text:
Statement by Dr. Terry Brooks, executive director, Kentucky Youth Advocates
LOUISVILLE, KY – The Kentucky House has a track record that clearly values family stability and protecting children from maltreatment. Yet, on the same day as passing critical legislation that will positively impact children across the child welfare continuum, House members ensured passage of House Bill 7 that threatens efforts to improve child safety and well-being.
As we've previously shared, there is emerging evidence about the critical role of economic and concrete supports in preventing child maltreatment, including lowering chances of a substantiated abuse or neglect report for children who participate in SNAP or WIC and a decrease in child maltreatment investigations when children have continuous Medicaid or CHIP coverage. While we are glad to see that vulnerable groups, such as kids, foster youth, and kinship and fictive kin caregivers, are especially protected from the changes proposed in HB 7, the possibility remains for unintended consequences of those good intentions to improve the state's public benefits system.
We thank House Speaker David Osborne and Speaker Pro Tem David Meade for continuing to listen to feedback from stakeholders and considering key recommendations as the legislation advances, including:
- Clarifying language to allow the Cabinet for Health and Family Services' (CHFS) discretion to determine punishments for violations of fraud.
- Exempting payments made to foster, kinship, and fictive kin caregivers, as well as exempting WIC and third-party payments, such as CCAP, from requirements that public assistance programs be distributed on the same EBT card.
- Removing language around Categorical Eligibility for public benefits so children in households enrolled in SNAP can continue to automatically be eligible for free school meals.
- Requiring CHFS to develop an online Employment and Training program so families have more options to fulfill work and community engagement requirements.
- Establishing a Benefit Cliff Task Force to study bridge insurance program for low-income families and strengthen access to the Child Care Assistance Program.
As this legislation heads to the Senate, we ask for the following considerations:
- Explicitly exempt former foster youth from provisions within the legislation to ensure there are not additional barriers for this vulnerable group.
- Allow noncustodial parents who are behind on child support the ability to prove their involvement in their child's life before disqualifying them from public benefits.
- Allow Presumptive Eligibility determinations to be made by medical practitioners and various clinical sites to ensure the determination for pregnant women and children isn't limited to only hospitals.
- Strengthen the appeals process so families have the opportunity for due process before being charged with fraud.
In addition to these recommendations, we have several questions related to the bill, including but not limited to: How are former foster youth impacted by this bill? What counts as community engagement? How will mandated community engagement be monitored? Are pregnant women and former foster youth excluded from community engagement programs? What is the fiscal note for HB 7? Is ninety days enough time for the Cabinet to integrate SNAP, Medicaid, and other public assistance programs into the same EBT card?
Safety net programs play a critical role in making sure families struggling to make ends meet can have food to eat, cover basic family needs, and access critical supports and services needed to be healthy. Kentucky will be strongest when all children have their best chance to thrive as we continue to build an equitable pandemic recovery. We call on Senate leadership to consider these recommendations and questions as HB 7 progresses through the legislative process.
Stay up-to-date on Blueprint for Kentucky's Children priorities and bills that are good for kids on our Kentucky General Assembly Bill Tracker.
About Kentucky Youth Advocates
Kentucky Youth Advocates believes all children deserve to be safe, healthy, and secure. As THE independent voice for Kentucky's children, we work to ensure policymakers create investments and policies that are good for children. Learn more at _URL_.


text:
In the year 1066...
- Norwegian king Harold III and Tostig, the exiled earl of Northumbria, invade Northern England, but are defeated by the English King, Harold II, and the Battle of Stamford Bridge.
- William of Normandy invades England from the south, landing at Pevensey. King Harold rushes down from the north to turn him back but is defeated at the Battle of Hastings. William is crowned King William I of England on December 25.
- Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV dismisses his regent, Archbishop Adalbert of Hamburg-Bremen, taking power over Germany into his own hands.
- Alp Arslan, the Seljuk Sultan of Persia, attacks the Byzantine Empire, having already overrun Armenia and Georgia.
- Chinese historian Sima Guang begins his monumental Zizhi Tongjian ("the comprehensive mirror for aid in government"), an exhaustive integrated history of China from 403 BC to AD 959.
These people were born in 1066:
These people died in 1066:
1065 - 1066 - 1067

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Yes. The frightened condition and the damage caused by the spell are separate.
I read the (amended) spell description as follows:
You tap into the nightmares of a creature you can see within range and create an illusory manifestation of its deepest fears, visible only to that creature.
- The target must make a Wisdom saving throw. On a failed save, the target becomes frightened for the duration.
- At the end of each of the target's turns before the spell ends, the target must succeed on a Wisdom saving throw
or take 4d10 psychic damage. On a successful save, the spell ends.
Crucially, successful save in the last sentence refers only to the Wisdom saving throw mentioned in the previous sentence; it's describing the corresponding outcome for success to the clause describing failure in the preceding sentence.
Thus, nothing in the spell description makes the psychic damage or the spell duration conditional upon the target being susceptible to the frightened condition. Likewise, if the target was immune to psychic damage but not to the frightened condition, they would still be frightened for the spell's duration.
Since the ongoing psychic damage is independent of the frightened condition, that part of the spell continues to apply if the target is frightened and later becomes immune to being frightened, or has that condition removed.
Contrast this with the description of Fear: (PHB, p. 239)
Each creature in a 30-foot cone must succeed on a Wisdom saving throw or... become frightened for the duration.
While frightened by this spell, a creature must take the Dash action and move away from you by the safest available route on each of its turns, unless there is nowhere to move. If the creature ends its turn in a location where it doesn't have line of sight to you, the creature can make a Wisdom saving throw. On a successful save, the spell ends for that creature.
Fear is similar to Phantasmal Killer in that it initially imposes a condition on the target(s), and then has additional effects on each of the targets' turns. But, unlike Phantasmal Killer, Fear makes it clear that the ongoing effects are conditional on the initial condition by using the conditional phrase "While frightened by this spell... ". There is no such condition applied to the ongoing damage effect of Phantasmal Killer, so it doesn't seem reasonable to read the spell as having the first saving throw mitigate all of the further described effects.
Thus, the target of Phantasmal Killer makes a save when the spell is cast, and is frightened if it fails, and they make a save on each of their turns while the spell is in effect. As soon as they succeed on any of the second kind of saves, the spell ends (and it will also end if the caster loses concentration, or one minute passes).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
NASA Plans Air Pollution Flights Over Maryland on July 2
WASHINGTON -- NASA's DISCOVER-AQ air quality field campaign is scheduled to take to the skies over the Baltimore-Washington traffic corridor on Saturday, July 2, from 10:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. EDT. The flight is part of a mission to enhance the capability of satellites to measure ground-level air quality from space.
NASA's P-3B research aircraft will fly at low altitudes over the northeast Maryland study region. The P-3B is a large, 117-foot, four-engine turboprop, carrying nine scientific instruments. It will fly as low as 1,000 feet above the ground along a route that will take it over major roadway traffic corridors. The P-3B also will make spiral ascents and descents over six locations where air-quality measurements are being made from ground stations.
Approximately 14 DISCOVER-AQ flights are planned through July when weather conditions are appropriate. NASA will announce each flight by 5 p.m. the day before the aircraft is scheduled to fly. The flights will occur between 6 a.m. and 8 p.m.
DISCOVER-AQ, which stands for Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality, is a NASA Earth Science Division research effort conducted in collaboration with the Maryland Department of the Environment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and several universities.
A detailed map of the P-3B's low-altitude flight path is available at: _URL_
For more information about the DISCOVER-AQ mission, visit: _URL_
Goddard Release No. 11-039-C
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.


text:
Chapter 27. Relax-and-Recover (ReaR)
When a software or hardware failure breaks the system, the system administrator faces three tasks to restore it to the fully functioning state on a new hardware environment:
- booting a rescue system on the new hardware
- replicating the original storage layout
- restoring user and system files
Most backup software solves only the third problem. To solve the first and second problems, use Relax-and-Recover (ReaR), a disaster recovery and system migration utility.
Backup software creates backups. ReaR complements backup software by creating a rescue system. Booting the rescue system on a new hardware allows you to issue the
rear recover command, which starts the recovery process. During this process, ReaR replicates the partition layout and filesystems, prompts for restoring user and system files from the backup created by backup software, and finally installs the boot loader. By default, the rescue system created by ReaR only restores the storage layout and the boot loader, but not the actual user and system files.
This chapter describes how to use ReaR.
27.1. Basic ReaR Usage
27.1.1. Installing ReaR
Install the rear package and its dependencies by running the following command as root:
~]# yum install rear genisoimage syslinux
27.1.2. Configuring ReaR
ReaR is configured in the
/etc/rear/local.conf file. Specify the rescue system configuration by adding these lines:
OUTPUT=output format OUTPUT_URL=output location
Substitute output format with rescue system format, for example,
ISO for an ISO disk image or
USB for a bootable USB.
Substitute output location with where it will be put, for example,
file:///mnt/rescue_system/ for a local filesystem directory or
sftp://backup:_EMAIL_/ for an SFTP directory.
Example 27.1. Configuring Rescue System Format and Location
To configure ReaR to output the rescue system as an ISO image into the
/mnt/rescue_system/ directory, add these lines to the
See section "Rescue Image Configuration" of the rear(8) man page for a list of all options.
Using the configuration in Example 27.1, "Configuring Rescue System Format and Location" results into two equivalent output files in two locations:
rear's default output location
/mnt/rescue_system/HOSTNAME/rear-localhost.isooutput location specified in
However, usually you need only one ISO image. To make ReaR create an ISO image only in the directory specified by a user, add these lines to
OUTPUT=ISO BACKUP=NETFS OUTPUT_URL=null BACKUP_URL="iso:///backup" ISO_DIR="output location"
Substitute output location with the desired location for the output.
27.1.3. Creating a Rescue System
The following example shows how to create a rescue system with verbose output:
~]# rear -v mkrescue Relax-and-Recover 1.17.2 / Git Using log file: /var/log/rear/rear-rhel7.log mkdir: created directory '/var/lib/rear/output' Creating disk layout Creating root filesystem layout TIP: To login as root via ssh you need to set up /root/.ssh/authorized_keys or SSH_ROOT_PASSWORD in your configuration file Copying files and directories Copying binaries and libraries Copying kernel modules Creating initramfs Making ISO image Wrote ISO image: /var/lib/rear/output/rear-rhel7.iso (124M) Copying resulting files to file location
With the configuration from Example 27.1, "Configuring Rescue System Format and Location", ReaR prints the above output. The last two lines confirm that the rescue system has been successfully created and copied to the configured backup location
/mnt/rescue_system/. Because the system's host name is
rhel7, the backup location now contains directory
rhel7/ with the rescue system and auxiliary files:
~]# ls -lh /mnt/rescue_system/rhel7/ total 124M -rw-------. 1 root root 202 Jun 10 15:27 README -rw-------. 1 root root 166K Jun 10 15:27 rear.log -rw-------. 1 root root 124M Jun 10 15:27 rear-rhel7.iso -rw-------. 1 root root 274 Jun 10 15:27 VERSION
Transfer the rescue system to an external medium to not lose it in case of a disaster.
27.1.4. Scheduling ReaR
To schedule ReaR to regularly create a rescue system using the cron job scheduler, add the following line to the
minute hour day_of_month month day_of_week root /usr/sbin/rear mkrescue
Substitute the above command with the cron time specification (described in detail in Section 24.1.2, "Scheduling a Cron Job").
Example 27.2. Scheduling ReaR
To make ReaR create a rescue system at 22:00 every weekday, add this line to the
0 22 * * 1-5 root /usr/sbin/rear mkrescue
27.1.5. Performing a System Rescue
To perform a restore or migration:
- Boot the rescue system on the new hardware. For example, burn the ISO image to a DVD and boot from the DVD.
In the console interface, select the "Recover" option:
You are taken to the prompt:
Figure 27.2. Rescue system: promptWarning
Once you have started recovery in the next step, it probably cannot be undone and you may lose anything stored on the physical disks of the system.
rear recovercommand to perform the restore or migration. The rescue system then recreates the partition layout and filesystems:
Figure 27.3. Rescue system: running "rear recover"
Restore user and system files from the backup into the
Example 27.3. Restoring User and System Files
In this example, the backup file is a tar archive created per instructions in Section 184.108.40.206, "Configuring the Internal Backup Method". First, copy the archive from its storage, then unpack the files into
/mnt/local/, then delete the archive:
~]# scp _EMAIL_:/srv/backup/rhel7/backup.tar.gz /mnt/local/ ~]# tar xf /mnt/local/backup.tar.gz -C /mnt/local/ ~]# rm -f /mnt/local/backup.tar.gz
The new storage has to have enough space both for the archive and the extracted files.
Verify that the files have been restored:
~]# ls /mnt/local/
Figure 27.4. Rescue system: restoring user and system files from the backup
Ensure that SELinux relabels the files on the next boot:
~]# touch /mnt/local/.autorelabel
Otherwise you may be unable to log in the system, because the
/etc/passwdfile may have the incorrect SELinux context.
Finish the recovery by entering
exit. ReaR will then reinstall the boot loader. After that, reboot the system:
Figure 27.5. Rescue system: finishing recovery
Upon reboot, SELinux will relabel the whole filesystem. Then you will be able to log in to the recovered system.
27.2. Integrating ReaR with Backup Software
The main purpose of ReaR is to produce a rescue system, but it can also be integrated with backup software. What integration means is different for the built-in, supported, and unsupported backup methods.
27.2.1. The Built-in Backup Method
ReaR includes a built-in, or internal, backup method. This method is fully integrated with ReaR, which has these advantages:
a rescue system and a full-system backup can be created using a single
- the rescue system restores files from the backup automatically
As a result, ReaR can cover the whole process of creating both the rescue system and the full-system backup.
220.127.116.11. Configuring the Internal Backup Method
To make ReaR use its internal backup method, add these lines to
BACKUP=NETFS BACKUP_URL=backup location
These lines configure ReaR to create an archive with a full-system backup using the
tar command. Substitute backup location with one of the options from the "Backup Software Integration" section of the rear(8) man page. Make sure that the backup location has enough space.
Example 27.4. Adding tar Backups
To expand the example in Section 27.1, "Basic ReaR Usage", configure ReaR to also output a tar full-system backup into the
OUTPUT=ISO OUTPUT_URL=file:///mnt/rescue_system/ BACKUP=NETFS BACKUP_URL=file:///srv/backup/
The internal backup method allows further configuration.
To keep old backup archives when new ones are created, add this line:
By default, ReaR creates a full backup on each run. To make the backups incremental, meaning that only the changed files are backed up on each run, add this line:
This automatically sets
To ensure that a full backup is done regularly in addition to incremental backups, add this line:
Substitute "Day" with one of the "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu". "Fri", "Sat", "Sun".
ReaR can also include both the rescue system and the backup in the ISO image. To achieve this, set the
This is the simplest method of full-system backup, because the rescue system does not need the user to fetch the backup during


text:
Studies demonstrate the impact of effective architecture in schools
Recent research suggests that subtle changes to a learning environment can significantly alter a child's academic performance. The study, compiled by the Girls' Day School Trust (England and Wales) indicates that girls and boys will respond differently to certain spaces, conditions and temperatures, and emphasises the importance of utilising these factors in a positive way.
While girls seem to learn most effectively at a temperature of 24°C, boys prefer a cooler 21°C. Further scientific studies suggest that large atriums may produce a negative impact on girls, who learn better in small, intimate spaces, while soft surfaces produce a positive effect. Longer, hour-long classes suit girls better than boys, who perform better in short bursts of 30 minutes. These findings highlight the responsibility of the architect to design with these outcomes in mind, reiterating the power of effective architecture to change society for the better.


Ile-de-France's National Orchestra
Île-de-France's National Orchestra attaches great importance to educate all audiences to classical music and the orchestra's repertoire. This is why the orchestra has initiated a partnership with major cultural schools.
These projects were made with Quentin Dufour in a partnership between the ONDIF and the ENS Louis-Lumière.
Fragmentation and unity
Through mosaics, Liza Bodt and Quentin Dufour transcribed dynamism, mobility and the unity of Île-de-France's Orchestra.
Through photographs taken during the passage of the musicians, but also when the place was empty, each mosaic allows us to discover this place both in its architecture and in the occupation of space by the orchestra.
Thus, in these final works, we find the group spirit of the orchestra: a multitude of unique photographs, assembled to recreate a whole, a solid image.
Body and instrument
The purpose of these videographic portraits by Liza Bodt and Quentin Dufour is to value the musician as a person.
Guiding the viewer from one image to another, the split-screen emphasizes the union of the body of the musician and his instrument.
Taken from the orchestra, the artist was able to freely choose their musical discourse and thus express its uniqueness, both in the warm-up and in the piece.


text:
Defining dynamic properties inside your HTML
 This DIV will always be half the size of the page's width
Now, in the above example, I used the expression:
to derive half of the page's width. But wait, there's a catch! You see, in IE, depending on whether a page contains a valid doctype declaration at the very top of the page, the way to referencing numerous properties of the body changes as a result. Namely, if your page does, the syntax "document.documentElement" needs to be used instead of "document.body":
Taking this unexpected bit of information into account, we can create an expression that works in all types of pages in IE:
expression(document.compatMode=='CSS1Compat'? document.documentElement.clientWidth/2+'px' : body.clientWidth/2+'px');
The above expression tests for the precense of a valid doctype, and switches between the two possible syntax to referencing the desired property in IE. Notice how all the quotes are single (') instead of double (")- this is important, because inside inline styles, using the later would confuse the browser and render the dynamic expression useless!
The expression() function when invoked creates a dependency between your HTML property and dynamic expression specified. If and when the value for the later changes due to select user actions, the function will automatically update your HTML property with this new value. What this means is that if you tried to resize your browser window, for example, the DIV above will automatically resize to be half of the new window's width due to the dependency created between the two values and user actions that may affects one of the two. This is what makes Dynamic Properties such as time saverit keeps tracks of and adjusts to user actions automatically.
-Positioning an image in the center of the browser window
Without dynamic expressions, the simple task of displaying an image in the center of the window, for example, can be a messy task, partially because you also have to taken into account if the user has resized the window. Using dynamic expressions, it's a more elegant affair:
Example c1: Center Image Dynamic Properties Example:


text:
Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
Chalcedony is one of the cryptocrystalline varieties of the mineral quartz, having a waxy luster. It may be semitransparent or translucent and is usually white to gray, grayish-blue or some shade of brown, sometimes nearly black. Other shades have been given different names. A clear red chalcedony is known as carnelian or sard; a green variety colored by nickel oxide is called chrysoprase. Prase is a dull green. Plasma is a bright to emerald-green chalcedony that is sometimes found with small spots of jasper resembling blood drops; it has been referred to as blood stone or heliotrope. Chalcedony is one of the few minerals other than quartz that is found in geodes.
The contents of this article is licensed from _URL_ under the GNU Free Documentation License. Click here to see the transparent copy and copyright details


Something that will come in handy while porting applications to Mono is the ability to detect whether an application is running under Mono or.NET, and also whether it's running on Unix or Windows. While one would hope that.NET applications would be completely binary portable, there are still some situations where Mono's infancy becomes a stumbling block.
From the Mono Project Technical FAQ:
The following methods are documented in the FAQ, but to save everyone time, I'll document them here.
Detecting Mono:
 1: using System;
 3: class Program {
 4: static void Main ()
 5: {
 6: Type t = Type.GetType ("Mono.Runtime");
 7: if (t!= null)
 8: Console.WriteLine ("You are running with the Mono VM");
 9: else
 10: Console.WriteLine ("You are running something else");
 11: }
 12: }
Detecting Linux/Unix:
 1: using System;
 3: class Program {
 5: static void Main ()
 6: {
 7: int p = (int) Environment.OSVersion.Platform;
 8: if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) {
 9: Console.WriteLine ("Running on Unix");
 10: } else {
 11: Console.WriteLine ("NOT running on Unix");
 12: }
 13: }
 14: }
I apologize for the bad code formatting above, but I'm still fighting to get proper syntax highlighting working with Live Writer and BlogEngine.NET.
Comments are closed


text:
For the Orthodox Christian the Lord's Day is the first day of the week. Often it is also called the eighth day in honor Our Lord's Resurrection and the new life he brought. In the English language, and other languages of Germanic origin, the day is called Sunday or some linguistic variation. In many languages around the Mediterranean Sea the name for this day is derived from Lord's Day, while other languages including Slavic languages use a word derived from the word Resurrection.
In the Judeo-Christian Scriptures, in Genesis, the seven-day week is defined after the description of God's efforts in establishing the world, and universe with the seventh day being the Sabbath, commemorating God's day of rest. In Apostolic times the practice is noted in Acts of meeting together on the first day of the week for Eucharistic Sacrifice which is called the Lord's Day in remembrance of our Lord's Resurrection. By the second century the Lord's Day was looked upon as the day of rest and the day for celebrating the Divine Liturgy, replacing the Jewish Sabbath. Then in 325, the Council of Nicea formally declared that the Lord's Day, Sunday, was the day of worship for Orthodox Christians.
Naming of the days of the week began when the Romans adopted the seven-day week from Egypt during the early centuries of the Christian era using names from the then-known planets. When the Germanic peoples adopted the seven-day week from the Romans, they applied the names of the Teutonic deities to the days of the week. These Roman and Teutonic names have continued to be used today except that in some languages the first day has been renamed for the Lord's Day or the Resurrection while the seventh day may be called the Sabbath.
In a large part of the world, the civil calendars have been altered, making Monday the first day of the week, thus placing Sunday as the seventh day.
The practice of observing the Divine Liturgy on the first day of the week has its origin in Apostolic times. Then, the first day of the week was a day of special observance for the Christian community as it assembled to celebrate the breaking of the bread as indicated in Acts 20:7 and I Cor 16:2. Later, the Didache of the first or second century gives the injunction: "On the Lord's Day come together and break bread. And give thanks, after confessing your sins that your sacrifice may be pure." The Christian writers St Justin Martyr and Tertullian of the third century mention assembling for worship on the first day of the week. By the fourth century the practice of the earlier times of setting aside first day of the week for assembly and rest began to be codified in both civil and church canons and specifically for the Orthodox Church in the canons of the Council of Nicea.
- "Orthodox Worship" (cf. "Beginning the day and the week") by Rev. Alciviadis C. Calivas, Th.D. (GOARCH)
- Questions & Answers (cf. Question 3) (GOARCH)
- Q & A About Orthodoxy by Fr. John Matusiak (OCA)
- Post-Easter Sundays from The Orthodox Faith by Fr. Thomas Hopko (OCA)
- Sunday: Catholic Encyclopedia


text:
Marbles can be called Plainsees, Peewees, Bumblebees, Clouds, Swirlies, Cat's Eyes, or Beach Balls. They can be made of glass, clay, agate, or steel. They have been used for game play since ancient times in Pakistan, Egypt and Rome, and people of all ages play and compete today. The US National Marbles Tournament has been held on the New Jersey shore since 1922. The British and World Marbles Championship, played annually on Good Friday, dates all the way back to 1588, when two young men duked it out with marbles to determine who would win the hand of a local milkmaiden. While there are many marbles games, Ringer is the classic.
- 13 standard-sized marbles and one larger shooter marble for each player
- A flat surface
- Sidewalk chalk, or string and tape
Draw a chalk circle at least 3 feet (and as large as 10 feet) in diameter on a sidewalk or driveway, or tape a string circle in place on a carpet. The larger the circle, the more challenging the game. Place the 13 smaller marbles in the center of the circle, in the shape of an X, or scatter them randomly. The first player sits just outside the circle and shoots his or her large marble (or shooter) into the circle, aiming at one or more smaller marbles, with the intent of knocking the smaller marbles outside of the circle, while leaving the shooter inside the circle.
To shoot, place one or more knuckles on the ground and flick the shooter marble with a thumb. If one or more marbles are successfully knocked out of the circle, with the shooter left inside, the player collects the marbles he or she shot outside the circle and shoots again from the place where the shooter landed. If the shooter lands outside the circle as well, the next player is up.
The second and subsequent players do the same. Shooter marbles stay where they landed during each round. Players can also choose to shoot the shooter marbles of others further away from the circle, so that that player will have a more challenging place to shoot from during the next round. Play continues until all the marbles have been knocked out of the circle. Players count their marbles to determine a winner.
You can make your own marbles, the ancient way, using polymer clay. Roll solid or multi-colored pieces of clay into the shapes of marbles and bake according to package directions. Don't forget to make a few larger shooter marbles.


영어로 읽는 코딩
38 [C] 구조체와 함수
Structures and Functions (구조체와 함수)
struct point makepoint(int x, int y)
struct point temp;
temp.x = x;
temp.y = y;
return temp;
struct rect screen;
struct point middle;
struct point makepoint ( int, int) ;
screen.pt1 = makepoint (0, 0);
screen.pt2 = makepoint(XMAX, YMAX);
/* addpoint: add two points */
struct point addpoint(struct point p1, struct point p2)
p1.x + = p2.x;
p1.y += p2.y;
return p1;
Here both the arguments and the return value are structures. We incremented the components in p 1 rather than using an explicit temporary variable to emphasize that structure parameters are passed by value like any others.
/* ptinrect: return 1 if p in r, 0 if not */
int ptinrect(struct point p, struct rect r)
return p.x >= r.pt1.x && p.x < r.pt2.x
&& p.y >= r.pt1.y && p.y < r.pt2.y;
This assumes that the rectangle is represented in a standard form where the pt 1 coordinates are less than the pt2 coordinates. The following function returns a rectangle guaranteed to be in canonical form:
/* canonrect: canonicalize coordinates of rectangle */
struct rect canonrect(struct rect r)
struct rect temp;
temp.pt1.x = min(r.pt1.x, r.pt2.x) ;
temp.pt1.y = min(r.pt1.y, r.pt2.y) ;
temp.pt2.x = max(r.pt1.x, r.pt2.x);
temp.pt2.y = max(r.pt1.y, r.pt2.y);
return temp;
struct point *pp;
says that pp is a pointer to a structure of type struct point. If pp points to a point structure, *PP is the structure, and (*PP). x and (*PP). y are the members. To use pp, we might write, for example,
struct point origin, *PP;
pp = &origin;
printf( "origin is (%d,%d)\n"'(*pp).x, (*pp).y);
member operator. is higher than *. The expression *PP. x means *(pp. x), which is illegal here because x is not a pointer.
refers to the particular member. (The operator -> is a minus sign immediately followed by >.) So we could write instead
printf("origin is (%d,%d)\n", pp->x, pp->y);
struct rect r, *rp = &r;
then these four expressions are equivalent:
rp->pt1. x
(r.pt1). x
(rp->pt1).x
struct {
int len;
char *str;
} *p;
increments len, not p, because the implied parenthesization is ++(p->len). Parentheses can be used to alter the binding: (++p)->len increments p before accessing len, and (p++) -> len increments p afterward. (This last set of parentheses is unnecessary.)
In the same way, *P->str fetches whatever str points to; *P->str++ increments str after accessing whatever it points to (just like *s++); (*p->str)++increments whatever str points to; and *p++->str increments p after accessing whatever str points to.
[The C Programming Language p.129-132]
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text:
Based on its long-term cooperative network in Russian and European space science and industry, MIPT provides focused training for joining research and engineering teams of planetary missions worldwide. Our faculty have unique experience of participation in missions to Mars, Venus, Jupiter and other Solar System bodies and develop hi-end instruments for future missions. Students graduating from the program will be prepared for admission to a PhD program in planetary science in the world's leading universities.
Theoretical part of the program includes fundamentals of orbital dynamics, planetarygeology, physics and chemistry of planetary interiors and atmospheres, including extrasolar planets. Special attention is given to methods and instrumentation of planetary studies, including interplanetary missions and spaceborne astronomy. The program implies extended practice and internship in Russia's leading research teams involved in planetary missions lead by Roskosmos, ESA, NASA, and other space agencies. Students enrolled in our Masterprogramme take part in mission planning, instrument design, operations, data treatment and interpretation.
- Introduction to the physics of planets;
- Orbital dynamics of planetary systems;
- Planetary geology;
- Planetary interiors Physics and chemistry of impacts;
- Dynamics of planetary atmospheres;
- Photochemistry and spectroscopy of planetary atmospheres;
- Radiative transfer in planetary atmospheres;
- Planetary climate;
- Instruments and methods of planetary missions;
- Planetary astronomy;
- Inverse problems in planetary studies.
- University of Reims (France);
- University of Cologne (Germany);
- University of Göttingen (Germany);
- EPFL (Switrzerland);
- Complutense University of Madrid (Spain).
Prof. Alexander Rodin


I, holobiont
In 2019, performer and choreographer Nella Turkki and Janis Heldmann created a short choreography for the Urban Art Festival in Herne. The 20-minutes performance named "I, holobiont" dealt with the topic of the human body as a multispecies entity.
A holobiont is a living ecosystem that consists of diverse cells, microbes and bacteria. These living beings share the same body and live in the interdependence of each other. Modern biology claims that the human body is such a system and therefore a holobiont.
How can we encounter the unknown in us and each other, if we are aware that our behavior is influenced by bacteria and microbes? Where are our borders to the environment, if we are not alone in our bodies?
These questions were the main motives of "I, holobiont". Furthermore, a recorded speech invited the audience to discover their own embodied awareness of their holobionic nature.
The performance is abvailable to be shown in festivals in Germany and Europe. The full length video can be requested.


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Truth: Hydrogen peroxide can actually be toxic to the healing cells in a wound. "Parents often think that it's doing its job because it bubbles a bit when it hits the skin," says David Mooney, MD, trauma program director at Children's Hospital Boston. It's better to use over-the-counter saline solution or plain soap and water.Myth: If pus oozes from a cut, it's infected.
Truth: Before a scab forms, it's normal for a cut to have some yellowish pus. "This is a sign that the body is trying to make a scab to protect the wound," Dr. Mooney explains. However, once a scab has formed, pus that's thick and green or has a foul odor could be a sign of infection.Myth: Wounds should be left open to the air.
Truth: Covering cuts and scrapes with a bandage helps keep them clean. It also prevents children from picking at scabs and touching their wounds -- habits that can lead to infection, says David Spiro, MD, chief of pediatric emergency medicine at Oregon Health and Science University, in Portland. He recommends replacing the bandage once a day.Myth: If a cut or scrape itches, that means it's healing.
Truth: The skin around the cut starts to pull together during healing, so it can be itchy. But itchiness can also be caused by an allergic reaction to the ointment or an infection like yeast or fungus.Myth: It's best to remove your child's bandage with one quick pull.
Truth: Tearing a bandage off too fast can cause a cut to reopen. Instead, remove it slowly, in the direction of hair growth. If the bandage won't budge, dab rubbing alcohol or water on the edge to loosen the adhesive.Myth: Some cuts take a long time to heal.
Truth: Most cuts heal within two weeks (five days for ones on the face). Cuts that ooze fluid, don't scab, are swollen, or aren't showing signs of healing need to be checked by a doctor.


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The cemetery as seen up close as approaching from the road.
This stone rests directly beneath a tree that appears to be about 250 years old.
This is the only stone that has retained its shape. However, if there were any engravings, weather, and time, have worn them away.
This stone has kept part of its original shape, however, it is rough and no engravings are visible.
This stone is partially embedded in the ground, and is sticking up only about 4-inches.
Another stone that has been worn away by time and weather. No markings visible.
And the last stone: at first I thought this was just a rock, but when you look closely, you can see it has been chiseled and is actually a grave stone. No markings are visible.
Another view of the stone beneath the tree. This is looking out toward the road. As you can see, across the road is an old abandoned farmhouse. How appropriate that the two face one another.
It is a sad, sad place.
Another view of the only complete stone at the cemetery. This is looking toward the east, and Gap Valley, shortly after sunrise. It appears that most of the stones are set in an east to west point in the cemetery. [The odd looking shape on the right is a tree stump, from where a tree was cut down many years ago, and its stump never cleared away.]
This concludes all of the stones at the Neel Cemetery.


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Introduces the fundamental principles of design of concrete structures. Students will learn how to analyse, design and detail reinforced concrete sections for buildings, including beams, columns, slabs and foundations using limit states design. Students will also gain an understanding of concrete reinforcing design and inspection.
General concepts of reinforced concrete structures
Loads and limit states design of reinforced concrete structures
Design of reinforced concrete beams, slabs, columns and pad foundations
Detailing, anchorage and curtailment of reinforced concrete structures
Unit Learning Outcomes express learning achievement in terms of what a student should know, understand and be able to do on completion of a unit. These outcomes are aligned with the graduate attributes. The unit learning outcomes and graduate attributes are also the basis of evaluating prior learning.
|On completion of this unit, students should be able to:|
|1||design and detail, using engineering sketches, a range of reinforced concrete members including beams, slabs and columns|
|2||demonstrate an understanding of limit states design concepts and apply this to the design of concrete structures.|
On completion of this unit, students should be able to:
- design and detail, using engineering sketches, a range of reinforced concrete members including beams, slabs and columns
- demonstrate an understanding of limit states design concepts and apply this to the design of concrete structures.
- No prescribed texts.
Teaching and assessment
Commonwealth Supported courses
For information regarding Student Contribution Amounts please visit the Student Contribution Amounts.
Please check the international course and fee list to determine the relevant fees.


May 29 2018
3 Tips For Making Your GDPR Messaging Accessible
GDPR ADA ComplianceMay 25, 2018 was the day GDPR went into full effect. For some companies, the impact of GDPR is non-existent or minimal. Other companies are blocking European visitors until they figure out how to comply, but most are assessing the risk and making appropriate changes where they can.
If you are in the third group, you are likely creating popups and modals to speak to customers about your recent privacy policy changes, how you use cookies and/or general information about GDPR and your business.
While only your legal and compliance folks should advise you on WHAT you should say in the pop-up, it is important to consider HOW you present this information on your website if your site is WCAG 2.0 Level AA conformant.
Presenting GDPR Information in a Pop-Up or Modal
Many businesses are adding this information in a pop-up or modal, which can be troublesome for persons with disabilities if not properly coded. GDPR states that such alerts need to appear on the site without the user doing something first. Access these developer tips to support ADA best practice coding:
1. Label buttons so screen readers can make sense of them.
Is the 'x' in your popup unlabeled? Then how would a blind person know that it closes the pop-up? By adding the code in yellow below, this will ensure that persons with disabilities can understand the action. If the button text is not descriptive enough to convey what clicking it will do, for example if it is an image, icon, or 'X', use the aria-label attribute to provide additional information to a screen reader.
GDPR ADA Dialog Modal Code X
2. Make sure the modal gets focus!
When you pop up a modal, if you don't assign focus, the keyboard user may never get to it and make it disappear with their next tab, or worse, be confined to purgatory in the grayed-out web-page behind the modal.
In the case of a modal or other dialogue that appears over the page, focus should be sent to the element. Set the tabindex attribute of the containing element to -1 to make it focusable, then set focus on it using JavaScript when it is shown.
GDPR ADA jQuery Example //after modal is shown $("_TAG_").focus();
3. Give your Pop-up a heading
Headings convey structure and they give another anchor for screen readers to lock on to. The pop-up dialog should have an appropriate heading. Give the heading an ID and use the aria-labelledby attribute on the dialog container to inform the screen reader this serves as the label/title for the dialog.
 Our Privacy Policy
Additionally, adding role="dialog" helps inform assistive technology of the purpose of this content and separate from the rest of the page.
As always, consult with your developer or digital agency to provide guidance on your specific website and ADA conformance needs.
 - Content
 - Website
 - Website Compliance
Related Article
Understanding The Impact of GDPR on Your Website


5:00 am ET
Nov 9, 2013
Number of the Week
Number of the Week: The Benefits of Gentrification
 - An 8 point on average improvement on their credit scores--so what! Lets suppose that all the residents prior to gentrification had poor credit scores of 500. An 8 point point improvement would be a 1.6% increase. Come on. What is the statistical error in this study? Would a 1.6% increase make any real-world difference at all? And what about the total net costs such as higher property taxes for those prior-to-gentrification residents who stayed? The costs to those who moved of moving? I must say this seems to be a really unconvincing study.
 - Wait a minute has a good point. I would also ask (from abroad - so ignorant of USA) how credit scores are determined. If they are wholly or partly determined by the socio-economic profile of the local population or their average credit records then the whole argument may be circular: as house prices rise credit scores will be adjusted upwards. And what benefit do people get from their credit score changing? None unless they are out borrowing. Or is it meant to be a proxy (for ¿what)?
Add a Comment
About Real Time Economics


text:
Mapping the Genome:
Finding the location of genes in any organism's genome is a very
complex task. This section surveys approaches to mapping the
bacterial genome, using E.coli as an example. All three modes of
gene transfer and recombination have been used in mapping.
Hfr conjugation is frequently used to map the relative location of bacterial genes. This technique rests on the observation that during conjugation the linear chromosome moves from donor to recipient at a constant rate. In an interrupted mating experiment the conjugation bridge is broken and Hfr F mating is stopped at various intervals after the start of conjugation by mixing the culture vigorously in a blender. The order and timing of gene transfer can be determined because they are a direct reflection of the order of genes on the bacterial chromosome. For example, extrapolation of the curves in figure back to the x-axis will give the time at which
each gene just began …


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"It could have been something as simple as a short chain of amino acids embedded in a cell membrane which, when pushed on (by a small vibrating bone, for example), created a hole in the membrane that allowed ions to flow in, starting the signaling cascade. Short chains of amino acids were certainly around very early on, and any lipophyllic sequences would embed in a cell membrane."
What does your last statement have to do with the likelyhood that the DNA would encoded such changes as to embed an amino acid sequence in the cell membrane?
Now if you had said, 'a genetic mutation created lipophyllic sequences that would then embed in a cell membrane', then we would not have had all these replies back and forth.
I apologize for not understanding what you meant to say, as oppose to what you actually wrote.
Now we can move on the the odds that such a scenario might happen. :)


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Life or Limb
What happens when your leg gets trapped under a building?
Doctors have swarmed to Haiti from around the world to tend to the victims of last week's earthquake, including many whose arms or legs were pinned under steel beams or slabs of concrete. Can you die from a crushed limb?
Yes. If your arm or leg were compressed for less than four hours—two hours if you're elderly or have poor circulation—there is a good chance that doctors will be able to save both your life and your limb. If you manage to survive with a compressed limb for more than eight hours—because you don't have an open fracture and haven't succumbed to fatal blood loss—then you'll almost certainly need an amputation, but the rest of you should be OK. In between those two time frames, emergency doctors face a difficult decision. They can try to save your arm or leg, but the toxins released from its damaged tissues might enter your bloodstream, putting you in grave danger of organ failure.
This all plays out in a chain reaction of systemic effects which doctors call "crush syndrome." During the first phase of crush syndrome, the limb is still trapped under concrete or another material, and thus cut off from blood flow in either direction. As a result, muscle tissue begins to die, and the collapsing cells release proteins, potassium, and lactic acid. These chemicals, which circulate through the body at much lower concentrations under normal circumstances, accumulate in the affected area. (Dead muscles also tend to harden. If the compressed limb exhibits a wooden quality similar to rigor mortis, it's likely to be amputated.)
When the concrete is lifted and circulation is restored, fluid rushes into the affected area to dilute the released electrolytes so their local concentration matches that of the rest of the body. Under normal circumstances, bodily fluids circulate through two spaces—the blood vessels and the insides of cells. But after a crushing injury—or any condition that depletes protein stores like liver failure or malnutrition—the fluid becomes sequestered in an extravascular space. (The process is known as "third spacing.") For some earthquake victims, several gallons of fluid might become sequestered in a swollen, damaged limb in the days following their rescue, resulting in dramatically increased pressure in the affected area and decreased blood pressure in the rest of the body. To prevent hypotension, which can quickly starve vital organs, rescuers often administer fluids to a crush victim through an IV drip even before freeing them. (All of this extra fluid can cause more problems. The blood can become diluted, resulting in anemia.)
While fluids flow into the injured limb, the proteins and potassium flow out into the rest of the body, posing an even greater risk to the victim. Once it gets into the bloodstream, this debris from expired muscle tissue can clog up the kidneys. Typically, one-half of those pulled from collapsed buildings experience some degree of kidney failure, and one-half of those survivors require dialysis. The increased potassium concentration can cause the heart to beat irregularly or stop altogether. Lactic acid—also from the damaged muscle tissue—decreases blood pH, exacerbating the risk of cardiac problems.
The lingering effects of crush syndrome can be deadly even days or weeks after rescue. A study of 18 patients admitted to the intensive-care unit following the 1999 Marmara earthquake in Turkey found that eight did not survive their hospital stay. Doctors in Haiti face a particularly challenging situation. Crush syndrome can be managed if electrolyte levels can be closely monitored. But medical centers were destroyed in the earthquake, modern equipment is scarce, and electricity is hard to come by. As a result, amputation–either in the field or in an operating room—is often the safest option.
Got a question about today's news? Ask the Explainer.
Explainer thanks Jim Holliman of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Jerry Mothershead of the American College of Emergency Physicians.
Become a fan of the Explainer on Facebook.


Fishermen have the right to take boats up to 200 nautical miles in sea, why are they not protected?
The National Fishworkers' Forum (NFF), in a letter to Nitin Gadkari, Minister for Shipping, Government of India, has demanded quick and stern action against those responsible in the killing of 12 fishermen in Kochin. Text of the letter:
As you might already know that the early morning hours of 7th August, three fishermen died while nine went missing after a ship carrying oil rammed into the boat off the coast near Kochi. The oil tanker rammed into their boat while all the fishermen were fishing and they were in no way forewarned of the other's presence.
According to sources, three different ships passed the area around the same time. One of them hit the boat and then gained speed and fled away from the scene, not rescuing the fishermen who fell into the water. We at National Fishworkers Forum condemn this act of intentional disregard for the life of fellow human beings. The vessel not only crashed into the boat it didn't even rescue the fishermen whose lives it endangered. The people on board the tanker should take full responsibility of their actions and should be charged as such.
This isn't the first time that such an occurrence has taken place. In the past few years, many fishermen have lost their lives at sea because private ships rammed into their boats, or, in one case, they were shot at because two Italian marines mistook them to be pirates and other such cases. Fishermen have the right to take their boats up to 200 nautical miles in the sea, however, the central and state authorities have made no efforts to ensure their protection while they take their boats out. Most of the fishermen who have lost their lives come from small traditional fishing communities and their need to survive takes them out to far lengths in the sea. The authorities need to protect them and their livelihood.
Screen shot 2018-08-10 at 10.38.21 AMWe represent fishing communities and their unions across the country and we demand the following:
 1. State/Central authorities should identify the ship immediately. The captain of the tanker and the owner should be booked for the crime they committed and should additionally be charged for not stopping to rescue the fishermen.
 2. The central and state authorities need to employ a system of protection for such fishermen, like coast guards and Marine Enforcements patrolling common fishing areas.
 3. The Deputy Director General of Lighthouses and Light shipping in Kochin has the ability to track each registered ship that passes through the coast, they were obviously able enough to track the location of the oil tanker, so why didn't they raise any alarm? The officials who ignored the incident should be booked under extreme negligence.
Signatories: Narendra R Patil, chairperson, and T Peter, general secretary, NFF
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the high explosive. For other uses, see Dynamite (disambiguation).
 1. Sawdust (or any other type of absorbent material) soaked in nitroglycerin.
 2. Protective coating surrounding the explosive material.
 3. Blasting cap.
 4. Electrical cable (or fuse) connected to the blasting cap.
Preparation of dynamite during the construction of the Douglas Dam, 1942.
Dynamite is an explosive material based on nitroglycerin, using diatomaceous earth (AmE: kieselgur; BrE: kieselguhr), or another adsorbent substance such as powdered shells or clay. Dynamites using organic materials as sorbents such as sawdust are less stable and such use has been generally discontinued. Dynamite was invented by the Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht, Germany, and patented in 1867.
Invention, purpose, and use[edit]
"Nobel's ExtraDynamite" manufactured by Nobel's old company, Nitroglycerin Aktiebolaget.
Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel and was the first safely manageable explosive stronger than black powder. Nobel obtained patents for his invention in England on May 7, 1867, in Sweden on October 19, 1867.[1] After its introduction, dynamite rapidly gained wide-scale use as a safe alternative to black powder and nitroglycerin. Nobel tightly controlled the patents, and unlicensed duplicating companies were quickly shut down. However, a few American businessmen got around the patent by using a slightly different formula.[2]
Nobel originally sold dynamite as "Nobel's Blasting Powder" but decided to change the name to dynamite, from the Ancient Greek word δύναμις dýnamis, meaning "power".[3][4]
An industrialist, engineer, and inventor, the Swedish Nobel built bridges and buildings in Stockholm. His construction work inspired him to research new methods of blasting rock. Today Dynamite is mainly used in the mining, quarrying, construction, and demolition industries. Dynamite is still the product of choice for trenching applications, and as a cost-effective alternative to cast boosters. Dynamite is occasionally used as an initiator or booster for AN and ANFO explosive charges.
Nitroglycerin by itself is a very strong explosive, but is extremely shock-sensitive (that is, physical shock can cause it to explode), and degrades over time to even more unstable forms, which makes it highly dangerous to transport or use. Dynamite combines nitroglycerin with adsorbents and stabilizers, rendering it safe to use, but retaining the powerful explosive properties of nitroglycerin. The most common composition of dynamite consists of three parts nitroglycerin, one part diatomaceous earth and a small admixture of sodium carbonate.
Dynamite is usually sold in the form of cylinders about 8 in (20 cm) long and about 1.25 in (3.2 cm) in diameter, with a weight of about 0.5 lb troy (0.186 kg).[5] Other sizes also exist. The maximum shelf life of nitroglycerin-based dynamite is recommended as one year from the date of manufacture under good storage conditions.[5] A stick of dynamite thus produced contains roughly 1 MJ of energy.
Storage considerations[edit]
Over time, regardless of the sorbent used, sticks of dynamite will "weep" or "sweat" nitroglycerin, which can then pool in the bottom of the box or storage area. For that reason, explosive manuals recommend the repeated turning over of boxes of dynamite in storage. Crystals will form on the outside of the sticks causing them to be even more shock, friction, and temperature sensitive. This creates a very dangerous situation. While the risk of an explosion without the use of a blasting cap is minimal for fresh dynamite, old dynamite is dangerous. Modern packaging helps eliminate this by placing the dynamite into sealed plastic bags, and using wax coated cardboard.
Dynamite is moderately sensitive to shock. Shock resistance tests are usually carried out with a drop-hammer: about 100 mg of explosive is placed on an anvil, upon which a weight of between 0.5 and 10 kg is dropped from different heights until detonation is achieved.[6] With a hammer of 2 kg, mercury fulminate detonates with a drop distance of 1 to 2 cm, nitroglycerin with 4 to 5 cm, dynamite with 15 to 30 cm, and ammoniacal explosives with 40 to 50 cm.
Major manufacturers[edit]
Advertisement for the Aetna Explosives Company of New York.
South Africa[edit]
For several decades beginning in the 1940s, the largest producer of dynamite in the world was the Union of South Africa. There the De Beers company established a factory in 1902 at Somerset West. The explosives factory was later operated by AECI (African Explosives and Chemical Industries). The demand for the product came mainly from the country's vast gold mines, centered on the Witwatersrand. The factory at Somerset West was in operation in 1903 and by 1907 it was already producing 340,000 cases, 50 pounds (22 kilograms) each, annually. A rival factory at Modderfontein was producing another 200,000 cases per year.[7]
There were two large explosions at the Somerset West plant during the 1960s. Some workers died, but the loss of life was limited by the modular design of the factory and its earth works, and the planting of trees that directed the blasts upward. There were several other explosions at the Modderfontein factory. After 1985, pressure from trade unions forced AECI to phase out the production of dynamite. The factory then went on to produce ammonium nitrate emulsion-based explosives that are safer to manufacture and handle.[8]
United States[edit]
Dynamite was manufactured by the E. I du Pont de Nemours Company until the mid-1970s. Other American dynamite makers of that time period included the Hercules Corporation, Atlas, Trojan US Powder, Austin, and several other smaller firms.
Currently only Dyno Nobel manufactures Dynamite in the US. The only facility producing it is located in Carthage, Missouri, but the material is purchased from Dyno Nobel by other manufacturers, who put their label on the dynamite and boxes.
Non-dynamite explosives[edit]
Other explosives are often referred to or confused with dynamite:
Though both TNT and dynamite are high explosives, there is little similarity between them. Dynamite is a stabilized form of nitroglycerine while TNT is a chemical compound called trinitrotoluene. The energy density (joules/kilogram or J/kg) of dynamite is approximately 125% that of TNT: 5.0 MJ/kg for dynamite vs 4.0 MJ/kg of TNT.
"Extra" dynamite[edit]
In the United States, in 1885, the chemist Russell S. Penniman invented "ammonium dynamite", a form of explosive that used ammonium nitrate as a substitute for the more costly nitroglycerin. Ammonium nitrate has only 85% of the chemical energy of nitroglycerin.
"Military dynamite"[edit]
"Military dynamite" is a dynamite substitute, formulated without nitroglycerin. It contains 75% RDX, 15% TNT, 5% SAE 10 motor oil, and 5% cornstarch, but much safer to store and handle for long periods than Nobel's dynamite.[9] Military dynamite achieves greater stability by avoiding the use of nitroglycerin and uses much more stable chemicals.[10]
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Schück & Sohlman (1929), p. 101.
 2. ^ US Patent 234489 issued to Morse 16 November 1880
 3. ^ "dynamite." The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2003. Houghton Mifflin Company 19 March 2013 _URL_
 4. ^ "dynamite." Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged. 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003. HarperCollins Publishers 19 March 2013 _URL_
 5. ^ a b "Austin Powder Guide, Dynamite series page 2" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-06-09.
 6. ^ Carlos López Jimeno, Emilio López Jimeno, Francisco Javier Ayala-Carcedo, Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, translated by Yvonne Visser de Ramiro from Manual de perforación y voladura de rocas (1987), Geomining Technological Institute of Spain (Instituto Tecnológico Geominero de Espan~a), Taylor & Francis, London and New York, 1995, ISBN 90-5410-199-7
 7. ^ AECI: South Africa - History of the Chemical Industry
 8. ^ "Historical Highlights 1980's". Web.archive.org. 30 June 2006. Archived from the original on


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News - April 27, 2023
EUCOPE signs joint letter warning of potential conflicts between Data Act and GDPR
EUCOPE joined an industry coalition to warn of the potential conflicts between the Data Act and the GDPR, emphasising the importance of ensuring a fair playing field.
The letter, sent to several Members of the European Parliament, the Swedish Presidency, and Commissioner Mr. Breton, warns of potential conflicts between the Data Act and the GDPR, emphasising the importance of ensuring a fair playing field. In particular, the letter expresses signatories' concerns about the European Commission's original proposal and the Council's position on Article 6.2 (b) that clearly interfere with the GDPR and would lead to unintended consequences that will work against achieving a level playing field and impede innovation.
The signatories made a recommendation to policymakers involved in the trilogue negotiations to ensure that the Data Act aligns with the GDPR by supporting the text adopted by Parliament concerning article 6.2 (b). Furthermore, they urged policymakers to ensure that the provisions set out in the GDPR, including safeguards to user privacy, prevail for the processing of personal data. Granting that the current EU data protection legal framework will secure a future-proof Data Act text, welcoming competition, growth in the digital economy and future innovations instead of ruling them out from the outset.
Besides EUCOPE, the letter was signed by fellow European-level Industry Trade Associations including the Advertising Information Group (AIG), the Federation of European Data and Marketing (FEDMA), and SMEUnited and its National Digital Advertising Association members including Alliance Digitale (IAB France), BVDW, IAB Ireland, IAB Poland, IAB Spain, and IAB Sweden.
Read the Full Letter


text:
Unique Acoustic System Protects Manatees From Injuries And Death [ScienceDaily 2008-06-11]
[Photo] Manatees live in shallow, calm rivers, estuaries, saltwater bays, canals, and coastal areas. They move from fresh to salt water easily and the Florida manatee frequents most areas of Florida. It is estimated that there are approximately 3,000 Florida manatees in existence today. (Credit: Image courtesy of Florida Atlantic University)
ScienceDaily (Jun. 11, 2008) — Researchers at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University have developed and improved upon a unique acoustic system designed to keep manatees from being injured or killed by flood gates and boat locks. Locks are used on sections of a canal or river that may be closed off by gates to control the water level to enable the raising and lowering of boats passing through.
The "Manatee Acoustic Detection Sensor Protection System" is composed of an array of unique acoustic transmitters and receivers that provide non-contact detection of manatees as they pass through the gates of the lock. When a manatee blocks the acoustic beams, which they cannot hear, the gates stop and remain open long enough to allow them to pass through safely. Harbor Branch recently received a $5.8 million federal contract from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to install the system in southern Florida on the six navigation locks around Lake Okeechobee. Among these are Moore Haven lock at Clewiston and the Port Mayaca lock where the St. Lucie River meets Lake Okeechobee, a waterway that links the Atlantic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico.
Engineers at Harbor Branch designed manatee protective pressure systems more than a decade ago for canal lift gates used by the South Florida Water Management District. Last summer, the Harbor Branch manatee protection team installed the system on the Ortona Lock on the Caloosahatchee River which is part of the Okeechobee Waterway System operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Corps wanted a new system for lock gates that swing open too fast and sent out a public request for bids for replacement—Harbor Branch's high frequency sound system won.
"This summer we'll be entering into phase 2 of the second year of this important project and we will begin assisting with the installation of the devices at six locks in Lake Okeechobee," said Larry Taylor, project manager for manatee protection systems at Harbor Branch. "We installed the prototype acoustic system about ten years ago in the St. Lucie lock. Since then, we have redesigned the system with underwater sensor cartridges. The device is now smaller, cheaper, faster and easier to operate."
Aside from watercraft collisions, the highest incidence of human-caused mortality to manatees is due to entrapment in floodgates and canal locks. According to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, locks or gates caused at least 191 manatee deaths statewide since 1974. Manatees live in shallow, calm rivers, estuaries, saltwater bays, canals, and coastal areas. They move from fresh to salt water easily and the Florida manatee frequents most areas of Florida. It is estimated that there are approximately 3,000 Florida manatees in existence today.


text:
Mixed-effects models or, more simply, mixed models are statistical models that incorporate both fixed-effects parameters, which apply to an entire population or to well-defined subsets of a population, and random effects, which apply to specific experimental or observational units in the study. The workshop will introduce mixed-effects models and the lme4 package for fitting, analyzing and displaying linear mixed-effects models, generalized linear mixed models and nonlinear mixed models with scalar or vector-valued random effects in nested, crossed or partially crossed configurations. We will use recently developed capabilities in lme4 that allow for hypothesis testing on and interval estimation of the model parameters using profiled likelihood.
The section on fitting linear mixed models includes multilevel and hierarchical linear models as a special case. The methods in lme4 are particularly effective on very large data sets (millions of observations on hundreds of thousands of subjects) and models in which the random effects are not nested.


text:
John Gottman's research reveals that 69% of conflict in relationships is due to unrealized expectations that come out in the relationship. In Conscious Mating we refer to what you want for your life and relationship your "Vision."
In this program you will learn:
- What is "Vision" and why is it important to relationship success?
- How to gain clarity about your individual vision
- How to develop a shared vision for your life together
- The role of vision in determining long-term compatibility in dating and pre-committed relationships
- How to use a "Conscious Mating Plan" to make your dreams come true in your life and relationship together
- And more!


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Let $X$ be a normed space and $(x'_n) \subseteq X'$ a sequence of functionals where $x_n'$ has $x'$ has its limit in the *-weak topology in $X'$. Show that $$ ||x'|| \le \operatorname{lim inf}_{n\to \infty} ||x'_n||. $$ I have no glue how to show this, do you have any hints?
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3 Answers 3
Fix $N$ an integer, and let $v_N$ of norm $1$ such that $\lVert x'(v_N)\rVert\geqslant \lVert x'\rVert -N^{—1}$.
Then write $$\lVert x'\rVert\leqslant N^{-1}+\liminf_{n\to +\infty}\lVert x'_n(v_N)\rVert$$
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Let $L=\liminf_{n\to\infty}\|x_n\|$. Consider a subsequence $x_{n_k}'$ so $\|x_{n_k}\|


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Are We Thinking Too Little, or Too Much?
In the course of making a decision, managers often err in one of two directions—either overanalyzing a situation or forgoing all the relevant information and simply going with their gut. HBS marketing professor Michael I. Norton discusses the potential pitfalls of thinking too much or thinking too little. Key concepts include:
- When deciding among potential products or employees, managers often take too much time considering all the attributes of their choices—even attributes that have no bearing on the situation at hand.
- However, in trying to avoid overthinking a decision for fear of decision paralysis, managers often "over-correct" and end up not thinking enough.
- We know that sometimes people think too much, and sometimes they think too little. But we still don't know the right amount to think.
The most captivating item in Michael Norton's office is a Star Wars The Force Trainer, a toy that allows would-be Jedi warriors to levitate a Ping-Pong ball within a tube using only the power of focused thinking. Norton, a marketing professor at Harvard Business School, plans to study whether inducing people into believing they can expertly control the ball will affect the way they perceive themselves as business influencers.
In fact, Norton spends most of his time thinking about thinking. So it's somewhat ironic that his latest line of research explores the idea of thinking too much.
"If you've done something the same way for 10 years, it might be time to reconsider."
"Academics traditionally have taken two different approaches to decision-making," says Norton, who teaches in the Marketing Unit. "One view is that people often make decisions too hastily; they use shortcuts and heuristics, and therefore they're susceptible to biases and mistakes. The implication is that if maybe they thought more, they'd do better.
"And then there's this whole stream of research about ways in which you should think more carefully in more logical ways—creating decision trees that map out 'if you want to do this, then you should do this and not that,' making lists of the pros and cons and making a decision based on which list is longer, and so on."
However, there has been little research that considers the notion that overthinking a decision might actually lead to the wrong outcome. Nor have researchers come up with a model that explores how to determine when we're overthinking a decision—even though logic tells us that there certainly is such a thing.
"We all know that when we make lists, we often end up crumpling them and throwing them away because they're not really helping us make decisions," Norton says. "Bill Clinton was famous for becoming so involved with the intricacies of each policy that no decisions were made. Having a leader who considers every detail sounds great in theory, but it can be suboptimal for moving forward with a decision. There's a paralysis that can come with thinking too much."
Norton explores this idea in From Thinking Too Little to Thinking Too Much: A Continuum of Decision Making, an article he co-wrote with Duke University's Dan Ariely for Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science.
"We set out not to tell people whether they're thinking the right way, but just to get them thinking, 'I'm supposed to be making a decision right now—am I thinking too little about this, or am I thinking too much?' " Norton says. "Both of those could lead to mistakes."
"We set out not to tell people whether they're thinking the right way, but just to get them thinking, 'I'm supposed to be making a decision right now-am I thinking too little about this, or am I thinking too much?' Both of those could lead to mistakes."
For example, in choosing laptop computers for a sales team, an IT executive might get caught up in comparing the graphics capabilities and audio quality of various options, when in fact the only factors of importance to users are the size, weight, and security features. Worse yet, even if they narrow down the list of attributes under consideration, executives can still be stymied if they try to consider every single laptop on the market. (In the article, Norton and Ariely cite a study by social psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper, who showed that grocery store shoppers who were offered free samples of 24 jam flavors were less likely to buy any jam at all than those shoppers who sampled only 6 flavors; considering too many options made it too hard to choose one.)
The problem is that time-crunched managers often swing too far to the other end of the decision-making thinking spectrum—that is, they don't think at all.
"Very often managers find that there's not enough time to think through every single scenario or customer segment, which can take months," Norton says. "But too often the correction to 'We don't have time to do that' is an over-correction to one hundred percent 'We should go with our gut.' "
While all good managers should be able to make snap decisions in high-pressure situations, they may miss out on good opportunities—and fall into ruts—when they make quick decisions strictly out of habit. Too often, "We always do it that way" is the main reason for a decision.
For instance, a manager might hire or disqualify job candidates based on whether they make good eye contact during an interview, just because past candidates who made good eye contact ended up performing well at the company.
"So they just decide to use that criterion forever because it's worked out in the past," Norton explains. "But they don't think about what if they had hired people who don't make eye contact. Maybe they would have been better than the people who do. And so that's the idea we want people to consider. Sometimes when you make habitual decisions, things work out fine. But that doesn't mean they're the best decisions. And if you've done something the same way for 10 years, it might be time to reconsider—to think a little more."
More detrimentally, people may make downright bad decisions based on force of habit. In the article, Norton and Ariely describe a study in which several participants watched a movie while eating popcorn. Some received fresh popcorn, while others were given week-old, stale popcorn. The researchers found that those participants who always ate popcorn at the movies were just as likely to gobble down the stale popcorn as they were the fresh popcorn, strictly out of habit.
Lately, Norton has been studying the brain chemistry of decision makers, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) in order to determine the neural signatures of decisions based on habits and those based on thoughtful analysis. He gives the example of choosing a favorite hangout because of the quality of the coffee and the ambience at a particular coffeehouse, as opposed to stumbling into a café on a very cold day when any hot drink would seem delicious—yet coming to believe in both cases that the establishment truly offers the best coffee in the whole world. "Ask yourself: Do I like this coffee because I really like this coffee, or do I like it because it was cold out?" Norton says.
Still, there's a long way to go before science offers a clear-cut method for thinking through decisions perfectly.
"We are hopeful that people will continue to conduct research in this area," Norton says. "What we know now is that people sometimes think too much, and sometimes they think too little. But we still don't know the right amount to think for any given decision, which is a fascinating decision yet to be solved."


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2. In Neu Theory, the term acceleration applies to:
- uniform universal acceleration a of the absolute speed c of the two movement/energy forms spin and rise. This is one of the four fundamental physical quantities of nature, the identity of time and the cause of force.
- the change in speed or direction of motion of a body, relative to a system of reference at speeds less than the speed of light.


text: This article uses framing theory to examine how activists and trade unions have framed labour's political agenda in Malaysia. A polity grounded in ethnicity continues to hinder the formation of cross-ethnic collective worker identities and labour politics. However, inclusive popular democratising movements have strengthened in recent years, providing a favourable context for greater emphasis on non-ethnic political action by trade unions. The latter have shifted in this direction, adopting elements of the popular movement's 'human rights' internationalism. Thus, the democratic movement's frame has influenced that of the trade unions, with implications for framing theory.


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I struggle for a long while with solving this problem, but can't seem to find a solution. I'm not really a mathematical genius.
On asks to calculate the quickest route from A to B (by foot).
There are 2 ways to get there:
1. From A to X at 5 km/h and then from X to B at 2 km/h -> this route takes 16 minutes 59 seconds
2. From A to Y at 5 km/h and then from Y to B at 2 km/h -> this route takes 19 minutes 25 seconds
The aim is to find out what the distance is
From A -> X and X -> B
From A -> Y and Y -> B
There are a few catches.
- The angle between A-> X and A-> Y is 95°, but I do not know whether this is important.
- The angles between A-> X and X-> B and also A-> Y and Y-> B are not necessarily 90 °
Thus Pythagoras is in my eyes not suitable for solving this problem.
How should I deal with this problem? Preferably as understandable as possible please.


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Effective January 1, 2022, the federal Budget 2021 announced the government's plans to implement a national, annual one-per-cent tax on the value of non-resident, non-Canadian owned residential real estate that's vacant or underused.
The government is finalizing draft legislation for the proposed underused housing tax (UHT). They're releasing a draft later this year and will include the final legislation in a bill introduced in Parliament sometime in 2022.
Who would pay the UHT?
If passed, the UHT will apply to an owner of residential property in Canada as of December 31 of the calendar year if:
- the owner is required to file an annual declaration for the calendar year; and
- the owner doesn't qualify for an exemption.
Calculating the tax
The UHT is calculated by multiplying the specified value of the property by the one-per-cent rate of the UHT.
An owner would be liable for the UHT in proportion to their "interest" in the property.
What's residential property under the UHT?
Residential property would include:
- detached homes, duplexes, and triplexes;
- semi-detached homes, row-house units, residential condominium units, and other similar premises that is, or is intended to be, a separate parcel or other division of real property owned, or intended to be owned, apart from any other unit in a building; and
- together with any common areas and other appurtenances and the subjacent and immediately contiguous land reasonably necessary for the use and enjoyment as a place of residence for individuals.
Who's an owner of residential property under the UHT?
If a residential property has a single owner, the owner pays the tax.
If a residential property has multiple owners:
- if property is held by owners as joint tenants, each owner will have an equal interest in the property; and
- if the property is held by owners as tenants-in-common:
-if each owner's interest is specified on any instrument evidencing ownership, each owner would be regarded as having that specified interest, and
-otherwise, each owner would be regarded as having an equal interest in the property.
Every owner of a residential property, other than an excluded owner, would be required to file an annual declaration with the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) for each residential property they own on or before April 30 of the following calendar year.
An owner's declaration for the 2022 calendar year would be required to be filed on or before April 30, 2023.
To file a declaration with the CRA, certain owners may need to pre-register with the CRA in advance of filing their declaration.
Excluded owners include, as of December 31 of the calendar year:
- an individual who is a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident of Canada, except where the individual holds an interest in property.
-as a partner of a partnership, or
-as a trustee of a trust, but not including a personal representative of a deceased individual or the estate of a deceased individual;
- a corporation incorporated under the laws of Canada or a province and the shares of which are listed on a Canadian stock exchange;
- a registered charity;
- a cooperative housing corporation;
- an Indigenous governing body or a corporation owned by an Indigenous governing body;
- a municipality or a corporation owned by a municipality;
- the government of Canada or an agent of the Government of Canada;
- the government of a province or an agent of the government of a province; and
- other public service bodies such as universities, public colleges, school authorities, and hospital authorities.
An owner of a residential property must report in their declaration:
- the calendar year to which the declaration relates;
- the civic address of the property and other property-related information;
- the legal name of the owner;
- contact information of the owner;
- the type of owner (individual other than as a partner of a partnership or trustee of a trust, corporation, partner of a partnership, trustee of a trust;
- the owner's interest in the property (as a percentage), and if the interest is less than 100 per cent:
- the form of ownership (i.e., joint tenants, tenants-in-common), and
- the names of any other owners of the property having an interest in the property of 10 per cent or more;
- the residential property type (detached, semi-detached, row-house, condominium unit, duplex, triplex;
- the value of the property and how it was determined; and
- any exemptions and information related to any exemptions.
There are exemptions for:
- an owner or a qualifying occupant who occupies the home in periods of at least one month that total at least six months of the year. A qualifying occupant includes the owner's spouse, child or parent;
- held by a partner of specified Canadian partnership;
- held by a trustee of specified Canadian trust;
- property not suitable for year-round use;
- property uninhabitable due to a disaster or hazardous conditions;
- property undergoing major renovations;
- for the year of acquisition of an interest in a property;
- for an owner with at least a 25 per cent interest in the property who dies, for the calendar year in which the death occurs;
- newly constructed property in the calendar year of construction; and
- new property held by a developer as inventory for sale.
Payment due date
Payment will be remitted to the CRA on or before April 30 of the following calendar year.
An owner of residential property required to file a declaration, who fails to file by April 30 of the following calendar year will face a penalty of:
- $5,000, if the owner is an individual; or
- $10,000 if the owner is not an individual.
Learn more about this federal tax.


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Adhesive Peel test may be performed with either 90 degree, 180 degree, T-Peel, or Floating Roller. The data analysis is basically the same. Peel test analysis requires the averaging of the load values over a defined range of peel length.
Principle Of Operation
Peel fixtures provide a condition of use to measure the bond strength between laminated surface coatings, films, packaging, and their rigid backings, as well as other bonded structures.
To initiate a test, the laminate is partially peeled from the backing medium. The medium is then inserted into the fixture and the free end of the sample is inserted into an appropriate upper grip.
The upper grip that is connected to the crosshead is then driven in the tensile direction and the laminate is peeled from the backing.
The force required to peel the laminate is monitored by the load weighing system, providing a direct measurement of bond strength.


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Azerbaijan launches COVID-19 vaccination
The first stage of COVID-19 vaccination kicked off in Azerbaijan.
The country has approved a vaccination strategy against the COVID-19 virus. The high-risk populations that will be vaccinated first are:
Social risk group:
- healthcare workers (doctors, middle and junior nursing staff, technical staff);
- law enforcement officers;
- military personnel;
- detainees, arrested persons, and prisoners;
- persons working in the educational and social sector, persons permanently residing in social institutions, employees of the ASAN Service and DOST centers, the public transport sector, telecommunications operators, providers, postal workers, employees of the banking sector, who are in direct contact with the population;
The group with a high risk of infection from a medical point of view:
- persons aged over 65
- patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system, chronic hemodialysis patients, patients with type 2 diabetes (aged 50 and older), obese people (≥18).
Currently, vaccination is carried out in the US, European countries, Turkey, and other leading countries of the world, including Azerbaijan.
Experts note that vaccination doesn't mean a complete victory over the coronavirus. It is necessary to continue to follow the requirements of the quarantine regime - social distance, wear a protective mask, and use other protective equipment.


How to solve "Four Sum" ZCO17 Problem
I am unable to solve
this problem
under given constraints. Can anyone can provide hints/ideas/or solutions on how to solve this?
Problem Statement:
In this problem you are given a sequence of N positive integers S1,S[2], … S[N].
In addition you are given an integer T, and your aim is to find the number of quadruples (i, j, k, l),
such that 1 <= i < j < k < l <= N, and S[i] + S[j] + S[k] + S[l] = T.
That is, the number of ways of picking four numbers from the sequence summing up to T.
1 <= N <= 5000
1 <= T <= _PHONE_
1 <= S[i] <= _PHONE_, for all i.
You can find all combinations(I hope you have knowledge of permutations and combinations) of the array having four elements.
If the sum of the array is T you can increment counter, which will give the answer after you have gone through all possible combinations.
A way to optimize this approach would be to sort the array before finding the combinations, by this we can stop making combinations for a particular case if the sum exceeds T.
Since, the constraints are not to big I think this program won't give TLE.
By the way are you giving ZCO?
I think you can use hashing(map/set/array) + O(n^2) loop to find all the combinations of sum
PS: I used hashing with array ( because it's fastest)
I will let you know after trying this approach…
only have few issues/concerns in my mind about this approach…
This should give TLE I think if I understood what you meant
6222 submissions on 1st one… 7 submissions in this one… can't be that simple XD
one more counter argument is ans can be 5000C4 at most… if you are doing ans++ for every sum=T then its definitely TLE…
See here. Find four elements with a given sum in O(n2log n)
1 Like
Has anyone been able to solve this? I wrote a brute force but even the brute force is giving wrong answers.
I was able to solve this problem for 60pts using the brute force algorithm that I had told about earlier, solution link:
exactly… this has to give TLE…
HERE is my accepted solution…
_TAG_ need hashing+n^2 loop to solve this…
I have commented few things in my solution… you can have a look
mine gives AC… have a look…
_TAG_ explanation :
1)Select one(ith) element (O(n))
2) find all pairs of sum for index < i (hash it… O(i^2))
3) check every number index>i (O(n-i))
that, if it is possible to get sum=t using all hashed_value+arr[i]+arr[index] (index>i)
if yes then ans+=hash[t-arr[i]-arr[index]] (frequency of hashed value)
All over complexity after optimization O(n^2)


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Diesel Engine Fire Pump Room Cooling and Ventilation - ZJBetter
Safety facilities Fire damper and fire detectors and other equipment
According to the degree of fire hazard of the diesel fire pump room, it is possible to determine the corresponding fire integrity level of the pumping station and the adjacent separation zone. When the ventilation duct passes through the bulkhead or deck, the duct shall meet the requirements of the safety rules for the integrity of the ducts through the ducts, and install the certified fire damper at the necessary location. Pump room daily ventilation system, in the mechanical air inlet and natural exhaust should be set fire damper, in the natural exhaust to install a gravity dam. Diesel fire pump working ventilation system inlet and outlet are set double pneumatic blinds, the inner layer is normally open fire shutters, after receiving the fire signal closed. The outer part is a normally closed pneumatic damper, which is opened when the pump start signal is received. In the double-sided pneumatic shutters on the outside need to set a fixed rain shutters, with anti-bird network. At the same time, combustible gas detectors should be installed in accordance vsnth the requirements of the ventilation and combustion air at the entrance to ensure that can detect combustible gases and steam, and to ensure that its work from the environment.
In order to ensure that the ventilation system of the pump house can run well, it is necessary to pay attention to the following when designing or installing: When arranging the intake and exhaust shutters, it is necessary to meet the main wind direction of the platform, which will help the air flow smoothly to ensure good ventilation. At the same time, should also pay attention to the end of the exhaust pipe diesel engine to stay away from the pump inlet and outlet, to avoid the smoke and air mixed. As the air volume, low wind speed, blinds generally larger size, should be considered effective in the installation support. If the double louvers are installed indoors, ensure that there is sufficient access to the surroundings of the unit to avoid obstruction of the blinds or to extend the passageway as the louvers extend into the room. Such as installed in the outdoors, should also consider the escape channel not to be blocked by the blinds. Blinds around the pneumatic actuator should be left enough maintenance space, while avoiding the wall insulation structure covered. This should be taken into account when designing or installing.


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I am trying to find a reference for the following fact. It is elementary and not hard to prove, but I haven't been able to find the question treated anywhere.
Let $A$ be an $l\times n$ matrix with integer entries, $l < n$. Let $K \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ denote the kernel of $A$, let $\Delta^{n-1}$ denote the standard simplex in $\mathbb{R}^n$, and let $P = K \cap \Delta^{n-1}$ denote the polytope given by intersecting the kernel of $A$ with the standard simplex. The problem: determine necessary and sufficient conditions for $P$ to be a simplex. For instance, one such condition (assuming $A$ has maximal rank) is that, by Gaussian elimination and permuting columns, $A$ can be expressed in the form $[D C]$ where $D$ is an $l\times l$ diagonal matrix with strictly negative diagonal entries and $C$ is a $l \times (n-l)$ matrix with non-negative entries.
I am sure there are plenty of other equivalent conditions, so any reference that deals with conditions under which the intersection of a simplex and a subspace is a simplex would be appreciated. Thanks.
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River Birch Tree is a stunning deciduous tree that is prominently seen in wet areas, such as stream and river banks. However, it can grow practically anywhere and has high resistance to heat. One of its cultivated variety was awarded by the Society of Municipal Arborists (SMA) as the Urban Tree of the Year in 2002. It has a grand canopy with an extraordinary peeling bark that outshines other trees in your landscape. It is also popular for being a low maintance tree and its adaptability to relatively all growing zones throughout the US. During its early years, its pinkand lightbrown-colored barks curl and strip away to emerge a light creamy tan to red brown bark underneath. This beautiful tree usually grows up to 70 feet high with a spread of 60 feet. A young River Birch looks like a pyramid because of its multitrunk characteristic and would later appear like an asymmetrical crown as it ages.
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by Dan Lentz
1. Write your name on a piece of paper vertically and then beside it write a current need you have that begins with each letter in your name. Here's an example:
D—Discipline to keep up with my reading and other responsibilities
A—Attitude of love toward my wife and children.
N—New car to replace my old clunker.
2. Take turns sharing your "name needs" with your group.
Read 1 Timothy 2:1-7.
3. When you think about "kings and those in authority" today, is your first thought to pray for them, or to question and criticize them? Why, or why not?
4. Do you pray for those in authority so you can "live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness"? If not, what prevents you from praying this prayer?
5. What does it mean that Jesus Christ mediates between you and God?
Read 1 Timothy 2:8-15.
6. In this section Paul gives instructions according to the Christian's gender. What do you gain from this personally?
7. For prayer time, go back to your "name needs" list. Pass your list to the person on your right and then go around the circle taking turns praying for the person whose paper you are holding.
8. Conclude your prayer time by thanking God that he is not a far-away God who cares little about our everyday affairs, but a God who loves to hear and answer our prayers.
T. Daniel Lentz works for Small Group Network in Whitestown, Indiana.


academy figure
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A careful painting or drawing (usually about half life-size) from the nude human figure made as an exercise, typically in an art school or academy. The figure is usually depicted in a heroic pose, and there is a tradition of suitable postures that goes back to the Carracci.
Subjects: Art.
Reference entries


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Tradition articles are downloadable from the Tradition Online website, which prohibits further distribution of the materials. On each download page there is the following warning:
It is strictly forbidden for both subscribers and article purchasers to share article downloads with others.
On what basis does the magazine (or the RCA, which publishes the magazine) retain such a right to prohibit any type of sharing? Surely even Copyright Law allows the purchaser of a published work to share it with others.
To clarify, my question is whether that statement is:
- reflective of law and therefore Halachah;
- effective of Halachah (like a sale 'Al Tenai, or a Neder, perhaps?); or