User:Herostratus/Kurt Gödel
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Gödel boasting his record-breaking brain.
Kurt Gödel was a Plutonian logician, mathematician, philosopher of mathematics, mathematician of philosophy, professor of logician, and Olympic middle-distance athlete.
He is noted for his large brain, which was believed to have its own gravitational field, his love of Monkeys and his theories. His most famous theory is the Incompleteness Theorem.
Recent linguistic advances in biographical reviews revealed that the phrase "His Incompleteness Theorem" should have been translated as "His Incontinent Theo Rem", referring to his imaginary gay lover, probably the famed inventor of the Cross-Country Adult Diaper.
He was a close personal friend and occasional bed buddy of fellow boffin Oscar Wilde.
Gödel died in 1937, when fellow-mathemetician and rival Kürt Gödël, with whom he had quarreled over umlauts, entered his body through his small intestine and ate him alive from the inside. It seems, however, that he had trouble completing the process of dying even, so in order to support himself in the after life, he ended up haunting other scientists of the era, like Einstein, who supposedly owed him 10000 Imperial Marks, which was worth about a fart.
"7/10." - Oscar Wilde
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This is a wonderful gift for the bird lover.
THE SNOW GEESE by Willam Fiennes
A beautiful and bestselling meditation on the meaning of home
Often when we hear that a city is planning a round-up and slaughter of Canada geese, community leaders are quick to inform us that they plan to donate the meat from the slaughtered geese to food banks. Saying this appears to appease many people who might otherwise be opposed to the round-up and slaughter. However, does this really happen?
There is very little information available on reported contaminated goose meat because the cost of testing and processing the goose meat for donation to food banks comes out of the community's budget, i.e. taxpayers pocket. Rather than incur an unnecessary added expense, most community leaders chose to have the geese buried in a landfill.
Canada geese ingest a variety of chemical toxins which are prevalent in the environment. These toxins are absorbed in the birds' tissue. The problem with eating goose meat is not what is known but what is unknown. The following considerations should be taken seriously when goose meat is donated to food banks.
Considerations for the unknown:
1. Typically, those who frequent food pantries can't afford the services of a doctor when they become ill. Consequently, if sickened by environmental toxins in goose meat, the cause of illness goes undetected and unreported. Therefore, it is impossible to know how many poverty-stricken people may be suffering from maladies as a result of environmentally contaminated goose meat.
2. Do the impoverished, who consume goose meat at food pantries, know if they suffer from a compromised immune system? Compromised immune systems render this segment of the population most vulnerable to the effects of environmentally contaminated goose meat
3. Do food pantry operators keep track of how much goose meat is consumed by pregnant women, children and those with compromised immune systems? The government recommends that this segment of the population limit their intake of wild goose meat.
4. How do we know that the government's safety level standards for ingesting environmental toxins through the consumption of Canada goose meat are set high enough to help insure any health risk is non-existent or at the very least, near non-existent? There are no available, long-term studies conducted on those who have consumed Canada goose meat over a long period of time.
5. Is it better to err on the side of caution rather than risk the health of just one person who could suffer the consequences of consumed environmentally contaminated goose meat?
The article below appeared in The Ottawa Citizen
Meat contamination wins Canada geese reprieve
Fri 13 Sep 1996
The Ottawa Citizen
CLARKSTOWN, New York In this community, official Charles Holbrook
may forever be known as the man who took on the geese.
This June, Holbrook earned the enduring wrath of animal-rights
advocates when he rounded up 251 Canada geese for slaughter,
the culmination of three years of collecting complaints about the birds,
particularly their droppings. ''In some of the parks, you'd go in with
white shoes and come out with green shoes,'' Holbrook said.
To make the mass extermination palatable to the public, Holbrook
had the goose meat sent to a local food bank. On Aug. 27, however,
the state Department of Environmental Conservation announced that
the meat, all 90 kilograms of it, had been contaminated by
feathers, dirt and traces of lead from pellets and was unfit to eat.
Holbrook was philosophical. ''It was botched at the slaughterhouse,'' he
said. ''But this is the first time we've done it.''
But to wildlife advocates, the contamination is proof that Holbrook's
population control method is flawed.
''The idea of rounding them up, processing them and feeding them to
the poor is ridiculous,'' said Gregg Feigelson, president of the Coalition
to Prevent the Destruction of Canada Geese.
 ''We predicted the meat was going to be contaminated,'' he said
though he said that he had expected it would be the result of pesticides
ingested by the birds, not poor processing. There are strict state
limits on the consumption of goose because of pesticide contamination
in the birds' diet.
Feigelson and other critics say that there are more geese in Clarkstown
now than before, partly because the birds flock to underpopulated areas.
''Other birds replaced the ones that were removed within one week,''
said Anne Muller, president of the Committee to Abolish Sport Hunting.
''When they see an area with grass and water, they're going to land
Raging goose wars
The goose wars have raged here since Holbrook first took office in
1993, when he implemented an ill-fated birth control program for the
For Holbrook's supporters, the main issue is the threat from goose
droppings. Local health officials said the droppings might contain
bacteria like shigella and salmonella, though they conceded that
no studies directly supported that contention.
Holbrook said he was committed to the goose-meat program and
would try it again next year, paying perhaps a little more attention to the
''The geese are going to be here forever,'' he said. ''We just want to
have the right to manage them.''


text:
- Order: Passeriformes
- Family: Troglodytidae
Bar-winged Wood-Wren is resident in the Andes along the east slope of the Andes in southern Ecuador and northern Peru. In Ecuador it is known only from a few sites in the Cordillera del Cóndor in Zamora-Chinchipe, at _PHONE_ m (Krabbe and Sornoza 1994, Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997, Ridgely and Greenfield 2001a). It also occurs at several sites in the Peruvian portion of the Cóndor (Fitzpatrick et al. 1977, Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997), as well as below Abra Patricia, San Martín (Fitzpatrick et al. 1977, Davis 1986); northeast of Jirillo on the trail to Balsapuerto, San Martín (Davis 1986); on ridges above the upper Río Pauya in the Cordillera Azul, Loreto (Schulenberg et al. 2001); and at Cumpang and Utcubamba, east of Tayabamba, La Libertad (Davis 1986). The elevational range of Bar-winged Wood-Wren in Peru is _PHONE_ m (Schulenberg et al. 2007).
Outside the Americas
Endemic to the Americas.
Bar-winged Wood-Wren is restricted to the understory of elfin or stunted forest. These forests are patchily distributed on sites with nutrient-poor sandy soils, typically on outlying ridges. At the type locality, the habitat was characterized as having a "sparse canopy... composed of stunted trees of uneven height (6-9, rarely 12 m) and diameter (mostly 8-12 cm, not exceeding 20 cm). The more xeric facies of the ridgetop vegetation is dominated by a tree species that forms nearly monotypic stands. Ericaceous plants feature the heavy understory, which also contains a number of typical elements of the Andean flora: Weinmania, Miconia, Ilex, Hedyosmum, Podocarpus, etc. Cyclanthaceae, Araceae, orchids and terrestrial Bromeliacea predominate in the lowest stratum, while the ground itself is carpeted with a thick layer of peat capped with mosses and pale billowy lichens. Tea-colored blackwater streams emerge from the lower slopes of the ridges to form extensive sphagnum bogs in the valleys" (Fitzpatrick et al. 1977).
Schulenberg, Thomas S., and Tom Johnson. 2012. Bar-winged Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucoptera), Neotropical Birds Online (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; retrieved from Neotropical Birds Online: _URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Writing a speaker biography
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Writing a speaker biography
A good speaker biography for a conference is the one that attracts the target persona. make it clear what the speech is going to be about in the speaker' s biography to gather the right audience. relevant: how to invite a speaker to speak at your event for free. the top 10 best speakers bio examples. often you will be provided with a biography of the speaker. the client has probably recieved this from the speaker or copied it from their website and it was useful to them in selecting the speaker for the engagement. but these are seldom useful as speaker introductions. your professional bio is, arguably, the most important piece of copy you' ll ever write about yourself. it' s the first introduction to who you are, what biography you do and what you' re biography interested in. writing about yourself isn' t easy but you can' t let that stop you from writing a professional bio that makes a memorable first impression. in this guide, i share tips and tricks for writing a careerpropelling bio on every major platform.
how to write a professional bio. professional sites like linkedin, angellist, or a speaker bio on an event site all have space for a bio or summary section. for each of these, you' ll probably want to write a midlength description of both your current role, professional aspirations, and biggest achievements. always provide your speaker biography to a group along with a brief overview of your program and what their group will learn or biography benefits they will take away. 2 critical skills in proposal writing. why should you write a speaker biography? a speaker biography turns listeners on. a speaker biography is usually read out loud by an mc to introduce you and your topic to the audience. it explains why you are qualified to talk on the topic and why the audience should listen to you. persuasive essays are a bit like argument essays and persuasive speeches, but they tend to be a little kinder and gentler.
argument essays require you to discuss and to attack an alternate view, while persuasive essays are attempts to convince the reader that you have a believable argument. in other words, you are an advocate, not an adversary. to write persuasive copy, use persuasive " action" words like miracle, discovery, discount, and bargain. use uplifting words like vitality, grace, wisdom, and confidence. working in the essay transition words to use in a writing a speaker biography persuasive essay writing business we understand how challenging it may be for students to write high quality essays. if transition words to use in a persuasive essay you are misled and stalled while writing your essay, our professional college essay writers can help you out to complete an excellent quality paper. this word list is a great tool to display for students to know what words to use to have the power of persuasion! this can be printed off to give to each student individually as a helper as they go through the persuasive writing process. 1 the current context of longterm care financing 1 personal resources 2 public longterm care insurance programs 5 the income standard 6 the asset standard 7 income and asset rules for married couples 7 2 major issues in the financing of longterm care 13 demographic trends affecting the demand for longterm care insurance 13.
however, some firms do use the funds from cp for long term requirements, which is called " bridgefinancing", as a stop gap arrangement to long term financing. who can issue: from the definition of commercial paper, as given above, it may be inferred that only highly rated companies and financial institutions can issue cp, as it is unsecured. com has been visited by 100k+ users in the past month. longterm financing paper introduction to finance and accounting febru longterm financing paper for a publicly traded company, shareholder value is the part 378 words | 2 pages target corporation: report on longterm financing policy and capital structure with an acquisition analysis. nursing selfassessment pages: words) assessment as a continuum pages: words) leadership self assessment pages: words) assessment methods pages: words) assessment sheet pages: words) formative assessment pages: words) family assessment pages: words). this essay gives me an opportunity to understand the skills, knowledge and competencies required of a professional nurse as wells as, help me to do a selfassessment of my strengths and weaknesses and how to build on it. what is a written assessment? Carrefour sa case study solution. as you prepare to write your self assessment, begin by reviewing documentation about your work such as your job description, work objectives, and department goals and mission. to write an argumentative essay, select a debatable topic that you have a strong opinion about. your job is to convince the reader that your view on the subject is the best one, so choose a topic you can investigate and support with research.
when writing your essay, consider these tips to help craft the most rational and poignant argument for your readers. avoid emotional language that can sound irrational. know the difference between a logical conclusion and an emotional point of view. the guide and argumentative essay samples below will help you improve your skills in this area. how to write an argumentative essay. to become a pro at argumentative essay writing follow the tips below. research paper on concrete technology. know and understand the different parts of an essay; to write an exemplary essay, you should know and understand the different parts of an essay. an argumentative essay is a piece of writing that takes a stance on an issue.
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Paula Morenza
Excellent!
 - today we' ve got mike writing in with a question about his speaker' s bio. " hi lauren, i' ve been invited to speak at an association event ( congratulations, mike! the organizers have asked for my speaker' s introduction and bio.
 - Comments
 Eva Pinlo
 Buying vs renting essay
 - getting started writing your speaker' s bio. to start writing, use a point form method or use a speaker bio template ( useful for motivational speakers as well as other professional speakers).
 - Comments
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 Review my essay
 a biography template is just an outline for you to fill in the blanks. you can list out the following points: 1) profession 2) years of experience 3.
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 Social anxiety disorder case study
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 Ptsd research proposal
 - a speaker biography helps establish your credibility before you even speak, which in turn encourages attendees to view you as an expert, making them more likely to attend your presentation. speaker bio format and content.
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 a speaker bio should include a brief summary of your education, work history, and experience relevant to your speaking topic.
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text:
Curriculum for Excellence
Discover how Youth Scotland's programmes support you to reach the goals of Curriculum for Excellence
Partnerships with colleges, youth work services, the voluntary sector and employers will open up a wide range of motivating choices, based upon the experiences and outcomes, to meet the needs of all young people.
Building the Curriculum 3
As Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) continues to shape the learning experience of young people aged 3 - 18, Youth Scotland has developed a series of materials and training sessions to help practitioners understand and use the CfE approach in planning, delivering and evaluating their programmes for young people.
Download Curriculum for Excellence – A Youth Scotland Quick Guide for a basic introduction.
What is CfE?
Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) is an approach that supports young people as they learn and develop the four capacities: successful learners, confident individuals, responsible citizens and effective contributors.
CfE supports the idea that learning and achievement can take place in a variety of formats and settings; not just schools. The Building the Curriculum documents (link here) make it clear that all agencies that work with young people have a role to play in CfE.
There are strong links between the Nature and Purpose of Youth Work (link here) and Curriculum for Excellence, particularly with regards to the young person-centred approach and an emphasis on empowerment and health and well-being. It could be said that youth work has always delivered Curriculum for Excellence.


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California Proposition 11, Beverage Container Reuse and Recycling Act (1982)
Proposition 11, the Beverage Container Reuse and Recycling Act, would have required "every empty beer and other malt beverage, mineral water, soda water, and similar carbonated soft drink container to be redeemable for cash, as a means of encouraging consumers to return empty cans and bottles rather than discard them as litter or municipal waste."
Specifically, Proposition 11 would have:
- Required that beginning on March 1, 1984, every such beverage container sold or offered for sale in California would have had a refund value (when returned empty) of at least 5 cents.
- Required that when a consumer returned an empty container to a retailer selling that same kind, size, and brand of beverage, that retailer must pay the consumer the refund.
- Retailers or redemption centers that returned empty containers to a wholesaler or bottler of the same kind, size, and brand must be paid the refund, plus a handling fee equal to 20% of the refund.
If Proposition 11 had been approved, it would have amended Division 12.1 (commencing with Section 14500) of California's Public Resources Code, relating to beverage containers.
Proposition 11's official ballot summary said:
- "Requires that beverage containers sold, or offered for sale, on or after March 1, 1984, have a refund value, established by the distributor, of not less than 5 cents. Requires refund value be indicated on container. Requires that dealers and distributors pay the refund value on return of empty container. Provides for establishment of redemption centers. Provides for handling fees for dealers and redemption centers. Prohibits manufacturer from requiring a deposit from a distributor on a nonrefillable container. Contains definitions, specified exceptions, conditions, and other matters. Provides violation of statute is an infraction punishable by fine. Summary of Legislative Analyst's estimate of net state and local government fiscal impact: Net fiscal effect on state and local governments cannot be determined. Could result in reduced litter cleanup costs, reduced solid waste disposal costs, and an unknown increase or decrease in tax revenue collections. Variables involved are discussed in more depth in Analyst's estimate."
The fiscal estimate provided by the California Legislative Analyst's Office said:
- "This measure would have a fiscal effect on both the state and local governments. The net impact of the measure's fiscal effect, however, cannot be determined.
- Based on the experience of states with deposit laws, it appears that this measure, if approved by the voters, would result in a significant increase in the percentage of empty beverage containers recycled or refilled and, therefore, a significant decrease in the percentage of empty beverage containers that are discarded.
- The shift in the disposition of empty beverage containers would be accompanied by changes in the behavior of both businesses and individuals, which could affect (1) the amount of litter and solid waste in California, (2) beverage prices, (3) beverage sales, (4) corporate profits, (5) employment, and (6) the average wage levels of workers involved in the production and sale of beer and carbonated soft drinks. As a result, the measure could affect government costs and revenues in numerous ways. These include:
- 1. Reduced Litter Cleanup Costs. Deposit laws in other states have caused reductions of approximately 80 percent in the amount of beverage container litter. Estimates of the resulting change in total litter range from almost no change to reductions in excess of 30 percent. If this measure is approved, it is likely that governmental agencies would experience some savings in litter cleanup costs.
- 2. Reduced Solid Waste Disposal Costs. Deposit laws in other states also have resulted in an estimated 3- to 4-percent reduction in the amount of municipal solid waste that must be disposed of. Because solid waste disposal services in California are provided by government agencies, as well as by private firms, a reduction in the amount of waste to be disposed of would reduce costs to these agencies. In the short run, a reduction in the volume of waste would result in only moderate savings for government agencies that provide solid waste disposal services, because local solid waste removal systems are sized to handle the current volume of waste and a large portion of the costs of these systems is fixed. In the long term, these agencies could experience significant savings as a result of the reduction in solid wastes requiring disposal.
- 3. An Increase or Decrease in Tax Revenue Collections. This initiative could change the amount of tax revenues which state and local governments collect, although the overall magnitude of this change -- and even its direction (up or down) -- is unknown. A change in revenues can be anticipated because the initiative could affect such factors as corporate profits, beverage sales, and beverage-related employment and wage levels. This, in turn, could have an impact on revenue collections from the sales and use tax, the bank and corporation tax, the personal income tax, and the excise tax on beer. Some of these revenue effects are likely to be positive; others are likely to be negative. For example:
- Sales and use tax revenues could be reduced if the volume of beverages sold declines. These revenues could also be increased, however, to the extent that beverage prices rise. The effect of the measure on sales and use tax revenues would also depend on whether the deposit paid by consumers on nonrefillable bottles and cans is itself subject to tax. The effect of the measure on sales and use tax revenue would further depend on the way in which any increase or decrease in spending by consumers on beverages is offset by changes in their spending on other taxable and nontaxable commodities.
- Excise tax revenues from the sale of beer would decline if the volume of beer sales declines as a result of the measure.
- Bank and corporation profits tax revenues could decline if the costs incurred by bottlers and retailers increase as a result of the measure and the increase is not offset by higher prices charged to consumers.
- Personal income tax collections could decline to the extent that proprietors' incomes fall, or more lower-wage and fewer higher-wage workers are employed in the manufacturing, distribution, and retailing of beverages. Personal income tax revenues could also increase, however, if total beverage-related employment and wages paid rise significantly due to an increase in the demand for retail and beverage transportation workers.
- Experience with mandatory deposit laws in other states does not yield conclusive evidence regarding the ongoing impact of these laws on those key economic variables that affect government revenues. Therefore, it is not possible to predict with any reliability what the net effect of this measure would be on state and local government revenues in California.
Path to the ballot
As an initiated state statute, Proposition 11 earned its spot on the ballot through the collection of signatures on petitions.
- PDF of the mailed November 2, 1982 voter guide for Proposition 11
- Hastings California I&R database
- California Law Library, November 2, 1982 ballot propositions


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About this Research Topic
Dehydrins, which belong to group 2 LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) proteins, are a family of intrinsically unstructured plant proteins that accumulate during the late stages of embryogenesis, and play an important role in plant responses and adaptation to stress.
Dehydrins are composed of several typical domains, designated as K, S and Y segments. The K segment is a lysine-rich consensus region of 15 amino acids, which forms an amphipathic α –helix, found in all dehydrins. The S-segment comprises 4 to 10 serine residues, the phosphorylation of this domain has been associated with the nuclear transport of the DHNs. The Y-segment shares homology with the nucleotide binding site of plants and bacterial chaperones. According to the appearance, number and distribution of these three segments, DHNs are subdivided into the following classes: SKn, YnSKn, YnKn, KnS. However, the precise functions of each subtype of DHNs are unknown. In vitro studies reveal common functions of cryoprotection to proteins and membranes.
Recently, the presence of other segments in dehydrins has been described. These include histidine-rich regions (H-X3-H, HH, and Hn), that allow to form complexes with metal ions, lysine rich sequences known as Poly-K or KEKE motif (KKKKKKEKKK), which can function as a polar zipper which interacts with polar KEKE motif present in other proteins or with DNA. The presence of these new segments suggests novel functions for dehydrins, such as chelators and DNA binding proteins.
This Research Topic will focus on molecular studies of dehydrins in plant stress responses with potential topics include, but are not limited to: structural, binding to molecules, biochemical and physico-chemical characterization and, bioinformatics and functional characterization of plant dehydrins.
Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


What is the purpose of a riddle in Macbeth?
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litteacher8's profile pic
litteacher8 | High School Teacher | (Level 3) Distinguished Educator
Posted on
The first riddle in Macbeth is found in Act 1, Scene 1. The witches meet and the discussion foreshadows the upcoming events of the play.
Fair is foul, and foul is fair.
Hover through the fog and filthy air. (Act 1, Scene 1, p. 8)
The purpose of this riddle is to tell us that things are not what they seem in this play. Good is bad, and bad is good. We cannot really know.
This idea of something being so and not so at the same time is repeated throughout. In Act 5, Macbeth is given several warnings that do not seem to make sense. The third apparition is a child wearing a crown and carrying a small tree. The apparition has a strange message for Macbeth.
Be lion-mettled, proud, and take no care
Who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are:
Macbeth shall never vanquish'd be until
Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill
Shall come against him. (Act 5, Scene 1, p. 60)
Like the other messages, this one is just plain odd. It seems to contradict itself. It tells Macbeth that he is safe, and should be proud and not worry. But although it tells him he won't be vanquished first, it then tells him that when Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane he is doomed. Macbeth assumes he's safe. After all, how can a forest move? The answer is actually in the tree the child is holding. Malcolm has his soldiers cut down branches to hide themselves.
Let every soldier hew him down a bough,
And bear't before him: thereby shall we shadow
The numbers of our host, and make discovery
Err in report of us. (Act 5, Scene 4, p. 83)
Malcolm's trick is foreseen by the witches, and they warn Macbeth. It is a riddle though, and he apparently cannot solve it. He assumes he is safe, and in his hubris does not take precautions. The other riddles similarly predict doom for him and warn him where it's coming from.
The use of foreshadowing the future through the witches' riddles allows Shakespeare to keep the melodramatic mood of the play. The viewer or reader knows that danger is coming. Can the reader figure out the riddle? Macbeth does not seem to want to.
cteacher's profile pic
cteacher | High School Teacher | eNotes Newbie
Posted on
The witches use the riddles in a few ways. They predict Macbeth's furture (and this in turn fuels his desire to be king and the subsequent killing spree that he and Lady Macbeth pursue). When one prophesy in the form of a riddle comes true, Macbeth is motivated to move forward because he believes what the witches predicted.
The witches let Macbeth know that he will rise in power, however, becasue the riddles are vague, Macbeth is mislead in some ways. He beleves that his power and life cannot be destroyed by anyone. Therefore, the witches are, in a sense, manipulating Macbeth to fulfill his "destiny".
In Act 1, Scene 3 the witches confuse Macbeth by saying Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none' and compare him to Banquo by saying "Lesser than Macbeth, and greater" and,Not so happy, but much happier".
In Act 4, scene 1, Macbeth returns to the witches and demands more information. He learns that "none of woman born shall harm Macbeth" and therefore he believes he is safe.
MacDuff, however, was born via a c-section (he was ripped from his mother's womb) and therefore he is able to take Macbeth's power and life.
Because of the witches, Macbeth actively pursues a corrupt life and climb to power. While he believes it is his destiny(fate), the prophesies have actually lead him to choose to become evil (free will).
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District and TAH Workshops
When providing professional development programs, Choices collaborates with teachers and administrators to create programs that meet the specific needs of the schools or districts.
Programs focus on the Choices approach to addressing contested current and historical international issues. All programs take an interactive approach, giving participants first-hand experience with the Choices methodology from the students' perspective. Participants engage in one or more model lessons from our curriculum units, including taking part in a role-play simulation that places students at the center of a debate on a critical current issue or at an historical turning point. All of our workshops provide an overview of the Choices approach and philosophy and suggest strategies for successfully implementing the Choices curriculum in the classroom. Further, the workshops engage participants in reflection and discussion around issues such as relevance to common core, 21st century skills and, differentiated instruction.
Teaching American History Programs
The goal of Choices' TAH programs is to strengthen and expand the teaching of U.S. foreign policy and international content within the core U.S. history curriculum. Multi-Day Teaching Institutes focus on an international theme within U.S. history, engage participants with scholars on the topic, and provide opportunities for teachers to explore ways to incorporate the Choices Program's resources and approach to make these topics come alive for students in their classrooms. One-Day TAH Workshops are similar to district workshops (above). In addition, depending on arrangements, one or more scholars may provide an on-site session, appear via video conference, or be integrated through our Scholars Online videos.
Email Mimi Stephens, Professional Development Director to discuss possibilities for future programming.
The United States in Afghanistan: History and Civic Engagement in the Classroom
2012 Chicago Summer Institute
Choices Approach to History: Teaching about American Entry into the Age of Imperialism
One-day workshop, Riverside Unified School District, Riverside, CA
Slavery in New England: An Institute for Teachers
One-day workshop, Brown University, Providence, RI
Teaching about the Cold War from Multiple Perspectives
Southeastern Regional Educational Service Center, Bedford, NH
The Age of Imperialism to the Second World War
Five day summer institute
The Slave Trade to Brown v Board of Education: Race in America
Eight-day summer institute


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External content types offer the following benefits:
- Enable reusability: An external content type is a reusable data definition of a business entity. After you create it, you can use it with any of the Presentation Features in BCS to provide a rich user experience to interact with external data.
- Encapsulate complexities of external systems: External content types enable information workers to assemble business solutions without having to handle the complexities of the external systems, for example, without needing to know the connectivity information or learn their programmability interfaces. After an experienced user or a developer creates an external content type, it is available to any user for use in any way they need (provided they have the permissions to perform that operation and access the external data). However, the user does not need to know anything about the location of the external data or how to connect to it.
- Provide built-in Office and SharePoint behavior: External content types provide Office item-type behaviors (such as contacts, tasks, calendars in Microsoft Outlook, documents in Microsoft Word, and lists in Microsoft SharePoint Workspace); SharePoint behaviors (such as lists, Web Parts, and profile pages); and capabilities (such as the ability to search or work offline) to external data and services, so users can work in their familiar work environments without having to hunt for data or learn and interact with different (and proprietary) user interfaces.
- Ensure secure access: External content types adhere to the security put in place by both the external system and SharePoint Products and Technologies. You can have full control of who accesses what data by configuring security in SharePoint.
- Simplify maintenance: Because external content types can be created once and used by multiple solutions in various scenarios, you can manage them easily. For example, you can manage their access permissions and connection and data definitions in one central location.
- Enable external data search: You can use SharePoint Server search from an intranet portal to look up information about a specific external content type such as a Customer. SharePoint Server search retrieves the data directly from the external system. Consequently, users can get the information they need without having to get approval or install a separate application.
- Enable working offline: You can take external content types offline in Outlook 2010 and SharePoint Workspace 2010. Business Connectivity Services provides rich cache and offline work features, and supports cache-based operations. Users can manipulate external data seamlessly and efficiently, even when they are offline or if the server connectivity is slow, intermittent, or unavailable. The read/write operations performed against cached business entities are synchronized when connection to the server becomes available.


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Finns in Minnesota
- More Info
- By: Arnold R. Alanen
- Format: Paper, 112pp, 6x9, 50 b&w illustrations, 1 map, notes, index, bibliography
- Publisher: MHS Press (May 2012)
- Usually ships in: 1 to 3 business days
- ISBN: 978-0-87351-854-3
The first Finnish immigrants arrived in Red Wing in 1864, the vanguard of thousands who eventually and resolutely placed Minnesota second among the states in terms of Finnish population. Today we may recognize Minnesota's "Finnishness" in the popular sauna, in the characteristic tenacity known as sisu, or in place names and cultural markers that link to homeland. The newest contribution to the People of Minnesota, series traces the Finns' migration to the state, particularly its northeastern region; their log construction techniques, including dovetail notching; and their ethnic organizations, from religious to political to fraternal. Colorful sidebars enliven the narrative, highlighting such topics as "Finglish," New World legends, and the 1920s Olympic competitors in track and field known as the "Flying Finns."
A separate thread tells the story of the Finland Swedes—"the minority within a minority" whose members were born in Finland but spoke Swedish and thus straddled two ethnic groups, belonging fully to neither. The book concludes with a personal narrative of Fred Torma (1888–1979), a miner and carpenter from Nashwauk, who describes establishing a Socialist hall, involvement in the 1907 Mesabi strike, and founding a cooperative boardinghouse and store. His is just one engaging example of the vibrant lives and legacy of Finnish Americans in Minnesota.
Arnold R. Alanen, professor emeritus of landscape architecture at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and a third-generation Finnish American from Minnesota, has written extensively on the topics of landscape history, vernacular architecture, settlement patterns of Finnish A mericans, and cultural resource preservation.
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To put on a live pyrotechnic show at a music festival, [Chris] built the FireHero 3. The result is remotely controlled flames shooting up to 100 feet in the air.
The system is controlled by a Raspberry Pi and an Arduino. A server runs on the Pi and allows a remote computer to control the system. The Pi sends commands over serial to the Arduino, which switches solid state relays that actuate the valves.
There's also some built in safety features: the system won't boot unless you have the right key and RFID tag, and there are pressure transducers and temperature sensors to ensure the system is operating safely. A CO2 actuated valve can quickly stop fuel flow in an emergency.
Vaporized propane creates the fireballs. The vapor is created by heating the supply tank in a hot water bath. An accumulation tank stores the vapor and custom built manifolds distribute it to the various flame cannons. At each cannon, a silicon nitride hot surface igniter (HSI) is used to ignite the flames once the valve is opened.
After the break, watch a video the the FireHero making some flames.


What is the difference between Upper and Lower Egypt?
Ancient Egypt was divided into two separate kingdoms based on geography. Lower Egypt was actually further north and contained the Nile delta. Upper Egypt was much larger but contained much more arid land than the fertile Lower Egypt. The names are derived from the flow of the Nile River, which flows north to the Mediterranean Sea.
Q&A Related to "What is the difference between Upper and Lower..."
"Lower Egypt" is the half of ancient Egypt at the. north. or Mediterranean end, including the Nile delta. "Upper Egypt" is the region to the. south. The dividing
Some say Narmer and some say Menes. He was the first to unite upper and lower Egypt creating one of the first AMP (African Mode of Production) state.
The deeper you go into the Earth, the temperature gradually increases. The crust is cooler than the mantle, which is cooler than the core. This concept of increased temperature with
They used to be divided but then a king (maybe meanes or someone) united them and the crown was combined. upper egypt and lower egypt used to have two different crowns but when they


]> The First Dixie Reader; Designed to Follow the Dixie Primer: Electronic Edition. Marinda Branson Moore, _PHONE_ Funding from the Institute of Museum and Library Services supported the electronic publication of this title. Text scanned (OCR) by Jason Befort Images scanned by Jason Befort Text encoded by Melissa Edwards and Natalia Smith First edition, 1999 ca. 100K Academic Affairs Library, UNC-CH University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1999.
Call number VC375.428 M82f.1 (North Carolina Collection, UNC-CH) The First Dixie Reader; Designed to Follow the Dixie Primer.Mrs. M. B. Moore Raleigh:Branson, Farrar, & Co.1863
All em dashes are encoded as —
Indentation in lines has not been preserved.
Running titles have not been preserved.
Library of Congress Subject Headings, 21st edition, 1998
Textbooks -- Confederate States of America. Readers (Primary) Education -- Confederate States of America. Confederate States of America -- Juvenile literature. 1999-11-30, Celine Noel and Wanda Gunther revised TEIHeader and created catalog record for the electronic edition. 1999-08-31, Natalia Smith, project manager, finished TEI-conformant encoding and final proofing. 1999-08-31, Melissa Maxwell Edwards finished TEI/SGML encoding 1999-08-24, Jason Befort finished scanning (OCR) and proofing.
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[Title Page Image]
[Title Page Verso Image]
FIRST DIXIE READER. LESSON I. Cat bat fat mat pat rat bet get fet met pet set bit dit fit lit pit sit cot dot got lot pot sot cut gut mut put nut sut A NEW BOOK.
2. I cannot read well; but I can spell.
3. If you love to spell you will soon read.
LESSON II. Ban can fan man pan tan ben den fen hen men pen bin din fin kin pin tin bun dun fun gun pun tun THE NEW SLATE.
3. Does he write with a pen?
LESSON III. Cab gab jab nab tab rab deb feb neb peb reb web bib fib jib nib rib sib bob cob hob job lob mob dub cub hub lub rub tub WHO MADE YOU?
1. Who made you, child?
2. God made me of dust.
3. For what did he make you?
4. To be good, and to do good.
5. Who loves good boys and girls?
6. Pa, and ma, and all good men.
7. Who else loves them?
8. God loves them.
9. Can you be good of yourself?
10. No, I must ask God to help me.
11. Will God hear a child pray?
12. He says he will.
LESSON IV. Ball Call fall gall hall pall bell dell fell hell sell tell bill gill fill hill pill mill doll coll joll moll poll toll dull cull gull hull mull null THE SUN.
LESSON V. Art dart hart mart part tart end bend lend mend send tend bone cone hone lone pone tone dine fine mine pine tine vine THE NEW HAT.
2. Who made it?
3. Jane made it of wheat straw.
LESSON VI. Ask bask cask mask task best jest lest pest test irk dirk kirk mirk quirk bunk hunk junk punk sunk THE FROG.
LESSON VII. Bale cale dale gale pale bale bile file mile pile tile wile bole dole cole hole mole pole use cuse fuse muse ruse tuse THE OWL.
5. The owl cries "who, who, who," at night.
LESSON VIII. And band land mand rand sand end bend lend mend send tend bind find hind kind mind wind old cold fold gold mold sold THE COLT.
LESSON IX. Back hack jack lack nack pock beck deck check peck reck wreck dick chick kick lick pick sick dock hock lock mock pock sock THE MOON.
LESSON X. Bark dark hark lark mark park berk derk jerk merk perk yerk cork dork fork pork work york duck buck luck muck puck tuck THE PIG.
LESSON XI. Barn darn earn tarn varn yarn bern cern fern kern tern vern born corn born morn torn worn burn furn churn hurn spurn turn THE CROW.
LESSON XII. Arm charm farm harm marm warm end bend fend lend pend vend dine fine kine line mine pine cake hake jake pake wake yake TIME TO GET UP.
LESSON XIII. Deep keep peep sleep steep weep deed feed heed meed speed seed beer deer cheer jeer leer peer beet feet meet greet street weet THE EAR.
LESSON XIV. All ball call hall fall Pall ell bell cell fell hell mell ill bill dill hill mill pill doll coll holl goll loll moll dull cull gull hull mull THE CALF.
LESSON XV. Loud proud shroud ounce bounce trounce bound found hound mound pound round burn churn spurn turn fume plume OUR BABE.
LESSON XVI. Chair fair hair lair pair stair bain dain fain main pain vain bean dean lean mean pean wean car dear fear hear near tear OLD AUNT ANN.
LESSON XVII. Bang dang fang hang pang rang ding cling fling ring sing wing dong gong long prong song wrong bung clung hung lung rung sung HOW IT RAINS!
1. Ma, where do the rain drops come from?
2. They drop from the clouds, my child.
3. But how do they get up there?
4. Do you know what fog is?
5. It is fine drops of rain.
LESSON XVIII. Bare dare fare hare pare tare cere here fere mere vere were ire dire hire fire mire sire ore bore core fore more dore THE NEW CAP.
LESSON XIX. Daw caw haw jaw paw saw dew few hew mew pew sew bow cow how mow plow vow dog cat fox calf colt dolt DO NOT DRINK A DRAM.
LESSON XX. Bass cass glass mass pass rass bees cess less mess guess tress boss dross gloss loss moss ross buss fuss guss muss russ truss THE STARS.
LESSON XXI. Free tree spree flee glee boo coo loo moo too bush Cush push rush brush eye bye lye rye sye KA-TY DID.
3. No; please tell me, ma-ma.
5. How strange! Can I see her sing?
6. No, she sings at night.
LESSON XXII. Com-pel dis-pel ex-pel re-pel pro rel co-pel dis-til ex-til un-til ful-fil un-fill re-fill ja-pan tre-pan tro-jan rat-an di van co-man A CROSS GIRL.
LESSON XXIII. Bri-ar fri-ar li-ar pry-or may-or pray-er sa-go bu-bo ty-ro ha-lo ne-gro un-to ci-der ri-der sni-der ud-der rud-der shud-der SPRING.
LESSON XXIV. Dap per clap-per flap-per lap-per tap-per sap-per sel-ler wel-ler shel-ler spel-ler tel-ler dwel-ler bet-ter let-ter fet-ter get-ter set-ter tet-ter THE GOOD GIRL.
4. When three years old, she would go to her mam-ma, and say, "'Ell me, mam-ma;" then she would put her head down in her lap, and say her lit-tle pray-ers.
LESSON XXVI. Bain dain fain gain lain pain bean dean jean lean mean wean loan moan groan roan moon spoon dume fume gume lume hume tume THE SHEEP.
LESSON XXVIII. Ca-ble fa-ble ga-ble ra-ble sta-ble ta-ble fid-dle mid-dle pid-dle gig-gle pig-gle wrig-gle nod-dle tod-dle scut-tle tut-tle tur-tle myr-tle OLD BALL.
3. He was so large that when the children rode him, they look-ed like frogs, and they often kept as much noise.
LESSON XXIX. A-base de-base in-case mis-place e-rase em-brace dis-claim pro-claim re-claim de-claim ex-claim en-chain com-mand de-mand re-mand fore-hand by-hand off-hand GOD SEES US.
LESSON XXX. Ban-quet gus-set rus-set pos set vel-vet pal-let bra-ver cra-ver do-ver tro-ver clo-ver ro-ver quiv-er riv-er shiv-er sil-ver un-der blun-der UNCLE NED.
2. They liv-ed near the Yan-kee lines, and when the Yan-kee ar-my come, old Ned and his wife and chil-dren, went a-way with them.
5. The mas-ter did not. know what to think of see-ing old Ned alone, so he said "Ned, how come you to leave Nan-ny and the chil-dren?"
6. Ned re-plied, Ah, mas-sa, dem Yan-kee no be good to poor nig-ger, can't stay wid nm. Ned


Mealworms & Worms
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Live Food
Our wide variety of seed mixes has managed to attract over 80 different species of birds to people's gardens, but it is worth remembering that there are some species that prefer to eat insects, and that some birds, such as the rapidly declining House Sparrow, need insects for their young to develop properly.
There are two ways in which we can increase the amount of live food available in our gardens. The most obvious is by providing mealworms, waxworms or earthworms, ideally at the same time every day so that the birds grow accustomed to them.
Mealworms and waxworms are not slimy, nor are they maggots. In common with our earthworms they are easy to store, an excellent source of animal protein, and are supplied in containers that make handling them unnecessary.
The other way we can help is by increasing the numbers of invertebrates that are naturally present in our gardens. This doesn't mean that you have to turn your garden into a wilderness. Simple measures such as having a compost heap, allowing an area of the lawn to grow a bit longer, having a couple of log piles and, above all, reducing the use of pesticides will all help.
Remember that many soft-bodied animals feed on decaying vegetable matter, so a very tidy garden is likely to support fewer potential Robin breakfasts!
Native plants and shrubs will normally be more attractive to invertebrates as you can reap the benefits of associations made over thousands of years. This doesn't mean that all exotics are bad, but having a proportion of plants of native provenance will certainly make a difference.


Binghamton University has two major HPC clusters. However, they both run SLURM in user space. If an organization needs to quickly, temporarily, run a heavy computation on the fly, significant setup is required.
What it does
Searches the local network for nodes that one can log in to; built authorization on top of SSH. Commands are distributed via sockets + protobuf, state is kept sane as the network is meant to have the same NFS.
How I built it
TCP Socket server plus rudimentary python
Challenges I ran into
Socket pipe kept breaking. Just try catched it.
Accomplishments that I'm proud of
Nodes are matched via regex, allowing significant clusters
What I learned
Synchronization across multiple processes/nodes, how to get a process to run on a remote server without keeping an active session
What's next for User Cluster
Implement arguments that alias to utilities such as ulimit, for memory and CPU usage. Proper algorithm for choosing nodes rather than just cycling each command. Detaching the manager from the shell, for p
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text:
following INSERT INTO statement:
INSERT INTO TABLE2 SELECT * FROM TABLE1
Now suppose you do not want to copy all the rows, but only those rows that meet a specific criteria. Say you only want to copy those rows where COL1 is equal to "A." To do this you would just modify the above code to look like this:
INSERT INTO TABLE2 SELECT * FROM TABLE1 WHERE COL1 = 'A'
See how simple it is to copy data from one table to another using the INSERT INTO method? You can even copy a selected set of columns, if you desire, by identifying the specific columns you wish to copy and populate, like so:
INSERT INTO TABLE2 (COL1, COL2, COL3)
SELECT COL1, COL4, COL7 FROM TABLE1
The above command copies only data from columns COL1, COL4, and COL7 in TABLE1 to COL1, COL2, and COL3 in TABLE2.


where the writers are
Allan's Best Tweets for the Week
Find Your Model
1. Models are so good they don't know it.
2. Models teach us not by what they say but by the way they behave.
3. Models often don't know they're models, won't accept the title.
4. Models are masters.
5. Models know how to be quiet.
6. Models invest themselves wholly in the process, the organization, the goal and their people.
7. Models leave legacies.


text:
This article is about magical objects in general. For a list with links to articles about specific magical objects, see Category:Magical Objects.
Magical Objects are...
These are objects in which Voldemort stored part of his soul to try to keep himself immortal, so that if he was killed, he would still retain a feeble grasp on life as parts of his soul would be preserved in these objects.
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets the diary contained the living memory of Tom Riddle from when he was a student at Hogwarts, as the heir of Slytherin Tom used the diary's power to get one of the present students Ginny Weasley to open the Chamber of Secrets. once in the Chamber the diary sucked life out of Ginny Weasley to restore himself as Lord Voldermort (anagram of "Tom Marvollo Riddle") this was destroyed with a basalisk tooth's venom causeing the living memory of Tom Riddle to explode and Ginny to regain conciousness
The Resurrection Stone
This was a small stone created by "Death" for the middle brother in the Deathly Hallows. It has the power to bring back the dead if one turns it over thrice in their hand. However, the dead brought back are more like shadows of their old selves. This stone was then in the ring owned by Marvolo Gaunt and then Tom Riddle. Tom Riddle turned it into a horcrux which was later destroyed by Albus Dumbledore. Dumbledore then placed the resurrection stone inside the first snitch that Harry Potter caught and left it to him in his will.
Salazar Slytherin's Locket
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
Rowena Ravenclaw's Diadem
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows It was hidden in the Room of Requirement by Tom Riddle, or Voldemort, in an attempt to secure it. He learned the whereabouts of the diadem by convincing the Grey Lady (Rowena Ravenclaw's daughter) to tell him. It was originally hidden in a hollow of a tree in the forest of Albania.
Helga Hufflepuff's Cup
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows This cup was stolen by Tom Riddle, in an attempt to own something from each Hogwarts founder. Tom Riddle stole the cup from Hufflepuff's descendent Hepzibah Smith, and later killed her. After Voldemort transformed the cup into a horcrux, it eventually made its way into Bellatrix Lastrange's vault at Gringotts Bank. With the help of former Gringotts employee, Griphook (a goblin), Harry, Ron, and Hermione snuck into Gringotts, acquired the cup. Hermione and Ron used a basilisk fang taken from the Chamber of Secrets to destroy the cup.
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Voldemorts "pet" snake that he made a horcrux
Harry Potter (As a Horcrux)
Destroyed in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
The Deathly Hallows
These are the three Hallows that when united, can 'conquer' death. They are the Invisibility Cloak, the Resurrection Stone, and the Elder Wand. They are mentioned in the story "The Three Brothers" in The Tales of Beetle the Bard. The titular three brothers Antioch, Cadmus, and Ignotus Peverell created these three objects.
The Elder Wand
This is the most powerful wand in existence. This was the creation of Antioch. Made from a core of Thestral Hair and wood from the elder tree, it is a ruthless wand, only accepting ownership with power and not emotional attachment. This wand goes by many names such as the Deathstick and the Wand of Destiny. During the First Wizarding War,and part of the Second, Albus Dumbledore was in possession of it, who took it after defeating Gellert Grindelwald who stole it from Gregorovitch. Draco Malfoy disarmed Dumbledore, not knowing that 'the most powerful wand in the world' swore its allegiance to him. Harry Potter took Draco's own wand (not the Elder Wand) from him, and so, the Elder Wand realized that its owner was beaten, and thus, swore its allegiance to Harry. During the Second Wizarding War, Voldemort was searching for this wand. He eventually tracked it down to Dumbledore, and he violated his tomb to steal it from him. However, Harry was the true owner of the Elder Wand, and he used this fact to defeat the Dark Lord.
The Cloak of Invisibility
This was the creation of Ignotus. It enables the wearer to have full concealment no matter what spells are cast at it. Unlike normal Invisibility Cloaks, which wear out and lose their spells or get holes in them, this Cloak stays perfect no matter what. It enables the wearer to hide from death - at least, according to Beedle the Bard. It was passed along a family lineage, including the family of Harry Potter.
The Resurrection Stone
This was the creation of Cadmus, apparently, to taunt death. It has the power to bring back people from death, however it does not do it fully. They are neither alive, nor dead when called to Earth. It was once made into a Horcrux by Lord Voldemort, who wasn't aware of the stone's power. In addition, to call back the dead, one must turn the stone three times in your hand. The stone was lost in the Forbidden Forest, when Harry Potter dropped it when he went to confront Voldemort. It was apparently stomped into the ground by centaurs, who were running to Hogwarts Castle to fight the Death Eaters.
First Seen in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, these objects were invented by Fred and George Weasley for sale in their Joke shop Weasley's Wizard Wheezes. These objects work by enabling a person to insert one end into their ear and be able to hear the conversations of people on the otherside of a door. Can not work against imperturbable charms. Theses objects are used in Order of the Phoenix by the twins and their siblings to eavesdrop on the meetings of the Order. they are also used when Harry and the Weasley's visit Arthur in the Hospital on Christmas Day.
First seen in Philosopher's Stone, the Deluminator, also known as the Put-Outer until Deathly Hallows, in which Ron receives it in Dumbledore's will, this magical object is used in Philosopher's Stone, Order of The Phoenix and Deathly Hallows. It is used in Philosopher's Stone when Dumbledore drops Harry at Privet Drive after his parents are killed by Lord Voldemort. It is used in Order of the Phoenix when Moody, along with the rest of the Order of the Phoenix is taking Harry to Grimmauld Place.
The Time Turner
First seen in Prisoner of Azkaban, the Time Turner is a necklace that gives the wearer the ability to go back to a preferred time in the past. Plus, it is possible to include a second person to join the trip if the necklace part of the time turned is wrapped around them as well. It is unknown if a third person can also be included. This object is used when Hermione decides in her third year to take extra classes. Due to fact that some of her classes overlapped, Professor McGonnagall arranged a meeting with Hermione in order to have a time turner bestowed upon her. It is known that these Time Turners are in limited supply and that they are monitored by the Ministry of Magic.
See also Time Turner.
First read and seen in Goblet of Fire, a portkey is a regular household object such as a comb or a lamp that becomes a means of magical transport once a spell is cast on it by a witch or wizard. The destination of the portkey is identified by the witch or wizard who conjures it. To function the portkey, all one had to do was put a hand on it and hold on tight. The portkey would then send the person through a portal towards their destination. The set time can be disabled and set to activate on touch, as proven by the Triwizard Tournament Cup. The Portkey is usually an object that Muggles would pick up; a normal, sometimes dirty, object. It glows blue when it is time for the Portkey to activate, and Portkeys can transport even without wizards touching it, resulting in stranded wizards and a lonely Portkey arriving at the place it was supposed to. Portkeys are supposed to be authorized by the Ministry of Magic before creation, but this rule was broken by Albus Dumbledore. Any object can be turned into a Portkey. However, large objects such as buildings, bridges, or a pole stuck in the ground can be assumed to be unable to become a Portkey. The first mention of a portkey in Goblet of Fire is when Harry and the gang meet up with Amos Diggory and his son Cedric at a landing that contained a "mangy, old boot." This boot sent them to a plain where the Quidditch World Cup was being held. A second mention in Goblet of Fire is when Harry and Cedric are the only ones left to grab the Triwizard cup. They both grabbed it at the same time not knowing that it was a portkey, sending them to a graveyard where danger was ahead with Wormtail and Voldemort.
The Golden Snitch
Used in Quidditch, its capture ends the match and gives the Seeker's team an extra 150 points. It has a 'flesh memory' which is useful during disputed captures. It remembers the first touch, and even the maker of the


Question: How Long Does It Take Gums To Heal After Scaling?
How long does it take for gums to heal after cleaning?
On average, it takes anywhere from 5 to 7 days for the gums to heal after a deep cleaning.
While your mouth is healing, you may experience some bleeding and swelling of the gums..
What not to do after scaling teeth?
Wait at least two hours before eating, and then select a soft diet for the first 48-72 hours, chewing on the opposite side of your mouth. Avoid alcoholic drinks and hot or spicy foods until your gums are healed. Do not use any tobacco products for at least 72 hours after the procedure because tobacco slows healing.
Do gums reattach after deep cleaning?
Can a deep cleaning be done all at once?
Can deep cleanings be done in one visit? Yes, but we do not recommend it. Deep cleaning of the entire mouth in one visit is usually discouraged for three reasons. Anesthetic – If local anesthetic is used to make the procedure painless, treating the entire mouth would require anesthesia of the entire mouth.
Can you heal deep pockets in gums?
The first nonsurgical step usually involves a special cleaning, called "scaling and root planing," to remove plaque and tartar deposits on the tooth and root surfaces. This procedure helps gum tissue to heal and periodontal pockets to shrink. This is sometimes referred to as "periodontal cleaning" or "deep cleaning."
Are deep cleanings worth it?
Do gums heal after scaling?
Teeth scaling and root planning often take more than one dental visit and could require a local anesthetic based on the severity of your chronic periodontal disease and if you have receding gums. Recovery from this outpatient procedure usually only takes a few days but may take longer.
What to expect after scaling?
After scaling and root planing is completed you may experience slight discomfort around the teeth for several days. You may notice some sensitivity to hot and cold (and sometimes sweets) for up to six weeks duration. This is a normal course of healing.
Is rinsing with salt water good for receding gums?
Can scaling damage gums?
Risks. Periodontal scaling can leave the teeth more sensitive to heat and cold if the gum recedes too much after treatment and some of the teeth's root become exposed. The gums may also become tender and swollen.
Does scaling hurt?
During the teeth scaling process, the dentist or dental hygienist numbs the gums and tooth roots using a local anesthetic. Teeth scaling and root planing, however, rarely cause noticeable discomfort.
Is deep scaling painful?
The short answer is no, the procedure is not painful. You will experience discomfort upon completion but the actual process can be completed with the administration of a local anesthetic to the soft tissue to minimize any unpleasant feelings during the process.


What Type of Oil Does a Lawn Mower Take?
Motor Oil Lights
Taking good care of your lawnmower is the first step to having a perfectly working machine for a good long time and a healthier lawn, and it all begins with knowing the right type of oil to use. You might not have changed your lawnmower's oil in a long while, and you are wondering what type of oil to use in your lawnmower so that it will continue to run like new. Depending on the specifications of your lawnmower, you should change the oil after every 20 to 50 hours of usage.
However if you have a small yard, you might only have to change the oil a few times a year. Even though this is not something that is done frequently, it is mandatory that you do it the right way, starting with using a suitable oil for your lawnmower in order to keep it running smoothly.
There are certain types of oil that can be used to operate lawnmowers, but the factors that determine the type of oil to use are the lawnmower's size, type, and capacity. The climate you live in can also make a difference when it is time to adding or replacing oil due to the fact that each lawnmower has a specific temperature range.
 - SAE 30
 - SAE 10W-30
 - VANGUARD 15W-50
SAE 30
The SAE 30 oil is a motor oil that has a viscosity rating of 30, and most motor oils usually have a viscosity rating from 0 to 50. The viscosity of an oil is the measure of how well it pours at a specified temperature. A lower rating signifies a thinner oil, whereas, a higher rating signifies that it is a thicker oil.
Thinner oils work better in cold weather, mostly when trying to start up a car. On the other hand, thicker oils work better at higher temperatures. SAE 30 is a single-grade oil that is thicker than lower grades, and it has a viscosity rating of 30 at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius.
The SAE 30 oil is meant to be used in your small lawnmower. It is not a multi-grade oil that will work well irrespective of the season.
SAE 10W-30
The SAE 10W-30 oil is an oil that has a viscosity rating of 10W at low temperatures (the W stands for winter) and SAE 30 viscosity at high temperatures. These viscosities are relative and standardized numbers; the oil gets thinner when it is hot and not thicker. This is a multi-grade oil that can be used to help protect engines that have a larger temperature swing range.
Multi-grade oils are generally blended oils; the SAE 10W-30 is an example. The 10W part of the oil is associated with the grade of winder oil, and the 30 part of the oil is related to the protection given at hot temperatures.
The Synthetic SAE 5W-30 is an oil that has a viscosity rating of 5W at low temperatures and a viscosity rating of 30 at higher temperatures. As a multi-grade oil, the synthetic SAE 5W-30 is thin enough to flow smoothly at low temperatures and thick enough to work adequately at high temperatures.
A synthetic oil, just like the SAE 5W-30, is an oil that is manufactured in a lab just like a chemical. Semi-synthetic oil is a man-made oil that is blended with natural oils. These semi-synthetic oils and also full synthetic oils are the ones that offer the best protection for your lawnmower; the only downside is that they are very expensive.
The Vanguard 15W-50 oil is an oil that has a viscosity rating of 15W at low temperatures and a viscosity rating of 30 at high temperatures. It is a fully synthetic oil that performs well in different temperatures, and also boasts of reduced oil consumption. Due to its fully synthetic composition, the vanguard 15W-50 offers a high-performance solution, and also has longer life oil when compared to a semi-synthetic oil.
The vanguard oil was manufactured with commercial customers in mind. Even in most of the toughest conditions couples with extensive usage, it has been designed to protect your engine and maximize performance fully.
When to Change Your Lawnmower's Oil?
If you just purchased your lawnmower, then you might need to replace the oil after the first few hours of use. If you have a small engine, then you might need to change the oil after every 25 hours of use, while larger motors can go on for up to 50 hours before you would have to replace the oil.
There are plenty of factors that can raise the frequency of your oil changes, such as severe dust and dirt, frequently mowing wet or muddy grass, rough terrain, or even a hot climate.
All these are conditions that will require your lawnmower to work harder. If your yard is large or if you mow your small yard often ( if you have previously used it for more than 20 hours) then use a dipstick to check your oil level before you use your lawnmower again.
But if you haven't used it for up to 20 hours at the end of a season, then make it a habit to change your oil each spring, before your first use. Additionally, you might want to check your oil filter to see if needs to be cleaned or maybe even changed.
How to Check Your Oil Level?
If you want to check your oil level, then you need to make sure that the engine is cold and on ground level. If you have been using your lawnmower, then you should let it cool for about 10 – 15 minutes before checking to allow the oil to settle.
Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean with a dry cloth, insert the dipstick but do not screw into its seat, then remove it to check the oil level.
Most lawn mowers will have an oil drain plug on the bottom side of the unit. Place a vessel underneath the opening and pull the plug. You may want to use an air compressor to clean the opening and remove any access oil.
With this guide, it should now be a lot easier to know which type of lawnmower oil to use, how to check your oil level, and when to change your lawnmower's oil.


Authenticity analysis of fruit and vegetable juices as well as related products is our key asset.
Generally three kinds of adulturations can be distinguished. The central issue is always an unfair or illegal advantage in comtepition. These are additions of sugars, acids, water and so on, blending with cheaper foreign fruit and the use of illegal technology (B-Juice).
To check for such manipulations we offer all the necessary analysis such as the IFU-Methods for example. Our analysis scope ranges from standard parameters such as glucose, fructose, D-malic acid and sodium to more complex paramters such as the oligosacharide profile (Low-GC), cellobiose or amino acids. Also stable isotope analysis on C12/13 and O16/18 may be usefull. We furthermore perform aroma analysis. This can be analysis of single components, total aroma spectra and chiral separation of enantiomers. Also aroma itself is tested for authenticity. This includes e.g. carriers like PG or triacetin but also BVO (brominated vegetable oil).
For every kind of fruit we have so called GfL packages in which the necessary parameters are defined.These include a lot of specific analysis such as carotinoid fractions, pectins, polyphenols, fruit content estimations and numerous fingerprint methods such as anthocyanins or PMFs.
Crucial point of every report is the interpretation of the results. For this reason the GfL database is an essential tool beside CoP/RSK. Due to our long experience you can be sure to get an expert judgement.
Link: Food Fraud Database
Link: FoodIntegrity
GfL Gesellschaft für Lebensmittel-Forschung mbH
Landgrafenstraße 16
10787 Berlin
Telefon: +49 30 _PHONE_
Fax: +49 30 26392025
© 2017 by GfL Gesellschaft für Lebensmittel-Forschung mbH


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Developments in the understanding of the neurological and functional architectures of phonological short-term memory that took place in the _PHONE_ time period are reviewed. Phonological short-term memory is discussed as a case that illustrates a number of issues shared by other research domains in cognitive neuropsychology, with particular reference to memory systems. Modularity: Phonological short-term memory includes two main components, an input storage system (the phonological short-term store), and an output rehearsal process. These components are functionally connected with other verbal processes and systems, such as visual-verbal short-term memory, phonological recoding (grapheme-to-phoneme conversion), verbal long-term episodic memory, and the lexical systems. Neurological specificity: The store and the rehearsal components of phonological memory are implemented in discrete parts of the left cerebral hemisphere. Both the traditional anatomo-clinical correlation studies in brain-damaged patients, and neuroimaging activation experiments in neurologically unimpaired subjects, have contributed to elucidate the neural basis of the system. Converging operations: A distinctive feature of these advances has been the close interaction and cross-fertilisation among the related domains of cognitive experimental psychology and cognitive neuropsychology, based on observations in adult and child populations, in brain-damaged patients, and in subjects with developmental and genetically based cognitive disorders. Data from these different research areas have converged to specify the structure of phonological short-term memory (the distinction between storage and rehearsal) and its relationships with other memory systems (the long-term learning of novel phonological lexical entries).
Vallar, G. (2006). Memory systems: The case of phonological short-term memory. A festschrift for Cognitive Neuropsychology. COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, 23(1), 135-155.
|Citazione:||Vallar, G. (2006). Memory systems: The case of phonological short-term memory. A festschrift for Cognitive Neuropsychology. COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, 23(1), 135-155.|
|Tipo:||Articolo in rivista - Articolo scientifico|
|Carattere della pubblicazione:||Scientifica|
|Titolo:||Memory systems: The case of phonological short-term memory. A festschrift for Cognitive Neuropsychology|
|Data di pubblicazione:||2006|
|Digital Object Identifier (DOI):||_URL_
|Appare nelle tipologie:||01 - Articolo su rivista|


text: The striped textiles of Yemen were famous throughout the Islamic world. They were made in the resist‑dyed ikat technique to form patterns of arrowheads and diamonds. Inscriptions on Yemeni ikats are often painted, as in this example. Such inscribed textiles were called tiraz, from the Persian word meaning "embroidery." They were produced in tiraz workshops under royal control. Such textiles usually bore inscriptions naming the current ruler or caliph to whom the recipient owed loyalty. Tiraz textiles were presented by rulers as robes of honor at formal ceremonies.


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New additions to the collections of the Government and Heritage Library:
Revolutionary Patriots of Worcester and Somerset Counties Maryland, _PHONE_, by Henry Peden. A research tool for locating Worcester and Somerset County residents who served in the military, rendered material aid to the army or navy, tok the Oath of Allegiance and Fidelity, served in an office or on a town, county or state committee, or in some way contributed and supported the fight for freedom in the Revolutionary War.
The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution with Sketches of Several Distinguished Colored Persons: To Which is Added a Brief Survey of the Condition and Prospects of Colored Americans, by William Nell. This reprint of the original publication from 1855 highlights the service of African Americans in the Revolutionary War and includes an introduction by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
These items will be available to researchers at the Government and Heritage Library or may be borrowed through an interlibrary loan request at your local public library. To view other new library acquisitions, click here.


text:
To rotate elements in a layer :
First, select the Move tool from the Tools panel.
Now select the layer you want to rotate. In this tutorial, we're rotating the square.
Holding Right click around the square, move the cursor in a circle to rotate it.
Pressing the Shift key while rotating allows you to rotate in fixed 15 degree intervals.


text:
, commonly known as the sand lily
or mountain lily
, is the only species in the monotypic genus Leucocrinum
. It is a perennial plant
native to western North America growing to 0.2 meters that flowers in late spring and early summer. The flowers are monoecious
. Early in spring, the waxy-white flowers arise from a cluster of leaves that look much like a tuft of grass. Then, by midsummer, the plant disappears completely from the surface and lies dormant underground through the hottest part of the year. Unlike most lilies, L. montanum
has fleshy finger-like roots instead of a bulb.


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Best Use of Footage in Cinematic Features
The Cinematic Feature category recognises uses of archival footage in feature documentaries or films which are cinematic in ambition and scope but not necessarily limited to traditional cinema releases. They may be feature documentaries that rely on archival footage to drive the narrative or feature fiction that uses archival footage astutely to clarify or enhance the storytelling in an essential way.
The Judges will be looking for examples of work where:
 1. footage is central to the success of the production or it has given it an added value
 2. intelligent use of archival footage has helped the understanding of the topic or illustrated it in a way that words alone could not do
 3. traditional construction or innovative use of footage has managed to portray a topic in a unique way
Judges will also consider any of the following:
 1. has the archive material been widely seen?
 2. what efforts have been made to find new and / or appropriate footage?
 3. what efforts that have been made to ensure that the footage looks as good as possible?
 4. does what is seen on the screen match what the commentary or interviews say?
 5. is the programme's narration factually accurate?
 6. is the use of footage historically accurate?
The criteria are deliberately loose, as submitted productions may be judged in a variety of ways and for a variety of reasons.
Recipient - The award should go to the production team involved, including the Footage Researcher(s), headed by the Director or Producer. Supporting visual material is required. There is a £75(plus VAT) submission fee for this category.


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If interior walls are enclosed (e.g., with drywall) when framing materials and insulation are wet, the trapped moisture can lead to problems for the home. Therefore, it is essential to do the following before enclosing the interior walls:
- Ensure lumber does not exceed 18% moisture content.
- Follow the manufacturer's drying specifications for wet-applied insulation products.
Figure 1 - Wet-Applied Insulation that is Still Drying. The dark spots on this wet-spray cellulose insulation indicate that it is not dry, and it must be allowed to dry completely before the wall is enclosed.
Use a Moisture Meter to Ensure a Low Moisture Content for Framing Materials
If framing materials appear wet, you must test them using a moisture meter. Moisture meters will give you a reliable benchmark to evaluate whether or not the materials can be safely installed in the home.
The most common wet building material is dimensional lumber used for framing. This material usually arrives early at the jobsite and will be exposed to the elements longer than most other building materials. To test the moisture content of wood, you can use a resistance meter.
A resistance moisture meter measures the moisture by sending a small electrical charge through two probes inserted into the lumber. If the wood is wet, the charge will pass easily between the probes; dry wood offers greater resistance and less charge will pass (Curkeet 2011). Some moisture meters have additional features that allow the units to be calibrated for different kinds of wood, but usually at a higher cost. In general you can expect to spend between $500 and $650 on a moisture meter that will be suitable for residential construction (PNNL 2012).
Using a moisture meter to test wood is easy but there are a few key things to remember (Curkeet 2011):
- You must insert the probes at least 1/4 inch into the wood to get an accurate measurement.
- The probes should be inserted parallel, or with the grain of the wood.
- Do not try to test wood on the ends; this will not give an accurate measurement.
- The meter only measures the moisture content between the probes. Although moisture can saturate an entire piece of lumber, it also can only impact a small section; therefore, you should test multiple areas of the wood to ensure the entire piece is dry enough to install and enclose.
If the material has a high moisture content, allow it to dry until it is under the required moisture threshold. Use dehumidifiers, fans, and gentle heat to shorten the drying time and lessen the impact on the construction schedule (EPA 2013).
Figure 2 - Meters for Measuring Moisture in Building Materials. It is important not to enclose the interior of a wall (e.g., with drywall) if a high moisture content is detected in either the framing members or the insulation products.
Follow Manufacturer's Specifications When Drying Wet-Applied Insulation Products
Some insulation products, such as fiberglass batts, are supposed to be dry at all times. However, other products, such as open cell and closed cell spray foam insulations, are wet applied. It is critical to ensure these wet-applied products are fully dried (and cured, if required) before enclosing them. Follow this overall guidance:
- Apply insulation per manufacturer's directions.
- Allow insulation to dry and/or cure according to the manufacturer's specifications. Although this will depend on the type of insulation used, in general allow as much access to airflow as possible for drying. If recommended, a fan can help speed drying times. However, this can impact any curing that may need to occur, so be sure to check with the manufacturer first.


Unfortunately, having fur won't save your fur babies when it comes to your friendly neighborhood blood-sucking bug.
By Brendan Howard
April 28, 2021
You go outside, and you're buzzed by mosquito after mosquito. Maybe you're that person who always gets swarmed. You're constantly slapping them away!
So, how come your dog seems unfazed? Does that mean Buster's not getting bit? No way, say veterinary and parasitology experts. Your dog may not show it, but dogs do get bit by mosquitos right along with us.
Can Dogs Get Mosquito Bites Like We Do?
The big difference between you and your dog in getting mosquito bites is you're more likely to notice them. For whatever reason, many dogs don't seem as bothered. They're not thinking about how these insects are sucking their blood and potentially leaving behind disease and ugly, raised welts.
Your dog's fur isn't much of a deterrent either, says Cassan Pulaski, PhD, acting director of the Parasitology Diagnostic Lab at the University of Georgia Department of Infectious Diseases. A mosquito's proboscis (the pointy, blood-sucking part) can go right past a thick layer of fur. A mosquito may choose to go for more vulnerable parts of a dog, like the ears, nose, mouth, and belly, but bites can happen almost anywhere on a dog.
Signs Your Dog Has a Mosquito Bite
Because a mosquito can bite past your dog's fur, you may never see evidence of a bite. Some dogs, however, just like people, can have a more extreme reaction from their immune system.
"Some can get tons of bites and have no reaction," Pulaski says. "Other dogs get itchy and may develop rashes or redness."
Tennessee veterinarian Gene Maxwell, DVM, says he occasionally sees dogs or cats that spend a lot of time outdoors develop skin lesions on the bridge of their noses or tips and inner surface of the ears.
"We diagnose these pets with mosquito bite hypersensitivity," Maxwell says.
Yellow lab lays happily in long grass during golden hour
Credit: Rrraum / Getty
Types of Diseases Mosquitoes Carry
Bites are annoying, but the big problem is disease that mosquitoes carry: Zika virus, West Nile virus, Chikungunya virus, dengue, and malaria, to name a few. The biggest threat for dogs? Heartworms.
Heartworm disease in your dog is impossible to see at first, as a tiny egg left behind from a mosquito bite grows into a worm that slowly travels through your dog to reach the pulmonary arteries between the heart and lungs. Eventually, heartworms grow large enough to make it difficult for your dog to breathe and for your dog's heart to pump enough to stay alive.
"It's an awful way to die," Pulaski says. "Dogs get fluid in the abdomen because the heart can't pump enough. Organs fail."
Heartworm disease used to be prevalent just in particular areas of the country, but cases have now been seen in every state. Both the American Heartworm Society and the Companion Animal Parasite Council track heartworm or other parasite dangers for your pets. You can even check out forecast maps of parasite problems for your pets.
Veterinarians strongly recommend year-round heartworm preventive medication for dogs. If cost is an issue, Pulaski says there are a variety of options, from once-a-year injectables to monthly pills.
"Dog owners need to talk to their veterinarian about this," she says.
Maxwell agrees: "Heartworm treatment is expensive, long, and difficult." Preventive is cheaper.
How to Treat Mosquito Bites on Dogs
If you're not administering heartworm preventive medicine consistently to your dog, talk to your veterinarian. A mosquito bite means your dog may have been exposed. If your dog is on heartworm preventive and the bite isn't driving your dog crazy with itching, there's probably nothing you need to do.
However, Pulaski says a dog who's "aggressively allergic" and really bothered by bites may need medicine. Because doses are very different for dogs than people when it comes to medicine, check with your veterinarian for the right over-the-counter human medicine or pet-specific medicine to help. For bites you can see, pet-specific or sensitive-skin baby wipes on the bites may soothe the itching a little.
How to Keep Mosquitoes Off Your Dog
The old advice used to be that dawn and dusk were the worst times to be bit by mosquitos, but Cassan says new imported breeds of the bugs bite all day, every day. Here are some ways to keep your yard and dog mosquito-free year-round:
Get rid of standing water.
Mosquitoes lay eggs in standing water. Look for collected water in your front yard and backyard, and get rid of it. If your dog is prone to getting bit and reacting badly, steer clear of watery spots on your hikes.
Fan out.
If your dog sits out on the porch, consider a box fan. Mosquitoes are terrible flyers, and the fan can help to blow them away. Sounds funny, but it works, Pulaski says.
Talk to your veterinarian about pet-safe mosquito repellent.
Dogs react differently to chemicals than people, so it's always good to go for a pet-specific product. Maxwell has recommended the K9 Advantix products for use on dogs.
Use year-round heartworm preventive.
Remember, the worst part of mosquitoes for most pets is the risk of contracting heartworm disease. (That goes for cats too.) Talk to your veterinarian about a heartworm preventive medicine that fits your lifestyle and your budget.
Mosquitoes seem terrible, and they can be. Pulaski just cautions dog owners not to get angry at these blood-suckers. They provide an important role in nature, pollinating plants (like bees) and getting eaten by the birds you love around your backyard.
"It's just a handful of species that are the troublemakers," Pulaski says. If we can cut down on the ones that carry heartworm disease and other terrible illnesses that ravage pets and people, maybe we can all tolerate a little buzzing and biting occasionally.


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Ethics is an essential component of nursing practice. It guides nursing professionals in delivering compassionate, high-quality care, and maintaining professional integrity.
Nursing ethics is a branch of applied ethics that focuses on the moral values, principles, and decision-making processes specific to the nursing profession.
This blog post will explore the principles of nursing ethics, ethical theories, decision-making processes, and how to navigate ethical dilemmas in nursing practice.
Various ethical theories can inform nursing practice.
Some of the most relevant theories include:
Deontology: Deontological ethics focus on duties, rules, and principles. It argues that some actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences. In nursing, deontology can emphasize adhering to professional guidelines and respecting patient autonomy.
Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of actions, seeking to maximize overall happiness and minimize suffering. In nursing, utilitarianism may involve weighing the benefits and harms of treatment options to determine the best course of action for a patient.
Virtue Ethics: Virtue ethics emphasizes the development of moral character and virtues, such as compassion, honesty, and courage. In nursing, this theory can encourage nurses to cultivate virtuous qualities to provide excellent care.
Feminist Ethics: Feminist ethics critiques traditional ethical theories for perpetuating gender-based biases and emphasizes the importance of relationships, care, and empathy in ethical decision-making.
Ethics of Care: Similar to feminist ethics, the ethics of care emphasizes the importance of relationships, empathy, and the responsibility to care for others. In nursing, this approach can encourage a holistic approach to patient care.
Principles of Nursing Ethics
Several ethical principles underpin nursing practice:
Autonomy: Respecting patients' rights to make informed decisions about their healthcare, including the right to refuse treatment.
Beneficence: Acting in the best interests of patients by promoting their well-being and striving to provide the best possible care.
Nonmaleficence: "Do no harm" by avoiding actions that may cause harm or suffering to patients.
Justice: Ensuring fair distribution of resources and providing equal treatment to all patients, regardless of race, gender, socioeconomic status, or other factors.
Fidelity: Maintaining trust and loyalty by honoring commitments and promises made to patients and colleagues.
Veracity: Telling the truth and providing accurate information to patients, even when it is difficult.
Privacy and Confidentiality: Protecting patients' personal information and respecting their privacy.
Ethical Decision-Making Process in Nursing
Nurses frequently encounter ethical dilemmas in their practice. A systematic decision-making process can help navigate these challenges:
- Identifying Ethical Issues: Recognize situations that involve moral values or principles.
- Gathering Information: Collect relevant facts and perspectives from patients, families, and colleagues.
- Evaluating Options: Analyze potential actions and their consequences based on ethical principles and theories.
- Making and Implementing Decisions: Choose the most ethically appropriate option and carry it out.
- Reflecting on the Outcome: Assess the results of the decision and consider potential improvements for future ethical dilemmas.
Common Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing
Nurses may face various ethical dilemmas, including:
End-of-Life Decisions: Balancing the patient's autonomy, quality of life, and potential for recovery in decisions regarding life-sustaining treatments.
Informed Consent: Ensuring patients have the necessary information to make informed decisions about their care.
Resource Allocation: Distributing limited resources fairly among patients.
Patient Confidentiality: Navigating situations where maintaining confidentiality may conflict with the well-being of the patient or others.
Cultural Competence: Respecting diverse cultural beliefs and practices while providing appropriate care.
The Role of Nursing Codes of Ethics
Professional nursing organizations have established codes of ethics to guide nursing practice:
International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics: A global code that outlines ethical standards and responsibilities for nurses worldwide.
American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics: A comprehensive framework for ethical nursing practice in the United States.
Other National Codes of Ethics: Many countries have their own nursing codes of ethics, reflecting local cultural values and legal frameworks.
Developing Ethical Competence in Nursing
Nurses can enhance their ethical competence through:
Incorporating ethics courses and training into nursing education and continuing professional development.
Ethics Committees and Consultations: Participating in hospital ethics committees or seeking guidance from ethics consultants to address complex ethical dilemmas.
Role Modeling and Mentorship: Learning from experienced nurses who demonstrate ethical practice and providing guidance to less experienced colleagues.
Case Studies and Simulations
Case studies and simulations can be a valuable tool for developing ethical competence. By examining real-life scenarios and discussing potential solutions, nurses can apply ethical principles and theories to practice.
These activities encourage critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration, all essential skills for navigating ethical dilemmas in the nursing profession.
Reflective practice involves examining one's actions, thoughts, and emotions to gain a deeper understanding of ethical issues and decision-making processes.
Nurses can engage in reflective practice by journaling, participating in peer discussions, or seeking feedback from mentors and supervisors.
This process can help nurses identify areas for improvement, recognize personal biases, and develop strategies for addressing ethical challenges.
Ethics Committees and Consultations
Participating in hospital ethics committees or seeking guidance from ethics consultants can help nurses build their ethical competence.
These committees often review complex ethical cases, develop institutional policies, and provide education and support to healthcare professionals.
By engaging with ethics committees, nurses can gain exposure to diverse perspectives and learn from the experiences of colleagues and experts.
Role Modeling and Mentorship
Learning from experienced nurses who demonstrate ethical practice is an invaluable way to develop ethical competence.
Role models can provide guidance, share insights, and offer constructive feedback to help less experienced nurses navigate ethical dilemmas.
Similarly, mentoring less experienced colleagues can also reinforce one's understanding of ethical principles and promote a culture of ethical practice within the nursing profession.
Professional Development Workshops and Conferences
Attending workshops, conferences, and seminars focused on nursing ethics can help nurses expand their knowledge and skills.
These events often feature expert speakers, panel discussions, and interactive workshops, providing opportunities for networking, collaboration, and learning from diverse perspectives.
Nurses can take the initiative to engage in self-directed learning to enhance their ethical competence. This can involve reading books, articles, and research papers on nursing ethics, as well as engaging in online courses, webinars, and podcasts.
Self-directed learning enables nurses to explore topics of interest and stay current with emerging ethical issues and best practices.
The Importance of Advocacy in Nursing Ethics
Nursing advocacy involves standing up for patients' rights and well-being, ensuring their needs are met, and promoting social justice.
Advocacy is a critical aspect of ethical nursing practice, as it empowers nurses to address systemic issues and support vulnerable populations.
Addressing Moral Distress in Nursing
Moral distress occurs when nurses are unable to act according to their ethical beliefs due to external constraints, such as institutional policies or resource limitations.
Addressing moral distress involves recognizing its signs, seeking support from colleagues and supervisors, and advocating for changes that enable ethical practice.
Nursing ethics is a crucial aspect of professional nursing practice, as it guides nurses in delivering high-quality, compassionate care and navigating complex ethical dilemmas.
By understanding ethical theories, principles, and decision-making processes, nurses can strengthen their ethical competence and uphold the highest standards of integrity in their practice.


Posts Tagged: aluminum cans
Beer Cans Solidified Americans' Recycling Habit
In the United States, citizens do their share and recycle a lot - literally tons. Americans recycled 135 million tons of their waste in 2012 and 0.7 million tons of that recycling was aluminum. This metal is one of the easiest and fastest materials to recycle as well as one of the earliest items recycled in our modern recycling era. Recycling is the system of ... Read more