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Children's involvement in science is increased when they have an opportunity to make decisions about science-based issues that have consequences for their lives.
It's bringing science into the 21st century using the Hub, isn't it?
This research focuses on students making evidence-based decisions based on their science knowledge and how some acted on this knowledge. The context was volcanoes, using resources sourced from the Science Learning Hub. The Hub videos help provide teacher and students with knowledge and skills.
Seven teachers from two primary schools taught a unit on volcanoes that also focused on the potential social risks. Data was collected through interviews. Unit plans and samples of student work were collected. Data analysis was guided by the research question: What types of science evidence do young children provide when discussing potential social risks of volcanoes?
The research demonstrated that there are different kinds of scientific evidence that children can understand and use to engage with the social aspects of a science-related issue.
Evidence that sets the issue in a place and time
Teachers asked the children to engage in the Volcano hunt and Identifying volcanic rocks activities. These activities enabled young children to establish and conclude that they were living in a volcanic area.
The use of observation evidence to make science-based judgements
With teacher guidance on how volcanologists locate, describe and categorise rocks using observational data, the children were able to present data and findings about their rock specimens that reflected how volcanologists work. The Geology in the field video clip reminded them of the scientific skills to be used and the Lost – a hot rock activity required that they present data in a scientific manner.
Using evidence to make decisions and take action
At a more sophisticated level, children can use their science understandings to make decisions and take action. In one instance, children used their knowledge about lava flow to identify the 5 km radius where evacuation would occur to make emergency plans for their school. Some children planned/made emergency kits for their home.
The children in this study developed their ability to use the language and ideas of science to discuss the potential risk and consequences of a volcanic eruption. Some used scientific data to explain and justify their decisions in planning a disaster kit for a volcanic episode. This research has demonstrated that, when children are made aware of the science and social dimensions of an issue, they can use scientific evidence in their decision-making and action.
Hodson, D. (2002). Some thoughts on scientific literacy: Motives, meanings and curriculum implication. Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 3 (1).
Sadler, T. (Ed.). (2011). Socio-scientific issues in the classroom. Dordrecht: Springer.


10 Ways Technology Has Changed the Investment Market
Technology has made significant changes in the stock market and the way investors trade. But most people don't realize just how much the stock market has changed and how much easier it is to invest today than it was even 20 years ago.
Today, stock traders have access to an endless amount of information and use trading tools to predict future stock outcomes, something most stock traders could never do before unless they had years of study and research under their belt. Unfortunately, most modern investors are too young to know the humble origins of working in financial markets. From the birth of the first stock to the trading algorithms we now use, the stock market has gone through many different advances, and it is all due to important investing technology.
10 Ways Technology Has Changed the Investment Market
Lately, the news mentions the rise of cryptocurrencies, short-term trading, AI analysis bots, but these are just the latest technology addition to investing. Here are some of the biggest technology trends that have impacted the stock market and the way we invest. Here we mention some of the biggest game-changers in the investment world and, yes, most of these changes have occurred within the last 20 years.
The Computer Terminals
Only recently could an investor do a quick search for stocks under 10 and get a reliable answer within less than a minute. For the most part, finding this information took days, weeks, and even months in the first half of the 20th century because it had to be done by hand.
Since coming into the market in the 1960s, terminals have changed. The first was large dedicated machines where analysts requested stock quotes and got a quote within a certain time. Today terminals are cloud-based, and information is uploaded within seconds to give real-time prices, trades, and news.
Electronic Stock Exchange
Trading has been characterized by buying and selling on trading floors by famous stock institutions. But in 1971, the NASDAQ introduced the first electronic stock market, which allowed investors to post bids digitally. This technology allows small investors to enter the market and make small trades through these electronic exchange systems.
Online Trading
Before online trading was available to all traders, an investor had to call a full-service financial advisor, make a purchase, and then pay about a 2% commission on the order. In the late 1980s, all major brokerages were working on an online platform where they could entice small investors by offering stock news and relevant prices.
The Integration of Smartphones
When cellular phones were invented in the 1970s, the speed with which trades could be conducted was greatly improved. Now the smartphones allow you to invest quickly from any location, even when away from the home or office.
Personal Finance Apps
Personal finance education and budgeting tools help people track their spending and their investments, giving them hands-on management of the growth of their funds. Most consumers can pay bills, manage their budget, and organize their assets through these applications.
Analysis Tools
Cloud technology paired with analysis tools has allowed financial institutions to scale the information they have and use analytics to monitor the market and ensure trades are legal while measuring the market sentiment and predicting the future growth of stocks.
Social Media
Social media allows investors to stay abreast of news, to inform investors of ideas and sentiments, and allows investors to track news of global consumer markets.
Algorithmic Trading
The rise of algorithmic trading is also an influencing factor as it uses AI to analyze the trading volume, volatility, growth potential, and other factors at an amazing speed. This gives investors to power to decide faster than they would with human operators.
Crowdfunding started in the late 90s, and no one gave it much thought. It was a way for creative individuals to find funding for their artistic projects. But business startups took to it and were able to offer investment opportunities and information to possible investors.
The Use of Robo Advisors
Robo advisors are financial planning technology that doesn't have any human interaction. These are programs that offer analysis of financial planning goals and stocks. There are more than 100 robo advisors with the management of assets of more than $200 billion.
Online Brokers
As more people spend more time on the internet, a new wave of stock brokerage marketing techniques has arisen. Even investors with just a few dollars to invest can create an account, pay no trade fees, and find investment strategies that work for them.
Each of these new technologies has contributed and led to the financial trade system we have today. Investors now can do everything from their laptop, tablet, or phone. This has created a new type of investor and has opened the market to many new investors.
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Metal Failure Types
How Laser Peening Fights Metal Fatigue Failures
Experiencing Metal Failure? Let's Talk
When material limitations undermine critical components, surface enhancements like laser peening provide enhanced protection against metal cracking and fatigue.
Metal failure results from a combination of mechanical and environmental factors
Applied stress, material flaws, and operating conditions all contribute to metal cracking and component degradation. It is the challenge of engineers to design robust components and efficient systems that meet operational demands for safety and performance.
 - Metal Cracking
 - Foreign Object Damage
 - Fatigue Failure
 - Corrosion
 - Fretting
 - Microstructural Porosity
 - Erosion
 - Cavitation
 - Hydrogen Embrittlement
 - Galling
 - Stress Corrosion Cracking
Fatigue Failure
Figure 1: Cracking
FOD is a term frequently used in the aircraft industry to describe damage occurring on components as a result of non-regular operating conditions. For instance, aircraft operating on a runway have the potential to ingest rocks and debris into the engine intake systems. Upon ingestion, the debris may damage the engine blades leading to dents, nicks, and partial fractures. These FOD induced defects can lead to poor performance, but more concerning, is unanticipated failure via fatigue cracking from stress concentrations. Processing via laser peening induces such deep residual stresses that FOD concerns can be reduced to negligible concern.
Certain alloys commonly in use, especially 5xxx series aluminum, can develop sensitization, making them more vulnerable to stress corrosion and cracking. High temperatures can promote an electrochemical reaction in which alloy particles – e.g. magnesium or iron – migrate to the boundaries between grains of aluminum or stainless steel. This promotes separation of individual grains of metal, causing intergranular corrosion and cracking. Exposure to saltwater can further promote corrosion of sensitized metals. Laser peening does not treat sensitization itself, but it can impart compressive residual stresses in order to mitigate the resulting corrosion and cracking, even after some metals have experienced sensitization.
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a failure that occurs when three factors interact: a tensile stress, a susceptible material, and a corrosive environment. Similar to fatigue, these cracks frequently initiate at the surface at stress levels significantly below material capabilities. Because laser peening induces compressive residual stress at the surface of a part, the potential for SCC is drastically reduced and even eliminated.
By inducing compressive residual stresses on the surface of metal components, the electrochemical potentials necessary for corrosion to occur are increased and current density decreases. By modifying the surface of components with laser peening, the risk of operating in a corrosive environment can be mitigated and even eliminated for many materials.
Metal fatigue failure is when the surface of a metal experiences cyclic loading and begins to crack or fracture, causing the part to weaken. Laser peening specializes in achieving beneficial compressive residual stresses at a depth that is unmatched by conventional metal surface treatments. This is important because fatigue strength improvements are directly related to the magnitude of depth where compressive residual stresses appear.
Erosion can occur on components due to a flowing media. This can be a result of wind, water, and compounds carried by these different media types. Hardening of the surface by laser peening helps to prevent material removal via erosion. This can be a significant cost savings for propellers, blades, and other components subjected to erosion concerns.
Damage occurring on components operating at high speeds in fluid is often a result of cavitation. The cavitation occurs as high pressures between the fluid and component and results in the formation and collapse of a small air cavity; basically, a bubble. Modifying the surface of the component with laser peening increases the material strength locally at the surface and can aid in the resistance of the material to damage from the bubble collapse.
Hydrogen embrittlement is a particularly concerning method of failure due to the random and unpredictable nature it presents. During certain processes and in certain environments, hydrogen atoms will migrate into a material structure. These hydrogen atoms can stay in the materials crystal structure or migrate to areas where they are able to combine and form. The hydrogen atoms, or molecules, can severely weaken the material leading to unexpected cracking and lower material strengths. Laser peened surfaces present a large compressive residual stress field that reduces the permeability of the component surface to hydrogen.
Although not often a failure mode in itself, galling can cause significant problems in machinery and lead to other failure mechanisms. Galling occurs when adhesive forces on two metal surfaces work to tear fragments of the mating surfaces apart. Galling is frequently seen on stainless steel and titanium alloys, but can also be found on other base alloy systems including nickel and aluminum. Laser peening the surface of mating components helps increase the material resistance to galling by cold working the surface and inducing compressive residual stresses.
As metal surfaces slide against one another they frequently generate abrasive compounds. With continued relative motion, these abrasive compounds score the surface and give rise to even more wear, called fretting. As the fretting continues it can lead to corrosion, further wear, or fatigue cracking from fretting damage. By cold working the surface of metal components with laser peening, the residual stresses reduce the fretting mechanism of wear.
Additive manufacturing (AM) creates metallic parts by laying down fused layers of powdered metal alloys and fusing them together with a laser or electron beam, as in powder bed fusion (PBF). But PBF, like other additive manufacturing processes, results in microstructural voids or bubbles in the metal. This porosity has the potential to create mechanical weaknesses in the AM part, and materials scientists have found laser peening can compensate for porosity with compressive residual stresses.
Learn How Laser Peening Inhibits Metal Failure
No matter what metal failure type your component is experiencing, laser peening can improve the life of your metal part through deep compressive residual stresses. Laser peening can even be applied to fielding parts to extend their operational service life. Laser peening around existing cracks inhibits further propagation, and can return the fatigue tolerance of damaged parts to "like-new" condition.
Let's talk about how laser peening can fight your metal failure.
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Gardening Articles: Care :: Soil, Water, & Fertilizer
Fertilize with Epsom Salts
by Charlie Nardozzi
Spray a solution of Epsom salts to quickly boost magnesium levels in leaves
After working with home gardeners for more than 10 years, I know that they love to use home remedies on their plants. From setting out beer traps for slugs to hanging bars of soap to repel deer, if the household product seems to work, gardeners try it. That's why I was intrigued by the often-mentioned idea of using Epsom salts as a fertilizer.
Gardeners apply it to tomatoes, peppers, and roses, hoping to produce more flowers, greener plants, and higher yields. You can use it to improve magnesium content if you know you have a soil that's deficient in that element, but home gardeners are most likely to apply Epsom salts to peppers, tomatoes, and roses.
I wanted to find out if it really works and learn the best ways to apply it for best growth, so last summer I asked some of our test gardeners (home gardeners who tested seeds and products for National Gardening) to test Epsom salts' effects on plant growth and vigor by applying it to pepper plants and roses. Then I talked to researchers about using the salts as fertilizer. Here's what I found out.
The History and Science of Epsom Salts
This natural mineral, discovered in the well water of Epsom, England, has been used for hundreds of years, not only to fertilize plants but to treat a range of human and animal ailments. Who hasn't soaked sore feet in it at least once?
Chemically, Epsom salts is hydrated magnesium sulfate (about 10 percent magnesium and 13 percent sulfur). Magnesium is critical for seed germination and the production of chlorophyll, fruit, and nuts. Magnesium helps strengthen cell walls and improves plants' uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
Sulfur, a key element in plant growth, is critical to production of vitamins, amino acids (therefore protein), and enzymes. It's also the compound that gives vegetables such as broccoli and onions their flavors. Sulfur is seldom deficient in garden soils in North America because acid rain and commonly used animal manures contain sulfur, as do chemical fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate.
The causes and effects of magnesium deficiencies vary. Vegetables such as beans, peas, lettuce, and spinach can grow and produce good yields in soils with low magnesium levels, but plants such as tomatoes, peppers, and roses need high levels of magnesium for optimal growth. However, plants may not show the effects of magnesium deficiency until it's severe. Some common deficiency symptoms are yellowing of the leaves between the veins, leaf curling, stunted growth, and lack of sweetness in the fruit.
Magnesium tends to be lacking in old, weathered soils with low pH, notably in the Southeast and Pacific Northwest. Soils with a pH above 7 and soils high in calcium and potassium also generally have low magnesium levels. Calcium and potassium compete with magnesium for uptake by plant roots, and magnesium often loses. Sometimes, a soil test will show adequate magnesium levels in soil, but a plant grown in that soil may still be deficient because of that competition.
Gardeners add magnesium when they apply dolomitic lime to raise the soil's pH. However, this product (46 percent calcium carbonate, 38 percent magnesium carbonate) breaks down slowly, and the calcium can interfere with magnesium uptake. For soils with a pH above 7, many gardeners use Sul-Po-Mag (22 percent sulfur, 22 percent potassium, 11 percent magnesium) to increase magnesium. Although dolomitic lime and Sul-Po-Mag are inexpensive ways to add magnesium, Epsom salts' advantage over them is its high solubility.
When diluted with water, and especially when applied as a foliar spray, Epsom salts can be taken up quickly by plants. Epsom salts' magnesium content, high solubility, and ease of application as a foliar spray are the main reasons for the positive results many gardeners see in their plants.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Microhole-pair hollow core fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer micromachining by a femtosecond laser
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
This study presents a sensitive and high-response microhole-pair (MP) hollow-core fiber (HCF) Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometer (MPHCFFPI) by microdrilling two holes symmetrically on the sidewall of the HCF via a femtosecond laser micromachining technique.
Real-time spectral response guided smart femtosecond laser bone drilling
Bone drilling is a common surgical procedure of knee arthroplasty, craniotomy, stapedotomy, dental treatment, and laminotomy. Although femtosecond laser processing provides a promising method for precision bone drilling, it is still challenging to achieve thermal accumulation suppression and damage protection for large-scale hole drilling.
Femtosecond laser surface irradiation of silicon in air: Pulse repetition rate influence on crater features and surface texture
The influence of the pulse repetition rate on laser irradiation of silicon, in air, with femtosecond laser pulses is experimentally investigated in the range 10 Hz – 200 kHz. The features of the produced crater and the laser-induced periodic surface structures generated on its surface are characterized by exploiting surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Date of this Version
This paper analyses customer satisfaction with services of the Sokoine National Agricultural Library (SNAL) using a mixed method approach. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using questionnaire and interviews, which were supplemented by document analysis. A total of 72 respondents were selected using simple random and purposive sampling procedures. Data were analysed descriptively and were presented in tables, pie charts and percentages. The expectancy-disconfirmation theory with Four-Level Zone of Tolerance (ZoT) developed by Oliver (1980) guided data analysis in this study.
Findings indicate that leaning materials and services provided by SNAL are relatively sufficient due to satisfaction level of majority of customers being over 50%. This shows that the library has relevant learning materials which mostly meet users' satisfaction. However, some respondents showed dissatisfaction with challenges they faced in accessing library resources due to: poor arrangement of books in shelves that made users to spend a lot of time in searching materials, lack of adequate security in the Library that made some users' properties in their bags temporarily kept in the library being stolen and lack of good customer care practices from some library staff.
The study recommends the factors prompting users' dissatisfaction be addressed so as to regain customers' satisfaction and loyalty to the library.


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Never doubt that a small, group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.
— Margaret Mead, 20th-century anthropologist and author
This session introduces the intangible gift of community. It lifts up the rural, 19th-century American tradition of barn-raising as a demonstration of what a community can achieve together, and the barn dance as an expression of celebration for a shared accomplishment. The activity of building a model for a community playground mimics the communal barn-raising. Consider doing the Faith in Action activity to make the children's playground plan a reality.
As you lead this session, help the children understand how they have given and received the gift of community every day they have been together in Wonderful Welcome.
Large cardboard boxes, empty rolls from gift wrap, empty coffee cans, pipe cleaners, and plastic food storage containers may be useful for children to construct a model of their dream community playground in Activity 4. As you gather items, keep in mind the number of children in the group, the type and size of the meeting space, and the amount of time you will have for building a model playground. If this is not the final session of Wonderful Welcome, you may choose to spend more time on Activity 4, Community Playground, and save the Welcome Celebration (Activity 5) for another meeting.
Plan ahead if you need a volunteer to lead Alternate Activity 2, Square Dance.
This session will:
- Introduce the intangible gift of community
- Offer participants opportunities to build something together for their whole community and celebrate their shared accomplishment
- Engage participants in the spiritual practices of opening and closing rituals.
- Learn about the rural American tradition of community barn-raising
- Learn about the modern practice of building community playgrounds
- Experience shared work for a common goal and shared celebration
- Understand that they have given and received the gift of community each time they have been part of Wonderful Welcome.


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At Rowntree Montessori Schools, students are given a "head start" in French Studies, as they begin to study in the Core French Program during their Junior Kindergarten year, and continue throughout the primary, junior, and intermediate grades.
- Program Extension: Familiarization with telling time, weather, and the calendar along with French stories and songs, allows the children to become accustomed to the vocabulary and culture of Canada's official second language. Thus, by the time RMS students reach the required beginning of Core French studies at the Grade 4 level, as set by the Ontario Ministry of Education, they are already well on their way to developing a practical working knowledge of the French language.
- Project Emphasis: In addition to traditional classes and teachings in French, RMS students have opportunities to express and expand their practical French knowledge through the preparation and presentation of projects. A visit to a Grade 5 French class, for example, might include a lesson on verb conjugations, but is just as likely to involve students presenting their French pizza and ingredients, or showing off their t-shirts emblazoned with French logos. Bulletin boards in the RMS hallways often display work that highlights French language and traditions, in order to maintain a significant profile for this important area of study.


Notch-1: Products
Notch proteins (so named for 'notches' in fly wings) are type I transmembrane glycoproteins involved in specifying cell fates and defining boundaries between different cell types during developmental processes.
The four mammalian Notch receptors appear to have distinct functions, since they do not compensate for one another in genetic studies. Mutations in Notch receptors also lead to specific developmental disorders. For example, Notch-3 is predominantly expressed in the developing central nervous system of mice. Mutations in Notch-3 in humans cause an autosomal dominant condition called CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy). This disorder is characterized by recurrent ischemic strokes at an early age without any underlying vascular risk and progressive dementia.
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Elliott Union 224
Warrensburg, MO 64093
- Promote the cooperation and understanding of faculty.
- Advocate for students' interests and referral to and cooperation with other agencies.
- Provide speech recognition software (Dragon Dictate) helpful to students with disabilities in manual dexterity, written language, and others.
- Write letters to professors advising them of reasonable accommodations and sharing instructional techniques to assist students with disabilities.
- Assist in obtaining copies of instructors' notes, overhead transparencies, or class notes from other students.
- Provide textbooks on tape or disk.
- Convert printed language to synthetic speech with Open Book located in OAS Office and Docker computer lab, and James C. Kirkpatrick Library.
- Tape record class lectures.
- Provide sign language interpreters and note takers for students with hearing impairments.
- Facilitate testing accommodations including extended time, a scribe, a reader, and quiet individual testing rooms.
- Maintain TTY/TDD device in OAS office and James C. Kirkpatrick Library; TTY/TDD for emergency use in Public Safety Dispatch office, 306 Broad, _PHONE_, 24 hours a day for emergency.
- Work with Missouri Vocational Rehabilitation (local office in Sedalia, _PHONE_) and Academic Enrichment in Humphreys 127 _PHONE_).
- Sponsor United Students for Equal Access (USEA) student group. USEA is an advocate for students with disabilities and organizes awareness activities. Contact USEA in the OAS office.
- UCM's campus is accessible: handicapped parking, curb cuts, entry ramps, elevators, power doors, restroom facilities, swimming pools, residence halls and apartments.
- Dept of Academic enrichment in Humphreys 127 includes a walk-in writing lab and learning lab, tutoring clinics, credit courses for improving reading, writing, math, and study skills.
- Welch-Schmidt Center for Communication Disorders in Martin 39 offers speech, language, and hearing services to students, faculty, staff, and the community.
- Counseling and Psychological Services in Humphreys 131 provides career counseling as well as emotional support for the transition into university life.
- University Health Services at Clark Street and College Ave., provides health care for UCM students. Call x4770 for an appointment. Western Missouri Health Center, 403 Burkarth Rd., Warrensburg, provides health care services.
- Amtrak provides accessible rail service connecting Warrensburg to Kansas City and St. Louis.
Additional Accessibility Links


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Since popularity of Linux operating system in industrial environment increase, needs for interoperability between Linux applications and industrial equipment come true. Actually most every Linux scada/HMI project reinvents the wheel for field communication, without interoperability.
Mainly, DPBC (DBus for process control) is a standard abstraction layer between SCADA and field equipment.
DBPC is based on D-Bus which is a message bus and activation system that is set to achieve deep penetration in Linux.
DBPC define a standard set of objects, interfaces and methods for use in process control. It will provide a common standard for industrial communication, especially between HMI, SCADA and field electronic equipement.
If you have ideas you want to suggest but don't want to edit this main document, please go to the brainstorming Page.
Trivial diagrammatic description of DBPC architecture.
- Process control and automation engineer
- Linux user and open source programmer
- HMI and SCADA open source project
- Industrial embedded systems programmer
- Industrial equipment manufacturer
- Industrial computer manufacturer
DBus : D-Bus is an inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism implemented as a software data bus which permits communication between applications. Unless it is not a process field bus as used in factory floor, its core functionality can easily be apprehended in the same way by control engineer. For more detail about DBus and IPC see related IPC specification.
DBPC : DBPC is a layer above DBUS. It define a standard set of objects, interfaces and methods for use in process control, automation and domotic applications, to facilitate interoperability. Primary goal is defining a common communication language for real time communication of plant data between control devices from different manufacturers and SCADA, HMI, process control and open source applications.
DBPC-server : DBPC servers are services which provide common tags access trough DBus. Generally a DBPC server grants real time data access to one or more remote programmable logic controller. Most of time is done by pooling. Typically DBus servers represent a field bus protocol. (For example : ModbusTCP DBPC server, Profibus DBPC server).
DBPC-client : DBPC client are compliant application which access to tags in one or more DBPC-server.
Tags : Each datum made available by a DBPC server is called a tag. Tags correspond (roughly) to physical values, factory state, command signals, etc. A tag's value may be read or written by a DBPC client.
Device : From a DBPC point of view, devices are equipment or objects which may be controlled or monitored through a DBPC server. While the primary target of DBPC are industrial applications, DBPC servers may also be implemented for other types of "industiral" devices : HVAC, heating control, domotic, real time data producers, metéo stations, telescopes, multimedia equipment, IR remote controls, DCF clocks, robotics, USB gadgets, RFID readers, etc.
PLC Programmable logical controller : Programmable logic controllers are digital computers used for automation of electromechanical processes. Unlike general-purpose computers, PLCs are designed for multiple input/output arrangements, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. Although the IEC 61131-3 define PLC programming languages, manufacturers typically implement their own programming tools and interfaces. Interoperability is not yet a priority for PLC manufacturers.
Field bus : Fieldbus is an industrial automation network system for real-time distributed control. It offers a protocol for interconnecting instruments actuators and sensors with a controller. The domain of field bus application is typically an industrial plant. Many competing fieldbus technologies exist, merging them with D-Bus is a brave goal followed by DBPC.
Part 1 This part introduce basis usage of D-Bus for process control.
Part 2 This part specify common D-Bus objects, interface and method for DBPC tags.
Part 3 This part specify common D-Bus objects, interface and method for DBPC devices.
Part 4 This part specify common D-Bus objects, interface and method for DBPC server.
Part 5 This part define a common configuration file format which are used by DBPC servers.
OPC-DA was designed to bridge Windows and process control hardware and software applications. Standard defines consistent method of accessing field data from plant floor devices. Actually, OPC-DA is probably the most common interoperability tool used in automation and process control world.
The need for interoperability are often equally applicable in Linux world. However, because OPC-DA is based on the OLE, COM, and DCOM technologies developed by Microsoft for the Microsoft Windows operating system family there are encumbrances preventing wholesale adaptation of these technologies to Linux systems. With this in mind, DBPC was created to present end users with a common cross-platform experience allowing DBPC and OPC-DA "feel" functionally similar.
Nevertheless, DBPC distinguish of OPC-DA in one sens that it target to exploit full advantage and benefit provided by Linux operating system and Open source software development. So we personally expect better performance and reliability.
Although DBPC is open source oriented, DBPC also still to encourage, manufacturer providing there own DBPC compliant software, not necessary open source, in the same way than OPC.
OPC-UA is an evolution of OPC-DA. It has been created to extend some features lacking with OPC-DA.
OPC-UA is more like a communication protocol. DBPC is still an Inter-Process Communication.
- In one hand, OPC-UA will be suitable for automation network and inter-systems interoperability, because it is XML based and include authentication support.
- In the other hand DBPC is rooted in Linux thanks to D-bus which allow deep system integration and eases application development. D-Bus offers low-latency and low-overhead and designed to be small and efficient to minimize round-trips. So very suitable for embedded systems as well as fanless touchscreen HMI. In addition, because the protocol is binary (as opposed to textual), it may remove some serialization overhead. OPC-UA may benefit of DBPC and reciprocally. As a reslut of OPC-UA can be implemented as a upper layer (wrapper) above DBPC, similar to upcoming XMP-RPC, SOAP, CGI and so on.
A first approach may be reading D-Bus FAQ, 9 to 18 which compare D-Bus with several IPC.
When choosing an IPC for process control in Linux, some criteria were decisive :
- Availability : D-Bus has strong integration with the Gnome and KDE desktop environments.
- Portability : D-Bus is portable to many Linux or UNIX flavors -- a port to Windows is in progress.
- Liability : The D-Bus low-level API reference implementation and protocol have been heavily tested in "real world" systems.
- Multi-language support : D-Bus is supported by many programming languages including : C, C++, Java, Python, Perl, etc.
- Scripting : D-Bus may be used from terminal (dbus-send) allowing command line/shell scripting.
- Efficiency : D-Bus may be effectively implemented in low performance hardware and embedded systems.
- Openness : A a side effect, instead of DBPC, HMI applications might benefit by supporting D-Bus connectivity.


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This trail, called "Shvil Emek HaMayaanot" in Hebrew, winds through the Jordan Valley and surrounding areas. One end is in Beit She'an, the other on Mt. Gilboa near Kibbutz Merav. The route forms a rough loop which passes above the Jordan Valley and through Nahal Issachar and Nahal Tavor, then heads down to the valley and follows the river for some time.
It runs through numerous nature reserves and past plenty of springs, but the majority of it is through cultivated land which isn't particularly amenable to hiking. It's intended, instead, to connect interesting sites for short walks, and some of its sections, such as walking along the Jordan River Nature Reserve, or descending Mt. Gilboa to the hot springs of Gan HaShlosha, make for very good day hikes.
- 120 km
- 6-8 days to through-hike (though it's not intended for this)
- Most of its parts are not too far from towns, bus stops and highways
- Well-marked using the same system as the Jesus Trail – orange and white blazes, or orange dots above previously-existing trail blazes, and shown as a solid orange line on SPNI map #3


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This article is divided into 3 parts:
A "dit name" is an alias given to a family name. Compared to other alias or a.k.a. that are given to one specific person, the dit names will be given to many persons. It seems the usage exists almost only in France, New France and in Scotland where we find clans or septs.
I have a photocopy of a 1471 land record rented by my ancestor Barthelemy Hugon dit Jarret which is called Bartelemeo Hugonis alias Jarreti in this record and some others. There is another Jarret in the area at this time with another dit name, so we can say the dit name was given, in that case, to distinguish the 2 different families. Barthelemy was living in Dauphine, like many soldiers of Carignan Regiment who came here in _PHONE_. While they were not the only ones nor the first to use dit names in New France, it seems those soldiers are responsible for the great extent the dit names reached in Quebec compared to France, Acadia or Louisiana. This would explain, for example, why there is a concentration of families with dit names around Lac St-Pierre where seigneuries belonged often to retired officers from Carignan regiment (Vercheres, Sorel, Contrecoeur, etc. to name a few).
Among some reasons of dit names, we find:
A generic person's name is built like this:
Joseph Jarret dit Beauregard
Joseph is the first name
Jarret is, in this case, the patronym or ancestral family name
Beauregard is, in this case, the dit name
After some generations, it is no more obvious what is the specific patronym or dit name, so we will find Beauregard dit Jarret. Moreover, it is also possible both family and dit names are switched the first time someone used a dit name.
In the records, dit names are actual alias, that is, they can be legally used to replace the original patronym. Because of this, one will find the same person known as:
Joseph Jarret dit Beauregard
Joseph Beauregard dit Jarret
What this means? If you are looking for the marriage of a Joseph Beauregard married with Jeanne Joachim, you may find it as Joseph Jarret married with Jeanne Laverdure (a dit name for Joachim).
Dit names are not the only method of combining or changing family names.
There are also errors like switching first name and family name in one record (for example, I have a Richard VINCENT who is actually Vincent RICHARD), changing a first name to a family name (there is a Claude VINCENT who is Claude-Vincent MENNESON). The only difference with dit names in this case is that the combination happened only one time. There are spelling variations so that a Bourgault would be name Beauregard in a record. There is also a modern concept in Quebec that consists in giving both the names of the father and the mother.
I proposed to use the following convention to distinguish usage:
= for specific dit names (Beauregard=Jarret)
/ for spelling variation (Jarest/Charest)
- for other kinds of name combinations (modern combining of names)
I would suggest this when using standardized names (i.e. not names as found in the record, but names that a searcher would look for) in databases when you are building them in view of exchanging them. You should also write the actual name as found in the record and good genealogy softwares should allow for both names (standard name for search and actual name for printing of charts). If your software supports one name, I suggest to write the standardized name and to put the name read in the record in a note; if it supports many names, the first name would the standardized name and the next would be alternatives. How to find what shall be the standardized name? Micheline Lécuyer, who worked with René Jetté to produce a list of dit names ("Répertoire des Noms de Famille du Québec" des Origines à 1825) suggests, when the name is not the Jetté's dictionary, to use a phone book (usually Montréal or Québec City) and to select the more common form.
Last update: Dec. 19th, 1995


by Almira Udjan
Time runs really fast.
Youth Exchange and Study students from Batch 2017-2018 came home after a life-changing experience in the United States. They all gathered in their Re-entry Orientation after 10 months. Everybody was very eager to see their friends and family. Most of them were sad from leaving the people that became close to their hearts.
That is why AFS really made sure that during our Re-entry Orientation, volunteers and alumni would enjoy all the activities and sessions.
They oriented the students about the scenarios that are often encountered by previous students – reverse homesickness was one of them. They also shared alumni opportunities for the students which is a big help for the students for future projects in their home community. In fact, the facilitators of the orientation made it more fun by doing games with the students. Everybody had a smile on their faces and enjoyed the rest of the day. Meanwhile, students gave messages to the people that has been part of their exchange year.
The re-entry ended by saying heartfelt goodbyes. The student bid farewells to everybody specially their fellow exchanges students as they separate ways.
This is definitely a new chapter of their life and the re-entry orientation made the students cope up with challenges that they will face in the near future.


text:
Bradley would buy a total of three acres and 13 poles on two lots. Lot 59 consisted of two acres and 62 had one acre and 13 poles.
That same day he sold one acre and one and a half poles of lot number 59 to Wyatt Mitchell for $220. Wyatt Mitchell then sold his interest to William Owen(s), an attorney in Russellville.
By 1826 William Owen(s) had sold the lot to George W. Cutton and a year later George Cutton traded the lot to John and Caldwell Breathitt.
The trade was for a claim on James Edgars in the state of Missouri of $180. The Breathitt brothers would keep the land for a couple of years and rent it out.
John Breathitt, the eldest of the Breathitt siblings, was the eleventh governor of Kentucky and also the first democrat to hold the office. He was born near New London, Henry County and Virginia on September 9, 1786.
His mother and father, William and Elizabeth (Whitsitt) Breathitt had four boys as well as four more girls. His brother George was a private secretary to President Andrew Jackson.
James, another brother, became Commonwealth Attorney for the state of Kentucky. Edward was a prominent doctor in Franklin, Tennessee and Caldwell was one of the leading merchants in Russellville.
John Breathitt came to Logan County with his family when he was fourteen years old in 1800. He received his early education in Virginia and continued on with it upon arriving to Kentucky. When he was a young man he was appointed deputy surveyor in the Illinois territory. He then returned to Kentucky to teach in a county school.
In 1811 he was elected to the first of several terms in the Kentucky House of Representatives. During this time he and his brother Caldwell invested their money in land purchases. They shortly amassed enough wealth to sustain them for a few years.
John used this opportunity to study law with Judge Caleb Wallace. In 1828 he was the democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor. Although his running mate William T. Berry lost the office for governor to Thomas Metcalf, Breathitt defeated his opponent for Lieutenant Governor.
In 1832, Breathitt ran for governor and won. he served until his death on February 21, 1834 caused by tuberculosis. before his death, he and his brother sold lot #59 to Lee Wayne Hendricks.
Lee Wayne Hendricks was the son of Moses Hendricks and Nellie Oversby. He was named after two Revolutionary War Generals; General Mad Anthony Wayne and Jenny "Light-Horse Lee".
His father was born in Richmond, Virginia and enlisted in George Washington's army when the Revolutionary War started. He fought until the war ended, and upon hearing of the fine land in the west, gathered his wife, kids and servants and left Virginia.
The trip through the mountains was very dangerous because of robbers and murderers. Despite the harsh realities of the trip, Moses armed himself with his rifle and continued on.
During the trip Moses spotted a well dressed stranger coming up the road behind them. He told the man to stop of he would be killed, but after a brief conversation found the man had already fell victim to robbers and meant no harm to him and his family. They decided it would be best to travel along together for mutual protection and strength in numbers.
Antony Butler was the name of the new companion and he had a long train of wagons and slaves in his possession. They traveled together as far as Nashville, Tennessee where they split up with the Hendricks family going to Franklin, Tennessee. Mr. Butler continued on to Russellville.
Around 1807 Colonel Butler wrote Mr. Hendricks and told him to come to Logan County. He moved to Logan County a few years later living on the Clarksville Road.
In 1817 he moved to Russellville and purchased a lot in the Hubert Sanders Addition. One of his daughters, Susan, married a John Batts, while another, Martha married a William G. Mason after the death of her first husband James Finney from Virginia. Martha and William would late buy part of Lot #59 in Sanders Addition.
In the mean time, their brother Lee Wayne Hendricks became a Methodist preacher, painter and not to mention a highly respected resident of Russellville. He would buy lot #59 on November 21, 1829 from John Caldwell Breathitt. John was Lieutenant Governor when they sold the land to them. The deed states that the Hendricks were to pay $150, $50 in common paper each December 25 from 1829 to 1831. This being the same land purchased from Cutton, which he purchased from Owen(s), and being the same lot #59 on which Hendricks now lives.
This shows that there was a building on the land when Breathitt sold it to Hendricks but we don't know if the cabin is the same building.
Lee Hendricks owned the land for about 40 years and it was sold in the 1870s to Sam Felts. Felts would end up selling the land back to him about a year laster. Hendricks died about 1879 in Logan County. The land was purchased at a commissioners sale by Thomas A. Frazier, a lawyer and land speculator.
On 1880 Annie Hendricks, one of Lee's daughters, purchased the land. She owned the land until she moved to Missouri in 1884 then sold it to A.C. and Mary Valandingham of Franklin, Simpson County. They received the title on July 18, 1884 and owned it until they sold it to C. Winn and his wife Emma Courts of February 4, 1886.
The courts owned the land for about 18 months and sold it on September 1, 1887 to George and Elizabeth "Lizzie" Meyers Goiter. They were the first African-American owners of the land. Their family would own the land for 113 years.
George Goiter and Amelia Meyers were married in Logan County on August 7, 1867. George was born about 1838 and Lizzie in 1852 and both were believed to be slaves in Logan County.
George was said to have fought with the United States Colored Infantry during the Civil War. When he returned to Logan County he and Lizzie started a family. They had nine children from _PHONE_; Leucippus, born in 1868, Rhonda, born July 1871, Mary L. born 1873, Hattie A., born September 1875, George T., born approximately 1878, Wilber C., born December 1879, Louis, born July 1885, Bennie, born June 1890 and Smiley on December 1881.
It seems that at one time over ten people lived in that cabin. By 1900 the eldest boy moved to St. Louis, Missouri and started the St. Louis branch of the Goiter family. Rhonda, Mary L. and Hattie Ann stayed in Russellville.
Rhonda married James Cooper in Logan County on October 1, 1894. They had four sons; George B., born 1898, Rufus, born 1898, James in 1901 and John H. in 1905. Rhonda and her family lived a few houses down from the home place.
By 1930 James dies and Rhonda moved back home with her sister Mary, niece Hattie B., nephew Charles Lewis and her son John Cooper who was a teacher in the colored schools of Logan County. He taught at Know City Colored School next door. John was born April 29, 1906 in Russellville. he attended Knob City Colored School graduating in 1924.
After graduation he attended Kentucky State University, graduating with a bachelor of art degree in biology, and received his master's degree from the University of Chicago. He also enrolled in the doctoral program at Ohio State and later Harvard University.
John Cooper began his basketball career as a teacher and basketball coach at Booker T. Washington School in Ashland, Kentucky.
In 1946 he became a biology teacher at Wilberforce University. After a year he joined the faculty of Ohio Central State University where he served on the coaching staff, was chairman of the biology department and later became Dean of the Basic College. He was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha, and Sigma Boule's Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity.
He retired from teaching in 1976 and died ten years later on January 20, 1986 in Cedarville, Ohio after 40 years as as educator.
Mary was the second oldest sister and the third child born to George and Lizzie. She worked for many years as a cook and laundress for a number of families in Russellville. After her sister's death she raised her two children Hattie Bell and Charles Lewis. Mary was the last of the sisters to die, passing on March 13, 1961 in Russellville.
Hattie Ann Goiter was the fourth child and the third daughter born to George and Lizzie Goiter. She was born about 1876 in Logan County and married Slaughter Lewis. He was a nephew of Green Pinckney Russell, a president of Kentucky State from _PHONE_ and again from _PHONE_. Both of their children, Hattie Bell and Charles Lewis, attended Kentucky State and became teachers.
Charles taught in the Colored Schools of Kentucky for a number of years while his sister taught in the Colored Schools of Logan County for over 40 years. many people who attended Russellville School between 1960 and 1980 had her as a teacher. Her students knew to act right in


text:
Reeya Rai and the Lost Library (Paperback)
While exploring ancient catacombs in Egypt, Reeya Rai and her family discover a chamber hidden behind a large wall of rubble. Inside are several mysterious ancient statues. However, there isn't time to explore the chamber. A large storm is coming that threatens to flood the entire region. Thinking quickly, Reeya and her friends invent a way to transport sandbags and build a wall to protect the catacombs from flooding. When they return, what ancient mysteries will they find hidden in the chamber? And how will they keep Dr. Acker and his daughter, Elsie, from discovering the chamber's secrets first?


The Journey Begins
The Journey begins for you to create healing and wellness. Thanks for joining me!
Your healing and wellness is the priority! You are not alone on this great journey. Decrease your stress and do your best to achieve your goals! Decreasing stress will allow your immune system to function more efficiently. Slow and steady every day; eat healthy, take your protocol, exercise or walk daily and reach your goals for healing!
On a daily basis you are helping yourself by taking your personalized protocol to target the cancer cells through the metabolic pathways. This will starve the cancer cells of the nutrients that they require to continue to grow and inhibit the cancer stem cells that cause the spread of the cancer. Every day the cancer cells are being stopped! Slow and steady wins the race!!
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Raspberry Pi 4 Real World Tests
The Raspberry Pi 4 was launched on 24th June and has been well received, to say the least. The spec is a big step up on previous models. It has 4 CPU cores like the Pi 2, a gigabit port like the Pi 3, plus USB 3, a better SoC, a separated bus architecture, faster memory and more of it.
Over the years, many "home" devices have been launched with Gigabit Ethernet, promising lightning fast network speeds, only to disappoint due to their lack of overall grunt. The Linkstation Live, the Sheevaplug and, to a lesser extent the Pi 3 are all on that category, unable to push their gigabit ports to more than about 14, 8 and 12 megabytes/sec respectively, due to the limitations of the CPU and the board. Is the Pi 4 the same, or can it operate as a serious NAS?
Short answer: Yes. The Pi 4 is a *serious* NAS contender. Sustained write speeds of over 68 MB/s were obtained, and over 105 MB/s for reading, including saturation of the Gigabit network. Yes, the Pi 4 can push even a 1000 MB/s network to 100%.
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text: Analysing Vietnam's rice export policy and recent export ban in the context of rising food prices, this study combines insights from a regionally-disaggregated or 'bottom-up' CGE model and a micro-simulation using household data. Three main conclusions are drawn. First, although there is little impact on GDP, there are substantial distributional impacts across regions and households from different export policies and market conditions. Second, both rural and urban households, including poor households, benefit from free trade, even though domestic rice prices are higher. Finally, under free trade, relatively large gains accrue to rural households, where poverty is most pervasive in Vietnam.


YouTuber Makes a Folding Bike and Now So Can You
The video shows steps by step instructions to making a folding bike that are surprisingly easy to follow.
They say that necessity is the mother of invention and such is the case for Laura Kampf, a YouTuber that found herself unable to travel on a train in Germany due to having her bike with her. Kampf did some further research and discovered that you can take a bike with you on a train if it is folded.
She then decided to make her own folding bike. How did this YouTuber make such a bike from a regular bike? With a lot of creativity and some heavy duty tools.
First, she used chain saws to cut the bike in two. Then, using parts of a bike chain, she connected two rectangular pieces of metals.
She used those two pieces to connect the two parts of the bike together in a way that they can actually fold. How ingenious! She even installed some locks to keep the bike perfectly in place when it is put on bike mode.
The end result is a folding bike that can be carried anywhere as a folded accessory. Watch the video to see this incredible transformation. Do you think you can make your own folded bike?
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text:
Advantages Of Electric Heating System
Relative to nearly all other means of heating the space or the house, the electric heating device has many benefits. This is because of the simplicity of using electricity to heat up the room. check here The electrical device is therefore safer, more accommodating to the climate. Here are some of the main advantages of utilizing this process.
Aside from all the advantages of this method listed above, there is one other significant advantage and this is the economic advantage of the electric heating device used. Most residents are unable to heat their homes since they use fossil sources such as coal, among other items. Relative to relatively cost-effective power that is very costly.
The numerous economic advantages of the electric heating device are:
The heating device construction doesn't require a location where it needs to be placed. Everything that's required is to get the right system in operation. Installation is simple and thus there is no labour expense of deployment. Compared to the fireplaces, this is better than other houses that need a different area and need to be constructed and costs a ton.
The heating of the space or building which is available due to the electrical grid is much more effective than it is feasible to utilize different fossil fuels by the other technologies. This is because the heat in the one using electricity is much more uniform than the other methods that are used.
These are the major advantages of using this system than the fossil fuel related one. The availability of electricity is also a reason for many people changing to this system.


text:
The code calculator functions largely in the same way as the code card
for authentication of secure transactions. The difference in the modus operandi
of the code card
and the code calculator is that the calculator never run out of one-time codes. The code card
has no protection from misuse once it falls into the wrong hands, while the code calulator typically asks for a PIN
code before you enter the challenge number
. The code calculator can also be reprogrammed if the code sequence is revealed (If a security breach happens at the central computer system or something). Reprogramming of the device is done at the bank, using standard PC
s and IR
to communicate with the device.
See the code card node for a practical example on how these devices are used.


5 Common Reasons Why Your Car Breaks Down
5 Common Reasons Why Your Car Breaks Down
August 16, 2018 No Comment
Nothing can take the sting out of the fun of your road trip like a car breakdown, and spotting the 'check engine' light flashing and putting a break on your summer getaway. Summer in Dubai is indeed the time when heat can suck away all the liquid from you. Fortunately, you are smart enough to know how to protect yourself, but your car is not. Cars go through extreme pressure during this season that leads to its frequent breakdowns.
It is crucial for you to be wise on your part and know what are the reasons that can cause a breakdown along with ways to avoid them. Here are the five common reasons for your car being in trouble during the summer.
_TAG_ 1- Evaporative Leakage
When the sun is beating down viciously, it makes the fuel in your car turned into vapor. This is why preserving the liquid during summer can turn out to be a great decision to avoid such evaporation. The charcoal canister wins the situation here by absorbing the vapor of the fuel and storing it to be used later when the engine starts.
The evaporative system of the car engine is equipped with valves, canisters, and hoses, and their work is to manage the evaporative emissions from the car. When there is a leakage in this system, the 'check engine' light starts flashing on the dashboard. The reason behind this could be the loose cap or a cracked hose.
5 Common Reasons Why Your Car Breaks Down
_TAG_ 2- Excessive Heating
The saying remains 'excess of anything is bad'. Similarly, if it is concerned with heat, it can be really harmful to your car. Overheating of the motor vehicle can result in the fault in the cooling system. Make sure your cooling system is working properly if you do not want to get baked in the heat. Checking this system becomes essential as excessive heat increases its workload. It is suggested to get your car properly checked before you hit the road during summer getaways. You can put on the heater when your car engine is heated and switch off your car's air conditioner to make things go smoother.
_TAG_ 3- Flat Tyres
To be honest, most of us have gone through this situation, Agree? Because of the hot roads and speeding car during the summer, the tires have to go through extreme pressure, which can further result in quick wear and tear. You should keep checking the pressure of your car tires to avoid such a situation. You can avoid unnecessary halts in your trip by maintaining the perfect level of air in your tires and referring to the manual before heading for your road trip.
_TAG_ 4- Batteries
Batteries put the car in trouble more during hot days. You may avoid the plastics that cover the battery, but then it plays an important role in keeping them cool. Make sure that the plastics of the battery are in their place. If you face difficulty starting your car, then check the battery using a battery tester. Another great option is to change or replace the battery after every three years, or as mentioned in the car manual.
_TAG_ 5- Surge
Surge, or engine hesitation can be caused by the dirt present in the air filter. Surge make the engine work harder, which further causes a problem while driving. If required, do the repairs of the filters, as a fault in filters can cause you to shell out a lot of money eventually. Before starting any trip on your car, make sure its filter is clean.
By keeping these points in mind, you can get on the way to make your summer trips memorable. The great thing is that you can easily buy auto spare parts online if you want to replace any of the above-mentioned parts in your car.
Leaver your comment


difference of 0.6 dB is not generally considered audible. The 47 ohm series resistor in the old design was attenuating the output noise with a 150 ohm load by about 2 dB. Considering the new amp doesn't have such an attenuator, it's noise performance is actually better. The new amp IC has better noise specs than the original so this is what you would expect. And the remaining noise appears to be from the DAC itself. So, for all practical purposes, the noise performance is the same:
Modified UCA202 1 Khz -115 dBFS 15 Ohms Noise (Ref ~400mv RMS)
SWEPT THD+N: The original UCA202 did well on this test and the modified version does even better despite driving a much more challenging load (15 ohms vs 150 ohms). The original is shown in red, the modified version in blue, and the NuForce uDAC-2 in green (note the vertical scale is expanded to a max of 0.1% compared to the NuForce uDAC-2 Review):
Modified UCA202 -3 dBFS THD N Sweep 15 Ohms (Ref ~400mv RMS)
CHANNEL BALANCE: Channel balance is very load dependent. There are multiple reasons for this. More challenging loads cause the power supply (which is shared between both channels) to have more "load ripple" which is essentially the audio signal being superimposed on the power supply. Another reason is higher loads create higher currents and higher currents create more electromagnetic radiation which "cross couples" between the channels. This happens both inside IC's shared between both channels (like the headphone amp IC is in the UCA202) and even between tracks and passive components on the circuit board. So I wasn't surprised the UCA202 did much worse at 15 ohms compared to 150 ohms. If you compare the 150 ohm performance with the modified amp, however, you'll see the result is unchanged. So the red line below isn't a result of the modification, but mainly the much more challenging load. It's not a great measurement at about –38 dB. But, especially for headphone use where a lot of people add far more "crossfeed" on purpose, it's likely not a significant problem:
Modified UCA202 Swept Ch Sep 0 dBFS (Ref 400 mV)
FREQUENCY RESPONSE: Because the UCA202 lacks a split power supply, or bridged amplifier design, it uses AC coupled amplifiers and outputs. So in both versions, the headphone amp requires an output capacitor in each channel to block DC from reaching the headphones. Into 50+ ohm loads a relatively small capacitor works fine. The original UCA202 uses 100 uF output caps. With a 15 ohm load, however, the –3 dB low frequency roll off changes dramatically. So I increased the size of the output capacitors to help compensate for this. The values I used create a low frequency roll of only about –0.2 dB at 20 hz even with this worst case load. There's also a high frequency rise that can likely be easily fixed. The new amp IC is "faster" than the old one, and hence requires different feedback compensation. I don't have the right small value surface mount capacitors on hand to tweak the feedback loop. So I left the original Behringer compensation and it's causing about a 0.4 dB rise at 10 Khz as shown (the original UCA202 is shown in yellow):
Modified UCA202 -3 dBFS 15 Ohms Freq Sweep (blue) Original (yellow 150 ohms)
And here's a composite plot showing the frequency response of both versions with a variety of loads taken at the same relative level. The most interesting thing to compare is the blue plot of the original UCA202 driving Ultimate Ears SuperFi 5 Pro headphones versus the red plot showing the new version driving the same headphones. You can also see the massive drop in output and low frequency roll off with a 15 ohm resistive load in orange versus the modified version in green:
Modified UCA202 vs Original Frequency Response Various Loads -3 dBFS (see legend) with comments
OTHER TWEAKS: As mentioned above, the feedback loop could use some attention. Optimizing the feedback should remove the slight 0.4 dB rise at the highest frequencies and might improve the sound. And I suspect using higher quality output capacitors might lower the output impedance still further. The problem here is finding better parts that will fit inside the original case. All my modifications fit completely inside (although I did have to cut a plastic post off the inside of the case). Better audio-grade output capacitors (and possibly adding quality bypass caps) may also improve the sound quality and further lower the output impedance. It might also be possible to improve the channel separation with some tweaks to the power supply lines feeding the new amp IC.
smt resistor pencilTHE BAD NEWS: This is mostly an "academic experiment" as few have the tools or skills for the surface mount re-work these modifications require. As can be seen in the photo, surface mount components are incredibly small and not made for human soldering (machines do it all when the boards are made). The photo shows three surface mount resistors in their original paper "tape" next to a regular pencil. The entire parts are smaller than the tips on most soldering irons.
THE DETAILS (added 3/25): I've received several messages and emails wanting to know the details of the modification. My plan was to research the issues mentioned above and then publish the final component values. However, for those of you who are just curious, here are the details. I want to stress that anyone who doesn't have enough surface mount soldering/re-work experience could easily damage their UCA202 beyond repair attempting these modifications. And I also have not explored the high frequency "peak", tried to improve the channel separation, or explored the somewhat higher than expected output impedance. So for anyone attempting this modification, please be aware it is presented "as is", has not been fully developed, and you may damage your UCA202!
I chose an Analog Devices AD8656 op amp. It's designed for high quality audio use from a 5 volt power supply with very low distortion and noise. And, equally important, it has +/- 75 mA of peak current capability to better drive low impedance loads directly along with a "rail-to-rail" output increasing the power available for higher impedance headphones. For a high-end op amp it's also relatively inexpensive in single piece quantities at $2.75 (I wanted to keep the total parts cost < $5). If cost is not an issue, I would consider the $5.22 AD8397 as it has +/- 310 mA of peak current capability and is used in many respected commercial products as the headphone amp although it's not optimized for a single 5 volt power supply.
I replaced the series 47 ohm Behringer output resistors (circled in the photo earlier) with 1 ohm 0603 SMT resistors shown next to the pencil in the photo. And I replaced the 100 uF Behringer output capacitors (pads circled) with 2200 uF 6.3v capacitors you can see at the start of the article (laying on their sides). I had to cut one of the internal plastic posts from the case (also visible in the phone) to make room for the larger caps.
FINAL WORDS: All things considered, for a fairly simple "hack", I was rather pleased with how this turned out. The modified Behringer UCA202 has enough power to satisfy most anyone (significantly more power than a Sansa Clip+ for example). And the output impedance drops from a very poor 50 ohms to only 2.5 ohms. It retains its previously low distortion, similar noise levels, and most other characteristics. The very slight ( +/- 0.3 dB total) frequency response variations are inaudible but I'd feel better about this modification with the feedback compensation adjusted for the new amp IC. But I have to order some parts to do that. If enough people are interested, I can take this project further?
 1. Color me interested in further modification! It's always cool to see cheap upgrades make a big difference.
 Too bad the process requires super-human skills, though. Do you think some of the easier parts, like output caps, can make a difference on their own, or is the modification pointless without the tiny resistors?
 2. You could jumper across the two 47 ohm resistors rather than replace them as I did. But even that requires a really fine tip soldering iron and a steady hand. Replacing the op amp IC also isn't easy--especially getting the old one off without damaging the PC board. And the IC is the "heart" of the modification.
 3. I see. Nevertheless - if you do decide to take this project further and write about it - it would be nice to have more insight into the actual modification process. What parts did you choose, why did you choose them etc. While knowing that the Behringer can be improved like this is nice, it would be of more value to benefit from your research by reproducing the hacks ourselves, even if it's likely to damage the PCB in the process.
 4. I recently bought a Behringer UCA202 based on your recommendation and have been very pleased with the noticeably improved music that it's able to deliver. I've been pairing it with my trusty Grado SR80i headphones, which


text:
Self-righteousness (also called sanctimoniousness, sententiousness, and holier-than-thou attitudes) is a feeling or display of (usually smug) moral superiority derived from a sense that one's beliefs, actions, or affiliations are of greater virtue than those of the average person.
The term "self-righteous" is often considered derogatory (see, for example, journalist and essayist James Fallows' description of self-righteousness in regards to Nobel Peace Prize winners) particularly because self-righteous individuals are often thought to exhibit hypocrisy due to the belief that humans are imperfect and can therefore never be infallible, an idea similar to that of the Freudian defense mechanism of reaction formation. The connection between self-righteousness and hypocrisy predates Freud's views, however, as evidenced by the 1899 book Good Mrs. Hypocrite: A Study in Self-Righteousness, by the pseudonymous author "Rita."
See also
|Look up self-righteousness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.|
|Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Self-righteousness|
- "holier-than-thou - definition of holier-than-thou by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia". Thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 2013-03-11.
- Dictionary.com definition
- Fallows, James About self-righteousness and Al Gore The Atlantic, Oct 13 2007


text:
Put into a sepulcher
Let's find possible answers to "Put into a sepulcher" crossword clue. First of all, we will look for a few extra hints for this entry: Put into a sepulcher. Finally, we will solve this crossword puzzle clue and get the correct word. We have 1 possible solution for this clue in our database.
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text:
- What happens if I accidentally swallow a bug?
- Do flies feel pain?
- Do flies sense death?
- Do flies feel love?
- What happens if you swallow a housefly?
- Do bugs fly in your mouth when you sleep?
- Can bugs live in your stomach?
- Can flies hear?
- How long do flies live for?
- What is the best home remedy to get rid of flies?
- What smell attracts flies the most?
- Can a fly kill you?
- Can bugs live in your mouth?
- Do bugs feel sadness?
- Can fly eggs hatch in your stomach?
- Where do flies go to sleep?
- Can humans eat flies?
- Do cockroaches crawl in your mouth when you sleep?
- Do bugs go in your ear when you sleep?
- Will eating a fly make you sick?
- Is swallowing a fly dangerous?
- What smells do flies hate?
- Why are the flies biting me?
- Do we eat bugs?
- Can flies bite you?
- What do flies taste like?
- Can you die from eating a cockroach?
- What bug can kill you?
- Do bugs fart?
- Why do flies bite me and not others?
What happens if I accidentally swallow a bug?
First, don't panic.
The good news is there's likely nothing to be afraid of.
"Most insects are totally harmless if ingested," said Dr.
On the other hand, if your child ingests a bug that is known to sting or bite, there may be some lasting discomfort if the insect stings the inside of the mouth or throat..
Do flies feel pain?
Over 15 years ago, researchers found that insects, and fruit flies in particular, feel something akin to acute pain called "nociception." When they encounter extreme heat, cold or physically harmful stimuli, they react, much in the same way humans react to pain.
Do flies sense death?
Time-Telling Flies The fly is extremely sensitive to odors associated with decomposition. Some biologists estimate that within 15 minutes of a person's death, the insect can detect the corpse—which serves as a potential incubator, hiding place, and feeding station all in one.
Do flies feel love?
Flies likely feel fear similar to the way that we do, according to a new study that opens up the possibility that flies experience other emotions too. The finding further suggests that other small creatures — from ants to spiders — may be emotional beings as well.
What happens if you swallow a housefly?
"Houseflies can mechanically transmit certain bacteria (Shigella) that cause dysentery," Anelli notes. The diarrhea, fever and stomach cramps that can show up after being infected with the Shigella bacteria usually clears up in five to seven days.
Do bugs fly in your mouth when you sleep?
Luckily for all of us, the "fact" that people swallow eight spiders in their sleep yearly isn't true. … The myth flies in the face of both spider and human biology, which makes it highly unlikely that a spider would ever end up in your mouth.
Can bugs live in your stomach?
Helicobacter pylori, a potentially nasty bacteria, somehow lives in one of every two human stomachs — no mean feat. Here's how the bug pulls it off.
Can flies hear?
Flies hear with their antennae. These are freely accessible for measurements, thus being especially well-suited for analyses. During the process of hearing, a sound receiver is set in motion by sound waves. … Downstream sensory cells in the fly's antenna are stretched by the deflection of the sound receiver.
How long do flies live for?
Housefly: 28 daysCulex pipiens: 7 daysFly/Lifespan
What is the best home remedy to get rid of flies?
A mixture of vinegar and dish soap can help you trap flies. To use this method, mix about an inch of apple cider vinegar and a few drops of dish soap in a tall glass. Cover the glass with plastic wrap. Secure the plastic wrap with a rubber band and poke small holes in the top.
What smell attracts flies the most?
When it comes to breeding, large flies need a substantial amount of decaying organic matter to be successful. The odors created by these breeding sources are usually very strong, putrid smells – decaying animal carcasses, rotting organic materials, etc. Most often, these breeding sources will be outdoors.
Can a fly kill you?
To make matters worse, several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes "sleeping sickness", or "human African trypanosomiasis"to give it its official name. Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.
Can bugs live in your mouth?
Plaque Bugs are a type of Germ that live in everyone's mouth. When you get older you will hear them called "Bacteria". But for now it's just fine to think of Plaque Bugs as Families of Germs, with Youngies and Oldies and Baby Bugs too.
Do bugs feel sadness?
Most entomologists agree that insects do not feel emotion – at least, not in the same way that humans do. … There may be some level of awareness in insect consciousness but not to the extent of feeling attraction, or empathy or happiness or sadness or even the ability to feel joy or pain.
Can fly eggs hatch in your stomach?
Intestinal myiasis occurs when fly eggs or larvae previously deposited in food are ingested and survive in the gastrointestinal tract. Some infested patients have been asymptomatic; others have had abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea (2,3). Many fly species are capable of producing intestinal myiasis.
Where do flies go to sleep?
Some favourite places are on the undersides of leaves, twigs, and branches, or even in tall grass or under rocks. They need a comfortable place to sleep that will shelter them from the cold, rain and wind. Flies need good grip because they often sleep upside down.
Can humans eat flies?
How to Eat Insects. While there are more than 1,900 edible insect species from which to choose, not all are edible. … Pungent bugs, hairy bugs, bugs that bite or sting, and disease-carriers like flies, ticks and mosquitoes are also on the very generalized do-not-eat list, although there are exceptions.
Do cockroaches crawl in your mouth when you sleep?
In terms of creatures that crawl into your mouth while you sleep … likely zero. Insects are not that stupid. … Granted, some insects like roaches do occasionally crawl into ears and get stuck, but that's very rare.
Do bugs go in your ear when you sleep?
In most cases, a bug will enter your ear when you're sleeping while outdoors, like when you're camping. Otherwise, a bug may fly into your ear while you're awake, typically while you're working or running outside. The insect may die while inside your ear.
Will eating a fly make you sick?
But Tetro explained that while houseflies leave bacteria on surfaces, it's a minimal amount and not enough to make most people sick. 'The only way that you could come into problems is if you actually ate them, and while that may be a nice school children joke, most people I know don't eat flies," Tetro explained.
Is swallowing a fly dangerous?
According to Dr. Pritt, for the most part, eating a bug isn't cause for worry. In general, your body will digest arthropods, which include arachnids like spiders, mites, and ticks, and insects such as gnats, flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and bedbugs, "just like any other food," she says.
What smells do flies hate?
Cinnamon – use cinnamon as an air freshner, as flies hate the smell! Lavender, eucalyptus, peppermint and lemongrass essential oils – Not only will spraying these oils around the house create a beautiful aroma, but they will also deter those pesky flies too.
Why are the flies biting me?
They can be quite bothersome, buzzing around a person's head, especially where large numbers are present. Both deer flies and horse flies bite with scissor-like mouthparts that cut into skin, causing blood flow which the flies lap up. Because of this relatively crude means of obtaining blood, the bites can be painful.
Do we eat bugs?
Human insect-eating is common to cultures in most parts of the world, including Central and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. Eighty percent of the world's nations eat insects of 1,000 to 2,000 species. In some societies, primarily western nations, entomophagy is uncommon or taboo.
Can flies bite you?
They don't always bite, but when they do, flies bite you for blood meals that provide them with nutrition or other benefits. Fly bites are more common than you might think. Unfortunately, they are also more dangerous than many realize.
What do flies taste like?
Having once accidentally tasted a housefly that flew into my mouth, I can say they taste bitter. Decidedly unpleasant, with a flat lasting bitterness that lingers after you spit it out.
Can you die from eating a cockroach?
Cockroaches can contaminate food with their waste and saliva which contains bacteria that can cause food poisoning, diarrhea, and Staphylococcus infections. … As far as the diseases that cockroaches can spread, they can pick up Salmonella on their legs and deposit it to food, which can cause food poisoning if ingested.
What bug can kill you?
7 poisonous insects and spiders you never want to meet (or eat)The Cow Killer. These aren't as far from


text: We present an investigation of optical properties of yellow light emitting (Ga,In) N-based devices grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on c-plane sapphire with different designs: well width, indium composition up to 23 percent in the well layer. Using time-resolved photoluminescence measurements collected in range of 8-300K, temperature – dependent photoluminescence decays are determined, they exhibit similar behaviors for all samples. These quantum devices always display a two-mode exponential decay with a long decay time and a short one in a ratio about four to five. The photoluminescence intensities measured from low temperature to room temperature give large values of activation temperature that indicate the increasing of the non-radiative recombination rate when the temperature increases. The average decay times are found by a procedure using fitting sigmoidal functions. These decay times increase exponentially with the indium concentration and the well width due to influence of quantum confined Stark effect on these devices. Finally, in order to estimate the performances of our samples, we plotted the decay times obtained versus product of the indium content and the well width together with others published decay times.


text: While the siting of wireless facilities is generally a local matter subject to zoning ordinances and statutes, the FCC has some rules relating to the location and construction of communications towers. For example, to ensure safe air navigation FCC rules require the registration of towers or other structures that support antennas, such as water towers or buildings, that are more than 200 feet in height or located near an airport runway. The FCC administers these requirements through the Antenna Structure Registration (ASR) system. The FCC also administers rules to ensure the construction of communications towers complies with environmental and historic preservation laws, including the National Environmental Policy Act and National Historic Preservation Act. In addition, the FCC has provided guidance on how long a state or local government has to act on a zoning application.


text:
- How is a multipart SMS constructed?
- How many characters are included in a single part of a concatenated SMS?
- How are long messages split into parts?
The message body of a long SMS is split into chunks of 132 bytes (152 GSM characters or 66 Unicode characters), excluding headers.
The maximum length of a single SMS body is 140 bytes. The length of the body of a multi-part SMS is reduced because those extra 8 bytes are needed to hold'segmentation information' that is sent along with the body of the sms, so that the handset knows how to put all the parts back together again into a single long message.
Due to the nature of SMS, and networks in general, the different parts may arrive in any order, so this segmentation information is vital for the handset to be able to re-construct the message properly.
One final thing to consider with long SMS, it's not always the case that 160 characters will fit into a single GSM-encoded SMS. There are some characters in the GSM alphabet that require 2 characters because they are 'extended alphabet' characters. So they need an 'escape' char + a char. A good example is the £ sign or Euro symbol. These 'escape' characters are also taken into account when deciding where to split the message into parts.


text:
The default font in any new PowerPoint presentation is Arial, 18 pt, black, for text boxes other than the ones that are part of the default design template such as the Title text box and Bulleted list text boxes.
If you are making a new PowerPoint presentation and do not want to have to change the font each time you add a new text box the solution is simple.
- Click on any blank area of the slide or outside the slide. You want to make sure that no object on the slide is selected.
- Choose Format > Font... and make your selections for font style, color, size and type.
- Click OK when you have made all your changes.
Test out your changes by creating a new text box. The new text box should reflect the new font choice.
Change Fonts for Other Text Boxes
To make changes to the fonts used for titles or other text boxes that are part of each template, you need to make those changes in the Master Slides.


blind listener can take words very literally. For instance, saying "light falls on an object" has no meaning for the congenitally blind individual. In general, you should not make assumptions about the viewer's knowledge of any aspect of art making. Accordingly, art terms and pictorial conventions such as perspective, focal point, picture plane, foreground, and background should always be defined for your audience. Typically, it is useful to introduce the definition or concept when the discussion turns to that aspect of the work of art. In the passage below, a discussion of Perugino's fresco Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter (1481-83) introduces the convention of one-point perspective. Notice how an understanding of this pictorial formula allows the blind viewer to grasp the spatial dynamic of this painting, which is one of its most astonishing features.
 - The scene shows Christ and Peter placed in the center foreground, with disciples and contemporary citizens arranged in rows on either side of them. In a brilliant piece of stagecraft, Perugino directs the spectator to focus on the heart of the painting-the transferring of the keys. Perugino does this by skillfully exploiting the pictorial convention of one-point perspective. Let's recall the definition of one-point perspective, which is a way of projecting an illusion of the three-dimensional world onto a two-dimensional surface. In this formula for rendering spatial recession, all parallel lines appear to converge at a single point on the horizon, called the vanishing point. Perugino has used this system both to create a sense of spatial recession and to focus our attention on a single point. Generally, compositions of large assemblies filled with many donors and friends are confusing or boring. Perugino, however, solved this problem when he set the event in an enormous square or piazza. Jesus is presenting the large gold key to the kneeling Peter. In the space between the two figures, a silver key hangs from the same chain at the very center of the composition. The perspective lines of the pavement, comprising the brickwork design, lead the spectator's eyes into the distance, converging at the door of the centrally placed temple. And immediately below the temple door is Christ delivering the keys to St. Peter. The composition is so skillfully designed that our eyes follow movement in several directions. We follow activity laterally on the horizontal, and upward on the vertical, as well as diagonally into the picture plane. While we explore all the parts of the fresco, Perugino always brings our eyes back to the main event in the center.
 -Fredericka Foster Shapiro, Fifteenth-Century Italian Art
7. Provide Vivid Details
After the general idea of the work is conveyed, the description should be more vivid and particularized. Describe pertinent details, and focus on different parts of the work. Remember that the listener is depending on you to give an accurate description. Try to use objective references rather than ones that might sway a blind person's point of view. Give enough information so that listeners can form an image in their minds, and come to their own opinions and conclusions about a work of art. The following passage describes Jean-Honoré Fragonard's The Swing (1766). Notice how the vivid description brings the scene to life.
 - The scene is set in a lush, overgrown garden. Billowing clouds of leaves on the twisted branches of ancient trees almost overwhelm the composition. Greens and blues lit by golden sunlight fill the canvas. The girl is dressed in a pink silk confection. She sits on a very plush swing, which has a gilded wooden seat upholstered in red velvet. One of her tiny feet kicks off a small, pink mule, sending it flying into midair. This gesture reveals her plump legs covered in white stockings, which are fastened by a pink garter. Only the young man, lying in the undergrowth with a rapturous expression on his face, can see any more. Perhaps she has kicked her shoe into the bushes as an excuse to join the young man. The only other witnesses to the scene are statues. A cherub crouches on the pedestal behind the young man. He holds a finger to his lips, urging two smaller stone putti to keep their silence about the young man's presence. The smaller putti nestle among the bushes underneath the swinging mistress.
 -ABS and Leslie Streitweiser, The Art of the Eighteenth Century
8. Indicate Where the Curators Have Installed a Work
Generally, a work's placement in an art institution reveals important information about its meaning, as well as its relationship to other works in the collection. Tell the blind viewer where the work is located in the institution. Include in your discussion a description of the gallery or sculpture garden where the work is installed, and mention the surrounding artworks. Describe how the work under discussion relates to these other works, as well as to the viewer and the surrounding space. For example, the work may confront the viewer or it may be installed off to the side. The passage below describes the location of Auguste Rodin's sculpture St. John the Baptist (1878-80) in the Museum of Modern Art, New York.
 - St. John is located on the second floor of the museum. When you get off the escalator, the sculpture is about twenty feet to your left. St. John stands alone, and he is just to the right of the entrance to the sculpture and painting galleries. His right arm, on our left, points up to Heaven. However, because of the sculpture's placement in the museum, St. John also beckons the visitor into the galleries to see the permanent collection.
 -Francesca Rosenberg, Museum of Modern Art, New York
9. Refer to Other Senses as Analogues for Vision
Try to translate a visual experience into another sense. Although blind viewers are without sight, their other senses, such as touch or hearing, enable them to construct highly detailed impressions of a work of visual art. For instance, refer to the sense of touch when describing the surface of a sculpture. A comparison between the rough-hewn texture of Auguste Rodin's Balzac (1892-97) and the glasslike finish of Constantin Brancusi's Bird in Space (c. 1927) can be very instructive. Or compare a Japanese tea-ceremony jar, with its irregular shape and unfinished surface, with a highly refined Chinese white-porcelain statuette from the eighteenth century. In both of these ceramic works, the degree of surface refinement is an integral part of the work's formal value, as well as of its meaning. There are many ways to utilize senses other than sight when describing a work of art, and any discussion of materials is rich with possibilities. The following passage draws upon the sense of hearing to experience the grandeur and sensual richness of Annibale Carracci's ceiling decoration (_PHONE_) for the Palazzo Farnese, in Rome.
 - Imagine being in a very large room with superb sound speakers placed just below the ceiling. The sound from the speakers is exactly what you might hear in a garden. Imagine hearing plants rustling in the wind, birds singing, and the splashing water of the fountains. In addition to these natural sounds, you hear snatches of conversations and the cheerful laughter of children playing. Imagine these sounds coming from many different directions. These outdoor sounds are so faithfully reproduced that you feel as though an outdoor garden is directly above you. And yet, you know you are in a room. The temperature is that of a room. And the air within these four walls is still. There is no breeze. And yet, you are astonished. This evocation of nature is similar to the experience of seeing a seventeenth-century ceiling painting. Reality and illusion artfully merge.
 -ABS and Paula Gerson with Virginia Hooper, Baroque Art in the Seventeenth Century
10. Explain Intangible Concepts with Analogies
Certain kinds of visual phenomena, such as shadows or clouds, may be difficult to describe objectively. In the case of congenitally blind or early-blind individuals with no visual memory, it may be impossible to convey a sighted person's visual experience of certain kinds of phenomena. However, a well-chosen analogy can be just as effective. To construct a helpful analogy, choose objects or experiences from everyone's common experience. In a description of Pablo Picasso's Cubist painting Girl with a Mandolin (Fanny Tellier) (1910), you might compare the image of the figure to a shattered wine bottle whose fragments have been reassembled in different positions. In the passage below, two very effective analogies are used to explain the concept of light and shadow.
 - Use of light and shadow in a painting can be explained by referring to the feeling one has when sitting in front of a window on a sunny day. The parts of the face and body that feel the warmth are said to be in the light. Those parts not being warmed by the sun are said to be in shade or shadow. To understand the concept of a cast shadow, imagine yourself standing in the kind of shower where the water comes out in a fairly narrow spray. As you stand in front of this spray, the front of your body gets wet, but not your back. If the water were a light source, the front of your body would be highlighted, and the back would be in shadow. Additionally, because the front of your body blocks the water, there would be a spot on the shower floor behind you where water does not fall. If the water were a light source, your body would block the flow of light, and the light would not reach the area of the shower floor behind you. The dark


text:
Visual Basic (VB) Question: Download Questions PDF
What two methods are called from the ObjectContext object to inform MTS that the transaction was successful or unsuccessful?
SetComplete and SetAbort.
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Pro Judging Tips: Q&A with Meat Judging Coach Jimmy Carter, Seymour, TX
February is iCEV Judging Month! In honor of iCEV Meat Judging Week, Jimmy Carter, Agricultural Science Teacher at Seymour High School, shares insights and tips on coaching meat judging.
Why do you feel participating on a judging team is so important for students? How does it bring students success in the future?
I feel participating on judging team(s) is important because of the critical thinking skills students begin to hone and continue to develop as they become more proficient. Students also learn how to be part of a team, and since our teams are small compared to competitive sports teams, they understand how important their role is on the team. They also realize that as teammates they have a responsibility to be the best they can be for the sake of the team.
Judging brings success in the future in the form of scholarships, awards, honors, FFA Degrees, collegiate judging and hopefully a desire to pursue a career in the field your are participating in or one that may be similar.
What are the important qualities of a judging team member?
The important qualities of a judging team member include: sacrifice, diligence, dedication, self-motivation, love of competition and hating defeat.
What advice do you have for students that might be interested in judging?
Give it a shot. The worst thing that can happen is you will learn awesome stuff and meet even more awesome people.
How do you prepare your students before each event?
I help prepare students for events by facilitating their needs. I like to focus on areas in which I feel or they feel they are weak. The real learning comes during and after the events.
How do you prepare students to give oral reasons?
Practice, practice, practice. Have them practice in front of as many people that make them nervous as much as possible. Another key is taking good notes that are accurate, specific, organized and to the point.
What advice do you give to struggling students?
If you commit to a team, any team, you have an obligation that is much bigger than just yourself. You must consider the needs of every team member and always do what is best for the betterment of the team.
What are some common challenges a judging team can face and how do you help your students overcome those challenges?
Time management/conflicts: Check all team members' schedules as early in the year as possible and avoid train wrecks that might occur down the road.
Team member compatibility: Sometimes we just have to work through our differences and focus on our goals. It takes all members working together in order to be successful.