Krishna And Radha Love?
Did Radha and Krishna make love?
He was the Parama Purusha with only pure love in his heart.
This is a matter of great sorrow that some people think that Lord krishna and Radha were involved in love affairs.
krishna never entercoursed Radha.
They did not get sexual enjoyment.
Why did Krishna and Radha not marry?
Since there is the only element, they did not marry each other. According to some versions of the story, it is noted that Radha refused to marry Lord Krishna because she felt that she wouldn't be able to adjust in his household because of the fact that she was a cowgirl and people expected Kanha to marry a Princess.
Who is the husband of Radha?
What is the end of Radha Krishna love story?
Radha and Krishna love story is an exemplary for teens where he says marriage is materialistic. Furthermore, Radha was in love with Krishna so much that she believed Krishna was God and she used to love him as a devotee. She was lost in 'bhakti love' which people started mistaking as a physical love.
How did Radha died?
Radha abandoned her body while listening to the tunes of the flute. Lord Krishna could not bear Radha's death and broke his flute as a symbolic ending of love and threw it into the bush. Since then, Sri Krishna has not played the flute or any other instrument of life.
Did Radha and Rukmini meet?
No, they never met. Rukmini and other seven wives of Lord Krishna knew that, apart from them, there are two more females, who are very dear to their husband. All wives of Shri Krishna met Draupadi during rajyabhishek of King Yudhishtir. But they never met Radha.
Who married to Radha?
Radha gets married to Ayarn leaving Krishna shocked in RadhaKrishn.
At what age did Krishna left Radha?
BUT in answer to your question I think you meant the time he left vrindavan. That was when he was eleven years old. But some works say he left at 7. P.S Sorry for giving such a long answer but their love story is divine and we shouldn't really cloud it by telling that krishna left radha.
Why did Krishna marry 16000 wives?
Their number is mentioned as 16,000 or 16,108 in different scriptures. Krishna accepted them as his wives upon their insistence to save themselves from the society who saw them as slaves of the demon king Narakasura. The chief amongst them is sometimes called Rohini.
At what age Krishna died?
125 years and 7 months
Who is the real wife of Krishna?
Is Radha Rukmini same?
As Anupama Kurup mentions, some qualities are similar-but that is precisely because they come from the same source (but are not the same as Radha). Specifically, Rukmini devi is considered an incarnation of the gopi-Candravali and/or Lakshmidevi. Radha's name is mentioned in Bhagavatam many times, but indirectly.


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The Conflict Dynamics Profile (CDP), an assessment instrument measuring conflict behaviors, is an excellent resource to increase self-awareness and improve conflict management skills. The CDP is unlike any other assessment tool in that it focuses specifically on conflict behaviors, rather than styles. It helps individuals and teams understand how they respond to conflict, what triggers can escalate conflict, and how to manage conflict more effectively.
Two versions of the instrument—the CDP-Individual (CDP-I) and CDP-360— emphasize an action-oriented approach which leads to real improvement. A thorough Development Guide provides information and tips for coping with conflict and building strong interpersonal relationships.
As a "self-report," the (CDP-I) looks at how you view yourself. It provides a simple way of helping you understand more about how you respond to conflict both behaviorally and emotionally.
The CDP-360 enables you to compare your own perceptions about how you behave during conflict with those of your colleagues. It provides a complete "conflict profile" with feedback from bosses, peers, and direct reports. The CDP-360 is particularly helpful for leaders, managers, and high-potential employees for whom conflict can be particularly challenging.
In addition to feedback on 15 scales, both versions of the CDP have a unique "hot buttons" section which identifies the emotional triggers that negatively impact relationships.
- Quick and easy administration
- Inexpensive pricing
- Behavioral feedback which is easy to understand
- Information on emotional aspects of conflict
- Abbreviated Development Guide
- Group reports for intact teams
- In-depth view of conflict behaviors
- Detailed analysis of the 15 scales
- Perceptions of colleagues
- Comprehensive Development Guide
- Concrete suggestions for improving behavior patterns
- Group reports for intact teams
Using the CDP
Since the topic of conflict is so universal, there are numerous ways to use the CDP. From leadership development training with individuals and teams to coaching settings with high-potential managers, the CDP can identify both strengths as well as problem areas.
The CDP is an excellent tool to explore how conflict is being managed in an organization. The language of the instrument provides an excellent starting point for how to describe and measure a desired approach to workplace conflict. By learning these new components as part of an orientation session, new employees can adjust their personal behavior to match up with the cultural norms of the organization.
The CDP is particularly helpful in team settings. In addition to each individual report, a group report can be generated that outlines team behaviors and responses. This report often opens up the door for effective conversations about acceptable responses to conflict and hot button triggers. Members of the team learn how certain behaviors might inadvertently trigger irritation in their colleagues as well as how to avoid pushing these hot buttons.
When a client is sensitive to feedback from others or reluctant to use a multi-rater instrument, the CDP can still be used to focus on conflict patterns. The CDP helps the client consider his or her responses to conflict and provides comparisons to a large norm group. It can be a helpful first step in diagnosing areas of strength and developmental opportunities.
Constructive Behavioral Scales:
- Perspective Taking – Putting yourself in the other person's position and trying to understand that person's point of view.
- Creating Solutions – Brainstorming with the other person, asking questions, and trying to create solutions to the problem.
- Expressing Emotions – Talking honestly with the other person and expressing your thoughts and feelings.
- Reaching Out – Reaching out to the other person, making the first move, and trying to make amends.
- Reflective Thinking – Analyzing the situation, weighing the pros and cons, and thinking about the best response.
- Delay Responding – Waiting things out, letting matters settle down, or taking a "time out" when emotions are running high.
- Adapting – Staying flexible, and trying to make the best of the situation.
Destructive Behavioral Scales:
- Winning at All Costs – Arguing vigorously for your own position and trying to win at all costs.
- Displaying Anger – Expressing anger, raising your voice, and using harsh, angry words.
- Demeaning Others – Laughing at the other person, ridiculing the other's ideas, and using sarcasm.
- Retaliating – Obstructing the other person, retaliating against the other, and trying to get revenge.
- Avoiding – Avoiding or ignoring the other person, and acting distant and aloof.
- Yielding – Giving in to the other person in order to avoid further conflict.
- Hiding Emotions – Concealing your true emotions even though feeling upset.
- Self-Criticizing – Replaying the incident over in your mind, and criticizing yourself for not handling it better.
Hot Button Scales:
- Unreliable – Those who are unreliable, miss deadlines and cannot be counted on.
- Overly-Analytical – Those who are perfectionists, over-analyze things and focus too much on minor issues.
- Unappreciative – Those who fail to give credit to others or seldom praise good performance.
- Aloof – Those who isolate themselves, do not seek input from others or are hard to approach.
- Micro-Managing – Those who constantly monitor and check up on the work of others.
- Self-Centered – Those who are self-centered or believe they are always correct.
- Abrasive – Those who are arrogant, sarcastic and abrasive.
- Untrustworthy – Those who exploit others, take undeserved credit or cannot be trusted.
- Hostile – Those who lose their tempers, become angry, or yell at others.
The CDP-I report contains graphs measuring constructive behaviors, destructive behaviors, and hot buttons. It is accompanied by a 40-page Development Guide which gives suggestions for improving behaviors and cooling hot buttons.
The CDP-360 report is much more comprehensive. In addition to containing graphs measuring constructive behaviors, destructive behaviors, and hot buttons, it also has narrative comments from other raters, measures of the organizational importance of various conflict behaviors, and indications of how the individual is viewed during different stages of conflict. Accompanying the CDP-360 report is a 115-page Development Guide with suggestions for development, recommended resources, and guidelines for successful action planning.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Validate Field = Field1 from outbound message
How to build a Segment/Field rule validating that a message received field has the same value as a field from the previous sent message
In this example, we'll validate values for PID.3.1 in the received message is equal to PID.3.1 in the previous sent message.
 1. In the inbound HL7 task, select the Validation tab
 2. Select the Segment/Field Validation tab
 3. Add the rule: PID.3.1 is = _USER_("Scenario\Action\Send HL7 Message","PID.3.1″) where refers to the PID.3.1 value of the message defined in the previous task (Send HL7 Message)
You can download the rule file for use in Caristix Workgroup or Test software.
Download the rule file (Field = Field1 from outbound msg.cxf)
Learn more about how to import validation rules into an inbound HL7 task.


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the same SELECT on titles table, using dynamic SQL and it fails with the following error:
Server: Msg 229, Level 14, State 5, Line 1
SELECT permission denied on object 'titles', database 'pubs', owner 'dbo'.
To reproduce the above problem, use the following commands:
sp_defaultdb 'dSQLuser', 'pubs'
sp_adduser 'dSQLUser', 'dSQLUser'
CREATE PROC dSQLProc AS
SELECT * FROM titles WHERE title_id = 'BU1032' --This works
DECLARE _USER_ CHAR(100)
SET _USER_ = 'SELECT * FROM titles WHERE title_id = ''BU1032'''
EXEC (_USER_) --This fails
GRANT EXEC ON dSQLProc TO dSQLuser
Now login to the pubs database using the login dSQLuser and execute the procedure dSQLproc to see the problem.
41-) Consider the following drawbacks before using IDENTITY property for generating primary keys. IDENTITY is very much SQL Server specific, and you will have problems if you want to support different database backends for your application. IDENTITY columns have other inherent problems. IDENTITY columns run out of numbers one day or the other. Numbers can not be reused automatically, after deleting rows. Replication and IDENTITY columns do not always get along well. So, come up with an algorithm to generate a primary key, in the front-end or from within the inserting stored procedure. There could be issues with generating your own primary keys too, like concurrency while generating the key, running out of values. So, consider both the options and go with the one that suits you well.
42-) Minimize the usage of NULLs, as they often confuse the front-end applications, unless the applications are coded intelligently to eliminate NULLs or convert the NULLs into some other form. Any expression that deals with NULL results in a NULL output. ISNULL and COALESCE functions are helpful in dealing with NULL values. Here's an example that explains the problem:
Consider the following table, Customers which stores the names of the customers and the middle name can be NULL.
43-) Use Unicode datatypes like nchar, nvarchar, ntext, if your database is going to store not just plain English characters, but a variety of characters used all over the world. Use these datatypes, only when they are absolutely needed as they need twice as much space as non-unicode datatypes.
44-) Always use a column list in your INSERT statements. This helps in avoiding problems when the table structure changes (like adding a column). Here's an example which shows the problem.
Consider the following table:
CREATE TABLE EuropeanCountries(CountryID int PRIMARY KEY,CountryName varchar(25))
Here's an INSERT statement without a column list, that works perfectly:
INSERT INTO EuropeanCountries VALUES (1, 'Ireland')
Now, let's add a new column to this table:
ALTER TABLE EuropeanCountries ADD EuroSupport bit
Now run the above INSERT statement. You get the following error from SQL Server:
Server: Msg 213, Level 16, State 4, Line 1
Insert Error: Column name or number of supplied values does not match table definition.
This problem can be avoided by writing an INSERT statement with a column list as shown below:
INSERT INTO EuropeanCountries (CountryID, CountryName) VALUES (1, 'England')
45-) Perform all your referential integrity checks, data validations using constraints (foreign key and check constraints). These constraints are faster than triggers. So, use triggers only for auditing, custom tasks and validations that can not be performed using these constraints. These constraints save you time as well, as you don't have to write code for these validations and the RDBMS will do all the work for you.
46-) Always access tables in the same order in all your stored procedures/triggers consistently. This helps in avoiding deadlocks. Other things to keep in mind to avoid deadlocks are: Keep your transactions as short as possible. Touch as less data as possible during a transaction. Never, ever wait for user input in the middle of a transaction. Do not use higher level locking hints or restrictive isolation levels unless they are absolutely needed. Make your front-end applications deadlock-intelligent, that is, these applications should be able to resubmit the transaction in case the previous transaction fails with error 1205. In your applications, process all the results returned by SQL Server immediately, so that the locks on the processed rows are released, hence no blocking.
47-) Offload tasks like string manipulations, concatenations, row numbering, case conversions, type conversions etc. to the front-end applications, if these operations are going to consume more CPU cycles on the database server (It's okay to do simple string manipulations on the database end though). Also try to do basic validations in the front-end itself during data entry. This saves unnecessary network round trips.
48-) If back-end portability is your concern, stay away from bit manipulations with T-SQL, as this is very much RDBMS specific. Further, using bitmaps to represent different states of a particular entity conflicts with the normalization rules.
49-) Consider adding a _USER_ parameter to your stored procedures. This can be of bit data type. When a 1 is passed for this parameter, print all the intermediate results, variable contents using SELECT or PRINT statements and when 0 is passed do not print debug information. This helps in quick debugging of stored procedures, as you don't have to add and remove these PRINT/SELECT statements before and after troubleshooting problems.
50-) Do not call functions repeatedly within your stored procedures, triggers, functions and batches. For example, you might need the length of a string variable in many places of your procedure, but do not call the LEN function whenever it is needed, instead, call the LEN function once, and store the result in a variable, for later use.
51-) Make sure your stored procedures always return a value indicating the status. Standardize on the return values of stored procedures for success and failures. The RETURN statement is meant for returning the execution status only, but not data. If you need to return data, use OUTPUT parameters.
52-) If your stored procedure always returns a single row resultset, consider returning the resultset using OUTPUT parameters instead of a SELECT statement, as ADO handles output parameters faster than resultsets returned by SELECT statements.
53-) Always check the global variable @@ERROR immediately after executing a data manipulation statement (like INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE), so that you can rollback the transaction in case of an error (@@ERROR will be greater than 0 in case of an error). This is important, because, by default, SQL Server will not rollback all the previous changes within a transaction if a particular statement fails. This behavior can be changed by executing SET XACT_ABORT ON. The @@ROWCOUNT variable also plays an important role in determining how many rows were affected by a previous data manipulation (also, retrieval) statement, and based on that you could choose to commit or rollback a particular transaction.
54-) To make SQL Statements more readable, start each clause on a new line and indent when needed. Following is an example:
SELECT title_id, title FROM titles WHERE title LIKE 'Computing%' AND title LIKE 'Gardening%'
55-) Though we survived the Y2K, always store 4 digit years in dates (especially, when using char or int datatype columns), instead of 2 digit years to avoid any confusion and problems. This is not a problem with datetime columns, as the century is stored even if you specify a 2 digit year. But it is always a good practice to specify 4 digit years even with datetime datatype columns.
56-) In your queries and other SQL statements, always represent date in yyyy/mm/dd format. This format will always be interpreted correctly, no matter what the default date format on the SQL Server is. This also prevents the following error, while working with dates:
Server: Msg 242, Level 16, State 3, Line 2
The conversion of a char data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range datetime value.
57-) As is true with any other programming language, do not use GOTO or use it sparingly. Excessive usage of GOTO can lead to hard-to-read-and-understand code.
58-) Do not forget to enforce unique constraints on your alternate keys.
59-) Always be consistent with the usage of case in your code. On a case insensitive server, your code might work fine, but it will fail on a case sensitive SQL Server if your code is not consistent in case. For example, if you create a table in SQL Server or database that has a case-sensitive or binary sort order, all references to the table must use the same case that was specified in the CREATE TABLE statement. If you name the table as 'MyTable' in the CREATE TABLE statement and use'mytable' in the SELECT statement, you get an 'object not found' or 'invalid object name' error.
60-) Though T-SQL has no concept of constants (like the ones in C language), variables will serve the same purpose. Using variables instead of constant values within your SQL statements, improves readability and maintainability of your code. Consider the following example:
UPDATE dbo.Orders SET OrderStatus = 5 WHERE OrdDate < '2001/10/25'
The same update statement can be re-written in a more readable form as shown below:
DECLARE _USER_ int
SET _USER_ = 5
UPDATE dbo.Orders SET OrderStatus = _USER_ WHERE OrdDate < '2001/10/25'
61-) Do not use the column numbers in the ORDER BY clause as it impairs the readability of the SQL statement. Further, changing the order


What Is 750ml?
750ml is a value of liquid measurements that is mostly used in the packaging of wines and liquor. This system is mostly used in the United States and it is also referred to as a fifth. It is preferred for its estimation to the once-common one-fifth-gallon bottle.
1 Additional Answer
Ask.com Answer for: what is 750ml
750 milliliters equals 0.75 liters.
Convert to
Q&A Related to "What Is 750ml"
750 mL can be expressed in a variety of way. 750 mL is equivalent to 25 ounces. 25 ounces is equivalent to 4-1/8 cups. This is a little bit more than 2 pints.
Hint density=mass/volume
750 ml is equal to 2.53605 fl.oz.
750 mL is as big as a standard wine bottle. It is equivalent to 0.026485 cubic ft or 45.7678 cubic in!
Explore this Topic
750ml is equal to 0.75 litres. This means 1 litre is equivalent to 1000 ml. Ml is a unit of measurements of volumes in the metric system. This unit is written...
Chardonnay is a popular white wine. There are 70 calories in a 3.5 fluid ounce serving. A 750ml is 25 ounces so that would be 490 calories in one bottle of wine...


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Print version ISSN _PHONE_
Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa (RMIE), is a peer-reviewed academic journal published since 1996 by Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa, as the scientific association of Mexican educational researchers. Appears on a quarterly basis since 1999 and since July 2002 has an electronic version. Since 2001 it is included in the Índice de Revistas Mexicanas de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica of the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT). RMIE aims to contribute to the strengthening of educational research, for what pretends to be a national and Latin American forum of convergence for research on various disciplinary fields, educational levels and modalities; address both long-standing research issues as well as those emerging ones; point out the gaps in national and regional production and possible lines of work not sufficiently developed by researchers; discuss and argue different positions on theoretical and methodological issues in the field of education, and contribute to the dissemination and establishment of quality standards in the products of educational research.


Closing the tax loopholes: A Buffett rule for Australia
by Matt Grudnoff
The report examines merits of a "Buffet rule" for Australia. The rule is named after billionaire investor Warren Buffett, who commented that his secretary should not pay a higher average rate of tax than he does.
This paper is the first in a series of policy proposals that would not only reduce Australia's budget deficit, but do so in a fairer and more equitable way than the measures rejected by the Senate.
The idea of the Buffett Rule is to charge a minimum average rate of tax on very high income households based on their total income. This applies to their income before they go through the process of making tax deductions. This would mean that if very high income households are able to make large deductions to reduce their taxable income to low levels they would still pay a reasonable amount of tax based on their total income.
Full report


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Previous studies have shown the importance of paying attention to lay peoples' interpretations of risk of disease, in order to explain health-related behavior. However, risk interpretations interplay with social context in complex ways. The objective was to explore how asymptomatic patients with high cholesterol interpret risk of cardiovascular disease.
Fourteen patients with high cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular disease were interviewed, and patterns across patient accounts were identified and analysed from an ethnographic approach.
Information from the general practitioner about high cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular disease was reinterpreted in everyday social life. The risk associated with fatty foods was weighed against the pleasures of social and cultural events in which this type of food was common and cherished.
A positive mindset was applied as a strategy to lower the risk of having high cholesterol, but knowledge about risk was viewed as a cause of anxiety and self-absorption, and this anxiety made the body susceptible to disease, hampering the chances for healthy life.
Interpretations of high cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular disease are embedded in social relations and everyday life concerns. This should be addressed in general practice in preference-sensitive cases about risk-reducing medication.
Risk perception; Cardiovascular disease; High cholesterol; Qualitative research
Implementing shared decision making into routine practice is proving difficult, despite considerable interest from policy-makers, and is far more complex than merely making decision support interventions available to patients. Few have reported successful implementation beyond research studies. MAking Good Decisions In Collaboration (MAGIC) is a multi-faceted implementation program, commissioned by The Health Foundation (UK), to examine how best to put shared decision making into routine practice. In this paper, we investigate healthcare professionals' perspectives on implementing shared decision making during the MAGIC program, to examine the work required to implement shared decision making and to inform future efforts.
The MAGIC program approached implementation of shared decision making by initiating a range of interventions including: providing workshops; facilitating development of brief decision support tools (Option Grids); initiating a patient activation campaign ('Ask 3 Questions'); gathering feedback using Decision Quality Measures; providing clinical leads meetings, learning events, and feedback sessions; and obtaining executive board level support. At 9 and 15 months (May and November 2011), two rounds of semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals in three secondary care teams to explore views on the impact of these interventions. Interview data were coded by two reviewers using a framework derived from the Normalization Process Theory.
A total of 54 interviews were completed with 31 healthcare professionals. Partial implementation of shared decision making could be explained using the four components of the Normalization Process Theory: 'coherence,' 'cognitive participation,' 'collective action,' and 'reflexive monitoring.' Shared decision making was integrated into routine practice when clinical teams shared coherent views of role and purpose ('coherence'). Shared decision making was facilitated when teams engaged in developing and delivering interventions ('cognitive participation'), and when those interventions fit with existing skill sets and organizational priorities ('collective action') resulting in demonstrable improvements to practice ('reflexive monitoring'). The implementation process uncovered diverse and conflicting attitudes toward shared decision making; 'coherence' was often missing.
The study showed that implementation of shared decision making is more complex than the delivery of patient decision support interventions to patients, a portrayal that often goes unquestioned. Normalizing shared decision making requires intensive work to ensure teams have a shared understanding of the purpose of involving patients in decisions, and undergo the attitudinal shifts that many health professionals feel are required when comprehension goes beyond initial interpretations. Divergent views on the value of engaging patients in decisions remain a significant barrier to implementation.
Shared decision making; Implementation; Patient-centered care; Normalization Process Theory
Women diagnosed with early breast cancer (stage I or II) can be offered the choice between mastectomy or breast conservation surgery with radiotherapy due to equivalence in survival rates. A wide variation in the surgical management of breast cancer and a lack of theoretically guided research on this issue highlight the need for further research into the factors influencing women's choices. An extended Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) could provide a basis to understand and predict women's surgery choices. The aims of this study were to understand and predict the surgery intentions and choices of women newly diagnosed with early breast cancer, examining the predictive utility of an extended TPB.
Sixty-two women recruited from three UK breast clinics participated in the study; 48 women, newly diagnosed with early breast cancer, completed online questionnaires both before their surgery and after accessing an online decision support intervention (BresDex). Questionnaires assessed views about breast cancer and the available treatment options using items designed to measure constructs of an extended TPB (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and anticipated regret), and women's intentions to choose mastectomy or BCS. Objective data were collected on women's choice of surgery via the clinical breast teams. Multiple and logistic regression analyses examined predictors of surgery intentions and subsequent choice of surgery.
The extended TPB accounted for 69.9% of the variance in intentions (p <.001); attitudes and subjective norms were significant predictors. Including additional variables revealed anticipated regret to be a more important predictor than subjective norms. Surgery intentions significantly predicted surgery choices (p <.01).
These findings demonstrate the utility of an extended TPB in predicting and understanding women's surgery intentions and choices for early breast cancer. Understanding these factors should help to identify key components of interventions to support women while considering their surgery options.
Breast cancer; Mastectomy; Breast conserving surgery; Decision making; Theory of planned behaviour
Health reforms in many countries affect the scope and nature of primary care. General Practitioners (GPs) are expected to spend more time developing public health, preventive health care, coordination of care and teamwork. We aimed to explore which professional activities GPs consider to be meaningful and how they would like to prioritise tasks.
In a cross sectional online survey 3,270 GPs were invited to consider twenty different activities in general practice. They were asked to rate each of them on a Likert scale anchored from 1 (not meaningful) to 5 (very meaningful). They then selected three activities from the item list on which they would like to spend more time and three activities on which they would like to spend less time. We used multinomial logistic regression to explore associations between the GPs' preferences for time spent on preventive health care activities and age, gender and practice characteristics.
Approximately 40% (n=1,308) responded. The most meaningful activities were handling common symptoms and complaints (94% scored 4 or 5), chronic somatic diseases (93%), terminal care (80%), chronic psychiatric diseases (77%), risk conditions (76%) and on call emergency services (70%). In terms of priority the same items prevailed except that GPs would like to spend less time on emergency services. Items with low priority were health certificates, practice administration, meetings with local health authorities, medically unexplained symptoms, addiction medicine, follow up of people certified unfit for work, psychosocial problems, preventive health clinics for children and school health services. In multivariate regression models physician and practice characteristics explained no more than 10% of the variability in the GPs' preferences for time spent on preventive health care services.
The GPs found diagnosis and treatment of diseases most meaningful. Their priorities were partly at odds with those of the health authorities and policy makers.
Health priorities; Health care reforms; General practice
Unsystematic screening for prostate cancer (PCa) is common, causing a high number of false-positive results. Valid instruments for assessment of individual risk of PCa have been called for. A DNA-based genetic test has been tested retrospectively. The clinical use of this test needs further investigation. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact on the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests of introducing genetic PCa risk assessment in general practice. The secondary objectives are to evaluate PCa-related patient experiences, and to explore sociocultural aspects of genetic risk assessment in patients at high PCa risk.
Methods and analysis
The study is a cluster-randomised, controlled intervention study with practice as the unit of randomisation. We expect 140 practices to accept participation and include a total of 1244 patients in 4 months. Patients requesting a PSA test in the intervention group practices will be offered a genetic PCa risk assessment. Patients requesting a PSA test in the control group practices will be handled according to current guidelines. Data will be collected from registers, patient questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data will be analysed according to intention-to-treat principles. Baseline characteristics will be compared between groups. Longitudinal analyses will include time in risk, and multivariable analysis will be conducted to evaluate the influence of general practitioner and patient-specific variables on future PSA testing. Interview data will be transcribed verbatim and analysed from a social-constructivist perspective.
Ethics and dissemination
Consent will be obtained from patients who can withdraw from the study at any time. The study provides data to the ongoing conceptual and ethical discussions about genetic risk assessment and classification of low-risk and high-risk individuals. The intervention model might be applicable to other screening areas regarding risk of cancer with identified genetic components, for example, colon cancer. The study is registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT01739062).
Prostate disease < UROLOGY
Risk communication is an integral part of shared decision-making in health care. In the context of interventions for chronic diseases it represents a particular challenge for all health practitioners. By using two different quantitative formats to communicate risk level and effectiveness of a cholesterol-lowering drug, we posed the research question: how does the format of risk information influence patients' decisions concerning therapy, patients' satisfaction with the communication as well as confidence in the decision. We hypothesise


August & March See More Divorces But Why?
What do August and March have in common? In most parts of the United States, the two months don't even have similar climates, so your answer might understandably be "nothing much." But according to a study conducted at the University of Washington, March and August are the top two months of the year during which Americans file for divorce.
The study analyzed all of the divorce filings in Washington from November 2001 to December 2015; the state has pretty open divorce laws, which made it easy for the researchers to gather the data. What they found was a clear peak in both March and August and a dramatic drop as the year wound to an end, especially in November and December. (Be sure to check out The Atlantic's article about the findings here.) While the numbers are certainly intriguing, they mean very little to researchers until the "why" behind them is answered.
Here are the top two speculated reasons why August and March might see the most divorces:
 1. Failed family vacation: Have you ever been on a family vacation that turned everyone's mood sour by the time the third or fourth day rolled around? Don't feel bad if you have! Most people get a sense of cabin fever when on a summer vacation sooner or later. But for someone who was thinking about calling their marriage quits, the frustrations of a July vacation might be the final push towards filing for divorce in August.
 2. Snow delay: In the holiday season, families are supposed to be closer than ever. At least, this is the idea that children are given through storybooks and classrooms, and it is the expectation of older relatives. Two spouses who want to divorce might be more likely to grit their teeth and bear it a while longer if the holiday season is around the corner or upon them. Rather than "ruining Christmas" they wait a little longer, let the festivities die down, and eventually decide to file in March. This notion would also explain why December sees so few divorce filings.
While speculating about the results of the study is surely intriguing, it does not really answer important questions for people going through or about to go through a divorce. For the legal guidance you need, you can contact the Law Offices of Evan Samuelson. Let our Roseville divorce lawyer know what is going on during an initial consolation and we can tell you what you should do next.


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By default, Gmail uses a secure connection (SSL) to check your credentials (username and password), but after that it redirects to a http connection.
Gmail encodes with gzip all the sent/ received data to transfer it faster, but this can be easily unzipped if a network sniffer monitors the traffic.
The https protocol uses more resources on both ends to encrypt and decrypt the traffic, so that's why Google didn't make it the default option.
If you want to encrypt your connection to Gmail, there is a simple option: bookmark _URL_, and use it instead of gmail.com or install a Firefox extension called Customize Google. The extension also switches Google Calendar to a SSL connection.
This is an useful trick for many sites, including meebo.com or box.net.
Updated: replaced _URL_ with _URL_ to prevent a warning about the domain name in Firefox.
Create encrypted volumes
Do you trust your computer?
New features in Gmail
ROM CHECK FAIL
1 hour ago

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


can hamsters eat salmon
Can Hamsters Eat Salmon?
Salmon is a popular food.
Classified as an oily fish, salmon is considered to be healthy due to the fish's high protein, high omega-3 fatty acids, and high vitamin D[85] content.
According to reports in the journal Science, farmed salmon may contain high levels of dioxins. (source)
So can hamsters eat salmon?
Unfortunately they can't eat salmon. Fish is not good for them to eat, plus the fact that salmon contains small bones which are hard to decipher in amongst the flesh and can get lodged in their throats.
A food to avoid.


Bosnian pyramids
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The term Bosnian pyramids has been used for a cluster of natural geological formations sometimes known as flatironsColin Woodard, December 2009, "The Pyramid Man", Smithsonian 40:9 near the Bosnia and Herzegovina town of Visoko, northwest of Sarajevo. The hill named Visočica became the focus of international attention in October 2005 following a news-media campaign promoting the idea that they are human-made and the largest ancient pyramids on Earth.
Scientific investigations of the site show that the so-called pyramids are natural formations and that there are no signs of human building involved. Additionally, scientists have criticised the Bosnian authorities for supporting the pyramid claim saying, "This scheme is a cruel hoax on an unsuspecting public and has no place in the world of genuine science", Just a pseudoscience.
The Visočica hill, upon which the Old town of Visoki was once sited, is roughly pyramid-shaped. The idea that it constitutes an ancient artificial edifice was publicised by Bosnian author and metalworker Semir Osmanagić. His subsequent excavations at the site have uncovered what he claims to be a...
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How to Describe Vulnerability Information?
Today, I would like to introduce an activity at the Vulnerability Coordination Group of JPCERT/CC.
It is a method to describe a vulnerability using Vulnerability Description Ontology (VDO).
JPCERT/CC receives software vulnerability information from domestic and overseas reporters, then coordinates them in between the vendor/developer and the reporter. While there is a vulnerability reporting template, vulnerability itself is described in a free format. Reporter can describe about a vulnerability in a way they like. From a vulnerability coordinator's perspective, the following are a few obstacles that we are facing:
1. It is necessary to "understand" the technical aspects
For example, the description in CVE for the vulnerability CVE-2014-8606 is as follows:
Directory traversal vulnerability in the XCloner plugin 3.1.1 for WordPress and 3.5.1 for Joomla! allows remote administrators to read arbitrary files via a.. (dot dot) in the file parameter in a json_return action in the xcloner_show page to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php.
When reading this information, the following technical details can be extracted:
- (Affected) Products and Versions
- Xcloner plugin 3.1.1 (for WordPress)
- Xcloner plugin 3.5.1 (for Joomla!)
- Vulnerability type: Directory traversal
- Root cause: the parameter "file" is not validated
- Attacker: Remote authenticated attacker
- Impact: Arbitrary file read
There is no unique way to articulate the technical aspects of a vulnerability. A free format allows various reporters to describe a vulnerability using their own way. In some cases, there may be redundant information, or in other cases, not enough information.
2. When the vulnerability description is written in your non-native language, it can be extremely difficult to comprehend
A lot of vulnerability information is published in English, so organizations who do not have any English speaker may have a difficulty in comprehending a vulnerability due to the language barrier. In addition, various sources are now publishing vulnerability information, and lots of non-English vulnerability information are publicly available.
For example, CNNVD in China provides vulnerability information only in Chinese.
To overcome these issues, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in US has proposed the creation of Vulnerability Description Ontology (VDO).
- NISTIR 8138 (DRAFT) Vulnerability Description Ontology (VDO): a Framework for Characterizing Vulnerabilities
VDO provides basic building blocks to describe a vulnerability so that a vulnerability can be described without using a free format.
Below is an example of the vulnerability (CVE-2014-8606 from above) described using the VDO (taken from NIST IR 8138 - Appendix A)
Vulnerability: cve.mitre.org CVE-2014-8606 Provenance: _URL_ Scenario: 1 Type: cve.mitre.org CWE-22 Products: cpe.nist.gov cpe:2.3:a:xcloner:xcloner:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* cpe:2.3:a:xcloner:xcloner:3.5.1:*:*:*:*:joomla\!:*:* Attack Theater: Remote Remote Type: Internet Barriers: Privilege Required Privilege Level: Administrator Relating to Context: Application Context: Application Entity Roles: Primary Authorization Entity Roles: Vulnerable Impact Method: Trust Failure Trust Failure Type: Failure to Verify Content Logical Impact: Read(Direct) Scope: Limited Criticality: Low Context: HostOS Entity Roles: Secondary Authorization Impact Method: Code Execution Logical Impact: Read(Direct) Scope: Limited Criticality: High
While VDO is still in a draft phase. I believe that it has a huge potential to
- Provide a common language for understanding and exchanging information on vulnerabilities
- Provide a format to automatically manage vulnerability information
JPCERT/CC is currently attempting to see if describing vulnerabilities using VDO can make the vulnerability coordination operations more efficient.
The following shows how vulnerability information can be entered into the VDO format using an editor.
Currently, we have implemented a JSON Schema to enter the Noun Groups defined in NISTIR 8138 in a simple manner to test whether this can be used in a practical manner.
More details on this attempt to make vulnerability coordination more efficient through the VDO will be presented at the 30th Annual FIRST Conference.
- 30th Annual FIRST CONFERENCE
"Removing the Pain From the Repetitive Processing of Vulnerability Reports Using a Vulnerability Ontology", Masanobu Katagi (JPCERT/CC, JP), Takayuki Uchiyama (JPCERT/CC, JP), Masaki Kubo (NICT, JP)
If you are interested in VDO and its application, please contact us at vultures [at] jpcert.or.jp.
- Masanobu Katagi


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Definition of Cires
1. cire [n] - See also: cire
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Cires Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Cires
Literary usage of Cires
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Letters on South America: Comprising Travels on the Banks of the Paraná and (1843)
"... Martinez y cires—Don Agustin Saenz and his polacca— Smuggling—The way of endowing brides. THE population of Corrientes, in character and class,..."
2. The Policy Paradox in Africa: Strengthening Links Between Economic Research by Elias Ayuk, Mohamed Ali Marouani (2007)
"To date, about 120 rural economy PhD-holders have been trained through this program and cires gained international recognition in research and training...."
Other Resources Relating to: Cires


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Background: On the basis of the Framingham risk algorithm, overestimation of clinical events has been reported in some European populations. Electron-beam computed tomography-derived quantification of coronary artery calcification (CAC) allows for non-invasive assessment of coronary atherosclerosis in the general population and may thus add important in vivo information on the path from risk factor exposure to formation of clinical events. The current study was undertaken to compare the relationship between risk factors and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis between non-Hispanic white cohorts in Germany and US-America, the hypothesis being that subclinical coronary atherosclerosis might be less prevalent in Europe at the same level of classical risk factor exposure. Methods: The Heinz Nixdorf Recall (HNR) study, conducted in the German Ruhr area and the Epidemiology of Coronary Calcification (ECAC) study, conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota, both recruited large unselected cohorts, men and women aged 45-74 years, from the general population. All subjects with no history of coronary artery disease (CAD) or stroke were included (n = 3120 in HNR, n = 703 in ECAC). Coronary risk factors were assessed by personal and computer-assisted interviews and direct laboratory measurements. Cardiovascular medication use (antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and anti-diabetic) was noted. CAC scores were determined using the Agatston method in an identical fashion in both studies. Results: Adverse levels of risk factors were more prevalent, and the Framingham risk score was higher (10.6 ± 7.6 versus 9.3 ± 7.1, p < 0.001) in HNR than ECAC, respectively. There was no difference in body mass index (BMI). CAC scores were greater in HNR than in ECAC (mean values, 155.7 ± 423.0 versus 107.2 ± 280.0; median values, 11.9 versus 2.4; p < 0.001, respectively). When subjects were matched on CAD risk factors, presence and quantity of CAC were similar in the 2 cohorts. Risk factors significantly associated with CAC score in both studies included: age, male sex, current and former smoking, systolic blood pressure, and non-HDL-cholesterol. Inferences were similar after excluding subjects using lipidor blood pressure-lowering medications. Using the same risk factor variables for modelling, the predicted CAC scores were comparable in both cohorts. Conclusions: In the higher-risk German cohort, presence and quantity of CAC were greater than in the lower-risk US-American cohort. Risk factor associations with CAC were very similar in both unselected populations. We could not demonstrate a relative increase in subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in the US-American cohort. It appears possible to compare CAC as a measure of subclinical coronary artery disease in different populations on different continents, and accordingly, scanning guidelines might be translated across these populations.
|Original language||English (US)|
|State||Published - Nov 2007|
- Cardiovascular risk factors
- Coronary artery calcification
- Coronary artery disease
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine


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Alternative power sources are able to do more than just save the planet. Now, they can help save people, too.
Spectra Watermakers, Inc. of San Rafael, Calif. has introduced the new Solar Cube, a portable water treatment machine powered by solar and wind that can provide clean drinking water in disaster situations.
Powered by 24-volt batteries, which are charged by integrated photovoltaic panels and a wind-powered generator on the machine, the Solar Cube is portable and easily assembled on-site in less than an hour. By placing a pump, which is also attached to the machine, into a polluted or saltwater source, the Solar Cube captures the water and pumps it through a series of filters, including a reverse osmosis membrane in the final stage, which eliminates microscopic bacteria, viruses, salts and dangerous chemicals.
The Solar Cube can provide up to 3,500 gallons of clean drinking water a day, enough to sustain hundreds of families during a disaster. It can provide enough energy to power other vital emergency functions, such as refrigeration equipment, laptops and communications equipment. It can be used also to provide water and electricity to remote locations or for developers working in rural areas.
Spectra Watermakers manufactured the Solar Cube in cooperation with Trunz Metallchnik AG of Switzerland. EC


NSF – REU Mentors & Projects
Dr. Mike Cowley
Epigenetics, toxicology and liver lipid metabolism.
 How do epigenetic mechanisms in the liver regulate gene transcription and ultimately liver function? Little is known about the role of epigenetic mechanisms in liver function and lipid metabolism. Students in the Cowley group will use external triggers to perturb the epigenome of the liver and interrogate its relationship to the transcriptome.
Dr. Ben Reading
Metagenomics and caviar science.
Since caviar is a "living food" comprised of fish roe, salt, fungi and bacteria, the Reading group intends to characterize the microbial communities present by metagenomic analysis. The project is an exciting one that bridges food science, basic ecology, and fisheries science. Little is known about the colonization of microbial flora on fish eggs. The research goal is, in part, for students to discover the microbial communities that naturally live in raw and preserved sturgeon roes (caviars) and also, more generally, to understand the microbes that live on fishes. How are they transferred to the eggs once they are laid or harvested (i.e., do they live on the fish or elsewhere)?
Dr. Patricia Estes
Transcriptomics and the role of single-minded neurons in energy balance
A team of two students will join the Estes's group to understand how single-minded neurons in the fruit fly brain regulate energy balance and longevity in the fly. Preliminary results show that silencing single-minded neurons with tetanus toxin causes flies to increase food intake as larvae and become obese as adults. This results in a unique microbiome and these flies die ~10 days after reaching adulthood, whereas control flies live ~30-60 days. Students will identify transcriptional differences between wild-type flies and flies with silenced single-minded neurons throughout development. In addition, students will examine the effect of diet and genotype on the microbiome during the lifetime of the flies using metagenomics.
Dr. Robert Kelly
Transcriptomics, bio-based fuels and thermophile metabolic engineering.
Thermophilic microorganisms, which grow optimally at high temperatures–at or above 70°C– have been studied for decades because of their unique ability to thrive in extreme environments. The rise of new genetic engineering tools has greatly expanded the potential use of thermophiles for the production of bio-based fuels and chemicals. The BIT SURE student team will focus on metabolic engineering of two extreme thermophiles: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (Topt 75°C, pHopt 3.0) and Caldicellulosiruptor bescii (Topt 75°C, pHopt 6.5). Each student will manipulate a single thermophile, yet both students will assess and compare the impact of metabolic engineering using RNA sequencing technology.
Dr. Ross Whetten
Genomics and mitigation of climate change in forest ecosystems.
Conifers are keystone species in northern hemisphere forest ecosystems, and are affected to varying degrees by climate change. A better understanding of adaptive genetic variation will be critical to management of forest ecosystems in the face of climate change and shifting patterns of insect pest and disease pressure. Over the last decade, genome assemblies have become available for several species of conifers through enabling NGS methods. The challenge now is to explore these large, complex genomes to test for sequence variants associated with resilience to environmental stresses. Through an integrated research program utilizing sequencing technologies and analysis of the resulting datasets, students will help the Whetten lab work towards mitigating effects of climate change on forest ecosystems.
Dr. Marcé Lorenzen
The Lorenzen lab is part of Team Maize Hopper, a science-fictiony project aimed at turning an insect pest into an ally through genetic engineering. To gain insight into one of these pest species, Peregrinus maidis, we have performed high throughput sequencing to obtain both genomic and transcriptomic data. However, despite only cursory analysis, we've discovered a big mystery. While we know P. maidis has a relatively small genome, long-read sequence data from the PacBio Sequel machine generates ~10x less coverage than expected. Students opting to work on this project would be encouraged to help solve the mystery of where the extra DNA is coming from. Is it from an endosymbiotic bacterium, a virus, plant material the insects have fed upon or a combination of these? Students would also have the opportunity to assist with annotating transcriptomes, identifying differently-regulated genes, and writing a manuscript which we plan to submit in early fall. Since the lab's overall goal is to generate transgenic plant hoppers, students would also have the opportunity to assist with annotating transcriptomes, identifying differently-regulated genes, and writing a manuscript which we plan to submit in early fall.
Dr. Mike Hyman
Microbial biodegradation of toxic organic contaminants in polluted groundwater.
 These contaminants often occur at very low concentrations (micrograms per liter) that are too low to support bacterial growth. To bioremediate these pollutants, readily biodegradable gaseous hydrocarbons are often added to promote the growth of bacteria that then "fortuitously" biodegrade the contaminants. These stimulants can be either individual gases or gas mixtures and can be adapted to address different suites of ground water contaminants. We are interested in using NGS and modern proteomic methods to identify and quantify the microorganisms and specific enzymes that are stimulated by different gas treatments and to use this information to optimize in situ bioremediation processes.
Dr. Rob Dunn
Microbial ecology of fermented foods.
 Humans have used lactofermentation to preserve foods for thousands of years, and fermented foods have become increasingly popular for their flavor and health benefits. Yet little is known about the microorganisms that enrich and preserve fermented foods. Which microbes transform the foods we eat, and how do fermenting communities change over time? To answer these questions, students will sample sourdough starters grown from 6 different types of flour to characterize succession in microbial communities across a variety of substrates. Students will also get hands-on experience using cutting edge bioinformatics tools to analyze amplicon sequencing data collected from kimchi, chow chow, and kombucha. These experiments are part of a broader set of projects in the Dunn lab that seek to use ecological and evolutionary theory to find the values of species in everyday environments. Your involvement in this research will help to improve our understanding of the factors that affect the flavor, shelf life, and health benefits of fermented foods
Dr. Manuel Kleiner
Metagenomics and metaproteomics to study plant microbiomes.
Microbial communities associated with plant roots impact plant growth and health. These root-associated microbiomes could potentially be used to improve crop yields in agriculture, while at the same time decreasing pesticide and fertilizer use. To foster beneficial microbiomes in agricultural settings, we need to understand how the many microorganisms in these communities interact among each other and with the plant. The research goal is for students to use sequencing-based and proteomics based approaches to identify and quantify microbial community members in different plant growth stages and under differing environmental conditions to address questions such as: What effect does the plant have on microbe recruitment to the root? Which microbes confer beneficial effects under what environmental conditions? How can we increase persistence of beneficial microbes inoculated onto seeds prior to planting?


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29 June 2020
In this foreword to the edited collection Resource Discovery for the Twenty-First Century Library (2020), Lorcan Dempsey traces shifting trends in the library discovery environment contributing to the diversified scope of resource discovery.
21 April 2020
The post considers how the contract termination between the University of California and Elsevier has signaled a change for our scholarly communication models.
16 January 2020
Brian Lavoie, Lorcan Dempsey, Constance Malpas
Collective collections are the combined holdings of a group of libraries, analyzed and possibly managed as a unified resource. Constructing, understanding, and operationalizing collective collections is an increasingly important aspect of collection management for many libraries. This article presents some general insights about collective collections, drawn from a series of studies conducted by OCLC.


to issue an order.
(3) Does the child still have a "significant" connection with Wisconsin? Since Harry and their daughter still live in Wisconsin, it is presumed that they have a significant connection with Wisconsin through their residency. As such, Wisconsin is likely the proper jurisdiction to hear the modification.
(4) Where is the relevant evidence in the case available? Often, evidence is a crucial factor in determining the outcome. In the family law context, relevant evidence for a modification of placement may include testimony from the child's doctors, teachers, coaches, childcare providers, or other family members. Although this is not the most important factor in determining the correct jurisdiction, it is a consideration. In our hypothetical, Harry and Susan's daughter has never lived in any state other than Wisconsin. It is highly likely that relevant evidence will be more readily available in Wisconsin than in New York. These facts support the idea that Wisconsin is the appropriate jurisdiction.
(5) Has there been a waiver of jurisdiction by any courts? Sometimes, a court may determine that it no longer has jurisdiction to hear a matter. Often, this is because none of the parties live in that jurisdiction any longer, and thus their connection with the jurisdiction has been severed. In our hypothetical, the Wisconsin court has not yet waived its jurisdiction. As such, Wisconsin is the proper jurisdiction to hear Harry's modification.
Due to the facts of the hypothetical, it is likely that Wisconsin retains jurisdiction over the matter, and Harry's modification filed in Wisconsin will proceed in front of a Wisconsin court. Susan's modification filed in New York would then be denied for a lack of jurisdiction. Despite this result, it is possible that the New York court may still want to hold one or more hearings on Susan's modification while jurisdiction is being determined.
Cases where parents live in separate states are complicated for various reasons, and UCCJEA related issues are highly complex and fact specific. If you or a loved one are experiencing legal issues related to the UCCJEA, contact our experienced legal team here at Nelson, Krueger & Millenbach, LLC at _PHONE_ for a free consultation.
What Are The Benefits Of Divorce Mediation?
Going through divorce can be a complicated, stressful, and costly process. Some couples, however, choose to work with a third-party neutral to help resolve disputes, alleviate stress, and reduce the expense of court litigation. This process is called divorce mediation. Many couples who choose to resolve their divorce differences through divorce mediation find the process to be empowering. Divorce mediation is an alternative form of dispute resolution that allows divorcing spouses to retain a strong voice in the outcome of their divorce settlement by agreeing in advance to attempt to resolve all issues in their divorce outside of court and with the assistance of a neutral divorce mediator.
Potential issues that may be resolved through divorce mediation are not confined to a specific area. A qualified, certified neutral divorce mediator can guide couples toward resolving complex issues related to:
 - Property division, including real estate, retirement accounts, other assets, and debts
 - Child custody and placement
 - Child support
 - Spousal maintenance
 - All other divorce related topics
The mediator in a divorce acts as a third-party neutral who works to facilitate discussions to resolve disputes involving any aspect of the divorce. Moreover, an experienced family law practitioner who is a certified divorce mediator and serves as a neutral in the case who can provide the parties with knowledgeable education and guidance concerning all of the available options to resolve a particular issue. This educational prong of the mediation process can help the parties to explore personalized solutions that best serve their individual goals and needs, rather than focusing on an all or nothing fight in court. It is important to understand that the mediator does not act as judge, seeking to impose a final decision to resolve disputes, nor can the divorce mediator provide legal advice. The mediator is a neutral in the case who works to facilitate reasoned discussions between the parties to arrive at workable and mutually satisfying solutions to disputes.
As of 2018, under Wisconsin law, your divorce mediator may now draft all of the documents to memorialize the final mediated settlement and the pleadings necessary in your divorce case. In other words, from start to finish, a divorce mediator can assist you with facilitating your divorce through the court system. While the mediator does not represent either side, in preparing the legal paperwork, your divorce mediator can give you peace of mind that the documents are complete and follow Wisconsin law to reduce the potential for additional disputes down the road.
Avoiding litigation may reduce stress and higher costs of divorce
Mediation provides a range of important benefits that are not achieved through a long battle in court, such as:
 - More control over the outcome of the divorce
 - Reduced costs from the absence of litigation
 - Reduced stress through the elimination of litigation and contested hearings
 - A concurrent positive experience for the children of divorcing parents
Attorney Alison Krueger of Nelson, Krueger & Millenbach, LLC is a Certified Divorce Mediator. She can educate you and your spouse about the options to resolve your divorce disputes and the legal process to be divorced. Moreover, after you and your spouse have reached a settlement through mediation, Attorney Krueger can draft all of the documents to memorialize the final mediated settlement and the necessary legal documents to begin and end your divorce action through the court system. Properly prepared legal paperwork with the assistance of a certified divorce mediator can give you peace of mind that the documents are complete and follow Wisconsin law to reduce the potential for additional disputes down the road. Moreover, Attorney Krueger can help you and your spouse prepare for court where a judge will finalize your divorce. This education on the process can help you to move forward with knowledge of what to expect, alleviating the stress of the unknown.
Lawyer Reviews – Reader Beware!
"The first thing we do, let's kill all the lawyers!" Clearly, William Shakespeare was not in the midst of an ugly divorce or custody battle when he wrote those immortal words. Had Will actually needed a divorce or custody lawyer, instead of killing them, he would have done an internet search on family lawyers and carefully read all of the reviews before considering which lawyer was represent his rights in court.
Everyone hopes that they can share the opinions of William Shakespeare and never need the assistance and guidance of a family lawyer. What do you do however, when the unexpected happens and you are in need of someone who is going to fight for you and more importantly your children? The decision to hire a lawyer can be one of the most impactful decisions of your life. It is imperative that you find the best fit for you. A savvy consumer will research websites, consider experience and read reviews. When you read the reviews, however, you need to consider if you are reading an actual client review of an attorney or if you are reading a story of defeat, retaliation or just plain vengeance. Some clients will turn to the internet to share their opinions of the legal process and their respective attorneys. However, many times, reviews that are written, are written by opposing parties who left the process scorn and need to seek vengeance on the attorney that made the legal process so unpleasant.
When you read a negative review, consider the author. Is the author actually a client of the attorney? If, in reading the negative review, it is obvious that the author is the opposing party then consider why the opposing party took the time and energy to write a negative review of the other attorney. Sometimes the best compliment of an attorney doing his or her job comes from the other side leaving the courtroom upset.
If the negative review is written by a client, read and consider the other reviews. Does the negative review conform to what others are saying or is the negative a review a stand alone? There are times when a client wants a lawyer to take a position contrary her advice. When that happens, an ethical lawyer will withdraw from the case, likely leaving the client upset. Is the negative review written by a client who is upset that the attorney did not do what he wanted her to do? Or, perhaps the client is upset at the amount of fees which were charged. However, that could have been due to circumstances beyond the lawyer's control such as a difficult client or difficult opposing counsel. Some clients are upset at the situation itself but the lawyer is the handy target to blame.
Most people do not realize that ethical rule prohibit lawyers from responding in detail to a negative review. Always keep in mind the old adage, there are two sides to every story. There have been times when an attorney reads a negative review and literally screams at her computer screen, "that is not what happened at all!" The reader of that negative review will never know the "other side" because the ethical lawyer is prohibited from sharing any details that could even remotely violate the attorney client privilege. A savvy reader of lawyer reviews will consider the fact that there is an explanation (or even correction) to the negative review, that that explanation will never be known by the reader.
Make sure that you read all the reviews from all sources. A client may review an attorney on AVVO, but not on Google. Make sure that you research several review platforms (Google, Yahoo, AVVO, Yelp, Yellow Pages, etc.) to obtain a full picture of what clients are saying about your potential lawyer. While reviews are pivotally important, you must also consider experience. The more experienced the lawyer, the more likely he is to have a negative review or two. It is simply the law of averages. Do not let a negative review deter you from scheduling a consultation. If reading a negative review gives you pause, ask the lawyer


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Education 3301 and Education 3302: Teaching and Learning and Curriculum - Field Placement Guidelines and Information
Education 3301 and Education 3302: Teaching and Learning, and Curriculum - Field Placement Guidelines and Information
Teaching and Learning and Curriculum are taken in the fall semester of a Bowdoin student's junior or senior year. The two courses are taken concurrently and are team-taught by two professors. All students enrolled in Education 3301/3302 are Teaching minors, although not all will continue on to pursue certification through the Bowdoin Teacher Scholar program.
Teaching and Learning is a study of what takes place in classrooms: the methods and purposes of teachers, the response of students, and the organizational context. Curriculum is a study of the knowledge taught in schools: its selection and the rationale by which one course of study rather than another is included; its adaptation for different disciplines and for different categories of students; its cognitive and social purposes; the organization and integration of its various components.
The Field Placement:
The field placement component of the course involves a minimum of 36 hours in a secondary school classroom (grades 7-12) during the semester. This comes out to approximately 4 hours per week. Students are placed in these schools with the guidance of school administrators, department heads, and the Placement Coordinator at Bowdoin.
The Role of the Student in the Field Placement:
Students are expected to be active participants in their placement classroom. They assume the role of field researcher, taking notes about the classroom, school culture, teaching and learning behaviors, etc, as well of that of contributor to the overall success of the classroom environment. Merely sitting in the back taking notes is not acceptable. It is our expectation that students will participate with student-related activities as directed by the cooperating teacher for the entire time that they are in the classroom. In addition, they will be responsible for teaching three lessons in one class prior to the Thanksgiving break. Ideally, these would take place back-to-back-to-back, although scheduling can be challenging and flexibility is often necessary. At least one week prior to the lessons, students will submit a lesson plan to the Teaching and Learning professor and the cooperating teacher in order to receive feedback and additional guidance prior to teaching the lesson.
When our students arrive the first day, it is expected that they will check in with the front office and introduce themselves to the Principal or School Leader. They are expected to be on-time, dressed appropriately, and be fully ready to jump into classroom activities.
It is expected that our students will keep in close communication with the cooperating teacher, letting them know in advance when they plan to visit the classroom and for how long. If they are sick or need to cancel at the last minute, it is expected that they will call the school and email the cooperating teacher right away.
The Role of the Cooperating Teacher in the Field Placement:
As a 3301/3302 cooperating teacher, we see your role as that of mentor, and hope that communication between you and your student will be frequent, dynamic, and help both of you explore various aspects of teaching style and pedagogical approach. We ask that you spend at least 20 minutes each week meeting with your Bowdoin student to discuss why you may have taught a lesson the way you did, or how you decided how to manage a classroom situation, or the ways in which you assessed students on a recent topic, etc. We ask that you welcome the student into the classroom as an engaged participant, and incorporate them into your classroom routine as fully as possible. Please provide them with a syllabus, copies of texts, roll lists/seating charts, rubrics, school/classroom policies, etc. as soon as they begin their field placement. An orientation to the school and introductions to colleagues is also very helpful. Students may work with small groups, individuals, or help you present an aspect of a lesson you are teaching. You may include them in the additional responsibilities of teaching to the degree to which you feel comfortable – i.e. IEP meetings, department meetings, etc. While these students are "teachers-in-training," we ask that you do not leave them alone to be responsible for a classroom at any time, or to substitute teach for you.
Students in 3301/3302 are responsible for teaching three lessons in one of your classes prior to Thanksgiving break. Therefore, by early October, you will want to discuss with your student the material you expect to be covering in early November so they may begin their planning. Students are also expected to develop a four-week unit of instruction for the course. For those students who are not student teaching, this unit of instruction may include the three lessons they will actually teach. For those students who are student teaching, their unit of instruction will generally cover material that will be covered in early January when they first begin their practicum.
Bowdoin students are responsible for maintaining frequent communication with you regarding the times and dates of their visits. While each one is encouraged to also check school calendars, it is sometimes helpful to remind them when school will be closing early or be closed altogether for a professional development day or vacation.
You will be asked to complete two formal evaluations of the Bowdoin student – one at mid-semester and another at the end of the semester. Additionally, we ask that you provide direct feedback to your student, either written or verbal, immediately following each lesson they teach.
Cooperating teachers for Education 3301/3302 field placement will receive a $150.00 honorarium for their service to our students. If issues regarding appropriate behavior, tardiness, or anything else come up, please contact Sarah Chingos, Program Placement and Outreach Coordinator, at _EMAIL_ or _PHONE_.


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Corrosion is the natural tendency of metals to revert back to their ore form. Cast iron, for example, will form reddish-brown iron oxide (common rust) on engine surfaces (see photo). Likewise, other metals form oxides. The color of these various corrosion products can vary from white to black depending on the specific oxide that is formed.
A number of conditions in a cooling system will affect the degree and rate at which metal surfaces corrode. These include: coolant pH, the concentration of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in a coolant, metal surface deposits, metal stress, coolant temperature, acids formed in the combustion process of the fuel, and the corrosion inhibitors present.
All the metals in a cooling system will corrode under certain conditions. Some metals are more sensitive than others. Corrosion weakens metals, and the component will eventually fail. The metal most prone to corrosion in a cooling system environment is aluminum (see photo). Cast iron, solder, steel, copper, and brass will also corrode.
One major factor on the corrosion rate of the metals is the coolant's pH. Shifts in coolant pH will affect the metals that corrode and the rate of each metal's corrosion. The pH scale runs from 0 to 14. A coolant becomes more acidic closer to zero; and more alkaline toward 14. Coolant pH should always be maintained between 8.5 and 11. If a coolant's pH drops below 8.5, it will become aggressive to ferrous metals (cast iron and steel), aluminum, copper and brass. If it increases above 11, it will become aggressive to aluminum and solder in a cooling system. Maintaining optimum pH in a coolant is a critical function of a quality coolant additive (SCA). It is important to use coolant additive package containing a pH buffer to insure the optimum pH range of the coolant.
A good corrosion inhibitor should contain the following critical components for proper corrosion protection: pH buffer This will help maintain optimum coolant pH (8.5 to 11). Borate, for example, is one of the best pH buffers available. It helps hold a coolant's pH within the optimum range for providing corrosion protection for iron and steel components. Silicate: This is the best corrosion inhibitor for protecting aluminum metal surfaces. Nitrite Nitrite provides the best protection available for cavitation/corrosion (liner pitting). Tolytriazole (TT) and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) These inhibitors provide protection for soft metals (lead, copper, brass). Nitrate provides aluminum and ferrous metals protection (iron and steel).
Modern Coolant Chemistries
The Maintenance Council (TMC) of the American Trucking Association has greatly simplified the task of caring for cooling systems. In 1996 TMC published a coolant specification known as RP-329, and a companion for Propylene Glycol based coolants, RP-330. These were the first specifications that defined "fully formulated" coolant technology. The coolants manufactured to this specification must be proven to protect both automotive and heavy duty vehicles, without an initial charge of additive (SCA). The idea is simple, but the specification took years to develop. Another chemistry recently reintroduced into North America uses carboxylic acid inhibitor technology, more commonly known as organic acid. Its high cost and poor availability relegate it to certain specific markets, and it should not be mixed with other American coolants. For more information about organic acid coolants vs. conventional coolants, click here.
A modern coolant that meets TMC RP-329 or RP-330 will provide excellent corrosion protection for any engine cooling system. This is the simplest solution to corrosion problems.


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This item is available under a Creative Commons License for non-commercial use only
Explicit numerical methods for the solution of a system of differential equations may suffer from a time step size that approaches zero in order to satisfy stability conditions. When the differential equations are dominated by a skew-symmetric component, the problem is that the real eigenvalues are dominated by imaginary eigenvalues. We compare results for stable time step limits for the super-time-stepping method of Alexiades, Amiez, and Gremaud (super-time-stepping methods belong to the Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev class) and a new method modeled on a predictor-corrector scheme with multiplicative operator splitting. This new explicit method increases stability of the original super-time-stepping whenever the skew-symmetric term is nonzero, which occurs in particular convection-diffusion problems and more generally when the iteration matrix represents a nonlinear operator. The new method is stable for skew symmetric dominated systems where the regular super-time-stepping scheme fails. This method is second order in time (may be increased by Richardson extrapolation) and the spatial order is determined by the user's choice of discretization scheme. We present a comparison between the two super-time-stepping methods to show the speed up available for any non-symmetric system using the nearly symmetric Black-Scholes equation as an example.
Gurski, K. & O'Sullivan, S. (2010). An Explicit Super‐Time‐Stepping Scheme for Non‐Symmetric Parabolic Problems. ICNAAM 2010: International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1281, no. 1, pg. 761-764. doi:10.1063/_PHONE_


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The Six Value Medals - Edward de Bono
Edward de Bono believes we can greatly improve our traditional thinking habits. In The Six Values Medals different types of values are given broad names such as gold, silver, steel, glass, wood and brass, and are used to organise thinking. Questions such as: How large are the values?, How significant are the values? and What is a strong value? are presented for consideration and reflection.
Like de Bono's Six Thinking Hats this is an easy to read book with many powerful applications in the values education classroom or staffroom.
The Six Value Medals
by Edward de Bono
Vermillion Publishing, Random House UK Ltd


Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Co-prime Arrays: A Super Resolution Viewpoint
Zhao Tan , Yonina C. Eldar , and Arye Nehorai Z. Tan and A. Nehorai are with the Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Department, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130 USA. E-mail: {tanz,.Y. C. Eldar is with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Isreal. E-mail:.The work of Z. Tan and A. Nehorai was supported by the AFOSR Grant FA9550-11-1-0210, and ONR Grant N000141310050. The work of Y. C. Eldar was supported in part by the Israel Science Foundation under Grant no. 170/10, in part by the Ollendorf Foundation, and in part by a Magneton from the Israel Ministry of Industry and Trade.
We consider the problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using a newly proposed structure of non-uniform linear arrays, referred to as co-prime arrays, in this paper. By exploiting the second order statistical information of the received signals, co-prime arrays exhibit degrees of freedom with only sensors. A sparsity based recovery method is proposed to fully utilize these degrees of freedom. Unlike traditional sparse recovery methods, the proposed method is based on the developing theory of super resolution, which considers a continuous range of possible sources instead of discretizing this range into a discrete grid. With this approach, off-grid effects inherited in traditional sparse recovery can be neglected, thus improving the accuracy of DOA estimation. In this paper we show that in the noiseless case one can theoretically detect up to sources with only sensors. The noise statistics of co-prime arrays are also analyzed to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed optimization scheme. A source number detection method is presented based on the spectrum reconstructed from the sparse method. By extensive numerical examples, we show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of DOA estimation accuracy, degrees of freedom, and resolution ability compared with previous methods, such as MUSIC with spatial smoothing and the discrete sparse recovery method.
Direction of arrival estimation, co-prime arrays, super resolution, sparse recovery method, source number detection
I Introduction
In the last few decades, research on direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using array processing has focused primarily on uniform linear arrays (ULA) [1]. It is well known that by implementing a ULA with sensors, the number of sources that can be resolved by MUSIC-like algorithms is [2]. New geometries [3, 4] of non-uniform linear arrays have been recently proposed to increase the degrees of freedom of the array by studying the covariance matrix of the received signals among different sensors. By vectorizing the covariance matrix, the system model can be viewed as a virtual array with a wider aperture. In [3], a nested array structure was proposed to increase the degrees of freedom from to, with only sensors. However, some of the sensors in the nested array structure are closely located, which leads to mutual coupling among these sensors. To overcome this shortcoming, co-prime arrays were proposed in [4], and it was shown that by using sensors, this structure can achieve degrees of freedom. In this paper we will focus on co-prime arrays.
The increased degrees of freedom provided by the co-prime structure can be utilized to improve DOA estimation. Two main methodologies have been proposed. One is subspace methods, such as the MUSIC algorithm. In [5], a spatial smoothing technique was implemented prior to the application of MUSIC. The authors showed that an increased number of sources can be detected by the co-prime arrays. However, the application of spatial smoothing reduces of the obtained virtual array aperture [6]. The second methodology uses sparsity based recovery to overcome this disadvantages of subspace methods [6]-[9]. Traditional sparsity based recovery discretizes the range of interest into a grid. The assumption made by sparsity methods is that all sources are located exactly at the grid points. However, off-grid targets can lead to mismatches in the model and deteriorate the performance of sparse recovery significantly [10]. In [11, 12] the grid mismatches were estimated simultaneously with the original signal, and they showed that by considering grid mismatches one can achieve a better sparse recovery performance than the traditional sparse recovery methods. In [13], the joint sparsity between the original signal and the mismatch was exploited during the DOA estimation for co-prime arrays. Due to the first order approximation used in [13], the estimation performance is still limited by the higher order modeling mismatch.
To overcome this difficulty of traditional sparsity based methods, a recent developed mathematical theory of super resolution [14, 15] is utilized in this paper to perform DOA estimation with co-prime arrays. In [14] it was proved that the high frequency constant of a signal's spectrum can be perfectly recovered by sampling only the low end of its spectrum when the minimum distance among different spikes satisfies certain requirements. Robustness of this theory to noise is analyzed in [15]. One merit of this theory is that it considers all the possible locations within the interested range, and thus does not suffer from model mismatch. Here we extend the mathematical theory of super resolution to DOA estimation with co-prime arrays under Gaussian noise. The noise structure resulting from the usage of co-prime arrays consists of a term with a known structure and another term consisting of quadratic combinations of Gaussian noise. Therefore, we modify the reconstruction method to fit this particular noise structure and show the robustness of our approach by analyzing the noise statistics. We also demonstrate theoretically that with sensors in co-prime arrays, one can detect up to sources. Previous research [9] on identifiability using co-prime arrays was based on the idea of mutual coherence [16]. Although using mutual coherence can prove theoretically that by implementing co-prime arrays one can increase the number of sources being detected from to, this analysis based on coherence allows to go from to only for very small values of the number of sources.
Source number detection is another main application of array processing. Various methods have been proposed over the years based on the eigenvalues of the signal space, such as the Akaike information criterion [17], the second order statistic of eigenvalues (SORTE) [18], the predicted eigen-threshold approach [19], and an eigenvector-based method that exploits the property of the variance of the rotational submatrix [20]. The authors of [21] showed that among these methods, SORTE often leads to a better detection performance. We combine the SORTE method with spectrum reconstructed from DOA estimation to detect the number of sources. Through this source number detection, we referwhich reconstructed spikes are true detections and which are false alarms.
The paper is organized as follows. In Section II, we introduce the DOA estimation model and explain how co-prime arrays can increase the degrees of freedom of the estimation system. In Section III, we extend super resolution theory to the application of co-prime arrays, and analyze the robustness of this extension by studying the statistics of the noise pattern in the model. We propose a numerical method to perform DOA estimation for co-prime arrays in Section IV. We then extend this approach to detect the number of sources in Section V. Section VI presents extensive numerical simulations to show the advantages of our methods in terms of estimation accuracy, degrees of freedom, and resolution ability.
Throughout the paper, we use capital italic bold letters to represent matrices and operators, and lowercase italic bold letters to represent vectors. For a given matrix, denotes the conjugate transpose matrix, denotes the transpose, and represents the conjugate matrix without transpose. We use to denote the th element of. We use to denote the Kronecker product of two matrices. For a given operator, denotes the conjugate operator of. Given vector, we use and to denote its and norms; and are both used to represent the th element of. Given a function, are its norms.
Ii Direction of Arrival Estimation and Co-Prime Arrays
Consider a linear sensor with sensors which may be non-uniformly located. Assume that there are narrow band sources located at with signal powers. The steering vector for the th source located at is with -th element, in which is the location of the th sensor and is the wavelength. The data collected by all the sensors at time can be expressed as
for, in which is an i.i.d. white Gaussian noise,, and presents the source signal vector with distributed as. We assume that the sources are temporally uncorrelated.
The correlation matrix among the sources can then be expressed as
in which is a diagonal matrix with diagonal elements. After vectorizing the correlation matrix, we have
The signal of interest becomes, and, where denotes a vector with all zero elements, except for the th element, which equals to one.
Comparing equations (1) and (3), we see that behaves like a coherent source and becomes a deterministic noise term. The distinct rows in act as a larger virtual array with sensors located at, with. Traditional DOA estimation algorithms can be implemented to detect more sources when the structure of the sensor array is properly designed. Following this idea, nested arrays [3] and co-prime arrays [4] were introduced, and then shown to improve the degrees of freedom from to, and from to respectively. In the following demonstration, we focus only on co-prime arrays; the results follow naturally for nested arrays.
Geometry of Co-prime Arrays.
Fig. 1: Geometry of Co-prime Arrays.
Consider a co


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Using Paperpile in Getting Related Literature and Studies
This video shows the step-by-step procedure on how to use paperpile in getting related literature and studies in the internet. Paperpile is an add-on in Google docs.
Link: Click here
Using Paperpile in Googledocs
This article shows how to use Paperpile in google docs in getting different related literature/studies.
Download: USING PAPERPILE IN GOOGLE DOCS
Likert-Type Scale Response Anchors
This file shows the different examples of Likert scale.
Download: Click here


Sunday, November 27, 2016
Case of the Week 424
Saturday, November 26, 2016
Answer to Case 424
Answer: hemozoin pigment
Monday, November 21, 2016
Case of the Week 423
Sunday, November 20, 2016
Answer to Case 423
Answer: Echinococcus sp. protoscoleces
Sunday, November 13, 2016
Case of the Week 422
Saturday, November 12, 2016
Answer to Case 422
Answer: Taenia species, egg
Monday, November 7, 2016
Case of the Week 421
Sunday, November 6, 2016
Answer to Case 421
Answer: Diphyllobothrium species
There are several characteristic morphologic features shown in these nice images from Florida Fan. First, we have a long segment of a relatively large tapeworm, with proglottids that are wider than they are long. Immature proglottids of Taenia solium and T. saginata can also be wider than they are long, but the fact that we could get eggs from the proglottids means that they are mature. Therefore, we can exclude Taenia based on the shape of the proglottids. We can also exclude the other human tapeworms since none are this large.
Another feature that I find to be helpful for identifying Diphyllobothrium is that the uterine structures are clearly visible in the center of each proglottid - even without staining or microscopic examination:
Finally, the eggs that were found in the accompanying fluid leave no doubt as to the identification, having the classic shape and features of Diphyllobothrium, including an operculum and abopercular knob.
As Anon pointed out, species identification would require epidemiological information, and ultimately molecular testing. Therefore, we report this out as "Diphyllobothrium species" in my lab.


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Rouhipour, M and Bentley, PJ and Shayani, H (2010) Fast bio-inspired computation using a GPU-based systemic computer. PARALLEL COMPUT, 36 (10-11) 591 - 617. 10.1016/j.parco.2010.07.004.
Full text not available from this repository.
Biology is inherently parallel. Models of biological systems and bio-inspired algorithms also share this parallelism, although most are simulated on serial computers. Previous work created the systemic computer - a new model of computation designed to exploit many natural properties observed in biological systems, including parallelism. The approach has been proven through two existing implementations and many biological models and visualizations. However to date the systemic computer implementations have all been sequential simulations that do not exploit the true potential of the model. In this paper the first ever parallel implementation of systemic computation is introduced. The CPU Systemic Computation Architecture is the first implementation that enables parallel systemic computation by exploiting the multiple cores available in graphics processors. Comparisons with the serial implementation when running two programs at different scales show that as the number of systems increases, the parallel architecture is several hundred times faster than the existing implementations, making it feasible to investigate systemic models of more complex biological systems. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|Title:||Fast bio-inspired computation using a GPU-based systemic computer|
|Keywords:||Bio-inspired computation, Systemic computation, GPU, Parallel architectures, Genetic algorithm, GRAPHICS HARDWARE|
|UCL classification:||UCL > School of BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Computer Science|
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