text:
Individuals In Vegetative States Can Learn
Research gives insight into possible rehabilitation of some patients
Scientists have found that some individuals in the vegetative and minimally conscious states, despite lacking the means of reporting awareness themselves, can learn and thereby demonstrate at least a partial consciousness. Their findings are reported in today's (September 20) online edition of Nature Neuroscience.
It is the first time that scientists have tested whether patients in vegetative and minimally conscious states can learn. By establishing that they can, it is believed that this simple test will enable practitioners to assess the patient's consciousness without the need of imaging.
This study was done as a collaborative effort between the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina), the University of Cambridge (UK) and the Institute of Cognitive Neurology (Argentina). By using classical Pavlonian conditioning, the researchers played a tone immediately prior to blowing air into a patient's eye. After some time training, the patients would start to blink when the tone played but before the air puff to the eye.
This learning requires conscious awareness of the relation between stimuli – the tone precedes and predicts the puff of air to the eye. This type of learning was not seen in the control subjects, volunteers who had been under anesthesia.
The researchers believe that the fact that these patients can learn associations shows that they can form memories and that they may benefit from rehabilitation.
Lead author Dr Tristan Bekinschtein, from the University of Cambridge's Wolfson Brain Imaging Unit, said: "This test will hopefully become a useful, simple tool to test for consciousness without the need for imaging or instructions. Additionally, this research suggests that if the patient shows learning, then they are likely to recover to some degree."
In 2006, the Cambridge Impaired Consciousness Group at the Wolfson Brain Imaging Unit showed, using functional imaging, showed that patients in vegetative states (as defined by behavioral assessment in the clinic) can in fact be conscious despite being unable to show consistent voluntary movements.
The paper 'Classical conditioning in the vegetative and minimally conscious state' will be published in the Advanced Online Publication of Nature Neuroscience on September 20, 2009.
This study was funded by an Antorchas Foundation grant (T.A.B.), a Marie Curie IIF grant (T.A.B.), a StartUp grant (F.F.M.), the Human Frontiers Science Program (M.S.) and a Medical Research Council Acute Brain Injury Collaborative grant.
On the Net:


Job Title
OTL/R, Child Behaviour Specialist, Occupational Therapist
Jory Gruber is a Pediatric Occupational Therapist and Child Behavior Specialist and a member of the Ordre des Ergotherapeutes du Québec (OEQ). With 15 years of clinical experience working with children aged two into their adolescents, Jory has developed a deep passion and diverse set of skills for helping children and parents alike.
Jory focuses on helping parents navigate their child's challenging behaviours. She explores each child as a unique individual, taking into account their specific developmental stage. She offers positive parenting tools, specific language and tips to foster peace, collaboration and happiness in every family. She works closely with parents to strengthen their knowledge surrounding child development, helping them build their parent-child relationship through various parenting strategies specific to their child's behaviors.
Jory received her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from McGill University and her Master's of Occupational Therapy from The University of Toronto. She received her certification as a Child Behaviour Specialist through the Early Years in the Child Behaviour Certificate Program.


text:
I want to unzip a certail directory inside a zip file using the following command:
unzip -oq vqmodmanager.zip upload -d temp/
But the system gives the following error:
caution: filename not matched: upload
Actually, there is a directory called
upload inside the zip file.
How can I unzip that directory only?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The housing crisis is a nationwide, multi-faceted issue with numerous, complex underlying causes. Accordingly, it demands a multi-faceted response. We can and must address our housing needs while simultaneously protecting our environment. Advancing smart growth housing solutions supports Vermonters' quality of life, resilience to economic, social and environmental change, and and protects ecological systems. Smart growth allows people to more easily access jobs and services, increases transportation options, and lowers transportation costs. It also reduces municipalities' infrastructure costs, and cuts climate pollution by reducing how far people need to travel to jobs and services.
Legislative Priorities for 2023:
- Smart Growth Housing:Adopt a housing equity bill that makes it easier to develop, rent, and purchase smaller homes in downtowns and village centers, that are closer to jobs, services and affordable transportation.
- Expand funding and eligibility for downtown and village tax credits, and increase funding for the Vermont Housing and Conservation Board (VHCB) to build more smart growth housing.


text:
After the Flood - There's Hope
Homes that are damaged by flooding can be repaired and made more durable.
Flooding is a fact of life that results in more damage to buildings throughout the United States than any other single natural cause. Residential buildings are especially hard hit during floods; the lives of the residents are disrupted and precious possessions are lost.While homeowners are discouraged or prohibited from building new homes in floodprone areas, existing homes,when damaged,must be repaired. Builders can minimize damage to these homes from future flooding by repairing or renovating them using materials and methods that are resistant to flood damage.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Tuskegee University have been working to identify and evaluate building materials, systems, and methods that can be used to repair houses after flooding and that make the envelope of a house more resistant to future flood damage (see "After the Flood,"HE Jan/Feb '03, p. 12).We were also interested in providing a scientific basis for certifying building materials and systems that are resistant to flood damage, so that that information can inform future building code development.
The Department of Homeland Security, Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate defines flood damage resistance as the ability of materials, components, and systems to withstand direct and prolonged contact with floodwater without sustaining degradation that requires more than cosmetic repair to restore it to its original condition. Cosmetic repair includes cleaning, sanitizing, and resurfacing material; resurfacing includes sanding, repairing joints, and repainting. Repair should be less costly than simply replacing the affected materials and systems.As a result of our materials testing,we have identified another key attribute of flood damage resistance. Individual materials that are considered flood damage resistant must not cause the degradation of adjacent materials, or the systems of which the material is a part.
A 2-ft Flood
Our test facility is located on the experimental farm near an agricultural lake at Tuskegee University, in Tuskegee,Alabama. Initially, two test modules were built with typical home construction materials and methods. The modules were flooded to a level of 2 ft above the floor with water from an agricultural lake that reasonably represented typical riverine floodwater.The test modules were allowed to dry for 30 days. Detailed information was collected to determine how these construction materials and systems were affected during and after flooding.Test results from these materials and systems provided a baseline against which other materials and systems could be compared.
Based on what we learned in those tests,we conducted a second set of tests. The second set of tests introduced materials and systems that we expected to be more flood damage resistant than typical construction materials and systems. In the second tests, unlike the first ones,we sanitized the materials and systems while they were drying, and cosmetically restored them after the drying period, in order to assess their performance after exposure to a flood. Samples of the various materials were taken for testing and observation, and the test modules were then demolished and autopsied.The initial results of our research were reported in the article cited above.
We built a third pair of modules to attempt dry floodproofing—constructing a building in such a way that no water enters the structure during flooding— and to test additional materials and systems for resistance to flood damage.
In all of our testing,we employed relative humidity transmitters; thermocouples that measured temperature; and moisture sensors installed in wall studs, wall surfaces, floor joists, and floor surfaces (see Figure 1).A weather station provided data on ambient conditions during the test.We used a hand-held moisture meter to measure material moisture content during the postflood drying period. Mold was sampled from the modules and tested in a laboratory to identify its type. Flexural strength and modulus were determined for various types of siding and wallboard.
We also developed detailed protocols for visual observation.While visual observation is subjective, the protocols were developed to systematize these observations and make them as detailed and consistent as possible throughout the series of tests.We made extensive photographic and video records as well.
Flood-Damage-Resistant Materials and Systems
The ORNL/Tuskegee experiments tested only for resistance to physical degradation that results from the wetting and drying cycle associated with flooding.The testing did not address the structural impact on the envelope of externally applied hydrostatic pressures. Postflooding mold growth was documented and selected specimens were analyzed. Some test modules were also cleaned and sanitized to determine if mold growth could be controlled. However, bacteriological and toxic materials testing were not performed during this series of tests. And we did not test for the residual health effects of flooding on otherwise flood-damage-resistant materials and systems. Such testing could potentially change our conclusions.
The following conclusions should be viewed as preliminary, since the purpose of our project was to provide a scientific basis for certifying materials and systems for flood damage resistance for use in building codes, and as yet there is no accepted certifying test procedure.
Newly installed and painted plywood and hardboard lap siding maintained reasonable dimensional stability and mechanical properties after they were dried.The siding materials that we tested were washable after flooding and drying, but these materials remained discolored. However, older,weathered plywood and hardwood siding, or siding made of the same materials that is repeatedly wetted and dried over several cycles, could significantly degrade and require more than cosmetic repair to restore it to its original condition. Both vinyl and fiber cement siding could be restored to preflood conditions through washing the portion below flood level.The corner boards, which were made from nominal 1-inch sawn lumber, cracked and warped.Vinyl corner trim showed no evidence of deterioration from flooding.
Fiberock sheathing, a water-resistant, fiber-reinforced gypsum panel manufactured by USG, maintained its integrity and mechanical properties.The Fiberock dried to preflood conditions during the drying period.
Plywood sheathing maintained its integrity and mechanical properties. However, it had not dried to preflood conditions after 30 days. Because water does not tend to escape quickly from behind plywood siding,we do not consider the combination of plywood siding and sheathing to be a good flood-damageresistant system. Lap siding tends to let moisture escape more quickly. If a flood-damage-resistant lap siding is employed, the use of plywood as sheathing is likely to make an acceptable flood-damage-resistant system.
We experimented with 15# felt under both vinyl and fiber cement lap siding and found that the sheathing had dried to preflood conditions at the time of autopsy. We will perform a test using Tyvek house wrap at press time.According to the manufacturer,Tyvek inhibits the passage of liquid water and it breathes, so water vapor from drying can pass through the material. We'll know experimentally how it performs under flood conditions in a couple of months.
The moisture content in wood studs above the flood line returned to preflood levels within the drying period.The portion of the studs below the flood line did not, in most cases, dry to preflood levels during the drying period.We considered wood studs to be flood damage resistant as long as the wall system will permit them to continue to dry to normal moisture levels.
Fiberglass batt insulation appeared to retain moisture in the exterior wall cavities and below the floor (see Figure 2). The moisture on the fiberglass fibers appeared to keep adjacent walls and floor materials wetter longer; this could potentially cause long-term damage to the subflooring, to the floor and wall framing, and to the gypsum board walls. When spray polyurethane foam (SPUF) insulation was used in the wall cavities, the wallboard and wood studs in exterior walls dried at nearly the same rate as in the interior walls with empty cavities (see Figure 3, p. 22). SPUF absorbs water very slowly and was undamaged by flooding. SPUF did not retain moisture; thus it did not reduce the flood damage resistance of the materials around it.
When conventional paper-faced gypsum board was used with fiberglass batt insulation on exterior walls, the gypsum board lost about 50% of its flexural strength; at the end of the drying period, it remained wetter than the gypsum board on uninsulated interior walls. Interior gypsum board walls dried out and regained flexural strength during the test period.The gypsum board could be restored to preflood conditions with cosmetic restoration (see the article cited above for details).
Conventional drywall supported mold growth during several tests, but it was cleaned and sanitized, which eliminated the mold stains. Fiberock interior wallboard, a non-water-resistant gypsum product without paper facings by USG, regained about 70%–78% of its initial strength when tested (see Table 1), and it dried out during the 30-day drying period.Although it supported mold growth, it could be cleaned, sanitized, and restored.
Fiberock exterior sheathing was applied to some interior walls. It regained 82%–87% of its initial strength on an exterior wall insulated with SPUF and 101%–130% of its initial strength on an interior, hollow-cavity wall. (The strength actually increased in one instance after exposure to flooding. This happens occasionally with gypsum products, since complete hydration of all of the gypsum does not always occur in manufacturing, and subsequent exposure to water completes the process.) The Fiberock exterior sheathing applied to interior walls also dried out during the drying period. It did not support mold growth and its surfaces were easily cleaned and restored.
Ceramic tile performed well under flood conditions and showed no longterm deterioration. Both latex flat paint and latex semigloss enamel paint peeled, blistered, and stained. Mold grew on both types of paint. Highand low-permeability paints were tested. Both types of paint had to be sanded and new coats of paint applied to restore the walls to preflood conditions.We also compared water

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


rainbow jasper
rainbow jasper brings wholeness and reminds people that each person is only part of the "whole" and that we should be kind to and help each other. rainbow jasper is a wonderful stone to wear as jewelry. it connects with those that will help on our path to enlightenment and with all life in the universe, including those that surround us. it is stone of teaching also helps to enhance psychic abilities. see also general properties of jasper.
multi-colored red, brown, yellow, green blue and/or purple
cleanse with running water method
energize on a crystal quartz cluster or in sunlight
feng shui use:
center (grounding)
west (children)
southwest (relationships)
east (community/family)
any negative direction (protection against negativity)
balances yin and yang
locations and rituals:
a large rainbow jasper stone keeps negativity out the ritual room


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I'm trying to find a way to get the text in a Visio shape to shrink to fit the width of the shape, otherwise leave the font at the default.
Is there a shapesheet function I can use to change the font size of the text so that it doesn't exceed the width of the shape?
Ultimately I'd like to be able to assign this when automatically building the shape using VBA, so if there's some way to get the width of text that way, maybe I can do that.
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2 Answers 2
up vote 1 down vote accepted
You can resize the font of the text block using automation if the text exceeds the size of the shape. I found that the following works.
Open the shape's shapesheet (Window->Show Shapesheet) and add the user section (Insert->Section->User-defined Cells). Put this formula in the value cell for User.Row_1:
After the shape text changes, get the value of the user cell. in c#:
double scale = shape.get_CellsSRC((short)IVisio.VisSectionIndices.visSectionUser, (short)IVisio.VisRowIndices.visRowUser, (short)IVisio.VisCellIndices.visUserValue).ResultIU;
Then set the font, and the TextMargins (for any that are non-zero) with the following (assuming the normal font size is 12 and the left margin is 4pt.:
shape.get_CellsSRC((short)IVisio.VisSectionIndices.visSectionCharacter, 0, (short)IVisio.VisCellIndices.visCharacterSize).FormulaU = (scale*12).ToString() + "pt";
shape.get_CellsSRC((short)IVisio.VisSectionIndices.visSectionObject, (short)IVisio.VisRowIndices.visRowText, (short)IVisio.VisCellIndices.visTxtBlkLeftMargin).FormulaU = (scale * 4).ToString() + "pt";
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I don't know of a way to size text to the shape unless you change the font size, but there are ways to size shapes to the text instead of the other way around.
share|improve this answer
Yeah, my shapes can't be resized the way they're used, so the text has to just fit into the shape as it exists. Maybe that link will show me how to do it the other way...Thanks – Jon Fournier Dec 9 '09 at 17:20
Your Answer


text:
Gideon v. Wainwright at 50: Defenders and Teachers Analyze Right to Counsel
Assistant Federal Public Defenders Dani Jahn and Jonathan Jeffress discuss the importance of the Supreme Court's landmark decision in Gideon v. Wainwright with a group of school teachers.
Fifty years after Gideon v. Wainwright redefined and reaffirmed a criminal defendant's right to counsel, the U.S. Courts have unveiled a series of courtroom-ready and classroom-ready activities to provide a teen-age perspective on the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case, which was decided on March 18, 1963.
The activities were launched in a January program, at the Washington, D.C., district court. Teachers from across the nation re-enacted the case, and then discussed a wide range of questions with assistant federal public defenders. View the audio slideshow and listen to assistant federal public defenders discuss the importance of the right to counsel.
Interactive resources for high school teachers and their students include:
- A brief podcast and case summary give an overview of the case.
- A readers theater script allows students to re-enact the story of Clarence Gideon, starting when he was in eighth grade.
- A realistic scenario, in which law-abiding teens could find themselves, is a platform for students to apply Gideon and build a case as public defenders. A teachers' guide is included.
For further information, contact the National Outreach Manager for the Federal Courts.


text:
Not content with Google Glass as a new mode for computing, technology giant Google has submitted a patent design for a new glove based controller reminiscent of the input gestures in Minority Report.
Just like in the movie the gloves could be used to manipulate objects by gesture. They could also be used to draw letters in the air or type onto virtual keyboards.
The technology also allows you to 'see with your hand' and capture images with the glove technology via detectors positioned inside the tips of the fingers. Motion sensors also would interact with computer processors.
In the patent filing Google said: "The detector(s) may record a series of images of the environment, and a display may display the series of images to the user. In this manner, the user may "see" the inaccessible environment as if the user's eyes were located on the user's hand or finger, or on the other area of the user's body.
"Alternately or additionally, motion of the detector(s) may be determined by comparing images in the recorded series of images, and one or more predetermined motions may detected among the predetermined motion. One of more functions may be triggered based on detection of the one or more predetermined motions."


standard interpretation is used; otherwise, it is treated as a compressed header as follows.
P - Push Bit
This bit indicates whether the PUSH flag is set. This is the most commonly used flag, and the only flag that supported by the compressed header format.
Len - Length field
This three bit field encodes the segment length.
0-5 Actual Length
6 Use Extended Length Format.
7 Use Length From Cache
Ses - Session Id field
This three bit field encodes the session identifier.
0-5 Position of Session Identifier in LRU Cache
6 Use Extended SessionId Format
7 Use next session identifier. The next identifier is determined as follows:
 let p = the last allocated identifier, n = the next session identifier
 n = p + 2;
 if (n >= 2^24) {
 n = n % 2^24 + 1024;
If session 'n' is currently active, this option cannot be used; the implementation must use either the extended SessionId or the uncompressed format.
The receiver should treat packets that use the next session identifier feature as if SYN bit is implicitly set.
Extended Formats.
If both an extended session id and an extended length are present, the session id octet should precede the length octet.
The extended formats must not be used if the value could be represented using the compact format.
Extended SessionId Format
| Delta |
This is a single octet containing an 8-bit signed two's complement integer. This integer is added to the most recently used session identifier (which is stored in cache entry zero), and the result is used as the SessionId.
Extended Length Format
|Length |
This is a single octet containing a length from 0-255.
Compression Examples
To help make the compressed format a little clearer, here are a few simple examples.
To start with, the clients sending side cache is intialised to the default values.
Entry SessionID Length
0 0 0
1 1 7
2 1,024 128
3 1,025 128
4 1,026 128
5 1,027 128
LastId = 1026
The first packet is a 4 byte message on session 1024. The corresponding compressed header is
|0| 4 | 2 |1|
 P Len Ses 1
If we were using the uncompressed format, the corresponding header would be:
| _PHONE_| 1024 | Flags (SYN),8 bits, Session(1024), 24 bits
| 4 | Length (4), 32 bits
After sending this packet, the clients cache looks like this:
Entry SessionID Length
0 1,024 4
1 0 0
2 1 7
3 1,025 128
4 1,026 128
5 1,027 128
LastId = 1026
The next message is a 10 byte packet, also for session 1024.
|0| 6 | 0 |1| | 10 |
 P Len Ses 1 length
| 00000000| 1024 | Flags (none),8 bits, Session(1024), 24 bits
| 10 | Length (10), 32 bits
After sending this packet, the clients cache looks like this:
Entry SessionID Length
0 1,024 10
1 0 0
2 1 7
3 1,025 128
4 1,026 128
5 1,027 128
LastId = 1026
After this, we want to open a new channel and send a 4 byte message. The next session id is 1028, which is unallocatedthus we can use the next session id feature of the compressed header.
|0| 4 | 7 |1|
 P Len Ses 1
| _PHONE_| 1028 | Flags (SYN),8 bits, Session(1028), 24 bits
| 4 | Length (4), 32 bits
After sending this packet, the clients cache looks like this:
Entry SessionID Length
0 1,028 4
1 1,024 10
2 0 0
3 1 7
4 1,025 128
5 1,026 128
LastId = 1028


text:
mentioned, the Jones Act imposes restrictions on the types of vessels used in domestic trade, often excluding larger, more efficient ships. Its removal could usher in these larger vessels, making routes like the Panama Canal more attractive.
Furthermore, ports like Savannah and Charleston, which play critical roles in global maritime networks, might find their positions bolstered. As ships potentially have more freedom in their domestic stops, these ports could handle increased traffic, serving both international and burgeoning domestic maritime routes.
Elevating Secondary and Tertiary Ports:
- Houston: Houston plays a significant role in the U.S. maritime logistics matrix. Its location near the Gulf of Mexico is a distinct advantage, acting as a gateway for both Atlantic and Pacific routes, especially when considering the Panama Canal's significance. Without the Jones Act, ships that typically bypass Houston for international routes might find it feasible to stop there, given its strategic location.
- Tampa: Tampa's port infrastructure is more suited for smaller vessels, which are more agile and can navigate its waters with ease. Without the Jones Act, international vessels that are typically bound by restrictions could now consider Tampa as a viable docking point, especially for routes that target the southeastern U.S. Moreover, Tampa offers excellent road and rail connectivity to Florida and the broader Southeast. Removal of Jones Act impediments could see ships offloading goods directly at Tampa, rather than at larger ports and then transporting goods overland.
Supply Chain Integration's New Paradigm
The potential shifts in maritime logistics would compel U.S. shipping companies to rethink their supply chain strategies. They might need to establish collaborations, particularly with international counterparts, to navigate the changing landscape. Ports like Houston could become focal points of these changes, necessitating significant infrastructural investments to handle the anticipated trade flows. If the Jones Act was abolished, it would require large scale audit/reexamination of every firm's supply chain.
There are two additional benefits from overturning the Jones Act. First, it would lower costs of living for the residents of Puerto Rico and Hawaii, who have no choice but to import by boat. One estimate puts the cost on the Hawaii economy to the tune of $1.2 billion annually.7 Second, U.S. energy independence would improve. Much of the oil and gas produced in the Gulf Coast is not refined in the U.S. due to lack of capacity and pricing. One analysis found it costs around five times more to transport crude oil from the Gulf Coast to Northeastern U.S. refineries than from Eastern Canada.8 Without the Jones Act, U.S. oil imports would likely decline as we consume more of our domestic production.
8 CRS Report R43653, Shipping U.S. Crude Oil by Water: Vessel Flag Requirements and Safety Issues, by John Frittelli.
In conclusion, the current law as it stands acts effectively as a partial blockade on trade. The U.S. is sub-optimally connected with global supply chains. Due to the higher costs imposed by this law, water-based shipping is largely non-price competitive within the U.S. In the absence of this century-old law, the U.S. would have a cheaper and more efficient supply-chain. Reductions in shipping costs would likely help reduce prices and push-back against above-target inflation.
Demand for industrial space would likely shift away from major ports such as Los Angeles and into smaller markets such as Seattle, Savannah and New Orleans. Lower rents in these markets would help logistics companies offer cheaper services. In summary, abolishing the Jones Act would shift industrial demand around geographically, lead to far more freight being carried by water, and increase economic growth through lower shipping costs.


text:
My great grandfather was apparently an illegitimate child, the oldest of the family, and it has been said that back in the day (1877, Scotland) it was common practice for such children to be raised by their fathers. Is this correct and what would be the reasoning behind it?
Interesting - I've just checked up in my copy of "Scottish Customs: From the Cradle to the Grave", by Margaret Bennett (Birlinn Ltd, 2004).
An interview with someone who emigrated from Scotland in the 1950s referred to what I thought standard practice would be (p.107) - the girl would have to go before the Kirk Session for public criticism. And there would be no public sympathy for her. Now I am sure that the normal position was that the man might also find himself in the same position - however, the interview in question describes the men getting off without any comeback or penalty. This clearly suggests they didn't have to bring the child up.
In the Annie Lennox episode of 'Who Do You Think You Are' (the UK version), an illegitimate child was definitely left with the mother.
But the interesting thing is that in the book, on p109, a 1774 document from Skye refers to the custom of handfasting. In this, it was the (alleged) custom of men of rank to take a year's trial of a wife. If mutual satisfaction followed, the marriage was deemed "good and lawful". But if either party insisted on a separation and a child had been conceived during that year, then the child was to be taken care of by the father and was to be ranked among his lawful children, next after his heirs. The child was not to be considered a bastard as the cohabitation was a custom intended to produce a good marriage.
I am as certain as I can be that the normal case was that the wrath of the Kirk Session would descend on both man and woman, with the man's subsequent contribution being a monetary one only. I am always slightly dubious about descriptions of customs like this handfasting and trial marriages, however, there does appear to be something at the root of this.
I would suggest that the "common" practice of the father raising the child, as described in the question was therefore not common at all, but that wherever and whenever handfasting took place then something very like the suggested practice did take place, giving rise to the suggestion.
In the realm of family history research, you will find a huge array of information that might become evidence for or against a claim. It can often be difficult to decide just how much weight to give to any particular piece.
Although this is a matter about which whole books have been written, there is simple rule of thumb upon which you can generally rely. Be VERY SCEPTICAL about any statement that begins with "It has been said that..." or "Great grandmother always believed that..."
The claims that follow such introductions are not always wrong, but should not be relied upon without locating independent documented corroboration.
In the case of your great grandfather, you seem to be describing the case of a boy in a family made up of his father, stepmother and half-siblings. There is certainly nothing strange in that. The best evidence of how his place in the family was regarded might be found in his father's Will.


text:
I got my hair cut in the morning. This is an example of the causative form. Causative verbs are used to talk about getting something done by somebody else. Some common expressions using the causative verb forms are given below.
- You must have your hair washed. / You must get your hair cut.
- You must get that carpet cleaned.
- You must get / have your nails polished.
- We must have the roof repaired.
In this structure we use the past participle form of the verb.
- We must have the house painted. (NOT We must have the house painting.) (NOT We must have the house paint.)
Causative forms are also possible with make. Causative forms of make often imply the idea that somebody has a certain authority over somebody else.
- He made me cry.
- They made her repeat the whole story. (= They forced her to repeat the whole story.)
- She made the child drink the milk.
- I made him do the homework.
- He made her cook dinner.
- She made me accompany her.
Note that in this structure we use the infinitive without to.
- She made me wait for hours. (NOT She made me waiting for hours.) (NOT She made me waited for hours.) (NOT She made me to wait for hours.)
Passive structures are possible in some cases and then we use an infinitive with to.
- She was made to repeat the whole story. (NOT She was made repeat the whole story.)
- I was made to wait for hours. (NOT I was made wait for hours.)


text:
The literacy levels of construction workers are low relative to other industries, and yet prescriptions about how to work safely are often buried inside long and complicated documents.
Our research suggests workers may not even read these documents before they commence work. Also, no matter how complex they are, documents cannot cover all eventualities. There's a gap between the way work is described in formal health and safety documents and the way it is practised on site.
Visual methods, including video, can overcome some of these difficulties. For a long time videos have been used to communicate health and safety information to workers. But safety training videos are often produced by technical experts or media companies and shown to workers in stand-alone presentations. In such uses, workers are passive audiences to generic video materials.
Construction companies are legally required to consult workers on health and safety issues, but this is often done in a very formal top-down way, rendering it meaningless.
This is a missed opportunity because construction workers possess a wealth of knowledge based on their practical experience, often gained over many years. Research conducted at RMIT University (undertaken in partnership with Melbourne-based firm CodeSafe Solutions) examined the potential for digital and mobile technologies to be used to access, capture and share workers' health and safety knowledge.
In the research, construction workers were involved in making films about their everyday work practices. Unlike documentary, in which subjects have little or no say in how they are portrayed, participatory video engages people in making films about their everyday experiences.
Construction workers received basic media training before making digital videos about their work practices. The video making enabled workers and managers to understand and reflect on the way work is routinely done and, in doing so, identify constraints and enablers of safe and healthy ways of working. Only when watching the video footage did managers and workers identify problems inherent in standard operating procedures that were either poorly understood or impractical due to physical features of the work environment.
Gaps were identified between the way work was documented and the way that it is routinely practised. Understanding these gaps meant they could be discussed and collaboratively resolved. In several instances work equipment, processes or procedures were redesigned to improve safety. In some instances tasks that had been undertaken the same way for many years were redesigned to make them safer. Both workers and managers described how watching the video footage gave them a different perspective and enabled them to view and understand work in new ways. In one example an access platform erection process was redesigned after workers were seen working adjacent to an unprotected edge.
The collaborative redesigning of a long established work task reveals how workers' tacit knowledge – which is not easily captured or written down - was made explicit and usable through the participatory video activities.
Once made, the digital videos are disseminated at participating worksites using quick response codes, accessible via smartphones. Some workers share these videos with workers outside their organisations, while others show them to builders and principal contractors to explain why they need to work in certain ways to remain safe.
The workers described video as being a powerful way to share "know how" as opposed to "know what."
Digital and mobile technologies are now an integral part of everyday life. Using a smartphone to capture and share knowledge, experiences and ideas in video format is not only possible, but now second nature to many. The research shows it can also improve construction workers' health and safety.


text:
Sight-Reading from the Drummer's View
by Steve Fidyk
I feel fortunate to have had the opportunity to hold the drum chair for more than 20 years with the Army Blues Big Band. As an ensemble, we read new music daily, record, and accompany guest artists at festivals and universities. One essential skill that is somewhat unique to this type of reading situation, is the ability to examine and interpret a new chart within a few short moments. For most professional musicians, sight–reading on the job is a daily occurrence with minimal rehearsal time. The performance happens without fail as a result of the ability of the musicians to sight–read which includes reading and interpreting the notation and style, articulations and dynamics, and adding nuance to the music. This skill, I believe, can be developed through learning, practice, and experience.
Below are some concepts and suggestions that might be of value to aspiring students and educators. As I examine a big band drum part, I look for double bar lines which can help me locate the different sections of an arrangement. For example, the first eight measures might be the introduction which would end with a double bar line. Immediately following the introduction, we see a phrase that probably contains the melody. This change in the form is an opportunity for a drummer to change texture– for example moving from sticks to brushes, or from the ride cymbal to the hi–hat. After the melody comes the solo section, which is often followed by phrases of backgrounds played in support of a soloist. The solo section is then followed by a shout chorus, which is usually followed by a re–statement of the melody. These larger portions of information are very important and become my focus as I interpret and improvise.
The Art of Interpretation
My approach when sight–reading is based on how the band responds to my ideas in the moment. In addition to the written rhythms on my part, I pay close attention to the articulation makings notated above the rhythms. These markings are indicators that provide clues on how a particular phrase might swing with the horns in the band. I then apply each "long and short" articulation to corresponding sounds from my drumset. For example, a legato marking above a note (a dash) implies a long sound, and a short sound is indicated with a staccato symbol (.), or a marcato/rooftop accent (^). Sometimes arrangers neglect to add articulation markings on drumset parts. In that case, it helps to consult the lead trumpet part or score to be sure that the articulations match your part.
Why Learn to Read?
The more skill that you have as a musician, the more marketable you become. If you want to be a working player in this economy, it is essential to take whatever gig comes your way, and being able to sigh–read can bring opportunities for more work. If reading big band or small group arrangements are a new concept for you, take your time and be patient with your development. Listening is key to becoming a better reader. Try putting on a recording of the arrangement that you are working on, and listen to the approach of the drummer as you read along with your drum part.
Ask yourself the following questions: How is the drummer responding to the written notation? Is the player "cutting" every figure that is written on the part? What accompaniment is the drummer using in support of the rhythm section, soloist, and ensemble? How does the time feel throughout? Is the drummer using fragments from the melody and background figures to compose their beats and fills? How does the drummer accompany the form of the composition?
This type of "active listening exercise" can help students develop their interpretive and musical skills in a much more efficient manner. We will sound only as strong and confident as our listening skills will allow with any band. Best to you throughout your musical journey.
Steve Fidyk is the drummer and featured soloist with the Army Blues Jazz Ensemble, and an artist in residence at Temple University in Philadelphia, PA. For further information, please visit _URL_.


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Ignatius lived an eventful life during an eventful time. In the early 1500s Christianity was in turmoil as Marin Luther and Jean Calvin challenged Church doctrine and authority, and the wars of Emperor Charles V ravaged Europe. One of these wars left Ignatius badly wounded, leading to a long convalescence and a subsequent pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Eventually he would found a new religious order named the Society of Jesus, reinvigorating the Church at a tumultuous time and helping to bring Christianity to new frontiers. By the time of his death in 1556, there were more than 1,000 Jesuits working across the globe.
The videos and recommended readings below provide a short sketch of the life of Ignatius Loyola. The first three offer a simple introduction, with the first video giving the most detailed look at his life. The fourth video takes you on a tour of the places in Spain where Ignatius lived, and the fifth video is a humorous rendition of Ignatius's life narrated by an olive. Below these four videos are recommended readings as well as a few resources for the intermediate and advanced levels.
For a quick overview of Ignatius's life, click the image above to see a timeline from Jesuits.org.
For those already familiar with the basic contours of Ignatius's life, check out the following resources:
- A feature-length film by the Filipino Jesuits entitled "Ignatius of Loyola" (2016). The film begins with Ignatius's childhood and follows his life through his studies in Spain and interrogation before the Inquisition.
- A 23-minute video by a Jesuit scholar who provides a tour of Ignatius's living quaters in Rome.
- The autobiography of St. Ignatius.


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This seminar provides students with a deep understanding of the intellectual history of public administration in the United States. It analyzes the development of public administrative thought by assessing the substance, impact, and historical context of many of the classic works in the field. The seminar helps students to become productive researchers and teachers in public administration by giving them a broad understanding of the field's scope, theoretical approaches, and development.
History of US Public Administration
Monday, June 19, 2017


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Men's ski goggles Arnette
Men's ski goggles are an essential part of ski equipment. They prevent the penetration of dirt into the eyes, protect against harmful UV rays that we are exposed to on a slope far more intrusively than usual because we are closer to the sun and they also generally improve visibility, because when selecting the illuminating glasses, they lighten vision in poor conditions of visibility, while dark lenses eliminate bright sun rays. In both cases, however, they eliminate the negative effects and improve vision. Some goggles are equipped with ventilation holes, anti-fog layer, anti scratch protection and other features. Choose from our models from the world's leading manufacturers of ski equipment.


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Can You Protect
In the 3rd century, when Rome dominated Europe, it was able to deploy 50 legions throughout the empire, securing even the furthermost areas. By the following century the empire had lost much of its muscle, however, and Rome's forces had diminished to just 25 legions. Emperor Constantine's problem: How to station legions in sufficient strength to protect the most forward positions of the empire without abandoning the core--namely Rome. He devised a new defensive strategy to cope with Rome's reduced power.
The problem is not "solved" in a mathematical sense, but a set of rules exists that defines when a solution is acceptable. Once you understand the rules, you can attempt to see if you can improve on Constantine's choice of deployment.
A region, then, may be thought of as either secured or securable. It is considered to be secured if it has one or more pebbles placed in it already. It is considered securable if a pebble can be deployed to that region in a single step. At any shift or movement from a region, two pebbles must initially be present together before one of them can be launched. That is, a pebble can only be deployed if it moves from an adjacent region where there is already another pebble to help launch it. This is analogous to the island hopping strategy pursued by General MacArthur in World War II in the Pacific theater--where movement only followed the chain of islands (secured areas).
Now that you know the rules, the challenge is to place just four pebbles in the eight regions of the empire.
Here is another alternative, not necessarily better than Constantine's strategy, but it gives you an idea of possibilities. We will place one pebble in Gaul, two in Rome, and one in Constantinople. Britain can now be reached in two steps (a pebble from Rome to Gaul and a pebble from Gaul to Britain), better for Britain than before. However, Asia Minor is now not reachable in one step, but two (from Rome to Constantinople and Constantinople to Asia Minor). All the rest of the empire is reachable in just one step. It is not clear that this is better than Constantine's strategy. Although the number of steps to the worst-off nodes has been reduced to two, the number of regions more than one step away has gone from one to two.
Can you improve on Constantine's solution?
If you can keep the number of nodes that can't be reached in one step to just one, and can reduce the maximum number of steps to reach that node to a number less than four, then you have done better than Constantine. Of course, you hit the jackpot if you can make all regions either initially secure or reachable in one step, given the rules.
I will tell you that it is possible to do better than Constantine, but I won't tell you how. If you do have success at allocating the pebbles, you should think about the consequences of a second war occurring somewhere in the empire. Of the situations you create, which would be better in the event of a second war at one of the unsecured regions? The answer, which I mailed in early February, is in a sealed envelope in the desk drawer of editor Sue De Pasquale. She has agreed to publish it in the next issue of the Johns Hopkins Magazine.
A final footnote
RETURN TO APRIL 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS.


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This Rulemaking Task (RMT) addresses the following issues:
- The turbine engine endurance test conditions that are required by the Certification Spefications for Engines (CS-E) are very hard, if not impossible, to achieve with modern engines.
- An initial maintenance inspection (IMI) test for turbine engines is required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations for many years, but not by the European (Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) and European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)) certification specifications (CSs).
- CS-E does not contain a specification for applicants to demonstrate the time between overhauls (TBO) interval. A safety recommendation on this matter was addressed to EASA.
The specific objective of this RMT is to modernise the engine certification test requirements to:
- upgrade the turbine engine endurance test specifications to take into account modern engine design characteristics;
- improve the level of confidence in the robustness of turbine engine designs prior to entry into service, as well as, in some cases, the definition of initial maintenance inspection (IMI) intervals;
- ensure that EASA exercises oversight of the IMI tests and benefits from the resulting knowledge;
- ensure the robust and harmonised substantiation of the TBO and of the maintenance programmes for piston engines; and
- ensure the greatest possible harmonisation with the related FAA regulations and certification policies.


Let's Explore Russia
Expect some shipping delays due to COVID-19
There's a lot to know about the largest country on Earth! Let's visit Russia and learn what makes it special. What foods do people eat there? What animals can live in the tundra? Explore the answers to these questions and more through carefully leveled, age-appropriate text. Eye-catching photos will make you feel as if you're actually there, in the largest country on Earth.
Censor Level:
Format: Default Title
Genre: NonFiction
Guided Reading Level: K
Series: Bumba Books ® — Let's Explore Countries
ISBN-13: 9781512430110
Sub Genre: Social Studies
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Summer is on its way and with it come family vacations. What perfect opportunities to create lasting memories!
Multicultural Kid Blogs wants to help your children record these special moments and help foster a spirit of adventure through travel. My Travel Journal is a 60-page international travel journal for kids filled with games and tools to enrich their journey. This downloadable, no-prep, travel journal is ready to print and take with you on your child's next adventure!
In addition to journaling pages in multiple designs, your child will also find traveler information, a packing list, a travel glossary, and a world mapping activity.
There are also pages to record information about the countries you've visited, such as languages, currency, and food, as well as information about global currency.
And to help with long, oftentimes boring, plane/train/car rides, there are quite a few travel games and activities, such as word puzzles, a logic game, matching, and roll-a-story. (An answer key is included.)
All of these fun activities are designed for children ages 8 and older.
Just print the pages you want to use and place them inside a folder or binder and you're ready to go!


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Dept. of Computer Sc. » Pattern Recognition » Courses » WS 18/19 » Seminar Advanced Algorithms in Medical Image Processing [SemAAMIP]
Seminar Advanced Algorithms in Medical Image Processing [SemAAMIP]
Deep Learning-based algorithms showed great performance in many fields of image procession and pattern recognition and compete with technologies such as compressive sensing and iterative optimization. The basis for the success of these algorithms is the availability of large amounts of data (big data) for training and of high computing power (typically GPUs). In this seminar we try to answer the question how typical problems in medical imaging might profit from deep learning concepts. The discussed fields are computer aided detection (CAD), image reconstruction, image denoising, and image registration. The seminar will give an insight into the newest results in literature. Additionally the participants will have the opportunity to implement example code and learn the usage of typical open source deep learning libraries.
Dates & Rooms:
Monday, 8:15 - 9:45; Room: KH 1.021


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Standard gravitational parameter
Small body orbiting a central body
Under standard assumptions in astrodynamics we have:
For all circular orbits around a given central body:
The last equation has a very simple generalization to elliptic orbits:
Two bodies orbiting each other
In the more general case where the bodies need not be a large one and a small one (the two-body problem), we define:
- the vector r is the position of one body relative to the other
- r, v, and in the case of an elliptic orbit, the semi-major axis a, are defined accordingly (hence r is the distance)
- μ = Gm1 + Gm2 = μ1 + μ2, where m1 and m2 are the masses of the two bodies.
- for circular orbits, rv2 = r3ω2 = 4π2r3/T2 = μ
- for elliptic orbits, 4π2a3/T2 = μ (with a expressed in AU; T in Earth years and M the total mass relative to that of the Sun, we get a3/T2 = M)
- for parabolic trajectories, rv2 is constant and equal to 2μ
- for elliptic and hyperbolic orbits, μ is twice the semi-major axis times the absolute value of the specific orbital energy, where the latter is defined as the total energy of the system divided by the reduced mass.
Terminology and accuracy
Note that the reduced mass is also denoted by.
The value for the Earth is called the geocentric gravitational constant and equals 398,_PHONE_±0.0008 km3s−2. Thus the uncertainty is 1 to 500,000,000, much smaller than the uncertainties in G and M separately (1 to 7,000 each).
The value for the Sun is called the heliocentric gravitational constant and equals 1.32712440018×1011 km3s−2.
- "Astrodynamic Constants". NASA/JPL. 27 February 2009. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
- E.V. Pitjeva (2005). "High-Precision Ephemerides of Planets — EPM and Determination of Some Astronomical Constants". Solar System Research 39 (3): 176. Bibcode:2005SoSyR..39..176P. doi:10.1007/s11208-_PHONE_-2.
- D. T. Britt, D. Yeomans, K. Housen, G. Consolmagno (2002). "Asteroid density, porosity, and structure". In W. Bottke, A. Cellino, P. Paolicchi, R.P. Binzel. Asteroids III. University of Arizona Press. p. 488.
- R.A. Jacobson, J.K. Campbell, A.H. Taylor, S.P. Synnott (1992). "The masses of Uranus and its major satellites from Voyager tracking data and Earth-based Uranian satellite data". Astronomical Journal 103 (6): 2068–2078. Bibcode:1992AJ....103.2068J. doi:10.1086/116211.
- M.W. Buie, W.M. Grundy, E.F. Young, L.A. Young, S.A. Stern (2006). "Orbits and photometry of Pluto's satellites: Charon, S/2005 P1, and S/2005 P2". Astronomical Journal 132: 290. arXiv:astro-ph/_PHONE_. Bibcode:2006AJ....132..290B. doi:10.1086/504422.
- M.E. Brown, E.L. Schaller (2007). "The Mass of Dwarf Planet Eris". Science 316 (5831): 1586. Bibcode::2007Sci...316.1585B. doi:10.1126/science._PHONE_.


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Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Abaza terms that indicate people, beings, things, places, phenomena, qualities or ideas.
- Category:Abaza proper nouns: Abaza nouns that indicate individual entities, such as names of persons, places or organizations.
This category has only the following subcategory.
- ► Abaza proper nouns (0 c, 1 e)
Pages in category "Abaza nouns"
The following 29 pages are in this category, out of 29 total.


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Forest management and nutrient cycling in eastern hardwoodsAuthor(s): James H. Patric; David W. Smith
Source: Res. Pap. NE-324. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 12p.
Publication Series: Research Paper (RP)
Station: Northeastern Research Station
PDF: View PDF (2.06 MB)
DescriptionThe literature was reviewed for reports on nutrient cycling in the eastern deciduous forest, particularly with respect to nitrogen, and for effects of forest management on the nutrient cycle. Although most such research has dealt with conifers, a considerable body of literature relates to hardwoods. Usually, only those references that dealt quantitatively with nutrient cycling were cited. The nutrient content of the forest stand is a relatively small part of the total nutrient pool contained in soil. Under the present practices of harvesting stem wood on a 50- to 100-year rotation, nutrient deficiency as a result of crop removal seems unlikely on most forest land. The probability of nutrient deficiency increases as the trend continues toward shorter rotations and more complete utilization of branchwood, thinnings, culls, and brush presently left on the site to nourish forest regeneration after cutting. Nutrient deficiencies that develop as a result of product harvest can be resolved by modifying cutting practices or by fertilization, or both.
- Check the Northern Research Station web site to request a printed copy of this publication.
- Our on-line publications are scanned and captured using Adobe Acrobat.
- During the capture process some typographical errors may occur.
CitationPatric, James H.; Smith, David W. 1975. Forest management and nutrient cycling in eastern hardwoods. Res. Pap. NE-324. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 12p.
- Nutrient Drain Associated with Hardwood Plantation Culture
- Impact of harvesting and atmospheric pollution on nutrient depletion of eastern US hardwood forests
- Acidic deposition and sustainable forest management in the central Appalachians, USA
XML: View XML


E P Collier
Primary School and Nursery
Nurture. Discover. Achieve.
Blue team
Listening walk
Sounds are everywhere all around us, even in your home!
Today we are going to go on a listening walk.
To do a listening walk at home we walk around, stopping in each room we visit. When you stop, stay very still and quiet, and use your best listening ears to help you to listen really carefully to all the sounds.
Before you go on your listening walk you may want to make a special listening headband or hat to wear. This can be done by using a strip of paper as a headband, and drawing and cutting out some large ears to stick on the band. You can make a pair of giant human ears or perhaps even some bunny ears, or cat ears!
Questions to ask yourself on your listening walk:
What can you hear?
Where do you think it is coming from?
What was the loudest sound you heard on your listening walk?
What was the quietest sound you heard on your listening walk?
In which room did you hear the most sounds at once?


text: Four people are chosen for the round and three of the four are taken out of the room. The one that remains is told to mime something such as the statue of liberty or barney the dinosaur. Before they start, a second person is brought into the room and told to watch. When the first demonstration is done, the first person is allowed to sit down and the third person is brought into the room. The second (who has just seen the demonstration) is told that they have to act out what they have just seen for the third person. After it's done, the fourth person enters and the scene is acted out again by the third person.


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In Can HCH epistemically dominate Ramanujan? Alex Zhu wrote:
If HCH is ascription universal, then it should be able to epistemically dominate an AI theorem-prover that reasons similarly to how Ramanujan reasoned. But I don't currently have any intuitions as to why explicit verbal breakdowns of reasoning should be able to replicate the intuitions that generated Ramanujan's results (or any style of reasoning employed by any mathematician since Ramanujan, for that matter).
And I answered:
My guess is that HCH has to reverse engineer the theorem prover, figure out how/why it works, and then reproduce the same kind of reasoning.
And then I followed up my own comment with:
It occurs to me that if the overseer understands everything that the ML model (that it's training) is doing, and the training is via some kind of local optimization algorithm like gradient descent, the overseer is essentially manually programming the ML model by gradually nudging it from some initial (e.g., random) point in configuration space.
No one answered my comments with either a confirmation or denial, as to whether these guesses of how to understand Universality / Informed Oversight and IDA are correct. I'm surfacing this question as a top-level post because if "Informed Oversight = reverse engineering" and "IDA = programming by nudging" are good analogies for understanding Informed Oversight and IDA, it seems to have pretty significant implications.
In particular it seems to imply that there's not much hope for IDA to be competitive with ML-in-general, because if IDA is analogous to a highly constrained method of "manual" programming, that seems unlikely to be competitive with less constrained methods of "manual" programming (i.e., AIs designing and programming more advanced AIs in more general ways, similar to how humans do most programming today), which itself is presumably not competitive with general (unconstrained-by-safety) ML (otherwise ML would not be the competitive benchmark).
If these are not good ways to understand IO and IDA, can someone please point out why?


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Why can't you just hook up a piece of wire between a piece of zinc and copper and get an electric current? What is it about the electrolyte that makes zinc give up electrons? Also, why will the lack of a salt bridge stop the electric current from moving? Why does balancing out the positivity and negativity at the cathode and anode matter?
closed as too broad by Todd Minehardt, pentavalentcarbon, bon, Jon Custer, A.K. Jun 11 '17 at 15:51
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
A close circuit is needed for electrons to flow. The electrolyte and salt bridge serves to complete the circuit. Additionally, the salt bridge also serves to function of maintain electrical neutrality in each half-cell, preventing the accumulation of charges, aiding the flow of electrons.
If charges were to accumulate in each half-cell, the potential difference between the two half-cells, which is the key driver of electrons, would decrease over time to 0 V and no electrons would flow.
There have been many discussions on this site. To cite a few: What is the real purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell? (look at the comments)


What does 'USPS Awaiting Delivery Scan' Mean? Briefly Explained (2021)
What does USPS awaiting delivery scan mean? In this article, I'll explain what is meant by this message of USPS and what you have to do in this case. USPS use scanners to follow/track the progress of each package, that if it is delivered or not! If it says "awaiting delivery scan," that means it […]


Enhancements to back-sql
Here at Carnegie Mellon we're running the back-sql backend on our production master OpenLDAP server and we've reached a very stable environment. I have made about 10 enhancements to the backend and I would like to begin sending them back up to the repository. I have them in my source tree added to 2.2.18.
Two questions:
Is 2.2.18 a good tree to have them in, or is there a better tree, e.g. HEAD or the theoretical 2.3?
How would you like to see the changes? A series of unified diff's, each building on the previous? A tar of the whole back-sql?
Here's a summary of the enhancements, sorted somewhat in order of their code impact:
* Added an option to set the SQL query for the "id_query" operation.
* Added the backend API functions for the entry_get and entry_release
entry points. The functions are needed for performing ACLs which employ "dnattr", "group", and other clauses.
* Added an option to the SQL backend called "use_subtree_shortcut".
When a search is performed, the SQL query includes a WHERE clause
which says the DN must be "LIKE %". The LIKE operation
can be slow in an RDBM. This shortcut option says that if the
searchbase of the LDAP search is the root DN of the SQL backend,
and thus all objects will match the LIKE operator, do not include
the "LIKE %" clause in the SQL query (it is replaced
instead by the always true "1=1" clause to keep the "AND"'s working correctly). This option is off by default, and should be
turned on only if all objects to be found in the RDBM are under the
same root DN. Multiple backends working within the same RDBM table
space would encounter problems. LDAP searches whose searchbase are
not at the root DN will bypass this shortcut and employ the LIKE clause.
* Oracle has reserved the keyword "uid", and so tables cannot be
created with a column with that name. This is unfortunately a common
word for an LDAP server that stores information about computer accounts.
In order to have an LDAP attribute named "uid", a special exception was added for fetching a column named "uid". The SQL column can be
called anything, e.g. "username", but when the SQL query to fetch an attribute named "uid" is made, the "AS" clause changes the column name to
"uidtmp" instead of "uid". When ODBC is reading back results for the
"uid" attribute, it will seek the result column "uidtmp". This option is
shielded by a _TAG_ macro.
* Improved sr_text messages to tell what went wrong in backend,
instead of just "SQL-backend error".
* Added a "create_hint" column to ldap_oc_mappings table. Allows
taking the value of an attr named in "create_hint" and passing it to
the create_proc procedure. This is necessary for when an objectClass's
table is partition indexed by some indexing column and thus the value
in that indexing column cannot change after the row is created. The
value for the indexed column is passed into the create_proc, which
uses it to fill in the indexed column as the new row is created.
* When loading the values of an attribute, the count(*) of the number
of values is fetched first and memory is allocated for the array of
values and normalized values. The old system of loading the values one
by one and running realloc() on the array of values and normalized
values each time was badly fragmenting memory. The array of values and
normalized values would be side by side in memory, and realloc()'ing
them over and over would force them to leapfrog each other through all
of available memory. Attrs with a large number of values could not be
loaded without crashing the slapd daemon.
* Added code to interpret the value returned by stored procedures
which have expect_return set. Returned value is interpreted as an LDAP
return code. This allows the distinction between the SQL failing to
execute and the SQL running to completion and returning an error code
which can indicate a policy violation.
* Added RDBM connection pooling. Once an operation is finished the
connection to the RDBM is returned to a pool rather than closing.
Allows the next operation to skip the initialization and authentication
phases of contacting the RDBM. Also, if licensing with ODBC places
a limit on the number of connections, an LDAP thread can block waiting
for another thread to finish, so that no LDAP errors are returned
for having more LDAP connections than allowed RDBM connections. An
RDBM connection which receives an SQL error is marked as "tainted"
so that it will be closed rather than returned to the pool.
 Also, RDBM connections must be bound to a given LDAP connection AND
operation number, and NOT just the connection number. Asynchronous
LDAP clients can have multiple simultaneous LDAP operations which
should not share the same RDBM connection. A given LDAP operation can
even make multiple SQL operations (e.g. a BIND operation which
requires SASL to perform an LDAP search to convert the SASL ID to an
LDAP DN), so each RDBM connection now has a refcount that must reach
zero before the connection is returned to the free pool.
* Added ability to change the objectClass of an object. Required considerable work to copy all attributes out of old object and into
new object. Does a schema check before proceeding. Creates a new
object, fills it in, deletes the old object, then changes the oc_map_id and keyval of the entry in the "ldap_entries" table.
 -Mark Adamson
 Carnegie Mellon


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As family historians venture into cemeteries to look for more clues about their ancestors many wonder what, if anything, the symbols on headstones mean.
While most headstone symbols do have a textbook meaning, many were chosen simply because the person who died requested such a design, or because the person choosing the headstone liked how it looked. They may not have realised their chosen design had meaning. Fashion also played a big part, as did the need to impress. Therefore the true representation of a headstone symbol may never be known.
Nevertheless, it's interesting to know the potential meanings behind various symbols. Here are some examples I've found in the rural cemeteries of Canterbury, New Zealand. This is an ongoing project so please check back for updates or subscribe to this blog to receive automatic notifications of updates.
Flowers and Foliage
Trade and Occupation


Negative energy
 1. can a matter have negative energy?
 or more appropriately what makes some energy as negative?
 2. jcsd
 3. It just depends on what your reference point is. For example, as it is convention to have gravitational potential energy at an infinite distance away to be 0 joules, our calculations show GPE to be negative.
 4. isn't that anything that has positive mass have positive energy?
 i am not certain on that
 5. ZapperZ
 ZapperZ 30,451
 Staff Emeritus
 Science Advisor
 Education Advisor
 I think you need to step back and learn a bit more on classical mechanics.
 One can easily see that, for example, in attractive energies (example: gravitational potential), it is DEFINED that zero is at infinity, and that the gravitational potential well is defined as being negative!
 The same can be said about the potential that an electron has in an atom (look at the potential energy term in the Schrodinger equation).
 So you need to learn a bit more of what we mean by negative energy, and why it is rather arbitrary in some sense.
 6. Bill_K
 Bill_K 4,157
 Science Advisor
 nouveau_riche, You are absolutely correct, and this is not a trivial issue, as several responses have implied. It's true that in Newtonian physics the zero point of energy is arbitrary. You can define it to be the energy that a particle has as infinity, or you can define it to be the energy it has at the Earth's surface, as you like. But in relativity this is not the case. In relativity the zero point of energy is absolute. A particle's gravitational potential energy is negative but can never exceed its rest mass, and so the sum is always positive.
 The statement you made, "anything that has positive mass must have positive energy" is known as the Positive Energy Theorem or Positive Mass Conjecture, and has been proved under rather general assumptions. See the Wikipedia article, or google Positive Energy Theorem and you will find many references to it.
Have something to add?


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Date of Conferral
Romantic relationship satisfaction relates to better overall health, and identifying factors that affect relationship satisfaction could lead to better understanding of romantic relationships. This study examined the correlation between benevolent sexism, a subtle form of sexism resembling chivalry and relationship satisfaction; gender, age, ethnicity, religious beliefs, education, and length of time were also considered as moderators. The ambivalent sexism theory, which posits that sexism is ambivalent and ranges from hostile to benevolent sexism was the theoretical framework guiding this study. Previous research indicated benevolent sexism may predict relationship satisfaction. However, there remained an important gap in the literature; the demographic variables above had not been considered as moderators in those analyses. Thus, the purpose of this non-experimental study using data collected from a U.S. sample of adults who had been in romantic relationships for at least 1 year was to determine if such links existed. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that benevolent sexism, measured by the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory did not predict relationship satisfaction, measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale, and none of the demographic variables served as moderators. Results were trending toward significance though, suggesting that benevolent sexism might influence women's relationship satisfaction. Further research using longitudinal, mixed-method studies of dyads is recommended to gain a clearer understanding of this phenomenon. Findings would make important contributions to existing literature and enhance social change by providing professionals and individuals with awareness of how benevolent sexist attitudes may affect relationship satisfaction.


Inversion Therapy
What is Inversion Therapy?
Inversion therapy is a technique where one is suspended upside down to stretch out the spine (spinal traction) and relieve back pain. The goal is that by shifting the body's gravity, relieving incredible amounts of pressure and in turn, relaxing the back muscles through disrupting your normal rhythms.
It is believed that through inversion therapy, you can resolve and prevent back problems through the decompressing of the body in reversing gravity. It is also believed the stretching and circulatory benefits can help prevent future related health issues.
Through this spinal traction, pressure is relieved throughout the back muscles and improves the spatial distance between the spinal discs, allowing further flexibility and mobility.
For these reasons, you may benefit from inversion therapy in the following ways:
 - Reduces back pain
 - Improves spinal health
 - Increases flexibility
 - Can reduce the need for surgery
Parent: Massage
Where can you have a Inversion Therapy
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1920 Clason Guide Map of Arizona
Description: This is a fine example of the Guide Map of Arizona by G. S. Clason. Issued to accompany Clason's Arizona Green Guide, this folding map covers the entire state of Arizona. A legend near the bottom of the map shows the state capital, (Phoenix) county lines, county seats, railroads, rail trunk lines, Indian reservations, national forests, automobile roads and main auto roads. An index on the bottom of the map lists towns with their population. The Green Guides were published by the Clason Map Company between _PHONE_. The 32 page booklet contains detailed information about various monuments, and other interesting facts about Arizona. It also lists road names and pole markings, logs and auto routes, rivers and creeks, springs and wells, a table of the shortest railroad mileage between Arizona towns, and a commercial index of Arizona cities and towns. The guide further includes full page maps of the business districts of Phoenix and Tucson. Though this map is undated, it was most likely issued around 1920 giving that it shows the Grand Canyon National Park, which was created in 1919. This guide map of Arizona was created by George Clason and published by the Clason Map Co., Chicago, III., Denver, Colorado as part of Clason's Arizona Green Guide.
Date: 1920 (undated)
Source: Clason, G., Clason's Arizona Green Guide., 1920.
Cartographer: George Samuel Clason was born in the city if Louisiana, Missouri in 1874. As a young man he studied at the University of Nebraska before joining the United States Army to fight in the Spanish American War. After the war, Clason moved to Denverl, Colorado where he founded the Clason Map Company of Denver, thus starting his lucrative publishing career. As the company expanded Clason opened a secondary office in Chicago, Illinois - then a rising map publishing center and railroad hub. Among his many achievements, Clason is credited with producing the first road atlas of the United States. In the late 1920s, Clason also published a series of "get-rich-quick" pamphlets in the form of parables. The most famous of these is "The Richest Man in Babylon." This tells the story of Arkad, a citizen of Babylon famed for his great wealth and generosity who shares his wit and wisdom with his fellow Babylonians. Click here for a list of rare maps from George Samuel Clason.
Size: Printed area measures 16.5 x 20 inches (41.91 x 50.8 centimeters)
Condition: Very good. Original fold lines. Blank on verso. Accompanied by original companion booklet.
Code: Arizona-clason-1920 (to order by phone call: _PHONE_)


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Where Your Treasure Is
Where Your Treasure Is
Pastor Keith Hassell
Foundation Scripture: Luke 12:13-34
I. Where is your treasure? Show me where your treasure is, and I will show you where your heart is!
II. What is our definition of "life"?
A. What determines if we will have a happy life?
B. What is the focus of a happy life?
C. What is the finish line of a happy life?
D. Is not "LIFE" the goal of a happy life?
E. "LIFE" results from a relationship with Jesus Christ who is our life
III. Heart conditions that rob us of "LIFE"
A. Covetousness (verses 13-15)
1. LIFE does not consist in the abundance of the things a man possesses (or who he possesses in relationship)
2. Covetousness is setting your sights on a treasure that belongs to another
3. Covetousness is setting your focus on things of this world rather than on a relationship with God
4. Covetousness will lock you into wanting more and never being satisfied with what you have. This developing a life with the Lord is always on end of our list of "desires."
B. Selfishness (Parable of the Rich Fool, verses 16-21)
1. This man had worked hard and prospered
2. This man became a hoarder rather than a giver
3. This man laid up treasure for himself but was not rich toward God
4. Selfishness keeps our heart focused on ourselves rather than upon the Lord and others
C. Worry (verses 22-30)
1. Worry is borrowing potential trouble from tomorrow.
2. Worry consists of thoughts whirling around a center of fear.
3. What is the fear that Jesus is speaking of here? The fear of not having the things we need in life.
4. Fear keeps our hearts trusting in ourselves and in others rather than trusting in Him.
5. Fear paralyzes our obedience to the Lord.
IV. How do we experience true LIFE?
A. (Verse 31) Overcome covetousness by focusing on the true priority of our life---to seek the kingdom of God. What does this mean? It means to embrace the kingdom of God in our own lives and to seek to bring His kingdom into the lives of others.
B. (Verse 32) Overcome fear by trusting that God will give us everything we need as we seek first His kingdom.
C. (Verse 33) Overcome selfishness by focusing on the needs of others. Sell what you have and give alms. In doing so, you provide for yourself the kind of riches that no one can ever take from you and that can never lose their value.
V. What is the conclusion of the matter? It is the heart. "For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also."
A. Where is your treasure today?
B. Show me where your treasure is and I will show you where your heart is.
C. If your treasure is "More" then your heart will never be satisfied.
D. If your treasure is "Me" then your heart will rot with selfishness.
E. If your treasure is "security in this life" then your heart will become paralyzed by fear and worry.
F. When Jesus and His kingdom become our treasure, then our heart is right and the truly important things will be ours as well.


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Graph the demand and supply curves and show the equilibrium price and quantity.
- At a price of $3 per gallon, would there be a surplus or shortage of gasoline? How much would the surplus or shortage be? Indicate the surplus or shortage on the graph.
- At a price of $6 per gallon, would there be a surplus or shortage of gasoline? How much would the surplus or shortage be? Show the surplus or shortage on the graph.
- Suppose the quantity demanded increased by 2,000 gallons per month at each price. At a price of $3 per gallon, how much would the surplus or shortage be? Graph the demand and supply curves and show the surplus or shortage.
- Suppose the quantity supplied decreased by 2,000 gallons per month at each price for prices between $4 and $8 per gallon. At prices less than $4 per gallon the quantity supplied becomes zero, while the quantities demanded retain the values shown in the table. At a price of $4 per gallon, how much would the surplus or shortage be? Graph the demand and supply curves and show the surplus or shortage.
- If the demand curve shifts as in problem 13 and the supply curve shifts as in problem 14, without drawing a graph or consulting the data, can you predict whether equilibrium price increases or decreases? What about equilibrium quantity? Now draw a graph that shows what the new equilibrium price and quantity are.


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Investigation of binary nanocrystal superlattice
Christine, Kusuma Dewi
Date of Issue2011
School of Materials Science and Engineering
Binary Nanocrystal Superlattice (BNSL) is the assembly of nanoparticles of two different materials. Based on the fact that atoms and molecules can result in various crystal structures and properties, nanocrystal will definitely give an even wider choices of properties due to its size quantum effect. [Peer Assessment Review]
Student Research Poster
© 2011 The Author(s).


Why Ethereum will win the platform war!
coin duel
Why Ethereum will win the platform war!
Ethereum's initial and central innovation over Bitcoin was the "programmable blockchain" facilitated by the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solidity programming language. Programs in Ethereum are called "smart contracts" which, in my opinion, is a horrible name for them. I can only guess that name is a vestige of Blockchain's main focus on financial applications and digital cash. If we think of a blockchain as just a data store then a program that operates on that data should be called a "Blockchain program" which is sufficiently generic to include a wide array of functionality. There are other examples in the Ethereum stack that are also poorly named constructs or metaphors like gas and accounts. Gas? Am I filling up my car here? Accounts - what, like a bank account? Why am I harping on what many would consider trivial issues? Because the objective of any computing platform is to win over developers to build applications on your platform and not your competitor's platform. Let's look at some examples of platform competition:
 - iOS vs Android.
 - Playstation vs Xbox
 - Amazon Web Services vs Microsoft Azure.
Who are these platforms trying to win over? DEVELOPERS! So, when trying to convert someone to switch from their current development platform to your platform, the best way to do that is to give them the simplest path from where they are to where you want them to be. Part of the way you do that is to name similar things in similar ways and to keep the metaphors across the environments consistent. Ethereum fails to do that with some of its naming and metaphors.
But the title of this article is "Why Ethereum will Win!" True, I will get to that.
Ethereum runs these blockchain programs on a Virtual Machine called the "Ethereum Virtual Machine". Virtual machines have been around a long time, with P-code (short for portable code) machines in the late 60's and early 70's. Virtual machines, like the very popular Java Virtual Machine (JVM), offer the significant benefit of allowing developers to write their programs one time and run them on a variety of hardware platforms. As an aside, my day job is developing Java programs (all day, every day). The way a virtual machine works is that each hardware vendor writes an implementation of the virtual machine that runs on their hardware. This enables developers to not have to care which physical hardware will run their program because their source code gets translated into instructions (called opcodes) that run on the "virtual" machine (which is what distinguishes virtual from physical). So, the use of a virtual machine is yet another mechanism to attract developers to your platform. Now, we are ready to discuss why I think Ethereum will win the blockchain platform wars.
1. They have first-mover advantage. This is why Ethereum is the #1 blockchain platform today. But, this alone, is not enough to keep them on top. Competitors like Cardano and Polkadot are attacking Ethereum where it is weak - scalability and proof-of-work (which is also related to scalability). In other words, Ethereum is slow. So, in the best tradition of Sun Tzu, you attack where your enemy is weak! In my opinion, this is a temporary weakness and ETH2.0 will solve the scalability issues (or die trying).
2. They have chosen to evolve their EVM wisely by going to eWASM. The Ethereum Virtual Machine will be replaced by a virtual machine that can run WASM or the Web Assembly language. This is an emerging standard for the web to move beyond Javascript to any language that can generate WASM opcodes. This is a brilliant strategic move that gives the entire population of Web developers an easy migration path to the Ethereum platform! Bravo! Well done! Why is this so smart? Because it is leveraging an existing technology (WASM) that is gaining in popularity (along with the RUST programming language) to increase the number of developers eligible to create applications for Ethereum! That is a significant strategic differentiator! In other words, in order for a Blockchain platform to win the crypto-platform-war they must keep their eye on the prize: LOTS OF DEVELOPERS
Now, will the current competitors shift their tactics to counter this brilliant strategic flanking maneuver - we will see!
How do you rate this article?
Michael Daconta is a well-known technology author of 12 technical books, 1 non-fiction book and thousands of articles and blog posts. He has authored and co-authored books on Java, XML, C, C++, information management and cloud computing.
Good Crypto Bad Crypto
Good Crypto Bad Crypto
In this blog, we will evaluate cryptocurrencies through the lens of the disruptive power of the underlying technologies. Not all technologies are equal. The smart investor of cryptocurrency must distinguish between things that are truly revolutionary, things that are evolutionary, and things that are merely exploiting the hype to make a quick buck through copycatting and buzzwords.
20% to author / 80% to me.
We pay the tips from our rewards pool.


Diverse Populations
Advancing mathematical understanding for all students.
Useful Assessment Information
All Math Recovery courses provide educators with multiple diagnostic assessments that pinpoint the current numeracy understanding of individual students.
General Education
With the knowledge gained in all Math Recovery courses general education teachers use information on differentiating instruction in the classroom to create and modify curricular materials and educational settings for all learners in the classroom. During whole group experiences, small group instruction, or individualized work educators are empowered to manipulate instructional settings, scaffold questions, and encourage the development of conceptual understanding for all students.
Title 1 Programs
All Math Recovery courses provide school-wide and targeted-assisted Title 1 schools the ability to assess and monitor student growth and success through targeted intervention designed to promotes student growth in skills, abilities, and understandings.
Monitoring Success
All Math Recovery courses provide educators with the ability to constantly monitor and evaluate current understanding and skills towards learning goals.
Targeted Instruction
All Math Recovery courses provide research-based learning trajectories that can be used to plan, create, and implement targeted instruction for individuals, small groups, and whole classes. Students have access to high-quality instruction aimed at current understanding and skills as identified by administered diagnostic assessments.
Special Education Programs
Special Education teachers can use the diagnostic assessments and learning trajectories to create individualized learning plans and goals for the students they work with. Math Recovery courses focus on providing instruction that is responsive to individual student needs and to promote continual growth.
Gifted/Talented Students
Through the application and use of learning progressions educators can enrich and accelerate learning for gifted and talented students, who may have mathematical understandings and skills beyond grade level expectations. US Math Recovery courses provide professional development on a range of domains; from early numeracy topics to fractions.
Photography by Rebecca Zenefski


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Costa Rica, known for its stunning natural beauty and commitment to eco-consciousness, is at the forefront of reshaping the global blockchain landscape. The rise of "Blockchain Jungle" marks a significant milestone in Costa Rica's journey toward a sustainable blockchain future.
In January 2021, Costa Rican policymakers unveiled an ambitious proposal: a bill to regulate cryptocurrency transactions within the country. This multifaceted initiative aimed to establish a comprehensive legal framework for digital currencies, including renowned names like Bitcoin and Ethereum. The bill's objectives were manifold, with an emphasis on fostering innovation, attracting foreign investment, and driving economic growth. It also aimed to combat issues related to money laundering and other illicit activities frequently associated with cryptocurrencies.
A pivotal aspect of the bill is the creation of the "Superintendencia de Criptoactivos y Actividades Conexas" (SUNCA), a regulatory body responsible for granting licenses to cryptocurrency exchanges and businesses dealing with digital currencies. Equally groundbreaking is the bill's provision to allow workers to receive their salaries in cryptocurrencies, a move that promotes wider adoption.
Costa Rica's journey into the world of cryptocurrencies began in 2018 when the Central Bank clarified that digital currencies like Bitcoin were not considered legal tender within the nation. However, this stance did not impede the use of digital currencies for transactions. Moreover, Costa Rica's favorable political climate and abundant renewable energy resources have attracted cryptocurrency mining operations to its shores.
Fostering a Blockchain-Friendly Environment
Costa Rica's dedication to blockchain technology became apparent in 2018 when the Ministry of Science and Technology expressed its intention to leverage blockchain for enhancing transparency and efficiency in government services. This commitment, combined with a strong emphasis on sustainability, set the stage for the inception of "Blockchain Jungle 2023."
Blockchain Jungle 2023: Cultivating Sustainability
Scheduled for November 16th, 2023, at the Costa Rica Convention Center, "Blockchain Jungle 2023" is a remarkable event that aims to bring together global industry experts, innovators, and policymakers. Their collective objective is to collaborate, learn, and nurture a sustainable blockchain ecosystem in Costa Rica.
Juan C. Guerrero, the Executive Director of Blockchain Jungle, shares his vision for the event: "Blockchain Jungle serves as a platform for critical conversations among policymakers, innovators, and industry experts. Our aim is to strike a harmonious balance between technological advancement, policy formulation, and sustainability, not only in Costa Rica but on a global scale."
The event's core goals align with Costa Rica's commitment to sustainability and cultural heritage. It encourages investment in Costa Rica, positioning the nation as a global leader in blockchain technology. Additionally, it seeks to attract international talent and resources while boosting the local economy through increased tourism and business opportunities. It also showcases Costa Rica's renewable energy initiatives, aiming to inspire other nations to embrace sustainable blockchain practices.
Blockchain Jungle's Impactful Agenda
"Blockchain Jungle 2023" features a comprehensive agenda designed to inspire change and promote sustainability. It includes thought-provoking presentations, interactive workshops, and masterclasses covering green mining, sustainable blockchain solutions, and decentralized finance (DeFi).
The agenda comprises keynote speeches, panel discussions, and networking opportunities, with a strong focus on finance, technology, environment, and policy-making within the blockchain space. Themed breakout sessions foster collaborative problem-solving, while the Innovation Lab highlights new technologies and promising startups. One of the keynote speakers is Cathy Hackl who is a highly respected global business executive, tech futurist, and media personality. She's a leading authority in emerging tech and co-founded Journey where she advises companies, brands, cities and governments with gaming, AR, AI, spatial computing, metaverse, web3, virtual world strategies, and strategic foresight. Brands like Nike, Walmart, Louis Vuitton, and Clinique have trusted her to guide them into new virtual spaces on their emerging tech journeys.
Sustainability remains a central theme, with the Sustainability Village presented by FIFCO showcasing Costa Rica's renewable energy initiatives and sustainable products from local businesses. FIFCO, a prominent sponsor, plays a pivotal role in supporting this endeavor.
Blockchain Jungle also places great importance on empowering local communities and promoting financial inclusion through DeFi solutions, with the aim of fostering a sense of national pride.
The Grand Finale
As the conference draws to a close, organizers will summarize key takeaways and outline Costa Rica's next steps toward becoming a global blockchain hub. The celebration continues with a grand concert featuring headline performances by Costa Rican indie-pop sensation MishCatt, multi-instrumentalist Sonia Bruno, and local electronic music producer and DJ Disto, promising a memorable night of entertainment and festivity.
"Blockchain Jungle: Leading the Sustainable Blockchain Revolution" exemplifies Costa Rica's unwavering commitment to shaping a sustainable future through blockchain technology. With its forward-thinking approach, Costa Rica is poised to lead the way in cryptocurrency adoption and blockchain solutions. As the conference pioneers this unique event, it demonstrates how sustainability and technological advancement can converge, leaving an indelible mark on the global blockchain landscape.


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Teach your baby the signs for the words pacifier and binky in baby sign language with the following description and videos. Use the same sign for both English words.
Pacifier and Binky
Shape the index finger and thumb a modified C. Hold the hand in front of the mouth with the thumb and index finger parallel to the lips. Move the hand in towards the mouth.
Porpora, Tracey. 2011. The complete guide to baby sign language: 101 trips and tricks every parent needs to know. Ocala, FL: Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc.


ProteÍnas estructurales
Santa Cruz Biotechnology offers conjugated and unconjugated monoclonal primary antibodies directed against most structural proteins. Structural proteins establish the cellular architecture necessary to achieve specific function. In cells, these proteins are required for phagocytosis, pinocytosis, cell adhesion, cell motility, subcellular organization and cell division. In tissues, structural proteins are necessary for muscle formation and contraction, as well as for maintaining an intact epithelium. Structural proteins may also play a role in intracellular trafficking through the microtubule network.
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