Better HOA Letters
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Better HOA Letters
Written by on Tuesday, 18 June 2002 7:00 pm
Writing effective letters requires skill. In homeowner associations, they deal with a variety of topics. Sometimes they are informational, sometimes happy and sometimes not so happy. Whether you are sending good or bad news, it requires planning. The type of letter you write dictates the format.
In general, good news should always go in the first paragraph. And bad news should be placed further back. The opening paragraphs should soften the blow and ease tension. Opening with bad news in the first paragraph will distract the reader from your subsequent explanation and may cause it to be overlooked entirely.
Here are several kinds of letters:
Thank You Letters. Thank you letters are particularly important in HOAs since volunteers receive no pay. The least you can do is recognize their efforts. Doing so totally removes the "thankless" part of the job and encourages more volunteers to serve. Write them promptly. A thank you note loses its impact and sincerity long after the fact. Begin with a simple statement describing what you liked and why you liked it.
Rule Violation Letters. Enforcing rules on neighbors is one of the touchiest things HOAs deal with. But not all rule infractions are something the Board should automatically accept responsibility for enforcing. Most rule breaking should be first dealt with directly between affected neighbors. In other words, insist that neighbors attempt to resolve the issue first before getting involved. Some rule violations break the law (like loud parties and domestic violence). Let the cops handle those.
If the issue truly is the HOA's responsibility, soften the blow by opening the letter with a statement like "Rules are needed to keep the peace and maintain high value of your assets and your home. The few rules we have are not meant to be intrusive. They are meant to be inclusive. If all comply with the rules, better neighbor relations will result. That's a good thing, right?" This approach is intended to promote community. Then you get to the heart of the issue. Quote the appropriate section of the governing documents or rules, request compliance by a certain date and offer the option of appeal.
Collection Letters. Money is the life blood of a homeowner association. Since there is no government bailout for HOAs, if one member doesn't pay, the rest have to pony up. This is particularly painful when it comes to special assessments since the amounts tend to be large.
Opening with a philosophical statement similar to the Rule Violation letter is appropriate. But remember that a member's failure to pay may be more than an unwillingness to pay; it may be an inability to pay (job loss, death, disability, etc.). It's important to get to the root of the problem quickly, so ask, "Is there a problem that prevents you from paying?". There may be a payment plan option if warranted, but be careful not to allow the HOA's bill to sink to the bottom of their pile too quickly. Food and shelter are top priorities. Never allow credit cards, car payments and other less critical expenses to preempt the HOA's needs. Remember, if they don't pay, you and the other members will have to pick up the slack.
Back to the meat of a collection letter: Always provide a current balance along with penalty, interest and other charges accruing. Attach a copy of your Collection Policy which discusses what will happen if the bill is not paid. (You have a Collection Policy right? If not, enact one as soon as possible. There are few things more critical in an HOA than cashflow. Include the deadline for payment before the collection moves to the next phase (more penalties, attorney fees, etc.) A collection letter must demand action.
Follow-Up Letters. These are written in response to a communication you received. Use this basic structure:
 - Express thanks for their concern, idea, suggestion etc.
 - Recap the situation prompting the communication
 - Assure the recipient of your dedication to the issue
 - Invite future communication and input
Complaint Letters. These should never be written in anger. Cool down a day or two if that's what it takes to regain your composure. This is particularly true of email. It's way too easy to fire off something you regret within seconds after it's sent. Complaint letters should point to a solution of a problem rather than venting against some injustice. A constructive tone will vastly increase the chances of getting what you want. Follow these steps:
 1. Describe the problem.
 2. State what is wrong.
 3. Say what you've done about it so far.
 4. Indicate what you want done.
 5. Request a response or resolution by a specific date.
Response to Complaint Letters. A response to a complaint letter varies depending on if you agree or disagree with the complaint.
To agree:
 1. Admit that the complaint is justified and apologize.
 2. State precisely what you are going to do to correct the problem.
 3. End on a positive note.
To disagree:
 1. Thank the writer for writing.
 2. State the complaint to verify you understand what it is.
 3. Explain the Board's view of it.
 4. State your decision clearly, without apology.
 5. Offer alternatives to help the homeowner
Every HOA letter is an opportunity to promote professionalism, reconciliation and harmony. Use better letter techniques to pave the road. For more innovative HOA management solutions and resources, visit _URL_
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 About the author, Richard Thompson


Bioluminescence firework
Physicist and BBC presenter Helen Czerski uncovers an amazing light phenomenon, a bioluminescence firework that issues when a cardinal fish swallows ostracods. "It's like a little fish firework." Watch the video…
Ostracods are very small ocean living animals. which produce light when they are disturbed (eaten).
When are swallowed, they emits a burst of light, making the cardinal fish spit it out, like a bioluminescence firework.
The cardinal fish is doing so as it does not want to be seen by other, larger predators.
Dr Czerski, said:
"Their dazzling glare acts like a security light."
The process is known as bioluminescence, an adaptation allowing animals to be seen in the complete darkness of the deep sea.
via Notcot
source BBC


matrix theory
for matrix theory in the sense of string theory see at BFSS matrix model and IKKT matrix model
Let AA be a Lawvere theory with generic object TT. For nn \in \mathbb{N}, the full subcategory of AA generated by the cartesian powers of T nT^n is also a Lawvere theory, which we denote by M n(A)M_n(A). In the case of an annular theory (the theory of modules over a ring that we also call AA), this is the construction of n×nn\times n matrices over AA. If we denote by M nM_n the application of this construction to the initial theory (the theory of sets), then we may identify M n(A)M_n(A) with the tensor product theory M nAM_n\otimes A.
It is an amusing exercise to present M nM_n in terms of generating operations and relations between them.
Revised on August 8, 2015 08:27:09 by Urs Schreiber (


r\rbrace$),
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} TCRM &= \sum _{k=1}^{\infty }r_k\pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
TCRM is still a CRM but with a mean measure $q\mu$. Note that PP is a special case of CRM. TCRM generalises this manipulation to all the CRMs, such as BP and NBP.
Thinned Dirichlet Process [112]. Let $G \sim \text{DP}(\mu)$ be a DP on $\Theta$ that can be represented as $G = \sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$ and a measurable function $q : \Theta \rightarrow [0, 1]$. For each $k$, independently draw $r_k$ through $P(r_k = 1) = q(\theta _k)$,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} G_t &= \sum _{k:r_k=1} \pi _k^{\prime } \delta _{\theta _k} \sim \text{DP}(q\mu), \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where $\pi _k^{\prime } = \frac{\pi _k}{\sum _j \pi _j}$ are the re-normalised coefficients for the selected components.
Thinned Normalised Random Measures (TNRM) [28, 29, 112]. Given an NRM $\mu = \sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$ on $\Theta$ and a Bernoulli variable $r_k \in [0, 1]$. The TNRM is
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} TNRM &= \sum _{k:r_k=1} \pi _k^{\prime } \delta _{\theta _k}, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where $\pi _k^{\prime } = \frac{\pi _k}{\sum _j \pi _j}$ are the re-normalised coefficients for the selected components. Note that DP is a case of TNRM.
4.4 Point-transition
Point-transition moves the points of a random measure according to an underlying probabilistic transition.
Point-transition of Poisson Process. Based on the Transition Theorem [102], let $\Pi \sim \text{PP}(\mu)$ be a PP on space $\Theta$ and $T: \Theta \times \mathcal {F}_{\Theta } \rightarrow [0, 1]$ be a probabilistic transition. From Reference [112], the transformed measure is
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} \Pi _p &= \lbrace T(\theta): \theta \in \Pi \rbrace = \text{PP}(T\mu). \end{aligned} \end{equation}
Point-transition of Dirichlet Process [112]. Let $G = \sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k} \sim \text{DP}(\mu)$, and its point-transition is
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} G_p &= \sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{T(\theta _k)} \sim \text{DP}(T\mu). \end{aligned} \end{equation}
Point-transition of Normalised Random Measures (PNRM) [28]. Given an NRM $\mu = \sum _{k=1}^{\infty } \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k}$ on $\Theta$, the point-transition of $\mu$ is to draw atoms $\theta _k^{^{\prime }}$ from a transformed base measure to yield a new NRM as
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} PNRM(\mu) &= \sum _{k} \pi _k \delta _{\theta _k^{^{\prime }} = T(\theta _k)}, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where $T$ is a transition kernel.
4.5 Nesting
With a partition of a space by a process, e.g., DP, nesting is to further partition each area through another process. In other words, each component of a random measure is attached to an additional random measure.
Nested Dirichlet Process (nDP) [8]. The root partition is created by a DP, and each component in that partition is further attached to another DP. Repeating this procedure forms a tree of infinite width and depth. Each datum (e.g., a document) is associated with a path of this tree.
Nested Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (nHDP) [129]. This process generates a nested structure similar to a nDP but associates a datum with a new revised copy of the generated tree structure rather than a simple path.
4.6 Marginalisation
According to de Finetti's Theorem [2], an exchangeable sequences could be obtained through marginalising Finetti mixing measure out as follows,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} P(X_1, X_2, \ldots, X_n) = \int \prod _{i=1}^n P(X_i|\theta) P(\mathrm{d}\theta), \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where $P(\cdot |\theta)$ is a named mixture measure and $P(\mathrm{d}\theta)$ is named mixing measure. In BNL, the mixing measure comes from a stochastic process, so marginalising out a stochastic process results in a new exchangeable measure. Some examples of this type of marginalisation manipulation are shown below. Such marginalisation not only contributes new processes but also provides alternative constructive representations from the stick-breaking construction in Section 3.2 for the corresponding processes, which is crucial for BNL inference.
Chinese Restaurant Process (CRP). Marginalising a DP through,
\begin{equation} \begin{aligned} CRP(X) = \int P(X|G) \mathrm{d} G,\,\, G \sim DP, \end{aligned} \end{equation}
where the mixing measure $G$ comes from the DP. CRP [2] can be seen as a prior for random partitions of data points, and its name comes from the metaphor used to understand the process: In a Chinese restaurant, the $i$th customer walks into this restaurant and chooses to sit at an occupied table with the probability $\frac{n_t}{\alpha +i-1}$ or a new table with the probability $\frac{\alpha }{\alpha +i-1}$, where $n_t$ is the number of customers siting at table $t$. If the customer picks an occupied table, then she eats the dish already on the table; if a new table is picked, then she needs to order a new dish for the table from $H$. As a result, $\theta _i$ is the dish eaten by the $i$th customer. $\lbrace \theta _i\rbrace$ from such process has been proven to be a sample from $\text{DP}(\alpha, H)$.
Chinese Restaurant Franchise (CRF) [167]. CRF is a marginalisation of HDP. Based on CRP, the metaphor to understand this process is as follows: There are $D$ Chinese restaurants with a shared menu. The $i$th customer walks into the $d$th restaurant and picks an occupied table at which to sit with the probability $\frac{n_{d,t}}{\alpha _d+i-1}$ or a new table with the probability $\frac{\alpha _d}{\alpha _d+i-1}$, where $n_{d,t}$ is the number of customers siting at table $t$ in $d$th restaurant. If this customer picks an occupied table, then she just eats the dish already on that table; if a new table is picked, then she needs to order a new dish. The new dish is ordered from the menu according to its popularity. The probability that the new dish is the same as the one on other tables has a probability of $\frac{T_k}{\alpha +\sum _k T_k}$ and the probability that it is a new dish is $\frac{\alpha }{\alpha +\sum _k T_k}$, where $T_k$ is the number of tables with the same dish $\theta _k$. As a result, $\theta _{d,t}$ is the dish on table $t$ of restaurant $d$, and $\theta _{d,i}$ is the dish eaten by customer $i$ in restaurant $d$.
Nested Chinese Restaurant Process (nCRP) [141]. nCRP is a marginalisation of nDP. A metaphor based on CRP can be used to understand this process is as follows. There are infinite restaurants in a city and each restaurant has infinite tables. On each table, there is a card with the address of another restaurant. As such, all restaurants are organised into an infinite tree structure. A customer visiting this city dines first at the root restaurant and chooses a table using the CRP strategy. she notes the name of the restaurant on the card on her table and the next night she dines there, again choosing the table using CRP. This procedure repeats infinitely many times.
Nested Chinese Restaurant Franchise (nCRF) [1].


object. The default (when no nisplusLDAPentryTtl is specified) is 1 hour. The template mapping file /var/nis/NIS+LDAPmapping.template changes this to 12 hours for objects other than table entries. However, there is no auto-recognition of non-entry objects, so if you add mapping for a non-entry object, the TTL will default to 1 hour.
Note - There are no TTLs for nonexistent objects. Hence, no matter which TTLs are in effect for LDAP-mapped entries in an NIS+ table, a request for an entry that does not exist in NIS+ will query LDAP for that entry.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN Attribute
For each mapped NIS+ object, nisplusLDAPobjectDN establishes the location in the LDAP DIT where the object data resides. It also allows specification of the action to take when an LDAP entry is deleted. Each nisplusLDAPobjectDN value has three parts. The first specifies where LDAP data is read from, the second to where it is written, and the third what should happen when LDAP data is deleted. Refer to the following example.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc_table:\
The above example shows that the rpc.org_dir table object should be read from the DN cn=rpc,ou=nisPlus, (since the value ends in a comma, the value of the defaultSearchBase attribute is appended), with scope base, and that entries with a value of nisplusObjectContainer for the ObjectClass attribute are selected.
The table object is written to the same place. The delete specification is missing, which implies the default action, which is as follows. If the NIS+ table object is deleted, the entire LDAP entry should also be deleted.
If data should be read from, but not written to LDAP, omit the write portion (and the colon separating it from the read part).
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc_table:\
Note that the nisplusObjectContainer object class is not part of RFC 2307. In order to use it, you must configure your LDAP server as detailed in Mapping NIS+ Objects Other Than Table Entries.
For the rpc.org_dir table entries, you could use the following example.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc:ou=Rpc,?one?objectClass=oncRpc:\
The above shows that the table entries are read from and written to the base ou=Rpc. Again, the trailing comma appends the defaultSearchBase value. Select entries that have an objectClass attribute value of oncRpc. When creating an entry in the ou=Rpc container in LDAP, you also must specify top as an objectClass value.
As an example showing a non-default delete specification, consider the following.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN user_attr:\
The user_attr.org_dir data resides in the ou=People LDAP container, which it shares with account information from other sources, such as the passwd.org_dir NIS+ table.
Select entries in that container that have the solarisAttrKeyValue attribute, since only those contain user_attr.org_dir data. The dbid=user_attr_del portion of the nisplusLDAPobjectDN shows that when an entry in the user_attr.org_dir NIS+ table entry is deleted, deletion of the corresponding LDAP entry (if any) should follow the rules in the rule set identified by the user_attr_del database ID. See nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute Attribute for more information.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn Attribute
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn specifies the rules used to map NIS+ data to LDAP. Mapping rules for the other direction is controlled by nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute.
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute Attribute
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute specifies the rules used to map LDAP data to NIS+.
The full entry mapping syntax can be found on NIS+LDAPmapping(4). However, a few examples should make things clearer.
The NIS+ rpc.org_dir table contains four columns called cname, name, numbe, and comment. Therefore, the entries for the NIS+ RPC program number (100300) with the canonical name nisd and the aliases rpc.nisd and nisplusd could be represented by the following NIS+ entries in rpc.org_dir.
nisd nisd 100300 NIS+ server
nisd rpc.nisd 100300 NIS+ server
nisd nisplusd 100300 NIS+ server
Assuming the defaultSearchBase value is dc=some,dc=domain, the corresponding LDAP entry, as listed by ldapsearch(1), would be the following.
dn: cn=nisd,ou=Ppc,dc=some,dc=domain
cn: nisd
cn: rpc.nsid
cn: nisplusd
oncRpcNumber: 100300
description: NIS+ server
objectClass: oncRpc
This makes for a simple one-to-one mapping between NIS+ and LDAP data, and the corresponding mapping attribute value going from NIS+ to LDAP is the following.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn \
rpc: dn=("cn=%s,", name), \
 cn=cname, \
 cn=name, \
 oncRpcNumber=number, \
This constructs the DN for the entry to be cn=%s, with the value of the cname column substituted for %s.
Since the value ends in a comma, the read base value from the nisplusObjectDN is appended, and you have the following.
The oncRpcNumber and description attribute values are just simple assignments of the corresponding NIS+ column values. The rpc.nisd will collect the multiple NIS+ entries into one LDAP entry, with multiple cn values to represent the different name column values.
Similarly, the mapping from LDAP to NIS+ would be as follows.
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute \
 rpc: cname=cn, \
 (name)=(cn), \
 number=oncRpcNumber, \
The above assigns the oncRpcNumber and description values to the corresponding NIS+ columns. The multi-valued cn (denoted by (cn) is mapped to multiple name column values (denoted by (name)). Since the name column cannot be multi-valued, the rpc.nisd creates one NIS+ entry for each cn value.
Finally, the nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn value is an example of rule sets used for deletion.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn \
user_attr_del: dn=("uid=%s,", name), \
 SolarisUserQualifier=, \
 SolarisAttrReserved1=, \
 SolarisAttrReserved2=, \
Again, the user_attr.org_dir data shares the ou=People container with other account information (from the passwd.org_dir and other tables). If an entry in the user_attr.org_dir table is deleted, you probably do not want to delete the entire ou=People entry. Instead, the delete entry above says that when a user_attr.org_dir entry is deleted, the SolarisUserQualifier, SolarisAttrReserved1, SolarisAttrReserved2, and SolarisAttrKeyValue attributes (if any) are deleted from the ou=People entry specified by the following rule.
The rest of the LDAP entry is left unchanged.
NIS+ to LDAP Migration Scenarios
Likely scenarios for a migration from NIS+ to LDAP include the following.
How to Convert All NIS+ Data to LDAP in One Operation
How to Convert All LDAP Data to NIS+ in One Operation
Merging NIS+ and LDAP Data
NIS+ to LDAP Migration Scenarios showed how to synchronize NIS+ and LDAP data when data conflicts between the two should be resolved by letting either the NIS+ or the LDAP data be authoritative. Merging data requires a more complicated procedure.
The example procedure in this section assumes the following.
How to Merge NIS+ and LDAP Data
Caution - If the LDAP data should change between the download in Step 4 and the upload in Step 10, the upload might overwrite those changes. For this reason, you should try to prevent modifications to the LDAP data during this procedure. Consult your LDAP server documentation for more information.
 1. Back up all NIS+ data using the nisbackup command.
 # nisbackup -a /nisbackup
 2. Identify the NIS+ tables that have data which must be merged with LDAP. Dump the contents of these tables to flat files. For example, dump the contents of group.org_dir by using nisaddent as follows.
 # nisaddent -d group | sort > /before/group
 Piping the nisaddent output to sort will make for convenient comparison later on.
 3. Download LDAP data to NIS+.
 # /usr/sbin/rpc.nisd -D -m tmpmap \
 -x nisplusLDAPinitialUpdateAction=from_ldap \
 -x nisplusLDAPinitialUpdateOnly=yes
 4. Start the NIS+ service.
 # svcadm enable network/rpc/nisplus:default
 The rpc.nisd daemon will now be serving the data downloaded from LDAP. If the conflicts to be resolved are such that NIS+ clients should not be exposed to them, make sure to perform this and the following steps when there are few (preferably no) active NIS+ clients.
 5. Dump the NIS+ data for the affected tables.
 The following example uses the group.org_dir table.
 # nisaddent -d group | sort > /after/group
 6. Create merged versions of the tables.
 Use the file merge procedure of your choice to produce the


text:
In a scenario where, for example:
An employee exercised a "same-day-buy-and-sell" operation on his employee stock options. He ends up making a profit / gain of $10K. He already has a yearly salary of $55K. Because of this Capital Gain, the employee worries about how much he/she will get taxed and whether or not he will be bumped into a higher tax-bracket.
Just to get some clarity on tax-brackets first:
- Is it true that only 50% of the Capital Gain is subject to taxes? (ex: %50 of $10K = $5K)
- How much of that 50% is actually taxed? Does that depend on your current tax-bracket based on just your salary? Or is it ($Salary + 50% of Capital Gain?) = $Amount used to determine which bracket you stand in?
Now, would transferring the Capital Gain (immediately once received) to a TFSA work in the employee's favor in order to cut down on taxes?
- Is it correct to assume that - since a limit of $5K can be stored in a TFSA, the remaining amount (ex: $10K - $5K in TFSA = $5K remaining) would then be subject to the same calculations the full Capital Gain would have undergo? (so %50 of $5K = $2.5K)
- Does the amount tossed in the TFSA have to stay for a certain period of time (days, weeks, months?) before it can be transferred over a standard bank account and/or used to purchase expensive items?
Overall, would there be better alternatives to reduce your tax payout other than reinvesting into more stocks, or mutual funds? How about education? First-time home buyer / mortgage?
Sorry for the immense question, but this knowledge territory is really blurry for me. Any external resources would be appreciated as well.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Gestos Variables (2017)
2-ply photographic paper
5.000,00 (IVA incl.)
160 x 120 cm
Unique piece
About the artist
The Basque artist Iñigo Arregi shows us his sculptures and reliefs under the same plastic concept that has in common his eagerness for geometric shapes that intertwine. His work Untitled (2021) is a good example of this.
The pieces, in different planes that overlap, alignments that, in the case of sculptures, fit together to form a harmonious whole formed by planes that meet or join, which can be separated and joined again as if it were a puzzle.
The mural volumes, made of cardboard and paper, drawing and paintings, maintain the same criteria as the sculptures.
Iñigo Arregi's relationship with Corten steel goes back a long way and has been fruitful for decades. It has made it easier for Iñigo to transfer his ideas to forms in which argument and experimentation take precedence; it has also allowed him to play with time thanks to the properties of the metal itself, whose oxidation works on its own resistance. Thus, verticality and horizontality are not only projected on the physical plane, but also in time.
Different planes that follow one after the other and form unique and original perspectives, a framework in which aesthetics allows a playful game of effects and views.
A discourse of non-explicit references, of complex arguments related to emotions. Visions only frontal, unlike the sculptures that can be contemplated from any perspective.
J.L. Ara Oliván


10 Interesting the Ottoman Empire Facts
Tuesday, September 20th 2016. | History
Let me tell you the Ottoman Empire facts in the following post below. People also call it as the Turkish Empire, Turkey or even Ottoman Turkey. The Oghuz Turks under the leadership of Osman I established the Ottoman Empire in northwestern Anatolia in 1299. In 1362 and 1389, Murad I conquered The Balkans which turned the Ottoman Sultanate into caliphate and transcontinental empire. Mehmed the Conqueror occupied Constantinople in 1453. It marked the end of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottomans. Here are other interesting facts about the Ottoman Empire:
The Ottoman Empire Facts 1: the height of Ottoman Empire's power
The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent marked the zenith of Ottoman Empire's power during the 16th and 17th centuries.
The Ottoman Empire Facts 2: the areas controlled by Ottoman Empire
At that time, Ottoman Empire covered the areas of the Horn of Africa, North Africa, Southeast Europe, the Caucasus and Western Asia. It was considered as the multilingual and multinational empire.
the ottoman empire facts
the ottoman empire facts
The Ottoman Empire Facts 3: provinces and states
Ottoman Empire had many vassal states and 32 provinces in the early of 17th century. Some of them earned autonomy, but others were included in Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire Facts 4: the capital
The capital of Ottoman Empire was Constantinople. For more than 6 centuries, the center of interaction between the Western and Eastern Worlds was located in Ottoman Empire. The Mediterranean basin was also under the control the empire.
the ottoman empire
the ottoman empire
The Ottoman Empire Facts 5: the decline of Ottoman Empire
In the end of 19th century, Ottoman Empire gradually declined due to the strength of the Europeans powers.
The Ottoman Empire Facts 6: the World War 1
Ottoman Empire joined the First World War in the beginning of the 20th century to ally with Germany. It was interested in the war to recover the lost territories.
the ottoman empire pictures
the ottoman empire pictures
The Ottoman Empire Facts 7: the internal conflict
It was easy for the Ottoman Empire to handle the external conflict. But the internal ones which included the Arab revolts could not be well handled. Find facts about the Black Sea here.
The Ottoman Empire Facts 8: the aftermath of World War 1
The Ottoman Empire was partitioned after it was defeated in the World War 1. The Allied powers occupied parts of the Empire.
the ottoman empire image
the ottoman empire image
The Ottoman Empire Facts 9: the Turkish War of Independence
The occupying allies were sent back due to the successful Turkish War of Independence. Therefore, the Anatolian Heartland became the site of the Republic of Turkey. Find facts about Turkey here.
The Ottoman Empire Facts 10: the abolishment
After the Young republic of Turkey was established, the caliphate as well as the Ottoman monarchy was removed.
the ottoman empire history
the ottoman empire history
Do you have any opinion on facts about the Ottoman Empire?
tags:,


text:
In an increasingly complex world, what is the role expected of leaders in managing risk? How can they maximise the opportunities as well as protect their organisation?
A spectrum of practices
Board-level conversations and practices in relation to strategy and risk management take place along a spectrum, with many boards being nearer to one end of the spectrum or the other.
The extremes of the spectrum can be characterised as:
- The Principled approach, where discussions about risk are more likely to focus on the exploitation of upsides and opportunities, and connect strategy and risk in an implicit and unstructured way, but potentially leading to inconsistent risk management decisions
- The Prescriptive approach, where risk-management activities are much more formalised and consistent, but a high degree of focus on internal control may mean that strategic opportunities are missed.
Board diversity drives 'risk intelligence'
Diversity (in its broadest sense) enables the board to understand the 'risk-reward equation' better. This diversity can be summarised as Risk Intelligence, Skills, Knowledge, Experience, Education, and Training (RI-SKeet). The enrichment and enhancement of strategic decision making brought about through RI-SKeet ensures a balanced collective board intelligence that is, allowing it to explore fully the dynamics of the risk–reward equation.
Risk Intelligence, Skills, Knowledge, Experience, Education, and Training (RI-SKeet)
The process of making risk more visible to the board is fraught with difficulties as there are multiple barriers that inhibit this from occurring.
These barriers fall within two categories; 'cognitive impediments', which reduce a board's ability to make risk-sensitive strategic decisions, and'social obstructions', which suppress risk-relevant dialogue in the boardroom.
ACCA would like to thank the following researchers for their work :
- Dr Simon Ashby University of Plymouth
- Dr Cormac Bryce University of Nottingham
- Dr Patrick Ring Glasgow Caledonian University
Suggestions for boards
Integrate risk and strategy
Derive value from your risk management
Deliver board diversity (RI-Skeet) to enable balanced risk intelligence
Take actions to manage and enhance the quality of board risk discussion


In this study we propose a new cooling concept using encapsulated phase-change particles flowing in a parallel-plate mini-channel. This novel concept is inspired by the gas exchange process in alveolar capillaries, where red blood cells (RBCs) flow with blood plasma, yielding very high gas transfer efficiency. Another important characteristic of alveolar capillary blood flow, which is related to the high efficiency of the lungs, is the snug fitting of the RBCs into the capillary. Hence, we conjecture that using particles similar to RBCs, i.e. with diameter similar to the spacing between the parallel plates, is likely to lead to high heat transfer efficiency as well. We report here experimental results of preliminary tests performed with octadecane paraffin (C18H38), a phase-change material, encapsulated in a thin melamine shell, flowing with water through a heated parallel-plate channel test module. We measured the temperature distribution along the heated surface of the channel for various water flow rates, with and without particles, and varying the number of particles. Results are reported in terms of the channel heated surface average temperature and the average Nusselt number.
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Industry Insights with Brian Ferro, BAE Systems Applied Intelligence
Anti-Money Laundering (AML), Cloud Security, COVID-19
Banking on Uncertainty - The Future of Financial Crime and Compliance
Banking on Uncertainty - The Future of Financial Crime and Compliance
Even before the pandemic set us on the road to a global recession, many banks were struggling to balance the polarising pressures of a changing world and keeping to business as usual.
There's newer and newer technology evolving financial crime and fraud typologies, which continues to plague global firms. They face a fight simply to keep pace with the increasingly sophisticated approaches that criminals are adopting.
Then there's the compliance tightrope - which is trickier to walk than ever. Banks are making decisions today that will attract a lot of scrutiny in the near future. They must ensure they have the rationale and data trail to back up what they are doing.
As if that wasn't enough, COVID-19 has meant that banks have had to turbocharge what had generally been a glacial stroll towards remote working. The chief concerns here are ensuring safe access to data and scaling for remote working for today and tomorrow.
With so much to tackle, it's hard for banks to prioritise when it comes to their compliance challenges. Below, I've explored the three key trends that banks need to confront to ready themselves for a future characterised by uncertainty and continually changing circumstances.
1. Evolving regulatory changes
Over the past decade, banks have had to comply with increasing regulations to guard against organised financial crime. Thomson Reuters reported that in 2019 alone, over 220 international regulatory changes occurred every day, amounting to 80,000 updates in that one year. Looking ahead, there's no sign of let-up in terms of regulatory pressure. As security is tightened and due diligence is improved, regulations will continue to appear and evolve.
The cloud can help organisations to meet their compliance obligations and become ready for an uncertain future. Cloud technology enables banks to handle expanding regulations in an elastic way, as well as providing the necessary long-term data storage. They can flex and scale their computing power according to demand, and only pay for what they use - meaning less waste and more control.
2. Gloomy economic forecasts
Cost efficiency matters more than ever as the economy enters what is predicted to be the worst recession in 100 years. Organisations across the financial services sector are under increased pressure to become leaner and more efficient. Paradoxically, the increase in regulatory requirements often means more staff and higher operational costs.
This is where cloud-based compliance solutions come in, offering scalable and affordable services to banks of all sizes - even rapidly growing start-ups. They allow organisations to move from a capital expenditure (CapEx) to an operating expenditure (OpEx) model. And cloud platforms free up time and resources to improve operations for those struggling to keep up with the page of change.
3. Combating changing cybercrime
The annual cost for UK banks combating cybercrime and online fraud is £6.7 billion, according to the Financial Conduct Authority. To be future ready, institutions must move faster than the criminals who seek to attack them.
Banks have to adapt rapidly to the shifting profile and pace of financial crime. As fraud is moving from transaction-based attacks to more identity-based attacks, banks must be diligent when making customers aware of the types of scams taking place. Fraud is becoming increasingly intelligent and intricate.
As well as focusing on external threats, banks also need to maintain due diligence and be alert to internal threats. They must be thorough when hiring new staff, conducting background and credit checks. They must educate employees on how to work safely and securely - particularly as remote working increases - so as not to expose the organisation.
Cloud-based solutions enable the bank of the future to detect fraud more accurately through advanced analytics. The system will perform due diligence and risk rate your customers, re-screening high-risk customers, monitoring transactions, reviewing suspicious activity, investigating cases and running reports. Vast amounts of data can be processed to inform decisions and deliver accurate results.
Cloud compliance compatibility
It's one thing finding a holistic hosted cloud compliance solution that can offer the same robust security standards (if not better than) that you'd expect from an on-premises solution. But you also need to feel confident that any cloud platform you embrace can help you reduce costs and ensure maintenance and management.
And that's why compliance in the cloud isn't simply a question of the platform. It's about people, process and partners, too.
1. 2. 3.
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names that can be changed as required. The replication resource group must have a name with the format devicegroupname-stor-rg.
This example configuration uses SVM software. For more information about Solaris Volume Manager software, see the Chapter 4, Configuring Solaris Volume Manager Software, in Oracle Solaris Cluster Software Installation Guide.
The following figure illustrates the volumes that are created in the device group.
Figure A-8 Volumes for the Device Group
Note - The volumes that are defined in this procedure must not include disk-label private areas, for example, cylinder 0. The SVM software manages this constraint automatically.


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Hello Campbell Staff:
Thank you so much for taking time out of your busy day to help me complete this technology survey. I was challenged to get a 100% response from the staff at my building - thank YOU for helping me reach my goal!
This survey will address three areas: (1) personal technology skills, (2) technology usage, and (3) technology integration.
Although I have created this as a requirement for a course I am taking, I hope that I can share and use the results in our building. My goal is to discover areas in which our staff desires technology training or professional development, identify issues inhibiting technology integration, and generate ideas for how the technology committee can provide technology assistance to staff.
The survey is anonymous - answer freely and honestly. Again, thank you! I am very lucky to work with such an awesome group of people!
Sherri Heimann
The survey is 12 questions (the first 3 have multiple parts). I am roughly estimating about 10 minutes or so to take it. Thanks again!
1. Please rate your own technology skills according to the scale. Please select one for each question.
I am not sure how to do this task.
I have done this before, but might need some help.
I can perform this task without any assistance.
I could train staff to do this.
Create a functioning web page with Microsoft Word. *
Map a network drive to my web folder (or team web folder, if applicable) *
Connect and use the Smartboard *
Connect and use an LCD projector with my laptop *
Connect and use the CPS (Classroom Performance System) software *
Create lessons or assessments in the CPS (Classroom Performance System) software *
Take digital pictures and download them to my computer *
Take digital video and download it to my computer *
Analyze data and create graphs in Microsoft Excel *
Save files so they can be opened in different software versions (i.e. Word 97 vs. Word 2000) *
2. How often do you integrate these technologies into your instruction or materials?Please select one for each question.
At least once per week
At least once per month
At least once per quarter
At least once per semester
At least once per year
Never use it
Have students use the computer lab *
Present lessons using an LCD projector *
Use the Smartboard to instruct *
Use the CPS (Classroom Performance System) with your students *
Have students use the Internet as part of their lesson *
Use a classroom webpage that you created for your students *
Have students create graphic organizers in Inspiration *
Have students use a digital camera for their projects *
Have students use a video camera for their projects *
Have students create PowerPoint presentations *
Have students type papers in Word *
Have students use Excel to analyze or graph data *
Have students take assessment online *
Have students use content specific software for teaching/reinforcing skills *
3. Please evaluate each of the following statements. Please select one for each question.
Strongly AgreeAgreeDisagreeStrongly Disagree
I can easily access the available technology in the school when I need it. *
I feel confident in my ability to integrate multiple technologies into my instruction. *
Integrating technology is not pertinent to my curriculum. *
I have a good variety of ideas and lessons for integrating technology into my teaching. *
The amount of time needed to prepare technology-based lessons deters me from creating them. *
I believe that integrating technology into my curriculum is important for student success. *
I am aware of the resources available by the district that can help me learn how to integrate technology. *
I do not have the technology skills to support the students when they use technology for a project. *
I am familiar with what technology is available to my students and me in our building. *
I am familiar with the copyright laws that govern the acceptable use of technology (including using material from the Internet) *
4. For the next 5 questions, please describe where you are at professionally with each.
Plan and integrate technology-based learning activities that promote student engagement in higher-order thinking skills. *
Use content-specific tools (e.g. software, simulation, graphing calculators, Web tools) to support learning and research. *
Have my students use technology in the development of strategies for solving problems in the real world. *
Use a variety of strategies for implementing the Internet into my curriculum. *
Plan and teach student-centered learning activities and lessons in which students apply technology tools and resources. *
What is the number one factor that prevents you from integrating more technology into your lessons?
Concerning the use or integration of technology, what is the one area in which you would most like to receive training or professional development?
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FRED v9.110 Released
FRED v9.110 was officially released on October 15, 2010 and contains some exciting new features that we believe make FRED more functional and easier to use. Brief descriptions of these new features are provided below:
Element Primitives are commonly used geometries which can be created and modified through a single dialog in the graphical user interface (GUI). Each geometry is completely specified through a minimal set of parameters unique to the element primitive type, and bulk properties can be conveniently assigned to the primitive from the single dialog interface. The following solids can be created as Element Primitives:
|Torus||Circular Pyramid||Hemisphere Solid|
IES Source Import
Detailed optical sources can now be automatically created from an IES file according to the ANSI/IESNA LM-63-2002 format. Source ray positions are random volume with dimensions equal to the luminous opening, ray directions are generated randomly according to the intensity distribution and the total power is specified in Lumens.
Ray Direction – Randomly according to intensity distribution
A new ray direction specification has been added in support of the IES Source Import feature. This ray direction generates ray directions randomly according to an intensity distribution in polar-azimuthal coordinates. The intensity distribution can be read from a file, entered manually or digitized from a plot.
Improved Raytrace Intersection Algorithms
New raytrace intersection algorithms are being used for surfaces of revolution and tabulated cylinders whose generatrix curve is a segmented curve type. Benchmarks for the new algorithm show factors up to 100X speed improvement, with more benefit being gained the larger the number of segments in the generatrix curve. This new algorithm is especially useful for reflector design, where these curves and surface types are commonly used.
Realized Lumens Output
For sources whose power units are specified as Lumens, the real photometric power of the source (Realized Lumens) calculated by including the source wavelengths is printed to the output window at the time of source creation. This serves as an indicator of the accuracy of the wavelengths being generated during source creation.
For a more complete description of the new features in this release, please read the attached PDF document.


Gaussian Formulae
From OrthodoxWiki
Revision as of 18:03, August 29, 2005 by Aleks (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Year indicates the year of interest (AD). The formulae: a = Year mod 4 b = Year mod 7 c = Year mod 19 d = (19c + 15) mod 30 e = (2a + 4b - d + 34) mod 7 f = Int((d + e + 114) / 31) g = ((d + e + 114) mod 31) + 1
f is the month of Pascha. g is the day of Pascha. For example, if f is 3 and g is 27, then Pascha occurs on March 27.
Source: Hieromonk Cassian, A Scientific Examination of the Orthodox Church Calendar Programs using these formulae: Menologion
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The revolutionary AquaC protein skimmers do not use venturis, downdraft tubes, or air pumps; they employ the patented "Spray Injection System." This innovation allows the protein skimmer to efficiently draw in much more air than any other of the top protein skimmers. This coupled with the superiorly designed compact reaction chamber yields results that will literally blow the waste out of your water.How does Spray Injection Work?
In 1998, Jason Kim (owner and founder of AquaC) developed a patented process of protein skimming which has come to be known as Spray Injection. Unlike previous forms of skimming, our spray injection method enables huge amounts of air and water to be processed with a relatively small pump. Although it is a simple process, there is still some confusion as to how the spray injector works.
Imagine that you're washing your car – you've got a bucket full of soapy water and a garden hose with a fast-moving stream of water. By placing your thumb over the end of the hose, you can disrupt the stream into a turbulent, high –pressure spray. Now direct that spray down into the bucket of water, and you'll generate a massive amount of bubbles and air flow. That is exactly how our spray injector works.
The skimmer body acts as a water reservoir – the bucket in the example above. Water is pumped through the spray injector, which has a special nozzle that fans the water out into a pressurized spray. This spray shoots into the skimmer body, generating millions of tiny air bubbles. As the bubbles are formed, more air is sucked into the skimmer as a result of the local drop in pressure and the process continues.
Most other forms of protein skimming rely on special valves or media to generate the air flow, and these parts quickly become clogged with salt, dust, or even mineral deposits. The AquaC spray injector is a relatively large nozzle that resists clogging, and when combined with a pump prefilter, can be considered maintenance free.
The redesigned and improved EV Series skimmers raise AquaC's spray injection skimming (U.S. Patent # 6,156,209, #6,436,295) to a new level in terms of efficiency, performance, and value. A new baffling system combined with a significantly larger mixing box results in far less turbulence and increased contact time. The net effect is a dramatic increase in skimmer performance despite a drop in pump pressure requirements. AquaC's molded spray injector now generates a significantly larger number of microbubbles, boosting overall performance to unbelievable levels considering such low pump pressure requirements.Features:
- Flexible design for in-sump or external applications.
- The new EV Series skimmers are designed to run in sumps WITHOUT BEING RAISED. The output gate valve has been increased to a height of 10" (EV-120/180 models), which means that as long as your sump level is 9" or lower you will not need to worry about fluctuations having an impact on skimming consistency. The powerful EV-120 can sit in water as deep as 9".
- The addition of a precision ball valve for airflow control allows the aquarist to fine tune the skimmer's output. Unlike most other high performance skimmers in this class, the EV is remarkably silent. The spray injection system does not generate the sucking noises typical of venturi and Beckett units.
- The John Guest "Speedfit" fitting is a great feature you will only find on AquaC ozone-equipped skimmers. This fitting is standard on models EV-240 and above, and can be ordered on the EV-120/180. Aquarists may also connect their calcium reactor effluent line to the skimmer's speedfit connection. The pH of a calcium reactor effluent typically falls between 6.5-6.9, and over time the addition of this low pH effluent can have a deleterious effect on the system's pH level. By dosing your effluent directly into the skimmer, excess CO2 will be "blown off" into the atmosphere and the tank pH will remain unaffected.
- The improved "Twist-Lock" collection cup and cap makes for a secure, flanged connection without the need for set screws or other locking type unions. Simply twist to crack the seal (EPDM gaskets) and removal requires a scant ¼" clearance. The new EV Series skimmers can be operated with AquaC's auto-waste container, which are available in 2.5 and 5 liter sizes.
- Increased contact time = more protein removal. The size of the mixing box has been increased on all models by approximately 40%. To accommodate the extra foam the skimmers now feature taller and wider reaction towers, as well.
- Height: 20"
- Recommend Pumps: Mag Drive 7 or Rio 3100
- Footprint: 5.75" x 9"
- Foam Tower: 5" OD
- Tank Size: 75-180 Gallons
- JG Fitting: Optional 1/4" JG fitting
- Bubble Size:.03–.05mm
- Water flow-thru rate: 275gph
- Volume of foam produced: 135cu.in.
- 3/4" hose barb water input
- 1" gate valve output
- 5/8" collection cup drain
- 3/8" threaded air inlet
- Gate valve exit is 8" high
|EV 120/180 Skimmer
||EV 240 Skimmer|
AquaC Protein Skimmers in Use
|This is one reef aquariums where the AquaC prototypes are tested on.|
At the time of the picture, this aquarium had been running with an AquaC EV90. Note that this aquarium is fairly heavily stocked. After this picture was taken, quite a bit more livestock has been added to this aquarium. Currently, an AquaC EV150 is running on this well-overstocked tank. AquaC feels that this the EV150 is probably not neccessary for the tank, but they feed their tank quite aggressively to keep all the fishes that has been added healthy and wanted to keep maintenance at a minimum. According to AquaC, maintenance on this aquarium has been extremely low.
The AquaC EV-150 protein skimmer working on our aquairum:
Please note the dry consistency and quantity of the foam being collected by the AquaC protein skimmer. This drain cup is being filled on a daily basis. There is a convenient collection cup drain connector that allows you to drain the the waste collected in collection cup into a waste container.
This particular model stands only 20" tall, so it is extremely easy to place this skimmer underneath most aquarium stands. Even the model EV200 fits very easily under most aquarium stands.
The AquaC EV skimmer working in one of our customer's tank:

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Suicide can be moral, but that's no reason to egg people on
At the moment, in Cape Town, there's a man threatening to jump to his death. Some are calling for him to jump.
I jotted down some thoughts about why suicide can be moral, but why that's not the same as being part of a crowd yelling for him to leap to his death. And also oppose those who claim life is always worth living.
 1. Aaroninmelbourne says
 There are two things about suicide:
 1. Suicide often happens when the emotional pain someone is in, is more than their ability to cope with it and is thus a psychological health emergency;
 2. Suicide is a moral option if someone were to lose control of their ability to be moral.
 Jeffrey Dahmer was a case in point: he had urges to kill people but attempted to self-medicate with alcohol and adult materials. Then one day someone accidentally died during a sexual encounter and he lost control. If he had suicided (I'm carefully avoiding "committed suicide" as I refuse to use language suggesting it's a crime of any sort… as a digression, it's the same reason I don't "admit" to being an atheist or to being gay, but will declare or confirm depending on circumstances) then it would have been more moral than otherwise as he would, in effect, have saved the lives of his future victims. Of course, losing control was a psychological emergency as well; it was what he did that was immoral, not what happened in the confines of his brain.
 2. noel says
 Godley and Creme address this issue with wicked sardonicism in their song, "The Sporting Life": "Wait 'til there's a crowd below/Give a little, when you go."


1 = sc.parallelize(1 to 1000, 15)
val myrdd2 = myrdd1.coalesce(5,false)
Int = 5
Output :
Int = 15
Int = 5
19) Explain pipe() operation. How it writes the result to the standard output?
Ans. It is a transformation.
def pipe(command: String): RDD[String]
Return an RDD created by piping elements to a forked external process.
 - In general, Spark is using Scala, Java, and Python to write the program. However, if that is not enough, and one want to pipe (inject) the data which written in other languages like 'R', Spark provides the general mechanism in the form of pipe() method.
 - Spark provides the pipe() method on RDDs.
 - With Spark's pipe() method, one can write a transformation of an RDD that can read each element in the RDD from standard input as String.
 - It can write the results as String to the standard output.
For more transformation on RDDs see: Apache Spark Operations
20) What is the key difference between textFile and wholeTextFile method?
Ans. Both are the method of org.apache.spark.SparkContext.
textFile() :
 - def textFile(path: String, minPartitions: Int = defaultMinPartitions): RDD[String]
 - Read a text file from HDFS, a local file system (available on all nodes), or any Hadoop-supported file system URI, and return it as an RDD of Strings
 - For example sc.textFile("/home/hdadmin/wc-data.txt") so it will create RDD in which each individual line an element.
 - Everyone knows the use of textFile.
wholeTextFiles() :
 - def wholeTextFiles(path: String, minPartitions: Int = defaultMinPartitions): RDD[(String, String)]
 - Read a directory of text files from HDFS, a local file system (available on all nodes), or any Hadoop-supported file system URI.
 - Rather than create basic RDD, the wholeTextFile() returns pairRDD.
 - For example, you have few files in a directory so by using wholeTextFile() method,
 it creates pair RDD with a filename with a path as key,
 and value is the whole file as a string
val myfilerdd = sc.wholeTextFiles("/home/hdadmin/MyFiles")
val keyrdd = myfilerdd.keys
val filerdd = myfilerdd.values
Output :
Array[String] = Array(
Array[String] =
 - Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 - Contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
 - This work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 - The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 - The "License"; you may not use this file except in compliance with
 - The License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 - Distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 - See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
21) What is Action, how it process data in Apache Spark?
Ans. Actions return final result of RDD computations/operation. It triggers execution using lineage graph to load the data into original RDD, and carries out all intermediate transformations and returns final result to Driver program or write it out to file system.
For example: First, take, reduce, collect, count, aggregate are some of the actions in spark.
Action produces a value back to the Apache Spark driver program. It may trigger a previously constructed, lazy RDD to evaluate. It is an RDD operations that produce non-RDD values. Action function materializes a value in a Spark program. So basically an action is RDD operation that returns a value of any type but RDD[T] is an action. Actions are one of two ways to send data from executors to the driver (the other being accumulators).
For detail study of Action refer Transformation and Action in Apache Spark.
22) How is Transformation on RDD different from Action?
Ans. Transformations create new RDD from existing RDD
Transformations are executed on demand.(Lazy computation)
Ex: filter(), union()
An Action will return a non-RDD type (your stored value types usually)
Actions trigger execution using lineage graph to load the data into original RDD
Ex: count(), first()
23) What are the ways in which one can know that the given operation is Transformation or Action?
Ans. In order to identify the operation, one needs to look at the return type of an operation.
 - If the operation returns a new RDD, in that case, an operation is 'Transformation'
 - If the operation returns any other type than RDD, in that case, an operation is 'Action'
Hence, Transformation constructs a new RDD from an existing one (previous one) while Action computes the result based on applied transformation and returns the result to either driver program or save it to the external storage.
Also, refer to operations of RDD in Apache Spark and its Operations
24) Describe Partition and Partitioner in Apache Spark.
Ans. Partition in Spark is similar to split in HDFS. A partition in Spark is a logical division of data stored on a node in the cluster. They are the basic units of parallelism in Apache Spark. RDDs are a collection of partitions. When some actions are executed, a task is launched per partition.
By default, partitions are automatically created by the framework. However, the number of partitions in Spark are configurable to suit the needs. For the number of partitions, if spark.default.parallelism is set, then we should use the value from SparkContext defaultParallelism, othewrwise we should use the max number of upstream partitions. Unless spark.default.parallelism is set, the number of partitions will be the same as that of the largest upstream RDD, as this would least likely cause out-of-memory errors.
A partitioner is an object that defines how the elements in a key-value pair RDD are partitioned by key, maps each key to a partition ID from 0 to numPartitions – 1. It captures the data distribution at the output. With the help of partitioner, the scheduler can optimize the future operations. The contract of partitioner ensures that records for a given key have to reside on a single partition.
We should choose a partitioner to use for a cogroup-like operations. If any of the RDDs already has a partitioner, we should choose that one. Otherwise, we use a default HashPartitioner.
There are three types of partitioners in Spark :
 - Hash Partitioner
 - Range Partitioner
 - Custom Partitioner
Hash – Partitioner: Hashpartitioning attempts to spread the data evenly across various partitions based on the key.
Range – Partitioner: In RangePartitioning method, tuples having keys with same range will appear on the same machine.
RDDs can create with specific partitioning in two ways :
i) Providing explicit partitioner by calling partitionBy method on an RDD
ii) Applying transformations that return RDDs with specific partitioners.
5. Apache Spark Interview Questions For Experience
25) How can you manually partition the RDD?
Ans. When we create the RDD from a file stored in HDFS.
data = context.textFile("/user/dataflair/file-name")
By default one partition is created for one block. ie. if we have a file of size 1280 MB (with 128 MB block size) there will be 10 HDFS blocks, hence the similar number of partitions (10) will create.
If you want to create more partitions than the number of blocks, you can specify the same while RDD creation:
data = context.textFile("/user/dataflair/file-name", 20)
It will create 20 partitions for the file. ie for each block 2 partitions will create.
NOTE: It is often recommended to have more no of partitions than no of the block, it improves the performance
26) Name the two types of shared variable available in Apache Spark.
Ans. There are two types of shared variables available in Apache Spark:
 - Accumulators: used to Aggregate the Information.
 - Broadcast variable: to efficiently distribute large values.
When we pass the function to Spark, say filter(), this function can use the variable which defined outside of the function but within the Driver program but when we submit the task to Cluster, each worker node gets a new copy of variables and update from these variables not propagated back to Driver program.
Accumulators and Broadcast variable are used to remove above drawback ( i.e. we can get the updated values back to our Driver program)
27) What are accumulators in Apache Spark?
Ans. This discussion is in continuation with a question, Name the two types of shared variable available in Apache Spark.
Introduction of Accumulator :
 - An accumulator is a shared variable in Apache Spark, used to aggregating information across the cluster.
 - In other words, aggregating information/values from worker nodes back to the driver program. ( How we will see in below session)
Why Accumulator :
 - When we use a function inside the operation like map(), filter() etc these functions can use the variables which defined outside these function scope in the driver program.
 - When we submit the task to cluster, each task running on the cluster gets a new copy of these variables and updates from these variable do not propagate back to the driver program.


text:
I'd love to spend a few weeks on a narrowboat traveling through the canals and inland waterways of Great Britain. There are literally thousands of miles of publicly-accessible routes available with much of it interconnected into a single system, allowing one to experience the countryside at four miles per hour.
This article isn't so much about the canal network itself. Other websites such as British Waterways, Scottish Canals and the Inland Waterways Association already provide all the information one might need. Rather, this is about some of the unusual engineering features found along these waterways.
While I'm sure I'd be completely content as I puttered through the British countryside, I'd certainly point a course towards the extremes and the oddities. Water doesn't necessarily flow where man may want it to go. It has to be channeled, corralled and coaxed to form a suitable transportation network. Engineers and designers came up with some rather ingenious solutions from the late 18th Century through the middle of the 19th Century in those early years of the industrial revolution.
Does a hillside block the intended watercourse? No problem. Build a tunnel.
View Larger Map
I had a difficult time finding a visible canal tunnel entrance from the images available on Google Street View. In general, canals are dug from the surrounding landscape so they sink below eye level. They tend to have right-of-ways on either side that becomes naturally protected spaces for trees and other vegetation. It's easy to spot a canal running through the countryside by searching for a tell-tale line of trees. Getting a clear shot of a canal as it enters a tunnel from Street View imagery however is a completely different story.
The one shown here is known at the Dudley Tunnel and it remains submerged for about 1.75 miles. This forms part of the Dudley Canal in the West Midlands and it was used originally to transport limestone. This entrance happens to be located right by the Dudley Canal Trust which offers underground boat trips into the tunnels and over to the limestone caverns.
Imagine the importance of these inland waterways of the 19th Century especially in the days before the ubiquitous railroad. Certainly greater tonnage could be floated through the countryside than pulled by horse or ox across abysmally rutted roads and muddy paths. I suppose I shouldn't be surprised to see canals that resemble modern road networks, as that's the purpose they served during their prominence.
Obstacles in the way? Bridges are handy.
View Larger Map
Construction engineers could design bridges — or aqueducts — at the intersection of canals where elevations differed. I found this example not far from Dudley as I searched for canal tunnels. I couldn't get a clear image of the tunnel (open the map and it can be found immediately to the south-southwest) but I did find this nice bridge. Here the Netherton Tunnel Branch Canal passes beneath the Old Birmingham Canal Navigations (BCN) Main Line at Tividale Aqueduct.
Exceptional aqueducts existed at valley crossings. Designers sometimes chose to cut a path directly above the valley rather than step a canal down to the valley floor and then step it back up with a system of locks. An aqueduct is more difficult from an engineering standpoint but transportation time savings would be considerable.
View Larger Map
Pontcysyllte Aqueduct in Wales is particularly dramatic, carrying the Llangollen Canal over a valley formed by the River Dee. This cast iron structure spans nearly a quarter of a mile while carrying boats 125 feet above the valley floor. Google Street View captured this well. I can see four boats crossing in succession. The though of carrying what is essentially a river across this gap is truly remarkable. Perhaps that is why this 1805 achievement is a UNESCO World Heritage Site:
Situated in north-eastern Wales, the 18 kilometre long Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal is a feat of civil engineering of the Industrial Revolution, completed in the early years of the 19th century. Covering a difficult geographical setting, the building of the canal required substantial, bold civil engineering solutions, especially as it was built without using locks. The aqueduct is a pioneering masterpiece of engineering and monumental metal architecture, conceived by the celebrated civil engineer Thomas Telford. The use of both cast and wrought iron in the aqueduct enabled the construction of arches that were light and strong, producing an overall effect that is both monumental and elegant…
Lifts and Wheels
I have nothing against canal locks. I rather enjoy them as a matter of fact, both modern and antique. However they're simply too common. Tunnels and Aqueducts are great too, however, let's get to some even more unusual structures that can be experienced on the inland waterways of Britain.
SOURCE: Flickr (deadmanjones), via Creative Commons, Attribution-Non Commercial License
Don't have enough room for a lock? Build a lift.
I couldn't find a decent angle on the maps websites so I've borrowed an image from Flickr. This shows the Anderton Boat Lift in Cheshire (see map). A boat enters the lift. Counterweights composed of water-filled caissons move vessels between the River Weaver (up) and the Trent & Mersey Canal (down). The elevation difference between the two waterways is about fifty feet.
SOURCE: YouTube (praatafrikaanz)
I'd love to visit someday but I'll have to satisfy my curiosity with YouTube for now. It's also a lot easier to let the video demonstrate how this thing works instead of trying to explain it. The Falkirk Wheel is a rotating lift rather than an elevator-style lift. It is used to connect the Forth and Clyde Canal with the Union Canal, replacing eleven traditional locks over a nearly eighty foot elevation difference.
The Falkirk Wheel arrived more than a century after the heyday of industrial revolution canal building. It opened in 2002. This recent vintage seems somewhat mystifying since many other options are available for cargo transport. It seems to exist primarily for tourism and recreation.
Are other options available? Why yes, there's always the inclined plane.
View Larger Map
Great Britain no longer has any functioning inclined planes along its inland waterways as far as I could ascertain. However I found evidence of one that existed in the early 20th Century at the Foxton Locks. These were found in Leicestershire along the Grand Union Canal. The satellite image shows the ruins of the old inclined plane with functional locks on the left.
It's an odd concept about halfway between a lift and a lock, with characteristics of both. Like a lock, it conforms to the contours of the landscape. Like a lift, it uses counterbalances to create a single continuous motion. Wikipedia has a nice photograph of an inclined plane in action on the Marne-Rhine Canal in northeastern France. It looks really strange.
The inclined plane at Foxton Locks reduced travel time from 75 minutes to 12 minutes but there wasn't sufficient barge traffic to make it viable economically. Restoration, however, is underway with the increased interest in recreational canal boating. Britain may have an inclined plane once again.
Are any of the readers of the Twelve Mile Circle familiar with these or similar structures? Please share your findings in the comments.


text:
These instructions apply to you if the IT Admin at your school has created teams for you based on your school roster. They also apply to you whether you're using a desktop or mobile device.
Questions about setting up Early Access for the first time? Ask your IT Admin for help and refer them to this set of steps.
Your IT Admin creates your new class teams at the beginning of each term and takes care of adding the student roster. However, you have access to the class team before your students can view it and begin participating. This means you have time to set up, add files, and get organized before granting access to your students. Once you're ready for students to access a team, follow these steps to activate it:
You'll notice a banner at the top of all your new class teams that shows you how many students are waiting to join the class.
Navigate to a team and select Activate.
Select Activate again to confirm that you'd like your students to access the team.
View students waiting to join
To review the list of students who have been added to your class but don't have access to it yet, navigate to a class team and select More options >Manage team.
You'll see a list of students waiting to join underneath the Members tab.


text:
|Department of Engineering|
|University of Cambridge > Engineering Department > News & Features|
1 August 2007
The Department's Nanoscience Centre
Teenagers from across the UK were offered a rare insight into the exciting and dynamic field of Nanotechnology.
Thirty school pupils came to the Department's Nanoscience Centre at West Cambridge for a four-day residential course organised by The Smallpeice Trust, an independent charity which promotes engineering as a career.
Cutting across many scientific disciplines, nanotechnology explores the manipulation of atoms and molecules to produce innovative products like cars that never need polishing or self-adjusting sunscreen.
Through a combination of compelling lectures, challenging workshops, stimulating, hands-on projects and site visits, experts in the field introduced students to the extraordinary concepts and practical applications of this rapidly expanding technology.
Students explored the nano-world using powerful electron microscopes, creating macro-scale molecular models and conducting surface science experiments.
The teenagers were also able to visit TWI, a world centre for joining technologies where they were able to see nanotechnology in practice and observe the way other industries have benefited from a range of joining techniques.
Cambridge is widely seen as a leader in nanotechnology research with successes across the University in nanoelectronics, novel materials and coatings, biologically inspired nanostructures and advanced characterization tools.
Spokesperson for The Smallpeice Trust, Gemma Murphy commented, "It is a real privilige to be working with this international research centre and being able to give students a insight into how this has the potential to revolutionise our lives."
Mark Welland, Professor of Nanotechnology and Director of the IRC in Nanotechnology, reflected, "The Smallpeice residential course is an important element of our nanotechnology outreach programme that engages with schools in the UK as part of FRONTIERS, an EU funded Network of Excellence".
The Nanotechnology course is run by The Smallpeice Trust as part of an ongoing programme of residential courses designed to help young people aged 13 – 18 learn and develop skills in engineering, design and management. Through these courses and STEM enrichment sessions, The Trust has reached out to more than 8,000 students across the UK in the past year – a 20 fold increase over a 6 year period.
The Trust's new course timetable for 2008 will be launched in September this year. To find out more, visit the website _URL_
|| Search | CUED | Cambridge University ||
© Department of Engineering at the University of Cambridge
Information provided by web-editor


text:
Definition of Sensory
Sensory: Relating to sensation, to the perception of a stimulus, to the voyage made by incoming nerve impulses from the sense organs to the nerve centers or to the senses themselves.Source: MedTerms™ Medical Dictionary
Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012
Drug Medical Dictionary of Terms by Letter
Medical Dictionary Term:
Find out what women really need.


. Get yourself in the "failure" mindset and you will think of things that you wouldn't have otherwise.
The Importance of Upgrade or Migration Checklists
If you do decide to do an upgrade (whether in place or migration) you should seriously consider creating a checklist and using this checklist in each environment. You should include a bunch of things in this checklist, not the least of which:
 1. At the Start - Do some things like perform a test upgrade, test your applications on the latest Database Compatibility level and consider running a tool like the SQL Server Upgrade Advisor ahead of time to see what sort of tasks you need to complete before doing the SQL Server upgrade or migration.
 2. Pre Steps - Cleanup, OS tasks, patching ahead of time, preparing applications for the upgrade (clean shutdowns, connection string work), backups, etc.
 3. Upgrade/Migration Steps - Everything you have to do for the upgrade or migration to succeed and in the right order. Installation, changing (or not changing depending on your testing and approach) compatibility mode changes to databases, etc.
 4. Post Migration/Upgrade Steps - Various tests, post new version or new server configuration options, best practice implementation, security changes, etc.
 5. Rollback Steps - All along the way you should have rollback steps and milestones. If you get this far and this happens, what will you do? What are "do a full rollback" criteria? And how do you do that rollback (reverse connection string changes, change back settings, go back to the old version, reinstall if an in place, point back to the old server if a migration, etc.)
And then have the person who will be doing the production upgrade follow the checklist in some environment other than production - especially one that closes resembles production if possible ("South of prod", as I say...) and note any issues or points where they had to divert from the checklist or improvise because of a lack in the checklist. Then get the changes merged in and have fun with your production change.
I can not over stress the importance of testing thoroughly post migration or upgrade and ahead of your migration enough. Making a rollback decision in the midst of an upgrade should be an easy one - especially during a migration. If there is something uncomfortable, rollback and figure it out if you can't troubleshoot it effectively and reliably in the heat of the migration. Once you are live on this new environment and users connect - rollback becomes a difficult task. You can't restore a SQL Server database to an earlier version. That means manual work and data migrations. I always wait a couple weeks to kill the old environment but you should do all you can to avoid needing that old environment by finding all of your issues before your live users ever touch the new environment. Preferably before you even kick off the upgrade/migration.
Quick note about SQL Server Reporting Services migration/upgrade Migrating an SSRS installation isn't quite a herculean task that many think it is. This technet/books online article is actually quite handy. One of the most important admonitions in that article is "Back up the encryption keys" especially if you have a lot of saved sensitive information like scheduled report e-mail recipient e-mail addresses, connection information for a multitude of connections, etc. You can ask one of my clients from awhile back how important that is. They know because I messed that step up and spent quite a lot of time modifying report schedules and connection string permissions.
share|improve this answer
Mike's answers hit the points very well. I'd read his 'a bit more' section and use the risk analysis I mentioned to come up with a decision. – Ali Razeghi Nov 27 '12 at 1:21
+1 fantastic, thorough answer that most of us are way too lazy for... :-) – Aaron Bertrand Nov 27 '12 at 1:50
I blame too much coffee and green tea and a small pile of other things to do, Aaron. Speaking of which.. That pile is still there. – Mike Walsh Nov 27 '12 at 1:51
Procrastination, the foundation of many vote worthy answers. – Mark Storey-Smith Nov 27 '12 at 1:54
thanks Mike, I know its not strictly a question that can be answered, as is a LITTLE discussion-like. But I was preparing to flatten the box as usual and rebuild the OS, etc as usual. Then I thought it interesting to see general consensus had changed, i'm sure some others will find this a useful post too down the line and that is one of the major objectives I guess – DamagedGoods Nov 27 '12 at 2:33
In my experience, the same decision making process should be made as prior. AFAIK there hasn't been any 'world changers' with SQL Server installation, within the MS SQL Server product in itself, and the potential problems you have when rolling out software with millions of lines of code. Something bad could happen and now you're stuck with no 'ROLLBACK' option.
You do however have other alternatives in place. You could consider making a snapshot of the system, restore elsewhere, perform the upgrade and see what happens. This test should give you a lot of comfort, but it doesn't absolutely guarantee no problems will arise on the prod box. However, this is an option that was not available back in SQL 6.5 days.
I would just assume the worst case scenario. You do a in place upgrade and it fails miserably. You have to then recover from this within your RTO and RCO. Does the business understand the risks and do you have plans in place to mitigate it?
If the business is not OK with this, then don't do it would be my advice.
share|improve this answer
"I would just assume the worst case scenario." +1 - Sage advice for any DBA task. Good answer. – Mike Walsh Nov 27 '12 at 2:02
If you have your servers running in a virtual environment, you can perform a snapshot on a clone and then apply the in-place upgrade and test the instance to verify the upgrade was successful. If it works, you can apply the snapshot and make the clone the production server. If it goes poorly, you can delete the snapshot and go back to the pre-upgrade image to try again, or delete the clone and to a full migration.
share|improve this answer
Only if the storage is also virtualized and part of the snapshot. If the storage is directly attached to the VM it won't be 'rolled back' when the snapshot is restored... – Remus Rusanu Dec 29 '13 at 17:08
Nothing is wrong with either approach per se -- I've done both and both the outcomes are typically good.
If there is a problem with the migration approach, it's not technical: it's laziness. Too often I find that the reason a company hasn't gone fully to xxxx version yet is because they chose a swing migration and never got around to do the hard work to completely move. Now they have two or more sets of servers instead of one.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
Benefits to using skilled conversation strategies when communicating with caregiving stakeholders:
· Reduce stress.
· Make difficult decisions.
· Communicate more effectively during challenging situations.
· Prevent burnout and resentments
Overview of what we learned:
· When one or more people are very invested, emotions are running high, and the outcome is very important, it is important to remember that it is okay that people think differently
· Before going anywhere in a conversation, it is important to establish common ground and continue to seek mutual purpose
· Who, where, when, and what is going on are key to a successful conversation
· Listening so everyone feels heard and speaking so that others can hear require skills, empathy, curiosity and the ability to put the needs of the group before the needs of the individual.
· Sometimes we have to think out of the box to get out of the rut
· When emotions are running really high for us as an individual, the Healthy Mind Platter helps us to reconnect to what is happening in our mind, body and relationships
· When we acknowledge our shame, we can move forward to empathy
· When we acknowledge resentment, we can reframe to disappointment from where we can pivot to hope, peace, wisdom, opportunity
· Be aware of silence and violence that can come out when we are not feeling safe or lack respect
· Speak with persuasion, honesty and humility when the content moves toward the controversial
· Tell your truth in stories that recognize your active participation, ownership and responsibility while recognizing the quality of character and position of others in the conversation
· As we gather all of the data and move toward a decision, an important consideration is who will be involved in making the decision
· Once a decision is made, formulation of an actionable plan helps us to keep moving forward and not fall back into unsafe waters


text:
Miscellaneous changes to java.net worth mentioning:
Noteworthy bug fixes:
A bug existed in JDK1.0.2 where one could not create an InetAddress
out of a IP address String (e.g., "22.214.171.124") if a corresponding
host name (e.g., "java.sun.com") could not be found. This resulted in
an UnknownHostException. The bug is fixed in JDK1.1. Additionally,
when an InetAddress is created from an IP address, the corresponding hostname
is not looked up until specifically requested (via InetAddress.getHostName()),
as a performance enhancement.
- ServerSocket/DatagramSocket close()
A bug existed in JDK1.0.2 where the
close() method of ServerSocket
and DatagramSocket were
synchronized. The result was that if one thread
were blocked indefinitely in DatagramSocket.receive() or ServerSocket.accept(),
another thread couldn't break the blocking thread out by calling close(). This
is fixed in JDK1.1 by making the close() methods unsynchronized.
There was a bug in JDK1.0.2 where the methods on URLConnection:
etc, did not work. These are fixed in JDK1.1.
Binding to local port/address:
- Socket, ServerSocket, DatagramSocket
These classes has overloaded constructors for binding to a specific
local address and port. This is useful and necessary for applications
like proxy servers that operate on multi-homed machines, and need
particular control over which network interfaces are used.
- The MulticastSocket class was moved from package sun.net into the core
API of java.net.
- JDK1.1 introduces a new class, HttpURLConnection which extends
URLConnection, and provides additional functionality specific to
- Ability to use all of the request methods with HTTP/1.1, like:
- Control over whether to follow HTTP redirects.
Last modified: Thu Dec 5 15:09:54 PST


text:
Abdelwahed R. Sayed* Pages 572 - 577 ( 6 )
Background: The chemistry of tetrazine has gained an increased attention in the last decades due to their applications materials science and coordination chemistry. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile imines to C60 is the standard method for annelating the pyrazoline ring to the fullerene sphere. The interest in the chemistry of hydrazonoyl halides is a consequence of the fact that they undergo a wide variety of reactions, which provide routes heterocyclic compounds.Results: A facile synthesis of polytetrazines based on bishydrazonoyl halides is described. Bis(pyrazolino fullerenes) were synthesized from the reaction of bishydrazonoyl halides with fullerene. Moreover, an efficient synthesis of new polypyrazoline-maleimide is reported. The synthetic methods involves 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of bisnitrilimines (generated in situ by the effect of the triethylamine on bishydrazonoyl halides) to give the final products. Structures of the newly synthesized products were elucidated via elemental analyses and spectral data (FT-IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR). Conclusion: Novel heterocycles of polytetrazines, bis(pyrazolinofullerenes) and Polypyrazoline-maleimide based on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction are reported.
Bishydrazonyl halides, 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition, polytetrazines, pyrazoles.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, KFU, Saudi Arabia and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef 62514


text:
Learn something new every day More Info... by email
A digital ear thermometer is a handheld device that measures an individual's body temperature via a short probe which is inserted into his ear canal. Advocates of the digital ear thermometer hold that the device is noninvasive, works quickly, is hygienic, and is safer to use than mercury thermometers. Many health experts question the value of the digital ear thermometer, however, arguing that it is difficult to properly place and thus prone to false readings, and that it is not safe for use in infants. Additionally, digital ear thermometers tend to be more expensive than the more accurate digital oral thermometers.
Usually, a digital ear thermometer consists of a tube-shaped, plastic body which is held in the fist and a short probe which protrudes from the top of the body. Once this probe has been inserted into the ear, a "trigger" on the thermometer's body is pressed. After a period of a few seconds to a minute, depending on the thermometer model, a digital screen on the body displays a temperature reading.
Advocates of the digital ear thermometer hold that the device has several advantages. First of all, it is less invasive than rectal and oral thermometers, potentially making a child more likely to cooperate when his temperature must be taken. Secondly, the fastest models can provide a temperature reading in a matter of seconds. Additionally, many models can be fitted with disposable plastic probe covers, adding a hygienic element to these devices. Further, digital ear thermometers lack the safety hazards of glass thermometers, which, when broken, can leak mercury.
Many health experts question the value of the digital ear thermometer, however. First of all, these experts argue, it can be difficult to properly position an ear thermometer within the ear canal. Improper positioning as well as the presence of excessive wax in the ear can cause an ear thermometer to provide a false reading, which can in turn lead a caregiver to underor over-estimate the severity of an individual's fever. Additionally, the size of most digital ear thermometers' probes can potentially cause injury to infants' ears.
Furthermore, most digital ear thermometer models tend to be slightly or even significantly more expensive than digital oral thermometers. While this difference in cost may lead some consumers to assume that digital ear thermometers are superior to digital oral ones, many health experts advise that oral thermometers are actually more accurate. In addition, a large proportion of health experts argue that taking the temperature rectally provides the truest reading, especially in infants.


text:
Ladda ner som PDF
In the Oracle Database 12c: Performance Management and Tuning course, learn about the performance analysis and tuning tasks expected of a DBA: proactive management through built-in performance analysis features and tools, diagnosis and tuning of the Oracle Database instance components, and diagnosis and tuning of SQL-related performance issues.
- Use the Oracle tuning methodology.
- Use Oracle-supplied tools for monitoring and diagnosing SQL and instance performance issues.
- Use database advisors to proactively correct performance problems.
- Identify and tune problem SQL statements.
- Monitor instance performance by using Enterprise Manager.
- Tune instance components.
Benefits To You:
The DBA will analyze the SQL performance with available tools. The DBA will be introduced to various methods of identifying the SQL statements that require tuning and the diagnostic tools used to find ways to improve performance. This will include the use of statistics, profiles to influence the optimizer, and using the SQL Advisors.
Maintain SQL Performance:
A major task of DBAs is to maintain SQL performance across changes. This course introduces Database Replay and SQL Performance Analyzer which help the DBA test and minimize the impact of change.
Influence Instance Behavior:
Instance tuning uses the same general method of observing a problem, diagnosing the problem, and implementing a solution. The instance tuning lessons cover the details of major tunable components and describe how you can influence the instance behavior. For each lesson, we will examine the relevant components of the architecture. The course only discusses the architecture to the level required to understand the symptoms and solutions. More detailed explanations are left to other courses, reference material, and the Oracle documentation.
At the end of this course you will be able to:
- Diagnose and tune common Instance related performance problems
- Use Enterprise Manager performance-related pages to monitor an Oracle database
- Use the Oracle Database tuning methodology
- Utilize database advisors to proactively tune an Oracle Database Instance
- Use the tools based on the Automatic Workload Repository to tune the database
- Diagnose and tune common SQL related performance problems
- Course Objectives
- Course Organization
- Course Agenda
- Topics Not Included in the Course
- Who Tunes?
- What Does the DBA Tune?
- How to Tune
- Tuning Methodology
Basic Tuning Diagnostics
- Performance Tuning Diagnostics, Features, and Tools
- DB Time
- CPU and Wait Time Tuning Dimensions
- Time Model
- Dynamic Performance Views
- Wait Events
- Log Files and Trace Files
Using Automatic Workload Repository
- Automatic Workload Repository Overview
- Automatic Workload Repository Data
- Enterprise Manager Cloud Control and AWR
- Compare Periods
Defining the Scope of Performance Issues
- Defining the Problem and Limiting the Scope
- Setting the Priority
- Top SQL Reports
- Common Tuning Problems
- Tuning During the Life Cycle
- ADDM Tuning Session
- Performance Tuning Resource
- Monitoring and Tuning Tools Overview
Using Metrics and Alerts
- Metrics and Alerts Overview... Läs mer
Utbildningen levereras i samarbete med


text:
InfoPath 2013 Training
In this Microsoft InfoPath 2013 training class, you will learn how to use InfoPath to gather and share information by creating and implementing XML-based forms.
This course is targeted for persons with web design experience, form administrators, information coordinators, and Microsoft Office system power users who need to gather, reuse, distribute, and collaborate using XML-based forms.
Public Classes: Delivered live online via WebEx and guaranteed to run. Join from anywhere!
Private Classes: Delivered at your offices, or any other location of your choice.
- Learn to create InfoPath forms.
- Learn to import and export forms.
- Learn to customize a form layout.
- Understand how to manage views.
- Learn to apply security to forms.
- Learn to distribute forms.
- Learn to manage controls.
- Understand how to work with a database.
- Creating InfoPath Forms
- Explore the InfoPath 2013 Interface
- Draft a Form
- Add Data Validation Rules
- Test a Form
- Importing and Exporting Forms
- Import Form Data Using InfoPath Designer
- Export Form Data to Excel Using InfoPath Filler
- Export Form Data to the Web Using InfoPath Filler
- Customizing Form Layouts
- Customize Tables
- Format a Form
- Insert Graphical Objects
- Create Sections
- Merge Forms
- Managing Views
- Create Custom Views
- Assign User Roles to a View
- Applying Security to Forms
- Protect InfoPath Forms
- Restrict Access to a Form
- Set Security Zones
- Distributing Forms
- Publish a Form
- Publish a Form to Email Recipients
- Troubleshoot Publishing Problems
- Managing Controls
- Describe Data Source Concepts
- Customize Controls
- Bind Controls
- Working with a Database
- Develop a Form from a Database
- Use InfoPath Forms to Add Records to a Database
- Use InfoPath Forms to Query a Database
- Populate Form Controls from a Database
Each student in our Live Online and our Onsite classes receives a comprehensive set of materials, including course notes and all the class examples.
Experience in the following is required for this Microsoft Office class:
- Familiarity with using a personal computer, mouse, and keyboard.
- Comfortable in the Windows environment.
- Ability to launch and close programs; navigate to information stored on the computer; and manage files and folders.
Experience in the following would be useful for this Microsoft Office class:
- Proficiency in Microsoft Office products concentrating in forms development and experience working in a tagged environment.
Courses that can help you meet these prerequisites:


text:
Your zucchini plant looks healthy. It is covered in lovely blossoms. Then one morning you walk out to your garden to find all those blossoms lying on the ground. The stem is still intact and it looks as though someone took a pair scissors and cut the blossoms right off the stem. Is there a crazy marauder cutting your zucchini blossoms off? No, not at all. This is perfectly normal. There is nothing wrong with your zucchini plant.
Why Do Zucchini Blossoms Fall Off the Plant?
There are two reasons why zucchini blossoms fall off the plant.
Male Zucchini Blossoms
This is the most common reason for zucchini flowers falling off the plant: zucchini plants have male and female flowers. Only female zucchini blossoms can produce zucchini squash. Once male zucchini blossoms have opened to release their pollen, they simply fall off the plant. Many times, a zucchini plant will produce only male blossoms when first in bloom to ensure that pollen will be available when the female blossoms open. The male blossoms will all fall off, making it seem as though the zucchini plant is losing all of its flowers. Don't worry, female blossoms will open soon and you will get zucchini squash.
Zucchini blossoms will also fall off the plant if the pollination between the male and female blossoms is poor. Basically, the plant will abort the female blossoms if they are not pollinated well enough. Poor pollination can happen due to a lack of pollinators, like bees or butterflies, high humidity that causes the pollen to clump, rainy weather, or a lack of male blossoms.
While zucchini blossoms falling off the plant may look alarming, it is perfectly natural and is not an indicator of any problems with the plant itself.


Australian WWI fiction
 Press/Media: Expert Comment
 Invited guest on Radio National's The Bookshelf on Friday 9 November to discuss war poetry and fiction.
 World War I and literary representations of war, including a reading of a poem by my mother, Dorothy Hewett, and another poem written by me that is published in an anthology of war poetry.
 Period9 Nov 2018
 Media contributions
 Media contributions
 - TitleAustralian WWI fiction
 Degree of recognitionNational
 Media name/outletRadio National, The Bookshelf
 Media typeRadio
 Duration/Length/Size30 mins+
 DescriptionAustralian writers and poets began writing about the First World War in 1914, and have never stopped. Historian Christina Spittel (ADFA/ UNSW) is tracking that century of fiction, noting the ways in which the story and emphasis has changed. She joined Kate Evans and poet and memoirist Rozanna Lilley to discuss those shifts in memory and the imagination.
 Rozanna Lilley's maternal grandfather fought in the First World War and her mother, the writer Dorothy Hewett, wrote a poem in 1960 that reflected on both his death and his war experience. The poem is called 'The Burial', and Rozanna read it for us.
 Poetry that responds to that war is still being written, and Lilley herself contributed to a very recent collection, To End All Wars (Puncher and Wattman), and read that piece for us.
 Producer/AuthorAustralian Broadcasting Corporation
 PersonsKate Evans, Rozanna Lilley


I sometimes need to email a list of directions that I need to be available offline. So, emailing a link to Google Maps directions doesn't work. I want to email all of the directions.
I've tried just copying the page and emailing with Gmail but the markup is fouled up and unreadable (in IE10 and Chrome).
 - 1
 How about copying the "Print" view? Hit the "print" button to get a simplified view and copy that (rather than actually printing). – ale Jul 23 '13 at 15:33
 - 3
 Or printing them to PDF and emailing the PDF file. – Alex Jul 23 '13 at 15:48
First press the Print button, and then either:
 1. Print the contents of the window to a PDF file (using a tool such as doPDF), or
 2. Save the contents of the window using your browser's equivalent of
 "Save Page As" ==> "Web Archive" / "Web Page, complete".
 If the archive consists of multiple files then optionally zip them together into a single file for convenience.
 3. Mail the PDF or the web archive file(s)