text:
It is revealed by new research that various flowers in Australia evolved their bright colors to attract the native bees and other the flying insects that is crucial to flower pollination around the world.
A vision researcher from RMIT University in Melbourne, Adrian Dyer, who is a lead author says that before the continent of Australia broke away about 34 million years ago from the other continents, it is suggested by the fossil evidence that the flowering plants were simple, plain structures without pigment.
It is noticed by researchers that the process of parallel evolution and the direct link between flowers and bee vision in the Northern Hemisphere, the same process occurred independently on two different continents many years ago.
In process of parallel evolution the bees that shaped the evolution of Australian flowers were the native bees, are not the species such as honeybees and are stingless that would have been present in the Northern Hemisphere.
In bees they have the ability to detect colors which is proof that flowers evolved to suit their main pollinator.
The researcher Dyer said that to protect our bees is very important particularly given the recent decline in numbers in Europe and the US, because the bees are also crucial for the process of pollination of flowering plants.


Submit a Poem
Get Your Premium Membership
Pride - Definition
The definition of: Pride is below.
There are 1 syllables in the word Pride.
What rhymes with Pride?
See poems containing the word: Pride
Definition of: Pride
Link to this Pride definition/page:
Standard Definition
[n] unreasonable and inordinate self-esteem (personified as one of the deadly sins)
[n] the trait of being spurred on by a dislike of falling below your standards
[n] a feeling of self-respect and personal worth
[n] satisfaction with your (or another's) achievements; "he takes pride in his son's success"
[n] a group of lions
[v] pride or congratulate (oneself) for an achievement
[v] be proud of; "He prides himself on making it into law school"
[v] be proud of; "She prides herself on her son"
congratulate - (4 syllables), congratulate - (4 syllables), plume - (1 syllables), preen - (1 syllables), pridefulness - (3 syllables), superbia - (4 syllables)
Misc. Definitions
\Pride\, n. [Cf. AS. lamprede, LL. lampreda, E. lamprey.] (Zo["o]l.) A small European lamprey ({Petromyzon branchialis}); -- called also {prid}, and {sandpiper}.
\Pride\, n. [AS. pr[=y]te; akin to Icel. pr[=y][eth]i honor, ornament, pr??a to adorn, Dan. pryde, Sw. pryda; cf. W. prydus comely. See {Proud}.]
1. The quality or state of being proud; inordinate self-esteem; an unreasonable conceit of one's own superiority in talents, beauty, wealth, rank, etc., which manifests itself in lofty airs, distance, reserve, and often in contempt of others. Those that walk in pride he is able to abase. --Dan. iv. 3
7. Pride that dines on vanity sups on contempt. --Franklin.
2. A sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one; lofty self-respect; noble self-esteem; elevation of character; dignified bearing; proud delight; -- in a good sense. Thus to relieve the wretched was his pride. --Goldsmith. A people which takes no pride in the noble achievements of remote ancestors will never achieve anything worthy to be remembered with pride by remote descendants. --Macaulay.
3. Proud or disdainful behavior or treatment; insolence or arrogance of demeanor; haughty bearing and conduct; insolent exultation; disdain. Let not the foot of pride come against me. --Ps. xxxvi. 1
1. That hardly we escaped the pride of France. --Shak.
4. That of which one is proud; that which excites boasting or self-gratulation; the occasion or ground of self-esteem, or of arrogant and presumptuous confidence, as beauty, ornament, noble character, children, etc. Lofty trees yclad with summer's pride. --Spenser. I will cut off the pride of the Philistines. --Zech. ix.
6. A bold peasantry, their country's pride. --Goldsmith.
5. Show; ostentation; glory. Pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war. --Shak.
6. Highest pitch; elevation reached; loftiness; prime; glory; as, to be in the pride of one's life. A falcon, towering in her pride of place. --Shak.
7. Consciousness of power; fullness of animal spirits; mettle; wantonness; hence, lust; sexual desire; esp., an excitement of sexual appetite in a female beast. [Obs.] {Pride of India}, or {Pride of China}. (Bot.) See {Margosa}. {Pride of the desert} (Zo["o]l.), the camel. Syn: Self-exaltation; conceit; hauteur; haughtiness; lordliness; loftiness. Usage: {Pride}, {Vanity}. Pride is a high or an excessive esteem of one's self for some real or imagined superiority, as rank, wealth, talents, character, etc. Vanity is the love of being admired, praised, exalted, etc., by others. Vanity is an ostentation of pride; but one may have great pride without displaying it. Vanity, which is etymologically ''emptiness,'' is applied especially to the exhibition of pride in superficialities, as beauty, dress, wealth, etc.
\Pride\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Prided}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Priding}.] To indulge in pride, or self-esteem; to rate highly; to plume; -- used reflexively. --Bp. Hall. Pluming and priding himself in all his services. --South.
\Pride\, v. i. To be proud; to glory. [R.]


Calculating the chance of spoofing an agile source port randomised resolver
Posted by bert hubert Mon, 04 Aug 2008 22:15:00 GMT
This post sets out to calculate how hard it is to spoof a resolver that takes simple, unilateral, steps to prevent such spoofing.
Unilateral in this case means that any resolver can implement these steps, without changing the DNS protocol or authoritative server behaviour. Everybody that implements the ideas below immediately improves the general security of the DNS.
To save you all the reading, the simple unilateral measures can bring down the chance to be spoofed to under 1% after a year of non-stop 50 megabit/s packet blasting.
Note however that my math or my ideas may be wrong. Please read carefully!
Work so far
Recapping, calculations so far show that a fully source port randomized nameserver can be spoofed with a 64% chance of success within 24 hours, requiring around 0.4TB of packets to be generated. If 2 hours are available, the chance of success is 8.1%.
This assumes that the attacker is able to generate around 50 megabits/s, and also important, that the resolver is able to process 50k incoming responses/s.
Details are on with the caveat that where it says "1.5 - 2 GB", it should say "36GB".
Since that posting, quite a number of people have studied the calculations, and they appear to hold up.
Note that the present post does not address the dangers created by those able to actively intercept and modify traffic - people with such abilities have little need to spoof DNS anyhow.
The current situation is not acceptable - the resources needed to perform a successful spoofing attack are available, if not generally, then to an relevant subset of Internet users.
It turns out that it takes a lot of effort to get the world to apply even a minor patch that has received tremendous front-page coverage on all the security websites - the source port randomisation patches in this case.
So if we want to move quickly, we need a solution that can be rolled out without having to upgrade large parts of the Internet.
Agile countermeasures
There are a number of strategies a resolver could employ to make itself effectively unspoofeable, some of these include:
A) Sending out questions over TCP/IP
B) Repeating questions a number of times, and requiring the answers to be equivalent
The problems with these two techniques is that they imply a certain overhead and increase the general CPU utilization on the Internet.
Furthermore there are strategies that make spoofing harder, but not impracticable:
C) Case games ('dns-0x20')
D) Use multiple source addresses
A very comprehensive enumeration of techniques can be found on
Sadly, it appears that on this impressive list there is nothing without more or less unacceptable overhead that really gets us out of the woods, where this is arbitrarily defined as reducing the spoofing success rate to below 1% after a year of non-stop trying at 50 megabit/s.
Detecting a spoofing attempt in progress
Since any spoofed response has a chance of around 2^-32 of being accepted, it stands to reason around 2^31 bogus responses will arrive at the resolver before the attacker manages to achieve his goals.
Since we know we have effective countermeasures available, like A and B mentioned above, we could deploy these in case a spoofing attempt is detected. Remember that A and B are generally available, but that we don't want to resort to them all the time, for all domains, because of their overhead.
Occasionally, port numbers get modified in transit. Additionally, responses to queries sometimes arrive late enough that a new equivalent query has since been sent. This means we should not consider a single response mismatch to be a sign of a spoofing attempt in progress.
If we allow X mismatches before falling back on A or B, the chance of a single query being spoofed is:
 --------- ~= 2^-32 * X
 N * P * I
Assuming each individual attack lasts W seconds (being latency between the authentic authoritative server and the resolver), the combined spoofing chance after T seconds becomes:
1 - (1 - 2^-32 * X) ~= 2^-32 * X * T/W
Putting in 20 for X and 0.1s for W, this gets us a combined spoofing chance of 0.4% for a full day. Interesting, but not good enough, especially since the attacker might well send only X packets per attempt, and launch far more attempts.
However, if the attacker has a defined goal about what to spoof, each successive attempt might be for a different domain name, or differ in other respects, but all those attempts will share some characteristics.
Two things that will be identical, or at least reasonably unique are the source address of the spoofed packet (aka, the network address of the authentic authoritative server), plus the 'zone cut apex'. This last bit requires some understanding of the way a resolver works.
(I made up this phrase, 'zone cut apex', but I think there are people with better knowledge of DNS verbiage than I, I'd love to hear of a better name)
When a resolver asks NS1.EXAMPLE.COM for '', the resolver knows it is asking NS1.EXAMPLE.COM in its role as 'EXAMPLE.COM' nameserver - this is how it selected that server.
This means that an attacker might try many variations on '', what will remain identical is the 'zone cut apex', which is 'EXAMPLE.COM'. What will also remain identical is the (small) set of servers available.
I'll get into more detail after Dan Kaminksy has held his presentation. The upshot however is that multiple different attempts can be correlated, and thus be counted together in the spoofing-detection counts.
If we conservatively decide to impose a 5 minute 'fallback to A or B'-regime for a {source IP, zone cut apex}-tuple, and leave the detection limit at 20, this means an attacker will have one chance every 5 minutes of getting in an attempt.
This is equivalent to setting W equal to 300 seconds above, yielding us a combined chance of spoofing a domain after a year of trying of 0.05%.
Well within our goal.
Reality intrudes
Sadly, the reality is that we won't recognize all spoofed packets that guessed wrong, so to speak. Typical operating systems will only let a nameserver know about packets that arrived on a socket open for that purpose.
In the very worst case, the server is only listening on a single port, and by the time a single mismatch is received by the nameserver process, on average 32000 will have arrived on the network interface.
This means that in the calculation above, if we don't take additional measures, we need to set X to 32000, leading to a combined monthly spoofing chance of 6.4% (and a yearly near-certainty).
Fine tuning things
By raising the fallback period to an hour, the yearly spoofing chance becomes 6.5%, assuming we only see 1 in every 32000 spoof attempts.
If in addition a small number of sockets is kept open, say 10, to function as 'canary ports', X reduces to 3200, and the yearly spoofing chance is back at a low 0.65%.
Canary ports serve no function except to detect spoofing attempts. For efficiency reasons, these ports may simply be ports that had previously been used for source port randomisation, but kept around somewhat longer.
The number of canary ports, and the fallback period can be tuned at will to achieve desired spoofing resilience levels.
Remaining Problems
Countermeasure 'A' does not work for domains not offering TCP service. Countermeasure 'B' does not work for domains where single authoritative servers generate differing answers to repetitive questions. This might happen in case of (hardware) load balancers, or load balanced desynchronised nameservers.
Best results might be achieved by alternately trying countermeasure A and B - any server that does not support TCP and sends out inconsistent replies is in for some tough love if someone attempts to spoof the domains it hosts.
If the calculations and ideas elaborated above hold up, it appears feasible to achieve arbitrarily low spoofing chances, without doing any further protocol work.
Importantly, such changes would allow individual resolvers to protect their users without having to wait for changes to all authoritative servers.
In other words, everybody who participates receives an immediate benefit.
1 comment


Keeping OSHA 300 log can be a challenge
What happens when an injury is disclosed two months later?
Keeping the OSHA 300 Injury and Illness log for your company can be challenging, as in the following example.
A former employee tells you that he or she had just come from their personal physician about a possible work-related injury. The physician recommended physical therapy and provided a prescription muscle relaxer to your former employee.
However, the event that caused the injury actually occurred almost two months prior. At the time the injury occurred, the employee still worked for you but did not require medical attention beyond first aid, nor did the employee seek additional medical treatment.
Now what are you supposed to do? Is this recordable?
If the physician believes that the injury or illness was a result of the work environment, then it is recordable. If the injury resulted from a known, single event, use that date, even if the injury did not meet the recording criteria until a later time. If the injury or illness develops over time, such as carpal-tunnel syndrome, then the injury is recorded on the date it becomes recordable, or on the date it is diagnosed by a physician or other licensed health care professional.
If you have a "contemporaneous" medical opinion, the employer can choose the opinion which is most authoritative.
Content provided by KellerOnline, a service produced by J. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.
No comments
(copy 5)
click me


text:
Feminist and Queer Theory Faculty Research Group
Jean Dangler (Spanish and Portuguese) and Michele White (Communication) had spent many afternoons discussing their shared interests in feminist and queer theory and their belief that a reading group addressing these issues would contribute to intellectual life at Tulane. When they saw the Newcomb College Institute call for grants, they decided to realize their vision.
The Reading Feminist and Queer Theory group has enabled an interdisciplinary cohort of faculty members to discuss their shared interests in feminism, queer theory, and critical thinking. Dangler and White have been meeting with Felicia McCarren (French and Italian), Supriya Nair (English), Mimi Schippers (Sociology and Gender and Sexuality Studies) and Allison Truitt (Anthropology) since the beginning of the spring 2010 semester. The diverse backgrounds of this group have allowed participants to expand their understandings of how feminist and queer theory is used in and between disciplines.
The group is particularly interested in thinking about how feminist and queer researchers look to resistant and unconventional practices as ways of subverting normative identities, rigid cultural and corporate structures, and inequitable societies and governments. They have also been considering the persistence of traditional identities and the malleable ways these roles and beliefs persist despite internal conflicts and academic and activist critiques. Thus, they look at recent writings that advance feminist and queer resistance and consider texts that examine the limits and failures of these models. They also consider the application of these theories to previous feminist histories and nonmodern periods, recognizing the body's historical construction.
They have read texts by such key gender and sexuality thinkers as Gayle Rubin and Peter A. Jackson. The literature has enabled them to think about the "waves" metaphor that is still used in talking about the women's movement and how queer theory relates to the sometimes-insensate experiences of intersexuals.
A public talk and visit with Elizabeth Freeman allowed the group to discuss her in-process work and develop an expanded dialogue with a contemporary theorist. The group is looking forward to their continued conversations and bringing other feminists and queer theorists to talk at Tulane.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
BY PAT LAUNER
It was a small item in the Weekly Gleaner, San Francisco's Jewish newspaper.
June 20, 1861. "A meeting was held by us, the few Israelites residing at the above place (San Diego)… the object … to form ourselves into a congregation."
And with that public announcement, Congregation Beth Israel was born (initially an Orthodox congregation, under the name of Adath Yeshurun). Now, 150 years later, the temple is the largest congregation south of Los Angeles, and the oldest in Southern California.
But this anniversary, at this time, almost didn't happen.
In 1994, Rabbi Jonathan Stein became the congregation's senior rabbi. And his plans to celebrate the history of CBI piqued the interest of Stan Schwartz, president of the Jewish Historical Society of San Diego (from 1994 to the present). He had information from the editors of the Western States Jewish History Quarterly that the congregation didn't begin in 1876, as originally thought, but much earlier, in 1861, and he brought forth the article in the Weekly Gleaner.
"This made it the oldest congregation in Southern California," Schwartz says proudly. "Older than the Wilshire Boulevard Temple by one year!"
So the 135th birthday was celebrated in 1996, and the 150th anniversary this year, with the contemplative and historical theme "A Time to Remember, a Time to Dream."
It's been a long and winding road, which Schwartz has assiduously documented (his work is available at _URL_ for the full text, click on 'A Brief History of Beth Israel' in the first paragraph).
"The early history of Congregation Beth Israel is really the history of Jewish life in San Diego," it begins. "Some of the early pioneers who came to San Diego in the 1850s, who worshipped together first informally, then formed a congregation, were the same people who became the first leaders of the congregation we know today."
One of those early congregants was Marcus Schiller, who came to San Diego in 1856, wrote the letter to the Weekly Gleaner in 1861, and remained in a leadership role for more than 40 years.
In the early days, there was no rabbi; congregants met at private residences in Old Town, which was then the center of San Diego. But there have been many influential leaders and many rabbis since, each contributing to the rich, colorful history of CBI.
A Few Historical Highlights
Here are some tidbits from Stan Schwartz's detailed history of CBI:
-Congregation Beth Israel was established before there was a public school, library or bank in San Diego.
-The Congregation's founders were pioneers who were instrumental in creating Balboa Park and many other seminal San Diego institutions.
-The first Jewish wedding was celebrated in 1853, with Louis Rose, another prominent founder and leader, acting as lay rabbi.
-By 1870, the San Diego Union was in circulation and began reporting on the observance of the High Holy Days by San Diego's Jewish community. As that community continued to grow, Schiller and his colleagues (Charles Wolfsheimer, Simon Levi and Abraham Blochman) called a meeting to begin the process of reorganizing into a Reform congregation and building a synagogue. The 10 original members from 1861 had expanded to 40 by 1886-7, when Marcus Schiller became the first president of Congregation Beth Israel and a religious school was started.
-The first permanent rabbi, Samuel Freuder, was named in 1888, but he only remained for a year.
-Construction of the synagogue at Second Avenue and Beech Street was begun in 1889, and by Rosh Hashanah of that year, the first service was conducted at the Beech Street Temple. One of the earliest synagogues built in California, and one of the two oldest existing synagogue structures in California, it now stands as a historic monument in Heritage Park in Old Town.
-Rabbis came and went (this was to become a recurrent theme for CBI), but customs and ceremonies continued, thanks to the longevity and continuity of the founders. Membership numbers waxed and waned, depending on the economy.
-The first confirmation took place in 1899.
-During the economic downturn of _PHONE_, the Congregation rented the Beech Street Temple to several Christian congregations.
-In 1909, membership dues were $1-2 a month.
-Rabbi Emil Ellinger performed a mixed marriage between a Jewish congregant and a Catholic in 1911. This outraged some members, and the rabbi's contract was terminated.
-The Beth Israel Sisterhood was formed in 1912, and a year later, they organized the first Congregational Seder. The Temple Brotherhood began a decade after but was terminated during the war and restarted in 1946.
-The congregation had outgrown the Beech Street Temple by 1923, and a property at the northwest corner of Third Avenue and Laurel Street was purchased for $11,000. The property at Second Avenue and Beech Street was sold for $20,000. The new temple, designed in the Moorish style with a domed sanctuary and adjoining Temple Center, was dedicated in 1926.
-The Depression years were tough on everyone, but CBI pressed onward, buoyed by a brief visit from Albert Einstein in 1931.
-In the 1940s, a perilous time for Jews worldwide, the temple enlarged its interfaith program by inviting children and youth groups from churches to be addressed by the rabbi. The Institute of Jewish Studies, with sponsorship from all three local synagogues, offered adult classes. Religious school enrollment and staff grew considerably.
-Membership reached 600 families by the late 1950s, and many new groups and clubs were formed. The temple gained community recognition with the broadcast of Friday night services by Station KCBQ, which included the sermons of Rabbi Morton J. Cohn.
-In 1960, 68 members, seeking a smaller, more intimate congregation, left to form Temple Solel, eventually purchasing land in Old Town on the site where old Temple Beth Israel sits today. Growth still continued at CBI, with the expansion of internal committees and outreach activities.
-CBI's High Holy Days services were conducted at the Civic Theatre for the first time in 1965.
-In 1967, Beth Israel and Temple Solel merged.
-The congregation repurchased its first building on Second Avenue and Beech Street in 1978 and donated it to San Diego County.
-Lenore Bohm, the first female rabbi in San Diego, was hired as assistant rabbi in 1982.
-The acclaimed Children's Theater program, SHOW BIS (Beth Israel Students) began in 1987.
-In 1989, the original, fully restored Temple Beth Israel (from Second Avenue and Beech Street) was rededicated in Old Town's Heritage Park, in honor of its 100th anniversary.
-Also in 1989, CBI's High Holy Days services were televised, and two years later, so was the Passover Seder.
-In 1993, the congregation purchased a 3.5-acre site for the new temple in the Golden Triangle area of La Jolla. In 2000, ground was broken on the new complex, which comprises three buildings totaling 65,000 square feet.
-In 1997, CBI adopted a gender-sensitive prayer book for Shabbat, and two years later, for the High Holy Days.
-Because of its historic and cultural significance, in 2000, the Third Avenue and Laurel Street property became eligible for the National Register of Historic Places and the California State Register of Historic Resources.
-In 2001, the final worship service was conducted at the Third Avenue and Laurel Street property, which was sold for $4,000,000 and now houses a Conservative congregation, Ohr Shalom.
-The new sanctuary was dedicated in 2001. With the completion of this facility, CBI became one of the only congregations in the American West to have three synagogues still in use.
-In 2006, the board of directors decided to close the day school, which had opened in 1981. An independent day school, Kadima, became a tenant of CBI, but only operated for one year, ending in 2007.
That, more or less, brings us up to the present, thanks to the diligent work of Stan Schwartz, who's been a CBI member since 1995. "But after I did the history," he says, "sometimes I say I've been a member since 1861!"
Now he's the archivist for the Congregation and along with his wife, Laurel, helped mount the exhibition, "Beth Israel in Three Centuries," which has been in the temple lobby since 2005. He will also participate in a panel discussion about CBI's early history as part of the Three-Temple Tour (Oct. 23; see "A Sampling of 150th Anniversary Activities").
Schwartz, who runs a Jewish antiquarian book business, Schwartz Judaica, isn't the only one with a long memory and long-time membership. Fred Weitzen and Dr. Bob Epsten have been members of CBI for 60 years. Each served as temple president.
Weitzen, age 82, a former court reporter like his father, grew up at CBI; his parents became members in

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Phone: 0425 781 893 | Email:
| Providing Music Tuition in Schools Since 1999
Vibrant Vocal Program
What's It All About?
The Vibrant Vocal Program provides an opportunity for students to learn how to use their singing voice whilst developing the correct technique. They learn to read and sing music with a backing CD and are introduced to a wide variety of musical styles and genres. As students develop their skills and learn to sing solo and harmony with their peers.
How Much Does It Cost?
Group lessons of 2-6 children for 2021 costs $20 each per half hour lesson and individual lessons at $32 per half hour lesson (includes GST). Fees are paid in advance. Booked lessons are non-refundable unless notified prior to the beginning of term. If a tutor is unavailable or ill then a credit will be provided for the cancelled session.
When Are Lessons Conducted?
Lessons are conducted during class time.
Happy Singing!
Joe Davis
Crystal Valley Music
Phone: 0425 781 893 | Email:


text:
Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a condition of the hand in which the blood flow to the fingers is reduced. Hypothenar refers to the group of muscles that control the movement of the little finger. Some of these muscles make up the fleshy edge of the palm (hypothenar eminence).
It occurs when workers repeatedly use the palm of the hand (especially the hypothenar eminence) as a hammer to grind, push, and twist hard objects in either work or recreational activities. These activities can damage certain blood vessels of the hand, especially the ulnar artery. This artery goes through the fleshy area of the palm and supplies blood to the fingers. When the ulnar artery is damaged there is a reduction in the flow of blood to the fingers. Sometimes a single significant episode can cause the syndrome.
Workers at risk
Hypothenar hammer syndrome typically occurs in men with an average age of 40 years. Workers at risk include landscapers, bricklayers, auto mechanics, metal workers, lathe operators, miners, and machinists. Workers who use vibrating tools are also at risk.
This syndrome can also be caused from sports activities such as karate, basketball, baseball, mountain biking, golf, tennis, hockey, handball, volleyball, badminton, breakdancing, drumming, and weight lifting.
The symptoms of hypothenar hammer syndrome are a pain at the hypothenar eminence and ring finger, pins and needles (paresthesia), loss of feeling, and difficulty holding heavy objects in the affected hand. The fingers become sensitive to cold and change colour.
Because this syndrome is relatively uncommon and unrecognized, the diagnosis is often missed or delayed. The diagnosis is based on symptoms, medical history and job history, and then confirmed with tests showing the obstruction of the blood vessels.
Treatment and prevention
Treating hypothenar hammer syndrome begins by avoiding those activities that caused the syndrome in the first place. Other treatments may include smoking cessation (smoking negatively affects blood circulation), the use of padded protective gloves, and avoiding the cold. Certain drugs will help to restore the blood flow. For some cases surgery may be necessary.
Be aware of the causes and symptoms of this syndrome. Some steps you can take to prevent hypothenar hammer syndrome are:
- Focus on improving work practices.
- Avoid using the palm of the hand as a hammer to pound, push or twist hard objects.
- Don't grip tools such as impact wrenches, pliers, scissors and even vehicle gearshifts too tightly.
- Switch tasks regularly or rest your hands.
- Use padded protective gloves to avoid the excessive trauma to the heel of the hand while working or participating in activities that put pressure on the palm.
The Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) promotes the total well-being – physical, psychosocial and mental health – of workers in Canada by providing information, training, education and management systems and solutions that support health and safety programs and the prevention of injury and illness.


text: We present a detailed NMR study of the insulator-to-metal transition induced by an applied pressure p in the A15 phase of Cs3C60. We evidence that the insulating antiferromagnetic (AFM) and superconducting (SC) phases coexist only in a narrow p range. At fixed p, in the metallic state above the SC transition Tc, the 133Cs and 13C NMR spin-lattice relaxation data are seemingly governed by a pseudogaplike feature. We prove that this feature, also seen in the 133Cs NMR shift data, is rather a signature of the Mott transition which broadens and smears out progressively for increasing (p, T). The analysis of the variation of the quadrupole splitting νQ of the 133Cs NMR spectrum precludes any cell symmetry change at the Mott transition and only monitors a weak variation of the lattice parameter. These results open an opportunity to consider theoretically the Mott transition in a multiorbital three-dimensional system well beyond its critical point.


Louisiana Department of Health & Hospitals | Kathy Kliebert, Secretary
Statewide Initiatives
211 - Get Connected. Get Answers.
Common Questions - Nurse Aide
Change Category:
How do I report or verify work history for nurse aides?
How do I obtain a facility code for my agency?
How do I transfer (request reciprocity) my nurse aide certification from one state to another?
How do I verify nurse aide certification?
What is the nurse aide certification period and what are the requirements to retain certification?
Where can I find a listing of nurse aide registries for all states?
What is a NAT-7 form and where can I obtain one?
How do I obtain a Change in Designated Signature Form?
Where do I find a list of Train the Trainer Instructors for Nurse Aide Training Programs or Nurse Aide Training Schools?
How do I access the Louisiana Registry System (LARS)?
Is there a list of "DHH-Approved" Nurse Aide Training Schools/Programs?
Nurse Aide Certification - Is it possible to use my education and training as a nursing student, military personnel or a nurse to be certified as a nurse aide?


text:
CREDIBILITY AND SEARCH ENGINES. THE EFFECTS OF SOURCE REPUTATION, NEUTRALITY AND SOCIAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE SELECTION OF SEARCH ENGINE RESULTS
AbstractThis paper examines factors influencing the selection of search engine results. Scholars argue that to avoid getting exposed to wrong or even harmful information, credibility evaluation of online content becomes a "core component" for the recipients. We therefore analyze whether credibility attributions are also able to influence recipients' selection decisions. We compare the effects of the search results' position on the SERP to those of three credibility cues (source reputation, message neutrality, and social recommendations). The results of our study (n = 247) suggest a secondary role of credibility in selection processes. Most people rely on the given ranking: the higher the result is ranked, the more likely it is selected. An additional effect is only found for reputation, showing that high reputation results are more likely to be selected. This would mean that either search engine users might not be aware that the assessment of the quality of information should be a core concern to them and seem to trust the given ranking rather uncritically, or that they indeed assess the credibility of information sources very well, but that this assessment is guided largely by their imaginary of search engines as providing the best results on top.
How to Cite
Unkel, J., & Haas, A. (2015). CREDIBILITY AND SEARCH ENGINES. THE EFFECTS OF SOURCE REPUTATION, NEUTRALITY AND SOCIAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE SELECTION OF SEARCH ENGINE RESULTS. AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research, 5. _URL_


text:
You may have noticed that Georgian Bay has looked a little low lately.
Recent predictions from the US Army Corps of Engineers project that water levels in Lake Huron will reach an all-time low by mid-November. In response, stakeholders from around Georgian Bay have been voicing support for action that would provide controls for the lake's water level.
David Sweetnam, executive director of Georgian Bay Forever, said projections have the lakes continuing to decrease in depth until they're significantly below chart datum - the level navigational charts are based on.
"That's kind of concerning for us. The forecasts make it look like there's a potential to go down to about 21 inches below that chart datum level, which would put us well over half a metre below average. It's very scary down there," said Sweetnam.
The economic effects of a decrease in water level could be significant. Billions of dollars worth of goods are shipped across the lake and even a slight decrease can make it difficult for ships carrying freight to operate safely.
On a more local level, marinas, and private docks require the water to be a certain level to operate safely. Georgian Bay could lose its desirability as a tourism destination if boaters bottoming out becomes more common while at the same time wildlife that depends on the water level becomes more scarce.
Sweetnam said the decreasing water level has helped damaging invasive species get a foothold in the area.
"What you would normally have on the coast is a healthy wetland and the wetland has established plants in it that would prevent any invasion by these kinds of plants. When you drain the water away the wetlands effectively disappear, and you get these mudflats which are very susceptable to invasion," Sweetnam said.
Several Georgian Bay stakeholders, including Georgian Bay Forever, advocate what's known as a multi-lake regulation approach. This would mean regulating the great lakes system, from the tip of lake superior to the mouth of the St. Lawrence, as a single system instead of as a series of individual areas.
One potential solution is to build a series of strategically placed structures that would enable the regulation of water outflow. For example, a structure in the upper Niagara River would cause an increase in the water level of Lake Erie, thus creating water pressure all the way up through to Lake Huron and Michigan.
"It needs a bit of manmade help," said Sweetnam. "This option was modeled to show it can mitigate against extreme low water levels. It's a good option, and we're really pushing hard for the International Joint Commission to take it up and they're listening quite respectively. Everyone's on them about low water levels and we're seeing it everywhere."
The international Joint Commission is the bilateral commission comprised of representatives from the U.S. and Canada that creates plans and reviews problems relating to the waterways between the U.S. and Canada. Recently, the commission has been criticized for a lack of action on the low water level currently present in the system.
Groups around the Georgian Bay area have come together to petition politicians and the International Joint Commission to act on the issue. Jane Whitwell, president of the Carling Township farmers market, recently sent out a petition that advocated measures to protect the water level of Lake Huron and Michigan.
"Many of us have been here since the '40s and '50s, so we know where the water level was," said Whitwell. "The fact is the environment relies on a strong high water level, whether its the fish or the fowl or whomever - people as well."
For many of those who have owned property on Georgian Bay for multiple decades, the decreasing water level has been a slow but steady process. Boathouses and docks built midway through the last century are, in many cases, far from the water today.
"Personally, we're on a beach and our boathouse and some of the others built in the '40s and '50s, they've been drydocked for years now," said Whitwell. "We took our dock out years ago and the boathouse is maybe 30 feet out from the waterline now. It's been a gradual decline into the bay. We don't have a boat now, I mean, why? Can't get to the water."
For more information on the lowering water levels in Georgian Bay visit _URL_.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
In a longtable, how do I retrieve the width of the longest line for each column?
I'd like to use the longtable environment in combination with the ltablex package. The latter allows for weighting the columns, such that column 2 is twice as large as column 1, for instance.
I have many tables to format, and due to their data source it's not possible to give the tables any hint on column widths. As often there is a lot of text in one or two columns, but little text in the others, it doesn't make sense to just use X columns. Therefore, I'd like to dynamically adjust the proportions of the table.
My idea is to find the width of the longest line of each column. Using these width it should then be possible to calculate the proportions correctly (while granting each column a mininum width).
Thanks for your help!
share|improve this question
add comment
1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
That is essentially a description of tabulary as opposed to tabularx so you can look in the source of that package for how to do it, but in particular there is a merge of tabulary and longtable here:
Multi-page with Tabulary?
share|improve this answer
wow, didn't know about tabulary. Thanks for the link! – Kevin Sep 5 '13 at 11:49
add comment
Your Answer


text:
- 2 cups shredded cheese (Cheddar, Monterey Jack, or Oaxaca cheese work well)
- 1 cup cooked and shredded chicken, beef, or sliced ham
- 1/2 cup sliced bell peppers (optional)
- 1/2 cup sliced onions (optional)
- 1-2 jalapeno peppers, sliced (optional, for some heat)
- Salsa, guacamole, or sour cream for serving (optional)
1. Prep the Fillings:
- If you're using chicken, beef, or any other filling, make sure it's cooked and shredded. Season the filling with salt and pepper according to your taste.
- Slice the bell peppers, onions, and jalapeno peppers if using. You can sauté them briefly for extra flavor if desired.
2. Assemble the Sincronizadas:
- Lay out two flour tortillas on a clean surface.
- Sprinkle a layer of shredded cheese evenly over both tortillas.
- If you're adding any fillings or vegetables, distribute them on one of the tortillas over the cheese layer.
- Top the fillings with another layer of shredded cheese.
- Carefully place the second tortilla on top to create a sandwich-like structure.
3. Cook the Sincronizadas:
- Heat a large non-stick skillet or griddle over medium heat.
- Brush one side of the sincronizada with a little vegetable oil or melted butter to prevent sticking.
- Carefully transfer the sincronizada to the skillet with the oiled side down.
- Cook for about 2-3 minutes or until the bottom tortilla becomes golden and crispy.
4. Flip and Cook the Other Side:
- Before flipping, brush the top side of the sincronizada with a little oil or butter.
- Use a wide spatula to flip the sincronizada to the other side.
- Cook for another 2-3 minutes until the second side is also golden and the cheese is melted.
5. Repeat for the Second Sincronizada:
- Follow the same steps to make the second sincronizada with the remaining tortillas and fillings.
6. Slice and Serve:
- Remove the sincronizadas from the skillet and let them cool for a moment.
- Cut each sincronizada into quarters or wedges.
- Serve hot with salsa, guacamole, sour cream, or any other preferred dipping sauce.
Enjoy your homemade sincronizadas as a delightful snack, lunch, or dinner. They are perfect for sharing with friends and family. Customize the fillings to your liking, and feel free to get creative with different combinations of meats, vegetables, or even add some beans for extra texture and flavor. Buen provecho.
Quesadillas themselves have a long history in Mexican cuisine, dating back to the time of the Aztecs. The Aztecs made flat corn cakes filled with various ingredients, including squash, pumpkin seeds, and beans. After the Spanish conquest of Mexico in the 16th century, new ingredients such as cheese and different meats were introduced, further influencing the evolution of quesadillas.
Over time, quesadillas gained popularity throughout Mexico and underwent regional variations. In some regions, especially in the northern part of the country, quesadillas were traditionally made with flour tortillas instead of corn tortillas, and the fillings expanded to include a variety of ingredients such as ham, mushrooms, and different types of cheese.
The sincronizada is believed to have emerged as a spin-off of the quesadilla in the 20th century. It is said to have originated in Mexico City, where cooks and street food vendors started making these "synchronized" quesadillas using flour tortillas and filling them with cheese and various other ingredients. The name "sincronizada" is said to have been given to highlight the symmetrical and layered structure of the dish, as two tortillas were used to sandwich the fillings.
Today, sincronizadas can be found throughout Mexico and are also popular in Mexican restaurants worldwide. They have become a beloved street food and a popular snack or meal option. While the basic concept remains the same, sincronizadas continue to be adapted and modified with different fillings to suit individual tastes and regional preferences.
As with many traditional dishes, the exact history of sincronizadas might not be fully traceable, but their evolution and enduring popularity are a testament to their deliciousness and cultural significance in Mexican cuisine.
Well Do You Know Sincronizadas?
1. What does the term "sincronizada" mean in English?
2. Sincronizadas are a variation of which popular Mexican dish?
3. Which type of tortilla is typically used to make sincronizadas?
a) Corn tortillas
b) Flour tortillas
c) Wheat tortillas
d) Plantain tortillas
4. What is the main filling ingredient in most sincronizadas?
a) Shredded chicken
b) Beef steak
c) Melted cheese
d) Refried beans
5. Sincronizadas are often served with which of the following?
c) Sour cream
d) All of the above
6. Where is the origin of sincronizadas believed to be?
b) Mexico City
c) United States
7. True or False: Sincronizadas are typically made with only one tortilla.
8. What type of cheese is commonly used in sincronizadas?
d) Blue cheese
9. In which regions of Mexico are sincronizadas most commonly found?
a) Northern and Southern regions
b) Central and Eastern regions
c) Western and Coastal regions
d) All regions equally
10. What makes a sincronizada different from a regular quesadilla?
a) It is made with corn tortillas.
b) It is served with a side of rice.
c) It contains additional fillings.
d) It has a triangular shape.
1. a) Synchronized
2. c) Quesadillas
3. b) Flour tortillas
4. c) Melted cheese
5. d) All of the above
6. b) Mexico City
8. c) Oaxaca
9. a) Northern and Southern regions
10. c) It contains additional fillings.


text:
A Win-Win For All: Growth of Save to Win in Michigan
At a time when savings are important, how do we engage consumers in the act of saving and reinstitute a culture of thrift in America? One promising way is to ensure that the act of saving is fun. Prize-linked savings (PLS) models are structured to do exactly that - reward savings behavior to help motivate individuals to save by making it fun. PLS models have been implemented internationally and now applications of PLS are being tested in the United States – by financial institutions, businesses, entrepreneurs, and non-profits – to make saving fun and help more people save.


text:
To provide educational and developmental opportunities for individuals across ethnic groups beyond traditional schooling and athletic contexts
- Making a Difference by Diversifying Educators (MAD2E) – Teacher pipeline program for individuals across ethnic groups to develop their skill sets and pursue careers in the field of education.
- Professional Development Activities (PDAs) – These sessions involve having professionals from various industries/fields as well as campus departments (e.g., Center for Career Development) come to speak to CU about best practices for searching for careers and being consummate professionals. Networking events such as Career Fairs and Academic Major Fairs are also promoted as PDAs.
To empower individuals across ethnic groups through programs, activities, and services that foster holistic development.
- Real Talk Sessions (RTS) – Weekly support meetings where individuals across ethnic groups discuss their lived experiences and share ideas and thoughts about important social issues in society (e.g., racial achievement gap, incarceration rates of male individuals across ethnic groups, etc.).
- Brother to Brother (B2B)/Sister to Sister (S2S) Mentoring Program – Informal mentoring program that involves university upper class individuals across ethnic groups paired with university underclass individuals across ethnic groups. B2B mentors and mentees meet a minimum of once a week to facilitate positive and supportive relationships on campus.
- Information Sessions about Students' Rights and Resources – These information sessions (also incorporated with RTS) involve having guest speakers from various campus departments and organizations to share knowledge about students' rights (e.g., health benefits, financial aid opportunities, housing options, etc.) and resources (e.g., academic support services, psychological counseling services, etc.).
- Former Individuals Across Ethnic Groups Student Presentations (FSPs) – This program involves former students across ethnic groups (including athletes) coming back to campus to share their knowledge about their college experiences as well as advice for professional development.
To integrate individuals across ethnic groups into the campus culture/community aside from athletics.
- Collaborative Social Events (CSEs) – This social events are co-organized with various student organizations on campus and designed to increase awareness of CU, positive engagement with peers on campus and the local community, and generate support and awareness for important social causes (e.g., fundraisers for cancer, disadvantaged communities/neighborhoods/schools/sports teams, etc.).
- Real Talk Panels (RTPs) – These panels are organized by CU to address important social issues in society and on campus (e.g., racism, sexism, poverty, achievement gap, domestic violence, stereotypes of athletes, etc.). Panelists include CU members, professionals in the field, and relevant presenters from both on and off campus.
To create positive impact on society through outreach efforts.
- Lift as We Climb Video – The CU group creates motivational videos highlighting their personal testimonies and the value of education, persistence, and making a positive change in society. This video will be disseminated online. CU members will particularly share this video with young individuals across ethnic groups who currently live in the communities they grew up in.
- Community Outreach Projects (COPs) – Every semester CU sponsors at least one COP addressing a specific need in the local community. COPs may include activities such as tutoring at local schools, guest speaking engagements at local schools, pen pal partnerships with local schools, assisting with the local homeless shelter, volunteering at the local hospital, raising funds for a specific social cause, etc.


text:
A. Stranded or not stranded?
1. Generally, a stranded animal is any live marine animal that is out of its element, or outside of its survival envelope (Geraci and Lounsbury, 1993). Examples of stranded animals include a dolphin lying on the beach, a seal that is out of its range, or an icebound whale.
2. Healthy seals, sea lions, walruses, and otters naturally haul out onto land at times to rest, mate, pup, or molt (Geraci and Lounsbury, 1993). This behavior is not considered stranding. A healthy pup, which may appear stranded because it is thin, feeble, and crying plaintively, may have a mother nearby (Geraci and Lounsbury, 1993).
A stranded animal is a live marine animal that is out of its element due to an illness, injury, or other condition threatening its survival.
B. Masking symptoms
A wild animal with an illness or injury generally will try to mask its symptoms for as long as possible to avoid predators.
C. When animals strand
In general, a marine animal may strand if it has a severe, debilitating illness or injury, or if it is too weak to hunt for food.
D. Use of the term stranded
1.The term stranded is generally used to refer to marine mammals or sea turtles. Sea World also rescues a variety of ill and injured birds. Within this booklet, the term stranded refers to birds as well.
2. The correct use of the term beached is limited to dead animals that have washed up on shore (Geraci and Lounsbury, 1993).
E. Intervention or death
When birds, marine mammals, or sea turtles strand, death is usually imminent if there is no intervention.
Objectives of the
Rehabilitation Program |Various Reasons for
Stranding |Rescue, Diagnosis, and Treatment |Facilities and Equipment |Rehabilitated Animals |Results of the Animal Rescue and Rehabilitation Program |Federal and State Regulations
|Benefits of the Rescue and Rehabilitation Program |References and Bibliography |Books for Young Readers
Return to SeaWorld Animal Rescue and Rehabilitation Program Introduction
SeaWorld/Busch Gardens Animal Information Database
_URL_ / _URL_
©2002 SeaWorld, Inc.
An Anheuser-Busch® Adventure Park.
All Rights Reserved.


Antennas sticking out of an aircraft obviously increase profile drag, but the folks who design antennas have done a lot to improve aerodynamics: High performance aircraft can have antennas mounted inside of fiberglass components like wingtips, and flush-mounte antennas are available for transponders and DME equipment.
For slower light GA aircraft more aerodynamic antennas are also available (e.g. blade-style transponder antennas are available which produce about 80% less drag than older spike-and-ball style antennas), measured at 250 MPH.
Since the average light GA aircraft has a VNE below 250 MPH and isn't generally covered in antennas, how significant is the antenna drag on a typical light GA airframe? For example, would stripping the ~6 pounds of antenna drag from your average Cessna make an appreciable difference in airspeed?
 - $\begingroup$ if you know you have 6 pounds of antenna drag and you know the pounds of thrust of the engine then you can get a rough estimate of how much faster you go faster $\endgroup$ – ratchet freak Feb 7 '14 at 8:49
From an aerospace engineering perspective:
The drag coefficient ($C_D$) of a round antenna is can be estimated by around $.5$ depending on shape, while for an streamlined shape it's around $0.045$.
Drag is defined as:
Thus, say you have a 0.01 m wide antenna 0.25 m long, for an aircraft moving at 50 m/s. At sea level conditions, air density $\rho=1.225 \mathrm {kg/m^3}$. Say that $C_D=0.5$. If my calculations add up, it's around $1.9 \mathrm{N}$.
Say you have the same antenna, for the same aircraft aircraft moving at 50 m/s. Air density is $1.225 \mathrm{kg/m^3}$, but this time the antenna is streamlined with $C_D=0.04$. This results in a force of only $0.15 \mathrm {N}$.
(Updates: Originally the formula included $\frac12$ twice which was wrong, and that the force was given in kg, rather than newtons; my apologies.)
 - $\begingroup$ Does anybody know a link to instructions to find out how to format formulas correctly? $\endgroup$ – Thunderstrike Feb 7 '14 at 9:15
 - $\begingroup$ At the moment MathJax is not enabled on this site because of the processing overhead and the related long page loading times. See meta.aviation.stackexchange.com/q/145/19 for the Meta discussion $\endgroup$ – DeltaLima Feb 7 '14 at 10:51
 - 4
 $\begingroup$ You can do a lot to improve readability of formulae using , ρ etc. I took the liberty of adding those. $\endgroup$ – Marcks Thomas Feb 7 '14 at 12:26
 - 2
 $\begingroup$ I also took the liberty of omitting "/2" from the drag formula, as it was incorrect, but the factor appears to have been edited back in. $\endgroup$ – Marcks Thomas Feb 7 '14 at 13:09
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Manfred, what's happening in Delft? Why don't you just use Newtons as a result from your calculations. Now it is confusing because your units don't match up. To express force as mass isn't the way to do AE :-). Also thrust is not defined a power available * velocity. Delivered power is defined as thrust * velocity (TAS). Thus thrust = delivered power / velocity. Note that the rated available power from your engine is more than the delivered power because you loose some in transmission and propeller efficiency. $\endgroup$ – DeltaLima Feb 7 '14 at 18:09
Given how abysmal your average GA plane is in the aerodynamics department, the amount of drag added by antennas is almost nothing.
I have some numbers for a Cherokee 160 from an aircraft performance class -although I make no claims that they're 100% accurateand I'm seeing between 250-360 lbs of drag during level flight depending on the airspeed. Add your 6lbs of antenna drag onto that, and in order to maintain the same airspeed you need at maximum (a density altitude of 10,000 feet) 3 additional horsepower. At sea level it barely registers a change at all.
 - $\begingroup$ I think the drag numbers for the Cherokee series are pretty accurate (as is your math on the horsepower at typical GA cruise speeds). Working with about 130KIAS my math came out to between 1 and 4 percent of engine horsepower going to fighting drag (much of the variation from stuff like propeller pitch & cruise power setting) the antenna drag, or roughly 1-3 knots if you completely removed and smoothed the antennas. Obviously that's the mathematical ideal - in the real world I'd expect less substantial gains. $\endgroup$ – voretaq7 Feb 7 '14 at 17:44
 - $\begingroup$ It's worth noting though that as lousy as light GA aircraft are in the aerodynamics department some antennas are worse - like these "Flying V" beasts. I don't even want to think about the profile drag on that :-) $\endgroup$ – voretaq7 Feb 7 '14 at 17:47
 - 2
 $\begingroup$ _USER_ That thing looks like it might actually generate lift though! $\endgroup$ – Lnafziger Feb 8 '14 at 3:16
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_: according to this document, removing the antennas gained 4 knots in cruise speed (probably KTAS), so seems to be accurate. $\endgroup$ – Qantas 94 Heavy Feb 8 '14 at 4:16
Your Answer


text:
Henry Southard (October 7, 1747 – May 22, 1842) was a United States Representative from the state of New Jersey.
Southard was born in Hempstead, Long Island, New York. He moved with his parents to Basking Ridge, New Jersey in 1755, where he attended the common schools and worked on a farm. Later, Southard served as a private and later as wagon master during the American Revolution. After the war, he engaged in agriculture, before serving as a Justice of the Peace from 1787 to 1792. Later, he served as a member of the New Jersey General Assembly, from 1797 to 1799 and again in 1811. He was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the 7th United States Congress and to the four succeeding Congresses, where he served from March 4, 1801 to March 3, 1811. During the 11th Congress, Southard was Chairman of the Committee on Revisal and Unfinished Business. He was later elected to the 14th, 15th, and 16th Congresses, serving from March 4, 1815 to March 3, 1821. After leaving Congress for good, Southard returned to farming. He died in Basking Ridge in Somerset County, New Jersey, and was interred in Basking Ridge Cemetery.
Henry Southard was the father of Isaac Southard and Samuel Lewis Southard.


text:
The Map & Atlas Museum of La Jolla has added an important new volume to its collection: the 1588 "Le Voyage de Messire Francois Drake chevalier."
The book (originally published in English, French and Latin) is a journal of Sir Francis Drake's 1585 mission to America. An English privateer (some would say pirate), Drake was sent west to harass the Spanish as war broke out between the two countries.
Apparently, Drake was extremely successful, burning cities in what is now Colombia and destroying a fort in what is now St. Augustine, Florida. The journal includes several maps of his journey engraved by Baptista Boazio.
"There are six known extant copies of the 1588 'Voyage' with the (Map) Museum holding the only copy in a private collection," said the museum's founder, Mike Stone, in a statement. "Of the six copies, four are in American libraries, with only the Huntington and the Map Museum of La Jolla owning copies containing the maps."
Stone founded the Map Museum in 2011 from his own collection of maps, books and artifacts. It contains approximately 500 items dating back at least five centuries.
The museum is open 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wednesdays and Thursdays (although it will be closed Dec. 26 and Jan. 2) and the first and third Saturdays. Admission is free. Call _PHONE_ or visit


Developer's Blog
Remember me? Register
Orb Walking - the Subtle Art
_TAG_. Introduction
_TAG_. What is orb-walking?
_TAG_. How to orb-walk
_TAG_. Defining orb spells
_TAG_. Who can orb-walk?
_TAG_. Orb-walk tactics
_TAG_) Why orb-walk?
_TAG_) When to orb-walk?
_TAG_. Comparing orb-walking and animation canceling/ani-cancel
_TAG_. Types of Orbs in DotA
_TAG_. Credits
_TAG_. Changelog
_TAG_. Introduction
Orb-walking, essential for harassing lane enemies and chasing them down for the kill later on. So, how do you do it, and more importantly, how do you abuse its potential as effectively as possible?
_TAG_. What is orb-walking?
It's manually casting orb spells while moving alongside the enemy hero. These spells must have zero cooldown, otherwise it is not possible to orbwalk, since you're waiting for your orb to cooldown while you're chasing. Only orb spells can be used to orb-walk.
_TAG_. How to orb-walk, then?
Manually cast your orb spell, then start moving [or issue any other command] once you see the attack projectile in the air [a trick known as animation cancel].
You should be within attack range still once your hero moves, so just repeat the process until you should back off, or until enemy hero dies.
_TAG_. What are orb spells and how do they differ from normal spells?
Orb spells [usually] have 0 cd, and they will add a visual effect to your normal attack projectile, as well as enhance your attack. Although the spells have 0 cd, they still cost mana to cast, and are still affected by Silences.
One of the major differences between normal spells and orb spells is their effects on Silencer's Curse of the Silent and Last Word, on Magic Stick/Wand as well as on Harbinger's Essence Aura.
Normal spells:
a) cause Curse of the Silent to be debuffed from the hero
b) cause the caster to be silenced by Last Word
c) add a charge to Magic Stick/Wand
d) trigger Essence Aura at its normal percentage.
On the other hand, orb spells:
a) will not debuff Curse of the Silent from hero
b) will not cause the caster to be silenced by Last Word
c) does not add charges to Magic Stick/Wand
d) triggers Essence Aura, but at a decreased percentage.
_TAG_. Who can orb-walk?
As will be mentioned below, there are only 7 heroes with skills at those shown levels who can orb-walk. For now, their icons should suffice.
_TAG_. Orb-walk tactics
_TAG_. Why orb-walk if you have autocast?
Orb-walking counts as casting a spell. This has 2 major effects on your gameplay.
1. It does not draw aggro from either creeps or towers. In other words, it does not attract enemy creeps or towers to attack you, so long as your hero is not the only thing they see.
2. Orb-walking heroes usually have a shorter casting animation compared to their attack animation. This helps in chasing, especially for Viper and Drow, who both have potent orb-based slows.
That being said, you don't have to orb-walk all game long. Once your IAS exceeds your casting animation speed, you can do without orb-walking, and proceed straight to autocasting your orbs.
_TAG_. When to orb-walk?
Orb-walk is used for harrassing to good effect, and is often the way to get first blood in orb-walker lanes [Huskar and Viper are potential candidates for this].
Reasoning for Huskar/Viper first bloods - DoT. Burning Spears and Poison Attack deal damage over time to their intended targets, so you can [sometimes] safely back off before your enemy falls. Huskar and Viper also have DPS boosting skills [Berserker's Blood/Nethertoxin] which will be very helpful in dishing out the damage.
So, when to orb-walk? During the laning phase, and when chasing, you'll find that orb-walk shines. Laning is for the harassing, and chasing is for when you don't want that enemy to get away. Cast orb -> move -> cast orb again -> move -> rinse and repeat until enemy dies, or until you should back off.
_TAG_. Orb-walking v Animation canceling/ani-cancel
It is mentioned above that orb-walking involves animation canceling. However, there are differences between normal animation cancel and orbwalking.
Orbwalking uses the spell cast animation. For all of the orb-walkers, they have a cast animation which is shorter than their normal attack animation. This gives them a slight advantage in terms of chasing, since they don't spend most of their time doing some funky animation which doesn't help you.
_TAG_. How many different types of orbs are there in DotA, and which of them can be used to orbwalk?
Item-based orbs [cannot be used to orb-walk]
Lifesteal - Mask of Death, Mask of Madness, Helm of the Dominator, Satanic
Chain Lightning - Maelstrom, Mjollinir
Greater and Lesser Maim - Sange and Yasha, Sange
Cold Attack - Eye of Skadi
Corruption - Desolator
Feedback - Diffusal Blade
Hero-specific orbs [can be used to orb-walk]
Bone Fletcher - Searing Arrows Level 3 onwards
Drow Ranger - Frost Arrows Level 1 onwards
Enchantress - Impetus Level 1 onwards
Netherdrake - Poison Attack Level 3 onwards
Obsidian Destroyer - Arcane Orb Level 4
Sacred Warrior - Burning Spears Level 1 onwards
Silencer - Glaives of Wisdom Level 4
_TAG_. Credits
dotaportal.com for the hero gifs, playdota.com for the skill icons, you for reading this guide and providing feedback.
_TAG_. Changelog
12/7/09 - submitted guide
17/7/09 - redid layout for guide
18/8/09 - after icing the guide for a while, redoing and retouching guide based on posters' suggestions, added section "orbwalking v ani-cancel" (incomp.)
Still to be added:
Misc guide
Author: crazy sheep
Map Vers.: 6.61b
Orb Walking - the Subtle Art
A brief guide to Orb-walking
Date Posted: 07/12/09
Last Comment:24/07/2009
Total Votes: 0
Current Rating: 0.00
Views: 33456
Login to post a comment


text:
residual symbol for 18is +5 and the differential residual symbol for 17 is -1, etc. This continues until the last symbol is converted to its differential residual symbol. In this example, the last symbol is 19, which translates to differential residual symbol +2 (i.e., 2more than 17).
Further compression can be accomplished using residual classification. Residual classification reduces the possibility of undesirable data expansion in the encoded datastream by reducing the actual bit size of the largest or maximum bit size ofa codeword used to describe pixel data. By defining categories whose elements span a range of differential residual symbol values and replacing the symbols with category identifiers which will then be variable length (VL) entropy coded, the entropy ofthe pixel datastream is further lowered. Additionally, since a category identifier now takes the place of the binary pixel value (category identifiers, e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, vs. differential residual symbols), there are now a smaller number of symbols tobe encoded. The bit size of the maximum variable length of transmitted codenames (in terms of bits needed) is accordingly reduced.
Range position offset values are used to uniquely identify a residual in conjunction with the range based category identifier. As previously explained, residuals are converted to category identifiers based on ranges of residual values duringencoding to reduce the total number of data symbols for encoding and subsequent transmission. Category identifiers, which indicate which range of residuals an individual residual falls within, must be mapped back to individual residual values whenreceived by a system receiving transmitted compressed image data. Accordingly, additional data beyond range information a particular residual fell within is needed to determine what the original residual value was before conversion to a categoryidentifier. The range position identifier provides the additional data for reverse mapping of category identifiers back to individual residual values. The use of a range position offset value with a category identifier is further explained withreference to FIGS. 3 and 3A below.
Category identifiers represent a range of residual values. Each category identifier's range boundaries can be based on a variety of factors including magnitude of deviations between particular sets of pixel data or other factors that makedistribution of residuals into categories more convenient. For example, an 8-bit pixel signal symbol value can produce LPD residual values ranging from -255 to +255, or 511 total possible residuals to be encoded if no further symbol reduction wasperformed. Nine categories can be used with an 8-bit example, which is shown in FIG. 3. The use of categories can be used to reduce the number and bit-size of the symbols to be encoded instead of using the large number of LPD residual symbol values forencoding.
Each category has a range of LPD residuals associated with it. "Position offset" refers to the position a given value occupies in the range associated with a given category. In a range of -15 to -5, -5 occupies position offset zero. The value-4 occupies position offset 1, the value -3 occupies position offset 2 and so on.
FIG. 3 illustrates an example use of category and associated offset value assignments for 8-bit pixel values where nine categories are defined (0 through 8). Each category i has 2i symbols. Thus, category 0 has just one symbol. Category 1has two symbols [-1, +1]. Category 2 has four symbols: [-3, -2, +2, +3], and so on. Each differential residual data symbol, e.g., (12, +2, -1, +5, +2) is classified based on its value and mapped into a two-tuple (category, range position offset)transmission set using a stored range table, such as the one shown in FIG. 3. The lowest value in each category is also referred to as offset 0. Each successively higher position offset value has a value that is one more than the position of a previousrange element.
FIG. 3A shows a relationship between differential symbol values in a range with associated range position offsets for one of the categories in FIG. 3, i.e., category 4. Symbols in category 4 can assume values either in the range [-15,...,-8] or in the range [8,..., 15]. The lowest value in these ranges, -15 in this case, is coded as having a position offset of "0". Thus, the difference residual value "11" is coded as (4, 11), wherein "4" represents the category to which "11"belongs and "11" is the range position offset that identifies which position in the range is associated with category 4. Thus, given a matching encoding table (with ranges for each category), category and offset and the original differential residualcan be obtained.
Referring to FIGS. 3 and 3A, for example, the residual value "12" would be converted to (4, 12), denoting category 4 and range position offset of "12" plus one (the zero position) places from the beginning of the range, i.e., "-15". In otherwords, range position is determined by counting from range position zero at the beginning of the range (e.g., FIG. 3, -15) until the range position indicated by the range position offset is reached (e.g., range position offset "12", which is a "+12"differential symbol value), as is shown by FIG. 3A.
In this exemplary embodiment, each category is defined so that they each contain a number of symbols which are a power of numerical value two. For example, category 0 has one symbol (2.sup.0), category 1 has two symbols (2.sup.1), category 2 hasfour symbols (2.sup.2) and so on. Offset values can be calculated at the time when categories are assigned or at the time later compression techniques, such as variable length (VL) encoding is accomplished. However, it should be understood theinvention is not limited to categories that have power-of-two numbers of symbols.
Residual classification using methods, such as variable length entropy encoding (also known as VL encoding), provides a technique which can be used to adaptively compress data values. Huffman encoding is one form of VL encoding.
VL encoding can be used to reduce the bit-size of the symbols to be encoded by determining the most frequently occurring symbols and assigning variable length codewords to symbols based on their intrinsic probability distribution. Mostfrequently occurring data stream symbols have the smallest bit sized symbols and least frequent data stream occurring symbols have the largest bit sized symbols. Thus, if VL entropy encoding were applied to the set of symbols in the range [-255, +255],then the symbol with the maximum likelihood of occurrence would be assigned a codeword of one bit, while the symbol with the minimum likelihood of occurrence would be assigned a maximum sized codeword of length 511 bits (e.g., the bit 1 written 511 timesfollowed by a delimiter, such as zero). Category identifiers, e.g., category 1, category 2, etc., can be the symbols that are assigned VL codewords based on the frequency of residuals within each category (see FIG. 3). Accordingly, VL codewords whichreplace category identifiers which are more frequently used have smaller bit-sizes. Conversely, VL codewords replacing lesser used category identifiers have larger bit-sizes. However, it is necessary to analyze the frequency that category identifiersappear in a pixel data stream in order to effectively select which set of VL codewords would offer the best compression (bit-reduction) strategy.
VL encoding uses probability density function (PDF) data to base determination of the most efficient set of VL codewords. A PDF is computed for a given set of category identifiers determined from range classification of differential residuals. PDF data indicates frequency of occurrence of category identifiers. The PDF data is assembled into an ordered list of categories ranging from the category containing the most differential residuals to the category with the next most highest number ofresiduals and continuing to the category with the lowest non-zero number of residuals. Once PDF data for a selected row of pixel data has been determined, a VL encoding table with a corresponding PDF data pattern is selected from a group of such tableswith different PDF data patterns. VL encoding in this example (e.g., VL encoding of category symbols (i.e., category identifiers)) is dependent on a pattern of residual frequencies per category, which changes rapidly from one image to the next or evenacross rows within an image. Accordingly, a VL encoding scheme for each pattern of residuals per category is needed to increase compression efficiency for various pixel row signal value distributions. Tables containing VL codewords associated withcategory identifiers are provided so that each table has a unique combination of VL codewords organized based on different PDF data sequences.
Each VL encoding table contains a different distribution of PDF match data by category. Referring to FIG. 4, for example, PDF match data for a selected pixel row channel can fall within category 1 (4 residuals), category 3 (3 residuals) andcategory 7 (2 residuals). One of the stored VL encoding tables with a matching PDF sequence of 1, 3 and 7 is selected and the stored VL codewords are used for encoding category symbols (i.e., category identifiers). The selected table will haveoptimally sized codewords such as, for example, a small sized one-bit vector "0" assigned to the most frequently occurring category, category 1 in the above example. On the other hand, a category 7, which is the least frequently occurring category, maybe coded as binary value "10". If the number of category symbols were larger than in the FIG. 4 example,


text:
Learning a musical instrument can be really difficult in the initial stages. This can be very discouraging for young children who have just begun learning. Here to offer some assistance is a tool called JoyTunes.
JoyTunes is a tool that helps young children learn the recorder or the piano. The app basically provides interactive games that require children to play the right notes on their instruments. The service offers two iOS applications: one for the recorder and one for the piano.
Both of these apps require your child to have an iPad device that is running version 4.3 or later of iOS. The game detects musical notes through the iPad's microphone and lets your children progress to the next stages, provided they keep playing properly.
The apps have received many positive reviews which indicate that children love learning to play their musical instruments through the help of these games. These apps being absolutely free give you another reason to give them a try.
- A user-friendly device app.
- Compatible with the iPad.
- Helps teach the recorder or piano through games.
- Offers various exciting game levels.
- Similar tools: Steinway Etude and VirtualPiano.
- Also read related article: Top 5 Sites For Learning Piano Online.
Check out JoyTunes @ _URL_


text:
Git and'rewriting history'
Every so often, someone says that git is bad because it lets you rewrite history (usually they have other reasons too). This almost invariably irritates me because it is so completely wrong at a deep level.
Git has no support for'rewriting history' in any meaningful sense. In fact, git's design means that by its very nature you cannot rewrite history. Since a commit is identified by the hash of its contents, you cannot change a commit once it is made. Since commits identify their parents, the tree of commits, which is exactly the history, is immutable. It is quite literally impossible to alter the history of commits to, say, introduce another one in the middle, change a commit's text, or turn a series of commits into one; your altered history will produce commits with the wrong hash values and nothing will accept them.
(This is not unique to git; it is true of any VCS that uses content hashes for identifiers, and is a very useful property.)
What git does that is un-traditional for a version control system is that it lets you create new history, or more specifically it provides convenient support for doing this (you can create new history in any version control system by hand). It is in this new history, and only in this new history, that you can do things like introduce a new commit, compact a series of commit into one, or revise the text of a commit. Even this terminology is inaccurate, because you are not doing anything to the old commits that are part of the old history; instead you are making new commits in your new history that have the desired contents and relationships.
This new history doesn't overwrite the old history (it can't), but what you can do is delete the old history; at that point, the new history is the only history and you have, in some sense,'rewritten history'. But not really, because the cracks show immediately; for example, people who've pulled the old history from your repository will not transparently migrate to using your new history.
(The ability to delete history is by no means unique to git; it is in fact a common request and feature.)
There are some version control systems that do let you truly rewrite history, where you can change a commit while preserving its identifier. Ironically, they are old and generally non-distributed.


text:
design of the tablet press determines the manner of accomplishment of these functions. Machine design also determines the usable range of compression forces at which the machine can safely operate and the press speed at which output can be optimized without negative impact on tablet quality.
Ramasubramaniyan P., Shibin raj C., Nagarajan P., Sherly D., Subramanian L., and Solairaj P. (2014). Pilot Scale-up Techniques for Solid Dosage Form: An Overview for Tablets. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 3(8): 925-931.
The title of this article is Scale-up of Solid Dosage Forms


text:
of free access to their Nuke, Modo, Mari, and Katana tools.
- TrendMicro is providing 6 months free access to their consumer internet security product, Trend Micro Maximum Security, for people working from home.
- Trend Micro is also researching how COVID-19 is being used in a variety of malicious campaigns including email spam, BEC, malware, ransomware, and malicious domains.
- To support remote collaboration, Trimble has expanded the capabilities of its Trimble Connect Personal license at no cost to users. Users will be able to create more projects, invite more project members, and access more storage from March 19 to June 19.
- Twilio is a cloud communications platform that helps governments and businesses engage constituents and customers across channels – text, voice, video, and more. For government agencies, Twilio is offering discounts on services through its partners' GSA Schedule 70 and other contracting vehicles.
- Public services, health organizations, and NGOs are using Twilio to improve their COVID-19 response initiatives:
- Reduce public health hotline backlogs and wait times: Deploying automated chatbots and other self-service capabilities to share public service information and answer frequently asked questions will put the right information in the hands of citizens faster and more efficiently while freeing specialists to tackle the complex requests only they can handle.
- Combat misinformation with proactive alerts: Proactive SMS, voice, and email notifications enable organizations to keep their constituents up to date on the latest information based on trusted sources of public health.
- Reach more people by using preferred communication channels: Effective containment of the virus is largely dependent on providing everyone in Coronavirus-affected areas with the right trusted information to protect themselves and their families. This requires delivering your message over channels where end-users in need of assistance prefer to communicate.
- Automate appointment reminders and scheduling: You can set up reminders via email, text, and/or voice to reduce no shows and ensure that appointment slots which are canceled can be offered to others. Many organizations also offer a text in option to schedule appointments in the first place.
- For non-profits and social impact organizations, Twilio.org offers benefits through its Impact Access Program. More information is available here.
- Twilio is donating $1.5 million to organizations that are leading the medical responses to COVID-19 and low-income areas that are being affected by the virus. They are also matching employee donations 2:1 for charitable organizations focused on COVID-19 response.
- Twilio has created a chatbot for frequently asked questions about COVID-19. The template for that chatbot is available to public health agencies, hospitals, and health-focused nonprofits.
- Twilio Video is now free for three months for healthcare, education, and nonprofit institutions.
- Twilio.org announced a $2 million grant round for crisis lines supporting people impacted by COVID-19. The program aims to help more people in crisis by scaling program services using cloud technology.
- Twilio is working with health departments around the world to develop contact centers for reaching COVID-19 patients and their contacts.
- Workday joined a collaborative of 25 companies to raise $22 million to address the COVID-19 pandemic. Workday donated a total of $1.5 million to the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the United Nations Foundation. They will also match employee donations to the CDC Foundation, COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund for WHO, Direct Relief, and Doctors without Borders.
- Workday announced a new partnership with Salesforce to help organizations safely return to work.
BSA | The Software Alliance (_URL_) is the leading advocate for the global software industry before governments and in the international marketplace. Its members are among the world's most innovative companies, creating software solutions that spark the economy and improve modern life.
With headquarters in Washington, DC, and operations in more than 30 countries, BSA pioneers compliance programs that promote legal software use and advocates for public policies that foster technology innovation and drive growth in the digital economy.


text:
ron greater than 200 mg·L−1 were phytotoxic to peach leaves, reducing the leaf chlorophyll concentration as determined by SPAD measurements. At 300 mg·L−1, metamitron reduced fruit set in apple but not in peach. Inclusion of a non-ionic surfactant (Silwett L-77) with metamitron greatly increased its negative effect on Fv/Fm, quantum photosynthetic yield of PSII (ΦPSII), and relative electron transport rate (ETR). These results suggest that metamitron may be a useful thinner in apple but not in peach. Additional information is needed to understand how combining metamitron with existing thinning chemicals might enhance their activity. In particular, caution may be necessary if metamitron is applied as a tank mixture with commercial thinning products that have been formulated with a wetting agent.
The variation in natural fruit drop of 'Scarletspur Delicious'/'M.7' (M.7) apple (Malus ×domestica) trees in a commercial orchard over a period of 11 consecutive years was visualized using box and whisker plots. Delaying harvest until 1 week after the normal harvest date resulted in fruit drop ranging from 2% to 33% depending on the year. The effects of aminoethoxyvinlyglycine (AVG) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on fruit drop and fruit firmness at normal and delayed harvests was monitored each year. AVG and NAA programs tended to mitigate fruit drop most effectively in years when natural fruit drop was heavy. AVG delayed the loss of fruit firmness, whereas a preload NAA program delayed firmness loss in fruit that were harvested 3 weeks after the normal harvest date only. A standard NAA program for drop control did not accelerate softening of 'Scarletspur Delicious' during the first 3 weeks after the normal harvest date. Growers should closely monitor fruit maturity and stem loosening during the harvest window each year to minimize the risk of major losses due to fruit drop. When timely harvest is not possible, perhaps due to unforeseen weather events or constraints in labor availability, or poor management, then use of harvest management aids such as AVG or NAA becomes critical on cultivars prone to fruit drop.
A series of experiments were undertaken to compare the effects of individual and combined applications of GA4+7 and prohexadione-Ca (P-Ca) on scarf skin and fruit quality parameters on red strains of 'Rome Beauty' and 'Gala' apples. Three applications of GA4+7 at 10-day intervals beginning at petal fall (PF) significantly reduced scarf skin severity in all experiments. A single application of P-Ca at PF had no effect on scarf skin in one experiment but reduced scarf skin severity in two further experiments. Combining P-Ca with the first of three GA4+7 sprays as a tank mix reduced the severity of scarf skin more effectively than either material alone in two of three experiments at P < 0.05 and in all three experiments at P < 0.10. Combining P-Ca with the first application of GA4+7 as a tank mix generally reduced scarf skin as effectively as applying P-Ca and the first GA4+7 spray two days apart, although in one experiment, greater scarf skin control was achieved when P-Ca was applied 2 days after the first GA4+7 spray. A single application of P-Ca at PF consistently reduced, and three applications of GA4+7 consistently increased, mean fruit weight at harvest compared with the control. The economic benefits as a result of reducing scarf skin severity with P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays will need to be balanced against the negative effect of P-Ca on mean fruit weight. There is no antagonism between early season P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays for scarf skin control, and P-Ca may increase the efficacy of GA4+7 sprays for scarf skin control in apple.
Experiments were conducted to compare the effects of different preharvest and postharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment combinations on 'Law Rome' and 'Golden Delicious' apple fruit. Preharvest 1-MCP sprays had minimal effects on maturity as determined by flesh firmness, starch index, internal ethylene concentration, and soluble solids concentration. Fruit internal ethylene concentration and firmness loss after 30- to 40-days storage at 0 °C plus 7 days at 20 °C were reduced by preharvest and postharvest 1-MCP treatments. The positive effects of preharvest 1-MCP on postharvest quality of 'Law Rome' declined in fruit that were harvested 3 days or more after spraying, whereas preharvest 1-MCP continued to have a positive effect on postharvest fruit quality of 'Golden Delicious' that were harvested up to 9 days after spraying. The loss in postharvest effects of preharvest 1-MCP treatment on 'Law Rome' at delayed harvests was reinstated by exposing fruit to gaseous 1-MCP on the day of harvest. These findings suggest that attached apple fruit of some cultivars may be capable of rapidly generating new ethylene receptors.
Three experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effects of different preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) spray treatments on apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) fruit maturity at harvest and quality after long-term storage in a regular atmosphere or controlled atmosphere (CA). Trees were sprayed within 7 days of the anticipated harvest date (H) and fruit for long-term storage were sampled at either H in the case of 'Law Rome' or at harvest dates that were delayed by up to 21 days (H + 21) in the case of 'Golden Delicious' and 'Law Rome'. Preharvest 1-MCP sprays within 7 days of H reduced fruit drop, internal ethylene concentration, and starch index and reduced firmness loss during long-term storage of fruit at delayed harvest dates but had only minor effects on fruit maturity at H. Preharvest 1-MCP sprays reduced the incidence of superficial scald on 'Law Rome' apples more effectively than either diphenylamine or CA storage. Application of 1-MCP within 7 days of H may be used to delay harvest date, thereby allowing continued fruit growth without a concomitant advance in fruit maturity and to reduce firmness loss and superficial scald during long-term storage both for normal and delayed harvests.


What Happens If You Get Hurt in Basic Training?
Books on black and brown wooden shelf.jpg
The physical stress of recruit training in the U.S. military often leads to injuries and illnesses in all branches of service. While medics and corpsmen can treat most of these with no appreciable time lost from training, some injuries are more serious and take more time to heal. In these instances, several options are available to the military.
1 Rehabilitation
Some injuries require time to heal. This includes musculoskeletal injuries such as severe strains, sprains and broken bones. If a recruit is deemed unable to continue training with one of these injuries, they are sent to a rehabilitation platoon, where they are given physical therapy to help them recover from these injuries, limited training and motivation to continue their full recruit training.
2 Evaluation
Some injuries or illnesses may arise during training that require additional testing, civilian consultations and evaluation on a recruit's training potential. These include asthma, heart murmurs, hemophilia, diabetes and other similar medical conditions that might not have been ascertained in a pre-enlistment screening. Evaluation platoons serve many of the same functions as rehabilitation platoons --training and medical supervision -- but generally serve more as holding areas while the future of a recruit is decided.
3 Medical Separation
Recruits whose injuries or medical conditions are too severe may be unable to continue training. In this case, they are given a medical separation. This informs future employers and recruiters that the recruit was separated from the military because of injury, and not through any fault of their actions. Although medical treatment may continue to be provided by the military, this separation ends the recruits contract.
4 Recycling
If an injury is deemed recoverable following a stay in a rehabilitation or evaluation platoon, a recruit may be sent back to training upon recovery. Due to the length of time involved in most rehabilitation stays, recruits are unable to return to their previous training units, who have typically moved forward, if not completing recruit training altogether. Instead, recruits are recycled, joining training units that are in the same phase of training that they were when the injury occurred.


text:
|Outback travel |
The Outback of Australia is very remote and care should be taken when driving through this vast and unique area. Follow these important tips for safe outback motoring:
- Check the best time of year to travel.
- Check your route carefully.
- Before leaving for your trip, give someone a copy of your itinerary and agree dates and times to contact them to let them know that all is well.
- Ensure your vehicle is suitable for outback travel.
- Do not overload the vehicle.
- Consider hiring a two-way radio if intending to travel in very remote areas.
- Carry the best maps you can, but always check with the locals on road conditions, fuel availability and weather conditions.
- Plan your fuel consumption and refuelling points. Remember that service stations in the outback may have limited opening hours.
- Do not stray from your intended route as you may consume extra fuel or you could get lost.
- When travelling on very remote roads, inform local authorities of your route and intended arrival time.
- Carry sufficient supplies of food, water and fuel.
- Try to avoid driving at dusk, night or dawn. Wild or farm animals may stray onto the road and their behaviour can be unpredictable.
- When driving on an unmade road towards an approaching vehicle, pull off to the left of the road, keeping the right-hand wheels on the road surface at all times. Slow down but do not stop as the road shoulders may be soft.
- Be aware of dust on the road which may conceal potholes and washouts.
- Always carry an emergency supply of water – five litres per person per day in hot areas.
- If you break down, stay with your vehicle. It is much easier to locate a vehicle than a person.
|Going overseas? Check out our international links.|


text:
How do you measure up?
A waist measurement of more than 80cm for women and 94cm for men can increase the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
There are two ways to assess your health risk:
1. Measure your waist circumference
This is a simple way to assess your risk of developing health problems such as some cancers, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
To measure your waist correctly:
- Measure directly against your skin
- Breathe out normally
- Make sure the tape is snug, without compressing the skin
- Measure halfway between your lowest rib and the top of your hipbone, roughly in line with your belly button.
|Health Risk||Waist Measurement (cm)|
|Increased||80cm or more||94cm or more|
|Greatly increased||88cm or more||102cm or more|
2. Calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI)
BMI estimates how healthy your weight is in relation to your height. Calculate your BMI by dividing your weight in kilograms/pounds by your height in metres squared. To work out your BMI, use the calculation below.
Cancer Council NSW supports the Measure Up campaign in raising awareness of the risk of chronic disease.
How healthy is your diet?
Take the Measure Up healthy eating quiz to help you assess your current eating and drinking habits. What can you do better to help you achieve and maintain a healthy weight?
Find out how your activity measures up.
Take the Measure Up physical activity quiz to help you assess your physical activity habits. What can you do to increase your physical activity level and achieve and maintain a healthy weight?


text:
Liberals spending $50M to teach K-12 students and their teachers coding
New CanCode program targets students, underrepresented groups
The Liberal government is following up on a 2017 budget promise to spend $50 million to help children learn to code as soon as they start school.
Innovation Minister Navdeep Bains announced the government's new CanCode program, which hopes to train about one million students from kindergarten to Grade 12 coding and other digital skills, during a stop at Microsoft Canada in Mississauga, Ont. on Monday.
The government says they also want to train students, including traditionally underrepresented groups, in coding to prepare them for the future workforce.
The funding also includes training for 63,000 teachers to learn how to incorporate new technology in the classroom.
The money will be divided between a number of projects, including $10 million for Actua, a group that engages Indigenous youth, girls, at-risk youth and young Canadians living in remote areas in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM).
Coding is already part of the curriculum up to Grade 6 in Nova Scotia and taught in New Brunswick.
In 2016, British Columbia announced plans to have mandatory coding for students between Grade 6-9 by September 2018.
Other recipients of the $50 million include:
- The Boys and Girls Clubs of Canada
- Canada Learning Code
- Cybera Inc.
- Kids Code Jeunesse
- Saskatoon Industry Education Council
- Brilliant Labs
- FIRST Robotics Canada
- Let's Talk Science
- Grandir sans frontières
- Science North
- The Learning Partnership
- Pinnguaq Ulnooweg Development Group
- Manitoba First Nations Education Resource Centre Inc
- Fusion Jeunesse Elephant Thoughts Educational Outreach
- Science World