node" to use multiple machines while also running multiple John processes per machine. For example, to use two similar 8-core machines you may run "--fork=8 --node=1-8/16" on one of the machines and "--fork=8 --node=9-16/16" on the other. For a more complicated example, if you have an 8-core machine and a 64-core machine with similar per-core performance, you could run an OpenMP-enabled build on both of them and use "--node=1/9" (without "--fork") on the first machine (8 threads in 1 process) and "--fork=8 --node=2-9/9" on the 64-core machine (8 threads in 8 processes, for 64 threads total on this machine). With the current implementation, the node numbers range assigned to each John invocation must match the "--fork" process count.
When running with "--fork", multiple ".rec" files are created, which are then read back by "--status" and "--restore" if you use those options. Just like with other options, you must not specify "--fork" along with "--status" or "--restore", because these read the main (unnumbered) ".rec" file first, which contains the right "--fork" option in it, resulting in further (numbered) ".rec" files being read as appropriate.
Under the hood, "--fork" makes use of the same functionality that "--node" does, so the same efficiency and scalability limitations apply. Despite of those, "--fork" is often much more efficient than OpenMP - especially for fast to compute hash types (such as LM hashes), where OpenMP overhead is often unacceptable.
Similarly to "--node", there's almost no communication between the processes with "--fork". Hashes successfully cracked by one process continue being cracked by other processes. Just like with "--node", this is mostly OK for saltless hash types or when there's just one salt, but it is a serious drawback when many different salts are present and their number could potentially be decreasing as some hashes get cracked. To have the cracked hashes (and possibly salts) removed from all processes, you may interrupt and restore the session once in a while.
--format=NAME force hash type NAME
Allows you to override the hash type detection. As of John the Ripper version 1.8.0, valid "format names" are descrypt, bsdicrypt, md5crypt, bcrypt, LM, AFS, tripcode, dummy, and crypt (and many more are added in jumbo). You can use this option when you're starting a cracking session or along with one of: "--test", "--show", "--make-charset". Note that John can't crack hashes of different types at the same time. If you happen to get a password file that uses more than one hash type, then you have to invoke John once for each hash type and you need to use this option to make John crack hashes of types other than the one it would autodetect by default.
"--format=crypt" may or may not be supported in a given build of John. In default builds of John, this support is currently only included on Linux and Solaris. When specified (and supported), this option makes John use the system's crypt(3) or crypt_r(3) function. This may be needed to audit password hashes supported by the system, but not yet supported by John's own optimized cryptographic routines. Currently, this is the case for glibc 2.7+ SHA-crypt hashes as used by recent versions of Fedora and Ubuntu, and for SunMD5 hashes supported (but not used by default) on recent versions of Solaris. In fact, you do not have to explicitly specify "--format=crypt" for hashes of these specific types unless you have other hash types (those supported by John natively) in the password file(s) as well (in which case another hash type may get detected unless you specify this option).
"--format=crypt" is also a way to make John crack crypt(3) hashes of different types at the same time, but doing so results in poor performance and in unnecessarily poor results (in terms of passwords cracked) for hashes of the "faster" types (as compared to the "slower" ones loaded for cracking at the same time). So you are advised to use separate invocations of John, one per hash type.
Additional utilities (compiled/installed along with John).
There are some related utilities in John's run directory. (Depending on platform, these may be symlinks to the main John program binary.)
Combines the "passwd" and "shadow" files (when you already have access to both) for use with John. You might need this since if you only used your shadow file, the "Full Name" or "GECOS" information wouldn't be used by the "single crack" mode (thus reducing its efficiency) and you wouldn't be able to use the "--groups" and "--shells" options and to select by UID with "--users". You probably also want to see all of the passwd file fields with "--show".
You'll usually want to redirect the output of "unshadow" to a file which you then pass to John.
Gets password hashes out of the binary AFS database and produces output usable by John (you should redirect the output to a file).
Removes duplicates from a wordlist (read from stdin) without changing the order of entries. You might want to use this with John's "--stdout" option if you've got a lot of disk space to trade for the reduced cracking time (on possibly trying some duplicates as they might be produced with word mangling rules).
There are also some related scripts supplied in John's run directory. (Binary packages of John may choose to install these along with the documentation instead.)
relbench is a Perl script to compare two "john --test" benchmark runs, such as for different machines, "make" targets, C compilers, optimization options, or/and versions of John the Ripper. To use it, redirect the output of each "john --test" run to a file, then run the script on the two files. Most values output by the script indicate relative performance seen on the second benchmark run as compared to the first one, with the value of 1.0 indicating no change, values higher than 1.0 indicating speedup, and values lower than 1.0 indicating slowdown. Specifically, the script outputs the minimum, maximum, median, and geometric mean for the speedup (or slowdown) seen across the many individual benchmarks that "john --test" performs. It also outputs the median absolute deviation (relative to the median) and geometric standard deviation (relative to the geometric mean). Of these two, a median absolute deviation of 0.0 would indicate that no deviation from the median is prevalent, whereas a geometric standard deviation of 1.0 would indicate that all benchmarks were sped up or slowed down by the exact same ratio or their speed remained unchanged. In practice, these values will tend to deviate from 0.0 and 1.0, respectively.
A shell script to send mail to all users whose passwords got cracked. This is not always a good idea, though, since lots of people do not check their e-mail or ignore such messages, and the messages can be a hint for crackers.
You should probably deploy proactive password strength checking, such as with passwdqc, before you ask users to change their passwords - whether using this script or otherwise. And you should edit the message inside the script before possibly using it.
This is a script to (re-)generate the.chr files using passwords in john.pot and applying all of the defined external mode filters. To speed it up on a sufficiently large computer (RAM and CPUs), "&" may be added after the John invocation inside the script (to run all of them in parallel).
$Owl: Owl/packages/john/john/doc/OPTIONS,v 1.20 2016/01/21 05:10:00 solar Exp $


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Our National Parks
4th Grade, Research and Inquiry Activities
2. Read the instructions and click on Game 1.
3. Click on the antlers that look as though they belong on an elk. Next, drag and drop the antlers onto the elk in the photo. Then, click on the "Check out your answer" button. If you don't succeed, click on the "Go back" button to try again. Keep playing until you match the antlers with the elk. Then, read the facts about the animal. How heavy is the average bull elk?
4. Click on Back to the Games. Then, click on Game 2. This game is played in the same way. Do your best to match the antelope with its horns. When you succeed, read the facts. How do pronghorns defend themselves against predators?
5. Click on Back to the Games. Then, click on Game 3. When you succeed, read the facts. How fast can a jackrabbit run?
After you answer correctly, you may click on Back at the top of the screen and put horns or antlers on the rabbit. See how funny you can make the rabbit look!
6. Click on Back to the Games. Then, click on Game 4. When you succeed, read the facts. What used to be held up for days while bison crossed their path?
For additional information on national parks go to _URL_

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Mobile operators are all set to turn into dump pipes, with GSMA predicting their data revenues overtaking voice revenues globally by 2018 as we move towards a fully connected world. A surge in demand for connected devices and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications is driving this trend, transforming the "socioeconomic future of people" in both developed and developing countries.
In developed countries:
- mHealth could save $400 billion in healthcare costs
- Connected cars could save one in nine lives through emergency calling services
- mEducation can reduce student drop-outs by eight per cent or 1.8 million children
- Smart metering can cut carbon emissions by 27 million tones – the equivalent of planting 1.2 billion trees
In developing countries:
- mHealth can help save one million lives in sub-Saharan Africa
- mAutomotive will improve food transport and storage, which could help feed more than 40 million people annually – equivalent to entire the population of Kenya
- mEducation can enable 180 million students to further their education
- Intelligent transport systems could reduce commute times by 35 per cent, giving commuters back a whole week each year
Before I let you go, it's worth adding that during last year, Japan became the first country where data revenues exceeded voice revenues, due largely to the availability of advanced mobile broadband networks and a higher adoption of the latest smartphones, tablets and connected devices.
And you can learn more about this from the full "Connected Living" report, available from here.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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What is the meaning of Christmas in the English language?
Christ + mas = Christmas?
Is it because Christ is associated with a cross that it sometimes reads X-mas?
And where is the mas coming from?
I am Portuguese, and in my language we call "Natal" what you call "Christmas", which are very different words. Sometimes our languages have similarities in origins, but both seem very different in this case.


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Digital storytelling offers a combination of traditional storytelling and new technologies that is attracting attention from feminist researchers aiming to co-create research in empowering ways for participants, allowing them to collaborate, build shared awareness of issues, and share their priority issues with decision-makers and power-holders. This article focuses on digital storytelling in research into the role of Mothers' Associations in influencing families, communities, and political decision-makers to promote girls' education in Benin.
How to cite this resource
Citation styles vary so we recommend you check what is appropriate for your context. You may choose to cite Oxfam resources as follows:
Author(s)/Editor(s). (Year of publication). Title and sub-title. Place of publication: name of publisher. DOI (where available). URL
Our FAQs page has some examples of this approach.


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One of the mysteries of the English language finally explained.
Refrain or prevent others from disturbing civil order.'the police must play a crucial role in keeping the peace'
- 'He's said nice, placatory things, and he's kept the peace, but we need more than that to drive the country forward.'
- 'I compromised my own self in order to keep the peace and stave off confrontation.'
- 'When I was a kid, the police in my town mostly kept the peace.'
- 'She is a very level-headed, capable person and is good at keeping the peace.'
- 'It is the program that kept the peace for six years.'
- 'It is regrettable if she was upset by the incident, but the action was taken in the interests of keeping the peace.'
- 'I mean, they are experts in security and keeping the peace.'
- 'Well, first of all, let's remember that mutual deterrence and arms control has kept the peace for 50 years.'
- 'Occasionally, we may have to lend practical support for keeping the peace and protecting life and liberty in the face of internal and external aggression.'
- 'Of the utmost importance to them here is keeping the peace.'
Top tips for CV writingRead more
In this article we explore how to impress employers with a spot-on CV.


This module is for Grades: 9-10 Welcome
Literary fiction uses many techniques to share theme with a reader, including developing complex characters. In this English Language Arts (ELA) module, you will practice skills that will identify how characterization helps the development of theme in a literary work. Learning to read literary fiction closely will help you have more assurance and confidence in your ELA classes.
In this module you will be reading a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne titled "The Ambitious Guest." As you complete activities in the module, you will learn strategies and techniques for identifying the theme and details to help you read more closely and efficiently.
Module Objectives
 - Trace the development of complex characters throughout a story.
 - Identify how the development of complex characters reveals theme.
 - Identify how plot and setting reveal information about complex characters.
 - Understand the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary and phrases by using context clues.
 - Support analysis with textual evidence.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Nathaniel Hawthorne was a 19th century American writer, whose work includes short stories, poems, essays and novels.
Image credit: Library of Congress via WikipediaOpens a new window
 - Read and comprehend literary fiction.
 - Identify complex characters and their development through a text.
 - Identify the theme in literary fiction.
 - Identify and understand unfamiliar words and phrases by using context clues.


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Keywords: industrial sectors, knowledge management, Asia, model construction, innovation
Industry as the knowledge base: the way Asians integrate knowledge from academic, industrial, and public sectors
Knowledge Management (KM) has played a critical role in innovation and technology management-related fields over the past decades. Most KM studies investigate related issues from the perspectives of an organisational or firm-to-firm level. Many firms create and sustain their innovativeness and capability via their counterparts within and across the industry, and their KM activities occur at the industrial level. The members of the KM activities may include firms, research and academic institutes, governments, and even their competitors and clients. This study takes industry as the knowledge base and explores the content of Industry-based Knowledge Management (IKM) and how it is practiced in Asia. IKM is classified as four modes – knowledge clustering, enlarging, exchanging, and initiating. Some practical IKM cases in Japan, South Korea, China and Taiwan are reviewed to verify the model and to clarify the IKM contents of each mode. Suggestions and directions toward IKM practices and research for the future are given.


How Many Christians Are There Really in Australia? And Who Does Not Answer the Religion Question on the Census?
Most overseas publications say that 67 per cent of Australians are Christian (see, for example, the Pew Research Centre, p.49). Most Australian publications say that it is 61 per cent. Both figures are based on the 2011 Australian Population Census, but interpret the data differently. Overseas scholars usually take the 'missing data', the people who have not responded to the question out of the equation. In other words, those people who do not answer the question are assumed to be 'religious' to the same extent as the rest of the population. Australian scholars report the missing data as one of the 'responses'. On the other hand, a number of religious groups argue that the census under counts them. What do we know about those who do not respond to the question?
In 2011, more than 1.8 million Australians did not answer the question about religion on the census form. These people represent 8.6 per cent of the Australian population: a sizeable group. Indeed, there are sufficient numbers here to alter our understanding of the religious profile of Australia. The question about religion is the one optional question on the census. Thus, people who do not wish to answer it may well choose not to do so. There are no penalties. Given that the optional nature of the question is stated on the form, it is surprising that so many people chose to answer the question.
While filling in the census is compulsory for all Australians, many people fail to answer all questions and each Census, some people do not complete a census form at all. The numbers of people not filling in a form are based on the local census collector's count of people in the area and compared with the actual number of forms received and from a special survey conducted by the ABS called the 'Census Post Enumeration Survey' (PES).
Another 1 million people completed a census form, but did not answer the question about religion. Data tables from the Australian Bureau of Statistics do not distinguish these people from those who did not complete a census form. However, they are a different group of people and many of them would have had specific reasons for not answering the religion question.
A possible reason for not answering the religion question is that people feel that religion is something personal and should not be something 'registered' in any way with the government. Some immigrants may feel this way because of personal experience of governments misusing information about religion, such as by oppressing particular religious groups. Another reason why people may wish to leave this question blank is simply that they have never thought about religion or have no opinion about it.
For more information see: Pointers, Volume 24, No. 1, Pages 7-11
Comments are closed.


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Olympic Medalists May Also Claim 'Survival Advantage'
FRIDAY, Dec. 14 (HealthDay News) -- Olympic medal winners live longer than people in the general population, but athletes who do highor moderate-intensity sports have no survival advantage over those who do low-intensity activities such as golf, according to two new studies.
In one study, researchers looked at more than 15,000 athletes who won medals at the Olympics between 1896 and 2010 and found that they lived an average of 2.8 years longer than people in the general population.
This survival advantage was similar among athletes who won either gold, silver or bronze medals and among those who won medals in endurance and mixed sports. Athletes who won medals in "power" sports had a smaller, but still significant, survival advantage over people in the general population.
The study was not designed to determine why Olympic medal winners live longer, but "possible explanations include genetic factors, physical activity, healthy lifestyle, and the wealth and status that come from international sporting glory," wrote Philip Clarke, of the Melbourne School of Population Health at the University of Melbourne in Australia, and colleagues.
In the other study, also published online Dec. 13 in the BMJ, researchers compared death rates and different levels of sports intensity among nearly 10,000 athletes who took part in the Olympics between 1896 and 1936. They found that athletes in sports with high cardiovascular intensity (such as cycling and rowing) or moderate intensity (such as gymnastics and tennis) had death rates similar to those in low-intensity sports such as golf or cricket.
They also found that athletes in sports with high levels of physical contact -- such as boxing, rugby and ice hockey -- had an 11 percent higher risk of death than other athletes.
This increased risk of death reflects the effects of repeated collisions and injuries over time, Frouke Engelaer, of the Leyden Academy on Vitality and Aging in the Netherlands, and colleagues said in a journal news release.
Everyone could enjoy the "survival advantage" of elite athletes by just meeting physical activity guidelines, according to an accompanying editorial by Professor Adrian Bauman, of the School of Public Health at Sydney University in Australia, and a colleague.
They wrote that people who do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate to vigorous exercise could live one to several years longer than inactive people.
"Although the evidence points to a small survival effect of being an Olympian, careful reflection suggests that similar health benefits and longevity could be achieved by all of us through regular physical activity," they concluded. "We could and should all award ourselves that personal gold medal."
The U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute offers a guide to physical activity.
SOURCE: BMJ, news release, Dec. 13, 2012


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Learn about nouns connected with food in this vocabulary activity.
How difficult was this activity?Too easy
Practise plural endings. Choose the correct ending for different groups of people in this vocabulary and grammar exercise.
This writing, grammar and vocabulary exercise practises the informal language used in emails. Choose the correct informal way to finish the sentences in the email.
Practise completing a form with the correct information in this writing and vocabulary activity.


text:
There is a big difference between' junk food' calories and calories from a healthy meal 11 cheap and easy high protein homemade snacks tags. Best answer: well, there are many things you can compare and contrast when it comes to fast food vs home-cooked meals such things are convenience, nutrition, cost, portion control, emotional impact, etc. What is the difference between fast food and junk food the set of fast food can include a quick green leafy salad with a light oil-and-vinegar home-made. If we compare fast food vs home-cooked meals nutritional values, fast food is high in salt, artery-clogging cholesterol, and calories a single meal at a fast food chain can cost you all the calories you consume in a day. Fast food and home-made food have considerable dissimilarities in preparation time, convenience, and quality nowadays, fast food attracts people more than home-made food does it's known as the food that you don't have to prepare.
2 differentiate between junk & healthy food 3 the price difference between healthy food cost comparison although fast food can be cheaper than following a. The similarities and differences between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals today everyone is working, so you probably won't find a hot meal in the kitchen everyday - the similarities and differences between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals introduction. Winston pettit instructor rebecca starring english 1101 compare and contrast essay food home cooked vs fast food there are some people that would prefer.
Benefits of fast food restaurants in the united states, the popularity of fast food restaurants is growing every day now days, people can buy a whole meal in fast food restaurants for between 6 to 7 dollars. Fast casual versus fast food the chart below shows the difference between fast food foot traffic and fast casual foot traffic since 2009 -- all numbers are year over year: compare brokers. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word final draft of your compare-and-contrast essay compare and contrast fast food vs home made food transitions within and between. Fast food comparison faq just in case anything in the above comparison was a little unclear, here is a quick q&a that will hopefully clear it all up and answer any.
What is the difference between homemade food and restaurant food what is the difference between shopmade food and homemade food how do i make fast homemade. Between restaurant and fast food, restaurant meals are often seen as the healthier of the two dining options fast foods are often fried and loaded with saturated fat and sodium until recently. The difference between fast food and restaurants written on 10/22/2014 by tuffy 3 comments i love food and i love eating out specifically in restaurants.
3 the price difference between healthy food & fast food but if you're replacing more and more homemade meals with fast food fare, you could be missing. To compare take like a hamburger from mcdonalds and compare it to a homemade hamburger and see if there any difference also you could do some home cooking your self just make sure you don't burn down the house and compare it to the fast food. We will write a custom essay sample on fast food vs home food specifically for you for only $1638 $139/page nutrition – fast food fast food and homemade food. Why i chose this topic similarities and differences between fast food and homemade food main differences and similarities references-moore, e.
Compare and contrast essay: consuming fresh foods instead of canned foods difference between fresh and canned food is the cost that is involved in. The controversy of whether fast food is superior to home-cooked food has been long in question this essay will elaborate on the similarities and dissimilarities of these aforementioned types of food there are many commonalities between the two the first noticable similarity is that they both. Twofoods is an online food comparison tool that helps you choose healthy foods.
There are a lot of reasons why people choose homemade food versus fast food both homemade food and soul food taste good, however homemade food offers a variety of history, emotions, and memories of different. Another difference is that fast food can be cooked is a short time compare to home cooked meals however fast food needed ten minutes but home cooked needed half an hour to cook yet another difference is that fast food contains a lot of fat, also home cooked had, but the fast food had more than home-cooked.
Although there are some similarities between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals, there are also many differences between them the first important difference is that the food is more cleaner in your home than the fast food in restaurants. The difference between fast food and homemade meals over the past years people have been eating more fast food sure fast food is good for on the go and becoming healthier ever year. Fast food vs home cooked meals food plays a pivotal role in maintaining proper health making home-made food also saves a lot of cash fast foods cause.


Set the Document Root Path
Tugboat does not try to guess where your document root lives in your repository. Likewise, it does not try to guess where a web server image expects to serve the default document root from. This means you are responsible for making this link in your configuration file
Each web server image expects the document root to be in a different location. This is a side effect of using the Official Docker Images. The images provided by Tugboat store this document root location in an environment variable named $DOCROOT for convenience.
Use this configuration to link the document root to a directory named /docroot in your git repository. This works for the following images provided by Tugboat: tugboatqa/httpd, tugboatqa/nginx, tugboatqa/php:apache
 image: tugboatqa/httpd
 - ln -snf "${TUGBOAT_ROOT}/docroot" "${DOCROOT}"


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Switching Devices--All controls and switching devices shall be applied in a fail safe design that complies with the following:
1. Shall start through energization.
2. Shall stop through de-energization, i.e., shunt trip units are not allowed.
3. Stop switches shall take precedence over associated start switches.
a. Hold stop / start switch open.
b. Close start / on switch.
c. Equipment shall not start, power up turn on or cycle.
7.7 Control Location
7.7.1 Operator Controls. Operator controls:
1. Shall be within easy reach by operator in normal operating position.
2. Shall not require the operator to reach past spindles or other moving parts.
7.7.2 Nonoperator Controls. Nonoperator controls shall be located such that accidental or unauthorized operator adjustment or operation is unlikely and will not create a hazard.
7.7.3 Control Enclosures. Control enclosures shall be designed to prevent accidental operation of controls by the equipment or the operator. They:
1. Shall be securely mounted in a clean and dry location.
2. Shall be mounted not more than 6.5 ft. or less than 12 in. above the operating floor line.
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Boulder Dome concept art
|The following is based on Van Buren and has not been confirmed by canon sources.|
The Boulder Dome is a massive scientific research facility overshadowing the city of Boulder in 2253. It was built as a structure specifically designed to withstand a direct nuclear attack. Surrounding the structure are the blasted remains of the city of Boulder (also see: Boulder), with what's left of it being hazardously contaminated with radiation and toxic waste.
Inside the dome lives a desperate team of scientists that have been infected by a strange disease known as the New Plague. In addition to fighting the disease, they have been trying to keep their ZAX unit from cannibalizing its memory—which contains very important research data on the New Plague—to such an extent that it stops working. Beset by glowing ghouls and a large pack of cannibal primitives, the dome faces extinction.
Before the Great WarEdit
Boulder was long a place where advanced scientific research took place. Supported by money from Denver's industry and an active military presence, Boulder scientists made advances in medicine (bio-med gel was invented here), alternate energy sources, robotics, and even developed a power armor prototype. Construction of the research dome was not considered until the nearby Rocky Mountain Arsenal had a leakage of toxic waste, creating a poisonous cloud that swept through Denver, killing many. In reaction, the military funded a program to create a self-sustaining research dome, making it resistant to a nuclear attack, and having the primary research inside be dedicated to the New Plague. This "city of the future" was to be a prototype for settlements on the moon and other planets.
Then the war with China began. Boulder became a hotbed of political activity, as most of the scientists were naturally suspect of the military. When reports of plague outbreaks in Denver surfaced, many in Boulder feared that an exodus from that city would come here and infect them; they fled north, the scientists staying in a cold sleep stasis deep within the dome. When the war started, and bombs were flying, Cheyenne Mountain (a military facility, home of NORAD) was a primary target. A huge section of the mountains became a great radioactive smoking crater. Coupled with attacks on Denver and the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Boulder was involuntarily included in a triangle of hellish death; yet 170 years later, the dome still stands.
After the WarEdit
170 years later, an NCR scientist named Goddard and his military escort travels through the region, establishing power generators and noting the locations of old-world power facilities. His report to NCR is noticed by Victor Presper, who sends him out again to investigate certain areas in the old America's southwest. After Goddard returns, Presper and a small team of soldiers investigate Boulder dome, finding it in need of repair but containing excellent labs and a fully-functioning ZAX unit. Over the next few years Presper invites or sends scientists and students to the Boulder Dome, where he explains his idea to remake civilization. Those who refuse are put in cold sleep, using technology the original Dome scientists developed to aid space travel. Presper knows he can harness the CODE (Challenge, Opportunity, Discipline, Ethics) technology developed there to convince them to cooperate anyway, but not until he needs to. Not yet known by most people, Presper was one of the scientists who woke up in the Dome after his cold sleep, nearly 70 years after the war.
Four years ago, when things start to fall apart out in NCR, Presper sent out his last team of scientists and grad students. Agnes, a fellow NCR scientist and frequent diplomat from the scientific community to the government, is the leader of the expedition. Using her skills and a "diplomatic immunity" pass she carried, she makes her way to Hoover Dam. Two days later, the NCR Congress building is destroyed, presumably in a conflict with the Brotherhood of Steel.
The destruction of the congressional building is a severe upset to NCR and travel becomes difficult. Only by circuitous routes and careful display of her pass is Agnes' expedition able to reach Hoover Dam a year later. She runs into Goddard, a former colleague (they were both scientific advisers to NCR at one point). Goddard knows Eddie Galenski, a long-haul trucker with an armored vehicle, and together the large group makes its way to Boulder Dome. The group includes Agnes and the grad students, Goddard and his military escort, Galenski, his wife Helen, and their children. Though they lose a few students along the way, they eventually reach Boulder Dome and enter using the passcodes Presper gave them. In a strange accident the scientists and grad students are infected with a form of the New Plague and are forced to quarantine themselves from Goddard's soldiers and the trucker family; after two months trying to fight the disease, the scientists realize that they're stuck with it for now and have to live in protective suits whenever they want to interact with the rest of the Dome population.
As of two years ago, things had stabilized. Everyone had a routine, mainly around constantly repairing problems with the dome (mainly from wear and neglect). There's enough to do that it keeps everyone from going crazy. The scientists worry that the soldiers and truckers might leave them, and if that happens, they're probably doomed. One of the grad students (Paul) discovers the Sleepers in a deep level of the facility – the scientists Presper sent here and put to sleep to help with his new world order. Xian starts her "hikes" and discovers ZAX.
A year ago, the first glowing ghoul showed up on the north end of town, collapsed, and died. The scientists mark the body with radioactive warnings, debate how to dispose of it (like dumping cement on it). Paul finds that ZAX is almost out of storage space at the rate he's going. With no storage space, ZAX won't be able to run the dome and will start doing damage. They need to get other storage media to hold info. (Holodisks/holotapes/holodisk tapes, all the same thing). If no solution, ZAX will have to start cannibalizing his own memory storage, eating Boulder research as he does so.
They start hearing some broadcasts from Denver, but don't answer because they fear being attacked (esp. from diseased people).
8 months before the PC arrives: Two glowing ghouls show up within a three-day period. The soldiers start getting paranoid, thinking they're in ghoul territory. Sgt Larsen, going stir-crazy, wants to take some Rad-Away, find the ghoul colony, and kill them all. Goddard says no, but Agnes suggests he consider it to let them "let off some steam."
6 months ago: Galenski is told they need storage (by now they basically need a "datacan", though holodisks will help stave it off). He makes a run west to find some but fails. While out he runs into a pack of Jackals, kills all but one, and heads home. The lone Jackal runs to his tribe and tells them about the truck, the man, and where he went. The Jackals stop fighting among their own tribes and move out in search of this new food source. Jimmy T the super mutant (found later at Denver) is with them.
Another glowbug shows up. Larsen's team is given RadAway and start doing patrols. Agnes says taking RadAway for too long is dangerous. Larsen realizes that means they won't be giving it to them any more, so he starts exaggerating how many ghouls they find so they can justify getting more RadAway to deal with them.
Jimmy T leaves the Jackals because he knows the Daughter of Hecate probably doesn't want him around and he doesn't want to be a sacrifice.
5 months ago: Jimmy T goes to Helen and Galenski and asks them to ship him south. The soldiers say no, but Helen and Galenski allow it because Jimmy once healed one of their kids when he was sick.
Wagner (the ghoul from Denver) shows up in Boulder, scouting around the outskirts, but is driven off by shots from the soldiers who assume he's a glowbug. Wagner realizes things are hostile toward ghouls here. He scouts further south (and checks out Rocky Mountain Arsenal on the way to Boulder).
A few more Jackals start showing up.
4 months ago: Galenski makes a run to Denver in response to the radio transmissions. Surprised, he finds the salvagers have a lot of good stuff. He trades them ammunition, minor tools, and medical supplies in exchange for dog meat, computer chips, and holodisks. On the way back he faces some Jackals but fails to kill any of them.
Problems continue between the scientists and the soldiers. Larsen and his men succumb to addiction and their addiction is apparent.
3 months ago: Jackals organize in strength in this region. Though they originally try attacking the dome, they quickly realize the truck is an easier target.
2 months ago: Problems with the soldiers get worse. Patrols become erratic. Larsen becomes paranoid. When another ghoul wanders in, the scientists accuse the soldiers of not doing enough, or anything at all. Larsen pulls a gun on a scientist and tells them to surrender their med supplies for "one last patrol." Goddard agrees, and secretly decides to close them outside to starve and die. He only tells Agnes about this "exile"... the others just think they haven't returned.
1 month ago: The soldiers return to find the dome


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Students will learn about the different community helpers.
First, you will tell the children about the different community helpers and what they do. Here is a list that you can discuss with the students:
Policemen, firemen, banker, store clerk, secretary, teacher, principal, trash collector, nurse, and doctor.
After that, you can give the students their worksheet and have them match the community helper with their duties. Worksheet on Community Helpers
Directions match the community helper with what they do.
Column A Column B
1. Policemen Puts out fires
2. Firemen Works in a store
3. Banker Helps their boss
4. Store Clerk Teaches children
5. Secretary Protects people
6. Teacher Supervises teachers
7. Principal Helps doctors
8. Doctor Cares for patients
9. Nurse Picks up trash
10.Trash Collector Deals with money
You can grade the students on the number correct out of the total possible.
- Physical Education
- Reading & Writing
- Social Studies
- Special Education


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David Robert Jones (born 8 January 1947), known professionally by his stage name David Bowie (/ˈboʊ.i/), is an English musician, singer-songwriter, actor and arranger. Bowie has been a major figure in the world of popular music for over four decades, and is renowned as an innovator, particularly for his work in the 1970s. He is known for his distinctive voice as well as the intellectual depth and eclecticism of his work.
Bowie first caught the eye and ear of the public in July 1969 when his song "Space Oddity" reached the top five of the UK Singles Chart. After a three-year period of experimentation he re-emerged in 1972 during the glam rock era with the flamboyant, androgynous alter ego Ziggy Stardust, spearheaded by the hit single "Starman" and the album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars. Bowie's impact at that time, as described by biographer David Buckley, "challenged the core belief of the rock music of its day" and "created perhaps the biggest cult in popular culture." The relatively short-lived Ziggy persona proved merely one facet of a career marked by continual reinvention, musical innovation and striking visual presentation.


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By Anna Hoefnagels
As with most cultures around the world, the dances of Native people in Canada are a form of celebration while also serving important spiritual or sacred purposes. Changes to various dance styles happen over time as they adapt to new external and internal influences. We can trace many contemporary dances to earlier social practices, and in some cases, specific dates and persons can be ascertained for certain changes and innovations.
Borrowing has always been a part of Native culture, with groups readily sharing their social dances and traditions with one another. The origin and development of the powwow is a good example of this sharing among groups over time. As a result of this sharing, and the passing of traditions from one generation to the next, there is often no definitive version of a dance. This renewal of traditional practices illustrates the vitality of and commitment to Native cultural expressions. Dancing takes place on reserves and in urban contexts, publicly and privately, for pleasure, entertainment, introspection and to reconnect with Mother Earth, Native culture and other Native people.
Many Native dances originated prior to contact with non-Natives. Other contemporary dances can be traced to pre-reserve traditions and customs. The resilience of First Peoples is clear when considering the ways in which the retention, adaptation, transformation, and renewal of dances occurs. Despite strenuous assimilation efforts and inevitable interaction with local non-Natives, Native dance and culture remain central to many Native people as they continue to promote their identity and heritage through dance, music and celebration.
* * *


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sixtieth anniversary of the victory over fascism, a public action called the St. George Ribbon was held. It was initiated by the RIA Novosti news agency and the Student Community ROOSPM.
From this time on, the Guards Ribbon was again called the St. George, and the actions dedicated to it became annual.Thousands of activists hand out ribbons to those who wish in this way to express their gratitude to our veterans. Black and gold ribbons, symbolizing the courage and heroism of Russian soldiers, are attached to the clothes, bags and antennas of cars. The action is held under the motto "I remember, I am proud." Thus, the story of the St. George Ribbon, briefly outlined in this article, has been continued.


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THE SHRINKAGE OF A WATER SURFACE:
SAN FRANCISCO BAY
THE SHRINKAGE OF A WATER SURFACE:
COPYRIGHT © 2001 Paul R. Baumann
San Francisco Bay, a water body of inspiring beauty and imposing magnitude, covers an area of over 450 square miles (1,165.5 square kilometers) in size. Outlined by softly shaped hills and low mountains it extends for approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) in its north-south length and from 12 miles (19 kilometers) down to one (1.6 kilometers) mile in its east-west width. It opens to the Pacific Ocean through a spectacular gap called the Golden Gate. The Bay provides a large and refreshing open space for the millions of people who live and work in the crowded urban and suburban landscapes ringing its shores.
Figure 1 provides an overview of the Bay region. This Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)digital image was recorded during the late spring period of 1999. It is a true color composite generated by combining ETM+ spectral bands 3 (visible-red), 2 (visible-green), and 1 (visible-blue) as red, green, and blue, respectively. The image covers the San Francisco Bay and Delta region. The cities of San Francisco and Oakland can be seen to the left of center. The bright white areas correspond to urban areas, which surround the Bay. San Pablo and Suisun Bays are to the northwest of center and the Sacramento River is shown in the north/northeast portion of the image. The combination of the three visible bands makes it possible to detect the flow of water and build-up of sedimentation within the Bay. The large green areas in the northeast section of the image are agricultural fields in the Delta region of the Central Valley of California. The bright green colored features at the south end of the Bay are diked salt ponds.
This biologically rich and psychologically serene environment is quietly and steadily being modified by the encroachment of various human activities. The Bay is shrinking in size through different sedimentation processes. The goal of this instructional module is to develop a methodology using satellite imagery to identify those water areas within the Bay facing the immediate danger of disappearing and determine the amount of area in immediate danger. This methodology employs a Landsat 7 ETM+ data set (taken July 7, 1999), which covers a study area of 1501 rows by 1501 elements in size. This data set not only includes San Francisco Bay but also the urban development around it.
The Problem: The Shrinkage of the Bay
San Francisco Bay is facing some major environmental problems, foremost among these is the sedimentation, and thereby, the shrinkage of the Bay. In 1850, San Francisco Bay along with San Pablo and Suisun bays covered around 680 square miles (1761 square kilometers). By 1970, 250 square miles (647 square kilometers) of water surface, mainly around the shores, had disappeared. See Figure 2. This rapid reduction in the size of the Bay corresponds to the growth and spread of human activities around the Bay's shoreline, initially as agricultural development and salt pond construction followed by industrialization and urbanization. Diking and filling in with trash and dry fill to create land for port facilities, airports, roads, industrial-commercial developments, and housing areas has been the main justification for reducing the bay's overall size. Diking has also been done to make salt ponds.
Figure 3, produced under Project Gigalopolis at the University of California at Santa Barbara, shows the development and spread (in red) of the urban landscape within the Bay area from 1800 to 2100. The years from 1800 to 1990 are based on actual census counts and the years after 1990 relate to population projections. In 1990, the San Francisco-Oakland Metropolitan area had a population of over six million people, making it the fourth largest urban concentration in the United States. In displaying the future population growth around the Bay, Figure 3 is also illustrating the magnitude of the problem of keeping the Bay from shrinking.
Of the nearly 430 square miles (1114 square kilometers) left, little over half is less than 12 feet (3.66 meters) deep and can be easily and quickly filled. If filled, the Bay would shrink to 187 square miles (484 square kilometers) and sections would be basically converted into rivers. Unlike the Chesapeake, Delaware, and other bays located along the Atlantic coastline, San Francisco Bay rests completely within the political domain of one state. However, its shores fall within nine counties and thirty-two cities with various vested interests. To complicate further the jurisdiction and control issue, about twenty-two percent of the Bay's bottomland is in private ownership with another twenty-three percent owned by cities and other local governments. Most of this bottomland is situated around the Bay's present shoreline where most future development is likely to occur. California controls about fifty percent of the Bay's bottom and the Federal government only has about five percent. Fortunately, the U.S. Corps of Engineers now has jurisdiction over all tidelands below mean high tide within the Bay. Because of this jurisdiction permits are now required for any diking or filling in, and to obtain a permit public notification and an environmental impact study are required. In addition, the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC) was established to bring together the various interest groups concerned about the use and development of the Bay and to prepare a plan. The BCDC points out that as the result of its efforts the filling process has dropped from 2300 acres (931 ha) per year before 1965 to now 15 acres (6 ha) per year. Also, the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge was created in the southern part of the bay and most of the salt ponds reside within the refuge. Pond diking can significantly modify tidal zone habitats where salt water and fresh water blend to form biologically rich environments. These various governmental attempts to protect the Bay can have an impact on the large and more publicized endeavors to fill in sections of the Bay.
However, the harder issue relates to how to control the acceleration of sedimentation due mainly to the increased paving of urban and suburban land surfaces which creates more and faster runoff of storm water. Due to growing environmental concerns about storm water runoff, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) act was passed. The goal of NPDES is the reduction and elimination of pollutants in storm water discharge from large and medium size municipal storm sewer systems. Large sewer systems serve populations greater than 250,000 and medium size systems deal with populations between 100,000 and 250,000. In the implementation of this act, the United States Environmental Protection Agency published a series of regulations in November 1990 requiring municipalities and industries to obtain NPDES storm water permits. Since no Federal funds were made available to achieve this mandated program, each local government has been faced with finding funds within its own budget, which generally means an increase in local property taxes.
The Physical Environment
The climate of the Bay area can be described best as having warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Under the Koeppen climatic classification system the area is defined as a Coastal Mediterranean climate (Csb). September is the warmest month with daily temperatures generally in the 70's. January is the coolest month but winter temperatures rarely reach the freezing level. It is slightly warmer on the east shore of the Bay than the west shore. Total rainfall is about 20 inches during the year, coming predominately in the winter. Figure 4 is a climatic data chart showing the monthly average temperatures and precipitation levels at the Oakland Airport. It illustrates the mild temperatures throughout the year and the summer dry condition. Fog, generally associated with San Francisco, occurs mainly on the Pacific side of the city. The coastal mountains and hills keep most of the daytime fog from reaching within the Bay area.
During the summer the climate is associated with stable air coming from a subtropical high-pressure cell located over the Pacific Ocean, near the California coast. Being so close to the land, due to the California cold ocean current, the air from the cell has little opportunity to collect any moisture from water surfaces to provide rainfall. Precipitation amounts, during this period of the year, correspond to semiarid and arid conditions. During the winter when the entire global circulation system migrates southward, the subtropical high-pressure cell situated off of the California coast shifts south. This movement allows the westerlies from the cell to travel over more water before reaching the Bay area, and thereby, bringing in more precipitation. This rain comes mainly in the form of cyclonic precipitation but the hills throughout the Bay area do produce some orographic rainfall. In some years the subtropical high-pressure cell does not shift away from its summer position resulting in a dry winter. After the normal dry summer, a dry winter followed by a second dry summer results in a drought situation. With respect to storm water runoff and sedimentation the winter is a much more active period especially at the beginning of the winter rainy season when impervious urban surfaces are covered with tremendous amounts of grit and hillsides are bare of vegetation from a long, dry summer.
Due to the excellent climate in the Bay area few homes need air conditioning. However, the filling of the Bay can significantly change this situation. The daily tidal flow within the Bay serves as a natural air conditioning system. Decreasing the volume and surface area of water adversely impacts this system. It also increases the probability of more temperature inversions, the prime condition for air pollution and smog. In addition to the tidal flow, the salt ponds maintain the water level, and thereby,


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20 minute taster microlight lesson at Netherthorpe
£62.00 inc. VAT
Microlight trial lesson
20 minute taster microlight lesson
If you have never flown in anything smaller than a large passenger aircraft you will never forget your first trial flight! Designed for you to have fun, to familiarise you with the aircraft including safety and the flight controls.
What's included
The trial lesson is designed for you to have fun,and to familiarise you with the aircraft including safety and the flight controls, whilst taking in the stunning Derbyshire scenery.
With more than 3,000 in the UK, microlights are the largest single group of light aviation aircraft in the World and flexwing (weight-shift)microlights like the one you could fly originated from NASA's manned space flight programme!
After all kinds of experimentation,the forerunners of the modern flexwing microlight took to the skies in the early 1970s. Since then, wing and airframe/engine technology has moved on rapidly.
In the last few years microlights have circumnavigated the globe and set new world records. Despite their fragile appearance, modern microlight aircraft are incredibly strong and have one of the best safety records in leisure aviation.
The experience - on arrival you will be greeted by your instructor in the clubhouse and given a pre-flight briefing. Then on with flight suits, intercoms, helmets and off to the Flexwing microlight for a quick look around. Into the back seat strapped in, the instructor does preflight checks radios for flight information, engine start up, taxi to hold point of runway line up and off we go... The engine starts. You start to move along the runway and feel the wind underneath the visor of your helmet.Then, after just a few metres, the whole thing suddenly rises up into the air and you're flying!
Once airborne at a safe height,you will have the opportunity to take control of the aircraft and fly yourself.
The sensation of flight in a microlight is quite unlike anything else you will ever experience.It is probably the nearest thing to what the earliest days of flying must have been like; slow flight at relatively low altitudes in an open cockpit where you're almost completely exposed to the elements - the view from the cockpit is unbeliev
Special Conditions
If your lesson is cancelled because of the weather or due to other unforseen circumstances by your instructor there of course will be no charge to you and the flight willl be rescheduled.
If you need to cancel your lesson, provided there is at least 24 hours notice prior to the lesson, you can reschedule free of charge.
NOTE: Cafe/restaurant at Netherthorpe is closed on Mondays.
Booking your event
Event takes place at Netherthorpe in Yorkshire
Nottinghamshire, S80 2JQ.
Microlight lesson
(Reviewed by Paul R 17/01/2016)
Very easy, suitable dates.Sat Nav took me straight there. Toilets very clean, cafe a bit limited but lovely bacon cob. Excellent helpfull staff, very knowledgable and made me feel safe. The briefing was thorough and gave me confidence in the pilot. This experience was fantastic! I would recommend it to anyone, and want to do it again! Lots of photo opportunities; and we also took the opportunity to hang around the airfield and watch the airoplanes for a time.
Overall rating: Excellent
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text:
Digitisation of cultural and scientific heritage in Vorarlberg 2004
(Status: June 2004)
There are three types of museums in Vorarlberg: state museums, regional museums and thematic museums. The state museums are the Vorarlberger Landesmuseum, the inatura Dornbirn and the Kunsthaus Bregenz. Furthermore, there are 14 regional museums and 30 thematic museums.
Digitisation of cultural heritage in Vorarlberg is—at least to some extent—connected with the problem of which museum software to apply. Currently, a working group is evaluating different software solutions (mbox or MS Storage). For smaller museums, the high investment costs are a major barrier to digitisation. A possible solution may be to acquire smaller software versions. A further problem for many smaller local and regional museums is a shortage of trained personnel.
1.1) Kunsthaus Bregenz
The Kunsthaus Bregenz digitises the literary works of Bechtold Kalb-Wacker. Photographs, letters, and manuscripts are digitally registered and documented. Several thousand objects have already been digitised and stored in the electronic database HIDA-MIDAS.
1.2) Naturmuseum inatura Dornbirn
The library of the natural history museum inatura Dornbirn includes a variety of information dealing with the geography, biology and environment, with a particular focus on documents, literature and images on Vorarlberg. The library catalogue has been registered and is accessible online via the online library catalogue of the Vorarlberger Landesbibliothek.
1.3) Frauenmuseum in Hittisau
The Frauenmuseum (Women's Museum) in Hittisau digitally registers its cultural heritage objects (every day objects, including craft, folk and arts). In addition, it has contributed to the establishment of a database of cultural heritage objects for the region of Bregenzerwald (Kulturgüterdatenbank Bregenzerwald). The role of the Frauenmuseum is to reflect the female perspective of cultural heritage.
2.1) Vorarlberger Landesbibliothek
The Vorarlberger Landesbibliothek is a public institute of the province of Vorarlberg. It documents and preserves literature on Vorarlberg.
A major initiative of the Voralberger Landesbibliothek is the establishment of a Digital Vorarlberg Library. In a first step, the magazine Montfort has been digitised and can now be accessed online (including a search function by key words). Other historical magazines of Vorarlberg are now continuously digitised and made available on the Internet. Online search criteria include format (e.g. CD-ROMs, books, articles etc.), period of time, subject, and language(s). It is also possible to view the objects online.
The media catalogue Vorarlbergensien (Medienkatalog Vorarlbergensien) can also be accessed online. The catalogue includes audio, video and press documents dealing with the theme Voralberg, such as the television news Vorarlberg Heute (since 1988) and Landesrundschau (since 1997), as well as documentations, radio broadcasts, sports, culture or political features or radio dramas. Furthermore, the catalogue includes more than 50,000 newspaper articles covering Vorarlberg in the Austrian, German, and Liechtenstein press. These can be accessed online and viewed at the Landesbibliothek.
A major initiative of the Landesbibliothek is the digitisation of the Risch-Lau collection of post cards, in a first step by microfilming. The collection features mostly landscapes and persons from 1948 to the 1970s. The collection originates from the company archive of the former publisher of postcards Risch-Lau. The collection was purchased in 1990 by the Landesbibliothek and includes approximately 40,000 objects (negatives, positives and glass templates) which mostly feature images of Vorarlberg. More than 7,000 objects have been digitised so far.
3.1) Vorarlberger Landesarchiv
The Vorarlberger Landesarchiv is both the historical archive as well as the administrative archive for the province of Vorarlberg.
Its main responsibilities are:
- Preservation and documentation
- Management of archive collections
- Research on the history of Vorarlberg
- Education and information
The state archive recognises the growing importance of digitisation, although currently it depends on microfiche to store documents and records.
4) Further digitisation initiatives in Vorarlberg
4.1) Digitisation of Vorarlberger Landtagsprotokolle (protocols of the state parliament of Vorarlberg)
The digitisation of the protocols of the state parliament of Vorarlberg was a major initiative of the Vorarlberger Landtag. So far, the digitised protocols date back to 1994; the annexes back to 1999. In a further step, the protocols dating back to 1989 have also been digitised. They can be accessed online. In the future, it is planned to digitise the entire parliamentary documentation from 1945 onwards.
The parliamentary protocols are an important and invaluable information source on the political, legal, social, lingual, and historical development in Vorarlberg.


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I would like to welcome Sarah Juckes from Agent Hunter to NAG today. She is here to share some thoughts about writing the perfect query letter to a literary agent. This is immensely helpful for authors who are pursuing the more traditional route to publishing. There are even a couple databases in the post for agents in the US, CA, Europe, and the UK. Enjoy!
The average literary agent sees over two thousand submissions every month and may only take on one or two authors. So how can you ensure that your submission stands out from the crowd?
At AgentHunter, the comprehensive online database of UK literary agents, we've made it our business to know what agents want. Here are our top tips for writing your all-important query letter.
Tip 1: Know Your Agent
Some literary agents like a short covering letter with a synopsis and sample – some want an author biography. Some might prefer the cover letter in the body of an email – some want it printed and sent to them by post. Luckily, agents make this information available, so you don't need to employ any mind-reading skills. Most agents will list this on their website, or via a database like AgentHunter (UK and Europe), or AgentQuery (US and Canada).
It's also worth finding out the name of the agent you are sending to, so you can address your letter directly to them. What kinds of books do they represent already? And why do you think your book fits on their list? A simple search should tell you.
Tip 2: Keep It Short and Sweet
Literary agents are busy people and are more likely to read something that makes their job easier. Keep your cover letter to a page (two pages tops). Use shorter sentences. Only include the information they have asked for in their submission guidelines, or that you really think they need to know.
Tip 3: Refine Your Elevator Pitch to Two or Three Sentences
Most agents will ask for a synopsis alongside your submission, so your query letter only needs to convey the vital information about your book, such as:
- The title
- The genre
- The word count
- The central concept or hook
The concept or hook could be a tag line, a setting or time period – whatever matters most. If you're not sure, try looking at the back of the books on your shelf. What words do they use to summarise the concept? Here's an example:
I'm writing to seek representation for my first horror novel, TRAPPED, at 80,000 words. Ruby wakes up in an abandoned prison with a bucket of blood next to her bed. Trapped in a cell, she tries to piece together the horrendous events of the night before.
Tip 4: Don't Say Too Much About Yourself
If you're writing fiction, then the real star of your query letter should be your book. Non-fiction authors will need to include a few lines on what qualifies them to write factually, but most agents will ask for an author biography in this case.
One or two sentences outlining your publishing history, any prizes you've won and anything that relates directly to the book is perfectly fine.
Tip 5: Edit, Proofread and Triple-check
This might seem a simple point, but you'd be surprised how many submissions are sent with glaring errors in the first line. Check your its and it's; there, they're and their; your and you're. Ensure names and titles are spelt correctly. If you can, ask someone else to proofread your letter, too.
These are the basic rules for any query letter. Follow these, and you can at least ensure your work will be taken seriously. You can find an example of a query letter in full here, and some gritty feedback from a US-based literary agent on Query Shark. Good luck!
Sarah Juckes works with Agent Hunter, the comprehensive online database of UK literary agents available to authors worldwide. For more information on submitting to literary agents read this useful guide from The Writers' Workshop.


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This applet shows the equipotential lines and the electric field lines for a single positive or negative charge, two equal positive or negative charges, two unequal like or unlike charges, and unequal unlike charges. The user can adjust the position of all the charges, as well as toggle between the display of electric field lines, electric field vectors, equipotential lines, and combinations of these. The effect on a test charge can also be observed.
This is part of a large collection of Physlet-based (Physics Java Applet) illustrations and tutorials covering introductory physics.
Please note that this resource requires
Java Applet Plug-in.
%0 Electronic Source %A Schneider, Scott %D March 15, 2006 %T LTU Physlet: Presenting.. Your Equipotentials! %V 2013 %N 19 June 2013 %8 March 15, 2006 %9 application/java %U _URL_
Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.


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A New Zealand seabird, which was thought to be extinct for over 150 years, has been found breeding on Little Barrier Island.
The sparrow-sized New Zealand storm petrel is critically endangered and was thought extinct until a sighting in 2003.
But a team of Auckland University researchers has found the species breeding on Little Barrier Island in the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park.
Chris Gaskin and Doctor Matt Rayner, who have been leading the research, have been camping on the Poor Knights Islands, Mokohinau Islands and Little Barrier Island to track the breeding sites with radio receivers.
"It's like looking for a needle in the haystack," said Gaskin.
Twenty-four birds have been caught this year so far, when they've been fitted with 1g radio transmitters. Team members based at a remote camp on Little Barrier Island were able to track the birds' movements, following the signals until they came to a stop.
"The site being monitored is very fragile and with birds at a delicate stage in their breeding cycle.
We are using automated equipment for the most part and maintaining a hands-off approach, although team members visiting the vicinity have also been keeping watch," Rayner said.
"On Friday morning a bird was discovered on the ground, possibly having just left its burrow. At the same time team members detected another bird, this one most probably on a nest," said Gaskin.
Researchers will stay on the island for several weeks where aerial surveys are also being used to establish population size and distribution.
"It's an amazing result for our enthusiastic and dedicated team," said Rayner.
There has been a lot of speculation about where the sea petrel breeds since it was rediscovered in 2003.
- nzherald.co.nzBy Cassandra Mason Email Cassandra


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Standard methods for rearing and selection of Apis mellifera queens
Ralph Büchler, Sreten Andonov, Kaspar Bienefeld, Cecilia Costa, Fani Hatjina, Nikola Kezic, Per Kryger, Marla Spivak, Aleksandar Uzunov and Jerzy Wilde.
Here we cover a wide range of methods currently in use and recommended in modern queen rearing, selection and breeding. The recommendations are meant to equally serve as standards for both scientific and practical beekeeping purposes. The basic conditions and different management techniques for queen rearing are described, including recommendations for suitable technical equipment. As the success of breeding programmes strongly depends on the selective mating of queens, a subchapter is dedicated to the management and quality control of mating stations. Recommendations for the handling and quality control of queens complete the queen rearing section. The improvement of colony traits usually depends on a comparative testing of colonies. Standardized recommendations for the organization of performance tests and the measurement of the most common selection characters are presented. Statistical methods and data preconditions for the estimation of breeding values which integrate pedigree and performance data from as many colonies as possible are described as the most efficient selection method for large populations. Alternative breeding programmes for small populations or certain scientific questions are briefly mentioned, including also an overview of the young and fast developing field of molecular selection tools. Because the subject of queen rearing and selection is too large to be covered within this paper, plenty of references are given to facilitate comprehensive studies.


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Paint is a drawing program you can use to create drawings or edit digital pictures. You can also use Paint to save picture files using different file formats.
Open Paint by clicking the Start button, clicking All Programs, clicking Accessories, and then clicking Paint.
Here's another way to open Paint: Click the Start
. In the Search
box, type Paint
, and then, in the list of results, double-click Paint


text:
Submitted by Lynn Saunders, Government Documents
The Vermont State Data Center sponsored a workshop to discuss and review some websites and the upcoming 2010 Census. The State Data Center (SDC) Program is a cooperative program between the state and the Census Bureau to make data available locally to the public through a network of state agencies, universities, libraries, and regional and local governments.
In early December the State Data gathered together a group of statistical users to talk about the upcoming 2010 Census. At the present time the Census Bureau is gearing up by hiring individuals to check addresses and to work in the Vermont office which is located in the Burlington area. They are also looking for community volunteers and groups to help with making sure that the count is complete. I have posted some literature in the staff room about Census 2010.
One significant difference in the 2010 Census will be that there will be no long forms handed out. The information that was gathered in the long form then is now being gathered by the American Community Survey (ACS) (_URL_ The ACS is a department of the Census Bureau that surveys the population on an ongoing basis to provide more recent information than is available from our Decennial Census. This method of gathering information is going to be problematic for small states like Vermont. The surveys used to get the sample information are sent out to certain parts of each state each month in a rotation. In small states the sampling area is so small that the information has to be gathered for a longer period of time in order to get enough samples so that the people answering the questions can't be identified. The effect for small states is that the statistics that they use will only be available every 5 years, while larger states will have new statistics every year. When applying for grants, larger states will have an edge because their statistics will be more up to date than the smaller states.
Our State Data Center has been in contact with the Census Bureau to try and work out this problem. The director of the Vermont State Data Center, Will Sawyer, had a personal meeting with the head of the Census Bureau. Although nothing is scheduled to change immediately the Census Bureau is considering the problem and potential fixes.
We also reviewed how to use American Fact Finder and the State Data Center's website, Vermont Indicators. Vermont Indicators is very useful for finding compiled statistics for the state. They also have historic data which can be easily accessed by the click of button. Vermont Indicators can be found at _URL_


Arthur Pequegnat Canadian Time wall clock
Pequegnat wall clock
Canadian Time clock by Arthur Pequegnat
The Canadian Time clock was made by the Arthur Pequegnat Clock company. The Arthur Pequegnat Clock Company (1904–1941) is notable as the longest lasting Canadian-based clock manufacturer.
My particular clock was made after 1917 and was made in Kitchener, Ontario (Canada). Clocks made before 1917 were inscribed "Berlin" on the dial face. Kitchener was known as Berlin prior to and during the first World War. It was the town of Berlin from 1854 until 1912 and the City of Berlin from 1912 until 1916. Because the name Berlin was associated with the war against Germany the decision was made to change the name to Kitchener midway through the First World War. Kitchener is the present seat of the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario.
Label affixed to back of clock
Unfortunately, the precise year that my clock was manufactured is unknown, however the Canadian Time series was made right up to 1941. By 1941, the demands of World War II armament makers for brass, the essential ingredient in clock movements, pressed the Arthur Pequegnat company to stop production. If my clock was made in 1941, it's age would be 72 years. There are no actual markings on the movement indicating the year it was made.
Checking on condition of the clock
It has Arabic numbers as most were ordered with Roman Numerals. Being a railway clock Arabic numbers would have made it easier to read by common folk in a train station. One could order the clock from the manufacturer with either Arabic or Roman numerals. In addition one could also order a time / strike / calendar version of this clock.
Crossed horseshoes
On prominent display in my home
I have seen only one other clock with the cross horseshoes that you can see in one of the photos so they were likely added after the clock was made.
I am trying to locate a photo of the clock while it was hanging in the Pictou, Nova Scotia train station prior to the station's decommissioning in the early 1990s. If I can locate a photograph it would help me date the clock more accurately.
The clock is quite large measuring 37 inches high, 5 inches deep and 15 inches across and made of quarter-sawn oak that results in boards with the annual rings mostly perpendicular to the face yielding greater stability with less warping.
The Canadian Time clock is a reasonably accurate clock and is indeed a testament to the quality and care that went into the crafting of this fine timepiece.
2 thoughts on "Arthur Pequegnat Canadian Time wall clock
 1. I have the exact same clock. yours is the only other I've seen with Arabic numerals. I always thought it was a school clock for some reason.
 1. Thanks for your email. They were found in offices, schools and rail stations and kept excellent time for a spring driven clock. In fact, they were most commonly used as an office clock. I don't see many with Arabic numerals either but you could order one or the other from the factory at that time.
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Stochastic Collocatation for Correlated Inputs (2015)
Wednesday, March 25, 2015
Stochastic Collocation (SC) has been studied and used in different disciplines for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ). The method consists of computing a set of appropriate points, called collocation points, and then using Lagrange interpolation to construct the probability density function (pdf) of the quantity of interest (QoI). The collocation points are usually chosen as Gauss quadrature points, i.e., the roots of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the pdf of the uncertain inputs. If the mathematical model has more than one stochastic parameter, the multidimensional set of points is usually build using the tensor product of the roots of the onedimensional orthogonal polynomials. As a result of that, for multidimensional problems the same set of collocation points is used for both correlated and uncorrelated inputs. In this work, we propose to compute an alternative set of points for correlated inputs. The set will be derived using the orthogonal polynomials for correlated inputs that we developed in a previous work. As these polynomials are not unique, we will obtain multiple sets of collocations points for each input pdf. The aim of this paper is to study the differences between those sets of points and to find and optimal one.


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the Catholic Encyclopedia
- Book of Common Prayer of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America p. 855
- Canon 4, Title III, Constitution & Canons Together with the Rules of Order for the Government of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Adopted and Revised in General Convention, 2006
- Apostolicam actuositatem
- Code of Canon Law, canon 207
- Lumen gentium, 31
- Catechism of the Catholic Church, 775
- The Code of Canon Law (Roman Catholic Church)
- The Religions of South Vietnam in Faith and Fact: V. Buddhism in Vietnam (Section E. DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATION OF BUDDHIST TERMS)


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MBARI Ridges 2005 Expedition
Juan de Fuca Leg: August 7–18, 2005
Gorda Leg: August 22–September 2, 2005
August 17, 2005
Tiburon dive 883 - Axial caldera, Juan de Fuca Ridge
Bill Chadwick writes:
The main purpose of today's dive was to recover another array of extensometer instruments, this time on the north rim of the caldera on Axial seamount. So it was another dive of going back and forth, grabbing instruments and putting them in the elevator mooring, which we recovered at the surface after the dive. Axial has two rift zones and the instruments span the area where the north rift zone meets the caldera, which is extensively fissured from past spreading events. These extensometer instruments look somewhat different from the ones we recovered earlier during this cruise at south Cleft, because they are an earlier design, but they function about the same - they measure the distance to their neighbors in the array very precisely using the round trip travel time of sound pulses. The instruments have been in place for 2 years. We will examine the data they recorded after we return.
These same instruments were in place near here during the 1998 eruption of Axial seamount and measured part of the deflation that occurred when a large volume of magma moved from beneath the summit reservoir down the south rift zone (only a small percentage of which erupted). These kinds of measurements help us estimate the depth of the magma reservoir under Axial caldera and the volume of magma that is added or removed during such events. We can only learn about active processes like these by having monitoring instruments in place as they are happening.
At the end of the dive, we visited the CASM hydrothermal vent site, located in a deep fissure on the caldera floor. CASM was the first hydrothermal vent site found in the northeast Pacific during dives with the Pisces IV submersible in 1983, and some of the first collections of chemosynthetic vent animals on the Juan de Fuca Ridge were made here. The site seemed to have been rejuvenated by the 1998 Axial eruption, but had not been visited since 2001. At a vent called T&S Spires, we found vigorous venting along a row of chimneys covered with lush communities of tubeworms, palmworms, and numerous species of polychaete worms. Thus this vent field has remained active for at least 22 years.


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Cancer and heart disease are once again the leading causes of death for Canadians, according to a report released Tuesday by Statistics Canada.
The federal government agency said cancer accounted for 30 per cent of deaths and heart disease 22 per cent. Stroke was third overall at six per cent.
Statistics Canada said the rate of cancer deaths was up slightly from 2000. Heart disease and stroke declined slightly.
Ranked in order, the seven other leading causes of death in the Top 10 were: chronic lower respiratory diseases, accidents, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, influenza and pneumonia, kidney disease and suicide.
The 10 leading causes of death accounted for 77 per cent of all deaths in 2007, down from 80 per cent in 2000, according to the report. Statistics Canada said the list has been the same since 2000, but the ranking has changed slightly. In 2000, suicide and kidney disease were ninth and tenth respectively, but by 2007 they had switched places.
Causes of death in 2007 varied widely by age group. Accidents and suicide ranked first and second among young adults aged 15 to 34. And among Canadians aged 35 to 74, cancer was the leading cause of death. For those aged 85 and older, heart disease was the top cause of death.
Deaths due to cancer reached the highest levels for those in the 55 to 64 age category where it accounted for 48 per cent of all deaths.
Statistics Canada said men and women share the top two leading causes of death, cancer and heart disease. Strokes ranked third for women in 2007, while accidents were the third leading cause of death for males.
There were three times more suicides among men than women. And in 2007, women accounted for seven out of every 10 deaths from Alzheimer's disease.
Rankings differed slightly from the United States in the same period. In 2007, cancer outranked heart disease in Canada. In the U.S., the rankings were reversed.
Twenty-three per cent of all deaths in the U.S. were attributed to cancer in 2007, compared with 30 per cent in Canada. Twenty-five per cent of all deaths in the U.S. in 2007 were attributed to heart disease, compared with 22 per cent in Canada.
Stroke ranked third in both countries.
According to the Canadian Cancer Society, breast cancer is the leading cancer among Canadian women.
The society has estimated one in nine women will develop breast cancer during her lifetime and one in 28 will die from it.
The society estimated that 173,800 new cases of cancer will occur over 2010, with 76,200 deaths.
Based on 2009 rates, the society estimated 40 per cent of Canadian women and 45 per cent of Canadian men will develop cancer during their lifetimes.
The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada said the rate of heart disease and stroke has steadily declined over the past 40 years. However, it also noted that every seven minutes in Canada, someone dies from heart disease or stroke.
The foundation has estimated the cost of heart disease and strokes to the Canadian economy at $22.2 billion a year.


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In 1278, during the Battle of Marchfeld, Ladislaus IV and the Hungarian army aided Rudolf I of Germany against the Czechs. For Rudolf, the victory was extremely significant, because the Habsburgs were able to assure possession of the Duchies of Austria.
The relief of György Zala shows this memorable battle, but at the same time, we see the statue of Charles Robert above, who was not even born at the time. What is the reason behind all this?
Charles Robert's biggest achievements have to do with his successful war campaigns both against internal and external (Habsburg) threats. He was considered a more important monarch than Ladislaus IV, which is why he received his statue in the Millennial Monument. However, the chosen relief underneath may have a special significance to its creators as it reminds the Habsburgs of the fact that Hungary helped them capture Austria. It is phrased very directly: "In 1287, the Hungarian army aids Rudolf of Habsburg against Ottokar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfeld." This sign was removed in 1945.
The statue of Charles Robert is a creation of György Kiss.


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not actively protect such data, it lacks policies that provide guidance or identify responsibilities for the researchers in making research data available for others to use. Moreover, Tanzania does not have a central data center or digital repository in place where researchers can submit their data for use by others. This is a key challenge. We are saying that researchers are not willing to submit their data, but if they are, where are
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28 THE CASE FOR INTERNATIONAL SHARING OF SCIENTIFIC DATA they going to put it to share with other institutions or with other people? Next, I would like to talk about the issue of research data transfer in the country. What are the guiding principles for data-transfer agreements in Tanzania? Tanzania introduced a procedure for data transfer between Tanzanian and foreign institutions in 2010. The Data Transfer Agreement (DTA) is used as the only legal document by institutions in Tanzania to regulate the uses of data they provide to specific research projects inside and outside the country. It also provides opportunity for institutions to claim coownership of the improvements made from data the recipient has acquired. Upon approval of the DTA, the agreement becomes valid and the recipient is granted unique access for a period of time, depending on the duration of the project, after which the data are placed in the public domain. Before concluding, I want to inform you about publication procedures in the country. No research work can be published without getting permission from the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR). The procedure is simple. When you want to do research in the country, you need to get ethical clearance from the NIMR. Finally, I want also to tell you about some new initiatives within the Institute for Medical Research. The NIMR is in the process of establishing a Web-based National Health Research Data Repository. The primary purpose of this project is to provide a storage database for all health research work that has been conducted in the country. We want to put together all research work conducted in different places in the country in a central database, whereby it can be accessed. This has not been easy, and we still have a number of challenges. The financial challenge is the big one. Also, issues of human resources are a challenge, especially regarding technical staff. Furthermore, we have challenges related to infrastructure. We did not give up, though. The NIMR has different centers and stations around the country. Each station or center has a purpose for conducting particular research. Some centers focus on malaria; others focus on tuberculosis or neglected tropical diseases. The data repository for the NIMR will collect information from these centers and stations. Once we are done with them, we can move on to other institutions. To conclude, with the increased need for dataand information-sharing globally, it is time now for Tanzania to develop and implement a national research data policy. This policy, among other things, will oversee the generation, storage, data transfer, and use of research among local, and between local and international, users of different research findings. Also, we need to have a formal mechanism established to govern the accessibility and use of created research data.
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PART TWO: STATUS OF ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC DATA 29 9. The Data-Sharing Policy of the World Meteorological Organization: The Case for International Sharing of Scientific Data Jack Hayes U.S. Permanent Representative to the World Meterological Organization, NOAA Assistant Administrator for Weather Services, and Director, National Weather Service The mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service is to use the information that science has equipped us with to provide forecasts and warnings to protect life and property and enhance national economies. This will be the focus of my talk. From the U.S. perspective, we have long believed that free data sharing is a benefit to the United States, and from a perspective of the use of information created using the U.S. tax dollar, it must benefit society and must be made available to people. My focus will be on how it benefits the United States today. I will conclude with some additional thoughts about where free and open access can benefit capacity building in developing countries, and then, as a weather service operator, how I see that benefiting society. If you are not familiar with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), it is a specialized agency of the United Nations that was created after World War II, in 1951, although it existed in various forms since the 1870s. The WMO has 190 members. Its mission is to focus international partnerships on the collection, production, and exchange of weather, water, and climate information in order to protect life and property, enhance national economies, and preserve environmental quality. There are two important WMO resolutions related to data sharing: Resolution 40: "WMO commits itself to broadening and enhancing the free and unrestricted international exchange of meteorological and related data and products." This resolution was passed by the WMO Congress in 1995 to provide free and unrestricted international exchange of meteorological and related data and products across the world. In 1999, Resolution 25 established the same basic policy across the 190 members for hydrological data and products. Resolution 25: This resolution calls for "committing to broadening and enhancing, whenever possible, the free and unrestricted international exchange of hydrological data and products, in consonance with the requirements for WMO's scientific and technical programs." The way this policy is implemented across the globe is through giving the national owner of data and products the ability to discriminate between the data that are essential to the core mission—to protect life and property—and the data that are called supplemental. Generally the protect-life-and-property data and products are free and open, and supplemental data have variable degrees of openness, depending on the country. U.S. data policy has its foundations in the Office of Management and Budget's Circular A-130: "…government information is a valuable national resource, and … the economic benefits to society are maximized when government information is available in a timely and equitable manner to all." What we have found in the United States is that free and unrestricted data sharing maximizes the value for the information we collect and create within the National Weather Service. We also find that the reverse is true. Where we have barriers, we underutilize the data that we collect and produce. Fundamentally, the more people use our information, the more value it has. To fulfill our mission to protect life and property and to enhance the economy, we collect and produce information that can be used to do that, but this data can be used for other purposes as well. There is a
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30 THE CASE FOR INTERNATIONAL SHARING OF SCIENTIFIC DATA commercial weather sector that uses our data, adds value to it, and provides products and services for very specific needs. This, we find, has aided economic growth within the United States. Let me give some specific examples. When an F5 tornado hit the community of Greensburg, Kansas, in 2007, the National Weather Service detected it. The tornado occurred at night. It formed in northern Oklahoma and moved across the border into Kansas, where it leveled Greensburg. While the community expected hundreds of people to lose their lives, the number was about 10. This was possible because the National Weather Service detected the tornado and, in partnership with the media, alerted people via television, radio, and NOAA weather radio, so that they had plenty of advance warning. It was a partnership that we had with the emergency management community that worked with the hospitals, so that we had moved ambulances outside of the town that was going to be struck to a position where they could be of more use. What did the commercial weather sector do in this incident? At that time, there was a train headed right into the path of that tornado outbreak. There was a commercial weather company that used the information we collected to relay a warning to the dispatcher in Omaha, Nebraska. They put a hold on that train several miles east of the path that we projected for the tornado outbreak. That train stopped and the company saved the lives of that train crew and the train itself. To emphasize the value of data sharing in this incident, I would like to compare it with a very similar tornado outbreak in the early 1950s in Udall, Kansas. In that incident, a very similar tornado moved out of Oklahoma into Udall at night and destroyed the city. As a result, 100 people lost their lives. I would say that the free and open data exchange, and the partnership created between the private and public sectors in the United States, has allowed us to reduce the loss of life over the past 30 to 40 years. Here is another example. There are various motor raceways across the United States. In the partnership we have with the private sector—for example, the Pocono Raceway in Pennsylvania—our job is to monitor severe weather and to ensure that the raceway has the warning it needs to get the people attending out of harm's way. The private sector will use information we collect about temperature, humidity, wind—anything that might affect the conduct of the race or the comfort of the people there, add value to it, and give it to the raceway officials, to the racers, and to the people in general. That is a partnership that increases the value of the information. In one last example, in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration and the Department of Defense, we have roughly 150 Doppler radars spread across the United States. We use the data from these radars to detect severe weather and to warn others of severe weather. The commercial weather industry provides applications. If you have a BlackBerry or a cell phone that has an imagery capability, you can get access to that imagery. I will switch to a discussion of Europe now.


Monolith is a statement about the vastness of time and relative time scales. The black depth of the mounting panel conveys the immensity of past behind us, and the very slow beating pendulum conveys the incremental passing of time, as it recedes into the past. I thought the Tolkien quote from Lord of the Rings would give pause for thought about 'what to do with the time given to us' and therefore engraved it into the large aluminum wheel.
The clock features two historically important devices employed in the escapement and winding system. The escapement is a sculptural variation on the Grasshopper escapement, invented by the British clockmaker John Harrison, around 1722, and used in several of his famous sea clocks. The winding system employs an endless chain, which was first applied to clocks by the Danish scientist, Christiaan Huygens (b1629 - d1695).
Technical Details: Grasshopper escapement, Manual winding (daily), LED lighting. Acrylic, copper, brass and aluminum. Quartz mechanism.
Overall Dimensions: IN: 20W 11D 87H CM: 50W 28D 220H


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There's many, many sports out in the world that involve sharply hitting a ball with something. Baseball, tennis, golf, cricket, polo, you name it. After being hit, a ball describes a trajectory determined by the gravity of the earth and the interaction of the ball with the atmosphere. This can be exploited in many sports, since different trajectories can be useful in different situations. Golf and baseball especially are built on tweaking air flow around the ball in order to make it do precisely what the athlete wants. Tennis too, which has been drawing a lot of interest with the dramatic underdog victories in the French Open.
In the absence of an atmosphere (or local gravitational variations and things of that nature) it's generally said that a projectile will follow a parabola. This is true in a constant gravitational field, but the earth is a sphere of finite size and thus does not in fact have a uniform field. It's very close to uniform near the surface and so a parabola is an excellent approximation. But formally it's not quite right. Atmosphere aside, a thrown projectile is in a very extended orbit about the center of the earth, and thus the trajectory is a section of an ellipse.
So here's a challenge problem that's not so hard, but requires a little bit of mathematical fluency. It's a Fermi problem, so estimates rather than exact numbers are what we're looking for.
Assume a baseball is hit into the outfield with a typical angle and initial speed. What is the order-of-magnitude difference in range between the trajectory approximated as a parabola and the trajectory approximated as an ellipse?
As a hint that you don't need, the difference is very, very small.


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During the spring semester the K-State Department of Entomology takes time to recognize and remember Benjamin Franklin Mudge. Benjamin Franklin Mudge (right) was one of the first faculty to teach at what was then the Kansas State Agricultural College, later Kansas State University, starting in 1865. He taught the first entomology course at Kansas State ("Insects Injurious to Vegetation"), and it was also the first economic entomology course taught anywhere in the United States. He also taught courses in astronomy, physics, meteorology, botany, zoology, physiology, mineralogy, geology, physical geography, agricultural chemistry, among others. He was beloved by students, so it is entirely appropriate that we have a week of student-centered activities named in his honor. To learn more about this remarkable man, read this memorial written two years after his death in 1879.
2018 Mudge Week Activities and Schedule


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Letcher, John, 1813–84, American politician, b. Lexington, Va. He studied law and practiced at Lexington, where he also edited the Jacksonian Democrat Valley Star. In Congress (1851–59), he was known as "Honest John" because of his opposition to government extravagance. As governor (1860–64) of Virginia, Letcher opposed secession until the state was asked to supply its quota of troops for action against the South. Upon Virginia's secession, he turned the state's military forces and supplies over to the Confederacy, which he supported vigorously throughout his Civil War governorship.
See biography by F. N. Boney (1966).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.