text:
Yes. Believe it! This translucent concrete, made by Porjoel Sosa and Sergio Omar Galvan (students at UAM in Mexico), is 30% lighter and has the same strenght, consistency and resistance as regular concrete, while allowing 80% light transmittance.
The inventors are not willing to reveal the materials used yet, since is being patented, but it is possibly a mixture of glass fibers, crushed stone, cement and water.
If a classical building was built in these modern materials…can it still be classified as a classical building?
This is Ghost House designed by Japanese architecture firm Datar. Instead of creating a traditional Japanese house, they chose to exaggerate the building's ghostly silhouette, presenting a mute character. Scale less from the outside, the house has three levels with a complex set of ramps and steps. The house was Commended at the 2007 AR Awards For Emerging Architecture.
Open House: Intelligent Living by Design
Vitra Design Museum and Art Center College 2005-06
Jellyfish House is modeled on the idea that, like the sea creature, it coexists with its environment as a set of distributed, networked senses and responses. Jellyfish have no brain, no central nervous system, no eyes, and consist largely of the water around them. Yet, they sense light and odor, are self-propulsive, bioluminescent and highly adaptive to changing aquaculture. Like jellyfish, the house attempts to incorporate emerging material and digital technologies in a reflexive, environmentally contingent manner. The house is designed as a mutable layered skin, or 'deep surface', that mediates internal and external environments. The skin is designed as a parametric mesh that uses efficient geometric logics of Delauney triangulation and the Voronoi diagram. It deforms in thickness locally for geometric, structural, visual, and mechanical performance.
The house is a transformative prototype for reclaimed land. Specifically, it is sited on Treasure Island, a flat, artificial island built off the naturally occurring island of Yerba Buena in the middle of the San Francisco Bay. Treasure Island is at once local and distant, isolated and connected. It has recently been decommissioned by the military, and is being redeveloped largely for new residences. Like many former military bases, Treasure Island suffers from a range of environmental hazards. The most geographically desirable parts of the island have toxic soil that requires remediation. In these areas, the particular hazardous materials necessitate that up to five feet of topsoil be removed for cleansing. In other areas, the contaminated soil can be treated on site using plant based phyto-remediation techniques. The proposed site strategy is to infiltrate the island with sinuous fields of wetlands that allow the removed soil to not have to be replaced, and remediate the remaining toxins. In addition, the wetlands act as a filtration system for the island, becoming a form of productive infrastructure that naturally filters stormwater run-off.
Jellyfish House taps into this water filtration strategy at the scale of the house. It captures, stores and filters rain and gray water for use in the home. For the water filtration system, the exterior surface geometry directs rainwater from the roof, and stores it below grade for future use. The water is filtered through cavities in the skin coated with titanium dioxide and exposed to ultraviolet light. The titanium dioxide absorbs the otherwise harmful UV rays, allowing only the blue, visible light to emerge, resulting in a softly glowing structure during the filtration process.
Jellyfish House combines this system with latent heating and cooling using phase change materials layered into the skin. Conceived as a largely transparent fluid filled 'water jacket', areas of the skin pattern and thickness transform to become quilted baffles that contain hydrated salt, a form of salt water. This material fluctuates between solid and liquid states heating or cooling the surrounding air.
The skin of Jellyfish House combines structure and envelope with these physical infrastructures. What unites them conceptually is that they create an ambient experience in the home that reveals the work of the skin in largely a peripheral manner. In this regard, the project expands upon aspects of 'calm', or ambient, technology that suggests the digital realm will ultimately recede to the background of our spaces and lived experience. The project revisits the digital and the material by cultivating this latent technological relationship while still offering a productive, non-naturalized awareness of the forces at work around us.
proces2: Digital modeling and rendering consultant
Martin Bechthold: Structural consultant for finite element analysis
PHOTO CAPTION: "Although totally blind, M.F. Jones of Tampa, Fla., remodeled his large five room home into a modern building consisting of eight apartments. He did all carpentry work unaided."
TEXT: "Overcoming the handicap of being blind, M.F. Jones, of Tampa, Florida, remodeled an entire house unaided. One of the features of the job was the removal of an enclosed stairway and the rebuilding of it on an outside porch. Before losing his sight, Mr. Jones had been a construction foreman."
So, let me explain the thoughts that led me to find this article…
So, I've been thinking about an imaginary client that I might undertake for my re-do of the residential project I did last semester. I hope my Universal Design professor's gonna let me do this…though I know nothing about the structure of the class yet. I think it might be a really interesting challenge! So I jsut googled "houses for the blind" and I came across this article.
I don't know how M.F. did it, but I applaud him. I don't even know if I actually believe the article…but I imagine, if he designed the house himself, it would be easier for him to go around his house.
What challenges could there be in designing a house for someone who is blind?
What creative solutions can be brought to the table in a design problem like this?
As I watched Will Smith's "Seven Pounds", I was enamored by the character's pet jellyfish. It made me want to know more about it, and then I came across this:
Turritopsis nutricula is a hydrozoan with a life cycle in which it reverts to the polypsexually mature. It is the only known case of a metazoan(Piraino et al. 1996, p. 302). It does this through the cell development process of transdifferentiation. Theoretically, this cycle can repeat indefinitely, rendering it effectively immortal. stage after becoming capable of reverting completely to a sexually immature, colonial stage after having reached sexual maturity as a solitary stage


text:
A Gregor's Mat is a terrestrial colonial mat-like organism, made of trillions of amoeba-like cells from the Orion's Arm Universe.
During the sporing season the individual amoebas that make up a Mat will combine to form a single super-organism that may reach several square kilometers in size (the largest was 6,700 km2). They will remain in this state for weeks before dispersing or attenuating. However, some Mats may last for months. Mats will, in this state, show emergent behavioral properties beyond that of individual amoebas, but they are not considered sapient or even sub-sapient.
Gregor 23 was an explorational relativistic Von Neumann probe and poet-theologian that cataloged some 504 stars and planetary systems, some of which included extremophile prokaryote ecosystems (this was the only one with a rich ecosystem). Its last known message was received in 10035 AT. Claims that succumbed to things like pirates or enemy spacecraft can be safely discarded.
The Gregor's Mat comes from a Garden World called Euripedes Mey (YTS 102483210-IV). Near M48, it was first explored by a relativistic Von Neumann Probe called Gregor 23 during the early Second Federation Period. The ecosystems on Euripedes Mey are mostly solitary and colonial protistoid. Although about 58,000 species have been recorded, there are no multicellular animals (the Gregor's Mat being the most complex). However, multicellular plants are common but of a simpler grade than Terran plants. These include dense thickets of Land Kelp, Higgirt Moss and several thousand other species which flourish in the moist valleys and lowlands. The drier uplands are devoid of anything other than microbial life.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Principales propositions issues de la recherche
Boukharaeva L., Marloie M. L'utilisation des sols urbains et péri urbains pour le développement humain durable des villes.
Rapport de recherche pour le programme GESSOL 3 du Ministère de l'Ecologie, du Développement Durable, des Transport et du Logement.
Avril 2013. FMSH, Paris, 194 p.
Le rapport dans son intégralité.../images/news/images/document/C2.pdf
La synthèse du rapport.../images/news/images/document/C3.pdf
SUMMARY in english
The report presents the results of the research program entitled "The use of urban and suburban soils for sustainable development of cities". This program follows upon a project submitted by Louiza Boukharaeva and Marcel Marloie further to the call for proposals GESSOL 3 "Soils and sustainable development" of 25/09/2008. It was the object of an agreement signed in September, 2009 by the Ministry of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and the Sea (MEEDDM) and the Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme (FMSH).
 The research aims to develop proposals for use of urban and suburban soils in order to be more sustainable on the social and environmental plan than currently dominant practices in France, particularly the suburban model.
It bears centrally on the study of collective urban gardening of Russia and France, and to a lesser extent in other countries of the European Union and Brazil. This sector of activity is approached from the theory of urban agriculture. It is historically contextualized and put in touch with the problems of unequal access to urban soils and nature, the environment, poverty and urban violence. It is processed in order to estimate its size and its functions. The Russian example serves as a mirror to read French and West European reality. It encourages reflection on the limitations of the current injunction: "build the city on the city", which aims to fight against the urban sprawl, but may increase the problems of inequality, poverty and urban violence.
Research in Russia show that the sector affects between half and two-thirds of the citizens and fills multiple functions: food, holiday resort, extension of the urban habitat, fender crisis and strengthening social resilience. This is not a legacy of the rural past or a singularity of the Soviet regime, condemned to disappear with it, but a social conquest and the invention of a specific model of the relationship between citizen and nature.
With regard to this phenomenon, France appears marked by profound inequalities in the access to urban soils and nature. The collectives of family gardens stemming from workers allotment gardens are small, disadvantaged by insecurity in land use, by a symbolic treatment of the margin of poverty, and the prohibition to evolve towards shelter houses where it would be possible to stay on weekends and holidays.
The shared gardens, of insertion, educational, therapeutic, and the new generation of family gardens are an open-air laboratory where invent new models that will reach their full meaning only by a change of scale. From the point of view of the objectives of GESSOL program, it is an alternative to suburban model that would have the double advantage of helping to stop the destructive soil sprawl and promote a garden activity who, properly driving, improves their fertility.
So we are in a period where public policy should see far and wide. It is not a question of copying what is made somewhere else but invent from the open-air laboratory and of the foreign references. The research brings elements showing that it is possible to change the quantitative scale to convert agricultural land to urban gardening. It identifies information and provide guidance for further institutionalization of this sector in overcoming blind spots of the statistical device, creating a new status of soils and potential gardeners, encouraging structuring actors and new solidarity between urban and rural, changing economic calculations to take into account non-market services (particularly in terms of health economics and recreation ) to assess the potential importance of this sector of activity in the national economy.
Keywords : Urban Agriculture - Brazil - Urban Challenge - France - Gardens - Multifunctional – Russia
Le programme GESSOL du Ministere de l'Ecologie, du Developpement Durable, des Transports et du Logement
 En réponse à la pression croissante exercée par l'homme sur les sols, le ministère en charge de l'écologie initie en 1998 le programme de recherche GESSOL "Fonctions environnementales et GEStion du patrimoine SOL". Ce programme a ainsi pour objectif de structurer une communauté de recherche sur la gestion des sols, de fournir aux décideurs publics et aux usagers des sols des connaissances et des outils opérationnels pour évaluer, surveiller, gérer, voire améliorer la qualité des sols, qu'ils soient naturels, agricoles ou urbains.
Ce programme GESSOL a participé au financement de 46 projets de recherche.
Ouvrage de synthèse aux Editions Quae Chapitre sur "Sols et citadins"


Ideas in Geometry/Instructive examples/Section 1.2 problem
From Wikiversity
Jump to navigation Jump to search
y=x^20-23x+4 at point x=0 f(x)=x^20-23x+4 f(x) is the slope of tangent line of this equation f(x)=20x^19-23 through calculus we that f(x)=x^a+....... (f^/)(x)=(a(x)^a-1)+...... f^/(x)is the slope of f(x) that is proven
f(x)=20x^19-23 at x=0 f(x)=(20(0)^19)-23 f(x)=-23 means the slope is -23 at x=0 y=0^20-23(0)+4 y=4
y=mx+b tangent line equation y=4 m=-23 x=0 4=-23(0)+b 4=b
so the equation is...... y=-23x+4 of the tangent line


text:
Pub. date: 2010 | Online Pub. Date: November 23, 2010 | DOI: 10.4135/9781412959193 | Print ISBN: 9781412959186 | Online ISBN: 9781412959193| Publisher:SAGE Publications, Inc.About this encyclopedia
Athens, Lonnie: Interaction and Violence
Yu-Hsu (Gail) Hsiao
Lonnie Athens—the "maverick criminologist" (Rhodes, 1999)—grew up in a violent environment and was a victim of domestic violence. Thus, it may not be surprising that Athens developed an interest in criminology and believed that he could make some contributions in the studies of violence. Athens was determined to find the key to unlock the mystery of why some people act violently and how dangerous violent criminals are created (Rhodes, 1999). Athens entered the field of criminology in the late 1960s to the 1970s. During that time, many criminological theories were published. Marvin Wolfgang and Franco Ferracuti, based on their examinations of social environmental factors, developed the subculture of violence theory. They acknowledged that the subculture of violence usually exists in the lower socio-economic class, and the members of the subculture internalize violence as the common attitude and norm to resolve disputes (Athens, 1992). In addition, Sarnoff Mednick, a bio-social criminologist,...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
istic electrons at and we can conclude that the FQHE gaps in the first Landau level, should be smaller then the corresponding gaps in the zeroth Landau level,.
The behavior of the pseudopotentials for the relativistic electrons in the higher Landau levels is similar to that of the relativistic ones. The exception is the properties of the pseudopotential in the first Landau level,. We notice in Fig. 1 that the pseudopotentials in the first Landau level () is larger than the corresponding pseudopotentials in the zeroth Landau level,, for all values of the relative angular momentum, i.e.. The pseudopotential in the Landau level is also a monotonic function of. This is different from the non-relativistic case. Another important property of the pseudopotential of the relativistic system is that the ratio is the smallest in the first Landau level,. In Fig. 2 we present the results for the pseudopotentials of the relativistic system in the lowest Landau levels. From this figure we can also see that the ratio is the smallest for. Based on this property of we can conclude that the largest gap of the 1/3-FQHE state should be expected in the first Landau level,. Therefore the FQHE in the relativistic system should be easier to observe in the first Landau level, but not in the zeroth Landau level as in the case of the non-relativistic electrons.
Due to the presence of both the spin and the valley degeneracies the graphene system becomes more complicated than the standard non-relativistic electron system, where only the spin degree of freedom is present. In a magnetic field the spin degeneracy can be lifted due to the Zeeman energy, leaving the Landau levels of the graphene system doubly degenerate due to the valley index. Mathematically, the system then becomes equivalent to a double layer non-relativistic system, where the valley index is the layer index. Usually, in the double-layer system there is an asymmetry in the interaction Hamiltonian. This means that the interaction strength between the electrons in the same layers is different from that in different layers. This is due to a finite separation between the layers. Comparing this property of a double layer system to the graphene system we can say that the graphene system is a double-layer system with zero separation between the layers. So the system is completely SU(2)-pseudospin symmetric, where the pseudospin is associated with the valley index. But this is not entirely true. There is an asymmetry in the graphene system as well. One of the types of asymmetry is related to the lattice structure of graphene — the interaction between the electrons in the same sublattice is stronger than the interaction between the electrons in different sublatticesfisher06.
To estimate the corrections due to the asymmetry related to the lattice structure of graphene we assume that the electrons are localized at the discrete points corresponding to the lattice structure of the graphene. Then the interaction matrix element,, between the single-electrons states,, can be expressed in the following form
where the index in the wavefunction indicates collectively the Landau level, valley, sublattice, and intra-Landau level indices. The sums in (7) run over the discrete positions of the electrons corresponding to one of the sublattices of graphene. In the continuum limit the sums should be replaced by the integral. Since two sublattices of graphene are shifted by the vector, in the continuum limit the expression for the interaction matrix element between the states belonging to different sublattices should contain not the but. This introduces the difference in the interaction strength between the electrons in the same sublattice and in different sublattices. In terms of the pseudopotentials this means that if the pseudopotential is calculated between the states of different sublattices then in the expression (4) should contain an additional factor and the integral over should be replaced by the 2D integral over.
In the zeroth Landau level,, the electrons in the valley occupy sublattice only, while the electrons in the valley occupy sublattice. Then the pseudopotentials corresponding to the interaction between the electrons belonging to the same valley are given by the expression (4) without any modifications. The expression for the pseudopotentials corresponding to the interaction between the electrons in the different valleys should contain an additional factor and can be written as
Since the asymmetric correction is proportional to a small parameter.
In the higher Landau levels the electrons in the valleys and occupy both sublattices and. This results in the form factor of in Eq. (4). The coefficients and belong to different sublattices. This can be schematically presented in the following form: (i) for the intravalley interaction, we have
and (ii) for the intervalley interaction,
Then following the same procedure as for the Landau level we obtain the expressions for the pseudopotentials in the higher Landau levels as
Similar to the zeroth Landau level the asymmetry correction in Eq. (13) is proportional to a small parameter.
Since the Coulomb interaction between the electrons in graphene does not conserve the valley index there is an other mechanism for violation of the SU(2) valley symmetry of the graphene system. This mechanism is related to the inter-valley scattering. In the lowest order in the small parameter the main scattering process is the backscatteringgoerbig06. During this process the electron from the valley is scattered into the valley, while the electron from the valley is scattered into the valley. The interaction matrix elements corresponding to this process are determined by the pseudopotentials (4) where the Coulomb interaction in the integral should be replaced by. Here. Therefore the pseudopotentials describing the backscattering process are given by the expression
The leading order term in can be found by simply replacing by.
ii.1.3 FQHE in graphene
With the pseudopotentials for Dirac electrons at hand, we now evaluate numerically the energy spectra of the many-electron states at the fractional fillings of the Landau level. The calculations have been done in the spherical geometryhaldane with the pseudopotentials given by Eq. (4). In the spherical geometry the radius of the sphere is related to of magnetic fluxes through the sphere in units of the flux quanta as. Here is an integer number. The single-electron states are characterized by the angular momentum, and its component,. Therefore, at a given magnetic field, i.e for a given flux, the number of available states in a sphere is. Then for a given number of electrons the parameter determines the filling factor of the Landau level. Due to the spherical symmetry of the problem, the many-particle states are described by the total angular momentum and its component, while the energy depends only on. The energy spectra of a many-particle system is found by the standard procedure of calculating numerically the lowest eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the interaction Hamiltonian matrixfano.
It was shown in the previous section that based on the analysis of the Haldane pseudopotentials we can conclude that the FQHE states in graphene should have the largest gaps in the Landau level. Here we check this statement for incompressible states. In the spherical geometry, such states are realized at. The state in the higher -th Landau level is defined as a state corresponding to the filling factor of the -th Landau level, while all the lower energy Landau levels are completely occupied. If the electron system is fully spin and valley polarized then we should expect that the ground state to be the Laughlin statelaughlin ; fqhe_book which is separated from the excited states by a finite gap.
In Fig. 3(a) the calculated energy spectra are shown for the -FQHE state and for different Landau levels. Since the relativistic pseudopotentials,, for Landau level is similar to that of non-relativistic case, the state and the corresponding energy gap will be the same in both cases. The deviation from the non-relativistic system occurs at the higher Landau levels. From Fig. 3(a) we can clearly see that the energy gap of the -state at the Landau level is enhanced when compared to that of the Landau level. At higher Landau levels, i.e., for, the excitation gaps are suppressed, which means that at the Landau level the electron system in graphene has the strongest interaction with the largest incompressible gap gr-fqhe. This is different from the non-relativistic case, where the energy gap monotonically decreases with increasing Landau level indexfqhe_book. At other filling factors of the type we should also expect the same increase of the energy gaps at the Landau levels. The effect is however not as pronounced as for since at smaller filling factors the pseudopotentials with a larger relative angular momentum,, becomes important, for which the difference between the pseudopotentials at and Landau levels is small [see Fig. 2]. This behavior is illustrated in Fig. 3(b), where the results for the state are shown. We can see that the difference between the excitation spectra at and Landau levels is much smaller for this filling factor.
The results shown in Fig. 3 correspond to the fully spin and valley polarized systems. This polarization is achieved at a high magnetic field due to the Zeeman splitting and the valley asymmetry. It is well known that even without the Zeeman energy the ground state of the non-relativistic system at is fully spin-polarizedfqhe_book ; fqhe_review with the spin equal to, where is the number of


text:
Tata teams up with Aussies for India's first floating solar plant
The pilot project, which is due to start operations by the end of the year, is based on a Sunengy patented Liquid Solar Array (LSA) technology which uses traditional concentrated photovoltaic technology - a lens and a small area of solar cells that tracks the sun throughout the day, like a sunflower
LSA inventor and Sunengy executive director and chief technology officer, Phil Connor, said that when located on and combined with hydroelectric dams, LSA provides the breakthroughs of reduced cost and "on demand" 24/7 availability that are necessary for solar power to become widely used.
Floating the LSA on water reduces the need for expensive supporting structures to protect it from high winds. The lenses submerge in bad weather and the water also cools the cells which increases their efficiency and life-span.
According to Connor, hydro power supplies 87 percent of the world's renewable energy and 16 percent of the world's power but is limited by its water resource. He said an LSA installation could match the power output of a typical hydro dam using less than 10 percent of its surface area and supply an additional six to eight hours of power per day. Modeling by Sunengy shows that a 240 MW LSA system could increase annual energy generation at the Portuguese hydro plant, Alqueva, by 230 percent.
"LSA effectively turns a dam into a very large battery, offering free solar storage and opportunity for improved water resource management," said Connor. "If India uses just one percent of its 30,000 square kilometers of captured water with our system, we can generate power equivalent to 15 large coal-fired power stations."
Construction of the pilot plant in India will commence in August 2011. Sunengy also plans to establish a larger LSA system in Australia's Hunter Valley by mid-2012 before going into full production.


text:
I'm relatively new to circuit-building, but I'm involved in a school project where I need to build an ECG machine. I found the application article in the website: _URL_ that talks exactly about this. I have access to DrDAQ, which worked well for me. However, I have a few questions about the article:
1. I'd like to test the circuit using a wave generator because of the safety-issues related to the project. I was wondering what changes I would have to make in order to accomplish this.
2. The article says it used RG174 coaxial cables with lemo connectors, but how did they connect these to the electrodes?
3. The block diagram of the circuit shows a putton labeled "pot". I may have overlooked something in the text, but what exactly does that button do?
Any help is greatly appreciated.


text:
A collaborative effort of the Arbor Day Foundation and Dimensions Educational Research Foundation, the mission of the Nature Explore program is to connect children with nature.
Today, children are more disconnected from nature than ever, more likely to spend idle time watching television indoors than running and playing outdoors. If current trends continue, the next generation will enter adulthood facing greater health challenges, inferior social skills and a diminished conservation ethic.
These well-designed outdoor spaces provide real-world evidence of the enormous benefit outdoor learning opportunities provide for children.
In urban areas where residents have limited access to nature and no backyards, places like Five Towns Child Care Center in Inwood, N.Y., or the Hooper Avenue Elementary School in Los Angeles, Calif., have built Nature Explore Classrooms to provide children and families with a safe place to spend time among grass, flowers, and trees, where children can explore, play, and learn nature's many lessons.
There are currently more than a hundred certified Nature Explore Classrooms across the United States and Canada, and the list continues to grow. As the network of Nature Explore Classrooms expands, the impact on children is also growing. More children are developing meaningful connections with nature, instilling a lifelong sense of wonder and imagination.
Help connect more youths to the environment by sharing the 2013 Nature Explore PSA and spreading the word about the many benefits children experience when interacting with nature.
TV stations and networks can request the PSAs (:60, :30, :20, :15, :10) in your preferred format by emailing Sean Barry at _EMAIL_.
Watch the 2013 Nature Explore PSA below:


text:
Promoting Scientific Integrity through Open Science in Health Psychology : Results of the Synergy Expert Meeting of the European Health Psychology Society
Kwasnicka, Dominika; ten Hoor, Gill A.; van Dongen, Anne; Gruszczyńska, Ewa; Hagger, Martin S.; Hamilton, Kyra; Hankonen, Nelli; Heino, Matti Toivo Juhani; Kotzur, Marie; Noone, Chris et al. (2020). Promoting Scientific Integrity through Open Science in Health Psychology : Results of the Synergy Expert Meeting of the European Health Psychology Society. Health Psychology Review, Early online. DOI: 10.1080/_PHONE_.2020._PHONE_
Published inHealth Psychology Review
© 2020 the Authors
The current article describes a position statement and recommendations for actions that need to be taken to develop best practices for promoting scientific integrity through open science in health psychology endorsed at a Synergy Expert Group Meeting. Sixteen Synergy Meeting participants specializing in health, social and behavioural psychology convened to discuss priority issues regarding scientific integrity promotion and open science in health psychology. The group developed a set of recommendations for researchers, gatekeepers, and research end-users. The group process followed a nominal group technique and voting system to elicit and decide on the most relevant and topical issues. Seventeen priority areas were listed and voted on, 15 of them were endorsed by the group (5, 6 and 4 from each area). Each of the issues was considered by the group and formed the basis of this position statement. Specifically, the following priority actions for health psychology were endorsed: (1) for researchers: advancing when and how to make data open and accessible at various research stages and understanding researchers' beliefs and attitudes regarding open data; (2) for educators: integrating open science in research curricula, e.g., through online open science training modules, promoting preregistration, transparent reporting, open data and applying open science as a learning tool; (3) for journal editors: providing an open science statement, and open data policies, including a minimal requirements submission checklist. Health psychology societies and journal editors should collaborate in order to develop a coordinated plan for research integrity and open science promotion across behavioural disciplines....
Publication in research information system
MetadataShow full item record
- Liikuntatieteiden tiedekunta


text:
LIP Partners with National Center for Human Performance.
HHP's Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, has partnered with the National Center for Human Performance (NCHP)and established its motion capture laboratory on NCHP premises in the Texas Medical Center.
The University of Houston recently featured this partnership on its website, some excerpts from the article:
The team of HHP scientists and student researchers has been working with technologies to help medical professionals detect, diagnose – and even solve – balance, coordination and mobility issues. The researchers at the National Center for Human Performance also work with NASA to understand how astronauts' bodies react to gravitational changes. Special machines and equipment produce a variety of circumstances that safely simulate different natural conditions that may cause a person to lose balance. Software tracks and analyzes variables such as weight distribution, balance, motion, and walking patterns in the subjects as they experience shifts in their environment produced by the equipment. The NCHP team hopes to use this information to help doctors pinpoint which body parts and systems are working improperly. Doctors can then work with the patients and their families on healing therapies, appropriately calibrated prosthetics, and adaptive strategies to improve mobility.
"I am excited about HHP's presence in the Texas Medical Center, and I am confident that the quality of research conducted there will be of benefit to patients and those involved in movement rehabilitation,"
Another exciting project at the National Center for Human Performance uses electrodes to stimulate major muscle groups in a wheelchair-bound patient's legs. The electrical currents produce muscle movement that enables the patient to pedal a bicycle-like apparatus. Giving the patient the ability to pedal the machine produces two health-invigorating results. First, it allows the patient to exercise, so conditions such as obesity and high cholesterol that often challenge wheelchair-bound individuals can be mitigated. Secondly, the pedaling motion helps strengthen the affected muscle groups, helping to rehabilitate some patients.


text:
Black and white is often under-appreciated. You are taking stuff away, after all.
Yes. Colour. Of course. But you are also adding stuff.
Lyndsay in Mono
As advantages of a black and white image, you get:
- Shades of grey. Everything becomes shades of grey. So while in a colour image you may have various little groups of shade, in a colour image, all becomes grey. So you automatically get shades all the way from black to white, if you like.
- Emphasis on texture. Textures, which can be lost in colour photos, are seen clearly in black and white.
- Emphasis on shape. The same is true of shape. You are not drawn to colour, so now the pure shape is what draws you attention.
- Emphasis on light. In the absence of colour, it is all light. You can light dramatically, softly: Light is seen clearly, not as colour, but as light.
- Ability to tweak. You can tweak colours in post (or when using film, by using filters. Like in the example that follows below.
- Ability to create mood. You can add shade. Drama. Even grain, to create an old film look. I do this a lot nowadays.
- Simplicity: it is also easier to shoot. No white balance to worry about.
So today, let me show you just one trick: the above-mentioned ability to selectively change colour.
An original image of a student the other day:
Student in colour
Now converted in Lightroom to "neutral" black and white:
Student in B/W (Neutral)
Now, I used the HSL/Color/B&W tool in the Develop module to selectively increase the brightness of her shirt:
Student in B/W (Light shirt)
But of course I want to de-emphasise the shirt, so her face stands out! Here's the version I prefer, with a darker shirt:
Student in B/W (dark shirt)
Can you see how much more this emphasises the student, while in the original image, the colours stand out instead?
Here is one more example of how colour can distract, and how in the black and white version that distrction disappears.
So: I recommend you try some black and white. (And do it in "post", not in the camera. Otherwise you lose the ability to tweak. You can set your camera to B/W as long as you shoot RAW, so you retain all the information).


text:
See what questions
a doctor would ask.
Infection with a particular parastitic tapeworm larva (spargana). The tapeworm migrates to tissues under the skin where it forms nodules which are itchy, inflamed and painful. The conditions can be serious if the tapeworm migrates to the eye or brain however this is rare. Infection occurs by eating infected foods or contaminated drinking water. The condition is more prevalent in Asian countries....more »
Read more about Deaths and Sparganosis.
Read more about causes of Sparganosis.
Research the causes of these diseases that are similar to, or related to, Sparganosis:
Related forums and medical stories:
Read about other experiences, ask a question about Sparganosis, or answer someone else's question, on our message boards:
Search Specialists by State and City


Articles advice from Josh
/ How To Do Needy Things Without Appearing Needy
Here are 6 ways to take needy actions without seeming needy to women.
Those of you who subscribe to my newsletter will have received an article about neediness and how it is pretty much the biggest turn off to women. However, sometimes, we simply need to (or want to) take some action that is needy. For instance, confirming a date. Confirming a date is, technically, a needy task; however, it is also a necessity given how flaky women generally are. Here are 6 common needy actions we like to take and how you can do take them in a non-needy way.
1. Confirming a date
Confirming a date is a necessity. Unfortunately, it is also needy behavior. How do you get around appearing needy when confirming a date. The best way to confirm a date without being needy is to make a small change in the actual date and use that as the excuse to make contact. For example, if you planned a date at 8pm at XYZ, text her the day off with a message like this: "Hey there, I'm running a bit behind today, let's do 8:15 instead of 8pm." You don't have to ask if the date is still on to confirm a date, you simply need to ping her with a reminder which will then prompt her to either confirm or flake. Don't ever call someone to confirm a date because if she doesn't pick up you will be left in a nebulous situation of wondering if she will check her messages, being super needy by calling again or doing what you should have done in the first place, which is just sending a text.
2. Ask a girl out
Asking a girl out is sometimes a source of extremely needy behavior but it shouldn't be. The proper way to ask a girl out is first to attract her (see my article on asking a girl out) and then worrying about how to actually go about it. The general rule is, once you establish some interest in meeting up, to propose a time and a place. Don't ask when she is free or what she wants to do (though sometimes this does make sense (see point 3 below), simply suggest a time and place and see how she responds.
3. A date at your place
Asking a girl out is one thing, but getting a girl to come over is another. I generally try to arrange a second date at my apartment. However, sometimes this might come off as "too forward" which can be misconstrued by women as "needy". (Yes, sometimes being overly aggressive can be mistaken for neediness). When I am trying to get her to meet at my place, the way I do it without neediness is to either propose two options (one at my place one somewhere else nearby) or to first ask her "if she has anything in mind" for the second date. Her response will almost always be "I'm up for whatever" which then makes it much easier to propose meeting at your place and makes it much harder for her to say no.
4. Buying Gifts
Gift buying, while nice, can often come off as very needy if not done at the right time. Read my article about gift buying to learn how to do this without appearing too needy. The general rule (and it is a good one to follow) is sex before any gift giving.
5. Refusal to escalate physically
If things in the sex and intimacy department are moving too slowly for you, there are needy and non-needy ways to address it. "Begging" or begging like behavior to get sex is very unattractive and will probably lower your odds of getting further. The best way to increase intimacy is arranging dates at your place and if she doesn't want to, play it cool, agree to a date elsewhere, but then cancel. She will get the message. If the problem occurs once you are in the bedroom, don't beg, either stop hooking up cold turkey making it seem like it was your idea to not go further or appeal to her comfort level (ask her why she isn't comfortable with you or what she is afraid of, not why she doesn't want to hook up).
6. Texting, IMing, and calling
A lot of men ruin it with women because they start texting, IM'ing, and calling the girl they had one date with more than they do their own mother or best friend. This is a very easy way to scare a woman off. The obvious solution to this problem is to simply not engage in random back and forth texts and instead only text, IM, or call to set up the next date. If she is the one who initiates, don't fall into the trap of engaging too often. Keep conversations short and try to turn them into arranging meetings.
There are many behaviors that are canonically needy and there is no good way to be "non-needy" about them. However, the 6 actions above can appear needy or non-needy, depending on how you execute. Always execute in the non-needy manner.
Buy Now!


text:
Manipulating Data in a DataTable
After creating a DataTable in a DataSet, you can perform the same activities that you would when using a table in a database. You can add, view, edit, and delete data in the table; you can monitor errors and events; and you can query the data in the table. When modifying data in a DataTable, you can also verify whether the changes are accurate, and determine whether to programmatically accept or reject the changes.
In This Section
Adding Data to a DataTable
Explains how to create new rows and add them to a table.
Viewing Data in a DataTable
Describes how to access the data in a row, including original and current versions of the data.
The Load Method
Describes the use of the Load method to fill a DataTable with rows.
Explains how to modify the data in a row, including suspending the changes to a row until the proposed changes are verified and accepted.
Row States and Row Versions
Provides information about the different states of a row.
Describes how to remove a row from a table.
Row Error Information
Explains how to insert error information per row, to help resolve problems with the data within an application.
AcceptChanges and RejectChanges
Explains how to accept or reject the changes made to a row.


My Cart
Super-Mineral Remineralizing Oil-Pulling Oil
$33.00 $37.00
Oil Base
*organic sesame oil OR organic sunflower oil (two variations!)
*clam shell
*-organic **-wildcrafted
An organic sesame oil or organic sunflower oil infused with top quality herb and minerals.
We slowly infuse herbs into organic sesame oil, allowing for optimum absorb-ability. Pearlsoffer ancient, mineral sources that provide crucial minerals to the teeth in appropriate proportions.
Bee propolis has been shown to kill bacteria that causes tooth decay. In anecdotal evidence, I have also seen many people online who claim that using bee propolis helped them to heal existent cavities and remineralize their teeth.
Shilajit is a rich source of trace minerals and is extremely nourishing to the body, bones, and teeth.
Pearls are potent mineral sources that provide minerals in very similar proportions as found in teeth.
Comfrey is wonderful when used topically to help facilitate the healing of the bones and teeth!
Amla is an Ayurvedic herb that is very rich in vitamin C. It has shown great promise in treating both gum and dental issues.
Theobromine is the active ingredient in one of the most popular remineralizing pastes. It has been shown to he l remineralize the teeth in studies performed by the makers of that paste. It has shown to be superior to fluoride in hardening the teeth and preventing decay.
Nanohydroxyapatite provides abundant minerals that can assist the teeth in re-mineralizing.
Hadjod is one of the best Ayurvedic herbs for the bones, supplying the perfect balance of vitamins and minerals for them to be strong and healthy.
Neem is powerful at fighting decay.
Eucommia and rehmannia are supportive to the teeth and bones.
Licorice has long been used to treat and prevent dental issues. Even toothpaste giants such as Colgate have performed studies that prove that licorice helps halt decay and promotes a healthy oral environment that can allow for remineralization.
Clove is used to reduce dental pain, while myrrh is to kill bacteria and halt decay.
Oatstraw, wheat grass powder, alfalfa, and horsetail are classic herbs for bone healing because they are extremely rich sources.
We use herbs that are known to support bone healing, reduce pain and inflammation, and support dental health.
Hold oil in your mouth up to 20 minutes. When your nose starts running, it is time to spit it out! You can oil pull as many times per day as you would like. You can also dilute the oil if you want to make it go further..
Customer Reviews
Based on 1 review
Match made in heaven


LETS TALK! Is Schooling In Nigeria A Process Of Wasting Half Of Your Life Learning How To Waste The Remaining Half?
School Na SCAM? Dropping Out? NO Dont! Nigerian Educational System Is The Problem! Read This.
Due to the present poor state of Nigeria, bad leaders, hardship, unemployment, poverty and hunger, alot of Nigerians have come to a conclusion that School Is A SCAM.
Though they're not entirely far from the truth. But in reality, School is not a scam but the Nigeria Educational System in particular, is.
Somehours ago, Nigerian singer Simi took to her Instagram page, questioning the importance of formal education in Nigeria.
She wrote,👇
And she's right!
Why I Think Simi Is Right About Nigerian Educational System
In fact I personally sees Schooling in Nigeria as a process of wasting half of one's life to learn how to waste the remaining half after graduation.😏
If you ask me, I think the most important thing is basic education. Which is the ability to read and write properly.
And if you couldn't learn how to read and write during your Primary and Secondary School period, forget about it!
Don't bother going to the University to waste your time and your parents resources. Kukuma go learn handwork, fishing or farming..School is not for you.😏
School helps your logical reasoning in solving problems. But unfortunately in Nigeria we do more of theory than practical and that's why we're so messed up.
Nigerians should be allowed to study a single course of their choice instead of wasting our time with 20 different courses.
End up jobless after graduation. Literally programming us to fail and be miserable las las.🚶🏿♂
School Is Not For Everyone But Education Is Very Important
Nigeria Education System is so frustrating. Imagine I was forced to study Science subjects from Jss1 to SS1 when I'm not one. But in Western countries, nobi so.
School is not for everyone but Education is very important. If book no gree enter ur head, go and learn handwork my bro.
If you're waiting for our criminal Politicians to better this country, you dey waste your time.
Some of them doesn't have School Certificates. Even una President no get WAEC result.
He's literally ruling us with Nepa Bill. U can imagine. Chai we don suffer for this country.🤦
The Difference Between School And Education
Before I wrap up this piece, I will like to explain to you guys the difference between School and Education.
I know some of you are already wondering the difference between the two words.
The difference between SCHOOL and EDUCATION is this. School is a way to obtain education.
School can also be define as a place of education. On the other hand, education refers to learning or teaching.
Therefore, apprenticeship is part of education. In fact apprenticeship have raised more millionaires in this country than Nigeria Schools.
So my brothers and sisters no let anybody deceive you o. If your head no fit carry book, go and learn handwork o.
School is not a scam but the Nigeria Educational System is! The country is hard already, don't make it more harder for yourself! Use ur head.
Do You Agree With Me That Schooling In Nigeria Is A Process Of Wasting Half Of Ones Life Learning How To Waste The Remaining Half?
Drop your comments
You Might Also Like 👇
Drop a Comment
 1. Avatar
 Biggest waste of time… If Nigerian Government empower Technical Schools, Nigerian graduates will be way richer.
 All thanks to Yahoo cos if not for Internet fraud ehn, the few rich people will have to battle with thieves everyday of their life.
 2. Avatar
 I just pity this site.. It's disgusting this days.
 1. Avatar
 Shut up Biko
 3. nice write up. school is a waste of time in this country walahi. learning handiwork is the best biko
 4. Avatar
 ✂ ✂ ✔ ✔
 5. school is not a waste of time but our government has made it so.
 6. Avatar
 make I go learn work from the beginning of my life pay me pass make I go school, cause school was everybody dreams back in those days in Nigeria
 7. Avatar
 I said it once about "School and Education"
 I always hear people saying "school na scam".
 Check that person saying it, if he/she does not have the qualification you have. He's just saying what he heard from others, never argue with such person, just ask him how he learn the spelling of "scam".
 If he's of same qualification with you, he went to school but not educated. Ask him how did he understand the word "scam".
 If he's of higher qualification than you, then tell him to repudiate and go burn his certificate.
 Education is not for all because you make it from business or get rich through the use of talent does not say others can't make it from school.
 Bad leaders led Nigeria education to this stage.
 8. Avatar
 Studying in Nigeria is not a waste of time because for one, we need the certificate to show that atleast we are not "illiterates" in quote even though the certificate does not really change anything now. Those days we would say graduate with first class and enjoy scholarship, school will retain you, oil comp would be looking for you, but now there are lots of first class looking for jobs! University is not only for learning courses, it's were you go to acquire knowledge about life, the way people behave, some people actually find their true potential in School. So university is not a waste of time its just the way the country treats us after we graduate that's why as a student don't depend on B.sc cert. Learn other things that would be very useful.
 9. Avatar
 I agree and also disagree with u. I agree cos the schooling system in Nigeria is frustrating and that's why we say SCHOOL NA SCAM. I disagree cos if u don't go to that school, how do you want to be expose to some certain things and remember this country won't be like this forever so if going to school is part of the norms of our society then go and fulfill all righteousness.
 10. Avatar
 Nice write up and you said it almost perfectly,like you said in the last quote,if school work out fine for u,don't discourage those hustling and if hustling works for you don't discourage those going to school.Educational structure in Nigeria is heading in the wrong direction,but that still doesn't mean school in Nigeria is a waste of half part of one's life time,because this same present educational system has made some people become successful while it makes others less successful.So with this,I will say to some it is a waste of time because apart from the fact that they learn how to read and write,they don't gain much from it,while to others it worth it because they benefit a lot from it.
 11. Avatar
 Well, in my own point of view schooling here in Nigeria is not wasting of time to everyone. Because we've seen people developing talents, doing great things with special skills in their various course of studies. It depends on the individuals ability to cope, not everyone have money to study abroad.
 12. Avatar
 To me, talking about if education is a waste or not is up to individual.
 This life is like a talking drum.. One side facing you and the other facing another.
 Through education majority have make it and to some, they are still battling with one thing or the other after their education.
 13. Avatar
 I won't say education is a waste or not, it depends on how life is treating you after one's education
 14. Have you seen how those millionaires without education cries daily because they got cheated or scam because they weren't educated??
 Have u seen the shame and disgrace they brought to their families because they can't speak good English?? Ask Patience Jonathan or Jenifer of aiye ayetoro lol
 15. Avatar
 The educational system in Nigeria really need to be adjusted and upgraded because it being run on a downward slope.I think the government should put more effort into restructuring the system to make it a functional one that will change the lives of the citizen positively instead of hindering it.What's the plan for student to also succeed after schooling,anyways back to your question,I would have given this write up 100% perfection if not for d part of saying schooling in Nigeria is like wasting half part of one's life,don't 4gt this same system is what makes some successful,though most people might not benefit from it,but it's not a waste of one's half life's time,because at least even those that don't benefit from it still have their intellect improved.
 16. Avatar
 Even if Nigerian system of Education has failed us, I wouldn't conclude that school is a scam because school gives us the platform to decide what we want. You wouldn't rely on your certification but rather the skills you have,the practical know how will speak more of you. That's why Entrepreneurship as a course is been encouraged in Nigerian educational system, we still have rooms for undergraduate and post graduate Internship, you will still have the opportunity to learn during this period of time. Lastly, learn to keep your certificate and acquire skills based on your passion and am pleased to tell


Posted on
shelf life of hemp seed oil
What is the shelf life of hemp oil
The short answer is, if stored correctly, an unopened bottle of our hemp oil will last 14 months from the date of production. The long answer is there are several factors that can influence the shelf life of hemp oil. The major ones are how the seed is pressed, how the oil is packaged and how the oil is stored.
Pressing hemp oil to extend shelf life
Since the essential fatty acids in hemp are very susceptible to degradation and rancidity, producing a shelf stable oil starts with being very careful at the production stage. By ensuring that the oil has had minimal exposure to heat and to oxygen, the production of the oil ensures that the goodness that was available in the raw seed is retained in our virgin cold-pressed hemp oil. We do this through a production process that protects the essential fatty acids from exposure to oxygen by replacing the "air" in the production environment with pure nitrogen. In addition to protecting the oil from oxidation, we also ensure that the oil is kept well below the allowable temperatures required to be able to call the oil cold-pressed. These two factors enable us to produce a product that is as close as possible to mimicking the seed in it's ability to safeguard the oil. You might consider our method better, since seeds can get broken, allowing oxygen to access the oils.
Sealed jugs devoid of oxygen extend shelf life
The oxygen free environment doesn't stop at the pressing stage, we continue it right through to the bottling stage where the oil is maintained oxygen free and then the last bit of space in the top of the filled bottle is also replaced with nitrogen before the bottle is sealed with a foil topper and the lid is put on. These extra steps ensure that the oil will remain fresh for a long period of time after it has been placed in the bottle, literally for many months allowing us to set a best before date of 14 months from the date of manufacture.
Cold storage of the oil extends shelf life
Keep your oil cold. While we maintain an environment that is consistently lower than 15 C for short term storage of the products, we highly recommend you storing your oil in the freezer for longer term storage. One of the many wonderful benefits of hemp oil is that it will not turn to a solid at the temperatures reached in your home freezer so you can keep you oil there and it will still pour for you. There may be some separation of the naturally occurring waxes but this will just result in some cloudiness and is not something to be concerned about. It will not affect flavour or consistency when the oil warms.
Keep your oil cold and out of the light
The two things you need to be aware of after you get your oil is that you should keep it cool and out of the sunlight. Store the oil in the freezer for long term storage and in the fridge in the short term. The oil can withstand moderate temperatures, for instance while being shipped, without any significant degradation. For long term storage, just ensure you maintain a cold temperature.
Organic Hemp oil, Canadian hemp seed, Superior quality, best prices. Canada's #1 Hemp Oil retailer since 1996.
Cold Pressed or Refined Hemp Oil?
Hemp oil is referred to as the most perfectly balanced oil created by nature. This is due to the perfect balance of unsaturated Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids that cannot be found anywhere else. Hemp oil is also rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and other health beneficial substances. However, this only applies if the oil is cold pressed, as only unrefined hemp oil preserves all the nutrients contained in the hemp seed.
How is unrefined hemp oil made?
Unrefined, cold pressed hemp oil is obtained from hemp seeds with mechanical extraction at a low temperature that doesn't exceed 40 degrees Celsius. Cold pressed hemp oil is not chemically cleaned or bleached and the sediments are removed mechanically using filtration.
The shorter shelf life of cold pressed oil
Due to the lack of chemical treatment and absence of high temperatures, the active substances found in the seeds of the plant are also preserved in cold pressed oils. Because of this, the oil has a shorter shelf life and needs to be stored in cold places, and the supply chain between the manufacturer and the end consumer needs to be shortened as well. Incorrect storage and irregularities in transportation can make the cold pressed oil go bad faster. The first sign alerting you to any irregularities will be an unusual odor. Properly stored, fresh cold pressed hemp oil has a strong green color, as well as a strong but pleasant smell that resembles a mixture of freshly mowed grass and nuts.
Why is unrefined oil better than refined oil?
Refined oil has a cleaner appearance, with a lighter color, and does not contain small particles. Refining is a relatively complex process that includes treatment with chemical compounds and at high temperatures, reaching up to 270 degrees Celsius. The process removes most of the vitamins contained in the oil, as well as other health beneficial substances. Also lost in the process are Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids, which are the ingredients that give hemp oil the title of the most balanced oil. Refined hemp oil is primarily used in cosmetics, the production of various ointments and even plastics.
Two main reasons most cosmetics manufacturers decide to use refined oils
 - Refined oils last longer allowing for a longer supply chain between production and the end consumer, higher volumes of stock and lower risk for the manufacturer
 - Refined hemp oil is significantly cheaper than unrefined oil
At Hemptouch, we swear by unrefined, Cold Pressed Hemp Oil
All our products are based exclusively on cold pressed hemp oil. This is the only way to preserve all the beneficial substances that make hemp oil so popular in skin care. We realize this makes the shelf life of our products much shorter and that it affects the supply chain, which is a challenge in business, however, this helps us ensure our products are always fresh and of the highest quality.
Because we want to have full control over the ingredients used in our products, we make the cold pressed oil from our own hemp, grown on our field in Novo mesto, where we can observe its growth from seed to full-grown plant.
You might enjoy these
Facebook Instagram Youtube
 - About us
 - Imprint, Contact us
 - Terms & Conditions
 - Privacy policy
 - Affiliate program
 - Events & projects
 - Skin balms
 - Face care
 - Body care
 - CBD oils & sprays
 - Bundles & Samples
Sign up for our newsletter


Site hosted by Build your free website today!
Veneti a must-read for every Slovenian
In-depth historical review dispels myths of Central Europe
Lodge 564
DETROIT - I recently finished reading the book Veneti: First Builders of European Community, a history of ancient Slovenian roots. The book is a must-read for all Slovenians and anyone interested in ancient history.
Veneti... is interesting because it debunks 19th century Central European historians' beliefs that the Slovenians arrived in their present home around 600 A.D. This book claims that assumption to be false.
The Veneti were an ancient people who lived in what is now northern Italy, the eastern Alps, southern Austria and present-day Slovenia. Many Veneti burial urns have been excavated in Italy, Slovenia and other European areas. Until only recently, no one had been able to decipher the Venetic script on the urns.
On the other hand, until now no one used the Slovenian language and ancient Slavic tongues to try to solve this ancient mystery. Matej Bor, a Slovenian linguist, seems to have cracked the venetic script using the language of our native Slovenia.
The Veneti, according to the book, were Slavs and ancient ancestors of the Slovenians. They date back to around 1300 B.C. in the European Alps.
The conclusions of the book are that the Veneti/Slovenians were the original settlers of the Alps and contributed greatly to the culture of central Europe.
Some historians may disagree with [some] of the conclusions drawn because of nationalistic aims, but the facts point to the Slovenians being an integral part of Central European history since at least 1300 B.C.
The book is based on scientific findings and is a must-read. Veneti... will change your opinion of Slovenian beginnings and make you very proud that you are a Slovenian.


text:
Owner: USDA Forest Service _PHONE_
County: Siskiyou, Shasta, Trinity
Public Access: yes
Location: Click Here
Related Website: Click Here
Access Via: Public road
Fishing Regulations: Click Here
Fishing Supplement: Click Here
The entire national forest expands through northern Shasta, Trinity and Siskiyou Counties. The Sacramento River goes through the Shasta McCloud Management Unit. This area is north of Lake Shasta and expands north to the town of Weed.
The largest national forest in California, it provides many recreational opportunities, such as hunting, fishing, hiking, biking, camping, mountain climbing and skiing. The USDA Forest Service promotes healthy forest and wildlife habitat, maintaining clean water, producing timber products, and safeguarding the communities at risk from wildfires.
Contains hundreds of mountain lakes, and 1,900 miles of streams including the Sacramento River. The National forest is part of the Klamath Mountain Geological Province.
Made up of mostly conifer forest with different species of trees, such as, ponderosa pine, sugar pine, douglas fir, and California red fir. Other species of trees in the area are cottonwood, valley oak, black oak, canyon live oak and pacific dogwood. Mammals include the black bear, columbian blacktail deer, ringtail cat, raccoon, striped skunk, mountain lion, bobcat, coyote, gray fox, river otter, different species of squirrels, chipmunks, black-tailed jackrabbit, bats and a small number of Elk. There are also many types of bird species, such as stellar jays, Warblers, owls, swallows, hummingbirds, great blue herons, bald eagles, turkeys, osprey, hawks, and many more.


text:
Posts Tagged 'music instruction aide'
"Guitar Power Chords" relating to the Music Dials…
Rhythm and chords have always been the popular foundation for all types of music. Power chords are essentially, just 2 (many times 3) of the strongest tonal notes in the key of the song, which creates powerful sounding chords all to themselves.
In this case, by playing these notes as viewed on the Music "Power Chord" Dial, you will immediately find yourself laying down some substantial rock and blues sounds, indeed. Generally, they are played on the lower registered (bass) strings, where they have the most 'punch' to them. Read the rest of this entry »


text:
national and state polls have a 500 - 1,000-person sample size. abusing your spouse?'' No matter which of the two direct answers the respondent Sitemap | * Psychoanalysis There is an empirical method of determining how heavily a question is loaded leading question takes the respondent in a certain significant direction as a is to ask the question in a statistical poll, and tabulate the results. Loaded question definition: a question containing a hidden trap or implication | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Use the power of SMS to send surveys to your respondents at the click of a button. Guestbook | You've heard them before: The litany of phrases politicians use to frame a debate in their favor or score political points against their enemies. University of * Using humor conclusions are drawn from the asking and answering of the question (Walton, respondent had a gun. * Body language * Change Management questioning in a dialogue sequence. A 1985 survey asked respondents * Memory
Medium font | An illustration of the * Confidence tricks It classifies into an Even Likert Scale, and Odd Likert Scale questions where even Likert scale questions do not feature a neutral response option and odd Likert scale questions offer a neutral response for respondents.


text:
Recreation: Social Aspects of Fire
^ Main Topic |
Changing Recreation Patterns |
Social Aspects of Fire |
Behaviors and Conflict
Wildland Fire Beliefs, Norms and Management Preferences
Because public values and norms about wildfire management often drive agency policies and landowner or recreationist behaviors (e.g., defensible space, campfires) a model for understanding and predicting public acceptance of wildland fire management is being developed. Using cognitive hierarchy as an underlying theoretical framework, fire-specific measures of visitors' value orientations (patterns of basic beliefs), and norms were developed and pretested. Over 3,000 visitors to three geographically dispersed western urban-interface National Forests were sampled. Six separate scales were developed for notions of responsibility, biocentrism, anthropocentrism, freedom, trust, and the benefitharm of wildfire. Second, social norms data (acceptability of management practices in different situations) were measured using eight scenarios with combinations of various types of situational factors (e.g., fire origin, recovery time) across three fire management choices (let burn, contain fire, put out immediately). Analyses demonstrate the reliability and construct validity of the measurement model and provide insight regarding public support for different fire management activities. It also provides a general model of situational-specific ways to assess public acceptance of fire management choices. In this case, the effect of human origin, quick recovery and loss of property are notable influences on support. This study was supported by National Fire Plan research funds.
For additional information about this study please contact Jim Absher at _PHONE_ or.
Research conducted by:


How can my server be infected?
If your server is infected with a Remote Access malware variant this malware reports back to a remote computer of the author, allows them to run any commands on your server, grief your server, OP themselves, delete your files, perform actions that break our terms of service, or worse. This is not a good thing to have on your server which is why we have built our anti-malware system to detect this.
All kinds of plugins can be infected, both from legitimate sources such as SpigotMC or Bukkit and - much more likely - illegitimate sources. We strongly advise you to be careful when downloading and installing any plugin to your server.
How do I recover my sever?
Unfortunately, due to the nature of these infections, removing it can sometimes be a bit tedious. The way this infection works is that, you install one infected plugin and suddenly it will go around and infect every single other plugin on your server. Therefore, every single JAR file including the legitimate plugins has been infected and must be deleted.
Steps To Removing An Infection
- Stop the server and do not start it back up until you have finished removing the infection. Starting the server up mid-way through will reset your progress to removing the previously infected files.
- Delete every single plugin JAR from your server.
- Delete every copy of these plugins from your computer.
- Re-download your plugins from SpigotMC or the original source of the plugin.
- Create a backup of your servers files via the backup/restore page prior to re-placing them in your plugins folder.
How can I prevent my server from being infected?
Check if the author is reputable
Check the ratings on the plugin
If the plugin is fairly new (or authors account is new), be vary careful
Check the "discussion" tab of the resource, does anyone complain of malicious code being run?
If you're still unsure, Look into decompiling the plugin using tools such as jd-gui
For any further questions regarding this please create a ticket here
Was this article helpful?
Thank you!


text:
What Marine Engineers and Naval Architects Do
Marine engineers and naval architects design, build, and maintain ships from aircraft carriers to submarines, from sailboats to tankers. Marine engineers work on the mechanical systems, such as propulsion and steering. Naval architects work on the basic design, including the form and stability of hulls.
Marine engineers typically do the following:
- Prepare system layouts and detailed drawings and schematics
- Inspect marine equipment and machinery to draw up work requests and job specifications
- Conduct environmental, operational, or performance tests on marine machinery and equipment
- Design and oversee testing, installation, and repair of marine apparatus and equipment
- Investigate and observe tests on machinery and equipment for compliance with standards
- Coordinate activities with regulatory bodies to ensure that repairs and alterations are done safely and at minimal cost
- Prepare technical reports for use by engineers, managers, or sales personnel
- Prepare cost estimates, schedules for design and construction, and contract specifications
- Maintain contact with contractors to be sure the work is being done correctly, on schedule, and within budget
The people who operate or supervise the operation of the machinery on a ship are sometimes called marine engineers, or, more frequently, ship engineers. Their work differs from that of the marine engineers in this profile. For more information on ship engineers, see the profile on water transportation occupations.
Marine engineers are increasingly putting their knowledge to work in power generation. Companies that formerly concentrated on other activities, such as papermaking, are now increasing their efforts to produce and sell electricity back to the power grid. These engineers' skills are also useful in the oil and gas industry, including offshore drilling operations.
Naval architects typically do the following:
- Study design proposals and specifications to establish basic characteristics of a ship, such as size, weight, and speed
- Develop sectional and waterline curves of the hull to establish the center of gravity, ideal hull form, and data on buoyancy and stability
- Design entire ship hulls and superstructures, following safety standards
- Design the layout of ships' interiors, including passenger compartments, cargo space, ladder wells, and elevators
- Confer with marine engineers to set up the layout of boiler room equipment, heating and ventilation systems, refrigeration equipment, and propulsion machinery
- Lead teams from a variety of specialties to oversee building and testing prototypes
- Evaluate how the ship does during trials both at the dock and at sea and change the design as needed to make sure the ship meets national and international standards.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition


text:
Back up to FireMonkey Library
(And note that some animation classes have slight variations in the exact properties used, notably the StartValue and StopValue properties depending on what is being animated).
TAnimation and it's descendants animate (change the value over time) of a property (PropertyName) (except TPathAnimation - see below) of it's Parent object over a period of time (Duration) after an optional initial Delay.
The value starts at StartValue (unless StartFromCurrent is true) and ends at StopValue. The formula for the progression is given by Interpolation and can be modified by AnimationType. See Interpolation and AnimationType Illustrated for a visual guide to these two properties.
Animations can Loop continuously which may include AutoReverse. An Inverse animation is one which runs from the StopValue back to the StartValue.
Each time the animation is processed and the property value updated the OnProcess event is called and when the animation is complete the OnFinish event fires.
Animations can be run manually using the Start and Stop methods or the Enabled property or automtically using trigger properties.
Animation objects are commonly used in styles where they respond to a Trigger and/or a TriggerInverse expression which is a conditional involving one or more trigger properties of the Parent object. Trigger properties are those named 'IsXXX'.
Trigger runs the animation forwards (StartValue to StopValue), TriggerInverse runs the animation backwards (StopValue to StartValue) (as if Inverse where true).
Trigger and TriggerInverse take expressions of the form =true|false and multiple trigger properties can be used by separating expressions with a semi-colon. For example
When multiple expressions are used they are combined with an and operation. The second example above will trigger when IsPressed is true and IsMouseOver is false. It's common to use both Trigger and TriggerInverse to run animations when an item changes both into and out of a state, e.g.
Trigger expressions are not case sensitive.
To create trigger properties for your own components see Triggering Effects and Animations.
The following table shows the built in animation classes and the type of property they animate.
|TAnimation, TCustomPropertyAnimation||Abstract base classes.|
|TFloatAnimation||Any floating point type (remember that component positions and sizes are of type single in FireMonkey, so you'll use TFloatAnimation for moving and resizing objects).|
|TColorAnimation||TAlphaColor (the color system used in FireMonkey).|
|TRectAnimation||TBounds Commonly used within Bitmap Styles to select an area of the image when a control changes state. (Sadly the BoundsRect property of TControl is a TRectF and can't be animated by this class. Instead you can either fake what you want by animating the Margins or Padding properties, or manually process a TFloatAnimation or TRectAnimation by handling it's OnProcess event).|
|TBitmapAnimation||TBitmap - fades from StartBitmap to StopBitmap by varying their opacities.|
|TBitmapListAnimation||Animates a sequence of images stored in a single image in the AnimationBitmap property similar to a normal video file. The number of individual images in the bitmap is given by the AnimationCount (i.e. number of frames) which is sub-divided into the number or rows specified by AnimationRows and thus infering the number of columns.|
|TColorKeyAnimation||Animates through a set of color values (see below).|
|TFloatKeyAnimation||Animates through a set of floating point values (see below).|
|TPathAnimation||Animates it's parent's Position property along a Path with optional Rotate (See below).|
The two key animation classes, TColorKeyAnimation and TFloatKeyAnimation animate through a set of values stored in the Keys property. Each key item stores a Key, which is a value between 0 and 1 representing a percentage completion of the animation duration and a Value. When the animation processes a tick it calculates a value by interpolating between the two Keys representing a time nearest the current time.
Suppose we have a TFloatKeyAnimation with a duration of 4 seconds and the keys (Time: 0, Value: 0), (Time: 0.5, Value: 1) and (Time: 1, Value: 0).
Here are the values processed each second:
|0||0||First key with Time = 0.|
|1||0.5||One second is a quarter of the duration, so we look at the two closest keys to 0.25. The first two keys are at 0 and 0.5. 0.25 is half way between the two, so we get a value half way between the values of the first and second keys.|
|2||1||Half way through the duration, so use the key at 0.5 with a value of 1./td>|
|3||0.5Time is at three quarters of the duration, so find the keys nearest to 0.75, which is the second and third keys. The time (0.75) is half way between the keys of these items, so use a value half way between the two values.|
|4||0||Duration is complete so use the key whose key is 1 (the third key) which gives a value of zero.|
So what we get in the above example is a value which moves linearly from zero to one and back to zero again - a saw tooth wave if looped.
TColorKeyAnimation behaves in the same way with TAlphaColors as values.
You can use these two classes to create complex animations over multiple values, even simulating complex curves if enough keys are used.
TPathAnimation is slightly different from the other animations in that it always animates it's parents Position property. The parent component will, therefore, move along the course given in the Path property. If Rotate is true the parent will be rotated to point the same direction as the animation is pointing.


Explore all AWS Events
Filter events by:
Clear all filters
 - Date
 - Event Name (A-Z)
 - Event Name (Z-A)
No events found matching that criteria.
Learning Levels
Foundational (100)
This content introduces the audience to AWS services or features, with an assumption of zero or minimal AWS knowledge. Authors explain basic use cases, functionality, and benefits, and offer resources to get started.
Intermediate (200)
This content focuses on providing an overview of AWS services or features, with the assumption that the audience has a working knowledge of the topic. Authors highlight common use cases, using multiple services or features, functionality, and benefits.
Advanced (300)
This content dives deeper into the selected topic. Authors assume that the audience has familiarity with the topic but may not have direct experience implementing a similar solution. Code may be shared, but this is not the primary focus of the content.
Expert (400)
This content is for an audience that is deeply familiar with the topic, has implemented similar solutions already, and is comfortable with how the technology works across multiple services, architectures, and implementations. Authors dive into code, cover advanced tricks, and explore future developments in the technology.


text:
Sitting Comfortably? Exploring Asian Aspirations and Professional Identity
The dental profession has recently undergone a number of radical changes, most notably with the introduction of the dental contract, which debuted in April 2006. Such a dynamic shift has been met with mixed responses and questions are currently being raised surrounding the professional and personal values of newly qualified dentists (The Patients' Association, 2008).
In turn, concerns are raised about levels of preparedness within higher education. As a community of educators, it is important for us to realise the ambitions of those we train to be professionals as we are somewhat responsible for instilling a sense of proficiency within them (Macfarlane, 2004). According to the higher education statistics agency, (HESA, 2006/07), predominantly large numbers of those studying to become dentists are of South Asian heritage and female. It is suggested that culture, in its broadest sense, has a significant impact upon their notion of professional identity.
Preliminary research is presented in this paper which highlights the aspirations of a sample group of dental students, from the South Asian community with respect to their profession. Initial findings reflect the discussions introduced by Bordieu (1984) on cultural capital and moreover its prevalent influence in terms of making professional choices.
Keywords: British-Asian Students, Professional Values, Cultural Identity, Higher Education
Dr. Deesha Chadha
Lecturer in Higher Education, King's Learning Institute, King's College London


Dmitri Frolov - Ten Minutes of Silence (1995)
Average: 4.9 (20 votes)
The documentary-experimental film "Ten Minutes of Silence" is a film expression of the trends embodied in the painting by Malevich's "Black Square" and John Cage's "4'33" in music. The viewer is offered an attempt to realize the reality by giving up hearing as the main channel of perception. The film is based on the history of the twentieth century, the age of world wars, catastrophes and tragedies. It is a silent scream, a silent explosion, a silent black and white abyss. "Ten minutes of silence" - a mirror of the twentieth century, a mirror of modern civilization, a mirror of our time.
Turning off the sound is as easy as drawing a "Black Square", which inevitably occurs when the film is projected onto the screen. And just as the black color absorbing all colors, self-sufficient and inexorable, became a symbol of a new era in painting, so strange and terrible silence accompanying the film, is slightly ahead of the time, foreshadowing a fundamentally new round in the development of cinematography.
Add new comment
Filtered HTML
 - Replaces [VIDEO::] tags with embedded videos.
 - Lines and paragraphs break automatically.
 - This creates an in line reference to another publication.
Plain text
 - No HTML tags allowed.
 - Lines and paragraphs break automatically.


text:
WISP: Wireless Identification and Sensing PlatformDeadline extended! Please consider contributing a chapter to the forthcoming book, Wirelessly Powered Sensor Networks, to be published by Springer in 2010. Click here for article templates and contribution information.
We are still accepting proposals for the second round of the Wisp Challenge, with awards to be made on a rolling basis. To apply, please send proposals to "wispchallenge at gmail" (addtional detail at the bottom of this page).
February 13, 2010: Thank you for a successful WISP Summit, held Nov. 3, 2009, in Berkeley, CA, in conjunction with Sensys 2009! See this page for information about the Summit, including videos.
What is WISP?
WISP stands for Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform. The term "Identification" comes from "Radio Frequency Identification" (RFID). WISPs have the capabilities of RFID tags, but also support sensing and computing. Like any passive RFID tag, WISP is powered and read by a standard off-the-shelf RFID reader, harvesting the power it uses from the reader's emitted radio signals. WISPs have been used to sense quantities such as light, temperature, acceleration, strain, liquid level, and to investigate embeddeded security. Most of the work on WISP so far has involved single WISPs performing sensing or computing functions. We think the next phase of WISP work will involve the interaction of many WISPs, and thus allow an exciting exploration of a new battery-free form of wireless sensor networking.
Most people are familiar with RFID tags. Most common are passive RFID tags, where a battery-less IC device harvests power from a nearby RFID reader and uses it to respond to the reader with an identification number. Two broadly adopted standards for this technology are the Electronic Product Code (EPC) Class 1 Generation 1 and Class 1 Generation 2 standards, which operate in the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) bands. The standard is led by EPCGlobal.
WISPs are powered by harvested energy from off-the-shelf UHF RFID readers. To a RFID reader, a WISP is just a normal EPC gen1 or gen2 tag; but inside the WISP, the harvested energy is operating a 16-bit general purpose microcontroller. The microcontroller can perform a variety of computing tasks, including sampling sensors, and reporting that sensor data back to the RFID reader. WISPs have been built with light sensors, temperature sensors, and strain gauges. WISPs can write to flash and perform cryptographic computations.
WISP is a project of Intel Research Seattle with significant input from students and faculty of the University of Washington. The lead investigator of the WISP project is Joshua R. Smith, Principal Engineer at Intel Research Seattle. The key WISP design and development personnel are Alanson Sample (Intel Research Seattle & UW EE Grad student), Dan Yeager (UW EE Grad student), and Polly Powledge (Intel Research Seattle engineer). The publications list below documents contributions from others at Intel and UW.
WISPs have these features:
- Up to 10ft range with harvested RF power
- Ultra-low power MSP430 microcontroller
- 32K of program space, 8K of storage
- Light, temperature and 3D-accelerometers
- Backscatter communication to reader
- Reader to WISP communication (ASK)
- Real-time clock
- Storage capacitor (to sense without reader)
- Voltage sensor (measures stored charge)
- Extensible hardware (to add new sensors)
- HW UART & GPIO for external connections
- Works with select EPC Class 1 Gen 2 readers
- WISP software to sense and upload data
- Reader application to drive WISP
- Industry standard development tools
- Access to hardware design and source code
For more information about WISP hardware and software, see our WISP Wiki. You'll find schematics, instructions for getting the source code, demo reader applications, and lots of other WISP resources there.
Research and Publications
- NeuralWISP: A Wirelessly-Powered Neural Interface with 1-m Range, D. Yeager, J. Holleman, R. Prasad, J. Smith, B. Otis IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.
- A Capacitive Touch Interface for Passive RFID Tags Alanson P. Sample, Daniel J. Yeager, Joshua R. Smith. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on RFID. Winner of Best Paper Award!
- NeuralWISP: An Energy-Harvesting Wireless Neural Interface with 1-m Range, Jeremy Holleman, Dan Yeager, Richa Prasad, Joshua R. Smith, and Brian Otis, Proceedings of BioCAS 2008.
- Demonstration: RFID Sensor Networks with the Intel WISP. Michael Buettner, Ben Greenstein, Richa Prasad, Alanson Sample, Joshua R. Smith, Daniel Yeager, David Wetherall. Sensys 2008. Winner of best demo award!
- RFIDs and Secret Handshakes: Defending Against Ghost-and-Leech Attacks and Unauthorized Reads with Context-Aware Communications, Alexei Czeskis, Karl Koscher, Joshua R. Smith, Tadayoshi Kohno. 15th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, October 27-31, 2008.
- Revisiting Smart Dust with RFID Sensor Networks Michael Buettner, Ben Greenstein, Alanson Sample, Joshua R. Smith. Seventh ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets-VII), Alberta, Canada, Oct 6-7 2008.
- Wirelessly-Charged UHF Tags for Sensor Data Collection, Daniel Yeager, Richa Prasad, David Wetherall, Pauline Powledge, Joshua Smith. IEEE International Conference on RFID 2008.
- Maximalist cryptography and computation on the WISP UHF RFID tag, Hee-Jin Chae, Daniel J. Yeager, Joshua R. Smith, Kevin Fu. In Proceedings of the Conference on RFID Security, July 2007.
- RFID-Based Techniques for Human Activity Recognition, [pdf] Joshua R. Smith, Kenneth P. Fishkin, Bing Jiang, Alexander Mamishev, Matthai Philipose, Adam Rea, Sumit Roy, Kishore Sundara-Rajan. Communications of the ACM, v48, no. 9, Sep 2005.
WISP & RFID Technology, etc
- WISP: A Passively Powered UHF RFID Tag with Sensing and Computation Daniel J. Yeager, Alanson P. Sample, Joshua R. Smith in S.A. Ahson, M. Ilyas Eds. RFID Handbook: Applications, Technology, Security, and Privacy, CRC Press.
- Design of an RFID-Based Battery-Free Programmable Sensing Platform Alanson P. Sample, Daniel J. Yeager, Pauline S. Powledge, Alexander V. Mamishev, Joshua R. Smith. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 57, No. 11, Nov. 2008, pp. 2608-2615.
- RFID MAC Performance Evaluation Based on ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C You-Chang Ko, Sumit Roy, Joshua R. Smith, Hyong-Woo Lee, and Choong-Ho Cho, IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 12, No. 6, June 2008.
- An Empirical Study of UHF RFID Performance Michael Buettner and David Wetherall. 14th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom 2008).
- An Enhanced RFID Multiple Access Protocol for Fast Inventory. You-Chang Ko, Sumit Roy, Joshua R. Smith, Hyung-Woo Lee, Choong-Ho Cho, IEEE Globecom 2007.
- Design of a Passively-Powered, Programmable Sensing Platform for UHF RFID Systems, Alanson P. Sample, Daniel J. Yeager, Pauline S. Powledge, Joshua R. Smith. IEEE International Conference on RFID 2007, March 26-28.
- Energy scavenging for inductively coupled passive RFID systems, B. Jiang, J. R. Smith, M. Philipose, S. Roy, K. Sundara-Rajan, and A. Mamishev. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, February 2007, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 118-125.
- A wirelessly powered platform for sensing and computation, [pdf] Joshua R. Smith, Alanson Sample, Pauline Powledge, Alexander Mamishev, Sumit Roy. Proceedings of Ubicomp 2006: 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. Orange Country, CA, USA, September 17-21 2006, pp. 495-506.
- ID Modulation: Embedding Sensor Data in an RFID Timeseries, [pdf] Joshua R. Smith, Bing Jiang, Sumit Roy, Matthai Philipose, Kishore Sundara-Rajan, Alexander Mamishev. Proceedings of Information Hiding 2005, LNCS 3727, pp. 234-246.
- Energy Scavenging for Inductively Coupled Passive RFID Systems, [pdf] Bing Jiang, Sumit Roy, Kishore Sundara-Rajan, Matthai Philipose, Joshua R. Smith, and Alexander V. Mamishev. Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Ottawa, Canada, May 17-19 2005, pp. 984-989.
- Battery-Free Wireless


Livingston Brain Data
A WebGL demo using Robert B. Livingston's 0035 brain data from the 1970's.
Screen capture of WebGL brain demo
WebGL Brain demo To view this demo, you'll need a WebGL-enabled browser. Click on the link or the screenshot above to go to the demo, it will take a while to load (the dataset contains 80,000 polygons and is about 21 Mbytes of XML).
The data shown here were acquired by Robert B. Livingston at UCSD in the 1970's. RBL had studied many brains using a process he called "cinemorphology": the tissue was infused with paraffin and successive layers were shaved off the block and photographed. He chose a particularly "average" specimen (#0035) to digitize by hand, producing contours like a topographic map, spaced about a millimeter apart. He also segmented the contours into the distinct anatomical structures shown in the demo. I've cleaned up the data a lot but it's essentially still the same coordinates RBL digitized 35 years ago.
This is the same data that was used to create imagery of Spock's brain in Star Trek: The Motion Picture (about 99 minutes into the film): Still frame from Star Trek: the Motion Picture showing use of Livingston's brain imagery


at medium, and if you can get through 2 minute sessions, start extending them. You want to hit 5-10 minutes PER SESSION.
Here's what Airofit had to say when I inquired on session durations:
You can do anything you'd like - you can do all the same exercise or you can do a few different exercises in shorter periods. Whatever you feel more comfortable with! 💪
At the beginning, we recommend taking a small break after 3 min though.
And if you feel after some time, that 5-10 min is too easy, you can also knock that time up a bit!
They are working on a more formalized program setting, so keep your eyes out for that! Here's another explanation!
Regarding the progression - we're now working on implementing the buildup process. The idea is that you'd start training with Respiratory strength at beginner level, for 3 minutes. Then do the same with vital capacity, then anaerobic tolerance.
After, you'd do the same sequence on intermediate, for 5 min, then expert for 7.
The longer your sessions, the more fatigued the corresponding muscles, the more it's compensated by muscle tissue growth.
So similar to any other muscle group, really. But then again, if you do feel tired after 5 minutes of vital capacity, you can do another 5 of strength, if that feels easier
In Vital Lung Cap, when it says "let go and freely let air in" does it mean inhale? Because then after that it tells you to inhale. When it prompts you before i almost need to take device off to let air in.
After you have squeezed out all the air in your lungs, your intercostal muscles are contracted to 'collapse' your chest and create almost a vacuum in your lungs. When you inhale passively, it means you relax your breathing muscles and let air into your lungs without inhaling actively. Once air has freely flowed into your lungs, you can inhale actively
This is probably a very strange example, but imagine if you're at that state where your lungs are completely empty, and you suddenly died. Your muscles would relax and air would flow into your lungs passively, without you actually breathing in. Maybe try even holding your nose closed. Your diaphragm should 'drop' back into its relaxed state, sucking air in automatically.
Vital lung capacity program increases the flexibility of the diaphragm. During this 'vacuum', your diaphragm is at its most extended state, and therefore stretches it. This helps to decrease the residual volume of your lungs.
During your day to day breathing you use only your tidal volume. So once you have exhaled, there is still quite a lot of air in your lungs. For it to be there, you don't need to inhale it actively. That's just the natural state of your chest cavity.
So even though you're inhaling, it shouldn't be a conscious inhale, but just due to your diaphragm relaxing.
With the next update, this program is gonna become harder - you'll need to hold your breath with empty lungs longer, depending on the difficulty level!
Never breathe through your nose when using the respiratory trainer. That's cheating!
The nose plug - staying in control of your nose/mouth breathing is a part of it. Even though nose breathing is more beneficial for you normally, training through your mouth is more efficient and convenient. That being said, without a nose plug you are in control of your airways and that's a good thing.
Do we re-oxygenate or catch our breaths better by one deep breath or shorter faster ones? The latter seems true but not intuitive to my thinking?
When it comes to re-oxygenation, I believe it's best to take deeper breaths. The alveoli concentration is higher on the lower part of your lungs, so getting air in all the way will help with better oxygen absorption.
The purpose of the program is to get your muscles used to an oxygenless environment - like they would be if you actually go for a 100% output for as long as you can.
So in theory, the less oxygen in your body during the breath-holding, the more beneficial the exercise. So you're not supposed to be comfortable. I'd rather push it to where I struggle, so I can also see the difference a few weeks in. In theory, if holding your breath is uncomfortable now, it should get easier with time.
I honestly feel like this has helped my breathing a lot during threshold riding. Even if I haven't made any physiological adaptations yet it has no doubt helped me be more controlled with my breath and be in tune with fully filling my lungs. It's awesome!
That's really nice to hear! One of the reasons why respiratory training works so quick is that you activate your nervous system, which allows you stay in control of your muscles, especially if you haven't targeted the breathing muscles before.
What is best for cycling? Anaerobic and lung capacity?
Anaerobic tolerance training is made to prolong the period of time at which you can perform at 100% power output. For most people this period is around 10 seconds long. That's why the pace at which you run 100m is not the same at 200m.
By training your apnea, you can train your muscles to get used to the oxygenless environment, and not be affected by lactate and ions so much. So you can prolong the period to say 12 seconds. In theory this means you would be able to squeeze a few more reps in weight training or start the finish burst sooner than others.
Otherwise, this will not affect the rest of your performance too much, if you do long distance cycling, instead of 200m track sprint, for example.
Lung capacity will definitely be very beneficial, since you will move out more residual volume and be able to replace it with fresh, oxygenated air.
Also, inspiratory strength is crucial for cyclists. Since your riding position means you kind of squeeze your abdominal cavity, many cyclists utilize chest breathing instead of using their diaphragm. The diaphragm contracts during an inhale, so it's important to activate the muscle in the first place and then work on its strength, speed and efficiency.
If you want to read what others think about Airofit, read our reviews.