May 20, 2005
To My Cat with an Eating Disorder
by Alice N. Persons
FRIDAY, 20 MAY, 2005
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Poem: "To My Cat with an Eating Disorder" by Alice N. Persons from Never Say Never © Moon Pie Press. Reprinted with permission.
To My Cat with an Eating Disorder
You were thrown out of a moving vehicle
on a dirt road
in chilly winder downeast Maine,
little fur scrap, and I hope you don't
carry that memory with you,
but the hunger, the deep fear
that you'll never see food again
is still there five years later
when you are huge and sleek,
a sumo Buddha of a cat.
I've seen you, after a big meal,
heave yourself from a sound sleep,
pad into the kitchen, launch your bulk
onto the counter, and check the food supply,
then crouch there chewing and chewing,
green eyes empty, concentrating
on your burden, your compulsion,
doggedly eating, whether you want to or not.
There are stories about Holocaust or
Depression survivors whose refrigerators
and pantries are always full, just in case,
how some of them still wake in the night
and check their abundant supplies,
run their hands over the packages,
or eat without hunger, just because they can.
Cat, I stand in the dark kitchen
stroking your broad back,
wishing I could banish the fears
of one small, common creature,
those bad dreams that awaken you,
that hollow place in your memory
which can never be filled.
Literary and Historical Notes:
It's the birthday of novelist and short story writer Samuel Dickson Selvon, born in Trinidad, West Indies (1923). In 1950, he emigrated to England, where he wrote his first novel, A Brighter Sun (1952), the story of racial tension between black Africans and Indians living in the West Indies. It established him as a writer who employed evocative descriptions and authentic language and dialect, and explored the subjects of poverty and discrimination. These themes were continued in his 1956 novel, The Lonely Londoners, about black West Indians living in London after World War Two.
It's the birthday of detective-story writer Margery (Louise) Allingham born in London, England (1904), who is best known as the creator of the witty, bespectacled, aristocratic detective Albert Campion.
It's the birthday of historian and biographer Allan Nevins, born near Camp Point, Illinois (1890), who gained his love of history from his father, a man who did not believe in frivolous reading but had a library of more than five hundred books of economics, science, and world affairs. During his lifetime, Nevins wrote hundreds of essays and book reviews, edited seventy-five books, and wrote fifty books of his own, two of which won Pulitzer Prizes: Grover Cleveland: A Study in Courage (1933) and Hamilton Fish: The Inner Story of the Grant Administration (1937).
It's the birthday of political economist and philosopher John Stuart Mill, born in London, England (1806). He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a strict disciplinarian, and who, at the age of eight, was reading Aesop's Fables in the original Greek. He is best known for his defense of empiricism in his 1843 book, System of Logic, which espoused that all knowledge is based on information received through the senses and experience of the world, rather than on rational thinking. His two other famous books are On Liberty (1859), which argued for the importance of the individual, and Utilitarianism (1861). He said: "One person with a belief is equal to a force of ninety-nine who have only interests."
It's the birthday of writer Honoré de Balzac, born in Tours, France (1799), who is often credited with creating realism in the novel. In 1830, he published a work under his own name that brought him fame. It was Scenes from Private Life, a series of stories about girls in conflict with parental authority. In 1835, he published one of his best works, Le Pere Goriot. His most famous work was The Human Comedy, which appeared in sixteen volumes over a period of six years. The work included thousands of different characters. The entire series contains a total of 2,470 characters who have names, and 566 without names.
 - "Writing is my dharma." —Raja Rao
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O, What a Luxury


text:
Pot metal is a slang term used to refer to cheap metal alloys with a low melting point. The low melting point makes this metal very easy to cast, but the generally low quality can cause problems during casting and at a later date. There is no formal definition of pot metal, so it can be hard to determine its contents. Some common metals included in such alloys include zinc, lead, copper, and tin, among others.
The mixed contents of pot metal make it highly unpredictable, which can be a problem for people who are trying to create specific items. It has a tendency to become very soft and porous, and over time, it is subject to deformity. Pot metal also tends to break or bend easily, making it unsuitable for many tasks, and because some of the metals commonly included are toxic, pot metal can also be hazardous to human health.
Rapid and easy casting is the primary advantage to pot metal. No sophisticated foundry tools are needed, as comparatively low temperatures are needed to turn it into a castable liquid, and specialized casts and molds aren't necessary either. Some people like to use pot metal to play around in the foundry, experimenting with molds and ideas before using metals of higher quality, and this metal can be useful in the production of some items.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Explanation of macros; Haskell macros
brangdon at cix.co.uk
Sat Nov 1 01:20:00 CET 2003
costanza at web.de (Pascal Costanza) wrote (abridged):
> mike420 is a troll.
Yes, but I enjoyed thinking and writing about his questions.
> Why is it that computer science is the only field in which "cutting
> down possibilities" is considered to be "helpful"?!?
It's not. There's a maxim, "Form liberates". I think it's very profound
and general. There's nothing so scary as a blank page.
For example, I find it easier to write C++ code if I adhere to a style
guide, consistent indentation and naming etc. The freedom to indent all
over the place just isn't useful. Having to make a decision about
indentation at each line can lead to a form of analysis paralysis.
Likewise with working in stone, or any physical medium. Or attempting to
write under artificial constraints, such as without using the letter 'e'.
Such constraints can encourage, even force, more creative solutions.
-- Dave Harris, Nottingham, UK
More information about the Python-list


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Salem Village Discord
Although Salem Village did not have the greatest number of accused witches — that sad distinction, we have seen, goes to Andover — it was a pivotal center of events in 1692. The outbreak began in the village; the primary afflicted girls and their supportive families were residents of the village; and the village's minister, Samuel Parris, was a zealous and relentless advocate of the proceedings. Hence the perennial question: Why Salem Village?
Salem Village had a long history of factionalism and contention. There were disputes with Salem Town, contention with its first three ministers as well as with its first ordained minister, Samuel Parris, and controversies involving its elected Committee of Five. The 1692 witch-hunt took place within the context of village divisiveness. But did these divisions actually provoke and shape the outbreak, and if so, in what way? To investigate these questions, it is necessary to examine Salem Village's factional divisions, adapting an approach first systematically exploited in Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum's pioneering study, Salem Possessed. Using information gathered from church and village records, petitions, and committee lists, we can identify social and economic characteristics that distinguished Salem Village's clashing factions and consider whether these differences contributed to the witch hunt of 1692.
To explore Salem Village's social, political, and economic fault lines, click Next.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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The man who saves turtles
04 April 2011 | News story
Dr Nicolas Pilcher - Malaysia
Nick saves sea turtles. In a nutshell that's what he does. But he has to look far beyond their nesting grounds to make it work.
Nick has a PhD in turtle biology, but he says it did not prepare him for the real-world challenges of turtle conservation.
|"Knowing their biology may be one thing, but working with communities, fishermen and industry to make conservation happen is a whole different story," he says.|
After an early career in Saudi Arabia, Malaysia and Palau as a marine biologist, Nick settled down in north Borneo and established his own non-governmental organization, the Marine Research Foundation (MRF), a non-profit entity geared to saving marine life across various countries and facing differing threats. MRF, an IUCN Member, now serves as a base from which Nick addresses turtle conservation at various levels, and with an ever-growing diversity of people.
Thank the turtles!
In Papua New Guinea Nick has brought together seven communities who all share one special thing in common: their beaches are nesting grounds for the Critically Endangered leatherback sea turtle. This community-based conservation project employs villagers to serve as rangers and protect the turtles, their eggs and their hatchlings.
But conservation in Papua New Guinea is tricky because natural resources are owned by the people and reaching consensus about conservation issues is a massive challenge. One of the greatest problems was that there were not enough ranger jobs to satisfy everyone in each village and the benefits of conserving turtles, rather than eating them, were not being felt by the entire community.
To overcome this problem, Nick provides a fixed lump sum 'grant' to each community to be used for village development or 'legacy projects' as he calls them, so that everyone benefits from having turtles around. These small projects range from repairing school roofs, organizing new church furniture, to the expansion of the fresh water system. And even if one does not get to be a ranger each season, at least there are benefits which all can enjoy.
Nick tells the communities to thank the turtles – and not the project – each time they pass by the new elementary school building, for it is they who bring them benefits. Judging by the continued involvement of all of the communities six years on, it appears to be a winning formula.
No head-butting with business
In India, Nick worked with the industry to get it right. Not more than 15km away from a proposed site for the development of a large port was a beach where hundreds of thousands of turtles nest in a wonderful natural phenomenon called an arribada.
But the Port needed to dredge a long channel for the ships to navigate safely, and lights were a concern as they could disturb nesting females and disorient the emerging hatchlings. Nick developed a plan with the Port authorities and the help of many IUCN Marine Turtle Specialist Group members (of which he, incidentally, is Co-Chair) to devise strategies to counter these potential threats. These were developed at an initial stage of port development, and so they did not cost the Port any major financial or time losses.
Nick and his team developed ways to stop the dredgers from ever sucking up any turtles, and designed a lighting scheme to overcome the concerns over light pollution. They even helped the port develop a world-class environmental management plan to address all kinds of other concerns and risks, so that the surrounding ecosystems upon which the local villagers depend are well protected long into the future.
|"Working with industry, rather than against them, and understanding that although industries have their own needs, much of what is needed for conservation can often be built into their plans, is a much more practical approach to conservation than continually butting heads with them," says Nick.|
The fisherman's friend
In Malaysia, Nick helps fishermen keep turtles out of their nets. Shrimp trawlers often fish in areas where turtles feed, and the turtles drown accidentally in the nets. But the use of a simple metal grid and an escape flap called a Turtle Excluder Device can save the turtles and allow the fishers to continue to earn a living.
But convincing a fisherman to put a hole in his net for turtles to escape is not easy, as he fears he will also lose his catch. So Nick spends many days at sea with them, and shows them how to use the devices correctly, and showing that he is also concerned that they don't lose any of their catch. Sitting on the back of a boat fixing nets and sewing in the grids makes Nick part of the fishing community, and allows him to gain their trust. Today this project is gaining momentum and spreading wings to Pakistan and even India.
The list of projects Nick has been involved with is long and the list of problems he has helped to solve – even longer. But he says that it is all worth it:
|"I look back on the projects I have been lucky to help with, and think of all the wonderful people that are now part of the solution when once they were the cause of the problem, and I am convinced we have to be optimistic. I certainly am!"|
Nick can be contacted at _EMAIL_


Disability Retirement for Federal Government Employees: The Door Left Ajar
The image of the door left ajar is one likened to the metaphor of the tree which falls in a forest without a human around to observe the phenomena; the question of whether the event created a sound is a conundrum, and a double-one at that, for the moment we ponder it, we insert a human perspective into the equation, and any attempt to delete our presence only compounds the puzzlement.
A door left ajar implies that someone or some animal partially opened it, or perhaps in reverse; but in either event, the image of a door neither fully shut nor widely open, leaves an impression of some presence. Moreover, it is that partial opening which represents lack of complete satisfaction, of something left undone, which stirs the emotions of one's imagination.
For the Federal employee who is reaching certain milestones of Federal or Postal Service, the "light at the end of the tunnel" is often seen within one's grasp, as a door left slightly ajar, and inviting one to take hold of the doorknob, open it wide, and exit into the sunset of life. When the door left ajar is within view and reach, the expectation of exiting becomes a magnified potentiality about to be embraced.
But often, with only a couple of years left, unexpected events can occur. A medical condition can impact one's ability to reach that magical age of retirement, or be cut short before accruing the years of service needed. The door left ajar is suddenly beyond reach, and the winds of life seemingly slams shut the once-inviting entranceway.
Federal Disability Retirement, no matter how close one is to regular retirement, may be the option of choice. Whether under FERS or CSRS, Disability Retirement through the Office of Personnel Management is an option left open for all Federal and Postal employees.
The image of the door left ajar is merely a metaphor of life; how one responds to the reality of each particular situation will determine the consequences of one's future.
Robert R. McGill, Esquire


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The Duesseldorf Duisburger Kleinbahn GmbH was a suburban traffic enterprise, which operated streetcars in Duesseldorf and Duisburg.
Existed in the year 1896 plans to connect the two cities Duisburg and Duesseldorf by a Kleinbahn. Due to the resistance by the state railway one decided to concentrate first on a connection between Duesseldorf and Kaiserswerth. For this purpose on 15 September 1898 the Duesseldorf Duisburger Kleinbahn GmbH was created and signed first on 2 January 1899 a contract with the city Duesseldorf. One month later the contract with the city Duisburg followed. With the present Treaties the course got the concession between Duesseldorf and Duisburg to build and operate the planned Kleinbahn. In the contract it was expressly forbidden to interconnect the two main stations. On 31 October 1899 the distance was opened from Duesseldorf to Kaiserswerth. After the distance had been extended, the enterprise took traffic on 26 August 1900 on the entire, nearly 24 kilometers is enough for distance between Duesseldorf and Duisburg up. In addition a Zweigstrecke came into Duesseldorf to Stockum.
In the years 1905 to 1906 the RWE on operation of Hugo Stinnes acquired gradually the portions of the Kleinbahn. Since it did not succeed to it, to receive, he retired a monopoly on streetcars in the area between Rhine and Ruhr the Kleinbahn at the general local and streetcar company.
1908 one extends the net in Duisburg and 1912 to Duisburger city one sting-strains after Grunewald built. 1914 followed a distance after meadow living and 1927 after hut home.
1911 took over the city Duesseldorf the parts of the course and 1913 lying on your city followed Duisburg this example. Although the course belonged to the two cities now, the GmbH remained existing further. The seat of the enterprise was shifted however to Duisburg. In the year the two cities considerations employed 1920 to shift the course on separate subgrade. These plans were put however ad acta, as an association for studies planning for a rapid-transit railway of Dortmund over Bochum, meal, Duisburg and Duesseldorf to Cologne presented. Since this project failed however because of the resistance of the National Railroad, the plans for the Kleinbahn were again gotten out and one began to convert these. When 1924 Duesseldorf had acquired 50 per cent of the course, the development of the distance followed starting from 6 August 1925. By its own subgrade and mechanism of signal-regulated railroad overpasses one could increase the speed at first on 40 km/h, later on 60 km/h. The travel time was shortened from before 78 minutes on 63 minutes. The line was extended 1935 in Duisburg in the cut up to the main station and in Duesseldorf up to the count Adolf place.
A characteristic of the D-course and the K-course Duesseldorf - Krefeld (today U70/U76) was the food car compartment, which regaled the passengers with beverages and small meals. Since the DVG removed the food compartments into the 1990er years, there are food cars only on the lines after Krefeld. One recognizes the converted cars today only by a missing door.
On 1 April 1938 the Duesseldorf Duisburger Kleinbahn GmbH was dissolved and taken over by the Duisburger streetcar GmbH. The connection of the former Duesseldorf Duisburger Kleinbahn GmbH mentioned up to the establishment of the traffic group Rhine Ruhr under the designation D-course is meanwhile part of the metropolitan railway nets Rhine Ruhr and carries the line number U 79. It connects today not only the city centres of Duisburg and Duesseldorf, but wrongly from the northern Duisburger quarter avoiding Erich until for Duesseldorf Oberbilk.
See also: DVG, Rhine course, metropolitan railway net Rhine Ruhr
We found here 18 articles.
|Der of metal works|
» Dahme Uckroer railway
» Daimler engine society
» Debis system house
» Deutz driving
» Development ring south
» Diepholzer engine works Fritz Scher
» Dietrich Gobiet aircraft construction
» Domestic refuse utilization Munich
» Dornier works
» Duesseldorf Duisburger Kleinbahn
» Duisburger streetcar
» Dungeon brook course
» Dux (enterprise)


MQTT time stamp
I've set up a simple test that has a couple ESP32's that publish Temp/Humidity pairs to the MQTT connector. I'm able to display a graph with the published data that covers a 24 hour period. The problem I have is with the time display on the graph, it is UTC. Both the ESP32's and RaspberryPi are set to the correct local time. But the incoming data is always displayed using UTC. Is there a way to change this to local time?
Hi tresark,
If you are referring to the timestamp in the metadata, you can add the missing hours with a formular.
In Exceltime 1 represents 1 day. So adding 1/24 to your current time adds one hour to the total. :slight_smile:
Time in A1
In B1 you write =A1+(1/24)
The time in B1 is one hour later then the time in A1.
Thanks for the quick response. I'm not sure though how to use that with the draw.chart function.
What is your Streamsheet looking like at the moment, what do you use as your DataRange for the Chart?
The streamsheet is fairly trivial at the moment. It is based on the Windmill demo included during install. I was able to get the esp32 to post the data using MQTT. The current sensor values are moved from the 'inbox' to a pair of cells D5, D6. I then use the TIMEAGGREGATE function to keep a running average over the course of an hour (=TIMEAGGREGATE(D5,86400,1) in cell D7 and for the other in D8. Then I use (=DRAW.CHART("ID1","Chart1",13743,7594,11668,6191,"scatterLine",D7).
All that said, the demo Wind Cockpit that displays the moving chart for Wind Speed does the same thing. Across the bottom of that chart the times are in UTC.
In the Timeaggregate function you can use the parameter "timeserial".
This defaults to NOW() which is UTC. If you enter "NOW()+1/24" you added one hour to the UTC time! :slight_smile:
Example: =TIMEAGGREGATE(B11,,0,NOW()+1/24)
Perfect, thanks very much.
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Does Banana Have Lactose?
No, a banana does not have lactose. Lactose is a sugar that is only in milk. Specifically, lactose is only in the milk of mammals such as goats, cows, and sheep. Since a banana does not contain mammal milk, it does not contain lactose. You are okay to eat a banana without the potential side effects of lactose.
However, if you mix dairy with bananas, you will be consuming a certain level of lactose. Here are some foods with both bananas and dairy that you should avoid if you wish to refrain from eating dairy:
 - Ice Cream with Bananas
 - Banana Pudding
 - Banana Cake
 - Banana Milk
 - Banana Smoothie
 - Banana Bread
 - Banana Muffins
 - Banana Cream Pie
 - Banana Cake
 - Banana Yogurt
The above list is clearly not exhaustive but it should give you an idea of the types of foods to look out for that have dairy. Of course, any of the above foods can be made with dairy alternatives such as almond milk to eliminate lactose.
Banana Side Effects
While bananas do not have lactose, they can create similar symptoms in people who have trouble digesting lactose. Here are the primary reasons why bananas might cause abdominal pains or related issues.
Unripe bananas are often cited as a culprit for abdominal pain because of their high level of resistant starch that can be challenging for the body to digest. In fact, resistant starch cannot be digested in the small intestine. Simply eating ripe bananas or cooking them often eliminates abdominal pain in people.
Another reason that bananas may cause abdominal pain is from their fiber. According to USDA FoodData Central, a large banana has about 3.5 grams of fiber. While Americans generally consume too little fiber, a diet that is excessive in it can result in gas, bloating, cramps, nausea, and more. According to the Mayo Clinic, women should consume between 21 to 25 grams of fiber per day and men should consume 30 to 38 grams per day. If you are exceeding these amounts or aren't used to it in your diet, fiber may be the reason you experience lactose intolerance-like symptoms when eating bananas.
Fructose intolerance is another reason that certain people may suffer from stomach aches due to bananas. Fructose is one of the natural sugars found in fruits and vegetables. Some people have difficulty digesting fructose which can result in various gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, nausea, cramps, and diarrhea. Generally, fructose is not an issue for most people who consume bananas since the levels of it are low in this fruit. However, people who are sensitive to fructose and eat multiple bananas or other fruit a day may experience issues. Fruits that do have a higher level of fructose are dried figs, dried apricots, mangoes, grapes, raisins, pears, and watermelon.
Final Thoughts
You should not be concerned about bananas having lactose. However, in some circumstances, bananas may cause symptoms similar to those that are experienced by people that have difficulty digesting lactose. Be sure to monitor your banana intake and note how you feel if you suspect that bananas are causing digestive issues. Consider eliminating bananas from your diet if you experience problems after eating them. It is advisable for you to seek professional medical advice if your problems linger.
Corleone, J. (2017, September 30). Why Do Bananas Give Me Stomach Cramps? Healthy Living.
Palsdottir, H. (2016, September 25). Green Bananas: Good or Bad? Healthline.


Home Discussion Forum How does Meditation help us focus on our goals and ambitions in...
How does Meditation help us focus on our goals and ambitions in life?
what should be the minimum time given to meditation everyday?
 1. It helps you distinguish between the things you really want and desire and the things that you think you want but wouldn't even think about within a few months. There is no minimum time to meditation as it varies for different people. Normally 10-20 minutes a day is enough time to help you focus and clear you mind, yet it may be more if you have been under a lot of stress.
 2. Meditation helps me to stay in the present moment. Whether it is a guided meditation or simply focusing on my breathing, it is all about being present with yourself at this moment. This ability to stay focused, and it does get better with practice, we take away from meditation into our everyday life.
 There is no minimum time…even a couple of minutes a day is good. Just try to do it at least a few minutes everyday. Enjoy!
 3. Besides finding that one's mind becomes more at peace, practitioners who persist in resting mind meditation develop a degree of suppleness such that they are very at ease and flexible in different conditions. A state of complete suppleness or flexibility and complete delight emerges. Higher degree of awareness to what is going on in and around one may result.
 At the outset, frequent, short sessions are recommended rather than longer sessions. Keep the awareness fresh. One should stop one's practice while still in a vivid state of calm abiding, so that one resumes the practice with enthusiasm and one's practice doesn't deteriorate.
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Skip to 0 minutes and 13 secondsDR CHERYL MOYER: Perhaps the most important concept underpinning this section is that maternal health outcomes do not occur in a vacuum. Maternal health is influenced by social factors, the political environment, environmental factors, and changing demographics, all of which are constantly evolving.
Skip to 0 minutes and 32 secondsIn order to truly understand maternal health, we need to look at the potential impact of some of the factors occurring outside the health system. In this lecture, we review what we believe are some of the most important coming shocks and rapid societal and health system changes that will influence maternal health in the coming years. We focus on the following four areas - economic growth, governance, urbanisation, and health crises.
Skip to 1 minute and 3 secondsThe first potential shock has to do with economic growth in many low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Projections suggest that low-income and lower-middle-income countries are on track to experience strong economic growth in the next 20 years. For example, annual growth in Gross Domestic Product, or GDP, between 2011 and 2035 in low-income countries is projected to be double that of high-income countries. At the same time, there are growing possibilities for domestic revenues, including taxation on tobacco and alcohol, tourist taxes, and redirection of fossil fuel subsidies. Such changes occur in a context where foreign development assistance for health has stagnated and will continue to decline. Countries are going to need to increase domestic financing for health.
Skip to 1 minute and 59 secondsCurrently, the percent of domestic spending on health in many low resource countries is extremely low. If we look at this slide of data from India, we can see that India's growth rate in terms of GDP is much higher than the world average, whereas the percent of GDP spent on health is nearly one sixth of the world average. Note that this is not in terms of raw numbers but in terms of percentages. This means India spends less than 1.5% of its total GDP on health compared to 6% spent globally. As GDPs rise and as less future health financing comes from donors, it will become increasingly important for countries to prioritise health spending.
Skip to 2 minutes and 42 secondsOur data suggests there will be ample capacity to do so, but what remains to be seen is if there will be the political will to do so. The next potential shock that is likely to impact maternal health in the next 20 years relates to shifts in governance for health. Perhaps the most profound shift in this regard relates to the transition from the United Nations sponsored Millennium Development Goals, or MDGs, to the Sustainable Development Goals, or SDGs. This slide shows the eight MDGs that expired in 2015 on the left, illustrating that maternal health had its own specific MDG, which resulted in a lot of focused energy around improving maternal health during the MDG era.
Skip to 3 minutes and 25 secondsThe centre of the slide illustrates the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that replace the MDGs, only one of which is directly related to health. The right side of the slide shows the specific targets included in the SDG health goal, including reducing maternal mortality, ensuring universal access to reproductive health services, and achieving universal health coverage. While it's great to see recognition of the many facets of health that are necessary to address, it also runs the risk of diluting efforts that were once more squarely focused on maternal health. A second important element of shifts in governance relates to the fragmentation of governance around women's health.
Skip to 4 minutes and 9 secondsIn the past decade, there were at least 18 high profile global efforts in maternal health launched to address maternal health issues, including such efforts as the Partnership for Maternal Newborn and Child Health - PMNCH - Every Woman Every Child, and Women Deliver. In addition, there are countless new initiatives that look beyond traditional maternal health issues, including a focus on newborns, children, adolescents, family planning, and nutrition. While all of these initiatives are extremely important and could be synergistic, the effect is often fragmentation and competition for limited resources. In addition, many such initiatives do not evaluate their impact, thus precluding educated decisions about resource allocation in the future.
Skip to 4 minutes and 57 secondsThis is going to be increasingly problematic as donors continue to reduce their support, and countries will need to rely more heavily on their own funds to drive maternal health programming. Finally, decentralisation refers to the increasing shift from national level policy and decision making to state level decision making. Decentralisation carries a potential trade off. It may increase the efficiency of services because local planning may be more responsive to local needs. However, it may reduce consistency and accountability across locations within a country.
Skip to 5 minutes and 34 secondsThe third shock external to the health system that is likely to have a profound effect on maternal health is urbanisation. We know that the percent of the global population living in urban areas is increasing over time. As this graph illustrates, by 2050, more than half of the population in India and Asia is likely to be living in urban areas. Not surprisingly, the proportion of births occurring in urban areas is also increasing. By the year 2030, data suggests that more than half of all births will occur in urban areas, rising to nearly two-thirds by 2050. Urbanisation brings with it both potential benefits and potential challenges. The benefits are that there can be greater access to health care in urban settings.
Skip to 6 minutes and 22 secondsWomen may be in closer proximity to a variety of different service providers, allowing them to choose among them. They may have reduced travel time compared to when they lived in more rural areas. And they may benefit from facilities staffed by better trained providers. It is also possible that new arrivals to urban areas may adopt urban norms that may attenuate some of the traditional practises that may not be ideal for maternal health. On the downside, the rich-poor gap in urban areas tends to be much more pronounced than in rural areas. In addition, migrants to urban areas can cluster in slum settlements, which can create different problems for care seeking than simply living in an urban area.
Skip to 7 minutes and 7 secondsThe last challenge we're going to talk about today is that of health crises, including disease outbreaks, armed conflict, and natural disasters. Note that each of these can lead to widespread migration, which can create its own set of shocks to the health system.
Skip to 7 minutes and 25 secondsDisease outbreaks, armed conflict, and natural disasters disproportionately affect pregnant women. Obviously, some diseases, such as Zika, are known to directly and differentially affect pregnant women. Yet the Ebola outbreak in West Africa was projected to double the maternal mortality ratio in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea. At the same time, armed conflict limits women's access to preventive and reproductive health services. The results are devastating. Maternal mortality in post-conflict countries was found to be 45% higher than in non-post countries. Finally, natural disasters can strip health systems of the ability to deal with basic maternal health care needs.
Skip to 8 minutes and 12 secondsHealth crises, armed conflict, and natural disasters can initiate another type of shock - mass migration. For example, the war in Syria displaced an estimated 60 million people in 2014, many of whom were pregnant women or women of reproductive age. In addition, rural to urban migration can stress the health systems within countries as well. In summary, there are powerful shocks that are extremal to the health system that will influence maternal health and maternal survival in the coming years. Health systems must plan for such shocks and develop strategies to boost their resilience in the face of crises.
Skip to 8 minutes and 53 secondsHealth systems will need to both respond to crises but also to be able to maintain core functioning, including the provision of routine health care, during and after crises.
Which factors outside the health system will impact on maternal health outcomes?
In this step Dr Cheryl Moyer (Michigan) links maternal health outcomes to social factors, the political environment, environmental factors, and changing demographics. Among the key potential shocks and rapid societal and health system changes that will influence maternal health are economic growth; governance; urbanisation; and health crises.
© The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine


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Larger Quantities, Lower Prices
Blood Root - Sanguinaria Canadensis
Physical Attributes of the Blood Root Plant
The Blood Root plants are perennial. It is native to regions of North Eastern America. Originally it was a wildflower grown in woods and forests. The Blood Root plant received its name due to the dark red blood looking color of the sap juice in its stem. The plant starts growing in March and April. This plant grows best in the moist and organic soil. The flower starts to bud after the leaves and stems sprout. The characteristics of its flower appearance are 6 to 12 petals, and they are white.
Today it is a favorite garden plant that requires partial shade to grow. It is used for fighting various diseases. The Blood Root plant can be removed from the garden in spring or summer, and its underground stem can be removed from the soil and used for medicinal purposes.
Its history for medicinal uses dates back to the Pilgrims and the Indians. The Indians would use the red sap juice of the plant to treat cancer and an infected throat.
Today it has a variety of uses. It has been approved by the FDA that its ingredients be used in toothpaste since it can aid in bacteria and plaque build up. Dentist uses it to remove plaque buildup. Doctors use it to treat bronchitis, treat asthma, and whooping cough.
This plant is considered poisonous if it is consumed in high dosages. There are also parts of the plant that should not be ingested or should not have an encounter with skin or it may cause inflammation and rashes. The sap can also cause eye irritation. It can cause shock and coma if too much of it is consumed.
The Blood Root plant is also used in dye making. It is used to create the color orange, red and pink. Many artists use the red elements of the dye in their paints.
Blood Root is an herbaceous perennial that is known for its production of colorful fluids. It presents with a beautiful single bloom in early to mid spring. It emerges from underneath fallen leaves and is sensitive to sunlight, staying closed at night and on gloomy days. It is best suited as a forest floor groundcover


Battle of the Badger Mouth
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Battle of the Badger Mouth
Part of the Mongol–Jin War
Date August--October 1211
Location North China, Zhangjiakou
Result Decisive Mongol victory
Mongol Empire Jin Dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Genghis Khan
Yelü Tuhwa
Emperor Weishaowang of Jin
Dujis Qiannu
Wanyan Jojin
Wanyan Chenyu
Hersle Whosawho
Wanyan Gauqi
Ming An
Tu Danyear
Puxian Wannu
90,000-110.000 cavalry[1] 350,000 infantry
150,000 Cavalry
Casualties and losses
moderately heavy heavy (500,000 men)
The Battle of the Badger Mouth (simplified Chinese: 獾儿嘴及野狐岭战役; traditional Chinese: 獾兒嘴及野狐嶺戰役; the Campaign of the Badger Mouth and Wild Fox Peak) was the major decisive battle in the first stage of the Mongol–Jin War.
In 1210, Genghis Khan insulted Emperor Weishaowang by publicly stating that he was a coward and unfit to be a leader. Genghis added, "The emperor should be a man from sky like me." Soon, news spread to the Jin emperor through a Jin officer. The Jin emperor was enraged and ordered the execution of the Mongolian ambassador. Tensions between the Jin and the Mongols started to escalate and Genghis Khan declared war with the Jin.
The Mongolian army amassed 90,000 men for the offensive force in the expedition against the emperor in March 1211. Genghis Khan only maintained a defending force of 2,000 guards in Mongolia. This means that well over 90% of the available forces in Mongolia at the time were mobilized for this campaign. Before the expedition, Genghis Khan conducted a religious ritual with his troops by praying to Tengri along the Kherlen River for victory and made a vow to avenge his ambassador, Ambaghai Khan, who was betrayed by the Tartar and executed by the Jin court.
Jin army[edit]
The Jin army included:
1. Border troops: recently defeated by Mongolia at the Battle of Wushabao several months before the campaign, the border troops had withdrawn to Badger Mouth. Their total strength amounted to 100,000 and were led by 1st Prime Minister Du Qiannu.
2. Main troops: their strength amounted to 250,000 and chief commander of the army was field marshal Wanyan Chenyu, 2nd Prime Minister and general Ming An. Most of the troops hailed from the capital.
3. Reinforcement troops: emergency troops from all corners of Jin country, their strength amounted to 150,000 and the commander was vice field marshal Hersle Whosawho, an ambitious man. He was to defend Datong with his reinforcements.
This campaign included a series of five battles that took place from May to October, 1211:
1. Battle of Wushabao (烏沙堡戰役): May–June.
2. Battle of Datong (大同攻防戰): lasted seven days in August.
Genghis Khan ordered his three elder sons and general Yelü Tuhwa into battle. Each of his sons commanded 10,000 cavalry. A total of 30,000 cavalry besieged the city in order to cover the side line of the Genghis Khan's troops and cut off Jin's reinforcements to capital.
3. Badger Mouth Campaign (獾兒嘴及野狐嶺戰役): occurred in August.
This pass leads directly to Jin's capital and was attacked by Genghis Khan with a commanding force of 60,000.
4. Battle of Guihebao (澮河堡戰役): happened in October and the combat lasted three days.
5. The Mongol occupation of Juyongguan:
Jin's 3rd Prime Minister Tu Danyi (徒單鎰) successfully defended the capital with a commanding force of 20,000, signalling the end of the campaign.
Battle of Wushabao[edit]
Wushabao is located at the present city of Ulanqab. Through the years, Jin's 1st Prime Minister Dujis Qiannu ordered the construction line of a series of single fortifications to oversee the Mongols, but this tactic turns out to be faulty, even though they maintain their stability on the border. Wushabao was one of the largest and most important fortresses at the time.
Jebe attacked Wushabao and achieved no success. He changed his tactics by attacking Wushabao's reinforcement base. With the fall of the base, Jebe manage to capture Wushabao. Hearing the news, a senior official of Jin (a rank below prime minister) led the troops into retreat from the neighboring three counties to Badger Mouth. The retreat provided a golden opportunity for Jebe and soon the three counties were captured with ease.
Battle of the Badger Mouth[edit]
To combat the Mongol advance, the Jin withdrew soldiers from cities for hundreds of miles, resulting in a combined force of approximately 400,000 to 500,000 soldiers being stationed at Badger Mouth. However, the Jin were overly confident in the defensive position of the pass; Genghis eventually circumvented Jin defenses by sending his men over the peaks surrounding the pass, allowing him to encircle the much larger Jin army. As Genghis attacked the front of the Jin army at the entrance to the pass, his forces simultaneously routed the Jin cavalry from behind. The encircling force then proceeded to attack the supply camps in the rear of the Jin army, resulting in the slaughter of many resting Jin soldiers. When Jin forces in the front lines of the battle were eventually pushed into retreat by the bulk of the Mongol army, the subsequent chaos resulted in the slaughter of even more Jin soldiers.
Following the battle, the general of the Jin army retreated to the central Jin capital of Zhongdu (modern day Beijing) and assassinated the emperor, and assumed control of the city. After a four-year Mongol siege, which saw the residents of Beijing reduced to cannibalism in order to survive, the city finally surrendered. The Jin were allowed to retain control of Zhongdu, but were forced to pay a large tribute in return. The following summer, Jin Emperor Xuānzōng (宣宗) abandoned Zhongdu and moved the government to the "southern capital" of Kaifeng. While the Jin maintained a grasp on power for several more years, the empire was severely weakened, and eventually capitulated to a combined Mongol and Song force in 1234.[2]
After this battle and campaign, the Jin dynasty lost half of its 950,000 troops. Roughly ten Jin cities were plundered by the Mongols and Genghis Khan ordered a tribute of 500 males, 500 virgins and 3000 horses to be taken back to the Mongolian plains.
In spite of the defeat, Jin prioritized conquering the Song dynasty over defending its borders against future Mongol incursions and invasions.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Mongol Warrior 1200–1350 Publisher: Osprey Publishing
 2. ^ Beck, Sanderson. "China 7 BC To 1279". China, Korea & Japan to 1800. Retrieved 30 March 2013.


text:
30 Indiana PGPs
30 Texas CPE Hours
The challenge of keeping 21st Century Learners engaged and on-task is significant. Not all attention issues are related to ADHD. Students are impacted by anxiety, trauma, and also by their lives in a digital world where they receive instant gratification and are continually stimulated by multimedia and social media. Without the ability to focus their attention, students may miss important learning and fail to achieve to the highest level. This course presents the many factors that impact student attention and provides proactive strategies for teachers to improve instruction in the classroom environment.


Comparison with Other Techniques: Bulk Analysis
What are the differences between Pulsed RF GDOES and Spark?
Spark emission spectrometry, know for decades, is widely used for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys. In terms of overall performance for bulk analysis, GD and Spark are very comparable and therefore Spark is more widely used due to lower price and simplest operation mode.
However, GD is the necessary choice when one wants to perform depth profile analysis (which Spark cannot do) together with bulk. GD has also some benefits in some rare cases, due to its specific characteristic low Matrix Effect and linearity allowing easier extrapolations. GD is therefore used for precious metals or nodular cast iron (with Mg).
Matrix Effects and linearity of the calibrations
Microscopic view of an Al sample after analysis by Spark (left) and by GD (right).
Fig 59: Microscopic view of an Al sample after analysis by Spark (left) showing localized surface melting. The same Al sample analyzed by GD (right) reveals that the structure of the sample is maintained by the "soft" sputtering process.
In Spark, the atomization and excitation steps occur in the same step. The sample surface is locally melted and the sample material vaporized. The electric arcs of a Spark analysis can also be affected by microstructures and inhomogeneities in the material. Finally the emission lines in Spark are subject to strong self-absorption leading to second order calibration curves, the need to select several lines for the same element to cover the required concentration range, and great uncertainties when extrapolating results. Spark is finally very sensitive to surface oxidation (requiring sample polishing just before analysis).
GD separates the atomization and excitation processes. In GD, sample atoms are released through sputtering and further excited in the gas phase away from the sample surface. Therefore strict matrix-matching is not necessary in GD which is an advantage for complex alloys for which no Certified Reference Materials (CRM) are available.
In addition, GD is a low thermal process and offers linear calibration curves over orders of magnitude (generally from DL to 100%), therefore one line per element is the rule of thumb in GD. Finally GD averages signals over the entire sputtered area and is therefore less sensitive to local inhomogeneities.
Analysis of thin foils
GD is of interest when thin foils (less than 2 mm) have to be measured.
Fig 60: Thin foil analysis.
GD is of interest when thin foils (less than 2 mm) have to be measured. The photo below is an example. The thermal effects in Spark are too strong to measure these types of samples accurately, which cannot be easily polished prior to measurement.
There is not much difference in the overall speed of a complete analysis between Spark and GD: an individual Spark measurement is faster than a GD one (15 s vs 1 mn typically) but, in order to obtain representative information, several spots must be done at different locations requiring a manipulation of the sample between two analyses (and repolishing if the sample is small). In GD, the pre-integration time notably is longer than in Spark but successive measurements can then be done at the same location as the process continuously penetrates the sample and the previously puttered material is continuously taken away.
What are the differences between Pulsed RF GDOES and XRF?
Multi-layered coin depth profile (not possible by XRF).
Fig 61: Multi-layered coin depth profile (not possible by XRF).
The two techniques are very different and rarely have to be compared. X-Ray techniques have limitations for light elements, which is not the case for GD.
Growing fields of interest in GD relate to Li batteries or H storage materials; H and Li cannot be measured with X-rays. For common elements, pulsed RF GDOES offers sensitivity superior to EDX but comparable to WDX.
X-ray instruments are sometimes also proposed for depth profile analysis. Depending on the incident energy the X-rays can penetrate more or less deeply in a material, and if the layer sequence is known, information on thickness can be derived. This might work for plated materials if the same element is not present in two layers (the sequence Au/Ni/Cu/glass can be measured where Au/Ni/Cu/Ni/glass will lead to errors). With X-rays, no sputtering is needed but low concentrations in the layers and potential contaminants at interfaces cannot be seen.
What are the differences between Pulsed RF GDOES and bulk HR GDMS?
Prior to the European project coordinated by HORIBA Scientific ( that lead to the development of a brand new instrumentation type called Plasma Profiling TOFMS, the acronym "GDMS" was only used for a few instruments worldwide dedicated to ultra trace analysis of metals.
These instruments feature a magnetic sector sequential by design (they are therefore not adapted to depth profile analysis of thin layers) and DC sources limit them to conductive materials only. They can achieve outstanding Detection Limits (down to the sub ppb range) and have found niche applications for high purity material assessment.


text:
NASA's Patents API gives users access to a dataset of NASA patents. This includes both held and pending patents. Possible queries include searches by name, status, patent number, patent expiration date, application information, and case number. NASA open data supports NASA's scientists and engineers with information technology such as infusion, procurement, and future IT workforce development.
The following is a list of sample source code snippets that matched your search term. Source code snippets are chunks of source code that were found out on the Web that you can cut and paste into your own source code. Whereas most of the sample source code we've curated for our directory is for consuming APIs, we occasionally find something interesting on the API provider side of things. If you know of some sample source code that would be of interest to the ProgrammableWeb community, we'd like to know about it. Be sure to check our guidelines for making contributions to ProgrammableWeb.


text:
Skip to Main Content
The precise control of Si oxidation is necessary for nano-fabrication of ultra-thin gate oxide layers at MOSFET??s in Si-based electronic devices. The translational kinetic energy (E,) of incident 0 2 molecules is a key to control surface reactions. Although the E, of incident 0 2 molecules has been known as an effective factor for both the passive and the active oxidation [ 1,2], the known data concerning the E, dependent oxidation are not enough to obtain the total understanding of incident energy roles. Therefore, the E, dependence of initial oxidation on the Si(OO1) surface has been investigated using a supersonic molecular beam (SSMB) technique and photoemission spectroscopy with high-resolution synchrotron radiation (SR) to make clear how the incident energy affected to the ultra-thin oxide layers formation. Although the saturated oxygen coverage on partially oxidized Si(O0 1) surfaces revealed two potential energy barriers, they have not been observed for clean Si(OO1) surfaces. The reason why such a deference appears is discussed on the basis of Si-2p photoemission spectra.


text:
In February 1936, a dedicated band of professors, labor leaders, journalists, and engineers founded Consumers Union. Explore some of the highlights of our history through our timeline and vintage photo gallery.
Since its first issue in 1936, Consumer Reports (CR) has never accepted paid ads. Free from the pressures of advertisers and commercial influence, Consumer Reports has tackled some of the toughest safety issues of the time, evaluating new products and technologies and warning about potential dangers. From seat belts to strontium-90, lawnmowers to locks, and hazardous vehicles to heaters, Consumer Reports has been on the cutting edge of reporting risks and striving to improve the quality of the consumer marketplace.
Here are 10 instances where the organization's pioneering research and testing have been acknowledged as making a difference in improving consumers' safety and health.
1. Safety Belts, _PHONE_. In 1956, Consumer Reports' auto engineers made a disturbing discovery as they tested safety belts: a whopping two-thirds—26 of 39 belts—failed to meet even modest guidelines. Buckles broke and webs tore during static testing; others failed our simulated crash tests. The results prompted Consumers Union (CU), long an advocate of safety belts as standard equipment at a time when they were merely an option, to call for better belts and, later, for federal standards that incorporated actual crash testing. CU tested seat belts regularly until the government mandated them in the front seats of all new cars in 1968.
2. Cigarettes, _PHONE_. CR's independent testing and research of cigarettes began in 1953 when the magazine sought to separate for its readers the myths of manufacturer advertising from the realities and potential health risks of everyday smoking. CR's work culminated a decade later in the publishing of The Consumers Union Report on Smoking and the Public Interest, which sold more than 50,000 copies by November of 1963. Consumers Union's work was used by the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health in drafting the committee's 1964 landmark report, which warned the nation about the public health threat of cigarettes.
3. Strontium-90, _PHONE_. Consumers Union's 1958 tests for the amount of strontium-90 in samples of milk sold in 50 U.S. and Canadian cities constituted the first large-scale checkup on the consumer's exposure to fallout from nuclear weapons testing. In subsequent projects, CU expanded its studies to comprehensive surveys of several radioactive elements in the total diet. The surveys showed a potential hazard to consumers and prompted the Federal Government to expand its monitoring of fallout. CU's work also helped build public support for the 1963 nuclear test-ban treaty.
4. Microwave Ovens, _PHONE_. In 1973, Consumer Reports evaluated what was then a new household luxury item-the microwave. Through rigorous testing, CR engineers found that the products leaked radiation at levels they could not be sure was harmless. CR issued a "not recommended" warning for the entire class of products and filed petitions with the government, which ultimately resulted in improved door interlocks and warning labels on microwaves advising consumers on how to avoid possible exposure to excessive microwave energy.
5. Safety of the Water Supply, 1974. In 1974, Consumer Reports published a landmark three-part series on the safety of the United States water supply, contending that water purification systems in many communities had not kept pace with increasing levels of pollution and that many community water supplies may have been contaminated with potential carcinogens. The reports, which won the magazine's first National Magazine Award, played a role in the enactment by Congress of the Safe Drinking Water Act in December 1974 and prompted inquiries into drinking water safety on local levels.
6. Child Safety Seats, 1972-Present. Thanks in part to its testing and advocacy, child-safety seats have come a long way since Consumer Reports crash-tested them for the magazine's August 1972 issue and rated 12 out of 15 of them Not Acceptable. Between 1972 and 1977, CR tested child seats four times, making it the only publication then regularly crash-testing safety seats and reporting the results to both consumers and the government. The day after CR released its 1974 report the government proposed a stronger child-restraint amendment and as of January 1, 1981, all manufacturers of child safety seats had to certify that their seats would pass a rigorous crash test. Today, Consumers Union continues to test child safety seats and its experts regularly provide comments to the government on proposals for new standards.
7. Lawn Mowers, _PHONE_. Concerned about an estimated 161,000 people a year sustaining injuries, including amputations, because their body came in contact with a moving blade, the Consumer Product Safety Commission selected Consumers Union to develop a new safety standard for lawn mowers. Among the safety features recommended by CU that became mandatory under the final standard was a "deadman control" that must be held down to allow the blade to turn and that will, when released, stop the blade within three seconds. In 1983, despite a nearly decade-long lobbying battle with the outdoor power equipment industry, consumers were finally able to buy lawn mowers with the new features.
8. Kerosene Heaters, 1982. When Consumer Reports' engineers rated unvented kerosene heaters in 1982, they judged them all to be inherently hazardous as a class because of their potential both as a fire hazard and as a source of indoor air pollution, and recommended electric heaters as a safer choice. Based on these findings, CU called on the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to re-evaluate the health and safety hazards posed by the heaters. Soon after the report appeared, the CPSC launched an eight-month investigation costing $800,000. The CPSC report echoed CU's concerns and the industry trade association said it would voluntarily implement the CPSC-recommended changes geared to reduce contact-burn injuries, flare-up fires, and pollutants emitted by the heaters in time for the 1984-85 season.
9. Door Locks, _PHONE_. In a February 1990 report on door locks, Consumer Reports found in its first round of testing that a simple kick was often enough to defeat a door. The part of the lock that gave way was usually the strike plate—the metal plate that attaches to the door jamb and receives the lock's bolt or latch. For the second round, engineers pro-actively replaced the typical short screws in the strike plate with three-inch screws, which improved the performance of some of the locks, including nearly all the surface-mounted dead-bolt locks. When CR re-tested door locks for the September 1998 issue it found that many locks came with a substantial strike plate that had three-inch screws.
10. Vehicle Rollover, 1988-Present. Consumer Reports has followed few safety issues more closely than SUV rollovers. The organization first petitioned the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) for a safety standard in 1988 to keep rollover-prone vehicles off the market. But it was not until after the Ford/Firestone debacle in 2000 that Congress finally directed NHTSA to develop dynamic rollover tests. CU testified at the time that information based on dynamic rollover tests of SUVs was needed for consumers to be able to select safer vehicles. In October 2003, CU praised the rigorous dynamic testing protocol NHTSA announced it would use in its rollover information program. The organization is now pressing the agency to make clearer the current presentation of the information, so that consumers can meaningfully discriminate between the safety of different models.


text:
In its never-ending quest to organize the world's information, Google started to digitize old editions from newspapers like Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, St. Petersburg Times, Today's News-Herald and make them available at Google News Archive.
"Today, we're launching an initiative to make more old newspapers accessible and searchable online by partnering with newspaper publishers to digitize millions of pages of news archives. This effort expands on the contributions of others who've already begun digitizing historical newspapers. In 2006, we started working with publications like the New York Times and the Washington Post to index existing digital archives and make them searchable via Google News Archive," explains Google Blog.
The newspapers digitized by Google are available for free in an interface similar to the one from Google Book Search. Unfortunately it's quite difficult to read articles, even though Google automatically detects headlines and centers the associated content.
Daily Dot on the pre-history of Tumblr
1 hour ago


text:
Mercury Based Fixatives
Mercurials contain mercuric chloride. Their method of tissue fixation is poorly understood. While not penetrating tissue well and causing some tissue hardness, mercurials are fast and provide excellent nuclear detail. They are commonly used to fix hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial tissues.
Alcohols, including methyl alcohol (methanol) and ethyl alcohol (ethanol), are sometimes used as fixatives. They tend not to be used routinely as they cause brittleness in tissue due to their dehydrating effect. However, they are very good for cytological smears because they act quickly and give good nuclear detail.
Oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and osmium tetroxide are powerful denaturants and are therefore of limited use. Osmium tetroxide is used most commonly in electron microscopy.
Picric Acid Fixatives
Foremost among the picrate based fixatives is Bouin's solution. Its mechanism of action is unknown. Like the mercurials, they give good nuclear detail but with less brittleness of tissue.
NEXT TOPIC: Factors Affecting Fixation


Vegetable sponges: how to grow them to say goodbye to plastic
Vegetable sponges: how to grow them to say goodbye to plastic
Vegetable sponges are also known as Luffas, they are the fruits of a plant of the cucurbitaceae family, related to pumpkin and cucumber and it is very easy to grow at home.
Luffa is a fruit that has many fibers inside and can perfectly replace the use of traditional sponges that are made of plastic. Vegetable sponges are natural and 100% biodegradable, unlike commonly used sponges, which makes them less polluting.
How is it grown?
This plant has more male than female flowers, so it is advisable to place more than 5-6 plants to have a reasonable production. Pollination is essentially carried out by bees and it is convenient to install 1 to 2 hives per hectare.
It can grow as a vine, climbing a wall or forming a pergola, incidentally, it will project a good shade.
Luffa adapts to many types of soil, but it thrives best in soils with a loamy or sandy texture, deep or well drained with organic matter, in addition to maintaining a pH of 5.5 to 7.5 preferably.
The plant grows best in areas with tropical and subtropical climates. They regularly flower on short days, but there are also long-day cultivars.
How is it used?
The main use of this vegetable is the production of natural sponges, but if it is harvested early, it can be eaten like zuchinis. The sponge is also used to make bath, beach and cleaning products, such as massage gloves, mops, hats and shoes. In addition, its flowers are delicious in salads or fried as well as pumpkin.
You can use it for the shower (it is a very good exfoliator), to wash dishes, wash the bathroom, etc.
Luffa also has medicinal properties as a laxative, topical, and diuretic.
Video: I Grow My Own Towels u0026 Sponges in My Garden - LUFFA (May 2021).


text: One of the mathematical tools to measure the generation rate of new patterns along a sequence of symbols is the Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZ). Under additional assumptions, LZ is an estimator of entropy in the Shannon sense. Since entropy is considered as a measure of randomness, this means that LZ can be treated also as a randomness indicator. In this paper, we used LZ concept to the analysis of different flow regimes in cold flow combustor models. Experimental data for two combustor's configurations motivated by efficient mixing need were considered. Extensive computer analysis was applied to develop a complexity approach to the analysis of velocity fluctuations recorded with hot-wire anemometry and PIV technique. A natural encoding method to address these velocity fluctuations was proposed. It turned out, that with this encoding the complexity values of the sequences are well correlated with the values obtained by means of RMS method (larger/smaller complexity larger/smaller RMS). However, our calculations pointed out the interesting result that most complex, this means most random, behavior does not overlap with the "most turbulent" point determined by the RMS method, but it is located in the point with maximal average velocity. It seems that complexity method can be particularly useful to analyze turbulent and unsteady flow regimes. Moreover, the complexity can also be used to establish other flow characteristics like its ergodicity or mixing.


You may also like
problem icon
Have You Got It?
problem icon
Traffic Lights
problem icon
Yih or Luk Tsut K'i or Three Men's Morris
Got It
Got It
Start with the Got It target $23$.
Play the game several times.
Can you find a winning strategy?
Can you always win?
Does your strategy depend on whether or not you go first?
Tablet/Full Screen Version
Can you work out a winning strategy for any target?
Is it best to start the game? Always?
Away from the computer, challenge your friends:
Can you play without writing anything down?
Can you use your knowledge of how to win the game to program our robot called AL to win?
Why play this game?
Got It is a motivating context in which learners can apply simple addition and subtraction. However, the real challenge here is to find a winning strategy that always works, and this involves working systematically, conjecturing, refining ideas, generalising, and using knowledge of factors and multiples.
Possible approach
All the notes that follow assume that the game's default setting is a target of $23$ using the numbers $1$ to $4$.
Introduce the game to the class by inviting a volunteer to play against the computer. Do this a couple of times, giving them the option of going first or second each time (you can use the "Change settings" button to do this).
Ask the students to play the game in pairs, either at computers or on paper. Challenge them to find a strategy for beating the computer. As they play, circulate around the classroom and ask them what they think is important so far. Some might suggest that in order to win, they must be on $18$. Others may have thought further back and have ideas about how they can make sure they get to $18$, and therefore $23$.
After a suitable length of time bring the whole class together and invite one pair to demonstrate their strategy, explaining their decisions as they go along. Use other ideas to refine the strategy.
Demonstrate how you can vary the game by choosing different targets and different ranges of numbers. Ask the students to play the game in pairs, either at computers or on paper, using settings of their own choice. Challenge them to find a winning strategy that will ensure they will always win, whatever the setting.
Key questions
How can I work out the'stepping stones' that I must 'hit' on my way to the target?
Is there an efficient way of finding the first'stepping stone'?
When is it better to go first and when is it better to let the computer go first?
If the computer says $1$, I say...?
If the computer says $2$, I say...?
If the computer says $3$, I say...?
Possible extension
Two more demanding games, requiring similar strategic thinking, are
Got a Strategy for Last Biscuit?
Possible support
You could demonstrate the game a few more times at the start. Alter the settings on the game to have a lower target and a shorter range of numbers (for example a target of $10$ using the numbers $1$ and $2$). As you play, note down the running totals to refer back to later.
Here you can find a photocopiable version of both the problem and the teacher's notes.


More definition comments
From: Bijan Parsia
Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2005 23:38:16 -0400
Message-Id:
(In basic pattern, I guess it goes without saying that a basic pattern
is a *finite* set of triple pattens?)
""Definition: Substitution
Substitution is a function from a subset of the set of variables, V,
the domain of the substitution, dom(S), to the set of RDF terms, T.
 We write S(v) for the substitution of variable."""
Proposed revision
"""**A** substitution is a relation from a subset of V, its
domain,to RDF-T.
We write dom(S) for the domain of a substitution.
 We write S(v) for the substitution of **a** variable."""
(The articles definitey need to get in there.)
(If the editors want to keep "the set of variables V" etc. for clarity,
that's fine. But it definitely should be either T or RDF-T everywhere.)
(I have a worry about the S(v) notation, but will take it up below.)
"""Definition: Restriction
 If X is a subset of dom(S) and dom(S')=X and S'(v) = S(v) for all v in
X then S' is the restriction of S to X, written S|X."""
First, where are restrictions used? I see the word used in constraints
but it doesn't seem to be doing the same thing (i.e., there it is a
restriction on the *ranges*, not of the domain of a substitution).
Second, the definitoin and notation are confusing. Esp. if unused :)
Here's a revision:
"The substitution R is a restriction of S if dom(R) is a subset of
dom(S) and for all v in dom(R), R(v) = S(v). R is known as the
restriction of S to dom(R), and written rest(S, dom(R))."
Ok, the recursion on dom(R) is a bit ugly, but I'm unclear why we need
the restriction of Foo *to* Bar in the first place.
Definition: Pattern Instance
 If S is a substitution then the result of replacing any v in a basic
pattern P by S(v) is a pattern instance of P, written S(P)."""
So, pattern instances don't have to replace all their query variables?
In other words, not all pattern instances are rdf graphs, but some are
themselves patterns?
Where are pattern instances used?
BTW, I find having S(v) and S(P) mean different things *frightfully*
confusing. Also, S(P) isn't even a function according to the above
definition, since, given that S is
 ?x = ex:foo
 ?y = ex:bar
and a basic pattern
 (?x ex:baz?y)
S(P) can be (ex:foo ex:baz?y) and (?x ex:baz ex:bar) and (ex:foo
ex:baz ex:bar). Is that 'any' up there supposed to be an 'every'? (Or
read with the force of an 'every', as in 'any variable in P is replaced
by S(that variable)'?
I asked someone else how they read it and they read it the same as me.
(Note, I may have biased the reading.)
"""Definition: Pattern Solution
 A Pattern Solution of Graph Pattern GP on graph G is any substitution
S such that S(GP) is a subgraph of G."""
Undefined (and unlinked), Graph Pattern, graph, and subgraph. Note that
the last two are defined:
and are the same *assuming* that S(P) goes to graphs, not basic
patterns. Which I guess it must or this all makes no sense :)
I'm very unclear how bnodes play out. It seems to me that any query
with a blank node cannot have a match. On the one hand:
"Blank Nodes and Queries
A blank node can appear in a SPARQL query patterns. It behaves as a
variable, although it can not be named in the query result form, such
But it can never appear in a substition (given the definition of
substitution and the disjointness of V from RDF-T). I presume that
bnodes in query patterns are distinct from bnodes in the queried graph,
regardless of their lexical form, thus any Graph Pattern (GP) with
bnodes will lack any pattern solutions, since every S(GP) will fail to
be a subgraph of any other graph (at least, given the RDF Semantics and
the obvious meaning of subgraph). One could get around this by saying:
"""A Pattern Solution of Graph Pattern GP on graph G is any
substitution S such that S(GP) is simply entailed by G."""
Or if one is adverse to simple entailment, one could say:
substitution S such that there is a subgraph of G which is an
RDF-semantics-instance-of S(GP)."""
One could also expand the definition of Substitution, or of variables.
We've already liberalized the subject position, why not liberalize the
predicate position as well?
(Ok, I actually don't really want predicate variables to be bnodes
because I want to generate a OWL Direct model theoretic compatible
semantics, in which predicate variables are, in fact, metalinguistic.
But it is a solution. I don't think it'd be hard to extend the RDF
model theory to handle this extension.)
Received on Tuesday, 5 April 2005 03:38:20 GMT


§49-6A-3. Mandatory reporting to medical examiner or coroner; postmortem investigation.
Any person or official who is required under section two of this article to report cases of suspected child abuse or neglect and who has reasonable cause to suspect that a child has died as a result of child abuse or neglect, shall report that fact to the appropriate medical examiner or coroner. Upon the receipt of such a report, the medical examiner or coroner shall cause an investigation to be made and report his findings to the police, the appropriate prosecuting attorney, the local child protective service agency and, if the institution making a report is a hospital, to the hospital.


text:
This is a job market seminar organized for selected candidates from the European Job Market.
Despite massive migration flows in the past century, their long-term consequences for the communities of origin remain largely unexplored. This paper examines the impact of mass emigration on human capital accumulation over a century. The context is the Galician diaspora, one of the greatest emigration episodes of the twentieth century in Europe. I combine newly digitized data from multiple historical sources with contemporary administrative and survey data to build a unique database of all Galician municipalities from 1860 until today. I use data on absent men as a novel proxy for emigration that I instrument with two sources of plausibly exogenous variation: pioneer emigration caused by extreme rainfall and the economic cycle at migrants' destinations. I find that while emigration depressed literacy rates at origin in the short run, one decade later the impact became positive and led to persistent gains in human capital. I provide empirical evidence that these long-run effects are partly due to migrants' investments at origin and a cultural change. Migrants financed the construction of hundreds of schools in their hometowns that subsequently raised educational attainment. Similarly, emigrants realized that education was of major importance and transmitted these norms back home leading to a persistent change in beliefs about the value of education and effort.


text:
What's New in HTML5 Forms: Handling Numeric Inputs
This article will focus on a couple of new HTML5 elements that facilitate the inputting of numeric data: the number and range input types. Both accomplish the same thing, albeit using slightly different User Interfaces (UI).
The Number Input Type
Where recognized, an input type with an attribute of "number" is rendered as a text field with a spinbox beside it for entering a number within a specific range. Browsers which do not support the "number" type will display the default textbox element - in other words, without the accompanying spinbox. The number input type can accept both positive and negative integers as well as floating point numbers.
There are three optional attributes that can be used to set some limits on the number element. The boundaries can be set using the min and max attributes, while the increments can be set using the step attribute. Here are some examples:
 An input that accepts an integer from 1 to 20 in increments of 1: An input that accepts a floating point number from 1 to 10 in.5 increments: An input that accepts an integer from 10 to 50 in increments of 3:
The first element accepts integers from one to twenty. Since the step attribute has not been included, it will use the default step interval of one. The second input will set a floating point value between one and twenty at intervals of 0.5. The last input was assigned a range of ten to fifty with a step of three. Although the maximum value of fifty is not attainable with a step of three, the browser will stop incrementing when the next value would be above fifty. Alternatively, the user may simply enter the number in the textbox.
Who Supports the Number Element Type?
At this time, the number element type is supported as of Chrome 13, Safari 5.1, Safari Mobile, Opera 11.5, and Internet Explorer Preview Platform 2. Firefox does not yet support it.
Quirks and Oddities
There are a few things that you should know before using the number input type. Like HTML markup in general, HTML5 form elements do no throw errors when there is invalid syntax or attribute values. This can allow you to do strange things like set the value to a number that is outside of the range or even in an unacceptable format, such as floating point where only integers are permitted. Stranger still, you can set the value to a text string which contains no numbers whatsoever.
Handling of Non-numeric Input
Since entering non-numeric data is easily done, this begs the question "how does the browser handle such invalid data?" Well, it depends on the browser and whether or not the field is mandatory. On a non-mandatory field, the browser parses its value and only retains valid characters, including digits, the minus sign(-) and period(.). On mandatory fields, which include the "required" attribute, the browser may display an error message - as in the case of Opera 11.5x - or simply parse out any non-valid characters - as is done by Safari 5.1:
Note that, in my tests of Windows Safari 5.1, the browser displayed the controls correctly and parsed out invalid characters, but displayed no validation messages, even when a required field contained no input!
var intNumberStep3 = document.getElementById("intNumberStep3"); intNumberStep3.setCustomValidity("Invalid value! Please try again.");
// increase value by n input.stepUp(n) // decrease value by n input.stepDown(n) // return value as number instead of string input.valueAsNumber()
The Range Input Type
Similar to the number type, the "range" input type sets a numeric value using a slider control. It's supposedly for "imprecise" numeric input, where the specific number chosen is not as important as the its general location on a scale. For that reason, the browser does not display the chosen value. Here is the code to convert the intNumber element above from a number to a range input type:
An input that accepts an integer from 1 to 20 in increments of 1:
The above code produces the following in Opera 11.51:
For greater control over the range input, you can add an or readonly textbox to display the current value, or better still, the HTML5 output tag, whose purpose is to display the result of a calculation. In the following example, a range control is set with the default value of ten. The one-liner updateRangeValue() function sets the intNumberValue to the intNumber control's starting value:
Now it's clear what the value is at all times, thus allowing for precise number inputting:
The Fallback Position
Its important to provide fallback for browsers that do not support HTML5 elements. The following code combines the two immensely popular Modernizr and jQuery JS libraries. It finds all range elements and uses their attributes to substitute the jQuery UI slider in their place:
As with all things HTML5, the question remains as to whether the time is right to include an API which is not yet fully supported by all browsers. Then again, is anything fully supported by all browser makes and versions? I say, as long as you've got a fallback position, go for it!


text:
June 1st 1584
Perth's HammermenThe Hammermen's Incorporation of Perth embraced a whole collection of crafts including silversmiths, goldsmiths, clocksmiths and watchmakers, gunsmiths, locksmiths, blacksmiths and others. At the head of the organisation was the Deacon who was responsible, not only for the testing and quality of the articles made by the various crafts, but also for such matters as the employment of apprentices and the times and places of public selling. He had the authority to punish either by fines or in extreme cases by expulsion.
Another important member was the boxmaster or treasurer who had responsibility for 'Saint Eloyis Box', a wooden chest which contained money, valuables and securities of all kinds. As a rich and powerful organisation, the Hammermen were able to safeguard the interests of their group and also to provide welfare and education for the widows and orphans of their former members. This was considered to be an important aspect of their work.
From 1584 all transactions and business transacted by the Hammermen were recorded in the Hammermen's Book. The book itself was provided by "William Lauder, burgess of Perth, as maister joynit with the Craft of the Hammermen as buik binder and pearchment maker." From 1589, the Hammermen had their own seats in the gallery of St John's Kirk.
There are few records of the early work of silversmiths or goldsmiths and the unsettled political conditions of the time were not conducive to the production of fine silverware. It was not until the late 18th Century that there was something of a boom in the trade. Even so it continued to be strictly functional, plain communion cups, plain spoons and teapots with the minimum of decoration.
It was early in the 19th Century before more ornate work appeared. This came in particular from Robert Keay the elder and his nephew Robert Keay the younger who between them carried on business for sixty five years, until 1865. Other well known names were John Pringle, John Hogg, Charles Murray, John Scott, Charles Sheddon and David Greig the elder. But already there were two factors which between them were to kill the craft of silversmithing in Perth. In 1836 an Act was passed requiring all silver to be essayed in Glasgow or Edinburgh. This had the effect of concentrating production in these cities. Then by 1850 the new cheaper process of electro-plating took over much of the cheaper end of the market.
Perhaps the last successful Perth silversmith was David MacGregor who was active from 1860 until his death in 1908.


text:
In The Gambia, free computer courses lead to jobs and self-respect
BANJUL, The Gambia — A graduation ceremony last month has boosted the number of computer graduates from classes offered free by the local Bahá'í community to more than 900.
Since 1998, the Bahá'ís have arranged the classes to help people who cannot otherwise obtain computer skills to get a job.
Students have ranged from teenagers to the middle-aged, and include both men and women, said local Bahá'í spokesman Faramarz Shams.
Many graduates use their newly-gained skills in jobs that they have obtained after completing the courses, Mr. Shams said.
"The students come from the Islamic, Christian, and Bahá'í communities and include teachers, students, and business people," he said.
The courses, offered at basic and advanced levels, usually involve two sessions of two hours per week for three months. The teachers are Gambian Bahá'ís and Bahá'í youth volunteers from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.
The country's only television station and both its major newspapers regularly cover the graduation ceremonies. On 18 December 2005, 56 students received their graduation certificates.
In a speech at the ceremony, one of the graduates, Fatou Cham, 24, expressed her gratitude for the courses.
"I would like to thank the entire Bahá'í community for their tireless efforts to disseminate knowledge in The Gambia at no cost," said Ms. Cham, a Muslim.
"I can remember back in 2000 when I attended the basic Bahá'í computer training I could not even move a mouse, but after the course I built up a lot of interest in computing," she said.
"I hope that other institutions will emulate (the Bahá'í) efforts and empower people with more 'IT' knowledge."
The computers used in the training were donated by Bahá'ís of The Gambia, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Classes were initially held in a rental property but they have moved to a specially designed room in the new national Bahá'í centre, which opened last year.
— Bahá'í World News Service


text:
Dairy farmers have been using refrigeration compressors for years to lower the temperature of milk that is harvested to an appropriate storage temperature. The milk must be maintained at that temperature until it is picked up and transported to the dairy. Refrigeration compressors like the Copeland 3D, 4D, and 6D models or Bitzer's 4GE and 6FE models work exceptionally well. Carrier O6E and O6D models are also efficient. All three brands offer reciprocating compressors that cool the milk to the appropriate temperature.
Maintaining the Right Temperature
In order for freshly harvested milk to keep from spoiling, refrigeration compressors are used to lower the temperature after the heat has been extracted. Once the milk passes through the heat extractor and the temperature has been dramatically reduced, it passes through the coolant system that is powered by the refrigeration compressor. Reciprocating compressors are most commonly used because they can compress the coolant rather quickly and bring the milk to the proper temperature in a short amount of time.
Maximizing Their Potential
In order for a refrigeration compressor to be used to its fullest potential, it's essential that it be well-maintained and serviced as required by the manufacturer. It's also essential that the right size compressor is used for the operation. Refrigeration heat recovery units, or RHR, allow the entire process to be more efficient. Water that is used to lower the temperature of the milk before it reaches the refrigeration compressor, can be collected instead of allowed to run down the drain.
By collecting the water, it can be transferred to where it is needed the most. In some cases, it can be sent to the pens to water the cows or it can be used for cleaning. Cows consume large amounts of water to support their milk production. Making the water readily available by sending it from the RHR directly to the pens makes it easy for them to get what they need. To make maximize your operation's full potential, it's important that every aspect of the process be as productive as possible. In addition to energy efficiency, this also means streamlining the process and minimizing the amount of waste generated on a daily basis.
Energy Efficiency Is a Must
When it comes to energy efficiency, there are several ways to keep the system functioning at its best. First and foremost, keeping the system clean. When it comes to the refrigeration compressor, the coils must be checked regularly to ensure there is no dirt build-up. Cleaning them as often as necessary will allow the compressor to run at maximum efficiency at all times. It's also important to monitor the level of coolant. If you can see that it is getting low, make sure to have it serviced. Having it recharged will prevent the system from having to work harder to produce the same result.
Set up your system so that any heat recovered from the milk cooling compressors is diverted directly to the hot water heater or to the watering system for the animals. By diverting it to the hot water system, you reduce the amount of energy needed to keep the water hot. The money you spend on installing the specialized plumbing will save you more than enough to pay for the entire system over its lifespan.
The refrigeration compressor that farmers use, be it a reciprocating, scroll or discus type, will have a direct impact on their production and the energy efficiency of their operation. Understanding how each system works and how they can be used to increase efficiency in other areas will allow you to streamline your business and save money on energy costs in the process.


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Lindsey N. Williams, Sukyoung Lee, and Seok-Woo Son
1. Introduction One peculiar feature in the atmosphere, which does not seem to have received much attention, is the fact that large-scale westerly jets, at times, take on a spiral form. An example of the spiral jet structure is shown in Fig. 1, which displays the 275-hPa Southern Hemisphere (SH) zonal wind field, corresponding approximately to a 40-yr calendar mean of 27 April. A more precise description of the data and averaging procedure will be given in section 2. Starting from the
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P. Berloff, I. Kamenkovich, and J. Pedlosky
1. Introduction The principal phenomenon studied in this paper is the existence of multiple, alternating zonal jets in the oceans. The observational evidence of these jets emerged mostly over the last few years, and their theoretical understanding is incomplete. In this introduction we pose the problem, discuss the background, and describe the ocean model. The phenomenology of the modeled jets is described in section 2. Section 3 focuses on the kinematical analysis, section 4 on the
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Tim Woollings, Elizabeth Barnes, Brian Hoskins, Young-Oh Kwon, Robert W. Lee, Camille Li, Erica Madonna, Marie McGraw, Tess Parker, Regina Rodrigues, Clemens Spensberger, and Keith Williams
1. Introduction Shifts of the jet streams are the dominant source of variability in weather patterns across much of the midlatitudes (e.g., Hurrell and Deser 2009 ). Jet shifts are associated with altered storm-track paths and with changes in the regions that experience a mild oceanic influence. Several recent seasons of extreme weather were driven by jet shifts as a proximate cause. In the 2009/10 winter, for example, severe cold over both North America and Eurasia was caused by an extreme
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Tapio Schneider and Junjun Liu
1. Introduction The zonal flow in Jupiter's upper troposphere has been inferred by tracking cloud features, which move with the horizontal flow in the layer between about 0.5 and 1 bar atmospheric pressure ( Ingersoll et al. 2004 ; West et al. 2004 ; Vasavada and Showman 2005 ). In this layer, the zonal flow is organized into a strong prograde (superrotating) equatorial jet and an alternating sequence of retrograde and prograde off-equatorial jets ( Fig. 1a ). This flow pattern has been
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Anandakumar Karipot, Monique Y. Leclerc, and Gengsheng Zhang
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Isabella Bordi, Klaus Fraedrich, Frank Lunkeit, and Alfonso Sutera
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Antoine Venaille and Freddy Bouchet
, existing theories give no clear explanation of the existence of strong and robust eastward jets in the inertial part of these currents. The classical wind-driven ocean theory and the inertial approach both give an incomplete picture and complement each other. A useful step toward a comprehensive nonequilibrium theory that would combine both approaches is to study midbasin eastward jets in the inertial limit. Such is the focus of this paper. On the one hand, the problem of the self-organization of a
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Adam H. Monahan and John C. Fyfe
a dipole centered at approximately the latitude of the core of the time-mean jet. This structure is generally interpreted as representing meridional displacements of the eddy-driven jet (the so-called zonal index), while higher-order EOFs (when they are considered) are interpreted as reflecting changes in jet strength or width (e.g., Feldstein and Lee 1998 ; Feldstein 2000 ; DeWeaver and Nigam 2000 ; Codron 2005 ; Vallis et al. 2004 ). Wittman et al. (2005) consider numerical simulations
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Qiang Fu and Pu Lin
1. Introduction By examining atmospheric temperature trends since 1979 based on satellite-borne microwave sounding unit (MSU) data, Fu et al. (2006) identified the enhanced stratospheric cooling and tropospheric warming in the 15°–45° latitude belts in both hemispheres. The changes in meridional tropospheric temperature gradients in the vicinity of the jets provide evidence that the subtropical jets have been shifting poleward ( Fu et al. 2006 ). However, no interpretation has been presented
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Adam J. French and Matthew D. Parker
elevated (ingesting parcels from above approximately 500 m), the mechanism responsible for lifting inflowing parcels evolved from a cold pool to a bore. In the interest of simplicity, the simulations of P08 utilized a homogeneous background wind profile that did not include a low-level wind maximum, or low-level jet (LLJ), which is commonly observed in nocturnal MCS environments (e.g., Maddox 1983 ; Cotton et al. 1989 ). While numerous previous studies have highlighted the importance of the LLJ as
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text:
I'm planning for an upcoming science project. Students will choose a topic of their choice and then gather, share and evaluate the information they find. I 'd like a way for students to have information from the web fed to them based on their topic. For example if they chose to research "cloning", they would be able to have the latest news and opinions fed into their reader. I remember seeing a piece of code that would allow you to feed all new content tagged with "cloning". I do see the potential problem for inappropriate material showing up in their reader.
Does anyone know if this is possible? or have suggestions for another way for students to have experience using RSS relating to a science topic of interest? Looking forward to hearing your thoughts.


Accession Detail Results
 UCR is the home institution for this record
 Please cite data retrieved from this page: Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria (; Sat Jul 31 16:28:45 2021).
 Records are made available under the CCH Data Use Terms.
Specimen number UCR159086
Determination Galium porrigens
More information: Jepson Online Interchange
Collector, number, date Scott D. White, 1775, 1993-7-21
Verbatim date 1993-Jul-21
County San Bernardino
Locality San Bernardino Mtns, Cleghorn Canyon
Elevation 1463 m
Coordinates 34.28083 -117.43417 BerkeleyMapper [or without layers, here]
Coordinate sourceTopoZoneACS
Voucher information
macromorphologyElev. 4400 ft.
verbatim elevation1280 - 1463 m
Annotations and/or
curatorial actions
current determination (uncorrected): Galium porrigens
Notes; USGS quad: Cajon 7.5' Q.;
 Related searches:
 1. taxon=Galium porrigens
 2. county=San Bernardino; taxon=Galium porrigens
 3. county=San Bernardino; collector=White
 4. collector=White; taxon=Galium porrigens
 5. collector=White; number=1775
 6. collector=White; number=1775; include nearby numbers
 7. date=1993-Jul-21; collector=White
 8. date=1993-Jul-21; county=San Bernardino
 9. Possible GBIF records [External]
 11. Plot elevation range (from Jepson Manual) against latitude
Check for yellow flag


Working Days between dates
Working Days between dates
I'm looking to try and find away to calulate working days between two dates in a module; I know this has been addressed in a previous post, but it's from 2014 and I can't seem to access the supporting docs. that really show me what I need.
I'm a new model builder so any assitance would be appriciated, and apologies if this has been covered elsewhere and I've not found it.
Regular Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
Hi Ceri,
This requirement can be acheived in the following manner:
1) Create a module(say, "Time Mappings") to maintain the working day mappings with time scale set as "Day", as shown in below screenshot:
 a) Working Day Check (Line item 1): A boolean formatted line item
 b) Cumulative Working Days (Line item 2): A number formatted line item with formula "CUMULATE(IF Working Day Check THEN 1 ELSE 0)"
The first line should be maintained manually and it will be a yearly activity done by an admin (Working days as to be checked manually, as shown in screenshot below)
2) An example module to hold your start and end dates and to calculate number of working days:
Formula for calculating number of working days = "Time Mappings.Cumulative Working Days[LOOKUP: Date Input.End Date] - Time Mappings.Cumulative Working Days[LOOKUP: Date Input.Start Date] + 1"
Based on the inputs given in Step 1 and Step 2, you can see the number of working days as "5" in Jan 17 column.
Hope this example will solve your query. Let me know, if you need further explanation on this.
CA Pavan Kumar
Re: Working Days between dates
That's great, thanks for your help.
Regular Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
Occasional Contributor
Re: Working Days between dates
There is a formula on this page
that will help translate from the excel NETWORKDAYS function to Anaplan. Hope this helpg
Certified Master Anaplanner
Re: Working Days between dates
This is something my team has been trying to solve for as we needed to calculate the # of working days in each month for personnel planning. The provided solution is workable but had a bit more manual admin work than would be ideal for our situation. I was able take the outline provided and leverage the WEEKDAY() formula to automate the determination of which dates to include/exclude from working days.
See below for breakdown of my solution:
 1. Create Date Input Module
 1. Create 2 date formatted lines for start and end date
 2. Create number formatted line item for # of cumulative Working Days as of the end date (this will reference the module created in the next step) Formula: Time Mappings.Cumulated Working Days[LOOKUP: End Date]
 Date Input - Working Day.PNG
 1. Create Time Mappings module with a timescale set to Day
 1. Create a number formatted line item to pull in the day of the week for that specific date. Formula: WEEKDAY(START())
 2. Create a number formatted line item to determine the number of Working Days. The formula will define which days of the week will be your non-working day (in the US that is generally Saturday (day 6) and Sunday (day 7). Formula: IF Day of Week = 6 OR Day of Week = 7 THEN 0 ELSE 1
 3. Create Boolean formatted line item to determine which dates have working days between the two specified dates. Formula: START() >= Date Input.Start Date AND END() <= Date Input.End Date AND Working Day > 0
 4. Create number formatted line it to calculate the cumulative number of working days where the Boolean is marked true. Formula: CUMULATE(IF Include in Cumulated? THEN 1 ELSE 0)
 Time Mapping - Working Day.PNG
This solution allowed us to systematically calculate workday for all of our planning periods so wanted to share should it be helpful to anyone else in the future.