text:
Stonehenge builders had geometry skills to rival Pythagoras. Golden
golden ratio and the Stonehenge.
Stonehenge satellite image in Google Earth. Successive Golden Rectangles dividing a Golden Rectangle into squares
Stonehenge builders had geometry skills to rival Pythagoras
May 26, 2008. Source
Independent.co.uk by David Keys
Stone Age Britons had a sophisticated knowledge of geometry to rival Pythagoras – 2,000 years before the Greek "father of numbers" was born, according to a new study of Stonehenge.
Five years of detailed research, carried out by the
Oxford University landscape archaeologist Anthony Johnson, claims that Stonehenge was designed and built using advanced geometry.
The discovery has immense implications for understanding the monument – and the people who built it. It also suggests it is more rooted in the study of geometry than early astronomy – as is often speculated.
Mr Johnson believes the geometrical knowledge eventually used to plan, pre-fabricate and erect Stonehenge was learnt empirically hundreds of years earlier through the construction of much simpler monuments.
He also argues that this knowledge was regarded as a form of arcane wisdom or magic that conferred a privileged status on the elite who possessed it, as it also featured on gold
artifacts found in prehistoric graves.
The most complex geometrical achievement at Stonehenge is an 87-metre diameter circle of chalk-cut pits which mark the points of a 56-sided polygon, created immediately within
the monument's perimeter earthwork.
Mr Johnson used computer analysis and experimental archaeology to demonstrate that this outer polygon was laid out using square and circle geometry. He believes the surveyors started by using a rope to create a circle, then laid out the four corners of a square on its circumference, before laying out a second similar square, thus creating an inner octagon. The points of the octagon were then utilised as anchors for a surveyor's rope which was used to "draw" arcs which intersected the circumference so as to progressively create the sides of a vast polygon.
Indeed, his work has demonstrated that a 56-sided polygon is
the most complex that can easily be created purely through
square and circle geometry using a single piece of rope.
It is likely that this basic limitation determined the number of sides of Stonehenge's outer polygon – and may also have led to the 56-sided polygon concept becoming important within wider European religious belief. Ancient Greek classical mythology associated just such a 56-sided polygon with Zeus's great rival for divine supremacy, the weather god Typhon.
Johnson's research, published as a book this week, shows that Stonehenge derived its design from geometrical knowledge and features no less than six concentric polygons – a 56-sided outer one built around 2950BC; a regular octagon built around 2500BC) inside that; two concentric (though partly inaccurate) 30-sided polygons built around 1650BC, which were based on a series of hexagons; a 30-sided inner polygon (the sarsen stone ring which was built around 2500BC) also based on hexagonal geometry; and two probable 40-sided concentric polygons (probable former blue stone positions built around 2600BC) that were later modified to 30-sided ones. They also created the famous central stone "horseshoe"
utilizing the survey markers used to create the thirty-sided sarsen polygon.
The experimental archaeology demonstrates that most of the monument was pre-planned and that the great stones were pre-fabricated off-site and then installed by surveyor-engineers.
"For years people have speculated that Stonehenge was built as a complex astronomical observatory. My research suggests that, apart from mid-summer and mid-winter solar alignments, this was not the case," said
Mr. Johnson. "It strongly suggests that it was the knowledge of geometry and symmetry which was an important component of the Neolithic belief system."
"It shows the builders of Stonehenge had a sophisticated yet empirically derived knowledge of Pythagorean geometry 2000 years before Pythagoras," he said.
A leading British prehistorian, Sir Barry Cunliffe, from Oxford University,
believes that Anthony Johnson's research is "a major step
forward in solving the puzzle of Stonehenge".
The Golden Rectangle and the
A golden rectangle
is a rectangle whose side lengths are in the golden ratio, one-to-phi, that is, approximately 1:1.618.
A distinctive feature of this shape is that when a square section is removed, the remainder is another golden rectangle, that is, with the same proportions as the first. Square removal can be repeated infinitely, which leads to an approximation of the golden
or Fibonacci spiral.
(0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34...) are a sequence of numbers named after Leonardo of Pisa, known as Fibonacci.
The first number of the sequence is 0, the second number is 1, and each subsequent number is equal to
the sum of the previous two numbers of the sequence itself.


text:
The Liquidity Effect in the Federal Funds Market: Evidence at the Monthly Frequency
43 Pages Posted: 19 Oct 2006
Date Written: July 2006
In this paper, we argue that much of the research into the link between money and interest rates suffers from misspecification. The measure of money and the measure of interest rates are not always well matched. In examining the transmission of monetary policy, we show that using an appropriate measure of money, Federal Reserve balances, and the appropriate interest rate, the federal funds rate, a clear liquidity effect exists. Further, we explain how a lack of a clear institutional understanding may have contributed to the finding of a "liquidity puzzle" in the past.
Keywords: Liquidity Effect, Liquidity Puzzle, Monetary Aggregates
JEL Classification: E43, E52, E58
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Name: Bryan Gardiner
Can you please tell me how many miles per day spawning salmon
travels from the ocean to its destination? I would like to
know how long it takes the salmon to get to the Adams river from the
The actual distance traveled per day by salmon varies from
species to species, but in several samples of Chinook, the
results were as follows:
(the Chinook were going up the Yukon River, then into different
creeks to spawn)
Group 1 - 52 miles/day
Group 2 - 60 miles/day
Group 3 - 47 miles/day
Group 4 - 50 miles/day
All of the numbers from this study are averages.
I hope this helps you find the answer you're looking for!
Thanks for using NEWTON!
Tom F Ihde
Click here to return to the Biology Archives
Update: June 2012

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
This Quote is filled with Quotes on Statecraft.
|This article about politics is a stub. You can help Wikiquote by expanding it.|
- The purpose of democratic statecraft is, or should be, to find the means of ordered liberty in a world condemned to everlasting change.
- Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., The Cycles of American History (1986), p. 422.
- To the political elite, statecraft is predicated on the notion that society is theirs to put into some type of hegemonic order. It is immaterial whether this institutionalized order actually helps society or instead puts it into a chokehold that slowly squeezes the air out of life. To the authorities, supremacy is always the primary objective.
- L.K. Samuels, In Defense of Chaos: The Chaology of Politics, Economics and Human Action, Cobden Press (2013) p. 90


Web Programming
How to setup print option in Laravel
Steps: 1. Select any table with data from the database that you want use for printing. Here students table is selected from the database. 2. Create a controller named PrintController php artisan make:controller PrintController 3. Create a Course model for courses table php artisan make:model Student You can download or use the jquery print plugin from the following […]
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Gestbook Riseingsouthernstar-Africa Radio Eendrag
Truck Accidents
 TRAC N4 SA Roadlink Autozone
Arrive Alive
The Road Traffic Management Corporation [RTMC] has been tasked with compiling and researching crash statistics in South Africa. The importance of the data isn't simply its "statistical significance" but its affect on reducing future accidents.
For a better understanding and awareness of the challenges facing Road Safety in South Africa it is important that these reports be made available to the public and road safety role players - and that they are studied closely.
It is the vision of the arrive alive web site to be an effective information portal for Road Safety, and these Statistical reports should assist journalists and educators to create further awareness.
Tom Tom Route Planner
ER24Ctrack Secure
A truck (North American and Australian English) or lorry (British and Commonwealth English) is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, with the smallest being mechanically similar to an automobile. Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful, and may be configured to mount specialized equipment, such as in the case of fire trucks and concrete mixers and suction excavators. Modern trucks are powered by either gasoline or diesel engines, with diesel dominant in commercial applications. In the European Union vehicles with a gross combination mass of less than 3,500 kilograms (7,716 lb) are known as Light commercial vehicles and those over as Large goods vehicles.
Lean about the NO ZONE
According to a 2009 study, 221 fatal bus accidents occur in a year as opposed to 18, 315 crashes involving cars; public transport is a considerably safe alternative to driving. Even so, accidents involving buses are a growing concern which the Federal Motor Carrier Administration has investigated ( In most cases, an accident will occur due to driver negligence, with 15 out of 19 bus accidents involving a driver at fault. This can include speeding and failing to take bad weather conditions into consideration, driver fatigue, making abrupt lane changes and veering off of the road.
In South Africa there are an average number of 1 500 [reported] truck and bus accidents a year that involve one or more fatalities. Approximately 200 of the fatalities are the actual drivers of the truck or bus.
Unfortunately I cannot find any statistics that cover accidents between trucks/buses and cars. However anyone with common sense will probably note that the drivers and passengers of a car are most likely to come off worst in one of these collisions.
You don't have to be a rocket scientist to work out that a 40 ton truck colliding with a 1½ ton car normally equals
The word "truck" might have come from a back-formation of "truckle" with the meaning "small wheel", "pulley", from Middle English trokell, in turn from Latin trochlea. Another explanation is that it comes from Latin trochus with the meaning of "iron hoop".
In turn, both go back to Greek trokhos (τροχός) meaning "wheel" from trekhein (τρέχειν, "to run"). The first known usage of "truck" was in 1611 when it referred to the small strong wheels on ships' cannon carriages. In its extended usage it came to refer to carts for carrying heavy loads, a meaning known since 1771. With the meaning of "motor-powered load carrier", it has been in usage since 1930, shortened from "motor truck", which dates back to 1916.
"Lorry" has a more uncertain origin, but probably has its roots in the railroad industry, where the word is known to have been used in 1838 to refer to a type of truck (a freight car as in British usage, not a bogie as in the American), specifically a large flat wagon. It probably derives from the verb lurry (to pull, tug) of uncertain origin. With the meaning of "self-propelled vehicle for carrying goods" it has been in usage since 1911
In the United States, Canada and Philippines "truck" is usually reserved for commercial vehicles larger than normal cars including pickups and other vehicles having an open load bed. In Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, the word "truck" is mostly reserved for larger vehicles; in Australia and New Zealand, a pickup truck is usually called a ute (short for "utility"), while in South Africa it is called a bakkie (Afrikaans: "container").
In the United Kingdom, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Ireland and Hong Kong lorry is used instead of truck, but only for the medium and heavy types.
In American English, the word "truck" is often preceded by a word describing the type of vehicle, such as a "fire truck" or "tanker truck". In British English these would be referred to as "fire engine" and "tanker" or "petrol tanker", respectively. In Canada and the United States, "fire engine" is also used.
In Australia and New Zealand, the term 'ute' (short for 'coupé utility') is used to describe a pickup truck with an open cargo carrying space but a front similar to a passenger car, and which requires only a passenger car license to drive.
The concept was developed in 1933 by Lewis Bandt of the Ford Motor Company in Geelong following a request from a Gippsland farmer's wife for a vehicle that they could go to church in on Sunday without getting wet and also use to take the pigs to market on Monday
Please say NO NO NO to Fireworks, please be the voice of our four-legged friends...
(Print these posters and put them up on your office notice boards please)
Say NO to Fireworks Say NO to Fireworks
Arrive Alive
In the United States, a commercial driver's license is required to drive any type of commercial vehicle weighing 26,001 lb (11,794 kg) or more.
The United Kingdom and the rest of Europe now have common, yet complex rules (see European driving licence). As an overview, to drive a vehicle weighing more than 7,500 kilograms (16,535 lb) for commercial purposes requires a specialist licence (the type varies depending on the use of the vehicle and number of seats). For licences first acquired after 1997, that weight was reduced to 3,500 kilograms (7,716 lb), not including trailers.
In Australia, a truck driver's license is required for any motor vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) exceeding 4,500 kilograms (9,921 lb). The motor vehicles classes are further expanded as:
 - LR: Light rigid: a rigid vehicle with a GVM of more than 4,500 kilograms (9,921 lb) but not more than 8,000 kilograms (17,637 lb). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9,000 kilograms (19,842 lb) GVM.
 - MR: Medium rigid: a rigid vehicle with 2 axles and a GVM of more than 8,000 kilograms (17,637 lb). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9,000 kilograms (19,842 lb) GVM. Also includes vehicles in class 'LR'.
 - HR: Heavy Rigid: a rigid vehicle with 3 or more axles and a GVM of more than 8,000 kilograms (17,637 lb)). Any towed trailer must not weigh more than 9,000 kilograms (19,842 lb)) GVM. Also includes articulated buses and vehicles in class 'MR'.
 - HC: Heavy Combination, a typical prime mover plus semi trailer combination.
 - MC: Multi Combination e.g. B Doubles/Road trains.
There is also a heavy vehicle transmission condition for a licence class HR, HC or MC test passed in a vehicle fitted with an automatic or synchromesh transmission, a driver's licence will be restricted to vehicles of that class fitted with a synchromesh or automatic transmission.
To have the condition removed, a person needs to pass a practical driving test in a vehicle with non synchromesh transmission (constant mesh or crash box).
In 2006, the U.S. trucking industry employed 1.8 million drivers of heavy trucks. There are around 5 million truck drivers in India
Truck Accidents
Almost all trucks share a common construction: they are made of a chassis, a cab, an area for placing cargo or equipment, axles, suspension and roadwheels, an engine and a drivetrain. Pneumatic, hydraulic, water, and electrical systems may also be identified. Many also tow one or more trailers or semi-trailers.
The cab is an enclosed space where the driver is seated. A sleeper is a compartment attached to the cab where the driver can rest while not driving, sometimes seen in semi-trailer trucks.
There are several possible cab configurations:
Cab over engine (COE) or flat nose; where the driver is seated above the front axle and the engine. This design is almost ubiquitous in Europe, where overall truck lengths are strictly regulated, but also widely used in the rest of the world as well. They were common in North America, but lost prominence when permitted length was extended in the early 1980s.
To access the engine, the whole cab tilts forward, earning this design the name of tilt-cab. This type of cab is especially suited to the delivery conditions in Europe where many roads follow the layout of much more ancient path, and trackways which require the additional turning capability given by the short wheelbase


Version 73 (modified by chak, 7 years ago) (diff)
Closure conversion without classes
The closure type
We represent closures by
and define closure creation and application as
lam f = const f :$ ()
Overview and invariants
 - For each function definition
 f::ty = e
 create a closure-converted function definition for f_cc, defining the closure-converted version of f, and a definition for f with its original type, that defines it in terms of f_cc:
 f_cc::ty^ = e^
 f::ty = fr iso f_cc
 where ty^ is the closure-converted version of ty, and e^ is the closure-converted version of e.
 - For each data type T, create a closure-converted data type T_CC, whose constructors use (:->) instead of (->).
 - The value iso is a pair of functions, converting to and fro between ty and ty^. Like "^", the iso thing should be considered as a meta-function that works recursively on ty.
 e :: ty implies e^ :: ty^
 to iso :: ty -> ty^
 fr iso :: ty^ -> ty
Conversion status
 3. A converted variant T_CC exists and differs from T.
Converting types
Conversion of type terms
We determine the converted type t^ of t as follows:
T^ = T_CC, if T_CC exists
 = T , otherwise
a^ = a_CC
 or kindOf t2 == #
 = t1^ :-> t2^, otherwise
(t1 t2)^ = t1^ t2^
(forall a.t)^ = forall a_CC.t^
Here some examples,
Conversion constructors
Conversion pairs
Types of convercion constructors
where type conversion t^ is defined below.
As an example, consider
The type of the conversion constructor is as follows :
 forall f f_CC.
 (forall a a_CC.
 T f :<->: T_CC f_CC
The conversion constructor might be implemented as
isoT isof = toT :<->: frT
Moreover, the conversion constructor for function arrows is
iso = isoT , if T_CC exists
 = idIso<*> , otherwise
iso = idIso
 or kindOf t2 == #
 = isoArr , otherwise
 iso iso
idIso<*> = id :<->: id
would work, but it doesn't always. Take this example
data T a = MkT a
unit :: T a -> a
unit (MkT x) = x
-- converted
foo t u = u t 1
-- not converted
bar = foo unit
Here some example conversions:
iso Int> = isoArr isoInt isoInt
 (id :<->: id))
Converting type declarations
Conversion rules
Moreover, we handle other forms of type constructors as follows:
Conversion constructor
Converting data constructors
MkT :: (Int -> Int) -> Int
the converted worker is
For example, when we convert
data Int = I# Int#
we get Int_CC = Int and we have
isoInt :: Int :<->: Int
isoInt = toInt :<->: frInt
 toInt (I# i#) = I# i#
 frInt (I# i#) = I# i#
As another example,
data Maybe a = Nothing | Just a
implies Maybe_CC = Maybe and
isoMaybe isoa = toMaybe :<->: frMaybe
 toMaybe isoa Nothing = Nothing
 frMaybe isoa Nothing = Nothing
Converting classes and instances
As an example, assume Num Int were defined as
class Num a where
 (+) :: a -> a -> a
 negate :: a -> a
instance Num Int where
 (+) = primAddInt
 negate = primNegateInt
with the Core code being
data Num a =
 Num {
 negate :: a -> a
dNumInt = Num Int
dNumInt = Num primAddInt primNegateInt
Then, closure conversion gives us
dNumInt_CC :: Num_CC Int -- as Int_CC = Int
dNumInt_CC = Num_CC
 (to isoIntToIntToInt primAddInt)
 (to isoIntToInt primNegateInt)
 isoIntToIntToInt = isoArr isoInt isoIntToInt
 isoIntToInt = isoArr isoInt isoInt
Converting value bindings
For every binding
f :: t = e
we generate
f_CC :: t^ = e^
f :: t = fr iso f_CC
add :: Num a -> a -> a
we generate
add :: Num a -> a -> a
add = fr isoFun add_CC
 (id :<->: id) 'isoArr'
 (id :<->: id)
add_CC = lam $ \dNum ->
Converting terms
To keep the translation rules simpler, we assume that for every converted data constructor C_CC :: forall t1 ->.. -> tm -> t, there is a conversion wrapper
$WC_CC :: forall t1 :->.. :-> tm :-> t
$WC_CC = /\ -> lam_m (C_CC@a1@..@an)
where the family of functions
lam_1 :: (a1 -> b) -> (a1 :-> b)
lam_1 = lam
lam_n :: (a1 ->.. -> an -> b)
 -> (a1 :->.. :-> an :-> b)
lam_n f =
 lam_(n-1) $
 \x1.. x(n-1) -> uncurry_(n-1) f :$ (x1,.., x(n-1)
turns an n-ary function into an n-ary closure. (NB: This is not the same as (to iso<..>) for that type, as we do not convert the types of the arguments of the function.)
We translate terms as follows:
 | if C_CC exists = $WC_CC
 | if x_CC exists = x_CC
 | otherwise = to iso x
cc[[lit]] = lit
cc[[e@t]] = cc[[e]]_USER_^
cc[[\x -> e]] = (\(y1,.., yn) x_CC -> cc[e]]) :$
 (y1,.., yn)
 y1.. yn = FV e
cc[[/\a -> e]] = /\a -> cc[e]]
cc[let x = e1 in e2] = let x_CC = cc[[e1]] in cc[[e2]]
cc[[case e x::t of alts]]= case cc[[e]] x_CC::t^
 of cc[[alts]]
cc[[e 'cast' t]] = cc[[e]] 'cast' t^
cc[[alt1;..; altn]] = cc[[alt1]];..; cc[altn]]
cc[[default -> e]] = default -> cc[[e]]
cc[[C x1.. xn -> e]]
 | if C_CC exists = C_CC x1_CC.. xn_CC -> cc[[e]]
 | otherwise = C x1.. xn -> cc[[e]]


text:
Ireland and the Irish in America: A Living Musical Tradition
An Exhibit to Accompany the Appearance of Cherish The Ladies
Welcome to the Web portion of the Ireland and the Irish in America exhibit in the Rohrbach Library. The exhibit on the 2nd floor of the library features images, artifacts, and information about the relationship between Ireland and the United States and how that relationship has preserved and enhanced the traditional music of Ireland. Books from the library collection relating to the subjects of Irish history, the Irish in America, and Irish traditional music are included in the exhibit.
This Web site includes a gallery of images from the exhibit, a selected list of resources available in the Rohrbach Library, supplementary information related to portions of the exhibit, and links to the music of more than two dozen active Irish and Irish-American traditional musical artists and groups.
To visit a photo gallery of the exhibit, click here.


text:
Get involved: Send your news, views, pictures and video by texting SUPIC to 80360 or email us.
The hunt is on for the Battle of Lewes
An archaeological dig is to hunt for evidence of the Battle of Lewes.
A pilot project is set to take place this month to scour land at Landport Bottom with metal detectors to search for arrows and artefacts linked to the historic 13th century battle that transformed life in Britain.
Three trenches will be dug in the site as part of the preliminary assessment that archaeologists hope will lead to further excavations in the near future.
Community project the Battle of Lewes Project, Natural England and Sussex Archaeological Society have been working together to try to find firm evidence of the 1264 conflict.
The battle broke out after King Henry III refused to honour an agreement to give power to a council of 24 barons.
The battle saw Henry defeated, made Simon de Montfort the uncrowned King of England, led to the creation of Parliament - and took place just outside Lewes Priory, where Henry was staying.
Lewes district councillors visited the site where the work is set to take place last week.
In a report to the council, the site's community ranger, Dan Ross, said: "The aim will be to establish direct evidence of the Battle of Lewes, by way of metalwork such as arrow heads or other battle trinkets.
"The project involves a small scale pilot study into the feasibility of a larger archaeological investigation into the Battle of Lewes.
"The project, funded by the Battle of Lewes Project, will take place over one day during July."
Specially trained metal detectorists will carry out a systematic assessment of metal content within the soil along three 25-metre routes across the battle site.
Mr Ross said: "Vegetation will only be disturbed in very small divots which will be carefully replaced to prevent damage to the turf."
The Battle of Lewes Project, funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and supported by Sussex Archaeological Society, is preparing for a special celebration to mark the 750th anniversary of the battle in 2014.


text:
Located in Howard County around 130 miles from Little Rock, the town is nestled at the base of the Ouachita foothills. One of the largest dinosaur trackways in the world was discovered a few miles from town. The town was once a major center for peach trade in the state. Today, cattle and chicken farming are the main industries.
Howard County was created in 1873 from parts of Hempstead, Sevier, Polk and Pike Counties. Center Point was the County Seat until 1905, when it was moved to Nashville.
The town once had three railroads, a Missouri Pacific branch from Nashville that ran from Ashdown to Hot Springs. This railroad was broken up in 1922 forming the Graysonia Nashville and Ashdown (GN&A) route which ran from Nashville to Ashdown and the Murfreesboro Nashville Southwestern line (MNSW) from Nashville to Murfreesboro. This later became the Murfreesboro-Nashville railroad which folded in 1952. The GN&A was sold to Kansas City Southern in the early 2000s
A large find of dinosaur trackways (a path of preserved footprints) was discovered in 1983 by an archeology grad student in a mine a few miles from town. The tracks were of sauropods. The trackway, which may be the largest in the world, held between 5,000 and 10,000 assorted tracks and scientists believe the footprints may have been made as long as 100 million years ago in the early Cretaceous period. Reproductions of molds of the footprints are still at several museums in Arkansas. The original trackway is gone and only a few individual tracks were removed and preserved. The trackway is now considered a landmark discovery that influenced both the scientific study of sauropods and other dinosaur trackways.
Around town, there are many spots are for visitors to enjoy. The Howard County Courthouse was built in 1938 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Nashville City Park offers trails to walk. Elberta Arts Center exhibits the works of local artists as well as artists fro all over the state. Southwest Arkansas Super Speedway race track where pure and street stocks, modifieds, sportsman and bombers can race on a three-eighths mile banked clay oval.
Nashville was home to the first Dillard's Department Store. Visitors can see the old building on Main Street where William Dillard began his business. The city is located about 20 miles from Crater of Diamonds State Park. It is also near Historic Washington State Park.


NASA Brings 'Drive to Explore' to Vo-Tech - KSWO, Lawton, OKWichita Falls, TX: News, Weather, Sports. ABC, 24/7, Telemundo -
NASA Brings 'Drive to Explore' to Vo-Tech
Posted: Updated:
LAWTON Okla_ Hundreds of southwest Oklahoma school kids widened their eyes and dropped their jaws Thursday.
NASA and Tinker Air Force Base gave them all an up-close experience at the Great Plains Technology Center that they may never forget. The students got to experience NASA's famous 'Drive to Explore' mobile exhibit, showing them what astronauts see when they travel to outer space. They also got to see and control some of Tinker Air Force Base's most innovative technology.
It's all about science, technology, engineering and mathematics, also known as STEM. NASA said it's cultivating the next generation of critical thinkers and innovators within those four elements to better compete in the world market.
Young space explorers: that's the role these students took on Thursday, even getting the chance to see how astronauts view the earth from outer space by boarding NASA's 'Drive to Explore' mobile exhibit.
Plus, they got to see and touch a 3-billion-year-old moon rock.
"I think it's a pretty nice thing that they setup for all kids to come and learn about space and astronauts and everything," said Sterling High School student Trystin Jarvis said.
NASA, along with Tinker Air Force Base, was invited to Great Plains Tech by Northrop Grumman. The company led a group panel discussing why it's so important to give students like Jarvis hands-on experience in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
"I really truly believe that the community here has so much potential, and the kids are so bright," Northrop Grumman Strategic Relations Representative Sophia Kim said. "That's why STEM education is important, because we need to hire some of these students who are going into these sciences and engineering. The baby boomers are retiring, and who will fill those slots as we go forward?"
If hands-on experience wasn't enough for students, they got to hear it first hand from astronaut Mike Foreman. He's been an astronaut since 1998, first inspired about the career as a young boy growing up in Ohio.
He's been to space twice so far.
"It's just phenomenal to fly into space, to look back at the earth while you're floating there in this space station, and seeing this magnificent planet that we live on," Foreman said. "It's just incredible."
He said he knows his chances to explore space would not have be possible without STEM.
"We need to promote it, so we can continue to produce scientist, technologist, engineers, mathematicians in this country," Foreman said. "We are losing our edge in technology in the world, because, in other countries like India and China, technology is producing more STEM-trained students than we are. So, we need to regain that edge."
According to officials, the United States is currently 17th when it comes to nations producing students involved with STEM. They say they are reaching out globally to find other methods of getting students better interested in science and technology.
One official on Thursday's panel said the goal of STEM is not about global dominance, but raising the level of the nation's education. This way, areas of space and planets untraveled by humans, such as Mars, can become reality.
"We do that by not just creating rigor, we got to create relevance," said Sentry One President Ben Robinson. "Why should we take a tough subject in high school, if there is not a relevant reason to do so? How do we create career pathways and change the conversation from just one of education and a diploma to studying relevant subjects for a career?"
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text:
Warm CO in evolved stars from the THROES catalogue
I. Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of O-rich envelopes⋆
1 Department of Astrophysics, Astrobiology Centre (CSIC-INTA), ESAC campus, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada,Madrid, Spain
2 European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
3 Institute for Solar Physics, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Accepted: 1 August 2018
In this work (Paper I), we analyse Herschel-PACS spectroscopy for a subsample of 23 O-rich and 3 S-type evolved stars, in different evolutionary stages from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) to the planetary nebula (PN) phase, from the THROES catalogue. (C-rich targets are separately studied in Paper II). The broad spectral range covered by PACS (∼55–210 μm) includes a large number of high-J CO lines, from J = 14 − 13 to J = 45 − 44 (v = 0), that allow us to study the warm inner layers of the circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) of these objects, at typical distances from the star of ≈1014–1015 cm and ≈1016 cm for AGBs and post-AGB-PNe, respectively. We have generated CO rotational diagrams for each object to derive the rotational temperature, total mass within the CO-emitting region and average mass-loss rate during the ejection of these layers. We present first order estimations of these basic physical parameters using a large number of high-J CO rotational lines, with upper-level energies from Eup ∼ 580 to 5000 K, for a relatively big set of evolved low-to-intermediate mass stars in different AGB-to-PN evolutionary stages. We derive rotational temperatures ranging from Trot ∼ 200 to 700 K, with typical values around 500 K for AGBs and systematically lower, ∼200 K, for objects in more advanced evolutionary stages (post-AGBs and PNe). Our values of Trot are one order or magnitude higher than the temperatures of the outer CSE layers derived from low-J CO line studies. The total mass of the inner CSE regions where the PACS CO lines arise is found to range from MH2 ∼ 10−6 to ≈10−2 M⊙, which is expected to represent a small fraction of the total CSE mass. The mass-loss rates estimated are in the range Ṁ ∼ 10−7 − 10−4 M⊙yr−1, in agreement (within uncertainties) with values found in the literature. We find a clear anticorrelation between MH2 and Ṁ vs. Trot that probably results from a combination of most efficient line cooling and higher line opacities in high mass-loss rate objects. For some strong CO emitters in our sample, a double temperature (hot and warm) component is inferred. The temperatures of the warm and hot components are ∼400–500 K and ∼600–900 K, respectively. The mass of the warm component (∼10−5–8 × 10−2 M⊙) is always larger than that of the hot component, by a factor of between two and ten. The warm-to-hot MH2 and Trot ratios in our sample are correlated and are consistent with an average temperature radial profile of ∝ r−0.5 ± 0.1, that is, slightly shallower than in the outer envelope layers, in agreement with recent studies.
Key words: stars: AGB and post-AGB / circumstellar matter / stars: mass-loss / planetary nebulae: general / infrared: stars / stars: evolution
Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.
Following the publication of the corrigendum, the article was corrected on November 21, 2018.
© ESO 2018


A Partnership of UConn and Eversource
Eversource Energy Center
Nikolopoulos, Efthymios
Assistant Research Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineeringefthymios-nikolopoulos
What excites you most about your research?
Working on advancing the ability to predict rainfall-induced hazards like floods, debris flows and landslides is a very exciting topic because succeeding in it means that first we have reached a higher level of understanding of the underlying processes of the earth system and second we have produced knowledge and tools that can be used to make our world more resilient to natural catastrophes.
What's the most valuable aspect of your research for people and communities?
Weather related hazards like floods constitute a global threat and affect human lives and infrastructure in multitude ways (disruption of communication and power, population displacement, fatalities etc.) at a global scale. Advancing flood prediction is critical for developing early warning systems, which are needed to allow people and communities to respond effectively to imminent threats. In addition, improving the estimation of magnitude and frequency of those hazards allow us to better design mitigation structures that are used to reduce the risk associated to these hazards and improve livelihood.
Research focus: My work focuses on the integration of remote sensing observations with numerical modeling in order to advance understanding and predictability of water cycle components and weather related hazards. Specific research topics include a) application of state-of-the-art remote sensing precipitation products and distributed hydrologic models for flood prediction b) water resources uncertainty analysis and c) development of prediction models for hydrogeomorphic hazards.
Website: _URL_


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The basic goal in the conservation of vegetation is to rescue and display all the extant vestiges of the camp. Exceptionally salient aspects include maintaining the special arrangement of trees that was used to camouflage the mass killing facilities, in the form of green rows and groups of trees, and even woods.
The conservation of vegetation at the site involves work including
- care for trees and bushes, including historically valuable trees
- care for grassy areas
- weed removal.
In total, the boundaries of the Museum include an area of 191 hectares 9724 m², of which 171 hectares 6146m² comprise the Birkenau site, and 20 hectares 3588m² the Auschwitz I site. The great extent of the grounds means that work is carried out by both Museum employees and outside companies.


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Project: The 7 GUIs - Pyscript
Since its announcement at PyCon 2022, the Python community has been buzzing about PyScript, a framewok for creating and running Python applications in the browser. Below are implementations of 'The 7 GUIs' UI Challanges in PyScript, which hopefully will hopefully be educational for those looking to get into writing Python for the web. (They were certainly educational to create.)
For source code, a build-log, discussion of the examples and how they work, see the accompanying blog post.
Examples are only tested in Chrome on Desktop. Your experience on mobile/touch devices may vary. If you find a glaring error, or you make something cool with PyScript, I want to hear about it!
Description: A label which starts at zero and a button labelled "Count." Pressing the button increments the number in the label by 1.
Core Ideas: Basic interactivity, scaffolding, buttons
PyScript/Python Concepts: Basic browser interaction, PyScript.write()
Temperature Converter(Spec )
Description: Two input boxes, labelled Fahrenheit and Celcius. Typing a number into either immediately updates the other to the corresponding converted temperature. Entering anything other than a number has no effect.
Core Ideas: Bidirectional data flow, user-provided text imput, live-updating in response to input
PyScript/Python Concepts: Atached event listeners to DOM objects, JS proxies, math, function flow
Flight Booker(Spec )
Description:Two input boxes, labelled Departure Date and Arrival Date, along with a selector for One-Way or Round-Trip and a Book Flight button. When One-Way is selected, input to the Departure Date field is disabled. When the Book Flight button is pressed, the user is notified that they have booked a flight for one or both dates, as appropriate. (No data validation is done on the Date fields.)
Core Ideas: Constraints on input (inputs affect each other), additional text handling, options-box
PyScript/Python Concepts: Enabling and disabling inputs, changing innerHTML and innerText
Flight Info will go here
Description: When the program starts, a timer begins, which is shown on both a text label and a visual guage, with a slider and reset button for control. The duration of the timer is adjusted by moving the slider, and pressing the reset button sets the ellapsed time back to zero.
Core Ideas: Concurrency, real-time interaction, responsiveness
PyScript/Python Concepts: Asyncio.sleep(), connected control-flow with and without events, input slider, progress bar
Description: A selection box shows a 'database' of names. Entering a given-name and surname into two text boxes and pressing the 'create' button adds a new entry to the database. Selecting an entry in the database and clicking the 'update' button will change the selected entry to the values currently in the name boxes. Selecting an entry and pressing the 'delete' button will delete that entry. Enterring text into the 'filter-prefix' textbox will filter the presented entries by surname.
Core Ideas: Separating domain and presentation logic, managing mutation, building a non-trivial layout
PyScript/Python Concepts: Managing/sharing state with Python objects, separating data from view, dataclasses
Circle Drawer(Spec )
Description: A blank drawing canvas is created. Left-clicking on the canvas creates an empty circle of a random size centered on the mouse. The circle nearest the mouse is shaded gray. Right clicking opens a custom menu that presents a slider which changes the radius of the shaded circle in realtime. Undo and Redo buttons step forward and backward through creation and resizing operations.
Core Ideas: Undo/redo. Custom drawing, dialog control, realtime interactivity
PyScript/Python Concepts: Canvas, list and index management, dataclasses, actions-as-objects (undo/redo), hiding/showing/positioning custom elements
Description: A spreadsheet is presented to the user, which allows for basic mathematical operations. (+ - / *) Referencing of other cells is not yet implemented.
Core Ideas: Change propagation, widget customization, implementing a more involved/authentic GUI application.
PyScript/Python Concepts: Input focus/defocus management (blur), realtime and input-trigger processing combined, data structures.


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When composing your SMS campaign using a Custom Sender ID a unsub-reply link will be automatically added to your message as shown in the below example:
Once the recipient taps on the unsub-reply link within your message this screen will appear:
Recipients can either tap on the UNSUBSCRIBE button or enter text in the text box and tap on the REPLY button.
NOTE: When a recipient taps on the UNSUBSCRIBE button they will be opted out of receiving future SMS communication.
Viewing your replies
You can view replies to your messages from:
1. Your ACTIVITY > INBOX screen:
2. Your responses tab for your SMS campaign. In ACTIVITY, click on the number representing the number of replies received:
3. Your nominated email account when you have enabled Forward to Email option in your REPLY OPTIONS:


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Intended to assist with Y6 comprehension activities, this pack includes a set of three text extracts with questions accompanying illustrations from the following books:
- Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll
- Dracula by Bram Stoker
- The Hound of the Baskervilles by Arthur Conan Doyle
This download contains one 17-page illustrated PDF featuring three different comprehension challenges, each themed around a different classic text, and a separate answer sheet. Teachers can print off the specific text and questions they require, and use the resulting worksheet to provide a quick burst of comprehension practice – ideal for morning work, short reading sessions or for sparking interest in a particular classic text.
Each challenge includes a brief 300- to 400-word extract from a classic text, alongside a range of reading-related questions that focus on the key skills of inference, information retrieval and vocabulary use.
National Curriculum English programme of study links
Pupils should be taught to participate in discussion about what is read to them, taking turns and listening to what others say, [and] explain clearly their understanding of what is read to them.


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INDICATORS OF CORROSION RESISTANCE OF EQUIPMENT IN VARIOUS AGGRESSIVE ENVIRONMENTS
Ключевые слова:corrosion rate, carbon dioxide compositions, corrosion indicators, carbonate scale deposits
The aggressiveness of the coolant composition is caused by various carbon dioxide -based components, such as CO2, H2CO3, HCO3-, CO32-, OH-, H+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, SO42-, as well as a soluble oxygen molecule and slightly soluble hydrogen sulphide. Such a composition of the coolant, taking into account the indicated ions that are in a dissolved state, it can be said with confidence, is capable of forming and depositing a corrosive composition in the form of scale on the inner surface of pipelines that prevents the free passage of the coolant. Due to the occurrence of electrochemical processes, OH-, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+ products formed near the metal surface of the pipeline are capable of forming and depositing a significant amount of corrosive carbonate sediment on the inner surface of the pipe, causing significant corrosion of the steel surface of the pipeline. Carbonate sediment significantly complicates the passage of the coolant through pipes in heat supply systems.


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The Constitutional Court through Writ for Protection of Fundamental Rights 881 of 2012 established that a person linked through an apprenticeship agreement, who had suffered an accident in development of his/her agreement, was entitled to the reinforced occupational stability guarantee.
¿What is the apprenticeship agreement?
Article 30 of Law 789 of 2002 defined the apprenticeship agreement as a special form within the Labor Law, through which an individual develops practical theoretical formation in an authorized entity and in exchange a sponsor enterprise grants the funds to acquire methodic and complete professional formation required for the profession, activity or occupation and this implies to the performance within the administrative, business operative or financial management within the ordinary course of the enterprise activities, for any determined time not exceeding two (2) years.
¿Which is the remuneration in an apprenticeship agreement?
The remuneration in this type of agreement is called maintenance support, which may not be deemed as salary. The minimum amount for the maintenance support, in the teaching phase would be of 50% of a minimum salary and in the practical phase of the agreement of 75% of a minimum salary.
¿What does the Colombian law establish vis-à-vis the reinforced stability of apprentices?
The provisions ruling the apprenticeship agreement does not expressly provide anything regarding the reinforced stability right of apprentices that have suffered a loss in their labor capacity during the practical phase of formation.
¿What does the Constitutional Court establish vis-à-vis the legal vacuum?
The Constitutional Court deemed that this legal vacuum shall be resolved according to article 8 of Law 153 of 1887, pursuant to which "When there is no law exactly applicable to the controversial case, the laws ruling cases or similar matters shall be applied".
The Court applies the above mentioned provision and assimilates the apprenticeship agreement to the labor agreement since both have common elements, such as the personal rendering of a service, the subordination and the remuneration (called salary in the labor agreement and maintenance support in the apprenticeship agreement).
Consequently, the similarities between both agreements are sufficient reasons to affirm that not existing a law regarding the reinforced stability of apprentices that have lost a percentage of their labor capacity, the laws ruling these situations in the labor agreements shall be applied in an analogous manner.
¿What is reinforced labor stability?
Article 26 of Law 361 of 1997 refers to the reinforced stability as the protection that limited individuals have, due to which they can not be dismissed or their labor agreement terminated by virtue of their limitation, unless there exists authorization from the Ministry of Labor.
¿How does the reinforced stability in the apprenticeship agreements operate?
The mentioned decision ordered for the concrete case, the rehiring of the plaintiff to the company to the position he was occupying, provided his physical disability does not hinder the performance of the activities of the function for which he was hired. If his physical disability would hinder the performance of the entrusted activities, the company shall relocate him in another position compatible with his abilities and in coordination with SENA, offer to him an occupational formation that the actor would require.
This protection shall be enforceable until the Ministry of Labor authorizes the termination of the relationship with the apprentice or until the compliance of the maximum term of duration of the apprenticeship agreements of two (2) years. To calculate this term, the Court only took into account the time of relationship of the apprentice in the practical phase.
Tel. (57-1) _PHONE_


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Narrator: This is Science Today. The ORTEC Fission Meter is the first portable neutron detector that can distinguish between fissile and non-fissile neutron sources in real time. The suitcase-sized detector uses technology developed by researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Staff physicist Phil Kerr describes how it can be used.
Kerr: There typically is a program called reach back, where first responders might have a smaller detector that maybe detects neutrons and/or gamma rays. They can report some suspicious event or some suspicious package or maybe a facility that has elevated count rate. They can then send that application to the reach back, which are groups of people that are generally located within the national laboratory system. If that information indicates that there may be something there that is of interest, such as a neutron source or a gamma ray source that really shouldn't be there, a team would go out and they would carry a number of pieces of equipment - the fission meter could be one of those.
Narrator: For Science Today, I'm Larissa Branin.


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East Asian Art
Lidded Sutra Box with Design of Peonies, Leafy Fronds, and Long-Tailed BirdsMade in Japan, Asia
Momoyama Period (_PHONE_), Late 16th century
Artist/maker unknown, Japanese
Black lacquer on wood with gold lacquer decoration
Currently not on view
2002-197-1a,bPurchased with the Hollis Family Foundation Fund, 2002
LabelThis box was made to contain sutras, the sacred texts of Buddhism. The gold lacquer motif on the lid and sides is the so-called hosoge karakusa pattern: the imaginary hosoge (jewel-faced flower) is probably based on the peony and is closely associated with Buddhism, while karakusa (Chinese grasses) refers to the vine motifs that originated with the early Buddhist implements imported to Japan in the sixth century. The floral design was created by sprinkling a light layer of gold dust on a ground of black lacquer.


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Catholic Symbols Explained
Every religion has its sacred symbols, and Catholicism may have more symbols than other religions. The cross that represents what Jesus suffered for his followers is a common Christian symbol, but Catholics take it a step further and add a representation of Christ's body to the cross and call it a crucifix. The more common symbols used by the Catholic faithful are explained in the following list:
The crucifix: The crucifix is a typically Catholic symbol, a cross bearing an image of Jesus being crucified. The graphic symbol of the crucifix became predominant in the Western Church to remind Catholics that Jesus was true man as well as true God and that his suffering and death were very real and painful. The crucifix reminds Catholics of the high price paid for humankind's sins and inspires believers to repent of their sins and be grateful for the salvation obtained by Jesus' death on the cross.
Holy water: Water blessed by a priest, bishop, or deacon, holy water is a sacramental — a religious object or action created by the Catholic Church as opposed to those instituted by Jesus himself. Holy water is used as a symbolic reminder of Baptism. On entering or leaving a church, Catholics dip their right hand, usually with two fingers, into a font, a cup of holy water on a wall near the doors of the church, and make the sign of the cross.
Non-Catholics may think of holy water as the stuff that burned the face of the possessed 12-year-old in the movie The Exorcist. Holy water can be used to drive out demons; so on rare occasions the Church uses it for that purpose.
Anytime a priest or deacon blesses a religious article, such as rosary beads, a statue, or a medal of one of the saints, he sprinkles holy water on the object after saying the prayers of blessing.
The rosary: Before Christianity, Hindus strung beads and used them to help count their prayers. Buddhists, Taoists, and Muslims have also used prayer beads to assist them in their private devotions. Hebrews used to tie 150 knots on a string to represent the 150 Psalms of the Bible. According to pious Catholic tradition, in the 13th century, Mary, the Mother of God, appeared to St. Dominic de Guzman, gave him a rosary, and asked that instead of praying the Psalms on the beads or knots, the faithful pray the Hail Mary, Our Father, and the Glory Be. Today, most Catholics use the five-decade Rosary. (A decade refers to ten Hail Marys preceded by the Our Father and ending with a Glory Be.)
Scapulars and medals: Catholics often wear special religious articles, such as medals and scapulars, as a type of personal devotion. Scapulars are worn around the neck and have two pieces of cloth — one piece rests on the chest and the other on the back.
These items aren't considered good luck charms, magical amulets, or the like. Catholics don't believe that medals and scapulars prevent sickness or stop you from sinning. And they're not a get-out-of-hell-free card. Catholics use them as mere reminders to stay close to God and to try to imitate the sanctity and holiness of the saints. They're just tangible symbols of the faith, such as a crucifix.Scapulars are good reminders of prayer and faith.


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Visibility isn't a one time thing. It's a journey. There are layers. With each layer you travel through you lean into a deeper level of understanding about yourself and you are seen for more and more of the truth of yourself.
In today's video I speak about 4 specific layers we move through:
- Wanting to be seen in order to be acknowledged for who we are and what we do
- Wanting to be heard so that we might be better understood for our opinions and ideas
- Wanting to be valued – seen for more of the truth of yourself, as different from others, as special, as unique
- Turning inward to see the truth of yourself and then allowing that to be seen by the world.
We cycle through these layers at different times in our life. Various circumstances and experiences looping us through them. In the video I explain them in more detail and I talk about the gift you can give yourself as you're cycling through each layer. Check it out here:


Raising Winter Chicks Part 2
In the last post on raising winter chicks, we talked about the benefits of starting chicks in the winter This post will touch on a few of the concerns people sometimes have about winter chicks: heating requirements, when you can move the chicks out of the brooder, and shipping chicks during cold, winter weather
The Cons of Raising Chicks in the Winter
 1. Where will you keep your chicks?
You will need to consider that baby chicks need a lot of heat, with temperatures around 90F for the first week, and slowly decreasing as


HL7 Terminology
2.1.17 - Continuous Process Integration (ci build)
CodeSystem: Consent Action Codes
Defining URL:_URL_
Title:Consent Action Codes
Status:Draft as of 2021-05-12T03:08:03+00:00 (Standards Status: Draft)
This value set includes sample Consent Action codes.
Committee:Community Based Collaborative Care
This is an example set.
OID:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.1.1227 (for OID based terminology systems)
Value Set:_URL_ ( is the value set for all codes in this code system)
Source Resource:XML / JSON / Turtle
This code system _URL_ defines the following codes:
collect CollectGather retrieved information for storage
access AccessRetrieval without permitting collection, use or disclosure. e.g., no screen-scraping for collection, use or disclosure (view-only access)
use UseUtilize the retrieved information
disclose DiscloseTransfer retrieved information
correct Access and CorrectAllow retrieval of a patient's information for the purpose of update or rectify
2020-10-14reviseGrahame GrieveVocabulary WGReset Version after migration to UTG


How do you start a personal statement for medical school?
How do you start a personal statement for medical school?
How to Write a Personal Statement for Medical School
 1. Write, re-write, let it sit, and write again!
 2. Stay focused.
 3. Back off the cliches.
 4. Find your unique angle.
 5. Be interesting.
 6. Show don't tell.
 7. Embrace the 5-point essay format.
 8. Good writing is simple writing.
What is the personal statement for medical school?
The purpose of a personal statement is to report the events that inspired and prepared a premed to apply to medical school, admissions experts say.
How many pages is 5300 characters?
1.5 pages
Is there a lot of writing in med school?
There is A LOT of writing for medical school applications, which extends far beyond that perfect personal statement of your dreams. Don't be lax and shortsighted, or you'll find yourself drowning in pages of unfinished drafts.
Do you write a lot of papers in medical school?
Agree. While med schools have fairly negligible numbers of papers compared to, say, law, this is a career that for many will involve papers, presentations, publications, lectures, speeches and the like.
Why is handwriting bad?
Who are the richest doctors?
6 billionaire doctors in the US have a combined net worth of…
 - Thomas Frist, MD. Founder of HCA Healthcare: $11.6 billion.
 - Patrick Soon-Shiong, MD. Inventor of Abraxane, owner NantWorks, Los Angeles Times and San Diego Tribune: $6.7 billion.
 - Phillip Frost, MD. Inventor and CEO of Opko Health: $2.4 billion.
 - Gary Michelson, MD.
 - James Leininger, MD.
 - George Yancopoulos, MD, PhD.
What is the highest paid doctor?
 - Neurosurgery — $746,544.
 - Thoracic surgery — $668,350.
 - Orthopedic surgery — $605,330.
 - Plastic surgery — $539,208.
 - Oral and maxillofacial — $538,590.
 - Vascular surgery — $534,508.
 - Cardiology — $527,231.
 - Radiation oncology — $516,016.
Which country pays doctors most?
10 Countries With The Highest Doctors Salaries In The World
 - Belgium.
 - Ireland.
 - United Kingdom.
 - France.
Do doctors earn more in UK or US?
Doctors in the US earn more than 3 times as UK doctors.
Which country pays doctors least?
What are the lowest paid doctors?
The 10 Lowest-Paid Specialties
 - Pediatrics: $232,000.
 - Public Health/Preventive Care: $232,000.
 - Family Medicine :$234,000.
 - Diabetes & Endocrinology: $236,000.
 - Infectious Diseases: $246,000.
 - Internal Medicine: $251,000.
 - Rheumatology: $262,000.
 - Psychiatry: $268,000.
Which country has the best doctors and hospitals?
 2. United Kingdom.
 3. Germany.
 4. France.
 5. Switzerland.
 6. Canada.
 7. Italy.
 8. Australia.
Which country is it hardest to become a doctor?
The hardest countries to become a doctor are the U.S. and Canada, because they both require completion of an undergraduate degree first, scoring highly on the MCAT and completing Medical School.
What's the easiest doctor to become?
 1. 1 | Family Medicine.
 2. 2 | Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.
 3. 3 | Anesthesiology.
 4. 4 | Pediatrics.
 5. 5 | Psychiatry.
 6. 6 | Emergency Medicine.
Which doctor degree is easiest?
Dermatology: Here you have to deal with diagnosing and treating skin diseases. By no means is this any easier than the other specialties, but it has a few perks that could work in your favour. Dermatology is such a vast practice that it increases the chances of you finding a sub-specialty that suits you.
What is the easiest surgeon to become?
What is the richest type of surgeon?
Anesthesiologists are paid more than any other type of doctor. Here are the top 15 highest-paying jobs for medical doctors, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and their average salaries in 2019.
What type of surgeon makes the most money?
What is the hardest surgery to perform?
7 of the most dangerous surgeries
 - Thoracic aortic dissection repair.
 - Oesophagectomy.
 - Spinal osteomyelitis surgery.
 - Bladder cystectomy.
 - Gastric bypass.
 - Separation of conjoined twins.
Why is the operating room so cold?
The temperature in the operating room The reason it's so cold is due to the surgical lights in the room. They provide a lot of heat over the surgical table. These head-lights provide additional heat which is why the room will be at a lower temperature than AORN standards.
What is the most intense surgery?
Removal of a part of the large intestine The most burdensome emergency surgery in the U.S. was surgery to remove a part of the large intestine. There were 138,992 operations to remove a part of the large intestine, also called the colon, between 2008 and 2011, according to the study.
What surgery takes the longest to heal?
These procedures below do take the longest to recover.
 - Liposuction (up to three months)
 - Tummy Tuck (2-3 months)
 - Facelift (two months)
 - Breast Reduction (two months)
 - Breast Augmentation (six weeks)
 - Rhinoplasty (six weeks)
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text:
Millettia championii Benth.
Millettia cognata Hance
Millettia kiangsiensis Z.Wei
Millettia purpurea Yatabe
Millettia reticulata Benth.
Common Name: Ji Xue Teng
Callerya reticulata is a deciduous climbing shrub, producing several stems that can be from 2 - 12 metres long. The stems support themselves by twining[
The plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine, being gathered from the wild. It is also a source of rotenone, used as an insecticide.
Millettia and related species in general contain a range of toxic substances, especially isoflavones. Rotenone is probably the best known of these isoflavones and it is found especially in the seeds and roots of the plants. Rotenone is often used locally as a fish poison - the rotenone kills or stuns the fish making them easy to catch, but the fish remain perfectly safe for warm-blooded creatures to eat. Rotenone is classified by the World Health Organization as moderately hazardous. It is mildly toxic to humans and other mammals, but extremely toxic to many insects (hence its use as an insecticide) and also to aquatic life, including fish. This higher toxicity in fish and insects is because the lipophilic rotenone is easily taken up through the gills or trachea, but not as easily through the skin or the gastrointestinal tract. The lowest lethal dose for a child is 143 mg/kg, but human deaths from rotenone poisoning are rare because its irritating action causes vomiting. Deliberate ingestion of rotenone, however, can be fatal.
The compound decomposes when exposed to sunlight and usually has an activity of six days in the environment.
Millettia species often also contain other potentially toxic compounds, especially saponins and alkaloids[
E. Asia - southern China, Taiwan, Vietnam.
Damp shady places[
]. Thickets on slopes and in valleys, thickets by streams, at elevations from 100 - 1,200 metres[
|Other Uses Rating||
A plant of the warm temperate to tropical zones, it tolerates temperatures down to between -5 and -10°c and down to about -15°c when given the protection of a warm sunny wall[
Succeeds in full sun in a fertile moisture-retentive but well-drained soil[
This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby[
Ji Xue Teng is classified in Chinese herbalism as a plant that invigorates the blood. It is used mainly to treat menstrual problems, relieving pain and normalizing an irregular or absent cycle[
The roots and the vines are emmenagogue and stomachic[
]. A decoction is used in the treatment of stomach aches, breathlessness, anaemia in women, menstrual irregularities, vaginal discharge (bloody discharge and leucorrhoea), numbness and paralysis, backache and pain in the knees, seminal emission, gonorrhoea and stomach ache[
The plant is used as a tonic to induce the growth of red blood cells[
The plant contains the antitumour compound rotenone[
The plant contains rotenone, which is used as an insecticide[
Pre-soak the seed for 12 hours in warm water and sow in a greenhouse in spring. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.
Layering in spring.
Cuttings of half-ripe wood with the leaves removed, mid summer in moist sand in a frame[


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Nalini Nadkarni: The tree-climbing scientist who brings plants to prison
Scientist teaches inmates about conservation, sustainability
Nalini Nadkarni is a pioneer in tree canopy research and co-founder of the Sustainability in Prisons Project, which aims to teach inmates about ecology.
Why you've heard of her: You probably haven't. Unless you're a tree-climbing scientist or an inmate in Washington state (more on that soon). Oh - or you may have seen "Heroes of the High Frontiers," an Emmy-winning National Geographic film. She's in that. Or maybe you were one of the lucky few to get your hands on the "Tree Top Barbie Doll" she developed.
Why she matters: She helps bring science to the masses. Not only is she conducting groundbreaking research from the mysterious and under-researched tops of 200-foot-tall trees, she also has made it her mission to share her wisdom about science and nature with everyday people. One stark example: In 2002, she helped launch Washington's Sustainability in Prisons Project, a collaboration between the state department of corrections and The Evergreen State College. Scientists visit prisons and teach inmates about conservation, sustainability, and enlist them in research projects like raising prairie plants and rearing endangered butterflies. Nadkarni is working to develop a similar prison program with the Utah Department of Corrections.
Why she thinks prisoners need to know about plants: "I think prisoners, as all of us, need to learn about sustainability because it's about being mindful of one's life, about being mindful of limited resources, and of taking action and participating in conserving those," she said. "And I think in the case of many people, and especially many inmates who have acted irresponsibly in one way or another, a lot of that has been about lack of mindfulness, about not knowing what the consequences of one's actions... And so, by offering the opportunity to prisoners to say, you know, you need to hoe this garden, you need to water it carefully, you need to watch out for the bugs that are going to be attacking the things that you are growing and tending, well, that gives them a sense of responsibility. It might give some skills when they get back out."
What she does when she's not in prison: As director of the Center for Science and Mathematics Education at the University of Utah, she started a "Sports and Science" program, enlisting university athletes to show kids they don't have to choose between biology and ball. Nadkarni is also working to bring science projects to assisted living homes and to refugee kids in after-school programs.
On her wide-ranging impact: Nadkarni's Sustainability in Prisons Project is currently in all twelve Washington state prisons with about 500 inmates participating in research and conservation programs such as composting, gardening, recycling and beekeeping. The composting and recycling activities have saved one prison about $180,000 dollars a year, according to its superintendent.
Oh, she's a dancer, too: Nalini double majored in biology and modern dance and was torn between the two. While she was working as an apprentice at a field station in Papa New Guinea she realized nature was her true love, and by becoming a biologist she'd have more to contribute.
And she was in Playboy: It's not quite what you're thinking, though. Nalini was clothed. She made a 2010 Playboy list of the most interesting and imaginative college professors in the United States.
On the first tree she climbed: A self-described "HinJew," Nadkarni was one of five kids raised by a Hindu father and an Orthodox Jewish mother. Whenever she felt overwhelmed and needed refuge from her chaotic household, she'd climb a nearby maple tree.
Why she's so dedicated to her work: "I have felt this increasing sense of urgency to inspire more students to get the word out, to get more funding to somehow mobilize people and myself and my colleagues to understand what's up here, to document what's up here (in the forest canopy) because we're losing it. I feel like I just can't stop (working). I can't stop. I have to work harder to make new programs, to reach new audiences, and ultimately have every single person in the world connected to nature in a way that they will take better care of it."
Copyright 2012 by CNN NewSource. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Texas Business reports: Later-generation Mexican Americans are making more economic progress than previous studies show, according to new research from The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Colorado, Denver.
The study, conducted by Stephen Trejo, associate professor of economics and associate director of the Population Research Center at The University of Texas at Austin, and Brian Duncan, associate professor of economics at the University of Colorado, Denver, is published in the April issue of the Journal of Labor Economics.
Contrary to previous studies that have raised concerns about the social and economic progress of Mexican Americans, the researchers found this rapidly growing minority group is gaining upward mobility at a faster rate than U.S. Census figures suggest.
According to the study, a sizable fraction of successful Mexican Americans has gone unnoticed in measures of attainment because they do not classify themselves as Mexican in government surveys.
Trejo said he hopes findings from this study will lead to revisions in how the U.S. Census Bureau collects its data to more accurately reflect economic progress among ethnic groups.
The researchers found the shift in ethnic identity is particularly strong for children of intermarriages between Mexican Americans and non-Mexicans. And as intermarriage rates continue to increase among this group, later generations are more likely to classify their ethnicity as something other than Mexican, Trejo said.
To measure the loss of ethnic identity among U.S.-born Mexican-American children, the researchers primarily analyzed data from the Current Population Survey, a monthly survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau that measures household demographics and labor force characteristics. For children living with both parents, these data indicate how many of each child's parents and grandparents were born in Mexico, which provides an objective means of identifying the descendants of Mexican immigrants.
According to the findings:
Mexican-American youth with intermarried parents have substantially higher educational attainment and better English skills than youth with two parents of Mexican descent.
Thirty percent of third-generation Mexican-American children are not identified as Mexican in U.S. government surveys. This ethnic attrition arises primarily because of intermarriage, Trejo said.
The high school dropout rate among third-generation Mexicans is 25 percent higher when the sample is limited to those youth who self-identify as Mexican.
"Our research highlights serious problems with trying to track the socioeconomic progress of these immigrant descendants using standard measures of racial and ethnic self-identification," Trejo said. "Much more could be learned about these important groups if information regarding the countries of birth of each respondent's parents and grandparents were collected in large government surveys like the census or the American Community Survey."


text:
Hands are one of the first places where the telltale signs of aging become apparent. Even if you have taken steps to keep your face and neck looking youthful, sun-damaged, veiny, wrinkled hands can make you look older than you are. There are a number of effective techniques to rejuvenate your hands, improving the quality and texture of your skin, while decreasing the wrinkling and prominent veins.
When to Consider Hand Rejuvenation
If your hands would benefit from improved skin tone and color
If your hands are wrinkled and thin
If your hands have age spots
If your hands have prominent veins and tendons because of volume loss
A wide variety of options are available for rejuvenating your hands
After rejuvenation your hands will be smoother and fuller and your veins will be far less prominent.
Your hands will have a more youthful appearance
Multiple procedures might be required to obtain the best results
Hands may be swollen, bruised and stiff after treatment, which will limit activity
If you have a history of impaired healing, such as diabetes, ongoing sun exposure and smoking (or exposure to secondhand smoke) you will see a less dramatic initial result and a shorter lasting result
Am I a good candidate for hand rejuvenation?
The following are some common reasons why you may want to consider hand rejuvenation:
Your hands have prominent veins and tendons because of volume loss
Your hands are wrinkled and thin
Your hands have age spots
Your hands would benefit from improved skin tone and color


text:
In museums around the world, reproductions of Neandertals sport striking blue or green eyes, pale skin, and gingery hair. Now new DNA analysis suggests that two of the most closely studied Neandertals—a pair of females from Croatia—were actually brown-eyed girls, with brunette tresses and tawny skin to match. The results could help shed new light on the evolution of the family that includes both modern humans and Neandertals, who died out some 30,000 years ago.
The study has provoked deep skepticism among several outside researchers, however, who criticize numerous aspects of its methodology. The results also run contrary to other genetic evidence and to a long-held hypothesis that Neandertals, who lived mostly in northern latitudes, must've had light skin to get enough vitamin D.
But even scientists who have doubts about the new research say it still provides food for thought. "Neandertals occupied a wide geographical range," says John Hawks of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, who was not involved in the study and who is also studying the physical traits of ancient humans, so "it's likely that they were variable in pigmentation. … We are really at the first step." Read more.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
How can you make a specific action based on the url by base.html?
I have two if -clauses as context statements in base.html. If there is algebra in the GET, then the given context should be shown.
My url.conf
from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
urlpatterns = patterns('',
 (r'^algebra/$', 'algebra'),
 (r'^mathematics/$','mathematics'),
My base.html in pseudo-code
 {% if algebra %}
 ... -- do this --
 {% endif %}
 {% if math %}
 {% endif %}
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2 Answers
up vote 1 down vote accepted
An alternative to Ned's variable-value-based method is to use two different templates that extend a common base template. E.g.
In templates/base.html:
 {% block main_body %}
 {% endblock main_body %}
 etc., etc.
Then have your algebra view use templates/algebra.html:
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block main_body %}
 do algebra stuff here
{% end block main_body %}
and do something similar for math or whatever. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. Pick the one that feels like the best fit to your problem.
Update: You pass "algebra.html" as the first argument to render_to_response(). It extends "base.html" in that it uses all of it except for the block(s) it explicitly replaces. See Template Inheritance for an explanation of how this works. Template inheritance is a very powerful concept for achieving a consistent look and feel across a large number of pages which differ in their body, but share some or all of the menus, etc. And you can do multi-level template inheritance which is extremely nice for managing sites that have subsections which have significant differences with the "main look" and yet want to share as much HTML/CSS as possible.
This is a key principle in DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) in the template world.
share|improve this answer
What is your view -method? Is it def common_view(request): ctx = Context(); return_to_response("base.html", ctx)? – Masi Jan 5 '10 at 4:04
add comment
You don't show your view functions, but here's a simple structure:
def algebra(request):
 return common_view(request, algebra=True)
def math(request):
 return common_view(request, math=True)
def common_view(request, math=False, algebra=False):
 ctx = Context()
 ctx['algebra'] = algebra
 ctx['math'] = math
 # blah blah, all the other stuff you need in the view...
 return render_to_response("base.html", ctx)
(I might have some typos, it's off the top of my head).
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text:
Social Media Audit for Teens
Did you know more than 50% of colleges view the social media profiles of prospective students? Or that 60% of employers are using social media to research job candidates? What impression do colleges and potential employers get when they view your social media accounts?
This social media audit will give you:
- A social media audit
- Individualized video (MP4) report noting positives for your account
- Individualized video (MP4) and PDF report noting any items that need to be cleaned up or addressed
- Guidance for how to address issues and what to avoid moving forward


Raytheon Company awards Carmel Valley brothers scholarships
Solana Pacific sixth-grader Arjun Nichani and his brother, Carmel Valley Middle School eighth-grader Eshaan Nichani received scholarships from Raytheon Company, two of only 150 middle school students in the country to receive the honor.
Eshaan and Arjun Nichani
The students were each awarded $1,000 scholarships to be used for a math, science or technology camp or program, or the scholarship can be saved for college.
Additionally, both Arjun and Eshaan's schools will be rewarded with a matching grant from Raytheon. Raytheon has awarded $300,000 to schools and students across the country as part of its MathMovesU program, an initiative designed to engage middle school students in math and science,
For more information on MathMovesU scholarships, visit


text:
Freeway Traffic Modeling and Control
The control of motorway networks provides great opportunities to prevent traffic jams and to reduce traffic emissions and fuel consumption.
The control design is based on macroscopic models which consider traffic as a compressible fluid and the flow is described using loop detector measurements of the traffic variables (i.e. traffic flow [veh/h], traffic density [veh/km], traffic mean speed [km/h]). These continuum models rely on the conservation law of vehicles and offer a basis for control design to avoid possible traffic jams, traffic shockwaves and the reducing of traffic emissions and consumption.
The most important control measures:
- dynamic speed limits: restricting flow speed, local capacity drop can be handled and traffic breakdown can be prevented.
- ramp metering: control of ramp flow merging the main lane provides opportunity for traffic flow stabilization.
With the joint use of these tools a multicriteria control can be designed in order to optimize travel times, fuel consumption and emissions.


On the Subject of Diffusion
Solving a solution. That's a strange thing to say.
The module displays 12 coloured liquid compartments that can contain some concentration of solution A (red) and solution B (blue). However, diffusion happened and for each compartment some of the liquid has been shared among neighbouring compartments. To solve the module, find out what the initial configuration was of the solutions.
Highlighting a compartment will return some information about it on the central display. The two digits at the top are the concentrations of solution A and B respectively, ranging from 0 to 4. The character at the bottom shows your current entry for that compartment, being A, B, or neither, which is labeled as 0. This value can be changed by pressing the compartment.
The module started with compartments being filled with the highest concentration (4) of A, B, or neither. Now one iteration of diffusion occurred.
Diffusion goes as follows: Each square gives a quarter of its concentrations to its neighbouring cells and keeps half of the concentrations to itself.
Usually only one solution appears, but any valid solution will be accepted. This module automatically solves upon entering a valid solution and does not strike.
All possibilities
A\B 0 1 2 3 4
0 000 00B/B00 B0B/0B0 0BB/BB0 BBB
1 A00/00A B0A/A0B AB0/0BA ABB/BBA


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Archive for January, 2012
January 16th, 2012
William Lane Craig's "Reflections on 'Uncaused Beginnings'"–A Review
by Max Andrews
Review of William Lane Craig's "Reflections on 'Uncaused Beginnings,'" Faith and Philosophy 27 (2010): 72-78.
In William Lane Craig's reflections on Graham Oppy's recent critiques of the cosmological argument[1], particularly kalam, Craig finds his arguments to lack serious considerations of a temporal order of causation and that the metaphysical theorizing of modality and causation are ambiguous and lack rigor. Oppy's argument is based on what an "initial state" of the universe is and its essential properties. His initial state is ambiguous but Craig explicates Oppy later in his critique.
January 12th, 2012
Theology Thursday: Paul Tillich
by Max Andrews
Theologian: Paul Tillich (_PHONE_)
General summary of his theology: Tillich's reasoning tends to reflect the romanticism of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and is intuitive rather than excursive. He expressed a theme of the relationship between the infinite and the finite. The infinite is known as the infinite only in relation to the finite. Tillich also incorporated symbolism. Any finite thing may have the double capacity to be both what it is and to participate in and point beyond itself to the infinite. This is not to say that he didn't think systematically as well.
According to Tillich, religion comes by means of a systematic use of paradox. Religion is the state of being ultimately concerned or that which concerns us ultimately our being or not being at all. Religion must always be translated into political action. This is not being who I am or where I am, but, being or not being at all. This has to do with the absolute abyss of negativity and nothingness.
January 11th, 2012
Word of the Week Wednesday 1/11/12
by Max Andrews
The Word of the Week is: Quantum-Logic
Definition: An interpretation of quantum mechanics developed by John von Neumann in the late 1930's. Quantum logic says that everyday logic cannot be applied to the quantum world. Contrary to Boolean logic, quantum logic says that and and either do not have the same meaning in the quantum world.
More about the term: This interpretation isn't known to be deterministic or indeterministic. That is still up for debate. However, there is no collapse of the wave function. Also, local causation is uncertain as well. There is little debate on the issue but the majority understanding of this is that it has a unique history (contrary to other non-collapse interpretations like Many Worlds). When using Boolean logic to assess quantum logic it may seem that quantum logic is self-contradictory; however, if quantum logic is assessed internally it is indeed consistent. The major problem for this system is extrapolating applied logic. Boolean logic is certainly valid in everyday life but is invalid in the quantum world. One way or another it seems that contradictions may arise somewhere along the way. For more information see John Gribbin's Q is for Quantum.
Example of use: Consider the double slit experiment where a photon is shot at a wall with two slits and the photon goes through either one (or both). So, because there is no wave collapse the photon actually goes through both slits. There's a different logical significance in this experiment.
January 4th, 2012
Evolution, the Bible, and the 3.5 Million Dollar Violin
by Max Andrews
The following is a guest blog post by Jeff G. Jeff is a 24-year-old student studying biblical theology at North Park University in Chicago. He hopes to go on to grad school and get a Ph.D. in the field of biblical theology, if that is where God wants him.
It was 7th grade biology class, and we began to learn the theory of evolution. The evidence seemed absolutely clear to me—evolution was an undeniable fact. I picked up my bible and compared what I read to what I learned in my biology class. The accounts seemed clearly contradictory. It didn't take much time for me to conclude that all of Christianity was a sham. I will come back to this in a bit, but first, do me a favor and let me tell you another story…
In January of 2007, world-renowned violin virtuoso Joshua Bell took his 3.5 million dollar violin to the Washington D.C. metro station to play some songs as a street musician. Dressing modestly in a baseball cap, jeans, and a long-sleeved t-shirt, Bell left his violin case open for tips as he played 6 classical songs, one of which has been called the most difficult song on any instrument—J.S. Bach's Chaconne. Of this song, the great composer Johannes Brahms said, "if I imagined that I could have created, even conceived the piece, I am quite certain that the excess of excitement and earth-shattering experience would have driven me out of my mind."


3 Tools You Can Use To Predict The Future In Online Stock Markets
Learning how to predict the future in online trading has become one of the most sought after skill. People everywhere are looking for ways to predict the market and make a lot of money. They do this by using tools that help them analyze data, and they also use advanced software programs to make their predictions. If you want to learn how to predict the future in online trading, there are many ways for you to accomplish this.
If you want to predict the future in online trading, one way you can do this is by using past market data and applying it to current real-time data. If you look at historical data, you will be able to see patterns emerge. You will also be able to see trends develop over time. These trends may be related to what happened in the past and present, or it may be completely unrelated.
If you want to do your own future prediction, there are several tools available on the Internet that you can use. A popular one that people use is called Forex Autopilot. This tool has been around for quite some time. It is not very complicated, and you can learn how to use it in a matter of minutes. This tool will help you to monitor the movements of currency throughout the world using current data. It will then let you know if something looks suspicious. You can get more information about Online psychic.
One of the most advanced programs on the Internet, and probably the only one that actually work, is the Day Trading Robot. This program actually uses real time data to predict where the market will go next. If you think about what makes computers so good at predicting the future, it has to do with the fact that they are solving complex mathematical problems. The Day Trading Robot does all of the work for you. It sends its predictions out to you through email every morning.
One final tool you can use to predict the future is called Forex MegaDroid. This robot was developed by a group of financial experts who wanted to create a program that would help individuals make a consistent profit in the Forex market. Unlike the other tools we have mentioned, this program uses actual historical data to make its predictions. In addition to that, it also incorporates market research and trends analysis. It can make a very accurate prediction each day.
As you can see, you don't need to be a math whiz to predict the future yourself. There are plenty of tools available to help you. However, the best way to predict the future is to actually use an application that is based on numbers and figures and which you interpret. Some of the programs on the Internet may not do this as well as you'd hoped. Therefore, if you really want to be able to predict the future correctly, then the best tool you can use is one of the Forex forecasting programs we have mentioned above.


text:
The Demography of Baltimore City: Sources
Tracking the changes over time in the distribution and character of the population of Baltimore is complicated by the ever changing and ill-defined boundaries of Federal and Police census taking, and neighborhood definitions over the City's history, but with Heritage Quest and Ancestry.com's digitization and indexing of the census records and the widespread availability of ward, block and street level mapping, it is possible to isolate place and people within the bounds of the city in studying change over time.
Once the researcher is familiar with the physical and general demographic changes that take place over time in Baltimore, then a thorough grounding in the general secondary literature on the history of the city is required.
The principal sources for an overview and the detail of the demography of Baltimore are the census records (current, recent, and historical), the city directories, land records, manumission records, and the tax rolls. There are State, City and Federal census records. Federal records are on line at Ancestry.com and Heritage Quest. Ancestry.com costs money. Heritage Quest is usually available for free through a public library account. Fortunately for Maryland and for Baltimore City, reasonably decent scans of the microfilm of census schedules are available from _URL_. Simply search for census Maryland. City directories have been compiled on our page, some of which are available online, and others are only available at various institutions. Tax records for the city exist on microfilm and in the original at the Maryland State Archives and the Baltimore City Archives. In 1981, Richard J. Cox published a index to the earliest extant city tax rolls to 1808, now in BRG4. See: Cox, Richard J., ed. Name Index to the Baltimore City Tax Records, 1798 – 1808, of the Baltimore City Archives, Baltimore City Archives and Records Management Office, n.pl., 1981. Scans of the tax records will be linked from BRG4 as an on-going project of the Baltimore City Archives. For Baltimore City, between 1928 and 1987, the City participated in the publication of printed volumes of Tax assessments arranged by address. They are available at the Pratt Library and at the Baltimore City Archives in BRG4 Series 6.
When looking for people, Cyndi's list will point the way to an extraordinary array of genealogical sources.


text:
Question: What is the difference between silicone compression molding and silicone injection molding?
Answer: In the compression molding process, the mixed silicone is filled into an open mold. For a core and cavity mold, the cavity side is usually filled with excess material. Once filled, the two halves are then uniformly compressed under hot platens. After a certain amount of curing time, the two halves are either manually or mechanically opened. The final part is removed after excess material is detached.
In the injection molding process, the A and B component materials are mixed from the mixing unit, and immediately travel through the cool barrel. The mixed material is then injected in a hot closed mold. After the curing and mold-open phase, the final part is removed from the mold.


I know that $\sin(x)$ can be expressed as an infinite product, and I've seen proofs of it (e.g. Infinite product of sine function). I found How was Euler able to create an infinite product for sinc by using its roots? which discusses how Euler might have found the equation, but I wonder how Euler could have proved it.
$$\sin(x) = x\prod_{n=1}^\infty \left(1-\frac{x^2}{n^2\pi^2}\right)$$
So how did Euler derive this? I've seen a proof that requires Fourier series (something not know [formally] by Euler, I guess). I also know that this equation can be thought intuitively, and it's really true that it will have the same roots as the sine function, however it's not clear that the entire function converges to the sine function. So, even if Euler guessed it, how was his proof accepted, for this formula to calculate the zeta function for even integers?
$$\zeta(2n) = (-1)^{n+1} \frac{B_{2n}(2\pi )^{2n}}{2(2n)!}$$
I've checked a proof of this result, and it requires the sine infinite product.
Also, the Basel problem (solved by him) used this infinite product too, and he got famous by this proof, so the sine infinite product might have been accepted by the mathematical community at that time.
Check out this link: Ed Sandifer: How Euler Did It, March 2004
And here: Wikipedia: Basel Problem
The Wikipedia link shows there actually does exist an "elementary" proof of the generalized Basel problem (the evaluation of the Riemann zeta function for positive even integers). Graham, Knuth, and Patashnik, in the text Concrete Mathematics, also give an outline of another elementary proof which is easy to follow, using properties of exponential generating functions and some basic calculus. Although it is not how Euler went about it, the approach certainly would have been within his scope of knowledge.
 - $\begingroup$ Do you have any information about the first one who proved this? $\endgroup$ – Lucas Zanella Feb 18 '14 at 4:49
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ it was probably first proven rigorously by Weierstrass. $\endgroup$ – Ian Mateus Mar 9 '14 at 21:55
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