text:
Data from the Meteosat satellite 36,000 km from Earth, has been used to measure the temperature of lava at the Nyiragongo lava lake in the Democratic Republic of Congo. An international team compared data from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat with data collected at the lava lake with thermal cameras. Researchers say the technique could be used to help monitor volcanoes in remote places all over the world, and may help with the difficult task of anticipating eruptions.
Data from the Meteosat satellite has been used to measure the temperature of lava at a remote volcano in Africa.
The scientists compared data from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat with ground data from a thermal camera, to show the temperature of the lava lake at Nyiragongo, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The technique was pioneered in Europe, and the researchers say it could be used to help monitor volcanoes in remote places all over the world.
"I first used the technique during a lava fountain at Mt Etna in August 2011," says Dr. Gaetana Ganci, who worked on the study with colleagues Letizia Spampinato, Sonia Calvari and Ciro Del Negro from the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) in Italy.
"The first time I saw both signals I was really surprised. We found a very similar radiant heat flux curve — that's the measurement of heat energy being given out — from the ground-based thermal camera placed a few kilometres from Etna and from SEVIRI at 36,000km above the Earth."
Transferring the technique to Nyiragongo was important — partly because the exposed lava lake can yield data important for modelling shallow volcanic systems in general, but more importantly because advance warning of eruptions is necessary for the rapidly expanding city of Goma nearby.
The research, published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth is the first time in which Nyiragongo's lake has been studied using ground-based thermal images in addition to satellite data to monitor the volcano's radiative power record.
Dr. Ganci and her colleagues developed an algorithm they call HOTSAT to detect thermal anomalies in the Earth's surface temperature linked to volcanoes. They calculate the amount of heat energy being given out in a target area based on analysis of SEVIRI images.
Combining the frequent SEVIRI images with the more detailed but less frequent images from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), they showed that temperature anomalies could be observed from space before an eruption is underway. They believe that space-based observations can be a significant help in the difficult task of predicting volcanic eruptions, but that providing advance warning will never be easy.
"Satellite data are a precious means to improve the understanding of volcanic processes. There are cases of thermal anomalies being observed in volcanic areas just before an eruption," says Ganci. "Combining different kinds of data from the ground and from space would be the optimal condition — including infra-red, radar interferometry, seismic measurements etc. But even in well-monitored volcanoes like Mt. Etna, predicting eruptions is not a trivial thing."
The team developed HOTSAT with a view to making an automatic system for monitoring volcanic activity. They are now developing a new version of HOTSAT. This should allow the processing of all the volcanic areas that can be monitored by SEVIRI in near-real time.Continuing ground-based observations will be needed for validation.
"For remote volcanoes, such as Nyiragongo, providing reliability to satellite data analysis is even more important than in Europe. Thanks to ground-based measurements made by Pedro Hernández, David Calvo, Nemesio Pérez (ITER, INVOLCAN Spain), Dario Tedesco (University of Naples, Italy) and Mathieu Yalire (Goma Volcanological Observatory), we could make a step in this direction," says Ganci.
"This study shows the range of science that can be done with Meteosat," says Dr. Marianne Koenig, EUMETSAT's atmospheric and imagery applications manager for the Meteosat Second Generation satellites, "And opens up the possibility of monitoring isolated volcanoes."
Note : The above story is based on materials provided by European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT).


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Desert Termite Facts
Desert Termite Behavior
What desert termites do best is what termites do naturally in the wild. They break down dead plant material into usable soil nutrients that replenish depleted soil. Additionally, desert termite nesting habits can improve soil and increase water retention. Overall, desert termites benefit desert ecosystems and are considered a keystone species in the Chihuahuan Desert.
Differences between Subterranean Termites and Desert Termites
Distinguishing between desert termites and the destructive subterranean termite species might sound challenging but is actually easier than you might think. For best results contact a pest control professional, such as Truly Nolen to schedule a free inspection.
Desert termite alates measure from 1/2 to 5/8 inches in length, whereas subterranean termites alates are less than a 1/2-inch long. Desert termite alates' wings and bodies are light brown but subterranean termites have black bodies and transparent wings with veins. Desert termites swarm at sunset after a summer rain but subterranean termites swarm during the day after a rain shower from January to April.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The training laboratory stand is intended to study the change in chemical/physical water properties by its filtration through the filtering medium at secondary specialized colleges and higher education establishments.
The stand is designed as a mounted installation of water filtration system.
System elements are installed on the profile aluminum rack (mobile mounting platform).
The mobile platform accommodates the following main equipment:
- Centrifugal pump;
- Supply tank with free-flow aeration system;
- Discharge tank with overflow valve;
- Filtration system with valves and flow meters;
- Pipeline fittings;
- Box with pneumatic control valves;
- Microprocessor control and measuring system.
Microprocessor-based control and measuring system has a modular design combining autonomous units.
Microprocessor-based control and measuring system allows to record the actual water and temperature flow before and after treatment and to control the operation of pneumatic control valves of free-flow aeration system in manual and -automatic mood.
For measuring the actual water flow is used a flow meter with impulse output. To measure the temperature are used digital temperature sensors.
Microprocessor system includes the following set of units:
- input unit;
- power supply unit;
- flow rate measuring unit;
- control unit;
- temperature measuring unit.
The stand accommodates by a set of guides and technical documentation for the teaching personnel.


text:
Polarization-assisted stimulated Brillouin scattering-based optical signal processing
Abstract: Microwave photonics (MWP) processing provides numerous advantages over electrical domain techniques, such as broad bandwidth, long reach and immunity against electro-magnetic interference. An important application of MWP is the transmission of RF signals over long distances using optical fibers, or radio-over-fiber (RoF). Many RoF systems are based on the multiplexing of densely packed subcarrier tones. The monitoring of such transmission requires optical spectrum analyzers (OSAs) with high resolution, on the order of MHz. The required resolution is two orders of magnitude higher than that of standard equipment. In this work, I demonstrate and employ an OSA with 10 MHz resolution, that is based on the nonlinear optical propagation phenomenon of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) amplification in standard optical fibers. The vector attributes of SBS amplification considerably improve the dynamic range of the spectral measurements.
Many RoF applications also involve RF filtering. Many implementations of MWP filters were proposed in the literature, however the realization of sharp, tunable MWP filters remains challenging. Herein I present a significant enhancement of MWP filters that are based on the polarization attributes of SBS. The method is employed in the realization of sharp, highly-flexible MWP bandpass filters with a single passband, and tunable central transmission frequency, bandwidth and shape. The proposed selective filtering and analysis can be very instrumental in all-optical signal processing in MWP systems.
* The research presented in the seminar was carried out towards the M.Sc. degree, with the supervision of Dr. Avi Zadok


text:
How many meaningful words can be formed with second, sixth, tenth and fourteenth letters in the given series?
DMore than two
As per me, answer is D. Please explain why its wrong
Ans 5: (Master Answer)
The correct answer is C.
We can make only two meaningful words using all the four letters- N, O, E and D, i.e; DONE and NODE.


text:
BACKGROUND: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly seen on in brain imaging and are associated with stroke and cognitive decline. Therefore, they may provide a relevant intermediate outcome in clinical trials. WMH can be measured as a volume or visually on the Fazekas scale. We investigated predictors of WMH progression and design of efficient studies using WMH volume and Fazekas score as an intermediate outcome. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 264 patients with mild ischaemic stroke and measured WMH volume, Fazekas score, age and cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and 1 year. We modelled predictors of WMH burden at 1 year and used the results in sample size calculations for hypothetical randomised controlled trials with different analysis plans and lengths of follow-up. RESULTS: Follow-up WMH volume was predicted by baseline WMH: a 0.73-ml (95% CI 0.65-0.80, p <0.0001) increase per 1-ml baseline volume increment, and a 2.93-ml increase (95% CI 1.76-4.10, p <0.0001) per point on the Fazekas scale. Using a mean difference of 1 ml in WMH volume between treatment groups, 80% power and 5% alpha, adjusting for all predictors and 2-year follow-up produced the smallest sample size (n = 642). Other study designs produced samples sizes from 2054 to 21,270. Sample size calculations using Fazekas score as an outcome with the same power and alpha, as well as an OR corresponding to a 1-ml difference, were sensitive to assumptions and ranged from 2504 to 18,886. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline WMH volume and Fazekas score predicted follow-up WMH volume. Study size was smallest using volumes and longer-term follow-up, but this must be balanced against resources required to measure volumes versus Fazekas scores, bias due to dropout and scanner drift. Samples sizes based on Fazekas scores may be best estimated with simulation studies.
We thank the staff of the Brain Research Imaging Centre (_URL_ and Neuroimaging Sciences (_URL_ University of Edinburgh, but mostly all the participants and relatives who took part in the study.
This work was funded by the Wellcome Trust (grant 088134/Z/09/A), Row Fogo Charitable Trust, Age UK, Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office of Scotland for the Scottish Imaging Network: A Platform for Scientific Excellence ("SINAPSE") and the Brain Research Imaging Centre.
- White matter hyperintensities
- Sample size calculation
- Study design


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Lack of sufficient physical memory can significantly hamper the performance of Linux desktop and server environments. When your desktop is sluggish, one of the first things to do is to free up RAMs. Memory usage is even more critical in multi-user shared hosting or mission-critical server environments, where different users or application threads constantly compete for more memory.
When it comes to monitoring any type of system resources such as memory or CPUs, visualization is an effective means to help understand quickly how they are consumed by different processes and users. In this tutorial, I describe how to visualize memory usage in Linux environment using a command-line tool called smem.
Physical Memory Usage: RSS vs. PSS vs. USS
In the presence of virtual memory abstraction, accurately quantifying physical memory usage of a process is actually not straightforward. The virtual memory size of a process is not meaningful because it does not tell how much of it is actually allocated physical memory.
Resident set size (RSS), reported by top command, is one popular metric which captures what portion of a process' reported memory is residing in RAM. However, aggregating RSS of existing processes can easily overestimate the overall physical memory usage of the Linux system because the same physical memory page can be shared by different processes. Proportional set size (PSS) is a more accurate measurement of effective memory usage of Linux processes since PSS properly discounts the memory page shared by more than one process. Unique set size (USS) of a process is a subset of the process' PSS, which is not shared by any other processes.
Install Smem on Linux
The command-line tool smem can generate a variety of reports related to memory PSS/USS usage by pulling information from /proc. It comes with built-in graphical chart generation capabilities, so one can easily visualize overall memory consumption status.
Install Smem on Debian or Ubuntu
Install Smem on Linux Mint
Install Smem on Fedora or CentOS/RHEL
On CentOS/RHEL, you need to enable EPEL repository first.
Check Memory Usage with Smem
When you run smem as a unprivileged user, it will report physical memory usage of every process launched by the current user, in an increasing order of PSS.
If you want to check the overall system memory usage for all users, run smem as the root.
To view per-user memory usage:
smem allows you to filter memory usage results based on mapping, processes or users in the following format:
- -M
- -P
- -U
For a complete usage of smem, refer to its man page.
Visualize Memory Usage with Smem
Visualized reports are often easier to read to identify the memory hogs of your system quickly. smem supports two kinds of graphical reports for memory usage visualization: bar and pie graphs.
Here are examples of memory usage visualization.
The following command will generate a bar graph that visualizes the PSS/USS memory usage of a user alice.
The next command will plot a pie graph of the overall PSS memory usage of different processes.
As a summary, smem is a simple and effective memory analysis tool that comes in handy in various circumstances. Using its formatted output, you can run smem to identify any memory issues and take an action in an automatic fashion. If you know of any good memory monitoring tool, share it in the comment.
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How to calculate the weighted average in Excel
Posted on: 03/13/2017
How to calculate the weighted average in Excel
Need to calculate the weighted average for work or school? There are two ways to do it but the easiest is to use the sumproduct function in Excel. It is easy to calculate the average. Just use the average function in MS Excel which will show you the calculated "central" value of a set of numbers.
What do you do when some values have more weight than others? An example would be if we shipped 140 units of Product A that cost $5 each, and 10 units of product B that cost $125 each. The average cost is $130 / 2 = $65, but the weighted average cost is $13. Who uses the weighted average? A lot of teachers and professors use a weighted average for their classes. Some assignments are not weighed as much as a test, and some tests aren't weighted as much as the final exam.
Weighted average
Sumproduct Function
With the sumproduct function, you are multiplying all the grades times their respective weight and totaling them, then dividing by the total weight to get the weighted average. So the image on the left would be =B4*C4, B5*C5, B6*C6, etc…Total those numbers and divide by the total of the weight.
The Microsoft Excel SUMPRODUCT function multiplies the corresponding items in the arrays and returns the sum of the results.The SUMPRODUCT function is a built-in function in Excel that is categorized as a Math/Trig Function. It can be used as a worksheet function (WS) in Excel. As a worksheet function, the SUMPRODUCT function can be entered as part of a formula in a cell of a worksheet.
Video for weighted average
Excel file for weighted average
Feel free to download the weighted average Excel file chris_menard_weighted_average
Microsoft Office Sumproduct webpage
Chris Menard


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Pig Trap Interlocking
Safety interlocks are an essential feature in the design of pig traps. SFC interlocks can be specified to ensure the minimum safety arrangement of interlocking the vessel vent valve with the pig trap closure. This arrangement ensures the vessel vent valve is open before any attempt can be made to open the closure. With interlocks fitted to both the vent valve and pig trap closure, a key is released when the vent valve is opened. Removing the key from the vent valve locks the valve in the open position. This key is coded in common with the closure lock and only by opening and locking the vent valve, can the operator use the correct key to proceed to unlock and open the closure.


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Paper and paper board
In most areas where forest covers exceed the area devoted for agriculture, the forest resources obtained play a major role in the export market. This is especially true in case of Portugal which is located in the south western part of the European continent where the forest resources comprise about 10% of the exports. One of the foremost products obtained from the Portuguese forests are paper and paperboard. The forest cover in Portugal occupies about 38% of the total land area and a major part is comprised of timber and eucalyptus cultivations which are the primary raw materials for the paper and paperboard industries. Paperboard is usually thicker than paper and is used in the form of huge boxes or cartons which are necessary as packages and also in order to carry heavy weights around. In Portugal, paper and paperboard are among the foremost forest resources which are exported and various industries and mills have been set up in order to season the products before making it available for export. In the recent past, huge tracts of forest area have been lost in Portugal due to forest fires which adversely affected the production of paperboard as domestic production failed to meet the demands.
Statistics reveal that since 1997 the paper and paperboard industry had shown an upward rise in the production graph. In the years that followed production was slackened due to improper forest management and natural hazards. However, since 2003, the production level has increased again and between 2003 and 2004, there has been recorded a total 4% increase in sales. This is due to the expansion of the export market. Along with the countries of the European Union which constituted its primary exports like France, Germany and Spain, at present the Middle East, Asia, America and Oceania too have engaged in importing Portuguese paperboards as well which has positively boosted the market.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Psychology Wiki
34,191pages on
this wiki
Paramedicalization means the trend of people setting more and more value on alternative medicine and different beliefs about wealth and health, which are not authorized by the medical science.
The process has gone on alongside with medicalization.
Traditional or alternative medicines (especially the spiritualistic therapies) reach to ever greater scale of human activities - even to the time beyond birth and death. In that sense medicalization has much stricter borders.
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text:
Unlike the other phases, only the first player acts in the Mythos Phase (check the first sentence about the Mythos phase in the rulebook page 9)
In your example you'd have 10 turns each before the GOO (Great Old One) awakens. Some caveats:
- 10 is just a sample number, various GOO's have between 7 and 14 tokens allowed.
- Not all Mythos cards open a gate (Rumors for example).
- There may already be a gate there (no Doom token is placed).
- Gates can open via other circumstances (these also generate a Doom token).
You can never be quite sure how many turns you have left. That's one of the great things about Arkham Horror.
The terror track is completely different. The main way that it advances is due to having too many monsters in the outskirts. It is pretty rare to fill the terror track, but you will see a building or two close fairly often.
For two players, you are allowed 6 monsters in the outskirts; if there are any more, then dump them and increment the terror track. (Note that 8 less the number of players is always the maximum number of monsters allowed in the outskirts.)


Linux process Management MCQs – Solved
By: Prof. Fazal Rehman Shamil
Last modified on April 22nd, 2021
Let us see the very important Linux process management Mcqs.
1. How programs act when the execution in background attempts to read from STDIN?
A. STDIN is made available to it
B. Its execution is suspended
C. It is terminated
D. None of these
Answer: B
2. Which of the following command use to background process to foreground?
B. background
D. bg
Answer: C.
3. How Process synchronization of programs is done in Linux process management?
A. input
B. output memory
C. operating system
D. none of these
Answer: C
4. which of the following is a Friendly user interface provided by the operating system?
A. Device user interface
B. graphical user interface
C. batch interface
D. none of these
Answer: B
5. A signal is a software mechanism that tells a
A. User
B. Processor
C. Program
D. Process
Answer: D.
6. How to run a process in the background of Linux process management?
A. &
B.?
C. *
D. |
Answer: A.
7. Process information in the current shell can be obtained by using
A. gf
B. bg
C. gb
D. ps
Answer: D
8. Linux process or task is represented by a
A. task struct
B. task build
C. task construct
D. none of these
Answer: D.
9. A command which is used to set terminal IO characteristic is called?
C. stty
Answer: C.
10.The defult maximum number of process in Linux exist called?
Answer: C
11.Return value of fork () can be represented as?
A. -1,>0,0
B. 0,<0,-1
C. -1,<0
D.none of these
Answer: A
12. The maximum time slice that can be given to a process in Linux is
D. none of these
Answer: C.
13.what is the output of the following program?
A.'leaf child' will be printed as 4 times
B.'leaf child' will be printed as 2 time
C.'leaf child will' will be printed as 5 times
D.none of these
Answer: A.
14. Linux new process can be created by copying?
D.none of these
Answer: B.
15. Which process is used to create by parent process in Linux?
A. child
B. zombie process
C. orphan process
D. none of these
Answer: A.
Next Operating System MCQs
Computer Science Repeated MCQs Book Download
Prof. Fazal Rehman Shamil


text:
This guide explains how to create a domain redirect in cPanel. cPanel Redirect is a feature in the cPanel hosting control panel that allows you to redirect website visitors from one URL to another URL. This feature is particularly useful if you've changed the domain name of your website, or if you want to redirect visitors from one page to another.
To create a domain redirect in cPanel, you can follow these steps:
- Log in to your cPanel account.
- Click on the "Redirects" icon under the "Domains" section.
- Choose the type of redirect you want to create – either a temporary (302) or permanent (301) redirect.
- Select the domain name you want to redirect from the drop-down menu.
- In the "redirects to" field, enter the URL of the page you want to redirect to.
- Choose whether you want to redirect with or without "www" by selecting the appropriate option.
- Select "Wildcard Redirect" if you want to redirect all subdomains as well.
- Click on the "Add" button to save your redirect.
- You will receive a success message.
That is it! Your domain redirect should now be set up and working. Feel free to contact our eukhost support staff at your earliest.


Importance of Communication with Patients In a Healthcare Setting
This word achieve harangue the concern of communicating efficiently in a vigortrouble elucidation. It is grandly relevant that physicians and all medical staff imbisect after a conjuncture endurings. Message is how medical staff, physicians and endurings ascertain out living instruction. The medical staff learns instruction environing the enduring and the deduce for the investigate. The physician learns further environing the enduring through chat and haranguees the deduce for the investigate. The enduring learns instruction environing the ends that are going on after a conjuncture him or her and how to go environing solving the ends. This can be considered a stamp of ongoing fetter reaction. Everyone should imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture one another owing after a conjunctureout comely message, we do not fashion any recognition. Healthtrouble facilities can use proficiency in the messages area. There are ways to appliance efficient message expertnesss. Message is a key rudiment in the vigortrouble scope. Clinical or medical staff and physicians should imbisect further efficiently after a conjuncture endurings. Having impecunious message expertnesss can origin solemn ends among vigor trouble staff and collectrs. "Poor message expertnesss after a conjuncturein a vigor trouble elucidation can effect in misintelligence and mediocre decisions that could adversely desire a enduring's vigor and welfare" (Ponte 2011). Impecunious Message [Communication demand is a grand aider in clinical outcomes. A material bisect of instruction end comes from message among vigor trouble workers. Message errors were endow to be the deep origin of hospital deaths. Message infrastructure influences message bearing after a conjuncturein organizations. Interruptive message is one of the indirect bearings observed in impecunious message (Parker & Coiera 2000). Impecunious message can be peevish into a unconditional bearing by adopting steps to imbisect further efficiently. Poor messages can desire a enduring's vigor and welfare. Impecunious message can so guide to collectr and enduring traitorship. Having potent message expertnesss is a must for new practitioners. Written language are a rise of impecunious message. Getting aid from mentors environing how to be a amieffectual communicator would be a grand fancy (Ponte 2011). Keeping a enduring from comely frustrated after a conjuncture a physician or a medical staff rudiment can be handled comelyly if everyone imparts efficiently after a conjuncture one another. When explaining things to a enduring, it is best to construct secure the enduring easily implys anything. There are appended steps one can procure to aid a enduring imply and that could be as undesigning as giving out a tractate or word environing the end(s) or flush giving the enduring printed out documents that the enduring can interpret. Also, harangueing any questions and concerns the enduring may possess can be a stamp of efficient message. Patient amends can go a crave way and if the enduring is content then the chances of that enduring returning is lofty. Message Concern [The word from http://www. apa. org tells why it is so relevant for endurings to imbisect after a conjuncture physicians. Sometimes endurings confide tail from interrogation questions. Also, some reach intimidated so for-this-reason they don't unquestionably chat after a conjuncture the physician. Sharing instruction is an relevant rudiment of vigor trouble. Research indicates that efficient message is tied to unconditional medical outcomes (Weir 2012). Some endurings may be a trivial shy to chat after a conjuncture the physician environing vigor concerns. If comely message expertnesss are used then the physician may be effectual to imbisect after a conjuncture the enduring to get him or her to unreserved up and chat environing the vigor problems. Gaining the appreciation of faith can aid construct a enduring reach further commodious. In arrange to indicate what may be going on after a conjuncture your matter you demand to be effectual to imbisect after a conjuncture the physician. The word from the Journal of the American Medical Association tells how some endurings cognizance ends after a conjuncture physicians not heeding owing they are frequently too occupied. Effective message after a conjuncture endurings can procure opportunity, but it so requires that physicians procure the opportunity to heed closely to each enduring. Some medical trains and residency programs don't collect ample teaching environing efficient message expertnesss. However, medical teaching on ward and residency levels requires material efforts to correct message expertnesss conjuncture in train. Flush though counsel and technology has spent balance the spent few decades the best medical trouble consists of recognition in counsel and message expertnesss (Levinson & Pizzo 2011). Not barely is message relevant, heeding is relevant as polite. One must earliest heed in arrange to imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture a enduring environing any ends or concerns. "But the heart expertness of amieffectual message is heeding" (Handzo 2012). Some physicians do construct you reach relish they are rushing you to permission the station and some act relish they are in a speed for star further relevant. No one lacks to go to a doctor's station or a hospital to entertain trouble and reach relish they were proportioned there for rush. Making a enduring reach relevant and respected should be a initiative. Listening and Intelligence [Communication is key, but casually easier said than done. Using language that endurings imply is a big dispense. You lack to construct secure to use language a enduring can imply so that they in-fact do easily imply what you are maxim. Listening is a heart expertness for amieffectual message, but amieffectual heeding is environing having a amieffectual implying. Patients lack to be heeded to and most of all respected (Handzo 2012). Patients are further relishly to imply their vigor problems if they can imply their doctors. A physician's similarity after a conjuncture each enduring is built on efficient message (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D'Alonzo 2005). Verbal and nonverbal message are twain essential in vigor trouble. A physician who can efficiently imbisect bad tidings after a conjuncture a enduring in a benevolent form achieve be effectual to correct and confirm their enduring-physician similarity. It is relevant for a physician to be effectual to imbisect twain unconditional and indirect tidings after a conjuncture a enduring (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D'Alonzo 2005). Disposal [In disposal, message is very relevant. Listening is so relevant owing you must heed in arrange to impart. In vigorcare, message plays a material role. Everyone, including medical staff, physicians and endurings must imbisect efficiently after a conjuncture one another. Poor message can imagine errors and misintelligence. Having a amieffectual implying environing your vigor is relevant. If a enduring does not easily imply star, there are ways to aid them imply such giving the enduring a word that covers further instruction environing the end(s) he or she is having. Efficient message can go a crave way in the vigortrouble scope.


text:
When you run Perfmon.exe with the Active Directory Diagnostics template to generate a report on a Windows Server 2008-based domain controller, the process may stop responding.
This issue occurs because the Reliability and Performance Monitor (Perfmon.exe) console that is running the TraceRpt.exe tool consumes too much memory and CPU resources during the report generation process. If the Windows Server 2008-based server is really busy and lacks resources, the report generation process will stop responding.
To resolve this issue, copy your files to a different computer that has same server role and that has enough hardware resources. Then, run TraceRpt.exe with the files. To do this, follow these steps:
In the Reliability and Performance Monitor (Perfmon.exe) console, click Data Collector Sets, and then click System.
Right-click Active Directory Diagnostics, and then click Start. The file collection process starts on the Windows Server 2008-based domain controller.
After the report status changes to generating report from collecting data for , copy the files to the second Windows Server 2008-based domain controller.
Note You can find the files at the following location:
Windows Server 2008 Standard, Windows Server 2008 Enterprise, Windows Server 2008 Datacenter, Windows Server 2008 Standard without Hyper-V, Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems, Windows Server 2008 Enterprise without Hyper-V, Windows Server 2008 Datacenter without Hyper-V


Grease gun (tool)
A grease gun is a common workshop and garage tool used for lubrication. The purpose of the grease gun is to apply lubricant through an aperture to a specific point, usually from a grease cartridge to a grease fitting or 'nipple'. The channels behind the grease nipple lead to where the lubrication is needed. The aperture may be of a type that fits closely with a receiving aperture on any number of mechanical devices. The close fitting of the apertures ensures that lubricant is applied only where needed. There are four types of grease gun:
 1. Hand-powered, where the grease is forced from the aperture by back-pressure built up by hand-cranking the trigger mechanism of the gun, which applies pressure to a spring mechanism behind the lubricant, thus forcing grease through the aperture.
 2. Hand-powered, where there is no trigger mechanism, and the grease is forced through the aperture by the back-pressure built up by pushing on the butt of the grease gun, which slides a piston through the body of the tool, pumping grease out of the aperture.
 3. Air-powered (pneumatic), where compressed air is directed to the gun by hoses, the air pressure serving to force the grease through the aperture. Russell Gray, inventor of the air-powered grease gun, founded Graco based on this invention.[citation needed]
 4. Electric, where an electric motor drives a high pressure grease pump. These are often battery-powered for portability.
A grease gun (pneumatic)
The grease gun is charged or loaded with any of the various types of lubricants, but usually a thicker heavier type of grease is used.
It was a close resemblance to contemporary hand-powered grease guns that gave the nickname to the World War II-era M3 submachine gun.[1]
Caution when using grease gunEdit
 - Keep your face away from the discharge port to avoid spraying. Some undesirable things such as machine dust and chemicals may spew out if you stay close to the tool
 - Read the instructions carefully and perform maintenance regularly
 - Always wear protective equipment (protective gear, shoes,...) when installing and disassembling
 - Do a daily check
 - Use strictly according to specification
 - Stop using when you feel it is dangerous or unusual
 - Prevent water and dust from entering the machine as these impurities may affect the grease quality
 - Oil in the machine may be spilled, so please operate with care[2]
See alsoEdit
 1. ^ Ingram, Mike (2001). The MP40 Submachine Gun. Zenith Imprint. p. 85. ISBN _PHONE_.
 2. ^ "Everything about Grease gun". Daniel Duong. Retrieved Sep 20, 2019.


text:
Confira o resumo do livro Transportation, Traffic Safety And Health – Preven – Holst, Hans Von – ISBN: _PHONE_ e veja onde comprar em loja online.
The focus of this book is to present some of the latest aspects in the area of mobility and its relation to planning of an optimal traffic safety. The book demonstrates the necessity of integrating knowledge from various disciplines in order to achieve a suited prevention program to reduce traffic injuries. It thus cuts the barriers between the different disciplines in their joint aim to reduce traffic injuries. Scientists, clinicians and administrators from various disciplines present different methods and results such as economic issues of developing and industrialized countries, responsibility and accountability of governments, an overview of the World Bank's experience in road safety and the role of communication together with future integration of knowledge. The book gives a broad and deep overview of the strategies that have to be adopted to avoid the rapid increase in road traffic injuries.
Autor: Transtation, Traffic Safety And Health Preven Holst, Hans Von


text:
About this book
A gripping narrative history of the British soldier during the 150 year period, from the Restoration to the downfall of Napoleon in 1815. 'Filled with swashbuckling derring-do, the reek of blood and gunpowder, combined with shrewd analysis of power, war and psychology' Simon Sebag Montefiore
From the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 to the Downfall of Napoleon in 1815, Britain won a series of major wars against France that enabled her to lay the foundations of a global empire. This title tells the history of the British Redcoat from the English Civil War to Waterloo.


text:
A car of mass 1.5 tonnes pass over a bridge formed the arc of a circle of radius 20m.
a) Find the force exerted by the car on the road at the top of the bridge if the car is travelling at 10m/s.
b) What speed would cause the car to be on the point of lifting up off the bridge at its highest point
What I've done:
F = mv^2 / r
F = 1500 * 10^2 / 20
F = 7500 N
---- Don't know if this is anything (the answer in the book is 7200N)
tan(t) = v^2/rg
tan(t) = 10^2/20*9.8
tan(t) = 0.510
(t) = tan^-1(0.510)
(t) = 27.02 deg
Force of car on road = mg sin (t)
= 1500*9.8sin (27.02)
= 6678.23 N
However as I said previously the answer is 7200 N.
b) No idea really... not sure of the formula to use
The answer for b) is 14m/s.


text:
The Natural Resources Program Area addresses water quality and natural resource conservation on agricultural lands, the appropriate use of pesticides, labeling and sale of fertilizer, field burning in the Willamette Valley, and oyster plat leasing. Through outreach efforts, compliance, monitoring, and coordination with other natural resource agencies, the programs help landowners meet society goals in a manner that makes both economic and environmental sense. In addition, maintaining high quality agricultural land in production is an important long-term strategy for Oregon. The Land Use Program provides technical assistance to farmers as well as local, regional, and state governments on land use proposals.
Programs and services


text:
Ever have that Oh Sh!t – Stomach Churning – Career Ending moment where you accidently deleted something you shouldn't?
Why is Delete right beside Rename!
Because even Admins make mistakes, it is a best practice to protect every critical object in AD from accidental deleting something. How you ask?
You could do it one of two ways. First the slow (manual) way. Simply select the properties of any critical AD object (Computer, Group, Organizational Unit, User, etc). Then select the Object tab and check the "Protect object from accidental deletion" box.
If you are anything like me, you did this for a handful of objects and thought "this is dumb… how can I automated this?" Pretty easily it turns out. Which brings us to method number 2 – the PowerShell way.
Get-QADObject -searchroot 'DC=Test,DC=local' -type 'group' -SizeLimit 0|
Add-QADPermission -Deny -Account 'EVERYONE' -Right 'Delete,DeleteTree' -ApplyTo ThisObjectOnly
As a note, this script makes use of the Quest AD cmdlets for PowerShell. It will recursively go through your -SearchRoot parameter (in this case, the entire domain) and prevent users from deleting the object.


text:
Skip to Main Content
This paper presents a comprehensive time-domain model of the coupling capacitor voltage transformer (CCVT) to investigate the effect of CCVT subsidence transients on the distance relay. The studies show that voltage-zero subsidence transients can adversely impact the performance of the distance relay and result in the overreach problem. This paper also introduces a new approach to mitigate the effect of CCVT voltage-zero subsidence transients on the distance relay. The method is based on improving the degree of accuracy of the voltage phasor estimation during the CCVT subsidence transients. The proposed method is not affected by harmonics and high-frequency transient distortions of the voltage, and prevents the relay overreach problem even under high source impedance ratio (SIR). Moreover, the proposed method noticeably decreases the close-in fault clearance time under low SIR conditions, based on a fast current phasor estimation approach. The reported studies are conducted in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment.
Date of Publication: April 2012


text:
Thousands of tons of heavy fuel remain in the bow and stern sections of the Prestige, the oil tanker that split in half off the northwestern coast of Spain on November 19, 2002. It sank to the seabed, more than 3,500 meters deep in the Atlantic Ocean some 200 kilometers from Galicia. Tons of toxic fuel have oozed from 20 cracks in the hulls as semisolid black strings, like toothpaste being squeezed from a tube, and have drifted toward the sea surface. It has become Spain's worst ecological disaster ever, halting coastal fishing and polluting beaches. The ship has already spilled at least 30,000 tons of oil, and researchers aren't sure when the seepage will stop.
At first, scientists thought that the fuel would freeze: oil remains fluid to six degrees Celsius, and the deep water around the wreck is at 2.75 degrees C. Experts guess that the Prestige left port from Ventspils, Latvia, in the Baltic Sea with 77,000 tons at 50 degrees C. But no one knows what the oil temperature is now. According to Malcolm L. Spaulding, professor of ocean engineering at the University of Rhode Island, the calculations of the cooling time for the oil in the bow and the stern, which lie 2.5 kilometers apart on the seafloor, have proved extraordinarily difficult. In principle, the fuel in contact with the external walls of the hulls should cool faster than that in the center of the tank. The time it takes for all the oil to cool down depends on the amount and rate of mixing, a critical factor "that complicates heat transfer from the oil to the tank walls and finally to the seawater," Spaulding explains. If the oil mixed together well, the entire cargo should have cooled off and frozen in 40 days. That did not happen, Spaulding remarks, probably because the mixing is substantially reduced. He now anticipates "cooling times of many months to several years."


text:
Poison Prevention for Older Adults
Originally broadcast June 7, 2007
Gail Banach, MS, IDDE, MS, Ed, BA
Director of Education
Upstate New York Poison Center
Norma A. Barton, BS, CSPI
Certified Specialist in Poison Information
Ruth Lawrence Poison & Drug Info Center
Adults over 60 represented 16% of fatalities reported to poison centers in 2005.
People age 65 and older make up 12% of the population but account for 34 % of all prescription medication use and 30% of all over the counter medication use. Approximately 60% of older adults take their prescriptions improperly and 140,000 die each year as a result.
- Increase utilization of Poison Centers by older adults, those care for older adults, or provide services to older adults
- Decrease in the number, cost and severity of poisonings in NYS
- To increase awareness of Poison Centers as a resource for older adults in a poison emergency or for poison prevention information.
- To increase awareness of risk factors for unintentional poisonings.
- To identify specific practices related to the safe use of prescription and over the counter medications including medication management techniques.
- To increase knowledge and practice of poison prevention strategies among
older adults who care for young children.


text:
Definition of spondylosis in English:
A painful condition of the spine resulting from the degeneration of the intervertebral disks.
- Cervical spondylosis is a common condition that results from degeneration of the bones (cervical vertebrae) and cartilage of the neck.
- This degenerative process involving the cervical spine also is known as cervical spondylosis.
- Cervical spondylosis is a very common condition that usually occurs in the second half of life.
Early 20th century: from Greek spondulos'vertebra' + -osis.
Definition of spondylosis in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed.


Glossary: V
vallecular canal vallecular canal
The tubular vessels sometimes surrounding the central cavity in some horsetails (Equisetum species).
valvate valvate
An arrangement of the flower in which the petals or sepals meet at their edges without overlapping.
With well-defined vessels (that conduct water and other materials around a plant).
Associated with roots, stems, or leaves, not the flowers or fruits; produced without sexual fertilization.
vein vein
A vessel that conducts nutrients, sugars, and other substances throughout plant tissues; usually associated with leaves.
veinlet veinlet
A small vein.
velum velum
A thin layer of tissue that partially or wholly covers the sporangia in the base of a quillwort (Isoetes) leaf.
venation venation
The pattern of veins as seen on the surface of a leaf.
ventral ventral
Pertaining to or located on the front or inner part of a structure.
vernation vernation
The orientation of leaves or petals in bud.
verrucose verrucose
Poorly developed due to reduction during evolution.
villous villous
With long, soft, bent hairs.
An herbaceous climbing or trailing plant that does not support its own weight.
viscidium viscidium
The gland to which the pollinia are attached in orchids.


text:
Centrum Kids Chewable Tablets
Providing essential micronutrients, Centrum® is backed by 40 years of nutritional science to bring you the most complete multivitamin.
- Iron contributes to the normal cognitive development of children
- Vitamin D is essential for the growth, development of bones and normal function of the immune system in children
- Supports the general wellbeing of children
Centrum kids chewable tablets are designed for busy active children. Children's brains and bodies are always growing and developing and these great tasting chewable tablets are designed to help them on their way.They contain 16 key nutrients including vitamin D which is key for the normal development of young healthy bones.


Monday the 13th of July -Have a Wonderful Day Pioneers!
This is an introduction to different teeth types in animals
And this next one is mainly humans:
And this is a fun one about types of teeth:
Take a look at your own teeth to identify the differences.
Do you have any missing?
Happy Learning.
Experiment with counting in 10's and recognising what each number looks like.
Make the number using the 10 sticks.
Write the number and find it on the 100 square
Repeat this in a different order.
Give your Pioneer the 10 sticks image and ask them to write the number and find it
That's Maths Magic
Thursday is the last day of term and we always have a Teddy Bear's Picnic.
Encourage your Pioneer to do some writing for the picnic.
Begin with an invitation to the toys that will be joining them.
On the photographs you will see suggested vocabulary that fits with the phonics they have experience of.
Happy Planning.


text:
Mackerel, Atlantic (Saba) – U.S. and Canada, Purse Seine
Atlantic Mackerel are fast swimmers found throughout the Atlantic Ocean that mature within 3 years.
In U.S. and Canadian waters, the current abundance of Atlantic Mackerel is uncertain. Mackerel play an important role in the ecosystem, providing food for a variety of larger fish, such as sharks, bluefin tuna, and marine mammals.
In the U.S. most Atlantic Mackerel are caught with midwater trawls, but there is a small purse seine fishery, which is well-managed. In Canada, purse seines are the primary method of catching Atlantic Mackerel. Purse seines do not impact bottom habitats and have low bycatch.


text:
I'm not sure this is an answer, but it got too long to be a comment! The projectivity of $G/B$ seems to me to follow from two facts: a) a homogeneous space $G/H$ is always a quasi-projective variety (which is due to Chevalley), and b) the variety $G/B$ must be complete.
The first fact clearly has nothing to do with Borel subgroups but it would be maybe interesting to ask about how many proofs we have of it. The idea of the construction is clear: find a representation of $G$ which contains a line $L$ which has $H$ as its stabilizer and then take the orbit of $L$ in $\mathbb P(V)$, but to see that you get a categorical quotient this way takes some more care: you need to use some infinitesimal properties, (which you can tidily say using the Lie algebra of course).
The second fact perhaps depends on what you're willing to assume, but it must come down to the Borel fixed point theorem in some form or other, since this tells you that if $G/H$ is complete, then any solvable subgroup will be contained in a conjugate of $H$, thus Borel subgroups are the only solvable subgroups with a chance of having an associated homogeneous space which is complete.
The argument from Humphreys' book uses the strategy of picking first a maximal solvable subgroup of largest dimension so as to show the orbit has to be closed (essentially because the stabilizer is largest so the orbit has smallest, but even then you use the Borel fixed point and the theorem for $GL_n$ if I remember correctly). I don't know how Onishchik and Vinberg get around this (if they do). Then, as the question says, you get the general result from the Borel fixed point theorem.
The proof for $GL_n$ shows that $G/B$ is projective if you take $B$ to be the subgroup of upper triangular matrices, but one still needs to show that this subgroup is a Borel, which again I only know how to do using the Borel fixed point theorem in some form. (And of course you can use the same strategy for other classical groups if you can eyeball a candidate Borel subgroup).
Given that, it's maybe worth pointing out that in all of this you can get away with a weak version of the Borel fixed point theorem: namely if $V$ is a representation of a solvable group $H$, and $X$ is an $H$-stable closed subvariety of $\mathbb P(V)$ then $X$ has an $H$-fixed point. This can be shown just using the Lie-Kolchin theorem (that is, that a representation of a solvable group contains a one-dimensional subrepresentation), which can be proved directly. Since the standard proof of the general Borel fixed point requires you to use something like Zariski's main theorem, this is maybe a noticeable saving.
All of this leads me to wonde how many proofs do we know for i) the fact that for any closed subgroup $H$ the homogeneous space $G/H$ has to be quasi-projective and ii) the Borel fixed point theorem (or some variant)?


Under construction
The Coliseum was the largest building in Metru Nui, serving as its primary sporting arena, power station, and seat of government. It sat in the center of the city at the meeting point of the six Metru. It was home to Turaga Dume during his administration.[1]
The Coliseum was the tallest building in all of Metru Nui. It dominated the skyline and was home to Turaga Dume. For as long as anyone could remember, the sight of the Coliseum brought a felling of safety and security to Matoran.[2]
The Coliseum was located in the center of Metru Nui, where all six metru met. In the Coliseum were located the Coliseum Storage Room, the Main Power Source, and Turaga Dume's Chamber/Throne Room.[3]
Turaga Dume's chamber in the Coliseum contained technology that could slow the high-speed speech of Vahki enough to be understood, translating the Vahki's ultrasonic signals into speech.[4, 5]
The Coliseum was the tallest structure in Metru Nui, higher even than the Great Furnace, which towered well over a thousand feet in the air.[6]
The Coliseum was the largest, most imposing structure in Metru Nui. It was the center of power in the city in more ways than one. It sat at the meeting point of the six metru boundaries. It was believed to have been the very first building constructed in Metru Nui. It could be seen from any point in the city and had always been a symbol to Matoran of stability and security.[7]
The Coliseum served many roles: sports arena, main power source, storage, Turaga Dume's seat of government.[7]
The Coliseum contained a sports arena and hosted the citywide Akilini tournaments, which were held four times a year. To make the game more challenging, the players surfed on disks over a constantly undulating floor and flew through retractable chutes positioned overhead. It was extremely fast-paced and dangerous. The winning team's disks were sent to Ta-Metru to be made into Kanohi masks. The arena was also used for Vahki training exercises.[7]
The Coliseum also housed the city's one power plant. Energy was generated by the flow of liquid protodermis through the plant on its way to other parts of the city. The plant provided power for things like protodermis vat conveyors and chute controls. It did not provide heat to the city; this was done using pipes filled with molten protodermis that ran underground and warmed the buildings above.[7]
Prior to the construction of the Great Temple, the Coliseum storage room was used to hold Kanohi Masks of Power. Since then, it continued to be used to hold items of critical importance to the city. Rotating squads of Vahki Rorzakh from Onu-Metru and Vahki Zadakh from Po-Metru provided security.[7]
Turaga Dume's box was a special section in the Coliseum reserved for the Turaga and commanded a view of the entire arena. From here, Dume could control the massive telescreens mounted all over the city as well as in the Coliseum. The box was equipped with levitation and increase weight Kanoka disks that allowed it to be raised and lowered at the Turaga's will.[7]
Turaga Dume's throne room was a chamber connected to Dume's box in the arena. Before story year 2004, it had been used for private meetings with the Turaga on issues of importance to the city. In recent months, Dume was far too busy for such appointments, and no one was allowed to visit his private chamber other than Vahki guards.[7]
Events were held at the Coliseum. Tournament matches for akilini were played on the constantly shifting and undulating field of the Coliseum, with hoops mounted along the top of the arena. A special set of chutes was lowered over the top of the Coliseum, which players were allowed to use in maneuvers.[8]
On Naming Days, ceremonies were held in the Coliseum to honor the achievements of select Matoran.[8]
Tours of the Coliseum were scheduled once a week. As of mid-story year 2004, the storage areas and Turaga Dume's chambers were no longer included on the tour. Also, the akilini field was to be closed temporarily while workers repaired damage done by the Toa Metru.[8]
Visitors could reach the Coliseum with a short chute ride. The Coliseum was the site of the great akilini tournament, presided over by Turaga Dume himself.[8]
Turaga Dume had a chamber atop the Coliseum.[9]
The entrance to the Coliseum was a massive door. The Coliseum towered over the city of Metru Nui. It stood at the junction of all six metru, so tall it looked as if it touched the sky. The Coliseum was large enough to accommodate every Matoran in Metru Nui and served as both an athletic arena and the power station for the entire city. Turaga Dume's chambers were also found in this imposing building. One side of the arena was dominated by a massive statue of Toa Lhikan, the other by Dume's box. The arena floor undulated during Matoran Kanoka disk [akilini] games. When not moving, the floor settled into a natural bowl shape. Matoran could control the Coliseum floor from the Coliseum's control box, where they operated levers and switches. A giant screen overlooked the field which could show Dume's face. The floor could shift and undulate, forming waves of solid protodermis. It could also cause silver columns to erupt randomly from the floor. The center of the field could become a metallic whirlpool that could suck people in.[10]
Turaga Dume's private chamber was a vast chamber with numerous lightstone lanterns. There was a great throne resting on its polished floor. When Makuta impersonated Dume, there was a hidden room which could be accessed through a secret door in the rear wall. No one but him had ever been back here. Sunlight poured into the room from either side to strike a pair of huge sundials. The instruments were made of great circular plates inscribed with a language that was ancient when Metru Nui was new, and posts of a dark stone that cast eerie shadows. The plates rotated with a rhythmic clicking, bringing the shadows from the sundial posts closer and closer with each second. In the darkest corner of the room was a mirror obscured by the shadows that reflected Makuta's true face, particularly his red eyes, when he impersonated Turaga Dume. There was a perch for Nivawk in the sundial chamber. A Kanohi Mask of Power symbolizing the Great Spirit Mata Nui hung on the wall. When the shadows of the twin suns began to partially overlap on the sundial, this indicated the approach of the cataclysm.[10]
Turaga Dume could broadcast his face and voice on the huge screen in the Coliseum, which looked down on the Matoran audience. The Coliseum had energy pylons. The Matoran spheres were put in a storage hold far beneath the Coliseum. Using controls, one could cause Dume's box to ascend.[10]
During the Visorak invasion of Metru Nui, Kahgarak guarded the Coliseum.[11]
The Visorak turned the Metru Nui Coliseum into a fortress. Beneath it, hundreds of Matoran lay trapped waiting to be rescued. In addition to many traps, the Toa Hordika also had to face the giant Visorak guardian of the gate.[12]
The central arena of the Coliseum was used for citywide Akilini tournaments and Vahki training exercises. Beneath it were storage areas. Farther down was a power station which used the flow of liquid protodermis to generate energy for the city.[1]
There was a place in the Coliseum that no one had ever seen from which one could fake the signal that would launch the Toa Mata's canisters.[13]
Turaga Vakama stayed in a chamber in the Coliseum during Destiny War. Past his chamber was a flight of stairs that led to a secure room. Here were kept weapons, memorials to the Toa Mangai, and the Kanohi Vahi. It was one of the safest spots in the city. It was guarded by a half dozen heavily armed Ta-Matoran.[14]
The Coliseum was the tallest building in Metru Nui. It was the site of the city's government chambers, a sports arena, and a large power station. Lower levels of the Coliseum were used for storage and as cells for captured Dark Hunters and other lawbreakers. The Coliseum sat at the point where all six metru met. It was said that it belonged to everyone in the city.[15]


text:
Wind down and loosen up
What's the difference between "wind down" and "loosen up"?
Dictionary says: wind down - to rest or relax after a period of activity or excitement, and, loosen up - to relax and stop worrying.
So, for example, if you're nervous about something at work, or before an exam, you must "loosen up", and if you have been working hard, mm, digging ground, or playing football, and you want to relax, you should "wind down"?
Wind down isn't related to "nervous", when "loosen up" like a.. "calm down"?
And what is the past form of loosen up, loosened up?
Thanks in advance
Lets see the difference if any:
Wind down:Become quiet or calm, especially after a state of agitation.
Wind loose:Become less tense, less formal, or less restrained, and assume a friendlier manner.
I think they are different.
Search Engine Optimization by vBSEO


text:
Since 1976, CGI has helped more than 2,000 government clients in 15 countries improve citizen service and increase efficiency through successful digital transformation programs, including:
- Digital government – transforming citizen interactions while improving operational excellence and reducing costs
- Smart cities and regions – creating more livable, prosperous, sustainable and safer communities
- Smart defense – helping military organizations leverage current investments while taking advantage of new ideas and proven technologies
Our public sector expertise is focused on defense and intelligence, health and human services, public safety and justice, tax, revenue and collections and space programs. Governments also partner with us to protect their sensitive data, deliver new insights through data analytics, and transform programs and back-office operations using digital technologies such as cloud computing, mobility and the Internet of Things in revolutionary ways.


Reciprocity law
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the reciprocity law in photography, see Reciprocity (photography).
In mathematics, a reciprocity law is a generalization of the law of quadratic reciprocity.
There are several different ways to express reciprocity laws. The early reciprocity laws found in the 19th century were usually expressed in terms of a power residue symbol (p/q) generalizing the quadratic reciprocity symbol, that describes when a prime number is an nth power residue modulo another prime, and gave a relation between (p/q) and (q/p). Hilbert reformulated the reciprocity laws as saying that a product over p of Hilbert norm residue symbols (a,b/p), taking values in roots of unity, is equal to 1. Artin reformulated the reciprocity laws as a statement that the Artin symbol from ideals (or ideles) to elements of a Galois group is trivial on a certain subgroup. Several more recent generalizations express reciprocity laws using cohomology of groups or representations of adelic groups or algebraic K-groups, and their relationship with the original quadratic reciprocity law can be hard to see.
Quadratic reciprocity[edit]
Main article: quadratic reciprocity
In terms of the Legendre symbol, the law of quadratic reciprocity for positive odd primes states
Cubic reciprocity[edit]
Main article: cubic reciprocity
The law of cubic reciprocity for Eisenstein integers states that if α and β are primary (primes congruent to 2 mod 3) then
Quartic reciprocity[edit]
Main article: quartic reciprocity
In terms of the quartic residue symbol, the law of quartic reciprocity for Gaussian integers states that if π and θ are primary (congruent to 1 mod (1+i)3) Gaussian primes then
Octic reciprocity[edit]
Main article: Octic reciprocity
Eisenstein reciprocity[edit]
Suppose that ζ is an th root of unity for some odd prime. The power character is the power of ζ such that
for any prime ideal of Z[ζ]. It is extended to other ideals by multiplicativity. The Eisenstein reciprocity law states that
for a any rational integer coprime to and α any element of Z[ζ] that is coprime to a and and congruent to a rational integer modulo (1–ζ)2.
Kummer reciprocity[edit]
Suppose that ζ is an lth root of unity for some odd regular prime l. Since l is regular, we can extend the symbol {} to ideals in a unique way such that
where n is some integer prime to l such that pn is principal.
The Kummer reciprocity law states that
for p and q any distinct prime ideals of Z[ζ] other than (1–ζ).
Hilbert reciprocity[edit]
Main article: Hilbert symbol
In terms of the Hilbert symbol, Hilbert's reciprocity law for an algebraic number field states that
where the product is over all finite and infinite places. Over the rational numbers this is equivalent to the law of quadratic reciprocity. To see this take a and b to be distinct odd primes. Then Hilbert's law becomes But (p,q)p is equal to the Legendre symbol, (p,q) is 1 if one of p and q is positive and –1 otherwise, and (p,q)2 is (–1)(p–1)(q–1)/4. So for p and q positive odd primes Hilbert's law is the law of quadratic reciprocity.
Artin reciprocity[edit]
Main article: Artin reciprocity law
In the language of ideles, the Artin reciprocity law for a finite extension L/K states that the Artin map from the idele class group CK to the abelianization Gal(L/K)ab of the Galois group vanishes on NL/K(CL), and induces an isomorphism
Although it is not immediately obvious, the Artin reciprocity law easily implies all the previously discovered reciprocity laws, by applying it to suitable extensions L/K. For example, in the special case when K contains the nth roots of unity and L=K[a1/n] is a Kummer extension of K, the fact that the Artin map vanishes on NL/K(CL) implies Hilbert's reciprocity law for the Hilbert symbol.
Local reciprocity[edit]
Hasse introduced a local analogue of the Artin reciprocity law, called the local reciprocity law. One form of it states that for a finite abelian extension of L/K of local fields, the Artin map is an isomorphism from onto the Galois group.
Explicit reciprocity laws[edit]
In order to get a classical style reciprocity law from the Hilbert reciprocity law Π(a,b)p=1, one needs to know the values of (a,b)p for p dividing n. Explicit formulas for this are sometimes called explicit reciprocity laws.
Power reciprocity laws[edit]
Main article: Power reciprocity law
A power reciprocity law may be formulated as an analogue of the law of quadratic reciprocity in terms of the Hilbert symbols as[1]
Rational reciprocity laws[edit]
A rational reciprocity law is one stated in terms of rational integers without the use of roots of unity.
Scholz's reciprocity law[edit]
Shimura reciprocity[edit]
Weil reciprocity law[edit]
Main article: Weil reciprocity law
Langlands reciprocity[edit]
The Langlands program includes several conjectures for general reductive algebraic groups, which for the special of the group GL1 imply the Artin reciprocity law.
Yamamoto's reciprocity law[edit]
Yamamoto's reciprocity law is a reciprocity law related to class numbers of quadratic number fields.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Neukirch (1999) p.415


text:
David, Jonathan, Churchill, and Roosevelt
I've been taking "Historical Methods and Research" this semester. The whole class basically centers around this big paper we each have to write. Each week, we review two students' rough drafts. Each of us gives a formal review of two other students' papers. Doing my paper is what has kept me from writing anything fresh for a while. I'm done with my paper now, so not only can I write a few fresh things, but I can also engage in my bow-making obsession.
Today, we reviewed a guy who wrote his paper on how Winston Churchill agressively courted the friendship of Franklin Roosevelt. There was something in his paper that reminded me of the friendship between David and Jonathan. There's a lot of people who think the relationship between David and Jonathan was homosexual. One proof text that always comes up is when David said to Jonathan, "Your love for me was wonderful, more wonderful than that of women."
In the paper we read today, the guy quoted Churchill who said, "No lover ever studied every whim of his mistress as I did those of President Roosevelt." I wonder if, 3000 years from now, some people will begin to argue that the relationship between Churchill and Roosevelt was also homosexual.


text:
De Maillet was a French diplomat and traveller, whose posthumous work Telliamed (his name spelled backwards) was published in 1748. A cosmogony, covering the creation and pre-history of the Earth, it argued that all rocks and all forms of life had their origin in a diminishing ocean. He considered the Earth to be more than 2 billion years old. De Maillet's belief in mermaids and mermen made his book an object of easy ridicule by later naturalists.
Subjects: Earth Sciences and Geography.


Texas Off-Grid Laws: A Comprehensive Guide
Finding out whether it's legal to take your home off-grid or to build an off-grid property is a complicated business. With cities and counties enforcing different areas of federal legislation and adopting different versions of building codes, it can be hard to know where you stand.
Off-grid living is legal in the majority of Texas. Rainwater harvesting and solar panels are encouraged, and the state allows sewage disposal systems such as compost toilets. However, some cities' building codes require homes to be connected to utilities, including electricity, water, and sewerage.
Texas has adopted several laws and regulations that support an off-grid lifestyle, but it's still vital that you know the full details of those that affect you and your property.
Can you disconnect from electric utilities in Texas?
Disconnecting from the electricity grid and installing an alternative power supply is legal in Texas's most rural areas. Solar and wind power are encouraged, but some building codes require homes to remain tied to the grid.
The Texas House Bill 362 was introduced to prevent homeowners associations (HOA) and property owners associations (POA) from restricting solar panel installation. If you live in an area with either an HOA or a POA, you should follow standard procedures and submit any home alteration plans for approval. However, while this protects you if you want to install solar, it doesn't give you any rights to disconnect completely from the grid.
To determine if you can leave the electricity grid in your area, you should refer to the building codes adopted by your county or city authority. Most cities adopt existing sets of building codes. The most common set of building codes found in many US cities is the International Property Maintenance Code. Some keep the codes as they are, and others adopt them in part and make their own amendments. As a result, you may find different rules from one city to the next.
However, the building codes in most large Texas cities require you to submit plans before beginning any alterations. In many cases, while city authorities approve of solar panels, they don't make allowances for disconnecting entirely from the grid.
For example, in Houston, the code states: "In each habitable space, connect the space to an approved electrical service." However, in some, such as San Antonio, there are specific mentions: "A stand-alone system that is not connected to the grid that is over or at 50-volts over 1,200 watts requires electrical permits."
You may also like to read: Is it legal to disconnect your home from the electricity grid?
Are there any restrictions on waste systems?
The power to regulate sewerage facilities is in the local authorities' hands, so the specific approach depends on where you live. However, across Texas, septic systems, composting toilets, and outhouses are often permitted in certain situations. The critical part is that any sewage arrangements are subject to approval from the relevant city or county authorities.
The IPMC 2015, which is the most commonly adopted set of model building codes, states that: "Plumbing fixtures shall be properly connected to either a public sewer system or to an approved private sewage disposal system." This gives the possibility that in some areas, alternative systems will be considered.
In Houston, they specifically approve of septic systems: "In each non-vacant dwelling unit and congregate living facility, provide and maintain in good operating condition a toilet located in a room affording privacy to the user and connected to a water source and to a public sanitary sewer system, where service is available, or to an approved septic system where public sanitary sewer service is not available."
Recently, in Austin, there have been cases of certain types of composting toilet being approved. However, they're not permitted if the property is within 100 feet of an existing sewer line. This is a common theme throughout urban areas in Texas; off-grid waste systems are only available if there are no other options. In rural areas, you're likely to be free of these restrictions because there are unlikely to be existing sewerage systems.
Check out: The complete guide to off-grid wastewater management.
Is it legal to collect rainwater?
Collecting rainwater is actively encouraged throughout Texas. House Bill 3391 outlines provisions to support property owners, builders, or developers to include rainwater collection systems in new homes. The rainwater collected must be filtered and meet safety standards, but it can be the only supply of water. Some property tax exemptions are on offer for such properties, and rainwater harvesting supplies are exempt from state sales tax when you fill in this form.
Because every property is subject to laws, restrictions, and guidelines from numerous organizations, Texas property code 202.007 stops homeowner's associations from having the power to prevent rainwater collection systems. However, if you use rain as your primary water source, it must be stored, filtered, and piped into your home to provide hot and cold running water.
Houston building codes specifically require "pipes to supply potable water at adequate pressure […] a device to supply hot water at a minimum temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit […] sources of cold and hot water for each bathtub, shower, and lavatory […] In each kitchen, provide and maintain connections to sources of cold and hot water for a sink."
Related reading: How to get an off-grid water supply without a well.
Are there any laws that prevent you from digging a well on your property?
Drawing water from a well on your property in Texas falls under 'the law of capture.' This implies that you own any water found under your property. Also, you have the right to pump, use, and/or sell as much as you like, as long as you don't breach any of the exceptions.
Licensed drillers must dig wells, and some city and county authorities require site inspections to be conducted first before they grant permits. All licensed drillers submit drill reports giving details of the dig. Past reports are available to the public and can indicate if other wells are in your area and how deep they needed to be.
Although you can extract all the water you need from under your property, the process of drilling the well is likely to require permits and inspections. It's also worth bearing in mind that drilling a well depends on being able to get the equipment to the drill site. So if you only have a small yard with no rear access, it's unlikely to be approved.
While most requirements of an off-grid home are legal in Texas, they often require detailed planning, permits, and occasionally inspections. Additionally, the situation is always far more complicated within city limits. Homeowners associations, city authorities and building codes may set limits on what you can and can't do.
Despite these legal hoops to jump through, Texas's outlook on off-grid technology is progressive and continues to get better. Ultimately, if you want to go off-grid in Texas, do it outside of city limits where possible.
Related reading: The best places to live off-grid, ranked.
Nathan Allin
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Roadside infrastructure for safer European roads: Road scene analyses of ten accident sites [Wegontwerp voor een veiliger Europa: wegbeeldanalyses van 10 ongevalslocaties]
TNO Technische Menskunde
de Ridder, S.N.
Purpose: The road scene analyses presented here were conducted within Work-Package 1 of the EU-RISER project. Within this workpackage, Task 1.2 consisted of constructing a detailed-reconstruction-database. For that purpose TNO Automotive collected 10 new accidents and TNO Human Factors added a road-scene analysis to each accident to provide more in depth information specifically in relation to the interaction of the driver with the road design and roadside furniture. This database serves as a starting point to include Human Factors principles within the roam of roadside infrastructure design by means of developing guidelines and analysis procedures necessary to select, implement, and operate a safe, efficient and affordable roadside infrastructure in the EU. This report describes the road scene analyses performed by TNO Human Factors of the ten accidents. Method: Two experts visited all ten locations during daytime circumstances. If the accident had taken place during the dark hours of the day the site was also visited at night. For each of the ten accident sites, a video was made of the approach to the accident site to have a clear impression of the road the victim travelled prior to the accident. After an approach-video was made, the road scene analysts returned to the sight to take pictures. Both road scene analysts then filled in a road-scene analysis checklist, independent of each other. The checklist can be found in Appendix A. After filling in the checklist the site was visited once more. The same procedure was followed during dayand nighttime observations. After the on-site analysis as described above, both experts finalised their observations using the video and picture material off-site and discussed each-others conclusion to come to a clear final analysis of each case. Results: Each analysis of each accident site is reported as follows: 1 Short description and background of the accident 2 Description of the road scene 3 Road-scene analysis results. Conclusions: For five of the ten locations, the road-scene analysis did not reveal a specific reason based on the road layout why the crash with a tree or road side furniture had occurred. Two locations showed a mismatch of the road design and the road category and the speed limit posted. In both cases the road design invites the road user to drive faster than the local maximum speed limit. This is specifically the case for frequent users who know the road very well. For a third location the road design introduced a specific risk factor: machismo. The road has a multitude of curves that could be appealing to the frequent user with a racing mind. The road layout is congruent with the road category in this case but invites nevertheless to race. Two accidents occurred in a work zone. In this work zone the general principle that yellow markings go before white markings for the general public is reversed for work traffic. Work traffic is directed toward a work-traffic exit by yellow markings that are NOT to be used by the general public. In both cases it seemed that the double meaning of the yellow markings depending on the context was very confusing. For two situations the conclusion is that the road scene itself does not provide an explanation for why the driver left the road. In those cases worth mentioning is the shielding of the obstacles the driver encountered while running off the road. One is a situation with a bus lane that is being separated by a poorly visible barrier. This barrier can easily be passed on the wrong side by the road user. This means that the driver can enter the bus lane by accident very easily. If this is the case the design of the bus lane should take into account that drivers with, in general, higher speeds than the busses, accidentally enter the bus lane. In that case the design should be accordingly. Another situation reveals the hazard that is introduced when one shields specific obstacles locally but leaves space between the guardrails that consecutively shield them. When a driver is so unfortunate to leave the road between the two obstacles he/she can then get behind the guardrail of an obstacle and crash into it anyway.
Naar aanleiding van 10 ongevallen met wegkantmeubilair zijn 10 wegbeeldanalyses uitgevoerd op locaties binnen het EU-RISER project.
To reference this document use:
TNO, Soesterberg Soesterberg


text:
Martin De Biasio
Recycling materials prevents waste of potentially useful materials; however, manual sorting is labor intensive and can cause health problems. These limitations led to a demand for fully automated waste-sorting technologies based on machine-vision technologies that can sort tons of waste material every hour and operate for 24 hours a day.
However, there are certain materials that cannot be discriminated with sufficient accuracy using standard off-the-shelf vision components. To properly recycle glass, for example, different types of glasses must be individually sorted. If not, the different glass types each with a different melting point will result in an uncontrolled mixture that when melted will result in recovered glass that is prone to cracking during cooling.
Raman spectroscopy solution
In traditional machine-vision systems, glass materials may be sorted with visible-light camera systems or x-ray fluorescence systems. However, visible-light systems exhibit limited selectivity, and x-ray-based systems are expensive. These limitations can be overcome by using a classical nondestructive laboratory method known as Raman spectroscopy.
The Raman effect occurs when light interacts with the chemical structures in a material. If a material is illuminated with high-energy, monochromatic light—typically a laser light source—the incident light is scattered. Most of this light is elastically scattered by Rayleigh scattering, at the wavelength of the excitation light source, and does not provide any information about the material. However, a small part of the incident light interacts with the material and is inelastically scattered. This causes an energy difference called a Raman shift. The energy shift between the incident laser light and the inelastically scattered light is typically expressed in wavenumbers (cm-1) and is unique to the molecular composition of the material.
Until recently, Raman spectroscopy was considered unsuitable for most industrial imaging applications as it requires long measurement times and is sensitive to stray light. However, advances in camera and spectrometer technology now allow Raman signals to be acquired with high spatial and spectral resolution.
In cooperation with TOMRA Sorting Solutions, Carinthian Tech Research AG has developed a prototype of an industrial inspection system for sorting glass that is based on real-time Raman mapping spectroscopy. An OEM Raman spectrometer is used in combination with a Raman SuperHead fiber-optic probe that was integrated into a TOMRA Autosort scanner housing (see Fig. 1).
|FIGURE 1. In cooperation with TOMRA Sorting Solutions, Carinthian Tech Research AG has developed a prototype of an industrial inspection system based on real-time Raman mapping spectroscopy for sorting glass. A 532-nm laser is moved over the conveyor belt and the Raman spectrometer measures the Raman signal of fireproof and mineral glass samples.|
The spectrometer can measure Raman shifts between -230 cm-1 and 3300 cm-1 with a spectral resolution between 10 cm-1 to 15 cm-1. To enhance signal intensities, a 16-bit thermoelectrically cooled, back-thinned line array CCD sensor with 58 × 1024, 24 × 24-µm pixels is used in the spectrometer.
As glass samples have a high thermal destruct limit, a 532-nm laser with an output power of 2 W is used for the excitation of the glass. The SuperHead probe consists of a laser line filter that filters additional sidebands of the excitation laser, and a Rayleigh filter that blocks the Rayleigh scattered intensity in the Raman spectrum.
A custom lens with a diameter of 3 in. focuses the laser spot to a size of approximately 750 µm2 on the measurement samples at a distance of 250 mm. The front lens focuses the laser spot and collects the Raman scattered light from the measurement samples. A polygonal scanning mirror—i.e., a mirror with multiple facets—that rotates at a constant user-defined speed reflects the laser spot onto the different spatial positions on the conveyor belt and collects the Raman signal at these positions. A specially designed f-theta scanning lens is placed in the beam path after the scanning mirror. This optic ensures that the axis of the focused laser beam is perpendicular to the scanning plane.
To evaluate the system, mineral glasses and fireproof glasses approximately 1-2 cm in diameter were extracted from an industrial recycling process. Mineral glasses were divided into green glass, flint glass, and amber glass. Fireproof glasses were divided into peach glass, caramel glass, faint yellow glass, yellow glass, and honey glass (see Fig. 2).
|FIGURE 2. Mineral glasses and fireproof glasses approximately 1-2 cm in diameter were extracted from an industrial recycling process and used to evaluate the glass sorting system.|
The Raman system operates with a chemometric model, which is stored in the evaluation unit, to discriminate between glass types. Using the fingerprint in the Raman spectrum of the material, mineral glass and fireproof glass can be discriminated. Figure 3 shows typical Raman spectra of fireproof and mineral glass in the fingerprint range between 200 cm-1 and 1200 cm-1.
|FIGURE 3. Individual Raman spectra of glasses are compared with captured values to discriminate between glass types.|
In Fig. 3, there are three characteristic Raman peaks. These are used as features F1, F2, and F3 to discriminate between the glass types. Due to the low readout times for the measurement of the Raman spectrum of each measurement sample, there is spectral noise on the features.
Because of this, each spectrum is smoothed with a Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter and L1-normalized. As the peak position of the features F1, F2, and F3 are stable, the Raman system uses Fn = (I(A) + I(B))/2 - I(C) to calculate the local peak intensity, where I(A) and I(B) are intensities next to the maximum of the peak amplitude and I(C) is the maximum peak intensity of F1, F2, and F3. A linear classifier is then used to discriminate between glass types.
When deploying the system, the Raman spectrometer is interfaced to a PC via USB interface. The PC is also used to interface to a rotating mirror controller from Maxon Motor AG that scans the laser across the field of view of the conveyor. A graphical user interface (GUI) displayed on the PC shows the status of these devices (see Fig. 4). Once connected, the operator closes the aperture of the Raman SuperHead fiber-optic probe and takes a dark spectrum. The dark spectrum is stored in the evaluation unit to compensate for sensor noise and the influence of stray light. Once this is done, the operator opens the aperture, sets the conveyor belt speed and the integration time of the spectrometer, and starts the program.
|FIGURE 4. A graphical user interface (GUI) displayed on the PC shows the status of the spectrometer, the speed of the conveyor, and the status of the rotating motor.|
Depending on the conveyor belt speed, the laser beam is moved over the belt and measures the Raman signals of the glass samples with a minimal readout time of 8 msec. A feedback sensor that is connected to the motor controller provides information when a new facet of the polygonal scanning mirror is in position. The time between two pulses of the feedback sensor is then used to estimate the position on the conveyor belt at which the Raman signal is measured. This position is essential for the subsequent automated sorting process, which is performed with air nozzles that blow out the glass samples into the appropriate container.
To further analyze the measured data, the operator can save all the data to a hard disk. Therefore, he or she simply has to set the data file path and push the save button.
Currently, the Raman system is still in the prototype phase; before it can be applied to industrial glass recycling facilities, the speed of the system must be improved. State-of-the-art sorting systems working in the near-infrared (NIR) scan between 40 and 320 kHz—the Raman spectroscopy system currently operates at a maximum speed of 100 Hz.
Further research will include enhancing the output power of the laser, improving the optical design of the sensor, using larger optics to collect more of the Raman signal, and attaining readout times in the microsecond range. Once the speed of the system has been sufficiently improved, it will be applied to glass sorting in an industrial recycling facility.
Martin De Biasio, Dipl.-Ing., is with Carinthian Tech Research (CTR) AG (Villach, Austria; (_URL_).
Carinthian Tech Research AG
Maxon Motor AG
TOMRA Sorting Solutions
Vision Systems Articles Archives


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by Peter Muller
— Advocacy for Animals is pleased to present this article on an unusual population of white deer in upstate New York and the efforts of animal protectionists to encourage ecotourism around them. Peter Muller has had a longstanding interest in animal protection and was a founding member of Wildlife Watch, Inc., and the Coalition to Protect Canada Geese. He was also a cofounder of the League of Humane Voters, a political action committee that supports candidates who are committed to enacting and enforcing animal protective law. Mr. Muller has written numerous articles and given interviews on wildlife-related issues, and he is a frequent speaker at animal rights conferences.
In 1941 the U.S. Army peremptorily decided to locate an ammunitions depot in Seneca county, in western New York state. To establish such a depot, the army seized over 10,000 acres (4,000 hectares) of farmland near Seneca Falls by right of eminent domain. During World War II, the depot was used to store, maintain, and supply ammunition to army units around the world. The exact function of the depot since World War II has been subject to much speculation, most of which the army has neither confirmed nor denied. To this day, many a yarn has been spun locally regarding the goings-on of the army between Seneca and Cayuga Lakes during the period between 1945 and 2000, but none can be reliably verified.
Whatever was the true purpose for their base, this much is known with certainty: In 1941 the army enclosed the entire area with 24 miles (39 km) of 12-foot- (4-meter-) high fencing, unintentionally entrapping a small herd of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). continue reading…


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Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01.
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Presentation on theme: "Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01."— Presentation transcript:
1 Brain-Based Foreign Language Learning Merzlikina Kate 14A01
3 Mental Perception The meaningful brain The curious brain The emotional brain The social brain The conscious & subconscious brain
4 The meaningful brain Meaning is more important to the brain than information is. The brain searches for meaning through patterning. Patterning allows for the storage and connection of information into meaningful categories.
5 The curious brain The brain is attracted to novelty. It tends to become more active when exposed to new ideas and challenges.
6 The emotional brain Emotions and intelligence originate in separate places in the brain, however, their paths cross each other - they are inseparable. It can be enhanced by stimulus and challenge.
7 The social brain Our brain is social. Interaction and social status impact stress level. Language learning becomes more effective in a learner friendly setting where scaffolding, cooperative learning, and social interaction take place.
8 The conscious and subconscious brain Learning involves both conscious and subconscious processes. Learning not only takes place in the classroom but occurs in everyday life. Successful language learners extend their learning beyond the textbook and the classroom.
9 Mel Levine: Founder of All Kinds of Minds Institute … transform a verbal into a visual task, and a visual task into a kinesthetic one. Challenging the brain, not numbing it with overload, keeps the mind happily humming and is essential to teaching. A Mind at a Time (2002)
11 Engage the Emotional Brain Why do I have to learn Chinese? I have no choice, its the ONLY language offered here! Vs. I LOVE CHINESE! We wrote skits and they were soooo funny! My Chinese teacher taught us the coolest song in class!
12 Engage the Emotional Brain But thats not REAL learning! Real learning entails suffering! But I didnt learn that way!
13 Engaging the Meaningful Brain What is the purpose of learning a language? To know all the rules and never make a mistake To pronounce every tone perfectly To communicate and share your meaning Language teaching is the perfect place to practice engaging, brain-based learning
14 Music and Movement Listening to music creates state of relaxed alertness Music creates emotion in students Enjoy listening to music Conscious and Subconscious Brain
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The Right Hand or the Left?
A palmist should study both the palms of all clients, whether men or women, If the lines on both the palms are similar, there are not many ups and downs in a person's life. If the lines are different, the palmist should study the hand which is more active. A hand which is used most often by a person to write with is called the more active hand, A majority of persons are right-handed. In a person who uses his left hand more often, the lines of the left hand should be studied first and than the other hand.
Types of Hand
If the skin of the hand is flexible, a person is more likely to have a flexible character. But, if the skin is thick and hard, a person is not likely to change his views in a hurry. He is a person with firmness of character. If the skin is flexible and the hand is hard it is known as a Firm Hand. Such a person is given to thinking and also action. His views are both firm and flexible. If the skin is flexible and the hand soft, it is known as a Flabby Hand. Such a person has an active mind, but less of physical strength or vitality.
Colour of the Palm
Pink is an auspicious colour. People with a skin the colour of wheat have a similar tinge in their palms. That is also thought to be auspicious. A red palm indicates an angry disposition. If a palm is yellow in colour it is an indication of the possibility of the person falling a prey to jaundice. People with a white palm always think of their own interests,
Hand Image
(Fig. 2/1)
Hand Image
(Fig. 2/2)
Hand Image
(Fig. 2/3)
 - If a nail is long, AS well as broad, it is called a large nail. (See Fig- 2/1) Large nails are auspicious. People with such nails do not lose their balance of mind even under stress or shocks.
 - A person with long nails with small width is liable to fall prey to diseases of the throat.
 - If a nail is of normal width, but less than average in length, it is called a small nail. (See Fig. 2/3) Such persons are devoid of tolerance. They are susceptible to stress and tension.
Let Us Now, in Brief, Talk About the Other Characteristics of the Palm
People with a broad palm tend to look at the practical aspect of things. Physically they are more active. A person with a long palm is, usually, a planner by nature.
People with a small hand have a tendency to look at things in a superficial manner and are wont i.e. overlook the details. They do everything in a hurry. Similar is the case with people with small fingers. The latter are also quick workers.
Conversely, people with a large hand do things in detail. The pace of their work is slow. If the fingers are long, the standard of their performance goes up, but the speed is reduced.
Keep in mind the need to decide whether a hand is large or small. The height of women and the size of their hand is smaller as compared to men. A small hand in a woman is average. Do keep in view the height of a person while deciding whether he has a large or a small hand.
A heavy or a full hand indicates a man of action. Such a person would not easily admit defeat. He is apt to be frank. It is difficult to define what is going on in the mind of a person with thin hands.