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We present the molecular beam epitaxy fabrication and optical properties of complex GaAs nanostructures by droplet epitaxy: concentric triple quantum rings. A significant difference was found between the volumes of the original droplets and the final GaAs structures. By means of atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy, we found that a thin GaAs quantum well-like layer is developed all over the substrate during the growth interruption times, caused by the migration of Ga in a low As background.
Keywords:Molecular beam epitaxy; Droplet epitaxy; GaAs nanostructures; Photoluminescence
The fabrication of semiconductor quantum nanostructures based on self-assembly has deeply attracted the research community because of the interest in fundamental physics and the potential applications of these systems as building blocks for novel devices and quantum information technologies [1-3]. In particular, quantum rings, a special class of semiconductor nanostructures, have been investigated since they manifest a quantum-interference phenomenon, known as the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) effect, and have also been applied for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices [5-7]. Therefore, the ability in the production of quantum ring systems has a great relevance in the nanotechnology field. During the last 15 years, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been successfully employed for the fabrication of semiconductor nanoscopic rings, without the use of any lithographic step [8-11]. Based on droplet epitaxy (DE) [12,13], we recently demonstrated the fabrication and discussed the growth of GaAs concentric multiple quantum rings. The innovation in our growth protocol, compared with the standard DE, resides in the multiple steps used for the droplets crystallization. Normally the crystallization of nanometer-sized Ga droplets, automatically formed at the substrate surface after irradiation of Ga, has been achieved by supplying an As flux until the complete consumption of Ga atoms. On the contrary, we introduced many pulsed arsenization steps at different substrate temperatures, opening the possibility for the fabrication of more complex GaAs nanostructures. The partial crystallization of the available Ga inside the droplets allows changes in the subsequent As supply condition (arsenic BEP and substrate temperatures), adding an important degree of freedom in the fabrication technique. Here, we will discuss the formation of concentric triple quantum rings (CTQRs), describing the morphological features by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, and we will show the optical properties of the system, investigated by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Interestingly, we found that the volume of the final GaAs nanostructure is much lower than the expected value, estimated from the initial amount of supplied Ga. This discrepancy is justified in terms of Ga atoms diffusion from the droplets to high distance onto the substrate surface during the growth interruption steps of the procedure. This explanation is supported by the presence of an additional peak in the PL spectra consistent with the emission of a quantum well-like thin layer of GaAs formed all over the substrate.
The growth experiments were performed in a conventional GEN II MBE system using epi-ready GaAs (001) substrates. After the growth of a 500-nm-thick GaAs buffer layer and of a 200-nm-thick Al0.3Ga0.7As barrier layer at 580°C, the substrate temperature was decreased to 350°C and the As valve closed until the background pressure was below 1 × 10−9 Torr. At the same temperature, a Ga molecular beam equivalent to the formation of 10 ML of GaAs in the presence of As was supplied to the substrate surface, for the droplets formation. After that, the substrate temperature was decreased to 250°C and an As BEP of 8 × 10−7 Torr was supplied for 20 s for the partial crystallization of the original droplets into GaAs. Finally, the substrate temperature was increased to 300°C and the sample surface was irradiated by the same As BEP (8 × 10−7 Torr) for 20 min, to ensure the complete reaction of metallic Ga with As. It is worth mentioning that a growth interruption time of around 1 h was used to reach the thermal stability of the sample after each change of the substrate temperature. After the growth, the samples were taken out of the chamber for the morphological analysis by AFM and optical investigation by PL. Three samples were prepared: Sample A by stopping the growth just after the Ga supply; Sample B after completely performing the described procedure; and Sample C by burying the GaAs nanostructure in Al0.3Ga0.7As and annealing at 650°C in As atmosphere for the optical measurements. Photoluminescence spectra of Sample C were measured at T = 15 K using a green laser (λexc = 532 nm) as excitation source with a power density Pexc = 10 W/cm2 and recorded by a Peltier-cooled CCD camera.
Results and Discussion
In Fig. 1a and 1b, we show the AFM images of Sample A, where the growth was stopped just after the deposition of Ga and Sample B, where the entire procedure was performed. The Ga supply clearly resulted in the formation of nanometer-sized, nearly hemispherical Ga droplets. Their average diameter and height were around 80 and 35 nm, respectively, while the density was estimated to be around 8 × 108 cm−2. At the end of the procedure, clear CTQRs structures with good rotational symmetry appeared, with inner, middle and outer ring diameters of around 80, 140 and 210 nm, respectively, while heights were around 7 nm for the inner rings, 4 nm for middle rings and 3 nm for the outer rings. These structures showed an elongation of around 11% along the [0–11] direction, which might be due to the anisotropic diffusion of Ga on GaAs (001) surface. It is worth noticing that the inner rings showed nearly the same diameter to that of the original Ga droplet and that the density of the final GaAs structures was equal to that of the original droplets, confirming that all Ga droplets transformed into GaAs triple rings at the end of the procedure. As already discussed in Ref., the formation of the inner rings comes from the crystallization of the droplets edge, thus explaining the identity between droplets and inner rings diameters. On the contrary, middle and outer rings appear caused by the subsequent As supplies, as a result of the interplay between As adsorption and Ga migration from the droplets. Fig. 1c shows the cross-sectional height profile for Sample A (black line) and B (red line) obtained from the AFM images. It is important to point out that there is a significant difference between the number of Ga atoms initially supplied, corresponding to the equivalent amount of 10 MLs, and the number of Ga atoms, evaluated to be equivalent to around 3–4 MLs, inside the final structure. This difference suggests that only a fraction of the initially supplied Ga atoms effectively concur to the formation of the 3D nanostructures, while the other part, estimated to be around 6–7 MLs, might be consumed in another process. The reason for this discrepancy might be found considering our experimental procedure for the formation of CTQRs. As mentioned before, the three main steps of the growth are performed at different temperatures: 350°C for the droplets formation, 250°C for the first As supply and 300°C for the second As supply. To establish the thermal equilibrium of the substrate, we observed 1 h growth interruption times after each change of the substrate temperature. During these waiting times, a portion of the Ga atoms stored in the droplets might be consumed to form a 2D GaAs thin layer all over the substrate. We believe this phenomenon to be caused by a slow 2D crystallization of Ga atoms diffusing from the droplets, even in the absence of an intentional As supply. Indeed, an As background pressure of around 1 × 10−9 Torr is present during the whole procedure, thus providing the unintentional As pressure needed for the partial crystallization of Ga atoms. As we recently found in similar systems, a slow GaAs crystallization all over the substrate might take place in case of very low As supply to the Ga droplets. In these conditions of very low As flux, the surface mobility of Ga atoms is so large that an uniform layer of GaAs might be formed all over the substrate surface. In a capped sample, embedded in an Al0.3Ga0.7As barrier, this layer can act as a quantum well, confining carriers and eventually being optically active. In order to check the optical quality of CTQRs and to confirm the presence of a thin quantum well-like GaAs layer all over the substrate coming from the unintentional crystallization of a certain amount of Ga atoms during the procedure, we performed PL investigations. The same structure of Sample B was therefore grown on another sample (Sample C) and embedded in an Al0.3Ga0.7As barrier layer. Figure 2 shows the PL spectra of Sample C excited at 15 K by a green laser (λexc = 532 nm) with a power density Pexc = 10 W/cm2 and recorded by a Peltier-cooled CCD camera. In the region where the emission from quantum-confined GaAs structures is expected, two peaks, respectively named Peak 1 at 1.55 eV and Peak 2 at 1.76 eV, appeared. A calculation on the electronic structure for the CTQRs was performed in the framework of the effective


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Salvia columbariae is an annual plant that is commonly called chia, golden chia, and desert chia, because its seeds are used in the same manner as Salvia hispanica (chia). It grows in California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, and Baja California, and was an important food for Native Americans. Some native names include pashí from Tongva and it'epeš from Ventureño.
S. columbariae grows 10 to 50 cm (3.9 to 19.7 in) tall. Its stem hairs are generally short and sparse in distribution. It has oblong-ovate basal leaves that are 2 to 10 cm (0.79 to 3.94 in) long. The leaves are pinnately dissected and the lobes are irregularly rounded. The inflorescence is more or less scapose, meaning it has a long peduncle that comes from the ground level that has bracts. The bracts are round and awn-tipped. There are usually 1-2 cluster of flowers within the inflorescence. The calyx is 8 to 10 mm (0.31 to 0.39 in) long and the upper lip is unlobed but has 2 (sometimes 3) awns. The lower lip is about twice the size of the upper lip. The flower color can be pale blue to blue and purple tipped. The stamens of the plant are slightly exserted. The fruit of S. columbariae is a nutlet that is tan to grey in color and 1.5 to 2 mm (0.059 to 0.079 in) long.
S. columbariae can be found in dry undisturbed sites in chaparral, and coastal sage scrub. It generally grows at elevations lower than 1,200 m (3,900 ft). In cultivation, it prefers good drainage, sun, and dry weather.
- Salvia columbariae var. columbariae Benth. - California sage, chia
- Salvia columbariae var. ziegleri Munz - Ziegler's sage
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salvia columbariae.|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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We're happy to present this article from our partner site Yahoo!
We're happy to present this article from our partner site Yahoo! Shine:
Popping a binky in a baby's mouth is a quick way to stop them from fussing, but for boys, it may also short-circuit their emotional growth.
Read More: 10 Simple Ways to Boost Kids' Self-Esteem
Before a baby can talk, he or she relies on non-verbal cues, especially facial expressions, to communicate. Babies also mirror those cues, and in so doing, discover the emotions the cues are attached to. In a recent study published in the Journal of Basic and Applied Social Psychology researchers from the University of Wisconsin scientists evaluated over 100 kids and found that that six and seven-year-old boys who had heavily used pacifiers were worse at mimicking emotions expressed by faces on a video. They also interviewed more than 600 college students and discovered that college-age men whose parents reported they had relied on pacifiers scored lower on tests measuring empathy and the ability to evaluate the moods of others. For girls and young women, the researchers found there was no difference in emotional maturity based on pacifier use.
Read on to learn more about this study.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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1. 'Superinfection' with HIV Raises Questions. People who have repeated exposure to HIV can acquire different viral strains at different times, a phenomenon called "superinfection."
2. Springing Ahead May Uncoil the Heart. When the clocks are moved ahead for daylight saving time, the disrupted circadian rhythm could result in a heart attack.
3. Cancer Survivors Face Major Health Risks. A growing population of cancer survivors faces an increased risk of radiation-related second malignancy and cardiovascular disease (CVD) for which little evidence-based clinical guidance has emerged.


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led with an "East Asian" flavor spurred scholars to look pessimistically upon expressions of local identity in art music production. Due to this, many scholars persistently have underestimated the influence of the local social context in the process of contemporary music composition. In this paper, the author considers the impact of national cultural memory on the work of midto late-twentieth-century East Asian composers. Drawing on the assumption that society and culture determine individual and collective memory (Velicu 2011), the author investigates the ways by which pivotal twentieth-century East Asian composers conjured cultural memory through use of local musical idioms and iconic melodies. The author focuses on three major late-twentieth-century symphonic works of well-known composers from Korea, Japan and China: Isang Yun's (1917–1995) Exemplum in Memoriam Gwangju (1981), Hosokawa Toshio's (1955) Voiceless Voice in Hiroshima (2000) and Zhu Jian'er's (1922) Symphony No. 6 (1992–1994). Each of these works meditates on a pivotal moment in each country's respective national history. In revisiting a shared cultural memory, the composers employ sonic indices and clear structures to conjure an aesthetic of belonging. All three composers choose the symphonic form and contrast eurogenic structures and aesthetics with iconic aural imagery from local history and musical traditions. In this hybridity, the composers delve into national trauma, communicating a clear perspective which entangles their work into local cultural memory. Through an analysis of each symphonic work and the narratives of the composers about thei work, the author uncovers the relationship between cultural memory, tradition, compositional practice and paradigms of national identity.
Interculturality is a popular concept in the world of Korean contemporary music composition. Rather than a collection of divergent musical forms fused via composition, the term interculturality implies a groundedness integral and inseparable from the identity of the composer, as well as that of the listener. Therefore, when studying the work of contemporary Korean composers, questions regarding to what extent and in what form both personal and cultural contexts influence musical themes and forms are often relevant. In this paper, I examine the compositions of Hae-Sung Lee (*1961) in order to explore interculturality as a process of identity articulation. Like with many contemporary Korean composers, Lee's compositional training and experience is grounded within the European art tradition and underscores her approach to composition. At the same time, while not explicitly writing "Korean" contemporary music, her personal history and cultural background frame her perspective on compositional focus and aesthetics. Straddling musical worlds, Hae-Sung Lee's awareness of her identity has always been a main concern for her, whether in a direct or indirect way. Lee disapproves of assumptions regarding a fusion of the assumed-monolithic "Korean" and "Western" musical cultures. Instead, she stresses that when musical cultures interact nuanced distinctions emerge. Lee's perspective is one embodying a pursuit of aesthetic equality through a reciprocal interchange between musical cultures; something which I contend forms the heart of any intercultural music practice. In this paper, I examine bicultural orchestration and Korea-specific sociological-historic themes in Lee's works in order to illustrate this perspective on interculturality. To explore Lee's compositional perspective, the paper analyzes Mulkil (Waterway) for Violin, 2 Hae-Gums, and Cello (2000), Darem for Gayago and Violin (2001), Maruta for Orchestra (1995), Sae-ya Sae-ya for Violin and Orchestra (2003).


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Standards: What they are and what we do
Standards - definition
Standards are agreed criteria designed to ensure that products and services meet minimum thresholds.
They cover areas such as:
- Environmental impact.
Standards create a climate of trust in the marketplace for goods and services. For customers, a certified standard is a badge of quality. For business, it can provide protection against unfair competition and help instil consumer confidence.
Standards and trade
As a cost-effective way of complying with regulations, Standards help to stimulate trade both in domestic and overseas markets. Many public sector contracts are required to comply with specified standards.
Voluntary standards are a form of flexible self-regulation for business and can remove the need for government-imposed regulation, which tends to be more rigid and less adaptable.
NSAI works closely with the Irish Government and provides support to the Department of Enterprise, Trade, Employment and Innovation
on the subject of the removal of technical trade barriers.
Legally enforceable standards
The standardization of most products and services is a voluntary process. However, some standards are established by law, through European Directives and Irish legislation.
These are designed to protect the public and employees, and include:
Within Ireland, NSAI develops standards through a consultative process, which usually involves the following stages:
- Identifying the need to set a standard
- Defining the scope of the standard (e.g. the technical, environmental or safety specifications which need to be set)
- Consulting with other interested parties with a view to achieving a consensus
- Publishing the agreed standards for the relevant product or service
- Issuing certification.
The following links provide details on standards consultative committees:
In determining standards, the views of all stakeholders are taken into account. Depending upon the product or service under scrutiny, these might include:
- Consumer groups
- Governmental organizations
- Research organizations.
To aid the process of building consensus, NSAI has established a number of Standards Consultative Committees across various sectors.
Together with the national standards bodies from the other countries of the European Union and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), NSAI is involved in setting standards for a range of products and services, including:
- Pressure vessels
- Electrical and electronic products
- Building products
- Industrial machines.
NSAI is affiliated to the International Organization for Standardization, better known by its acronym, ISO.
A non-governmental organization that spans the public and private sectors, ISO coordinates the work of 161 national Standards Authorities. ISO has developed over 17,500 International Standards.
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Electro-Technical Council of Ireland
NSAI participates in the work of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in conjunction with the Electro-Technical Council of Ireland (ETCI
). ETCI is the body nominated to harmonize electrical standards under the Low Voltage Directive
The ETCI represents Ireland on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC
) and on the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC
). The ETCI is sponsored by NSAI
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Get involved in consultation
NSAI formulates Standards through consultation with all interested parties. We have a range of Standards Consultative Committees. For more information on how to get involved in this process, see Standards Committees
Standards are continually evolving as new information comes to light and new processes and products are developed. You can access listings of new Irish standards published in 2013 or you can search for and buy Standards online.
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Africa could reduce its poverty levels faster by focusing more on the production of staples rather than export crops, according to a study by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
Authors of the study, conducted in 10 countries south of the Sahara, noted, "One important finding is that producing more staple crops, such as maize, pulses and roots, and more livestock products tends to reduce poverty further than producing more export crops such as coffee or cut flowers."
According to the study, while more public resources would be required to generate more agricultural growth, "such public investment in staple sectors is probably cost effective".
The authors argued that growth in the staple sector was more likely to benefit the poor than growth in the agricultural export sector.
Enoch Mwani, an agricultural economist at the University of Nairobi, concurred. "The agricultural export sector is generally associated with large corporations, but the poor rely predominantly on staples to survive."
Mwani added that growth in staples had the effect of not only reducing poverty but also ensuring food security.
"[Governments that] invest in staples have the opportunity to increase food availability and, at the same time, create wealth for smallholders," Mwani told IRIN.
To spur development in sub-Saharan Africa, the study's policy conclusions call for a focus on accelerating agricultural growth; promoting growth in large agricultural subsectors; supporting growth across several agricultural subsectors; and promoting growth in subsectors with strong linkages to the overall economy and the poor.
[ This report does not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. ]
By; Prudence Lugendo


4S8. The STM results, of course, should be taken with a grain of salt since STM is surface sensitive and something different might be happening in the bulk. Anyway, some hypotheses have been put forth to figure out what is going on microscopically in these materials. Here is a recent theoretical paper putting forth a plausible explanation for some of the observed phenomena.
Before concluding, I would just like to point out that the relatively recent (and remarkable) results on the hidden metallic state in TaS2 (see here as well), which again is a Mott-like insulator in the low temperature state, is likely related to the phenomena in the other materials. The relationship between the "hidden state" in TaS2 and the switching in the other insulators discussed here seems to not have been recognized in the literature.
Anyway, I heartily recommend reading this review article to gain more insight into these topics for those who are interested.


Should you've been in stone rising company or recently begun yourself, you'll want noticed climbers with chalk whilst increasing. When it's at a gymnasium or some crag (natural scaling shores), climbers ordinarily have a twist or pouch dangling off their own waist. You'll usually see they dip his hands or catch a pinch and then rub hands together.
Intent Behind Growing Chalk
Why rock climbers use chalk? It isn't for style and aesthetics if that is what you are wondering. There exists a really practical reason it's used. The body creates produces moisture which looks on the skin, particularly the palms. Sweet oil, and also different kinds of fluids may naturally shape and stick to the epidermis.
For any type of job, having perspiration in both own hands can be quite a hindrance. While increasing, having moisture onto your own hands and palms can be especially dangerous and insecure. Sweat and moisture may leave the fingers slippery. When scaling, this usually means that you run the danger of losing your traction and also injuring yourself whether you should be in a heightened posture.
The chalk can be used to consume the droplets and moisture which appear in your own hands. This keeps it's dry. The chalk additionally provides you the grip and traction you want to hold from both hands if needed.
What's scaling chalk manufactured from?
Climbing chalk can be a natural compound salt which is a solid chemical. The emblem signifies there is really just alone magnesium atom, one carbon atom, as well as also three oxygen molecules at the most molecule of MgCO3. As a compound, it's pretty safe as it will not contain any hazardous elements.
Magnesium Carbonate isn't used just in scaling. It's employed as a part of various items like fire proofing fabric, flooring, makeup and toothpaste, and dusting powder, etc.. When useful for traction and grip in sports, then it's called scaling chalk or health chalk.
Sorts of Growing Chalk
Growing chalk could arrive in several varieties based upon its planned usage. In the majority of forms, it remains powerful thus simple to manage in your own palms and hands. Magnesium carbonate is normally accessible to several common types.
Magnesium Carbonate in freeform or as powdered chalk is perhaps probably one of the very typical sights in sports. When you've ever observed the Olympic Games, you've seen it despite the fact that you did not know very well what it had been in those days. Now you need to have observed a gymnast step upward to and including basin and employ a white powder liberally on his hands prior to doing. That really is powdered chalk.
One of those troubles with powdered chalk is it can become quite cluttered. Whenever a climber or athlete scooped excess powder off out of his own palms, it increases the present cloud of dust from the area. It's more bothersome when people athletes or nearby breathe within this particular specific powder. Additionally, powdered chalk is quite nice. This implies that it may very quickly make its way outside of bags and spill-over your laundry or alternative gear.
Chalk balls have been essentially loose powder wrapped into a cloth ball that is handy. The fabric tote is constructed from fabric which lets the powder float through in tiny portions. To make utilize of it, then you merely need to hit your ball and catch it. The porous nature of the fabric blows off the wax to both hands. The fabric chunk is a favorite pick for climbers as it's really a handy option whilst increasing. You may certainly carry it into a scatter bag or pouch and also own it even on the steepest shore. Chalk balls are readily the perfect selection for indoor climbing and health spas.
1 drawback of chalk balls would be you can't entirely dip both hands into the chalk. Covering the hands with chalk can be required in outdoor growing scenarios. In such scenarios, chalk balls are not as effective as loose chalk. Some paths are understood to carry chalk balls in addition to loose chalk at a pouch. This permits them to really truly own the very best of these options.
Climbing chalk additionally comes from the shape of rectangular or squarish blocks. The goods are typically magnesium carbonate in a virtually pure type. This implies they don't include any extra ingredients to improve their shape or shape. These cubes can be purchased from stores that sell it packs of eight or six. But, you are going to realize that many shops will willingly market them in individual bits too, for individual usage.
The principal benefit of the sort of climbing Challenge is the fact it provides you with more reachable storage and also potentially more shelflife. You are able to break some of the cubes and utilize it loose powder when keeping the remaining portion of the cube for later usage. In this manner, that you never disintegrate the whole cube to cluttered powder and you also have components made for after usage.
Liquid chalk could very well be the most suitable option among the rest of the kinds of chalk. As its name implies this chalk is sold in liquid form and can be dispersed through tubes or tiny bottles. Since you administer it upon your own palms, the alcohol-based from the chalk lets it wash out and keeps the chalk at your palms. Once the process dries, then the chalk continues much more than other kinds of chalk. Pros recommend using liquid chalk directly prior to beginning a rise such that it melts as much while you begin your scaling session.
Liquid chalk isn't quite as cluttered as loose cut, and that is the reason it is the preferred mode for indoor fitness centers and climbing gyms. Liquid chalk leaves less residue on scaling structures and stones, ergo they have been simpler to keep up. On the flip side, liquid chalk might be relatively higher priced in contrast to other conventional forms.
These various forms of scaling chalk each have their own benefits and drawbacks. The crucial issue to understand and remember is you ought to utilize them based on your own situation along with familiarity. Upon getting hold of just the way each type works, you will be in a position to decide on the ideal scaling chalk for your own circumstance.
Climbers use chalk because to put it simply it can help them stay glued into the wall socket. There are a lot of unique types of chalk, and picking the best one necessitates thinking about your personal circumstance. What can you wish to carry, what type of environment are you really climbing in, and also which will be the principles of this area are typical questions you have to think about.


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- Why do teachers tell you to take off your hat?
- Who invented homework?
- Why do we not wear hats indoors?
- Why do teachers hate hoods?
- Why do teachers hate Wikipedia?
- Does school make you dumber?
- Why are teachers so mean?
- Is it disrespectful to wear a military hat?
- Is it rude to wear a hood indoors?
- Why is it disrespectful to wear a hat?
- Is it rude to wear a hat in class?
- Why are schools so boring?
- Why do you put a cowboy hat upside down?
- Can teachers wear hoodies?
- Why do schools not allow hats?
Why do teachers tell you to take off your hat?
Some teachers are adamantly opposed to it – they see wearing a hat as disrespectful.
In some cultures a hat is taken off as a sign of respect and for the most part that has been the custom in the US.
When passing by someone they knew they would lift their hat as a sign of respectful greeting..
Who invented homework?
Roberto NevelisRoberto Nevelis of Venice, Italy, is often credited with having invented homework in 1095—or 1905, depending on your sources. Upon further inspection, however, he seems to be more of an internet myth than an historical personage.
Why do we not wear hats indoors?
When and Where It's Not Proper for Men to Wear Hats Hats were originally designed to keep the head warm, protect it from the sun, and keep the dust out of his eyes. They were removed when the man went indoors to prevent the dust on the hat from getting on the furniture and floor of the house.
Why do teachers hate hoods?
Some teachers believe students should not be allowed to wear hoods because school should represent the workplace, where an employee would not be allowed to wear a hood. … But the most common reason that teachers argue against hoods is based on the personal belief that wearing hoods is disrespectful.
Why do teachers hate Wikipedia?
They cannot possibly convey all of the information in the world that people are interested in. Even in the current era of the internet, encyclopedia companies cannot be comprehensive and current because the manpower just doesn't exist. Wikipedia allows any user in the world to create entries and edit current entries.
Does school make you dumber?
School does not teach children how to develop their capacity to think logically so that they can reach to their own conclusions when presented with information. … Hence their critical thinking is prevented from improving, and as a result children are turned into stupid automatons.
Why are teachers so mean?
One of the reasons teachers may seem mean is because they feel like their students aren't listening to them and like they're not getting any respect. When your teacher is talking, listen carefully and avoid getting distracted by your phone, the people in the halls, or your classmates.
Is it disrespectful to wear a military hat?
If you are wearing it in an attempt to claim service and or qualifications you do not have (e.g. a maroon beret (Airborne) ) then yes its disrespectful – and also quite dangerous as some serving and ex military may express their displeasure in a physical manner.
Is it rude to wear a hood indoors?
Yes, it's rude to wear hoods indoors plus the only reason I'd be wearing the hood would be to cover from the rain or if I was cold.
Why is it disrespectful to wear a hat?
According to the etiquette experts over at the Emily Post Institute, the act of removing your hat indoors is a longtime sign of respect. In fact, it probably began with medieval knights. … In other words: wearing a hat at the wrong time is rude because wearing a hat at the wrong time is rude, writes todayifoundout.com.
Is it rude to wear a hat in class?
No, wearing a hat to class is not disrespectful.
Why are schools so boring?
But the underlying reasons for the boredom are significant and troubling, according to a report released today. … About 30 percent of the students indicate they are bored due to lack of interaction with teachers and 75 percent report material being taught is not interesting.
Why do you put a cowboy hat upside down?
When you leave your hat on a flat surface or put it away in a hat box, set it upside down. This lets the hat air out and keeps the brim's shape intact. (Plus, there's an old cowboy superstition that says all the luck will run out if you set the hat brim-side down!)
Can teachers wear hoodies?
Rule #11: Leave your hoodies at home. At one school, teachers better not show up wearing shirts with hoods (popularly called hoodies). "Our principal said that's what criminals wear.
Why do schools not allow hats?
One reason hats are banned is because it is a distraction. How could a hat be a distraction? Students are allowed to wear bracelets in school and some of them are brightly colored and could easily become a distraction, but they are not banned. … Another excuse for banning hats is it's disrespectful to wear hats indoors.


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Estimations of magnetic core loss are of great interest to power electronics engineers and magnetic material scientists. However, conventional measurement methods, like four-wire and calorimeters are typically not accurate at high frequency, or are too complicated and time consuming.
A CPES research team has developed a series of new methods to measure high-frequency magnetic core loss that are simple, fast, accurate and adaptive for any excitation waveform and dc flux level. The new methods compare the core being tested with air core by using reactive cancellation concept, explains Mingkai Mu, a Ph.D. student who invented these methods. "Since the air core is lossless," he says, "the difference in the two cores represents the loss for the core being tested."
The measurement accuracy of the new method is more robust with phase discrepancy, which is the major problem for high-frequency core loss measurement, he notes. The new methods are appropriate for high frequency (1 MHz–100 MHz, or even higher) measurement. "With these new methods, core loss for different flux waveforms can be accurately measured and many magnetic phenomena and models can be verified," he says. The new methods can be the standard methods for high-frequency magnetic materials loss characterization, and be built as high-accuracy measurement instruments."


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The Steering Committee of the Vienna 2 Initiative met on January 13, 2014 in Vienna to discuss the Initiative's priorities for 2014. At the meeting, hosted and chaired by Raiffeisen Bank International, the following five priorities for the Vienna Initiative were agreed:
- Promote an all-inclusive Banking Union, with a special focus on non-EU members in the Southeastern European (SEE region). Given the Euro area banks' systemic importance in these countries, and with most countries on the path to EU membership already, it is critical that a coordination framework is developed between non-EU member SEE countries and the new European supervisory and resolution authorities. In parallel, the operationalization of the Banking Union, including the Single Supervisory Mechanism, bank resolution, and backstop design, requires continuing attention for the EU non opt-in countries. The Vienna Initiative will actively advise and support this process, acknowledging meanwhile the importance of the speedy completion of the EU Banking Union.
- Closely monitor deleveraging and credit trends in the Central, Eastern, and Southeastern European (CESEE) region. Cross-border funding withdrawal, crisis legacy issues such as high non-performing loans (NPLs), and the prospect of tightening financing conditions from unwinding of unconventional monetary policy actions by advanced economy central banks can together present a considerable risk to credit recovery, and therefore growth, in the region. The Steering Committe will continue its close monitoring to spot any systemic risks at an early juncture through the Initiative's flagship products the Deleveraging and Credit Monitor and the Bank Lending Survey.
- Tackle the critical NPL problem in the CESEE countries through a coordinated multi-stakeholder effort. NPL levels in many countries in this region are quite high and still rising. This hinders credit growth and economic recovery. The Initiative will engage banks, regulators and International Financial Institutions (IFIs) to create incentives for jump-starting a speedy and fair NPL resolution in 2014 and design joint country action plans in this area.
- Increase credit enhancement and risk mitigation to support new credit in the context of still high risk perception in the CESEE region. A working group has been formed to evaluate existing credit support schemes and to come up with concrete proposals for more effective credit enhancement schemes.
- Develop faster local funding sources in CESEE countries. Shifting away from a model dependent on cross-border financing requires greater and fast diversification of funding sources. The development of local currency capital markets is of particular importance. Progress in this area must be accelerated to help credit and recovery and the IFIs participating in the Vienna Initiative can proactively support this process.
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Working With Great General Attorneys
Issues That Prolong Divorce Cases
by Maurice Moore
The average divorce case takes around one full year, but some cases take much longer. When couples divorce, they typically must go through a series of steps to accomplish this goal. Couples can speed up their cases by quickly working through the steps, or they can drag out their cases by arguing about issues. If you are ready to start a divorce case and want it to go quickly, it might be helpful for you to understand the primary issues that prolong divorce cases.
Fights Over the House
When a married couple owns a house together, the loan and title probably contain both spouses' name. Additionally, both spouses probably have equal rights to the home. Your divorce case will be delayed, though, if you cannot decide who gets to keep the house. If you can choose which spouse gets the house, you might also argue over how much the house is worth. If this happens, you may fight over how much one spouse must pay to buy the other out. Some couples have many issues over their homes, and these issues will cause major delays in a divorce case. To speed up your case, find a way to reach a fair settlement over the house quickly.
Issues with the Kids
The second issue that couples often face is how to divide the kids. When a couple fights over child custody, it often results in a battle. The lawyers in the case must battle it out with each other, and the court might even have to step in and decide for them. Custody battles frequently occur with divorces, but other issues relating to the kids can also prolong a divorce. For example, if you cannot agree on child support payments, alimony, or child visitation, it may cause delays in your case.
Disputes Over Debts and Assets
The other issue that couples fight about is finding a fair way to split assets and debts. This issue can be especially hard in second marriages if the couple did not create a prenuptial agreement. Your divorce lawyer will work hard on fighting for a fair settlement, but you may need to give in a little if you want to speed up the case. Fighting over these issues is a common part of a divorce, but it is also something that drags out a case. Talk to a divorce lawyer if you have questions about your case.


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Art Fraud Forensics
An engineer helps curators foil forgers
How many engineering jobs let you take a van Gogh off the wall and hold it in your hands? The kind C. Richard Johnson Jr. landed. He's both an electrical engineering professor at Cornell University, in Ithaca, N.Y., and an adjunct research fellow at the Van Gogh Museum, in Amsterdam. As such, Johnson says, he can "speak the language of people on both sides."
And when the two sides talk, they mainly talk about fraud and how to detect it. Two years ago, Johnson organized a conference at the museum that brought together researchers from Pennsylvania State University and Princeton, in the United States and Maastricht University in the Netherlands. Together, they processed high-resolution images with specially designed signal-processing algorithms to help sort fake van Goghs from real ones at the brushstroke level. It was the first time that image-processing teams at different universities could compare authentication approaches on the same paintings. Another workshop will follow next year at the Museum of Modern Art, in New York City.
Painting by numbers:
C. Richard Johnson [left, center] uses signal-processing algorithms to authenticate canvases believed to be painted by van Gogh.
"Fraud detection is a 'sexy' topic, which is why it was an early focus of my activities," says Johnson. "But we're 10 to 15 years away from the computer having any authority in it. So now my colleagues and I are pursuing a wide variety of issues of interest to conservators and art historians, where signal processing can provide assistance that reaches well beyond just the detection of frauds."
Johnson's current focus is on canvas thread counts—the number of horizontal threads crossing a vertical line 1 centimeter long—to identify paintings from the same roll of canvas. "Placing a questioned painting on the same canvas roll as a painting known to be from a particular artist supports authentication to an artist who bought canvas in rolls, as van Gogh often did," he says. "When canvas is prepared with a lead white ground, the grooves between the threads are filled with radio-opaque material," says Johnson. "This registers in an X-ray as an intensity pattern that reveals the individual threads, permitting a calculation of the weave density." The pattern is then analyzed with a Fourier transform, the same technique that radio engineers use to break down a signal into a series of simple sine waves.
The team is distributing the software free to museums. The Van Gogh Museum already uses the data generated to identify paintings from the same canvas roll by determining how the sections were arranged on the roll before being cut for use.
Johnson stumbled into art as he wandered through Berlin museums during a college year abroad while earning a bachelor's in electrical engineering from Georgia Tech. Later, while working on his Ph.D. in EE at Stanford, he took a class in the Dutch masters, which rekindled his passion. In 1977, he became the first Ph.D. student to graduate from the university with a minor in art history.
He went straight into academia, teaching at Virginia Tech until 1981, when he moved to Cornell. He was named an IEEE Fellow in 1989 for his work in digital control and signal processing.
"This kind of research is not something to recommend to Ph.D. students. There are no jobs, no one's eager to fund this, and it's career killing for any pretenure academic," he says, laughing. "But for me, it's like having a backstage pass. I go to a conservation studio and can take a van Gogh out of its frame and examine it."
About the Author
Susan Karlin lists among her achievements acting, drawing, traveling to every continent on Earth, and writing for publications such as The New York Times, Entertainment Weekly, and Spectrum. For this issue she follows the trail of a coffee-making cellphone in "Phone-y Brew" [p. 22] and reports on an electrical engineer who helps museums spot fake van Goghs in "Art Fraud Forensics" [p. 23].


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Role of Beacon frames in 802.11:
- The access points (APs) has to broadcast the beacon frames periodically over one of the 11 channels, according to the 802.11 standard.
- A beacon frame carries service set identifier (SSID) and medium access control (MAC) address of an AP.
- When a wireless station enters into a Wi-Fi jungle (which is formed by two or more APs), it scans 11 channels and seeks beacon frames from different APs.
- After knowing available APs through beacon frames, wireless station can associate with one of the available APs.
Therefore, the role of a beacon frame is to help a wireless station to discover and identify a nearby Access point (AP) to associate with it.
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Chuck Norris is the ultimate mutex, all threads fear him.


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Subject Identification Definition and Exercises
Finding subjects is easy once you have found the verb in the sentence.
Let's take our first example:
Taking dangerous risks seems to frighten most hardworking people.
What + Verb + The rest of the Sentence?
(What) seems to frighten most hardworking people?
The answer is: Taking dangerous risks.
So "Taking dangerous risks" is the subject of the sentence. Let's go back to exercise #1 where you already found the verbs and find the subjects of those verbs.
Finding Subjects: Exercise #1
The subject of a sentence can never be found within a prepositional phrase.
Finding Subjects in Prepositional Phrases
Exercise Part A. Put brackets around the prepositional phrases in the following paragraph. The first sentence is done for you.
[At the age] [of twelve] I won the swimming award [at the Lions Camp] [for
Finding Subjects Exercise
Underline all the subjects in the following paragraph. Remember that subjects cannot be found in prepositional phrases.
Exercise: Finding Subjects
Read the following paragraph and underline the subjects. Some sentences will have more than one subject.
Cartoon superheroes are made up of a number of common traits. They have
extraordinary powers and abilities. They vary greatly, but superhuman strength, the
ability to fly and the ability to project energy are often common. Batman and Green
Hornet possess no superpowers but they know martial arts. Most superheroes risk
their own safety in the service of good. Many refuse to kill an opponent, even
though they threaten the safety of others. Many superheroes use a descriptive or
symbolic code name. A supporting cast of characters includes the hero's friends and
family. Superheroes often have a secret headquarters or base. Female characters
include Invisible Woman, Black Canary and Raven. Some examples of non-Caucasian
characters are the Black Panther, Shang Chi and Cyborg.
In the following paragraph:
The Chinese animal signs are a 12 year cycle dating the years. They represent a circular
concept of time. In the Chinese calendar, the beginning of the calendar falls between late
January and early February. The Chinese have adopted the Western calendar except for
festive occasions such as the Chinese New Year. Each of the animal signs has a
horoscope. A Pig and an Ox bring prosperity. Tigers have magnetic personalities with others
while Rabbits are unhappy with strangers. Dragons lose their tempers easily. Snakes lean
toward elegance and expensiveness while Rats tend to budget carefully. Roosters begin
many projects at one time to keep busy Dogs and Horses react unpredictably but they form
good relationships with others. Monkeys project an image of mischief, and Sheep resent
being led by others.


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The reconstituted village of the
Droulers/Tsiionhiakwatha Archaeological Site Interpretation Center
When Jacques Cartier arrived, the St. Lawrence Valley was inhabited by various Native communities, including the St. Lawrence Iroquoians. By the beginning of the 17th century, the St. Lawrence Iroquoian population seems to have deserted the St. Lawrence Valley, while several other groups, including the Huron-Wendats and the Five-Nation Iroquois, vied for control of the area. Like their St. Lawrence Iroquoian compatriots, the Iroquoians living at Saint-Anicet left few clues as to their fate.
Nevertheless, these people's traditions may not be entirely lost, and certain communities are making an effort to ensure that they are kept alive for future generations.
© Droulers/Tsiionhiakwatha Archaeological Site Interpretation Center, 2012. All rights reserved.


Yodeling – it's all in the voice.
Yodeling had its origins in the call from mountain to mountain, the communication from Alp to Alp. Recognisable from the very first few notes, this Alpine music has the love for nature and home as its central themes.
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Yodeling is a form of singing that involves singing with repeated changes in pitch from the chest register to the head register without using words that mean anything. As described this way, yodeling is spread worldwide. It is especially in mountainous and inaccessible regions that natural yodeling communication forms have developed in order to communicate from one hill to the other or to bring in the cows. Although yodeling was probably being used back in the Stone Age, the choir singing of the yodeling songs only developed in the 19th century.
Yodeling songs of the natural yodelers
When a solo yodeler starts to sing a slow sequence of notes, the other yodelers hum along with the appropriate tone, and provide a spontaneous melody – resulting in natural yodel singing. In this primitive way, in the various mountain regions of Switzerland, one-to five-part yodeling songs are sung without words. In the Muota Valley, the "Jüüzli" is sung with two or three voices, while the Appenzell "Zäuerli" and "Ruggusserli" are polyphonic natural yodels that are often spontaneously improvised. During festivals and special occasions polyphonic natural yodels are often accompanied by talerschwingen or bell shaking (small Alpine bells). What makes the natural tones of the natural yodel so special is the eleventh tone, the natural tone, or alphorn Fa. This unique tone in C major is neither heard as "F" nor as "F sharp" but is somewhere in between. For many people, this "Fa" can be hard to get used to because since the 18th century, when "well-tempered" tuning was introduced, this sound has disappeared from the usual tone series.
Yodel choirs and yodel songs
In Switzerland and the other Alpine countries, yodeling developed into song in the 19th century. The yodel song, now with a two, three and four-part harmony, and usually accompanied by a "Schwyzerörgeli" (accordion) is the genre most favoured by yodelers in associations. In 1910, these merged into the Swiss Yodeling Association. Each year they perform in front of the jurors in regional and cantonal yodeling festivals and every three years in a national yodeling festival. The songs are about the mountains, nature and home, and also include issues such as freedom and independence. Since 1971, spiritual yodeling songs have also been sung at festivals. Today there are about 2,000 compositions of Swiss yodeling songs, mainly in German, but also in French. Yodeling is now no longer really practiced in the Italian and Romansh-speaking areas of the country, and if so, predominantly German-language songs are sung.
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How to choose your instrument
Well want though to be musical instruments, is how to choose or how good practice what instruments.
 1. When you start the instrument, called and wants to become like can play this instrument to
 If the loss is good if a specific instrument We recommend going to various musical instrument store.
 2. You can try playing tried various musical instrument shop.
 Clavier if's guitar and bass, piano and stringed instruments, rough
 If there was a drum set, able to tap into the try. And the good will and practice instruments right into his hands and body sensations.


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Poker Chips - Construction and Production
It's a common mistake that people usually think poker chips a made of clay only. If it was really so, they would be simply breakable and that can't be practically used in casinos.
So we clearly understand now that casinos can't use the only one material for producing poker chips, right? So let's now show the real state of affairs, what exactly is poker chips made of.
Well, the material is certain-proportions mixed ingredients which interact and take on a cast of a perfect poker chip. Of course they will include the clay but not only. Some of the chip manufactures use ceramic chips, some of the Las Vegas casinos are a good example to prove the issue. Ceramic chips are also frequently used for home poker games.
Play of Components and Tricks of Manufacturers
Despite the fact that most people think that chips are made of clay only, it may sometimes include some earth materials as chalk or sand. Though on practice some manufactures (as for the chips for personal usage) will try to assure you that the chips they produce are "absolutely the same as in Las Vegas casinos" or "are produced of the same components", in real, they are sometimes may be made from simple plastic and include some steel parts in it. After all, most of people are still sure their home poker chips are authentic. As for the Las Vegas casinos, their poker chips are made mostly of clay or are simply made of a specially processed ceramic.
The Actual Process
The process including the range, value and weight of materials used is kept in secret. Even though, some of the process-undergoing features are known. The chips edges are colored differently not because they are actually colored with paint, but because the manufacturers removed some tiny pieces of clay with different colored clay. This process is actually done before the large cylinder was cut into small pieces.
So you have probably understood that before making the chips form round and flat, the materials are combined in a certain form, a cylinder.
Once a cylinder is cut into the forms of chips, the outer engraving is added. That is done one step before the shaping process starts. Engraving is individual for every casino. The engraving is not like engraving in common sense. Actually it is made of paper including a small and thin layer of plastic. These components are placed on the chips before the neat step of giving them an appropriate rounded shape.
To form and press the chip, every chip is put in its own vessel to make a needed shape. Then the chips are slowly compressed and heated at 300 degrees Fahrenheit. One this process is being made; the clay and other materials are fused together.
Ceramic and Plastic Chips
Such kinds of chips are the mostly popular among casual poker lovers. As for the ceramic chips, they are often called clay chips and that exactly was the idea of those who produced them. Actually the manufacturers add some resin to make ceramic chips sound as real clay chips or very closely.
Other chips are just made from plastic and such chips are considered the cheapest ones.
From now on you can freely tell that you know everything about poker chips. Good luck in poker practicing and don't forget to have fun in the process!
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you are using and which version of the plug-in you have, the import options can vary greatly, so here a general general guide on what options to use:
- Turn on Animation – Without this the animation won't be imported
- Animation Take: This drop down list will be populated with all the takes saved in the fbx file. Simply select the one you want to import.
- Fill Timeline – This will set the correct start and end time in your scene for the take you are importing.
- Set File content: Update scene elements/Exclusive merge will import just the animation from the fbx file on to objects with the same names as those in your current scene. This option can be used to import animation on to your clean character.
- Set File content: Add to scene will add the entire contents of the fbx file to your current scene including animation geometry and anything else supported by the importer plugin you are using.
- Protect driven keys. Activating this will prevent the plug-in applying animation to any joints which use set driven keys or expressions
Importing a character into MotionBuilder
Exporting animation from MotionBuilder
Importing an FBX File
So there you have it, how to prepare, export and import your character into MotionBuilder. As with any of the tutorials, please add your own comments on different work flows or let me know if any of this isn't making sense.


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Ras Nouadhibou (Arabic: رأس نواذيبو) is a 40-mile peninsula or headland in the African coast of the Atlantic Ocean, by the Tropic of Cancer. It is internationally known as Cap Blanc in French or Cabo Blanco in Spanish (both meaning "White Cape").
In the 14th and 15th centuries, fishing activities carried out from the nearby Canary Islands, by Spanish fishermen, inspired Spain to develop an interest in the desert coast of what is today called Western Sahara.
Cabo Blanco, in the Atlantic Ocean, is the only place in the world where Mediterranean monk seals form a true colony. In 1997, two-thirds of the colony died off, but there has been gradual recovery since.
This thin stretch of land is divided between Mauritania and Morocco. On the western side lies the ghost town of La Guera; on the eastern side, less than a mile from the border, lies Mauritania's Nouadhibou (formerly Port Etienne).
Portuguese sailing explorers first reached the location they called Cabo Branco in 1441. The Spanish interest in Western Africa, in the desert coast of the Sahara, resulted from fishing activities carried out from the Canary Islands by Spanish fishermen, who also hunted and traded seal. The Spanish fished and whaled off the Sahara coast from Dakhla to Ras Nouadhibou from 1500 to the present, ranging from whaling humpback whales and whale calves, mostly in Cape Verde, the Guinea gulf in Annobon, and the São Tomé and Príncipe islands. These fishing activities have had a negative impact on wildlife and caused the disappearance or endangerment of many species of marine mammals and birds.
The Spanish originally claimed the land from 20° 51' N (near Cap Blanc) to 26° 8' N (near Cape Bojador) in 1885. This protectorate was governed from the Canary Islands in 1887. France would later claim the Western Sahara. At a joint convention held in 1900, the French and Spanish settled the boundary, dividing the area between Spanish Sahara and French West Africa. However, the western side is currently under Mauritanian control, as neither Morocco nor the Polisario Front is de facto in possession.
The earless seal's Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) former range extended throughout the Northwest Atlantic Africa, Mediterranean and Black Sea, coastlines, including all offshore islands of the Mediterranean, and into the Atlantic and its islands: Canary, Madeira, Ilhas desertas, Porto Santo... as far west as the Azores. Vagrants could be found as far south as Gambia and the Cape Verde islands, and as far north as continental Portugal and Atlantic France. Today,the. cape hosts the largest surviving single population of the species, and the only remaining site which still seems to preserve a colony structure. In the summer of 1997, two-thirds of its seal population were wiped out within two months, extremely compromising the species' viable population. While opinions on the precise causes of this epidemic remain divided (the most likely cause being a morbilivirus or, more likely, a toxic algae bloom,) the mass die-off emphasized the precarious status of a species already regarded as critically endangered throughout its range.
While still far below the early 1997 count, numbers in this all-important location have started a slow-paced recovery ever since. Currently, the population in this location is estimated at 150 individuals, down from some 310 in 1997, but still the largest single colony by far. The threat of a similar incident that could wipe out the entire population remains.
- International Boundary Study, Algeria-Western Sahara 1968
- "Monachus monachus (Mediterranean Monk Seal)". International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- The Monachus Guardian Mediterranean Monk Seal Fact Sheet


AutoData Systems >
The Problem[s] With Patient Satisfaction Surveys
Measuring patient satisfaction and quality of care has become a much talked about topic lately. Due to changes in federal law, Medicare reimbursements paid to hospitals are now tied to patient satisfaction scores. These new laws give hospitals even more incentive to improve patient satisfaction and experience – which, in theory, is a good thing. Doctors (and hospitals) should be subject to feedback and held accountable for their work. There are, however, problems with patient satisfaction surveys.
Dr. Christopher Johnson writes in a recent article that patient satisfaction surveys – as currently used – are "riddled with problems." Dr. Johnson goes on to say, "they [surveys] don't measure what they are suppose to measure and they can easily drive physician behavior the wrong way." Dr. Johnson refers to his survey tools as made and facilitated by Press Ganey. Press Ganey is a massive corporation that provides hospitals and health systems full service patient experience solutions, in which Press Ganey writes, distributes, and collects the surveys and data. As such, hospitals using Press Ganey's services essentially outsource all of their patient satisfaction and survey measurement. Dr. Johnson writes, "I've read the Press Ganey forms and the questions they ask are all very reasonable." This quote raises a red flag that perhaps Dr. Johnson misses: Dr. Johnson is not, nor is anyone at his organization, writing the questions on their patient satisfaction surveys. It makes the most sense for those who are trying to benefit from collecting their own patients' data to write their own surveys. Those closest to the patients and those working in the hospital are better suited to understand the different context and circumstances surrounding the measurement of patient satisfaction. Instead of a Press Ganey employee 800 miles away writing survey questions and processing the data; the doctors, nurses, and administrators should be more involved in the process of measuring quality of care. There is no such thing as a one-size-fits-all survey.
Dr. Johnson also speaks of the poor sample sizes used to collect the data; "[a]lthough the forms are sent out to a random sample of patients, a very non-random distribution of them are returned. Perhaps only the patients who are happy, or those who are unhappy, send them back." This very well could be true, but it is most likely an easy fix. Again, each hospital knows (or should know) the best way to collect data from their patients. Generally, for most hospitals, the best way is with in-person paper surveys. Surveying the patient while still on site raises response rates and ensures that the sample size is more random than the one Dr. Johnson describes. Along with higher response rates, a patient's memory of her experience is fresher when surveyed on-site and therefore the data is more accurate.
Dr. Johnson is correct in saying that patient satisfaction surveys "as currently used are riddled with problems," but there are solutions to these problems. Understanding the quality of care provided by a doctor or a hospital or a nurse is too important to ignore or be discouraged by those obstacles. The healthcare world has been talking about measuring patient satisfaction for decades yet still have a long way to go. Getting rid of patient satisfaction surveys is not the solution. Acknowledging constructive criticism about the process and fostering open debate about improving patient satisfaction is the solution.
Is Patient Satisfaction Overrated?
A recent article on asked an interesting question: is patient satisfaction overrated? The question is an important one and warrants more discussion. The article (found here) uses Dr. House, the rude but extremely effective fictional doctor from the Fox television series "House," to analogize that perhaps patient satisfaction doesn't always equal quality health care. The author – Steven Salzberg – attempts to make the point that while Dr. House is abrasive and his patients do not have the best experience, they do receive the best care. Salzberg writes that even though large scale reforms in healthcare are pushing the importance of patient satisfaction, better patient satisfaction scores are not necessarily correlated with better care. Essentially, instead of giving patients what they want, doctors should give them what they need. Salzberg doesn't just use the "House" analogy; he cites a study that shows higher patient satisfaction rates being tied to higher costs and higher death rates.
AutoData agrees with some of the author's points and disagrees with others. AutoData couldn't agree more with the premise that doctors must give their patients what they need as opposed to simply what they want. And we are not disputing the study Salzberg cites (though we're unsure of the context and specifics of the study). However, Salzberg asserts that measuring patient satisfaction in general is the overall problem; AutoData believes the problem is in how patient satisfaction is measured.
"For patients who think a nice doctor is a good doctor, this might come as very disappointing news," writes Salzberg. If surveys are asking patients questions like, "Was your doctor nice?" or "Did they communicate well with you?" or "Did you have a nice time?", of course these metrics are hollow and should not be correlated with better care. But that doesn't mean patient satisfaction doesn't work, it means the provider of care must change how and what to measure. In other words, identify the data that will lead to better care and measure for that. Collecting data which shows that the care administered was superior will not always be the same as the data that shows the patient had a good time (AutoData discusses this in a post about the differences between patient experience and patient satisfaction here).
Salzberg also touched on the infamous standardized hospital survey, HCAHPS. He writes that Dr. House would fail this survey with flying colors, which is probably true. A one-size-fits-all, nationally standardized survey doesn't make sense to us either. Hospitals and health clinics operate under different circumstances and contexts serving different demographics; measuring them against each other under one standardized survey is asinine. Hospitals have different objectives, goals, and ideas about delivering quality care, so why limit the ways they measure satisfaction and experience? Let the hospitals be in charge of the data they collect, ultimately it will lead to their success or their demise. The most encouraging trend AutoData has seen over the last 4 years is the consumeraztion of health care (AutoData wrote about it here). Due to advances in technology and the internet, healthcare consumers have been given a more powerful voice and as a consequence will continue to have more choices in care providers, ultimately forcing health systems to provide higher quality care. Therefore, it's arguably more important than ever for health systems to measure patient satisfaction and experience. If the health system effectively listens to their patients through patient experience measurements, they can improve their service, advertise their superior service, and ultimately grow.
Salzberg's article narrowly misses the point. It isn't that patient satisfaction is overrated or unnecessary, but health systems must adapt to measure and collect the right kind of data. The right kind of data is data that will improve their care, not data that assesses whether a doctor is nice. When the right kind of data is measured and collected they can use it to persuade potential consumers to choose them as their provider of care. In that case, measuring the right kind of patient satisfaction is grossly underrated.


INCREDIBLE! The Essenes Predicted Over 2000 Years Ago Mankind Will Enter Its FINAL JUBILEE IN 2025!
The Essenes—the ancient Jewish sect who wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls—actually predicted mankind would enter the final period of our age in the year 2025 AD, and the feast of trumpets in the fall of 2025 is 3.5 years away from the spring of 2029 when Apophis is set to fulfill the Wormwood prophecy of the Book of Revelation. Why should we care what the Essenes predicted? From their writings that date back to at least a century before Christ and writings about them such as Josephus, they correctly predicted (among many others):
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DIFFERENCESTerms And Technology
Difference between Shall and Can with table
We explain the difference between Shall and Can with table. There are particular words in each language that simplify a complex sentence into a single word. In English grammar we have particular words (modal verbs) that simplify larger action sentences into simple words that denote future actions or events in the alignment.
In modern English, "will" has become rare. That means that most people just don't use this word. In fact, in American English, "will" is used very rarely; it is mainly found in some questions.
There are some words like "may" that are used to show skills, possibilities, and polite expressions.
There are some words like "shall" that are used to represent normal future events and strong future events.
The difference between Shall and Can, is used must to represent events and can is used to represent possibilities.
Comparison table between Shall and Can (in tabular form)
The comparison parameter can
Purpose The word shall is used for the purpose of representing a future action. The word can is used for the purpose of representing possible opportunities
Mood Create a probable positive phrase Create a definite positive sentence
Use Formal statements to describe obligations Formal declarations to request permits
Situation We use will when we need to make an offer or suggestion We use can when we need to proclaim the output that is the result of finishing a task
The use of first person pronouns is allowed Must be allowed without restrictions Can is allowed under certain restrictions
When to use it?
It will belong to the category of modal verbs that are used to indicate future action. It is most commonly used with the first person pronouns I and We to express a future action. Now it is replaced with will.
In formal English, Shall will be used to explain and describe events that will happen in the future and always gives a space to express events as predicted.
It is generally used and heard more in British English compared to American. Usage is also seen more in the formalized format of the language.
Shall is used to express determination in a context (formal context).
Example 1: "All visitors must observe our regulations"
The next use of the word shall is for suggestions as an introductory example.
Example 2: "Shall we start our lessons? ".
In British English, will is used for a more promising or voluntary intonation for something.
Example 3: "Do I feed your daughter? «
We use it for a future event that inevitably expresses itself. For example, "We will overcome the economic situation."
For the positive sentence, we use a subject with shall, verb, and an object. For negative sentences, we use a subject with shall and not, verb and an object. For interrogative sentences, we use WH with shall, subject, and verb with an object.
Uses of debit in a nutshell:
We use homework for determination, suggestions, promises and volunteering, future events that inevitably indicate. Some of the examples are mentioned below:
 1. Should ¿I bring coffee?
 2. That luggage looks heavy. Shall I wear it?
 3. What should I do with your instructions?
When to use Can?
It is one of the most used modal verbs in English grammar. We usually use this word can to express an opportunity or ability, permissions and to discover / project the possibilities. It is used most of the time in informal contexts.
Example 1:
The speaker says: I can leave my car in that parking lot.
Here the example says that the speaker may possibly leave the car.
Example 2:
The speaker asks: can you help me with my work?
Here the example focuses on the informal request.
Can is used in a sentence in both positive and negative forms based on the context of general ability, ability during a specific event and also on an opportunity and can also be classified for the three forms i.e. past, present and future.
The three main applications of can in sentences are:
 - Expressing ability : Physically capable of performing the task or completing the task
 1. Example 1: I can cook well.
 2. Example 2: birds can fly.
 - Discovering the possibility : It is about predicting the possible outcome
 1. Example 1: I know you can get good results.
 2. Example 2: I can do this task for you in one day.
 - Offer concept : Offering help to someone in need.
 1. Example 1: can. Do I have a bottle of water for you?
 2. Example 2: can Will I come back to you at some point?
 - Request something : Ask permission
 1. Example 1: can I sit in that chair that was assigned to me, please.
 2. Example 2: Can I go ahead with your confirmation?
Main differences between Shall and Can
 - The main difference between will and can is the associated verb tense. Shall is always in the future tense and can is always in the present tense.
 - You will focus on making an offer or suggestions, but you can focus on expressing opportunities, promising, and volunteering.
 - Shall does not offer a strong affirmation when providing support, whereas she can give a forceful statement.
 - Shall is used in formal statements to describe obligations, while can is used to request permission.
 - You will focus on the likely answer of doing the things mentioned in the sentence, but you can focus on the ultimate answer of doing the things.
Final Thought
These little words will and can cause a lot of confusion among the general public of varying degrees due to their usage in tenses and the purpose of using these modal verbs.
Most formal or informal sentences have these modal verbs that indicate the positivity or negativity of the sentences, therefore before using these modal verbs one should probably understand the context of use of these words.
It will focus primarily on suggestions and possibilities for things to happen in the future and may primarily focus on expressing opportunities, suggestions and doing things voluntarily in the present and is generally used in those contexts that are generally informal.
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text:
tying off) of the left testicle in men wishing to have boys.
Usage and etymology
There are two senses of the word testicle. One is equivalent to the narrowest sense of testis, referring specifically to each olive-shaped sperm-producing gland inside the scrotum, thus not including the scrotal sac itself, nor the epididymis and vas deferens. The other is equivalent to an entire half of the scrotum and its contents. Thus a man can speak, for example, of his left testicle slipping out of the opening of his underpants and getting caught in the zipper of his trousers. In this sense, the plural testicles is equivalent to the whole scrotum and all of its contents (as in "grabbing him by his testicles"). This subtle duality of word senses can also apply to testis and testes, so that in the narrower sense they refer to the two "balls" themselves inside the "ball sac" (as cruder speech would have it) but in the broader sense are equivalent to the aforementioned broader sense of testicle(s). In medicine the narrower sense prevails, whereas in general vocabulary both are common.
One theory about the etymology of the word testis is based on Roman law. The original Latin word "testis", "witness", was used in the firmly established legal principle "Testis unus, testis nullus" (one witness [equals] no witness), meaning that testimony by any one person in court was to be disregarded unless corroborated by the testimony of at least another. This led to the common practice of producing two witnesses, bribed to testify the same way in cases of lawsuits with ulterior motives. Since such "witnesses" always came in pairs, the meaning was accordingly extended, often in the diminutive (testiculus, testiculi).
Another theory says that testis is influenced by a loan translation, from Greek parastatēs "defender (in law), supporter" that is "two glands side by side".
A healthy scrotum containing normal size testes. The scrotum is in tight condition. The image also shows the texture.
- Cryptorchidism (cryptorchismus)
- List of homologues of the human reproductive system
- Sterilization (surgical procedure), vasectomy
- Spermatic cord
- WikiSaurus:testicles — the WikiSaurus list of synonyms and slang words for testicles in many languages
- Heptner, V. G.; Naumov, N. P. (1998). Mammals of the Soviet Union Vol.II Part 1a, SIRENIA AND CARNIVORA (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears). Science Publishers, Inc. USA. ISBN 1-886106-81-9. Retrieved 2013-11-09.
- Sierens, J. E.; Sneddon, S. F.; Collins, F.; Millar, M. R.; Saunders, P. T. (2005). "Estrogens in Testis Biology". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1061: 65–76. doi:10.1196/annals.1336.008. PMID _PHONE_.
- Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 385–386. ISBN 0-03-910284-X.
- Mukasa-Mugerwa, E. The Camel (Camelus dromedarius): A Bibliographical Review. pp. 11–3.
- Heptner & Naumov 1998, p. 537
- Heptner & Naumov 1998, pp. 154–155
- Scrotal Asymmetry: Right-Left and the scrotum in male sculpture"" By I. C. Manus
- Andrology: Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction"" By E. Nieschlag, Hermann M. Behre, H. van. Ahlen
- Human Origins 101 – Page 138, Holly M. Dunsworth – 2007
- Histology, A Text and Atlas by Michael H. Ross and Wojciech Pawlina, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 5th ed, 2006
- Skinner M, McLachlan R, Bremner W (1989). "Stimulation of Sertoli cell inhibin secretion by the testicular paracrine factor PModS". Mol Cell Endocrinol. 66 (2): 239–49. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(89)90036-1. PMID _PHONE_.
- Arch Histol Cytol. 1996 Mar;59(1):1–13
- Mieusset, R; Bujan, L; Mansat, A; Pontonnier, F (1992). "Hyperthermie scrotale et infécondité masculine" (PDF). Progrès en Urologie (in French) (2): 31–36.
- Online textbook: "Developmental Biology" 6th ed. By Scott F. Gilbert (2000) published by Sinauer Associates, Inc. of Sunderland (MA).
- D. S. Mills; Jeremy N. Marchant-Forde (2010). The Encyclopedia of Applied Animal Behaviour and Welfare. CABI. pp. 293–. ISBN 978-0-85199-724-7.
- BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 56, 1570–1575 (1997)- Determination of Testis Temperature Rhythms and Effects of Constant Light on Testicular Function in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)
- "Ask a Biologist Q&A / Human sexual physiology – good design?". Askabiologist.org.uk. 2007-09-04. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
- "'The Human Body as an Evolutionary Patchwork' by Alan Walker, Princeton.edu". RichardDawkins.net. 2007-04-10. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
- Newscientist.com – bumpy-lifestyle-led-to-external-testes
- Crane, J.; Scott, R. (2002). "Eubalaena glacialis". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
- Shackelford, T. K.; Goetz, A. T. (2007). "Adaptation to Sperm Competition in Humans". Current Directions in Psychological Science. 16: 47. doi:10.1111/j._PHONE_.2007.00473.x.
- Dindyal, S. (2007). "The sperm count has been decreasing steadily for many years in Western industrialised countries: Is there an endocrine basis for this decrease?". The Internet Journal of Urology. 2 (1): 1–21.
- S. Khan, J. Rehman, B. Chughtai, D. Sciullo, E. Mohan & H. Rehman: "Anatomical Approach to Scrotal Emergencies: A New Paradigm for the Diagnosis and Treatment of the Acute Scrotum". The Internet Journal of Urology. (2010) Volume 6: Number 2. ISSN _PHONE_.
- Amazon.com: Suspensory Jockstrap for Scrotal/Testicle Support: Health & Personal Care
- "Varicocele". Kidshealth.org. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
- Reviving a very delicate delicacy
- Understanding genetics; Human health and genome Stanford school of medicine, Dr. Barry Starr
- Hoag, Hannah. I'll take a girl, please... Cherry-picking from the dish of life. Drexel University Publication. Archived August 31, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
- The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition


text:
WOODEN COVERED BRIDGES HAVE EXISTED IN AMERICA FOR MORE THAN 200 YEARS. MOST OF THEM ARE FOUND IN RUSTIC, RURAL SETTINGS ON QUIET BACK ROADS. SUCH IDYLLIC PLACES – WITH STREAMS, WOODS, AND HISTORIC BRIDGES – LURE MANY TO VISIT THE 200-PLUS COVERED BRIDGES IN PENNSYLVANIA.
Why are there covered bridges? Many reasons are proposed, but only one is true: They were covered to protect wood components from deterioration caused by weather elements. Without roofing, the bridges probably would not last 20 years before falling apart. With regular maintenance, particularly for the roofing, a wooden covered bridge would outlast many of the stone bridges of the same era.
The longest covered bridge in Pennsylvania, the 279-foot Academia Covered Bridge in Juniata County was recently restored.
(Photo: Courtesy of Jim Smedley)
Pennsylvania has a rich history of authentic wooden covered bridges. The first covered bridge in America was the Permanent Bridge, built in 1805. It carried Market Street over the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia. Timothy Palmer, one of the true pioneers in bridge building, built the Permanent Bridge, which stood until it was destroyed by fire in 1875.
The longest covered bridge in the world was the Columbia-Wrightsville Bridge, which connected York and Lancaster counties in Pennsylvania. The 5,690-foot, 28-span bridge crossing the Susquehanna River was built in 1813 and lasted until 1832, when it was destroyed by an ice jam. It was replaced by another covered bridge of almost equal length in 1834. On June 28, 1863, it was burned down deliberately by Union troops during the Civil War to keep the Confederate army from advancing to Lancaster and Philadelphia.
Another bridge builder, Theodore Burr, was famous for his multiple-span structures over the Susquehanna River, all built in the early 19th century. Burr is known for his Burr arch patent used in many bridges across America. Burr constructed bridges across the Susquehanna in Pennsylvania at Berwick, Northumberland, and Harrisburg, as well as the McCall's Ferry Bridge located near Holtwood and Camelback Bridge.
By the 1870s, more than 1,500 covered bridges conveyed trains, wagons, and pedestrians over the many Pennsylvania waterways. Often, the bridges were located near farms and mills, providing access for traders and horse-and-buggy travelers.


Home Page
Jump Page
Hall of Illusions
 Impossible Triangle
 What's wrong with this figure?
So What's Going On?
 Although the impossible triangle certainly looks possible at each corner, you will begin to notice a paradox when you view the triangle as a whole. The beams of the triangle simultaneously appear to recede and come toward you. Yet, somehow, they meet in an impossible configuration! It is difficult to conceive how the various parts can fit together as a real three-dimensional object.
 It is not the drawing itself that is impossible, but only your three-dimensional interpretation of it, which is constrained by how you interpret a pictorial representation into three-dimensional mental model. Given the chance to interpret a drawing or image as three-dimensional, your visual system will do so. It does not generally take a perspective drawing and reinterpret it as flat, because there is a spatial paradox.
 There are many ways that this figure can be perceived as a possible as a misperceived object. In other words, it is possible to construct a physical model of the impossible triangle that looks impossible from only one angle. See the example below. The true construction is revealed in the mirror.
 Your visual system, however, is very constrainted by how it interprets two-dimensional pictorial images into three-dimensional mental representations. It is with the help of such constraints that your visual system assigns depth to each point in an image. Furthermore, it is more important for your visual system to adhere to these constraints than to violate them because you have encountered something that is paradoxical, unusual, or inconsistent. It would lead to biological disaster if you were blind to the unusual, inconsistent, or paradoxical.
 In particular, certain elements of an image correspond to similar elements in your three-dimensional interpretation. For example, one constraint is that two-dimensional straight lines should be interpreted as three-dimensional straight lines. Likewise, two-dimensional parallel lines should be interpreted as three-dimensional parallel lines. Continuous straight lines are interpreted as continous straight lines. Acute and obtuse angles are interpreted as 90° angles in perspective. External lines are viewed as the boundary of the shape. This external boundary is extremely important in defining your overall mental image of the shape.
 This can be summed up in "The Generic View Principle," which states that your visual system assumes that you are viewing something from a non-accidental point of view. This holds unless there is information to the contrary.
 Let us see how this applies to the impossible triangle.
 The figure above represents the top vertice of the impossible triangle. The scene, however, is visually ambiguous. For example, the lines abb'b''a'' can define the boundary of a limb whose extension is occluded by the boundary of surface a''b''b'bcc', which is part of the right limb. There are many other possibilities. Another example can be seen in the photograph above.
 In this case, the information is supplied by what are known as T-junctions. This is a junction where the lines meet. Two of the lines are collinear, forming the top of a T. T-junctions are good (but not entirely infallible) clues to depth and occlusion. The top of the T is usually the occluding contour. The stem of the T presumed to continue behind.
 Occlusion, however, is a special case for your visual system. Locally, there are no cues that suggest occlusion. It is straight-forward to interpret lines abc and a'b'c' as continuous straight lines, not as abrupt breaks. Therefore, lines abcc'b'a' define the boundary of one continuous surface.
 This would be the case with all three verticies.
 These constraints operate at different levels, first local and then global. When you examine a drawing of an impossible triangle, you first build up a global image by examing the local parts.
 Each corner in itself is consistent with spatial perspective, although each corner suggests a different angle of the object. Rejoin the triangle and your global perception produces a spatial paradox.
 Cover any corner (in the right figure) with your hand so that you can only see 2/3rds of the impossible triangle (as in the left figure). It does not matter what corner you occlude. The result is non-paradoxical. You perceive a "broken limb" model of the impossible triangle; however, notice that your perception will change about the nature of the triangle's shape. Take your hand away and the paradox resumes. It is only by joining the third limb to the other two limbs that forces the spatial paradox. If you separately occluded the three different corners, you can perceive three different consistent broken limb models.
 You can also break the global paradox by occluding or closing off, any part of the parallel lines that form the boundary of a limb. For example, occlude the middle of any limb. The paradox disappears when the straight lines no longer perceived as forming a continuous surface boundary.
 The Generic View Principle explains why your visual system does not seize upon the infinite variety of possible, but not probable, three-dimensional solutions. The generic-view principle is so strong at a local level that it recovers a surface representation of an image that is literally impossible from the point of view of object knowledge and spatial perspective.
History of the Impossible Triangle
 In 1934 Swedish artist Oscar Reutersvärd made the first recognizable impossible triangle out of a peculiar arrangement of cubes. While a number of artists have unintentionally created impossible figures, Reutersvärd was the first to realize that he had entered into a new land of imagination. From that day on, he has created thousands of impossible figures, and today is universally recognized as "the father of impossible figures." In 1980 the Swedish government honored Reutersvärd's impossible triangle by commissioning it for a Swedish stamp. The stamp was produced in 1982 and was issued for about two years.
 In 1954 physicist Roger Penrose, after attending a lecture by the Dutch graphic artist M. C. Escher, rediscovered the impossible triangle and drew it in its most familiar form, which he published and popularized in a 1958 article, co-authored with his father Lionel Penrose, that appeared in the British Journal of Psychology. Penrose, who was stimulated by Escher's work, wanted to create something that illustrated an impossibility in its purest form. In 1954 Escher had not yet created his three impossible prints: "Belvedere," "Ascending and Descending," and "Waterfall." Penrose was also unfamiliar with the work of Reutersvärd, Piranesi, and others who had created impossible figures previously.
 Penrose's impossible triangle, unlike Reutersvärd's earlier version, was drawn in perspective, which added an additional size paradox to the triangle.
 In 1961 the Dutch graphic artist M.C. Escher, inspired by Penrose's version of the impossible triangle (he was sent a copy of the article by the Penroses) incorporated it into his famous lithograph "Waterfall."
 Since that time, the impossible triangle has reappeared in countless versions. Because of its popularity, many people consider the impossible triangle to be THE impossible figure, and are astonished to find that there are an infinite number of impossible figures possible.
Entire web site©1997 IllusionWorks, L.L.C.


I'm having trouble trying to fix the color for my Sharp LED monitor. This has been an issue for about a year or so, and I'd still like to use it, but the wrong colors are too distracting.
I've gone through multiple color correction apps online and all of them seem to get stumped at the bit where it asks for the the RGB to be all corrected.
Fiddled with the display settings on the monitor itself and it wont budge.
Any help would be appreciated.
 - 3
 What instrument are you using to measure the output of the monitor? – Michael C Aug 5 '18 at 1:45
 - 1
 What do you mean by "won't budge"? – mattdm Aug 5 '18 at 10:13
You may have better luck if you limit your calibration efforts to the center of the screen.
The display "gamma" (for lack of a better term) of LCDs varies with angle of view. Colors along the edge of the screen appear different from the "same" colors in the center of the screen. Although newer monitors with wider viewing angles exhibit the effect to a lesser extent, it is still present. The uneven color is caused by the monitor's use of polarized light.
The larger the monitor, the greater the variance because of the increased angle between your eyes and the corners of the screen. If you sit farther away from the screen, that angle will be reduced, and the color differences should be less distracting.
 - The device in question is a TV. I suspect TVs have lower resolution and color standards than computer monitors because they are meant to be viewed from a much farther distance.
 - LED refers to the source of the back light. It still uses the same basic LCD technology.
Your best solution is get a monitor calibration tool like Colormunki or a ColorVision Monitor Spyder.
Your Answer


text:
Jump to:Page Content
Between 1990 and 2000, communities along Route 495, a beltway about 20 miles west of Boston, grew about twice as fast as the greater Boston region as a whole. How did the communities in this corridor respond to that growth, and what role did planning and planners play in that response?
To answer these questions, during 2005 we interviewed local offi cials, real estate developers, leaders of local organizations, and leaders of regional planning entities in eight representative communities in the corridor defined by Interstate Highway 495 (I-495), the region's outer belt highway. We then prepared case studies for each community and reviewed them for common themes and key differences. This analysis showed that while all eight communities faced similar pressures and shared similar concerns, they responded to those pressures and concerns in ways that were at times strikingly similar and at other times significantly different.


text:
Industry Evolution and Transition: A Neoclassical Benchmark
Recently, a large number of countries have undertaken major reforms that have led to a large increase in the number of new enterprises. After these reforms, however, it has taken a number of years before output and productivity have begun to grow. The thesis of this paper is that the process of starting new enterprises is turbulent and time-consuming and as a result, it takes time before the benefits of reform show up in increases in measured output and productivity. To establish a neoclassical benchmark for reforming economies, we ask what the path of transition looks like in a reforming economy for which the process governing the growth of new enterprises looks like it does in the U.S., a well-functioning market economy. We find that it takes 5-7 years until measured output and productivity begin to grow rapidly following reform. This finding suggests that, even if all other aspects of the economy are perfect, the transition following economy-wide reforms should take a substantial amount of time.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w6005
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Question: What Time Are Most Big Bucks Killed?
Is it better to hunt in the morning or evening?
Hunting the gray light of dawn and dusk is often your best shot at success.
Watch the wind to ensure you don't blow your cover, and stay as silent as possible the nearer you get to your hunting site.
Whether it's by choice or circumstance, hunts during mornings or evenings often yield the best results..
Do deer travel the same path every day?
What time of day are the biggest bucks killed?
Most hunters are headed for lunch and something cold to drink well before noon, especially during the hot part of the day. This is exactly when many of the heavyweight brawlers will ease off the bed for a quick drink. Many mature bucks have learned that the midday hours are safe.
What time of day do big bucks move?
Deer Move Most at Dawn and Dusk––End of Story Like taxes and death, you can count on two things when talking about mature bucks: they move most at dawn and dusk, and during the rut. Deer are crepuscular. It's built into their DNA.
Are more deer killed in the morning or afternoon?
The bottom line is morning and afternoon hunts can both be very productive. Extra caution and care must go into your approach in the mornings. You simply can't see what's around you. For this reason, you will spook more deer.
What time of day are deer most active?
dawnTime of Day: For whitetail deer the most active times typically occur around dawn and dusk, with periodic increases in activity overnight. Plan ahead and get out there during the right time of day to increase your chances of success.