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(CNN) -- Modern football is a melting pot of cultures, as players from a variety of ethnic backgrounds share top billing as superstars.
It is not always a comfortable mix, as can be seen by the recent racism rows involving John Terry and Luis Suarez.
But football's pantheon of stars has not always been such a rich multicultural tapestry. Far from it.
Back in the sport's infancy in the late 1800s, in its homeland of white-dominated Britain, there were no official leagues and only a handful of domestic cup competitions.
International matches were the pinnacle of competition, with England and Scotland contesting the first in 1872 -- and few were played outside the UK and Ireland until the formation of FIFA in 1904.
And it was Scotland which, in 1881, provided football with its first black international player -- British Guiana-born Andrew Watson.
"He was the son of a Glasgow merchant who traded out in the West Indies and parts of South America as well," curator of the Scottish Football Museum Richard McBrearty told CNN.
"It's a story of the time, I suppose. Andrew would've been born out of wedlock to a wealthy white merchant and his mother who was native to British Guiana."
Social attitudes of the time meant that Watson, while enjoying financial support and a good education, was never truly recognized and acknowledged by his father.
"Anything that had to be signed, due to school or education, was usually done through an intermediary," McBrearty explained. "So he was recognized as being of the blood, but there was a distance."
Early records of Watson show him joining Glasgow team Parkgrove -- which at the time enjoyed a higher profile than now-famous neighbors Glasgow Rangers -- in both a playing and off-pitch capacity.
In his role as match secretary, Watson created history by becoming the first black football administrator. In 1880 he joined Queen's Park, the biggest of the Glasgow clubs and Scotland's preeminent football power.
The following year he represented Scotland in his first of three international outings, captaining the country in a landmark 6-1 victory over England at London's Oval ground -- now an international cricket venue.
"Even to this day with some of the fantastic teams England have played over the years, such as the Hungarians of 1953 and Pele's Brazil, that victory for Scotland remains England's heaviest defeat on home soil," said McBrearty.
The Scotland team led by Watson pioneered a revolutionary passing game at a time when football was played in a very individual manner.
"He is a hugely important figure within football. He captained Scotland against England, which was absolutely the highest accolade you could have at the time. It was also at a time when Scotland were very successful in international football," McBrearty said.
"The way the game was played at that time, Scotland were devising a short passing game. The margin of victory was because Scotland were the first to promote a real team-based passing ethos. Watson was right at the forefront of that."
Despite his prominent role in the national team, Watson still occasionally encountered abuse which was symbolic of a less enlightened age.
"What we come across in a very polite article about Watson is that he encountered'splenetic players' on the field. Now that suggests to me that the color of his skin was a subject of attack," McBrearty said.
"That's an insight into the fact that, even in that time, this was clearly happening and Watson had to rise above that as a footballer and more widely as a human being."
Watson's demeanor off the pitch is something McBrearty believes is also of note, saying he had a reputation as a gentleman.
"Certainly there is widespread praise that he wins. The adoration that he has is clearly because he manages to rise above the difficulties that he encounters on the field of play."
After leaving Queen's Park, Watson headed to England to play for the now-defunct Swifts club in London.
McBrearty believes Watson became the first black player to play in the English FA Cup during the 1882-83 season.
Watson passed away in Sydney, Australia in 1902 aged 44, but McBrearty thinks the contribution he made to football has paved the way for the big-name black players we see in the game today.
"He's massively important to global football, not just Scottish football, not just British football. He's one of the first few pioneers. He played international football, he captained the international team and they happened to be the best there was at that time.
"As football spreads across the globe with black players who are now among the best in the world, and you look at the legacy of fantastic Brazilian players like Pele and Garrincha, it really stems back to guys like Watson."


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Lung Enzyme Both Friend and Foe
WEDNESDAY June 17, 2009 -- An enzyme involved in the development of emphysema also defends the lungs against bacterial infection, a new study finds.
It had been thought that the only thing macrophage elastase, matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), did was degrade lung elasticity as part of the tissue destruction seen in emphysema patients.
"But we found that mice that didn't have the gene to make this enzyme could not clear bacteria well and were more likely to die of infection. They couldn't make this small protein, which kills bacteria by poking holes in cell membranes," study author Dr. A. McGarry Houghton, an assistant professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, said in a university news release.
The researchers also found that MMP-12's antimicrobial activity comes from a small part of the enzyme that's structurally and sequentially unique.
"Humans, mice, rats and rabbits all have that special sequence and structure in MMP-12, but not in other MMPs," Houghton said.
The study appears in the June 17 issue of Nature.
"While not the initial purpose of this study, finding novel antimicrobial mechanisms is extremely important," senior study author Dr. Steven D. Shapiro, chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, said in the same release. "Many microorganisms have adapted to circumvent our current and stagnant arsenal of antibiotics. We must find new weapons so that we don't fall back to the public health problems we had prior to penicillin."
The researchers plan to investigate whether the special sequence and structure in MMP-12 can kill viruses and fungi.
The American Lung Association has more about emphysema.
Posted: June 2009

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
Understanding Community Collegesprovides a comprehensive review of the community college landscape-management and governance, finance, student demographics and development, teaching and learning, policy, faculty, and workforce development-and bridges the gap between research and practice. This contributed volume brings together highly respected scholars in the field who rely upon substantial theoretical perspectives-critical theory, social theory, institutional theory, and organizational theory-for a rich and expansive analysis of community colleges. The latest text to publish in the Core Concepts in Higher Educationseries, this exciting new text fills a gap in the higher education literature available for students enrolled in Higher Education and Community College graduate programs. This text provides students with: A review of salient research related to the community college field. Critical theoretical perspectives underlying current policies. An understanding of how theory links to practice, including focused end-of-chapter discussion questions. A fresh examination of emerging issues and insight into contemporary community college practices and policy.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
You can either select all of the objects in an area or you can select specific objects within an area of your floorplan.
Make sure you're logged in to your account and in the seating tab of your event.
1. To Select Everything:
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Press and hold the shift key and click on each individual object to select them.


text:
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
Airspace, Bridges and Waterway Restrictions in Effect for All Space Shuttle Launches
For the STS-114 launch of Space Shuttle Discovery, NASA managers urge all aircraft pilots and boaters to comply fully with the airspace, bridges and waterway restrictions imposed around KSC prior to and during Space Shuttle launches and landings.
"As always, we are coordinating with officials from the Eastern Range and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to help provide a safe launch environment for the Shuttle crew and for interested spectators. Violating these restrictions is not only unsafe for the astronauts and support crews, it's unsafe for the violator," said KSC Launch Director Mike Leinbach.
Space Shuttle Discovery's first launch opportunity is on July 13 at 3:51 p.m. and the launch window extends for five minutes. At NASA's request, U.S. Air Force and U.S. Coast Guard surveillance aircraft will patrol KSC's airspace boundaries on launch day. Violators will be intercepted by patrol forces, thoroughly investigated and will be subject to FAA enforcement action. A number of restrictions remain in effect around the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) during the hours immediately following the launch of a Space Shuttle.
Listed and described below are restrictions that apply to pilots, motor vehicle operators and boaters utilizing airspace, bridges and waterways that lead to KSC. KSC AREA AVIATION RESTRICTIONS
For the launch of Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-114, all restricted areas surrounding the Kennedy Space Center will be active and the area covered by flight restrictions has once again been expanded for this launch. The length of time the restrictions will be in effect prior to launch has also been extended.
Due to international terrorist activities, heightened security is essential to protect the Space Shuttle as a national asset. An inadvertent unauthorized incursion into the area of the Cape Canaveral Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) could cause a scrub in the launch of Discovery, the activation of airspace defenses and an FAA enforcement action. Local pilots are asked to help NASA by respecting these temporary but necessary restrictions so that the launch can occur on time and without incident.
The restricted areas for the Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station are in effect on a continuous basis and are limited to official aircraft only, off-limits to general aviation pilots. The restricted air space extends from the surface to but not including 14,000 feet and covers the area bounded by the Indian River to the west, Port Canaveral to the south, the city of Oak Hill to the north, and three miles over the Atlantic Ocean to the east.
On launch day these restricted areas will be expanded and will be activated beginning at launch minus 9 hours. On Wednesday, July 13 this occurs at 6:35 a.m. EDT and remains in effect until 6:59 p.m. EDT. Should the launch be scrubbed after the astronauts have boarded Space Shuttle Discovery, the restrictions will remain in effect for three hours after the postponement has been announced.
FAA Part 91, Part 125, general aviation and VFR operations are prohibited within a 30 nautical mile radius of Launch Pad 39-B from the surface to but not including 18,000 feet (located on the Melbourne VOR/DME 004-degree radial at 30 nautical miles). Among the general aviation airports affected within this area are Space Coast Regional Airport in Titusville, Arthur Dunn Airpark in Titusville, Merritt Island Airport in Merritt Island, Rockledge Airpark in Rockledge and Massey Ranch in Edgewater.
Within an airspace radius between 30 and 40 nautical miles of Pad 39-B, a discrete transponder code must be obtained and clearance granted from air traffic control before entering this airspace. Continuous radio communications must be maintained.
Before flight, pilots should contact the FAA Flight Service Station at 1-800/WxBrief (1-800/_PHONE_) for details of the restrictions contained in the NOTAMS. In flight, outside Orlando Class B airspace, pilots should contact Daytona Beach Approach control on 134.95. In the Melbourne area contact Daytona Approach on 132.65, or in the New Smyrna Beach area on 125.35. Flight Service can also be reached locally by radio on the Titusville RCO at 123.6 or the Melbourne RCO on 122.6. Advisories will also be available from the control tower at Space Coast Regional Airport in Titusville at 118.9 megahertz.
Among the airports affected within the 30-40 nautical mile radius in which flight is permitted but under positive air traffic control are Orlando International Airport, Orlando Executive Airport, Orlando-Sanford International Airport, the New Smyrna Beach and Spruce Creek airports, Melbourne International Airport and Valkaria. Pilots are encouraged to consult the most recent FAA aeronautical chart for Orlando Class B air space. BRIDGES CONTROLLED FOR LAUNCH
The opening and closing of bridges over waterways surrounding KSC will be strictly controlled during the hours immediately before and after the launch period for each Space Shuttle mission.
Bridges affected by the launch include:
* Canaveral Harbor Barge Canal
(SR 401, south of Cape Canaveral Air Force Station's Gate 1);
* Indian River Causeway West or NASA Causeway
(Intracoastal Waterway at Addison Point);
* Merritt Island Barge Canal
(Merritt Island State Road 3);
* Haulover Canal Bridge
(State Road 3, north of KSC).
Restraints on bridge openings for boat traffic begin three hours before launch. The bridges may be opened for five minutes at the following points in the launch countdown: T-180 minutes, T-150 minutes, T-120 minutes, T-90 minutes, and T-65 minutes. Adding 20 minutes to these times and subtracting that amount from the launch time will result in an approximate time of openings.
Bridges will remain closed to boat traffic until 90 minutes after lift-off (T+90). They may then open for five minutes at T+90, T+120 minutes and T+150 minutes. Bridge operations will return to normal three hours (T+180 minutes) after launch.
Should the Shuttle be required to perform a Return-to-Launch-Site (RTLS) landing at KSC, all bridges would remain closed to boat traffic from 45 minutes before landing until at least one hour after landing. KSC AREA BOATING RESTRICTIONS
Waterways and boating activities near the Kennedy Space Center will be strictly controlled prior to and during the launch of the Space Shuttle.
Safety and security requirements, including U.S. Air Force range safety impact limit lines, will go into effect as early as three days before launch. Other requirements will be phased into effect through sunset the night before launch. A general description of the area follows: ATLANTIC OCEAN:
Beginning noon on Sunday, July 10 through the launch, a general exclusion zone will be in effect three miles offshore from the Haulover Canal, near the north end of KSC, and southward to Port Canaveral. Four hours prior to launch, all ocean-going traffic will be restricted from entering an area measured from nine miles north and south of the launch pad and extending 64 miles east into the ocean. An additional three-mile-wide exclusion zone will be extended eastward along the flight path of the Space Shuttle. MOSQUITO LAGOON:
This area south of the Haulover Canal in the Mosquito Lagoon is off limits to all boats beginning the day before launch. INDIAN RIVER:
Restrictions apply from the NASA Causeway north to the Haulover Canal and east of the Indian River's main channel. Restrictions begin at noon on Sunday, July 10. BANANA RIVER:
Security limits begin at the Banana River Barge Canal south of KSC at the State Road 528 crossing and extend north. This restriction is effective roughly 16 hours prior to launch.
All boating restrictions will be lifted approximately one hour after launch.
Boating interests should monitor U.S. Coast Guard Channel 16 broadcasting from Port Canaveral. The U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and KSC security forces share responsibility for enforcing the boating guidelines. ROAD CLOSURES:
Space Commerce Way which connects State Road 3 with State Road 405 (NASA Causeway) will be closed on launch day, July 13 beginning at 8 a.m. It will reopen after launch at 6 p.m. The closure is necessary due to the expected high volume of traffic on these highways.
- end -
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Arkansas Game and Fish Commission biologists completed the annual midwinter aerial waterfowl survey Jan. 11 and counted about 665,000 total ducks in the state's Delta region. Last year's midwinter aerial count was more than 1.1 million. This year's midwinter mallard population estimate of roughly 451,000 mallards represents about half of the four-year survey average for the species; by contrast, last year's midwinter survey showed more than 750,000 mallards. AGFC observers have completed three aerial surveys so far this season – November, December, and early January – and duck numbers have remained stable with few of the surges in numbers that observers typically see each winter.
In the Arkansas River Valley region, observers noted a gradual increase in duck numbers during the three surveys, estimating a population of roughly 26,000 total ducks, including about 17,000 mallards, during the most recent survey. Numbers were much lower in southwestern Arkansas, where about 14,000 total ducks and 8,000 mallards were counted.
The midwinter survey was completed just prior to the heavy rainfall that dramatically increased stream flows and flooded bottomland forests in various Delta watersheds. But the fourth and final aerial survey of the season began earlier this week and preliminary reports from AGFC observers indicate numbers haven't increased greatly since the Jan. 7-11 midwinter survey.
A full report and maps showing waterfowl densities based on the midwinter survey may be found at _URL_
This waterfowl report provides capsule information from agency staff in all corners of Arkansas and is updated each Wednesday throughout waterfowl season. To receive the report each week on your computer, send an e-mail to _EMAIL_ and type "Waterfowl Report" in the subject line. Information on river levels can be found at: _URL_ or _URL_
Sunrise/sunset tables are available at: _URL_ and in the Arkansas Waterfowl Regulations Guide.


text:
- Get Involved
October 11, 1997 - December 7, 1997
Museum: American History Museum
Location: 1st Floor, Taylor Gallery
Photographs, text, and objects trace the history of African American music from its roots in slavery and worship practices. The core of the exhibition consists of the following 6 thematic sections: the use of sacred songs to commemorate historical events; the ways in which spirituals helped slaves both survive and resist enslavement; and the development of the spiritual concert tradition, the African-American quartet, and gospel music. Included are record albums, maps, sheet music, musical instruments, baptismal gowns, and church memorabilia. Adapted from the 1994 award-winning radio series.


Partial Objects =============== A partial object is an object whose state is not fully initialized after being reconstituted from the database and that is disconnected from the rest of its data. The following section will describe why partial objects are problematic and what the approach of Doctrine2 to this problem is... note:: The partial object problem in general does not apply to methods or queries where you do not retrieve the query result as objects. Examples are: ''Query#getArrayResult()'', ''Query#getScalarResult()'', ''Query#getSingleScalarResult()'', etc... warning:: Use of partial objects is tricky. Fields that are not retrieved from the database will not be updated by the UnitOfWork even if they get changed in your objects. You can only promote a partial object to a fully-loaded object by calling ''EntityManager#refresh()'' or a DQL query with the refresh flag. What is the problem? -------------------- In short, partial objects are problematic because they are usually objects with broken invariants. As such, code that uses these partial objects tends to be very fragile and either needs to "know" which fields or methods can be safely accessed or add checks around every field access or method invocation. The same holds true for the internals, i.e. the method implementations, of such objects. You usually simply assume the state you need in the method is available, after all you properly constructed this object before you pushed it into the database, right? These blind assumptions can quickly lead to null reference errors when working with such partial objects. It gets worse with the scenario of an optional association (0..1 to 1). When the associated field is NULL, you don't know whether this object does not have an associated object or whether it was simply not loaded when the owning object was loaded from the database. These are reasons why many ORMs do not allow partial objects at all and instead you always have to load an object with all its fields (associations being proxied). One secure way to allow partial objects is if the programming language/platform allows the ORM tool to hook deeply into the object and instrument it in such a way that individual fields (not only associations) can be loaded lazily on first access. This is possible in Java, for example, through bytecode instrumentation. In PHP though this is not possible, so there is no way to have "secure" partial objects in an ORM with transparent persistence. Doctrine, by default, does not allow partial objects. That means, any query that only selects partial object data and wants to retrieve the result as objects (i.e. ''Query#getResult()'') will raise an exception telling you that partial objects are dangerous. If you want to force a query to return you partial objects, possibly as a performance tweak, you can use the ''partial'' keyword as follows:.. code-block:: php createQuery("select partial u.{id,name} from MyApp\Domain\User u"); You can also get a partial reference instead of a proxy reference by calling:.. code-block:: php getPartialReference('MyApp\Domain\User', 1); Partial references are objects with only the identifiers set as they are passed to the second argument of the ''getPartialReference()'' method. All other fields are null. When should I force partial objects? ------------------------------------ Mainly for optimization purposes, but be careful of premature optimization as partial objects lead to potentially more fragile code.


text:
. Generations of the Yuin Aboriginal people have camped, hunted, held ceremonies and traversed this country.
Mumbulla Creek Falls within Biamanga National Park is a popular location for family groups especially during the summer months for picnicking and enjoying the waters of Mumbulla Creek. Visitors gain a respectful appreciation and understanding of the spiritual significance of the area to Aboriginal people from the interpretive signs along the 225m walkway to the viewing platform overlooking the falls.
Gulaga National Park encompasses scenic shorelines of Wallaga Lake to the lush rainforest pockets and impressive granite tors of the mountain. Visitors can appreciate the significance of the area whilst taking a 30 minute drive between the coastal towns of Narooma and Bermagui; with Gulaga Mountain maintaining a presence along the way and further a field. Quieter reflection of significance may be sought by boat or canoe to the western areas of Wallaga Lake or by a challenging 5.5 hr return walk to the summit of the mountain from either the foothills at Tilba Tilba in the east or from the parking area on mid slopes in the north.


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Characteristic Studies for Cornet. (For the Cornet). By Herbert L. Clarke (_PHONE_). For cornet or trumpet. Instructional and Studies. Instructional book. Standard notation. 64 pages. Published by Carl Fischer (CF.O2281).
ISBN _PHONE_. With Standard notation. Instructional and Studies. 9x12 inches.
A work that has stood the test of time by one of the brass world's most important pedagogues, Character Studies for the Cornet should be part of any trumpet student's library. Within its pages, the student will gain valuable insight on tonguing and the 24 characteristic studies will help the student to gain absolute control of technique, articulation, slurring and endurance. This work will prove helpful and beneficial to the developing student.
November 28, 2008
Excellent book for the mature player
Clarke's fourth and final book has truly difficult characteristic studies a la Arban and Clarke's own superb cornet solos. The solos are really tough and rely a lot on reptitivc triple tongueing. If you are a serious trumpet player, you will get this book. It's tough, but rewarding.
38 of 69 people found this review helpful.


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text:
- Total is the total number of people with that surname.
- Rank is the position in the list of names ordered by total (eg, a rank of 1 means that it's the most common name, and a rank of 10 means it's the tenth most common, etc).
- Frequency is the percentage of people with that surname.
- Per million people is the number of people with that surname per million of the population.
All of these are approximate figures, and the current figures especially so. The 1881 census figures are correct for what was recorded on the census, but we don't really know how accurate it was. At least, though the 1881 figures won't change, as it's a snapshot of a point in time. The current figures, by contrast, are variable according to births, deaths, migration and marriages, so the values shown here are only a best approximation to whatever was the case when the underlying data was collated and will not be the same as whatever the values are right now.
'N/A' indicates that we don't have data for this name in that country or time (usually because it's quite uncommon there and our stats don't go down that far). It doesn't mean that there's no-one there with that name at all!
For less common surnames, the figures get progressively less reliable the fewer holders of that name there are. This data is aggregated from several public lists, and some stats are interpolated from known values. The margin of error is well over 100% at the rarest end of the table!
It's possible for a surname to gain in rank and/or total while being less common per million people (or vice versa) as there are now more surnames in the UK as a result of immigration. In mathematical terms, the tail has got longer, with a far larger number of less common surnames.


Element Substitution Groups
Substitution groups are very similar to choice types. They allow a given base element (referred to as the substitution group head) to be replaced with a different element. The replacement element is designated as being part of the group through the use of the XSD substitutionGroup attribute.
For example, the following element declarations declare a group in which the head element (Publication) would be replaced with either the Book element or Magazine element:
 whose particles consist of each of the elements in the substitution group. The format of the name for the special group class is "_SG", where would be replaced with the name of the substitution group head element. In the example above, the generated type name would be "_PublicationSG".


CAPP for Advisors
CAPP is the degree evaluation system used by all students with a catalog year prior to Fall 2012.
Monitor your progress as a student and see if you are fulfilling the requirements of your academic program
The online degree evaluation is not available to students of catalog years earlier than Fall 2001.
 1. Login to Patriot Web
 2. Select Faculty and Advisor Services
 3. Select Degree Evaluation and Advisee Listing
 4. Select Degree Evaluation Menu
 5. Select CAPP
 6. Select a term and click Submit
 7. Click Generate New Evaluation
 8. Select the academic program
 9. Click Generate Request
 10. Select Detail Requirements
 11. Click Submit
Double Major Students
If you have declared a double major, you must run a "what-if" degree evaluation for each program.
"What-If" Analysis Directions:
 1. Follow steps #1 – #6 above
 2. Instead of selecting Generate New Evaluation, select What-If Analysis
 3. Select the student's catalog year from the drop down menu and click Continue
 4. Select student's major from Program
 5. Click Add More to add a concentration or minor
 6. Click Submit
 7. Click Generate Request
 8. Select Detail Requirements
 9. Click Submit


Things to see and do
Ornate plaster ceiling with the date 1684 in the centre
As you enter Owletts, you get the sense that Sir Herbert Baker's house is a much loved family home, not a museum.
There is a sentimentality about the house, not just because its been, and still is, lived in by the Baker family, but because of the memories that are all around.
" The floorboards creak just the way I remember them, and even the door handles have the same quirks."
- Camilla Baker
Living Room
Sir Herbert Baker's connection to the British Empire is very much in evidence in this room, with his watercolour 'blog' and the fascinating empire clock, one of only five commissioned.
Dining Room
When you look at the finnials on the chairs in the dining room, it's clear that Sir Herbert Baker had a sense of humour as each finial was designed as a 'caricature' of the different family members. Alfred, who was always naughty is depicted as a little monkey, whilst Ann is shown with a bible as well as her tongue out to show she was naughty and nice.
First floor ceiling
The plaster ceiling on the first floor has the date 1684 in the centre, along with the initials of the original owners. The ornate ceiling depicts scrolls, leaves, flowers and fruit.
Can you imagine cleaning the ceiling? With all the intricate details, it's a painstakingly slow process and when our conservation team last cleaned the ceiling, it took them over a week to complete!
The lawns are highlighted by some signature trees, such as the Cedar of Lebanon that Sir Herbert planted on Christmas Day, the winter before he died. His son, Henry, planted a walnut tree in the 1990s.
There is a grass tennis court, and if you explore beyond into the 'Filbert Platt' you'll find apple and cobnut trees, a wishing tree for hanging ribbons on, a willow dome planted in 2013, and a swing large enough for adults to enjoy.
Although the large kitchen garden is currently closed to restore the planting, you can discover the Gertrude Jekyll border and the sunken herb garden. You can also have a look to see what wildlife is living in the pond.
Garden buildings
The walled garden gained its south facing wall in 1811, as part of a rehabilitation project for returning soldiers. As you wander round the garden, you'll see a number of garden buildings, including a greenhouse, potting shed and the remains of a hot house in which the previous ladies of the house grew ferns and exotics.
The structure of the hot house is now uncovered, but you can see where the pipes fed through to the boiler. A very old grape vine still grows, which a family legend states originated from a vine at Hampton Court.
Nearer the house, the old apple sheds and workshop have been re-opened as a self service tea room run by the tenants.
Bring along a blanket and picnic on the lawns, or enjoy the sunshine as you wander round the herb garden. Watch the sheep munching in the fields, meet the free range chickens or have a go at croquet on the grass tennis court. Whatever you choose to do, the whole family can enjoy a fun day out exploring the great outdoors.


text:
Awakening to action and inquiry in different territories of awareness
One way to FRAME the concept of leadership is that being a leader is about leading yourself with integrity by staying in alignment with your values. As you engage with others, a leader's concern becomes mutuality. This is about your interaction with others, reciprocation, and interdependence. And, as you engage with the world, you may be compelled to lead in a way that contributes to sustainability. These three different goals of leadership (underlined) may be framed as different perspectives on the same practice of leadership.
The specific practice of leadership that can integrate these three goals of leadership is Action Inquiry. Action refers to doing something (e.g. physically, verbally) and inquiry refers to reflecting and questioning (e.g. in your own mind, or in conversation with others).
According to Bill Torbert, Action Inquiry is about discovering the interaction between personal passion, compassion and dispassionate objectivity. These qualities can be developed simultaneously:
- 1st person ('I') integrity and passion can be developed through understanding and acting in alignment with your values,
- 2nd person ('We') mutuality and compassion can be developed by creating a shared vision and acting in collaboration with your team,
- 3rd person ('It') dispassionate objective and sustainability and can be developed by taking a very broad perspective and seeking to influence culture towards maximising happiness within ecological constraints.
To develop your capacity to contribute to these three goals and work from these three perspectives, the Action Inquiry model makes distinctions between four 'territories' of an individual's experience. These territories are always present, but we are not always conscious of their influence on our behaviour. They are:
1. Context (including Intent, purpose, and awareness)
2. Frames (including Strategies, plans, ploys, and tactics)
3. Actions (including Behaviours, skills and performance)
4. Results (including Outcomes, assessments, and consequences)
An ILLUSTRATION of the territories of Action Inquiry in practice could be while you are working to reduce your carbon footprint by making less single-occupant car trips and reducing home energy consumption. At any point in this Your attention might be on:
- Measurement of the Results of your actions, and positive consequences of emission reductions,
- Your new Behaviours e.g. Increased skill at recruiting people to share rides, and your management of home energy usage relative to your desired performance
- The Framing of those actions e.g. Your strategy for how your individual actions reduce your feelings of guilt, positively influence others, and contribute to national targets for carbon reduction.
- The Context e.g. Your new awareness of global issues, the changing economics that make energy reduction more attractive to you, and your emerging desire to leave a positive legacy for your children.
Action Inquiry ADVOCATES a goal of becoming fully and simultaneously aware of all these territories, at all times, and across all time-frames. This way of always learning and adapting, based on the outcomes of your action and inquiry is defined as triple-loop learning:
These three 'loops' show the different extents to which you can be aware of, act on, and inquire into the different aspects of your experience. Single-loop learning means you act, and able to reflect on whether that action achieves the result you wanted. Double-loop learning means you may act, and use what outcomes result to not only reflect on your actions, but also on the logic and plan that made you choose that action over other possibilities. Triple-loop learning may mean that, in the case of the carbon footprint example, you additionally reflect on how your beliefs, assumptions may be challenged or reinforced by what you observed were the consequences and outcomes of your actions in the world.
As a leader, you don't only want to just learn new behaviours or evolve how you frame challenges and develop strategies. You also want to be consciously aware of the context for those strategies and, and how that affects strategy, performance and outcomes in the real world. Stephen Covey, in his book 'The 8th Habit' suggests this can take you from effectiveness to greatness: "If you want to make minor, incremental changes and improvement, work on practices, behaviour or attitude. But if you want to make significant, quantum improvement, work on paradigms… perception, assumption, theory, frame of reference or lens through which you view the world."
These are four very different territories of attention, and each is a critical area of development for a leader. But increasing your awareness of them, ability to switch between them in-the-moment is something that requires practice.
You might already think of things that would increase your capacity for consciously shifting your attention, becoming more aware of your frames of reference and intentions, and of the consequences of your actions for others. These might include articulating your professional goals, seeking peer feedback on your communication style, or even meditating.
Your own ideas and practices may be complemented by some simple practices recommended by Torbert and his colleagues. Try doing each activity for a week or two to support your own INQUIRY:
Set your watch to chime every hour. When it beeps, notice what your attention has been on e.g. Your body, behaviour, past or future interactions with others.
Increase consciousness of your energy, mood, and attention by noticing what happens as you transition from one activity to another e.g. bed to the kitchen, class to home.
Keep a regular journal that explores these different territories of your own experience, your attention, and what you learn.
Practice being explicit in your conversations about your Framing (your intent behind this conversation), Advocating (what your theory of change is, or what strategy you recommending), Illustrating (What you think the implications of this conversation are for action – verbal or physical) and Inquiring (asking questions of others and listening for the impact of your conversation)
In the case of this last example, two contrasting conversations may help illustrate what is advocated for. Sticking with the carbon example, imagine the scenario of talking to your spouse about your new commitment, specifically about their behaviour. Compare these two conversations:
- "You're setting a bad example for the kids by driving to work everyday and leaving the lights on all night".
- "I am more and more aware of how our everyday actions influence the climate, and affect our kids. I want to reduce our emissions, mainly through sharing car trips wherever possible, and doing things at home like turning lights off when not needed. Is that something you are interested in too?"
You can play out in your own mind how the rest of the conversation would unfold. My suggestion is that the latter dialogue would be one that proceeded in a more open, and transformative way that facilitated mutual understanding, and was more likely to result in collaborative action.
– making distinctions between these territories of experience,
– developing your attention and awareness, and
– practicing Action Inquiry
can enhance your moment-to-moment experience and development as a leader.
As the model says, Action Inquiry improves your integrity (alignment and awareness of your values and intentions), mutuality (teamwork, collaboration, communication) and ultimately your impact on the world – towards sustainability!
If you are interested in how this form of conversation can be applied within organisations (e.g. as part of leadership development programs) or you want to know how it relates to other ways of frameworks for conversation and action (e.g. Non-violent communication, ORID / SAID, U process, Ladder of Inference etc.) then feel free to get in touch.
Action Inquiry: The Secret of Timely and Transforming Leadership, Bill Torbert with Associates. San Francisco CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. 2004.
Seven Transformations of Leadership, Rooke and Torbert. Harvard Business Review, Apr 05 _URL_


text:
Light affects nutrients
Sound Consumer | March 2012
So you think you're getting the most nutritious, best produce by reaching to the back of the produce shelves, or by digging to the bottom of a pile on the dry racks? Think again.
A study by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) scientists suggests consumers may wish to look instead for fruits and vegetables receiving the greatest exposure to light — usually found closest to the front or top of a display.
Researchers found that spinach leaves, for instance, exposed to continuous light during storage were more nutritionally dense than leaves continually in the dark. The researchers say light affects the leaves' photosynthetic system, resulting in a significant increase in levels of carotenoids and vitamins C, E, K and B9 (folate).


Middle Of The World Tour
The city Middle Of The World is a commemorative monument to the middle of the world, where the equator settles and splits the world into the two hemispheres. It's located 26 km north of the city of Quito and the coordinates for this place are 0°0'0'' (Not exactly, though).
 On this tour, you can also visit the Ethnographic Museum Middle of the World, a place with lots of activities to do and things to learn about indigenous people in Ecuador.
Middle of the Wold | Mitad del mundo | Travel Ecuador | Quirutoa
One of the most popular places to visit in Ecuador!
The first monument, or ruins rather, was built by an ancient indigenous culture named Quitu-Cara and it's actually situated at latitude 0 (0°0′0″N 78°25′43″W). It was discovered in 1736 as a result of an expedition called The French Geodesic Mission. In the following years, the scouts of this great mission defined the equatorial line after deep studies and measurements. The Ecuadorian Government built a 10 meters-high monument honoring the study and hard work of the french scouts, which later on would be replaced by a 30 meters-high monument.
Yet, the location of this monument is actually incorrect. Later on, it was discovered that the line drawn by the french expedition is off by 240 meters south of the true equator. Yet, the monument was already built so it's in this place where the middle of the world is commemorated.
Middle of the World in Ecuador | Quirutoa
Middle of the World - Explore Ecuador | Quirutoa
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Definitions for danish pastry
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word danish pastry
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
Dan′ish pas′try(n.)
 1. a rich, flaky, yeast-leavened pastry, often filled with cheese, nuts, or fruit.
 Category: Cooking
Origin of Danish pastry:
Princeton's WordNet
 1. danish, danish pastry(noun)
 light sweet yeast-raised roll usually filled with fruits or cheese
 1. Danish pastry
 A Danish pastry, sometimes abbreviated Danish especially in the United States, is a viennoiserie pastry, of Viennese origin, which has become a specialty of Denmark and neighboring Scandinavian countries. Certain other countries, like the United States, commonly consume Danish pastries. It is called wienerbrød in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway and Sweden. It is referred to as facturas in some Spanish speaking countries. In Vienna, the Danish is referred to as "Plundergebäck" or "Golatschen". Like other viennoiserie pastries, such as croissants, danishes are made of laminated yeast-leavened doughs, creating a layered texture similar to a puff pastry.
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Police Dogs
Dogs serve as an adjunct to policing, their employment reflecting the morals of their masters.
Dogs have been employed by men to help them keep order since medieval times. A parish constable used bloodhounds to hunt down outlaws; the dogs upkeep paid for by tithes by those of means in the village.
Bloodhounds in Scotland were called "slough dogs." The word sleuth derived from this.
Industrialization turned London into a seething cesspit in the mid-19th century. Night watchmen were given guns and dogs to deter robberies.
In 1888 the police in London were publicly humiliated for failing to apprehend Jack the Ripper, scandalous serial killer of women prostitutes in the Whitechapel district. The chastened commissioner, Charles Warren, got 2 bloodhounds, and tested them with an attempted track from the site of one of Jack's killing. One of the dogs bit Warren and the two of them later ran off, necessitating a police search for the errant dogs.
From the mid-1890s dogs were used in Paris against roaming gangs at night, and for crowd control and against gangs in the German empire. The Germans choose the Alsatian (German shepherd) as the breed of choice. The Doberman pinscher ran a close second.
The first police dog training academy was founded in Ghent Belgium in 1899. The Belgians favored their sheepdogs and wolfhounds. Dogs were trained for obedience to their masters, tracking, and attacking upon command.
The crime waves that wracked much of Europe after the 2nd World War were partly addressed with dogs.
In the US, police dogs were sporadically used between the world wars, but it was only after their successful use in post-war Britain that American police again tried dogs. Private security forces in the US had better luck with dogs than inept police. It was only from the 1970s that dogs became common in American police departments.
So-called law enforcement reflects the morality of the society in which officers operate. American police are notorious for their brutality. So too their use of dogs, which are sicked on suspects already apprehended, as a means of cruelly maiming them. American police, backed by courts, operate with impunity.
Kimberly Kindy & Julie Tate, "These brutal police dog attacks were captured on video. Now some cities are curtailing K-9 use," The Washington Post (29 November 2020).


text:
By Pauline Askin
SYDNEY (Reuters) - Seven hundred million pigs produce a lot of poo.
China's love of pork presents a mountain of a problem for the environment, 1.4 million metric tons (1.5 million tons) of pig poo a year to be precise, but an Australian company believes it has part of the answer.
Why not turn the pig poo into power?
Using a bioreactor called "PooCareTM" and other technology, the pig manure is converted into biofuel for cooking and heating while the residual goes to farmers as nutrient-rich fertilizers.
"The benefits are energy and fuel for farmers as well as preventing further contamination of the environment," said Ravi Naidu, chief scientist at CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC Care), a South Australian-based firm involved in drawing up the technology.
"So it's really a green technology from that perspective," Naidu, a University of South Australia professor, told Reuters.
The process involves a bioreactor 30 m (98 ft) long, 10 m (33 ft) high and 4 m (13 ft) wide. It is set below ground and waste is fed through it slowly at a pre-determined temperature.
This converts solid waste into a biogas that is then pumped through gas tanks that can be delivered to the local community. The entire process takes about a month, with the first biogenerator already running at a farm in Wuhan, central China.
China has an estimated 700 million pigs, producing some two-thirds of the meat consumed there annually, so the scale of the problem can't be underestimated.
Only one tenth of pig waste is used now as manure. It is estimated the nutrients lost in the waste of one pig alone are worth about A$50 ($52) per year. There is a vast disparity in rural and urban incomes with farmers earning around $75 per month.
The potential health hazards are worse.
"Pig waste contains a high level of nitrate, which in liquid form can contaminate ground water and in flake form can contaminate lakes, posing human health risks," Naidu said.
Chinese scientists and Hong Kong-based technology firm HLM Asia Ltd also took part in developing the technology, which costs roughly A$35,000 ($36,400) for one bioreactor. Mass production would bring costs down, Naidu said.
(Editing by Elaine Lies and Paul Tait)


Why Difficult Times? 7 Verses Tell the Answer
Going through difficult times such as the ones we are going through as Muslims nowadays, it is quite comforting to read Allah's promise in the Qur'an {Indeed with the difficulty there is an ease. Indeed with the difficulty there is an ease.} (Al-Inshirah 5-6)
However a thought that comes to everyone's mind is:
Why do we have to go through difficulties in the first place? Why doesn't Allah make our life one full of ease?
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Why do people of the truth have to be tried, tortured, oppressed, and killed by the people of the falsehood?
Why doesn't Allah grant His people victory and support without having to suffer through tough times?
📚 Read Also: Have you heard of these 9 Muslim Teen Leaders?
All the people of Makkah believed in the Prophet and became Muslims. Why would they oppose him, torture him and his companions, and fight Islam and Muslims for 23 years only to become Muslims at the end? Wasn't it better to skip all these calamities?
Why do we have to see people in Syria killed and injured? Why do Muslims suffer the consequences of Islamophobia which take away their right or their spirit to say the least?
Reading the words of Allah in the Qur'an and those of His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), one can find answers to those questions and understand a great wisdom behind this tradition.
1. {And if Allah wills, he would have defeated them yet to test you with one another…} (Muhammad 47:4)
Probably the first and the most important explanation of why people of the truth have to go through difficult times is explained by this eloquent verse above.
Allah states that He can defeat His enemies without the help of the believers. He, sure, is capable of anything. However, the sunnah (law) of Allah is to do that through us so we would be tested. This life is nothing but a test. {It is He who created death and life to test you …} (Al-Mulk 67: 2).
Part of this test is for Allah to show who would stand for the truth and support it. If it were not for these tough times, people will always claim they stand by the truth. These claims have to be verified by tests and tribulations. Allah says, {Do people think that they will be left to say we believe and they will not be tried?} (Al-'Ankabut 29:2)
Allah reminds us with the reason for these trials, {And indeed Allah will know who is truthful and who is a liar.} (Al-'Ankabut 29:3) Difficult times are decisive and differentiating. They show those who are truthful and those who are not.
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Tagetes Information | Evidenced-Based Supplement Guide on MedicineNet.com - How does Tagetes work?
How does Tagetes work?
Are there safety concerns?
There isn't enough information available to know if tagetes is safe. It can cause a skin rash if you touch the plant.
Do not take tagetes if:
 - You are pregnant or breast-feeding.
Dosing considerations for Tagetes.
The appropriate dose of tagetes depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for tagetes. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
Therapeutic Research Faculty copyright
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration


Question: Is Swan 70 isopropyl alcohol rubbing alcohol?
Description. Swan 70% Isopropyl Alcohol is a first aid antiseptic that aids in treatment of minor cuts and scrapes. … Swan Isopropyl Alcohol is a topical antimicrobial and is made for external use only. Available in 16oz and 32oz sizes.
Is rubbing alcohol the same as 70 isopropyl alcohol?
Is Isopropyl Alcohol the Same as Rubbing Alcohol? Rubbing alcohol is an antiseptic, which contains as not less than 68% and not more than 72% of isopropyl alcohol. … In documents cited by the CDC, "rubbing alcohol" is defined as 70% isopropyl alcohol and 30% water.
Can you use isopropyl alcohol as rubbing alcohol?
INFORMATIVE: Can you use alcohol for acrylic nails?
Is Swan rubbing alcohol safe?
It's made in the US and is specifically bottled in Texas. The Swan 70% Isopropyl Alcohol is another effective way to protect yourself from being infected by the coronavirus and other germs and viruses. This comes in three 16-ounce bottles, is tightly sealed and packed, and is assured to be maintained sterile.
What is isopropyl alcohol vs rubbing alcohol?
Rubbing alcohol is either isopropyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol that has been mixed with water. In Britain it's also known as surgical spirit, according to the British Pharmacopoeia. Rubbing alcohol which has been made from isopropyl alcohol is the most widely available, and is used mainly as an antiseptic in the home.
Is 70 or 90 isopropyl alcohol better for disinfecting?
How do you dilute 91% isopropyl alcohol to 70?
Which is a better disinfectant ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol?
INFORMATIVE: Is COPD reversible if you quit smoking?
Is hydrogen peroxide a good disinfectant?
One of the most economical and safe ways to disinfect is with hydrogen peroxide. It offers a natural way to sanitize your home without using dangerous and toxic chemicals. Hydrogen peroxide has antibacterial and antiviral qualities and works better than white vinegar, rubbing alcohol and acetic acid.
Is 99% isopropyl alcohol safe for skin?
Does Costco carry rubbing alcohol?
Cumberland Swan 70% Isopropyl Alcohol, 32 oz, 2 ct | Costco.
Is denatured alcohol?
Denatured alcohol is ethanol that's been mixed with other ingredients. Ethanol — also known as grain alcohol — is alcohol at its most basic. However, ethanol is dangerous to drink in large quantities, so it's "denatured" with additional ingredients to discourage people from drinking it.
Who makes Swan isopropyl alcohol?
Cumberland Swan 70% Isopropyl Alcohol.
Can you make hand sanitizer with 70 alcohol?
Why do we use 70 alcohol to disinfect instead of 100?
INFORMATIVE: What alcohol is used in beverages?
Where can I get isopropyl rubbing alcohol?
91% Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol, 32 fl oz – –
 All about addiction


Feds get low information security grades from CSIA
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Despite some steps to improve the national information security infrastructure, the federal government earned low grades in the subject from one advocacy group.
The Cyber Security Industry Alliance (CSIA) gave the federal government a "D" in three prominent information security areas: security of sensitive information, security and resiliency of critical information infrastructure and federal information assurance.
The organization also urged the Bush Administration and Congress to implement legislation to protect sensitive information and critical infrastructure.
Recent personal information exposures should cue lawmakers to do more to protect consumers' personal data, Liz Gasster, CSIA acting executive director and general counsel, told SCMagazine.com today.
"What we are really talking about here is the need for a comprehensive approach to protect personal data, wherever that data might be," she said. "Congress could take a huge step by passing a law that would protect data wherever it might rest, and it would benefit the public sector and the private sector."
The CSIA gave the feds poor grades on securing sensitive information because Congress failed to pass a comprehensive law protecting personal data, and a "D" on protecting critical infrastructure because the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has not offered a clear agenda on cybersecurity priorities or established a coordination network.
The government fared poorly on information assurance because it needs improvement in "procurement, resolving systemic telework issues and releasing information on the cost of cyberattacks," according to a CSIA statement.
The organization called on Congress to pass a comprehensive federal breach notification act and work with the administration to strengthen the Federal Information Security Management Act.
The CSIA also urged DHS to establish cybersecurity and telecommunications priorities.
Click here to email Online Editor Frank Washkuch Jr.
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Teacher Besties
We are all aware of those two students that are always spending time together, who share each and every secret, and are a pair made in heaven. But have you ever wondered how well the teachers know their teacher-best friends? Here we ask our teachers how well they know the colleagues they interact with the most and see how close the friendship is between the Tompkins staff.
What is their favorite color?
Crestani guess: Blue Olenius guess: Green
Crestani answer: Yellow Olenius answer: Peacock green
Davis guess: Blue Sandoval guess: Blue
Davis answer: Pink Sandoval answer: Red
Cherry guess: Maize Grisdale guess: Blue
Cherry answer: Crimson Grisdale answer: Navy
Walton guess: Maroon Daigle guess:Green
Walton answer: Green Daigle answer: Blue
What is their favorite type of food/cuisine?
Crestani guess: Mexican Olenius guess: Italian
Crestani answer: Italian Olenius answer: Mexican
Davis guess: Mexican Sandoval guess: American
Davis answer: Mexican Sandoval answer: Mexican
Cherry guess: Steak Grisdale: üburrito
Cherry answer: Mexican Grisdale answer: Italian
Walton guess: Mexican Daigle guess: Chinese
Walton answer: Chinese Daigle answer: Thai
What is their favorite thing to do in their free time?
Crestani guess: Movies Olenius guess: Travel
Crestani answer: Cook Olenius answer: Ride horses
Davis guess: Soccer Sandoval guess: Golf
Davis answer: Golf Sandoval answer: Soccer
Cherry guess: Boating Grisdale guess: Read
Cherry answer: Movies and music Grisdale answer: Work out
Walton guess: Reading Daigle guess: Robotics
Walton answer: Reading Daigle answer: Watch football
Where were they born/ where is their hometown?
Crestani guess: Victoria, TX Olenius guess: Houston TX
Crestani answer: Houston, TX Olenius answer: Victoria, TX
Davis guess: Brenham, TX Sandoval guess: Texas
Davis answer: Midland, TX Sandoval answer: Brenham, TX
Cherry guess: Cheboygan, MI Grisdale guess: Indiana
Cherry answer: Clayton, IN Grisdale answer: Cheboygan, MI
Walton guess: Houston Area Daigle guess: Texas
Walton answer: Texas Daigle answer: Sugarland, TX
Do they have any pets?
Crestani guess: Hedgehog Olenius guess: Labrador retriever
Crestani answer: A Labrador retriever Olenius answer: Dog, hedgehog and a fish
Davis guess: No pets Sandoval guess: No pets
Davis answer: Two dogs Sandoval answer: No pets
Cherry guess: A dog Grisdale guess: A dog
Cherry answer: A dog Grisdale answer: A dog
Walton guess: A dog Daigle guess: No pets
Walton answer: No pets Daigle answer: Two dogs
Are they more of a early bird or a night owl?
Crestani guess: Night Owl Olenius guess: Night Owl
Crestani answer: Night Owl Olenius answer: Early Bird
Davis guess: Night Owl Sandoval guess: Night Owl
Davis answer: Early Bird Sandoval answer: Night Owl
Cherry guess: Early Bird Grisdale guess: Night Owl
Cherry answer: Early Bird Grisdale answer: Early Bird
Walton guess: Early Bird Daigle guess: Early Bird
Walton answer: Early Bird Daigle answer: Early Bird
When is their birthday?
Crestani guess: Sometime during summer Olenius guess: During the summer
Crestani answer: June 23 Olenius answer: June 11
Davis guess: October Sandoval guess: Spring
Davis answer: October 15 Sandoval answer: October
Cherry guess: Fall Grisdale guess: Spring
Cherry answer: August 6 Grisdale answer: October 31
Walton guess: June Daigle guess: April
Walton answer: Spring Daigle answer: Winter time
What is their favorite genre of music?
Crestani guess: Country Olenius guess: 70s rock
Crestani answer: 70s rock Olenius answer: 80s and 90s music
Davis guess: Country Sandoval guess: Country
Davis answer: Country Sandoval answer: Rap
Cherry guess: 70s and 80s rock Grisdale guess: Soft pop rock
Cherry answer: 70s music Grisdale answer: Classic rock
Walton guess: Alternative Daigle guess: Classical
Walton answer: Alternative rock Daigle answer: Soul music


Network Working Group Dave Crocker, Rand-ISD
Request for Comments: 729 (Dcrocker at Rand-Unix)
NlC: 40306 13 May l977
 TELNET Byte Macro Option
1. Command name and code:
 BM 19
2. Command Meanings:
 The sender of this command REQUESTS or AGREES to use the BM
 option, and will send sing1e data characters which are to be
 interpreted as if longer data strings had been sent.
 The sender of this option REFUSES to send single data
 characters which are to be interpreted as if longer data
 strings had been sent.
 The sender REQUESTS or AGREES to have the other side (send of
 WILL BM) issue send single data characters which are to be
 interpreted as if longer data strings had been sent.
 The sender REFUSES to allow the other side to send single data
 characters which are to be interpreted as if longer data
 strings had been sent.
 IAC SE
 the network; it may NOT be Telnet IAC (decimal 255).
RFC #729 Telnet Byte Macro Option Page 2
 is a one-byte binary number, indicating how many
 characters follow, up to the ending IAC
 SE, but not including it.
 is a string of one or more Telnet ASCII
 represent; any character may occur within an will be sent instead of the
 indicated . The receiver of the
 (the sender of the DO BM) is to behave EXACTLY as if the
 of bytes had instead been received from the
 network. This interpretation is to occur before any other
 Telnet interpretations, unless the occurs as part
 of a BM subcommand; in this case no special interpretation is
 to be made.
 Note that the effect of a particular may be
 negated by reseting it to "expand" into itself.
 is decimal 01.
 IAC SB BM IAC SE
 requested definition and will perform the indicating expansion
 whenever a is received and is not part of a BM
 is decimal 02.
 The receive of the for refuses to
 perform the indicated translation from to
 either because the particular
 is not an acceptable choice or because the length of the
 exceeds available storage.
 is decimal 03.
 may be
 which is decimal 01; or
 which is decimal 02.
RFC #729 Telnet Byte Macro Option Page 3
 IAC SB BM IAC SE
 representative of the
 is decimal 03.
3. Default:
 No reinterpretation of data is allowed.
4. Motivation for the option:
 Subcommands for Telnet options currently require a minimum of five
 IAC SE). For sub-commands which are employed infrequently, in
 absolute numbers and in relation to normal data, this overhead is
 tolerable. In other cases, however, it is not. For example, data
 which is sent in a block-oriented fashion may need a "block
 separator" mark. If blocks are commonly as small as five or ten
 bytes, then most of the cross-net data will be control information.
 The BM option is intended as a simple data compression technique,
 to remove this overhead from the communication channel.
5. Description of the option
 The option is enabled through the standard Telnet Option
 negotiation process. Afterwards, the SENDER of data (the side which
 sends the IAC WILL BM) is free to define and use mappings between
 single and multiple NOT characters. Except for the ability to offer
 a blanket refusal, the receiver of data has no control over the
 definition and use of mappings.
 a until it has received an or , in
 reply to a .
 member of an but is the ONLY character which may
 NOT be defined as a . ALL OTHER Telnet command
 characters use IAC as a preface and therefore occupy a SEPARATE
 portion of the data space than do regular data bytes.
RFC #729 Telnet Byte Macro Option Page 4
 With the exception of IAC, data transfered as part of BM
 subcommands are NOT to be interpreted. They are to be taken only as
 their normal character values. This avoids the problem of
 byte>, and interpreted as its corresponding , and
 that same character to be taken as its usual Telnet NVT value. In
 all other cases, however, s are to be interpreted
 immediately, as if the had actually been sent
 across the network. Expanded strings are not subject to
 reinterpretation, so that recursive definitions cannot be made.
 The in the subcommand allows the receiver to
 allocate storage. IAC interpretation is not over-ridden during BM
 subcommands so that IAC SE will continue to safely terminate
 malformed subcommands. To include IAC as part of a , the
 string "IAC IAC" must be sent.
 The BM option is notably inefficient with regard to problems during
 is expected that relatively few s will be defined and
 that they will represent relatively short strings. Since the Telnet
 data space between decimal 128 and decimal 254 is not normally
 used, except by implementations employing the original Telnet
 from that pool.


Can Cats Eat Oysters? - Cat Kingpin
Can Cats Eat Oysters
Can Cats Eat Oysters?
My wife hates them, but I enjoy the occasional raw oyster. However, I have to admit that I don't know if it's actually the oysters I like, or if they are merely a vehicle for the lemon juice and cocktail sauce.
If you happen to be slurping down some oysters while your cat's around, you might be wondering if it would be okay to let them have a bite. As we will see, cooked oysters are okay as an occasional treat, but it's probably better not to give cats raw oysters.
In this article, we'll cover the following:
 - Cats and Oysters, What You Need to Know
 - Can Cats Eat Oysters?
 - Can Kittens Eat Oysters?
 - Benefits/Drawbacks to Cats Eating Oysters
 - Healthy Alternatives to Oysters for Cats
Cats and Oysters, What You Need to Know
Oysters are salt-water, hard-shelled creatures that are consumed as a delicacy by people around the world. Being a mollusk, oysters are part of a large group of invertebrate animals that includes snails, slugs, clams, octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish.
As you might imagine, cats in the wild would rarely come into contact with an oysters. However, as the following video shows, some cats do enjoy oysters given to them by their human companions:
Since cats are meat-eaters, it's not surprising to see one eating oysters. In fact, being obligate carnivores, meat is the only food cats really need to eat and they derive little to no nutrition from plants and vegetables.
But, are oysters a good source of meat for cats? Would they like them?
From a nutritional standpoint, oysters aren't a bad food. One hundred grams of raw oysters contains about 68 Calories, 7 grams of protein, and significant amounts of vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium.
Can Cats Eat Oysters?
While cooked oysters are generally okay to give cats, raw oysters carry some risk of sickness from bacteria and parasites.
It's unlikely your cat would get sick from eating raw oysters, but why take chances with their health? Instead, just stick with providing them with the occasional cooked oysters as a treat.
Can Kittens Eat Oysters?
Because of their immature immune and digestive systems, kittens are susceptible to illness. Bacteria and parasites that could be in raw oysters are even more likely to make a kitten sick than an adult cat.
Make sure any oysters you feed your kitten are cooked first, and don't contain any additives like salt, spices, or horseradish. Even then, it should be given only as on occasional treat and in small quantities.
High-quality, grain-free kitten food has all the nutrients a growing kitten needs. So, it's best to stick with something like Wellness kitten food or else Taste of the Wild kitten food.
Benefits and Drawbacks to Cats Eating Oysters
As we have learned, cooked oysters can provide protein that is required in your cat's diet. However, raw oysters can be contaminated with a bacterium known as Vibrio, which has been identified as a source of human illness.
Vibrio usually only affects people with compromised immune systems. Most commonly associated with eating raw oysters, the bacteria normally causes gastrointestinal symptoms, but in serious cases has resulted in the loss of limbs and even death.
While cats are not known to be affected by Vibrio, it's best to be safe and only give your cat cooked oysters.
Additionally, oysters can contain high levels of the metal cadmium. Cats are particularly sensitive to some types of heavy metal poisoning, so it's best to limit the amount of oysters you give to your cat.
Perhaps most importantly, oysters are a known source of food allergy in humans and might also be for cats. Food allergies are the third most common type of feline allergy, surpassed by only flea bite allergies and sensitivity to inhaled substances.
In cats, food allergies usually manifest themselves as skin reactions. Symptoms of food allergies in cats can include:
 - Sneezing, snoring, coughing, and wheezing
 - Itchy skin, scratching, and chewing
 - Ear infections
 - Runny eyes
 - Vomiting
 - Diarrhea
 - Swollen paws
 - Possible farting
If you do decide to give your cat oysters, make sure you stay alert for any of the above symptoms.
Healthy Alternatives to Oysters
Adult cats are fine to have a little bit of cooked oysters from time to time. But, with all of the great options out there, why not try a seafood-themed cat food? There are also seafood cat treats that can satisfy your cat's craving for oysters.
There's no rush to feed oysters to your cat, however. They don't need it to survive, so any high-quality, meat-based cat food will be great for them, such as Wellness or Taste of the Wild cat foods.
So, can cats eat oysters?
Well, now we know that cats can eat oysters. We also learned you should never feed raw oysters to your cat or kitten because of the bacteria and parasites that might make your cat sick if present.
Most importantly, we saw that there are many safe and healthy seafood cat foods and treats that are great alternatives for your kitty.
If you have any questions or would like to share a story about your cat and oysters, please tell us in the comments below. We'd love to hear from you!
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The ability to move air rapidly and efficiently in HVAC systems is essential to achieving a cost-efficient comfort system. The electrical motors that were used in HVAC applications were AC induction style motors that were either single-or multi-speed — they'd run at one speed for heating, another for cooling, and sometimes a third speed for two-stage systems.
The problem with these types of motors is that they use a lot of energy because they run at full amp draw at all times — even during off-demand cycles. Also, since the motors run on high speed all the time, the noise levels are also high.
To address these two concerns — efficiency and noise — the electronically commutated motor (ECM) was developed. According to GE, an innovator in ECM technology, the wide range of the ECM motor, high efficiency, and programmability gives it a virtually unlimited range of performance characteristics.
Of course, the increasing popularity of the ECM motor has led to a number of questions from technicians on how to service and troubleshoot ECM-driven systems.
GE offers a few basic checks that technicians should perform before troubleshooting the ECM motor. One thing to always keep in mind, however, is to always consult the manufacturer's guide to confirm proper configurations and demands.
- Verify that the correct thermostat input voltage is present at the interface of the main control board on the furnace or air handler. Loose or broken low-voltage wires can potentially cause intermittent problems.
- When checking low-voltage connections, always use the C terminal on the board, never on the ground.
- Check the setting of the jumper pins or DIP switches on the manufacturer's control board. Don't assume they are correct; use the manufacturer's guide to select the proper airflow, delays, and profiles. And, be sure to always disconnect the main power to the unit when making these adjustments.
- Check all terminal/plug connections both at the HVAC system control board, and at the motor. Look for loose plugs and/or loose pin connections in the plug, and for burnt, bent or loose pins or seats.
- Confirm there are no limits, rollouts, or safeties tripped. Also check for any fault codes present on the control boards. If fault codes are present, consult the manufacturer's recommendations to resolve the problem.
If these checks don't resolve the problem, or if the fault code reveals a motor problem, then it's time for some additional diagnostics.
For most models of ECM motors, it is normal for the motor to rock back and forth on start up. If this is the only symptom identified, there is no need to replace the motor.
However, if the system is excessively noisy, doesn't appear to change speeds in response to a demand for heat or cooling, or is having symptoms during the cycle such as a tripping limit or freezing coil, there are a number of checks that can be performed.
Wait for programmed delays to time out. If delays are too long, then reset them using the manufacturer's chart.
Ensure the airflow settings are correct for the installed system using the charts. Remember that the change in airflow between continuous-fan speed and low stages of operation may be very slight depending on the size of the system. If the system is operating normally in each stage, then there is no problem.
Remove the filter and check that all of the dampers, registers, and grills are open and free-flowing. If removing the filter corrects the problem, clean or replace with a less restrictive filter.
Also, check and clean the blower wheel, secondary heat exchanger, and evaporator coil. If this doesn't correct the problem, then check the external static pressure. If it's higher than the manufacturer's recommendations, then correct the airflow restriction.
If the motor does not shut off at the end of the cycle, check the delay times and wait for delays to time out. Make sure that there is no call for "continuous fan" on the G terminal. This motor may take a while to come to a complete stop with selected delays and the normal ramp down.
There are also a few checks you can perform if the ECM motor is not running. First, check for proper high-voltage and ground at the five-pin connector at the motor. Correct any voltage issues before proceeding.
ECM motors are dual voltage motors capable of operating in 120 or 240VAC systems. On the 120VAC systems, there should be a jumper between terminals one and two. On 240VAC systems, the jumper should be removed. If the motor is operating at 240VAC with the jumper in place, the motor will be permanently damaged.
ECM Service Tech Tips
Tech Tip 1: Don't automatically assume the ECM motor has failed. Make sure you go through the diagnostic steps completely before replacing the motor.
Tech Tip 2: When it's necessary to disconnect the power from the HVAC system, it's always a good practice to verify that voltage has been disconnected, by using a voltmeter.
Tech Tip 3: A True-RMS meter isn't needed to check high-or low-voltage to the motor.
Tech Tip 4: If you must replace the 2.0, 2.3, or 2.5 control module, then be sure to use a direct replacement from the manufacturer. ECM control modules are factory programmed for specific manufacturer applications. If you use the wrong control module, it will void all product warranties and may result in improper or no blower operation.
Tech Tip 5: If a check of the control module indicates replacement is required, then also check the motor module. Installing a new control on a failed motor will result in the new control also failing.
Tech Tip 6: Always pull the connector and not the wires. Most connectors are also keyed. Reconnecting a connector the wrong way could damage the motor.
Tech Tip 7: When checking any plug connector, the meter leads are most likely larger than the terminals or socket. Using thin leads will prevent the terminals from being damaged by a voltage check.


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Mon May 7, 2012
Earth Calendar for May 7th and 8th
The United States has one of the safest public drinking water systems in the world. Tap water not only provides water for daily activities such as drinking, bathing and cooking, it also benefits the entire community by providing water to serve businesses, school and hospitals and promoting overall health. May 6th - 12th is Drinking Water Week, an annual observance whose theme this year, "Water: Celebrate the Essential", will underscore the many services provided by public drinking water in the United States. New challenges to the US water supply include an again water infrastructure, the impact of climate change on water supply and quality, chemical contaminants, emerging pathogens and the development of new ways to obtain and use water. Safe drinking water depends on all of us and we all depend upon it. We can do our part by being informed, observant, involved and protective. For mor information, visit the American Water Works Association's website.
On Our Calendar
Do you love watching birds? Do you wish you could identify some of the birds that live near you? If so, meet at Burnet Woods and learn some of the basic birding techniques that will help you become a better birder. Learn the lingo and discover the best habitats to find our feathered friends at the Trailside Nature Center on May 12th at 9:00 am. For more information, call _PHONE_.


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The Sun at Midday: Tales of a Mediterranean Family
This book is available for download with iBooks on your Mac or iOS device, and with iTunes on your computer. Books can be read with iBooks on your Mac or iOS device.
This astonishing memoir is the story of a family who always felt slightly foreign in every country and developed a chameleon-like ability to adapt to their surroundings. Gini Alhadeff was born in Alexandria, Egypt, and grew up in Cairo, Khartoum, Florence, and Tokyo. With a vivid gift for narrative, Alhadeff evokes the languid Alexandria of the early decades of this century (where her mother's family made its fortune in cotton) and some of its beguiling honorary citizens: a violet-eyed aunt who refused to have new slipcovers made for her sofa so President Nasser would find the old ones when her house was impounded; a cousin who was taught the limits of reason by Wittgenstein at Cambridge and became a monsignor; a gynecologist uncle interned at Auschwitz and then Buchenwald, who lived to tell his tale with stark unsentimentality. With a keen sense for both the comic and the tragic, Alhadeff sizes up what is left of the family fortune: a tendency to live beyond one's means, the stories and legends that survive the rise and fall of families, and the present as a paradise for those who, having lost all, have nothing to lose.


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Cooling Pad for Laptop is an external external device for laptops. It helps in dissipation of heat emitted by the components of the machine due to intense load. For the desktops, there are several options for effective cooling like adding an additional cooling system for the processor, changing the cabinet etc. But for a laptop, the options to use cooling are practically limited. This problem is magnified when the laptop is used for prolonged period or high working load is given and can be solved by using a Cooling Pad for Laptop.
Brief Technical Details about Cooling Pad for Laptop
Since several years, the performance of laptops easily can compete with a Server or a Desktop. But miniaturization of the desktop made sacrifices the laptop cooling because the volume is much smaller to be circulated and the number of fans are lower too, typically when on battery these too switches off in order to save the battery.
In some situations, professionals put their machines to work with 100% CPU load, which can cause a crash of the machine for critical overheating or can hibernate it. Added discomfort to the user is related to the heat that is transmitted through the keyboard and the area surrounding the touchpad and the noise generated by a fan sometimes becomes pathetic.
Types of Cooling Pad for Laptop
Active Cooling Pad for Laptop
Active Cooling Pad for Laptop is a kind of plate like device having approximately the same width and the same depth as the laptop and measures a few centimeters, on which the laptop sits on. Active Cooling Pad for Laptop is most commonly used Cooling Pad for Laptop and are made of plastic or aluminum. Active Cooling Pad for Laptop contains one or more fans (with or without LED light) arranged horizontally and in different formats. Most models have 1, 2 or 3 fans, with an average diameter of 70mm. Some Active Cooling Pad for Laptop provide a single high performance fan, but a very large diameter exceeding 200mm.
The fans of these Cooling Pad for Laptop are powered by one or two ports USB or via an AC adapter. A switch generally allows the fans to stop, sometimes it is a potentiometer adjustment which adapts the fan speed itself. The vast majority of Cooling Pad for Laptop breath fresh air.
For making the heat transfer most effective, an active Cooling Pad for Laptop is littered with vents on the top and vents on the sides (for better air intake outside).
Apart from its primary function is cooling, active can offer other possibilities such as:
- Tilting dock : Active Cooling Pad for Laptop in addition to cooling can be used to tilt a few degrees, providing more comfort in typing and reading. The angle can be adjustable too, depending on the model.
- In addition to the inclination, the device may have a palm rest in the front avoiding the laptop to slip if the inclination is large, which provide more comfort and less fatigue to the user.
- An USB is added often.
- Some Active Cooling Pad for Laptop has Reader memory card for digital cameras, camcorders, MP3 players and other mobile devices.
- Some Active Cooling Pad for Laptop can be folded in half for easy transport and storage.
Passive Cooling Pad for Laptop
Some manufacturers are engaged in the manufacture in production of passive Cooling Pad for Laptop, they does not have fans or moving parts. Although they are uncommon, there are two types:
- The aluminum shelf type Passive Cooling Pad for Laptop: It looks like an active Cooling Pad for Laptop, but the interior is empty and placed in the open air. Fins and heat pipes provide dissipation of heat in contact.
- Cooling Mat or Colling Blanket: This is generally a flexible and has appearance of a quilted fabric. The interior contains sodium sulfate decahydrate, Which is solid when cold and becomes liquid under heat, thus uses the physical and chemical property of it.
These passive Cooling Pad for Laptop devices are effective, but to a lesser extent, they become ineffective during prolonged use of the computer. Advantage lies in the absence of energy consumption, no noise and ease to fold and carry.
Buying a Cooling Pad for Laptop
It is important to note that all Cooling Pad for Laptop are not suitable for all, for the simple reason that the stand is variable in dimensions (width and depth) must be greater than (but not too much) or equal to the laptop. Too small Cooling Pad for Laptop can limit the effectiveness of cooling.


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|Group:||Group IV ((+)ssRNA)|
The Leviviridae are a family of bacteriophages. These are small RNA viruses with linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genomes that encode only four proteins. All phages of this family require bacterial pili to attach to and infect cells.
- Genus Allolevivirus; type species: Enterobacteria phage Qβ
- Genus Levivirus; type species: Enterobacteria phage MS2
The four proteins encoded are the coat, replicase, maturation and lysis proteins.
|This virus-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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A pulse oximeter is a device that checks how much oxygen is in the blood.
A small clip is put on a finger, toe, or earlobe. The light beam in the clip measures the oxygen of the red blood cells that move through the cells in the finger, toe, or earlobe. The person's oxygen level can be read on the display.
The pulse oximeter often has an alarm for blood oxygen levels that fall below a safe level.
eMedicineHealth Medical Reference from Healthwise
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- Vitamin Guide
- Health Conditions
- Health Centers
- Diet & Weight Loss
- Herbal Remedies
- Current News
- Food Guide
The bark and sometimes the berries of these two American trees are used as medicine. There are many other trees in this genus that grow on other continents, including Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum), which grows in Asia.
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
For over a decade, our team has combed through thousands of research articles published in reputable journals. To help you make educated decisions, and to better understand controversial or confusing supplements, our medical experts have digested the science into these three easy-to-follow ratings. We hope this provides you with a helpful resource to make informed decisions towards your health and well-being.
Indigestion, Heartburn, and Low Stomach Acidity
|Refer to label instructions||[1 star] Prickly ash acts as a digestive stimulant and may be helpful for indigestion.|
|Refer to label instructions||[1 star] The bark was also widely used by herbalists to treat rheumatic conditions.|
|Refer to label instructions||[1 star] Prickly ash bark contains alkaloids and a volatile oil. Herculin, an alkamide in the plant, produces a localized numbing effect on the tongue when consumed, which may explain the historical use of prickly ash for toothaches.|
Many eastern Native American tribes valued prickly ash as a remedy for upset stomach, sore throats, aching muscles, skin infections, to stimulate saliva flow, and various other conditions.1 Eclectic physicians (doctors who recommended herbal medicines) in the United States at the end of the 19th century continued the traditional uses of prickly ash, primarily as a digestive aid, to strengthen the nervous system, and for cholera.2 The bark was also widely used by herbalists to treat rheumatic conditions.3 Prickly ash is also considered an alterative in traditional herbalism, meaning it enhances the body's ability to fight against and recover from all manner of difficulties.4 Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum simulans) is used for similar indications as its American relative as well as for killing parasites.5
Copyright © 2013 Aisle7. All rights reserved. Aisle7.com
The information presented in Aisle7 is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. Self-treatment is not recommended for life-threatening conditions that require medical treatment under a doctor's care. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires June 2014.


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Gigabyte G31M-ES2C is a value motheboard for Intel socket LGA775 processors based on Intel G31 chipset, which is today the simpliest chipset from Intel, supporting 45 nm CPUs, 1,333 MHz front side bus and 800 MHz memory modules in dual channel configuration. This motherboard, however, supports front side bus up to 1,600 MHz through overclocking.
Intel G31 chipset uses exactly the same graphics engine of Intel G33 chipset, called Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 3100. This graphics engine runs at 400 MHz and is DirectX 9.0 (Shader 2.0), has only two pixel shader units and no vertex shader units (this task is performed by the CPU). As you can see, the graphics engine from both G31 and G33 is outdated, using a technology from two generations ago.
The difference between G31 and G33 chipsets is on the additional features arena. G31 supports up to 4 GB of DDR2 memory and thus most of the motherboards based on this chipset have only two memory sockets. G33, on the other hand, supports up to 8 GB of memory of DDR2 or DDR3, but motherboards based on this chipset can have or not DDR3 support, depending on manufacturer's choice. Another important difference between them is the south bridge chip. G31 chipset uses ICH7 southbridge, while G33 uses either ICH9 or ICH9R south bridge. ICH7 has eight USB 2.0 ports, 10/100 Mbps network interface and four SATA-300 ports, while ICH9 has 12 USB 2.0 ports, Gigabit Ethernet interface and six SATA-300 ports, supporting RAID on ICH9R model.
A feature from this motherboard that is being promoted by Gigabyte is called "Easy Energy Saver", which, according do Gigabyte, adjusts CPU voltage according with its demands, reducing power waste when processor is idle.
In general terms G31M-ES2C is an inexpensive and simple motherboard yet with some amazing detais, like the power saving feature we wrote above and others like Dual BIOS, which brings two independent BIOS chips. The second BIOS chip is a backup chip and comes to scene if the first one fails. So you can update the BIOS with no fear of losing your motherboard if something (as a power failure) occurs during the process.
Let's take a closer look on Gigabyte G31M-ES2C features.
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Slots
- 3. Memory
- 4. On-Board Peripherals
- 5. Other Features
- 6. Main Specifications
- 7. Conclusions


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by Robyn Bykofsky
I have been facilitating media literacy and video production workshops with Bay Area youth and educators for over 12 years and the Youth Film Lab was the experience of a lifetime. It was the first workshop I taught in which teens produced and edited their videos within 4.5 hours and then an hour later screened the videos to a live audience at the Oakland School of the Arts Black Box Theater. How did we accomplish this task? First, we had a talented and motivated group of 14 teens from all over Oakland. Second, TILT (the youth media program at Ninth Street Independent Film Center) and Disposable Film Festival (DFF) crafted an action-packed curriculum that had the teens on the flip cameras right away. Teens were able to express themselves in the hands-on video activity When People See Me. This effective icebreaker allowed the teens to quickly get to know each other and therefore they were ready to jump into a brief discussion about using mobile media for social action and change.
The next hands-on camera activity focused on Media Aesthetics and the importance of framing camera shots, sound and lighting. Teens were broke into teams of two to explore the neighborhood as they practiced different types of camera shot-sizes, angles, and movement.
- Extreme close up of a small object that has big meaning
- Smooth pan of the street
- A shot (any size and angle) of a reflection that represents YOU
- Smooth tilt up to a positive message


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The Wackerbarth Palace, also known as the Ritterakadamie (German for "Knight's Academy"), was a palace in Dresden, eastern Germany, built between 1723 and 1729, under the supervision of architect J. C. Knöffel. It was one of the several Baroque palaces in Dresden which were destroyed during the allied bombing raids on February 13, 1945. It was named for Christoph August Graf von Wackerbarth, a Saxon Duke and Field Marshal. The palace was situated in the city, north of the River Elbe, at the former Beaumontplatz near Neustädter Markt.
Badly damaged during the allied bombing raids, parts of it were still standing after the war. Reconstruction would have been possible, but it was demolished by the communist regime in 1963. Presently there are no plans for a reconstruction project.
On the other hand, other palaces in Dresden, such as the Zwinger, Japanisches Palace, Residenzschloss, Taschenberg Palace, Palais Cosel and the Kurländer Palace, all heavily damaged by the allied raids, were reconstructed. Additionally, the Kurländer Palace is under reconstruction as of 2008.
- _URL_ Website of the GHND - Association for the reconstruction of the Dresden Neumarkt according to scientific standards
- Photo of before allied raids
- Photo after allied raids