text: Code dive You can remotely commandeer and control computers that use vulnerable Intel chipsets by sending them empty authentication strings.You read that right. When you're expected to send a password hash, you send zero bytes. Nothing. Nada. And you'll be rewarded with powerful low-level access to a vulnerable box's hardware from across the network – or across the internet if the management interface faces the public web.Remember that the next time Intel, a $180bn international semiconductor giant, talks about how important it treats security.To recap: Intel provides a remote management toolkit called AMT for its business and enterprise-friendly processors; this software is part of Chipzilla's vPro suite and runs at the firmware level, below and out of sight of Windows, Linux, or whatever operating system you're using. The code runs on Intel's Management Engine, a tiny secret computer within your computer that has full control of the hardware and talks directly to the network port, allowing a device to be remotely controlled regardless of whatever OS and applications are running, or not, above it.


text:
Using Surveys to Increase Your Fundraising
If you don't regularly survey your target audiences, your fundraising efforts are merely educated guesses. And if your surveys aren't carefully crafted, you'll end up receiving unhelpful or misleading data.
With this simple How-To Guide, you can create surveys that empower you with real, actionable, and often surprising insights into what your current and prospective donors do, think, and need. Smart surveys can turn your fundraising strategy into a fine-tuned, sophisticated engine of revenue.
This How-To Guide features:
- Questions to ask your internal team as you plan your survey
- A list of sample survey questions you may ask your donors

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
We are developing a set of dashboards based on SAP BW cubes. Those cubes, through multiproviders, are used in BEx queries wich, in turn, serve BusinessObjects universes.
The universes are used as data sources for Web Intelligence reports, with scheduled execution jobs for every morning. The job executions feed the dashboards through BI Services.
These dashboards, when accessing the reports through BI services, filter the dimensions, typically, by Year / Month / Company
In sum, the environment specifications are as follows:
SAP BW 3.5
BEx Analyzer Vxx
SAP BusinessObjects XI 3.1 SP3
Issues are related with some combinations of dimensions in BEx. For instance, we have the following combination of dimensions:
Here we combine:
Exercício (Year) = 2011
Período Contábil (Month)
Empresa (Company code) = 1000
Medida LPM (Action) restricted to two values: MA02.000.000000 and MA03.000.000000
As we can see in this combination of dimensions, with MA03 not all the months in the year are shown. This is because there aren't any metrics with values in certain months. This occurs often throughout the analysis, a fact we deem normal since it's not mandatory that all actions have metric values for all months.
The universe consists of dimensions and metrics, which are imported directly from the BEx query. Other metrics, for Year-to-date calculations, are developed in the universe with resort to MDX expressions.
As such, we can see in the following example the difference between an elemental metric (imported directly from BEx) and a YTD metric (developed in the universe):
Reports that are developed over these universes use combinations of dimensions similar to the ones we see in BEx, as we can see in the following image:
The resulting block exhibits the same results as the BEx query, as shown in the image below:
What we would like to produce is a table with all combinations of data, as shown below:
In order to achieve this, we have to set the following MDX statements in the elemental and aggregate measures at the universe level:
But this creates a performance issue in the report execution, since coalescing all values forces results into any possible combination of dimension values. As such, and to try and minimize the impact, we have to either create query filters at the report level or reduce the number of dimensions used in the report, as shown below:
This implementation still causes great impact in the report execution, taking much more time to execute.
After this explanation, we have to ask you if there is any BusinessObjects functionality that allows for the automatic retrieval of all the combinations of dimension values, either at the universe or report level, that does not cause such impact in report execution.
Thank you for your time,


In this 45-60 minute high-stakes board game, everyone wins or everyone loses. As they play, groups of three to four children ages 8 to 13 build an understanding of how human actions impact global change. As teams, children play a game in which chance and choice determine the fate of a lone polar bear on an ice floe.


Black tea with salt and Coca-cola prescription or what the well-known beverages may not know | 2014-06-25
FiftyFifty.eu, social magazine
Black tea with salt and Coca-cola prescription or what the well-known beverages may not know Around drinking regimen recently revolved more debates. One opinions preach to drink at least 2.5 liters of clean water a day, others advised to drink only when your body tells itself. Similarly, on the black and white assessment of suitable and unsuitable fluids..
In this article, we explain that in addition to clean water a human body sometimes appreciate the drinks, which you might not expect it. Maybe often scorned by coffee and Coca-Cola, which was at the time of its creation only available at the pharmacy.
Black tea with salt at diarrhea
Although it is usually recommended to sip black tea throughout the day, as due to the high proportion of caffeine drains the body are times when your body will appreciate it more than anything else. If you suffer from weak to moderate diarrhea, which is not necessary to address hospitalizations, bet just for this drink. Tea should ideally be bitter, nedochucený lemon, sugar or milk. Its light bitterness has is the ability to flatten stomach problems. Exemptions may be made for smaller children that refused to drink the bitter drink. Those can then be lightly flavored tea such as grape sugar. When intestinal problems should be administered within 4 to 6hodinových intervals in a dose of 100-150 ml per kilogram per day.
Do tea can then add a pinch of salt, which at least partially make up minerals in diarrheal symptoms leaves the body. The drink should not be salty in taste. Drink should sip warm or lukewarm.
Coffee against fainting
Opponents of coffee often decry the high caffeine content of causing the evacuation of water from the body or point to an increase in blood pressure. Coffee served in a reasonable amount, however, the human body also have beneficial effects. It has been shown, for example, that contains up to four times the amount of antioxidants than green tea, which is precisely for this property increasingly promoted. Antioxidants have the ability to neutralize free radicals, which cause disruption of the cells of the organism such as the premature aging and can lead to failure of the immune and nervous systems. Coffee then specially appreciated by people with low pressure who experience persistent fatigue and malaise. One cup them gently increase pressure and their condition so greatly relieved. Most often, however, coffee is prized for the ability of blood to the brain, which very often use people in offices. "Suitable daily dose of caffeine is in the range of 250 to 300 milligrams, which is about 3-5 cups of drinks a day. This rule is surprisingly manages a number of domestic firms, which ordered coffee for their employees. Within the month orders are buying most 250gramové 5 packages of instant coffee, "confirms the popularity of coffee in the Czech Republic Jana Martínková the company Activa (provision of services and equipment for offices).
Interesting fact:
most cups of coffee they drink inhabitants of Scandinavia, where one person falls on an average of 3.5 cups a day. For the Czechs the average 1 cup. It is the second most popular beverage in the world after water. Lethal dose of caffeine represents about 100 cups of coffee.
Coca-Cola and Pepsi to calm the stomach
Another drink that your body during sickness and disease will welcome the Cola drinks, especially the original Coca-Cola or Pepsi. Specifically, Coca-cola is alleged by a copy of the factory manual from 1886 contains a mixture of fabrics and spices, for instance, nutmeg or cinnamon, which support digestion and are able to relieve nausea. However, also contain carbon dioxide, which may even have a stomach irritant effect, these must be given cold drinks, small spoons and a maximum free of bubbles.
Interesting fact: The beneficial effect of Pepsi and Coca-Cola on the stomach is not by chance or a positive side effect. Both drinks is umíchali independently in the late 19th century American pharmacists Caleb Bradham and John Pemberton with the intention of passing them on to customers with prescription pain in stomach, kidney or suffering loss of appetite.
Source: tz
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Tectonic Shoving Match Formed Caribbean Island Arc
The image shows how the Caribbean plate is pushed to the east relative to the South American plate, causing the Caribbean Islands' distinctive arc shape.
CREDIT: Courtesy of Meghan Miller and Thorsten Becker
The movement of Earth's viscous mantle against South America has pushed the Caribbean islands east over the last 50 million years, according to a study published Monday (Aug. 20) in the journal Nature Geoscience.
The University of Southern California, in announcing the study, said the findings upend previous hypotheses of the seismic activity beneath the Caribbean Sea and provide an important new look at the unique tectonic interactions that are causing the Caribbean plate to tear away from South America.
The Caribbean plate is being pushed eastward due to a thick section of the South American plate called a "cratonic keel." This section of crust is three times thicker than its surroundings.
Meanwhile, part of the South American plate is being pushed beneath the Caribbean plate, a process called subduction. Intense heat and pressure gradually force water-containing magma to rise into the Earth's mantle and fuel the many active volcanoes in the region.
All of this pushing and pulling formed the distinctive arc shape of the Caribbean islands and has created a very complex system of faults between the two plates, in northern South America, according to the USC statement. The study mapped several of these strike-slip faults, which are similar to California's San Andreas Fault.
Recent earthquakes in the area helped the two researchers develop an image of the Earth's deep interior. The earthquake waves move slower or quicker depending on the temperature and composition of the rock.
"Studying the deep earth interior provides insights into how the Earth has evolved into its present form," researcher Meghan S. Miller said in the statement.
For their study, the researchers used earthquake data to develop 176 computer models, USC said.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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July 1, 2011 The position of the foot just before ground contact during running and walking may put people at risk for ankle sprains, according to a new study published by a University of Georgia kinesiology researcher.
The results of the study, which appear in the June online edition of the American Journal of Sports Medicine, found that people who have a history of repetitive ankle sprains demonstrated lower clearance heights between their feet and the floor during running and pointed their toes down more during walking. Ankle sprains are the most common sports-related injury, and many who experience a sprain will go on to develop chronic instability, suffering repeated sprains during their lifetime.
"Almost everyone who is physically active will suffer an ankle sprain at some point," said the study's lead author, Cathleen Brown Crowell, an assistant professor in the UGA College of Education's department of kinesiology. "Many people develop repetitive ankle injuries that are painful, can decrease performance and increase the risk of ankle osteoarthritis. We were able to identify factors in foot positioning prior to contact with the ground that may predispose some people to these repetitive injuries. These findings can help clinicians develop rehabilitation programs that address movements that may have been ignored in the past."
The study collected data on more than 30 male recreational athletes, some with a history of repetitive ankle sprains and some without. Motion capture equipment analyzed joint movements and forces in the participants during walking and running. This study was unique in that it analyzed all three possible motions of the ankle and included participants who had different types of ankle instability, explained Brown Crowell.
While such motion capture equipment may not be available for analysis of patients in rehabilitation clinics, the findings can be applied to physically active individuals at any level who sprain their ankles.
"We can apply our findings to clinical practice," said Brown Crowell. "Our study demonstrates there are differences in movements at the foot and ankle in an injured population that may respond to rehabilitation interventions beyond typical stretching and strengthening. The next step is to see if targeted interventions, trying to influence how people run and walk, can treat and even prevent ankle sprains."
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
- C. Brown. Foot Clearance in Walking and Running in Individuals With Ankle Instability. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2011; DOI: 10.1177/0363546511408872
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.


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WHAT: Virginia Civil Rights Memorial at the Virginia State Capitol in Richmond, Va. See and listen to a slideshow.
LOCATION: Capitol Square, Northeast Corner near Governor Street entrance.
ARTIST: Stanley Bleifeld.
DEDICATED: July 21, 2008.
DESCRIPTION: Cast in bronze, the 18 figures are slightly larger than life. The wall the statues back up to is 12 feet long, 8 feet high and about 5 feet wide. The $2.6 million granite and bronze memorial was privately financed.
* * *
The following was culled from excerpts of the Richmond Times-Dispatch's coverage of the statue's unveiling:
A Commonwealth once synonymous with defiance of court-ordered school integration celebrated the latest symbol of its often-difficult embrace of equality with the Virginia Civil Rights Memorial in 2008.
It represents a key moment in the history of the civil-rights movement in Virginia.
The statue spotlights the African-American students in rural Prince Edward County whose 1951 walkout to protest their run-down school led to a lawsuit that was folded into the challenge that triggered the 1954 Brown vs. the Board of Education decision by the U.S. Supreme Court banning segregated public schools.
Among the figures in the memorial is Oliver W. Hill Sr. holding a rumpled legal brief aloft as he stands shoulder to shoulder with law partner Spottswood W. Robinson III. They took on the case of the Prince Edward County students who protested the shabby condition of their school.
The student protests garnered support from the local community, benefiting from the moral leadership of the Rev. L. Francis Griffin, known as the "Fighting Preacher" and is also featured in the memorial.
A plaque in front of Virginia Civil Rights Memorial reads:
On April 23, 1951, 16-year-old Barbara Johns and several fellow students led a strike to protest the deplorable conditions at their racially segregated Prince Edward County school. The Rev. L. Francis Griffin united parents in support of the strike and encouraged the students to contact NAACP attorneys Oliver Hill and Spottswood Robinson. The lawsuit that followed was brought before the U.S. Supreme Court and joined with four other cases as Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), in which the Court ruled that racially separate educational systems are inherently unequal and unconstitutional.
This memorial is dedicated to these Virginians and countless others who courageously fought for the principles upon which the nation and this Commonwealth were founded.


Energy-Efficient Ventilation Systems for Chicago Buildings
Chelsey Bipat
Author : Chelsey Bipat
October 31, 2018
4 Minutes Read
 Chicago's Climate Action Plan is highly ambitious and one of the most sophisticated in the world. After substantial research and input by dozens of experts and leading scientists, five strategies were adopted exactly a decade ago, one of which aims to have the most energy efficient buildings possible in Chicago by the year 2020.
 Chicago Building Process-2
 Above: The iconic Sears Tower, one of the first really energy-efficient high-rise buildings in Chicago stands up above the skyline.
 The motivation is driven by a realization that without both local and global action, the impact of climate change on Chicago's weather could be dramatic.
 Not only must new Chicago buildings meet stringent energy-efficient standards, but existing residential, commercial, and industrial buildings are being retrofitted and upgraded. The energy-efficient buildings strategy incorporates:
 - new guidelines for renovations
 - an update to the City's energy code, including legislation that affects ventilation systems
 - water conservation
 - the establishment of green roofs and planting of trees
 - trade in of outdated non-energy efficient appliances
 "Reducing energy consumption and emissions by an average of 30 percent in 9,200 buildings by 2020 could produce reductions of 1.3 MMTCO2e," the City says. By 2020, at least half of the buildings in Chicago should have been retrofitted. Additionally, the City's energy code will align with the latest international standards that demand a reduction of 1.13 MMTCO2e (million metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent, which is the term for the quantity of any greenhouse gases by weighing it by its relative global warming potential) and building renovations will have to meet green standards that demand a reduction of.31 MMTCO2e.
 Whilst energy-efficient ventilation systems in buildings is only part of the plan for Chicago, the switch to this type of ventilation is vitally important.
 Passive ventilation relies on natural airflow and temperature differences between the inside and outside of buildings to draw in and circulate fresh air. Mechanical ventilation utilizes fans and ducts and is a much more reliable and economical source of good ventilation.
 Mechanical Ventilation in Chicago Buildings
 Today, the best practice to achieve modern, high-performance homes is to have a whole-house ventilation strategy that involves building "tight" and then ventilating with a mechanical ventilation system. What you spend on energy to achieve this you will save on heating and cooling. By incorporating mechanical ventilation with a system that utilizes heating, cooling, and air recirculation, engineers are able to combat the severe summer heat and winter cold that are so typical in Chicago and surrounding areas.
 In a comprehensive layman's guide to Whole-Building Delivered Ventilation and on their website, the US Department of Energy describes the different ventilation systems:
 - Exhaust-only ventilation that involves stale air being pulled out of the building. The outdoor air that enters the building is neither filtered or conditioned. It is relatively inexpensive and works well in cold climates. On the downside, exhaust systems can draw contaminated air into living spaces and it doesn't work in hot, humid climates.
 - Supply-only ventilation that is the opposite of supply-only ventilation and utilizes an HVAC system supply fan to draw air in from outside. It is usually filtered and conditioned and then circulated through the HVAC system. It is also relatively inexpensive, but enables better control than exhaust systems. It can though create moisture problems in colder climates.
 - Central fan integrated supply ventilation that draws in outdoor air when the heating/cooling system is energized.
 - Balanced ventilation that is a combination of supply and exhaust so that there is always fresh air and minimal energy loss. This type of ventilation system utilizes heat recovery ventilators (HRVs) or energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) that control ventilation and is the best type of mechanical ventilation available, even though it is the most expensive.
 - Intermittently balanced ventilation that is similar to balanced ventilation but doesn't use HRV or ERV.
 The reason Chicago's energy efficient buildings initiative embraces retrofits for older buildings is largely because mechanical ventilation wasn't common in older Chicago buildings. While modern homes are designed with a building envelope that makes the structure more energy efficient, older homes had leaky envelopes that often resulted in mold and mildew forming.
 To design whole-house ventilation systems, engineers do precise calculations based on square footage of floor areas and the number of bedrooms, combined with climatic needs. This means that a ventilation system designed for Dallas, Texas will be completely different to one designed for Chicago, Illinois.
 In Chicago, Whole House Mechanical Ventilation Systems are defined in the City's Municipal Code. Essentially they are supply or exhaust systems (or a combination of the two) that are designed in accordance with R403.6, a mandatory energy conservation requirement that applies to mechanical ventilation in all residential projects. The system must be designed "to mechanically exchange indoor air for outdoor air when operating continuously or through a programmed intermittent schedule to satisfy the whole house ventilation rate." The person designing the system must also take steps to ensure that there is no infiltration of air when the mechanical ventilation system isn't operating. R403.6 also covers recirculation of air in residential buildings, specifically in relation to toilets and bathrooms, as well as airflow rates for certain floor areas and numbers of bedrooms.
 Heating and cooling equipment has to comply with the requirements of R403.7. Since it is usually part of a more comprehensive HVAC system, there is an element of ventilation here too.
 Energy Conservation Compliance in Chicago
 In terms of the Chicago Building Code's updated requirements for energy conservation, since June 2018 a new compliance statement is required from Illinois-licensed engineers and architects. Department of Buildings inspectors now spot-check to ensure that construction of homes and other buildings is being carried out in accordance with approved plans and permits.
 Additionally, ventilation bureau inspectors inspect both new and existing Chicago building to ensure that ventilation complies with the building code.
 This is why it is essential to use a registered Chicago engineering company or MEP engineering team for your ventilation needs.
 We specialize in passive housing projects that incorporate energy-efficient ventilation systems. Whether you need to retrofit or design and build from scratch, our team will work with you to ensure you get the best results from today's passive house technology.
 Tags energy conservation | Chicago Climate Action Plan | greenhouse gases | mechanical ventilation | whole-house ventilation | balanced ventilation
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Assassin's Creed Wiki
Grigori Rasputin
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Eraicon-AC2Eraicon-Project LegacyEraicon-The FallEraicon-Templars
Grigori Rasputin
Grigori Rasputin
Biographical information
22 January 1869
Pokrovskoye, Siberia, Russian Empire
29 December 1916
Petrograd, Russian Empire
Political information
Real-world information
Appears in
Assassin's Creed II (Glyphs)
Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy
Assassin's Creed: The Fall
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (1869 - 1916) was a Russian mystic and covert Templar agent assigned to infiltrate the Russian Royal House and become close to Tsar Nicholas II and his family.
Infiltrating the Royal houseEdit
After Nicholas' son Alexei became sick from hemophilia, a family friend advised him to ask for the help of Rasputin. Rasputin agreed to do so, because he knew that Nicholas was in possession of a Staff of Eden, known as the Imperial Sceptre. After successfully "healing" Alexei, Rasputin became a trusted friend, and even gave advice on the decisions the royal family made.[1]
Eventually, Rasputin came into possession of the Staff, and took it to Tunguska for the Templars to experiment with. Despite this, following the interrogation of the Templar Dolinsky, Nikolai Orelov and several other Assassins destroyed the facility, with the assistance of Nikola Tesla; the Imperial Sceptre was also destroyed in the resulting explosion. However, Rasputin managed to recover a piece of the destroyed Staff, and wore it around his neck for the rest of his life.[2]
Guseva's assassination attemptEdit
In 1914, Rasputin traveled to his home in Pokrovskoye, Siberia to visit his wife and children, and his disciple Khioniya Guseva joined him. He arranged to meet with Guseva outside the village's church, but after having done so, Guseva charged towards him and slit his stomach. Due to his injuries, Rasputin's intestines fell out and he clutched at them, yet he managed to smile at Guseva. Following this, Rasputin used the Staff shard from around his neck to make her mutilate herself. Consequently, Guseva was heavily deformed for the rest of her life, while Rasputin himself was somehow healed miraculously.[3]
"Not so immortal after all, henh? Degenerate filth."
―Nikolai Orelov's accomplices, upon seeing Rasputin's corpse.[src]
Rasputin was assassinated by Felix Yusupov and his co-conspirators on 29 December 1916. He was reportedly poisoned, and shot twice, but managed to make his way outside, where he was shot once more and clubbed to death. His body was dropped in a river outside Petrograd, but was later recovered by police and buried near the city.[4]
In 1917, Nikolai Orelov and two accomplices dug up Rasputin's corpse after the Assassin found out about the splinter from the Staff that was still in Rasputin's possession, possibly allowing for his difficult execution. Orelov subsequently ripped the necklace from Rasputin's corpse and told his accomplices to burn the body.[2]
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What is the correct spelling for MEANNT?
This word (Meannt) may be misspelled. Below you can find the suggested words which we believe are the correct spellings for what you were searching for. If you click on the links, you can find more information about these words.
Correct spellings for MEANNT
- manet The higher imaginative qualities of art Manet made no great effort at attaining.
- mann I also saw the worthy Sir Mann, and I promised the Corticelli to fetch her in Lent, and spend some time with her in Bologna.
- manna It was like a miracle, because, though I thought he might come along some time, I wasn't expecting him then, any more than you would expect manna to fall in 1912 just because you happened to be hungry and lost.
- manned This year fifteen boats engaged in this work, each manned by eight men.
- mean You'll find out what i mean Beyond this gate Is the world i create But it must be believed to be seen – It Must Be Believed to Be Seen by Unknown Author
- Mandy Mandy inquired, stretching herself and yawning portentously.
52 words made from the letters MEANNT
4 letter words made from MEANNT:amen, anem, ante, etna, maen, mane, mann, mate, matn, mean, meat, meta, metn, name, neat, tame, team, tean.
5 letter words made from MEANNT:ament, anmen, enman, manen, manet, manne, mante, menna, menta, metan, namen, neamt, neman, netam, tamen, tanen, tanne.
3 letter words made from MEANNT:ane, ant, ate, atm, eat, ent, eta, man, mat, men, nan, net, nne, tam, tan, tea, ten.


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Unveiling Hope: Celine Dion's Inspiring Journey Through Stiff Person Syndrome
In a world captivated by the mesmerizing voice of Celine Dion, there lies a story of resilience and triumph that has yet to be fully told. We delve into the remarkable journey of the legendary artist and her battle with Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS). This article not only sheds light on Celine Dion's personal struggles but also offers insights into this rare neurological disorder, raising awareness and fostering understanding.
Understanding Stiff Person Syndrome: A Closer Look
Stiff Person Syndrome, a rare and often misunderstood neurological disorder, impacts the lives of those who experience it in profound ways. Characterized by muscle stiffness and spasms, SPS challenges individuals on both physical and emotional levels. Though relatively uncommon, its effects are far-reaching, as exemplified by Celine Dion's sister, Claudette Dion.
Celine Dion's Personal Connection
Within the backdrop of Celine Dion's international fame lies a deep and emotional connection to the cause of Stiff Person Syndrome. Claudette Dion, Celine's sister, has bravely confronted SPS, and her journey has ignited a passionate commitment within Celine to raise awareness and support research for this condition. This family bond has transformed Celine Dion into an advocate, using her influence to make a difference in the lives of those affected by SPS.
The Power of Celebrity Influence: A Force for Change
Celine Dion's unparalleled influence extends beyond her musical prowess; she is a beacon of hope for countless individuals. Through her advocacy and support, she has been able to shine a spotlight on Stiff Person Syndrome like never before. This celebrity-driven initiative has led to increased research funding, heightened awareness, and a sense of community among those who are impacted by the disorder.
Collaborative Efforts: Breaking Barriers and Dispelling Myths
In collaboration with medical experts, researchers, and advocacy groups, Celine Dion has embarked on a journey to dispel the myths surrounding Stiff Person Syndrome. Through funding and promoting studies, she is fostering a better understanding of the disorder within both medical circles and the general public. This collaborative approach is driving progress and fostering hope for a future where SPS is better understood, diagnosed, and treated.
Charting a Path Forward: A Vision for the Future
The impact of Celine Dion's efforts reaches far beyond the present moment. By using her platform to amplify the voices of SPS patients and their families, she is creating a legacy of compassion and progress. As research advances and understanding deepens, the vision for the future becomes clearer: a world where Stiff Person Syndrome is no longer a mystery, where diagnosis comes early, and effective treatments abound.
The story of Celine Dion's journey through SPS is one of inspiration, unity, and the transformative power of using one's platform for the greater good. As her melodious voice continues to resonate on stages around the world, her advocacy for SPS ensures that the voice of hope resonates even louder.
Conclusion: A Harmonious Symphony of Advocacy and Hope
As the curtain falls on this exploration of Celine Dion's remarkable journey through Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS), a resounding melody of advocacy and hope continues to echo. We have traversed the landscape of a rare neurological disorder, illuminating its challenges and unveiling the power of unity in the face of adversity.
Celine Dion's unwavering commitment to her sister Claudette Dion and her dedication to the cause of SPS has not only elevated awareness but has ignited a global movement. The harmonious symphony of celebrity influence, medical collaboration, and compassionate advocacy is composing a narrative of progress that reverberates far beyond the confines of this article.
As we bid adieu to these words, let them serve as a testament to the potential of humanity to create change, uplift spirits, and transform lives. The journey towards a world where Stiff Person Syndrome is better understood, diagnosed, and treated continues, and with each passing day, the notes of hope crescendo. Let us remember that in the cadence of Celine Dion's resounding voice and steadfast dedication, we find not only a source of inspiration but a call to action, a call to champion the cause of those who may have been silenced by the rarity of their struggles.
In the end, the story of Celine Dion and Stiff Person Syndrome is not merely an article; it is a movement, a symphony of empathy, education, and empowerment. So let us continue to play our part, joining this global chorus of change, as we work together to create a world where every voice, regardless of the challenges it carries, can be heard and celebrated.
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SHIFTboston blog» Blog Archive » TREEPODS Carbon-Scrubbing Artificial Trees for Boston City Streets
TREEPODS Carbon-Scrubbing Artificial Trees for Boston City Streets
With the earth's population ever growing, air pollution and air quality is a major issue for many countries around the world. Air pollutants can lead to respiratory related illnesses in humans and animals, create acid rain, and deplete the ozone layer. Actions such as carpooling, reducing the use of fossil fuels, and simply turning off a light when leaving a room are all ways that reduce harmful CO2 levels in our atmosphere. There is also a natural source that eats away at harmful CO2 gases and that source is trees.
Trees act like nature's lungs. They take in CO2 gases from the air and then use those gases for energy during the photosynthesis process. A byproduct of photosynthesis is oxygen. Over the course of a year, one tree can absorb up to 13 pounds of CO2 gases. The loss of trees in cities has had devastating results. Heavy levels of CO2 gases in cities create thick smog and affect the natural ecosystem of the land. These concentrated levels of CO2 gases create a hostile environment for trees and plants, making it difficult for them to grow properly.
Knowing the benefits, Dr Klaus Lackner, Director of the Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy at Columbia University, came up with an innovative idea to reduce CO2 emissions in urban environments. Taking from his daughter's prize winning 8th grade science fair project, Dr Lackner designed a machine that would pull CO2 from the air. Lackner's daughter's project proved that CO2 could be extracted from the air by using a fish tank pump and a battery. Lackner took his daughter's idea further by designing his structure to act like a living tree.
Inspired by Dr Lackner's discovers, in Boston, MA, the Boston Treepod Initiative, developed by Mario Caceres and Christian Canonico of Influx_Studio from Paris France, in collaboration with ShiftBoston are proposing to use this environmental friendly technology to help curb CO2 gases in the city. By using biomimicry, or drawing inspiration from nature, Influx_Studio developed their tree-like structure to be powered by both solar and kinetic energy. Their artificial tree mimics what real trees do. It scrubs CO2 from the atmosphere and emits O2 and uses its own power to do so.
To make their design more appealing to the eye, the international team drew inspiration from the dragon blood tree. The dragon blood tree is a prehistoric looking tree that grows in arid, dry climates. It has wide branches that form umbrella looking tops that provide wide swatches of shade on the ground below. Influx_Studio chose the dragon blood precisely for this reason. They needed a wide platform that could hold the sizeable solar panels that they would need to help power the tree.
This young French team through trial and error realized that solar power would not be sufficient enough to fully power their trees. They decided that kinetic energy derived from human interaction would serve as an ancillary power source because of its simplicity. The team then concluded that by making their tree interactive it would beckon passersby to play with it. The Boston Treepods Initiative also proposed for the trees to be placed in groups or pods because this will increase their effectiveness. Joined together by see-saws and hammocks, the grouping of artificial trees instantly creates a small, but inviting urban park. As the hammocks and see-saws are used by visitors kinetic energy is created, thus helping power the CO2 extracting pumps.
If the city of Boston were to benefit from the Treepods, the concept could be easily and cheaply replicated in polluted cities all over the world. The Treepods could be exceptionally beneficial in cities where smog levels are so high that natural trees and plants have a difficult time growing in. Treepods could also be successful in creating a healthier environment for people and animals in and around the city. Respiratory illnesses would also most likely drop in numbers.
What other places do you think could benefit from Treepods? And what other types of air cleaning devices can you design? We'll keep an eye out for Treepods coming to a city corner near you!
Categories: Sustainability
Tags:,,,,
16 Responses to "TREEPODS Carbon-Scrubbing Artificial Trees for Boston City Streets"
 1. Jessica Says:
 Form following function at it's best. Who wouldn't want to add trees that are art to their backyard? Boston is a natural choice.
 2. Kindex Says:
 How come there's not a nobel prize for this guys?
 They could sell the idea to ONU, or something, to try this at world's most polluted cities – São Paulo being one of them – and share an technology that would, maybe, save the world sometimes.
 Beyond the fact, of course, that we would be marching to a sci-fi future hehe
 Loved it!
 3. Marcus Says:
 What amazing technology! I would love to see these in Boston and especially in LA where my three year old nephew is being raised. Great post, Liz!
 4. Paul Says:
 What kind of power do they require? I might have a solution other than kenitic. I will need specifications of amperage and voltage.
 5. Árboles sintéticos que captan CO2 para tranformarlo en Oxígeno Says:
 [...] Árboles sintéticos que captan CO2 para tranformarlo en Oxígeno… por igle hace 4 segundos [...]
 6. Armida Rosiak Says:
 Nice, been looking for what seems like an eternity.
 7. Ecover Looks At Air-Filtering TREEPODS For Urban Dwellers! | Ecoverus Blog Says:
 [...] Mario Caceres and Cristian Canonico created these beautiful and unique TREEPODS for the SHIFTboston urban intervention contest. The TREEPODS harness biomimicry to duplicate the carbon filtration that trees carry out. The [...]
 8. Jesus P. Las Marias Says:
 I am an advocate of rainwater harvesting (RWH) and artificial recharge systems (ARS) as a mitigating measures to the deleterious effects of deforestation. RWH gathers the rain for various purposes and ARS stores the rainwater in the aquifers to help prevent downstream flooding; the main function of trees' root systems. I suggest that apart from carbon sequestration, please include also these features in your artificial trees to approximate the function of trees. This way, a single unit of an artificial tree would help solve a lot of ecological problems brought by wanton destruction of our forests.
 And if you come up with the favorable design, may I request that the Philippines would be one of the first to test the prototype as we have been experiencing catastrophes as a result of massive rainfall and irresponsible cutting of trees.
 Thank you can best regards.
 9. Kent S. Kokko Says:
 As a chemist, I find the description of the treepods long on hyperbole and short on science. It is not apparent what becomes of the carbon dioxide. Is it reduced to carbon compounds and oxygen? Is it merely absorbed and sequested? THe explanation of "humidity swing" is meaningless.
 If the CO2 is merely absorbed ande not reduced, what is the purpose of the photovoltaics? Is the electricity used to drive pumps? Is the absorbed CO2 pumped to a caustic solution to convert it to carbonates?
 Is there really anything more to this than public sculptures lit with photovoltaics?
 10. Sensacional! Eu quero uma! « Jac Sanchotene Says:
 [...] Read our blog entry on Boston Treepods. [...]
 11. Welsch Théo Says:
 We are a french high school students group in scientific studies and we decided to eye the "Boston Treepods" system and its chemical reactions in a personal project.
 Unfortunatly, we couldn't found lots of details or references about the different components, consequently we can't really analyse it. We would like to know if someone could help us by telling us details about boston treepods.
 Thank you, in advance for the time you've spent looking at our request.
 12. Lauren Snelling Says:
 I am working with a team of producers to create an outdoor installation for a sustainable design event in Florida, USA in Jan 2014. We believe the intelligent TREEPODS would be a perfect contribution. Are you still working to create these structures for urban environments? Please send me cost and timeline estimates for creating, manufacturing, shipping and installing up to six Treepod structures. I understand these 'trees' are designed for permanent installation.
 Many thanks and all best,
 13. Elizabeth Tereshko Says:
 Dear Lauren,
 SHIFTboston does not sell or manufacture Treepods. We are simply an organization reporting on innovative designs local and international.
 14. Dr.Vidur Sahgal Says:
 I have been following this development ever since I saw a prototype tested in a stadium some years ago on TV. Can I please ask if you are ready to license the technology for production in India.
 CO2 to O2 without outside energy is an amazing invention. Hope


text:
USDA Farm to School Team Site Visit
Jefferson County Public Schools in
On May 25-26, 2010,
the USDA Farm to School Team met with Jefferson County Public Schools (JCPS)
Nutrition Services Department and their partners to learn, firsthand, about the
District's Farm to School efforts.
JCPS is a large, urban school district in Louisville,
Kentucky, that enrolls 98,000 students and serves over 61,000 lunches every day.
Approximately 62 percent of the students are eligible for free or
reduced-priced meals. The District's impressive Nutrition Service Center is a
68,000 square-foot warehouse and central kitchen, which is used to distribute
and prepare meals for the District's 144 schools. Every school has an
operational kitchen where meals are received from the central kitchen,
assembled, heated and served.
In 2007, JCPS kicked off their local purchasing initiative
by reaching out to an apple producer located approximately 20 miles from the
City of Louisville. They successfully made a single bulk purchase for enough
apples to serve one to each student in all 144 schools. Building on this
initial success, JCPS has increased the variety and volume of local food used in
the school nutrition programs; expanded Farm to School education programs; and
established a number of community and business partnerships.
Food service personnel value the strong working
relationships they have with distributors and local farmers. In addition to an
occasional bulk purchase of apples, the school district contracts with five
local produce distributors to fill regular orders placed by school kitchen
managers. In order to meet JCPS demand for local produce, the distributors
partner with local farmers. To help facilitate this process, the Kentucky
Department of Agriculture organizes an annual Grower-Buyer meeting to give
local farmers, school district personnel, distributors, and other key
stakeholders an opportunity to meet and discuss marketing opportunities.
with purchasing locally grown produce, agriculture and health education is an
important Farm to School component at JCPS.
Currently, there are approximately 70 school gardens in use by students from
kindergarten to grade 12. The garden programs receive grant support and
technical assistance from local nonprofits. The gardens are used for
educational programs, and on a very limited basis, students and teachers grow
cherry tomatoes and a variety of herbs to sample in the classroom. Starting in
the 2011-12 school year, JCPS plans to enlist multiple school gardens to grow
herbs (e.g., basil or rosemary) in order to scale-up production for use in the
school lunch program.
To supplement the
school garden program, JCPS offers students farm-based learning experiences in
partnership with a local nonprofit. Students involved with this program attend
daylong hands-on educational programs at a local farm. The programs support
curriculum standards set by the Kentucky Department of Education and incorporate
several subjects including science, language arts, practical living, social
studies, and math. Grant funds help offset program fees and transportation
costs. Based on lessons learned from initial farm trips, JCPS hopes to expand
this component in the years to come.
Julia Bauscher, the
District's School Nutrition Services Director, states, "Farm to School doesn't
have to be an all or nothing thing." Bauscher's realization embodies JCPS'
incremental approach to local food and also suggests that a small change, one or
two local products in a handful of schools, is a worthwhile practice. JCPS
staff and partners are committed to increasing access to fresh, healthy food and
helping students better understand where food
comes from. As a result, JCPS's Farm to School efforts are blossoming
throughout the district.


Bill Targets Overseas Fighters Prior To Departure And After Return
Bill Targets Overseas Fighters Prior To Departure And After Return
The Abbott authorities has now introduced the next tranche of its own national security alterations that the Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Foreign Fighters) Bill 2014 to the Senate.
As its name implies the Bill's main goal is perceived risks to Australia's security posed by "foreign fighters" Australians who participate in conflicts in overseas nations and might try to come home. This would heighten the dangers of a terrorist action on Australian land.
Particularly, the memorandum indicates that the "escalating terrorist scenario in Iraq and Syria poses a growing threat to the safety of Australians" and existing legislation doesn't adequately cover national dangers.
The Bill, through a collection of suggested changes to different Commonwealth functions, aims foreign fighters in 2 manners. It attempts to inhibit prospective fighters out of traveling overseas to combine conflicts.
Secondly, it places foreign fighters and people who've been in battle areas to a range of augmented controls upon their return to Australia.
Limits On Traveling Overseas
Individuals are restricted from traveling to overseas conflicts in two manners.
It empowers the minister for foreign affairs to suspend a individual's travel records in which ASIO suspects on reasonable grounds the individual "may leave Australia to participate in behavior that may prejudice the safety of Australia or a foreign nation".
Current laws permit a individual's passport to be cancelled in case ASIO suspects on reasonable grounds the individual "will be prone to engage in behavior that may prejudice the safety of Australia or a foreign nation".
These modifications adopt recommendations from the Independent National Security Monitor (INSLM), who proposed temporary suspension steps would facilitate the struggle for ASIO of finishing full security examinations on suspected people until they travel.
The suggested suspensions would prevent affected people from travelling to a significantly lower threshold than the present provisions.
However, the suspension will work for 14 days only. There's not any potential for renewal unless ASIO finds further info. Next, to stop somebody from travelling, an ASIO petition for their records to be cancelled, fulfilling the greater threshold necessary for thisparticular, is needed.
Second, the Bill empowers Customs officers to detain someone when they are feeling satisfied on reasonable grounds the individual "is, or will be very likely to be, involved in an activity that's a danger to national security or the safety of a foreign nation". This substantially widens present forces.
The Bill targets returning overseas fighters with three distinct kinds of management. It keeps the basic structure of the present offences, which criminalise involvement in "hostile action" in overseas countries and traveling abroad for this use.
But it slightly broadens the offences and considerably raises their greatest penalties. The designation electricity is broad. It permits the prescription of whole nations, or areas spanning a couple of states.
Additionally, it leaves individuals who might have travelled to specified areas for a variety of different reasons including seeing relatives, doing humanitarian aid work, or job official or journalistic responsibilities vulnerable to prosecution.
A comprehensive defence to the charge is where a individual's sole reason for seeing the designated place was to get a "legitimate purpose" for example the above mentioned explanations.
Nevertheless, this still puts the onus on people to meet an evidential burden which traveling was for a valid function. This leaves open the chance of certainty where a individual fails to discharge this burden, even when their journey was for a valid function.
The offence is very likely to have the chilling effect of discouraging people from traveling to specified areas, even if they don't have any intent of engaging in overseas conflicts.
Second, the Bill allows people who return to Australia after participating in "hostile actions" abroad to be subjected to control orders, like the ones levied on David Hicks and Jack Thomas.
Under the Bill's enlarged scheme, a management order could be applied for in which the AFP "supposes" on reasonable grounds that it could substantially help in preventing a terrorist action.
The needs of control orders could be invasive for example Thomas and Hicks were exposed to instantly curfews, reporting requirements and significant telephone and net limitations.
The growth of management orders was executed in response to information from law enforcement agencies that the current thresholds for program are overly onerous.
Other specialists have expressed an alternate view. As an example, the INSLM has explained control requests at the lack of criminal conviction as "not successful, not suitable and not mandatory".
Ultimately, the Bill amends several exemptions to permit for the cancellation of welfare payments for people whose passports or visas are cancelled or denied on national security reasons.
Mandatory cancellation of welfare will use where the attorney-general problems a optional security note about someone to the ministry for social services.
The Explanatory Memorandum says that the cancellation of welfare was made to occur just where denying welfare itself is suitable or justified on safety grounds. But, no such limitations emerge in the Bill itself. It confers a wide executive discretion to issue safety finds, without the obligation to supply reasons.
The Ideal Equilibrium?
The Bill adopts a selection of steps which make it hard and unpalatable for people to travel abroad to take part in conflicts. It imposes onerous effects on people who return to Australia.
The job remains to make sure that the ideal balance is struck. Many elements of this Bill, like the passport suspension periods, reach this, construction in protections that are recommended.
Others, particularly the new travel offences, are more intense, putting a significant burden on individuals who must see designated areas for benign motives.
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text:
The Educational Employees Credit Union (EECU) routing number is 311981614. Some banks or credit unions have more than one branch, which can make it difficult to know which routing number to use. Luckily, EECU has only one all-purpose routing number.
EECU was first known as the Fort Worth Teachers Credit Union. It's based in Fort Worth, Texas, and provides banking services for teachers and administrators.
What Is a Routing Number?
You could say that a bank account number identifies you. In the same vein, a routing number identifies your financial institution. Routing numbers are nine digits long and are needed for a variety of reasons, including:
- Transferring funds between banks;
- Sending or receiving a wire transfer;
- Setting up an electronic funds transfer (EFT);
- Requesting a direct deposit of your paychecks or government benefits.
- Outgoing domestic wire transfers: $20;
- Incoming domestic or international wire transfers: $15;
- International wire transfers: Varies.
Where Can You Find Your EECU Routing Number?
If you're familiar with writing a check, you can easily find the EECU routing number. Look at the first nine digits at the lower left-hand corner of your check, just below the memo field. Chances are you'll also need your bank account number, which is the next grouping of 10 numbers following the routing number. Once you have these two identifying numbers, you're ready to go.
If you don't have access to personal checks, you can always refer back here or visit the credit union's website. If you need your bank account number as well, contact EECU's customer service line at _PHONE_.
Want a FREE Credit Evaluation from Credit Saint?
A $19.95 Value, FREE!


We've been here before.
No, I am not referring to the recent failed bid of the Plaintiff in Salcedo to obtain a re-hearing or the Plaintiff in Glasser's soon-to-be-failed (I hope) bid for a re-hearing. I am referring to the awkward grammatical arguments advanced using sentences that are improperly phrased to prove an improbable definition of ATDS was intended by Congress.
When we last addressed the issue, you'll recall Gadelhak's counsel was urging the Seventh Circuit to rule in its favor because:
if a chef tells her prep-cook to "boil or dice the potatoes[,] using a knife," the cook knows he is not supposed to use a knife to boil the potatoes.
As I explained previously, however, that analogy actually worked the opposite way the Plaintiff intended. As I noted before the Gadelhak ruling:
The second big argument Plaintiff advances is that the word "store" is superfluous in the TCPA if the statutory definition is applied. In his view, "it does no work whatsoever because the hypothetical system already qualifies as an ATDS, given that it (A) produces numbers using a random or sequential number generator and (B) automatically dials those numbers." And the law hates statutory interpretations that make words superfluous. Again, there is an easy response—but let's focus on the tricky stuff. Let's use the potato example again.
In the potato example the chef tells the cook to take his pick—he can boil the potato or he can dice it. But if he dices it, he must use a knife.
How else can you dice a potato?
While the chef's instructions are grammatically incorrect for the reasons identified earlier, they also contain an unnecessary element—why include the word "with a knife" in the instruction at all? There is no other way to dice a potato.
The phrase "with a knife," therefore, is actually superfluous if we are focusing solely on dicing potatoes—there is no other way to do it. So the knife component of the instruction must –if we are interpreting the instruction like a statute—modify the "boil" component of the instruction. That is, the chef's instruction is literally that the cook must use a knife regardless of whether he is boiling or dicing the potato. Otherwise not only is the comma in the wrong place, the reference to the knife is wholly superfluous.
So the Plaintiff's big grammatical argument in Gadelhak actually backfires and compels a determination that the TCPA's ATDS definition requires random or sequential number generation regardless of whether the numbers are subsequently stored, or merely dialed immediately after being produced. Unsurprisingly that is just what the Seventh Circuit panel found.
But the Gadelhak Plaintiff is now, predictably, seeking a re-hearing of that ruling. Amusingly enough, featuring prominently in the petition are more poorly-constructed sentences that no one would ever actually say designed, apparently, to convince the Seventh Circuit to overturn one of the finest grammar-based appellate court decisions since Learned Hand. Read the petition–found here Rehearing petition — to enjoy such classic gibberish as:
 - "The surgeon sterilized and incised my elbow, using a scalpel."
 - "Baseball is a sport in which players throw or hit a ball, using a bat."
 - "This company manufactures and ships widgets, using the U.S. postal service."
 - "I have deduced that Mrs. Peacock either shot or bludgeoned Colonel Mustard in the Billiard Room, using the Candlestick."
In each of these examples, of course, the reader is supposed to conclude the last fragment of the statement modifies only one of two objects before the comma. But that conclusion is only empowered by the context andreally- by an assumption: that one of the two objects cannot be modified in the manner described in the sentence.
The Clue version is particularly appealing to this child of the 80s who can vividly recall solving motiveless haphazard murders enabled by a short deck of cards and a needlessly small manila envelope. Kind of dark actually.
Given the reliance on these tortured exemplars, I'm not sure this re-hearing bid has much of a shot. But stranger things have happened. We'll keep an eye on things for you.
For what its worth, Judge Hand once wrote:
There is no surer way to misread any document than to read it literally. … As nearly as we can, we must put ourselves in the place of those who uttered the words, and try to divine how they would have dealt with the unforeseen situation; and, although their words are by far the most decisive evidence of what they would have done, they are by no means final.
Make of it what you will.
The iA Case Law Tracker can help you keep up with new court decisions and conduct quick, incisive legal research in less time than it takes to pour your morning cup of coffee.
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text:
Purchase this article with an account.
Michelle R. Greene, Aude Oliva; Better to run than to hide: The time course of naturalistic scene decisions. Journal of Vision 2005;5(8):70. doi: 10.1167/5.8.70.
Download citation file:
© ARVO (_PHONE_); The Authors (2016-present)
The perceptual decisions we make during the course of the day engage automatic mechanisms of scene and place recognition: navigating through the environment, searching for an object, etc. However, studies of scene understanding have focused on scene classification; a task that may not reflect what we do in our daily lives. What is the perceptual efficiency of such decisions and to what degree do low-level image features correlate with these judgments? We have selected 3 dimensions that reflect common judgments made through environmental interactions: the degree to which things can be hidden (camouflaged) in a scene, how well one can navigate and the scene temperature. 500 outdoor images were chosen from a database of 5000 images to reflect membership along these dimensions. Images were ranked along each dimension. Subject agreement in ranks was good and around 100 images per dimension were found to be prototypical (low variance at dimension extremes). There was no correlation of image ranks between dimensions, suggesting that the features used or their complexity vary. The prototype images were run in a yes/no task for each dimension with variable presentation times between 20 and 80ms followed by a mask. We found a 15% performance advantage for temperature dimension over the other dimensions at 20ms that vanished by 60ms, suggesting that image features responsible for this task (e.g. color) are available earlier than properties related to the others. Detecting a navigational route had the steepest performance gain (28%) for increasing presentation times, indicating that the relevant features become massively available between 20 and 40ms. Correctly evaluating potentiality for camouflage requires more exposure time as it had a shallower gain over presentation times, indicating an even later availability of pertinent features. We show the extent to which low-level image features are correlated with the degree of temperature, navigation and temperature in a scene.
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Aurora reliable data
 1. Hello, I am working in an experiment proposal for a contest at CERN, and I need reliable data about the Polar Aurora.
 The experiment consist in using a T9 beam to produce radiation similar to the Sun's radiation and irradiate with it a capsule with gas in conditions as close as possible to the atmosphere at the altitude where Auroras happen.
 The problem is the part of "similar to the Sun's radiation", because I can't find reliable data, every source has different information.
 Firstly it seems that nobody agrees if the ions take part in the Aurora or if it's just the electrons.
 Secondly the speed of the electrons, some sources say it is c/10, others 1000 km/s, other 400 km/s.
 And finally nobody agrees about the red auroras, some sources say they occur way higher in the atmosphere that the green ones, others say they happen after the green ones, and some people say that it only depends on the gases that are there.
 I have searched a lot but all the good articles are very expensive, besides they are kind of old and I don't even know if they will have the information I need.
 The reason I need this information is because I want to know how many GeVs the beam has to produce and what kind of target do we need to hit in order to produce the radiation needed, I don't want too energetic particles but also I don't want particles not energetic enough.
 2. jcsd
 3. Bobbywhy
 Bobbywhy 1,908
 Gold Member
 Hi Frigorifico! You have raised some interesting but complicated issues. Some scientists spend their entire lives studying and learning about Aurora. There are still many unanswered questions, so your experiment proposal just may help answer some of them.
 You haven't created a public profile here on Physics Forums, so since I don't know your educational level all I can do is guess. The below Wiki article gives a fairly good introductory overview of Aurora. I suggest you start with it:
 Now, as for the solar wind that is believed to cause the aurora, here is an excellent source to learn from: Kinetic Physics of the Solar Corona and Solar Wind, by Eckard Marsch at
 For a more in-depth study, here is a list you may find useful:
 4. Thanks Bobbywhy, I haven't seen the benefits of having a public profile, but now that you mention it I probably will make it public.
 Also thanks for the links, they seem very trustworthy.
 Could you please tell me some of those unanswered questions?, I think maybe I could focus my proposal a little bit more on how to answer some of them.
 5. Bobbywhy
 Bobbywhy 1,908
 Gold Member
 Are you referring to only visible emissions from the Aurora, or do you intend to include the radio frequency emissions as well? What about infrared, ultraviolet, and X-ray emissions?
 In a solar magnetic storm, a large number of protons and electrons is energized and pushed earthward from the long tail of the Earth's magnetic field. These electrons and protons (plasma) interact with the earth's magnetosphere. The electric currents that result produce the aurora.
 Both the Aurora and the Solar wind are types of plasma. Their interaction is governed by the laws of Magneteohydronamics (MHD). Auroras are now known to be caused by the collision of electrons, found in the magnetosphere, with atoms in the Earth's upper atmosphere (at altitudes above 80 km). These electrons are typically energized to levels between 1 thousand and 15 thousand electronvolts, far more than enough energy to ionize (elevate to excited states) atoms of air molecules such as oxygen and nitrogen. When atoms transition back to their ground (relaxed) states they emit visible light characteristic of the atoms. Some O+ ions ("conics") are accelerated by plasma waves in directions mainly perpendicular to the field lines. Both positive ions and negative electrons take some part in the Aurora.
 Operating the CERN T9 beam in the negative beam mode the fraction of electrons can be as high as 80% at 0.5 GeV/c but drops to ~5% at 5 GeV/c, for the electron enriched target. Are these momenta suitable to simulate the Auroral excitation modes?
 Students need to first register by the end of January, then submit a proposal for a research project to be conducted at the beam line by the end of March. Today, 22 March, seems a bit late to be so far away from a proposal.
 The first ionization energy of Nitrogen is 14.5 ev and of Oxygen is 13.6 ev.
 Very high in the ionosphere (above 180 miles), oxygen is the most common atom. The incoming energetic charged particles raise most of the oxygen atoms to their first excited state, creating the rare red (630.0 nm ) aurora. The strong yellowish-green light which is most common in auroras, is produced by excitation of oxygen atoms to their second excited state (557.7 nm) at a lower altitude, between 60 and 180 miles. Around 60 miles, oxygen atoms are few and nitrogen molecules produce a red light that often seems to form the lower fringes on Auroral curtains. Other colors appear, especially those emitted by atomic and molecular nitrogen (blue and purple), respectively.
 You need to decide if the CERN T9 beam will be an appropriate simulator of the Auroral process. There may be far simpler and less expensive ways to perform your experiment.
 As for unexplained Auroral mechanisms, no good explanations exists as yet for "poleward arcs" stretching sunward across the polar cap, the related "theta aurora", and "dayside arcs" near noon. These are relatively infrequent and poorly understood. Also other effects such as flickering aurora, "black aurora" and sub visual red arcs need explanations. In addition to all these, a weak glow (often deep red) has been observed around the two polar cusps, the "funnels" of field lines separating the ones that close on the day side of Earth from lines swept into the tail. The cusps allow a small amount of solar wind to reach the top of the atmosphere, producing an Auroral glow. Since solar activity is directly connected to our global climate, a more thorough understanding of the interaction between the solar wind and the earth's magnetosphere.
 Some of the data above was taken from "The Exploration of the Earth's Magnetosphere" at and "Plasma Universe" at
 3 people like this.
 6. mfb
 Staff: Mentor
 The CERN beam is nice for GeV protons, muons, pions and so on, but if you want fast electrons there are easier sources (beta decays, or direct electron beams). Low-energetic protons (sub-MeV to ~25 MeV) are available elsewhere, too.
 If you want to mimic the upper atmosphere, you need a very low gas density - probably so low that it will be hard to see any aurora effects within your small volume.
 7. As someone who sees his fair share of northern lights I can tell you that green is the most common. When red colors appear, they are always above the green. The winter of 2013-2014 has had very poor aurora showing, compared with prior years. I usually get my aurora forecast from Alaska Weather Watch - Astronomy, but that site pulls its information from NOAA's OVATION Aurora.
 The University of Alaska at Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute is another good source for aurora information.
 As I understand it, the green color is produced by exited oxygen ~60 miles up. The less common red color is also produced by oxygen, but ~200 miles up. Nitrogen produces blue or purple and is very rare. I have never seen a blue or purple aurora in the 23 years I have lived in Alaska. I cannot tell you if they are composed of protons or ions, all I know is that they are "charged particles," a plasma. So it could be either, or both. As to their speed, that depends on the speed of the Coronal Mass Ejection that produces the aurora. CME speeds vary from 20 km/s to 3,200 km/s with an average speed of 489 km/s.
 davenn likes this.
 8. Dotini
 Dotini 705
 Gold Member
 Some new experiments, both in the lab and in space, have come along to add to this knowledge. Magnetic energy is seen to be converted to particle energy over spatial scales that greatly exceed previous theories and simulations. Theta aurora appears to be explained. The MMS mission is now underway to expand this knowledge.
 Illustration of the Earth's magnetosphere showing it complexity. The Theta Aurora are now confidently linked to magnetic reconnection events in the lobes of the magnetotail. (Credit: NASA)
 The science paper explains that what was previously observed by only lower altitude spacecraft was captured by Cluster within the magnetotail lobes. The southerly lobe's plasma – ionized particles – was very energetic. The measurements revealed that the southern lobe of the magnetotail was acting as a bottle and the particles were bouncing between twomagnetic mirrors, that is, the lobes were close due to reconnection. The particles were highly energetic.
 Last edited: Mar 17, 2015
Have


text:
Why can you flush toilet paper
Wet toilet paper: this is why you shouldn't use it
Moist toilet tissues, also called moist toilet paper, consist of a non-woven fabric that has been provided with a lotion. One in four uses them. There are four reasons why you shouldn't do it.
Wet wipes are useful, after all, they clean everything well after a bowel movement. But most of them think wrong there.
1. Moist toilet paper does not dissolve
Many packaging of single-use textiles was and still is stated that they can be flushed. Consumers wrongly assume that they are allowed to flush the products down the toilet and that they dissolve within a short time. However, this is not the case. Damp toilet paper often consists of robust textile fibers that do not decompose in water. Instead, the scarves are linked to form thick braids, as in London, for example.
It is also important that you flush your lines regularly. This is possible, for example, if you do not only use the water-saving button on your toilet or if you switch off the water-saving function of your devices for a short time, advises Stephan Natz, press spokesman for Berliner Wasserbetriebe, t-online.de. With this you support that the residues in the sewer system can be flushed more easily and quickly to the sewage plant.
It's not just damp toilet paper that is a problem for the sewer system. All disposable textiles or nonwovens such as cosmetic tissues, baby wipes or dusters do not dissolve on their way to the sewage treatment plant.
2. Wet wipes cost twice
Consumers are not only asked to pay for the purchase of the product. Since the wet wipes do not dissolve in the sewage, they clog the sewer pipes and pumps. The specialists then have to carry out appropriate cleaning and repairs of the machines and components of the sewer system by hand. This causes costs that will sooner or later be passed on to the wastewater fee for consumers.
3. Damp toilet paper is unhealthy
So that damp toilet paper has its cleaning effect, it is moistened with a lotion that smells pleasant and leaves a feeling of cleanliness after use. To achieve this, wet wipes have a more intensive cleaning effect than normal soap. Some manufacturers use ingredients that are questionable in some cases:
Parabens: Many wet wipes contain parabens. They increase the durability of the wipes, but can also have a negative effect on the human hormonal balance, the nerves or the glands.
Surfactants: The lotion on the wet wipes consists of various substances that remain mixed with the help of surfactants. Surfactants help with cleaning, but can also change the healthy pH value of the skin and thus damage the natural protective layer of the skin and the mucous membranes. The result: the treated parts of the body become more susceptible to bacteria and fungi - infections and eczema are threatened.
alcohol: The disinfecting alcohol that is part of some intimate cleansing wipes can also damage the skin - especially if it contains more than three percent. Then alcohol has a cell-damaging effect.
Fragrances: The fragrances contained can trigger allergies or irritate the skin strongly instead of caring for it - this also applies to normal toilet paper with fragrances.
Prof. Dr. Alexander Herold, visceral surgeon and proctologist at the End and Colon Center Mannheim, recommends normal toilet paper or water for cleaning after a bowel movement. If necessary, you can also combine both, says Prof. Herold. He is not aware that industrially produced, damp toilet paper could prevent potential diseases, he tells t-online.de.
If you would like to continue using damp toilet paper, dispose of the used wipes in the residual waste. Alternatively, you can use self-made sprays and lotions that are sprayed onto the paper.
4. Moist toilet paper is too expensive
Industrially produced, moist toilet tissues are very costly in view of the composition and the useful life. With few resources and little effort you can make this paper yourself. You need:
- high quality toilet paper
- Baby oil
- Baby soap or pH neutral soap
- distilled water
- Box with lid for storage
Place the wipes one at a time in the box. Mix the liquids together and then pour them over the towels.
The self-made wet wipes can be kept for about a week. Then the ingredients may tip over and start to smell unpleasant. You can use coconut oil instead of baby oil and soap.
"Water is more hygienic than toilet paper. The best way to clean it is to use a seat washbasin", advises Andreas Braun, Department of Sanitary Technology at the Central Association of Sanitary, Heating, and Air Conditioning, t-online.de.
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text: The Cryogenian was a time of climatic extremes, with two extended and severe global glaciations bracketing hothouse conditions. The effect of these extreme climate conditions on ocean chemistry and the marine biosphere remain poorly understood. Most of the previous studies of the fossil record from this interval focus on benthic organisms, with few examples of organisms with an inferred planktonic lifestyle and no firm evidence for photosynthetic organisms. Here, we present helically coiled, straight, and curved fossils composed of fine crystalline or framboidal pyrite in limestone samples from the Ikiakpuk formation of Arctic Alaska. These structures are morphologically identical to fossils of Obruchevella, a cyanobacterial form genus reported in pre-Sturtian and post-Marinoan strata, but not in deposits from the Cryogenian non-glacial interlude. We interpret fossils of the Ikiakpuk formation as planktonic cyanobacteria based on their morphology, which is identical to that of some modern planktonic cyanobacteria. Further evidence for a planktonic lifestyle comes from the preservation of these pyritized fossils in deep-water facies that lack evidence of microbial lamination. They provide the first direct evidence for bacterial primary productivity in the pelagic realm during the Cryogenian non-glacial interlude.


text:
UHF Antenna Booster
UHF antenna booster can be used for better reception, especially when you're far from TV station / relay transmitter. This UHF antenna booster works in 400-850 MHz range. Here is the circuit diagram of the UHF antenna booster:
The circuit use only one transistor, but it gives you 10 to 15 dB amplification, enough for many situation. The most important part is that the transistor circuitry should be shielded from the input circuitry, as shown in the schematic diagram by the dashed line. This ircuit is powered via the signal cable, since the antenna booster circuit must be wired as close as possible to the antenna. This is very important since the amplifier should amplify the signal acquired by the antenna, not the noise picked by the cable from the antenna to the circuit. The antenna and the booster circuit can be installed above your house's roof. Long 75 ohm coaxial cable can be drawn from the this booster circuit output to the power supply unit close to TV set.
Just insert a 50-10o uH inductor or RF choke between the output cable and the power supply. Tap the output signal from the output cable using a small 100pF ceramic capacitor to block the DC voltage from the power supply. Adjust P1 to get the best reception, and this should set the working current consumption to around 5-15 mA.


text:
Coal in the Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale of Cretaceous age has traditionally been mined by underground techniques in the Emery Coal Field in the southern end of Castle Valley in east-central Utah. However, approximately 99 million tons are recoverable by surface mining. Ground water in the Ferron is the sole source of supply for the town of Emery, but the aquifer is essentially untapped outside the Emery area. The Ferron Sandstone Member crops out along the eastern edge of Castle Valley and generally dips 2" to 10" to the northwest beneath the surface. Sandstones in the Ferron are enclosed between relatively impermeable shale in the Tununk and Blue Gate Members of the Mancos Shale. Along the outcrop, the Ferron ranges in thickness from about 80 feet in the northern part of Castle Valley to 850 feet in the southern part. The Ferron also generally thickens in the subsurface downdip from the outcrop. Records from wells and test holes indicate that the full thickness of the Ferron is saturated with water in most areas downdip from the outcrop area. Tests in the Emery area indicate that transmissivity of the Ferron sandstone aquifer ranges from about 200 to 700 feet squared per day where the Ferron is fully saturated. Aquifer transmissivity is greatest near the Paradise Valley-- Joes Valley fault system where permeability has been increased by fracturing. Storage coefficient ranges from about 10^-6 to 10^-3 where the Ferron sandstone aquifer is confined and probably averages 5 x 10^-2 where in is unconfined.
Lines, Gregory C.; Morrissey, Daniel J.; Ryer, Thomas A.; Fuller, Richard H.; and U.S. Geological Survey, "Hydrology of the Ferron Sandstone Aquifer and Effects of Proposed Surface-Coal Mining in Castle Valley, Utah" (1981). All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository). Paper 567.


text:
Boards and Institutional Diversity: Missed Opportunities, Points of Leverage
Since the financial crisis of 2008, board agendas have been dominated by financial and enrollment concerns. Yet boards can also play a key role in addressing issues of diversity, equity and inclusion on campus.
Given the many points of leverage they can apply, boards are uniquely positioned to advance change in ways other institutional stakeholders cannot. This paper explores how boards and institutional leaders can forge a tighter link between governance and campus diversity, one that leads to positive progress on a difficult and nuanced set of issues.
The authors based their report on personal observations and a detailed examination of the literature on board governance and campus diversity.


text:
If sugar quotas were eliminated, and American consumers and business had been able to purchase 100% their sugar in 2009 at the world price in 2009 (average of 22.1 cents per pound) instead of the average U.S. price of 38.1 cents, they would have saved almost $2.5 billion. In other words, forcing Americans to pay 38.1 cents for inefficiently produced beet sugar instead of 22.1 cents for efficiently produced cane sugar, costs Americans an additional 16 cents per pound for the 15.4 billion pounds of American sugar produced annually, which translates to almost $2.5 billion. (Note: This is an estimate based on the assumptions that: a) the amount of sugar consumed in the U.S. and b) world prices, wouldn't change.)
Bottom Line: The cost of most trade protection is largely invisible and hard to calculate, but the cost of sugar protection is directly visible and measurable, since the USDA and the futures markets regularly report prices for both high-cost domestic sugar and low-cost world sugar. Like all protection, sugar tariffs exist to protect an inefficient domestic industry (sugar beet farmers) from more efficient foreign producers (cane sugar farmers), and come at the expense of the U.S. consumers and the American companies using sugar as an input, and make our country worse off, on net.


text:
LINE-COMMENT : MEXPRLINE-COMMENT is a top-level command.
Attach a comment to a given existing line.
The comment will be parsed for gwffs and line numbers
as follows: anything enclosed in # symbols is assumed to
be a gwff, and anything enclosed in $ symbols is assumed
to be the number of an existing line. Line numbers in
comments will be updated as lines are moved around;
gwffs will be printed in the current STYLE.
"1st copy of line $5$, instantiated with _TAG_#"
"2nd copy of line $5$, instantiated with ITERATE"
"3rd copy of line $5$, instantiated with _TAG_ OR b#"
(The first prints the definition of COMPOSE; the
second prints the word "ITERATE", and the third prints
the given gwff. If line 5 is subsequently renumbered,
the line number will change in all these comments.)
The command format for LINE-COMMENT is:
LINE-COMMENT LINE COMMENT
The arguments have the following meaning:
LINE : Line
COMMENT : Comment
TPS documentation homepage


text:
Women of Color & Feminism
A brilliant piece of work that combines historical examples with personal anecdotes to explain the dilemma many women of color face—societal burdens and cultural expectations in addition to hostility towards their feminist views. Rojas uses facts to support her analyses and portray the experiences of ethic minority feminists. Feminism, as with any other social topic, is based on experience and interaction of people. And thus there is a certain human factor that comprehension of the topic can only be attained through experience. Rojas gives the reader a crash course on the "crossroads" of being a woman of color and a feminist. While a woman of color and a feminist share the commonality of both being women, Rojas highlights the sharp differences and difficulties that come with both. Invaluable to anyone wishing to learn more about cultures, feminism, or both. It truly teaches the reader something important and life-relevant. It is a book that can impact many lives and guide many minds.
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Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance
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Quality Assurance
Further to calibration (measurement of sensitivity), the function of the twilite can be tested using a long (e.g. multiple of 3 to 5 times the tracer half-life) acquisition of a fixed activity solution (e.g. 5 MBq/ml for 0.58 mm ID catheter as used in rats, 2 MBq/ml for 1 mm ID as typically used in humans).
Using the PSAMPLE Correction tool, the data from the long acquisition can be loaded in the Correction tab. After subtraction of the background counts using the Offset: Enter method (enter the background counts calculated during calibration), apply Decay Correction with the appropriate isotope half time. The resulting Corrected & Calibrated [kBq/cc] (green squares) should be a linear, horizontal, line. Application of the Calibration factor and Branching Ratio correction is not necessary.
Additionally, a single exponential function can be fitted to the non-decay corrected data using the PKIN tool (if licensed). The half time of the exponential should match the isotope half-life (in minutes).
Turn off Decay Correction, and use the Kinetic Modeling button to open the TAC export dialog. Send the curve to the PKIN tool using the Send [SET] button (or Send [ADD] if other projects are already open in PKIN).
PKIN opens on the Blood tab. Select the 3 Exponentials model from the list, deactivate the second and third exponentials (uncheck Amplitude 2/3 and Halftime 2/3, set Amplitude 2/3 to zero), and enter a reasonable starting value for Halftime 1 (e.g. 100 minutes for F-18). Ensure that Delay and Begin are set to zero. Activate Fit whole blood to fit the model.
Once fitted, the resulting model curve can be highlighted by clicking the Whole blood model button in the legend below the plot window.
Amplitude 1 represents the starting average counts, and Halftime 1 should closely match the half-life of the isotope used in the measurements.
Sources of error include:
1.Inaccurate definition of the background in Offset: Enter. Determine the background counts from a calibration or simple background measurement shortly before the long decay acquisition.
2.Excessive starting activity (the twilite is linear, with deviation < 1 %, up to 6,000 counts/sec coincidences). If initial coincidences are above this threshold, stop the acquisition and restart after a suitable delay.
3.Continuing to acquire data after reaching the background level (flattening of the data curve tail). Resampling in the PSAMPLE Correction tool can be used to remove the tail using Remove Sampling Segment and an appropriate time window.


text:
Registering for Newsela allows you to create classes, assign articles, and track your students' progress.
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Option 1: Sign up with Newsela.
a. Enter your first and last name, email address, and a password.
b. Click Get Started.
Option 2: Sign up with Google.
a. Click Sign up with Google.
b. Log in to your Google account if you aren't already logged in.
c. Click Allow on the Google authentication page.
- Choose Homeschool Teacher under What's your role?.
- Choose a country under Where are you from?.
- Enter your zip code.
- Click Finish.
- Verify your email address to begin using Newsela. To change your email address or if you need another verification email, use the links on the verification page.


text:
Polyurethane and Acrylic Soil Stabilization
This extremely specialized field, chemical grouts are used to fill voids, stabilize soil, and create sub-grade grout barriers below roadways, in earthen dams, coastal seawalls, underground vaults and tunnel boring operations. A major advantage of chemical grouting is the ability to strengthen existing soils without the need for excavation or disruption of facility operations. As the popularity of trench less technology continues to grow, engineers and contractors are finding that they can use chemical grout to solve a multitude of problems caused by poor soil or excessive water conditions.
Arid Restoration Technologies uses products for both permeation and compaction grouting operations. Permeation grouting saturates the soil with an extremely low viscosity resin (Prime Flex 910 injected neat, AR 800 or Hydro Gel SX mixed with water). Compaction grouting results from injecting a two component, rapid set, highly expansive structural foam (Prime Flex 985 series) which fills voids and compacts soil by its expansive pressure.


text:
On_Culture: The Open Journal for the Study of Culture
Year of publication
This essay reflects on queer environmental ethics by delving into the artistic practice of the photographer David Benjamin Sherry (born 1974). In his series "Climate Vortex Sutra" (2014), consisting of 31 photographs, geological phenomena such as rock formations and panoramic landscape photography of national parks of the American West are presented next to photographs of animals and human beings. The combination of different subjects together with the hyperreal color and saturation act as a performative strategy in the process of reception that entails anticipatory and transformative potentialities, thus empowering my ecologically queer reading. With this oppositional reading strategy, I want to put queer studies and art history into dialogue with environmental studies to address the following question: To what extent does Climate Vortex Sutra deal not only with questions of climate change and environmental destruction but also with the heteronormative history of American landscape photography? I argue it is through the strategic act of resignification that Sherry's photographs intervene in the Western American landscape tradition along with its androand heterocentric power relations between gender, sexuality, desire, and nature. In addition, "Climate Vortex Sutra" can be read a 'silent protest' against climate change in and environmental destruction of America's Western national parks. Equipped with an 'eco-queer sensibility,' Sherry's photographs ask for environmental ethics in which agency is understood as a product of (inter-)connectivity between humans, animals, and other (non-human and non-animal) materiality.
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Check scaling of SOS filter
s = scalecheck(hd,pnorm)
s = scalecheck(hs,pnorm)
s = scalecheck(hs,pnorm,Name,Value)
s = scalecheck(hd,pnorm) checks the scaling second-order section (SOS) dfilt filter object hd.
s = scalecheck(hs,pnorm) checks the scaling of the filter System object™ hs.
s = scalecheck(hs,pnorm,Name,Value) checks the scaling of the filter System object hs with additional options specified by one or more Name,Value pair arguments.
Input Arguments
collapse all
Discrete-time dfilt.df1sos, dfilt.df2tsos, dfilt.df2sos, or dfilt.df1tsosfilter object.
dsp.BiquadFilter filter System object.
pnorm — Different types of norm:'l1' | 'l2' | 'linf' | 'L1' | 'L2' | 'Linf'
Discrete-time-domain norm or a frequency-domain norm.
Valid time-domain norm values for pnorm are 'l1', 'l2', and 'linf'. Valid frequency-domain norm values are 'L1', 'L2', and 'Linf'. The 'L2' norm is equal to the 'l2' norm (by Parseval's theorem), but this equivalency does not hold for other norms — 'l1' is not the same as 'L1' and 'Linf' is not the same as 'linf'.
Name-Value Pair Arguments
'Arithmetic' — Value type:'double' |'single' | 'fixed'
For filter System object inputs only, specify the arithmetic used during analysis. When you specify 'double' or'single', the function performs doubleor single-precision analysis. When you specify 'fixed', the arithmetic changes depending on the setting of the CoefficientDataType property and whether the System object is locked or unlocked.
 Details for Fixed-Point Arithmetic
When you do not specify the arithmetic, the function uses double-precision arithmetic if the filter System object is in an unlocked state. If the System object is locked, the function performs analysis based on the locked input data type.
Output Arguments
Filter scaling for a given p-norm. An optimally scaled filter has partial norms equal to one. In such cases, s contains all ones.
For direct-form I (dfilt.df1sos) and direct-form II transposed (dfilt.df2tsos) filters, the function returns the p-norm of the filter computed from the filter input to the output of each second-order section. Therefore, the number of elements in s is one less than the number of sections in the filter. This p-norm computation does not include the trailing scale value of the filter, which you can find by entering hd.scalevalue(end) at the MATLAB prompt.
For direct-form II (dfilt.df2sos) and direct-form I transposed (dfilt.df1tsos) filters, the function returns a row vector whose elements contain the p-norm from the filter input to the input of the recursive part of each second-order section. This computation of the p-norm corresponds to the input to the multipliers in these filter structures. These inputs correspond to the locations in the signal flow where overflow should be avoided.
When hd has nontrivial scale values, that is, if any scale values are not equal to one, s is a two-row matrix, rather than a vector. The first row elements of s report the p-norm of the filter computed from the filter input to the output of each second-order section. The elements of the second row of s contain the p-norm computed from the input of the filter to the input of each scale value between the sections. For df2sos and df1tsos filter structures, the last numerator and the trailing scale value for the filter are not included when scalecheck checks the scaling.
Check the Linf-norm scaling of a filter.
% Create filter design specifications
hs = fdesign.lowpass;
hd = ellip(hs); % Design an elliptic sos filter
s = scalecheck(hd,'Linf')
In another form:
hd =
 FilterStructure: 'Direct-Form I, Second-Order Sections'
 Arithmetic: 'double'
 sosMatrix: [5x6 double]
 ScaleValues: [6x1 double]
 PersistentMemory: false
 States: [1x1 filtstates.dfiir]
1x1 struct array with no fields.
ans =
 0.7631 0.9627 0.9952 0.9994 1.0000
See Also
| | |
Introduced in R2011a
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More on gold mining
On the other hand, you should consider this strong critique of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) which Pacific Rim provided to the Salvadoran government for its El Dorado project. It concludes:
The public EIA review process is clearly lacking in openness and transparency. Only one printed copy of the EIA is available for public review (at the offices of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, MARN) within all of El Salvador. The public must review and submit written comments on this 1400 page document within a period of 10 working days. No photocopies or photographs of any part of the document may be made at MARN. As such, the present process is driven largely by the mining industry and the regulatory agencies, without the substantive input from civil society.
Basic data within this EIA are poorly organized and summarized making the public review process even more difficult. Ideally, a well organized and complete EIA would facilitate public involvement.
At present, the EIA process ensures that all of the sampling and test information is provided by the mining companies or their paid representatives. In order to promote public confidence in the process, independent sources of information need to be developed and encouraged.
Many of the environmental impacts routinely encountered at similar gold mining sites are being neglected, which generates uncertainty for the public and the regulators. This uncertainty is dealt with in the U.S.A. and Canada through the use of financial assurance requirements. Financial assurance issues are not discussed in this EIA.
The realistic costs for water as a commodity are neglected, which biases cost-benefit analyses. As a result, the public often argues that the poor are being required to subsidize the rich.
This EIA would not be acceptable to regulatory agencies in most developed countries.
The thirst for gold profits and the inability, or unwillingness, of the Salvadoran government to insist on environmental protections, make a conflict between corporate mining interests and the campesinos they impact, almost inevitable.
Anonymous said…
since the project does not meet _your_ standards for Env Imp Study, let's kill it!
and let the people continue unemployed! heck, who needs a salary, anyway? Let them eat cake!
Tim said…
Actually, I'd like them to eat food raised in their fields and fish caught in their rivers and streams which have not been polluted by mining operations. The number of people who could be negatively impacted may exceed those who get a job. The point is that Pacific Rim and the government have not done an adequate study to assess the costs and benefits and whether the harms can be appropriately minimized.
Anonymous said…
If the information in the excerpted segment accurately reflects the nature of the EIS, then it doesn't meet my standards, it wouldn't meet the standards of any project undertaken in an American community, and I don't see how it could meet anybody else's standards!
Anonymous said…
Who will actually make money from a gold mine? I'm guessing that the foreign company will make pretty good money. Some shareholders will make a little money, and some white collar workers will have a good salary. But what about Salvadorans? They will be paid almost nothing, like they do it in Brasil. AND as a bonus, their land and water is poisoned.
If they can figure out a way to do it right, then this would be great.
Anonymous said…
So according to anonymous1, it is okay to strip away the lands of the campesinos, have them unemployed, travel to the cities and contribute to the further impoverishment of the country.
By the way, what jobs do the mining companies offer that in the long run couldn't be substituted by machinery and specialist? Perhaps the job of bearers, coupled with crappy wages... So that is crappy wages+ water+polution+deforestation+cheap menial labor explotation+any other health hazards that "miners" suffer when working in bad conditions< farmers keeping their land and practicing, at the very least, subsistence farming.