Tips for Doing Presentations with Apple's Keynote: Hello Transparency!
Galileo Galilei
One of the basics when it comes to presentations (and digital editing in general) is understanding layers and transparency. In short, when you add images or objects to a presentation or file, the images are put over each other, with the latest one being above the previous one. Kinds like a scrapbook where you add material. But it does not have to be this way. You can easily change the position of an image on the "stack" by moving it further to the back (below the previously added images) or putting an image to the top of the stack. If a piece of software offers layers, you can group images (or elements) into layers, meaning you can change which images are on top within a layer, and move these layers as well (affecting all images on that layer). Unfortunately, Keynote does not support layers, so you have to deal with all elements at the same time (which are on top of others). But at least, Keynote supports transparency, which allows for some nice effects.
Keynote allows you to select the position of objects (which is on top of the other) by right-clicking on an object. The two top commands in the mouse menu are Bring to Front and Send to Back. For more fine-tuning you can use the "Arrange" menu (application control bar on the top of the screen). There are also icons you can add to the menu bar of the Keynote window.
And transparency, combined with putting objects in front or back of each other, allows for some nice effects.
Transparency can be applied to whole images or part of images — if these images are, e.g., saved as PNG. JPG does not support transparency, although you can use Keynote's "Instant Alpha" tool to set parts of an image transparent. Going with the scrapbook analogy, transparency is just that: (Part of) an image that shows what is below this image.
Why is it useful? For some nice effects. For example, for cropping videos.
I wanted to add a video to a presentation, but show only a cropped part of the video. It's easy to cut videos down to a specific segment with MPEG Streamclip, then save the trimmed part. You can also export it and crop the video in the export options, but you have to specify the numbers of pixels to crop (left, right, top, bottom). Sure, you can estimate the right numbers by putting the unscaled video in Keynote, then placing square boxes over it (without shadow) and cover the parts you don't need. The size of the boxes tells you the values. But I wanted to have a little more control. My latent perfectionism bubbles through at these points when the image does not fit exactly. Unfortunately, Keynote does not seem to allow you to crop videos.
But there's a workaround: PNG files with transparent parts of the image. PNG as graphic format has an "Alpha Channel", in short, you can not only chose colors but also say: "I want this part (where this specific color is) transparent". Tools like Graphic Converter can turn a color into transparent. You can also use the "Instant Alpha" tool in Keynote.
Which easily allows you to turn an image placeholder:
into a placeholder you can use for videos
simply by recreating the slide background with the image part as transparent, put the video behind it (move to back). You can then scale the video. It's still a far cry from being able to crop the video directly, but I found it useful.
To do so, use an image that has one solid color (e.g., completely yellow) and put it into the image placeholder. Then remove the slide number and all other text. You want only the image and the default background, nothing more, nothing that changes. Use File => Export to => Images and export the slide (use PNG). Then open the slide in an image app (e.g., Graphic Converter) and turn the image area into transparent.
Actually, the icon to turn a solid color transparent is the one next to the selected one here, with the checkered background. But you can also select the area with the selection tool and then delete the selected area.
You need to work with the tolerance values a bit to ensure that only the space for the image becomes transparent. And yup, it's bitchy when it comes to irregular image borders.
Once you have the area transparent, save the image, create a new master slide in Keynote, then put the image in (should fit the slide perfectly), and send it to back (right click => send to back). Ensure that you turn on slide numbers and check "Allow objects on slide to layer with master". Otherwise you will not be able to move the video behind this image, as the master images will be treated separately from the rest. I also lock the image into position.
Leave the Master view and insert this slide into your presentation. You can now insert a video and send it to back. You will see only the part of the video that is under the transparent part of the background.
BTW, if you do not want to work with transparency, you can also just a export a blank slide as image, put it back in, copy and paste it 3 times (four in total), and then use the image crop function to turn each background image into the top, bottom, left and right area, with the space for the video left free. Group the images and you have — essentially — the same thing. Just make sure that you send the borders to the back (right-click, send to back) and when you insert the video, to send it to back too. It's then behind the border and you see only the space not covered by the four images.
The advantage with creating a master slide here is that you only need to do it once.
Using the background again is especially helpful if you want to use the "move in" animation to move in objects (e.g., images or text), but want the objects to become visible only at a specific part of the slide. Simply insert the slide background again, crop it to the part where you want the objects to become visible, and send it to back. Then send the objects to back. They will move in, but as long as the pass below the cropped additional background, they will not be visible.
You can also use it to show a part of an image (e.g., left and right side under the added cropped background) and then reveal parts of the image by moving it around or using the "wipe"-build-out animation on the additional backgrounds. I found that especially for images, the animations Keynote provide are often only almost what I wanted. Not to mention that if you use the transparent video placeholder for images, you can scale and move images around yet ensure that the image always stays in the area for that image.
What makes transparency cool is that the transparent area does not have to be rectangle. It can be anything. For example, have a look at the following animation:
I wanted to have a nice effect "reactor" feeling to show what happens when the cycle is working. So I used a video cut from "Iron Man 2", cropped it a little, and created a background with a round transparent area (the inside of the cycle). Simply by putting a filled circle object over the area I wanted to have transparent, removing the rest, exporting the image, turning the circle transparent, and inserting the image. After inserting the video and putting it in the back (and rotating it, so that the beam comes from the top) — et voila. (I did export the video without sound and added the sound separately. The build order under animation makes sure that the parts start when needed.
And yeah, perhaps an overkill (that slide took about 2 hours to create), but I wanted to emphasize a point. And if everything works as planned, I can do this presentation twice this year. Yeah!
In short — have a look at transparency. No matter what the developers of Keynote intended, you can do some cool stuff with it.
 1. Hi there,
 Do you know how to export a transparant movie format in the neweer version of Keynote? I found an older video online that shows how to export to a MOV with alpha channel but this option seems to have been stripped from keynote? If so that would be ridiculous…
 2. Hoi Marcel,
 no, unfortunately, I don't. Pictures work with Alpha Channel, but I can't remember having ever used a video with alpha channel (I just use images with transparency and put the movie below it). However, as for stripped features, unfortunately, that could be the case. AFAIK Apple has reduced features to make the desktop version in line with the iOS one. Stupid move, but Apple did a few strange things already.
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Being a Benefit Corporation: Is it right for you?
Being a Benefit Corporation: Is it right for you?
When an entrepreneur creates a business, she has a vision not only of what the business will do to generate revenue, but also what societal problem her new venture will solve. Before securing funding, she will have to organize her business entity with the help of an experienced attorney. The plethora of options for entity organization can be confusing at first. However, entrepreneurs can make the process less painful by knowing what they want to accomplish with their business, who they want as investors, and what level of risk they are willing to take on. Codified in 2015, benefit corporations is still a relatively new entity choice in Minnesota. While it adds to the options available, it may or may not be the right designation for your company.
What is a public benefit corporation?
Under Minnesota law, a public benefit corporation is a corporation that has elected to pursue a purpose in addition to a general business purpose. Under Minnesota law, a general benefit corporation elects to conduct its activities in a manner that creates a "net material positive impact on society, the environment, and the well-being of present and future generations." In contrast, a specific benefit corporation under Minnesota law elects to pursue one or more positive impacts, or reduction of a negative impact, on specified categories of natural persons, entities, communities, or interests, other than shareholders in their capacity as shareholders..." When an entrepreneur is considering her new venture, she can imagine various ways in which a venture can create a new material positive impact such as a commitment to a paperless office, creating a product that turns recycled plastic bottles into jewelry, or creating a workforce culture that is focused on giving. Any number of activities could count under the statutory definitions.
What are the requirements to be a public benefit corporation?
If an entrepreneur wishes to elect a public benefit corporation as the entity designation, then the articles of incorporation must include a statement that it elects to pursue either a general public benefit or a specific public benefit. The articles for a general public benefit corporation may also include a specific public benefit purpose the company will pursue. However, electing a general public benefit corporation creates a high standard of accountability for companies that start-ups may not be able to achieve during the initial phases. Unless the start-up is created to intentionally to operate a general benefit corporation, it should elect to be a specific benefit corporation in its articles.
After a company has filed with the Secretary of State to elect to be a public benefit corporation, it will have ongoing reporting requirements in addition to the annual reporting required of all entities in a state. Public benefit corporations are required to file an annual benefit report with the Secretary of State. For a general benefit corporation, the report must include certification that the corporation's board of directors chose an independent third-party standard against which to evaluate the company's progress and identify the third-party. The report must include a description of how the company pursued a general public benefit in accordance with the third-party standard and the extent to which and ways in which the corporation actually created the general public benefit. If there were circumstances that hindered the company's efforts to do so, the report must include those details as well. Failure to file the report may result in loss of the public benefit corporation status. For a specific benefit corporation, the annual report must contain a narrative description of how the public benefit corporation pursued its specific public benefit and any circumstances that hindered this pursuit.
Independent Third-Party Standards
One of the most common third-party standards for general benefit corporations is B Lab. B Lab provides companies with a free tool to assess their progress towards creating a public benefit. B Lab also provides B-corp certification. The process to become a certified B-corp is rigorous and costly. Certified companies also undergo strict audits and renewal processes to maintain their certified status. In Minnesota, a company does not have to be a certified B-corp in order to elect be a benefit corporation.
Benefits of benefit corporation status
Benefit corporations may enjoy a market differentiator over their competitors. Benefit corporations may be able to charge more for their goods or services as consumers are typically willing to pay more when what they are getting is coming from an organization that is socially responsible. Additionally, "economic data indicate that businesses that adopt principles of sustainability outperform their conventional peers." (ABA Journal, July 2018
Additionally, public benefic corporations have a built-in underlying mission or value proposition that can attract talent looking for companies with a mission they commit to. Millennials especially want their work to matter and a public benefit corporation provides a strategic edge to a company when recruiting millennials for their workforce.
Next Steps
Entrepreneurs looking to set up a benefit corporation in Minnesota should work with counsel to evaluate if it is right for them. An experienced attorney will be able to walk the business through the process of setting up the corporation or amending its current articles of incorporation to include the required language to elect to be a benefit corporation.
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ARMS OF GOVERNMENT
1. The National Executive Arm of the Republic of Kenya comprises the President, the Deputy President and the Cabinet. The composition of the National Executive shall reflect the regional and ethnic diversity of the people of Kenya.
2. The Judiciary Arm of Government has Judicial authority derived from the people and vests in, and shall be exercised by, the courts and tribunals established by or under the Constitution. In exercising judicial authority, the courts and tribunals shall be guided by the following principles: -
(a) justice shall be done to all, irrespective of status;
(b) justice shall not be delayed;
(c) alternative forms of dispute resolution including reconciliation, mediation, arbitration and traditional dispute resolution mechanisms shall be promoted,
(d) justice shall be administered without undue regard to procedural technicalities; and
(e) the purpose and principles of the Constitution shall be protected and promoted.
3.The Legislative Arm of Government. Parliament of Kenya consist of the National Assembly and the Senate. The National Assembly and the Senate shall perform their respective functions in accordance with the Constitution as follows: -
a) The legislative authority of the Republic is derived from the people and, at the national level, is vested in and exercised by Parliament;
b) Parliament manifests the diversity of the nation, represents the will of the people, and exercises their sovereignty;
c) Parliament may consider and pass amendments to this Constitution, and alter county boundaries as provided for in this Constitution;
d) Parliament shall protect this Constitution and promote the democratic governance of the Republic; and
e) No person or body, other than Parliament, has the power to make provision having the force of law in Kenya except under authority conferred by this Constitution or by legislation.
The separation of powers among the three arms of government is as follows: -

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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People who drank green tea retained more teeth, vitamin B12 reduced canker sores, and omega-3s lowered oral bacteria and dental disease, in several new studies.
In a green tea study, researchers reviewed dental data from 25,078 men and women, aged 40 to 64. Those who drank one to five cups of green tea per day were 20 percent less likely to lose a tooth compared to those who didn't drink green tea. Previous studies have shown green tea catechins inhibit oral bacteria.
In an oral health study, 58 people with recurrent canker sores took 1,000 mcg of vitamin B12 per day or a placebo. After five months, compared to placebo, the vitamin B12 group had many fewer, much shorter canker sore outbreaks and much less pain. After six months, compared to 32 percent for placebo, 74 percent in the vitamin B12 group had no outbreaks.
Researchers in a lab study found that omega-3 fatty acids reduced the anti-bacterial activity of many oral pathogens by 50 percent. Doctors used eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and alpha-linolenic acids.
In another dental study, doctors measured the amount of omega-3s in the diets of 55 people, average age 74. During five years of follow up, those who consumed the most DHA were 33 percent less likely to develop periodontal disease compared to those who consumed the least. Doctors said DHA has anti-inflammatory properties, which curb bacteria that trigger inflammation, which can destroy the bone structure supporting teeth.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Breastfeeding and decreased risk of childhood asthma
Human milk is the best source of nutrition for all infants, and breastfeeding has numerous shortand long-term benefits for both infants and mothers. Danone Nutricia Research supports breastfeeding by investigating the unique complexities of human milk. We want to better understand its composition and related benefits so we can use it as inspiration to develop innovative nutritional options for mothers who are unable to fully breastfeed.
"We've spent over 40 years understanding the composition of human milk and the related benefits of breastfeeding. It's complex analytical research that we find challenging and fascinating in equal measure - we are constantly discovering new things."
Director of Human Milk Research team
Danone Nutricia ResearchView All People


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The "historic" simulation line represents the long-term climate response a river might have according to the hydrologic model. If the hydrologic forecast is for near-normal conditions, the "conditional" simulation curve will be similar to the historic simulation curve. If the streamflow forecast is for wetter than normal conditions, the conditional simulation curve will be above the historic curve. Likewise, if the streamflow forecast is for drier than normal conditions, the conditional simulation curve will be below the historic curve.
The slope of the simulation curve indicate the amount of uncertainty associated with a forecast. The flatter the line, the more confident the forecast. The steeper the line, the less confident the forecast.
NOAA's National Weather Service produces such plots as part of the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service.


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The da Vinci system is a robotic operating device that's controlled by a doctor watching a patient on a monitor; the surgeon's hand movements are scaled, filtered and translated into movement of the system's four robotic arms. Incorporating Luna's technology, which was originally developed at NASA, allows surgeons to "sense" and "track" where devices are located in the body during a procedure. It does this without introducing electrical signals or radiation into the body, and with no adverse effect from line-of-sight limitations.
The partnership is significant for Luna, as the da Vinci system is a widely used device. A recent article in The Mercury News said Intuitive's product is "among the most popular operating robots in use today… used in more than 500 hospitals for everything from repairing heart valves to removing cancerous tissue." Also, tests are underway for using the da Vinci system underwater and in outer space.
ISRG vs. LUNA 1-yr chart:


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Investing in graphene just got another thumbs up. Researchers at Fudan University in China have just announced that a theoretical study of graphene has revealed the material's suitability for the manufacture of spin switches. Spin switches rely on magnetic spin properties rather than electric charge to produce the kind of "valves" used in such advanced applications as hard disk drive read heads. Although it is not necessary to understand the science in order to make a well informed financial decision the news adds to the increasing number of research studies that suggest investing in graphene would be a prescient financial decision.
The researchers found that graphene nanoribbons maximise the unique edge properties of graphene to produce spin polarization. Their calculations show how the nanoribbons of two graphene islands form parallel and anti-parallel polarizations with respect to each other depending on the amount of energy passed across them. The spin anti-aligned islands do not pass electrons across them, whilst the spin aligned islands do; such a clear mechanism of switching makes the graphene ideal for work in the emerging field of spintronics.
In addition, news from Japan suggests that researchers have found a way to produce a magnetism in graphene. The production of hydrogen terminated nanopores on a graphene sheet affects the spin value of the zigzag edges of the hioneycomb structure. The phenomenon occurs at room temperature and could one day be used to produce strong and light magnets and spintronic devices.
Sources: Tokyo institute of Tehnology.


They can be reached on the Internet at
Limitations of the Physical Models
These physical models have limitations that you should be aware of. The low order polynomials used in these models capture only the contribution to the earth's geomagnetic field from the earth's fluid outer core. The models do not have enough fidelity to capture the contributions to the total field from the earth's crust. These contributions, or other anomalies, are not uncommon, and in some cases can be quite significant (the iron ore deposits of the Mesabi Range in Northern Minnesota are a prime example). Anomalies can also be caused by magnetic storms in the ionosphere, man made sources such as high voltage electric power transmission lines, etc.
On the other hand, these models are well suited to the intended application. In fact, virtually all GPS receivers use one of these models to convert a true heading into a magnetic one. The literature suggests that these models are good to about 30 minutes of arc for the angles, and to within about 25 nanoTesla for the total intensity.
Software Implementation
I initially considered using some of the software distributed by NGDC. I really wanted a C language solution and most of the NGDC software was written in Fortran 77 (which I have nothing against in general). I decided to start from scratch using only a theoretical description of the model. The results of that effort can be found in the file field_model.c. It was designed to use either of the IGRF or WMM model coefficient data files exactly as distributed by NGDC (to make future updates of the model coefficients as easy as possible). The model coefficient files from NGDC are
The only change I made was to the file names, the contents were not changed in any way. If you try using coefficient files from sources other than NGDC, exercise appropriate caution. Some distributions of these models (WMM in particular) use different normalization factors for the associated Legendre functions, and would produce incorrect results when used with this software! Be warned, be careful.
Software Programming Interface
Since the field model seemed liked it might be useful for other projects, I tried to make the implementation as self contained as possible. The field_model.c module contains three functions;
extern int init_field_model(char *filename);
This function is called to initialize the model coefficients, which are read from the specified file. If you want to switch back and forth between different models, just call the function again with the appropriate model coefficient file. It returns TRUE if the initialization succeeded, and FALSE if not.
extern int field_model(field_model_t *value);
This function is used to compute the geomagnetic field at a specified point. The input position and computed field values are exchanged through a single structure of type field_model_t which is described in the module header file field_model.h. The specified position is assumed to be described by geodetic latitude, longitude and altitude (or height for you ground pounders), referenced to the WGS-84 datum. (The choice of the WGS-84 datum seemed best since that is the default for GPS which is become increasingly important in practical navigation). The computed declination (what we pilots call variation) and inclination (or dip) angles are returned in units of decimal degrees. The computed total field strength is in units of nanoTesla. The sign convention for the angles is; positive declination corresponds to east, and positive inclination is down. It returns TRUE if the computation succeeded, and FALSE if not.
extern char *strerror_field_model(void);
This function returns a pointer to a character string that contains an explanation of the last error that occurred. This allows the calling function to decide how to handle error recovery.
Accuracy of Software Implementation
I tested my implementation against some of the software distributed by the NGDC by anonymous ftp. It was a little disappointing to find that the various implementations available from them did not always agree with one another all that well (at least relative to my expectations). It was reassuring to find that my implementation agreed quite well with the software developed by the Defense Mapping Agency, the Fortran 77 subroutine named GEOMAG.FOR, which can be obtained from the directory The table below shows the statistics for the comparison of 5 million random evaluations. All inputs were allowed to vary uniformly over the entire valid range, except for latitude which was distributed uniformly over the interval from 80S to 80N degrees. (I haven't finished implementing the limiting case of the geographic poles, so I've limited the inputs to this range for now. Sorry, you guys planning flights to Northern Greenland or Amundsen-Scott Station in Antarctica will have to wait awhile).
 | Computed | sqrt of the mean | maximum absolute |
 | Quantity | squared error | error |
 | declination (degrees) | 2.57954e-05 | -0._PHONE_ |
 | inclination (degrees) | 1.04046e-05 | -7.28456e-05 |
 | total intensity (nT) | 0.010123 | -0.06995 |
The average agreement is acceptable when measured by the square root of the mean of the squared error (quite good considering that the DMA software is only single precision). There are a few regions where the disagreement in declination is higher. In my tests it was always a point relatively close to one of the magnetic poles, near 78N 103W, or 65S 139W. This is not unreasonable since the horizontal component of the magnetic field vanishes (by definition), and the declination ceases to be well defined as one approaches the magnetic poles.
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Deploying Riva On-Premise requires planning and following specific step-by-step deployment checklists to ensure that the Riva sync environment is properly configured to meet sync requirements for users.
Review the following articles to learn more about how Riva On-Premise will sync data between the email platform and the CRM system.
How does Riva sync your CRM and
Each of those articles contain videos, summary explanations, and a list of typical questions to assist evaluations teams with deciding how to configure Riva sync policy settings.
There are two choices to getting started with a Riva On-Premise server:
A typical Riva On-Premise server deployment includes the following steps:
Preparation tasks are included as the first major step in the Riva On-Premise deployment model, and links for each major task are available in each deployment checklist.
For each supported email system, there is one deployment checklist that applies to all the supported CRMs. Each checklist includes all of the major steps and tasks in the Riva deployment model. Select the deployment checklist that matches your email platform:


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Tissue paper: 20" x 26" sheet of yellow to decorate for body (optional: green and pink for gills and eyes, scrap dark blue for pupils)
Fine-point permanent markers, crayons or stamps, or green and orange liquid food coloring to dye stripes as shown
1" x 20" strip of posterboard or other bendable, sturdy cardboard
Single hole punch
Ball of thin cord
1. Fold tissue paper for the body in half lengthwise to be 10" x 26".
2. To decorate: Draw gills at top and fins 12" below on each side with markers or crayon and decorate the fish as you like. (Note: If you prefer to make the kite look more like the photograph, follow directions for dyeing paper and gluing on gills and fins, below.)
3. Overlap ends of 20" cardboard strip 1" and staple to form a 19" ring for the bridle (fish's mouth).
4. Glue top end of fish's body to outside of ring. Overlap 1" at sides of paper and glue closed. Cut curves in tail leaving total length about 25".
5. Punch 4 evenly spaced holes in the ring (1 every 4 3/4").
6. Tie a 12" string in each hole. Tie the ends together so each string is 7" long when joined at the center. Trim excess string. Tie, then wrap more string around a stick or strip of stiff cardboard and tie the end where strings join on the bridle, so you can fly the kite.
To Dye the Paper:
1. Fold the 10" x 26" folded paper back and forth lengthwise in accordion folds to form a strip about 2" x 26".
2. Accordion-fold strip up in 4 1/2" lengths to be 2" x 4 1/2".
3. Mix 4 drops food coloring with 3 tablespoons water in a saucer. Spread out newspapers for drying.
4. Dip only the very corners at one end of the packet in orange dye and lift it out quickly so you don't soak the paper. The color will spread.
5. Dip the opposite corners in green dye.
6. Unfold the paper very carefully, touching only the dry places. (Wet paper tears easily, so it's a good idea to dye a few extra sheets.) Lay it on newspapers to dry. (If paper needs to be smoothed when dry, iron it under a sheet of paper on a low heat setting.)
To Add Gills, Fins and Eyes:
1. Cut 2 gills, 4 fins (2 pink and 2 green) and 2 eyes and pupils from paper. Glue pupils to eyes. When dry, glue 1 eye to center of each gill.
2. Continue with last 3 steps of kite directions. Glue gills and fins in place after attaching the body.


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The impacts of online identities and learning environments on students
With the development of technology today, portable devices have profoundly impacted peoples' daily lives and communication methods. Among them, users of social media applications on mobile devices are becoming younger and younger, in devices like smartphones, iPad, and laptop. Hence, the importance of social media in education has attracted widespread attention.
First, it is necessary to know what a personal online identity is, and how to build an individual online identity. People may show various online identities on different kinds of social media. Students need to clearly understand that the characteristics of online identity are a person's behavior and reaction on a social media website or application (Understand your online identity, 2011). In other words, students can build their online identity, which may differ from reality. What they post on social media or the setting of their personal profile will determine how others think of them. Actually, there are eight main types of social media on the Internet, such as social networks, social shopping networks, and so on (Kakkar, 2020). But we are only focusing on social networks and media sharing networks in this article, which are two types of social media that will bring more effects on education. Therefore, it is necessary for required students to know how to build their online identity appropriately in different social media networks.
Online identity has many meaningful values for remote learning. On one hand, it is a good way for students' self-presentation. Wangqvist and Frise (2016) indicated that in the process of building a personal online identity on social media, students are more willing to introduce themselves more authentically on the personal profile, including their identification of gender and introduction of their personal characteristics. This is very helpful for students to explore their self-cognition in online learning. The ability of accurate self-cognition sometimes enables students to set appropriate learning goals and know which learning status they are in. On the other hand, the process of building online identity can also help students to expand their relationship network on the internet. It is a good way for students to expand their relationship networks while creating their online identity. because Students prefer to express their inner thoughts actively in online communication compared to the way of face-to-face communication (Wangqvist & Frise, 2016). Also, many social applications will automatically recommend other users to students with a high degree of compatibility with their profiles based on the personal characteristics they fill out, such as LinkedIn and Twitter. Therefore, students can quickly find peers with similar background information and interests in a short time. Consequently, social media networking may provide a positive online learning environment for learners, which moves to the next part of this article: the online learning environment.
Different kinds of social media platforms will provide various kinds of learning environments for students. Some of them can be applied as learning assistance, and others can provide free teaching videos for learners. More importantly, most of the social media apps or platforms can help students achieve a fragmented learning mode, enabling learners to use portable devices to learn anytime, anywhere. Dabbagh and Krtsantas (2011) also discussed this situation in their article. As they mentioned, social media is one of the common ways that students can achieve the fragmented learning out of school. In this case, social media can effectively improve students' learning motivation. When students use social media to learn, these platforms provide a highly interactive environment for learners. As mentioned above, students can independently establish their own personal online identity, and they can control the virtual world they take part in, which can continuously maintain students' learning enthusiasm (Kumar, 2020). Thus, students can achieve immersive learning. Therefore, social media can provide students with an immersive learning mode.
However, everything has two sides. With young people sought after social media apps, many educators also worry that excessive use of social media may bring many problems, such as lack of concentration in traditional classes, inability to complete long readings or lack of sleep. Berukoff（2020）has mentioned many times about the issues of self-control for young students when they use social media in learning. Berukoff (2020) points out that play (using) social media will cause students to be addicted to their smartphones, which may interfere with the class and result in the decline of students' grades for a variety of reasons. At the same time, Berukoff (2020) argues that most teenagers don't have enough self-regulation to control the time they spend on social media. Therefore, Berukoff (2020) does not believe that the use of social media in teaching is suitable for younger students.
In general, the use of social software in teaching has both advantages and disadvantages. People need to apply it to teaching with serious caution. On the positive side, the use of social media can enhance students' understanding of self-identity, broaden their relationship networks, and improve their learning efficiency. But, it may also lead to students' lack of self-control, which may affect their study and grades. In conclusion, it is very important to guide students to use social media to study properly.
Berukoff, A. (2020, September 25). Who's Concerned IF Social Media Affects Education and E-Learning …this teacher sees 5 problems. Medium. _URL_
Kakkar, G. (2020, January 21). What are the different types of social media? Digital Vidya. _URL_
Kumar, J. (2020, January 24). Immersive Learning: What You Need To Know. eLearning Industry. _URL_
Understanding your Online Identity An Overview of Identity. (2011, February 18). Retrieved November 11, 2020, from _URL_ Understanding-your-Online-Identity-An-Overview-of-Identity.pdf
Wängqvist, M., & Frisén, A. (2016). Who am I Online? Understanding the Meaning of Online Contexts for Identity Development. Adolescent Research Review,1(2),139–151. doi:10.1007/s40894–016–0025–0


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Museum of the Cape Fear
The Museum of the Cape Fear in Fayetteville is the third regional branch of the North Carolina Museum of History and the only one that began as a branch museum. (The other two regional branches, the Museum of the Albemarle in Elizabeth City and the Gateway Museum in Old Fort, operated independently before coming under the Museum of History's umbrella.) The free-admission Museum of the Cape Fear opened in 1987 with funding assistance from the Historic Fayetteville Foundation and with Rodney Barfield as its first curator. It introduces visitors to the history and culture of southeastern North Carolina through exhibits, lectures, and workshops and, as part of its mission as a regional branch, offers expertise to the nonstate historical museums, sites, and agencies in its 20-county service area.
The museum features permanent exhibits on the history of the Piedmont and the lower North Carolina coast from early Native American settlements through the Civil War period. Exhibits on transportation in the region, Fayetteville history (including the devastating 1831 fire), and an 1890 potter's shop are of particular interest. Visitors and school groups are drawn to the temporary exhibit gallery, where changing exhibits have highlighted, among other subjects, African American women in the Cape Fear, traditional crafts of the region, and the region's archaeology. A meeting room provides space for programs, lectures, and films.
Angela Fracaro, "A Fast Start at Looking Back," The State 57 (June 1989).
Karen Rosalinde Zimmer, "An Audience Development Plan for the Museum of the Cape Fear in Fayetteville" (M.A. thesis, UNC-Chapel Hill, 1989).
Museum of the Cape Fear: _URL_
North Carolina Museum of History: _URL_
A promotional video for the Museum of the Cape Fear (Fayetteville, NC), courtesy of the Fayetteville Arts Council. Available from _URL_ (accessed August 24, 2012).
1 January 2006 | Patteson, Angelyn H.


What is meta? ×
Has any thought been given on code that is version-specific or that is getting slightly outdated?
As an example I'm thinking of the Facebook API where there have been quite a few changes with the introduction of the graph API and where some code isn't always the best example of how to do something.
However, I am against deletion as this information could still be used for reference. I'd be more in favour of the equivalent of the Wayback Machine.
What solutions do you see? How you sort what's relevant and up-to-date?
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
Well, for starters, there are often version specific tags for major languages. As an example, there is, and then there is also:. When there is a question that is specific to that tag you can tag it as both C# and also the version specific tag.
If a question is so outdated that the information is really not particularly relevant at all then it would be appropriate to close the question as Too Localized. This won't delete it, so the information will still be there for reference, but it will help to indicate that the question/answers no longer apply.
Another option is to simply update the question/answers to still be relevant. This might mean adding an additional answer using the (hopefully superior) tools of newer versions of the language, avoiding deprecated functionality, etc. It may also be appropriate to comment on, or edit existing answers to indicate that they only apply to a particular version, and that when using a newer version you should instead use [...].
share|improve this answer
Questions that are closed are normally deleted, with the exception of duplicate questions that are not carbon-copies of existing questions. – kiamlaluno Sep 9 '12 at 3:18
How about an [outdated-version] tag for such obsolete things - it flags the post as not relevant for the current version, and doesn't require future updating once it's applied. People still using the old version of some software or compiler or library can still get old help.
You could add version-specific tags like [facebook-API-3.0], but it would require an awful lot of tagging by people who don't care about the lifetime of their question.
Of course you could ad-hoc edit an out-of-date solution saying so and linking to an up-to-date method, or merely add a comment. People who care about the solutions enough to use would probably read the comments anyway.
share|improve this answer
Wayback machine seems a big and complex project, which is why I suggested existing tools. – AndrewC Sep 9 '12 at 2:16
It would be a meta tag, and meta tags are not used on Stack Exchange, with few exceptions. – kiamlaluno Sep 9 '12 at 3:16
Of course. My mistake. – AndrewC Sep 9 '12 at 8:01
Although [outdated-version] is a meta-tag (it cannot stand by itself), it is clear and valuable for all technologies that are mostly used in their most recent version. In that case, this tag is a lot better than having a myriad of version-specific tags. – oberlies Sep 14 '12 at 12:34
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text:
neural networks, simple nodes, data flows, digital nodes, connectionist system
Demands for applications requiring massive parallelism in symbolic environments have given rebirth to research in models labeled as neural networks. These models are made up of many simple nodes which are highly interconnected such that computation takes place as data flows amongst the nodes of the network. To present, most models have proposed nodes based on simple analog functions, where inputs are multiplied by weights and summed, the total then optionally being transformed by an arbitrary function at the node. Learning in these systems is accomplished by adjusting the weights on the input lines. This paper discusses the use of digital (boolean) nodes as a primitive building block in connectionist systems. Digital nodes naturally engender new paradigms and mechanisms for learning and processing in connectionist networks. The digital nodes are used as the basic building block of a class of models called ASOCS (Adaptive Self-organizing Concurrent Systems). These models combine massive parallelism with the ability to adapt in a self-organizing fashion. Basic features of standard neural network learning algorithms and those proposed using digital nodes are compared and contrasted. The latter mechanisms can lead to vastly improved efficiency for many applications.
Original Publication Citation
Martinez, T. R., "Digital Neural Networks", Proceedings of the 1988 IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference, pp. 681-684, 1988.
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Martinez, Tony R., "Digital Neural Networks" (1988). All Faculty Publications. 1198.
Physical and Mathematical Sciences
© 1988 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.
Copyright Use Information


The FBC Guide To Using Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Dried fruit is an ingredient we probably don't think about when we consider allergy risks. After all, it's just fruit that's had the moisture sucked out of it, right?
Not always, unfortunately. In today's column, I'll walk you through some the allergy and health considerations you may want to be mindful of when using dried fruit or cooking for someone with an allergy.
Dried Fruit and Gluten-Intolerance/Celiac Disease
If you're serving food or desserts to people with celiac disease or a gluten intolerance, be aware dried fruits may be contaminated with sources of gluten. Some companies that sell dried fruits coat them with glutenous flours so they don't stick together. You probably won't be able to see the flour with the naked eye, but the presence of flour is enough to trigger a reaction in someone who is gluten intolerant or has celiac disease. It's typically a good bet to ask the grocery store manager or call the company to double check if flours or another glutenous ingredient were used.
Also, if you purchase from bulk bins someone else may have accidentally used a scoop from another bin with a glutenous product and then left it in the dried fruit. So even if the fruit in the bin was initially gluten free, the contaminated scoop tainted the whole thing. Whenever possible, I like to buy from the vertical bins where you have to pull a lever to release the bulk goodies; that way, you don't have scoops coming and going willy-nilly.
Dried Fruit and Mould
Dried fruit can support mould and yeast growth, and this can lead to the production of mycotoxins. Mycotoxins are compounds that can impact our immune health, and potentially cause gastrointestinal distress and influence liver, kidney and carcinogenic diseases. Some moulds may cause respiratory or skin symptoms as well.
Shipping, handling and storing can impact mould growth on foods. Here in Canada, the government monitors our food supply and sets maximum allowable levels for mycotoxins. Once you buy them, ensure you store dried fruits properly in airtight containers and stash in a cool, dark place (you can also check out this post from Well Preserved for more dried fruit storage and handling tips).
Check your dried fruit for any visible signs of mould and note any strange odours, discolouration or a change in texture. When in doubt, just throw it out! Also, don't just scrape off the mouldy bits; if mould is showing up in one part of your dried fruit, it will likely have infiltrated the whole thing.
Dried Fruit and Sulphites
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Sulphites are a preservative used on dried fruit — as well as many other foods and beverages — to extend shelf life. The sulphites found on dried fruit are linked to a range of effects, including itchy skin, hives, stomach pain, diarrhea, asthma and even anaphylaxis.
The government requires food companies to list suphites on packaging, so be sure to check labels if you or someone you know is sensitive to them.
Dried Fruit and Blood Sugar
Since most fresh fruit is already naturally sweet, when you remove the water what you're left with are highly concentrated nuggets of sweetness and fibre. While fibre can help to slow down blood sugar, you're still consuming a lot of sugar and it's important to be mindful of how much dried fruit you eat. It's much easier to guzzle a dozen dried apricots than to eat a dozen fresh ones in one sitting, right?
RELATED: The Spice Box: Getting To Know Nutmeg & Mace
Some dried fruit manufacturers coat their products with extra sugar, maple syrup or fruit juices to make them even sweeter, or to make them more palable in some cases. Take dried cranberries, for instance. Cranberries are incredibly sour when fresh, while the dried versions are often more sweet than tangy.
You may also want to make a note to drink more water if you've been snacking on dried fruits, or rehydrate dried fruits for a few minutes in warm water before using them so your digestive tract doesn't need to pull additional water to rehydrate them. Remember, dried fruit is high in fibre, and fibre needs water to move through your system efficiently.
How To Use Dried Fruit
Dried fruit can be used in your diet in a multitude of ways, including:
Make Your Own Dried Fruit!
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Drying fruits is a great way to preserve them, especially if you've got a large amount on hand and have already made jam and frozen several containers worth in the freezer.
You can use a food dehydrator if you have one, or dry them out in 4 to 8 hours in the oven. My two favourite things to make are fruit leather and apple chips. Fruit leather is super easy: puree your fruit in a food processor or blender, then spread it out to dry in your dehydrator or on parchment in the oven. For apple chips, I slice them thinly and sprinkle with cinnamon (you could also add dried ginger or nutmeg), then bake in the oven until they're dry. Great for fall apple season!
Storing Dried Fruit
Dried fruit should be stored in a cool, dark place in an airtight container and can last for several months like this. You can also store them in airtight glass containers that can look really pretty on your counter or pantry shelves but exposure to light will shorten the shelf life of your dried fruit so be sure to use them up quickly if you do that.
You can also store dried fruit in the freezer if you want to keep it longer. It can last up to a year like this.
How do you like to use dried fruit in your everyday cooking? Please share in the comments!
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One Comment
Julia (_USER_)
Oh wow, didn't know about flour coating and some other interesting facts in the article. Thanks for sharing all this information as I use dry fruit in cooking a lot and also love eating t as a snack
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text:
- THE MAGAZINE
- WEB EXCLUSIVES
Gage block length is defined as an interferometric measurement when the gage block is wrung to a flat platen. Gage block wring is incorporated into the lengths of the blocks themselves, and wringing film is included in the defined length of the gage block. When gage blocks are assembled in combinations, no additional correction factor for wringing films needs to be added to the length of the combination.
Wringability itself may be defined as the ability of two surfaces to adhere tightly to each other in the absence of external means--they are not magnetized or clamped together.
The source of the forces holding gage blocks together are thought to come from:
- Air pressure from the surrounding environment as the air is squeezed out when the blocks are slid together.
- Surface tension from oil that remains on the gage blocks or water vapor from the air that acts as an adhesive to hold them together.
- Molecular force caused by the interchange of electrons between the atoms of the separate blocks when two very flat surfaces are brought into such close contact with each other. This force will remain even in a vacuum or if no oil or water is present on the blocks.
Wringing requires two smooth, flat surfaces with surface finishes of 1 microinch AA or better. For gage blocks, it becomes difficult to wring surfaces once the flatness begins to exceed 5 microinches.
Remove all nicks and burrs before attempting to wring blocks together because a burr on one block may damage the surface of the other block. Blocks may be checked for burrs with a gage block stone before wringing. A gage block stone with serrated grooves is recommended because it gives a better "feel" for nicks and burrs that catch the edges of the serration. Badly nicked surfaces will click as a nick passes along the serration.
Foreign material em-bedded in the grain of the stone may scratch the blocks. Gage block stones should be conditioned before use. This may be done by lightly rubbing the surfaces of two stones together in a figure-eight pattern. Clean the stones with kerosene before use.
Will stoning a gage block change its size? It depends largely on the condition of a block. A block in good condition will not be affected by light stoning. Stoning removes portions of the block that have been raised above the true gage surface by nicks or scratches that can contribute to more variation or large readings during calibration. Stoning will remove this small amount of raised material. Repeatability of readings is improved, sizes appear to be truer to their original tolerances and blocks will wring together better.
- Stoning is to be performed only on used gage blocks where the surface finish may be degraded by scratches or small nicks.
- Make sure the stone is clean, dry and free from any dirt or abrasive compound. Abrasives on the stone may lap the block and significantly alter its size.
- With a light amount of pressure, stroke the block across the serration two or three times in a forward, back, forward motion. It is not recommended that anything more than light pressure be used unless necessary to remove nicks and burrs.
- Listen and feel for nicks and burrs. If the block glides easily across the stone without a scraping sound or clicking or jumping across the serration, then stop. Flip the block over, and repeat on the other side.
- If nicks and burrs are detected, repeat the procedure, but not more than twice. The pressure may be increased each time as needed to try to remove the nicks and burrs. Do not use more then seven strokes per session.
- If repeated attempts are unsuccessful at removing the burrs, examine the block for damage. In this condition it is not likely a block would be wringable.
Rusted gage blocks
Rusty blocks may be improved by stoning the blocks after the stone has been wetted with kerosene. While this may temporarily improve the utility of the block, it will not permanently remove corrosion or halt its advance.
- Dampen a cotton swab with kerosene.
- Wipe the stone with the dampened swab. A film of kerosene should be seen on the stone; the stone should not be dripping wet.
- Stone as before, using necessary pressure. It may be necessary to be aggressive to remove the corrosion.
- If the corrosion cannot be removed after repeated tries, then the block is considered damaged.
- Keep the stone dampened as the kerosene evaporates.
Recommended stoning pressures are: Light Stoning: 1 to 1.5 pounds pressure Medium Stoning: 2.5 to 3.5 pounds pressure Heavy Stoning: More than 6 pounds pressure
Wringing gage blocks
- Make sure that blocks are clean.
- Wipe the surfaces of the blocks to be wrung gently across the oiled wring pad.
- Wipe these surfaces on the dry pad, removing as much oil as possible.
- Slide the surfaces of the blocks together as shown in Figure 1. Apply pressure while sliding the blocks. The blocks should slide together without any feel of bumps or scratching and should adhere to each other after being rotated into place.
Wringability is an important property of gage blocks, and fortunately, it is a quality that can be controlled and monitored readily by the user of the blocks. With correct use and care, gage blocks will provide long, reliable and accurate service.
A wringability test may be done by the user of the blocks if a problem with a block is suspected.
To test gage blocks for wringability, a 2-inch diameter, Reference Grade (1 microinch flatness) quartz optical flat should be used. A double-sided flat is recommended if more than 40 blocks are to be tested. A double-sided flat does not add to the accuracy of measurement, but it provides a second wringing surface if the first surface becomes scratched during wringing.
As before, prepare the blocks for wringing.
- Wipe the surface of the optical flat gently across the oiled wring pad.
- Wipe the surface of the flat gently across the dry pad.
- Slide the test block onto the flat as shown in Figure 2. Apply pressure while sliding the block and flat together.
- Observe the surface of the gage block that is wrung to the optical flat from the opposite side of the flat. Repeat this step as necessary to ensure a valid result.
- Interpret results:For Federal Grades 0.5, 1 and 2, and ISO Grades K, 00 and 0, no color or oil should appear on the face of the flat. For Federal Grade 3 or ISO Grades 1 and 2, the surface shall not have less than 80% colorless wringing area.
- Repeat for the other surface of the test block.
The test may be difficult to apply to gage blocks that are not almost perfectly flat. This includes thinner gage blocks that are less than 0.1 inch (2.5 millimeters) thick, which are not usually flat in their free state, including most gage blocks in metric sets.


text:
Former Chancellor of Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education Highlights Packback as One Way to Encourage Stimulating Remote Learning
In a recent article for The EvoLLLution, John Cavanaugh writes about best practices for stimulating student curiosity in the age of remote learning. The key? Implementing solutions that encourage students to challenge themselves through critical analysis. Cavanaugh points out Packback's "thoughtful, creative approach to online learning" as one effective approach for engaging students.


text:
History of LeAp
With over three decades of service, Learning through an Expanded Arts Program (LeAp) has helped more than two million K-12 students academically, artistically, and socially. We take a unique approach to education, using arts activities and hands-on projects to teach traditional academic subjects. Having served over 500 schools, we understand that different schools have different children with different needs.
LeAp makes school a place where students want to be, where learning is exciting and relevant, and where all types of learners can succeed. We're committed to improving academic performance for all students and leveling the educational playing field for disadvantaged kids.
The LeAp approach to education was born in 1977, when because of budget cuts, arts teachers in New York City were fired and the schools' arts program fell into disarray. LeAp Co-Founders Ila Lane Gross and Alice Krieger, both artists and educators, lamented the lack of arts programs in the schools and decided to do something about it. They initiated LeAp programs in four schools that year, and by tapping the resources of talented NYC artists and partnering with prestigious organizations, LeAp has grown exponentially with each passing year, both in scope and in the number of schools served.
In the late 1990s, politicians and parents alike called for greater accountability in education. When the No Child Left Behind Act became law, LeAp partnered with New York University to conduct a scientific study of a novel program for students in grades K-2 called Active Learning Leads to Literacy (ALLL). Using all of the art disciplines to teach writing and reading comprehension, ALLL K-2 resulted in students performing well above their peers and continuing to excel even after the program.
Following the success of ALLL K-2, LeAp launched the Arts Learning Leads to Literacy Program to expand the proven literacy program to grades 3-5, which was particularly effective with both gifted students and students who performed well below grade level. In addition, ALLL 3-5 effectively closed the verbal gender gap between boys and girls. When it came to non-English speaking students and English language learners, ALLL 3-5 instruction was very helpful in bringing them up to grade level.
In 2006, LeAp partnered with Fidelity Investments to launch the Fidelity FutureStage Program, now LeAp OnStage, a comprehensive theater program that brings students from 10 middle and high schools to Broadway. Students write, direct, and star in their own 10-minute plays, which are staged at Broadway or Off-Broadway theaters.The LeAp OnStage Program has helped over 1,800 middle and high school students develop a love of theater and the skills to write and act in well-constructed plays.
In 2007, we launched the August Wilson Program, in which high school students study the plays of August Wilson, and perform his monologues, culminating in a final performance at the August Wilson Theater.
Also in 2007, LeAp kicked off its citywide Public Art Program, which empowers middle school students to speak out on social issues in their communities through the creation and public exhibition of art. Students meet with world-renowned artists and the program culminates in the largest student exhibition in NYC parks history each summer in 10 parks, in cooperation with NYC Parks & Recreation.
LeAp works in 300 schools each year, helping over 200,000 students and 85,000 teachers through in-school residencies, professional development, assemblies, parent engagement workshops, and customizable afterschool and special programs. Our recent federally funded grants include Charter School Professional Development, and our new initiatives the American History Comes Alive Program, Gifted and Talented Program, and (ALLL 6-8) Arts-Based Learning Leads to Literacy Program. LeAp continues to bring students, teachers, parents, and the greater community the very best in arts education.


text:
The following presentations were used by Counselors in the classrooms:
|Click the department(s) below to find course offerings and descriptions, as well as course sequence recommendations and department contact information.|
- 9th grade students are visited in their Lit/Writing classes by a Counselor to develop a 4 year course plan for graduation and to distribute initial planning forms.
- 10th and 11th grade students are visited by a Counselor during their social studies class to deliver course options and planning forms.
- All students are given 2 weeks to plan courses before paperwork is due.
- Current 8th grade students and parents invited to course selection evenings.
- COURSE SELECTION Q & A SESSIONS FOR PARENTS AND STUDENTS OF CURRENT 9TH - 11TH GRADE:
- THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 27, TUESDAY, MARCH 4, AND THURSDAY MARCH 6 FROM 7:00 - 7:45 PM
- Course Verification due to main office; students and parents/guardians confirm courses being requested.
- Additional forms may be required: Math Override or Skip form, AP USH or AP LAC diagnostic results page(s), Lynbrook AP Contract, PE Athletics Form
End of April
- Last Chance forms distributed to students with 1 week to finalize requests; at this time, courses are not scheduled and NO request is guaranteed.


text:
A great book covering landscape photography processes, thinking and creativity
Working the Light
A Landscape Photography Masterclass
By Joe Cornish, Charlie Waite, David Ward and Eddie Ephraums
ISBN: 1 902538 46 3
Another unusual book from Argentum, this one focuses in a broad way on landscape photography. The four authors take a section of the book each:
* Foreword – Eddie Ephraums
* Wilderness landscapes – Joe Cornish
* Inhabited landscapes – Charlie Waite
* Inner landscapes – David Ward
In each of these, apart from the foreword, the author begins by describing their own working method, motivations and current projects. Following each author's statement section comes a Gallery Workshop where generally great quality submitted images are displayed along with great pieces of advice, displayed as tips by each image. A critique section then follows each Gallery Workshop. Here each of the submitted images that have been used is analyzed and critiqued by the authors.
This format works very well. It does have the feeling of attending a workshop, something the authors intended. It is appropriate that not all the images pass muster completely in the Critique section, as you can learn a great deal from people's mistakes and the authors thankfully do not pass up this opportunity. However, all of the images are quite striking, even if some work better than others.
You will learn much about landscape photography in particular, and photography in general, from this book. The sections on the authors' own work is insightful. The tips along with the submitted images teach much and then this is vastly expanded by the image critiques. These can teach you much if you carefully consider each image yourself before reading the authors' comments.
This is a great book. If you have any interest in landscape photography, buy this book.


Cost effective energy efficiency
Chill out and reduce your energy bills
Are you getting hot and bothered thinking about energy efficiency? Cold aisle containment helps to keep your datacentre at its optimum temperature - boosting productivity and reducing costs.
Cold Aisle Containment
What is cold aisle containment?
Cold aisle containment is a cost effective and non-intrusive solution to datacentre efficiency. When cold air is being using ineffectively, there are likely to be cooling problems. Some have wrongly suggested that this can be overcome by introducing more air conditioning or chilled cabinets. An easier, more cost effective alternative is to implement cold aisle containment.
What are the benefits to my business?
As well as boosting business productivity, cold aisle containment contributes to the following:
- Optimised aisle and room temperature
- Ensures that aisle and room air-flows are balanced
- Building cooling systems remain efficient
- Increased longevity of computer hardware
- Better server running times
- An uptime in resiliency and redundancies in event of failure
- Increased power savings on hardware and building facilities
- Significantly reduced carbon emissions
How does cold aisle containment work?
Curtains can be used to separate hot and cold aisles, reducing the amount of hot air that mixes with cold air from the plenum floor – dramatically increasing cooling efficiency.
In addition, each cabinet is fitted with blanking plates, ensuring that cold air has to pass via a piece of equipment. Missing cabinets or equipment offers an alternative, less energy efficient, route for airflow, contributing to the mixing of hot and cold air.
Regardless of the age or condition of a data centre, installing curtains and organising cabinets is a quick fire, cost effective solution – one which helps markedly improve energy efficiency, reducing energy bills in the process.
Many large companies are already reaping the rewards of cold aisle containment. Storage vendor, NetApp, for example, has employed vinyl curtains to contain the air in hot aisles in its Silicon Valley datacentre. These curtains alone have contributed to energy savings of 1 million kWh per year.
How can it help my servers?
Hardware relies on good room conditions in order to operate at its optimum level. When temperatures become too high, server and system performance may be reduced – having negative implications on your productivity. The heat may also lead to data loss and disruption to operations, as hard disks do not react well to high temperatures.
Cold aisle containment helps to overcome and counter these potential risks:
 - Balancing room temperatures and aisle air-flows
 - Delivering optimum conditions for servers and hardware
 - Increasing cost effectiveness
 - Reducing potential downtime for maintenance and replacements
 - Giving you peace of mind
How can it help with room temperature?
Without cold aisle containment, air temperature in a datacentre can vary dramatically as hot and cold mix. As heat and airflow are unregulated, temperatures vary from rack to rack. This creates unbalanced areas in your datacentre, which is not ideal when trying to operate at an optimum level.
Cold aisle containment helps to control and balance your datacentre by:
 - Stopping hot and cold air mixing together
 - Ensuring that aisle temperatures are kept consistent and at their optimum level
 - The hot aisle changes will give you better return air temperatures to the CRAC units and building chillers
 - Stopping bypass air flow through racks and floor tiles
How Keyzone helps
Keyzone offers a free, onsite datacentre audit for qualifying customers. Our team of experienced engineers will visit your site to review your equipment, operational restrictions and energy costs.
Alongside practical advice and a list of recommendations, we will prepare and submit an audit report that will analyse your datacentre efficiency. The audit takes place with minimal disruption to business and IT operations, identifying factors that affect your energy consumption and outlining the potential for savings.
Request A Callback


text:
A sentence needs to make sense.
Look at these words: dog bone the its ate.
They don't make sense like this, but if we swap them round and add a capital letter and a full stop we get a proper sentence.
The dog ate its bone.
In this worksheet, you can practise making proper sentences out of jumbled words.
Here is a jumbled sentence. Swap the words round so that it makes sense and write the new sentence in the answer box.
Don't forget to put in a capital letter and full stop (not a question mark)!
yellow bananas are


text:
A bright student of mine recently asked me what a "judicious tone" in writing was. I explained, and he brightened up, telling me that he had "guessed right" on a standardized test he had just taken. That test had a multiple choice question asking about the tone of a passage he had read, and he chose the right one not because he knew judicious writing when he saw it but because he could eliminate other possibilities from the five given him and guess fortunately among the remainder.
This is distressing on two counts. One is that any guess on a five-choice question has one chance in five of being "right," even on an answer requiring discrimination and judgment. Let students hazard guesses at the tone of a piece in an essay and see how lucky they get if they do not know about tone to begin with. 20% is too high a chance for random guesswork to be credited.
The other is that students learn by taking such tests to associate good luck with "being right." The problem with thinking this way is that if you get the "right answer" by guessing, you are not right, you are lucky; and there is a big difference between them. A multiple-choice test can't distinguish between someone who is actually able to discuss the tone of a piece and someone who is a fortunate pointer. To the argument that four or five questions about tone would separate the knowledgeable test-taker from the lucky one, the answer is that this weeding-out is highly probable but in no way guaranteed and that in order to do the weeding the test has to sacrifice coherence. It would do so by taking four or five accidentally concatenated passages and questioning the test-taker about each one's tone. By contrast, an essay on one passage or work could require a discussion of tone without sacrificing the coherence and depth that a thoughtfully composed essay question allows—requires—students to confer on their understanding. This, not luck, is what students should associate with the tests they take.
This student of mine and his classmates read a short piece last semester on "The Montillation of Traxoline" and took the short-answer quiz that followed. Traxoline doesn't exist, making it rarer even than a judicious tone, and there is no process of montillation for traxoline or anything else. Nonetheless, my students were able to get 100% on the quiz. They did so by using their understanding of language and tests to mimic understanding of a subject.
For all I know, someone will think these good examples of something called "test-taking skills," but there is a difference between being able to take a test with confidence and aplomb and being able to wrench rightness out of it with luck and mimicry instead of knowledge, skill (no plural), and understanding. If that is what we want, then we are no different from Harry Potter's nemesis Professor Umbridge, who says that getting students to pass tests is what schools are for.


text:
Welcome to this month's newsletter with the focus on the application of environmental and engineering geophysics to ground investigations. With the UK Government flagging its policy of 'Build Back Better' and the requirement to utilise brownfield sites more, there is growing demand for more costeffective and technically robust ground investigations. Now the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions are being relaxed, it is enabling more field work to be undertaken more easily with wider travel being permitted. Furthermore, with the Climate Emergency still facing society worldwide, we really do need to up our collective game in how we do things with our built environment.
It should be beholden on the engineering sector to optimise what we do and how we do it by accessing all the available relevant tools and to use them effectively and efficiently to achieve better and more energy-efficient outcomes. To this end, geophysical techniques can play a very significant part to complement more traditional intrusive methods, all of which should be integrated into 3D Ground Models and other forms of visualisation.
As technology continues to develop apace, so too do geophysical methods, in terms of instrumentation and in modes of deployment, two facets we explore this month. It has long been our ethos to provide the best technical advice to deliver costeffective value-for-money solutions to resolve clients' problems and investigation needs and provide peace of mind through risk reduction. Read on to find more about these topics and benefit from our top tips on using geophysical techniques effectively.
Rubbish imaging and saving our planet!
The date when humanity's demand forecological resources and services each year exceed what the Earth can regenerate in that year is known as Earth Overshoot Day (EOD). In the 1960s, humankind used less resources, but our annual rate of consumption has skyrocketed ever since such that we now devour the equivalent of one Earth's resources in much less than a calendar year, each year. The earliest EOD on record was on 29th July 2019 and has been occurring earlier each year until the Covid-19 pandemic struck. If the global population lived like the UK, we would need the resources of 2.7 Earth equivalents each year.
Over the last five years there has been a growing movement that recognises the value of discarded waste that is contained within our landfills, of which there are over 24,000 former and active landfills in the UK. Last year, a UK-wide Enhanced Landfill Mining Network (ELMN) was established through which expertise in the Waste Management and Land Reclamation sectors could be shared.
Geophysical methods have long been used to image landfills, their buried extents, structure, composition, and presence or otherwise of leachate. Different geophysical techniques highlight the physical and chemical characteristics of the material present.
By using enhanced multiple geophysical methods, it is possible to differentiate landfill cells and their contents and so focus landfill mining on the most appropriate locations within a site. Seismic techniques provide information about the physical properties while the electrical and electro-magnetic methods highlight the physico-chemical (fluid) content.
The information gained by non-invasive sensing of materials within a landfill could optimise possible resource recovery and land remediation to complement urban mining and recycling in general. This would help to recover more material (Waste-to-Material) and generate more energy (Waste to Energy) and reduce demand on the extraction of our rapidly depleting Earth's virgin assets. We owe it to future generations to consume less of our planet's resources and to use what we do extract more efficiently.
RIL has many years' experience of landfill geophysics so contact us to find out how we can help with your landfill project.
Role of geophysics in former industrial (brownfield) sites
A brownfield site is "a former industrial or commercial site where future use is affected by possible environmental contamination". These sites often contain hidden subsurface infrastructure and carry great uncertainty due to lack of information about their previous usage. This poses a challenge for redevelopment. Typically, the greatest risks are associated with the subsurface, where contaminants can persist from historic disposal practices, spills, and old infrastructure may remain unseen.
Recommended methods include: Electromagnetic (EM) surveys that measure changes in the conductivity caused by fluids, metals, and differing soil types; Magnetic-gradiometry, passive method that measures the contrasts in localised magnetic responses due to the presence of metallic and ferrous materials. The following types of surveys can discriminate anomalies, identifying targets such as tanks, pipes, cables, and foundations; Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) uses pulsed electromagnetic waves to image ground structures often with very high resolution; Resistivity surveys capture how electrical current flows through soils and where it is inhibited or conducted. Resistivity surveys can be very sensitive to the presence of conductive fluids associated with contaminants, the water table, and geological structures.
Reynolds International Ltd have designed and managed surveys for sites ranging from former factories to golf courses, landfills, quarries, inside shops and hospitals, airports, brownfield sites, etc., over many years. If you need advice on any aspect of a geophysical survey for any site but are unsure how to go about it, just ask us for an initial free consultation.
Surface wave techniques for engineering applications
Interpreting geophysics into useful engineering properties can be tricky to say the least. What does a P-wave velocity of 2,000 m/s actually represent? What about a resistivity of 50 Ωm? Will the site support my foundations? Such information needs translating into a physical meaning that can be used by engineers.
Enter the surface wave survey. Measured shear wave velocity (Vs) is diagnostic of material type and, with additional density information, Vs can be converted into shear modulus (G), a diagnostic engineering parameter that indicates something specific to engineers.
Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is very popular for its ease of acquisition and production of 2D Vs sections quickly, typically to depths of 10-20 m (see image). Passive MASW is also becoming popular and works by measuring the Earth's low frequency background noise over minutes or even hours and can resolve Vs to depths of over 100 m on a quiet site. MASW surveys are commonly undertaken using the same field layout as for P- and S-wave seismic refraction, which provide complementary information for only a small additional cost.
A second, related, technique, Continuous Surface Wave (CSW) analysis, uses a small vibrator source to propagate seismic energy at a range of frequencies into the ground. Typically, 1D plots of shear modulus (G) vs depth can be generated for multiple locations along a profile, usually to depths of 10-30 m. Once a field crew gets going, individual 1D profiles take only minutes to acquire.
Due to low acquisition cost, time effectiveness, and user-friendly software, non-expert users of surface wave methods are becoming increasingly common. However, surface wave methods present a complex problem as the solution is non-unique (i.e., several Vs models can reproduce the observed data). Poor quality results represent wasted time and money; data processing should be carried out by an experienced trained operative who can select the most appropriate method and parameters to obtain a geologically realistic result.
RIL has many years' commercial experience of a variety of surface wave methods and can advise on any aspect of these methods. For a free initial consultation please contact us.
Drones: innovative deployment for geophysical sensors?
Airborne acquisition of geophysical data is not a new concept. Large-scale airbornegeophysical surveys via airplane or helicopter have been commonplace since the 1960s.
Drones have the potential to fill the gap between low resolution but expensive aircraft surveys and high resolution but labour-intensive ground-based surveys. Geophysical surveys often cover 10s of line kilometres, taking days to complete. Using a drone flying at ~20 km/hr, could reduce the time to just a few hours. Such automated efficiency has already enabled recent breakthroughs in LiDAR and photogrammetry surveying (see picture).
Unfortunately, it is not as simple as mounting existing sensors onto a drone and flying off into the sunset. Geophysical sensors are designed to be operated near to the ground surface. Despite new developments in terrain following, flying a sensor below a drone within ~1 m of the ground is not currently practicable or safe. Payload limitations currently preclude the use of heavier sensors without severely restricting flight time. Instrument noise from drone rotors means that sensors should be suspended well below the drone itself; however, this can reduce data quality as the sensor may not fly upright. UK drone laws are also a limiting factor, especially in built-up areas, with drone-based GPR suffering from a 'doublejeopardy' of two tightly regulated technologies.
Despite these constraints, serviceable droneacquired geophysical surveys are already possible. There has been a recent explosion of commercial magnetometry surveys via drone, with associated sensors and software quickly being developed. Other methods may follow closely behind, with drone-based EM and GPR sensors already commercially available. Additionally, potential for new applications of existing methods (e.g., the use of drone-deployed GPR for bathymetry) is already being realised.
Drone technology is developing at a terrific speed and may soon address many of the existing problems for geophysical surveys over difficult or difficult access terrain. As technology improves, expert opinion should be sought about sensor capabilities and modes of deployment; if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is! Nevertheless, drones will increasingly play a key part in optimising geophysical data collection. Please contact us for a free consultation to discuss your options.
Optimising intrusive investigations with geophysical methods
Geophysical surveying can quickly define the optimal locations of later intrusive testing, often reducing the amount for extensive intrusive works. The rapid data collection often results in


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The photo of a blacksmith the majority have in their minds is that of a large properly muscled guy standing in a store with a raging furnace in a nook and the usage of a massive hammer to form a piece of crimson hot steel. The principles of blacksmithing have no longer modified with the passing of time and the simple concepts of the alternate stay the same. Except now the blacksmith does not be a large overly muscled guy with the potential to use massive pressure to the hammer blow. By the cease of the 19th-century electricity hammer have become to be had that allowed metallic to be labored into shape without the application of human muscle.
The first hammers that did now not use direct muscle tissues power to strike the metal have been ride hammers. These were lifted to the pinnacle in their body water energy (and later by steam) and once they had been at the top of the frame, were launched and fell with their own weight to make the strike. Basically, it used gravity to create the force of the blow. Power hammers are a development of the ride hammer. In the case of the blacksmith's electricity hammer, energy is saved within the shape of compressed air or steam and the usage of a machine of mechanical linkages this energy is delivered to the pressure of gravity and increases the force of the hammer blow. Power hammers are categorized consistent with the force applied on the time of the hammer hitting the steel and huge commercial hammers exceed 100 tonnes in force. You can also read best framing hammer review.
The first strength hammers had been steam powered and persevered to be in use till the center of the 20th century. However, by the beginning of that century, smaller mechanical power hammers became famous with blacksmiths. These hammers had been powered via electric powered vehicles that powered the ram that drove the hammer. These were less complicated to apply and when you consider that no boilers have been required to create the steam strain they occupied plenty much less space and were additionally safer. The motor driven hammers had been also less difficult to control and set for the favored force at the back of the hammer blow.
Modern blacksmiths strength hammers are extremely unique machines, regularly with microchip based controls and transportable beds that permit for the smooth placement and adjustment of the steel to be labored on. Since the pressure of the hammer blows are variable, they can be used no longer just for the gross shaping of the steel in the preliminary tiers, but additionally for the finer shaping and completing required to complete the piece being manufactured.
The modern-day blacksmith steel artist makes use of power hammers that variety among 25 to 500 kilos of the strike force, although large one is used for extremely massive tasks.
The blacksmith of yore used his muscle tissues blended along with his talent to produce metallic items of excessive quality that had been regularly works of artwork. The electricity hammer gets rid of the need for bodily electricity and permits the ones of moderate build to shape steel and end up blacksmiths and, in increasing numbers, metallic artists.
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More people across the world are happy being single and living alone, according to a new book, and author Eric Klinenberg explains why going solo doesn't always mean being lonely and depressed, contrary to misconceptions.
You've likely seen a movie or TV show where someone living alone was portrayed as a loner, recluse or weirdo. Who lives solo these days, right? Happy people are married with nuclear families and a busy household, or so Hollywood would like us to believe.
NYU sociology professor Eric Klinenberg says nope, that's not true at all. His new book Going Solo: The Extraordinary Rise and Surprisingly Appeal of Living Alone documents one of the most seismic demographic shifts since the baby boom: in 1950, only 4 million Americans lived alone. Today, around 32 million Americans live alone, and that figure is analagous across many countries, not just in the West.
Why is this going-solo trend so popular? In the book, Klinenberg writes, "Both the wealth generated by economic development and the social security provided by modern welfare states have enabled the spike...Living alone helps us pursue sacred modern values – individual freedom, personal control, and self-realization – whose significance endures from adolescence to our final days."
Some other figures Klinenberg cites as evidence to support his argument: Between 1960 and 2000, the average number of people per household fell from 3 to 2.6 in the U.S., from 3.1 to 2.3 in the UK, from 4 to 2.5 in Canada. And what about those singletons, as Klinenberg calls them, only interacting with people online? Aren't they just nerdy loners? Klinenberg cites a study finding how heavy users of social media are actually more likely than other to have large and diverse social networks in real life and more likely to participate in volunteer organizations.
In an interview with Digital Journal, Klinenberg elaborates on his book's thesis and discusses why single living isn't as bad as it's made out to be.
Digital Journal: What first got you interested in writing on this topic?
Eric Klinenberg: I wrote a book decade ago on the serious heat wave in Chicago and how a huge number of people died alone. I learned during the course of that book that people were dying alone because so many were aging alone. It was a new social phenomenon I wanted to understand; there was much more to this story. Over time I came to think that I stumbled upon the biggest social change of the last 60 years.
Courtesy Eric Klinenberg
Sociology professor and author Eric Klinenberg
DJ: What's the most common misconception people have about those who live alone?
EK: That single people are sad and depressed and lonely and isolated. Some are, but many who are married with families are lonely. On average I was stunned to learn those live alone are more likely spend time with friends and neighbours, and spend money in bars and cafes.
Also if you live alone you get more independence to be who you want to be. If you live with your family you are more likely to be exposed to judgmental opinions and they'll pass along prejudices to you. You have more freedom to choose partners when living alone. It allows for experimentation.
DJ: What did you learn about how different regions approaching single living?
EK: It's interesting that the U.S. perceives Canada and Japan as more communally oriented and less individualistic but Canada and Japan both have higher rates of people living alone compared to the U.S.
Scandanavia is interesting, because around 47 percent of households are single-dwelling sites. Then look at Stockhold, where that number rises to 60 percent. When I tell people this stat during talks, their jaws drop. And the three nations where I've seen the the biggest increase in people living alone are China, Brazil and India.
DJ: You also have a great chapter about the misconceptions of seniors living alone...
EK: There's so much literature about how dangerous it can be to live alone, and yes, I believe living alone can be dangerous for people who are depressed and isolated and struck with mental illness. But a lot of literature is scientifically flawed, since some studies compare people living alone who are single versus those currently married, and leaves out seniors who were once married and realized marriage didn't work for them. What we don't know is if people with good marriages have skills to make them happy regardless of whether they're married or not.
Cover jacket of the new book Going Solo
DJ: You outline the trend, but where would you like to see this progress? What can governments and communities to do to adapt to the singelton trend?
EK: Today affluent Americans and Canadians have access to assisted living facilities but they are hugely expensive. It would be naïve to start calling for vast housing construction projects for elderly living alone, but it's not the time for that in this current economy.
But the recession will not last forever and when governments rebuild infrastructure in cities, this seems like it should be a priority. It would really serve just about everyone. All of us should be interested in this issue, whether we live alone today or with others. We haven't really talked about that much before. There needs to be discussion about this trend now.
What do you think? Is living alone healthy and fosters independence? Or do you think more people should live with partners, family and roommates?


Question: What Bacteria Does Ginger Kill?
Can turmeric Cure E coli?
The antibacterial effect of various herbs and spices were evaluated using various methods.
All the herbs and spices tested were able to inhibit E.
coli growth, but Thyme (herb) and Turmeric (spice) were found to be most effective against E.
Can ginger be used to treat infection?
For example, it may provide some pain relief as an anti-inflammatory. It also boosts immunity to help fight infections that cause sore throats. There's even more ginger can do to help sore throats. This article explains the benefits of ginger for treating and relieving a sore throat, and how to take ginger.
What are 2 ways to kill bacteria?
How do you kill bacteria in your body?
What kills E coli naturally?
They found that one teaspoon of cinnamon added to the juice killed 99.5 per cent of the bacteria within three days. Last year, the same researchers added spices to raw ground beef and sausage. They found that cinnamon, clove and garlic were the most powerful in killing E. coli.
Is ginger an antibacterial?
What is the strongest natural antibiotic?
Is apple cider vinegar an antibiotic?
What kills MRSA naturally?
Is Ginger antiviral?
Ginger has been shown to have impressive antiviral activity thanks to its high concentration of potent plant compounds. Additionally, specific compounds in ginger, such as gingerols and zingerone, have been found to inhibit viral replication and prevent viruses from entering host cells ( 46 ).
What food kills stomach bacteria?
Prebiotic foods (whole grains, bananas, greens, onions, garlic, soybeans, and artichokes) act as food for healthy gut bacteria. Probiotic foods like yogurt are full of good bacteria already.
What makes ginger antibacterial?
Ginger rhizome contains several constituents which have antibacterial and anti fungal effects. … Chief constituents such as [6]-gingerol and [12]-gingerol, isolated from ginger rhizome, showed antibacterial activity against periodontal bacteria [64] and [10]-gingerol has been reported as active inhibitor of M.
Does ginger kill E coli?
MBC results showed that 80% concentration of raw onion was capable of killing the E. coli cells. The ginger extract on the other hand was not capable of killing the cells (Table 11)….Results.Biochemical TestsCoagulaseCatalaseReactionsClot formationBubblesNov 30, 2015
What disease can ginger cure?
What kills bad bacteria in your stomach?
Start by eating a nutritious diethigh in fiber-rich foods, like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. A "western" diet that's high in fat and sugar and low in fiber can kill certain types of gut bacteria, making your microbiota less diverse.


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A hip thrust, or pelvic thrust, primarily targets the abdominal muscles, specifically the abdominals, obliques and the muscles of the lower back. The pelvic thrust is an exercise that can be performed by lying down on the mat and raising the pelvis while keeping the legs perfectly vertical.
Pelvic thrust exercises are popular among people who want to strengthen their core muscles without using gym equipment. Pelvic thrust exercises also train the muscles in the pelvis, lower back and hips. According to Mayo Clinic, this leads to better balance and stability, whether on the playing field or in daily activities.
Individuals who need strong core muscles for high endurance sports can increase the intensity of hip thrust exercises by setting a weight plate on the pelvis. The exercise can also be made more challenging by holding the pose at the top of each repetition. After a few repetitions, the muscles become fatigued, which makes them work harder.
As with any other exercise routine, the correct measures need to be taken before exercising. Although hip thrust exercises do not require a high degree of preparation, it is important to ensure that the exercise environment is safe to reduce the chances of injury. In addition to pelvic thrusts, individuals can also do sit-ups and push-ups to improve the condition of core muscles.