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The biologists glued pinky-nail sized radio transmitters to five of the mouse-sized bats to track the tiny animals from White County, Tennessee. They expected the bats to fly north into the heart of their usual habitat, but one flew 150 miles south to a "maternity colony" -- a birthing place for bats -- in a dead loblolly pine tree in the lowlands of Shoal Creek in Talladega National Forest.
The Indiana bat maternity colony in Shoal Creek was the first and only of its kind to be discovered in Alabama, said Johnathan Stober, a wildlife biologist at the Shoal Creek Ranger District. It's the farthest south a colony has been found, he said.
The bats were first discovered in Indiana, where about 50 percent of the roughly 400,000 remaining Indiana bats now live. They hibernate in caves in the winter and disperse in the spring when the females go to maternity colonies where they stay for the summer to give birth to a pup, said Lori Pruitt, Indiana bat recovery coordinator for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
"They are very difficult to find," Pruitt said, adding that there may be more in Alabama. "I think it probably is likely that there are other ones, and they're just hard to find."
She said wildlife biologists believe they have discovered 10 percent of the bat's maternity colonies. In Indiana, the colonies are usually located in dead hardwood trees where the bats find shelter beneath loose flakes of bark.
The colony in Shoal Creek is a little different than those typical in Indiana. Here the bats have made a home of the loblolly pine and instead of living behind flakes of loose bark, they've made homes in old woodpecker nests inside the dead tree, Stober said. He estimates that roughly 30 of the endangered bats are living there this summer.
Though the bats are most abundant in Indiana, they are also found across parts of the eastern United States. They likely numbered in the millions before the country was settled by Europeans, Pruitt said.
Their numbers began to decline at the turn of the century when their winter habitats were disrupted as cave exploration became popular, she said. Their summer habitats were also reduced as farmers cut down woodland to make more room for their crops, she said.
Tracking the bats to Alabama from Tennessee was no easy task. The Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency, The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Copperhead Environmental Consulting, a company that helps track bats, joined to help complete the task.
After tacking the tracking devices on the bats with surgical glue, scientists with the environmental consulting company began tracking them in flight. Scientists believe two of the bats returned to the cave, they lost track of one of the bats and the other two bats flew south. One went to Georgia and the other to the maternity colony in south Alabama.
It took two teams to track the bats to their respective locations. Each team consisted of four members, two of whom flew in a plane above the animals and two of whom drove in a car beneath them.
The two people in the plane tracked the animal with the help of a radio receiver while communicating to the two-person team on the ground via walkie-talkies. To ensure the plane didn't fly out of reach of the radio transmitter, the pilots flew in circles above the slower-moving bats until they reach their destination.
By mid-April one of the tiny bats had settled in the loblolly in Shoal Creek Ranger District. It may have led scientists to discover more than a bat-laden tree in the forest floor, it may have led them to discover more significant things about the life and habits of the bat, biologists said.
"It may be a movement," Pruitt said. "It could potentially be that there is some kind of change going on."
Staff Writer Laura Johnson: _PHONE_. On Twitter@LJohnson_Star.


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This webpage displays some of my results for the Brown University CS 1430: Introduction to Computer Vision Hybrid Images Project. Hybrid images are static images that appear to be two different images wen viewed from far away and close up. In a hybrid image, the high frequencies of one image are blended with the low frequencies of another image. The human eye blurs very high frequencies in order to avoid aliasing of the information. This means that from far away, the eye can only see the low frequencies, whereas in close proximity, the high frequencies dominate the visual allocation of resources in the visual system. This leads to the illusion that there are two different images when you are standing at different distances
I formed the images using a combination of Gaussian and Laplacian pyramids. I first constructed the pyramids for both images by using a Gaussian filter, downsampling the image by 2, and subtracting the Gaussian image from the "original" image at that level of the pyramid in order to obtain the Laplacian image for that level. I iterated through this N times. This resulted in a Gaussian pyramid of size N+1 and a Laplacian pyramid of size N. Then, I started with the smallest (blurriest) of the Gaussian images from the low frequency image on level N. With this image I upsampled, blurred and added the Laplacian of the low frequency image. I repeated these steps until hitting the first cutoff frequency. When I hit the second cutoff frequency, I started adding the Laplacian of the high frequency image. Depending on the cutoff frequencies, this sometimes led to an overlap when two Laplacian pyramids were being added. The combination of these steps resulted in the hybrid image.
|A brown bear in the wild....or is it?|
|President Ruth Simmons!?|
|She has so much love for Brown that sometimes she morphs into a Brown Bear on the weekends when she goes out on the town.|
|(When you look at the large image from a great distance, it looks really cool, but you have to be very far away.)|

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Stanford University physics professor Andrei Linde theorized the cosmic inflation theory 30 years ago that explains the first moments of the Big Bang. Professor Chao-Lin Kuo and his colleagues have just recently proven, with 99.99% certainty, that the...
- Mastering the Art of Passion
- Essential Habits to Achieve Progress
- Core Values: Your Life Back On Track
- About Mindfulness and Human Potential
- Even the Busiest People Take a Break
- Time to Redesign Your Life
- Persistence and Leadership Go Together
- Are You Doing What You Love?
- The Amazing Power of Visualizing Success
- The Importance Of Self-Love in Success

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial to understand how particles grow in the atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding of nano-particle growth under atmospheric conditions. Here we study nano-particle growth in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from the formation of molecular clusters. We present measured growth rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant concentrations of sulphuric acid, water, ammonia and dimethylamine. We find that atmospheric ions and small acid-base clusters, which are not generally accounted for in the measurement of sulphuric acid vapour, can participate in the growth process, leading to enhanced growth rates. The availability of compounds capable of stabilizing sulphuric acid clusters governs the magnitude of these effects and thus the exact growth mechanism. We bring these observations into a coherent framework and discuss their significance in the atmosphere.
Press talking about this article:
University of Helsinki website: AEROSOLIHIUKKASTEN NOPEA KASVU LABORATORIO-OLOSUHTEISSA YLLÄTTI TUTKIJAT


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The Bee Miraculous is a magical jewel wielded by the superhero Queen Bee and an item featured in the animated series Miraculous: Tales of Ladybug & Cat Noir.
The Bee Miraculous is connected to the kwami Pollen and has been worn by many for years. Whenever Pollen goes inside, it transforms the holder into a bee-themed superhero. Its special weapon is a spinning top, which can be utilized a weapon. Its special superpower is called Venom, giving the user the ability to immobilize any target.
The jewel was temporarily used by Chloé Bourgeois, a student in Miss Bustier's class at Collège Françoise Dupont in Paris, France.
Powers and Abilities
- Transformation: It can transform the holder into a bee-themed superhero.
- Speed: The holder runs and moves at a superhuman speed.
- Endurance: The holder can endure any attacks.
- Strength: The holder gets a superhuman strength.
- Venom: A superpower used to immobilizes the target.
- It is the first and only Miraculous to be destroyed (but recreated shortly after) shown thus far. Also it's the only Miraculous to be akumatized.


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- Metal bearing structure made from tubular steel and striated carbon steel sheets
- Built-in normal step type or ladder type access stairs with rear protection, in situations where the operator has no control to activate from above the metal structure
- Supporting legs with slab base to attach to the flooring
- Reinforcements / Struts placed between the supporting legs and the platform structure
- Railing with walkway, sliding railing section available on request.
- Aisi 304 carbon steel or stainless steel storage tanks with 2 or 3 support trusses depending on the dimensions, complete with convex bottom, flat or convex lid, predisposition for loading pipes.
- Convex or flat tank lids, with crawlspace, pre-set to install slow ratio-motors sized according to the storage tank capacity
- Loading pipes of the storage tanks made from zinc-plated steel or stainless steel
- Manual on-off ball valves to discharge storage tanks
- Floor level scale of 1000 or 2000 Kg. for coarse dosage.
PERSONALISATION OF THE SYSTEM
The STORAGE SYSTEM is made according to all the variables indicated below.
- Number and capacity of storage tanks
- Number of storage tanks that must have a slow mixer and sizing of the ratio-motors depending on the capacity of the tanks
- Revolving mixing paddles sized according to the tanks
- Spiders sized according to the size of the reduction gear
- Sizing of the load bearing structure according to the choices made in the previous points
- Power boards to operate the slow ratio-motors
- Tank loading pumps that can be diaphragm pneumatic or positive-displacement, reversible, self-priming, swash-plate, operated by electric motor
- Power boards to operate the loading motor pumps
TIPOLOGY OF EXTRACTION
The valves installed at the end of the discharge pipe can be of different types according to the type of extraction intended.
The valves can be:
- Manual with the use of a mechanical scale with round dial and hands, for manual dosage
- Nnormal or ADPE electro-pneumatic, depending on the situation, for extraction handled by an electronic scale or by a cell load weighing system
- Anti-drip double dosage (coarse or fine) normal or ADPE electro-pneumatic, in the persistent quest for more precise dosing, handled by an electronic scale or cell load weighing system
In the event of introducing formulations that mean extracting and dosing different components stored inside the tanks of the storage system, it is possible to provide for the use of a PLC (Programmable logic Controller) and a Personal Computer to support the solenoid valves and the weighing system.
All the operative electric commands of the storage system and relative gauges are installed in special power boards placed on the bearing legs of the metal structure, so access to the upper section of the storage system is only necessary for normal and extraordinary maintenance. The pneumatic controls are manual and can be operated on the bodies of the pneumatic diaphragm pumps.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
The storage system is not a continuous cycle machine that always has to be working. In fact, the internal stirring of the products stored in the tank or their recycling, for products without special problems, is advisable only before beginning extraction, both manual and automatic.
Therefore, the energy consumption refers to the single functions each time the machine operates and we repeat that these are completely unaffected by each other.
- The mixing times of the products before extraction are strictly connected to the type of product stored inside the tanks
- Reduced noise and in any case within the legal limits
- Commands easily accessible from floor zone, without forcing the operator to climb the metal structure to operate the system
- Easy access to the inside of the tanks via the standard crawlspaces for cleaning and/or maintenance of the scraping paddles and the mixing boards.
The storage system or dye-o-metre can come with the following components:
- Ball cock shutdown system of the extraction pump that stops both the electric and the pneumatic pump in the event that the maximum allowed level is reached during the phases of tank loading
- Pipes with recycling pump to move the stored products in the tank in the absence of slow mixers
- Tanks suited to being empty
- Straight or corner shelf type metal structure with superimposed tanks to be placed side by side against the wall in order to reduce the floor space used as much as possible.


Pen Debugging
Shake Shake Shake
Having troubles writing? Cap your pen and try shaking it! We've found that mixing up the ink and disturbing any settling cures many errant writing problems.
The Circuit Scribe is a lot like a regular rollerball pen. Sometimes the tip clogs up, or it dries out if you leave the cap off too long. We also have some special considerations because the ink's conductive material – silver – is so dense. We address some of these issues in this document.
1) Clogged Tip
This could happen if the large silver particles used as the conductive material in the ink jam inside the pen tip. The best way to break a clog is to tap the side of the pen on a hard surface, like the edge of the table, and try writing again.
2) Dried Tip
This can happen if the cap is left off. If it's just a dried chunk of ink on the outside of the tip, you can scribble with Circuit Scribe until it starts working. If the ink inside the tip cavity is also dried up, write with the pen on a damp paper towel.
3) Silver Settling
The ink is mainly composed of silver and water. Since silver is much more dense (10x!!) than water, it is normal for the silver particles to sink to the bottom of the ink reservoir. Depending on how you store your pen, it can take on a few appearances:
If the pen is tip-down, the particles will settle towards the tip, leaving a clear fluid above. The pen should work normally, but eventually the ink will have less and less silver in it until it's not conductive anymore. If the ink is settled this way, agitate the pen or store it tip-up until the silver concentration has evened out again.
If you store the pen on its side, the ink reservoir will look like it's split in two half cylinders – a silver half and a clear half. The pen should work normally, but if you don't like the way this looks, you can agitate the pen or store it on the opposite side for a while so the particles settle in the other direction.
4) Pen Leaking
A leaking pen is uncommon, but unfortunately it does happen sometimes. You've probably noticed that most pens have a clear gelatinous plug on top of the ink reservoir. Ours has this too. It keeps ink from spilling out the backside of the ink tube. However, all ink pens will leak if you break the gel plug by shaking the pen upside down. Since our tube diameter is wide and Circuit Scribe ink is quite dense, it's a bit easier to break our gel plug than the plugs in other pens.
Try to be gentle with Circuit Scribe. But if it does leak, you can take action. Be sure to wipe the outside of the pen with a damp paper towel and wash your hands with soap and water. You can continue using Circuit Scribe, but be mindful of future leaks.
If your pen arrives leaking, please contact us -- we will replace it. If leaking happens over time, you may need to purchase a new Circuit Scribe.
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Here's How To Know It's Time To Switch Things Up In Your Workout Routine
When you get in the swing of a consistent workout routine, and you're absolutely killin' the game during your sweat sessions, it can be easy to forget that variety is the spice of life, and that it's actually good for you to change things up every once in a while. You've probably heard it's important to switch up your fitness routine every now and then to avoid getting into a slump, and to maintain that motivation to move your body. But then, the question becomes, when you should switch up your workout — every couple of weeks? Every month? Is there even a timeline that's set in stone? Must. Have. Answers.
According to Shape, if you want to reach all of your fitness goals, and avoid getting bored AF in the gym, you should be changing up your fitness regimen all the time. However, there's no specific timeline that'll apply to every single person, or every single workout routine — sorry, fam. Some people might enjoy doing different workouts every other day, while others might go an entire month with the same routine before they experiment with something new.
The most important thing is to stay in-tune with your body, and take note of the signals it's giving you that it's time to switch things up during your sweat sesh.
One of the tell-tale signs that you should consider making some changes to your typical workouts, is that you're no longer seeing progress. Fitness instructor Trish DaCosta told Bustle that progress in a workout routine comes in many forms, including muscle definition, increased energy, faster recovery time, a quicker pace, or stronger lifts, depending on what it is, exactly, you're doing during your sweat sessions. If your body starts feeling sluggish, fatigued, or it's taking you longer than usual to recover in between workouts, a change of pace might be what you need.
Another way your body might be giving you that little nudge to switch things up, is if you feel muscularly imbalanced. By that, I mean, for example, maybe you can do jump squats for days without losing much steam, but you can't do a single push-up, like, ever, even if your life depended on it.
According to SELF, variety and cross-training are key to a physically equal, balanced, and motivating workout routine. Sure, you might absolutely love hitting up the treadmill and squat rack on the reg, but if one of your goals is to get stronger arms, or do a certain amount of pull-ups, making sure you target additional muscle groups to balance out your upper and lower body strength will keep things fresh, and make you feel more powerful overall.
So, if you've decided to give your brain and body a brand new fitness challenge, how exactly do you go about switching things up, if you're not sure where to start?
It can be intimidating to make a change if you're used to and comfortable with your go-to workouts, but it's not impossible.
For starters, you can try increasing or decreasing the intensity of your workout sessions for a little while — you know, if you're obsessed with high-intensity interval training and hardcore bootcamps, maybe try taking a leisurely stroll outdoors a couple times a week, instead. And, if you're all about that low-intensity life, throw in some sweaty ab circuits or sprints every now and then. Little changes, people. Little changes.
You can also set a new goal, add a new move you've never tried before (plank variations, anyone?), or mix around the days you work certain muscle groups to throw your body a little curveball.
If you're still feeling kind of lost, or in a rut, consider trying out a few local fitness studios or yoga classes in your area with a friend. The change of pace will feel so refreshing for your muscles, and you'll be sure to enjoy a newfound sense of balance and motivation in no time.


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Classic Crunchy (1kg)
- Ingredients: Roasted peanuts, sugar, salt, emulsifier (E417)
- Benefits: Butterio's classic crunchy peanut butter helps in controlling bad cholesterol and boosts up good cholesterol. It is 100% vegan. Most suitable for gym freaks and health-conscious geeks. The crunchy peanuts give a perfect texture and there are no additives.
- Expiry: Shelf Life is 14 months after the date of manufacturing.
- Direction for use: Oil separation is a natural process, so stir well before use.
Hazelnut Spread (500g)
- Ingredients:: Milk solids, Cocoa solids, Edible Vegetable Oil (palm), Hydrogenated Vegetable Fat ( palm oil and sesame oil), Sugar, Antioxidant 322(i), Edible Common Salt, Hazelnut (13%)
- Benefits: Butterio's hazelnut chocolate spread maintains blood pressure and helps in digestion.
- Usage: Hazelnut spread can be consumed in multiple ways to eat hazelnut spread – cake, brownies, smoothies, bread, and much more.
- Expiry: Shelf Life is 12 months after the date of manufacturing.


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Document Type : Research Paper
School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
Background: The utilization of methane for production of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) not only cuts the emissions of greenhouse gases but also greatly reduces PHB production cost.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of gas-phase conditions on PHB production by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b.
Materials and Methods: Bacterial cultivation and PHB production were conducted in a series of sealed serum bottles. Nitrogen-free mineral salts medium was used to induce PHB production in the presence or absence of N2 in the headspace.
Results: In the absence of N2, the highest PHB content (i.e., 52.9% of the dry cell weight with a PHB concentration of 814.3 mg.L-1) was obtained at a ratio of CH4:O2=2:1. Further study at different O2 concentrations with a fixed CH4 partial pressure in absence of N2 showed that PHB accumulation by methanotroph could be tolerated high oxygen partial pressure and its respond to the variation of the oxygen concentration depends on the methane partial pressure. In presence of N2, with headspace gas replenished only when oxygen was almost depleted, the degradation of intracellular PHB has appeared. In the regimen of updating headspace gas at the point when the PHB content began to decrease, the highest PHB content (i.e., 55.5% of the dry cell weight with 901.8 mg.L-1 PHB concentration and 12.5 mg.L-1.h-1PHB productivity) was obtained at 0.2 atm O2 and PHB accumulation was depressed with an oxygen concentration greater than 0.3 atm.
Conclusions: The methanotroph responses differentially to the increase in the oxygen partial pressure with regard to PHB accumulation either in the presence or in the absence of N2.


enter on your keyboard). This works great with GPS, because each GPS NMEA sentence is terminated with a newline. For more information on how to use pyserial, look here.
You might realize that there are three communication channels being used:
 1. ser.write – writes or transmitts data out of the serial port
 2. – reads or receives data from the serial port
 3. print – prints to the console window
Just be aware that 'print' does not mean print out to the serial port, it prints to the console window.
Notice, we don't define the type of variables (i.e. int i = 0). This is because Python treats all variables like strings, which makes parsing text/data very easy. If you need to make calculations, you will need to type cast your variables as floats. An example of this is in the GPS tracking section below.
Now try to run the script by typing (remember you need to be working out of the directory of the file):
This script will open a port and display the port number, then wait for you to enter a string followed by the enter key. If the loopback was successful, you should see what you sent and the program should end with a Python prompt >>>.
To close the window after successfully running, hit Ctrl + c.
Congratulations! You have just made yourself a very simple serial terminal program that can transmit and receive data!
Read a GPS and plot position with Python
Now that we know how to run a python script and open a serial port, there are many things you can do to create computer applications that communicate with embedded hardware. In this example, I am going to show you a program that reads GPS data over a serial port, saves the data to a txt file; then the data is read from the txt file, parsed, and plotted on a map.
There are a few steps that need to be followed in order for this program to work.Install the modules in the order below.
Install modules
Use the same module installation process as above or find an executable package.
The above process worked for me on my W7 machine, but I had to do some extra steps to get it to work on Ubuntu. Same might be said about Macs. With Ubuntu, you will need to completely clean your system of numpy, then build the source for numpy and matplotlib separately, so that you don't mess up all of the dependencies. Here is the process I used for Ubuntu.
Once you have all of these modules installed without errors, you can download my project from github and run the program with a pre-loaded map and GPS NMEA data to see how it works:
Or you can proceed and create your own map and GPS NMEA data.
Select a map
Any map image will work, all you need to know are the bottom left and top right coordinates of the image. The map I used was a screen shot from Google Earth. I set placemarks at each corner and noted the latitude and longitude of each corner. Be sure to use decimal degrees coordinates.
Then I cropped the image around the two points using gimp. The more accurate you crop the image the more accurate your tracking will be. Save the image as 'map.png' and keep it to the side for now.
Hardware Setup
The hardware for this example includes a FTDI Basic and any NMEA capable GPS unit.
EM-406 GPS connected to a FTDI Basic
For the connections, all you need to do is power the GPS with the FTDI basic (3.3V or 5V and GND), then connect the TX pin of the GPS to the RX pin on the FTDI Basic.
It is probably best to allow the GPS to get a lock by leaving it powered for a few minutes before running the program. If the GPS doesn't have a lock when you run the program, the maps will not be generated and you will see the raw NMEA data streaming in the console window. If you don't have a GPS connected and you try to run the program, you will get out-of-bound errors from the parsing. You can verify your GPS is working correctly by opening a serial terminal program.
Run the program
Here is the main GPS tracking program file:
Save the python script into a folder and drop your map.png file along side Here is what your program directory should look like if you have a GPS connected:
The nmea.txt file will automatically be created if you have your GPS connected. If you don't have a GPS connected and you already have NMEA sentences to be displayed, create a file called 'nmea.txt' and drop the data into the file.
Now open, we will need to edit some variables, so that your map image will scale correctly.
Edit these variables specific to the top right and bottom left corners of your map. Don't forget to use decimal degree units!
_TAG_ these values based on your location and map, lat and long are in decimal degrees
TRX = -_PHONE_ _TAG_ right longitude
TRY = 40.0868 _TAG_ right latitude
BLX = -_PHONE_ _TAG_ left longitude
BLY = 40.0010 _TAG_ left latitude
Run the program by typing:
The program starts by getting some information from the user.
You will select to either run the program with a GPS device connected or you can load your own GPS NMEA sentences into a file called nmea.txt. Since you have your GPS connected, you will select your COM port and be presented with two mapping options: a position map…
…or an altitude map.
Once you open the serial port to your GPS, the nmea.txt file will automatically be created and raw GPS NMEA data, specifically GPGGA sentences, will be logged in a private thread. When you make a map selection, the nmea.txt file is copied into a file called temp.txt, which is parsed for latitude and longitude (or altitude). The temp.txt file is created to parse the data so that we don't corrupt or happen to change the main nmea.txt log file.
The maps are generated in their own windows with options to save, zoom, and hover your mouse over points to get fine grain x,y coordinates.
Also, the maps don't refresh automatically, so as your GPS logs data, you will need to close the map window and run the map generation commands to get new data. If you close the entire Python program, the logging to nmea.txt halts.
This program isn't finished by any means. I found myself constantly wanting to add features and fix bugs. I binged on Python for a weekend, simply because there are so many modules to work with: GUI tools, interfacing to the web, etc. It is seriously addicting. If you have any modifications or suggestions, please feel free to leave them in the comments below. Thanks for reading!
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Reducing Costs and Energy in Aerospace Manufacturing
Conventional manufacturing processes for aircraft engine parts is very costly and requires a significant amount of energy, but new technologies are being researched in order to find ways to reduce the environmental impact of aerospace manufacturing.
In partnership with Pratt & Whitney Canada, Dr. Corbin, a researcher from Dalhousie University, will investigate two metallurgical processes (brazing and sintering) capable of developing a net shape manufacturing method using less material. Advanced thermal analysis tools will be used to gain detailed insight into the brazing and sintering processes to optimize these methods.
"We want to develop new ways to make these super alloy engine parts at lower costs through the use of less material and less energy and therefore making less of an environmental impact," says Dr. Stephen Corbin.
This research into advanced materials processing will lead to better manufacturing methods that will revolutionize how aircraft engine parts are made. These new processes are expected to reduce the cost of manufacturing, reduce the industry's environmental footprint, and become beneficial to Canada's economy.
One goal of the Chair is to further develop highly qualified personnel, which is essential to keeping the industry healthy in Canada. The Chair will provide graduate students with a unique opportunity to work closely with Pratt & Whitney Canada to better understand the relationship between basic science and application in an engineering manufacturing environment.
"The state-of-the-art facilities accessible through this research program provide a unique training experience for Dr. Corbin's students, as they work to address challenges currently being faced by aerospace companies," says Suzanne Fortier, president of NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council).
The NSERC-IRC is a five-year renewable program that promotes the advancement of emerging or established engineering research fields that benefit Canadian industry.


. In such societies, women were considered to be frail and were expected to be submissive to men, a prize of war for victors, and their main role was to support their husbands. However, in many tragedies, women were often depicted as major characters, inkling that women may not have been the weak the submissive characters as they were thought to be. Many well-known Greek plays contained several well-written, complex, and heroic female characters. Each female character took upon herself, the role of villain, the role of victim, and the role of heroine. The tragedies also revealed the problems women encountered in this era within marriage, inheritance and social life when they attempted to break out of their traditional gender roles. Clytemnestra, daughter of Leda and Tyndareus, was probably one of the most recognizable female villains in history due to her partaking in the murder of her husband Agamemnon and his female consort, Cassandra.. in the play Agamemnon by Aeschylus, she was depicted as brutal, treacherous, and cunning woman. Her speeches made the citizens and the audiences to be well-aware of how she would welcome her husband home. "Let there spring up into the house he never hoped To see, where justice leads him in, a crimson path. In all things...
Words: 2094 - Pages: 9
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...Comparing the Women in Greek Tragedies If I compare "Jocasta" of Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus with "Clytemnestra" and "Helen" of Aeschylus' Agamemnon and "Electra" of Euripides' Electra, I see their roles as black and white. There is a great contrast between their characters and the roles they play in these tragedies. "Jocasta" seems to represent the typical Patriarchal society where men tend to dominate and women play a passive role. She does play a passive role in Oedipus Tyrannus as she is the queen who must marry whoever becomes the king. Oedipus was able to solve the riddle of Sphinx and was offered to marry Jocasta by the Theban elders. As an embodiment of the patriarchal values, she remains under the control of her husband, Oedipus. Jocasta is a typical woman with fairly ordinary desires of a queen. She wanted to raise a family and revel in its pleasures. She was happy and contented when she married Oedipus and he was able to provide her with four children. She does love him, prays for his well being, tries to pacify him while he is in great conflicts but her suggestions and advises are not given much priority by Oedipus. Oedipus keeps on investigating about Laius' murder and his own parentage even when Jocasta expresses her distrust regarding the prophecies and advises him not to go into the depth of the things. She tries her best to stop Oedipus from seeking the truth but she is not paid any heed by Oedipus and he continues with his inquires.......
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...LAW OF TORTS, MV ACCIDENT AND CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS II AMBIKA NEGI PRN NO- _PHONE_ BA LLB (A) ROLL NO- 35 UNDER THE GUIDANCE MRS. M. V. CHANDRAMATHI Symbiosis Law School, Hyderabad Symbiosis International University, Pune CERTIFICATE The Project entitled- 'Compensation to the motor vehicle victimslegislative and judicial approach" submitted to the Symbiosis Law School, Hyderabad for Law of Torts, MV Accident and Consumer Protection Laws II as part of internal assessment is based on my original work carried out under the guidance of Mrs. M.V. CHANDRAMATHI. The research work has not been submitted elsewhere for award of any degree. The material borrowed from other sources and incorporated in the thesis has been duly acknowledged. I understand that I myself could be held responsible and accountable for plagiarism, if any, detected later on. Signature of the candidate Date: 14 August 2015 INDEX S.NO | PARTICULARS | PAGE NO. | 1. | TITLE PAGE | 01 | 2. | CERTIFICATE | 02 | 3. | ABOUT THE PROJECT | 04-08 | 4. | BIBLIOGRAPHY | 09 | Compensation to motor vehicles victims – legislative and judiciary approach. In order to give effective rights to the person injured or expired in an accident, Fatal Accidents Act, 1885 was enacted in India. This Act provided only a procedure and...
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Women and Femininity in Medea
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History of Early Greek Drama (Not Edited)
...History of Early Greek Drama Typically all humans enjoy a good laugh. After all, "Laughter improves the function of blood vessels and increases blood flow, which can help protect you against a heart attack and other cardiovascular problems" (Smith). The attention of a human being is automatically grasped when it comes to dramatic and comedic situations. It is almost like the human brain has an on and off switched that is flipped on when drama is involved; or when something is funny. "Ancient greeks from the 5th century BC onwards were fascinated by the wuestion of the origins of tragedy and comedy" (Saskia). During the time origin of Athens greek theatre was still on the rise. Greek theater was in a way a celebration to honor the Greek Gods. "A Greek God, Dionysus, was honored with a festival called [by] 'City Dionysia'" (Greece). At the Dionysus festival in athens there were three main people todirect and perform ech play. Usually the author of a play would be one of the cast members. There were three well known Greek tragedy play writers in the 5th century. A man by the name of Aeschylus was one of the manificent writers. "Aeschylus was the first of the 3 renowned prize-winning Greek writers of tragedy" (Gill). Because only three people were allowed to participate in a single play, Aeschylus acted in most of the plays he wrote. When Aeschylus died, it was allowed to replay his plays. The reason replying Aeshylus's plays was because "…during the Classical perios, each......
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...politics of greek tragedy ⁃ poets are considered as teachers (2) ⁃ good poetry could save the city, bad poetry could destroy it (4) ⁃ addressed towards the citizens of athens ⁃ political would be refereed as concern with human beings as part of a community according to Macleod (64) ⁃ A tragedy can thus be said to be more political the more it's male characters are engaged in the public life of the city. same goes for women ⁃ tragedies can be political in different ways ⁃ exercise of political power is one way which puts the head of the household of having power (example of this is on page 69) ⁃ issues of justice, is another form of different tragedies. judicial authority of court laws come into play. ⁃ Third different form of political drama is the life of the polis on a more personal level for its original audience members. Tragedy was understood to teach greeks to be good citizens. There are a few problems that derive from this. Free-born men in tragedies are usually kings and princes, Tragic heroes are heroic and elevated in character and they usually suffer from dreadful acts. ⁃ Lessons that are learned from tragic heroes are not to follow in their path because they do die. ⁃ any attempt to separate the domestic and the political in tragedy must be artificial (71) ⁃ the polis can be defined as both as a physical space and as the sum of its citizens (73) ⁃ the use of tragic space reflects the popular political assumptions of the ancient......
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...Greek Theater -----Theater began from myth,ritual and ceremony Western Classical Plays/Opera ------Thearter means "place of seeing" Ancient theater A.Greek theater began in ancient Greece. It began around 77 b.c., with festivals honoring their many gods The three well known Greek Tragedy playwrights 1.sophocles 2.europides 3.aeschylus The three types of drama 1. Tragedy – serious play with sad ending 2. Comedy – light and amusing play with happy ending 3. Satyr playcomic play of Ancient Greece burlesquing a mythological subject and having a chorus representing satyr(forests god in greek mythology who have faces and bodies like men and ears, legs,and tails like goat Tragedy - a compound of two Geek words "tragos" or "goat" and (ode) "meaning "song" referring to goats sacrificed to Dionysus (god of wine and fertility ) --the most admired type of play in Greece thespis -- "father of tragedy ", firsyt actor who introduced the use of masks Aristophanes – wrote most of the comedy plays where derived from imitation *** lysitriata – humorous tale about a strong woman who led female


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More Gold -- and Other Minerals -- in Them Thar Hills? Tuesday, July 24, 2012
TAU researcher's new method uncovers half-million ton mineral deposit in rough mountain terrain
Though technology has taken much of the guesswork out of mining, mountain ranges are still notoriously difficult environments in which to hunt for valuable minerals. Various methods used to draw a picture of the underground environment, including the measurement of gravitational and magnetic fields, are easily thrown off by factors such as changes in topography height, surrounding temperature, and barometric pressure.
Now Prof. Lev Eppelbaum of Tel Aviv University's Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences has developed a new method for processing and analysing complex environments in the face of these challenges. Combining new physical-mathematical approaches with their own advanced software — which brings together all available analysis in the same three-dimensional image — the researchers were able to overcome the difficulties posed by mountainous regions, successfully uncovering new mineral reserves.
Prof. Eppelbaum began working on his methodology with the late Prof. Boris Khesin of Ben Gurion University. Presented at the European Geosciences Conference in Vienna in April 2012 and in their book Geophysical Studies in the Caucasus, the method has already uncovered a previously unknown polymetallic reserve on the southern slope of the Caucasus, part of a vast mountain range between Europe and Asia that stretches from the Black to the Caspian Seas. The reserves include copper, zinc, lead, aluminium, and a mixture of gold and silver, Prof. Eppelbaum says.
A mountain range in three dimensions
In the hunt for underground metals or other resources like oil, gas, or water, geophysical fields such as gravity, magnetics, temperature, polarization, and electromagnetism play crucial roles. For example, the density of polymetallic ore —which consists of more than one metal — exceeds that of the surrounding rocks, creating a gravity anomaly. Although a 3D gravity analysis may then be used to decode these environmental cues, reserves do not reveal themselves that easily.
"After the environmental analysis, you must calculate the different types of background 'noise,' "Prof. Eppelbaum observes, such as the complexity of the topography, environmental characteristics, and more. Mountain ranges present particularly difficult terrain for this kind of calculation.
In order to circumvent these issues, Profs. Eppelbaum and Khesin improved current methods of geophysical analysis. They developed new mathematical approaches to process the information gathered from already-existing technology and from their own specially-designed software which allows the user to interpret all the information in a cohesive 3D image. "This 3D combined modelling software, which we programmed ourselves, enables scientists to see the buried targets more clearly," says Prof. Eppelbaum.
Prof. Eppelbaum believes they have discovered more than 500,000 tons of previously undiscovered polymetallic ore in the Caucasus mountainside in a single ore deposit. Other zones that could contain ore reserves have also been identified by the new methodology.
Caucasus and beyond
An expert in the Caucasus Mountains, Prof. Eppelbaum says that this technique can be applied to any region of the world, but most effectively in mountainous regions such as the Appalachian Mountains in the US and Canada or the Alps in Europe. Dr. Eppelbaum plans to develop collaborations with international geophysicists in an effort to discover new reserves around the world. "These reserves are very valuable resources for countries to discover," he says.
For more environment and ecology news from Tel Aviv University, click here.


. Perl automatically calls the C method when processing a C statement for a module. Modules and C are documented in L and L. Understanding the concept of modules and how the C statement operates is important to understanding the Exporter. =head2 Selecting What To Export Do B export method names! Do B export anything else by default without a good reason! Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must export try to use _USER_ in preference to _USER_ and avoid short or common symbol names to reduce the risk of name clashes. Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the module using the ModuleName::item_name (or $blessed_ref-Emethod) syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to informally indicate that they are 'internal' and not for public use. (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: my $subref = sub {... }; &$subref; But there's no way to call that directly as a method, since a method must have a name in the symbol table.) As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then _USER_ anything but use _USER_ with caution. Other module design guidelines can be found in L. =head2 Specialised Import Lists If the first entry in an import list begins with!, : or / then the list is treated as a series of specifications which either add to or delete from the list of names to import. They are processed left to right. Specifications are in the form: [!]name This name only [!]:DEFAULT All names in _USER_ [!]:tag All names in $EXPORT_TAGS{tag} anonymous list [!]/pattern/ All names in _USER_ and _USER_ which match A leading! indicates that matching names should be deleted from the list of names to import. If the first specification is a deletion it is treated as though preceded by :DEFAULT. If you just want to import extra names in addition to the default set you will still need to include :DEFAULT explicitly. e.g., defines: _USER_ = qw(A1 A2 A3 A4 A5); _USER_ = qw(B1 B2 B3 B4 B5); %EXPORT_TAGS = (T1 => [qw(A1 A2 B1 B2)], T2 => [qw(A1 A2 B3 B4)]); Note that you cannot use tags in _USER_ or _USER_. Names in EXPORT_TAGS must also appear in _USER_ or _USER_. An application using Module can say something like: use Module qw(:DEFAULT :T2!B3 A3); Other examples include: use Socket qw(!/^[AP]F_/!SOMAXCONN!SOL_SOCKET); use POSIX qw(:errno_h :termios_h!TCSADRAIN!/^EXIT/); Remember that most patterns (using //) will need to be anchored with a leading ^, e.g., C rather than C. You can say C to see how the specifications are being processed and what is actually being imported into modules. =head2 Exporting without using Export's import method Exporter has a special method, 'export_to_level' which is used in situations where you can't directly call Export's import method. The export_to_level method looks like: MyPackage->export_to_level($where_to_export, _USER_); where $where_to_export is an integer telling how far up the calling stack to export your symbols, and _USER_ is an array telling what symbols *to* export (usually this is _USER_). For example, suppose that you have a module, A, which already has an import function: package A; _USER_ = qw(Exporter); _USER_ = qw ($b); sub import { $A::b = 1; # not a very useful import method } and you want to Export symbol $A::b back to the module that called package A. Since Exporter relies on the import method to work, via inheritance, as it stands Exporter::import() will never get called. Instead, say the following: package A; _USER_ = qw(Exporter); _USER_ = qw ($b); sub import { $A::b = 1; A->export_to_level(1, _USER_); } This will export the symbols one level 'above' the current package - ie: to the program or module that used package A. Note: Be careful not to modify '_USER_' at all before you call export_to_level - or people using your package will get very unexplained results! =head2 Module Version Checking The Exporter module will convert an attempt to import a number from a module into a call to $module_name-Erequire_version($value). This can be used to validate that the version of the module being used is greater than or equal to the required version. The Exporter module supplies a default require_version method which checks the value of $VERSION in the exporting module. Since the default require_version method treats the $VERSION number as a simple numeric value it will regard version 1.10 as lower than 1.9. For this reason it is strongly recommended that you use numbers with at least two decimal places, e.g., 1.09. =head2 Managing Unknown Symbols In some situations you may want to prevent certain symbols from being exported. Typically this applies to extensions which have functions or constants that may not exist on some systems. The names of any symbols that cannot be exported should be listed in the C<_USER_> array. If a module attempts to import any of these symbols the Exporter will give the module an opportunity to handle the situation before generating an error. The Exporter will call an export_fail method with a list of the failed symbols: _USER_ = $module_name->export_fail(_USER_); If the export_fail method returns an empty list then no error is recorded and all the requested symbols are exported. If the returned list is not empty then an error is generated for each symbol and the export fails. The Exporter provides a default export_fail method which simply returns the list unchanged. Uses for the export_fail method include giving better error messages for some symbols and performing lazy architectural checks (put more symbols into _USER_ by default and then take them out if someone actually tries to use them and an expensive check shows that they are usable on that platform). =head2 Tag Handling Utility Functions Since the symbols listed within %EXPORT_TAGS must also appear in either _USER_ or _USER_, two utility functions are provided which allow you to easily add tagged sets of symbols to _USER_ or _USER_: %EXPORT_TAGS = (foo => [qw(aa bb cc)], bar => [qw(aa cc dd)]); Exporter::export_tags('foo'); # add aa, bb and cc to _USER_ Exporter::export_ok_tags('bar'); # add aa, cc and dd to _USER_ Any names which are not tags are added to _USER_ or _USER_ unchanged but will trigger a warning (with C<-w>) to avoid misspelt tags names being silently added to _USER_ or _USER_. Future versions may make this a fatal error. =cut


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Noun(1) one living on or coming from the other side of the Alps from Italy
Adjective(1) on or relating to or characteristic of the region or peoples beyond the Alps from Italy (or north of the Alps
(1) These men belonged to a transalpine cultural world.(2) Communications were improved through extensive construction of roads and waterways, most notably the transalpine Simplon Pass, completed in 1805.(3) In Renaissance Diplomacy Garrett Mattingly traces the development of the residential form of diplomacy among the five Italian city-states that eventually made its way into transalpine Europe.(4) Local specialities like marinated eel with shallots co-exist with transalpine dishes involving foie gras or oysters.(5) Transalpine freight in border-to-border transit shall be carried by rail.(6) The government is negotiating to buy a share in the Transalpine Pipeline, which pumps Azeri oil from the Italian port of Trieste to Germany, in a bid to lower energy dependence on Russia.
(1) transalpine :: transalpine
1. ultramontane ::
English to Uzbek Dictionary: transalpine
Meaning and definitions of transalpine, translation in Uzbek language for transalpine with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of transalpine in Uzbek and in English language.
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In Australia, hot water systems are an essential part of daily life. It is commonly used in residential and commercial buildings to provide heated water for a variety of purposes including showering, bathing, dishwashing, and laundry. The type of hot water system used in Australia is determined by several factors, including building size, number of occupants, location, and energy efficiency requirements. However, did you know that hot water temperature regulation in Australia is regulated by law? And why should it be regulated?
The authority that regulates hot water regulations in Melbourne is the Victorian Building Authority (VBA). According to VBA, every year, hot tap water scalds many children, the elderly, and the disabled across Australia. More than 90% of these scalds happen in the bathroom, where the water temperature from showers or taps is too hot and a person cannot react quickly enough to avoid scalding.
This may not appear to be a significant temperature difference, but it can mean the difference between permanent scarring, agonising pain, hospitalisation and skin grafts, or a relatively minor injury. Severe scalding can even result in death in some cases.
This is why plumbing codes require a maximum temperature of 50°C at each shower head or tap outlet. This temperature is suitable for a bath or shower but not hot enough to cause severe scalding.
The maximum water settings listed above are not bathing temperatures; for baths and showers, the recommended maximum bathing temperature for young children is 37 to 38°C. You may need to mix cold and hot water.
In addition, here are ways to reduce the risk of burns in the bathroom:
To prevent bacteria growth (such as Legionella), hot water must be stored above 60°C in hot water systems. Legionella is a type of bacteria that can cause Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of pneumonia. The bacteria can be found in both natural and man-made water systems, such as hot tubs, cooling towers, and plumbing systems, and they can be spread through the air when contaminated water droplets are inhaled.
People who are older, have weakened immune systems, or have underlying medical conditions are more likely to become ill from Legionella. Legionnaires' disease symptoms include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, muscle aches, and headaches. It can cause complications such as respiratory failure, septic shock, and even death in severe cases.
The actual water in your hot water system, on the other hand, must be stored at a minimum of 60°C to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria such as Legionella.
If you're looking for a specific number, here it is 50°C. That is, the water that comes out of your hot bath tap or shower head when only the hot water is turned on should be no hotter than that - hot enough for a relaxing bath but not hot enough to cause immediate or long-term damage.
The main exception to the 50°C rule is for environments designed specifically for vulnerable Australians, such as nursing homes and schools. The general maximum in these cases is 45°C.
If you are unsure about the hot water temperatures in your home, whether in your hot water system or in your taps, give Hot Water Melbourne a call and we will arrange for one of our plumbers to come out and check the temperature and install a tempering valve today. 247 Hot Water Melbourne is a leading hot water Melbourne company that has been providing residential and commercial clients with dependable, timely, and cost-effective services for many years.


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Republic of the Philippines
Department of Labor and Employment
National Wages and Productivity Commission
Regional Office No. 9
Zamboanga City
Pursuant to Section 6, Rule IV of the National Wages and Productivity Commission (NWPC) Amended Rules of Procedure on Minimum Wage Fixing and Section 24 of Wage Order No. RIX-14, the following implementing rules and regulations are hereby issued for guidance and compliance by all concerned:
Section 1. TITLE. This Rules shall be known as the "Implementing Rules of Wage Order No. RIX-14."
Sec. 2. DEFINITION OF TERMS. As used in this Rules:
a.chanrobles virtual law library
Act refers to Republic Act No. 6727 otherwise known as the "Wage Rationalization Act of 1989".
b.chanrobles virtual law library
AGRICULTURE refers to farming in all its branches and among others, includes the cultivation and tillage of the soil, production, cultivation, growing and harvesting of agricultural and horticultural commodities, dairying, raising of livestock or poultry, the culture of fish and other aquatic products in farms or ponds, any other activities performed by a farmer or on a farm as an incident to or in conjunction with such farming operations, but does not include the manufacturing and/or processing of sugar, coconut, abaca, tobacco, pineapple, aquatic and other farm products
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BASIC WAGE " means all the remunerations or earnings paid by an employer to a worker for services rendered on normal working days and hours but does not include cost-ofliving allowances, profit-sharingpayments, premium payments, 13th month pay or other monetary benefits which are not considered as part of or integrated into the regular wage or salary of the workers on the date the wage increases become effective;
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"BRANCH WORKERS" are those working in branches or agencies of establishments;
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"COLA" refers to the cost –ofliving allowance;
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COMMISSION refers to the National Wages and Productivity Commission (NWPC).
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COTTAGE/HANDICRAFT ESTABLISHMENT refers to one engaged in an economic endeavor in which the products are primarily done in the home or such other places for profit, which requires manual dexterity and craftsmanship.
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"DOLE " refers to the Department of Labor and Employment.;
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"DTI "means Department of Trade and Industry;
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"ESTABLISHMENT" refers to an economic unit which engages in one area or predominantly one kind of economic activity at a single fixed location.
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"MOBILE WORKERS" are those, who by nature of their work, have to travel or move from one place to another;
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"NEDA" means National Economic Development Authority;
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"PLANTATION AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE" refers to one engaged in agriculture with an area of more than twenty four (24) hectares in a locality or which employs at least twenty (20) workers. Any other agricultural enterprises shall be considered as "Non-Plantation Enterprise";
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"RA 8188" an act increasing the penalty and imposing the double indemnity for violation of the prescribed wage increases in the wage rates amending for the purpose Sec. 12 of RA 6727 otherwise known as the "Wage Rationalization Act" of 1989 ' ;
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"RA 7277" an act providing for the rehabilitation, self-development of disabled persons and their integration into the mainstream of society and for other purposes;
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"RETAIL ESTABLISHMENT" is one principally engages in the sale of goods to the end users for personal or household use. A retail establishment that regularly engages in wholesale activities loses its retail character;
q.chanrobles virtual law library "REGIONAL BOARD" refers to the Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board (RTWPB), Region IX;
r. "REGIONAL DAILY MINIMUM WAGE RATE" refers to the lowest wage rates that an employer can pay the workers, as fixed by the Regional Board;
s. "REGION-IX" is the geographical area covering the Zamboanga Peninsula Region comprising the Provinces of Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay and the Cities of Zamboanga, Pagadian, Dipolog, Dapitan and Isabela
"SERVICE ESTABLISHMENT" is one principally engaged in the sale of services to individuals for their own or household use and is generally recognized as such;
u. "ORDER" refers to Wage Order No. RIX-14;
"WAGE DISTORTION" refers to a situation where an increase in prescribed wage rates results in the elimination or severe contraction of intentional quantitative differences in wage or salary rates between and among employee groups in an establishment as to effectively obliterate the distinction embodied in such wage structure based on skills, length of service or other logical basis of differentiation.
Section 1. AMOUNT OF THE COST OF LIVING ALLOWANCE. Upon the effectivity of this Wage Order:
 1. All minimum wage workers and employees in the private sector in the region shall receive an additional cost-of-living allowance in the amount of Php 10.00 (Ten Pesos) per day.
 2. he daily regional minimum wage rates shall be as follows:
Basic Wage under Wage Order No. RIX -13
under W. O. No. R1X-14
New Daily Minimum Wage Rate
Includes private hospital, educational institutions, security agencies, janitorial, retail/service establishments employing more than 30 workers
 Includes rubber-based enterprises
- Plantation AgriculturalEnterprise
-Non - Plantation Agricultural Enterprise
Employing not more than 30 workers
c) After one (1) year from the effectivity of this Wage Order, the Regional Board shall assess/review the effects of the TEN PESOS COLA for a possible integration into the basic minimum wage.
Sec. 2. COVERAGE. The wage increase prescribed herein shall apply to all private sector workers and employees receiving the minimum wage in Region IX, regardless of their position, designation or status and irrespective of the method by which their wages are paid.
Not covered are household or domestic helpers; persons employed in the personal service of another including family drivers; and employees and workers of registered Barangay Micro Business Enterprises (BMBEs) pursuant to RA 9178 otherwise known as the Barangay Micro Business Enterprises Act.
Sec. 3. BASIS OF MINIMUM WAGE. The minimum wage rates prescribed in this Wage Order shall be for the normal working hours, which shall not exceed eight (8) hours work a day.
Sec. 4. WAGES OF SPECIAL GROUP OF WORKERS. Wages of apprentices and learners shall in no case be less than seventy five percent (75%) of the applicable minimum wage rates prescribed in the Wage Order.All recognized learnerhip and apprenticeship agreements entered into before the effectivity of the Wage Order shall be considered automatically modified insofar as their wage provisions are concerned to reflect the increase prescribed under this Wage Order.All qualified handicapped workers shall receive the prescribed minimum wage rate pursuant to R. A. 7277.
Sec. 5. APPLICATION TO CONTRACTORS. In case of contracts for construction projects, security, janitorial and other similar services, the increase in the minimum wage prescribed herein shall be borne by the principal or client of the contractor and the contract shall be deemed amended accordingly as mandated by the Labor Code.
In the event, however, that the principal or client fails to pay the prescribed wage rates, the construction/service contractor shall be jointly and severally liable with his principal or client.
Sec. 6. APPLICATION TO WORKERS PAID BY RESULTS. All workers paid by results, including those who are paid on piece work, "takay", "pakyaw" or task basis, shall receive not less than the applicable minimum wage rates prescribed under this Wage Order for the normal working hours which shall not exceed eight hours work a day or a proportion thereof for work of less than normal working hours.
The wage rates of workers who are paid by results shall continue to be established in accordance with Article 101 of the Labor Code, as amended and its implementing rules and regulations
Sec. 7. APPLICATION TO PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. In the case of private educational institutions, the share of workers and employees covered in the increase in tuition fees for School Year 2007-2008 shall be considered as compliance with the Wage Order. Payment of any shortfall in the wage increase set forth herein shall be covered starting school year 2008-2009.
Private educational institutions which have not increased their tuition fees for the School Year 2007-2008, may defer compliance with the provisions of this Wage Order until the School Year 2008-


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Part of twisted.internet.protocol View Source View In Hierarchy
Implements interfaces: twisted.internet.interfaces.IConsumer
|Method||write||The producer will write data by calling this method.|
|Method||registerProducer||Register to receive data from a producer.|
|Method||unregisterProducer||Stop consuming data from a producer, without disconnecting.|
Inherited from Adapter:
|Method||__init__||Set my 'original' attribute to be the object I am adapting.|
|Method||__conform__||I forward __conform__ to self.original if it has it, otherwise I simply return None.|
|Method||isuper||Forward isuper to self.original|
Register to receive data from a producer.
This sets self to be a consumer for a producer. When this object runs out of data (as when a send(2) call on a socket succeeds in moving the last data from a userspace buffer into a kernelspace buffer), it will ask the producer to resumeProducing().
resumeProducing will be called once each time data
pauseProducingwill be called whenever the write buffer fills up and
resumeProducingwill only be called when it empties.
|Parameters||producer|| (type: |


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Poisonous Spiders Attack Britain
They're not giant spiders, though, so that's some silver lining.
A Natural History Museum expert has warned that global warming is giving invasive poisonous spiders the chance to thrive in Britain.
The false widow spider, Steatoda nobilis, was first recorded in the UK in 1897, according to the museum.
Click here to find out more!
The female's bite can hospitalise an adult man. One victim reported: "Bitten on the shoulder. Initially the top of my arm ached, then felt itchy. Ten minutes later my armpit became numb. The skin was hot and sticky and looked wrinkled. The tenderness and itchiness lasted for some days (later said to be infected)."
Other effects include flu-like symptoms, stiffness, a burning sensation, and pain "more severe than a bee or wasp sting".
Until recently, the false widow's spread had been stymied by harsh weather. It was not fully established until the 1980s, but is now spreading rapidly east and north from its Dorset stronghold, and bite incidents are increasing.


Why Dancers' Skills Are More Valuable Than Ever
It's not uncommon to hear dancers planning for their "second act": what they will do after their performance career ends. Wrapped into this term is an assumption that the skills a dancer has developed are valueless in other work environments.
But as the rest of the world panics to create a workforce that will withstand automation and artificial intelligence, dancers may actually be prepared with just the skills our future economy needs.
Cognitive skills, like math and reading, are losing their value in the workplace. A recent study found that "In the past 30 years, job tasks in the U.S. have shifted dramatically towards tasks requiring noncognitive skills." Sometimes known as "soft skills," these noncognitive skills include problem solving, communication and innovation. As technology advances, it is becoming less important for workers to do and more important to organize and innovate.
The ideal employee of the future still has strong math and reading skills, but—more importantly—is equipped with creativity, resilience, perseverance and self-control.
Rubberbandance. Photo by Jim Lafferty
Dancers have the skills to be the ideal 21st-century worker. As practitioners of non-verbal communication, dancers have strong interpersonal, team-working skills and have the ability to interpret and organize abstract concepts through visual learning.
Additionally, dancers develop a sense of entrepreneurship and self-advocacy. It is no small feat to simultaneously collaborate with a company of competitive peers while trying to cultivate one's own artistic voice. Even the most talented face setbacks and insecurities; it's only through self-control and determination that any dancer sees their first paid opportunity.
Current culture has perpetuated the opinion that art is nice to have, but not necessary. Especially in cities where dancers struggle to make a living wage, there is a resounding anxiety that time is being wasted not developing more "valuable" skills.
Dancers like Connie Shiau (right) take on administrative roles at Abraham.In.Motion. Photo courtesy AIM.
We need to challenge this misconception and pressure administrators to spearhead a new discourse. Dancers should be recognized for all of their skills and encouraged to value themselves beyond performance. Involving artists in administrative discussions will enlighten dancers to their interpersonal and leadership skill sets. Providing artists opportunities to be a part of the business and administrative aspects of a company will help bolster a dancer's confidence and support the company's overall health.
If you are dancing professionally, you are already prepared to step into this rapidly-changing economy. Be proud of the valuable traits you possess. There is nothing "soft" about the skills you have spent years acquiring.
Latest Posts
Marcie Parker, Courtesy Red Door Dance Academy
May 2021


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The piece starts off talking about what is arguably Dorothea Lange's most recognizeable image, that of a California pea picker Florence Owens Thompson. The image was taken while Lange was employed by the Farm Security Administration in March, 1936.
One incredible piece of information I learned from the NPR piece was that all of the images that Dorothea Lange took during her work with the FSA became the proprety of the US Government. The original images were accompanied by captions that she wrote for each image, but they were not distributed with the images when the FSA would make them available to news outlets. Not even the titles of her images were preserved.
Listen to the NPR piece embedded below, or visit this link to read more about the new book by Linda Gordon.


9 – Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV)
Cisco has recently introduced a new feature called OTV that extends Layer 2 traffic between multiple sites over a Layer 3 network. The edge devices that interconnect data centers are known as OTV edge devices.
OTV dynamically encapsulates Layer 2 packets into an IP header for the traffic sent to the remote data centers. Routing Layer 2 traffic on top of a Layer 3 network is known as "MAC routing" transport. MAC Routing leverages the use of a control protocol to propagate MAC address reachability information, this is in contrast with the traditional data plane learning done in technologies like VPLS.
In the next example, MAC 1 sends a Layer 2 frame to destination MAC 2. On the MAC table of the OTV edge device (DC1), MAC 1 is a local address (Eth1), while the destination MAC 2 belongs to a remote location reachable via the IP address B (remote OTV Edge device).
The local OTV-ED encapsulates the Layer 2 frame using an IP header with as IP destination "IP B". The remote OTV-ED removes the IP header and forwards the frames to its internal interface (Eth 5). Local Layer 2 traffic is treated like any classical Ethernet switch (i.e. MAC 2 <=> MAC 3 on DC2).
A control plane protocol is used to exchange MAC reachability information between network devices, extending the VLANs between the remote sites while the learning process inside the data center is performed as in any traditional Layer 2 switch. This mechanism of advertisement destined to the remote OTV edge device differs fundamentally from classical Layer 2 switches, which traditionally leverage the data plane learning mechanism based on L2 source MAC address discovery: if the destination address is unknown after a MAC lookup on the MAC table, the traffic is flooded everywhere.
With OTV, the process for learning MAC addresses is performed by advertising the local MAC tables to all remote OTV edge devices. Consequently, if a destination MAC address is not known, the packet destined to the remote data center is dropped.
This technical innovation has the advantage of removing the risk of broadcasting unknown Unicast addresses from one site to another. This technique is based on a routing protocol, and provides a very stable and efficient mechanism of MAC address learning and Layer 2 extension while maintaining the failure domain inside each data center.
While OTV natively maintains the STP and the failure domain within each local data center, it provides the ability to deploy multiple OTV edge switches in the same data center in active mode. This function is known as Multi-Homing.
OTV works across any type of transport (Fiber, TCP/IP, MPLS) extended between the remote sites with the reliability and effectiveness of the Layer 3 protocol.
In addition to these primary functions, which are essential for the cloud networking, OTV offers several very important innovations:
OTV connects two or more sites to form a single virtual data center (Distributed Virtual Data Center). No circuit states are required between the remote sites to establish the remote connection. Each site and each link are independent and maintain an active state. This is known as "Point to Cloud" service, which allows a data center to be securely attached or removed at any time without configuring the remote sites and without disturbing cloud services.
OTV offers a native multicast traffic optimization function between all remote sites. OTV is currently available on Cisco Nexus 7000 Series Switches and the Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Routers.
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3 Responses to 9 – Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV)
 1. pratheesh says:
 Thank you for the OTV details provided.
 Can you please throw some lights on DCI Encryption.
 Since MACSec is a Hop-by-Hop encryption technology, it may not be a choice for long distance DCI implementation (except EoMPLS).
 I guess the current best bet on layer 2 expansion is OTV. Will I be able to consider IPSec on the Core device to encrypt OTV traffic? If I am running routing protocol on the core device between the, I will require GRE also.
 will I be able to negotiate the MTU in the provider network?
 Is there any other better way of accomplishing encryption for the above described scenario?
 Thank you and appreciate your input.
 - Yves says:
 Hi Pratheesh,
 Both options are valid, and certainly more.. It's just to choose the right solution with the right design 🙂
 MACSec: Since recently we do support a loopback address for the join interface, meaning that we can enable multiple physical interfaces on the ip side.
 What that means is that we can create a back to back design using direct fiber links (including DWDM), hence establishing a Layer 2 adjacency interconnecting the two pairs of OTV edge devices in HA fashion.
 The L2 adjacency is required between the two pairs of OTV ED due to 802.1AE MACsec link-level encryption. Theoretically this should be the easiest and efficient way to encrypt OTV traffic and due to the OTV concept, it should not be limited to 2 sites back-to-back, That said, I never tried and that would requite some testing and qualification to validate this.
 IPsec: Contrary to native layer 2 traffic (e.g. vPC) that would required to be routed into the IPSec tunnel and therefore breaking your layer 2 extension requirements, OTV is an overlay that runs over a IP network. Thus we can use IPSec in the core to encrypt OTV traffic. If MTU might be a concern with some SP (although today it's rare), this is not specific to OTV, it's like any encapsulated transport, same for example comes with VPLS over GRE (over IPSec).
 Note that you don't require a GRE tunnel for OTV, just an pure IPSec encrypted tunnel. Also keep in mind that IPSec is a small-scale meshing design making that would become complex ops while you increase the number of site to interconnect.
 Other options that you can think of (never tested myself) are GETVPN (any-to-any connectivity,more efficient if you have many sites to interconnect) or DMVPN.
 A very interesting topic to be detailed for a next post
 2. pratheesh says:
 Thank you for the details shared.
 will update once I lock down the telco service and the design.
Leave a Reply


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Disease carrying insects are attracted to light bulbs – a constraint of domestic solar energy
Household air pollution is estimated to kill more than 500,000 people in Africa each year. Through solar energy, people can stop using dirty and extremely polluting fuels like kerosene in their homes. But with domestic solar energy comes an unintended consequence. When the light bulbs are switched on, they can attract disease carrying bugs.
Given the health threats of kerosene and other indoor pollutants, a number of initiatives are driving the use of solar power for domestic uses. Organisations associated with the UN Sustainable Energy For All initiative are promoting various programmes.
And donors are also moving into this space. One example is the EnergyAfrica campaign being driven by UK's Department for International Development, or DFID. Its focus is on domestic solar, providing individual householders with systems to power small electrical devices in the home. This mainly involves light bulbs.
The irradiation potential for sunshine to provide this form of clean energy in Africa is substantial. There will undoubtedly be enormous health benefits provided that people switch from kerosene and other so-called dirty fuels, instead of adding solar to the mix of energy types they use.
Let's temporarily set aside the potential problems of financing and sustainability for individual householders unused to looking after complete solar systems. There is one glaring issue with providing electrical light into otherwise non-improved residences like mud huts with corrugated iron roofs: flying insects.
Many different types of insects are attracted to light sources. This is either in search of a mate or after taking a meal. Many insects attracted to lights may be harmless, but key species are known vectors of disease that affect both humans and animals. These include:
domestic flies, which carry the bacteria that cause blinding trachoma;
Ironically, it is low-energy LED light bulbs that are the most attractive due to the fact that they emit more blue light. This is such a major issue that attempts are underway to tune LEDs so that they attract a smaller number of flying insects.
Historically, this may not have been a major issue because mosquitoes tend to feed after midnight. But mosquito populations may have evolved to seek blood-meals earlier in the night due to the selective pressure of bed nets. In addition, the efficiency of transmission from humans to mosquitoes may have increased over recent decades. This again is due to the pressure of control measures against the parasite.
So what might happen if the introduction of artificial light, using low-energy LEDs, is combined with other interventions?
Research is still at an early stage. On the one hand, modern housing may reduce the risk of malaria. But there is already some epidemiological evidence that electrification of community buildings and neighbourhoods may accidentally increase the risk of malaria and other diseases.
Some of these effects may be directly as a result of lights attracting vectors of disease to places where humans are present. Alternatively, the vectors may not be attracted to light itself but to humans who are undertaking domestic and economic activities near to a source of artificial light. This may be happening even as the harmful effects of particulates from kerosene lamps are reduced.
To find solutions to this double-edged sword we can first turn to the field of Evolutionary Medicine. This considers how evolutionary processes shape our ability to combat disease. Research in this field can be combined with an integrated approach involving sustainable buildings, and sociotechnical research to tackle both energy and health issues simultaneously.
At the heart of that idea is the fact that solar power, when integrated into modern, energy-efficient buildings, can be used entirely off grid to bring electricity to hundreds of millions of people in Africa who lack access to energy. Many of these people live in areas where vector borne diseases are common.
Such an integrated approach needs careful planning and will not provide solutions at the same pace as providing small-scale solar systems to individual householders. This is probably why DFID is now behind small-scale solar. The technology has overcome historic barriers of affordability, availability and energy storage and can be installed into otherwise unimproved residences.
DFID is keen to open up the market to businesses in the solar sector. I am keen to ensure that the evidence base keeps on building so that the public, private and civil sectors are informed about the consequences and impact of their activities.
More generally, forewarned is forearmed, and by conducting research and examining the evidence ahead of wide-scale implementation, we can generate testable hypotheses and combine basic, applied, operational and implementation research to greater effect.


HDL Coder
OFDM Receiver with 512-Point Serial FFT
This example shows how to use HDL Coder™ to check, generate, and verify HDL code for a 512-point complex serial FFT block built using the MATLAB Function blocks and Simulink® blocks.
This model implements a simple OFDM transmitter and receiver. The OFDM receiver part contains a 512-point Radix-2 complex FFT to convert signal back to the frequency domain. There are two FFT implementations in this model:
 - The Behavioral FFT block is the complex FFT block in DSP System Toolbox™ library. It calculates a 512-point vector input each sample and works at a sample rate of 512.
 - The FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial block implements a serialized, streaming I/O FFT block using the MATLAB Function blocks and Simulink blocks and is suitable for hardware. This implementation accepts streaming complex input data and generates streaming complex results continuously after the initial pipelining latency.
The results of the two FFT implementations are shown to be equal after matching the initial pipelining latency.
Additional Requirements:
 - Communications System Toolbox
 - DSP System Toolbox
% To open this model, run the following commands:
modelname = 'hdlcoder_ofdm_fft_eml';
Serial FFT Block Specification
 - Cooley-Tukey Radix-2 Serialized FFT
 - Complex input, complex output
 - Streaming input, streaming output
 - Decimation in time
 - 512 point
 - Bit width: 12 bits
 - Initial pipelining latency: 1298 clock cycles
 - Input ports:
 - enable -> enable signal indicates the first valid input data
 - data_in -> streaming input data
 - Output ports:
 - data_en -> enable signal indicates the first valid output data
 - data_out -> streaming output data
 - index_out -> index of output data
The serialize block generates the streaming input data for the FFT block. The original 512-point vector input is converted to one data point per sample by the Unbuffer block.
open_system([modelname '/serialize']);
In the deserialize block, the streaming output of the serial FFT block is converted back to a 512-element vector at the sample rate of 512 by the Buffer block.
open_system([modelname '/deserialize']);
Bit Reversal
This FFT block implements the Decimation-in-Time FFT algorithm which requires bit reverse-ordered input data. So the natural-ordered input data will pass through the stage Start_BitReverse in the beginning.
open_system([modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial/Serialized_FFT']);
Serial FFT Stages
The serial FFT block is composed of log2(512)= 9 stages of radix-2 butterfly units. These FFT stages are pipelined and connected in tandem.
open_system([modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial/Serialized_FFT/FFT_Stages']);
The following picture shows a typical 8-point FFT with 3 (log2(8)) stages. Each stage uses 4 (8/2) butterfly units. A serial FFT implemented in this model uses only one butterfly resource for each stage of implementation.
FFT Stage
Each radix-2 FFT stage includes one radix-2 butterfly computing unit, memory blocks to cache the streaming data, a ROM to store the FFT twiddle factors, and control logic implemented in MATLAB Function blocks. The memory size of each stage equals the Stage Number.
open_system([modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial/Serialized_FFT/FFT_Stages/FFT_Stage5']);
The radix-2 FFT butterfly algorithm is implemented in MATLAB file hdlcoder_serial_fft_butterfly.m on the MATLAB® path. All the Butterfly_FFT2_Computing_Unit blocks call this function.
The Butterfly_FFT2_Computing_Unit block uses a right shift to scale down the result data after every FFT stage to avoid overflow. In this model the Scale variable is set to 1 to turn off the scaling.
function [fft2_x, fft2_y] = fcn(fft2_u, fft2_v, fft2_twiddle)
% FFT2 Computing Unit
% Scale down number for this stage. Need to be power of 2.
Scale = 1;
% Call function in MATLAB file hdlcoder_serial_fft_butterfly_scale.m on path
[x, y] = hdlcoder_serial_fft_butterfly(fft2_u, fft2_v, fft2_twiddle);
% scaling down by 2 for each FFT2 stage.
fft2_x = bitsra(x, log2(Scale));
fft2_y = bitsra(y, log2(Scale));
function [x, y] = hdlcoder_serial_fft_butterfly(u, v, twiddle)
% FFT2 butterfly block
% This function is used in hdlcoder_ofdm_fft_eml example model.
nt = numerictype(u);
fm = fimath(u);
% multiply twiddle and butterfly.
twv = fi(v * twiddle, nt, fm);
x = fi(u + twv, nt, fm);
y = fi(u - twv, nt, fm);
Check, Generate and Verify HDL
checkhdl( [modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial']);
makehdl( [modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial']);
makehdltb([modelname '/FFT_512Pt_EML_Serial']);
This concludes the OFDM Receiver with 512-Point Serial FFT example.


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Pressure sensor development
1) 1945 - 1960: This stage is marked by the invention of the bipolar transistor in 1947. Since then, this characteristic of semiconductor materials has been more widely used. C.S. Smith and 1945 discovered the piezoresistive effect of silicon and germanium, that is, when an external force acts on a semiconductor material, its resistance will change significantly. The pressure sensor made according to this principle is to attach a strain gauge to a metal thin film, that is, convert the force signal into an electrical signal for measurement. The minimum size at this stage is approximately 1 cm.
2) The stage of technological development (1960 - 1970): With the development of silicon diffusion technology, technicians choose the appropriate crystal orientation on silicon (001) or (110) crystal surface to directly spread the strain resistance on the crystal surface, then The back is processed into a concave shape to form a thin silicon elastic diaphragm called a silicon cup. This type of silicon sensor has the advantages of small size, light weight, high sensitivity, good stability, low cost, and ease of integration, and realizes a metal-silicon eutectic, which offers possibilities for commercial development.
3) Commercialization and integrated processing stage (1970 - 1980): The anisotropic etching of silicon was applied on the basis of silicon diffusion theory. The diffusion silicon sensor was mainly based on the anisotropic etching technology of silicon. It has developed into anisotropic silicon processing technology that can automatically control the thickness of silicon film [mainly in the V-groove method, automatic boron concentration suspension method, automatic anodic oxidation method, and computer control automatic suspension method]. Due to the possibility of simultaneous corrosion on multiple surfaces, thousands of silicon pressure membranes can be produced at the same time, achieving an integrated factory processing model and further reducing costs.
4) Micro-machining (1980-present): Nanotechnology emerged at the end of the last century, making micro-machining possible.


Borknagar:Abrasion Tide Lyrics
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this wiki
This song is performed by Borknagar and appears on the album Universal (2010).
We're ensnared by the fate if persistence
As the forces of nature interact
To weather slope and mountain, close and by distance
Creating expanding ventifacts
Running water conducts the erosion
Leading grains of sand in the grind
Empowered by wind,time, and oceans
To wear down soil's rind
A tide that changes primary plains
Even principles positions
A flood that runs untimely through the elements and our veins
Shifting our focus and our definitions
New perspective from a vaster reflection
Thoughts flow like water from a hillock
That's repeatedly rinsed,achieving friction
Releasing knowledge of the rock
An archaic course across the outer core
Seasons transform while remodeling the Solum
Above the altering scenery stars soar
Watching the drama like diffuse phantoms
The land is disintegrated by a power that was ice bound
At the same time fertilized
As our forefather's feet touched a ground
That nature constantly has revised
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text:
Keywords: nuclear desalination, reverse osmosis, recent performances, price, cost reduction, water quality, simulation, nuclear energy, simulation, modelling, seawater desalination
Water desalination price from recent performances: modelling, simulation and analysis
The subject of the present article is the technical simulation of seawater desalination, by a one stage reverse osmosis system, the objectives of which are the recent valuation of cost price through the use of new membrane and permeator performances, the use of new means of simulation and modelling of desalination parameters, and show the main parameters influencing the cost price. We have taken as the simulation example the Seawater Desalting centre of Djannet (Boumerdes, Algeria). The present performances allow water desalting at a price of 0.5 $/m³, which is an interesting and promising price, corresponding with the very acceptable water product quality, in the order of 269 ppm. It is important to run the desalting systems by reverse osmosis under high pressure, resulting in further decrease of the desalting cost and the production of good quality water. Aberration in choice of functioning conditions produces high prices and unacceptable quality. However there exists the possibility of decreasing the price by decreasing the requirement on the product quality. The seawater temperature has an effect on the cost price and quality. The installation of big desalting centres, contributes to the decrease in prices. A very important, long and tedious calculation is effected, which is impossible to conduct without programming and informatics tools. The use of the simulation model has been much efficient in the design of desalination centres that can perform at very improved prices.


text:
The ability to respond to environmental temperature variation is essential for survival in animals. Flies show robust temperature-preference behaviour (TPB) to find optimal temperatures. Recently, we have shown that Drosophila mushroom body (MB) functions as a center controlling TPB. However, neuromodulators that control the TPB in MB remain unknown. To identify the functions of dopamine in TPB, we have conducted various genetic studies in Drosophila. Inhibition of dopamine biosynthesis by genetic mutations or treatment with chemical inhibitors caused flies to prefer temperatures colder than normal. We also found that dopaminergic neurons are involved in TPB regulation, as the targeted inactivation of dopaminergic neurons by expression of a potassium channel (Kir2.1) induced flies with the loss of cold avoidance. Consistently, the mutant flies for dopamine receptor gene (DopR) also showed a cold temperature preference, which was rescued by MB-specific expression of DopR. Based on these results, we concluded that dopamine in MB is a key component in the homeostatic temperature control of Drosophila. The current findings will provide important bases to understand the logic of thermosensation and temperature preference decision in Drosophila.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research


text:
Chesterton Academy is named for the great English writer and Catholic convert, G.K. Chesterton (1874- 1936). Chesterton is a model for our school because he exemplified the Catholic faith through a life filled with joy, wonder, and gratitude.
Chesterton was considered one of the world's most outstanding men of letters in the early 20th century. An accomplished essayist, novelist, and poet, he wrote a hundred books on all different subjects. In 1922, he shocked the literary establishment by converting to Catholicism. He was later eulogized by Pope Pius XI as "a gifted defender of the faith," and there is presently a popular movement to have him canonized. The school has chosen him for its patron because he not only represents the fullness of faith and reason, but also Catholic joy and common sense.


text:
Come in, the water's just fine! Okay, you won't be hearing any alligators saying that, but as these amazing images show, these restricted reptiles are taking the cold snap in their stride – even if their swampy home has transformed into a glittering prison of ice.
Like snorkelers who picked a particularly bad time to take a dip, these alligators at Shallotte River Swamp Park in North Carolina are trapped in frozen waters – and in these hostile, icy conditions, an ancient survival mechanism is kicking in.
Ordinarily, these alligators would be spending their time sun-bathing or resting along the bottom of their swamp, but in a video captured by staff at the Swamp Park, we can see the animals adopting a very different pose on account of the punishing cold spell currently blasting the US.
What they're doing is called brumation, which is similar to hibernation, and involves the reptiles' metabolism slowing down dramatically and going into a lethargic state, in response to very cold temperatures.
Usually, these alligators would brumate at the bottom of their swamp, coming up at least once a day for air. These are not usual times, however.
In the aftermath of a bomb cyclone, it looks like the alligators are adopting a different survival strategy, positioning themselves – or at least their snouts – at the surface of their frozen swamp, giving them ready access to air while the bitter winter persists.
"It's an interesting behaviour because it's opposite of what most crocodilians do," retired ecologist James Perran Ross explained to Live Science.
"The normal response of most other crocs when it gets really cold is to come out of the water and try to bask to get warm again."
That might not be an option here, though – because of bomb cyclone weirdness generally, and the colder-than-usual air temperatures the US is currently weathering as a result, which could be dangerous to unsheltered alligators.
"They can sense temperature changes and will stick their noses out of the water to breathe," the Swamp Park's general manager, George Howard, told HuffPost.
"In that state, they are still alive, still moving, but very lethargic."
It's an incredibly cool (ahem) survival trick, but it's not something alligators can pull off indefinitely.
Alligators can live in water temperatures as low as 4 degrees Celsius (40 degrees Fahrenheit), but in icy conditions like this, Howard reckons the reptiles would only survive for about a week.
Luckily for all concerned, the ice you're seeing here ended up thawing a few days later, meaning this frosty crew can look forward to many warmer times ahead.
"It's 65 degrees [Fahrenheit] here today and the waters have melted," Howard said on Tuesday.
"They're out and doing their happy dance."


text:
The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore (English: Basilica of Saint Mary of the Flower) is the main church of Florence, Italy. The Duomo, as it is ordinarily called, was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to the design of Arnolfo di Cambio and completed structurally in 1436 with the dome engineered by Filippo Brunelleschi. The exterior of the basilica is faced with polychrome marble panels in various shades of green and pink bordered by white and has an elaborate 19th-century Gothic Revival façade by Emilio De Fabris.
The cathedral complex, located in Piazza del Duomo, includes the Baptistery and Giotto's Campanile. The three buildings are part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site covering the historic centre of Florence and are a major attraction to tourists visiting the region of Tuscany. The basilica is one of Italy's largest churches, and until development of new structural materials in the modern era, the dome was the largest in the world. It remains the largest brick dome ever constructed.