text:
BPSA British Columbia
Essence of scouting
|Return to Home Page||
by John Kennaugh
Mr Twine says. "There also seems to be a greater desire among the Scouts themselves to get on with activities, rather than spending time collecting wood, building up and starting a fire, when they could just turn a tap on a propane cylinder." The Scout Association has moved away from BP's legacy for what it believes are good reasons however I would like to look at what BP's version of Scouting was and why it worked.
As a species we evolved and for most of history lived in small groups. There was no social gulf between adults and children as there is today. No separate culture. Children helped out as soon as they were able. They were included in adult social gatherings. They learned the skills of the tribe and gained status and respect as useful members of the tribe as they honed their skills. Scouting is based on that same model of a community and at its best adults and children play the game of Scouting together based on mutual respect.
The skills BP instinctively identified as Scouting skills were based on the skills of our ancestors, making camp, putting up a shelter, cooking over a fire, exploring our surroundings without getting lost, learning about the natural world and how to use what it provides, constructing things with pieces of tree and rope, tracking, and finally gathering socially around a fire. Things which are part of our natural heritage which our brief period being 'civilised' has not had time to erase and which, without our knowing it we miss. Old fashioned pursuits? Yes about 4 million years 'old fashioned'. Touching the spirits of our ancestors perhaps. Being part of a more natural social group than our modern complex society. Indulging in the natural play patterns of the man cub.
Rubbish you might say. I don't think so. Why do perfectly sane people abandon a modern fully equipped kitchen and light a BBQ at the bottom of their gardens? It is not a logical thing to do but it is a natural thing to do.
Scouting skills represented a different and separate set of skills/values to those of everyday life. When I was at school my playground status was rock bottom. The pecking order in the playground depended on how good you were at football (among other things some less savoury). Scouting had an entirely different set of values. The skills required to be a good Scout required practice and dedication rather than natural aptitude. In the BP scheme a 'Scouting skill' was a special skill you needed, and frequently used, when Scouting, when doing Scouting activities. You took pride in that skill, you tried to hone that skill and your status as a Scout depended on it. A badge showed what skills you had mastered and could, when asked, reproduce, and teach others.
As far as I am concerned the traditional Scouting skills are underrated and devalued by those who never mastered them and can't be bothered to try. I personally have always found them exceedingly useful. We have had a bumper crop of beans this year and my square lashings are holding up very well although at one point the whole thing was getting top heavy due to a bumper crop so despite the cross bracing I had to add some guy lines. I had to fetch a motorbike from Bodmin on a trailer and there was nothing but my roping skills between me an a very expensive disaster. I had a pleasant week camping in a wood. I could get a kettle of water boiling quicker starting from scratch and lighting a fire than using the gas cooker I took. If I only wanted enough water for one cup of coffee the cooker won but then there was no fire to sit by while I drank it. By importing into Scouting every aspect of modern life, the values inside Scouting become identical to those outside of Scouting. It ceases therefore to be a natural alternative to the artificiality of everyday life and it ceases to be somewhere young people who don't fit in can take refuge and be equal to the rest. Some of the best Scouts I have known have, in one sense or another, been misfits outside of Scouting. It was Scouting which gave them self respect. Now there is very little which can be identified as a 'Scouting skill' and those few which remain are being sidelined. If fires are out there is no point in using axes and saws. Scouting is 'keeping up with the times'.
Why cook on a fire when all you need is to turn a tap on a propane cylinder? Why stop at fires? Why use tents? If camp sites had decently equipped chalets or bunk houses your Scout troop wouldn't need to cart its own equipment around the countryside. It wouldn't actually need it in the first place, think of the time that would save. Arrive, dump your personal kit in the bunk house and you are instantly ready for the first activity of the day. What shall we say - building a raft perhaps - maybe not that requires skill and effort. Modern young people need something more instant than that besides there are grants available if you take the trouble to apply for them. Who wants to muck about with rafts? Why not get some decent modern canoes for example. If we are going to keep young people interested we need to be as well equipped and meet the same standards as professional activity providers don't we? On the other hand why bother. Why not leave it to the professional activity providers, they get paid for it? Why should we do it for nothing there seems to be plenty of money about and grants for those who can't afford it?
I though the reason we do it for nothing is because we are not simply unpaid activity providers, we are something different - Scouts.
Scout activities are different to those activity providers provide in that they are, or should be, aimed at building up and encouraging the above. Building a raft scores highly. It involves team work and planning. It requires skill and leadership. It allows older Scouts to demonstrate their skills and help the younger ones who are not as good. Cooking on a fire scores quite highly. There is a lot of skill involved and teamwork. It can result in considerable pride and satisfaction when done right. Abseiling scores zero but I wouldn't mind betting that it is one of the 'activities' Derek Twine has in mind that Scouts these days 'want to get on with'. The adventure in Scouting is not in being dangled from a rope over a cliff nor being taken to some spectacular mountain top with expert guides. The true adventure is finding oneself in the middle of open moorland with no adult to help and having to rely on ones own skills. Being trusted to take responsibility. Unfortunately the population as a whole, and a lot of adults in Scouting believe that trusting young people is being irresponsible. I agree with the District Commissioner who says "Train them! Trust them...and keep taking the pills". Trusting young people is scary but it is (or was) what we do in Scouting.
You sit around your damn computers if you like. I prefer sitting on a log, in a wood, by a fire, watching the sun go down and trying to tune in to what nature is up to around me. I have spent too much of my life sitting in front of a computer already and young people are condemned to spend much more of their lives so doing than I have. As for the idea of a computer base at camp :o( Me? I have never even liked taking tables and chairs. Scouting is going the way it is going. I wish it success but it is not my type of Scouting any more. I suspect that in 20 years time some bright spark will come up with this terrific new idea. "Let's junk all this high tech stuff, build a shelter in the woods and cook on a real fire".
For the record a wood fire is more environmentally friendly that a propane cooker.
(Editor's note: Derek Twine is the Chief Executive of the Scout Association in the UK, Mr. John Kennaugh is a former long time Scouter in the United Kingdom. BP refers to Sir Robert Baden-Powell, later Lord Baden-Powell of Gilwell)
© 2003 John Kennaugh. Used with permission.
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A Phonetics Workbook for Students Building a Foundation for Transcription, by Harbers, Heidi M.
Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
- ISBN: 9780132825580 | _PHONE_
- Cover: Workbook
- Copyright: 7/31/2012
Understanding how sounds form-and how sounds combine to create wordsis imperative to learning how to transcribe speech phonetically. Taking a "meta" approach, A Phonetics Workbook for Studentsby Heidi Harbers prepares students to transcribe speech phonetically by helping them become aware of the sounds of English phonology. Following a systematic, learning-friendly organization, chapter's progress from awareness of sounds, to articulatory phonetics and IPA symbols, to transcription. Unlike other workbooks, its exercises are varied and challenging and develop both foundational and critical thinking skills. By teaching students how to develop both an ear and eye for phonetics, the workbook provides a superior foundation from which transcription skills can develop.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Crushing fresh potatoes results in the grains of starch being separated from the damaged cells, which is the first step in the production of potato starch. After that, the starch is washed and let aside to dry. When it is completely dry, potato starch takes on the appearance of a fine, flour-like powder.
How do you make potato starch at home?
Make a paper cone by rolling a sheet of paper into a cone and then sticking it into the neck of a tiny glass jar, like a spice jar. After the potato starch has been poured into the jar, the paper lid should be removed and the jar should then be sealed. Store the jar in a cool, dry location with the lid on firmly.
What is potatoes starch?
The smashed potatoes are then processed to remove the starch. The smashed potatoes are rinsed to remove the starch, and then they are dried. Because of its absence of taste and impressive potential for thickening, it is very coveted in the food sector. Even just one teaspoon (12 grams) of potato starch has four benefits, including:
What is potassium potassium starch?
The starch that may be found in potatoes is called potato starch.Potatoes are edible tubers that are produced by the potato plant (Solanum tuberosum), which is a member of the nightshade family.Potatoes are more popularly known as potatoes.It may come as a surprise to find potato starch or potato flour listed as an ingredient in the following products if you carefully study the ingredient labels:
Can you use potato starch as a thickener?
If you are thickening a hot liquid using potato starch, it is essential to avoid bringing the liquid to a boil.Doing so will make it more difficult for the liquid to reach the desired consistency after being thickened.You may bake with it if you add it to warm water beforehand, but make sure not to let it boil.The following are some nutritious recipes for resistant starch that contain potato starch as an ingredient.


text:
In this Guide:
On this page:
- Revision Post-1912-current
- Signature Requirements for Petitions - Initiated Constitutional Amendment vs. Initiated Statute
On other pages in this guide:
- Table of Proposed Constitutional Amendments 1857-current
- 1912 Constitutional Revision
- Pre-1912 Revision
- Statistical Tables of amendments proposed and adopted
- Constitutional Revision Commission _PHONE_
- Ohio Constitutional Modernization Commission 2011-2021
Photo on Flickr. Woman collecting petition signatures in Ohio.
Constitutional Revision in Ohio
Ways to Amend the Ohio Constitution:
Currently, outside of a constitutional convention, there are two basic ways to amend the Ohio Constitution:
- Initiative Petition by Person(s), Ohio Constitution: Article II, Section 1a, Article II, Section 1g; ORC Ch. 3519 and
- Initiative by the General Assembly.Ohio Constitution, proposed by 60% of both houses of the legislature.
Before 1912, the Initiative Petition originated by a person did not exist.
See Procedures for Statewide Ballot Issues on the Ohio Secretary of State's page.
In the 1970s, the legislature created a Constitutional Revision Commission in order to recommend constitutional amendments to the legislature. HB 188, establishes a new Constitutional Modernization Commission, which would make recommendations to the General Assembly as to Constitutional revision. The new commission expires in 2021.
For annual information on constitutional revision in all states, see Council of State Governments, Book of the States.
Sampson, Sara A., "Researching Initiatives and Referenda, A Guide for Ohio", Legal Reference Services Quarterly,,Vol. 26, Issue 3/4 (2007). Full text available from InformaWorld
Women's Sufferage was a ballot issue in 1914. (Photo: Library of Congress)
Currently Before Ohio Voters
Revision Post-1912 to Current
In a nutshell, a person desiring to amend the Ohio Constitution first presents their initiative petition to the Ohio Attorney General. Once the Ohio Attorney General certifies it, the Ohio Ballot Board must certify it contains only one amendment. The petitioner then gathers signatures and the Ohio Secretary of State determines whether the signatures are sufficient to have the iniative petition put on the ballot. The amendment must be approved by a majority of Ohio voters.
Signature Requirements for Petitions - Initiated Constitutional Amendment v. Initiated Statute
Signature Requirements for Petitions
|Initiated Constitutional Amendment||Initiated Statute|
|Initial Filing||1,000 signatures||1,000 signatures|
(10%) of the total vote cast for the office of governor at the last gubernatorial election. Ohio Constitution: Article II, Section 1a
signatures from at least 44 of the 88 counties in Ohio. From each of these 44 counties, there must be signatures equal to at least five percent (5%) of the total vote cast for the office of governor in that county at the last gubernatorial election. Article II, Section 1g
(3%) of the total vote cast for the office of governor at the last gubernatorial election Ohio Constitution:
signatures from at least 44 of the 88 counties in Ohio. From each of these 44 counties, there must be signatures equal to at least one and five tenths percent (1.5%) of the total vote cast for the office of governor in that county at the last gubernatorial election. Article II, Section 1g


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A team of researchers from US-based biosensor company SiPhox, alongside those from various US academic institutions, has used porous silicon (PSi) interferometer sensors to demonstrate the high contrast probe cleavage detection (HCPCD) mechanism.
The study, published on the preprint server bioRxiv, is the first of its kind, and acts as a "proof of principle" experiment, supporting the use of HCPCD as a sensitive and relatively low-cost method of providing point-of-care read-outs for a wide variety of diagnostic assays. This demonstration of the potential for HCPCD as a disposable point-of-care nucleic acid testing kit will likely be significant in the future management of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
A Need for New Tests to Help Manage the Pandemic
The scientific community is under pressure to make breakthroughs in nucleic acid testing to address the current need for COVID-19 tests and prepare the world for possible future pandemics.
Assays available for pathogen nucleic acid diagnostics have the drawback of needing to amplify the amount of ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the target pathogen to be sensitive enough to detect the presence of the virus. These amplification processes are costly and time-consuming.
While photonic and plasmonic biosensing platforms offer a method of early-stage detection, they risk returning false negatives in the case where the level of viral RNA in the sample falls short of the sensor detection limit. These limits are defined by the number of molecules required to be captured for the sensor to detect them apart from the noise.
As new pathogens become more prevalent, developing new tests to address specific targets may take up to a year. As a result, scientists have explored how other methods can be developed to meet the need for accurate, sensitive, and rapid pathogen testing.
Previously, simulations have highlighted the potential of high contrast probe cleavage detection (HCPCD) as a sensitive diagnostic tool based on extracting probes from the photonic biosensor's surface.
Validating the Potential Diagnostic Applications of HCPCD
The researchers conducted DNase enzyme sensing experiments to confirm the ability of HCPCD to detect RNA and DNA, hence supporting its potential application in diagnostic testing. They made use of a porous silicon (PSi) interferometric sensor combined with high-contrast ds-DNA-quantum dots (Qdot) or low-index ds-DNA-fluorescein (FAM) probes.
The results demonstrated that while the attachment of Qdots achieved signal amplification and electrokinetic focusing, the approach was not suited to real-time diagnostics. On the other hand, HCPCD detection enhanced PSi sensors' sensitivity, highlighting the possibility of implementing HCPCD detection on silicon-based optical sensors. This would achieve the required sensitivity for a new pathogen nucleic acid diagnostic test and highlight the need for additional amplification methods.
Combining Psi Interferometer Sensors with HCPCD
In their paper, the project researchers outline the principle behind the technology. In the study, single layer PSi interferometers were used, which work on the thin film interference principle. The reflected light from the top and bottom interfaces of the sensor's PSi layer interact, causing Fabry-Perot reflectance fringes. The positions of these fringes, as well as the periodicity of the interferometric pattern, are both a result of the PSi film's adequate optical thickness.
Given that the wavelength of light is larger than the average pore diameter, scientists can use a valuable medium approximation to estimate the Psi film's effective refractive index. Additionally, the chosen pore size is larger than the molecular target as well as the molecules of the surface functionalization process, allowing the large surface area to absorb the molecules. Once the molecules infiltrate the porous material's pores, this causes the effective refractive index of the PSi layer to increase and the fringes to redshift. By removing these molecules from the pores, the effective refractive index of PSi decreases, and the fringes blueshift.
Using HCPCD detection, the researchers first functionalized a PSi interferometer with high-index biotin-dsDNA-Qdot probes, resulting in a redshift of the reflectance fringes. Using an enzyme to cleave the DNA, the Qdots were removed, causing the fringes to blueshift. The reflectance shifts are directly proportional to the levels of the materials entering or exiting the pores, offering a method of optical readout that is both sensitive and quantitative.
Read the original article on AZoNano.


Consider a steam turbine in which steam enters at 10.45 MPa and 780 K with a
flow rate of 38.739 kg/s. A portion of the steam is extracted from the turbine after
partial expansion at three different locations as shown in the sketch. The mass
flow rates, temperature and pressures at each extraction are given in the following
table (note at extraction 3, there is saturated liquid+vapor mixture). The remaining
wet steam exits the turbine at 11.5 kPa with a quality of 0.88. Estimate the power
produced by the turbine assuming adiabatic operation and negligible kinetic and
potential energies.
extraction location 1: mass flow rate=4.343kg/s, P=3.054MPa, T=620K
extraction location 2: mass flow rate=4.345kg/s, P=0.332MPa, T=482K
extraction location 3: mass flow rate=2.871kg/s, P=0.136MPa, x=.949
*there is an inlet, 3 extraction points, and an exit. Partially confused on if you can assume this is not steady state. I have begun to use the change in enegry of a system equation, but am kind of stuck after I start to find my unknowns.


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Electron-stimulated oxygen adsorption on the surface of metals and semiconductors
O.G. Ashkhotov, I.B. Ashkhotova, M.A. Aleroev, D.A. Krimshokalova
Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russia
Abstract: The phenomenon of electron-stimulated adsorption occurs in almost all devices where electron emission is used. Electron-stimulated adsorption can have a significant effect on the state of the adsorbed layer. This review presents typical results obtained in the study of electronically stimulated processes of the oxygen adsorption from a gas phase and the main patterns of changes in the surface structure caused by electron-stimulated adsorption.
Keywords: spectroscopy, surface, electrons, radiation, dissociation, migration, adsorption, desorption, experiments, exposure.
Ashkhotov, O.G. Electron-stimulated oxygen adsorption on the surface of metals and semiconductors / O.G. Ashkhotov, I.B. Ashkhotova, M.A. Aleroev et al. // Physical and chemical aspects of the study of clusters, nanostructures and nanomaterials: Interuniversity collection of proceedings / Ed. by V.M. Samsonov, N.Yu. Sdobnyakov. – Tver: TSU, 2019. – I. 11. – P. 26-39.
Full text (in Russian): download PDF file


text:
1. Demonstrate in detail the key systemic clinical examination procedures.
2. Assess your own competence at performing the paediatric clinical examination.
Examination of the Cardiovascular System
|Published: May 3, 2011|
|Revised: January 25, 2012|
This multimedia-based module is part of a series designed for medical students to assist in preparation for clinical examinations in paediatrics. This module explores the examination of the cardiovascular system for children.
This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within University of Ghana prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.
Authors: Prof J. Welbeck, Prof. J. O. Oliver-Comey, Prof. B. Goka, Prof. O. Rodrigues, Dr. E. Badoe, Dr. C. Enweronu-Laryea, Dr. C. Oduro-Boatey, Dr. L. Renner, Prof. Richard M. K. Adanu, Chris Andrew Yebuah
Institution: University of Ghana

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Compression Test
The Performance Shop
 - £7200 (inc. VAT)
Compression Test
Compression/Health Test.
(Compression Tests have to be conducted at our Workshop, please don't order product, message for appointment)
One way of determining the heath of a Rotary engine is to conduct a "Compression" test. Done correctly this will give you a good indication of general condition of each Rotor's Apex, Side and Corner Seals. It will be necessary to "Normalise" results to a Crank speed of 250 rpm. It would be extremely rare for the engine to crank at that exact speed.
(The engine must be at normal operating temperature)
1. Remove the Leading spark-plug on each Rotor. (Disconnect Crank Case Sensor).
2. With the throttle wide open, crank engine to clear out any liquid or contaminates in the rotor housings.
3. Connect up Calibration Equipment.
4. Screw the calibrated pressure Transducers into the leading spark plug hole on each rotor housing.
4. Crank engine with throttle wide open and the clutch pedal fully down.
5. Using the Laptop record output from measurement equipment.
6. Convert readings into required figures.
7. Normalise results for 250rpm.
8. Record actual "Compression Test Results" (see below).
9. Print Customer Hardcopy.
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Quick Answer: How To Become A Theatrical Director?
How do you become a Theatre director?
Most theatre directors hold a bachelor's degree in theatre production or a related field of media arts, which can lead to a master's program in directing and an entry-level position in the field, such as assistant director.
How much does a Theatre director get paid?
What does a theatrical director do?
As the primary visionary and unifying force behind a theatrical production, the director is responsible for shaping every aspect of the final performance —from the actors' performances to the setting and design choices.
What makes a good Theatre director?
Directors, they believe, have control and vision and authority. They choose the plays, the actors and the designers. They are central to the creative process of the theatre but never have to write a play, act a part or sweep a stage; they have the perfect job.
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How hard is it to become a Theatre director?
A career as a stage director takes talent, experience, and temperament. Stage directors have to know theaters inside out. Be prepared to work long hours, and handle intense stress. It's an incredibly difficult field in which to make it.
How many hours do Theatre directors work?
Do actors get paid for rehearsals?
Most professional actors are unionized. Under SAG-AFTRA and Equity contracts, actors are guaranteed a set rate of pay for both rehearsal and performance. The rate changes over time as union contracts are renegotiated, and it's influenced by the details of the production.
What skills do I need to be a director?
The core set of skills company directors need to perform the responsibilities of the role include:
 - Management skills.
 - Written and verbal communication skills.
 - Strategic decision-making skills.
 - Analytical skills.
 - Adaptability.
 - Creativity.
 - Empathy.
 - Visionary leadership.
What skills do musical directors need?
To be a Musical Director you must have a creative flare and be able to work with a variety of different people in different departments. You also must be able to sing (well enough to teach singers), play the piano, and understand other musical instrument as well as being able to read music.
Who runs a theatre?
Chief Executive. The chief executive manages the theatre, ensuring everyone is focused on putting on shows, attracting and looking after audiences, and making the theatre a financial and artistic success.
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Why is the director important?
Even though they may not appear in front of the camera, the director is one of the most important people on a film set. They do more than shout "action" and "cut" behind the scenes—they're the person who determines the creative vision and makes all of the film's biggest decisions.
What are the 4 types of theatre spaces?
What are the 6 elements of theatre?
What is a band director called?
Orchestra. The title of " music director" or "musical director" is used by many symphony orchestras to designate the primary conductor and artistic leader of the orchestra. The term "music director" is most common for orchestras in the United States.
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How do you publish a sheet in AutoCAD?
How do I make a plot sheet in AutoCAD?
To Set the Plot Area
 2. Click Output tab Plot panel Page Setup Manager. …
 4. Click Modify.
11 янв. 2018 г.
How do I plot all sheets in AutoCAD?
Follow the following steps:
 1. Run Print > Batch Plot.
 3. Click Add Sheets to add drawings.
 4. Set any necessary options accordingly.
 5. Click Publish.
23 июн. 2019 г.
How do I show sheet tabs in AutoCAD?
How do you plot from Sheet Set Manager?
 2. In the Sheet Set Manager, under Sheets, select a sheet set, subset, or sheet.
 3. In the upper-right corner of the Sheet Set Manager, click the Publish button.
 4. From the flyout menu, choose an output: Publish to DWF. Publish to DWFx. Publish to PDF. Publish to Plotter.
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How do I select and print in AutoCAD?
 1. Press ctrl+P.
 2. an window called plot will open.
 3. select the printer, paper size (if any change you want other than previously configured page setup)
 4. Then specify what to print in plot area.
How do I print all AutoCAD layouts at once?
To Publish Multiple Layouts in a Drawing
 5. Click Publish.
11 янв. 2018 г.
How do I apply page setup to all layouts in AutoCAD?
Select all the drawings and/or layouts in your publish list. Click the page setup drop-down arrow for the first drawing in the list and choose the desired page setup. This page setup will be replicated to the drawings or layouts in the publish list.
How do I save an AutoCAD drawing as a PDF?
To Export Selected Layouts to a PDF File
 2. Right-click and select Publish Selected Layouts.
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How do I show all layouts in AutoCAD?
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On the command line in AutoCAD, type:
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How do I create a sheet in Autocad 2018?
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House 3D


text:
Fashioning History Current Practices and Principles (Hardcover)
|Author: Robert F. Berkhofer|
|This book offers historians and aspiring historians a learned, absorbing, and comprehensive overview of current fashions of method, interpretation, and meaning in the context of postmodernism that has washed over the historical profession in the last two decades.|
From the Publisher:
Historians in the early twenty-first century must reconcile long-standing approaches to evidence and narrative with the challenges posed by postmodern criticism, the explosion of historical sources and interpretations on the Internet, and the popularity of histories provided in movies and on television. Fashioning History is the first book to develop and apply the same methods of source analysis and principles of synthesis to the chief forms historical representations take in the early twenty-first century: to moving images and Web sites as well as books and articles, to museum exhibitions and historical sites as well as classrooms and archives, to memory and heritage as well as conventional histories. The result is an illuminating assessment of the discipline, indispensable to those who wish to understand the ever-changing landscape of the historical profession.


Single use and rechargeable batteries disposal
 - Last updated:
 - 17 Jun 2021
Sunshine Coast Council now accepts single use and rechargeable batteries for recycling. This is a free service.
As the amount of these types of batteries increases there is a need to offer more environmentally friendly options for disposal. While single use batteries can still be disposed of as general household waste in the general waste bin, we encourage you to choose the recycling option. Rechargeable batteries, however, cannot be disposed of in the general waste bin.
Why should you recycle your batteries?
The majority of Australia's battery waste is unfortunately still being sent to landfill creating fire and environmental risks. It is a growing waste item, increasing by 20 per cent each year and could exceed 100,000 tonnes by 2036.
In Australia currently only three per cent of battery waste is recycled. In Europe, 44 per cent of batteries sold are collected for recycling.
Batteries contain a variety of toxic metals which are particularly detrimental in landfill (lead, nickel, cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and mercury) and can seep through into the environment. They also contain valuable metals that may be recovered through recycling (such as cadmium, zinc, manganese, cobalt and rare earth metals).
Disposing of single use or rechargeable batteries
To recycle your batteries, simply drop them off, free of charge, at one of the following Resource Recovery Centres: Beerwah, Buderim, Caloundra or Nambour.
There are two main types of batteries that council accepts under this program:
 1. Single use batteries (alkaline and button cell batteries accepted)
 2. Rechargeable batteries (Lithium Ion, Nickel-Metal Hydride, Nickel Cadmium (dry), Nickel Cadmium (wet))
Please never place single use batteries in your recycling bin or garden waste bin as these would contaminate other recyclables or the mulch produced from garden waste.
Rechargeable batteries cannot be placed in the general waste, recycling, or in the garden waste bins.
Visit the Australian Battery Recycling Initiative website to obtain more information about battery recycling.


text:
In the Museum: Buck Rogers in the 21st Century
The reality of spaceflight is tangible; a spacecraft or flight spare enables us to preserve the technology involved in a Mars landing so that future generations can understand how it was done. But how do you preserve a "sensation" so that future generations will appreciate its impact on society?
- By Bob Craddock
- Air & Space magazine, May 2002
Philip Frances Nowlan may not be one of the biggest names in science fiction, but he is the creator of one of the biggest science fiction cartoon characters—Buck Rogers, a figure synonymous with spaceflight. Rogers has found a permanent home at the National Air and Space Museum; in 1996, the Museum acquired a wide-ranging collection of memorabilia that documents this pop culture icon.
In an article entitled "Armageddon—2419 A.D.," which he wrote for the August 1927 issue of Amazing Stories, Nowlan introduced Anthony "Buck" Rogers, an ordinary man whose job is to inspect abandoned coal mines for radioactive gases. On one inspection the mine collapses, and Rogers is trapped in a chamber full of the gases. Eventually he loses consciousness, but the gases keep him alive, and he awakes nearly 500 years later. After adjusting to the shock of his situation, Rogers discovers that the United States has been conquered by Mongolians, who rule the country from floating cities while forcing Americans to hide in the forests below. Unknown to the Mongolians, however, the Americans have become organized, secretly making technological advances. Now, along with Rogers, they are about to launch the Second War of Independence.
The editor of Amazing Stories, Hugo Gernsback, prophesied that many of the devices described by Nowlan, such as the jet airplane and the walkie-talkie, would "no doubt come true," and that the tale would become more popular over time. He was right on all predictions. On January 7, 1929, "Buck Rogers in the 25th Century" debuted as the first syndicated science fiction comic strip, and it quickly became a huge hit. By 1932, a Buck Rogers radio program was airing four times a week. Commercial spinoffs, including toy ray guns, games, uniforms, tin spaceships, and trading cards, were sold everywhere. And Buck's success also inspired several cartoon copycats, including Flash Gordon and Captain Midnight. When the Buck Rogers film series debuted in 1939, both young and old stood in lines for hours to buy tickets.
Buck Rogers mania foreshadowed the fan worship of such science fiction favorites as Star Trek and Star Wars, and it no doubt encouraged the dreams of the generation of Americans who would ultimately make spaceflight a reality. All of this creates an interesting problem for the Museum. The reality of spaceflight is tangible; a spacecraft or flight spare enables us to preserve the technology involved in a Mars landing so that future generations can understand how it was done. But how do you preserve a "sensation" so that future generations will appreciate its impact on society? That task has fallen to Frank Winter, a Museum curator of space history.
As a boy in New York, Winter grew up watching "Captain Video and His Video Rangers" (1949–55) on television. Each week Captain Video would climb on board the Galaxy II and rocket to another planet in a never-ending battle against "crime, tyranny, injustice and the unreasoning fury of nature!" Winter remembers that once the show's actors came to a theater in his neighborhood, where they performed a skit and talked to the kids afterward. To this day, Winter remains a Captain Video fan.
It's an interest that serves him well in his job at the Museum, where he is curator of rocketry and popular culture. He is responsible for thousands of artifacts, ranging from Star Wars trading cards to Apollo Saturn V rockets. Winter had long felt that Buck Rogers and other early space heroes were a part of American spaceflight history worth examining, and he wanted to acquire some memorabilia. Unfortunately, because of their rarity and price, many important objects remained in the hands of private collectors. That situation changed in 1996 when the Museum was approached by Michael O'Harro, a successful restaurateur who had collected more than 2,200 space toys. Would the Museum be interested?
"I was astounded, " recalls Winter, after he had inspected the collection. "It was like walking into Tut's Tomb!" Over the years, O'Harro had collected many rare items, including original comic strips, a Buck Rogers watch, tin spaceships, lead figures, games, trading cards, and a prototype ray gun that was used to create a production toy. Although most centered on Buck Rogers, there were also items based on Flash Gordon and even Captain Video. O'Harro's collection spanned the entire history of space toys, from Buck Rogers in the 1920s to Star Wars in the 1980s. Winter felt that every bit of it belonged in the Museum. Then the work began. Each object in the Museum's collection must be entered into a database that contains information about the physical characteristics of the object and as much historical information as possible. A simple Buck Rogers trading card, for example, requires as much basic paperwork as a flight-qualified Saturn V.
As a result of O'Harro's generosity, the Museum now has an excellent core collection that will give future generations an opportunity to learn about Buck Rogers' appeal. Winter points out, however, that the collection is not complete. "It would be nice to find a Buck Rogers bike and some flying suits," he muses. Then he smiles and says, "A few more Captain Video objects would also be nice."
—Bob Craddock is a planetary geologist at the National Air and Space Museum's Center for Earth and Planetary Studies.


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Regular arrangements of sodium atoms make sodium cobalt oxide a perfect material for laptop batteries, an efficient cooling material and a superconductor. The concentration of sodium atoms in the material can vary and the material's behaviour depends sensitively on this number.
As reported in the latest issue of the magazine Nature, scientists from the Hahn Meitner Institute (Berlin), the CEA research centre in Saclay (Paris), and the University of Liverpool have shown that the sodium atoms always arrange in regular patterns, and these patterns determine the properties of the material.
The image shows the pattern created when four fifths of the available places are occupied by sodium atoms. The concentration of sodium atoms can easily be varied using chemical methods, and it is possible to change the material from a metal to an insulator, and then to superconductor, just by putting it into an electrochemical cell and changing the applied voltage.
On the microscopic level, sodium cobalt oxide has a characteristic layered structure: cobalt oxide layers alternate with layers of sodium atoms ordered on a nanoscale. The concentration of sodium atoms can vary over a large range, and the detailed arrangement of the sodium atoms determines the electrical properties of the material. When they are far apart from each other, each atom acts as a well confining the electrons constituting the current flow - the material becomes an insulator. If they are arranged in lines, they form wire-like structures allowing current to flow along one direction.
Alan Tennant, head of the department Magnetism at the Hahn-Meitner-Institut explains that "the electrons responsible for the current flow behave like waves and they like to arrange their wavelength and their behaviour to fit the predefined structure. In this way the electrons can be controlled by the chemical composition of the material. If the sodium atoms were arranged at random, small changes in their number would hardly influence the current flow."
Controlling the transport of electrons provides the basis for our modern information and communications technologies and improvements in solid state batteries has led to a revolution in portable electronic devices from iPods to mobile phones. "The laptop batteries used today contain lithium cobalt oxide - a material very similar to sodium cobalt oxide - and they are charged by changing the number of lithium atoms. We know that lithium atoms are also arranged in regular patterns, and may show some of the beautiful behaviour seen in the sodium compounds." Tennant adds.
Sodium cobalt oxide is also a good candidate for an efficient cooling material, since it is among the few materials that are good electrical conductors, but that conduct heat badly. This can be understood from the arrangement shown in the image: the sodium atoms marked red are confined in cages formed by blue atoms. They can rattle in these cages, taking up most of the heat trying to travel through the material without impeding the flow of electric current. New thermoelectric materials could provide a route to more energy efficient refrigeration, as well as converting heat sources such as geothermal energy and hot water from conventional power stations into useful electricity.
A kaleidoscope of patterns of sodium atoms depending on the sodium concentration was found. In order to understand how the sodium structures come about, one can imagine the various atoms as marbles. The oxygen atoms are arranged in a honeycomb pattern and the sodium atoms have to rest in the cavities formed between them. Due to their large size, two sodium atoms cannot occupy two adjacent cavities and, therefore, when the sodium layer is completely filled, only every second cavity is occupied. This creates two classes of sodium atoms corresponding to the blue and red spheres in the image. Finally, the sodium atoms repel each other and, therefore, try to keep as far apart as possible. The overall pattern reflects the best arrangement in accordance with these factors for a given concentration.
The sodium ordering was studied using neutron and synchrotron methods at the Hahn-Meitner-Institut and at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, The MAP2 supercomputer at the University of Liverpool, normally used for particle physics computations, was then used to explore this idea, which finally led to the determination of the sodium ordering patterns observed.
Further partners in this European cooperation were the Universities of Oxford and Bristol, the Berlin Synchrotron Radiation Source BESSY, and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ESRF in Grenoble.
Citation: M. Roger, D.J.P. Morris, D.A. Tennant, M.J. Gutmann, J.P. Goff, J.-U. Hoffmann, R. Feyerherm, E. Dudzik, D. Prabhakaran, N. Shannon, B. Lake, P.P. Deen, Patterning of Sodium Ions and the Control of Electrons in Sodium Cobaltate Nature, 8. Februar 2007
Explore further: Competition for graphene: Researchers demonstrate ultrafast charge transfer in new family of 2-D semiconductors


Pass the Preventing Animal Cruelty (PACT) Act
This petition made change with 619,631 supporters!
Ask Congress to pass the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act, the first-ever general federal Animal Cruelty law in history. This is a bill with broad bipartisan support. Even prior to swearing in the new members of Congress, this bill had 36 Co-Sponsors in the Senate and 283 Co-Sponsors in the House. It was previously blocked from a vote by a single congressman. Now that the House of Representatives has changed, this bill needs to be brought to the floor of Congress for a vote. We should not go another day without protecting the animals from cruelty, bestiality, and torture.
Why is this law important?
This law will allow the FBI and other federal law enforcement agencies to crack down on malicious cruelty and the sexual exploitation of innocent animals. The legislation will build on the federal "animal crush" video law that was enacted in 2010, which banned the creation, sale, and distribution of obscene videos that show animals being crushed, burned, drowned, suffocated, impaled, or subjected to other forms of heinous cruelty. The PACT Act will prohibit those same extreme acts of animal cruelty when they occur in interstate or foreign commerce, regardless of whether a video is produced. The PACT Act will also enable the federal government to prosecute malicious acts of animal cruelty on federal property such as military bases, federal prisons, airports, and national parks. Additionally, it will enable federal authorities to crack down on the practice of bestiality which often involves a subculture where animals are moved across state lines and where information is exchanged on websites that enable the exploitation to happen.
Who supports this bill?
This legislation is endorsed by more than 200 law enforcement agencies across the country.
This bill was previously passed in the Senate by a UNANIMOUS bipartisan vote.
This bill had 283 co-sponsors in the House of Representatives and 36 Co-Sponsors in the Senate even prior to the swearing in of the current members of congress.
In December 2017 the Senate UNANIMOUSLY passed the Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act, S. 654. This bipartisan legislation protecting animals against cruelty and torture was led in the U.S. Senate by Senators Pat Toomey, R-Pa, Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., and was joined by 34 cosponsors. Despite the overwhelming bipartisan support we still do not have this important federal law.
The bill was blocked by a single member of Congress despite the valiant efforts of Reps. Lamar Smith, R-Texas, and Ted Deutch, D-Fla. to help pass this bill (H.R. 1494). Reps. Lamar Smith and Ted Deutch previously secured an unbelievable 283 cosponsors and broad bipartisan support by ⅔ of Congress. Now, with the change of leadership in Congress, there is a new and fresh opportunity for congress to pass this important law with vast bipartisan support.
Why should we sign this now?
There is a new and fresh opportunity for congress to pass the overwhelmingly bipartisan Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture (PACT) Act that was previously blocked by a single member of congress. The shift of power in Congress has removed this one congressman as an obstacle. Now this bill has a real opportunity to pass if the public demands that Congress makes it a legislative priority, and brings it to a vote. Passage will bring the first federal animal cruelty bill that protects against bestiality, animal cruelty, and animal torture. Your signature will help demonstrate the public outcry to make this a legislative priority.
The animals cannot speak for themselves. Please consider being the voice for the voiceless and sign the petition. Your support will speak volumes to lawmakers!
"Never believe that a few caring people can't change the world. For, indeed, that's all who ever have." ~Margaret Mead
What you can you do to help RIGHT NOW in addition to signing the petition? (IMPORTANT) (Total Time: 5-7 minutes)
1. Share this Petition on social media, and ask your friends, co-workers, and family to sign the petition and consider sharing it as well.
2. Contact your congressional representative's office, and politely inform them that you are calling to ask your representative to support H.R.724 - The PACT Act which will make animal cruelty a federal crime. (The process is simple. Just call the Capitol Switchboard. _PHONE_. Give them your zip code, and they will provide you with the telephone number for your congressional representative. Call that number, and express your support.) This will make a big difference.
3. Follow the progress of this petition on our Facebook page, and find ways that you can have a positive impact on the lives of animals: Animal Welfard Center Facebook Page
Today: Sydney is counting on you
Sydney Helfand needs your help with "Pass the Preventing Animal Cruelty (PACT) Act". Join Sydney and 619,630 supporters today.


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How cold was it? The latest round of arctic air has frozen the island ponds - enough for an informal hockey game this past weekend, as pictured on page one. Old-timers will tell you, though, they can remember when it was really cold...
It was a bitterly cold month of February in 1934. That's when the thermometer plunged to a shivering 17 degrees below zero. West Passage iced over and people walked from Fort Getty to Fort Greble on Dutch Island. On Feb. 19, ice jammed the wheel boxes of the ferry Beavertail as it left its West Ferry dock. The ferry was out of operation until March 6. The incident made people get serious about building the first Jamestown Bridge.
That same day, the ferry Governor Carr took 90 minutes to reach Newport from Jamestown because it had to break its way through the ice floes across East Passage. That winter the cold allowed islanders to harvest about 3,000 tons of ice, which was stored for summertime use.
During the winter of _PHONE_, Dutch Harbor and much of West Passage was frozen. The ferry J.A. Saunders was unable to deliver supplies from Jamestown to the soldiers stationed at Fort Greble on Dutch Island. So supplies were taken by ferry from Saunderstown. Soldiers walked out across the ice to the boat and took the provisions by sled back to Fort Greble. Then the bay iced over and the ferry was stuck at Dutch Island.
In January of 1918, the temperature fell to minus 12 degrees. To make matters worse, there was a serious coal shortage on the island to heat the homes. Two men reportedly walked from Wickford to the Conanicut Lighthouse at the north end of Jamestown.
There were some frigid times in the previous century. On Feb. 11, 1875, it was reported that the ferry from Jamestown became stuck in the ice in Newport Harbor. On Jan. 13, 1893, West Passage iced over. There were some 50 vessels, many threeand fourmasted schooners, stranded in the ice from Jamestown to Wickford.
- Jeff McDonough


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be reduced. Available research combined with the experience of pioneering programs, suggest that schools and communities can make a significant difference when they intentionally partner over time to promote attendance through a combination of universal and targeted strategies. The diagram below illustrates what could be encompassed within a comprehensive response. Based upon an assessment of their own strengths and challenges, each school community can identify which strategies need to be put in place to reduce chronic absence.
A comprehensive and intentional approach characterizes the school district that had the lowest level of chronic early absence (5.4 percent) among the nine localities examined. Each school has an attendance team, which makes sure that families are contacted as soon as students miss three days of school. Home visits occur after five days. This district has a strong track record of collaborating with public agencies as well as community-based agencies and is located in one of the few states providing universal preschool education. Over the past four years, chronic early absence fell from 10 percent to 5 percent among young students living in high poverty neighborhoods. In this district, unlike all other localities examined, students from high poverty neighborhoods had better attendance than their peers living in other parts of town.
Figure 4: Diagram of comprehensive response to chronic absenteeism
Paying attention to early absenteeism can be an effective strategy for identifying and addressing educational and familial issues early on. Schools and communities can benefit by embedding attention to chronic early absence in relevant initiatives focused on, for example, school readiness, afterschool programs, school-based health services, and dropout prevention. Monitoring chronic early absence and using it as a trigger for early intervention, could help schools and communities partner with families to ensure every child begins school with an equal opportunity to reach his or her potential.
1. In 2006, the Federal No Child Left Behind began requiring states to define and report on data on truancy; states are not, however, required report on chronic early absence or adopt a uniform definition.
2. For additional information on findings of national data analysis, see A National Portrait of Chronic Absenteeism in the Early Grades, The Influence of Maternal and Family Risk on Chronic Absenteeism in Early Schooling, How Maternal, Family and Cumulative Risk Affect Absenteeism in Early Schooling: Facts for Policymakers, and other publications.


Mortage Disclosure Act Federal Reserve Adds Interim Rule
From 30th January 2011 the Federal Reserve will introduce a new interim rule to the Mortgage Disclosure Act of 2008. The rule will mean that all mortgage lenders must disclose all the potential costs of the mortgage over its lifetime, and will be effective on all applications received from that date.
Consumer testing arranged by the Federal Reserve has revealed that many borrowers do not understand the implications of an interest rate rise on their payments, or how the end of an introductory offer rate period will cause their payments to rise. Many consumers also fail to understand the difference between an interest only loan and a loan which repays both the principal and interest.
The new rule means that mortgage lenders will have to clarify their product terms more clearly and introduces several measures which will simplify and disclose more financial information which will allow consumers to better judge if the mortgage payments are affordable if rates rise. The rule does not apply to fixed rate mortgages.
The changes which mortgage lenders must introduce include a statement that consumers are not guaranteed to be able to refinance in the future. Interest rates and payments must be clearly summarized in tabular format and adjustable mortgages must show the maximum interest rate and payment within the first five years of the mortgage. A statement must be placed directly above the interest rate and payment summary table explaining different payment options.
The payment costs must be itemized into how much is for interest and how much is payment of the principal. The Federal Reserve "believes that highlighting the relationship between the interest rate and payment will enhance consumers' understanding of loan terms."
In addition the mortgage lender must give a worst case scenario of a possible payment over the lifetime of a loan. Lenders must also disclose any balloon payments which may be attached to the loan, and the consequences of only making minimum payments.
The interim rule adds to the current Mortgage Disclosure Act aims of improving "informed use of credit resulting from consumers' awareness of the cost of credit." The hope is that if consumers' understand how their payments can be subject to change and that there is no guarantee of payments decreasing in the event of remortgaging they will be less likely to opt for an unaffordable mortgage.
The Federal Reserve welcomes comments regarding this interim rule before it is written into the current legislation.


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Download the Fact Sheet (Updated 2013)
Download the Previous Fact Sheet (From 2010)
Immigrants, Latinos, and Asians account for growing shares of the economy and electorate in New Hampshire. Immigrants (the foreign-born) make up more than 1 in 20 Granite Staters, and more than half of them are naturalized U.S. citizens who are eligible to vote. "New Americans"—immigrants and the children of immigrants—account for 5.7% of registered voters in the state. Immigrants not only contribute to the state's economy as workers, but also account for billions of dollars in tax revenue and consumer purchasing power. Moreover, Latinos and Asians (both foreign-born and native-born) wield $2.4 billion in consumer purchasing power, and the businesses they own had sales and receipts of more than $900 million and employed nearly 6,000 people at last count. At a time when the economy is still recovering, New Hampshire can ill-afford to alienate such an important component of its labor force, tax base, and business community.
Immigrants and their children are growing shares of New Hampshire's population and electorate.
- The foreign-born share of New Hampshire's population rose from 3.7% in 1990, to 4.4% in 2000, to 5.6% in 2011, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. New Hampshire was home to 73,843 immigrants in 2011.
- 51.8% of immigrants (or 38,286 people) in New Hampshire were naturalized U.S. citizens in 2011 —meaning that they are eligible to vote.
- Unauthorized immigrants comprised roughly 1.2% of the state's population (or 15,000 people) in 2010, according to a report by the Pew Hispanic Center.
- 5.7% (or 43,084) of registered voters in New Hampshire were "New Americans"—naturalized citizens or the U.S.-born children of immigrants who were raised during the current era of immigration from Latin America and Asia which began in 1965—according to an analysis of 2008 Census Bureau data by Rob Paral & Associates.
1 in 20 Granite Staters are Latino or Asian.
- The Latino share of New Hampshire's population grew from 1.0% in 1990, to 1.7% in 2000, to 2.9% (or 38,497 people) in 2011. The Asian share of the population grew from 0.8% in 1990, to 1.3% in 2000, to 2.2% (or 29,002 people) in 2011, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
- Latinos accounted for 1.1% (or 8,000) of New Hampshire voters in the 2008 elections, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
- In New Hampshire, 92.4% of children with immigrant parents were U.S. citizens in 2009, according to data from the Urban Institute.
- In 2009, 89.2% of children in Asian families in New Hampshire were U.S. citizens, as were 96.1% of children in Latino families.
Latino and Asian entrepreneurs and consumers add billions of dollars and thousands of jobs to New Hampshire's economy.
- The 2012 purchasing power of Asians in New Hampshire totaled $1.4 billion—an increase of 828% since 1990. Latino buying power totaled $992 million—an increase of 584% since 1990, according to the Selig Center for Economic Growth at the University of Georgia.
- New Hampshire's 2,211 Asian-owned businesses had sales and receipts of $733.4 million and employed 5,083 people in 2007, the last year for which data is available. The state's 1,441 Latino-owned businesses had sales and receipts of $189.4 million and employed 905 people in 2007, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's Survey of Business Owners.
Immigrants are integral to New Hampshire's economy as workers and taxpayers.
- Immigrants comprised 6.5% of the state's workforce in 2011 (or 47,691 workers), according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
- Unauthorized immigrants comprised roughly 1.6% of the state's workforce (or 10,000 workers) in 2010, according to a report by the Pew Hispanic Center.
- If all unauthorized immigrants were removed from New Hampshire, the state would lose $893.2 million in economic activity, $396.7 million in gross state product, and approximately 5,220 jobs, even accounting for adequate market adjustment time, according to a report by the Perryman Group.
Unauthorized immigrants pay taxes.
- Unauthorized immigrants in New Hampshire paid $5.1 million in state and local taxes in 2010, according to data from the Institute for Taxation and Economic Policy, which includes:
- $114,119 in state income taxes.
- $1.5 million in property taxes.
- $3.5 million in sales taxes.
Immigrants are integral to New Hampshire's economy as students.
- New Hampshire's 2,912 foreign students contributed $96.4 million to the state's economy in tuition, fees, and living expenses for the 2011-2012 academic year, according to NAFSA: Association of International Educators.
Naturalized citizens excel educationally.
- In New Hampshire, 39.8% of foreign-born persons who were naturalized U.S. citizens in 2011 had a bachelor's or higher degree.
- The number of immigrants in New Hampshire with a college degree increased by 84.4% between 2000 and 2011, according to data from the Migration Policy Institute.
- In New Hampshire, 91.3% of children with immigrant parents were considered "English proficient" as of 2009, according to data from the Urban Institute.
- The English proficiency rate among Asian children in New Hampshire was 89.2%, while for Latino children it was 88.8%, as of 2009.
Published On: Fri, Jan 11, 2013 | Download File


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Pelican Beach Resort
There are over ten diverse cultures present in Belize, many of which still place great importance on traditional activities and practices that span generations. These traditions are often rooted in practicality and provide great benefits to those that keep them going.
In southern Belize, two of the most prominent cultural groups are the Garifuna and the Maya. These groups still continue with many daily practices started by their ancestors.
- Schedule a "Garifuna cultural experience", on a cassava baking day near a small farm. Learn how to grate the manioc root, strain, sieve, and bake on an open hearth. Then enjoy the finished cassava biscuit with Serre la Sus - fresh fished sauteed in coconut milk with mashed plantains.
- Pass by a neighborhood wake, "9 night" or "Dugu" and share in the honoring of Garifuna ancestor spirits via drumming and song. A "9 night" is similar to a wake and is held as a memorial usually 9 nights after someone has been buried.
- Garifuna songs and dances are vehicles for teaching newer generations about their history. These dances are filled with meaning, and an evening of entertainment can be arranged with a local dance group.
Visit the village of Maya Center at the entrance to the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary and:
- Shop at the Women's Craft Cooperative, where Mayan women sell souvenirs crafted from materials found in the nearby tropical forest
- Visit the Maya Museum and learn more about the rich history of the Maya in Belize
- Walk the medicinal trails inside the sanctuary itself, and learn the myriad uses for some of the herbs and plants that grow within the Cockscomb Basin.


Have you heard of the popular saying- "when we want something with passion and innate desire, the universe conspires to make us attain it"? Well, if you believe it, then you know "what is the law of attraction" already! Law of attraction refers to that ability that helps us in attracting on those things in life that we desire truly and have laid our focus upon. This is a universal law and does not vary depending upon the demographic issues or national boundaries etc. It applies uniformly on the entire mankind as it is the law that originates from the deep desire and ability of focus.
It will not be wrong to say that it is the law that uses the power of the mind to focus and compile our thoughts and sanction them to reality. Theoretically, you can relate this law with the popular proverb- "your thoughts will define your actions". So, in one way the law propagates the power of thoughts through the power of your mind. Thus, if your thoughts are positive, your actions and life will be a positive flow of sequences while if you are doomed into a negative converse of thoughts, the environment around you will be affected by it. You need to constantly remember to move and take breaks, this is why using a pomodoro timer could be one of the most efficient ways to flow with daily tasks at a steady pace.
The Law of Attraction gives hope to the dreamersif you can imagine it, think it, believe it then you can achieve it! This is the beauty of this law. Therefore, if you have an innate dream in your life, do not give up on it just because you do not have resources right now. Keep believing in the magic and your ideas, thoughts, dreams. Someday, you will witness your dream coming true!
So, how do we define the law of attraction: Just like powerful magnets, the Law of Attraction resonates with the ability to attract, what we focus upon, in our life. Our thoughts, feelings, and emotions attract what we send out into the universepositivity or negativity.
7 popular laws of attraction:
 - Unwavering Desire
 - Conceptualization and Imagination
 - Affirmation
 - Focus with Confidence
 - Profound Belief
 - Gratitude
 - Manifestation
How do you use the law of attraction to attain what you desire the most?
Law of attraction works on the basic principle of the ability to desire and focus but at the same time some amount of hard work and persistent efforts decide the timely attainment of your objective and its intensity in your life for exampleyou may have wanted to become a successful businessman but if you work hard, you can become successful in a few months or years but if not then you may have to wait until you become aged. Therefore, follow a few steps to make sure that you get the right things at the right time.
 - Get a clear idea of what you want to attain
 - Define the purpose of your desire in your life
 - Focus your time, attention and your willingness towards the attainment of your objective
 - Start working hard to achieve your aim
 - Find like-minded people and get inspired by them
 - Seek your internal motivation and try to keep finding ideas to keep you gong continuously
 - Do not let the failures pull you down
 - Be persistent in your efforts
 - You can take help from your friends, supporters or mentor who can guide you on this journey
 - Keep away from negative people
 - Acquaint yourself with the required knowledge
 - Try, try, try until you succeed
 - Maintain a positive attitude while you are getting closer to fulfilling your dreams with each passing day
You must have heard about how the radio signals make a significant impact from one wave another and make it possible through various mediumshow the sound reaches from one remote corner of the earth to another. Similarly, the vibrations from your mind that is inclined towards the achievement of your life's ultimate objective acts like your guiding light.
Therefore, just do not let the questions to obstruct you or hold you back whenever you face difficulties. Even the people who began to climb the most difficult mountains in life were not sure whether they will be able to do it ever or not. They too had the share of failure based stories. The key is to keep expecting the miracles and keeping the light of faith in your heart. The law of attraction works for all positive thoughts and desires.


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Statute of Limitations on Florida Criminal Cases: An Overview
Officials at the Broward County Sheriff's Office in Fort Lauderdale must have been shocked when they received a call from an out-of-state police department, stating that a man was confessing to a murder he committed in 2002. As reported by Fox News, the man has been extradited to Florida to face charges in the case. Because the matter is 14 years old, you might wonder how authorities can still pursue first-degree murder charges after so much time has passed. A criminal defense attorney can tell you the specifics on the time limitation for bringing a criminal case, otherwise known as the statute of limitations in Florida. However, here are the answers to the most common questions.
How does a statute of limitations work?
The statute is a time limitation which prohibits a prosecuting attorney from bringing criminal charges for a crime committed more than a designated number of years ago. After the time period is over, a criminal case cannot be initiated, so the statute of limitations acts as a defense to the offense. The number of years depends on the alleged crime, with more violent crimes being subject to a longer statute of limitations.
Why does Florida have a statute of limitations on crimes?
The whole point of a statute of limitations is that it makes criminal trials more fair. Evidence of a crime can deteriorate over time, so certain facts that may exonerate a criminal defendant may not exist a few years down the road. Plus, the recollections of witnesses fade as the years pass. The criminal trial process is more equitable when evidence is intact and testimony is within recent memory.
What is the statute of limitations in Florida criminal cases?
More serious, violent offenses do not have a statute of limitations: Crimes that are punishable by the death sentence or life in prison can be prosecuted at any time – even years after the incident. Other statutes of limitations include:
- First Degree Felony: Four years;
- Felonies of Lesser Degree: Three years;
- First Degree Misdemeanor: Two years; and,
- Second Degree Misdemeanor: One year.
In addition, there are laws that provide specific statutes of limitations for abuse of the elderly or disabled individuals, violations of securities transactions, and certain sex crimes.
When does the statute of limitations start?
The clock starts ticking when a person commits a crime, and a prosecuting attorney has the designated amount of time to file charges; the trial does not need to be completed within the statute of limitations. There are exceptions that put the time period on hold, which is why it's important to take with an attorney about your case.
Contact a Qualified Defense Attorney in Fort Lauderdale
If you've been charged with a crime that is several years old, you may be able to argue the statute of limitations as a defense. However, the law regarding the statute of limitations is complex if you don't have a legal background. An experienced criminal attorney can help you raise any timing issues and present other defenses in your case to ensure the best possible outcome. For more information on the statute of limitations in Florida, please contact Fort Lauderdale lawyer Kevin J. Kulik to discuss your situation.


Publetariat Dispatch: Ebook Madness: Don't Confuse Ebook Conversion With Ebook Formatting!
Publetariat: For People Who Publish!
Today's Publetariat Dispatch is a post from April L. Hamilton, author of The Indie Author Guide: Self-Publishing Strategies Anyone Can Use, writing on the topic of the difference between ebook formatting and ebook conversion, and why the former generally costs much more than the latter.
I'm getting a lot of emails from authors who tell me this or that company or person is offering to convert their manuscripts into ebooks for some ridiculously low fee, like $50. What the authors don't know is that conversion of a manuscript to an ebook format takes fifteen minutes or less, is mostly an automated process, and will only deliver a quality ebook at the back end if the file being converted has already been properly formatted for the target ebook format. $50 doesn't seem like such a bargain when you realize how little work is actually being done for that fee, and when you know it doesn't include the most time-intensive, labor-intensive, and important part of the ebook creation process: formatting.
The conversion step is no big deal. You open a conversion program, click a button to import the (pre-formatted) manuscript, fill in a form with details about the book (e.g., title, author name, suggested retail price, etc.), click another button to add any required companion files to the project, then click one last button to output the ebook in your desired file format. If the manuscript file you've imported was formatted properly ahead of time, your ebook will look and perform great. If not, not.
The majority of time and effort that goes into creating an ebook is spent on preparing the manuscript for conversion, and creating any required companion files (e.g., Amazon's required active table of contents file for Kindle books). Where the conversion step is mostly automated, the formatting part is mostly manual. This is because every manuscript is different, and the process of formatting a manuscript for ebook publication is primarily a process of minimizing and standardizing formatting. Here's my Kindle book formatting to-do list, to give you some idea of what's involved:
* "Save As" to create Kindle file copy
* Insert cover image on first page
* Remove blank pages
* Remove headers
* Remove footers
* Set margins to 1" all around, remove gutter
* Replace section breaks with page breaks
* Insert page breaks before each chapter heading, if necessary
* Replace double spaces with single space between sentences
* Standardize body text style
* Set line spacing to 1.5, max 6pt spacing after paragraphs
* Standardize chapter headings
* Standardize section headings
* Remove/replace special characters
* Verify images are "in line" with text
* Insert page breaks before and after full-page images
* Modify copyright page to reflect Kindle edition verbiage
* Add correct ISBN to copyright page
* Insert hyperlinked TOC
I have a different to-do list for each different ebook format, since the requirements vary from one to the other. Obviously, if the author provides a file that already meets most of the requirements above, the job will take much less time and effort than it will with a file for which I must complete all of the items on my formatting checklist.
Just as obviously, it's impossible to know how much work is involved without actually seeing an excerpt from the manuscript. Anyone who's offering to do the job on the cheap without seeing any part of the manuscript is either not intending to do any formatting, or so new to the author services game that he doesn't realize the time and effort demands in creating ebooks are highly variable.
If you can find someone who will do the formatting AND the conversion for $50, and the resulting ebook looks great and functions properly, by all means HIRE HIM NOW! Otherwise, when you're comparison shopping among author service providers, be sure to ask if the price quoted for the provider's ebook conversion service includes formatting and creation of any required companion files.
This is a reprint from April L. Hamilton's Indie Author Blog.
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Inowrocław – church of the Blessed Virgin Mary
 The Romanesque church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Inowrocław is one of the oldest temples in Kujawy region, because its beginnings date back to the end of the 12th century. Due to the large width of the body, it was probably planned as a three-nave design, but this was not implemented. In the fifteenth century, the chancel was extended towards the east, and the semicircular apse was replaced by a polygon closure, fastened with buttresses.
At the end of the 18th century, a partially collapsed south tower was rebuilt and the chancel reconstructed again, closing it with a straight wall. Destroyed in the fire of 1834, church was in ruin until the beginning of the 20th century, when it underwent reconstruction according to the design of Juliusz Kothe. In addition to removing the effects of fire and Baroque accretions, a Romanesque semicircular apse and the northern tower were reconstructed. They tried to adapt the bonding method and new stone blocks to the old ones. It was done so perfectly that it is difficult to distinguish old and new parties today.
 The church was located on a small hill, outside the town, probably on the site of the market settlement. It is a aisleless construction, orientated, built of granite cubes arranged in regular layers. In the upper parts of the western massif, which goes into two rectangular towers, a brick was used. On the eastern side, the church is ended by a short rectangular chancel finished with a semicircular apse. A considerable width of the nave of over 12 meters allows to suppose that it was originally planned as a three-nave structure.
 The nave is covered with a flat timber ceiling. In the south porch, in the ground of the tower, the original groin vault made of stone has been preserved. In the upper part of the western massif there is an gallery (matroneum), open to the interior.
 On the walls of the church, mysterious representations of masks and animals and crosses have been preserved. This is a unique example of sculpture in Poland in a very hard material. Their content, at least in part, is connected with securing the temple against evil.
show this monument on map
return to alphabetical index
Jarzewicz J., Kościoły romańskie w Polsce, Kraków 2014.
Świechowski Z., Sztuka romańska w Polsce, Warszawa 1990.
Webpage, Kościół Imienia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Inowrocławiu.


text: In this fascinating journey to the edge of science, Vidal takes on big philosophical questions: Does our universe have a beginning and an end, or is it cyclic? Are we alone in the universe? What is the role of intelligent life, if any, in cosmic evolution? Grounded in science and committed to philosophical rigor, this book presents an evolutionary worldview where the rise of intelligent life is not an accident, but may well be the key to unlocking the universe's deepest mysteries. Vidal shows how the fine-tuning controversy can be advanced with computer simulations. He also explores whether natural or artificial selection could hold on a cosmic scale. In perhaps his boldest hypothesis, he argues that signs of advanced extraterrestrial civilizations are already present in our astrophysical data. His conclusions invite us to see the meaning of life, evolution, and intelligence from a novel cosmological framework that should stir debate for years to come.


text:
The Learn the Skills Guarantee™ from Noble Desktop ensures that you will walk away from our classes having learned the skills advertised in the program's syllabus. It's our Money-Back Guarantee that your tuition and commitment earned you a new skill.
How We Guarantee You Learn the Skills
Noble Desktop ensures that you will learn the skills in our courses because we provide the following:
- A hands-on learning experience working on projects and exercises, which is proven to boost comprehension, retention, and engagement
- Expert instructors who are industry professionals and experienced educators that are driven to help you succeed
- Top-notch curricula that have been tried and tested over many cohorts and are consistently improved for an optimal learning experience
- Supplemental materials to assist both during and after the course - please refer to specific course pages to see what supplemental materials are offered
- A 1-year free retake policy which allows students to retake any part of the course or program for free to refresh the materials and gain additional practice
The Learn the Skills Guarantee™ ensures that you will learn at least 80% of the material advertised on the course syllabus if you follow the guidelines below or you'll receive a full refund of your tuition:
- Ensure you meet the prerequisites. If you start a program and realize you don't have the prerequisite knowledge, let us know within the first 25% of the program and we'll switch your registration at no charge
- Attend all classes live (either in-person or online). If you do have to miss a class, you will arrange with us to make up the class materials (each course will be handled on a case-by-case basis)
- Complete required assignments during and outside of class (if required)
- Leverage any resources that are provided to assist with your learning (books, videos, handouts, etc.)
- If necessary, use your free retake to refresh the materials, gain additional practice time, and fill in anything you might have missed prior
If you don't feel comfortable with more than 20% of the material advertised after following all the above guidelines, then you will send us a list of the topics you would like reviewed and we will create a custom learning plan to ensure you learn that information.
Get Started Learning New Digital Skills Today
With our promise to help you learn new skills, why not start today?
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text:
What fun it is to build a snowman each year! This Shared Reading book is similar to the familar "Buckle My Shoe" but with original text. It shows each step necessary to make a snowman. It is a perfect way to develop the concept of sequencing with your students.?This full colored printable comes with matching pictures and word cards for your Pocket Chart & a student extension worksheet to use in a poetry journal or as a Take-Home page.?Enjoy our poem! Jackie and Kylene
Jackie and Kylene primary grade teachers who specialize in Singable Text for grades Kindergarten & 1st. Our songs, poems, and songs are always set to familiar tunes and great for developing literacy skills in both English only and English Language Learners. We LOVE creating both our singables and other resources that support teachers like skill-based games, writing extensions, emergent readers.
Visit our website at _URL_ for additional FREE downloads and teaching tips and resources.


text:
Using e-signatures in the wake of Covid-19
April 29, 2020
By Mustafa Khalid
As businesses adapt to social distancing measures to curb the spread of Covid-19, it is important that they explore the possibility of legally executing documents using an e-signature.
Although e-signatures are not widely used in the UAE, the legal authority for their use is nevertheless provided in Federal Law No. 1 of 2006 of the UAE, also known as the Federal E-Commerce Law ('the law'). The E-Commerce Law gives e-signatures legal recognition as a legitimate means of executing documents in the UAE. However, it is crucial to bear in mind that the law sets out certain requirements that an e-signature must meet for it to have legal force, along with prescribing limitations and exceptions to its use.
Under the E-Commerce Law, an e-signature is defined as "any letters, numbers, symbols, voice or processing system in electronic form applied to, incorporated in, or logically associated with a data message with the intention of authenticating and approving the same". Typically, some examples of e-signatures include a scanned image of a handwritten signature, a name typed at the end of an e mail and a click on "I accept" to terms and conditions.
In a commercial context, e-signatures can offer flexibility and efficiency to contracting parties. As per the E-Commerce Law, a person may use any form of electronic authentication unless prohibited by law. In this regard, the law sets out a list of legal documents that may not be executed using e-signatures. These include:
- Transactions and issues relating to personal status law (such as marriage and divorce certificates or wills)
- Deeds or transactions relating to immoveable property
- Negotiable instruments
- Any documents legally required to be attested before a notary public; and
- Any other documents or transactions exempted by special provision of law.
As per the E-Commerce Law, a person is entitled to rely on an e-signature to the extent that such reliance is reasonable. A number of factors will be considered in determining whether reliance on an e-signature can be deemed to have been reasonable, some of which can be summarised as follows:
- Nature and value (if known by the party relying on the e-signature) of the underlying transaction;
- Whether the party relying on the e-signature took appropriate steps to determine the reliability of the e-signature;
- Whether the party relying on the e-signature knew or ought to have known that the e-signature had been compromised or revoked;
- Any agreement or course of dealing between the parties with respect to e-signatures or any trade usage or practice which may be applicable.
The question of whether reliance on an e-signature can be deemed to be 'reasonable' will most likely arise in situations where limited security measures were used to authenticate an e-signature. In such a scenario, the burden of proof will fall upon the party relying on the e-signature to demonstrate that its reliance can be deemed reasonable.
Notwithstanding the above, the E-Commerce Law prescribes a high level of protection upon 'secure e-signatures'. For instance, in the absence of proof to the contrary, an e-signature which can be classified as a 'secure e-signature' shall be presumed to:
- Be reliable;
- Represent the signature of the person it purports to identify; and
- Be affixed by that person with the intention of signing.
As per the law, an e-signature shall be treated as a 'secure e-signature' if the following can be verified at the time it was made:
- It is unique to the person using it;
- It can identify said person;
- It was, at the time of signing, under the sole control of the signatory in terms of the creation data and the means used; and
- It is linked to the electronic record to which it relates in a manner which provides reliable assurance as to the integrity of the signature such that if the record was changed the e-signature would be invalidated.
While the E-Commerce Law does not specify any technical criteria in this regard, it can be presumed that the 'secure e-signature' status can be achieved using advanced e-signature platforms such as DocuSign or Adobe Sign. Essentially, it is advised that the platform should be able to identify the signatory with a high degree of certainty, limit the risk of someone other than the signatory gaining access to the document and have sufficient safeguards in place to prevent subsequent amendment or revocation.
Finally, any party considering signing electronically must ensure that they have the necessary capacity and authority to do so. In this regard, it would be useful for corporate entities to revisit their execution protocols to ensure that their respective signatories are vested with the requisite capacity and delegated authority to sign a document by electronic means. Similarly, it should be confirmed that a signatory signing for and on behalf of a counterparty has the requisite authority to use an electronic signature in order to limit the possibility of any challenges at a later stage.
With social distancing measures still in place throughout the UAE we have seen a marked increase in the use of e-signatures. As businesses adapt and find new ways of working, the increased use of e-signatures may well continue post COVID-19 as a way of a more efficient working model.


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This dataset includes skin temperatures of twelve Tadarida brasiliensis held in environmental chambers maintained at 7.7 (SD 0.9) °C and 91.8 (SD 0.8) % relative humidity to induce and support hibernation for up to 3 months. Bats were randomly assigned to infected and control groups at the start of the experiment and infected with conidia of Pseudogymnoascus destructans or a sham treatment (negative control). An iBBat temperature logger (Alpha Mach, Ste-Julie, Quebec, Canada) was attached to the dorsal surface of each bat and programmed to record skin temperature every 15 minutes until the end of the experiment when the bat died or was euthanized.
1. 1. Badgers, marmots, white-tailed prairie dogs, black-tailed prairie dogs, Wyoming ground squirrels, thirteen-lined ground squirrels and laboratory rats were monitored for their urea hydrolyzing ability by gut bacterial urease during periods of food availability and food deprivation. 2. 2. There did not appear to be a correlation between an animal's ability to hibernate and to expire 14CO2 from hydrolyzed 14C-urea injected intraperitoneally. 3. 3. In addition, fasting and water deprivation (characteristic of hibernation hypothermic bouts) resulted in a decrease in urea hydrolysis by all species except for the rat. It is speculated that urea hydrolysis may be more directly related to gut bacterial biomass or pH...
1. Arrest temperatures and Q10 values for extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus, trabecula, and jejunum muscle twitch strength, contraction time, and 0.5 relaxation time were calculated for a deep torpor hibernator, white-tailed prairie dog (WTPD) (Cynomys leucurus), a shallow torpor hibernator, black-tailed prairie dog (BTPD) (Cynomys ludovicianus), and a non-hibernator, lab rat (Rattus norvegicus) to test the hypothesis that tissue temperature tolerances limit the depth of expressed torpor. 2. There were no temperature tolerance differences between the tissues of the two species of hibernators. Both hibernating species had arrest temperatures and Q10 values more indicative of cold temperature tolerance than...
map background search result map search result map Long-term video surveillance and automated analyses of hibernating bats in Virginia and Indiana, winters 2011-2014. Long-term video surveillance and automated analyses of hibernating bats in Virginia and Indiana, winters 2011-2014.


text:
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. A rose (Rosa damascena) native to Asia that has fragrant red or pink flowers and is used as a source of attar.
GNU Webster's 1913
- adj. (Bot.) a large, pink, hardy, and very fragrant variety of rose (Rosa damascena) from Damascus.
- n. large hardy very fragrant pink rose; cultivated in Asia Minor as source of attar of roses; parent of many hybrids
- From Middle English Damask, Damascus; see damask. (American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition)
"It contains, among other pieces, the song entitled "Ask if the damask rose be sweet," from "Susannah, an oratorio by Mr. Handell," and also a minuet by the same"
"THE last we shall now mention seems nearly allied to the Alcea; the flowers are a size less than the Hibiscus, and of a fine damask rose colour, and are produced in great profusion on the tall pyramidal stems."
Travels Through North & South Carolina, Georgia, East & West Florida, the Cherokee Country, the Extensive Territories of the Muscogulges, or Creek Confederacy, and the Country of the Chactaws; Containing An Account of the Soil and Natural Productions of Those Regions, Together with Observations on the Manners of the Indians.
"And Ivy Lodge was indeed a pleasant home, and every field and hedge-row belonging to it was lovely to Eleanor; but the broad manors of Rythdale Priory for extent would swallow up many such, and for beauty and dignity were as a damask rose to a bit of eglantine."
These user-created lists contain the word 'damask rose'.
Fragrant things and terms that describe them. Generic names of botanical binomials aren't capitalized if the unconventional lower case form has a useful Wordnik definition. I'm primarily seeking te...
Looking for tweets for damask rose.


Microsoft's recommendation for troubleshooting SMTP and POP on an Exchange Server is to use protocol logs. However, logging can waste time and disk space as the logs accumulate. If you send a test message, you must go through all your logged email messages to find the message. In addition, opening the message is often time-consuming.
An alternative method I use for monitoring my Exchange server is to open Exchange System Manager (ESM) and navigate to the server that hosts the SMTP virtual server. Then, I highlight Current Sessions and hold down the F5 key. SMTP and POP connections display in the right-hand window.


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Data Science Orientation
Lab – Exploring Data
Rosie Reeves is an entrepreneurial middle-school student who sells homemade cold drinks from a stand
during the summer months. This summer, Rosie sold two flavors of drink (lemon and orange) at two
different locations (the beach and the park); and to promote her drinks stall, she distributed leaflets in the
local area. Rosie recorded details of her sales and leaflet distribution in a text file, along with a note of the
temperature each day.
In this lab, you will explore and visualize the data Rosie recorded.
Note: The figures used in the lab files for this lab are not the same as the figures used in the course
What You'll Need
To complete the labs, you will need the following:
 A Windows or Mac OS X computer running Excel 2016. If you do not have Excel 2016 installed,
you can sign up for a free trial of Office 365 at, and install Office
applications on your Windows PC or Mac.
 The lab files for this course. You can download and extract these from
Exercise 1: Exploring Data in Excel
In this exercise, you will use Excel to explore and visualize the data that Rosie had collected.
Import the Data into Excel
1. Create a new blank Excel workbook and import the text data from the Lemonade2016.csv
comma-delimited text file in the DAT101x_Labfiles folder where you extracted the lab files.
2. Format the imported data as a table.
Cleanse the Data
1. Find and remove any duplicate rows in the data.
2. Find and resolve any missing values in the data, either by interpolating missing values that are in
an obvious sequence, or by entering the average value for the column (rounded to the nearest
whole number) into any cells where a value is missing.
Add Derived Columns
1. Add a column named Sales to the table, in which the total sales of lemon and orange is
2. Add a column named Revenue to the table, in which the sales revenue is calculated by
multiplying the total sales and price.
3. In an empty cell below the table, insert a formula to calculate the total revenue for the summer,
and make a note of this value.
Find the Highest and Lowest Temperatures
1. Use conditional formatting to identify the top 10% and bottom 10% temperatures.
2. Note the highest and lowest temperatures.
Create Charts
1. Create a line chart that shows Date and Revenue. Then add a linear trendline to determine
whether the revenue trend is rising, falling, or staying level.
2. Create a scatter-plot chart that shows Leaflets on the X axis and Sales on the Y axis, and
determine whether any signs of linear correlation can be detected.
3. Create a histogram that shows Revenue distributed into 10 bins, and note whether the
distribution of this data is normal, left skewed, or right skewed.
Exercise 2: Using Statistics in Excel
In this exercise, you will use the Data Analysis Pack in Excel to apply some statistical functions to Rosie's
sales data.
Calculate Descriptive Statistics
1. Calculate descriptive statistics for the Temperature, Leaflets, Price, and Sales columns.
2. Note the mean, median, and mode for each column.
3. Note the range, sample variance, and standard deviation for each column.
Calculate Correlation
1. Determine the strength and direction of any correlations between the Temperature, Leaflets,
and Price columns and the Sales column.
Compare Sales of Lemon and Orange Flavors
1. Perform an appropriate test to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference
between sales of Lemon and Orange drinks.
Perform Regression
1. Perform regression using Sales as the Y input and Temperature, Leaflets, and Price as the X
2. Review the results of the regression, noting the relative significance of the input variables and
the intercept and weights applied to them to calculate the predicted value for Y.
3. Use the intercept and weights to calculate a predicted Y value for the following features:
 Temperature: 80
 Leaflets: 110
 Price: 0.35
4. Calculate predicted sales for the above scenario if the number of leaflets distributed is increased
to 120.