Grid Compass
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Grid Compass
Astronaut John Creighton posing with a Grid Compass aboard a Space Shuttle Discovery mission in 1985.
Developer Bill Moggridge[1]
Manufacturer Grid
Type Portable computer
Release date April 1982 (1982-04)
Introductory price 8150 USD [1]
Operating system Grid-OS
CPU Intel 8086
Memory 340 KB magnetic bubble[2]
Display 320 x 240
Connectivity 19-pin "serial", Telephone Line+Audio 1,200 bit/s modem, GPIB[2]
Successor Grid GridCase 1520
The Grid Compass (written GRiD by its manufacturer GRiD Systems Corporation) was one of the first laptop computers when the initial model was introduced in April 1982 (the model 1101[a]).
The computer was designed by British industrial designer Bill Moggridge in 1979, and first sold three years later. The design used a clamshell case (where the screen folds flat to the rest of the computer when closed), which was made from a magnesium alloy. The computer featured an Intel 8086 processor, a 320 × 240-pixel electroluminescent display, 340-kilobyte magnetic bubble memory, and a 1,200 bit/s modem. Devices such as hard drives and floppy drives could be connected via the IEEE-488 I/O (also known as the GPIB or General Purpose Instrumentation Bus). This port made it possible to connect multiple devices to the addressable device bus. It weighed 5 kg (11 lb). The power input is ~110/220 V AC, 47–66 Hz, 75 W.
The Compass ran its own operating system, GRiD-OS. Its specialized software and high price (8–10,000 USD) meant that it was limited to specialized applications. The main buyer was the U.S. government. NASA used it on the Space Shuttle during the early 1980s, as it was both powerful and lightweight. The military Special Forces also purchased the machine, as it could be used by paratroopers in combat.
Along with the Gavilan SC and Sharp PC-5000 released the following year, the GRiD Compass established much of the basic design of subsequent laptop computers, although the laptop concept itself owed much to the Dynabook project developed at Xerox PARC from the late 1960s. The Compass company subsequently earned significant returns on its patent rights as its innovations became commonplace.
The portable Osborne 1 computer sold at around the same time as the GRiD, was more affordable and more popular, and ran the popular CP/M operating system. But, unlike the Compass, the Osborne was not a laptop and lacked the Compass's refinement and small size.
The Compass's manufacturer, Grid Systems Corp., was acquired by Tandy Corporation (RadioShack) in 1988.
Popular culture[edit]
On 17 December 1983, fictional character Murray Bozinsky was shown using a Grid Compass 1101 in the American television program Riptide (Season 1, Episode 3: "Somebody's Killing the Great Geeks of America").
Grid Compass laptops were used in the film Aliens (1986) as the remote consoles for the sentry guns deployed to defend the Marines' positions.[4]
 1. ^ The model 1100 did not exist, except in marketing materials; the released machine was the model 1101.[3]
 1. ^ a b "World's first laptop. Osborne 1 GRiD Compass 1101". The Longest list of the longest stuff at the longest domain name at long last. Retrieved 2009-05-19.
 2. ^ a b Dave. "Old computers". Retrieved 2009-05-19. |chapter= ignored (help)
 3. ^ "Pioneering the Laptop – The GRiD Compass", YouTube, Google .
 4. ^ "Sentry Gun Remote Terminal".
External links[edit]
 - Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum. "GRiD Compass". Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum. Retrieved 10 October 2012.


text: Tom7 is a component of the translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) and assembles into a general import pore complex that translocates preproteins into mitochondria. We have identified the human Tom7 homolog and characterized its import and assembly into the mammalian TOM complex. Tom7 is imported into mitochondria in a nucleotide-independent manner and is anchored to the outer membrane with its C terminus facing the intermembrane space. Unlike studies in fungi, we found that human Tom7 assembles into an approximately 120-kDa import intermediate in HeLa cell mitochondria. To detect subunits within this complex, we employed a novel supershift analysis whereby mitochondria containing newly imported Tom7 were incubated with antibodies specific for individual TOM components prior to separation by blue native electrophoresis. We found that the 120-kDa complex contains Tom40 and lacks receptor components. This intermediate can be chased to the stable approximately 380-kDa mammalian TOM complex that additionally contains Tom22. Overexpression of Tom22 in HeLa cells results in the rapid assembly of Tom7 into the 380-kDa complex indicating that Tom22 is rate-limiting for TOM complex formation. These results indicate that the levels of Tom22 within mitochondria dictate the assembly of TOM complexes and hence may regulate its biogenesis.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


1. 1. Notre Dame du Haut.
Notre Dame Du Haut Corbusier
A bold, twisted interpretation of Church architecture, this building takes grandeur in an entirely unexpected directly.
Despite the unconventional appearance, there's something very religious about the building's solidity and the way it stretches towards the heavens.
 1. 2. The Palace of Assembly.
Corbusiers Palace of Assembly
A legislative assembly, this building is Corbusier's greatest example of his understanding of the inexplicably beautiful whole that can be created by combining disparate forms.
 1. 3. Mill Owners Association Building.
Mill Owners Association Building by Corbusier, a brutalist building
A surprisingly peaceful, integrative building, the MOA building incorporates itself into the foliage around it. The gentle rise to the building entrance encourages occupancy, and the slanted window frames soften the light inside.
 1. 4. Sainte Marie de la Tourette
Sainte Marie de la Tourette building by Corbusier
A small priory that houses nuns and monks, the building is one of Corbusier's boldest. Cutting into the soft French countryside, it looks as though an enormous spacecraft landed and took root.
This was Corbusier's last building in Europe and is more like a fortress than anything resembling a place of worship.
 1. 5. Saint-Pierre.
Corbusiers Saint-Pierre
Begun in 1971, this building wasn't finished until 2006, six years after Le Corbusier's death. It was originally designed as a church, but later became a high school and safety shelter.
The way the building balances different forms show a maturity in Corbusier's sense of style. The interior of the building plays with specks of light against it minimal, bare walls.
 1. 6. Maison de la Culture
Maison de la Culture by Corbusier
One of Corbusier's often-overlooked masterpieces, the aggressive peak of the building hangs over the first set of windows.
An impressive, daunting façade that tilts towards the ground.
 1. Cité Frugès, Pessac
Cité Frugès, Pessac by Corbusier
A surprisingly humble contribution by Corbusier, this building is the perfect representation of his famous phrase 'a building is a machine for living in.'
 1. 8. United Nations Headquarters, New York.
United Nations Headquarters, New York.
Building for the United Nations is no easy task, requiring a balance of poise, solidarity, rigidity and humanity. Corbusier went for a then-confronting mass of blue-tinted glass windows, almost unbroken.
The building is entirely ungiving, leaving it up to its human occupants to deliver the humanity.
 1. 9. Petite maison au bord du lac Léman
Petite maison au bord du lac Léman
A house designed for Corbusier's parents, it looks out onto Lake Geneva. The simplistic, minimalist house is all about respect for space. The interior has movable walls and fold-in furniture that allow you to reconstruct space as your go.
 1. 10. Usine Claude et Duval Factory
Usine Claude et Duval Factory by Corbusier architect
Corbusier was asked to design a clothing factory, after the factory's owner discovered his writing on city planning.
The building is one of his most ugly and forgettable, completely functional. The building does, however, carry his signature matrix of deep window frames.
GALLERY: Our boldest buildings.
DOWNLOAD: Our Desinabuild brochure.


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Labour market information tells you about the workplace or labour market. Labour market information describes the condition of the labour market, past and present, as well as future projections. It makes clear where work opportunities are increasing or decreasing, what occupations exist, what you need to study to become a professional in that occupation, what is required to take up an occupation, how one can find a job, change job or progress in a career.
And what about labour market intelligence? Labour market intelligence refers to labour market information that has been analysed and interpreted before presenting it to the public. Essentially most careers information is labour market intelligence. In this toolkit we use the notion of labour market information referring to both labour market information and labour market intelligence.
You can discover the definition of labour market information for lifelong guidance here:
DEFINITION OF LMI FOR LIFELONG GUIDANCE
The labour market information for lifelong guidance is defined as information about the following items:
- Labour market profile and trends including employment, unemployment and earnings outlooks by sector, occupation. Data should be available at a national, regional and local dimension where statistically reliable information and non-disclosive data are available. Basic principles of labour market regulation, laws and labour market policies.
- Trends in skills, including skills needs and mismatches, skills gaps, together with current and future skill demands. The regional and local dimension should be included if statistically reliable and non-disclosive information is available.
- Information on occupations including information on skills requirements, educational background, interests, working conditions, skills shortages, pay and earnings.
- Entry and progressions routes into and through occupations including job vacancies
- Entry and progression routes in education and training in order to gain skills for an occupation, or bridge a skills gap for a desired occupation.
- Career planning information on where to find information and assistance
- Equal opportunities and diversity issues (support measures), and changing workforce profile
What is good labour market information?
The quality standards for labour market information should be high because labour market information has many dimensions (as was shown in the definition) and is not easy to work with. You can find the quality criteria for labour market information for lifelong guidance here.
What is good labour market information for lifelong guidance?
High quality labour market information should have the following characteristics:
- Accuracy (eg statistically reliable)
- Completeness eg in terms of sectors, regions
- Timeliness: recent data, frequently updated
- Relevance to user needs and adapted needs of different user groups
- Attractive and available in different formats (i.e. pictures, infographics, tables, charts, graphs and videos)
- Accessibility: taking into account different capabilities and backgrounds, easy to understand text, access without registration, at low cost or free of charge as much as possible, plus available in electronic and hard copy
- Impartial: the information provided is in accordance with the user's interest only, is not influenced by provider, institutional and funding interests, and does not discriminate on the basis of gender, age, ethnicity, social class, qualifications, ability.
- Have authority
- Comparability of data over time, over different geographical levels
- Include local or regional information in order to show the possibilities in the region where one lives but at the same time in other regions (can encourages mobility)
- Transparent: sources of data are indicated
- Be easy to update
- Forward looking
Some specific points of attention are the following:
- Individuals users expect attractive labour market information. It is important that the labour market information is presented in a visually appealing way in websites, infographs, online tools, brochures, …Moreover, the LMI should be presented in different ways in order to meet different information needs and learning styles (and abilities) of clients. In addition to this, users like to try things out, to experiment, to do something, to have access to inspiring activities at employer's premises.
- In your work, it can be challenge to find a balance between providing neutral and objective career advice based on impartial labour market information and the aim and strategy of the organization you are working for.
- Example 1: career guidance and education by a sector federation is focussing on only one sector whereas opportunities usually exist in a number of sectors;
- Example 2: employment counsellors in public employment services may be forced to seek a balance between case load objectives and fast activation targets on one hand and individual preferences or untapped potential of jobseekers on the other hand.
- Example 3: there is a risk for biased or selective information in brochures promoting educational programmes
- Labour market information can be acquired formally and informally. Formal labour market information is spread over many different sources. There is a wealth of labour market information available online in websites, databases, apps, social media, video's, ….. More specific information on ICT and LMI can be found here
The complexity of labour market information requires good navigation skills. For many clients, it is necessary that career practitioners play a role as an interface between labour market information sources and the clients. Career practitioners adapt, interpret, repack labour market information and use it in to educate, inform, advice and guide clients. How can you do this? Learn more about integration of LMI in lifelong guidance in the next chapter


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Physan 20 for use In Hydroponic Systems
Physan 20 Greenhouse Disinfectant can be used in a variety of hydroponic applications to:
1. Prevent the development of disease
2. Kill algae that may form on system surfaces and substrates
Please remember that Physan 20 is a liquid concentrate, which must be extensively diluted for hydroponic applications. This means that in some cases, only a drop or two of the concentrate will be required in a volume of water to create the correct dilution. Do not be tempted to use more Physan 20 than directed and always measure when mixing. NEVER estimate by eye the amount you add to water.
Cleaning Hydroponic Systems Between Crops
Physan is an excellent product to use to clean and disinfect your entire system between crops. Physan can be used on plastics, metal, and glass surfaces, and is safe to run through delicate pumps and meshes.
TO USE: Mix 1 Tablespoon Physan 20 in a gallon of water to create a disinfecting solution. This may be used to apply directly to hard surfaces via a spray bottle or clean sponge. The wet surface should be scrubbed if visible dirt or algae are present. Make sure the surface remains wet for 10 minutes to ensure killing of all organisms Physan 20 is capable of killing. You may also run this dilution through your hydroponic system to clean and disinfect it.
Physan 20 contains a foaming agent. At this dilution, you may notice foaming if you run the product through your system and you run aeration. This foam is harmless. If it is particularly bothersome to you, you may add a commercially available de-foaming agent.
Please note: The Physan 20 instruction booklets state that Physan should not be used in "irrigation systems". This wording refers only to OPEN irrigation systems that dump water that might be treated with Physan 20 into ponds, lakes, or any fish bearing water. Physan 20 is toxic to fish. It coats their gills and interferes with their breathing. This wording is provided by the U.S. EPA and we are not permitted to change it. However, hydroponic systems are considered CLOSED irrigation systems that do not endanger fish. Physan 20 can be used in this closed system.
Algae Control on Rock Wool and other Substrates
Physan 20 can be used to treat rock wool and other growing substrates to eliminate algae both between crops and in the presence of plants. You must use different dilutions for each of these applications.
TO USE ON ROCK WOOL/SUBSTRATES BETWEEN CROPS TO TREAT ALGAE: Make a dilute solution by adding 1 Tablespoon of Physan 20 to a gallon of water. Soak the cubes in this solution for 10 minutes. Remove cubes and let dry. Do NOT plant in the cubes for 7 days. This allows for a complete kill of algae and a breakdown of the Physan 20 active ingredients so that tender plants are not harmed upon planting.
TO USE ON ROCK WOOL/SUBSTRATES ALREADY PLANTED TO TREAT ALGAE: Make a dilute solution by adding 1-1/2 teaspoons of Physan 20 to a gallon of water. Put in a sprayer bottle and spray the surface of the rock wool substrate where algae is present. Let the sprayed surface remain wet for 10 minutes. You may also use this same dilution to spray the entire plant as well as the affected surfaces for complete pathogen control. If algae persists, apply again in same manner in 7 days. Measure carefully and DO NOT increase the concentration of the Physan, as crop damage can occur.
Adding Physan 20 to Nutrient Solutions
Adding Physan 20 to organic nutrient solutions may reduce or negate completely the algae and pathogen-killing capabilities of Physan 20. As Physan 20 is pH neutral, its addition will not change the pH of the nutrient solution. However, it should be considered that tender root systems are potentially at risk from a continual bath of Physan 20 solution. Because we cannot know what type of plants you are growing and what nutrients are being used, we can give no guidance as to the combining of Physan 20 with nutrients.
Physan 20 as a Foliar Spray for Pathogen Control
Physan 20 can be applied to plants as a foliar spray to control pathogens. However, it is NOT an insecticide and will not kill aphids, mites, scale, or pests of this sort. Physan 20 leaves no harmful residue if foliage is dried and smoked.


Scientist advices not to watch video content in HD quality if you want to save the Planet
Photo Courtesy: Netflix
With the arrival of Reliance Jio 4G network during late 2016, the data prices fall significantly in India. India has the lowest data charges in the world. With the introduction of cheap data plans it is not surprising that streaming high definition (HD) movies, shows and music on other online platforms have become a common practice.
According to a research by scientists in the UK at the honorable Royal Society, video streaming in HD on a smartphone produces approx. eight times more emissions as compared to standard definition (SD). Some of the viewers might not be aware of the difference between 480p and 720p streaming.
The scientists requested online platform companies and regulators to limit the streaming resolution. They said to set the default resolution to SD in order to reduce per capita carbon emissions and combat climate change. As per the reports "Arguably decisions on limiting streaming resolution should be taken by platforms and regulators rather than consumers."
The report further added that the estimated contribution of digital sectors to global emissions scales from 1.4% to 5.9% of the global total.
According to the report, there is another simple way to save energy wherein users should turn off their screens while streaming music if they are just listening to it and not watching. As per them such small moves could save up to 5% of the emissions from a streaming service, a reduction when compared to the achievement by running YouTube's servers via renewable energy.
The report also recommends various measures which can be applied by consumers, the government, and industry in order to reduce their impact on the sustainability of the planet.
Manufacture of phones, tablets, laptops and smart TVs is a carbon intensive process and people replace their smartphones very often every other year or so. But if we use a mobile phone for two years or more than two simply means that the carbon emissions used in manufacturing represents about half of the total emissions which it will generate throughout its lifetime.
"If individuals keep their phones for four years instead of two, this contribution is halved," said the Royal Society.
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text:
You can authenticate a Zuora v2 element instance in one of two ways:
- Basic authentication, where you supply the user name and password of the Zuora user.
- Custom, where you provide the Client ID and Client Secret of the OAuth client associated with the user. See the instructions below to create an OAuth client.
Create an OAuth Client
To use the Custom authentication workflow, you must create an OAuth Client for a user and record the Client ID and Client Secret.
To create an OAuth client:
- Log in to your account at Zuora.
- Click your username at the top right and navigate to Administration Manage Users.
- In the OAuth Clients section, enter a name for the OAuth client.
- Click Create.
Record the Client ID and Client Secret.Note: Make sure that you capture the secret because you cannot access it again.


text:
Oracy is the ability to speak clearly and confidently, adapting tone and style to suit the needs of the audience. It is a key skill in the wider world and prepares children for the future world of interviews and interactions.
In our school, a key focus of oracy is precision of language. Children are expected to speak in full sentences and use Standard English. Filler phrases such as 'like', 'basically' and 'literally' add no value to sentences and are actively discouraged. Class discussions are a daily feature to enable children to practise the use of concise points and summaries. Children are supported in structuring their responses through 'stem sentences', (eg: "I think that.... because").
In addition, volume and body language enable children to engage with others. Eye contact, straight backs, and hands (or objects) away from faces mean children speak clearly and project their voices. In Upper Key Stage 2, these skills are practised and demonstrated through debating. Children are taught how to run, participate and engage in lively and interactive debates. They learn to listen to and share differing opinions in a safe environment. These also promote our school rules: "We are good listeners" and "We are respectful" and our British Value of tolerance.
In Year 6, children have the opportunity to take part in a debating tournament with other schools run by Latymer Upper School.


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Signaling is defined by Yvain as "a method of conveying information among not-necessarily-trustworthy parties by performing an action which is more likely or less costly if the information is true than if it is not true". Some signaling is performed exclusively to impress others (to improve your status), and in some cases isn't even worth that. In other cases, signaling is a side-effect of an otherwise useful activity.
For example, if doing something is easy for one type of person and hard for another type of person, you might do that thing just to get people to think you're the former type of person, even if the thing isn't in itself worth doing. This could explain many facets of human behavior, and reveal opportunities for reducing waste.
Not all signaling is about abilities. Signaling can also be about personality, current emotional state, beliefs, loyalty to a particular group, status within a group, etc.
by Robin Hanson
- Do Helping Professions Help More? and Gifts Hurt
- Excess Signaling Example
- A Tale Of Two Tradeoffs
- Why Signals Are Shallow - "We all want to affiliate with high status people, but since status is about common distant perceptions of quality, we often care more about what distant observers would think about our associates than about how we privately evaluate them."
- Signals Are Forever
- Least Signaling Activities?
- What Is Signaling, Really? by Yvain
- Think Before You Speak (And Signal It) by Wei Dai
- Declare Your Signaling and Hidden Agendas by Kaj Sotala
- Modularity, Signaling, and Belief in Belief by Kaj Sotala

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


POE::Loop - documentation for POE's event loop bridge interface
POE::Loop - documentation for POE's event loop bridge interface
POE's runtime kernel abstraction uses the ''bridge'' pattern to encapsulate services provided by different event loops. This abstraction allows POE to cooperate with several event loops and support new ones with a minimum amount of work.
POE relies on a relatively small number of event loop services: signal callbacks, time or alarm callbacks, and filehandle activity callbacks.
The rest of the bridge interface is administrative trivia such as initializing, executing, and finalizing event loop.
POE::Kernel uses POE::Loop classes internally as a result of detecting which event loop is loaded before POE is. You should almost never need to use a POE::Loop class directly, although there is some early support for doing so in cases where it's absolutely necessary.
See Using POE with Other Event Loops in the POE::Kernel manpage for details about actually using POE with other event loops.
An event loop bridge is not a proper object in itself. Rather, it is a suite of functions that are defined within the POE::Kernel namespace. A bridge is a plugged-in part of POE::Kernel itself. Its functions are proper POE::Kernel methods.
 # $Id: Loop.pm 2116 2006-09-08 04:45:45Z rcaputo $
 use strict;
 # YourToolkit bridge for POE::Kernel;
 package POE::Loop::YourToolkit;
 use vars qw($VERSION);
 $VERSION = do {my@r=(q$Revision: 2116 $=~/\d+/g);sprintf"%d."."%04d"x$_TAG_,_USER_};
 package POE::Kernel;
 ... private lexical data and functions defined here...
 =head1 NAME
 ... documentation goes here...
The public interface for loop bridges is broken into four parts: administrative functions, signal functions, time functions, and filehandle functions. They will be described in detail shortly.
Bridges use lexical variables to keep track of things. The types and number of variables depends on the needs of each event loop. For example, POE::Loop::Select keeps bit vectors for its select() call. POE::Loop::Gtk tracks a single time watcher and multiple file watchers for each file descriptor.
Bridges often employ private functions as callbacks from their event loops. The Event, Gtk, and Tk bridges do this.
 perldoc -m POE::Loop::Select
 perldoc -m POE::Loop::Gtk
These functions initialize and finalize an event loop, run the loop to process events, and halt it.
Initialize the event loop. Graphical toolkits especially need some sort of init() call or sequence to set up. For example, POE::Loop::Gtk implements loop_initialize() like this.
 sub loop_initialize {
POE::Loop::Select does a little more work.
 sub loop_initialize {
 sub loop_finalize {
 next unless defined $fileno_watcher[$fd];
 foreach my $mode (MODE_RD, MODE_WR, MODE_EX) {
 warn "Fileno $fd / mode $mode has a watcher at loop_finalize"
Wait for time to pass or new events to occur, and dispatch events which are due. If the underlying event loop does these things, then loop_do_timeslice() either provideminimal glue for them or does nothing.
For example, the loop_do_timeslice() function for the Select bridge sets up and calls select(). If any files or other resources become active, it enqueues events for them. Finally, it triggers dispatch for any events are due.
A sample loop_do_timeslice() is not presented here because it would either be quite large or empty. See the bridges for Poll and Select for large ones. The Event, Gtk, and Tk bridges are good examples of empty ones.
Run an event loop until POE has no more sessions to handle events. This function tends to be quite small. For example, the Poll bridge uses:
 sub loop_run {
 my $self = shift;
 while ($self->_data_ses_count()) {
This function is even more trivial when an event loop handles it. This is from the Gtk bridge:
 sub loop_run {
Halt an event loop, especially one which does not know about POE. This tends to be an empty function for loops written in the bridges themselves (Poll, Select) and a trivial function for ones that have their own main loops.
For example, the loop_run() function in the Poll bridge exits when sessions have run out, so its loop_halt() function is empty:
 sub loop_halt {
 # does nothing
 sub loop_halt {
These functions enable and disable signal watchers.
loop_watch_signal SIGNAL_NAME
Watch for a given SIGNAL_NAME, most likely by registering a signal handler. Signal names are the ones included in %SIG. That is, they are the UNIX signal names with the leading ''SIG'' removed.
Most event loops do not have native signal watchers, so it is up to their bridges to register %SIG handlers. Some bridges, such as POE::Loop::Event, register callbacks for various signals.
There are three types of signal handlers:
The loop_watch_signal() function tends to be very long, so an example is not presented here. The Event and Select bridges have good examples, though.
loop_ignore_signal SIGNAL_NAME
Stop watching SIGNAL_NAME. This usually resets the %SIG entry for SIGNAL_NAME to DEFAULT. In the Event bridge, however, it stops and removes a watcher for the signal.
The Select bridge:
 sub loop_ignore_signal {
 my ($self, $signal) = _USER_;
 $SIG{$signal} = "DEFAULT";
The Event bridge:
 sub loop_ignore_signal {
 my ($self, $signal) = _USER_;
 if (defined $signal_watcher{$signal}) {
 delete $signal_watcher{$signal};
loop_attach_uidestroy WINDOW
Send a UIDESTROY signal when WINDOW is closed. The UIDESTROY signal is used to shut down a POE program when its user interface is destroyed.
This function is only meaningful in bridges that interface with graphical toolkits. All other bridges leave loop_attach_uidestroy() empty. See POE::Loop::Gtk and POE::Loop::Tk for examples.
These functions enable and disable a time watcher or alarm in the substrate. POE only requires one, which is reused or re-created as necessary.
Most event loops trigger callbacks when time has passed. Bridges for this kind of loop will need to register and unregister a callback as necessary. The callback, in turn, will dispatch due events and do some other maintenance.
The bridge time functions accept NEXT_EVENT_TIME in the form of a UNIX epoch time. Event times may contain fractional seconds. Time functions may be required to translate times from the UNIX epoch into whatever representation an underlying event loop requires.
loop_resume_time_watcher NEXT_EVENT_TIME
Resume an already active time watcher. Used with loop_pause_time_watcher() to provide lightweight timer toggling. NEXT_EVENT_TIME is the UNIX epoch time of the next event in the queue. This function is used by bridges that set time watchers in other event loop libraries. For example, Gtk uses this:
 sub loop_resume_time_watcher {
 my ($self, $next_time) = _USER_;
 $next_time -= time();
 $next_time *= 1000;
 $next_time = 0 if $next_time < 0;
 $_watcher_timer = Gtk->timeout_add( $next_time,
It is often empty in bridges that implement their own event loops.
loop_reset_time_watcher NEXT_EVENT_TIME
Reset a time watcher, often by stopping or destroying an existing one and creating a new one in its place. This function has the same semantics as (and is often implemented in terms of) loop_resume_time_watcher(). It is usually more expensive than that function, however. Again, from Gtk:
 sub loop_reset_time_watcher {
 my ($self, $next_time) = _USER_;
 undef $_watcher_timer;
Pause a time watcher. This should be done without destroying the timer, if the underlying event loop supports that.
POE::Loop::Event supports pausing a timer:
 sub loop_pause_time_watcher {
These functions enable and disable file activity watchers. The pause and resume functions are lightweight versions of ignore and watch. They are used to quickly toggle the state of a file activity watcher without incurring the overhead of destroying and creating them entirely.
All the functions take the same two parameters: a file HANDLE and a file access MODE.
Modes may be MODE_RD, MODE_WR, or MODE_EX. These constants are defined by POE::Kernel and correspond to read, write, or exceptions.
POE calls MODE_EX ''expedited'' because it often signals that a file is ready for out-of-band information. Not all event loops handle MODE_EX. For example, Tk:
 sub loop_watch_filehandle {
 my $fileno = fileno($handle);
 # The Tk documentation implies by omission that expedited
 confess "Tk does not support expedited filehandles"
 if $mode == MODE_EX;
loop_watch_filehandle HANDLE, MODE
Watch a file HANDLE for activity in a given MODE. Registers the HANDLE (or, more often its file descriptor via fileno()) in the given MODE with the underlying event loop.
POE::Loop::Select sets a vec() bit so the next select() call will know about the handle. It also tracks which file descriptors it has active.
 sub loop_watch_filehandle {
 my $fileno = fileno($handle);
loop_ignore_filehandle


text:
First Nights Five Musical Premieres Paperback Sep 10 2001 By Professor Thomas Forrest Kelly
This lively book takes us back to the first performances of five famous musical compositions: Monteverdi's Orfeo in 1607, Handel's Messiah in 1742, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in 1824, Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique in 1830, and Stravinsky's Sacre du printemps in 1913. Thomas Forrest Kelly sets the scene for each of these premieres, describing the cities in which they took place, the concert halls, audiences, conductors, and musicians, the sound of the music when it was first performed (often with instruments now extinct), and the popular and critical responses. He explores how performance styles and conditions have changed over the centuries and what music can reveal about the societies that produce it. Kelly tells us, for example, that Handel recruited musicians he didn't know to perform Messiah in a newly built hall in Dublin; that Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was performed with a mixture of professional and amateur musicians after only three rehearsals; and that Berlioz was still buying strings for the violas and mutes for the violins on the day his symphony was first played. Kelly's narrative, which is enhanced by extracts from contemporary letters, press reports, account books, and other sources, as well as by a rich selection of illustrations, gives us a fresh appreciation of these five masterworks, encouraging us to sort out our own late twentieth-century expectations from what is inherent in the music.


text:
I am looking for methods that take into account rotation as well as translation for continuous collision detection.
My broad phase algorithm uses swept maximal bounding spheres returning a start time when the objects will be within their maximum radius.
I have two ideas how to handle the next phase of collision detection:
1 ignore rotation:
A simplified collision I am considering is to ignore rotation from the beginning of the narrow phase and use a GJK representation to raycast the relative motion of the objects to the origin. This should give an intersection time by a raycast against a convex hull. This method will result in colliding objects to stop rotating for a portion of the time step, and can miss collision due to rotation over the timestep.
2 bisection search:
Doing a bisection search of instantaneous GJK tests at increasingly smaller intervals, presumably down to a fixed size. If a collision is detected then only earlier points in the bisection need be considered (reducing the search space), but to rule out collision completely the full space needs to be searched. This seems fairly expensive and can still miss collisions where the periodicity of motion is between the test points.
I have found some indication that dual numbers or dual quaternions + screw theory may have some application but it seems like an advanced topic and so far the only game-related application I have found is in mesh deformation, not collision detection. Screw theory seems promising, but I'm not sure it applies to situations where the axis of rotation is not the same as the axis of translation, or if that is just a sub-set of certain screw motions.
Some possible resources:
Edited by PrestoChung, 19 October 2013 - 10:42 PM.


Passage IV
38. The passage points to which of the following as a characteristic of trap-jaw ants' mandibles that prevents the ants from harming themselves with their powerful bite?
 - A. A hinge prevents the mandibles from snapping together forcefully.
 - B. Mandibles with cushioned inner edges provide a buffer when the mandibles snap shut.
 - C. A latch mechanism prevents the mandibles from closing completely.
 - D. The mandibles begin to decelerate before they meet.


text:
These chicken and sweet potato treats contain glucosamine which helps repair body tissues, can reduce pain, and helps restore joint health.
- Glucosamine: Glucosamine is a natural joint lubricant and can help reduce swelling and promote the strength of muscles and bones.
- Chicken: Chicken is high in protein which provides dogs with the nutrients they need to build and maintain strong bones. It is also high in amino acids which will boost immune health.
- Sweet Potato: Sweet Potatoes are high in fiber, Vitamin A and Vitamin C. These nutrients help promote digestive health, skin and coat health, and promote muscle growth.
- Flaxseed: Flax is high in omega-3 fatty acids which are good for promoting skin and coat health.
- Inulin: Inulin is a source of prebiotic which can promote digestive health.
- Joint and hip health
- Pain relief
- Up to 25 lbs. - 2 chews daily
- 26 to 75 lbs. - 3 chews daily
- Over 75 lbs. - 4 chews daily
?Treat Size: Apprx. 3/4" Heart
Approx. Treats per bag - 80
Shelf life - 18 months


5 Steps to Deal with the Torrent of Data Requests in Regulated Industries
Steps to Deal with the Torrent of Data Requests in Regulated Industries
The Covid-19 pandemic has given a huge blow to economies worldwide. Quick responses from regulated industries, including the public sector and healthcare have been vital in suppressing the death toll, but have created a gateway for data privacy infringements.
In the aftermath of the pandemic, we can expect a surge in the number of eDiscovery requests and litigation cases.
Most people affected by the coronavirus will want to know whether their privacy has been compromised and in what ways. And this goes beyond the healthcare sector.
These will include people who lost their jobs, as well as parents whose kids used unsafe communication tools to attend classes. And they will also want to know how healthcare institutions, regulatory bodies, and school districts handled their data.
Time to Prepare for Data Requests is Now
Whatever could be said of the preparedness of healthcare institutions and government agencies, we should give them the benefit of the doubt that they did their best to preserve as many lives as possible. Still, this won't abolish them from individual cases of data retrieval.
People will want to get access to their medical files, whether to get a better understanding of their symptoms or to seek evidence of data mistreatment.
And that's not all: individual requests are only one part of the issue. On the other hand, regulatory bodies will check for compliance with regulations on business records preservation. This affects a broad range of sectors, including K12 schools and higher education institutions, legal companies, financial organizations and firms, as well as construction companies.
So what can organizations do to prepare for the inevitable rise in the amount of data requests? We've compiled a list of steps that can help companies prepare.
Step 1: Assign a responsible person
While this is something that might sound trivial, companies often fail at this step. But it's essential: unless there is someone in your firm specifically tasked with the responsibility to ensure data compliance, chances are no one will pick up that responsibility.
This could potentially lead to some use cases/files slipping through the cracks, which could expose the entire company to non-compliance. There are hundreds of regulations on information archiving in the US, so you should really prioritize your compliance, no matter how large your organization is.
So first get your compliance officer, who will interpret the rules alongside your legal team. They should then work on creating and implementing comprehensive policies that will define the data that needs to be archived, as well as how this information will be captured.
They should also perform in-house random checks to ensure all data is backed up securely and that all personnel know how to handle sensitive data and which communication tools to use.
Step 2: Identify which data needs archiving
This step requires thorough research but pays off in the long run. The key outcome here is to make a list of all channels of communications used among your employees and then decide on the ones acceptable for your businesses.
You need to understand where your business records are discussed. Is it WhatsApp or Slack? Do you use Zoom or Skype? Can you capture all this information? In a worst-case scenario, will you have concrete evidence to prove you didn't disclose your clients' data?
Once you know the range of business communication channels you use, you will be much better at tracking, capturing, and retaining all this data.
Step 3: Automate information capturing
The number of communication channels has been expanding vastly, and large organizations often find it difficult to keep track of all places and information exchanged. But once you know where to look for business records, you still need to make sure no piece of information gets lost in the way.
To this end, you need to rely on robust technology that can do this process for you automatically, without disrupting the work of your core departments.
You need to find an information archiving solution that can capture and search through not just email messages, but also video calls, voice calls, instant messaging, zipped files, attachments, and all other places where often vital business information lies.
Step 4: Keep all data unaltered
To face the rising number of data retrieval requests, you need to keep all communication intact. The reason for this is that your organization will need to present proof of the authenticity and integrity of information in case this information is used in a legal proceeding.
With a tamper-proof archiver, you can preserve the original content and metadata for all messages pertaining to a particular case.
So, in cases where you expect an audit or investigation, you should implement a technology that will allow you to apply the legal hold. That way, you will be able to preserve business communication for an indefinite period of time, even after the expiry of its retention period.
Step 5: Train your employees on best practices
As a rule, organizations in regulated industries work with sensitive information, such as health records, financial data, education records, and so on. And what we often see in practice is that no technology is good enough to prevent the mishaps that can happen due to employees being unaware of regulations they need to follow.
That's why in the period when the number of these requests is likely to rise, you need to make sure all your employees understand their role in the process.
Thousands of pictures and videos taken in hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic have swarmed social media, showing staff working endless shifts to save lives. In most cases, there was no bad intention: these scenes can help people understand why they need to respect the precautionary measures.
However, all of this information can contain some sensitive data: what if someone's identity is revealed? In that case, the person affected can rightly ask for legal action against the hospital or clinic for disclosing their personal information.
About Author:-
Stefan is a writer at Jatheon Technologies, where he covers information archiving and compliance in regulated industries.
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Home>Questions>What is the difference between debt funds and fixed deposit?
What is the difference between debt funds and fixed deposit?
I have been investing in FD but I want to start investing in debt funds. Should I invest in debt fund or FD? Is debt fund risky?
Pijush Kanti Biswas
Debt fund is a mutual fund which invests most of the money gather from investors into fixed income instruments like corporate bonds, government bonds (both state and central), bonds issued by banks, certificate of deposit, treasury bills etc.
Fixed Deposits(FDs) is investment instrument provided by banks or NBFCs, which gives you fixed return on money you parked in these institutes, until the given maturity date.
Definitely investment in debt mutual funds is much better option than parking your money in bank Fixed Deposits(FDs).
Reason being:
 - No deduction of taxes or TDS on the earning from debt funds. Whereas, the interest earned on FDs are fully taxable at the normal rate applicable to the investor along with yearly deduct TDS on interest income from the FDs.
 - Debt funds are highly liquid which can be easily converted in to cash that too within a day time.
 - Debt funds generally gives you higher return on investment as compared to FDs.
 - Debt funds are much flexible in terms of transfer where as amount invested on FDs cannot be transferred to other banks.
Both fixed deposits (FDs) and debt mutual funds are low-risk investment financial instruments and were used to be seen as comparable investment options. But recently after demonetisation, major Indian banks, in both public and private sector, have revised the interest rates they offer on FDs. Country's largest lender, State Bank of India (SBI), cut its interest rate on FDs to 6.90% for maturity period of 1-year and to 6.50% for maturity periods between 3 to 10 years, which is lowest in the industry now. Whereas, return on debt mutual funds are around 9-11% annually. In such a scenario, parking your surplus cash in debt mutual funds is a wise investment.
While it is true to say that debt funds are much safer mutual funds, but they are not risk free like the way bank fixed deposits (FDs) are. Still debt funds are best option for an investor with low risk appetite aspiring for higher returns as compared to FDs.
Some popular example of debts funds:
Happy Investing!
Arpit Chandak
This is the most common question now a days for the investors as most of the people have started shifting towards debt funds. The major difference between them is that mutual funds have the advantage of tax adjusted returns over the fixed deposits.
Differences between debt funds and fixed deposits:
Tax: Returns from fixed deposits is your interest income and hence, tax is deducted on it. Banks also deduct TDS on interest from fixed deposits. However, for debt funds, there is no such TDS deduction. If they are on hold for more than 36 months, then only 20% tax is levied.
Returns: Fixed deposits returns are usually in the range of 6% to 7% only. However, the returns from debt funds have proven to be slightly higher in comparison to fixed deposits. Few debt funds such as Intermediate government bond category has provided returns even up to 10.08%.
Risk: Although bank deposits are considered to be the safest, mutual fund industry is also closely regulated and monitored by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
Liquidity: Fixed deposits have a lock-in period i.e. you withdraw before maturity date, you have to pay certain charges. On the other hand, debt funds are completely liquid. You can withdraw your amount anytime plus your returns on that part of investment.
Flexibility: The amount once invested in fixed deposits, cannot be transferred to other banks. However, debt funds provide flexibility in terms of transfer. You can transfer the amount from one fund to another in case the particular fund is not performing up to the expectations.
Top performing debt funds:
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Use purport when you want to convince people about something that might not be true, like when you purport that the dog ate your homework.
The verb purport can mean "to claim" — whether you mean it or not — or "to intend," like when you purport to study all night. So it makes sense that as a noun, purport means the intention or purpose, like the purport of a political candidate's speech was to get your vote. If the speech was long and hard to follow, you might be lucky just to get the purport, which here means "the main point or meaning."
Definitions of purport
v have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming
"The letter purports to express people's opinion"
Type of:
assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing
v propose or intend
aim, propose, purpose
Type of:
intend, mean, think
have in mind as a purpose
n the intended meaning of a communication
intent, spirit
Type of:
import, meaning, significance, signification
the message that is intended or expressed or signified
n the pervading meaning or tenor
Type of:
strain, tenor
the general meaning or substance of an utterance
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text:
Evolution Characteristics of the Kurtosis Parameter on a Distorted Cat's Eye Effect Reflected Beam
Y-Z. Zhao, H-Y. Sun and Y-H. Zheng
Based on the definition of second order moment, fourth order moment and the approximate three-dimensional analytical formula for oblique laser beam passing through a cat's eye optical lens with centre shelter, the analytical expression of kurtosis parameter of the cat's eye effect reflected light under far field condition has been deduced. Evolution characteristics of kurtosis parameter affected by the incident angle, back backhaul transmission distance, focal shift and centre shelter ratio are performed by numerical calculation, and analysed physically. The results show that the reflected beam at the return place changes from a leptokurtic beam into a mesokurtic beam along with the increase of the incident angle. Only when the focal shift and incident angle are all very small, the kurtosis parameter at the return place has a large value and the reflected beam has a leptokurtic profile. These evolution characteristics of kurtosis parameter can be used to classify the distorted reflected beam.
Keywords: Laser optics, cat's eye effect, kurtosis parameter, evolution characteristics, reflected beam, incident angle, focal shift


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Uniform Rectangular Array
Support for Uniform Rectangular Arrays
You can implement a uniform rectangular array (URA) with phased.URA. Array elements are distributed in the yz-plane with the array look direction along the positive x-axis. When you use phased.URA, you must specify these aspects of the array:
 - Sensor elements of the array
 - Number of rows and the spacing between them
 - Number of columns and the spacing between them
 - Geometry of the planar lattice, which can be rectangular or triangular
Uniform Rectangular Array with Isotropic Antenna Elements
This example shows how to create a URA, get information about its element positions, response, and delays, and simulate its reception of two sine waves.
Create and view a six-element URA with two elements along the y-axis and three elements along the z-axis. Use a rectangular lattice, with the default spacing of 0.5 meters along both the row and column dimensions of the array. Each element is an isotropic antenna element, which is the default. Return the positions of the array elements.
hura = phased.URA([3 2]);
pos = getElementPosition(hura);
The x-coordinate is zero for all elements in the array.
You can plot the array response using the plotResponse method.
% Plot the response in 3D
Calculate the element delays for signals arriving from +/– 45 degrees azimuth and 0 degrees elevation.
hed = phased.ElementDelay('SensorArray',hura);
ang = [45 -45];
tau = step(hed,ang);
The first column of tau contains the element delays for the signal incident on the array from +45 degrees azimuth and the second column contains the delays for the signal arriving from –45 degrees. The delays are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign as expected.
The following code simulates the reception of two sine waves arriving from far field sources. One of the signals is a 100-Hz sine wave arriving from 20 degrees azimuth and 10 degrees elevation. The other signal is a 300-Hz sine wave arriving from –30 degrees azimuth and 5 degrees elevation. Both signals have a one GHz carrier frequency.
t = linspace(0,1,1000);
x = cos(2*pi*100*t)';
y = cos(2*pi*300*t)';
angx = [20; 10];
angy = [-30;5];
recsig = collectPlaneWave(hura,[x y],[angx angy],1e9);
Each column of recsig represents the received signal at the corresponding element of the URA, hura.
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text:
Design Thinking for Artificial Intelligence Projects
Design Thinking for Artificial Intelligence Projects
How IBM adapted design thinking principles to build a workflow for AI projects
Why should you read this article?
IBM uses an interesting workflow for AI projects that is based on design thinking principles, shown in detail in its specialisation on Coursera. It's a long MOOC, that goes into thorough detail on implementing AI apps, and its worth taking, if you have the time and technical knowledge. If you are only interested in learning the workflow and how to implement it on AI projects, this article can help you.
What is design thinking?
Design thinking is a type of thinking used when developing design concepts (for example when designing a new building or tech product), which seeks to understand the product from the end user's point of view. This is done not only by empathising with the user, but also by generating multiple ideas in brainstorming sessions, prototyping, and then testing those ideas. It is, thus, an iterative and hands-on approach by design. The main phases of the process are: empathise, define, ideate, prototype and test. I'll not get into the details of design thinking for product creation, but will focus instead on how this process can be adapted to AI projects.
The workflow presented by IBM for AI projects is the following, with the corresponding name in design thinking:
- Data collection (empathise)
- Exploratory analysis (define)
- Transformation (ideate)
- Modelling (prototype)
- Testing (test)
Let's now get into further detail of each of these steps.
This is where the data scientists talk to the people closest to the data to articulate the business opportunity and translate it into testable hypothesis or hypotheses. It includes defining a timeline, cost, feasibility, etc. Finally you proceed to gather data for the project.
- Get as close to the source of data as possible usually by interviewing the people involved
- Identify the business problem
- To articulate the business question, enumerate possible questions, and prioritise according to domain knowledge, feasibility and impact (impact can be measured using a back-of-the-napkin ROI calculation).
- Obtain all of the relevant the data
- Translate the business problem into a testable hypothesis or hypotheses
Exploratory data analysis
At this point, you try to visualise your data, check for missing values (and decide how to deal with each of them) and potentially test hypotheses.This part is composed by data visualisation and hypothesis tests.
Start your analysis with simple csv files, to make sure your model will have value, before building a full data ingestion pipeline.
Check for missing data, understand what features and observations have missing values, and why (go back to "empathise" and talk to the client)
Look at how the missing observations behave, compared to the rest:
- MCAR (Missing Completely At Random): missing cases are, on average, identical to non-missing cases, with respect to the feature matrix. Complete case analysis (removing those observations from the dataset) will reduce the power of the analysis, but will not affect bias
- MAR (Missing At Random): missing data often have some dependence on measured values, and models can be used to help impute what the likely data would be. For example, in an MLB survey, there may be a gender bias when it comes to completing all of the questions
- MNAR (Missing Not At Random): missing data depend on unmeasured or unknown variables. There is no information available to account for the missingness.
If needed, try a few different imputation methods, but make sure to come back and re-assess them during the modelling phase, knowing by then which ones yielded the best results. The process of trying different imputation methods is called multiple imputation.
- Univariate imputation: mean or median of the missing feature
- Multivariate imputation: use other variables to predict the missing feature
Create visual summaries detailing data, including missing values, outliers, classing imbalance issues, and try to identify factors that can be useful for your specific business problem and start formulating hypothesis.
Use plots and tables to create a first presentation or report telling a story related to your business problem (make sure all of them have at least one or two lines explaining the main point/conclusion). Finish with conclusions and suggestions on next steps.
where the goal is to transform your data so that it becomes consumable by models. This is where all the feature engineering magic happens.
At this point you define an evaluation metric and compare different models for your problem. Start with simple models, and build up from there.
Here the goal is not only to perform unit tests on your code, but also criticise the choices you have previously made and go back if needed (it usually is). It culminates with the deployment of the chosen solution, which is also subject to testing: even running models are subject to scrutiny and ongoing performance testing.
Digital Transformation is a journey of strategically planned organizational change to stay relevant in a competitive marketplace by leveraging disruptive technologies. Data source > _USER_ °°° _TAG_ by _USER_ & _USER_ _TAG_ _TAG_ _URL_
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text:
Length: 75.000 cm
Width: 28.000 cm (maximum)
Room 56: Mesopotamia
Bitumen boat model
From Ur, southern Iraq, about 2300-2100 BC
Southern Mesopotamia was a landscape of lagoons and waterways, and boats were one of the easiest forms of transport. They were made from reeds, skins or occasionally wood, and could be made watertight with bitumen, a product associated with oil which occurs naturally in pools.
This model of a boat, made of a mixture of bitumen and earth, comes from one of the graves in the cemetery at Ur. Similar model boats, made of metal or bitumen, have been found in other graves, including some of the 'Royal Graves'. They are all simple in design though some have seats and punt-poles. When found, these model boats were loaded with vessels, presumably containing supplies. They may have been symbolically intended either for the dead person's own use or used as a bait to lure away evil spirits, as suggested by later beliefs in Babylonia about the demon Lamashtu.
Similar full-scale boats are still used in the marshes of south Iraq.
C.L. Woolley and P.R.S. Moorey, Ur of the Chaldees, revised edition (Ithaca, New York, Cornell University Press, 1982)
H.W.F. Saggs, Babylonians (London, The British Museum Press, 1995)
M. Roaf, Cultural atlas of Mesopotamia (New York, 1990)
C.L. Woolley and others, Ur Excavations, vol. II: The R (London, The British Museum Press, 1934)


text:
This crossword clue is for the definition: Land of the banshee.
it's A 19 letters crossword puzzle definition.
Next time, when searching for online help with your puzzle, try using the search term "Land of the banshee crossword" or "Land of the banshee crossword clue". The possible answerss for Land of the banshee are listed below.
Did you find what you needed?
We hope you did!.
Possible Answers: EIRE.
Last seen on: LA Times Crossword 23 Nov 18, Friday
Random information on the term "EIRE":
The Proto-Celtic language, also called Common Celtic, is the reconstructed ancestor language of all the known Celtic languages. Its lexis can be confidently reconstructed on the basis of the comparative method of historical linguistics. As Celtic is a branch of the Indo-European language family, Proto-Celtic is a descendant of the Proto-Indo-European language. According to one theory, Celtic may be closest to the Italic languages, which together form an Italo-Celtic branch. The earliest archaeological culture that may justifiably be considered as Proto-Celtic is the Late Bronze Age Urnfield culture of Central Europe from the last quarter of the second millennium BC. By the Iron Age Hallstatt culture of around 800 BC, these people had become fully Celtic.


text:
How to Calculate a Lump Sum Plus Interest Rate
Original post by Stephanie Ellen of Demand Media
When you invest a lump sum in savings, the interest on the lump sum is compounded. For example, if you invested $100 at 4 percent interest, after one year you would earn interest on $100 and the second year you would earn interest on $104. The formula to calculate compound interest for a lump sum is A = P (1+r/n)^nt where A is future value, P is present value or principal amount, r is the interest rate, t is the number of years the money is deposited for and n is the number of periods the interest is compounded each year.
Gather your information. In order to calculate how much your savings will be worth, you need to know what the interest rate is and how many times a year the interest will be paid. You can obtain that information from your financial institution. For example, you might be thinking of investing $1,000 at a 5 percent interest rate, compounded quarterly for five years.
Insert the relevant information into the compound interest calculation. In this example, the compound interest calculation would be: A = (1000 (1 +.05/4))^ 4(5).
Type the equation into the calculator and then press enter. In this example, A = (1000 (1 +.05/4))^ 4(5) = $1,282.04.
Tips & Warnings
- Check with your calculator's manual to ensure you are entering the equation correctly. some calculators use a * symbol for multiplication while others may require you to press an "x" key.
About the Author
Stephanie Ellen teaches mathematics and statistics at the university and college level. She coauthored a statistics textbook published by Houghton-Mifflin. She has been writing professionally since 2008. Ellen holds a Bachelor of Science in health science from State University New York, a master's degree in math education from Jacksonville University and a Master of Arts in creative writing from National University.


text:
The Income Tax Department is a government agency undertaking direct tax collection of the Government of India. It functions under the Department of Revenue of the Ministry of Finance. Income Tax Department is headed by the apex body Central Board of Direct Taxes.
Taxation law is not only very complex as it requires specialized knowledge and expertise to implement, but also it necessitates various kinds of deterrent actions to ensure compliance by taxpayers.
- Assessment: Assessment is done to ensure correct estimation of total taxable income of an assessee (i.e. taxpayer) and it determines amount of tax to be payable by (or to be refunded to) asseesee.
- Fines and Penalty: These are financial punishments for non-compliance with any specific provision of the Income-tax Act.
- Surveys: ITD can survey any business premises for physical verification of records and other valuables.
- Search and Seizure: ITD can search residential and business premises of any taxpayer to check records and valuables to ensure that no evasion of tax is taking place.
- Prosecution: Certain actions of taxpayers, for example willful evasion of tax, are considered as criminal offence by the Income-tax Act and hence these offences result in prosecution.


text:
The brown trout was first brought into this state in the 1890s land is now abundant from high mountain streams to broad rivers flowing onto the plains. These fish can be difficult to catch, but many anglers have good success during their fall spawning runs. A large dark spotting pattern and reddish dots can help anglers distinguish these fish from rainbows and cutthroats.
Above courtesy of Colorado Division of Wildlife
Kept 36.4 inches, 30 lb 8 oz
Released 38 inches
Qualifying length for a Colorado Master Angler Award for Brown Trout is 22 inches.


text: 1. Tap and find your name. 2. Read each sentence and then using the tool, move it to "Facts" or Opinions". 3. Using the label tool, write your fact and opinion about the four seasons and move it "Facts" or "Opinions". 4. Tap to save and again to submit.


text:
You may want to filter and view your contacts which have a phone number to more easily add only call-able individuals to a call list, for example. Here's how to do that:
- From your Contacts page, click on advanced search.
- Click "field" to see the drop-down menu for categories.
- Select "Phone," then set the next field to "exists."
- Click "Submit Query," and the search will return contacts who have an email address. You can also select "does not exist" if you're looking for contacts without email addresses.
Pro-tip: You may wish to create a Saved Search that includes this criteria, so that you can always quickly identify contacts that meet a set of criteria, including having a phone number. Especially if your account includes the phone number lookup monthly add-on feature, saving this search criteria will help you quickly identify when someone you're trying to reach now has an associated phone number.


text:
Would-be donors skip giving when offered the chance to show public support for charities in social media, a new study from the University of British Columbia's Sauder School of Business finds.
"Charities incorrectly assume that connecting with people through social media always leads to more meaningful support," says Sauder PhD student Kirk Kristofferson, who co-authored the forthcoming Journal of Consumer Research article.
"Our research shows that if people are able to declare support for a charity publicly in social media it can actually make them less likely to donate to the cause later on."
The study results add fuel to recent assertions that social media platforms are turning people into "slacktivists" by making it easy for them to associate with a cause without committing resources to support it.
In a series of studies, researchers invited participants to engage in an initial act of free support for a cause – joining a Facebook group, accepting a poppy, pin or magnet or signing a petition. Participants were then asked to donate money or volunteer.
They found that the more public the token show of endorsement, the less likely participants are to provide meaningful support later. If participants were provided with the chance to express token support more privately, such as confidentially signing a petition, they were more likely to give later.
The researchers suggest this occurs because giving public endorsement satisfies the desire to look good to others, reducing the urgency to give later. Providing token support in private leads people to perceive their values are aligned with the cause without the payoff of having people witness it.
With the holiday season being the biggest fundraising period of the year, the researchers say it is vital that charities take another look at their strategies and plan appropriately.
The study, The Nature of Slacktivism: How the Social Observability of an Initial Act of Token Support Affects Subsequent Prosocial Action, was co-authored by Sauder School of Business Associate Professor Katherine White and Florida State University Associate Professor John Peloza.
"If charities run public token campaigns under the belief that they lead to meaningful support, they may be sacrificing their precious resources in vain," says Kristofferson. "If the goal is to generate real support, public facing social media campaigns may be a mistake."


text:
You've been working at a desk and sitting too long all day. You may be active in between but suddenly one fine day you feel like you're sitting on something and you experience a gradual pain starting form a dull ache to a constant discomfort in your tailbone also called your coccyx. Like thousands of people worldwide, you have developed coccydonia or tailbone pain which may be characterized as a throbbing aching pain almost like a muscle spasm but in your coccyx, the other word for your tailbone. So what do you do about it?
1. Most common cause of tailbone pain is sitting too long
Coccydonia can occur suddenly after an injury or for no apparent reason although sitting to long is one of the prime causes of the condition. The pain ranges from dull aching to spasms that can spread to the thigh, hips and rectum. Sitting becomes a problem and you may in severe cases find it difficult to sleep.
2. Home remedies can help manage the condition
If you are perplexed about it, don't worry as there are many home remedies to manage the condition. Even doctors will tell you that it is more your lifestyle changes, exercise and home strategies that will do much to relive your condition which may go away on its own although it may take some time to do so.
3. Where do you feel the pain?
The pain from coccydonia is felt in the tail bone. It can be a dull constant ache or it could also be sharp stabbing pains. In certain cases it could feel like a throbbing ache. Sometimes you may feel as if your tailbone is lengthened or swollen because you may experience the sensation of sitting on something. Sometimes when left untreated it can spread down the legs and the back.
p> The pain may radiate down the legs or up the back. It can feel like it is in the tailbone itself, or in the surrounding muscles and structures.
4. Causes of tailbone pain
Tailbone pain is associated with various causes that could be minor or serious. These include
- Injury to the tailbone or to surrounding muscles.
- Sitting too long for prolonged periods and also sitting awkwardly.
- Traumatic childbirth.
- Degeneration of nerves or joints.
- Pelvic floor dysfunction.
- Nerve compression during pregnancy.
Levator syndrome also causes coccyx pain and inflammation. Lumbar disc disease, spine surgery and spinal problems may also lead to tailbone pain.
However the most common cause of tailbone pain is sitting for prolonged periods for weeks on end without frequent breaks in between. This is why the condition is also known as weaver's bottom.
5. Can it go away?
Yes tailbone pain form common causes or even injury can go away provided you commit yourself to managing the condition. Coccydonia can go away on its own which usually happens between 8-12 weeks.
6. When should you see a doctor?
Consulting a doctor for coccydonia or tailbone pain depends on the severity and causes. Obviously for injuries, it is wise to see a doctor or your therapist. However, in common cases and tailbone pain from sitting or no reason, you could wait a couple of weeks before seeking medical intervention. But, it is also advisable to start your own home strategies to arrest the problem from developing further. The decision to see a doctor depends entirely on your ability to bear the problem, your discomfort and its severity.
7. If you experience the below symptoms, then see a doctor immediately
Loss of sensation, bruising, problems in movement and coordination, tingling that suggests a broken structure, it doesn't go away after a week, fever, your home remedy worsens the problem or other symptoms develop.
8. How to manage the problem
There are many strategies to manage tailbone pain. Here are some of them
- Stretches. 5 best stretches are provided at the end of the article
- Exercise and yoga. Both yoga and pilates can help alleviate tailbone pain
- Taking frequent breaks during work especially when having to sit too long at a desk job
- Using a coccyx cushion
- Ice pack. Apply an ice pack compress for 15 to 20 minutes
- Hot and cold compress: apply heat compress for 15 minutes. Rest and again apply ice compress for 15 minutes. This reduces the inflammation.
- Tailbone massage. You can use the help of a masseuse or get a family member to massage the coccyx area.
- Topical creams. Analgesic or anti inflammatory pain relief creams are also advised for application daily.
- OTC. Over the counter medication such as NSAIDS like ibuprofen or acetaminophen are also prescribed in management of tailbone pain. However, your doctor will be the best person to decide which medication to prescribe you depending on the severity of your condition.


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Our purpose and conviction are to ensure the following:
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4. Provide psychological pieces of training that address change of mindsets and help reposition Nigerians and Africans on a growth pedestal.
5. End hunger in Nigerians and Africa by partnering with eminent Nigerians and Africans to donate towards helping the vulnerable and using the proceeds to purchase and distribute food items to those who desperately need them. To also help people invest in agriculture by providing them with adequate information training on government policies that will benefit them.
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7. To end poverty, hunger and unemployment in Nigeria and Africa in the next ten years.
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text: Frederick Griffith was a British bacteriologist who lived in _PHONE_. In 1928, way before DNA was really discovered, Griffith made an experiment wondering if genetic information could be transferred between different strains of bacteria. It all started when he was studying two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae which is an illness that can cause pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, meningitis, and bacteremia. Both of the strands varied in appearance and virulence (the severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison). Details on the strains would include the S strain having a smooth capsule, or an outer coat composed of polysaccharides. It is also highly virulent, meaning it is very infectious to cause disease. On the other hand, the nonvirulent R strain had a rough appearance and lacked a capsule. He ended up injecting mice with the diseases, and the mice injected with the S strain died very quick (within a few days), while the mice injected with the R strain did not die.


text:
Forest fires and the law – guide for national drafters based on the Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines. E. Morgera & M.T. Cirelli. 2009. FAO Legislative Study No. 99. Rome, FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106151-0.
Forest fires can threaten livelihoods, ecosystems and landscapes. Fire management is the discipline of using fire to achieve land-management and land-use objectives, while safeguarding life, property and resources such as forests and other vegetation in rural areas. It encompasses prevention, preparedness, early warning, detection and mobilization, suppression and restoration (including research and technology transfer). It entails the appropriate use of natural or human-caused fire in maintaining ecological values and the integrity of certain ecosystems, and the use of fire to reduce the accumulation of natural fuel and residues from commercial and non-commercial activities.
Starting in 2003, FAO coordinated a multistakeholder process to develop Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines as part of a global strategy for international cooperation in fire management. The guidelines set out non-legally binding principles and internationally accepted strategic actions to address the cultural, social, environmental and economic dimensions of fire management at all levels. They can serve as a checklist to strengthen and implement policies, legal and regulatory frameworks, plans and procedures, and provide a basis for their development where these do not exist. Principle 8 of the voluntary guidelines clearly recognizes the role of legislation in supporting and institutionalizing forest fire management. Indeed fire prevention and suppression are often hampered by unclear lines of institutional responsibilities and by conflicting policies and legislation.
Using the Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines as a foundation, the present publication systematically identifies the elements of a coherent national legal framework on forest fires, capitalizing on the experience gained by FAO in advising
member countries on how to improve their forest legislation. It identifies emerging trends and singles out best practices and innovative legal solutions, taking as examples national and subnational legislation in a representative group of countries from different regions, having different ecosystems and different legal traditions.
The study concludes with key recommendations designed to help drafters of national legislation ensure that legal measures on forest fires are supportive of a holistic approach to fire management.
The publication is also available online at: _URL_
Bees and their role in forest livelihoods – a guide to the services provided by bees and the sustainable harvesting, processing and marketing of their products. N. Bradbear. 2009. Non-wood Forest Products No. 19. Rome, FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106276-0.
Bees are a fantastic resource: they are essential for sustaining the environment because they pollinate flowering plants; they sustain agriculture by pollinating crops; and they provide honey and other products that sustain the livelihoods of forest-dependent people in almost every country on earth. In many parts of the world, significant volumes of honey are still obtained by plundering wild colonies of bees, while elsewhere beekeeping is practised as a highly developed skill.
This book provides insight into the many ways in which bees and beekeeping contribute to people's livelihoods, and considers how to strengthen this contribution. It provides basic information on managing wild bees and on the use of their products. Its aim is to promote more sustainable beekeeping practices which will better sustain forest-dependent livelihoods in the developing world.
After describing the main bee species and introducing their importance in nature, the publication outlines the importance of apiculture for rural livelihoods and describes considerations in honey hunting and beekeeping. It reviews the impact of beekeeping on management and conservation of forests and the value of bees for crop pollination.
Next it turns to the products from bees – honey, beeswax, pollen, propolis, royal jelly and others – considered at both subsistence and commercial levels. It examines their production, value addition, trade and marketing, as well as constraints to their development.
Particular attention is given to further development of the potential for managing wild bee species in developing countries.
The text is supplemented with case studies from around the world, 12 pages of colour plates and a glossary of apiculture terms.
The publication is available online at: _URL_
Vital forest graphics. 2009. Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP; Rome, FAO; New York, USA, UNFF. ISBN 978-92-_PHONE_-0 (UNEP); 978-92-5-106264-7 (FAO).
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Vital Graphics series presents critical environmental issues in a simple and immediate way through the use of extensive graphics. To help communicate the value of forests to policy-makers and the wider public, UNEP, FAO and the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) joined efforts to produce the present volume in the series, which analyses, synthesizes and illustrates two dozen topical forest issues, mostly presented as two-page spreads.
Vital forest graphics first sets the stage by looking at what defines a forest. It provides an overview of global trends in forest cover and challenges in forest conservation and management, then focusing in on the world's four largest forest ecosystems: the tropical forests of the Amazon, the Congo Basin and Southeast Asia, and the boreal forests.
The publication scrutinizes some of the key drivers behind forest loss and reviews some of the best practices for sustainable forest management, including participatory management and economic incentives. It reviews the importance of forests for people's livelihoods, examining topics such as forests and food security, forests and conflict, and forests and indigenous people.
The book also analyses the role of forests with regard to today's most pressing environmental issues, including climate change, loss of biodiversity, land-use pressure, trade, air pollution, energy and biofuels. It reviews the main environmental functions provided by forests in support of human well-being, including regulation of the hydrological cycle and microclimate.
Finally Vital forest graphics highlights legal and economic tools that have been implemented to help conserve the forests and secure the livelihoods of forest-dependent communities.
This book is of general interest and will be especially useful to those seeking graphic evidence for key forest concepts. It is available electronically at: _URL_
Adaptation of forests and people to climate change – a global assessment report. R. Seppälä, A. Buck & P. Katila, eds. 2009. IUFRO World Series Vol. 22. Helsinki, Finland, IUFRO. ISBN 978-3-901347-80-1.
The Global Forest Expert Panels (GFEP) initiative of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests is a new mechanism for providing objective and independent scientific assessments of key forest-related issues to support international processes and decision-making at the global level. It is led and coordinated by the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO). Adaptation of forests and people to climate change is its first product, prepared by an Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change comprising 35 scientists and experts from different forest-related disciplines and different parts of the world.
The publication is divided into two main parts. The first analyses past and future impacts and vulnerabilities, both environmental and socio-economic. The second assesses adaptation options; it includes a chapter on current adaptation measures and policies, and another on management for adaptation.
The assessment notes that climate change over the past half-century has already affected forest ecosystems and could cause them to be lost entirely if carbon emissions are not reduced substantially. In a vicious circle, the loss of forests releases great quantities of carbon to the atmosphere, causing further climate change. The publication notes that climate change could increase the supply of timber in some regions, but elsewhere its negative impacts on forest goods and services will have social and economic consequences for forest-dependent people, especially those living in poverty.
The authors emphasize that sustainable forest management is essential for reducing the vulnerability of forests and people to climate change. Since there is no universally applicable measure for adapting forests to climate change, forest managers must have sufficient flexibility to deploy the adaptation measures most appropriate for their local situations. Secure land tenure and forest user rights and sufficient financial incentives are important. Finally, the authors stress that unmitigated climate change could exceed the adaptive capacity of many forests during the course of the present century. Large reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels and deforestation are therefore needed to ensure that forests retain their capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
There are still major gaps in knowledge about the impacts of climate change on forests and people and about how adaptation actions can best be tailored to local conditions. This book provides a solid basis for discussion and further research, thus contributing to the development of effective adaptation strategies.
The assessment also forms the basis of a policy brief entitled Making forests fit for climate change – a global view of climate-change impacts on forests and people and options for adaptation, prepared especially for policyand decision-makers. Both publications are available at: _URL_
Manuel de foresterie – nouvelle édition entièrement revue et augmentée. 2009. Quebec, Canada, Éditions MultiMondes. ISBN 978-2-89544-138-0.
The forestry profession covers a large variety of disciplines. Today's foresters must master a more diversified field of knowledge and deal with a greater breadth of issues than their predecessors, traditionally concerned for the most part with the tending and harvesting of forests.
The Manuel de foresterie is a unique – and uniquely large – book. This revised and expanded edition of the 1996 original covers in 36 chapters and about 1 500 pages


text:
Focus Point 13 on the Heritage Trail
Probably the oldest recorded feature on the Hill is the four and a half foot long carving of the Sun Goddess and its lesser-known counterpart the Moon God. The Sun Goddess is carved in a human crucificial form and its name refers to the sun ray design at the feet of the goddess. The figure's central axis is orientated 100° magnetic; the feet point roughly towards the rising sun at midsummer. It appears to have been re-cut at some point in the past, but has retained much of its original detail. Much of what we know of these carvings is shrouded in mystery but they are believed to be Norse Irish in origin and it has been suggested that they are from the late 9th century. If this dating and origin are correct the deities would be named Sunna (sun) and Mani (moon). Sunna and Mani where children of a giant named Mundilfari, who was known as the turner of time.
Sunna is a tall, golden and beautiful goddess and crosses the sky every morning with wild abandon in her sun chariot pulled by Allsvin and Arrakar (see focus point 10). Behind her chariot she pulls the sun and before her runs Daeg (Dag) her herald who rides Skinfaxi (a red bay horse) whose mane casts red light as it goes, creating the sun rise.
Mani is calmer than his sister and was generally deemed more thoughtful; he is renowned for his compassion especially to children in trouble, Mani's chariot was not pulled by horses but by two large dogs. Mani seldom uses his chariot as he is god of walkers and travellers and often just walks across the sky. He also has a herald, called Nott (a Jotun goddess, and mother of Daeg the sun herald) who rides a pitch-black steed named Hrimfaxi. As Hrimfaxi rides through the sky, water drips from his bridle covering the realms of the gods and men in a fine layer of dew which is found by those rising early in the morning.
The carvings are extremely delicate. Please do not walk on them, clean them, outline them in chalk, or worst of all, attempt to restore them.
|Next: The Mummers' Carvings||Previous: The Cock Pit||Up: Heritage Trail|


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text:
Definition of anaemia
a. - A morbid condition in which the blood is deficient in quality or in quantity. 2
The word "anaemia" uses 7 letters: A A A E I M N.
No direct anagrams for anaemia found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after anaemia (in bold), or to aaaeimn in any order:
s - anaemias
Shorter words found within anaemia:
aa ae ai aim ain am ama amain amen ami amia amie amin amine amnia an ana ane anemia ani anima anime em en in ma mae main man mana mane mania me mean men mi mien mina minae mine na nae nam name ne nema nim
List shorter words within anaemia, sorted by length
All words formed from anaemia by changing one letter
Browse words starting with anaemia by next letter


text:
Definition of cocoanut
n. - The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields an agreeable milky liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as food and in making oil. 2
The word "cocoanut" uses 8 letters: A C C N O O T U.
No direct anagrams for cocoanut found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after cocoanut (in bold), or to accnootu in any order:
s - cocoanuts
All words formed from cocoanut by changing one letter
Browse words starting with cocoanut by next letter


Creativity and the Fear of Repeating Yourself – Are You Really Stuck in the Rut You Think You Are?
Being original as an artist, and constantly evolving can feel like a major challenge. One of the most common fears connected with this is the fear of repeating yourself, reproducing the same artwork over and over again.
Think of this as being productive, because you're continuing to make stuff, but not being very creative, because what you're making seems like the same stuff over and over.
The first tip for dealing with this situation is to look at the reality.
Are you REALLY creating the same art, writing the same story, painting the same canvases?
Take a look back over the last 6 to 12 months of what you've been creating. Even if on the surface the work may look similar, once you review a little more closely you'll inevitably find small details that are evolving.
For example, you might have painted 5 portraits of young women posing by a lake. You look more closely at their hands and notice each time they've become a little more detailed and more realistic. Look at the colors of the lake in the background and they've become slowly more vivid and transmit to the viewer a greater depth with each successive painting.
And this is just the surface impression. Maybe you also realize that your ladies of the lake have helped you come to terms with the loss of a childhood friend that you enjoyed spending long summers at many a water's edge with. Each new piece has brought you a little more comfort and a little more acceptance at their passing.
Creating multiple pieces is often like an aeroplane circling a runway, waiting to land. Sometimes it needs to go around a few times and get the best viewpoint, getting closer and closer with each fly past, before it's ready to make a confident landing.
Each circling gets you a little closer. You can't go from having never painted a brush stroke in your life to producing masterful portraits in a single painting. It takes many attempts, which each bring their own challenge and enjoyment.
So the next time you feel you're stuck in a creative rut and repeating yourself by recreating the same art over and over, ask yourself if you really are. If the answer's yes, you can take a new direction.
It's more likely that, once you review your recent work, you'll find you're simply evolving with each orbit, and each new piece, becoming a more accomplished and enriched artist as you go. And that's something to be praised and celebrated.
Source by Dan Goodwin
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text:
The general architecture of the whole SIINEOS software stack is shown in Fig. 1. A device with a clean SIINEOS installation is equipped with the lower three OS layers. The upper two application layers are installed by system vendors or during application development.
- This layer consists of components required for starting up the device, initializing the hardware and loading the OS filesystem. The bootloader is a very basic software which performs basic hardware initialization, determines the active boot slot and loads and starts the Linux kernel. The Linux kernel contains all required hardware drivers, CPU & memory management code and many other components such as the TCP/IP networking stack. Once the kernel has been started, it mounts a readonly filesystem image (
rootfs) in combination with a RAM-based overlay for write operations. Afterwards control is passed over to
systemd, the primary system management process.
- All components in this layer are part of the root filesystem and are based on a minimalistic Debian GNU/Linux 10 installation. The Qt Framework comes with modules required for platform abstraction, system and file I/O, serial port and bus access and others. The SIINEOS system layer provides various services for storage, network and firewall management, installation of system updates and running both InCore and Docker apps.
- InCore Framework
- The InCore Framework consists of modules containing ready to use software blocks (objects) for building IoT/IIoT applications and is built ontop of Qt, especially the QtQml module. SIINEOS ships with highly optimized and target-CPU specialized InCore builds for superior performance. Refer to the InCore Framework Documentation for further information.
- Synqlude Middleware
- The Synqlude (Synergetic QML Includes) Middleware is a collection of high-level reusable components implemented in QML using the InCore Framework. These components implement commonly required functionalities such as generic measurement recording and cloud submission mechanisms.
- InCore Apps