Many tobaccos that Whole Leaf Tobacco sells can be prepared for Shisha/Hookah use with minimal effort.
First off – the difference between the word Shisha and Hookah need not be a mystery. Some websites will tell you that Hookah is the glass pipe, and Shisha is the tobacco that goes inside, but that is incorrect. The difference is the origin of the word. Hookah is the Hindi word for Water Pipe, while Shisha, which means Glass in Persian, is the commonly used phrase in the Arabic world. Use it interchangeably. We won't tell!
Preparing Whole Leaf Tobacco as Shisha for Hookah or Hookah for your Shisha
 1. Remove the mid-rib from your tobacco and shred it.
 2. Wash your tobacco to remove some of the harsh tobacco flavor.
 3. Mix it with honey or molasses and bake on low heat (150 degrees F) for about an hour and a half.
 4. Add glycerin, and liquid extracts to give your Shisha tobacco a nice flavor.
 5. Let sit and soak for at least 24 hours.
Your tobacco is then ready for use in the glass vessel, tube and pipehowever you want to label it!
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text:
How the CVP Works
Reports & Consumer Guides
Power Drain: How the CVP Works
The Central Valley Project stretches 400 miles, north to south, across California, from the Cascade Mountains near Redding to the Tehachapi Mountains near Bakersfield. It is anchored by six major dams on the Sacramento, Trinity, American, Stanislaus, and San Joaquin rivers. These dams alone would be enough to radically reshape the hydrology of California, but they are only the first piece of a complex water storage and delivery system.
Overall, the CVP encompasses 20 dams and reservoirs, 9 major canals, dozens of pumping plants, and 11 hydropower plants, in addition to a vast network of smaller canals, conduits, tunnels and other facilities that divert the natural of flow of water in the state to a staggering degree. The volume of water carried by the CVP each year is staggering, amounting to more than 2 trillion gallons, or 18 percent of the state's fresh water supply. [6,7] The CVP is comprised of such a dizzying array of interconnected features that trying to understand how the system operates is challenging. Yet it is key to understanding how energy – and energy subsidies – power the Project...
- Historically, 90 percent of the Trinity River's water has been diverted through dams, reservoirs, and massive tunnels bored into the Trinity Mountains. Although a recent court decision has reduced these diversions, today still more than 50 percent of the river does not flow to the North Coast as it has for millennia – but instead is rerouted into the Sacramento River. Some of the rerouted water is pumped into the Tehama-Colusa, Corning, and other smaller canals that serve Colusa, Glenn, Shasta, Tehama and Yolo counties. A series of pumping stations move this water into the canals, and send it trudging along a distribution area more than 150 miles long. The remaining diverted Trinity River water flows down the Sacramento River into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta where it is captured by another set of CVP pumps and canals.
- The Tracy Pumping Plant on the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta sucks massive quantities of water out of the Delta, lifts it 197 feet, and pushes it into the 117-mile-long Delta-Mendota Canal that serves irrigation water to Western San Joaquin Valley. With its six pumps, each powered by a 22,500-horsepower motor, the Tracy Plant alone accounts for 46 percent of the energy used by the CVP each year for moving and storing water. In late spring, when the least amount of pumping is required, the Tracy Plant pumps about 600,000 gallons of water per minute out of the Delta. At the height of summer, when the pumps are working at their maximum, the pumping rate increases to about 2 million gallons per minute.
- In addition to the federal pumping facilities in the Delta, the State of California has its own set of eleven pumps that take water from the Delta near the Tracy Plant. (The operation of these two sets of pumps, as well as certain other CVP and SWP activities, are coordinated according to an official 1986 agreement between state and federal agencies.) The water is then sent south to the Central Valley and Southern California via State Water Project (SWP) canals. The CVP and SWP pumps are so powerful that together they actually reverse the Delta's natural flow of water during certain times of the year. The damage to fish in the Delta is severe. The reverse flows confuse salmon as they attempt to migrate to their spawning grounds, and the pumps suck in and kill thousands of fish each year - including endangered Chinook Salmon and Delta Smelt. In April, California's Superior Court found that the Department of Water Resources was violating the state's Endangered Species Act (ESA) and ordered the Department to "cease and desist from further operation" of the SWP pumps if it could not comply with the Act within 60 days. A similar case is pending in federal court over the operation of the CVP pumps.
- Seventy miles downstream from the Tracy Pumping Plant, an intake channel leading off the Delta-Mendota Canal feeds into the O'Neill Pumping Plant. Here, six 6,000 horsepower pumps lift water 45 feet into a reservoir called the O'Neill Forebay, where it merges with water from the California Aquaduct. Eight massive pumps lift water out of the O'Neill Forebay 297 feet into the San Luis Reservoir, the largest off-stream storage reservoir in the country. The 138-foot-wide San Luis Canal, run jointly by the State of California and the federal government, extends 103 miles southeast from the O'Neill Forebay and serves irrigation water to the Western San Joaquin Valley. At two different points along the San Luis Canal, six powerful pumps lift the water again to a higher elevation, and another eight pumps push water into the Coalinga Canal. Westlands Water District is the major CVP user of the water in both the San Luis and Coalinga Canals.
- The Friant Dam on the San Joaquin River feeds water into the 152 mile-long Friant-Kern Canal and the 36 mile-long Madera Canal that provide irrigation water to the Southern Central Valley. While this unit has fewer pumping-related concerns than other parts of the CVP, its environmental impact has been no less severe. Before the Friant Dam was completed in 1942, the San Joaquin was home to a vibrant salmon fishery. Unfortunately, the dam not only blocked the salmon's natural spawning route, but massive water diversions for agriculture drained a 63-mile stretch of the river for more than half a century and prevented the San Joaquin River from actually flowing into Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta for much of the year. In 2006, an 18-year lawsuit was finally settled requiring the Bureau of Reclamation to restore at least some amount of water to the San Joaquin River year round.
The Bureau of Reclamation, the federal agency that manages the CVP, often boasts of the 5.6 billion kWh of electricity that the Project's hydroelectric dams produce each year. But rarely does the agency mention the vast amount of energy it takes to run the CVP's water delivery operations. Yet EWG's analysis of Bureau data shows that pumping agricultural water around the CVP consumes almost 1 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity each year. [3,4]
For accounting purposes, the Bureau of Reclamation breaks down this energy usage into three different categories: water storage, water conveyance, and direct pumping. It might seem counterintuitive to need electricity for water storage, as we typically think of dams and reservoirs being used to generate electricity rather than consuming it. But, as in the case of the San Luis Reservoir, if a reservoir is located off-stream and uphill from a canal, getting the water into the reservoir takes energy. The basic laws of physics dictate that not all of this energy can be recaptured when the water is later released and used to power turbines. Water storage accounts for about 21 percent of total CVP energy use each year.
The terms conveyance and direct pumping are also confusing. Both refer to the energy required to move CVP water from its source - either the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta or one of the CVP's many reservoirs - to its ultimate destination. The difference is that conveyance-related pumping, which accounts for 64 percent of CVP energy usage, moves water to a group of downstream users. Direct pumping, on the other hand, serves just a single water district or contractor. It accounts for 25 percent of power use in the CVP each year.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Meet a survivor of a rare, deadly "brain-eating" amoeba
 Kali Hardig stands at the edge of the lake at Willow Springs park where she was sickened by a water-borne amoeba. (AP Photo/Danny Johnston)
 Today, Kali Hardig is a normal 15-year-old girl who loves to swim. But in 2013, she found herself in the spotlight as she fought for her life. She's one of the few survivors of a "brain-eating amoeba."
 It was a normal summer for 12-year-old Kali Hardig. She spent most of her time in the water, swimming at Willow Springs Water Park near her house in Arkansas.
 On a day that Kali remembers vividly, she came home from swimming, and told her mom, Traci, she had a very bad headache. Her mom thought it was from too much time in the sun or dehydration.
 She couldn't have imagined the real cause — that her daughter Kali had an amoeba in her head that was beginning to infect and destroy her brain tissue.
 Naegleria Fowleri, or Primary Amebic Meningitis
 This particular amoeba is commonly found in warm, fresh bodies of water like rivers, lakes, or springs. Amebic Meningitis can't be contracted by drinking contaminated water — infection only takes place when the amoeba is forced up the nose. That's why the most common victims are people who got water up their nose while swimming, like Kali Hardig. The amoeba then latches on and travels up the olfactory nerve to the brain.
 Once inside the brain, the infection destroys brain tissue and the brain swells, causing death.
 The early symptoms don't usually cause a lot of alarm — headaches, fever, nausea or vomiting. Once the symptoms escalate to seizures, hallucinations, and loss of balance, it is usually too late to save the victim.
 This summer alone, four people have been infected with Naegleria Fowleri. One teenage girl died in Ohio in June after whitewater rafting in North Carolina. A teenage boy died in Texas in July. Another girl died this month in South Carolina. A man in South Florida is in the hospital after doctors confirmed he contracted the amoeba while swimming.
 Although Naegleria Fowleri infections are extremely rare, with only 138 cases between 1962 and 2015, it is also extraordinarily deadly. The chances of dying from the amoeba are above 97 percent.
 According to the CDC, there are only three survivors in the United States, and five survivors worldwide. Kali Hardig is one of those survivors.
 survivorFriends and family of Kali wear shirts that say, "Kali's Krew" with the number 3, because at the time they thought she was the third survivor. (Courtesy of the Hardig family)
 A race against time to defy the odds
 Once doctors at Arkansas Children's Hospital identified Naegleria Fowleri as the cause of Kali's sickness, they broke the news to her parents, Joseph and Traci.
 "The head doctor over at the ER, he took myself and Traci into a conference room and laid it out to us," says Joseph Hardig. "He told us what she had, and he said 'she won't make it through the weekend.'"
 His voice cracks as he remembers the moment when they got the devastating news. This was insult upon injury for the Hardigs — Traci was fighting her sixth re-occurrence of breast cancer, and Joseph had just returned from serving in Kuwait to help take care of her. Now, they faced losing their daughter.
 "It's hard to wrap your head around," Joseph says. "They gave her a one percent chance of survival."
 Despite the chances, the doctors took Kali into surgery to put a port into her head so they could administer medicine straight into her brain. They called the CDC, who had an experimental drug on hand from Germany called miltefosine that was not created to treat parasitic meningitis, but had been used on a previous survivor. The CDC shipped it immediately, but the shipment was lost.
 "You want everything to go right, of course. But people are humans. You can't scream at everybody," Joseph says.
 The lost drug was found, and finally shipped to Little Rock, Arkansas. It was added into Kali's drug regimen. Then they lowered her body temperature to 93 degrees and put her in a medically induced coma.
 Then, they waited.
 Out of the woods and back into the water
 "Once I woke up out of a coma…I was all over the news," Kali says, laughing. She had no idea what had happened to her, but the "brain-eating amoeba" had already made headlines.
 Her brain was slightly scarred from the infection, but doctors said because of her age, the damage wasn't irreparable.
 "The doctor, he said, 'She does have some scarring on her brain, but picture your brain like a fuse box. Your core of your brain is your fuse box, and the fuse box runs out to the rest of your brain like electrical outlets. Well, some of her electrical outlets have some damage on them, but her fuse box is good. The brain will reroute and go around these,'" Joseph says. "It was a huge relief."
 Kali had to relearn how to walk, talk, read and write. She also relearned how to swim in the rehabilitation pool at the hospital.
 "Once they let me swim in their pool at Children's and I knew I wouldn't get sick," Kali says, "I was ecstatic, because I knew I could still swim. And I love to swim."
 After 55 days, Kali walked away from the hospital as one of the world's few survivors of the rare and deadly "brain-eating" amoeba.
 homeBalloons and signs outside of the Hardig's house for the day that Kali came home from the hospital. (Courtesy of the Hardig family)
 This post was updated on August 12, 2016 to reflect additional data from the CDC.
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uvloop: Blazing fast Python networking
by Yury Selivanov _USER_
May 03, 2016
asyncio is an asynchronous I/O framework shipping with the Python Standard Library. In this blog post, we introduce uvloop: a full, drop-in replacement for the asyncio event loop. uvloop is written in Cython and built on top of libuv.
uvloop makes asyncio fast. In fact, it is at least 2x faster than nodejs, gevent, as well as any other Python asynchronous framework. The performance of uvloop-based asyncio is close to that of Go programs.
asyncio & uvloop
The asyncio module, introduced by PEP 3156, is a collection of network transports, protocols, and streams abstractions, with a pluggable event loop. The event loop is the heart of asyncio. It provides APIs for:
 - scheduling calls,
 - transmitting data over the network,
 - performing DNS queries,
 - handling OS signals,
 - convenient abstractions to create servers and connections,
 - working with subprocesses asynchronously.
As of this moment, uvloop is only available on *nix platforms and Python 3.5.
uvloop is a drop-in replacement of the built-in asyncio event loop. You can install uvloop with pip:
$ pip install uvloop
Using uvloop in your asyncio code is as easy as:
import asyncio
import uvloop
The above snippet makes any asyncio.get_event_loop() call return an instance of uvloop.
You can also create a uvloop instance explicitly, by calling uvloop.new_event_loop()
uvloop is written in Cython and is built on top of libuv.
libuv is a high performance, multiplatform asynchronous I/O library used by nodejs. Because of how wide-spread and popular nodejs is, libuv is fast and stable.
uvloop implements all asyncio event loop APIs. High-level Python objects wrap low-level libuv structs and functions. Inheritance is used to keep the code DRY and ensure that any manual memory management is in sync with libuv primitives' lifespans.
To check how the performance of uvloop stacks up against other implementations, we have created a toolbench to benchmark TCP and UNIX sockets I/O, and the performance of HTTP protocol.
Benchmarked servers run inside a Docker container with an outside load-generating tool (wrk for HTTP benchmarks) that measures request throughput and latency.
All benchmarks in this blog post were run on an Intel Xeon CPU E5-1620 v2 @ 3.70GHz, and Ubuntu Linux. We use Python 3.5, and all servers are single-threaded. Additionally, we use GOMAXPROCS=1 for Go code, nodejs does not use cluster, and all Python servers are single-process. Every benchmark sets the TCP_NODELAY flag.
Benchmarks on Mac OS X exhibit very similar results.
This benchmark tests the performance of a simple echo server with different message sizes. We use 1, 10, and 100 KiB packages. The concurrency level is 10. Each benchmark was run for 30 seconds.
See also the full TCP benchmarks report.
Some comments on each position:
 1. asyncio-streams. asyncio with its built-in, pure-Python event loop. In this benchmark, we test the performance of the high-level streams abstraction. We use asyncio.create_server() to create a server that passes a pair of (reader, writer) to the client coroutine.
 2. tornado. This server implements a very simple Tornado protocol, which immediately sends back any data it receives.
 3. curio-streams. Curio is the new kid on the Python aio lib block. Similarly to asyncio-streams, in this benchmark we test curio streams, using curio.make_streams() to create a pair of (reader, writer) that provide a high-level APIs such as readline().
 4. twisted. Similarly to Tornado, here we test a minimal echo protocol.
 5. curio. This benchmark tests the performance of curio sockets: a tight loop of sock.recv() and sock.sendall() coroutines.
 6. uvloop-streams. As in #2, here we test the performance of asyncio high-level streams, but this time on top of uvloop.
 7. gevent. We use gevent.StreamServer and a gevent socket to send/receive data in a tight loop.
 8. asyncio. It appears that vanilla asyncio is quite fast! Similarly to #2 and #4, here we test the performance of a minimal echo protocol implemented in pure-Python asyncio.
 9. nodejs. We use the net.createServer API to test the streams performance in nodejs v4.2.6.
 10. uvloop. This benchmark tests a minimal echo protocol (as in #2, #4, #8) implemented in asyncio, on top of uvloop. With 1 KiB messages, uvloop is the fastest implementation with whopping 105,000 requests per second! For 100 KiB messages, uvloop manages to pump through about 2.3 GiB/s.
 11. Go. A tight loop of _URL_ calls. Golang performance is very similar to uvloop, slightly better for 10 and 100 KiB messages.
How to read box-charts: 99%75%50%25%min
Code for all benchmarks can be found here.
See also UNIX sockets benchmark results.
Initially, we wanted to test aiohttp on asyncio and uvloop against nodejs and Go. aiohttp is the most popular framework for writing asynchronous HTTP servers and clients with asyncio.
See also the full HTTP benchmarks report.
However, the performance bottleneck in aiohttp turned out to be its HTTP parser, which is so slow, that it matters very little how fast the underlying I/O library is. To make things more interesting, we created a Python binding for http-parser (nodejs HTTP parser C library, originally developed for Nginx). The library is called httptools, and is available on Github and PyPI.
For HTTP, all benchmarks use wrk to generate the load. The concurrency level is set to 300. The duration of each benchmark is 30 seconds.
Quite surprisingly, pure-Python asyncio, with the help of high-performance HTTP parser is faster than nodejs, which uses the same HTTP parser!
Go is faster for 1 KiB responses, but uvloop+asyncio is measurably better for 10/100 KiB responses. The quality of service is excellent for asyncio and uvloop with httptools, as wells as for Go.
Admittedly, httptools-based server is very minimal and does not include any routing logic, unlike other implementations. Nonetheless, the benchmark demonstrates how fast uvloop can be with an efficiently implemented protocol.
It is safe to conclude that, with uvloop, it is possible to write Python networking code that can push tens of thousands of requests per second per CPU core. On multicore systems a process pool can be used to scale the performance even further.
uvloop and asyncio, combined with the power of async/await in Python 3.5, makes it easier than ever to write high-performance networking code in Python.
Please try uvloop (github) and share your results with us!


Follow the given procedure to delete alert messages from the list.
 1. Navigate to the User Messages screen and click the 'Alerts' folder on the tree menu. The alert messages within the selected folder are displayed in the right-side panel.
 2. Select those message(s) that you want to delete by ticking the checkboxes beside the message.
 3. Click (Delete User Message(s) button). The selected message(s) get deleted from the list.


text:
Suma Root and Powder Profile
Also known as
Pfaffia paniculata (and glomerata)
Suma is an indigenous plant to South America, most notably Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Traditionally it has been used as a food product for many forest foragers and was occasionally administered for a variety of ailments, hence its nickname "para tudo," meaning "for all." Because of its rather Vanilla like flavor this botanical can be easily consumed for those with palatable sensitivities.
Rich in Amino Acids, electrolytes, trace minerals, pfaffic acid, Germanium, Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Beta-ecdysone, and Saponins.
Western herbal medicine uses the dried root in whole, cut or powdered form. Fresh root seems to be fairly "tannic" for palatable consumption.
Tea decoction from the root, powdered root sprinkled on food or in beverages, as a liquid herbal extract, and capsules (non-standardized) from powdered root.
Not much research has been carried out for this particular botanical and to date there have not been any released notes on possible medicinal contraindications, side effects or potential health hazards.
This information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.


Incloister meanings in Urdu
Incloister meanings in Urdu is بندش Incloister in Urdu. More meanings of incloister, it's definitions, example sentences, related words, idioms and quotations.
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Idiom related to the meaning of Incloister
What are the meanings of Incloister in Urdu?
Meanings of the word Incloister in Urdu is بندش - bandish. To understand how would you translate the word Incloister in Urdu, you can take help from words closely related to Incloister or it's Urdu translations. Some of these words can also be considered Incloister synonyms. In case you want even more details, you can also consider checking out all of the definitions of the word Incloister. If there is a match we also include idioms & quotations that either use this word or its translations in them or use any of the related words in English or Urdu translations. These idioms or quotations can also be taken as a literary example of how to use Incloister in a sentence. If you have trouble reading in Urdu we have also provided these meanings in Roman Urdu.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What do you mean by incloister?
Meaning of incloister is بندش - bandish
Whats the definition of incloister?
Definition of the incloister are
What is the synonym of incloister?
Synonym of word incloister are phraseology, obstruction, closure, debarring, ligation, constraint, qualm, closures, offuscation, fiction
What are the idioms related to incloister?
Here are the idioms that are related to the word incloister.
 - The mind loves free space


text:
DANIEL KYALO1, ERIC BETT2, BERNHARD FREYER2, RHODA BIRECH3, KIBET NGETICH4
1Egerton University, Agricultural Economics & Agri-Business Management, Kenya
2University of Natural and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Inst. of Organic Farming, Austria
3Egerton University, Crop Horticulture and Soil Sciences, Kenya
4Egerton University, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Kenya
The nature of marketing of high value agricultural products such as Organic products has evolved over time, resulting into well coordinated physical, exchange and facilitating functions. However, the degree of market efficiency and effectiveness of these functions is highly influenced by the nature of interactions between the actors and their attributes. The current study aimed at offering policy options for improving marketing of organic products in Kenya through an analysis of the marketing channels. First, the study identified the actors and activities involved in marketing of organic products in Nairobi urban area. Secondly, the commodity (organic fruits and vegetables) attributes, the actors and the activities were analysed with view of determining how they influence two key outcomes: transaction costs and profitability. Primary data for the study was collected through a survey among 31 traders dealing in organic fruits and vegetables within Nairobi city. The data were analysed within the Institutions Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework.
Results indicate that although transaction costs exist in the three channels identified, the nature and magnitude of such costs greatly varies across the channels depending on the number of players and their attributes. Traders incur transaction costs while searching and screening for reliable suppliers and customers, transporting the product and enforcing contracts. Furthermore, the type of transaction costs incurred within each marketing channel highly depends on the level of information asymmetry between actors, the actors' attributes and existing institutional arrangements that are necessary to maintain transactions and counter opportunistic behaviour. The nature of activities and actors within each channel was also found to influence the transaction costs. The study draws imperative policy implications that can be used to reduce the transaction costs incurred in the business of marketing organic products. Some suggested policy options include: improving market information transmission, reforms in legal framework to facilitate contract farming and improved transport infrastructure.
Keywords: Organic food products, organic marketing channels, transaction costs

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A field of yellow celandine flowers.
- a weedy plant (Chelidonium majus) of the poppy family, with deeply divided leaves and yellow flowers and juice
- a perennial plant (Ranunculus ficaria) of the buttercup family, with yellow flowers
Origin of celandineMiddle English and amp; Old French celidoine ; from Medieval Latin celidonia ; from Classical Latin chelidonia ; from Classical Greek chelidonion, swallowwort ; from chelidōn, a swallow ; from Indo-European echoic base an unverified form ghelfrom source yell
- A perennial Eurasian herb (Chelidonium majus) having deeply divided leaves, showy yellow flowers, and yellow-orange latex. Also called swallowwort.
- The lesser celandine.
Origin of celandineMiddle English celidoine, from Old French, from Medieval Latin celidōnia, from Latin chelīdonia, feminine of chelīdonium, from Greek khelīdonion, from khelīdōn, swallow (from the association by ancient writers of the blossoming of the plant with the return of the swallows in spring); see ghel-1 in Indo-European roots.
- Either of two unrelated flowering plants:
- The greater celandine
- The lesser celandine


text:
Atomic Spectra Worksheet Answers is really a sheet of paper containing projects or questions which are designed to be performed by students. The Ministry of National Knowledge describes that Worksheets are generally in the form of directions, measures for doing a task. A task that's purchased in the experience sheet should be clear the basic competencies which will be achieved. Worksheets can be students information that is applied to transport out analysis and problem fixing activities.
Making Educational Worksheets should reference the basic competencies being shown or at least relating with the product that's been taught. Worksheets can be interpreted as perform courses for students in facilitating learning. The fundamental intent behind applying Atomic Spectra Worksheet Answers is to provide a concrete experience for students. Supporting with education variations. Generating interest in learning. Increasing preservation of teaching and learning. Take advantage of time effortlessly and efficiently. You are able to look closely at the case Ap Chemistry Photoelectron Spectroscopy Worksheet with this page.
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Next: , Previous: GNATS configuration, Up: Management
4.2 The databases file
The databases configuration file is a site-wide configuration file containing the list of gnats databases that are available either on the host itself or remotely over the network, together with some parameters associated with each database.
The file contains one line for each database. For databases located on the host itself, each line consists of three fields separated by colons:
database name:short description of database:path/to/database
The first field is the database name. This is the name used to identify the database when invoking programs such as query-pr or send-pr, either by using the --database option of the program or by setting the GNATSDB environment variable to the name of the database. The second field is a short human-readable description of the database contents, and the final field is the directory where the database contents are kept.
For a database that is located across a network, but which should be accessible from this host, the entry for the database should look like this:
database name:short description of database::hostname:port
The first two fields are the same as for local databases, the third field is empty (notice the two adjacent : symbols, indicating an empty field), the fourth field is the hostname of the remote gnats server, and the fifth field is the port number that the remote gnats is running on.
If gnats was built with default options, the databases file will be located in the /usr/local/etc/gnats directory. However, if the option --enable-gnats-dblist-file was used during building of gnats, the databases file has the name and location given to this option. A sample databases file is installed together with gnats.
Note that if you add a new local database, you must create its data directory, including appropriate subdirectories and administrative files. This is best done using the mkdb tool, See mkdb.


Friday, December 12, 2008
Early Childhood OECD figures
A new UNICEF report out shows that Australia is ranked 3rd last, only gaining 2 out of 10 assessable criteria. Some of the criteria looks a little odd, like 1% GDP on ECS. Why would the amount a country spends on early childhood be a criteria? How does that take into account stay-home moms? In fact the majority of benchmarks indicate that you should be using childcare. What about a mentor / student ratio of 1:2 as it is in our home?


text: A senior Chinese scientist has warned that provincial government plans to build two large water control barriers on the Yangtze River could drive China's last remaining 1,000 river porpoises to extinction. The authorities are proposing to build huge sluice gates to control the flow of water from the river into the country's two largest freshwater lakes – Poyang in Jiangxi province and Dongting in Hunan province. The barriers will stop Yangtze finless porpoises from travelling between the river and the lakes for food and shelter they need, according to Xie Ping, a researcher at the Institute of Hydrobiology in Wuhan in Hubei province. Animals trapped in the lakes for long periods, however, would struggle to mate and reproduce, he said. Porpoises belong to the same family of aquatic mammals as dolphins and whales. Baiji dolphins also used to live on the Yangtze River, but scientists believe they finally became extinct a decade ago. Can these three steps save the Chinese white dolphin in Hong Kong? The need for the water control measures has been prompted by the construction of the Three Gorges Dam higher up the Yangtze River. It has led water levels to fall further downstream and water to flow out of the lakes and towards the sea. This has already had a huge impact on communities living in the area and on wildlife, including migrating birds such as White crane. The authorities in Jiangxi are likely to announce later this year when construction work will start on the water control measures, according to Xie. The water resources departments in Jiangxi and Hunan did not immediately respond to requests for comment. The Yangtze finless porpoise is classified as critically endangered and the barriers could finally wipe out their population, said Xie. He posted on article on Wednesday on Sciencenet.cn, the largest online community of Chinese-speaking researchers – urging the local authorities to drop the sluice gate plans. Xie, an authority on ecological and environmental research in China frequently cited by scientists around the world, said the Yangtze was the porpoises' only natural habitat, but its waters were overfished and polluted, leading the mammals to regularly visit the lakes for food and shelter. "The water in the Yangtze River contains lots of mud and sand. It blocks out sunlight and leads to low production of food," Xie told the South China Morning Post. "But in the lakes the silt sinks to the bottom and carries nutrition for the fish that feed the porpoises. "If the porpoises' access to the lake is cut off, there is very high chance they will starve to death – each and every one of them," he said. One reason Yangtze finless porpoises have managed to survive is they have much better eyesight than Baiji dolphins, increasing their chances of steering clear of boats and other human activity, according to researchers. The mammals are also have a wider ranging diet, sometimes foraging on crustaceans to compensate for diminishing fish stocks. Other elements in their favour include their ability to live in partial saltwaters near estuaries close to the sea. The last population survey was carried out in 2012 with the porpoises numbers put at 1,040. Xie said the two freshwater lakes were not large enough to sustain the porpoises if they were forced to live there constantly. "The genes of large water animals such as porpoises and dolphins have evolved through millions of years for living, mating and reproducing in boundless waters," he said. The barriers will trap some porpoises inside the lakes. "It will become an aquarium, then a grave," Xie said. "The extinction of porpoises could be just the start. The full ecological consequences may surface years after the construction of a large project. Just look what happened to the Three Gorges Dam." Hong Kong scientists lock horns over dolphin population size, with new HKU study finding larger numbers However, Wang Ding, an expert on Chinese dolphins and porpoises at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said numerous research teams in China had studied the water barrier scheme and were divided on what its impact might be on the mammals. "Some findings were positive, some negative. Both sides have data and science to back up their claims," he said, without elaborating. "Speaking with my gut feeling, I hope these facilities will not be built because the long-term impact cannot be good," he said.


text:
Rabbi Dovid Stein, Star-K Israel Representative
When a tourist comes to Israel from the Diaspora one of the things he has to get used to is the mitzvos hatluot b'aretz, the mitzvos that are unique to Israel. After he gets through taking trumah and maaser, tithing, and makes sure he doesn't come during shmitta (beware next year!) he is suddenly hit with orla. And when he asks how to cope with this unfamiliar problem he is sometimes given a chart with a list of fruits and orla percentages which, if he isn't totally confused, the charts will certainly finish off the job. "What do all these percentages mean? And why," he asks, "can't someone give me a yes or no answer instead of these percentages?" So what do the percentages on these fruit charts mean?
In order to understand what the charts mean it is necessary to understand the halachic problems of orla in Eretz Yisroel today. Fruits produced during the first three years of a trees growth are prohibited. With new agricultural advances, especially in Israel, which in many ways has the most advanced agriculture in the world, trees now give good fruit in their second year of growth. Furthermore, the older and taller the tree the more time and money it takes to pick. It makes economic sense, in trees like peaches, to uproot some trees every few years and plant again. Other fruits that are commonly replanted are seedless grapes, where shoots are being continuously put into the ground1, and pomegranates, that have new branches coming up directly from the ground.
The charts indicate the percentage of orla found in the field of each type of fruit picked. Those varieties that have no orla or negligable amounts of orla, i.e, less than.5%, would not present a problem. Those with higher percentages require halachic scrutiny. In reading the charts it is important to realize that not all types of the same fruit have the same percentages of orla. So you may have some types of peaches with 7% and others with 1%. The newer charts have pictures to make it easier to identify the different types of fruit. The charts come out twice a year; one for summer fruit and one for winter.


text:
- The act of wavering or of fluttering; flucuation; sudden
and brief increase of brightness; as, the last flicker of the dying
flame. - The golden-winged woodpecker (Colaptes aurutus); -- so
called from its spring note. Called also yellow-hammer, high-holder,
pigeon woodpecker, and yucca.
2. Flicker
[ v. i.]
- To flutter; to flap the wings without flying. - To waver unsteadily, like a flame in a current of air,
or when about to expire; as, the flickering light.


Overcoming Fears of Traveling with Autism
Overcoming Fears of Traveling with Autism
Nervous to Travel?
Do you worry about traveling with your child who has autism?
Maybe you're thinking, My child can barely handle being in a local public space, let alone somewhere far away.
Don't worry…you're definitely not alone. I was in the same place when my kids were young. I was hesitant to take the leap into a major, week-long vacation.
Here's me:
What if my kids have a terrible time? What if we spend all of this time and money but our trip ends up a disaster? What if….? What if…?
I realized that this kind of irrational, excessive worry lead me feeling locked up in a self-made prison of fear. If you ruminate on the "what ifs" and never take the leap into the wider world, you'll never experience true joy.
But it doesn't have to be that way! You can learn to overcome those fears about traveling with special needs.
Did you know…?
A "worry experiment" was conducted to see if what people were afraid of actually came true.
What 85% of test subjects worried about actually never came true! And with the remaining 15% whose worries came true, they realized they misperceived or exaggerated their problems. They viewed those "bad events" as a good life lesson in becoming better problem-solvers and less worriers.
When I catch myself worrying too much, I often reflect upon the self-fulfilling prophesy phenomenon:
Did I make something come true just because I was afraid of it to begin with? Did my kids sense my apprehensions and then react to my behavior with their own fears?
For some families, though, the sense of fear is founded on something that has happened over and over again.
Like running away from home. Like being attracted to water but unable to swim. Like harming oneself and others in the family during a meltdown.
THAT is their REALITY.
Overcoming Fears of Traveling with Autism: Important Tips
You probably know the "Serenity Prayer." It is often used in AA for recovering addicts. But in case you don't know it or need a reminder, here is my interpretation:
Grant me the serenity of mind to accept what can't be changed; the courage to change what can be changed, and wisdom to know the difference.
This little bit of truth has gotten me through some pretty "rough seas" in my life, especially when coming to terms with both of my children's diagnosis of autism. Maybe you feel the same.
It's good to be reminded of that in every facet of life…even when taking major vacations or little getaways.
Learn what CAN be changed
 1. Is there something YOU can change before planning a trip? Maybe it's an adjustment of expectations of what a vacation means to you. Or your expectations of your child. Or maybe you can assess the things you need to do to prepare your child for the trip. Or…maybe it's identifying the root of your fears and understanding how they can managed. Simply adopting a "let's have fun no matter what" attitude goes a long way!
 1. Are there things that YOUR CHILD can change before a trip? Is there something you can work on a home to prepare your child for a trip? Recruit the help of people who know and care about your child. Rely on their expertise to draft social stories for the trip, for example. And remember, if you plan a trip a year or more in advance, just know that your child WILL mature in a way you may not quite see yet!
 1. What can YOUR VACATION DESTINATION do for your family? Are there certain days that are better to visit than others? If the accommodations needed for your child don't appear on listed on the website, give them a call. Maybe they can provide those things simply because you ASKED! And don't forget you can rely on a travel agent (like yours truly) to give you advice about certain destinations.
Learn what CAN'T be changed
Autism therapies are designed to alleviate meltdowns or sensory overload or language difficulties. They help the child, the parents, teachers and others who interact with your child in various ways.
But can they actually "cure" autism?
Personally, I don't believe that is possible to ever change the genetic predisposition of a person with autism. But, I'm not getting into THAT debate…
I bring that up to say that it's important to recognize that despite good effort, some issues related to your loved one's autism may not change.
At least at the present moment.
Some therapies may not produce desired results. Some environments may not be conducive to making your child feel safe or you feel at ease. Forcing massive change on your child in order to go on that dream vacation may just not be prudent.
Certain vacation destinations will be more accommodating than others. Some hotels and theme parks are more "autism friendly" than others. Camping is an experience that may require some brief experimentation before an "all-in" investment in equipment.
If your destination does not provide what you need, bring it from home. For example, try out eloping technology at home first to see how it works with your child before using it on vacation.
It helps to know not only how "adaptable" your child is to different environments but also how flexible certain destinations are to the needs of your child.
Wisdom to know the difference
How do you know exactly what you can change and what you cannot?
I recommend talking to other parents with autistic kids.
Pick their brains: Where did they travel? How was the experience? What did they do to plan for their trip? What accommodations did they create at home versus need at the destination?
Their experiences may spark inspiration. Their advice will give you direction and encouragement. While their experiences are their experiences, you can still glean some nugget of insight to help make better decisions.
You can always start a conversation with me! Now that my kids are nearly adults I have become a little wiser along the way. I can never pay back those who helped me through this journey when I started. But I can "pay it forward" to others!
Think "happy thoughts" to overcome your fears
I was just stubborn enough to make sure we traveled as a family despite the fears. I adopted the "do or die" attitude whenever we went somewhere…to the children's museum, to the outdoor historical park, the movies, to the local playground, to the amusement rides at the county fair, etc.
While my kids were young we weaned them into travel experiences. We took mini-vacations or local staycations so they got used to different routines and environments. They developed the skill of "adaptability". Slowly we overcame our fears of traveling considering their special needs.
But after a while, I learned to just "let go" and "jump all in". I was SO ready to behold the castle at Walt Disney World! After a year of watching park planning videos, so were my kids. They were just as excited as I was. And the trip ended up blowing my worries out of the water!
Overcoming Fears of Traveling with Autism through "life lessons"
Will you be part of that 85% that worries over nothing? Or are you that 15% in which what you worry about happens, but the experience made you or your child a better person?
Failure will happen. But you, your child and family will come out braver and stronger than before. If those "big, bad worries" happen on your trip…well, consider it a valuable life lesson.
The more you travel the more you'll reach those "mountain top" experiences of achievement (maybe even accomplish those skills your child been working on for months in therapy).
I have NEVER regretted the time traveling with my autistic kids, not even when they had meltdowns and I was at my wits-end.
I recommend viewing any trip outside the home as an adventure to explore the world and learn new and fascinating things. Life is a journey filled with experiential learning.
Consider making your vacation decisions and planning in light of the wisdom of the "serenity prayer".
And…a joyful, positive attitude goes a long way!
If you need someone to rely on for special needs travel guidance, please consider me. I would love to help you! Just click on this link for a free travel consultation!


Religious Studies | Friendship, Benevolence, and Love
R300 | 23408 | Stalnaker
This course examines the closely related ideas of friendship,
benevolence, and love. Participants will read several mostly
classic works, in various genres, by men and women from different
cultures and eras (Western and East Asian, ancient and modern). The
class is thus an experiment in cross-cultural understanding, and
aims to refine reflection on some of the most important and
potentially fulfilling aspects of human social and religious life.
Questions we will pursue include: What are the varieties of love
and friendship? Is romantic or erotic love a uniquely Western
construction or preoccupation? How does familial love relate to
other forms? Are benevolence and compassion for others natural to
human beings? Could true benevolence require actions that appear to
be cruel? How can personal vices and corrupt social arrangements
deform friendship, benevolence, and love? Is it possible to have a
friendship with God? With the Dao?


Local Attractions of Arusha you should not miss
First-Timers Guide to a Perfect Tanzania Vacation
April 15, 2021
Safari Holiday Guide 2021/2022 by Flightlink
April 15, 2021
Arusha is one of the most beautiful destinations that tourists can visit in Tanzania. The region is lush green, and home to spectacular birds and wildlife. With scenic views of Mount Meru, this heavenly spot is a must-see for travel lovers. Here are some of the top local attractions that travellers should not miss on a trip to Arusha.
 1. Arusha National Park
The most popular attraction of the region is the amazing Arusha National Park, where tourists can enjoy safaris, bird watching, and game viewing. Tourists can spot buffaloes, giraffes, zebras, monkeys, warthogs, bushbucks, elephants, hippopotamus, gazelles, hyenas, apes, woodpeckers, flamingoes, geese, herons, parrots, and eagles! They can go on walking tours, or game drives, or enjoy camping!
 1. Ngurdoto Crater
The swampy Ngurdoto Crater is covered with a dense rainforest, and is a great spot for nature lovers to visit. Tourists can explore the area on foot, and observe the vivid greenery. The crater is home to birds such as hornbills, geese, and herons, as well as animals like warthogs, elephants, buffaloes, colobus monkeys, and hyenas!
 1. Mount Meru
Located about one hour (from car) away from Arusha, Mount Meru is a spectacular spot for tourists to visit. Standing at 4566m, the active volcano is the fifth highest mountain in Africa. Tourists can enjoy the enchanting view, or have an adventurous hiking trip.
 1. Momella Lakes
The Momella Lakes are situated near Arusha, and are named Tulusia, Small Momella, Kusare, Lekandiro, Rishateni, El Kekhotoito, and Big Momella. These seven shallow, alkaline lakes are home to a variety of birds, including flamingoes, pelicans, ducks, herons, and eagles! Tourists can enjoy birdwatching, canoeing, or spotting wildlife such as giraffes, dik diks, waterbucks, and zebras
 1. Tululusia Waterfall
On the slopes of Mount Meru, visitors can find a stunning 28m high waterfall. Tourists can hike up to the spot, and can hear the sound of the gushing water from at least 100m away! The breathtaking spot is filled with greenery, flowers, and lush vegetation. Visitors can find wildlife such as buffaloes, warthogs, and giraffes on their way.
 1. Lake Duluti
The majestic Lake Duluti can be reached after a 30 minute drive from Arusha. The lake is unique, because it used to be a mountain between Mount Meru and Kilimanjaro, but it collapsed and became a crater lake! Visitors can walk around the gorgeous region, look for birds, hike up to the forest, or enjoy a canoeing experience. They can find birds such as ospreys, eagles, egrets, kingfishers, and herons!
 1. Meserani Snake Park
In Arusha, a great local attraction that guests must visit is the unique Meserani Snake Park where guides show dangerous snakes such as the Black or Green Mamba, Puff Adders, and Egyptian Cobra. Visitors can even hold snakes, or baby crocodiles, and learn about them.
 1. Lake Manyara
Tourists can take a day trip to Lake Manyara, which is a 90 minute drive away. At this tranquil location, tourists can relax and observe the stunning flora and fauna, enjoy a picnic, or go on a serene boat tour. They can spot leopards, giraffes, elephants, wildebeests, zebras, lions, blue monkeys, and over 400 bird species including pelicans, flamingos, hornbills, crowned eagles, guinea fowl, egrets, and storks!
 1. Chemka Hot Springs
Chemka Hot Springs are an extraordinary tourist spot where one can enjoy a picnic, relax in the breathtaking scenery, or swim in the hot springs. This geothermal oasis is one of the most glorious tourist spots in Arusha, and is famous because of its unforgettable beauty.
 1. Tarangire National Park
Tourists can take a day trip to the amazing Tarangire National Park, one of the top safari parks of the country. Visitors can enjoy game viewing, bird watching, or wildlife viewing, as they can spot elands, leopards, cheetahs, giraffes, impalas, waterbucks, wild dogs, gazelles, mongooses, badgers, lions, monkeys, and baboons! The park is home to huge herds of elephant herds, and is famous for the extraordinary elephant migration that travellers can witness during their trip!
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text:
Known as contour bias (see this page from the book Universal Principles of Design), rounded corners make objects appear less harsh and more friendly. The book cites the seminal work on contour bias as being this article Humans Prefer Curved Visual Objects by Moshe Bar and Maital Net
However, note that rounded corners are not necessarily the right answer - the book also says:
Objects with pointed features, elicited stronger activations in the
region of the brain related to associative processing, meaning that
although angular objects were less liked they elicited a deeper level
of processing than did the contoured objects - they were in effect,
more interesting and more thought-provoking to look at
So perhaps it is a question of whether you wish content to appear more friendly or more noticeable. As the book continues:
Angular objects are more effective at attracting attention and
engaging thought; contoured objects are more effective at making a
positive emotional and aesthetic impression.
I was thinking about what we find in nature - and subconscious interpretation.
We are preconditioned over time to what we find in the natural world. Curves are more likely found in nature, while square corners are pretty unlikely, and often where they might occur (eg due to fractures, breaks or other forces) they get worn down over time to make a natural curve again. Square corners simply do not have a place in natural world.
For this reason, when we try to create a natural looking page we create rounded corners rather than square corners. This helps the border or the frame to sit more comfortably in the content. However, if we use square corners, those sharper points become more noticeable (the subconscious is hardwired to look for danger and threats).
Square corners start to distance themselves from the content. The result being that square frames are interpreted more as a separate window - providing a view through into the content inside. Little surprise then, that art is hung in a square frame - the frame doesn't get seen as part of the picture - which allows you to see the whole picture unhindered. It's about separation of figure and ground.
For this reason, I'd expect the message inside a square button to be more clearly perceived if inside a square cornered frame than a rounded one. Indeed, a serious message or warning does seem to carry more importance and command more respect in a square shape than a friendly rounded one. And no surprise that even more pointy triangles are used for warning signs.
So - it seems to me that both square and rounded have their place depending on context and how the message is intended to be perceived - whether the message is serious and needs to be presented unhindered for maximum impact, or a natural and organic, friendly and inviting environment is more appropriate.


text:
Classes encapsulate object-specific logic, and they also come in two flavors:
Classes are automatically loaded the first time they're used, so you don't have to worry to include them anywhere.
For example, to create an Image object, just do this anywhere in your code:
$image = new \Cherrycake\Image;
Likewise, to create an object of a class you've created (an App class), just remember to specify our app's namespace instead of
$product = new \CherrycakeApp\Product;
You can also add
use statements at the top of your file so you don't need to prefix class names each time you want to use them, like this:
use Cherrycake;$image = new Image;
The App classes you create must be stores in the
/src directory of your app, and the file name must match the class name, plus the
.php extension. Unlike modules, classes do not need their own directory under
Note that class file names are case-sensitive.


5 Tactical Solutions To 5 Tactical Problems
Building on last month's blog post of "5 Technical Solutions To 5 Technical Problems", it's only fitting that this month we focus on the "5 Tactical Solutions To 5 Tactical Problems". Below are five main issues that we see within the youth game today. The main goal here is to express how important it is to have good tactical awareness in all parts of your game. As you get older, the game starts to become more about soccer IQ and intelligence, and the smarter players begin to take over. Don't get left behind, constantly think about "what's next"!
 1. Awareness – The single biggest tactical issue for me watching youth soccer players play in games and in training is their lack of overall awareness. Let's say that you are playing with a teammate who is on fire the whole game, they are doing everything correctly, their passing is on point, they don't lose the ball on their first touch, and they are constantly pressuring and winning the ball back, and it seems like every decision they make is the right one. I guarantee more than anything in the world, that on that day, your teammate was more aware than everyone else on the field. They were constantly aware of where defenders were, where their teammates were, where to take their first touch, where the open spaces/lanes/channels were, when to shoot, when to take players on, and etc. You get the picture. Moral of the story, they understood more than you, they read the game better than you, and they wanted to be the best more than you, simply because they were more aware of their surroundings at all times. Constantly be looking around the field so you understand everything that is going on. You'll be able to make better decisions. You'll catch yourself, when looking around, asking the following question: "if this happens, then I do this", or "if this happens, then I go here". It's a constant game of "what's next" and the better players are solving those problems on a more consistent basis than everyone else and it's due to one reason. The more aware you are means you will be more informed, and in life, the better informed you are the better decision you can make. Stop reacting to situations and try and see them before they happen. Get your HEAD UP, look around, and solve hypothetical questions, WHEN YOU DON'T HAVE THE BALL!
 2. Positional Relationships – Watching our teams play, our players have a good understanding of what positions they are playing. When you watch an NLSA team play you can tell what formation they are playing. Whether its a 4-3-3, a 4-5-1, or 4-4-2, a fan of that game can pick up on a distinct positional set-up. However, I think our players need to increase their sense of positional relationships (usually the teammates playing in the positions closest to you). For example, the left center back, in a 4-3-3 usually has 5 immediate relationships: the right center back, the left back, the goalkeeper, the center defensive midfielder, and the center midfielder. The left center back should always be spatially aware of their personal spacing between all of these players. Leaving a gap that's too big or too small can ultimately affect your team's ability to keep the ball or invite the other team to attack through your inability to be spatially aware. Regarding these positional relationships you should be constantly asking questions such as: Am I too far away from this player? Am I too close to this player? Am I a good distance to be able to cover behind my teammate? Am I a good distance away so when I receive a pass I have the time and space to make an impact with my next soccer move? Should I be stepping up to close the gaps and be in a good support system? Should I be dropping back because I am too close or too high in relation to the person in front of me or next to me? I truly believe that being able to ask yourself constant questions in relation to your positional relationships will enhance the impact you can make on a game or training session.
 3. Defensive Mindset – I don't think players spend enough time thinking about how to defend to help their team win the ball back. Soccer is the most situational sport on the planet due to the size of the field and the constant decision-making needed. For us, there are three important questions that need to be quickly assessed:
 1. Where Are You On The Field – Knowing if you are in the attacking, midfield, or defensive third will usually help make a decision on how fast to apply pressure. If we are in our attacking third and we lose the ball and most of our team is still up in that space, we pressure the heck out of the ball so we can stop the counter-attack and win the ball as high up the field as possible. If the ball is in the midfield, we apply pressure that allows us to get numbers and team shape behind the ball. If we are in our defensive third, we are winning our 1 on 1 defensive battles, applying high pressure, and forcing the ball into an area where we have good numbers in hopes of winning it back or turning it over
 2. How Is My Team's Current Shape? – Can my team's current spacing/shape withstand a counter-attack? We should be thinking about numbers down situations here. That's really the only question you can ask yourself. It's more about risk assessment here than anything else. And based on your answer to that question, you can decide on the application of the necessary pressure.
 3. How Fast Is This Counter-Attack Coming? – If your team cannot handle the counter, someone needs to pressure the ball to adjust the opponent's decision-making as soon as possible. If you feel your team can handle a counter, then your focus should be getting more numbers behind the ball.
Notice how I never once talked about pressuring to WIN the ball, it's all about applying a level of pressure that's going to affect the opponent's decision-making.
 1. Communication – I firmly believe that communication on a soccer field needs to have two specific pieces of information that can help the decision-making of players around you (both offensively or defensively). Your communication needs to help give players a sense of DIRECTION. Here are a ton of buzzwords that go along with this: turn, through, split, switch, back, behind, right, left, check, feet, wide, forward, diagonal, drop, slide, etc. Your communication needs to also help players UNDERSTAND the pressure around them. Buzzwords that go along with this are: Man on your right/left, man on, watch the runner, time, turn, and etc. It's great to be able to get both of these concepts across during your communication. Your communication should be done WAY BEFORE a player is about to go into a soccer action because by that time, they've already made a decision. For example, if you release a pass, and as you're releasing it you say to your teammate "turn and take your space", the teammate will be more inclined to do the action because they trust you and you gave them that information early enough. The timing of your communication is very important, but when you do give it, make sure it is useful to help your teammate, not hurt them.
 2. When To Move – The last tactical problem that we see a ton of is a player's inability to effectively move to exploit, create, or close space. In today's game, we have too many players that react instead of "reading the game" when the ball is in play. And this concern is on both the attacking and defensive side of the ball. When you are attacking, your movement should be happening when the defender least suspects it, and as you move you use a communicated buzzword that helps the passer know where YOU want the ball. Your movement off the ball also needs to happen when passers can and can't see you. When the passer isn't looking at you, are you moving to bait the defender so that as the passer turns or picks their head up, you then pounce on that opportunity. For example, the ball is on the opposite side of the field and you're the right winger. You sense the ball might start moving this way so you start to backpedal towards your sideline in hopes the defender stays inside or gets dragged out. If the defender starts to drag out while the passer is turning, run in front of the defender's body and say "(insert teammate's name), through". You used initial movement to create initial space from the defender when the ball is NOWHERE near you, or you're not even involved directly in the play yet. You then move in relation to the defender's next decision. If they get dragged out and they leave a gap between themselves and the center back, you exploit that space and tell your teammate what kind of pass to play (through). On the other hand, if the defender does not get dragged out and stays tucked inside, your initial movement off the ball puts you in a good spot to receive the ball so that you can go 1 on 1 with that defender.
My message in this blog is to be aware, figure out ways to read the game, have a better understanding of your defensive mindset, be more direct when communicating with teammates, and the earlier you can move the better. These are all individual "what's next" and "if this, then that" tactical observations that our players can always use help with. Start thinking smarter, earlier than your opponent, and your decision-making will continue to become more consistent.


text:
Swearing Is Good for You
The Amazing Science of Bad LanguageBook - 2017
Did you know that chimpanzees can swear? Or that we do most of our swearing in our first language? Have you ever noticed that swearing is an excellent painkiller?
In delightfully fun and accessible language, backed by riveting historical case studies and the latest cutting-edge research, Dr. Emma Byrne explores the science behind swearing and why bad language might actually be good for us. Swearing, it turns out, is socially and emotionally essential. Not only has some form of swearing been around since the earliest humans began to communicate, but it has been shown to reduce physical pain, prevent violence, help stroke victims recover their language, and help people work together as a team. Swearing Is Good For You is a fascinating and fun look at the new science of bad language.


Did Illegal Wildlife Trade Cause Wild Tigers to Become Extinct in Laos?
Are tigers extinct in Laos?
What researchers did find during a five-year camera survey of the biodiversity-rich Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected Area was evidence of snares — lots and lots of deadly snares, which are designed to trap and kill any animals that stumble across them.
It appears that tigers have now paid the ultimate price for the snaring crisis that plagues Laos and the rest of Southeast Asia.
"Snares are simple to make," said Akchousanh Rasphone, a zoologist with the Wildlife Research Conservation Unit and lead author of the study. "One person can set hundreds or even thousands of snares, which kill indiscriminately and are inhumane for anything that is captured." Most animals killed in snares are destined for Asia's bushmeat markets, although tigers themselves are sought by wildlife traffickers for their valuable furs and body parts.
Illegal wildlife snares in Laos. Bill Robichaud / Global Wildlife Conservation / CC BY 2.0
The loss of tigers in Laos was an avoidable, if not unexpected, tragedy. The most recent worldwide tiger population estimates, released in April 2016, put the number of tigers remaining in the country at all of two. The observation of those last two Laotian tigers came from the first year of the camera survey; they were never seen again — except, in all likelihood, by the trappers who killed them.
"Our team did what we could with our limited resources to conserve the species," said Rasphone. "We did our best despite being defeated by the high international demand in the illegal wildlife trade for this species."
Their deaths continue the slow decline of the Indochinese tiger (Panthera tigris tigris). Today their only healthy populations remain in Thailand, which at last count had about 189 wild tigers. The Indochinese tiger (previously considered its own subspecies) also persists at unsustainable levels in China (about 7 tigers), Vietnam (fewer than 5) and Myanmar (no reliable population count).
Unfortunately, the news of tigers' extirpation in Laos hasn't generated much attention in the country.
"It seemed to spark very little discussion in Laos in terms of how to move things forward with regards to preventing extirpation of more species," said Rasphone. "It occurs to me that the only thing that our government was concerned about was that the study made the country lose face, instead of taking it as a lessons learned and thinking about how not to repeat the same mistakes again for the species of conservation importance that are left."
And that's a big concern, as snaring affects a lot more than just tigers. The researchers also concluded that leopards (Panthera pardus) no longer exist in Laos. The species was last officially observed in the country in 2004, but conservationists had hoped that pocket populations remained in Nam Et-Phou Louey.
In addition, the researchers identified a wide range of large and small animals in snaring hotspots in Nam Et-Phou Louey, including other predators such as dhole (Cuon alpinus) and clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosi), and all appeared to have declining populations. "Based on our recent survey, the largest prey species, guar (Bos gaurus), has already become quite rare," said Rasphone.
So is that it for tigers in Laos? Not necessarily. In theory, if the snaring crisis is ever resolved, the big cats could repopulate Laos from neighboring countries.
And Rasphone said her team still conducts surveys to find evidence "of what is and isn't there." She adds that the government wants additional surveys for both tigers and leopards, "although there isn't funding for that at the moment."
It should also be noted that captive tigers do still exist in Laos. Hundreds of genetically inbred big cats live in the country's illegal and notoriously inhumane tiger farms, where they're raised to be slaughtered and sold for their body parts. Laos has officially promised to shut down these facilities, which have been widely linked to illegal tiger trade, but appears to have made little progress toward that purported goal. In fact, evidence suggests that the Laotian government has actually allowed existing farms to expand and the number of farms to increase.
The state of the country's wild animals remains dire, and Rasphone said her team's study should serve to guide policy in Laos and other nations that still have tiger populations. "In my opinion," she said, "the message of the paper needs to be carried as a lesson to other range countries and also be interpreted locally for the conservation of the remaining populations of species of conservation importance in Laos."
With many experts calling the snaring epidemic an "extinction crisis" for Southeast Asia, the time to heed those lessons grows short.
Reposted with permission from The Revelator.
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Equine Partners, Inc. is also the home of Hakune Matata Pig Farm. We are a small breeder of Kunekune pigs, which are known for their laid-back, docile, brave, and friendly nature.
Hakune Matata Photo Gallery
Fun Facts about Kunekunes
Kunekune pigs reach their full growth at about 5 years old. The females weigh 100-185 pounds and the males weigh 185-250 pounds. They are about 2 feet tall on average and have erect or semi-lop ears; they can have one wattle, two wattles, or no wattles at all under their chins. (The wattles are also called "tassles" or by their Maori name, piri piri.)
They eat grass pasture, grass hay, and pig pellets, and they love whole fresh fruits and vegetables. Kunekune pigs gain weight very easily so we are careful not to overfeed. They are very clean and dislike dirty straw, although they do naturally protect themselves from sunburn, bug bites, and hot weather by coating themselves in clay.
Kunekunes are native to New Zealand and were traditionally raised by the Maori people for meat. In the United States, they are often used for pets and companions, for leaning up weeds and fallen fruit in orchards and vineyards, and for meat. Their gestation period is 3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days.
For more photos, videos, and information about our Kunekunes, please visit Hakune Matata Pig Farm.
- Gilt. A young female pig who has not had a litter.
- Sow. An adult female pig who has given birth to piglets.
- Boar. An adult male pig.
- Stag. A castrated adult male pig.
- Barrow. A castrated male pig who has not yet reached adulthood.


Home / Blog / Claris Connect's Super-power: Webhooks
Claris Connect's Super-power: Webhooks
Claris Connect has one connector that packs an enormous amount of punch: webhooks.
Figure 1: Screenshot of the details for the Webhooks connector
Figure 1: Webhooks connector detail
With a webhook as a Trigger, you can make Claris Connect act as a web service without writing a single line of code.
And with a webhook as an Action in your flow, you can communicate with Cloud apps or on-premise apps that are not covered by the regular Claris Connect connectors.
A webhook does this: If an event happens in System A, then System A will send some data about that event to System B, and it does that over an HTTP connection (typically HTTPS to encrypt the data).
For this to work, System B needs to be listening for HTTPS connections at all times and process the data that is being sent its way.
In essence, System B is a web service, and its URL is configured in System A so that System A knows where to send its data.
Let's walk through an example. You have a FileMaker app where you track your sales, your customers, and their payments.
For your payment processing, you use Authorize.Net, which happens to be a cloud app that is not currently covered by Claris Connect.
You do, however, want to receive notifications when a fraud alert happens with one of the payments. Authorize.Net has an API endpoint to retrieve the list of payments held for potential fraud reasons. You could write a script in your FileMaker app to call that API endpoint and retrieve the list of transactions on a timed schedule. FileMaker is really good at calling APIs and working with the JSON data that it receives from those calls.
But a timed schedule is not real-time enough for your purpose. You want something to happen in your FileMaker app as soon as the Fraud alert happens at Authorize.Net.
Authorize.Net allows you to specify a URL where it can send these notifications as they happen.
Figure 2: Screenshot of Authorize.Net account settings
Figure 2: Authorize.Net Account Settings
So what do you put in that "Endpoint URL" field, that is where Authorize.Net will send the notification and event data.
You could configure the Data API in your FileMaker, which will make your FileMaker Server behave as a web service that you can send data too. But there is a disconnect between what Authorize.Net sends (see Figure 3) and what FileMaker Server expects to receive (see Figure 4). They both have their own JSON dialect if you will. The figure below shows the difference.
Figure 3: Screenshot showing what Authorize.Net sends
Figure 3: What Authorize.Net sends…
Figure 4: Screenshot of what the FileMaker Server Data API expects
Figure 4: …what the FileMaker Server Data API expects
You cannot make Authorize.Net change what they send, and you cannot make FileMaker Server expect a different JSON structure. What this means is that we cannot use the FileMaker Server Data API URL as a webhook for Authorize.Net.
Traditionally this problem would require putting something in the middle, something that can receive the JSON from the sender and transform it into JSON that FileMaker Server can receive. The FileMaker community has created wrappers around the Data API to facilitate this and to allow you to author these middleware web services in whatever web technology you prefer (or that you are mandated to use): JavaScript,.NET, Java, PHP, Ruby, Python, etc. This, of course, requires some level of proficiency in those technologies, and that puts it out of reach for many.
Now, however, you can use Claris Connect to act as the middleman.
Start a new flow in Claris Connect and choose Webhooks as your trigger. It will default to "Incoming HTTP request," which is exactly what we need.
Figure 5: Screenshot of the Webhooks trigger that defaults to Incoming HTTP request
Figure 5: Webhook trigger defaults to "Incoming HTTP Request"
Next, if you have existing webhooks like I do, you will be able to pick from your existing ones, but for this purpose, create a new one.
Figure 6: Screenshot of creating a new webhook
Figure 6: Create a new webhook
Once you give your webhook a meaningful name, Claris Connect will generate a unique URL for it, and that is the URL that you will enter in the Authorize.Net configuration:
Figure 7: Screenshot of generated URL
Figure 7: Unique URL generated by Claris Connect
At this point, Claris Connect expects you to send something to that webhook URL so that it can learn what the structure of what it will receive and make it available to you for the next steps in your flow.
For this, I typically use Postman so that I can test without having to fire an actual event on the Authorize.Net side.
Use the URL from the Claris Connect Webhook and take the JSON example from Authorize.Net to put together the Postman test call.
Figure 8: Screenshot putting together the Postman test call
Figure 8: Postman test call
When you send the request, Claris Connect will confirm that it has received the payload, and you can proceed with the rest of the flow.
Figure 9: Screenshot of confirmation that connection is complete
Figure 9: Confirmation that connection is complete
Select the relevant FileMaker connector for your setup and select the "Create Record" action:
Figure 10: Screenshot with
Figure 10: Select the "Create Record" action
Create a new connection or use the relevant existing one that points to your FileMaker file where the data lives and select a layout that exposes the required fields. You can then select from the elements that the webhook received to fill in your FileMaker fields.
Figure 11. Screenshot of elements that the webhook received
Figure 11: Elements received by the webhook
Once you have confirmed that everything works, you can take the webhook URL and set it up on Authorize.Net.
And that is it.
In a manner of minutes, you have built a fully functional web service that receives data from a cloud app that does not have a pre-built connector. That is the power of webhooks as they are implemented in Claris Connect.
Here's another example of using a Claris Connect webhook (in French from 1-more-thing, using a WordPress site and the WooCommerce plugin).
There are few gotchas of course:
 - You cannot send XML; only JSON can be sent to a Claris Connect webhook. If the other system can only send XML, then you will still need some middle-man web service that you build yourself.
 - Some APIs require you to send a particular HTTP response when you receive a webhook message: for instance, Microsoft's Office 365 API expects an answer with "202 – accepted". Claris Connect can handle that by using a Webhook as the next action in the flow and selecting the required status code.
Figure 12: Screenshot of selecting the required status code
Figure 12: Select the required status code
The "$" character in JSON key names is not accepted by Claris Connect. That means that if the other system sends data like this:
Figure 13: Screenshot of JSON key name
Figure 13: JSON key name
Claris Connect will throw an error and not run your flow. Other characters such as "@" are fine, which is important because the "@" character is used a lot in key names with OData-compatible systems.
The goal for this blog post was to illustrate the tremendous power that comes from being able to consume webhooks and the doors it opens to integrations with a wide variety of systems that support it.
As always, please reach out to us with any questions.
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text: We investigate hydrogen isotope and nuclear quantum effects on geometries and binding energies of small protonated rare gas clusters (Rg X, Rg = He,Ne,Ar, X = H,D,T, and = 1–3) with the any particle molecular orbital (APMO) MP2 level of theory (APMO/MP2). To gain insight on the impact of nuclear quantum effects on the different interactions present in the Rg X systems, we propose an APMO/MP2 energy decomposition analysis scheme. For RgH ions, isotopic substitution leads to an increase in the stability of the complex, because polarization and charge transfer contributions increase with the mass of the hydrogen. In the case of Rg H complexes, isotopic substitution results in a shortening and weakening of the rare gas-hydrogen ion bond. For Rg X complexes, the isotope effects on the rare gas binding energy are almost negligible. Nevertheless, our results reveal that subtle changes in the charge distribution of the Rg X core induced by an isotopic substitution have an impact on the geometry of the Rg X complex. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Benefits of Peak Performance Training
Your big race is in a few days. Or maybe you have a major business presentation coming up, and you have to be fully prepared not to mess up. You have been working hard for the big day, but you still feel like you are not fully equipped psychologically. Your primary aim is to outperform others and yourself, and to achieve this, you must go the extra mile to stay physically, emotionally, and psychologically fit. Luckily, you boost your focus and eliminate fatigue with proper peak performance training. With a reliable New York peak performance trainer, you can sync your body and mind to minimize roadblocks while maximizing results. The exercise trains your brain to respond fast with the correct frequency, offering you the control you need to be better at what you do. If you are skeptical about the idea, here are the top benefits and reasons to try peak performance therapy.
Boost Your Body Energy
Work without rest can adversely impact your performance. It will drain you and leave you with little energy. You have probably been working out tirelessly for the upcoming competitions, and now you have no energy left to take you through the big day. Peak performance training focuses on improving brainwave frequency. This, in return, helps you take advantage of each opportunity with more focus and less energy. The training ensures that your body energy is not sacrificed as you attempt to improve performance.
Allows You to Connect With Your Body and Mind
Training is all about balancing your body and mind. This is the key to improving focus and performance. When done correctly, the therapy provides you optimum control over your body and mind, precisely what you need for peak performance. You get to engage your body and brain, thus maximizing results. The exercise creates a partnership or connection between the two major areas. This increases focus and helps you accomplish your goals with ease and without wasting energy.
Maximize Concentration
You cannot easily win a competition or crush that project presentation if your brain struggles to focus. Your state of mind will significantly determine your level of performance, and that is where peak performance training comes in to improve focus and filter out any distractions that hinder you from the task at hand. With improved concentration, you can make sound decisions and react faster, and in return, perform better. The therapy boosts the brain wave's frequency to protect you from overexerting yourself.
Peak performance therapy comes in different forms, but they are geared towards the same goal. The primary goal is to improve your performance, but the exercise can also help you overcome anxiety and fear of failure, maximize creativity, and improve communication. It is also recommended for individuals with back pain and mobility issues. If done correctly, peak performance therapy may also help to prevent future injuries. For a reliable peak performance specialist who will take you through the exercises for maximum results, contact Thriving Center of Psychology today.


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With the town and county both considering construction in the Pagosa skyrocket critical habitat the state is ahead of the game protecting the plant.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has designated 50,635 acres as critical habitat for three wildflowers it considers threatened or endangered, offering them some protection from construction or energy development. There are 9,641 acres designated for the endangered Pagosa skyrocket.
Recently Alison Rohwer was spotted doing a skyrocket survey along Hwy 84. She marks each one with an orange flag. The CDOT now requires a survey in the right of way for any new construction and digging.
When public land is designated critical habitat for various species, federal agencies must consult with the Fish and Wildlife Service when projects or activities may affect those species.
The Pagosa skyrocket (Ipomopsis polyantha) is a rare plant, endemic to Mancos shale soils, and found only in and around Pagosa Springs in Archuleta County, Colorado. Plants are between 1 and 2 feet tall, with deeply divided leaves, and have showy white flowers flecked with purple dots. The plant is a biennial, surviving for one to many years as a rosette before flowering and dying. The plant is currently known from only three populations (most within 4 square miles) and predominantly on private lands (over 75% of occupied/suitable habitat) with no protection. Plants not on private lands are found mostly on highway right-of-ways (ROWs). Highway ROWs constitute 12 percent of occupied/suitable habitat combined, and 50 percent of occupied habitat. Roadsides are currently less disturbed than adjacent private lands where grazing, landscaping, and building destroy plants and seed banks.
Mary Goshorn came down from the front range with her family at the end of July to collect seeds of Ipomopsis polyantha for a germination study at the Denver Botanical Garden.
Development of Propagation, Transplanting, and Introduction Protocols – The majority of rare plant transplanting and species introduction programs are unsuccessful. However, a close relative of Pagosa skyrocket, scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata) is widely available in the horticultural industry and is notoriously easy to grow. A well researched and thoughtful grow-out effort is highly likely to be successful for Pagosa skyrocket. As a first step, a conservation genetics study will be conducted to guide introduction efforts. We propose here to research through greenhouse and in situ (on site) studies how best to germinate and grow plants; and to study in the field the best transplanting techniques and develop protocols for these activities.


A. Borgida and P. F. Patel-Schneider (1994) "A Semantics and Complete Algorithm for Subsumption in the CLASSIC Description Logic", Volume 1, pages 277-308
PDF | PostScript | doi:10.1613/jair.56
This paper analyzes the correctness of the subsumption algorithm used in CLASSIC, a description logic-based knowledge representation system that is being used in practical applications. In order to deal efficiently with individuals in CLASSIC descriptions, the developers have had to use an algorithm that is incomplete with respect to the standard, model-theoretic semantics for description logics. We provide a variant semantics for descriptions with respect to which the current implementation is complete, and which can be independently motivated. The soundness and completeness of the polynomial-time subsumption algorithm is established using description graphs, which are an abstracted version of the implementation structures used in CLASSIC, and are of independent interest.
Click here to return to Volume 1 contents list


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St. Albert of Magdeburg
Feastday: June 20
A monk of St. Maximin Benedictine monastery in Treves, Albert was sent by Emperor Otto the Great to convert the Russian subjects of Princess Olga at her request after she became a Christian in Constantinople at 70 years of age. When Olga's son Svyatoslav, a pagan, took the crown from her in 961, the missionaries were forced to flee, and some were killed near Kiev. Albert escaped, spent four years at the imperial court in Mainz, and then was made abbot of Weissenburg Abbey, where he became known as a patron of learning. In 962, at Otto's insistence, he was named first archbishop of Magdeburg, Saxony, with jurisdiction over the Slavs. He spent the rest of his life trying to spread Christianity among the Wends and reforming religious groups in his diocese. He died on a visit to Merseburg.


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Blinking May Let Your Brain Rest
It's been known for some time that when people blink it's to moisten their eyeball. It's something the body does without us thinking about it. New research in Japan suggests blinking does more than that by putting the brain in a temporary 'safe' mode like a computer does. Volunteers watched 'Mr. Bean' videos and observed blinking and results showed when people blink the brain went in to a default mode which is usually used for daydreaming.
When subjects had to focus more, another region of the brain took over, the attention network. Researchers concluded that involuntary blinking causes your attention to disengage for a few seconds.


a small amount of structure (e.g. the map of argument-names to serialized-values) left behind. Exactly how you get the Request object from the Client to the Server (HTTP, TCP, etc.) and the response-data back is up to you as long as you can give Autowire a Future[PickleType] in exchange for its Request.
If you still don't fully understand, and need help getting something working, take a look at the complete example.
Error Handling
Assuming that your chosen serialization library behaves as intended, Autowire only throws exceptions when de-serializing data. This could come from many sources: data corrupted in transit, external API users making mistakes, malicious users trying to pen-test your API.
Autowire's de-serialization behavior is documented in the errors it throws:
package autowire
trait Error extends Exception
object Error{
 * Signifies that something went wrong when de-serializing the
 * raw input into structured data.
 * This can contain multiple exceptions, one for each parameter.
 case class InvalidInput(exs: Param*) extends Exception with Error
 sealed trait Param
 object Param{
 * Some parameter was missing from the input.
 case class Missing(param: String) extends Param
 * Something went wrong trying to de-serialize the input parameter;
 * the thrown exception is stored in [[ex]]
 case class Invalid(param: String, ex: Throwable) extends Param
These errors are not intended to be end-user-facing. Rather, as far as possible they are maintained as structured data, and it us up to the developer using Autowire to decide how to respond (error page, logging, etc).
Autowire only provides custom error handling on the server side, since there are multiple arguments to validate/aggregate. If something goes wrong on the client during de-serialization, you will get the exception thrown from whichever serialization library you're using.
Autowire supports interface methods with default values. When a RPC call's arguments are left out in favor of defaults, Autowire omits these arguments entirely from the pickled request, and evaluates these arguments on the server when it finds them missing from the request instead of throwing an Error.Param.Missing like it would if that particular parameter did not have default.
Why Autowire
The motivation for Autowire is the fact that Ajax requests between client-side Javascript and server-side something-else has historically been a point of fragility and boilerplate, with problems such as:
 - Being stringly-typed and impossibile to statically analyze
 - Prone to getting broken due to typos and incomplete refactoring
 - Needing reams of boilerplate to pickle/unpickle data structures on both ends
 - Using callbacks all over the place, confusing future developers
Autowire aims to solve all these problems:
 - Ajax calls using Autowire are statically checked just like the rest of your program. For example, typos are immediately spotted by the compiler:
[error] /Client.scala:104: value fastOp is not a member of fiddle.Api
[error] Client[Api].fastOp(editor.code).call()
[error] ^
 - Similarly, since Autowire RPC calls are (at least superficially) just method calls, things like find-usages, rename-all, and other such tools all work flawlessly across these calls.
 - Autowire deals directly with Futures; this means that it plays nicely with the rest of the Scala ecosystem, including tools such as async and await, while making it much easier for future developers to reason about than callback soup.
// endpoint definition
def completeStuff(txt: String, flag: String, offset: Int): List[(String, String)]
// somewhere else inside an 'async' block
val res: List[(String, String)] = {
 await(Client[Api].completeStuff(code, flag, intOffset).call())
 - Also shown in the example above, serialization and deserialization of data structures is handled implicitly. Thus you can call functions which return non-trivial structures and receive the structured data directly, without having to fiddle with JSON or other ad-hoc encodings yourself.
Autowire can only serialize and deserialize things that the chosen serialization library can. For example, if you choose to go with uPickle, this means most of the immutable data structures in the standard library and case classes, but circular data structures aren't supported, and arbitrary object graphs don't work.
Autowire does not support method overloading and type parameters on the interfaces/traits used for making the RPCs.
Apart from that, Autowire is a pretty thin layer on top of any existing serialization library and transport layer, and does not project much functionality apart from routing. It is up to the developer using Autowire to decide how he wants to transport the serialized data back and forth, how he wants to respond to errors, etc.
To see a simple example involving a ScalaJS client and Spray server, check out this example:
 - Cross-publish for Scala 2.12 and 2.13
 - Update to Scala-js 1.0.0+
 - Fix deprecated references
 -.call()s now wrap the endpoint using Future() instead of Future.successful, which means exceptions now get caught and propagated inside the Future rather than blowing up the call stack
 - Cross-publish for Scala 2.12.0


Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
Why do we close our eyes when we kiss? This, certainly, is one of the contemporary age's questions that are left unanswered. In addition to the undeniable fact that it could put your passionate companion off in the event that you maintain your eyes continuously available while you smooch, a possible answer might stay inside a new research on human senses.
Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
This specific research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, proves the understanding of our sense of touch depends upon the perceptual load at that time – that's, just how much info our eyes are experiencing to process those in our brains. Which means that our eyes occasionally shut to be able to boost our sense of touch.
The press most importantly have usually obtained this to imply that our eyes shut to be able to concentrate on the task available during kissing. Sadly, there's one significant problem with this: the research actually has nothing to do with kissing.
Throughout the research, individuals were designated numerous visible duties, as well as their sense of touch was measured at the same time. As the topics needed to finish notice-looking duties of varying difficulties, additionally they needed to react to little vibrations which were being put on one of their hands.
Why Do We Close Our Eyes When We Kissed?
The scientists mentioned that their understanding of the vibrations reduced as their eyes were compelled to work to accomplish the tasks, recommending our feeling of contact is reduced when our eyes are taking with growing emphasis in the world around them.
These results could explain why we close our eyes when we want to focus attention on another sense. Shutting out the visual input leaves more mental resources to focus on other aspects of our experience," according to Dr. Polly Dalton, a senior lecturer in cognitive psychology at Royal Holloway, University of London.
This summary was enough to trigger many to determine that this applies to kissing, however the study doesn't mention the act once.
Therefore for the time being, in terms of making out with our eyes shut, it may be good to think about the question unanswered.
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text:
For this question, we are allowed to assume the following is true and has been proven:
Let A,B R and p R. Prove that p is an accumulation point of A B if and only if p is an accumulation point of A or p is an accumulation point of B: (A B)'=A' B'.
Now since we assumed the above is true,
Conclude that the closure of a union is the union of the closures:
(A B)^cl=A^cl B^cl. How would I go about proving this?