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Although it is commonly referred to as a property tax "bill", most New Yorkers receive multiple property tax bills. In fact, as is shown below, some citizens can receive up to four tax bills. Therefore, if you add together you get your total property tax bill.
For example, see a sample bill from a family in Western New York from 2008:
What Should You Look for in Your Local Budgets?
You should first look for the budget message, which is written by the budget officer.
The budget message outlines the budget presentation and provides the reader with the general themes within the budget. Whether presented by program area or theme, the budget message will summarize increase (and reductions) to spending and programs.
You should also look for the revenue and spending sections of the budget.
Although local governments may have different budgetary formats, all local government budgets have sections about (i) revenues that the local government expects to take in during the fiscal year covered by the budget, and (ii) spending by the local government during the fiscal year covered by the budget. Many budgets often have separate sections that also describe revenues and spending by source of revenue. Budgets may also have summary sections, which often contain useful and important information that makes it easier to understand the budget. A summary will usually show how much is collected through individual taxes and fees, and overall amounts that are spent on employee payrolls, benefits, contractual expenses, etc. The budgets of larger local governments are likely to contain these summaries, and often include illustrative charts and graphs to explain the various parts of the budget. However, even smaller governments' budgets may contain more detailed sections with valuable information.


Related provisions for CONC 7.9.5
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A firm must ensure that a person contacting a customer on its behalf explains to the customer the following matters:(1) who the person contacting the customer works for;(2) the person's role in or relationship with the firm; and(3) the purpose of the contact.[Note: paragraph 3.3c of DCG]
A firm must not in a communication with the customer make a statement which may induce the customer to contact the firm misunderstanding the reason for making contact.[Note: paragraph 3.3d of DCG]
(1) An example of a misleading communication in CONC 7.9.2 R is a calling card left at the customer's address which states or implies that the customer has missed a delivery and encourages the customer to make contact.[Note: paragraph 3.3d (box) of DCG](2) The clear fair and not misleading rule in CONC 3.3.1 R also applies to a firm in relation to a communication with a customer in relation to credit agreement1 or a consumer hire agreement.
A firm must not contact customers at unreasonable times and must pay due regard to the reasonable requests of customers (for example, customers who work in a shift pattern) in respect of when, where and how they may be contacted.[Note: paragraphs 3.3j and k of DCG]
CONC 7.9.11GRP
A firm which:(1) threatens debt recovery action against the "occupier" of particular premises; or(2) sends a payment demand to all persons sharing the same name and date of birth or address as the customer;is likely to contravene CONC 7.9.10 R.[Note: paragraphs 3.9a (box) and 3.9b (box) of DCG]
CONC 7.9.13GRP
CONC 7.9.14RRP
CONC 7.14.6RRP
Where a customer disputes a debt and the firm seeking to recover the debt is not the lender or the owner, the firm must:(1) pass the information provided by the customer to the lender or the owner; or[Note: paragraph 3.23h of DCG](2) if the firm has authority from the lender or owner to investigate a dispute, it must notify the lender or owner of the outcome of the investigation.
CONC 7.14.10RRP
If a firm rejects a repayment offer because it is unacceptable, the firm must not engage in any conduct intended to, or likely to, have the effect of intimidating the customer1 into increasing the offer.[Note: annex A5 of DCG]
CONC 7.14.11GRP
Examples of conduct that may contravene CONC 7.14.10 R would, depending on the circumstances, include where following an unacceptable offer a firm immediately:(1) sends field agents to visit the customer or communicates to the customer that it will do so;[Note: annex A5 (box) to DCG](2) substantially increases the rate of interest or imposes a substantial charge or communicates that is will do either of those things.
CONC 7.14.14RRP
If a firm accepts a customer's offer to settle a debt, it must communicate formally and unequivocally that the offer accompanied by the relevant payment has been accepted as settlement of the customer's liability.[Note: paragraph 3.3h of DCG]
CONC 7.11.1RRP
When contacting customers, a firm must not misrepresent its authority or its legal position with regards to the debt or debt recovery process.[Note: paragraph 3.4 of DCG ]
CONC 7.11.2GRP
CONC 7.11.3RRP
A firm must not use official looking documents which are designed to, or are likely to, mislead a customer as to the status of the firm.[Note: paragraph 3.3a of DCG ]
(1) A firm must not exercise its rights under a continuous payment authority (or purport to do so):(a) unless it has been explained to the customer that the continuous payment authority would be used in the way in question; and(b) other than in accordance with the terms specified in the credit agreement or the P2P agreement.(2) If a firm wishes a customer to change the terms of a continuous payment authority it must contact the customer and:(a) provide the customer with an adequate
CONC 7.13.10GRP
CONC 7.15.5GRP
If the lender or owner has been in regular contact with the customer during the limitation period, the firm may continue to attempt to recover the debt.[Note: paragraph 3.15b of DCG]
(1) Failure to comply with CONC 6.5.2 R, which sets out when a firm must give notice to a customer where a regulated credit agreement has been assigned to a third party, will be taken into account by the FCA in taking decisions about a firm'spermission or about taking other action.[Note: paragraph 3.7g of DCG](2) CONC 6.5.2 R makes it clear that where arrangements for servicing the credit change at the time of the assignment of a regulated credit agreement, notice must be given
CONC 7.12.3GRP


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プログラミング教育におけるパソコングラフィックス導入の要点 Effective points of introducing computer graphics to BASIC programming
A teaching method using computer graphics as a tool in order to teach BASIC programming is presented. The method has the following 3 effective points. One point is that computer graphics help the students to understand the flow of their program by giving them visible results. The text is also easy to understand because example programs are always accompanied by the resultant graphics. Another point is that the students are allowed to talk freely and can teach each other during their exercise in programming. However, they cannot copy each other's program because this would be easily revealed by only a glance at the resultant graphics. The other point is that the method allows an exhibition of the student's graphics. They enjoy the exhibition and want to make original graphics, so they think out willingly and check the text eagerly. Some of the student's graphics and their opinions about the exercise are also presented.
図学研究 (73), 3-10, 1996-09-01

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Stick together
NS & Fellows' Associates round table - Teachers can predict which children are likely to offend. Pr
The Scottish Executive's Criminal Justice Plan, published in December, emphasises the importance of a seamless collaboration between public authorities and other organisations to develop and implement joined-up solutions. At the final in a series of round-table debates on community justice, held in Edinburgh, there were signs that this was starting to happen, but that there was still much to do.
"How can we work together more effectively to drive forward a multi-agency community justice agenda in Scotland?" the participants were asked.
The former community project leader and academic Bob Holman implied, as others later confirmed, that much of the problem lay with juvenile offenders. "What works is being alongside young people to keep them out of the justice system," he said. "The police in Scotland want to do that. But there's so much antisocial behaviour that they can't." Turning to the skills required to keep young people out of trouble, he noted: "Most social workers are case managers, not case workers. Kids need locally run community projects." His view was that such projects also had to involve non-offenders. "Kids learn from each other."
David Strang, chief constable of Dumfries and Galloway and president of the Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland, favoured community policing and working in partnership. "Community involvement will result in reduced demand. There's a huge emphasis on promoting this. What can we do with local youth initiatives? We should invest in that end. We should begin as early as possible. Teachers can predict which four-, fiveor six-year-olds are likely to offend. We need to get smarter. We can't start too young."
John McInnes QC, sheriff principal for South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway, is responsible for the introduction of youth court pilots in Hamilton and Airdrie. He commented: "There are many ways in which the public can be protected. Youth courts are dealing with persistent young offenders."
Persistent offenders were not amenable to a single solution, thought Fergus McNeill, a senior lecturer in social work at Glasgow University. "We must build communities which accept that children must be given a chance. We are dealing with a climate of public insecurity and fear."
One of four participants with a background in social work, the Scottish justice minister, Cathy Jamieson, said her approach was about effective intervention and diversion. "I have been able to make significant additional resources available for fast-tracking, which is being evaluated at the moment. There are a whole range of professionals who can contribute to solving the problems." The drawback, she continued, was that those suffering from antisocial behaviour were not sympathetic. "We must ensure that we don't lose public confidence. If a young person is getting involved in serious offending behaviour, the worst thing we can do is condone it."
Steve Knighton, director of government for Northgate Information Solutions, pointed out how his technology services company had been working with many organisations to get people to co-operate. "It's the right way to move forward," he said. "But who takes the lead?"
"We need to be seen to do something quickly, but in the understanding that the longer-term approach will probably be more effective," said Rory Mair, chief executive of the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities. "Short-term action mustn't get in the way of long-term solutions. Do you have a debate at the outset or suggest solutions at the beginning and [have] some partners feel threatened and defend their turf? We have got to be careful not to make people 'dig in'."
The director of the Advocacy Safeguards Agency, Adrienne Sinclair Chalmers, felt there were clear analogies between what they were discussing and the health services, with their multi-agency working. "We have to remember that a child in trouble has to engage with us, too. They don't feel anyone's listening to them. If a young person feels someone is listening, it can tremendously improve the levels of engagement."
"We do have a greater knowledge of a lot of young people," said David Liddell, director of the Scottish Drugs Forum. "In Drumchapel in Glasgow, we have worked closely with the community, which came up with a good basis for a project. There are many ways to engage more effectively with communities. There is a large degree of consensus." But Liddell also suggested that not everything was rosy when it came to working in partnership. "The past 20 years haven't improved things in many areas. For example, social work and health have been defending their own kingdoms. We need to acknowledge what we do and work together. We can't just achieve by multi-agency working. There are deep structural flaws which make that difficult. The issue is that the one who shouts loudest gets the resources."
There needs to be a national debate with a local contribution, said Mair. "I'm not saying local government has been entirely good about that. People go to their local council and say an elderly relative is not getting the care they need, and all the agencies deny responsibility. We have got to come up with a mechanism that resolves this."
Edinburgh University's Michael Adler, professor of social and political studies, felt it was a daunting task. However, pointing out that Scotland's incarceration rate was actually slightly lower than England's, he said: "The easiest way to bring down the prison population is to have more community action." This struck a chord with the sheriff. "I entirely agree," McInnes said. "Far too many of these people are serving six months or less. There's nothing useful that can be done in that time. We must be much more offender-centred than punishment-centred. If somebody hasn't got a job and can't write, he's much more likely to offend."
The minister also agreed. "A lot of what we're saying is contained in the Community Justice Plan," she observed. "A lot of short sentences are too short to trigger care arrangements. We need to reduce the number of very short sentences." She said that too often, the Scottish government heard from the community that it understood the problems, but still wanted something done about them. "We need to explain to hard-pressed communities that people aren't just getting away with it." However, she said, some communities took a much harder line: "Get them out of my sight for a period of time."
Adler felt prevention was an even bigger issue. "Do we take seriously commitment to prevention?" The abolition of things such as child poverty might help, but Scotland could not afford to wait, he said. "We need a focus, to pay off more quickly. We have here a jurisprudence system of which we're proud. One way is to work with what we have. Whether that's enough remains to be seen."
"Yes, we can begin to identify the key issues," said Jamieson. "We also have to face up to the fact that many people in poor and disadvantaged communities do not get involved in offending behaviour. But we also have to recognise that some people know exactly what they're doing and use it to get involved in serious crime. There is no simple solution."
"What sort of Scotland do we want? What sort of leadership do we need?" asked Strang. "We need to develop new thinking to break down stereotypes and polarisation." Who is shaping the agenda for the professionals to carry out, he asked. "There's a huge emphasis on community planning partnerships. We have to manage these across local and national boundaries." And, he added, we must strive to overcome our pessimism. "Generally, older folk think things are going out of control. I take a much more optimistic view."
Ruth Wishart (Facilitator) - Broadcaster and journalist
Michael Adler - Professor of social and political studies, University of Edinburgh
Adrienne Sinclair Chalmers - Director, Advocacy Safeguards Agency
Bob Holman - Retired social worker and academic
Cathy Jamieson - MSP; Scottish minister for justice
Steve Knighton - Director of government, Northgate Information Solutions
David Liddell - Director, Scottish Drugs Forum
Rory Mair - Chief executive, Convention of Scottish Local Authorities
John McInnes QC - Sheriff principal, South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway
Fergus McNeill - Senior lecturer in social work, University of Glasgow
David Strang - Chief constable, Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary


text:
Pronunciation: (di-strib'yu-tiv), [key]
1. serving to distribute, assign, allot, or divide; characterized by or pertaining to distribution.
2. Gram.referring to the members of a group individually, as the adjectives each and every.
3. Logic.(of a term) distributed in a given proposition.
a. (of a binary operation) having the property that terms in an expression may be expanded in a particular way to form an equivalent expression, as a(b + c) = ab + ac.
b. having reference to this property: distributive law for multiplication over addition.
c. (of a lattice) having the property that for any three elements, the intersection of the first element with the union of the others is equal to the intersection of the first element with each of the others.
a distributive word or expression.
Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Copyright © 1997, by Random House, Inc., on Infoplease.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Book Review: Born a Crime by Trevor Noah
I had heard so much about this book that when I finally found a free copy at my local public library, I quickly snatched it from the shelf and laid it atop my pile of TBRs. No joke; this book was a hard-hitter with little breathing room to escape the topic of apartheid in Noah's life. This is a story that must be read to be believed and must be felt with an open heart to try and understand the crisis of growing up with a family who loves you and a culture who doesn't understand you.
Trevor Noah was born to a Swiss father and a black Xhosa mother which made his birth a crime punishable by law. Struggling to keep Trevor a secret and live as normally as possible under apartheid, his mother found ways to give Trevor a good life even when the country was seemingly working against her. Upon liberation, Trevor and his mother were able to live their lives in a way neither would have though possible in his early childhood. This is a coming-of-age story as Noah finds his way in a world that desires to place a label on a life without trying to understand the individual.
This book is well-written, witty, and thought-provoking reflecting on issues that many individuals are still facing in our modern world. I loved the way that each chapter was settled with a note on apartheid along with a memory from Noah's youth focusing on the way personal history is directly intertwined with the current state of things in your culture. Noah's writing is so well-crafted that readers do not need to be history buffs or well-read on the subject to understand the movement and significance of apartheid before reading the book. Rather, Noah gives the facts face-forward allowing the reader to reflect on what the experience meant for his life and what it says about the current issues we are currently facing in a world where racism still exists. Noah doesn't hold your hand as you read; he slaps you on the back and asks readers to consider what it means to be born a crime.
This is a glimpse into a part of history is only fractionally explored, yet needs to have more light shed on it in order to prevent the terrible laws and actions of apartheid from happening again. I would recommend it to anyone who can take brutal honesty and quite a bit of foul language, to anyone who seeks a better understanding of the value of life and family, and anyone who enjoys the humor of Trevor Noah on The Daily Show.
My Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐


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Algebraic Cryptography Center
Department Director Alexei Miasnikov founded the Algebraic Cryptography Center (ACC) to investigate new techniques from computational algebra and their applications to practical problems in cryptography and cryptanalysis.
The ACC facilitates interdisciplinary research on foundational problems of cryptography and cybersecurity in collaboration with associate members at other institutions throughout the world. The center investigates unique applications of mathematical algorithms that may be used to facilitate security in quantum computing systems – an integral blending of both computer science and mathematics in pursuit of a greater goal. According to ACC director Robert Gilman, "If a technology such as a quantum computer suddenly gains the power to solve hard problems much more quickly, many of the crypto-systems that have become a vital part of global infrastructure will become insecure...we have to be able to ask, 'To what extent can we prove a crypto-system is secure?' And we need to be able to find an answer."
"Everything in the field of quantum computing and cryptographic mathematics is wide open," says Dr. Miasnikov. "There remain fundamental mathematical questions that affect the very nature of current and future cryptographic methods. These not only present challenging and exciting opportunities for researchers such as myself, but offer an exceptional chance for students to participate in this groundbreaking field."
The main research themes of the ACC are:
- Cryptanalysis of public key cryptosystems based on algebraic problems.
- Theoretical development of generic complexity.
- Application of generic complexity to the problem of testing the security of cryptosystems.
The Center sponsors a number of seminars, lectures, and visitors. It is currently located in Room 380 in the Kidde Building. The Algebra & Cryptography Seminar, jointly sponsored with the CUNY Graduate Center, meets on Fridays.


text:
Tool to Generate Completed PDF [More on this tool]
MIT's amendment appears as the default. Other amendment options appear by using the drop down list under "agreement type."
MIT authors who have questions about using any of these addenda should contact Ellen Duranceau, Scholarly Publishing & Licensing Consultant, MIT Libraries, efinnie at mit.edu, x38483.
(See the MIT Amendment Form for more information on using the MIT amendment.)
After generating the PDF of the amendment, please refer to the following instructions:
Step 1: Sign your publisher's copyright transfer or publication agreement when you submit your final manuscript for publication with the following statement written above your signature: "subject to attached amendment"
Step 2: Attach the amendment you generate, with the information filled in and your signature on the bottom.
Step 3: Send both to publisher.
To help assess the success of MIT authors using the amendment, please also follow these additional steps:
Step 4: Email the addendum to amend-cip at mit.edu, or send a copy to the FAX number on the bottom. (This will allow MIT to gather aggregated data about use. Data about individual uses will not be shared.)
Step 5: Please give us any feedback that you receive from the publisher, by emailing amend-cip at mit.edu.
If you would like support when a publisher asks questions or raises objections about the amendment: send email to amend-cip at mit.edu, or contact Ellen Duranceau, Scholarly Publishing and Licensing Consultant, efinnie at mit.edu, x38483.
This tool is offered courtesy of the Scholar's Copyright Addendum Engine, and was created by ScienceCommons as a means of simplifying the process of implementing an addendum to retain scholarly rights when publishing.


text:
This usually means the currently used settings in our app are optimized. In this case, if you still feel bad performance or experience random disconnect issue, here are some items you can check:
- Check the results of local and remote computer settings in the diagnostic tool, if you got Medium or Weak in Wi-Fi signal option, please move your computers to have a stronger Wi-Fi signal or use wired LAN to connect your computer to the router.
- Check the CPU loading of the local and remote computers, if it is high (such as 70% or more used) during a remote session, please use a powerful computer or close other software/app you don't use when establishing a remote session.
- Restart the router your computers connect to.
- Select a lower resolution option (such as 1024*768) or use Low framerate option for a remote session.


Can a Glass of Water Change Your Life?
It is the blueprint of our reality, which can change with a single, positive thought.
Dr. Masaru Emoto
In this this latest episode of the Leading in the Light Podcast we delve into and explore the hidden consciousness of water, and how water can be used to create a transformational shift in our thinking, consciousness, personal resonance and results.
In this episode you'll learn why water is a powerful conduit for thought and consciousness, how water holds and retains energy, and why the latest research into water is proving that our thoughts have the capacity to influence our lives, and why they directly impact our personal and professional performance.
Best of all I'll also be sharing with you a simple 5 minute practice that you can embed into your day that will help you reprogram the consciousness of water and use it to create greater levels of happiness, joy, success and fulfillment in your life.
About Les Price
Les Price is a transformational coach, intuitive healer, professional speaker and published author who has been helping aspiring individuals, business owners and leaders create greater levels of success and fulfillment for over twenty years.
At the tender age of 8 Les discovered that there was a 'hidden magic' and potential within all of us.. Since then he has been on an enduring quest to help even more people find their path and awaken and their own personal, professional and spiritual potential.
Les is based in Melbourne, Australia, and is director of The Greatness Connection, a peak-performance consultancy that assists companies, businesses and aspiring leaders to realise their goals in an enlightened and visionary way.
In this conversation I share:
 - The hidden consciousness of water
 - Why our thoughts create our reality
 - How to harness the energy of water and use it to reprogram your consciousness
 - How our body is bathed in neurotransmitter and how it impacts your wellbeing
 - A simple daily practice to change your life with a glass of water
 - How intention impacts our consciousness and that of water
 - How plants connect energetically with the human realm of consciousness
 - Why the Prana and life-force of our food and vegetables is so important
Introduction 0:01
Thank you for joining us on the leading in the light Podcast the place where vision, heart and spirit connect to help you awaken your purpose, liberate your greatness and stand more fully in your life. Now, here's your host, transformational coach, author, speaker and intuitive Les Price.
Les Price 0:35
Well, welcome back everybody to this episode of the leading in the life podcast. And today, I must admit, I've actually got something a little bit different for you. You see, over the last few weeks, I've been starting to delve into exploring this realm of how do we access our extraordinary consciousness? How do we tap into that true element of who we really are, and the ability to shape our destiny, the results that we experience in our life, and how we can actually use thought energy to manifest our desires.
And today, I want to share a technique that I've actually been using for a number of years, it was a powerful tool and technique that I learned in the early 80s. And it revolves around a simple glass of water. At the start of this new year, I made a commitment to myself to do a detox and a two week cleanse using Ayurveda, the old ancient traditions of healing and restoration with natural food and substances. I knew at the time that one of the things that I was lacking in my life was actually drinking enough water, this water that we need to hydrate ourselves in our body to keep our mind active.
And so over the last month, I've actually been listing down each day, how much water I've been drinking and reminding myself that it's important to get that water intake in. But you know, water in its own self is one of the driving forces of nature. It was even renowned as being so by the legendary Leonardo da Vinci. But sadly, on a physical level, many of us simply just don't get enough water in our diet. It's the one element that when we consume it helps improve our overall metabolism, helps clean out all the toxins and actually rehydrate our skin, and even a 10% increase in hydration to the brain increases our ability to optimize our functioning, our thinking and our intuition.
But what if there was a way that we can harness the energy of water, and you use it to improve the quality of our lives? What if there was literally a way to reprogram my consciousness on a daily basis that would allow us to attract, create and realize the results we really want. And all it required was five minutes a day, and a simple glass of water. So, stay tuned in this episode as I share more, and I encourage you to take up this 21 Day Challenge practice that will literally revolutionize your own life.
Les Price 3:05
It's often been said that our bodies are actually made up of almost 60 to 70% of water. In fact, the brain and the heart have often been recognized as having up to 73% of water, why the lungs have 83%. And the skin is often up to 64% water. Water has the amazing capacity to hold energy.
It's a transmitter and receiver of energy and consciousness. And it literally shifts with our own state and energy of being. But what's important is that over the last 20 years investigation into quantum research and into the quantum field has found that our thoughts literally have power. That the moment we set an intention for a particular goal or a particular direction now live that the energy within us, including the element of water in our body literally changes as our thoughts change our body and mind change with it.
You know, as human beings we have an amazing capacity to create. It's one of the things that literally sets us apart from the animal kingdom, from the cats and the dogs in the trees is that we as human beings can create an intention to make a change or a shift in the direction of our life. And simply by holding that intention, we set a new direction and a new path. How powerful is that? That the moment we begin to conceive of a new purpose, a new direction a greater vision that that prefrontal cortex begins to attract to us the people, places and situations that are part of our destiny.
There's been a great body of research done over the last 20 years into the power of water. Russian scientist and researcher and a popover even created a documentary on the basis of water being the great mystery We're case scientists from around the world who studied the energy of water in the field of water actually revealed that water specifically could carry a footprint or even a memory on a molecular level.
Even medical doctor, an immunologist, Jacques Buenevista, recognized as the father of homeopathy that if any substance is actually diluted in water, the water still has the ability to carry the memory of that substance, even if the molecules of that added substance are no longer present. So, what we're finding is that water is a transducer and a receiver of information actually responds to the consciousness of the people around it. That by focusing our energy and intention on energizing water for a particular purpose can create a result and shift the energy of that water.
So how can we harness this energy? Well, what I'd love to do is just share with you a small story that I think demonstrates just how powerful our own energy and consciousness can be.
Les Price 6:11
Many years ago, I came across a great book, which was back in the 1980s, that really opened my mind to this concept of how our thinking how our thoughts can influence our own lives and destiny. And funnily enough, this book was actually called The Secret Life of plants, written by two authors Peter Tompkins, and Christopher Bird, who basically in the 60s and 70s, began to do work with lie detection equipment, equipment that was only being used at that time by the CIA, as lie detection. And instead, what they decided to do was to hook up these lie detectors to a number of plants.
Interestingly enough, the moment they hooked these detectors to the plants, the plants could almost sense people who entered the room. In fact, one person who had actually destroyed the plant early in the day, as soon as he entered in the room, that lie detector went crazy. It was almost as though another plant could actually pick up the energy of this being and realize that it was a threat.
One of the greatest stories, however, that really blew my mind was the similar research they did with a couple who had actually travelled away for a weekend, this gentleman actually had a greenhouse of plants that his wife simply adored. So what he decided one day was that he would treat his wife by hooking up all of these plants, to a simple piece of equipment that would allow these plants and their energy to sing. It converted the electrical frequency of how the plants were feeling at any one time in that greenhouse into beautiful sounds. one weekend, the couple decided to travel away to another state.
And they had a young friend stay over and look after their house. In the middle of the night, at almost two or three in the morning. All of a sudden, these plants in this greenhouse started to go crazy. Sounds were emanating music was playing as these plants in the greenhouse were picking up on the energy of something else that had been connected. Not fully understanding why this was, the scientists decided to really do a bit more of an investigation. What they found out was that the two owners who had taken that weekend away, were making love at that same


text:
Association for intercultural and interdisciplinary dialogues
The association intends to work in the following fields:
- Activities pointed at supporting and helping the development of mental, physical and social autonomy of disadvantaged people. Their deprivation can be due to physical, mental, familiar, social and/or cultural reasons.
- Informative activities for the whole population or parts of it: they aim at promoting the health, fighting the stigmatization and integrating social groups or single persons who are in disadvantaged situations and risk to be ostracized.
- Training activities addressed to health workers who look after disadvantaged people both in the professional and specialized fields (for example, in the social health, educational and rehabilitation fields).
- Promotion of research activities turned to encourage the development and integration of social, humanistic and scientific knowledge. These activities will be realized in oder to improve the quality of global welfare for disadvantaged subjects overcoming barriers located by partial and specialistic points of view.
If you want to be updated on the association's activities, you can send an email or contact us via Facebook.


How to Meet Language Arts and Social Studies Standards with Your Laser Cutter
What are all the ways that you might power-up engagement and learning with a laser cutter?
Teachers of all grade levels and subjects have discovered that DigiLab laser cutters can take learning up a big notch, hitting a wide variety of standards and deeply engaging students in the work. We've created lists of ideas to spark your thinking about how to add a laser cutter to your language arts or social studies lessons, with links to Common Core State Standards.
To come up with your own curriculum applications, consider the units in which your students are least engaged or those that you find most boring to teach. Then, take the story above and the following ideas as inspiration. How might a laser cutter help you to add a new dimension to your own lessons?
Language Arts Laser Cutter Project Ideas
 1. Book summaries: Design an artifact that one of the characters had in daily life and cut it out on the laser.
 2. Book diorama: Create diorama made completely out of laser cut pieces.
 3. Book quotes: Have students choose their favorite quotes from their individual or class book; engrave them onto wood and acrylic to hang in the hallway or classroom. Go a step further and have students write an essay based on one of their classmates' selected quotations.
 4. Elevate writing: Turn student poetry or short stories into authentic products by laser engraving them on a special material to display.
 5. Root words: Have students make games using laser cut pieces to help them learn Latin and Greek roots.
 6. Self-reflection: On the first day of school, have students design and laser cut something that represents them. Display these symbols on the bulletin board or on each student's desk to help you and their classmates get to know them. At end of year, lead a reflective activity to see what has changed.
 7. Language arts manipulatives: How can you bring your lessons alive by creating objects or aids to go with them? Before it might have been time-consuming or expensive, but even introducing a new material into the classroom gets kids excited about learning. ANYTHING you have as a document can be engraved on laser cutter. You can make bingo game, flashcards, and turn anything into a puzzle (site words, root words, parts of speech).
Social Studies Laser Cutter Project Ideas
 1. Create a culture project: Have students design and laser cut a logo or flag for their invented cultures; create multi-dimensional topographical maps; laser engrave their hand-drawn maps on wood or cardboard.
 2. Solve problems in history: Prototype solutions to questions like, How might the Egyptians have carried their water from here to there? What tools might the Native Americans have used to build their dwellings? What games might the children have invented with the limited materials they had in any given setting?
 3. Create period tools: Make prototypes of ancient tools that the culture would have used in daily life. Make games and tools for colonial different trades.
 4. Imagine alternate histories: Consider questions like, What if the American Colonists had had access one simple, modern-day tool? Design and prototype it on the laser cutter, and explore how life would have been different or how history would have changed with this one item.
 5. Build ancient structures: Instead of toothpicks and popsicle sticks, have students design, cut, and assemble bridges and pyramids using the laser cutter.
 6. Living timeline: Have students create laser-cut symbols or artifacts to correspond with essential landmarks or inventions in history.
 7. Historical excavation: Turn pictures of artifacts from the historical time period you're studying into laser-cut items. Hide them archeological-dig style outside, or just around the classroom. As a pre-unit introduction, have students figure out why they are important to this culture.
 8. History quotes: Have students choose key quotes from history and laser engrave them on leather.
Note: Although Common Core State Standards for specific grade levels are linked throughout this article, the activities can be applied to many grade levels.
Want your own classroom laser cutter? Let the DigiLab team help!


Categories Uncategorized
II. 2 Indian population; factors influencing its structure and growth.
Factors for high population growth in India
 1. Excess of Birth rate over death rate – Death rate has been declining in India at a greater rate as compared to reduction in Birth rate resulting in a net addition of population. The decrease in death rate can be attributed to
 2. advancement in medical science thereby reducing deaths due to diseases like malaria, dengue, TB, Cholera, plague, small pox, etc
 3. Improved communication network resulting in greater access to populations to medical facilities,
 4. reduction / elimination of famines due to better management of food supplies eg: buffer stocks, advancements in agriculture, green revolution, etc
Other factors are
 1. Child marriage and Early marriage especially of females
 2. Lack of conscious family planning
 3. Age compositionhigh population of sexually active age group
 4. Low literacy rate especially among females. (Female 64.6% ; Male 80.9% ; overall 73% as per Census 2011)
 5. Prevalence of largely peaceful conditions with no major events such as war, conflicts and disasters claiming large number of lives.
 6. Religious beliefs and practicesChildren as Gifts of God,
 7. Political factors
 8. Social factorspoverty, preference of male child, joint family social system
 9. Economic factorsincome security with more working hands
Indian population has been growing at decadal rate ranging from about 13% to 25 % since independence with the maximum being 24.8% during 1961-71. Subsequently the population of India has been on a growing at a reducing growth rate increase with the latest (census 2011) decadal growth rate being 17.69%.
It is notable to state that it is for the 1st time since 1921 that the population of India has shown a declining trend in terms absolute numbers added in census 2011.
Demographic Transition Theory
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The caves of South Dakota are located in the Black Hills a hilly landscape around Mt. Rushmore. The name of this area comes from the dark forest of conifers. The most famous tourist attraction, Mt. Rushmore Monument, shows the geological structure of this area: the central granite core.
The Pahasapa limestone was created during the Mississippian period, approximately 360 to 330 million years ago. A first karst system developed in this undisturbed layers which was later buried by younger sediments. Into this layers the central Black Hills granite intruded from below, 60 to 40 million years ago. The granite intrusion, lava coming from the upper mantle broke through Pahasapa limestone, but didin't reach the surface.
Inside the rocks it took very long to cool down. During this time the ground water in the limestone was continually heated by the intrusion and was so able to dissolve and transport several minerals from the granite into other rocks. This minerals were transported into cracks forming ore veins.
In the limestone the dissolving process renewed and a second stage of cave building occured. It was during this era that the caves, as we now know them, developed. But this time, the karst processes only took place in a rather small ring around the intrusion. Outside, the limestone is still deeper and filled with groundwater, and the central area consists of granite, which is not soluble.
So all the caves of South Dakota are located in this ring of limestone, and all their passages run along lines that radiate outward from the approximate center of the Black Hills near Harney Peak.
|Main Index | U.S.A. | Map | by State|


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Robots join the battle to defeat Coronavirus
Minimizing human contact and the threat of Coronavirus transmission, robots are being deployed in many parts of the world for jobs such as sanitizing hospitals and delivering food and medicines. For instance, field hospital staffed with 14 robots (supplied by Beijing-based robotics company CloudMinds) opened in the Hongshan Sports Center in Wuhan, China, where the pandemic began. This is in tandem with the World Health Organisation's advise to maintain a distance to prevent the spread of this infectious disease.
Experiments are already underway in India too to increase their role in combating COVID-19, that has infected more than 7,00,000 people globally and claimed more than 30,000 lives so far. Jaipur's Sawai Man Singh Government Hospital is conducting a series of trials on a humanoid robot to check if it can be pressed into service for delivering medicines, and food to the COVID-19 patients admitted there. Similarly, Kerala-based startup Asimov Robotics has developed a three-wheeled robot that it says can be used to assist patients in isolation wards.


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- The atlas (C1) is the most superior cervical vertebra of the spine.
- The atlas articulates with:
- the occiput superiorly, forming the atlanto-occipital joint.
- the axis (C2) inferiorly, forming the atlanto-axial joint.
- The atlas is ring-shaped. It has no body. What would have been the body fused instead to the axis (C2), forming the odontoid process (dens) of the axis.
- The atlas is so-named because it supports the head, as the Greek mythological figure Atlas supported the world.
- Forward-head posture is a common postural distortion pattern in which the atlas is protracted anteriorly. Forward-head posture is parter of the larger postural distortion pattern known as upper-crossed syndrome.


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I do not understand the following statements which describe the First Derivative Test for Local Extrema.
1. If f' changes sign from positive to negative at c *f' > 0 for x, c and f' < 0 for x. c), then f has a local maximum value.\
The whole derivative or the y f' value from the derivative after plugging in c? Or the derivative equation (started as derived as [I am aware that is impossible, just bear with me for example sake]
2.If f' changes sign from negative to positive at c (f' < 0 for x < c and f' > 0 for x > c,) then f has a local maximum at c.
3. If f' does not change sign at c (f' has the same sing of both sides of c), then f has no local extreme value at c.
At a left endpoint a:
If f' < 0 (f' > 0) for x > a, then f has a local maximum (minimum) value at a.
At a right endpoint a:
If f' < 0 (f'> 0) for x < b, then f has a local minimum (maximum) value a b.


President Joe Biden is seeking to ease a national affordable housing shortage by pushing local governments to allow apartment buildings in neighborhoods that are currently restricted to single-family homes.
 The $5 billion plan could inject the White House into a debate pitting older homeowners against younger workers seeking to gain a foothold in the most expensive U.S. cities, where many families spend a third or more of their income on housing.
 The proposal, which would provide financial incentives to local governments that change zoning laws restricting many neighborhoods to single-family homes, is an example of the sort of broad social policy changes Democrats are including in Biden's $2 trillion infrastructure bill.
 Critics of the zoning laws say they drive up housing costs, contribute to urban and suburban sprawl and perpetuate racial segregation.
 "It's an enormous step forward," said Richard Kahlenberg, a housing expert at the Century Foundation, a left-leaning think tank. "Very few politicians have taken the next step to propose something really meaningful to change the system."
Related: Why racial housing disparity is worse amid COVID 0:00 2:54 Why racial housing disparity is worse amid COVIDScroll back up to restore default view.
 The infrastructure bill would need to pass the narrowly Democratic-controlled Congress, where Republicans are already attacking it as not focused on roads and bridges.
 Zoning laws were rare in the United States until the Supreme Court in 1917 struck down laws that prevented Black people from buying property in white neighborhoods, prompting local governments to adopt rules that set minimum lot sizes and barred apartment buildings from many neighborhoods.
 Under pressure from politically active homeowners, urban areas with the tightest restrictions in place – coastal cities including New York and San Francisco – have increased them further since 2006, according to a University of Pennsylvania survey.
 Younger Americans, civil rights groups and employers have pushed some cities in the opposite direction. In recent years, Minneapolis has allowed small apartments to be built in residential areas across the city, and Oregon made a similar change for all urban areas.
 California last year allowed smaller living spaces to be built next to single-family homes. But its Democratic-controlled legislature rejected a bill that would have required cities to allow developers to build high-density apartment buildings near transit lines and job centers, even if they are located in single-family neighborhoods.
 With the U.S. economy near full employment in 2019, roughly one in three U.S. households still spent more than 30% of income on housing, near record highs, according to Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies.
 The Biden proposal would set up a $5 billion fund for local governments to compete for grants to pay for new schools, roads or bridges if they agreed to loosen zoning rules.
 "This is a new approach that is purely carrot, no stick," said a White House official on condition of anonymity.
 A similar effort by Democratic former President Barack Obama failed to gain traction. Republican former President Donald Trump's housing secretary, Ben Carson, voiced support for easing zoning rules but did not take action.
 Trump himself explicitly campaigned against the idea last year, warning "suburban housewives" that crime would spike and home values drop if zoning rules were relaxed.
 Housing experts praised Biden's proposal, but said it may do little to influence affluent communities that have the tightest zoning laws, which have little need for federal assistance.
 "This isn't going to change the world, but it could do some amount of good," said Jenny Schuetz, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution think tank.
 Biden may get more results if he conditions the hundreds of billions of dollars of transportation and housing spending in his proposal to zoning changes, but that could spur a backlash that could make it harder to pass into law, she said.
 The sheer scale of Biden's proposed spending – $2 trillion in infrastructure following $1.9 trillion in coronavirus aid – may also dilute the impact of the $5 billion fund.
 "We'll have to see how this plays out in a world in which there will be a lot of money sloshing around," said Michael Stegman at the Urban Institute, who is a former senior housing adviser to Obama.
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Several years ago, Microsoft introduced ClearType. I've generally been a big fan of ClearType since it's introduction. However, if you are visually impaired, have high color sensitivity, are not using an LCD monitor, or just don't like the 'feel' of ClearType, you've likely turned this feature off in Windows.
So, there you are, minding your own business, and you decide to create a WPF application using Visual Studio 2008. You create a new WPF application, and start to edit your Xaml-based window. But, what's this? Why is the editor so blurry? And how come the properties window is fuzzy?
It turns out, the WPF editor in Visual Studio 2008 is, in fact, built using WPF. That makes very good sense if you think about it, but it also highlights an issue with WPF -- even if you turn ClearType off, WPF applications always render with ClearType.
I'm not here to argue if that was a good or bad decision -- plenty of you have thrashed around that topic in other blogs, forums, etc. But, if you are finding it hard to use the WPF editor, here are some details which may help.
Although WPF ignores the system-wide ClearType on/off setting, WPF does expose, via the registry, some additional ClearType settings which you can adjust. Perhaps these will be enough to at least make the editor tolerable.
You can read about these settings here: ClearType Registry Settings.
First off, these registry keys may not exist on your system, so you'll need to create them. They didn't exist on mine. Second, I found the screen-shots misleading; they show keys named 'MyDisplay1' for the settings for your 1st display, but I found that 'Display1' was the key name that worked for me.
So, to save you some reading, create the following key:
In that key, create two DWORD values:
ClearTypeLevel, with a value of 0
TextContrastLevel, with a value of 1.
The ClearTypeLevel setting can vary from 0 to 100, and indicates how much color ClearType is Screenshot showing adjusted WPF ClearTypepermitted to use. At a level of 0, ClearType will render in grayscale -- not perfect, but, hopefully, better than what you are seeing if ClearType's use of color is your primary distraction.
The TextContrastLevel can vary from 0 to 6, and indicates, well, the contrast level. When set to 6, the text renders very dark and looks more like an inkjet printout when too much ink is put on the paper.
There are other settings you can play with -- for example, Gamma -- but I found the two settings above gave the biggest bang-for-the-buck.
Note that any changes to these registry settings do not take effect within the WPF editor until you restart Visual Studio.


Saturday, January 14, 2017
Rangalur bhaja puli..
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
Today I wish you all a happy Makar Sankranti. A harvesting festival, Makar Sankranti is also the oldest solstice festival, when Sun enters the zodiac sign Capricorn or Makar. So the name of this festival actually means the movement of Sun to Capricorn. During this time sun starts to move towards Northern hemisphere, making the days longer and warmer, marking end of winter and beginning of spring. From mid-December all the holy or auspicious activities are prohibited among Hindus. Makar Sankranti also marks the beginning of auspicious activities. This particular festival is celebrated on a fixed date, 14th of January, and celebrated all around India majorly as a harvesting festival. Different parts of India celebrate this auspicious day under different names, Uttarayan, Lohri, Pongal, Poush Parbon etc.
In Bengal, Makar Sankranti also known as Poush Sankranti and is celebrated as Poush Parbon. Today is the last day of Bengali month Poush, people worship the goddess of wealth Lakshmi and mother Earth on this day. People in villages decorate their house with alpana, a special ritualistic design. A huge number of Hindu pilgrims gather at Gangasagar, where river Ganga meets Bay of Bengal. People believe if they have a dip in the river Ganga on this day, all their sins will be washed away.
People from Bengal are known for their fondness for sweetmeats and would need just an occasion to make some. This Poush Parbon is no exception. Rather, this is also widely known as Pithe Parbon as several kind of traditional Pithe are made during this time. The main ingredient of Pithe is usually rice flour which of course coincides with new harvest. Pithe can be sweet or savory, steamed or fried. What makes the Bengali Pithe so unique is the use of date palm jaggery. Date palm jaggery is a special type of jaggery only available during winter. Almost every household of Bengal celebrate this auspicious occasion by preparing various kind of Pithe or pitha dishes with rice flour, lentils, milk, date palm jaggery, coconut etc.
This year I have made a deep fried pithe called Rangalur Bhaja Puli. The Puli is a stuffed dumpling with a unique shape with tapered ends. Rangalur Bhaja Puli or Sweet potato dumplings are stuffed with coconut jaggery filling, then deep fried and dipped in liquid jaggery. It sounds tricky but tastes heavenly.
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
freshly scraped coconut
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
Things needed to make Rangalur bhaja puli:
For the outer covering:
 - Sweet potato (boiled and mashed): 2 cups
 - Milk powder: 1 cup
 - Flour: 1/4 cup
For filling:
 - Freshly grated coconut: 1 cup
 - Date palm jaggery or sugar: 1/4 cup
 - Mawa (solidified milk): 1/4 cup
 - Date palm jaggery: 2 cup
 - Water: 1 cup
(sugar can be used to make the syrup, in that case use equal quantity of sugar and water)
Steps of making Rangalur bhaja puli:
1. Peel and wash the sweet potato. Boil the potato till fork tender. Drain the sweet potatoes and let them cool down.
2. In a heavy bottom pan, take the ingredients under the filling, mix them well and cook over low heat till the mixture release the sides of the pan. Keep aside and let the filling cool down.
3. In a bowl or plate take the boiled sweet potato, milk powder, flour and mix well till no lumps is felt.
4. Grease hand with ghee and make round shaped dough balls with the sweet potato mixture.
5. Make a dip at the center of the dough ball and put a spoonful of filling, gently close the dough and shape it into a puli, an elongated tapered end shape.
6. Heat oil in a deep pan, when hot fry the sweet potato dumplings, 3-4 at a time till brown in color.
7. While the dumplings are getting fried, in a sauce pan take jaggery and water to make the syrup. Sugar can be also used to make the syrup.
8. Dip the fried dumplings into the hot syrup. Dip them for 1-2 hrs, take out and store in an air tight container. While serving drizzle jaggery syrup over the dumplings.
rangalur puli pithe, poush parbon
This post is going to the Sankranti event conducted by Kolkata Food bloggers.
1 comment:


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If you've ever done CrossFit or functional fitness workouts, you're familiar with wall balls. Even though many athletes dread seeing them come up in a workout, they're a great exercise for multiple reasons.
The 7 benefits of wall balls are:
- They're a total body movement
- They can improve your athletic performance
- They're a functional movement
- They're easily scalable
- They can improve your hand-eye coordination
- They improve your core stability
- They help you become more explosive and powerful
In this article, I'll discuss the benefits of walls balls so you can understand why they're such a fantastic movement.
However, I also know that wall balls are difficult to perform for many people. So, I'll also discuss why that is and how you can overcome those challenges.
7 Benefits of Wall Balls
I may be in the minority, but I love wall balls. I'm also aware that some of you may need convincing on why you should be doing them, so below I've listed 7 of the top benefits of wall balls.
1. They're a Total Body Movement
While you'll feel wall balls primarily in your quads and shoulders, they also work the glutes, core, pecs, hamstrings, and triceps. There aren't many other exercises that work both the upper and lower body at the same time.
Many of the same muscles used in the squatting portion of a wall ball are also used in the back squat. Learn more about all of the muscles used in the squat in our ultimate guide.
2. They Can Improve Your Athletic Performance
In addition to being a total body movement, wall balls are also dynamic because you're moving pretty much the entire time.
As such, doing large unbroken sets of wall balls can improve your conditioning, muscular endurance, and overall work capacity.
3. They're a Functional Movement
It's not often you'll find yourself throwing things above your shoulders unless you play a sport like baseball or basketball. But there are many times when you have to put heavy things away on a high shelf or pick something up from the floor in a squatting position. As such, wall balls have a lot of carryover to your everyday life.
Wall balls are an exercise that can be included in any general physical preparedness (GPP) routine. Learn more about the benefits of GPP training in GPP Workout For Powerlifters: What Is It? How To, Benefits.
4. They're Easily Scalable
You can easily scale wall balls to match your current fitness abilities. The wall ball standards prescribed in most CrossFit workouts is a 14lb ball thrown to a 9' target for females and a 20lb ball thrown to a 10' target for males. If either or both of those is too much for you, you can use a lighter wall ball and/or aim for a shorter target.
5. They Can Improve Your Hand-Eye Coordination
Wall balls require a certain degree of precision so you can ensure you're hitting your target with each rep. You also have to pay attention to the trajectory of the wall ball as you're getting ready to catch it, as it can sometimes bounce off the wall at an odd angle or come down faster than you're expecting it to.
For these reasons, wall balls are a great exercise for testing your hand-eye coordination and testing how quickly you can react to changes when you're fatigued.
6. They Improve Your Core Stability
When you're holding a wall ball in front of you, your core has to work hard to help you stay upright so your chest and shoulders don't collapse. This core stability can also carry over to back squats, deadlifts, and other exercises that frequently show up in CrossFit workouts such as thrusters.
Looking for more exercises to improve your core strength? Check out my 9 best ab exercises for powerlifters.
7. They Help You Become More Explosive and Powerful
Even though your shoulders, pecs, and triceps are the main muscles used when throwing a wall ball up in the air, you need to drive power from your legs and hips to quickly explode up from the bottom of a squat and throw the ball as hard as you can.
The power and explosiveness that you can develop from wall balls can help improve your performance in the snatch and clean and jerk. It can also aid in sprinting, jumping, and other exercises that require a strong lower body.
Love wall balls but don't have the space to do them? Check out my favorite wall ball alternatives.
5 Reasons Why Wall Balls Are So Hard & How to Fix
Even though you can now see why wall balls are such a great exercise, you may still want to avoid doing them because they're difficult for you to perform. Let's review 5 reasons why wall balls are so hard and ways you can make them a bit easier.
1. They Require a Strong Cardiovascular System
Wall balls have the ability to make your heart rate skyrocket due to the compound nature of the movement and how explosive you have to be to hit your target.
Furthermore, it's rare to see low reps of wall balls programmed in a workout, and having to do them in large sets can challenge your cardiovascular system.
How To Fix
There are a couple of ways to improve your endurance when it comes to wall balls. The first is to concentrate on your breathing. Exhale as you throw the ball and inhale as you catch it and squat back down. You can also exhale as you throw the ball, inhale while it's in the air, exhale again as the ball comes back down, and inhale as you descend into the squat.
Following a breathing pattern like this will allow you to keep your heart rate under control so you can perform larger sets or transition to the next movement in your workout without redlining.
Another way to improve your conditioning for wall balls is to practice doing them in larger sets with short rest periods in between each set. For example, you could try 4 sets of 30 unbroken reps with 30 seconds of rest in between. This will help you improve your overall work capacity and the muscular endurance in your shoulders and legs.
2. Your Height Can Put You at a Disadvantage
Wall balls are one of the few CrossFit exercises that favor taller athletes. The usual standard is for males to throw to a 10' target and females to throw to a 9' foot target. As you can imagine, it's easier for someone who's 6' tall to hit those targets than someone who's only 5'2".
Taller people also tend to weigh more, and since mass moves mass, it's easier for them to throw a weighted object. They also have the ability to put more force behind each of their throws, so they can get the ball to hit the target quicker than a shorter, lighter person.
At the same time, squats are often more difficult for taller individuals with long legs, so there is a bit of a tradeoff. But a short person still has to increase their total energy output by a greater amount to hit the wall ball target, which puts shorter athletes at a disadvantage during wall balls.
How To Fix
Obviously, you can't make yourself taller or shorter. But you can wear lifting shoes any time you do wall balls, which can benefit you whether you're short or tall. If you're short, they'll add 0.5"-1" of height to your frame. If you're tall, they'll make it easier for you to achieve proper squat depth in the squatting portion of a wall ball.
However, what shoes you wear to do wall balls will also depend on what other exercises show up in your workout. Wearing lifting shoes for running, for example, is a bad idea. You may want to consider shoes that you can wear for both lifting and running instead.
Also, shorter athletes should avoid jumping when throwing the ball. This will just make your legs more tired, which can eventually lead to you slowing down your squat and making the movement more inefficient.
In the market for a pair of lifting shoes but don't want to spend a lot of money? Check out my recommendations for the best squat shoes under $100.
3. They Cause a Lot of Shoulder Fatigue
While wall balls are a full-body movement, they can be especially taxing on the shoulders and upper body. You'll often feel a burn in your shoulders, traps, and upper back after performing a few sets.
You may also notice that your shoulders fatigue faster than your quads. When you think about it, the squatting portion of a wall ball is similar to a front squat, and the majority of athletes can front squat way more than 14-20lbs. Most people can also overhead press a lot more than that, but you don't have to forcefully throw the weight overhead to a 9' or 10' target.
As such, the shoulders tend to wear out faster in wall balls. This issue is exacerbated if you keep your hands overhead after you throw the ball, which adds an unnecessary isometric component to the movement.
How To Fix
Instead of holding your arms overhead after you throw the ball, drop them to your sides to remove the tension on them while you wait for the ball to come back down. Even though this takes no more than a second to do, it can help reduce the accumulation of shoulder fatigue and allow you to do wall balls in larger unbroken sets.
It's also important to keep your speed on the squatting portion consistent throughout each of your reps. This is hard to do as you get tired, but continuing to move quickly through the squat will allow you to drive power from your hips and legs to throw the ball overhead. As a result, you won't have to rely on your arms and shoulders as


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How to make playdough
by: Jorja Wolfe
Playdough is fun to make with friends. There are a lot of different kinds of play dough, you can buy it or make it yourself. It can be much more reasonable in your price and more fun to make on your own. If you decide to make it at home you will need materials, decide a color, directions, and important information about playdough.
There are certain materials that you will need in order to make playdough. Most people will have these materials around their house. However, if you don't you can easily find them at your local store. You will need 1 cup of water, 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil, food coloring, sauce pan,and 1 cup of flavor.Lastly you will need ½ cup of salt and 1 tablespoon of cream and tartar sauce.
combine water,oil,salt,cream and tartar sauce,and food coloring in the saucepan and heat until it is warm.
2.Remove from heat and add flower.
3.Stir then knead till smooth.The cream and tartar sauce makes the dough last 6 months or longer.So reset the temptation to omit this ingredient if you don't have it on hand.
4.Store this dough in an airtight container or a ziploc freezer bag.
These will be the directions to making the play dough.
If you are making play dough you might want to have a color because if you don't you will have boring play dough.You can color it by using kool aid and you can also use food coloring.
important information about playdough
play dough is not good for children under three years old.If you are allergic to any of these ingredients Id recommend not playing with it or making it. vegetable oil,salt,cream and tartar,and also food coloring.The cream and tartar sauce make the play dough last longer.Keep away from dogs and other pets.play dough smells like people food but contains lots of salt,and a hungry dog can eat enough to cause a dangers salt imbalance.
Now you have learned everything you need to know about how to make play dough.You have learned the materials,directions,The color and lastly important information about playdough.Now all you need to do is have fun with your play dough.


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Fit4Mom Moorestown is proud to partner with these preferred providers.
Paws Discovery Farm
Established in 1979 during the renovation of the Darnell Family Farmstead, Paws Discovery Farm provides a unique learning experience for adults and children. Visitors can explore our nine acres of nature trails, enjoy award winning gardens, and learn about live animals. Paws Discovery Farm features indoor and outdoor adventure opportunities. Visitors can hike the nature trail, visit the barnyard animals, explore the play structures and test imaginations in our hands-on, minds-on Discovery Barn. There are spacious picnic areas, play structures, indoor exhibits, and even an enchanting butterfly garden! The farm is home to over 200 animals such as pigs, tortoises, hedgehogs, and other small woodland and farm animals that can be seen up close. Paws Discovery Farm also provides a loving home to many animal exhibits, outdoor play areas and a petting zoo. Families are encouraged to interact with live animal encounters with our very own Discovery Farm Educators. Regular visiting hours are 10am-4pm. Summer is extended hours in July and August 10am-6pm
Float SNJ
Float SNJ in Marlton has created the worlds largest floating / sensory deprivation pools. The practice of floating / sensory deprivation has been clinically shown to reduce pain due to muscle tension, swelling, inflammation, and some injury. By using 2,000 pounds of Epsom Salts dissolved in 300 gallons of body temperature water, our floating pools allow you to lay suspended, completely weightless, as if you were floating in space, but warm and snuggly. The weightlessness relieves the pressure from your joints and the Epsom salts reduce swelling and inflammation creating a whole spectrum of positive outcomes from reduction or relief of pain to a decrease in the symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression.
Wiley Christian Preschool
Wiley Christian Preschool is a ministry of Wiley Church. The mission of the preschool is to provide children with a safe, loving and stimulating Christian environment within a preschool and extended care program. Programming is for children between the ages of 2 1/2 and 5 years who are fully potty trained. We include education in the following areas:
Alphabet - Phonics - NumbersShapes - Basic Writing - BibleColors - Music...and so much more!


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Right now, you can't miss the wildflowers, particularly the Texas bluebonnets blanketing the sides of the road. The blooms are a seasonal reminder of our state's natural beauty. But the fact is Texas' natural beauty is always in season.
Caddo Lake is our state's only natural lake, home to 216 bird, 47 mammal, and 90 reptile and amphibian species. In recent years, the lake has been under siege by an invasive, non-native plant, the giant salvinia. I worked closely with the Caddo Lake Institute, founded by Don Henley, who was raised nearby, and the Texas Water Research Initiative, to obtain funding to help eradicate the giant salvinia. The lake and its diverse native plants and animals are now recovering, and future generations will be able to enjoy its pristine beauty.
Caddo was first seen by Native Americans in the 18th century, but substantial development would only begin with invention of the steamboat and US annexation of both Louisiana and Texas in the 19th century. The cities of Port Caddo, Swanson's Landing, and Jefferson in Texas, and Mooringsport in Louisiana, had thriving riverboat ports on the lake. Gradually as the log jams were removed in the lake and the Red River by Captain Henry Miller Shreve and then by the Army Corps of Engineers, the lake changed shape and eventually fell over ten feet, destroying the East Texas ports and their riverboat industry.
Industry once again came to Caddo Lake with the discovery of oil beneath it. The world's first over water oil platform was completed in Caddo Lake in 1911. The Ferry Lake No. 1 was erected by Gulf Refining Company. The well bottomed at 2,185 feet (666 m) and produced 450 barrels per day (72 m3/d).
Oil derricks sprang up throughout the lake, around the turn of the 20th century, further damaging the fragile ecosystem. The oil industry left Caddo for richer fields at Kilgore and other locations in Texas. Texas tried to preserve parts of Caddo in 1934 by establishing a State Park, constructed by the WPA. The establishment of the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant on the shores of Caddo, in the mid 20th century, polluted large portions of the surrounding wetlands until its closure in the 1990s.
An ecologist named Lionel Janes conducted a survey of Caddo Lake (called Ferry Lake at the time) in 1913 and 1914. Based on an examination of cross sections of baldcypress and hardwood trees and many dead stumps he estimated that the lake came into existence sometime between 1770 and 1780.
Interpretive Guide to Caddo Lake State Park, (PDF 1.4 MB)
Watch YouTube video of the Park
Activities: Activities enjoyed include camping, hiking, picnicking, nature study, fishing, and boating. There are canoe rentals in the park daily (year round). There are pontoon boat tours leaving from inside the park Saturday and Sunday (March â€" November). Pontoon boat tours can be scheduled for other days by calling _PHONE_. Jon boat with motor rentals can be found outside the park about 6 miles away.
History: This lake was the only natural lake in Texas until it was artificially dammed in the early 1900's when oil was found and for flood control in 1914. A new dam replaced the old one in 1971. Caddo Indian legend attributes the formation of the lake to a giant flood. Scientists believe the lake formed when floodwaters, blocked by massive log jams on the Red River, backed up into the Cypress Bayou watershed, forming the lake.
The park's original improvements were made by Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). Begun by Company 889 in June to November of 1933 and completed by Company 857 between October 1934 and March 1937. The U.S. Army had 15 barracks and an Army mess hall that were converted into the 9 log cabins and group recreation hall that we use today. There is also a CCC pavilion and remnants of original picnic sites and a latrine along the trails.
Natural Features: Caddo Lake State Park gets its name from Caddo Lake, a sprawling maze of bayous and sloughs covering, 26,810 acres of cypress swamp. The average depth of the lake is 8'-10' with the deep water in the bayou averaging about 20.' An angler's delight, the lake contains 71 species of fish. It is especially good for crappie and large-mouth and white bass. Naturalists can enjoy stately cypress trees, American lotus, and lily pads, waterfowl, alligators, turtles, frogs, snakes, raccoons, minks, nutrias, beavers, squirrels, armadillos, and white-tailed deer."
On This Day:
Great Exhibition opens, May 1, 1851:
"On May 1, 1851, the Great Exhibition opens to wide acclaim in the Crystal Palace in London. Inside the Crystal Palace, a giant glass-and-iron hall designed by Sir Joseph Paxton, more than 10,000 exhibitors set up eight miles of tables. Technological wonders from around the world were on display, but the exposition was clearly dominated by Britain, the premier industrialized nation and workshop of the world. Conceived by Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, the Great Exposition was a rousing success, hosting 6 million visitors before it closed in October. The many goods displayed ranged from kitchen appliances to false teeth, silks to farm machinery."
As you can tell by the layout of this post, I still haven't been able to fix the Error 401 between Live Writer and this blog. It is so frustrasting drafting in Blogger. The pictures wind up in the strangest places, and you have to fight them to get them to stay put. Live Writer is so much easier, as it drafts just like it is going to look when published, instead of this little window that isn't even in the same font as when it is published.
Misty and I went to get Jay, as he was chomping at the bit to go get his ATV from the repair shop. But first I had to finish packing an RV water heater door that I had sold, so it could be taken to the Post Office on the way. Then we opened up the cargo trailer, and took some more pictures of the inside to add to the For Sale ad for it The drapes aren't done yet, but at least we can get people interested in it. We were dragging our feet about leaving, as I was expecting a phone call from an RV-Dream chat friend, to meet them too.
The call never came, so their chat friends are worried about them, as they haven't been in the chat for two days.


text:
- Navigate to a required file share, right-click it and select "Properties".
- Go to the "Security" tab → "Advanced" button → "Auditing" tab → Click the "Add" button and define auditing settings:
- Principal equals "Everyone"
- Type equals "All"
- Applies to: "This folder, subfolders and files".
- Select the following "Advanced Permissions":
- "Traverse folder / execute file"
- "List folder / read data"
- "Create files /write data"
- "Create folders / append data"
- "Write attributes".
- Run gpedit.msc and go to the "Edit" menu.
- Create a new policy → Edit → Computer Configuration → Policies → Windows Settings → Security Settings → Local Policies → Audit Policy:
- Audit object access → Define → Success and Failures.
- Go to "Advanced Audit Policy Configuration" → Audit Policies → Object Access:
- Audit File System → Define → Success and Failures
- Audit Handle Manipulation → Define → Success and Failures.
- Go to Event Log → Define:
- Maximum security log size to 4gb
- Retention method for security log to "Overwrite events as needed".
- Link the new GPO to the OU with File Servers → Go to "Group Policy Management" → Right-click the defined OU → Choose "Link an Existing GPO" → Select the GPO that you've created.
- Run gpupdate/force
- Open Event Viewer and search Security Log for event ID 4656 with "Audit Failed" keyword, "File Server" or "Removable Storage" task category and with "Accesses: READ_CONTROL" and Access Reasons: "WriteData (or AddFile) Not granted" strings. "Subject: Security ID" will show you who has tried to change a file.
- Run Netwrix Auditor and select the "Search" tile.
- Go to the "Advanced" menu and adjust the filter:
- "Action" equals "Modify (Failed Attempt)".
- Click "Modify" and then click "Search" to view the report.
Keep an Eye on Who Tried to Modify Sensitive Files to Harden Your Data Security
Unauthorized modification of files can lead to business disruption or even the leakage or loss of sensitive data, such as personally identifiable information or medical records. Therefore, it's essential to detect and investigate unauthorized attempts to modify files in a timely manner. By regularly reviewing failed file change attempts, IT pros can detect possible attacks and enhance data security by recognizing and revoking excessive permissions to modify sensitive data on their organization's file servers.
Netwrix Auditor for Windows File Servers delivers complete visibility into what's happening on your Windows file servers, including who tried to modify sensitive files or folders. Using the Interactive Search feature and predefined reports, IT pros can get detailed information about who tried to modify a file, when and where each modification attempt happened, and whether the attempt was successful. This information is critical for security investigations and compliance audits that require IT admins to prove that sensitive data is secure.


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Instead of tossing away your old, unwanted belts, give them a new lease of life by recycling them into a bracelet, or more. These make excellent, stylish bracelets and they're perfect for giving away as gifts.
 1. 1
 Use an old belt. Wrap the belt around your wrist and measure it. Mark a line where you will cut it - it should be the size of your wrist plus some additional room. If making for a gift, guess as accurately as you can, or measure your friend's wrist.
 2. 2
 Cut the bracelet. Always cut more space rather than less, as you can always whittle it down if needed. Make sure you leave the buckle on.
 3. 3
 Poke a hole near the end of the belt at the opposite end of the buckle.
 4. 4
 Decorate with duct tape and/or pictures. Other decorative elements might include marker drawings, stamp prints, costume gems, etc. Printed out clip-art pictures of animals are a favorite. Try burning or laser-engraving into the belt to make cool effects.
 5. 5
 Use up the remaining parts of the belt. Although the rest of the belt lacks the buckle, you can make more bracelets and thread yarn or other strong threads through small holes to draw together the bracelet.
 - you could extend it into a choker!
Things You'll Need
 - Old belt
 - Duct tape, pictures, printed-out cartoons or any decorative items, etc.
 - Knife
 - Leather hole punch if making extra bracelets, and yarn for threading
Article Info
Categories: Bracelet Projects
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Authoritative Data Source
Authoritative data source (also referred to as System of Record) is an interesting concept I learned about a while ago and began using immediately. It's the idea that any piece if data (a person's name, email address, phone number, etc.) ideally should be stored in only one place, and if it needs to be duplicated, typically for improved performance, one of the locations should be considered the correct, or authoritative, one.
If stored in more than one location, any workflow which changes that information should update it in the authoritative location and then update it in any secondary locations. Alternatively the workflow could update the authoritative data and then a batch process could update any secondary locations.
As the graphic suggests, this concept helps address item 3, accuracy, of data.


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 - © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Reprinted from Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 2: 45-64.
 Fully Embodied Conversational Avatars: Making Communicative Behaviors Autonomous
 J. CASSELL AND H. VILHJÁLMSSON {justine,hannes}_USER_.mit.edu
 MIT Media Laboratory, 20 Ames Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
 Abstract: Although avatars may resemble communicative interface agents, they have for the most part not profited from recent research into autonomous embodied conversational systems. In particular, even though avatars function within conversational environments (for example, chat or games), and even though they often resemble humans (with a head, hands, and a body) they are incapable of representing the kinds of knowledge that humans have about how to use the body during communication. Humans, however, do make extensive use of the visual channel for interaction management where many subtle and even involuntary cues are read from stance, gaze and gesture. We argue that the modeling and animation of such fundamental behavior is crucial for the credibility and effectiveness of the virtual interaction in chat. By treating the avatar as a communicative agent, we propose a method to automate the animation of important communicative behavior, deriving from work in conversation and discourse theory. BodyChat is a system that allows users to communicate via text while their avatars automatically animate attention, salutations, turn taking, back-channel feedback and facial expression. An evaluation shows that users found an avatar with autonomous conversational behaviors to be more natural than avatars whose behaviors they controlled, and to increase the perceived expressiveness of the conversation. Interestingly, users also felt that avatars with autonomous communicative behaviors provided a greater sense of user control.
 Keywords: Avatars, embodied conversational agents, lifelike, communicative behaviors.
 1. Behaviors in avatars
 One type of embodied agent that has received much airplay but little serious research attention in the agent community, is the avatar in a graphical chat. An avatar represents a user in a distributed virtual environment, but has until now not been autonomous. That is, it has not had knowledge to act in the absence of explicit control on the part of the user. In most current graphical chat systems the user is obliged to switch between controlling the avatar behavior and typing messages to other users. While the user is creating the message for her interlocutor, her avatar stands motionless or repeats a selected animation sequence. This fails to reflect the natural relationship between the body and the conversation that is taking place, potentially giving misleading or even conflicting visual cues to other users. Some voice-based systems offer simple lip synching, which greatly enhances the experience, but actions such as gaze and gesture have not been incorporated or are simply produced at random to create a sense of "liveliness".
 - 2
 The development of graphical chat environments from text-based IRCs (Inter-Relay Chat) indicates an awareness on the part of designers of the importance of the body, and of different communication modalities. More recently, the creators of multi-user environments have realized that avatars need to be animated in order to bring them to life, but their approach has not taken into account the number and kind of different communicative functions of the body during an encounter. They provide menus where users can select from a set of animation sequences or switch between different emotional representations. The largest problem with this approach is that the user has to explicitly control every change in the avatar's state. In reality however, many of the visual cues important to conversation are spontaneous and even involuntary, making it impossible for the user to explicitly select them from a menu. Furthermore, the users are often busy producing the content of their conversation, so that simultaneous behavior control becomes a burden.
 Finally, when designers looked at the stiff early versions of avatars and considered ways to make them more life-like, generally they came to the conclusion that they were lacking emotions. However, lively emotional expression in interaction is in vain if mechanisms for establishing and maintaining mutual focus and attention are not in place [10]. We tend to take communicative behaviors such as gaze and head movements for granted, as their spontaneous nature and non-voluntary fluid execution makes them easy to overlook when recalling a previous encounter [8]. This is a serious oversight when creating avatars or humanoid agents since emotion displays do not account for the majority of displays that occur in a human to human interaction [12].
 Our approach (described more fully in [8], in contrast, begins to develop a theory of embodied conversational agents. As well as relying on findings from the literature on discourse and conversation analysis of human-human conversation, we look at the function of communicative behaviors like eye gaze, head nods, and eyebrow raises in conversations between humans and machines, and in conversations between humans that are mediated by machines. Is there a role for interfaces that look like humans, and that generate of their own accord appropriate conversational behaviors? A theory of embodied conversational agents needs to account not only for conversational functions and signals, but also for users' preferences for direct manipulation vs. agent autonomy. Avatars are a kind of agent where this design problem – i.e. the integration of research finding on communicative behavior and issues of interface design – is particularly interesting. That is, avatars are representing other users, who have their own communicative intentions, rather than systems, which have no a priori intentions about how and what to communicate. In this paper, we report research on what we have elsewhere called the conversational envelope [10] and its role in supporting a natural, conversational experience for the user in an avatar-based system.
 2. State-of-the art in avatars
 The term avatar has been used when referring to many different ways of representing networked users graphically. The range of applications is broad and the requirements for the user's virtual presence differ. This work implements the type of avatars that inhabit what has been technically referred to as Distributed Virtual Environments (DVEs). Active Worlds Browser (Circle of Fire Studios Inc.), blaxxun Community Client (blaxxun
 - 3
 Interactive) and Oz Virtual (Oz Interactive) are all examples of DVE systems. The ideas presented here are still applicable to other kinds of systems and should be viewed with that in mind. For example, although the popular Palace (The Palace Inc.) and WorldsAway (Fujitsu Systems Business of America) systems place avatar portraits on top of flat image backdrops rather than rendering a virtual environment the basic interaction principles are the same. To give a better idea of the current state of the art and the shortcomings of these current systems, a description of a typical DVE, and some popular commercial systems, is in order.
 A client program connects each user to the same server responsible for maintaining the state of the shared world. The client renders a view into the world as seen through the avatar's eyes or through a camera floating above and behind the avatar. The avatars are articulated 3D models that the users choose from a menu of available bodies or construct using a supplied editor. The articulation may include arm and feet motion but rarely facial expression or gaze movement (Oz Virtual does provide some facial expressions). The users can freely navigate their avatars through the 3D scene using either a mouse or the cursor keys. To communicate, the user types a sentence into an edit field, transmitting it into the world by hitting Carriage Return. A scrollable text window directly below the rendered view displays all transmitted sentences along with the name of the responsible user. The sentence also often appears floating above the head of the user's avatar.
 When the user wants to initiate a contact with another person, three steps can be taken, of which only the last is necessary. First the user can navigate up to another avatar, attempting to enter the other person's field of view. The user can also select from a set of animation sequences for the avatar to play, 'Waving' being the most appropriate for this situation. Finally, the user must start a conversation by transmitting a sentence into the space, preferably addressing the person to contact. Only this last step is necessary because the user's greeting sentence will be 'heard' by all avatars in the virtual room or space, regardless of their avatar's exact location or orientation. During the conversation, the user keeps typing messages for transmission, switching avatar animations from a set such as 'Happy', 'Angry', 'Jump' and 'Wave' as appropriate. Between the selected animation sequences, idle motions, such as stretching and checking watches are randomly executed.
 Upon entry into a world like this, one notices how lively and in fact life-like the world seems to be. A crowd of people that is gathered on the City Square is crawling as avatars move about and stretch their bodies. However, one soon realizes that the animation displayed is not reflecting the actual events and conversations taking place, as transcribed by the scrolling text window beneath the world view.
 Although the avatars allow the user to visually create formations by controlling position and orientation in relation to other avat
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To repeal Part 5 of the 2005 SOCPA, which states that an animal rights activist can go to jail for 5 years for writing a letter, or particpating in protest.
Why is this idea important?
Regarding animal rights activism; In a time when we refer to ourselves as civilised and intelligent beings, the act of removing ones right to speak, act and protest, suggests the opposite.
The government already posses the ability to treat non humans as they wish, and to further try to gag those who, with the best of intentions, fight for necessary change within the law, a change that is essential in moving the human race forward, is oppresive.
People should be able to make their voices heard, especially regarding issues of this relevance. Threats of violence or initmidation are a seperate issue, no one should recieve 5 years jail for writing a letter through the best of intentions.
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to expand one's horizons synonym, to expand one's horizons definition | Thesaurus
1 amplify, augment, bloat, blow up, broaden, develop, dilate, distend, enlarge, extend, fatten, fill out, grow, heighten, increase, inflate, lengthen, magnify, multiply, prolong, protract, swell, thicken, wax, widen
2 diffuse, open (out), outspread, spread (out), stretch (out), unfold, unfurl, unravel, unroll
3 amplify, develop, dilate, elaborate, embellish, enlarge, expatiate, expound, flesh out, go into detail
1 & 2 close, condense, contract, decrease, reduce, shorten, shrink
3 abbreviate, condense, shorten
English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus
See also:
expend, expanse, explain, expound
Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus
spoil someone's plans; spoil someone's pleasure or joy.
stop talking; refrain from saying something
be kept waiting
to lose one's temper
very familiar
make a lot of efforts to understand something
have everything together; have all things settled/organized
get rid of a strong feeling towards something or someone
snubbing people by using one's mobile phone
[Neologism] portmanteau word : phone + snubbing
go for something, take one's chances
دل را به دریا زدن
more specific: cat shaming or dog shaming
symbolically killing one's internet unique identity.
a poetic or humorous way of expressing one's fervent wish for somehting
oh for a bit of sunshine!
the fear of being unable to use one's mobile phone
canned by Theodore Roosevelt
often used in combination with "talk the talk".
this is just something my grandmother would say in cajun french
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 - Create your own vocabulary list
 - Contribute to the Collaborative Dictionary
 - Improve and share your linguistic knowledge


text:
The Protocols of Linearity were the most important and widely-discussed of the Protocols of the Great Houses. They made it illegal (and therefore impossible) for Homeworlders to travel into the past of the Homeworld.
A consequence was that if an agent of the Great Houses were to leave the Homeworld for five years, though they could theoretically return moments after they left, upon their return they would inevitably find that five years had passed there as well. In effect, whenever an agent entered an area of time outside the Homeworld, their relative histories would be temporarily linked so that their "present"s would be indistinguishable, despite being aeons apart. (PROSE: Protocols of Linearity)
This rule applied to other time-active powers as well, including Faction Paradox. Because they signed the Gregorian Compact with George II in 1752, agents of the Faction and the Great Houses alike found it difficult to penetrate Earth's causality for the next seventy years. Observing this period would, in effect, be too much like looking into their own future. (PROSE: Earth)
During the War, both the Great Houses and the enemy obeyed the Protocols of Linearity. Many theorised that this was due to the Houses' inability to revoke the Protocols, an agreement between the two parties, or both parties' fear of the consequences of non-linearity. (PROSE: Protocols of Linearity)
When the Remote left Faction Paradox, they became divorced from linearity. This explains Compassion's life, for instance, since she was born during the War but traveled with an old-fashioned timeship in the pre-War era before becoming the first 102-form. (PROSE: Timeships)
The Violent Unknown Event at Zo la Domini broke linearity and allowed agents of the Great Houses' pre-War Order of the Weal, including Chatelaine Thessalia, to interact with War era agents of Faction Paradox. This led Thessalia to believe that the Faction was the enemy, and shortly after the event she disappeared in another VUE on the frontier of time. (PROSE: Zo la Domini)


text:
Post Monitoring of a Cyclodextrin Remediated Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Aquifer
Hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin (HP?CD) has been tested successfully in the laboratory and in the field for enhanced flushing of low-polarity contaminants from aquifers. The cyclodextrin molecule forms a toroidal structure, which has a hydrophobic cavity. Within this cavity, organic compounds of appropriate shape and size can form inclusion complexes, which is the basis for the use of cyclodextrin in groundwater remediation. The hydrophilic exterior of the molecule makes cyclodextrin highly water-soluble. The solubility of cyclodextrins can be further enhanced by adding functional groups, such as hydroxypropyl groups, to the cyclodextrin core. The aqueous solubility of HP?CD exceeds 950 g/L. These high solubilities are advantageous for field applications because they permit relatively high concentrations of the flushing agent.
In order for cyclodextrin to become a feasible remediative alternative, it must be demonstrate a short term resistance to biodegradation during field application, but ultimately biodegrade so as not to pose a long term presence in the aquifer. The potential for degradation of cyclodextrin as well as changes in the chlorinated solvents and groundwater geochemistry were examined during the post monitoring of a field demonstration in a shallow aquifer at Little Creek Naval Amphibious Base in Virginia. It was found that a portion of the cyclodextrin remaining in the aquifer after the cessation of field activities biodegraded during the 425 days of post monitoring. This degradation also led to the degradation of the chlorinated solvents trichloroethylene and 1,1-trichloroethane through both biological and chemical processes. The aquifer remained anaerobic with average dissolved oxygen levels below 0.5 mg/L. Dissolved nitrate and sulfate concentrations within the cyclodextrin plume decreased due their being used as terminal electron acceptors during the degradation of the cyclodextrin. The concentrations of total iron at the field site showed no change over time.
It can be concluded from this research that cyclodextrin remaining in the subsurface after cessation of active remediation will degrade due to microbial processes. The chlorinated solvents will also degrade through both chemical and biological processes to their daughter products. The terminal electron acceptors present within the cyclodextrin plume will also be used for energy during the degradation processes.
Advisor:Clint Willson; Jeff Hanor; William Blanford
School:Louisiana State University in Shreveport
School Location:USA - Louisiana
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Date of Publication:08/27/2004