Where are Manchester's neighborhoods?
The darker blue areas represent the core parts of neighborhoods as defined by average people; the lighter areas are less defined. Image from the Boston Globe.
Recently, the Boston Globe ran a piece about the perception of city neighborhoods by average people. Using an online mapping software, they asked people to draw the boundaries of the city's famous (and not-so-famous) neighborhoods. What they found was that popular perception of what made up, say, the South End differed somewhat from what the City officially defined the neighborhood boundaries as, not to mention how real estate agents stretched the boundaries into lesser-known nearby areas.
That last bit is something that Fortress Manchester looked at with the desirable North End in Manchester. According to the planning department's map of city neighborhoods, the North End starts at Salmon Street, but depending on whom you ask, the North End can extend as far south as Bridge Street or be cut off at Webster Street. Unlike the set lines of cities or even the river between the West Side and Downtown, most neighborhood boundaries are fuzzy. Some areas seem like they're not even part of a neighborhood at all.
So we were wondering how people perceived of neighborhoods in Manchester. The neighborhoods in the Queen City aren't as well-known–outside the city, for sure, but even locally–as those in Boston, but there are some that have strong identities: Downtown, the North End, the Hollow, the West Side (which is really too big and diverse to be just one neighborhood), and increasingly Rimmon Heights. There are other historic neighborhoods that exist mostly only on city maps and a few businesses: Janesville, Hallsville, Youngsville, Bakersville, Piscataquog, Notre Dame and Amoskeag. Then, there are other areas that are more defined by a major street or intersection than the neighborhood around them: the Hollow (again), Granite Square, Second Street, Webster Street, Kelley Street, and sometimes even Elm Street. The city planning department is trying to revive some of these neighborhood identities, albeit with new names in some cases. And then there are neighborhoods that the planning department seemed to create (not that that's necessarily a bad thing): Straw/Smyth, Wolfe Park, Northwest and Wellington, among others.
In a city of Manchester's size, having a series of neighborhoods with strong identities is crucial to the vibrancy of the city as a whole, and to the individual neighborhoods throughout it. Otherwise, what makes a particular area special or different? Right now, though, there aren't many neighborhoods that are easy to identify. Fewer still have their own neighborhood center, a place with locally geared shops, restaurants, cafes and other places to naturally congregate and run errands without going downtown or to the strip malls on the edge of town.
This map from the City's master plan shows neighborhoods and neighborhood centers, as identified by the City. Like the map of Boston from the Globe, it blurs the boundaries between most neighborhoods.
The City's master plan does identify at least eleven neighborhood business centers (also called neighborhood village centers), areas that "provide services, jobs and a sense of community for the neighborhood," and suggests that they "should be strengthened through redevelopment, development of more mixed uses and a design framework that encourages a walkable area," but the zoning and promotion of most of those centers is lagging far behind. We've put together a map of the neighborhood centers identified by the City, along with those areas zoned to be walkable, mixed-use districts (and other areas that we think should be rezoned as such). The master plan rightfully emphasizes the importance of strong neighborhood centers to serve as the core of the city's neighborhoods, but the zoning, planning and promotion of those areas really needs to be stepped up.
Future Rimmon Heights & Notre Dame
Places like Lafayette Park in Rimmon Heights/Notre Dame can be focal points of a neighborhood, but it takes the people there to give it a unique identity.
Downtown Manchester is continuing to thrive and grow, and it's the natural focal point for the city and the region, but Manchester is much more than its downtown–after all, the vast majority of people in Manchester live in the neighborhoods outside of downtown. Just as Manchester needs to implement and follow its master plan as a whole, comprehensive plans need to be developed for individual neighborhoods. One such plan was developed for Rimmon Heights several years ago, and it has been partially implemented, but there's much work left to be done. Just across the city line, a similar plan is being developed for Pinardville in Goffstown. Of course, it's not enough for there to be a plan or even to expect the City to implement it. There need to be strong grassroots groups, like the one in Rimmon Heights, to promote individual neighborhoods and give them a unique identity.
So what do you think of the neighborhoods as defined by the city? Do they follow the rough boundaries that you'd expect? How about the names? Some of them are easy to rally around (Rimmon Heights and the North End, for example), but others, like Straw/Smyth, are pretty clumsy. What would you suggest as a different name for any of the neighborhoods? And how about the neighborhood centers–do they make sense? Is anything missing? Most important, though, what can be done to strengthen the neighborhood centers? To make them more walkable focal points within the city? And what can be done to give various neighborhoods a greater sense of identity and uniqueness?
6 thoughts on "Where are Manchester's neighborhoods?
 1. As a resident of the so-called "Smyth/Straw" neighborhood, I agree that it is rather clumsily named. Several years ago my Neighborhood Watch group had a tough time coming up with a place-based name for our group. We ended up selecting Oak Park as our focal point as the vast majority of us live with four or five blocks of the park.Thus we refer to ourselves as the Oak Park Neighborhood Watch and to our neighborhood as the Oak Park neighborhood. It's certainly smaller that the City-designated "Smyth-Straw" neighborhood, but it works for us.
 1. That's a good point–even within the larger official neighborhoods, there are smaller distinctive areas: Oak Park (which is a much nicer name) in Straw/Smyth, Granite Square in Piscataquog, the area around Stark Park and River Road in the North End, the Hollow in Hallsville, and of course the Millyard in Downtown. But whether it's the official neighborhood or a smaller informal neighborhood, a good name is essential if people are going to identify with it. Oak Park works well for the immediate area, but there's got to be better name for the whole area. I wonder if you or any other residents have any ideas?
 2. I would like to see something happen with the Somerville neighborhood. That is where I grew up and I can still see a lot of potential. With a little investment and community outreach, Wilson St. from Valley to Somerville (and really, parts of Somerville from Wilson to Taylor) could really be a nice little neighborhood center.
 1. That area has a lot of potential. It's an area I know well from growing up myself (though I never lived there), and a neighborhood I visited frequently when Jewell & the Beanstalk was open. It's an unusual area since it's not on any major thoroughfares, but along what was once a streetcar line that went down Wilson Street and turned onto Somerville Street. Still, there are a decent number and a good mix of locally geared businesses there.
 It's too bad that the Beanstalk isn't around anymore, because a cafe like that can serve as a strong heart for a neighborhood, and it's something that Manchester has far too few of. Neighborhood cafes and bars, perhaps even more than traditional restaurants, are excellent gathering spots because of the interaction between people, as long as they are welcoming places for all members of the community.
 Even without the Beanstalk or another similar place, though, there's a lot of potential there. Somerville could use a neighborhood association or group along the lines of what exists in Rimmon Heights to organize events and promote the neighborhood and its businesses, both to residents of Somerville and city-wide.
 3. I highly recommend everyone sign up for Nextdoor, which is online site that focuses on creating private communities for neighborhoods within towns and cities. The team there reached out to me about breaking up one gigantic Manchester neighborhood into neighborhoods. With LivableMHT's post here about Manchester's neighborhoods as guidance, we were able to break up Manchester into similar neighborhoods on Nextdoor.
 Join and make sure you put your own stamp on your neighborhood.
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Synchronous Channels using MVars
An MVar in Haskell is a shared variable that is either full, or empty. Trying to write to a full one, or read from an empty one, will cause you to block. It can be used as a one-place buffered asynchronous channel. Consider if you didn't want choice, or conjunction or any of the fancy features of CHP, but you do want to build a synchronous channel using MVars. How would you do it?
MVars — The Obvious Way
There is a very straightforward way to turn asynchronous channels into synchronous channels: you form a pair of channels, and use one for the writer to send the reader the data, and the other for the reader to send the writer an acknowledgement:
data SimpleChannel a = SimpleChannel (MVar a) (MVar ()) newSimpleChannel :: IO (SimpleChannel a) newSimpleChannel = liftM2 SimpleChannel newEmptyMVar newEmptyMVar writeSimpleChannel :: SimpleChannel a -> a -> IO () writeSimpleChannel (SimpleChannel msg ack) x = putMVar msg x >> takeMVar ack readSimpleChannel :: SimpleChannel a -> IO a readSimpleChannel (SimpleChannel msg ack) = takeMVar msg <* putMVar ack ()
Let's assume that context-switching is the major cost in these algorithms, and examine how many times a process must block in the above algorithm. We know that this must be at least one; whoever arrives first will have to block to wait for the second participant.
We'll start with what happens if the writer arrives first. The writer arrives, puts the value into the data MVar, then blocks waiting for the ack. The reader arrives, takes the data and sends the ack, at which point the writer wakes up. So in this case: one block.
If the reader arrives first, it will block waiting for the data MVar. The writer will arrive, put the value into the data MVar, then block waiting for the ack. The reader will wake up, take the data and send the ack; then the writer will wake up. So here we had two blocks. The writer blocking is unnecessary; if the reader was already there waiting, there is no need for the writer to wait for an ack, it could just deposit the value and go — if it knew the reader was there.
MVars — The Faster Way
There are several ways to remove that second block. One way is to have an MVar as a sort of status MVar. When the reader or writer arrives, they try to put into this MVar. If they succeed, they are first and they wait on a second MVar. If they fail, they are second and act accordingly, emptying the status variable and waking up the first party:
data FastChannel a = FastChannel (MVar (Maybe a)) (MVar ()) (MVar a) newFastChannel :: IO (FastChannel a) newFastChannel = liftM3 FastChannel newEmptyMVar newEmptyMVar newEmptyMVar writeFastChannel :: FastChannel a -> a -> IO () writeFastChannel (FastChannel sts ack msg) x = do first <- tryPutMVar sts (Just x) if first then takeMVar ack -- will block else takeMVar sts >> putMVar msg x readFastChannel :: FastChannel a -> IO a readFastChannel (FastChannel sts ack msg) = do first <- tryPutMVar sts Nothing if first then takeMVar msg -- will block else (fromJust <$> takeMVar sts) <* putMVar ack ()
This version is, in my benchmarks, twice as fast as the first version, which suggests that context-switching really is the expensive part of these algorithms. In fact, I started out with the first version in thi spost, but CHP's more featured and complex algorithms were coming out faster because I only ever block once. It was only when I improved the MVar version to the second one above that the results were as I expected.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Suppose that over an algebraically closed field $K$ of finite characteristic the numerical equivalence of cycles relation (for algebraic cycles of smooth projective varieties) coincides with the homological one (with respect to etale $\mathbb{Q}_l$-adic cohomology). Does the Hodge standard conjecture follow? Moreover, does it follow from the existence of a 'nice' motivic $t$-structure for Voevodsky's motives over $K$ (i.e. we assume that this $t$-structure'splits' Chow motives into 'numerical pieces', and that mixed motives have filtration 'by these pieces'). If the answer (even) to the second question is 'no', then why does one usually believe in the HSC?
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I would be surprised if the Hodge standard conjecture would follow from the others (which is not to say that it doesn't). This conjecture is true in char $0$ by Hodge theory. Perhaps that and a general sense of optimism, at the time, were sufficient, but I'm just speculating. – Donu Arapura Jan 23 '11 at 17:35
1 Answer 1
Somewhat relevant to your question: Milne has shown that the usual Hodge conjecture for complex abelian varieties of CM type implies the Hodge standard conjecture for all abelian varieties over the algebraic closure of any finite field. See Milne's paper
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The Tate conjecture for varieties over finite fields implies that the motives of abelian varieties generate all motives over finite fields. Thus the Hodge standard conjecture (over all fields) is implied by the Hodge conjecture for complex abelian varieties + the Tate conjecture for varieties over finite fields. That may, or may not, be reason for believing it. – mephisto Feb 21 '11 at 4:59
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Where is it?
Lundys Lane is an unincorporated area along Route 18 in Elk Creek Township, east of Albion and south of Cranesville.
What's the story?
The decisive Battle of Lake Erie -- famously led by Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry in 1813 during the War of 1812 -- is well-known throughout the region. But lesser-known is one of the bloodiest land battles of the war, waged on July 25, 1814, at Lundy's Lane (sometimes referred to as "Lundy" or "Lundys") in Ontario. It was during this battle near Niagara Falls, between the evenly matched British and American forces, that 1,731 soldiers were killed or wounded, according to online encyclopedia Brittanica.com.
It was this battle, too, that received a local tribute. A few decades after the clash -- in a part of Elk Creek Township that is nearly 140 miles by land from the battle site -- a new post office south of Cranesville was built to accommodate a growing population. Maj. James Fleming, a veteran of the War of 1812 and a local resident, is credited with naming that area Lundys Lane.
-- Lindsey Poisson


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text:
What do you think is Wordsworth's attitude toward death?
1 Answer | Add Yours
Wordsworth's poem is looking upon the ruins of a monastery that had been dissolved by Henry VIII centuries before Wordsworth's visit. It had been a monastery of the strict Cistercian order in a remote area, withdrawn from the world and close to nature. For Wordsworth, the religious sentiment, the love of nature, and the nostalgia for a more innocent past all surface together in this poem.
The important lines for his attititude towards death are:
... that blessed mood,
In which the burthen of the mystery,
In which the heavy and the weary weight
Of all this unintelligible world,
Is lightened:—that serene and blessed mood,
In which the affections gently lead us on,—
Until, the breath of this corporeal frame
And even the motion of our human blood
Almost suspended, we are laid asleep
In body, and become a living soul:
In this he portrays death almost in a Platonist sense as a blissful separation of the soul from the body and a dissolution into a nature in which the divine is immanent. His attitude towards death seems strongly religious, albeit not connected to dogmatic theology, but rather to a longing for a return of the soul to some form of union with the divine.
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What's That Weird Sound That Happens When I Open My Car Window?
You're driving down the highway and decide to let in a bit of fresh air. You roll down one of your windows, and suddenly it's like a freight train is running right next to your car. The overwhelming, rhythmic "thumping" sound feels like it's about to blow out your eardrums.
We've all experienced it. But what is it?
That's wind buffeting ‒ a loud and annoying phenomenon that happens when you roll down a lone window in your vehicle. But why does that happen, and what can you do to stop it?
Let's find out.
3 Facts About Wind Buffeting
1. It's Caused When Two Pockets of Air Crash Together
Get ready for some science. Wind buffeting is caused by an occurrence known as Helmholtz Resonance. In a nutshell, when you open just one window in your vehicle ‒ or the sunroof or moonroof ‒ the air inside your car thumps up against the faster-moving air outside the window.
When they clash, these two bodies of air compress and decompress over and over again. The result? Small wind vortexes that create that loud thumping sound.
These factors can affect wind buffeting:
- The size and shape of your vehicle: You'll hear louder thumping from newer, aerodynamic cars compared to older, boxy models. (More on that below.)
- Your driving speed: The faster you drive, the more noticeable and extreme the noise.
- Back vs. front windows: Wind buffeting is worse in back windows, since your front windows have side mirrors to help redirect the airflow.
2. It's More Common in Newer Vehicles
New cars are more aerodynamic than their older cars. That means their shape and design help them move through the air more easily, reducing overall drag.
Unlike older vehicles, they're also constructed to keep air sealed inside the vehicle rather than letting it escape ‒ or enter. It's great for fuel economy, among other things.
But with all that air closely hugging the exterior of newer vehicles, any kind of opening – like your backseat window – will interrupt that smoother airflow and cause that thumping sound.
See also: How to Get Better Gas Mileage (And Other Questions About Fuel Economy)
3. It's Pretty Easy to Fix
Want the thumping to go away? Just open another window to help stabilize the air pressure. Voilà!
If only all other car annoyances were so easy to solve (we're looking at you, flat tires).
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From the position of the steering wheel to your favorite station on the radio, your car is your safe haven on the road ‒ even with a little wind buffeting along the way. We want you to feel just as comfortable with your auto insurance coverage.
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Exactly what does it Indicate When You Name Your Baby Sugar Baby?
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"Sugar Baby" is one of the many names which has been given to the brand new genre of baby titles that are turning out to be popular in nation and the British isles. So what really does it indicate? Sugar baby is short for nice baby or sugar baby. This is a baby brand that _URL_ has been taken from the baby meals industry and is not related to the infant's health by any means. "Sugar" is simply name that sounds lovely.
What does it mean when somebody names their very own baby Sugar Baby? The meaning is pretty simple; the infant is going to be a small baby and the parents will attempt to keep the sugar absorption to a minimum mainly because that can actually cause medical problems. It is funny how that actually works because it actually is in the identity but the name is what is will make or break the baby. It is rather common to have child girl and have a child boy known as the same sugar babies sugar daddies thing, but in this case it might not be and so common.
"Sugar babies" because they are known to have been chosen seeing that the _URL_ favored brand of parents diagnosed with a family history of sugar gliders. The gliders are marsupials that are mostly from Sydney. They are primarily nocturnal in nature and in addition they primarily take in insects as their diet. They are small in size at about two pounds and the females are usually about ten pounds in pounds.
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Fine-Tune Your Teaching Language
Why small adjustments make a big difference
TaraMarie Perri is founder and director of Mind Body Dancer, a community of teachers and students dedicated to mind/body practices, education and research. One of Perri's projects examines how fine-tuning teaching language, according to guidelines from new studies in neuropsychology, can result in a deeper, more efficient learning experience for students. Here, she shares how these practices can be specifically applied to dance training.
"Don't lock your elbows."
I heard this correction over and over again as a student, but strangely, hyperextended elbows frustrated me well into my dance career. Jumps were another story, though. A coach once challenged me during a grand pas de chat to "try staying airborne until you absolutely have to come down." Afterward, taking flight in big jumps became a favorite challenge.
The first correction was given repeatedly over the years, yet the second was given just once. It turns out there's a big difference in how my brain translated the two directives, which made one approach more effective than the other.
Even seasoned teachers get discouraged when they repeat themselves week after week. Luckily, small adjustments to how they phrase corrections can help. Neuroscientists, psychologists and linguists, when studying how language affects movement, have discovered that how the brain "hears" and processes language directly impacts the body's initial responses. Our brains learn through symbols and images and are therefore wired to initiate movement only when hearing words focused on actions, directions in space or movement qualities. Dance students develop stronger brain-to-body memory (a more accurate term for muscle memory) when they receive corrections combining action-inspired words, focused imagery and positive messaging.
A Call to Action
In dance training, precise alignment and aesthetics are essential. Teachers can help students develop these qualities with more detailed direction. Take the classic request to "pull up." Students unconsciously respond to "pull up" with an automatic, muscular response in hopes of either gaining praise or avoiding further corrections. However, students won't gain core strength by temporarily responding to the teacher's command. This can only be developed by cultivating brain-to-body memory.
Mind Body Dancer teacher Cara Surico uses opposing forces to help cultivate brain-to-body memory with her students. "With every up there is a down, every push has a pull, every rise has a fall," she says. Instead of "pull up," try using creative language such as "imagine your head pushing the ceiling away as your feet press firmly down into the ground." This type of direction aids the flow of brain-to-body wiring, creating the muscular actions necessary for developing true core strength. Students will simultaneously stabilize alignment and stand taller on their own.
Not only is action language easier for the body to apply, it also imprints a hard-wired signal that dancers can access in the future. My teacher who coupled action language ("try staying airborne") with a goal ("until you absolutely have to come down")—instead of the standard "jump higher"—gave me a memorable "aha" moment. My jumping virtuosity immediately increased, and I could summon this brain-to-body wiring when taking flight in future choreography.
Limitations vs. Possibilities
Try using positive messaging—which MBD defines as "language of possibility"—instead of negative messaging, or "language of limitation." Positive messaging activates brain-to-body listening abilities and psychologically supports the student. However, students also store negative movement pathways, which delays their physical and artistic development.
As a student, I desperately wanted to change my stiff arms, but I continued to lock my elbows no matter how many times my teacher said not to. Research shows that when we preface a correction with the word "don't," the brain continues to send a signal to repeat the undesired action, forgetting the "don't" part completely.
It's easy to say, "don't do that" or "stop" because we know what we don't want to see. Try replacing negative commands with positive messaging such as "try" or "what if." When you ask for what you want, instead of what you don't, corrections lead to greater success.
Bodies "Hear" Differently
When creating new action language, anticipate that student responses vary—what works for one body may not translate clearly on another. Focused imagery and invitations to explore can encourage visible change in several bodies at once, because they allow students more freedom to discover corrections on their own. MBD instructor Liz Beres observes that "playful imagery draws students into a more curious way of working. This leads them out of certain physical and mental habits and into those 'aha' moments." Nature, shapes, textures or shared human experiences are great places to start when brainstorming ideas.
Students often respond with enthusiasm when teachers freshen up teaching language. Using imagery and action-inspired phrases takes practice, but ultimately it creates a more dynamic and creative classroom environment. DT
TaraMarie Perri is on faculty at the dance department at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.
Build Your Language Repertoire
Using the tips below, brainstorm a few new cues or corrections for your next class or rehearsal.
Mix and Match
Combine words of action, images and directions with qualities of movement.
Action: push, press, direct, send, reach, expand, lengthen
Image: water, light, weight, arrows
Direction: wall to wall, floor to ceiling, outward, inward
Quality: sharply, softly, heavily
Invite to Inspire
Try asking a question instead of giving commands and invite students to explore on their own. Try: "Why not…?", "Have you thought about…?" or "What if…?"
Limitation vs. Possibility
Decide if language is causing limitations or creating possibilities for students.
Tendency: "Don't crunch your toes."
Instead: "Send laser beams out from each toe."
Tendency: "Don't tuck."
Instead: "Lengthen your tailbone directly down past your inner heels into the floor."
Tendency: "Shoulders down."
Instead: "Find more space between your earlobes and your collarbones."
Trial and Error
Identify a new move or common alignment challenge for several students.
- Notice which cues are effective and add them to the language repertoire.
- If something does not work, adjust it slightly or try another way.
Photo by Sophie Kuller, courtesy of Mind Body Dancer


When you do something avidly, you do it with enthusiasm and interest. You'll listen avidly to your grandfather's stories if he makes them vivid and enthralling.
People who participate avidly in a club or group are seriously involved, and if you avidly follow college basketball, you're a huge fan and watch as many games as you can. Doing things avidly means really throwing yourself into the spirit of things. Avidly comes from its related adjective, avid, or "having enthusiasm for something," from the Latin avidus, "longing, desirous, or greedy," from the root avere, "to desire eagerly."
Definitions of avidly
 1. adverb
 in an avid manner
 "whatever the flavor or color of your local paper, do remember that these are read avidly for local information"
Word Family


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Tonight while working on a web site for a client I was generating a header image that needed to be a specific width to fill out the header properly. The font selected by the client had the letters smashed together so I needed to add some space between the letters. I am not much of a designer so I had to play around with Adobe Photoshop until I was able to find the correct settings which happened to be named kerning and tracking. Kerning is used for a single letter and Tracking is used for a group of letters. These options are located in the Photoshop Character palette and can be modified using the steps below.
Add More Space Between Text Characters In Adobe Photoshop:
In the below steps we will be using an example header image which is displayed below. This first example of the image shows the letters with a lot of blank space to the right of the text.
Example Header Image Used In Steps Below:
- Highlight Text: First click the Horizontal Type Tool in the left navigation menu within Photoshop as shown in the example image below. I personally refer to this tool as the Text Tool and it is the small icon with a T in the middle of it.
Once selected highlight all of the text where you want to add more space between the characters as shown in the below example image.
- Open Character Palette: Now with the text highlighted click on Window in the top navigation menu and select Character from the drop down menu as shown in the below example image.
Once Character is clicked on the Character palette will open as shown in the below example image.
- Modify Character Tracking: Now with the text in the image still highlighted you can modify the space between characters by changing the number in the Tracking field within the Character window as shown in the below example image. The Tracking adjustment has an A-V icon with a right to left arrow below out to the left of the number you can modify. In the example image below there is a -30 currently in the field.
In this example we are changing the -30 to 150 which will add a lot more space between the characters to fill out the entire width of the image as shown in the below example.
Once you have made the changes you can now save the image in the format necessary for you to use it. I would also suggest saving a backup copy as a PSD so you can modify it in the future. Below is the updated version of the example header image displayed before the steps above.
Example Header Image With More Space Between Characters:
As you can see there is a lot more space between characters and the width of the header is filled out.


text:
Local councils charge rates on all properties in their areas to raise funds to pay for the services and infrastructure they provide.
Councils spend money on a wide range of services and infrastructure, including:
- roads and bridges
- housing planning and development
- waste and recycling
- water and sewer drainage
- sport and recreation
- health and safety.
About 60% of council revenue comes rates. This is the only tax councils are allowed to raise.
Property values and rates
In South Australia, council rates are a form of property taxation and property values play an important part in determining how much each individual rate payer contributes.
As it is a system of taxation, the rates paid may not directly relate to the services used by each rate payer. An 'ad valorem' principle applies. This means that the higher the value of the property, the higher the amount to be paid in the form of rates.
A full explanation of how rates are determined can be found on the website of the Local Government Association of South Australia.
Fact sheets on council rates - Local Government Association of SA


Deena Larsen
Eastgate Systems, 1997-98
Samplers,"Nine vicious little hypertexts", by Deena Larsen is a surprising achievement in hypertext fiction. According to the Collins English Dictionary, a sampler is "a piece of cloth embroidered with various patterns, which is intended to show the skill of the person who made it", and Larsen certainly shows some skill in these nine intrincate art works who make up a genre on their own. According to the author, she wanted to find out what would happen if someone twisted the links and spaces of a hypertext into a formalized pattern.
"To find out, I took a lesson from quilting: if you want to experiment with patterns, make one square of each pattern and create a sampler quilt to juxtapose your results."
Each square shows a different non-linear way to organize a narrative. Different structures are made explicit by the Storyspace map that is not only a helpful tool for the reader (who can be sure of having visited all the spaces) but also conveys artistic meaning in itself, the patterns giving clues about the meanings that each story explores.
Larsen has successfully shown that hypertext is not about disorganizing but about reorganizing text in patterns that are not linear but do certainly make sense. I recommend that the reader take a look at the story map, and also pay attention to the "links" option. When the links window is displayed, the "Path" column tells us about another side of the story, sotto voce but knowing, wanting to be heard and overlooked at the same time. Of course, the "clicking Enter" option is always possible, but I would say it can't appreciate the careful weaving of this amazing quilt.
Each of the nine hypertexts deserves a separate review, and yet I don't want to say too much about them and spoil all the reader's fun.
Century Cross has a dedication:
"This is for Coyote who should learn to keep his promises"
The story gives the key to this statement, and in a way to the whole work, as it is a story about creation and about telling, drinking from the deep well of Indian myths (Hopi, Navajo and others). A government employee is faced with ancient traditions that force her to reconsider the meaning and reason for her own writing, to understand that telling stories saves us from the Nothing.
Caught out is the tale of a very young girl who breaks a hologram setup in a shop and wonders what they will do to her, how will they punish her for that. Will they close her up in such a box as the one she broke from where she can see the people looking at her and never get out again? She doesn't know, but she will fight. The narrator looks at the world with new eyes and a poetic mind who defies adult reasoning and its ugly voices.
Mystic Knot uses a biblical style to speak about religion and becoming oneself. The main character is not a human being but a traffic barrier, whose cyclical thoughts are interlocked with the thoughts of the men that come near it, specially with those from the man that decides to adore it. It has a very interesting hypertextual structure.
"His was the way of tracing. And retracing"
Crossed Ends tells us about a family that comes together for the celebration of the father's retirement. The four main characters are together in the same room, hearing the same words and looking at the same faces, but each one's thoughts wander away in totally different ways, so that we understand how really apart they are. We can also read what they think of themselves and of each other, more or less explicitly, and learn about the lack of communication to which people are condemned.
Firewheel is a story about "a foreigner in a small Japanese town at the turn of the millennium." The themes here are again isolation, this time because of the strange language, and what it means to be a foreigner. The style is also "Japanese", as few words carry much meaning and need calm thought to be understood.
Conventions shows the intertwined lives of two very different women: a catholic young girl who becomes a nun, and her Jewish school-friend who wants to be "a wanderer". Larsen contrasts the women's opposite longings for freedom and security, with voices that need each other and envy each other. They will meet after years of separation. Which form of life has been better?
Seed voices is a conversation between two characters who don't listen to each other. The woman (her text-spaces are green) is pregnant and tells the father (whose text-spaces are black) "too late to take care of it". The reader can listen to them together or separate, life's voice and selfishness' voice are not likely to meet.
Interlocked tells terrible stories from the past, stories of sex and punishment and fear. For the main character, memory is as real as the present, and everything keeps on happening not to let her rest. "Click here to hypnotize my memories", says the author, as if the reader could exorcize her dark thoughts.
"Anyone dumb enough to lead her life through a pack of assorted memories deserves whatever she gets."
Devil's claws is about responsibility and what happens when you forget about it. A family has a terrible legacy: two strange masks who have watched over the family for years, ready to destroy everything should responsibility be forgotten.
"These are the clauses the devil made us put into our wills, passing the mask's curse on through the centuries. You hold the story of the thirteenth generation."
Deena Larsen shows a mastery of very different styles through the nine short fictions and a remarkable ability to build characters and atmospheres, but the best of Samplers is the deep understanding of how to structure fiction, an understanding that she has chosen to make visible through the map views.
"you know about stories. They need patterns to breed."
It is really a master's lecture on how to write hypertext, curiously not exploiting a typical resource of hypertext fiction: disconcerting the reader losing her in a hidden structure. On the contrary, Samplers could be taken as an example for the writers of hypertext non-fiction. I think it is not so much a work about choosing as about understanding structures, teaching to see the deep relationship between a story and the way it is told. And it is not only literature about literature, the stories are quite worth reading...


text: D.M.L.T. DMLT is the application of laboratory techniques to find out the cause of disease. Clinical laboratory testing is regarded as one of the several important sources of clinical data essential for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease. A clinical laboratory medicine involves all aspects of medicines ranging from the field of biochemistry, microbiology, hematology, immunology, clinical microscopy, biophysics, cyto-genetics to iso-topology etc. The functional components of the clinical laboratory are: * Clinical Pathology * Hematology * Clinical Biochemistry * Clinical Microbiology and Serology * Blood Bank * Histology and Cytology The functions of clinical pathology laboratory is to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on body fluids such as blood (serum, plasma) urine, sputum, faces, cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), other body fluids, tissues and calculi.


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Text Area fields - Line breaks removed when appending to thread via business rule
Answer ID 8578 | Last Review Date 04/01/2021
Why are the line breaks removed from my text area fields when they are inserted into the incident thread via a business rule?
Text Area type Custom Fields, Appended via Business Rules
Oracle B2C Service, All supported versions
When the contents of a text area or text field custom field are appended to the incident thread using variables, the line breaks are removed.
This behavior is expected because the text area custom fields store data in plain text format. When a variable is applied to a thread entry, the content of the variable is inserted as plain text content in an HTML environment. This removes the line breaks in the text area field and inserts everything as a single string.
The only ways to insert the contents of a text area field and keep the line breaks is to manually insert the appropriate line breaks in a thread entry while the thread editor is in rich text mode or insert at each line break in the custom field or change the thread type to plain text.
Text area will show content in plain text format.


Michael Robinton > Net-Connection-Sniffer-0.36 > Net::Connection::Sniffer
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Module Version: 0.36 Source
Net::Connection::Sniffer -- gather stats on network connections
 use Net::Connection::Sniffer;
Net::Connection::Sniffer is a perl module to gather connection statistics by listening to ethernet traffic. Traffic is filtered using standard BPF notation as described in the tcpdump documentation and implemented using the standard pcap library to sniff packets on host network interfaces.
Create a directory with appropriate permissions for the pid file and the profile statistics dump file. Typical installation:
 mkdir -p /var/run/nc.sniffer
Edit the nc.sniffer.pl.sample file to change or set the following:
 my $config = {
 # specify the directory for the pid file for this daemon.
 # The directory must exist and have writable permissions.
 # [required]
 piddir => '/var/run/nc.sniffer',
 # specify the directory for the statistics file for this
 # daemon. The directory must exist and have writable
 # permissions
 # [required]
 sniffer => '/var/run/nc.sniffer',
 # BPF filter statement. See examples below.
 # [required]
 bpf =>'src host myhost.com and tcp port 80',
 # size of the portion of packet to capture, defaults
 # to the minimum size necessary to determine the
 # source and destination IP addresses and port numbers
 # [optional] ETH_head + IPV4_head + 4
 # snaplen => 38,
 # filter condition: payload must contain this string.
 # case insensitive match of the payload data to this string.
 # [optional]
 # match =>'somestring',
 # filter condition: payload must NOT contain this string.
 # case insensitive match of the payload data to this string.
 # [optional]
 # nomatch =>'some.other.string',
 # offset of the payload from the packet start
 # typically at least 60 for tcp, 44 for udp
 # [optional]... but [required] for'match', 'nomatch'
 # payload => 44,
 # UDP listen port to trigger a dump file
 # [optional]
 port => 10004,
 # HOST address on which to listen for dump request
 # may be one of a HOSTNAME, IP address, or
 # [optional] default == INADDR_LOOPBACK
 host => 'INADDR_LOOPBACK',
 # ALLOWED connecting host(s)
 # may be HOSTNAME or IP address
 # [optional] default
 allowed => ['',],
To generate a web report to STDOUT with or without a cache file, edit the nc.sniffer.cgi.sample file to change or set the configuration parameters. See Net::Connection::Sniffer::Report::web_report or the sample file for details.
 Usage:
 or
where an argument of "0" produces a report ordered by /24 by usage and an argument of "1" produces a report ordered by subdomain by usage.
REMOTE CONFIGURATION, multiple hosts ^
To configure the reporting function to retrieve statistics from multiple remote hosts (and localhost) do the following:
 1) read the config section of
 2) read the config section of
On the remote host(s), install nc.sniffer.dump.pl in an appropriate sandbox account and install an ssh certificate to permit access to the sandbox ssh executable as well as the directory from which to rsync the stats file on that host.
nc.sniffer.dump.pl should be installed mode 755 or as appropriate to be accessed remotely by the ssh -e function.
On the web host, configure nc.sniffer.coalesce.cgi and place the execution cgi string in your web page to produce the report
nc.sniffer.coalesce.cgi should be SUID to the web user, not root, so that the web engine can safely execute the script. The ssh certificate must be generated for the web user and go in the nobody:nogroup/.ssh directory (or equivalent web user directory).
 usage:
Launch the daemon with the command:
 nc.sniffer.pl start
 Syntax: nc.sniffer.pl start
 nc.sniffer.pl stop
 nc.sniffer.pl restart
 nc.sniffer.pl status
 nc.sniffer.pl dump
 nc.sniffer.pl config
 -d switch may be added to
 redirect output to STDERR
On most systems it will be necessary to wrap a shell script around nc.sniffer.pl if the path for perl is not in scope during boot.
 # shell script 'rc.nc.sniffer'
 /path/to/nc.sniffer.pl $*
A sample shell script is included in the distribution as rc.nc.sniffer
To run multiple copies of nc.sniffer for data collection on various ports or IP's at the same time, name them:
 start start daemon if not running, write pid file
 stop stop a running daemon
 restart do stop, then start
 status report if daemon running or not
 dump refresh/write statistics file
 config print configuration to STDOUT
The statistics information will be written to the file specified in the configuration upon receipt of a SIG USR1
 SIG TERM write stats file, terminate
 SIG HUP write stats file, start over
 SIG USR1 write statistics file
UDP listener -- statistics file dump ^
If the nc.sniffer daemon is configured for a UDP listen port, sending a message dump will produce the same result as SIG USR1. The daemon will respond OK timestamp, but this is NOT syncronized with the file dump and only indicates that the statistics file should not have a timestamp earlier that the epoch value returned. When either a dump or SIG USR1 is issued, you must check the ctime of the file to determine if it has been updated.
Net::Connection::Sniffer uses libpcap. The data collection is accomplished using a selectable capture device which is NOT SUPPORTED on Windows and some older BSD platforms. The next two paragraphs are from the pcap library and describe the platform limitations.
Some BPF...devices do not support select() or poll() (for example, regular network devices on FreeBSD 4.3 and 4.4, and Endace DAG devices)...
...On most versions of most BSDs (including Mac OS X), select() and poll() do not work correctly on BPF devices. While a BPF file descriptor will be returned...on most of those versions (the exceptions being FreeBSD 4.3 and 4.4), a simple select() or poll() will not return even after a... specified timeout expires......In FreeBSD 4.6 and later, select() and poll() work correctly on BPF devices...
BPF examples
The bpf entry in the configuration hash uses the standard language documented in detail in the tcpdump man(1) page. The bpf statement must contain at a minimum, 'host somename [or IP address]'. The host specification must be for a single unique IP address and be the first such specification if there are multiple src/dest host specifications in the statment.
Capture all traffic to/from a particular host:
 bpf => 'host particular.host.com',
Capture traffic to/from your mail server:
 bpf => 'host my.mx.com and tcp port 25',
Capture request traffic arriving at your DNS server:
 bpf => 'dst host my.dns.com and udp port 53',
Capture response traffic leaving your DNS server:
 bpf =>'src host my.dns.com and udp port 53',
Content MATCH/NOMATCH examples
The match and nomatch configuration entries can be used to further discriminate which packets to sniff. When the match entry is set, only packets which meet the BPF criteria AND have matching data within the packet capture buffer are selected for analysis. Conversely, when the nomatch entry is set, packets which meet the BPF criteria and match the nomatch string are unconditionally dropped. match and nomatch may both be set.
NOTE: that matches are made on a case insensitive basis.
Capture request traffic arriving at the DNS port with a query for somedomain.com. From RFC1035, we know that a datagram might need to use the domain names F.ISI.ARPA, FOO.F.ISI.ARPA, ARPA, and the root. Ignoring the other fields of the message, these domain names might be represented as:
 20 | decimal 1 | F |
 22 | decimal 3 | I |
 24 | S | I |
 26 | decimal 4 | A |
 28 | R | P |
 30 | A | 0 |
 40 | decmial 3 | F |
 42 | O | O |
 44 | 1 1| decimal 20 |
 64 | 1 1| decimal 26 |
 92 | decimal 0 | |
Our examples somedomain.com would be


text:
Last spring, the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department put on a wonderful program that reached out to two schools in the El Paso area. A total of 77 participants from Americas High school and their feeder school, Vista Del Sol, were involved in the very first "Celebrate Urban Birds!" event. The students arrived to Franklin Mountains State Park and spent the morning learning how to use the binoculars to identify birds, hiking, identifying bird calls, learning bird anatomy, and discussing the importance of citizen science!
Each high schooler was paired with a younger "buddy" for the day from the elementary school and served as a mentor. The high schoolers guided their buddies through a fun, hands-on activity that allowed the students to get creative back at the high school. They each received a planter to decorate and seeds to plant that would serve as food sources for birds and butterflies. The idea behind the activity was to teach about the importance of creating "green spaces" to provide habitats for birds and other wildlife in urban environments. The busy day ended with data collection as part of a citizen science activity, where students tallied the number of birds observed within a given area during a set time period.
Both the mentors and their buddies went home happy at the end of the day! One of the teachers, Neysa Hardin commented on the success of the event:
"Thank you to Cesar, Adrianna, and John at Franklin Mountains State Park. The students had an incredible day! My high school students said that this was one of their best experiences ever. Not only did they learn about our local urban birds, but they also enjoyed being mentors for the day! The elementary students told their librarian that they can't wait to visit the park again with their high school buddies. We look forward to partnering up again! Thank you a million times for this unique experience."
This tremendous event has had a great impact on both the participants and the surrounding community. Through this event, the students have been able to gain awareness and appreciation for birds and nature in their very own backyard. The high school students stepped up to their roles as mentors and really made an effort to be engaged and supportive throughout the activities. The relationships strengthened between the schools and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department have also been incredible! By holding activities in both the high school and state park, a bridge between the "wild" and the "urban" was formed, making connections between both habitats.
A huge thank you to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department for putting on a magnificent event!!


AMD's heterogeneous queuing aims to make CPU, GPU more equal partners
— 12:20 AM on October 22, 2013
Slowly but surely, details about AMD's Heterogeneous Systems Architecture are trickling out. In April, we learned about hUMA, which will allow the Kaveri APU's CPU and GPU components to access each others' memory. Today, we can tell you about hQ. Otherwise known as heterogeneous queuing, hQ defines how work is distributed to the processor's CPU and GPU.
The current queuing model allows applications to generate work for the CPU. The CPU can generate work for itself, too, and it does so efficiently. However, passing tasks to the GPU requires going through the OS, adding latency. The GPU is also a second-class citizen in this relationship; it can't generate work for itself or for the CPU.
Heterogeneous queuing aims to make the CPU and GPU equal partners. It allows both components to generate tasks for themselves and for each other. Work is packaged using a standard packet format that will be supported by all HSA-compatible hardware, so there's no need for software to use vendor-specific code. Applications can put packets directly into the task queues accessed by the hardware. Each application can have multiple task queues, and a virtualization layer allows HSA hardware to see all the queues.
AMD's current hQ implementation uses hardware-based scheduling to manage how the CPU and GPU access those queues. However, that approach may not be required by the final HSA specification. Although hQ is definitely part of the spec, AMD says the OS could get involved in switching the CPU and GPU between the various task queues.
At least initially, Windows will be the only operating system with hQ support. AMD is working with Linux providers, and it's also looking into supporting other operating systems.
View options
This discussion is now closed.


text:
Greenhouse Indicator: Winter GHG emissions up in Victoria and Queensland, down in NSW
- 02 September 2008
Greenhouse gas emissions from energy on Australia's east coast were 0.9 million tonnes or 0.9% higher this winter than last. In Victoria and Queensland emissions were up 0.7 and 0.9 million tonnes respectfully while in NSW emissions fell by 0.6 million tonnes.
"The largest proportion of this increase was coal-fired generators in Queensland, which produced an extra 0.4 million tonnes or almost 4 per cent more emissions than last winter," said Rupert Posner, Australian Director of The °Climate Group. "In Victoria emissions from coal-fired generators were up almost 3 per cent and in NSW they fell by more than 1 per cent."
Total electricity generation was 1 per cent higher but emissions increased at a slightly higher rate as less electricity was produced from hydro generators and therefore coal generators had to produce more.
"The good news is that electricity demand did not increase substantially, up just 1 per cent overall - with Queensland increasing by more than 2 per cent and Victoria and NSW increasing by less than 1 per cent.
"Over last few years we have seen electricity demand increase on average by around 2 per cent pa so the results for this winter are a step in the right direction.
"However, as we know we need to do far better than this and start to substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Total emissions from energy in NSW and Victoria are approximately 30 per cent above 1990 levels - the baseline used for the Kyoto targets (Australia has to meet 108 per cent of its 1990 levels by 2012) - and in Queensland they are a whopping 100 per cent higher, so we have a way to go.
"Cold weather generally does result in higher greenhouse gas emissions as we have our heaters running that bit harder and in the last few weeks of winter in particular, which have been much colder, demand and emissions were higher than the same time in 2007," said Posner.
Petrol prices seem to be having a mixed impact on use and therefore greenhouse gas emissions. This winter has seen emissions from petroleum products go down by around 4 per cent in NSW but they have gone up in Victoria and Queensland by 3.2 per cent and 2.3 per cent respectively.


text:
Endothelial cells (ECs) lining the inner lumen of blood vessels are continuously subjected to hemodynamic shear stress, which is known to modify EC morphology and biological activity. This paper describes a self-contained microcirculatory EC culture system that efficiently studies such effects of shear stress on EC alignment and elongation in vitro. The culture system is composed of elastomeric microfluidic cell shearing chambers interfaced with computer-controlled movement of piezoelectric pins on a refreshable Braille display. The flow rate is varied by design of channels that allow for movement of different volumes of fluid per variable-speed pump stroke. The integrated microfluidic valving and pumping system allowed primary EC seeding and differential shearing in multiple compartments to be performed on a single chip. The microfluidic flows caused ECs to align and elongate significantly in the direction of flow according to their exposed levels of shear stress. This microfluidic system overcomes the small flow rates and the inefficiencies of previously described microfluidic and macroscopic systems respectively to conveniently perform parallel studies of EC response to shear stress.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Analytical Chemistry


text:
Learning English using Blogs, Microblogs and other Web 2.0 Tools
Each participant will create his or her own blog and keep track of the blogs created by the other members in the course. They will write articles on their blogs where they discuss different collaborative projects and show their gained expertise in mind map creation and embedding multimedia. Interconnecting blogs will also provide an excellent opportunity to share good practice.
Primary and Secondary teachers of English
To participate in this course, user's ability to access and browse the Internet is required, as well as some familiarity with the Moodle interface.
On completion of this course students should:
- Realise the potential of using blogs in English language teaching
- Be familiar with the most popular collaborative projects
- Know about some software tools that can be useful for education blogs
- Have shared tools, resources and good practice through their blogs
- Blog creation
- FAVS to interconnect and display the blogs' content and vote and comment articles easily
- YouTube videos, pdfs, multimedia presentations, sound files to embed on blogs
- Articles about collaborative projects
- Strategies to find useful resources
- Development of classroom plans
Espiral's Moodle platform will be used to provide information about how to complete the modules, share concerns and work together. Participants will be able to create their blogs from the indications provided on it. The approach is eminently practical. The course consists of 4 modules:
- Creating and interconnecting blogs
- ICT tools to make your blog more interactive
- Articles and summaries on collaborative projects
- Designing activities for the English language classroom, based on relevant resources
Accreditation for the course
In order to obtain accreditation for the course, participants must complete at least one of the activities for each module and do a minimum of 80% of all the proposed activities. The blog of each of the learners will be globally evaluated at the end of the course, taking into account the votes and comments of other participants.


text:
Several coils of ribbon.
- The definition of a coil is something rounded into a spiral or a series of such spirals.
An example of a coil is a mattress spring.
- Coil means to wind around or gather into a circular form.
An example of coil is for a snake to wrap itself around a tree.
Origin of coilMiddle English coilen, to select, cull ; from Old French coillir, to gather, pick ; from Classical Latin colligere, to gather together: see collect
- to wind around and around
- to move in a winding course
- anything wound or gathered into a series of rings or a spiral
- such a series of rings or a spiral
- a single turn of a coiled figure
- a series of connected pipes in rows or coils
- a roll of postage stamps for use in a dispenser or vending machine; also, a stamp from such a roll
- Elec. a spiral or loop of wire or other conducting element used as an inductor, heating element, etc.
Origin of coilEarly Modern English ; from uncertain or unknown; perhaps
- a. A series of connected spirals or concentric rings formed by gathering or winding: a coil of rope; long coils of hair.b. An individual spiral or ring within such a series.
- A spiral pipe or series of spiral pipes, as in a radiator.
- Electricity a. A wound spiral of two or more turns of insulated wire, used to introduce inductance into a circuit.b. Any of various devices of which such a spiral is the major component.
- A roll of postage stamps prepared for use in a vending machine.
verbcoiled, coil·ing, coils
- To wind in concentric rings or spirals.
- To wind into a shape resembling a coil.
- To form concentric rings or spirals.
- To move in a spiral course: black smoke coiling up into the sky.
Origin of coilProbably from obsolete French coillir, to gather up, from Latin colligere; see collect1.
Origin of coilOrigin unknown.
(third-person singular simple present coils, present participle coiling, simple past and past participle coiled)
- To wind or reel e.g. a wire or rope into regular rings, often around a centerpiece.
- A simple transformer can be made by coiling two pieces of insulated copper wire around an iron heart.
- To wind into loops (roughly) around a common center.
- The sailor coiled the free end of the hawser on the pier.
- To wind cylindrically or spirally.
- to coil a rope when not in use
- The snake coiled itself before springing.
From Middle French coillir ("to gather, pluck, pick, cull") (French: cueillir), from Latin colligo ("to gather together"), past participle collectus, from com- ("together") + lego ("to gather"); compare legend.
- 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, p. 162:
- this great Savage desired also to see him. A great coyle there was to set him forward.
- 1704, Jonathan Swift, A Tale of a Tub:
- they continued so extremely fond of gold, that if Peter sent them abroad, though it were only upon a compliment, they would roar, and spit, and belch, and piss, and f—t, and snivel out fire, and keep a perpetual coil, till you flung them a bit of gold [...].


about 50%. To avoid device damage, aeration temperatures should be less than 140º F.
Pulse continuously from vacuum to atmospheric (approximately) pressure and back. This helps sweep EO from the chamber. The rate of pulsing will be limited by equipment capability. No pulses have been reported at times less than 15 minutes, time from atmospheric pressure to vacuum back to atmospheric pressure.
Aerate longer at vacuum than at atmospheric or higher pressures. At vacuum there is little to no air or water molecules to block and slow the rate of EO degassing from the medical device.
Using less gas to sterilize reduces the amount of EO to be degassed. But it doesn't reduce total cycle time. Using 25% less EO to sterilize reduces aeration time about 5 to 10%--a savings of one hour in aeration. But, to use 25% less EO, we must increase exposure time by one hour. Using less EO results in a net trade-off of zero in reducing total cycle time, one hour more exposure offset by one hour less aeration.
We validate shorter aeration times, so we know we can reduce aeration time safely without leaving higher EO residues on the medical devices. The validation occurs in the following manner. First, measure the residue left after aeration, using the current long cycle. We measure residue on a hard-to-aerate material, PVC tubing. Although PVC is not generally in re-usable devices, medical device manufacturers have found it to be one of the toughest of all device materials to aerate. PVC tubing is placed in the chamber at the same locations we use barrier packs to measure efficacy. Second, measure residues on the PVC tubing using shorter aeration times. Third, if the residue left after short cycle aeration is no more than the residue left after the current aeration, we have demonstrated that the short cycle did not leave a higher residue and worked as well as the current cycle. Note: Residues are measured by an outside laboratory that specializes in such procedures.
Some service companies now offer short cycle upgrades. Upgrade costs range from $5,000 to $20,000. The hospital must validate these service company cycles. One firm is developing new control systems and seeking an FDA 510K so that they may offer them to any US hospital. The hospital would not have to validate a 510K cycle. These systems are expected to cost $15,000 to $20,000 installed. For either type of upgrade, the hospital can save 25% on gas cost, can double the number of cycles run each day, or can start the sterilizer late in the afternoon, knowing that sterilized devices will be ready for early morning surgery.
21st Century Blend--Steriflo® Sterilant Gas
Oxyfume 2002 and Penn Gas 2 blends use HCFCs which have 0.02+ Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), a measure of a chemical's potential to deplete the stratospheric ozone that protects life on earth. The ODP is 2% of the ODP of 12-88 sterilant that was phased out in 1995. For this reason, under the Clean Air Act, hospitals may continue to use these materials in existing sterilizers until the year 2030 and may buy new sterilizers with these materials until the year 2015.
A new blend, with the brand name, Steriflo, has been developed. It has zero ODP and, under the Clean Air Act, may be used into the indefinite future with no expectation of a phase-out date. The new blend uses HFCs to control EO flammability.
The HFC blend offers other benefits over the current blends. It contains about 5% more ethylene oxide, so no matter what cycle the hospital uses, it can use about 5% less gas. In cycle studies with barrier packs, Steriflo sterilizes much faster than the current blends, meaning the operator can sterilize with less exposure time or in the same time with less gas, and Steriflo can be substituted in the same sterilizer with few equipment changes.
Steriflo provides the same benefits now available to the sterilizer operator. This sterilant gas offers:
 - Non-flammablity.
 - Highest available low-temperature SAL.
 - Compatibility with the most device and packaging materials.
 - Ability to sterilize most types of and largest size devices.
 - Usability in improved cycles.
 - Extended use of a sterilizing technology proven over the last 50 years.
Steriflo is now being validated in Europe and the US by medical device manufacturers and sterilizer makers. First conversions will begin in Canada and Europe. US use of the new blend will not start until it has been validated and is registered as a pesticide by the EPA. Expected date release for this product is 2001 to 2002.
Hospitals will continue to use EO sterilization because it sterilizes in a penetrating fashion. Hospitals will continue to use blend sterilizers because EO blend sterilizers have shown the good sterility assurance and high throughput. Improved cycles make the blend sterilizer both economic and flexible. The 21st Century Blend EO/HFC further enhances sterilizer performance while its zero ozone depleting properties make it a sterilant for the future. Most importantly, it is not subject to the 2030 phase-out date that affects the current blend sterilants.
Steve Conviser is the sterilant manager at Honeywell (Morristown, NJ).
For references, access the ICT Web site.
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Men who do housework get less sex
Kimberly Gillan
Thursday, January 31, 2013
Couples who stick to the "traditional" household chores for men and women enjoy more sex, according to a controversial new study.
Despite the modern man being encouraged to cook and clean and women taking to DIY, the study suggests that the role reversal could actually impact on sex life.
In the study, published in the February journal American Sociological Review, couples who followed traditional gender roles — like wives doing the cooking and cleaning while men stick to yard work and paying bills — reported greater sexual frequency.
"It seems that the gender identities husbands and wives express through the chores they do also help structure sexual behaviour," said co-author Julie Brines, associate professor of sociology at the University of Washington.
The researchers studied 4500 married couples who were surveyed between 1992 and 1994 –– the latest US data available about sexual frequency in married couples.
Wives who did more "female" tasks reported having sex 1.6 times more than couples where the husband did most of the cooking, washing and cleaning.
The researchers said their findings weren't related to husbands being sexually coercive, as the wives reported similar sex satisfaction, regardless of how much house work they did.
"Marriage today isn't what it was 30 or 40 years ago, but there are some things that remain important," Brines said. "Sex and housework are still key aspects of sharing a life, and both are related to marital satisfaction and how spouses express their gender identity."
Dr Lauren Rosewarne, a sex researcher from the University of Melbourne, told ninemsn we needn't revert to 1950s gender roles.
"I am somewhat skeptical of the study because they just looked at one factor that may contribute to why couples have or don't have sex, but in individual couples there is a number of reasons why they are having as much sex or as little sex as they are," she said.
"We don't know everything about these couples' sex lives, we just know data as related to amount of domestic work. Linking that directly to the amount of sex had, that makes me nervous."
Past studies have found the opposite –– that men who assist with household chores are more likely to be rewarded sexually by their wives.
"The idea of a man helping around the house and this idea of being an equal relationship and potentially less exploited … may make women want to have sex," Dr Rosewarne said.
Infrequent sex between couples has also been related to fatigue, so Rosewarne said it's possible the women studied did not have demanding careers.
"If you have time for housework you potentially don't have an incredibly demanding employed job," she said.
"When you look at studies of couples who don't have sex or have sex less, one of the reasons is often that they are tired. So potentially if you are not in a very demanding job, you may have more time freed up and more emotional resources."
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Ravi ShankarArticle Free Pass
Ravi Shankar, in full Ravindra Shankar Chowdhury (born April 7, 1920, Benares [now Varanasi], India—died December 11, 2012, San Diego, California, U.S.), Indian musician, player of the sitar, composer, and founder of the National Orchestra of India, who was influential in stimulating Western appreciation of Indian music.
Born into a Bengali Brahman (highest social class in Hindu tradition) family, Shankar spent most of his youth studying music and dance and touring extensively in India and Europe with his brother Uday's dance troupe. At age 18 Shankar gave up dancing, and for the next seven years he studied the sitar (a long-necked stringed instrument of the lute family) under the noted musician Ustad Allauddin Khan. After serving as music director of All-India Radio from 1948 until 1956, he began a series of European and American tours.
In the course of his long career, Shankar became the world's best-known exponent of Hindustani (North Indian) classical music, performing with India's most-distinguished percussionists and making dozens of successful recordings. Shankar composed the film scores for the Indian director Satyajit Ray's famous Apu trilogy (1955–59). In 1962 he founded the Kinnara School of Music in Bombay (now Mumbai) and then established a second Kinnara School in Los Angeles in 1967; he closed both schools some years later, however, having become disenchanted with institutional teaching.
Beginning in the 1960s, his concert performances with the American violinist Yehudi Menuhin and his association with George Harrison, lead guitarist of the then wildly popular British musical group the Beatles, helped bring Indian music to the attention of the West. Among the diverse musicians influenced by Shankar's compositional style were the jazz saxophonist John Coltrane and the composer Philip Glass, with whom Shankar collaborated on the album Passages (1990). Indeed, especially remarkable among Shankar's accomplishments is his equally expert participation in traditional Indian music and in Indian-influenced Western music. Most characteristic of the latter activity are his concerti for sitar and orchestra, particularly Raga-Mala ("Garland of Ragas"), first performed in 1981.
During his lifetime he won Grammy Awards for his album West Meets East (1966), with Menuhin; for The Concert for Bangladesh (1971), with Harrison; and for Full Circle (2001), a live recording of a performance at Carnegie Hall with his daughter Anoushka Shankar (born 1981). Shankar continued giving concerts into his 90s, frequently accompanied by Anoushka, who, like her father, specialized in blending Indian and Western traditions. Also a daughter of Shankar is multiple-Grammy-winning singer-songwriter Norah Jones (born 1979), who found her niche in an eclectic blend of jazz, pop, and country music.
Two months after his death, Shankar won a fourth Grammy Award, for an intimate collection of ragas titled The Living Room Sessions Part 1. Also at that time he was honoured with the Recording Academy's lifetime achievement award. In addition to his strictly musical undertakings, Shankar wrote two autobiographies, published 30 years apart: My Life, My Music (1969) and Raga Mala (1999).
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Footwear components both for uppers (vamps, quarters, linings, stiffeners, toe puffs etc.) and bottoms (soles, heels, insoles etc.). Ecological concerns and the importance of recycling. Selection of suitable materials and components based on their influence on the footwear style and characteristics, properties and manufacturability. Procedures and methods in chemical and mechanical processing of leather and non-leather materials.
footwear production elements
components of footwear
uppers and bottoms components for footwear
uppers and bottoms components
footwear uppers and bottoms components
footwear production parts
Skill reusability level
Relationships with occupations
Footwear components is an essential knowledge of the following occupations:
Footwear quality manager: Footwear quality managers implement, manage and promote the quality systems in the company, using adequate tools and methodologies based on national, international or company standards. They are in charge of establishing requirements and objectives, as well as preparing documents. They analyse complaints, and promote and coordinate corrective and preventive measures. They promote an effective internal and external communication and ensure the consumer's demands are met. They are responsible for the definition of instruments which monitor and control of the quality systems, namely internal or external auditing, and they participate in the internal auditing.
Footwear designer: Footwear designers perform fashion trends analysis, forecasting and market research, create footwear concepts and build collection lines by operating mood or concept boards, colour palettes, materials, drawings and sketches etc. They conduct the sampling process, make footwear prototypes and samples for presentations aimed to promoting the footwear concepts and collections. They identify the range of materials and components, define the design specifications by collaborating with the technical team and review the footwear samples, prototypes, and collections.
Bespoke footwear technician: Bespoke footwear technicians perform activities in small production environments (e.g. workshops) where footwear is typically custom-made. They design, prepare, cut and sew, assemble and finish custom made footwear.
Hand lasting operator: Hand lasting operators shape and secure linings and uppers over the last by hand. Hand lasting operators pull the forepart, the waist and the seat of the upper over the last using handtools with the aim of obtaining the final shape of the footwear model. They start by pulling the front part edges of the upper over the last, and pressing the waist and the seat. They then flatten the wiped edges and cut excess box toe and lining, and use stitching or cementing to fix the shape.
Footwear product developer: Footwear product developers provide interface between design and production. They engineer the footwear prototypes previously created by designers. They select, design or re-design lasts and footwear components, make patterns for uppers, linings and bottom components, and produce technical drawings for a various range of tools (e.g. cutting dies, mould, etc.). They also produce and evaluate footwear prototypes, grade and produce sizing samples, perform required tests for samples and confirm the customer's qualitative and pricing constraints.
Footwear factory warehouse operator: Footwear factory warehouse operators for footwear are in charge of storing the raw and subsidiaries materials, the working devices and the components for footwear production. They ensure that all the components necessary for the production of shoes are ready to use in the production chain by classifying and registering the purchased component, forecasting purchases and distributing them across different departments.
Orthopaedic footwear technician: Orthopaedic footwear technicians design footwear and make patterns, using manufacturing technology. They compensate and accommodate foot and ankle fitting problems, design and manufacture footwear and its orthopaedic components, including orthoses, insoles, soles and others.
Cutting machine operator: Cutting machine operators check leather, textiles, synthetic materials, dyes and footwear. They select areas of materials to be cut in terms of quality and stretch direction, take the decision of where and how to cut and programme and execute specific technology or machine. The equipment used for large surfaces of materials is frequently an automatic knife. Cutting machine operators position and handle leather or other materials. They adjust cutting machines, match footwear components and pieces, and check cut pieces against specifications and quality requirements.
Lasting machine operator: Lasting machine operators pull the forepart, the waist and the seat of the upper over the last using specific machines with the aim of obtaining the final shape of the footwear model. They start by placing the toe in the machine, stretching the edges of the upper over the last, and pressing the seat. They then flatten the wiped edges and cut excess box toe and lining, and use stitching or cementing to fix the shape.
Footwear production machine operator: Footwear production machine operators tend specific machines in the industrial production of footwear. They operate machinery for lasting, cutting, closing, and finishing footwear products. They also perform routine maintenance of the machinery.
Automated cutting machine operator: Automated cutting machine operators send files from the computer to the cutting machine, place the material to be cut, and they digitize and select the fault in the materials surface in order to perform the nesting of the parts, unless the machine makes it automatically. They give the order to the machine to cut, they also collect the cut pieces and does the final quality control analysis against specifications and quality requirements. They also monitor the status of the cutting machine working devices.
Footwear quality controller: Footwear quality controllers perform visual analysis of the aspects of footwear, raw material and components applying criteria previously defined and decide on rejections or acceptances. They analyse collected data, prepare reports and deliver them to quality management. They apply previously defined quality management tools aiming at the better achievement of the objectives stated in the quality policy. They participate in monitoring and control of the quality system and in the implementation of corrective and preventive measures.
Footwear CAD patternmaker: Footwear CAD patternmakers design, adjust and modify patterns for all kinds of footwear using CAD systems. They check laying variants using nesting modules of the CAD system and material consumption. Once the sample model has been approved for production, these professionals make series of patterns (grading) to produce a range of the same footwear model in different sizes.
Sole and heel operator: Sole and heel operators attach soles or heels to the footwear by stitching, cementing or nailing. They may work with several machines, for example for slipping the lasts, or for roughing, dusting or attaching heels. They also operate various machines both for stitched or cemented constructions.
Pre-stitching machine operator: Pre-stitching machine operators handle tools and equipment for splitting, skiving, folding, punching, crimping, placking, and marking the uppers to be stitched and, when needed, apply reinforcement strips in various pieces. They may also glue the pieces together before stitching them. Pre-stitching machine operators perform these tasks according to the instructions of the technical sheet.
Footwear production technician: Footwear production technicians perform a wide range of activities regarding footwear manufacturing. They are involved in all phases of the process including product engineering and different types of construction. They aim at maximising productivity and reducing production costs, assuring the functionality and quality of product and customer satisfaction.
Footwear production manager: Footwear production managers plan, distribute, and coordinate all necessary activities of the different footwear manufacturing phases ensuring the adherence to quality standards and production and productivity pre-defined goals.
Footwear stitching machine operator: Footwear stitching machine operators join the cut pieces of leather and other materials to produce the uppers. They use several tools and a wide range of machines such as flat bed, arm and one or two columns. They select threads and needles for the stitching machines, place pieces in the working area, and operate with the machine guiding parts under the needle. They follow seams, edges, markings or moving edges of parts against the guide. Finally, they cut excess thread or material from shoe parts using scissors or dyes.
Shoe and leather accessories specialised seller: Shoe and leather accessories specialised sellers sell footwear in specialised shops.
Footwear quality technician: Footwear quality technicians manage all the standards and techniques related to processes and products. They perform tasks using quality systems based on national and international standards. They analyse and interpret the results, prepare reports, advise on corrective measures, contribute to the achievement of requirements and objectives for the benefit of continuous improvement and customer satisfaction.
Footwear patternmaker: Footwear patternmakers design and cut patterns for all kinds of footwear using a variety of hand and simple machine tools. They check various nesting variants and perform material consumption estimation. Once the sample model has been approved for production, they produce series of patterns for range of footwear in different sizes.
Footwear assembly supervisor: Footwear assembly supervisors check and coordinate activities of operators in the lasting room. They are in charge of coordinating lasting room activity with the previous and following activities of the production chain. They examine uppers and soles to be lasted and give instructions to produce them. These supervisors are in charge of supplying the lasting room with uppers, lasts, shanks, counters and small handling tools, and they are also in charge of the quality control of the lasting.
Footwear production supervisor: Footwear production supervisors monitor and coordinate day-to-day production activities of a footwear manufacturing plant. They oversee quality control to ensure that the end product is in alignment with production specifications, and manage the footwear staff. The work also involves negotiations with suppliers as well as taking care of the production plan and production costs.
Footwear hand sewer: Footwear hand sewers join the cut pieces of leather and other materials using simple tools, such as needles, pliers and scissors to produce the uppers. Also, they perform hand stitches for decorative purposes or for assembling the uppers to soles in case of complete footwear.
Footwear finishing and packing operator: Footwear finishing and packing operators apply several techniques for assuring an appropriate final appearance of the packed pairs of footwear that are going to be sold. They perform according to the information received from their supervisor about the shoes that are going to