Does Vinegar Kill Weeds to the Root?
Does Vinegar Kill Weeds to the Root?
Unfortunately, vinegar does not kill weeds to the root. While vinegar will degrade the biological material that weeds are made up of, this will typically only end up killing the leaves of older plants. That being said, there are some weeds that can be killed down to the root by vinegar.
In most cases, you'd be better off trying to kill younger weeds with vinegar, as seedlings tend to be less resilient than their fully-grown counterparts.
When you decide to start gardening, most people don't tell you about the many headaches that you can expect to experience while tending to your garden.
Pests are just the start of your issues, and it seems like once you finally manage to find a solution to them, you'll have to contend with an entirely different source of difficulties.
Weeds are the bane of any gardener or lawn-keeper. They make your garden or lawn look worse and they siphon crucial nutrients and water away from the plants that you actually want to see thriving.
Unfortunately, weeds are some hardy plants, and it can be tough to find a non-toxic way to deal with them.
In today's guide, we're going to take a look at one of these non-toxic methods, specifically, we're going to explore whether you can kill weeds to the root with vinegar.
We'll explore using different kinds of vinegar to kill weeds to the root and even take a look at some alternatives that you have available.
Does Vinegar Kill Weeds Permanently?
Theoretically, vinegar should be able to permanently kill weeds because it is a desiccant.
This means that it dries out the things that it touches, especially if it comes into contact with biological material like the cells that make up a plant.
The acetic acid in vinegar will gradually dry out each cell that it comes into contact with until the organism dies.
Most vinegars made for human consumption contain between 5% and 7% acetic acid, making them both safe to handle and environmentally friendly.
In theory, this means that you should be able to effectively kill any weeds in your yard or garden with a liberal application of your choice of vinegar.
Unfortunately, it doesn't ever quite work out this way because of how long vinegar lasts in soil. Since the acetic acid in vinegar will quickly wear away in soil, it won't be able to last long enough to do any lasting harm to the roots.
The very fact that acetic acid gets neutralized by soil is one of the main reasons why it's one of the most environmentally friendly weed killers.
The acid won't end up lingering long enough to do any lasting damage to any of the ecosystem, including other plants, pollinators like bees, and more.
To sum it up, the only kind of weed that you can expect tabletop vinegar to kill permanently is a seedling, as it won't have grown enough to be able to resist the vinegar enough to survive.
Also read -> Bleach vs Vinegar for Weeds – Whats better to kill weeds
How Long Does it Take for Vinegar to Kill Weeds?
After preparing a spray bottle full of white vinegar to get some weeds out of your garden, you may be wondering exactly how much time you'll spend on the task.
The actual time you spend spraying the vinegar will be variable, as that will depend on the size of the yard that you're working on.
You'll start to see the leaves on the weeds drying out and dying away within the first few hours after you spray your solution on them. Hardier weeds may last a little longer before you start noticing the signs of them drying away.
In these cases, you may have to wait for up to 24 hours before you start seeing an effect.
Keep in mind that the yellowing and drying of the leaves doesn't necessarily mean that the weed is dead in the first place.
If you neglect to keep reapplying vinegar to the plant, then you'll notice that the plant will start getting healthier by the day until the leaves that were supposedly gone start growing back.
To keep the plant dead, come back to it every day and keep spraying it with vinegar on the days that you see the plant trying to sprout a new set of leaves.
Keep in mind that there's no guarantee that this method will kill the plant permanently, as you'll need to take out the roots to be truly effective.
What About 20% Vinegar?
So far, we've only discussed using tabletop vinegar to attack the root systems that are sustaining the weeds in your garden.
However, there is also horticultural vinegar, which is about four times more acidic than the kind of vinegar that we would normally consume. While using horticultural vinegar is safer than using commercial weed killers, it is still dangerous.
The vinegar that we put in our food is already highly acidic, but when the concentration of acetic acid in the vinegar reaches about 20%, it becomes nearly too dangerous to handle.
You certainly want to avoid using 20% vinegar if you don't have protective gear like goggles, gloves, and a long-sleeved shirt.
This is because 20% vinegar can cause chemical burns on contact with your skin. It being more powerful also makes it more effective at killing weeds down to the root.
Unfortunately, 20% vinegar won't work anywhere near as effectively as commercial weed killers because of how easily it disperses.
Even large amounts of 20% vinegar in your soil will likely not get to the root of the weeds that are plaguing you, so this is not as reliable of a method as you may expect it to be.
Also, be wary of getting 20% vinegar on any of your tools, as it can corrode metal, wood, and even concrete.
Does Apple Cider Vinegar Kill Weeds?
If 20% vinegar doesn't do the trick, maybe apple cider vinegar will. Apple cider vinegar has been touted in recent years for its healthy properties, but can it also be a versatile enough tool to see use in your garden?
Considering apple cider vinegar tends to contain between 5% and 6% acetic acid, it's a little on the weak side.
Compared to other kinds of vinegar that you may have available in the pantry, apple cider vinegar isn't much more or less effective because of its similar acetic acid levels.
Much like other kinds of vinegar, the most you can expect from apple cider vinegar is to kill the plant's leaves.
You can expect to wait for about a day for apple cider vinegar to kill the leaves on a plant, but you may see new leaves sprouting out within the next few days after that.
As with any other weed-killing method, you have to either kill or remove the root to make your efforts permanent.
Does Vinegar, Epsom Salt, and Dawn Dish Soap Really Kill Weeds?
Epsom salt is one of the most effective ways to kill any type of plant because of how it sucks the moisture out of the surrounding soil.
However, there's a reason that "salt the earth" has become a relatively common saying since it's very unlikely that anything will grow on salted soil for a long time to come.
Mixing salt into vinegar and dawn dish soap will make for an effective weed killer, but it will also kill anything else that you try to plant in that bit of land.
Salt is so insidious in soil because it doesn't take effect instantly, so you may not know the extent of the damage you caused until it's too late.
By the time ten days have gone by, the salt will have made its way into the earth, making it impossible for anything else to grow there, though it will also have killed any existing weeds.
Unlike vinegar, salt also won't be neutralized over time, making that plot of land a dead zone for years to come.
What Kills Grass and Weeds Permanently?
If you're looking to get rid of the weeds in your yard or garden permanently, then you may not be satisfied with the performance of vinegar, despite its safety and eco-friendliness.
Unfortunately, if vinegar was such a convenient way to kill weeds, everyone would be doing it by now.
Instead, due to the relative ineffectiveness of vinegar, gardeners tend to resort to chemical weed killers which can penetrate deep into the root system and destroy the weeds from within.
The downside to this approach is that you may end up damaging other plants in the area and even potentially rendering them toxic, based on the weed killer formula that you're using.
If you don't like the idea of potentially poisoning all of your other plants while trying to kill some weeds, then you can start killing weeds the old-fashioned way: by uprooting them.
While pulling weeds out by their roots may be a bit more challenging than just pouring something on them, it's a much safer alternative to using chemical weed killers.
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It sounds like Classical Conversations is more supportive of concurrent enrollment than Dual Enrollment. Is that true?
When talking about college credits for our high school Challenge students, we are often asked to explain the difference between dual enrollment and concurrent enrollment. There is also some confusion about how these models work. We are also asked why we prefer one model over the other. We prefer the Classical Conversations Plus concurrent credit program because it honors our Challenge programs and allows parents to remain the students' primary mentors and teachers while the student earns college credit.


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Roman Emperor Clodius Albinus (195-197 AD)
Born c. 140 AD in Africa as Decimus Clodius Septimus Albinus. He was appointed governor of Britain between 191 and 192 AD. While supp ortive of Pertinax when he was raised to the purple, he opposed Didius Julianus upon his succession. Albinus accepted the rank of Caes ar under Septimius Severus after Julianus was deposed in April 193 AD. In December 195 AD he, along with three legions, left Britain f or Lugdunum and was there proclaimed Augustus. Severus returned from his Parthian campaign to put down Albinus's revolt and defeated h im at Lugdunum. Albinus committed suicide on 19 February 197 AD.
Listing of Roman Emperors and their Family | Index of Coin Papers


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The oldest-known representations of a pharaoh are carved on rocks near the Nile River in southern Egypt, researchers report.
Look closely — standing on the top of this boat is a crowned figure who may represent Narmer, the first pharaoh to rule unified Egypt. Oarsmen propel the boat along. Credit: Stan Hendrickx, John Coleman Darnell & Maria Carmela Gatto
The carvings were first observed and recorded in the 1890s, but only rediscovered in 2008. In them, a white-crowned figure travels in ceremonial processions and on sickle-shaped boats, perhaps representing an early tax-collecting tour of Egypt.
The scenes place the age of the carvings between 3200 B.C. and 3100 B.C., researchers report in the December issue of the journal Antiquity. During that time, Egypt was transitioning into the dynastic rule of the pharaohs.
"It's really the end of prehistory and the beginning of history," in Egypt, study researcher Maria Gatto told LiveScience.
Scenes of a ruler
Gatto, a Yale University researcher, led the archaeologists who rediscovered the site in 2008. Archaeologist Archibald Sayce first sketched the carvings, found at the village Nag el-Hamdulab, in the 1890s, but the only record of Sayce's discovery was a partial illustration published in a book.
The site was then forgotten until the 1960s, when Egyptian archaeologist Labib Habachi took photographs of the carvings, which he never published. It wasn't until one of these photos resurfaced in 2008 that Gatto and her team started searching for the site, which many people assumed had been destroyed in the interim.
Some of the carvings have indeed been vandalized since the 1960s, but Gatto and her team found the etched rocks in a natural amphitheater west of Nag el-Hamdulab. They then compared the carvings to Habachi's 1960s photographs.
There are seven carvings scattered throughout the area, and many are tableaus of boats flanked by prisoners. One of the most extensive carvings shows five boats, one of which houses the white-crowned pharaoh, his fan-bearer and two standard-bearers. Falcon and bull insignia on the pharaoh's boat symbolize royalty, further emphasized by the four men with ropes standing alongside that boat, likely towing it along the Nile.
A hieroglyph labels this scene a "nautical following," a likely reference to the following of Horus, Gatto said. In this periodic royal jaunt across Egypt, the pharaoh cemented power and collected taxes. Thus, not only do the carvings represent the oldest known vision of a pharaoh, they may also show the oldest Egyptian tax campaign.
Other carvings include a scene of people and dogs herding cattle and a cluster of animals, two of them apparently some mythical part-lion beasts. The other animals are familiar native African species, including two ostriches, an ibex and a bull. Another scene shows the brewing and drinking of beer, perhaps a reference to a festival.
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End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is irreversible kidney disease which requires treatment with an artificial kidney (dialysis) or a kidney transplant for a person to maintain life and health. In 1972, legislation was passed to extend Medicare coverage to virtually all people with ESRD. Network 17 is one of 18 Networks under contract with CMS to oversee the ESRD program. Network responsibilities include:
- Assuring the effective and efficient administration of benefits
- Improving quality of care for ESRD patients
- Collecting data to measure quality of care
- Providing assistance to ESRD patients and providers
- Evaluating and resolving patient grievances
The territory of Network 17 includes Northern California, Hawaii, Guam, Mariana Islands, and American Samoa.
Network 17 Goals
In accordance with the legislative mandate for the ESRD Network Program; to assist CMS in meeting Agency goals (e.g.,ensuring the right care for every person every time); and in keeping with sound medical practice, the strategic goals of the ESRD Network Program are to:
- Improve the quality and safety of dialysis related services provided for individuals with ESRD.
- Improve the independence, quality of life, and rehabilitation (to the extent possible) of individuals with ESRD through transplantation, use of self-care modalities (e.g., peritoneal dialysis, home hemodialysis), in-center self-care, as medically appropriate, through the end of life.
- Improve patient perception of care and experience of care, and resolve patient's complaints and grievances.
- Improve collaboration with providers to ensure achievement of the goals through the most efficient and effective means possible, with recognition of the differences among providers (e.g., independent, hospital-based, member of a group, affiliate of an organization, etc.) and the associated possibilities/capabilities.
- Improve the collection, reliability, timeliness, and use of data to measure processes of care and outcomes; maintain Patient Registry; and to support the ESRD Network Program.
Under the direction of CMS, the End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Network Program consists of a national network of 18 ESRD Networks, responsible for each U.S. state, territory, and the District of Columbia. ESRD Networks service geographic areas based on the number and concentration of ESRD beneficiaries.View Resource
If you have a concern about the care being provided to you or family member in a dialysis clinic, you may call the Network at any time. However, you are encouraged to speak to the clinic manager, charge nurse, or social worker first. This resource will provide you with more information about the Network grievance process, including how to file a grievance.View Resource
Network 17 is looking for patients to help improve the quality of care for ESRD patients by volunteering as patient subject matter experts on our Patient Advisory Committee (PAC).View Resource
Network 17 is looking for administrators, nephrologists, vascular surgeons, transplant surgeons, nephrology nurses, transplant nurses, social workers, registered dietitians, and patient care technicians from Florida ESRD facilities that are committed to improving the quality and experience of care for ESRD patients.View Resource
ESRD Network 17 | 1350 Old Bayshore Highway, Suite 328 | Burlingame, CA 94010 | _PHONE_

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


trepctl check Command
The check command operates by running a CRC check on the schema or table specified, creating a temporary table containing the check data and values during the process. The data collected during this process is then written to a consistency table within the replication configuration schema and is used to verify the table data consistency on the Primary and the Replica.
Because the check operation is creating a temporary table containing a CRC of each row within the specified schema or specific table, the size of the temporary table created can be quite large as it consists of CRC and row count information for each row of each table (within the specified row limits). The configured directory used by MySQL for temporary table creation will need a suitable amount of space to hold the temporary data.


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For many years, we have been developing tailored concepts for training and continuing education with various organisations. These concepts are attuned to the different goals and target groups in these organisations.
That is how we can meet the developmental needs of your managerial staff and employees as well as the requirements of your organisation. Participants can expect a practice-oriented programme in which a mutual exchange of experiences and work on projects are encouraged through exercises, reflection, incentives and role playing.
In this way, the competences of the participants can be further developed in the context of the requirements of the organisation.
- Consultation with the persons responsible for the programmes in order to define objectives and determine needs
- Development of practice-oriented programmes
- Conceiving and carrying out NPO seminars, NPO courses and workshops
- Support during learning projects
- Evaluation of the programmes and projects carried out
Benefits for your Organisation
- You can determine the topic and time of the continuing education measures
- Through the training, your team can achieve an updated and uniform level of knowledge
- Training together increases participants' ability to work in a team and their readiness to act in a solution-oriented manner within the team


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1. Open GameCIH
2. Select "Input Number"
3. Input the amount you want to change
4. Change the values a few times until you get 1-2 addresses
5. Lock the value(s)
6. Commit an action (such as making a recipe) for the change(s) to take effect
(I tried to change the popularity values, but I'd get 0 addresses every time)


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Rediff.com » News » Caste cloud over tsunami relief
Caste cloud over tsunami relief
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September 15, 2005 21:13 IST
Mary Kalyani has a simple question for the authorities: "Why are we treated like dogs and not like human beings?"
Kalyani, who lives in Chennai, is one of the thousands who lost everything to the tsunami that unleashed death and destruction across South Asia on December 26, 2004. She is also a Dalit -- the lowest strata of the caste hierarchy -- and not from the fishing community.
A United Nations study conducted in conjunction with the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank estimates that 20 percent of the tsunami-affected people are not fishermen, but engaged in agriculture and small and micro enterprises.
Most of them are Dalits.
Tsunami: Waves of destruction
Generally, fishermen live close to the sea. Dalits live next to them and work for the fishermen when they go out to the sea. The unwritten law is that only the fishing community can fish in the sea. Other communities can only help them. So, Dalits assist fishermen in making nets and selling their catch. Many Dalit women carry fish to the towns to sell. Dalits also cultivate on 'borrowed' land.
"Dalits lost their houses, their cultivation, everything (to the tsunami). Because they are not into fishing, these losses were not taken into consideration at all by the government," said V Karuppan, a former civil servant who is the convener of the National Campaign for Dalit Human Rights. "That was the first discrimination the Dalits faced."
In urban areas, mainly in places like Chennai, the fishing community live in government-allotted houses. They rent out the area in front of their houses to Dalit labourers. So, in these areas, it is not the fishermen but the Dalits who live close to the sea, but on illegal, unauthorised land.
Tsunami: picking up the threads
"I have been living in this area for the last 16 years. We lost everything to the tsunami," says Ramani, a Dalit who lives in Uroorkuppam in Chennai. "The fishermen drove us away from temporary shelters. They did not even allow us to have the food the government and the NGOs (non-government organisations) distributed. The government says only the fishermen lost everything. What about us, people who have voter's id card, ration card and electricity card? Do we exist only when they (politicians) need our votes?"
Sudhamma, who lives in Thiruvanmiyoorkuppam in Chennai, echoed Ramani. "When an NGO gave us food, the fishermen started abusing us; they even snatched the food that we had accepted," she complained. "We spent days and nights on the footpath -- we were not allowed inside the temporary shelter."
When Vallimayil, who works as a maid, asked some government officers for help, they allegedly asked her: 'Are you willing to do anything?'
Limping back: tsunami marriages
"This is the kind of humiliation we have to face," she said.
Karuppan said there were instances when the police refused to record the information about missing Dalits, while they did register FIRs  first information reports  about missing fishermen.
The NCDHR, the Human Rights Forum for Dalit Liberation and the Dalit Mannurimai Kootamaippu held a national public hearing in Chennai on discrimination against Dalits in tsunami relief and rehabilitation. The organisers informed the gathering that though the Tamil Nadu government had issued nearly 175 Government Orders after the tsunami, none took into account relief and rehabilitation for Dalits.
GO 583 speaks of livelihood and refers only to fishermen while GO 8 refers only to'marine' fishermen. What about the backwater fishermen, some of whom are Dalits, the organisers asked.
"Because the GOs refer only to fishermen, relief did not reach the Dalits," said Karuppan.
Despair, anguish and hope
It was also alleged that when the government was assessing tsunami damage in the first half of January, livestock owned by Dalits was not taken into account.
"Only when they (Dalits) blocked roads and put intense pressure was a re-enumeration started," said one of the organisers. "The outcome: The government wrote that the Dalits had no evidence of possession."
The question that was raised at the public hearing was: If there are fishermen next to the sea, and they have a total of 15 GOs that identify them as affected and there are two GOs for the sake of farmers who live further inland, why is it that the band of labourers who live physically between these two communities have no GOs that speak about their plight?
The organisers blamed the fishing community too for discriminating against the Dalits. About 210 Dalits had to walk 21 km to Mayiladuthurai when fishermen drove them out of a temporary tsunami shelter in Seerkazhi district, it was alleged. "The government officials turned a blind eye to it. The same thing happened in Tharangambadi district. Here, the Dalits were not given food for three days," said one of the organisers.
The heroes by the sea
The Dalit forum has asked for a white paper from the government about how much money was spent on fishermen and how much on Dalits. "Similarly, Dalits did not get the 60 kg rice and Rs 1000 a month promised by the government though the fishermen got both," said an activist.
The tsunami waves brought in seawater as much as 3 km inland. As 22,000 hectares of agricultural land was inundated, the winter crop that was ready for harvest in January was completely destroyed. The soil turned brackish, rendering it unfit for agriculture. The NCHDR estimates the loss to agriculture and livestock in India at over $37 million.
But Rajeswari of Odaikuppam, like Kalyani, has a smaller problem. "All that we had saved is gone with the waves. But according to the government, we don't exist."
Photographs: Sriram Selvaraj
Lead Photograph: Ami Vitale/Getty Images
Design: Dominic Xavier
Next week: The God of Small People. Life in the Andamans after the tsunami. Don't miss it!
Shobha Warrier in Chennai
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27 December 2012
Tips on getting gas for your vehicle
Confirmed at Wikihow -
And a link there led me to this tip at Life123:
You learn something every day.
 1. With all due respect I feel this post is somewhat in error or more clearly stated somewhat true but more internet hype. First, underground tanks today are 1) underground, where temperatures are near constant 2)double fiberglass tanked adding insulation to the stable ground temperature. Therefore time of day means little in regard to thermal expansion of gasoline stored underground.
 Not pumping when the tanker truck is discharging and stirring up the tanks sediment/water is likely a good idea.
 Slow pumping to reduce vaporization creates more time for vaporization likely equalizing the shorter time and higher rate of fastest pump setting. Besides, the amount of vaporized liquid on a 20 gal fill is negligible, slow or fast fill. Many pump nozzles have vapor reclaimer to prevent vapors from entering atmosphere.
 I found this comment on a 'thermal expansion of gasoline' blog which I feel is most accurate and helpful:
 From a first principles perspective, this seems possible but from a statistical perspective it seems like internet hype with a kernel of truth.
 First, some newer gas pumps use a temperature corrected flow meter that doesn't have this problem. Drewsser-Wayne shows the following flow meter corrector for use in europe: _URL_
 A bit of googling leads me to NIST Handbook 44 which says that the accuracy for a gas pump should be within 0.5% at 60F.
 SeeTable T.2. Accuracy Classes for Liquid Measuring Devices Covered in NIST Handbook 44 Section 3.30 on pg 3-15 of the following reference.
 This means that a 20 Gallon fillup could have an error of.1 gallon or about 375 ml due to intrinsic pump accuracy plus thermal error.
 According to the article cited by lugnet the thermal error for gasoline dispensed at 85F for a 20 gallon fillup is about 0.3 gallons.
 The worst the result could be on a 20 gal fillup is plus or minus 0.4 gallons,.3 from temperature and.1 from pump accuracy. If we assume that temperature is normally distributed, that the gasoline dispensed has temperature with average of 60 degrees plus or minus 25, that the temp expansion of gas is linear at the same rate above and below 60 (not actually true but close) and we also assume that the average pump error is 0 with a standard deviation of.1, propagating errors gets us that an average 20 gallon delivery at a random time during the year will be 20 gallons plus or minus.3 gallons. Thus intrinsic pump accuracy is fairly irrelevant in this case.
 I submit the following argument:
 Since weights and measures folks don't like short deliveries and punish for them, that eliminates most short deliveries. Since most of us live in a temperate climate, we benefit from cold deliveries and lose in hot deliveries.
 Since most of us buy gas year round and weights and measures folks have eliminated most of the short deliveries, we are likely on average during the course of a year to get more gas than we paid for.
 In short, if you buy one tank a year and it's July 4th after the gas truck has driven 8000miles from Armpit, TX where it's 85F and filled the station with hot gas then you will get shorted. If you buy gas every couple weeks like most of us then the temperature effect averages out to no net effect over the course of the year. Source: _URL_
 1. I agree. I've never given much credence to the thermal expansion claims, which is why I didn't copy them into my post.
 2. I am going to chime in and call shenanigans on the sediment issue. I'll agree that filling the station tanks may churn up the gunk. But any reputable gas station filters their fuel prior to dispensing it. They would be liable for the damage to your car if they didn't. In the Milwaukee area this fall a station put the wrong gas into (i believe the Premium tank) and damaged cars, they paid for the repairs to those engines and I am sure it was not cheap. And if for some reason they don't your car also has a fuel filter in it to prevent anything from getting past it to the engine. That is also why the myth that says "Don't run your cars tank to empty because it will cause it to suck the crud at the bottom of the tank" is also false. Because it is filtered before it is ever sent to your engine. Your vehicle will have "Change Fuel Filter" on it's scheduled maint. list (at least all older vehicles did).
 Not to mention that a moderately busy station has it's tanks re-filled almost every other day. Multiply this station re-fill event by the number of stations in this country and then cross reference to how often you have heard someone wrecking an engine from the sediment from a station. It is a non-issue.
 3. You can pump your own gas here in Oregon if you're on a motorcycle. The attendant has to hand you the nozzle and reset the pump, and run your credit card through the reader. When you're done you're supposed to hand the nozzle back to the attendant, but if there isn't one close by I just replace it myself. I've never been called on it in the 23 years I've lived here.
 I'm not certain if this is written into law, but it's a universal practice. I once asked an attendant why there was an exception for motorcyclists, and he said nobody wanted to be responsible for spilling gas on a custom-painted surface or a hot engine. It's as good a reason as any.
 4. I never could figure out how to set the handle to pump without my holding on to it. I remember when I was a kid and they had attendants to pump your petrol for you, and they'd set it to go and while it was pumping they'd wash your windscreen, check your oil and your tyres. But since I've been driving, nobody's ever shown me how to set the handle myself. Guess I should ask someone one day!
 1. Some pumps have little hinged levers that can be set to hold the squeeze handle. I see less and less of such levers as the years go by.
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The Norwegian Forest Cat is a healthy, robust natural breed that developed over hundreds of years of natural selection in a harsh climate. They are a slow-maturing breed that may take up to five years to reach full maturity.
This is a fairly low-maintenance breed, requiring minimal grooming. The Norwegian Forest Cat (or "Wegie") is an interactive, playful, loving member of any household.
The Norwegian Forest Cat's strong, sturdy body and thick coat are testaments to their evolution over the centuries in Scandinavia. They traveled with the Vikings, keeping their ships and villages free of vermin.
Referred to as the "Skogkatt", the Norwegian Forest Cat has been included in Viking legend and mythology.
By the 20th century, the Norwegian Forest Cat was becoming a rarity in its native land and was at risk of extinction. Consequently plans were started to ensure the future of the national cat in the 1930s but WWII interrupted this work. Finally in the 1970s the Norwegians put a special breeding program in place to protect the breed-and the breed received royal recognition when the late King Olaf designated them the official cat of Norway. The first breeding pair was imported into the United States in 1979. The International Cat Association was the first North American registry to grant Championship status to the Norwegian Forest Cat in 1984.
Intelligent and resourceful, the Norwegian Forest Cat is a mild-mannered breed that adapts easily to its environment. They are very interactive cats who enjoy being part of their family environment and love to play with any one who enjoys a game!
The Norwegian Forest Cat's body is large, muscular and substantial. Its strength and agility make it a natural hunter able to climb any surface.
The water-resistant, semi-long coat with a dense undercoat developed to help the cat survive in the harsh Scandinavian climate. During the cooler months, the ruff is full and the dense woolly undercoat thickens to protect the cat from the cold. In the summer, the coat will be shorter although it will still have a water repellent texture. The tail is long, full and flowing. While the coat is full and dense in the winter months, it is also a coat that does not require the daily care of some other longhaired breeds. It is a good idea, though, to give a little extra combing in the Spring when it is changing its heavy winter coat for its summer one. Its minimal care requirements make this the ideal longhair for the busy active family!
The Norwegian Forest Cat's head is the shape of an equilateral triangle, the profile of the nose long and straight. Eyes are large, almond-shaped, set at an oblique angle and very expressive. Ears are large, wide at the base and arched forward. Variety is the spice of life-and the Norwegian Forest Cat comes in a rainbow of colors for you to choose from.


Directives are special commands that do NOT use a semicolon.
!clear Clear input from a mistake. This erases the active memory back to the last prompt (>). However, it does not erase the display.
!credits Display the credits and copyright information.
!include Execute an external ISETLW file. Example: !include discrete.stl
!memory Display or increase ISETLW memory partition.!memory will show the current memory allotment.
Example:!memory 500000 will increase this to 500K.
!rational This is used to work with rational fractions instead of decimal representations. Setting!rational on will allow the calculation 5/4 + 3/8; to give the answer 13/8. Using!rational off to go back to decimal representation will cause 5/4 + 3/8; to give 1.625.
!setrandom This controls whether sets are displayed in order or randomly. The default is!setrandom on. In this situation, the elements of a set can appear in any order. Using!setrandom off will cause the command {1..9}; to produce {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.


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Coming to Orissa
The best time to visit Orissa is between October and March when climatic condictions are very pleasant and conducive to travel. This is also the time when many festivals take place in the state and when millions of migratory birds make their way from the north to nest in the lakes and forests of Orissa.
Orissa is attractive all your round, barring occasional high temperatures in the months of May, June, July, and a few weeks of rains during the monsoons - which has its own charme. The climate in Orissa is generally much to the advantage of visitors.
The history of Orissa goes back more than three thousand years. Orissa used to belong to the kingdom of Kalinga. Kalinga had control over most of the sea routes located in the Bay of Bengal through which it conducted its trade.
In 261 BC, a major war was fought in Orissa when the Kalinga nation went into battle against Emperor Ashoka's troops. The battle was particularly fierce, and it led to Emperor Ashoka embracing the idea of a completely non-violent lifestyle. He later became responsible for spreading Buddhism throughout Asia.
Orissa is located on the east coast of India. It is a little over sixty thousand square miles in size and has a population of around 30 million people. The state can loosely divided into three regions; the coastal plains, the middle mountainous area, and the plateaus.
Although the main language spoken in Orissa is Oriya, there are eleven other spoken languages. Orissa is home to three main religions, Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Orissa is rich in temples, handicrafts, carvings, dance and other art. One of the most famous dance forms of India is the Odissi dance style. Several dance festivals such as the Konarak dance festival feature Odissi dance performances.
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- appellation •
Part of Speech: Noun, proper
Meaning: A name, title, or other designation by which someone or something is called or identified.
Notes: Today's Good Word often trips up spellers because of its double double letters: two Ps and two Ls. In this respect it is like accommodate and millennium. Be careful. Its adjective is appellative "related to names or naming", as an appellative process. This word is related to appeal and, consequently, to appellate as in appellate court in ways discussed in today's Word History.
In Play: Today's word is better than simple name when you wish to point out that a name carries some special meaning: "I am afraid that Prudence is a captive of her own appellation, never driving over 50 miles per hour." This term is often applied to product names, especially wines: "Well, this wine may contain 'Pinot noir' in its appellation, but if you drink it, you may pinot more." However, it is never, never applied to mountains in the eastern United States (as sometimes occurs in college term papers); those are the Appalachian Mountains.
Word History: Today's Good Word comes from French appellation, the descendant of Latin appellatio(n), the noun from the verb appellare "to call, to entreat." This verb is a combination of ad "up to, before" + pellare "to push, beat, propel." An appeal is something pushed before an authority while an appellation is an abstraction applied to some object. The past participle of pellare is pulsus, the source of English pulse, a kind of beating. The root of pellare came directly into Old English via Old Germanic as fealt, which reached us as felt, a material made by pushing or compacting fibers together rather than by weaving them.
Come visit our website at for more Good Words and other language resources!


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Social media tools like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and even email, instant messaging, and SMS have become the defacto way we communicate with each other. Because of the mainstream embrace of social media, we now live in a world where information is shared at lightning speeds and as a result, we're actually finding ways to use that free flow of data and information to make the world a safer place to live.
From tracking trends in crime to finding the safest bike routes around a city, from getting emergency alerts during a disaster to understanding the spread of dangerous illnesses, social media is being used by both public officials and private citizens to make our cities safer. This post outlines just a few of the ways that social media tools are now being employed to keep the public safe and informed.
Find a Safe Place to Live
Before you even move to a new city, social media and mashups can help you to identify the safest places to live. Apartment data tracking web sites Zilpy and Apartment Ratings can both provide neighborhood crime statistics for those searching for a new place to live, for example. Another helpful tool is CrimeReports, which shows data on crimes committed in the vicinity of any street address in the United States; and families with children may want to use Vision 20/20's Sex Offender Locator to identify the neighborhoods where accused sex offenders are residing.
Using tools like these you can find the safest places to hunt for a new home or keep on top of crime in your neighborhood and recognize trends. Is crime on the rise? If so, then perhaps it is time to start thinking about moving to a new place, or maybe people in your area need to organize around making the neighborhood safer. Other sites, like Crime Mapping, which puts public crime data on interactive maps, and the aforementioned CrimeReports, are actually being used by police to identify local crime trends.
Elk River, Minnesota Police Chief Jeff Beahen told USA Today that online crime maps recently helped the department nab criminals after a series of burglaries. The department used a crime map to more accurately predict which area the burglars were planning to hit next and deploy officers more efficiently. "We caught them in the act," Beahen told the paper.
Local news site Everyblock also taps into public records to create mashups that can help keep people safe. In addition to plotting and tracking local crime, on many of the site's metro pages users can also get information about recent restaurant inspections, helping them to find a safe place to eat.
Getting Around Safely
Getting around a city safely can in many cases mean advance planning. Sites like Google Transit, HopStop.com, and PublicRoutes can help you navigate public transit systems more safely, while mass transportation-focused blogs like Inside Transit and Seattle Transit Blog keep people informed about the system and give them a place to sound off.
Social media is especially useful for those who get around on two wheels. In New York City, for example, NYC Bike Maps offers interactive views of the city's bike paths, lanes, and greenways, while Crashstat maps data about bike and pedestrian injuries and fatalities in the city. Both tools can be used to identify the most and least safe areas of the city to use a bicycle. And blogs, such as Bike Blog NYC, or Bike Portland in Portland, Oregon, and Bike Providence in Providence, Rhode Island, give bikers a way to come together, form a community, and stay informed about issues that affect bicycle safety in their city.
For those more interested in walking, maps mashups and social media sites can also be helpful in keeping you safe. The Stumble Safely site, for example, is a mashup that combines a crime map of Washington, DC, with a map of local bars, clubs, and eateries, helping you find the best places for safe nightlife.
Another way social media is helping to keep us more safe, is by keeping us more healthy. Social networks have allowed information to spread in new and unprecedented ways, but illness still spreads by human-to-human contact in the same way it always has. Social media is now allowing us to more easily track the spread of illnesses, however, and be more prepared to fight them. Both Healthmap and Who is Sick? track outbreaks of illness on a map (the former using public data from governmental sources, the latter using user generated reports).
This type of data can be helpful in keeping the public informed about potential outbreaks, helping us prepare better ways to stay healthy, and it can help researchers learn about how diseases spread. Researchers have actually used similar sites in the past to learn how sickness spreads around a population and can use that data to better predict the spread of infectious diseases.
Maps and social media mashups are also being used to keep the public up-to-date on the latest potential pandemic illnesses, as well. For example, the Swine Flu Tracking Map can be used by concerned citizens to keep on top of the latest outbreaks of the particularly worrisome H1N1 flu strain.
Keeping the Public Informed
Because social media channels offer such an amazing way to spread information, it's natural that many web services exist to keep citizens informed of important issues. CrimeWeb is a free, centralized, web-based clearinghouse for public safety information that is currently being used by many local government organizations across the US. Users can sign up to get alerts about missing children (Amber alerts) and adults, homeland security updates, major crimes and fugitives, as well as local community information. Similarly, crime data mapping web site SpotCrime offers free crime alerts by email, and also sells crime tracking iPhone applications (iTunes links) for New York City, San Francisco, Chicago, Baltimore, and London.
Mainstream social networking tools are also being used to keep the public informed and connected. The Police Department in Dallas, Texas, for example, uses Twitter to put out crime alerts, as do the police in Boston, Massachusetts with the _USER_ account. The Police Department in Richmond, Virginia, meanwhile, uses both Facebook and Twitter to connect with the public and answer questions, and in Michigan, the Department of Transportation is using social media tools like Twitter and YouTube to connect with those that use their services and keep people informed of changes and interruptions in the public transit system.
Local neighborhood crime watches are also finding social media tools useful. The Shreiber Crime Watch in Dallas, Texas uses a blog and SMS alerts to keep citizens up-to-date about potential threats, and the Safe Atlanta for Everyone neighborhood watch program in Atlanta, Georgia uses a Twitter account in addition to a blog to stay connected with the public.
In addition to keeping the public informed about matters of public safety, social media services have proven to be invaluable tools for organizing and connecting people and disseminating information during disasters. After the horrific massacre at Virginia Tech in 2007, for example, Facebook became an online gathering place as people began to reconnect with loved ones and work through their grief. And social media has been used each year as a way to track and get information about the seemingly annual wildfires in California (in 2009, 2008, and 2007).
In fact, web-based and social media resources are now among the first places people turn during a disaster. "It's becoming more organized," says Leysia Palen, a researcher at the University of Colorado at Boulder. "We see evidence that people are learning that online sources and communication can be very critical. Looking for help, searching lists of the missing, finding emergency housing online. It's become an important complementary news source and a way to get involved [...] People are increasingly going to online sources — with new ones emerging every day — and learning how to behave online in emergency situations."
With more and more public safety departments turning to social media to stay informed, it is becoming more commonplace for social media to be utilized in actual police work as well. In July, for example, the Boston Police used Twitter and Facebook to track down bicycle thieves, while the Los Angeles Police Department utilized YouTube in an effort to locate criminals that broke into actress Lindsay Lohan's home in August.
And using social media is becoming a common trend in modern police work. From police in New Zealand using Facebook to catch a burglar, to police in Ohio utilizing social networks to circulate pictures of criminals, social media tools are becoming the modern equivalents of the Post Office wanted poster.
Police are also using the things people post on social networks and blogs as a way to track down law breakers. "We are using this (Facebook) as a crime-fighting tool. It's becoming pretty common," said Indiana, Pennsylvania Police Chief William Sutton after his department utilized Facebook photos and videos posted on YouTube to identify out-of-hand party-goers at a post-Super Bowl street gathering last February.
While the latter is a case of what happens when criminals incriminate themselves on social networks, it is clear that social media tools are being used in smart ways by police departments and neighborhood watch groups to make our cities safer.


Dynamic Occupancy Planning
We're transforming how we deliver occupancy solutions by leveraging AI to enable "always on" space optimization and improve human performance in the hybrid workplace
Why now?
74% of employees want to work in the office in some capacity
71% of employees expect more flexible schedules
70% of employees prefer office environments for collaboration
Source: JLL online survey of 2,033 office workers across 10 countries spanning all major industries, October 2020
How we can help
Through Dynamic OP, we introduce transformative planning methods like dynamic zones and micro supply/demand management. They are brought to life via three digital elements – revolutionary artificial intelligence, powered by GoSpace AI, smart space assignments and utilization data – to effectively manage space and occupancy in hybrid office environments.
People discussing over the meeting
1 of 1
Virtual event: Dynamic occupancy management for the hybrid workplace
Create more efficient and effective workplaces with transformative occupancy planning methods and technologies.
Outcomes you can expect
Create "always on" space optimization
Enhance human performance
Identify opportunities to reduce operating costs


text:
Sun protection and schools: An educational package to protect children from ultraviolet radiation
This comprehensive package of materials for children s sun protection education includes:
- Sun Protection and Schools: How to make a difference, which describes the importance of sun protection in schools, and outlines necessary steps for establishing a school programme
- Sun Protection: A primary teaching resource, which is for primary school teachers and provides suggestions and ready-made teaching activities.
- Evaluating School Programmes to Promote Sun Protection, which is for schools, and educational and health authorities.
Additional information, teaching resources, and activities can be obtained from the list of sun protection school programmes and interactive websites for children listed in the annexes.


Last 10 additions
 1. Gamespace (AGK) - Example of how to submit and retrieve scores using the online GameSpace system.
 2. Memblock drawing functions (DBP) - A set of anti-aliased drawing routines that write directly to an image memblock. This is useful for creating custom graphics while preserving background transparency.
 The box and circle commands can draw either an outline or filled-in. The circle has a radial gradient function.
 makeMemblockImage(memblock_num, width, height, fill_color)
 mem_circle(memblock_num, centerX, centerY, radius, color, fill, preseveBackground)
 mem_circle_gradient_radial(memblock_num, centerX, centerY, radius, innerColor, outerColor, gradient_centerX, gradient_centerY, gradient_radius, preseveBackground)
 mem_rounded_box(memblock_num, x1, y1, x2, y2, radius, color, fill, preseveBackground)
 mem_line(memblock_num, x1, y1, x2, y2, color, preseveBackground)
 mem_box(memblock_num, x1, y1, x2, y2, color, fill, preseveBackground)
 The preserveBackground option does just what it says. If turned off, the drawing routine will overwrite any pixel data currently in its pixels' positions. If turned on, it will use a form of alpha compositing to blend the drawing operation on top of any current data. It has a few quirks here and there, but works well in most situations.
 3. Angle between vectors (DBP) - Retrieves the angle between two 2D vectors
 4. Sprite Clipping (DBP) - Clips the view of a sprite by resizing it and altering its UV texture coordinates.
 5. Base64 Encoder-Decoder (AGK) - A base64 encoder and decoder.
 6. Draw Text (AGK) - Somtimes you just want to output some data to the screen in a specific area, but print() doesn't allow you position it and the other default text commands require you create an object for every line of text and requires you to manually update that object if you're outputting say a variable that changes during main loop. This is a quick fix to those problems.
 7. Last Key Press (AGK) - getRawLastKey() only return the last key to be pressed, even after it's been released. This snippet will track multiple keys so that getLastKeyPress() will return whichever key is currently still pressed. So if you press multiple keys then release one, it'll return the last key that's still pressed down, where the AGK version could still return the number of the key you've already released.
 8. HTTP retrieve page (AGK) - Example shows how to retrieve the html code/response from an HTTP url.
 9. Vector Library (AGK) - A library of 2D and 3D vector commands.
 10. spinning coins (DBP) - Demo of rotating coins dropping from the sky
Math/Physics (18)
Code which typically deals with vectors, splines, simulations, trigonometry, geometry, collision detection and response, equations, algorithms, etc...
Graphics (17)
Code which typically involves achieving specific graphical effects such as flood fill, texture generation, or 3D special effects like particles and bloom
GUI (4)
Graphical User Interfaces, menu systems, and UI components
I/O (3)
Code pertaining to input/output operations or file system commands.
Networking (2)
Anything dealing with communication over a network, local or Internet
Miscellaneous (13)
Code which cannot be defined by any other existing category will end up here
Games (1)
Short mini games, most often remakes of old classics
Memblocks (2)
Manipulating sound, object, or image data using memblocks


text:
Face Paint Step by Step Instructions
Face painting is popular at just about any children's event. Children love glitters, colours and make up!
We have a wide range of high quality, safe and non-toxic face paint. See below some design ideas and step-by-step instructions.
Download our easy to follow step by step face paint instructions:
1.Click on the link and print the instructions.
2. Get your face paint materials and let your imagination talks.
Tips to get started:
- If your design has both light and dark colours, always apply the light colours first.
- When using your brush, make sure your brush strokes are even and continuous.
- Keep your designs as simple as possible, as your subject will want to start playing right away!
- Be careful when painting near the eyes.
- Use a sponge to add a base colour or for a quicker application.
- Use a crayon to add detail and line work.
- You can mix face paints for more colours. For example, red+white will make pink.
- Colorific Facepaint is fast drying and easily washes off with water.
- For best results, simply mix in a small amount of water.


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Phylogeny and Evolution of Angiosperms
paper, 370 pp., $64.95
Primarily designed for graduate students and researchers in biology, botany, and paleontology, this technical text focuses on the past decade's developments in understanding the long history of angiosperms. Recent advances in molecular biology in particular have brought new evidence relative to the evolution of angiosperms, compelling contemporary scientists to rethink previously accepted classification systems. The authors provide many examples in the course of the text to illustrate relationships that have evolved over time. Their larger goal with this book is to stimulate further research to identify the complicated evolution of individual characteristics and to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between angiosperms. The book is well illustrated with tables, drawings, photographs, and an "angiosperm supertree" indicating relationships between taxa. Even though references are extensive, this volume lacks a glossary, an essential feature necessary to attract a larger readership.
— Marilyn K. Alaimo, garden writer and volunteer, Chicago Botanic Garden
- enjoy your visit
- at the garden
- your garden
- support us


text:
Sci. STKE, 4 September 2001
Microarrays Information with a Twist
DNA microarrays show tremendous power for yielding information. By sorting on the basis of fluorescent protein expression, Furlong et al. acquired enough biological material to do DNA microarray analysis on Drosophila embryos of known developmental stages and known mutant status. With a particular view toward mesoderm development, the data yield information on hundreds of genes that are turned on and off during normal mesoderm development, seemingly orchestrated by a particularly important transcription factor, Twist. Analysis of embryos lacking Twist and embryos overexpressing Twist, when compared to expression profiles from normal embryos, leads to insights into the function of individual genes as well as groups of coregulated genes.
Citation: Information with a Twist. Sci. STKE 2001, tw13 (2001).
Science Signaling. ISSN _PHONE_ (online), _PHONE_ (print). Pre-2008: Science's STKE. ISSN _PHONE_


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Climbing our aerial adventure park is an extremely safe activity as long as all of the Course Rules are followed. All climbers must follow the safety instructions from our expert park monitors and guides.
TreeHoppers set the gold standard for aerial adventure park course construction and management in Central Florida, with the following:
- Our course was engineered to adhere to all industry standards for maximum loads and forces.
- TreeHoppers was constructed by an expert team of fabricators, meeting or exceeding industry standard construction.
- Each of our park monitors and guides receive a rigorous, ACCT-derived training program to fully prepare them for any scenario they may encounter.
- Daily inspections of both aerial and ground elements take place before a single customer climbs in the park.
- Climbing harnesses are provided to each participant. These are the same types of harnesses used by professional climbers throughout the world. Each customer is personally fitted by our expert park monitors and guides to ensure a snug, safe fit.
- We use the proprietary Bornack safety lanyards with all of our climbing harnesses. While the cost of this safety system is several times more than what some of our competitors use, it is a nearly error proof system that even small children can use with ease. Simply put, the system is nearly impossible to unhook the Bornack safety lanyard from our lifeline cable system, even if attempted intentionally.
Trust TreeHoppers for a safe, adventurous day of fun!


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A ball is thrown upward with a velocity of 30.0 m/s. Compute for:
a. the time to reach the maximum height
b. the maximum height reached
c. the time before the ball returns to the origin
d. the velocity with which the ball returns to the origin
1 Answer | Add Yours
Let's assume that the initial height is zero. If not, nothing changes but the question b.: what is the maximum height reached over the initial height?
Denote the initial velocity as 'V_0.' It is positive and upward. The velocity of the ball as a function of time is
and the height of the ball is
where 'g approx 10m/s^2' is the gravity acceleration.
The maximum height is reached when 'V(t_1)' is zero. It is going to be negative after that moment, so the ball starts to fall.
at 't_1=V_0/(g)=3(s).' This is the answer to the question a.
b. The maximum height is 'H(t_1)=V_0*V_0/(g)-(g*(V_0)^2/(g^2))/2=(V_0^2)/(2g).'
In this case it is 900/20=45 (m).
c. The time 't_2' when the ball returns to the origin is when 'H(t_2)=0,' i.e.
The root 't_2=0' corresponds to the initial moment while 't_2=(2V_0)/(g)' =6(s) is the return time. It is no surprise that 't_2=2t_1' because the path of the ball is symmetrical.
d. 'V(t_2)=V_0-g*t_2=V_0-g*(2V_0)/(g)=-V_0' =-30(m/s).
This means 30m/s downwards, also no surprise.
Of course all above is true if we ignore the air resistance (which is not entirely correct).
We've answered 319,631 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question


text:
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is commonly used in cosmetics as cleansing agents, emulsifiers, skin conditioners, surfactants.
According to a report in the International Journal of Toxicology by the cosmetic industry's own Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) committee, impurities found in various PEG compounds include ethylene oxide; 1,4-Dioxane; polycyclic aromatic compounds; and heavy metals such as Lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, and arsenic. Many of these impurities are linked to cancer. Despite this, the CIR concludes that many PEG compounds "are safe for use" in cosmetics but adds that PEG compounds should "not be used on damaged skin."
PEG compounds have been found to open the pores of the skin, enabling environmental toxins to more easily enter the body. Examples of these environmental toxins are DDT and DDE, both of which have the ability to influence the endocrine and reproductive systems.
PEG is also known to cause allergic reactions on skin with sun exposure, otherwise known as "Mallorca Acne".
According to the Environmental Working Group, the following percentages
of common toiletries contain PEG compounds and other impurities that are
linked to breast cancer:
Hair Dye 79.5%
Baby Bath Wash 73.8%
Douche/Personal Cleanser 58.3%
Menopause Cream 54.5%
Depilatory Cream/Hair Remover 48.2%
Baby Lotion/Oil 46.4%
Anti-Itch/Rash Cream 46.3%
After Sun Products 45.5%
Lip Balm/Treatment 43.6%
Facial Moisturizer/Treatment 42.0%
Shaving Products 41.3%
Anti-Aging Treatment 41.0%
Styling Product 39.6%
Eye Treatment 38.8%
Foot Odor/Cream/Treatment 37.3%


text:
I first discovered Umeboshi vinegar several years ago when I was cooking a lot of vegan/vegetarian food. It came in handy when I needed some 'of the sea' flavor. This very salty liquid (technically a brine) still has a place on my pantry shelf today, where I add it to recipes like Chickpea of the Sea
or sprinkle it over steamed vegetables.Umeboshi vinegar (also called ume plum vinegar) is the by-product of the umeboshi making process. Umeboshi are those red, pucker-up delicious pickled fruits used in many Japanese dishes. These fruits, called ume in Japanese, are often referred to as plums but are technically more closely related to apricots.
Traditionally the ume are dried and then preserved in a salt brine with purple perilla (shiso) leaves that add a bright red color. These days, some brands use red dye in place of the leaves as well as less salt, which can prompt the use of artificial preservatives. The Eden brand, which is widely available in the US, uses the traditional method. The ume fruits are pressed and the liquid that comes out of them is bottled up for use as a condiment.
Umeboshi vinegar is used widely in Japanese cooking as a seasoning. It's tossed with steamed vegetables and sprinkled over sautéed greens and rice. In the US, it first became popular outside of Japanese communities in the 1970's when people began exploring macrobiotic and Japanese cooking. The vinegar is super salty, with a sour, fruity flavor. It is quite unique and can be creatively applied to vegetarian and vegan dishes where a sea-like or fish flavor is desired. Some people use it in place of fish sauce, although its flavor is fruitier and brighter to my palate. Be careful to adjust any salt in your dish, as often the addition of umeboshi vinegar will be enough.
- Ingredient Spotlight: Umeboshi
- How to Make Umeshu (Japanese Plum Liquor)
- In Season Right Now: Japanese Ume Plums
- Try This: Umeshisho Maki Sushi
- Vegetarian Lunch: Chickpea of the Sea
(Image: Lynn Chen/The Actor's Diet)


A. Exchange 2010 introduces a new archiving capability. With the archive, users have a second mailbox, the archive mailbox that exists in the same Mailbox database and is available from both the Outlook client and Outlook Web Access. The Archive mailbox is associated with the user's primary normal mailbox and the management of the archive and primary is identical. The primary mailbox is available online and offline and its content is stored in the Outlook OST cache file. The archive mailbox isn't cached on the user's local machine and is therefore only available online.
The online-only storage is the point of the archive. As you increase the size of mailboxes, you don't necessarily want all the data stored locally on user machines, because it can lead to very long initial download times when users get a new machine. The data users frequently access is stored in the primary mailbox, which is ideally less than 10GB and is cached locally. Everything else is stored in the archive mailbox and available online, so it can be much larger and contain historical data. Because the archive mailbox is part of the same mailbox database, its availability is the same as the primary mailbox (i.e., it will be replicated as part of a database availability group).
The user experience for the archive is intuitive. Users will see their mailbox and their archive mailbox. They can drag and drop a PST file into the archive and the PST will be imported into the archive automatically, or users can schedule the import to happen at outside of working hours. The viewing and navigation of the primary and archive mailbox is the same. If a user searches all mail items, the archive content is included. Users or administrators can set retention policies so that mail is automatically moved to the archive after a number of days, and different policies can be set on different folders.
The goal of this feature is to kill off local PST files, which are a nightmare to maintain and backup and are very difficult to search and manage from a compliance perspective. Functions exist to allow delegation of search capabilities to compliance officers so they can easily find email over all mailboxes in the environment, and legal holds can be placed on items so they aren't deleted.
In my opinion, Microsoft has missed the boat on this feature. The fact that the archive has to be in the same mailbox database as the primary means that you can't host the primary mailbox on one tier of storage (such as higher availability, higher performance) and the archive on a lower tier of disk. The Microsoft position is that the lower tiered disk for the archive isn't required because all storage can now be just a bunch of disks (JBOD) because of the low IO profile of Exchange 2010. That being said, I think in a future Exchange service pack they will change this design to allow the archive to be in a separate mailbox database.
Related Reading:


text:
How do you navigate being an Indigenous women in the 21st century?
Learn about their journeys
These five women agreed to share their time and stories, to question themselves, and to challenge
the objectifying and victimizing narratives on Native women. They were the key collaborators who made this project a reality.
They are proud of their diverse origins, and affirm themselves as strong and resilient young women.
They took part in the following research activities:
the sharing circles
the traditional dance workshops
the photography sessions
Contact: Louise Romain
Short bio: Digital anthropologist and activist researcher, currently based in the UK.


happy woman
Most people don't think "information management" when they hear "customer experience."
But in a world where fresh competition seems to emerge almost daily, the task of providing an exceptional customer experience demands a collaborative effort from every corner of the organization.
In order to achieve the cohesion necessary to enhance customer experience and satisfaction, we must lay the groundwork for effective information management and document collaboration.
Some businesses may find that providing employees with the right collaboration tools is the key to enhancing overall customer experience, while others may find an opportunity to apply these principles even more broadly as part of their customer acquisition and retention strategies.
Whichever applies to your organization, these three approaches to modernizing information management can revolutionize the relationship between your organization and your customer.
1. Bring Order to Document Disarray
Having instant access to information in one place is no longer considered a luxury — especially when it relates to customers.
According to a recent Forrester report, 79 percent of knowledge workers directly communicate and collaborate with customers. Yet the ever-expanding assortment of CRM systems, cloud-based storage options and communication tools can make accessing and organizing information a challenge.
With such a high percentage of your workforce interfacing with customers, it's essential to simplify the way information is organized, documented and communicated across all departments.
An integrated business suite can reduce the superfluous time it takes to find and utilize order or contract details, customer information and other transactional intricacies that may be spread across different programs. For example, integrating document collaboration solutions with CRM platforms allows any employee across the organization to easily access all customer information and documentation, in context, with just a few clicks.
Integrating document collaboration solutions can also enhance overall employee productivity.
Independent analyst firm Nucleus Research found that using an integrated suite can help companies accelerate financial close times by up to 50 percent, increase sales productivity by 12.5 percent, raise inventory turns by 50 percent, and cut order processing time by up to 66 percent. These efficiencies create new opportunities to benefit the customer more quickly and competently — whether it's closing a sale, processing an order or offering excellent customer support.
2. Provide Around-the-Clock Accessibility
The days of employees remaining confined to their desks for eight consecutive hours are gone. Modern knowledge workers embrace a more fluid approach to "the office," often working remotely, operating on flexible hours or staying on call to address any urgent issues.
These adjustments to daily workflow create the need to provide employees with 24/7/365 access to their documents and workflows. Employees need the ability to not just access their files, but to work with them accordingly, from editing and signing to annotating and sharing with colleagues or customers.
Likewise, customers don't operate on a 9-to-5 basis. Allowing your employees universal access to their documents enables them to be productive and impactful at any time of day, especially when your customers need it most.
In our fast-paced world, quick response times and extraordinary customer relationships can set you apart from the competition while driving customer acquisition, retention and loyalty.
3. Enable Innovation
When employees are given a simple way to collaborate effectively, a new culture of innovation is born. Google commissioned an international study that discovered an 81 percent positive correlation between collaboration and innovation.
Enabling employees to brainstorm together is an invaluable part of making a product more valuable to consumers. Thanks to advances in document collaboration, employees benefit from real-time visibility and seamless information sharing that can bolster fresh ideas and renewed innovation.
IBM recently explored this link between collaborative corporate environments, innovation and the customer experience. Its study revealed that "extensively collaborative" companies performed better than their peers, and companies that collaborated with external sources, such as customers and partners, made more money than those that didn't.
Happiness is Contagious
As businesses generate and process increasing amounts of complex information, CIOs and IT are under new pressure to prioritize information management and implement strategies that benefit the customer.
Yet at the root of these efforts, we must remember that the most direct route to an exceptional customer experience is through a happy workforce.
By saving time, reducing frustration and promoting organization, strategic information management can empower employees to work more efficiently and enrich performance. With the right tools and effective collaboration strategies, employees can streamline their efforts to spend less time on common annoyances — and more time providing an excellent customer experience. And if the customer is happy, everyone's happy.
Title image "Happy" (CC BY 2.0) by jwerkman


Algebra 1
Published by Prentice Hall
ISBN 10: _PHONE_
ISBN 13: 978-0-13350-040-0
Chapter 10 - Radical Expressions and Equations - 10-3 Operations with Radial Expressions - Practice and Problem-Solving Exercises - Page 617: 57
$s$$\sqrt 3$
Work Step by Step
We know that any triangle in this figure has a hypotenuse of $s$ and a height of $\frac{s}{2}$. We know that this is the height because it is given that the vertical blue crosspiece is $s$, and half of $s$ is $\frac{s}{2}$. This triangle embodies the properties of a 30-60-90 triangle, so using the properties of this triangle, we can solve for the missing side length. After finding the missing side length, make sure to multiply it by 2 to find the length of the horizontal red crosspiece:
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text: Nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films are useful for the lubrication of miniaturized mechanical systems, such as hard disk drives or microelectromechanical systems. However, there are no established methods for measuring the mechanical properties of such thin films, which can be an obstacle to the optimal design of lubrication systems. We previously developed a highly sensitive method for measuring shear forces, which we called the fiber-wobbling method (FWM). In the FWM, we used a ball-ended optical fiber to probe shear and we measured the friction force acting on the probe tip by detecting the deflection of the fiber. By this means we succeeded in measuring friction forces in nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films. However, we could not evaluate the mechanical properties of the films quantitatively because the contact area between the probe tip and lubricant film was unknown. Here, we developed a method for measuring the contact area during shearing of nanometer-thick liquid lubricant films in the FWM.


text:
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2 Definitions of Asepsis
The definition of asepsis, the meaning of the word Asepsis:
Is asepsis a scrabble word? Yes!
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I have an ip array like below and I want to convert it to smallest cidr subnet list. Is there a library for that in Java?
For example:
converted to
Thanks in advance.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 1 down vote accepted
I don't know whether there is a library available in Java. Indeed, I know little about Java :) But I can give you an algorithm for solving the problem, if that is any help.
1) Convert the ip addresses into pairs of integers, where the first integer is the binary representation of the ip address (a.b.c.d -> a << 24 + b << 16 + c << 8 + d) and the second integer is 32 (that is, initially each address is it's own subnet [1]).
2) Sort the list of pairs.
3) Now scan the sorted list, starting at the second pair. For each pair, if you can combine it with the previous one, do so and continue to try until combining as long as possible. Two pairs [base1, bits1] and [base2, bits2] can be combined if bits1 == bits2 and base2 - base1 == 1 << (32 - bits1). In that case, the combination is [base1, bits1 - 1].
4) Finally, convert the pairs back into CIDR notation: the first integer is the base of the subnet (when converted back to dotted decimal) and the second integer is the bitwidth.
Both steps 2 and 3 are O(n log n)
Footnote 1: In your example, you don't include the addresses with last byte 0, which means my algorithm will fail in your test case. You'd have to add them to the list. This point reveals a subtle but important detail in the definition of what a CIDR subnet is: technically, the smallest possible subnet is /30, because both the first and last ip of the range are reserved. Consequently /31 would have no valid IP addresses. However, people often use the term CIDR subnet to mean "a bitmask which recognizes a set of IP addresses", as in their use as filter expressions.
share|improve this answer
Try as :
public class Test {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 String[] ipArray1 = new String[]{"", "", "", ""};
 String[] ipArray2 = new String[ipArray1.length];
 for(int i=0; i < ipArray1.length; i++) {
 String temp = ipArray1[i];
 ipArray2[i] = temp.substring(0,6) + "0/24";
 for(String ip : ipArray2) {
Output :
share|improve this answer
Are you kiddin'? What will happen if ip is like ip. substr will fail. I need an algorithmic solution or a library. Your solution is based on my input but with different input it will fail. – denizeren Sep 21 '12 at 5:47
if so, why did not submit like that in your post completely? I just solve the problem as post. – CycDemo Sep 21 '12 at 6:05
That's not even a real answer. Writing anything that just produces a given output is a waste of everyone's time. It clearly doesn't solve the very clearly posed question. – sillyMunky Feb 5 '13 at 19:26
Your Answer


text:
Ask any woman what she's looking for in a man, and often times the first response is "sense of humor." Most men, who don't make a living as a male model, will typically scoff or roll their eyes. Well, now there is a report out of France that confirms the attractiveness of humor and attempts to explain the phenomenon.
The study is published in the journal Psychological Reports, and has the unfortunate long name of "Men's sense of humor and women's responses to courtship solicitations: an experimental field study."
Here's what researchers did -- they sat three men in a bar near a woman. Then one of the men would tell three jokes that were chosen for their funniness by a panel of women.
"Two friends are talking: "Say, buddy, could you loan me 100 Euros?" "Well, you know I only have 60 on me." "Ok, give me what you've got and you'll only owe me 40."
A young teacher is interviewing for a position. He is asked: "Can you give me three reasons why you wanted to be a teacher?" The interviewee promptly answers: "December, June, and July."
A little boy asks his Dad, "What's a bank?" His Dad answers: "It's a place where you put your money for awhile, before the IRS takes it all away.""
Obviously French women don't know what's funny. (After all, they're still laughing at Jerry Lewis.)
In any case, the other two men would say things like "That's hilarious!" and "You always know the good ones!" They would then leave, and the crazy, funny joke-teller would ask the eavesdropping woman for her phone number.
The study claims:
The previous expression of humor was associated with greater compliance with the male confederate's request and with a higher positive evaluation.
Meaning, he got the number in most cases. Besides proving the incredible value of always having a wingman who will laugh at all your bad jokes, the author speculates further:
Humor for women may perhaps be interpreted as a personal trait related to intelligence; intelligence is an important trait in evaluating the probability of obtaining higher status and success in financial prospects. This effect could explain why men used humor more frequently than women because the lack of humor is associated with less interest in the female's mental activity.


How to Manage and Control Lubricant Consumption
Noria Corporation
It is likely that every consumer in North America and around the world is aware of the ever increasing cost of crude oil and gasoline.
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) has failed to control the cost of crude oil through failure to follow basic economic rules of supply and demand.
Also, the recent hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico have reduced the critical output of refineries and caused significant concern of almost crisis proportions.
The cost of crude affects much of what we do in our daily lives. America's economy relies on the products refined from crude and as the price continues to increase, the price to do simple tasks in our daily lives increases as well.
Everything including air travel, gasoline and diesel, the cost to manufacture consumer goods, the costs to ship items and heat homes has and will continue to be affected by the cost of crude oil. More importantly, the cost of crude is deeply affecting the cost of lubricating oils around the world.
Figure 1 (Source: New York Mercantile Exchange)
$100 Barrel
The price of crude oil on the New York Mercantile Exchange has increased significantly in recent years. The cost of one barrel increased from just over $20 a barrel pre-9/11 to almost $70 a barrel post-Hurricane Katrina. Experts are contemplating where the price of a barrel of crude could go; some say that $100 per barrel may be a harsh possibility.
Base Oils
The cost of crude has a direct effect on the price of lubricating oils and greases. In the past year, for example, the cost of VGO 220 Paraffinic Group II base oil has climbed from $1.89 to $2.50 per gallon.
Based on the 32 percent increase in base oil costs, it is likely that the lubrication industry has evolved to handle and store lubricants accordingly. Right? Unfortunately, most will require more than a price increase for us to get serious about handling and storage. Regrettably, there is a much greater issue beyond handling and storage.
Oil Consumption
Now more than ever, oil consumption and consolidation are at the forefront of most lubrication programs. The simple fact is that management wants to cut costs and has wrongly identified lubricants as a great way to achieve this goal. But what are the root causes of excessive oil consumption?
Some amount of lubrication can be expected to be consumed over the course of a year, but beyond the top-ups, most companies are literally throwing away money on tasks that add no value or simply from neglect.
Some root causes for excessive oil consumption are obvious. They include the following:
 - Leakage
 - Overhauls and rebuilds
 - Time-based oil changes
 - Overlubrication
Aside from leakage consuming volumes of lubricants, overhauls and rebuilds, time-based oil changes and overlubrication point to planned maintenance as the root cause of excessive oil consumption. It has been estimated that 50 percent of planned maintenance tasks have absolutely no value. Some, such as overlubrication, are potentially damaging to components.
Figure 2 (Source: Lube Report: Industry News from Lubes-n-Greases)
Drivers on the road have been programmed to change their vehicles' oil and filter on a time-based or mileage-based interval. Without the aid of modern science, planned maintenance is practiced on an engine's lubrication system, not knowing if this time-based or mileage-based interval is accurate or appropriate for the vehicle.
Regrettably, this same practice has been applied in industry. It is common for facilities to change the oil in most of their oil sumps once a year without using oil analysis to confirm the condition of the lubricant.
But what is the real cost of changing oil in sumps and reservoirs? Aside from the apparent costs, the lubricant and the labor to change the oil, there are several less apparent costs that need to be recognized, including the cost of supervision, permits, oil disposal costs, etc. These collectively can account for up to 900 percent of the apparent costs.
Knowing that an oil change can cost up to 900 percent of the apparent cost should encourage companies to search for alternatives that add more value to a program. It is clear that oil analysis must be used and PM tasks be improved to reduce oil consumption.
Oil Analysis
Making the move from preventive planned maintenance to procedure-driven condition-based maintenance will help to capitalize on and provide substantial credit to a lubrication program. Significant savings can be realized almost immediately if the WIC method is followed in planning maintenance tasks. The WIC method combines the following techniques to minimize oil consumption and add value to a maintenance program:
 - Wear debris analysis to plan rebuilds and overhauls.
 - Implement a strategic precision lubrication program to effectively relubricate components.
 - Condition-based oil changes instead of time-based preventive oil changes.
It is a fact that the cost of oil will continue to increase as the demand increases beyond the supply. Our task is then to ensure our precision lubrication program is strategically aligned to realize all the benefits of oil analysis to help circumvent unnecessary costs related to lubricating operating equipment.
Following strategic steps to plan lubrication maintenance more effectively helps to reduce the number of valueless tasks performed in a day, thus increasing the amount of time lube technicians can spend on value-added jobs instead.
Subscribe to Machinery Lubrication


text:
From the same article on wikipedia:
The inbreeding is computed as a percentage of chances for two alleles to be identical by descent.
Now let's draw a family tree for such mating and sign chances for having each allele:
You can see, that the "brother" has a 50% chance of receiving A allele and the "sister" has a 50% chance of receiving A from their mother, but the "brother" will not have the C allele that the sister certainly has. Their daughter will have the allele from her father and one of mother's alleles. Therefore, her chances of having a C allele are 50%, and for a A or a B allele each 75% (remember, she needs two copies, so we need to end up with 200%; furthermore, she may have two A alleles but not more than one C allele). Chances of her having two A or two B alleles are 56,25% $$0.75 * 0.75 = 0.5625$$
Now we have the percentage of chances for two alleles to be identical by descent, her inbreeding coefficient is 56,25%.
The son will have only one allele, 50% for C, 25% for A and 25% for B. Because he does not have two alleles, by definition there is no inbreeding possible.


Robert Barta > TM > TM::Tau::Filter
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Module Version: 0.4 Source
TM::Tau::Filter - Topic Maps, abstract filter class
 my $tm =... some map (or another filter)
 my $filter = new TM::Tau::Filter (left => $tm);
 $filter->sync_in; # this will pass on the sync in to the left operand
 # after that, the filter itself holds the result (which is a map)
 $filter->instances (....);
Filters are special maps in that their content depends on another map and a particular transformation to get the map result. If you consider the expression
 some_map.atm * some_transformation
then some_transformation is applied to the map coming from the map some_map.atm. This scheme can be expanded to the left:
 some_map.atm * some_transformation1 * some_transformation2
so that a whole chain of transformations can be applied to a map. The expression has to be interpreted left-associative, so as if written as
 (some_map.atm * some_transformation1) * some_transformation2
When you build a filter expression, then you have to respect this left-associativeness:
 my $map = new TM....;
 my $trafo1 = new TM::Tau::Filter (left => $map);
 my $trafo2 = new TM::Tau::Filter (left => $trafo1);
The variable $trafo2 then holds this expression, but nothing is actually computed at this stage. To trigger this process, the method sync_in can be used (read: apply). It will trigger the in-synchronisation of $trafo1 and that will pass it on to the $map. That will do something (or not) to ensure that the map is up-to-date relative to the resource it is possibly associated with. Once this is done, the filter $trafo1 will do its work. Once the result is available, $trafo2 will do its work.
Filters are not constrained in what they are doing. Some filters might only extract a particular portion out of a map. Others will make more complex conversions, say, to adapt to a different background ontology. Others will completely change the map, or compute new stuff from it. It is also possible to have transformers which actually do nothing, except than mediating between different formats a map is written in.
To specify what the transformation is supposed to do, you can either overload the method sync_in, or alternatively keep it and overload only transform:
 sub transform {
 my $self = shift; # this is the filter
 my $map = shift; # this is the left operand map
 .... # do whatever you need to do
 $result =..... # this might be your result
 return $result; # return it
Your result will be used as content for the filter (which is a map itself, remember). See TM::Tau::Filter::Analyze for an example.
The default transformation is the empty one, i.e. the map is simply passed through (not copied, btw).
The constructor of implementations should expect a hash as parameter with the following fields:
left (no default):
This must be an object of class TM. i.e. it can also be another filter.
url (default null:)
If the URL is missing here (filters are resourced maps), then it defaults to null:
$tm = $filter->left $filter->left ($tm)
This is an accessor (read and write) to get the left operand. In any case the left component is returned.
This retrieves the last modification time of the resource on which this filter operates on.
$tm2 = $filter->transform ($tm)
This method performs the actual transformation. If you develop your own filter, then this has to be overloaded. The default implementation here only hands back the same map (identity transformation).
TM, TM::Tau, TM::Tau::Filter::Analyze
Copyright 200[4-6], Robert Barta <>, All rights reserved.
syntax highlighting:


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The system lets students choose their own path through a course, selecting the assignments that interest and challenge them. At its heart is a tool, called the "grade predictor," that helps to "manage some of the chaos" of such a personalized system. The grade predictor also helps students figure out what they need to do to reach the classroom goals they set for themselves.
GradeCraft also aims to give students the ability to fail without detrimental consequences. There are many assignments to choose from, so any students who do poorly on one can find plenty of other tasks to redeem themselves. Instructors, meanwhile, can allow students to revise their work.


text:
Some principles of halftones and the myth of grey level capability.
This information is basically true for all vendor's offerings.
A halftone dot is formed inside a halftone "cell" The cell is a grid of pixels which are turned on to form the dot. The cell begins with no pixels turned on (0% tone) and as pixels are turned on the dot grows until all the pixels within the cell are turned on and the cell is filled (i.e. 100% tone).For example.
If the cell size is 2 pixels wide by 2 pixels deep the halftone cell will contain a total of 4 pixels. As a result the following halftone dot tone values can be created:
0% = all pixels off
25% = 1 pixel turned on
50% = 2 pixels turned on
75% = 3 pixels turned on
100% = 4 pixels turned on.
So, with a 2x2 pixel halftone cell it is only possible to have 5 tone levels (grey levels). I.e. the total number of tones possible equals the total number pixels available plus one. In this case 2x2=4 4+1 = 5.
If the number of pixels is increased within the cell by making them smaller - i.e. cell size remains the same but the pixels are smaller - then the number of possible grey levels goes up.
For a 3x3 cell the number of possible grey levels is 10 (3x3=9, 9+1=10
For a 10x10 cell the number of possible grey levels is 101 (10x10=100, 100+1=101
For a 16x16 cell the number of possible grey levels is 257 (16x16=256, 257+1=257)
In a basic AM screen the dot is formed by turning on pixels starting from the center of the cell. For a basic FM screen the pixels within the cell are turned on pseudo-randomly.
So, as resolution (the "dpi" of the recording device) increases - grey levels increases. As resolution decreases grey levels decrease.
If the resolution (dpi) is fixed but the number of adjacent cells is increased (lpi, i.e. going from 100 lpi to 175 lpi) then the number of pixels available for each dot decreases and therefore the number of grey levels decreases.
This principle is captured by the classic formula:
(dpi/lpi) squared + 1 = number of grey levels
So for a 2400 dpi output device:
At 100 lpi:
2400 dpi/100 lpi = 24 squared = 576 plus one = 577 tones possible. No problem - more than enough grey levels.
But at 175 lpi:
2400 dpi/175 lpi = 13.7 squared = 188 plus one = only 189 tones possible. A big problem because when the ratio of dpi to lpi drops below 16, the number of available grey levels drops to below 256. This can result in tonal reproduction that is inaccurate and uneven, causing visible shadestepping (a.k.a. banding or contouring) in gradients. Color steps abruptly from one tone to the next without a smooth transition.
In 1984 the screening technology described in part one was the state of art for halftone screening with Postscript devices.
The only way to recoup the lack of tones as one went to higher lpis was to increase the device dpi. I.e. go from 2400 dpi to 3200 dpi or higher. The penalty was slower imaging times and increased process control required in the film workflows of the day.
However, the formula is only true for the tone represented by a single, isolated, halftone dot based on an individual halftone dot cell - something that never occurs in real production environments. So, around 1989 a new approach began to be adopted. The approach is based on the fact that we don't care about individual halftone dots. What is important is the tone represented in an area. For example, let's say that we want to see a 17% tone patch value in the presswork. However, if we cannot represent that area with individual 17% dots – because of that classic formula limitation – we can still create the 17% value by alternating 16% dots and 18% dots (this is called "dithering"). The eye (and instruments) integrate the alternating 16% and 18% dots and the result is the average value - in this example 17% – our desired tone value.
Another way to look at it is: if we constrain our halftone cell to a pixel matrix of 16 x 16 pixels then we will always have 257 levels of grey in an area irrespective of how the dots within the cell are organized. However, if we build a tone area based on multiple halftone cells – a "supercell" we can get around the grey level limitations the formula would suggest.
As one example, the highest lpi on a 2400 dpi device that I'm aware of was 1697 lpi on a poster printed with plates imaged on a Creo CtP device in 2000 by Metropolitan Fine Printers in Vancouver Canada. It won a "They said it can't be done" award at GrapExpo in Chicago.
Supercell screening gets around the grey level limitations of the classic formula by looking at a tone area (the important criteria) rather than an individual dot. As a result, since about 1995 all AM screens from all vendors adopted variants of supercell screening technology:
Agfa - ABS - Agfa Balanced Screening
Heidelberg - HDS - High Definition Screening, and later IS screening
Harlequin - HPS - Harlequin Precision Screening
Creo/Kodak - Creosettes/Maxtone
Fuji - just since 2004 CoRes screening
As a result, 2400 dpi has become the defacto standard for imaging resolution in the commercial print industry. Higher resolutions, as far as halftone screening and grey levels is concerned, provides no additional value while imposing a penalty on imaging time.
Where the various vendors distinguish themselves with their individual implementation of supercell screening is how they deal with issues such as rosette drift - the gradual shift from clear centered rosette to dot centered rosette - over the width of the plate, single channel moiré, miniscus effects as dots first touch, e.g. at the 50% point, and other nuances of halftone screening.
Once you've passed the 200 lpi frequency - the human eye can no longer resolve the halftone structure at normal viewing distances. Beyond 200 lpi the argument can be made that there is no need to be constrained to the AM halftone structure. You might as well use an FM type screen. The lithographic issues will be the same since the imaging and press issues result from the size of halftone dots - not how they are organized.


text:
Eye guiding is a mixture of subtle tricks and techniques in pictures, photographs, 3D models and avatar faces, which use subtle highlight, shading and colouring tricks to encourage the viewer's eye to take a certain path. Colouring the brain's impression of the object from subtle hints. The technique was to the best of our knowledge, pioneered by the painter Rembrandt.
Below, we offer a selection of links from our resource databases which may match this term.
Related Dictionary Entries for Eye Guiding:
Resources in our database matching the Term Eye Guiding:
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A LARP or a MUD is a very different storytelling environment to a tabletop roleplay. When it comes to storytelling, or guiding the plotline of a world whose players are often out of earshot or completely unpredictable, an entirely different approach is necessary.
A second, deeper look at creating interactive stories, branching dialogue, and trying to create a feel of player participation whilst guiding them to specific destinations.
Industry News containing the Term Eye Guiding:
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University of California researchers have been working hard on the Berkeley Aerial Robot (BEAR) project, designed to create self-flying helicopters. This month, a 130-pound helicopter, flown entirely by computer, successfully guided itself...
A team led by Douglas Smith, professor and director of the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Brain Injury and Repair, has been able to grow artificially stretched nerve tissues and place them inside guiding tubes. They then used thes...
Robovie-II, a retail-assistant robot designed to help elderly and disabled people shop in supermarkets, is being tested in Kyoto, in Japan.
The child-sized robot was developed from an earlier version of the Robovie-II humanoi...
Deep brain stimulation, which uses electrical stimulation to jolt the brain in pinpointed locations, is use for treating a number of neurological and behavioral conditions, including Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, severe depression, chroni...
The remarkable ability of insects to look in all directions at once has been emulated by a team of international scientists who have built an artificial 'eye' with an unobstructed all-round view.
Scientists at The Vision Ce...