Divine Beast Vah Ruta
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This article is about the dungeon inside the Divine Beast. For the Divine Beast in other uses, see Vah Ruta.
The Divine Beast Vah Ruta is one of the four Divine Beasts in Breath of the Wild. The interior of Vah Ruta serves as one of the four main dungeons in the game. Link must defeat Waterblight Ganon in order to free the mechanical beast from Ganon's control.
Gaining Entrance
See also: Divine Beast Vah Ruta (Main Quest)
After Link has completed Reach Zora's Domain and obtained at least twenty Shock Arrows, he meets Prince Sidon at East Reservoir Lake. From there, Sidon will swim around the lake with Link on his back, while the Malice-controlled Vah Ruta will defend itself with giant ice cubes and spiked ice balls shot from cannons. Use Cryonis to destroy these.
Eventually, Sidon will swim in close, allowing Link to use the Zora Armor to swim up a torrent of water and hit a glowing orb with a Shock Arrow. Once all four orbs have been hit, the Divine Beast is subdued, and Sidon brings Link to the entrance.
Dungeon Overview
When entering the Divine Beast, there is a shut gate on the left in the first room. Shoot the eyeball to destroy the Malice, then open the gate with Cryonis to get the dungeon map from the Guidance Stone, allowing Link to change the angle of water coming from Vah Ruta's trunk.
 1. From the door to the map room, head toward the gears on the wall. Use Magnesis to turn the handle, raising the terminal, and then activate it.
 2. Turn around and head to the door on the right which leads outside. Follow the ramp up and enter the door on the right. Besides a Guardian Scout II, there is a water spout moving a smaller water wheel, and an unmoving larger water wheel. A terminal is inside the smaller wheel, and can be accessed by freezing the spout using Cryonis with proper timing.
 3. Using the map to drop water onto the large water wheel, ride it up and go past the Guardian Scout to activate the switch. This creates a waterfall to use as a shortcut. From the switch, paraglide to a walkway leading to the centre of the big wheel, and use Stasis to hold the Ancient Orb in the Shrine Pedestal as it rotates, such that the gate stays open and allows Link to access the terminal right-side-up.
 4. Swim up the waterfall, grab the chest if desired, then go through the corridor behind where the Guardian Scout was. The terminal is on the very tip of the trunk. While this area can only be reached when the trunk is lowered, it can only be activated with the trunk in a high position, so it must be raised once Link reaches the waterspout.
 5. In the centre of Ruta's back, there is a small hole. Jump through it, and once on the surface, destroy the eyeball before the mouth can spit out Cursed Bokoblins. Look down through the gap in the floor to see the terminal surrounded by flames. In front of Link is a wall with gears and a handle. Use Magnesis to turn the handle to open the top of Ruta's head, and use the map to move Ruta's trunk to send water through the openings and extinguish the flame, allowing the final terminal to be activated.
With all the terminals activated, Link can return to the lowest level and enter the door opposite the map room. This is where the main control unit lies, and Waterblight Ganon.
Waterblight Ganon
Main article: Waterblight Ganon
Phase I: Waterblight Ganon uses a spear to attack that has pretty good range which he will swing, thrust, throw or use a shockwave. He also warps around the area. Focus on attacking his eye with arrows to stun him. Bomb arrows will work better than regular arrows as it will inflict more damage. When you hit his eye enough he will be stunned and fall. You can also just shoot him anywhere with an ancient arrow inflicting the most damage and he will fall right away. Run up to him and attack with melee weapons, arrows, elemental arrows or ancient arrows. Perfect dodge or backflip his spear attacks for melee flurry attack as well.
Phase II: As Waterblight Ganon gets towards half health he will take a new approach. He will fill the room with water leaving 4 solid platforms to stand on. He will be hanging from the ceiling now and begin using ice block attacks which can be taken out with Cryonis. It will be difficult to attack him if you are not on solid ground. You can use Cryonis to stand in the water area. When his health gets down enough he will use a laser from his eye. If you get hit by this it will cause significant damage. Continue your attack method as previous. Waterblight Ganon will use any of his attacks with no specific pattern at this point.
Once you defeat Waterblight Ganon, you will receive a Heart Container. Activate the Main Control Unit to free Mipha's spirit and receive Mipha's Grace.
Illusory Realm
See also: Illusory Realm
After activating the main control unit, Link cannot reenter Vah Ruta. However, as part of the EX Champion Mipha's Song DLC quest, he can present three Ruta's Emblems and be drawn into an "Illusory Realm" of memories, where he can re-experience the fight with Waterblight Ganon with limited equipment.
Treasure Chests
 - From the map terminal room, there is a Treasure Chest in the water to the right. Use Magnesis to pull the chest out of the water and open for an Ancient Spring.
 - In the area with the second terminal, a ledge with a Silver Rupee chest can be reached by gliding from the top of the smaller water wheel.
 - In the same room, using the map to set the large waterwheel turning allows access to a malice-covered chest on the outside of the wheel. Kill the eyeball to allow the chest to be looted for the bundle of ten Fire Arrows inside.
 - Inside the large waterwheel, use stasis to hold a block toward the outside of the wheel, allowing access to a chest on the wheel's hub with an Ancient Core. It is advisable to avoid being crushed when the stasis expires.
 - Swim up the waterfall created from pressing the switch, and paraglide from the highest point over to the ledge ahead with the chest. Open it for a Hylia Series spear - depending on the current World Level, possibly a Knight's Halberd or Royal Halberd.
 - Outside, a chest is on the inside of the trunk, containing an Ancient Shaft. Manipulate the trunk until Link can open it.
 - From the tip of the trunk in the highest position, a chest is visible on the left side of Ruta's back covered in Malice, while the eye is on the opposite side. Once the eyeball is destroyed, the chest can be opened for a bundle of ten Ice Arrows.


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Isabella I
In 1469 she married Ferdinand of Aragón (later King Ferdinand II of Aragón and Ferdinand V of Castile). At the death (1474) of her half brother Henry IV of Castile, the succession to Castile was contested between Isabella and Juana la Beltraneja, who was supported by Alfonso V of Portugal. The civil war ended with Isabella's victory in 1479, the year in which Ferdinand became king of Aragón. Isabella and Ferdinand, known as the Catholic kings, ruled Castile and Aragón jointly. Although the union of their crowns was personal rather than institutional, their reign in effect marked the beginning of the unified Spanish kingdom. Isabella's principal aim was to assert royal authority over the lawless Castilian nobility. To this end she revived the medieval hermandad and confiscated the lands of many magnates. She also took over the administration of the holdings of the powerful religious military orders (by making Ferdinand their grand master) and established the Inquisition under royal control. She was a prime mover in the expulsion (1492) of the Jews from Spain, the conquest (1492) of Granada, and the forced conversion of the Moors. She showed foresight in her patronage of Christopher Columbus. The Catholic kings furthered learning and the arts and promoted great building activity. The style of the period is called isabelino after the queen; it combines Gothic, Mudejar, and Renaissance features. Isabella bequeathed Castile to her daughter Joanna, with Ferdinand as regent.
See biographies by I. L. Plunket (1915) and W. T. Walsh (1987); W. H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic (3 vol., 1838; abr. ed. 1962); J. H. Mariéjol, The Spain of Ferdinand and Isabella (1892, tr. 1961); R. B. Merriman, The Rise of the Spanish Empire, Vol. II (1918, repr. 1962); J. H. Elliott, Imperial Spain: 1469–1716 (1963).
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Scientists develop energy saving technique paving way for a carbon neutral society
Scientists develop energy saving technique paving way for a carbon neutral society
Quantifying electric fields in semiconductor devices: The schematic shows electric field distribution in the channel of a GaN transistor; laser beams highlight the second harmonic generation (SHG) nature of the technique. Credit: Yuke Cao
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered a method which will allow for faster communication systems and better energy saving electronics.
The breakthrough was made by establishing how to remotely measure the electric field inside a device for the first time. A semiconductor is a material, such as Silicon, which can be used in to control.
Now, in this new study, published today in Nature Electronics, scientists outline how to precisely quantify this electric field, meaning next generation power and electronic devices can be developed which have the potential to be faster, and more reliable, as well as more energy efficient.
Semiconductor device design can be trial and error, though more commonly it is based on a device simulation which then provides the basis for the manufacture of the for real life applications. When these are new and emerging semiconductor materials, it has often been unknown how accurate and correct these simulations actually are.
Prof Martin Kuball of the University of Bristol's School of Physics said: "Semiconductors can be made to conduct positive or negative charges and can therefore be designed to modulate and manipulate current. However, these semiconductor devices do not stop with Silicon, there are many others including Gallium Nitride (used in blue LEDs for example). These semiconductor devices, which for instance convert an AC current from a power line into a DC current, result in a loss of energy as —look at your laptop for example, the power brick is getting warm or even hot. If we could improve efficiency and reduce this waste heat, we will save energy.
"One applies a voltage to an electronic device, and as a result there is an output current used in the application. Inside this electronic device is an electric field which determines how this device works and how long it will be operational and how good its operation is. No one could actually measure this electric field, so fundamental to the device operation. One always relied on simulation which is hard to trust unless you can actually test its accuracy."
To make good performance and long lasting electronic devices out of these new materials it is important that researchers find the optimal design, where electric fields do not exceed the critical value which would result in their degradation or failure. Experts plan to use newly emerging materials such as Gallium Nitride and Gallium Oxide rather than Silicon, allowing operation at higher frequency and at higher voltages, respectively, so that new circuits are possible which reduce energy loss. This work published by the University of Bristol group will provide an optical tool to enable the direct measurement of within these new devices. This will underpin future efficient power electronics in applications such as solar or wind turbine stations feeding into the national grid, electric cars, trains and planes. Reduced energy loss means societies do not need to produce as much energy in the first place.
Prof Kuball said: "Considering that these devices are operated at higher voltages, this also means electric fields in the devices are higher and this in turn means they can fail easier. The new technique we have developed enables us to quantify electric fields within the devices, allowing accurate calibration of the device simulations that in turn design the electronic devices so the electric fields do not exceed critical limits and fail."
Prof Kuball and his team plan to work with key industrial stake holders to apply the technique to advance their device technology. Within an academic context, they will engage with partners within the $12M US Department of Energy (DOE) ULTRA centre, they are partnered in, to use this technique to make ultra-wide bandgap device technology a reality, allowing energy savings in excess of 10% across the globe.
"This development helps the UK and the world to develop saving semiconductor devices, which is a step towards a carbon neutral society," he added.
Explore further
New material to pave the way for more efficient electronic devices
More information: Electric field mapping of wide-bandgap semiconductor devices at a submicrometre resolution, Nature Electronics (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41928-021-00599-5, _URL_
The technique was developed as part of an Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) project.
Journal information: Nature Electronics
Citation: Scientists develop energy saving technique paving way for a carbon neutral society (2021, June 21) retrieved 25 July 2021 from _URL_
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Ambato · Population
Question: What is the population of Ambato? Answer: Ambato, Ecuador (Administrative unit: Tungurahua) - last known population is ≈ 165 200 (year 2010). This was 1.106% of total Ecuador population. If population growth rate would be same as in period 2001-2010 (+0.78%/year), Ambato population in 2021 would be: 179 829*.
Population history [1]
Annual population change
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +3.21 %/year
[_PHONE_] +2.68 %/year
[_PHONE_] +1.98 %/year
[2001-2010] +0.78 %/year
GPS coordinates: -1.254, -78.623
Local time in Ambato: 11:46 Sunday GMT-5.
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Ambato on city and population density map
Sources, Notices
1962c, 1974c, 1982c, 1990c, 2001c, 2010c. Legend: e-estimate, c-census, o-other,..
* Unofficial, calculated population.
[1] Sources
El Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos del Ecuador In Spanish
INEC, Resultados de Búsqueda Population files (Spanish)
List of cities in Ecuador (DE) Ret. 2018-04-27
- Hammond world atlas 1976, 1998 (Census 1962, 1974)


burden of Jangebe's poverty, did he deserve that punishment for the theft of one cow? Or was the intention of the elite merely to frighten the citizens of Zamfara into silence?
 The punishments for those "entrusted with property or with any dominion over property" who breach that trust is mentioned in Sections 161 and 165. The first says: "Whoever dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his use any movable property, commits criminal misappropriation". The second says: "Whoever commits criminal breach of trust shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years or with fine or with both". In the Zamfara Sharia Law, there is no instance where the misappropriation of public wealth invites any punishment which exceeds 15 years.
 For example, Section 295. For a public servant dishonestly receiving money or property not due, the clause states that they "shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years and shall be liable to caning which may extend to twenty lashes". Thus, although the value of what might have been 'stolen' may be much higher than in what is defined as theft, the offender who converts to his benefit in the case of breaching public trust only gets a prison sentence while the other thief loses her/his limb for life.
 Much Ado About Black Friday
 Friday, in countries such as ours that adopt Sunday as the first day of the week, is the sixth and penultimate day of the week. It derives its name from Frigg, the wife of Odin. Odin is a widely revered god in Germanic mythology and paganism. In Norse mythology, Frigg, Freya or Friia, the wife of Odin and mother of Balder, was a promoter of marriage and fertility. (Any relationship with why some Muslim marriages take place on Fridays?). Frigg was known to other Germanic peoples as Frija (in German) and Frea. Whatever it is, her name survives in English today in the word Friday.
 The term "Black Friday" dates back to Friday, September 24, 1869, when the US gold market crashed, and Wall Street barons went bankrupt. Fisk and Gould's actions left Wall Street barons bankrupt. Jim Fisk and Jay Gould, two Wall Street financiers, had bought large quantities of US gold hoping to make huge profits when prices soar.
 Then in the 1950s, police officers in Philadelphia linked Black Friday to the post-Thanksgiving of the period. In America, the day after Thanksgiving has been the unofficial beginning of the holiday season since the late 19th century when President Abraham Lincoln designated the Thanksgiving holiday as the last Thursday in November. Large crowds of tourists and shoppers came to the city the day after Thanksgiving for the Army-Navy football game, creating chaos, traffic jams and shoplifting opportunities. And because they couldn't take the day off, working long shifts to control the rough-and-tumble, they used the term "Black Friday" to refer to it.
 Therefore, with all the shopping activities taking place the Friday after Thanksgiving, the day became one of the most profitable days of the year for retailers and businesses. At that time, accountants used black to signify profit when recording each day's book entries (and red to indicate a loss). Therefore, the day became known as Black Friday or the day when retailers see positive earnings and profits "in the black."
 To encourage more people to shop, retailers began to offer deep discounts only available on that day. On the other hand, Black Friday becomes a day when consumers can save big money on a variety of items, from appliances to shoes.
 Friday is, therefore, not an Islamic name because it is the name of the wife of a pagan god. Black Friday was also not coined with Islam or Muslims in mind.
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Of ASUU, Fintiri and SelfControl
Of ASUU, Fintiri and self-control
By Hassan Gimba
[email protected], 09029880064
Two issues have spurred me today. The first may have some significant risks, but the second is undoubtedly risky. Firstly, I want to lend my voice to the ongoing imbroglio between the federal government and university teachers' union, otherwise known as ASUU.
It is unfortunate enough that the grass, in this context, university students, have been at the receiving end of this unending brabble between these two elephants: one a mighty imperious federal government and the other, a vital lecturers' union. For sure, there has been no government since 1999 that has shown willingness to bow to ASUU or give education the sort of budget the United Nations' prescribed. Conversely, there has been no ASUU administration since then that has not called out its members to drop the chalk.
It is on record the current federal government, on its way to defeating an incumbent in 2015, promised to make our education sector the envy of all. Perhaps ideas or perceptions change when one is in government. Perhaps when out of government, one views things from a dreamy, above-the-cloud idealistic prism that turns into smoke with the reality of being in power and looking at things from a better angle. Perhaps that was why between 2015 and 2019 the government and ASUU were never on the same page. This is even though, as an-out-of-government current affairs analyst, the minister of education, Malam Adamu Adamu, was the best friend ASUU could have.
But in government, the friendship between the minister and ASUU has been strained because they have never been able to reach a common ground. When 2015 to 2019 ministers – even though it is almost the same set now on board – were thanking the president during their valedictory meeting with him in May last year, Malam Adamu told the president: "This is very important; I hope this occupies your mind, the next cabinet and perhaps the party. The ministry of education should not get less than N1 trillion."
Two years earlier, at a retreat, the presidency held for ministers, the minister had called on the president to declare a state of emergency on education in Nigeria and to increase the government's investment in the sector substantially. Lamenting that education was seriously underfunded in Nigeria when compared to other sub-Saharan African countries, he asserted that the government must spend more to achieve its goals as a change government. He was adamant that to meet the 13 campaign promises the president made to Nigerians on education, the government needed to spend at least one trillion naira yearly on the sector.
For sure, those currently in government and the ASUU leadership enjoyed the best of education Nigeria could give her citizens in their time. From close to free meals, accommodation and tuition, the libraries, workshops and laboratories were up to date. Therefore they all know what ought to be obtainable in the universities.
However, I want to think there is too much reliance on the government that is busy looking for the funds to service its handlers. If Nigerians, in most cases, provide for themselves what the government should, ASUU must devise ways to sustain and improve the university system through partnerships with corporate bodies, multinational organisations and individuals.
Understandably because they are overwhelmed each year by applicants, they do not court applicants which first-class universities all over the world do, including giving scholarships to top brains. Over-reliance on easy money from the government has made the universities tepid. Advanced countries rely on universities for their breakthroughs in various fields.
It is high time they took the matter by the scruff of the neck and treated education the way it should be. We have seen universities owned and run by Nigerians with almost a hundred per cent Nigerian student population thriving in neighbouring countries. But many believe that were those universities to be uprooted from the ground they are sited and brought to Nigeria, they would flounder. And in retrospect, were one to be taken out of here and transplanted abroad, it would prosper.
ASUU must see to it that Nigerian universities become self-sustaining. It is the only way out. And that is only possible through consultancies, innovations, manufacturing, floating various businesses, etc. These are easily achievable through meaningful partnerships. But as long as the university system remains wet-nursed from the government's feeding bottle, then the FG-ASUU dogfight will linger unabated. And with such brawls almost all the time, it is only our education sector that will keep on nose-diving and our youths' future put in peril. This reminds one of a Nigerian university lecturer who went to America to teach in a primary school but had to be disengaged because they said he had learning disabilities.
Having a self-sustaining university system will guarantee real growth, make the universities come up with first-class researches and innovations and propel them into the class of elite institutions of learning. We will have graduates that will answer their names, and the nation will have a solid foundation for development.
One of the best and most potent advertisements of the 80s, which became an icon of advertising creativity, was the one by Pirelli, a world-leading Tyre Company. In 1994, adopting the slogan "Power is Nothing Without Control", the company's successful advertising campaign showed legendary American athlete Carl Lewis – a multiple Olympic gold medallist – as a sprinter on the starting blocks wearing soon-to-be-legendary red stilettos. However, the significance of the ad is what matters because it was telling us that without a moderating influence, power can be more destructive than constructive without sparing even the person wielding it.
It is in this respect that the second issue I want to talk about comes in. This,


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Objectives. This study analyzed trends in health insurance coverage in the United States from 1989 through 1996. Methods. Data from annual crosssectional surveys by the US Census Bureau were analyzed. Results. Between 1989 and 1996, the number of uninsured persons increased by 8.3 million (90% confidence interval [CI] = 7.7, 8.9 million). In 1996, 41.7 million (90% CI = 40.9, 42.5 million) lacked insurance. Front 1989 to 1993, the proportion with Medicaid increased by 3.6 percentage points (90% CI = 3.1, 4.0), while the proportion with private insurance declined by 4.2 percentage points (90% CI = 3.7, 4.7). From 1993 to 1996 private coverage rates stabilized but did not reverse earlier declines. Consequently, the number uninsured continued to increase. The greatest increase in the population of insured was among young adults aged 18 to 39 years; rates among children also rose steeply after 1992. While Blacks had the largest percentage increase, Hispanics accounted for 36.4% (90% CI = 32.3%, 40.5%) of the increase in the number uninsured. From 1989 to 1993, the majority of the increase was among poor families. Since then, middle-income families have incurred the largest increase. Northcentral and northeastern states had the largest increases in percent uninsured. Conclusions. Despite economic prosperity, the numbers and rates of the uninsured continued to rise. Principally affected were children and young adults, poor and middle income families, blacks, and Hispanics.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
In this section, you will learn to hide the root node of a JTree.
Description of the Program:
The following program helps to hide the root node of the Jtree component. This program creates a tree that contains multiple nodes where the root node is kept hidden. The getProperty() method determines the current system properties. This method returns the multiple data of system that will be displayed in a node. For hiding root node we set the setRootVisible is 'false'.
Here is the code of this program:
Output this program:
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How Tall is It? Measure Something Tall Without Climbing It
The most accurate way to measure something is using a tape measure, but some things are too tall (or too scary) to climb with a ruler. Try the different methods for the same tree and see how similar (or different) the results are. These examples are all about trees, but would work for buildings, telegraph poles and any other tall structures.
Bending OverGet an adult to walk away from a tree until they are just about able to see the top of the tree when they bend over and look through their legs. The distance they are from the tree is roughly the same as the height of the tree.
This works because an adult bending over and looking up at the top of the tree creates about a 45 degree angle. This creates a triangle where the base and the height are about equal – so the distance from the tree is about the same as the height of the tree.
Using ShadowsOn a sunny day, measure the length of a tree's shadow. Measure the length of the shadow of something of a known height (for example a person, a measuring stick or a pole). Divide the length of the tree's shadow by the length of the person, measuring stick or pole's shadow and then multiply it by the height of the person, measuring stick or pole – the answer is the height of the tree.
Using Shadows #2Stick a long stick in the ground (one or two metres tall if possible), and draw a circle around the base of it, so that the distance from the centre to the circle is exactly the same as the distance from the ground to the tip of the stick. When the tip of the shadow touches the edge of the circle, the length of the shadow is exactly the same as the height of the stick. Run to the tree and measure the length of the shadow – this will be the height of the tree.
Using a CameraSet up a digital camera on a tripod and get someone to stand next to a tree holding a measuring stick or a stiff tape measure, extended as far as possible (one to two metres long if available). Take a picture of the person and tree, with the tree taking up about half the height of the picture.
On a computer, use the manipulation tool to copy a rectangle exactly the same height as the measuring tape or stick and paste it a number of times up the side of the tree and see how many times the measuring stick or tape needs to be pasted to measure the height of the tree. Multiply this number by the height of the measuring stick or tape measure to get the height of the tree.
Using a StickChoose a stick that is exactly the same length as the distance from fingertips (arm fully stretched out) to eye. Hold the stick vertically (arm at full stretch) and walk away from the tree until the tree height is the same as the stick. Measure the distance to the tree – this is its height.
Tracking Tree GrowthPeople working in forestry use clinometers or theodolites to measure slopes and angles, and use these to calculate the height of a tree.
Keep a record of tree heights over a year – how quickly do they grow? Do different kinds of trees grow at different rates? Try measuring the girth (the distance around the trunk) as well – be careful not to damage the bark.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


= 4, *: p-value < 0.05; **, p-value < 0.01, ***, p-value < 0.001.
Vibrissae test
To test the effect of pGSN on sensorimotor system, we also performed vibrissae testing. As expected, vibrissae-stimulated placing of the ipsilateral forepaw was not affected 3 days after experimental ischemic stroke (Figure 3A). Contralateral forepaw placing was significantly slowed (from 1 s to 18 s) in the control (ET-1 alone) group (Figure 3B). Intriguingly, pGSN treatment significantly reduced the time of contralateral forepaw placing compared to control group (18 s vs. 9 s, p-value < 0.01). These results indicated that pGSN treatment significantly prevented the loss of sensorimotor function induced by MCAO.
thumbnailFigure 3. Vibrissae test. (A) Time in seconds to ipsilateral forepaw placement on the countertop. (B) Time in seconds to contralateral forepaw placement on the countertop, ET-1 group, N = 3, ET-1 + pGSN, N = 4, **: p-value < 0.01.
Treatment of pGSN reduced MCAO induced brain damage
In the control rats, ET-1 produced large and reproducible unilateral infarcts that involved the rostro-central dorsolateral cortex and basal ganglia, corresponding to the full extent of the MCA territory. The infarction volume in the pGSN-treatment group was reduced by 49% compared to the control group (Figure 4). Sparing was observed in both cortical and subcortical structures.
thumbnailFigure 4. Infarction area labeled for mitochondrial activity (triphenyltetrazolium chloride, TTC). ET-1-alone group N = 3, pGSN treatment group, N = 4. *, p-value < 0.05. Four TTC-staining slices from two animals, one for each group, at the area received most of blood from MCA. Off-white color areas show death tissues while red areas indicate vital tissues.
The current study reports the first time use of pGSN as a protein drug to reduce injury after transient local ischemic stroke. We demonstrate that pGSN can improve sensorimotor recovery in conjunction with substantial reduction in infarct volume present three days after stroke.
Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) induced by ET-1, a potent vasoconstriction peptide, decreased relative cerebral blood flow in brain tissue served by the MCA by 50% in all groups. In previous studies, injection of ET-1 adjacent to MCA has been shown to reduce blood flow 30-75% in the region supplied by the artery including cortex and basal ganglia, and to produce subsequent ischemic neuropathology in these regions of the brain [24,25,29].
Our results demonstrate that after 10-20 min following ET-1 intracranial injection, the ipsilateral cerebral relative blood flow decreased approximately 50% in all groups of animals (Figure 1), indicating that all animals initially have comparable ischemic strokes and that pGSN did not reduce the magnitude of the original ischemic event, but limited the subsequent degeneration and associated loss of function. This suggests that pGSN does not interfere with ET-1 action on its receptors, and corresponds to studies in which GSN knockout mice had larger infarct volume at 22 h even though reductions in CBF during MCAO were not altered [23].
Although this study shows that pGSN in or near an infarct can reduce neuropathology and functional loss due to ischemic stroke, the mechanism by which pGSN mediates protection are not yet clear. One likely mechanism involves actin depolymerization. Upon tissue injury due to glucose/oxygen deprivation (CBF significantly reduced), large amounts of actin can be released from damaged cells into the extracellular space. Since the ionic conditions in the extracellular fluid favor actin polymerization, high amounts of F-actin could be released to potentially increase the viscosity of blood and perturb blood flow through the microvasculature. The actin severing protein gelsolin has a secreted plasma isoform (called plasma gelsolin), which is constitutively active in the high extracellular calcium concentrations of plasma. Plasma gelsolin severs extracellular F-actin to short filaments, and by capping barbed ends, prevents polymerization and favors monomer release. Therefore, pGSN acts as "debris cleaner" limiting inflammation and possibly decrease blood clogging [22]. Another possible mechanism is through anti-apoptotic activity of pGNS. In Jurkat cells, overexpression of gelsolin inhibites cytokine induced apoptosis [30]. It has been reported that gelsolin can form complex with phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate and inhibit capase-3 and -9 activities [31]. In addition, pGSN may also play an important role in regulating inflammation. Future studies will focus on the mechanisms of pGSN protection.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor-mediated neuroprotection against MCAO has been associated with GSN upregulation and reductions in filamentous actin, neither of which was shown to occur in GSN-knockout mice in which the treatment was ineffective [32]. Also, GSN can modulate the actin cytoskeleton regulation of numerous ion channels responsible for elevated cytotoxic intracellular calcium and glutamate excitotoxicity [33-35].
Gelsolin is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and contains a lipid signaling binding domain. This domain has been shown to bind to a number of bioactive lipids including lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [36-39]. LPA levels have been shown to be increased in patients suffering ischemic stroke [40]. LPA signaling has also been shown to regulate a number of pro-inflammatory genes [41]. Increasing gelsolin levels during stroke may serve to modulate the inflammatory response thereby offering protection against the inflammation related neurodegeneration following stroke.
Further emphasis of the potential importance of GSN in stroke comes from recent reports that circulating pGSN levels are reduced in ischemic stroke suffers and is highly predictive for first-year mortality from ischemic stroke [37]. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), zinc-containing endopeptidases that participate in both normal and pathological processes, are upregulated during inflammatory conditions [42], including stroke [43]. pGSN is cleaved in vitro by MMP-3, MMP-2, MMP-1, MMP-14 and MMP-9 [44] which may be the cause of the severe depletion of pGSN observed in patients who suffer ischemic stroke. Replacing lost pGSN may interrupt pro-inflammatory cascade and result in decreased brain damage.
The current study offers a proof of principle that delivery of pGSN following ischemic stroke results in neuroprotection and can reduce both sensory and motor deficits that arise following stroke. Future research aimed at characterizing improved delivery, dose response, temporal, safety, pharmacokinetic issues, and physiological mechanisms for further preclinical development of this promising strategy are called for.
List of abbreviations
ANOVA: Analysis of variance between groups; aCSF: Artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CBF: Cerebral blood flow; CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention; ET-1: Endothelin-1; FDA: The U.S Food and Drug Administration; GSN: Gelsolin; pGSN: Plasma gelsolin; LDF: Laser-Doppler flowmetry; LPA: Lysophosphatidic acid; LTP: Lipoteichoic acid; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; MCA: Middle cerebral artery; MCAO: Middle cerebral artery occlusion; tMCAO: Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion; MMPs: Matrix metalloproteinases; PBF: Phosphate buffered formaldehyde; PBS: Phosphate buffered saline; PU: Perfusion unit; rtPA: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; TTC: 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
HTL and ACH contributed substantially to experimental design, experimental implementation, data analysis, and manuscript preparation. JST contributed to the cerebral perfusion measurement in MG's Lab, JL and JP contributed to the behavioral tests. MAK, JAH and SS conceived of the study, contributed to experimental design, data analysis and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
This work was supported in part by NIH Grant # P01AG0485 and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open-Access Publishing Fund.
 Circulation 2009, 119:e21-181. OpenURL
 Circulation 2011, 123:e18-e209. OpenURL
 N Engl J Med 2008, 359:1317-29. OpenURL
 Cerebrovasc Dis 2008, 25:268-78. OpenURL


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A glial cell (green) grows among network of cortical neurons (in red). Studies using these cultured cells can lead to discoveries on how growth factors can prevent neuronal death. (Photo courtesy Anne L. Prieto)
The Indiana Metabolomics and Cytomics Initiative (METACyt) is changing the way life sciences researchers at Indiana University Bloomington do science. Founded in 2004 with a $53 million grant from the Lilly Endowment, Inc., METACyt supports life sciences research at IUB with special emphasis on microbial systems, cell signaling and differentiation, analytical technology development, molecular neurosciences, and molecular and evolutionary biology. METACyt has helped IU researchers make important discoveries concerning:
- How ticks and mosquitoes spread disease
- How inflammation leads to heart disease
- The bacterial origin of the world's strongest glue
- How the bacteria that cause pneumonia thrive in poor conditions
- How the genes of higher organisms are organized and read
- How humans and chimpanzees differ genetically
Discoveries made by METACyt researchers have already led to substantial advances in our understanding of living organisms and could lead to treatments for cancer, heart disease, and other ailments and to development of new adhesives for surgery and engineering.
METACyt is now accepting preproposals for new projects. See Information for IUB researchers for details.


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Conveyor belt inspection
Identify and quickly repair flaws in working conveyor belts
Conveyor belts are subject to significant and constant wear, whether distributing packages in a fulfillment center, filling snack food packages, or packaging chicken parts. Many are metal with a variety of weaves, links, and rods specific to uses such as freezing, baking, washing, sorting, and cooling. Heavy use and resulting wear results in poor tracking, slack tension, or missing or bent links.
Unaddressed maintenance issues can damage products, resulting in waste and potential safety hazards, or even require an unexpected shutdown of the line, with resulting production delays. Preventive maintenance helps keep the line operating effectively with minimal downtime.
Keeping the belt under continuous observation during operation allows for the detection of current or potential defects. When the line shuts down daily, the defective parts can be located and replaced.
The variety of bends, rips, and other damage to the wire or metal links, rods, and other conveyor parts is so wide that it is impossible to program conventional machine vision to identify them all. Conveyor belts are often filled with debris, bits and pieces of product, blown dust, and other visual confounders, making conventional machine vision unreliable even for the defects they are programmed to detect.
Cognex AI-based technology makes continuous, accurate inspection of working conveyor belts routine. The defect detection tool trains on a set of images of functional conveyor belts, within acceptable levels of wear, and then flags any wear or damage outside of the acceptable parameters, regardless of confusing debris.
After defect detection, the classification tool enables process improvement. By training on image sets of both acceptable and damaged conveyor belt parts, it learns to classify specific types of damage or wear, providing users with the information they need to identify the source of excessive wear or damage and make modifications to reduce or eliminate it.


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Parablennius incognitusMystery blenny
Max Size: 6 cm
Sea Temperature Range: N/A
Habitat Generalization Index: N/A
Also referred to as the SGI (Species Generalisation Index), this describes the habitat niche breadth of the species. Species with values less than 15 are found in a relatively narrow range of reef habitat types (specialists), while those over 25 may be found on most hard substrates within their range (generalists). Learn more here.
Conservation and Rarity
IUCN Status: N/A
Occurrence: Infrequent (6.0% of sites)
Occurrence describes how often the species is found on surveys within its distribution. It is calculated as the % of reef sites surveyed by RLS divers across all the ecoregions in which the species has been observed
Abundance: Few (2 per transect)
Abundance is calculated as the average number of individuals recorded per RLS transect, where present.


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the process of making or growing things to be sold, especially in large quantities [↪ produce, product]
the production of consumer goods
food/oil/milk etc production
agricultural production and distribution
production costs/facilities/processes etc
high-tech production methods
be in production (=being produced)
By September, the new motors were in production.
go into/out of production (=begin to be produced in large numbers, or stop being produced)
The new model will go into production next year.
the amount of goods that are made or grown
increase/rise/fall etc in production
a drop in oil and gas production
when something is produced through a natural process
the skin's natural production of oil
4 [uncountable and countable]A
a play, film, broadcast etc that is produced for the public, or the process of producing it:
the new Shakespeare production at the Arts Theatre
In 1992, Green moved into video production.
when you show something:
Entrance is only permitted on production of a ticket.


Re: Comments on SRFI-39
>>>>> "Olin" == Olin Shivers writes:
Olin> I know Mike S & Kelsey prefer to reset dynamic bindings to fresh
Olin> bindings with top-level values at thread-spawn boundaries. I think this
Olin> is completely broken.
Just for the record (not that I think this has any bearing on SRFI
39), let me point out a few things:
- For at least one parameter (the current exception handler), we know
 that duplicating the old binding is the wrong thing.
- Generally, this implicit copying of references to an object harbors
 the risk of creating space leaks. When you create a thread, you
 hang on to all to its parents' parameters---even those you don't
 know about.
Olin> Spawning a thread, calling a function -- it's a dynamic nesting.
- This sentence sounds nice on the surface, but you provide no
 arguments to support it. In fact, I'd say that spawning a thread is
 obviously *not* a dynamic nesting.
 In Scheme 48 and scsh, spawning a thread means handing a thunk to
 the scheduler. The *scheduler* calls that thunk, not the process
 parent. Most certainly, the continuation of the thunk of the
 spawned thread isn't the continuation of the spawning expression in
 the parent in any thread system that's like SRFI 18.
 This "dynamic nesting" aspect only appeals to our intuition because
 the visual structure of the program text suggests it---it's still
 wrong. (Maybe this suggests that the program text should look
 different, I don't know.)
- Richard would point out that it's necessary to clarify the
 relationship of parameters with DELAY: if parameters get inherited
 for child threads, why don't they get inherited for the code wrapped
 in a DELAY? (Or do they?)
- With this inheritance, you duplicate functionality provided by
 lexical scoping. This goes against the design spirit of Scheme.
- It's easy implement inheritance on top of a non-inheriting
 implementation of parameters (which is what Scheme 48/scsh do), but
 harder and more awkward to do the reverse. (Note that I never said
 that there shouldn't *be* a parameter mechanism with inheritance---I
 only said that the *primitive* mechanism shouldn't have it.)
Cheers =8-} Mike
Friede, Völkerverständigung und überhaupt blabla


English (English) - Change language
Sample 4. Step 5.4: Invoice Number field, InvoiceNumber element
On some of the documents, the Invoice Number field is located to the right of the field name whereas on other documents it is located below the name (in documents 1 and 2 the field data are placed directly beneath the name).
To create an InvoiceNumber element:
 1. In the InvoiceHeader element, create an element of type Character String and name it InvoiceNumber.
 Note.The name of the element need not be the same as the name of the block corresponding to the InvoiceNumber field. However, having identical names is convenient when working with a FlexiLayout.
 2. Click the Character String tab.
 3. Specify the alphabet:
 4. Set Percentage of non-alphabet characters to 30%.
 5. In the Character count field, specify the fuzzy interval {-1, 3, 20, INF} for the length of the character string, assuming that possible values fall into the region of 3 to 20 characters. Any hypothesis outside this interval will be penalized.
 6. On some of the images, the search area for the Invoice Number field contains the already detected kwInvoiceDate element. Exclude this element from the search area, so that the program does not include this text in its hypotheses for the Invoice Number field:
 - On the Search Constraints tab, click the Add... button next to the Exclude regions of elements field.
 - Select kwInvoiceDate from the list of elements.
 - Click OK. The string SearchElements.InvoiceHeader.kwInvoiceDate will appear in theExclude regions of elements field.
 Show me...
 1. Click the Advanced tab.
 2. In Advanced pre-search relations, specify additional conditions: if the name kwInvoiceNumber is not found, do not search for the InvoiceNumber field, otherwise specify the search area as an array of rectangles: one rectangle to the right of the name and another rectangle below the name with a small offset. In the FlexiLayout language, this condition can be written as follows:
 if kwInvoiceNumber.IsNull then Dontfind();
 { WholeWordMOde: true;
 MaxGapInLine: 30dt;
 RectArray DataRegion;
 Let r1= Rect (kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Right, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Top -20dt, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Right + 650dt, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Bottom + 50dt);
 // Limits the search area by a rectangle to the right of the name of the InvoiceNumber field.
 Let r2 = Rect (kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Left - 100dt, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Bottom, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Right + 100dt, kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Bottom + 100dt);
 // Limits the search area by a rectangle beneath the name of the InvoiceNumber field.
 DataRegion = RectArray (r1);
 DataRegion.Add (r2);
 RestrictSearchArea (DataRegion);
 3. The search area for the field is limited to two rectangles, one to the right of the field name and one beneath it. If the field data are located to the right of the field name, there is often some other text beneath the field (on the test images, this is most commonly the name and data of the Date field). Since this extraneous text will be included into the search area for the Invoice Number field, the program will generate a hypothesis for this text. To influence the quality of this hypothesis, specify additional checks in the Advanced post-search relations field: the lower the text beneath the field name, the bigger the penalty. In the FlexiLayout language, this condition can be written as follows:
 if not IsNull then
 { FuzzyQuality: Top - kwInvoiceNumber.Rect.Top, {-30000,0,0,10000}*dt;
 // The greater the distance between the name and upper boundary of the field, the bigger the penalty for the corresponding hypothesis. In this particular case, the hypothesis for the element whose upper boundary coincides with the upper boundary of the name will have the highest quality.
 4. Temporarily exclude the InvoiceFooter element and match the FlexiLayout.
 5. Specify the location of the InvoiceNumber block as a rectangular region of the InvoiceNumber element enlarged by 5 dots vertically and horizontally. To do this, select Expression and type the following expression:
 Rect outputRect;
 outputRect = InvoiceHeader.InvoiceNumber.Rect;
 IsNull = InvoiceHeader.InvoiceNumber.IsNull;
 // Treats the block region as detected if the InvoiceNumber element has been detected.
 OutputRegion = outputRect;
 OutputRegion.Inflate (5dt, 5dt);
11/10/2020 12:08:04 PM
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It could be uncomfortable from time to time to own sex that is vaginal maternity. The body undergoes numerous changes that are hormonal this time around. Your womb might alter place, or perhaps you might feel force in your womb since the child grows. That may make genital sex uncomfortable and exactly why some sex positions are better during maternity.
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There are a few dangers related to rectal intercourse during maternity, and you ought to know very well what these are typically. It's also wise to consult with your medical practitioner. They are able to inform you whether having anal intercourse through your maternity is safe.


grow sunny
Grow, Wisconsin
Grow is a town in Rusk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 473 at the 2000 census.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.4 square miles (91.7 km²), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 473 people, 160 households, and 127 families residing in the town. The population density was 13.4 people per square mile (5.2/km²). There were 175 housing units at an average density of 4.9/sq mi (1.9/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 99.15% White, 0.21% African American, 0.21% Asian, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.63% of the population.
There were 160 households out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.6% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.39.
In the town the population was spread out with 33.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 106.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $36,484, and the median income for a family was $40,000. Males had a median income of $25,500 versus $22,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,133. About 12.2% of families and 18.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.2% of those under age 18 and 19.0% of those age 65 or over.
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text:
An analysis of the issue of exploiting female labor in factories
Export processing zones or exploiting people zones a 2004 international labor in countries such as honduras and jamaica 90% of the epz workforce is female. Analysis of intersectionality within the labor transcript of analysis of intersectionality within the and the face of the female labor force sent to work. These numbers were extremely conservative with respect to female labor both exploiting labor in is devoted not to the analysis of social labor in. Hitting the wall nike and international labor practice labor practice by season issue definition leaking out about labor violations in its factories.
Corporations are able to avoid accountability for occupational diseases like silicosis by exploiting legal health and safety conditions in textile factories. Labor issues with gender in indonesia militancy in contemporary indonesia this issue is shape the supply characteristics of female labor. Sweatshops are good for everybody - there are two sides to the issue of using cheaper labor in other house factories that female workers were. Labor rights and labor subsidiary colmotores brings the issue of labor rights in praxis of concealing labor rights abuses in chinese factories. Historical analysis of labor in history of american fashion history of american fashion through cheapest possible wages by exploiting their labor force as. Some other causes of child labour in india are cheap wages and accessibility to factories that can the company was exploiting to a serious issue in.
Study of corporate social responsibility fred businesses in america may be exploiting inner city consumers and harassment of female workers by. China's employment situation and policies attention to exploiting its advantage in labor surveys and to issue timely analysis and announcement of. On difference and capital: gender and the globalization on gender and the globalization of production opportunity str ucture for exploiting female labor in.
Global sweatshop wage slavery: worker exploitation in america rights issue as 90% of the workforce is female bottom conducive to exploiting labor. Struggling with upton sinclair's the jungle check out our thorough summary and analysis of the immigrants provided a cheap source of labor for american factories. Feminist perspectives on class and work the underlying issue is how to as evinced by social media corporate giant facebook exploiting play-labor. Byd company limited investigative report the issue of low payment and absence of to the working conditions in its factories china labor watch.
Australian fashion labels 'exploiting local workers in sweatshop conditions' we work with registered factories to make some of the female pms face extra. Labor exploitation cases male female while exploiting victims for both sex and labor factories are especially vulnerable to labor abuse. Caste, female labor supply, and the gender wage gap in india: boserup revisited in rosenzweig's earlier analysis, male labor supply had an insignificant impact.
Significant role in objectifying and exploiting humans for economic ends have become the factories and workshops for the this is a comprehensive analysis of.
- The price of cheap labor: exploitation in progression in terms of reducing female exploitation analysis of los vendidos and exploitation of.
- Of health & safety provisions under factories act and female respondents from different sites were as per the data analysis noted in table ii.
- Exploiting women while pretending to based on this analysis ^the garment industry has historically made its profits through exploiting the labor of.
- Factory workers making clothes destined for primark are working up to 12 breaking its ethical code or exploiting its smaller manchester factories.
- Worker abuse is still commonplace in many of the chinese factories that supply western companies, according to labor rights groups.
- Press releases, media reports, op-eds, and calls to action from china labor watch.
Child labor: issues, causes and child labor is a pervasive problem throughout the this analysis leads to certain implications for the international.


text:
Compressive sensing investigates the recovery of a signal that can be sparsely represented in an orthonormal basis or overcomplete dictionary given a small number of linear combinations of the signal. We present a novel matching pursuit algorithm that uses the measurements to probabilistically select a subset of bases that is likely to contain the true bases constituting the signal. The algorithm is successful in recovering the original signal in cases where deterministic matching pursuit algorithms fail. We also show that exact recovery is possible when the number of nonzero coefficients is upto one less than the number of measurements. This overturns a previously held assumption in compressive sensing research.
Date of this Version


text:
In my last addition to my weekend fun series I presented a orange, slightly translucent little "rock". It was correctly recognised and described by EffJot as amber! Due to weathering effects the surface of the amber is covered with cracks and fractures and developed a surface incrustraction that has likely been abraded by transport and subsequent re-sedimentation. The specimen you see here is of Eocene age and was found by a friend of mine in a small gravel pit in northern Germany close to the Baltic Sea. I am sorry Silver Fox but what you interpret as breccia texture is likely nothing more than the weathering cracks and surface features of the hardening resin. There are no visible inclusions in this specimen except some tiny air bubbles (I wonder if it's worth examining those). The origin of amber is, to make it short, fossilised tree resin that hardened under exposure to air and was then deposited in sediment and re-sedimented. The German name for amber "Bernstein" is likely derived from the lower German word "börnen" which means something like "to burn". This is closely linked to the fact that amber can easily be burned.
There is only one major and active amber mine to my knowledge. It is located in the area of the former Königsberg, now part of the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad. The open pit is called Primorskoye in Jantarni and the amber is part of the so called "Blue Earth" that holds a considerable content of Glauconite that is respondsible for its color and name. They are also of Eocene age. Of course amber can be found in many parts of the world. A lot of you likely remember if from Jurassic Park!
A good source that gives a great overview to Baltic amber is: Baltischer Bernstein by Ulf Erichson and Dr. Wolfgang Weitschat published by the Deutsches Bernsteinmuseum Ribnitz-Damgarten. That little book is also my source here.


text:
BIRTHFATHERS | LEGAL RIGHTS | MORE ON BIRTHFATHERS
A child's story begins with her birth—and even before," says Ronny Diamond, adoption resource director for Spence-Chapin in Manhattan. "Children need to hear that all children are born to two people, and that they are no different." Since young children tend to focus on their birthmothers, you need to make a special effort to include their birthfathers. Diamond suggests these talk techniques:
Include the birthfather from the beginning. The concept of a birthfather is easier to grasp when kids are three or four, before you need to explain reproduction.
You might say: "It takes a man and a woman to make a baby. The baby grows inside the woman, who then gives birth to the baby. You were born the same way everyone else was. But some babies stay with their birthparents and some don't. Your birthparents couldn't raise any baby at the time you were born. So they made sure to find a family that could take care of you forever. Some children are adopted, and adoption is forever."
Say what you know. If you know a lot about your child's birthfather, he can have a significant presence in your story. If you know very little about either birthparent, you may want to speculate based on what you do know about the situation of your child's birth.
You might say: "Your birthparents may have decided together that they weren't able to give a baby a good life, so they probably talked about what would be best for you. That's why they took you to a place where people who cared about you could make sure you went to live with a family who would love you and take care of you forever."
Add age-appropriate details. When your child is five to seven years old, you need to be more specific in your conversations. Again, it's OK to speculate. The key is to be neutral and use language that doesn't label either birthparent in a judgmental way.
You might say: "Your birthmother and birthfather made you. But they weren't together as a couple when you were born, and neither one felt they could raise a baby alone." Or, "Your birthparents didn't know each other very well and your birthmom didn't tell your birthfather about you. She felt that neither of them were grown up enough to take care of a child."
Remember that birthfathers care, too. If you don't know a lot about your child's birthfather, don't assume that he didn't care. Birthfathers are often just as interested in their kids as birthmothers. Your child should know that.
When choosing a children's book about adoption, look for one that mentions birthparents, not just birthmothers.
Here are three choices for young children: How I Was Adopted by Joanna Cole; My Special Family by Kathleen Silber and Debra Parelskin; Oliver by Lois Wickstrom.
BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTS


text:
Question of the Week
Answer: Flame weeding is a non-chemical weed-control technique common among organic farmers. Flame weeding, also referred to as flame cultivation, often uses propane gas burners to produce a carefully controlled flame that briefly passes over weeds. The intense heat blanches the leaves, causing a disruption within the plant's cell walls. Flamed weeds usually wilt and die anywhere from within a few minutes to a few days after flaming. One quick way to check to see if the plant foliage has been adequately flamed is to see if a thumb print is retained on the leaf when pressed between your thumb and finger.
Weeds are most susceptible to flaming when they are oneto two-inch-tall seedlings. Broadleaf weeds are more susceptible to flaming than grasses as grasses develop a protective sheath by the time they are approximately one inch tall. Therefore, grasses may require a second flaming. Repeated flaming can also be used to suppress perennial weeds such as field bindweed. Flame weeding is commonly used in the stale seedbed method, which involves allowing weeds to grow in order to be killed by the flame (or other method). This method is usually repeated prior to planting a cash crop as another flaming may be used after planting and before germination of the cash crop.
Flaming on dry, sunny days is recommended as any moisture can give the plants some resistance to the heat. For larger areas, working in sections can help establish effective fire breaks, particularly when flaming dried material, such as stubble, as it can ignite. Green plants usually do not ignite when treated with a flame.
Most flame weeders are designed to not radiate large amounts of heat. Their purpose is to sear the leaves of plants (weeds) in order to change the protein structure of the plants. As a result, stress kills the weeds, not the torching of them. Due to the design and purpose of flame weeders, there is no soil disturbance and generally not enough heat is produced to penetrate the soil and effect soil life. As stated above, timing is everything.
There are several different designs commercially available for tractor-mounted flame weeders. Some flame weeders burn propane in the gas state, while others burn gas in the liquid state. It is important to note that tractor-mounted tanks should be rated for "motor fuel" as they will be mobile and not stationary. Another design difference is whether the gas flows directly from the tank to the burners, or is distributed through a manifold first. In addition, the burners may be fixed or adjustable, with the latter offering the ability to adjust the position of the flame. Having individual shut-off valves for each burner provides flexibility in using a flame weeder so that the flames can be directed or broadcast over an area. Flame weeders are available with different BTU (British Thermal Unit) ratings.
In addition to weed-control benefits, flame weeders can also be utilized for other applications. According to some resources, potato plants up to eight inches tall can be flamed to kill Colorado Potato Beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, without causing undue damage to the potato plants. Flamers can also be used to incinerate fallen fruit and mulch.
For more information on flame weeding, see ATTRA publication Flame Weeding For Vegetable Crops, available at _URL_
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Myoclonus refers to quick, lightning-like jerks (contractions) of a muscle or a group of muscles.
Myoclonus may involve only one hand, a group of muscles in the upper arm or leg, or a group of facial muscles. Or it may involve many muscles at the same time. Hiccups are a type of myoclonus that involves only the diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen.
Myoclonus may occur normally, often when a person is falling asleep. Or it may result from a disorder, such as the following:
Myoclonus can occur after a person takes high doses of certain drugs such as antihistamines, some antidepressants (such as amitriptyline), bismuth, levodopa, or opioids (narcotics).
Myoclonus can be mild or severe. Muscles may jerk quickly or slowly, rhythmically or not. Myoclonus may occur once in a while or frequently. It may occur spontaneously or be triggered by a stimulus, such as a sudden noise, light, or a movement. For example, reaching for an object or taking step may trigger jerks that disrupt the movement. In Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (a rare degenerative brain disorder—see see Prion Diseases: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)), myoclonus becomes more obvious when people are suddenly startled. If myoclonus is due to a metabolic disorder, it may persist and affect muscles throughout the body, sometimes leading to seizures.
Diagnosis and Treatment
The diagnosis is based on symptoms. Other tests may be done to identify the cause.
The cause is corrected if possible. For example, drugs that can cause myoclonus are stopped. A high or low blood sugar level is corrected, and kidney failure is treated with hemodialysis. If the cause cannot be corrected, valproate or levetiracetam (anticonvulsants—see Seizure Disorders: Drugs Used to Treat Seizures.) or clonazepam (a mild sedative) sometimes helps. When given with carbidopa, the dietary supplement 5-hydroxytryptophan (which is produced by the brain) may also help.
Last full review/revision August 2007 by David Eidelberg, MD; Michael Pourfar, MD


.
NPC Reactions
The reactions of most NPCs to the scarlet corsair are universally poor. Any law-abiding seafarer who's heard of the corsair begins with an attitude of hostile, which inspires zeal in the brave and fear in most others. Other pirate captains are simply unfriendly or indifferent, since the corsair is a capable rival, but potential crewmembers are usually friendly toward the corsair. A rare few folk are likely to idolize the scarlet corsair because of her reputation. These are often folk who either don't understand the way the world works and have romanticized the pirate and her activities or are of a proper temperament to become followers and cohorts.
Scarlet Corsair Lore
Characters with Knowledge (history), Knowledge (local), or Gather Information can research scarlet corsairs to learn more about them.
DC 10: Some pirates, by dint of their incredible notoriety, are capable of striking fear into entire crews just by showing their flags or other insignias.
DC 15: These buccaneers, called scarlet corsairs in sailor's slang, don't hesitate to use fear and dirty tricks -- not just to take what they want but to cement their reputations as cutthroats and monsters.
DC 20: If you see the skull-and-manacles of Adia Ironheart, or the black hawk of the Raptor of the Southern Coast, you unfurl your sail, put your best and strongest men at the oars, and make for the horizon.
DC 30: Most scarlet corsairs have a kind of brotherly rivalry going on. They consider only other scarlet corsairs to be their true rivals and equals -- everyone else is just prey waiting to happen.
Scarlet Corsairs in the Game
Any particularly infamous pirate in the campaign could qualify as a scarlet corsair. This is not the nameless buccaneer whose exploits confuse and torment authorities as they try to figure out who is responsible -- there is never any doubt when a scarlet corsair hits a target.
This isn't to say that all scarlet corsairs are known immediately. Many of them use pseudonyms as part of their identities, as well as outrageous, readily apparent dress or other affectations, if for no other reason than it makes it easier to have a quiet drink in a pub between exploits.
Sample Encounter
An encounter with a scarlet corsair generally takes place at the time and place of the corsair's choosing. They have eyes and ears in most major ports to allow them to plan just such attacks.
EL 15: Adia Ironheart is the terror of the seas. A notorious pirate and slaver, she is utterly without honor -- even those who surrender to her are seized and sold into slavery.
Those who find the nearly destroyed hulks that she leaves in her wake know that she was responsible, for over the ship's railing swing the bodies of those who dared to oppose her, clapped in iron manacles and dangling above the water by chains strung through the railing.
The entry for the scarlet corsair, like all of the book's prestige classes, ends with a sample NPC armed and ready to keelhaul anyone who crosses her path. So, with no effort on a DM's part, Adia Ironheart can sail the seas of any campaign world you might play in. So, watch out for the skull and manacles, me buckos -- she's a CR 17 encounter all by herself.
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late Middle English: from late Latin appositio(n-), from apponere 'to apply' (see apposite)
It is possible to place one noun or noun phrase next to another one in a sentence, so that it explains or amplifies it. For example:The Connecticut legislator James Lanman pursued classical studies at Yale College before joining the bar in 1791. Here the short phrases The Connecticut legislator and James Lanman work in parallel. They are said to be in apposition to each other.In the example above, the sentence would work grammatically with only one of the phrases:The connecticut legislator pursued classical studies at Yale College before... James Lanman pursued... But neither of these alternative versions is completely satisfactory. The first leads us to ask, "Which Connecticut legislator?," while the second prompts. "Who is James Lanman"See also parenthesis.


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If you're on a low income, or out of work, you may be able to claim Universal Credit.
This is a monthly payment made by the Government to help with your living costs. In Scotland, you can choose to have it paid twice a month instead.
There's been a big increase in the number of people making claims during the coronavirus pandemic. Here's our guide to help you understand how to apply and how much you might get. 1
What does Universal Credit replace?
Universal Credit was brought in to replace these other benefits:
- Child Tax Credit
- Housing Benefit
- Income Support
- Working Tax Credit
- income-based Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)
- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
If you already receive any of these, you won't need to do anything unless:
- you need to report a change in your circumstances
- the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gets in touch about moving you to Universal Credit
How do you apply?
To apply, you'll need an email address and details of the following:
- bank, building society or credit union account
- housing costs, such as how much rent you pay
- income (for example, payslips)
- savings and any investments (for example, shares)
- childcare costs, if you're applying for help with these
You'll also need proof of identity, such as:
- driving licence
- debit or credit card
You can't claim Universal Credit if you're also entitled to the severe disability premium, or have been within the last month.
How much is Universal Credit?
Universal Credit payments vary because there's a standard allowance per household, plus other elements you may, or may not, be eligible for. These include housing, childcare and disability.
As of 6 April 2020, the standard allowances are:
If you're single and under 25:
£342.72 per month
If you're single and 25 or over:
£409.89 per month
If you're part of a couple and both under 25:
£488.59 per month for you both
If you're part of a couple and either of you is 25 or over:
£594.04 per month for you both
Universal Credit is paid in arrears, but you can apply for an advance payment if you don't have enough to live on while you wait.
More financial help
You might be able to apply for other financial support related to Universal Credit, including Alternative Payment Arrangements, or a Budgeting Advance.
The GOV.UK website also has details of how to get help with things like:
- emergency household expenses
- funeral costs
- cold weather payments
- free school meals
- legal costs


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Young goats learn new and distinctive bleating "accents" once they begin to socialise with other kids.
The discovery is a surprise because the sounds most mammals make were thought to be too primitive to allow subtle variations to emerge or be learned. The only known exceptions are humans, bats and cetaceans – although many birds, including songbirds, parrots and hummingbirds have legendary song-learning or mimicry abilities.
Now, goats have joined the club. "It's the first ungulate to show evidence of this," says Alan McElligott of Queen Mary, University of London.
McElligott and his colleague, Elodie Briefer, made the discovery using 23 newborn kids. To reduce the effect of genetics, all were born to the same father, but from several mothers, so the kids were a mixture of full siblings plus their half-brothers and sisters.
The researchers allowed the kids to stay close to their mothers, and recorded their bleats at the age of 1 week. Then, the 23 kids were split randomly into four separate "gangs" ranging from five to seven animals. When all the kids reached 5 weeks, their bleats were recorded again. "We had about 10 to 15 calls per kid to analyse," says McElligott.
Some of the calls are clearly different to the human ear, but the full analysis picked out more subtle variations, based on 23 acoustic parameters. What emerged was that each kid gang had developed its own distinctive patois. "It probably helps with group cohesion," says McElligott.
"People presumed this didn't exist in most mammals, but hopefully now, they'll check it out in others," says McElligott. "It wouldn't surprise me if it's found in other ungulates and mammals."
Erich Jarvis of Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina, says the results fit with an idea he has developed with colleague Gustavo Arriaga, arguing that vocal learning is a feature of many species.
"I would call this an example of limited vocal learning," says Jarvis. "It involves small modifications to innately specified learning, as opposed to complex vocal learning which would involve imitation of entirely novel sounds."
Journal reference: Animal Behaviour, DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.01.020
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Rockfish, Blackgill – U.S.
Blackgill Rockfish grow slowly, live for many years and reach sexual maturity at a late age. Although Blackgill Rockfish can be found from Mexico to Canada, most live and are caught in southern and central Californian waters, where they are considered to be moderately abundant.
The most common fishing gears used to capture Blackgill Rockfish are bottom longlines and bottom trawls. Bottom longlines result in moderate damage to bottom habitats, while bottom trawls can cause substantial habitat damage. There is a moderate level of bycatch in these fisheries.
Blackgill Rockfish are managed as part of a complex with other rockfish species.
This species may have high levels of mercury that could pose a health risk to adults and children. More mercury info here.


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Dr Noordin Ahmad, Ooi Wei Han, Shahrizal Ide Moslin, Helmi Kadir, Norhan Mat Yusoff, Muhammad Firdaus Mat Ghani
Every year, approximately 9,000 children in Malaysia are born with autism. Children with autism face challenges in terms of their communication skill, tendency to wander, and lack of safety awareness. The main idea of ATTracT is to develop a system that uses GNSS-enabled devices tailored to the needs of autistic children who have a propensity to wander. Parents will be provided with a system they can use on their mobile phones to track and monitor their children in real-time. The aim is to set up a defined movement zone (with virtual boundaries) that will be activated according to a daily schedule. Alerts will be sent immediately to parents' smartphones if their child crosses a virtual boundary, and ATTracT can also store corresponding movement histories. In addition to mobile devices, a real-time monitoring system will also be set up to help schools or autism rehabilitation centres track the movement of the children under their supervision at the same time. The system will thus provide parents and autism centres with an effective and reliable method of monitoring children with autism.


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General Dynamics Mission Systems has an immediate opening for a System Administrator / DevOps engineer. This position provides an opportunity to further advance the cutting-edge technology that supports some of our nation's core defense/intelligence services and systems. General Dynamics Mission Systems employees work closely with esteemed customers to develop solutions that allow them to carry out high-stakes national security missions.
REPRESENTATIVE DUTIES AND TASKS:
The Linux Sys Admin / DevOps Engineer configures, maintains, and supports integration and test of applications on high performance computing platforms, clusters and supporting infrastructure. Responsibilities also include supporting engineers working on integration and development activities using the platforms, and development of software applications and/or tools for new programs and subprograms.
- Administering, configuring, and supporting HPC systems clusters, including systems with accelerators and high performance file systems and storage. This includes hardware planning, installation, configuration, upgrades, repairs and decommissioning.
- Creating, modifying and deleting user accounts.
- Provide tools and scripts to assist in administration and maintenance, and verification of the health and status of the entire HPC infrastructure.
- Pro-actively monitor system performance and functionality and resolve issues as needed
- Coordinate, manage, and document configuration changes to platforms in conjunction with program leadership and CM functions.
- Documenting, maintaining, and implementing policies for backup/recover strategies, security protection mechanisms, system integration and acceptance testing, disaster recovery.
- Providing, maintaining and enhancing system security to meet customer and corporate requirements.
- Customizing environments as required by research and development teams, with specific focus on the optimization of end-users' experiences without compromising maintainability and security.
- Receives little instruction on day-to-day work
- Independently determines approach to solutions
- Follows standard practices and procedures in analyzing situations or data from which answers can be readily obtained
- Responsible for resolution of significant and diverse problems and issues of broad scope and complexity
- Additional Responsibilities:
- Exercise creative and innovative thinking to advance our business performance
- Deliver innovative, flexible, integrated solutions to meet customers changing business needs
- Support and engage in programs, projects and practices behind the General Dynamics Mission Systems culture and strategy, and comply with all policies and procedures
- Follow industry trends and developments to ensure General Dynamics Mission Systems services are consistent with, and/or superior to, industry best practices
- Develop long range technology plans
- Working with Vendors, Facilities, and Corporate IT as needed
KNOWLEDGE SKILLS AND ABILITIES:
Candidates should have demonstrated experience with the following:
- Linux system administration
- HPC platform or large cluster system administration
- Large software system installation and configuration
- Infrastructure automation technologies such as Ansible, SaltStack, Puppet, Chef, or xCAT
- Python, Perl or other scripting language
Candidates should have knowledge of several of the following technologies:
- TCP/IP, Internet Routing Protocols, private and public networks, VLANs, Firewalls, Load Balancers, addressing schemes, subnet creation and subnet masking
- High Performance File Systems and Storage (Lustre, GPFS)
- High Speed Interconnects (Infiniband, 40GbE)
- Parallel Computing Environments (OpenMPI, MVAPICH, etc.)
- Job Schedulers and Resource Managers (SLURM, Torque, LSF, etc.)
- Metrics and Monitoring (Ganglia, Nagios, Splunk, etc.)
- Containers and related orchestration technologies (Docker, Singularity, Kuberbetes, Swarm, Mesos, etc.)
PREFERRED DEGREE TYPES AND EXPERIENCE:
The preferred candidate will have significant experience with some of the following technologies:
- Linux Kernel
- Software Architecture, Network Architecture, System Performance Optimization, operating system software (Linux)
- Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), Map Reduce, and other big data analysis frameworks
- Proficient in the use of debugging tools
- Open source development and knowledge of Git, JIRA, Make, Jenkins, Maven, Ant, Subversion
- Hadoop ecosystem or related (Avro, Thrift, HBase, Accumulo, Spark, Pig, ZooKeeper, Kafka, Storm, YARN)
- Knowledge of machine learning, graph analytics or other Big Data data science applications
- Complex system architectures including MPP Systems, SPDs.
- Software Development (Java, C/C++, object oriented)
Department of Defense TS/SCI security clearance is required within a reasonable period of time. Applicants selected will be subject to a U.S. Government security investigation and must meet eligibility requirements for access to classified information. Due to the nature of work performed within our facilities, U.S. citizenship is required.


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Vanilla is a product of Lussumo:Documentation and Support.
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He calls for clinical trials to test his theory.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered that men and women have different skin colors. Men are red, and women are green.Analyzing dozens of faces, scientist Michael J. Tarr and graduate studentAdrian Nestor have found that men tend to have more of a reddish skin, while women are sporting greenish skin."Color information is very robust and useful for telling a man from a woman," said Tarr. "It's a demonstration that color can be useful in visual object recognition."These findings can provide useful information to consumers and industries, such as advertising and makeup application of women.


Ellen Herman
Department of History, University of Oregon
Brief Statement About the Subject of Your Intellectual Biography
In no more than one page, please include the following:
 1. Her name and dates.
 2. A brief description of your subject and explanation of her relationship to intellectual history. Was she a writer? An artist? A scientist? Is she well known? If so, why? If not, why not?
 3. One or two key questions you hope to ask and answer about your subject.
 4. A list of at least four sources you plan to consult. (Please include both primary and secondary sources.)


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The National Naval Medical Center, which is located in Bethesda, Maryland, is also called the Bethesda Naval Hospital. And that's just what it is – a massive Navy hospital and medical research center. It is widely considered the flagship of the Navy's medical division, and is where almost all of the Navy's medical and dental research takes place. The National Naval Medical Center plays a very important role in the US. Not only does it contribute greatly to the research done by the Military, it also provides health care for world leaders, including the president and the presidential family.
As of January, 2006, there are 1,500+ enlisted, 1,000+ officers, and almost 2,000 civilians occupying the National Naval Medical Center. A more recent figure could not be found. In early 2011, the National Naval Medical Center will actually be merged with the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, to form the combined Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, the largest military medical complex ever. The base will be huge, with some estimates saying it will be twice as large as the current National Navy Medical Center, which is already massive.


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And now, here are the different steps :
1/ Select the clouds area (S key with 50% tolerance);
2/ Create a new layer (CTRL + Shift + N) and select it;
3/ As primary color, select a blue (code A0CBFF) and as secondary color, keep the white;
4/ Perform a clouds effect (effects menu/render/clouds) with the following parameters : scale at 600 and roughness at 0.50;
5/ Modify brightness and contrast (ajustements menu/brightness and contrast) with the following values : brightness at -75 and contrast at +60.
6/ Create a new layer (CTRL + Shift + N) and select it;
7/ Draw lines to define the flash within the sky (P key);
8/ Perform a feather effect (effects menu/object/feather) with the following parameters : amount at 2, strength at 2 and grow mode;
9/ Repeat this effect (CTRL + F);
10/ Perform a motion blur (effects menu/blurs/motion blur) with the following parameters : angle at 25° and distance at 8.
11/ Perform a shadow effect (menu effects/stylise/drop shadow) with a purple gradian (R: 134, G: 120 and B:193) and the following parameters : offset X at 0, offset Y at 0, Blur Radius at 8;
12/ Merge the layers.
And here is the final result :


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The house ranks architecturally with many of the great mansions built in the late Colonial period; however, it is the only house directly inspired from a plate in Palladio's, I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura. It is arguably the most exquisite house remaining from the Colonial period in America.
Architect William Buckland cleverly adapted Palladio's Villa Pisani design to satisfy the tastes of colonial Annapolis. He re-designed the plan to accommodate the tastes for asymmetrical regional preferences and modified the hyphens from Palladio's arched entries to more practical single storey connecting links. He also incorporated fashionable urban design by sinking the windows in the method mandated by the London Building Act of 1774. This device provided better protection from fire and gave the overall design a greater degree of visual solidity and three dimensionality (see image at right). This adaptation from Palladio's model marks his maturity as an architect and ranks him as one of America's first and finest architects.
The initial design of Thomas Jefferson's Monticello was taken from the Villa Cornaro in Piombino Dese, Italy, in Book II, Chapter XV of I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura, but this façade was later covered up by Jefferson's own expansions to his house. Thomas Jefferson made two drawings of the Hammond-Harwood House when he served the government in Annapolis in 1783-4. One could assume that Jefferson recognized the house as derived from Palladio because his knowledge of The Four Books of Architecture was extensive. He referred to the book as his architectural "bible" and the plate of the Villa Cornaro follows the Villa Pisani plate; and directly opposite the Villa Cornaro in some 18th century English transcriptions of the work.


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Hi, i have two m files in order to calculate STATMOMENTS & STATXTURE of an image. [*statmoments.m & statxture.m*]. the statmoments m file is inside the statxture m file. i need to make a pushbotton with text boxes to display my result of the m files in them. so, the question is HOW TO USE THOES M FILES IN PUSH BOTTON? AND DISPLAY THE RESULTS IN TEXT BOXES?
thanks for your time and helping!
You can find out how to use GUIDE to build a GUI and put code in so that when you click a button your code executes. You can also use sprintf() and set() to put text onto the GUI in a text control.
% Make a string. theText = sprintf('Your number = %.3f', theNumber); % Now, send it to the text control. set(handles.text1, 'String', theText);
Play games and win prizes!Learn more


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Story: Armed forces
New Zealand's armed forces were first established in the 1840s. They expanded considerably during the First and Second world wars. In the 2000s the armed forces had limited combat capacity, but played an important role in international peacekeeping operations – and other activities such as disaster relief.
Full story by Jim Rolfe
Main image: Army engineers desalinating water, Christchurch, 2011
The Short Story
A quick, easy summaryRead the Full Story
Establishment of armed forces
Volunteer armed forces were set up in the early 1840s, but disbanded when the Militia Ordinance Act 1845 allowed compulsory militias to be organised to support British troops.
Volunteer forces were established during the New Zealand wars of the 1860s. A permanent military force was set up in 1862.
The Territorial Force was set up in 1910 to replace volunteers.
There were naval volunteers from the 1860s. The New Zealand Division of Britain's Royal Navy was established in 1921 and the Royal New Zealand Navy in 1941.
The air force was originally part of the army. It became the Royal New Zealand Air Force in 1934, and separated from the army in 1937. In 2011 the air force had no air combat capability.
Compulsory military training and conscription
Compulsory military training – meaning all boys and men had to train as soldiers for a period – was introduced in 1911. It finished in 1930 but was re-instituted from 1949 to 1959.
Men were conscripted for overseas service in the First and Second world wars. The armed forces expanded during these conflicts – 194,000 men and 10,000 women served in the Second World War.
In 2011 Māori made up 17% of the armed forces (compared to about 15% of the population).
Women served as nurses in the First World War. They played a greater role in the Second World War but did not fight. By 2000 restrictions on women in combat were lifted. In 2011, 16% of the armed forces were women.
Armed forces today
The Royal New Zealand Navy, New Zealand Army and Royal New Zealand Air Force make up the New Zealand Defence Force. In 2011 there were 8,758 permanent servicemen and -women, and 2,368 reserve and 2,669 civilian staff.
The Ministry of Defence focuses on policy and procuring equipment.
Alliances and peacekeeping
During the Cold War New Zealand joined military alliances with other countries, particularly ANZUS, an alliance with Australia and the US which ended in the mid-1980s.
Since the early 1990s the armed forces have taken part in United Nations and other international peacekeeping efforts, including in the Balkans, East Timor and Afghanistan.
The armed forces also carry out other tasks, including community aid and responding to natural disasters, such as the Canterbury earthquakes of 2010 and 2011. The armed forces also work to support New Zealand's Antarctic research programme.


We're excited to kick off our archetype blog series with the "trickster" archetype. But what is the trickster, and how do they play out in fiction?
What is a trickster?
Simply put, a trickster is a character in a story who navigates their way through their wit. They're highly intelligent, crafty, and possess some kind of secret knowledge which they use to trick other characters.
They have little regard for conventions and often defy or mock accepted norms, provoking an interesting social commentary.
What are some examples of tricksters?
Tricksters in mythology and fiction come in many forms. No, really — they can be androgynous and have appeared in the form of rabbits, foxes, coyotes, Norse gods and clowns.
Here are some archetypal tricksters we know and love and the part they play in the story.
Traditionally, in Norse mythology, Loki is depicted as a god of mischief or a trickster god. He's a shape-shifter and has appeared as both male and female, even giving birth at one point.
Depicted in the Marvel comics and movies, Loki is ranked as one of the best comic book villains of all time. He appears in several disguises, male and female, and serves as Thor's mortal enemy.
He fits the archetypal mold of having extreme intelligence. He also has the boundary-crossing characteristics that are often found in tricksters. Loki has both heroic and villainous moments in the stories he appears in, allowing him to defy the duality of good and evil.
In this way, the trickster archetype has things in common with the anti-hero archetype.
By embodying these transgressive characteristics, Loki can challenge and even mock long-held belief systems and assumed truths.
The Joker
Many tricksters in fiction are portrayed as jesters or clowns — DC's The Joker is no exception.
The Joker serves as the antithesis to Batman. Whereas Batman wants to restore order to the grim, chaotic Gotham City, The Joker mocks authority and moral codes.
Typical of the trickster archetype, his abilities rely on his intelligence and cunning.
Even his origin story is elusive and variable — in Alan Moore's The Killing Joke, The Joker says he likes his past to be "multiple choice". We as the reader and audience never get a comfortably reliable backstory to why he is the way he is.
Along with Batman, the characterization of the lovable Clown Prince has changed with culture. His enduring quality, though, is that as a trickster archetype he endures as a challenge for the hero.
The Joker is an illustration of what a fascinating character exploration the trickster archetype can provide — not only of the trickster himself but also of the archetypal hero of the story.
The Cheshire Cat
Much like The Joker, the Cheshire Cat is instantly recognizable by his wide grin.
In Alice's Adventure's in Wonderland, every character provides a valuable lesson for Alice in this transformative journey.
The Cheshire Cat manipulates or helps Alice according to his whims. He also helps Alice to understand a chaotic universe by telling her everyone there is "mad", so the only way to get through Wonderland is to think in irrational terms.
In this way, he disregards traditional logic and embraces an absurdist landscape, in the true trickster fashion.
The Cheshire Cat is a good example of tricksters not always being villains — ultimately, he does more good than harm to Alice.
He may be mischevious, but ultimately he teaches important lessons to Alice and us readers.
How can the trickster archetype help my writing?
Even if you don't want to include a cackling supervillain in your piece, knowing what the trickster's all about can still help you.
The big takeaway from this is that the trickster is not only an important archetype in itself but can also shed light on the characters and world around the trickster.
You can bring inspiration from this into your own writing because it encourages you to answer questions which will develop your characters and your world.
For example, who challenges your protagonist? What are the absurd aspects of the world you're creating? What's unfair about it, what doesn't make sense?
You might know how your characters might describe themselves. But, how would other people describe them? Who dislikes your protagonist and why?
Sometimes the only thing to help you make sense of the story you're writing is to ask these questions. In the words of The Joker, "introduce a little anarchy".