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About the Norwegian Garnes name and the pronunciation:
Here in Norway we have at least two places called Garnes. They are not cities, but small places by the coastline. One close to the Bergen, and another close Ålesund. My family name origins from the latter. In Norwegian the name Garnes actually means something. "Gar" os "gard" means farm, and "nes" means headland. So it was as simple as a farm on some headland in the beginning. And since this is not so uncommon here, several places got the same name.
Now to the other spelling - "garnaas". This is actually another name, with another meaning and origin. "Garn" means "net", like in fishing net, but may also mean "yarn, thread, (knitting) wool, cotton (yarn)". "Aas" or "ås" means "hill" or "ridge", but may also mean "God" - the old norse gods that is.
There are around 4-5 places in Norway called "Garnaas" or "Garnås", and these are mainly located inland - not by the coast like the "garnes" farms. This may point in the direction of knitting wool and not fishing net, but this is only guessing. Maybe some norwegian called Garnaas can help?
The letter å (an a with a ring on top) is sometimes written as "aa", and I _think_ americans could say "aww" or "awe" to get the pronunciation correct.
426 norwegians are called Garnes 68 norwegians are called Garnås 43 norwegians are called Garnaas


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Hoelon, which did not provide commercially acceptable weed control Table 1. The herbicide injury symptoms on canarygrass were chlorotic leaves and stunted canarygrass plants followed by dead plants at later evaluations in the superior treatments. No herbicide injury symptoms were observed on the wheat at any of the evaluation dates. The poor control provided by Hoelon was probably due to the relatively large size of the canarygrass at the time of treatment (about 5 leaves per plant). The efficacy rating for the MPOST Puma treatment at 0.83 oz a.i./A on March 24th was significantly greater, 92% versus 70%, for the half of the plot in which COC was added to the spray mix Table 1 footnote 2. However, this increase in efficacy did not result in any detectable differences in the percent reduction of canarygrass inflorescences in the two halves of the plots. In general, there were no differences in efficacy between halves of the plots across MPOST treatments and only one efficacy rating was recorded per plot.
All of the herbicide treatments applied MPOST resulted in better weed control than similar treatments applied EPOST Table 1 probably because the canarygrass was not water stressed at the time of application in contrast to the conditions during the EPOST applications. The weed control provided by the MPOST applications remained fairly constant for the remainder of the season Table 1. The weed control estimates based on the number of canarygrass inflorescences in the plots reflected the degree of weed control observed earlier and for the Puma treatments the percent reductions in the number of inflorescences increased with increasing Puma rate Table 1. Similarly, wheat yield increased as the rate of Puma was increased and yields overall also reflected the degree of weed control observed earlier in the season. These data indicate that the combination of herbicide applications that killed or stunted emerged canarygrass and crop competition from the wheat that suppressed stunted and later emerging canarygrass was sufficient to protect crop yield. All of the MPOST treatments yields were greater than the EPOST treatment yields with the Puma treatments having almost double the yield of the corresponding EPOST treatments. The highest yielding Puma treatment was equivalent to 4150 lb/A compared to the Hoelon and control treatments which yielded the equivalent of 2753 and 1946 lb/A, respectively.
In conclusion, Puma is clearly a superior herbicide for canarygrass control in wheat compared to Hoelon. It is more active and controls larger canarygrass plants, up to six leaf plants that were beginning to tiller. This greater efficacy provides greater application flexibility. This study demonstrated that in dry planted wheat, the optimum application time for Puma is after the first post-planting irrigation and before canarygrass exceeds six leaves/plants. While Puma applications to larger canarygrass plants may still result in acceptable control, the wheat was rapidly growing, averaged nine leaves/plant, and was tillering at the time of the MPOST applications. This suggests that later applications might result in poorer control because the greater size of the wheat could cause poor herbicide coverage on the canarygrass. The maintenance of weed control following the MPOST applications suggests that even if earlier applications were made to non-water stressed canarygrass, the later application timing was superior because more canarygrass was emerged at the time of application. Thus, the first post-planting irrigations should be timed to allow Puma application to non-water stressed plants before the canarygrass exceeds six leaves/plant and the wheat exceeds about nine leaves/plant.
The data from the MPOST and EPOST applications of Hoelon indicate that for this herbicide there is a trade off between treating small, water stressed, canarygrass seedlings (2.2 leaves/plant) and non-water stress plants (5 leaves/plant). The yield data suggest that it is better to spray Hoelon on non-water stressed canarygrass that is too large at the time of application than to spray small seedlings that are water stressed. Canarygrass control could be substantially improved by irrigating dry planted wheat earlier after planting so that Hoelon could be sprayed on non-water stressed canarygrass that was still small (two to three leaves/plant).
This is a part of publication AZ1059:
"1998 Forage and Grain Agriculture Report," College of Agriculture, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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As people return to outdoor activities this spring, caution should be taken in areas of the country that are home to Loxosceles reclusa, also called the brown recluse spider. A new study from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that when patients present with acute anemia, but the cause is elusive, a brown recluse spider bite should be part of the differential diagnosis, at least in parts of the nation where the spider is regularly found.
In a recent issue of The Journal of Pediatrics, St. Jude hematologists reported on six previously healthy adolescents hospitalized for treatment of acute, symptomatic anemia. The illnesses were linked to red blood cell destruction known as hemolytic anemia that was eventually traced to brown recluse spider bites. All six patients fully recovered, but four needed blood transfusions and three spent time in the intensive care unit.
Only three of the six patients recalled recent spider bites, and Jenny McDade, D.O., an assistant member in the St. Jude Hematology department, said the other wounds were only found after head-to-toe skin checks. McDade, the study's lead author, said one bite was hidden by a bra strap and initially went unnoticed.
"The bite is often painless, and it is frequently missed," she said, which is one reason St. Jude investigators decided to review hospital records to gauge the scope of the problem.
Although most people bitten by brown recluse spiders do not seek medical attention, the researchers noted that the spiders' venom triggers a widespread reaction in about 30 percent of children. Although the exact mechanism is not completely understood, the most common systemic reaction is hemolytic anemia. Less commonly, kidney failure and clotting problems develop. Children seem to be more likely than adults to develop systemic complications, especially anemia. In rare cases, the researchers reported the bite has been linked to multi-organ failure and death.
Several times a year, St. Jude hematologists are consulted regarding patients who develop sudden, unexplained hemolytic anemia. This study focused on patients hospitalized for severe anemia who required hematology consultation during a one-year period at a general children's hospital near the St. Jude campus in Memphis, Tenn.
Determining the cause of acute anemia is important to ensure the appropriate treatment, McDade said. For example, steroids may be used to treat some types of anemia, but are unproven when the cause is a brown recluse bite. "In the United States, the standard of care for treatment of brown recluse bites is supportive care and treatment of the wound," she said.
McDade said most Americans should not worry about this spider, which carries a violin-shaped mark on its head and a preference for a quiet life lived in dry wood piles, under rocks or in corners of dark closets or attics. The spiders are found in parts of the Midwest and southern United States and are a regional problem. Although brown recluse spider bites are not a widespread cause of anemia, McDade said the diagnosis should be considered in patients with unexplained anemia who live in areas that brown recluse spiders regard as home (Newswise).

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Applying to college or getting your first job is a right of passage for most youth and young adults. LGBTQIA youth and young adults (and their families) have extra things to consider when making these big decisions. Below are some considerations, while this is not an exhaustive list, I hope you will find some helpful resources.
College Bound Youth
Considering what colleges to apply to and ultimately where you attend is a big decision, but factoring in which college is LGBTQIA inclusive, and has protection policies for LGBTQIA students could be the difference between success or failure for some youth. The Campus Pride Index, (, is a great starting place in sorting out which colleges could be a good match. Information regarding inclusivity, financial assistance options, and how to find LGBTQIA inclusive college fairs are among the information provided.
Other questions and things to consider during your college search:
 - Is housing provided based on identified gender, or is there an option for non-gender based housing
 - Are gender neutral restroom available, if needed
 - How does the school handle students wanting to use their preferred name
 - Are there LGBTQIA inclusive heath care options available
 - Are there clubs and organizations that are welcoming, and accepting
 - What are the campus safety efforts, is there crime data available
 - What mental health services are offered to students
 - How will I pay for or finance college, the HRC (Human Rights Campaign) has a LGBTQIA scholarship database: Here
College and University Staff operate under FERPA, Family Education Rights Privacy Act. FERPA protects your privacy. If you decide to disclose your sexual orientation or gender identity to a school staff, they cannot share that information unless:
 - The student or parent (for individuals under 18) has signed a release of information; for the purpose of post-secondary education students under 18 are not required to have information released to their parents once they have begun attending classes
 - A health or safety emergency, disclosure is needed to protect the health or safety of the student or another individual
 - A court order or subpoena
As Always, check with your school regarding your specific situation and to discuss how they implement FERPA policies.
Entering the Workforce
Whether you are seeking your first job, entering your chosen career, or searching for a new job or career path considering an employers inclusion policies and procedures is critical. There are currently no widespread employment protections for LGBTQIA individuals in the United States. Missouri does not include Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity in its non-discrimination policy, which can be found here: Missouri Labor ( Federally, the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) has ruled that Sexual orientation and gender identity fall under the umbrella of sex discrimination laws, meaning you are able to file a complaint with the EEOC for gender identity or sexual orientation based discrimination.
Starting the job search off by seeking out companies and corporations that are LGBTQIA inclusive can be a good way to go. A great starting point to understanding laws, and non-discrimination policies, is the Gen EQ guide put out by the Human Rights Campaign, click here for PDF.


Ceiling Cables
Here's How You Can Hide Wires in an Exposed Ceiling
You're thinking of building a house with an exposed ceiling or maybe you already live in one. Either way, you realized the wires on the ceiling aren't exactly pretty or safe to look at. So, you're trying to learn how to hide the wires in your exposed ceiling.
To hide wires in an exposed ceiling, you'll need creativity. You'll also need some knowledge of safety concealing the wires to ensure it won't eventually cause any accidents. One way to hide wires in an exposed ceiling is by pinning them in place and painting them the same color as your ceiling.
This article will talk about how you can hide wires in an exposed ceiling. It will also discuss the trend of exposed ceilings and the types of exposed ceilings.
Hiding Wires in an Exposed Ceiling
Exposed ceilings give your house a rustic look when done right, and it also saves you some money. Without needing to spend on materials and labor to cover your ceiling, you can use that money to hide the wires instead and buy other things to enhance your house.
However, you need to keep in mind that your wires need to follow safety precautions to ensure they won't cause any accidents even when hidden. This means your wires should not be bare or open. They also need to rest in places that won't get wet or constant exposure to the elements. If they receive constant elemental exposure, they will easily wear out, and you will need to replace them.
To hide wires in an exposed ceiling, the first thing you need to do is ensure that they are attached to the beams. You can do this by using electrical staples like Gardner Bender metal staples on Amazon. Once all the wires are secured, you can start to creatively hide them by painting them or using cord covers, wooden mounds, or decorative boxes.
You Can Paint the Wires on the Ceiling
If you're bothered by your ceiling wires poking out in an exposed ceiling, one option is to paint the wires. This boosts your house's aesthetics without consuming too much money or time. To do this, all you need to do is buy paint that matches your ceiling beam's color. This camouflages your wires and keeps a simple ceiling.
You may also paint the ceiling beams themselves if you can't find the shade that matches the beams. You can find paint in your local hardware store or on Amazon. An excellent paint find is Majic Paints, which can coat many surfaces. You'll notice that most people opt for a white painted ceiling or wooden-colored wires, but you may pick other colors from Majic Paints.
The advantage of painting your ceiling wires or even ceiling beams is that you can choose a uniform color for your ceiling or design it. However, some disadvantages include paint expense and labor fees if you hire someone to do it. There's also a chance that you won't like the outcome.
You Can Use Cord Covers for the Ceiling Wires
If you don't want to paint but still want an easy fix for your exposed ceiling wires, check out some cord covers. You can easily find them on Amazon, and among the general public's favorites are Cord Cover Raceway Kit, Paintable Cord Concealer, and Cordinate Fabric Cord Cover.
Cord Cover Raceway and Paintable Cord Concealer both come as white sets of cord covers. You can paint them however you want to match your decor, or you can keep them that way for an accented look on your ceiling beams if the beams aren't white. Meanwhile, Coordinate Fabric Cord Cover adds an aesthetic look to your house. You can choose to either make them camouflage themselves or have them stand out on their own.
If you choose the hard covers, you can place your wires within them by measuring the length you need and cutting the covers accordingly. Then, slide the cover open and simply place the wires inside the covers before sliding them closed again.
If you use the fabric cover, you'll have better flexibility, which may or may not benefit you, depending on your design idea. You can simply allow the fabric wire covers to hang on the ceiling beams, or you can pin them in place for better security and more organization.
Using cord covers can efficiently and cheaply cover up those exposed ceiling wires. You can easily replace the covers, too, when you get tired of their color or design and pick new ones. Best of all, you can customize the covers themselves to however you want them.
You Can Opt For Wooden Moldings to Hide the Wires
For a more classic look and better camouflaging, you can opt for wooden moldings to hide ceiling wires. You can find wooden moldings in hardware stores, or you can make them yourself. These moldings can act as ceiling beam borders, and no one would know they hide wires.
They're great alternatives if you don't want to use plastic or fabric covers. However, they can cost more than buying covers and require more work. You'll need to attach the wooden moldings to the ceiling beams, and that would take time and some hard work. You can't easily change the moldings, too, if you come across a point where you want to.
You Can Use Decorative Boxes for Grouped Wires
Decorative boxes work great in covering exposed ceiling wires in groups. You can create a standard square box that will match your ceiling beams, or you can purchase cover plates like Arlington Boxes or Garvin Hole Cover on Amazon. Grouped wires are perfect for ceiling fans and light wires, but you may find that they look good even in places without grouped wires.
When Did the Trend of Exposed Ceilings Start?
Houses with exposed ceilings existed and had been the trend until the 1800s when lumber mills started producing wooden structures by the bulk. By the 1950s, people covered ceilings. By this time, the trend of the exposed ceilings faded, and clean, hidden ceilings were the new ideal.
However, with plenty of options now, such as faux exposed ceilings or even exposing previously hidden ceilings, the trend of exposed ceilings restarted once more by the early 2000s. Two types of exposed ceilings exist: decorative exposed ceilings and actual exposed ceilings.
Actual exposed ceilings rely on the beams to support the house, and no other material covers the ceilings. Meanwhile, decorative ceilings are just as they're called: decorative. You'll find that these houses already possess a covered ceiling and simply have additional beams to make it look like an exposed ceiling.
Some people create the exposed ceiling look themselves, but it's not quite recommended since most people use heavy beams that may cause strain on their ceiling. Meanwhile, others use lighter materials like fiberglass or plastic, and some people contact engineers or architects for advice.
Final Thoughts
You can hide wires in an exposed ceiling by painting the wires or your ceiling beams or using plastic or fabric cord covers, wooden molds, or decorative boxes. However, make sure your wires are safely in place to avoid any accidents.
You can do this by pinning them in place, except when you're using fabric covers. You can get away with not pinning your wires in that case. Also, remember not to hesitate if you think you need help. Commencing on a do-it-yourself project is great, but ensuring your safety should remain your priority.
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To an employee, a performance evaluation/review is a big deal – after all, it only happens once or twice a year. To the manager responsible for reviewing large groups of direct reports, it can be easy to make mistakes that drastically impact the quality of the conversation and create unfortunate pitfalls in this important employee feedback process.
In our newest issue of Discover Doherty, an eMagazine created by Doherty Staffing Solutions, we've highlighted five common mistakes to avoid while conducting a performance evaluation, and some alternate ways to handle each situation. These performance pitfalls will be addressed:
1. How waiting until the annual evaluation to address issues can lead to misaligned expectations.
2. Why arriving to the review without backup could be a complete catastrophe.
3. How valuing personality over performance will get you in trouble, in more ways than you think.
4. Why asking filler questions about vague, big picture ideas aren't the best use of time.
5. How giving answers you may not be prepared to provide could create communication confusion on your team.
Complete the form below to download your FREE copy of Discover Doherty today! This issue includes the full article and more insights from our Employment Experts and industry partners.


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When patients have severe dysphagia after a stroke, tube feeding may be recommended to reduce the risks associated with malnutrition, dehydration, and/or aspiration. Patients may not be able to participate in decision making, but they may have previously expressed strong preferences related to tube feeding. Clinicians must work together with the family to establish a treatment plan that is respectful of the person's previous wishes, yet mindful of the flaws in advance care planning. Although ethical issues cannot be avoided, clinicians can reduce uncertainty by understanding current ethical and legal views on these challenging issues. Key words: advance directives, artificially administered nutrition and hydration, deglutition disorders, tube feeding
Seldom is a medical team able to give an exact prediction for a person's long-term recovery immediately after a stroke. Although prognostic uncertainty is common across many clinical conditions, the sudden change in cognitive and communication skills associated with stroke presents some particular challenges for families and health care professionals. Difficult philosophical questions arise after an acute change in health status, for example, is the person after the stroke the "same person" with the same values and beliefs as they expressed previously. (1,2) It is exceptionally difficult to predict how a person will respond to newly acquired impairments or to determine whether or how that person will adjust to residual limitations months or years after the stroke. Even when individuals demonstrate a similar functional outcome, they may perceive the relative importance of these limits quite differently. For example, some patients who cannot eat orally after treatment for head and neck cancer rate eating by mouth as the most important thing to them, whereas others report that eating is not at all important. (3) Similarly, "objective" measures of severity do not necessarily correlate with patients' perceptions of severity. (4) Clinicians' estimates of physical or cognitive outcomes cannot begin to predict how the individual will perceive these abilities as recovery progresses. Previous studies demonstrate that clinicians consistently underestimate quality of life relative to the ratings obtained directly from affected individuals. (5-7)
In addition to prognostic uncertainty, families struggle with a sudden change in responsibility for decision making on behalf of a previously independent adult. Although it appears that decision making is easier when patients have expressed their preferences clearly, either verbally or in writing, the team and family must still interpret these preferences in light of a sudden change in the person's health state. Surrogate decision makers must consider whether the person's preferences from years ago should still apply and whether preferences to forgo specific medical technologies include the temporary use of these technologies to treat potentially reversible conditions.
Ethical Questions Related to Dysphagia
Swallowing impairment is a common after-effect of stroke. Although reported rates of dysphagia vary according to the diagnostic technique used, instrumental assessment reveals that between 64% and 78% of patients have problems with swallowing after stroke, (8,9) Dysphagia elevates the risk of developing complications such as pneumonia. (8,9) Dysphagia ranges from mild changes in coordination of swallowing function to an inability to sustain nutrition, hydration, or pulmonary health. When dysphagia is severe, recommendations to use alternative nutritional support are made to prevent complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, or aspiration pneumonia. (10) The use of alternative nutritional support is often temporary, and the majority of patients with dysphagia after stroke recover the ability to eat orally. (10)
Even temporary suspension of eating may lead patients and families to grieve the loss of eating, which is a source of pleasure and serves an important social role. Some patients consider food and water basic human needs that should never be withheld, while others hold strong preferences not to be "hooked to a machine to eat." When patients express a preference not to accept tube feeding, this decision sometimes poses a fundamental conflict with clinicians' goals to optimize the patient's recovery. If a patient elects to forgo any feeding or decides to continue to eat orally, despite a significant risk of complications, health care professionals are likely to express concern that the patient will get sick or weak or die. The clear link between dysphagia and the potential for serious complications or death can produce intensely emotional responses among team members and the patient's family.
Although the difficult questions associated with sudden changes in health status and the seriousness of determining whether to proceed with artificially administered nutrition and hydration cannot be avoided, clinicians can reduce uncertainty by understanding current ethical and legal views on these …


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Let's go back and consider a linear map. Remember that we defined its rank to be the dimension of its image. Let's consider this a little more closely.
Any vector in the image of can be written as for some vector. If we pick a basis of, then we can write. Thus the vectors span the image of. And thus they contain a basis for the image.
More specifically, we can get a basis for the image by throwing out some of these vectors until those that remain are linearly independent. The number that remain must be the dimension of the image — the rank — and so must be independent of which vectors we throw out. Looking back at the maximality property of a basis, we can state a new characterization of the rank: it is the cardinality of the largest linearly independent subset of.
Now let's consider in particular a linear transformation. Remember that these spaces of column vectors come with built-in bases and (respectively), and we have a matrix. For each index, then, we have the column vector
appearing as a column in the matrix.
So what is the rank of? It's the maximum number of linearly independent columns in the matrix of. This quantity we will call the "column rank" of the matrix.


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At the start of one study, researchers measured dairy, calcium and vitamin D levels in the diets of 6,712 girls, aged nine to 15. After seven years of follow-up, girls who consumed the most dairy products and calcium—also mostly from dairy—had no added protection from bone fracture. Among the most active girls, compared to those who got less calcium, girls who got the most calcium were twice as likely to have a stress fracture, a surprising finding suggesting more study. However, for vitamin D, among the most physically active girls who participated in high-impact activity for at least one hour per day, those who got the most vitamin D were half as likely to have a stress fracture as girls who got less vitamin D.
Doctors said the findings support the recent increase in the U.S. RDA for vitamin D from 400 IU to 600 IU per day.


What Can We Know about the Role of Women in Ancient Israel? by Carol Meyers
People lived in households. Most people were agrarians, agriculturalists, farmers, and the economic, political, religious, social aspects of life were all primarily in the household but for both men and women. What archeologists have discovered in some really wonderful, careful excavations in the past couple decades is the assortment of artifacts that appear in different spatial parts of a dwelling.
And in a sense to the great surprise of many investigators, there were spaces in the household in which the implements of food preparation and consumption, that is where food was prepared and eaten, are found in the same physical space as small objects having to do with religious practices, with religious rituals, which leads us to the belief that ritual was part of meals, of household meals. And we do know by using biblical texts and other ancient near eastern texts and iconography that women were responsible for most of the transformation of agricultural products into something that you could eat or drink.
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They baked the bread, and they prepared the stews and so on. So that linking women's practices of food preparation with the ritual objects that are found in the same spaces and households gives us an idea that women were intrinsically involved in household religious practice. Now, even though the Bible focuses on national or communal religious practice—sacrifices at shrines in the temple, the tabernacle—those were large in the Bible, but in terms of the experience of most people, those things were quite removed.
So by looking at the household as the fundamental space for religious experience and linking specific practices to the roles of women, women become as important actors in the religious lives of Israelites in terms of the household as priests are on the national or communal level.
Carol Meyers
Professor, Duke University
Carol Meyers is the Mary Grace Wilson Emerita Professor of Religion at Duke University. An archaeologist as well as a biblical scholar with a special interest in gender in the biblical world, she has served as a consultant for many media productions dealing with the Bible. Her hundreds of publications include: commentaries on Exodus and on several biblical prophets; an edited reference work, Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament (Eerdmans, 2000); and Rediscovering Eve: Ancient Israelite Women in Context (Oxford University Press, 2013).
Collective ceremonies having a common focus on a god or gods.
 NEH Logo


is
right at the bottom
end and the other is about two-thirds of the
length distant. In
fact, it defines the beginning of the display
The door for the battery compartment -- which
accepts the 22-
182's single 9-volt battery -- comprises the
bottom end of the
cover. The Phillips screw that secures the door
is a finger's
width up from the center of the rubber foot.
In order to gain access to the fuse, remove
the four Phillips
screws that secure the meter's bottom cover.
The battery door is
actually part of this cover so you need not
remove it separately
for this operation. Two of the screws will be
found in the
extreme corners at the bottom end of the cover.
The other two
are placed at each end of the rubber foot that
defines the
beginning of the display section. When the
cover is removed, you
will find the fuse holder adjacent to the
battery and just before
the flexible protective cover for the circuitry.
All of these screws have unthreaded portions
in the middle of the
shanks which prevent their falling out of the
When removing this cover, be careful not to
jerk the wires of the
small loudspeaker which is force-fitted into a
recess in the
cover. You can remove this speaker quite easily
with your
fingers. This loudspeaker emits the various
"beeps" that
indicate the completion and status of many
The bottom cover also contains a stand that
can be extended by
grasping it from within the rectangular recess
just beyond the
battery door.
Control Panel Layout--
Orient the meter so the display points away
from you. Below the display and proceeding from
left to right
are three rectangular rubber buttons.
The first button stands by itself and is the
"power on/off"
button. Toward the right side of the panel is a
pair of similar
buttons. The first one toggles through four
states: normal
reading, data-hold, maximum, and minimum. The
button to its
right toggles between "normal" reading and
"relative" reading.
These are discussed in detail later.
Below these buttons is a large, 30-position
selector control. At
its top-left are two rectangular holes, one
above the other.
These are the holes into which the leads of a
capacitor can be
inserted for measurement. At the selector's
lower-right is a
circular object. This is a socket into which a
transistor can be
inserted for checking.
Below the capacitor socket is another
pushbutton labeled "comm."
When toggled on, the meter sends data
continuously through the
RS232 port. When toggled off, further readings
are issued only
when you press a key on your computer's
At the bottom of the panel are four holes
going from left to
right. These holes accept the connectors for
the test probes.
The probes are conventional "pencil-like"
extensions with pointed
tips. Their connections to the meter are
hollow cylindrical
plugs. The holes in the meter that accept these
plugs have a
protrusion that must engage the corresponding
center hole in the
plug. While these connections greatly reduce
the likelihood of
contact with your skin, they require frequent
attention since
they do not make connection until they hit the
bottom of the
hole. This is the first thing to check if you
get no response.
You will use the two right-most holes for
most measurements. The
farthest hole to the right is the "hot"
terminal, the one to its
left is "common." To the left of "common" are
two holes (BOTH
POSITIVE INPUT TERMINALS) for measuring current.
First comes one
for measuring up to mA200. This terminal has a
2-amp fuse. The
left-most terminal is unfused and is for
measuring up to 20
amperes. The manufacturer recommends a maximum
"on-time" for
such measurements of 30 seconds followed by
fifteen minutes rest.
The connection for the RS232 port is on the
right side of the
meter. If you feel down the side, directly to
the right of the
"hot" terminal, there is what appears to be a
"scratch" in the plastic, just above the seam.
This is actually
a row of seven small holes. The 7-pin connector
on the supplied
cable plugs into this "socket," so that the
cable extends toward
the top of the meter. The plug can be inserted
in the opposite
direction, but this will not harm the meter
since its innards are
optically isolated from the computer's serial
port. The reverse
connection of this plug results in an "I/O
error" message.
A Few Flaws--
Unfortunately, the selector knob has no
"STOP" that
would prevent continuous rotation. Although you
can determine
the setting of this control from the information
on your computer
screen, we recommend that you apply physical
markings to indicate
at least the highest ranges of voltage and
current. You will
probably want to mark other positions you use
The sockets that are used for capacitors and
transistors are
poorly designed, so you will have to use some
ingenuity in order
to ensure reliable connections between their
contacts and the
leads of the component to be measured.
Although we managed to obtain a reading for
transistor beta, it
took much "fiddling." We suggest that, since
this meter gives
you no more significant information than you can
get by checking
it with a continuity tester (see Continuity
Tester Uses, SKTF,
Fall, 1982), ignore this feature of the meter.
Meter Functions and
Turn the meter on by pressing the "power"
button. The meter will
emit a long and a short beep if it "powers up."
Pressing the
button again turns off the meter. It utters a
very short beep
when it "powers down." It turns off
automatically if no readings
are taken for about ten minutes. Be sure that
the test probes
are plugged into the two right-most sockets.
Since there is no "end stop" on the function
selector, the most
logical point of orientation is the "continuity"
Rotate the selector so that the slotted end of
its pointer is at
the "nine o'clock" position, between the two
sockets for
capacitor leads. The continuity position is
four clicks
clockwise. You can confirm that you have
selected this function
by touching the probes together and waiting for
the steady tone.
Depending on the mental gymnastics the meter's
performing, the
tone may not appear for a second or two. The
tone will not
appear if the resistance between the probes is
30 ohms or more.
The next six notches going clockwise are the
following resistance ranges: 200 ohms, 2
kilohms, 20 kilohms,
200 kilohms, 2 megohms, and 20 megohms. No
audible indication of
"overload" is presented in the resistance and
"logic low"
functions. In all other modes the meter emits a
continuous tone
when an overload condition is reached.
The display and your computer will show a
message such as, ". ol
kohm." The "PERIOD" can precede the "ol"
immediately, or
separated from it by a space, or be placed
between the two
letters. The PERIOD indicates the degree of
resolution to which
the meter is set within the function being
D.c. Voltage--
Proceeding clockwise, d.c. voltage is next.
six ranges follow in this order: 20mV, 200mV, 2
volts, 20 volts,
200 volts, and 1000 volts. Positive and
negative readings can be
A.c. Voltage--
The a.c. voltage ranges are next and proceed
reverse order: 750 volts, 200 volts, 20 volts, 2
volts, 200mV,
and 20mV. The manufacturer recommends that you
not use this
meter in circuits whose common is more than 500
volts above
"earth ground." They also pointedly discourage
the metering of
three-phase a.c. circuits with this meter. They
further state
that if, however, you insist on doing so, do
your calculations
very carefully.
A.c. and D.c. Current--
Continuing clockwise are the a.c. current,
then d.c. current ranges as follows. a.c.:
20mA, 200mA, and 2
amps. D.c.: 2 amps, 200mA, and 20mA.
For measurements up to 200mA, plug the hot
test probe into the
hole to the left of "common." For measurements
between 200mA and
twenty amperes, insert the hot test probe into
the hole at the
far left. As stated earlier -- but worth
repeating -- this jack
is not fused, and the manufacturer recommends a
maximum "on" time
of 30 seconds to be followed by 15 minutes of
"off" time.
The high-current jack is functional only when
the


text:
Be Part of the Movement
GlassLab Teacher NetworkEdtech innovators, early adopters and school leaders provide feedback and share best practices on new digital learning tools. Help shape GlassLab's products by providing feedback on games, dashboards, lesson plans and other classroom tools throughout every step of the design process. Join us!
- Membership in an online community of fellow innovators and leaders providing inspiration and support
- Free access to professional development opportunities focused on game-based learning
- Invitations to join GlassLab at special events
- Special credit with your name listed in all of the games you help design and pilot
- Opportunities to be featured in GlassLab press and events
GlassLab District NetworkGlassLab is searching for innovative school districts across the country to pilot glasslabgames.org, a suite of multi-platform, standards-aligned games that meet your students' needs for impactful learning. With easy-to-use student management tools, real-time reports, and turn-key professional development materials, GlassLab delivers world-class learning experiences to your educators and students like never before.
- Unlimited access to all GlassLab games, reports, and instructional materials for one full semester after your pilot has concluded.
- A seat on the GlassLab Advisory Board to provide meaningful input into our products and vision.
- Access to the data and research generated hrough the GlassLab District Network's pilots.
- A detailed case study evaluating the impact of GlassLab products on your students and teachers.
- Coordination with GlassLab marketing and PR efforts, including GlassLab outreach to local media outlets in your region.
Calling All Teachers and School Administrators!GlassLab needs your help piloting our newest games. These pilots provide you with preview access to our games and help us refine our games to maximize learning impact.
What's in it for you?
- Early access to games
- Mention in our game acknowledgements
- Future credits on glasslabgames.org to be used for games of your choice
Sign Up for Pilots


text:
School of Prayer Course 2 Daily Prayer Journal
For only $5 you or your students can purchase additional Daily Prayer Journals which corresponds with the School of Prayer Course 2 small group curriculum. Each journal includes:
- 10 dynamic lessons covering a new topic each week.
- Probing questions each day that help you apply God's Word to your own prayer life.
- Extra space to write all that God is teaching you about prayer.


Skip to Content
Buttons can be aesthetically used to emphasize links on Gato pages. Users can choose from a selection of different button types, sizes and colors.
Adding a Button
 1. Within a layout, click the box that states Add Content.
 - This requires that a section has already been created
 2. Click Button
 3. Click Choose
 4. Select a button type. Options include:
 - Gradient - when users mouse-over the button, the button's color is lighter at the top and darker at the bottom
 - Image Rollover - editors are able to select an image to be displayed upon user mouse-over.
 - Reverse - the button itself will be white, then change to the desired color when the user mouses-over the button.
 - 3D - the button has a slight shadow underneath.
 1. Choose from one of the 5 offered colors.
 2. Select the button's size by either choosing small, medium, large, or full width from the drop-down size menu.
 3. Add text that will be displayed in the button.
 4. Enter the desired target URL into the link box or click Internal Link to link to a page within the encompassing website
 5. Click Save Changes
*This Image Rollover button points to a separate page explaining how to add in a background image.


text:
entirely of processed sound.
- World Builder
An application used to create the virtual environment of your game.
- Absolute Property
Properties, such as positioning and playback priority, that are usually defined at the top-level parent object and automatically passed down to each of the parent's child objects. You can override the top-level parent properties by defining these properties at a different level within the hierarchy.
A hierarchical structure of one or more sounds, motion objects, containers, and/or Actor-Mixers. You can use an Actor-Mixer to control properties for all objects below it.
- Additive Type Property
A Wwise property that can be changed multiple times by different settings, such as RTPCs and States. The end value is a combination of all the property offsets applied.
- Audio Input
The Audio Input is a sample source plug-in that allows audio content generated by the game to be sent through the Wwise pipeline and processed by the sound engine.
- Audio Object
An audio buffer accompanied by Metadata that, if all conditions are met, could be passed to an endpoint to be rendered with spatialized effects.
The decrease in volume of a sound, music, or motion object, as it moves away from the source emitter.
- Attenuation ShareSet
Attenuation settings related to the volume of a sound based on its distance from the listener. These settings have been saved as a ShareSet and can be shared between objects.
- Audio Bus
An optional bus that can be grouped (with other Audio and Auxiliary Busses) under a master Audio Bus to help in the organization and delivery of your sound mix. These busses can be renamed, moved, and deleted; and you can also apply Effects to them.
- Audio Source
A separate abstraction layer between the audio file and the sound object. It is linked to the audio file imported into your project. The audio source remains linked to the audio file that you imported into your project so that you can reference it at any time.
- Audio Structure
Any object within the Master-Mixer, Actor-Mixer, or Interactive Music Hierarchies in the Audio tab of the Project Explorer.
The action of lowering the volume level of one audio signal in order for another simultaneous audio signal to have more prominence.
- Auxiliary Bus
A special type of Audio Bus that is generally used to apply Effects such as Reverbs and Delays for simulating environmental Effects or to allow dynamic mixing (side-chaining).
- Auxiliary Send
An audio signal routing technique used to send an audio signal to an Auxiliary Bus. An Auxiliary Send can be controlled either per sound object, or per game object when using the SDK API.
- Blend Container
A group of one or more objects and/or containers that are played back simultaneously. The objects within this container can be grouped into blend tracks where properties are mapped to Game Parameter values using RTPCs. Crossfades can also be applied between the objects within a blend track based on the value of a Game Parameter.
A project folder that contains all the converted files for the platforms that you are developing. By default, this folder is stored locally although you can modify it's location. Multiple users should not access the cache folder simultaneously.
- Child Object
An object within a hierarchical structure that lies within a higher level or parent object.
A Music object that represents an audio source. Clips are arranged in Music Tracks.
An audio Effect plug-in that reduces the dynamic range of a signal by weakening any part of the input signal that is above a pre-defined threshold value.
A group of one or more objects, including sounds, motion objects, and/or containers that are played according to a certain defined behavior. In Wwise, there are several different types of containers, including Random Container, Sequence Container, Switch Container, Blend Container, Music Switch Container, and Music Playlist Container.
- Control Surface Session
A saved project element that defines how Wwise interacts with external control surface devices using the MIDI or Mackie protocol. When bindings are defined for a compatible connected device, the Control Surface Session can be opened to control Wwise features directly through the device.
- Conversion Settings
A group of audio file parameters - which includes sample rate, audio format, and number of channels - that defines the overall quality, memory, and CPU usage of the audio files for each platform.
- AK Convolution Reverb
An audio Effect that uses IR (Impulse Responses) to simulate the acoustics of real spaces, such as a concert halls, buildings, streets, vehicle interiors, rooms, fields, forests, and others.
A marker appended to Music Segments to indicate a key point, such as its entry or exit point.
- Custom Cue
A user-created marker appended to Music Segments to indicate a key sync point. The Entry and Exit cues are not considered custom cues.
- dB Scaling
An option to display the graph view Y axis in logarithmic scaling when representing properties that are measured in decibels.
- Default Work Unit
XML files that contain all the information in your project related to the specific element for which they were created. For example, the Default Work Unit.wwu file for Events contains all the information related to events, and the Default Work Unit.wwu file for States contains all the information related to states, and so on. Default Work Units are created when the project is created.
- Definition File
Text files that list all the Events in a game, classified by SoundBank.
An audio Effect plug-in that adds echoes by delaying an audio signal for a specified period of time.
- Dialogue Event
A method to trigger audio in game using a set of rules or conditions expressed in arguments and argument values that match the possible conditions in the game. These argument values are arranged into argument paths and then assigned to an object in Wwise. When a Dialogue Event is called by the game, the game matches its current situation with those defined in the Dialogue Event and the appropriate piece of dialogue is played.
For Wwise, diffraction is a built-in game parameter, computed by Spatial Audio, providing the angle from the Shadow Boundary, where the approximation of the bending of sound waves around corners and other obstacles begins.
- Effect Chain
A series of Effects that have been applied to an object or bus in a specific order.
- Effect Instance
A customized set of Effect properties that can be saved and applied to other objects or Busses. Effect instance properties can also be shared across objects.
- Effect ShareSet
Audio effect settings that can be used to enhance the audio in your game. These settings have been saved as a ShareSet and can be shared between objects.
- Empty Event
An Event that doesn't contain any actions or objects.
- Environmental Effect
An Effect that alters the property set of the sounds generated by a game object depending on the position of that object in a game's geometry.
- Event (Action Event)
A method to trigger audio in game using an Action or series of Actions, such as Play, Mute, and Pause, that have been applied to one or more Wwise objects.
The Expander plug-in effect expands the dynamic range of a signal by weakening any part of the input signal that is below a pre-defined threshold value. When the signal is soft and below the threshold, the Expander begins to reduce the signal's gain. When the signal is at or louder than the threshold value, no gain reduction is applied to the signal.
- External Source
A source plug-in that associates a sound object with an audio file at runtime. It allows the management of large amounts of dialogue lines that could otherwise require a great deal of overhead. It helps to save some runtime memory and it simplifies the replacement of audio files that is sometime required when generating DLC content for a game.
- File Manager
A dialog box that displays information about project files and original imported source files, as well as manages many source control plug-in functions, where applicable.
An audio effect that mixes two identical signals together, where one of the signals is time-delayed by a small and gradually changing amount producing a swept comb filter effect.
- Flat View
A view that is docked into a layout.
The percentage value used to condense the virtual emitters generated by the spread value. For a focus of 0%, the virtual emitters remain unchanged, but at higher values each virtual points are moved closer around the source channel origin.
High level structure in the Actor-Mixer Hierarchy, used to manage other structures of actor-mixers, containers, and so on.
- Game Object
Entity in a game to which elements such as an interface, a Trigger, or a Sound can be attached.
- Game Parameter
A parameter from the game, such as speed and RPMs in a car racing game for example, that can be mapped to Wwise property values using RTPCs.
- Game Sync
A group of Wwise elements that includes States, Switches, RTPCs, Triggers, and Arguments which are called by conditions in the game and modify the audio and motion accordingly.
- Game Unit
The basic unit of length used in calculating game geometry. For example, a stealth FPS might use meters as a game unit, while a space conquest game might use light-years.
- Guitar Distortion
An audio effect that alters the shape of the audio waveform and introduces frequency components not present in the original signal. The Guitar Distortion effect mimics the behavior of commonly used distortion'stomp boxes' to obtain typical guitar distortion sounds.
An audio effect that adds one or two pitched voices to the incoming signal.
- Imported folder
The hidden project.cache folder containing copies of audio files imported into the project that have undergone a special import conversion process.
- Image Source
The mirrored position of an emitter, normal to a room wall, used in Reflect calculations according to the image source technique.
A specific icon in the Wwise interface that indicates the status of a particular


text: Conophytum are a group of miniature succulents prized by enthusiasts for their wide variety of forms, textures, and colors. Typically, they form clusters or grow in mats but some species are solitary. Bodies can be conical, oblong, or cylindrical, spotted or lined, velvety, warty, or windowed, and range in color from various shades of green and blue-green to brown and red. Some species are mistaken for lithops. Anatomically, they are distinguished by conically united leaves and by their petals, which are fused into a basal tube, unlike most mesembs. Most conos flower in the autumn and display a rainbow range of colors. They can be divided into night-blooming, twilight-blooming, and day-blooming species. The flowers of some species are also scented. The plants are winter growers, meaning they are active in autumn and winter. By spring, they begin to form a dry, papery husk from which new bodies will emerge the following autumn. Plants in their dormant phase can be somewhat disconcerting to growers because they may appear to have given up the ghost while they are in fact quite healthy. The speed with which some go dormant is often an unnecessary cause for alarm. Conophytum are found in the arid and semi-arid winter rainfall areas of South Africa (the Northern Cape Province, the Western Cape Province, and the western part of the Eastern Cape Province) and southern Namibia.


text:
In the Land of Time: And Other Fantasy Tales by Lord Dunsany
In In the Land of Time: And Other Fantasy Tales (1986), literary critic and editor S.T. Joshi has compiled a large collection of Lord Dunsany's short fiction that spans fifty years and is representative of his entire oeuvre. As someone who is not well-acquainted with the writings of Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, the 18th Baron of Dunsany (_PHONE_), I found this collection to be both an excellent resource and an enjoyable read. I especially appreciate the opportunity to listen to this in audiobook format, thanks to Tantor Audio who has recently released an audio edition which is 17 hours long and is beautifully narrated by Steven Crossley.
After giving us an informative introduction, Joshi has arranged Dunsany's stories into six sections. The first and longest section, which he calls Pegana and Environs, contains Dunsany's stories about Pegana, an imaginative land inhabited and controlled by a cast of remote and frivolous gods. These fables, written in a formal and elaborate style and often sounding like the King James Bible, are slightly reminiscent of the tales about the Greek and Roman pantheons (yet more amusing) and include origin stories as well as tales of the gods meddling with humans and amongst themselves. While reading them I found myself thinking of Tanith Lee's TALES FROM THE FLAT EARTH and Italo Calvino's Invisible Cities.
There's a feeling of playfulness and irony that pervades the Pegana stories which, as Joshi suggests, may be related to Dunsany's concurrent reading of Nietzsche. The stories in this section are:
- The Gods of Pegana
- Time and the Gods
- The Legend of the Dawn
- In the Land of Time
- The Relenting of Sarnidac
- The Fall of Babbulkund
The next section is called Tales of Wonder and contains a sampling of stories that are different from those found in Dunsany's 1916 book titled Tales of Wonder. In this section Joshi has included:
- The Sword of Welleran
- The Kith of the Elf-Folk
- The Ghosts
- The Fortress Unvanquishable, Save for Sacnoth
- Idle Days on the Yann
- A Shop in Go-by Street
- The Avenger of Perdóndaris
- The Bride of the Man-Horse
In these stories we visit many exotic places and meet a sentient sword, a creature who asks for a soul but ends up regretting it, a man who sets out to prove that ghosts don't exist, singing flowers that are the dreams of poets, a wise talking cat, and a centaur. I liked the style, content, and diversity of these stories better than the Pegana fables.
The third section contains several Prose Poems:
- Where the Tides Ebb and Flow
- The Raft Builders
- The Prayer of the Flowers
- The Workman
- The City
These are very short, most just a couple of minutes in the audiobook version. Here we meet a man whose dead body keeps getting re-buried while he's aware of it, a man who falls off a scaffolding and tries to carve his name on the way down, and a king who swears to visit a city that a prophecy claims he'll never reach. Some of these poems are clever, some are thoughtful. They're all beautifully written. "Roses," a poem of only a few lines, is a good example of one of Dunsany's common themes — that nature will continue to thrive long after humans manage to exterminate themselves.
The fourth section, titled Fantasy and Reality, contains:
- The Wonderful Window
- The Coronation of Mr. Thomas Shap
- The City on Mallington Moor
- The Bureau d'Echange de Maux
- The Exiles' Club
- Thirteen at Table
- The Last Dream of Bwona Khubla
These stories were my favorites. One is about a very expensive window that looks out onto a captivating imaginary city. Another is about a businessman who, with half of his brain, competently and logically does his job and, with the other half of his brain, lives in his own fantasy world. In another story we visit a city that only appears when you drink rum, and in another, we visit a shop where traders can swap the bad things that happen to them. There are some repetitive elements in these stories, but they're all clever and amusing.
Dunsany wrote over 150 stories that have been collected as The Jorkens Tales and Joshi provides five in the fifth section (called Jorkens). Joseph Jorkens is a (fictional) member of a London gentlemen's club who is known for the tall tales which he can be induced to begin if one of the club members buys him a drink. The Jorkens tales that Joshi has chosen for this collection are:
- The Tale of the Abu Laheeb (the first Jorkens story)
- Our Distant Cousins
- The Walk to Lingham
- The Development of the Rillswood Estate
- A Life's Work
Jorkens tells the fantastical tales as if they're true, so his listeners are never quite sure how much to believe. In these tales, Jorkens visits Mars, puts an elephant in a matchbox, gets chased by a tree, and explains how the man who just rode by their club in a carriage is actually a satyr. These stories were a lot of fun and I'll be seeking out more of the Jorkens tales soon.
The final section is called Some Late Tales (because they were written later in Dunsany's life) and includes:
- The Policeman's Prophecy
- The Two Bottles of Relish
- The Cut
- Helping the Fairies
- The Romance of His Life
- The Pirate of the Round Pond
This is a diverse set where we see what would happen to London if all the humans were gone, we solve a murder that involves a relish-eating vegetarian, we watch a dog start putting on airs, we witness the consequences of offending "the little people," and we watch some meddlesome boys use torpedoes to sink toy boats on a public pond. These stories, which wouldn't be classified as fantasy, are entertaining and sometimes exude sardonic social commentary.
It's easy to see why Lord Dunsany was such an important influence on Tolkien, Lovecraft, Le Guin, Moorcock, and others fantasy writers. Any reader who is interested in the history of fantasy literature should become familiar with Lord Dunsany's writings and In the Land of Time: And Other Fantasy Tales is the perfect method for doing so. Tantor Audio's new edition is exquisitely performed by Steven Crossley. I highly recommend it.


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Episode 37 — New and Noteworthy Nonfiction
|Grades||6 – 12|
|Podcast Series||Text Messages: Recommendations for Adolescent Readers
See all episodes in this series
|Original Air Date||Published April 05, 2011|
Music in this podcast is courtesy of Scott Andrew.
Grades 3 – 12 | Calendar Activity | January 11
Students explore the definition of a hero and use the interactive Venn diagram to identify the most common characteristics of a hero.
Grades 3 – 12 | Calendar Activity | January 25
Students conduct research and write original works of nonfiction on topics of their choice.


text:
The service provides search against a database documenting chemical interactions, molecular molecular structures, and pathways. The Biomolecular Interaction Network Database (BIND) is a curated collection of reports from scientific literature describing molecular interactions in experimental research. Records document interaction data stored in a variety of sources aggregating researcher reports, so the service provides search across those separate repositories.
API methods support submission of a search query specifying a particular source identifier or a text string associated with a result. Methods return all records from the BIND database matching the query along with descriptive data about the result set such as number of results, the query that generated them, and the result type.


text:
Altai Tavan Bogd
Tavan Bogd (five saints) is a soaring cluster of mountains that straddles the border between Mongolia, Russia and China. The range includes Khuiten(Cold peak), Naran(Sun), Olgii(Land), Burged(Eagle) and Nairamdal(Friendship) and Uuls(Mountains). The stunning region stretches south from Tavan Bogd and includes the twin lakes of Khoton Nuur and Khurgan Nuur (and the less interesting Dayan Nuur), which are the source of the Khovd river that flows to Khar Us lake in Khovd province. Despite its remote location, the park and its beautiful scenery make it the premier attraction in western Mongolia. Divided from China by a high wall of snow-capped peaks, the area is a trekker's paradise. Altai Tavan Bogd is the biggest national park and it occupies 636,161 hectares of pristine landscape along the border of the western part of Altai sums of Bayan-Ulgii province where Kazakhs (5% of Mongolian population) live. One of their interesting activities is they use golden eagle and falcons for their hunting. During winter months they take their Golden Eagles out to hunt for small animals for fur and meat. This is an old tradition, which is celebrated as festival of horsemanship, hunting skills and knowledge. The highest peak of Mongol Altai is Khuiten Peak of Tavan-Bogd range, with the absolute height of 4653 m above sea level. For sheer beauty it is in no way inferior to that of Matter horn of Switzerland. Sharp-edged rocky ridges of Altai, with eternal snow-caps, attaining an average height of over 3000 m, are full of deep gorges through which foaming streams of glacier-fed mountain rivers dash down. Snow-covered peaks soar into the cloudless sky and the frozen glaciers glitter in the sun's rays the Tavan-Bogd range and peaks dimmed with a light-gray cloak of snow particles rise up into the sky. This place protected by government in 1996 by parliament resolution No.43. The national park with its amazing beauty embodies the special characteristics of high mountains, icy crystal rivers, mountain valleys, steppe landscapes and ecosystems. Also, it is a habitual a blast refuge for mammals like argali, ibex and deer, and bird species like eagle and lammergeyer. There are exceptional and largely unexplored area, within the peaks and valleys of Mongol Altai Mountain Range.


A Necessary Balance
The fragile balance between human activity and environmental conservation is particularly delicate when it comes to winegrowing and the grapevine growth cycle. This is why Familia Torres tries to minimize its impact on the environment by implementing a series of actions and practices based on years of research and aimed at improving biodiversity at its estates and vineyards.
The flora and fauna of the vineyards is not secondary. They represent a natural asset that provides a mutually beneficial relationship, a highly sensitive balance that calls for deep understanding and observation in order to take wise, decisive action.
What guides Familia Torres is an idea championed by the third generation under Miguel Torres Carbó, who said, "The more we care for the Earth, the better our wine." For this reason Familia Torres has not used insecticides or weed killers in its vineyards for decades and now, under the fifth generation, has sought organic certification for the majority of its vineyards, especially those in predominantly dry climates with little rainfall.
 - When it comes to weed control, the winery plants cover crops between the rows instead of resorting to traditional weed killers. This plant cover reduces soil erosion, encourages the development of organic matter, and improves biodiversity, because the cover crops provide a home and habitat for several beneficial species.
Cover crops at Mas La Plana estate, a Familia Torres property
 - Familia Torres also works on restoring old wells and shafts on all of its estates, as well as building rainwater harvesting ponds that provide birds and amphibians with a watering hole.
Pond at Mas La Plana estate, a Familia Torres property
 - It is well known that monocultures deteriorate biodiversity, which is why Familia Torres has integrated wildlife corridors into the landscape. Flora and fauna can move freely through these corridors, thus allowing ecological processes to continue uninterrupted. Wildlife corridors enable the free flow of life. This is why Familia Torres estates also maintain their original crops (mostly grain and olive groves) which preserve the specific landscape and life of each site. In short: preserving a sense of place, an identity.
 - The same approach led to the introduction of insectariums and insect hotels. Why? The grapevine moth is among the most significant pests. Its larvae feed on grape clusters and berries. Instead of turning to insecticides, we seek assistance from the moth's natural predators, like the ladybug, by creating a habitat that encourages their presence.
Insect hotel to combat the grapevine moth
 - In similar fashion, the winery has installed several bee hives, like the ones at Mas La Plana, to ensure pollination. Given how susceptible bees are to environmental diseases, they serve as an early warning system to monitor the health of the natural surroundings.
A beekeeper handles a hive frame at Mas La Plana, a Familia Torres property
 - As a way of protecting and increasing the presence of bird species, Familia Torres has installed nesting boxes where the birds can lay their eggs. This also attracts bats, which are excellent allies in the fight against the grapevine moth. They can eat more than 600 insects in a single night.
A nesting box at Mas La Plana estate
 - The reforestation of hillsides and woodlands improves their structural integrity due to the stabilizing influence of the plants. Furthermore, drainage channels prevent flash floods caused by heavy rainfall from inundating the vineyard parcels, which would otherwise wash away the soil and deteriorate the biodiversity.
The majority of the forests have a Technical Forest Management and Improvement Plan. Every year, the winery clears vegetation to reduce the risk of fire, fells trees to improve the productivity of the forest, extracts biomass as a source of energy, or reforests deteriorated areas. Maintaining forested areas between the vineyards creates a mosaic landscape, which provides for a more varied environment and encourages biodiversity by creating a refuge and habitat for local wildlife.
The presence of insects invites other animals who see them as a source of food, natural predators like birds, reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, thus perpetuating the food chain. It is a circle of life in a constant process of renewal and which renews us in turn. It is life giving life.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Brayon, Brayonne
Regions with significant populations
Canada, concentrated in the Madawaska region of New Brunswick.
Primarily Roman Catholic
Related ethnic groups
Brayons are a francophone people inhabiting the area in and around Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada. In French, they are called les Brayons or feminine les Brayonnes, and both terms are also used as adjectives, as in Brayon culture, or la culture brayonne. Given their location in New Brunswick, a Canadian Maritime province, they are considered by many to be Acadians; however most residents relate more to Quebec and the majority have strong roots and ancestral ties to Quebec as compared to Acadia, considering that at one point the Madawaska region was considered part of Quebec.
The Brayons view themselves as neither Acadian nor Québécois, affirming that they are a distinctive culture with a history and heritage linked to farming and forestry in the Madawaska area, unlike both the primarily maritime heritage of the modern Acadians and the St. Lawrence Valley history of the Québécois.
Classification of Brayon as a dialect within Quebec French is largely disputed, as unlike Acadian French, for example, Brayon does not possess its own words or definition. The primary difference consists in a simple denotation of certain words due to their pronunciation. In French language, it is a generally found denotation as many words, such as masculine and feminine adjective endings, or the past tenses of some verbs, are homophone. However, both Brayon and Acadian are dialects not complete languages in their own right.
One basic distinctive trait of Brayon, however, is made in words such as tache ("stain") and tâche ("task"), where the "a" tends to resemble an open back unrounded vowel /ɑ/, notwithstanding of the circumflex. This in turn highlights the difference of pronouncing "a" in a (3rd singular of the verb avoir, "to have") and à (pronoun "at"), already strong in Quebec French, as compared to Standard French. The same rule also applies to /ɛ/ in maigre ("skinny") and vinaigre ("vinegar"), which transforms into /ɛː/, as in fête ("feast").
The border between New Brunswick and Quebec, and to some extent Maine, does not mean much to the people who live in that area, hence the commonalities and close relationship between Brayons and Québécois and parts of northern Maine; likewise, Brayon French is not completely restricted to Madawaska County.
This view of uniqueness led (at least jokingly) to the founding of the République du Madawaska during the Aroostook War, wherein some Brayons, disgusted with the actions of both British and American interlopers on their historical lands, declared themselves allied with neither, and independent. Of course, the "république" was never formally recognized and was ultimately split by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty into American and Canadian parts.
Cultural echoes[edit]
The spirit of the République du Madawaska lives on at least in the hearts and minds of local residents. The république has its own flag (designed in 1938), which flies in and around Edmundston.[1] The honorary Président de la République (President of the Republic) is the sitting Mayor of Edmundston, there is the Republic Provincial Park and there is a small Musée de la République (Museum of the Republic) in Edmundston dedicated to Brayon history. The heritage of les Brayons is celebrated annually in the Foire Brayonne, a music and cultural festival.
Other uses[edit]
Brayon(ne) is also the name of the inhabitants of the Pays de Bray in northwestern France (Seine-Maritime and Oise départements).


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The seminar is held to accommodate the prominent researchers, lecturers, teachers, students, and public in Indonesia and Asia to perform in academic forums, i.e., sharing their research findings with their peers or articulating their ideas and thoughts around their interest in literature, linguistics, TEFL/TESOL, cultural studies, literacies, and translation.
The seminar's theme is "Reconceptualizing Survivalism in Humanities". This seminar's aims are as follows: 1) to present an overview of the history of survivalism in literature, linguistics, translation, and education, while also providing an opportunity for seminar attendees to discuss and exchange ideas regarding survivalism in the humanities. 2) To expand seminar participants' knowledge/insight about survivalism notions and how these concepts reconceptualize survivalism in the humanities, particularly in the disciplines of language and learning, literature, and translation across time periods. 3) To detect diverse post-pandemic survival methods in the humanities sector; 4) To strengthen contact between the UNNES English Department and academics, literary critics, and literary connoisseurs in general.


Shadows, Slicksters, and Soothsayers: Physicians in Canadian Poetry
That physicians are scientists is rarely questioned. One might expect, then, that doctors would be portrayed as such in Canadian poetry. However, when the author, a physician and poet herself, surveyed a sample of contemporary works, she found that doctors were rarely seen as scientists; instead, she groups their portrayals into three categories: shadows (physicians who appear as accidental tourists, or as manual labourers), slicksters (physicians doing the technical work of medicine, but also embodying the power struggles between doctor and patient), and soothsayers (physicians who divine some larger meaning about being human). Though this lack of physician-as-scientist imagery might exist because poets are generally less familiar with the workaday world of science than with the caring (or apparently not caring) aspects of physicianship, these portrayals suggest the world may view medicine as something emerging from science, but occupying a place closer to craftsmanship. I conclude with what this may mean for what patients want more of and less of from physicians.
This article "Shadows, Slicksters, and Soothsayers: Physicians in Canadian Poetry" originally appeared in Science & Canadian Literature. Spec. issue of Canadian Literature 221 (Summer 2014): 37-54.


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Bedford, Rachael and Gliga, Teodora and Frame, K. and Hudry, K. and Chandler, S. and Johnson, Mark H. and Charman, T. (2012) Failure to learn from feedback underlies word learning difficulties in toddlers at risk for autism. Journal of Child Language 40 (S01), pp. 29-46. ISSN 0305-0009.
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Children's assignment of novel words to nameless objects, over objects whose names they know (mutual exclusivity; ME) has been described as a driving force for vocabulary acquisition. Despite their ability to use ME to fast-map words (Preissler & Carey, 2005), children with autism show impaired language acquisition. We aimed to address this puzzle by building on studies showing that correct referent selection using ME does not lead to word learning unless ostensive feedback is provided on the child's object choice (Horst & Samuelson, 2008). We found that although toddlers aged 2;0 at risk for autism can use ME to choose the correct referent of a word, they do not benefit from feedback for long-term retention of the word–object mapping. Further, their difficulty using feedback is associated with their smaller receptive vocabularies. We propose that difficulties learning from social feedback, not lexical principles, limits vocabulary building during development in children at risk for autism.
|School or Research Centre:||Birkbeck Schools and Research Centres > School of Science > Psychology|
|Date Deposited:||23 Mar 2012 11:13|
|Last Modified:||17 Apr 2013 12:33|
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Intellectual Property and Fair Use Seminar
This three-credit seminar will focus on the Fair Use doctrine as applied to copyright and trademark issues. As part of copyright jurisprudence, the fair use doctrine is the most widely used, yet often misinterpreted exemption to the exclusive rights granted under copyright law. The fair use doctrine is expressed with limited statutory guidance, and applied via a wealth of complex and occasionally contradictory interpretive case law. The digital age has seen increasing challenges to the fair use doctrine through applications of next generation technology, increasingly aggressive litigation (and litigation threats) by copyright owners and rights holders, and complex and confusing statutory changes, such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and the TEACH Act. Similar issues arise in trademark jurisprudence, particularly as Internet use of trademarks has eliminated traditional and geographic boundaries on trade name usage. Topics for the course will include: an introduction to fair use; justifications for fair use; fair use, copyright and free speech; photocopying, archiving and fair use; parody as fair use; piracy, anti-circumvention and fair use; fair use in the digital environment–including the Google Books settlement; and current developments in fair use jurisprudence. Other topics may be added depending on recent developments and student interest.


Thursday, July 2, 2009
Propeller Rake and Blade Thickness Diameter Ratio
by Charles Roring in Manokwari of West Papua Indonesia
Rake in propeller is made to increase to amount of water mass which can be sucked and propelled to drive the ship. Most of the rake is aimed at inclining the blades of the propeller backward relative to the generator line of the propeller. Usually the rake is between 00 and 150.
The larger the rake the higher will be the tensile stress of the blades. As a result, the blade thickness diameter ratio of a propeller with 15 degrees of rake is higher than the propeller without a rake whose overall parameters are the same. As I have said before, the higher the rake, the higher will be the working stress.
A propeller designer must carefully perform strength calculation for ship's propeller whose blades have high rake degree. The stress calculation is carried out using Taylor strength criteria for various blade thickness diameters until the allowable working stress is achieved. As a guidance, the formulas for calculating the blade thickness diameter ratio for a given rake can be read at my other article entitled: Material and Strength of Marine Screw Propeller. If you want to learn more about this subject, I suggest that you read page 301 of The Design of Marine Screw Propellers written by T.P.O. Brien. Here is a sample of propeller strength calculation whose rake is 10 degrees:
Propeller design data: DHP = 13210.56 hp; Blade number = 4; RPM= 97; diameter= 6.8 meters or 22.309 ft; chord diameter ratio at radius 0.2 = 0.230; the material density w = 480 lb/ft3; t2/D = 3.52; rake = 10 degrees; S2 = 1310, S3= 0.22; S4 = 0.746; S5 = 0.31.
It is suggested that propeller designer avoid applying to high rake degree in his or her newly designed propeller to keep the blade thickness diameter ratio lower and to simplify the manufacturing process.
The Taylor Strength Criteria for Propeller whose material is Ni-Al-Bronze
After the strength criteria calculation has been executed, the figures in the above table can be represented in a graph such as the one shown below:
Also read:
Pitch diameter ratio of a propeller and engine performance of a ship;
Ship displacement calculation
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I've read that many plants have some sort of circadian rhythm where they perform a certain action on a cycle of about 24 hours, like the mimosa plant opening and closing its leaves. Obviously this is done in order to synchronize with the sun, but many such plants continue to perform these actions even when left it constant darkness or light. It follows that this is the result of some sort of biochemical pathway, but whatever internal 'clock' is used is also independent of temperature.
How can these plants perform certain actions every 24 hours at different temperatures when the chemical reactions most biochemical pathways use are temperature dependent?
It would seem like the length of the cycle should vary widely according to the temperature as it affected the reactions involved, but instead it stays at a very constant length very close to 24 hours. How can this be?
(This is in my textbook, but unfortunately the book doesn't cite any studies. I would greatly appreciate it if anyone could help me find one to link to so I can improve the question. :)
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The short answer is that it is because the reaction chains dispensing time and enzymes doing those reactions have evolved to negate the impact of environmental factors.
The true answer is that the plant clocks do gradually lose sync with 24h cycle when put in stable lighting conditions and move to some more-less random characteristic frequency of their molecular clock which is quite likely dependent on environment (still it is obviously close to 24h) -- the sad truth is that every clock needs syncing to work properly.
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Matthias C Vogg
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BACKGROUND Planarian flatworms can regenerate their head, including a functional brain, within less than a week. Despite the enormous potential of these animals for medical research and regenerative medicine, the mechanisms of regeneration and the molecules involved remain largely unknown. RESULTS To identify genes that are differentially expressed during(More)
Tissue regeneration depends on proliferative cells and on cues that regulate cell division, differentiation, patterning and the restriction of these processes once regeneration is complete. In planarians, flatworms with high regenerative potential, muscle cells express some of these instructive cues. Here, we show that members of the integrin family of(More)
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Life in Caldwell in 1837-41, The Cleveland Years – Quiz
Life in Caldwell in 1837-41, The Cleveland Years
 1. How many people lived in Caldwell in 1840?
 2. 2000 b. 1436 c. 988 d. 250 e. 486
 1. Who else lived in Caldwell?
 2. Dutch Americans b. native Americans c. black Americans d. German Americans e. Irish Americans f. Asian Americans g. Hispanic Americans f Hawaiian Americans
 1. Who else lived in Caldwell?
 2. rabbits b. bears c. raccoons d. deer e. mountain lions f. foxes g. rats h. groundhogs i. squirrels j. moles k. bats, l. muskrats, m. minks n. opossums o. porcupines
 1. Where were stray domesticated animals kept until their owners picked them up?
 1. Each mature sheep today gives us about 30 lbs. Of wool. How many lbs did they give Caldwell farmers the 1830-40's?
 1. Why did Caldwell farmers and drovers like oxen so much?
 1. Grover's home in the old manse lacked which features?
 2. running water b. central heating c. electricity d. bathroom and toilet e. stove f. refrigerator g. washing machine h. screens i.telephone j. vacuum cleaner k. kerosene lamp.
 1. Which local social services did Caldwell have in 1840?
 2. police force b. fire department c. militia d. bank e. poor house f. hospital g. library h. board of health i. mayor and council j. sewer plant l. public school system
 1. What is a tannery?
 2. beach club b. leather factory c. paint store d. tea salon e. bakery
 1. What diseases did Caldwell residents have vaccinations for?
 2. small pox b. measles c. Whooping cough d. diphtheria e. tuberculosis g. cholera g. typhoid
 3. fever h. influenza i. tetnus j. polio k. malaria l. German measles
Life in Caldwell in the 1830-40s The Answers!
 1. 250 people, Caldwell included then all the surrounding towns as well.
 1. Hawaiian Americans are not recorded and the last names in the census suggest they were not present.
 1. Mountain lion; the last one was killed on Roseland Avenue in 1832. Almost all the predatory animals were hunted out and killed by the farmers to protect their live stock.
 1. Stray domestic animals were kept on the Green, now the corner of Roseland and Bloomfield Avenue. Until the 1870s domestic animals were fenced out of farms and gardens and not fenced in to pastures and farms and ranches. Most animals came home to be milked and fed.
 1. About 9 lbs for a mature ram; modern animal husbandry began in the 18th century without understanding genetics, just careful examination and selection of characteristics. Sheep doubled in weight on average from 1740-1840s. Also, crop rotation with winter crops, allowing animals to graze and fertilize the fields but not let them lie fallow every third year, meant that there was food for the animals all winter long (and for people), so all the animals did not have to be slaughtered each fall and could grow bigger and heavier (and wooly).
 1. Oxen, unlike horses, have cloven feet. Cloven feet meant they could walk on rocky ground without splitting their hooves and had good traction. Have you ever tried to dig a hole in Caldwell? Oxen can also walk at a steady pace for longer distances pulling their loads. Oxen do not, however, back up and need a wide space to turn around.
 1. Grover's mom and servant had none of those aides. Stoves to burn wood for cooking were invented by Benj. Thompson in 1833; improved and produced in 1834 by Philo Stewart (the Oberlin Stove) but were expensive and not readily available until a decade later. Kerosene lamps became available after kerosene was discovered in the 1850s.
 1. None of those services except the militia. Caldwell was incorporated in 1892; before the services if they existed were provided by the county or the larger Caldwell.
 1. Tanneries were "factories" where animal skims were treated to produce leather. The Caldwells had many trees to provide the bark, animals their hides, and seasonal labor. Tanneries tan hides by soaking the flesh off with acids made from tree bark. They stank. Tanneries were not permitted in cities whenever possible, the beginning of public health laws.
 1. Only one, smallpox. That vaccination was achieved by giving a person a mild case of cow pox. Jenner, the early advocate for small pox vaccination, was born in 1749 and died in 1796. There was no knowledge of germs just what appeared to be a better protection from the disease among workers with cows. Any large gathering of people, without social distancing, makes spreading disease easier. For example, Washington almost lost the continental army to smallpox; he made the army be vaccinated while in Morristown. During the Civil War Lincoln caught smallpox; the Confederate army was plagued with malaria and the Union army with measles. They were all deadly diseases at that time. Smallpox is the only one now very rarely experienced.
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- Description of a model for the calculation of breeding values for profitability
|Last update: November 22, 2010 12:27:19 PM|
Description of a model for the calculation of breeding values for profitability
M. J. Herselman
Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X529, Middelburg, EC, 5900, South Africa.
E-mail: Tino Herselman
Currently, the selection of breeding animals through the National Small Stock Improvement Scheme (NSSIS) in South Africa is based on indices and estimated breeding values for different production traits. The net result of such selection is an increase in production or income per head and not necessarily per unit of available resource. The income from an individual sheep is directly related to the level of production of that animal, whereas the income from a sheep farming enterprise is determined by the efficiency of converting available grazing material into products. For the farm enterprise, the available grazing material is the primary limiting factor. In the South African context, where vast areas of land are of relative low potential and where too much pressure is already placed on the natural resource, it is of particular importance that livestock is bred to increase income per unit of available resource and not per head. Continuously breeding bigger animals with higher nutritional requirements will inevitably result in more pressure being placed on the veld if animal numbers are not decreased accordingly. Currently, body weight is the most important trait considered during selection in the stud and commercial sheep and goat industries and it can therefore be expected that these animals will have ever-increasing nutritional requirements. The purpose of this paper is to propose a concept for incorporation into the NSSIS, which will enable breeders to select wool sheep for their potential to generate income within the limitation of the primary resource. A database was created consisting of ewe body weight (BW), clean fleece weight (CFW), clean wool price (CWP), number of Iambs born per ewe per year (LB), meat price (MP) and farm profit (PROFIT). Different combinations (243) of the first five variables were taken arbitrary and farm profit (R/SSU) was calculated for each of the 243 records with the SM2000 model of Herselman (2002). Amongst others, the following aspects are already built into SM2000 or were specifically included before the calculations were performed: generation of a growth curve for Iambs from adult ewe body weight; a 2 kg increase in body weight results in lambs to be marketed one month earlier; meat price of cull ewes (adult) is taken as 85% of that of lambs; the wool production of lambs is calculated from that of adult ewes; the small stock unit equivalents (SSU) are calculated from ME intake which in turn is calculated from the production data using the formulas of the ARC (1980). Subsequently, a multiple linear regression was fitted on the data (243 records) with PROFIT as dependent variable and BW, CFW, CWP, LB and MP as independent variables (Equation 1).
PROFIT (R/SSU) = -200.02 - 1.47BW + 28CFW + 2.8CWP + 67LB + 8.45MP (R2 = 0.97)
Equation 1 can be used in this format for the calculation of profit of a wool sheep farming enterprise from the average production data of the farm and relevant wool and meat prices. Subsequently, CWP in Equation! was substituted with a prediction equation whereby CWP is calculated from fibre diameter (FD), FD2 and staple length (SL). The wool prices for different micron and staple length categories for this equation were obtained from Cape Wools SA for the production seasons of 1997/98 to 2002/03. Likewise, MP in Equation 1 was substituted with the average meat price of the same period. The equation was further expanded to obtain an equation for the calculation of a breeding value for Farm Profit from estimated breeding values (ebv's) of the other production traits (Equation 2).
PROFITebv(R/SSU) = -998.16 - 1.47BWebv + 28CFWebv + 0.25SLebv - 106.23FDebv + 2.2634(21 + FDebv)2 + 67LBebv
The model for the calculation of breeding values for profitability has been computerized in a spreadsheet format, which enables easy re-calculation with other baseline values. The application of PROFITebv as a selection criterion will be evaluated in practice before implementation in the NSSIS.


French Grammar: Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs
French Grammar: Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs
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French Grammar: Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs
la grammaire française: les verbes réfléchis réciproques
Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs in French help us identify actions done by two or more people – to each other!
Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs are a certain kind of Reflexive Verb in French. Be sure to review the lesson on Reflexive Verbs first before moving on to this lesson!
French Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs take the exact same pronouns as other French reflexive verbs. BUT, Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs are ONLY used in the plural – because the action always involves more than one person/subject.
Remember! The Reciprocal Reflexive Pronoun MUST match the subject(s) involved!
NOUS : ourselves/each other
VOUS : yourselves/each other
SE (or S') : themselves/each other
Note that the pronoun SE becomes S' before any verb that starts with a vowel (such as s'acheter and s'écrire).
Once you understand how to use Reflexive Verbs in French, learning how to use Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs is really easy! Just use the reflexive/reciprocal pronoun in front of the verb (action) that you want to express is mutual. Rule of thumb: If you would use the phrase 'each other' in English, then you'll use a Reciprocal Reflexive Verb in French!
Like Reflexive Verbs, a Reciprocal Reflexive Verb is identified by the reflexive pronoun SE that precedes it in its infinitive form. Here are some common French Reciprocal Reflexive Verbs:
s'acheter : to buy (something for) each other
s'adorer : to adore each other
s'aider : to help each other
s'aimer : to love each other
se comprendre : to understand each other
se connaître : to know each other
se détester : to hate each other
se dire : to tell/say to each other
s'écrire : to write to each other
s'envoyer (des courriels) : to send each other (emails)
se mentir : to lie to each other
se parler : to speak/talk to each other
se plaire : to like each other
se poser des questions : to ask each other questions
se promettre : to promise each other
se regarder : to look at each other
se rencontrer : to meet / to run into each other
se ressembler : to look like each other
se téléphoner : to phone/call each other
se voir : to see each other
See the ADAPT section for more examples!
Jacques et Marie se regardent.
James and Marie are looking at each other.
Les étudiants s'aident beaucoup.
The students help each other a lot.
Lucie et moi, nous nous voyons souvent.
Lucie and I see each other often.
Vous vous connaissez?
Do you all know each other?


text: "With its star-shaped beak and five-toed claws, the Spiderbird is an anomaly of the avian kingdom. It previously lived a strange life bound in solitude. Restricted to specific habitats, the Spiderbird has trouble mating, females ovulate only briefly and males do not survive copulation in order to spawn again. Lady Spiderbirds must produce many eggs to lower the mortality rate of its kind. These gelatinous eggs are highly vulnerable to predation, so she protects her sacred brood in massive, elaborate nestwebs ranging up to five feet tall and several feet wide. Thankfully, the life of the Spiderbird is looking less grim as a new phenomenon has recently been uncovered. Flocks of likeminded mother Spiderbirds are intertwining nestwebs to further insulate and cradle their clutch while trapping predators. This new adaptation showcases the deep capacities of motherhood, partnership and the intrinsic will to survive. This communal nestweb represents the first of its kind observed in captivity."


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Publication Date : 15 September 2012
The EPUB edition contains embedded music files that play in Apple's iBooks for iPad and iPhone and in the desktop EPUB reader Calibre. Other readers don't currently support audio.
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This ethnomusicological and organological study of the Paraguayan diatonic harp in the twentieth century tells its story as an emblematic national musical instrument. First used liturgically by Jesuit missions in colonial times, the transplanted European diatonic harp was transformed and adopted into the folk music vocabulary of Paraguay and the Río de la Plata region. Following the commercial success of Paraguayan harpist Félix Pérez Cardozo in the 1930s in Argentina, the instrument's symbolic value as an icon of social, cultural, and national identity was articulated in local traditions such as popular folk music festivals. It received the designation of arpa paraguaya (Paraguayan harp) and, in 2010, official recognition as símbolo de la cultura nacional (cultural national symbol).
The book integrates an account of the historical and musical development of the diatonic harp in Paraguay, an analysis of the musical contributions by harp composers and performers, a survey of the various traditional genres associated with the instrument, and a discussion of the popular and academic settings where the instrument has been cultivated and performed in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The author's fieldwork in Paraguay and continuous contact with composers, educators, festival organizers, harp performers, researchers, and festival organizers have provided unique insights into the development of the Paraguayan harp tradition as a cultural icon of the nation.
This book will be of interest to a large and varied audience, including scholars and professionals in the fields of musicology and ethnomusicology, Latin American specialists, historians, libraries, harp performers and other musicians, and general readers interested in the history of musical instruments and culture.


The venture of self-fashioning in Mughal India
The venture of self-fashioning in Mughal India
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Title: The venture of self-fashioning in Mughal India
Author: Chakrabarti, Ishan
Abstract: Individuality – both as a philosophical category and a way of living – forms the focal point of a resonance between our times and the 17th-century. Impelled by this haunting resonance, and in an attempt to understand it, my paper examines the literary history of biographical writing in both Europe and South Asia, from 560 BCE to 1700 CE. What is it about the 17th century that is so specific? Why do only these biographies strike us as records of the lives of true individuals? And why do individuals first appear in 17th century South Asia? To adequately comprehend this nomadic literary genre, we must abstract ourselves from the geography and examine the thematic aspects of our texts. I suggest it is imperative to look at modes of life as they are formed over time, across Europe and South Asia. That is, we most focus on the philosophically-rich questions of the categories that structured lives. Pausing in the 17th century, I examine the Viaggi of Pietro Della Valle (an Italian traveler in Turkey, Iran and South Asia) and the Ardhakathānaka of Banārasīdāsa (the first Indian autobiography, comprising the records of a Jain merchant roaming South Asia). For just one generation, from _PHONE_, autobiographical writing becomes an ethical practice by which they reflect on and build individuality.
Department: Asian Studies
Subject: South Asia India Individuality Philosophy History Europe Renaissance
Date: 2010-05
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