The abstract superclass for all feedback generators.
Do not subclass or create instances of this class yourself. Instead, instantiate one of the provided concrete subclasses:
UISelectionFeedbackGenerator. Use selection feedback generators to indicate a change in selection.
UINotificationFeedbackGenerator. Use notification feedback generators to indicate successes, failures, and warnings.
Using Feedback Generators
Haptic feedback provides a tactile response, such as a tap, that draws attention and reinforces both actions and events. While many system-provided interface elements (for example, pickers, switches, and sliders) automatically provide haptic feedback, you can use feedback generators to add your own feedback to custom views and controls.
When providing feedback:
 - Always use feedback for its intended purpose. Don't select a haptic because of the way it feels.
 - The source of the feedback must be clear to the user. For example, the feedback must match a visual change in the user interface, or must be in response to a user action. Feedback should never come as a surprise.
 - Don't overuse feedback. Overuse can cause confusion and diminish the feedback's significance.
For additional guidance on when and how to use feedback generators, see Haptic Feedback in iOS Human Interface Guidelines.
To use a feedback generator, the following are required:
 1. Instantiating the Generator
 2. Preparing the Generator (optional)
 3. Triggering Feedback
 4. Releasing the Generator (optional).
Listing 1 demonstrates triggering selection feedback from a pan gesture recognizer.
Listing 1
Triggering selection feedback
var feedbackGenerator : UISelectionFeedbackGenerator? = nil
_USER_ func gestureHandler(_ sender: UIPanGestureRecognizer) {
 switch(sender.state) {
 case.began:
 // Instantiate a new generator.
 feedbackGenerator = UISelectionFeedbackGenerator()
 // Prepare the generator when the gesture begins.
 case.changed:
 // Check to see if the selection has changed...
 if myCustomHasSelectionChangedMethod(translationPoint: sender.translation(in: view)) {
 // Trigger selection feedback.
 // Keep the generator in a prepared state.
 case.cancelled,.ended,.failed:
 // Release the current generator.
 feedbackGenerator = nil
 // Do Nothing.
Instantiating the Generator
To create feedback, you must first instantiate one of the UIFeedbackGenerator class's concrete subclasses (UIImpactFeedbackGenerator, UISelectionFeedbackGenerator, or UINotificationFeedbackGenerator).
Listing 1 instantiates a new UISelectionFeedbackGenerator object whenever a pan gesture begins.
Preparing the Generator
Preparing the generator can reduce latency when triggering feedback. This is particularly important when trying to match feedback to sound or visual cues.
Calling the generator's prepare() method puts the Taptic Engine in a prepared state. To preserve power, the Taptic Engine stays in this state for only a short period of time (on the order of seconds), or until you next trigger feedback.
Think about when and where you can best prepare your generators. If you call prepare() and then immediately trigger feedback, the system won't have enough time to get the Taptic Engine into the prepared state, and you may not see a reduction in latency. On the other hand, if you call prepare() too early, the Taptic Engine may become idle again before you trigger feedback.
Listing 1 prepares the generator when the pan gesture begins, and then triggers feedback when the gesture changes.
For more information, see the prepare() method.
Triggering Feedback
Each feedback generator subclass has a unique triggering method. To trigger feedback, call the appropriate method: impactOccurred(), selectionChanged(), or notificationOccurred(_:).
Note that calling these methods does not play haptics directly. Instead, it informs the system of the event. The system then determines whether to play the haptics based on the device, the application's state, the amount of battery power remaining, and other factors.
For example, haptic feedback is currently played only:
 - On a device with a supported Taptic Engine (iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus).
 - When the app is running in the foreground.
 - When the System Haptics setting is enabled.
As a general rule, trust the system to determine whether it should play feedback. Don't check the device type or app state to conditionally trigger feedback. After you've decided how you want to use feedback, always trigger it when the appropriate events occur. The system ignores any requests that it cannot fulfill.
In Listing 1, each time the gesture changes the gesture handler checks to see if the selection has changed. If so, the handler triggers feedback and prepares for the next change.
Releasing the Generator
If you no longer need a prepared generator, remove all references to the generator object and let the system deallocate it. This lets the Taptic Engine return to its idle state.
In Listing 1, the pan gesture recognizer releases its generator when the gesture ends, fails, or is canceled. Assigning nil to the instance variable removes the reference to the old generator. If there are no other references to the generator, the system deallocates it.
Instance Methods
func prepare()
Prepares the generator to trigger feedback.
Inherits From
Conforms To


Were early travel bans effective against the spread of Covid-19?
Evidence from previous pandemics, and early simulations generated after the beginning of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, suggested that travel bans are a common political tool for alleviating public anxieties, but have only limited effect in delaying international spread of the Covid-19 virus. However, other models projected that travel bans could be highly effective. As countries are gradually lifting lockdown measures around the world, data is becoming available to test how travel bans actually fared against the spread of the virus in this instance.
Alternative Hypothesis: Early travel restrictions against China resulted in early lifting of lockdown measures (presumably by assisting in preparation, containment, and reduction of spread).
Null Hypothesis: The timing of travel restrictions had no significant effect on the the timing of lockdown measures being relaxed (presumably not significantly contributing to the effectiveness of other lockdown measures).
I like the way this hypothesis focuses on exiting lockdown, rather than case counts or mortality rates, as the accuracy of these metrics is in question. On the other hand, exiting lockdown is as much a function of healthcare capacity, economic necessity, and political motives as it is a sign of containment.
I started with the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), a dataset graciously made publicly available by the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford – downloaded today (2020-05-28). Among other variables useful for testing the hypothesis in question, the OxCGRT provides a "StringencyIndex" value that represents a sum of all lockdown measures they track.
A short Python script converts this data to a table listing the following data:
 - Country
 - Travel – Quarantine: Date of first quarantine measures
 - Travel – Ban: Date of first travel ban
 - Max Restrictions: The maximum lockdown stringency level
 - Reduce Restrictions: The date of first stringency reduction after the maximum lockdown level is last reached
 - Major Reductions: The date at which stringency first decreased to less than 90% of maximum
Since some countries (eg, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, Afghanistan) did not ever institute travel restrictions, and many others (eg, United States, Denmark, Malaysia) have yet to significantly relax lockdown measures, I impugned these countries with outlier dates. Additionally, this hypothesis is only applicable to countries with lockdown measures sufficient to relax, so I excluded countries with maximum lockdown measures below 70 (eg, Sweden, Iceland, Taiwan). I also excluded China, for obvious reasons.
The resulting dataset of 145 countries is graphically displayed below (click image to enlarge).
The most interesting feature of this scatter-plot to me is the visually prominent appearance of 2 "blobs" of countries, one lined vertically around the quarantine date of 2020-02-01, and another larger one spread out a little more around 2020-03-15. Though a few countries (eg, Zambia, Sri Lanka, South Sudan) instituted travel bans somewhere between these dates, the vast majority of countries seem to congregate within these 2 waves of travel bans.
The alternative hypothesis, as stated above, would predict that countries in the first wave of travel restrictions would exit lockdowns sooner, while countries in the second wave would possibly still be in maximum lockdown now. This hypothesis is approximated by the red line added to the image (this is just a visual aid, not a correlation). Visual inspection does not support this hypothesis (r=0.09; p>0.1).
In addition to the limitations listed by the OxCGRT about the quality of their data, this analysis has many further limitations. I did try using travel bans instead of quarantines as the independent variable, and reduced restrictions rather than major reductions as the dependent variable, but this made little difference to the results. Similarly, removing potentially unreliable data sources such as all of Africa made no appreciable difference either. It may however, be useful to adjust lockdown reduction dates by the date of first identified case, as this date varies significantly per country, and may affect lockdown exit timing independently.
Relevant data for many countries has yet to be added and incorporated into the OxCGRT dataset. However, a trend already appears prominent in the available data to suggest that travel restrictions were not a major predictor of early reduction in lockdown measures across the world. This may be because asymptomatic carriers and poor testing meant that many carriers of the disease were already spreading the virus locally long before travel restrictions were instituted. Additional analysis is needed to determine if some combination of measures that includes travel restrictions was effective against spread and containment of the virus.
It is likely that many (possibly most) measures taken to combat the spread of Covid-19 were largely ineffective. This is a reasonable outcome based on limited information available at the time of onset of the pandemic, and hopefully some subset of measures that we will only know in hindsight has turned out to be effective. However, travel restrictions were already known in advance of the pandemic to have limited effect on spread, and yet most countries continue to enforce them even now, while lifting other lockdown measures. It is worth considering that the economic costs may outweigh any health benefits of continuing these bans.
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Our upcoming AIF series will be focused on the hyper-local geography of prosperity and, with an eye toward the future, will urge each community to frame its own assets and challenges in order to intimately imagine new futures for the community by asking the question: What's Next?
At the dawn of the 21st century, we're confronted with many different Alabamas.
As the state approaches its bicentennial anniversary, we are called to look back at the past two centuries of shared history in order to imagine and create new futures for our state. The state of the State that has emerged in the past sixteen years is one deeply bifurcated between the stasis of historical habitus and the kinetic dynamism of innovative futures.
While the metropoles of Birmingham, Huntsville, and Mobile are poised for unprecedented growth and economic relevance, those building a life beyond these major metropolitan areas have suffered tremendously as small town economies have been decimated, and capital has become more concentrated in big cities and vast suburbs.
There are at least two Alabamas — one rural and one (sub)urban — but there are as many as 67, and the DMC is making it a point to see each and every one of these in our upcoming AIF series, which will find us in each of our great state's 67 counties over the next two years.
In each community, the DMC will facilitate three individual forums, each reflexively-focused on one of the following questions:
 1. Where are we now?
 2. Where do we want to go?
 3. How do we get there?
We hope to equip local communities with the deliberative tools necessary to engage these questions through an infrastructural framework.
Specifically, we encourage communities to take an asset-based approach to considering three types of infrastructure:
 1. Physical Infrastructurethis includes the "roads, water, gas, electricity, and sewers are necessary to support economic growth."
 2. Human Infrastructure — including quality schools, robust workforce development, access to healthcare, and economic opportunities.
It is our hope that these divergent — yet overlapping — conceptions of infrastructure will allow forum participants to craft locally-relevant, community-driven responses to the question of "What's Next?"
Where are we now?
This question will be the topic of our first forum in each community.
Alabama's story, while unique, also reflects larger national economic trends; our state, like many others, has been decimated by the decline of manufacturing and the outflow of vital industries like iron and — most recently — steel.
While the state has made great strides in attracting auto and aircraft manufacturers, these "high skill" jobs are not enough to make up for the number of jobs lost, and employers often have a hard time finding a labor force with the education and skills needed to work in such high-tech industries. Additionally, these high-tech jobs tend to be concentrated in or near large metropolitan areas, and the growth of these urban and suburban centers is only one side of an emergent demographic trend that spells disaster for rural counties in Alabama.
Of the top six counties projected to grow the most over the next twenty-five years, all are home to a large metropolitan city, or county-adjacent to one. Of the top six counties expected to shrink the most over the next twenty-five years, all are rural.
So, when we ask "What's Next, Alabama?" we need to specify which Alabama we are talking about. The state of rural Alabama is not the state of (sub)urban Alabama; the problems facing a family in Hale County are not the same problems faced by families in downtown Birmingham. Our duty throughout this AIF series is to pay deference to the many Alabamas that exist right now, and to make time to sit down, have a conversation, and hear the vernacular experiences and ideas of all Alabamians.
Where do we want to go?
This question will be the topic of our second forum in each community.
Conventional wisdom and common sense tells us that Alabama needs a diversified economy — one that is not over-reliant on any one industry. But what does that diversified economy look like in individual communities across the state? Is it the same in Sand Mountain as it is across the Black Belt or on the Gulf Shore? No.
So how can we as Alabamians play an active role in shaping a future that ensures that "the economy" is not just something that happens to us, but is something that is created by us? There is no lack of imagination or ideas about Alabama's future, or what the state should aspire to become; there is, however, a dearth of opportunities for Alabamians from all walks of life to come together and engage each other in conversations about our state's future, and how we as Alabamians can play an active role in improving our local economies.
"What's Next, Alabama?" hopes to provide these opportunities for civic dialogue by making space and time for thoughtful, deliberative conversations about the economic future of our state. Throughout this two-year forum series, we hope not only to foster conversation, but to catalyze community-based actions and solutions that are tailor-made for addressing the variety of economic challenges facing all 67 counties.
How do we get there?
This question will be the topic of our final forum in each community.
That's for Alabamians to decide. The purpose of the AIF forums is to give them the opportunity to come together in order to:
 - Better understand the issues involved.
 - Consider the benefits and drawbacks of different approaches that emerge.
 - Identify actions that can be supported with time, energy, and resources.
 - Identify next steps for discussion and action.
These community dialogues are intended as starting points aimed at encouraging further discussions about how we as Alabamians can help create a diverse and vibrant economy with the capacity to adapt to 21st century opportunities, challenges, and changes.
By Justin Wayne Lutz with eternal gratitude to the work of Betty Knighton and the W.V. Center for Civic Life.


text:
Eagles are large birds of prey similar to real-life eagles.
House Mallister has an eagle in their sigil, and the Mallisters also control the Cape of Eagles. House Condon includes an eagle's head in their sigil, while double-headed eagles are included in the sigils of Houses Estren and Graves.
Lord Ardrian Celtigar is said to have a trained sea eagle, and Lord Jason Mallister decorates his helm with eagle wings. Some skinchangers can enter eagles. For instance, Orell controls an eagle with great blue-grey wings and golden eyes.
A Clash of Kings
While traveling through the Skirling Pass, Jon Snow sees eagles nesting in the heights and hunting in the valleys of the Frostfangs. Orell, a skinchanger of the free folk, spies with an eagle, but he is killed by Jon. The bird remains with Rattleshirt's band and gashes Jon's direwolf, Ghost.
A Storm of Swords
Part of Orell's consciousness lives on within his eagle, which attacks Jon. The skinchanger Varamyr takes control of Orell's eagle, but he is later almost driven mad when Melisandre kills the bird during the battle beneath the Wall by burning it.
Eagles have sharper eyes than men.
- A Storm of Swords, Chapter 36, Davos IV.
- A Game of Thrones, Chapter 29, Sansa II.
- A Clash of Kings, Chapter 51, Jon VI.
- A Clash of Kings, Chapter 58, Davos III.
- A Storm of Swords, Chapter 15, Jon II.
- The World of Ice & Fire, Ancient History: The Coming of the First Men.
- A Clash of Kings, Chapter 68, Jon VIII.
- A Clash of Kings, Chapter 53, Jon VII.
- A Storm of Swords, Chapter 73, Jon X.
- A Dance with Dragons, Prologue.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Under your own supervision in the galleries. Post Secondary. Does not include "Mesopotamia", opening June 22, 2013.
| Activity Type :
| Duration :
| Language :
| Subject :
| Price :
(per person, tax included)
NOTE: SELF-GUIDED GROUPS ARE NOT PERMITTED IN EXHIBITS WHERE LESSONS ARE IN PROGRESS.
Mondays to Thursdays 10:00 a.m. to 5:20 p.m.
Fridays 10:00 a.m. to 8:20 p.m.
Groups must enter the ROM by 3:30 p.m.
LUNCH SPACE CANNOT BE RESERVED DURING JULY AND AUGUST.
Print out these fun activity guides
for your teachers and supervisors!
In addition to our regular galleries, the following hands-on galleries are available for use during self-guided times. A RATIO OF ONE SUPERVISOR TO SEVEN CHILDREN IS REQUIRED TO USE THESE GALLERIES:
The Hands-on Biodiversity gallery focuses on the incredible diversity of living things, and the interactions between them. This interactive gallery offers students the chance to use specimens from the ROM's life sciences collections to learn about the interdependence of all living things. From food webs to habitats and communities, students will explore the biodiversity in their own home and backyard, as well as in a Tallgrass Prairie and Savanna, Mixed Wood Forest, Carolinian forest, Great Lakes Marsh and Tropical Rainforest. Students are encouraged to make observations, draw comparisons, and develop critical thinking with respect to biodiversity issues and concerns.
The CIBC Discovery Gallery offers visitors hands-on activities and real objects to examine to bring to life the mystery, excitement, and fascinating journey of discovery.
Minimum 10 people.
This lesson is full
on the following date(s):
Mon, May 27 2013
Tue, May 28 2013
Fri, June 14 2013
Mon, June 17 2013
Mon, July 01 2013
Mon, August 05 2013
Mon, September 02 2013

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Aquatic plant with odd, sharp fruit is bad news
John Nelson
Guest columnist
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John Nelson
Bad news, I'm afraid.
These are the oddly-shaped fruits of a curious aquatic plant that is native to large parts of western Asia and the warmer parts of Europe. Because they are aquatic plants, and due to their odd shape, these little fruits have been termed "water chestnuts." And of course, that is a perfectly OK common name...because all common names are "OK", in a sense.
Water caltrop is a nuisance aquatic plant.
There are indeed no rules that govern common names for plants (or animals), and if you are a faithful reader of this column, you may remember its author's near-obsession (completely justified, of course!) with scientific names. Again, there can be only one scientific name, in a proper sense, for any plant.
Common names, though, are completely up to the imagination (or lack of imagination) of whomever it is wants to talk about a given plant species in a vernacular way. And, more than one plant in this case...can have the same common name.
Here, the name "water chestnut" is also used for a completely different species (a sedge, actually), and this is the one that you can buy in cans at the supermarket, the sliced stuff that goes so well in Asian stir-fry dishes. So, I'm sure that you will agree with me that the best way to refer to plants is by their scientific names.
Our Mystery Plant, though, is rather closely related to the various members of the evening-primrose family. It is an absolute aquatic species, growing in quiet ponds and backwaters, preferring places with mucky bottoms.
This species showed up in New England just after the Civil War, no doubt as an aquatic garden (aquarium?) plant. As with many cultivated aquatic species, it found its way —accidentally or not — into the various waterways of New England, and now, much of southern Ontario. There are reports of it as far south as Virginia. For heaven's sake, we don't need yet another aquatic nuisance, likely to choke our lakes, ponds, and rivers, if it ever gets introduced.
If you are interested in growing aquatic plants as a hobby, please don't grow this one. There are plenty of native aquatic species that are attractive, easy to grow, and perhaps most importantly, non-invasive.
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Meaning of paraffin
Pronunciation: (par'u-fin), [key]
— n.
 1. a white or colorless, tasteless, odorless, water-insoluble, solid substance not easily acted upon by reagents, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons chiefly of the alkane series, obtained from crude petroleum: used in candles, for forming preservative coatings and seals, for waterproofing paper, etc.
 1. any member of the alkane series.
 2. one of the higher members of the alkane series, solid at ordinary temperatures, having a boiling point above 300°C, which largely constitutes the commercial form of this substance.
 2. Also calledkerosene.
 1. to cover or impregnate with paraffin.
See also:


text:
An international scientific expedition has revealed a South Pacific island roughly the size of Manhattan and clearly marked on online maps and marine charts does not, in fact, exist.
The 'undiscovery' of the island -- which until now was midway between Australia and New Caledonia -- highlights how much there still is to learn about the oceans, scientists say.
"We saw this mysterious island on all the scientific maps and weather maps but not on this one navigational chart that was on our ship," Ph.D student Sabin Zahirovic, part of the research team on board the RV Southern Surveyor, told CNN.
"So we decided to go see if it was actually there."
The ship didn't find an island
The island, identified as Sandy Island by Google Maps and Sable Island on others, was supposed to be quite large in size -- 156 square kilometers (60 square miles) -- but the ship sailed right through the area where the island was supposed to be.
"The captain was actually quite nervous because the island was showing up on all the maps," Zahirovic said.
The undiscovery was made during the ship's voyage this month. Although the team had originally planned to check out the existence of the island during the day, they had arrived at the location of the island at night due to a navigational error.
"We were watching all of our depth-sounding equipment. Luckily for us the sea floor turned out to be very deep there," said Zahirovic, who is studying the tectonic evolution of the eastern Coral Sea.
The implications are significant


text:
A SPECIES of African monkey has added charcoal to its diet, apparently to help it overcome the chemical defences of the plants it eats. The monkeys can now tolerate a wider range of plants and, as a result, their population has soared.
Scientists working on the east African island of Zanzibar observed that in one part of the island, red colobus monkeys (
Struhsaker says that the monkeys get the charcoal from burned tree and palm stumps in fields, out of abandoned kilns, and even steal it from villagers' hearths. His observations, published in the current issue of the
To continue reading this article, subscribe to receive access to all of newscientist.com, including 20 years of archive content.


text:
With leadership, one is inevitably confronted with paradoxes that challenge the limits of familiar solutions.
The word paradox originates from the Greek words para (beyond) and doxa (belief). Examples of paradoxes faced by leaders include the paradox of continuity and change, planning and action, equality and efficiency, and between leading with certainty and doubt. In leading across boundaries, leaders are confronted with multiple paradoxes – between cultural forces of individualism and collectivism, achievement and ascription, long and short term orientation, low and high power distance. Such paradoxes can be daunting for leaders who are often trained to lead with fixed solutions and models.
Unlike distinct and solvable problems for which an either/or decision may be chosen, paradoxical situations require leaders to see situations from multiple perspectives. As Jim Collins and Jerry Porras observed, it requires leaders to reject the 'tyranny of the OR' and embrace the genius of the AND" – a boundary-spanning mindset as opposed to a bounded perspective. A boundary-spanning mindset views paradox, not as a problem to be resolved, but as generative force for learning and change. It accepts both ends of a paradox, even though they seem contradictory,and seeks higher unifying principles to understand it.
The great Danish scientist Niels Bohr exemplified this mindset. A winner of the 1922 Nobel prize, Bohr has been described as a leader who has made one of the most influential advances in quantum mechanics. In a biography on Bohr, Ruth Moore describes how in a situational impasse and heated debate with his peers, Bohr proclaimed,
"How wonderful that we've met with a paradox. Now we have some hope of making some progress!"
The process of working through paradox can help leaders overcome isolated perceptions and identify new ways of integrating different goals and perspectives.
By embracing a boundary-spanning mindset, leaders can tap into the generative potential of paradox for change.


text:
Religion Subject Guide
guides are designed to help students begin the research process,
find reputable sources, and save time.
the Library Catalog for Books & Other Materials
To locate books
and other materials in CCSF Libraries, select the Library
Catalog from the Library's Homepage. You will notice
many ways to search, such as Title, Author, Subject, Subject Keyword,
Examples of Subject searches include:
Religion, Religion and Politics, Religion and Science, Buddhism, Islam, Islam – United States, Prayer, Aguaruna Indians -- Religion
include books, sample tests, class notes, and other items that instructors
put at the library for class use. The check out time is shorter
than regular circulating books.
To search for
a book on reserve in the Library
Catalog, select either Reserves
by Course or Reserves by Instructor.
When you have
located the materials, write down the Call Number and Title and
present this to a staff person at the Circulation Desk.
the Library Collection
the Library are shelved by call number according to the Library
of Congress classification system. Books are arranged on
the shelves by subject.
areas in the collection to find materials on religion include:
CALL NUMBER RANGE
|Religions. Mythology. Rationalism
|Islam, Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc
Reference books provide background information and overviews on a given topic. Relevant reference books for religion include:
Man, myth, and magic: the illustrated encyclopedia of mythology, religion, and the unknown. Richard Cavendish, editor in chief. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000. BF 31 E52 2000 Vols. 1-8 Rosenberg Reference
The Oxford dictionary of world religions. John Bowker, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. BL 31 _PHONE_ Rosenberg Reference
Atlas of the world's religions. Ninian Smart, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. G 1046.E4 A8 1999 Rosenberg Reference.
Taking sides. Clashing views on controversial issues in religion. Daniel K. Judd, ed. Guilford, CT: McGraw-Hill, Dushkin, c2003. H61.T3577 2003 Rosenberg Reference.
The encyclopedia of American religious history. Edward L. Queen. New York, NY: Facts On File, c1996. BL 2525.Q44, 1996 Rosenberg Reference
Encyclopedia of American religion and politics. Paul A. Djupe and Laura R. Olson. New York: Facts On File, c2003. BL 2525.D58 2003 Rosenberg Reference.
Electronic Reference Sources from the CCSF Ebooks collection
For more information about eBooks go to: _URL_
Encyclopedia of religious rites, rituals, and festivals 2004
Encyclopedia of new religious movements 2006
Encyclopedia of women and religion in North America 2006
A popular Dictionary of Buddhism 1997
Who's who in the Old Testament together with the Apocrypha 2002
The Quran : an encyclopedia 2006
for Articles in Periodical Databases
databases group together journal, magazine, and newspaper articles
by subject. They also usually provide abstracts (brief summaries)
and the full text of the articles. Do you need help identifying
the differences between scholarly
journal v. popular magazine articles?
databases are part of the private, passworded Web, so you
will need to have a current CCSF ID card with a barcode to access
those that CCSF subscribes to. All current CCSF Student ID cards should already have a barcode.
More information about obtaining a library bar code.
Infotrac is a brand name for several databases with coverage from 1980 to the present. Most relevant for religion topics is InfoTrac's Religion & Philosophy database which covers topics in the areas of both religion and philosophy. InfoTrac's Expanded Academic ASAP and OneFile databases also have useful materials. These databases let you limit your results to articles only from scholarly journals by checking the box "Refereed titles."
Literature Resource Center
Literature Resource Center has traditional reference works, critical information on authors and their works, and current journal articles. It is valuable for biographical information on authors of works relating to religion, and for critical information on both an individual work and an author's body of work
CQ provides lengthy research reports written by the editorial staff of the Congressional Quarterly Co. There are many reports related to religion. Some examples are Religion in America, Evolution versus Creationism, Prayer and Healing, and Religious Persecution. There are also reports on related moral or ethical issues such as issues of reproductive ethics, teaching values, assisted suicide, designer humans, and the ethics of war.
Ethnic Newswatch is comprised of newspapers, magazines and journals of the ethnic, minority and native press in America. Search here for ethnic aspects of topics related to religion.
Below are some examples of academic/scholarly web sites on Religion.
If you use a search engine, such as Google,
remember to evaluate
the quality of the results.
Web Resources for General Reference
Virtual Religion Index
An extensive and well organized index of Web resources with useful annotations that speed the targeting and process of research. From Rutgers University.
Voice of the Shuttle – Religious Studies Page
Links to resources including general studies, specific religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Sikkism, etc.), nonreligious views (Atheism, Agnosticism), issues of law and religion, society and religion, and religious studies courses and departments. From the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Encyclopedia of Religion and Society
"Full text online of the Encyclopedia, with table of contents, covering the spectrum of religions." The Encyclopedia of Religion and Society is from the Hartford Institute for Religious Research, and its editorial board is comprised of a number of respected sociologists of religion.
The Internet Sacred Text Archive
"a freely available archive of electronic texts about religion, mythology, legends and folklore, and occult and esoteric topics" Particular focus is on believers' (defined very broadly) sacred texts, including both primary and secondary materials.
Content Evaluation Guidelines
Advice from the Medical Library Association
Webpages: Techniques to Apply and Questions to Ask
A UC Berkeley - Teaching Library Internet Workshops
Analyzing Information Sources
Developed by Olin-Kroch-Uris Libraries at Cornell University.
and Citing Source
A quick and easy check list to use when determining the quality
of web documents. Prepared by Librarians at CCSF.
help you may contact the Reference Desk by phone at (415)
_PHONE_ or stop by the East and West reference desks at the Rosenberg
and Citing Information Sources
Electronic Reference Service to CCSF students, faculty, staff and
registered community users. Use this service when you are NOT in
a CCSF library.
and Web Research Workshops
FIfty minute workshops are given throughout the semester on effective
methods in searching for books, articles and information on the
Several useful sources for evaluating the quality of web pages, how
to prepare citations for a "Bibliography" or "Works Cited" list, and
how to avoid plagiarism.
Online Writing Lab
One of the most thorough and easy to navigate writing labs avaialble!
Research and Writing
Hosted by the Internet Public
Process @ CSU
Colorado State University developed these guides which "focus on a
range of composing processes as well as issues related to the situations
in which writers find themselves."
comments or suggestions to:
| Library Home
Copyright Library & Learning Resource Center, City College of San
Last updated September 13, 2007


text:
We present Brian, a new clock driven simulator for spiking neural networks which is available on almost all platforms. Brian is easy to learn and use, highly flexible and easily extensible. The Brian package itself and simulations using it are all written in the Python programming language, which is very well adapted to these goals. Python is an easy, concise and highly developed language with many advanced features and development tools, excellent documentation and a large community of users providing support and extension packages. Brian allows you to write very concise, natural and readable code for simulations, and makes it quick and efficient to play with these models (for example, changing the differential equations doesn't require a recompile of the code). Figure 1 shows an example of a complete network implemented in Brian, a randomly connected network of integrate and fire neurons with exponential inhibitory and excitatory currents (the CUBA network from ). Defining the model, running the simulation and making a raster plot of the activity takes fifteen lines of code. Amongst Brian's features are:
- Flexible neuron models: these can be defined in many ways, notably by directly providing differential equations (including stochastic DEs), or modularly, using standard components like ion channels and alpha function postsynaptic currents.
- Built in analysis and plotting: using the SciPy and PyLab scientific computing and plotting packages.
- Unit checking: equations and quantities are checked for dimensional consistency, which helps to eliminate scaling errors and incorrect equations which can otherwise be very hard to debug.
- Interactive simulations: Using the Python interactive shell, running simulations, changing aspects of the model, plotting and analysis can all be done interactively rather than requiring the network to be run afresh each time.
- Extensibility: Since Brian is written in the same high level language as simulations using it, it is easy to write extensions to Brian and share them with others.
Python is an interpreted language which means that it is slower than code written directly in C, but by using the NumPy package for highly optimised linear algebra it ends up comparable in speed to C code for large networks. The random network described above with 4000 neurons took 3.5 s to simulate 1 s of biological time, which was roughly 60% faster than Matlab, and 25% slower than C.
Figure 1. Brian in action.


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The essence of ObjectDesign - allocating responsibility over a set of abstractions forming a SystemOfNames. If you're familiar with WritingEffectiveUseCases, you know that your software is responsible for serving its actors and protecting the interests of its stakeholders. Meanwhile you're contemplating a set of abstractions. Some of these may model your problem domain (a DomainModel). Others may result from applying patterns, such as PatternsOfEnterpriseApplicationArchitecture.
The task is to decompose and allocate your software's responsibilities over the set of abstractions you're contemplating. You make trade-offs in the process, balancing such forces such as clarity, flexibility, expediency, and atomicity. You adjust your decomposition; you select and discard candidate abstractions. The process goes on forever. It is object-oriented design.
See also information about GRASP (which stands for "General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns")


Full-suite of models to simulate reacting flows involving gas, particles and surface
Combustion is a reacting flow where the constituents of a multi-component fluid react chemically with each other. Reacting flows are seen in a wide variety of industries and proper understanding of reacting flows is necessary for achieving the correct combustion and flame profile and temperature.
In the aerospace industry, reacting flows are seen everywhere from gas turbines, high-speed jet engines (ramjet,scramjet), afterburners and rocket engines (solid, liquid and hybrid).
STAR-CCM+ offers a comprehensive set of reacting flow models to properly simulate combustion in an efficient manner with detailed models for gas-phase, surface and particle chemistry.
STAR-CCM+ has a complete range of models compatible with RANS, DES and LES turbulence models to simulate a number of combustion scenarios such as:
 - Premixed, partially premixed and non-premixed models
 - State of the art coal and biomass combustion
 - Coupling to DARS-CFD for complex chemistry
 - Multiphase, transient instsabilities and LES combustion
The types of combustion models available in STAR-CCM+ are:
Eddy Break-Up (EBU) Model
Three variations of EBU models are present in STAR-CCM+ - standard, hybrid kinetics and combined time scale
Homogeneous Reactor Model
This model includes detailed chemistry descriptions and surface chemistry option for reactive surfaces
Coherent Flame Model (CFM)
Simulation of premixed flames where fuel and oxidizer are perfectly mixed before entering the computational domain can be achieved by the CFM model
Presumed Probability Density Function (PPDF) model
This model uses a presumed probability distribution (PPDF) to represent turbulent fluctuations in the reacting flow using a few parametric variables
Thickness Flame Model (TFM)
Primarily useful for Large Eddy Simulation (LES) combustion
In addition to the complete coverage of all combustion models, the ease-of-use for streamlined setup of complex reactions and handling of complex, un-simplified combustor geometries makes STAR-CCM+ a preferred solution for Combustion applications.
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Purpose: To evaluate if using the laser fluorescence (LF) device improves the detection of early or more advanced occlusal caries lesions in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of 181 occlusal sites in primary teeth were assessed by one examiner using DIAGNOdent. The same examiner and a second examiner evaluated 72 of the sites again to assess intraand inter-examiner reproducibility. After histological validation, lesions were divided at three thresholds according to the lesion depth: outer half of the enamel (D1), inner half of the enamel (D2) and dentine (D3). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under ROC curve were calculated for cut-off points for the sample considering the aforementioned thresholds. The parameters were compared using chi-square test and by comparison between unpaired ROC curves. Results: The overall LF performance was better at dentine threshold than at enamel threshold. The higher specificity was found at D3 and D2, and higher accuracy at D3 (P < 0.001). The intraand inter-examiner agreements were classified as good or excellent for all thresholds. Conclusions: The LF device performs better at the dentine threshold than at the enamel threshold. This method does not perform well in detecting initial enamel caries lesions.
Keywords: dental caries, early detection, laser fluorescence, occlusal surface, primary teeth


How to Get Rid Of Your Thigh Fat
How to Get Rid Of Your Thigh Fat
A recent study concludes that breaking down body fat especially those found in the thighs is a difficult task. This is because the human body concentrates on producing energy from other food sources before targeting the fats. This results to the accumulation of fats in the human body. Moreover, women, compared to men, store more fats and a bulk of this goes to lower body parts like the waist, thighs, hips and butt.
Excess placement of fats on the thighs can form cellulites. Bulges in the thighs are the leading cause of rheumatism in the knees, leg swelling, and fatigue from walking only a few meters. Fatty thighs are bothersome which is why you might want to lose them through the following suggestions:
 1. Thigh fat can be lost by minimizing frozen food intake, and avoiding junk foods such as potato chips, fries, and pizzas. These foods are rich in salt, which retains fats in the thigh area. These types of foods also pile up the pounds in your body.
 2. Eliminating thigh fat can also be done by eating iron-rich foods. This is the reason why vegetarians find it hard to lose fat. Broccoli, spinach, cabbage and tomatoes as well as fruits like fig, guava, berries, and apricot should be included in your diet because they are high in iron.
 3. Most importantly, people who want to lose thigh fat should ease up on drinking alcohol. Consuming large amounts of alcoholic drinks, how seldom it may be (like once a week), forces the liver to work harder and dump extra toxins in our bloodstream. The fats from the alcoholic beverage are then deposited in the thighs. Remember to drink warm water regularly as well to flush out toxins and remove thigh fats.
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Look for 2 adults on the nest. The adult pair will show pair bonding behaviors such as vocalizations, aerial sky dances, and the male feeding the female fish. You may see the pair copulating, which typically begins 14 days before laying eggs.
Females will lay 1 - 4 eggs at a rate of one egg every 1 - 2 days. After laying, incubation starts. Look for adults taking turns sitting low in the nest incubating eggs. The incubation period can last 35 - 43 days.
Chicks hatch ~39 days after incubation begins. Look for adults bringing food to the nest and making "head bows" into the center. Chicks typically can't be seen until they are 2 - 3 weeks old, so feeding behavior is the only way to know chicks are there.
Around 4 weeks after hatching, look for the heads of chicks to show over the rim of the nest, particularly when adults bring food to the nest. Other times they lie flat and are harder to see. Count the number of chicks in the nest before they learn to fly
Chicks begin flying around 7 - 8 weeks old, and are still fed by the adults. Count the number of chicks who have successfully fledged the nest and are observed flying.
Chick Last Observed
4 - 10 weeks after fledging, chicks begin leaving the nest area to migrate south, once they have learned to fly and feed themselves. Record the date that the last chick left the nest.
Look for signs of nest failure like adult abandonment, adults no longer incubating eggs or feeding young.


Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty at Uber
2500 words (10 pages) Business Assignment
16th Dec 2020 Business Assignment Reference this
Tags: Business AssignmentsMarketingBusinessUber
Executive Summary
The purpose of this assignment is to explain the relevance of customer value, satisfaction and loyalty and how those concepts jointly contribute to achieve the company's goals in order to place them in a privilege place of the market and let them be successful. Additionally, it will be explain how a company manage its relationship with customers for which will be chosen Uber Company as leader in digital transport industry. It will be outlined how Uber has change its marketing strategy over the time due to changeable economic world in which is playing an important role. There will be some examples of different companies around the world to support the academics concepts covered in class and finally it will be possible suggest some ideas that Uber may implement to enhance its relationship with customer because it is a reasonable requirement of all companies to be successful.
Table of Contents
 1. What represent Customer value, Satisfaction and Loyalty in Marketing Management?
 2. What is the importance of customer value, satisfaction and loyalty in the success of a company?
 3. Customer Relationship Management in Uber
 4. Conclusions and Recommendations
 5. References
1. What represents Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty in Marketing Management?
The relationship among those three concepts is close associated with customers' perceptions about what they are expecting of a determined product or service and the monetary cost paid for it. Based on this fact, companies' marketing departments build their strategic plan to enhance and strengthen customer value, satisfaction and loyalty. "Customer value is the difference between the prospective customer's evaluation of all the benefits and cost of an offering and the perceived alternatives" (Kotler & Keller, 2016), on the other hand it is satisfaction, which simply is how a buyer if a feels after a purchase was done, if the action meet the person's expectations, the level of satisfaction is good, otherwise it will be low level, however due to there are people involve in this concept, all the results are relative because human perceptions about satisfaction is always unpredictable, that is the reason marketing studies about fragmentation is vital in a successful strategy. In addition to efficaciously achieve the companies' goals, is quite important as well, work on strongly retain customers, make them feel satisfied with the brand, let them have perfectly clear that their investment is placed in the most suitable way, this is called loyalty, and in order to match those three factors, companies develop different methods of building value, satisfaction and loyalty.
Nevertheless these concepts as variables play a critical role into the marketing game, each one has different relevance into the business but all jointly aim to attain customer loyalty. In the marketing flow, customer satisfaction and customer perceived value are the drivers of customer loyalty, in simples words the existence of an effective relationship between these two variables or factors and even the organizational performance constitute a key motivators for consumers to become loyal to an specific product or service. After all, customer loyalty will always be a driver to increase profit levels and enhance the financial company performance.
The best sample of this assumption is Apple, this company has created a solid monopoly due to the quality of its products, technical support and even fashion, but whatever Apple has built this strong connection with consumers, the customer loyalty developed has been extremely successful. As a result of this action, Apple has currently valued for approximately one trillion of US dollars and its net revenue for the past quarter was $9.55 billion (Salinas, 2018), these numbers simply represent the influenced and power of loyalty, let see, if a customer believes the product (in this case Apple) that is buying is high quality, its feeling about the investment is safe and automatically its perceptions about the purchase will be positive. As a general conclusion, loyalty represents the result of a well developed marketing strategy in which customer value is prioritized over many economics factors and the customers' satisfaction importance is constantly evaluated by the company in order to improve the strategic plan and achieve the expected profits levels.
2. What is the Importance of Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Success of a Company?
The challenging journey of a company after the launching has good and bad moments, which normally are known as successes and failure, it is vital to any company aims to be successful but in fact this is not always attainable and neither sustainable, though the real true is that the journey is unpredictable because everything is continuously changing and a large numbers of variables are constantly influencing on the business as well. Nevertheless, the success in a company occurs basically when a they achieve its strategic objectives and it is close linked with their profitability, after all the gold rule of any business is to generate revenue by being as productive and effectiveness as possible but also by diminishing expenses in order to gain more revenue and be much more profitable. Yet, this point of view is net financial because as it was previously mentioned the journey toward to success is constantly changing, then it could affirm that nowadays a company is successful if it is well known brand or if its popularity in social networks is high, but it comes back again to the point the financial issue, without profit there is no success.
As a matter of fact, the Forbes magazine described 6 ways to measure success in a business based on the following priority order: financial statements, customer satisfaction, quantity of new clients added, conduct performance review, staying current on the market and finally the shareholders' perception about achieving for proposed expectations (Kappel, 2017). According to above sample of successful view, the relationship among Customer Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty, is fairly important in order to achieve the companies' objectives, all these could be financial, operatives, socials and even politics, but truly those have to work jointly. This works as a balance in where one side is fit by economics and financials issues and on the other side there are plenty of customer needs but the complement to maintain success in the market is undoubtedly to having competitive and sustainable advantage and this is only possible when clients' loyalty is strong enough to face rival threats and the constantly world change market by technology (Armstrong, Adam, Denize, & Kotler, 2012).
3. Customer Relationship Management in Uber
The term marketing relationship refers to "long-term, mutually beneficial arrangements in which both the buyer and the seller focus on value enhancements through the creation of more satisfying exchanges" (Pride & Ferrel, 2013, p. 15). This is exactly the most important objective of marketing; the more reliable information about buyer perceptions the more successful is the marketing strategy. Normally all the companies has two types of strategies, intended and realized, the first one is developed during the strategic plan building and the other one is the adaptation of the initial one due to the changeable social environment (Pride & Ferrel, 2013, p. 43) one suitable example of this discernable change in the strategic plan has been Uber, the company which was born just to meet the transportation needs of the citizens in California, US in 2008 but nowadays presents a generous offers of services around the almost 45% of the world and it is valued in more than 62 us billions ( Uber Technologies Inc., 2018).
By increasing customer value over time, Uber tries to retain and increase long-term profitability through customer loyalty by different ways. For instance, if a customer (rider) invites new riders by using a specific code, they get $5,000 off each of next 2 rides when they start riding. Complementary, into the others services offered by Uber, is Uber eats which is growing pretty fast in New Zealand market specially for the high demand and the low levels of competition. The system simply consists to connect one person who needs a delivery with other one who is willing to take it, whole this process is manage through a digital application controlled by Uber. In the same way as Uber, Uber Eats enable user to connect each them, buyers pay a fee to Uber for the delivery and Uber pays another fee to drivers for the service. For this case, Uber eats offers another "promotion" in order to retain new clients which is quite similar to the mentioned one previously. Uber Eats provides a code for each user and if the users share this code with different friends, when they use Uber Eats for the first time, they will get NZ$10 off their order and the initial user will get NZ$5 off. The intended marketing strategy of Uber was completely different to the currently one, its easy life philosophy as to connect users around a need marked a significant difference. However when Uber first introduced in the transport market, they only focused in cars to move different people, but due to the fast raise of digital technology market, Uber innovated with new services and they realized the demand was as large that they would not need to retain their customers, this was almost a monopoly with the power of a wonderful innovator idea in a world eager of technology.
Over the time, other competitors got into the business and additionally there were a large numbers of problems with other transport sectors such as taxi companies and even private companies because this was an unfair competition, therefore Uber had to change its marketing strategy and enhance its CRM. Obviously due to those serious problems, Uber has lost economic force in the market and the most curious fact; Uber has just implemented several promotions to strengthen customer satisfactions and loyalty. The visible face of the company to show good quality, great customer service, and place the brand on top, is the drivers because indeed customers are how respond positively if they are well treated and consequently the company will be good rated. Similarly how the company treats drivers, customer satisfaction indicator will be fairly rated. This fact is consequently important to achieve the company financial goals but in this case,


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I cannot really figure out what causes one surface to overlap another. In a 3D engine I'm creating, my technique is failing in edge cases.
My method is sorting the surfaces to be painted from the furthest to the closest. To determine the closeness, I'm comparing the average z values. Sometimes, however, an overlapping surface has a higher average z value than the one it is overlapping. Thus, the surface further away is painted over the closer one - resulting in bizarre rendering like this:
Large purple square with a section of red on the side
What one is meant to see is the purple front surface of the cube only, whilst the red side surface is painted over the purple one. The average z value of the purple surface is higher, and therefore 'further away'. So I'm having some doubt as to whether this technique is correct.
What I also tried is getting the distance from the camera (i.e. origin) to the surface, but then I needed a point. I chose the middle of each surface but also this doesn't always seem to work because not all surfaces are as large as each other.
Therefore, what is a reliable way to determine the order of closeness of surfaces towards the origin?
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4 Answers
up vote 11 down vote accepted
You seem to be trying to implement the Painters Algorithm. I'm guessing you're trying to write a rasteriser from scratch as a learning exercise, as most modern 3D hardware uses what Bart has mentioned (the Z/Depth buffer). For the painters algorithm to work in all cases, you'd need to be prepared to subdivide the surfaces as they're rendered to solve possible scenarios (such as the overlapping polygon problem shown on the Wikipedia page).
By rendering from furthest to closest you're also spending time rendering pixels which will possibly later be occluded by other polygons, which when you start putting textures and complex shaders on the polygons wastes precious cycles. This is the reason modern hardware would prefer you to render from front to back, using the depth buffer to determine if the pixel to be rendered is further away than the one on the screen (and can therefore be discarded).
Even with most modern acceleration hardware you'll still need to sort and render from back to front any semi-transparent polygons, rendering this only once all the opaque polygons have been rendered.
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You are correct in saying that I'm creating a simple renderer. The point is that I'm not using any 3D libraries. I'm doing all projection calculations myself and then draw the lines using a 2D drawing library. This is not the fastest out there and I'm not doing anything on a per-pixel basis. I just have 4 points of each surface and fill the rectangular shape with a color. Since I'm drawing a complete surface at one time, am I correct in saying that I do have to draw back to front? – pimvdb Apr 12 '11 at 11:19
Sounds like a lot of fun and a great way to learn. Back to front is your only way if you're doing this without any form of depth buffer. I think you're going to have to work out all the screen co-ordinates of your polygons and then check for any overlap. Where they overlap in depth you're potentially going to need to chop up the polygons to render, so you can actually resolve the sorting correctly. You might also want to look into Back Face Culling as a way to remove polygons that shouldn't necessarily be visible – Roger Perkins Apr 12 '11 at 11:27
Roger Perkins is right. You won't be able to achieve correct z-sorting that way (meaning you'll always have some edge-cases), unless you chop up the polygons. That can become rather slow though. – bummzack Apr 12 '11 at 12:45
I got it working! What I did was a combination of backface culling and sorting: in a solid cube, some faces are not visible whilst others are (max of 3). So I painted the non-visible parts first, and the visible parts over them. This works like a charm, if I remove one or more sides, they are overlapping but still drawn in the correct order. Thanks! – pimvdb Apr 12 '11 at 13:29
That'll only work for simple convex shapes, like cubes. I'm glad it's currently working out for you, but it's not a general solution. – Richard Fabian Apr 12 '11 at 19:51
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What you have is a visibility problem. One solution is using a z-buffer.
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Thanks, but z-buffering requires per-pixel rendering if I'm not mistaking. I'm not doing that - I'm drawing straight lines between the projected points of the cube. Is z-buffering still possible? – pimvdb Apr 12 '11 at 11:01
Even if you're drawing straight lines, at some point before the image gets to the screen (or bitmap file) it will be in pixel format. – Bart van Heukelom Apr 12 '11 at 11:40
That's correct but my drawing library is too slow to do pixel rendering with 20fps. Thanks though. – pimvdb Apr 12 '11 at 11:41
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Sorting the faces according to their average z-value doesn't work, because the average z-value provides no information on the actual z-value of the vertices or even surface pixels.
Example (warning, ASCII art ahead):
cam /
--> /
 /-- <--B
There are two faces A and B. From the camera's perspective A is in front of B. Yet the average z-value of B is smaller. Let's look at the other z-values:
 - the minimum z-value of A is 4
 - the maximum z-value of A is 11
 - therefore the average z-value of A is 7.5
 - the minimum z-value of B is 6
 - the maximum z-value of B is 8
 - therefore the average z-value of B is 7
You could try to sort them by their minimal z-values but there cases where that won't work too. There is just no way to sort arbitrary faces correctly using just one z-value.
In Newell's algorithm _URL_ what you do is sort the min/max-ranges of the z-values. If the ranges of two faces do not overlap you can know for sure which one is in front. If they do, sometimes you absolutely have to split the faces. Sometimes it will suffice to raytrace every vertex for occlusion or some other technique.
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That diagram is an overhead view of what I was going to guess is going on in his screenshot. – jhocking Jun 8 '11 at 20:42
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It's good that you are learning about rendering by doing. Kudos. In this instance, there is no "painters algorithm" solution, instead of trying to fix it by sorting, on the PS1 we used to just try to keep polygons around the same size when they were next to each other (which you are doing as far as I can tell), and backface cull (which you're not doing)
Backface culling is checking the surface normal in screen space for it's direction (just get the sign of the depth element from the screen space transformed normal (in our case it was the z of the normal), or the cross product of two vectors of the triangle i.e. cross( v1-v0, v2-v0 ))
If you implement backface culling, you also reduce the amount of rasterising you're doing.. double win.
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Thanks for your response. I did read about backface culling but the point is that I'd like to be able to remove one side. With a solid cube this might work just great, but if I remove one side then there is occulision happening - so I still need to sort them I guess. Anyway, I came up with the idea of fireing a ray from the origin through the midpoint of a surface. If that ray crosses another surface afterwards, then the first surface is overlapping the second. Could you possibly tell me whether that idea is that correct? Thanks! – pimvdb Apr 12 '11 at 12:17
Although your idea would work for your example case, there are plenty of other cases where it's not going to work. For example, the same scene you have there, but with the camera tilted so that the centre of the incorrect rendering quad is not overlapping.I think you're going to have to tesselate your primitives into smaller pieces. – Richard Fabian Apr 12 '11 at 13:22
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The ability to adapt is critical to survival and varies between individuals. Adaptation of one motor system may be related to the ability to adapt another. This study sought to determine whether phoria adaptation was correlated with the ability to modify the dynamics of disparity vergence. Eye movements from ten subjects were recorded during dynamic disparity vergence modification and phoria adaptation experiments. Two different convergent stimuli were presented during the dynamic vergence modification experiment: a test stimulus (4° step) and a conditioning stimulus (4° double step). Dynamic disparity vergence responses were quantified by measuring the peak velocity (°/s). Phoria adaptation experiments measured the changes in phoria over a 5-min period of sustained fixation. The maximum velocity of phoria adaptation was determined from an exponential fit of the phoria data points. Phoria and dynamic disparity vergence peak velocity were both significantly modified (P < 0.001). The maximum velocity of phoria adaptation was significantly correlated with the changes in convergence peak velocity (r > 0.89; P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between the ability to adaptively adjust two different oculomotor parameters: a tonic and dynamic component. Future studies should investigate additional interactions between these parameters, and the ability to adaptively change other oculomotor systems such as the saccadic or smooth pursuit system. Understanding the ability to modify phoria, dynamic disparity vergence, and other oculomotor parameters can yield insights into the plasticity of short-term adaptation mechanisms.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Oculomotor adaptation
- Phoria adaptation
- Vergence adaptation


Biochemical Genetic Test: Pyruvate
Also known as: pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency test, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency test.
What is biochemical genetic test: pyruvate/pyruvate dehydrogenase/pyruvate carboxylase?
Pyruvate is an important compound that participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase are enzymes which enable pyruvate to play a role in the breakdown of glycogen and glucose to produce energy for cell use. Problems ( from for example a hereditary deficiency) with the process of breaking down of pyruvate limits the body's cells abilities to produce energy, and may cause problems in early infancy or later in childhood.
What happens during the procedure?
Testing for the enzyme deficiencies may occur after birth or later, and may involve blood being drawn from a vein in the usual way, or fluid being collected from around the brain/spinal cord (cerebrospinal fluid), urine testing and /or skin or muscle tissue being collected for genetic testing.
Is any special preparation needed?
Depending on what tissue in particular is being tested, preparation will vary. Your pediatric specialist at Nicklaus Children's Hospital will explain the tests to be performed and what preparations may be required.
What are the risk factors?
The tests performed are all thought to be safe and complications are uncommon.
Reviewed by: Jack Wolfsdorf MD.
This page was last updated on: April 06, 2021 10:18 AM
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Sentence for participated | Use participated in a sentence
A sentence using the word participated. University students, spelling bee organizers, and people looking to increase their vocabulary may enjoy the contents of this post. The lines of text below use participated in a sentence, and provide visitors a sentence for participated.
 - An odd world, where for the sin we have not participated in we must fib and continue fibbing, she reflected. (10)
 - Chump had not participated in the fact presented by ocular demonstration. (10)
 - He pretended to suppose that Dahlia, whose only reproach to him was her suffering, participated in the scheme to worry him. (10)
 - She saw my agitation; she participated in, and increased it. (6)
 - That being settled, some appearance of equanimity returned; she talked of the scarlet business as one she participated in as a distant spectator. (10)
Glad you visited this page with a sentence for participated. Perhaps also see a sentence for profiles and ways to use parsonage in a sentence. Now that you've seen how to use participated in a sentence hope you might explore the rest of this educational reference site to see many other example sentences which provide word usage information.
People looking for: "participated in sentences", visited this page.


, at the heart of relativism is the idea that believing something makes it so. Thus, believing that abortion is wrong makes it truethat abortion is wrong (for that person or culture). But this is to misunderstand the notion of truth. When we say that something is true we mean that it's true regardless of your beliefs. For example, if someone believes that there were weapons of mass destruction in Iraq their belief has no bearing on the truth of the proposition. The proposition "there were weapons of mass destruction in Iraq" is either true or false regardless of what anyone believes because the truth value of propositions depends on states of affairs in the world not on our beliefs about states of affairs. It can't be both true and false. It must be one or the other.
Person A says "I believe abortion is wrong (in circumstance C), therefore it's wrong." They say the proposition "abortion is wrong" is true.
Person B says "I believe abortion isn'twrong (in circumstance C), therefore it isn'twrong." They say the proposition "abortion is wrong" is false.
The most basic rule of logic is the law of non-contradiction: that something cannot both be true and false at the same time. Relativism leads us to violate the most fundamental rule of logic. It makes it so a proposition can both true and false at the same time. Under relativism "abortion is wrong" is both true and false.
Accepting relativism means we have to reject the most basic rule of logic and this is not a good outcome. It means you can't even communicate because everything is both true and false. Squares both do and do not have 4 corners; Circles both are and are not squares; I both exist and don't exist at the same time; I both will and will not meet you for lunch. My car both is and is not a car. Those jeans both make your butt look fat and not fat. Nothing makes any sense. All meaning is drained from language. This is the logical cost of accepting relativism.
The relativist can reply. No! No! No! You don't understand! What I mean is "abortion is wrong" is true for me! (Me! Me! Me! Everything revolves around me! Even truth and falsity). But this is to completely abandon what we mean by true and false. Nobody takes seriously the person who says "the earth is flat is true for me!". To such a person we simply say that they are confusing belief for factual knowledge. They believethat the earth is flat but this doesn't make it true. And they certainly don't knowthat the earth is flat. There is a fact about the universe that the earth either is flat or it isn't. It can't be both—regardless of how hard you believe and regardless of what you read in "The Secret"…
To summarize: An assertion cannot both be true and false (law of non-contradiction). Relativism violates the law of non-contradiction because some people will say of a moral statement that it is true while others will say it's false. There are two alternative: (a) both are wrong and there is no moral truth at all, just preferences (i.e., some form of nihilism is true); (b) one is right and the other is wrong (i.e., some form of realism is true).
Realism or Nihilism: Pick One but You Can't Be a Relativist
We want language to have meaning so we must abandon relativism. Our two choices are realism or nihilism. Realism (in its many flavors) is the position that we can make objective judgments about some values being better than others. Contrary to what simplistic caricatures would have us believe, realism doesn't necessarily commit you to hard and fast rules.
Realism can be very coarse grained. It might say that for certain situations there is no one right answer there are several but there are also wrong answers. If you think that there are some situations where there is fact about what's good or right or that there can be wrong answers, you are a realist. Maybe you think it's wrong to kill a bunch of innocent civilians for drawing cartoons of a person who lived in the 7th century. If you think it's wrong, and not just a belief that it's wrong but are willing to say it's wrong for anyone to do, then you're a realist.
If you don't think there are any objective moral facts or values then you can never say one set of values is better than another. As a nihilist you can't say that making one decision over another matters (from an objective point of view) because there are no values and so there's no reason to prefer one outcome over another. People might have personal preferences but we can never objectively evaluate their preferences. The person who chooses to spend their life counting blades of grass has a life no less meaningful than the person who cures cancer.
What you can't be is a relativist. Either there are objective moral facts and/or values or there aren't. It's one or the other. It can't be both. People can have beliefs/preferences about what's good/right/bad/wrong but this doesn't tell us anything about the objective state of affairs. If you're a realist, people can have mistaken beliefs about what's good/right/bad/wrong. If you're a nihilist, people only have preferences and preferences can't be "true" or "false" any more than my preference for strawberry ice cream is true or false.
6 thoughts on "Relativism, Nihilism, and Realism: You Think You're a Relativist but You're Not.
 1. May I ask, is there a way to somehow take a middle ground on whether the universe is or is not defined by objective truths? I'm having trouble wrapping this idea around my head. What are your thoughts about this?
 2. Hi Eric,Thanks for your question. The best prospects for such a view would be some variation of what's called 'constructivism' as well as views called 'quasi-realism'. I'd recommend checking out the work of Allan Gibbard and Simon Blackburn. Searching these views and philosophers in SEP, Internet encyclopedia of philosophy, and wikipedia are good places to begin.
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Yuan, Shengjun4; Roldán, Rafael5; Jauho, Antti-Pekka3; Katsnelson, M. I.4
1 Department of Microand Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark2 Theoretical Nanotechnology, Department of Microand Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark3 Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Center, Technical University of Denmark4 Radboud Universiteit5 Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid
Regular nanoscale perforations in graphene (graphene antidot lattices, GALs) are known to lead to a gap in the energy spectrum, thereby paving a possible way towards many applications. This theoretical prediction relies on a perfect placement of identical perforations, a situation not likely to occur in the laboratory. Here, we present a systematic study of the effects of disorder in GALs. We consider both geometric and chemical disorder, and evaluate the density of states as well as the optical conductivity of disordered GALs. The theoretical method is based on an efficient algorithm for solving the time-dependent Schro¨dinger equation in a tight-binding representation of the graphene sheet [Yuan et al., Phys. Rev. B 82, 115448 (2010)], which allows us to consider GALs consisting of 6400 × 6400 carbon atoms. The central conclusion for all kinds of disorder is that the gaps found for pristine GALs do survive at a considerable amount of disorder, but disappear for very strong disorder. Geometric disorder is more detrimental to gap formation than chemical disorder. The optical conductivity shows a low-energy tail below the pristine GAL band gap due to disorder-introduced transitions.
Physical Review B (condensed Matter and Materials Physics), 2013, Vol 87, Issue 8


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October 9, 2001
As a Nation, we have responded to the terrorist attacks of September 11 by offering our support to the victims and their families, to the rescue workers, and to the men and women of the United States military. We have also displayed remarkable patriotism that reflects our appreciation for and dedication to the principles that make America strong - freedom, liberty, and independence.
Teachers in every community in America have been working with students to help them understand what happened on September 11 and to overcome their fears and concerns. They have also worked to teach them more about our proud and rich national history and the foundations of our free society.
I write today to ask you to join me and students, teachers, parents, and other proud Americans across the country in showing our patriotism by reciting the Pledge of Allegiance at a single time and with a unified voice in your classrooms on Friday, October 12, 2001.
Pledge Across America is being organized by Celebration USA, a nonprofit organization created to strengthen instruction on the basic principles of American democracy in America's classrooms. They have offered us an opportunity to join in a synchronized Pledge of Allegiance at 2:00 p.m. EDT, 1:00 p.m. CDT, Noon MDT, 11:00 a.m. PDT, 10:00 a.m. in Alaska, and 8:00 a.m. in Hawaii.
I hope you will join me in making this a national celebration on Friday at the times listed above. Together, we can send a loud and powerful message that will be heard around the world: America is "one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all."
More information on Pledge Across America is available on the U.S. Department of Education website at _URL_.


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Bombing of Mannheim in World War II
||This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2006)|
As part of Operation Abigail Rachel, the "first deliberate terror raid" on Germany took place on December 16, although with poor effect even though one hundred tonnes of explosives and 14,000 incendiaries were dropped on Mannheim.
The British had been waiting for the opportunity to experiment with such a raid aimed at creating a maximum of destruction in a selected town since the summer 1940, and the opportunity was given after the German raid on Coventry. Internally it was declared to be a reprisal for Coventry and Southampton. The new bombing policy was officially ordered by Churchill on December 1, explained in the War Cabinet on December 12, and operation Abigail was approved on the 13th, on condition it receive no publicity and be considered an experiment. The "air-crews, rightly, regarded it as a terror raid". Incendiaries dropped by eight bombers to mark the target missed the city center and of the 100 or so aircraft, of the 134 dispatched, that did drop bombs most missed the city center. German casualties were 34 dead and 81 injured. The lessons learned from the large dispersal of bombs over Mannheim was to develop the "bomber stream", maximum amount of bombs over shortest time and area. Despite the lack of decisive success of this raid, approval was granted for further similar raids.
This was the start of a British drift away from precision attacks on military targets and towards area bombing attacks on whole cities.
The largest raid on Mannheim was on September 5 and 6, 1943. A large part of the city was destroyed. In 1944, raids destroyed Mannheim Palace, leaving only one room undamaged out of over 500. On March 2, 1945 the RAF launched a 300-bomber attack, causing a devastating firestorm. 25,181 tons of bombs fell throughout the war.
- Boog, pp 507, 508
- "Royal Air Force Bomber Command Campaign Diary 1940}". DeltaWeb International. April 6, 2005.
- Boog, p 509
- Boog, Stumpf and Rahn (editors) Germany and the Second World War: Volume VI: The Global War Oxford University press, 2001, ISBN 0-19-822888-0
|This World War II article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Columbia sediments in the Middletown-Odessa area are composed of boulders, gravels, sands, silts and clays. These sediments are exposed in four gravel pits where their structures and textures were studied. Subsurface geology was interpreted on the basis of the well-log data from 40 holes drilled in the area of study. Columbia sediments were laid upon a surface made up of the greensands of the Rancocas Formation (Paleocene – Eocene age). The contact between the Rancocas and Columbia Formations is an erosional unconformity.
Please give proper credit to the Delaware Geological Survey.
Delaware Geological Survey
University of Delaware
Delaware Geological Survey Building
Newark, DE 19716
Mon - Fri; 8:00am to 4:30pm


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UNESCO International Literacy day 2012 Theme
Literacy is important for then growth and development of society. The society can become healthy and Wealthy with literacy. UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization) has initiated for the observance of international literacy day.
Date of International Literacy day:
The first international literacy day was observed in the year 1965. Every year international literacy day shall be observed on the 8th day September. UNESCO is taking up then initiation of celebration of international literacy day across the globe.
Need for literacy and observation of international literacy day:
Nearly one in every six people is still illiterate. Among these two thirds are women. Nearly 80 crore adults are still illiterate in the world. There are so many children are out of school during their young age. It is observed that poverty and ill health is related to illiteracy in then world. Literacy can improve the quality of life among the human beings. One can have better sanitation and health with literacy. Educating adult illiterate and bringing the children to schools at the young age are the main agenda for organizing the international literacy day. Literate adults can know the need of education and can send their children in pursuing education. Literacy can uplift people from poverty. UNESCO supports its member states in planning and implementation of program for the improvement of literacy rates in the respective sites.


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Use this warm water pipe marker to quickly identify a pipe's contents. This marker features a green background with a green outward directional chevron arrow on each side. It also features white centered text WARM WATER.
Different base colours have been selected to assist in identifying the application category of each pipe marker. This has been designed for operations and maintenance workers and crews responding to maintenance works or emergency calls and situations.
- This warm water pipe marker is manufactured from UV-stabilised self-adhesive vinyl which allows them to be used in indoor or outdoor environments.
- The green colour-coding of this pipe marker indicates that a water-related substance flows within the pipe.
Our standard range of pipe markers are manufactured to meet the requirements of Australian Standard AS1345-1995 Identification of the contents of pipes, conduits and ducts.
A large variety of pipe markers are available for various substances and applications. See below to view the full range:
- Electrical pipe markers, colour coded orangeclick here:
- Steam pipe markers, colour coded silver/greyclick here:
- Other liquids pipe markers, colour coded brownclick here:
- Gases pipe markers, colour coded yellow (ochre) – click here:
- Fire services pipe markers, colour coded violet – click here:
- Oil pipe markers, colour coded blue – click here:
- Acids and alkalis pipe markers, colour coded violetclick here:
- Air power pipe markers, colour coded orange – click here:


text:
EAST LANSING, Mich. - Michigan State University has earned a $5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to better understand how biofuel crops acquire nitrogen, insights that could help maximize yields while minimizing fertilizer use.
Sarah Evans, an integrative biologist at MSU's Kellogg Biological Station, and a team of MSU colleagues will study how plants interact with microbes living near their roots to obtain nutrients, especially biofuel crops growing in abandoned farmlands, or marginal lands.
Dumping nitrogen fertilizer on marginal lands doesn't make financial sense and, environmentally speaking, can result in more nitrogen washing into waterways. Perennial bioenergy cropping systems such as switchgrass and miscanthus, however, have the potential to increase nitrogen retention in marginal lands while producing bioenergy that's not in direct competition with food production, Evans said.
"Nitrogen is the most commonly limiting nutrient for plants, which is why fertilizer is often added to cropping systems" she said. "Nitrogen is especially low in marginal lands, which makes it an interesting system. What strategies do plants use to acquire nitrogen? How do plants respond to fertilizer application? We think their interactions with microbes are central to these questions, and will help inform how to manage these lands in the future."
The team will conduct the study at six sites in Michigan and Wisconsin. Along with growing plots of switchgrass and miscanthus, both fertilized and unfertilized, the scientists also will study a blend of five species of native grasses and a mix of 18 species of prairie plants. The idea is to test whether biofuels grow better in a mixed-plant setting or on their own, and whether these lands could be used to provide other ecosystem services, like increased biodiversity or habitat restoration.
In these different systems, the team will focus on how biofuel crops interact with microbes to obtain nitrogen. Recent studies suggest that switchgrass barters with soil bacteria and fungi to obtain its nitrogen. Through their roots, plants give microbes carbon they need and microbes fix nitrogen, taking it from the atmosphere and giving it to plants, Evans added.
"If the plants get nitrogen through fixation, they're giving up carbon - it's an investment," she said. "And it's an expensive one. In the end, we don't know when the investment pays off, and when plants get nitrogen in other ways. But the give and take between microbes and plants is what ultimately determines both the plant's health and the soil's health.
Additional MSU researchers contributing to the study include: Lisa Tiemann, soil biology; Maren Friesen, plant biology; and James Cole, microbial ecology.
"There's a new movement in science, delving into the critical roles that microbes play in everything from human health to how plants survive and thrive," Evans said. "We've pulled together a talented and diverse team to explore the many facets of plant-microbe interactions, which is needed to understand how we will use marginal lands for bioenergy while minimizing any harmful effects to biodiversity, soil health or drinking water."
Michigan State University has been working to advance the common good in uncommon ways for more than 150 years. One of the top research universities in the world, MSU focuses its vast resources on creating solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges, while providing life-changing opportunities to a diverse and inclusive academic community through more than 200 programs of study in 17 degree-granting colleges.


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The deadline is approaching for a PhD studentship from SGSAH as part of the AHRC National Productivity Investment Fund initiative to encourage artificial intelligence research in the arts and humanities. The research is in:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the assessment of data sensitivity in cultural organisations: an exploration of the possibilities and implications in the context of a memory institution, the National Library of Scotland (NLS).
Full details are available at:
_URL_ The deadline for applying is 29 August – the student would be expected to start 1 October 2018.


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|This biography from the Archives of AskART:|
|A painter and major organizer of the Armory Show, Walt Kuhn is perhaps best known for his circus figure-clown depictions. They were unique in that he treated his subjects as human beings conditioned to specialized jobs. He also painted still lifes and some landscapes. He was inspired and influenced by many artists, most notably Paul Cezanne, and like Cezanne, he destroyed many of his canvases, saving only about a dozen paintings a year.|
He was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1877 (some older sources quote 1880 as his year of birth) with the name William, but in 1900 first used the name "Walt" when illustrating magazines in San Francisco. He studied at the Royal Academy in Munich from 1901 to 1903, and returned to New York where he worked as a cartoonist and magazine illustrator.
He was associated with "The Eight", New York modernist painters, and with Arthur B. Davies, was a the key figure in forming the American Association of painters and Sculptors that organized the Armory Show of 1913 that introduced modernist European art to America. Kuhn was executive secretary of the Association and traveled abroad to select entries for the Armory Show.
In 1941, he was granted a press pass to all of the Madison Square Garden performances of the Ringling Brothers Circus, which reinforced his focus on that subject matter.
He also had a major interest in the American West, and between 1918 and 1920 did 29 paintings in a series he called Imaginary History of the West, whose source material was primarily books. In 1936 and 1937, he was commissioned by the Union Pacific Railroad to design the interior of two club cars, The Frontier Shack and Little Nuggett.
Matthew Baigell, Dictionary of American Art
David Michael Zellman, 300 Years of American Art
Peggy and Harold Samuels, The Illustrated Biographical Dictionary of Artists of the American West
|This biography from the Archives of AskART:|
|Born in Brooklyn, NY. Kuhn began his career in 1898 as a cartoonist for a San Francisco newspaper. From 1901-03 he studied in Munich and in Paris at Académie Colarossi. By 1910 he was a successful artist and in 1913 was an organizer of the Armory Show. His painting forte was clowns and circus performers. One year before his death, he suffered a mental breakdown and was institutionalized. He died in New York on July 13, 1949. |
Exh: Beaux Arts Gallery (SF), 1928; SFAA, 1930. In: Brooklyn Museum; Cincinnati Museum; Detroit Inst. of Arts; LACMA; MM; AIC; Boston Museum; MOMA; Whitney Museum (NYC).
Edan Hughes, "Artists in California, _PHONE_"
AAA 1907-08; WWAA 1936-47; NY Times, 7-14-1949 (obit).
|Nearly 20,000 biographies can be found in Artists in California _PHONE_ by Edan Hughes and is available for sale ($150). For a full book description and order information please click here.|
|Biography from Chisholm Gallery:|
Rhys Adams wrote: "There is very little Impressionism or Cubism in
'Polo Game' and quite a bit of Raoul Dufy. There were two oils by Dufy
in the Armory Show, both dating from his best "fauve" period of 1909,
and Walt Kuhn may have seen many more in Paris. With its horizontal bands
and frieze of fluttering flags instead of a sunrise in the background
.... The horses and riders are boldly, clearly drawn, the audience a
Prendergast tapestry of color with a few sharply contoured parasols as
accents. It is both animated and decorative."|
paintings can be confidently assigned to 1914, and one of them, Polo
Game, is Kuhn's first fully post impressionist arrival. The first record
of its exhibition in New York, though it might well have hung along
with works by Davies and Jules Pascin at the Macbeth Gallery in the
spring of 1916, is the Maynard Walker Gallery showing of "Early Works
by Walt Kuhn" in April and May of 1966. John Canaday, in The New York
Times, called the exhibition 'a careful selection of early works by
this American painter who died in 1949, drawing from his estate.
often had trouble deciding just which of several artists he most
admired, and his various decisions en route are reflected in some of
these pictures. But he was always a strong painter never afraid to
declare his loyalties. Filled with collector's items, an exhibition of
Kuhn's polo art is also something of a documentation of American
painting during its transition from provincialism to internationalism
under the impact of the Armory Show.'
John Gruen, in The
Herald Tribune, mentioned Polo Game specifically: 'There are
fascinating stylistic struggles to be observed in such works as 'Tea!
(1923) in which the artist's wife with a lady friend [Brenda] are
painted in a mixture of Cubism and German Expressionism, or the 1914
'Polo Game' which combines pure Impressionism with Post-Impressionism.'
|Biography from Newman Galleries:|
|Walt Kuhn was born in 1877 in New York City. He began his artistic career as a cartoonist for Life, Judge, and Puck. In 1910, he began painting. He was educated at the Academy Colarossi in Paris, and the Munich Academy. He also studied in Holland, Italy, and Spain. When he returned, Kuhn taught at the Art Students' League as well as the New York School of Art.|
Kuhn exhibited at the Harriman Gallery from 1930 to 1941; the Durand-Ruel Gallery from 1943 to 1945; and he had a retrospective exhibition in 1960 at the Cincinnati Art Museum. His works were also shown at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1921.
Kuhn's work is in many private and public collections, including the Dublin Museum in Ireland; the Museum of Modern Art in New York; the Addison Gallery of American Art; the San Francisco Museum of Fine Arts; the Art Institute of Chicago; and the art museums of Denver, Columbus, Los Angeles, Wichita, and Detroit.
As well as being an artist and cartoonist, Kuhn wrote The Story of the Armory Show in 1938, and in 1939, he wrote and produced a motion picture entitled Walt Kuhn's Adventures in Art. In 1913 he and A.B. Davies organized the landmark Armory Show in New York City.
Walt Kuhn died in New York City in 1949.
|** If you discover credit omissions or have additional information to add, please let us know at _EMAIL_.|
Walt Kuhn is also mentioned in these AskART essays:
New York Armory Show of 1913
San Francisco Panama-Pacific Exhibition 1915