What are Atomic Swaps?
What are Atomic Swaps?
Atomic swaps, an innovation considered competent enough to transform modern-day trading systems, take cryptocurrency or token trading to a new level by eliminating the need for trade fees while conducting a transaction that is safe and secure. A smart contract technology powered by cryptography, atomic swap helps in conducting trade while ensuring that no party involved in the trade cheats or defaults.
Atomic swaps eliminate the need for a third party firm or escrow mediating the trade, hence saving the fees that are usually charged per trade. Atomic swaps are highly noted for the blow they have brought about for centralized exchanges. They are also known as cross chain atomic swaps for facilitating trading between different cryptocurrencies.
In more precise terms, atomic swaps allow one cryptocurrency to be traded for another, for example, some bitcoins in exchange of lite coins. This can be carried out in a safe and secure manner without the mediation of any third parties. Atomic swaps make use of Hash Time Lock Contracts (HTLC) to protect the transactions occurring through it.
Hash Time Lock Contracts
Hash time lock contract, the prime attribute of atomic swap is the one that imparts authenticity and integrity to the application. The well-constructed algorithm ensures that both the parties involved in the transaction hold their end of the bargain with integrity. The contract works on the basis of multi-signature transaction system where both the parties involved in the transaction are accountable for the successful closure of the swap process.
HTLC makes use of a cryptographic algorithm to ensure that the transfer or swap of cryptocurrency actually occurs only after both the parties involved have signed off. The time lock feature acts as an insurance policy, ensuring that the funds are returned to the respective parties in the event that the transaction is not completed within the specified timeframe.
The working of Atomic Swaps
Atomic swaps
Take in the scenario where A has 1 BTC but is in need of 50 LTC, while another person B has 50 LTC but is in need of 1 BTC. They arrange for a trade using atomic swaps. To initiate the transaction they open up payment channels for the transfer of funds to each other. Now, one of them should act as the instigator of the transaction and create a contract address.
Let's say, A is in urgent need of the LTC and hence acts as the instigator and opens a contract address. Now, this contract address functions like a safe for the tokens to be transacted. While making the address, A also deposits his BTC in them, along with a value or secret string that basically acts like a key. Now the cryptographic hash acts like the lock to the safe (contract address) and the secret value acts as the key.
The facilitation of the transaction begins when A sends the hash to B. After B receives the hash, he creates a contract address with it which is similar to the one created by A. While doing this, B deposits his part of transaction, which is the LTC, in the safe. The key of both the contract addresses created by A and B are the same. So, for A to retrieve the LTC A has to sign the transaction towards B's contract address and vice versa.
The signing of transaction takes place when A signs B's contract address with the key that was used to produce. When this is done, A can retrieve his funds and the key gets revealed to B, who can also do the same. This completes the transaction. The insurance policy included Atomic Swap's HTLC, holds the transaction for some time to ensure integrity. Also, if the procedures of transaction are not completed within a stipulated timeframe, the transaction gets automatically aborted and the funds are released back to the owner.
Types of Atomic Swaps
Atomic Swaps can be classified into two types depending on where the procedure takes place. They are as follows: –
On-chain atomic swaps – here the swapping process and transaction are executed on the blockchains of the respective crypto currency used. As of now, this type of atomic swap is only possible if both of the currencies makes use of the same hashing algorithm. They should also support and be compatible with HTLC.
Off-chain atomic swaps – off-chain atomic swaps occur off the blockchain, at secondary layers or nodes. At present these swaps are considered as an extension of Bitcoin Lightning Network.
The significance of Atomic Swaps
It is indisputable that the arrival of cryptocurrency, blockchain technology and so on have created quite a ripple in our financial market. However, they have not been able to percolate the market to the best of their capability. Centralized exchanges and trading are predominant than their decentralized counterparts, despite the security and other prime features they offer. Why?
One of the main reasons is the fear of getting cheated. Decentralized exchanges and cryptocurrency trading are notorious for their lack of regulatory norms and laws that govern them, unlike the centralized ones. Naturally, people feel reluctant to initiate the transaction in such a riskful environment.
Atomic swaps aim to eliminate this concern of the traders. It creates a better environment for trading that is free of risks, hacking attacks or fund misallocation. They also help in streamlining transactions according to the convenience of the parties involved in the transaction. Atomic swaps are also built with the capability of wallet integration which enables trading directly from web wallets, software, mobiles and so on.
If the recent responses are anything to go by, atomic swaps are expected to change the way an average trader goes about his business! It could bring about a high dose of efficiency, security and speed to decentralized exchanges. Off-chain atomic swaps with proper tweaks towards the right direction could help make trading exchanges automatic and not dependent on the blockchain processing times.
Further reading
Want to know more about atomic swaps? Here's a list of some extra reading material that might interest you
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How long does a compensation claim take?
Every claimant wants to settle their claim as quickly as possible and move on from their injury. But to get to the point where a compensation claim can be settled involves evidence, expert opinions and investigations from insurers. It also requires clear communication between insurers, specialist solicitors, claimants and occasionally the courts. All of this can take time.
Some claim types are known to settle more quickly than others. In cases where negligence is obviously clear, and a defendant insurer has no reasonable option other than to make an admission of liability, a claim will settle more quickly. Conversely, in a matter relating to a more complex claim where negligence isn't so easily obvious, a claimant solicitor will have to make a strong argument to succeed and achieve an admission of liability, and a claim will take longer to settle.
Claims that tend to settle more quickly
Claims often settle within a few months, when:
 - Liability against the party that caused an accident is clear and obvious
 - The claim relates to relatively minor injuries with full recovery
 - Claimants respond quickly to requests for information
 - Accident details have been properly reported and recorded
 - Injuries and losses are not in dispute
Claims that can take longer
As you would expect, there are many issues that can arise that are beyond our control and slow the claims process down. Furthermore, two seemingly similar claims may initially give the view that they will settle quickly – yet one could take six months and the other could take 18 months. Each claim does need to be looked at on its own merits and complexities, but common issues that can cause a slower claim timeframe include:
 - Complex claims, including severe and life changing injuries
 - Incomplete medical treatments meaning injury/recovery prognosis is not known
 - Split liability or denied liability claims
 - Claimant failure to respond quickly to solicitor queries
 - Inefficiency and slow work by other parties – for example, defendant insurers
 - Claims that have to go to court
In more serious and complex cases, where negligence is not obvious and evidence is not so clear cut, there can be denials of liability from a defendant insurer. This will lead to an unavoidable slowing of the claims process. At this point, a claimant solicitor will seek further instructions from a claimant to enable them to fight a denial of liability and seek expert opinion from a barrister in an effort to force an admission of liability.
In cases where a defendant has accepted responsibility, and will therefore make a compensation settlement offer to a claimant, they may dispute the value of a claim settlement or the losses incurred by a claimant, and request further evidence and medical assessments to support the claim. They could state a desire to take the matter to court for a judgement on the settlement, and such issues will definitely slow a claim down.
Insurer deadlines and legal protocols
It is the third party insurer's job to minimise any settlement they have to pay, and they aren't always good act acting quickly. Helpfully for claimants, there are legally-binding timeframes in place to prevent claims being dragged out longer than necessary. These 'Pre-Action Protocols' give a maximum time for defendant insurers to respond to claims and carry out their investigations. The times vary depending on the claim type involved.
At Direct2Compensation, we realise that much rests on the speedy action of our team and partners to minimise delays, that defendants are pressed to ensure that deadlines are met, and that the claim is regularly chased. We work tirelessly to ensure that claimants are kept informed and that their claim is settled fairly and quickly.
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 1. Tracy
 My question is how long does a company take or is there a time limit for investigation to finish?
 - Ian Morris
 Hi, I am a little unsure as to what you mean with your question – do you mean how long does a claim take or are there time limits in the claims process regarding how defendant insurers investigate claims and how long do they have to reply to a claim?
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blow away
blow 1
v. blew (blo͞o), blown (blōn), blow·ing, blows
a. To be in a state of motion. Used of the air or of wind.
b. To move along or be carried by the wind: Her hat blew away.
c. To move with or have strong winds: The storm blew all night.
a. To expel a current of air, as from the mouth or from a bellows.
b. To produce a sound by expelling a current of air, as in sounding a wind instrument or a whistle.
c. To breathe hard; pant.
d. To release air or gas suddenly; burst or explode: The tire blew when it hit the pothole.
e. To spout moist air from the blowhole. Used of a whale.
a. To fail or break down, as from being operated under extreme or improper conditions: The furnace blew during the cold snap.
b. To melt or otherwise become disabled. Used of a fuse.
a. Informal To move very fast in relation to something: The boy blew past the stands on his bike.
b. Slang To go away; depart: It's time to blow.
5. Informal To boast.
6. Vulgar Slang To be disgustingly disagreeable or offensive: This movie blows.
a. To cause to move by means of a current of air: The wind blew the boat out to sea.
b. To drive a current of air on, in, or through: blew my hair dry after I shampooed it.
c. To clear out or make free of obstruction by forcing air through: blew his nose all through allergy season.
d. To shape or form (glass, for example) by forcing air or gas through at the end of a pipe.
a. To expel (air) from the mouth.
b. To cause air or gas to be expelled suddenly from: We blew a tire when we drove over the rock.
3. Music
a. To cause (a wind instrument) to sound.
b. To sound: a bugle blowing taps.
a. To cause to be out of breath.
b. To allow (a winded horse) to regain its breath.
5. To demolish by the force of an explosion: An artillery shell blew our headquarters apart.
6. To lay or deposit eggs in. Used of certain insects.
a. To cause to fail or break down, as by operating at extreme or improper conditions: blew the engine on the last lap.
b. To cause (a fuse) to melt or become disabled.
8. Slang
a. To spend (money) freely and rashly. See Synonyms at waste.
b. To spend money freely on; treat: blew me to a sumptuous dinner.
a. Slang To spoil or lose through ineptitude: blew the audition; blew a three-goal lead. See Synonyms at botch.
b. To cause (a covert intelligence operation or operative) to be revealed and thereby jeopardized: a story in the press that blew their cover; an agent who was blown by the opposition.
a. Slang To depart (a place) in a great hurry: Let's blow this city no later than noon.
b. Baseball To throw (a pitch) so fast that a batter cannot swing fast enough to hit it: blew a fastball by the batter for the strikeout.
11. Vulgar Slang To perform fellatio on.
1. The act or an instance of blowing.
a. A blast of air or wind.
b. A storm.
3. Informal An act of bragging.
4. Slang Cocaine.
Phrasal Verbs:
blow away Slang
1. To kill by shooting, especially with a firearm.
2. To defeat decisively.
3. To affect intensely; overwhelm: That concert blew me away.
blow in Slang
To arrive, especially when unexpected.
blow off
1. To relieve or release (pressure); let off.
2. Slang To choose not to attend or accompany: They wanted us to come along, but we blew them off.
blow out
1. To extinguish or be extinguished by a gust of air: blow out a candle.
2. To fail, as an electrical apparatus.
3. To erupt in an uncontrolled manner. Used of a gas or oil well.
4. To defeat decisively, as in a sport.
blow over
To subside, wane, or pass over with little lasting effect: The storm blew over quickly. The scandal will soon blow over.
blow up
1. To come into being: A storm blew up.
2. To fill with air; inflate: blow up a tire.
3. To enlarge (a photographic image or print).
4. To explode: bombs blowing up.
5. To lose one's temper.
blow a fuse/gasket Slang
To explode with anger.
blow hot and cold
To change one's opinion often on a matter; vacillate.
blow off steam
To give vent to pent-up emotion.
blow (one's) cool Slang
To lose one's composure.
blow (one's) mind Slang
To affect with intense emotion, such as amazement, excitement, or shock.
blow (one's) top/stack Informal
To lose one's temper.
blow/break open
blow out of proportion
To make more of than is reasonable; exaggerate.
blow smoke
1. To speak deceptively.
2. To brag or exaggerate.
[Middle English blowen, from Old English blāwan; see bhlēin Indo-European roots.]
blow 2
1. A sudden hard stroke or hit, as with the fist or an object.
2. An unexpected shock or calamity.
3. An unexpected attack; an assault.
[Middle English blaw.]
blow 3
intr. & tr.v. blew (blo͞o), blown (blōn), blow·ing, blows
To bloom or cause to bloom.
1. A mass of blossoms: peach blow.
2. The state of blossoming: tulips in full blow.
[From Middle English blowen, to bloom, from Old English blōwan; see bhelin Indo-European roots.]
blow away
vb (tr, adverb)
1. to kill (someone) by shooting
2. to defeat decisively
w>blow away
vi (hat, paper etc)wegfliegen
vt sep
wegblasen; (breeze also)wegwehen
(inf: = kill) → abknallen (inf)
(inf: = defeat) → fertigmachen (inf), → in die Pfanne hauen (inf)
References in classic literature?
A successful whirl in the knight-errantry line -- now what is it when you blow away the nonsense and come down to the cold facts?
And then, if you please, with an eye gone and a piece of his face blow away, he came to the conclusion that the world wasn't such a bad place after all, and he lived happily ever afterwards.


- 2D3DPattern
 How can you turn a 2D drawing using pattern, line and color into a 3D piece of work like this? Watch the video and learn how!
 Notice that she uses black marker first! Here are some questions think about as you create your piece:
 - Why does she do that?
 - How come her colors don't smear?
 - What other kind of black marker should she use if she wanted to color the whole piece with marker?
 Remember, if you have an Artsonia account, please post your work there. If you don't have one, please email me and I'll set one up for you.
 Happy creating! Can't wait to see what you do!


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The baseline temperature in an electronic system is a very important parameter for thermal design and must be carefully considered. But the term ambient temperature has developed a lot of ambiguity in its usage as well as its value. System and component designers can greatly improve the accuracy of their thermal considerations by clearly communicating what the baseline temperature truly is for their implementation, and finding a way to estimate the temperatures at or close to the components of interest.
What is Ambient Temperature?
Thermal analysis is an essential part of nearly all electronic system designs these days. We have to make sure that the components do not heat up so much as to affect their functionality or make the system practically unusable. And for most of us, it's a delicate dance of environmental factors, system design, component power dissipation, and a range of usage conditions. We must establish some baseline temperature conditions, then figure out through modeling, calculations, rules of thumb, and ultimately measurements – how much will things heat up above that temperature.
So what if that baseline temperature and the assumptions around it could vary so wildly, that all the other calculations are rendered as noise, and the results of such a calculation could be off by 100 percent or more? In other words, what is ambient temperature?
The interesting thing is that while it is a very common term, there seem to be different assumptions on what "ambient temperature" really means. Here are some interpretations used by some of us day in and day out, as also illustrated in Figure 1:
- The temperature of the system, unaffected by the temperature rise of the system itself (either far enough away or before the system is turned on). The equivalent of a true thermal ground.
- The temperature of the air inside the system when it is running. Often measured far away from the component of interest so as not to be too much affected by it.
- The temperature of the air moving over a component.
- The temperature of the board or chassis of the system, which is considered to never rise above a certain maximum temperature.
- The temperature of the air (usually driven by fans) at the entry or exit of the system.
- The temperature of the room when a component or system is tested on the bench, on an evaluation module (EVM) or a real system board (with or without an enclosure).
- The temperature setting of the oven when a component or system is tested at high temperature (with or without an enclosure).
- The temperature to which a system is preheated for an operational test (of unspecified duration).
Figure 1: Eight potentially different ambient measurement points.
(Click on image to enlarge)
For example, an end system designer will probably use 2, 4, or 5, because this is the temperature they have experience with from previous systems and will ultimately be able to measure on the system in the field. While a system test engineer will probably use 6, 7, or 8, since they need to focus on the temperature they can control during testing. Alternatively, a component supplier will probably use 1 or 3, since these are conducive to component modeling and the component suppliers are generally not privy to the level of detail needed to consider the entire system effects.
There are two common misconceptions when using ambient temperature alone for calculations of component temperatures.
The first is that each component can be viewed in isolation. You simply go to the datasheet for the component of interest, get the theta-JA value (or maybe even a fancy table or curve or derating factor), drop in your ambient temperature and power dissipation, and there is your component temperature.
But this calculation assumes only one component on the board, and that it therefore has the entire board (or at least a 3x3 inch square of it, if using a JEDEC board) dedicated to cooling it. I've not seen many systems where this is the case. In reality the other components around that one will be heating it up and skewing that calculation.
The second is that the ambient in one system is equivalent to the ambient in another. Specifically, that the ambient in a JEDEC system, a one cubic foot box with only one component inside, is equivalent to the ambient in a real system such as a cell phone, base station, or even a car.
Looking at the comparison in Figure 2, it's pretty clear that this is not what real systems look like, and yet that is the implicit assumption when a JEDEC theta-JA (ΘJA) value is used to calculate component temperature rise above ambient. In fact, the very definition of theta-JA (JEDEC standard JESD51-2) states that the parameter is intended for comparison only!
Figure 2: System comparison.
(Click on image to enlarge)
If ambient temperature means different things to different people, and the basic calculation of component temperature rise above ambient temperature has some flaws in it, what is a system or component designer to do? Here are three suggestions.
First: agree on terms when working through the design stages. Don't accept a simple specification of (for example) 65°C ambient temperature or industrial temperature rating, but dig into such details as where is the baseline temperature measured, under what operation conditions, and for what period of time?
Second: find a way to get closer to the components than the ambient. This will make the estimates much more accurate, because of the implications of each system's uniqueness as well as the surrounding components. One good method is to use the board or case temperature as the reference specification, rather than ambient.
Third: take case temperature measurements on the actual system to confirm the analysis. A good way to bring these data earlier into the design cycle is to use measured data on similar systems (often a previous generation) to get an estimate and calibrate, and then simply consider the changes rather than doing thermal analysis of a new system from scratch.
So ultimately, what is ambient temperature? It is a commonly used term. It carries the risk of ambiguity because it is not clearly defined. It carries the risk of inaccuracy because it suggests that junction temperature calculations can be oversimplified. When carefully defined, it can help to start the conversation on thermal design. But, ultimately, it is probably not the best place to end the conversation because there are better options available.
Download a datasheet: "IC Package Thermal Metrics", Darvin Edwards, Texas Instruments, SPRA953A–June 2007: _URL_
About the Author
Matthew Romig currently serves as the Packaging Technology Productization Manager in the Analog organization at Texas Instruments, where he is responsible for packaging technology development and implementation for TI's broad range of Analog product lines and packaging technologies. He has developed specialties in thermal analysis, flip chip packaging, and power management packaging. He is also a member of TI's Group Technical Staff. Matt received his BSME from Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. He can be reached at _EMAIL_.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) has published findings from a new evaluation report of "Family Skills", a programme that aims to improve the literacy and language of children learning English as an additional language.
A total of 115 primary schools in England took part in a randomised controlled trial of Family Skills. Over the course of one term, parents of fourand five-year-olds were offered weekly sessions with family learning tutors. The 2.5 hour sessions focused on topics like reading to children, phonics, making the most of bilingualism, learning through play and understanding primary education in England. Families were encouraged to do learning activities at home with their children, and were also given opportunities to visit a local library and take a tour of their child's school.
The evaluation, conducted by the National Centre for Social Research, found that, overall, children of parents who were offered the Family Skills intervention did not make any more progress in literacy than children of parents who were not offered it (effect size = +0.01). However, the evaluation also suggests that children whose parents actually attended Family Skills sessions made greater progress in literacy than children whose parents did not. While the evaluators are cautious about this, it may indicate some potential if ways can be found to ensure more parents attend. The key challenge the evaluation highlighted is that some schools struggled to get parents to show up – only around one-third of eligible parents attended at least one session.
Source: Family Skills: evaluation report and executive summary (May 2018), Education Endowment Foundation

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Risk-based Authentication
Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is a new security feature (available as a separate add-on for Hosted Login v2) that protects against fraud and the risks associated with account takeover attacks by forcing users to conduct a secondary authentication to prove their identity if risk signals indicate a threat.
 - An Introduction to Risk-based Authentication. An introduction to Risk-based Authentication and why you might find this new feature useful. Includes information about the new acr_values parameter and the acr amd amr claims.
 - Client Reputation. An RBA module that uses a sophisticated risk-analysis engine to compute a set of "risk scores" for each IP address that tries to access your site. These scores can be used to initiate "step-up" authentication for users deemed to be high-risk (i.e., more likely to engage in web attacks).


text:
The Refugee Education Special Interest Group (SIG) is a group of people from the community, higher education, vocational education and school sectors who have an interest in supporting educational opportunities for students from refugee backgrounds.
- Create greater collaboration and networks between institutions, practitioners and providers to achieve better outcomes for students from refugee backgrounds
- Share 'best practice' initiatives, research, interventions, programs and support mechanisms across Australia
- Share information about pathways into higher education available to students from refugee backgrounds and other culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students
- Advocate with and on behalf of students from refugee backgrounds on issues that affect their ability to access, engage in and transition out of higher education
- Host quarterly teleconference meetings with representatives of the different stakeholder groups (universities, community organisations, students, schools, and Vocational Education and Training providers) across Australia (state/territory, metropolitan, regional/rural)
- Hold an annual face-to-face meeting (symposium or conference) to create new and strengthen or consolidate existing partnerships
- Hold symposia in different states and territories to share good practice, research findings and advocacy
The schedule of teleconferences is not yet updated.
This is a list of academic and other resources on supporting people from refugee backgrounds in further education. It is compiled on the free reference management software Zotero.


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Spell check of conservation
Spellweb is your one-stop resource for definitions, synonyms and correct spelling for English words, such as conservation. On this page you can see how to spell conservation. Also, for some words, you can find their definitions, list of synonyms, as well as list of common misspellings.
Correct spelling:
Act of keeping entire or unimpaired.
temperance (noun)
soberness, sober-mindedness, restraint, abstinence, self-denial, self-deprivation, austerity, frugality, asceticism, moderation, abnegation, sobriety, prudence, temperance.
preservation (noun)
safekeeping, protection, can, library, upkeep, freezing, mummification, preservation, refrigeration, quick-freeze, husbandry, asylum, economy, keeping, bottle, storage, keeping in trust, sustentation, conservancy, planned management, bank, archive, guarding, conserving, sanctuary, keeping in a safe state, environmentalism, embalming.
custody (noun)
reservation, maintenance, custody, retention, engagement, grasp.
Other synonyms:
catalytic converter, management, preservation, keep, saving, biodegradable, defense, carbon sink, husbandry, clean up, clean, the carbon cycle, biological control, self-defense, safe passage, security, conservancy, biohazard, self-preservation, preserving, care and feeding, carbon trading, carbon-neutral.
Examples of usage:
 1. One informant said that Chief would not permit it for reasons of conservation. Washakie - "Shoshone-Bannock Subsistence and Society", Robert F. Murphy Yolanda Murphy.
 2. Thereupon the President invited the governors of the states to Washington for a conference, at which conservation questions were thoroughly discussed. - "The United States Since The Civil War", Charles Ramsdell Lingley.
 3. declarations in favor of the integrity of the Chinese Empire and the conservation of open world trade therewith have been frank and positive. Japan's - "Complete State of the Union Addresses from 1790 to the Present", Various.
Common misspellings:
 1. conservations (24%)
 2. coservation (20%)
 3. concervation (8%)
 4. consevation (8%)
 5. conservatoin (8%)
 6. conservaton (6%)
 7. conervation (6%)
 8. consertation (4%)
 9. consersvation (4%)
 10. conseration (4%)
 11. conservaiton (4%)
 12. conservationinsurance (2%)
 13. consersation (2%)
Discover what are words like conservation. Discover what is a synonym for conservation. Discover what is another word for conservation. Discover what is an alternative word for conservation. Discover what are more words for conservation.


text:
Journal of the New Zealand Medical Association, 20-April-2012, Vol 125 No 1353
There has recently been public and media discourse comparing Finland with New Zealand (in both countries). This discussion was triggered by comments in the New Zealand Parliament, and has not always been well informed by facts. Nevertheless, country comparisons can provide learning opportunities and hence we continue the comparison in the domain of infectious diseases. This domain is a particularly relevant one for New Zealand, given evidence for increasing rates of serious infectious diseases in this county over time.1
Methods—We examined infectious diseases related data detailed on the World Health Organization (WHO) website for the two countries for the three most recent years available (2008–2010).2 This data source was selected as it contains an internationally agreed set of indicators and complete data from both countries.
Results and Discussion—The results indicate more favourable indicators for health service activities to control infectious diseases for Finland (4/6 indicators) vs. one being more favourable for New Zealand (Table 1). In terms of infectious disease burdens, the indicators also tended to favour Finland (8/17) compared to New Zealand (1/17) (Table 1). Furthermore, this comparison using WHO indicators ignores those infectious diseases for which New Zealand has particularly serious problems: skin infections,3 rheumatic fever,4 meningococcal disease,5 and campylobacteriosis.6
Many reasons for these differences in infectious diseases burden between Finland and New Zealand are plausible. There is the fact that Finland is wealthier, spends more per capita on health, and has more physicians per capita.2 Other reasons could relate to better levels of education in Finland (for all indicators7), lower levels of socioeconomic inequality (for all versions of the Gini index8), and probably better housing quality. Indeed, Finland has "good" housing conditions along with other long-standing northern EU member states.9 Nevertheless, comparisons with New Zealand on housing are difficult in the absence of systematic data gathering through a regular, comprehensive national housing survey.
As shown in Table 1, the lower levels of immunisation coverage are also likely to be relevant (though this is an area that the New Zealand Government is actively addressing as one of its six health priorities10). In addition, to the credit of Finland, the tabulated data do not convey that measles, mumps and rubella have all been regarded as eliminated in this country since the mid-1990s (albeit with occasional imported cases).11 Some other European countries may have also achieved measles elimination e.g., there were zero cases of measles in a total of eight such countries in 2010.12 Furthermore, Finland has introduced routine rotavirus vaccination for children13 (in 2009), while New Zealand has not.
In summary, the control of infectious diseases is clearly a domain where Finland leads New Zealand and where there is scope for New Zealand health sector leaders and politicians across the political spectrum to learn lessons from such countries.
Table 1. Comparison between Finland and New Zealand in infectious disease related health service activity and outcome measures (WHO data for 2010 unless otherwise indicated, bolded data shows the better result from a health perspective, except where this is not statistically significant)*
* Ignoring tropical infectious diseases e.g., malaria, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever.
** Better than NZ when considered as a crude annual population rate since Finland has a larger population (5.33 million vs 4.27 million for New Zealand in 2009).
Nick Wilson*, Philippa Howden-Chapman, Michael G Baker
Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington
* Email: _EMAIL_
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission Objectives
To contribute to the four science goals, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has the following science objectives:
1. Characterize the present climate of Mars and its physical mechanisms of seasonal and interannual climate change
2. Determine the nature of complex layered terrain on Mars and identify water-related landforms
3. Search for sites showing evidence of aqueous and/or hydrothermal activity
4. Identify and characterize sites with the highest potential for landed science and sample return by future Mars missions
5. Return scientific data from Mars landed craft during a relay phase
Science Instruments That Are Helping Meet These Objectives
Six instruments on board the 2005 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter are helping to achieve these objectives:
HiRISE Thumbnail Image
HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment)
CTX Thumbnail Image
CTX (Context Camera)
MARCI Thumbnail Image
MARCI (Mars Color Imager)
This weather camera monitors clouds and dust storms.
CRISM Thumbnail Image
CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars)
MCS Thumbnail Image
MCS (Mars Climate Sounder)
SHARAD Thumbnail Image
SHARAD (Shallow Radar)
This sounding radar probes beneath the Martian surface to see if water ice is present at depthsgreater than one meter (3.3 feet).


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The activity of advocacy is a fundamental part of public health and is seen as an integral part of the vision, mission and values of Southwestern Public Health.
Advocacy represents the strategies developed, actions taken and solutions proposed to influence decision-making on a particular cause/issue. The purpose of advocacy is to create positive change for people and their environments. Individuals, organizations, businesses and governments can all engage in advocacy activities.
We can advocate for things like:
- A living wage
- More safe, affordable housing
- A broader transportation network
- Development of local gardens and increased access to healthy food.
Here at SWPH, we advocate for our clients and the community to ensure they have access to the services they need. We are currently in the process of developing an advocacy framework for use at the health unit for local advocacy initiatives.
- Contributes to overall economic productivity.
- Reduces costs to the healthcare system.
- Increases efficiency and cost effectiveness between Government Ministries and departments.
- Addresses the social factors known to impact population health. Healthier people lose fewer days of work and contribute to overall economic productivity.
- Improves collaboration across all sectors.
- Creates opportunities for health and wellbeing especially for individuals and populations who are under-resourced.
The creation of healthy public policies creates positive effects on the health of all Canadians through new policies or policy change. From education to agriculture to transportation to recreation, the laws, policies, and funding priorities at all levels of government affect people's health.
See what issues you can support locally on SWPH's Healthy Public Policy page.
And for more information on creating healthy public policy visit the National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy
Let's Talk: Advocacy and Health Equity
From the National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health
Healthy Public Policy
Statement for Health in All Policies
From the World Health Organization
Recommendations for Political Leaders: Health in All Policies
From the Ontario Public Health Association


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Isn't it great when your most reliable toys (oops, we mean tools) get updated? COMSOL 4.3 was released on May 17, and already we have been collecting tricks & tips that we've found in this new version. We couldn't wait any longer to share with you…!
The 3 main tips we believe you should know right away are:
- Not too long ago for geometries built in COMSOL, only the finalized geometry could be imported, and individual steps could not be modified, but now there's more than one way to import. Now the geometry sequence can be imported, so that the individual steps of a geometry sequence can be modified one at a time giving more options on how to get to a solution. To import a geometric sequence from another mph file in your Model Builder window, right-click on your geometry node and select "Insert Sequence From File". Then, browse for the mph file that contains the geometric sequence that you'd like to add to your current mph file. The geometric sequence (as long as it is the same space dimension) will be added after the current feature node. This then allows you to modify one step in the sequence instead of being stuck with an entire geometry that needs to be changed.
- In order to reduce model size (which impacts analysis time and memory requirements), it can be useful to use custom meshing operations such as swept and mapped operations. These operations often require partitioning your domains in ways that are only needed for meshing purposes and result in complicating your geometry when it comes to applying physics and material properties. In v4.3, domains, faces, edges, and points can be "virtually" designated as "mesh control" features. This allows these features to be used for meshing purposes only and keeps the geometry simple for applying physics and material properties. This new functionality can be found under Geometry>Virtual Operations and is added after the Finalize node
- On the Study Step nodes, the new "Modify physics tree and variables" option allows the user to dynamically activate and disable physics settings during the solver sequence, enabling a more automated solution process for models that require multiple Study Steps. Common applications of this feature include many types of time-dependent problems that require a stationary solution to provide an initial condition. Any time-dependent physics settings can be automatically disabled or replaced during the stationary step, allowing the user to set up the entire sequence under a single Study node without manually enabling and disabling settings under the physics interface nodes.
We'll keep searching and discovering, and when we do, we'll hurry to share with you. In the meantime, if you run across something that really stands out, share it with us.


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From JDSupra, Steven Bernstein, John Polson, and J. Hagood Tighe report that the United States Department of Labor (DOL), Equal Opportunity Employment Commission (EEOC), and the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) announced plans to revise the joint employment rules. They write:
Joint employment took center stage yesterday during the release of the Fall Regulatory Agenda, as three separate federal agencies announced plans to move forward with revised joint employment rules in December. While the Department of Labor and the National Labor Relations Board had already released versions of their draft rules, it came as somewhat of a surprise to see the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission also announcing that it would weigh in on the topic before the end of 2019. With the uncertainty of an election year coming up in 2020, it appears that the agencies are kicking into overdrive in order to clarify joint employment standards as soon as possible.
Labor Board's Proposed Rule
Over a year ago, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) published a proposed rule that would fundamentally alter the definition of joint employment, making it more difficult for businesses to be held legally responsible for alleged labor and employment law violations by staffing companies, franchisees, and other related organizations. The rule would also limit the ability of employees from affiliated companies to join together to form unions.
The notice-and-comment period for the proposed rule expired in January 2019, and employers have been waiting patiently for the release of the final rule since then. In yesterday's brief announcement, the Board simply reminded the public that it is currently "engaging in rulemaking to establish the standard for determining joint-employer status under the National Labor Relations Act," and provided a December 2019 expected final date for release of the rule.
Under the proposed rule, an employer would be considered a joint employer of a separate employer's employees only if the two employers share or co-determine the employees' essential terms and conditions of employment, such as hiring, firing, discipline, supervision, and direction. As the Board states, a putative joint employer would have to possess and actually exercise substantial direct and immediate control over the employees' essential terms and conditions of employment in a manner that is not limited and routine.
If adopted, this would overturn the controversial Browning-Ferris decision from 2015, which eliminated the requirement that the entity actually exercise control in order to be found a joint employer. The current standard means that businesses need only retain the contractual right to control to be considered a joint employer—even if it has never exercised it. Further, indirect control (e.g., control through an intermediary) can be sufficient to find joint employment under the Browning-Ferris standard.
Labor Department's Wage And Hour Proposal
The U.S. Department of Labor (USDOL) joined the fray in April 2019 when it also proposed a rule to limit the scope of joint employment liability, this time for wage and hour matters. Like the NLRB's proposed rule, the notice-and-comment period for the USDOL's rule has already expired, and yesterday's announcement indicates that we can expect to see the final rule issued in December.
Under its proposal, the USDOL would examine whether a business is a "joint employer" — equally liable for liability under federal wage and hour laws — using a four-factor test, assessing whether the potential joint employer:
- hires or fires the employee;
- supervises and controls the employee's work schedule or conditions of employment;
- determines the employee's rate and method of payment; and
- maintains the employee's employment records.
Just as important as examining which factors would be examined under the proposed rule are those factors that would be ignored should the agency's proposal be adopted. The agency specifically articulated several aspects common to modern business arrangements that would not be factored into its joint employment consideration. Among those:
- Right to control: An employer's ability, power, or reserved contractual right to act with respect to the employee's terms and conditions of employment would not be relevant to that person's joint employer status. "Only actions taken with respect to the employee's terms and conditions of employment, rather than the theoretical ability to do so under a contract," would be relevant to joint employer status under the FLSA, the agency explained.
- Economic dependence: Whether an employee is economically dependent on the potential joint employer would also not be relevant. In fact, the agency identified certain factors that would be ignored under its analysis, including whether the employee is in a specialty job or a job otherwise requiring special skill, initiative, judgment, or foresight; has the opportunity for profit or loss based on their managerial skill; and invests in equipment or materials required for work or for the employment of helpers.
- Business models, practices, and arrangements: The agency notes that an entity's business model (such as a franchise relationship), business practices (such as allowing an employer to operate a store on the person's premises or participating in an association health or retirement plan), and certain business agreements (such as requiring an employer in a business contract to institute sexual harassment policies), do not make joint employer status more or less likely.
While these proposed new standards may sound like good news, some employers have concerns. First, the proposed regulations provide no guidance regarding the weight to be given to each of the four factors when applied to specific facts. For example, a minor factor such as "maintaining employment records" could carry the same weight as a major factor such as "direction of work."
Second, some commenters contend the mundane task of maintaining employment records does not belong in the analysis at all. Finally, the proposed regulations may also create uncertainty because they include broad catch-all language implying that agencies and courts may in their discretion rely on factors not included the four-factor test.
EEOC Jumps Into Picture
Joining the Labor Department and the Labor Board is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). There was no prior fanfare about a possible joint employment rule, so the announcement was somewhat unexpected. But the EEOC was without a permanent Chair until Janet Dhillon's confirmation in May 2019, and it now appears as if the Commission is making up for lost time by following in the footsteps of the USDOL and the NLRB.
The EEOC's brief announcement states that it wants to explain its "interpretation of when an entity qualifies as a joint employer" based on the definitions of the statutory terms "employee" and "employer" under federal civil rights laws. Specifically, the EEOC oversees enforcement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Equal Pay Act (EPA), the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), and portions of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the Rehabilitation Act, and the Genetics Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). "The proposed rule will clarify when an entity is covered under the federal EEO laws as a joint employer," the announcement states, "and consolidate the EEOC's position on the topic to regulatory locations that are easier for the public to find."
Read the full story atExpect A Trio Of Federal Joint Employment Rules In December | Fisher Phillips – JDSupra


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Welcome to Laurier Child Language and Math Lab!
In the Child Language and Math Lab at Wilfrid Laurier University, we focus on questions of language and mathematical development. For instance, how does a child learn to talk? How does language facilitate math learning? These are very intriguing questions, and children surely know a great deal about language before they actually talk to us. By observing how our young children listen and respond to language and math stimuli, they can tell us what they really know about language and mathematics. Please look around our website to learn more about what we do and how you can become involved.
LittleCounters TM at the Market: New early childhood education counting book!
Counting book using fingers, pictures, and number lines!
Child Language and Math Lab
Room 108 Northdale Campus
_PHONE_
See a map of Laurier
Directions from University Ave


Viva Arquitectura | Casa Mangle Community Center
Casa Mangle Community Center
Casa Mangle is a study project developed for Fundación Granito de Arena, for the community of Curia, located in the pacific coast between what are the last blue crab mangrove areas in Ecuador.
Mangrove ecosystems have been on constant decline through the change in land use and development and urban growth in coastlines. Mangrove deforestation not only affects in the number of species of flora and fauna that perish with the reduction of these ecosystems, such as the blue crab, shrimp and others, but it also affects coastal communities that rely on fishing and harvesting that can no longer continue with their traditional activities and cannot make ends meet. Furthermore, mangrove deforestation plays a huge role in the resilience of these coastal areas to increasing tide levels and storm surges, thus with the reduction of the mangroves, these defenses fail, leaving the communities more exposed to further impact due to climate change.
The purpose of Fundación Granito de Arena and VIVA was to provide the community with a space that would allow for the community to preserve their ecosystem, to learn about the species that rely on the mangroves for their survival and to make others aware of the impact that deforestation can have, and most of all, to engage youth and kids in a positive balance with the ocean through surf and other water activities as a way to preserve the mangroves. Casa Mangle was a community design case study of what can be achieved through architecture as a community catalyst and environmental tool. The project includes surf board storage area, recreational spaces such as decks and walkways for mangrove appreciation, a library area, and community gathering areas.
Curia, Guayas, Ecuador
Environmental Design, Research


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Life cycle assessment
James Stone, Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
This course will provide an introduction to life cycle assessment (LCA) modeling for students within various science and engineering degree programs at South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. LCA data and models are used to determine environmental impacts associated with materials, products and services.
University with graduate programs, primarily masters programs
This is a new course component (1/3 semester, remainder taught by another instructor) that will be taught for the first time this Fall term. This course serves as a technical elective for all engineering undergraduate and graduate students, and is required as part of a sustainable engineering minor program
Each week the course will focus on the framework and methodology of LCA, including background and application, goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, data sources, impacts assessment, and interpretation. The students will complete a term design project during the course where each week a component of the project will be due that addresses one of the LCA components above. Final presentations will be required where they present their overall findings to different audiences, such as the general public, policy makers, or industry.
After completing this course, students will be able to:
- Describe the principle components of an LCA model
- Determine the life cycle impacts of various goods and services
- Communicate the importance of life cycle impacts to the general public, policy makers, and industry.
Each student must complete a final project (oral and written components) that summarizes the life cycle impacts of a good or service of their choice. The project consists of goal and scope definition, comprehensive inventory analysis, impacts assessment, and results interpretation to a pre-selected audience. Students are encourages to select a project that is either relevant to their research area, or of personal interest.
A life cycle assessment provides a holistic view of the environmental impacts associated with a product or process from a "cradle to grave" perspective following international standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization, ISO (e.g., ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:2006). Mandates requiring LCA evaluations are becoming increasingly common within state governments and industries for the promotion of sustainability. LCA methodology has historically been developed to provide a comprehensive environmental evaluation of a product or system. The students will develop a LCA project and will be required to identify "triple bottom line" criteria from their findings that address economic, environment, and societal implications of their selected good or service. The course experience will be very helpful for the students as they enter their profession as most engineering employers are actively integrating or addressing sustainability mandates within their respective marketplace.
Students will be assessed on the basis of their weekly writing assignments (incremental progress on their LCA modeling; 50%), class participation (10%), and final project (30%), and quizzes (10%).


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At the College of Professional and Liberal Studies, an academic advisor's role is:
- to help you with the transition into college by monitoring your academic load, course selection and academic performance;
- to support you in initiating long range educational planning; and,
- to direct you to opportunities and resources that will enrich your education.
You are strongly encouraged to plan visits with an advisor during the first year for in-depth discussion about long term goals or other concerns. You are also required to meet each semester for an advising session before early registration at which time an advisor will focus on course selection and scheduling for the upcoming semester.
Preparing for Your Advising Session
Come to your session prepared with questions that you would like to discuss.
If you are meeting with an advisor to talk about requirements, do your homework first by reviewing information provided on the PLS Student Cumulative Record Sheet, the PLS Catalog, and class schedules.
If you need to talk with an advisor about academic difficulties, be prepared to identify and discuss obstacles. Have a tentative plan for addressing the identified obstacles and follow up on any recommendations that may be suggested.
If you are meeting with an advisor for course selection, bring a list of possible courses to your session.
If you wish to discuss an unofficial plan of work or change your major, bring a copy of your transcript to the session.
Planning ahead can make your time with an advisor more productive.
What You Can Expect of Advisors
- Assist you in discerning your educational goals, including discussion of choice of major.
- Understand University requirements, and effectively communicate them to you.
- Recommend class choices on a semester basis.
- Provide resources, referrals, and strategies for using available resources on campus.
- Listen carefully to your questions, concerns, and confusion.
- Assist you in understanding the purposes and goals of higher education.Be accessible to students during posted office hours, by telephone, email or web.
- Encourage and support you as you gain the skills and knowledge necessary for success.
- Monitor yiour progress and discuss concerns, including intervention during the current semester when necessary.
- Provide accurate information regarding requirements, policies and procedures.
What We Expect of Students
- Discern your educational goals and make an educational plan that includes courses and out-of-class activities.
- Know your curriculum requirements and track their progress towards graduation.
- Follow PLS academic policies, procedures (such as drop/add), and deadlines. (Note: University responsibility for making information available and advisor responsibility for answering questions accurately.)
- Use MySJU, the course catalog, and the Student Handbook effectively as information resources.
- Use advising sessions effectively, arriving on time, bringing needed materials such as a Student Cumulative Record Sheet, asking specific questions, and expecting your advisor to work within his/her defined roles.
- Check your SJU e-mail regularly (at least 2 to 3 times per week). This is the only e-mail account that the University will use to contact you.
- Be courteous and plan ahead (schedule appointments early and cancel or reschedule if necessary).
- Seek help when needed and use appropriate campus resources.
- Use MySJU and the PLS online course schedule to search for available courses, register and drop/add.


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Dynamo Spanish offers a variety of general Spanish classes at all levels, but we also offer several specialized language learning courses.
One of our specialty Spanish classes is Medical Spanish for Doctors and Nurses.
Who is Medical Spanish for Doctors and Nurses For?
Medical Spanish for Doctors and Nurses is for you if you are a:
- Hospital interpreter
- Medical student
- Paramedic or emergency medical technician (EMT)
Regardless of whether you work in a Spanish-speaking country or have frequent contact with those from Spanish-speaking areas, Dynamo Spanish's Medical Spanish course will help you learn Spanish and gain the skills you need to communicate effectively with your patients.
Spanish Learning with Dynamo Spanish
All of Dynamo Spanish's courses emphasize conversational practice, and Medical Spanish is no exception. Speaking is one of the hardest skills to master when learning a language, which is why Dynamo Spanish asks its students to begin practicing from the beginning.
During your conversational practice sessions, you and your teacher will work through grammatical concepts and learn the vocabulary you need to communicate successfully with you patients in medical settings.
You will also have ample practice listening to and comprehending Spanish as spoken by native speakers (all of Dynamo Spanish's teachers are native speakers).
What You Will Learn in Medical Spanish for Doctors and Nurses
In our Spanish lessons for doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals in the healthcare field, we will include basic concepts like greetings and other basic conversational topics to help you build rapport with your Spanish-speaking patients.
However, because these courses are specialized offerings, we will also:
- Learn medical vocabulary and terminology, including correct pronunciation and accent
- Cover cultural norms and concepts as applicable to the Spanish-speaking areas in which you will be working
- Practice the Spanish language skills you need to:
- Communicate with other healthcare workers
- Take a patient's history
- Conduct and ask questions during routine physical
- Explain prescriptions
- …and more!
Dynamo Spanish's courses are one-on-one offerings, which means that the content will be tailored to meet your needs and help you reach your goals. If there is specific content that you want to learn as a healthcare professional, be sure to let your teacher know so that they can schedule in the content when you are ready for it.


LWV20.011 Development of a circular sustainable culturing process for natural leather-like materials based on fungal mycelium (BO-57-001-026)
Project: EZproject
Project Details
A brief overview of the production of MYLO is shown in Figure 1. To optimize production of the increasing volumes for MYLO, further automation and (lower cost) substrates that are both sustainable and locally available are required. For implementation of the process abroad, also the use of local mushroom species will be important. Production of MYLO generates its own side streams. The spent substrate after harvest of MYFOAM® and side streams from the MYLO process are potentially valuable natural resources and finding applications would contribute to further circularity of the industry, as well as contribute to the chances of success of a vegan leather alternative (better economic viability) to replace more polluting textiles.
In this project we want to develop a roadmap to an economically scalable circular process to produce natural leather-like materials based on fungal mycelium, that is suitable for use of local available side streams as raw materials, and that valorizes and re-uses occurring side streams.
 1. Screen the ability of different fungi for the formation of MYFOAM® on various types of biobased side streams as substrates.
 2. Characterize the properties of MYFOAM® from different fungi grown on different substrates.
 3. Explore applications for the sustainable re-use of the spent substrate and MYLO side streams.
After 2 years, at the end of this feasibility study project, a route to a technically and economically viable process of MYLO based will be mapped. Then a follow-up development project will start. As the choices made will affect further research and development as well as the partners in a follow-up project the choice was made for a duration of 2 years in this project and then continue most likely with new partners in a development project.
Effective start/end date1/01/2131/03/23


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Catch Every Ray of Light: Keep sunlight at a 90° angle and concentrate the sun's rays onto the surface of your solar panel. The Solar Angle Guide gives you a way to maximize solar exposure.
Seriously Simple to Use: Clip to the edge of your solar panel. Next, align your solar panel to the sun's rays using the shadow. Once aligned, you're good to go.
Built to Last: The Solar Angle Guide will be on the front line when it comes to the sun's rays. Its UV resistant properties mean you'll be able to increase solar intake and shorten solar charging times for years to come.
Get Your Angles Right: Thanks to its transparent shell, you can line up the sun's shadow to the center of the Solar Angle Guide. This ensures you're perpendicular to the sun's strongest rays.
Solar Angle Guide: How to Use
1. Clip the guide to the edge of your solar panel.
2. Angle your solar panel so the sun is shining through the transparent shell of the guide.
3. Once the sun is shining through a transparent shell, adjust the angle of your solar panel until the shadow hits the middle of the guide.
4.Aim to get as close to the middle as possible. The closer the angle of sunlight to 90°, the higher solar intake and a shorter solar charging time you'll get.
Dimensions: 1.97*2.12*1.18 in /50*54*30mm
Weight: 0.06lb / 25g
Adding product to your cart
Please note the difference in voltage between the US and EU. If you are a Ukraine user we will redirect your to the EU site to continue shopping.
Since each region has specific voltage and plug requirements, we'll redirect you to your location.
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References in periodicals archive?
Crowder, 1976, "A Serial Position Effect in Recall of United States Presidents," Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 8, 275-278.
Analyzing position effects within reasoning items using the LLTM for structurally incomplete data.
Reducing the limb position effect in pattern recognition based myoelectric control using a high density electrode array.
There were the expected serial position effects (F (8,176) = 48.27, p <.0005) and a serial position x condition interaction (F(8, 176) = 2.45; p <.05) the source of which was the marginally superior performance in the suppression-only condition in the early serial positions.
(ii) The serial position effect simply reflects the rank order in which the items in the series are learned (which is different from their serial order of presentation).
Exploit the serial position effect and the laws of primacy and recency by putting your most meaningful list items in the first and last list positions.
It is also consistent with serial-order researchers' practice of holding the length of a series constant while examining position effect (e.g., McKinney, 1935; Blankenship and Whitely, 1941).
The position and task main effects were clearly significant; MANOVA with repeated measures; Rao's f-approximation; for the position effect: F(2, 23) = 8.56, p [less than].002; for the task effect: F(3, 22) = 6.40, p [less than].003; but neither the experience effect, F(1,24) = 0.30, p [greater than].5, nor any interaction were significant.
After a historical treatise on the field, the general attributes and telomeres and telomerases and the relation of telomere biology to human health are discussed in chapters on the telomerase ribonucleoprotein particle, telomerase biochemistry and biogenesis, telomerase and human cancer, modeling cancer and aging in the telomerase-deficient mouse, telomerase deficiency and human disease, telomerase-independent maintenance of mammalian telomeres, telomerase-independent telomere maintenance in yeas, meiotic telomeres, telomere position effect, and telomere structural biology.
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The number of newly diagnosed and high-risk individuals is in addition to the 11 percent of participants who previously had been diagnosed with diabetes, according to Charles Nordin, M.D., and colleagues of the Jacobi Medical Center, North Central Bronx Hospital and Albert Einstein School of Medicine. Their findings are published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
Nordin and colleagues measured levels of hemoglobin A1c, a protein related to blood sugar intolerance, in 539 people at 20 screening centers.
Hemoglobin A1c levels can also help doctors identify persons with cardiovascular disease risks like high blood pressure and high levels of LDL, or "bad" cholesterol.
"The inner city provides an ideal environment for such screening, because the number of patients at risk is high and the population density facilitates contact with large groups in such areas as street corners," Nordin explains. "Ultimately one can hope that such interactions will bring more people into care," he adds.
About 20 percent of participants without a previous diabetes diagnosis had hemoglobin levels that placed them in the at-risk range for the disease, while 3.4 percent of those screened had levels high enough to be considered diabetic, the researchers found.
People screened at shelters had significantly lower hemoglobin A1c levels (meaning they were at lower risk of developing diabetes) than those screened in other locations. Shelter occupants also tended to be younger than most participants.
"Hemoglobin A1c values for people in the South Bronx, which has a high poverty rate, were also higher than those in the North Bronx," Nordin says.
. Hemoglobin A1c levels are also more predictive of cardiovascular disease risks.


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Space Blaster Sound Effect Activity
Space Sound Maker (Pew Pew Blaster SFX)
Objective: You can make a sound effect generator that sounds like a space blaster! It is perfect for Star Wars Day, so gather up your materials and get started! Pew pew pew!
Difficulty Level: Easy (ages 8-14)/Medium (ages 6-8)
Download (PDF): Space Blaster Sound Effect Activity
- Large paper or plastic cup
Cut two lengths of string about 2 feet long, and tie them to either side of one end of the Slinky (one on each side of the same end).
Hold the Slinky by the strings and let it dangle, then stick the foam cup between two of the coils.
Lightly pull the Slinky back and let it go. The cup will amplify the sound and you can make great sound effects!
What happens if you use a different size of cup?
What happens if you put the cup at different places on the Slinky?
What's the Science?
When an object vibrates, it causes tiny air molecules to move. These tiny invisible particles bump into each other, traveling until they reach our ears. The outside part of our ear, called the pinna, is shaped so it funnels the air molecules down into the ear, where they bounce off the stretchy membrane we call the eardrum.
When the membrane bounces, it also vibrates, making the tiny bones in your inner ear vibrate as well. This helps send the vibrations into a curvy organ sort of shaped like a seashell, called the cochlea, where they are turned into electrical impulses that go to your brain, and we process them as sounds.
Not all sounds move at the same speed! When the end of the Slinky hit the floor, vibrations traveled back up it and were amplified, or made more powerful, by the cup. The cup is hollow and full of air, so when it is vibrated, there is a lot of space for the air molecules to move around in. We perceive this as the sound being louder.
Some of the vibrations moved slower than others. The slower vibrations make sounds that we perceive as being lower in pitch. Faster-moving soundwaves make sounds that we perceive as higher in pitch. The faster soundwaves get to our ears first, and then the slower soundwaves follow. We hear the higher-pitched blaster noise first, then the lower one.
Now, take the cup off your Slinky. Wrap the strings around your fingers and gently touch them to your ears. Let the Slinky fall to the ground again. What do you hear?
Star Wars Trivia:
Did you ever wonder who decided what a lightsaber sounds like?
Someone had to imagine it first, then think how to design that sound! Many of the sound effects in the Star Wars films were designed by Ben Burtt.
Some of the sounds Ben created as part of the Star Wars universe include R2D2's beeps, whistles, and chirps; lightsaber humming, blaster guns firing, Darth Vadar's mechanized breathing, and Ewokese, the language spoken by the fierce Endor natives.
Before the first Star Wars film (Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope) was released in 1977, most science fiction movies used electronic sounds for spaceships and futuristic technology. Ben decided that for Star Wars, he wanted to use "found sounds" to create effects.
He used the sound of a film projector motor blended with feedback from an old television to create the low hum that we hear when lightsabers are powered up. He hit a tense metal wire on a radio tower with a wrench to create the 'pew-pew!' sound of a blaster firing — that's the sound we are imitating here with the Slinky and cup.
Ben likes to put a sound effect he created, called "The Wilhelm scream," into his film projects. (If you have ever heard Goofy fall from something high in a Disney short, that yodeling yell is 'the Wilhelm scream'). Next time you are watching A New Hope, listen carefully and see if you can hear it!


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Night hunting with dual-use devices - possible uses of the thermal imaging camera
Thermal imaging devices are used to track down and observe wild populations in our forests and are therefore an ideal aid for the forester / hunter, etc.
The technology enables the game to be addressed better and without any doubt and thus enables it to be used properly in every situation.
Only wild boar may be hunted with it in order to prevent damage to farmland and the spread of African swine fever.
In contrast to the residual light amplification, we use a completely different technology that is absolutely independent of the time of day or night. It always works without additional light sources and makes thermal radiation visible. This makes it possible to reliably track down game at distances of over 1000 meters and then to address it clearly. No other technology offers such outstanding benefits for hunting.
Rain and fog are also no problem for good thermal imaging devices. While normal optics or residual light intensifiers have long been blind, observation and recognition is still possible with the thermal imaging camera.
Conditions / requirements
Thermal imaging technology works largely independently of the time of day and weather conditions. It is also increasingly used in fog and rain, when the hunter can no longer rely on his eyes alone when hunting. Especially in poor visibility despite daylight, thermal imaging technology offers advantages that no other target technology has to offer.


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Aromatherapy vs MRSA
Aromatherapy vs MRSA
Author: Maggie Tisserand
Publisher: Singing Dragon
ISBN: _PHONE_ / 978-_PHONE_
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. It is also called oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [Source: Wikipedia.]
Aromatherapy vs MRSA by Maggie Tisserand takes a very close look at MRSA and the ongoing risks and challenges in addressing these serious infections. She offers valuable research based information regarding essential oils that may play a noteworthy role in combating and protecting individuals from MRSA.
It's particularly recommended for those practicing or studying holistic aromatherapy and for those that are faced with addressing MRSA.
Aromatherapy vs MRSA includes references for her findings, resources and a detailed glossary.
Description From Back Cover:
Addressing the challenge of serious infection, especially MRSA, in hospitals, in the community and in animals, Maggie Tisserand focuses on the scientifically proven effects of antibacterial essential oils, and their usefulness in managing infection. She profiles the key essential oils - tea tree, manuka and thyme - covering everything from habitat, chemistry and commercial uses to the latest scientific research that proves their effectiveness against bacterial infection. She also includes information about other natural methods to help with their management and reduction of acute infection.
"Maggie Tisserand is an internationally recognized expert on the uses of essential oils with MRSA. Her comprehensive book offers vital information for health professionals worldwide and is an extraordinary resources for anyone suffering with MRSA. Maggie has successfully given us organised and practical information on how people can protect themselves against MRSA. The book is an accessible, in depth compendium of crucial information." - Andrea Butje, founder of aromahead Institute, _URL_, USA
Maggie Tisserand began investigating the effectiveness of using essential oils to combat multi-drug-resistant infections after using them to overcome serious chest infections picked up during her travels. This lead to her working with the MRSA support group and running a decolonising programme. Maggie was inspired by the results and continued her research in collaboration with university microbiologists. Maggie lives in Dorset, South West England, and has three children and three grandchildren.
Table of Contents of Aromatherapy vs MRSA
- Part One: MRSA
- 1. MRSA - World View
- 2. MRSA - Human Stories
- 3. MRSA in Animals
- 4. The Evolution of MRSA
- 5. Microbiology Explained
- Part Two: Antimicrobial Essential Oils
- 6. Tea Tree
- 7. Manuka
- 8. Thyme
- 9. Further Research with Essential Oils
- 10. Other Ways to Combat MRSA
- Part Three: Appendices
- Appendix I Facts and Figures
- Appendix II Reasons for Antibiotic Resistance
- Appendix III Risk Factors
- Appendix IV Before Going into Hospital
- Appendix V Essential Oils
- Appendix VI Wound Care
- Appendix VII Extra Reading
- Appendix VIII International Agencies
- Resources: Products
- Resources: Services and Support
- About the Author
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Council urges caution and consideration this Bonfire Night
Denbighshire County Council is urging people to take extra safety precautions this Bonfire Night if they are planning their own celebrations.
The coronavirus restrictions mean that the vast majority of public events will not be going ahead and many people may decide to set fireworks in their gardens or backyards instead.
For many, bonfire night attractions provide enjoyment to thousands of people, but the Council is also urging people to be aware of the potential impact on the misuse of fireworks on vulnerable people in communities, as well as animals.
Councillor Mark Young, Cabinet Lead Member for Planning, Public Protection and Safer Communities, said: "We want everyone to have a safe and enjoyable bonfire night, but to consider those people who may find fireworks distressing.
"That is why we are asking people if they intend to host your own private event to inform their neighbours in advance, so they can make arrangements for any pets or to be away from home to avoid being affected by large noise and lights.
"We would also encourage people using fireworks to follow the guidelines issued by the manufacturers, take the necessary precautions and avoid any accidents from happening. Following the firework code greatly reduces the risks of accidents".
Anyone that chooses to use fireworks in an anti-social and irresponsible manner could find themselves on the wrong side of the law.
Under fireworks regulations there is generally a curfew preventing people from letting off fireworks between 11pm and 7am but this is extended to midnight on November 5th and 1am on New Years' Eve, Chinese New Year and Diwali. Similarly, parents and youngsters are reminded it is illegal for children under 18 to buy or be in the possession of fireworks.
Fireworks are explosives and should be treated with great care and respect, here is our advice for anyone considering using fireworks this November:
 1. Only buy fireworks from reputable outlets and be wary of fireworks sold via social media
 2. Don't drink alcohol if setting off fireworks.
 3. Keep fireworks in a closed box.
 4. Follow the instructions on each firework.
 5. Light them at arm's length, using a taper.
 6. Stand well back.
 8. Never put fireworks in your pocket or throw them.
 9. Always supervise children around fireworks.
 10. Light sparklers one at a time and wear gloves.
 11. Never give sparklers to children under five.
 12. Keep pets indoors.
 13. Don't set off noisy fireworks late at night.


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Updated Trends: A recent report from the UK stated that lung cancer sufferers in the most deprived areas were more likely to die of the disease compared to those who live in other parts like Scotland. According to a report by the Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation, the people from deprived areas were almost twice likely to have lung cancer than someone living in the urban areas.
The study also showed that once people living in the deprived areas got the disease, they are more likely to die of the disease than those living in the better areas of the United Kingdom. In Scotland, lung cancer is considered as the major cancer killer. On an average, 11 people die of the disease every day and in total more than 4,000 die in a year.
On the other hand, reports have also shown the importance of the geographical significance estimated in a year's survival. It was found in Fife that one in four lung cancer patients are alive for a year after being diagnosed with the disease.
In Borders and Lothian, one in three people survive for at least a year after they are diagnosed. The NHS Border has the highest survival rate estimated in a year at 35.6%.


:
 "GLB-related stress is linked to both internalized homonegativity and HPA dysregulation. Thus, GLB young adults who experienced higher incidences of stressful interpersonal events regarding their sexual orientation also manifested adverse reactions to these stressors at both the psychological and physiological level"
 If we don't know what the stress events are we can't come to a conclusion about whether the internalised homonegativity (a much more useful word than homophobia) is something that is simply intrinsic to the homosexual condition OR something that only occurs when enforced externally.
 Make sense?
 - Yep. :)
 I agree that it needs follow-ups, with a variety of demographics and locations. I also agree that more biographic info would be useful. The important thing is that its methodology and core finding — IH correlates with measurable stress-indicators — are a solid basis for further research.
 Other, more generalized research into the effects of ostracism and negativity (i.e., Karen Bierman's 'Peer Rejection') is also applicable to my claim, in that the wellbeing of *anyone* is tied to social acceptance and affirmation.
 - IH correlates with measurable stress-indicators
 Meh. It correlates but not highly (we're talking the data in figs 2 and 3 here). r of 0.35 is nothing to shout home about. And the crunch is the actual models themselves which are statistically insignificant.
 We really need a larger sample. At the moment if anybody wanted to hang anything off this research but at the same time reject Jones and Yarhouse I'd want to ask them one or two probing questions about bias…
 - I accept the finding of Jones and Yarhouse, namely, that a minority of highly-motivated people reported a shift in their sexual orientation. I have no reason to doubt that their reports are sincere.
 That they felt it necessary to do seek that change is, to me, the issue worth focusing on. What factors lay behind it? Would they have sought change regardless of social and theological pressure? And so on.
 - Here's also a problem with the paper.
 What is particularly striking, and alarming, is that we observed these relations among physiological, psychological and social variables despite the fact that this group of GLB young adults reported fairly low levels of GLB-related stress. The participants in this study lived in a relatively tolerant and accepting urban environment, and had experienced relatively few incidences of victimization and other GLB-related stressful events in the preceding three months.
 Thus, the adverse impact of stressors on well-being does not appear to require over-whelming or constant barrages against a person. It would appear that even rather infrequent or constrained experiences of direct discrimination can hurt the mind and body.
 So what they're saying is that even when participants report little GLB-related stress, we still put the results down to GLB-related stress, even if there were only a few instances. Hmmmmmmm…….
 - The differences between male and female psych (if they exist at all, and whether they're more nurture than nature) are, I think, way too complex to go into here. Peter Ould's already posted about the issue: if you want to discuss it, why not head over there?
 Some people are sexually oriented towards their own gender, some towards the opposite gender. Whether this is "purely of the mind" (whatever that means, the mind is a function of the brain) is by the by. That's the situation, and I see no reason why society shouldn't affirm gay relationships. Reproduction will get along just fine regardless.
 - JB wrote: "Some people are sexually oriented towards their own gender, some towards the opposite gender. …. That's the situation, and I see no reason why society shouldn't affirm gay relationships."
 JB, I guess you would agree that society should not affirm sexual attractions and relationships that are problematic (I'm assuming that, though you see no problem with homosexual sex, you do see some forms of sexual attraction as inappropriate to act on).
 But I would dispute the equivalence you are drawing between homosexual attraction and the male-female attraction that nearly everyone experiences. The problem with this equivalence is the reduced functionality (physically, reproductively and sociologically) and the small number of case (1-2%). I wonder what causes homosexuality?
 ps To be clear: I do agree that each person has to be affirmed by society – not just those whose sexuality I (or you, or society) currently see as good. And, there are many forms of relationship that I think w should avoided, even though they do have good aspects.
 - Consent should be the primary consideration when it comes to affirmation. Factors like betrayal and harm are also relevant.
 Before we get to the evidence, the issue of authority should be addressed. If gay relationships are condemned out of a belief in biblical authority, then we have an ulterior motive at work, and harm and nature aren't the real issues.
 The really interesting question: how and why is a belief in biblical authority formed?
 - â€œThe problem with this equivalence is the reduced functionality (physically, reproductively and sociologically)…â€
 At least 95% of people, at the most parsimonious estimate, are heterosexual. Why, therefore, is the small reduction in reproductive functionality â€" only 1-2%, according to you â€" a problem? I donâ€™t see it. (And Iâ€™d guess that itâ€™s smaller than the reduction caused by heterosexual people not reproducing, for one reason or another.)
 What is meant by the reduced physical functionality? The fact that the sexual activity of a gay couple cannot, by the nature of their physiology, be the same as that of a straight couple? If so, why is that a problem? I donâ€™t see it.
 What is meant by the reduced sociological functionality? The fact that a small minority is, in this respect, different from the majority? If so, why is that a problem? I donâ€™t see it.
 â€œ…and the small number of case[s] (1-2%).â€
 Why is the small number of â€œcasesâ€ a problem? I donâ€™t see it.
 â€œSo I wonder what causes homosexuality?â€
 So do I. I also wonder what causes heterosexuality. Despite innumerable theories, ranging from the plausible to the screwball, we still donâ€™t know the answer to either question. There are countless other academic questions about all manner of things which remain as yet unanswered. That neednâ€™t stop us from calmly accepting that, no matter what the causes may be, most people are heterosexual, but a small minority are not, and from happily getting on with our lives and letting others do likewise.
 As for the matter of â€œequivalenceâ€, arguments about that are, for all practical purposes, a waste of time. The word means, literally, equality of value. It is perfectly possible to argue that a gay relationship has not, from a purely objective point of view, the same value as a straight one, since it cannot produce an important effect that the latter can, viz. procreation. But what of it? That does not stop a gay relationship from being perfectly legitimate and deserving of respect.
 2. "Second, where does the Pilling Report leave people like myself, who
 despite not being heterosexual have fashioned their lives to surrender
 to Godâ€™s will for human sexual functioning as outlined in Scripture? By
 suggesting that sexual relationships between two people of the same-sex
 can be affirmed, Pilling says to me and many others that we didnâ€™t need
 intents and purposes a slap in our face." Peter Ould
 This is obviously a personal remark I am about to make but it is in response to the paragraph I quote and which you have chosen to publicise on a widely-visited blog.
 Surely you married your wife because you love her in her own right for who she is, rather than as a 'second prize' because you sacrificed what you *really* wanted. Will Mrs.Ould get the heave-ho if the 'facilitated conversations' result in a change in Church policy?
 Laurence Cunnington
 - I think that Peter may have made the sacrifices of which he speaks before he discovered the rewarding relationship that became his marriage. But don't let that stop your impertinence.
 You're on an eternal roll now…aren't you?
 3. So, Pilling becomes the basis for authorising a public rite without liturgy or theological consensus:
 Para. 382: 'Anxiety about opening the way to celebrating relationships that do not conform to the churchâ€™s teaching penalizes those gay and lesbian Christians who steadfastly seek to live by that teaching in enduring and faithful relationships. And, in any event, the House of Bishops acknowledged, as long ago as 1991 in Issues in Human Sexuality, that gay and lesbian lay Christians might in good conscience decide to enter into sexually faithful monogamous relationships. Moreover, some form of celebration of civil partnerships in a church context is widely seen as a practice that would give a clear signal that gay and lesbian people are welcome in church.
 So, according to Pilling, to not afford vicars (with the approval of their PCCs) permission to lead celebrations of same-sex relationships is an unfair penalty. The reason it's declared unfair is that, apart from engaging in same-sex acts that contradict the


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Evidence for separate disease phenotypes in intestinal Crohn's disease.
Borley NR., Mortensen NJM., Chaudry MA., Mohammed S., Clarke T., Jewell DP.
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the hypothesis that separate phenotypes of Crohn's disease exist which display differing patterns of recurrence with a tendency to preservation of phenotype between serial operations. METHODS: Some 483 abdominal operations (278 patients) were identified from a prospectively compiled database. Patterns of recurrence (reoperation) were analysed by Kaplan-Meier plots and log rank tests according to disease phenotype (perforated, stenosed or ulcerated). Serial operations were analysed by agreement of phenotype and microscopic features of disease using kappa statistics and correlation coefficients. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in recurrence according to disease phenotype (median reoperation-free survival time 43.0, 50.2 and 47.9 months for perforated, stenosed and ulcerated types respectively; log rank chi(2) = 3.5, P = 0.18). There was poor agreement in phenotype between serial operations (kappa = 0.22 for first/second operation and kappa= 0.15 for second/third operation) and no significant correlation between pathological features was identified (r between -0.19 and 0.48). CONCLUSION: No evidence was found for the existence of separate disease phenotypes with differing natural histories or underlying pathological characteristics.


text:
Brian Lubars, Chenhao Tan
While artificial intelligence (AI) holds promise for addressing societal challenges, issues of exactly which tasks to automate and to what extent to do so remain understudied. We approach this problem of task delegability from a human-centered perspective by developing a framework on human perception of task delegation to AI. We consider four high-level factors that can contribute to a delegation decision: motivation, difficulty, risk, and trust. To obtain an empirical understanding of human preferences in different tasks, we build a dataset of 100 tasks from academic papers, popular media portrayal of AI, and everyday life, and administer a survey based on our proposed framework. We find little preference for full AI control and a strong preference for machine-in-the-loop designs, in which humans play the leading role. Among the four factors, trust is the most correlated with human preferences of optimal human-machine delegation. This framework represents a first step towards characterizing human preferences of AI automation across tasks. We hope this work encourages future efforts towards understanding such individual attitudes; our goal is to inform the public and the AI research community rather than dictating any direction in technology development.


text:
Map simulation of dogs' behaviour using population density of probabilistic model Online publication date: Mon, 15-Mar-2021
by Jirawat Jiwattanakul; Chawapat Youngjitikornkun; Worapan Kusakunniran; Anuwat Wiratsudakul; Weerapong Thanapongtharm; Kansuda Leelahapongsathon
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology (IJCAT), Vol. 65, No. 1, 2021
Abstract: This paper proposes a simulator to demonstrate dogs' behaviours considering individual and group habits, which is designed to be purposefully expandable for disease control. The proposed system is developed using Unity and Mapbox SDK. The normal distribution, kernel density method and probabilistic model are applied to simulate the movement behaviour, world interaction and behaviour rates, respectively. The simulation is validated on an area of Saibai, located in the north-western of Torres Strait islands, Australia. This reports a median tie-strength of 0.0106 which is slightly different from the value calculated from the GPS information of 0.0113. It thus contains the relative error of 6.19%. Then, the simulation is applied to three cities in Thailand. They are all reported with higher tie-strengths, when compared to Saibai. This is because of the significantly higher average numbers of dogs and group distances, with the larger connections between dogs and their communities.
Online publication date: Mon, 15-Mar-2021
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Enterprise Social Business Panel & More in HootSuite's _TAG_ Recap Pt. 2
By Connor Meakin | 3 years ago | No Comments
Enterprise Social Business Panel
Part two of HootSuite's Community Manager Appreciation Day recap covers enterprise social business and using social to engage your communities. If you missed part one, the Owls explored how you can go about Building Community around your brand, business or personal endeavour.
There were four great _TAG_ panels across a few different topics which cover the theme of social engagement quite nicely. From social business discussions with Jeremiah Owyang, to a slick media panel with Huffington Post and Mashable, the discussions provides valuable insight into social ROI and the evolution of social media in the mainstream media industry.
Let's take a gander at at the next four panels, shall we?
Social Business with the Community Roundtable
One of the key things we cover in this discussion is how social media can deliver a measurable ROI for your business. The panel also touches on the evolution of and what truly makes a social business, and how community plays a key role in the process.
 1. Jeremiah Owyang, Altimeter Group
 2. Ashley Brookes, HootSuite Enterprise
 3. Caty Kobe, GetSatisfaction
 4. Leanne Chase, The Community Roundtable
 5. Rachel Happe, The Community Roundtable
 6. Hillary Boucher, The Community Roundtable
 7. Cindy Meltzer, The Social Craft
 8. Chris Catania, Walgreens
 9. Dave Olson, HootSuite
 10. Laura Horak, HootSuite
 11. Connor Meakin, HootSuite
 1. How does employee training factor into transforming a business into a social business?
 2. How do you prove the value and make a business case for both social and community?
 3. What role does social media education play in the context of creating a social business?
 4. How do you overcome objections from higher ups?
 5. What are your favorite resources for social business news, trends and analysis?
_TAG_ Around the World
How different is the role of a community manager in Japan than in South Africa? This panel gives you a good insight into how location, culture and social status affect community management.
 1. Ileana Rossello, HootSuite
 2. Hiroyasu Ichikawa, Social Company
 3. Jose Albis, albis.co
 4. Nico Ibieta, PuntoCuro
 5. Jean Eves Lemesle, Doctissimo
 6. Kimberly McCabe, Sitecore
 7. Fred Felton, FalconCove
 8. Laura Horak, HootSuite
 1. What's the current state of community management in your region?
 2. What are the most crucial cultural differences which Community Managers face.
 3. Does socio-economic status and market development play a role in community building?
 4. Does the term 'community management' translate to your language?
 5. Does this job exist in all digital cultures around the world?
Where Social Meets Media
Mainstream media publications deal with tons of traffic and thus have to continuously moderate 'fires' in the form of comments, discussions, disagreements etc. Learn from the smart folks at Huffington Post, Mashable and others about the intersection of social and media.
 1. Meghan Peters, Mashable
 2. Mike Fraietta, formerly Newscorp
 3. Annemarie Dooling, The Huffington Post
 4. Dave Olson, HootSuite
 1. How do media social channels move beyond broadcast mode?
 2. What are the objectives of media outlets using social: getting traffic, interaction with articles or something else?
 3. How much control do you put around journalists to discuss their stories on social? Or do you want a top-down approach, sharing from your entity.
 4. In your organization, there's probably some old school journalists who question social – how do you get them on board? Or is it even worth the time?
 5. How do you optimize the delivery process of your content (time, language, context, etc)?
Forums and Moderation
When you're managing and moderating forums, you face unique issues in varying situations. Hear from leaders in e-moderation as they discuss the role of a moderator, the importance of moderators, workflow, legal issues and more.
 1. Patrick O'Keefe, iFroggy Networks
 2. Tia Fisher, eModeration
 3. Blaise Grimes-Viort, eModeration
 4. Ashley Cooksley, eModeration
 5. Wendy Christie, eModeration
 1. What is the role of the moderator (and where does it dovetail with the community manager)?
 2. What is the importance of moderation to the health of a community and the reputation of a brand?
 3. What does a moderator usually do? Describe the scope of the role?
 4. Describe the moderation workflow. How does legal factor in? How do you escalate?
 5. How do you protect child safety and wellbeing?
 6. What are the different types of moderation?
 7. What tools and filters are you using to moderate?
More to come
Part three of HootSuite's Community Manager Appreciation Day panel blitz delves into industry specific community management tactics. Watch the HootSuite blog for more info.
Which panel of these panels did you most enjoy? What makes a social business in your mind?
Let's continue the discussion in the comments!
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