What Does Transaction Incomplete Mean?
What happens when online transaction fails?
If the transaction failed, the money will be reversed back to your account.
As it requires the bank to manually settle the funds, allow 7 working days for the amount to get reversed to your bank account..
What does it mean by payment status not available?
What does that mean? CNBC reports that the statement is produced when a person doesn't receive a second stimulus payment automatically. … While many have already gotten their payment, those receiving the "not available" message will have to wait until they file their taxes.
What happens if money is debited but transaction failed?
If transaction at ATM fails but your account is debited then the card issuing bank is required to resolve your complaint by re-crediting your account within 7 working days from the date of complaint.
What happens when amount is debited but transaction failed?
Immediately dial the call centre of your credit card / debit card issuer and inform them about the disputed transaction. They will immediately record a complaint and assign a unique reference code, so you are now on record. In most cases, the money is refunded back to your bank account in 2-3 days.
Can I get scammed on venmo?
It's possible that the person who paid you will file a claim with Venmo, or even use a stolen credit card number to fund the payment. Eventually, the card's legitimate owner might complain, and the payment will be canceled.
What does PayPal payment mean?
PayPal is an electronic commerce company that facilitates payments between parties through online transfers. PayPal allows customers to establish an account on its platform, which is connected to a user's credit card or checking account.
What happens if money is debited but transaction failed on Google pay?
The transaction failed but the amount got deducted from the bank account. Banks usually take up to 3 business days to add money back to your account. Please wait for your bank to complete the reversal. Refer to the bank account statement to verify if your transaction has been reversed.
What does it mean when venmo says incomplete?
If a payment appears in the "Incomplete" section of the app or displays as "Pending" in your feed, this means you paid an email address or phone number that isn't associated with an active Venmo account.
Why would a bank payment be declined?
Declined (Card declined by issuer – contact card issuer to determine reason.) This generally occurs for one of two reasons: The customer's credit card issuing bank did not approve the transaction. This could be for insufficient funds, frozen account status, invalid credit card number or expiration date, etc.
What is the difference between paid and completed on Paypal?
Refunded: The recipient refunded your payment. If you used a credit card to make your payment, the money will be returned to your credit card. … Completed: The transaction was successful and the money is in the recipient's account.
What happens if someone accidentally Venmoed you?
What do I do if I paid the wrong person? Send them a charge request for the same amount with a note asking them to pay you back for the money you sent by mistake. … If you try to send money to someone you aren't connected with through the app, you'll get an alert asking you if you're sure you want to send funds.
How do you venmo someone not in your contacts?
You simply have to search for them, either by name or username.In the Search People Menu, type your friend's name or username into the search bar. … Tap on the profile you're looking for.Look at the picture and information on the profile to be sure it's the correct person, then tap "Add Friend" under their name.
How do I know if my PayPal payment is cleared?
From your PayPal app, here's how to check the status of a payment:Scroll down to Your activity near the bottom of the screen. Here you will see your most recent transactions.To see more, tap the arrow next to Your activity.To filter your transactions, tap the icon in the top right corner.
Can you keep money accidentally paid into your bank account?
Can u get scammed on venmo?
Hackers have discovered that they can use Venmo to trick users into providing their bank account information or Social Security numbers. Scammers have also used Venmo to make fraudulent purchases, leaving sellers without the product they were selling or any of the dollars they thought they were making from the sale.


High Resolution – The Future of Digital Audio lecture by Igor Levin, Morten Lindberg, Lothar Kerestedjian and Daniela Manger
Earlier this year, during the High End Show in Munich we were given the chance to organize a lecture about high resolution audio and the benefits it brings to listeners. In order to get several different perspectives we got together four different experts and supporters of high resolution audio, from four different fields of the audio industry.
The lecturers were Daniela Manger from Manger Audio, Morten Lindberg from 2L, Lothar Kerestedjian from HighResAudio and Igor Levin, CEO and Founder of Antelope Audio.
The title of the lecture, High Resolution – The Future of Digital Audio attracted a significant audience in front of the Technology Stage at the High End Show. Here you can watch the whole lecture divided into several short videos.
Good morning and welcome to High Resolution, this early morning first talk about high res audio starting with Igor Levin, CEO of Antelope Audio who will introduce you to high res audio systematics. So, then again, welcome and 'give a hand' for Igor Levin.
Guten morgan, Good morning. Thank you for coming and… it's actually amazing what kind of things people want to hear early in the morning. So let's talk a little bit about the technical stuff because the guys that come after me are a lot more practical than me. I'm not a very practical kind of a guy. So let's do the sinusoids as everybody talks about sinusoids. This is something that shows the basic aspects about audio sampling.
Now, there's fundamentally three things to high-quality audio. One thing is the bit resolution, and this is what these three things illustrate. Where this is presumably a converter say, with 24-bits whereas the second picture, figuratively speaking maybe 16-bits and then 12-bits. So the bit width determines how accurately we sample the waveform vertically. The second aspect is the sample rate, which is the horizontal aspect of sampling. This shows you the same sinusoid sampled at 44.1 kHz and this is sampled at 384 kHz. So we could see that we're taking a lot more points at the 384 kHz, which obviously gives us a much better resolution in time. That's something that's very important for trenchant response. That is the issue that will be addressed by one of the later speakers in the forum.
The third aspect to quality audio sampling reproduction is the issue of jitter. The green waveform is the waveform we wanted to have the blue waveform is the waveform we got when the points move off the curve because of the timing inaccuracies. So having accurate clock is equally important to being able to get back the waveform you started with. So these are the three most important things and that's where the battle organizes. The battle is based on trying to get nice bit width resolution, trying to get nice, accurate and complete sampling and trying to reduce or control the jitter.
So the next thing we're going to talk about is the structure of a typical D/A converter chip. Now this is becoming a bit technical. Hopefully not too shocking to most participants. This is a typical D/A converter chip. Now, first thing that happens in the D/A converter chip is the interpolation so that when the audio comes in at 44.1 kHz, you actually have to increase the sample rate because the D/A component, Number 3 in the diagram, does not work at the sample rate that you think the audio is playing on. So, it typically works that sixteen times the sample rate or thirty two times the sample rate, so inside a D/A converter chip there is an interpolator that upsamples every DAC has an up-sampler, whether you realize it or not, that's fundamental to how the D/A converter chips work the Sigma-Delta converters. So one of the issues with the sound quality is how good is this interpolator? …Because obviously if the interpolator is not good then what you're getting is an artifact of interpolation.
Because that was quite a big issue in the early designs of the chips, people were thinking, is there something we can do to avoid the issue of interpolation to avoid the distortions that come from the upsampling. So the idea of the "DSD" was born. This part here represents the A/D converter, which starts with the Sigma-Delta modulator and that has a digital filter that downsamples and then… we are connecting this to a D/A converter. So we're kind of starting with a high sample rate, down sampling it where it comes out at 44.1 kHz for CD. Now, we're upsampling it again to bring it up to high frequencies, typically several megahertz and then we're applying it to the DAC.
So the insight on the DSD was: Okay, why do we start with a high frequency then throw it away going down and then going back up again? -So let's get rid of this digital filter. Let's get rid of this interpolator and this is what the DSD is we're taking the output at high rate from the modulator at typically several megahertz and we're applying it directly to the DAC. So, in principle the idea seems brilliant. It's a brilliant idea to get rid of the two components that are quite responsible for distortion. In practice however the picture didn't work out as good as people had hoped…
So what is the problem with the DSD? Well, here I put down some of the issues, but perhaps one of the most important issues is the issue number three, that all the mastering software, everything that we have, that everybody uses because the CD you listen to is not… it's not directly from the microphone to your speaker, but it's been processed. There was a recording engineer; there was a mastering engineer. All mastering today that exists, exists only in PCM format. There is not much you can do with DSD directly. You can perhaps change the volume, but that's about it. So as a result, even when the record says it's DSD, it has effectively been converted to PCM for mastering purposes and so at the end, you can convert it back to DSD if you like and that's what's done, but unfortunately that kills the original idea of getting rid of those interpolation filters. So we're back to using the interpolation filters and then at the end we are artificially converting it to a DSD. That is the issue number 3 that is perhaps the weakest point of the DSD idea.
The issue number two is equally important. When the DSD was originally created it was a 1-bit format. Since then the world moved on. The chip designers quickly realized that 1-bit DAC does not give you the dynamic range that you want and the one bit designs were abandoned approximately ten fifteen years ago towards 3-bit designs and then later to 5-bit modulators. That's something that's not taken into account. So as a result, when you're converting it to 1-bit, you're actually throwing away the bits that the DAC is capable of because the DAC itself. You cannot buy a commercial DAC chip today that's a 1-bit DAC chip. All the chips that receive the DSD formats, they are actually 3-bit or 5-bit modulators which will then artificially which are not using all the bits that the chip is capable of. So as a result, this 1-bit issue is sort of… again there is a loss involved, that it's mismatched with the current technology that's commonly available.
Then there are issues of standardization and most importantly as well from a technical point of view. The DSD system uses a lot of dithering in order to work properly and this heavy amount of dithering it's actually high-frequency noise, which when it gets into analog circuits like preamplifiers and power amplifiers after it tends to react with the with the input circuits in such a way as to produce another set of distortions. So a huge amount of dithering noise is always an issue with the analog circuits that follow. So as a result because of some of these reasons DSD format as well as standardisation issues and equipment never really obtained penetration and in my view the idea was excellent, but the implementation did not quite work out how it was intended to be. So now let's see – what can we do with today's technology? Times move on, we're now to 3-bit modulators, 5-bit modulators and we are up to the chips that can convert at a much higher sample rate.
So the argument I'm going to make is that 384 kHz audio actually has a chance to become what DSD wanted to be but did not actually become. Now what is so cool? Well, the cool thing about high sample rates is that they… whereas they do use a little bit of filters in the chip these are not the long and deep filters with very very long-time trenchant responses. These are affectively we're taking a signal as if almost directly from the modulator with a small amount of filtering, very very gentle. We are able to convert it to 384 kHz, PCM and we are able to go away from the problems with the upsampling and the downsampling. We now, because it's a PCM format, we now become compatible with all the mastering plugins and it is now a format that's easily stored and distributable in files, so you can store them in WAV files, you can store them in FLAC files and that's something that makes it very compatible with the modern internet age. And, because of the very very dense sampling in time – it reproduces the time response, the trenchant a lot better, which is thought to


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A family of explorers
Here comes a 50-foot-tall robot! But don't worry, it's only out to explore the Universe. It is made up of 10 NASA spacecraft, gathered into a "Family of Explorers," skating down Pasadena's Colorado Boulevard in the 2005 Rose Parade. The Rose Parade has happened every year on January 1st (or 2nd, if the 1st is a Sunday) for the past 116 years in Pasadena, California. It is seen on TV all around the world.
The first ever!
"Family of Explorers" is the first Rose Parade float ever made by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and California Institute of Technology (Caltech), which manages JPL. JPL and Caltech are located in Pasadena, so it's about time they made a float! Their first-ever float won the newly created Crown City Innovation Trophy for imagination and innovation to advance the art of float design.
The float salutes the space missions managed by JPL and Caltech and the family of scientists, professors, and researchers that made the missions possible. All these spacecraft are currently exploring somewhere in the solar system, either in Earth orbit or beyond... way beyond in several cases. Each of them is helping humans take big steps toward understanding Earth, Mars, the Saturn system, comets, the Sun, and the vast Universe beyond.
Not to scale
The real spacecraft range from about the height of a human to over 30 feet tall. But the models on the float are all about the same size. Starting from the bottom, the robot's feet are skating on the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity. The right leg is the Genesis spacecraft, on a mission to explore the Sun. The left leg is Jason-1, studying Earth's oceans. The right arm is GALEX, the Galaxy Evolution Explorer telescope. The left arm is Mars Global Surveyor, studying Mars from orbit. On the belly of the robot is Stardust, grabbing comet samples and sending them back to Earth for study. On the chest is GRACE, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment using a new approach to studying the oceans' role in climate. On the back of the right arm is the Spitzer Space Telescope, studying the Universe in infrared light. And like a fancy hat, the Cassini spacecraft with the Huygens Probe are perched on the robot's head, studying Saturn and its moon Titan.
The robot's head moved from side to side. The entire robot tilted from upright to leaning forward by about 15 degrees. Carbon dioxide "smoke" blasted out from the rockets on the robot's backpack. Several strobe lights flashed on the helmet and body. At one point on the parade route, the float had to go under a freeway overpass. The whole robot leaned forward so it was lying face down, going from 50 feet tall to only 17-1/2 feet tall. A counter-balance of 5,000 pounds at the rear kept the float from tipping forward.
About three-quarters of a million flowers decorated the float. Some were small, dried flowers and some were small flowers that were finely cut up and glued on. About 500 pounds of seeds were also glued on. The solar panels on the spacecraft were covered with blue and purple statice, silver leaf, onion seed and crushed rice. Other materials used were carnations, eucalyptus leaf, onion seed, roses, orchids, and gladiolas. The finished float weighed 30,500 pounds!
Thousands of people worked on the float! Designer, welders, screeners, mechanics, animators, sound technicians, artists, florists, and more than a thousand volunteer decorators altogether worked about 20,000 hours to complete the float.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Sendes vanligvis innen 5-15 dager
The hosting of sports events - whether large international events, or smaller niche interest events - has huge and long-lasting impacts on the local environment, economy and industry. Strategic Sports Event Management: Olympic Edition provides students and event managers with an insight into the strategic management of sports events of all scales and nature. The framework offers a planning process that can be used to understand the importance of a strategic approach, and shows how to implement strategies that can achieve successful sports events over the short and long-term. The text uses international case studies throughout to offer real-world insight in both larger and smaller events. Plus, in this new Olympic edition, a case study from the Beijing Olympiad is included in each chapter. Through this topical and timely addition to the text, we can understand the lessons to be learned by events mangers of events of all sizes. Written by an experienced author and using first-hand research the text looks at: the organizations involved such as the IOC, FIFA and IAAF, and their interactions with charities, the media and promoters the short-term and long-term benefits of the planning process evaluating the event, its impacts and legacies operational strategies including finance, ticketing, transport, venues, IT, communications, equipment and personnel the bidding process and what is required for a successful bid Strategic Sports Event Management: Olympic Edition builds on the substantial success of the first edition and is vital reading for students and practitioners alike.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Several previous reports have established the Pentax Airwayscope® (Pentax AWS, S-100, HOYA-PENTAX, Tokyo, Japan) as an efficient tool for tracheal intubation in adult patients. The Pentax AWS is often successfully used with an INTLOCK blade ; to date, however, INTLOCK blades have been released for neonatal and pediatric patients only. In this case, we performed tracheal intubation using a Pentax AWS attached to a pediatric-type INTLOCK blade (ITL-P) in an adult patient fitted with a Leksell® Stereotactic frame (Elekta, Sweden). The patient weighed 45 kg and was 154 cm tall, and was scheduled for a tumor biopsy due to glioblastoma in the brain stem. The patient was preoperatively fitted with a Leksell® frame on her head. The patient was not premedicated and was monitored with electrocardiography (ECG), noninvasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry. Following pre-oxygenation, general anesthesia was induced using propofol 4.0 μg·ml-1 with target-controlled infusion and remifentanil 0.25 μg·kg -1·hr-1. After loss of consciousness, we administered 30-mg rocuronium boluses. We initially attempted tracheal intubation first using a Macintosh laryngoscope and then a Pentax AWS, but we could not achieve tracheal intubation with either of these instruments. Upon switching to a Pentax AWS with an ITL-P, we successfully achieved tracheal intubation without any complications. Anesthesia was maintained uneventfully with 3.0 μg·ml-1 propofol and remifentanil 0.10 to 0.25 μg·kg-1·hr-1 in oxygen and air. Further study is needed to facilitate the effective use of the Pentax AWS and the ITL-P in such cases.
|Number of pages||3|
|Journal||Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology|
|Publication status||Published - 2014 Aug|
- Leksell® frame
- Pentax airwayscope®
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine


PCB FR-4 Materials Are Not All The Same
Kella Knack
| Created: May 27, 2019 | Updated: April 21, 2020
In the PCB industry, "FR-4".is a common designation for laminate materials. To a certain extent, FR-4 as a specific type of laminate is one of the many myths promulgated throughout the industry. This blog will address the history the term FR-4, what it really means, the various quantifiers associated with it, and the characteristic issues of concern when selecting design-specific laminates.
The Origins of FR-4
If you research FR-4 as a term, nearly every reference defines it as being a glass-reinforced epoxy laminate. Essentially, the Wikipedia definition is: "FR-4 is a NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) grade designation for glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material. FR-4 is a composite material composed of woven fiberglass cloth with an epoxy-based resin binder that is flame resistant (self-extinguishing)."This definition of FR-4 is so ubiquitous within the industry that many people involved in PCB product development have come to use FR-4 as a laminate designation in this manner.
The reality is that FR-4 is not and has never been a laminate material. Rather, it is a UL rating that means "flame retardant class 4." If you go back far enough into the history of PCBs, there were only two laminate choices: polyimide and epoxy-based materials. If you were designing an aerospace product you used polyimide because the resin system could withstand higher temperatures. But, it comes with a lot of negatives—it is expensive, difficult to manufacture, and at the top of the list of problems, it soaks up moisture. This means you must bake a board made out of polyimide dry and then have a conformal coating put on it to prevent severe leakage problems.
The other "original" material was epoxy. Epoxy was less expensive, easier to manufacture, and was the most commonly used resins. But, the material cannot withstand high temperatures. So, it becomes soft during the soldering process, making it prone to warping. Also, the term "epoxy" does not denote any one particular resin, but to a class of laminates.
So, based on these two original laminate choices, FR-4 came to mean "not polyimide", but, by no means, are all FR-4 boards the same. In fact, it's possible to make 50 different boards, all of which satisfy the"FR-4" designation, but differ in their appearance, performance, and where they fall within the cost spectrum.
Even when the industry moved beyond purely epoxy-based materials, the FR-4 designation remained because the newer resin systems weren't polyimide. For instance, to address the shortcomings of epoxy-based systems, we now have several epoxy blends with a variety of temperature characteristics. One of these is known as "High-Tg FR-4" addresses the low Tg (glass transition temperature) problems associated with epoxy-based boards.
What Really Matters
Along with copper foils and woven glass reinforcement, resin systems are one of the main components of board material systems. And, within the resin system, one of the most important properties is the dielectric (insulator). The property of the dielectric that affects impedance and wave velocity is the relative dielectric constant (er). As shown in Table 1, this property varies with both resin content and the frequency at which it is measured.
Table 1. Properties of a Typical Hi Tg FR-4 Laminate System
When people use "FR-4" they assume that there is one common dielectric constant for all FR-4 materials. Specifically, they assume FR-4 means the material has an er of 4.7. This er has not existed for 30 years, but the assumption was the source of lots of impedance errors. Table 2 shows the er of commonly used laminates none of which are much above 4.0. Additional critical information includes Tan (f) loss tangent, DBV (dielectric breakdown voltage) and WA (water absorption).
Table 2. Properties of Several Common PCB Materials Systems
Tg = glass transition temperature WA = water absorption
DBV = dielectric breakdown voltage Tan (f) = loss tangent
er = relative dielectric constant
All materials with woven glass reinforcement except Teflon.
Specifying the Best Laminate for Your Design
One of the things that plagued the industry over the years is that the data sheets on materials historically did not include enough information to allow product developers to choose laminates based on the performance parameters of their designs. Within the broad category of "FR-4", many materials are "typical" without enough specifics to ensure the right laminate was selected for a given product design.
As designs became more complex, the need for further refinement of laminate information rose exponentially. For instance, in recent years, one common challenge was missing information on glass weave styles. Not having this information led to serious issues with jitter and skew. Fortunately, laminate manufacturers now provide information on the glass weave styles such as that shown Table 3.
Table 3. List of Glass Weave Styles Available in PCB Laminates
Table 4 is an example of the laminate information containing glass style and resin content needed to design a stackup. This table is for the FR408HR laminate system from Isola Group.
Table 4. Typical Laminate Information Needed to Design a PCB Stackup
From Prototyping to Production
As with other critical aspects of design, it's imperative that the engineering team be very specific when identifying a particular laminate for a product, and then be equally diligent about ensuring that the same laminate is used throughout the entire product manufacturing cycle from prototyping to full production. Sometimes, a cost-conscious production manufacturer substitutes one material for another to save the customer money. This type of situation occurred about five years ago when a production manufacturer substituted a material that had the cheaper one-ply glass material rather than the design-correct, but more expensive, two-ply. This resulted in boards failing and the manufacturer having to buy all of the assembled boards, each of which had $5-6K worth of components.
In truth, our industry got into the bad habit of letting fabricators change the artwork, the stackup,or the material either as part of their routine or as a way of "saving" their customers money. This may not have had much impact when the speeds of design were slow, but that kind of latitude is impossible with today's high-speed designs. This is why it's important to have test structures built into your boards and to make sure a "traveler" goes through the fabrication facility with each board. Product developers should insist on this document so they can see which materials went into their boards throughout the product development cycle.
While the use of FR-4 as a laminate designator has a basis in history, it does not mean it offers performance metrics. In reality, using "FR-4" materials for a particular design can lead to severe consequences including product failure. To ensure your product will work as designed the first time, you must factor in the critical performance-related characteristics into the final material choice. It's also imperative to specify that the same laminate be used throughout the entire production cycle from prototype through to full production.
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Australian aboriginal kinship essay
What is a Kinship system?. Grieves, V. More This paper has been submitted by user Kylie Cervantes who studied at the University of New Mexico, USA, with average GPA 3.12 out of 4.0 Introduction Indigenous Australians are scattered across the nation. Throughout Aboriginal history, land, spirituality and kinship have been inextricably linked Nov 23, 2016 · Indigenous Australians are the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia, groups that existed before European colonisation. 15 However, in the kinship network observed in this setting, kinship is a much more integrated and complex concept ADVERTISEMENTS: This essay provides information about the Kinship: Man is a social animal. It is an integral part …. How doesthe historic era and/or audience Impact upon artistic Aboriginal Dream Time. The kinship diagram that was so valuable to me was not the result of a …. Australian Aborigines Australian Aborigines are thought to have the longest continuous cultural history in the world. Kinship includes a number of obligations and induces formal behavior in relationships. Australia Kinship System. Dreamtime is a portal that allows any person, from any race, religion, gender, and generation, to step into the world of the Aboriginal Dreamtime How does the process of dispossession affect Aboriginal people Essay Sample. Kinship took a central role in the structure of Aboriginal communities because it was their main way of organising people and their social relationships (Keen 2004, p.174) Australia Kinship System. Some experts consider that it is the basis of all social interaction. Dreamtime is a portal that allows any person, from any race, religion, gender, and generation, to step into the world of the Aboriginal Dreamtime Introduction Indigenous Australians are scattered across the nation. that arose from a typical kinship model. It. Australian aboriginal culture. Aboriginal Kinship Systems. Religion is a great portion of Aboriginal civilization. 1652 words (7 pages) Essay in Social Work. In an article written by M.H. Western Desert kinship terminology Western Desert terminology (also known as Aluridja terminology, since Elkin's descriptions in the 1930s) has raised issues that are significant for anthropologists. Australian Gold Rush Essay Topics. australian aboriginal kinship essay Kinship in Australian Aborigines The individuality promoted by American and other esternized societies makes one often forget the kinship, extended-family-based networks present in most other societies, and especially those in which the main way of life revolves around foraging and horticulture systems Australian aboriginal culture. Australian Aboriginal Kinship Essay, math assignments for 6th graders 3rd kids, financial marketing agency sydney university tuition, geography quizzes worldwide solutions inc. All objects are living and share the same soul and spirit as Aboriginals. In the past I have held the mistaken beliefs that indigenous Australians were dangerous, lazy, not very intelligent, alcoholic and aggressive human beings May 19, 2013 · The Australian AboriginesEric PerryAnthropology 101Prof. 000 old ages ago from Southeast Asia. Aboriginal Dream Time.
Truthfulness Essay Students
"The system of kinship put everybody in a specific The kinship system is a feature of Aboriginal social organisation and family relationships across Central Australia. The Aboriginal people were the indigenous inhabitants of the Australian Continent. Throughout Aboriginal history, land, spirituality and kinship have been inextricably linked. There have been noted to be about 500 language named groups of aboriginal Australians (answers.com, 2010) The nuclear family is still the basic kinship unit. Graham, M. Australian aboriginal culture1) Two core values ofAboriginal cultures are country and kinship: the land and people. ANT 101 March 2011 The kinship system is the social relationships that constitute the family connection by blood, marriage, or adoption; family relationship in a particular culture, according to Websters Dictionary. Sample Criminology Essays and. Diabetic foot care: developing culturally appropriate educational tools for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the Northern Territory, Australia. Essay Writing Services. and merely 3 % still adhere to traditional beliefs. ABORIGINAL SPIRITUALITY: A BASELINE FOR INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGES DEVELOPMENT IN AUSTRALIA. It is based not only on familial relations but also on relationships with one's totem, which represents a person or group's connection to the ancestral beings within the land Australian Aboriginal Kinship Essay, math assignments for 6th graders 3rd kids, financial marketing agency sydney university tuition, geography quizzes worldwide solutions inc. Before contact with the Europeans in the 18th century, these people occupied various regions throughout Australia and they had diverse culture and languages The first Aboriginal Benchbook for Western Australian Courts was launched in May 2002. The Australian Aboriginal kinship system has a large impact on how the culture behaves beginning with their creation stories and then onto how children are raised, children entering adulthood, and relationships that are taught Aboriginal Australians are the indigenous people of Australia. With reference to a historic example, explain how these core v alues have been expressed in art, literature or music. In mainstream Australian culture, kinship is closely linked to being either born or married into a specific family. Aboriginal Rights - Then and Now Australia is known throughout the world today as a land of opportunity. (2001). AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINALS Dana Weaver Ant101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology Prof. Kinship is so important to the Aborigines that they created Aboriginal Law that dictates the behavior of one member towards …. They have much in common with other varieties of Australian English, but there are distinctive features of accent, grammar, words and meanings, as well as language use Aboriginal spirituality is defined as at the core of Aboriginal being, their very identity. & Whitbread, C. It is a complex system that determines how people relate to each other and their roles, responsibilities and obligations in relation to one another, australian aboriginal kinship essay ceremonial business and land. These beliefs have provided the Aboriginal people with counsel and position on all facets of life An Indigenous understanding of Reciprocity Reciprocity is an underlying principle expressed throughout Aboriginal societies.Outline and Illustrate the Importance of this fundamental concept In the economic, social, spiritual and political spheres of Aboriginal life (refer to reciprocity In the index to Edwards 2005).The word reciprocity's. a bulk of the Aboriginal community profess commitment to Christianity. Introduction Aborigines or autochthonal Aussies are the native people of Australia. The. Monroe, he states that, "Aboriginal Australia kinship is one of the most complex systems in the world" (Monroe, 2010). (2008). Kinship has major implications among all communities in the world just as is the case among aboriginal communities, their social structure and their culture. This essay on Social Justice and the Australian Indigenous people was written and submitted by your fellow student. With reference to a historic example, explain how. 000 – 60.


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Middle and Modern English Corpus Linguistics: A multi-dimensional approachby Manfred Markus
This book brings together a variety of approaches to English corpus linguistics and shows how corpus methodologies can contribute to the linking of diachronic and synchronic studies. The articles in this volume investigate historical changes in the English language as well as specific aspects of Middle and Modern English and, moreover, of English dialects. The contributions also discuss the development of English corpus linguistics generally and its potential in the future. Special focus is given to the continuity between Middle and Modern English – much in line with the linking in previous studies of Middle English and Old English under the generic term "medievalism". This volume highlights the continual development of English from the medieval to modern period.
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A New 'Meme' Cryptocurrency Named Şeyma Subaşı Released
Another example from our country has been added to crypto coins in the 'meme coin' class. A crypto currency named 'Seyma Subasi' took its place on a small cryptocurrency exchange. It is not known exactly who took the money and why.
Same cornerAnother example from Turkey has been added to the 's. With his personal life, especially on social media, By Şeyma Subaşı A new cryptocurrency was launched. 'PooCoinThe coin, which can be viewed on the site ', is already on the rise. It is unknown who the shooter was.
After a coin and a token issued in the name of Sedat Peker, which are the most famous examples of the concept of 'meme coin' in our country, a crypto currency was issued under the name of another famous name. 'SYMS' According to a claim made on Twitter about the money listed with the abbreviation 'Seyma Subasi', It was issued for the purpose of collecting aid for students..
What is the 'meme coin' that Seyma Subasi exemplifies?
doge coin
A name given to humorous content on the internet, 'meme' is a term frequently encountered by cryptocurrency investors. It cannot be said that 'meme coins' are very different from the 'meme' logic. these coins released as a jokeThey are known for the reputation of the original source of the joke.
For example, Dogecoin, which earns its investors many times over, Based on the 'doge' photo of the famous 9GAG deer from the 2010s removed. Of course, this does not mean that every 'meme coin' will explode and bring big returns to investors.
Why did Şeyma Subaşı crypto money come out?
Şeyma Subaşı crypto money
Come on: Sedat Peker's 'Meme' Crypto Money Launched
The crypto money, whose short name is SYMS and issued in the name of Şeyma Subaşı, took its place on the site called 'PooCoin' today at noon. As for why it was removed, we should mention that 'meme coins' can be removed even out of boredom. But a post on Twitter says the purpose of the money is to raise funds for students. Publisher for a similar purpose recently Hazrat Yasuo It also issued its own token.
Şeyma Subaşı crypto money also has a Telegram group. In the group's statement, Şeyma Subaşı's famous statement "You Can't Make Everyone Happy Because You're Not Pizza" is located. Momentarily with 83 investors the price of money right now 0.183344 dollars. The rise continues, but be warned: A coin's joking rise may not be permanent. So keep in mind that it's up to you to analyze whether these types of investments can be harmful or beneficial.
Nothing in this content is investment advice.


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Lost Mound is located where the once vibrant Savanna Army Depot once was (still there, just not operational). It is part of the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife Refuge and is a birder's paradise, yet still fairly unknown. The signs and sights tell you otherwise, but Lost Mound is unbelievable when it comes to birds.
While in Rhode Island we have started to see lots of Northern Mockingbirds. This was a life bird for Dakota, and a bird we seldom see in northern Illinois. Northern Mockingbird with earwig


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LTAD - Long Term Athlete Development
What is Long Term Athlete Development (LTAD)?
LTAD is a training, competition, and recovery program. It establishes guidelines for coaches, athletes, administrators, and parents in all areas, including planning, training, competition, and recovery. It takes into account the ever-changing competitive program and the overall demands on the athletes. Long-term athlete development is also about identifying potential and providing appropriate developmental pathways for that potential to be fully realized. It is about ensuring that everyone who wants to learn sport has the opportunity. … The best sport development programs have a long-term vision, adapt and account for the rates at which an athlete matures rather than planning programs based solely on chronological age, are athlete centered, coach driven, but strongly supported by administration, sport science, and sponsors.
Robertson and Way - 2005
To learn more about Canada's generic LTAD model please visit Canadian Sport For Life.
TSN feature blogger, Jason Devos, discusses the Canadian Soccer Association's implementation of Long Term Player Development and has some very interesting commentary on people's reaction to their plan!
LTAD soccer video and how it benefits youth athletes and soccer.
Competition is a Good Servant but a Poor Master
By: Istvan Balyi & Richard Way
"Competition is a critical issue in all sports, especially team sports. Unfortunately, the system of competition in many sports was never properly designed; it simply 'evolved' on an improvised basis without consideration for the sport science of athlete development. Now many competition schedules are considered part of the tradition of certain sports, and these habitual patterns are passionately adhered to."
Early Specialization can Cause Injuries & Burnout
Costly dreams: Young athletes risk injury and burnout. Parents put their kids in danger by encouraging sports specialization at an early age, experts say.
By Yvonne Zacharias, Post Media News
A Sport Parent's Guide
Canadian Sport for Life
Sports and physical activity play an important role in our children's healthy growth and development, but in recent times physical activity has suffered serious decline among Canadian children. The goal of this booklet is to help you understand the needs of young athletes and what may be done to promote their best interests in staying active and healthy.
Physical Literacy - Video
LTAD with Dr. Steve Norris - Video


US Army Corps of Engineers
Institute for Water Resources Website
Tales of the Coast
Coastal Dynamics
Wind and Glaciated Coasts
Glaciated coasts are strongly affected by waves, which are driven by wind. Waves rework glacial deposits such as outwash that is deposited when glaciers melt.
On the Atlantic coast, previous glaciers left many depositional features behind, including moraines and drumlins. Wind creates waves that have significantly modified these features over time. For example, the original town of Boston was settled on drumlins in the 1600s, and the islands in Boston Harbor are reworked drumlins. Nantucket Island, Block Island, and Long Island are partially submerged moraines that have been extensively reworked.
Glaciated coast
Source: National Oceanic & Atmospheric Adminstration (NOAA)
Wind and Glaciated Coasts
Wind-driven waves rework sediment along glaciated coasts in Alaska and northern New England.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
The title is probably a bit too broad. I frequently encountered the following situation: suppose I need to select a solution to a linear equation from a compact set. Can I make this selection continuous?
Formally, let $S \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a compact set. Let $A$ be a $k \times n$ matrix ($k < n$), which we view as a linear function $A: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^k$. Let $T = A(S)$ be the range of $A$ on $S$. Is there a continuous function $g: T \to S$, such that $A g(y) = y$?
To construct $g$, we only need to pick a value from the solution set $A^{-1}(\{y\}) \cap S$, which is compact. The question is: can we choose it in a continuous way? It is easy to see that we can choose $g$ to be Borel measurable, say, choose $g$ to be the one with the minimum Euclidean norm from the solution set.
share|improve this question
alright. I think this is impossible in general. Example: $n = 2, k =1$. $S = [-1,0] \times $ {1} $\cup$ $[0,1] \times $ {0}. Then T=[-1, 1]. There is a problem at y=0 – mr.gondolier Apr 6 '10 at 3:56
I think what is lacking here is convexity. Otherwise, one can make use of this selection theorem: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_selection_theorem – mr.gondolier Apr 6 '10 at 4:20
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For many, carrying with a round in the chamber is a step that hasn't been taken yet. The reasons vary, but it's definitely an issue for a lot of people. In this article, I am going to discuss a simple thing that you can do to ease your mind.
If you came here to say something along the lines of "Carrying with an empty chamber is stupid" or "Why even carry if your pipe is empty?", save it. This article isn't for you.
If you're still reading, I hope that you're here for the tip in this article.
First, keep this in mind: For a modern handgun to fire, the trigger needs to be depressed. For the following example, I am going to be referring to Glock pistols as the example, since they have no external safety (aside from the trigger safety).
If you don't already, start to carry your firearm with the trigger in the forward position, shown below:
At the end of the day when you take your firearm out of your holster to put it away, chances are the trigger is still in that position. If it is, congrats, you did not 'experience' a negligent discharge. The word 'experience' is in quotes because we are under the assumption that a round was not in the chamber, rendering a negligent discharge impossible unless you racked the slide before the trigger was accidentally depressed.
Now, if you ever unholster your firearm and see the trigger pulled back, we have a real problem. Again, if your trigger is in the position shown below when you unholster, you need to take a serious look at your carry setup. Something or someone is pulling your trigger back:
If you are using a proper holster (by our standards, one that is molded to your particular firearm) and follow all of the safety protocols, a depress of the trigger should never occur if the firearm remains in the holster.
Another area of concern is holstering the firearm. This is rather obsolete given the scenerio above, but I'll touch on it anyway. Holstering is something that everyone should practice on a regular basis. If you are still concerned with holstering with a round in the chamber, try the same thing as we just discussed. If you holster and unholster, and your trigger is still forward, you're good to go. The main concern with holstering would be getting a piece of clothing inside the trigger guard, or a part of the holster itself. With the right setup and continued practice, this will become a non-issue.
I hope that this article helps at least one person who has been hesitant to carry with a round in the chamber. We're all on different levels of carrying, and it's nothing to be ashamed of.
You may also be interested in the following articles:
Why We Recommend Carrying With A Round In The Chamber (Warning: Graphic)


Cardiomyopathy in cats related to saddle thrombosis
The most likely cause of a saddle thrombus in cats (a blood clot that blocks arteries in the legs) is cardiomyopathy or congestive heart failure. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that prevents the muscle from being able to pump effectively.
I spoke with Dr. Prueter, an internal medicine veterinary specialist here in Cleveland, to learn more and here is my summary of our conversation. Note that I've taken the liberty of summarizing our conversation in lay person's language (because that's what I am) and so any inaccuracies are all mine!
Blood_flow_through_the_heart_2What happens to the cat's heart with cardiomyopathy and how is it caused?
Read more
Get an Embrace Pet Insurance Quote


races. 3.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 1,494 households out of which 41.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the city the age distribution of the population shows 29.7% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 3.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 107.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $66,532, and the median income for a family was $74,188. Males had a median income of $56,932 versus $31,855 for females. The per capita income for the city was $27,341. About 5.0% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.3% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.
Aerial view of the oil terminal
Oil terminal[edit]
The Valdez Marine Terminal is an oil port in Valdez, at the southern end of the Alaska Pipeline. The terminal was the point of departure for the Exxon Valdez just prior to the Exxon Valdez oil spill.
There are 18 holding tanks at the terminal, and an average of three to five oil tankers depart from the terminal each week. Since the pipeline became operational in 1977, more than 15,000 tankers full of oil have left the terminal.
Media and culture[edit]
Despite its small size, Valdez was at one time home to two weekly newspapers, the Valdez Star and the Valdez Vanguard. In 2004, the Star bought out the Vanguard. Valdez is also home to radio broadcasters KCHU, KVAK, KVAK-FM.
Valdez is also home to the Last Frontier Theatre Conference, hosted by the Prince William Sound Community College. The annual conference attracts playwrights and actors from around the United States.
It is used as a loose base for a multiplayer level titled "Midnight Sun" in the Armored Fury expansion for the 2005 video game Battlefield 2.
In the 2010 video game Battlefield: Bad Company 2 under the name "Port Valdez" is an available multiplayer map. The map landscape is based on the Valdez Marine Terminal with some modifications.
On Deadly Ground (1994) was filmed near Worthington Glacier, Alaska, as well as the Valdez Civic Center and Valdez Airport, and 30 miles (48 km) outside Valdez on Thompson Pass in the Chugach Mountains.
Notable natives[edit]
See also[edit]
 3. ^ PWSCC website
 4. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Valdez, Alaska
 5. ^ a b c Paragraph edited by the Valdez Museum and Historical Archive Mar 2009
 6. ^ "Prince William Sound / Copper River Ecosystem: Biological and Ecological Resources"
 7. ^ America's Top 10 Snowiest Cities
 8. ^ [1]
 9. ^ "NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
 11. ^ "Subcounty population estimates: Alaska 2000-2007" (CSV). United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2009-04-30.
 12. ^ Dunham, Mike (2011-01-21). "Neva Egan, the first of Alaska's first ladies, dies at age 96". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
 13. ^ "Ed Walker obituary". Mat-Su Valley Frontiersman. 2011-10-31. Retrieved 2011-11-24.
External links[edit]


What's So Friggin' Funny?
Sometimes called the reptilian brain because its basic structure dates back to our reptile ancestors, the brain stem is largely devoted to our most primal instincts, far removed from the complex, higher-brain skills that allow us to understand humor. And yet somehow, in this primitive region, we find the urge to laugh. —Steven Johnson —What's So Friggin' Funny? (Discover)


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Ludlow Education Centre increase biodiversity in their school grounds
19 July 2012
Download the Case Study
We began Eco-Schools in 2009. The aims of this project were to compare and increase biodiversity in our school grounds.
Delivering the project and linking it to the curriculum
Project was integrated into curriculum with elements including Science, English, Maths, Art, D&T. For example,
Observations/ research in Science
Diary write-ups - English
Calculations of percentages differences – Maths
Art projects based on wildlife
D&T – build birdboxes, etc
Getting the pupils involved
Pupils were involved in deciding and planning the activity.
Yes – grant obtained from local council.
We received support from parents and staff. As well as relevant officers in Shropshire Council and Ludlow In Bloom.
We operate in a small centre, with diverse and fluctuating pupil population.
Benefits of being an Eco-School
Greater awareness of environmental issues
Sense of inclusion and achievements for pupils
Measuring the impact
Measured increase in wildlife in grounds
Observation of pupils' attitude/confidence
Using the Pod's resources
We used the Pod's Bug Hotel resources
Educational resources used
Start with manageable project and build up.
We have ongoing projects on
Local Authority support
Advice from Council Officer – Sue Jellyman


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Bálint BalassiArticle Free Pass
Bálint Balassi, Balassi also spelled Balassa (born Oct. 20, 1554, Zólyom, Hung.—died May 30, 1594, Esztergom), the outstanding Hungarian lyric poet of his time, remaining unrivaled in his native literature until the end of the 18th century.
Balassi was born into one of the richest Protestant families of the country and lived an adventurous life, fighting against the Turks and against his own relatives, who sought to despoil him of his heritage. At first his poetry was conventional, but his powerful personality soon found original expression. He wrote vividly about the beauties of the countryside and the rough pleasures of warfare. His love poems show genuine feeling. Balassi was the inventor of a stanza form that was copied by later poets. His conversion to Roman Catholicism led to a religious poetry in which he exhibited a strong spirituality. He died of wounds received during the siege of Esztergom.
What made you want to look up "Balint Balassi"? Please share what surprised you most...


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El Rama in 1894
|Department||South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region|
|• Municipality||2,169 sq mi (5,618 km2)|
It is along the Escondido River which branches off into three other rivers: the Sumi, Rama, and Escondido. It is home to an important Atlantic/Caribbean port. Its population is approximately 50,000 people.
Rama is an old settlement, whose name is reminiscent of their first settlers, the Caribbean indigenous Rama, once populate the territories of the present municipalities of Bluefields and Rama. Unlike the Miskito, this ethnic group did not subordinated to the British and other European nations from 1633. Ethnicity also fought pirates and Spanish conquistadors who sought to enslave during the conquest.
The municipality increased its importance in the late nineteenth century, with the beginning of the extraction of timber, rubber and banana enclave by US companies. This economic activation caused a strong flow from other parts of the country as well as citizens of Chinese origin, who were primarily devoted to trade. The construction of the Managua-Rama highway facilitated successive waves of migration of peasants
There are a total of 98 communities: among which we can to mention:
- La Esperanza: 8 kilometres (5.0 miles) northwest of Rama, on the highway to Managua, the second in population and importance, with an urban population of 3500 inhabitants.
- Wapi: Located 32 kilometres (20 miles) northwest of Rama, with an urban population of 2,500 inhabitants, according to a municipal census unfinished houses more than 124.
- Other minor places, but with a tendency to develop as villages, are: El Recreo, El Colorado, El Pavon, Aguas Calientes, Maria Cristina Gaitan, Magnolia, Las Iguanas, El Pedregal, La Union, El Arene, El Castillo and St Geronimo.
- Inifom Ficha Municipal El Rama
|This Nicaragua location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


Clio Logo
The Ice plant is located just outside of St. Augustine's Historical district on Riberia street only a few blocks from the famous Flagler College. The ice plant is Florida's first ice plant to be built and supply the city with power and also neighboring towns and local residents with ice.
The Ice Plant was originally built in 1905 as a Power plant and was eventually expanded into an Ice plant in 1907, thus making the plant the "first Florida facility to generate commercial block ice" (Mcgregor). The plant would become so successful that under new management of The Florida Power and Light company that in 1926 it expanded the facility capacity to ramp up its ice production from 65 tons to 125 tons. The facility was able to produce so much thanks to its boilers that produced power, "steam from the boilers that created the power was condensed and then recycled into the boilers or used to make ice"(Edwards). The water would sit in massive cans that would hold 325 pounds as it would undergo the process of becoming ice.
This ice had become so in demand by local fisherman, shrimpers, farmers, and by the local populace for home use. During the early 1900s fresh produce and meat was expanding and becoming the norm. This was due in part to the introduction of mass-produced ice and ice boxes. In St. Augustine the surrounding area was known for its farming. In neighboring Hastings out by Putnam County they planted potatoes, greens, and some sugar cane. In St. Augustine they had their fishing industry which was mainly known for its shrimping. During the 1920's the fishing industry was booming most of the local fisherman had begun transitioning to shrimping and new boats were being made for the shrimping industry. The fishermen were selling to upstate New York but to bring this product up north it had to travel by train.
The ice companies assisted in this process by providing ice that they would sell to the fisherman and local farmers so that they could keep their product fresh and transport it on the long journey north. The demand for the ice was also came from local residents who were able to purchase ice boxes which was the early example of refrigeration units. The Ice would be broken down into smaller portions to be sold individually to local residents out front of the building. The ice industry continued to do so well through out this time period that at its peak ice plants around the us accounted for over "100,000 employees and 40 million tons of ice"(Mcgregor). However, in the 1950's there was a decline for the need of such ice plants as freezers and refrigerators became the new norm making ice boxes obsolete and less in demand. This caused the ice plant to tank and eventually go under. The building was eventually sold to a former employee for just $1.
This lot sat abandoned for decades until it was eventually picked up by a new company called Megasystems. This company bought out the space and turned it into a movie projector manufacturing facility. The company saw it a daunting task to rebuild the building that had sat unused for so many years and decided to build in its exterior using dry wall and installing carpeting covering up the original interior. The company eventually abandoned the structure and it sat unused until 2011.
In 2011 four local residents of St. Augustine purchased the building and set out to restore the building to its former state and open a distillery and a restaurant, however they discovered the interior had fallen apart and in a terrible state. The new owners decided to take on this project by preserving what was left of the building and re-purpose it into their new design to still give it that historical feeling. "Some of these 22-foot ceilings were completely covered up. We had no idea what was behind these walls" (Distillery, St. Augustine). None the less the new owners did this by first knocking down the walls set up by the previous owners and behind them they found original steel beams that held the cranes that would transport the ice blocks to trucks or train. They also found original steel trays which they converted into the first floors ceiling. The team went even so far as to bring in old antique equipment into their museum featuring "2.5-ton cast-iron sugar mill from 1883, a copper still from the 1890s, an ammonia compressor from the 1940s" (Mcgregor). This restoration project for the ice plant bar was eventually completed in 2013 and opened in September that same year while the distillery end was eventually completed in 2014 and opened in March of 2014. The restoration efforts didn't stop there though, the company set out to help local farmers and companies by using product from local farmers such as the "Rogers family in Indian River County, who've grown grapefruit since 1928" (Mcgregor). The company now operates a successful business creating all kinds of alcoholic spirits ranging from rum and vodka to barrel aged whiskey all from locally sourced products. Through their restoration efforts and care in providing an experience in which you feel as though you have traveled back in time it makes this place truly unique to see and experience.
Edwards, Jennifer. "Residents Eye Historic Ice Plant Building for New Project." The St. Augustine Record, The St. Augustine Record, 26 Dec. 2011,
McGregor, Nick. "How a Handful of St. Augustine Residents Turned a Dilapidated Old Ice Plant into a Successful Craft Distillery and Eatery." Orlando Weekly, Orlando Weekly, 21 Mar. 2020,


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1878 - Born on the 2nd of January in Prague.
- After starting with architecture, Frankl studied art history in Munich.
1910 - He earned his Ph.D.
1921 - Became professor for art history in Halle.
1933 - His Jewish origin he was put on leave after the rise to power of Nazism.
1940 - He emigrated to the United States where he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
- His most famous works are books on the architecture of Renaissance and Gothic.
1962 - Died on the 22nd of April in Princeton, New Jersey.
This page is copyright © s9.com


Ring of integers
Let $K$ be a finite algebraic field extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. Then the integral closure of ${\mathbb{Z}}$ in $K$, which we denote by $\mathfrak{o}_K$, is called the ring of integers of $K$. Rings of integers are always Dedekind domains with finite class numbers.
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AR - ER - OR
This KEY is the Suffix which has three spellings, AR – ER – OR Meaning ONE WHO & THAT WHICH. This is one of the simplest keys to remember and you will see a great deal of it. It is listed so that you will become accustomed to seeking words, not as one lump to be swallowed whole, but as a combination of keys which are to be recognized separately.
1. doctordoct OR (dok' tor) n
One who is learned, especially in medicine.
2. bakerbak ER (bake' er) n
One who bakes.
3. actoract OR (ak' tor) n
One who acts a part in a play or in an event.
4. fighterfight ER (fite' er) n
One who fights.
5. beggarbegg AR (beg' ar) n
One who begs.
6. dancerdanc ER (dan' ser) n
One who dances.
7. jesterjest ER (jes' ter) n
One who tells jokes.
8. killerkill ER (kil' er) n
One who kills.
9. liarli AR (lie' er) n
One who tells lies.
10. misermis ER (mize' er) n
One who lives miserably in order to hoard money.
11. toilertoil ER (roil' er) n
One who works hard.
12. tractortract OR (trak' ter) n
A machine used on the farm for drawing a plow.
13. barberbarb ER (bar' ber) n
One whose work is to give shaves and haircuts.
14. wreckerwreck ER (rek' er) n
Machinery used to break down buildings and remove the wreckage.
15. painterpaint ER (pane' ter) n
One who paints.
16. sufferersuffer ET (sub' ere r) n
One who suffers, especially from a disease.
17. exhibitorexhibit OR (eg zib' it or) n
One who shows things to the public, as art.
18. racerrac ER (rase' er) n
One who races in a sport event.
19. amplifierampilifi ER (am' pil fie er) n
That which magnifies a sound, a loud speaker.
20. pacifierpacifi ER (pas' i fie er) n
That which quiets, like a ring for babies to such or bite on.
EtymologyHOME PAGE


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A considerable body of evidence has accumulated over recent years on the functions of the default-mode network (DMN) - a set of brain regions whose activity is high when the mind is not engaged in specific behavioral tasks and low during focused attention on the external environment. In this review, we focus on DMN suppression and its functional role in health and disease, summarizing evidence that spans several disciplines, including cognitive neuroscience, pharmacological neuroimaging, clinical neuroscience, and theoretical neuroscience. Collectively, this research highlights the functional relevance of DMN suppression for goal-directed cognition, possibly by reducing goal-irrelevant functions supported by the DMN (e.g., mind-wandering), and illustrates the functional significance of DMN suppression deficits in severe mental illness.
- Computational modeling
- Default-mode network
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
- Cognitive Neuroscience


Under the baton of Charles Dutoit the Boston Symphony Orchestra yoked the work of one composer known for taste and elegant discretion, and another known for his generous mixture of sonic possibilities.
Rules were made to be broken. That's the simplest takeaway from the Boston Symphony Orchestra's symphonic program of Mozart (Prague) and the Mahler (Fifth) Thursday evening at Symphony Hall.
Under the baton of Charles Dutoit, who has assumed direction of the orchestra not only for the remainder of the season but for a ten-day tour of China early next month, the BSO yoked the work of one composer known for taste and elegant discretion, and another known for his generous mixture of sonic possibilities.
For the former, Mozart's Prague symphony bends its own set of expectations (mainly in form, with three extended movements instead of the usual four); while Mahler, as always, contributes another outsized volume to the symphonic library. In both works, the orchestra displayed its customary virtuosity and its longstanding trust in Dutoit's guidance.
Mozart dedicated this late symphony to the city that embraced him late in life. It's a beautiful gift. After a slow introduction in the opening movement, at least half a dozen melodic lines are introduced and developed. The violins, led for this work by associate concertmaster Tamara Smirnova and principal Haldan Martinson, played with acuity, especially in the early parts of the slow second movement, where a touching line begins in the first section and gets completed in the second. The presto finale was highlighted by brightly played flute counterpoint, precisely articulated by Clint Foreman.
Mahler's Fifth breaks from his early quartet of symphonies, which in the composer's mind formed a kind of tetralogy, but remains long, adventurous and multifaceted. He molds the work into three sections, with five movements in total. All contain episodes of shifting moods, startling emotional breaks and musical richness.
Trumpets introduce the work, and principal Thomas Rolfs and his section magisterially played a significant role throughout the piece. A funereal elegy with a martial beat dominates the first movement, interrupted at mid-point by a curious carnival episode of boisterous energy, almost scary in its unexpected power. Inexplicably, the march returns: in the repeat, Dutoit chose the slowest of tempos, nearly sucking the life out of the music, creating a dejected, lugubrious mood.
It seemed like an intentional emphasis, and had its own merits. Other tempos in the performance (the extremely rapid last movement of the Prague, for instance, and the ultra-slow Adagietto of the Fifth) also bore Dutoit's personal stamp. They were meant to be appreciated, not explicated.
Balance was an issue throughout the work: a viola solo in the first movement, nicely played by principal Steven Ansell when audible, was mostly enveloped by the large horn section. An extended pizzicato interplay in the Scherzo, with a rapturous Spanish feel, also suffered from ungainly proportions.
The Adagietto fourth section, a respite of calm energy in the midst of it all, did proceed slowly but with informed interplay between harp (Jessica Zhou) and strings. The finale builds to an inevitable feeling of triumphant relief, Mahler weaving contrapuntal lines throughout the sections. Principal horn James Sommerville and the entire section were boisterously acknowledged afterward for their exuberant play.
The Mahler/Mozart program runs through Saturday evening. Dutoit leads the orchestra in two separate programs in the next week, beginning Tuesday evening, featuring Uzbek pianist Behzod Abduraimov making his BSO debut. For tickets and information visit _URL_ or call _PHONE_.


A horizontal spring with spring constant 130 N/m is compressed 20 cm and used to launch a 2.7 kg box across a frictionless, horizontal surface. After thebox travels some distance, the surface becomes rough. Thecoefficient of kinetic friction of the box on the surface is0.15.
Use work and energy to find how far the box slides across therough surface before stopping. answer in cm
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Danfoss at the heart of new ultra-efficient RO plant that uses nothing but solar power without battery backup
Thursday, 11 February 2016
Mascara NT chose Danfoss pumps and ERDs to drive an RO plant whose only energy source is the sun. Specially developed for some of the world's most arid and isolated regions, the new OSMOSUN system is designed to produce water so efficiently that it does not need energy storage. By eliminating costly battery packs, Mascara NT's solar powered plant radically reduces total life cycle costs and enables clean water in locations completely off the grid.
What do some of the world's most isolated RO plants have in common besides coastal locations? Electricity costs are high because they are far from main power grids and typically rely on diesel generators. Reliability is key, as getting maintenance know how and spare parts to remote locations is difficult and expensive. Installation budgets are tight, and total costs of ownership are carefully examined as well. And the sun shines a
lot, but not constantly or at consistent intensity.
Therefore, Mascara NT set its sights on developing an off-grid RO plant that would be efficient enough to run on solar power only. What is more, it would have to operate even without battery back-up in order to save costs and maintenance problems.
To meet these complex challenges, Mascara NT needed to develop a new way of producing predictably high pressure with variable power input. They also had to find an extremely efficient high-pressure pump and ERD combination.
The development process that led to the new OSMOSUN plant's power management was so innovative that it led to several new patents for Mascara NT.
It also led company engineers to the market's most energy efficient high-pressure pump in its class, the Danfoss APP 7.2, and the thoroughly simple design of the Danfoss iSave 21 ERD, which combines a 90% efficient isobaric pressure exchanger with a booster pump and electric motor.
OSMOSUN runs 100% on photovoltaic power – without any battery backup whatsoever.
With electricity accounting for about half of a typical plant's total life cycle costs – and practically all of its CO2 footprint, the OSMOSUN plant was a perfect candidate for Abu Dhabi's pioneering Masdar Initiative, whose objectives include research and development of energy-efficient, cost competitive desalination technologies based on renewable energy.
OSMOSUN will soon commence an 18-month pilot project in the UAE with a test plant that produces 30m³/day.
According to Mascara NT's CEO, Marc Vergnet, the decision to make Danfoss pumps and ERDs the beating heart of the off-grid OSMOSUN was simple.
"The APP pumps and iSave ERDs were the obvious solutions for our pilot system," he explains. "Not only do they comprise the most energy efficient pump/ERD combination on the market, they also rely on proven technology with an outstanding track record of reliability. We look forward to analyzing the pilot results closely, and to moving the OSMOSUN solution into larger capacity plants for a thirsty world."
About Mascara NT: Mascara NT is a French company created in 2014 to develop highly efficient RO plants with low life cycle costs by Marc Vergnet, who has a long and successful background in renewable energy.
About the Masdar Initiative: Masdar is on a mission to advance the clean energy industry in Abu Dhabi and around the world, and is a catalyst for the economic diversification of the emirate.


Falcons with Passport – Things You See Only in the UAE
Falcons are a significant part of the traditional culture of the UAE. With exact history not known as to when the Bedouins first started using them, Falcons have played a crucial role in the history of the United Arab Emirates. They have helped Bedouins hunt animals in the extreme hot desert environment. The one thing that set the Falcons apart from other predatory animals, is that they can be trained to deliver the hunt alive. This helped the Bedouins to ensure that the meat is halal.
Who are Bedouins?
Bedouins (or Bedawi in Arabic) are the oldest inhabitants of the deserts of Arabia. They are a nomadic group of desert-dwellers or local tribes who were always on the move. Bedouins used to travel thousands of kilometers in the deserts using just the sun and stars for navigation.
They were expert trackers, and it is believed that they could distinguish the footsteps of humans and animals in the sand, and also could say if the human being was a man or when and also could tell the approximate age of the person.
Bedouins were the first to use falcons for hunting and other pet purposes. But, today, Falcons are a symbol of one's status, and sometimes they sell for as high as $1 million each, making falcon trade attractive to smugglers. This is why the UAE Government has issues Passports for falcons too.
Falcon Passport in the UAE
Falcon Passport
The Ministry of Environment and Water can issue a falcon passport. This is usually valid for three years and costs around 130 USD. The falcon with a Passport gets an ID number which is tied to one of the legs of the falcon.
Falcons when traveling abroad go through the exact border control procedures as other travelers. The officials verify the ID number on passport and ensure the animal has got the same ID on his leg. Falcons get their Passport stamped when transferred abroad.
Falcon in Flight
Amusing Fact about Falcons:
They are the only animals in the UAE that are legally allowed to travel inside planes. However, Falcons can only travel in business and first class. So, next time if you see a falcon seated beside you, do not be surprised.
Lufthansa Airlines has a custom-designed "falcon tray" for the animals on-board.
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Icebergs in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
November 18, 2007
Summer is drawing to a close in Antarctica, and sea ice that was never released into the Ross Sea because of being blocked by the B-15A iceberg will have to wait until next summer for a chance at escape. This true-color Terra MODIS image from March 12, 2005 shows McMurdo Sound clogged by broken white sea ice, with smaller pieces of sea ice starting to fill the gaps between B-15A and C-16, the oblong iceberg to the left of the round B-15J iceberg. Thin white clouds over the scene cast blue shadows on the iceberg, snow, and sea ice, while the deep black waters of the Ross Sea provide contrast. For comparison of the sea ice extent, see this image from February 25, 2005.
Topics: Environment, Icebergs, Iceberg, Glaciology, McMurdo Sound, Sea ice, Ice, Physical oceanography, Ross Sea, Antarctica, Hospitality Recreation


Sunday, November 5, 2017
Snowstorm Next Weekend?
The NWS discussion alerts to the possibility of snow potential next week. Rather than put words in their mouth, we'll let their words speak for themselves:
Model consistency is still rather poor for next weekend's storm potential. However, the pattern remains favorable for a trough translating across the northern Rockies, spawning an elongated
area of low pressure over the Plains as strong surface ridging remains on the east coast. Meridional flow in advance of the shallow trough would bring increasing moisture and lift, generating widespread precipitation along the leading edge of the trough. This would be more of an inverted trough snow with a nebulous low pressure center and moderate accumulations, unless the surface cyclone deepens and becomes negatively tilted. If that occurs, a focused area of heavier snow would form on the northern side of the cyclone with significant accumulations. It's a sensitive pattern with a lot of subtle features coming together which is not as easily predicted as a classic long wave deep trough spawning a single significant cyclone over the southern Plains. Thus, model inconsistency will likely continue for the next day or two with the storm disappearing and reappearing in various models/model runs.


Interview with Zoltan Somogyi, Executive Director for Programme and Coordination, UNWTO
22 September 2016
22 Sep 2016 -
Thank you for coming to Belgrade and also for agreeing to speak with us today.
Where does political unrest and its impact on global tourism sit among UNWTO priorities?
The impact of crises of all natures is a key priority of the UNWTO, be they political, environmental or health issue. The Organisation facilitates capacity building initiatives to help public and private sector organisations prepare, respond and recover from all crises. However we are also fortunate that tourism is a highly resilient industry and recovers from all types of crises in a fast manner. In fact the tourism industry has only declined three times in the past two decades: September 11, 2001; SARS 2003 and the Global Financial Crisis 2009. The impacts of these crises are generally short in nature and the recovery is quick for most destinations.
How can the media contribute to rebuilding destination image following incidents of terrorism or social/political instability?
The media is an indispensable partner in sharing information. They can do this is a responsive, accurate and transparent manner and this can aid in the rebuilding of destinations. The media can sell perceptions to the general and traveling public and cooperate with the destination in creating a positive image. Destinations also have a responsibility to respond quickly to media and give accurate and positive travel advice.
How can media work with organisations such as the UNWTO and WYSE to rebuild destination image?
Media and these organisations are in partnership to create positive messages about tourism. Tourism is not only about the pretty pictures but also about how many jobs that its creating. UNWTO wants to position tourism as a key contributor to economic growth and job creation. Since 2011 UNWTO has organised the "Tourism and the media conferences". This initiative aims to enhance UNWTO relations with world media and capitalise on the engagement and capacities of the media community.
What is special about the youth travel segment and in your opinion how does it make a unique contribution to global tourism?
Youth tourism is a particularly interesting segment of our industry because it has been progressively growing in recent years and its having a positive impact of other areas – such as sport and adventure tourism. Its contribution has to be taken into account by destinations when developing alternatives and when diversifying a market or product model. Young people are also advocates of a more sustainable sector of tourism and lead that debate. This year the UNWTO and WYSE Travel Confederation published a new edition of the Global Report on The Power of Youth Tourism, providing new information on the economic impact of Youth Travel and with case studies.


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Dhammayazika is located in Pwasaw region. in the southern part of Bagan. This temple was built by King Narapati Sithu. The name of the pagoda. Dhammayazika or Dhammarajika in Pali means "Pertaining the King of Law. The structure of Dhammayazika Pagoda has pentagonal terraces instead of the usual Bagan pagodas. the square base.
There are three receding terraces. ornamented with glazed Jataka plaques. On each side of the pagoda. there is a small temple housing an image of Buddha.
The usual practice in most temples was to have four images facing the cardinal points. representing the four Buddhas of the present world cycle who have already attained Enlightenment.
But in this pagoda the fifth temple is placed with the future becoming Buddha. All the five names of the Buddha are Kakusandha. Konagamana. Kassapa. Gotama and Metteyya. The inscription records say tht in 1197 King Narapatisithu received four holy relics from the King of Sri Lanka and that he built the pagoda in 1198 to enshrine the relics.


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Definition of Retinitides
1. retinitis [n] - See also: retinitis
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Retinitides Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Retinitides
Literary usage of Retinitides
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences by Southern Society for Clinical Investigation (U.S.) (1870)
"The retinitides are, therefore, classed as idiopathic inflammations, those forms occurring in consequence of diseases of the kidneys, syphilitic retinitis,..."
2. Annals of Ophthalmology (1917)
"retinitides and diseases of the choroid respond only occasionally to this treatment. The consensus of opinion is that..."
3. Relations of Diseases of the Eye to General Diseases: Forming a by Max Knies (1895)
"... roidal diseases—perhaps preferably chorio-retinitides and retinal affections with decided implication of the external layers of the retina and intact..."


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Subject: [OASIS Issue Tracker] Commented: (OFFICE-3436) ODF 1.2 CD05 Part 26.13.3 CELL Assumptions Too Host-Dependent
 [ _URL_ ]
Dennis Hamilton commented on OFFICE-3436:
We look at this and will find a way to make a standard definition for access to non-standard characteristics. We agreed that practically everything but COL and ROW (which might not be available depending on what is being reference or what is being evaluated) is host-dependent and we need a gracious way to account for that as well as the historically-defined cases.
> ODF 1.2 CD05 Part 2 6.13.3 CELL Assumptions Too Host-Dependent
> Key: OFFICE-3436
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: OpenFormula, Part 2 (Formulas)
> Affects Versions: ODF 1.2 CD 05
> Reporter: Dennis Hamilton
> Assignee: Dennis Hamilton
> Fix For: ODF 1.2 CD 06
> The CELL function is currently defined with far too man host-dependent characteristics.
> 1. CELL("SHEET") It assumes that sheets are numbered, without further explanation. (This applies for a great variety of the functions in secction 6.13.)
> 2. The determination of CELL("ADDRESS") is underspecified with regard to sheet and if the current cell is being referenced externally.
> 3. The determination of CELL("FILENAME") is unclear, especially in the context of packages. This result is apparently always a host-dependent behavior, but it is not clear what is the desired interoperable case were the CELL("FILENAME") used as an IRI Reference, and in what context. What guidance is there for what value should be provided here and what an user could rely on it for. Is an IRI always returned, rather than an IRI Reference, for example.
> 4. Does the result of CELL("CONTENT") provide a value of the type of the cell, or does it always provide text that can be interpreted as the appropriate type?
> 5. Is CELL("FORMAT") intended to be comprehensive? Does "-" mean that the color is in lieu of a minus sign in the formatted value? For the (), see
> 6. Is CELL("TYPE") meant to be comprehensive? What about date-type values, currency-type values, and other distinct cell value types that may happen to be supported (Logical, Complex,... )?
> 7. Is CELL("PARENTHESES") related to the use of parentheses to signify NEGATIVE values in accounting information? Why does it say POSITIVE here and under CELL("FORMAT")?
> The note at the bottom does not comprehend all forms of references. There are cuboids and cells whose values are arrays/matrices, yes?
This message is automatically generated by JIRA.


Commissioned by Carnegie Hall as part of its 125 Commission Project, Make A Joyful Noize is a multimedia universe that blends music, film, interviews, spoken word and dance to capture the visceral, contagious and unapologetic energy of black joy.
MAJN Logo_green.png
Behind every movement is a soundtrack that mobilizes change and inspires the leaders for generations to come. Soundtrack '63 is a live, multimedia musical performance exploring the African-American experience in the United States. The production uses immersive video scored by an orchestral ensemble and soul stirring vocalist to tell a story of tragedy, triumph and transcendence.
*Originally commissioned by 651 ARTS in 2012.
Image from iOS.gif
Soul Science Lab's 10 Trane explores the life and evolution of John Coltrane's journey to self-discovery that shook up the world and continues to inspire generations. As a millennial tribute to the icon, the concert covers Coltrane jazz classics, original music and popular hip-hop Coltrane-influenced tracks that tell the story of the musician's transformation.


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Growth phenotype of wild type, and ΔcitC and Δnog1.
a Growth curves of wild type, and ΔcitC and Δnog1 strains grown separately in Schott bottles under shaking at 37 °C. The average OD values and the standard deviations from three replicates are given. b Percentage of strains after growth in competitive growth assays. Gray columns indicate plain LB medium, green columns LB supplemented with MgCl2. The experiments were repeated at least three times and standard deviations are shown. First column, growth of Δnog1 against wild type in LB; second column, Δnog1 against wild type in LB with MgCl2; third column, growth of ΔcitC against wild type in LB; fourth column, growth of Δnog1 against ΔcitC in LB; fifth column, growth of Δnog1 against ΔcitC in LB with MgCl2; sixth column, growth of Δnog1 + pBAD competing against wild type + pBAD in LB with MgCl2; seventh column, Δnog1 + pBAD::nog1 was grown together with wild type + pBAD in LB with MgCl2. The last two experiments were performed in the presence of ampicillin and arabinose


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This one you already know how to do if you've been following along. Because it is a must-have in a school environment, I'm going to step it out for you.
- Have your child or students open a photo of themselves in Photoshop
- Use the cropping tools learned here to crop themselves out of the background
- Go to select-inverse to select the individual rather than the background
- Edit-copy (this will copy the student's cropped picture)
- Open a picture of the background they've chosen
- Edit-paste the picture they cropped into the background
Imagine, putting your students in the historic events you study together, in the landforms they learn about in science, or the natural math that appears in nature. Now, with this Photoshop lesson, that's all possible.
PS–If you don't have Photoshop, try the free download called GIMP.


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The two faces of Tornado. The engine is shown here is from the J-Series Wagoneer or truck configuration with the standard paper air filter and a generator fitted.
Story by Jim Allen
Jeep's overhead-cam six, famously called the Tornado, was one of the first mass-produced overhead-cam engines built in the United States after World War II. As whiz-bang as that sounds, the engine actually has very humble roots.
Willys Motor engineer A.C. Sampietro worked out a simple plan: In 1960 he took the existing lower-end architecture from the Kaiser Supersonic/Continental Red Seal 226-cubic-inch L-head (or flathead) six and began designing a new overhead-cam engine around it.
The 226 engine had been incorporated into the Jeep lineup as the Super Hurricane in 1954, and it had an enviable reliability record. It made 105 horsepower, and when it was introduced it was a welcome addition to the horsepower-starved Jeep engine lineup. Like all flatheads, it had breathing and cooling difficulties, but the Continental-sourced engine became almost legendary for durability in Jeeps and the many other applications in which it served until 1973.
Sampietro's engine came to life in February 1961, when the prototypes were tested. By May, the engine had passed its 100-hour full-power certification tests, and the first production engines came off the line in April 1962. The 230-cubic-inch engine was dubbed Tornado, and in a strange twist of fate, the first Jeeps to have them were not the new Gladiator J-Series pickups or Wagoneer SUVs but the old Willys wagons and pickups they were designed to replace.
Although the basic architecture of the Tornado came from the 226, the blocks were considerably different, not the least of which was the lack of cast-in ports and valves used on a flathead engine and the lack of a camshaft. It was also given full-flow oil filtration, which the L226 did not have. The Tornado had the same stroke as the Super Hurricane and only a slightly larger bore. The crankshaft was more or less the same one used in the 226, but it was strengthened by Tufftriding. This was one of the first times the hardening process was used by an OEM engine builder.
Here is the power and torque graph for the engine as designed. Note the torque line. Jeep rated the engine at 210 pounds-feet at 1,750 rpm. This curve shows it achieving 210 pounds-feet before 1,000 rpm and holding above that to about 3,700. Now that's a torque curve!
The overhead-cam system was unique because one cam lobe opened the intake and exhaust valves on each cylinder. This made for a unique camshaft profile, but it allowed the intake and exhaust valves to be precisely aligned in the spherical (don't call it a Hemi) combustion chamber for optimal breathing in the crossflow head. The valves were large for the displacement -- 1.88-inch intakes and 1.62-inch exhausts. A good number of parts on the engine were aluminum, including the front cover, water pump, valve cover and intake manifold. The engine weighed 575 pounds, some 40 pounds lighter than the 226 flathead.
Despite the Tornado's undersquare configuration -- a 3.34-inch bore and 4.48-inch stroke - it was a bit of a revver at heart. In fact, the engine's 140 hp at 4,000 rpm and 210 pounds-feet of torque at 1,750 rpm was underrated. When Sampietro wrote about the Tornado in November 1962, dyno testing of the two-barrel engine was yielding 155 hp and 230 pounds-feet of torque (gross) as well as BSFC (brake specific fuel consumption) below 0.45 pounds/hp/hour from 1,200 rpm all the way to 4,000 rpm. Sampietro also designed a 153-cubic-inch four-cylinder version of the Tornado that was built overseas.
On the ugly side were the problems with oil consumption and leaking issues seen mostly in the engine's early days. They were relatively easy to fix, both under warranty and in production. Because of the oil consumption and owners not checking the oil until it was too late, a relatively high number of engine failures were reported. Word spread, and even though the issues were largely solved by the next model year, the bad rap followed, and it has stuck to this day. The engine's relative complexity compared with the standard American engine of the day was also an issue for the less well-trained mechanics.
The Tornado didn't die when it was dropped from the lineup in 1965. Its design and tooling was transferred to Industries Kaiser Argentina (or IKA), which also had ties with AMC and Renault. The engine was used in the Torino, a Rambler American clone. With only a few upgrades, the engine was sold at a standard 155-hp level, and an Interceptor version with three side-draft DCOE Weber two-barrels made 176 hp. An economy 181-cubic-inch version (3.34-inch bore and 3.44-inch stroke) was built as well. In 1973, the lower end was upgraded to seven-main configuration, and by the time the engine was discontinued in 1982, there were 215-hp versions floating around. It was used extensively in racing, and it even garnered a few international victories.
The Tornado also appeared in uniform. The low-compression one-barrel version was fitted to the 1967-69 Gladiatorbased M-715 military tactical truck. It was mostly the same, except for the waterproofed components and the 24-volt shielded electricals. Another difference was the elimination of the front engine mounting plate, one of the major sources for oil leaks on the civilian engine. The block had bosses, and the motor mounts were situated there to suit the locations used for the civilian 232ci AMC six.
The lower end of the Tornado was unremarkable. Four-main configuration, long stroke, undersquare. The upper end was remarkable for the day, with a crossflow head and overhead cam. The high-compression (8.5:1) engines had a domed piston while the low-compression engines used flat-tops. The spherical combustion chamber allowed for good airflow. If this head were fitted to an oversquare seven-main engine, it would have been a real barn burner. In its long-stroke undersquare configuration, it had good torque with a hint of "peakyness."
The 226ci L-head, whose basic lower end dimensions became the core DNA for the Tornado. It could be argued that a better engine could have been chosen for this adaptation. Engineer A.C. Sampietro's primary mandate was to develop the engine on a tight budget. This engine was originally designed by Continental Motors, a subsidiary of Kaiser Industries.


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minimize the hypoxia that occurs in an apneic patient following submersion in water?
A: Immediate tracheal intubation
B: Frequent oropharyngeal suctioning
C: Rescue breathing while in the water
D: Prophylactic abdominal thrusts
Personnel with specialized training and experience in water rescue should retrieve a patient from the water whenever possible. As soon you as you reach the victim and determine that he or she is not breathing, immediate rescue breathing (mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mask) is the best (and quickest) way to minimize tissue hypoxia. Once the patient is removed from the water, continue ventilations with a bag-mask device and consider tracheal intubation. A significant number of drowning victims regurgitate; suction the oropharynx as needed and consider inserting a gastric tube to decompress the stomach. Do NOT perform abdominal thrusts; this may displace water from the stomach into the lungs, increasing the risk of pneumonitis and subsequent lung infection. Abdominal thrusts are only indicated for patients with a solid foreign body airway obstruction.