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- Special Sections
- Public Notices
In today's less formal society and the ever-changing ways we communicate with each other, one can often forget that manners and etiquette should still be practiced.
Sure, today's teens may not be as well-trained in etiquette as those raised in the 1950s, but what I find shocking is that too many adults don't use the manners they were taught as children.
Having recently invited friends and families to a dinner event, I was confronted with the problem of how much food to prepare, so I included an RSVP on the invitation.
While most of those invited responded by phone or through the email address I provided, I was surprised by those who did not respond at all, even after my follow-up phone messages.
Sadly, these people might not know what RSVP means. It is the French acronym for repondez s'il vous plait, which means please respond — whether you are attending or not. Some people might think it means respond only if you are coming. Others may think it means only, respond with regrets.
Famous for writing on etiquette, author Emily Post, (1872 – 1960) states that, "Anyone receiving an invitation with an RSVP on it is obliged to reply."
Recent editions of her book, "Etiquette in Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home," say that not following this standard is "inexcusably rude."
When hosting an event, especially one with food, the host or hostess needs to know how many people are going to be in attendance.
When someone does not RSVP, even if not attending, the host is left wondering how much food and drink to prepare, or is left with the uncomfortable task of chasing an invitee for an answer to the invitation.
The same courtesy regarding thank you notes applies.
When I was younger, I always hated sitting down to write thank you notes for birthday, holiday and special occasion gifts I received. But saying thank you to someone for a kindness has always been — and still is — good manners.
My parents taught me that fact of life, just like they taught me the importance of brushing my teeth.
A handwritten thank you note lets the recipient know that you really are thankful for their gift to you. When you go through the trouble of personally writing to them and send it through the mail, it emphasizes your gratitude, much more than an e-card.
Emily Post's website Etipedia, indicates that procrastination is probably the reason people do not respond to the RSVP or take time to write a thank you note.
The best policy is to respond as soon as possible, before you forget.
I don't know if etiquette classes are around anymore. If they are, they need to be stepped up a notch.
Or more people should be enrolled in them because it seems there are fewer people using manners these days.
If you are an adult, please dust off those manners, polish up on etiquette and pass on those good old fashioned and important values to the next generation.


FishbowlNY FishbowlDC LostRemote InsideMobileApps InsideSocialGames TVNewser TVSpy AgencySpy PRNewser MediaJobsDaily UnBeige
'Lafcadio, the Lion Who Shot Back' Turns 50
It has been 50 years since Shel Silverstein's picture book Lafcadio, the Lion Who Shot Back was first published.
The prolific children's books creator served as the narrator of this story under the alias Uncle ShelbyView this video to see an animated adaptation of this story.
Below, we've rounded up a few ways to commemorate this special anniversary. How will you be celebrating?
1. Plan a poetry slam. Throughout his career, Silverstein wrote and illustrated several volumes of children's poetry.
2. Host an art-making party. Silverstein specialized in drawing cartoons; have a "Lafcadio the Lion" drawing contest, play games, and dive into puzzle challenges.
3. Cook up a batch of homemade marshmallows. Throughout the story, Lafcadio would display a great passion for marshmallows. Follow this link for a Food Network recipe.
Mediabistro Course
Memoir Writing


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The music of black Americans: A history
This text provides comprehensive coverage of black American music, from the arrival of the first Africans in the English colonies to contemporary developments in African-American history. The book draws on authentic documents, from colonial times to the present, to illuminate the history of black music. The book provides thorough treatment of black women musicians, including Lil Hardin Armstrong, Marian Anderson, Billie Holiday, Leontyne Price and Ella Fitzgerald.
Specifications of The music of black Americans: A history
|Publisher||W. W. Norton|
|Number Of Pages||552|
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Discovered: giving rats their due, nostalgia for cave-dwelling, shrubbery as global warming data point, and shifting the burden of responsibility for eating cookie dough.
- The lab rats finally get their due. Poked, prodded, enhanced, given alcohol, drugs, and subjected to pretty much everything by inquisitive researchers, the plight of lab rats and mice often seems bleak (even though they may be doing humanity a favor). So, is it surprising that a new study finds them banding together and displaying "compassion and helping other rodents"? Sure, it may have been a shock to some scientists, as the Associated Press informed, but rats gotta stick together. They've been through enough over the years. Humorously, the thing that they were helping each other with appears to have to do with fleeing their cages: "Given a choice between munching on a tasty chocolate treat or helping a fellow rat escape from a restraint, test rodents often preferred to liberate a pal in need," wrote the AFP. Lab jailbreak in the works? [Associated Press, AFP]
- Since we'll never learn to not eat uncooked cookie dough... Let's just encourage manufactures to make it edible, because the temptation to eat the cookie dough is irresistible. But, is that possible? Who knows. That's the suggestion from researchers affiliated with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention who studied the E. coli outbreak in raw cookie dough in 2009 and came to the conclusion that even with the potential threat of getting pretty ill by eating contaminated dough, plenty of us will still risk it anyway. So, the team seems to suggest placing the burden of responsibility on the companies churning out the dough: "Manufacturers should consider using heat-treated or pasteurized flour, in ready-to-cook or ready-to-bake foods that may be consumed without cooking or baking." What about cookie dough ice cream? [Eurekalert]
Read the full story at The Atlantic Wire.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Last update: April 2, 2020
XSEDE provides resources, software, training, and consulting that enable data analysis related activities such as:
All XSEDE high-performance computing, high-throughput computing, storage, visualization, and cloud infrastructure resources can be used for data analysis. Specific features that that are especially useful for data analysis include:
- GPUs for accelerated data analysis using AI and machine learning techniques
- Data storage resources
Visit the XSEDE Systems Monitor to find GPUs, storage, and other useful features.
Software and services that are especially useful for data analysis include the following.
For data transfer and managing data:
- Managed data transfer with Globus
- Command-line data upload and download
- Data Integrity and Validation
For large-scale data analysis:
For data collections:
To discover data analysis related software and services on XSEDE allocated HPC resources:
- Visit the User Portal software search
To discover data analysis related software and services available in any form (installable packages, cloud images, containers, SaaS, etc.) on XSEDE allocated resources, XSEDE un-allocated resources, and non-XSEDE resources:
Some useful RSP searches:
- Data Analysis software on compute resources
- Data Analysis cloud images
- Hadoop software availability
- Spark software availability
To discover XSEDE integrated Science Gateways that may provide domain specific data analysis capabilities:
- Visit the XSEDE Science Gateways List
The XSEDE training page includes data analysis related training on the Matlab and R software tools.
The Cornell Virtual Workshops covers data analysis topics including: Python, Matlab, R, HDF5, Large Data Visualization, ParaView, VisIt, Relational Databases, and MapReduce.
Users needing assistance finding and using data analysis related resources, software, services, training, or needing lightweight consulting may contact the XSEDE help desk at _EMAIL_. The Novel and Innovative Projects (NIP) team can provide this type of lightweight assistance. XSEDE allocated projects needing more in depth consulting on data preparation, data flows, data analytics, data locality, data visualization and other data techniques can request Extended Collaborative Support Services (ECSS) assistance. The Novel and Innovative Projects (NIP) area of ECSS provides lightweight consulting to assist in this process. This can be requested via _EMAIL_.


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California Department of Education
Taking Center Stage – Act II
The field of youth development focuses on research about protective factors that build students' strengths and protect them from social, emotional, and physical harm. Youth development shifts the focus from fixing negative behaviors to building youths' strengths and capacity, their resilience, or assets. The Search Institute identified 40 developmental assets as building blocks of healthy development. The list of assets contains both external and internal assets that families and schools can nurture to help students succeed. To view the list, go to the Search Institute (Outside Source) Web page on assets.
Resilience research identified three principles that protect students from risk and help them succeed:1
"These supports and opportunities, referred to as protective factors, have been linked to the development of resilience—broadly defined as the ability to rebound from adversity and achieve healthy development and successful learning. They should be available in all environments in a young person's world: home, school, community, and peer groups."2
In California, much of the youth development research comes through the Safe and Healthy Kids initiative. The Resilience & Youth Development Module provides findings from the California Healthy Kids Survey (Outside Source) between fall 1999 and spring 2002. In the fifth and seventh grades, students take the survey, giving school professionals a look at how safe the students feel and whether they perceive that adults care about them and their success (external assets). It also measures their internal assets such as cooperation, communication, empathy, problem solving, self-efficacy, self-awareness, and goals and aspirations. Research indicates that these internal assets protect a young person from involvement in health-risk behaviors and contribute to improved health, social, and academic outcomes. Results from the surveys can be an extremely useful tool in applying for grants such as the 21st Century Community Learning Centers.
Kastner Intermediate School, Clovis Unified School District, a 2008 Schools to Watch™-Taking Center Stage Model School
Kastner promotes adolescent resilience by developing student assets. The mission of the school is to provide a safe and nurturing environment that promotes character, respect, and academic excellence. To help students develop those assets—or strengths—staff members support students through small learning communities. The grade-level teams are staffed by a vice principal, a counselor, and a secretary.
In addition, all students benefit from a wide range of support services provided by a part-time school psychologist, a full-time nurse, a part-time school liaison officer, and a full-time district police officer. All staff members serve as mentors and proactively interact with all students, with a special focus on students exhibiting at-risk behavior. An annual needs assessment and climate survey help to inform staff members about potential needs for staff development and targeted strategies.
An active Student Human Relations committee helps to give students a voice about the school climate and to keep staff members alert to any potential areas of concern. Ethnic student clubs help to connect students and build a sense of belonging. In addition, students at Kastner can receive training as peer counselors, peer mediators, or eighth grade WEB (Where Everybody Belongs) mentors for seventh grade students. In addition, Kastner students are invited to participate in Challenge Day sensitivity training that teaches them to identify their own issues and biases and how they can challenge themselves and others accept each other as who they are and celebrate everyone's contributions. All of these services are available to address the unique needs of adolescents facing very challenging issues in today's world.
The Kastner population includes 1,200 students in seventh and eighth grade. The demographic profile is 52 percent white, 23 percent Hispanic, 13 percent Asian, 5 percent African American, 3 percent other, and 1 percent Native American/Alaskan.
Several research studies show a positive correlation between academic achievement and developmental assets. Among other things, the research suggests that:
One key asset that schools help students develop is self-discipline. Research found that the amount of self-discipline students reported at the beginning of school was "more than twice" as important as intelligence quotient in terms of student choices. Researchers included final grades, high school selection, school attendance, hours spent doing homework, hours spent watching television (inversely), and the time of day students began their homework in the measures of success. These findings suggest that failure to exercise self-discipline is a major reason for students falling short of their intellectual potential.7
Fortuna Middle School, Fortuna Union Elementary School District
Eighth-grade science students brainstormed methods to study the various effects of drugs and the situations and environments in which a student might encounter drugs. The students decided to develop board games that incorporated the effects of drug abuse and presented scenarios of what to do if students encounter drugs. The students discussed the importance of early education on drug use and decided to teach the sixth-grade students how to play their new drug education game. The eighth graders also created a presentation that explained the project in its entirety. Students copied the presentation and project onto compact disks so the service-learning activity could be shared with other teachers and students.
The students incorporated the language arts content standards through the design and production of the board games. This service-learning activity also included the health education content standards for middle schools in the following manner:
After creating their board games, the eighth graders explained what they learned about short-term and long-term effects of substance abuse to the sixth-grade classes. The eighth-graders followed up the discussion by teaching the sixth graders how to play the board games and coached them on avoidance strategies.
Ventura County Office of Education
In 2007, the office of the Ventura County Superintendent of Schools published Creating Asset Rich Environments for Children and Youth-- A Call to Action: Ventura County CAREs. The document reflects the vision of the Ventura County Building Assets Strengthening Individuals and Communities Commission (BASICO), which was convened by the County Superintendent of Schools. Creating Asset Rich Environments for Children and Youth presents the work of the Commission, including:
Three basic youth resilience tenets form the basis for the CAREs action plan:
1Resilience & Youth Development Module. Prepared by WestEd and the Safe and Healthy Kids Program Office. Sacramento: California Department of Education, 2002, 1.
5Getting Results: Developing Safe and Healthy Kids Update 5; Student Health, Supportive Schools, and Academic Success (PDF; 895KB; 89pp.). Sacramento: California Department of Education, 2005, 34.
6Bonnie Benard, Fostering Resilience in Children (Outside Source), ERIC Digest (August 1995).
7Angela L. Duckworth and Martin E. P. Seligman, "Self-Discipline Outdoes IQ in Predicting Academic Performance of Adolescents," Psychological Science, Vol. 16, Issue 12 (December 2005).
Back to Top
California Department of Education
1430 N Street
Sacramento, CA 95814


%0 Journal Article %J BMC Public Health %D 2018 %T Sexual health in the French military: a multidimensional and gendered perspective %A Duron, S. %A Bohet, A. %A Panjo, H. %A Bajos, N. %A Migliani, R. %A Marimoutou, C. %A Le Strat, Y. %A Meynard, J. B. %A Moreau, C. %K gender %K prevention %K sexual health %K Sexual risks %X BACKGROUND: Sexual health in the military comprises a range of concerns including sexually transmitted infections (STI), unintended pregnancy, sexual violence and sexual dysfunction. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of sexual health concerns by gender in the French military and compare these prevalences to estimates in the general population. METHODS: COSEMIL, the first sexual health survey in the French military comprises a probability sample of 1500 military personnel. Chi-square tests were used to compare lifetime abortion, STIs and sexual assault, and recent sexual dysfunction and sexual satisfaction by gender and explore the association between these indicators and current sexual risk (condom use at last intercourse). RESULTS: Women were more likely than men to declare negative sexual health outcomes, with the greatest difference related to sexual assault (24.3% versus 5.1% of males, p < 0.001) and sexual dysfunction hindering sexuality (15.2% of females versus 5.3% of males, p < 0.001). Women were also twice as likely to report ever having an STI (6.7% versus 3.4%, p = 0.03). Comparison with the French general population indicates lower percentages of STIs among military men (2.9% versus 4.9%) and higher percentages of abortion (17.6% versus 14.3%) forced sex (10.6% versus 7.4%) and sexual dysfunction (14.2% versus 9.3%) among military women. CONCLUSION: These results highlight gendered pattern of sexual health in the French military with women suffering greater sexual risks than men. Military health services should include women's health services to address the sexual and reproductive health gender gap. %B BMC Public Health %V 18 %P 750 %8 Jun 18 %@ _PHONE_ %M 29914422 %2 PMC6007003


From Syslinux Wiki
Revision as of 08:34, 28 December 2007 by Stappers (talk | contribs) (spam revert)
Jump to: navigation, search
What is MEMDISK?
MEMDISK is meant to allow booting legacy operating systems via PXE, and as a workaround for BIOSes where ISOLINUX image support doesn't work.
How can I use MEMDISK?
MEMDISK is an auxillary module used in conjunction with one of the SYSLINUX bootloaders, usually PXELINUX or ISOLINUX. You need a disk image as well as the memdisk file itself. As far as the bootloader is concerned, memdisk is the "kernel" and disk image is the initial ramdisk (initrd).
memdisk initrd=diskimg.img
... where, of course, diskimg.img is the name of the disk image file. The memdisk file and the disk image need to be present in the appropriate location (for PXELINUX, on your TFTP server, for ISOLINUX, in the /isolinux directory on your CD, etc.)
Normally, however, you would put something like following in the configuration file:
label dos
 kernel memdisk
 append initrd=dosboot.img
How should the image be constructed?
The image file should contain a disk image, either a floppy disk or hard disk image. The disk image can be compressed with gzip if you have MEMDISK 2.03 or later, otherwise it should not be compressed.
If the disk image is one of the following sizes, it's assumed to be a floppy image:
 368,640 bytes 360K floppy (DD 5.25")
 737,280 bytes 720K floppy (DD 3.5")
 1,222,800 bytes 1200K floppy (HD 5.25")
 1,474,560 bytes 1440K floppy (HD 3.5")
 1,720,320 bytes 1680K floppy (HD 3.5" extended format)
 1,763,328 bytes 1722K floppy (HD 3.5" extended format)
 2,949,120 bytes 2880K floppy (ED 3.5")
For any other size, the image is assumed to be a hard disk image, and should typically have an MBR and a partition table. It may optionally have a DOSEMU geometry header; in which case the header is used to determine the C/H/S geometry of the disk. Otherwise, the geometry is determined by examining the partition table, so the entire image should be partitioned for proper operation (it may be divided between multiple partitions, however.)
It is also possible to specify the geometry manually, overriding the autodetect feature, by specifying the following command-line options:
 c=number Specify the number of cylinders (max 1024*)
 h=number Specify the number of heads (max 256*)
 s=number Specify the number of sectors (max 63)
 floppy[=number] The image is a floppy disk image**
 harddisk[=number] The image is a hard disk image**
 \* MS-DOS only allows max 255 heads, and only allows 255 cylinders on floppy disks.
 \*\* Normally MEMDISK emulates the first floppy or hard disk. This can be overridden by specifying an index, e.g. floppy=1 will simulate fd1 (B:). This may not work on all operating systems or BIOSes.
MEMDISK version 2.13 and later also supports the following options:
 ro Make the simulated disk readonly.
 raw Use raw access to protected mode memory.
MEMDISK normally uses the BIOS "INT 15h mover" API to access high memory. This is well-behaved with extended memory managers which load later. Unfortunately it appears that the "DOS boot disk" from WinME/XP intentionally(!) crashes the system when this API is invoked. This command-line option tells MEMDISK to enter protected mode directly, whenever possible. It may, however, break other things.
 bigraw Use raw access to protected mode memory, return to big real mode.
(New in 3.08) This is like raw, but leaves the CPU in "big real mode" afterwards. This may work for some systems when the raw option doesn't.


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Inclusion of an instrument in this website should not be interpreted as an endorsement of the instrument by the ACR/ARP. Inclusion criteria which we initially used to select instruments for this website began with those instruments listed in Arthritis Care and Research Volume 63, Issue 11S, November 2011.
In some cases, license fees may be required to use an instrument. Please refer to the supplement to determine the requirements for using each instrument.
In November 2011, Arthritis Care & Research published a supplement entitled Patient Outcomes in Rheumatology: A Review of Measures, was published in November of 2011 (Volume 63, Issue 11S). This issue contains 35 reviews of over 250 outcome instruments in 4 primary domains.
The ARHP Research Subcommittee developed this page to highlight some of the more commonly used patient outcome measures in rheumatology. The content below is to assist clinical researchers and clinicians in learning about valid and reliable patient-oriented outcome instruments that are useful in the study and management of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions.
Because various conceptual and operational definitions have been used in studies to document the effects of health care interventions on patient outcomes in arthritis, here are brief definitions of some of the terms that are used in research:
Health: defined by the World Health Organization as "not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"3but as a concept that incorporates well-being or wellness in all areas of life (physical, mental, emotional, social, spiritual). Health, according to this definition, is a broad concept incorporating disease, illness, and wellness. When considered as a dimension of quality of life, health is best thought to fall under the purview of health care providers in order to provide a health care intervention.
Health Status: an individual's relative level of wellness and illness, taking into account the presence of biological or physiological dysfunction, symptoms, and functional impairment.
Health Perceptions/Perceived Health Status: subjective ratings by the affected individual of his or her health status. Some people perceive themselves as healthy despite suffering from arthritis, while others perceive themselves as ill when no objective evidence of disease can be found.
Quality of life: an individual's satisfaction or happiness with life in domains he or she considers important1. Also known as "life satisfaction" or "subjective well-being," it is now sometimes referred to as "overall quality of life" or "global quality of life" to distinguish it from "health-related quality of life." It is the broadest of all concepts influenced by all of the dimensions of life that contribute to its richness and reward, pleasure and pain. These dimensions include, but are not limited to, health. A person's assessment of satisfaction with life involves two subjective considerations:
For instance a person can be unsatisfied with a domain that one considers to be of relatively little importance, and report a satisfactory overall quality of life. However, dissatisfaction with a domain of great importance to an individual, would clearly contribute to lower overall life quality.
Numerous taxonomies of life domains have been proposed by social, psychological, gerontological, and health sciences researchers based on studies of general populations of both well and ill people. A typical taxonomy is that of Flanagan2, which categorizes 15 dimensions of life quality into five domains, as shown below in the table.
Table: Flanagan's Dimensions of Quality of Life
Quality of Life Dimensions
Relations with other people
Relations with spouse
Having and rearing children
Relations with parents, siblings, or other relatives
Relations with friends
Social, community, civic activities
Helping and encouraging others
Participating in local and governmental affairs
Personal development, fulfillment
Understanding and planning
Occupational role career
Creativity and personal expression
Socializing with others
Passive and observational recreational activities
Participating in active recreation
Functional status: an individual's ability to perform normal daily activities required to meet basic needs, fulfill usual roles, and maintain health and well-being5,6. Functional status includes functional capacity and functional performance. Functional status can be influenced by biological or physiological impairment, symptoms, mood, and other factors.6 It is also likely to be influenced by health perceptions. For example, a person whom most would judge to be well but who views him/herself as ill may have a low level of functional performance in relation to his capacity.5
Functional capacity: represents an individual's capacity to perform daily activities in the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual domains of life. Example - A maximal exercise test measures physical functional capacity.
Functional performance: refers to the activities people actually do during the course of their daily lives.5 Example - A self-report of activities of daily living measures functional performance.
Mood: refers to emotional responses to stressors such as changes in health state. These emotional reactions to life experiences are usually reflected in an individual's affect: the face one presents to the world.
Symptoms: are patients' perceptions of "an abnormal physical, emotional, or cognitive state"6.
Reliability: The extent to which an instrument yields the same results on repeated measures when the underlying construct being measured has not changed.
Inter-rater reliability: Demonstrates the equivalence or agreement among raters who are collecting the same data. Inter-rater reliability is appropriate when the participants in a study are being tested by the researcher. It is not appropriate when research participants are rating their own behavior, perceptions, opinions, or attitudes.
Intra-rater reliability: Demonstrates the equivalence or agreement within a rater who is collecting data.
Test-retest reliability: Demonstrates the stability or consistency of a measure. It is not appropriate to use when measuring a non-stable construct. To determine stability, a measurement is taken at baseline and then repeated once more after a certain interval of time. The data from the two measurements are compared to give a measure of stability.
Equivalency reliability: The extent to which two items measure identical concepts at an identical level of difficulty. Equivalency reliability is determined by relating two sets of test scores to one another to highlight the degree of relationship or association. Equivalency reliability is concerned with correlational, not causal, relationships.
Internal consistency: The extent to which tests measure the same characteristic, skill, or quality. It is a measure of the precision between the observers, or of the measuring instruments used in a study. This type of reliability often helps researchers interpret data and predict the value of scores and the limits of the relationship among variables.
Responsiveness/sensitivity to change: Used to detect meaningful change in what is being measured over time, classically described as responsiveness. It involves two issues:
Validity: Defined as the accuracy with which a measurement tool measures the concept it is intended to measure. Researchers should be concerned with both internal and external validity.
Internal validity refers to:
In studies that did not explore causal relationships, only the first of these definitions should be considered when assessing internal validity.
External validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study are generalizable.
Content validity: Based on the extent to which a measurement reflects the specific intended domain of content. For example, a researcher needing to measure an attitude like self-esteem must decide what constitutes a relevant domain of content for that attitude. For socio-cultural studies, content validity forces the researchers to define the very domains they are attempting to study.
Face validity: Concerned with how a measure appears. Does it seem like a reasonable way to gain the information the researcher is attempting to obtain? Does it appear well-designed? Does it appear as though it will work reliably? Unlike content validity, face validity does not depend on established theories for support.
Criterion-related validity: Used to demonstrate the accuracy of a measure by comparing it with another measure that has been demonstrated to be both reliable and valid.
For example, imagine that a hands-on driving test has been shown to be a reliable and valid measure of driving skills. By comparing the scores on the written driving test with the scores from the hands-on driving test, the written test can be validated by using a criterion-related strategy in which the hands-on driving test is compared to the written test.
Construct validity: Seeks agreement between a theoretical concept and a specific measuring instrument. For example, a researcher inventing a new IQ test might spend a great deal of time attempting to theoretically "define" intelligence in order to reach an acceptable level of construct validity.
Construct validity can be broken down into two sub-categories:
Introduction to Validity: William Trochim's introduction to validity in his comprehensive textbook about research methods and issues
Reliability: Trochim's overview of reliability
External Validity: William Trochim's discussion of external reliability
Educational Psychology Interactive: Internal and External Validity: document addressing key issues of external and internal validity
Field Methods (formerly Cultural Anthropology Methods Journal): online journal with articles on the practical application of research methods when conducting qualitative and quantitative research; reliability and validity are addressed throughout
Internal Validity Tutorial: interactive tutorial on internal validity
For questions or comments, contact _EMAIL_.
Updated May 2017 by ARP Research Committee


text:
Now, without doing anything else, change back to the HOME view and type X and press ENTER. The value which appears is the stored x coordinate of the last intersection point found. To find the y coordinate, evaluate F1(X) (or F2(X) - for that point the values are the same). This value can be used in calculations in the HOME view (such as 3*F1(X)+1 or LN(X)).
If you've found a Root or Extremum then you can do the same thing. If you've just used the FCN menu to find a Slope or Signed Area then you can also retrieve these but the method is a little more involved. Just use the A..Z button to type AREA or SLOPE and hit Enter.
Other values similar to these are stored in the Statistics aplet for you to use. Try this: go the APLET view, START the Statistics aplet, set it to 1VAR and enter a set of data into column C1. Make sure that SYMB is set with C1 ticked. Press the STATS button so that the univariate statistics are displayed. Now change back to the HOME view and press the VARS button. At the bottom of the screen you will see that is 'ticked' and that next to it is. Press and move the highlight down to 'Stat-One' and 'Stat-Two'. These contain the list of calculated stats variables. For example, if you move to the right into the 'Stat-One' menu you will find all the variables listed in the STATS info screen seen earlier. These can be transferred to the HOME view and used in calculations. Just highlight them and press OK. The name appears in the HOME view and pressing Enter retrieves the value.
Note that what you see when you press the
button depends on which aplet is active.
WARNING: The values stored are those of the last calculation done. If you have more than one column ticked in the SYMB view, resulting in multiple columns in the STATS display then the stored values will be for the last column only. If you wanted to calculate (for example) the mean plus 1.5 standard deviations for 3 different sets of data then you should use the VAR key to enter Mean+1.5*PSDev (Mean has a'sigma' symbol after it which I can't show on this web page) into the HOME view and evaluate it for the first set of data. Then go back to the Statistics aplet and calculate the STATS for the next set and repeat. (The values are not stored in the VARs until you press STATS.)
If you go to my Utilities page you'll find a software package you can download that lets you send and receive notes, programs and aplets from the calculator to the PC and back. Windows only, I'm afraid! Any view which has SEND and RECV buttons can send either to a computer or to another calculator. You need the cable that came with your calculator - if you've lost it then just go to any electronics shop and ask for a mini-USB cable. They cost about $10 - $20.
See my Help page for a series of instructional pages on what hardware you need, what software and how to install it, and then how to use it all and where to look for aplets. You'll also find pages on programming the calculator which include screen shots.
Just set up the aplet (whichever it is) exactly the way you want it, change into the APLET view and then, while it is highlighted, press SAVE. Give it a name and press ENTER.
The aplet can easily now be transferred to the students' calculators via the infra-red link. Once the class becomes used to this procedure it takes about 2 - 4 minutes for a class of 25 to 30. You send to one student, then the two of you send to two more, then the four of you send to... etc.
You can also save your aplet to a PC if you install the software (see my Utilities page). This means that you can re-use it next year!
Any of those values are now accessible in the HOME view by simply typing the appropriate letter. For example if you change to the HOME view and type T and hit ENTER, you will get the value I quoted above. If you type 3T+2, then you'll get 3 times the value of T plus 2. You can also use this in reverse. If you have done a calculation in the HOME view and you want to use it as the value of one of the variables in an equation in Solve, then just it into the appropriate memory and it will be pre-loaded when you enter the NUM view in Solve.
In the Solve aplet, enter the equation 2*SIN(X)+2=1 in to the SYMB view. Change to PLOT SETUP and set the XRng to 0 to 2pi (using the 3 key to enter pi) and the YRng to -3.1 to 3.2. Enter an XTICK value of pi/4. Now press PLOT. Move the cross-hair close to the first solution (at about X=3.6) and then press NUM. If you now press SOLVE, the calculator will find the nearest solution of 3.665...
Change to the MODES screen and set the NUMBER FORMAT to 'Fraction 6'. Now change to the HOME view and type in X/pi. The answer is 7/6, so the required value is 7pi over 6. Basically you are removing the pi from the answer and giving the calculator the chance to tell you what the associated fraction was.
Now press PLOT, move near the other solution, press NUM and SOLVE, change back to HOME and press ENTER (to repeat the last calculation). This time the solution is 11 pi on 6.
The same method can be used in the Function aplet to find the exact value of intersections. Simply retrieve the value of the last intersection in HOME by typing X in the HOME view and use the same method to isolate the fraction.
Warning! Don't forget to change out of Fraction mode when you finish! If you have put the calculator into Fraction mode then it is going to give you a fractional answer even if the value you gave it was never meant to be one! If you get a fraction like 113/457 then you might suspect that there is a problem. See "How does the Fraction mode work?"
Try this. Use MODES to change into 'Fraction 4' mode. Now go into HOME and type 0.33 and ENTER. You should find that it converts 0.33 into 33/100. Now try the same with 0.333333 This time you will find that it gives you 1/3. Why the difference?
The makers of the calculator have taken a very different approach. Once you select Fraction mode, all numbers become fractions - even decimals. If you are only going to be using fractions from that point on, then this will not cause a problem as long as you bear the following two points in mind….
For example, a setting in the MODES view of....
Basically, the value of 'n' in 'Fraction n' affects the degree of precision used in converting the decimal to a fraction. This can be useful if you understand what is happening. For example, a setting of Fraction 4 produces a strange (but actually fairly accurate) result for 0.667, while changing to a setting of Fraction 2 will give a result of 2/3. In other words, what makes this approach taken by the calculator useful is that it is often capable of producing results which may be strictly less accurate but are probably closer to what was intended by the 0.667 in the first place.
If you are wanting to use this facility to convert decimals to fractions, here are some tips…
Forgetting the current setting of Fraction can produce some unfortunate effects. For example, at Fraction 2, the value of 123.456 becomes 123, with the 0.456 dropped entirely!
This need for a correct setting of Fraction extends even to working purely with fractions. For example a setting of 'Fraction 4' will correctly result in 1/3 + 4/5 = 17/15. If you use a setting of only Fraction 2 to perform this, you will find to your amazement that 1/3 + 4/5 = 8/7! The reason is that the 1/3 and 4/5 were converted to decimals and added to give 1.133333…. This was converted back to a fraction (needing to match only to 2 sig. fig.) to give 8/7 (which is 1.1428..).
In conclusion, while it is not at all suggested that you dismiss the use of the Fraction format, it is important that you understand and remember its limitations. See an earlier question regarding using fraction mode for exact trig values.
This affects the POLYROOT function too. If you use POLYROOT to solve the quadratic equation of x^2+4x+5=0, which does not cross the x axis (try graphing it!) you will find that it gives the roots as complex numbers. They are NOT (x,y) points on the x, y axes! Don't use them - just write "No real solution".
ie.POLYROOT([1,4,5]) gives [(-2,1),(-2,-1)]
Another similar problem is with the inverse trig functions. Since sine and
cosine have ranges of -1 to 1, there should be no answer


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. Greek Mythology The goddess of the hearth, daughter of Cronus and Rhea.
- n. Greek mythology The virgin goddess of the hearth, fire, and the household, and therefore a deity of domestic life.
- n. (Greek mythology) the goddess of the hearth and its fire in ancient mythology; identified with Roman Vesta
- From the Greek ἑστία, meaning hearth, house, home, and family. (Wiktionary)
"While Hestia is attempting to return to Winterstrike, Essegui chases her sister who has escaped her confinement and is now on the run."
"Essegui Harn, cousin of Hestia, is the eldest daughter to a family, one with high ambitions and terrible secrets."
"What may we suppose him to have meant who gave the name Hestia?"
"The name Hestia embodies not the divinization of a concrete object, but the recognition of the divine person presiding over the object in question."
"In Rome, the day was dedicated to Vesta, also known as Hestia in Greece."
"[Greek name Hestia] The Roman and Greek goddess of the hearth and home."
"The so-called Hestia (Vesta) which formerly belonged to the"
"We must conclude, then, that every part and member of the earth carries its vestige of this principle of growth, an under-phase of that entire principle which belongs not to this or that member but to the earth as a whole: next in order is the nature [the soul-phase], concerned with sensation, this not interfused [like the vegetal principle] but in contact from above: then the higher soul and the Intellectual-Principle, constituting together the being known as Hestia [Earth-Mind] and Demeter [Earth-Soul] — a nomenclature indicating the human intuition of these truths, asserted in the attribution of a divine name and nature."
"He heard Sirius walking down the hall, then the clattering of the chain on the front door, and then a deep voice he recognised as Kingsley Shacklebolt's saying, 'Hestia's just relieved me, so she's got Moody's Cloak now, thought I'd leave a report for Dumbledore..."
"_ See also the article "Hestia" in Roscher's _Ausführliches Lexikon der Griechischen und Römischen Mythologie_."
Looking for tweets for Hestia.


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(CA also stands for conditional access, a term used in DTV.)
A certificate authority (CA) is an authority in a network that issues and manages security credentials and public keys for message encryption. As part of a public key infrastructure (PKI), a CA checks with a registration authority (RA) to verify information provided by the requestor of a digital certificate. If the RA verifies the requestor's information, the CA can then issue a certificate.
Depending on the public key infrastructure implementation, the certificate includes the owner's public key, the expiration date of the certificate, the owner's name, and other information about the public key owner.


text:
In Roman numerals, M equals 1,000, D equals 500, C equals 100, L equals 50, X equals 10, and I equals one.
When a larger number is followed by a smaller number, such as XI, the numbers are added. Thus, XI = 10 + 1 = 11.
When it is the opposite, such as IX, the smaller number is subtracted from the bigger number. So, IX = 10 - 1 = 9.
When using multiple numbers of the same value, no more than three of the same symbol should appear together. If four are needed, it should be that value subtracted from the next-largest value. Examples include XL = 40, IV = 4 and CD = 400.
For each value above one, placing a bar or vinculum above the number multiplies it by 1,000. For instance, an X with a vinculum is 10,000.


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'Waggling' Wings Could Save 20% in Fuel Consumption
Image credit: Jstockard
Aircraft 'Waggle Effect' Can Reduce Fuel Consumption 20%
Everybody knows that flying is an energy intensive activity. Unfortunately, many long awaited innovations in fuel-efficient aviation are of the more far-fetched variety - I'm thinking airships, blended wings etc. Yet it's long been noted that the addition of 'winglets' to aircraft wings can reduce fuel consumption - in fact, Southwest Airline's use of winglets even earned them a nomination from one of our readers for our Unexpected Green competition. But that's not the only simple improvement that could cut fuel use - now a team from the University of Warwick in the UK claims that 'waggling' air accross aircraft wings could cut skin friction drag by 40%, offering a 20% savings in fuel consumption and emissions. Read on for more details.
Green Car Congress brings us more details on this cutting-edge aviation research from the UK that could lead to significant airplane fuel efficiency improvements in the medium to short term:
Aircraft wings which redirect air to waggle sideways over their surfaces could significantly reduce drag and thus cut fuel consumption and emissions by 20%, according to researchers at the University of Warwick (UK). The new approach, which promises to dramatically reduce mid-flight drag, exploits Helmholtz resonance—the same phenomenon that happens when blowing over a bottle—to produce micro-scale jet flows in response to turbulent noise.
The main contributor to aerodynamic drag, and thus fuel consumption and emissions, is fine-scale turbulence that exists very near to the aircraft's surface during cruise. The Turbulence Flow Control group at the University of Warwick has been studying non-powered (passive) flow control actuators as a means of reducing drag for some time, with the goal of developing flow-control technologies capable of major drag reductions on passenger jet aircraft.
Warwick is focusing on passive actuators because if an actuator is to be used on an aircraft, it must save more energy (in reduced drag) than it requires for its operation. Unfortunately, the researchers at Warwick note, many powered devices that have been developed for the drag-reduction application are unlikely to satisfy this fundamental net-saving requirement.
In a project funded jointly by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and Airbus, Warwick and other universities are investigating the potential of using new types of passive devices for turbulent drag reduction. One of the ideas under investigation was the use of Helmholtz resonance.
Dr Duncan Lockerby, one of the researchers, said in a press release about the waggle wing research that they weren't entirely sure why the waggle effect was so pronounced, but "with the pressure of climate change we can't afford to wait around to find out. So we are pushing ahead with prototypes and have a separate three year project to look more carefully at the physics behind it. Here's hoping they can figure out a way to make it work in the real world!


1. PlanIQ
 2. Create a forecast model
 3. Understand advanced metrics
PlanIQ uses a set of advanced metrics to assess the quality of your forecast model.
Your feedback is important to us. To ensure you have a good content experience, we'd appreciate if you could tell us how you find the guidance on this page and if it addresses your questions.
To take part, complete the quick survey at the end of the article, and tell us how we can improve.
Understand what criteria each metric uses to decide whether the quality of a forecast model is high, medium, or low. The better the quality, the more the accurate the predictions.
The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is the sum of the individual absolute forecast errors, divided by the actual values for each period. It's an accuracy measure based on the relative percentage of errors. The closer the MAPE value is to zero, the better the predictions.
If the error is greater than the actual value, then the percentage of error can be more than 100%.
For example, if the actual value is 1 and we predicted 3, then that makes the forecast error a 2. The forecast error is greater than the actual value, so the MAPE result is greater than 100%.
As MAPE specifies the size of the error as a percentage rather than actual values, it can compare the forecast error between different data set sizes and different time scales.
The root-mean-square error (RMSE) is often used to measure the differences between the values that are predicted values made by the forecast model, and the actual values.
RMSE uses the squared value of the forecast errors. This helps you identify the impact of outliers. RMSE is a good metric to use for use cases where a few incorrect predictions can be very costly if you implemented them.
A forecast model with a lower RMSE value indicates more accurate predictions.
The mean absolute error (MAE) measures the average amount of the forecast errors in a set of predictions, without considering their direction.
Direction refers to whether the forecast over or under predicts.
MAE is the average absolute difference between X and Y. Mean absolute error is a scale-dependent metric.
MAE cannot be used to make comparisons between series that involve different units.
For example:
MAE cannot compare a SKU* that sold 100 units per month with another SKU that sold 1000 units per month.
You can use MAE as a relative measure to compare forecasts for the same series across different models. A lower MAE value represents a more accurate model.
*SKU is a stock keeping unit.
The mean arctangent absolute percentage error (MAAPE) is a measure of forecast accuracy that improves quality measurement of zero or close-to-zero actual values. You can use MAAPE to compare forecast performance between different data series.
Use MAAPE to evaluate intermittent demand forecasts. That is, forecasts for irregular levels of demand. MAAPE can be particularly useful when extremely large errors can occur because of mistaken or incorrect observations. A lower MAAPE value indicates a more accurate model.
The mean absolute scaled error (MASE) is a measure of the accuracy of your forecasts. It's the mean absolute error of the forecast values, divided by the mean absolute error of the naive forecast, where the naive forecast uses a previous value or an average of several previous points.
The mean absolute scaled error can be easily interpreted. Values greater than one indicate that in-sample one-step forecasts from the naïve method perform better than the forecast values of the specific model you're looking at.
MASE is a scale-free error metric. You can use it to compare forecast methods on a single series and also to compare forecast accuracy between series. This metric is well suited to intermittent-demand series.
MASE is a very good metric to use unless all of the historical observations are equal. If they're equal the observations display a straight line and the MASE result would be infinite or undefined.
The symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) is an accuracy measure based on percentage (or relative) errors.
Relative error is the absolute error divided by the magnitude of the exact value.
In contrast to the mean absolute percentage error, SMAPE has both a lower bound and an upper bound. Since it's percentage-based, it's scale-independent, which means that it can be used to compare forecast performances between datasets.
A limitation to SMAPE is that if the actual value or forecast value is 0, the value of error will approach 100%. The lower the SMAPE value of a forecast, the higher its accuracy.
Overall model quality metric: MASE
The overall model quality metric depends on whether the forecast consists of a single item or multiple items. MASE calculates the model quality for an item across the entire historical dataset and recent data. MASE is an optimal forecast quality metric.
MASE has:
 - Symmetry, where it penalizes positive and negative forecast errors equally.
 - Scale invariance.
 - The ability to handle intermittent data.
Forecast model quality
A forecast with multiple items is a high quality model if at least 60% of the items received a high quality MASE result.
If more than 50% of items resulted in a low quality MASE result, then the overall model is classified as low quality.
Any other results give a medium model quality.


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The article of Thinset For Shower Tile was uploaded on October 15, 2017 at 5:34 am. This article is uploaded on the Tile category. Thinset For Shower Tile is tagged with Thinset For Shower Tile, Thinset, For, Shower, Tile..
Forfor (fôr; unstressed fər),USA pronunciation prep.
- with the object or purpose of: to run for exercise.
- intended to belong to, or be used in connection with: equipment for the army; a closet for dishes.
- suiting the purposes or needs of: medicine for the aged.
- in order to obtain, gain, or acquire: a suit for alimony; to work for wages.
- (used to express a wish, as of something to be experienced or obtained): O, for a cold drink!
- sensitive or responsive to: an eye for beauty.
- desirous of: a longing for something; a taste for fancy clothes.
- in consideration or payment of;
in return for: three for a dollar; to be thanked for one's efforts.
- appropriate or adapted to: a subject for speculation; clothes for winter.
- with regard or respect to: pressed for time; too warm for April.
- during the continuance of: for a long time.
- in favor of;
on the side of: to be for honest government.
- in place of;
instead of: a substitute for butter.
- in the interest of;
on behalf of: to act for a client.
- in exchange for;
as an offset to: blow for blow; money for goods.
- in punishment of: payment for the crime.
- in honor of: to give a dinner for a person.
- with the purpose of reaching: to start for London.
- contributive to: for the advantage of everybody.
- in order to save: to flee for one's life.
- in order to become: to train recruits for soldiers.
- in assignment or attribution to: an appointment for the afternoon; That's for you to decide.
- such as to allow of or to require: too many for separate mention.
- such as results in: his reason for going.
- as affecting the interests or circumstances of: bad for one's health.
- in proportion or with reference to: He is tall for his age.
- in the character of;
as being: to know a thing for a fact.
- by reason of;
because of: to shout for joy; a city famed for its beauty.
- in spite of: He's a decent guy for all that.
- to the extent or amount of: to walk for a mile.
- (used to introduce a subject in an infinitive phrase): It's time for me to go.
- (used to indicate the number of successes out of a specified number of attempts): The batter was 2 for 4 in the game.
- for it, See in (def. 21).
- seeing that;
Showershow•er1 (shou′ər),USA pronunciation n.
- a brief fall of rain or, sometimes, of hail or snow.
- Also called show′er bath′. a bath in which water is sprayed on the body, usually from an overhead perforated nozzle(showerhead).
- the apparatus for this or the room or stall enclosing it.
- a large supply or quantity: a shower of wealth.
- a party given for a bestowal of presents of a specific kind, esp. such a party for a prospective bride or prospective mother: a linen shower; a baby shower.
- a fall of many objects, as tears, sparks, or missiles.
- See air shower.
- showers, a room or area equipped with several showerheads or stalls for use by a number of people at the same time.
- send to the showers, [Baseball.]
- to replace (a pitcher) during a game, usually because he or she is ineffective: The coach sent him to the showers after he walked three batters in a row.
- to cause (a pitcher) to be replaced in a game, as by getting many hits off him or her;
knock out of the box: Two home runs and a line-drive double sent her to the showers.
- to bestow liberally or lavishly.
- to deluge (a person) with gifts, favors, etc.: She was showered with gifts on her birthday.
- to bathe (oneself ) in a shower bath.
- to rain in a shower.
- to take a shower bath.
Tiletile (tīl),USA pronunciation n., v., tiled, til•ing.
- a thin slab or bent piece of baked clay, sometimes painted or glazed, used for various purposes, as to form one of the units of a roof covering, floor, or revetment.
- any of various similar slabs or pieces, as of linoleum, stone, rubber, or metal.
- tiles collectively.
- a pottery tube or pipe used for draining land.
- Also called hollow tile. any of various hollow or cellular units of burnt clay or other materials, as gypsum or cinder concrete, for building walls, partitions, floors, and roofs, or for fireproofing steelwork or the like.
- a stiff hat or high silk hat.
- to cover with or as with tiles.
The image of Thinset For Shower Tile have 9 images including Shower Wall Tile Thinset Basement Ceiling Leak Part 19 Wall Tile And Grout, Spread Thinset Along The Guidelines In A Small Work Area. Don't Cover Too Much. With The Notched Side Of The Trowel, Comb Over The Thinset In One Direction,., Burning Thinset Into The Substrate, Applying Thinset To The Wall When Tiling - Part 4, Thinset Combed Onto The Back Of The Tile, Thinset Burned Into The Back Of The Tile, After The Thinset Has Dried For 24 Hours, Remove The Spacers And Get Ready To Grout. Use A Grout Recommended By Your Tile Manufacturer., That Home Site! - GardenWeb, Starter Board Keeps Panels Level. Following are the attachments:
We would prefer to discuss some tips about timber flooring shades, before discussing Thinset For Shower Tile. Black and dark colors are a preferred selection for painters' companies, modern rooms and fashionable. Polluted classic brown shade or organic wood which can be great in case you prefer a classic look. Color range and vibrant (numerous shades-of crimson: pine and ash Jatoba or stained in the same coloring) that is ideal for commercial rooms, workplaces and other huge spots where the floor becomes a fundamental part of the design.
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Red wood shades and hot gold is likely to make your bedroom cozy. Gray flooring and bright could make your space ample. Opt for natural tinted wood flooring in matt finish when the capability to disguise scratches and a little dent are a must. Understand that the hues must match eachother and distinction. The ground can't have equivalent shades as furniture and surfaces.


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Agricultural Growth Programme (AGP) Survey and Establishing a Baseline Data for Impact Evaluation.
The project was a 5-year programme that was started in 2010/11 and implemented in 83 selected woredas of the Amhara, Oromiya, SNNPR and Tigray regions.
Client: Ministry of Agriculture
Objective of the study: The essential components of the AGP intervention are: expansion and strengthening of irrigation agriculture, increasing crop and livestock productivity, enhancing processing and marketing (commercialization) of high-value agricultural commodities. The overall objective of the study was to produce baseline data on these intervention components on the basis of impact result indicators in order to be able to monitor and evaluate the overall implementation and the immediate and ultimate impacts of the Agricultural Growth Programme.
Methodology Used : The baseline study was designed in such a way so as to enable the assessment of the impacts of AGP on the target variables of agricultural growth, productivity, commercialization, input use and institutional services. This was done by comparing the changes in the target variables with those of the baseline status of the AGP in intervention woredas, and by comparing the changes in the target variables withthose of the quasi-control (non-intervention) woredas. The baseline data was collected through a household survey by employing a structured questionnaire and through key informant interviews.
Concluding Remarks The Agricultural Growth Programme was launched with the aim of realizing the following outcomes:
1) Increasing agricultural productivity of major crops and livestock,
2) Increasing market access for key and high value agricultural commodities,
3) Establishing and/or capacitating farmers' organizations,
4) Strengthening key advisory services for enhanced productivity and value addition,
5) Scaling up best practices,
6) Increasing market orientation and specialization in selected key value chains,
7) Realizing and managing demand-driven infrastructure investment for improved agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner,
8)Realizing and managing demand-driven infrastructure investments for improved access to markets in a sustainable manner.
Two problems have been observed when considering the above outcomes while conducting the AGP Baseline Survey. Firstly, many of the outcomes given were not adequately SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound). Secondly, the indicators given for each outcome were vague, less specific and difficult to measure. Besides, the assumption that some of the indicators of the outcomes could be collected through rapid interviews of woreda officials/managers was tested to be wrong, due to the absence of well documented records of quantitative data/measures on agricultural activities and interventions and projects in each woreda. The main point made by the survey was that outcomes and their indicators must be stated clearly, specifically, measurably, relevantly and attainably so that data on them could be collected using a structured questionnaire.


Question: How Do You Use Entwined In A Sentence?
How do you use intertwined fate Genshin impact?
Intertwined Fate is basically a gacha currency that you use to pull for characters and weapons at available banners.
You can opt to do it per Intertwined Fate or do all 10 pulls at once..
Is it entwined or intertwined?
You may use either word in your examples without changing the meaning. "Entwine" is more often used with two things twisted together or with one thing enclosing another. "Intertwine" is more often used with more than two things twisted together. But both words mean twisted together.
What does tangy mean?
: having a sharp taste or smell tangy juice.
What is inextricably intertwined?
Inextricably is an adverb that means in a manner that is impossible to unravel or separate from something else. It usually modifies words like "linked" and "tied." To most Americans, Thanksgiving and turkey are inextricably linked.
What does intertwined relationship mean?
1. reciprocal verb. If two or more things are intertwined or intertwine, they are closely connected with each other in many ways.
What does intertwined mean in English?
What things are intertwined?
Things that intertwine are twisted or mixed together. You have to intertwine yarn to make a scarf. When things intertwine, they're all mixed up together — it's hard to separate them. To make any type of clothing, threads have to be intertwined.
How do you use intertwined in a sentence?
Intertwined sentence examplesPhoronis is often gregarious, the tubes which it secretes being sometimes intertwined in an inextricable mass. … Your path is intertwined with Darian's, so you'll be there when he needs to know this.More items…
How do you use hitherto in a sentence?
Hitherto in a Sentence 🔉Hitherto Jim got married and became a devoted spouse, his greatest pleasure had been picking up women. … Before John learned to fly an airplane, he had hitherto been afraid of heights. … Hitherto Carmelo was thought a suspect in his wife's murder and forbidden to leave town.More items…
How do you use exactly?
exactlyadverb. You use exactly before an amount, number, or position to emphasize that it is no more, no less, or no different from what you are stating. … adverb. If you say 'Exactly', you are agreeing with someone or emphasizing the truth of what they say. … adverb [not ADV, usu ADV group] … adverb.
What is the meaning of entwined?
transitive verb. : to twine together or around. intransitive verb. : to become twisted or twined.
What is the exactly?
—used to stress that something is accurate, complete, or correct. : in a correct or precise way : in a way that agrees completely with what is needed. : in every way. See the full definition for exactly in the English Language Learners Dictionary. More from Merriam-Webster on exactly.
What's another word for intertwined?
In this page you can discover 13 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for intertwined, like: looped, laced, interlaced, entwined, twined, twisted, linked, knitted, interwoven, crisscrossed and braided.
How do you use exactly in a sentence?
Exactly sentence examplesThey weren't exactly best of friends. … He knew exactly where to look. … She quickly replaced the envelope with shaking hands, making sure it was in exactly the same position as she found it. … What exactly do you all do there? … He knew exactly what he wanted and I told him we would buy it for him.More items…
What exactly or exactly?
Exactly is an adverb; it modifies a verb. Your first example, "What exactly is…" would be the correct form. The second is more informal; "Exactly what is…" has moved "exactly" away from the verb it is modifying.


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The People's Mojahedin: exiled Iranian opposition
3 min
Paris (AFP)
The People's Mojahedin (PMOI) is an Iranian opposition movement in exile that has been battling the Tehran government since the 1960s.
On Tuesday Iranian President Hassan Rouhani asked France to demand action against a group he accused of fomenting protests which rocked the country in recent days.
He was apparently referring to the PMOI, also known as the Mojahedin-e-Khalq, which for years was designated a "terrorist" group by the West.
- Emergence in Iran -
The PMOI was founded in 1965 after a split within the nationalist Liberation Movement of Iran (LMI), led by Mehdi Bazargan, who became the first prime minister after the Iranian revolution.
It was founded to fight Iran's royalist regime and most of its founding members died in the prisons of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
With Marxist leanings and describing itself as belonging to "democratic and secular Islam," the group has subsequently sought to overthrow the country's current Islamic republic.
After a brief period as a legal organisation with the Islamic revolution of 1979, the group was outlawed by Iran in 1981 after a severe crackdown on one of its demonstrations, which it says was peaceful.
In June of that year, a bomb attack in Iran which killed 74 people including Ayatollah Beheshti, the regime's number two, was blamed on the Mojahedin by the authorities. The group never claimed the attack, while it had claimed others.
- Driven into exile -
The Mojahedin took on the regime, which responded with repression, with thousands of its members being killed. Those who survived were chased from Iran.
They found refuge throughout the world, particularly in France, where leader Massoud Rajavi created the National Council of Resistance of Iran.
He was expelled from France in 1986 under a policy of rapprochement with Iran.
The Mojahedin then set up in Iraq at the height of the war with Iran, fighting alongside Saddam Hussein's troops, which led to them being declared "traitors" by Tehran.
The Council in France has been led since 1989 by Rajavi's wife Maryam Rajavi.
The organisation has often been compared by detractors to a sect, with the leading couple its gurus. Maryam Rajavi was officially named the Council's leader in 1993.
Its fighters claimed several operations in Iran, including against oil installations in 1993, and they were blamed for dozens of murders.
- Driven from Iraq -
In Iraq, after Saddam was toppled in 2003 the Mojahedin were officially disarmed and regrouped in the Ashraf camp to the northeast of Baghdad.
It became the PMOI's biggest base in exile housing up to 3,500 people.
In February 2012 they accepted to leave the camp to settle near to Baghdad before leaving Iraq for Albania at the request of the US and UN in May 2013.
In 2003 Maryam Rajavi was among 160 people arrested and then freed in France after two weeks of protests by her supporters, marked by two people setting themselves on fire.
A vast judicial probe into suspected terrorist activities was ended without charges in September 2014.
The European Union in January 2009 struck the Mojahedin from its list of terrorist organisations, where it had been since May 2002. The United States did the same in September 2012.
It is unclear how much support the group continues to have inside Iran.
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Verna Westlake
Successful engagement to the government was a simple meeting checked box. Successful engagement takes investment in time in building and establishing a trusting relationship. As in any relationship, you start by spending time together at a grassroots, basic ground level foundation. Early and often. Live amongst each other, learn and understand the great and not so great things about each other. All involved be open and honest about what the needs, the wants and the desired outcomes, the bottom lines are. Work hard together to achieve that. Have local Indigenous peoples within the entity to understand that worldview and articulate that to the Indigenous groups and vice versa. Ongoing dialogue and immersing into each others culture and ways of being. At the very least, throw the agenda out and attempt to understand the nature of each other.


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More Details About Larks
Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. All species occur in the Old World, including northern and eastern Australia; only one, the Shore Lark, has spread to North America, where it is called the Horned Lark. Habitats vary widely, but many species live in dry regions.
A group of larks is called an exaltation.
A group of eagles is called a convocation
A group of unicorns is called a blessing.
A group of frogs is called an army.
A group of rhinos is called a crash.
A group of kangaroos is called a mob.
A group of whales is called a pod.
A group of geese is called a gaggle.
A group of ravens is called a murder.
A group of officers is called a mess.
Other definitions of Lark
ark – meadowlark: North American songbirds having a yellow breast
lark – pipit: a songbird that lives mainly on the ground in open country; has streaky brown plumage
lark – any of numerous predominantly Old World birds noted for their singing
Hope It is useful for you.


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Depicting snow in woodcuts
White inks were not usually employed in printing Japanese woodcuts, so snow was commonly depicted by leaving areas of the paper blank. Snowflakes were usually created by carving nicks out of the surface of the colour blocks, so that flecks of paper appear like flakes of snow.
Here nicks have been carved out of the blocks used to print the man's hair so that it appears as though snowflakes are falling in front of him.
Exceptionally, in special luxury editions or private commissions, white pigment was flicked onto the surface of the paper to create extra snowflakes after the colours had been printed.
The white pigment is whiter than the colour of the paper, so the snowflakes stand out against the snow. This pigment was traditionally made from seashells and known as gofun (calcium carbonate), but lead based whites were also used, as in this example.
The flicked pigment cannot be precisely controlled, so the effect is random in each impression, but in this example the pigment was brushed through holes in a stencil, rather than being flicked, so the snowflakes appear in exactly the same place in each example of the print (some of the snowflakes have darkened over time).
Another way of depicting snow was to emboss the surface of the thick paper using a carved block without any ink. Here this technique has been used to create ridges in the snow behind the women. The ridges are modelled purely by the light falling on the surface of the print.


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One of the most frequent questions I'm asked at Maker Faire is what the difference between Arduino and Netduino is. If you think it's that the Netduino is just an Arduino that has something to do with the internet, you'd be incorrect! While the Netduino is an open source microcontroller that looks like a black and blue Arduino, the key difference is that it's programmed using the Visual C#.NET programming language developed by Microsoft. This makes it perfect for people that are already familiar with.NET and don't want the hassle of learning another variation of code.
Thanks to the Maker Shed's Getting Started with Netduino Kit, learning to use this ARM based microcontroller is easy! This full featured package includes the Getting Started with Netduino book by Chris Walker, the creator of the Netduino platform. By following along in the book and using the included components you'll learn how to:
- Install the free Visual C# Express.NET Micro Framework and Netduino SDK.
- Turn an LED on and off.
- Increase the capabilities of the Netduino using shields.
- Interact with digital and analog signals using the MakerShield.
- Dim and brighten LEDs using pulse width modulation and control RGB LEDs.
- Use electrical pulses to play a song and control servos.
- Create an app to control your Netduino over the internet.
So if you have ever been curious about the Netduino but don't know where to begin, this is the kit for you!


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Routine Weather Events can Be Costly
As temperatures go down heating bills tend to go up. And now one Colorado research facility has put a number on just how much strain changes in the weather put on the economy.
Researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder used data from the last 70 years to evaluate the "weather sensitivity" of the nation's economy. They say the costs of common weather occurrences, like rainy days or cooler than average temperatures, adds up to nearly $500 billion annually.
Jeffery Lazo is an NCAR economist. He says Colorado's economy is one of the more sensitive where states are concerned.
"We have some industries that are weather sensitive such as agriculture, the tourism industry and we do have a lot of variability across the state from the western slope and the Front Range."
Lazo says they are planning to refine their national estimate. Right now it doesn't include the costs of severe weather events, like this year's devastating tornados in the south or recent flooding seen in mid and northwestern states.


Be a hero
A growing public health concern
Traffic injuries cause 1.25 million deaths annually, and 50 million injuries worldwide. This is an immense amount of human suffering, and most of this true horror can be avoided with improved traffic safety. In fact, the leading cause of death for young people ages 15 – 29 is traffic injuries! Right now, on your streets and roads, drivers are at risk for their lives because of the dangerous roadside equipment lining the edges of your roads.
Thankfully, you can now prevent much of this unbearable pain, relieving the burden of personal grief, hospital resources, lost economic potential in your community, and the terrible impact of death and injury that last a lifetime for surviving spouses and children.
Yes, people should be more mindful when driving, slow down when directed, not text and drink, be better drivers, but people are only people. Education and creating awareness is most important but so is also proper road design. This is why road managers must take action and reduce the daily risk by replacing rigid poles with passive safe poles that absorb the shock of impact and prevent drivers and their passengers from serious harm. You can be a hero to the families in your community by making the right design, making the right choices.
Reducing speed is not enough
As a traffic safety expert, you know that people do not always obey signage. Most people travel in excess of the posted speed because they are in a hurry, or are not paying attention like they should. Drivers risk an accident or fatality by traveling too fast…or an animal suddenly crosses the road, or the car in front makes an unexpected move…
This is why poles or obstacles close to the road should not increase the hazard of driving. Driving into a rigid pole at 50 km/h can be a deadly accident, even in a car with safety features like airbags. Driving at 50 km/h and instantly slowing to 0 km/h is shocking to the human body as the G-forces are absorbed by the organs, leading to internal injuries that cause hospitalization or death.
With ZIPpoles, the energy of the crash is absorbed by the pole, not by the human body, saving the driver and passengers from damage or death. ZIPpoles are high energy absorbing poles that slow the car in a controlled manner, preventing the shock of human tragedy. This is why it's so important to gradually begin replacing your rigid poles.
A good investment that grows gradually
Making a good investment for your community's health and safety is always a good decision, but resources are often limited. Even so, you can make the changes gradually by replacing rigid poles in the most critical traffic locations.
As a road safety supervisor, you have to set budget priorities. Using your data, identify the areas with the highest accidents and replace those rigid poles first.
Drivers might be at fault, but you can protect them from unnecessary injuries and damage. Less fatalities and injuries on your roads are proof you are doing a great job, and this will serve you well in your career and annual job performance.
Make plans now by identifying the priority areas on your roads, and invest in your community by setting dedicated funding for the gradual replacement of rigid light poles with ZIPpoles that limit death and injury. As those statistics decline, your community's investment in you grows brighter.
Strong, resilient, and environmentally friendly
The high-strength steel in ZIPpoles provide the durability you need for long life while also delivering the flexibility to absorb the shock of impact, greatly reducing serious injury and death. ZIPpoles yield to a vehicle's impact and reduce momentum in a controlled manner. Crashing into a tree can be fatal, even at low speeds, but striking a crash-friendly ZIPpole reduces the risk of injury and death after a collision.
An added benefit is that ZIPpoles' steel column resists corrosion and significantly reduces zinc runoff making ZIPpoles an environmentally responsible choice, a big Green plus with today's political and social awareness. ZIPpoles are CE approved according to EN40, EN12899, and EN12767.
You can start saving lives today by making a strategic decision to build ZIPpoles into your budget. Your community will thank you for taking such excellent care of them.
Step by step is the best approach
Your community is trusting you to make the best decisions for their safety. They understand that resources are limited and, like you, must also make the best decisions with the resources they have. This is a perfect time to show your community you have their best interests in mind by beginning to replace rigid poles with strong, resilient ZIPpoles that extend the braking distance by absorbing and controlling the impact, making human injury less severe and death less likely.
While we cannot prevent accidents from happening, replacing obstacles along the roadside edge that can injure and kill people is a priority. No one expects you to change all the light poles at once, but doing so step-by-step and pole-by-pole is a significant improvement that's a major credit to you.
While passive safe poles are more expensive, the cost of human life and injury is even more expensive. By choosing energy absorbing poles, you are improving your service to the public… which is what your community expects. Imagine their appreciation and respect because you acted in their best interests.


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Fr.: modèle CAK
The standard model of → radiation-driven winds in which the acceleration of → stellar wind is provided by the → absorption and → scattering of ultraviolet photons in ions of abundant elements (→ CNO, → iron peak) in the → Lyman continuum. The model was developed by Castor et al. (1975), who assumed that the forces due to the radiative lines and the pressure gradients are functions of local velocity gradient, and used a large number (~ 105) of lines which have a statistical distribution in line strengths. The model led to predictions of → mass loss rates (M_dot) and terminal velocities as a function of stellar properties and the line statistics parameters. With the modifications by Friend and Abbott (1986), Pauldrach et al. (1986), and Kudritzki et al. (1989), CAK multi-line theory gives good agreement with observationally derived values of mass loss rate and → terminal velocity (v∞). CAK wind solutions predict the terminal velocity to be proportional to the → escape velocity and the mass loss rate to depend strongly on the stellar → luminosity. Observations over the past decades have shown that these main wind parameters, M_dot and v∞, indeed behave as predicted by CAK. This basic agreement between observations and theory provides strong evidence that the winds from → massive stars are driven by → radiation pressure and this has favored the CAK formalism. See also → multiple scattering. See the review by J. Puls et al. 2008, Astron. Astrophys. Rev. 16, 209.
CAK, the initials of the researchers who developed the model: J.I. Castor, D.C. Abbott, and R.I. Klein(1975, Radiation-driven winds in Of stars, ApJ 195, 157); → model.


Programming HelP!! - Programmers Heaven
Howdy, Stranger!
Programming HelP!!
My teacher misplaced one of my homework assignments, and instead
of being a nice guy and accepting another copy of it, he gives me another more
difficult assignment due Friday. So, any help would be greatly appreciated.
Okay, I'm using MASM 6.11 for Dos on my IBM pc. I'm not using any extended
register (i.e. eax,ebx,etc...) this is just an intro class. This is the program:
"Write a program which examines a given text and outputs a list of all the
distinct words, and output the words in alphabetical order to the screen. Sample
run: 'The swift dog jumped over the lazy fox'
note that "the" only appears once in the output even though it appears twice in
the sentence. Once again, any help or code will make me greatly in debted to
Thank You,
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Wednesday, July 17, 2013
William Blake Cottage on the Market
A cottage where English poet and painter William Blake once lived recently came on the market for the first time since 1928.
The cottage in Felpham, West Sussex, is currently listed for £650,000 -- which is close to $1,000,000 US -- and is described as "A most picturesque 17th Century brick and flint period cottage set in a sheltered walled garden in the heart of the old village within 250 yards of the foreshore." However, MobyLives suggests some copy possibilities if Blake were, himself, writing copy for the Felpham cottage:
NEW LISTING, ABSOLUTELY OUT OF THIS WORLD: Away to sweet Felpham for heaven is there: / The Ladder of Angels descends through the air / On the turrett its spiral does softly descend / Through the village it winds, at my cot it does end.
You can see more cottage sales copy as would possibly be submitted by Blake here.
According to Wikipedia, Blake moved into the cottage in 1800 "to take up a job illustrating the works of William Hayley, a minor poet. It was in this cottage that Blake began Milton: a Poem (the title page is dated 1804 but Blake continued to work on it until 1808). The preface to this work includes a poem beginning "And did those feet in ancient time", which became the words for the anthem, "Jerusalem". Over time, Blake began to resent his new patron, believing that Hayley was uninterested in true artistry, and preoccupied with "the meer drudgery of business".


Deer Sport Puffy Coats To Keep Them Warm in Winter
We see deer all winter long. How are they not freezing when the temperatures dip down, down, down? White-tailed deer are adapted to deal with everything Illinois' weather throws at them.
Deer have fur coats designed to keep them warm in winter. (Photo via Shutterstock)
In the winter, they insulate themselves, just like your house is insulated. To do this, they start growing thicker fur in the fall. They actually have two types of fur: a softer, downy fur that sits next to their skin and keeps them warm and longer guard hairs. These guard hairs are hollow, just like a straw. Why? Because air gets trapped inside each hair as well as all around the guard hairs. That air gets warmed up by the deer's body heat and is trapped all around the deer. Imagine it like a warm blanket. In fact, think about how you warm up at home under the blankets. One blanket is good, but two is better. It's not just because of the extra weight. It's because you are capturing air between the blankets and warming that air up with your body heat.
Deer are not the only animals trying to keep themselves warm in a blanket of air. Keep an eye out for birds that are fluffing up their feathers to trap in warm air. And otters don't just rely on their blubber; they also trap a layer of air in their fur to keep them cozy. Beavers do the same thing. You would think that with all the cold water they would freeze, but beavers stay comfortable by trapping warm pockets of air in the fur next to their skin. This is how they can dive underwater all year long. Further away from Will County, polar bears also use the hollow fur strategy.
We are learning from these brilliant animal adaptations. Have you noticed all the puffy coats people wear in winter? Smoosh a puffy coat between your hands. See how it deflates? Yep, we're using air pockets in our puffy coats! Scientists are even working on wet suits that mimic semiaquatic diving animals like beavers and otters. They are trying to lock in air next to the suit as divers go underwater. Basically, furry wet suits are in our future!
The real killer in winter is not so much the cold; it is the damp. Animals like deer need to make sure to keep dry. They do this with oil that coats their skin. And just like their air insulation, deer are not the only animals who do this. Birds, otters, beavers and more also rely on oils to seal out the moisture.
Again, we can learn from these animals. When you are outside running around it is important to make sure you are dry. You are more likely to get hypothermia from being wet than cold. This is why you should wear layers. That way, you can pull off your outer layers when you get warm from moving around. You do not want to sweat, get damp and then catch a chill. Don't forget sweat-wicking fabrics to help you stay warm and dry.
Deer and other animals are masters of surviving winter. By learning from them and using their methods, we, too, can enjoy all that cold weather has to offer!


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[Jason Wright] and [Jeremy Blum] are showing off the project they developed for their Designing with Microcontrollers course at Cornell University. They call it the Heliowatcher, and if you know your Greek mythology we'd be you figured out this watches the movement of the sun and adjust a solar panel to follow it.
Their design is simple and effective. The base is mounted like a Lazy Susan, able to pivot on the horizontal plane. The bottom edge of the solar panel is mounted with two door hinges, with a motorized screw jack used to raise and lower it. The system uses a GPS to provide geographical position, day, and time feedback. This is used in conjunction with an array of four LEDs to determine the best position of the panel. Those LEDs are acting as light sensors; when the top and the bottom detect similar levels, the panel is at its most efficient orientation. The left and right LED sensors work the same way.
Now if we can just work out a self-cleaning system to keep the panels free of the dirty film that builds up over time we'd be set!


What to do when you find a banded bird:
Sometimes, when you're out in the field and looking closely at birds, you may get lucky and find a bird that has a band on it's leg. You are suddenly presented with a wonderful opportunity to contribute to scientific research! But how do you do that exactly?
If you see a band on a small passerine, it's highly unlikely that you'll be able to read the numbers stamped on the bird correctly and accurately. But if the bird is larger, a goose, or a gull perhaps, you have a shot at getting the letters and numbers imprinted on the band. If the bird has died, and you can retrieve the band, you most likely will be able to record the number precisely.
If you are able to get a photo of the bird, that can be of great use. Sometimes it's easier to get a read on a sharp photo of the bird, but as the number on the band will wrap all the way around the leg of the bird, try to get shots from several different angles. That will increase the chance that you'll be able to get a read of the complete band number. Also, the photos will help researchers gather more data about the bird if they can get a good look at the images.
Once you have the band number recorded, you can report this information to the US Geological Survey's (USGS) Bird Banding Laboratory in Maryland. Here's a link to report a banded bird online:
The researcher who banded the bird will get notification, and you can receive a certificate of appreciation that will tell you where the bird was banded and the age of the bird at the time the band was placed. Your contribution of this vital information will contribute greatly to our understanding of avian movement and aging.
Important data you should collect include:
 - The band number with all digits. (This is the most vital!)
 - The location you found the band, date and time.
 - The location, as exactly as you can.
 - The species of the bird
 - The condition of the bird
 - Any other details you can observe about the bird and it's activities
 - Photos from several angles, if possible!


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Australasian Plant Conservation
Originally published in Australasian Plant Conservation 21(1) June - August 2012, p 18-20
Ex-situ conservation of the rare Tall Yellow-top Daisy (Senecio pilosicristus)
Michael Thorpe, Dan Duval and Phillip Ainsley
SA Seed Conservation Centre, Adelaide Botanic Gardens, SA. Email: _EMAIL_
Tall Yellow-top (Senecio pilosicristus) habitat in Billiat Conservation Park. This population was located in a mallee woodland fire scar growing with other specific fire responsive species. Photo: SA Seed Conservation Centre.
Tall Yellow-top (Senecio pilosicristus) plant observed in 2010. Photo: SA Seed Conservation Centre.
Tall Yellow-top (Senecio pilosicristus) flower.
Photo: SA Seed Conservation Centre.
In South Australia, the Tall Yellow-top (Senecio pilosicristus) is a rare daisy which was historically collected in the Karoonda to Lameroo area in the Murraylands region of the state. The majority of herbarium collections for c were from the 1910s to the 1960s. Apart from a single herbarium collection from an unknown locality in 1984 there have been no further herbarium collections in SA. This species also occurs in western Victoria where it is considered very rare and it is currently listed as vulnerable in Victoria. There is little is known about the biology and habitat of the Tall Yellow-top.
The South Australian Seed Conservation Centre (SASCC), based at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, is dedicated to the conservation of the state's threatened native plants. More specifically this includes locating plants and recording habitat details, collecting and banking seeds, research to determine germination requirements and the propagation of plants to assist with restoration programs. Staff at the SASCC identified the Tall Yellow-top as a priority species to locate and collect seeds. The historic location information and lack of recent records suggested that this species may occur on the more fertile loams that have since been cleared for cropping. Although there were no notes with herbarium vouchers to suggest that the Tall Yellow-top was collected post fire, it was suspected that the lack of records may indicate this species might only be detectable after environmental disturbance events such as bushfire.
In recent years, staff from the SASCC have searched some of the historical South Australian localities for the Tall Yellow-top without success. The majority of the land where historic records were made has been substantially cleared for agricultural use and the fragmented remnant vegetation is highly impacted by numerous introduced plants and animals.
However in September 2010, a chance find of a post burn site in Billiat Conservation Park (CP) during field searches yielded success. A small population of the Tall Yellow-top was located in a mallee woodland fire scar growing in a low open swale on pale red sandy loams in regenerating mallee with other specific fire responsive species such as Small-leaf Ray Flower (Cyphanthera myosotidea), False Buckbush (Gyrostemon australasicus), Azure Daisy-bush (Olearia rudis), Branched Everlasting (Coronidium adenophorum), Oondooroo (Solanum simile), Cup Velleia (Velleia connata), Twiggy Lignum (Muehlenbeckia diclina) and Williamson's Riceflower (Pimelea williamsonii). This localised population contained at least a few hundred individuals. Apart from a sub-population of approximately fifty plants that was identified another 800 m north of the original population, no further populations have been recorded during follow up searches within a radius of 7 km. Photos of the characteristics of the plant such as flower, leaves and habit were taken along with pressed plant specimens in order to build knowledge about this daisy.
Regional staff working for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) based in the area were made aware of this population and asked to monitor other post-fire mallee in the region for this species. A follow up visit to the population twelve months later (spring 2011) revealed a small number of plants resprouting. However these plants produced much less vigorous growth than observed during the previous spring immediately post fire. This observation suggests that although plants can persist for a second year post-fire, this species is quite short‑lived.
Observations of the plant characteristics
The Tall Yellow-top is an erect, fleshy, glaucous, short-lived herb to approximately 70 cm tall. It has sessile, stem clasping, tapered-lanceolate cauline leaves on reddish purple stems with a basal rosette of lobed spathulate leaves. Flowers are a yellow daisy up to 50 mm in diameter with up to ten ray petals. The seeds are a brown achene with longitudinal ridges of white hairs and white pappus.
Tall Yellow-top (Senecio pilosicristus) seed.
Photo: SA Seed Conservation Centre.
Germination results from testing Tall Yellow-top
(Senecio pilosicristus) seeds.
Key: GA3 = gibberellic acid; KNO3 = potassium nitrate treatment
The SASCC collected and banked more than eight thousand seeds for this rare daisy in 2010 and has undertaken research to determine its germination requirements. Germination screening was undertaken for this species in both winter and spring diurnal conditions using gibberellic acid, potassium nitrate and untreated controls. Gibberellic acid is a naturally occurring plant growth hormone which can alleviate seed dormancy in some species. Potassium nitrate was used because the availability of free nitrogen post fire as nitrates in the soil can act as a 'gap detection' signal and provide a cue for seed germination. No germination was recorded for the untreated controls or the seeds which received potassium nitrate treatment in either winter or spring conditions. Whilst only a single germinant resulted from gibberellic acid treatment in spring conditions, a germination rate of 42% was achieved with gibberellic acid in winter conditions. These results suggest the Tall Yellow-top specifically prefers winter conditions for germination. Further research is required to ascertain the germination response to environmental cues such as heat and smoke chemicals.
Staff at the SASCC anticipate that more populations of the Tall Yellow-top will be observed in post fire mallee in the region. The DENR regional ecologist working in the Murray region has identified and mapped further areas of mallee for prescribed burning which may be potential habitat for the Tall Yellow-top. Regional staff and the SASCC will perform further searches in spring 2012 upon completion of prescribed burns for Billiat CP scheduled for autumn 2012. In addition to the Tall Yellow-top, this will be an opportunity for regional and SASCC staff to monitor for other fire responsive species such as the nationally vulnerable Yellow Swainson-pea (Swainsona pyrophila) and Showy Lawrencia (Lawrencia berthae) which is listed as rare in South Australia and vulnerable in Victoria.
Field observations of the Tall Yellow-top and the collation of valuable information about the biology and habitat of this daisy have been shared with interested parties, including the DENR regional ecologist. This will increase the chances of finding additional populations. Future germination experiments utilising fire related treatments such as heat and smoke may provide an opportunity to understand environmental germination cues and techniques for growing plants for regional restoration projects.
We would like to acknowledge the support of the Native Vegetation Council which has enabled the SASCC to perform project work in the Murray region. We would also like to acknowledge the assistance of Thai Te, Jenny Guerin, Ellen Ryan-Colton and Denzel Murfet during field searches and laboratory work.


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Implementing a Command
The Command object is responsible for formulating a request and passing it on to the data source. If results are returned, the Command object is responsible for returning results as a DataReader, a scalar value, or as parameters.
To implement a Command object, create a class that implements IDbCommand. Implement the ExecuteReader method to return a resultset (or multiple resultsets) as a DataReader, the ExecuteScalar method to return a result as a scalar value, and the ExecuteNonQuery method to process a command at the data source that does not return a resultset but may return parameters.
The following topics contain sample code for an implementation of a Command object.
For a sample Visual Basic implementation:
For a sample C# implementation: