their length. Patient questions were divided into quartiles each containing 25% of the messages (Table 4). This confirmed that for most of the questions, the effect of question length on answer time was negligible. The answer time was 2.1 minutes (95% CI 1.9–2.3) for the shortest 25% of questions and 2.4 minutes (95% CI 2.2–2.7) for the longest 25%.
Time physicians spent answering patients' questions by question length
Patient question length Number of answers Physician answer time in minutes (95% CI)
Quartile Number of characters
1 0–308 278 2.1 (1.9–2.3)
2 309–398 280 2.3 (2.1–2.5)
3 399–594 277 2.2 (1.9–2.5)
4 595–3315 278 2.4 (2.2–2.7)
Hypothesis B states that the longest questions would consume an unreasonably large amount of physicians' time resources. These questions were defined as being the top 10% of questions (110 questions) with regard to length (>916 characters) (see Table 5).
Time physicians spent answering the longest 10% of patients' questions
Number of questions Patient question (mean number of characters) Physician answer time (minutes)
Shortest 90% of questions (≤916 characters) 1003 420 2.2
Longest 10% of questions (>916 characters) _PHONE_ 2.6
As shown in Table 5, the 10% longest patient questions were approximately 3 times the length of shorter questions (420 characters versus 1300 characters). However, the physicians spent on average 18% more time answering the 10% longest questions (2.6 minutes compared with 2.2 minutes). These results were not in favor of hypothesis B.
The results give mixed support to the hypotheses. As expected, the length of patients' questions predicted answer time, but the analysis also shows that the predictive value is negligible compared with the length of the physicians' answers. We did not find conclusive support for the hypothesis that very long patient messages should have a large effect on physician answer length and answering time. Instead, we observed a modest increase in physician answer length and only a marginal increase in answering time related to extremely long patient questions.
As noted, one of the main reasons physicians are skeptical about electronic communication is the potential for increased workload [12]; for instance, physicians might fear that patients would overuse it or that responding to questions would be time consuming. The results of the current study show, however, that these specific concerns might be unfounded. While it does take extra time to read long questions from the patient, this does not have large effects on the total time used by physicians to answer patient inquiries. In fact, a threefold (300%) increase in patient question length resulted in only an 18% increase in physician response time. Even though the average numbers may support the effectiveness of an electronic communication system, and other studies indicate that responses to email messages do not take more time than responses to nonelectronic patient messages [13], one may still question whether extreme cases will jeopardize these effects in a real-life office setting. Based on the current results these concerns appear unfounded. The average physician response time to a patient message was 2.3 minutes using the systems described in this study. Only 1.5% of questions took more than 10 minutes to answer. When compared against the average consultation time in Norwegian general practice (15–20 minutes) [14], even these unusual cases will have to be regarded as time saving, if the electronic messages substitute patients' office visits [6]. It is, however, unlikely that electronic messages can be a substitute for office visits in a one-to-one relationship. Other studies have shown that electronic messages can replace phone calls [7,8], and it is very likely that electronic messaging will find relevance as a supplement to personal encounters, for instance by recommendation of ethical guidelines [15].
Results from other investigations indicate that patients are willing to adapt to guidelines regarding the focus and content of messages [4], which should help to minimize the potential problem of lengthy patient questions. Obviously, the time-saving potential is highly dependent on electronic messages substituting for patient office visits [6].
This study included a considerable proportion of Norwegian physicians using electronic patient communication at the time the study was performed. It is not self-evident that the result would be valid for all physicians using similar services. An alternative approach would be to select a random sample of all physicians using electronic communication. At the time of the study, only a few Norwegian physicians were offering electronic communication services. A random sample could therefore be biased toward physicians being positive to electronic communication. In some countries, for instance Denmark [1], it has become mandatory for physicians to offer electronic communication services. In such contexts, a similar study based on random selection would be feasible.
The current study does not involve analysis of the content of the messages. The main challenge in doing this would be that it would require written consent from every patient. However, a prior study in similar populations has shown that only a small proportion of these messages are used for simple administrative purposes such as scheduling [11]. Instead, the majority of the patient messages are concerned with health-related questions, and requesting prescriptions, test results, and documentation for medical leave.
The average time spent answering messages might be influenced by factors such as workload and reimbursement policies. This limits the external validity of the current results. However, the investigated relationships between variables (eg, that the length of patients' messages had limited impact on the answer time), rather than their absolute values, are much more likely to also be valid in other cultural contexts.
Studies have demonstrated how email and electronic messaging systems can be used to promote balanced and patient-centered communication [16], in support of clinical decision making [17-19]. We believe the results reported here further extend the clinical usefulness of electronic communication between patients and health care providers by demonstrating the potential for saving time.
This study was supported by a grant from Helse Nord RHF. Thanks to Gro Berntsen, Trine S Bergmo, and Ellen Ersfjord for various contributions to this project.
None declared
Kummervold PE Chronaki CE Lausen B Prokosch HU Rasmussen J Santana S Staniszewski A Wangberg SC eHealth trends in Europe 2005-2007: a population-based survey J Med Internet Res 2008 10 4 e42 10.2196/jmir.1023 _PHONE_ v10i4e42 PMC2629359 Wallwiener M Wallwiener CW Kansy JK Seeger H Rajab TK Impact of electronic messaging on the patient-physician interaction J Telemed Telecare 2009 15 5 243 50 10.1258/jtt.2009.090111 _PHONE_ 15/5/243 Patt MR Houston TK Jenckes MW Sands DZ Ford DE Doctors who are using e-mail with their patients: a qualitative exploration J Med Internet Res 2003 5 2 e9 10.2196/jmir.5.2.e9 _PHONE_ PMC1550557 White CB Moyer CA Stern DT Katz SJ A content analysis of e-mail communication between patients and their providers: patients get the message J Am Med Inform Assoc 2004 11 4 260 7 10.1197/jamia.M1445 _PHONE_ M1445 PMC436072 Caffery L Smith AC Scuffham PA An economic analysis of email-based telemedicine: a cost minimisation study of two service models BMC Health Serv Res 2008 8 107 10.1186/_PHONE_-8-107 _PHONE_ _PHONE_-8-107 PMC2413229 Bergmo TS Kummervold PE Gammon D Dahl LB Electronic patient-provider communication: will it offset office visits and telephone consultations in primary care? Int J Med Inform 2005 09 74 9 705 10 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2005.06.002 _PHONE_ S1386-5056(05)00066-3 Liederman EM Lee JC Baquero VH Seites PG Patient-physician web messaging. The impact on message volume and satisfaction J Gen Intern Med 2005 01 20 1 52 7 10.1111/j._PHONE_.2005.40009.x _PHONE_ JGI40009 PMC1490042 Lin CT Wittevrongel L Moore L Beaty BL Ross SE An Internet-based patient-provider communication system: randomized controlled trial J Med Internet Res 2005 7 4 e47 10.2196/jmir.7.4.e47 _PHONE_ v7i4e47 PMC1550679 Visma Unique AS 2009 2011-08-25 Online Kontakt med Helsepersonell 61CuvtTe0 DIPS ASA, Profdoc Norge AS 2011 01 18 2011-08-25 minDoktor.no 61Cuxev47 Kummervold PE Trondsen M Andreassen H Gammon D Hjortdahl P [Patient-physician interaction over the internet] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2004 10 21 124 20 2633 6 155346


text:
The Biopieces are a collection of bioinformatics tools that can be pieced together in a very easy and flexible manner to perform both simple and complex tasks. The Biopieces work on a data stream in such a way that the data stream can be passed through several different Biopieces, each performing one specific task: modifying or adding records to the data stream, creating plots, or uploading data to databases and web services. The Biopieces are executed in a command line environment where the data stream is initialized by specific Biopieces which read data from files, databases, or web services, and output records to the data stream that is passed to downstream Biopieces until the data stream is terminated at the end of the analysis as outlined below:
read_data | calculate_something | write_results
The following example demonstrates how a next generation sequencing experiment can be cleaned and analyzed – including plotting of scores and length distribution, removal of adaptor sequence, trimming and filtering using quality scores, mapping to a specified genome, and uploading the data to the UCSC genome browser for further analysis:
read_fastq -i data.fq | # Initialize data stream from a FASTQ file. plot_scores -t png -o scores_unclean.png | # Plot scores before cleaning. find_adaptor -c 24 -a TCGTATGCCGTCTTC -p | # Locate adaptor - including partial adaptor. clip_adaptor | # Clip any located adaptor. trim_seq | # End trim sequences according to quality scores. grab -e 'SEQ_LEN > 18' # Filter short sequences. mean_scores -l | # Locate local quality score minima. grab -e 'SCORES_MEAN_LOCAL >= 15' | # Filter low local quality score minima. write_fastq -o data_clean.fq | # Write the cleaned data to a FASTQ file. plot_scores -t png -o scores_clean.png | # Plot scores after cleaning. plot_distribution -k SEQ_LEN -t png -o lengths.png | # Plot sequence length distribution. bowtie_seq -c 24 -g hg19 -m 2 | # Map sequences to the human genome with Bowtie. upload_to_ucsc –d hg19 –t my_data –x # Upload the results to the UCSC Genome Browser.
The advantage of the Biopieces is that a user can easily solve simple and complex tasks without having any programming experience. Moreover, since the data format used to pass data between Biopieces is text based, different developers can quickly create new Biopieces in their favorite programming language - and all the Biopieces will maintain compatibility. Finally, templates exist for creating new Biopieces in Perl and Ruby.
There are currently ~190 Biopieces.
- To learn more about Biopieces have a look at the Biopieces Introduction.
- To browse the available Biopieces see the Biopieces Wiki.
- If you want to install the Biopieces go to the Biopieces Installation Instructions.
- If you want to contribute Biopieces go to the Biopieces HowTo.
- Browse publications using Biopieces here.
For important messages, questions, discussion, and suggestions join the Biopieces Google Group.
Also checkout BioDSL - a powerful way to create Biopieces like workflows.
Biopieces was developed with support from the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (grant no 272-06-0325).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
- For Teachers
It differs. For in some languages, such as in Italian, dialects are complete different languages, running parallel to the country's language.
Doesn't it depend on whether they are derived from the standard form or not?
not in italian, except tuscan which is the standard italian, all other are diffrent languages.
to say it is different is to suggest that there is another form of standard language, standard to the group of users. to say it a deviation is to suggest that dialects are not the norms but something inferior to that which is standard. What is standard, howeve, is relative to time and place.
'Differ' seems less judgemental. To the dialect speaker, standard language seems strange. I'd use 'differ'.
The standard language is itself a dialect.
Sometimes a particular dialect can be standardized but after being being standardized it wont be a dialect any more.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
What do you think what is record?
Our electronic definitions web site has answer for that as well:
is a collection of related items of data treated as a unit for processing (e.g. one
line of an invoice may form a record). This is called a logical record where
it is necessary to distinguish it from the record as held in computer storage
which may also include control information (the physical record).
Other electronic terms related to record
record format recording adaptor recording telecomms


text:
Copyright © 2010 A. Casado et al. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We apply the Wigner function formalism to partial Bell-state analysis using polarization entanglement produced in parametric down conversion. Two-photon statistics at a beam-splitter are reproduced by a wave-like description with zeropoint fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. In particular, the fermionic behaviour of two photons in the singlet state is explained from the invariance on the correlation properties of two light beams going through a balanced beam-splitter. Moreover, we show that a Bell-state measurement introduces some fundamental noise at the idle channels of the analyzers. As a consequence, the consideration of more independent sets of vacuum modes entering the crystal appears as a need for a complete Bell-state analysis.


What's the difference between these 'falses' (שקר and שוא?), how does one distinguish them from one another?
Or are these kind of testimonies and utterings the same?
Short answer
שֶׁקֶר and שָׁוְא are partially synonymous. שֶׁקֶר is a lie. שָׁוְא carries multiple related meanings - lie, false, null, nothing, for nothing, vain etc.
 - עֵד שָׁקֶר - Loosely "Liar witness", synonymous to עֵד שָׁוְא.
 - שֵׁמַע שָׁוְא - Seems to mean either "Liar witness" or "False witness".
Long answer
Pronounced "Shav". Can be translated to:
I found the word 204 times in the Bible, and the meaning varies according to the context.
Pronounced "Sheker".
שֶׁקֶר is a lie, שקרן is a liar, שבועת שקר is perjury (literally - "lie oath").
There word appears 391 times in the bible. It seems that most of the times it carries the meaning of a plain lie.
| improve this answer | |
 - thank you, P.s. I thought there might be a little nuance between the form of the lie or falsehood presented by each word. First I was thinking of something like Falsity vs Lie. But it seems to be more subtle. One שקר seems to be about twisting the truth, leaving out parts of truth, or just telling parts of truth etc. which simply sum up means lying. But the other seem to be more a kind of lie made out of thin air, without a base or proper arguments; they are vain, null, made up and false. What do you think? – Levi Dec 31 '16 at 21:15
 - 1
 Welcome to the site Adam. Thanks for the answer. Note that questions about the Hebrew language are of-topic here. This question is only on topic inasmuch as it asks about the definition of Biblical phrases and laws. To answer such a question, authoritative sources should be cited; not just modern Hebrew equivalents. Consider learning more about the site from this short Beginners' Guide: meta.judaism.stackexchange.com/a/3887/8775. – mevaqesh Jan 1 '17 at 0:44
 - _USER_ - Thanks for the clarification, will certainly do. – Adam Matan Jan 1 '17 at 6:22
 - _USER_ I think you got it right. – Adam Matan Jan 1 '17 at 6:23
The Gemara in Shavuos 21a says
מיתיבי אי זו היא שבועת שוא נשבע לשנות את הידוע לאדם שבועת שקר נשבע להחליף אימא נשבע ומחליף
What is a שבועת שוא? That is to change what is known to man. [What is a] שבועת שקר? Someone who makes an oath to change. Rather say, he makes an oath and changed.
Rashi says:
נשבע להחליף - לשנות את האמת בשבועתו היינו לשעבר כגון אכלתי ולא אכל לא אכלתי ואכל:
אימא נשבע ומחליף - נשבע לעשות ואחר כך החליף את דברו ולא עשה או שלא לעשות ועשה:
Makes and oath to change - to change the truth with his oath about the past. For example, [he says] 'I ate', but he didn't eat. 'I didn't eat' [but] he did.
Rather say makes an oath and changes - He makes an oath to do something and then changes his words and doesn't do. Or [he makes an oath] not to do [something] and he does.
The Malbim explains שוא
שגדר השוא בדיוק הוא דבר שאין בו ממש שנדע לכל שאין ממש בדבריו
The parameter of שוא exactly is something that has no substance, that it is known to all there is no substance to his words.
And he explains שקר
ששקר הוא היפך המציאות
That שקר is the opposite of the reality.
שקר would be something that has some benefit or substance to it in some facet, whether the speaker gains something by the lie, or the lie could possibly be true or is true in some facet. שוא lacks any sort of benefit or substance to it.
| improve this answer | |
According to the Etymological Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew based on the commentaries of Samson Raphael Hirsch by Mattityahu Clark, the root שוא means to lack value and content (e.g. vanity; taking G-d's Name in vain), whilst the root שקר means to lie deliberately or to express falsehood.
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text: HEADS-Headborne Energy Analysis and Diagnostic System Photo tab Video tab HEADS - Headborne Energy Analysis and Diagnostic System &file=" /> HEADS Brain Injury Fair on Capital Hill 2013 The Headborne Energy Analysis and Diagnostic System records the severity of impacts to the head during a blast or explosion. The Headborne Energy Analysis and Diagnostic System, or more commonly referred to as HEADS, is a small sensor mounted inside a combat helmet that records the severity of blasts and other impacts to the head during an explosion. The HEADS sensor provides Soldiers and medical professionals alike with an effective tool to help identify Soldiers who may have combat-related head and brain injuries. The HEADS sensor is small enough to fit inside the palm of a person's hand and is mounted beneath the helmet pads of most combat helmets. Once secured and armed, the sensor continuously measures and collects critical and potential life-saving data, including impact location, magnitude, duration, blast pressures, angular and linear accelerations as well as the exact times of single or multiple blast events. The HEADS sensors are designed to only record data exceeding a threshold predetermined by the customer - what might occur with an impulse from a head impact or from a roadside bomb blast, for example. Once that threshold is reached, a visual LED display on the sensor is triggered, alerting the Soldier of a potential head injury. The data within the sensor is easily downloaded via a USB device or summary data through a wireless connection. This is an extremely valuable solution for data download. Antennas can readily scan all available HEADS sensors in a Forward Operating Base and send the data to a computer, identifying any Soldier who may have been involved in a blast or explosion, triggering the sensor. Currently, over 50,000 HEADS sensors have been delivered to the U.S. Army.


text:
The project of smart residential development in Radom is an example of a sustainable complex, based on economical land use and functional design. Six single-family houses of approx. 100 and 120m² create a compact, terraced layout that takes into account well-designed open spaces with small architecture and greenery. The natural slope of the terrain allowed for picturesque, small gardens, separated by low walls, forming together an intimate arrangement adapted to a human scale.
The houses have an ability to incorporate a smart system control for elements such as stoves or blinds, and a set of sensors to increase the safety of use. The project assumes the use of a flexible system in which residents themselves choose smart solution, buing a house.
The architecture of the houses is inspired by a friendly development of small towns, their slow pace of life and close social bonds. The design involves elegant formal divisions of the facades, inviting entrance zones, well-lit living rooms, and strong link to the terraces, exposed to warm southern sun.


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How can I display a UTM Grid as a layer with Leaflet? Search a way to embed a OpenStreetMap map with Leaflet in a website. Particularity. I want to display a UTM Grid as a Layer. In addition, lower right UTM coordinate where the mouse is.
Example with UTM grid and UTM Number:
Does anyone an example?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
Have a look at these blog posts:
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It would be helpful to summarize these blog posts as well, in case the links become broken in the future. – Taylor H. Feb 10 '13 at 2:55
I can tell you the answer for the second question: How to show UTM-coordinates in the lower right corner.
In leaflet the internal coordinate system is always longitude/latitude as far as I know, and you have to transform every time you need to work with your data.
First make sure you have installed proj4.js and proj4leaflet.js. To show your coordinates you can use the plugin:.
Then define your coordinate system and use when you define your map object:
var crs = new L.Proj.CRS.TMS('EPSG:25832',
 '+proj=utm +zone=32 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs',
 [120000, _PHONE_, _PHONE_, _PHONE_],
 {resolutions: [1638.4, 819.2, 0.1]
var map = new L.Map('map', {
 crs: crs,
 continuousWorld: true,
 worldCopyJump: false
The function _onMouseMove() should be modified to something like this:
_onMouseMove: function (e) {
 var my_crs =; // get the coordinate system
 var my_proj = my_crs.projection; // get the projection, which makes the transform
 var my_point = my_proj.project(e.latlng); // Here we transform back to UTM
 var lng = my_point.x;
 var lat = my_point.y;
 var value = this.options.lngFirst? lng + this.options.separator + lat : lat + this.options.separator + lng;
 var prefixAndValue = this.options.prefix +'' + value;
 this._container.innerHTML = prefixAndValue;
You will then get your mouse position in UTM. For more information see the documentation for proj4leaflet and leaflet.mouseposition.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Časopisi po područjima
Croatian Ethnogenesis: A Review of Component Stages and Interpretations (with Emphasis on Eurasian/Nomadic Elements)
Puni tekst: pdf (353 KB),
Str. 251 - 268
In the paper, the authors present certain parameters dealing with the nomadic element, or possible indications of it, in Croatian ethnogenesis. First, a comment is given on the ethnogenetic concept itself, and a working definition of ethnogenesis is suggested. Second, the major components that are considered to have had a role in Croatian ethnogenesis are listed. This discussion is followed by an identification of those elements that could somehow be considered nomadic, or else representative of influences from the Eurasian steppe region. Mention is made of historical sources that confirm or imply the presence of Eurasian nomad groups in the Croatian area, and the relative frequency of archaeological material is noted. The authors analise views of previous and present Croatian and foreign authors on Croatian ethnogenesis, especially in regard to the "Eurasian connection". In this part of the discussion, the Iranian theory of Croat origins is presented in more detail. Finally, the authors briefly address recent genetic (DNA) analyses of the contemporary Croatian population.
Croats; ethnogenesis; Eurasia; theory; ideology
Registracija novih korisnika
Zaboravili ste lozinku?


text:
Become a Biodiversity Champion!
Biodiversity Champions make automatic, recurring gifts to show their ongoing commitment to biodiversity conservation. Like you, we believe that knowledge, well-applied, leads to more lasting conservation of the most threatened plants, animals and ecosystems. With your help, our network of 1,000 experts will help solve the most vexing conservation challenges.
Sign up to make monthly, quarterly, or yearly donations that help build scientific knowledge and create a world that effectively conserves the diversity of life on Earth. You can change or stop your gift at any time by contacting us or calling _PHONE_.


text:
A broad introduction to the complex issue of suicide and approaches to suicide prevention for a range of students and professional groups.
|Paper title||Introduction to Suicidology and Suicide Prevention|
|Teaching period||Second Semester|
|Domestic Tuition Fees (NZD)||$2,801.50|
|International Tuition Fees (NZD)||$9,869.50|
- PSME 429
- Limited to
- Limited to: PGCertHealSc, PGDipHealSc, MHealSc
- This paper includes two on-campus residential periods.
- Teaching staff
Convenors: Sarah McKenzie and Sunny Collings
A variety of general texts and journals relevant to the paper will be available via the library.
- Graduate Attributes Emphasised
- Global perspective, Interdisciplinary perspective, Communication, Critical thinking,
View more information about Otago's graduate attributes.
- Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this paper, students will be able to:
- Demonstrate an understanding of the phenomena of suicide and suicidal behaviours as they relate to individual, community and population levels.
- Demonstrate an understanding of theoretical, cultural, ethnic, gender and life course issues as they relate to suicide and suicidal behaviours in specific population groups.
- Describe and be familiar with research approaches relating to suicide.
- Demonstrate an appreciation of the nature of politics, discourses and contemporary issues within suicide prevention.
- Critically evaluate suicide prevention initiatives/activities as they relate to individuals, communities and population groups.
Enrolments for this paper require departmental permission. View more information about departmental permission.


text:
From a given router, is traceroute the best way to let me see the path traffic is taking?
Imagine that from router, next path is PIX firewall and load balancers. To my understanding, traceroute can't show me whether PIX firewall, load balancers, etc are on the way.
Please clarify whether there are tools or tricks out there which could let me determine the flow of traffic on a given network. Thanks.


text:
What is the purpose of the report?
As with all members of society, our life experiences can affect our mental health, and the armed forces community is no exception to this. British military personnel face unique occupational risks and some require specific mental health services tailored to their needs.
Armed forces charities play an important role in providing mental health support to the armed forces community. Yet, prior to DSC's research, little data had been gathered on these charities. This report provides the first comprehensive overview of the subsector of armed forces charities providing mental health support.
As part of the Focus On series, this report provides more specific analysis of the work of armed forces charities across the UK – in this case, armed forces charities providing mental health support.
In this report, we examine provision made across three areas of mental health: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety, and substance misuse. It is acknowledged that other mental health issues exist; however, the above topics were chosen according to the prevalence of charities reporting on supporting these common areas.
The report aims to provide the reader with:
- Exploration of mental health support offered by charities
- Insights into the beneficiary population
- Assessment of expenditure on mental health provision
- Collaboration, evaluation and standards of practice
In addition, the report includes several case studies to demonstrate the work undertaken to provide mental health support.
This is a unique resource for charities, practitioners, government, policymakers and researchers to understand what armed forces charities do to support members of the armed forces community with mental health.
- This research identified 76 armed forces charities in the UK which clearly provide mental health.
- The most common provision is for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with over three-quarters (75%) of charities providing such support.
- Counselling services were the most commonly provided service.
- Less than one-fifth (18.4%) of charities provide a clinical service (services administered by a registered healthcare professional).
- Armed forces charities providing mental health support currently serve in the region of 7,000-10,000 beneficiaries per year.
- Relatively few charities which deliver mental health services themselves report implementing or working towards common guidelines or standards.
Ray Lock CBE, Chief Executive Forces in Mind Trust: 'It is only right that we invest in credible, independent evidence, such as this report, so that our efforts and resources are deployed where they are most needed, and where they can have the greatest positive effect.'
By placing this order you agree to DSC's terms and conditions:
Terms and conditions


text:
Publisher All in! Games revealed their newest game, Ghostrunner, a hardcore cyberpunk adventure developed by One More Level. Become a cyber-warrior and experience dynamic fights on PC, Xbox One and PS4. Watch the trailer:
A cataclysm has wiped out most of humanity and destroyed the environment. Now, when resources are scarce, the survivors live in a tower built by long-forgotten hands. But the structure is torn by violence, poverty, and chaos. A person's worth depends on the category of implants they have, defining their whole lives. It's no surprise that a rebellion starts.
You are a cyber-warrior, a living weapon, the only one capable of fighting both in the physical world and in cyberspace. Lost and hunted, thrown into the middle of the conflict, you must use this bond with technology to ascend the tower.
- Ascend the tower – use the environment to your advantage and face fast and determined enemies.
- Act fast – armed with a melee weapon, get to the enemies before they have a chance to shoot.
- You are a cyber-warrior – fight both in the physical world and in cyberspace.
- Choose your own strategy – use your special abilities to avoid bullets and eliminate enemies: the dynamic movement system turns combat into a true dance of death.
- Trial and error – you die from one hit, so learn the levels by heart and adapt.


text:
Between January 24-27, 2017 the Sydney Soil Schools team were situated in Vancouver, Canada providing an intensive hands on workshop in digital soil mapping. The team consisted of Prof. Alex McBratney, Prof. Budiman Minansy and Dr. Brendan Malone. They were invited by the Canadian Government whom recently have embarked on a national project of the digital mapping the countries' soil resource, and with a particular interest in mapping soil carbon stocks.
Participants of the workshop included scientists from Agri-Food Canada in addition to scientists from each of the provincial governments of Canada. Other participants included researchers and students (undergraduate and post graduate) from the universities: University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, University of New Brunswick, and the University of Saskatchewan. In total 28 bright and motivated people came for 4 days of all things digital soil mapping.
The course included a short lecture series about the fundamentals of digital soil mapping, and common methods and practices of digital soil mapping. A lecture describing the global efforts of creating a digital soil map of the world (under the auspices of the GlobalSoilMap project) was of particular keen interest to the Canadian participants. More importantly, the course covered a curriculum of learning that is necessary to understand how to do digital soil mapping. The course materials were recently published in the book, Using R for Digital Soil Mapping which was authored by the Sydney Soils School team. These course materials cover the very basics of programmatic scripting, to GIS applications, then to the more complex materials about the data science that underpins the production digital soil maps and their associated uncertainties, among other interesting digital soil related topics.
In all, the 4 day training program and jam packed with learning and importantly, heaps of discussion. From feedback, the course was hugely successful that we believe will provide the necessary starting point for Canada to achieve their aspirational goal of developing a digital soil information system for the country. Despite the cool and sometimes snowing weather conditions, our Canadian hosts were wonderfully warm and keen to learn what the Sydney Soil School had to share.


text:
The PDI App by Equilibria enables you to find out your E-Colors personality style through 35 quick questions.
For many people knowledge and understanding of the E-Colors leads to heightened self-awareness and awareness of others. Become familiar with your Strengths and Potential Limiters as you start your journey towards realizing your potential. The E-Colors process has been used by thousands of people worldwide to improve areas such as communication, self-development, teamwork, leadership and risk management.
The free version of the PDI App will provide you with the following:
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Also known as Designer, Electro-Mechanic, Electro-Mechanical Technician (E/M Technician), Electronic Technician, Engineering Specialist, Engineering Technician, Maintenance Technician, Mechanical Technician, Process Control Tech, Product Test Specialist
Also known as Designer, Electro-Mechanic, Electro-Mechanical Technician (E/M Technician)
Electromechanical Technicians operate, test, maintain, or adjust unmanned, automated, servomechanical, or electromechanical equipment.
In addition, Electromechanical Technicians
Electromechanical Technicians are often responsible for overseeing or executing some or all of the following tasks:
The above responsibilities are specific to Electromechanical Technicians. More generally, Electromechanical Technicians are involved in several broader types of activities:
The median salary for an Electromechanical Technician is $59,800, and the average salary is $62,800. Both the median and average roughly describe the middle of the Electromechanical Technician salary range, but the average is more easily affected by extremely high or low salaries.
Many Electromechanical Technicians earn significantly more or less than the average, due to several factors. About 10% of Electromechanical Technicians earn less than $37,350 per year, 25% earn less than $46,640, 75% earn less than $76,270, and 90% earn less than $95,340.
Between the years of 2020 and 2030, the number of Electromechanical Technicians is expected to change by -2.2%, and there should be roughly 1,200 open positions for Electromechanical Technicians every year.
Career interests describe a person's preferences for different types of working environments and activities. When a person's interest match the demands of an occupation, people are usually more engaged and satisfied in that role.
Compared to most occupations, those who work as an Electromechanical Technician are usually higher in their Realistic, Investigative, and Conventional interests.
Electromechanical Technicians typically have very strong Realistic interests. Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
Also, Electromechanical Technicians typically have strong Investigative interests. Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
Lastly, Electromechanical Technicians typically have strong Conventional interests. Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.
People differ in their values, or what is most important to them for building job satisfaction and fulfillment.
Compared to most people, those working as an Electromechanical Technician tend to value Relationships, Support, and Working Conditions.
Most importantly, Electromechanical Technicians strongly value Relationships. Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment.
Second, Electromechanical Technicians strongly value Support. Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees.
Lastly, Electromechanical Technicians moderately value Working Conditions. Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions.
Each occupation brings its own set of psychological demands, which describe the characteristics necessary to perform the job well.
In order to perform their job successfully, people who work as Electromechanical Technicians must consistently demonstrate qualities such as attention to detail, initiative, and persistence.
Below, you'll find a list of qualities typically required of Electromechanical Technicians, ranked by importance:
Electromechanical Technicians often have training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.
Electromechanical Technicians usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with this occupation.
Electromechanical Technicians may benefit from understanding of specialized subject areas, such as mechanical, computers and electronics, or engineering and technology knowledge.
The list below shows several areas in which most Electromechanical Technicians might want to build proficiency, ranked by importance.
Electromechanical Technicians must develop a particular set of abilities to perform their job well. Abilities are individual capacities that influence a person's information processing, sensory perception, motor coordination, and physical strength or endurance. Individuals may naturally have certain abilities without explicit training, but most abilities can be sharpened somewhat through practice.
For example, Electromechanical Technicians need abilities such as control precision, arm-hand steadiness, and finger dexterity in order to perform their job at a high level. The list below shows several important abilities for Electromechanical Technicians, ranked by their relative importance.
Skills are developed capacities that enable people to function effectively in real-world settings. Unlike abilities, skills are typically easier to build through practice and experience. Skills influence effectiveness in areas such as learning, working with others, design, troubleshooting, and more.
Electromechanical Technicians frequently use skills like operations monitoring, monitoring, and troubleshooting to perform their job effectively. The list below shows several critical skills for Electromechanical Technicians, ranked by their relative importance.
The information provided on this page is adapted from data and descriptions published by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration under the CC BY 4.0 license. TraitLab has modified some information for ease of use and reading, and the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment, and Training Administration has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
If you have any questions or suggestions about this information, please send a message.


Managing memory
Managing memory
One tricky aspect of bridging two languages with automatic memory management such as R and Haskell is that we must be careful that the garbage collectors (GC) of both languages see eye-to-eye. The embedded R instance manages objects in its own heap, separate from the heap that the GHC runtime manages. However, objects from one heap can reference objects in the other heap and the other way around. This can make garbage collection unsafe because neither GC's have a global view of the object graph, only a partial view corresponding to the objects in the heaps of each GC.
Memory protection
Fortunately, R provides a mechanism to "protect" objects from garbage collection until they are unprotected. We can use this mechanism to prevent R's GC from deallocating objects that are still referenced by at least one object in the Haskell heap.
One particular difficulty with protection is that one must not forget to unprotect objects that have been protected, in order to avoid memory leaks. inline-r uses "regions" for pinning an object in memory and guaranteeing unprotection when the control flow exits a region.
Memory regions
There is currently one global region for R values, but in the future inline-r will have support for multiple (nested) regions. A region is opened with the runRegion action, which creates a new region and executes the given action in the scope of that region. All allocation of R values during the course of the execution of the given action will happen within this new region. All such values will remain protected (i.e. pinned in memory) within the region. Once the action returns, all allocated R values are marked as deallocatable garbage all at once.
runRegion :: (forall s. R s a) -> IO a
Automatic memory management
Nested regions work well as a memory management discipline for simple scenarios when the lifetime of an object can easily be made to fit within nested scopes. For more complex scenarios, it is often much easier to let memory be managed completely automatically, though at the cost of some memory overhead and performance penalty. inline-r provides a mechanism to attach finalizers to R values. This mechanism piggybacks Haskell's GC to notify R's GC when it is safe to deallocate a value.
automatic :: MonadR m => R.SEXP s a -> m (R.SEXP G a)
In this way, values may be deallocated far earlier than reaching the end of a region: As soon as Haskell's GC recognizes a value to no longer be reachable, and if the R GC agrees, the value is prone to be deallocated. Because automatic values have a lifetime independent of the scope of the current region, they are tagged with the global region G (a type synonym for GlobalRegion).
For example:
do x <- [r| 1:1000 |]
 y <- [r| 2 |]
 return $ automatic [r| x_hs * y_hs |]
Automatic values can be mixed freely with other values.
Diagnosing memory problems
A good way to stress test whether R values are being protected adequately is to turn on gctorture:
main = withEmbeddedR $ do
 [r| gctorture2(1, 0, TRUE) |]
This instructs R to run a GC sweep at every allocation, hence making it much more likely to detect inadequately protected objects. It is recommended to use a version of R that has been compiled with --enable-strict-barrier.
See the Haddock generated documentation for the Language.R.GC module for further details, and the R documentation for gctorture().


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Life Extension Magazine
Can Blueberry Extracts Halt Metabolic Syndrome?
Can Blueberry Extracts Halt Metabolic Syndrome?
The ability of blueberry polyphenols to combat diabetes first gained scientific validation over 80 years ago. This groundbreaking data appeared in mainstream medicine's revered bastion of knowledge—the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
This landmark JAMA report published in 1927 revealed the ability of a specific blueberry extract to slash blood sugar levels.1 The totality of the evidence was so compelling, the author called it the one compound to date that came closest to curing diabetes.
Of course, the conventional physicians on JAMA's editorial board saw fit to refute these findings. They argued that such extracts could not be standardized, dismissing the blueberry compounds under study as a "new and non-official remedy." Mainstream doctors today persist in making similar pronouncements about natural interventions.
Life Extension® members know better.
In this article, you will discover up-to-date data vindicating blueberry polyphenols' promise in combating the factors that result in deadly metabolic syndrome—the co-occurrence of insulin resistance, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and abnormal blood lipid profiles that increases the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
You will learn how blueberries may boost insulin sensitivity, lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and improve leptin sensitivity, which has been associated with reduced appetite and lower body weight.
You'll also discover the potential of blueberry polyphenols to halt the progress of the disease in humans who are already diabetic. Finally, detailed evidence is presented of the potential ability of blueberry extract to combat multiple forms of cancer—for which metabolic syndrome sufferers are at greater risk than the general population.2
Defusing Diabetic Risk Factors
Researchers around the world have been steadily amassing evidence of blueberry polyphenols' anti-diabetic action on carbohydrate metabolism—the core physiological function that becomes pathologic in diabetics.
Defusing Diabetic Risk Factors
Some of the most recent published studies3-6 highlight the capacity of blueberry extract to protect against elevated glucose and hyperglycemic toxicity,7,8 facilitate absorption of glucose into muscle tissue,9 and to thwart adipogenesis,10 the formation of new body fat stores. Biochemical assays have also shown that blueberry extracts are potent inhibitors of the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes, which break down dietary starch into glucose for absorption into the blood.11,12
Recent pre-clinical models have confirmed their anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. In a 2010 study,13 control groups of mice were fed either a lowor high-fat diet, while experimental groups also received blueberry juice or extracts in their drinking water.
After 72 days, the high-fat diet control group showed increased body weight and higher body fat percentage compared to the low-fat group. However, when the high-fat groups that also received blueberry juice or extract were examined, they exhibited no difference in body fat compared to the low-fat group.
In other words, the simple addition of concentrated blueberry polyphenols into the high-fat diet group blocked body fat accumulation.
The same held true for fasting glucose levels. The high-fat diet control group exhibited very high fasting glucose, whereas the high-fat group given blueberry extracts was found to have fasting glucose levels identical to the low-fat group. Blood levels of the hormone leptin, secreted by fat cells and sometimes called "the hunger hormone," rose significantly in the high-fat diet group, while the blueberry-supplemented high-fat group showed lowered leptin levels. (Reduced blood leptin has been associated with reduced appetite and lower body weight.)
The authors added that blueberry juice did not prove as effective as blueberry extract in attaining these results.
A similar experimental model revealed normalization of elevated blood lipids—cholesterol and triglycerides in particular—in mice given a high-fat diet that were also fed blueberry extracts or whole blueberries.14 The experimental group fed blueberry extracts gained less weight and had lower body fat than animals fed the high-fat diet alone.
Researchers also noted in this study that they did not observe the same lipid-lowering effect in the group fed whole berries as opposed to purified berry extract.
Other scientists have corroborated these findings using an enriched blueberry juice with high antioxidant and polyphenol content.9 The experimental group whose drinking water contained this fortified blueberry juice ate less, weighed less, and had lower blood sugar levels than controls.
A Potent Intervention in Pre-Diabetic Humans
These remarkable results have prompted researchers to examine blueberry's impact on blood lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, and cardiovascular health in aging humans at risk for diabetes—or already diabetic. Some have identified a role for blueberry extracts in halting the progression to full-blown diabetes in at-risk or pre-diabetic individuals.
In a recent double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 32 obese, insulin-resistant (pre-diabetic) adult men and women drank smoothies made with freeze-dried blueberry powder for six weeks. A placebo control group consumed smoothies without blueberry extracts.5
Participants were carefully screened and counseled by dieticians both before and during the study to avoid eating other anthocyanin-rich foods or beverages. In another measure of the study's rigor, participants were also instructed about ways to decrease caloric intake to compensate for the caloric energy load of their twice-daily smoothies. Further, blood samples were obtained following a fasting period with a clamp technique considered state-of-the-art for precise determination of insulin sensitivity. Besides measurements of body composition, weight, and adiposity, blood was also drawn for a host of inflammatory markers.
With no changes in body weight or composition compared to controls, the blueberry group showed a statistically significant and much greater improvement in insulin sensitivity (22.2% plus or minus 5.8%) versus the placebo arm (4.9% plus or minus 4.5%).
Another study15 examined 48 individuals afflicted with metabolic syndrome, the constellation of pathologies that includes high blood pressure, central obesity (around the abdomen), elevated blood glucose, insulin resistance, and unfavorable lipid profiles (high LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol).
In this randomized, controlled trial, participants consumed a freeze-dried blueberry drink or an equal amount of fluids. After eight weeks, the blueberry group experienced greater decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings, compared with the control group. The test group also exhibited lower levels of oxidized LDL and other inflammatory markers associated with the metabolic syndrome.
What You Need to Know: Blueberry Extracts and Metabolic Syndrome
 - What You Need to Know: Blueberry Extracts and Metabolic Syndrome
 Blueberry polyphenols' power to combat diabetes first gained scientific validation in this country over 80 years ago in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
 - As conventional medicine has ignored these findings ever since, researchers are confirming blueberry polyphenols' role in targeting factors that contribute to metabolic syndrome.
 - They have been shown to combat high blood sugar, obesity, adverse blood lipid profiles, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and full-blown diabetes.
 - Blueberry polyphenols have also emerged recently as potentially powerful anti-cancer agents—an important finding since those with metabolic syndrome are at much greater risk for a horrifically wide range of cancers than the general population.
Blueberry Extract's Anti-Cancer Power
As detailed in the November 2010 issue of Life Extension Magazine®, diabetics are predisposed to a horrifically wide array of cancers, including those of the breast, liver, colon, pancreas, endometrium (uterine lining), kidney, and possibly other tissues.16-18 Just as the anti-diabetic drug metformin has proven a potent anti-cancer agent, blueberry extracts are emerging as powerful chemopreventive interventions as well.
In vitro studies have revealed a host of anti-cancer properties shared by blueberry anthocyanins and other flavonoids found in brightly colored fruits and vegetables.19 Their biochemical structure enables them to powerfully neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS). By inflicting damage to cell structure and DNA, ROS can induce the development of cancer in healthy cells. Using many different types of cancer cell lines in the laboratory, scientists have demonstrated anthocyanins' capacity to neutralize harmful ROS.
Blueberry Extract Improves Pancreatic Cell Function
Blueberry Extract Improves Pancreatic Cell Function
At the molecular level, researchers are discovering how berry polyphenols favorably influence the balancing act of energy needs fueled by sugar and the hyperglycemia that results from excess sugar in the bloodstream.
Scientists have zeroed in on blueberry anthocyanins, part of a vast group of more than 600 water-soluble phytochemicals that give many fruits and vegetables the deep blue, purple, red and near-black colors seen in vegetables such as radishes and fruits such as black raspberries and blueberries.30
Anthocyanins comprise part of a larger class of plant pigments and flavone-derived plant products known as flavonoids. Both classes of phytochemicals are encompassed by the antioxidant supergroup known as polyphenols, carbon-containing organic compounds with a wide range of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and blood sugar-regulating actions.
In particular, in vitro studies carried out using cultured rodent pancreatic insulin-producing cell lines showed that delphinidin-3-glucoside, the pigmentary compound that gives blueberries their deep blue color, stimulated insulin secretion more than other tested anthocyanins.4 This means they may boost much-needed insulin production in pancreatic cells damaged by diabetes.
Researchers have discovered that blueberry anthocyan


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Apply the Connection to Complete the Sentence
In this worksheet, students will identify the connection between the first two words so they can select the two words which best complete the sentence.
'Apply the Connection to Complete the Sentence' worksheet
Key stage: KS 2
Curriculum topic: Verbal Reasoning
Curriculum subtopic: Word Connections
Difficulty level:
Worksheet Overview
Greetings word detective!
Can you spot which word from the set of brackets would best finish this sentence??
Oven is to cook as refrigerator is to (store, chill, food).
First, we have to work out how the word oven is connected to the word cook. We cook in an oven, so we need to find a word which is something that we use a refrigerator for.
The correct answer is chill as we chill food in a refrigerator.
Now, let's make it more challenging.
We must pick one word from each set of brackets that can be connected to the word in front of it in the same way.
Let's look at this question:
Rest is to (relax, energy, exercise) as fit is to (exhausted, athletic, training).
First, we need to find a connection between rest and one of the words in brackets. We can connect rest to relax as they have similar meanings. These are called synonyms.
This means we need to find an synonym for fit, which is athletic.
The correct answers are relax and athletic as they are both synonyms of the words that come before them.
Let's try another:
Grape is to (vine, fruit, sweet) as raspberry is to (tree, bush, red).
First, we need to find a connection between grape and one of the words in brackets.
Vine is connected to grape as grapes grow on vines. Also fruit is connected to grape as a grape is a type of fruit.
We need to see if one of these connections can be made with raspberry and the words in brackets that are linked to it.
With raspberries, they grow on a bush.
We have found the connection!
It's the name given to the plants the fruits grow on.
Now it's your turn.
Remember to find those connections!
Connection Example
Synonyms (similar meanings) Start is to begin
Antonyms (opposite meanings) On is to off
What something is made of Shirt is to cotton
What goes inside of Tea is to teapot
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text:
The main view can be accessed by either:
1. Clicking the PeakHour icon / target information in the menu bar.
2. Clicking the PeakHour icon in the Dock.
Main View features
This graph points out the primary feature of the main view:
The graph toolbar appears when mousing over the graph area.
From left to right, the controls are:
|Zoom out||Zooms out the graph view, increasing the amount of time shown.|
|Zoom slider||Adjusts the graph zoom|
|Zoom in||Zooms in the graph view, decreasing the amount of time shown.|
|Lock / unlock graph scale|
When locked, the graph's vertical scale adjusts to the visible area.
|Toggle absolute / relative times||Toggles absolute time-of-day times (e.g. 8:39pm) vs. relative times (e.g. 13m) on the graph's Y axis.|
|Share||Share the graph via Email, iMessage, AirDrop etc.|
|History||Opens the History view for this target.|


text:
CERCA provides services to address the broad range of evaluation needs an agency or organization may encounter. After extensive experience and collaborations with social service and public health agencies across the public and private sectors, CERCA has developed a standardized format to uniformly present and assess the evaluation needs of most organizations. The categories included in this standardized format emerged from the variety of needs that CERCA has addressed with past clientele. The categories for program evaluation needs that CERCA addresses are as follows:
- Design Needs Evaluation design encompasses those elements required for any focused or comprehensive evaluation plan. Consideration of evaluation design needs addresses those decisions necessary to be considered when planning and conducting an evaluation. Design needs refer to such requirements as the development of logic models which illustrate theoretical relationships between program inputs, activities, outputs, and objectives, the development of measurement instruments (e.g., surveys & interview protocols), developing research questions, and determining evaluation methodology and analyses. More specifically, design needs also address programmatic functions such as developing evaluation plans, contract development, and strategic planning.
- Monitoring Needs Monitoring is an essential component of any evaluation practice. Monitoring represents the on-going activity of tracking program progress against planned objectives and goals. Effective monitoring systems, however simple or sophisticated, facilitate regular oversight of program implementation and provide data to determine if progress is being made toward achieving objectives. Monitoring needs refer to those systems and practices that must be maintained or developed to track the implementation and/or progress of programs and their components. These same tasks related to monitoring also apply to programmatic needs to track contract deliverables.
- Reporting Needs Reporting needs refer to those requirements that an organization may have in response to state and federal authorities to report on progress towards achieving objectives. Examples include: Interim and Annual reports to the CDC, reports to state legislative and executive branches, and reports to private foundations.
- Technical Assistance & Consultation In order to ensure the appropriate and accurate implementation of programs and respective monitoring and evaluation systems, the expertise of evaluation researchers may occasionally be required by organizations and program staff. Technical assistance and consultation refer to any need a program may have that requires the expertise of program evaluators to do such things as reviewing, editing, advising, planning, facilitating, training, or strategizing on evaluation-related activities.
- Implementation & Management Implementation needs refer to any needs a program may have for evaluation researchers to actually conduct an evaluation study or components of a study. Implementation practices include, but are not limited to data collection, quantitative and qualitative analysis, and report writing. Evaluation management needs refer to any oversight of external evaluation contracts required by program staff, with specific focus on the timely submission of contract deliverables.
- Dissemination In order to contribute to bodies of knowledge regarding best, promising, and emerging practices to promote health and address chronic diseases, in addition to increasing the public profile of an agency or organization by highlighting successes and challenges, the expertise of evaluation researchers may need to be utilized by program staff. Dissemination occurs in a variety of formats such as in conference presentations and posters, journal articles, published reports, and participation/representation in professional organizations, workgroups, committees, etc.


text:
Answer to Question #1856 Submitted to "Ask the Experts"
Category: Policy, Guidelines, and Regulations
The following question was answered by an expert in the appropriate field:
Where would I find information regarding state regulations for radiation protective garments, such as a lead apron? Is this a state-regulated item? Does the Food and Drug Administration set the guidelines?
Regulations vary from state to state regarding protective garments such as lead aprons. Since a particular state was not specified in your question, a list of contacts for each state radiation control program can be found at the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors website. For example, Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana all have similar requirements for possession and use of lead aprons for gonadal shielding and for shielding of individuals present in radiographic and fluoroscopy rooms. However, details and thickness requirements vary from state to state, and none of the states mentioned above lists requirements for testing intervals of protective garments. Information on lead aprons and recommendations for testing them are given below.
Ken "Duke" Lovins, MS, CHP
Lead Apron Inspection
Lead aprons are used in medical facilities to protect workers and patients from unnecessary radiation exposure from diagnostic radiology procedures. Due to standards set forth by the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), health care organizations must perform inspections on medical equipment, including lead aprons. The JCAHO standard does not dictate inspection frequency, method, or rejection criteria. This allows facilities to develop their own policies and procedures to evaluate their lead aprons. Typically, a facility will perform an inspection of each apron on an annual basis. Some facilities choose to survey their aprons on a more frequent basis, such as every six months. This may be recommended if aprons are heavily used and/or are not always properly stored after use (folded or piled up instead of placed on a hanger). The inspection consists of a visual check to look for obvious tears, cuts, or rips, etc., and a check using x rays to verify the shielding integrity of the apron. For facilities that have fluoroscopy, the apron is placed on the table and checked using the automatic brightness control. This is usually a fairly simple procedure since the equipment will adjust itself to "see through" the apron. Using fluoroscopy, defects such as pinholes, cracks, and tears show up as very bright (white) areas. If fluoroscopy is not available, then a radiographic unit may be used to x ray the apron one section at a time. In this method, a film cassette is placed under a part of the apron and an appropriate exposure is made and the film is examined for defects in the apron. On film, defects show up as very dark areas. For either method, try x raying over the seams to see the rows of pinholes caused by sewing the edge onto the apron. This will show that holes, etc., that go all the way through the apron will be very obvious (due to the extreme contrast seen). There are two recent articles that address lead aprons (referenced below). One addresses implementing an inspection program and includes techniques for testing aprons, and the other proposes a rejection criteria based on effective dose equivalent (essentially, whole-body dose based on dose to various critical organs).
Answer posted on 1 May 2002. The information and material posted on this website is intended as general reference information only. Specific facts and circumstances may alter the concepts and applications of materials and information described herein. The information provided is not a substitute for professional advice and should not be relied upon in the absence of such professional advice specific to whatever facts and circumstances are presented in any given situation. Answers are correct at the time they are posted on the Website. Be advised that over time, some requirements could change, new data could be made available, or Internet links could change. For answers that have been posted for several months or longer, please check the current status of the posted information prior to using the responses for specific applications.
|This page last updated 27 August 2011. Ask Question | Search ATE | Site Map | Privacy Statement | Disclaimer | Webmaster|


text:
Wheat Crop is in Tough Shape
MANHATTAN - Heading into Thanksgiving week, the 2013 wheat crop is rated at just 30% good to excellent – the second poorest wheat crop in mid-November that Kansas Agricultural Statistics has ever recorded.
Wheat farmers should be scouting fields to see whether pest, weed or nutrient problems exist, suggests Jim Shroyer, wheat specialist at Kansas State University. Throughout Kansas, the crop is in various stages of growth and conditions. At K-State's Agronomy Farm north of Manhattan, the agronomist sees a couple of issues that could impact the crop.
"The first thing I saw is poor growth of secondary roots, or crown roots," he says. "This lack of crown root development is due to dry topsoils. A wheat plant should ideally have a well-developed crown root system by now to help prepare it to survive the winter."
Shroyer notes that at the Agronomy Farm, the crown root is starting to grow. In a normal year, the crown root system is, or should be, much more extensive than the primary root system. Crown roots take up most of the water and nutrients from the soil, so they are very important for the plant to survive the winter. Also, crown roots anchor the plant to the ground.
"By this point in the season, there should be a much more extensive crown root system than what I found," Shroyer says. "All we need is some moisture in the soil and these roots would quickly begin developing."
Primary roots coming from the seed take up water and nutrients throughout the whole growing season, but there aren't very many of these roots, and they will not support a plant with one or two tillers for very long.
Farmers throughout Kansas agree that the crop is challenged so far.
Scott City farmer Rich Randall says the dryland wheat in Scott County is mostly in fair shape, but just needs precipitation. "About 20% of the dryland wheat is in poor condition. Some of it has been re-planted at least once and is short of moisture," he says.
This fall is unique in that it has stayed warm for so long. "The wheat isn't going into dormancy like it should by this time of the year," he adds. Actively growing wheat, he adds, requires soil moisture, which is in short supply this fall.
Justin Knopf, who farms near Salina, says primary and crown roots are slow to develop. "The crop has not grown actively, mostly due to lack of moisture. Temperatures have been conducive to root development, but we just haven't had any rain," he says. In the last 12 months, Knopf's area of Saline County has received about 12-inches less rain than the average of 29-inches.
Knopf says wheat is a grass and therefore "tillers," to branch out and grow extra plants. This fall, however, very little tillering has taken place. "Overall, the plant doesn't seem to be healthy or vigorous," he explains. "We're not in a big hurry to apply fertilizer on the crop. We just wait and hope for some winter moisture."


finds the peak value from each sensor in 1 minute event time windows, and producing a stream of Tuples containing (key, end-of-window-timestamp, max_value).
ProcessWindowFunction Example #
DataStream input =...
 .keyBy(x -> x.key)
 .process(new MyWastefulMax());
public static class MyWastefulMax extends ProcessWindowFunction<
 SensorReading, // input type
 Tuple3, // output type
 String, // key type
 TimeWindow> { // window type
 public void process(
 String key,
 Context context,
 Iterable events,
 Collector> out) {
 int max = 0;
 for (SensorReading event : events) {
 max = Math.max(event.value, max);
 out.collect(Tuple3.of(key, context.window().getEnd(), max));
A couple of things to note in this implementation:
 - All of the events assigned to the window have to be buffered in keyed Flink state until the window is triggered. This is potentially quite expensive.
 - Our ProcessWindowFunction is being passed a Context object which contains information about the window. Its interface looks like this:
public abstract class Context implements {
 public abstract W window();
 public abstract long currentProcessingTime();
 public abstract long currentWatermark();
 public abstract KeyedStateStore windowState();
 public abstract KeyedStateStore globalState();
windowState and globalState are places where you can store per-key, per-window, or global per-key information for all windows of that key. This might be useful, for example, if you want to record something about the current window and use that when processing a subsequent window.
Incremental Aggregation Example #
DataStream input =...
 .keyBy(x -> x.key)
 .reduce(new MyReducingMax(), new MyWindowFunction());
private static class MyReducingMax implements ReduceFunction {
 public SensorReading reduce(SensorReading r1, SensorReading r2) {
 return r1.value() > r2.value()? r1 : r2;
private static class MyWindowFunction extends ProcessWindowFunction<
 SensorReading, Tuple3, String, TimeWindow> {
 public void process(
 String key,
 Context context,
 Iterable maxReading,
 Collector> out) {
 SensorReading max = maxReading.iterator().next();
Notice that the Iterable will contain exactly one reading – the pre-aggregated maximum computed by MyReducingMax.
Late Events #
By default, when using event time windows, late events are dropped. There are two optional parts of the window API that give you more control over this.
You can arrange for the events that would be dropped to be collected to an alternate output stream instead, using a mechanism called Side Outputs. Here is an example of what that might look like:
OutputTag lateTag = new OutputTag("late"){};
SingleOutputStreamOperator result = stream.
DataStream lateStream = result.getSideOutput(lateTag);
You can also specify an interval of allowed lateness during which the late events will continue to be assigned to the appropriate window(s) (whose state will have been retained). By default each late event will cause the window function to be called again (sometimes called a late firing).
By default the allowed lateness is 0. In other words, elements behind the watermark are dropped (or sent to the side output).
For example:
When the allowed lateness is greater than zero, only those events that are so late that they would be dropped are sent to the side output (if it has been configured).
Surprises #
Some aspects of Flink's windowing API may not behave in the way you would expect. Based on frequently asked questions on the flink-user mailing list and elsewhere, here are some facts about windows that may surprise you.
Sliding Windows Make Copies #
Sliding window assigners can create lots of window objects, and will copy each event into every relevant window. For example, if you have sliding windows every 15 minutes that are 24-hours in length, each event will be copied into 4 * 24 = 96 windows.
Time Windows are Aligned to the Epoch #
Just because you are using hour-long processing-time windows and start your application running at 12:05 does not mean that the first window will close at 1:05. The first window will be 55 minutes long and close at 1:00.
Note, however, that the tumbling and sliding window assigners take an optional offset parameter that can be used to change the alignment of the windows. See Tumbling Windows and Sliding Windows for details.
Windows Can Follow Windows #
For example, it works to do this:
 .keyBy(t -> t.key)
 .window()
 .reduce()
 .windowAll()
 .reduce();
You might expect Flink's runtime to be smart enough to do this parallel pre-aggregation for you (provided you are using a ReduceFunction or AggregateFunction), but it's not.
The reason why this works is that the events produced by a time window are assigned timestamps based on the time at the end of the window. So, for example, all of the events produced by an hour-long window will have timestamps marking the end of an hour. Any subsequent window consuming those events should have a duration that is the same as, or a multiple of, the previous window.
No Results for Empty TimeWindows #
Windows are only created when events are assigned to them. So if there are no events in a given time frame, no results will be reported.
Late Events Can Cause Late Merges #
Session windows are based on an abstraction of windows that can merge. Each element is initially assigned to a new window, after which windows are merged whenever the gap between them is small enough. In this way, a late event can bridge the gap separating two previously separate sessions, producing a late merge.
Back to top
Hands-on #
The hands-on exercise that goes with this section is the Hourly Tips Exercise.
Further Reading #
Back to top


text:
What is the official name of the RDH12 gene?
The official name of this gene is "retinol dehydrogenase 12 (all-trans/9-cis/11-cis)."
RDH12 is the gene's official symbol. The RDH12 gene is also known by other names, listed below.
Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.
What is the normal function of the RDH12 gene?
- From Entrez Gene:
The protein encoded by this gene is an NADPH-dependent retinal reductase whose highest activity is toward 9-cis and all-trans-retinol. The encoded enzyme also plays a role in the metabolism of short-chain aldehydes but does not exhibit steroid dehydrogenase activity. Defects in this gene are a cause of Leber congenital amaurosis type 3 (LCA3). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
- From UniProt:
Exhibits an oxidoreductive catalytic activity towards retinoids. Most efficient as an NADPH-dependent retinal reductase. Displays high activity toward 9-cis and all-trans-retinol. Also involved in the metabolism of short-chain aldehydes. No steroid dehydrogenase activity detected. Might be the key enzyme in the formation of 11-cis-retinal from 11-cis-retinol during regeneration of the cone visual pigments.
How are changes in the RDH12 gene related to health conditions?
- Genetics Home Reference provides information about these conditions associated with changes in the RDH12 gene:
- UniProt provides the following information about the RDH12 gene's known or predicted involvement in human disease.
Leber congenital amaurosis 13 (LCA13): A severe dystrophy of the retina, typically becoming evident in the first years of life. Visual function is usually poor and often accompanied by nystagmus, sluggish or near-absent pupillary responses, photophobia, high hyperopia and keratoconus. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Retinitis pigmentosa 53 (RP53): A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Entrez Gene lists the following diseases or traits (phenotypes) known or believed to be associated with changes in the RDH12 gene.
- Leber congenital amaurosis 13
- UniProt and Entrez Gene cite these articles in OMIM, a catalog designed for genetics professionals and researchers that provides detailed information about genetic conditions and genes.
Where is the RDH12 gene located?
Cytogenetic Location: 14q24.1
Molecular Location on chromosome 14: base pairs 68,168,602 to 68,201,167
The RDH12 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 14 at position 24.1.
More precisely, the RDH12 gene is located from base pair 68,168,602 to base pair 68,201,167 on chromosome 14.
See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? in the Handbook.
Where can I find additional information about RDH12?
You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about RDH12 helpful.
- Genetic Testing Registry - Repository of genetic test information
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.
- OMIM - Genetic disorder catalog
- Research Resources - Tools for researchers
What other names do people use for the RDH12 gene or gene products?
Where can I find general information about genes?
The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.
These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.
What glossary definitions help with understanding RDH12?
The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for
professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about
a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified
See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook.


text:
Over a twenty–year period, organized groups of concerned citizens regularly met with Canada's Prime Minister and Immigration Minister, bringing attention to the devastating reality of family separation in Chinese Canadian communities. Wong Foon Sien was a prominent voice in this movement, lobbying Ottawa annually. In 1957, the lobbying party included one woman, Jean Lumb, who represented women's interests. These efforts secured hard–won changes to immigration regulations, allowing more Chinese Canadians to sponsor a wider range of family members, notably unmarried offspring, husbands and wives, and elderly parents.
Family reunification and illegal immigration: 1947–1966
Appeal for change to the Chinese Immigration Act, Ottawa, Ontario, 1957. Multicultural History Society of Ontario, Jean Lumb Collection, G–4–1.
Chinese Canadians meet with Prime Minister John Diefenbaker (1957)
Family Reunifications and Illegal Immigration:


text:
23.0 x 16.0cm
The Mingei movement was a Western-inspired craft movement, distinguished by its appreciation of, and inspiration from, European and Japanese folk crafts. Its most representative artist is perhaps Hamada Shôji. In 1920 Hamada accompanied the British potter Bernard Leach (who had studied pottery in Japan) to England. After Hamada returned to Japan in 1924, the two potters kept in touch, visiting and holding exhibitions together. Their works were largely inspired by English slipware and other folk pottery, and were given a theoretical support by Yanagi Soetsu (_PHONE_), a religious philosopher who claimed that the supreme beauty of craft was found in pieces made by anonymous craftspeople for use by ordinary people. The theory, rather ironically promoted by works of prominent artists such as Hamada and Leach (who published Yanagi's theory under the title 'The unknown craftsman'), was embraced by many craftspeople. In Japan, the style has been continued by potters such as Kawai Takeichi and Shimaoka Tatsuzô.
'The Mingei Style', The Asian Collections, AGNSW, 2003, pg.268.
'Ceramics', The Asian Collections Art Gallery of New South Wales 2003, 2003, 268 (colour illus.).


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I am debugging a python program with pdb. The program will start a new thread.
newThread = Thread(group = None,target = dosomething,name = "thename",
 args = (),kwargs = {})
def dosomething():
Use the normal pdb command e.g. -b to set break point in the line of the new thread(e.g. line of balaba), seems will not trigger the breakpoint.
The question I want to ask is: is there a way I can break into the new thread target function to look into the behavor the new thread?
share|improve this question
This code doesn't run. Could you past your real code? – Mike Jun 19 '12 at 0:00
1 Answer 1
One problem to begin with, you have to explicitly start the thread by using.start() - they do not start automatically when you create your Thread object (assuming you are using Python's built in threading library?).
then see if your line of code is triggered using your debug method.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Berlin Wall Causes of Fall?
Berlin wall came down On Nov. 9, 1989.had stood since 1961.
1 Additional Answer Answer for: when did the berlin wall fall
The Berlin Wall, first erected August 13, 1961, was built to prevent people from East Berlin from crossing the border to West Berlin and was taken down on November 9, 1989.
The Berlin Wall, which lasted for 28 years, was a symbol of the Cold War and the oppressive Soviet regime.
Q&A Related to "Berlin Wall Causes of Fall?"
On November 9, 1989 the Berlin Wall fell. It was built in 1961 between the borders of East and West Berlin. On November 9, 2009 marked the 20th anniversary of the wall coming down
Generally, the world. The Berlin Wall was a small physical representation of the Iron Curtain. The Iron Curtain divided Europe into East and West Germany and Berlin was at the heart
Built by East Germany to keep people from leaving, the wall was dismantled in a
I'm going to answer as though you mean the fall of the Wall as a border because there were two parts to the change. I was at the fall of the Wall as well as the subsequent Wiedervereinigung
Explore this Topic
The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to prevent East Berliners fleeing to the West. As Communism in the Soviet Republic and Eastern Europe began to crumble, pressure...
The Berlin Wall fell down because people in the Communist countries rised up against the Communist system. The fall of the Berlin Wall had started with the building...
Most people know the basics of the Berlin Wall falling without understanding the true meaning. The wall was a symbol of the cold war and the communist oppression...


text:
The Diary for the year 2022 has a theme article on The Glory of Prasanthi Nilayam, and a six pages write-up under the captions:
- Bhajans for Unity, Purity, Divinity
- The Sri Sathya Sai Mission of Veda Posahana and
- Seva and Sadhana. It also has inspiring quotations of Bhagawan at the bottom of each of the two-colour diary inner pages.
- This book contains all the messages about "Gayatri Manta" as told or written by Bhagwan.
- The contents are picked from various speeches of Bhagwan during various occasions.
- The research team had spent 8 months and have browsed through 3000 discourses, 15 Vahinis written by Bhagwan and 15 Summer Showers to bring out this unique and invaluable treasure store on "Gayatri Mantra".
- This book has two partsthe first part is in English and the second part is in Tamil (translation of the English part), thus catering to both the section of readers.


text:
90 Day Regimen Breakthrough – Week 6
The cardinal point of recreation (activity, exercise, creativity)
The four cardinal points of regimen all work together synergistically, and this week's focus is on the point of "Recreation" (or activity, exercise, and creativity).
Movement and Activity
Our physical body and its functions runs off the saying "use it or lose it" – the predominantly sedentary modern style of work and play has contributed to a generation of increasing chronic illness and dysfunction, which is often treated through unnecessary drugs or surgical procedures. Taking good care of this point of regimen not only avoids all of this, but provides you with a very good source of life energy, and deep pleasure in your life.
Homework from this video:
- What is the most pleasurable physical activity for you (whether you currently do it, used to do it, or have always wanted to try it)?
- Are you more encouraged to do exercise or activity in an an organized group (extrovert), or as a solo endeavour (introvert)?
- Write down all the excuses you have used or are currently using as to why you cannot exercise regularly. Is 'exercise' a four letter word to you?
Slow Burn and PACE :
The 2 sides of the polarity of movement, within the cardinal point of recreation, are strength training, and cardio. The most effective forms are "Slow Burn" and "PACE", respectively.
Hahn's demonstration of Door Knob Squats:
A demonstration of Peak 8:
I Like the spirit of this video – a sense of fun and enjoyment, while following the framework of principles of healthy movement and recreation.
Homework from the "Slow Burn and PACE" video:
- Are you over or under-exercising?
- Have you incorporated both sides of the exercise polarity? Which side is easier or more desirable to you?
- What feelings do you have about your exercise routine (whether positive or negative, and whether you are more on the over or under active side of this cardinal point).


text:
You use the print function in Carerix. In the print preview you see more information than what is printed. It seems that the printer doesn't print certain parts.
As default Carerix only prints the first part. You can select which parts need to be printed in the print preview.
For example we use a Job order file. The method is the same for other default print files.
- Go to 'Files' | 'Job orders'
- Open the desired job order and click [Print]
A pop-up appears with the print preview.
- The print preview is divided in several parts, each with a dark bar. In the dark bar is a checkbox on the right.
- Check this box if you want to print this part.
- Follow the further instructions to print.


Choice Without Context?
Suppose someone picks two distinct real numbers A and B. We know nothing about the distribution from which they were picked - they can be any finite real numbers. The person tells us one of the numbers (deciding at random whether to tell us A or B), and we have to guess whether this is the larger or smaller of the two numbers. Does there exist a strategy that assures of us of a better than 50% chance of guessing correctly? The standard answer is "yes", based on the strategy of randomly choosing a number from, say, a normal distribution, and then guessing as if it were the unknown number. Intuitively it certainly seems that this would give the correct answer with probability greater than 1/2. However, this seemingly obvious answer rests on at least one undefined notion plus a couple of questionable principles of inference.
Let U be the set of allowable (and well-defined) contexts for an event x, and suppose that Pr{x|u} satisfies condition C for every u in U. It's tempting to think that Pr{x|U} must also satisfy condition C, where Pr{x|U} is taken to signify the "overall probability" mentioned in the above quote. However, the set U of allowable contexts is not a member of itself. We could define an enlarged set U' that includes a context consisting of an aggregation of all the elements of U, but that would require us to specify a weighting of the elements of U. Lacking that, there is no well-defined "overall context" for x, and without a well-defined context for x we need to be extremely cautious about any assertions characterizing the "probability of x".
It might be argued that, although the overall probability of x is underspecified, we are still entitled to infer that it shares every property possessed by every allowable context. However, unrestricted inferences of this type are demonstrably false. To illustrate, suppose you have selected a number from the set {0,1}, and the experiment is for me to guess which of those two numbers you chose. Given that my strategy is to always guess 0, one might claim that my overall probability of guessing correctly is an integer, because there are only two allowable contexts for the experiment: either you selected 0 or you selected 1. In either case my probability of guessing correctly is an integer, so (by this reasoning) my "overall probability" must be an integer. This fallacy shows that, at the very least, we have to be careful about what types of conditions we "carry over" from the set of allowable contexts to the "overall context". Now it might be argued that the condition {"is an integer"} is somewhat pathological, and that for more typical conditions such as {"is greater than 0.5"} we can safely extrapolate from the individual contexts to the "overall context". However, the lack of a well-defined "overall context" makes even simple bounding conditions questionable.
To illustrate, suppose I have an experiment with infinitely many possible well-defined contexts. No weighting of the possible contexts is specified, but for each context u we have Pr{x|u} > 0.5. Can we legitimately assert that the "overall probability" exceeds 0.5? I would argue that the notion of "overall probability" is so ill-defined in this situation that we cannot say anything meaningful about "it". We can, however, consider a closely related concept that is well defined: the least possible value of Pr{x|u} for any u in U.
Unfortunately, it's entirely possible that the set of values Pr{x|u} does not possess a least value (as in the particular situation posed at the beginning of this article). In such a case, the lowest possible probability (which is a well-defined concept) has no well-defined value. The closest thing to a definite limiting value would be the greatest lower bound for the set S = { Pr{x|u}, u in U }, which of course is 0.5.
The claim that the "overall probability" of guessing correctly exceeds 0.5 amounts to a statement that the set S does not contain 0.5, even though for any e>0 the set S contains an element q such that q − 0.5 < e. This brings us to the crucial point of interpretation: In the same casual spirit in which we are asked to regard U as a context, i.e., as a member of an enlarged set of contexts U', is it not appropriate to regard the greatest lower bound of S as an element of the correspondingly enlarged set of probabilities S'? In passing over from the set of individual contexts ui to the vague "overall context" consisting of an unweighted aggregation of infinitely many contexts, it isn't self-evident (to me) whether the boundary should or should not be included in the range of possible probabilities for the aggregate. I would suggest that, since the "probability of an unweighted aggregate" is not a previously well-defined concept, we are free to either include or exclude the boundary in our definition of the range.
The original problem stipulated that we know "nothing" about the distribution from which the two real numbers A and B were chosen (although it takes for granted that they must have been chosen from some distribution). Now, to say we know nothing about the distribution is not exactly true, because we know (for example) that the distribution ranges over the real numbers, and the total probability under the distribution from negative to positive infinity is 1. More significantly, we know the distribution is not uniform over the entire set of real numbers, because no such distribution exists. The usual way of stating the question is to say the numbers A and B were chosen "randomly", suggesting that any real numbers are equally likely, but this is misleading precisely because there does not exist a uniform distribution over the reals.
The non-existence of such a distribution has some interesting physical implications. For example, in quantum mechanics the product of the uncertainty in a dynamic variable times the uncertainty in its conjugate momentum cannot be less than a certain positive constant, and this implies that if the uncertainty in one of those variables is zero, the value of the conjugate variable is completely indeterminate, which is to say, all values are equally probable. In "The Principles of Quantum Mechanics" Paul Dirac observed that
It is evident physically that a state for which all values of q [position] are equally probable, or one for which all values of p [momentum] are equally probable, cannot be attained in practice, in the first case because of limitations in size and in the second because of limitations in energy. Thus an eigenstate of q or an eigenstate of p cannot be attained in practice.
Arguably the reason for the inability to achieve an eigenstate is even more fundamental than practical limitations of size or energy, because even from a purely mathematical-logical standpoint there does not exist a distribution for which all values of p (or of q) are equally probable. It follows, in this same sense, that eigenstates do not exist.
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text:
Question: How do I start new plants from air layers?
Answer: Air layering is another means of asexual (no seeds involved) plant propagation. Because it is relatively time-consuming, it's generally saved for the more difficult-to-root types of plants. Its main difference is that the new plants remain attached to the mother plants until they have formed their new roots, at which point you can cut and pot them.
The layer should be made 6 to 10 inches back from the growing tip. Cut off all leaves for a 3- to 4-inch section, then use a sharp knife to cut a sliver of the external tissue on each side of the stem. That sliver should be about the thickness of a paper match, and you want to leave it attached to the stem as a flap. Wedge a toothpick into it to keep the freshly cut wood separated from the stem. Dust it with rooting hormone powder. Grab a handful of wet sphagnum moss (as you would use to line a wire hanging basket) that you have been soaking for at least one hour. Squeeze the moss until it barely drips, then place it around the stem. Carefully wrap a piece of clear polyethylene plastic around the moss several times, then secure it with electrician's tape to make the layer air-tight. Roots will begin to form within the moss sometime within the first 6 to 8 weeks, at which point you can sever the layer and plant it into good potting soil. Keep it moist and humid until its roots start to grow. Air layering is especially useful with tropical houseplants such as crotons and ficuses.


text:
A preschool in Sweden wants to eliminate gender bias by referring to children as "friends," instead of girls and boys, and avoiding gender-specific pronouns such as "him" or "her."
At the taxpayer-funded "Egalia" preschool in Stockholm, which opened last year for children ages 1-6, boys and girls play together with a toy kitchen, which is located next to the Lego bricks, the Associated Press reports.
They read books featuring gay and lesbian couples, single parents and adopted children, instead of fairy tales such as "Cinderella" or "Snow White," which are rife with gender stereotypes.
School staff try to avoid masculine and feminine references in their speech, for example by not using the Swedish pronouns "han" or "hon" for him or her, and instead using the genderless word "hen," which doesn't formally exist in the Swedish language.
"Society expects girls to be girlie, nice and pretty and boys to be manly, rough and outgoing," teacher Jenny Johnsson told the AP. "Egalia gives them a fantastic opportunity to be whoever they want to be."
A 2010 report by the World Economic Forum on the global gender gap found that Sweden and three other Nordic countries lead the world when it comes to gender equality. Sweden is also considered a pioneer in legalizing gay and lesbian partnerships.
A Canadian couple recently drew international attention for their decision to try and raise a genderless baby by not telling anyone whether their child is a boy or girl.
When Storm was born, the couple from Toronto told friends and family that they had decided not to share the baby's sex.
"When the baby comes out, even the people who love you the most and know you so intimately, the first question they ask is, 'Is it a girl or a boy?'" mother Kathy Witterick explained to the Toronto Star. "If you really want to get to know someone, you don't ask what's between their legs."
Storm's brothers Jazz, 5, and Kio, 2, choose their own clothes and hairstyles. Jazz prefers to wear his hair long and in three braids, and his favorite color is pink.


The whole sentence is:
Thanks in advance!
It's the difference between saying:
 - 1
 それでは「その上に無慮百に及ぶ階層が積み重なっているというので 、茫漠とした広大さは想像を絶する。」と言うのと同じってことになっちゃうじゃないですか。「～というのだから」のニュアンスが全然説明されていません。 – Chocolate Feb 15 '16 at 8:06
As a native Japanese speaker, I do not find a grammatical parsing of 「のだから」 or 「というのだから」 to be of much value or help to understanding its role in this particular sentence because it is being used as a set phrase.
You will often hear us say things like:
For example:
You could add on to this sentence:
 - "あの山は大きいのだから 、登るのが大変でしょう" >>「あの山は大きいから 、登るのが大変でしょう。」のほうがいいと思います。 – Chocolate Feb 15 '16 at 7:32
 - どうもありがとうございます。今読みますと、あんまりいい例ではないのが確かですね。私は日本語はほとんど感覚的に使っていますので、文法を説明するのが難しく、これからは日本人に任せて、回答を遠慮しておきます。 – Ian Lewis Feb 18 '16 at 4:24
Your Answer