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In my previous post, I showed how to customize a list form without losing all the built-in SharePoint functionality. At the heart of my approach was harnessing SharePoint's own template rendering mechanism, the details of which I'm going to dive into now.
If you've ever used any of the template-based controls in ASP.NET (GridView, Repeater, DataList, etc.), then you've already touched on the core concept. For example, the Repeater control provides various templates (header, footer, item, alternating item, etc.) that allow you to control what content is rendered at different points during the rendering process. Typically you'll provide markup for the control on your page like so:
<%# DataBinder.Eval(Container.DataItem, "Name") %>
Each template you provide in the page markup is loaded by the ASP.NET runtime and exposed through the ITemplate interface which has a single method with the following signature:
void InstantiateIn(Control container)
With the templates loaded, all the Repeater control has to do to instantiate a new row of data is call this method passing in the appropriate container. New instances of any contained ASP.NET controls will be instantiated and processed through the usual ASP.NET control lifecycle.
Now switching back into the SharePoint world, if you look in the C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\web server extensions\12\TEMPLATE\CONTROLTEMPLATES folder, you will see a number of user control files (*.ascx) most of which contain very standard looking user control content. However, the largest of these files (DefaultTemplates.ascx) is a bit different and since it is at the heart of SharePoint's template rendering mechanism, it is the one I am focusing on. If you open up the file you will see that it contains nothing but instances of the control. Each RenderingTemplate control instance has a unique ID and a single child element. When SharePoint starts up, it parses all files in this folder and makes all the templates it finds easily accessible through the static GetTemplateByName method of the SPControlTemplateManager class.
In my last post, I showed a web part that exposes a Template ID setting that is used as the basis for its rendering. Instead of overriding one of the web part rendering methods like Render or RenderControl, I am overriding the CreateChildControls method. I simply create an instance of SharePoint's TemplateContainer control, provide its template by loading the template specified in the web part's Template ID setting, add the TemplateContainer instance to my web part's Controls collection. ASP.NET does the rest. Here's the snippet of code I am referring to:
// Initialize template container with our custom templatetemplateContainer = new TemplateContainer();templateContainer.Template = SPControlTemplateManager.GetTemplateByName(RenderingTemplateId);...// Add the container to the webpart control hierarchyControls.Add(templateContainer);
There's a lot in that template that I could discuss, but the part I want to focus on is the ListFieldIterator on line 16 as this is where all the field rendering occurs.
Before we dive in, you first need to understand that the context under which the page is running in SharePoint is key in defining the behavior of the ListFieldIterator. When you reassign a particular page as the "Edit" form for a list, you'll notice that the URL in the browser carries this context to the page when it loads. For example, in my "Edit Test Center" page example from my first post, the URL that SharePoint uses to launch the edit page with context looks like this:
SharePoint uses the ID and List parameters to establish the context for the page, and exposes this via the SPContext class. This class has a plethora of information about the current SharePoint context including the list (SPList), the current item (SPItem), and the most importantly for our purposes now, the field definitions (SPField) for the underlying list.
Using this context, the ListFieldIterator iterates through the fields, creating new TemplateContainer controls and adding them to its Controls collection. Importantly, it assigns the FieldName and ControlMode properties. The FieldName is used later in the process by SharePoint to determine (based on the corresponding SPField instance) what kind of control should actually be rendered. The ControlMode property is used to indicate whether the control is in New, Edit or Display mode, which the ListFieldIterator assigns based on the value of its own ControlMode property.
Once it has created the TemplateContainer control, the template container needs a… you guessed it… template to contain. Since the ListFieldIterator class overrides the DefaultTemplateName property to return "ListFieldIterator", this is the template that is loaded for each field. Looking in the DefaultTemplates.ascx file, this template looks like this:
When this template is evaluated and constructed, the CompositeField control simply overrides DefaultTemplateName to first check whether the control mode is SPControlMode.Display and returns either "DisplayCompositeField" or "CompositeField". The "CompositeField" template looks like this:
When the FieldLabel control is created (which also inherits from FieldMetadata), it obtains the current SPField through the inherited Field property (which again in this case climbs the control hierarchy to the CompositeField, then to the TemplateContainer control as described above). Then depending on the ControlMode (whether for Display or not) and the field's Required property in the list definition, it uses one of three templates: FieldLabelForDisplay, FieldLabelRequired, or FieldLabelDefault.
The most interesting of these three is the FieldLabelRequired template which includes the markup necessary for rendering the familiar little red asterisk next to the label. It looks like this:
 *
When the control is rendered by ASP.NET, it pulls the "Title" field value (as defined in the PropertyName attribute of the markup) from the current SPItem and renders it. (NOTE: If you look in the DefaultTemplates.ascx file you will see that the FieldProperty control is used quite frequently to render various properties of fields. You can see an example of this in the HTML comments generated by the CompositeField template above).
Let's move back now to the second part of the CompositeField template that I want to highlight: the control. In absence of an explicit template or template name, the FormField control uses its associated Field's FieldRenderingControl property to retrieve a template-based BaseFieldControl instance that is capable of rendering UI elements specifically for viewing or editing data for the current field type. It then adds this control to its Controls collection.
For an example, if the current field being rendered is a text field, the Field property will actually return an instance of an SPFieldText which inherits from SPField and overrides the FieldRenderingControl property to return an instance of the TextField template-based control. Since the TextField control overrides the DefaultTemplateName property to return "TextField", the following template is generally used (but not always, as in the case of "Choice" fields):
So finally, when the FormField control is rendered, its child control (the TextField) is rendered, which results in the template listed above being processed and at the end of this very long chain of SharePoint infrastructure… out comes a plain old vanilla ASP.NET TextBox control. Phew!
Now I realize that this is an awful lot to take in, and this post is largely based on notes that I took for myself as I went and traced through all the logic so that I could understand what was going on under the covers. The upshot of it is that once you understand the rendering mechanism SharePoint uses, you can begin to customize your forms using custom templates in ways that used to require a complete departure from the out-of-the-box SharePoint functionality.


DIY Theatre Makers
Clive Judd, 13 July 2012
Group: Clive, Susan, Nat, Theresa, Mark, Michael
Words (and the way we use them) are always interesting, aren't they? The beauty of this form of conference, it appears, is that you are quickly reminded of the many avenues a topic can take and multiple meanings words can have when in the hands (and mouths) of a diverse group of people.
For me, the term "DIY" points to the "self-starting" nature undoubtedly needed to get work up and running at any point of your career. What the discussion lead to was a deeper exploration of the term "DIY". What the wider perception of "DIY" might mean and who are you making the work for when you speak of "DIY" theatre? Image and public perception became an important topic. The group discussed the perils of "DIY" theatre in the rough sensefloating in the unknown area between the amateur and professional world perhaps? Is it about bits of cardboard strewn about to make a set?
What kind of spaces are we talking about? What style of theatre? There was a suggestion that self-started work has the possibility to be more politicalmore subversive in nature. Street theatre was discussed as were Happenings. A discussion about audience. Does "DIY" theatre mean theatre for the artists? Theatre for the tastes of one man and his dog? The energy of "just fucking doing it" was discussed. The merits of doing the work you want and feel should be done regardless of financial restriction. Obviously, finance was discussed. Does "DIY" mean unpaid? It reminded me of an earlier discussion today about "Value". Is work more valuable if someone is being paid? As one of the group said- "does a painter receive payment for his/her paintings?" Not always.
The group brought much to this topic that I have probably not done enough justice to here. Words, huh…
Audiences, Value, audiences, DIY, self-starting, value


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Stressful weather conditions can affect herbicide performance.
"If the plant systems targeted by the herbicide are not functioning properly due to stress – temperatures that are too hot or too cold, moisture levels that are too high or too low, or extreme events such as frost, hail or severe winds – the herbicide effectiveness may not be up to expectations," says Clark Brenzil, weed control specialist for Saskatchewan Agriculture.
It is warm enough to spray when daytime high temperatures are near 20 C. For best results, night temperatures should be at least 10 C. It shouldn't be too hot, either – daytime high temperatures should be less than 30 C.
"For good weed control and crop tolerance, herbicides rely on plants functioning at their optimum," he said.
"Outside the temperature range of 20 to 30 degrees C, the metabolism of plants is inhibited. On the other hand, the growth of weeds slows or stops when stressed, so the time window for spraying is extended."
Frost immediately before or after herbicide application can cause the herbicide to become trapped in the leaf, and prevent it from moving to the point of action.
After waiting for 24 to 48 hours after the frost, producers should check the crop and weeds for symptoms of frost damage, which is a watery, blackened or brown appearance.
If the crop or weeds are severely damaged, wait to apply herbicide after new tissue begins to grow.
"If the plant survives a frost with little damage, applications should still be delayed until two days after the weather returns to spray conditions. This will allow the plant functions to return to normal."
Weather extremes also affect the soil and, in turn, the plant and its uptake of herbicides.
Unless adapted to survive in water, for example, plant roots in saturated soil are starved for oxygen. Without oxygen, the root will suffer and the plant stops growing.
On the other hand, during dry periods, plants create barriers so as to conserve moisture. This inhibits herbicide uptake into the weed. Dry or hot conditions also limit the plants' metabolic activity, allowing time for some of the herbicide to deactivate.
When growing conditions are good, the crop breaks down the selective herbicide before it can hurt the crop. Under adverse conditions, the plant's ability to metabolize the herbicide can be inhibited, causing the herbicide to have a toxic effect on the crop.
Other inhibitors of herbicide effectiveness are late staging of the crop plant and reduced rates of herbicide. With the exception of glyphosate products, reducing water volume can lower the herbicide's effectiveness.
Brenzil said producers should remember that using integrated weed management strategies, which are designed to improve the competitiveness of their crops, can also improve the chances of successful herbicide application.
If herbicide failures occur under good conditions with early staging, full rates and newly purchased product, producers may need to look at other reasons for a herbicide failure, such as herbicide resistance or, in rare cases, legitimate product problems.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Quick Answer: How Does Wax Recording Work?
Does black vinyl sound better?
Only white should sound worse.
The white substance used to due the record can cause random pops (rumor has it that it is a kind of chalk).
Other vinyl – colored or clear can be dead-quiet.
so a colored vinyl record with no black in it may actually sound better right out of the wrapper than a black one..
What is a wax record?
The wax record simply put is a hollow cylinder made from wax that, when put into a phonograph or graphophone machine it allows you to record sound and reproduce that same sound.
Why is vinyl called wax?
This was electroplated to make the metal parts to stamp finished records. Hence, for almost the first 50 years of recorded sound, including cylinders, wax was the media that took the original sound waves. Therefore the term "wax" came into popular use as slang for a record.
Is Vinyl A plastic?
Vinyl (polyvinyl chloride or PVC), is the world's most versatile plastic, used to make everything from food wrap to auto body parts. Vinyl is composed of two simple building blocks: chlorine, based on common salt, and ethylene, from crude oil.
Is a record player worth it?
It's mainly worth it if you're going to listen to stuff on vinyl. There's no point in making the investment if it's going to sit and collect dust. If you feel drawn to vinyl, then absolutely. It's mainly worth it if you're going to listen to stuff on vinyl.
When were wax cylinders used?
The Edison Phonograph Company was formed on October 8, 1887, to market Edison's machine. He introduced the Improved Phonograph by May of 1888, shortly followed by the Perfected Phonograph. The first wax cylinders Edison used were white and made of ceresin, beeswax, and stearic wax.
What were records originally made of?
Why is vinyl used for records?
Why is it that vinyl records are generally black? PVC (polyvinyl chloride), the material that vinyl records are made of, is clear in its natural form, allowing records to be manufactured in just about any color imaginable.
Does vinyl actually sound better?
Vinyl is far more high-quality. No audio data is lost when pressing a record. It sounds just as great as the producer or band intended. There's another, far superior reason why vinyl is better than lossy digital formats.
Is my record a 33 or 45?
12″ records that are albums (>20 minutes per side) are 33, 12″ records that are singles may be 33 if they are from the US or 45 if they are from Europe. 10″ records are usually 33, but there may be 45 as well.
How long does a gramophone needle last?
Most manufacturers recommend changing your stylus at around 1000 hours of record playing time. So if you're using your turntable for an hour or so per day on average, ideally you should be changing the stylus every couple of years.
How do gramophones work?
Like other record players, gramophones read the sound with a small needle which fits into the groove in the record. That needle is attached to a diaphragm, which in turn is attached to a horn. … These vibrations are transmitted to the diaphragm, which itself vibrates, creating sound.
Are 78s worth anything?
"The early blues material from the '20s and '30s is the hottest material of all," Mr. Tefteller said in a phone interview. He said that on average a rare jazz 78 might sell for $1,500 to $5,000, whereas sales for a comparable blues record would start at $5,000.
What was the first song ever recorded on the phonograph?
Au Clair de la Lune.On April 9, 1860, Scott recorded a snippet of the French folk song "Au Clair de la Lune."
Who invented wax cylinders?
Thomas EdisonPhonograph cylinder/InventorsEdison had introduced wax cylinders that played for nominally 4 minutes (instead of the usual 2) in 1909 under the Amberol brand. They were made from a harder (and more easily breakable) form of wax to withstand the smaller stylus used to play them.
What is the best record player to buy?
The best record player for 2021CNET's Editor's Choice. Fluance RT82. See at Amazon.Best value around $100. Audio Technica AT-LP60X. $119 at Amazon.Best record player under $500. Pro-Ject Debut Carbon EVO. $499 at Audio Advice.Best record player under $1,000. Rega Planar 3. $945 at Audio Advice.Best mainstream model under $300. Crosley C10A. See at Amazon.Feb 8, 2021
Why is tinfoil a poor medium for recorded sound?
The recordings could be played only a few times before the indentations made by the sound on the tinfoil were so flattened down as to be unplayable. … It was changes in the physical medium itself that would ultimately exert the most long-lasting effects on the evolution of American sound recording history.
How does a vinyl record work?
Vinyl record players are electromagnetic devices that change sound vibrations into electrical signals. When a record spins, it creates sound vibrations that get converted into electrical signals. … Electric amps vibrate and feed the resulting sound into speakers, which amplify it and make it louder.
What is another name for vinyl?
What is another word for vinyl?PVCpolychloroethylenepolyvinyl chloridepolyvinylpoly(1-chloroethene)[1]
What's the difference between a turntable and a record player?
What Is A Turntable? In its basest form, a turntable is simply a major component of a record player. … But turntable also refers to a standalone unit you can purchase. In this sense of the word, a turntable is similar to a record player, except it does not come with built-in speakers or an amplifier.
What replaced records?
In an attempt to head off the disc advantage, Edison introduced the Amberol cylinder in 1909, with a maximum playing time of 4 1⁄2 minutes (at 160 rpm), which in turn were superseded by Blue Amberol Records, which had a playing surface made of celluloid, a plastic, which was far less fragile.


Ancient Cultivation Stories: Zhang Shiping's Dedication Rewarded
Ancient Cultivation Stories: Zhang Shiping's Dedication Rewarded
Zhang Shiping was a governor of the state of Shouzhou during the Tang Dynasty. Ever since he was middle aged, he and his wife suffered from illnesses pertaining to the eyes. They sought medical treatment from many doctors, but none of them could cure the ilnesses. Zhang Shiping eventually resigned from his post, and retired to a villa. He turned away all visitors, and thoroughly examined his inner self. He set up an altar to pray to the stars, begging for a blessing from the Heavenly Immortals. As years passed, Zhang Shiping's wealth grew thin, but he remained dedicated to his self-cultivation.
On August 17 of the seventh year of the Yuanhe Period, a scholar visited Zhang at his villa. When the scholar arrived, he was told by a servant, "My master and his wife have been suffering from illness, and have stopped receiving visitors." The scholar said, "It is true that I'm a scholar, but I also study medicine. I heard that governor Zhang is ill, and this is why I come here today." The servant relayed his message to Shiping, who gladly replied, "I have not received any guests because I have been sick for so long. If he does have the right prescription, I hope that he will be merciful to me." The servant passed on Shiping's words to the scholar, who replied, "As long as I can meet Governor Zhang, I will certainly come up with the right prescription."
After Zhang heard the scholar's words, he immediately rose to meet the scholar. The scholar said, "The cure of your illness does not lie in medical herbs. Tomorrow you will hire ten laborers to build a well for you. The well will be your cure." The next day Zhang Shiping fulfilled the scholar's request and had ten laborers ready for the scholar's command. After the scholar picked a spot for the well, the laborers began to dig until morning arrived. While the laborers were building the well, Zhang Shiping's eyes felt better immediately. After Zhang Shiping doused his eyes with the water from the new well, he regained his vision. In just one day both Zhang Shiping and his wife finally purged the illnesses that had plagued them for ten years. They were both immensely thankful for the help of the scholar and offered him gold, silver and cloth as tokens of their appreciation.
The scholar said to them, "I am not a mortal. I govern the Tai Bai Star. For the past 10 years when you were infected with the disease, you remained dedicated to cultivating in the Tao and prayed at the altar every night. Your utmost dedication has touched the stars above. Therefore, the governor of the Five Stars asked me to descend to the human world and teach you a way to treat your illness. It is our way of repaying you for your dedication to cultivation of the Tao. I need neither gold nor cloth, but I would like you to pass this treatment method to the world and help your fellow mortals in need. By doing so you will increase your virtue. You will determine the date, time, and location for a healing well by doing such and such. The water from such healing wells will have miraculous healing effects." After hearing these words, Zhang Shiping bowed repeatedly to thank the scholar for teaching him the divine skill. Then the governor of Tai Bai Star soared into the sky and disappeared into thin air.
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People raised in the former mining town of Wittenoom in Western Australia have been hit by a wave of cancers and untimely deaths many decades following the closure of a nearby blue-asbestos mine in 1966.
The Herald Sun reports that a new Australian study examining the long-term impact of the mine on the health of town residents has found that children living in Wittenoom in the forties, fifties and sixties have suffered from far higher rates of a broad range of diseases.
Girls raised in the town were more likely to developer asbestos-related mesothelioma, as well as ovarian and brain cancers, while boys had higher rates of mesothelioma, leukemia, prostate, brain and colorectal cancer.
Childhood residents also suffered from a higher rate of early deaths and circulatory and nervous diseases, with the town's girls 20 – 47% and the town's boys 50 – 83% more likely to die of any cause compared to Western Australia's general population.
Wittenoom was originally situated only 1.6km from the mine, yet was shifted 12km further away in 1947 following local population growth.


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Flounder, Witch – Iceland
Witch Flounder is a species of flatfish found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In Iceland, Witch Flounder is mostly found along the southern and southwest coasts and is rare in other parts of the country. These flatfish can live up to 30 years and have relatively slow growth rates.
The overall abundance of Witch Flounder in Iceland is at intermediate levels, but the population has declined in recent years and appears to be overfished.
Danish seine nets are mainly used to catch Icelandic Witch Flounder with catches spread evenly throughout the year. There is some bycatch of juvenile fish, but there are measures in place to reduce the bycatch in the fishery.


Graves, Dr. Ira
(Played by W. Morgan Sheppard)
Noted molecular cyberneticist Dr. Ira Graves was considered by some contemporaries in the 24th century to be one of the greatest human minds in the universe.
Early in his career, Graves was a teacher to Dr. Noonien Soong, and thus Graves considered himself to be a "grandfather" to the android Data.
Graves spent the last years of his long life isolated, with only assistant Kareen Briannon, on a planet he called Gravesworld. Just prior to his death in 2365 of Darnay's disease, Graves deposited his intellect into Data's positronic brain and this information was later stored in the Enterprise-D's main computer.
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Optimize All Curve Points
- Easily edit curves by optimizing the number of curve points on segments. Use this function when there are unnecessarily many curve points.
- Select the Edit Curve Point tool from the 2D toolbar to see all curve points on Patterns.
- Right-click on the 2D window and select Optimize All Curve Points from the pop-up menu. Surplus curve points will be deleted and only the necessary curve points needed to maintain the shape of the curves will be remained.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Principle is part of the Academic Word List. It is important for students in college and university.
- (countable) Principles are personal rules that tell you what is right and wrong.
- It goes against my principles to ignore her.
- One principle I follow is not to have regret.
- (countable) A principle is the general idea that explains or supports something.


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Solar Panel Inspections
Solar technology can be extremely complex to inspect and maintain, and so requires great care and attention. Drones are the perfect way to do it.
When the cathodic mesh in a solar panel becomes defective, the resulting short circuit forms a thermal anomaly (visible on the outer layer) that can be detected by thermal imaging cameras. Dronetec UK operate a fleet of drones utilizing the very latest advancements in the field: one such feature is a UAV mounted thermal imaging camera. This has the potential to survey large solar farms far more quickly and efficiently than traditional methods, redefining what's achievable in relatively short windows of time and without any of the costs associated with manned access or invasive inspections.


other icons_FA
Debit Order Scams
Media statement: PASA on unauthorised debit orders
14 January 2019 - Unauthorised debit orders, sometimes referred to as "R99 debit order scams" (although amounts vary), have once again received close press attention in recent weeks. The South African Reserve Bank, the Payments Association of South Africa (PASA), the banks, and a number of user associations are aware of the problem; they have been actively focused on the matter and on a number of steps to address it.
Customers are understandably frustrated by the issue, but there is also some confusion and misinformation around the issue which deserves some clarification – which we hope to achieve by responding to a few frequently-asked questions.
Why do banks allow debit orders to go through?
Banks act as facilitators of payments and are bound by law to honour debit orders submitted into the payment system by other banks on behalf of their clients. Each debit order transaction involves an entity (called a "user") as well as the banks, and if all parties do not collaborate in an organised manner, the debit order system, through which 55 million payments to the value of over R80 billion are processed every month, would cease to function. Accordingly, when banks submit transactions on behalf of users, they do so on the basis that such a user has included only valid debit orders backed by a paper or voice mandate. These mandates are, however, held by the user, and not by the sponsoring bank -- the bank simply facilitates the transaction on behalf of their client.
Then why don't they just refuse debit orders from companies that customers regularly reverse?
The vast majority of disputed debit orders are in fact legitimate ones agreed to by customers, but which are reversed for "cash management" reasons – so that the money can be used for something else.
To put the numbers in perspective, on average about 1,5 million of the 55 million monthly debit orders are disputed – less than 3%. Based on PASA and bank estimates, however, of the 1,5m only about 10% of the debit orders disputed by customers are actually unauthorised.
This is a major problem for the industry. First, customers need to be aware that it is illegal, not to mention unethical, to reverse a debit order they have authorised as payment for a legitimate legal contract or service. Second, the millions of monthly reversed legitimate debit orders make it extremely difficult to identify those debit orders initiated by fraudsters. For example, a corporate user that is completely compliant to the rules in every respect and only submits debit orders with valid mandates may still face high levels of disputes through no fault of their own.
Are the banks profiting from this?
PASA CEO Walter Volker explains, "Banks are certainly not profiting from debit orders being reversed; on the contrary, by virtue of their sponsorship of the transactions and the associated legal obligations, they are exposed to the full value of the debit orders being disputed.
"If a bank reverses a debit order on instruction from a customer, and it turns out there was a valid mandate, the bank risks losing that entire amount if they cannot get it back from the consumer. On the other hand, in the event that an illegal debit order is disputed, the sponsoring bank would be liable to reimburse the full amount, even after the so-called rogue user has been exited from the system." There are therefore many hidden costs and risks, which consumers are not always aware of.
Why are some banks charging consumers when they dispute a debit order?
Reversing disputed debit orders takes time and work. As explained above, banks take on the risk that the company submitting a debit order has either been excluded from the system or is no longer in business, so the cost of managing and upholding disputes is high. At the same time, as explained above, 90% of disputes are ultimately found to be illegal. Some banks, therefore, have introduced fees in the hopes of limiting such illegal disputes. Even for banks who do charge, however, a consumer would be within their rights to request a refund if it is found that there was no valid mandate and that the debit order is in effect unauthorised or fraudulent.
Which banks have been hit by the so-called "R99 scam"?
No bank is immune to unauthorised debit orders. Volker says, "This is not just a problem involving one bank, one company or one scam. It is an industry-wide problem and PASA is working with all the banks to improve the safety of the system, both for consumers and for companies."
What is being done about the problem?
PASA has been working with the banking industry since 2013 to implement a wide-reaching and complex system called DebiCheck, the first of its kind anywhere in the world. The initial phase went live on 1 August 2018, by which time all 11 participating banks had implemented DebiCheck operationally.
Right now, user companies are busy implementing the systems and introducing the new business processes that are necessary to fully utilise DebiCheck. Volker explains: "Thousands of user companies, from large corporates to small business, will be using the system – so we need to ensure it remains stable and that consumers are not adversely affected."
With DebiCheck, banks will require customers to electronically confirm debit order information with them directly at the start of a new contract with a user, before any collection can take place; thus ensuring that both consumers and their banks know precisely what should be debited from their bank account. Once the consumer has authorised the electronic mandate, it will be stored on their bank's mandates database and can be verified or monitored at any time.
Will DebiCheck be available as an option in all instances?
In its initial phase, only consumers dealing with companies that have implemented DebiCheck will be required to confirm their debit order information electronically. Although the system is working already, it will take time for all DebiCheck users to ramp up their usage of the system. This number will grow over time, and the aim ultimately is to eradicate any and all unauthorised debit orders, through a combination of DebiCheck and other, more general debit order abuse measures.
While DebiCheck is ramped up, what other protection is provided?
In addition to DebiCheck, PASA is working with the banks to improve the processes by which new companies are allowed into the debit order system and to ensure rogue companies are identified and removed from the payment system. "This is a very serious matter for us and we are doing everything we can to identify those companies who are abusing the debit order system," says PASA Senior Legal Counsel Charl Ackerman.
PASA and the banks are also working to refine existing rules and processes in the payment system to further curb debit order abuse. Informational material has been developed and is being rolled out to educate consumers on their rights and obligations in the debit order environment.
In some instances, individual banks have put in place other measures such as SMS alerts for all debit transactions, free debit order reversals below a certain amount and cheaper appor online-based debit order dispute procedures.
Why is DebiCheck taking so long?
The scale and complexity of DebiCheck means that it has taken a great deal of work and time to implement. As of August 2018 the system is in place and in use, and companies are being added to the system all the time. New DebiCheck debit order customers are already receiving confirmation requests from their banks, but there is still work going on to mature the systems and to fully implement all functionalities required by users and banks.
The Reserve Bank recently granted a 12-month extension (until October 2020) to fully implement DebiCheck. This only affects the final date by which the old systems will be switched off. Nevertheless, says Volker, "The eleven banks participating in DebiCheck are committed to the process and still aim to have most companies on the system this year."
These additional 12 months will also be used to mature the system and to phase out old contracts and systems.
What can customers do to protect themselves?
 - Check your bank statements regularly for transactions you do not recognise.
 - Query unauthorised debit orders with your bank immediately and report the details to the Payments Association of South Africa at _EMAIL_.
 - Ensure that your bank has your correct cellphone number so that you receive SMS alerts when money is deducted from your account and also to receive DebiCheck confirmation requests.
 - Be wary when entering into contracts verbally, electronically or in writing.
 - Do not share or confirm your banking details, including your account number and branch code, if you are not certain exactly what they will be used for.
 - Do not dispute debit orders that you have authorised.
For more information about debit order abuse, DebiCheck and what the public can do to protect their accounts, please visit _URL_
For regular updates, follow the Payments Association of South Africa on Twitter _USER_ and Facebook.
About PASA
PASA is the payment system management body recognised by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB), in terms of the National Payment System Act of 1998, to organise, manage and regulate the participation of its members in the payment system. For more information, please visit _URL_


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DNA of the Isle of Man
The history of the Isle of Man indicates that the bulk of the population will be of old Celtic origin, as the first inhabitants of the Island spoke Manx Gaelic and were believed to have come from neighbouring Ireland. For a period of some 300 years the Island was also under Norse Viking rule and so it would be expected that there would be genetic traces today on the IOM, left behind through intermarriage with the occupying Scandinavians. Additionally, the Island came under the control of neighbouring Scotland, Ireland and ultimately England at various times in its history, and so it would be expected that some traces of their DNA, insofar as it can be distinguished from that of the indigenous Manx, would also be found today.
The only previous work on the DNA of the Isle of Man was carried out in a study led by Capelli et al. and published in 2003. Amongst other findings, this confirmed the existence in the male population of the British Isles of genetic traces of people of Scandinavian origin in places where Vikings were known to have settled. It is known that there were different waves of Viking movements out of Scandinavia from both Norway and Denmark, but it was not possible to differentiate between the genetic signatures of the Norwegians and Danish.
As part of this study Y-DNA samples were collected and analysed from 62 men resident on the Isle of Man and possessing traditional Manx names. The Y-DNA analysis consisted of testing of 6 Y-STR markers and a range of Y-SNP markers to determine the larger haplogroup designation of the person tested. The results showed that the Manx male population, as tested then, was a mixture of Haplogroups R1a, R1b and I. The broad inference drawn from these results was that approximately 29% of Manx males showed a possible Scandinavian genetic origin (Haplogroups R1a + I) and the remaining 71% (Haplogroup R1b) a Celtic origin.
Since 2003 a number of things have changed however:-
Thus the project coordinator believes that, in light of this background of greater knowledge and access to more precise testing, it may now be possible to shed more light on the genetic background of the population of the Isle of Man, and has initiated this project accordingly.
Details of the project scope and objectives can be found here.
If you have any questions about this site please contact John A Creer. Copyright John A Creer 2013


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Worker Health Study Summaries
Research on long-term exposure
NIOSH Multi-Site Leukemia Study
NOTE: This page is archived for historical purposes and is no longer being maintained or updated.
NOTICE: These are NIOSH Archive Documents, and may not represent current NIOSH Policy. They are presented here as historical content, for research and review purposes only. This collection of Worker Notification Materials and any recommendations made herein are relevant for specific worker populations. The results do not predict risk for a given individual. The results may not be universally applicable.
NIOSH researchers looked at a group of nuclear workers to see if being exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation in the workplace may or may not be linked with fatal leukemia (death caused from leukemia).
Why was this study done?
Previous studies suggest exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation may cause leukemia. However, it is still uncertain if low doses of ionizing radiation, which are common in some workplaces, may also cause leukemia.
Leukemia is a type of cancer, an illness that starts in blood-forming tissue such as bone marrow. Leukemia causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced. The cancer cells interfere with the body's production of healthy cells, making the body unable to fight off infections.
Leukemia is either chronic (slowly progressing) or acute (rapidly progressing).
There are many types of leukemia. The four main types are:
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
What nuclear facilities were involved in this study?
Five U.S. nuclear facilities were involved:
- Hanford Site
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (including Zia workers)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
- Savannah River Site
Between the 1940s and 1990s, a total of 94,517 workers were monitored for radiation exposure at these facilities. Using death certificates, we found 257 of these workers died from a type of leukemia.
Who was included in the study?
Because this study focused on fatal leukemia we wanted to learn more about the workers who died from leukemia by comparing them to workers who did not die from leukemia.
This study included 249 of the 257 workers who died from leukemia (eight workers were not included because it was not clear what type of leukemia they died from). These 249 workers died from different types of leukemia see graph 1).
We compared the 249 workers to a sample of 995 workers from these sites who did not die from leukemia and were the same age as the workers who had died from leukemia.
How was the study done?
Using information and records gathered from the study sites, we estimated radiation doses for the 249 workers who died from leukemia. Radiation doses were also estimated for the comparison group of 995 workers who did not die from leukemia.
We noted if any of these workers smoked or were exposed to other possible cancer-causing agents in the workplace, including benzene and carbon tetrachloride.
We compared the radiation doses of workers who died of leukemia to the radiation doses of the comparison group. From this, we were able to examine the possible link between fatal leukemia and the amount of radiation exposure in the workplace. This is called the "doseresponse" relation.
What did the study find?
- The death rate for chronic myeloid, acute lymphocytic, acute myeloid and the other, less common types of leukemia combined was slightly higher in workers exposed to more than one rem of radiation total during their employment at one of these sites compared to workers who received lower doses.
- No increase in death rate for the chronic lymphocytic type of leukemia was seen among these workers.
- On average, workers with fatal leukemia were exposed to a total of three rems of radiation during their employment at one of these sites.
- The dose response relation in our study was similar to earlier studies of radiation-exposed populations.
Graph 1: Types of leukemia the 249 workers died from.
What does this mean?
After taking into account smoking and exposure to benzene and carbon tetrachloride, we found the risk of some types of leukemia was slightly higher in workers exposed to more than one rem of radiation.
One way this can be explained is by comparing two groups of men in the U.S.: one group not exposed to radiation and a second group exposed to three rems of radiation (the average total exposure in the workers with fatal leukemia). The normal lifetime chance of dying from leukemia in the first group is 71 men out of 10,000. The lifetime chance of dying from leukemia in the second group is 77 men out of 10,000.
If you were exposed to this level it does not mean you will get leukemia. It is important to remember that our study looked at these workers as a group, and therefore cannot predict the future health of any one person.
What were the limitations?
Because methods to record radiation exposure have improved over time, it is likely exposure estimates are more accurate for later years compared to those from the 1940's. When we looked at workers with the same amount of radiation exposure, we found workers hired after 1952 seemed to have a higher chance of leukemia than workers hired earlier.
Also, this study only included workers who died from leukemia. Workers who currently have, or did not die from leukemia were not included because information on cancer illness was not available in all states until recently.
What should you do?
Average radiation exposures are generally lower in workers today compared to 40 years ago because of improved technology and changes in work practices. If you currently work with radioactive materials or non-radioactive hazardous materials, contact your health and safety representative if you have any questions about your exposure or how to best protect yourself.
Information on the types, symptoms, and treatment of leukemia
The American Cancer Society
or call _PHONE_.
The National Cancer Institute
or call 800-4-CANCER
Building Trades National Medical Screening Program
This program is designed to identify health problems caused by hazardous substances workers may have been exposed to while working on a Department of Energy site. For more information, visit _URL_ or call _PHONE_.
Compensation Program for Civilian Nuclear Weapons Workers
If you have developed an illness you think might be related to exposure from working at a Department of Energy (DOE) site or a DOE contractor facility, you could be eligible for benefits under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (EEOICPA).
EEOICPA, administered by the Department of Labor, provides compensation and medical benefits for certain civilian nuclear weapons workers (and their survivors) who may have developed certain work-related illnesses, including cancer. NOTE: Not all DOE workers will be eligible for this compensation.
The NIOSH Office of Compensation Analysis and Support (OCAS) helps the Department of Labor (DOL) by reconstructing radiation doses for certain claimants who have developed cancer.
For more information about EEOICPA, visit _URL_ or _URL_
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
CDC is the federal agency that works to promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. For more information, visit _URL_ or call 800-CDC-INFO.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
NIOSH is the federal agency within CDC that is responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. For more information, visit _URL_
This study was done by the NIOSH Occupational Energy Research Program (OERP) and was funded by the Department of Energy (DOE). For more information about the OERP or to obtain an electronic copy of this worker notification, visit: _URL_ or call 800-CDC-INFO
Schubauer-Berigan MK, et al. Risk of chronic myeloid and acute
leukemia mortality following exposure to ionizing radiation among workers
at four U.S. nuclear weapons facilities and a nuclear naval shipyard.
Radiation Research. 2007; 167:222-232.
PDF document (107KB; 11 pages)
Schubauer-Berigan MK, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and radiation: findings among workers at five US nuclear facilities and a review of the recent literature. British Journal of Haematology. 2007; 139:799-808.
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
TTY: _PHONE_
- New Hours of Operation
- Contact CDC-INFO


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Insurance license renewal and initiation is an important process for insurers to consider. Each state has different processes and necessities that must be fulfilled in order for the renewal process to become satisfied. Understanding these requirements and complying with them is crucial. Here are a few things to keep in mind regarding insurance licensing:
1. Understand the Requirements for Each State
When initiating a license in a particular state, there may be different requirements for each state. For example, Georgia requires a citizenship affidavit and Florida requires finger prints. It is important to understand these issues and take note of them to order licenses correctly.
2. Follow Changes In Laws and Regulations
These are constantly changing in every state. If you are not properly informed of these changes you may fall out of compliance. For example, Massachusetts recently changed continuing education requirements to include three credits of ethics as well as changing the CE deadline to the producer's license renewal date (see here).
3. Take Note of Renewal Dates
It is crucial to take note of when these dates are upcoming so your licenses do not become out of compliance. When you forget to renew a given license, fees and penalties can follow along with them. Selling policies while improperly licensed not only can result in penalties, but also result in suspension as well as adversely affecting your reputation.
The insurance license process can be hard for businesses to manage with so many other priorities needing attention. The National License Compliance Group (NLC Group) can take care of these critical tasks for you and ensure you will never become out of compliance. With our specialized services offering email alert notifications and management dashboards to display license and appointment information, the license management process can be a breeze.


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The History of the Ukulele
Hawaii is a true melting pot of many ethnicities. They range from those with Hawaiian ancestry, from Asian backgrounds as well as those from Europe, including Portugal. During the late 19th century, men and women immigrated from the Portuguese islands of Madeira and Azores to the Hawaiian Islands. This migration lasted from 1878 to 1913, bringing many of the Portuguese influences evident in Hawaii today. Some of these items have become iconic aspects of Hawaiian culture, whether it is in food, customs or music. One of icons is the ukulele. Here is an overview of the history of the ukulele.
History of the Ukulele in Hawaii
The history of the ukulele in Hawaii is a colorful one. Most people associate the ukulele with Hawaii's island-culture, without knowing the instrument's true origin. According to one version of the history, the ukulele made its first appearance in Hawaii in 1879. This occurred with a new immigrant from Madeira, named Joao Fernandes. His arrival in Hawaii made him so happy that he began playing a braguinha as soon as he was off the boat. The braguinha was a precursor to the ukulele. His joyful playing and the way his fingers danced up and down the strings astounded onlookers. As a result, they began to refer to the instrument as the "jumping flea." The word ukulele itself comes from the Hawaiian words uku, meaning gift or reward, and lele, meaning to come.
Types of Ukuleles
The beautifully crafted instruments are in the guitar family. Although they are usually strung with four nylon strings instead of customary six steel strings on a regular guitar. Ukulele makers typically make the instrument from the native Hawaiian koa tree, mango, mahogany, cedar, redwood or spruce.
There are four main kinds of ukuleles, ranging from smallest to largest. The soprano is the most common. The concert is popular for live performances. Musicians typically play the tenor in acoustic or recording sessions. While others play the baritone where deeper tones are needed. Most ukuleles have 4 strings, although there can be as many as 10 or 12 on some variations of the instrument.
The Popularity of the Ukulele
King David Kalakaua popularized the instrument in the late 19th century by learning to play it himself. He also did this by encouraging the playing of ukuleles during hula dances and royal ceremonies. Because of its popularity, three men from Madeira named Augusto Dias, Jose de Santos, and Manuel Nunes, opened up a ukulele shop in Honolulu. Their beautiful ukuleles would sell for about $5 apiece. As Hawaii was becoming a hub of travel and trade, stores soon began selling ukuleles on the mainland US and elsewhere.
Although ukuleles have fluctuated in popularity, you can still hear them in jazz music, romantic songs and even film soundtracks. Ukulele performers from Hawaii have found a new and appreciative international audience. Hawaii-born Jake Shimabukuro is probably the most famous guitar virtuoso in the world today. He has been featured in many worldwide concerts as well as on the national media. While they are now manufactured worldwide, the origin and sound of ukuleles are still associated with Hawaii.
The Ukulele Today
The history of the ukulele in Hawaii and its legacy continue to flourish. Today, you can hear ukuleles in Hawaiian hula dances, at Hawaiian weddings or at the beach. During every July on Oahu, music lovers celebrate these iconic instruments at the annual Ukulele Festival. The festival offers hours of open-air ukulele concerts, authentic Hawaiian food booths, ukulele displays, lessons and even free instrument giveaways. Tourists and Hawaii residents unite to celebrate a mutual love of music and Hawaiian culture.
One of the most notable moments of the events occurs when nearly 800 young students play in a stunning ukulele orchestra. Families planning a trip to Hawaii should consider going to Oahu in July during this festival. This is because this is an unforgettable way for children to expand their knowledge of these beautiful instruments. One of the most beautiful aspects of Hawaiian culture is the music. So for many, there is no sound more soothing than the melodious strumming of a ukulele.


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Some providers may request metabolic testing for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It is helpful for individuals with ASD and their families to understand why this test may be requested.
Metabolic testing is a way to study the body's chemistry in action. By measuring blood and urine samples at specific times in relation to fasting or meals, one can determine if a metabolic disorder is present that can contribute to autism. As an example, problems with energy production can result from insufficient activity of mitochondria, which are important parts of all cells and may function abnormally in as many as 20% of children with autism.
The week little Neil Buckley lost all his words, Maura and Paul Buckley lost their bearings.
The Lurie Center for Autism conducts innovative research to advance knowledge of autism spectrum and developmental disorders.
The Lurie Center for Autism is committed to advancing knowledge about autism spectrum disorders (ASD) for families, professionals, students, and trainees.


About Seesaw Sign Up
Teachers, save "Count the Falling Leaves🍁🍂" to assign it to your class.
Bobbi Hopkins (_USER_)
Student Instructions
Count the Falling Leaves🍁🍂
Make the leaves fall to the ground but as you do, count out loud. As you move them, you can swirl them around as if they are floating through the air down to the ground below. 1. Tap to get started. Find your name and tap it. 2. Tap the tool. Now you can move the leaves! But first, tap the red button. 3. After the 3-2-1 countdown, touch each leaf and move it to the ground, counting out loud as you do this. Tap when you're finished counting. 4. After you've finished moving and counting leaves, you can use the or tool to write the total number of leaves that you made fall to the ground! 5. Tap the twice to save to your journal.
1st Grade, Kindergarten, Science, Math
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Students will edit this template:
Teacher Notes (not visible to students)
The sample has not only the directions stated orally but a brief demonstration showing students how to do the activity. You can have students add other finishing touches if you'd like - drawing themselves in the scene or adding in foraging animals like squirrels. Note: The feature is only available in iOS.


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Janmashtami is the birth anniversary of Lord Krishna
, the eighth incarnation of Lord Vishnu
. It is celebrated all over India. Janmashtami is the most important festival of Mathura
. The birth of Lord Krishna is celebrated with great pomp and splendor here.
Raslila or the enactment of the various episodes of Krishna's life is the main feature of the celebrations. Ceremonies in the temples at midnight include bathing of the image of infant Krishna which is then placed in a silver cradle. Devotional songs are sung and toys are offered for the amusement of the divine child. Thousands gather to offer their prayers and Mathura is astir with celebrations. Nightlong prayers are offered and religious hymns are sung in the temples all over the country.


Four Steps Toward Implementing Performance-Based Compensation
Setting Up a Performance-Based Compensation Program
A new web-based program, VHR-Advisor, makes setting up performance-based compensation easy. This program will:
 - Accurately and productively identify the key responsibilities of each staff member.
 - Provide measurable and meaningful rewards for your employees, based on their level of contribution.
Are you struggling with annual reviews and employees who feel entitled to a pay raise every year, regardless of their performance? Is each staff member clear about the things they do that have the greatest impact on profitability? Is it becoming increasingly more difficult to keep up with employee reviews as you add more locations and your staff grows larger? Do you find it difficult to provide constructive feedback?
If just one, two or all of these challenges are true for your business, consider implementing performance-based compensation to overcome them. Here are four steps you can take to stop entitlement raises, provide job clarity, motivate employees and take the dread out of review time:
1. Determine your overall goal.
You have to know where you are going in order to get there! Your staff must understand this as well. Stating a yearly production number or percentage increase is not enough. Imagine a beginning dart player who has a goal to hit the bull's-eye. Of course, there is a remote chance they will get lucky and hit it, but it is not likely. Hitting the bull's-eye requires focus, practice and precision. Similarly, getting to your overall goal requires focus, practice and precision.
Once the yearly goal has been set, break it up into months or quarters to gain greater focus. Break it down even further by location. Next, set up scoreboards in staff lunch rooms that continually remind everyone of what the goal is and how close you are to meeting it.
2. Clearly articulate and document the role each person has in meeting the goal.
Each team member needs to clearly understand their unique role and accountabilities toward meeting your goal. There are five areas of accountability that each employee has:
 - Expertise
 - Profitability
 - Customer service
 - Teamwork
 - Housekeeping
By giving precise direction to each employee, the chances of achieving your goal greatly improve. Ask your employees to create a worksheet with these five categories and then refine it with them. When someone is involved in their own review system their buy-in increases tenfold.
3. Measure and manage performance.
Every role should have a success measurement tied to it. In other words, staff members need to understand what is expected of them and what represents a home run and a win. Managers need to schedule quarterly one-on-one time with their direct reports to stay on track. During this time, each employee should be rated on their personal goals, using the following scale:
Rate on a scale of 1 to 4:
1 = barely getting by
2 = meets expectations
3 = exceeds expectations
4 = clearly outstanding
The majority of employees will be in the 2.3 to 3.0 rating. These quarterly one-on-one meetings give the manager a chance to encourage an employee who rates high and to coach an employee with a lower rating.
During the meeting, discuss each area of accountability, where they are succeeding and where they need improvement. What could they do to get that 2 up to a 3 next time? As they prosper so does the business, so find out if they need any additional training or resources to help them accomplish their goals.
4. Align raises and bonuses directly to performance ratings.
This is where entitlement compensation ends and performance-based compensation begins. A pay increase is not given just because an employee has shown up to work. Pay increases should be tied directly to the ratings and only given when the goal is met. By aligning raises and bonuses to individual ratings, you are ensuring that each employee receives fair compensation based on their participation toward meeting the overall goal.
Employees who are part of a performance-based compensation program find higher job satisfaction because raises and bonuses are not a surprise. Many feel that depending on the doctor's mood determines their compensation. Instead, performance-based compensation creates a positive environment to reward success.
Rebecca Johnson, CPOT, COT, COE, is the executive director, business consultative services, for GPN, and managing director, VHR-Advisor.


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You can use Nelio Popups to specifically show a popup to visitors using a specific device type.
In this article, you'll learn how to target users of devices to show your popup.
Using Device Condition
When you are ready to use the Device condition, follow these steps:
- Go to Nelio Popups » All Popups and edit the one you want.
- In the editor sidebar, go to the Settings panel, and open the Conditions tab.
- Add or modify a condition by selecting 'Device'.
Then, you can select if you want to target users whose device is one of the list, or those whose device is not in the list. To do so, select the 'is' or 'is not' condition from the selector.
Finally, select the list of devices for the condition. You can select amongst the following values:
- Smart TV
After setting the condition, save the popup and then it will open if the condition is met.


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The Treason of Isengard
The Treason of Isengard continues the account of the creation of The Lord of the Rings started in the earlier volume, The Return of the Shadow. It traces the great expansion of the tale into new lands and new peoples south and east of the Misty Mountains: the emergence of Lothlorien, of Ents of the Riders of Rohan, and of Saruman and White in the fortress of Isengard. In brief outlines and pencilled drafts dashed down on scraps of paper are seen the first entry of Galadriel, the earliest ideas of the history of Gondor, and the original meeting of Aragorn and Eowyn, its significance destined to be wholly transformed. The book also contains a full account of the original map which was to be the basis of the emerging geography of Middle-earth; and an appendix examines the Runic alphabets, with illustrations of the forms and an analysis of the Runes used in the Book of Mazarbul found beside Balin's tomb in Moria.


Search results
Load accordion items dynamically in JavaScript Accordion control
04 Aug 2021 / 2 minutes to read
Accordion items can be added dynamically by passing the item and index value with the addItem method.
In the following demo, new items are added dynamically when you expand an Accordion header using expanded event.
 - Data is fetched from the data source and it is formatted as a JSON object with header and content fields.
 - Here last index is calculated to append the new Accordion item at the end and the number of items are limited to 10, since the data bound have only 10 items.
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import { Accordion, ExpandEventArgs, AccordionClickArgs, AccordionItemModel } from '_USER_/ej2-navigations';
import { accordion } from './datasource.ts';
let dbFlag: number = 0;
let dynamciAcrdnCount: number = 2;
let acrdnObj: Accordion = new Accordion({
 expanded: expanded,
 items : [
 { header: 'ASP.NET Core ', content:'ASP.NET Core is a free and open-source web framework, and the next generation of ASP.NET, developed by Microsoft and the community. It is a modular framework that runs on both the full.NET Framework, on Windows, and the cross-platform.NET Core.' },
 { header: 'ASP.NET MVC', content : 'The Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern separates an application into three main components: the model, the view, and the controller.' },
function expanded( e: ExpandEventArgs) {
 //Find the expanded state item in accordion
 let Elementindex = document.getElementsByClassName("e-expand-state e-selected e-active")[0];
 //Check the expand state item and currently selected item index. If it is expanded state add dyanmic items or else does nothing
 if([] == [] {
 let array: AccordionItemModel[] = accordion as AccordionItemModel[];
 for(let i: number = 0 ; i < dynamciAcrdnCount; i++)
 if (dbFlag === array.length) { //checking whether all the items in data source added
 return; }
 // Item object and the index argument passed into the additem method to add a new accordion
 acrdnObj.addItem( array[dbFlag], acrdnObj.items.length );
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 Essential JS 2 Accordion

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export let accordion: Object[] = [
 header: 'ASP.NET Razor ',
 content:'Razor is an ASP.NET programming syntax used to create dynamic web pages with the C# or Visual Basic.NET programming languages. Razor was in development in June 2010 and was released for Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 in January 2011. Razor is a simple-syntax view engine and was released as part of MVC 3 and the WebMatrix tool set. '
 header: 'EmberJS ',
 header: 'Hypertext Markup Language ',
 header: 'HTML5 ',
 header: 'JavaScript ',
 content:'JavaScript (JS) is an interpreted computer programming language. '
 header: 'JSP ',
 header: 'Perl ',
 header: 'PHP ',
 header: 'Ruby ',
 header: 'Typescript ',


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By Ben Dean, Ph.D.
Definition: What is Wisdom?
The strength of wisdom refers to the ability to take stock of life in large terms, in ways that make sense to oneself and others [ii]
Wisdom is the product of knowledge and experience, but it is more than the accumulation of information. It is the coordination of this information and its deliberate use to improve well-being. In a social context, wisdom allows the individual to listen to others, to evaluate what they say, and then offer them good (sage) advice.
Famous paragons of wisdom include the major religious leaders of history--leaders such as Jesus, Lao-tzu, the Buddha, the Prophet. Famous statesmen and stateswomen throughout history such as Winston Churchill, and Eleanor Roosevelt are also exemplars of the strength of wisdom.
Who Studies Wisdom?
Since the time of Aristotle, wisdom has been contemplated by philosophers, theologians, and most anyone concerned with the Good Life and how to live it. (For a good review of the history of wisdom, see Assmann, 1994.)
In recent psychological history, two major research groups stand out as major contributors to the scientific study of wisdom: Paul Baltes and his colleagues at the Max Planck Institue for Human Development in Berlin and Robert Sternberg and colleagues at Yale University. There is much overlap between the way the two groups conceptualize wisdom and their research findings are often complementary. Yet it is interesting to note the unique theoretical slant that drives the research of each group:
- Baltes and colleagues define wisdom as expertise in the conduct and meaning of life. According to their theory, a wise person is someone who knows what is most important in life and how to get it. He or she knows what constitutes the meaningful life and how to plan for and manage such a life (Baltes & Staudinger, 2000).
- Sternberg's most recent definition of wisdom stems from his "balance theory of wisdom." According to this theory, people are wise to the extent that they use their intelligence to seek a common good. They do so by balancing their own interests with those of other people and those of larger entities (e.g., family, community, country). Wise people can adapt to new environments, change their environments, or select new environments to achieve an outcome that includes but goes beyond their personal self-interest (Sternberg, 1998)
Interesting Research Findings About Wisdom
Wisdom is a positive predictor of successful aging. In fact, wisdom is more robustly linked to the well-being of older people than objective life circumstances such as physical health, financial well-being, and physical environment (Ardelt, 1997; Baltes, Smith, & Staudinger, 1992; Bianchi, 1994; Clayton, 1982; Hartman, 2000).
In a fascinating study of women through midlife, Hartman (2000) found that those women who made major changes in the domains of love and work were higher in the development of wisdom by midlife. Interestingly, she found that making life changes in the 30s appeared to have a particularly positive effect on the development of wisdom.
Experiencing stressful life events across time can facilitate the development of wisdom--up to a point. People seem to benefit from stressful life experiences, particularly if they respond well to them. But as the ratio of negative to positive life experiences tips in favor of the negative, wisdom is inhibited (Hartman, 2000).
Wisdom is distinct from intelligence as measured by IQ tests (Sternberg, 2000). Indeed, Sternberg goes so far as to suggest that intelligent, well-educated people are particularly susceptible to four fallacies that inhibit wise choices and actions. You can read more about these fallacies in Sternberg's entertaining book Why Smart People Can Be So Stupid (2003), but I will summarize them here. As you read the list, see if you can generate relevant examples of famous political and business leaders who have been susceptible to these fallacies!
==> The Egocentrism Fallacy: thinking that the world revolves, or at least should revolve, around you. Acting in ways that benefit yourself, regardless of how that behavior affects others.
==> The Omniscience Fallacy: believing that you know all there is to know and therefore do not have to listen to the advice and counsel of others.
==> The Omnipotence Fallacy: believing that your intelligence and education somehow make you all-powerful.
==> The Invulnerability Fallacy: believing that you can do whatever you want and that others will never be able to hurt you or expose you.
==> In addition to watching out for the four fallacies listed above, consider the following wisdom-building activities compiled, in part, by psychologist Jonathan Haidt:
==> Read the works of great thinkers and religious leaders (e.g., Gandhi, Buddha, Jesus, Mother Theresa, Nelson Mandela). Read classic works of literature. Contemplate the?wisdom of the ages.?
==> Think of the wisest person you know. Try to live each day as that person would live.
==> Look up prominent people in history and learn their views on important issues of their day.
==> Volunteer at a nursing home and talk with residents about their lives and the lessons they have learned.
==> Subscribe to two news editorial publications that are on opposite ends of the political spectrum (e.g., The National Review for the conservative perspective and The Nation for the liberal perspective). Read them both and consider both sides of the issues.
Remember that wisdom, like all of the character strengths we will cover in this series, exists on a continuum and can be developed with effort.
I hope you enjoyed this newsletter! See you in two weeks when we discuss the character strength Bravery.
References and Recommended Readings
Assman, A. (1994). Wholesome knowledge: Concepts of wisdom in a historical and cross-cultural perspective. In D. L. Featherman, R.M. Lerner, & M. Perlmutter (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (Vol. 12, pp. 187-224). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Baltes, P.B. & Staudinger, U.M. (2000). Wisdom: A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence. American Psychologist, 55, 122-136.
Bianchi, E. (1994). Elder wisdom: Crafting your elderhood. New York: Crossroad.
Clayton, V.P. (1982). Wisdom and intelligence: The nature and function of knowledge in the later years. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 15, 315-321.
Hartman, P.S. (2000). Women developing wisdom: Antecedents and correlates in a longitudinal sample. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Peterson, C. and Seligman, M. E. P. (Eds.). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. New York: Oxford University Press.
Sternberg (2003). Why smart people can be so stupid. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Sternberg, R. J. (2000). Intelligence and wisdom. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence (pp. 631-649). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Sternberg, R. J. (1999). Schools should nurture wisdom. In B.Z. Presseisen (Ed.), Teaching for intelligence (pp. 55-82). Arlington Heights, IL: Skylight Training and Publishing.
Sternberg, R. J. (1998). A balance theory of wisdom. Review of General Psychology, 2, 347-365.
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text:
Because some students may not want to answer all 57 items at Grade 4, or all 60 questions at Grade 7—before seeing their scores—a new option is available that divides the science questions into Part I (30 questions) and Part II (either 27 questions in Grade 4, or 30 questions in Grade 7).
Students can take Part I and get their score for Part I. They can then continue with Part II and get their score for Part II as well as a combined score for Parts I and II. This is clarified below.
When students have finished Part II, they will see both a Part II score and a Combined Score of Part I and Part II as shown below.
If students click the "Home" icon in the top-right corner, they will view a window enabling them to access both Parts I and II, as shown below. Students can view existing responses by clicking the "Take" button or take the tests again as desired.
IMPORTANT TO KNOW: Once the window is closed, or if student clicks the "Sign Out" link, all responses are erased.
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text:
Students write longer compositions while studying the different kinds of composition: descriptive, narrative, expository, compare and contrast, and persuasive.
Mechanics of Composition
Catholic Homeschool High School Course
This semester course of composition begins with a review of the basic characteristics of a good paragraph, including topic sentences, unity and coherence in a paragraph, and the use of relevant supporting details.
ENG122 | Credit: 1/2 | Prerequisites: None


text:
In the case of clarinet in A, a suitable transposition would be:
trans -d -2 -c -3
command adds a transposition interpretation to the output in order
to identify that the material has been shifted.
**kern representation, transposed instruments must be explicitly
identified using a special "transposing-instrument interpretation"
(see Humdrum Reference Manual -- Section 3 for details).
A suitable interpretation can be created by adding the
upper-case letter 'I' prior to the 'T' in the appropriate tandem interpretation.
In the case of a horn in F for example, the transpostion interpretation
would be modified from
Humdrum provides standardized instrumentation indicators.
Three different types of indication are appropriate:
(1) the instrument name as indicated in the source,
(2) standardized instrument name, and (3) instrument class.
Standardized instrument names can be found in
For example, the standard indicator for "harpsichord"
Standardized instrument class designators include
*ICklav for keyboard instruments
*ICidio for percussion instruments, etc.,
and instrument grouping designators -- such as
*IGacmp for accompaniment instruments.
These instrument class designators can also be found in
In addition, the original instrument name (as found in the score) should also be encoded as a Humdrum local comment.
Humdrum tools prefer to have explicit information indicating the beginning of the first measure. If a file does not begin with an anacrusis ("pickup") then it is appropriate to encode an "invisible" first barline. For a hypothetical file containing five spines, we would need to insert the following line just before the first note(s) in the work:
=1- =1- =1- =1-
Recall that the common system for representing barlines makes a distinction between the logical function of a barline and it's visual or orthographic appearance. For example, the common system for barlines distinguishes between double barlines whose function is to indicate the end of a work or movement, and double barlines that simply delineate sections within the course of a work or movement. It is possible for a barline at the end of the work to be "functionally" a double barline, yet appear visually as a single barline.
Functional double barlines are encoded with a double equals sign (==) whether or not they are visually rendered as double barlines. Functional single barlines are encoded with a single equals sign (=) whether or not they are visually rendered as single barlines.
The specific visual appearance may be encoded following the equals sign(s). The vertical line (|) represents a 'thin' line and the exclamation mark (!) represents a 'thick' line. A typical final double bar would be encoded:
Most mid-movement double bars are encoded with two thin lines and so would be encoded:
A common encoding error is to render mid-movement double barlines as functional rather than orthographic double-bars.
**kern representation makes a distinction between
whole-tone and semitone trills and mordents.
Typically, each ornament must be examined manually and the
correct code selected.
In some cases, the size of the trill or mordent will be ambiguous and so some sort of editorial decision will be necessary. One possibility is to add the kern 'x' signifier immediately following the 'T' or 't'. This indicates that the trill size is an "editorial interpretation."
**kern representation treats appoggiaturas in a
**kern is oriented to representing things
in a manner closer to how they sound.
Consequently, appoggiaturas are encoded as they would be
For example, a quarter-note preceded by an appoggiatura (small note)
would be performed as two eighth-notes.
Similarly, a dotted quarter-note preceded by an appoggiatura
would be performed as a quarter-note followed by an eighth-note.
All appoggiaturas must be re-encoded in a
way that reflects their likely performance.
At the same time, the two notes forming the appoggiatura
must be marked in the kern representation:
the initial note of the appoggiatura is marked by the upper-case
P' and the final (second) note of the appoggiatura
is marked by a lower-case letter '
It is helpful to break-up large works/movements into smaller sections that can be labelled. In a binary work, for example, it may be useful to label the 'A' and 'B' sections. In a sonata-allegro work, it may be useful to label the introduction, exposition, development, recapitulation, etc. Some works include explicitly notated labels. These labels may be traditional, e.g. "Coda," or they may reflect programatic descriptions, such as the section entitled Il canto degl'uccelli [The song of the birds] in Vivaldi's The Four Seasons.
Where appropriate, suitable section labels should be created and encoded using the Humdrum Section Label designator. Remember that section labels can include the space character:
If you include section labels, you must also include a Humdrum "Expansion List" to indicate how the sections are connected. The Humdrum thru command causes a through-composed version of a file to be generated according to the expansion list. For example, an expansion list for a simple binary work may be encoded as:
Remember that expansion lists ought to be encoded prior to the first section label.
Whenever a work/movement includes repeats or Da Capos, section labels and expansion lists must be encoded. In some cases, there is more than one way of interpreting how to realize the repeats. The most "conventional" realization should be encoded with the unnamed expansion list. This will specify the default expansion using the Humdrum thru command. Suppose for example, that you are encoding a typical minuet and trio. The conventional performance practice involves repeating all sections of both the minuet and trio, but then avoiding the repeats in the minuet following the Da Capo. A suitable expansion list might be:
An alternative expansion list might be encoded as follows (notice the expansion-list-label ossia):
Humdrum provides several ways of encoding editorialisms. These include editorial footnotes, local comments, global comments, interpretation data, sic and ossia designations, version labels, sectional labels, and expansion lists.
representation provides several
special-purpose signifiers to help make explicit various
classes of editorial
amendments, interpretations, or commentaries.
Five types of editorial signifiers are available:
(1) sic (information is encoded literally, but is questionable)
signified by the
(2) invisible symbol (Unprinted note, rest or barline,
but logically implied) signified by the
(3) editorial interpretation, (a "modest" editorial act
of interpretation -- such as the interpretation of accidentals in
musica ficta) signified by the
(4) editorial intervention (a "significant" editorial
intervention) signified by the
(5) footnote (accompanying local or global comment provides
a text commentary pertaining to specified data token)
One of the most onerous impositions of the
representation is the requirement that the music be
interpreted into a coherent spine organization.
Why not avoid interpreting the voicings?
The answer to this question is that editorial interventions are often essential clarifications that make a document useable. Without voicing information, users would be unable to calculate melodic intervals, for example. Without melodic intervals, it may be impossible to search for themes, motives, and other patterns. Editorial interpretations are not simply unwarranted obfuscations. This does not mean that interpretations are "correct" and so it may be necessary to provide several alternative or plausible interpretations of an artifact.
One of the advantages of computers is that it is possible for documents to undergo continuous revision. In research, it is common for documents to be reinterpreted, annotated, or recast in light of newly found documents.
The kern '
x' signifies an "editorial interpretation"
-- that the immediately preceding signifier is interpreted.
The kern '
xx' also signifies an editorial interpretation
where the immediately preceding data token is interpreted.
The kern '
X' signifies an "editorial intervention"
-- that the immediately preceding signifier is an editorial
The kern '
XX' also signifies an editorial intervention
where the immediately preceding data token is an editorial addition.
The kern '
y' designates a invisible symbol -- such as
an unprinted note or rest that is logically implied.
The kern '
Y' signifies an editorial
marking -- that the information is encoded literally,
but is questionable.
The kern '
?' signifies an editorial footnote where the
immediately preceding signifier has an accompanying editorial
footnote (located in a comment record).
The kern '
??' signifies an editorial footnote where
the immediately preceding data token has an accompanying
editorial footnote (located in a comment record).
Reference information must be added to each file. This information provides "library-type" information about the composer, date of composition, place of composition, copyright notice, etc.
As many reference records should be added as possible since these are immensely useful to Humdrum users. Essential reference records include the following:
title (in original language)
movement number (if appropriate)
opus number (if appropriate)
date of composition
place of composition
publisher of electronic edition
date & owner of electronic copyright
date electronic edition released
country of copyright
encoder of document
electronic edition version
file number, e.g. 1 or 4 (1/4)
checksum validation number (see below)
Where appropriate, the following reference records should


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Exercise 1 - Finding the best evidence
In conversation with someone who is expecting, you are asked for your thoughts on whether they should consider having umbilical cord blood banked after they give birth. They are wondering if it is worth the cost, and if it poses any risks to the baby. You are unfamiliar with this practice, and want to provide the best evidence possible, but you know you won't have a lot of time to look it up.
 - Using the evidence pyramid as your benchmark, what is the strongest, most relevant piece of evidence on this topic you can find?
 - What tools/search words were most helpful?
What is the 6S pyramid?
The 6S evidence pyramid above is designed to help health practitioners prioritize evidence. The higher up the pyramid your evidence falls, the more weight you should give it in your clinical decision making process. Not every topic will have evidence at all levels – use the highest level that is available.
Currently, we do not have access to Systems level evidence at Mount Royal. The resources listed below will help you look for evidence at each of the remaining levels.
The image above is based on levels discussed in the following article:
DiCenso, A., Bayley, L., & Haynes, R. B. (2009). Accessing pre-appraised evidence: Fine-tuning the 5S model into a 6S model. Evidence Based Nursing, 12. 99-101.
Student Evaluation of Librarian's Instruction
As a faculty member at MRU, I have periodic evaluations of my instruction. Please take a few minutes to complete the following evaluation, which I will use to improve my teaching.
Login using your MRU username and password.
Select today's class from the list on your personalized Blue Dashboard by clicking on the Select link to the far right of the course name.
Please complete evaluation and Submit.
Cari Merkley's picture
Cari Merkley
Phone: _PHONE_
Office: EL4423U


There have been 2200 wildfires in Germany this year.
I did not know Germany as a country where wildfires are a problem. But this year, it felt like they're starting to become one. Although there have been wildfires in Germany every summer, this year alone we've had two record months in the last seven years: There were more than 500 fires spotted by NASA satellites in Germany in April and July.
Still, countries like the US experience far worse; more than 70k fires alone this year. And the Republic of Congo, which is almost exactly as big as Germany, had to deal with six times as many wildfires so far this year.
Chart Choices
The chart above is a chameleon: Already in the past, we've created dot plots and line charts with Datawrapper scatterplots. Today, we made a column chart with an area chart. Why would we do this? Because the Datawrapper area chart is way better at displaying date labels (like months or years) in the correct intervals than our column chart.
This possibility of creating a chart type with another one reveals that there are often no clear boundaries between chart types. A dot plot with enough rows becomes a scatter plot. A scatter plot with enough dots on a line becomes a line chart. A line chart that is filled with a color below the line becomes an area chart. And an area chart with stepped interpolation becomes a column chart. We can push the boundaries of chart types…to then walk into the boundaries of another chart type, or into completely new territory.
As always, you can hover over the chart and click on "Edit this chart" in the top right to see how we've created it. I'll see you next week!


- The Best Motives For Utilizing Organic Skin Care Products
 Well-being, Industrial Design
 There might be various benefits to using organic skin care products. The amount of advantages that a person can gain might depend on a few factors including the type of product and the actual individual. A key benefit is often the restriction of the absorption of chemicals into the bodily systems. As a result, individuals may be protecting themselves against various types of illnesses that can be caused by chemicals.
 There are generally more people looking for organic product lines now than in the recent past. This may possibly be because increasing numbers of individuals are being educated about the benefits that come from using these formulas. There may be varying advantages that users gain based on the product and the person's use of it.
 One of the main reasons why some individuals have decided to use organic products may stem from the fact that they do not have chemicals in them. By using products from nature that have been produced without the use of pesticides, additive and preservatives, individuals may make themselves healthier in the long run. These individuals may be able to avoid certain illnesses that can be caused by exposure to numerous chemicals.
 Usually developers create recipes that are specifically designed for certain purpose. These individuals usually use ingredients to combat what their product is intended for. An example of this would be including an ingredient with anti-bacterial properties within a formula that is for acne. Other substances in recipes for various conditions may include anti-inflammatory or anti-itch properties, and so on.
 Since the ingredients in such items are from nature, they are often rich in nutrients. By applying these formulas to the skin, the biggest organ in the body can absorb the nutrients. These healthy components are sometimes able to get past the actual skin cells and work towards fixing the cause of the problem.
 Future health may be influenced by skin products. Using those with natural ingredients in them might help the condition in the present but it may also add to the health for the future. Certain product lines may include various antioxidants and other components that are good for the human body. As are result, the body may have the capability to remain healthier for longer.
 The products that have higher concentrations of the active ingredients tend to last fairly long. In fact, many of these items last longer than the chemical competitors because individuals do not need to use as much of the formula at one time. As a result, the cost of these items sometimes average out to making them less expensive than the chemical alternatives.
 Multiple advantages can come from using organic skin care products. The formulas that are created are often healthier than those made from chemicals, both for the present and future. These products may have varying results based on a few factors including the purpose for which they are being utilized. Other than the condition that the formula has been designated for, the nutrients may be used by the body for other reasons.
 If you want to learn more about the benefits of natural skin care products check out Madlyn Rose. Complete details on our fine products can be found at _URL_ now.
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text:
The morphology of liquid crystalline polymers and their blends
Abstract (Summary)Nematic liquid crystals polymers (LCPs) encompass a large class of macromolecules exhibiting orientational order when in the melt or solution state. The intrinsic local orientation of these materials yields processing advantages due to lower viscosities than related isotropic (flexible coil) polymers of comparable molecular weight. Highly directional moduli and strengths in the solid state are further benefits of the ease of obtaining high orientations during processing in the melt or solution. Blending and composite fabrication with other materials are the practical methods that must be developed to use LCPs for structural applications. A nematic liquid crystal polymer such as poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) (PBZT) is a rigid rod macromolecule with its length being essentially the mesogenic unit. Such rigid rod polymers are usually lyotropic liquid crystals and are infusible in the pure state so that any fabrication with other materials must be done in the solid or solution state. Thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers have molecular architecture usually consisting of shorter mesogenic units connected with flexible spacers that allow the mobility needed for the existence of flow at higher temperatures. The melt state allows the possibility of melt blending with other polymers using the liquid crystal as a processing aid or a reinforcement that forms in-situ. The purpose of this thesis is to characterize the morphology on various length scales of polymer composite materials obtained by these disparate methods of fabrication. The principle techniques utilized are optical, transmission electron, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. This work consists of an introductory and three subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 describes the morphology of composite films fabricated by attempting to infiltrate isotropic materials (glass or epoxy) into an existing nano-scale fibrillar network that naturally forms when PBZT is coagulated. The PBZT film that was formed by extrusion through a counter-rotating die. In Chapter 3, the morphology of fibers formed from spinning dopes composed of mechanically mixed PBZT and flexible polymer solutions is discussed. In Chapter 4 the morphology of a melt blended thermotropic liquid crystal polymer is compared with mechanical data.
School Location:USA - Massachusetts
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Date of Publication:01/01/1993