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Handscroll; ink and color on paper
18 1/2 x 65 3/4 in. (47 x 167 cm)
Bequest of John M. Crawford Jr., 1988 (1989.363.5)
The right side of this handscroll dates to the late twelfth or early thirteenth century, when China was ruled by the Jin dynasty; the left side was inscribed and illustrated during the fourteenth-century Yuan period. Essential to Mongol culture, the tireless and agile Central Asian horse had long been praised in China as the "celestial steed." During the Mongol period, it came to symbolize the prompt success, rapid conquest, and easy communication that united the empire. The familiarity with which the Mongol rider on the left sits bareback, nonchalantly looking at the two other horses, suggests the intimate relationship the Mongols had with their inseparable companions.


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Inspiring and promoting awareness & exploration of cybersecurity careers
SAVE THE DATE: for National Cybersecurity Career Awareness Week, November 11-16, 2019
Mark your calendars for November 11-16, 2019, to celebrate National Cybersecurity Career Awareness Week across the country. Join us in promoting awareness & exploration of cybersecurity careers by hosting an event, participating in an event near you, or engage students with cybersecurity content!
WHAT IS NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY CAREER AWARENESS WEEK?
The National Cybersecurity Career Awareness Week (NCCAW) focuses local, regional, and national interest to inspire, educate, and engage children through adults to pursue careers in cybersecurity. National Cybersecurity Career Awareness Week takes place during November's National Career Development Month, and each day of the week-long campaign provides for learning about the contributions and innovations, and the plethora of job opportunities that can be found by exploring cybersecurity as a field of study or career choice.
During the week, learners of all ages, educators, parents, employers, and the community will participate in a national recognition of how cybersecurity plays a vital role in the lives of Americans and how building a national cybersecurity workforce enhances America's national security and promotes economic prosperity. Learn More
- Create excitement around increasing public awareness and engagement in building a strong cybersecurity workforce.
- Emphasize the demand and opportunities in the field of cybersecurity.
- Increase awareness around the multiple career options within the field of cybersecurity.
- Highlight the numerous pathways to enter the cybersecurity career field.
- Showcase resources and programs, including those that increase participation of women, minorities, veterans, persons with disabilities, and other underrepresented populations in the cybersecurity workforce.
There are many ways to participate in the National Cybersecurity Career Awareness Week movement. Examples include:
NCCAW 2019 Toolkit

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Does dental insurance cover IV sedation?
Does Insurance Cover Sedation Dentistry? Unfortunately, most dental insurance companies and standard plans do not cover the cost of sedation dentistry. As disappointing as it may be, this out-of-pocket expense should never keep you from seeking treatment.
Is IV sedation expensive?
The cost of intravenous sedation is a lot higher than laughing gas sedation. The price for IV deep sedation dentistry can be between $300 – $1000 depending on how long the sedation dentist takes to perform the procedures.
How do I get dental insurance to cover anesthesia?
How much does it cost to be sedated?
Depending on the type of sedation used, costs range from a few hundred dollars to more than a thousand. Light sedation, using oral sedatives or nitrous oxide gas, usually costs anywhere from $200 to $300. This cost does not include the cost of the dental treatment and only reflects the cost of sedation.
IMPORTANT: You asked: Is depression a adjective?
Can a general dentist do IV sedation?
Not if you get the necessary training. Again, most dentists can administer local and minimal sedation, but it takes specialized training and completion of a program in deep sedation and general anesthesia through the Commission of Dental Accreditation (CODA) to utilize more complex options.
Are you awake with IV sedation?
Do you feel anything with IV sedation?
Once the IV is inserted and the sedative drugs are delivered, you will not remember anything and you will not feel any pain. Though IV sedative dental drugs are delivered, it is still necessary to use local anesthesia. Local anesthesia is necessary because the nerves in your mouth and teeth will still feel pain if Dr.
Is dental sedation safe?
Is IV sedation better than general anesthesia?
Patients generally have a shorter recovery time with IV sedation than they do with oral sedation or general anesthesia. Eases severe anxiety – Even patients dealing with severe anxiety can benefit from IV sedation, since it delivers a stronger level of sedation.
How much does nitrous cost at the dentist?
How much does it cost to have nitrous oxide at the dentist? The average cost to the patient for nitrous oxide is $50. Some offices charge this fee on a per-hour basis, and some charge it on a per-visit basis. Some offices build the cost of nitrous oxide sedation into their procedural fee structure.
IMPORTANT: Is there a generic version of Seroquel?
Will the dentist put me to sleep if I ask?
Can the Dentist put me to Sleep for Treatment? The short answer to this question is 'Yes', your dentist can put you to sleep for treatment. However, a technique known as 'conscious sedation' has replaced general anaesthesia in modern dentistry.
Why does sedation cost so much?
All things considered, the collection rate for oral and IV sedation is greater than nitrous oxide due to most office policies requiring payment in advance of treatment. The justification for such policies lies in the fact that large blocks of time are set aside for these long, productive appointments.
What's better laughing gas or anesthesia?
Laughing gas and nitrous oxide are one in the same—a safe and effective anesthetic administered to dental patients through a mask in an oxygen mixture. Laughing gas won't put you to sleep like general anesthesia. Instead, inhaling this mixture will make you feel a light tingling sensation.
What are the 5 levels of sedation?
Light sedation: Awakens briefly (less than 10 seconds) with eye contact to verbal command. Moderate sedation: Any movement, except eye contact, in response to command. Deep sedation: No response to voice, but any movement to physical stimulation. Unarousable: No response to voice or physical stimulation.
How long does IV sedation take to wear off?
How Long Does IV Sedation Last? IV sedation works quickly, with most people falling asleep in roughly 15 to 30 minutes after it's been administered. Once the IV sedation is removed, you will begin to wake up in about 20 minutes and be fully recovered from all sedative effects within six hours.
IMPORTANT: How do you give Ativan IM?
What is the difference between oral sedation and IV sedation?
The short answer is that IV sedation is better because deeper levels of sedation can be achieved in a very predictable, fast and safe manner. Oral sedation can be used, but the sedative dental drugs take longer to take effect and sometimes the level of sedation may not be right once the drug finally sets in.
Run to meet life


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People generally don't like being stuck between a rock and a hard place, but some plants don't mind at all. In some people's eyes, these hardy plants are the real rock stars of the gardening world.
Rock and alpine plants are some of the toughest plants in the world. They survive in an environment with little or no soil and few nutrients. Alpine plants thrive at an altitude of 2,000 metres, with a few species still clinging to life at close to 3,000 metres.
Because of their environment, their growing season is short - but no less spectacular.
Many converts to rock and alpine gardening were inspired after hiking in the mountains and coming upon a wild garden of alpine flowers in bloom, tended only by Mother Nature.
Many of them have gravitated to the Vancouver Island Rock and Alpine Garden Society, which was founded in Victoria almost 100 years ago. It is the oldest alpine garden club in North America and one of the oldest in the world.
Despite the hobby's pedigree, some neighbours may suspect rock garden enthusiasts have a few rocks in their heads.
"I had a garden with no rocks in it - so I had 10 tonnes of rocks delivered to my house to start my own rock garden," says Paul Spriggs, a member of the club whose garden is shown in these photos.
With such hardy plants and an abundance of rocks in some gardens, one would think that rock plants would be easy to grow. But it's not always the case.
"The common ones are indeed easy to grow," says Spriggs, who is a gardener by trade. "But some of the rare ones can be difficult to grow."
He says the alpine plants are more difficult because they are used to an alpine environment, which is drier and cooler. In the winter, the plants are usually insulated under a layer of snow. In Victoria, the lack of snow and abundance of rain isn't the ideal climate for their survival.
But rock plants are another story. Plants such as Sedum (stonecrop) and Ameria (sea thrift) are hardy and easy to grow in our coastal environment. He recommends people considering a new rock garden start with three A's: Alyssum, Aubretia and Arabis.
All is not lost if homeowners lack rocks in their garden. Spriggs says the newest trend is the creation of crevice gardens. Plants are planted in the natural gaps and fissures between rocks - both natural and man-made. Some have gritty, well-drained soil in the troughs.
Anybody wishing to see a demonstration garden need only visit Beacon Hill Park. Here, over the past 50 years, club members have been cultivating a natural rock outcropping in the park, near Arbutus Way.
The best time to visit the rock garden is in the spring, when the flowers are in bloom. Go on any Saturday morning and you can spend quality time with - and get good advice - from club members faithfully tending the plants.
"It takes time and effort - hundreds of hours of work - to maintain the garden," says Claire Hughes, a volunteer with the club. "But we almost see it as a community service. We have lots of people taking pictures of the garden and quite a number of wedding parties take their pictures with the garden in the background."
She says Victoria, with a climate similar to that of the Mediterranean, is a perfect place for rock garden enthusiasts. Apart from native plants, some of the specimens found in the demonstration garden come from as far away as Middle East countries such as Iran, Iraq and Turkey. Others come from Mediterranean countries and some from the Alps.
The club has compiled a 50-year botanical history of every plant that has been planted in the garden.
Interest in hobbies such as rock gardening goes through natural cycles. Hughes notes that, with its 100-year history, interest in the club may have "gone full circle several times." She has recently noticed a number of younger people signing up because of the popularity of crevice gardening.
The Vancouver Island Rock and Alpine Garden Society is a non-profit society. It has an annual fundraiser in the form of a two-day show in midApril. At the event, visitors can see demonstration gardens and rock and alpine plants from around the world. Depending on the weather, various plants will be in bloom. Expect early blooms from plants such as Kabschia Saxifrages and late ones from Campanulas and Gentians. Specialty nurseries will sell plants on both days, with members' plants available for purchase at 11 a.m. on Saturday. Admission is by donation. The show runs April 13 from 1 to 8 p.m. and April 14 from 9 a.m. to 3: 30 p.m. at the Cadboro Bay United Church, 2625 Arbutus Rd. For more information, go to www.virags.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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... * Marketing – keppla Jul 25 '11 at 10:04
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Common sense does not correspond to learning anti patterns, nor is it different from, or in contrast to best practice.
The first problem with common sense is its name - it leads to the conclusion that it is both common and sensible. As commonly used, it is subject to attack on both counts. Using your example:
It is my understanding that this is not the way that anti-patterns arise. It is from an accretion of cultural and social factors; of disregarding best practices and standards over a substantial period; of ignoring the costs in the future to achieve short term benefits - for example to meet a deadline by using a short cut solution that is a maintenance nightmare; etc. No body sets out to adopt an anti-pattern deliberately - they just grow.
Equally, common sense is far too often used to mean "that that is done commonly", and justifying lack of thought, insight, and hard work in resolving what is involved in providing a solution. It is also used as justification for "its the way I do it, so obviously it is common sense" - and as a defense against review and criticism.
As far as best practices are concerned _USER_'s first two paragraphs are an excellent summary of what best practice should be - a resource to assist everybody to improve what they do. It also provides transparency of decisions (design decisions particularly) and the capability to learn from others. The downside of best practice is when it generates a checklist culture - "I've ticked all the boxes, so what I've done must be alright" - without applying thought, care and attention to the nature of the applicability of the checklist.
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This is a slippery slope argument that often devolves into a religious war.
Almost any best practice can be countered with a valid case for doing the opposite.
Some best practices are more "best" than others. Global state variables are almost always better done a different way and GOTO is usually a bad idea, but when you get into the pattern/anti-pattern or direct data/abstracted data arguments it gets a little less clear. Even more so when you start talking about development methodologies and practices.
In some situations common sense and best practices are even in opposition to each other.
There is no governing body of best practices and no single group even if it did exist could define every possible "best" for every possible situation. Many things labeled as best practices are just bad marketing trying to sell uninformed individuals tools or training.
Even when your entire team agrees that something is best it is not always possible to implement it that way for various constraining factors.
IMHO you have to use best practice as a guide as to what to consider more carefully in your design. You may have a valid reason for deviating, but you probably need to make certain that everyone else on the team agrees before you go and build something odd.
Some of the arguments about best practices after that point pretty much boil down to not building something that the next developer that has to work on it will hate. Everyone hates code that isn't their style, and everyone blames everything on anyone that leaves, so either you are going to explain it to the next dev after they grumble about something, or you aren't going to be there and get talked bad of regardless of how you code it. This makes that concern mostly irrelevant.
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Common sense does not always yield the best results. Best practices, however, have been tried. This makes best practices a more reliable source of information.
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The best practices aren't best, and common sense isn't common. ;-)
For either best practices or common sense, I like to think of them as patterns; Remember the definition of a pattern: A solution in a context resolving forces into a resulting context.
For anything you want to do, you should know the context that it applies to, the forces it resolves, and the resulting context that it creates. Then, decide on your team what the patterns you are going to generally use are. (This can be formal or informal, but either way, it's much larger than just the Gang of Four book. This includes language idioms and local helper libraries, not just published patterns.)
If you feel, based on your experience, that in a certain circumstance, it would be better not to use a given pattern, but to do something else, let people know. Probably the context or forces are different here (or perhaps the resulting context would be unwanted.) I don't care if it's a meeting, a code comment or what, but if you make it clear that you have broken the pattern on purpose, you'll be miles ahead.
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Best practice is what they teach you at school, Common sense is what the boss wants form you. The former creates software that meets certain standards of elegance, style and such like. The latter pays the bills/makes the money so you get paid each week.
One is art, the other business, too many of us forget it.
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The boss doesnt care about how you rationalize your way of acting, he cares about not having problems. A solution you call 'achieved by common sense' is as good to hims as one 'achieved by following best practices' – keppla Jul 25 '11 at 9:58
Let me rephrase my answer. Best practice is often used as an excuse for over engineering, to the extent that they are synonymous in many software houses. Common Sense is refraining from over engineering in the interest of successful (usually commercial) completion of the project. – mattnz Jul 25 '11 at 22:33
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To exaggerate a little: The difference is Common Sense is Prejudice, Best Practice is (should be) Science
In my experience, 'Common Sense' is used when one does not want to provide proof or at least arguments for a way of doing things. That does not mean the way is neccessarily wrong, but it doesnt mean it is good either.
Among the things i encountered, that were rationalized as beeing common sense are these gems.
 - the HTTP-Method is largely irrelevant, use GET when you transmit little data, use POST when transmitting more (i.e., to much for the URL)
 - functions should not be too small, because it's hard to remember what they do. one big function is preferable to 5 smaller ones, because you can read it as one
 - the database and the webserver MUST run on the same machine, or else the webservice will get to slow. The only way to scale is to speed up the code by hacks and by forgoing abstraction, so that the power of one machine suffices.
The funny thing about 'Common Sense' is, that it is not that common: pick two teams and let them state what they thing is 'common sense', and enjoy the religious wars.
On the other hand, as 'Best Practice' i would consider ways of doing things, that have a little more 'peer review'. To consider something a 'best practice', i would expect it to be formulated clearly enough so that it can be presented as a concept ('structured programming' is best practice, 'gotos are confusing, avoid them' is common sense), and applied more than once, with good results.
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Are you saying that "Best Practice" is always appropriate in every situation, and where best practice is consciously not performed it is bad ("not good"). – mattnz Jul 25 '11 at 22:38
No, i say "Best Practice" has a higher chance of not beeing completely unreasonable, because it survived "peer review", contrary to common sense, which only has to seem reasonable to one person. I am not against implementing something that one consideres "common sense", i am against justifying anything as common sense. – keppla Jul 26 '11 at 19:51
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text:
Following the passing of a European Union law back in 2007, the most common ingredient in the popular party drug known as "poppers" switched from isobutyl nitrate to isopropyl nitrate. A report published in a recent edition of The Lancet has highlighted a 30-year-old white man who suffered bilateral central vision loss as a result of inhaling poppers. Researchers from the UK fear more cases of what they call "poppers maculopathy" will be reported due to the drug's ingredients.
"Over the past 18 months or so I have come across almost 10 patients with poppers maculopathy, whilst several years ago I had not even heard of the condition, same with a lot of my colleagues. I felt it was important to raise the issue and increase awareness," Dr. Anna Gruener, lead researcher from the Department of Ophthalmology at Guy's and St Mary's Foundation Trust in London told Reuters Health. "I would like people to realize that poppers can potentially be very damaging, that there is no cure for poppers maculopathy and that prevention — avoidance of poppers — is therefore key."
According to Gruener and her colleagues, the man had no history of macular degeneration prior to their examination. Although they were unable to provide a direct reason that explained why poppers caused damage to central photoreceptors, they were able to establish a clear cause and effect relationship. When the research checked in with the man six months after stopping his use of poppers, they discovered that his visual acuity did not improve, meaning his vision loss could be permanent.
"People seemed to regard poppers as relatively safe, and visual loss from inhalation of poppers was unheard of," Gruener said in regard to the 1970s, when the drug was popular among members of the gay community. "People came up with the name 'poppers' as the lids or caps of the glass vials or tubes that contained the liquid had to be 'popped off' before the contents could be inhaled."
Cases of poppers maculopathy were reported by French ophthalmologists in 2010 and 2011 after several patients suffering from central vision loss admitted to using the alkyl nitrite compound. The first cases involving vision loss caused by poppers use in the UK were reported in 2012. Poppers, which start off as a liquid before turning into gas at room temperature, relax blood vessels leading to sudden drops in blood pressure and muscle relaxation. Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, and headaches.
Source: Jeffries M, El Housseini Z, Whitefield L, Gruener A. Poppers maculopathy. The Lancet. 2014.


text:
Sorry, the eBook that you are looking for is not available right now.
We did a search for other eBooks with a similar title, and found some results for you that may be helpful.
This book examines the management of Procuring Complex Performance (PCP) in large-scale programmes that includes the downstream support phase in sectors such as construction, healthcare, transport, aerospace, marine and defence. It brings together a series of edited chapters to explain why the traditional combination of linear project management and highly detailed contracts are now unsuited to the dynamics of emerging customer requirements based on performance and outcome. Working with leading business professors across the UK and Europe, Caldwell and Howard present the case for why large-scale programmes of world class organizations often represent a shifting frontier between the boundaries of public-private provision and silos of operations expertise. Adopting a procurement perspective, the authors explain how complex performance means not just coping with the dynamics of buyer-supplier relationships, but incorporates the shift from production orientation towards availability of bundled services such as maintenance and upgrade delivered over extended, often multi-decade timeframes.
The strength of 'PCP' is its empirical case-based support for new business models based on through-life management, availability contracting and service support which challenge simplistic notions of dyadic, hierarchical relationships and transfer of risk to the supply base. This unique publication is essential reading for scholars and practitioners seeking to understand the context of innovation and supply as a coordinated and integrated approach to managing and procuring complex performance.
Published: 25th August 2010


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Marcescence is the retention of dead plant organs that normally are shed. It is most obvious in deciduous trees that retain leaves through the winter. Several trees normally have marcescent leaves such as oak (Quercus), beech (Fagus) and hornbeam (Carpinus), or marcescent stipules as in some but not all species of willows (Salix). Marcescent leaves of pin oak (Quercus palustris) complete development of their abscission layer in the spring. The base of the petiole remains alive over the winter. Many other trees may have marcescent leaves in seasons where an early freeze kills the leaves before the abscission layer develops or completes development. Diseases or pests can also kill leaves before they can develop an abscission layer.
Marcescent leaves may be retained indefinitely and do not break off until mechanical forces (wind for instance) cause the dry and brittle petioles to snap.
Many palms form a skirt-like or shuttlecock-like crown of marcescent leaves under new growth that may persist for years before being shed. In some species only juveniles retain dead leaves and marcescence in palms is considered a primitive trait.
The term marcescent is also used in mycology to describe a mushroom which (unlike most species, described as "putrescent") can dry out, but later revive and continue to disperse spores. Genus Marasmius is well known for this feature, which was considered taxonomically important by Elias Magnus Fries in his 1838 classification of the fungi.
One possible advantage of marcescent leaves is that they may deter feeding of large herbivores, such as deer and moose, which normally eat the twigs and their nutritious buds. Dead, dry leaves make the twigs less nutritious and less palatable.
Marcescent leaves may protect some species from water stress or temperature stress. For example, in tropical alpine environments a wide variety of plants in different plant families and different parts of the world have evolved a growth form known as the caulescent rosette, characterized by evergreen rosettes growing above marcescent leaves. Examples of plants for which the marcescent leaves have been confirmed to improve survival, help water balance, or protect the plant from cold injury are Espeletia schultzii and Espeletia timotensis, both from the Andes.
The litter-trapping marcescent leaf crown of Dypsis palms accumulate detritus to enhance their nutritient supply. By the same token, palms with marcescent leaf bases are also more susceptible to epiphytic parasites like figs that may completely engulf and strangle the palms.
- Berkley, Earl E. 1931. Marcescent leaves of certain species of Quercus. Botanical Gazette 92: 85-93.
- George W. Argus. "88. Salix planifolia Pursh". Flora of North America 7.
- Hoshaw, R.W. and Guard, A.T. 1949. "Abscission of marcescent leaves of Quercus palustris and Q. coccinea". Botanical Gazette 110: 587–593.
- Addicott, Fredrick T. (1982). Abscission. University of California Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-520-04288-9.
- L.B. Holm-Nielsen, ed. (1989). Tropical Forests: Botanical Dynamics, Speciation & Diversity. Academic Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-08-098445-2.
- Dowe, John (2010). Australian Palms: Biogeography, Ecology and Systematics. Csiro Publishing. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-643-10185-2.
- Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W. (2008). Genera Palmarum: the evolution and classification of palms. Kew Pub. p. 294. ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2.
marcescent in immature [descriptive of several spp.]
- Moore, Harold Emery; Uhl, Natalie W. (1982). Major Trends of Evolution in Palms. New York Botanical Garden. p. 69.
- See introduction to Roy E. Halling "A revision of Collybia s.l. in the northeastern United States & adjacent Canada" Inst. of Syst. Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126
- E. M. Fries Epicrisis systematis mycologici (1838) Uppsala: Typographia Academica
- Svendsen, Claus R. 2001. Effects of marcescent leaves on winter browsing by large herbivores in northern temperate deciduous forests. Alces 37(2): 475-482.
- Goldstein, G. and Meinzer, F.1983. Influence of insulating dead leaves and low temperatures on water balance in an Andean giant rosette plant. Plant, Cell & Environment 6: 649-656.
- Smith, Alan P.1979. Function of dead leaves in Espeletia schultzii (Compositae), and Andean caulescent rosette species. Biotropica 11: 43-47.
- Bramwell, David; Caujapé-Castells, Juli (2011-07-21). The Biology of Island Floras. Cambridge University Press. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-139-49780-0.
- Kramer, Gregory T. (2011). "Palm Tree Susceptibility to Hemi-Epiphytic Parasitism by Ficus". (M.S. thesis). University of Florida.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marcescence.|
- Narration and video about marcescence


deer running
Deer Hunting.ws
(Whitetail Specialist)
The Nation's New Public
Deer Hunting Spot
 Back to home page of Deer hunting.
Deer hunting - Deer hunts - whitetail hunting.
Deer Hunting Offers Much More than Mere Sport
By: Ray La Foy
There's just something about the thrill of the chase that's perhaps even more appealing to deer hunters than the actual kill itself. A process that harkens back to primeval times, hunting is about more than the act itself. In days gone by, it was nothing more than basic survival - the food chain in action. Today, there are other means for obtaining food, but that doesn't mean the hunt is any less appealing or important. In fact, people in many parts of the world still rely on the skill of hunters for their food. And those who don't still have in their ranks those who enjoy the sport. But what is it about deer hunting that draws so many enthusiasts today?
There are many reasons why deer hunting remains a strong favorite among hunters. Perhaps one of the top reasons cited is the fact that the end result is something that can be used. While some hunters enjoy the act only, most prefer to only kill what they and their family and friends will eat and use. In the case of deer, the animal does not go to waste. Its meat is edible; its hide useable and so on.
Deer hunting is so popular in North America, for example, that a number of hunting clubs exists in all parts of the country to help hunters further their sport. Private clubs and even some associations exist that cater to deer hunters. These clubs serve a number of purposes, but most include the preservation of habitat for the animals, social activities, lobbying efforts to protect land and hunting rights and so on.
Deer hunting clubs tend to exist in two major forms:
* Associations/social clubs that help hunters get together and book trips, discuss techniques and so on. By banding together for excursions, hunters often can take advantage of group rates, or at least group planning, to visit remote areas where the hunting is ripe and the wilderness vast. These clubs, especially the larger-scale ones, are also active in hunting issues and preservation efforts.
* Cooperative clubs. These tend to exist to help hunters lease private property on which to hunt. By joining together, hunters can ensure land is available for not only hunting, but also to support wildlife. The leases on private hunting grounds can be expensive, but when land is lease or purchased outright by hunting cooperatives, it helps ensure the habitat is available, something that's become a big issue in these development happy days.
Whether the associations and clubs have just a few members or are national undertakings, the goals are basically the same. Hunters, for the most part, are out not only to catch their quarry, but also to protect the lands on which they sport. Hunting in and of itself is actually a necessary sport, which is why it's allowed under the law. When animal herds are too big, their members may face starvation during the cold and food short winter months. By thinning the herds, hunters tend to help Mother Nature along and ensure a population that's strong and stable.
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These considerations therefore show that Wisdom is both Scientific Knowledge and Intuitive Intelligence as regards the things of the most exalted1 nature. This is why people say that men like Anaxagoras and Thales2 'may be wise but are not prudent,' when they see them display ignorance of their own interests; and while admitting them to possess a knowledge that is rare, marvellous, difficult and even superhuman, they yet declare this knowledge to be useless, because these sages do not seek to know the things that are good for human beings.
1 See 7.3, third note.
2 Thales was the first of the Seven Wise Men: Anaxagoras belonged to a later generation.
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T13-S2. Metal ore deposits in the EU – chances for the future
Torsten Graupner (_EMAIL_)
Frank Melcher (_EMAIL_)
Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera (_EMAIL_)
We invite everyone working in the fields of Mining and Economic Geology to present the latest scientific results on European ore districts in this session at the conference. The focus of the session is directed at both, new discoveries in European countries and historic mining districts revisited. The investigation of potentials of metals in primary deposits and mine residues, as well as the development of innovative concepts for exploration activities for mineral deposits, mining and ore processing are highly appreciated and welcome. Contributions may also cover all topics of research on formation conditions of metal ore deposits, and their spatial and temporal distribution.


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Eleven videos reconstruct medieval Trondheim
The Cathedral of Nidaros in Trondheim, former Kaupangen, is the northernmost outpost of the European pilgrim roads leading to Santiago, Rome or Jerusalem. In itself it is a sacred place. To this place was brought the body of Óláfr Haraldsson in 1030 after he fell in the famous battle of Stiklestad. The king was first buried south of the city. Miracles at his grave hastily secured a canonisation in August 1031. Around 1035 a wooden chapel was built there, which was replaced with a stone church 1070 – 90; according to tradition St. Olav was enshrined here. In 1152 Nidaros became the seat of the Archdiocese of Nidaros. After the reformation, the shrine was brought to Copenhagen and melted down and the bones of the king were buried at an unmarked place.
Today the pilgrimage route to Nidaros Cathedral, the site of Saint Olav's tomb, has been re-instated, known as Saint Olav's Way. The main route, which is approximately 640 km long, starts in Oslo in the ruins of the Old City (Gamlebyen) and heads North, along the lake Mjøsa, up the valley of Gudbrandsdal, over Dovrefjell and down the valley Oppdal to finally ending at Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim. There is a Pilgrim's Office in Oslo, which gives advice to pilgrims, and a Pilgrim Centre in Trondheim, under the aegis of the Cathedral, which awards certificates to successful pilgrims upon the completion of their journey.
Recently a group of students in Trondheim have produced a number of very interesting videos showing the history of some of the main buildings in the city – The cathedral of Nidaros, the church of Our Lady, the old castle of stone etc. All in all 11 very interesting videos may be watched at YouTube before embarking on your tour from Nidaros to Santiago.


Smelly Drains – Common Causes and What You Can Do About Them
Nowadays we've become so accustomed to smoothly running sewage systems that we have almost forgotten about drain repair. On the contrary, drains tend to suffer from myriad problems. Every year, hundreds of home and business owners call plumbing companies for drain repair.
Blocked and damaged drains throw a number of signs and their wafting smell is one of them. This odour is so pungent sometimes that one is left with no other option rather than run in the opposite direction in disgust. However, before treating this situation, it's better to know about its causes.
Following are Some Common Causes of Smelly Drains:
1. Household Waste: It is undoubtedly the most common cause for a clogged and smelly drain. Food waste from the kitchen and bodily waste from the bathroom clog-up a drain pretty fast. First a small clog plug will get stuck in the drain and then gradually more and more waste will accumulate in the drain. Eventually this clog will start depleting due to which it will produce a bad smell.
2. Construction Debris: While almost all drains contain debris of some kind, serious problems tend to form only when some solid debris like that of construction materials gets stuck. Small pieces of construction materials like rugs, carpets, wood etc. can be accidentally washed down the drain. Due to their odd shape and size, these materials often stay stuck in drains for long and produce smell.
3. Sewage Gas: All drains have a reservoir of water to prevent the flow of sewage gas into the house. However, drains of washrooms that haven't been used for quite some time might start smelling because the reservoir of water in them might have dried-up. So, in order to avoid this, one can simply run a little water every now and then from those drains which are hardly used in the house.
4. External Problems: While the above mentioned problems can still be solved without professional help, but, when drains are clear and still producing foul smell, then the problem might be taking deep inside the drain. For that, it's always good to take help from professional plumbers that can easily detect problems like pipe corrosion, vent blockage, tree root infiltration etc.
5. Outdated Fixtures: Professional plumbers also say that it is often found on checking some drainage systems that although they lacked any kind of clog, still they smelled profusely. The main reason behind this was the inefficient and outdated fixture like S-bend drain etc. Some medieval drainage systems had a high potential for developing drain problems and smell was one of them too.
Whatever the cause be, the bottom line is that smelly drain is hard to live with and therefore one must call drain repair experts as soon as possible. Procrastination of drainage problems brings no good and in fact makes things out of control.


text:
Posts tagged with "Awards"
Posted by Ms. A on 06/13/12
Did you know that audiobooks "count" as reading in our Summer Reading Program? That's because librarians know something you might not; Listening isn't cheating! There are great benefits to hearing stories read aloud. Audiobooks can help your child become a better reader.
- Hearing a book read aloud helps the story come alive. The narrators are very skilled with voices, sound effects, and dramatic emphasis. For example, actress Anne Hathaway narrates The Princess Diaries. An audiobook might be the perfect way to hook your reluctant reader into books.
- Your child might be able to listen to a story that is more complex than he can read on his own. This will help him develop listening and comprehension skills, as well as introduce him to new vocabulary words and help stretch his imagination.
- How many times does your child hear the word, "façade" in everyday conversation? If he sees it in a book, will he be able to pronounce it correctly? Listening to audiobooks helps with pronunciation. It also helps improve understanding. What does it mean when a character responds "ruefully?" An audiobook can express the meaning of this word.
- Audiobooks provide a model of fluent reading and engaging storytelling. Listening to a great story read aloud gives children an example of how to become a better reader and can motivate them to read more.
To choose a great audiobook for your child or for your family to listen to together, ask a librarian for suggestions or visit the American Library's Association's award page for audiobooks. Enjoy!
The Best Book is not always the Gold Medal Winner
Posted by Mizz J on 09/19/11
We all know that; and yet we want to read the one that won. This is especially true of the Newbery Award, but we should remember that several other books also make the cut into this inner circle. They are the Newbery Honor booksalso distinguished. They just didn't win the gold.
Why do I make a point of telling you this? Because the winner of the Newbery Award for 1953 was Secret of the Andes. Guess which title was only a Newbery Honor book? Charlotte's Web. Enough said.
Browse the list of Newbery Honor books which we own. You can also check our website for all the Newbery Award winners.


text:
Peter R.; Schiller, John J.; Smith, Joshua R.; Swords, Sol O. (2001). "High quality factor measured in fused silica". Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (9): 3670. doi:10.1063/_PHONE_.
- Malitson, I. H. (1965). "Interspecimen Comparison of the Refractive Index of Fused Silica". Journal of the Optical Society of America 55 (10): 1205. doi:10.1364/JOSA.55.001205.
- Kitamura, R.; Pilon, L.; Jonasz, M. (2007). "Optical Constants of Silica Glass From Extreme Ultraviolet to Far Infrared at Near Room Temperatures". Applied Optics 46 (33): 8118–8133. doi:10.1364/AO.46.008118.
- Fused silica datapage
- "Frozen Eye to Bring New Worlds into View" Popular Mechanics, June 1931 General Electrics, West Lynn Massachusetts Labs work on large fuzed quartz blocks


text:
Primary intraocular lymphoma: treatment outcomes with ocular radiation therapy alone
Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) treatment in the absence of other involvement of the central nervous system is controversial. We evaluated the outcome of ocular radiation therapy (RT) alone in 18 patients with PIOL who had no imaging evidence of brain or meningeal involvement, treated from 1999 to 2011. Median age at diagnosis was 64 years (range 32-82). Median follow-up was 25 months. Eleven had bilateral ocular involvement. All received external-beam orbital RT to a median dose of 36 Gy. Twelve patients received ocular RT alone; seven remain relapse-free at a median follow-up of 30 months. Five experienced brain or eye recurrence and were effectively salvaged with chemotherapy +/- RT. Six patients received chemotherapy before ocular RT; three relapsed and received salvage therapy. Overall survival (OS) at 2 years was 94%. Two-year freedom-from-relapse was not different between the groups. Ocular RT alone resulted in excellent ocular control of PIOL, and relapses were effectively salvaged.
School of Medicine


From: nCipher Support (supportnCipher.com)
Date: Mon May 13 2002 - 10:44:29 CDT
 In certain circumstances, the nCipher MSCAPI CSP Install Wizard support
 software on Windows 2000 will set the nCipher CSP key generation
 behavior incorrectly. Despite the user requesting Operator Card Set
 protection for keys ('cardset protected keys') that are generated using
 the nCipher CSP, a software error might result in keys being protected
 by the module alone.
 1. Security world
 nCipher's key management modules (nForce/nShield) are generally
 used with nCipher's suite of utilities for managing a 'security
 world'. A security world is a collection of cryptographic keys,
 smart cards, modules and associated data stored on host computers.
 A security world is designed to prevent unauthorized access to
 application keys while maintaining scalability and key availability.
 The core security world secrets are protected by Administrator Cards
 written by the initialization software and kept safe by the user.
 Application keys can either be made available to any nCipher module
 appropriately programmed with the user's Administrator Cards (module
 protected keys) or they can be protected by further smart cards known as
 Operator Cards that provide an additional layer of security.
 2. The nCipher CSP
 If the CSP is set up to use module-protected keys, when applications
 tell the CSP to create a key, it needs no input from the user. If the
 CSP is set up to use Operator Cards and is told to create a key, it
 first looks to see if there are any cards which it can load
 automatically, and uses those if any are present. If not, it prompts
 the user to choose which Operator Card Set to use.
 1. Cause
 The Install Wizard for the nCipher CSP support software on Windows 2000
 offers a check box for controlling whether a key to be generated is
 module protected or to be additionally protected by an Operator Card
 When the Install Wizard is used to create an Operator Card Set then the
 nCipher CSP key generation behaves as requested by the user.
 If cardset protection is selected from the Install Wizard but a new
 Operator Card Set is *not* created, the wizard incorrectly sets the
 nCipher CSPs up to use module protection for all keys that they
 subsequently create.
 2. Impact
 If the user is affected by this issue, any application key generated
 by the nCipher CSP will be incorrectly protected by the module alone,
 rather than by a combination of operator card set and module.
 This means that an attacker, who gains control of any nCipher module,
 has been programmed into the key's security world can gain unauthorized
 access to this key, since no further smart card authorization is
 3. Who May Be Affected
 This problem only affects keys that have been generated by the nCipher
 CSP after the Install Wizard from CD version 5.50 has been run.
 The problem does not affect keys that were
 * generated by any software other than the nCipher CSP, or
 * generated by the nCipher CSP using the Install Wizard from any CD
 other than version 5.50.
 4. How To Tell If You Are Affected
 To find out whether you're affected, run 'c:\nfast\bin\csputils.exe -d'
 from the command line. This will give you a detailed summary of all your
 containers and information for the keys they contain.
 Each key (key exchange and/or signature) will have a description
 including whether or not it was generated by the nCipher CSP, its hash,
 and its protection method.
 A cardset protected key (here stored in a container called 'expimptst')
 will have an entry like the following (lines have been truncated for
 Detailed report for container ID _TAG_...
 Filename: key_mscapi_container-cbfb7b11909b40ddc50da759d6...
 Container name: expimptst
 User name: NCIPHER\james
 User SID: s-1-5-21-_PHONE_-719136693-34565100-1111
 CSP DLL name: ncsp.dll
 No signature key.
 Filename for key exchange key is key_mscapi_expimptst-ncsp-ujam...
 Key was generated by the CSP
 Key hash: 92c60edf376c26e9ee76db3a2a70dd031636a218
 Key is recoverable.
 Key is cardset protected.
 Cardset name: mscapi-grimsby
 Sharing parameters: 1 of 1 shares required.
 Cardset hash: 4eb80f966c13bd735cb50f29ef19e5e...
 Cardset is persistent.
 and a module protected key will have one like the following:
 Filename: key_mscapi_container-32a16394a3ffe52eb4db1127d8...
 Container name: james
 User name: NCIPHER\james
 CSP DLL name: ncsp.dll
 No signature key.
 Filename for key exchange key is key_mscapi_6fa4c59efefb6c01db6...
 Key was generated by the CSP
 Key hash: 6fa4c59efefb6c01db6eca9f1eadbb17158fc2a8
 Key is recoverable.
 Key is module protected.
 If you have keys unexpectedly module protected when they should be
 cardset protected you are affected by this bug.
 1. Users who have NOT already created a key with the wrong protection
 In order to force MSCAPI applications to generate cardset protected keys
 a file 'wizardfix.reg' should be created containing the following text:
 Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
 This file can then be run by the user to change the appropriate registry
 entry that determines the behavior of key generation using the nCipher
 Alternatively, the user can edit the registry value specified above
 directly using 'regedit'.
 The registry setting must be reset using either of the above methods
 after each invocation of the affected nCipher CSP Install Wizard.
 2. Users who have already created a key which is erroneously module
 Users who have already generated keys which were intended to be cardset
 protected, but due to this error are not, are advised to apply the above
 registry fix and generate new keys. nCipher recommends against
 converting existing module-protected keys to cardset-protected status,
 since it is extremely difficult to do this in a way that increases
 You can obtain copies of this advisory, advice on obtaining a patch kit,
 and supporting documentation from the nCipher security advisories Web
 Further information
 General information about nCipher products:
 nCipher Developer's Guide and nCipher Developer's Reference
 nCipher Support
 nCipher customers who require support or further information regarding
 this problem should contact supportncipher.com.
 (c) nCipher Corporation Ltd. 2002
 $Id: advisory3.txt,v 1.19 2002/05/10 17:18:11 mknight Exp $


text:
Work: Nocturnes (3) for Piano, Op. 15: no 2 in F sharp major
About This Work
Although composed just a few years after the Op. 9 Nocturnes, Frédéric Chopin's three Nocturnes, Op.15 (dedicated to friend and fellow pianist/composer Ferdinand Hiller) show a distinct stylistic advance over the earlier group. The
emphasis on consummate mastery of the "salon" style, so crucial an element of the composer's earlier music, is abandoned in favor of a far more personal approach: here we can speak of the melodic contours and depth of feeling as being typically "Chopinesque."
The second piece of the Op. 15 set is perhaps the most famous, cast in the superbly pianistic (but still musically exotic) key of F sharp major. Here is a flawless miniature, equal to the composer's best efforts from his later years. In the hands of a capable performer the flowing opening melody has the power to transport audiences in a way seldom achieved by composers of even the highest echelon. The central Doppio movimento (double tempo) section grows from an initial sotto voce texture to a brief climax of fiery abandon, all the more evocative because of its extreme compactness, with a repetitive quintuplet figure (still a musical oddity in 1833) running throughout. The nineteenth-century German pianist and teacher Theodor Kullak remarked that the return of the heavenly opening theme "touches one like a benediction."
Select a specific Performer or Label or browse recordings by Formats & Featured below


text:
- Conference date: 15-17 November 2004
- Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)
With the advent of the new generation of X‐ray satellites (Chandra and XMM‐Newton), for the first time X‐ray spectroscopy with unprecedented spectral resolution is now available for extra‐solar objects. In particular, the He‐like line ratios are powerful diagnostic tools for a variety of plasmas such as collisional (e.g., stellar coronae), and/or photo‐ionized (e.g., Active Galactic Nuclei) plasmas. I will show how these ratios can be used to infer the density, the electron temperature (and ionization processes) of the plasma. I will review the advantages and limitations of these diagnostics, and the perspectives with Astro‐E2, Constellation X and XEUS.
- Plasma diagnostics
- Plasma temperature
- Active galaxies
- Ionization processes
Data & Media loading...
Article metrics loading...


text:
Understand the concept in different scenarios
In this blog I will try to clarify precision, recall, and threshold concepts in classification problems. I will present different scenarios to show the importance of precision/recall, and weakness of accuracy at some cases. I also aim to provide some insight into how threshold can affect the models performance and effectiveness. I assume the reader has some knowledge about the subject and will not start from the ground-zero. I will try to visualize the concept, provide a well-demonstrated example, show way to improve the effectiveness of model and present the formulation and try to keep these simple.
It is important to understand metrics to evaluate our model. Even tough accuracy is a well-known metric for evaluation of a classifier, in some cases, especially if data is imbalanced, or there are some cost associated with predicting one class better than the other, we will be required to use other metrics.
Most of the time it is thought that precision, recall are metrics to evaluate different classifiers. Additionally, we can use those metrics along with the decision threshold concept to improve our model's performance according to our needs.
In an ML/DL problem after doing immense calculation, coding in the background, evaluating performance and sometimes explaining your boss the results may be quite tricky. It is important to understand users' needs and tailor the model according to those needs.
Lets see some example scenarios to understand recall and precision.
Imagine you are working on a classification problem trying to find disease + patients. There is a treatment for disease+ patients but it has some serious side effects and also very expensive to apply to patients. So your boss would want to be sure that, when your model says it is a disease+, it should be (almost) surely a positive. There is no tolerance to get a diseaseas disease+, however he/she agrees to miss some disease+ patients and not to apply treatment.
Similar to that one, you are working on a classifier that classifies fighter aircraft in the air as hostile or friendly. If it is a hostile then the target would be destroyed. So you wouldn't want to destroy a friendly target by misclassifying it. In this scenario, there is no tolerance to label a friendly aircraft as a hostile aircraft.
In above two cases, when your models claim that the sample as a target, you would want to be quite sure that it is a hostile aircraft. (But, eventually you might be agree that you can miss some targets)
But in some other scenarios, your interest might be different.
Let's say, you are working for an insurance company and designing a health care system trying to detect a certain disease in an early phase of illness based on some measurements and then apply further examinations based on this prediction to avoid some future undesired situations. Let's assume the cost of further examination is cheap and easy to apply. So, in this model, you would want to keep as many positives as possible in your output. Your model's predictions must cover almost all possible positives and you wouldn't want to miss a positive. (Yes, if it is that much cheap to apply a treatment why not apply to all?)
Similarly in a surveillance system you would like to detect every possible intrusion without any exception and take some further actions to identify if it is a real threat or not, maybe employing a human to check every positive detection by your model.
So what is going on in technical terms:
Scenario 1 & 2:
In those scenarios, I am looking or a high precision. Which means, when my model claims it as POSITIVE, I expect it with a high percentage that it is a POSITIVE. In other words, I don't want to see (almost) any NEGATIVEs in my POSITIVEly classified samples.
In math terms, the ratio of the number of TRUEly classified POSITIVEs to the number of targets classified as POSITIVE is called precision and it should be as high as possible.
So, what is said above can be formulated as: (I intentionally left some words as uppercase since they refer to confusion matrix elements.)
precision = (the number of TRUEly classified samples as POSITIVE)/(the number of TRUEly and FALSEly classified samples as POSITIVE)
The ratio of TRUEly classified POSITIVEs to the entire POSITIVEs should be as high as possible.
In plain English, when the model says it is POSTITIVE, I should be able to trust it!!!
Scenario 3 & 4:
In those scenarios, I am looking for a high recall rate. Which means, I want my model not to miss any POSITIVEs.
Recall is more simple, out of total POSITIVEs, how many of them are classified TRUEly as POSITIVE.
In math terms, the ratio of the number of TRUEly classified samples as POSITIVE to the total number of POSITIVEs in the sample set.
recall = (the number of TRUEly classified samples as POSITIVE) / ((the number of TRUEly classified samples as POSITIVE)+(the number of FALSEly classified samples as NEGATIVE — in fact POSITIVE)(so all POSITIVEs))
Here is the confusion matrix showing all TRUE/FALSE POSITIVE/NEGATIVE cells for calculations.
Threshold is an important concept related to precision and recall. That is a parameter that changes the values of both metrics. Also allows us to adjust our model according to our priorities, as described in above scenarios.
The basic idea behind threshold concept is that the model gives a score (or probability) for each sample, if that score is greater than a threshold, that sample is assigned to the positive class, if less than that value the sample is aggigned to the negative class. So in fact, the threshold determines which sample goes to which class.
Let's see how threshold affects precision, recall in a scenario. I pick the second scenario.
Let's assume that there are 20 aircraft in the air 10/10 hostile and friendly. Reds are hostile and blues are friendly. I collected the data, made some data-preparation and trained the model as binary classifier. My model gives a score for each sample, and by comparing this score to a "threshold" value, it is determined whether it is a positive (hostile) or negative (friendly). For simplicity, the model scores are shown in the dimension of an aircraft. That means if the score is higher for that sample then it is shown in the exhibit bigger in size. From right to left I change threshold and will see how the precision and recall will be affected. The two tables below show the true labels and predicted classes based on the scores and threshold. The plot in the right-bottom shows the change of precision and recall at each level of threshold. As you will notice, while moving the threshold to the left precision gets lower, recall increases, and accuracy remains the same. It is a good example that accuracy is not changing while precision and recall shows fluctuations.
As an example the results in plain English can be stated as:
PRECISION : Model's positive claims are 100% correct
RECALL : Model correctly predicts 30% of total positives
ACCURACY : Model's accuracy is 65%
PRECISION : Model's positive claims are 80% correct
RECALL : Model correctly predicts 40% of total positives
ACCURACY : Model's accuracy is 65%
Here is the code that calculates the metrics and also generates the plot.
It is also a good practice to plot precision vs recall and see the trade-off and make a decision.
- Unfortunately, you can't have it both ways: increasing precision reduces recall, and vice versa. This is called the precision/recall trade-off.
- Precision, recall is also good metrics to evaluate different classifiers.
- F1 is not mentioned, which gives similar weights to precision and recall.
Question to think about:
Regarding the hostile aircraft detection problem, how would you change your threshold if the inspected target is getting closer to your border? Would you think about different thresholds for different situations?
Keep in mind:
Fine-tuning and presentation are important steps of your analysis.
The purpose of this article was to demonstrate precision, recall and the effect of threshold on the performance of a model.
I hope it helps. And if you are happy to read, please clap along :)
You can find the code here.


text:
The spirit of science education described in this document is based on the premise that science is an evolving, active process within the creation of God. To do science, students will be actively engaged in posing questions, designing experiments to gain information related to their questions, and communicating their ideas within the classroom "community of scientists." Experiencing science that is inquiry-driven enables students to become immersed in scientific ways of thinking that are both distinct and complimentary to other content areas. The process of inquiry is central to science learning and builds a foundation that will enable students to experience science as a dynamic, human enterprise. It is in this spirit of inquiry that students will experience the simplicity, the great diversity, the interdependence of the physical and biotic aspects of nature, and the enormity of God's plan.
Link to Science Standards and Benchmarks pdf


text:
64 interesting texts to translate from English to French. The 16 topics follow the A Level WJEC topic list, so you can always find a text to match what students are working on.
Each text is accompanied by a series of 3 grammar exercises using the translation as its base. The teacher can choose from two separate methods:
- Use the text-based grammar tasks before translation to familiarise weaker learners with the language needed for the translation
- Use once the translation has been completed to give further language practice.
Each text also includes an example full translation broken down into 15 points. These can be used for the teacher's reference or for students to selfor peer-mark.
- Global warming
- Nuclear energy
- Renewable energies
- The role of the media
- Social exclusion and integration
- The world of work
'It is a thoughtful resource where students can engage actively in current sociocultural topics. It helps them enlarge their vocabulary, gain good understanding of grammar and facilitates teaching the process of translation.' – V Calderon de la Barca, Proofreader, Writer and Independent Reviewer
'It is what I have been trawling the Internet for for three years! A thorough and well planned resource which meets the needs of a busy teacher. It could answer a lot of A level teachers' calls for help!' – S Gibbons, MFL Teacher and Independent Reviewer
Price is £99 — Includes photocopiable master with site licence; electronic copies available. Orders are normally dispatched in 2-5 working days.
Click here for full details and to order.


Node Tutorial Part 12
Alex R. Young
tutorials server node lmawa nodepad npm express
Node Tutorial Part 12
Posted by Alex R. Young on.
tutorials server node lmawa nodepad npm express
Node Tutorial Part 12
Posted by Alex R. Young on.
Welcome to part 12 of Let's Make a Web App, a tutorial series about
building a web app with Node. This series will
walk you through the major areas you'll need to face when building your
own applications. These tutorials are tagged with
Previous tutorials:
Updating Mongoose
Mongoose 1.0.0 has been released, which changes the API quite
significantly. In particular, model definitions are very different to
the version we were using. I've updated the app to use Mongoose 1.0.7 so
you'll be able to learn how to use the new API.
Because we've locked all of our packages to versions using npm's
_USER_ syntax, it's easy to switch between versions of a
package. The new version of Mongoose can be installed like this:
npm install mongoose@1.0.7
I then went through and updated the requires:
mongoose = require('mongoose@1.0.7')
The file that needs the most changes is
models.js. Let's look at the Document model to see how it can be
defined with the new API.
Document Model
Mongoose 1.0 models are defined using Schema objects. Once
they've been defined it's possible to decorate them with virtual
attributes and middleware. Virtual attributes are getters and setters,
and middleware is a convenient way of injecting functions into key
lifecycle events.
The schema just defines attributes and their associated properties --
validations can even be defined. Nodepad's Document model
is actually very simple:
var Schema = mongoose.Schema,
 ObjectId = Schema.ObjectId;
Document = new Schema({
 'title': { type: String, index: true },
 'data': String,
 'tags': [String],
 'user_id': ObjectId
I've defined an index on the title attribute, and told Mongoose what
types I want to use. Notice that the tag array (which is currently
unused) is defined using [String] rather than
Array or some other collection type.
Once a schema has been defined it's important to tell Mongoose about it:
mongoose.model('Document', Document);
Now the Document model can be used like this:
All of these commands will be queued if there isn't a database
connection yet.
User Model
The User schema is a bit more complicated. We need to
validate the presence of an email address and password. It's easy for
email addresses:
function validatePresenceOf(value) {
 return value && value.length;
User = new Schema({
 'email': { type: String, validate: [validatePresenceOf, 'an email is required'], index: { unique: true } },
 'hashed_password': String,
 'salt': String
Mongoose lets us define functions for validators. It'll also accept a
regular expression.
I haven't defined a password attribute because we don't want to store
the plaintext password. Previously this was defined as a 'getter'; now
it needs to be a virtual attribute:
 .set(function(password) {
 this._password = password;
 this.salt = this.makeSalt();
 this.hashed_password = this.encryptPassword(password);
 .get(function() { return this._password; });
There are a few interesting points here:
 - The syntax for getters and setters requires a call to virtual first
 - The getter and setters are defined with get and set
 - These definitions can be chained
The next thing we need to do is make sure this password is validated. We
can't do it with the schema definition because it's a virtual attribute,
so let's use the new middleware feature instead:
User.pre('save', function(next) {
 if (!validatePresenceOf(this.password)) {
 next(new Error('Invalid password'));
 } else {
I've reused the function from the email validation. This function will
run before save is called. Calling next() will
move to the next middleware or save itself, but passing an
Error will cause the error to be returned to the function
passed to save from Nodepad's app code:
user.save(function(err) {
 if (err) return userSaveFailed();
 //...
The old API wasn't as flexible as this, so I hope middleware makes
switching to the new API worth the effort.
Instance Methods
One thing I couldn't find in the Mongoose
was how to define instance
methods. I tried calling Schema.method and it just happened
to work, so for reference it looks like this:
User.method('authenticate', function(plainText) {
 return this.encryptPassword(plainText) === this.hashed_password;
User.method('makeSalt', function() {
 return Math.round((new Date().valueOf() * Math.random())) + '';
User.method('encryptPassword', function(password) {
 return crypto.createHmac('sha1', this.salt).update(password).digest('hex');
These are the methods we use to make dealing with passwords easier.
The other model in the project, LoginToken, just uses the
same techniques discussed here.
Query Signature Changes
For a start, Model.find().first() no-longer works. We now
need to use findOne:
app.post('/sessions', function(req, res) {
 User.findOne({ email: req.body.user.email }, function(err, user) {
 if (user && user.authenticate(req.body.user.password)) {
 req.session.user_id = user.id;
 //...
Secondly, the query callback signature has changed to
function(err, user). This makes error handling more
convenient but meant I had to change every single finder in the entire
It took me about 3 hours to learn Mongoose 1.0 and port Nodepad to it.
However, Nodepad is a pretty small project, so keep this in mind if
you'd like to move your own projects to the newer API.
This week's code is commit


text:
Purim for kids
Purim, one of the most joyful and energetic holidays of the Jewish calendar, falls on the 8th of March this year. Will you be attending a parade, dressing up in fancy dress or baking some traditional Hamantaschen this year?
by Steven McKinnon, Mindful Mum, March 5th 2012
- What is Purim?
- The story of Purim?
- How is Purim celebrated?
- Hamantaschen recipe
- Watch a video of a Purim fancy dress parade
Purim is a holiday that celebrates the victory of the Jews of Persia over Haman, a royal aide, in the fourth century B.C.E.
Usually occurring in March when calculated with the western calendar, Purim is celebrated on the 14th and 15th of Adar, the twelfth month of the Jewish calendar, and is one of the most fun and joyous of Jewish holidays.
The story of Purim is detailed in the Book of Esther (or the Megillah, which means 'scroll'). The Book recounts how Esther, a Jewish exile, was selected by King Ahasuerus to become his new queen.
However, not long after Esther is crowned, her cousin Mordechai offends the king's right-hand man, the Grand Vizier Haman, by refusing to bow down to him. In retaliation, Haman orders the execution of all the Jewish citizens in Persia on the 13th of Adar.
When Mordechai finds out about this, he sends Esther a message, instructing her to convince the king to halt Haman's annihilation of her people.
Esther tells the king that both she and her people are in danger and the king, outraged that his queen's life has been put in jeopardy, orders Haman's death, bequeathing his estate to Mordechai, and affording Esther the power to overturn his orders.
Esther then gives the Jews the right to protect themselves should anyone still take up arms against them on the 13th of Adar, as per Haman's orders, while the 14th of Adar is spent feasting, and declared to be an annual celebration of Esther's victory of Hadar.
Purim is one of the most rapturous holidays in the Jewish calendar, and is celebrated with plays, carnivals and parades. It is very common for people to dress up for the occasion, both in their best formal wear, and fancy dress.
The most common tradition at Purim is to attend a reading of the Book of Esther in a synagogue, both on Purim and the day before, and then eat hamantaschen (which means 'Haman's pockets'), a sweet triangular pastry often filled with fruit or poppy seeds.
It is also customary to donate money and food to charities over Purim.
If you're celebrating Purim with your little one, why not try our hamantaschen recipe below?
- 3 eggs
- 200 grams of caster sugar
- 175 millilitres of vegetable oil
- 2.5 teaspoons of vanilla extract
- 110 millilitres of orange juice
- 675 grams of plain flour
- 1 tablespoon of baking powder
- 300 grams of fruit preserves (the choice of flavour is yours, feel free to make an assortment!)
- Pre-heat your oven to 180 C/gas mark 4, and grease some baking trays.
- In a large bowl, bear the eggs and flour until they are fluffy, then stir in the vanilla, orange juice and oil.
- Combine the flour and baking powder, then stir into the egg mixture to form a stiff dough. Feel free to add more flour if the dough is too stiff.
- On a lightly floured work surface, roll the dough out to a quarter of an inch in thickness, then cut into circles. Place the circles onto the greased baking trays,5 centimetres/2 inches apart.
- Using a dessertspoon, spoon some of your fruit preserves into middle of each circle, then roll the edges inwards to create a triangle.
- Bake for 10-15 minutes, removing the biscuits from the oven when they are lightly browned.
- Remove the biscuits and place onto a baking tray to cool, then serve. Voila!
Photography: Nate Steiner _USER_


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Complete Book of Knife Skills
Unavailable $19.00 $37.95
The definitive book on knife skills from the knife manufacturer recognized worldwide as the symbol of the best quality and function.
Every home chef needs a knife skills book. Cooks who know how to choose a knife, how to maintain it and how to use it properly work more safely, more quickly and more efficiently. Good knife skills also allow a cook to cut ingredients uniformly, allowing everything to cook at the same rate and creating the best presentation in the final dish.
The authors' unique approach in this book stems from their experience in the culinary classroom, where they observed how people learn. Elliot and DeWan refined their teaching process based on this vast experience.
Some of the features in the book are:
- More than 1,200 color step-by-step photos that clearly instruct and provide information on each technique
- Instructions on proper knife sharpening techniques
- Arrows and other graphic devices that direct the reader to the exact photo on the page and the precise skill illustrated
- A concealed wiro binding that lies flat, keeping a cook's fingers on the knife, where they safely belong
- Concise, detailed and easy-to-understand instructions on how to hold a knife, the basic cuts and the proper techniques for cutting poultry, fish and specific vegetables and fruits, and creative garnishes
- Coverage of Japanese-style knives and cutting techniques
Concise history of knives and knife-making
The Complete Book of Knife Skills was created in collaboration with Zwilling J.A. Henckels, one of the world's leading manufacturers of high-quality knives. This indispensable reference will allow home cooks to teach themselves knife skills based on professional instructors' years of experience.


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Marc Washington's Perspectives: Was culture of ancient Roman Empire African?
The Roman Forum, formed in the 6th century BC, gave us the model for our Senate and governmental institutions. However, when discussing the foundation of Rome, never is an African (phenotype given to woolly hair & full facial features) origin considered. This page focuses on the possibility that Rome was settled by African tribes.
A. VILLAGE IN AFRICA & ANCIENT ROME: Both in Rome and ancient and contemporary Africa, circular huts are made of thatched rooves with walls of wattle and daub. A model of the reputed village of Romulus, Rome's eponym, is on display in a Palantine Museum (A:b). It is identical to those made in Africa still today (A:a). It is anecdotal that history preserves for us the fact that it was 7th century BC Etrurians who taught the Romans how to use tile for rooves in place of thatch. Africans (by phenotype) of Etrusca (C:c: ii, iii, iv) may have been among the change agents.
B. SENATE IN Palantine "Rome was founded in the year 753 BC … The king was also the Chief Priest. There was also a Senate which had 300 members who were appointed by the king and held office for life. They were chosen from the elderly men of the oldest families of the city; hence the name senate, which is derived from senex, the Latin word for old. The head of those old families were called Patricians, from pater (Zeus was Pater), the Latin word for father." This same form of government and social organization is common in most traditional tribes in Africa still today. In Rome, the council of elders met in the marketplace bringing their chairs just as the council of elders do today in traditional African villages meeting outdoors in the market place (pic B).
C. LATIN IN AFRICAN PRE-CONQUEST ROME: J. Williams writes in the journal Britannia an article entitled "New Light on Latin in Pre-conquest Britain," that the Celts and other indigenous peoples used Latin before the conquest iniatiated by Caesar (55-54 BC) which itself used Latin (1). This is not new knowledge since it is commonly known that Etruria taught the Romans the Latin alphabet (see C:c:i) & from the 6th through 1st century, we see Etruscans (African by phenotype) in their art (C:c:ii, iii, iv). Additionally, in stela preceding the birth of Caesar, Latin is seen in Bulgaria of 250 BC in the background of a stela showing the goddess Artemis (C:a) & on the slab upon which the goddess Hera is shown (C:b). Africans were early users of Latin before the conquest and earlier and ultimately brought by Phoenicians (e.g. see D) who gave us the alphabet.
D. CANAANITE = HEBREW = SEMITE = PHOENICIAN AND IN EUROPE = BRITON, CELT, ROMAN, GUALITE, MOOR i.e. THE IMMIGRANT POPULATION? The Canaanites (sons of Ham) were a Hebrew tribe and therefore Semetic. From the Jewish Encyclopedia we read: "The term 'Canaanites' was also applied to the Phenicians. It gradually obtained the meaning of 'traders,' as used in Isa. xxiii. 8; Ezek. xvi. 29, xvii. 4; Zeph. i. 11; Job xl. 30 (A. V. xli. 6); Prov. xxxi. 24; (possibly also in Zech. xiv. 21)." It was the Phoenician (see D) who colonized and named the cities and countries of Europe. This raises the question of the population in Britain & elsewhere being known as the Celts, in Rome as the Romans, in Gaul as the Celts as one-in-the-same. Were they people who bore the same tradition and culture as the Patriarchs who founded the Roman Senate and a model for our own?


Analysis of a use-after-free Vulnerability in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC
By Sergi Martinez
This post analyses CVE-2020-9715, a use-after-free vulnerability affecting several versions of the Adobe Acrobat and Adobe Acrobat Reader products. The vulnerability was discovered by Mark Vincent Yason, who reported it to the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) disclosure program.
This research was inspired by a detailed blog post by ZDI that analyzed the vulnerability. The exploitation broadly follows the steps outlined in the ZDI blog post, but describes the vulnerability and exploitation steps in more detail.
A use-after-free vulnerability affects the data ESObject cache within the EScript.api module of Adobe Acrobat Reader DC. Although objects may be added to the cache using keys with ANSI or Unicode strings, objects are evicted from the cache by keys that contain only Unicode strings. This enables an attacker to cause a data ESObject to be freed, but its pointer to remain intact in the object cache entry. When the same JavaScript object is later accessed, its cache entry is found despite the corresponding data ESObject having been freed. This leads to a use-after-free condition. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to achieve code execution by enticing a user to open a crafted PDF file.
The vulnerability analysis that follows is based on Adobe Acrobat Reader DC version 2020.009.20063 running on Windows 10 64-bit.
Before we dive into the vulnerability, we need to understand how embedded JavaScript is handled by Adobe Reader.
Adobe Reader has a built-in JavaScript engine based on Mozilla's SpiderMonkey. Embedded JavaScript code in PDF files is processed and executed by the EScript.api module in Adobe Reader.
The Adobe Reader JavaScript engine uses several types of objects including ESObjects and JSObjects. ESObjects are internal to the EScript.api module and contain a pointer to the classical JavaScript objects, JSObjects.
Several kinds of ESObjects exist and among them is the data ESObject, which is a type of object used to represent embedded files and data streams. data ESObjects are uniquely identified by a key (referred to as cache_key in this post) that contains:
 - A pointer to a PDDoc object, which is an object that represents the PDF document.
 - The name of the data ESObject that is an ANSI or Unicode string containing the name of the embedded file.
References to data ESObjects are stored in a cache indexed by cache_key. When a new data ESObject is constructed with a certain name, a cache_key object is constructed with that name and is used to search the cache for the presence of the data ESObject that matches the name. If the search is a cache hit, a pointer to the data ESObject is returned. Otherwise, a new data ESObject is created and stored in the cache, and a pointer to it is returned.
The vulnerability occurs due to a mismatch in the encoding of the name string during the construction of cache_key used in the insertion and deletion phases in the lifecycle of a data ESObject. When a data ESObject is created and added to the cache, the name used in the cache_key retains the original encoding (ANSI or Unicode) found in the PDF document.
When a data ESObject is deleted from the cache, the name used in the cache_key is always encoded in Unicode. This leads to a condition where cache entries for data ESObject with ANSI names are never purged from cache; instead the cache entries retain pointers to freed data ESObjects indefinitely.
If an ANSI data ESObject is thus freed, and the code tries to create a new data ESObject with a matching name (e.g., when JavaScript code deletes this.dataObjects[0] and then accesses this.dataObjects[0]), a cache hit occurs but the pointer returned is the pointer to the ANSI-named data ESObject that was previously freed. This leads to an exploitable use-after-free condition.
Code Analysis
Lets take a look at how these objects are represented under the hood, and examine where the bug exists. Code listings show decompiled C code; source code is not available in the affected product. Structure definitions, function names, etc. are obtained by reverse engineering and may not accurately reflect those defined in the source code.
Structure Definitions
The cache mechanism is implemented with the use of a variant of Binary Search Trees. A pointer to the cache is kept in a global variable at EScript+0x273AAC, which points to a structure (named here as esobject_cache_st) defined as follows:
typedef struct esobject_cache_st {
 bst_node *root_node;
 int *node_count;
 void *unkonw;
} esobject_cache;
typedef struct bst_node_st {
 bst_node *left;
 bst_node *parent;
 bst_node *right;
 int node_type;
 cache_key *key;
 void *esobject;
} bst_node;
A pointer to the cache_key structure is stored within each node in the cache. The cache_key structure is defined as follows:
typedef struct cache_key_st {
 void *pddoc;
 ESString *name;
} cache_key;
The cache_key structure contains the name of the embedded file in the form of an ESString structure, which is defined as follows:
typedef struct esstring_st {
 int type;
 char *buffer;
 int len;
 int max_capacity;
 void *unknown1;
 void *unknown2;
} ESString;
In the structure above, the buffer member is a pointer to the string encoded in the format specified in the type member (1 for ANSI, 2 for Unicode). Its length is defined by the len member and the maximum capacity of the buffer is indicated by max_capacity. In Unicode ESString objects the buffer encoding is UTF-16 with Byte Order Mark (BOM).
Comparing Cache Keys
Any operation that requires traversing the tree require a key comparison function. This function is implemented at EScript+0x90770 and its code is listed below.
bool is_key_greater(cache_key *key1, cache_key *key2)
 ESString *data_object_name_from_cache;
 ESString *data_object_name;
 if ( a1->pddoc!= key->pddoc )
 return a1->pddoc < (unsigned int)key->pddoc;
 name2 = key2->name;
 name1 = key1->name;
 return esstrings_compare(&name1, &name2);
The function first checks whether the keys belong to the same PDF document [1]. If they belong to the same PDF document then it proceeds to compare the names of the keys, which are ESString objects.
The ESString comparison function (implemented at EScript+0x45B07) is listed below.
bool esstrings_compare(ESString **name1, ESString **name2)
 ESString *type1;
 ESString *type2;
 bool v4;
 type1 = get_ESString_type(*name1);
 type2 = get_ESString_type(*name2);
 if ( type1 == type2 )
 v4 = (sub_23845B5E(*name1, *name2) & 0x8000u)!= 0;
 v4 = (int)type1 < (int)type2;
 return v4;
Relevant to this vulnerability is that at [2] there is a check that compares the ESString types. If they differ, the result of the function is true if type1 is less than type2. For example, when comparing two keys with the same name of different types where type1 is ANSI (1) and type2 is Unicode (2), the esstrings_compare function returns true.
When performing a lookup in the data ESObject cache, the function that implements it (EScript+0x90476) considers keys with the same name but different ESString types as different.
Deleting Cache Entries
When a data ESObject is freed, the corresponding cache entry that stores a pointer to the object is also freed. The ESObject deletion is implemented in the function at EScript+0x907B0, which is listed below.
__int16 delete_object(int a1)
 int v1;
 ESString *v2;
 wchar_t *v3;
 wchar_t *v4;
 esobject_cache_struct *cache_ptr;
 cache_key key;
 int v8[3];
 int v9;
 v1 = sub_23858B70(a1);
 v2 = (ESString *)sub_23844B00(a1, "DataObject");
 v3 = (wchar_t *)v2;
 if ( v1 )
 if (!v2 )
 return 1;
 v4 = (wchar_t *)get_dataobject_name(v2);
 v8[0] = (int)v4;
 v9 = 0;
 key.doc = v1;
 sub_23877D42(&, (ESString **)v8);
 LOBYTE(v9) = 1;
 cache_ptr = initialize_data_esobject_cache(global_cache_ptr);
 remove_key_from_cache(cache_ptr, &key);
 LOBYTE(v9) = 2;
 if ( )
 sub_23845AAE((wchar_t *);
 v9 = 3;
 if ( v4 )
 v9 = -1;
 if ( v3 )
 return 1;
The call at [1] returns a pointer to an ESString object used to create the cache_key object. This is passed to the function that removes cache nodes matching the


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Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Frederick de Houtman
During subsequent expeditions he added further stars to the list of those observed by Keyser. Between them the following constellations are credited to them as discoverors.
Houtman was the elder brother of Cornelis de Houtman who in a second expedition in _PHONE_ was killed. Frederick was imprisoned by the Sultan of Aceh in northern Sumatra, but made good use of his two years in prison by studying the local Malay language and making astronomical observations.
In 1619 he sighted land on the Australian coast near present day Perth. After sailing northwards along the coast he encountered and only narrowly avoided a group of shoals, the Houtman Abrolhos. Houtman then made landfall in the region known as Eendrachtsland which previous explorer Dirk Hartog had encountered.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


Geographical Range Australia
Habitat Plains
Scientific Name Macropus rufus
Conservation Status Common
Red kangaroos are the largest marsupials (pouched mammals). Female kangaroos can have three joeys (babies) "under construction" at one time -- one out of the pouch but still nursing, one in the pouch, and one as an embryo awaiting its turn.
Red kangaroos live in mobs on the plains of Australia, where they dine on grasses and leaves. Reddish-brown males and smaller grey females can cover a distance of 25 feet in one leap, often traveling as fast as 30 mph. Fighting between two males over females is common. Males use their large tails to balance as they stand upright, lock forearms and try to push their opponent with their rear legs.
Did You Know?
Baby kangaroos are the size of lima beans when they are born.


SQL Book
The SQL Union command can be used to combine the output from 2 or more SELECT statements into 1 resultset. This article explains the syntax and rules of the UNION command and gives real world examples of it in use.
SELECT [ColumnName,...]
SELECT [ColumnName,...]
UNION rules for success
The syntax for the UNION command is very simple but there are some rules that must be followed for the command to work correctly.
 - The SELECT statements must select the same number of columns
 - The columns selected in the different SELECT statements must be in the same order
 - The corresponding columns from each SELECT statement must either be of the same data type or be able to be converted (either implicitly or explicitly using a SQL function such as CAST).
Real world example
In the following example for an e-commerce website that has a shopping cart and message forum on it we want to generate a resultset of users who we can send the sites monthly email newsletter to. To do this we want to combine the user information from the Customer table with user information from the ForumUser table:
SELECT FirstName, LastName, Email, DateLastOrder
FROM Customer
WHERE ReceiveNewsletter = 1
SELECT FirstName, FamilyName, EmailAddress, DateLastPost
FROM ForumUser
WHERE SendNewsletter = 1
The output of this query would look similar to the following:
Jimi Hendrix _EMAIL_ 10/10/2007
Bob Marley _EMAIL_ 05/01/2007
Fred Bloggs _EMAIL_ 09/10/2007
We can see that the single resultset that is made from the UNION command always takes its column headings from the first SELECT statement in the UNION.
It is also important to identify that the UNION removes any duplicate (non distinct) rows from the resultset. This means that in the example above if a user was in both the Customer table and the ForumUser table and the corresponding Email addresses were the same and the LastOrderDate and LastPostDate were the same then only one or these 2 rows would be included in the resultset. By chance it happens that for the above example this is a beneficial aspect of the UNION command as we would not want to send the newsletter to the same email addresss twice. There may be times however when we want to include all the duplicate rows and to do this we simply modify the UNION command to include the ALL keyword.
SELECT Column1, Column2 FROM Table1
SELECT Column1, Column2 FROM Table2
SELECT Column1, Column2 FROM Table3
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Social psychology (psychology)/Tutorials/Australian zeitgeist
- Social capital, social disengagement, and the Australian Zeitgeist
- To introduce three related socio-psychological terms: social capital, social disengagement, and zeitgeist, and to discuss these in relation to current Australian society(ies).
- To consider social researcher Hugh Mackay's "Social disengagement: A breeding ground for fundamentalism" speech.
- Brainstorm ways to address current social capital issues in Australia.
This tutorial explores three societal-level, socio-psychological constructs in an Australian context:
- What is it? (some ideas)
- "Quality" connections within and between social networks
- Potential "social good" which can be drawn upon
- A key ingredient for healthy, civil society
- Community involvement/engagement
- "Positive" interpersonal connections -> healthy, civil society
- Commodification of people value
- Akin to / related to human capital, environmental capital, economic capital
- Is it necessarily "good"?
- e.g., consider - Nazi society in the 1930's-1940's had high social capital?
- How might it be developed and enhanced?
- What is it?
- (Collective/normative) social isolation, social disconnection, social exclusion, alienation
- Relatively low levels of social interactivity
- Individuals (or small groups) operating relatively individually, with minimal interaction with the social fabric/networks
- What are its risks/consequences?
- Mackay suggests "fundamentalism" is a risk/consequence
- What is it?
- "Spirit" or "flavour" of the times or an "era" (for a particular society at a particular time)
- Collective consciousness
- Cultural climate
- What is the current Australian zeitgeist?
- This question is tackled by Hugh Mackay in his speech
Social disengagement: A breeding ground for fundamentalismEdit
|"||It seems to be a law of nature that when any society goes through a period of upheaval and transformation, simplistic world-views increase their appeal...||"|
—Hugh Mackay, 2005
Arguably Australia's best known social researcher, Hugh Mackay traces the cultural, political, and social changes since the 1970's to explain the less tolerant and more materialistic Australia that he sees today.
- In small groups, identify one specific issue raised by Mackay in current Australian society / zeitgeist and brainstorm/create a practical strategy (using socio-psychological principles) for addressing it.
- Share and discuss with group.
- Australian Zeitgeist (2005 version notes}
- Google Zeitgeist
- Mackay, H. (2005). Social disengagement: A breeding ground for fundamentalism (Abbreviated transcript - audio doesn't work). 6th Annual Manning Clark Lecture, 3 March, National Library of Australia, Canberra. Print friendly version
- socialdisengagement (del.icio.us/jtneill/socialdisengagement)


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The pronounciation suggests that the sentence is about a mango in general (lEmango), not the specific mango (which would be lAmango, wouldn't it?).
I did. I finally figured out that instead of spamming in comments, it's better to just report.
It used to be a problem because the suggested translation was "The mango has a good smell". Now they have apparently fixed it, and it is about a general mango, as the translation suggests.
You could say המנגו מריח טוב = the mango smells good. but המנגו יש ריח טוב is not a correct sentence. The ל implies the ownership in the way the verb "to have" is constructed in Hebrew. Translated literally this sentence is "there is good smell to the mango". the ל incorporated the "to the".
With the definite article, shouldn't it be "la-mango"? I'm hearing "le-mango."
It isn't necessarily the definite article here. You could say le-mango and this sentence can mean "(any) mango has good smell.
The only issue with the translation is that when translating verbatim from H to any western language, an interpretation is required to have the sentence make sense. "For the mango there's a nice smell" simply reads what we all know: Mangoes smell nice...
Why "a" article is needed for "good smell"?? Why "mango has good smell" is incorrect?
Are you asking regarding the translation of this sentence, or in English generally?
You need the article "a" in front of mango in English. Here's an article explaining it: _URL_
That depends on whether you are using "mango" as a countable noun or as a mass noun. If mangoes smell good in general and that is the message you are trying to convey, then it's fine to treat it as a mass noun and forego the indefinite article. In fact, saying "a mango smells good" indicates that there is somewhere in the world a mango that smells good. That is not what you're trying to say.
The article you linked gives a similar example: Fruit is on sale.
So, if "Mango smells good" is an acceptable translation, why is "A mango smells good" rejected?
Reyakh. Though sometimes pronounced re-akh (native speakers swallow the y sound).
The other way around, I think: It's always /re-akh/, and /re-yach/ is an anomaly that's fading away. It's the pronunication of Israelies who immigrated from Poland and Russia up until the 30's, their most luminary example (for pronunication jokes) being Shimon Peres. Also you find it in songs from the 50's through mid-70's, because singers were taught to add it on the grounds that hyatus is not nice. _URL_ (/ya yareyach/: יא ירח, addressing the moon).
Hebrew isn't as strict about word order as English. Both variants are acceptable.
That said, what is this sentence about? Mangos. The mango is the subject. So it makes sense to put the mango first, and the word that modifies the mango (יש) afterwards. But feel free to phrase it in any of these ways for the desired emphasis:
למנגו יש ריח טוב
יש למנגו ריח טוב
ריח טוב יש למנגו
But don't say the following. It makes you sound like Yoda:
ריח טוב למנגו יש


JOUR 311 - News Feature Writing
An advanced writing course that requires in-depth reporting and information-gathering skills. Students will concentrate on learning to write informative, accurate news feature stories that provide detail and context for readers. Prerequisite: NEWS 221.
College: Commun., Info. and Media
Hours: 2
Permission: Y
Prerequisite: NEWS 221
Co-requisite: none


February 2006
International Cyberinfrastructure: Activities Around the Globe
Hyeongwoo Park, Pillwoo Lee, Jongsuk Ruth Lee, Sungho Kim, Jaiseung Kwak, Kum Won Cho, Sang-Beom Lim, Jysoo Lee
KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) Supercomputing Center, Korea
1. Introduction
The number of subscribers for high-speed internet service in Korea reached more than twelve million at the end of 2005. This was the result of a national project, VSIN (Very high Speed Information Network), which was launched in 1995 by MIC (Ministry of Information and Communication) of Korea. The most notable result was the completion of a nation-wide optical communication cable infrastructure. It has provided high-speed communication networks to most commercial buildings and apartments in Korea. The Korean government then built internet services upon the infrastructure, which enabled e-government services, e-commerce services, and other IT application services with low cost and high quality.
The governmental budget for science and technology research and development reached 7 trillion won (about $7 billion US) in 2005. After the success of VSIN, the Korean government has tried to enhance the competitiveness of science and technology, such as bio-technology and nano-technology, by introducing VSIN and advanced IT technologies, such as the Grid, to the research processes of science and technology, which lags relatively behind developed countries. As a part of the plan, an initiative for the comprehensive implementation of Korean national Grid infrastructure (K*Grid) was started in 2002 by MIC.
KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) plays a leading role in construction and operation of the production quality Grid infrastructure needed for large-scale collaborative research in scientific and commercial applications. The main goal of the K*Grid infrastructure, which integrates huge amounts of computing power, massive storage systems, and experimental facilities as a virtual single system, is to provide an extremely powerful research environment for both industries and academia. The K*Grid project includes construction of the K*Grid infrastructure including Access Grid, development of its middleware, and research and development of Grid applications.
In this article, the current status and activities about the construction and utilization of the cyberinfrastructure in Korea is described.
Pages: 1 2 3 4 5
Reference this article
Park, H., Lee, P., Lee, J., Kim, S., Kwak, J., Cho, K., Lim, S.-B., Lee, J. "Construction and Utilization of the Cyberinfrastructure in Korea," CTWatch Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2006. _URL_