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LONDON (REUTERS).- The exceptionally dry early summer months in Britain have revealed the ghostly outlines of several hundred previously unknown ancient sites buried in fields across the English countryside.
From Roman forts to Neolithic settlements and military remains dating to World War Two, English Heritage has been busily photographing the exciting discoveries from the air.
Known as crop marks, the faint outlines of unseen buried structures emerged because of the length of the dry spell, leading the national conservator to label 2010 a vintage year for archaeology.
The outlines show up when crops grow at different rates over buried structures. Shallower soils tend to produce a stunted crop and are more prone to parching, bringing to light the new features.
"It's hard to remember a better year," said Dave MacLeod, a senior investigator with English Heritage.
"Crop marks are always at their best in dry weather, but the last few summers have been a disappointment," he said.
"This year we have taken full advantage of the conditions. We try to concentrate on areas that in an average year don't produce much archaeology."
One of this year's most important finds is a Roman camp in Dorset, southwest England. Experts say it is a relatively rare structure in that part of the country with only three others known of in the region.
The lightly built defensive enclosure, which emerged from parched barley fields, provided basic protection for Roman soldiers on maneuvers in the first century AD.
In the Holderness area of the East Riding of Yorkshire, an area rich in agricultural land on the east coast, 60 new, mainly prehistoric sites, were found in just one day.
Archaeologists say at least 200 new historic sites have been discovered with detail on many more existing structures revealed for the first time.
At another Roman site for example, a fort at Newton Kyme in North Yorkshire, the crop marks showed stronger defensive walls built of stone three meters thick, together with a massive enclosing ditch.
English Heritage says some important structures have not been seen in their entirety since the scorching conditions of the 1976 drought.
(Writing by Stefano Ambrogi; Editing by Steve Addison)


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A project of the William M. Scholl Center for American History and Culture, the Atlas of Historical County Boundaries is a powerful historical research and reference tool in electronic form. The Atlas presents in maps and text complete data about the creation and all subsequent changes in the size, shape, and location of every county in the fifty United States and the District of Columbia. It also includes non-county areas, unsuccessful authorizations for new counties, changes in county names and organization, and the temporary attachments of non-county areas and unorganized counties to fully functioning counties. The principal sources for these data are the most authoritative available: the session laws of the colonies, territories, and states that created and changed the counties. Funding for the project was provided by the National Endowment for the Humanities and support from numerous private individuals and foundations.
Published in 2010, updated in 2012

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Structural/ propulsion instability
Pogo Analysis: Complex Dynamic Interactions in Rockets
Crean and Associates subject matter experts perform pogo analysis of 1st and 2nd stages of new Launch rockets. Pogo is a behavior that occurs due to coupling of a liquid fueled vehicle's propellant feedline modes of vibration with axial structural modes of the vehicle and is driven by the thrust feedback of the engine. Axial vibrations create disturbances that travel through the engine and are manifest as thrust oscillations. The resulting interaction can result in a system that is unstable. If this happens, the resulting vibration can be extremely violent and can potentially cause loss of the vehicle and payload.
During a recent project, CREAN Launch, Missiles, & Propulsion team engineers worked closely with customer engineers to develop mathematical models and process test data. In addition to flight analysis, a study of the stage as installed in a test stand was also performed to ensure that this system would remain stable. Throughout this relationship, the CREAN personnel not only performed analysis, but also provided guidance and instruction so that the customer engineers learned both the physics of the problem and the software used in its analysis. We are committed to not just helping solve problems, but also passing on our knowledge and experience.
CREAN. For when it does take a rocket scientist.
Privacy Preferences


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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as a Simple Tool to Aid Modeling of Particulate Waste Distribution at Marine Fish Cage Sites
From the amount of farmed raised fish that flow in and out of grocery stores and restaurants, there must be one that causes food poisoning? Well this could be due to high levels of organic matter within the large pools that the fish come from. In this article, carbon settling at the bottom of the large tanks in the form of uneaten food and fecal matter is brought to the forefront of the conversation through using GIS technology.
This interesting article from O. M. Perez, brings in old formulas that help calculate carbon distribution within and around the tanks. Perez uses these formulas to calculate the numbers that are then applied with GIS to come up with some highly informative graphs and diagrams.
These two graphs show the distribution of carbon within one tank on the property of a fishery. These graphs help fishery owners begin to realize why some of their fish are losing them money and then harm the buyer with possibly contaminated fish.
By using the formulas that are presented in the article these graphs are formed and help environmentalists to change the ways of filtering and help them begin to theorize about new ways to grow the farm raised fishery business. At the end of this article however Perez brings us back to reality and tells us how this technology is still not sufficient enough to change the world with just a few examples. This lack of using technology especially GIS technology is holding new ways of production back and should be changed just how Perez is emphasizing.
O.M. Perez, T.C. Telfer, M.C.M. Beveridge, L.G. Ross (20 November 2000). Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as a Simple Tool to Aid Modelling of Particulate Waste Distribution at Marine Fish Cage Sites. Retrieved from: _URL_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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|This article does not cite any references or sources. (December 2009)|
||This article may contain original research. (April 2013)|
A demographic or demographic profile is a term used in marketing and broadcasting, to describe a demographic grouping or a market segment. This typically involves age bands (as teenagers do not wish to purchase denture fixant), social class bands (as the rich may want different products than middle and lower classes and may be willing to pay more) and gender (partially because different physical attributes require different hygiene and clothing products, and partially because of the male/female mindsets).
A demographic profile can be used to determine when and where advertising should be placed so as to achieve maximum results. In all such cases, it is important that the advertiser get the most results for their money, and so careful research is done to match the demographic profile of the target market to the demographic profile of the advertising medium. For instance, shortly after the cancellation of Star Trek in 1969, NBC's marketing department complained that was premature. They explained that their newly instituted demographic audience profiling techniques indicated that the series' main young urban audience was highly desirable for advertisers. In 1971, CBS acted on their own marketing department's demographic findings about their television network's programming and canceled several series that appealed primarily to older and rural audiences in a move nicknamed the rural purge.
In more recent years, such demographic marketing considerations does not always dictate such drastic programming decisions with the rise of numerous cable channels. For instance, on the channel, The Hub, it was discovered that their original animated series, My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic, was not only attracting good ratings with its intended young girl demographic, but also a significant teen and adult male and female audience as well. Although this cross-demographic appeal was entirely unexpected by the network's executives, the franchise owner, Hasbro, decided to take advantage of this opportunity with some considerations for this fandom in the series' writing and marketing and the decision produced favorable results with the series attracting the highest ratings in the network's history.
A good way to figure out the intended demographic of a television show, TV channel, or magazine is to study the ads that accompany it. For example, in the United States the television program The Price is Right most frequently airs from 11 a.m. to Noon. The commercials on it (besides the use of product placement in the show itself) are often for things like arthritis pain relievers and diapers. This indicates that the target demographics are senior citizens and parents with young children, both of whom would be home at that time of day and see that show. Another example would be MTV, for it has many ads with digital audio players indicating that the channel is targeted to young adults and teenagers and/or fans of music.


Aluminium Smelting
Australia is the world's sixth largest producer of aluminium and has 4 operating smelters. As electricity is a key input in aluminium smelting, smelters are usually located in areas with reliable, historically low-cost electricity.
The Australian industry continuously focuses on improving electricity efficiency, while also leading the global industry in controlling direct greenhouse gas emissions.
The HallHéroult process is the main method of smelting aluminium used today and consists of five steps:
 1. adding bath and alumina;
 2. anode;
 3. electrolysis;
 4. tapping; and
 5. primary casting.
Adding Bath and Alumina
Inside a pot, alumina is dissolved in a "bath" of molten cryolite (sodium aluminium fluoride) and
other materials.
A pot is a large rectangular cell, lined with carbon blocks and insulating bricks. This lining forms
the "cathode".
A potline is a long building, or collection of buildings, which contain a series of "pots", or large
electrolytic cells, in which aluminium is made.
Anodes are used to conduct electricity into the smelting cells/pots in the pot room. Anodes are
consumed in the smelting process and the remaining portions (known as butts) are recycled.
Anode Bake
Anodes are attached to rods and suspended into the electrolytic cells in the pot room where they are
slowly consumed in the aluminium smelting process.
Carbon anodes, made from petroleum coke and pitch, are often manufactured on site.
A high electric current is passed through pots via the anode. The current flows continuously from
the anode (positive) through alumina/cryolite mix to the lining of the pot (negative) and then onto
the next pot.
Electricity maintains the temperature of the process at about 950°C and enables the alumina to split
into aluminium and oxygen.
At regular intervals the molten aluminium is tapped from the pots and transported to the casthouse.
Primary Casting
The molten aluminium is cast at a temperature of just over 700°C to form ingots, slabs, billots and


(Photo credit by local photographer-artist Phil Wendt)
Architectural Purpose in The Sea Ranch
The Uniqueness of California's Famed Sea Ranch Community
The Sea Ranch is a stunningly beautiful and unique planned community located along a desirable stretch of the California coastline. Its uniqueness is without question as few communities earn their own exhibit at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art or begin as a challenge given to a group of college faculty members. The community has changed some during its more than 50-year history, but the changes are far less than what most people would expect in today's modern world. The Sea Ranch remains a place unlike anywhere else on the California coastline, or perhaps in the entire country.
How it Began
The Sea Ranch began in 1964 when Al Boeke, a local developer, hired a group of faculty members from the University of California to help create his vision. The architectural experts took on a challenge to transform a 5,200-acre sheep ranch into a nature-driven residential community. The land consisted of ten miles of coastline just three hours north of San Francisco and was a very desirable development spot.
How it Worked
The architecture in the community is exquisite, but carefully designed so it does not take attention away from the beauty of nature. Many of the homes include sloped roofs so they blend with the sloped terrain. The gray wood houses disappear into nature and stayed unpainted for that purpose. Every step taken received careful thought, so the natural world experienced as little disruption as possible.
The design of buildings arose after the architects studied the land where it would sit. The priority was always what existed naturally, and the homes became a part of the topography. Trees, shrubs, and bushes became privacy fences, windbreaks, and more instead of cleared out and replaced with grass seed or flower gardens and swimming pools as they would have been in other areas.
The Sea Ranch remains so valuable today because it is a functioning community that continues to follow by the same restrictions as its original design. It is proof that people can live comfortably and luxuriously without needing to pave or destroy nature. The area also offers an interesting vacation rental destination for those that want to experience what the coastline of California was like before the over development of all ocean-view property took place in the country.
Why it Excels
Community members remain committed to the original plans for the area. Today, the population of the community is around 1,300 people on 2,288 lots. New homes continue to go into the area, but each retains the basic look of the original buildings. The designs of the first homes were so ahead of their time, they look modern even according to 21st century standards. Open floor plans, a focus on views and natural light, and design features like ladders rather than staircases and lofts that make it easier to have more in less space.
Condominium One, a home built in 1964 and considered the first important building of the community, has a place on the National Register of Historic Places. It took only a year before a style of the home named after the community became one of the most desirable architectural styles around the world.
The builders were protective of nature, but also of the structure already on the property when they began. The only remaining structure from the original 19th-century farm was a barn built-in 1870. The barn remains on the property today and received a complete restoration in the 1980s.
How to Enjoy
It is still possible for people to make The Sea Ranch their home. The community allows new development if the homes meet the same design standards as the existing houses. Acceptable changes include the use of materials that make the homes more fire-resistant. The newer houses often stay small, and sometimes include multiple tiny connected structures to prevent monopolizing the view. It is an unusual tactic for builders developing a coastline, but this is also a place that originally advertised itself as a destination where " The terrain is rugged, the surf treacherous, the ocean cold." And it still succeeded.
Visitors that want to experience what life is like at the Sea Ranch can do so at a vacation rental. The rental houses available through the community are immaculate, and many have unbeatable ocean views. The community offers visitors a chance to see if they enjoy a calmer and more nature-centered life. Recreation centers, playgrounds, and picnic areas are located within the community. An on-site library is open to everyone and offers a change of pace for the quieter days of a vacation. Nearby the Sea Ranch are plenty of urban areas and natural sites that offer an endless amount of day and night activities of all types.
The desire of the architects that began The Sea Ranch project was to create a community where people would " live lightly on the land" The examples of this include the use of locally sourced Redwood boards for the siding of Condominium One in 1964. Today, when developers removed a tree from property to build a new home, the wood from the tree became the benches in the same yard. Visitors that want to experience the uniqueness of the community should honor the original planners and builders and plan to " live lightly" as well during their stay.


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Chimpanzees eat meat for two simple reasons: they can catch it and they like it. Chimpanzees are particularly likely to eat meat during the dry season, when shortages of the foods that normally make up the bulk of theirdiet cause them to lose weight. Although the meat may be a useful source of calories during the dry season, wild chimpanzees don't need to includemeat or any other animal-based food in their diet to fulfill their needs for protein or any of the amino acids. In fact, plants provide all of the nutrients that are known to be essential for a chimpanzee, except for vitamin D (which they get from the abundant sunshine in Africa) and vitamin B12 (which comes from bacteria).
Many people think that I am silly for asking where gorillas get their protein. They tell me that I should talk about chimpanzees instead. Often, they inform me that chimpanzees are far more similar to human beings than gorillas are, as if I couldn't tell that just by looking. These people are missing my point: gorillas are the largest and most powerful living primate and yet are the closest to following what human beings would consider a vegan diet. Chimpanzees and human beings don't need to eat meat to grow up big and strong because gorillas grow up to be far bigger and stronger without it. Lawyers may recognize this as an a fortiori argument.
If a male gorilla, whose digestive system is practically identical to a human being's, can get enough protein from vegetables to grow to weigh more than 400 pounds and be ten times as strong as a man, why shouldn't I expect that a relatively puny human Olympic weightlifter could also get enough protein from a plant-based diet? My intent is to ridicule the Four Food Groups dogma that I was taught in sixth grade.
Gorillas don't hunt or fish, and they don't keep cows or chickens. As a result, they don't eat meat or fish, dairy products or eggs. The only animal-source food they eat is "the other, other white meat": termites, slugs, and other creepy-crawlies. These foods would make an insignificant contribution to the gorillas' protein intake, which is already high because protein accounts for a high percentage of the calories in leaves.
Bugs and slugs could be a useful source of vitamin B12, a micronutrient that is made by bacteria in their intestines. Vitamin B12 is also produced by bacteria in a primate's gastrointestinal tract. However, the vitamin may be produced so far along in the intestinal tract that it isn't absorbed efficiently. No plants make vitamin B12, but gorillas and chimpanzees can probably get enough vitamin B12 from the bacteria in the bugs they eat and in the dirt that clings to their food. Plus, apes are not meticulous about washing their hands, if you get my drift. If you are worried about getting enough vitamin B12, you don't have to eat dirt or bugs. You can get it in a nice, clean tablet instead.
I don't ask where chimpanzees get their protein because chimpanzees do eat some meat. Chimpanzees probably eat less meat than just about any human population other than Buddhist monks. Nevertheless, many people want to use chimpanzees' meat consumption as an excuse for humans to eat meat.
The fact that chimpanzees' meat consumption is largely seasonal goes far toward explaining why human beings have always eaten meat. Chimpanzees are most likely to eat meat during the time of year when they are losing weight because their usual foods are in relatively short supply. People think of meat as a source of protein, but it's mainly a source of calories, especially from fat. Meat is also a good source of sodium, which is in relatively short supply in the chimpanzees' fruit and vegetable diet.
The fact that chimpanzees eat the most meat during times of food shortages suggests that their food choices follow a pattern that biologists call optimal foraging theory. Animals try to get the most calories for the least effort and without getting hurt. Optimal foraging theory explains why chimpanzees eat meat but gorillas don't, and why chimpanzees eat more meat during times of food shortage.
Chimpanzees are mainly fruit eaters, but they also eat a lot of vegetables. The problem with fruit is that it's seasonal. Worse yet, a fruit tree represents a rich enough source of calories that animals will fight over it. When fruit is scarce, chimpanzees can use the skills they developed in fighting over the fruit to engage in predatory behavior. Also, chimpanzees are small enough and fast enough that they are reasonably good hunters.
Gorillas, on the other hand, mainly eat leaves. There are generally plenty of leaves to go around, and a leafy plant is generally so poor in calories that it's not worth fighting to protect. To subsist on leaves, however, you have to eat an enormous volume of food. Since leaves are so low in calories, leaf-eaters have to be good at conserving their energy. That's why gorillas have such a placid disposition. For a gorilla, hunting is simply not worth the effort. They are too big and slow to catch very much, and they're large enough that they'd risk injury if they got too reckless.
Chimpanzees use twigs to fish for termites, and gorillas don't. Some people think that this fact means that chimpanzees are smarter than gorillas. I don't. If you are a juvenile gorilla or a pregnant or nursing female gorilla, you don't need to mess around with a little bitty twig to get a few termites. All you have to do is wait for the silverback to knock over a rotting tree. Then all of you can eat as many termites as you'd like.
Some people have argued that the balance between animal and plant foods in a hunter-gatherer society's diet represents the optimal balance for human nutrition. I think that's idiotic. Hunter-gatherer peoples (or should I say, gatherer-hunter peoples) tend to follow optimal foraging theory just like any other opportunistic feeder. Their goal is to survive in the short term, not to avoid breast or prostate cancer in middle or old age. The main threat to their short-term survival is starvation.
Meat represents a concentrated source of calories. The fact that a relatively high percentage of these calories comes from protein is actually a disadvantage. Hunting peoples prefer the fattiest foods. People who end up having to subsist on extremely low-fat meat, such as rabbit, are prone to a problem called fat-hunger or rabbit starvation. What makes meat valuable is the fat, not the protein. It's practically impossible to avoid getting enough protein, as long as you are eating enough unrefined plant foods to get enough calories.
Famine is not a significant cause of death in the United States. In fact, people in the United States are far more likely to die of the diseases of affluence, such as heart disease and cancers of the breast and prostate. Animal-based foods and fatty processed foods are the main contributing causes of the diseases of affluence. The ability to use animals for food may have helped human beings survive to the modern era, especially in the Arctic, but animal-based foods are a major cause of death and disability in the United States today. Think about that the next time you hear someone promoting a "Paleo" diet.


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Native to northern climates in Asia, crab apple trees are adapted to and thrive in cold weather, and they require only full sun and well-drained soil to grow well. Although these trees require some water, they can survive with little water during dry weather. Depending on their size, they can reach up to 25 feet tall, and they produce showy orange or pink blossoms.Continue Reading
Because crab apple trees can grow up to 25 feet tall, plant them in a location where they have room to spread out and grow as well as have access to full sun. Since they thrive in well-drained soil, amend less than ideal soil with sand or compost to increase the drainage. Additionally, using compost adds nutrients to the soil. If the tree doesn't grow more than 5 inches per year, dress the soil with organic matter or a high-nitrogen fertilizer to increase soil richness.
After planting the tree, add 2 inches of mulch, and give it 1 inch of water each week until it's established. After it matures, it needs watering only during drought conditions. Regularly snip off any watersprouts and suckers, and remove any damaged, diseased or dead limbs. Keep an eye out for apple scab or frog-eye leaf spot, which are two fungal diseases common to crab apple trees.Learn more about Trees & Bushes


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Synchronization and concurrency
Deadlock (and avoiding it)
Java 5: ConcurrentHashMap
Java copy-on-write collections
Along with ConcurrentHashMap, Java 5 introduces a copy-on-write implementation of a list: CopyOnWriteArrayList. It also introduces CopyOnWriteArraySet, essentially a convenience wrapper around the list.
An instance of CopyOnWriteArrayList behaves as a List implementation that allows multiple concurrent reads, and for reads to occur concurrently with a write. The way it does this is to make a brand new copy of the list every time it is altered.
During a write operation, the array must be locked completely against other writes. (The standard implementation uses a ReentrantLock.) However, this does mean that as mentioned, operations affecting multiple locations can be atomic. That is, if one thread adds several items to the list with addAll() while another thread calls size(), the thread reading the size will get a value that either reflects or not the number of elements added in addAll(): there'll be no possibility of an intermediate value returned (provided of course that these are the only two threads accessing the list!).
CopyOnWriteArrayList is designed for cases where:
The first two are fairly obvious: if too great, then either the size of the array or the frequency of writes can outweigh the benefit of not synchrozing.
The last point is possibly more subtle, but what it boils down to is this: if you only need the functionality of an array (that is, you don't need the list to grow arbitrarily, you don't need inserts etc), then the atomic array classes generally give better throughput. To illustrate this, the following graph shows overall throughput as we increase the number of reader threads concurrently reading from random positions in a shared 20-element array of integers. (There is always one writer thread, which continually writes to random positions.) Each coloured line represents the test run on an array synchronized in a different way. The "AtomicTest" array was an AtomicIntegerArray. The graph shows that throughput is generally a little better with the atomic array (after all, it is being used for what it was designed for).
On the other hand, what this graph also shows is that CopyOnWriteArrayList still gives pretty good read throughput, and beats hands down any other method that locks the array on every read.
Another class, CopyOnWriteArraySet is build on top of CopyOnWriteArrayList. Like its list counterpart, it is designed for cases where the set contains only a few elements and where reads greatly outnumber writes. Note that the performance characteristics differ from HashSet in a couple of ways:
The second point comes from the fact that CopyOnWriteArraySet relies on the putIfAbsent() method provided by CopyOnWriteArrayList. This, as an atomic operation, checks whether an equal element is already in the list and adds it only if it is not. This method, and thus the set implementation, has the subtle characteristic that a copy of the array is made (and then thrown away) even if the item isn't added. Of course, that doesn't make the already-present case any more expensive than the not-present case, but it means that the already-present case isn't generally much cheaper either. (Both cases also perform similarly with HashSet, but with the latter class, both are generally much less expensive since only a tiny subset of the set is scanned when inserting or retrieving.)
Copyright © Neil Coffey 2015. All rights reserved.


Vellanguli Village Population - Ambasamudram, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu
Vellanguli is a village located in Ambasamudram Taluk of Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. Around 861 families reside in Vellanguli village. Vellanguli village is administered by Sarpanch(Head of village) who is elected every five years.
As per the Census India 2011, Vellanguli village has population of 3073 of which 1523 are males and 1550 are females. The population of children between age 0-6 is 361 which is 11.75% of total population.
The sex-ratio of Vellanguli village is around 1018 compared to 996 which is average of Tamil Nadu state. The literacy rate of Vellanguli village is 59.71% out of which 66.71% males are literate and 52.84% females are literate. There are 29.94% Scheduled Caste (SC) and 0 Scheduled Tribe (ST) of total population in Vellanguli village.
Vellanguli Population Facts
Number of Households861
Male Population1523 (49.56%)
Female Population1550 (50.44%)
Children Population361
Male Literacy66.71%
Female Literacy52.84%
Scheduled Tribes (ST) %0
Scheduled Caste (SC) %29.94%
Share your suggestions, thoughts


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Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. "White pollution "is still going on. Write a letter to the editor（s） of your local newspaper to
give your opinions briefly and
make two or three suggestions
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
I am writing this letter to draw your attention to the deteriorating situation of "white pollution" in some regions despite the implementation of restrictions on the use of plastic bags.
In order to put an effective stop to the wide spread of "white pollution"， I would like to make the following suggestions. Firstly， the price of plastic bags should be further raised； Secondly ， special government departments should be established to supervise the making and using of plastic bags to ensure they are used when really needed.
I hope my suggestions would be of help and thank you for your attention.


Pumping Prescriptions
by Lev Nelik
Pumping Machinery LLC
This column will examine two indirect methods of determining pump flow in the field:
 - pressure (head) measurement
 - power (amps) measurement
Pump performance curveFigure 1. Pump performance curve in a combined format. (Source: 2004 Goulds Pumps Manual, ITT Industries)
In both of these cases, you must obtain the pump performance curve for the respective application, which normally comes in combined or single-line formats, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Pump performance curveFigure 2. Pump performance curve in a single-line format.
A combined format curve is typically available from a pump original equipment manufacturer (OEM) generic catalog, while a single-line curve is usually supplied with specific pump quote, or better yet, a factory-tested solution. In this example, a red angle denotes the pump-rated point (70 gallons per minute [gpm] at 100 feet [ft] head) where a pump is expected to operate, but the actual flow is found suspect by operators.
Pressure (Head) Method
Let's assume that the discharge gauge reads 55 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) and the suction gauge reads 10 psig, thus a 45 psi pressure differential exists. This would correspond to 45 x 2.31 = 104 ft head (assuming cold water, specific gravity = 1.0). A horizontal
104 ft head line intersects the H-Q curve (at the proper impeller diameter, which is 5.12 inches in this case) at a little less than rated flow, approximately at 60 gpm.
Power (Amps) Method
The power curve indicates approximately 3.2 horsepower (hp) at the rated point. Power meters (kW-meter) are rarely available, with amps and volts being more commonly displayed at the control panel. Power can be calculated from these readings, although some assumptions of the power factor and motor efficiency would be required:
BHP = (I x V x 1.73 x EFFmotor x PF) / 1,000 Equation 1
In our example, a 5 hp 460 volt (V) motor is used and we actually read 450 V and 3.9 amps. A typical assumption of the product (EFFmotor x PF) is 0.85, although a somewhat better value can be obtained if one is willing to spend some more time on research work.
Thus, in our example:
BHP = (3.9 x 450 x 1.73 x 0.85) / 1,000 = 2.6 hp Equation 2
This is slightly less than the expected 3.2 hp, meaning a straight horizontal line at 2.6 hp intersects the power curve at flow approximately 50 gpm, depending how accurately you eyeball the curve.
Obviously, too many assumptions and approximations in reading curves bring bad news. However, the good news is that based on two methods, we can state that the flow appears to be somewhere between 50 gpm and 60 gpm. For many troubleshooting purposes, this answer
is sufficient.
As a note on the power method, some people feel more comfortable simply taking the ratio of actual amps to the motor nameplate amps rating, then multiplying the result on motor rated power. In our example, if the motor rated amps were 8.5 amps and rated motor power 5 hp, we could then assume the actual power is 3.9 / 8.5 x 5 = 2.3 hp. This is close to the 2.6 hp value we derived earlier by using a power factor and motor efficiency assumption.
The power method can be applied very successfully for field troubleshooting of many pump types, but it has significant drawbacks and cannot be applied for high specific speed (Ns) pumps, such as mixed flow and vertical turbine pumps.
Comparison of impeller profilesFigure 3. Comparison of impeller profiles for various specific speed designs.
As HI illustrates in Figure 3, when comparing impeller profiles for various specific speed designs, pump power is not a nice continuously rising curve, as is the case for most end suction and split case pumps. Instead, the shape of the power curve can be entirely different. It can rise, drop or stay constant with flow, even making its shape so flat that it becomes difficult to distinguish the difference for a wide variation of flows.
The bottom line is that each method has its own place, strength and limitations.
The pressure (head) method is the simplest and quickest but requires one to have a pump curve and gauges that are not broken or out of calibration. In the realities of the field, these curves are often long lost or misplaced for the old pumps. Even if they do exist, it can be impossible to know the most recent impeller diameter inside the pump after numerous prior pump repairs and modifications.
The power (amps) method does not require one to "get dirty" around the pump replacing broken gauges, but inaccuracy of the power factor and motor efficiency is a drawback. (Reference power factor fundamentals presented by Joe Evans in "Power Factor: Electricity Behaving Badly (Part One)" (Pump Ed 101, Pumps & Systems June 2007, read it here)
Direct flow reading is the most sure way, but most pumps do not have in-line flow meters installed. Cutting into lines to install them is impractical and expensive. External (ultrasonic) meters are simple, but accuracy is limited due to difficulties in locating a good (HI approved) spot along the pipe of the real field installation.
Often, applying all three methods reduces the error by allowing the user to learn to intelligently interpret the reasons for the differences, be able to explain the peculiarities and inconsistencies of each method, and correct such inconsistencies by solid reason, some understanding of flow mechanics, and reasons for deviations of practice from the theory.
Editor's Note: This column originally ran in the October 2007 issue of Pumps & Systems.
To read more Pumping Prescriptions columns, click here.


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分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-13
摘要：An overview of neutrino electromagnetic properties, which open a door to the new physics beyond the Standard Model, is given. The effects of neutrino electromagnetic interactions both in terrestrial experiments and in astrophysical environments are discussed. The experimental bounds on neutrino electromagnetic characteristics are summarized. Future astrophysical probes of electromagnetic neutrinos are outlined.


08Data Structures---Positional List
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The course is mainly covered Positional List.Generally covered Mutators,Priority Queue ADT,Implementing a Priority Queue,Binary Heap,Priority queue operations with a binary heap,Time complexity,Other operations on a Binary Heap and so on.
1.Positional List The Concept The list is a generalization of both stacks and queues. But we are very restricted as to where these insertions and deletions may occur. Generally, two positions are recognized: front and rear. If a list has at least one node, the front is the position occupied by this node; if a list is empty, the front coincides with the rear. front rear cursor front rear cursor For flexibility, both access and mutation should happen anywhere in the list. For this, we need the concept of a current position or a cursor, which defines a viewing point or a viewing window. It is the place where the activities are directed. A positional list allows this. The use of such an ADT
2. • Allows a person to leave a line before reaching the front • Allows word processing actions (insert or delete happen at the cursor) Here's a possible informal specification for a positional list ADT Accessor boolean isEmpty() : Is list empty? int lengthOf() : yields # of nodes in list Object getObj() : contents at the cursor boolean atFront() : Is cursor the front of list?" boolean atRear() : Is cursor the rear of list?" Navigator void toFront() : sets cursor to front of list void toRear() : sets cursor to rear of list void toNext() : moves cursor one place closer to rear void toPrev() : moves cursor one place closer to front
3.Mutators void replace(x) : replaces current node's contents with x void insert(x) : inserts new node containing x as the predecessor of the cursor void insertFront(x) : inserts new node containing x in front void insertRear(x) : inserts new node containing x at rear void remove() : removes the node at the current position; the successor becomes the current position Find the length of (i.e., the number of nodes in) a list. public static int length(PositionalList list){ int center = 0; list.toFront(); // center = # of nodes before the cursor while (!list.atRear() ) { center = center + 1; list.toNext(); } return center; }
4.Priority Queue ADT A regular queue is a FIFO object, but there are many real-life applications, where the FIFO is not adequate. Here are some examples. • Air-traffic control • Standby passenger queue for a flight • Waiting list for a course at UI In such cases, a priority queue is relevant. Each element (v) has a key (k) that defines its priority. Lower key means higher priority. So the object with the minimum key will be dequeued first. Each entry is a key-value pair.
5. A Priority Queue ADT can support the following methods Insert (k, v) Creates value v with key k removeMin ( ) Returns and removes the value with minimum key Min( ) Returns the value with the minimum key Size( ) Returns the number of entries isEmpty( ) Returns true when the priority queue is empty Priority can be a number, or any java object, as long as they are comparable, and help create a total order among the elements. Compare(x, y): returns an integer i such that • i < 0 if a < b, • i = 0 if a = b • i > 0 if a > b An error occurs if a and b cannot be compared
6.If the ordering is not natural, then a comparator is provided at the queue construction time. Note that the notion of priority may vary from one user to another. For example, if there are two stocks P and Q to buy, one Alice may P to be more important than Q, but Bob may think differently. One common use of a priority queue is the "event queue" in a simulation. Here Key = time of the event Value = Description of the event
7.Implementing a Priority Queue Think of these Use an array that stores elements in arbitrary order. What is the insert time? What is the removeMin time? Use an array with values in sorted order, low to high. What is the insert time? What is the removeMin time? Also, we'll need to keep track of the number of values currently in the queue, we'll need to decide how big to make the array initially, expand the array if it gets full What if we use a linked list?
8.Binary Heap A popular implementation of the priority queue ADT uses a binary heap. A binary heap is a complete binary tree, a tree in which every level is full, except possibly the bottom level, or bottom row, which is filled from left to right, and it satisfies the heap-order property (For a min-heap) "Key at a node ≥ Key at its parent" [For a max-heap, this order requirement is the reverse, i.e. "Key at a node ≥ Key at its parent"] Source: Wikipedia
9. The array representation of the binary heap is as follows. Let us keep the key at index 0 blank or null. 1 2 3 17 19 36 7 25 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Thus, for node k, the left child and the right child are nodes 2k and (2k+1) respectively. Similarly, for a node i (that is not the root), the parent is node ⎢⎣ i / 2 ⎥⎦ Priority queue operations with a binary heap 1. Min ( ) Return the entry at the root node
10.2. Insert x = (k, v) Add x to the bottom row, at the first "free" slot from the left. If the bottom level is full, then create a new level and make x the first element of the new level. If the heap-order property is violated, then let x bubble up the tree via repeated swap operations (between the keys at the parent and the child) 1 1 4 2 4 2 insert 3 9 7 13 5 9 7 13 5 22 12 8 22 12 8 3 1 1 3 2 4 2 9 4 13 5 9 3 13 5 22 12 8 7 22 12 8 7 Argue that the heap-order property is satisfied at the end of the insertion.
11.3. RemoveMin() If the heap is empty, then return null (or throw an exception). Otherwise, (1) return the root node, and (2) fill the hole with the last node in the array. The new minimum must be one of the children of the former root. Since each subtree is a binary heap, the new root will bubble down (via repeated swap operations) until the heap property is restored. 1 8 4 2 4 2 removeMin() Key 1 returned 9 7 13 5 9 7 13 5 22 12 8 22 12 8 moved to root 2 2 4 5 4 8 9 7 13 8 9 7 13 5 22 12 22 12
12.Time complexity Unsorted array Sorted array Binary heap min O(n) O(1) O(1) insert O(1)* O(n) O(log n) O(log n)** remove O(n) O(1) O(log n) * It assumes that there is enough space to insert the entry. If not, then space has to be allocated and entries have to be copied to the new space, which will take O(n) time. ** You can use binary search for the position where the new entry will be inserted. But there is an overhead for making room in an array – the items have to be shifted to the right, and each such operation will take O(n) time.
13.Other operations on a Binary Heap Delete Key. It is useful when someone wants to leave the queue. The last key substitutes the deleted key. The last key bubbles up or down as needed to restore the heap order property. 1 1 7 10 7 10 delete 11 12 8 9 25 12 8 11 25 22 17 22 17 9 last 1 7 9 12 8 10 25 22 17
14.Heapify What is heapify? Given n elements, construct a binary heap out of them. Bottom-up method. • First, decide how many levels will be there. • Place a set of nodes at the bottom level. Each such node is a degenerate heap. • Next, fill the next level by adding a parent to the nodes at the lower level. Bubble the added nodes, as necessary, to restore the heap order property. • Continue this up to the topmost level. Can easily do in O(n log n) steps. Why? Example. Try to construct a heap from the elements 22 7 26 12 9 14 15 11 8 3 7 First, how many levels will be there?
15. 11 9 14 15 12 11


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woman if he can touch her belly. He says he likes to touch the baby. He touches the woman's breast by 'mistake'.
The following products are displayed or used in this movie: video games, hand-held video machines, Wii, Cadillac, Budweiser beer, KFC, bottled water (Voss) and mobile phones.
This movie contains some coarse language, modified swear words and putdowns.
Ideas to discuss with your children
Grown Ups is a comedy that relies almost solely on crude humour, sexual reference or innuendo, and demeaning insults to entertain.
The main positive messages in the movie are:
- Childhood is a time for imaginative play and physical activity. It shouldn't be spent on violent video games and texting.
- Life can be difficult, but it's the bumps in life that give it depth.
- In the words of Coach Buzzer, 'Live life with no regrets'.
Unfortunately, you might find these messages are overshadowed by the crude humour and the way in which characters treat each other.
You might like to talk with your children about:
- the disrespectful way that the main characters talk about and view women
- the harmful and demeaning way that the men ridicule each other.


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Mike Gamroth, Oregon State University
Updated in September 2006 in coordination with:
Zach Loboy, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
Eric Moeggenberg, Oregon Department of Agriculture
Don Hansen, Oregon Department of Agriculture
Rendering plants once offered quick, affordable pickup of animal mortalities and byproducts. However, recent declines in the price of useful commodities produced from animal carcasses have curtailed or eliminated many rendering operations in Oregon. Now, sending animal mortalities and byproducts for rendering may no longer be an economically viable option for many of Oregon's livestock owners.
This document has been prepared to provide alternate disposal options for animal mortalities and byproducts where rendering services are not available or economical.
It is legal to simply allow nature to take its course. If you choose this action you must deposit the dead animal to a location that is at least one-half mile from any dwelling and at least a one-quarter mile from any open water way (ORS 601.140) and let scavengers eat the carcass. It is important to note that this method of disposal is not acceptable in instances where numerous carcasses must be disposed of, and is not available for disposal of animal byproducts generated during butchering.
You need a large farm or ranch to make this work and it is the least desirable of the alternatives for many reasons. Animal carcasses left to decay naturally above ground or buried in shallow pits pose a hazard to groundwater and surface water and can jeopardize the health of domestic livestock, wildlife and pets.
Certain permitted landfills are allowed to take small and large animal carcasses as well as waste animal byproducts. There may be an extra fee to dump large carcasses and large volumes of animal mortality and byproducts. Call your local landfill to find out if they can accept animal carcasses. A list of landfills and phone numbers can be found on the Internet at _URL_ If the landfill does not accept animal carcasses, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) may be able to grant an exception. You would need to work with both the landfill operator and your local DEQ office to see if an exception is possible. Phone numbers to local DEQ offices can be found in most phone books in the blue tabbed Government pages, or at the following website _URL_
Animal mortalities and byproducts can be incinerated in a DEQ approved incinerator or cremation unit. Operation of an incinerator or cremation unit requires a permit from the DEQ Air Quality program. Economic reasons, and availability of incineration units in the state, currently make this option generally unavailable. More information on incinerator regulations can be found at _URL_
Animal mortality and byproducts can not be open burned [OAR _PHONE_(3)]. The open burning of carcasses of animals that have died or been destroyed because of an animal disease emergency is allowed only when authorized by Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) [ORS 596.393 and OAR _PHONE_(10)].
It is legal to bury animal mortalities on your farm if certain requirements are met and specific recommendations are followed. The bottom of the hole must be dry (not in a water table). The dead animal should be covered with hydrated lime, and then covered with at least 4' of soil mounded up to allow for settling as the carcass decomposes [ORS 601.090(7)]. Burials should be at least 500' from surface waters or wells, preferably downhill from the well. Burial of large dead animals will probably require a backhoe because an adult cow burial takes a hole approximately 2' x 7' x 8' deep.
It is important to note that this method of disposal is not acceptable for disposal of animal byproducts generated during butchering. Burial of large volumes of dead animals is not appropriate unless conducted under a Catastrophic Animal Mortality Management Plan. It should also be noted that if you bring in animals from other locations to be buried on your farm you may be subject to additional disposal regulations from the DEQ, the ODA, and the local land use planning authority. Please contact the DEQ, and the ODA, and the local land use planning authority before burying dead animals on your property if the animals did not originate from your farm.
While not the simplest method of disposal, composting animal mortalities and byproducts allows you to recycle the nutrients in the carcasses and is a sound environmental practice. If you are going to compost animal mortalities and byproducts on your farm, you must have a composting plan on file with ODA, and be implementing that plan. The plan must include a drawing of your composting area, a description of how you will contain any runoff from the compost piles or bins, a description of the process you will use, and a description of how the compost will be used on the farm. Details of the plan and assistance are available from the Natural Resources Division at the Oregon Department of Agriculture, _PHONE_. If you are going to compost animal mortalities and byproducts and intend to bring in animal mortality and byproducts from off-farm sites you will need a composting permit from the DEQ.
The basic composting process is relatively easy. It must be done on concrete or a similar impervious surface that prevents nutrient leaching. In western Oregon, it is wise to have a roof to control moisture added by rainfall. Bins or walls on the compost pile make turning the compost easier. To compost dead animals, start with a 12" layer of dry straw, sawdust, or dry manure solids. Drag or lift the carcass onto this layer. A small opening in the body cavity will prevent bloating. Some sources recommend cutting open the body cavity and large muscle groups for faster decomposition, however livestock farmers report this is not necessary. Cover the carcass with 2' to 3' of manure solids, sawdust, or other carbon source. Maintain moisture in the pile about like silage; damp, not wet. Add more manure solids, or other carbon material like sawdaust, and water as needed. The pile must heat to over 131° Fahrenheit for at least 3 days to kill human, and animal, pathogens. The pile will be ready to turn in 15-30 days and will need to be turned about 5 times. The carcass should be fully composted in about 180 days. Some literature recommends reusing some of the finished compost as the base for the next pile. Up to 30% of the total volume of the base material required can be from the finished compost. Also, some of the left over bones can add structure to the foundation material for enhanced aeration.
Applying this compost to crops directly consumed by people is not currently recommended. The Cornell Waste Management Institute has stated that the compost can be used on hay, corn, winter wheat, tree plantations and forestland.
Other resources on composting and animal mortality disposal can be found in the "Additional Resources" section at the end of this document.
It is unclear whether prions, the proteins that cause Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (Mad Cow Disease), are destroyed in the composting process. Animals showing signs of a neurological disease must be reported to the ODA and disposed of in an appropriate manner. Animals that show signs of a neurological disease, and those with anthrax, should not be composted.
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality composting webpage
Oregon Department of Agriculture
Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 601- Dead Animals
National Renderers Association Membership Directory
Mukhtar, S.; Auvermann, B.; Heflin, K.; Boriack, C. "A Low Maintenance Approach to Large Carcass Composting." American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) Meeting Paper No. 032263. St. Joseph, Mich. ASAE, 2003.
Bonhotal, J.; Telega, L.; Petzen, J. Natural Rendering: Composting Livestock Mortality and Butcher Waste--Fact Sheet. Cornell Waste Management Institute Educational Resources, 2002.
NRCS, NHCP. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Conservation Practice Standard 316-Animal Mortality Facility. March, 2003.
NRCS, NHCP. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Conservation Practice Standard 317--Composting Facility. October, 2003.
Carcass Disposal. Minnesota Board of Animal Health, May, 2006
Whole Animal Composting of Dairy Cattle, Guide D-108. Michael Looper, New Mexico Cooperative Extension. May, 2002.
Composting Animal Mortalities, Debra Morse, University of Minnesota/Minnesota Department of Agriculture. July, 2001.


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This paper reviews the progress on nano-aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The design, fabrication, and polarization control of nano-aperture VCSELs are reviewed. With the nano-aperture evolving from conventional circular and square aperture to unique C-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, and bowtie-shaped aperture, both the near-field intensity and near-field beam confinement from nano-aperture VCSELs are significantly improved. As a high-intensity compact light source with sub-100-nm spot size, nano-aperture VCSELs are promising to realize many new near-field optical systems and applications.
© 2008 Chinese Optics LettersPDF Article


Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows)
100 point score based on reviews from various critics.
5 point score based on user ratings.
Not an American user?
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes is a Slavic tale of three Russian heroes who retired early when the nation was at peace. In their solitude, far from the world, their stories were soon forgotten until one day, Alesha, one of the heroes, unexpectedly meets a gang of robbers who try to sneak into his house. He learns from them that the world has changed. The nation is no longer stable and mischievous gangs are running rampant. Alesha decides to find back his former friends Dobrynya and Ilya to team up and restore the former glory.
This third-person action is a modern take on the Lost Viking concept where three friends, each with different abilities, need to work together. They travel through a bright, cel-shaded world divided into different areas. Each location contains a number of towns, dense nature, characters who provide quests and of course plenty of enemies. Using the Physx engine, almost every object can be pushed around or destroyed. The three friends run together and the player can switch between them at any time. Meanwhile, the computer AI takes over for the other two character's basic actions. The player can also exercise minor influence over them by asking them to follow or hold a position. Often they need to operate separately, for specific missions or to control an area from different directions at the same time.
The characters have distinct abilities. Alesha is an agile archer who runs the fastest and needs to take out enemies from a distance with bow and arrow. Dobrynya is stronger and usually wields a staff. He has the ability to pole-vault over obstacles where others cannot pass. Ilya is the brute with a giant sword and shield; slow but extremely effective in combat. They can pick up new weapons left behind by enemies (based on a wide range of statistics) or have it upgraded. By defeating enemies and completing quests, experience is earned to level up the character through a skill tree. Next to the primary weapons, each character can execute up to seven secondary attacks that can be upgraded up to three times. Alesha for instance can fire many arrows at once or aim precisely, while Ilya can swing his sword around to perform combos or pick up enemies and throw them far away. Executing them drains a Heroic Strength meter, that regenerates or is refilled through items. Not all attacks can be maxed out during the course of the game, so the most important ones need to be singled out. The characters can also collect meat or apples to restore health, and a wide range of items used to poison weapons, gain excessive speed, freeze enemies, increase defence and more.
The many quests have the heroes attack fortresses and camps, protect towns, escort important characters or retrieve missing persons. In later missions, many of them occur at once introducing an invisible time limit or forcing the player to fight and protect characters at the same time. While the storyline is linear, players are free to explore the environment and explore the quests at first. Even though strategical switches between the characters are important while fighting, the combat itself is mostly pure hack-and-slash. Quests show up on a mini-map where waypoints can be activated to quickly move towards a goal. Movement is done through the keyboard, while the mouse is used to look around and perform actions.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Meeting one of the stronger opponents.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows The skill tree for secondary attacks
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Walking towards a hut in the distance.
Fairy Tales: Three Heroes Windows Main Menu
Alternate Titles
 - "Legenda o Trzech Bohaterach" -- Polish title
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Softonic Jul 15, 2009 3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars3.5 Stars 70
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Sciere (228375) added Fairy Tales: Three Heroes (Windows) on Jul 18, 2009


Payer Address Verification
Address verification allows users to validate addresses against the United States Postal Services (USPS) directory in order to make corrections before claims or letters are sent to the patient. The system will automatically verify the address in real-time. Address Verification is managed in the Services section.
If Address Verification is not included in your price plan, your invoice will reflect a charge each time a verification was made.
This feature will only determine if the address is on file with the USPS. If the system is unable to validate the address with the USPS, you will be given an option to Ignore the address which will remove the invalid address message.
Follow the steps below to perform an address verification for a payer.
 1. Select Customer Setup > Payers.
 2. Click the New Payer button. Or use the Search field to search through your payers.
 3. Select the Payer.
 4. Click the Verify Address link.
 1. An invalid address will return as "This address is invalid" message, click on the "See Suggestion" link.
 2. Click Use Suggestion to apply the suggested address. Or Click Ignore to leave the address as is.
 3. If the suggestion is used, a green checkmark will appear with the message "This address was successfully verified."
 5. Click Save.


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Publications (1)0 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: The aim was to measure patient satisfaction with the Pharmacy Specialty Immunization Clinic (PSIC), a pharmacist-run vaccination clinic. Patient satisfaction was measured using a non-validated instrument containing 10 items with a five-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, not sure, disagree and strongly disagree). Patients who were seen at the PSIC and who received at least one vaccination were eligible to take part in the patient satisfaction survey. Priority index, a method used to identify areas where limited resources can be used to maximize patient satisfaction, was calculated for the different items of the instrument to determine areas for quality improvement. This study was conducted at the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS). A total of 188 (55.1%) out of 341 patients who received at least one vaccine in the PSIC completed the survey. Prior to any encounter with the PSIC, patients perceived that the VASDHS was doing a good job providing vaccinations (92.5% answered agree or strongly agree). This perception continued when asked about overall satisfaction after receiving vaccination through the PSIC (86.9% answered agree or strongly agree). When asked about the time the pharmacist spent with the patient, nearly all answered that the pharmacist spent as much time as necessary (97.8% answered agree or strongly agree). Patient satisfaction with pharmacist counselling was equally well received and reflected good communication between patient and pharmacist (97.8% answered agree or strongly agree). In regard to pharmacist competency, 98.9% (n = 184) of patients agreed that pharmacists in the PSIC administered vaccinations appropriately. Priority index identified access to the vaccine as an area where performance-improvement efforts should be committed to improve patient satisfaction. Patients perceived good overall satisfaction with the pharmacist-run immunization clinic in terms of professionalism and access to vaccination. Priority index identified access to vaccination as a focus for future quality improvement.
VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan Diego, California, United States


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Knowledge Management: A Blueprint for Delivery, by Tony Knight and Trevor Howes
There are five golden rules of knowledge management that IT directors should remember.
- Be crystal clear on the expected benefits. Always have a business case that details the agreed benefit the knowledge management initiatives must deliver. Progress towards their realisation must be properly managed and measured.
- People's behaviours must change for the long term. People's beliefs must be affected if long-term improvements in behaviour are to be achieved.
- Nothing happens without leadership. Those responsible for running the organisation must inspire and encourage all staff throughout the change programme, continuing after the implementation to ensure lasting change.
- Process change leads to improved performance. Organisations need to build new processes and routines into their jobs to ensure knowledge capture and reuse and to establish and reinforce desired behaviours.
- Organisational learning leads to success. Organisations can only survive and prosper by learning from the business environment and putting that learning to practical use by responding to it. The capability to do this learning is what distinguishes successful companies from also-rans.
The point of these rules is to keep constantly in mind the issues that make or break any mobilising knowledge programme: a focus on benefits and the business case; on behavioural change; on leadership; on process improvement; on designing knowledge-friendly ways of working; and on building in organisational learning.
Knowledge Management: A Blueprint for Delivery by Tony Knight and Trevor Howes is part of the Computer Weekly Professional Series _EMAIL_


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The exploitation of water, a scarce and highly-prized resource, has given rise to the construction of a complex traditional water engineering system in the Serra de Tramuntana, which allows underground or surface water to be extracted and captured, and subsequently conducted, distributed and stored. This system is the constructive result of continuously-developing work that has been modified, extended and adapted since the 13th century, as is proven by diverse references in documents. Generally speaking the traditional water regulation, distribution and storage systems worked until well into the 20th century, and in some cases are still in use.
This man-made network exists in addition to the natural network of stream and torrent beds, and integrates into and adapts to the characteristics of the region. In this way a water-supply landscape is shaped whose main virtue resides precisely in its balanced integration and value in terms of heritage. A work comprised of small dams, channels, pools, ponds and tanks.


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Assessing the right amount of bromelain to take is complicated. Most bromelain research was conducted years ago, when amounts used were listed in units of activity that no longer exist. These old units do not precisely convert to new ones. Today, bromelain is measured in MCUs (milk clotting units) or GDUs (gelatin dissolving units). One GDU equals approximately 1.5 MCU. Strong products contain at least 2,000 MCU (1,200–1,333 GDU) per gram (1,000 mg). A supplement containing 500 mg labeled "2,000 MCU per gram" would have 1,000 MCU of activity. Some doctors recommend as much as 3,000 MCU taken three times per day for several days, followed by 2,000 MCU three times per day.40 Much of the research uses smaller amounts, more like the equivalent of approximately 500 MCU taken four times per day. However, most of the bromelain used in the studies was enteric-coated in order to prevent it from being destroyed by gastric juice. It is likely, therefore, that currently available bromelain preparations (which typically are not enteric-coated) are of lower potency than the bromelain used in most studies.
Where to Find It
Bromelain is found mostly in the stems of pineapples and is available as a dietary supplement.
Since bromelain is not essential, deficiencies of this plant-based enzyme do not exist.
Copyright © 2013 Aisle7. All rights reserved. Aisle7.com
The information presented in Aisle7 is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. Self-treatment is not recommended for life-threatening conditions that require medical treatment under a doctor's care. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires June 2014.


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The 10th issue of BUWA! is focusing on Women Human Rights Defenders (WHRDs). Across the globe, continent and much more recently in southern Africa, there are increased reports of political violence, arbitrary detentions, systematic attacks on human rights and pro-democracy activists. We are alive to the fact that while all HRDS have increasingly faced tougher operating conditions in the past decade, WHRDs have faced even more multiple layers of the brunt in such a context – given the manner in which patriarchy often colludes with other oppressive systems that characterise the field in which HRDs work.
Buwa! 10, therefore, comes at an opportune time to look back on decades of promoting and defending women's human rights in Africa. It unpacks the experiences of WHRDs on the continent, highlighting their struggles in a context where civic space is increasingly and systematically closing. The issue unpacks how WHRDs, in particular, have navigated this 70-year-old terrain and the 2 decades of dedicated 'recognition' of their commitment to stand in the gap for others. The issue shines the spotlight on WHRDs to understand their struggles, victories and lessons to further shape the terrain in which WHRDs operate.
Join us to celebrate and launch the new issue of BUWA! Click Here for other related content


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- MACHINE VISION LENSES
- ITS LENSES
- 360° LENSES
- INTELLIGENT HOME LENSES
- AUTOMOTIVE LENSES
- UV LENSES
- PRECISION OPTICS
- OPTICAL COATING
The production process of optical glass
The raw materials for the production of optical glass are some oxides, hydroxides, nitrates and carbonates, and phosphates or fluorides are introduced according to the requirements of the formulation. In order to ensure the transparency of glass, the content of colored impurities, such as iron, chromium, copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel, etc., must be strictly controlled. When ingredients are required, accurate weighing and uniform mixing are required. The main production processes are smelting, forming, annealing and inspection.
1. There are single crucible batch smelting method and tank kiln (see kiln) continuous smelting method for smelting. Single crucible smelting method can be divided into clay crucible smelting method and platinum crucible smelting method. No matter what kind of smelting method is used, it needs to be stirred with a stirrer, and the temperature and stirring are strictly controlled to make the glass liquid reach a high degree of uniformity. Clay crucible can smelt most crown glass and flint glass, with low cost, and is used when the melting temperature of the glass exceeds the service temperature of platinum. The platinum crucible can smelt high-quality glass that has a serious corrosive effect on the clay crucible, such as heavy crown, heavy barium flint, rare earth glass and fluorophosphorous glass. The platinum crucible is heated by electricity, generally a silicon-carbon rod or silicon-molybdenum rod electric furnace is used. However, high-frequency heating can be used to manufacture glass that has a high tendency to crystallize, requires rapid cooling, and has certain requirements on the atmosphere.
Since the 1960s, various countries have successively adopted platinum-lined continuous tank smelting to greatly increase the output and quality of optical glass. This is the main trend in the development of optical glass production technology.
2. The molding methods for molding optical glass include the classical crucible method, the rolling method and the pouring method. However, leakage molding (using a single crucible (Or continuous melt flow out of the material liquid), can directly draw rods or drop material to form large-size blanks, improve the utilization rate of gobs and the yield rate.
3. Annealing In order to eliminate the internal stress of the glass to the greatest extent and improve the optical uniformity, a strict annealing system must be formulated for precision annealing.
4. The indicators for inspection and measurement include: optical constants, optical uniformity, stress birefringence, fringes, bubbles, etc.
The raw material of optical glass is high-quality quartz sand as the main material, and auxiliary materials are appropriately added. Due to the high refractive index, low dispersion and good chemical stability of rare earths, optical glass can be produced, which can be used to make lenses for advanced cameras, video cameras, telescopes and other advanced optical instruments. For example, a kind of lanthanum glass with excellent optical properties containing lanthanum oxide lao360% and b2o340% oxide is an indispensable optical material for manufacturing high-end camera lenses and periscope lenses. In addition, using the radiation protection properties of some rare earth elements, radiation protection glass can be produced.


In September 1275 most of Glastonbury in Somerset is destroyed by an earthquake.
In 1278 the Cinque Ports - the five channel ports of Hastings, New Romney, Hythe, Dover and Sandwich on the south-east coast of England - are granted liberties by royal charter. They were formed earlier, probably in the reign of Edward the Confessor (_PHONE_), to defend the coast and furnish ships and men for the king's service.
1296 work begins on Florence cathedral, known as Santa Maria del Fiore (Our Lady of the Flower). It was designed by the Italian architect Arnolfo di Cambio (c1240-c1310) and completed in the second half of the 15th century with the building of its magnificent dome, designed by Filippo Brunelleschi.
It was around 1300 that Richard de Bello, a Prebendary of Lincoln Cathedral (and later Hereford Cathedral) produced the Mappa Mundi, the largest medieval map now in existence. The world is represented as round and surrounded by water. Jerusalem is placed in the centre, and the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa are mentioned, but not correctly positioned in relation to each other. A number of ancient cities are named and the map is adorned with numerous pictures depicting biblical events, animals, birds and fish. It is on display in Hereford Cathedral, England.
It measures 158 cms by 138 cms
1305 Edward I establishes a number of standard measurements, including the foot, the yard and the acre.
Mappa Mundi: produced by Richard de Bello, c1300 – Hereford Cathedral, England.


text:
Household income found to be related to preschool attendance in China
Early childhood education has been seen by many as a tool to break the cycle of poverty for developing countries. Yet, despite the more than 82 million children under age 5 living in China today, little is known about the factors contributing to preschool attendance there, particularly in rural areas. This omission is even more salient given that more than 70 percent of mothers in the 25–34 age range with children under the age of 6 in China work outside the home, and household income has consistently been shown to affect child care choices in both developed and developing countries.
In a new paper, scholars from New York University's Silver School of Social Work and Columbia University's Teachers College fill this knowledge gap by rigorously examining the association between household income and preschool attendance among 3- to 6-year-old children in both rural and urban areas. Using six waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2006 (N = 2,424), they found that rural areas consistently lagged far behind urban areas in both household income and preschool attendance among the 3 to 6 year olds. Preschool attendance in 2006 was 21 percent for the rural children and 46 percent for the urban children. Despite this gap, the association between household income and preschool attendance in rural areas is similar to that in urban areas.
The authors – Xin Gong and Di Xu of Columbia's Teachers College and Wen-Jui Han of NYU's Silver School – found a robust positive association between household income and preschool attendance in both rural and urban settings. A 10 percent boost in household income will bring close to a 1 percentage point increase in preschool attendance, which is equivalent to having approximately 1 million more 3- to 6-year-old children in China attend preschools. In our data, preschool in rural areas in 2006 cost about 480–1,200 yuan per year (≈US $80-200)—as much as 30 percent or more of a rural household's income (the average annual income per capita in our rural sample was 3,894 yuan). The income figure for our urban sample was higher (5,751 yuan), but the burden was similar (up to 37 percent) given that urban preschools often have higher fees (840–2,100 yuan per year).
The paper, newly published in the journal Child Development, is entitled "Household Income and Preschool Attendance in China."
The main challenge in estimating the association between income and preschool attendance is that a wide array of factors, such as mother's working status and parental preferences for child care, could be correlated with both household income and preschool attendance, and that could bias the association. To address this challenge, we used two statistical approaches: a probit model with rich controls and a household fixed-effects model. A household fixed-effects model removes bias associated with variables that are constant over time within a household.
This is the first study to employ rigorous methodology to examine the association between household income and preschool attendance with a Chinese sample. Our results show that millions of families in China face substantial financial constraints in their children's preschool attendance, particularly in rural areas. Taken together, our findings call for government investment to address this challenge. Our results also highlight the need for future research that evaluates the impacts of subsidies or income support programs for preschool attendance in China.


Tracking content playback is great for many reasons, not least, as a way of generating revenue with proof of play for advertising.
In order to begin tracking content playback there are few things you need:
 1. A device with the relevant application installed and registered to your account
 2. An analytics license applied to that device
 3. Playlist items with Analytics tracking enabled
Assuming points 1 and 2 are covered, here's how you enable analytics tracking on playlist items.
Enabling analytics tracking for content (impressions)
Go into a Layout or Global Playlist and open up the playlist of content you want to start tracking.
Here you'll see there is an option which says 'Not Tracked'
When you click on 'Not Tracked', you'll have another option on the right side bar where you can change the option. Change this to 'Track Analytics':
Once you've enabled tracking, you simply need to save the changes and publish the layout via channels to the relevant devices.
What content can have impressions tracked?
Any playlist item can have impressions tracked. This means not only can you track media item playback but also text items, widgets and plugins such as Dynamic Data.
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Global Citizen is a community of people like you
Laboratory technician Irene Ooko attends to a patient seeking a test for the new coronavirus that causes COVID-19, at the Pathologists Lancet Kenya laboratory in Nairobi, Kenya on April 5, 2020. The company, which is offering tests to patients with a doctor's referral, was previously having to send samples to South Africa for testing but is now completing the testing in-house in Kenya.
Brian Inganga/AP
NewsFinance & Innovation
A Third of the World's Population Has Received No Government Aid During COVID-19: Report
By Matthew Lavietes
NEW YORK, Dec 15 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) — More than a third of the world's population — some 2.7 billion people — has not received government aid during the coronavirus pandemic, Oxfam said on Tuesday, with gaping differences between rich and poor countries.
An analysis of World Bank data conducted by the Nairobi-based charity found that while $9.8 trillion of aid was spent by 36 wealthy nations, 59 low-income countries spent only $42 billion to cope with the economic fallout of the pandemic.
It also found that rich countries have spent at the rate of $695 per person, whereas low-income and emerging countries have spent at a per capita rate of between $28 to as low as $4.
Moreover, the world's wealthiest nations have only increased aid to developing countries by $5.8 billion, the study showed.
"The coronavirus united the world in fear but has divided it in response," said Oxfam Executive Director Gabriela Bucher.
Related Stories Nov. 17, 2020 Thomson Reuters Foundation Can Vaccines Reach the World's Poorest? 4 Reasons It's Been So Hard
"The pandemic sparked a laudable global effort that reached more than a billion more people with social protection support over 2020 but, as of today, more people still have been left behind entirely," Bucher added. "That need not be so."
Prior to the pandemic, up to 4 billion people lacked social protection — state-funded welfare aid — with the World Bank estimating that only 1.3 billion of them have been reached during the crisis, the researchers said.
The report noted that many developing countries have been able to mobilize non-financial help, like food aid, but that it is often "insufficient" in formal social protection schemes.
In a separate report, the United Nations found that 1 in 33 people will need humanitarian aid to meet basic needs like food, water and sanitation in 2021, an increase of 40% from this year.


Hiva Oa, the Garden of the Marquesas
The Region
The island features endless untouched nature: green, invading and bright. Roads and houses are hardly seen. The island's rugged landscapes blend sharp ridges. Peaks and valleys scattered with archeological sites and ruins, boast home to the largest tiki statues of French Polynesia. Hiva oa is lined with black sand beaches and sharp cliffs diving into the Pacific Ocean.
The island's main village, 'Atu'ona, is nested at the end of Ta'a'ao' Bay and is overlooked by the highest mountains (Mount Temetiu – 1276 m and Mount Fe'ani – 1026m). This is also the place where two famous artists chose to live their lives: the French painter Paul Gauguin and the French poet, singer and actor Jacques Brel.
Gauguin and Brel's memories
In 1901, Paul Gauguin and later in 1975, Jacques Brel, both came to Hiva Oa in quest of what could be referred to as "personal inner peace". Nobody knows if they ever found it but every morning, as the sun rises, the light over the island is breathtakingly pure, so pure that one feels part of eternity. This is an unspeakable feeling that every traveler will experience. Walking these same artistic footsteps involves visiting their graves at the Calvaire cemetery where they both rest facing Ta'a'oa's Bay under the sweet fragrance of frangipani trees. Then visit the replica of Gauguin's "Maison du Jouir" and the small museum dedicated to the painter and his house. While he lived in the Marquesas, he painted some of his most famous artwork, sourcing his inspiration through the islanders' every day life but also legends and old religious traditions representing imaginary scenes.
Tiki Island
Hiva Oa is worth visiting for its various archeological sites such as me'ae in Puama'u, hosting the largest tiki statue of Tahiti and her Islands. "Taka'i'i" (2. 43 m) is a one-of-a-kind smiling statue, hidden in lush vegetation. Petroglyphs, such as the female travel Chief's polished stone mirror, are in the surrounding area. In Ta'a'oa lies a huge cult area featuring lithic structures and tiki statues nicely blending within the untouched and primitive nature around them: giant banyan trees, breadfruit trees, coconut and papaya trees.
Endless hiking and riding opportunities
Whether it is hiking, horseback riding or on a 4WD ride, explore the pristine and breathtaking landscapes of Hiva Oa featuring waterfalls, peaks, fording and crossing rivers…320km2 of amazing enjoyment for nature lovers!
You are here : > >
Polynésie Voyages © 2016 by GUERIN Nicolas - Made With In Tahiti


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WorldWind is a collection of components that interactively display 3D geographic information within Java applications. Applications use WorldWind by placing one or more WorldWindow objects in their user interface. That WorldWindow provide the 3D geographic context for the application's information and behaviors.
WorldWind components are extensible. The API is defined primarily by interfaces, so components can be selectively replaced by alternative components. Concrete classes can also be replaced or extended. Extensibility is a fundamental objective of WorldWind.
In addition to WorldWindow, there are several major WorldWind interfaces, all shown in the following diagram.
- Globe represents a planet's shape and terrain. The globe has a Tessellator that generates the terrain.
- Layer applies application imagery, shapes or other information to the globe. These items all retain their position relative to the globe as the user navigates through the geography. Layers also provide in-screen shapes that lie in the plane of the screen and do not move with the globe.
- Model aggregates the globe and its layers, including in-screen layers.
- View determines the user's view of the model and is driven by input events from the user via the InputHandler.
- SceneController controls the rendering of a Model and the timing of the rendering. It associates a Model with a View.
In typical usage, applications create a globe and layers for their data and combine them into a model. They also create a WorldWindow and pass the model to it. The WorldWindow's scene controller subsequently manages the display of the globe and its layers, in conjunction with an interactive view that defines the user's view of the planet.
All the objects above can be those provided by WorldWind or those developed by application developers. Objects implementing a particular interface may be used wherever that interface is called for.
WorldWind works with enormous quantities of data and information, all of which exist primarily on remote data servers. Retrieval and local caching of that data is therefore a necessary and primary feature of WorldWind. As remote data is retrieved it is stored in a local disk cache and subsequently used from there. The cache has no fixed size. It can be pruned programmatically by the application. All data retrieval, even retrieval from disk, is performed on background threads.
WorldWind's use of the network can be disabled by setting the offline-mode of the WorldWindow. Prior to attempting retrieval of a network resource, WorldWind checks the offline-mode and does not attempt retrieval if it's enabled.
Picking and Selection
WorldWind can determine the displayed objects at a given screen position, typically the cursor position, in a WorldWindow. It can also determine the geographic position beneath the cursor. Both of these operations are performed automatically. The results are delivered to the application via Select events, and can also be queried from the WorldWindow.


Composites Kitting
Process materials used in molding composites such as breather fabrics, release films, bagging films, peel plies, etc. are most commonly manufactured and supplied in roll form. These rolls usually measure up to 60" to 120" in width and upwards of 300 yds in length. For application, these materials are usually cut by hand into the lengths, widths and shapes needed for the layup process.
Composite materials in roll form
For customers wishing to save labor expense and warehousing space, Northern can develop kits of materials precut and assembled for specific assembly manufacturing projects.
Composite mechanics repetitively cutting process materials with scissors and utility knives is a labor intensive process. Costs are often underestimated. Also, manual cutting creates far more waste than what would is typical of the kitting process.
A CNC cutting table can make repetitive, precision cuts
A computer Nesting program allows maximum yield of materials, minimizing the amount of scrap
Machine cutting is typically done using computer controlled slitters. Shaping is performed by CNC cutter apparatus with a nesting program which better utilizes all the available material and minimizes waste. These cutting machines can process several layers of material at the same time with much higher precision than by hand.
The value of purchasing pre-kitted composite materials becomes evident as both production demands and labor costs rise. By having process materials kitted, inventory, storage space and waste are reduced. Kits can be used immediately upon receipt. In most cases, production rates increase while off quality and labor hours/part decrease. M. Alper Corakci's Thesis titled "An Evaluation of Kitting Systems in Lean Production" found that proper kitting had a beneficial effect on the five major tracks in the observed process ( space, quality, materials handling, flexibility and learning ).
" Kitting as a method of materials supply to the assembly line is generally observed as a good solution for the industry whenever there are problems about space, quality, materials handling, flexibility and learning due to high number of variants." …."Kitting was observed to show numerous benefits in all of five tracks if applied properly "
(Corakci, "An Evaluation of Kitting Systems in Lean Production")
Northern Composites' extensive product lines and inventories allow us to offer solutions for small and large, simple or complex manufacturing challenges. Northern has the technical expertise to support our customers in the material selection and packaging process.
Call us with your challenges, we will show you solutions!


The Red Tent Test | Final Test - Easy
Anita Diamant
Buy The Red Tent Lesson Plans
Name: _________________________ Period: ___________________
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What happens to Reuben?
(a) He is killed in a fight
(b) He is found in bed with Bilhah and banished by Jacob
(c) Levi and Simon kill him
(d) Levi and Simon kidnap him
2. Why has Benia tracked down Dinah?
(a) He wants her to become his wife
(b) He needs a good midwife to help with the delivery of a baby
(c) She owes him money
(d) Benia wishes to kill DInah
3. Why do the mothers break Dinah's hymen?
(a) They believe it should be given to the earth and not a man
(b) They do not want DInah to be perceived as a virgin
(c) They do not break her hymen
(d) They wish to take the pain away from Dinah's first sexual expereince
4. What does DInah do before she leaves her mothers, brothers, and fathers forever?
(a) She hits Levi
(b) She cries and hugs her mothers
(c) She forgives her brothers
(d) She curses the tribe of Jacob
5. What theme is important to this chapter?
(a) Women's changing bodies
(b) Young developing love
(c) Women expressing sexual agency
(d) Sexuality
6. Why is Jacob mad in My Story, Chapter 6?
(a) He has heard about their Red Tent rituals and disapproves
(b) His wives disobey him
(c) Dinah yells at her father and disrespects him
(d) Joesph ran away
7. Why is Dinah's pregnancy difficult?
(a) The baby is turned in the wrong position in the womb
(b) Dinah falls while pregnant
(c) Dinah is severly depressed
(d) She goes into childbirth unexpectedly
8. Who is happy with the match?
(a) Rachel
(b) Reuben
(c) Zilpah
(d) Bilhah
9. What does Dinah's admirer give her?
(a) a treasure box
(b) a bracelet
(c) a jewelry box
(d) a ring
10. What happens while DInah is on her honeymoon?
(a) Jacob visits the King and is treated grandly
(b) Levi visits the King and is treated poorly
(c) Levi visits the King and is treated grandly
(d) Jacob visits the King and is treated poorly
11. Who is responsible for Shalem and Dinah uniting?
(a) Leah
(b) Rachel
(c) Hamor
(d) Re-nefer
12. In this chapter, how does DInah defy her mothers?
(a) She refuses to pass on the ways of Mamre
(b) She cuts off all contact with them
(c) She curses the ways of Mamre
(d) She does not come to their aid when they are sick
13. What becomes of Rachel?
(a) She continues on to become a famous midwife
(b) She disowns Leah as a sister
(c) She dies giving birth to Benjamin
(d) She loses her beauty as she ages
14. What did Benia do when Dinah originally refused his attentions?
(a) He traveled abroad
(b) He married a young slave girl
(c) He remained unmarried
(d) Benia focused on his carpentrey
15. Who out of Jacob's wives does Rebecca disapprove of?
(a) Rachel
(b) Zilpah
(c) Leah
(d) Bilhah
Short Answer Questions
1. Why does DInah continue to feel distant from her son?
2. Why does Dinah accompany Rachel to Shechum?
3. Why does Jacob take action against his wives?
4. What has changed about Issac since Jacob last saw him?
5. What does this chapter reveal about Re-mose?
(see the answer keys)
This section contains 599 words
(approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)
Buy The Red Tent Lesson Plans
The Red Tent from BookRags. (c)2014 BookRags, Inc. All rights reserved.


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 1. Function: noun
 Definition: an animal that lives in water
 Example Sentence: I saw a hydrozoo at the lake.
 Submitted by: Lorren from California, USA on 04/07/2008 10:27
 1. Function: adjective
 Definition: hyper all the time: always crazy-acting
 Example Sentence: My friend is hypergetit.
 Submitted by: Anonymous from CA, USA on 12/06/2007 11:59
 1. Function: adjective
 Definition: a mix of feeling happy, excited, and hyper at the same time
 Word History: Invented, 2002.
 Example Sentence: She felt so much hyexcity after the party.
 1. Function: noun
 Definition: a teeth brushing race
 Example Sentence: I had to compete in a hygenothon with my brother before bed.
 Submitted by: Houston from Arizona, USA on 10/17/2012 08:41
 1. Function: verb
 Definition: another word for jump
 Example Sentence: He hygrolifs off the building.
 1. Function: adjective
 Definition: hyper and happy at the same time
 Example Sentence: She was hypap when she found out that she was going to meet her favorite band on her birthday!
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 1. Function: noun
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 Example Sentence: In the movie, they were obviously in hyparis because of the way the lines zoomed past.
 Submitted by: Aidan from NH, USA on 08/19/2008 10:33
 1. Function: adjective
 Definition: making a weird sound while speaking: having a strange-sounding voice
 Example Sentence: The kid who imitates accents can get so hypdidarius.
 Submitted by: Anonymous from USA on 01/26/2009 04:48
 1. Function: noun
 Definition: the act or instance of using very big word or overstating something
 Example Sentence: It's a hyperbole to say that the football field is the width of the moon.
 Submitted by: Sammy from GA, U.S.A. on 10/26/2007 12:19
 1. Function: verb
 Definition: to let off energy in a loud way
 Word History: play on the word "hyperbole"
 Example Sentence: You need to hyperbowl this afternoon.
 Submitted by: Brianna from Virginia, U.S.A. on 01/26/2008 04:45


Thailand sex trafficking statistics in Stourbridge
Members of ethnic minorities, highland persons, and stateless persons in Thailand have experienced instances of abuse indicative of trafficking. Maritime movements are opaque and the flow of boats around and between thailand sex trafficking statistics in Stourbridge waters are too unregulated to generate data.
Some NGOs reported workers faced retaliation if they reported abuse to inspection teams, and asserted potential victims did not to report abuses to avoid long shelter stays which could result in financial or personal hardships.
Previously, NGOs could operate shelters for trafficking victims without government financial support or oversight.
The government issued regulations to increase oversight of NGO-operated shelters and provide access to governmental financial support. Police utilized DNA testing to determine the relationship between child victims of forced begging and the adults accompanying them, and the government prosecuted parents from neighboring countries who brought their children to Thailand more than once to engage in begging.
Civil society and government officials expressed concerns that due to varying levels of enforcement at PIPO centers, some thailand sex trafficking statistics in Stourbridge captains chose ports where inspections and enforcement were weaker.
Foodies go wild as Heston Blumenthal launches a Mediterranean gin in his Waitrose range - which should be To increase efficiency in prosecuting trafficking and illegal, unreported, and unregulated IUU fishing cases, in March the attorney general issued guidelines to prosecutors with descriptions of relevant charges and sentencing recommendations.
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Several laws were enacted in the s to help prevent sex trafficking and to protect those who are trafficked. Throughout her career, Laabidi has forged strong, sustainable partnerships with civil thailand sex trafficking statistics in Stourbridge and international organizations to leverage their resources and expertise.
I could only go outside to work every day," Umida says quietly. They provide broad tenants for the protection of workers throughout the recruitment process and detail the specific operational responsibilities of governments, the private sector, and public employment services.
At 14, Miguel had already worked for years trying to support his family in Honduras.
It is now almost five years later and Lucinda often wonder whether what happened to her could have been prevented. The Government of Thailand does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so.
The government provided legal alternatives to deportation to victims who faced retribution or hardship upon return to their home countries. If the post-coital head-pain has happened before - if it's an episodic occurrence - and you're concerned, get advice from a neurologist and maybe get an MRI scan, just to rule out any underlying conditions or vascular malformation.
By Jacqui Deevoy For Mailonline.
Thailand sex trafficking statistics in Stourbridge
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 - "Thailand is a source, destination, and transit country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labour and sex trafficking.": Thailand's relative prosperity attracts migrants from neighboring countries who flee conditions of poverty and, in the case of Burma, military repression. Significant illegal migration to Thailand presents traffickers with opportunities to coerce or defraud. Jan 06, · Thailand hit by record number of human trafficking cases This article is more than 7 months old About 60% of those rescued last year were women, often trafficked for seafood industry or sex.
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 - Aug 16, · BANGKOK — Thailand continues to be a major center of global sex trafficking rings that extend to countries as far flung as Japan, Morocco and Germany, a. Children from Thailand, Burma, Laos, and Cambodia are victims of sex trafficking in brothels, massage parlors, bars, karaoke lounges, hotels, and private residences. Traffickers increasingly induce young Thai girls and boys to perform sex acts through videos and photos on the internet, sometimes by blackmailing victims with explicit images.
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