text:
Teaching Academy Membership Nominator/Recommender Guidelines
Please note that Teaching Academy applicants must begin the application process before recommenders can submit their recommendations. Once an applicant submits your name, you will be emailed a recommendation code and a URL for online recommendation submission. If you have questions or concerns about the process, please contact Kerri Pike at the Teaching, Learning, and Professional Development Center (TLPDC); Tel:(742‐0133), or Dr. Shane Blum; Tel:_PHONE_.
Current Teaching Academy members may nominate or recommend only one candidate each year for consideration. Recommendation letters should not exceed 2 pages. Letters received for more than one candidate as well as those that do not conform to the page limit will be excluded from the review process; therefore, those candidates will not be considered for membership.
Recommendation letters should be specifically crafted to address the qualifications of the nominee with respect to the mission of the Teaching Academy and the membership criteria described below. Please emphasize your personal knowledge of the nominee's evidence of teaching excellence, service, and advocacy for teaching excellence by going beyond the information presented in the nominee's application.
New Member Selection Criteria
- Teaching Academy Nomination and Recommendation letters (10%): Applicants must have letters of recommendation from the nominator and one other current member of the Teaching Academy (Note: Teaching Academy members may support only one candidate per year)
- Strength of Teaching Philosophy (15%) – How does the candidate's philosophy guide her or his teaching?
- Evidence the applicant advocates for teaching excellence (15%) What has the candidate done to speak for or represent a positive message about
teaching? Examples of evidence may include:
- Participation in university teaching projects (Open Teaching Concept)
- Participation in multi-institutional teaching projects (Transparency Project)
- Membership in teacher-focused organization
- Participation in teaching related forums (on and off campus)
- Applying for/received teaching award
- Attending TLPDC presentations
- Attending conferences related to teaching (Burns Conference, Advancing Teaching and Learning Conference)
- Evidence the applicant promotes service related to the teaching mission (15%): Examples of evidence may include:
- Peer reviews for faculty
- Service to teaching related communities
- Reviewer for teaching related conference/journal
- Judges/evaluates participants of teaching programs (TEACH Program presentations)
- Evidence of Teaching Excellence (15%): Examples of evidence may include:
- Peer observations
- Creative assignments
- Sample syllabus or an excerpt from a sample syllabus
- Descriptions of innovative techniques
- Course/curriculum development
- Experiential learning (Service Learning)
- Recognition received for teaching excellence/awards received
- Evidence of teaching excellence from students (15%): Examples of evidence may include:
- Course/section number and name
- Designation as undergraduate or graduate level enrollment
- Responses from student evaluations for each course/section
- Departmental and college comparisons.
- (Please do not include raw data. You may also include up to three letters from former students.)


Everyday maths 1
Everyday maths 1
Free course
Everyday maths 1
3 Scale drawings
Have you ever drawn a plan of a room in your house to help you work out how to rearrange the furniture? Or maybe you've sketched a plan of your garden to help you decide how big a new patio should be?
These pictures are called scale drawings. The important thing with scale drawings is that everything must be drawn to scale, meaning that everything must be in proportion – that is, 'shrunk' by the same amount.
All scale drawings must have a scale to tell us how much the drawing has been shrunk by.
Example: In the garden
Here is an example of typical scale drawing:
Described image
Figure 16 A scale drawing of a garden
What's the width and length of the patio?
Hint: This scale drawing has been drawn on squared paper. This makes it easier to draw and understand. Each square is 1 cm wide and 1 cm long. So instead of using a ruler you can just count the squares and this will tell you the measurement in centimetres.
The scale in this drawing is 1:100. This means that 1 cm on the scale drawing is equal to 100 cm, or 1 m, in real life. Once we know the scale, we can measure the distances on the drawing.
Using a ruler (or just counting the squares), we find that the patio is 5 cm long and 3 cm wide on the drawing. This means that in real life it is 5 metres long and 3 metres wide.
So when you're working with scale drawings:
 - Find out what the scale on the drawing is.
 - Multiply the distance you measure by the scale to give the distance in real life.
Activity 6: Getting information from a scale drawing
 1. Let's stay with this scale drawing of the garden.
 Described image
 Figure 17 A scale drawing of a garden
 - a.What is the width and length of the vegetable garden?
 - b.What is the width and length of the flower bed?
 - c.How far is the patio from the vegetable garden?
 - d.Say you wanted to put a trampoline between the patio and the vegetable garden. It measures 3 m by 3 m. Is there enough space for it?
 2. A landscaper wants to put a wild area in your garden. She makes a scale plan of the wild area:
 Described image
 Figure 18 A scale drawing of a wild area of a garden
 What is the length of the longest side of the actual wild area in metres?
 3. Here is a scale drawing showing one disabled parking space in a supermarket car park. The supermarket plans to add two more disabled parking spaces next to the existing one, with no spaces between them.
 Described image
 Figure 19 A scale drawing of a car park
 What will be the total actual width of the three disabled parking spaces in metres?
 1. The answers are as follows:
 - a.The vegetable garden is 5 m long and 2 m wide.
 - b.The flower bed is 6 m long and 2 m wide.
 - c.The patio and vegetable garden are 3 m apart.
 - d.The distance between the patio and vegetable garden is 3 m and the trampoline is 3 m wide. So the trampoline would fit in the space, but it would be a bit of a squeeze.
 2. The length on the drawing is 9 cm, and the scale is 1:50. This means that 1 cm on the drawing is equal to 50 cm in real life. So to find out what 9 cm is in real life, you need to multiply it by 50:
 - 9 × 50 = 450 cm
 The question asks for the length in metres, so you need to convert centimetres into metres:
 - 450 ÷ 100 = 4.5 m
 The actual length of the wild area will be 4.5 m.
 3. You need to find out the width of three disabled parking spaces. The width of one parking space on the scale drawing is 2 cm, so first you need to multiply this by 3:
 - 2 × 3 = 6 cm
 The scale is 1:125. This means that 1 cm on the drawing is equal to 125 cm in real life. So to find out what 6 cm is in real life, you need to multiply it by 125:
 - 6 × 125 = 750 cm
 - 750 ÷ 100 = 7.5 m
 The actual width of all three parking bays will be 7.5 m.
In this section you have learned how to use scale drawings.
Take your learning further
Request an Open University prospectus371


text:
Nothing! Optional; cards of the letters you want to practice.
Students are divided into teams. The target sounds are written on the blackboard as letters. The first student from each group stands up in front of the blackboard with a fan. The teacher says a word which uses a target sound, and the students have to hit the letter which makes that sound. The first student to hit the correct letter is the winner.
Have the students stand in lines to save time while taking turns.
Vowel sound variationEdit
This variation of the game distinguishes between different vowel sounds. Instead of using letters, use picture cards to represent the particular sounds. The teacher will say a word, and the students have to hit the picture with the same vowel sound.
This variation concentrates on the 'y' sound. Write the kanji for 'year' (年 (ねん - nen?)) and 'ear' (耳 (みみ mimi?)) on the blackboard. Say the word 'year' or 'ear', and students have to hit the correct kanji.
This variation concentrates on only two words. Write two similar words on the blackboard, such as 'right' and 'light' and the students have to hit the correct word. See Pronunciation problems for a comprehensive list.
In a similar fashion to how Karuta is played, students in a group have the cards in front of them and try to be the first to hit them. This variation enables a higher level of student involvement.
This lesson plan was taken from the sixth edition of Team Taught Pizza.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: An admittedly sloppily expressed question to get a discussion going which comes at the problem of consciousness from a more epistemilogical angle. Goedel's incompleteness theorems show that for any and every formal and systematic explanation of everything (in all possible universes) there must be a meta-system which cannot be included in the explanation. Many people argue that this is consciousness. Equivalently every explanation of everything must contain an undefined term. Some people, but fewer than above, argue that this implies that consciousness cannot be defined within any explanation of it. (i.e. that its existence cannot be explained, even if known). Equivalently any proof-based or observation-based explanation of everything cannot explain the 'essence' that underlies matter or the 'ultimate reality' that underlies the physical universe. Some people (lots of people this time), argue that essence and ultimate reality are consciousness. I'll leave it there and see what happens. Any thoughts?

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


wxPython: Design Approaches and Techniques
Over 80 practical recipes for developing feature-rich applications using wxPython
wxPython 2.8 Application Development Cookbook
wxPython 2.8 Application Development Cookbook
Over 80 practical recipes for developing feature-rich applications using wxPython
 - Develop flexible applications in wxPython.
 - Create interface translatable applications that will run on Windows, Macintosh OSX, Linux, and other UNIX like environments.
 - Learn basic and advanced user interface controls.
 - Packed with practical, hands-on cookbook recipes and plenty of example code, illustrating the techniques to develop feature rich applications using wxPython.
 Read more about this book
(For more resources on Python, see here.)
Programming is all about patterns. There are patterns at every level, from the programming language itself, to the toolkit, to the application. Being able to discern and choose the optimal approach to use to solve the problem at hand can at times be a difficult task. The more patterns you know, the bigger your toolbox, and the easier it will become to be able to choose the right tool for the job.
Different programming languages and toolkits often lend themselves to certain patterns and approaches to problem solving. The Python programming language and wxPython are no different, so let's jump in and take a look at how to apply some common design approaches and techniques to wxPython applications.
Creating Singletons
In object oriented programming, the Singleton pattern is a fairly simple concept of only allowing exactly one instance of a given object to exist at a given time. This means that it only allows for only one instance of the object to be in memory at any given time, so that all references to the object are shared throughout the application. Singletons are often used to maintain a global state in an application since all occurrences of one in an application reference the same exact instance of the object. Within the core wxPython library, there are a number of singleton objects, such as ArtProvider, ColourDatabase, and SystemSettings. This recipe shows how to make a singleton Dialog class, which can be useful for creating non-modal dialogs that should only have a single instance present at a given time, such as a settings dialog or a special tool window.
How to do it...
To get started, we will define a metaclass that can be reused on any class that needs to be turned into a singleton. We will get into more detail later in the How it works section. A metaclass is a class that creates a class. It is passed a class to it's __init__ and __call__ methods when someone tries to create an instance of the class.
class Singleton(type):
def __init__(cls, name, bases, dict):
super(Singleton, cls).__init__(name, bases, dict)
cls.instance = None
if not cls.instance:
# Not created or has been Destroyed
cls.instance = obj
return cls.instance
Here we have an example of the use of our metaclass, which shows how easy it is to turn the following class into a singleton class by simply assigning the Singleton class as the __metaclass__ of SingletonDialog. The only other requirement is to define the SetupWindow method that the Singleton metaclass uses as an initialization hook to set up the window the first time an instance of the class is created.
Note that in Python 3+ the __metaclass__ attribute has been replaced with a metaclass keyword argument in the class definition.
class SingletonDialog(wx.Dialog):
__metaclass__ = Singleton
def SetupWindow(self):
"""Hook method for initializing window"""
self.field = wx.TextCtrl(self)
self.check = wx.CheckBox(self, label="Enable Foo")
# Layout
vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
label = wx.StaticText(self, label="FooBar")
hsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
hsizer.AddMany([(label, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL),
((5, 5), 0),
(self.field, 0, wx.EXPAND)])
btnsz = self.CreateButtonSizer(wx.OK)
vsizer.AddMany([(hsizer, 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 10),
(self.check, 0, wx.ALL, 10),
(btnsz, 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 10)])
How it works...
There are a number of ways to implement a Singleton in Python. In this recipe, we used a metaclass to accomplish the task. This is a nicely contained and easily reusable pattern to accomplish this task. The Singleton class that we defined can be used by any class that has a SetupWindow method defined for it. So now that we have done it, let's take a quick look at how a singleton works.
The Singleton metaclass dynamically creates and adds a class variable called instance to the passed in class. So just to get a picture of what is going on, the metaclass would generate the following code in our example:
class SingletonDialog(wx.Dialog):
instance = None
Then the first time the metaclass's __call__ method is invoked, it will then assign the instance of the class object returned by the super class's __call__ method, which in this recipe is an instance of our SingletonDialog. So basically, it is the equivalent of the following:
SingletonDialog.instance = SingletonDialog(*args,**kwargs)
Any subsequent initializations will cause the previously-created one to be returned, instead of creating a new one since the class definition maintains the lifetime of the object and not an individual reference created in the user code.
Our SingletonDialog class is a very simple Dialog that has TextCtrl, CheckBox, and Ok Button objects on it. Instead of invoking initialization in the dialog's __init__ method, we instead defined an interface method called SetupWindow that will be called by the Singleton metaclass when the object is initially created. In this method, we just perform a simple layout of our controls in the dialog. If you run the sample application that accompanies this topic, you can see that no matter how many times the show dialog button is clicked, it will only cause the existing instance of the dialog to be brought to the front. Also, if you make changes in the dialog's TextCtrl or CheckBox, and then close and reopen the dialog, the changes will be retained since the same instance of the dialog will be re-shown instead of creating a new one.
Implementing an observer pattern
The observer pattern is a design approach where objects can subscribe as observers of events that other objects are publishing. The publisher(s) of the events then just broadcasts the events to all of the subscribers. This allows the creation of an extensible, loosely-coupled framework of notifications, since the publisher(s) don't require any specific knowledge of the observers. The pubsub module provided by the wx.lib package provides an easy-to-use implementation of the observer pattern through a publisher/subscriber approach. Any arbitrary number of objects can subscribe their own callback methods to messages that the publishers will send to make their notifications. This recipe shows how to use the pubsub module to send configuration notifications in an application.
How to do it...
Here, we will create our application configuration object that stores runtime configuration variables for an application and provides a notification mechanism for whenever a value is added or modified in the configuration, through an interface that uses the observer pattern:
import wx
from wx.lib.pubsub import Publisher
# PubSub message classification
MSG_CONFIG_ROOT = ('config',)
class Configuration(object):
"""Configuration object that provides
def __init__(self):
super(Configuration, self).__init__()
# Attributes
self._data = dict()
def SetValue(self, key, value):
self._data[key] = value
# Notify all observers of config change
Publisher.sendMessage(MSG_CONFIG_ROOT + (key,),
def GetValue(self, key):
"""Get a value from the configuration"""
return self._data.get(key, None)
Now, we will create a very simple application to show how to subscribe observers to configuration changes in the Configuration class:
class ObserverApp(wx.App):
def OnInit(self):
self.config = Configuration()
self.frame = ObserverFrame(None,
title="Observer Pattern")
self.configdlg = ConfigDialog(self.frame,
title="Config Dialog")
return True
def GetConfig(self):
return self.config
This dialog will have one configuration option on it to allow the user to change the applications font:
class ConfigDialog(wx.Dialog):
"""Simple setting dialog"""
super(ConfigDialog, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# Attributes
self.panel = ConfigPanel(self)
# Layout
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer.Add(self.panel, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.SetInitialSize((300, 300))
class ConfigPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
super(ConfigPanel, self).__init__(parent)
# Attributes
self.picker = wx.FontPickerCtrl(self)
# Setup
# Event Handlers
def __DoLayout(self):
vsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
hsizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
vsizer.Add(hsizer, 0, wx.EXPAND)
Here, in the FontPicker's event handler, we get the newly-selected font and call SetValue on the Configuration object owned by the App object in order to change the configuration, which will then cause the ('config', 'font') message to be published:
def OnFontPicker(self, event):
"""Event handler for the font picker control"""
font = self.picker.GetSelectedFont()
# Update the configuration
config = wx.GetApp().GetConfig()
config.SetValue('font', font)
Now, here, we define the application's main window that will subscribe it's OnConfigMsg method as an observer of all ('config',) messages, so that it will be called whenever the configuration is modified:
class ObserverFrame(wx.Frame):
"""Window that observes configuration messages"""


text:
(Natural News) If you're thinking of planting wheat, try adding some moringa to the mix to help it grow faster and keep weeds at bay, according to a study in Allelopathy Journal. In the study, the researchers investigated extracts from the leaves, flowers, and seeds of the moringa tree (Moringa oleifera), in particular, how they affect the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis).
For most farmers, wild mustard is a pest. It's described to be "tough," creating dense patches that can rob other plants of nutrients essential for them to grow. The plant is native to Europe and Asia, but it can also be found in the U.S. and other parts of North America, where it is a regular problem not only in cultivated fields but in home gardens as well. However, that's not to say that wild mustard is without its merits: It can be used to treat conditions such as rheumatic pain, digestive weakness, and loss of appetite. It's also used to boost metabolism.
In the study, the researchers looked at how the aerial parts of the moringa tree can affect the two plants; in particular, how their chemical composition and phytotoxicity can impact the growth of each plant. After examining the chemical composition of the plant extracts, they found the presence of hydrocarbon compounds, unsaturated fats, and saturated fats in each of the extracts. According to researchers, these exhibited an inhibiting effect on wild mustard seeds, preventing their germination. However, the researchers noted the opposite effect in wheat seeds, with the moringa extracts stimulating the germination and growth of the seedlings. (Related: Graphene could make fertilizer more efficient, affordable and environmentally friendly.)
Other plant-based organic fertilizers
It's not just moringa – there is a slew of natural ingredients that can be used to safely grow your crops. For the most part, most of the components you need to make your own fertilizer are readily available, with some found around the house. Here are a few examples of natural fertilizers that have no hint of harmful chemicals in them. (h/t to PlantCareToday.com)
Lawn fertilizer and weed fertilizer
- Fill a five-gallon bucket with? of fresh grass clippings.
- Top it off with water.
- Let the mixture sit for at least three days at room temperature. Stir at least once a day.
- Strain the liquid and dilute with equal parts water.
- Spray over leaves for rapid growth
Banana peel fertilizer
- Bury the peels under mulch to make them usable for compost.
- Banana peels are rich in potassium, which can be used to give roses a more vibrant color.
Coffee ground fertilizer
- Mix 6 cups of coffee grounds with 5 gallons of water.
- Let the mixture settle down for at least four days before applying it to the soil.
- Coffee grounds are rich sources of nitrogen, which are beneficial for tomatoes and blueberries.
- Before using eggshells, wash them to remove any impurities.
- Crush the shells and work these into the soil. These would work well if these are put near tomato or pepper plants.
- The calcium carbonate in eggshells can be used as a soil conditioner replacement for lime and other plant seeds.
It's always a good idea to have your soil tested to know which nutrients it needs to ensure optimal growth for each crop.
Learn even more natural ways to grow your crops at Harvest.news.


text:
Gilled rustic Italian bread, grilled vegetables, melted mozzarella: a great grilled cheese sandwich. Photo courtesy of Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board.
Did The Earl Of Sandwich "Invent" The Sandwich?
CAPSULE REPORT: Before the Earl of Sandwich gave his name to the concept, man certainly put meat and cheese between slices of bread—it was an easy way for field workers and travelers to eat. But it didn't have a formal name: "bread and cheese" or "lamb in pita" was all the description required. The Earl didn't even name the sandwich; but merely by being the first in London to specifically order meat served between two slices of bread so that he could eat with one hand while continuing to gamble with the other, he launched the demand for what became known as the sandwich. This is Page 1 of a two-page article. Click on the black links below to visit other pages.
While the Earl of Sandwich is credited with "inventing" the sandwich in 1762, the principle of bread and filling likely dates to around 9000 B.C.E., when permanent settlements were established in the Middle East, and the hunter-gatherers began to plant and harvest grain. These grains became the first breads, unleavened flatbreads that were baked over an open fire. They were also "edible plates," holding roasted meat or fish on the journey from pot to mouth.
The first recorded sandwich in history was made by Rabbi Hillel, who lived in Jerusalem in the 1st century B.C.E., at the time of King Herod. Observing the Passover ritual of eating bitter herbs or maror (generally grated horseradish) on matzoh, he placed a sweet filling of chopped apples and nuts, seasoned with cinnamon, alongside the maror, and topped it with a second slice of matzo. The practice, continued today, is known as the Hillel sandwich.
Two millennia later, Becky Mercuri, author of American Sandwich, quotes researcher J. J. Schebel on a French claim that travelers and field workers carried meat between two slices of black bread, long before the "sandwich" gained prominence. None of this is surprising; in fact, it would be more surprising if slices from loaves of bread had not been used to hold meat, cheese, fish and other fillings. There's just no notation of it; it took the celebrity of the fourth Earl of Sandwich to give it a name.
John Montagu, Fourth Earl Of Sandwich
While slices of bread with meat and cheese had been eaten since the dawn of the loaf of bread, the term "sandwich" purportedly originated one evening in 1762 at the Beef Steak Club, a private gentleman's club above Covent Garden in London. John Montagu, the fourth Earl of Sandwich (_PHONE_), called for such a dish to be served to him, so he could remain at the gaming table without breaking for supper. A marathon gambler, necessity was the mother of invention; the sandwich enabled him to keep gaming with one hand while he ate with the other (interestingly, sushi rolls were invented for exactly the same reason). However, the genius wasn't totally spontaneous: It is said that Montagu was inspired by diplomatic trips to the Mediterranean, where he observed Greeks and Turks eating pita bread stuffed with meats and other fillings.
The practice of serving "sandwiches," including elaborate presentations of poached fillet of pheasant and guinea hen, soon became a popular late-night meal at society balls. During the nineteenth century, lunch (called midday dinner) was the main meal of the day; dinner (then called supper) was a lighter meal where the leftovers from lunch were often made into sandwiches. After Victorian author Charlotte Mason wrote the first cookbook recipes for sandwiches—recommending that the crusts be removed from the bread—sandwiches began to be served at tea and picnics. They were common fare at taverns and train stations; the "club sandwich" was developed at a private club.
Coming To America
English traditions easily jumped over the pond. While no one noted the date a sandwich was first served in the U.S., in 1837, Eliza Leslie was the first person to publish a recipe, in Miss Leslie's Directions For Cookery. One of the sandwiches remains popular today: a ham sandwich with mustard on lightly buttered bread. By the late 1860s, reports Mercuri, sandwiches were common supper fare and travel food.
Continue To Page 2: The Sandwich In America
Go To The Article Index Above
© Copyright 2005-
Lifestyle Direct, Inc. All rights reserved. Photographs are the copyright of their respective owners.


text:
Lower Plants Collections
The origins of the botanical collections in Cardiff began in 1867 when Cardiff Naturalists Society formed and influenced the development of Cardiff Free Library, Museum and Schools of Science and Art. The first noteworthy botanical purchase of the society was in 1870 with the Conway Collection.
An estimated 337,000 specimens in Amgueddfa Cymru — National Museum Wales herbarium are lower plants, mainly consisting of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts) coming to around 280,000 specimens. However, there are also many specimens of lichens (45,000), fungi (6,700) and algae (5,000).
Keeping the collections safe and in good condition is part of the job of curators who work closely with the conservation department in the Museum.
Explore the collections online. We are gradually adding to these, so further catalogues will become available.


text:
The city of Coos Bay has drafted an ordinance to allow wind turbines in town.
The World of Coos Bay reports that turbines have been under a moratorium, but the city plans to take public comment in early 2013.
The draft ordinance would allow turbines no higher than 70 feet - industrial wind turbines are more than 250 feet.
For large turbines, residents would have to show that noise would be minimal, viewsheds would not be disturbed and that the device would meet tough safety standards. Restrictions would be reduced for smaller devices.
An Oregon State University expert tells the paper that urban settings aren't generally favorable for turbines: Both wind speed and elevation are low.


text:
Full color reproduction of Giovanni Leardo's 1452 Mappamundi.
Notecard Size: 5 x 7 in.
Price: Individual card with envelope, $2.00.
Packet of six with envelopes, $10.00.
Text on Back: "Perhaps the finest example of a medieval world map, or mappamundi, preserved in the Western Hemisphere, the Leardo map of the world is the oldest original map in the AGS Library. Dating from 1452, this manuscript map on vellum is one of only three extant world maps by the 15th century Venetian cartographer Giovanni Leardo. Following cartographic conventions of the time, Jerusalem is shown as the center of the world, and the map is "oriented" with east at the top. A series of concentric rings around the circular map comprises an elaborate calendar, a feature common to all of Leardo's maps.
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Golda Meir Library
Printed at no cost to the taxpayers of Wisconsin."


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Let's consider curve $C\subset \mathbb P^n$ of degree $d$ and genus $g$. We want to calculate dimension of deformation space of $C$, i.e. $h^0(C,L)$ where $L$ is the normal bundle.
We can decompose $L$ as $L_1\subset L_2\dots \subset L$, such as $dim L_{i+1}/L_i =1 \ $ and apply Riemann-Roch to each $L_{i+1}/L_i$.
I heard that this gives us $(n-1)(d-g+1)+2g-2 + 2d\ $ (as expected to be dimension of deformation space of $C$ or the number of points need to fix to count curves degree $d$ and genus $g$ passing through them).
But I can't calculate it! Could you help me with this or give me a reference?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
up vote 7 down vote accepted
Let's start by stating Riemmann-Roch for vector bundles: If $C$ is a smooth projective curve of genus $g$, and $E$ is a vector bundle of rank $r$ and degree $\delta$, then $h^0(C,E) - h^1(C,E) = \delta - r(g-1)$. If $E$ has a filtration such as you describe, you can prove this by using Riemann-Roch on each quotient line bundle, and then adding up the contributions in the long exact sequence of cohomology.
Now, we want to consider the case where $E$ is the normal bundle $N$ to $C \subset \mathbb{P}^n$. The rank of $E$ is $n-1$. We have the short exact sequence $0 \to T_C \to T_{\mathbb{P}^n}|_C \to N \to 0$. The tangent bundle to $C$ has degree $-(2g-2)$. The tangent bundle to $\mathbb{P}^n$ has first chern class $(n+1)$ times the hyperplane class; the hyperclane class restricts to $d$ times the fundamental class of $C$. So the degree of $N$ is $d(n+1) + (2g-2)$ and Riemann-Roch gives $$d(n+1)+(2g-2)-(n-1)(g-1)$$ which matches your formula.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
The United States Geological Survey and United States Forest Service have periodically measured chemical and physical water quality conditions at locations throughout the Eleven Point Watershed since 1968 (Table Wq01)(USGS 1969; Aley 1971; Tryon 1978; and USGS 1995). Many different aspects of water quality have been measured, and data on one or more of the items listed in Table Wq02 are available at each station.
Long term and current water quality data exist for the Eleven Point River near Bardley (Station 07071500) and at Greer Spring (Station 07071000). Water samples taken throughout the period of record indicate water discharged from Greer Spring maintains a water temperature of 55 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit (deg. F.) dissolved oxygen between 3.9 and 11.2 mg/l. The water is hard (108 to 209mg/l CaCO3), low in total phosphorus (0.020 to 0.030 mg/l), with periodically high fecal coliform (1 to 173 cols./100ml) and fecal streptococci (29 to 94 cols./100ml) levels, coinciding with periods of high precipitation (USGS 1996).
Water quality readings taken on the Eleven Point River near Bardley suggest the river has hard water (60 to 210 mg/l CaCO3), that is low in total phosphorus (0.008 to 0.15 mg/l), and has periodically high fecal coliform (2 to 2300 cols./100ml) and fecal streptococci (6 to 1300 cols./100ml) once again, the elevated values coincide with periods of high precipitation. Water temperatures at this station have ranged from 43 to 73 deg. F. and dissolved oxygen readings have ranged between 6.0 and 13.2 mg/l (USGS 1996).
Two years, 1971 and 1993, were arbitrarily selected to compare water quality values between the 1970's and 1990's at Bardley (Table Wq03). Most water quality parameters were similar except total phosphorus, manganese, and iron. Phosphorus, manganese, and iron values were all higher during 1971. Fecal coliform levels appear to be much lower in 1971. However, high fecal coliform levels have occurred throughout the entire period of record, and have often exceeded state standards for drinking water (0 cols./100ml) and whole-body-contact recreation (200 cols./100ml) (USGS 1972; USGS 1994; and MDNR 1994A). State water quality standards for fecal streptococci have not been established.
From 1990 to 1993 the USGS in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) performed an extensive evaluation of ground and surface water quality, ground water levels, and ground water flow in and adjacent to the lead prospecting area. Prior to this study, insufficient information existed to adequately analyze the potential effects of lead mining in the area. Water quality was evaluated at 6 stream sites, 7 springs, and 29 wells. Various water quality parameters were evaluated once a year between 1990 and 1993 (Table Wq04)(Kleeschulte and Sutley 1995). The data from this study is on file at the MDC Ozark Fisheries Regional Office, West Plains. All water quality parameters were within normal levels. Figure Ge04 displays historical records of some successful groundwater dye tracings in the Eleven Point Watershed. This study showed positive dye traces inconsistent with previous dye traces, giving testimony to the dynamics of groundwater movement (Legler, personal communication). A multi-agency database of dye tracings is available through the MDNR, Division of Geology and Land Survey.
Duchrow (1977) conducted the most comprehensive macroinvertebrate study within the watershed. He collected a total of 129 taxa of aquatic invertebrates from the Eleven Point River and its tributaries during a water quality/aquatic invertebrate study in 1974. Water quality was evaluated by comparing calculated species diversity index values to established standards for Missouri streams (Tables Wq05, Wq06, and Figure Bc04). Many pollution sensitive invertebrates were collected. Water quality parameter values met established criteria for unpolluted Missouri streams. According to Duchrow, intensive recreational use has not degraded the water quality of the Eleven Point River. However, he also noted that the conversion of forest land to pasture land and the introduction of treated sewage effluent represent major, potential threats to the water quality of the Eleven Point River Watershed, adding that these activities had apparently contributed additional nutrients to the Eleven Point River as witnessed by excessive algal growth. Duchrow (1977) stated, "to date, the increased productivity has not caused serious problems; however, if the nutrient introduction is allowed to increase, future water quality degradation could occur."
Since 1974, benthic macroinvertebrates have been spot sampled periodically. Seasonal records do not exist for any of the post 1974 collections, which precludes using this data to compare with the 1974 study performed by Duchrow.
Data obtained from the United States Geological Survey National Water Use Database (1999) indicate that total water withdrawn within the Eleven Point Watershed in 1995 was 4.08 million gallons per day (mgd) (Table Wq07)(USGS 1999). Nearly all of the water withdrawn in the watershed was from the groundwater system. Groundwater withdrawn within the watershed was 3.21 million gallons per day (mgd) while surface water withdrawn was 0.87 mgd. All surface water withdrawn was for livestock or irrigation use.
Domestic water use was the most prevalent use within the Eleven Point Watershed (USGS 1999). Domestic deliveries from public water supplies in 1995 equaled 0.56 million gallons per day (mgd). Self-supplied water withdrawn in 1995 for domestic use equaled 0.52 mgd. Livestock use was a close second at 1 mgd (Table Wq07).
The amount of water withdrawn in the watershed is likely to continue to rise in the upper portion of the watershed with a projected increase in the population of Howell County. Projections of population increase of Missouri counties have been calculated by the Missouri Office of Administration (MOA), Division of Budget and Planning for three different projection scenarios in a report entitled "Projections of the Population of Missouri Counties By Age, Gender, and Race: 1990 to 2020" (MOA 1994). The combined population for Howell and Oregon Counties is expected to increase 6% to 27% by the year 2020.
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) maintains records of "major" users of surface and ground water (those facilities capable of withdrawing 100,000 gallons/day) throughout the state. Recent records (1993) indicate that although there are no major surface water users, four major ground water users exist within the Eleven Point Watershed. The major ground water users include the cities of Willow Springs, Alton, and Birch Tree, as well as Oregon County Public Water Supply District #2 (PWSD #2). Annual water withdrawals (million gallons/year) for Willow Springs, Alton, Birch Tree, and PWSD #2 are 161.0, 60.4, 36.7, and 2.1 respectively (MDNR 1993).
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) has designated 20 miles of the Eleven Point River from Greer Spring (Section 17, 23N, 2W) to Highway 160 (Section 36, 25N, 4W) in Oregon County as a Cold-Water Sport Fishery (Figure Hc03). The Eleven Point River from its headwaters near Willow Springs to Highway 142 has also been designated as an outstanding National Water Resource. Section 23, 25N, 6W (Thomasville) to the state line is designated by the MDNR for whole body contact recreation as well as boating and canoeing (MDNR 1994A). Within the National Scenic River boundary, United States Forest Service has established regulations prohibiting the use of air boats and outboard motors larger than 25 HP at the propeller shaft.
The Eleven Point River is not designated for use as a drinking water supply. The streams of this watershed have no public surface water withdrawals. Additionally, there are no dam or hydropower influences at this time. Additional use designations for the Eleven Point River and its tributaries are included in Table Wq08.
Section 303d of the federal Clean Water Law requires that states identify those waters for which current pollution control measures are inadequate. This is accomplished by comparing data from those waters with water quality criteria established for designated beneficial uses of those waters (MDNR 1999b). Those waters are then included in the 303(d) list. The state must then conduct Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) studies on those waters in order to determine what pollution control measures are required and then insure those measures are implemented (MDNR 1999a). The Final 1998 303(d) list for Missouri includes 0.4 miles of the Eleven Point River and 0.1 miles of Piney Creek (MDNR 1999c). The pollutant at both sites is chlorine associated with the Willow Springs and Alton waste water treatment plants. The Clean Water Act requires that the list be updated every 2 years thus the


Distilleries in historical context
Most of the distilleries which are currently active were created during the XIXth century. Some of them are older, and some of them were built in the second half of the XXth century.
The first half of the XIXth century will see the birth of a lot of distilleries. The invention of the "Coffey Still" (or Patent Still) will make blends possible, which will have a great influence on the export of whisky.
The second half of XIXth century was marked by the greatest ecological disaster which ever affected the French vineyards: the phylloxera. The effect of this disaster was a lack of Cognac. So a lot of people began drinking whisky instead. The effect was the creation of lots of distilleries in Scotland.
First half of the XXth century was an extremely disrupted period, with two world wars, the advent of communism in Russia, the Wall Street krach, prohibition in the United States, and so on...All this factors were harmful for industry, and particularly for whisky distilleries. No new distillery was founded during that period.


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F, V. F. Eastop, R. D. Hughes and M. J. Way. 1969. The Ecology of Myzus persicae. Ann. Rev. Ento. 14: 197-270.
Zimmerman, E. C. 1948. Myzus persicae (Sulzer). pp. 116-118. In: Insects of Hawaii, A Manual of the Insects of the Hawaiian Islands, including Enumeration of the Species and Notes on their Origin, Distribution, Hosts, Parasites, etc. Volume 5, Homoptera: Aphididae. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 464 pages.


What is the purpose of Willa Cather's dedication to My Antonia?
Expert Answers
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The dedication to My Antonia reads:
TO CARRIE AND IRENE MINER In memory of affections old and true
Optima dies... prima fugit VIRGIL
Writers usually choose to dedicate books to people who have had significant influence on their personal or artistic lives. A dedication can be a mark of gratitude or admiration.
The quotation from Virgil, "Optima dies prima fugit" or "the best days are the first to flee" (or "the most fleeting"; cf. Horace, "Eheu, Postume, fugace, fugace"), suggests that the novel is about memories of an idyllic past which has disappeared. This fits the theme that the prarie communities of Cather's choildhood have disappeared, and moreover she herself is no longer the innocent rural child of her past. The narrator's journey to the past echoes this theme, in that Antonia is grown and married, and he cannot retrieve the relationship or circumstances of his past.
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ov enjoy in 'Crime and Punishment'?
 10. Analyze typically the theme progress religious payoff over the course of 'Crime and Punishment. '
 11. Analyze the role of God and croyance in the book.
 12. Analyze the exact rationalization involving crime around 'Crime and even Punishment. '
 13. Analyze retributive justice around 'Crime and Punishment. '
 14. Analyze nature in the story.
 15. Analyze remorse in the story.
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Gastric Dilation in Rabbits
Gastric dilation is a syndrome in which the stomach expands (dilates) due to excess gas and fluid, resulting in complex local and systemic changes in the digestive tract. In most cases, it occurs due to foreign body obstruction. In rare instances, the stomach dilates in the absence of a foreign body. In either case, a mechanical or functional obstruction occurs at the opening of the stomach into the intestine, and fluid or semi-digested food accumulates in the stomach.
Twisting of the stomach, a condition called gastric volvulus, is rarely seen in concurrence with distension, but has been reported. More commonly, the pressure due to distension will result in a lack of blood supply and pressure on the nerves. These changes may account for acute (sudden and severe) clinical signs, such as severe abdominal pain, shock, and even heart failure.
Symptoms and Types
Although weakness and/or collapse are the most common historical findings associated with gastric dilation, rabbits may also have a history of loss of appetite. Other common symptoms include:
- Irregular blood pressure and heart rate
- Severe abdominal pain on palpation
- Progressive abdominal distension (does not happen suddenly)
- Hypovolemic shock (e.g., pale mucous membranes, decreased capillary, weak pulses, low body temperature)
Gastric dilation commonly occurs due to an obstruction caused by the swallowing of hair mats, cloth, or other fibers. Ferrets may also obstruct the pathway by swallowing small pieces of rubber or plastic toys, though it occurs less frequently. A low fiber diet can increase cravings for fiber-rich foods and lead to chewing of the aforementioned objects, increasing the risk of intestinal obstruction. Abdominal scar tissue is another posible cause for gastric dilation.
You will need to provide a thorough history of your rabbit's health leading up to the onset of symptoms to your veterinarian. He or she will then perform a thorough physical exam on the animal in the attempt to differentiate from other causes of abdominal pain, distention and appetite loss. The best method by which to make a diagnosis will be by visually examining the stomach cavity, which may be done by X-ray, ultrasonography, or endoscopy. The latter method uses a small camera that is attached to a flexible tube, and which can be inserted into the actual space to be examined. In this way, your veterinarian can get a more precise image of the cause of the blockage, and if indicated, take a tissue sample for biopsy.
As part of a standard physical examination, your doctor will also do a complete blood profile, including a chemical blood profile, a complete blood count, and a urinalysis. Blood and urine analyses, meanwhile, may show evidence of low blood volumes, an indication that shock has, or will set in.
As gastric dilation can quickly become fatal, it often warrants emergency inpatient medical management. Special attention will be paid to establishing improved heart function and fluid balance, followed by gastric decompression and resolution of the cause of the distention. Your veterinarian will perform gastric decompression by intubation of the stomach through the oral cavity. Surgery is indicated in most cases to remove the cause of obstruction, though it is not without risk, especially when the patient is in a critical condition. Blood pressure, meanwhile, will be maintained with fluid support until your rabbit has returned to a more balanced state. Antibiotics may also be given to prevent opportunistic infections.
Living and Management
Recovery may or may not occur. However, the condition may recur even if it is completely resolved. Your rabbit may resume normal activity after the foreign body is removed. Once your rabbit has been safely discharged from medical care, you can begin feeding it again, but the diet will need to be modified until the rabbit has had time to fully recover from the trauma. Pellets can be ground and mixed with fresh greens, vegetable baby foods, water, or juice to form a gruel that can be swallowed an digested more easily than solids. If your rabbit refuses food, you may assist-feed the gruel mixture. If sufficient volumes of food are not accepted in this manner either, feeding through tubes is indicated. Unless your veterinarian has specifically instructed it, do not feed your rabbit high-carbohydrate, high-fat nutritional supplements.
At home, monitor its appetite and production of feces, and regularly brush the rabbit to remove excess hair so as to prevent the rabbit from ingesting hair mats while self grooming.
The ability to create a disease where a disease might not normally be found, usually due to an ill timed or unlikely weakness
A condition of canines in which the stomach tends to fill with air and expand
Examination through feeling
Something that is related to the whole body and not just one particular part or organ
An in-depth examination of the properties of urine; used to determine the presence or absence of illness
Anything having to do with the stomach
The process of making something larger by dilating or stretching it
The process of removing tissue to examine it, usually for medical reasons.
The amount of pressure applied by the blood on the arteries.
The whole system involved in digestion from mouth to anus
The widening of something
Term used to imply that a situation or condition is more severe than usual; also used to refer to a disease having run a short course or come on suddenly.


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USB VIGIKEY DATA LOGGER
Auto-Validation / Control of the temperatures of fresh products during the shippings and the controls of refrigerators and cold rooms
UTILIZATION OF USB DATA LOGGER:
VIGIKEY USB data logger Is ideal to control the temperatures:
- Medical and pharmaceutical products. They require the highest degree of protections guarantees, requiring very precise data concerning the control of the cold chain.
- Foodstuffs as part of the result obligation : It is strongly recommended to establish tests in temperatures, to demonstrate to the veterinary services that the conditions of protection of your thermosensitives products were well respected.
It is recommended to proceed to these follow-ups in every season to prove that thermosensitives products are protected in all the periods of the year.
FUNCTIONING OF THE DATA LOGGER
Its use is particularly simple, its starting up and its stop are made by a simple push-button.
The sensor of temperature is equipped with a bright alarm. Of a simple blow of eye, it allows you to verify, if the ranges of temperatures which you defined were respected or not, all along the way of the parcel, and it's state.
- The temperatures are in accordance, the conditions of protection of the cold chain of one or several product (s) thermosensible (s) are respected well, there is no break of authorized thresholds Top or Low
- One of the critical thresholds was reached, the cold chain was broken
- The data logger of temperature is activated and is awaiting recording if a deadline was programmed (function " delay start "). As soon as it will begin its recording, the diode will pass in the green.
- The stop of the recordings of the measures was activated by impulse on the push-button but the measures were not read or / and not transferred on a computer. After connection by USB plug with reading and recording of the measures, diodes go out. It avoids losing the data.
THE REPORT OF TRACEABILITY :
This tracer allows to obtain immediately in destination, the curve of the temperatures noticed on products to be protected during the travel. It is enough to connect the tracer on the USB port of a computer (PC or MAC).The USB VIGIKEY data logger doesn't require software to visualize the report of traceability, a simple PDF editor is enough (ex: Adobe Reader: Free / compatible PC and Mac).
This report includes :
- The various curves relative to the transport
- The parameters of programming
- The various measures (min., max., average)
- The various events
OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE USB VIGIKEY :
- Dimensions : 60 x 25 x 6 mm
- Weight : 15g
- Precision : 0,2°C (Contrary to the majority of the tracers of the market who have a precision of 0,5°C)
- Resolution : 0,02°C
- Range of use : From -20°C to +80°C
- Delay of activation : From 1 minute to 7 jours
- IP67 sealing: Protection against a temporary dumping in the water.
- Calibrated 1 point 0°C
- In option :
- Possibility of controlling besides the temperature the relative humidity and/or the intensity of the shocks
- Report of calibration in 3 points by the accredited lab COFRAC


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Size is not all that matters. But still, we would love to know how big Hoboken in New Jersey is. Here is the answer:
Hoboken, New Jersey covers an area of 5.18 square kilometers (2 square miles).
With 50,005 people living in Hoboken that comes to a population density of 9653.47 inhabitants per square kilometer (25002.5 / sq mi)
As a reference: The 8,398,748 people living in New York City are crammed onto 1214 sq km (468.73 sq mi), which results into a population density of 6918 inhabitants per square kilometer (17918 / sq mi).
Hoboken ( HOH-boh-kən; Unami: Hupokàn) is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 50,005, having grown by 11,428 (+29.6%) from 38,577 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 5,180 (+15.5%) from the 33,397 in the 1990 Census. Hoboken is part of the New York metropolitan area and is the site of Hoboken Terminal, a major transportation hub for the tri-state region.Hoboken was first settled as part of the Pavonia, New Netherland colony in the 17th century. During the early 19th century the city was developed by Colonel John Stevens, first as a resort and later as a residential neighborhood. Originally part of Bergen Township and later North Bergen Township, it became a separate township in 1849 and was incorporated as a city in 1855. Hoboken is the location of the first recorded game of baseball and of the Stevens Institute of Technology, one of the oldest technological universities in the United States. It is also well known for being the birthplace and hometown of American singer Frank Sinatra, and there are parks and streets located in the city that are named for him.Located on the Hudson Waterfront, the city was an integral part of the Port of New York and New Jersey and home to major industries for most of the 20th century. The character of the city has changed from a blue collar town to one of upscale shops and condominiums. It has been ranked 2nd in Niche's "2019 Best Places to Live in Hudson County" list.
Cities with a similar size as Hoboken
If you want to check which cities have a similar size as Hoboken, New Jersey, here you go:
- Garfield, New Jersey with a size of 5.67 square kilometers (5.67 sq mi), population: 10,213
- Cheney, Washington with a size of 4.37 square kilometers (4.37 sq mi), population: 10,590
- Hamtramck, Michigan with a size of 5.41 square kilometers (5.41 sq mi), population: 22,976
- Clawson, Michigan with a size of 5.70 square kilometers (5.70 sq mi), population: 11,825
- Farmersville, California with a size of 5.85 square kilometers (5.85 sq mi), population: 10,588
- Uniontown, Pennsylvania with a size of 5.29 square kilometers (5.29 sq mi), population: 10,372
- Cornelius, Oregon with a size of 5.19 square kilometers (5.19 sq mi), population: 11,869
- University Heights, Ohio with a size of 4.71 square kilometers (4.71 sq mi), population: 13,539
- Lawndale, California with a size of 5.11 square kilometers (5.11 sq mi), population: 32,769
- Parlier, California with a size of 6.00 square kilometers (6.00 sq mi), population: 14,494
Cities with a similar population density as Hoboken
Other cities that have a similar population density as Hoboken, New Jersey are:
- Arlington County, Virginia with a population density of 8,627 people per sq km (22,334 / sq mi).
- Passaic, New Jersey with a population density of 8,313 people per sq km (21,537 / sq mi).
- Cusseta, Georgia with a population density of 8,102 people per sq km (20,953 / sq mi).
- Maywood, California with a population density of 8,976 people per sq km (23,216 / sq mi).
- Takoma Park, Maryland with a population density of 8,589 people per sq km (22,356 / sq mi).
Cities with a similar population size as Hoboken
Here a list of cities that have a similar number of inhabitants like Hoboken, New Jersey:
- Novato, California with a population of 51,904 people
- Grand Junction, Colorado with a population of 59,899 people
- Middletown, Connecticut with a population of 47,648 people
- Shoreline, Washington with a population of 53,007 people
- Binghamton, New York with a population of 47,376 people
- Coeur d'Alene, Idaho with a population of 44,137 people
- San Jacinto, California with a population of 44,199 people
- La Mesa, California with a population of 57,065 people
- Lewiston, Idaho with a population of 41,789 people
- Council Bluffs, Iowa with a population of 62,230 people


Speed Control Policy
Traffic conditions on residential streets can greatly affect the liability of neighbourhoods. When streets are safe and pleasant, quality of life is enhanced. Neighbourhood residents are concerned with a variety of issues such as traffic volumes, vehicle speeds and the safety of pedestrians, cyclists and motorists. To help alleviate residents concerns, the City of Niagara Falls initiated neighbourhood traffic management programs.
Neighbourhood traffic calming measures are implemented to resolve traffic and safety problems on residential streets. Neighbourhood traffic calming involves altering motorist behaviour on a single street or on a portion of a street network. Is is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behaviour and improve conditions for non-motorized street users.
Effective speed control measures include primarily the use of speed humps with the use of traffic circles in some situations. Speed control measures not only reduce vehicular speeds but they can also elp discourage non-local traffic from travelling through a neighbourhood. Based on the City's past experience, all-way stops on their own are generally not effective for speed control.
For speed control devices to be considered, at least 51% of the residents on the street must be in favour of speed control devices, in addition to a speeding problem being identified. A speeding problem is noted when the operating speed is 10 km/h or more above the speed limit (i.e. 61 km/h or more in a 50 km/h zone) on a residential collector or local street, or when the operating speed is between 1 km/h and 10 km/h over the speed limit (i.e. 53 km/h in a 50 km/h zone) when there is at least one pedestrian generator (school, park, retirement home, etc.) abutting the residential collector or local street.
If you feel that your street is a good candidate for speed control measures, please submit a correspondence to the City's Transportation Services Department. Once received, the City will scheduled technical studies to determine if there is a speeding problem on your street. If so, the project will continue with a questionnaire to all affected property owners, inviting their opinion for speed control devices on the street.


Measuring the temperature of dance in Berlin is a project initiated by Diego Agulló in the framework of Tanznacht Berlin 2016 and later developed in the research frame of PINPOINT TV. Visit the Blog:
In the framework of Tanznacht Berlin 2016 I started a series of video interviews with people that, in many different ways, are engaged in Dance in Berlin. The interviews are not meant to be portraits of particular people. The attention is not put on them but rather how we can see dance in Berlin through them, as if they would be a filter or glasses that render visible a particular perspective of dance in Berlin. This blog brings all the interviews together within the frame of a research with the following double question in mind: in how many different ways "is" and "can" the ethico-political be articulated in dance in Berlin?
The question is double because first, it attempts to make a diagnosis of how the ethico-political "is" already articulated and how in the present time things operate and function, what are the bad habits and the main obstacles to confront so as not to reproduce models based on the dominant ideologies of success, career ladder, the demands of the market and the logic of networking and competitiveness. And second, it is also asking how the ethico-political body "can" be trained differently: what are the different reasons we give to ourselves to do what we do? How to maintain alive heterogeneity and singularities when there is a dominant homogenization that makes individuals desire the same things? How can "we" dance politically and act/do politically? What are these other forms of imagining the political and constructing dance in Berlin based on other metaphors, logics, paradigms of being, dancing and making work?
Interview with Kasia Wolinska from Tanznacht Berlin on Vimeo.
"Measuring the temperature of the ethico-political body of dance in Berlin" serves as a metaphor to imagine every single interview as a chance to insert the thermometer and to measure the temperature of the levels of engagement, pathos and the different intensities that are rendered tangible through a conversation that is trans-personal and travels through different bodies with different voices. This project is an attempt to render tangible a diagnosis of the different intensities and tensions that resonate behind such a continuous murmuring.
This project also wonders what "local" means in times of global economy. On one hand, during several decades, Berlin has been selling out to the world its cultural artistic creative scene for the sake of gaining an appealing city-image with the economic rewards that this implies. Berlin has become a paradigm of post-fordist social organization. There is a problem of continuity, people are not in Berlin all the time and the level of personal engagement and reliability is always relative. There is a continuous flow of people from an international network moving in and out of the city generating short term alliances in the so called ecosystem of cultural industry. These ecosystems tend to homogenize the individuals that are part of it by imposing models, ideas, ways of being that constitute the norm, for instance, professional standards. On the other hand this context allows the generation of heterodox practices that claim to constitute an alternative to the dominant logic. Do they succeed on their attempt to escape from being absorbed by the processes of homogenization? However, it exists an urgent need to claim heterogeneity and a constant process of resingularization.
Interview with Jared Gradinger from Tanznacht Berlin on Vimeo.
What is a "scene"?
One of the starting points was to find out what do we mean by the term "scene" when applied to dance in Berlin and what are other metaphors for it. I did not want to take for granted that such scene or scenes already pre-exist. The scene is not one and neither a totality, the scene cannot be reduced to a network of people that belong to it, the scene has no master plan and there is no inside neither outside and yet it is possible to identify degrees of engagement and levels of implication. What seems to be important is to generate the conditions for saying "we", regardless of who these people are. To be able to say "we" also means "mutual encouragement": to encourage each other to dare/attempt to live and work in heterogeneous ways. To support each other does not mean to be similar or identical but rather to reinforce our singularities.
The problem of the term "scene" is that it immediately implies a game of "visibility", "being on the stage" and the paradigm of vision as the main parameter to understand coexistence. Hence, people have to manage the tension between being seen and not seen (scene and obscene). In addition to that problem, the scene actually also functions as an "ambient" for individual "ambitions" to fulfill particular desires to spread oneself around as much as possible. Ambition and ambient share the same etymology which means "going around", not only as being seen but also in terms of how much your name-brand is being mentioned and called around when people talk about it or when the name is written anywhere. To be famous in the scene implies foremost that a name is constantly being heard and resonates in the ambient.
Interview with Oliver Connew from Tanznacht Berlin on Vimeo.
What happens if we replace the term scene by other terms such as environment, home, collectives, politics of friendship, companionship, ecosystem, communities, complicities, orbits…? How much does it change the scenario of personal aspirations and ways to relate to each other? For instance if we apply the metaphor of the earth that needs to be nurtured. To take care and nourish the conditions in which we we work, to exercise togetherness within a local frame and assuming the challenge of keeping the continuity of the engagement/commitment towards constructing together such conditions. It is not enough not complain. If we miss continuity in Berlin then let's create together the conditions for such a continuity.
Professional trajectories and orbital movement
From the perspective of a "mental ecology", what are the mindsets we follow when making decisions in our artistic trajectories? How homogenized are our minds with ideologies and dominant ways of conceiving our trajectories as artists?
It is a matter of fact that mediators, curators, programmers, juries have the task of objectifying and shaping the artist's professional trajectories. The consequence is that artists themselves do not decide which trajectories are legitimized and validated within the professional field. The artists submit to professional standards that they themselves have not chosen. The artists perform the renunciation of the self becoming passive obedient agents that submit to an evaluation of professional control system and public critical approval. A professional artist, applying a premeditated career plan, survives only if the judgement of the others is favorable. Professionalism becomes the ultimate criteria to validate and legitimize an artist.
Interview with Nina Kurtela from Tanznacht Berlin on Vimeo.
In Berlin there is the feeling of existing a "glass ceiling": at some point there is no more advancement in the career ladder, so "you better go somewhere else". Is Berlin not the right place for a professional career? Is Berlin a city of dilettantes? Is there in Berlin a dominant understanding of how a choreographer's trajectory should look like? One of the most urgent things to continue talking about is how many different ways of understanding professional trajectory exist or could we propose? The dominant one is the metaphor of the career ladder ruled by an opportunistic mind and achievement ideology (success, recognition, symbolic value…) The consequence of this is that main the concern for an artist is to engage and invest time and energies mostly on self management hoping for the best case scenario of profiting from external validation/recognition. It is urgent to propose other ways of conceiving movement in life. To be an artist is not only a job or a profession but first and foremost it is a way of living. Ethics plays a huge role giving value to "other" ways of understanding what it means to be a choreographer or a dancer and not be mainly driven by success, achievement and managing one's own symbolic value. To propose heterogeneous ways of living and ways of being an artist without submitting oneself to the tyranny of professional standards and market demands.
To encourage each other to embody the anomaly in the way we perform our role as artists, to encourage ourselves to exercise self-validation and to believe in exceptions, in deviations and heterogeneous ways of making work and being artists without having to fulfill expectations of any kind.
Orbital movement. There is a proposition to replace the notion of "trajectory" for the notion of "orbit". This implies the replacement of a linear conception of one's own life for a "circular" understanding of movement in life and work. Circular movement is endless and does not imply an
external goal but is rather fueled by immanency. The only reason to move is to continue moving regardless of the external position of power one occupies. The idea is to avoid establishing oneself as an artist or to stagnate in static positions.
Interview with Juan Dominguez from Tanznacht Berlin on Vimeo.
Affirmation and mutual encouragement
It is crucial not to be moved by resentment or frustration, otherwise the movements are a consequence of a denial and produce even more negativity. Courage is needed to venture oneself through the paths wholeheartedly, keeping intact the immanent driving forces to do what we do: to trust the reasons we give ourselves to do what we do. Courage to move from affirmation and courage to affirm what we do and to believe in the intrinsic value that it has. However, there is a risk on the excess of self assurance: it can potentially lead the artist to the isolation of an ivory tower: the artist becomes a self sufficient body that does not need to dialogue with


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Emotional Intelligence-Mastering the other IQ
Research by the Carnegie Institute concluded: "15% of success is technical skills - 85% is people skills." Emotional Intelligence is all about people skills - how well you know yourself and your emotions and how well you read and interact with others and their emotions. Learn about how the brain, the body and emotions affect each other, and then how to better manage your own emotions and the emotions of others so you can have clearer, more accurate communications that create cooperation and collaboration in the workplace.
Each participant will complete an emotional intelligence assessment in class and will receive access to the online version of the assessment to complete in six months to measure their progress. This assessment reflects one's style or approach to emotions. Participants will also complete an assessment that will help them determine specific skills areas to develop for a higher EQ.
Also included in this session:
- The Five Domains of Emotional Intelligence
- 54 Characteristics of high and low emotional intelligence
- Tools for increasing emotional intelligence
- Practice in identifying emotions in others
Instructor: Patricia Clason is a communicator of the highest skill. She has been a professional speaker, trainer, consultant and writer for thirty years, doing over 4,000 presentations internationally. As the Director of the Center for Creative Learning, her focus is on alternative methods of teaching and learning that produce high quality results. As adjunct faculty at three universities, she specializes in emotional intelligence, ethics, coaching, leadership and mediation/conflict resolution. Patricia's latest book "Speaking of Success" co-authored with Stephen Covey, Jack Canfield and Ken Blanchard, is now available at her website: _URL_.
or Call to Register at _PHONE_


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Werner, J. (2020). The effect of reading literary fiction on theory of mind. The Young Researcher, 4 (1), 108-147.
Theory of Mind is the ability to make inferences about the mental states of others. A positive correlation was drawn between theory of mind and language. Studies have shown that reading literary fiction positively impacts Theory of Mind abilities in adults, but no research has delved into a focus on younger age groups. This study investigates whether reading literary fiction increases Theory of Mind abilities in children. A quasi experimental quantitative method was conducted using matched sampling. Paired T-tests were run to compare pre and post test scores. The results indicate that reading literary fiction may cause an increase in children's Theory of Mind abilities at least temporarily, emulating the effect it has in adults. This research is of relevance to the recent debates on the inclusion of fiction in school curriculums and emotional intelligence in business. Further research should be conducted to ensure a more representative population is tested; these findings can be used to inform future work in this area.
Keywords: Affective Theory of Mind (Theory of Mind), Cognitive Theory of Mind (Theory of Mind), literary fiction, emotional intelligence.


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Today, most of the Premium websites online are subscription based. You have to pay them monthly or annually for their services. But many of us would like to save some money and share the costs of the premium services like Netflix, Hulu, etc.
This would require sharing logins with other people whom you may or may not trust. But don't worry, today I have a tool which allows you to share accounts with others without giving them the password.
AccessURL – Share access to websites without giving away your username and password.
AccessURL is a tool which helps you to share your logins to anyone for a specified period through cookies. They do not rely on passwords and usernames.
You can use this to provide temporary access to anyone to your accounts. It works with Facebook, Netflix, Hulu, Twitter, etc.
They do not store your passwords on their servers, so you don't have to worry about hackers and password leaks. Additionally, they encrypt the session data with AES encryption algorithm before sharing the logins.
How Does AccessURL Work?
Whenever you log into a Website, a cookie is generated by them. This cookie is stored on your browser to log in afterward without a password.
AccessURL stores this cookie from the website. Then it encrypts it using Advanced Encryption Algorithm (AES).
After you specify the period, they generate a link which you will share with anyone who needs the access.
For accessing the website, the user should have the AccessURL Extension installed on their browser.
Steps for creating AccessURL
- Install AccessURL Extension for Chrome or Firefox.
- Create an Account here.
- Sign in to the website for which you want to create an AccessURL.
- Click on the AccessURL Button in the Toolbar.
- Select a time for expiration of the URL
- Click on Generate AccessURL
- Now the AccessURL will be generated, click on Copy AccessURL to copy it and share it with your Friends!
Note: If you log out of anywhere, other users will not be able to access the website using your AccessURL.
This was the method to share logins with anyone without sharing the passwords and risking your accounts.
This method can be used in many scenarios like office work, troubleshooting, etc.
You should always share your AccessURL with trusted people only and be aware of setting the right expiration date.
If you notice any unusual activity in your account, just log out of it, and no one will be able to access it through the link anymore.
If you have any queries, do tell them in the comments below, share it with your friends if you liked it :).


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|Sea Aster||Daisy family|
|Aster tripolium||Asteraceae (Compositae)|
Sea Aster grows in saltmarshes and around the coastlines of Britain.
The flower occurs in two forms: usually it has purple ray florets, but plants nearer the water
may only have the yellow disc florets.
This plant was grown in gardens before the introduction of Michaelmas Daisy, a similar plant that has now also established itself in the wild.
|Flower without ray florets|


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اهمیت جانبیMNC، نقش تعبیه داخلی چیست؟
|کد مقاله||سال انتشار||مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی||تعداد کلمات|
|11510||2011||12 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید||8079 کلمه|
Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : International Business Review, Volume 20, Issue 2, April 2011, Pages 151–162
This paper addresses the issue of how a subsidiary's internal and external embeddedness interact in generating the importance of the subsidiary vis-à-vis the MNC as a whole. We take previous findings of the positive impact of external embeddedness on a subsidiary's importance as our starting point and consider two questions: (a) how does the internal embeddedness of a subsidiary affect its organisational importance, and (b) how do a subsidiary's internal and external embeddedness interact in generating organisational importance? We test hypotheses reflecting these questions on data from 97 foreign subsidiaries belonging to Swedish multinationals. We find that internal embeddedness is negatively related to a subsidiary's importance to product development but unrelated to its importance to production development. We also find that internal embeddedness dilutes the positive impact of external embeddedness on a subsidiary's importance to production development. We discuss the findings in the light of the extant literature and consider implications for future research and MNC managers.
A significant development in the multinational corporation (MNC) subsidiary literature is the detailed investigation of the role of business networks in subsidiary development and impact in MNCs (Andersson and Forsgren, 2000, Andersson et al., 2002, Andersson et al., 2007, Forsgren et al., 2005, Ghauri, 1992 and Holm and Pedersen, 2000). One issue that these studies have investigated relates to the 'organisational performance' of the subsidiary within the MNC of which it is a member. By 'organisational performance' of a subsidiary, we mean, following Andersson, Forsgren, and Pederson (2001), the impact of the subsidiary on the rest of the MNC through its knowledge development and knowledge sharing activities. One particular manifestation of the 'impact' of the subsidiary within the MNC is the importance that other units in the organisation, and particularly the headquarters (HQ), attach to the subsidiary insomuch as it is of use to them as a source of knowledge or capability. Business network studies have shown that subsidiary importance is a robust construct and reflects the subsidiary's potential to contribute to technological and market development in the MNC ( Andersson et al., 2002) and is a key source of its bargaining strength (see, in particular, Andersson et al., 2007). Thus, for example, the basis of a subsidiary's status as a 'centre of excellence' within the MNC is the recognition by HQ that the subsidiary has gained expertise or capability in a particular function or activity of potential value to other units in the organisation ( Andersson & Forsgren, 2000). A subsidiary's importance to production or product development has been shown to be strongly linked to its 'embeddedness' in networks of business relationships between the subsidiary and a (small) number of customers and suppliers. While a subsidiary's business partners could be either sister affiliates in the MNC or external business organisations, most of the attention has been paid to subsidiaries' business relations with external business organisations and to the impact of such relationships on the MNCs. With rare exceptions (Garcia-Pont et al., 2009 and Schmid and Schuring, 2003) internal subsidiary embeddedness has not been the focus of empirical investigation. Most empirical studies have only included measures/indicators of external business embeddedness in their analyses. However, subsidiaries are clearly simultaneously embedded in both external and internal networks (Forsgren et al., 2005). Even though the degree or 'depth' of internal embeddedness may be less than that of the external embeddedness, it is unlikely to be zero (Holm and Pedersen, 2000 and Yamin, 2005). An important question in this context is, given that a subsidiary's external network embeddedness enhances its importance to the MNC's competence development, does the subsidiary's internal embeddedness reinforce or dilute this effect? This paper addresses the issue of how a subsidiary's internal and external embeddedness interact in generating the technological importance of the subsidiary vis-à-vis the MNC as a whole. We take previous studies' findings relating to the positive impact of external embeddedness on a subsidiary's organisational importance as our starting point and ask two research questions: (a) how does the internal embeddedness of a subsidiary affect its organisational importance, and (b) how do a subsidiary's internal and external embeddedness interact in generating organisational importance? In Section 2 we consider the distinctive features of the internal and external embeddedness of subsidiaries. In Section 3 we develop hypotheses relating to the impact of internal embeddedness on subsidiary importance and also with regard to the interaction between internal and external embeddedness in terms of a subsidiary's importance. Section 4 explains the methodology and data source utilised in this study and in Section 5 we discuss our findings.
نتیجه گیری انگلیسی
This paper has addressed a hitherto neglected issue in the MNC subsidiary literature, namely the effects of internal business embeddedness on a subsidiary's organisational performance. Prior literature has not fully addressed how internal embeddedness may be distinctive in terms of its effect on key subsidiary roles, such as knowledge development. Current discussion of this issue has been of a rather general and conceptual character, with very limited empirical investigation of the effect of a subsidiary's internal embeddedness on its competence or capability development. The recent study by Garcia-Pont et al. (2009) does empirically investigate the impact of internal embeddedness on the subsidiary but its focus is not the subsidiary's importance but a different, though potentially related outcome, namely the subsidiary's 'distinctiveness'. Moreover, Garcia-Pont et al. (2009) do not appear to shed any light on how internal and external embeddedness interact in generating outcomes for the subsidiary. Our aim, by comparison, has been to specifically build on existing studies which have demonstrated a significant and robust connection between external embeddedness and a subsidiary's importance for production and product development in the MNC of which it is a part. Specifically, we have investigated (1) whether a subsidiary's internal embeddedness has any effects on its importance, once we control for the level of external embeddedness, and other subsidiary characteristics that could potentially affect its importance; and (2) whether and how internal embeddedness may interact with external embeddedness in generating a subsidiary's importance. Overall our study confirms the extant knowledge in that external embeddedness is shown to have pre-eminence in generating a subsidiary's competence in both production and product development. However the finding that internal embeddedness negatively impacts a subsidiary's importance for product development and, especially, the finding of a negative interaction effect on a subsidiary's importance for production development, suggests that the extant studies' near–exclusive focus on external embeddedness is unwarranted. Our study makes an important contribution by carefully delineating why internal embeddedness may be distinctive in terms of its impact on a subsidiary's importance. A further contribution is to highlight the possibility that internal embeddedness may actually reduce the positive impact of external embeddedness on the subsidiary's importance. Our study strongly suggests that general propositions linking a subsidiary's embeddedness and its strategic capabilities that are based only on the consideration of external (or, of course, only of internal) embeddedness, should be regarded with caution if not scepticism. It is surely necessary that propositions about subsidiary capabilities are based on a more holistic view of the impacts of all of its networks. Data limitations do not allow us to further investigate the rationale behind the rather uneven pattern of results with respect to interaction effects. In particular it would be important to investigate further whether (and why) internal embeddedness reduces the positive effect of external embeddedness on a subsidiary's importance for production development but not for product development. The findings with respect to interactions are somewhat counter-intuitive, as it is more plausible for the interaction effect to be negative with respect to product development. So clearly there is scope for further theoretical and empirical investigation of the interactions between internal and external embeddedness. Another line of research could beneficially investigate the impact of a subsidiary's embeddedness on its corporate 'visibility' and, specifically, whether the internal embeddedness does in fact enhance corporate 'visibility' more than external embeddedness. This would enrich our understanding of the process through which a subsidiary's importance may be gained, enhanced or damaged. In terms of practitioner implications, we note that a subsidiary's importance is, ultimately, 'useful' to it as the basis for it gaining influence on strategy within the MNC (Andersson et al., 2007). From this perspective, our findings suggest that in the struggle to gain influence, a subsidiary's technical and organisational capabilities may be more important than its involvement in internal MNC networks and hence its corporate 'visibility'. Thus a subsidiary's capabilities may well attract the attention of HQ (Bouquet & Birkinshaw, 2008) even if it is not very 'visible' in terms of a high degree of internal corporate networking activity. Our findings imply that simultaneously benefitting from internal and external embeddedness may prove to be a tough balancing act and thus be managerially challenging. Managers may prudently reflect on the double-edged nature of corporate visibility: enhanced visibility without superior or perhaps even 'average' competence levels may well weaken the position of the subsidiary in the internal competition for resources


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Wondering why your grandfather Leib changed his name to Louis? or Aunt Blima was known as Rose?
My grandmother began life as Chaya Feiga, adopted Birdie and then Bertie as a young schoolgirl and was later known as Bertha. In Yiddish, Feiga means a bird, thus the connection to Birdie, Bertie and the more sophisticated -- for the times -- Bertha, is obvious.
In the large Persian community in Los Angeles -- so large that the city is called Irangeles or Tehrangeles -- Feridoun, Faramarz, Farid, Farajollah, Farhad, Farshid and other first names beginning with "F" are, in many cases, now simply Fred!
The New York Times had an interesting article, "As American as Vartan," about name changes among immigrants.
For a good look at how Jewish given names have changed as families immigrated to many countries, go to JewishGen's Given Name Database, compiled by Dr. Jerry Esterson.


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The origins of the National University of Lesotho go back to April 8, 1945, when a Catholic University College was founded at Roma by the Roman Catholic Hierarchy of Southern Africa. The establishment of this College was a realisation of a decision taken in 1938 by the Synod of Catholic Bishops in South Africa to provide African Catholic students with post-matriculation and religious guidance.
The South African Government had declared its intention not to admit African students from outside South Africa into the University of Fort Hare, and the Natal Medical School (Wentworth) after December 31, 1953. Although this ban was relaxed for Basutoland students until 1958, the writing was on the wall.
National University of Lesotho Established in 1954 as the nucleus collection of the former PiusXIICollege, the Library moved to the current building that was constructed in 1964. The Library building was named after Thomas Mofolo when it became NUL Library.
National University of Lesotho Contact Details
Adventist University of Africa
Private Bag Mbagathi, 00503 Nairobi, Kenya
Telephone: (254) 20-_PHONE_, (254) 20-_PHONE_
National University of Lesotho Official Website: _URL_


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During drilling operations, rock-bit interactions may cause a wide range of undesirable system vibrations. The induced vibrations subsequently reduce drilling efficiency and increase fatigue loads acting on drill bit. In this paper, a coupled torsional and axial drilling model is proposed. It can be used to predict the vibrations including bit bounce and stick-slip. Instead of using finite element (FEM) approach, the drill pipe is accurately modeled based on wave propagation theory. This results in time-delay equations in time domain and significantly reduces the computational complexity associated with FEM. The axial and torsional motions are coupled by bit-rock interactions. Different rock-bit interaction conditions are considered based on bit rotation and contact with formation. Simulations are conducted using the proposed model to analyze the impact of different applied weights on bit and surface rotary speeds on the system vibrations. This information provides insights into optimization of drilling operation.
- Dynamic Systems and Control Division
Modeling of Coupled Axial and Torsional Motions of a Drilling System
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Ma, Z, & Chen, D. "Modeling of Coupled Axial and Torsional Motions of a Drilling System." Proceedings of the ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. Volume 2: Diagnostics and Detection; Drilling; Dynamics and Control of Wind Energy Systems; Energy Harvesting; Estimation and Identification; Flexible and Smart Structure Control; Fuels Cells/Energy Storage; Human Robot Interaction; HVAC Building Energy Management; Industrial Applications; Intelligent Transportation Systems; Manufacturing; Mechatronics; Modelling and Validation; Motion and Vibration Control Applications. Columbus, Ohio, USA. October 28–30, 2015. V002T20A005. ASME. _URL_
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- How to Carve a Shell
Learn how to lay out and carve an 18th-century-style fan
- Applied carving
A traditional and useful technique, applied carving makes it easier to get a smooth background than carving done "in the solid," where you have to lower the background...
- Dress Up your Furniture with Surface Carving
Walk past a piece of furniture with surface carving, and the light dances on and off the carved surface, creating highlights and shadows that are in motion from...
- Carve a Shell on a Cabriole Leg
Though it seems intimidating, carving is easier than you might think—this shell carving on a cabriole knee is a good example. Based on the ones found in Pennsylvania,...
- Carvings Cap an Impressive Chest
- Tale of a Tea Table Top
The top of this tea table appears to have a mitered, scalloped frame but is actually a solid piece of carved mahogany. How does period furniture maker Allan Breed...
- Carve a Decorative Fan
The visual centerpiece of Phil Lowe's Queen Anne lowboy is this carved fan, which decorates the bottom center drawer. This motif was a popular element for this...
- Man or Machine?
The unique work of Duncan Gowdy shows landscapes in wood that are so complex and consistent that it would be easy to assume they were carved with a CNC router or...
- Pro Portfolio: Carving toward Home
Duncan Gowdy carves a powerful sense of place into his furniture
- Woodworking Specialties
Online resources for boatbuilding, carving, turning, and crafting instruments
- Video: How to Sharpen Woodcarving Tools
This excerpt from the new Taunton DVD, Woodcarving Basics, shows how to make gouges and V-tools razor sharp.
- How They Did It: Shaped to Perfection
See how he creates undulating forms without touching a lathe
- Video: Learn to Turn Barley-Twist Candlesticks
Find out how to lay out, carve, and smooth this distinctive open-twist shape
- Carve a Rosette
Period furniture maker Tony Kubalak takes the intimidation out of carving in this Master Class article on crafting a rosette. Carving is as much a science as an...
- The Totem Pole Art of Tommy Josephs
Modern themes and traditional carving methods keep cultural identity alive in Alaska


Reprinted from The Blood Type Diet Website (
Green Bean Casserole
This is a healthier version of the condensed-soup casserole popular at Thanksgiving.
 - 1 pound fresh or frozen cut green beans or 2 cans cut green beans
 - 1 tablespoon butter or ghee
 - 2 tablespoons arrowroot, spelt, oat or rice flour
 - 2 cups rice, nut, goat or cow's milk or 2 cups vegetable, chicken or turkey stock or broth
 - 1 cup sliced or diced mushrooms
 - 1-2 cloves garlic
 - 1 medium onion, diced
 - butter or ghee and olive oil for sauteing
 - chopped fresh or dried thyme or marjoram
 - 3-4 slices turkey bacon, fried and chopped (optional)
How to make it:
 1. Preheat oven to 375F.
 2. Blanch the fresh green beans by dipping them in boiling water for about 30 seconds, then put them in ice water to stop the cooking process. When they are cool, dry them and set aside. (You can also thaw out some frozen beans instead, or open and drain two cans of cut green beans.)
 3. Make a roux by melting the tablespoon of butter or ghee in a saucepan. Add the two tablespoons of flour into the melted butter, stirring to a smooth paste. If it starts to brown, let it get to a golden brown color before SLOWLY adding the milk or broth, stirring constantly to dissolve any lumps.
 4. Bring to a simmer. Once the milk or broth is thickened, set aside.
 5. In a skillet melt some ghee and mix it with a bit of olive oil. Saute 1 cup mushrooms, sliced or diced, 1-2 cloves garlic, minced, and 1 medium onion, diced, in the ghee/oil mixture, until the onions and garlic are translucent and the mushrooms start to release their juices.
 6. Add the mushrooms, garlic and onions to the thickened milk broth mixture and stir together. Season if desired.
 7. Put the dried blanched or thawed green beans into a 2-quart casserole dish. Sprinkle with some chopped fresh or dried thyme or marjoram. Pour the sauce over the beans and stir together. Bake for 30 minutes.
 8. If you wish you may add in chopped pan-fried turkey bacon, or put some on top to replace the french-fried onions.


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Why Cities are Better for Watersheds than Suburbs
Development necessarily creates giant swaths of constructed areas that have no unifying ecosystem. It also disturbs existing natural areas that are part of the natural cycling of water, minerals, chemicals, plants and animals. Yet despite these complications, density is valuable in terms of impact mitigation on a per-person basis, as least as far as pollutant loading and watershed health is concerned.
We're used to thinking about pollutant loading on a per acre basis, so considering it on a per capita basis is a readjustment. It's quickly easy to see its value, though. Density, measured in dwelling units per acre (DUA), creates more impervious coverage per acre, and greater impervious coverage increases pollutant runoff — therefore pollutant loading per acre will be higher in very dense areas than in equivalent low-density developments. However, because there are more people in the same development footprint in a high density area, imperviousness is divided up among many, many people, lowering the overall pollutant loading per person. Per capita imperviousness decreases as density increases.
Impervious surface area is so important because it is the "best indicator for watershed health in general and for stream water quality in particular is the amount of impervious cover in a watershed… Polluted stormwater moving over impervious surfaces has no opportunity for infiltration into the soil, and thus remains polluted. Both runoff volume and pollutant concentration rise as imperviousness increases." Watersheds are very sensitive systems. Just 10 percent impervious cover – achieved by as few as one house every two acres — "markedly" impacts stream quality, and 25 percent impervious cover is enough to seriously degrade water quality and stream health.
All this suggests that density should be considered a best management practice (BMP). And Manhattan-type densities aren't necessary to achieve significant reductions in per capita pollutant loading. Even a twofold increase in density can reduce pollutant loading by 20% compared to low-density suburban developments. This is achievable with single-family or townhome style dwellings.
Dense development is one way to reduce per capita pollutant runoff on watersheds. How can landscape design solutions help further? By applying the same principles of open, undeveloped space, a partially exposed rain garden that extends underground or simple suspended pavement will work. These space-conscious solutions manage stormwater on-site, preventing the runoff that damages receiving waters with pollution, higher temperatures, and exaggerated peak flows. These solutions are also invisible once construction is complete, and are ideal for cities and other mostly-impervious areas like plazas, parking lots or parking lanes. As opposed to tanks or pipes that simply contain water, soils and trees actually process it – removing or containing contaminants and preventing re-entry into the groundwater and atmosphere.
Cities are heavily paved. This is part of their essential nature. Despite this plentitude of imperviousness, they are actually the better option in terms of reducing the impact on sensitive watersheds. High-density areas reduce pollutant loading on a per capita basis, acting as a truer indicator of damage to receiving waters than low-density areas. We remain far away from solutions that enable cities to function substantially more like undeveloped areas, but we do have some solutions to improve their ecological utility. Street trees, bioswales, and underground raingardens can play an important role in managing pollutant loading in urban areas.
For more information on this, read "Watersheds, Walkability and Stormwater: The Role of Density," By John S. Jacob.
Sustainable Cities Collective