two diagrams with different associations is just a presentation tool, the class has all the associations across all the diagrams
 +1 Bob
 +1 Bob (it's not the associations from Const; it's the association to Const.)
Chris: choices of what to maintain - UML metamodel, asn06 or BNF
Michael: please can we clarify wha the actual problem is with interpreting UML metadata as abstract syntax
... is the problem the use the aggregation as meaning partof
... can we solve it by using association (hollow diamond) instead of aggregation
 Reference for UML aggregation vs composition - _URL_
Paul: [point to interchanges on the mail list about metamodel usage]
DaveR: suggests the issue is not in interpretation of the digrams by others but us misusing them, the symbol diagram could be made consistent with both readings if we tried
Harold: can we learn from RDF/RDFS representation in MOF in ODM?
Chris: RDF and RDFS are intertwined, there isn't the same sort of separation to repesent, it is not a good analogy to this case
[Back to the question of which one we are trying to maintain]
csma: the question is how to we derive the XML syntax rather than which one we maintain
Chris: if we want to derive an XML syntax then that comes from asn06
csma: so that means we maintain the asn06
... but that doesn't stop us using the diagram for didactic reasons
... but if we have one it has to be right
Harold: call it UML/MOF style instead of UML
Jos: can use UML to specify the syntax, it would be a perfectly readable diagram
Chris: the nice thing about a metamodel is that it only includes the things you need in your semantics
Sandro: if you can translate asn06 to the UML does that resolve the dichotomy?
Chris: there is no way to do that and be able to go back
Sandro: the problems are caused by modelling errors not be confusion on the use of MOF
csma: if we wanted to have a syntax derived from MOF/UML we would be using XMI and we don't want all that baggage, we don't want to carry the whole metamodel
Allen: use the asn06 for actually driving the syntax, put the digrams into blue sections and then into the Arch document
 The 'abstract syntax' use of MOF/UML only requires generalization and composition with roles, multiplicity, and very simple (ordered) constraints.
 Quick draft of diagram into asn06
 _URL_
Michael: can't use UML in writing down the semantics, need a linear syntax for that
 Proposed: Extend Earlier Resolution: RIF uses asn06 as its 'abstract syntax' that can be visualized with MOF/UML-like diagrams only requiring generalization and composition with roles, multiplicity, and very simple (ordered) constraints.
Harold: but if we put the MOF in blue, do we have to put asn06 into white?
Sandro: the disgreement is in the modelling not in the way we present it (his suspicion, at least.)
Chris: calls for comments on moving UML to blue
csma: objects, prefer it to be simplified and kept
... and its purpose and nature better explained
... just remove the PSORT part of the diagram and everything else is OK
Resolved: UML diagram 1 stays in WD1 but with NamedElement and PSort removed
scribe: and the connecting links
Summary of Action Items
[End of minutes]
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Scribes: Bob Moore, Andreas Harth
ScribeNicks: PaulVincent, BobMoore, aharth, aharth_scribe, DaveReynolds
WARNING: Replacing list of attendees.
Old list: Mike_Dean Leora_Morgenstern +1.703.983.aaaa meeting_room Hassan_Ait-Kaci Elisa_Kendall LeoraMorgenstern Gary_Hallmark
New list: Elisa_Kendall Mike_Dean Hassan_Ait-Kaci meeting_room Gary_Hallmark Leora_Morgenstern
Default Present: Elisa_Kendall, Mike_Dean, Hassan_Ait-Kaci, meeting_room, Gary_Hallmark, Leora_Morgenstern
WARNING: Replacing previous Present list. (Old list: Allen, JosDeBruijn, MichaelKifer, Andreas, JohnHall, DaveReynolds, BobMoore, PaulVincent, Sandro, ChrisW, CSMA, Deborah)
such as: Present+ AllenGinsberg, JosDeBruijn, MichaelKifer, AndreasHarth, JohnHall, DaveReynolds, BobMoore, PaulVincent, SandroHawke, ChrisWelty, CSMA, DeborahNichols, LeoraMorgenstern, MikeDean
Present: AllenGinsberg JosDeBruijn MichaelKifer AndreasHarth JohnHall DaveReynolds BobMoore PaulVincent SandroHawke ChrisWelty CSMA DeborahNichols LeoraMorgenstern MikeDean
Got date from IRC log name: 26 Feb 2007
People with action items: allen harold kifer leora michaek michael michaelk michaelkiefer michaelkifer mikier mkifer
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In South Australia a wide range of people are required by law to notify Families SA of situations where child abuse and neglect are suspected. Under the Children's Protection Act 1993 (as amended by the Amendment Bill 2005) these people are referred to as "mandated notifiers" and the obligation is outlined in Section 11 (1) and (2).
In response to the legislative amendments the Mandated notifiers program was updated in early 2006 and renamed Child Safe Environments - Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect. This reflects the vision of the government that the whole community will endeavour to care for and protect children through building stronger, more child-focused communities.
To order hard copies of publications on this page, telephone 8226 6974.
To save any of the following downloads: right click and select "Save Target As...". Select the destination on your computer then click 'Save'.
Guidelines for reporting child abuse and neglect
] This booklet of information allows the reader to understand:
- The Children's Protection Act 1993 and mandated notification responsibilities
- Why child protection is important
- How to be effective in situations of concern with children or young people
- How to report situations of concern about children or young people
- Guidelines for Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect
Strategies for Managing Abuse Related Trauma (SMART) training available as a free, online learning package.
Information Sharing Guidelines for people who protect or promote the wellbeing of children, young people and their families. Currently under development by the Department of Education and Children's Services (DECS) South Australia
Working Together to Protect Children: South Australian Interagency Child Protection Information Book Volume 1. Currently under development by Department for Families and Communites, Families SA
Office for Recreation and Sport (SA) Keeping Children Safe in Recreation and Sport, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, 2007
Office for Recreation and Sport (SA) website, including Child Safe Officer training.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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When to Use the Chain and Quotient Rules
Date: 06/12/98 at 23:35:42 From: Matthew Subject: Order of differentiation Hi, I'm doing a maths subject called "Introductory Calculus" and learning about the various forms of differentiation. I've come across such questions as: Differentiate: (2x + 1)^2 f(x) = ---------- 2x + 4 In situations like this, do I use the quotient rule first or the chain rule first?
Date: 06/16/98 at 23:06:37 From: Doctor Mateo Subject: Re: Order of differentiation Hello Matthew, In the specific example that you give, you begin by recognizing that the function is a rational function - it looks like a fraction with a variable in the denominator (the bottom). Because you are looking for the first derivative of a rational function, you begin by applying the quotient rule first. As you apply the quotient rule, you encounter a term in the numerator with a power. So what happens here is that you end up applying the chain rule in the process of doing the quotient rule. Consider the two functions below: (4x - 5)^3 ( (4x - 5) )^3 (I) g(x) = ----------- and (II) h(x) = (----------) (5 + 3x) ( (5 + 3x) ) In I) above, the exponent is part of the term in the numerator (top). The exponent does not go with the term in the denominator. In II) above, the exponent is on the outside of the entire fraction, which means that it actually belongs to the numerator (top) and the denominator (bottom) because: ( (4x - 5) )^3 (4x - 5)^3 h(x) = (----------) = ---------- ( (5 + 3x) ) (5 + 3x)^3 In II) you would apply the chain rule first, since the exponent goes with the numerator and the denominator. Then you would do the quotient rule on the rational function inside. Alternatively, you could put the exponent with the numerator and the denominator then apply the quotient rule first, since you now have a rational function, but then you would have to use the chain rule twice. In I) you would apply the quotient rule first since you have a rational function, and then do the chain rule on the part that involves the exponent. I hope this helps you distinguish the order a little better. Have fun differentiating! -Doctor Mateo, The Math Forum Check out our web site! _URL_
Search the Dr. Math Library:
Ask Dr. MathTM
© _PHONE_ The Math Forum


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In many charitable organizations there are more funding needs than there is fundraising capacity. When this occurs, a process of case clearance must be used. Case clearance identifies the ideal combination of project priorities, diversity and appeal. The Pitcher Group can assist you with this review process. In larger organizations, we can help broker which projects become part of a formal campaign, which become part of a stretch goal initiative and which should be deferred until the next campaign. Finally, as part of an appraisal process, we can test a short list of potential case items with prospective donors and volunteers to determine which garner the most support.
Developing a list of items to be funded is merely the first step in the case development process. It is also important to detail — the need for each case item; examples of the impact on individual people; how your organization is well-suited to address the need, the plan to meet the need; and the funds required. Case development is often more than just a writing exercise. Developing the rational for case items can require research and planning. Once all the case items have been developed, a case statement should be drafted. The case statement is the foundation for all fundraising communications, promotional materials and solicitation tools. The Pitcher Group can direct all aspects of case development. We can provide the strategic insights and writing skills to ensure your fundraising efforts have the best possible start.
Recognition and Naming Plans
Even donors whose primary motivation is philanthropic respond positively to thoughtful recognition programs and naming opportunities. As such, creative stewardship initiatives can help you raise more money immediately. Furthermore, your current donors are your best future prospects. So, recognition programs help you raise more money over time. Thanks in large part to our sponsorship work, the Pitcher Group team is highly effective at creating recognition programs and naming plans. We even have a proven track record designing programs that have created dramatic new funding opportunities. Our creativity will help you raise more money.
It can be difficult to know how much cultivation you need to do before soliciting a gift. Fundraising organizations often ask too early in the solicitation cycle resulting in being turned down by donors. Likewise, with donors sometimes taking months to reach decisions, knowing if you and your team are making enough progress to achieve your fundraising goals on time can be a challenge. In this case, fundraising organizations sometimes respond too late to adjust their strategy in time. A Moves Management and Solicitation Pipeline system can help you address both of these challenges. Moves management identifies how far each prospect is in the solicitation cycle and identifies tasks for moving prospects each step of the way from initial contact to final decision. A solicitation pipeline takes that request cycle information, and calculates your overall probable results to let you know in advance whether you are likely to achieve your goals. The Pitcher Group can help you develop a moves management and solicitation pipeline system tailored to your organization.
Fundraising campaigns can be challenging projects both for the difficulty in raising large amounts of money and for the number of tasks that must be completed to achieve success. A comprehensive campaign plan details both the overall strategies and individual tasks that provide a roadmap to reaching your financial goals. The Pitcher Group can layout the divisions and stages of activity required to meet your specific fundraising circumstances. Our campaign plans are designed to be active reference tools that underpin your success.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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One of the mysteries of the English language finally explained.
Disciplined and dedicated practice or learning, especially in religion or music.'years of sadhana blessed him with technical mastery'
- 'No, the twelve year cycle is just twelve years of sadhana, which is study without really starting to practice!'
- 'These practices included all traditional Hindu disciplines, and also sadhana of Muslim and Christian faith.'
- 'The original caste system was based on self-discipline through education and through personal sadhana.'
- 'For the next twenty years, I learned from him and did sadhana, religious discipline, for long hours.'
- 'With snow and ice outside, on the inside the fires of teaching, worship and sadhana were kept burning by 100 devotees, including babies and elders.'
- 'When practicing a sadhana, we are not superimposing something artificial atop the natural state of things.'
From Sanskrit sādhanā 'dedication to an aim', from sādh 'bring about'.
Top tips for CV writingRead more
In this article we explore how to impress employers with a spot-on CV.


The Benefits of Chlorophyll in Dieting and Gardening
Most people know about the benefits of chlorophyll when it comes to gardening, but not many people think about the benefits of this substance when you find it in your own food. Chlorophyll is actually a rather vital nutrient, but most people don't think about it because it is found in many of the vegetables that people eat. As long as you are eating some kind of vegetables throughout the day, you are probably getting a good dosage of chlorophyll.
Green plants are well known for their use of chlorophyll, and the benefits of chlorophyll do not really need to be described when it comes to these kinds of staples in gardening. The process of photosynthesis is something that everyone learns about in school, so it's important to make sure that you let it happen in nature. The only way your garden is going to be able to grow is if you let the process of photosynthesis take control of your plant life.
Benefits of ChlorophyllChlorophyll is really the basis of all the energy in the world because animals and humans get their energy from plant life or other animals.
Without the plant life that is provided with energy through photosynthesis, there would not be very many energetic people walking around in the world.
If you are going to be a rather energetic person, then you need to make sure that you are getting enough green vegetables into your daily diet.
The benefits of chlorophyll can be seen all around us
Chlorophyll is the basis for much of the energy found in plants and animals in the world, so the benefits of chlorophyll are rather easy to see. You need to think about the process of photosynthesis when you are putting together your own garden because you need to make sure that your plants have everything that they need to grow.
There are a few vital aspects of gardening that need to be known to be a successful gardener, and helping your plants get chlorophyll is definitely a part of that process.
The best way to make sure that your plants, flowers and vegetables will be healthy is to make sure that they get enough sun and water. You also need to make sure that your plants are in quality soil because sometimes the soil will not have enough nutrients in it. You need to make sure that your soil has plenty of nutrients if you want your plants to be able to grow to their full potential.
Chlorophyll keeps the world going round and round
Without chlorophyll, the world would be a rather lifeless and dreary place to live. The benefits of chlorophyll can be seen all around you during the day, but you may not realize that it is there right away. Now that you know chlorophyll is so important to your everyday life, you should make sure that you take note of this phenomenon and keep your plants healthy as often as possible.


Let's look more at background. We can add video to the background. You can see examples of what this lesson is about on this site I created (and then stopped working on because my son wanted to make his own site).
Lands Unknown front page
Here's my exact code. The image is the name "Lands Unknown."
 Explore, sail, and trade in a massive procedural world. Coming to PC, PS4, Xbox One <1--end class trailer-->
video { width: 100%; height: auto; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; z-index: -1; }.container img {width: 100%; height: auto; z-index: 5; }
Above: everything is in a div for that part of the page. The image is the big name.
CSS: The video has a width of 100%. It goes clear across the screen no matter the screen size. The height automatically adjusts so that the screen is never squished weird.
Position we haven't talked about. I don't use it much. I must have had trouble getting it to be where I wanted it to be. Absolute tells it to stay put where you put it.
Z-index is relevant to backgrounds. The Z-index orders your layers. 0 is the bottom, 1 is next. Giving everything else something greater than 0 would have been enough, but I just used -1 to move it back. I could have used 1 instead of 5 for the image container. If you have two things in the same place, use Z-index to order your layers, bringing one in front of the other. The higher the number the more to the front it is. If you can't see something on your page, maybe it's hidden under something else!
Z-index is how you can scroll up a page and have the page look like it's scrolling up under the menu at the top of the page.
Try adding a video background on a page.
Here's this lesson.


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initiative and is planning a fifth one in 2021. To date, it has published over nine hundred academic digital articles in Spanish on historical and contemporary cases of women architects. In 2018, the blog was visited over one million times by engaged readers who suggested new cases to add (Figure 2). The archival work was further expanded by collaborating with other institutions and digital networks that have linked and published the articles, and the editors have participated in women-only Wikipedia edit-athons that have increased the number of women architect entries on the site from just 2% in 2015 to 8% in 2018. In addition to the use of social media such as Facebook, they took part in the radio program Arquitectos al aire, which also has a YouTube channel. Moreover, the online trend has led to concrete architectural exhibitions, the publication of architecture magazines and the e-book Nuestras Arquitectas: Re-mapeo y Nuevas Cartografías, by Inés Moisset and Carolina Quiroga. In 2016, Un día|Una arquitecta was awarded the Milka Bliznakov Research Prize of the International Archive of Women in Architecture from Virginia Tech. The jury highlighted the use of digital tools and the internet to expand archival content to a wider audience. As a political initiative, in 2017 Un día|Una arquitecta launched a signature petition, called 'Compromiso 30%', demanding a minimal involvement of female participants in professional events, including panel discussions, held in Argentina and Spain. Through digital activism and the community's participation, they exposed images of all-male or dominantly male panels.
The contributors to Arquitetas (in)visíveis (Invisible Women Architects) are less formal in their pursuit of gender equality and more expansive in their use of media. This collective began as a group of undergraduate architecture and urbanism students at the Universidade de Brasília who critically researched and collected data on historically omitted women architects. On International Women's Day 2014, Gabriela Cascelli Farinasso, Hana Augusta de Andrade, Julia Mazzutti Bastian Solé, Laura Pita Viera, and Luiza Rego Dias Coelho released the Facebook page Arquitectas (in)visíveis. An online community grew by sharing articles of interest on feminism and architecture and their initial research on 21 women architects. In the context of their institution, these young women architects (average age of 22) organised an exhibition with lectures that drew the attention of the UnBTV, the television channel of the University of Brasília. On International Women's Day 2015, they joined forces with the site ArchDaily and published a compilation of biographical entries about 48 women architects. With this data they created their own official website that is structured according to different categories (pioneers, in the shadows, architecture, urbanism, landscape architecture, social architecture, sustainable architecture) and has a blog section for discussions (Figure 2). Over time, they were invited to participate in conferences, architecture exhibitions, and TEDx Talk Brasilia. They soon realized the need to create a space of dialogue between various people researching gender issues in the built environment from various disciplinary angles, such as psychology, sociology, geopolitics, and the arts. Through an open call for papers, they published the first edition of their magazine, Pioneiras, in August 2016, and the second edition, Nas Sombras, in March 2018. In parallel, they expanded their reach of narratives to YouTube and Instagram. Also, their documentary, Poeira e Batom — 50 mulheres na construção de Brasília, has been shown at various film and feminist festivals. Nowadays, they run O tracso é Delas, a podcast in Portuguese about the traces of women builders.
The group behind Pioneer Women of American Architecture relied on large budgets for creating this historiographical website. In 2012, the aim of the Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation was to uncover a group of women born before WWII who broke sexual and racial barriers and made important contributions to North American architecture, urbanism, and interior and furniture design and to empowering young architecture students and practitioners. From a jury selection of 50 profiles of pioneer women, the directors, Mary McLeod and Victoria Rosner, selected the authors for each profile and developed a format for the project. In line with the prestige of the project, Pioneer Women of American Architecture was launched in October 2014 at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. The website is straightforward and easy to use. It starts with a list of 50 cases leading to well-researched biographical entries with a complete biographical apparatus (Figure 2). The editors expressed their intention to eventually add more case studies documenting the careers of women architects in America.
These three online resources of feminist architectural history engage with new media in various degrees and provide us with free scholarly knowledge on women architects. At the same time, they also attempt to position themselves as authoritative in this expanding field. The website Pioneer Women of American Architecture has remained a canonical resource closer to the concerns of third wave feminism. Not only does it expose her-stories from women who practised in North America, omitting connections with issues of racism and sexism as a global campaign towards intersectional feminism, but it also fails to build a bridge with the new generation of female architects whom they aim to motivate to study architecture. By contrast, the Brazilian case of Arquitetas (in)visíveis is a platform targeted at young activist architects and students that invites other disciplines to discuss the patriarchal and colonial power structure in the built environment across the North/South divides. In line with Generation Z, the collective mobilises various social media to discuss racism, LGBTIQ+ rights, and fascism. Additionally, it has enhanced the architecture-related gender research in Portuguese and encouraged the networking of scholars in this minority language. Similarly, Un día|Una arquitecta has also taken advantage of a growing scene of Latin feminist-activism and the online trending topic of International Women's Day to give visibility to under-researched, non-western cases, both historical and contemporary, in the Spanish language. With the power of digitisation, the project has broken frontiers and for the first time has connected Latin American architectural researchers with Spanish-speaking emigrants in Europe and the United States. However, it has maintained the blog format since its inception and as a result, the content is not rapidly accessible nor visually appealing enough for the new generation of architects.
In the shifting ground of websites, content platforms need to actively engage the youth, who are not only mobile-native and highly integrated and dependant in social media but also socially responsible. As discrimination is still rampant in the profession, it should be also asked whether the use of biographies — a legacy of second wave feminism — is helping to achieve a more egalitarian architectural profession or if it continues to position women as vulnerable and isolated subjects in the architecture discipline.
A Community of Education and Exploration: Reframing Understandings of the Bauhaus
Elizabeth Otto, Haunted Bauhaus: Occult Spirituality, Gender Fluidity, Queer Identities, and Radical Politics, Cambridge, MA & London: MIT Press, 289 pages, 2019, ISBN: 9780262043298
Few design and architecture institutions have achieved such wide and scholarly recognition as the Bauhaus. Its centennial in 2019 unsurprisingly led to numerous exhibitions and publications that both celebrated and challenged its legacy and impact on the last century of art, architecture, and design. The MIT Press alone — which had already celebrated the school's 50th anniversary in 1969 with its translation from German of the authoritative Bauhaus: Weimar, Dessau, Berlin, Chicago (Wingler 1962) — published three new books: Bauhaus Futures (Forlano, Steenson, and Ananny 2019), Gyorgy Kepes: Undreaming the Bauhaus (Blakinger 2019), and Elizabeth Otto's Haunted Bauhaus: Occult Spirituality, Gender Fluidity, Queer Identities, and Radical Politics, reviewed here (Figure 3).
Haunted Bauhaus is an enlightening discussion of rarely told histories that Otto also shared in two volumes co-edited with Patrick Rössler: Bauhaus Bodies: Gender, Sexuality, and Body Culture in Modernism's Legendary Art School (Otto and Rössler 2019a), and Bauhaus Women: A Global Perspective (Otto and Rössler 2019b). The book discusses the embodied and politicized experiences of the Bauhäusler and Bauhäuslerin — terms describing the male and female members of the school that are used to focus on the community of individuals rather than the 'master'-student relationship — and reframes the commonly understood narrative of the Bauhaus as a paradigm of rational modernism. Otto presents instead a diversified array of 'anti-utilitarian experiments in occultism and spirituality, communal and individual expressions of gender and sexuality, and radical politics' (Otto 2019: 3). By doing so, she moves away from the small number of major figures usually discussed and makes visible those concepts and people that histories of the Bauhaus have systematically overlooked or relegated to the margins.
The title of the book refers to Avery Gordon's (2008) concept of haunting to 'illuminate how content that is repressed or unresolved can escape and manifest obliquely despite the systems that usually contain it' — in this case, the 'non-Taylorized bodies and non-normative sexualities' that 'haunt the margins of the Bauhaus' (Otto 2019: 3–4). Otto argues that


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How many meganewton-meter in 1 newton-metre?
The answer is 1.0E-6.
We assume you are converting between meganewton meter and newton-metre.
You can view more details on each measurement unit:
meganewton-meter or newton-metre
The SI derived unit for torque is the newton meter.
1 newton meter is equal to 1.0E-6 meganewton-meter, or 1 newton-metre.
Note that rounding errors may occur, so always check the results.
Use this page to learn how to convert between meganewton meters and newton metres.
Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units!
Newton metre is the unit of moment in the SI system. Its symbol is N m or N·m. It is a compound unit of torque corresponding to the torque from a force of 1 newton applied over a distance arm of 1 metre.
ConvertUnits.com provides an online conversion calculator for all types of measurement units. You can find metric conversion tables for SI units, as well as English units, currency, and other data. Type in unit symbols, abbreviations, or full names for units of length, area, mass, pressure, and other types. Examples include mm, inch, 100 kg, US fluid ounce, 6'3", 10 stone 4, cubic cm, metres squared, grams, moles, feet per second, and many more!
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text:
|Manual for the Use of Focus Groups (Methods for Social Research in Disease) (International Nutrition Foundation for Developing Countries - INFDC, 1993, 97 pages)|
|Part II: Staff training for focus group discussions|
A debrief is a meeting that is held after each focus group to discuss all aspects of the session. The debrief is a very useful activity to include in the focus group session. It is very tempting to limit the debrief sessions to a minimum, but it is extremely useful in evaluating the quality of the session, improving the skills of the team, checking the responses, and designing further question guides or changing question lines.
14.2 The field debrief
This is a very short meeting that is held immediately after the focus group while the team is still in the field. It should be conducted away from the site of the focus group. As people will be rather tired after the session, do not expect the team to be able to give more than 15 minutes concentration time to the field debrief. This meeting should only be used for clearing up any confusion that a team member thinks may be forgotten by the time the full debrief session is held.
14.3 The full focus group debrief
You may need two hours for the debriefing of each focus group, especially in the early part of a project. All team members should be present for this meeting. If you are using interpreters, it is especially important that they attend as they can provide a lot of guidance to the research team. They have often noticed things during the session that have not actually been recorded that may be of use. They can also clarify questions about responses that were recorded by the observer.
If tape recordings are to be transcribed, then they will not be available for the debriefing session. For this reason, you will need to rely on the notes taken by the observer. Use these notes to check whether the focus group discussions are providing you with the information that you require to meet the objectives.
It is quite useful to have a meeting agenda prepared so that you can go through the many aspects of the focus group discussions thoroughly. It is easy to forget all the different parts that need to be discussed, so if you are working with a list of things to cover, the meeting will be more productive. You should design your own agenda, but be sure to include specific points in the following main areas:
· Practical/logistical aspects of the focus group session (including equipment).
· Team skills and performance.
· Wording and comprehension of the questions.
· Information required by objectives being obtained.
· Cultural appropriateness of the session.
In larger projects where distances have to be travelled, a focus group session can take up a half day. In this case, it may be useful to have your focus group sessions in the afternoon and your debrief the following morning. Often if your team members are tired after a session, then holding the major debrief the same afternoon may not be wise. You do not want to rush the debrief as the information that the whole team can provide is very valuable, and may improve the standard of your focus groups quite a lot.


text: Created a method to measure how much force was being applied to scoliosis brace fasteners to measure patient compliance. Created a patient portal website that allowed the data to be uploaded. Created a clinician website to allow access to the data. The initial method employed strain gages on the brace's fasteners. This approach was abandoned when GA Tech failed to file a patent application and another team successfully field an application that covered the same technique. Subsequent to this set back, GTRI investigated methods to measure the force applied to the patients body. No suitable sensor was identified.


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Favorite Music App for November
Is your child a fan of Star Wars? If so, I encourage you to check out our favorite app for November. This app combines adventure and learning into one experience. As they travel to a galaxy far, far, away, students practice naming notes on the musical staff. In keeping with the Star Wars theme, students aim their fighter plane at the correct note on the staff to match the given note name.
The Staff Wars app is great for Star Wars fan. With visual graphics and sound effects reflecting the Star Wars theme, students find new enjoyment in what can often become mundane theory practice of naming notes. Students can customize the settings as they "Select a Mission" to practice reading treble clef notes, bass clef notes, or even alto clef notes. There are adjustable levels of practice to reflect the learner's ability level. The game records student's progress by keeping score of how many notes the student named correctly.
Benefits of Technology
Technology has a wonderful way of engaging students of all ages. Students often enjoy the animation and interactive features. As a teacher, I value the immediate feedback that students receive. Instead of waiting until next week's piano lesson for me to check their theory homework, students receive immediate feedback. The Staff Wars app indicates the correct answer to students, so they can learn from their mistakes. As they continue to practice, they improve their note reading skills.
Importance of Reading Music
Learning to read music is an important skill for developing musicians. Students develop confidence as they learn to read music fluently,. Reading music also expands a student's opportunities to play new music. By developing this skill, students gain new appreciation for the beauty of music.


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Performer completely changed the way we can manipulate music. It allows me to freely create sound design elements, but most importantly, perform musical ideas that can't be done any other way.
Sascha Dikiciyan, Composer "Tron: Evolution"
KONKREET PERFORMER is a music control and performance instrument that was designed to use multi-touch technology to the full. Instead of traditional faders and knobs, use multi-touch and gestures to manipulate PERFORMER's beautiful shapes to dynamically control your computer's software instruments in real-time.
THE PERFORMANCE SCREEN
- Move the whole object by dragging the central master node
- Move individual nodes by dragging them
- Rotate the object using a two-finger rotation gesture on any free space on the screen
- Grow/shrink the object using a two-finger pinch gesture on any free space on the screen
- Throw the object by dragging the object centre rapidly and letting go (Throwing action is enabled using the Trigger Hold settings in the Preferences Screen)
- Every change to the object will send out MIDI/OSC messages
- A snapshot stores the object's current shape and position
- To save a snapshot, tap the red button in the top left corner and then choose any of the 8 snapshot slots
- To retrieve the snapshot, simply tap the respective snapshot button and the object will morph to the saved position and shape
- To erase a snapshot, first throw the object so that it disappears, then save this "invisible" object in the snapshot slot to be erased. (Throwing action is enabled using the Trigger Hold settings in the Preferences Screen.)
- To erase all 8 snapshots, use the button in the Preferences Screen.
- There are 8 independent banks for different MIDI/OSC settings, behaviour and visual preferences
- Each bank has its own set of 8 snapshots
- Left/right bank buttons move to the previous/next bank
- Changing bank also sends an OSC message (see XXXXX)
THE MAPPING SCREEN
- Bank Label – each bank can be given a custom name
- MIDI/OSC mode selector for current bank. When in MIDI mode, the MIDI channel for this bank can also be set.
Just touch the element (master, node, ribbon) you want to edit.
Each row shows (from left to right):
- Enable/Disable button for sending this message
- The event name
- For OSC: the address pattern
- For MIDI: the MIDI message type & MIDI message value
- Range button – to adjust or invert the parameter range
- Single-shot button – to send a single-shot message (useful when MIDI learning with other software)
- Each node can also be given a custom label.
- Indicator bar shows current value
- Drag Min and Max bars to adjust range
- Range is 0.0 to 1.0 for OSC, 0 to 127 for MIDI
- Double-tap range area to invert it
- The range button icon will glow bright white whenever the range is not at default
MIDI Communication Status
- Shows the status of all outgoing connections from PERFORMER to other MIDI apps and devices.
- No configuration is needed for MIDI; PERFORMER will automatically connect to any available MIDI inputs
OSC Communication Settings
- OSC Output: for controlling OSC-compatible software like Native Instruments Reaktor. For configuration, see XXXXX.
- OSC Input: optionally updating PERFORMER's visuals as you adjust parameters on your computer. More details.
Visual and Behaviour Settings
- Select which bank to configure using the large bank buttons.
- The thinner Active buttons allow you to change the currently displayed bank in the Performance Screen without leaving the Preferences Screen.
- Inertia: Variable setting for smooth morphing transitions when moving the object. Slowest setting is 100, fastest setting is zero (corresponding to no inertia).
- Control Inertia via Ribbon: maps the inertia slider to performance screen ribbon for real-time changes during performance.
- Jump: Object position jumps to touch anywhere on screen.
- Jump Retrigger: When jump mode is enabled, it can send a master touch message if desired.
- Trigger Hold: Sets latch vs momentary action. If enabled, a touch on the central master node latches the output message to 1, to send a zero, "throw" the master. If disabled, a touch on the master only sends out 1 as long as it is being touched.
- Snapshot Retrigger: When pressing a snapshot it can send a master touch message if desired.
- Nodes: number of nodes can be configured per bank.
- Ribbon: show/hide multi-touch ribbon controller at the lower edge of the Performance Screen.
- Labels: show the node labels
- Touch Areas: show the node and master touch recognition areas
- Visualisation options: select up to 3 different simultaneous visuals. If the maximum of three visuals are selected, changing visuals requires deselecting one of the currently selected ones first.
- Clear all snapshots: double-click to erase all of the snapshots in this bank
- Copy settings: copies all Behaviour and Visual preferences from this bank to any other bank


Paternity suit runs into double trouble
It is a paternity suit that not even DNA testing can solve. A five-year-old boy may never know his father's identity because his mother claims she had sex with identical twins at the time he was conceived.
Lawyers admit that the most advanced genetic testing techniques are unlikely to prove which of the twin brothers - in their late twenties - fathered the child. The unprecedented case in Montreal, Canada, is a real-life rerun of a plot twist in Zadie Smith's 2000 novel White Teeth, in which the character Irie Jones has sex with the Iqbal twins on the same day and becomes pregnant.
Whereas siblings usually have enough genetic differences to be told apart, identical twins' DNA is almost exactly the same. Justice Paul Jolin, of the Quebec Superior Court, said of the case: 'There's a high risk that it is impossible to determine who the father is.'
One of the twins, who cannot be named for legal reasons, went to court last summer in the hope of forcing the mother to grant him access to the child. Although his name is not on the birth certificate, he claims he is the only father the boy has known, cared for him every other weekend, provided financial support and was even known to him as 'papa'.
But then the man's relationship with his girlfriend broke down and the visits halted. When he began legal proceedings to prove his paternity, the mother made her claim that she had been sleeping with his twin at around the same time.
The twins have said they knew they were both having sex with the woman, but argue that only one had sex during the period of conception. Both refused to undergo a DNA test: the complainant refused to pay the £335 charge while his brother, who has since married and fathered children, does not consider himself involved in the dispute.
Now, however, Judge Jolin has asked the complainant to take a DNA test by 1 December to ensure he can claim even possible paternity, while his brother may also be tested.
Scientists in Canada have said it is possible for identical twins to have slightly different DNA because of genetic mutations while the embryos are duplicating in the mother's womb at an early stage of pregnancy. But such differences are not detectable with the standard method of testing. Kristine Ashcraft of Genelex, which provides DNA testing, warned: 'There's no way to tell who the father is. They have the same DNA.'
If technology fails to end the mystery, the paternity question may ultimately rest with the judge. Myriam Pamphile, the twins' lawyer, said: 'The other twin is known by the rest of both families as the uncle of the child. The man claiming paternity said he has given financial support to the mother, even when she refused it. He saw the child every two weekends.
'In the best interests of the child, if he had known the first brother to be the father, I would think that the judge would give a decision where he still assumed that responsibility.'
Catherine Bamber, the mother's lawyer, said her client was not committed to either twin. 'The brothers are her friends and had sexual relations with her, but they were never together as a couple,' she said.


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Cows, ducks, hens, tractors and farmer's hat and boots are easy to match on these wooden dominos. Turn them over and play a traditional match the dots domino game. Finished in smooth natural wood these are basic gear that will be used for naming and knowing as well as for matching, stacking, or collapsing games. 28 pieces.
SNAP: Introduce the playing pieces by finding all the cows as a first game, finding all the sheep as another game...etc. Playing a traditional game of dominoes can wait. Knowing and naming and matching builds the readiness for the old-fashioined game. These are nice for stacking and lining up, too.
Age: Toddlers, Preschool. Award Year: 2013.
There are so many concentration style matching games and many of them have beautiful art work. This game is one of the winning choices. Bob Barber, an illustrator did this handsome set with pen, ink, watercolors, cut and torn paper and his computer. The result is a charming collection and each card is labeled with the names of the 36 animals. Though the animals are not realistically drawn they are easy to identify and good for developing language as well as matching skills.
Age: Preschool, Early School Years. Award Year: 2011.
Our testers really enjoyed this new version of the classic game featuring their favorites: Big Bird, Elmo, Abby Cadabby, etc. The colorful cards are made of sturdy, easy-to-pick up stock that will hold up to lots of rounds. Comes with 36 picture cards. As you start introducing this game to younger players, use half the pairs to begin. This kind of memory game builds readiness for matching and recall, skills needed when they start learning to read more abstract symbols like letters and words. Better to start with pictures.
Age: Preschool. Award Year: 2011. Click here to purchase the product on Amazon.com.
Deal the cards and place on card in the Barnyard flipper. First player hits the flipper and that reveals half an animal. Players look at their cards. One player will have the other half of the animal and place it on the barn. Now, that player flips the card and reveals the next animal half. Play continues until one player uses up all of his cards. This can be played by 2-6 players. The name of the animal is printed on both halves for another form of matching. But this is a game that can be played by pre-readers and helps them see part whole relationships as well as learning to take turns. It's fast enough so that players get lots of chances to win a round. Testers liked the action of the card flipper, although sometimes the cards need a little straightening. 4 & up.
Age: Preschool, Early School Years. Award Year: 2010. Click here to purchase the product on Amazon.com.
Age: Preschool. Award Year: 1999.
Age: Preschool. Award Year: 2002.
Age: Preschool,Early School Years. Award Year: 2000.
Age: Preschool. Award Year: 2005.
Age: Preschool. Award Year: 2005.
Each player gets playing pieces that are the colors of the rainbow. A card is drawn that shows the colors in different order. Players race to stack their colors to match the rainbow card. This is a game that calls for visual memory, sequencing and speed, not to mention dexterity. They say 3 & up, we think this would be challenging but fun for older 4's-7.
The company has signed a verification form complying with our safety requirements. We did not independently test this toy in a lab.
Age: Preschool, Early School Years. Award Year: 2009. Click here to purchase the product on Amazon.com.
Oppenheim Toy Portfolio - All Rights Reserved. Oppenheim Toy Portfolio, Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Platinum Award, and Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Blue Chip Award are Registered Trademarks of the Oppenheim Toy Portfolio.
Contact the Toyportfolio by phone at _PHONE_ or by email at _EMAIL_.
Products reviewed by the Oppenheim Toy Portfolio are provided by the manufacturer at their cost. The Oppenheim Toy Portfolio does not require or accept fees for reviewing products.


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2012 Scaup Numbers
Greater and lesser scaup are counted together, because they are difficult to distinguish during aerial surveys. Greater scaup are estimated to constitute roughly 11 percent of the continental scaup population. Scaup populations have steadily declined since the 1980s.
2012: 5.239 million +21% from 2011
2011: 4.319 million
% Change from long-term average: +4%
Learn more about greater scaup and lesser scaup in our waterfowl identification gallery.


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II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF UNSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
As noted in chapter I, NWFP is richly endowed with natural resources including prime agricultural land, a scenic landscape, forests and wildlife, an extensive mineral resource base, an ancient culture, a wide network of rivers and streams, and a diverse climate. Certain of the natural resources, such as forests which protect the watersheds, are of vital importance, both to the province and at the national level. However, NWFP is also facing with several green and brown environmentally-related problems as a result of previous unsustainable development activities. This chapter highlights those environmental problems and issues in the province.


see the requirements 62
Activist Women's Documentary Biopics â€" Angela Davis
The documentary biopic uses archival footage, witness or expert (friend, family, colleague, historian) testimony, news reports, her own words/image â€" to tell the story of a notable woman's life and work. Like the fictionalized biopics that we've seen, it also tells a story and promotes a particular vision of the woman. It often refutes a conventional narrative about her.
Women's biopics have a tendency of deifying the woman â€" Queen Christina and Selena are depicted as goddesses through lighting, angles, surrounded by worshippers, use of triptychs, or of making her very flawed or a complete victimâ€"but how does a film depict an intellectual-revolutionary-activist like Angela Davis who is still around to contribute to her own story?
Angela Davis (1944 – ), a professor at UCLA who belonged to the Communist Party, suddenly gained world notoriety when guns she owned were used in a courtroom shootout in Marin County. After going underground for three months as one of the FBI's ten most wanted suspects, she was arrested and put on trial for three capital crimes. She became an icon of the '60s, embodying people's perceptions of Communists, intellectuals, feminists, Black Power and prisoner activists and revolutionaries.
Again, ask these basic questions to come up with common elements of a documentary women's biopic:
 - Why and how is the childhood of the subject introduced, if it is?
 - What is the subject's legacy (family and ethnic origin, parental issues, previous tragedy, socioeconomic background)?
 - What stage(s) of the subject's life does this biopic emphasize most?
 - How is the subject's appearance, and maintenance of it, significant to the film?
 - How does the film show that the subject is remarkable, different from the rest?
 - Is the subject cursed or burdened by some recurring force?
 - What is the role of music in the woman's life, whether it's a defining element or just used in the film?
 - What is the basic plot of this biopic? How are the events of her life narrated into a story?
 - Who are the most important members of the subject's inner circle (family, friends, associates)?
 - [documentaries] Who are the most memorable witnesses of the woman's life and actions?
 - What is the subject's relationship with her public, if there is one?
 - What objects, symbols, animals, people, words recur in this biopic?
 - What is the role of romantic love in the subject's life? The role of sexuality?
 - Does the film trace the subject's transformation? If so, what kind?
 - How do other characters fight over the subject, and for what reasons?
 - What is the takeaway about this woman's life?
 - How strong are traces of other genre filmsâ€"epic, war, romantic comedy, melodramaâ€"in this biopic?
View Free Angela and All Political Prisoners (USA: Shola Lynch, 2012; Amazon Prime Video, YouTube$, Vudu, Google Play, DVD1958)
A) Ask 3 discussion questions of your own regarding the film. The questions can be about specific techniques used in specific scenes such as camerawork or voiceover narration, the characters, what being an intellectual or activist entails, the plotline of her life, the way performances or speeches or trials are rendered, unexpected outcomes, montage sequences, the ending.
B) Answer 3 discussion questions posed by other students.
other students post for part B ( should answer his three questions):
A. My Questions
1. This movie uses a lot of archival footage to tell Angelaâ€™s story as well as the story for the struggle of civil rights, do you find this more impactful than other documentary movies that would only use reenactments/reconstructions of events?
2. Quite a few of the interviewees were journalists, but not historians. Why do you think journalists were used for their stories instead of historians in this documentary?
3. Whatâ€™s the effect of the music during the montage 28 minutes into the movie, during the shootout images?
In the Ben Marks article, itâ€™s mentioned that political figures or icons of powerful movements tend to have their images take on a life of their own and eventually become removed from the root cause that created the original imagery. Itâ€™s a problem that persists in societies and cultures today, where if you arenâ€™t seen supporting the imagery itâ€™s assumed youâ€™re against it. It creates a problem where people â€œsupportâ€ issues they donâ€™t understand, and then try to speak of them, and only perpetuate misinformation. An interesting conversation would be for all the people that own Angela Davis merchandise, or even items relating to other movements, if they truly understand what theyâ€™re supporting, and if theyâ€™re doing anything else to support than just owning a poster or shirt. The key component of the word activist is active.
In Professor Lodenâ€™s article itâ€™s said that director Lynch was waiting for marketers to ask her to change the title of the documentary, but that it never happened. This poses a great conversation about Angela Davis and the struggles of people of color in general: why is it that when their stories are told they consistently face issues with censorship and suppression, even today? Think about BLM, and how suddenly there were all lives, or blue lives. Censorship of struggles and power from non-whites have been prevalent in journalism and history for centuries, and it would be an interesting conversation to talk about how it persists now, especially in conjunction with Angelaâ€™s story and how not everyone was taught it or knows about it.
C) Respond to at least one other student's response with polite agreement or disagreement, giving evidence for your point of view.
students's post for part C:(should reponse to this ):
1. Why do you think that even in counter cultural movements, women continue to take a back seat to the male leaders (which is why Angela Davis didn't like the Black Panther party and other parties she volunteered at)?
2. How come communism was (and still is) such a controversial topic and actually got Angela Davis in trouble with UCLA for trying to teach because she was a member of the communist party?
3. Why did the law makers project the "imaginary enemy" onto Davis? Why do individuals to that and thus dog pile onto one individual?
Ben Mark's article talked about how the graphic designs for Davis took on a life of its own and how that made her into an icon. In the end, Mark talked to Davis and she both regards her icon status as both a blessing and a burden. This is very true when an image of a celebrity takes on a life of its own and they cannot control it. At the end, the article says "the phrase on her posters evolved from â€œFree Angela Davisâ€ to â€œFree Angela Davis and All Political Prisoners.â€ So I would say that message is for the better. However, in some cases a political poster can be parodied, even sometimes for an even worse, bigoted message, rendering it more of a joke and trailing it off from the original message.
Frako Loden's article talks about how the film has a "gaze is firmly on Davis herself and explores the complex woman inside the icon." Documentaries really do have a gaze, like film, as you can see in this documentary. The audience sees a lot of archival footage on Davis and there is a lot of interviews with Davis herself. So, documentary and narrative filmmaking are not so different at all in that they both have a gaze, tone and focus of some kind, which is so important in telling a story and making sure the story is not too biased in the case of a documentary.
D) Read:
Comment on something in these readings that would pertain to an interesting discussion of Free Angela and All Political Prisoners. So, two comments.


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I recently did a CS3 SmartTalks webinar on HR Actions and it made me take a step back and think about a lot of things. Most of all: why would I use HR Actions instead of paper forms? Here are my top reasons for using HR Actions instead of a paper form:
- On a paper form the person filling it out can just skip fields that might be really important. HR Actions allows you to mark the required fields that you want the form user to populate.
- On a paper form the person that fills it out can just put anything in the boxes. HR Actions give the form user a customized drop down list of items for them to select from.
- On a paper form if the person filling it out has questions about who needs to approve it, they will probably have to call around to find out where to send it next. HR Actions shows the forms routing at the bottom of the form based on the forms requirements and any business rules you setup in the system.
- Once someone starts filling out a form, you don't know how long it is in the 'paper' shuffle before it finally makes it to the HR/PR department. It could have gotten side tracked many places along the way and stuck on a desk of someone on vacation. HR Actions allow the form initiator, anyone approving the form, and the HR/PR team to see where form is at, if it is stuck, and allows the HR/PR team to help a form along if it does get stuck somewhere.
- A paper form has to be entered into the HR/PR system. HR Actions is just a click of the 'Save' icon to save it into Sage HRMS or Abra Suite.
- The data keyed into the HR/PR system could have typos done. HR Actions is keying in by the form initiator, and the HR/PR team can 'audit' the form to make any corrections they find.
- Once the form is entered into the HR/PR system, the next step is usually filing the paper. Later when you need to find it you have to go to the paper files and find it.
- HR Actions is your 'online file cabinet.' Imagine if all of your personnel related forms went through HR Actions - you would be able to retrieve items online instead of going to the file cabinet.
That's my list. Let me know if you have other reasons you can think of that HR Actions is better than a paper form.


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Virginia Woolf's Women
A work of original and detailed research this is the first biography to concentrate exclusively on Woolf's close and inspirational female friendships... Show synopsis A work of original and detailed research this is the first biography to concentrate exclusively on Woolf's close and inspirational female friendships with the key women in her life. Vanessa Curtis looks both at the effect of these relationships on her emotional life and the inspiration that each woman provided for the female protagonists in her fiction. Women inspired and fascinated Woolf until the day she died, evoking not only her loyalty, love and wit, but also anger, envy and insecurity. The author begins by exposing the lesser-known details of Woolf's Victorian childhood, spent underneath the suffocating wings of the 'angels in the house' who instilled in her a lifelong battle between creativity and convention. The journey continues with a study of the other unique women in Woolf's life: her silent sister, Vanessa Bell; enigmatic artist Dora Carrington; complex writer Katherine Mansfield; aristocratic novelist Vita Sackville-West and riotous, militant composer Ethel Smyth. Virginia Woolf's Women takes the reader on an intimate journey through the most important female relationships of Woolf's life, drawing on much previously unpublished archive correspondence and photography, ultimately revealing an honest portrait of Virginia Woolf as writer, daughter, sister, lover and friend.


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This page lists climate science and climate impact claims that have either not been proven, or have had the claim modified, moved, or expanded to protect the claimant from having to admit the original claim was wrong.
This will always be a work in progress. New items will be added as they are examined and will include:
- The claim itself – what was stated as factual or predicted? A clear unambiguous statement, such as "50 million climate refugees by 2010″
- Proof of the original claim – website, documents, photos, audio, video that clearly and unambiguously show the claim being made sometime in the past.
- A test of the of the claim, and the results – website, documents, photos, audio, video that clearly and unambiguously show the claim not coming true or not meeting the claim.
- Proof of change in the claim (if applicable) – often, when the claim fails to materialize, goalposts get moved, such as we saw with the "50 million climate refugees" story that was originally set with a due date of 2010, is now set for the year 2020.
The Claim: 50 million climate refugees will be produced by climate change by the year 2010. Especially hard hit will be river delta areas, and low lying islands in the Caribbean and Pacific. The UN 62nd General assembly in July 2008 said: …it had been estimated that there would be between 50 million and 200 million environmental migrants by 2010.
The Test: Did population go down in these areas during that period, indicating climate refugees were on the move? The answer, no.
The Proof: Population actually gained in some Caribbean Island for which 2010 census figures were available. Then when challenged on these figures, the UN tried to hide the original claim from view. See: The UN "disappears" 50 million climate refugees, then botches the disappearing attempt
The Change in claim: Now it is claimed that it will be 10 years into the future, and there will be 50 million refugees by the year 2020.


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A digital model of a bear was converted into a 3D printed cardboard sculpture. It's polygon sides create the contours of a landscape, illustrating the idea of migration. It represents the crossing of environments and a temporary shift in the daily landscape. The sculpture formed part of the exhibition 'Pop - up Culture' at The Design Museum in Holland. It was later bought by the museum and resides there as part of their permanent collection.
Collaboration Vinke Display


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(CNN) -- When discussing his favorite images from the "Greatest Photographs of the American West" traveling photography exhibit, National Museum of Wildlife Art president James McNutt, who curated the exhibit, starts with the oldest: William Henry Jackson's "Mountain of the Holy Cross."
Taken in Colorado on August 24, 1873, the photograph would become as legendary as the mountain itself -- not for the effort it took to get the picture, but for what it signified to a country healing from the Civil War and pushing ever westward.
Hauling hundreds of pounds of photo equipment up to a vantage point on an opposite ridge to capture snow-filled crevasses that created a perfect vertical cross on the mountain face, Jackson produced an image that, according to McNutt's introduction in the exhibit's companion book, came to symbolize "the union of America, Nature and God that fulfilled a romantic destiny."
Jackson's famous shot became one of the country's favorite photographs of the 19th century and effectively introduced photography in the West.
It's just one of the thousands McNutt and his curatorial team of Rich Clarkson, Adam Harris and Kate Brainerd considered from the National Geographic archives when putting together a landmark exhibition that's currently on display at select museums around the country (see below).
The final cut -- winnowed to 185 images for the show and 75 for the award-winning book -- shows the West's myriad faces thematically grouped into Legends, Encounters, Boundaries and Visions, corralling into categories an epic visual record of almost a century and a half of exploration of the American West with the camera.
There are cowboys and debutantes, Northern spotted owls and bison, cityscapes and pueblos, mesas and dams, gathering storms and controlled burns.
From early documentary efforts like Edward S. Curtis' celebrated North American Indian portraits to David Alan Harvey's contemporary impressions of modern Native life, from the pristine glories of awe-inspiring landscapes to the gritty exploitation of the region's resource wealth, McNutt's opus is both a loving gaze at the magnificence that attracts so many to the West, and an unblinking eye on the pressing challenges of keeping the romance alive.
"Greatest Photographs of the American West" 2013 exhibition dates
Booth Western Art Museum, Cartersville, Ga.; through March 10
Buffalo Bill Historical Center, Cody, Wyo.; through August 11
National Museum of Wildlife Art, Jackson Hole, Wyo.; through August 11
Rockwell Museum of Western Art, Corning, N.Y.; through September 15
At the end of summer, the exhibition begins traveling again.
For more information visit _URL_.
To see the exhibition online visit _URL_
All "Greatest Photographs of the American West" images above used courtesy of the National Geographic Society.


Young People Struggle To Keep Friends Close As Pandemic Pulls Them Apart
1 hour ago
Emma Fritschel, 25, and Evelyn Wang, 23, met on the first day of their freshman year as roommates almost six years ago and have been inseparable ever since.
But then the COVID-19 pandemic strained their relationship in ways they had never before experienced.
"Things were really tense between us for reasons that we both kind of came up with in our heads," Wang says. At the heart of it, they were both struggling with communication.
Brought together by a similar interest in visual art and fashion, they experienced many traditional milestones together, including graduation from college and beginning their professional careers.
Wang and Fritschel live in New York City and Cambridge, Mass., respectively. After graduation, they made a habit of visiting each other once a month to keep in contact until the pandemic slowed down travel and they were robbed of the short weekends they spent together. Their friendship, like many others, switched to purely virtual.
For Fritschel and Wang, a crucial part of their dynamic prior to the pandemic was being in each other's presence. When that element disappeared, both had to grapple with a question: What does their friendship mean now with barriers and pandemic restrictions limiting their ability to be in the same space?
"Vulnerable and upset"
"Postgrad," a transitional — and often challenging — period that recent college graduates encounter as they enter the workforce or move on to the next step of their lives, has been exacerbated by the pandemic. Many college graduates are struggling to find jobs in the worst economic recession in modern American history. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 46.7% of young people ages 16 to 24 were employed in July 2020, a decrease from 56.2% reported during the same time in 2019.
Emma Fritschel and Evelyn Wang, friends since freshman year, had to navigate a completely virtual friendship for the first time due to the pandemic
Emma Fritschel and Evelyn Wang
The prolonging of the transition amid a tough economy and shrinking of social interactions has its emotional toll. A study conducted by the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention found that 46% of surveyed young people ages 18 to 24 reported feeling symptoms of anxiety and stressor-related disorders due to the pandemic. Out of all age groups, young people reported the highest percentage.
A report released by Making Caring Common, a Harvard Graduate School of Education Project, indicated that more than 1 in 3 Americans said they experienced "serious loneliness" during the pandemic, but young adults are feeling it the most at 61%.
During the pandemic, Wang moved out of her family home. She got a new job and adopted a dog as well. Fritschel felt left out of those life updates, and Wang, in return, was feeling conscious of the fact that they both have moved on in their lives, and seemingly without each other.
"These big moments were happening and they were passing us by and I wasn't a part of it," Fritschel says. "I think each of us and in our minds would be happy for the other person, but also vulnerable and upset."
As the pandemic's restrictions' stretched on, both Wang and Fritschel's insecurities about their relationship started to bubble. Even when they finally saw each other, months later, socially distanced in a park, it was not the same. Fritschel describes it as "damaging" to the friendship. Wang agrees, saying that she kept thinking about how to maintain boundaries and stay safe.
Eventually, they had a big argument discussing the insecurities that festered over the course of the last year, mainly about their friendship, but also about each other's artistic skills.
"It turns out that my insecurities that I thought were insane, were actually the exact same that Emma was feeling," Wang says. "That's crazy that we both feel this way," she reflects.
Fritschel contends that it was often hard to express negative feelings because it takes attention away from the other person.
Maya Lee, 24, embraced virtual connection with her close friendships, but there is still some things she doesn't want to talk about
Maya Lee
Postgrad tensions "amplified"
Maya Lee, 24, from Indianapolis, Ind., had a similar experience. Although she has successfully kept in touch with her close-knit friends virtually, sometimes, she feels unsure about discussing certain topics in their limited phone time, like her recent transition to medical school.
"I have a lot of negative things to say as of late. That's just genuinely how I'm feeling. And I own that," Lee says. She does not want to bring herself or any of her friends down, even though she knows that would probably not be the case.
As a graduate of the class of 2019, she says that even before the pandemic, the year after graduation can be a somewhat hard experience to navigate for some.
Clare Mclnerney, 23, a 2020 graduate from Scarsdale, N.Y., who currently works as a first grade teacher intern, says that the pandemic amplified natural tensions between her recent college graduate circles during the post-graduation transition.
Clare Mclnerney, 23, a graduate of class of 2020, reflects on the challenges maintaining friendships for recent graduates
David Gold / Clare Mclnerney
For Mclnerney, one of the main challenges to maintaining friendships right now, is navigating how each person is in a completely different-and-equally-valuable place.
"People are feeling insecure about where they are in terms of the job search, in terms of the housing search," Mclnerney says. "It all just really compounds when you add the pandemic."
She adds that the "tension of not knowing what to share and what people want to hear about and what's going to make them anxious" can be especially tricky to navigate. Therefore, she realized that connecting through games or watching movies can ease the impact of those stressors on friendships.
Mclnerney mentions that she sometimes feels guilty because she enjoys her job and is mostly doing well given the circumstances, which is perceived to be not very common among recent graduates at the moment.
Jonah Andreatta, a middle and high school band director, reflects on how the pandemic has put a pause on social and professional life
Thomas Neidecker / Jonah Andreatta
Loss of prime time
Jonah Andreatta, 23, from Lexington, Ky., a middle school and high school band director, found ways to connect with friends virtually, but still feels a loss. The "romanticized" version of early 20s adulthood contradicts with life under the pandemic.
"Here we are at this young age wanting to start things, wanting to go out into the world and try everything and be young and travel and see each other," Andreatta says. "But we are stuck in our apartments."
For Wang and Fritschel, they knew that their friendship was too important to lose, and after their argument, the friendship rebounded stronger than ever.
They also found new ways to connect besides the occasional zoom chat and are currently working on an art project together.
"You can't just assume that things are good because you know that you love each other. That is not enough," Wang says, reflecting on the experience of maintaining a long-distance friendship during the pandemic.
"You still have to maintain the relationship. If you care about that person, you put in work."
Hadia Bakkar is an intern on the NPR's National Desk.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit


text:
Impurities in Natural Hydrocarbons
Many oil and gas fields around the world contain impurities that influence the commercial value of the field.
We provide you with the full spectrum of the testing required to identify non-hydrocarbon impurities, trace compounds and Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene and Xylene (BETX) levels.
SGS specializes in advanced analytical capabilities to ensure you maximize production from your field, reduce the potential for corrosion and limit the impact of naturally occurring greenhouse gases. Our laboratories combine ASTM standard methods with advanced testing so you can be confident you will receive accurate and representative results when you outsource your analytical requirements to SGS.
Impurities in natural hydrocarbons
Advanced analytical instruments such as FPD GC analysis, mass spectrometry, XRF, XRD and SEM give us the tools to identify almost any naturally-occurring impurities in hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon deposits collected from the field. Our analytical background over a broad range of fluids and production systems gives you the added benefit of knowledgeable interpretations and experienced advice.
SGS offers on-site trace sulfur speciation by GC-FPD and continuous mercury monitoring by Sir Galahad. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen content in natural hydrocarbons, important for controlling greenhouse gas emission levels and for process equipment design, are measured by conventional GPA GC methods. BETX levels are a common environmental concern and are closely regulated with respect to emissions from amine treatment and dehydration operations. SGS utilizes chromatography methods specifically designed to quantify these, and other, aromatic components at low concentrations for both crude oil and natural gas production facilities. We also provide treated sample cylinders to assure minimal loss of trace compounds during transit for samples shipped to our fixed laboratories.
Our services include:
- Radon testing of hydrocarbon gases and liquids
- Low-level continuous mercury content measurements
- Extended natural gas compositions including H2S, He, Ar, N2, CO2
- Speciation of trace sulfur components by GC-FPD
- BETX analysis by high-resolution chromatography
Contact us now for more information on how we can help you understand the impurities in your hydrocarbons.


text:
What does BIU stand for?
BIU stands for BikeTrial International Union
This definition appears somewhat frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories:
- Organizations, NGOs, schools, universities, etc.
See other definitions of BIU
We have 24 other meanings of BIU in our Acronym Attic
- Basic Income Unit
- Basic Information Unit
- Basic Interface Unit
- Beach Interface Unit (US DoD)
- Beat It Up
- Beirut Islamic University
- Belarusian Insurance Union
- Benson Idahosa University
- Berkeley International University (Delaware)
- Bibliothèque Interuniversitaire


cash value life insuranceYou know you need life insurance, but you're not sure how much you need to leave your survivors.
There is some disagreement among experts about how much is enough, including some who say to multiply your income and others suggest just buying enough life insurance to cover your present debts.
Those solutions won't give you the right answer. Simply put, calculating your life insurance needs requires you to:
 - Conduct an inventory of your finances
 - Think about how your beneficiaries would maintain their lifestyles -- that includes paying the mortgage and bills -- without you
 - Remember about future expenses, such as college education for your children
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How NOT to figure out your life insurance needs
What's the wrong way to calculate how much life insurance you need? Here are some common but misguided methods.
Don't multiply your annual salary by seven or eight. While it's a simple formula, it fails to take into account your individual needs and obligations. Life insurance experts say there's a good chance you'll buy too little coverage or more coverage than you need by using a formula such as this.
Don't calculate your "human life value." This method uses the income you will earn from your present age until your retirement age, assuming estimated salary increases throughout that period, and then calculates the "present value" of that total.
The present value is an estimate of the amount of income your family would lose if you were to die today. The problem is it does not take into account your beneficiary's specific needs. You may also end up with a figure that indicates you should buy a huge amount of life insurance, possibly more than you may need.
"Focusing on any one aspects of an individual's financial life can create problems," says Michael Snowdon, financial planner and coach at Snowdon Financial Solutions in Parker, Colo.
Simply replacing future earnings is a little too simplistic an approach to an otherwise complex financial concern. It's far better to work through a needs analysis to determine what needs actually exist and then work to meet those needs.
Don't just cover your debts. This method involves buying only enough life insurance to cover debts, such as your mortgage, student loan bills or car loans. It does not consider any future debts or needs, such as childcare or college education costs.
A classic formula for life insurance
Many experts say the best way to calculate the amount of life insurance you need is through a needs analysis, which can be broken down into a simple formula:
Short-term needs + long-term needs - resources = how much life insurance you need.
Snowdon says this method is "probably the most accurate approach in what is an inaccurate and imprecise science."
Experts advise you analyze your situation at least once every three years, or whenever you have had a major life change. For example, if you have a new baby, you have to recalculate college education needs and child-care costs. If you own a home, a mortgage is likely your biggest financial burden. Because your mortgage balance decreases with each payment, it's important to include those revised figures in your calculations.
Five steps to a life insurance needs analysis
A must-know: The equation for the future value of money
Calculating your life insurance needs will require two equations you may have picked up in Finance 101: the future and present value of money.
The future value of money equation tells you how much your money will be worth in a given number of years at a specified rate of interest. This equation is essential if you are calculating how much money you'll need in the future because of inflation, or what the amount would be if you choose to invest the money at a given interest rate.
The present value of money equation tells you what money payable in the future is worth today at a given rate of interest. This is important if you have an amount of money you need in the future, and you need to know how much money you must invest today to achieve it.
If this sounds complex to you, don't fret. As long as you have a calculator (preferably a financial calculator, which is used by accountants and finance professionals), these equations are no sweat.
Here's how the future value of money equation works: Say that average college education costs are $20,000 annually for a private four-year institution, and you want to figure out how much it will cost in four years if college costs keep going up 5 percent per year. You would multiply 20,000 by 1.05 (1 represents the present cost, and.05 is 5 percent inflation) four times (or 1.05 to the fourth power).
So your equation would be this:
20,000 x (1.05)^4
20,000 x (1.05)(1.05) (1.05)(1.05)
The answer is $24,310.13
 1. Add up all of your short-term needs. You can place these into three categories: final expenses, outstanding debts, and emergency expenses.
 Among final expenses are medical, hospital, and funeral expenses, attorney and executor fees, probate court costs, and any outstanding taxes that would need to be paid if you died.
 Among typical outstanding debts are credit card balances, auto loans, college loans, and all other outstanding bills.
 Emergency expenses should include a cash reserve for medical emergencies and repairs to your home or car.
 Calculating final and emergency expenses can be complicated because you don't know exactly how you'll need for medical or hospital expenses, but give your best estimates.
 Calculating final and emergency expenses can be complicated, because you don't have a crystal ball that tells you how much your medical or hospital expenses will be, or if you even will have any.
 2. Add up your long-term obligations, including your mortgage and future college tuition.
 Calculating an education fund is tricky because you have no idea where your children may go to college. Perhaps the best method is to use the present average college cost in the United States and the number of years away your children are from entering college. According to The College Board, tuition can vary from $36,000 for a public, four-year institution to $120,000 or more for a private, four-year institution.
 3. Calculate family maintenance expenses. These include such necessities as child care, food, clothing, utility bills, entertainment, travel, and transportation. Calculate this figure based on a year's worth of expenses, then multiply that times the number of years you want to provide this income.
 4. Now that you've tallied all of your income needs, figure out what resources you have to meet them. To do this, add all available savings, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, the death benefit payable under existing life insurance (such as group life through your employer), and Social Security. You and your spouse can find out how much you'll get through the Social Security Administration (SSA) by visiting the SSA's Web site, where you can get an estimate of how much you should have in Social Security benefits.
 It's important to count only liquid assets (those you can quickly convert to cash) among your resources. You shouldn't count items like your home or automobile because selling them for cash after you die would mean changing your family's lifestyle.
 5. Subtract your resources from the amount of capital needed to meet your family's total financial needs. The figure you get represents the amount of life insurance you should buy.
Don't be daunted by life insurance numbers
Snowdon says the final figure that shows how much life insurance you need can be quite unnerving. If you end up with a figure that requires a premium that is too high, he recommends you go through the analysis again and select areas in which you think your family can get by with less money.
"Many people will think they can't afford coverage based on sticker shock," Snowdon says. "You have to look at the figure again to determine what is absolutely necessary and make your adjustments."
Shop for life insurance
Once you figure out how much life insurance you need, it's critical that you shop around to find the best policy for you. It doesn't matter what type of life insurance you buy or the size of your policy. Life insurance can vary by price and policy depending on the company. So, once you've decided what you need, get quotes from multiple life insurance companies. You should also check the company's ratings. One place to check is Insure's Best Life Insurance Companies.


Getting comfortable with demoing VR
And more importantly, making your users feel comfortable when trying the experience.
We recently held a client workshop looking into how they can integrate immersive technologies into their work, and when it's right to do so.
A theme emerged from conversations with the attendees on responsible xR and making the person in the experience comfortable and safe. In this guide, we'll discuss managing expectations, and how to put people at ease, as well as making it as safe as possible for them.
Now before we get into things, it's important to understand the importance of your role when demoing an experience. The user, often a complete stranger is putting their trust in you when they have two senses removed for a short time. With both their vision and hearing overwritten by the experience, it's natural to feel unsure about it.
1) Safe space
Before even approaching someone asking them if they'd like to try your experience, ensure that the space you have is safe and ready to go.
That means; ensuring the space is large enough for the experience itself and moving all furniture away from the demo, and that the experience is set up in the way it was intended (eg, if the experience is a rollercoaster, these are sat down. Yes, it makes the experience feel more realistic, but it's also a safety protocol to prevent people from falling over when you approach a tight corner).
These might sound silly and basic but are by far the most important part. Safety should be taken seriously when someone is putting their trust in you to look after them.
2) Explain, explain, explain
With people's senses overwritten, it's important you first explain to them what the experience and what's going to happen whilst they're in it (even if it's a secret as to what will happen in the experience, at least let them know where they'll be or what they'll see when they initially put on the headset).
Let's not forget that often people's first experience of 'VR' is a low res 360 video they downloaded online on a Google Cardboard they got given at a conference. It's hardly surprising that many people's first reaction when asked to "try our new VR experience" is "no".
And on that note, don't pressure people into doing it. A little gentle encouragement never hurt anyone, but forcing someone into it could actually hurt them.
3) Keep your focus
Making people comfortable doesn't stop once they've entered the experience. It's important for you, as their eyes and ears in the real world to ensure they're safe. This means redirecting people away from the space, stopping friends wanting to scare or push their friends and moving hazards such as wires attached the headset so they don't trip.
4) Be their coach
Remember that you're the expert in this situation and they look to you for guidance and help. It's important you familiarise yourself with the experience and have plenty of practice knowing how to deal with confusing situations or dilemmas.
Imagine you're their coach or mentor. Your job is not to tell them what to do but to help them get through it if they need your help.
5) No sudden endings
And lastly, when the experience finishes, be sure that the participant takes the headset off themselves. It's extremely unsettling for the world around you to be lifted up as the person demoing removes the headset from your face. It's okay to ask the participant to remove the headset, just make sure they do it themselves!
Make Real make VR and immersive digital products for learning, change and serious fun. If you are interested in exploring how we can work together, please get in touch –
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text:
October 13, 2009
Elections Code Section 52710, we have reviewed the proposed initiative
regarding Christmas music in public primary and secondary schools (A.G.
File No. 09‑0030).
The current Supreme Court interpretation of the
First Amendment allows public schools to study religious practices,
including holidays, if the tone of the education is not devotional in
nature. That is, art, literature, or music with religious themes may be
presented if they serve the academic goals of the school but may not be
used as a vehicle to promote religious belief. Additionally, school
concerts that present a variety of musical selections may include
Given existing law and judicial interpretation,
schools currently are able to offer Christmas music curricula if the
curricula are used for academic rather than devotional purposes. In
California, the funding for such curricula likely comes from schools'
Proposition 98 funding allocations. Proposition 98 provides a guaranteed
minimum amount of funding for K-14 education.
Requires Christmas Music Curricula.
This measure requires that all public elementary and secondary schools
offer opportunities for its pupils to listen to and/or perform Christmas
music. Schools are further required to provide appropriate notice to
parents and guardians as well as offer alternatives to the Christmas
music curricula should some students choose not to participate. These
opportunities are to be provided during an art or social studies class,
an assembly, or both, at the seasonally appropriate time.
Impact on State School Costs. This
initiative would have no fiscal impact at the state level because it
does not affect Proposition 98 funding levels.
Impact on Local School District Costs.
At the local level, all school districts likely would incur some
additional costs due to the parental notification requirement. Districts
also could incur costs to provide students opportunities to listen to
and/or perform Christmas music and to oversee those students who decide
to opt out of listening to Christmas music. These annual costs, which
would vary by district, probably would be minor.
Summary of Fiscal Effects
This measure would have the following fiscal
Probably minor annual costs to school districts.
Return to Initiatives and Propositions
Return to Legislative Analyst's Office Home Page


text:
The contributors at Principia Labs have demonstrated a method of controlling four (or more) servos from a PC running python and an Arduino board. Their reason for doing so was to create a base software stack that could be built upon for any other python script. As shown in the video below they have found several uses, including joystick control of the servos:
Thinking of embedding an Arduino-compatible board in your next project? Consider using the Freetronics LeoStick:
Apart from being one of the smallest Arduino-compatibles on the market with USB, it also has an onboard RGB LED and piezo which can be used a knock sensor and various tune and sound effects. Plus you can add extra circuitry with the matching protostick! For more information and to order, click here.


text:
Solar Collector Could Change Asphalt Roads Into Renewable Energy Source
Anyone who has walked barefoot across a parking lot on a hot summer day knows that blacktop is exceptionally good at soaking up the sun's warmth. Now, a research team at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) has found a way to use that heat-soaking property for an alternative energy source.
Through asphalt, the researchers are developing a solar collector that could turn roads and parking lots into ubiquitous—and inexpensive—sources of electricity and hot water.
The research project, which was undertaken at the request of Michael Hulen, president of Novotech Inc. in Acton, Mass, which holds a patent on the concept of using the heat absorbed by pavements, is being directed by Rajib Mallick, associate professor of civil and environmental engineering.
On Monday, Aug. 18, 2008, team member Bao-Liang Chen, a PhD candidate at WPI, will present the results of research aimed at evaluating the potential for transforming stretches of asphalt into a cost-effective energy source at the annual symposium of the International Society for Asphalt Pavements in Zurich, Switzerland. The study looks not only at how well asphalt can collect solar energy, but at the best way to construct roads and parking lots to maximize their heat-absorbing qualities.
"Asphalt has a lot of advantages as a solar collector," Mallick says. "For one, blacktop stays hot and could continue to generate energy after the sun goes down, unlike traditional solar-electric cells. In addition, there is already a massive acreage of installed roads and parking lots that could be retrofitted for energy generation, so there is no need to find additional land for solar farms. Roads and lots are typically resurfaced every 10 to 12 years and the retrofit could be built into that cycle. Extracting heat from asphalt could cool it, reducing the urban "heat island' effect. Finally, unlike roof-top solar arrays, which some find unattractive, the solar collectors in roads and parking lots would be invisible."
Mallick and his research team, which also includes Sankha Bhowmick of UMass, Dartmouth, studied the energy-generating potential of asphalt using computer models and by conducting smalland large-scale tests. The tests were conducted on slabs of asphalt in which were imbedded thermocouples, to measure heat penetration, and copper pipes, to gauge how well that heat could be transferred to flowing water. Hot water flowing from an asphalt energy system could be used "as is" for heating buildings or in industrial processes, or could be passed through a thermoelectric generator to produce electricity.
In the lab, small slabs were exposed to halogen lamps, simulating sunlight. Larger slabs were set up outdoors and exposed to more realistic environmental conditions, including direct sunlight and wind. The tests showed that asphalt absorbs a considerable amount of heat and that the highest temperatures are found a few centimeters below the surface. This is where a heat exchanger would be located to extract the maximum amount of energy. Experimenting with various asphalt compositions, they found that the addition of highly conductive aggregates, like quartzite, can significantly increase heat absorption, as can the application of a special paint that reduces reflection.
Finally, Mallick says the team concluded that the key to successfully turning asphalt into an effective energy generator will replacing the copper pipes used in the tests with a specially designed, highly efficient heat exchanger that soaks up the maximum amount of the heat absorbed by asphalt. "Our preliminary results provide a promising proof of concept for what could be a very important future source of renewable, pollution-free energy for our nation. And it has been there all along, right under our feet."


French government renames Twitter hashtag
France's official state documents will now adopt the phrase "mot dièse" to refer to the social networking symbol
French government renames Twitter hashtag
Written By
Sacré bleu! The French government have moved to protect their nation from the sinister Anglicising effect of Twitter by replacing the word "hashtag" with their own Gallic term "mot-dièse", which translates as "sharp word".
The Commission Génerale de Terminologie et de Néologie – a government agency solely responsible for the preservation of the French language – has made it a legal requirement that the French equivalent to the English term be used in all official government legislation and correspondence. French Twitter users will also be encouraged to adopt the new word, although any decision to revert to the use of "hashtag" will not be deemed an illegal offence.
Back in 2003, the same agency attempted to replace the word "email" with the French equivalent, "courriel", with limited success. "Mot dièse" doesn't exactly trip off the tongue so it remains to be seen whether the French will adopt it into their vernacular. _TAG_


text:
Information Rights Management
Applies to: Exchange Server 2010
Topic Last Modified: 2009-12-07
- Understanding Information Rights Management
Learn about Information Rights Management (IRM), and how it helps you to protect sensitive messaging content.
- Understanding Transport Protection Rules
Learn how you can apply IRM-protection to messages based on your organization's messaging policy and content inspection.
- Understanding Outlook Protection Rules
Learn how you can automatically apply IRM protection to messages in Outlook 2010 based on recipient, department, or message scope.
- Understanding Transport Decryption
Learn how Exchange 2010 helps you apply messaging policies by decrypted IRM-protected content.
- Understanding Journal Report Decryption
Learn how Exchange 2010 helps you comply with regulations by journaling IRM-protected messages.
- Understanding Information Rights Management in Outlook Web App
Learn how Exchange 2010 allows your users to use IRM in Outlook Web App to read IRM-protected messages and apply IRM protection to messages they send.
- Managing Information Rights Management
Learn how to manage Exchange 2010 IRM features.


text: The proposed Union Pacific Red Rock Classification Yard will be predominantly placed on already developed land. In the map below you will notice that the vast majority of the proposed Classification Yard and industrial park area is in existing farm land. Farmland poses more hazards to desert wildlife through pesticides, fertilizers and run-off. Compared to the land's historical use as farmland, the Classification Yard will actually reduce chemical hazards to wildlife. The Classification Yard will not be displacing wildlife or introducing foreign chemicals into the environment in the same way agricultural fields would.