn and continually use all eight steps of the breakthrough solution process in the correct order.
The steps are listed here:
1. Understand the importance of measuring performance.
2. Decide what to measure.
3. Identify the future best practice and measure it.
4. Implement beyond the future best practice.
5. Identify the ideal best practice.
6. Pursue the ideal best practice.
7. Select the right people and provide the right motivation.
8. Repeat the first seven steps.
"Practice makes perfect." We learned to walk by taking more and more tottering steps before we fell. We learned to write by copying each letter many, many times. Doing is the best way to learn. Imagine trying to read a book to learn how to ride a two-wheeled bicycle.
Achieving 20 times progress also requires repetition. When you reexamine the same process and improvement opportunity, you will uncover new and better ideas with each repetition of the first seven steps of the eight-step breakthrough solution process.
The gains from such repetitions can be staggering because they usually multiply onto a higher performance base. Here's an example. Imagine that you just created a way to expand revenues by 20 times from the current level. On the next reexamination of that opportunity, you might find a way to increase revenues by an additional 200 percent from the 20 times improved base. That seemingly more modest increase would be equal to double the entire gain from the first breakthrough solution!
Many times, reexamination leads to larger absolute gains during the repetition than during the initial examination. Naturally, when a breakthrough solution is reached on top of the first breakthrough solution, you've turned a 20 times gain into a 400 times gain. Think of the opportunity to reexamine such an area for a third time.
If you have wisely chosen to work on your highest potential opportunity, this upside potential shouldn't surprise you. It's also unlikely that any other opportunity will be as large as reexamining what you just finished.
When people first create and implement a breakthrough solution, most will opt not to reexamine the same area for at least five years. That's a big mistake! In most cases, you can start reexamining the opportunities right away and come up with big gains. By looking for more opportunities sooner, you'll build on the momentum of what you learned in the first iteration as well as deepen your understanding of the opportunity.
There are valuable, related benefits from such repetition. Each success will increase commitment to creating breakthrough solutions while geometrically expanding the resources available to pursue new solutions. With practice, the breakthrough solution process becomes easier, more productive, and faster.
At some point, creating breakthrough solutions will become part of your corporate culture. As a result, you'll have even more good habits to help performance when you're not working on breakthrough solutions. You'll also notice and start working on large opportunities sooner.
When the breakthrough solution process has been accepted into your organization's culture, you will benefit from having a powerful common language, thought process, and capability for improvement.
To accomplish this desirable result, your organization's leader must create an expectation that creating breakthrough solutions is the new standard of what must be accomplished. With that focus, the leader's words become thoughts throughout the organization. The thoughts become ideas. The ideas become actions. The actions become new habits. The new habits are reinforced and improved by experience and success. The new habits upgrade the culture. Repetition strengthens, deepens, and widens the impacts of each of these reinforcing mechanisms.
The main issue for you is reinforcing repetition of the eight-step process. Skip this step, and you will lose almost all of the potential benefit of using what you have learned in this book.
Here is your assignment:
1. Make everyone aware that the eight-step process will be repeated in the same area, again and again.
2. When the process is begun, set early dates to start repeating the process.
3. Set dates to begin the eight steps in other important management processes.
4. Set dates to begin repeating the eight steps in those other important management processes.
5. Add to your organizational ability to use the eight-step process through improved capabilities such as:
- More measurement capabilities to spot unperceived ways to improve
- Better ability to identify cause and effect
- Increased access to organizations with best practices you can use
- Faster learning from other organizations
- Improved forecasting of future process improvements
- Enhanced conceptualization of the ideal best practice
- Effective planning for more quickly approaching the ideal best practice with contained costs, while moving rapidly into new opportunities opened up by nearing the ideal best practice
Make a copy of this assignment and put it near your work telephone so that you will see the assignment every time you make or receive a call and be reminded to take these critical actions.
About the Author
_URL_.
Please Rate:
(Average: Not rated)
Views: 142
Print Email Share
Article Categories


Movies Quiz / Movies with Water-Driven Plots
Random Movies Quiz
Can you identify each of these movies where water serves as an important plot element, either as motivation for the plot at large or in a key role in a certain scene?
Quiz not verified by Sporcle
How to Play
Score 0/24 Timer 09:00
1939The plucky Midwestern heroine of this classic film sends her main enemy to a watery end after previously having crushed her sister to death.
1962In this movie, the protagonist's guide is killed by his future ally Sherif Ali for drinking from a desert well without permission (following Ali's notably cinematic approach from across the sands).
1964The events of this dark comedy are set into motion by Air Force Brigadier General Jack D. Ripper, who believes that the Soviets have been using fluoridation of the water supply to taint the 'precious bodily fluids' of Americans.
1972The tagline of this film, whose plot is driven by the aftermath of a rogue wave, was 'Hell, upside down'.
1974In this classic neo-noir film, private investigator Jake Gittes uncovers a dark web of conspiracy founded on the manipulation of the water supply of Los Angeles.
1976In this sci-fi film, the alien Thomas Jerome Newton (famously played by David Bowie) comes to Earth on a mission to bring water back to his drought-stricken home planet.
1986This French film and its closely linked sequel (either is accepted) tell the multi-generational story of intrigue over control of a spring whose water allows crops to flourish in the dry Provençal climate. Gérard Depardieu plays the role of the hunchbacked titular character, with Daniel Auteuil and Yves Montand as his nemeses.
1988This Luc Besson film, which was a major blockbuster in France, concerns the rivalry between two competitive free divers (played by Jean Reno and Jean-Marc Barr) who push themselves to the limit in reaching great depths.
1988This Robert Redford-directed film, named after a fictional agrarian conflict in a New Mexico town, pits a Hispanic farming community against resort developers. The illegal diversion of water to irrigate a farmer's bean field is seen as an act of defiance.
1993Ripples in a glass of water herald the arrival of a major antagonist in this film (and water from a similar glass is used to illustrate chaos theory).
1995The protagonist of this film, known as The Mariner, sails around in a trimaran collecting dirt from the ocean floor - a rare commodity due to the rise in water levels.
1996In this sports movie, the outmatched underdogs are inspired to greater performance with a special drink known as 'Michael's Secret Stuff' which is actually (spoiler alert!) water. There's not quite enough to go around for Wayne Knight's character, though.
1997The pivotal scene of this movie which features actor Billy Zane (among others) involves a ship taking on more water than its design constraints will safely allow.
1998In this movie, lovable Cajun scamp Bobby Boucher, who was told his father died of dehydration in the Sahara, helps the South Central Louisiana State Mud Dogs get clean water instead of the filthy water they had been drinking before.
2000This movie is based on the true story of the fight to hold Pacific Gas & Electric accountable for tainting the groundwater of Hinkley, California with hexavalent chromium.
2000The action of this film, set in Mississippi during the Depression, is motivated by the fact that the valley where a stolen treasure is said to be hidden is about to be flooded as part of a hydroelectric project.
2000In this movie, a fishing crew based out of Gloucester, Massachusetts battles the waves and rain in the hopes of a great catch.
2002In this movie, an alien invasion is thwarted due to the fortunate fact that the alien species is vulnerable to water (and to a lesser extent, baseball bats).
2002The evil plot in this movie, a Jackie Chan comedy-action vehicle in which donning a certain piece of menswear gives him special powers, is to poison the world's water supply and force people to drink the villain's bottled water.
2004In this movie, a change in the Gulf Stream current unleashes a tidal wave on Manhattan, as well as a wave of cold that instantly freezes anything it encounters.
2005In this major franchise reboot, villain Dr. Jonathan Crane laces the city's drinking water with a drug that causes terrifying hallucinations - though the water will need to be vaporized for it to take effect.
2008In this spy franchise movie, the goal of villain Dominic Greene (who is posing as an altruistic environmentalist) is to gain control of the water supply of Bolivia.
2010The protagonist of this post-apocalyptic film is looking for a source of water when he comes to a ramshackle town run by a man named Carnegie. Conflict ensues over the protagonist's most valuable possession - a copy of the Bible.
2011Starring Johnny Depp as an animated chameleon who comes to a town populated by other desert animals, this film's plot centers on the discovery of a conspiracy involving the water supply that is an homage to this quiz's 1974 film.
You're not logged in!
Compare scores with friends on all Sporcle quizzes.
Sign Up with Email
Log In
You Might Also Like...
Show Comments
Your Account Isn't Verified!


text:
Researchers at the University of Maryland's Department of Aerospace Engineering designed unmanned aerial vehicles with the aerodynamic properties of maple seeds. The team then started a company and is selling the product:
X-Naves has produced new prototype vehicles of an entirely different flight configuration, which have demonstrated the capability to carry a payload two times their weight or ten times the amount of their counterparts for longer durations. The prototypes have utilized an understanding of the aerodynamics of a falling maple seed to create a vehicle both naturally stable and extremely efficient. An inventor and founder of X-Naves has patented and built approximately one hundred working prototypes.
Link (warning: sound when you click on an internal link) via Make


January 22, 2021 BY ivf 98829 Views
Why female fertility specialists are a better choice than male gynecologists?
Almost all women want their check up to be done by female gynecologists. It is because one feels more comfortable when he or she is diagnosed with a doctor of the same sex. That is the reason why an IVF Centre in Punjab takes into consideration the aspect of getting the patient treated with a doctor of the same sex. But when it comes to male infertility, even male candidates sometimes prefer undergoing check-up from female candidates. It is because of the tender nature of females that patients want to get treated from them.
Subsequent are the major points of why patients prefer going to female fertility specialists.
 - Comfort Zone
It is like females that they feel more comfortable deliberating about their reproductive health to another woman. This is because the session with the gynecologists does not only involve the dialogue about the problem. It may take place that the gynecologists or obstetricians may need to physically or manually examine your reproductive parts. The females are generally uncomfortable in exposing their intimate parts to a male gynecologist or obstetrician.
The deliberation session also includes the dialogue bout sex and sex-positions. The female may feel shy or embarrassed while discussing so. Consequently, she will not be able to deliver the required information to the doctor
 - Understanding Level
It is quite obvious being a female, a female gynecologist will be able to address the problem of female patients by understanding its impact on the physical as well as the mental health of the woman. Once in a while, it takes place that the female is not able to tell the problem in a precise way. If a female gynecologist is inspecting that patient then she would be able to guess the problem because of the same-sex understanding characteristic. Moreover, it is relevant to mention here that no matter the patient is taking consultation from a same-sex doctor or an opposite-sex doctor, it takes at least 2 to 3 visits for the patient to open completely and build up an understanding level.
What are the main factors which make one consider that choice of a female gynecologist for reproductive problems is the best?
 - Refer to specialists
Once in a while, patients do consider this fact while choosing a gynecologist. Patients are likely to pick the choice of female gynecologists because they tend to refer the case of the patient to a specialized doctor as compared to the male gynecologist.
 - Miscarriage and Abortion
Female doctors are more likely to handle the cases of miscarriages and abortion with tenderness. These are the most critical times in the lives of women. It's quite obvious that female candidates are more likely to be better handled by female specialists.
 - Prescription of Medications
Female fertility experts tend not to prescribe the medication at the early stage than male gynecologists.
Final Thoughts
Not every time, a woman feels comfortable with the female specialist. Once in a while, it happens that female patients feel more comfortable with a particular male fertility specialist.


text:
($= variable) is defined, this template is used for expansion, instead of the one specified for an entry being queried. Inside the base template, $= construct is substituted with the text given for individual entries. In order to stop usage of base template $= for a single record, start it with = (which will be omitted from the resulting TXT value). For example,
$0 See _URL_ ($) for details 127.0.0.2 r123 127.0.0.3 127.0.0.4 =See other blocklists for details about $produces the following TXT records:
See _URL_ (127.0.0.2) for details See _URL_ (127.0.0.3) for details See other blocklists for details about 127.0.0.4
This is not a real dataset, while the syntax and usage is the same as with other datasets. Instead of defining which records exists in a given zone and which does not, acl dataset specifies which client hosts (peers) are allowed to query the given zone. The dataset specifies a set of IPv4 address ranges (currently, IPv6 addresses are not supported) in a form of CIDRs (with the syntax exactly the same as understood by ip4trie dataset), together with action specifiers. When a query is made from an IP address listed (not for the IP address), specified action changes rules used to construct the reply. Possible actions and their meanings are:
Only one ACL dataset can be specified for a given zone, and each zone
must have at least one non-acl dataset. It is also possible to specify
one global ACL dataset, by specifying empty zone name (which is not allowed
for other dataset types), like
rbldnsd... :acl:filename...
For this dataset type, only a few $-style specials are recognized. In particular, $SOA and $NS keywords are not allowed. When rbldnsd performs $ substitution in the TXT template returned from ACL dataset, it will use client IP address to substitute for a single $ character, instead of the IP address or domain name found in the original query.
Rbldnsd handles the following signals:
Some unsorted usage notes follows.
When creating a data file for rbldnsd (and for anything else, it is a general advise), it is a good idea to create the data in temporary file and rename the temp file when all is done. Never try to write to the main file directly, it is possible that at the same time, rbldnsd will try to read it and will get incomplete data as the result. The same applies to copying data using cp(1) utility and similar (including scp(1)), that performs copying over existing data. Even if you're sure noone is reading the data while you're copying or generating it, imagine what will happen if you will not be able to complete the process for whatever reason (interrupt, filesystem full, endless number of other reasons...). In most cases is better to keep older but correct data instead of leaving incomplete/corrupt data in place.
scp remote:data target.tmp && mv target.tmp targetWrong:
scp remote:data targetRight:
./generate.pl > target.tmp && mv target.tmp targetWrong:
./generate.pl > target
From this point of view, rsync(1) command seems to be safe, as it always creates temporary file and renames it to the destination only when all is ok (but note the --partial option, which is good for downloading something but may be wrong to transfer data files -- usually you don't want partial files to be loaded). In contrast, scp(1) command is not safe, as it performs direct copying. You may still use scp(1) in a safe manner, as shown in the example above.
Also try to eliminate a case when two (or more) processes performs data copying/generation at the same time to the same destination. When your data is generated by a cron job, use file locking (create separate lock file (which should never be removed) and flock/fcntl it in exclusive mode without waiting, exiting if lock fails) before attempting to do other file manipulation.
All keys specified in dataset files are always relative to the zone base DN. In contrast, all the values (NS and SOA records, MX records in generic dataset) are absolute. This is different from BIND behaviour, where trailing dot indicates whenever this is an absolute or relative DN. Trailing dots in domain names are ignored by rbldnsd.
Several zones may be served by rbldnsd, every zone may consist of several datasets. There are numerous ways to combine several data files into several zones. For example, suppose you have a list of dialup ranges in file named 'dialups', and a list of spammer's ip addresses in file named 'spammers', and want to serve 3 zones with rbldnsd: dialups.bl.ex.com, spam.bl.ex.com and bl.ex.com which is a combination of the two. There are two ways to do this:
rbldnsd options... \ dialups.bl.ex.com:ip4set:dialups \ spam.bl.ex.com:ip4set:spammers \ bl.ex.com:ip4set:dialups,spammers
rbldnsd options... \ dialups.bl.ex.com:ip4set:dialups \ spam.bl.ex.com:ip4set:spammers \ bl.ex.com:ip4set:dialups \ bl.ex.com:ip4set:spammers
(note you should specify combined bl.ex.com zone after all its subzones in a command line, or else subzones will not be consulted at all).
In the first form, there will be 3 independent data sets, and every record will be stored 2 times in memory, but only one search in internal data structures will be needed to resolve queries for aggregate bl.ex.com. In second form, there will be only 2 data sets, every record will be stored only once (both datasets will be reused), but 2 searches will be performed by rbldnsd to answer queries against aggregate zone (but difference in speed is almost unnoticeable). Note that when aggregating several data files into one dataset, an exclusion entry in one file becomes exclusion entry in the whole dataset (which may be a problem when aggregating dialups, where exclusions are common, with open relays/proxies, where exclusions are rare if at all used).
Similar effect may be achieved by using combined dataset type, sometimes more easily. combined dataset results in every nested dataset to be used independantly, like in second form above.
combined dataset requires rbldnsd to be the authoritative nameserver for the whole base zone. Most important, one may specify SOA and NS records for the base zone only. So, some DNSBLs which does not use a common subzone for the data, cannot use this dataset. An example being DSBL.org DNSBL, where each of list.dsbl.org, multihop.dsbl.org and unconfirmed.dsbl.org zones are separate, independant zones with different set of nameservers. But for DSBL.org, where each dataset is really independant and used only once (there's no (sub)zone that is as a combinations of other zones), combined dataset isn't necessary. In contrast, SORBS.net zones, where several subzones used and main zone is a combination of several subzones, combined dataset is a way to go.
When you have several nameservers for your zone, set them all in a similar way. Namely, if one is set up using combined dataset, all the rest should be too, or else DNS meta-data will be broken. This is because metadata (SOA and NS) records returned by nameservers using combined and other datasets will have different origin. With combined dataset, rbldnsd return NS and SOA records for the base zone, not for any subzone defined inside the dataset. Given the above example with dialups.bl.ex.com, spammers.bl.ex.com and aggregate bl.ex.com zones, and two nameservers, first is set up in any ways described above (using individual datasets for every of the 3 zones), and second is set up for the whole bl.ex.com zone using combined dataset. In this case, for queries against dialups.bl.ex.com, first nameserver will return NS records like
dialups.bl.ex.com. IN NS a.ns.ex.com.while second will always use base zone, and NS records will look like
bl.ex.com. IN NS a.ns.ex.com.All authoritative nameservers for a zone must have consistent metadata records. The only way to achieve this is to use similar configuration (combined or not) on all nameservers. Have this in mind when using other software for a nameserver.
generic dataset type is very rudimentary. It's purpose is to complement all the other type to form complete nameserver that may answer to A, TXT and MX queries. This is useful mostly to define A records for HTTP access (relays.bl.example.com A, _URL_ A just in case), and maybe descriptive texts as a TXT record.
Since rbldnsd only searches one, most closely matching (sub)zone for every request, one cannot specify a single e.g. generic dataset in form
proxies TXT list of open proxies www.proxies A 127.0.0.8 relays TXT list of open relays www.relays A 127.0.0.9for several (sub)zones, each of which are represented as a zone too


text:
|begging the question|
| Definition -
The fallacy of proving something by using a premiss that is itself in as much need of proof as the conclusion.
1. The term is often used to mean "evading the question" — i.e. not giving the required answer. Many prescriptivists think that using the term to meani this is a solecism.
Democracy is the best form of government because the majority is always right.
Oxford English Dictionary - The term's first citation is from 1887:
"The argument in a circle is the most important case of the fallacy called Petitio Principii (or, as it is more properly called, Petitio Quæsiti, begging the question)."
(Fowler Deduct. Logic (ed. 9) viii. 145 )


text:
The Soul of a New Hand Tool
Hand levels are one of the standard tools in the kits of house builders, plumbers, and many other tradespeople. Until 1990, all levels were bubble-type spirit levels. But in that year, a California carpenter, Andy Butler, and some Silicon Valley engineers patented a new level that depended on high-tech electronics to show digitally the precise angle of the surface being checked.
The "SmartLevel," as the new tool was named, found a market among users of traditional levels who needed precise degree measurements. Butler and his colleagues, more interested in developing a new idea than amassing a fortune, sold the SmartLevel line and moved onto new projects.
In 1995, the Lemelson Center supported oral history interviews with Andy Butler and other key individuals involved with the development, manufacture, and marketing of this new generation of digital hand tool. Additional interviews with SmartLevel principles outside California are forthcoming. At the conclusion of the project, the interviews, an archive of original documents, drawings, photographs, and other records, several generations of SmartLevels, hardware store display elements, and sales training videotapes will be preserved in the Archives Center of the National Museum of American History.
For more information on this collection, email the Archives Center.
Originally published in Fall 1995.


text:
B. Culture and Experimentation
Helping to optimize your culture and experimentation processes
Cell Culture and experimentation often involves complex techniques and protocols encompassing large numbers of samples. Transferring minute volumes of cell samples, reagents and proteins from flasks to micro centrifuge tubes or microplates is a labor intensive task that demands absolute precision. Throughout this stage, care must be maintained to keep cell lines healthy and contaminant free.


You are here: Online Education » Career Guides » Aviation and Travel Careers
Aviation and Travel Careers
Aviation and Travel CareersHundreds of thousands of flights are made each year in just one airline. With the travel demands from businessmen, entertainers and common individuals through an air carrier, airlines would always have the need for skilled and efficient aviation and travel experts. Aside from being a pilot or aviator, aviation and travel field also calls for individuals who have knowledge on the other aspects of the field like travel agents and tour guides. Check out the possible career path you may take and the best in the field youâ€™ve taken. Aviation and travel have always been fun and motivating so if you wish to be a part of it, do so.
Aviation is a very rewarding career. It takes real courage, skill and passion to be a very efficient and dedicated aviator. Airlines and pilots are obviously inseparable. Without the pilots, planes would could not in operation.
Being a pilot is both financially and professionally rewarding. No matter how fulfilling it is though, not a lot are too willing to take this career course due to the demands of the job. This calls for personal commitment and self-sacrifice but for a person with big dreams, a piloting career is the perfect 'calling' for him.
Airline pilot's task and responsibilities include the following:
 - ensures that the safety systems are working perfectly.
 - ensures that all the route, weather, aircraft and passenger information are correct and accurate.
 - does a regular checking on the aircraft's technical condition to ensure a safe flight
 - updates the aircraft logbook and makes a report about the flight for some incidents or problems that took place.
These are just actually a few of the many responsibilities of an airline pilot. If you think that these responsibilities are easy for you to take, well then a career is already waiting for you.
While airline pilots usually carries a passengers to a certain destination, commercial pilots usually do the more technical side of piloting. They could be sent on rescue search missions, law enforcement jobs, fire fighting and traffic monitoring. Theses are just actually a few of the possible jobs a commercial pilot does. Commercial pilots are handed a prepared flight plan with a weather forecast briefing. Things should be analyzed before they do a take off.
Aviation is fun and fulfilling but calls for excellent abilities and skills like:
 - possessing the ability to take leadership roles
 - ability to follow directions
 - ability in a sound decision-making
 - excellent knowledge in the use of navigation devices like maps, compass and GPS
Being a travel agent is also a good career to take. There are some courses or trainings a person could take to be a certified travel agent. Being affiliated with travel agencies and airlines would be an advantage for a travel agent. As the name implies, a travel agent plans for a trip which includes accommodation and transportation. Part of the job also includes determining the destinations, travel dates and cost of the travel.
One should be well-rounded but does not need to have travelled a lot though that could be another advantage so you would have first hand experience and information about where would be a good place to go and why would it be a perfect place for travel.
Whatever career path you wanted to take, just keep in mind that having the full knowledge and skill in the field you've taken would make you the best in your expertise.


text:
VisualSVN set-up guide
Installing the VisualSVN server
STEP 1: Download the standard edition of VisualSVN server from _URL_ Its free and it is supported by articy:draft
STEP 2: Install it on any Windows PC that can be reached from all computers running articy:draft. We recommend the same machine that also runs the articy:server.
STEP 3: Choose VisualSVN Server and Management Console 1
STEP 4: Choose a server port and write it down. You need this port number later when creating or importing an articy:draft project. If the port is already in use by another program or service, just pick another one from the drop down list.
STEP 5: Select a proper path for Repositories 1. This is the location where the data files are stored. It should be on a local drive of the machine. Do not use mapped or network drives!
STEP 6: Choose Use Windows authentication 2
Step 21 deals with how to handle Subversion authentication.
STEP 7: Open the VisualSVN Server Manager
STEP 8: Copy the Server URL of the VisualSVN Server into the clipboard or write the URL down. In the screenshot below the highlighted server URL is _URL_ 1. You need this URL later when creating or importing an articy:draft project.
STEP 9: Create a new repository by right-clicking Repositories 2 in the tree view on the left hand side and choose Create New Repository. A dialog box asks for a pository name. Choose any name (e.g. ArticyProjects). You also need this repository name for creating/importing projects so write it down too!
Create a new articy multi-user project
STEP 10: Start articy:draft
STEP 11: Connect to articy:server
STEP 12: Login with your articy user credentials as they were created by the articy:server admin
STEP 13: Click button Create new project on the bottom of the projects list
STEP 14: Switch to the Source control page of the create new project assistant.
STEP 15: Change source control type from Perforce provider 1 to Subversion 1.6/1.7
STEP 16: Enter https://MyServerURL:MyPort/svn/MyRepositoryName in the field Repository-URL (internal) 2
- "MyServerURL" is the server name you copied in step 8
- "MyPort" is the port number you copied in step 4
- "MyRepositoryName" is the name you have entered in step 9
STEP 17: In this example the full repository URL is _URL_
STEP 18: Enter any name in the field Repository-path 3. While you are free to choose any name, it makes sense to use the same name as the articy project itself for a better allocation. In this example the name choosen is MyProject.
STEP 19: Fill-out the remaining project details and click the Finish button 4.
STEP 20: Finally you are asked to authenticate with the SVN server.
STEP 21: As you have chosen Use Windows authentication in step 6, this is the same user account you use when starting Windows. Enter your username and password and confirm. If Windows authentication is not working for some reasons, you might want to change the authentication type of VisualSVN to Subversion authentication.
In order to do this,
- Open the VisualSVN Server Manager like shown in step 7
- Click on the link Configure authentication options... in the right side of the VisualSVN Server Manager window
- Switch to Use Subversion authentication 1 and confirm by pressing OK
- Click on the link Create new user... and fill out user name and password. Confirm by pressing OK
- Now you are able to use this SVN user account in step 20
STEP 22: The project is created and automatically stored into the VisualSVN repository.


text:
Auditing Special Purpose Frameworks - Part 8: Stock-based Comp, Business Combinations, and More
Continuing to lay a foundation for developing audit strategies and audit plans, this article presents more comparisons of significant requirements in US GAAP and the AICPA's Financial Reporting Framework for Smalland Medium-Sized Entities (FRF for SMEs).
- Stock-based Compensation Plans
- Consolidation and Subsidiaries
- Business Combinations
- Push-Down Accounting
- A fair value accounting method when it can be reasonably determined.
- Calculated value method if it can be reasonably estimated.
- Intrinsic value method when neither of these methods can be used.
- The terms of awards under the plan.
- Vesting requirements.
- The maximum terms of options granted.
- Separate disclosures for multiple plans.
General disclosures include:
- Consolidation policy.
- When consolidated, the names of all subsidiaries, income from each, and the percentage of ownership.
- Descriptions of the periods for subsidiaries' financial statements that don't coincide with the parent's reporting date, along with any significant events or transactions in the intervening periods.
- When financial statements are not consolidated, method of accounting for its subsidiaries, descriptions, names, carrying amounts, income, and percentage of ownership for each.


Wayne Manor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Wayne Manor
Wayne Manor as it appears in Batman and the Outsiders vol. 2, #13 (Jan. 2009)
Art by Fernando Dagnino
Notable characters Bruce Wayne
Thomas Wayne
Martha Wayne
Alfred Pennyworth
Dick Grayson
Barbara Gordon
Jason Todd
Timothy Drake
Stephanie Brown
Damian Wayne
Publisher DC Comics
Haly's Circus
Publication information
Publisher DC Comics
First appearance Detective Comics
Created by Bob Kane, Bill Finger
In-story information
Type of business Mansion
Base(s) Gotham City
Owner(s) Bruce Wayne
Wayne Manor is a fictional American setting appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics and is the personal residence of Bruce Wayne, who is also Batman. The residence is typically depicted as a large mansion on grounds outside Gotham City, maintained by the Wayne family's butler, Alfred Pennyworth. While the earliest stories showed Bruce Wayne buying the house himself, by the 1950s at the latest, retroactive continuity had established that the manor had belonged to the Wayne family for several generations. It was without exception referred to in the 1960s TV series as "stately Wayne Manor."
In live-action films, English country house locations in Nottinghamshire, Hertfordshire, and Buckinghamshire, as well as Stevenson Taylor Hall in New York, have been used to depict the less urban setting of Wayne Manor.
Access to the Batcave[edit]
The manor grounds include an extensive subterranean cave system that Bruce Wayne discovered as a boy and later used as his base of operations, the Batcave. The method used to access it has varied across the different storylines in the comics, movies, and shows. In the comic books, it is typically accessible from a hidden door in Wayne Manor's study behind a non-functioning grandfather clock, which opens to a descending staircase when the hands on said clock are turned to 10:47, the time Thomas and Martha Wayne were killed.
The grounds also includes a large hill that was partially hollowed out for Batman's aerial vehicles, and there is also an underground river system that is large enough to accommodate docking space for the Batboat and has a large opening for said vehicle.
The Wayne Foundation Penthouse era[edit]
While these grounds are the regular home of Bruce Wayne, he temporarily vacated it in the stories from the late 1960s to the early 1980s, preferring to live in a penthouse apartment on top of the Wayne Foundation building in the city, which also included a secret sub-basement acting as a Batcave.
Wayne came to this decision when Dick Grayson went off to college, which led him to decide that the mansion was now impractical with only one resident and one servant. Furthermore, Wayne decided he wanted to be closer to his main field of operations in Gotham City than a home situated outside the main urban area would allow. However, by the early 1980s, Wayne came to reconsider that purpose and decided being somewhat less accessible to the public was more advantageous for his Batman activities after all and returned to Wayne Manor.
Following the events of Cataclysm[edit]
During the events of Batman: Cataclysm a massive earthquake struck Gotham City, the epicenter of which was less than a mile from Wayne Manor. The mansion was seriously damaged, as was the cave network beneath. The ground beneath the mansion shifted significantly, and actually revealed the Batcave below. The original Manor was damaged beyond repair, forcing Bruce Wayne to redesign the Manor along with the Batcave. The new Manor is a veritable fortress, a pastiche of Gothic architecture combined with features of castellated architecture. Solar panels are installed in the new Manor, providing environmentally-friendly electricity generation for the complex.[1] It also includes a heliport for commercial helicopters.[2]
Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne[edit]
In Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne it is revealed that Wayne Manor was designed by Nathan Van Derm for Darius Wayne, forming a stylized "W", although the additional gardens that existed at the time the manor was built add on to this symbol to create the image of a bat.
Batman Eternal/Arkham Manor[edit]
During Batman Eternal, Hush's machinations result in Wayne Enterprises being ruined and Bruce Wayne essentially bankrupt after the villain detonates various weapons caches Batman had concealed around Gotham.[3] As part of this bankruptcy, Wayne Manor is repossessed by the city and turned into the new Arkham Asylum following the destruction of the original,[4] but Bruce decides to accept this new status quo, reasoning that he can at least make sure that his enemies remain contained in the new manor given his intimate knowledge of its entrances and exits.[5]
Other versions[edit]
Vampire Batman[edit]
In Batman & Dracula: Red Rain, Wayne Manor is destroyed as part of a plan to destroy Dracula's vampire family, bombs exposing the interior of the Batcave to sunlight after Batman lured the vampires into the cave. Although the manor collapses into the cavern system after a second series of bombs are set offthus concealing Bruce Wayne's secret - Batman and Alfred relocate to a brownstone in the center of town, Batman residing in a mausoleum in the basement while Alfred prepares his equipment in the main house. Although Alfred and Gordon stake Batman at the conclusion of Batman: Bloodstorm after he succumbs to his vampire instincts and drinks the Joker, he is restored to life after Alfred removes the stake, subsequently relocating to the catacombs underneath the remains of Wayne Manor. The manor's remains are finally destroyed for good when Gordon, Alfred, Two-Face, Killer Croc, and Two-Face's gang plant bombs on the cave roof, exposing the interior to sunlight and ending Batman's reign of terror once and for all.
Kingdom Come[edit]
In Kingdom Come, the Manor was mostly destroyed by Two-Face and Bane after Batman's true identity was exposed; the Batcave, however, remained relatively untouched. By the end of the graphic novel, the Manor has been rebuilt as a hospital/hospice for Gulag battle victims.
Other media depiction[edit]
TV series[edit]
In the 1960s live action series, the exteriors were shot at 380 South San Rafael Avenue in Pasadena, California.[6][7] The interiors were shot at various soundstages. The primary passage to the Batcave from the manor was located in Bruce Wayne's study behind a bookshelf that retracted into the wall. The bookshelf was activated by a switch hidden in a bust of William Shakespeare. The bookshelf would disappear to reveal two labeled firepoles descending to the Batcave. Through an undisclosed mechanism, the poles allowed for Batman and Robin to go from their civilian garb to costume (the film based on the TV show shows a switch which initiates the change, though the process itself was never explained). The interiors and exterior of the Wayne Manor was also used in the original Mission: Impossible TV series episodes "Charity" and "The Visitors." It was used in 2016 for another superhero group as the residence of Hydra leader, Gideon Malick, in Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. on ABC.
Webb Institute's Stevenson Taylor Hall reprises its earlier film role as Wayne Manor in the pilot for the TV series Gotham.[8]
Live-action films[edit]
Knebworth House was used for the exterior of the 1989 Batman film
Stevenson Taylor Hall, Webb Institute in Glen Cove, New York was used as Wayne Manor in Batman Forever and Batman and Robin.
Mentmore Towers was used for exterior shots in Batman Begins.
Wollaton Hall was used as Wayne Manor in The Dark Knight Rises.
Lambert Hillyer serial[edit]
The 1943 Batman serial originated the use of a grandfather clock as a door to the bat cave (or "bats' cave" as it was called in the serial), a device which was then adopted by the comics. The austere bat cave featured only an ornate desk, on the wall behind which was projected the shape of a bat.
Spencer Gordon Bennet serial[edit]
1948's Batman and Robin serial showed little more of Wayne Manor than its predecessor did. It continued the use of the grandfather clock as a secret door to the bat cave, which boasted more accoutrements than in the 1943 serial, including a holding cell.
Tim Burton films[edit]
In 1989's Batman, Knebworth House, a Gothic Tudor mansion 28 miles (45 km) north of London was used for the exterior. The interior, however, is Hatfield House, Hertfordshire. The gaming room from the movie used the long gallery, and the marble hall was used for Wayne's "arsenal" with the two-way mirror. In Batman Returns (1992), an original scale model was used for the exteriors of Wayne Manor. In the sequel, the passageway to the Batcave is uncovered by turning on the lights of an ornament in a nearby aquarium and dropping through a false floor in an iron maiden, although Alfred does quip that he'll "take the stairs".
Joel Schumacher films[edit]
In Batman Forever (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997), Webb Institute in Glen Cove, New York was used for the exterior shots of Wayne Manor. In Batman Forever, Dick Grayson discovers an entrance to the Batcave concealed behind a silverware storage cupboard.
Christopher Nolan films[


text:
A Body Image Program for Girls
The Robert Crown Center has developed the innovative program Express Yourself! to help girls overcome concerns about their body image. The proactive approach teaches young girls how to adjust to changes in a positive way and feel good about their own bodies as they mature, despite the barrage of the media's unhealthy messages and role models. The program helps youth develop an individual positive sense of self and learn effective strategies to respond to peer and media pressures. Through this program, RCC is adding an affirming voice into the mix of input that young people receive regarding their bodies.
About Express Yourself! The program is facilitated by an RCC Health Educator to an audience of primarily sixth grade girls, but can be adapted to fifth or seventh grade. Express Yourself! is based upon Illinois State health learning standards, and address the topics of body image and self-esteem. RCC Educators engage students in discussion and creative activities to help construct a positive body image through the topics of healthy decision-making, media awareness, and self-expression. Express Yourself! also features a journal for girls to complete at home, either on their own or with family members or friends. Girls will receive the journal at the conclusion of the program.
Activities/skills acquired include:
- Through an interactive activity, students learn how the opinions of their peers may influence their decision making skills.
- Students identify how women are normally portrayed in the media and develop media literacy skills.
- Students develop skills to continually improve their self-esteem including adequate sleep, nutrition, and exercise.
- Students learn the benefits of positive thinking, respect (including self-respect), challenging themselves, goal setting, and positive self-expression.
What is body image and why is it so important? Body Image is a combination of a person's feelings and thoughts about their body. A healthy body image is critical to establishing good health. A poor self-image, lack of confidence, and social problems are precursors to many poor health habits; these habits include eating disorders, drug abuse, early sex, teenage pregnancy, alcohol, tobacco abuse, and violence.
Goals of Express Yourself!
- Students will learn the factors that influence body image and self-esteem.
- Students will learn how body image and self-esteem play an important role in developing critical thinking skills to positively navigate media messages and peer influences that may negatively impact their behavior, eating habits, self-esteem, and decision making.
- Students will develop tools and communication skills, including self-expression, that support positive feelings about who they are and build self-esteem.
Express Yourself! for Boys How strong? How athletic? Boys too, experience cultural pressures linked to body image. Express Yourself! serves as an effective follow-up class to the Michael and Linda puberty programs.
Express Yourself! can be presented as a one-time (one hour) program or in six after school sessions as an Express Yourself! Club. Register for Express Yourself!


icon icon icon
Modal verbs
The modal verbs include can, must, may, might, will, would, should. They are used with other verbs to express ability, obligation, possibility, and so on. Below is a list showing the most useful modals and their most common meanings:
Modal Meaning Example
can to express ability I can speak a little Russian.
can to request permission Can I open the window?
may to express possibility I may be home late.
may to request permission May I sit down, please?
must to express obligation I must go now.
must to express strong belief She must be over 90 years old.
should to give advice You should stop smoking.
would to request or offer Would you like a cup of tea?
would in if-sentences If I were you, I would say sorry.
Modal verbs are unlike other verbs. They do not change their form (spelling) and they have no infinitive or participle (past/present). The modals must and can need substitute verbs to express obligation or ability in the different tenses. Here are some examples:
Past simple Sorry I'm late. I had to finish my math test.
Present perfect She's had to return to Korea at short notice.
Future You'll have to work hard if you want to pass the exams.
Infinitive I don't want to have to go.
Past simple I couldn't/wasn't able to walk until I was 3 years old.
Present perfect I haven't been able to solve this problem. Can you help?
Future I'm not sure if I will be able to come to your party.
Infinitive I would love to be able to play the piano.
Modals are auxiliary verbs. They do not need an additional auxiliary in negatives or questions. For example: Must I come? (Do I must come?), or: He shouldn't smoke (He doesn't should smoke).
Important: The explanations and examples on this page are just an introduction to this extensive and complex area of English grammar. Students of English who want to learn more should consult a good reference work, such as Swan's Practical English Usage.
Do a quiz on modal verbs.


Javatpoint Logo
Javatpoint Logo
SSL Pinning in Swift
Every Mobile application needs to retrieve information from the server to display it to the user. However, there can be some sensitive information shared between the application and the Server, for example, the username and password of the user.
With iOS 9, Apple provided App Transport Security (ATS), which forces the application to maintain a secure network connection by adopting HTTPS protocol and Transport layer security. This makes the application not communicate with a non-secure (http) connection. However, it is possible to bypass App Transport Security by setting up man-in-the-middle attacks that may use self-signed certificates. In this article, we will discuss how we can implement SSL pinning in iOS applications to secure network connections. We will also cover the basics of Transport Layer Security and man-in-the-middle attacks.
Transport Layer Security
Apple provides us App Transport Security (ATS), which allows us to transmit data over a secure (HTTPS) network by implementing Transport Layer Security (TLS). It enables us for the data sharing over a secure network in the following three steps.
 1. The connection is initiated from the client by sending the payload, which includes the supported version of TLS and cipher suite, which is being used for encryption. The Server sends the selected cipher suites and a digital certificate in the response, which is verified at the client's end whether the digital certificate is authentic or not.
 2. If the digital certificate is verified successfully at the client's end, then it generates a pre-master key encrypted with the Server's public key included in the certificate. The Server uses its private key to decrypt the secret, which is used to generate a master key.
 3. The client and server use plaintext encryption and cipher text decryption by using the private key.
In this process, the client trusts the digital certificate provided by the Server. A certificate works as identity proof for the Server. A certificate is a text file that contains the Server's information and follows X.509 standard. It must be signed by the trusted certificate authority.
Man-In-The-Middle Attack
In a man-in-the-middle attack, the attacker sets up an SSL proxy server to intercept the data being sent by the client to Server. The SSL proxy performs the encryption and decryption between the client and the Server. For example, Charles, which is a proxy server, works between the app and the Server and intercept the data for testing purpose. Charles works in the following phases.
 1. The data is encrypted at the application's end using Charles ProxyCertificate's public key instead of using Server's public key.
 2. Charles decrypts all the data with its private key and communicates with the Server with Server's public key. Here, any developer can read the data which is being sent by the app to Server.
SSL Pinning
SSL Pinning is a technique used in swift to prevent man-in-middle attacks. In this process, the app validates the Server's certificate again after the SSL handshaking. There is a local copy of trustful certificates maintained at the client's end and compare them with the Server's certificates at runtime. The connection is aborted in case if a mismatch between Server's certificates and local copy occurs.
One disadvantage of this technique is, it requires an app update whenever the pinned certificate expires. However, we can also violate this by also pinning future certificates in the application. Instead of pinning the whole certificate, we can use the hashed public key, which will be the same across the future certificates.
SSL Pinning is performed in the following two steps.
 1. The certificate's digital signature is validated first. The app may use any of the embedded root certificates, or we can supply our certificate.
 2. We must test the certificate against the trust policy.
To implement SSL Pinning in the iOS application, we need to have a SecTrust object, which will be prepared with one or more certificates and policy objects. The SecCertificate object is provided by Apple to represent a X.509 certificate. We can retrieve the certificate from a bundle by using the following code.
As we now have a certificate, we can prepare a policy or use a standard basic policy for X.509 certificates. Consider the following code to prepare a policy.
We can also create our policy by calling SecPolicyCreateSSL(_:_: ), which accepts Server (bool) and hostname.
Apple provides SecTrust object to validate both certificates and policies. Implement the following code to validate certificates and policies.
We need to evaluate the SecTrust that we receive during a network call with the policies and compare the certificate with the pinned certificate.
Next TopicXCode 12 Features
Youtube For Videos Join Our Youtube Channel: Join Now
Help Others, Please Share
facebook twitter pinterest
Learn Latest Tutorials
Trending Technologies
B.Tech / MCA


text:
A family has six children. If this family has exactly two boys, how many different birth and gender orders are possible?
Answer to relevant QuestionsA family has eight children. If this family has exactly three boys, how many different birth and gender orders are possible? Suppose that a shipment of 120 electronic components contains 4 defective components. To determine whether the shipment should be accepted, a quality-control engineer randomly selects 4 of the components and tests them. If 1...Suppose that you have just received a shipment of 100 televisions. Although you don't know this, 6 are defective. To determine whether you will accept the shipment, you randomly select 5 televisions and test them. If all 5...Suppose that E and F are two events and P(E and F ) = 0.4 and P(E) = 0.9. Find P(F |E). In the game Text Twist, 6 letters are given and the player must form words of varying lengths using the letters provided. Suppose that the letters in a particular game are ENHSIC. (a) How many different arrangements are...
Post your question


Frequently Asked Questions
What is Art in Embassies
When and how did Art in Embassies begin?
The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) initiated exhibitions of contemporary art for U.S. embassy residences in 1953. Ten years later President John F. Kennedy established Art in Embassies as an office within the U.S. Department of State.
How does AIE fulfill the mission of the U.S. Department of State?
AIE advances cultural diplomacy through artist exchanges and the presentation of works by outstanding American and international artists to audiences around the world.
Who selects the works of art?
A staff of curators guides the selection process.
Where is the art exhibited?
The art is installed in the representational spaces of U.S. embassy residences, chanceries, consulates, and annexes around the world.
How many artists are featured in Art in Embassies exhibitions each year?
Over 2,000 artists participate every year. AIE engages hundreds of new partners each year for its exhibitions and collections.
What is an AIE exhibition?
AIE exhibitions are temporary and include contemporary and historic works of art on loan from artists, museums, dealers, corporate collections, private collectors, and other partners. The length of an exhibition corresponds to the Ambassador's term, approximately three years.
What is a permanent collection?
AIE permanent collections include art by both American and host country artists and are permanently installed in U.S. diplomatic facilities worldwide. Each collection serves as a bridge, celebrating the ties between American and local visual cultures. Collections consist of existing work and site-specific,commissions.
How do I participate in an exhibition?
Click on the following link to go to the official Art in Embassies Registry. Registry your work there and our curators will get back to you if you are selected to participate in an exhibition.
Shipping and Insurance Information
Art in Embassies (AIE) oversees all aspects of each project from negotiations and acquisitions through installation. AIE registrars are experts in the safe handling, packing, and shipment of fine art. They manage all exhibition logistics. Liaising worldwide with artists, collectors, museums, foundations, dealers, and professional fine art service companies, the registrars ensure that each work of art is safeguarded and insured from door to door.
AIE hires specialized fine art handlers to assemble, pack, crate, and safely ship works of art to and from our diplomatic facilities. Art in Embassies fully insures each shipment of art (door-to-door) and on location.
AIE complies with all shipping requirements from our lending partners. The terms of many loans, particularly those from museums, often include strict requirements pertaining to packing and crating, shipping, courier accompaniment, handling, placement, and light and humidity levels. Art in Embassies registrars ensure that lender requirements are upheld.
Registrars also make certain each work of art is fully documented and ready for shipment overseas. A typical exhibition requires a minimum of one month for consolidation, sometimes more if works are being collected from multiple locations throughout the United States.


text:
Moorish And Spanish Rugs
THE Arab conquerors of Spain, or the Moors as they are often called, are believed to have taught the Spaniards and Venetians the art of rug-weaving. The rugs now known as Moorish are made by the descendants of this race. Their leading color is yellow, and in style and quality they resemble the so-called Smyrna rug. Antique Moorish rugs are found in the cathedrals of Toledo and Seville. These are relics of the thirteenth century and have geometric designs.
Morocco rugs are Moorish. Those of modern manufacture are very inferior. The poorest aniline dyes are used, and it seems hardly possible that the splendid specimens of the fourteenth to the end of the seventeenth century were woven in Morocco. But the rugs in the Sultan's palace at Fez prove this fact, as does the splendid antique rug in the possession of Prince Schwarzenberg, at Vienna. Fez was formerly one of the chief seats of the rug industry, which is now limited mostly to Rabat. Unfortunately, aniline dyes are now largely used, and even the designs are less artistic than in former years. There is, however, a rug not known to the trade, and only rarely met with outside its home. It is the Tuareg rug, and is woven by the Berbers, a tribe occupying the desert south of Algeria and Tunis and known as Tuareg or Tawarek by the Arabs. The Tuaregs are great traders, and control the principal caravan routes. Their rugs are woven by the women, and seldom if ever leave the families which weave them. The most beautiful are used as shrouds, and are buried with their owners.
Tunis sends out a few rugs woven at Kairuan. They are thick, heavy, but inferior in many ways to rugs of Oriental workmanship.
Rabat rugs were often sold as Spanish, but they are quite different. As a rule they are rather coarse in texture. The colors, however, are generally Spanish and rather strong. Reds verging on magenta, and brilliant yellows and blues. A very fine old one I once owned was in rich blues and a moss-green. Arabesque designs were prominent, outlined in black.
In the Public Museum at Algiers antique rugs of this type hang on the walls.
( Originally Published Late 1900's )


text:
DEXTER - Dexter Regional High School received a Science and Math Improvement Grant from the Toshiba America Foundation in New York City in the amount of $10,000 for a project entitled "Portal Research Project". The project was created by Ms. Regina Herrick, the classroom teacher.
The mission of the Toshiba America Foundation is to contribute to the quality of science and mathematics education in U.S. communities by investing in projects designed by classroom teachers to improve instruction in their own classrooms.
Each year, Toshiba America Foundation selects 100 to 150 of the most interesting classroom projects in grades K-12 for grant recognition. Teachers from throughout the United States apply by submitting a project idea and lesson plan. Winners are selected based on the quality of the project idea and its potential for increasing student learning of some aspect of the regular K-12 science or math curriculum at their school.
Over the years, teachers and students have used the grants to make the classroom experience both exciting and instructive. Funded projects have included alternative energy experiments including solar cars and a bio-diesel school bus, studies in the science of sound and the creation of handmade musical instruments and a project to study and curtail local air pollution, just to name a few. K-12 science and math teachers in public and nonprofit schools are invited to apply.
For more information visit _URL_ or call _PHONE_.
|Back to News||Home||Print This Story|


Microfilm Scanning & Conversion: How It's Done and Why Do It
In the past microfilm was frequently used for saving valuable storage space. Today though, DMS and cloud storage systems are the most common, as the combination of dropping costs and growing sophistication continues to make managing information more time and cost-efficient.
Watch the video or read the transcript to learn more about different microfilm types, how they're used, how they compare to digital storage systems, and how the scanning and conversion process works in this video.
What Is Microfilm?
Microfilming involves creating images of documents to store on photographic film.
With a shelf life of several hundred years and the ability to keep a lot of information in a small place, microfilm provides a sustainable storage option.
Microfilm's Purpose
Microfilm compactly stores thousands of documents worth of data.Microfilm is used to store tiny micro-reproductions of document images via a film roll.
Storage capacities for microfilm range from 600 engineering drawings to 2,400 regular documents.
Because files are roughly 1/25 of their original size, microfilm was used in the past as a top way to save valuable storage space.
Other Microfilm Types
Besides microfilm, there are several types of microform, including microfiche and aperture cards.
Microfiche is used to store documents on a flat 105 x 145mm film sheet as opposed to a film roll.
Typically images are 10 x 14mm and are organized as a matrix of microimages on the sheet.
Aperture Cards
Aperture cards are hole-punched with a 35 mm microfilm chip mounted in the cut out space.
Because of their size a card can only hold a single microfilm image, making aperture cards only useful to archive unique files like engineering drawings.
Microfilm Scanning Process
 1. An optical scanner is used to capture the microfilm in its raw digital format
 2. The digital image is outputted in desired format (JPG, PDF, etc.)
 3. An automated optical character recognition (OCR) is applied for editing
 4. New digital files are integrated and indexed in an electronic DMS
 5. After extracting and converting files, mixed-media shredding is used to ensure the old physical copies are safely disposed and that you remain compliant with all data protection laws.
Modern Space-Saving Storage
Cloud Storage Systems are Cheap and EfficientToday document management system software (DMS) and cloud storage is often the more viable option because of the growing sophistication of its technology and the dropping costs.
Compared to microfilm, scanning offers several additional advantages, including:
 - It's faster and easier to retrieve and use documents in a DMS or cloud storage
 - The additional indexing and tagging options improve managing and organizing records
 - Replicating and distributing information is sped up since documents can be directly accessed and shared online unlike how microfilm first requires extracting and enlarging the information first
Need to Scan Microfilm?
To find microfilm scanning services and additional information to help with your conversion project, give Record Nations a call at _PHONE_, use the form on the page, or contact us directly using our live chat.
In just minutes, you'll receive free, no-obligation quotes on microfilm scanning and storage services in your area from qualified experts.


What's the name for the elision of a consonant between two vowels? Syncope is usually used for vowel elision (resulting in consonant clusters) but what about consonant elision? I couldn't find any term for it.
Syncope is actually a particular kind of rhythmically-governed vowel elision. There is no general word that refers to intervocalic consonant deletion. The closest you can get is "lenition", which often results in deletion, but is not restricted to "intervocalic", and it has other outcomes (such as /k/ → [g]).
 - Well then what about 'deletion'? – Mitch Oct 18 '16 at 20:38
 - 1
 Likewise, "deletion" can refer to any kind of segment, in any context. – user6726 Oct 18 '16 at 21:01
Your Answer


text:
adoption the UN's Bill of Rights by 18 months; and the first program in Canada to offer free hospital care to all citizens. Thanks to the postwar boom, the Douglas government also paid off the huge public debt left by the previous Liberal government and achieved a government surplus.
In 1958, newly elected Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, also from Saskatchewan, promised that any province seeking to introduce a hospital plan would receive fifty cents on the dollar from the federal government: this promise was renewed in 1959. The Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Bill was introduced in October 1961 and given Royal Assent in November, while Douglas went on to lead the newly formed New Democratic Party. Woodrow Lloyd became his successor as premier of Saskatchewan.
On May 1st, 1962, the Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Act was to be adopted, but the province's doctors went on strike and 90% closed their offices, forcing Lloyd to delay adoption of the act. The government brought in doctors from Britain, the United States and other provinces in order to staff community clinics set-up to meet demand for health services. The Act was passed July 1st, 1962. By mid-July some of the striking doctors returned to work. Lord Taylor, a British physician who had helped implement the National Health Service in the United Kingdom, was brought in as a mediator and the "Saskatoon Agreement" ending the strike was signed on July 23, 1962. As a result of the agreement, amendments to the Act were introduced allowing doctors to opt-out of Medicare and raising fee payments to doctors under the plan, as well as increasing the number of physicians sitting on the Medical Care Insurance Commission. By 1965, most doctors favoured the continuation of Medicare. The strike was a significant test for Medicare. Its failure allowed the program to continue and the Saskatchewan model was adopted throughout Canada within a decade. The political divisions within the province aggravated by the strike contributed to the Lloyd's government defeat in the 1964 provincial election. However, even though the Saskatchewan Liberal Party of Ross Thatcher had opposed the plan, Medicare was so popular that Thatcher's government left it in place.
The program's success led Diefenbaker to appoint Justice Emmett Hall, a noted jurist who also hailed from Saskatchewan, to chair a Royal Commission on Health Services in 1962. In 1964, Hall recommended the nationwide adoption of Saskatchwan's model of public insurance. The program was created in 1966 under Lester B. Pearson's minority government, with the NDP, who held the balance of seats, putting significant pressure on the Liberals. The federal government was to pay 50% and the provinces the rest. In 1984, the Canada Health Act was passed, prohibiting user fees and extra billing by doctors.
The moral dilemma
As Gladwell writes, the universal health care question is really quite simple: "Do you think that redistribution of risk is a good idea? Do you think that people whose genes predispose them to depression or cancer, or whose poverty complicates asthma or diabetes, or who get hit by a drunk driver, or who have to keep their mouths closed because their teeth are rotting ought to bear a greater share of the costs of their health care than those of us who are lucky enough to escape such misfortunes?"
As a Canadian whose parents (both registered nurses) immigrated to the country the year universal health care was introduced, I'm proud to say that we do not feel this way. Canadians, including Shirley Douglas, daughter of Tommy Douglas, have rallied to save our publicly-funded health care system throughout recessions and political changes. A 2009 poll by Nanos Research found 86.2% of Canadians surveyed supported or strongly supported "public solutions to make our public health care stronger." A 2009 Harris/Decima poll found 82% of Canadians preferred their healthcare system to the one in the United States, more than ten times as many as the 8% stating a preference for a US-style health care system for Canada. A Strategic Counsel survey in 2008 found 91% of Canadians preferring their healthcare system to that of the US. In the same poll, when asked "overall the Canadian health care system was performing very well, fairly well, not very well or not at all?" 70% of Canadians rated their system as working either "well" or "very well". Since the passage of the 1984 Canada Health Act, the Canadian Medical Association has been a strong advocate of a publicly-funded health care system, including lobbying the federal government to increase funding, and being a founding member of (and active participant in) the Health Action Lobby (HEAL), although some provincial medical associations would like to see a larger private role. Tommy Douglas was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame in 1998 and voted "Greatest Canadian" in a nationwide Canada Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) contest in 2004.
No one should die because they cannot afford health care, and no one should go bankrupt or lose their home because they get sick. Period.


Overview | Related MBeans | Attributes | Operations
These parameters control what should happen to messages when failures occur. They allow the adminstrator to control error destinations, logging and other actions that might be taken when a message can not be delivered or when other failures are detected
 - Deployer
Access Points You can access this MBean from the following MBean attributes:
Related MBeans
This section describes attributes that provide access to other MBeans. For more information about the MBean hierarchy, refer to WebLogic Server MBean Data Model.
 The name of the target error destination for messages that have expired or reached their redelivery limit. If no error destination is configured, then such messages are simply dropped. If a message has expired or reached its redelivery limit, and the Expiration Policy is set to Redirect, then the message is moved to the specified Error Destination.
 For standalone destinations, an error destination must be another standalone destination that is targeted to the same JMS server as the destinations for which the error destination is defined. For uniform distributed destinations (UDDs), the error destination must be a another UDD that shares the same subdeployment (i.e., targets) as the current UDD.
 This attribute is dynamically configurable, but only incoming messages are impacted; stored messages are not impacted.
 Privileges Read/Write
 Relationship type: Reference.
 This section describes the following attributes:
 The policy that defines what information about the message is logged when the Expiration Policy is set to Log. The valid logging policy values are:
 When specifying multiple values, enter them as a comma-separated list. The %header% and %properies% values are not case sensitive. For example, you could use "%header%,%properties%" for all the JMS header fields and user properties. However, the enumeration of individual JMS header fields and user-defined properties are case sensitive. To enumerate only individual JMS header fields you could use "%header, name, address, city, state, zip".
 Note: The JMSMessageID field is always logged and cannot be turned off. Therefore, if the Expiration Logging Policy is not defined (i.e., null) or is defined as an empty string, then the output to the log file contains only the JMSMessageID of the message.
 Deprecated. Replaced by MessageLoggingParamsBean
 Privileges Read/Write
 The message Expiration Policy to use when an expired message is encountered on a destination. The valid expiration policies are:
 None - Same as the Discard policy; expired messages are simply removed from the destination.
 Discard - Removes expired messages from the messaging system. The removal is not logged and the message is not redirected to another location. If no value is defined for a given destination (i.e., None), then expired messages are discarded.
 Log - Removes expired messages from the system and writes an entry to the server log file indicating that the messages have been removed from the system. The actual information that is logged is defined by the Expiration Logging Policy.
 Redirect - Moves expired messages from their current location to the Error Destination defined for the destination. The message retains its body, and all of its properties. The message also retains all of its header fields, but with the following exceptions:
 It is illegal to use the Redirect policy when there is no valid error destination defined for the destination. Similarly, it is illegal to remove the error destination for a destination that is using the Redirect policy.
 The Maximum Message quota is only enforced for sending new messages. It is ignored when moving messages because of the Redirect policy.
 Privileges Read/Write
 Default ValueDiscard
 Legal Values
 - Discard
 - Log
 - Redirect
 The number of redelivery tries a message can have before it is moved to the error destination. This setting overrides any redelivery limit set by the message sender. If the redelivery limit is configured, but no error destination is configured, then persistent and non-persistent messages are simply dropped (deleted) when they reach their redelivery limit.
 The default value (-1) specifies that the destination will not override the message sender's redelivery limit setting.
 Note: The number of times a message has been redelivered is not persisted. This means that after a restart, the number of delivery attempts on each message is reset to zero.
 This attribute is dynamically configurable, but only incoming messages are impacted; previously sent messages continue to use their original redelivery limit.
 Privileges Read/Write
 Default Value-1
 Minimum value-1
 Maximum value2147483647
 This section describes the following operations:
 This is used to find the sub-deployment-name for this destination.
 Operation Name"findSubDeploymentName"
 This is used to find the template bean for this destination
 Operation Name"getTemplateBean"
 Operation Name"isSet"
 ParametersObject [] { propertyName }
 - propertyName is an object of type java.lang.String that specifies:
 property to check
 SignatureString [] { "java.lang.String" }
 Returns boolean
 - java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
 IllegalArgumentException if propertyName is not a recognized property
 Restore the given property to its default value.
 Operation Name"unSet"
 ParametersObject [] { propertyName }
 - propertyName is an object of type java.lang.String that specifies:
 property to restore
 SignatureString [] { "java.lang.String" }
 Returns void
 - java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
 UnsupportedOperationException if called on a runtime implementation.


text:
Objectivity on the part of the media is considered a cornerstone of professional conduct. Basically, it means the media stays neutral when reporting an event. Its components include fairness, disinterestedness, factuality and nonpartisanship.
The principle of objectivity is criticized by advocacy journalists who feel this does a disservice to the public because the goal is not an attempt to find the truth, but instead to cover all sides of an issue. They also point out that objectivity ends up being relative in practice, that even choosing which events to report is an act of partisanship.
There are several common violations of objectivity by the media, including unbalanced reporting, disguising opinions as news, not putting issues in context, selectively omitting certain facts, drawing false conclusions, distorting facts and using misleading definitions.
Return to Journalism Encyclopedia.


text:
How to Prepare for SAT II: Japanese
I think a great test prep book should help students get familiar with what types of the test problems could be and the contents the test focuses on.
This book does a good job on helping students preparing on the format of the test, however, in terms of test contents, this book needs to be improved. It is reported by some students that the real test problems are much more challenging than the practice tests in this book. For example, in the reading comprehensions, this book provides short passages which have kanji with the easier hiragana on top; on the real SAT II: Japanese, however there is a lot of kanji and NO hiragana is provided.
However, this is the only book available in the market so far for SAT II: Japanese preparation. In order to achieve a better score, we recommend students to use this book get familiar with the test format.
We did some research on the web and summary as the following to help those who are interested in learning Japanese free.
Online free resources
NHK Learn Japanese Online with Video and Audio
This website has 10 online lessons.
This website has 10 basic Japanese lessons and 13 intermediate Japanese lessons.
This website provides English Japanese dictionary.
This website provides online lessons, flash card trainers and language reference.
Learn Japanese a Kanji a day has four study levels, and Japanese-English dictionary.
This website provides online video and audio Japanese lessons.
Free download at the Japan store including kanji and listening practice.
This website has Japanese online lessons and articles on Japanese culture.
Japanese Learning Tools on Web
Some free podcasts
Using Podcast to learn Japanese is very convenient, because you can take the podcasts with you anywhere you go.
Learn Japanese at JapanesePod101 with Free Daily Podcasts
Help Kids to Learn Japanese


text:
Telescopes and Pyramids
My name is Victoria Hutterer and I am currently working as a member of the Austrian Adaptive Optics Group in Industrial Mathematics at the Johannes Kepler University in Linz. My research is mainly concerned with wavefront reconstruction from pyramid wavefront sensor data in astronomical Adaptive Optics.
Due to diffraction of light and turbulences in the atmosphere, images of objects on the sky suffer from distortions when they are observed by earthbound telescopes.
Adaptive Optics (AO) is a technology that compensates for the rapidly changing optical perturbations arising during the imaging process and physically corrects for atmospheric blurring via deformable mirrors in real-time. The correction usually is split into two steps: First, the distorted wavefronts of a guide star, which is situated near the astronomical object one wants to observe, are measured by wavefront sensors. The obtained information is then used to calculate the actuator commands of the deformable mirror in order to optimally balance the aberrations by shaping the mirror appropriately. Unfortunately, the incoming light cannot be measured directly. Reconstruction of the unknown wavefront and further calculation of the optimal mirror deformations from given sensor measurements is an inverse problem which has to be solved within milliseconds.
The pyramid wavefront sensor:
One type of wavefront sensor nowadays in high demand for the generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) is the so called pyramid wavefront sensor. The Fourier optics based model of the sensor is complex and highly non-linear. My focus lies on a detailed mathematical analysis of the pyramid sensor model followed by the application of sophisticated methods from the field of inverse problems in order to perform fast and accurate wavefront reconstruction.
Figure: Sketch of a pyramid wavefront sensor. Source: The Optical Society


What Does It Mean If A Crow Attacks You?
Why do crows swoop at you?
As if magpies were not enough, crows are increasingly swooping passers by in efforts to protect their nests.
Australians know that spring time means they need to be wary of magpies attacks from above.
Swooping crows used to be very rare, but experts say they are becoming more and more common..
What is the meanest bird?
The cassowary is usually considered to be the world's most dangerous bird, at least where humans are concerned, although ostriches and emus can also be dangerous.Cassowary (Queensland, Australia). … A free ranging Southern Cassowary (Casuarius casuarius) at Etty Bay, north Queensland, Australia. … Cassowary.More items…
Do crows carry disease?
What is the myth about crows?
In Greek mythology, ravens are associated with Apollo, the god of prophecy. They are said to be a symbol of bad luck, and were the god's messengers in the mortal world. According to the mythological narration, Apollo sent a white raven, or crow in some versions to spy on his lover, Coronis.
Why would a bird attack me?
Can crows hurt you?
Could a crow actually hurt you? Crows are not really capable of violent attacks, they can't cut you up the way a hawk or an owl potentially could. All they're trying to do is make life unpleasant for you. They're defending space, they're defending food sources, they are defending their recently fledged young.
Do birds ever attack humans?
Bird attacks on humans are growing more common as people continue to encroach on bird nesting territory, wildlife experts warn. … So there are more bird-human interactions," she says. Most of the incidents arise when birds are trying to raise their young.
Do crows remember you?
Are crows good to have around?
Why would a crow attack a human?
Are crows a sign of good luck?
It is good luck if a blackbird makes a nest on your house. If you see 5 crows, sickness will follow; see 6 crows and death will follow.
Do crows follow humans?
Crows, as members of the corvid family, are highly intelligent creatures that make tools, recognize individual humans, and learn from one another. … The behavior isn't well studied, but limited evidence suggests corvids act differently around people they are familiar with.
Can crows sense death?
These results show that crows will avoid an area or thing that is deemed dangerous to their own species. In other words, they know what death is and know to fear it. … The study, published in the journal Animal Behaviour, was another in the line of research trying to better understand how animals respond to their dead.
Can birds kill you?
It's well known that cassowaries can be dangerous, and indeed together with ostriches [UPDATE: and chickens] they are the only birds known to have definitely killed humans*. … Serious injuries resulting from cassowary attacks are most likely to occur if the person is crouching or is lying or has fallen on the ground.
Are crows evil?
Being large and black, ravens and crows often figure prominently in the folklore and mythology of people throughout the world. Though occasionally they are portrayed as wise heroes, usually they are evil portents of misfortune.
Are crows afraid of humans?
Not only do crows scold dangerous people, but they include family members — and even strangers — into their mob. The hostile behaviour of crows within mobs allows naïve birds to indirectly learn about a dangerous person, and to also learn to associate that individual's face with danger and react accordingly.
Are crows good or bad omens?
What does it mean when u see 3 crows?
Modern usage. Stock market investors sometimes refer to a three crows as a pattern of successive declining stock prices over three days often identified by overlapping candlestick patterns. Three crows are often seen as a warning of a period of powerful selling pressure on the stock market.


text:
Five to seven years olds
What five to seven years olds can do at their own level
- They can talk about what they are doing.
- They can tell you about what they have done or hear.
- They can plan activities.
- They can argue for something and tell you why they think what they think.
- They can use logical reasoning.
- They can use their vivid imaginations
- They can use a wide range of imagination pattern in their mother tongue.
- They can understand direct inter-action.
Eight to ten years olds
Children of ten are relatively mature children with an adult side and a children side. May of characteristics listed above will thinks of the past.
- Their basic concept are formed. They have very decicide views of word.
- They can tell the difference between fact and fiction.
- They ask question all the time.
- They rely on the spoken word as well as the physical world to convey an understand meaning.
- They are able to make some decision about their own learning.
- They have definite views about waht they like and what don't like doing.
- They have a develop sense of fairness about what happens in classroom and begin to question the teacher's decisions.
- They are able to work with others and learn from others.