The 3 types of late paying customers
Only around 70% of new businesses with employees make it through the first two years, according to recent data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. As a business owner, you know how difficult it is to maintain profitability regardless of the age of your organization. This is why late paying customers make it that much more difficult for your business to survive.
Most of your clients who do not pay will fall into one of three categories. By better understanding each of the clients within these groupings, you can develop strategies to recoup late payments and lessen the impact of nonpayment.
 1. Those who will do anything to avoid paying
The most effective method for dealing with customers who never pay is to avoid doing business with them in the first place. Before moving forward with a transaction, pull their credit report to get an idea of their payment history, and use this information to avoid getting involved with unreliable customers.
This approach is not always possible, however. If you do get involved with a customer who resists payment at all costs, act quickly and consider working with a collection agency or moving forward with litigation.
 1. Those who will make payments sporadically
In many of these cases, customers who pay sporadically do not always remember to pay their bills or have so much going on that making payments on time is not a priority. To obtain payment, remind your customer of what he or she owes consistently. For example, when you send out the original invoice, send out a reminder a week before its due date.
 1. Those who cannot pay because of financial trouble
For customers who cannot pay due to unforeseen financial circumstances, consider implementing a payment plan for them. Do what you can to develop a payment plan your customer can commit to while not negatively affecting your cash flow.


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Richard J. Dorer
Many people influenced watershed land use over the years, and Richard J. Dorer stands out as such a person. He began working for the Minnesota Department of Conservation in 1938, the year the Whitewater left its banks 28 times. He saw the devastation erosion and siltation were causing, and he was passionate about protecting the land and the river.
He began purchasing land as the state administrator of federal wildlife funds. Then in 1943, after building public support, his proposal was approved to purchase 38,000 acres along the Whitewater River for a wildlife area.
Dorer, together with state foresters, wildlife managers, and the Soil Conservation Service, set out to control erosion on this new wildlife land. They planted grasses, shrubs and trees in the valleys and on the slopes. On the ridge tops they changed the cropland to contoured fields around the slopes and built diversion dams at the top of gullies.
Dorer designed a complex system of dikes to retain runoff in the Whitewater River valley in three pools. This system is known today as the Richard J. Dorer Pools. These measures were part of a great experiment to control erosion and improve soil health. The lessons learned helped change land use in the watershed, and preserved a treasure of public land for the enjoyment of all.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Taking the gamble out of DNA sequencing
Two USC scientists have developed an algorithm that could help make DNA sequencing affordable enough for clinics — and could be useful to researchers of all stripes.
Andrew Smith, a computational biologist at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, developed the algorithm along with USC graduate student Timothy Daley to help predict the value of sequencing more DNA. It was published in Nature Methods on Feb. 24.
Extracting information from the DNA means deciding how much to sequence: sequence too little and you may not get the answers you are looking for, but sequence too much and you will waste both time and money. That expensive gamble is a big part of what keeps DNA sequencing out of the hands of clinicians. But not for long, according to Smith.
"It seems likely that some clinical applications of DNA sequencing will become routine in the next five to 10 years," Smith said. "For example, diagnostic sequencing to understand the properties of a tumor will be much more effective if the right mathematical methods are in place."
The beauty of Smith and Daley's algorithm, which predicts the size and composition of an unseen population based on a small sample, lies in its broad applicability.
"This is one of those great instances where a specific challenge in our research led us to uncover a powerful algorithm that has surprisingly broad applications," Smith said.
Think of it: How often do scientists need to predict what they haven't seen based on what they have?
Public health officials could use the algorithm to estimate the population of HIV positive individuals, astronomers could use it to determine how many exoplanets exist in the galaxy based on the ones they have already discovered and biologists could use it to estimate the diversity of antibodies in an individual.
The mathematical underpinnings of the algorithm rely on a model of sampling from ecology known as capture-recapture. In this model, individuals are captured and tagged so that a recapture of the same individual will be known — and the number of times each individual was captured can be used to make inferences about the population as a whole.
In this way scientists can estimate, for example, the number of gorillas remaining in the wild. In DNA sequencing, the individuals are the various different genomic molecules in a sample. However, the mathematical models used for counting gorillas don't work on the scale of DNA sequencing.
"The basic model has been known for decades, but the way it has been used makes it highly unstable in most applications," Daley said. "We took a different approach that depends on lots of computing power and seems to work best in large-scale applications like modern DNA sequencing."
Scientists faced a similar problem in the early days of the human genome sequencing project. In 1988, a mathematical solution provided by University Professor Michael Waterman found widespread use. Recent advances in sequencing technology, however, require thinking differently about the mathematical properties of DNA-sequencing data.
"Huge data sets required a novel approach," Waterman said. "I'm very pleased it was developed here at USC."
The research was funded by grants (R01 HG005238 and P50 HG002790) from the National Human Genome Research Institute at the National Institutes of Health.


Rules for Fortress
Family: Fortress
Categories: Thinker's
Variants: Chessboard, Beleaguered Castle, Streets and Alleys
Also Known As:
Fortress is one of a fascinating group of games in which no cards are ever hidden. The entire deck is laid out, face up and visible, at the start of the game.
Shuffle the deck and lay out all the cards in ten tableau piles. Each tableau pile fans sideways, with all cards face up and visible. Arrange the tableaus in two columns or "wings" of five piles each, one wing on the left and one on the right, with a vertical column of four foundations in between them. The top tableau of each wing starts with six cards; the others with five each. The foundations start out empty.
Top cards of tableaus are available for building on each other, either up or down in suit. Aces may be played to the foundations, which build up in suit. Empty tableau piles may be filled with any available card.
The goal is to move all the cards onto the foundations.
You should create and keep an empty tableau pile as soon as you can. Use it as a "way station" to move a build from its original pile to a third, destination pile. Peel the build off its original pile into the empty pile, then peel it off the empty pile and onto the destination pile.


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In recent years, significant attention has been paid to the engineering performance of wood structural systems, and a new generation of more reliable engineered wood components for building construction has evolved.
The latest trend is towards advanced products that combine wood and synthetics. This increases performance and structural reliability of engineered wood products, and leads to new markets and expanded opportunities. It is anticipated that cost of fibre reinforcement decreases over time and advances developed on reinforcing techniques and methods of evaluation would provide wood producers with more options to better position their products in the marketplace.
A new reinforcing technique has been developed and applied to manufacture a hybrid wood product for structural applications. The technique involves a layering analogy using layers of synthetic reinforcement sandwiched between layers of wood composite. The products manufactured in the laboratory used regular OSB laminations and alternating layers of E-glass fabrics and resin. Threeand four-ply billets were manufactured with various layouts and then tests were conducted to characterize mechanical properties of the hybrid products. Overall, the test specimens performed well relative to the controls. Shear failures were observed as a result of the limited performance of OSB in shear, and consequently the next tests will be conducted with plywood laminations instead of OSB.
Selected issues related to code acceptance of structural FRP-reinforced wood products are discussed in the appendix. Future work is suggested to completely characterize and understand the properties and behaviour of the FRP-reinforced wood products, including fire performance, long term durability, maintenance and cost, in order to establish an environment in which to work comfortably with such materials. Overcoming these issues is vital for product acceptance in building codes.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Calculations of illuminance for a given interior include the portions of Luminous Flux contributed by all simultaneously illuminated luminaires plus the light reflected from the room perimeter (walls, ceiling, floor). Illuminance can be calculated for any given point from the Luminous Intensity of a light source and the Distance between the light source and the illuminated surface.
Horizontal or vertical Illuminance at a given point (point illuminance) can be calculated from Luminous Intensity and the relevant geometrical conditions from the following formulae:
Horizontal illuminance Eh
Vertical illuminance Ev
Cylindrical illuminance Ez
Cylindrical Illuminance Ez is the average of vertical illuminance in all directions (usually 4) around a point (on a vertical axis).


where the total order on the space of keys is inherited from the order "$ \ge$ " for integers $ \mathbb{Z}$. Especially the set of keys is a totally ordered subset of integers.
Question: How are the two concept of 'key' related to each other? My first idea was that if we consider in light of for definition (as elements of power set of attributes), we can simply randomly enumerate all the keys (that is associate to each key an number; formally speaking to specify an injection $ f:\mathcal{K} \to \mathbb{Z}, K \mapsto f(K)$ where $ \mathcal{K} \subset \Omega(A)$ )
and then treat them as numbers when working with b-trees. Is this exactly the correct connection or is there another deeper one and my approach is wrong?


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Psi-calculi revisited: Connectivity and compositionality
Johannes Åman Pohjola
UNSW Sydney
Best paper award.
Psi-calculi is a parametric framework for process calculi similar to popular pi-calculus extensions such as the explicit fusion calculus, the applied pi-calculus and the spi calculus. Mechanised proofs of standard algebraic and congruence properties of bisimilarity apply to all calculi within the framework. A limitation of psi-calculi is that communication channels must be symmetric and transitive. In this paper, we give a new operational semantics to psi-calculi that allows us to lift these restrictions and simplify some of the proofs. The key technical innovation is to annotate transitions with a provenance - a description of the scope and channel they originate from. We give mechanised proofs that our extension is conservative, and that the standard algebraic and congruence properties of bisimilarity are maintained. We show correspondence with a reduction semantics and barbed bisimulation. We show how a pi-calculus with preorders that was previously beyond the scope of psi-calculi can be captured, and how to encode mixed choice under very strong quality criteria.
BibTeX Entry
 author = {{\AA}man Pohjola, Johannes},
 doi = {\_1},
 month = jun,
 year = {2019},
 keywords = {Process algebra; Psi-calculi; Nominal logic; Interactive theorem proving; Bisimulation},
 title = {Psi-Calculi Revisited: Connectivity and Compositionality},
 address = {Lyngby, Denmark},
 pages = {3-20},
 volume = {11535},
 booktitle = {FORTE 2019: International Conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Systems},
 paperurl = {},
 publisher = {Springer},
 isbn = {9783030217587}


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analysis": they find patterns of relations within a single dataset. However, statistical data analysis also uses "external relationship analysis". External analysis methods find relationships between patterns in one dataset and those in another, or between patterns in a dataset and those in a theoretical logical structure or ''design matrix''. Bro and others have introduced external analysis into the three-way domain by deriving n-way extensions of PLS regression. I have stumbled upon an alternative approach, one that extends the symmetric relation of (canonical) correlation. Canonical correlation finds weights for an optimal linear combination of the columns of one matrix, and weights for an optimal linear combination of the columns of another matrix (the "other side" of the relation) such that the two vectors they define have maximal correlation. This is then repeated for vectors orthogonal to the first set, to get added dimensions of correlation between the two matrices.
In statistics, canonical correlation is used to define the General
Linear Model (GLM). By choice of arguments supplied to the GLM, one can obtain
special cases that encompass a wide range of standard statistical techniques,
including Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Variance and
Covariance, Discriminant Analysis, Multiple
Regression, analysis of counts and contingency tables, and even the simplest
"special case", group comparisons via the t-test.
I will describe an "external analysis" analog of Tucker T3, called TUCCON, and a Parafac-like special case of it called PARACCON, which provide multilinear generalizations of canonical correlation and thus of the GLM. This directly leads to multi-way versions of all the GLM's ''special-cases'', often providing the added benefits for these methods that multiway generalization gives to Factor Analysis. For example: when, on either side of the canonical relation, there is a higher-way array in which the relevant patterns have a unique Parafac decomposition, then there also be a unique decomposition of the dimensions defining the "external relations'' between the two sides (i.e., of the "canonical space" on each side). Also, the source for patterns on each side of a canonical relation can now involve more than one dataset per side, allowing an outer-product synthesis of patterns from several sources on one side to be related to, say, the outer-product patterns in a single higher-way array on the other. Estimation of the parameters for TUCCON and PARACCON is often possible using familiar methods like Alternating Least Squares or Paatero's Multilinear Engine. [ I will sometimes need to use the array notation AIN described in an earlier TRICAP meeting and published in the ''Index Formalism...'' article in Journal of Chemometrics. Interested colleagues are encouraged to gain some advance familiarity with this notation —downloadable from _URL_
Convolutive PARAFAC Models and Applications
The regular factor analysis only considers instantaneous mixing, i.e.. However, this analysis can be extended to a non-instantaneous mixing, i.e. forming the convolutive factor analysis. Lately, much attention has been given to convolutive factor analysis models since these models can account for echo effects, i.e. various forms of time delays from source to sensors. Recently, we've proposed to extend the convolutive factor analysis model to a model convolutive in both modalities, i.e. the double convolutive model. Furthermore, the convolutive factor analysis models also generalize to higher orders forming convolutive PARAFAC models, i.e. CPARAFAC. It will be demonstrated how CPARAFAC might be useful in the analysis of a wide range of signals.
Parafac is a threeand higher-way component model which yields a set of uniquely determined factors under mild conditions. Parafac2, as a variant of Parafac, relaxes the invariance condition of component weights for one of three data modes such that cross-products of component weights in the relaxed mode are invariant instead of the components themselves, also yielding a unique decomposition of n-way data. Parafac2 is suited well to the multiple-groups factor-analytic problems since the relaxed model condition allows for fitting multiple groups of distinctive observational units by reweighted, invariant component loadings. In general, multiple-groups analysis assumes known grouping of observation units. However, it is sometimes very desirable to consider the grouping itself as unknown model parameters to optimize (as in k-means clustering). Unlike a consecutive modeling of data reduction and clustering (e.g., k-means clustering on reduced-dimensional component space), Hidden Parafac2 (HIDPAR2) simultaneously estimates component weights for dimensional reduction and grouping memberships for classification, minimizing a unified fit function. From the mixture-modeling perspective, HIDPAR2 can be considered as a constrained component mixture modeling of two-way data by an (reweighted) invariant component loading pattern and hidden membership. An alternating least squares algorithm is developed for parameter estimation in which group membership is iteratively estimated by a fuzzy k-means step, given all other model parameters. Simulated data are used to assess performance of the algorithm.
PLS Path Modelling: Computation of latent variables with the estimation mode B
ENITIAA-INRA, Unité de Sensometrie et Chimiometrie - Rue de la Géraudière BP 82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex
PLS Path Modelling shows a number of interesting advantages over others existing approaches traditionally used for structural modelling. However, the lack of convergence properties of the existing iterative procedures for the computation of the latent variables, has always been considered as one of the major drawbacks. The convergence is stated only in practice. The present paper shows that when the estimation mode B is chosen for all blocks, the iterative procedure for the computation of latent variables proposed by Wold (1985) is monotonically convergent.


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kidzsearch.com > wiki Explore:images videos games
Great Northern Diver
|Great Northern Diver|
| Gavia immer|
The Great Northern Loon breeds in North America, Greenland, Iceland, and Scotland. This species winters on sea coasts or on large lakes of south Europe and the United States, and south to northwestern areas of Africa.
This species, like all divers, is a specialist fish-eater. It catches its prey underwater, diving as deep as 200 feet (60 m). Freshwater diets include pike, perch, sunfish, trout, and bass; salt-water diets consist oinclude rock fish, flounder, sea trout, and herring.


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'Beautiful experiment' in crossing cultures
Updated: 2013-03-08 12:30
By Kelly Chung Dawson in New York (China Daily)
A scene of the re-staged Dance and the Railroad, which David Henry Hwang wrote in 1980. Provided to China Daily
When the playwright David Henry Hwang wrote Dance and the Railroad in 1980, defining and documenting the immigrant identity was for many Chinese Americans a task of serious importance, made more urgent by a perceived position of weakness relative to a dominant culture.
In the intervening years, much has changed. China is no longer the obvious underdog, and some might argue that the art of identity politics has gone out of favor. Hwang has also, in his own words, "grown up".
But his play about two Chinese railroad workers struggling to deal with the ramifications of an 1867 labor strike is a reminder that for more than a century, Chinese in the US were at a marked disadvantage. Originally commissioned by the US Department of Education and now in revival at New York's Signature Theatre until March 17, Dance and the Railroad cautions against simplistic narratives, showcasing a history of immigrant activism that has often been ignored.
"I think it's important to remember that while these Chinese workers were basically indentured students, and faced incredibly difficult circumstances, they still stood up for themselves and were assertive when they were unhappy with their conditions," Hwang said. "In some regards, Chinese-Americans still struggle with this notion of asserting themselves and standing up for their rights, so I think that these characters continue to be useful for us to look at even today."
Dance and the Railroad, which will travel to Shanghai in May, explores the attitudes of two men: Lone, jaded by his three years in the US with a railroad crew he calls "dead men", Chinese who have bowed to the authority of white employers who underpay and overwork them; and Ma, fresh off the boat and susceptible to every far-fetched claim about "Gold Mountain". The two meet on a mountaintop, where Lone has sequestered himself during the strike to practice the martial arts he learned as a young student of Chinese traditional opera.
By the time the play has concluded, Ma (Ruy Iskander of The Public Theater's Measure for Measure) and Lone (Yuekun Wu of Theater for the New City's Love in Tears and Laughter) have staged their own opera about "The American Dream", a play within a play that blends the beauty of Chinese opera with Western naturalism. They have also traded positions in their expectations of what a life on "Gold Mountain" might provide: Ma has decided that ruthlessness is the only path to success in America, and Lone has come to the realization that even without his rage, he still wants to fight - or in this case, dance.
Hwang is Signature Theatre's playwright in residence for one year, a position that has allowed him to stage several of his own plays. His 1996 play Golden Child, which won an Obie Award in 1997 and was nominated for a Tony Award in 1998, recently closed a run at the theatre. Hwang also won a 1988 Tony for M. Butterfly, and his comedy Chinglish ran on Broadway in 2011.
"I hope that audiences will leave with a better appreciation for David's foundation as a writer and understanding of his creative journey as they continue exploring his body of work," said James Houghton, founding artistic director of Signature Theatre. "In Dance and the Railroad, David presents a coming-of-age story that honors the value and power of community. At the same time, he also explores the role of art in our modern world, the strength and devotion required of artists, and the transformative influence art wields to connect us to one another and give our lives meaning."
Huang Ruo, the composer who scored Dance and the Railroad, described the piece as a meditation on the immigrant dream.
"In Lone and Ma's opera, you see that they are fighting, mentally fighting the White Devil, or the mountain, or the unfair treatment they've faced since their arrival. Using all their strength, they fight," he said. "People emigrate to other countries because they have hope. Chinese immigrants have come to US for more than 100 years, and now you see more Americans going to China. I think that's a sign of the curiosity and longing we all feel for something we don't have, or something we don't know. That's what drives people."
Huang recently won first prize in the prestigious Luxembourg International Composition competition, and is renowned for his seamless merging of Western and Chinese influences. In Dance and the Railroad, he mixes instruments from both traditions, including the pipa, flute, piano and different styles of percussion.
"Not very many people know about this portion of Chinese history in America, but it's something we shouldn't ignore," he said.
"That's the beauty of art. When you transform a part of history into an art form, whether it's visual or oral, or through staging, it gives people an opportunity to really understand this part of history while actually engaging in it. Even though the story itself is fictional, these characters represent a real group of people."
Hwang noted that the current production features a new line in which the characters lament that no matter how hard they work, their job is never done.
"I think that in America, the whole economic system is based around keeping us wanting more as a culture," he said. "If we stopped wanting things, we would stop buying things and the market would collapse. Our culture is based on making us feel like we still need more. The job is never done."
In the play, Lone and Ma make fun of the "White Devil" for his wide eyes, appearing as though he has "drunk 72 pots of tea".
Although audiences have reacted favorably to the joke, Hwang says he would not have written the line today.
"A part of me is more uncomfortable with that joke today than I was 30 years ago, because of the relative positions of power," he said. "For the underdog to make fun of the person in power felt more acceptable, but now because things are more equal, it feels wrong. My perspective on China has changed as the times have changed, and I'm older now as well.
"This part of Chinese history in the US is important, and I wanted to tell the story, and to do it with a blend of Chinese and Western influences. For me, this was a beautiful experiment."
(China Daily 03/08/2013 page11)


to learn the basics of four-point corner pen motion tracking. So essentially what that is, is taking our footage of the green screen picture frame and being able to composite something into that picture frame that moves along with the footage. This is a preview of what we'll be looking to achieve, which is getting this footage to feel like it appears inside the picture frame, that it actually is part of the footage we shot. So, just to compare it to what we were doing earlier, this is like almost a window that reveals something below and what we're going to be doing is tracking the footage into that so that it feels like I'm actually holding a picture frame with a live image on it. I've got the same piece of footage here of the moving green screen frame and under window, tracker. So, in order to track this picture frame, since it has these four corners, it's perfect for perspective corner pin which gives us four track points. All we have to do is take this track point and put the cross hairs of that track point into the corner of the picture frame. Drag these to each corner. It's also important to keep the tracker points in the same sort of orientation that they are. So, track point one is going to go into the top left corner. Track point two will go into our top right corner. Track point three goes into the bottom left and track point four goes into the bottom right corner. You'll see there's two squares here. That kind of tells the tracker what information to look for that's similar. The way that a tracker works is that it finds similar information between frames and places a pixel where it finds the similar information. It's good to have the smaller square a little in a smaller region so it's looking in a smaller region and the larger square will look across the frame for more similar information. So, just expand the range of the bigger square. So that looks pretty good. So now that we've aligned this and we have our parallel lines that are running along the edge of the picture frame there, we'll hit the analyze forward and start tracking the motion of this. So, the faster these points move in space, the trickier it is for the tracker to find them but so far, it's still able to keep up. It helps when your motion tracking to have these large swatches of contrast. So, using the black picture frame really helps identify some of those contrasts points for the motion tracker. If you're trying to motion track two grey moving objects against each other, it's going to have a tougher time because the information is so similar but more contrast here, the easier this track works. You can see it's holding up pretty well up there. It went off course at track point one. You can manually grab it. If it goes off course, you can manually grab the tracker and move it back to the corner. Sometimes when the motion is too fast, the tracker has a tougher time and you'll see it go off course. I can just analyze frame by frame here. Since we're using 4K footage, it helps the track a lot because it's just more information for it to look at. Once we have our track more or less set, we want to make sure that all these tracker markers are then applied to a new piece of footage. So, I know that this picture frame was 18 inches by 24 inches. So, if I create a composition that is 2400 by 1800, the dimensions of that composition will match the picture frames so I won't be skewing anything or stretching anything. It's important that you roughly get the correct ratio of what your compositing into to match the composition setting. So there's our track after I analyzed the motion track and did a little bit of manual tweaking to it. We have pretty good four-corner pin track and I've created this new composition that's 24 by 1800. I'll drag that into this composition and under edit target, I will set that to comp one. This is the composition where we're going to be placing our footage. I can rename comp one to say place footage here. Great. So we have an empty composition and so I can bring in this fire footage. Maybe duplicate it a couple of times and even scale this up so that it fits our 2400 by 1800 composition and duplicate this across time. So there's our pre-composition. So this is what's going to be going inside the picture frame. Jumping back to our motion track. When we want to apply this motion track to the composition that has the fire in it, we will go to edit target and we will choose our composition that we called it place footage here. You click okay and then you just click apply after you've set that target. So, now we're not seeing anything. I think that's because our place footage here is below our green screen footage. So here now we'll apply it and you'll see that fire footage is now locked in with the picture frame. I'll do a little bit of manual tweaking. Some points when it moves really fast where these corner pins sort of misaligned, so we can do some manual tweaking here to get that to fill the frame. So once I've done that, now I have a pretty solid motion track of this footage. We can actually bring our green screen footage on top because it's green. Turn on our color range effects and now we have this fire footage existing inside the picture frame. It still feels a little false to me so we can do a couple of things here. We can add motion blur so that the motion blur of the picture frame is matched to the fire and that's as simple as toggling this little button that says motion blur, click that and then toggle in in the composition window, the preview for motion blur so we can actually see it in action. Now, you'll see the faster that this motion track moves, the more blur is added to the footage, so now it it appears as if that footage is actually in the shot. We can do some other things to help the compositing, such as some slight curves to the footage so that it's not too bright and then the blacks aren't too black. Just so that it feels more like a video screen image rather than a digital video screen. So, that was the basics of motion tracking, specifically motion tracking inside of a picture frame. 12. Wrap Up: So, now we've seen that using just a piece of green board that we bought at the art store, a camera, and a tripod, we've created a pretty interesting effect. Essentially, a infinite zoom through mirror effect. Some of the things we just went over include: how to use color range, how to use key light, how to use different types of matte refined tools, and also how to get a clean Alpha channel. Some of the things we learned after we keyed our footage, is how to take the Alpha channel from one layer and apply it to a different layer using track matte. After we use track matte, we learned how to pre-compose the footage, and duplicate it, and also, parent the same duplicated layers to a master layer, so that when we animate one thing, it affects the animation of the duplicated layers. Finally, we learned how to scale that footage to create that infinite zoom effect, and to create a consistent zoom, using the animation preset exponential scale. So, that is the fundamentals of green screen, and hopefully some weird things that we can do with that green screen, so not just the typical uses. I think that's the point of this class is that there are many uses of green screen beyond just putting a character in some fantasy land that we can actually find some creative uses of it. So, I encourage you to take some of the fundamentals we learned here, even with the infinite zoom or some of the camera moves, and apply that to the screen-screen effect. I'd love to see even uses with the green screen suits or other green objects, and finding fun ways to play with that stuff. So, yeah, looking forward to seeing your projects, thanks for watching.


Does The World Need the Jews?
need the jewsScribner Trade Hardcover
September 1997
What would happen if the world woke up one day and there were simply no Jews left? Would the world be worse off?In Does the World Need the Jews?
Gordis suggests that on the eve of the twenty-first century, one of the chief sources of malaise among contemporary Jews is that many cannot answer this critical question.
Though many Jewish community leaders now speak of an American Jewish continuity crisis, Gordis sees a very different problem. The issue, he argues, is not continuity, but identity. American Jews simply have no conception of why they matter or what their tradition stands for.
In this sure-to-be-controversial book, Gordis argues that by assimilating so thoroughly into American culture, Jews have lost their distinctive voice. What emerges is a dramatic and compelling agenda for American Jews who want to believe that Judaism still has a reason to survive.
Acclaim for Does the World Need the Jews
A passionate, persuasive plea for loyal Jews to become serious Jews.
Rabbi Harold Kushner, Bestselling author of When Bad Things Happen to Good People
Daniel Gordis has a rich and variegated mind, the sort that makes stunning and otherwise ignored connections.
Rabbi Joseph Telushkin, author of Jewish Literacy and Jewish Wisdom


text:
This historic map of the Eastern Hemisphere simulates the illuminated mariners charts of the 17th Century. The original murals, painted by N.C. Wyeth, are in Hubbard Hall at the National Geographic Society headquarters.The 1928 "Map of Discovery: Eastern Hemisphere" map features:
- Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia
- Illuminated mariners chart style
- Present-day political boundaries
- Traces the routes of the great discoverers
- Margins depict the forces of nature in the style of the 16th Century
Coverage Area: Eastern Hemisphere, including Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia.
This Mounted Map is a fine art plaque that consists of your selected map printed on art print paper with a heat activated adhesive that adheres the map to a piece of MDF wood. A UV Blocking Laminate is added on top for protection (but not for dry erase).Click here to download sample images


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- Define and identify local economic, social and environmental changes.
- Assess and rank the impact of economic, social and environmental changes of the Klondike Gold Rush.
- Use primary and secondary sources to draw conclusions about historical events.
Assignment: Read and analyze primary and secondary sources to evaluate the impact of changes during the Klondike Gold Rush. Present your conclusions orally or in written format.
Time Frame: 7 classes (approximately 2 1/2 weeks)
Partners: You may choose to work individually or in a group of 2 or 3 for the duration of this assignment.
Step 1: Explore various kinds of changes (1 class)
As a class, we will reflect on and discuss economic, social and environmental changes in our community.
Step 2: Learn about the Gold Rush (1 class)
As a class, we will read and discuss:
- A History of Gold Rushes, a general overview of the events and effects of gold rushes;
- Aftermath, a general overview of the effects of the Klondike Gold Rush.
As an individual (3 documents) or a small group of 3 (all 5 documents), read the following documents and complete the Comparing Conditions Handout. Be prepared to share your findings with the class.
- Historical Notes on the Yukon District;
- After the Gold Rush;
- Klondike Discoverer Dies in Poverty;
- Returning Adventurers;
- Yukon Indians and the Gold Rush.
Step 4: Identify criteria for assessing impact (1 class)
Change is only as big as the impact it has. There are 3 ways to assess impact: breadth, depth and duration. As a class we will assess the impact of changes in our community (referencing our first conversation regarding changes in our community).
Step 5: Rank order the degree of impact (1 class)
As individuals or small groups, use the Ranking the Impact Handout to assess the impact of the changes you have already identified. Which type of change was the most significant?
Use your completed Comparing Conditions handout and the three criteria for determining the significance of an impact.
Step 6: Class Debate or Independent Write Up (1 class)
As a class we will vote to either have a full class discussion/debate or write independent summaries on which type of change had the greatest impact during the Klondike Gold Rush.
What will be assessed during this project?
Class Debate or Independent Write Up
The following rubrics will be used to assess the above assignments:
*Project adapted from Mystery Quest: Great Unsolved Mysteries in Canadian History


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All Windows based computers comes with a pre-installed Administrator account and a Guest account. By default those accounts are disabled for security purpose.
Guest users are people you allow to use your computer for basic things like accessing the internet, checking emails and such. To enable guest account:
1. Simultaneously press the Windows key + R to open the Run Window, here type lusrmgr.msc and press Enter.
2. From the left pane select Users folder.
3. Then Double-click on the Guest account from the right.
4. In the properties window for the Guest account, uncheck the checkbox labeled Account is disabled and then click on the Apply button.
Log out and you'll see the guest account available, now you are able to let others access your PC as guest. Keep in mind not to leave the account always enabled due to security issues.


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Your right-hand man on every college tour
Creating a personal set of standards to compare and contrast schools based on what matters to you.
1. First thing we ask is to let us know what you're looking for in a school. What matters the most to you and what could you care less about.
2. As you go through each part of your tour, take a picture, rate it while you're there, and write down any notes.
3. We take what's important to you in a college and calculate a "good-fit" score for each college you rate. So you can sit back and rate each school while you visit and we'll let you know how your reviews compare


Receiving Feedback
In this sprint we focus on 6 key habits for inviting and dealing with feedback effectively on a daily basis.
Receiving Feedback Habit Sprint
The key habits are essentially the evidence-based smallest impactful behaviors that people can do on a daily basis to improve their ability to hear feedback and act on it (instead of reacting to it). The content is based on small habits from research on the neurological processes involved, the work of Sheila Heen and Douglas Stone, Marcus Buckingham,...
For those interested, background information will be provided. But the most important thing, is that people will actually start building the small habits and micro-skills for inviting and receiving feedback on a daily basis.
*smallest + highest conversion rate + most impactful
50% Complete
Two Step


A general method for addressing forecasting uncertainty in inventory models
Dennis Prak, Ruud Teunter
Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review
15 Citations (Scopus)
In practice, inventory decisions depend heavily on demand forecasts, but the literature typically assumes that demand distributions are known. This means that estimates are substituted directly for the unknown parameters, leading to insufficient safety stocks, stock-outs, low service, and high costs. We propose a framework for addressing this estimation uncertainty that is applicable to any inventory model, demand distribution, and parameter estimator. The estimation errors are modeled and a predictive lead time demand distribution obtained, which is then substituted into the inventory model. We illustrate this framework for several different demand models. When the estimates are based on ten observations, the relative savings are typically between 10% and 30% for mean-stationary demand. However, the savings are larger when the estimates are based on fewer observations, when backorders are costlier, or when the lead time is longer. In the presence of a trend, the savings are between 50% and 80% for several scenarios.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)224-238
JournalInternational Journal of Forecasting
Issue number1
Publication statusPublished - 2019
Externally publishedYes
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'A general method for addressing forecasting uncertainty in inventory models'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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DESCRIPTIONThis function returns information about which visuals support double buffering. The argument num_screens specifies how many elements there are in the screen_specifiers list. Each drawable in screen_specifiers designates a screen for which the supported visuals are being requested. If num_screens is zero, information for all screens is requested. In this case, upon return from this function, num_screens will be set to the number of screens that were found. If an error occurs, this function returns NULL, else it returns a pointer to a list of XdbeScreenVisualInfo structures of length num_screens. The nth element in the returned list corresponds to the nth drawable in the screen_specifiers list, unless num_screens was passed in with the value zero, in which case the nth element in the returned list corresponds to the nth screen of the server, starting with screen zero. The XdbeScreenVisualInfo structure has the following fields:
count specifies the number of items in visinfo. visinfo specifies a list of visuals, depths, and performance hints for this screen.
The XdbeVisualInfo structure has the following fields:
visual specifies one visual ID that supports double-buffering. depth specifies the depth of the visual. perflevel is a performance hint.
The only operation defined on a perflevel is comparison to a perflevel of another visual on the same screen. The visual having the higher perflevel is likely to have better double-buffering graphics performance than the visual having the lower perflevel. Nothing can be deduced from the following: the magnitude of the difference of two perflevels, a perflevel value in isolation, or comparing perflevels from different servers.
- One or more values passed in screen_specifiers is not a valid drawable.


_USER_{Dziechciarz-Duda_Marta_On_2013, author={Dziechciarz-Duda, Marta and Król, Anna}, access={Dla wszystkich w zakresie dozwolonego użytku}, address={Wrocław}, year={2013}, description={Ekonometria = Econometrics, 2013, Nr 3 (41), s. 78-94}, language={eng}, abstract={There is a need to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of higher education in its various aspects, including the area of non-monetary benefits of higher education. Education relates to the wider economic and social effects and human welfare depends partly on earnings but also on non-monetary outcomes that all trace back to education in various ways. There exist positive relationships between education and health, the health of family members, the schooling of one's children, life choices made, fertility choices and infant mortality. Increasing the education level also has a positive effect on the environment and has a strong influence on crime reduction. The article is a review of the impact of the intangible benefits of higher education, particularly non-monetary private and the social rates of return on investment in education. Empirical studies are carried out on data from the Social Diagnosis 2011.}, title={On the non-monetary benefits of tertiary education}, type={artykuł}, rights={Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone (Copyright)}, publisher={Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu}, keywords={rate of return on teritary education, non-monetary returns on teritary education, private non-market effects, community non-market effects, szkolnictwo wyższe, stopa zwrotu z inwestycji w edukację, niepieniężne korzyści z wyższego wykształcenia}, }


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What is Acetylation?
Acetylation is used to create 'Prodrugs' in traditional pharmaceuticals. Prodrugs are metabolic precursors to active drugs. Simple chemical modifications to an active drug, such as acetylation of an oxygen, can significantly reduce 1st-pass (liver) metabolism and provide increased bioavailability of the active drug. A common example of a prodrug is aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid. Salicylic acid, the active drug, is acetylated to make aspirin. In this case, the advantages are several-fold, including not only increased efficacy as an analgesic, but also decreased irritation of the stomach. In the context of cannabinoids, acetylation of THC to give 'O-acetyl THC' (aka, THC-O-acetate) has been shown to boost bio-availabilities severalfold. The subjective effect of O-acetyl THC is significantly different from THC, with users reporting less paranoia and intoxication, and more of an empathogenic or psychedelic effect than with THC. Also, THC-acetate exhibits a slow onset over 45min-1hr, with effects persisting 4-5 hours. The method used to acetylate THC is also important with regards to the safety of production and consumption. The common methods used for acetylating THC employ dangerous chemicals such as pyridine and acetic anhydride. However, over the past 6 months, a new method has been developed that replaces these chemicals with a food-safe acetylating reagent. By eliminating the use of dangerous chemicals, the safety of various cannabinoid-acetates has been dramatically improved, both for producers and for consumers. THC-O-acetate, along with several other acetylated cannabinoids, has also been found naturally in cannabis plants in small quantities, so it can be considered a 'nature identical' product (reference below).
Consumption of D8 THC O Acetate
D8 THC once Acetylated is low viscosity like CBC which means no more clogged carts or supercut terped carts. O Acetate is completely cart-ready. O Acetate is extremely smooth when you dab it it doesn't leave a taste at all, and you will not cough (assuming you take a normal dab). The color is extremely stable, no more purple, pink, amber, and yellow color changes once it reaches you! The prodrug portion, ingestions of the compound (edibles, tinctures, etc) are typically 1-3x stronger than delta-9 THC.
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Improving Schools: Strategies for Action in Mexico
This report develops comparative knowledge for reforms in teacher and school management policies in the context of an OECD member country: Mexico. Mexico's education outcomes can be improved by enhancing the effectiveness of its schools. The standards gap between the performance of students in Mexico and other OECD countries can only be reduced if schools become good at what they do. This report looks at key issues and challenges faced by the Mexican education system and provides policy recommendations on school management, leadership and teacher policies. These recommendations have been developed by considering the outcomes, quality and standards of education and schools in Mexico in terms of what is known internationally about effective schools, and by adapting this knowledge to the Mexican context.
The report has two audiences: It aims to support the Mexican government and key actors in the education system to develop long-term vision and policy in the areas of school management, school leadership, social participation, selection and recruitment of teachers, teacher education, professional development, and evaluation policies in Mexico. At the same time, it provides valuable knowledge in education policy development and implementation useful for other OECD member and partner countries that are in the process of reforming their education systems.
Table of contents
Chapter 1: Conditions for success in education reform.
Chapter 2: Working towards education improvement in Mexico
Chapter 3: Teacher career paths: consolidating a quality profession
Chapter 4: Improving school effectiveness in Mexico: the role of leadership, management and social participation.
Chapter 5: Strategies to improve schools in Mexico: guidance on implementation..
Annex A: Authors Biographies.
How to obtain this publication
Readers can access the full version of Improving Schools: Strategies for Action in Mexico choosing from the following options:
Subscribers and readers at subscribing institutions can access the online edition via iLibrary
Non-subscribers can purchase the PDF e-book and/or paper copy via our Online Bookshop.
Improving Schools: Strategies for Action in Mexico This video presents some of the OECD recommendations to Mexico to improve the quality of education in Mexican schools.
This video was created with the help of the Federal Administration for Educational Services of the Federal District. All images were filmed in the educational centres where legal authorization for this purpose was granted.


Fake 3D with Shape Layers in Ae
Move Shapes shows how to create a fake 3D effect using shape layers in After Effects.
You don't need 3D to create 3D. Since the invention of perspective people have drawn in 3D on a 2D plane, essentially creating "fake 3D". In After Effects, animating a fake 3D effect is pretty straightforward. As long as you can animate the points of a vector shape, you can trick the eye into thinking an element is 3D. Some things will be harder than others with this technique, but for something like a spinning box or a moving car, it's perfect.
Check out this tutorial from Peter Arumugam, also known as Move Shapes who shows how easy it is to create a fake 3D car turn using shape layers in After Effects. The video shows direct animation for the After Effects layer elements, likely to convey the concept a little easier. It is worthwhile to note that any time you want to key something, you should have a rig to accept those keyframes, not the element itself.
A great example of using a rig with a fake 3D turn is this tutorial from animator and illustrator, Hunan Hunanyan. The tutorial covers how to rig a car using DUIK in After Effects, making use of the Morpher tool there. Check out that tutorial here.


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Redesigning your Home
Written by Deborah Norton.
Once individuals link together they become something different. This is true in your home also. Individual pieces or color choices will never behave as a system unless they are properly linked together. Just as we live in a relational world so do our furnishings, accessories, and color choices. The harmony they have together does not exist as individuals, therefore, no matter how rich in detail they are until related to one another they will encourage separateness. When we live in a properly functioning environment it will change us, reveal us, and evoke more from us.
For some of us this is a challenging task. The first concept we need to understand is: life wants to discover itself. Our home is an extension of our life and therefore our home wants to discover itself. The first step to this discovery is quite simple. Pick a focal point. This could fall into a wide range of categories. For instance, a tiny statue, beautiful painting, architecture, TV, outdoor view or fireplace. Any specific item that makes you happy each time you see it can be your focal point.
The second step is: understand what you want to feel like when you are in this room. Close your eyes and think of the best times in your life. Remember where you were and your surroundings. Perhaps you were on the beach with the warm sun on you or maybe it was the blue water and sunset that was calming. It could be as simple as the luxurious feather bed you slept on or the camping trip in nature.
Once you understand how you want to feel in this space, the third step, choosing your wall colors, becomes much easier. For example, let's say your focal point is a winter wildlife scenic painting. When you closed your eyes your favorite memory was sitting on the beach in Tahiti. This could be a little confusing for you. The painting makes you happy because of the visual. The beach gave you a sense of warmth and relaxation. Our facts are: winter scenery and a sense of warmth. Now that we have these two specific facts we can use them to problem solve. Simply evaluate the painting and choose a warmer color within it. This color will be used to apply to our wall to create the feeling of warmth and relaxation.
Now that your walls are painted and the focal point is placed you will find that all the individual furnishings will need to be placed in harmony reacting to their new surroundings. Understand that all pieces participate. If it seems excessive try removing it from the room. It can always be put back, but chances are you won't miss it.
Remember, unless we are in a harmonious relational environment we cannot plan who we will be. It's not necessary to go purchase new items, we simply need to take a look at what we already have.
- Read more of Deborah Norton
- Feng Shui your Bedroom for Romance
- Finding More Love with Feng Shui
- 7 Feng Shui Cures for Health
- Feng shui: Clear the Clutter
- Havenly Rejuvenation
- Feng Shui Anyone?
- Nature Underfoot
- The Red Door


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The Governor General of Canada and the President of the United States of America each appoint three commissioners who serve without remuneration. In recent years, one commissioner from each country has been an employee of the federal fisheries agency, one a fisher, and one either a buyer or a processor. The chairmanship of the Commission alternates annually between countries.
The commissioners appoint the Director who supervises the scientific staff, which collects and analyzes statistical and biological data needed to manage the halibut fishery. The commissioners annually review the regulatory proposals made by the scientific staff and consider proposals from the industry, the Conference Board, and the Processors Advisory Group. The regulatory measures adopted by the Commission are submitted to the two governments for approval and fishers of both nations are required to observe the approved regulations.


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On the 17th of November 2015, the UNESCO General Conference voted in favor of designating 28th of September as International Day for the Universal Access to Information. It should be highlighted that the resolution was pushed and initiated by African civil society groups and African countries.
It is noteworthy that since 2002 different countries worldwide have been celebrating Freedom of Information Day. The celebration of the day on annual basis was initiated by the Freedom of Information Advocates Network during the conference in Sofia, on September 26th-28th 2002. The said date in contrast with the International Day for the Universal Access to Information established by the UNESCO Resolution was of non formal character as it was mainly celebrated by Freedom of Information Advocates and civil society groups.
The UNESCO Resolution one more time emphasizes the importance and necessity of access to information in the process of developing truly democratic societies. In addition the document highlights that till to date there remain many challenges to be faced. E.g. access to information is still not guaranteed in many countries on basic legislative levels. UNESCO hopes that the given initiative will support the process of raising public awareness and will serve as a massage on the international arena supporting the need of ensuring access to information to the highest level possible. According to the statement of the organization the date of the 28th of September will have a symbolic character and on the given day different activities, conferences, public discussions and other awareness raising activities will be organized on the international level.
The Resolution invites all Member States, United Nations system organizations, and other international and regional organizations, as well as civil society, including non-governmental organizations to celebrate the date each year by taking active participation in different awareness raising activities.
Georgia and Corruption - Georgia Failed to Present Anything at the Conference of UNCAC States Parties27.01.2022
Ambrolauri and Lanchkhuti Municipalities Adopted Building Integrity and Transparency Strategies and Action Plans26.01.2022
The scientists of the Polish Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) will study the graves of the repressed people during the Mass Terror in Adjara24.01.2022
On 28 December 2021 Russia's Supreme Court ruled to shut the International Memorial society29.12.2021
The Coalition responds to the ad hoc hearing of the amendments to the Organic Law on Common Courts28.12.2021
Digital Services as a Mean of Direct Interaction between the State, Business, and Citizens on the Example of MY.GOV.GE23.01.2022
Challenges of Civil Service and its Policy in the Public Administration System of Georgia22.01.2022


Why is it Called a Burrito?
Across the globe, burritos are noted as a staple in Mexican cuisine. The meat, cheese, bean, and veggie stuffed tortillas are extremely popular, but most people are unaware of their origins. If you are looking for Burritos or Tacos in Farmingdale, it may be worthwhile to learn where they came from and why they are called "burritos" to begin with!
The word burrito translates to "little donkey", stemming from "burro" which means donkey, and "-ito" which means little. Burritos do not contain any donkey products and they do not look like donkeys, so where did the name come from? The truth is that we don't know for a fact who invented the burrito or why. We know that burritos were invented sometime in the 20th century and that there are many theories about their creation. Here are a few examples of theories:
 - Juan Méndez, a street vendor in Chihuahua, Mexico, invented the burrito. During the Mexican Revolution in the 1910s, Méndez decided to wrap his food in flour tortillas to keep it warm and transport it on his small donkey. He then realized that wrapping the food in a tortilla was tasty and a good way to serve it.
 - People from a northwestern state of Mexico, called Sonora, invented the burrito because of its mobility. Burritos in Mexico at the time were not as stuffed and full as they are today in the United States, so they were extremely easy to travel with. This influenced the burrito's name because it was the donkey's sidekick in travel.
 - The burrito was invented in Ciudad Juárez in the 1940s by a street vendor. He portioned the food and wrapped it in a tortilla, making it appropriate for school children, whom he derogatively referred to as "burritos" because he believed they were unintelligent.
While their origins are unclear, burritos have stood the test of time. While they were likely simple at the time of their creation, burritos have evolved to include an enormous variety of ingredients, fillings, and flavors. The more classic-styled burritos typically contain some of the following ingredients:
 - Beans
 - Rice
 - Meat
 - Guacamole
 - Salsa
 - Pico de gallo
 - Cheese
 - Sour Cream
 - Corn
 - Lettuce
 - Peppers
 - … and more!
With an endless range of ingredients, it is easy to find a burrito that works for you and your tastebuds! If you are looking for burritos or tacos in Farmingdale, come visit us at High Tide Taco Bar. Here, we have vegan options, seasonal specialties, amazing Taco Tuesday deals, and a vast menu of options! Contact us for burritos and tacos in Farmingdale today!


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About Color in Nature
Color in Nature began its journey in 1994 when a group of thirteen artists decided to join in a workshop. The first venue that had been chosen was Migdal, a rural settlement located in Northern Israel in the beautiful surrounding facing the sea of Galilee. Since then, the number of group members has largely increased and is now approximately one hundred. The members of Color in Nature organize art, painting and sculpture workshops several times a year, and they display their works – paintings and sculptures – both in Israel and outside of Israel. In so doing, the members of Color in Nature set both themselves and their works in the Israeli art scene.
The members of Color in Nature are in tune with contemporary Israeli art. They express themselves through their artistic values, in shape and composition, wherein each artist expresses his or her own truth, in his or her own unique way. The members of Color in Nature become completely submerged in Nature. And they let the impressions produced from the landscape and from their surroundings seep into them, into their souls, in a personal saying which is born of the artistic experience itself – the textures of colors, shapes, light and shadows, which the landscape provides for the artist.
The members of Color in Nature are usually either painters or sculptors, but some are both. Color in Nature is a homogenous and tightly knit group, but at the same time it is multifaceted and pluralistic in its methods of expression, its techniques, and the technologies each member has chosen for his or her self expression. Within the artistic process one can observe magic-like phenomena that take place in the artists' souls, both in painting and in sculpture, some kind of a private poetry which is formed through the interaction of artists, canvases, brushes and landscapes. The joy of artistic creation grows steadily and it aspires for a harmony not unlike that of an orchestra of musical instruments playing in Nature, a fusion created by the merging of the Color in Nature artists and the landscape.
This artistic website contains a world filled with the joy of creation, in full and vivid colors. The members of Color in Nature whose works are displayed on this website enrich its artistic content, each artist according to his or her talents, artistic achievements and faithfulness to the landscapes and colors.
The joint outings in Nature, the intoxicating landscapes and all the other artistic activities have brought the members of Color in Nature closely together and created friendly and creative bonds between them. The various results of these joint activities are shown here on the website and demonstrate the wealth of creation and the artistic and social accomplishments of the Color in Nature artists.


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You can fine-tune your monitor to improve the accuracy of the energy consumption it presents. This is done using the "FINE TUNE" setting from the menu. Follow these steps to calibrate your device:
1) Take a reading from your electricity meter in the morning at a time when there is not much load on in your house and note down the 'TODAY' reading on your Minim+
e.g. Meter reading: 00324.5
2) Wait at least 10 hours. During this time use your household appliances as normal. Do not run this test over night!
3) Take another reading from your electricity meter when there is not much load on in your house note down the 'TODAY' reading on your Minim+
e.g. Meter reading: 00332.5
4) Work out the difference between your electricity meter readings.
e.g. 332.5 – 324.5 = 8
5) Work out the difference between your Minim 'TODAY' readings.
e.g. 10.15 – 1.5 = 8.6
6) Compare the two differences in readings, and work out the calibration factor using the following calculation
Meter reading / Minim reading = Calibration Factor
e.g. 8 / 8.6 = 0.93023
7) Round up your calibration factor to the nearest 100th and adjust the Fine-tune value in the settings menu to match.


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Get in an insight into how scientists convince the world their ideas are worth publishing in this video.
Scientists spend days, months or even years analysing the data they have collected in the field or lab, in a quest to find the evidence to prove their ideas. Sometimes the data can produce unexpected results, which may change the way they need to be interpreted, but this can be very exciting.
Getting a new result is only the beginning. In this video Museum plant researcher Karen James talks about her orchid research and describes the roller-coaster ride of getting her results accepted by the global scientific community, and published.
'The most exciting thing for me about science is when you get a new result and, even though it may just be a small advance, for a few days or weeks you are the only person on earth who knows about it.' says Karen James.


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Planning the database
After you have determined your data requirements, think about ways to structure the database that will optimally convey stored information to your users. You can decide how you want to structure your database before you begin conceptualizing your page layouts, or while you develop the application interface itself. Your individual workflow needs will determine exactly how and when you create your database.
You may want to sketch the database out on paper before you begin creating it. The first step is to choose the tables in the database. A database table contains collections of related entities, such as persons, objects, or events, and divides this information into horizontal rows and vertical columns. In database terminology, each table column represents a field, and each table row represents a record.
Once you have decided on the number and types of tables that will make up your database, choose the columns for each table. Columns describe the properties of each entity or record in the table. For example, you might have a database table called CONTACTS that contains the names and addresses of a group of people. The CONTACTS table might contain columns for each person's name, street, city, state, zip code, and phone number. Each horizontal row in the CONTACTS table would represent a single record for an individual, much like a trading card contains information about a particular person.
In general, it is good practice to make sure that each of your tables has a primary key column—a column that contains values unique to each row in the table. This allows you to select an exact row when searching the database. Most primary key columns consist of ID numbers, but you can use other kinds of primary keys such as government form numbers or product serial numbers.
For more information, see Dreamweaver Help (Help > Using Dreamweaver > Appendixes > Beginner's Guide to Databases).
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The Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) Secretariat purchases goods, materials, equipment, rights, works, services, etc. from prequalified Tenderers on a sound and equitable basis, in accordance with applicable laws, the requirements of the Forum's internal documents, the highest ethical standards of business and service conduct and with regard for the total cost of ownership and benefit realization.
The GECF Secretariat endorses the competitive bid process as its preferred method of selecting Contractors. The following contracting principles apply to the acquisition of all goods, materials, equipment, rights, works, services, etc. by the Forum:
- Maintain an "open door" policy with free and ready access for Tenderers and Contractors;
- Do not engage in fraudulent practices (including accepting gifts or benefits from a Contractor or Tenderer and participating with such persons in entertainment of either an unusual nature, or that might be perceived as influencing the Forum's purchasing behavior);
- Do not engage in fraudulent practices, which include the unauthorized disclosure of information acquired in confidence during the procurement process;
- Provide equal opportunity to all qualified Tenderers to compete for available business;
- Concentrate business with Contractors who demonstrate a commitment to continuous quality improvement to their goods, materials and services.
Tender process by the GECF Secretariat involves the following steps:
- Prequalification of Tenderers where appropriate;
- Invitation to tender and issuance of tender documents;
- Receipt and evaluation of tenders;
- Contract award;


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Two judo fighters face off, one in a white judogi (the traditional judo uniform) and one in blue. They reach for each other's shoulders and lock arms, in what looks like an awkward dance, before the fighter in blue throws his opponent head-over-feet onto the mat.
Judo and mixed martial arts have become increasingly popular over the past few years and scientists have taken note. The two fighters were actually filmed as part of a science experiment that demonstrates how researchers can quantify exactly how the athletes are spending their energy. The video will be published in JoVE, the Journal of Visualized Experiments.
Previously, researchers have only been able to study predictable sports that are easy to replicate in the laboratory, such as running. With this new method, scientists will be able to study the team and individual sports that have previously been neglected.
"Each sport has specific characteristics which confer different metabolic demands to them," said paper-author Dr. Emerson Franchini. "One of the most important aspects of the metabolic demand is the relative contribution of the energy systems."
Three energy systems are used in exercise: the aerobic metabolism, which uses oxygen to convert nutrients into energy; lactic anaerobic metabolism, which doesn't require oxygen and makes energy exclusively from carbohydrates, with lactic acid as a by-product; and alactic anaerobic metabolism, which makes energy without oxygen and doesn't produce lactic acid.
In this article, the researchers chose to study judo, a complex and unpredictable sport. To figure out the relative contributions of each energy system, the researchers recorded the participants' resting oxygen consumption, and used a portable gas analyzer (which looks a little bit like a mini jet-pack) to measure exercise oxygen consumption. The researchers took these measures, as well as post-exercise oxygen consumption, rest lactate concentration, and peak lactate concentration post-exercise, and used various mathematical formulas to determine how much each individual energy system contributed.
"One amazing aspect of this method is that it can provide information regarding the energy demands of specific components within a sport," said JoVE Content Director, Dr. Aaron Kolski-Andreaco. "For example, the relative contributions of the energy systems can be calculated for different Judo throws, and the authors elegantly demonstrate this in their article."
As the authors point out, the problems with assessing unpredictable or team sports in the laboratory has meant that less attention has been paid to those sports by scientists. They hope that this method will help change that.
More information: To watch the full video article, please follow the link: _URL_


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OLD UNION, TX (LIMESTONE COUNTY)
OLD UNION, TEXAS (Limestone County). Old Union is just south of Farm Road 3371 and twelve miles southeast of Groesbeck in southeastern Limestone County. It was named for an early interdenominational church. Its population was estimated at 100 in the mid-1930s. A church, a sawmill, two other businesses, and several scattered houses marked the site in the late 1940s, by which time the number of residents had risen to 150. In the 1980s and early 1990s the community's population was reported at twenty-five, and only the church and cemetery were shown on maps of the area.
The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this article.Vivian Elizabeth Smyrl, "OLD UNION, TX (LIMESTONE COUNTY)," Handbook of Texas Online (_URL_ accessed May 25, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.


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Yifu Deng of QUT's School of Public Health studied the interplay between genetics, smoking and the development of Parkinson's disease with 400 people who had Parkinson's disease and 400 people without it.
Dr Deng looked at the genetic background of individuals in each group for the presence of the CYP2D6 gene, which had previously been suggested to metabolise the chemical compounds found in cigarette smoke, in both groups.
He found that smokers with the gene who metabolised the cigarette smoke compounds quickly were less likely to be protected than those who metabolised the chemical compounds more slowly.
"It seems that if the chemical compounds stay in the body longer they are more likely to have a preventative effect," Dr Deng said.
"It also seems that if you have the gene but you are not a smoker the gene may have no use in preventing Parkinson's."
Dr Deng said it was not known how the cigarette smoke compounds protected against Parkinson's.
He warned that there were still many smokers who suffered from Parkinson's. Additionally, smoking was notorious for causing cancers.
Parkinson's disease is a common degenerative neurological disease in the elderly, affecting up to 4.9 percent Australians aged 55 and over.
"Our study findings aid in further understanding of the causes of Parkinson's disease and may help identify people who are at higher risk of the disease," he said.
The study is the first to look at the genetic epidemiology of Parkinson's disease by addressing individual genetic types in relation to cigarette smoke metabolism.
Dr Deng's study may provide the potential to reveal new targets for strategies of altering Parkinson's disease risk.
Media contact: Niki Widdowson, QUT media officer, +61 7 3864 1841 or _EMAIL_.
**High res pic of Dr Deng available.
Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.


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Usually, optical laser measurement systems or radar sensors are used for displacement and distance measurements over long distances of up to several hundred meters. However, these optical distance sensors do not work reliable in the long term under all environmental conditions. In the case of crane tracks operating outdoors and in the manufacture of steel products in steel mills, the ambient conditions are characterized by heat, dust and dirt. Outdoors, frost, snow and rain, but also heat and direct sunlight are disturbance factors for optical measuring systems. The Long Distance Positioning System LDPS can be a good alternative also for gantry cranes and overhead cranes.
Long Distance Positioning System Magnettrack®
With our partner Magnettrack, we have developed a Long Distance Positioning System that has been refined and optimized over the last years. Magnetostrictive distance measurement systems can be used together with the LDPS to easily measure long distances. Normally, such linear transducers have a measuring range of a few centimeters up to a maximum of around 8 meters.
Previously, when positioning over longer distances was required, it was possible to cascade several transducers to achieve longer measuring distances. However, this approach is relatively expensive and the evaluation of the position data is sometimes quite complex.
Therefore, we have reversed the procedure for this long-distance positioning system. The actual measuring system moves with the part of the plant to be positioned. This can be, for example, a crane or a rail-bound vehicle. The marking of the positions is done by magnetic markers, which are distributed over the distance to be measured.
The function of the LDPS system, combined with a magnetostrictive transducer, is based on a PLC function-block, which is integrated into the PLC of the crane control system.
There, the absolute positions of several magnetic position sensors are recorded and compared with each other. This results in a unique assignment for each position along the travel path of a crane. The position markers here are simple magnets that have to be mounted at a specified distance from each other.
There are various methods for optimally adapting the LDPS to specific applications.
Non-contact linear transducers working on the principle of Magnetostriction are state of the art and standard in factory automation since decades. The position detection is non-contact and therefor wear-free via magnets, which are moving along the transducer. Also in Hydraulic cylinders this kind of measurement system has proven reliable.
Discrete Magnettrack® System
An explanation of the basic system function of this systems is shown in this video:
With this discrete system, the position markers consist of individual but specially dimensioned magnets. These are mounted at precisely defined distances along the travel path. On each section of the distance to be measured, at least 2 or 3 of the position markers are located within the measuring range of the transducer. The absolute position of the crane can be derived from the distances between the position sensors. The disadvantage of the system is that the position magnets have to be mounted quite accurately. If, for example, the position of a magnet is changed by external influences, the system will detect this as an error.
Adaptive Magnettrack® System LDPS
In this adaptive system, the position markers consist of a combination of several magnets. This means that each magnet can be assigned to a specific position. In contrast to the standard system, the mounting of the markers is much more flexible. Problems with mounting due to obstacles along the travel path, such as control cabinets or steel beams, can be avoided by the distances not being fixed.
Adaptive positioning is a standard solution that can be integrated easily and convenient.
Here, the position markers can be mounted very flexibly along the travel path without specific specifications. Even identical position markers can be present several times along the crane's travel path. This makes it easier to replace them if necessary, e.g. after damage. There ie no need to keep many different position markers in stock as spare parts.
The fault-tolerant system can even be expanded during operation. New or modified position markers will be recognized during regular operation.
Upgrade of existing equipment with LDPS
Due to its flexibility, the LDPS is also suitable for retrofitting and thus automating existing plants.
An overview of the advantages of the LDPS Long Distance Positioning System is given in this video:
Advantages of LDPS Positioning
- Insensitive againts vibration and shock
- Resistant to environmental conditions in steel production such as steam, dust, slag, etc.
- Long measurement distance, almost infinite measurement range
- Absolute positioning without reference travel
- Maximum travel speed up to 10 m/s
- High accuracy even at large distance
- Maintenance free
- Long lifetime
- Wide temperate range -40…+85°С
- Protection class IP67
LDPS application – positioning of coke machines in a steel mill
Long Distance Positioning systems are already successfully in use in several coking plants as well as in the production of pipes for pipelines and work reliably despite adverse environmental conditions. Depending on the system and position markers selected, different distances are possible. Tolerances along the travel path, such as those caused by wear on the wheels, can be compensated.
More information on the LDPS in this onepager:
If you have any question on the LDPS you can get in touch with me
Other automation solutions for Metallurgy you can find here:


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In response to:
Kids Without a Country from the January 6, 1966 issue
To the Editors:
Edgar Z. Friedenberg's excellent review, "Kids Without a Country," is accompanied by a drawing whose source you fail to identify. The two ladder-carrying boys in it are neither without country, nor uncommitted, nor alienated. They are on their way to the unsuccessful plunder of a ravens' nest.
The cartoonist-poet Wilhelm Busch (_PHONE_) composed the caption that originally accompanied this first of eleven drawings of his cartoon "Das Rabennest":
Zwei Knaben jung und heiter,
Die tragen eine Leiter.
Was this illustration meant to imply that Mr. Keniston is as uncritical of contemporary American society as was Wilhelm Busch of the German society of his day—or that he has as little to be critical of?
Herbert J. Spiro
Department of Political Science
University of Pennsylvania


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One of our main responsibilities as timber suppliers in Brisbane is to ensure that all of our timber is ethically sourced. In other words, it must be grown and harvested in a way that doesn't have a negative impact on the species of timber we harvest, the forest or plantation itself or the carbon footprint. While most issues concerning responsible forestry are well-publicised, there is one that isn't: genetic pollution of timber.
What is Genetic Pollution?
Genetic pollution is a term that refers to genes taking over a species through various means. In forestry, it is usually what happens when genes from exotic species invade local forest stands.
Species that survive do so due to their ability to adapt or genetic diversity. A balance must be struck to allow species to adapt within their species, but also to preserve a number of species to allow genetic diversity outside of any particular species.
What it Means to You
Many timber species are seen only in particular regions. The differences between timber grown in different regions demonstrate how they can evolve genetically based on surviving a particular locale or climate.
Australia formulated something called the National Strategy on the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity in 1996. In 2005, the Australian Government developed a set of regulations regulating the use of Australia's native genetic resources.
Threats to Native Genetic Diversity
Inappropriate clearing or timber harvesting can have a negative effect on genetic diversity. So can growing exotic species on plantations too close to native forests or planting exotic species in a native forest after clearing.
What We Do About It
Luckily, the Institute of Foresters of Australia has strong policies to prevent genetic pollution of native timber species. There are also government regulations. To make a long story short, we only carry timber that has been forested and harvested according to ethical procedures that prevent genetic pollution and help preserve our native timber while protecting the environment.
Call Narangba Timbers to find out more: (07) 3888 1293.


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Students, Stories, and the 'Silent Service'
An Oral History Project at Independence Seaport Museum
In Partnership with the National Park Service, Maritime Academy Charter School, the Delaware Valley Chapter of the United States Submarine Veterans of World War II and the United States Submarine Veterans, Inc.
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that World War II veterans are dying at a rate of 1,056 a day – more then 385,000 a year. Of the approximately 16 million Americans who served in the armed forces during WWII, estimates are that fewer than 4 million are alive today. As these individuals slip away so does the opportunity to capture their unique stories.
In an effort to collect, preserve and honor these fading memories a partnership was formed between the National Parks Service, Maritime Academy Charter School, the Delaware Valley Chapter of the United States Submarine Veterans of World War II (USSVWWII), the United States Submarine Veterans, Inc. (USSVI) and Independence Seaport Museum to create Students, Stories, and the 'Silent Service' – an oral history project focusing on the personal experiences of submariners. These stories have been placed in the museum's Archives and Library and are being used to enhance the visitor experience on board the USS Becuna, the museum's WWII and Cold War BALAO-class submarine.
As the second largest artifact in the collection at Independence Seaport Museum, the USS Becuna is 307 feet long and carried 10 officers and 80 enlisted men. Built in New London, Connecticut and launched in 1944, the Submarine Becuna (SS-319) completed five wartime patrols in the Pacific Ocean and is credited with sinking 3.5 Japanese merchant ships during WWII. After it was modernized in 1951, the USS Becuna's Cold War missions often found her in the Atlantic, trailing Soviet submarines with eavesdropping equipment aboard. The Becuna was decommissioned in 1969 and has been part of Independence Seaport Museum's Historic Ship Zone since 1996.
The project Students, Stories, and the 'Silent Service' began by pairing students in grades nine through twelve from Maritime Academy Charter School who had completed a three-day workshop about WWII, the Cold War and the process of conducting an oral history with submarine veterans from the Delaware Valley Chapter of the USSVWWII and the USSVI. Students asked the veterans questions they had crafted in groups prior to the interviews about life onboard the submarine, the experience of war and what the veterans went on to do after they completed their service. Students also had the opportunity to learn and use audio and visual equipment and act as both the rundown operator and the director for interviews conducted by their peers. The complete set of videos and transcriptions is collected in ISM's Archives & Library Department.
One of the most positive outcomes of the project was the interaction between the two diverse groups; young high school students began to realize and appreciate the service aging submarine veterans gave to their country and to future generations. In a letter written after her participation in the program, Tiearra Sampson stated, "the program was a real learning experience for me. Before, WWII didn't come to mind often but now thanks to the program I have so many questions and thoughts in general about it…." What ISM museum staff discovered upon completion of the program was that the oral history project did not just touch the lives of those participating. Cindy Floyd, a parent of a student participant wrote, "…this was an important and invaluable experience, one I as a parent will treasure and one as an educator I too have learned from…."
Students, Stories, and the 'Silent Service' goes far beyond simply recording the stories of WWII and Cold War veterans. Independence Seaport Museum has placed a video presentation aboard the USS Becuna, expanding the public's understanding of WWII and the Cold War as well as the men who served in the submarine force. This will ensure that this history is never "silent," and will make the USS Becuna come alive. This video is also available on our website.
- Learn more about Becuna on Independence Seaport Museum's USS Becuna webpage »
- Visit the United States Submarine Veterans (USSVI) Website »
- Visit the Maritime Academy Charter School Website »


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'--X:129. There are however some surprisingly notable differences between this song and the Rig Vedic hymn. In particular, the Rig Veda does not refer to:
- Creation of the First Mother
- First Mother as the Creator of the One God
- Future turning into the past
- Time and space being re-fashioned by First Mother, so that She
becomes less and last, while God becomes more and first.
(It has not been possible to discover how certain elements of this pre-ancient song, which was sung at least upto 5,122 BC, came to be omitted in the Rig Veda, which according to author Gidwani, was composed around 4600 BC).
A Note of Caution: It would be a mistake to assume that the ancients accepted the above Hymn or even the various prayer songs literally. Spiritually and philosophically, the ancients were ahead of the modern generation; they employed allegory, imagery, figurative speech and abstract concepts and ideas liberally, but there was no question that anyone in those times would actually confuse the Creator with the form of She or He. References to God as She, or the First Mother having preceded Him, were simply intended to emphasize the notion that amongst the greatest attributes of God were His love and compassion - qualities which are more noticeable in a woman and a Mother than in males. For the rest, it was clearly recognized that the Creator (being also the Creation) was of 'formless form'. Many poems come to us from ancient times to explain the impossibility of describing the form of the Absolute. For instance:
"There the eye goes not,
Nor mind nor thought;
We know not, understand not;
Nor whence, why and what!
"How could I teach
By thought or speech
What I know not!
"Yet who knows!
In absolute silence,
With silent footsteps
The Absolute may arrive
To dwell for ever
Where He always dwelt -
In your self.
Then you must know
Yes, you shall know"
(Page 126, 'Return of the Aryans')
(The thought in the first two paragraphs of the above pre-ancient poem appears also in the later Kena Upanishad -II:3. However, the Upanishad does not include the hope expressed in the last two paragraph of this poem. Even so, the poem explains the impossibility of describing the form of the Absolute, which is attainable only in silence - the silence of within).
Question for Today
Return of the Aryans has many other examples of the high status and image enjoyed by women in ancient Sindh and India. It however remains to be explained how and why, in later times, the chauvinist males succeeded in downgrading Indian women and womanhood by introducing Sati, Dowri, and a thousand social disabilities for the female sex. Actually, the challenge is greater than merely explaining how the degradation of women took place in the Indian society. The larger question is: How did India with its great and glorious past come to the present sorry stage? - communal disharmony, clamour for separation & secession, riots, corruption, poverty, disease, disrespect for parents, and loss of family values.
'Return of the Aryans' is certainly a great novel, powerfully presented, with deep and enduring insights into our ancient culture. Every parent should present the lessons from this saga to his children, so that they understand what their ancient heritage is. Our children must learn what their roots were, and they must also realize that a society that fails to respect its women may have had a great past, but it can never have a great future, unless it mends its ways.
- Note 1. Bhagwan S. Gidwani's 'Return of the Aryans' is published by Penguin Books, India (Book No. ISBN 0-14-024053-5) and has been reprinted twice this year.
- Note 2: The above article may be freely reproduced fully or partly without permission


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Enjoy a fabulous art process using combs and brightly coloured paints, to explore textures and patterns with kids!
Painting sessions with young children are much less about creating an end result and finished product than they should be about exploring materials in an experimental, hands-on way. This fun activity teaches kids tout using new materials in a different way, investigating how to create patterns and textures and observing colour mixing.
We recently found this great selection of plastic combs at the £1 shop and stocked up on them ready to do some fun experimenting with what effects we could create when dragging them through paint. Using a baking tray lined with tin foil, we squirted in some bright, ready-mix paints in rainbow colour order and dipped the combs into it to pick up some colour on the tips.
First they tried scraping the paint onto the paper this way, but it was hard to pick up enough to make many marks, so we quickly modified our idea by squirting the paints directly onto the paper and then scraping the combs through straight away. The results were gorgeous! We found the wide-tooth comb was the most effective although the fine combs did create an interesting contrast of tiny lines.
When we added larger amounts of paint, the colours merged together in a beautiful marbled effect after the comb was dragged through. Some sections looked like the patterns in peacock feathers!
Next I tried squirting the paint on in three wavy lines of colours, then asked them to experiment with combing the paint in a downward stroke to see what would happen as they combined. The result was a beautiful ocean-like effect!
We did the same again using two colours in a swirly heart shape, and they combed in criss-cross patterns to blend and mix them together.
We did find that the colours quickly merged to become a gunky brown sludge if over-painted and mixed through. So after a couple of experimental attempts we talked about simply dragging the colours until they were just mixed, then moving onto the next piece of paper. It helps to have lots of papers ready to go, as once they have started they are very keen to work fast!
These could look stunning as papers to cover notebooks or cut into shapes for the front of birthday and thank you cards for friends!
What they are learning as they play:
creativity: experimenting witha range of media, creating textures and patterns using everyday materials, combining colours to create new ones
motor skills: dragging an object, baby grip, hand/eye co-ordination, wrist and hand muscle strength
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Project Tags
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 - Magog (Irish version) (deceased)
 This is Magog, legendary ancestor of the Irish kings. For the Biblical Magog, see Magog. According to the Bible, one of Noah's grandsons was Magog / מגוג ( Genesis 10:2 ;...
 - Caesair Cruthach (Fictitious) (c.-653 - c.-633)
 She is a fictional character from legendary Irish genealogy. Sources Caesair Cruthach, Princess of the West Franks
 - Caesar Cruithach (Fictitious) (c.630 - d.)
 The father of Caesair (or Caesar) Cruithach is often called Caesar Cruithach as a convenient shorthand, although the sources that name her say only that her father was a king of the Gauls. Some unsou...
 - Flandrine (Fictitious) (c.750 - d.)
Many invented and fictional people have been inserted into genealogical collections, generally as part of an attempt to fill in the blanks, but also to connect cultures and justify claims to an ancient history.
Profiles for invented and fictional people often become battleground among genealogists.
 - Arthurian Fiction - people who are medieval inventions from the many stories of Arthurian romance
 - Frankish Fiction - people who are the invention of medieval Frankish chronicles
 - Greek Mythology - characters from Greek mythology. These will often, but not always, overlap Roman mythology.
 - Irish Fiction - characters from Irish mythology, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn.
 - Modern Fiction - people who appear to have been invented in the 19th and 20th centuries, including those invented by genealogical forgers and con men.
 - Norse Mythology - characters from Norse (Scandinavian) mythology.
 - Roman Mythology - characters from Rome mythology. These will often, but not always, overlap Greek mythology.
 - Welsh Mythology - characters from Welsh mythology.
'To add additional projects, contact one of the project collaborators.'
The Stuart Line back to King Arthur through Fleance & Banquo


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to replace it by other means. I like pills and sprays, which the same active substance.
► How to open the lid of the drug Drops?
Since such means is always the child, then deal with the cap will not be easy. But simply her and then pressed a scroll as usual (counterclockwise).
► The taste or Stomatofit – which is better?
In these preparations the active substances are completely different components. And if in the first it's mostly synthetic means, the second – natural herbs. It is better to apply in each case must be decided by the doctor, as they are not interchangeable. It is also important to take into account the tendency to allergies to certain components. If you compare indications for use of each of them, we can see that the Taste can help in increasing number of diseases of the throat and mucous than Stomatofit.