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Family Matters: The Money Squeeze
Tue May 29, 2012
Listening To Parents Key To Financial Responsibility
Originally published on Tue May 29, 2012 3:34 am
As an increasing number of Americans live into their 80s and 90s, many families are struggling to find ways to make retirement dollars — that were once supposed to support seniors for years — now stretch over decades.
More and more, families have to care for the very elderly, as well as look after children who might be college grads but haven't found a job in a difficult economy.
All this requires one very important thing: lots of money.
Psychologists and other researchers have spent decades studying why some people are better than others at saving money, so they can address such needs later in life.
In the early 1970s, researchers conducted a marshmallow experiment, where they had young children sit before a table. The researchers placed a marshmallow on the table and told each child that she could eat it — but that if she waited 15 minutes, she could have two marshmallows.
Over the years that followed, researchers found that children who were able to hold off eating the marshmallow — who delayed gratification — did better at school. Other researchers identified brain differences between people who were impulsive and those who had more self-control.
Much of the research into self-control has been focused on documenting which people have it and why. But new research is trying to find whether there are ways to boost self-control among young people, especially when it comes to financial matters and making responsible long-term decisions, such as saving for retirement or nursing care late in life.
While brain biology plays a strong role in shaping temperament, some new studies have found that social factors make a difference in whether people become spenders or savers. Chief among them: the role of parents.
"We found that parents played a really big role in the kinds of behaviors that their children exhibited," said Joyce Serido, a researcher at the University of Arizona, Tucson. "So, those kids who said they spoke with their parents about financial matters actually performed more responsible financial behaviors."
Serido said that she and her colleagues interviewed large numbers of freshmen entering the university and documented different aspects of their family lives. Young people who reported their families had included them in conversations about money and budgets — who, for example, roped children into discussions about what kind of car the family could afford — were much more likely to make more responsible financial decisions as it came time for them to graduate from college.
Many of these students, Serido said, were using a budget, making tough choices between different wants, and saving money. She said the difference was not explained by socio-economic differences — children from well-to-do families did not save more than children from poorer families. Rather, she said, patterns of family dynamics tended to predict which kids developed strong saving habits.
Besides talking with kids about money, Serido said she would advise parents to communicate their expectations to their children — to say they expected a young person would save some portion of their allowance, for example.
So why do such conversations happen rarely when they are so important? Serido said it may be as difficult to talk to kids about bills and bonds as it often is to talk about the birds and the bees.
"The first couple of times you talk with your child about money or savings, or you talk with a parent about their health or what are they going to do with the house long-term, yeah, it's scary and uncomfortable," she said. "And let's face it, it's scary and uncomfortable because sometimes we don't want to think about it ourselves."


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Etch A Sketch Toys
Etch A Sketch toys are a fun game without the need for a digital connection, reams of paper, or pencils that need constant sharpening. Indulge your imagination with this drawing toy that easily and completely erases in seconds for the next creative image to come to life. Etch A Sketch games allow you to draw an infinite number of images to keep up with your creativity.What is an Etch A Sketch toy?
The 1960 release of the Etch A Sketch introduced it as a mechanical drawing toy with a thick, gray, glass screen inside a plastic red frame with two small white knobs. The knobs are twisted by hand to adjust the metal pointer, or stylus, under the screen in order to create a drawing, or sketch, with the powder contained inside. You then turn the Etch A Sketch upside down and shake it to erase the image and can immediately draw a new sketch on a blank slate.How does an Etch A Sketch toy work?
Inside the Etch A Sketch toy is aluminum powder fully coating the screen in order to draw a sketch. As the knobs are turned, the left one for horizontal movement and the right one for vertical movement, the stylus continues to push the powder away. The displaced powder leaves what appears to be a black or dark gray line on the Etch A Sketch display, but in reality it is just the empty space inside the Etch A Sketch. This effectively creates your sketch as you continue to adjust the knobs for vertical or horizontal movement. When you shake the Etch A Sketch, polystyrene beads help coat and redistribute the aluminum powder over the inside surface of the display.What are the benefits of drawing with Etch A Sketch?
Lineography is the act of drawing without lifting the medium from the surface. The Etch A Sketch is a lineographic toy; the stylus is able to move horizontally and vertically but not be removed from the underside of the display. The benefit of the Etch A Sketch is that you are able to release your hands from the toy as often as needed with the ability to pick back up exactly where you stopped. This action mimics the motion of drawing with a paintbrush or pencil. Another benefit of the Etch A Sketch is that your hands will remain clean throughout the drawing process.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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James Parke, 1st Baron Wensleydale (_PHONE_), Judge
Sitter in 6 portraits
Trained in the law, he was called to the Bar and rapidly built up a legal practice. In 1828, he was raised to the King's Bench and in 1834; he was transferred to the Court of the Exchequer, where he exercised considerable influence as a judge for almost twenty years until 1855. The government under Lord Palmerston was keen to have his services as a Law Lord, and he was made a life peer as Baron Wensleydale in 1856. There was opposition in the House of Lords, particularly from the Conservatives, to the notion of life peerages, as they feared this would enable the government to swamp the House with its supporters. Palmerston was determined to have him as a Law Lord, and made Parke a heredity peer.
by Sir George Hayter
pen and ink and wash, 1820
Law and Crime

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


In the Star Trek: Voyager episode "Deadlock", the USS Voyager is duplicated by an anomaly. Which one of the Voyagers is the original and which one is the duplicate? Or are they both duplicates? Or are they both originals?
Both ships are identical. In the script, it's made explictly clear that a "spatial scission" has caused the ships to diverge by identically duplicating each particle of matter. Since both occupy the same space (albeit separated by a spacial rift), it follows that there is no practical way to identify which is the original.
I've edited for brevity and clarity:
TORRES 2: So I ran a multispectral analysis on the subspace turbulence. It was more than just turbulence. It was some kind of divergence field. And the moment we passed through it, all of our sensor readings doubled. Mass, energy output, bio-signatures, everything. Every particle of matter on this ship seems to have been duplicated in that instant.
JANEWAY 2: Quantum theorists at Kent State University ran an experiment in which a single particle of matter was duplicated using a divergence of subspace fields, a spatial scission.
CHAKOTAY 2: If the same forces were at work inside the plasma cloud, they may have duplicated every particle of matter on Voyager.
 - 2
 I'd rather say that neither of them are the original. The original particles were replaced by their two duplicates. – Lightness Races in Orbit Aug 9 '14 at 22:54
 - _USER_ - It's not made clear in the script whether the particles are both duplicated (e.g. and the original destroyed) or whether one is overlayed onto the other. I'd contend that since they both occupy the same phase space, it's a distinction without a difference. – Valorum Aug 10 '14 at 20:09
 - I would have to agree. – Lightness Races in Orbit Aug 10 '14 at 23:27
I have a different take....
When Janeway describes the ships separation and explains the experiment at Kent State, she states that the matter was duplicated but not the anti-matter. So the original ship would have the anti-matter.
*JANEWAY 2: Matter. But not antimatter.
KIM 2: Captain?
JANEWAY 2: In that Kent State experiment, they were able to duplicate normal matter, but when they tried to duplicate antimatter particles, the experiment failed.
TORRES 2: So the antimatter on the ships wasn't duplicated. Both engines have been trying to draw power from a single source of antimatter.*
And if you recall in the episode the ship that was torn apart was having problems because it appears it didn't have anti-matter flowing in the warp drive while the original ship was bombarding the it's warp drive with the anti-protons. The "healthy" ship for lack of a better term even offered to split it's anti-matter with the other ship, begging the question how could healthy Janeway offer something she was splitting? So one might think the healthy ship was the original one and the one that was torn apart was the duplicate.
Janeway also said the experiment didn't work for long and the two ships couldn't survive in the same space.
*JANEWAY 2: By my estimates, our antimatter supply will run out in less than half an hour.
JANEWAY: The attempt to merge our ships is throwing us further out of phase. The quantum cohesion on both Voyagers is breaking down.
JANEWAY 2: Just like original Kent State experiment. The duplicate atoms couldn't occupy the same point in space time for very long before*
The cohesion issue does does not direct us as to which would survive but just that they couldn't survive in the same space. But why wouldn't they move one of the particles in the experiment into a different space so they could both survive? Why would healthy Janeway know about the anti-matter status but not unhealthy Janeway? This leads us to believe that again the original healthy Janeway has to be original. And one would think that moving the ships further out of phase would help them occupy the same space better.
*JANEWAY 2: We've been boarded. The Vidiians are on the verge of taking over our ship. Are they on yours?
JANEWAY [on viewscreen]: No. We don't think they can detect our ship. Captain, we can have a security detachment cross the spatial rift and board your ship within five minutes.*
The Vidiians could not see the unhealthy one but could see the healthy one. So therefore it would seem that the original ship is the healthy one since they are in phase and more easily discernable and the unhealthy voyager ship is invisible to the Vidiians. This is further evidence of the healthy ship being the original one.
I would argue that the original ship was the healthy one. It acted faster, had access to the anti-matter, the vidiians could see it, and wasn't losing cohesion in the same way the unhealthy one was. What I don't understand is how the unhealthy one was able to fly off unscathed. Hmmm...
I am going to open a new question(s) about this episode any as I have several that aren't really related to this one.
I think it's a plot hole that allows the unhealthy ship to leave so easily and freely at the end.
 - 1
 The unhealthy one probably flew off on impulse. Not that it's going to get far. – Joshua Nov 2 '18 at 16:09
Technically both are the same ship. "Every particle of matter was duplicated", according to Memory Alpha. The event sounds similar to what a transporter does, more specifically, what happened to William and Thomas Riker.
"This isn't really my ship and you're not really my captain and yet you are and there's no difference. But I know there's a difference. Or is there? It's all a little weird." "Mr. Kim, we're Starfleet officers. Weird is part of the job."
 - Kim and Janeway
I'm gonna go out on a limb here and disagree. The Voyager at the beginning of the ep is being bombarded with the proton bursts--the unhealthy ship. "Unhealthy" Kes accidentally crosses the rift to the healthy Voyager. At the end of the ep, the healthy ship is destroyed so we're "following" the same ship we started with. To me this suggests that the unhealthy ship is the original.
Now...in a later season we get a twist on this. Voyager encounters "the silver blood " which duplicates the crew. In a later episode, we witness the crew's bodies breaking down--because they're the duplicates that left the demon planet. The original Voyager wanders by after the duplicate ship "reliquifies."
I know this question is old, but I was so engrossed I feel compelled to give my opinion on the matter for any who google this in the future.
Both are Voyager.
It is explained what had occurred was the duplication of all matter within contact to Voyager. This is not the case of a cell splitting that leaves the original behind and a 'new' clone of itself next to it. This is a case of the molecules diverting from a singular space. Both Voyagers are the Original, by all accounts.
Take for example the Parallel Universe Theory.
It states that every action or inaction creates from itself an entirely new universe that diverts from another. Whether you chose A or B or C, all three occur and are valid extensions of the timeline originating from before a decision was enacted. The Individual you might meet by crossing to a Parallel Universe is you. Both gain separate consciousnesses when their universes split, but both are exact continuations of the singular entity all three once were.
You and your counterpart are both duplicates and yet, the Originals.
While both Voyagers held different power reserves - The Undamaged Voyager notably retaining a far superior power reserve - this is simply due to the 'Pristine' Voyager's use of Proton Bursts. The act of doing so began to damage the Second Voyager seemingly out of nowhere, catching them by surprise and halting their advances towards doing the same. The system and structural damage occurring forced them to attempt to compensate, using up much more power while systems began to fail and break down under the stress.
Both Voyagers were siphoning off a singular reserve of Anti-Matter, the Pristine Voyager simply had larger power reserves left to keep it operational.
In the end you could say the Original Voyager was both destroyed and saved. Both occupied the same space, it's just one overlapped the other. The one on the top layer was the one that was invaded.
Your Answer


Description of the painting by Kazimir Malevich "Aviator"
Description of the painting by Kazimir Malevich Aviator
Malevich is a Russian avant-gardist whose paintings continue to be deciphered to this day. "Black Square" – his most famous work – is currently causing debate, someone considers it absolutely meaningless, someone sees in it subtle symbolism and a prophecy about the end of art. These are all his works, even not so famous. It is difficult and not always possible to interpret them from the standpoint of reason; on the contrary, the language of Malevich is a language of associations and symbols, difficult to understand if you try to decipher it in words.
The language of Malevich is a mockery of the inertia and narrow-mindedness of even the creative thinking of society, which sets the framework for everyone, even the artists. Malevich is a reformist who sought to reshape people's perceptions, to show them that beauty does not depend at all on logical meaning and its explanation from the standpoint of reason.
"Aviator" – one of his paintings, puzzles, which everyone is free to interpret, as you like. If you want, you can link it with biblical motifs and images, you can, on the contrary, see ardent communism in it. In fact, this is a picture of a puzzle, which seems to have nothing to do with its name.
The man on it is torn out from the familiar world, placed in the world of flat forms, fancy inscriptions, meaningless, strange abstractions. He looks like a spectator who is trying to understand Malevich's ideas, a cylinder emitting light on him, he is crossed by white fish that literally glows with whiteness. And he clearly does not understand where he was.
He has a peak ace in his hand, around something vague and not carrying meaning. He seems to be flying in shining nowhere, like a pilot, lost between heaven and earth. Everyone is free to come up with his own explanation and to associate it with his ideas, because each person is free and can perceive any picture as he personally wants.
If you look closely, "Aviator" tells the story of freedom.


August 03, 2015
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Fatwa allow Syrians to eat cats, dogs to survive starvation
By Ghanizada - Tue Oct 15 2013, 9:36 pm
Syria-conflictReligious clerics in Syria have issued a new ruling (Fatwa) which allows tens of thousands of Syrians suffering from starvation, to eat meat that is normally forbidden.
The besieged Syrians were allowed in the new ruling (Fatwa) to eat cats, dogs and donkeys in a bid to survive from starvation.
The evidence of starvation of tens of thousands of people emerged after Syrian Arab Red Crescent evacuated women, children and elderly men from the rebel-held area of Moaddamiyah, where they had been surrounded for nearly 10 months.
In the meantime the syrian oppposition released video footage purporting to be from Moaddamiyah which shows besieged Syrians starving to death.
Moaddamiyah is one of at least five areas in Syria that are besieged either by regime forces or by rebels trying to overthrow Assad.
The religious ruling (Fatwa) was issued on the ocassion of Eid al-Adha, which authorizes the besieged Syrians in the Ghouta agricultural belt around Damascus to eat animals usually considered unfit for human consumption in Islam.
The clerics also warned that the living would have to eat the dead, if the situation continued to deteriorate.
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|Digital Energy > Protection & Control > Voltage and Frequency Relays > STV Overexcitation Relay|
The Type STV relay is a single-phase static overexcitation relay. It consists of an overexcitation sensing unit which has a linear volts per hertz pickup characteristic, and a timing unit to provide a definite time before initiating some protective action. A target seal-in unit is also provided to protect the timing unit contacts during tripping duty.
The Type STV relay is designed specifically for equipment protection in case of overexcitation. Overexcitation of a generator or power transformer may occur during start-up, shutdown, or as result of remote load rejection. As as result, overheating due to core saturation within a very short time may cause severe damage. This relay, employing a constant volts per hertz pickup, recognizes overexcitation and initiates some appropriate action to protect the equipment.Features and Benefits
Target seal-in units
Transformer and generator protection
Alarm and backup protection
Adjustable pick-up voltage
Adjustable time delay


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Mehgan Murphy/Smithsonian Institution
Shanthi explores her yard at the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington, D.C., in 2010. The 36-year-old Asian elephant loves blowing into a harmonica.
When one of the residents of the National Zoo in Washington recently revealed her love of music to zookeepers there, some ears perked up. Shanthi, a 36-year-old Asian elephant loves playing (with) her harmonica.
"She's just so interested in finding ways to make interesting noises," says elephant keeper Debbie Flinkman. "If a lock makes noise she'll flip the lock repetitively. She will blow across the top of toys that we have drilled holes in."
And when Flinkman tied a harmonica to the wall in Shanthi's enclosure, the elephant wouldn't stop blowing in it.
"It's not usually a long ditty but it always ends in this really big sort of fanfare at the end," Flinkman says, "this big blowout."
That sparked some questions: Are the noises Shanthi is making music? And what is music? Why do we have it?
"It was an evolutionary accident," says Dan Levitin, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at McGill University who has written books and papers on why we have music and why we like it.
Levitin says the accident idea is a big one. It went public back in 1997 when Harvard professor Steven Pinker, a world-renowned author and experimental psychologist, got up in front of a group of musicologists and cognitive scientists at a meeting and said words to the effect of, "You're all wasting your time because music is cheesecake."
"Cheesecake is interesting," Levitin explains. "We have this great fondness for it, but we didn't evolve a taste for cheesecake. In our hunter-gatherer days, it was an adaptive strategy to load up on fats and sweets because they were very hard to find."
So because humans, for other reasons, like fats and sweets, we like cheesecake too. It doesn't mean that cheesecake serves an evolutionary purpose, goes the argument.
"And he said the same thing applies to music: that our brains evolved language, and music just hopped along for the evolutionary ride," he says.
Take the idea of a beat. Is the beat an accident? Researchers tried to train macaque monkeys for four hours a day, six days a week for a year just to tap their fingers in time to a metronome. But the monkeys couldn't do it.
But a cockatoo named Snowball? That bird can dance. Watch:
"Species that do this seem to be species that do vocal mimicry," says Greg Bryant, an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Studies at UCLA. He says cockatoos got their beat ability by accident. It helps them mimic sound and vocal phrases from their parents that they'll need to know later to get a mate or to shoo something out of their territory.
"So that might be the evolutionary origins of our ability, too, since we also can do vocal mimicry," Bryant says.
But just because it's an evolutionary accident in animals, does that mean our music, human music, is an accident too?
Ellen Dissanayake, an author who has written about the evolution and the purpose of art, says no — we definitely have music for a reason.
"All over the world, adults behave with their babies in ways they don't with each other," she says. "They make funny facial expressions, move their heads and bodies in different sorts of ways and they talk in a higher pitched tone with a lot of repetition, a lot of vocal contours, so that is, I think, very musical."
That universally sing-songy kind of duet between mothers and babies, she says, could have been the kernel, a million years ago, of what we know as music. She says it could have started as an emotional bonding system. And it worked not just for mom and baby, but for mom and neighbor and everyone around the campfire. That may be how we went from baby talk to Beethoven.
A lot of theorists believe music served this purpose of just getting along in groups.
"We now know that when people play music together, oxytocin is released," says Levitin, the McGill researcher. "This is the bonding hormone that's released when people have an orgasm together. And so you have to ask yourself, that can't be a coincidence, there had to be some evolutionary pressure there. Language doesn't produce it, music does. So the idea is that there's no primate society that I know of that has more than 18 males in the living group because the rivalries cause the groups to break apart and there's too much fighting. But human societies of thousands of members have existed for thousands of years. And the argument is that music, among other things, helped to defuse interpersonal tensions and smooth over rivalries."


text: We compared the rejection behaviours of three hydrophobic trace organic contaminants, bisphenol A, triclosan and diclofenac, in forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO). Using erythritol, xylose and glucose as inert reference organic solutes and the membrane pore transport model, the mean effective pore size of a commercial cellulose-based FO membrane was estimated to be 0.74 nm. When NaCl was used as the draw solute, at the same water permeate flux of 5.4 L/m2 h (or 1.5 mm/s), the adsorption of all three compounds to the membrane in the FO mode was consistently lower than that in the RO mode. Rejection of bisphenol A and diclofenac were higher in the FO mode compared to that in the RO mode. Because the molecular width of triclosan was larger than the estimated mean effective membrane pore size, triclosan was completely rejected by the membrane and negligent difference between the FO and RO modes could be observed. The difference in the separation behaviour of these hydrophobic trace organics in the FO (using NaCl the draw solute) and RO modes could be explained by the phenomenon of retarded forward diffusion of solutes. The reverse salt flux of NaCl hinders the pore diffusion and subsequent adsorption of the trace organic compounds within the membrane. The retarded forward diffusion effect was not observed when MgSO4 and glucose were used as the draw solutes. The reverse flux of both MgSO4 and glucose was negligible and thus both adsorption and rejection of BPA in the FO mode were identical to those in the RO mode.


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a database fails to appear as part of an availability group with automatic seeding enabled, the automatic seeding likely failed. This prevents addition of the database to the availability group on either the primary and secondary replica. Query
sys.dm_hadr_automatic_seeding on both the primary and secondary replicas. For example, run the following query to identify failure state of automatic seeding.
SELECT start_time, completion_time, is_source, current_state, failure_state, failure_state_desc, error_code FROM sys.dm_hadr_automatic_seeding
Automatic seeding and performance considerations
SQL Server uses a fixed number of threads for automatic seeding. On the primary instance, SQL Server uses one thread per LUN to read changes. On the secondary instance SQL Server uses one thread per LUN to initialize database.
Set trace flag 9567 on the primary replica to enable compression of the data stream during automatic seeding. This can significantly reduce the transfer time of automatic seeding, however it also increases the CPU usage. For more information, see Tune compression for availability group.
When not to use automatic seeding
In some scenarios automatic seeding may not be optimal for initializing a secondary replica. During automatic seeding, SQL Server performs a backup over the network for initialization. This process can be slow if databases are very large, or the secondary replica is remote. The transaction log for these databases cannot be truncated during the backup process, so a prolonged initialization process on a busy database can result in significant transaction log growth. Before adding a database to an availability group with automatic seeding, evaluate the database size, load, and site distance between replicas.


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Father's Day Tool Belt Card
Dads are always the handyman around the house and this Father's Day Tool Belt Card says that you admire what he does. This easy to make card is the perfect project for young children to make and give to Dad on Father's Day. You probably already have a package of construction paper around the house and the rest are standard materials.
Did you know tools discovered in Kenya in 1969 are estimated to be some 2.6 million years old? Source: Infographics -Interesting Facts about Hand Tools.
- Card stock or construction paper in a variety of colors
- Glue Stick
- Pencil or Marker
- Print and cut out the color or black and white pattern below. If you select the black and white version, color before cutting out the pieces, it makes it easier.
- Using the picture as a guide print and cut out the tools on a variety of colored paper or card stock.
- Glue the belt approximately one inch below the top.
- Glue the belt taps over the belt as pictured.
- Write Happy Father's Day on the pocket.
- Make a loop out of the small strip on the pattern with the tools; glue it to the inside of the pocket as shown in the picture
- Glue pocket and loop to the base card using the picture as a reference; leaving the top open to insert tools.
- Make the handles on the tools out of a colored paper, we used red, and glue to the hammer and screwdriver.
- Insert the hammer in the loop and the other tools in the pocket.
Give your Father's Day Tool Belt Card to Dad with a big hug and tell him how much you love and admire him.
Patterns, Templates and Printables
Click on a pattern to open it in a new window to print
Want to have some creative family time? Print out our SudBudz® Masks and get crafty with the kiddos! More than just a typical Fizzy Bath Ball, SudPrize® is a first ever line of skin-loving and natural bath products that make bath time Fun for Kids and Easy for Moms. A Free companion App, SudBudz® engages your children into an immersive world of special and unique characters called SudBudz®.


5 Digital Product Examples That Are Created And Sold Most
by Alex Mansour
2 months ago · 3 min read
The huge spread of digital technologies and e-commerce has made us see what are known as digital products. Unlike physical products that have been known for years, digital products don't have a physical existence. But they still make huge sales, with many digital product examples that may use or consume every day.
digital products
Having digital products, as a business or individual, can have many advantages. You can sell these digital products more easily. Without having to make huge investments or build warehouses or factories.
If you are considering making a digital product, here are examples of some of the most widely sold and created digital products that you can create and sell as a person or a business.
Software or application
One of the most widely created and sold digital products is software products. Many of the software that you use daily is digital products by businesses or individuals. They can be in the form of PC software, a mobile application, or a web app.
Whether it is software for editing photos or a mobile application for listening to music. It is a digital product that makes money for the business behind it. The software industry is growing rapidly around the world. Many software products are becoming more and more important.
While businesses can create their software themselves, they can also outsource their software to a software development company.
The transition from physical book copies to digital book copies was just a matter of time. Right now the transition is happening at high rates. As more and more people are reading books digitally instead of physical books.
With many choices of laptops, tablets, mobile phones with large screens, and ebook readers like Amazon Kindle, fewer people are in need of physical book copies.
Ebooks are emerging widely since then and became something on their own. Becoming a new publication that businesses and individuals can use to deliver information to audiences. That is without the hassle of traditional publishing.
Ebooks are often in an informal language just like any web content. They have no limitations for page numbers or any other aspect. Any business or individual can create an Ebook to let people learn something, conclude or explain it with infographics or checklists.
Audio and video
One of the biggest examples of digital products currently is audio and video products. Whether they are audiobooks, audio files that you can use as resources, or videos published in one of many ways. They are all digital products that people and businesses sell.
With cheaper equipment and platforms for anyone to sell or publish audio and video. Anyone and any business can create high-quality audio and video. In addition, they can sell them or publish them to help them share knowledge or achieve business goals.
Video games
The video games industry is one of the biggest industries when it comes to digital products. Therefore, for people to buy and enjoy video games, whether, for PCs, game consoles, or mobile phones, you can buy them digitally.
Not all video games are big and created by huge companies. Either one person or a small team creates them, they are still making big amounts of money. Which is the greatest thing about digital game platforms like Steam. One of the best things about digital products, as an individual or business, can benefit no matter how small it is.
Online courses
Online courses are among the biggest examples of digital products, considering how widely spread and popular they are. Most of us have enrolled in an online course or more. They are a great solution for learning that the digital world is offering us.
Anyone can create an online course and sell it online. Even without needing to create a platform from scratch to sell it, platforms like Udemy and Teachable make it much easier.
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Opening TRF file
No one can deny the dominance of Android devices in the smartphone market. About 88 percent of the world's smartphones are using the android platform. It is certain that you have a file with the apk. extension and having trouble on how to open it. You don't have to worry anymore since techshift provides us a comprehensive step-by-step visual guide on how to open a.APK file across different operating systems.
What is.APK?
The.APK file stands for Android Package. Google created the file format to share and install applications on Android devices. It is an executable file or in zip format, thus it cannot be read because it is compiled. However, it can be opened using 7 software on 4 platforms.
Here's the step-by-step guide by on how to open.APK file on Windows, Mac, Linux, and Android:
Opening.APK file on Windows OS
There are four simple steps on how to open a.apk file on Windows. Keep in mind that this will only work on Windows 7, 8, and 10
 1. You need to download specific software that can open the file like Google Android SDK, BlueStacks, Core WinZip, 7-Zip, and RARLAB WinRAR.
 2. Finding the original location of the file is the second step. You can usually find it in the /download/ folder.
 3. Once you found the file, perform a right-click on it and choose the "Open with" option.
 4. After clicking the "Open with" option, you will need to select the software you downloaded to open the.apk file (e.g. Google Android SDK). Click on the software and click "OK".
TRF format files may encounter problems
Opening.APK file on Mac OS
Like on Windows, there are also just four easy steps on how to open a.apk file on Mac OS.
 1. Downloading software that can open the file is also the first step here. On Mac OS, Google Android SDK and BlueStacks can be used too, but you can also download Apple Archive Utility.
 2. Locating the downloaded file is the second step. It is commonly found in the /download/ folder.
 3. Press right-click on the file and click the "Open with" option.
 4. Once you click "Open with", you should see the software you downloaded to open the file (let's say, in this case, we used Google Android SDK again). Choose the software and click on "OK".
In summary, opening an.apk file is not hard, there are just programs that you first need to install on your device in order to open the file. This may vary depending on the operating system you are using. For Windows, you can use Google Android SDK, BlueStacks, Corel WinZip, 7-Zip, RARLAB WinRAR programs. For Mac OS, you can download Google Android SDK, Apple Archive Utility, and BlueStacks programs. Only download Google Android SDK on Linux. Finally, for Android, simply install the Google Android software.


Tuesday, April 29, 2014
Pixels of Time, Pixels of Stitch
I'm struck by how stitching a cross stitch is like building an image in the form of pixels -- each little x is a point in space grabbed from our vision and transformed into a threaded pixel.
As I get back to work on the self portrait of my eyes, I'm reminded of the beauty in stitching. How it transforms our visual perception of the world by slowing everything down. Each tiny stitch turns our vision into a threaded moment.
Building the image of my eyes, stitch by stitch.
This is true in terms of the time it takes to translate imagery to stitch (the experience of capturing the image by putting the needle into the fabric) and in the tiny physical space of the stitch itself. For example, at burst of light in the contour of my eye socket becomes both a pixel of thread and a pixel of time -- the moment of time it takes to make the stitch.
Transforming a contour into thread.
I've only worked on one other x stitch -- Frame 11 for Aubrey Longley-Cook's RuStitch animation.
Wild Durham Springtime, 2014.
Very slowly getting back in the a groove with my art practice. Rebuilding it pixel by pixel in the green Springtime.
 1. Beautifully stitched and Beautifully said!
 1. Thank you so much, Becky! It's nice to be back to stitching!


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- slide 1 of 10
Interpreting customer needs and wants into product specification is the major concern of product designers and Quality Function Deployment is the tool for product designers to turn these requirements which are implicitly expressed in the voice of customer into technical terms to define product specification. QFD can meet the quality that the customer wants and the functions that the products should serve, and defines the explicit relationship between product characteristics and customer requirements.
- slide 2 of 10
What is the Importance of quality function deployment?
Quality function deployment is a challenge of enhancing effective and efficient productivity strategies for sustaining high quality and marketing competitiveness. It is a planning system that addresses many facets of quality achievements. QFD techniques achieve tangible quality improvements with sustainable productivity by interpreting customer's needs and requirements implied in the voice of customer into product specification for achieving cost effective top quality end products and prompt services. QFD is a mean to translate whats into hows, to interpret the colloquial and non-technical language of the customer into the technical terms of product specifications. QFD is applicable, and has been applied, in a vast variety of design, manufacturing, and service cases. There is certain evidence of QFD application in design of medical devices, construction projects, software engineering, evaluation of technical text books, lean manufacturing systems, and many other industrial and service cases. Readers are referred to QFD Institute publications to learn more about examples of such evidences.
- slide 3 of 10
How does QFD translate Whats into Hows?
In QFD applications Whats are translated into Hows through a series of matrices in which defined Hows of the first matrix becomes Whats of the second one, defined Hows of the second matrix becomes Whats of the third one, and so forth, until some quantitative and measurable figure is reached.
The first matrix is usually the Product Planning Matrix followed by the Concept Selection Matrix, multiple Subsystem/Subassembly/Part Deployment Matrices, Process Planning Matrix, and Production Planning Matrix.
- slide 4 of 10
Quality Function Deployment (or QFD) was developed in Japan by Dr. Yoji Akao in 1966. This method emphasizes user demands in producing high quality end products. In order to enhance intrinsic quality functions, quality assurance and quality control parameters were linked together into Value Engineering.
Value Engineering is a methodical system for improving the value of end products and services by scrutinizing the functions of the product. The Quality Value is a ratio of function to its cost. The ultimate goal is to improve functions at a lower cost of production.
Six Sigma is a registered trademark and business management action plan developed by Motorola, USA in 1981. Its aim is to improve entire processes to the top quality level. The probable maximum defects level is restricted to 3.4 defects per million opportunities.
The ISO 9000:2000 Standard also ensures customer satisfaction.
QFD helps planners focus on features of the existing product, and also the criteria of service and marketing view points. The QFD technique yields useful visualization tools in the form of graphs and matrices.
- slide 5 of 10
The Following Techniques are used in QFD
- Affinity Diagrams depict customer requirements and service facilities.
- Relations Diagrams show priorities and root causes of Process problems and customer needs.
- Hierarchy Trees are loaded with checklists of missing data.
- Process Decision program charts help avoid costly mistakes.
- slide 6 of 10
An affinity diagram organizes ideas into common themes and is basically the starting point of the QFD analyzing System.
Probably it is not a bad thing to have lots of ideas, and when a wealth of ideas is available, using them effectively is made easier by analyzing affinity diagrams. The very important information can be structured precisely in these diagrams.
The affinity diagram helps to assimilate large amounts of data related to relationships between ideas. This method is also referred as the KJ method, as Kawakita Jiro (a Japanese anthropologist) developed it.
- slide 7 of 10
Affinity diagrams are brainstorming exercises that can be used in situations where a solution is not readily available, many variables have to be reckoned, and concepts and ideas need to be discussed. Root causes of failure modes can also be identified easily.
Affinity diagrams are great tools for understanding large amounts of information. By working backward to probe broad themes, an insight can be visualized in which you could not find these details otherwise.
Using the affinity diagram approach discovers hidden linkages. The affinity diagram precisely gives a vista vision of hidden information.
Relations Diagrams show different relationships between factors, areas, or processes. They are worthwhile as it makes easy to pick out the salient factors adequately.
There are four types of Hierarchy Trees, namely – Function hierarchy tree, Data hierarchy tree, Notes hierarchy tree, and Attribute hierarchy tree.
- slide 8 of 10
Process decision program chart
The PDPC chart methodically identifies what can go wrong in Planning, Development, and Manufacturing. The Counter-measures action plan is prepared well in advance to avert costly failures.
This is a tree diagram which has three levels. The high level depicts the objective. The second level shows main activities. and the third level defines the tasks needed to accomplish the approved main activities. Problems are displayed in the fourth level.
A brainstorming session is conducted at the third level to identify and avoid what can go wrong in the system. Practical and impractical countermeasures are coded to avoid misuse.
All the potential problems located in the fourth level are intensely reviewed. All the countermeasures action taken is recorded in the fifth level.
The checklist is an important document with rules to be strictly observed in planning, production, quality assurance, stores, dispatch, and service departments.
- slide 9 of 10
Ishikawa diagrams are known as 'fishbone" or "cause and effect" diagrams. These diagrams are considered one of the seven basic tools of quality management, along with the Affinity Diagrams.
The 6 M's Fishbone template is generally used by manufacturers. 6 M's refer to Machine, Method, Materials, Maintenance, Man, and Mother Nature (Environment). You can use the map by selecting any of these: Equipment, Process, People, Materials, Environment, and Management.
Please Note: These images are dummy templates.
You can download the templates from this website. Data can be entered into the templates for analysis.
- slide 10 of 10
Quality Associates International - Quality Function Deployment
View related problem solving posts:
- Creating Affinity Diagrams with MindManager
- SCAMPER Your Way to Success!
- How to Fail Horribly in 2009!
- Breaking Down Complex Problems with MindManager
- Questioning Techniques for Productive Problem Solving
Related QFD Links
- Tips on Managing the Organizational Change Curve
- Best Uses of Electronic Records in Change Management
- Organizational Development and Change Theory
- Stages of the Change Curve
Bright Hub, Inc. - Tips on Developing a Quality Plan for a Project


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Difference Between Aluminum and Fiberglass Boats
Aluminum vs Fiberglass Boats
The comparison between aluminum and fiberglass boats is an age-old battle of fiberglass versus aluminum. Boat-building material, if is compared on behalf of performance and value, then aluminum boats are cheaper and fiberglass boats are more expensive. Aluminum boats ding if they hit a hard object, and would be hard to repair in some cases, whereas fiberglass boats are strong and flexible. Aluminum can be welded, and fiberglass cannot, which makes aluminum boats easier to repair.
Modern fiberglass boats come with flotation foam, and do not use any wood in their construction. They are steady in water, and float easily. A fiberglass hull is fragile, and a reversed-chine hull forces the water to spray to either side by cutting through it. An aluminum hull is rectangular in shape, and plows through the water instead of cutting through it. It can be difficult to repair.
Fiberglass boats can break, and aluminum boats may bend. Fiberglass can be molded, whereas aluminum cannot be molded, but only welded into any shape. Fiberglass boats are less noisy, and give solid ride, whereas aluminum boats produce a loud noise with their hull. Aluminum, if scraped, can be repaired easily, but fiberglass is more difficult if damaged or scratched. Fiberglass boats are corrosion resistant, whereas aluminum boats may not be able to resist corrosion in salty water if not properly maintained and sealed. Fiberglass boats are flexible, whereas aluminum boats bend, and the rivets may leak.
Almost all fiberglass boats can store up to 60 gallons of gas in the built-in gas tank in the bilge area underneath the floor. Whereas aluminum boats have a shell type design, without ample space for storage, so the extra fuel may be in your way most of the time. If you are going to fish in small lakes or rivers, aluminum may be the best choice, but if you plan to go to larger lakes and oceans, fiberglass is a must. Fiberglass an aluminum can withstand severe weather conditions.
Another major difference we can find is in the designing, seating and storage capacity. Fiberglass boats will be more spacious, with comfortable seating and ample storage space, compared to aluminum.
Aluminum boats are good for longevity, and remain in good condition for a long time, unlike fiberglass. Aluminum boats are not only popular, but the standard boat building material for the manufacturing of luxury yachts. Aluminum boats are lightweight, with more speed, and are dent resistant. Fiberglass is brittle by nature, so they can crack if you want to change boat into a hull, whereas aluminum boats may only dent a little. Fiberglass boat material consists of petroleum-based chemicals, and is combustible, whereas aluminum is usually fireproof.
1. Aluminum boats are lightweight, and usually fireproof.
2. Fiberglass boats are manufactured with petroleum-based chemicals, and are combustible.
3. Aluminum boats are cheaper than fiberglass boats.
4. Fiberglass boats may crack or break, and aluminum can bend and dent.
5. Aluminum boats have a noisy hull that plows through the water, whereas fiberglass boats have a fragile hull that cuts through the water.
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Dutch Wednesday, 29.01.2020: Traces of Trauma: Two cities and the Second World War: Nijmegen and St. Petersburg
2020 marks the 75th commemoration of the end of the Second World War on the Western and Eastern front.
In the Netherlands as well as in Russia, the end of the war will be commemorated on a national, local and individual level. It is therefore interesting to compare how WW2 is commemorated today in a Russian and a Dutch city. Are there similarities, differences? Moreover, how can (the approach of) history explain this? What can we learn from each other?
Nijmegen, the 10th city by population in the Netherlands, is regarded as the oldest city in the country. In its long history as a strategic border fortress, the town has been invaded many times, for the last time during the Second World War by the invading German army in 1940 and by the American and British army in 1944. After the only partly successful allied military operation Market Garden, Nijmegen became the most northern 'liberated' city on the Western front until the offensive against Germany in February 1945. The town was under fire for months, but not evacuated. Nijmegen was, so to speak, 'liberated, but not free'.
The year 1944 had already started disastrous for Nijmegen. The city was chosen as a target of opportunity and hit by an aerial bombing raid by the United States Army Air Forces on 22 February 1944. During one year, approximately 2000 inhabitants died, one of the highest amounts of civilian casualties in one city in the Netherlands. Nevertheless, not many people in the Netherlands know about this history. The question is: why? And what makes the comparison between St. Petersburg and Nijmegen, Russia and the Netherlands, such an interesting one?
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Literature review of how telecentres operate and have an impact on e-inclusion
MetadataShow full item record
This report includes the results of the research project 'Exploratory study on explanations and theories of how Telecentres and other community-based e-Inclusion actors operate and have an impact on digital and social inclusion policy goals'. This study was commissioned by IPTS to feed into a forthcoming 2-year research project: Measuring the impact of eInclusion actors on Digital Literacy, Skills and Inclusion goals (MIREIA). The literature review presented in this report was designed to capture the theories and explanations represented in the existing body of research in order to: 1) Provide a comprehensive and multidisciplinary landscape on theories and analytical frameworks; analyze the value of these theories and analytical frameworks based on predefined criteria and; 2) Develop recommendations on the most promising theoretical pillars that could inform the future research mentioned above. A two-phase research approach was designed: 1) An extended mapping of the literature from the last ten years in which over 100 articles, reports and books were reviewed, coded and identified the most dominant and/or common explanations in relation to the work of e-Inclusion actors; and 2) a selection, categorization, and in-depth coding of these explanations vis-à-vis different impact areas, as well as in relation to institutional capacity. As a conclusion it has been noted that although a lot of the research on eInclusion is set out to measure impacts, in reality studies often end up with some measures of usage and analysis of why expected impacts were not achieved. In addition, there is a large proportion of available literature on telecenters and other such eInclusion actors which is based more on perceived potential than on demonstrated fact and highly contextualized studies, making it difficult to identify valid or reliable trends. These findings will be taken into account in the development of the different tasks of the MIREIA project.
- TASCHA Repository


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Kindness in words create confidence Kindness in thinking creates profoundness Kindness in giving creates love
Social work is an integral part of our school education. It involves various social service activities which aim at developing compassion and helping attitude in children towards others. It gives them a chance to interact with people of different social work organizations, develop confidence and help the under Privileged and needy sections of our society. The INTERACT CLUB members render their services volantarily and the ECO CLUB helps in promoting environment awareness programmes amongst people. Places visited under our social drive:
- Old Age Home at Rajinder Nagar
- Goonj – NGO
Strive towards humanity
Charity is an integral part of every community as it brings harmony by bridging the gap between the fortunate and the less fortunate in life.To inculcate in students the feeling of generosity towards the poor and improving the lives of the economically challenged members of the community, our school has collaborated with Sarthak Prayas- a Delhi based NGOworking diligently in the field of child welfare. The green bins have been installed at various places in the school premises where the students collect the things like old clothes, worn out toys and the things of daily use for the underprivileged sections of the society. The school determines to make a significant effort for the development and welfare of children. It has great faith in the betterment of human civilization and is working in this direction. These activities also sensitize students about their duties towards the weaker section of the society.
Donations to Slum areas
The nursery department distributed apples to the weaker sections of the society aiming at the motto– 'An apple a day keeps the doctor away'. The little ones bubbled with joy as they went out to spread the message to the children dwelling in the slum areas around Shalimar Bagh. Feeling of generosity was also inculcated in the students as they distributed apples to the underprivileged section of the society.
Rally on Health and Nutrition
A rally was conducted by the students of class IV on Health and Nutrition. Students shouted slogans and spread the message that good diet and right amount of nutrition provides the raw material for the healthy body. Also to spread awareness regarding general cleanliness and hygiene, bacterial soaps were distributed to the workers and labourers so that they could understand that Cleanliness is next to Godliness.


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The training of the guides from the local community, community projects, clothing distribution and HIV Aids awareness has been self-funded by Stormsriver Adventures since 1998.
Stormsriver Adventures has formed a non-profit organization, NPO number 077-407-NPO, this is already established comprising of 2 community representatives and 2 company representatives to establish priority projects within the community of Stormsriver.
Please feel free to contact us should you want to donate towards these projects.
The primary objective of the organisation is to help lift the community out of abject poverty and to help them regain pride and become self-sufficient. To achieve this the charity has in the past, and will continue to be, involved in the following main activities:
- Children – Welfare (feeding scheme)
- HIV AIDS – support and excursions
- Animal welfare programme
- Clothing distribution to the needy
- Job creation for unemployed youth. – Skills development.
Based on the 5 areas priorities are defined as to which projects we can afford to initiate and support.
Respected community representatives provide valuable input ensuring that the projects supported are priority needs within the local community of Stormsriver.
Corporate Social Investment and Poverty Relief Initiatives
Stormsriver Adventures is a major role player in Poverty Relief Programs in the Tsitsikamma region, providing assistance and expertise.
- At a direct cost to the company, skills development and job creation initiatives have led to introducing the Stormsriver community to the Eco Adventure Tourism industry since inception of the company in 1998.
School feeding scheme
The provision of food for a school feeding scheme in terms of which each child in the school is provided with one proper meal a day. The aim of this aspect of the charitable work is to help uplift scholars academic achievement.
- 240 Primary school children are provided with a meal 4 times a week.
- The programme has been running since 2003.
Animal education and welfare programme
- This initiative is particularly aimed at the children with the prime objective of creating self worth and caring. The positive impact has been significant by way of teaching children responsibility and has translated into a more caring community. Teaching the community, mainly children, basic life skills through the animal welfare educational program. Using animals as a tangible means to enhance responsibility, self esteem and self-worth amongst the community.
- The programme involves dipping, mange treatment, sterilization campaigns animal trauma treatment and an Inoculation Programme.
- Environmental education excursions are conducted and include children from the local communities.
- Support of SMME's within the community i.e. laminating business operating from Stormsriver Adventures providing laminations to all clients that receive a Canopy Tour certificate on completion.
- Supporting and sponsoring of sport development within the community.
- A community owned craft initiative and local crafts can be purchassed from our small retail outlet. This major project is recieving support and assistance from Stormsriver Adventures.
- A catering company set up by Stormsriver Adventures in 2003 supplies all catering requirements and has created 5 positions for women.
HIV/AIDS Education and Awareness
The Company launched an aggressive committed campaign in 2006 to tackle the enormous challenge of HIV and AIDS. This campaign includes the following:
- Documented HIV/AIDS Policy.
- A documented TB Policy.
- Educational Workshops are held with Staff which include discussions forums, talks by HIV positive Community members, use of literature and audiovisual material.
- The formation of the 'We Care' Movement, comprising of Staff members who undertake Outreach Programmes into the Community to educate and dispel the stigma attached to AIDS.
- The use of 'I know' badges to encourage voluntary testing.
- Assisting the local Primary School with education and awareness.
- Appointment and capacitation of an AIDS Counselor by way of Courses fully sponsored by the Company.


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A NASA project that allows students to use a camera on a spacecraft orbiting Mars for research has received a new education prize from the journal Science. Read More
Mars in a Minute: How Do You Get to Mars?
What does it take to get a spacecraft from Earth all the way to Mars? There are a few key things to consider, as explained in this 60-second video from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
› Watch Video
Martian Pit Feature Found by Seventh Graders
Sixteen seventh-graders at Evergreen Middle School in Cottonwood, Calif., found the Martian pit feature at the center of the superimposed red square in this image while participating in a program that enables students to use the camera on NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter.
Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU


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Mimic And Mix:
Mimix is a handy utility for copying and combining signals in eurorack systems. The module features three sections: two buffered multiples each with an augmented fourth output, and a 4-input unity summing mixer.
Mimix has two independent multiples, A and B, each with four available copies of either audio or CV. Unlike passive multiples, these buffered copies use active circuitry to ensure there is no signal loss or interaction between the signals.
Additionally, the input impedance is very high so the source signal is essentially unaltered, and precision components are used so that each copy is identical. This is necessary when copying voltages scaled to 1V/oct for pitch control of oscillators and sound sources.
The two multiple sections, A and B, each have two WHITE LEDs which help to visualize the strengths and polarities of the input signals.
Identical copies are ideal for many applications, but not necessarily for experimentation. For this reason, the fourth output of each multiple is an augmented copy derived from the source signal.
Multiple A has an inverted copy labeled A INV, which has its polarity flipped. When the source signal voltage is positive, this output is negative. When the source signal voltage is negative, this output is positive. This is useful for patching opposing modulation signals.
Multiple B has a rectified copy labeled B RECT, which outputs a full-wave rectified copy of the source signal that is always positive. When the voltage of the source signal is negative, the output is inverted. This is useful to control parameters which typically require a positive modulation signal, such as VCAs. It can also be used to distort audio signals, and much more.
The last of the module's three sections is a 4-input mixer. The summing circuit combines all four inputs at unity gain to the SUM output. This is useful for creating interesting modulations or mixing several audio signals together to a single output.
By default, the first two inputs, [A] and [B], are normalled to the inputs of the two multiples. However, they may be replaced by plugging other signals into their respective input jacks. Inputs C and D are for additional external sources which can be added to the mix.
Similar to the two multiple sections, there are two WHITE LEDs to indicate the strength and polarity of the mixed signal at the SUM output jack.
Width: 6 HP
Depth: 1.0 in (25 mm)
Weight: 2.0 oz (57 g)
Input impedance: 1 MΩ
Power: +12 V 40 mA, -12 V 40 mA
CONVERT LFO TO REPEATING ENVELOPE – Patch a bipolar LFO into multiple B and use the B RECT output to open a sound's VCA, much like an envelope. A sawtooth LFO makes for interesting results.
ADDITIONAL 5TH COPY OF A MULTIPLE – If unused, the unity mixer can provide an additional copy of A or B. Just "dead patch" either the [A] or [B] input of the mixer, and use the SUM output to grab another copy of the other multiple.


D Programming Language 1.0
Last update Sun Dec 30 20:34:42 2012
D Complex Types and C++ std::complex
How do D's complex numbers compare with C++'s std::complex class?
Syntactical Aesthetics
In C++, the complex types are:
complex
C++ has no distinct imaginary type. D has 3 complex types and 3 imaginary types:
A C++ complex number can interact with an arithmetic literal, but since there is no imaginary type, imaginary numbers can only be created with the constructor syntax:
complex a = 5; // a = 5 + 0i
complex b(0,7); // b = 0 + 7i
c = a + b + complex(0,7); // c = 5 + 14i
In D, an imaginary numeric literal has the 'i' suffix. The corresponding code would be the more natural:
creal a = 5; // a = 5 + 0i
ireal b = 7i; // b = 7i
c = a + b + 7i; // c = 5 + 14i
For more involved expressions involving constants:
In C++, this would be:
c = (complex(6,2) + complex(-1,3)) / complex(0,3);
or if an imaginary class were added to C++ it might be:
c = (6 + imaginary(2) - 1 + imaginary(3)) / imaginary(3);
In other words, an imaginary number nn can be represented with just nni rather than writing a constructor call complex(0,nn).
The lack of an imaginary type in C++ means that operations on imaginary numbers wind up with a lot of extra computations done on the 0 real part. For example, adding two imaginary numbers in D is one add:
ireal a, b, c;
c = a + b;
In C++, it is two adds, as the real parts get added too:
c.re = a.re + b.re;
c.im = a.im + b.im;
Multiply is worse, as 4 multiplies and two adds are done instead of one multiply:
c.re = a.re * b.re - a.im * b.im;
c.im = a.im * b.re + a.re * b.im;
Divide is the worst - D has one divide, whereas C++ implements complex division with typically one comparison, 3 divides, 3 multiplies and 3 additions:
if (fabs(b.re) < fabs(b.im))
 r = b.re / b.im;
 den = b.im + r * b.re;
 c.re = (a.re * r + a.im) / den;
 c.im = (a.im * r - a.re) / den;
 r = b.im / b.re;
 den = b.re + r * b.im;
 c.re = (a.re + r * a.im) / den;
 c.im = (a.im - r * a.re) / den;
To avoid these efficiency concerns in C++, one could simulate an imaginary number using a double. For example, given the D:
cdouble c;
idouble im;
c *= im;
it could be written in C++ as:
complex c;
double im;
c = complex(-c.imag() * im, c.real() * im);
but then the advantages of complex being a library type integrated in with the arithmetic operators have been lost.
Worst of all, the lack of an imaginary type can cause the wrong answer to be inadvertently produced. To quote Prof. Kahan:
"A streamline goes astray when the complex functions SQRT and LOG are implemented, as is necessary in Fortran and in libraries currently distributed with C/C++ compilers, in a way that disregards the sign of 0.0 in IEEE 754 arithmetic and consequently violates identities like SQRT( CONJ( Z ) ) = CONJ( SQRT( Z ) ) and LOG( CONJ( Z ) ) = CONJ( LOG( Z ) ) whenever the COMPLEX variable Z takes negative real values. Such anomalies are unavoidable if Complex Arithmetic operates on pairs (x, y) instead of notional sums x + i*y of real and imaginary variables. The language of pairs is incorrect for Complex Arithmetic; it needs the Imaginary type."
The semantic problems are: Appendix G of the C99 standard has recommendations for dealing with this problem. However, those recommendations are not part of the C++98 standard, and so cannot be portably relied upon.
How Java's Floating-Point Hurts Everyone Everywhere Prof. W. Kahan and Joseph D. Darcy
The Numerical Analyst as Computer Science Curmudgeon by Prof. W. Kahan
"Branch Cuts for Complex Elementary Functions, or Much Ado About Nothing's Sign Bit" by W. Kahan, ch.
7 in The State of the Art in Numerical Analysis (1987) ed. by M. Powell and A. Iserles for Oxford U.P.
Forums | Comments | D | Search | Downloads | Home


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June 16, 2009
Putting A Name To A Face Could Be Key To Brain's Facial Expertise
Our tendency to see people and faces as individuals may explain why we are such experts at recognizing them, new research indicates. This approach can be learned and applied to other objects as well.
"This new research adds to the evidence that the brain processes faces differently because of our expertise with them. It also tells us what it is about our experience with faces that leads us to treat them holistically," Isabel Gauthier, associate professor of psychology at Vanderbilt University and one of the study's co-authors, said. "This knowledge may be useful in the development of training protocols for individuals with difficulties in face perception, such as individuals with autism spectrum disorders."
The research is currently in press at Psychological Science. Gauthier's co-authors are Alan Wong, who completed the study as his doctoral thesis in psychology at Vanderbilt, and Thomas Palmeri, associate professor of psychology. Wong is now an assistant professor at Chinese University of Hong Kong.
"Our findings suggest that facial expertise does not just develop with any type of experience," Wong said. "Learning to recognize a set of objects as individuals may work, but categorizing them at a more general level, or learning to manipulate them, would not. We develop different types of expertise in recognizing different objects not just due to their unique appearance, but also because of the types of experience we have had with them."
For decades, scientists have debated whether we are better able to recognize faces because we have evolved a brain system dedicated to this task or because we have extensive practice recognizing faces. Researchers agree that we recognize faces holistically, which is not how we generally recognize other objects. For example, we find it almost impossible to attend to only one part of a face and ignore the rest, while we might recognize a car by its grill, taillights or branding.
Prior research has shown that people can develop face-like expertise with novel objects, such as cars, and that once that expertise has been developed those objects are also processed holistically. But up until now it was unclear what it was about expertise that produced this holistic effect.
In the new study, Wong, Gauthier and Palmeri investigated this question by comparing two different types of training regimens with the same novel objects, called Ziggerins. The Ziggerins were created just for the experiment and have no real-world function.
One group learned to individuate these objects with unique names, much like we do with people and faces. Another group learned to very quickly categorize the objects based on shared structure. Each group became better than the other at the task on which it was trained, illustrating that different kinds of perceptual expertise can develop for the same objects. But, only the group that learned to individuate Ziggerins later processed novel Ziggerins holistically, like faces.
"This research indicates that not only is individuation key to our expertise with faces, but that this technique can be quickly applied to other objects," the authors said. "Hallmarks of face-like expertise do not require 10 years, or even 10 hours, of experience to emerge."
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Here is the problem:
Let $S$ $\subset$ $\mathbb{R^{3}}$ be a regular surface with the property that all normal lines meet the z-axis. Prove that S is contained in a revolution surface around z.
I first tried to prove that every curve contained in this surface with a fixed z-coordinate is a circle (by showing that all normal lines to this curve meet at a point, it's a previous exercise), but the normal vector to the surface and to the curve are not the same, and I didn't go further... can you help me?
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1 Answer 1
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Sounds like you have a good strategy. You are looking at the cross section in some plane $z=z_0$, and you want to prove that the cross section here is a circle.
You are given that any normal line will intersect the $z$ axis. Let's write this line as $\vec{p}+\vec{n}t$ where $\vec{n}$ is the normal vector at the point $\vec{p}$ we are discussing. You can then show that a new line $\vec{p} + (\vec{n}-\hbox{proj}_{\hat{z}}\vec{n})t$ will also intersect the $z$ axis (taking away the z component doesn't change the fact that the line is in a radial direction).
Moreover, this new line will be normal to the cross section at $\vec{p}$: the tangent plane projects to a tangent line of the cross section, so must a normal vector of the surface project to a normal vector of the cross section.
This gives you the criteria you wanted -- all horizontal lines orthogonal to cross sections will intersect at the origin. This tells you roughly that the cross sections are circular, and that the overall shape will be a surface of revolution.
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initiate doxorubicin
2.3 Preparation and Administration
Preparation or Adriamycin (DOXOrubicin HCl) for Injection, USP;
Reconstitute doxorubicin hydrochloride for injection with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to obtain a final concentration of 2 mg per mL as follows:
- 5 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to reconstitute 10 mg doxorubicin HCl vial
- 25 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to reconstitute 50 mg doxorubicin HCl vial
Gently shake vial until the contents have dissolved.
Protect reconstituted solution from light.
Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Discard if the solution is discolored, cloudy, or contains particulate matter.
Storage of vials of Adriamycin (DOXOrubicin HCl) for Injection, USP following reconstitution under refrigerated conditions can result in the formation of a gelled product. Place gelled product at room temperature [15º to 30ºC (59º to 86ºF)] for 2 to 4 hours to return the product to a slightly viscous, mobile solution.
Administration by Intravenous Injection:
- Administer doxorubicin as an intravenous injection through a central intravenous line or a secure and free-flowing peripheral venous line containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection, or 5% Dextrose Injection.
- Administer doxorubicin intravenously over 3 to 10 minutes. Decrease the rate of doxorubicin administration if erythematous streaking along the vein proximal to the site of infusion or facial flushing occur.
Administration by Continuous Intravenous Infusion:
- Infuse only through a central catheter. Decrease the rate of doxorubicin administration if erythematous streaking along the vein proximal to the site of infusion or facial flushing occur.
- Protect from light from preparation for infusion until completion of infusion.
Management of Suspected Extravasation
Discontinue doxorubicin for burning or stinging sensation or other evidence indicating perivenous infiltration or extravasation. Manage confirmed or suspected extravasation as follows:
- Do not remove the needle until attempts are made to aspirate extravasated fluid.
- Do not flush the line.
- Avoid applying pressure to the site.
- Apply ice to the site intermittently for 15 min 4 times a day for 3 days.
- If the extravasation is in an extremity, elevate the extremity.
- In adults, consider administration of dexrazoxane [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Incompatibility with Other Drugs
Do not admix doxorubicin with other drugs. If doxorubicin is mixed with heparin or fluorouracil a precipitate may form. Avoid contact with alkaline solutions which can lead to hydrolysis of doxorubicin.
2.4 Procedures for Proper Handling and Disposal
Handle and dispose of doxorubicin consistent with recommendations for the handling and disposal of hazardous drugs.1
Treat accidental contact with the skin or eyes immediately by copious lavage with water, or soap and water, or sodium bicarbonate solution. Do not abrade the skin by using a scrub brush. Seek medical attention.
- 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
Doxorubicin is contraindicated in patients with:
- Severe myocardial insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Recent (occurring within the past 4 to 6 weeks) myocardial infarction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Severe persistent drug-induced myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]Severe hepatic impairment (defined as Child Pugh Class C or serum bilirubin level greater than 5 mg/dL) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
- Severe hypersensitivity reaction to doxorubicin including anaphylaxis [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1 Cardiomyopathy and Arrhythmias
Doxorubicin can result in myocardial damage, including acute left ventricular failure. The risk of cardiomyopathy is generally proportional to the cumulative exposure. Include prior doses of other anthracyclines or anthracenediones in calculations of total cumulative dosage for doxorubicin. Cardiomyopathy may develop during treatment or up to several years after completion of treatment and can include decrease in LVEF and signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF). The probability of developing cardiomyopathy is estimated to be 1 to 2% at a total cumulative dose of 300 mg/m2 of doxorubicin, 3 to 5% at a dose of 400 mg/m2, 5 to 8% at a dose of 450 mg/m2, and 6 to 20% at a dose of 500 mg/m2, when doxorubicin is administered every 3 weeks. There is an additive or potentially synergistic increase in the risk of cardiomyopathy in patients who have received radiotherapy to the mediastinum or concomitant therapy with other known cardiotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide and trastuzumab.
Pericarditis and myocarditis have also been reported during or following doxorubicin treatment.
Assess left ventricular cardiac function (e.g., MUGA or echocardiogram) prior to initiation of doxorubicin, during treatment to detect acute changes, and after treatment to detect delayed cardiotoxicity. Increase the frequency of assessments as the cumulative dose exceeds 300 mg/m2. Use the same method of assessment of LVEF at all time points [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ].
Consider the use of dexrazoxane to reduce the incidence and severity of cardiomyopathy due to doxorubicin administration in patients who have received a cumulative doxorubicin dose of 300 mg/m2 and who will continue to receive doxorubicin.
Doxorubicin can result in arrhythmias, including life-threatening arrhythmias, during or within a few hours after doxorubicin administration and at any time point during treatment. Tachyarrhythmias, including sinus tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and ventricular tachycardia, as well as bradycardia may occur. Electrocardiographic changes including non-specific ST-T wave changes, atrioventricular and bundle-branch block can also occur. These electrocardiographic changes may be transient and self-limited and may not require dose-modifications of doxorubicin.
5.2 Secondary Malignancies
The risk of developing secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is increased following treatment with doxorubicin. Cumulative incidences ranged from 0.2% at five years to 1.5% at 10 years in two separate trials involving the adjuvant treatment of women with breast cancer. These leukemias generally occur within 1 to 3 years of treatment.
5.3 Extravasation and Tissue Necrosis
Extravasation of doxorubicin can result in severe local tissue injury manifesting as blistering, ulceration, and necrosis requiring wide excision of the affected area and skin grafting. When given via a peripheral venous line, infuse doxorubicin over 10 minutes or less to minimize the risk of thrombosis or perivenous extravasation. If signs or symptoms of extravasation occur, immediately terminate the injection or infusion [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)]. Extravasation may be present in patients who do not experience a stinging or burning sensation or when blood return is present on aspiration of the infusion needle. If extravasation is suspected, apply ice to the site intermittently for 15 minutes, 4 times a day for 3 days. If appropriate, administer dexrazoxane at the site of extravasation as soon as possible and within the first 6 hours after extravasation.
5.4 Severe Myelosuppression
Doxorubicin can cause myelosuppression. In Study 1, the incidence of severe myelosuppression was: grade 4 leukopenia (0.3%), grade 3 leukopenia (3%), and grade 4 thrombocytopenia (0.1%). A dose-dependent, reversible neutropenia is the predominant manifestation of hematologic toxicity from doxorubicin. When doxorubicin is administered every 21 days, the neutrophil count reaches its nadir 10 to 14 days after administration with recovery usually occurring by the 21st day.
Obtain baseline assessment of blood counts and carefully monitor patients during treatment for possible clinical complications due to myelosuppression.
5.5 Use in Patients with Hepatic Impairment
The clearance of doxorubicin is decreased in patients with elevated serum bilirubin with an increased risk of toxicity [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].


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Aralia Ming Gold Mini Bonsai
Aralia Ming Gold Mini Bonsai, Parsley Aralia
A small tropical branching tree with fern like foliage. The bonsai plant symbolizes peace, balance, and harmony. An air purifying plant. Fertilize once a month. Susceptible to spider mites, check your plant periodically for pests.
- Best in bright indirect light, will tolerate low light
- Water once the soil is dry. You can also mist the plant.
- Native to Indonesia


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Arsi University Office of Gender Affairs Directorate
Background of Gender Directorate
Arsi University Gender affairs office was established in 2014 GC as University's gender focal point. Office of Gender Affairs is aiming in reducing female attrition rate; reducing Gender Based Violence (GBV), enhancing female student's psychosocial skills. In addition, the office is responsible to coordinate efforts to increase the enrolment and retention of female students as well as the recruitment and promotion of female academic and administrative staff in the University. Furthermore, Office of Gender Affairs is willing to work strong with the sake of achieving Arsi University Mission and Vision. In this regard the Directorate is responsible to perform the following activities:
A gender office directly accountable to the office of the President is hereby established with the following duties and responsibilities:
 1. Identify challenges faced by female students and staff of the University and provide/suggest solutions;
 2. Mainstream gender in the teaching learning process, training and research activities of the University;
 3. Raise the awareness of students and other members of the University about existing gender issues within the University in collaboration with other relevant bodies;
 4. Follow up and coordinate supports provided to female students by the University and other stakeholders;
 5. Work on different gender-related issues raised by students and staff and report to relevant offices, take appropriate actions and follow up progress;
 6. Motivate female students by providing awards to outstanding female students
 7. Provide counseling service to female students
 8. Facilitate activities planned to support female students such as tutorials, trainings on life skills, etc.
 9. Encourage and assist initiatives for female empowerment in academics, and administration;
 10. Create networking with other similar offices in higher education institutes;
 11. Promote and implement gender polices and guidelines
 12. Develops University wide policies and guidelines
 13. Creates and develop linkages between the gender offices of all colleges and institutes, the female student union and the support staff female representatives;
 14. Establishes sustainable infrastructure to support female staff and female students to reach a quota of 50% on each level of the University.
 15. Representing the University in matters relating to women and participate in meeting and trainings
 16. The preparations of action plans and budget required for the office
 17. The preparation of periodic reports and evaluations on the activities of the office.
 18. Perform any other related tasks assigned by the President.
Completed projects:
Copy house and pool house was established at the University Main Campus.
Ongoing project:
Construction of mini-shop which will going to generate income for Arsi University students who came from economically poor family is currently on the progress.
Future projects:
Identifying Arsi University female students challenges related to Gender Based Violence caused by the University staff and the surrounding society and providing sustainable solution for the problems. Hence, we are looking for research proposal which will be able to specifically address problem of sugar Dadi and sugar Mami. In addition to this we are aiming to give one community service.
Branches of Gender Affairs:
Arsi University Gender Directorate has three branches located at:
- Collage of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
- Collage of Health Sciences
- Collage of Humanities and Social Sciences (Bekoji Kampus)
Directorate director contact address:
- Name: Yewubnesh Wendimu
- Phone: +251 912 25 75 92
Gender office group leader contact address:
- Name: Tsige Haile
- Phone: +251 911 70 04 33
- Email:


Last updated on March 14, 2014 at 13:29 EDT
Water-Rock Reaction Could Provide Energy For Martian Microbes
May 31, 2013
Image Credit: Thinkstock.com
Brett Smith for redOrbit.com – Your Universe Online
Previous research has shown how rock-water reactions can produce hydrogen when temperatures are far too hot for living things to survive, such as near hydrothermal vent systems on the ocean floor. However, a new study in Nature Geoscience reports that the same hydrogen-producing reaction can also occur at more hospitable temperatures.
"Water-rock reactions that produce hydrogen gas are thought to have been one of the earliest sources of energy for life on Earth," said Lisa Mayhew, who worked on the study as a doctoral student at the University of Colorado, Boulder.
"However, we know very little about the possibility that hydrogen will be produced from these reactions when the temperatures are low enough that life can survive," she added. "If these reactions could make enough hydrogen at these low temperatures, then microorganisms might be able to live in the rocks where this reaction occurs, which could potentially be a huge subsurface microbial habitat for hydrogen-utilizing life."
When water infiltrates iron-rich igneous rocks, a few unstable atoms of iron can be released into the water. These unstable atoms, known as reduced iron atoms, can split water molecules to produce hydrogen gas and new minerals containing a more stable, oxidized form of iron at temperatures above 392 degrees Fahrenheit.
To see if these reactions are possible, the researchers submerged rocks in oxygen-free water at temperatures between 122 and 212 degrees Fahrenheit. They were able to detect some evidence of a hydrogen-creating water-rock reaction — possibly enough hydrogen to support life.
Next, the researchers accelerated electrons in a small storage ring to create "synchrotron radiation" that would allow them to establish the type and location of iron in the rocks on a microscopic scale.
Instead of seeing the reduced iron in the rocks converted to the more stable oxidized state, as they are at higher temperatures, the scientists discovered newly formed oxidized iron on minerals with a cubic structure called ℠spinels' that are highly conductive.
The researchers theorized that the conductive spinels were facilitating the swap of electrons between reduced iron and water, a necessity for the iron to divide the water molecules and create hydrogen gas.
"After observing the formation of oxidized iron on spinels, we realized there was a strong correlation between the amount of hydrogen produced and the volume percent of spinel phases in the reaction materials," Mayhew said. "Generally, the more spinels, the more hydrogen."
The researchers said hydrogen gases produced in these rocks would potentially be able to feed microbial life in a large volume of rock on Earth. They added that low temperature reactions could also be occurring in the same types of rocks that also are prevalent on Mars. Because the minerals that form as a result of these reactions have been found on both Earth and Mars, the new study's findings may have implications for investigating potential Martian microbial habitats.
NASA announced recently that its Curiosity rover recently spotted preliminary evidence of an ancient streambed on Mars. "¯The study's results suggest that hydrogen-dependent life could have existed where the Martian streambed was in contact with iron-rich igneous rocks.
Source: Brett Smith for redOrbit.com - Your Universe Online


What is SCD legal? Definition, Legal/Illegal lists & Legal yogurt
When I first started out on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet one of the things that struck me as a bit strange was the term "SCD legal". In this article, I take a dive deep into the concept of foods being SCD legal. I'll also share my experience with making SCD legal yogurt, one of the first recipes many people make on the diet.
What is SCD legal? SCD legal is the term used for foods that can be eaten on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, in contrast to illegal foods or ingredients that must be avoided on the SCD diet. This shorthand of legal/illegal ingredients was introduced by Elaine Godshall, after the death of originator Dr. Sydney Hass.
Let's go through a bit of the background and history of what these terms mean and how they came about, as well as where to find information on which foods are allowed on the diet. If you are starting on the SCD or know someone who is, it can be helpful to have a little background.
SCD Legal Definition
So the definition of SCD Legal are foods and ingredients that can be eaten when following the Specific Carbohydrate Diet. This is in contrast to illegal ingredients and foods which must be excluded completely while following the SCD diet. It is simply the terminology chosen for highlighting what you can and cannot eat on the diet.
Over the many years following the SCD diet, I have had a lot of people smirk or crack jokes about the terminology chosen for the "legal/illegal" list of foods for the diet.
No, no one will be coming to arrest you if you eat a pound of candy, so that wording can seem a bit silly. Still, I think the goal was to impart the seriousness and importance of following the diet 100% with no exceptions until you are healed.
no food should be ingested that contains carbohydrates other than those found in fruits, honey, properly prepared yogurt, and those vegetables and nuts listed.
I can see the reasoning behind trying to communicate how strictly you have to follow the diet. It tends to be human nature to assume that a cheat here and there is not going to be such a big deal. For example that a one time exception where you eat some cake at a party is just part of life or that even what you don't know can't hurt you with certain unknowns in an ingredient list. I think the purpose of calling these ingredients "illegal" is to emphasize that it IS a big deal, that one slip up can set your progress by many months.
I have heard interviews with people who had followed the diet strictly for a period of years with full healing and decided they can begin to add foods deemed illegal on SCD back into their diets and one day ended up in the hospital. These types of stories tend to scare you straight, or at least they did for me.
It appears that Elaine Godshall, who popularized the current incarnation of the SCD diet, is the one who came up with the term SCD "legal" and "illegal".
The most prevalent terminology used in Management of celiac disease by Dr. Sydney Haas, the original creator of the diet, appears to have been the terminology "forbidden" foods, for example in this excerpt:
The strictness of this diet cannot be overemphasized, nor should the difficulty of adhering to it be minimized. Faithful observance requires intelligence and vigilance on the part of the mother or the person taking care of the child with celiac disease. It is surprising how many a child will, despite the best parental supervision, manage to get hold of forbidden food.
Management of celiac disease – Sidney Haas
Other terminology commonly used by Dr. Haas were "prohibited" and "not allowed". For example in the following passage in Management of celiac disease: "Any cereal grain is strictly and absolutely forbidden, including corn, wheat, rye or rice in any form, whether it is bread, cake, toast, zweiback, crackers, cookies or breakfast cereals. Potato is prohibited. Sugar is forbidden as sweetening or in the form of candy, pastries, breads, etc, as well as dextrins such as are found in corn sirups and lollipops. Milk other than protein milk is not allowed.".
Having these multiple ways of describing illegal foods on the SCD may have been not quite as clear and to the point. This may have been Elaine Godshall's thinking when coming up with the term illegal in her guidance for those following SCD in her book years later.
Using such strong language, it's hard not to take notice of what is strictly off limits on the diet, or at least it does the best job possible of driving home this point.
Specific Carbohydrate Diet Legal List
The official specific carbohydrate diet legal list is available on the Breaking the Vicious Cycle companion website:
This is a great resource that everyone on the diet will use periodically.
Although some general concepts you tend to put to memory, such as that carrots are legal but cane juice/cane sugar is not – the SCD legal list is great for confirming some less common foods, such as whether Jicama is legal (it is not).
One limitation you will notice about the SCD legal/illegal list is that it does not have every ingredient in the world. Given that it was Elaine Godshall herself who studied the biochemistry of foods and maintained the evaluations for SCD legal and illegal lists, there were understandably limits to the amounts of ingredients she had been able to review.
Elaine Godshall passed away in 2005. Since that time, as new food trends have emerged there has been a bit of a void in terms of another source of truth for whether items should be allowed on the SCD.
Elaine always maintained that if there weren't enough resources to study a particular food, that it was probably not worth taking a chance. That concept applied now more than ever, as new exotic fruits and vegetables are available in North America, one has to make a judgment call for themselves as to whether to take a chance eating a food that has not been blessed as SCD legal or play it safe by sticking to those foods reviewed for the SCD legal list (I would definitely recommend playing it safe for those who are still healing and following the SCD).
What is SCD Legal Yogurt?
SCD legal yogurt is simply a homemade yogurt created from scratch at home using an SCD compliant yogurt starter like the one from Yogourmet, with one additional requirement of letting the yogurt ferment for a full 24 hours as opposed to the more standard 4 or 8 hours.
One of the more exotic elements of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet is the recommendation to make your own yogurt from scratch. In general other ingredients, like carrots, eggs, fish and meats are pretty common, but people can get a little nervous about the requirement of making homemade yogurt.
As a quick overview, the steps to make SCD compliant yogurt are to heat milk on the stove to a simmer, making sure it doesn't boil over, then cover it and let it cool until it is below 110F (can take a bit of time), transfer a bit of the simmered milk into the yogurt maker (which keeps it at a steady 100-110F), add the yogurt starter, then add the rest of the milk and turn on the yogurt maker for a full 24 hours.
I hope to do a more in-depth article in the future on SCD yogurt making, but here are more details on the steps as well as a helpful video showing the steps:
This is a helpful video tutorial on making SCD legal yogurt if you are new at it. Note that if you cannot find the exact Dannon yogurt she mentions you can also use the Yogourmet starter linked above.
Related Questions
What does "SCD diet" mean? SCD diet stands for the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, created by Sidney Valentine Haas, M.D. and made popular by Elaine Gottschall in her book Breaking The Vicious Cycle. Its goal is the management of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, diverticulitis, cystic fibrosis and chronic diarrhea.
What is SCD legal bacon? SCD Legal bacon is any bacon that does not contain ingredients that are restricted from the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, such as refined sugar. Although in the book Breaking The Vicious Cycle, bacon cured with sugar is allowed once per week in small quantities, SCD legal bacon can be eaten liberally.
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Blue Accounting is focused on effectively leveraging and sustaining our primary asset – the world's largest freshwater system.
This requires an adaptive, issue-based process that links water-related management decisions and investments, in both public and private sectors, to desired environmental, economic and social outcomes. A holistic and connected process will help us improve economic efficiency, realize competitive advantage, assure water security and enhance quality of life.
The environmental and healthy aquatic ecosystem outcomes that Blue Accounting aims to achieve are:
- Functional nearshore and coastal processes
- Healthy, diverse and connected habitats
- Healthy and abundant wildlife
Our pilot issues are exploring ways to measure progress towards these environmental outcomes as well as social and economic outcomes. By taking this approach, we hope to develop a system where Great Lakes ecosystems, economies, and societies support one another.


Disruption of the MSL complex inhibits tumour maintenance by exacerbating chromosomal instability
Rewiring of cellular programmes in malignant cells generates cancer-specific vulnerabilities. Here, using an unbiased screening strategy aimed at identifying non-essential genes required by tumour cells to sustain unlimited proliferative capacity, we identify the male-specific lethal (MSL) acetyltransferase complex as a vulnerability of genetically unstable cancers. We find that disruption of the MSL complex and consequent loss of the associated H4K16ac mark do not substantially alter transcriptional programmes but compromise chromosome integrity and promote chromosomal instability (CIN) that progressively exhausts the proliferative potential of cancer cells through a p53-independent mechanism. This effect is dependent on pre-existing genomic instability, and normal cells are insensitive to MSL disruption. Using celland patient-derived xenografts from multiple cancer types, we show that excessive CIN induced by MSL disruption inhibits tumour maintenance. Our findings suggest that targeting MSL may be a valuable means to increase CIN beyond the level tolerated by cancer cells without inducing severe adverse effects in normal tissues.