text: Days gone by decade has seen a surge in the introduction of multidimensional infrared (IR) spectroscopy. frequencies. The tests of multidimensional IR spectroscopy are comparable to those long-established in neuro-scientific NMR spectroscopy. Unlike NMR spectroscopy which is normally limited to recognition of varieties interconverting on millisecond and slower timescales IR spectroscopy gets the benefit of an inherently fast sub-picosecond timescale that guarantees recognition of areas that quickly interconvert and allows direct dimension of fast structural and/or environmental fluctuations. IR spectroscopy can be thus Mouse monoclonal to HAUSP perfect for the analysis of condensed stage examples where structural and environmental fluctuations happen on extremely fast timescales. The mix of high temporal quality and bond-specific structural fine detail distinctively supplied by IR spectroscopy helps GANT61 it be a robust experimental strategy for the analysis of molecular framework and dynamics. The latest advancement of multidimensional IR spectroscopy offers positioned the techniques for software in a multitude of study areas in chemistry and biology. Several recent evaluations and texts present excellent comprehensive remedies of the idea and experimental areas of the techniques.1-8 This minireview offers a brief outline of the overall concepts experimental implementation and information available from two-dimensional (2D) IR spectroscopy one of the most prevalent multidimensional IR experiments. We 1st highlight latest representative research of 2D IR spectroscopy put GANT61 on little molecule systems to demonstrate the main spectral top features of 2D spectra and what they reveal about molecular framework and dynamics. We after that present example applications of 2D IR spectroscopy toward characterization of more technical systems such as for example appealing in natural and components chemistry. Our purpose is to provide only an example from the feasible applications of 2D IR spectroscopy to communicate its advantages of addressing queries in chemistry and biology. Basic principles of 2D IR spectroscopy 2 IR spectroscopy actions the relationship among the frequencies from the vibrations of something and their period evolution. The test involves software of an IR pulse series that labels the machine with its preliminary frequencies allows the machine to evolve and reads out the ultimate frequencies. One axis of the 2D range describes preliminary excited frequencies as the orthogonal axis affiliates these frequencies with the ultimate detected frequencies. The easiest case of the 2D spectral range of an individual vibrational setting illustrates the excess information obtainable from the next dimension. In the normal situation how the laser bandwidth includes both 0-1 and 1-2 changeover frequencies an GANT61 individual vibrational setting leads to a set of rings of opposite register a 2D range (for instance discover Fig. 1). Both from the rings appear along the original excitation axis in the rate of recurrence from the 0-1 changeover because they occur through the excitation of a short ground state human population. Along the recognition axis one music group arises in the 0-1 rate of recurrence due to a combined mix of activated emission and floor state population decrease while the additional arises in the 1-2 rate of recurrence because of further excitation of the populace in the 1st excited state. Therefore a 2D IR spectral range of an individual vibrational setting provides information regarding the relationship between its preliminary and last frequencies – in this type of example between your preliminary 0-1 changeover rate of recurrence and both 0-1 as well as the 1-2 changeover frequencies from the same setting. Shape 1 Simulated example 2D IR spectra and schematic illustrating 2D IR experimental pulse timing recognition and geometry. Adapted with authorization from Zheng caused by conformational adjustments or chemical substance reactions). In such cases cross-bands occur inside a 2D range in the frequencies from the different conditions or chemical varieties if indeed they interchange within enough time of preliminary excitation and enough time of recognition in the acquisition of a 2D range. The cross-bands because of such exchange procedures grow in strength over time for the timescale of environmentally friendly fluctuation or chemical substance interconversion. In lots of situations the various interconverting species usually do not lead to specific rings but rather express as an inhomogeneously broadened music group. 2D IR spectroscopy may be GANT61 used to measure the advancement of the frequencies known as spectral diffusion. Than specific cross-bands the rather.


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Pensions were one of the great inventions of the past century. Now the European Central Bank (ECB) has issued a 'wake-up call' on the affordability issues that lie ahead.
The reason is very simple. As we note in 'Boom, Gloom and the New Normal', pensions were introduced first introduced in Germany in 1889, and then in the UK in 1908. The idea was to provide a small amount of money to a small number of people for a small period of time:
- Life expectancy then was 30 years lower than today
- Pensions only went to those who lived 20 years longer than average
Since then, we have failed to index pension age to rising life expectancy. In addition, Westerners have come to assume that pensions are a 'universal right'. We forget that younger people will have to pay the bill for this dramatic increase in costs.
The ECB's report summarises the result. It calculates state-funded pension obligations in 19 EU countries where sufficient data exists:
- They have combined obligations of €30trn ($39trn)
- By comparison, total EU GDP in 2010 was only $12trn
The ECB is not supposed to intervene in political issues. So it cannot publically state the obvious conclusion. But most people reading the report will be in no doubt about what this means. Put simply, future pensioners are most unlikely to actually receive the money that has been 'promised' to them. Younger generations cannot, and will not, afford to pay the bill.
In turn, this has enormous implications for the type and cost of the products and services that older people will require. Affordability will be the key criteria for them in future years, not 'value in use'.
Companies that grasp this challenge will not only help to cushion the transition for disappointed would-be pensioners. They will also build a robust platform for their own future growth.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Second quantization and atomic spontaneous emission inside one-dimensional photonic crystals via a quasinormal-modes approach.
PHYS REV E
, Article 056614. 10.1103/PhysRevE.70.056614.
An extension of the second quantization scheme based on the quasinormal-modes theory to one-dimensional photonic band gap (PBG) structures is discussed. Such structures, treated as-double open optical cavities. are studied as part of a compound closed system including the electromagnetic radiative external bath. The electromagnetic field inside the photonic crystal is successfully represented by a new class of modes called quasinormal modes. Starting from this representation we introduce the Feymnan's propagator to calculate the decay rate of a dipole inside a PBG structure. related to the density of modes,. in,the presence of the vacuum fluctuations outside the one-dimensional cavity.
|Title:||Second quantization and atomic spontaneous emission inside one-dimensional photonic crystals via a quasinormal-modes approach|
|Keywords:||2-COMPONENT EIGENFUNCTION EXPANSION, EXCESS SPONTANEOUS EMISSION, DAMPED HARMONIC-OSCILLATOR, HERMITIAN OPTICAL-SYSTEMS, BAND-GAP STRUCTURES, DIPOLE EMISSION, WAVE-EQUATION, FINITE, CAVITY, LOCALIZATION|
Archive Staff Only

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


From Age of Warscape Wiki
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Brahmism is both a religion and a social philosophy that revolves around the teachings and worship of Ohm'Brahman. Similar to the religion Judaism, Brahmism usually aims to have a society of complete order and peace amoungst all races. Those who follow Brahmism are known to be slightly pacifistic, and are known to believe that hatred and inequality are not something that should exist in the world. They are also known to never strike first or cause aggression, and only attack to defend themselves or others. This philosophy is normally practiced within Human societies.
Age of Warscape Ideologies


Object linking/extending
Is it possible to have some information from one object, and the rest from
another. Logically:
uid=foo, o=People, o=general
cn=John Hodrien
uid=foo, o=People, o=LinuxUsers
and link those objects such that the attributes from the first object are
pulled across to the second object on a query? Or can you point me in a
direction that I should look into as an alternative?
Cheers muchly,
 -- Anon.


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Bahrain is party to several international conventions pertaining to environmental issues. The Kuwait Regional Convention for Cooperation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution was enacted to help prevent, abate and combat pollution of the marine environment, to deal with pollution emergencies and to establish appropriate rules and procedures for the determination of civil liability and compensation for damage related to pollution of the marine environment. The Convention was adopted on April 24, 1978 and its date of entry into force was July 1, 1979.
Bahrain is also a party to the Agreement for the Establishment of a Commission For Controlling the Desert Locust in the Near East, adopted on July 2, 1965, and entered into force in Bahrain on February 24, 1969. The Agreement's objective is to promote national and international research and action to control the desert locust in the region.


upton, Polly Vizard, Amanda Fitzgerald, Ludovica Gambaro and Jack Cunliffe is available at
This is one of a series of papers produced as part of CASE's research programme Social Policy in a Cold Climate (SPCC). The research, concluding in 2015, examines the effects of the major economic and political changes in the UK since 2007, focusing on the distribution of wealth, poverty, inequality and social mobility.
Papers from the project are available as follows:
Analysis of the Coalition government 2010-2015
Analysis of the Labour government _PHONE_
WP01: Small Area Measures of Income Poverty, Alex Fenton
WP02: Labour's Record on Health, Polly Vizard and Polina Obolenskaya
WP03: Labour's Record on Education, Ruth Lupton
WP06: Labour's Record on Neighbourhood Renewal in England, Ruth Lupton


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Objective: To describe outcomes and identify variables associated with hospital and 1-year survival for patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Design: Prospective, multicenter, inception cohort study.
Setting: Forty-two ICUs at 40 US hospitals.
Patients: A total of 362 admissions for COPD exacerbation selected from the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III database of 17,440 ICU admissions.
Measurements and results: Hospital mortality for the 362 admissions was 24%. For the 167 patients aged 65 years or older, mortality was 30% at hospital discharge, 41% at 90 days, 47% at 180 days, and 59% at 1 year. Median survival for all patients was 224 days, and median survival for the patients who died within 1 year was 30.5 days. On multiple regression analysis, variables associated with hospital mortality included age, severity of respiratory and nonrespiratory organ system dysfunction, and hospital length of stay before ICU admission. Development of nonrespiratory organ system dysfunction was the major predictor of hospital mortality (60% of total explanatory power) and 180-day outcomes (54% of explanatory power). Respiratory physiological variables (respiratory rate, serum pH, PaCO2, PaO2, and alveolar-arterial difference in partial pressure of oxygen [PAO2-PaO2]) indicative of advanced dysfunction were more strongly associated with 180-day mortality rates (22% of explanatory power) than hospital death rates (4% of explanatory power). After controlling for severity of illness, mechanical ventilation at ICU admission was not associated with either hospital mortality or subsequent survival.
Conclusions: Patients with COPD admitted to an ICU for an acute exacerbation have a substantial hospital mortality (24%). For patients aged 65 years or older, mortality doubles in 1 year from 30% to 59%. Hospital and longer-term mortality is closely associated with development of nonrespiratory organ system dysfunction; severity of the underlying respiratory function substantially influences mortality following hospital discharge. The need for mechanical ventilation at ICU admission did not influence either shortor long-term outcomes. Physicians should be aware of these relationships when making treatment decisions or evaluating new therapies.


Quick Portrait Retouching
The experts can and do spend hours perfectly retouching the photos in magazines and advertisements. The rest of us are often just interested in basic techniques for fixing up for a friend's wedding photo or something like that. So here are some steps for quick photo retouching. Thanks to stock.xchng user varyamo for the image used in this example.
 1. Open the image in Photoshop and apply Curves if necessary.
 2. Duplicate your original layer and clone out any blemishes and distracting details.
 3. Duplicate the cloning layer and choose Filter > Blur > Surface Blur. I used a radius of 2 px and threshold of 30 here.
 4. On the surface blur layer, create a layer mask and fill it with black. On the layer mask, paint white with a soft paintbrush to reveal the areas of skin. Reduce surface blur layer opacity to 40% or whatever looks good.
 5. Create a merged copy of all of the layers below with the shortcut Cmd-Opt-Shift-E.
 6. Apply a localized sharpen by choosing Filter > Sharpen > Unsharp Mask. I used an amount of 500, radius of.3 and threshold of 6 for this image. Use a layer mask to hide any parts that become too sharp. (Steps 5 and 6 are tricks from Lynda.com instructor Chris Orwig—he's got some great retouching training videos in the Photoshop CS3 Portrait Retouching Techniques series.)
Tada! A quick and beautifully retouched image.


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How many nanomole/litre in 1 millimolar?
The answer is _PHONE_.
We assume you are converting between nanomole/litre and millimolar.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
nanomole/litre or millimolar
The SI derived unit for amount-of-substance concentration is the mole/cubic meter.
1 mole/cubic meter is equal to _PHONE_ nanomole/litre, or 1 millimolar.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between nanomoles/liter and millimolar.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
The SI prefix "milli" represents a factor of 10-3, or in exponential notation, 1E-3.
So 1 millimolar = 10-3 molar.
ConvertUnits.com provides an online conversion calculator for all types of measurement units. You can find metric conversion tables for SI units, as well as English units, currency, and other data. Type in unit symbols, abbreviations, or full names for units of length, area, mass, pressure, and other types. Examples include mm, inch, 100 kg, US fluid ounce, 6'3", 10 stone 4, cubic cm, metres squared, grams, moles, feet per second, and many more!
This page was loaded in 0.0039 seconds.


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A Virtual Based Tutorial For New Nursing Professionals
This research study presents the implementation of a virtual tutorial system for new Nursing professionals during their work placements, which is positively evaluated by the participants in terms of motivation, academic support, etc. Following this pilot experience, one can highlight the need and importance of continuing with the program so that it continues to respond to their needs in terms of student help and support. Similarly, the initiative aims to serve as a starting point for institutionalizing a virtualprogram of work placements for new nursing professionals, i.e. within the context of public health professionals.
New nursing professionals; ICTs on-line; tutoring; mentoring emotional support; educational technology.


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Abstracts for "Spatializing Sovereignty" are due tomorrow! Have you sent us your proposal yet? Remember that we are taking academic, activist, and artistic proposals, so send us your abstract and join what promises to be an engaging conversation at our fourth annual symposium!
March 4, 2016
While sovereignty is often defined in terms of the bounded nation-state, this symposium convenes to examine competing, overlapping, and "nested sovereignties" (Simpson 2014). How is the spatiality of sovereignty felt, practiced, embodied, inhabited, or imposed at various scales? We might consider how the thousands of missing and murdered Indigenous women in Canada and the U.S. lay bare logics of patriarchal white settler sovereignty, while ongoing state-sanctioned violence reveals that anti-Blackness is also constitutive of and central to securing the nation state. What might the controlling and blocking of Syrian refugee movement say about state sovereignty in this moment? Furthermore, transnational feminist scholars have continuously interrogated the relationship between regimes of debt and modes of sovereignty in the Global South. Movements resisting these forms of violence in turn show how the gendered and racialized body becomes a site at which sovereignty can be (re)articulated.
This symposium seeks explorations of how sovereignty is spatialized at all levels, from the power of mapping, to the affects and "erotics of sovereignty" (Rifkin 2012), to the praxis of sovereign polities. How do variously defined geographies determine the limitations and possibilities of sovereignty as concept, as process, and as discursive and political strategy?
Possible topics can include but are not limited to:
- Indigenous sovereignty and spatial justice
- Geographies of race and racialization
- Spatialization of affect and affective sovereignty
- Corporeal sovereignty and biopolitics
- Sovereignty, space, and disability
- Sovereignty in and through artistic, literary, and expressive cultures
- Transnational feminist theory and the sovereign
- Critical feminist, queer, and trans readings of sovereignty
- Bordering and colonialisms
- Neoliberal governance and state sovereignty
- Sovereignty and carceral power
- Sovereignty and sexuality, desire, and the erotic
- Climate justice, ecologies of space, and the anthropocene
- Urban regimes and the right to the city
Though we welcome submissions that deal generally with spatial theory, special consideration will be given to abstracts that engage this year's theme. We encourage abstracts from activists, artists, and academics at all stages of research, and will consider proposals of any format for 20-minute presentations (including conference papers, artist talks, art interventions, short film screenings, and activist report-backs). This symposium is committed to producing sustained conversations and a collaborative environment for scholars, artists, and activists whose work engages our society's interests in radical geography, spatial theory, and everyday life. Those interested may submit proposals of no more than 500 words _EMAIL_ by November 20, 2015. Presenters will be notified of their acceptance by December 15, 2015.
This year's symposium will be held at UC Berkeley on March 4, 2016 featuring two keynote addresses: Dr. Mishuana Goeman, associate professor of Gender Studies and American Indian Studies at UCLA, and Gelare Khoshgozaran, writer and multi-disciplinary artist.
Rifkin, Mark. (2012). The Erotics of Sovereignty: Queer Native Writing in the Era of Self-Determination. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Simpson, Audra. (2014). Mohawk Interruptus: Political Life Across the Borders of Settler States. Durham: Duke University Press.


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When someone is telling you a very long and detailed story he usually wants to hear some "confirmations" (or response) that you are listening to his story. In Russian we often use something like "tak" (which has a meaning of "ok" and "well, proceed further"), "a-ha" or "uh-huh".
What word serves the same purpose in English and American English?
share|improve this question
A lot of the time you'll hear people saying things like "ok", "uh-huh", "a-ha", etc.... :-) – Hellion Feb 21 '13 at 15:07
You may care to have a look at The Reticence of Lady Anne. – Brian Hooper Feb 21 '13 at 15:19
Japanese too has a special word for these: aizuchi. I think in English they would fall under the more general category of phatic expressions. – Robusto Feb 21 '13 at 16:42
3 Answers 3
up vote 9 down vote accepted
The use of such verbal and non-verbal markers has a name (backchannelling), and has been the subject of studies ( see ).
They form a subset of discourse (better, pragmatic) markers ( ), obviously of the 'oiling the wheels of discourse' variety - though they grade into replies containing semantic feedback ('I see!' 'Never!').
share|improve this answer
+1 I was sure there was a term for this, but couldn't find it by surfing Wikipedia -- thanks for this answer! – JAM Feb 21 '13 at 17:49
There are many words and noises that English speakers make to indicate that they're still listening. Yes, ya, uh-huh, m-hm, right, OK. Also nods and eye contact.
This subject is discussed a little more here. Look especially at:
 - Use encouraging words to show you are listening.
 - "Mmm, hmm"
 - "I see."
 - "Right."
 - "Uh, huh."
 - Use nonverbal actions to show you are listening.
 - relaxed posture
 - head-nodding
 - facial expression
 - relaxed body expression
 - eye contact
share|improve this answer
Thanks for your answer! What is the most common of them? – ezpresso Feb 21 '13 at 15:08
I would say that OK is probably the least common. If the story is going on and on, the listener probably wants to use a few vocalizations so that it doesn't get too monotonous. Yes and uh-huh are probably the most common, but I'm just basing that on my experience, not any formal research. – JAM Feb 21 '13 at 15:11
Though the eye contact and occasional nod convey interest more strongly than any of the verbal interjections. One can say "uh-huh" while being completely preoccupied with some other task. – dj18 Feb 21 '13 at 15:34
For a really animated story, "really?" and "wow!" are also more energetic fillers that match the enthusiasm of the speaker. :-) – Kristina Lopez Feb 21 '13 at 15:44
If you're looking to use this information in practical speech, then yeah and OK coupled with genuine and positive (but not over the top) body language is your best bet.
I think this, although simple and obvious, is certainly the most commonly used in informal conversation in Britain and equivalent to your talk example.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Use a virtual organization to borrow enough requisite variety to innovate in a data-rich world
Photo from Flickr, used with CC license. by
What can you do when your research team says, "This is way too complex."
When your government agency or university laboratory looks to innovate in a world where multiple/large data inputs are coming on line, how can you stay ahead of the inherent complexity of the systems you are creating/interrogating? One way to look at this problem is through Ashby's principle/law of requisite variety. A principle of cybernetic management, requisite variety notes that unless the control system has at least the variety of the environment it controls, it will fail. Which actually means that some part of the environment will be controlled elsewhere. Elsewhere is also where innovation happens; because unless you can corral the inherent variety of the problem you face, it will seem too complex for your team to innovate a response (Kofman [1]). You can either go out and hire a bigger team, or you can borrow enough requisite variety just long enough to bring your own team up to speed. That is a great use for a virtual organization (VO).
Theorists of knowledge management have applied Ashby's law in various modes, including a thread of interest in what is called a "learning organization" and mode of business communications management known as "systems thinking." [There is a great amount of information about this available at the Society for Organizational Learning] The point they make is that the team you build to tackle a tough problem needs to have enough of a portfolio of knowledge and skills to address all parts of the problem. Not only that, but they need to communicate their skills and knowledge to one another so that each team member shares in this collective intelligence. Andrew Van de Ven put it this way, "Requisite variety is more nearly achieved by making environmental scanning a responsibility of all unit members, and by recruiting personnel within the innovation unit who understand and have access to each of the key environmental stakeholder groups or issues that affect the innovation's development." (Van de Ven, 600).
Virtual organizations include online communities, research collaboratories, open source software programmer collectives, and other groups in a great variety of arenas and professions. What they offer is an open network of common interest and complementary talents. When your business or agency is looking to innovate in a world where data are more plentiful than insights (Abbott, 114) then it makes great sense, in terms of time and effort, to join a VO and gain enough requisite variety to conquer complexity and kickstart some innovation.
Abbott, Mark R. (2009) "A New Path for Science?" in The Fourth Paradigm: Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery. Hey, Tony, Stewart Tansley, and Kristin Tolle, eds. Pp. 111-116. Redmond: Microsoft Research.
Fred Kofman [1]
Van de Ven, Andrew H. (1986) "Central Problems in the Management of Innovation." Management Science. Vol. 32. No. 5. (May.) pp. 590-607.


Many of these tigers are kept in captivity or chained in cages of a zoo.
But there is a peculiar Buddhist temple in Thailand called the Tiger Temple, or Wat Pha Luang Ta Bua.
This temple in Kanchanaburi, Thailand has become a popular tourist destination for its uniqueness.
Tiger with a Buddhist Monk in Thailand
The tigers in this temple live peacefully with Buddhist monks.
The Buddhist monks feed them, tend to them and protect them from external dangers.
The monks believe that the tigers are reincarnations of ancient monks.
Hence, they are convinced of the fact that these tigers won't harm humans.
The monks encourage tourists to click intimate pictures with tigers.
Here, we can see a woman caressing a tiger on her lap.
A woman caresses a tiger
The cute tigers seem to be accustomed to human interaction.
Rather than acting like wild animals, they calmly allow humans to get rub their belly!
Man and Tiger in playful mood.
However, humans can interact with the tigers only for a couple of hours in a day.
These tigers are allowed to rest, roam and play with each other for most part of the day.
Many locals and foreigners volunteer to monitor the tigers and take care of the temple.
Tigers are huge creatures with an enormous appetite!
Hence, many people work together to ensure that these tigers are taken care of properly.
Income from tourists is used for the up-keep of the tiger temple.
The monks and volunteers share a deep sense of compassion towards these tigers.
While these tigers may never be able to go back to the wild, this tiger temple ensures that these beautiful creatures never fall prey to hunters and poachers.
This an an extraordinary reserve which defies all rules of the wild.
But the Thai monks at the tiger temple assert that they have dedicated their whole life for the conservation and protection of tigers.
Major efforts need to be taken for the conservation of this beautiful animal.
The world needs takes steps to improve the population of tigers.
Visitors Say Goodbye to a Tiger
Source for these tigers images:
Image 1, Image 2Image 3Image 4Image 5Image 6Image 7Image 8Image 9Image 10Image 11


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service can support these discussions.
Neither of these avenues will prevent you from going to the First Tier Tribunal (SENDisT) providing you register your objection to the statement within two months of getting the Final Statement. You can register your objections with the First Tier Tribunal (SENDisT) and still pursue other ways forward.
Most statements set out clearly what the child's needs are and what will be done to meet them. Some parents, however, do not realise they do not have a good enough statement until the time limit has passed and the child fails to make progress or is not getting the sort of provision the parent thought they would get. Local Authorities want to help your child succeed and will usually be very willing to talk through any concerns you may have.
Some of you will already have a statement and will be concerned about annual reviews. These are a legal requirement and should take place at least once a year. They should review progress against the targets in the statement and decide one of three things:
1. The child has attained all the targets and no longer requires a statement.
2. The child's needs have changed and the statement needs to be modified.
3. The child still needs the provision set out in the statement.
The annual review will recommend one of these to the local education authority. If the annual review recommends either that the statement should finish or that it should change the LA has to consider that and decide whether to do anything about it. If the LA decides to finish the statement they will tell the parents in writing and also tell them that they can appeal this through the tribunal as before.
If the LA decides to change the statement they will issue an amended statement and again they will tell the parents in writing that they can object to the statement and the amendments. If the LA decides to change the statement the whole statement can be appealed.
- The LA decides to change the statement by naming a different school.
- The parents don't want that school and they also want other changes to the statement based on new evidence. They may want a different type of school and they want equipment that has been recommended but not written into the new statement.
- The parents go to tribunal to appeal both to the school and to the fact that the recommended equipment has not been include in the amended statement.
However, if the LA takes the third course of action and decides not to amend the statement there is no way to go back to tribunal even if changes have been suggested and recommended to the LA. In 2009 it was suggested that the right to appeal about no change to the statement would be given to parents but to date (May 2010) this has not gone through.
In this case the parents would have to request a re-assessment to try to get the changes incorporated into a brand new statement.
APPENDIX A Sample letter
To LA Pupil Support Office
I am writing to request that you make a formal assessment/re-assessment of my son/daughter ………….. (state name and date of birth), who attends …………. (state - school or pre school group).
I understand that you have six weeks to consider my request and hope that the following will help you:
(Describe here any concerns and any reports you may have).
I believe these show that our child has needs over and above those usually met at this stage of education and that the LA will need to fully assess the extent of need in order to make adequate educational provision.
I expect to hear from you before ………….. (insert date six weeks and three working days from date of this letter). Should you decide not to assess I hope you will provide me with information to allow me to take my appeal to the First Tier Tribunal (SEN and Disabilities}.
I would also like to have the phone number and contact details of a parent partnership group that provides independent parental advice.
Statementing: further information
The following organisations may be useful in providing advice and information on all aspects of special education and statementing.
Advisory Centre for Education
Tel: 0808 _PHONE_ (Advice 2–5pm)
Fax: _PHONE_ 9069
(only for those that cannot access telephones due to a disability)
Offers guidance to parents and other on all aspects of school education. Various publications.
Tel: 0845 _PHONE_
Network 81 is a national network of parents working towards properly resourced inclusive education for children with special educational needs.
Alliance for Inclusive Education
Tel: _PHONE_ 6030
Fax: _PHONE_ 3828
Aims to end compulsory segregation of children with disabilities or learning difficulties from mainstream schools and communities. Membership, newsletter and publications.
Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education (CSIE)
Tel: 0117 _PHONE_
Fax: 0117 _PHONE_
CSIE works towards inclusive education for all children. It provides help and support for children who have disabilities or learning difficulties and who wish to remain in mainstream education.
Gabbitas Educational Consultants Ltd
Tel: _PHONE_ 0161
Fax: _PHONE_ 1764
GES produces a guide to special education needs education in the UK with details of over 2,000 educational establishments with provision for special needs.
Independent Panel for Special Education Advice
Tel: 0800 _PHONE_ (advice line) (Mon to Fri 10am – 4pm, plus Mon to Thurs evenings 7pm – 9pm)
Tribunal Help Line: 0845 _PHONE_ Mon, Wed and Thurs 10.00 – 1.00pm
Advice for parents which may include problems with LEA over assessment or statements and help with appealing to the Special Educational Needs Tribunal.
Parents Partnership Services
Parent Partnership Services (PPS) are statutory services offering information, advice and support to parents and carers of children and young people with special educational needs (SEN). PPS have a role in making sure that parents' views are heard and understood and that these views inform local policy and practice. For more information please have a look on their website or call them on or call on _PHONE_ 6058.
National Parent Partnership Network (NPPN) website: _URL_
Direct Gov Website
This website has update information about statementing, your local Parents Partnership Service and a booklet on SEN and resources related to special educational needs.
Improving the quality of statements of special educational needs: Good practice in writing statements
This is updated document (published in March 2010) on statements of special educational needs.
Contact Scope Response for information, advice and support on cerebral palsy and disability issues.
This information was last reviewed February 2011.
© We are happy for you to make copies of any part of this document. However, we would be grateful if you would attach an acknowledgement of the source to any copies.


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How to copy chart with text boxes in Excel?
In some cases, you may insert text boxes into a chart for doing some reminders as below screenshot shown. When copying this chart to another worksheet or a new place, you may notice that the added text boxes disappear from the chart. How to copy chart with added text boxes together in Excel? This article will show you solutions to achieve it.
The following method can help you copy chart with text boxes in Excel.
1. Before inserting a text box, please click to select the chart firstly.
2. After selecting the chart, you can now insert text box by clicking Insert > Text Box.
3. Then draw the text box on the chart.
Note: Repeat the step 2 until needed text boxes are added to the chart.
Now every time you copy and paste the chart, the chart with added text boxes will be pasted together into a new place.
If you have already added text boxes on the chart without selecting the chart in advance. Please try this method.
1. Hold down the Shift key, and then select the chart and text boxes one by one in your worksheet.
2. After selecting the chart and text boxes, right-click any place in the chart, and then click Group > Group from the context menu. See screenshot:
From now on, when copying the chart, all text boxes displaying on the chart will be copied at the same time.
- How to format a textbox as currency in Excel?
- How to auto select text of a textbox when it is selected in Excel?
- How to autocomplete a textbox when typing in Excel?
- How to concatenate texts of multiple cells into a textbox in Excel?
- How to disable editing in textbox to prevent user inputting in Excel?
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text: The paper asks what role the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) plays in coordinating policy reform in post-crisis Eastern Central Europe (ECE). How did the EBRD attempt to mitigate the effects of the crisis and what role did the institution play in the configuration of a post-crisis European political economy? The paper analyses the content of the annual EBRD Transition Reports (TR) as representation of thinking in the EBRD Chief Economist's Office on the salient concerns relevant to its region of operations. The paper analyses TRs from 2007 to 2013 assessing the discursive shifts inside the EBRD establishing (1) how the TRs frame whether the region is in crisis, (2) apportioning censure for causing crisis and (3) how the EBRD TRs delineate the development of appropriate policy responses to the crisis. In conclusion the paper situates these processes as evidence of a further iteration of 'fail forwards' neoliberalization.


Definitions for "berry"
a juicy fruit with seeds immersed in pulp
Old province which has now become the department of Cher and the department of Indre. This region has an internationally renound status thanks to its wines: Sancerre, Ménetou-Salon, Quincy and Reuilly.
Berry is a region located in the center of France. It was a province of France until the provinces were replaced by dÃ©partements on March 4, 1790.
Keywords: hillock, mound
A mound; a hillock.
Keywords: went, summer, pick, gather
Keywords: nominative
Keywords: ova, eggs, fish, one
One of the ova or eggs of a fish.
Keywords: singer, born, rock, united
United States rock singer (born in 1931)
Keywords: bean, coffee
The coffee bean.
berry is a XML-based interpreted language for many purposes
Keywords: bear, produce
To bear or produce berries.


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Agricultural consultants, agrologists or technologists in agrology are up-to-date in the advances of their discipline and industry. They follow a standard of professional conduct and carry communication and leadership skills that assist farmers with agri-food production, processing globalization, the environment and food safety issues.
As farmers today are on top of the latest industry issues and advances, they expect their consultant to help with primary concerns like growing quality, high yield crops and determining ways to improve the way they manage their farm. By continually learning about the science behind agtech, consultants can help their clients with various technical concerns, such as milk parlour, herd management, and manure handling for dairy farmers.
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Key Issues Agricultural Consultants Deal With
Measure, analyze and interpret farm data
Advise on compliance with current legislation
Recommend improved methods of agriculture
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To improve yield and the quality of produce, maintenance of crop health is essential. Agrilyze can help you to manage a farm's risks such as maintaining a balance between pests, diseases, and beneficial organisms of all crops. This will impact short and long-term farm productivity.
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Adjective: biennial bI'e-nee-ul
 1. (botany) having a life cycle lasting two seasons
 "parsnips and carrots are biennial plants often grown as annuals"; "a biennial life cycle";
 - two-year
 2. Occurring every second year
 "they met at biennial conventions";
 - biyearly
Noun: biennial bI'e-nee-ul
Derived forms: biennials
See also: periodic, periodical
Type of: flora, plant, plant life
Antonym: annual, perennial
Encyclopedia: Biennial


text:
AUGMENTING HUMAN INTELLECT : A Conceptual Framework
Dr. Engelbart 1962
The Conceptual Framework
Detailed Discussion of the H-LAM/T System
This is an initial summary report of a project taking a new and systematic approach to improving the intellectual effectiveness of the individual human being.
A detailed conceptual framework explores the nature of the system composed of the individual and the tools, concepts, and methods that match his basic capabilities to his problems.
One of the tools that shows the greatest immediate promise is the computer, when it can be harnessed for direct on-line assistance, integrated with new concepts and methods.
NOTE: This paper by Douglas Engelbart lays out the theoretical foundations to his subsequent work and our subsequent information enviornments. It has been split into four separate sections and a lot of dated information has been removed. The full version all on one page is available here. Printer friendly PDF version available here. Digest edit and contents frame system design & implementation by Frode Hegland, London 2001 _EMAIL_ _URL_


text:
Any food made from wheat, rice, oats, cornmeal, barley or another cereal grain is a grain product. Bread, pasta, oatmeal, breakfast cereals, tortillas, and grits are examples of grain products.
Grains are divided into 2 subgroups, whole grains and refined grains.
Whole grains contain the entire grain kernel — the bran, germ, and endosperm. Examples include:
- whole-wheat flour
- bulgur (cracked wheat)
- whole cornmeal
- brown rice
Refined grains have been milled, a process that removes the bran and germ. This is done to give grains a finer texture and improve their shelf life, but it also removes dietary fiber, iron, and many B vitamins. Some examples of refined grain products are:
- white flour
- degermed cornmeal
- white bread
- white rice


text:
A Answers (1)
NorthShore University HealthSystem answeredThe BRAC Analysis Rearrangement Test (BART) is an additional level of analysis, which goes beyond DNA sequences of genes. BART looks for large rearrangements, deletions, and insertions of DNA material. A positive BART result has the same medical implications as a mutation found with more routine types of analysis. Anyone who has had comprehensive BRCA1/2 testing could go on for BART analysis. It is a matter of yield (chances of finding a mutation), and cost. For high-risk families (multiple cases of breast cancer; early-onset usually; often ovarian cancer in the family), the yield is 1-3%. The cost is $650.


A Long Goodbye
A Long Goodbye
Barbara Rachko
Soft pastel on sandpaper
The Black Paintings is a series of pastel-on-sandpaper paintings that use cultural objects as surrogates for human beings acting in mysterious, highly-charged narratives. In the Black Paintings the figures (actors) take central stage. All background details, furniture, rugs, etc. are eliminated and replaced by intense dark black pastel. Each painting takes months to complete as Barbara slowly layers and blends up to 30 layers of soft pastel.
The idea for the Black Paintings began when I attended a jazz history course and learned how Miles Davis developed cool jazz from bebop. In bebop the notes were played hard and fast as musicians showcased their technical virtuosity. Cool jazz was a much more relaxed style with fewer notes, i.e., the music was pared down to its essentials. Similarly this series evolved from dense, complex visual compositions into paintings that depict only the essential elements—the actors. As the series evolves what is left out becomes increasingly more important, resulting in more demands being placed on the viewer. – Barbara Rachko
Available framed (35 x 28.5 in)
26 x 20 in. (66 x 51 cm.)


text:
Printed wiring board (PWB) interconnect inductance can make or break the performance of a power supply. A large interconnect inductance can raise the high-frequency impedance of a gate drive circuit, impacting efficiency, or it can degrade the effectiveness of filter capacitors. In this Power Tip, we examine some simple formulas for interconnect inductance in free space and over a ground plane. We will find that the ground plane significantly reduces trace inductance and is critical for optimal performance in power supplies.
The simplest trace to consider is a rectangular conductor in free space. A formula for its inductance is shown in Figure 1
. Note that the inductance is a strong function of length but has a logarithmic relationship to the width of the conductor. While the recommendation of making a conductor as wide as possible to reduce its inductance is substantiated by the expression, the benefit of wide conductors is diminished by the logarithm. This is clearly shown in the table, which contains some sample conductor widths and calculates the resulting inductance of a one-inch-long conductor. For instance, a 10 mil (0.25 mm), 2 oz (1.8 mil or 0.07 mm) conductor has an inductance of about 24 nH, if it is one-inch (25 mm) long. If its width is increased by 50 times, the inductance only drops by a factor of four due to the logarithm in the expression.
Click on image to enlarge.
Figure 1: Inductance of a free space conductor has a logarithmic relationship to width.
Ground planes in circuit boards are used to ease routing, minimize the ground voltage variation, provide electrical and magnetic shielding, control impedances, and to help cool the components. Additionally, they provide the opportunity to reduce the inductance of circuit conductors in the PWB. Figure 2
presents a simple formula for the calculation of a conductor over a ground plane. The expression shows linear relationships between inductance, conductor height over the plane and its length. So to a first order, minimizing the separation of the conductor and ground or increasing the conductor width lets you drive the inductance toward zero. The table presents some sample calculations that can be compared with Figure 1
. For instance, we found that a 0.10-inch-wide conductor in free space had an inductance of 14 nH per inch. That same conductor placed over a ground plane of a two-sided board (0.06 inches thick) would have 3 nH per inch. That is a 5:1 reduction in interconnect inductance, which translates into faster gate drives, more effective filtering capacitors and reduced circuit losses from proximity effects. The table also shows that with a six-layer board where the dielectric thickness is reduced to 0.01 inch, the inductance is reduced by another factor of six. Clearly, when routing boards, you will want to put your ground layers as close to the board surface as possible to minimize inductance connecting the components on the surface.
Click on image to enlarge.
Figure 2: Inductance of conductor over plane can be driven arbitrarily small.
To summarize, inductances of conductors on single-layer boards are high due to the lack of a ground-plane layer. This can be mitigated somewhat by routing conductor pairs together. However, ground planes offer the ability to make order of magnitude reductions in this stray inductance, which will result in lower impedance signal paths. This can provide improved efficiency with improved gate drives, better electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance due to improved filter performance, and lower crosstalk due to lower impedance nodes.
Please join us next month when we discuss a second look at snubbing the flyback converter.
For more information about this and other power solutions, visit: _URL_
About the author
is a senior applications manager and distinguished member of technical staff at Texas Instruments. He has more than 30 years of experience in the power electronics business and has designed magnetics for power electronics ranging from sub-watt to sub-megawatt with operating frequencies into the megahertz range. Robert earned a BSEE from Texas A&M University and an MSEE from Southern Methodist University.


text:
Reviews the formation of weak electrolytes and how they differ from strong electrolytes.
To reinforce and increase concept comprehension, and to analyze similarities and differences between topics using a Two Column Table.
To activate prior knowledge, make personal connections, reflect on key concepts, encourage critical thinking, and assess student knowledge on the topic prior to reading using a Quickwrite.
Defines the terms strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes. Provides a brief overview of the differences between acids, bases, and salts.


text:
As reported by the Associated Press earlier this month, the state of New Mexico is rebranding itself to overcome a common perception of the state as boring. Thus, the "Land of Enchantment" will give way to "New Mexico True." The move is hardly surprising when one looks back over the past century of statehood. For its entire history as a state, New Mexico promoters have walked a tightrope between accentuating the state's exotic difference and claiming its place in the United States. Before statehood, the Santa Fe Railway's tourism promotion arm, the Fred Harvey Company, created a powerful image of a foreign land filled with exotic peoples and stunning scenery. It packaged this experience through its Indian Department and its placement of Native American craftsmen and artists at rail stations along its tracks. In 1912, even as New Mexico achieved statehood, Santa Feans were working to enshrine "Pueblo Revival" as the motif for the state's historic capital city, as historian Jay M. Price writes in his essay on Santa Fe in American Tourism.
Adding to the focus on seeing the exotic "other," which was common in tourism promotion and tourist expectations of the day, was a growing emphasis on actively engaging the state. The Santa Fe Railway inaugurated motorcar "Detours" in the 1920s to satisfy tourists' urge to move beyond the confines of the railroad. As the golden age of the automotive vacation arrived, Route 66 provided an incentive to see New Mexico on one's own time. The colorful, cartoonish Vacation Map of New Mexico Land of Enchantment, published in 1954, is peopled with New Mexicans engaging in rugged work and tourists pursuing recreation. Thus, the new promotional focus on active travel actually taps a deep root.
The term "Land of Enchantment," according to the New Mexico Office of the State Historian, originally appeared in a 1906 book about the American Southwest and saw its first state-specific adoption by the state tourism office in the 1930s. Since 1941 it has appeared on all New Mexico license plates. Unfortunately, the contradiction inherent in early efforts to be seen as both "American" and a distant "land" paralleled the confusion that the word "Mexico" brought. Over time too many would-be tourists came to view New Mexico, a place that crafted an early image as "enchanting," as empty and boring. How could such a colorful, exciting place lose its appeal? The tyranny of the Interstate Highway System, which can turn any of the Lower 48 into a monotonous experience to be endured rather than savored, surely plays some role in New Mexico. An arid and semi-arid landscape seen from the windshield of an automobile at 70 miles per hour on I-10 or I-40 removes the traveler from the enchantment of experiencing rugged terrain, unique architecture, or regional cultures.
It seems timely that the state's fresh look at promoting its image comes at a time when others are working to revive Route 66. Perhaps the most important truth in "New Mexico True" is that marketing of tourist destinations must evolve in order to maintain the enchantment.


text:
Overview on Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines
This chapter provides an overview of multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). Its main purpose is to introduce the reader to the major concepts underlying this data mining technique, particularly those that are relevant to the chapter that involves the use of this technique. This chapter includes an illustrative example and also provides guidance for interpreting a MARS model.
- Breiman L, Friedman J, Olshen R, Charles S (1984) Classification and regression trees. Wadsworth International GroupGoogle Scholar
- Friedman JH (1991) Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines. Ann Stat 19(1):1, pp 1–141Google Scholar
- Guo W, Zhao N, Shao H (2010) IT investment efficiency analysis of equipment manufacturing industry based on two-stage nonparametric model. In: Proceedings of IEEE 2010 international conference on challenges in environmental science and computer engineering, vol 2, pp 21–24Google Scholar
- Hastie T, Tibshirani R (1990) Generalized additive model. Chapman and Hall, LondonGoogle Scholar
- Morawczynski O, Ngwenyama O (2007) Unraveling the impact of investments in ICT, education and health on development: an analysis of archival data of five West African countries using regression splines. Electron J Inf Syst Dev Countries 29:1–15Google Scholar
- Mukkamala S, Sung AH, Abraham A, Ramos V (2006) Intrusion detection systems using adaptive regression spines. In: Enterprise Information Systems VI, pp 211–218. Springer, NetherlandsGoogle Scholar


text:
Article abstract: At issue: Boundary between Persia and the Ottoman Empire and religious differences. Result: Stalemate; Ottomans unable to control conquered territory and Persians unable to militarily defeat Ottoman forces.
These wars, motivated by both nationalistic and religious differences, occurred during the reigns of several sultans and distracted them from their efforts to conquer the central European nation of Austria. In 1502, Ismāʿīl I assumed the title of shah and declared Shīʿism as the official religion of Persia. The sultan...
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Weatherwatch: tornadoes and trailer parks
A tornado touching down in Riverside, California. Those living in well-built houses have less to fear. Photograph: Michael Ritter/AP
Spring might sound appealing, but in trailer parks in the part of the southern US known as Tornado Alley spring is the start of a season of destruction. Twisters cause tremendous damage to trailer parks every year. Popular lore suggests mobile homes act as tornado magnets, and statistics seem to confirm this: almost 40% of tornado fatalities in the US are in mobile homes, although they are only 7% of housing. It has been suggested that this is divine judgment on immoral trailer park residents, but there are more physical reasons. Fragile, temporary structures are far more vulnerable than permanent brick-built homes. They do not have protective storm cellars, and can even be rolled over by a strong wind.
Permanent buildings also benefit from another defence. Tornadoes are fed by an inrush of air at ground level. Trailer parks offer little resistance to this, since they have one-storey buildings with flat roofs. Taller buildings create a significant amount of air friction, slowing the air flow and so choking off the tornado. In these conditions, tornadoes are short-lived and dissipate before they can do much damage.
Built-up urban districts do get hit by tornadoes, but the damage and loss of life is usually minimal. A series of tornadoes struck the Brooklyn and Queens boroughs of New York City in 2010, resulting in a death. This is a very low toll compared to what a single tornado can do in a trailer park.


text:
Iraq Dumps Daylight Saving Time in 2008
For the first time in many years Iraq will not observe daylight saving time, which usually falls on April 1 each year. The decision to cancel daylight saving time in 2008 was made at a meeting for Iraq's Council of Ministers recently.
A Change of Times
For some citizens, the abolition of daylight saving time marks another change that comes with the political changes over the past few years. However, there are also claims that there is no relationship between the daylight saving cancellation and governmental changes, as the decision was a matter of science.
According to Aswat al-Iraq (Voices of Iraq), a spokesperson from the Prime Minister's office said the Kurdistan Regional Government stood in conformity with the Iraqi government's decision to abolish daylight saving time. A spokesperson for the Kurdistan Regional Government confirmed that its decision to cancel daylight saving time coincided with the Iraqi government's choice on that matter.
The Iraqi government's decision to abolish daylight saving time aimed to increase energy efficiency through means such as minimizing airconditioning usage. The cancellation of daylight saving time shortens periods of daylight in the summer, especially during warm days when energy usage for cooling systems could increase. Many citizens, including some students and workers, have welcomed the decision, declaring it as ''useful''.
However, with the change came opposing opinions. Some citizens believed the abolishment of daylight saving time would be difficult because it was integrated into their lives for so many years. Still, there are those who believed that life would be less complicated without daylight saving time as there would be less confusion and interruption associated with time, including changes to schedules and food preparations.
Iraq's Recent Daylight Saving History
In the past, daylight saving was used in Iraq as a means to reduce the consumption of electrical energy in labs, factories and in domestic environments. The addition of the extra hour in the afternoon meant that the use of lighting was reduced.
For many years, many parts of Iraq which included the capital city of Baghdad moved the clock forward by one hour on April 1 to reflect daylight saving time. Iraq returned to standard time to mark the start of the winter months on October 1 each year. Working hours in government institutions were scheduled from 8am to 3pm, except for the Ministry of Higher Education and the Ministery of Health, when working hours finished at 2pm.
Dates of daylight saving time 1982–2007These are the dates Daylight Saving Time started and ended in Baghdad since Iraq first observed DST in 1982.
|Year||Start date||End date||Daylight duration|
|1982||May 1||Oct 1||21 weeks and 6 days|
|1983||Mar 31||Oct 1||26 weeks and 2 days|
|1984||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1985||Apr 1||Sep 29||25 weeks and 6 days|
|1986||Mar 30||Sep 28||26 weeks|
|1987||Mar 29||Sep 27||26 weeks|
|1988||Mar 27||Sep 25||26 weeks|
|1989||Mar 26||Sep 24||26 weeks|
|1990||Mar 25||Sep 30||27 weeks|
|1991||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1992||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1993||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1994||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1995||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1996||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1997||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1998||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|1999||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2000||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2001||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2002||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2003||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2004||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2005||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2006||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
|2007||Apr 1||Oct 1||26 weeks and 1 day|
- Israel to extend Daylight Saving Time again
- Morocco's 2013 Daylight Saving Time Schedule
- New Technology makes Time Travel possible
- Middle East DST Roundup - Syria and Lebanon announce Switch Dates
- West Bank and Gaza start Daylight Saving Time on March 29, 2013
- Haiti starts DST, will follow U.S. schedule in future
- Time Zone News
- Daylight Saving Time
- List of countries that observe Daylight Saving Time in 2013
- Time Zone Abbreviations
- The World Clock – Current time all over the world
- Personal World Clock
- Meeting Planner
- Time Zone Converter
- Event Time Announcer/Fixed Time – Show local times worldwide for your event.


text:
The PCAL6416A is a 16-bit general purpose I/O expander that provides remote I/O expansion for most microcontroller families via the I2C-bus interface.
NXP I/O expanders provide a simple solution when additional I/Os are needed while keeping interconnections to a minimum, for example, in battery-powered mobile applications for interfacing to sensors, push buttons, keypad, etc. In addition to providing a flexible set of GPIOs, it simplifies interconnection of a processor running at one voltage level to I/O devices operating at a different (usually higher) voltage level. The PCAL6416A has built-in level shifting feature that makes these devices extremely flexible in mixed signal environments where communication between incompatible I/O voltages is required. Its wide VDD range of 1.65 V to 5.5 V on the dual power rail allows seamless communications with next-generation low voltage microprocessors and microcontrollers on the interface side (SDA/SCL) and peripherals at a higher voltage on the port side.
There are two supply voltages for PCAL6416A: VDD(I2C-bus) and VDD(P). VDD(I2C-bus) provides the supply voltage for the interface at the master side (for example, a microcontroller) and the VDD(P) provides the supply for core circuits and Port P. The bidirectional voltage level translation in the PCAL6416A is provided through VDD(I2C-bus). VDD(I2C-bus) should be connected to the VDD of the external SCL/SDA lines. This indicates the VDD level of the I²C-bus to the PCAL6416A, while the voltage level on Port P of the PCAL6416A is determined by the VDD(P).
The PCAL6416A contains the PCA6416A register set of four pairs of 8-bit Configuration, Input, Output, and Polarity Inversion registers and additionally, the PCAL6416A has Agile I/O, which are additional features specifically designed to enhance the I/O. These additional features are: programmable output drive strength, latchable inputs, programmable pull-up/pull-down resistors, maskable interrupt, interrupt status register, programmable open-drain or push-pull outputs. The PCAL6416A is a pin-to-pin replacement to the PCA6416A, however, the PCAL6416A powers up with all I/O interrupts masked. This mask default allows for a board bring-up free of spurious interrupts at power-up.
At power-on, the I/Os are configured as inputs. However, the system master can enable the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configuration bits. The data for each input or output is kept in the corresponding input or output register. The polarity of the Input Port register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversion register, saving external logic gates. Programmable pull-up and pull-down resistors eliminate the need for discrete components.
The system master can reset the PCAL6416A in the event of a time-out or other improper operation by asserting a LOW in the RESET input. The power-on reset puts the registers in their default state and initializes the I²C-bus/SMBus state machine. The RESET pin causes the same reset/initialization to occur without depowering the part.
The PCAL6416A open-drain interrupt (INT) output is activated when any input state differs from its corresponding Input Port register state and is used to indicate to the system master that an input state has changed.
INT can be connected to the interrupt input of a microcontroller. By sending an interrupt signal on this line, the remote I/O can inform the microcontroller if there is incoming data on its ports without having to communicate via the I²C-bus. Thus, the PCAL6416A can remain a simple slave device. The input latch feature holds or latches the input pin state and keeps the logic values that created the interrupt until the master can service the interrupt. This minimizes the host's interrupt service response for fast moving inputs.
The device Port P outputs have 25 mA sink capabilities for directly driving LEDs while consuming low device current.
One hardware pin (ADDR) can be used to program and vary the fixed I2C-bus address and allow up to two devices to share the same I²C-bus or SMBus.


text:
Cameo: Portrait on a Shell
First, we must travel to Torre del Greco, Italy. Nestled between the foot of Mount Vesuvio and the Mediterranean Sea lies the capital city of coral and cameos, overlooking the bay of Naples. The population of this Italian community has grown to more than 100,000 -- no fewer than 5,000 participate in the development of cameos and coral designs.
Exquisite cameos and workings in coral and gold leave this quiet community daily and travel around the globe. Vesuvius's lava fields prevented the natives from working the land. Fortunately the Torresi waters were filled with coral forest and reefs. They not only engaged in the traditional occupations of sailing and shipbuilding, but also in coral and shell diving. There is easy access to three great natural resources utilized for cameo carving: lava, coral and conch shells. Cameos made from these materials became very popular all around the world in the years following the 15th century.
The creative process for the cameo begins in the seas where the shell divers appropriately select specimens from 90 to 100 feet below the water's surface. The divers' harvest journeys to the shops of craftsmen in Torre del Greco where the artist painstakingly searches for sea shells free of flaws and cracks. A new dimension of artistic skill and aesthetic appeal was added to cameo carving when it was discovered that many stones - and later, shells - were made of different colored layers. This allowed the artist to create a striking contrast between the raised (relief) layer and the flat (background) layer. Although modern machinery now assists in the initial stages of the process, the intricate details are still carved by hand.
The individual piece to engrave is mounted with wax on a wooden stick. After having sketched a picture of what he intends to carve, the engraving begins using steel burins. The goldsmith work is strictly hand-made and the techniques used are part of the most remarkable Neapolitan and Italian artistic tradition. Gold frames, like cameos themselves, are created in all shapes and sizes, the most popular being the oval. A gold metal ribbon (bezel or gallery wire) is wrapped around the perimeter and folded over the edge of each single cameo. In this fashion no two can be exactly alike in their curvature, thickness and contour. The bezel is then surrounded by the most decorative part of the frame: gold-moldings, twisted ribbons, double wire braids, mixed ropes, strings of pearls, hallow-cane, etc., and embellished with filigree patterns, or diamond settings.
Every single Cameo has a history in itself--an exemplary story of devotion and sacrifices of a long and hard apprenticeship. It's a rigorous selection where fantasy, creativity and knowledge of the drawing are essential to give life to cameos narrated in only 2 mm of thickness, such as these pictured here.
SHELL CAMEOS CARE
To prevent damage and corrosion to the frame, cameo jewelry should be stored in a secure, clean and dry place. Even gold frames become tarnished due to pollution and oxidation of the alloys in the metal. Careful storage can retard this natural process as well as prevent shells from becoming chipped. Cleaning cameos is simple. A gentle scrubbing with a soft bristle toothbrush in a mild soap and water solution is the most popular method. It should be rinsed off immediately and thoroughly with warm water. Never soak shell cameos or "soft" stones in any cleaning solution for more than 30 seconds. After cleaning you need to moisturize. This is done, preferably, with a fine oil such as mineral or baby oil applied with a Q-tip. It should be allowed to "soak " for a few hours or overnight. Then, wipe off any excess oil that visually remains. This process should be performed once or twice a year,
Since ancient times, cameos have been prized by collectors and
jewelers. Cameos are more than just jewelry. They are a personal item to be cherished.
Each one has its own uniqueness. A true cameo speaks to you with its eyes. The
craftsmanship gives it a life and personality all its own.
The most beautiful cameo I have ever seen
was resting on its pedestal in a local jewelry store. When I first saw it, all encased in
glass, I felt an immediate connection to the past. As if this beautifully carved creature
was somehow related to me. I left the shop thinking of her. You see, that simple piece of
jewelry had become more
I have named her Victoria. When she is


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The drag coefficient of a rigid spherical particle deviates from Stokes law when it is put into a near-critical fluid mixture in the homogeneous phase with the critical composition. The deviation is experimentally shown to depend approximately linearly on the correlation length of the composition fluctuation far from the particle, and is suggested to be caused by the preferential adsorption between one component and the particle surface. In contrast, the dependence was shown to be much steeper in the previous theoretical studies based on the Gaussian free-energy density. In the vicinity of the particle, especially when the adsorption of the preferred component makes the composition strongly off-critical, the correlation length becomes very small as compared with. This spatial inhomogeneity, not considered in the previous theoretical studies, can influence the dependence of on. To examine this possibility, we here apply a renormalized local functional theory, describing the preferential adsorption in terms of the surface field. This theory was previously proposed to explain the interaction of walls immersed in a (near-)critical binary fluid mixture. The free-energy density in this theory, coarse-grained up to the local correlation length, has a very complicated dependence on the order parameter, as compared with the Gaussian free-energy density. Still, a concise expression of the drag coefficient, which was derived in one of the previous theoretical studies, turns out to be valid in the present formulation. We show that, as becomes larger, the dependence of on becomes distinctly gradual and close to the linear dependence.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Mechanics of Materials
- Mechanical Engineering


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The most common type of chloride present in a dog's system is sodium chloride. But this mineral performs a lot of functions, and it can also be reformed into hydrochloric acid, which can be found in your pet's stomach. This substance is essential for the digestion of any type of food.
In today's article, we are looking at high or low chloride in dogs' blood, its causes, its diagnosis, and its treatment, and we're also discussing supplements that contain this mineral and what they can be used for.
Why Should Chloride Exist in Your Dog's Blood?
Both potassium and sodium chloride have to be present in your dog's blood flow as they can regulate the transmission of substances from one cell to another. Chloride ions are also essential when it comes to composing the electrolytes that can be found in your pet's system.
On top of that, chloride ions are in charge of keeping your pet's blood volume within stable limits. This means that your dog shouldn't have high or low blood pressure if the amount of chloride ions they have in their blood is normal.
The kidneys are in charge of managing the quantities of sodium and potassium chloride present in your dog's body. Therefore, pets that have renal pathologies are likely to have issues with their chloride levels.
Natural Sources of Chloride
Since the most common kind of chloride is actually sodium chloride, this means that the most common source is table salt. However, dogs and cats should not have high amounts of salt as it can wreak havoc on their bodies.
Chloride can also be found in unprocessed meat and fish, as well as several types of fruit, but the quantities in these sources are relatively low, so they are actually safer compared to supplements. Even eggs contain 4 to 7% of sodium chloride.
Hyperchloremia – Too Much Chloride in Your Pet's Blood
Hyperchloremia can have several different causes, and that's because it depends on the type of chloride whose level increases in your dog's blood. For example, if your dog has had too much salt, they might experience some of the following symptoms:
- A lack of appetite for water
Some dogs can experience somewhat similar symptoms when their potassium chloride levels are increased. This usually happens when pets receive IV fluids, and they don't have enough time to absorb the electrolytes properly.
The two most common symptoms seen in dogs with increased levels of potassium chloride are hyperventilation and kidney health issues, so changes in the dog's urinary habits, as well as diarrhea.
High blood chloride can also be caused by other factors, such as those listed below:
- Cushing's disease
- NSAIDs (meloxicam or carprofen)
Hypochloremia – Low Levels of Chloride in Your Dog's Blood
Low blood chloride is somewhat less common than high blood chloride, especially in healthy adult dogs. Most pets get the nutrients they need from the commercial diets they have.
Even though some pet owners might be adamant about not giving their dogs salt in any situation whatsoever, those animals are still not going to end up developing hypochloremia.
However, this health problem can be caused by dehydration, a secondary symptom of infectious and non-infectious gastrointestinal disease, where the dog vomits and has diarrhea, therefore losing precious electrolytes.
Other causes of hypochloremia are Addison's disease, the use of laxatives and diuretics, as well as chronic heart disease. Bicarbonate (which is toxic to dogs and should never be given to them for an upset tummy) can also cause hypochloremia, and its IV use should also be carefully analyzed.
How Are Chloride Variations Diagnosed and Treated?
Simple blood tests can reveal any changes in your dog's blood chloride levels, but the issue is that this type of test is not exactly commonly used. What we mean by this is that the vet specifically has to suspect a condition that correlates with chloride changes.
Standard blood tests might not be enough. A blood biochemistry panel for sodium and potassium can be revealing in this sense.
As for the treatment, it depends on your dog's health status. Generally, chloride blood level changes can be treated with IV fluids as they are the best when it comes to balancing the electrolyte blood levels that your dog has.
The pet might also have to receive symptomatic therapy for the clinical signs that they are showing, so as to stop dehydration, for example – anti-nausea medication or specific medication for diarrhea.
Although sodium or potassium chloride can be ingredients of various vitamin and mineral complex supplements, there are specific products made for dogs that have had hyperor hypochloremia in the past or those that have urinary health problems.
For example, ammonium chloride is a urine acidifier that can be used for urinary stones or for treating poisoning or metabolic alkalosis. It's less commonly utilized in pets; however, it is more common in large animal veterinary medicine. Pets usually receive potassium chloride supplements, such as those specifically designed for renal health.
In any case, adding supplements to your dog's diet should only be done under the guidance of a veterinarian, so make sure you talk to your vet beforehand. They know best what conditions your dog might have and if one supplement or another might be dangerous for their health.


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Electricity is everywhere. It powers the appliances and computers that surround kids – they come across outlets, cords and power lines every day. Natural gas is always nearby, too, providing our homes with heat and energy that make our lives comfortable.
As part of Duke Energy's ongoing commitment to educate our children, this section teaches kids the principles of electricity and natural gas, and the important safety skills they need to make good choices. Kids can play interactive games, conduct fun experiments, complete hands-on activities, and learn skills that can prevent injuries and save lives.
Keeping Your Children Safe
View Duke Energy's tips for keeping kids safe around electricity.
Safety Calendar Contest
Learn about our most recent calendar contest, and see the list of winners.
Our education program is now e-SMART!
Visit the e-SMARTkids website for students, parents and educators – an online meeting place for electrical and natural gas safety. The latest information is presented through fun, interactive online technologies including videos, downloadable pages and free teacher resources.


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How to find and break external links in Excel?
In Excel, we usually create some external links for some purposes, however, after finishing the specific purpose, you may want to find and break all the external links. Here I introduce you the tricks to quickly find and break external links.
You maybe interested in this utility:
- Reuse Anything: Add the most used or complex formulas, charts and anything else to your favorites, and quickly reuse them in the future.
- More than 20 text features: Extract Number from Text String; Extract or Remove Part of Texts; Convert Numbers and Currencies to English Words.
- Merge Tools: Multiple Workbooks and Sheets into One; Merge Multiple Cells/Rows/Columns Without Losing Data; Merge Duplicate Rows and Sum.
- Split Tools: Split Data into Multiple Sheets Based on Value; One Workbook to Multiple Excel, PDF or CSV Files; One Column to Multiple Columns.
- Paste Skipping Hidden/Filtered Rows; Count And Sum by Background Color; Send Personalized Emails to Multiple Recipients in Bulk.
- Super Filter: Create advanced filter schemes and apply to any sheets; Sort by week, day, frequency and more; Filter by bold, formulas, comment...
- More than 300 powerful features; Works with Office 2007-2019 and 365; Supports all languages; Easy deploying in your enterprise or organization.
If you want to find and break external links, you can apply Edit Link function.
1. Click Data > Edit Links. See screenshot:
2. In the Edit Links dialog, select a workbook that you want to break the external links, and then click Break Link. See screenshot:
3. In the popping out warning dialog box, please click the Break Links button. See screenshot:
4. Then repeat step 2 to break all external links from the whole workbook. After removing all external links, please close the Edit Links dialog box.
With above method, you will break all the external links from the same workbook, but in sometimes, you may want to break some of the external links from different worksheets, in this case, you can use Kutools for Excel's Find and Break Broken Links function to solve.
|Kutools for Excel, with more than 300 handy functions, makes your jobs more easier.|
After free installing Kutools for Excel, please do as below:
1. Click Kutools > Link > Find and Break Broken Links. See screenshot:
2. In the Find and Break Broken Links dialog, you can see all the external links are list in the dialog, and check the links you want to break and then click Break link to break all the checked links.
1. In the Find and Break Broken Links dialog, you can filter links based on linked worksheet by selecting the sheet name from the Filter dropdown list.
2. You also can view the cell in actual time when you click the link in the Find and Break Broken Links dialog after checking View cell option.
- How to split date and time from a cell to two cells in Excel?
- How to quickly add hours/minutes/second to date and time in Excel?
- How to convert hyperlinks to plain texts in Excel?


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"Pumpkin can be a good early food for babies and toddlers," says Peggy O'Shea, a Boston-based nutritionist and president of the Massachusetts Dietetic Association. "Pumpkin can be prepared in many ways that are babyand toddler-friendly. They are a fun food to involve kids in the preparation of, and pumpkin is packed with many great nutrients—it is high in vitamin A, beta carotene, and is also good source of iron and potassium." O'Shea says pumpkin also is low in fat and high in fiber.
Pumpkin can be prepared in a number of different ways. "It can be baked or steamed, poached, or boiled," O'Shea says. "Just keep in mind that the longer you cook it, and the more liquid it is cooked in, the more nutrients that are going to be lost during the cooking process."
The soft-cooked pumpkin can be diced up as finger food for older babies, or pureed for smaller babies. "You can also use canned pumpkin," O'Shea says. "You can also try adding different flavors to the pumpkin such as cinnamon, nutmeg, or a little bit of butter. Pumpkin soup or adding pumpkin to other food such as pancakes or waffles is another great option for getting kits to eat this nutritious food."
Many people like to save and roast the seeds of a pumpkin, but O'Shea says to avoid this for babies and toddlers. "Seeds or nuts should not be given until at least the age of 4 due to choking hazard concerns," she says.
What about allergies? "While the possibility exists to have an allergy to pumpkin, it is not considered one of the top food allergies," O'Shea says. "In addition, there is more likely to be an allergy to pumpkin seeds, rather than pumpkin flesh."
Try these fun recipes on your baby or toddler!
Fruity Pumpkin Smoothie
(For older babies and toddlers)
Creamy Pumpkin Soup
(For older toddlers)


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Abstract—Polypropylene (PP) with high thermal stability and good electrical properties, has attracted much attention for its potential to take the place of cross-link polyethylene (XLPE) as HVDC insulation because PP is more easily recycled than XLPE due to its thermoplasticity. Due to the adverse effect of electric field reversal under HVDC application, there is a need to find the new polymer insulation material with higher thermal conductivity and good electrical performance. This paper investigates the effect of introducing aluminum nitride (AlN) and magnesium oxide (MgO) into PP on the electrical properties of the resulting the new nanocomposites. In the sample preparation, AlN and MgO were surface-modified by KH570 (γ- methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane) and then introduced into PP by the solution method to manufacture the nanocomposite materials. The measurements made were the voltage breakdown characteristics and the DC conductivity. The results obtained show that the combination of AlN and MgO can slightly decrease the DC conductivity of PP/AlN/MgO nanocomposites compared with pure PP. The breakdown strength was slightly decreased. which shows that the adverse effect of AlN on the electrical performance of PP can be compensated by introducing MgO nanoparticles. Hence, the new polymer with high thermal conductivity and good electrical properties could be manufactured by combining two kinds of nanoparticles.
Keywords — nanocomposites, magnesium-oxide, aluminum-nitride, polypropylene, electrical performance.
|Conference||2020 IEEE International Conference on Voltage Engineering and Application|
|Period||6/09/20 → 10/09/20|
- electrical performance


Universities Support Holding HSC Exams in 2021
NSW Vice-Chancellors' Committee
The New South Wales Vice-Chancellors' Committee (the Committee) fully supports the decision of the NSW Education Standards Agency (NESA) to give more time to HSC students to work on their major projects and to prepare for exams to reduce the impact of the current COVID-19 lockdown.
The Convener for the Committee, Professor Barney Glover AO, said the universities "appreciate that the disruptions caused by the current COVID-19 lockdown have impacted on students' focus, therefore the need for certainty is paramount.
"As we said in 2020, our position is that proceeding with the HSC examinations in 2021 provides certainty to students, parents and teachers as well as universities.
The Convener emphasised that the universities understood the difficulties faced by students and explained that universities will respond with appropriate arrangements.
"As we did successfully in 2020 when the pandemic began for that year's cohort of students, we will continue to work flexibly with NESA and the Universities Admissions Centre to ensure that admission processes can adapt in an equitable way to any changes in Year 12 assessments," Professor Glover
Given that completion of the HSC is the preferred admission pathway into many universities, Professor Glover strongly encouraged students to remain committed to completing the HSC in 2021.
Professor Glover also reminded students that there are alternative pathways into university such as bridging and foundational courses to build up knowledge and skills lost during the pandemic.
"Universities look forward to welcoming this year's graduating secondary students into courses commencing in 2022," Professor Glover said.


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File(s) not publicly available
Simulation of fluid velocity distribution inside the condenser waterbox of a power plant
conference contributionposted on 2017-12-06, 00:00 authored by L Brown, B Hayden, Mohammad RasulMohammad Rasul
The cleaning of heat exchanging units is of a major concern for steam power plant. It has been proposed by the plant authority to install an on-line cleaning system at Callide Power Station located near Biloela, Queensland, Australia, on the steam condensing electrical generation units. The condenser is fitted with a waterbox to distribute the cooling water internally throughout. The cleaning system may incorporate the cycling of sponge balls throughout the cooling water circuit of the condenser, which through their abrasive action remove fouling. To predict the potential effectiveness of this cleaning system, it is important to determine the distribution of balls, i.e. the distribution of fluid velocity throughout the condenser tube systems is uniform and even. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is developed in this study in order to simulate and evaluate the fluid velocity distribution inside the condenser waterbox. The simulation results are presented and discussed, so that plant authority can realize the implementation of this cleaning system.
Category 1 - Australian Competitive Grants (this includes ARC, NHMRC)
Number of Pages11
Place of PublicationSydney, Australia
Full Text URL


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>Home>Learn XQuery>XQuery Tutorial>XQuery Introduction>External Functions and Variables
External Functions and Variables in XQuery
XQuery implementations are often embedded in an environment such as a Java or C# program or a relational database. The environment can provide external functions and variables to XQuery. To access these, a query must declare them in the prolog:
Listing 1.20 Module Declaration for a Library Module
define function outtie($v as xs:integer) as xs:integer external
define variable $v as xs:integer external
XQuery does not specify how such functions and variables are made available by the external environment, or how function parameters and arguments are converted between the external environment and XQuery.


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The etymology of the name Philéole
What does the name Philéole mean and where does this name and our slogan "Make the wind your friend" come from?
Philéole is the contraction of two words that come from ancient Greek. The first is Phil, from the ancient Greek φίλος, phílos, which means "friend, person who loves". The second is Eole. In Greek mythology, Aeolus, Αἴολος, Aíolos, is the master and steward of the winds.
Make wind your friend!
History of Philéole
The history and creation of Philéole; where we got the idea to produce a mini wind turbine.
Philéole arose from the desire to use the force of the wind with bio-based and ecological means. The wind is everywhere around us, with different forces, stable or turbulent. It is present in all countries and in all types of environment; whether it is an energetically isolated environment to a hyper-connected urban environment, whether it is a marine or terrestrial environment.
In 2014, after several months of development, studies, models and prototypes, the concept of the Philéole mini wind turbine emerged. The mini wind turbine is tested in a wind tunnel at the University of Liège, in the Vrije University of Brussels and at the Von Karman institute so that Philéole can present a successful product: a bio sourced wind turbine for independent and renewable, urban energy production. and domestic, respectful of nature, biodegradable and recyclable.
Initially, Philéole focused on the production of the mini nautical wind turbine: ready to serve sailors in France and around the world, the Philéole mini nautical wind turbine attached to the top of the mast of the boat, in full wind, collects energy whatever the wind direction at sea, at anchor, in winter.
A few months later, Philéole decided to expand the possibilities of using its mini wind turbine. With its patents for Europe and the world, the Philéole mini wind turbine is now a unique product in a limitless market; ready to collect energy from the roofs of country houses and tiny houses, city buildings, or any place where the wind blows.
Every day, the Philéole team seeks to improve the performance and design of its vertical wind turbine to offer a unique and successful product.
Our main goals
The primary goal of Philéole is energy independence and ecology. By offering a unique product, Philéole wishes to take advantage of the elements of nature for independence in the production and consumption of energy. To push the ecological side further, Philéole decides to produce its mini wind turbine out of corn starch and aluminum; two elements that are either biodegradable or recyclable.
Most wind turbines available on the market pick up winds that blow at high altitude and require extensive earthworks. Today, Philéole focuses on the energies developed by light airs, turbulences and currents. Philéole wishes to use this energy and make it available to sites located outside the distribution networks.
Philéole team members
Graduated in industrial design at La Cambre. Founder of a line of high-end furniture in steel and micro-concrete and of an art gallery. Maxime works on the design of wind turbine structures, optimising the design for production and reducing the ecological impact of wind turbines. He likes to be part of sustainable solutions for a better future for all.
Graduated in mechanical engineering at UCLouvain. Passionate about aeronautics and wind behaviour. Grégoire puts his skills at the service of Philéole to dimension the mechanical parts of the wind turbines, to define the performances of the wind turbine, to check that the wind turbine works in an optimal way and respects our requirements and those of the customers.
Diplômé de l'Université de technologie de Delft, c'est un passionné de l'aéronautique