These Tips Will Help You Clean Your Dishwasher
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dishwasher cleaning tips
When you're looking for ways to keep your dishwasher clean, it's easy to get overwhelmed. With so many different products and methods out there, it can be hard to know which one is best for your machine. But don't worry! We've got the answers right here.
First things first: If you have a modern dishwasher that cleans itself automatically, then all you need are water and vinegar. Fill up the bottom tray with hot water and pour in some white vinegar or lemon, set the cleaning cycle on and you're good to go.
If you don't have a dishwasher that cleans itself, then read on for more tips.
Read more: Best Dishwashers For Less Than $700
Why you should clean your dishwasher?
As you use your dishwasher, the bits of food and smaller food particles get caught in the grates and start to decompose. The buildup from detergent and soap can also lead to bacteria building up on surfaces inside your dishwasher. Having a bacteria farm living inside of the machine that washes the dishes that you eat from doesn't sound too appetizing, doesn't it?
How To Clean A Dishwasher
Cleaning a dishwasher is as easy as: fill it with warm water, add some baking soda or white vinegar for an extra cleaning boost (mixing them together before adding will make this easier), turn it on its hottest setting if possible, and let it go through a washing cycle.
After the cycle is finished you should rinse out the dishwasher and then wipe down all of the surfaces with a rag or cloth to remove any remaining residue.
The key to cleaning a dishwasher is to do it as often as possible. If you have hard water, consider using lemon juice in the bottom of the dishwasher instead of vinegar or baking soda.
If you're cleaning your dishwasher by hand, make sure to start from the top and work your way down. This will prevent any soap scum from building up on the machine as you keep cleaning. Then, add a cup of vinegar and let it sit for an hour before starting the dishwasher. Vinegar will remove hard water deposits from the appliance.
To clean the spray arms, start by pulling out the bottom rack. Spray with water and then remove any food particles. Use a toothbrush to scrub it and put it back in place when you're done.
How often should I clean my dishwasher?
Depending on how often you use your dishwasher, clean it at least once a year. If you don't use it as much or have hard water, then you should try to do so every few months or whenever there is leftover food in the bottom of the appliance.
What should I use for cleaning my dishwasher?
There are a few different ways to clean your dishwasher. Some people like to use hot water and soap, others use the heat cycle and some use white vinegar or baking soda. There is no one way that will work for everyoneso you should experiment with all of these options to see what works best for you!
Are dishwasher cleaning products any good?
You can buy an automatic dishwasher cleaner from the store if you don't want to mess around with any chemicals. They come in a variety of scents as well, so you can pick one that you like the best. One thing to keep in mind is that if your dishwasher doesn't clean well, it may be a mechanical issue rather than an issue with the dishwasher detergent.
Do self-cleaning filters actually work?
Some dishwashers will clean themselves automatically by using a self-cleaning filter. They use filters that trap food particles and odors so they don't end up all over your dishes the next time you run it.
How do I keep my dishwasher from smelling?
A good way to prevent your dishwasher from smelling is to rinse off the dishes before putting them in the machine and if there are any leftovers, cut up or scrape them into smaller pieces before adding them to the trash.
If there already is a noticeable smell or odor, some vinegar or citrus peels can help to remove it. And if you have hard water, running the dishwasher with a cup of baking soda and a cup of white vinegar can help eliminate odor.


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This paper utilises computerised textual analysis to explore the extent to which both firm and country characteristics influence mandatory and voluntary risk reporting (MRR and VRR) variations both within and between non-financial firms across Germany, the UK and the US, over the period from 2005 to 2010. We find significant variations in MRR and VRR between firms across the three countries. Further, we find, on average, that German firms tend to disclose significantly higher (lower) levels of risk information mandatorily than UK (US) firms. German firms, on average, tend to reveal considerably higher (lower) levels of VRR than US (UK) firms. Our results document that MRR and VRR variations are significantly influenced by systematic risk, the legal system and cultural values.We also find that country and firm characteristics have higher explanatory power over the observed variations in MRR than over those in VRR.
- automated content analysis
- firm and country characteristics
- mandatory and voluntary risk reporting variations
- repeated measures multilevel analysis

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
After building a homebrew x-ray backscatter imager, [Ben Krasnow] realized he had nearly all the components to build his own CT scanner, able to make a 3D model of the inside of a frozen chicken.
Basically, a CT scanner takes dozens of x-rays of an object and reassembles them with the help of fancy algorithms to allow doctors to peer inside a human body. The CT scanners you'll find at your local hospital are monstrous devices, rotating an x-ray tube and sensor around a patient with the help of some very heavy duty electromechanical engineering. [Ben] wanted to keep his build rather small, so instead of rotating the x-ray tube and screen around an object, he simply made a stepper motor-driven lazy suzan to rotate his frozen bird.
[Ben] set a digital camera off to the side of his build and captured 45 images of a rotating chicken. After correcting for the perspective distortion, the images were thrown into 3D Slicer to create a true 3D representation of a x-rayed chicken.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Setting up a PPP link. Setting up a PPP link between two machines involves several steps: 1. Prepare both of the machines which are to be connected: 1A. Make and install the pppd, pppstats and chat programs. 1B. Install the ppp driver in the kernel. The README.* files give details on this step. 2. Decide on the IP addresses to be used and the level of authentication required by each machine, and set up the /etc/ppp directories accordingly. 3. Set up the serial link between the two machines and run pppd on each machine. The two pppd's then negotiate and set up the link. Step 1 is described in the system-specific README.* files. The remaining steps are described below. Steps 1 and 2 need only be done once; step 3 is done each time the link is to be established. Choosing IP addresses. If a host is already connected to the Internet via a LAN such as Ethernet, then it will already have at least one IP address assigned, which will usually be the IP address of the LAN interface. In such cases, it is usually most convenient to use that address as the local IP address of the PPP interface(s) on that host. This is OK because the PPP interface(s) are point-to-point interfaces. If a host is not connected to the Internet, then an IP address needs to be assigned for it. If PPP is to be used to link it to another host which is connected to the Internet, is is usually most convenient to assign it an address on the same subnet as the remote host. If the other host is not connected to the Internet either, then the choice of IP addresses is quite arbitrary. Authentication. The level of authentication required depends on the situation, but generally hosts which are connected to the Internet via a LAN should be set up to (a) require the remote host to authenticate itself, and (b) restrict the remote host's choice of IP address, based on its identity. Otherwise the possibility exists for a remote host to impersonate another host on the local subnet. (However, when you are first installing PPP, it is probably easier to leave authentication disabled until you get to the point where you can successfully establish a link.) Setting up /etc/ppp. The /etc/ppp directory contains various files used by pppd; it should be created by the system administrator when installing PPP. It would typically contain the following files: chap-secrets Secrets used for authenticating with CHAP pap-secrets Secrets used for authenticating with PAP options Options that the system administrator wants to apply whenever pppd is run Since this directory contains files of secrets used for authentication, it should not be in a partition which is accessible from other hosts (e.g., exported by NFS). The 'options' file contains any options which the system administrator wants pppd to use whenever it is run. If authentication is to be required, this should contain the 'auth' and 'usehostname' options. If the /etc/ppp/options file does not exist, or is not readable by pppd, it will refuse to run. Secrets for PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) authentication are stored in /etc/ppp/pap-secrets; secrets for CHAP (Cryptographic Authentication Protocol) are stored in /etc/ppp/chap-secrets. These files have the same format, and store secrets both for authenticating other hosts, and for authenticating this host to others. The format is that there are 3 or more words per line, which are: client - name of the machine to be authenticated server - name of the machine requiring the authentication secret - password or CHAP secret known by both client and server IP addresses - zero or more IP addresses which the client may use (this field is only used on the server). For example, if a LAN-connected host called "worksun" is to require authentication, and a host "bsdbox" is to connect to it and authenticate itself using CHAP, then both machines should have a /etc/ppp/chap-secrets file, which should contain a line something like: bsdbox worksun "an unguessable secret" Setting up syslog. pppd issues messages using syslog facility daemon (or local2 if it has been compiled with debugging enabled); chat uses facility local2. It is useful to see messages of priority notice or higher on the console. To see these, find the line in /etc/syslog.conf which has /dev/console on the right-hand side, and add 'daemon.notice' on the left. This line should end up something like this: *.err;kern.debug;daemon,local2,auth.notice;mail.crit /dev/console If you want to see more messages from pppd, request messages of priority info or higher for facility daemon, like this: *.err;kern.debug;;local2,auth.notice;mail.crit /dev/console It is also useful to add a line like this: daemon,local2.debug /etc/ppp/ppp-log If you do this, you will need to create an empty /etc/ppp/ppp-log file. After modifying syslog.conf, you will then need to send a HUP signal to syslogd (or reboot). Setting up a PPP link. Establishing a PPP connection between two machines basically involves setting up a serial link and running pppd on both ends of the link. How this is done depends on the nature of the serial link, which may be as simple as a null modem cable between two machines, or it may involve modems, terminal servers, telnet sessions, etc. The 'chat' program is very useful in setting up the serial link because it enables you to automate any dialog which may be required, e.g., logging in to the remote machine with a username and password, issuing a command to start ppp on the remote machine, etc. As an example, the link could be started by issuing a command like pppd /dev/ttya 38400 connect 'chat -f /etc/ppp/chat-script' where the file /etc/ppp/chat-script contains "" atdt2135476 login: myname Password: "\qmypassword" "$ " "\qpppd" The words in this script are alternately strings to look for and strings to send. In this example, we start by sending a dial command to the modem; then we look for "login:", send "myname", look for "Password:", send "mypassword" (the "\q" prevents chat from logging it when you use the -v option), look for "$ " (the end of the shell prompt) and send "pppd" to start up ppp on the remote machine (the "\q" cancels the effect of the previous "\q"). In another scenario, you could establish the serial link manually, e.g. using Kermit to dial out, log into the remote machine, and issue the commands to start ppp there. Then you have to exit Kermit without having the modem hang up, and then start pppd locally, using a command like this: pppd /dev/ttya 38400 When a device is given, as in this command line, pppd will put itself in the background. The two pppd's should then negotiate and bring up the link. If you have edited /etc/syslog.conf as described above, you will see messages from pppd giving the local and remote IP addresses of the link when it is successfully established. If the local machine has no other connection to the Internet, you can ask pppd to add a default route via the remote host by adding the 'defaultroute' option to the pppd command. N.B. When you run pppd on the remote machine, you usually want it to use the tty device where you logged in. In this case, do not give a device name to pppd; it uses the controlling tty by default. This may be a pty, e.g., if the serial link contains a telnet session, except under Ultrix (pppd will not run on a pty under Ultrix, due to the pty driver not passing ioctls to the ppp line discipline code). If the remote machine is connected to the Internet via a LAN, it is often useful to add the 'proxyarp' option. The 'asyncmap' option is also useful if the serial line is not completely transparent; 'asyncmap 200a0000' is appropriate if the serial link includes a telnet. Some people find it convenient to set up a 'ppp' username on the remote machine, with no password, and a shell script which runs pppd as its login shell. Other random points about running pppd: - If you want the local address of the PPP link to be different from the (first) IP address of the host, you need to put the desired address on the pppd command line with a colon appended. - The performance will probably be better if you reduce the MRU (maximum receive unit) on both ends; 296 is a good value. To do this, use the option 'mru 296'. - You DO NOT need to use ifconfig to configure the addresses of the ppp interface. Pppd does all the necessary work (assigning addresses, marking the interface up, etc.). Terminating the PPP link. When you wish terminate the PPP link, you should send a TERM or INTR signal to one of the pppd's, e.g., with a command like: kill 'cat /etc/ppp/' on SunOS or Ultrix, or kill 'cat /var/run/' on {


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Lent is rooted in the Christian tradition. Removing it from that tradition or secularizing it ( e.g. making it a time of giving up chocolate) trivializes this ancient practice. Jesus temptation in the wilderness is a template for those who follow him. For the Christian, in words of R. Culpepper this is a time to:
Resist the temptation to forget one's baptismal identity.
Remain faithful rather than being successful or striving for power.
Resist being "dazzled" by the wealth of the world.
Lent is a tiime of real sacrifice. And in the 21st century there are real sacrifices that Christians need to make:
- Hateful speech and dialogue, especially on social media.
- The "need" to be right... or thinking one's ideology or theology is the "correct" way.
- Patriarchy...all forms.
- Participation in, tacitly or willingly, systemic racism
- Xenophobia towards the "other."
- Supporting political and economic systems that crush the poor.
- Bible worship... it's a collection of many books covering many centuriesnot a singular text that is without error.
- Fundamentalism. It is dangerous and, as we know through history often leads to violence.
These are unpopular for sure. But there are very few systems of the 21st century, if any, in which Jesus would participate. The Gospel is political as much as it is spiritual. If it were not Jesus would not have been executed by politicians on a cross.
Eat the chocolate and drink the wineit's what Jesus would want I think. Instead, be faithful. Engage in acts of love, mercy, and compassion: the weightier things of "the law".


text:
LPI Linux Certification/Perform Security Administration Tasks
From Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Candidates should know how to review system configuration to ensure host security in accordance with local security policies.
- Key knowledge area(s):
- Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set.
- Set or change user passwords and password aging information.
- Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system.
- Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage.
- Basic sudo configuration and usage.
- The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:


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Im trying to better understand how the huffman decoder works. Ive got a code table but im having a hard time trying to understand how the decoder would work because of ambiguity in the binary string.
(im learning this in prep for my final year at uni)
my table:
Data Hcode
0, 0
1, 1
2, 10
3, 11
17, 100
18, 101
19, 110
29, 111
If i have a huffman code string like 010011 i can return many different combinations of data so how can i discriminate?
i understand the huffman logic in BST representation and you follow a path to a given leaf which the path resembles the code for that given value between (0-255(ascii)) but i still dont know how you can discriminate between returning data: 0,1,0 or data: 0,17
do i really have to enforce 2 bit codes on data 0 and 1? (00 and 01)
i hope ive explained the best i can XD
If your wondering how I generated the table - your gonna kill me because i didnt use tree logic to generate it. Althought i sorted the data (random bytes) on frequency - i generated the Hcodes by converting the element position number into binary (hency why i called this post Poor Mans Huffman).
Many Thanks for any advice.
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2 Answers
up vote 3 down vote accepted
The code table is wrong. Huffman odes are supposed to be prefix free. This is neccessary in order to decode them afterwards without ambiguities.
If you would use a binary tree for creating the codes, this would automatically ensure the "prefix freeness". See: _URL_
And now, I am going to kill you... ;)
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Not only is the code table wrong, the lengths of the codes are also wrong. If you have two one-bit codes, you have already used up all of the code space, and can have no other codes. What you have shown is not only not a Huffman code and not a prefix code -- it is in fact not a code at all.
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How Noisy is Your College Campus?
Ranking College Campus Noise
Just how loud is your college campus? No, we are not talking about your neighbors. We are asking the question in a broader sense to determine how loud a college campus gets given its geographic location. Whether you are thinking about attending a state university or private college, understanding the noise levels in your community will help you better navigate life in and around campus.
The Data Behind the Noise
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) recently published an interactive map answering the very question at hand. The map uses a 24-hour equivalent sound level noise metric that includes all overt and ambient noise at a defined noise receptor. The noise levels shown on the map denote an approximate average noise energy produced from road transportation and aviation along with other noise-producing modalities. The interactive map data is culled from a number of different government agencies from the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) to the FHWA (Federal Highway Administration) to triangulate noise for a given locale.
Which city was ranked highest for noise?
If you guessed the city with the highest noise rating was Los Angeles, you would be correct. The map below gives users a quick overview of the greater Los Angeles area where the deep red hue indicates the highest levels of noise. According to NPR, Los Angeles was ranked first in the nation for traffic congestion resulting in an additional 170 hours spent sitting in traffic.
How Noisy is Your College Campus?
Noise energy created in and around Los Angeles California.
One of the next highest areas of noise is around New York. The map below illustrates the noise levels for various parts of the city given the aggregated information from various government agencies.
Noise energy created in and around New York.
Noise index for the greater New York area.
How much noise does your college campus generate?
To find out, simply utilize the USDOT's interactive map to help figure out the noise energy being produced in and around your campus. A noise index can be used by current and prospective college students to assess variables involved in their college experience. Much like the utilization of a WalkScore, the USDOT's interactive noise map is another tool available at your disposal.
As a viable starting point for your college future, get our complete guide to the college admissions process simply by visiting our blog to download our free guide today. The guide will take you through every aspect of the college admissions process and help you determine what is important to you. By taking the time to ascertain your personal priorities in advance using our guide, you will be equipped to more effectively align your goals with degree programs offered at top schools. Get matched today and invest in your future by checking out the hundreds of resources available only with MatchCollege.
For additional resources, make sure to visit MatchCollege and get our free eBook and learn how to reduce the cost of college along with hundreds of tools and information to help make your dreams a reality.


text:
A conference with participants in different locations linked by telecommunication devices.
More example sentences
- Developers are spread out over various geographical locations and weekly teleconferences are set up to discuss ongoing development issues.
- Teleconferences and satellite teleconferences are effective methods of teaching bioterrorism preparedness to large numbers of physicians, nurses, and other health care professionals.
- Customers can increase or decrease bandwidth more quickly and request additional bandwidth for specific situations such as teleconferences.
- More example sentences
- These include traditional email, web-based conferencing, and teleconferencing using a standard land-line phone link.
- All of the hotel's function rooms have inter-linking built-in audio systems, video and computer projection equipment, ISDN teleconferencing and more.
- They are able to attend daily planning meetings by teleconferencing from their home institutions in several states and in Europe.
Definition of teleconference in:
- The US English dictionary


text:
Sheetala Ashtami, Sheetla Ashtami, Shitala Ashtami
The Ashtami or the eight day of the waning phase of the moon in the month of Phalguna or Falguna. It is nothing but Falguna or Phalguna Bahula Ashtami or Phalguna Krishna Paksha Ashtami.
Sheetala is a hindi word which means Small Pox and Goddess Sheetala is belived to be the goddess of small pox. Goddess Sheetala is accompanied by Jvarasura and other epidemics. In some place Goddess Sheetala is worshipped as Ola Devi.
On Sheetala Ashtami devotees worship Goddess Sheetala. By worshiping Goddess Sheetala, devotees would pray to her to protect them from diseases and other epidemics.
Devotees do not light the stoves in the house on Sheetala Ashtami. The common procedure is to cook the food the before day and eat the same food on Sheetala Ashtami.
Sheetala Ashtami is commonly celebrated in North India.
The temples of Sheetala Mata is situated at Dhanoop near Bhilwara which is in Rajasthan, Mumbai, Gurgoan, Jalandhar.


text:
The Old Colony Building was designed and constructed between 1893 and 1894 by the architectural firm of Holabird and Roche. As Chicago School architects, they sought to reveal the character of the steel skeletal structure while cladding their buildings with an appropriate surface. The 17-story steel frame building is sheathed in Bedford limestone on the first three floors and by gray brick and terra cotta above that. A two-story colonnade runs along the 15th and 16th floors with a cornice crowning the 17th floor. Oriel windows project from every corner of the building from the third story to the cornice. The design's unity derives from the repetition of Chicago windows along the second floor and in the center bay of the north facade. Variety is found in the contrast between the horizontal stress of the narrow north facade and the distinct vertical thrust of the long east and west facades.
The facade of the Old Colony Building has remained intact, although major alterations to the interior have occurred on the ground floor. The lobby's original surfaces and stairs have all been replaced and the open cages of the elevators have been enclosed.
The Old Colony Building is located at 407 S. Dearborn St. and the lobby and some offices within are open to the public.
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text:
Sorry for the long title! What I want to know is whether it's possible to convert specified elements of array of char to int using some fuction?
let's say we have char x,
x = '9', x = '2'
so I want to have 92 in a single integer variable, is that possible?
or should I copy both elements(extract) to another array of char that consists of 2 elements only then use a function?
what I'm doin right now is subtracting '0' from each element then multiplying it to a variable that has initial value of 1 and gets increased every dealing with each element by *10.


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A Fan of Caltech
Over the coming weeks, we'll be highlighting several undergraduates and their summer research at Caltech. Some are Techers; others hail from schools across the country. Most are participating in the Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships (SURF) program, a unique opportunity for undergraduates to spend 10 weeks over the summer doing original research with Caltech faculty. At the end of the project, students write a paper and present their work at SURF Seminar Day, which will take place on October 15 this year.
When summer started, Caltech senior Yuyang Fan was handed a picture taken with a cell phone. The image showed a large box with an array of small fans covering one side. It was a wind tunnel—a simple one, but a wind tunnel nevertheless. Fan's mission? To build one himself as part of his SURF project.
And the catch? Other than the picture, he was given nothing. "That's all the information I got," he says.
It turns out that building a wind tunnel wasn't even the SURF project he had signed up for. Fan had proposed working with Mory Gharib, professor of aeronautics, and graduate student Julia Cosse on developing flexible wind-turbine blades; the blades were inspired by a shrub called the Spanish Broom, whose seeds are curled up in a pod that unfurls when wet. But when he showed up for work this summer, Gharib and Cosse asked if he would be willing to swap projects with someone else, since each project would be a better fit for the other student's backgrounds.
The wind tunnel would be for Daegyoum Kim, a research scientist working with Gharib, who needed the tunnel to test new ways of harnessing wind power. Kim wanted to see if he could extract wind energy using flapping flags instead of conventional spinning propellers. For his experiments, he would need a device that could simulate the gusts and shifting speeds of real-world wind. He also wanted to do some tests on vertical-axis wind turbines, which resemble eggbeaters jutting from the ground. Big, fancy facilities like the Lucas Adaptive Wall Wind Tunnel in the basement of Guggenheim can only blast air in a single, uniform flow—useful for analyzing the aerodynamics of objects ranging from cars to planes to soccer balls. But what Kim needed was a tunnel that produced shear flow—or flow in which wind speed changes with position or time. And he preferred a machine that didn't cost too much.
"There's no cheap tunnel that can do shear flow," Fan says. And so, with just some technical requirements, and guidance from Kim and Gharib, he would have to make one from scratch.
It was unexpected, but Fan was eager to do research on wind energy, so he accepted the challenge. "I thought it would be cool to build my own device," he says. After all, as someone who came to Pasadena from Nanjing, China, by way of Iowa, Fan seems to be quite good at adapting to change.
After high school, Fan left his home and family in Nanjing, a metropolis of eight million people, for Iowa's Grinnell College located in Grinnell, a town with a population of just 9,000. When he arrived at Grinnell, he hadn't yet fully mastered English, and Grinnell is a liberal arts college with a curriculum heavy on reading and writing. The first snow in October was exciting, but six months of it wore him down. "Food was an issue, too," he says. "They have a lot of corn."
At Grinnell, Fan majored in physics. In the summer of 2009, he came to Caltech as a SURF student to work on nuclear magnetic resonance studies of organic molecules with Jack Roberts, professor of chemistry. Fan liked Caltech so much that he applied to the Institute's 3/2 program, which allows students from a select group of liberal arts colleges to transfer to Caltech after their third year, spending two more years of study in a field not offered by their college and earning two bachelor's degrees in the process. Fan, who is interested in renewable energy, is studying mechanical engineering at Caltech. He's also a part of the Solar Decathlon team—a group of students from Caltech and the Southern California Institute of Architecture who are competing with other schools to build the most energy-efficient, attractive, and affordable house they can.
Having completed his first year at Caltech, Fan has spent much of his summer on the second floor of Guggenheim, building the wind tunnel. During the first two to three weeks of the project, he designed the machine, working out all the wiring and the control systems. By the end of July, the tunnel—which is six feet long, four feet wide, and four feet tall (excluding the stand)—was nearly complete. Fan's tunnel is more powerful than the one in the picture he was shown (it was built at Oklahoma State University to test small, flying vehicles). He used 100 relatively powerful, coaster-sized computer fans, the kinds usually reserved for souped-up gaming computers. These fans blow air at around nine meters per second (about 20 miles per hour), twice as fast as in the Oklahoma design.
The opportunity for hands-on work has been rewarding, Fan says. But as with any good research experience, the work has also sometimes been tedious (Fan had to turn hundreds of screws by hand to attach the fans, for example). Even though the tunnel is mostly assembled, there's still a lot of work to be done to calibrate and test the machine. Soon, though, it will be ready for the first experiments, and Fan will continue his research during the school year.
Fan has one more year left at Caltech, and then he plans to go to grad school. But for now he says he's loving Pasadena. "Here, the weather is so nice," he says. The large Asian community and the bounty of Asian cuisine also help. Even though Pasadena is an ocean away from Nanjing, he says he doesn't miss home too much. "There's not enough time to be homesick."
Written by Marcus Woo


How Many Americans Died in World War II?
World War II involved most of the worlds super powers at the time and was a state of total war, meaning that the nations put all of their resources into the war effort. Most historians agree that 406,000 Americans died during the war.


text:
Considering that normal dimension of standard kitchen furniture are 80 cm height x 60cm depth, this first protoype model is approximately 80 x 60 x 40cm (front panel) like a standard independent appliance but next we will try to develop a prototype model that could be integrated inside a kitchen counter.
- Produces pre-compost also inside the flats;
- Compacts the bio-waste;
- Blocks bad smells;
- Separates wet from liquid;
- It is self-cleaning;
- Not place materials in sewage;
- Reduces the ecological footprint;
- Drastically lowers costs of collection and transfer;
- Transforms waste into a resource.
To learn more visit "1th Experimentation phase" or visit MULTIMEDIA


text:
Coding and the XOR Lemma
Briefly, hardness amplification aims to take as hypothesis a function f that is'slightly' hard to compute, and identify a function g that is'very' hard to compute. Since we know complicated functions exist out there somewhere (Shannon's counting argument), we want g to be explicitly determined by f.
Coding-based approaches to this problem work as follows: take such an f, a finite function not computed exactly by any'small' circuit. Let g's truth-table be an error-correcting encoding of the truth-table of f, under a (very) efficiently decodable code.
Suppose g were even approximately computable by a small circuit A. Then applying the decoder to the output of A would give us a small (but slightly larger) circuit that'recovers' all of the bits of f (on demand) from its partially corrupted encoding in A. This contradicts the presumed hardness of f.
Now let's contrast the situation with Yao's XOR Lemma, one form of which states roughly that if no'small'
circuit computes f correctly on more than a 1/2 + d
fraction of all inputs, then no (slightly smaller)
small circuit computes g(x, y)= f(x)+f(y) (mod 2) on more than a
1/2 + O(d^2) + e fraction of inputs, where e is a negligible function of n. Iterating this lemma multiple times to get a big XOR, the result is a very hard function g.
Why does this Lemma, and its variants, seem to require a stronger hardness assumption on f than the coding-based results (both in terms of the computational model--Yao requires hardness against nonuniform circuits--and in terms of the strength of hardness required)? Why are its proofs trickier? And finally, why is the Lemma still worth keeping around? The coding perspective sheds some light on these questions.
From this perspective, we are interested in the 'code' that takes the bitstring that is f's truth-table, and outputs g defined as above. Is this even a valid code? Nope--f and its negation both define the same g. Well, what if we restricted f's first bit to be a 1? Then encoding is unique; however, this isn't a very good error-correcting code; e.g., _PHONE_ and _PHONE_ have encodings g1, g2 that are quite close. This creates an inherent ambiguity that prevents us from obliviously applying a decoder algorithm to the g-approximating circuit A to get back to the exact original f, or even approximate the original f (since our example strings were far apart, no decoded string can approximate both of them at once).
But maybe we can exactly recover the original f from A if we are given a little bit of 'advice', e.g. to discriminate between decoding to _PHONE_ and _PHONE_. Since we are in the nonuniform model, this advice can be built into our circuits. But how much advice do we need? It's got to be small to contradict the hardness of f.
The problem is, every bit in f influences a rather small fraction of bits in the encoding g; thus, any string f' close to f has an encoding g' close to g. If f is a function on n variables, there are then a doubly-exponential-in-n number of functions whose encodings are close to that of f, hence potentially represented by the approximating circuit A (here making hidden assumptions about what 'close' means...). So exponential advice is needed to specify f from among this collection--unacceptably large. This means our decoder can't hope to exactly recover f, and explains why the proof methodology doesn't let us assume that f is merely hard to compute exactly.
The compromise reached by the Lemma is to only approximately recover f (using advice, which our example indicated was necessary), corresponding to the stronger hardness assumption on f in the Lemma's statement. Here we enter the realm of information-theoretic possibility, but the need for this recovery to be algorithmically efficient leads to involved proofs, which necessarily use advice-driven case analysis. Is this coding theory? Trevisan calls it 'approximate list-decoding'. I'd say, sure it's decoding, but the scope of coding theory is being stretched significantly (and very fruitfully, it seems) in the process.
So why is Yao's XOR Lemma still a viable tool? I'm not qualified to answer this in full generality. Moreover, the Lemma has been generalized and improved in several directions. But two observations: first, once we've got a function f hard enough to meet the hypotheses of the XOR Lemma, the Lemma can be repeatedly applied until the resulting g is way hard; some but not all error-correcting codes can do a comparable job of pushing the hardness that far. Second, the XOR-encoding used is very efficient, more so than the error-correcting codes based on, e.g., Reed-Muller; this means that if we are trying to identify very hard functions in a complexity class C, and we assume f is taken from C, then the encoding g is more likely to be in C as well, so that we get hardness amplification within the class. Since the main target of hardness amplification research is giving evidence of really hard problems inside NP, Yao's Lemma looks to remain vital. It can't deliver the goods fully yet (e.g., NP doesn't seem to be closed under XOR), but new insights keep coming; the new FOCS 2006 paper by Impagliazzo-Kabanets-Jaiswal looks to be in this vein.
In conclusion, the XOR Lemma is an important result with somewhat difficult (but not impossible) proofs; the coding perspective illuminates the shape of the Lemma's statement and explains why it cannot easily be strengthened.
Note, however, that the coding barriers we encountered are methodological ones, and don't in themselves give evidence about the actual limits on the hardness-amplification properties of the XOR operation. On that subject my knowledge is slim.


down could still be useful, and is awesome, but an explanation of your technique would really solidify your answer, IMHO, and make this great! :) Hope this helps! – jmort253 Oct 16 '12 at 4:00
 - Okay, I updated this, but frankly the change since yesterday in the title to the question has changed the question quite remarkably, indeed. I don't plan on reworking the answer again. – GeneJ Oct 16 '12 at 16:06
One simple technique is to examine a different form of the image of the words you are struggling with.
If you have the file in a digital image editor look for a command like Negative, Invert or Reverse Colors, depending on your software. This change can give you a different perspective as black-on-white squiggles become white-on-black shapes.
| improve this answer | |
 - 2
 This sounds good in theory, and it may actually work, but it never has for me. – user47 Oct 15 '12 at 2:20
 - 2
 For the purpose of decipher, I've used this technique (negative, invert, reverse colors) and other similar steps using mostly Photoshop or Gimp, where you can exclude or emphasize a particular color. Magnifying glass is the fist tool I seek out, though. – GeneJ Oct 16 '12 at 11:24
Some techniques I use when dealing with a document similar to your example.
 1. If you have the physical document, try to scan it into the computer using different options, such as b/w, grey-scale and color. Often the 'clutter' disappears leaving a better image to read.
 2. If you are working from an image (as your example appears), I would use a photo editor and try different options. One time I used a 'posterize" option and got excellent results (other times it was no help). I have Microsoft Office Photo Manager which has a mid-tones adjustment option. That often removes the "patina" the microfilm captured of the aged document. Of course, read the word(s) at 200% or more to see if the lower loop from the cursive "J" on the line above may be obscuring the letter that appears illegible otherwise.
 3. As mentioned by others, look for names/words that you can recognize which use the same cursive letters. The first name probably is an "I". Looking for other names known to start with an "I" will help decipher the name/word. Keep in mind that the writer may have used a phonetic spelling. My paternal grandfather for everyday business used his middle name which was Hjalmar (pronounced Jal mar). The 1900 census shows Almar and the census index shows Alma.
 4. In some countries surnames have similar common endings; e.g., Sweden'sson' or 'dotter'. Or other common endings like 'berg' 'back' or'strom'. In those cases try working backwards from the end to the front. An illegible "Andersson" might be solved if you recognize the "dersson"-- especially if the first letter seems like a "A".
| improve this answer | |
Your Answer


Definition of intoxicate in English:
Line breaks: in¦toxi|cate
Pronunciation: /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt
1 [with object] (usually as adjective intoxicated) (Of alcoholic drink or a drug) cause (someone) to lose control of their faculties or behaviour: he was charged with operating a vehicle while intoxicated
More example sentences
 - We don't allow people into sessions if they are intoxicated by alcohol or drugs.
 - The person is intoxicated through alcohol or drugs
 - Kids who abuse inhalants often look and act as if they're intoxicated from drinking alcohol.
inebriate, make drunk, make intoxicated, make inebriated; befuddle, fuddle, stupefy, go to someone's head, make someone's head spin
informal make legless, make woozy
drunk, inebriated, inebriate, drunken, tipsy, the worse for drink, under the influence; blind drunk, dead drunk, rolling drunk, roaring drunk, as drunk as a lord, as drunk as a skunk; sottish, gin-soaked
Scottish informal fou
North American informal loaded, trashed, out of one's gourd, blitzed, ripped
US informal jacked
British vulgar slang pissed, rat-arsed, arseholed
informal, dated in one's cups, lit up
euphemistic tired and emotional
archaic sotted, foxed, screwed
rare crapulent, crapulous, bibulous, ebriate
1.1Excite or exhilarate (someone): he became intoxicated with his own power
More example sentences
 - The excitement and anticipation of the opportunity intoxicated him.
exhilarate, thrill, elate, delight, captivate, enthral, entrance, enrapture, invigorate, animate, enliven, excite, stir, rouse, move, inspire, inflame, electrify; fire with enthusiasm, fire someone's imagination
informal give someone a buzz, give someone a kick, bowl over, tickle someone pink
North American informal give someone a charge
2 archaic Poison (someone).
late Middle English (in the sense 'poison'): from medieval Latin intoxicare, from in- 'into' + toxicare 'to poison', from Latin toxicum (see toxic).
Definition of intoxicate in:
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Word of the day apposite
Pronunciation: ˈapəzit
apt in the circumstances or relation to something


text:
The value of digital 3-D object representation as an aid to exploit remotely sensed images has been demonstrated. Experience has shown that knowledge about what is being viewed is required to accomplish non-trivial object recognition tasks when such an aid is used. Previous approaches representing knowledge as constraints in a relaxation scheme or as templates for pattern matching, lack flexibility and realism. This paper presents recent research results on a shaded surface computer graphics approach that uses a knowledge base consisting of a library of three-dimensional objects represented as surfaces and skeletons. Objects include pieces of terrain, vehicles and buildings. The surfaces for these objects are generated by mapping surfaces onto topological contours or onto a series of cross sectional object outlines. For branching contours (n contours in section i connecting to m contours in section i+i), the surfaces are mapped by first concatenating the section i contours into a single large contour, similarly concatenating the section i+i contours, then performing the one to one mapping. Capping off single arbitrarily shaped contours is done by computing the medial axis transform of the contours, constructing the medial axis contour and then mapping a surface from the contour to the medial axis contour. The skeleton of a general three-dimensional closed polygonal surface may be obtained through use of a three-dimensional extension of the medial axis transform. This research has resulted in a mapping algorithm that provides a more general method for obtaining surface descriptions of non-analytic contour defined objects suitable for placement in a scene and for shaded surface rendition. Furthermore, depth profiles of the scene may be generated, which are useful for comparisons with actual depth information.
Date of this Version


Your DNA Can Determine Whether You Pass a Drug Test
Image: SNRE Lab on Flickr
Countless people spend money on products to pass a urine drug test for cannabis. They don't know that whether they will pass is already written in their DNA.
I recently covered a scientific study on how your genes affect your sensitivity to cannabis. It explained how a variant at a specific place in your DNA can increase how easily you get high. But it gets even better for these lucky bastards…they are also much less likely to fail a drug test for cannabis!
THC metabolism by CYP2C9
Here is a quick primer in case you didn't read the previous article on your genes and cannabis.
Below is the main metabolic pathway of THC. THC is metabolized to the psychoactive metabolite 11-OH-THC. 11-OH-THC is further metabolized to the inactive metabolite THC-COOH, which is the most important metabolite for urine drug tests.
THC,DNA, Metabolism
This metabolism is performed by an enzyme called CYP2C9. The gene for CYP2C9 has more than 50 genetic polymorphisms. The wild-type version (i.e. the most common version) of the gene is called CYP2C9*1. There is a specific polymorphism that has significance for drug metabolism called CYP2C9*3. The CYP2C9*3 variant has significantly decreased enzyme activity.
Image: Professor of Pot
A clinical study determined that after administering a single oral dose of THC, people with the *3/*3 genotype had 3-fold higher THC levels in their blood than subjects with the *1/*1 genotype.
Effect of CYP2C9*3 on THC-COOH
The CYP2C9*3 polymorphism does not only affect levels of THC in your body. If you look at the above metabolic pathway, you can see that it should also have a strong impact on levels of THC-COOH. In fact, study subjects with the *3/*3 genotype had 3-fold lower THC-COOH levels (below).
Image: Professor of Pot
Where does all the THC go in people with a CYP2C9*3 genotype if not down the pathway to THC-COOH? There are other metabolic pathways (that I didn't show) that produce other metabolites. These metabolites mostly do not get excreted into the urine and even if they do, they are not detected by confirmatory drug tests (see here for the difference between a screening and confirmatory drug test).
Having a CYP2C9*3 genotype may be even better than you realize if you are a regular cannabis user. Because levels of THC are higher with the CYP2C9*3 genotype (if you are taking edibles) and the high lasts longer (if you are smoking), that means that you can eat lower doses and smoke cannabis less often than people with the regular wild-type CYP2C9 gene and still be just as high.
Image: Professor of Pot
This plot (above) shows the relative levels of THC-COOH if people of different genotypes adjust their doses to get the same amount of combined THC and 11-OH-THC as wild-type users. This analysis shows that if you have the CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotype, your THC-COOH levels will be only 15% of a wild-type person! This is because you only need to take half the dose and your body will only produce one-third as much THC-COOH from that dose.
Urine drug testing for cannabis and CYP2C9 pharmacogenetics
Let's take a look at how this might play out if you have a drug test coming up. I pulled data from a study of cannabis users who start abstaining and have their urine tested on a daily basis. The group I looked at smoked one joint per day on average.
It took 7 days for the urine THC-COOH levels of the average subject to fall below 15 ng/mL, which is the typical cutoff for the GC-MS confirmatory test.
Image: Professor of Pot
I then plotted the expected urine THC-COOH levels of people with the CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotype based on the fact that urine levels should be directly proportional to blood levels (and thus, urine levels should also be 2/3 lower). The results show that it would only take 2 days for the average person with a CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotype to fall below the cutoff, assuming they consume an equal amount of cannabis.
Since we know that people with the CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotype have higher levels of THC, it is likely that they reduce their cannabis consumption to compensate. If these people also reduced their cannabis dose by half, their urine THC-COOH levels would fall below the cutoff in less than a single day after their last dose!
If you have a CYP2C9*3 gene, you are at reduced risk of failing a drug test. You are probably ingesting less cannabis (but still getting just as high) and on top of that, less of the THC is converted to the THC-COOH metabolite that will cause a positive on a urine drug test. You, my friend, have won the genetic lottery!
Syndicated from The Professor of Pot by special permission.
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_USER_ {1195, title = {Formulation of Creams Containing Active Fraction of Cassia fistula L. Barks and its Antibacterial Activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {920-928}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {920}, abstract = {
Background: Cassia fistula L. has been traditionally used to cure skin diseases. That disease can be caused by various bacteria, such as Propionibacterium acnes and Pseudomonas aerugniosa. Objective: the objective of this research was to formulate cream containing active fraction of Cassia fistula bark and to study the antibacterial activity as well as physical stability of the active substance after formulation. Materials and Methods: The cream base were oilinwater (O/W) and water in oil (W/O) type. Antibacterial activity test had been performed by using agar diffusion method. Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were conducted by microdilution method. The active fraction was formulated into creams with concentration of 4 -6x MIC. Physical evaluation of creams including organoleptic, pH, viscosity, TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) profiling and antibacterial activity against both tested bacteria were evaluated during 28 days of storage. Results: The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction was the most active, having MIC and MBC values of 175 and 350 ppm respectively against P. acnes, while those against P. aeruginosa were 400 and 800 ppm. Optimation on creams using different type of cream bases showed that either O/W or W/O creams remained stable during 28 days of storage in terms of organoleptic and pH. The viscosity increased in O/W and decreased in W/O type. Qualitative analysis by TLC profiling showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Cassia fistula as chemical compounds in creams was relatively stable as the profile remained the same after 28th day of storage. Result of antibacterial activity test on cream with O/W base was unchange after 28 day, while that with W/O revealed no activity which may due to poor diffusion within the cream base as media. Conclusion: active fraction of Cassia fistula can be formulated into cream with O/W cream base system.
}, keywords = {Antibacteria, Cassia fistula, Cream, Propionibacterium Acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.131}, author = {Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa and Muhaimin Muhaimin and Yasmiwar Susilawati and Tiana Milanda} }


; Exact Aligner - (c) 2009 Dr. Volker Tries ; _EMAIL_ ; ; v. 0.1_alpha 2009/10/01 ; ; ; This is the Exact Aligner TinySCHEME script for GIMP ; for overlaying two pictures by clicking on the same ; 2 points in each picture. ; ; How to use this tool: ; ; -1) Copy the script into the script folder of Gimp ; In my installation it is in ; D:\Programme\GIMP-2.0\share\gimp\2.0\scripts ; 0) Now start GIMP (you have to start GIMP AFTER you copied the script! ; 1) Open 2 pictures. ; 2) In one picture do "select all" (CTRL-a) and copy (CTRL-c). ; 3) Click on the other picture an paste the copied picture ; as a new layer (CTRL-v) into it. ; 4) Close the first picture. We don't need it any more. Otherwise it only will disturb our script. ; 5) Set transparency of the layer to 50% (slide bar in the upper part ; of the layer manager). If you don't see the layer manager, just press CTRL-l. ; 6) Select the path tool in the tool box. ; 7) Now first click 2 points in the first picture (background layer) ; and then the same two points in the second picture (second layer) ; You should see both pictures in a transparent way. You have to stroke the 4 point ; consecutively to form one single path! Point 1 and 2 show the alignment marks for ; picture 1 and point 3 and 4 are the alignment marks for picture 2. ; Point 3 will be schifted to point 1 and point 4 to point 2. ; Furthermore a derotation and a rescaleing is done if necessery. ; 8) We are almost done! Now choos the script from the menu bar ; under "/Tries Tools/Exact Aligner". That's it. ; ; ; ; If you encounter error messages, you ; - probably didn't close the first picture or ; - haven't choosen the 4 reference points ; before calling the script. ; ; ***** IMPORTANT ******* ; ; This script is supposed to be very buggy! ; two days ago I didn't know about this TinyScheme stuff and today the ; script works fine for me. ; If you have any recommendations or even bug reports, please contact me ; under my email address shown above. ; In the meantime enjoy this script! ; ; * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ; ; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify ; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or ; (at your option) any later version. ; ; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ; GNU General Public License for more details. ; ; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License ; along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software ; Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; (define (script-fu-exact-overlay ) ; this is the code... (let* ( ; define our local variables. We need the "*" after let to have TinySCHEME ; declare the variables exactly this order. ; here is the first images object in the program... (theImageID1 (aref (cadr (gimp-image-list)) 0)) ;here is the first vectors object from the first images object... (theVectorID1 (car (gimp-image-get-active-vectors theImageID1))) ;here is the first strokes object in the first vectors object... (theStrokeID1 (aref (cadr (gimp-vectors-get-strokes theVectorID1)) 0)) ; First lets find out the points of the polygon you just created with the path tool in GIMP. ; The first 2 points (first pair) are the reference points in picture of layer1, ; the second pair are the same points, but now in picture of layer2 ;define point1... (theP1_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 0)) (theP1_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 1)) ;define point2... (theP2_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 6)) (theP2_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 7)) ;define point3... (theP3_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 12)) (theP3_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 13)) ;define point4... (theP4_x (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 18)) (theP4_y (aref (caddr (gimp-vectors-stroke-get-points theVectorID1 theStrokeID1 )) 19)) ; Now let's do some simple math to get ; - rotation angle (camera was rotated between two shots) ; - displacement (for translation or offset. e.g., by pointing the camera to a different center of image) ; - rescaling (in case the the viewing angle ; has changed from picture 1 to picture 2., e.g., by choosing another focal leth or chaning the distance to the photographic object) ; Dx1, Dx2, Dy1, Dy2... (theDx1 (- theP2_x theP1_x)) (theDy1 (- theP2_y theP1_y)) (theDx2 (- theP4_x theP3_x)) (theDy2 (- theP4_y theP3_y)) ; the angle between the two lines. i.e., the angle layer2 must be clockwise rotatet ; in order to overlap with layer1... (theAngle (- (atan (/ theDy1 theDx1) ) (atan (/ theDy2 theDx2)))) ;the scale factors layer2 must be mulitplied by in order to fit onto layer1 ; this is simply the ratio of the two line lenths from the path we created with the 4 points ; For distinct x and y scale factors we need to have another point. ; But I don't need this so I didn't implement it yet. (theScaleX (/ (sqrt (+ (* theDx1 theDx1) (* theDy1 theDy1))) (sqrt (+ (* theDx2 theDx2) (* theDy2 theDy2))) ) ) (theScaleY (/ theDy1 theDy2)) ; we need more then 2 points to calculate seperate scale factors for x and y axis if we also want de-rotation!!! (set! theScaleY (theScaleX)) ; this is for convenience and future use!! ; the last info we need is the active drawable of the image (theActiveDrawableID (car (gimp-image-get-active-drawable theImageID1))) ) ; end of variable definition -------------------------------- ; now we can make the transformation: (gimp-context-push) ; --------- TRANSFORMATION ---------------------- ; we do the transformation in one function call...... (gimp-drawable-transform-2d theActiveDrawableID theP3_x theP3_y theScaleX theScaleX theAngle theP1_x theP1_y 0 0 TRUE 1 1) (gimp-displays-flush) (gimp-context-pop) ) ; end of local declaration ) ;Now we want to register this stuff... (script-fu-register "script-fu-exact-overlay" _"/Tries-Tools/Exact Aligner" "Exact projection of 2 images in 2 layers" "Dr. Volker Tries" "(c) 2009, Dr. Volker Tries - _EMAIL_" "Sep 30, 2009" "" )


text:
is Cool Air Best?
Why is cool air best for Whooping Crane migration? Senior Pilot Joe Duff of Operation Migration answers.
Cooler air is more dense than warmer air. Warm air can actually hold more moisture because molecules are farther apart, making more room for moisture. Cold air is dense and compact; it's "thicker," so when you breathe in you get more oxygen. Thicker air also means there's more for a crane's wings to push against. When the propeller spins there's more thrust. When the wing flies there's more lift to it. The aircraft works better because the engine works better, the propeller works better, and the wing works better. And for the birds, their wings work better too. They get more oxygen and it's easier to cool their bodies. They don't overheat.
It's just a lot easier to fly in cold air. Cold air is really a big factor in the birds' endurance. Warm air wears them out very quickly. You see them panting quickly, their tongues come out, they start to splay their feet to help cool their bodies, and they just can't fly."
Try This! Journal Questions
North is pleased to feature this educational adventure made possible


As empty as the land might look, there is a lot of history in Idaho Falls' backyard: 890 square miles of land now called Idaho National Laboratory. Before the U.S. government established the National Reactor Testing Station in 1949, many people called it home.
Naval Proving Ground, desert, history, INL
Residential area of the Naval Proving Ground as it looked in July 1951, view to southwest. Older section is at right near water tower.
INL's desert Site sits on land that during World War II was home to the Arco Naval Proving Ground. Gun barrels from battleships like the U.S.S. Missouri were reconditioned at the Naval Ordnance Plant in Pocatello and then hauled by train to the Naval Proving Ground, where they would be test-fired and scored before being sent back to the Pacific Theater.
The last stop on the rail line from Pocatello was a place called Scoville, named after Cmdr. John A. Scoville, who was in charge of the installation. The Arco proving ground was one of five specialized facilities established during the war to support ordnance testing and research.
Two former residents, Dee Stevenson of Idaho Falls and her sister, Judy Hamilton of Arco, have memories of the place from when they were very, very young. "When World War II ended, my dad lifted me up and I got to ring the siren over and over," said Dee, who was 5 on VJ Day (Aug. 14, 1945). Born in March 1945, Judy was still an infant, so her memories come from a few years later and include marching behind Marines as they drilled. ("They never seemed to mind," she says.)
The extraordinary winter of 1948. The Navy dropped food and other supplies when snow blocked roads to Arco and Blackfoot. (Photo courtesy of Orville and Margaret Larsen for Proving the Principle)
Dee and Judy's parents, Keith and Mary Andreason, moved to the Naval Proving Ground in 1944. He was employed as a concrete foreman for Morrison-Knudsen, then hired by the Navy as a rigger. With four children – Neil, Keith and Dee (fraternal twins), and Judy – the Andreasons were one of about 20 families who lived in houses where INL's Central Facilities Area now is – approximately 45 miles west of Idaho Falls.
When they lived on the sparsely populated proving ground, Judy passed her days playing with the only other kid her age, a boy named Scotty. "We played a lot and got in trouble together," she said.
Every weekend, there would be a first-run movie, but before a screen could be rigged and chairs set up in the hangar, the diesel engine had to be moved out. Judy has vivid memories of being allowed to ride in the engine.
Now 80 and 75 respectively, Dee and Judy recall their desert days as a very small, long-ago chapter of their lives. The houses the families lived in are long gone, although some were moved to Idaho Falls and still serve as homes, and traces of the Naval Proving Ground are gradually vanishing.
P scaled
Judy Hamilton, left, and Dee Stevenson, with a family photo from the 1940s featuring Dee and their two brothers, Neil (the eldest) and Keith (Dee's fraternal twin). Born in 1945, Judy is not pictured because she was still a baby. The family moved to Arco after the Atomic Energy Commission appropriated the Naval Proving Ground for the National Reactor Testing Station, later Idaho National Laboratory.
When the Atomic Energy Commission set up the National Reactor Testing Station (NRTS) in 1949, the Andreasons moved to Arco. "I didn't have to ride the school bus anymore," said Dee. "I was pretty happy about that." For her part, Judy was never old enough to ride the school bus.
While the historical significance of the original Arco proving ground buildings was never in doubt, there were key problems with historical preservation. Heritage tourism was ruled out for security reasons. The advanced age of the buildings and the materials used in their construction presented challenges as well. In early 2013, the U.S. Department of Energy's Idaho Operations Office announced its intent to demolish the last five vacant buildings. Before any demolition could be done, a Historical American Landscape Survey was conducted, detailing the area's historical and cultural significance.
"Once you get involved in researching something like this, you really have to rein yourself in," said Julie Braun-Williams, the lead historian on the team that produced the 344-page document, which can be found online.
Archaeology is about how people once lived, and nothing offers more clues than a dump. The report offers this observation:
"The people who lived at the Arco proving ground (tried) to make the isolated and barren desert seem more like a normal small town than a wartime naval base. They raised and displayed flowers in once-bright red, yellow, and blue pots and vases, now strewn, broken and faded, throughout a nearby World War II-era garbage dump. Bent pressure cookers, broken Mason jars, and fragile, floral-patterned crockery pieces enrich the interpretation of life on the base, revealing that the residents planted, canned, and served fruits and vegetables from the backyard communal garden to supplement their families' diets. These items lay scattered randomly among thousands of cans that held food and other household items.
"Oil and gas cans, mop buckets, and paint cans provide evidence of routine domestic chores, but crown-top beer cans and whiskey bottles indicate that not all was work. Marbles, a doll buggy, bicycle parts, and other toys tell of children's play. A curry comb discovered among the trash, combined with a family photograph, prove that at least one young woman kept a horse on the base. A birdcage shows the existence of smaller pets, as does a story of searching garages and other buildings for a lost pet dog."
Judy Hamilton has memories of finding canned goods in the sagebrush in the spring – supplies that had been parachuted in during the winter months, when the roads weren't passable. "Finding the food was a real job, but it was something to do."
Posted Nov. 18, 2020
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text:
Due to inclement weather conditions, Charles County Public Schools (CCPS) will operate on a Virtual Instruction, Code V tomorrow, Friday, Feb. 19, 2021. The following applies to students during a Virtual Instruction, Code V.
- Virtual instruction starts on time for all students.
- Learning support centers and internet cafes at schools are closed. This includes those students who are bused to internet cafes for technology access.
- All CCPS meal service is canceled. This includes both curbside meal distribution sites and the mobile meals program.
- Some students may be assigned asynchronous lessons from teachers.
- Students who do not have access to virtual instruction on a Code V day: parents must submit an absence note to the school for an excused absence. Students will have 72 hours to access recorded instruction and allowed to make up assignments.


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Thailand Economical Facts
Economical overview
Thailand's economy has grown rapidly since the 1950s. Growth is primarily driven by large exports, which are largely made up of electronic components made by a modern industry. An extensive tourism industry is also contributing to the upturn. However, the dependence on exports and tourism makes the economy vulnerable to fluctuations in the world economy, and the growth rate has slowed down in the 2010s.
Thailand Economical Facts
Market economics and free trade are the main principles, although no-fuss about protecting one's own market from outside competition is sometimes heard in the political debate. The standard of living has been gradually increased for the residents, but the improvements are unevenly distributed. The economic upturn is most noticeable in Bangkok and its environs, and least in southern, northern and northeastern Thailand.
 - Countryaah.com: Major imports by Thailand, covering a full list of top products imported by the country and trade value for each product category.
Over a period of years after World War II, annual growth was usually 7-10 percent. The most noteworthy development took place in 1986–1996, when the structure of the economy also began to be seriously transformed. The basis for the economy, which was previously based on agriculture, was widened and the industry grew strong. Over a period, exports increased by 30 percent per year.
Asian crisis
Economical Facts of Thailand
But in 1997, the economy went into a serious crisis. Increased imports caused the current account deficit to grow. As a result, currency speculators attacked the national currency, Baht. The central bank tried to keep the exchange rate up through support purchases and raised interest rates. The foreign exchange reserve shrank rapidly. At the same time, reduced foreign investment had created overcapacity in the real estate and construction industries, which had problems paying off their loans. This, in turn, affected the finance companies that were feeding on lending money to the construction industry. In June 1997, the real estate and financial markets collapsed. It became clear that the banking system was working poorly.
 - Abbreviationfinder.org: Check this abbreviation website to find three letter ISO codes for all countries in the world, including THA which represents the country of Thailand. Check findjobdescriptions to learn more about Thailand.
In July the baht was released, and in a few months the value against the dollar had halved. The loan body IMF decided on a support package of about $ 17 billion. Tough requirements were linked to the auxiliary package. Thailand needs to tighten interest rate and currency policy, increase VAT and cut government budgets. Thailand passed the IMF's requirements and began repaying the loans in 2000.
Several different institutions were set up to restore the credibility of the financial system after the so-called Asian crisis of 1997–1998. The state took over six banks and a bank emergency was set up. Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's government (2001–2006) ran an active campaign to reduce public sector imports of goods and services. A sale of several state-owned companies was initiated, but the process is slow.
Political concerns are affecting the economy
During the first year of the 2000s, the economy again showed good growth. The Thaksin government introduced a series of reforms that favored poor rural residents: investment funds for small farmers, deferred mortgages on loans from a state bank and preferential loans to buy houses. One particular bank would give credit to low-income earners and another bank would give loans to SMEs.
The military coup against Thaksin in the autumn of 2006 (see Modern history) caused great concern in the financial market. The military-backed government, which was appointed after the coup, sought to calm the market by emphasizing that the country's economic rate was set. But as early as February 2007, the Minister of Finance, the respected former Governor of the Central Bank Pridiyathorn Devakula, had to step down after harsh criticism for a series of economic decisions that led foreign investors to leave the country and the stock market to collapse.
The Thaksin-faithful government formed after the December 2007 election promised to pursue the deposed prime minister's efforts in the poor areas of the country's periphery. But the continued political uncertainty had a negative impact on the economy. Not least, the airport occupations in the autumn of 2008, when hundreds of thousands of tourists were stranded, caused a major financial breakdown for the tourism industry. At the same time, the global economic downturn hit Thailand with full force, due to shrinking exports, declining tourist incomes and reduced contributions from Thais with jobs abroad. Compared to the autumn of 2007, the economy shrank by more than 4 percent in the last months of 2008. Exports, which account for three-quarters of the country's GDP, fell by almost a tenth.
Expensive floods
Although the weakness was deep, the economy could quickly turn up again from the second quarter of 2009, thanks to increased income from exports and tourism as well as a rising private consumption combined with government efforts by the Abhisit government (2008–2011) to stimulate the economy. Despite new political unrest in the spring of 2010 (see Modern history), the positive economic development continued, and in July the central bank raised the interest rate for fear of rising inflation. However, the tourism industry lost big revenue as a result of the protests in Bangkok.
In October 2011, the Yingluck government (2011–2014) launched a program for subsidies to the country's rice farmers. The program guaranteed the rice growers a fixed price for the harvesters. However, the rice subsidies soon proved to be expensive and government debt began to rise. The high price of Thai rice also caused the country to lose market share to countries such as India, Vietnam and China.
The Thai economy shrank by 9 percent in the last quarter of 2011, compared to the same period the year before. However, the main reason was the severe flooding that hit the country earlier that year. Several industries saw their production and profits decline as a result of the floods, including foreign companies such as Honda, Toshiba and Fujitsu. Prime Minister Yingluck announced that the government would allocate 350 billion baht (equivalent to SEK 75 billion) for reconstruction following the natural disaster.
A rapid economic recovery was noted in the first quarter of 2012, both for GDP growth and for industrial production. GDP grew by 11 percent during the first three months of the year compared to the previous quarter. The second quarter of 2012 also showed an economic upturn. Growth was driven by increased domestic consumption and growing exports in the manufacturing industry.
Expensive rice subsidies
The economic downturn in the world also affected the Thai economy during the second half of 2012. Demand for Thai goods abroad decreased but was offset by continued strong domestic consumption. Inflation was relatively low. On the whole, the country seemed to be recovering well from the 2011 flood disaster.
However, during the first half of 2013, economic growth again fluctuated downwards and the country went into a recession (economic decline) since growth has been negative for two consecutive quarters. In June, the government cut down on the expensive rice subsidies, which angered the rice farmers in the northeast.
In early 2014, reports emerged that the Thai economy has been hurt by the political turmoil that has been going on since the fall of 2013 (see Modern History). GDP growth in the first quarter of the year shrank, compared with the last quarter of 2013. The causes of the economic difficulties were numerous: foreign investors were scared away from the country by political turmoil, tourists chose other destinations, exports dropped and households consumed less. Several of the major government-critical demonstrations had been held in Bangkok's business district, which also hampered economic development.
Military junta's emergency plan
In February, China withdrew from a planned major purchase of Thai rice. The reason China changed was that a review was initiated against the government's program for rice purchases. A calculation had shown that the rice subsidies cost the Thai taxpayers $ 6 billion a year. The Yingluck government now chose to abolish the rice subsidies.
In May 2014, the Yingluck government was deposed in a military coup. Among other things, the military management used the employed economy as an argument for their actions. The new military leadership quickly presented an economic crisis plan. A number of measures would be taken in the coming year to increase the confidence of the Thai economy and the foreign investors abroad. The Military Council stressed the importance of keeping the budget in balance and having coverage for all expenses. The governing continued to pay subsidies to the farmers.
In October 2014, the military junta presented an economic stimulus package with major infrastructure investments, mainly on new highways and irrigation systems, as well as fuel subsidies. The Thai Ministry of Finance announced that the rice subsidy program has resulted in a total loss of 518 billion baht ($ 15.7 billion), which was more than twice as much as previously estimated. The IMF demanded that the rice subsidies be completely abolished.
Weak growth, high costs
In August 2016, the central bank announced that foreign investment has not been so low since 2005. The military regime looked to deter investors from outside. Private consumption had also slowed down. Money was now pumped in to develop Thailand's poor eastern parts. New railways and airports were planned. At the same time, exports increased, the baht strengthened and tourists flocked.
In early 2017,


Vertical elliptic operator for efficient wave propagation in TTI media
Umair bin Waheed, Tariq Ali Alkhalifah
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
3 Scopus citations
Elliptic wave extrapolation operators require significantly less computational cost than the ones for transversely isotropic (TI) media. However, it does not provide accurate wavefield representation or imaging for the prevalent TI media. We propose a new vertical elliptically anisotropic (VEA) wave equation by decomposing the acoustic TI pseudo-differential wave equation. The decomposition results in a vertical elliptic differential equation and a scalar operator. The new VEA-like wave equation shares the same dispersion relation as that of the original acoustic TI wave equation. Therefore, the kinematic contents are correctly matched to the original equation. Moreover, the proposed decomposition yields better amplitude properties than the isotropic decomposition without increasing the computational load. Therefore, it exhibits better cost versus accuracy tradeoff compared to the isotropic or the tilted elliptic decompositions. We demonstrate with numerical examples that the proposed methodology is numerically stable for complex models and is free from shear-wave artifacts.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3560-3564
Number of pages5
JournalSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015
StatePublished - Aug 19 2015
Dive into the research topics of 'Vertical elliptic operator for efficient wave propagation in TTI media'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this


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Canada Sees Mixed Trends in Thyroid Cancer
Canada Sees Mixed Trends in Thyroid Cancer
TORONTO—Two large, population-based studies with over 35 years of data revealed some of the factors that have influenced the incidence of thyroid cancer. Two key findings: Canadian men and people living in rural areas generally present with more advanced disease and the incidence of anaplastic thyroid cancer is waning. The studies were presented at the 2009 World Congress on Thyroid Cancer.
In the province of Ontario, men and patients who live in rural areas tend to present with larger thyroid tumors, according to a study led by Stephen Hall, MD, an otolaryngologist at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. The study described the patients, the tumors, the surgical procedures, and the surgeons who treated differentiated thyroid cancer in the province from 1990 to 2002.
The study population consisted of 3,500 differentiated thyroid cancer patients from urban, suburban, and rural regions. Data sources included records from the Ontario Cancer Registry and the Cancer Research Institute at Queen's University (oral session 3).
Dr. Hall reported that the number of differentiated thyroid cancers increased in the 12-year period. Most patients had tumors that were smaller than 1 cm or tumors that were between 2 and 4 cm; few patients had tumors larger than 4 cm. Patients who lived outside of Toronto, which is the most densely populated area of the province, tended to present with tumors larger than 2 cm. If they lived in a rural area—four of the seven regions in Ontario are designated as rural—they presented with still larger tumors. "This comes as no great surprise. This has to do with access to imaging and patient demand," Dr. Hall said.
In most cases, initial treatment consisted of total thyroidectomy. The extent of surgery was influenced by gender, with total thyroidectomy performed more often in males than in females. However, age did not make a difference: the percentages of total thyroidectomies and partial thyroidectomies were the same for younger and older patients.
Tumor size was also a factor in the extent of surgery, although not to the degree that the investigators were expecting. Although most patients had a total thyroidectomy regardless of their tumor size, almost 60% of patients with tumors smaller than 1 cm had a total thyroidectomy. This percentage was roughly the same in patients who had tumors that were larger than 4 cm.
Meanwhile, in Manitoba, Ontario's neighbor to the west, the incidence of anaplastic thyroid cancer has dropped, possibly as a result of iodine supplementation in the diet and less multinodular goiter. However, Hrthle thyroid cancer incidence has gone up.
Data from the Canadian Cancer Statistics showed a 100% nationwide increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in males and a 90% increase in females in recent years, while mortality rates increased in males by 0.7% but were reduced by 1.5% in females, reported K. Alok Pathak, MS, DNB, an associate professor in the department of surgery at the University of Manitoba Faculty of Medicine in Winnipeg.
Dr. Pathak's study looked at 1,702 consecutive thyroid cancer patients seen in Manitoba from 1970 to 2005. The median follow up was 152 months. The majority of patients (75%) were female, with a mean age at diagnosis of 48 years. Most patients had stage T1 or T2 disease, and 74% were node-negative at the time they presented. Only 4% presented with distant metastases. During the later part of the study period (2000-2005), 366 thyroid cancers were seen vs 160 earlier in the study (_PHONE_). However, the five-year disease-specific survival steadily improved between 1970 and 2005, from 75.7% to 95%.
Also, the proportion of undifferentiated cancers fell from 19.4% (_PHONE_) to 5.5% (2000-2005). Differentiated thyroid cancer accounted for almost 90% of all thyroid cancer cases in Manitoba. There was an increase in incidence of Hrthle cell cancer and a decrease in anaplastic thyroid cancers. Multivariate analysis showed that disease-specific survival was independently influenced by tumor histology and grade (hazard ratio [HR] = 26.1; P =.005), completeness of resection (HR = 82.9; P =.020), and age at diagnosis (HR = 1.1; P <.001). "In thyroid cancer, pathology is the determinant of successful outcome," Dr. Pathak said. "In low-risk thyroid cancer, which represents 90% of our thyroid cancers, adequate surgery is more than enough; you don't need to give adjuvant treatment for that. I think that is the important message."


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Published: 09 October 1999
Getting out of bed will help you get better quicker
New evidence suggests that the best way to recover from a range of medical complaints and surgical operations from bad backs to heart attacks is to get out of bed as soon as you can.
Resting in bed in such cases has few benefits and can be harmful according to a study by a University of Queensland research team.
Chris Allen, a science graduate who is completing the third year of the University's Graduate Medical Course, questioned the effectiveness of bed-rest as a treatment for many medical conditions.
With the encouragement of Professor Chris Del Mar and Associate Professor Paul Glasziou, from the University's Centre for General Practice, Mr Allen systematically probed the worlds medical research records looking for evidence. The outcome was startling.
"Far from being of any benefit, resting in bed for long periods can actually be harmful, " Mr Allen said.
"I studied reports of 5,777 patients and there's just no evidence that resting in bed helps or speeds recovery from surgical operations.
"Lying in bed doesn't help conditions such as TB, infectious hepatitis, low back pain or heart attacks either.
"The best treatment is to get up as soon as you feel you have the strength. This may be as soon as three days after cardiac surgery."
The belief that resting in bed is a useful treatment dates back to Hippocrates. The notion gained strong support in the 19th century and in many cases is still considered relevant today.
"Ideas about the value of bed-rest for some medical conditions are so entrenched that doctors have been slow to change even when faced the evidence of the ineffectiveness of the treatment," Mr Allen said.
"A 1998 study of spinal puncture procedures in England revealed 80 percent of neurological units insisted on bed-rest following the procedure, despite evidence published 17 years earlier that resting in bed had no value."
But what if you have a bad cold or flu and you're feeling weak and terrible?
According to Professor Del Mar it's necessary to distinguish between the use of bed-rest as a way of palliating symptoms like the flu, and its use as a treatment to speed recovery from surgery or medical conditions.
"Staying in bed for a day or so is sometimes the only way of getting relief from flu symptoms," Professor Del Mar said.
"The best available evidence suggests that getting up as soon as possible and resuming normal activities is the fastest route to recovery."
For further information contact Professor Chris Del Mar on 3365 5381
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Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Boston, MA: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, 2011 Apr; :1-12
More than three million individuals work in Massachusetts in over 200,000 workplaces. These workers drive our economy from the cutting edge sector of biotechnology and health care to the traditional jobs in fishing and construction. While work is fundamental to well being, working conditions can also negatively effect health. This is most obvious in jobs such as construction where many dangers are well recognized, but exposure to chemicals, chronic wear and tear, and stress at work can also take a toll. Each year, thousands of Massachusetts workers are injured on the job or become ill as a result of exposure to health and safety hazards at work. These work-related health conditions result in substantial human and economic costs not only for workers and employers but also for society at large.(1) Workers' compensation claims alone in Massachusetts cost approximately $843 million in 2008(2) and there is increasing evidence that for many individuals with work-related injuries or illnesses, workers' compensation insurance does not pay for their medical care.(3,4) Work-related injuries and illnesses can be prevented. Successful approaches to making the workplace safer begin with having the data necessary to understand the problems. In 2003, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) recommended a set of occupational health indicators for use by the states.(5) These indicators are a set of common public health surveillance measures that allow states to uniformly collect and report available occupational illness, injury and risk data. Computed over time, these indicators allow states to track trends in the occupational health status of the working population and guide efforts to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses. In this brief report, we present a profile of the Massachusetts workforce and fifteen occupational health indicators for the Commonwealth based on the most recent data available for each indicator. Whenever possible, we also present national data and information by race and ethnicity. This year we have added two state specific indicators: numbers and rates of sharps injuries among hospital workers and work-related injuries to teens treated in emergency departments. The information used to generate these indicators is gathered from a variety of existing state data sources - as no single data source is adequate to describe occupational health problems in the state. Combining information from multiple sources into a single document provides a composite picture of the occupational health status of working people in Massachusetts. A more extensive report tracking these indicators over time is in progress. Given the limitations of the data sources currently available to capture work-related health conditions in Massachusetts, most of the indicators in this report are believed to be conservative - i.e. tend to underestimate the extent of the problem. Technical notes and a description of the data sources, including the limitations of each of the data sources used in generating these indicators are included at the end of the report. A detailed description of the methodology for generating these indicators is available in "Occupational Health Indicators: A Guide for Tracking Work-Related Health Effects and their Determinants."
Injuries; Injury-prevention; Health-care; Medical-care; Health-standards; Public-health; Occupational-health; Diseases; Disease-prevention; Surveillance-programs; Data-processing; Risk-factors; Information-processing; Information-systems; Standards; Emergency-care; Emergency-treatment; Needlestick-injuries; Demographic-characteristics; Statistical-analysis; Lost-work-days; Worker-health
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Surveillance Program, 250 Washington Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02108
Healthcare and Social Assistance
Putting data to work: occupational health indicators for Massachusetts.
Massachusetts State Department of Public Health


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Xylella: What Is It? What Problems Is It Causing? How Can We Solve Them?
First discovered in Italy, Xylella fastidiosa is a bacterium which causes disease in a variety of commercial plants, including citrus plants and several species of broadleaf trees widely grown in the UK. While Xylella isn't currently present in our country, the UK is still on high alert given the significance of the threat.
In this article we'll be taking an in-depth look at Xyella, detailing what can be done to combat some of the key problems we face as a result of it.
What is it?
Classed as one of the most harmful plant pathogenic bacteria in the world, Xylella lives in the water conducting vessels (xylem) of plants, moving both upstream and downstream. By doing this, Xylella restricts the movement of water and nutrients through the plant, starving it.
In nature, the bacteria are exclusively transmitted by insects from the Cicadellidae and Ceropidae families, such as leafhoppers and spittlebugs, which feed on plants' xylem fluid. Although these sorts of insects usually only fly short distances of around 100 metres, the wind can carry them much further than that making infection more widespread.
What problems is it causing?
Discovered in Italy in 2013 when a large group of olive trees in Lecce became diseased, Xylella has since spread throughout Corsica, France and other areas of mainland Europe throughout the following years thanks to a plethora of insect vectors. Given the sheer prevalence of such insects in certain countries, Xylella can spread through woodland areas at an alarming rate, to devastating effect. In the wild this sort of widespread infection tends to occur during warmer seasons, when insect vector populations are at their highest.
Infection by Xylella can result in a number of symptoms, such as leaf scorch, stunted growth, reduction in fruit quality and size and dieback. However, many infected plants demonstrate no symptoms. This can be particularly dangerous, as these plants can provide a reservoir for reinfection of other plants. This cycle can make Xylella extremely difficult to detect and control
What can we do about it?
Given how difficult it is to identify different instances of Xylella, infection control isn't always easy, however, it's certainly very important.
Currently, Xylella is subject to EU emergency measures. The control strategy here primarily aims to keep the bacterium out of its member states with very rigorous inspections. In the UK, landings of Xylella host species, such as elm and oak trees, must be made aware to plant health authorities as quickly as possible. This way, thorough inspections can be made before they make their way into the mainland.
Other regulations include restricted movements of specified host plants from the infected region of Apulia in southern Italy, and from third party countries outside the EU. This further reduces the risk Xylella spreading unchecked.
Based near Weybridge, Creepers are a specialist wholesale nursery for the luxury garden market. We offer a wide range of services, including the sourcing and growing of topiary specimens, garden design and installation services. With over 20 years of experience, we've built strong relationships with the finest growers in the UK, so you can expect only the highest quality of plants. For more information about Creepers, don't hesitate to get in touch.


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TRAINING PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE & DIAGNOSTICS
TRAINING PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS PROGRAM
TRAINING TROUBLESHOOTING AND DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
Pumps and compressors are generally critical machines in any production process, and hence it is vital that maintenance is most effective for these units. This course aims to provide delegates with a comprehensive understanding of how to use a combined predictive and preventive maintenance approach to achieve maximum reliability and greatest understanding of any deterioration that may occur.
Who Should Attend
Engineers, supervisory and technical staff involved in the monitoring, predictive maintenance and diagnostics of pumps and compressors.
The program assumes familiarity with the design and construction of pumps and compressors. From this starting point it adopts an analytical approach to understanding the failure of all types of pumps and compressors.
From a component-by-component perspective, the program investigates the root causes of failure, and relates these to operating conditions and process parameters. Design, installation, lubrication and wear related failure mechanisms are identified and a detailed understanding of the troubleshooting and diagnostic methods needed to detect and identify these is developed.
The program provides participants with the knowledge needed to be effective in the inspection, monitoring and diagnostics of pumps and compressors, with emphasis placed upon the importance of a combined condition monitoring and strip-down inspection approach to maintenance.
The program is delivered in a combination of lecture style and computer-based training. In addition, a significant amount of time is set aside for small working group activity when addressing case study problems. Extensive use is made of case study material to underline the key aspects of the course and to give the delegates exposure to current best practice.
PUMPS AND COMPRESSORS PROGRAM OUTLINE
Friction, lubrication and wear mechanisms.
Adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatigue and fretting
Machinery life cycles
Mechanical issues, balancing and alignment
Statistical reliability analysis
DAY – 2
Root cause of, symptoms and detection mechanisms for imbalance
Root cause of, symptoms and detection mechanisms for looseness
Root cause of, symptoms and detection mechanisms for misalignment
Root cause of, symptoms and detection mechanisms for gear problems
Root cause of, symptoms and detection mechanisms for bearing problems
Cavitation, causes and prevention
Anti-friction bearings: types, lifetime, mounting, applications, related problems
Plain and pad bearings, thrust bearings: operation, maintenance, incidents
Mechanical seals, types, operation, related problems
Other seals for positive displacement pumps and reciprocating compressors
Performing a balance
Overall and spectral measurements
Introduction to spectrum analysis
Shape, size, amount, chemical composition of debris
The role of condition monitoring in pumps and compressor maintenance Diagnostic methods
Capabilities and limitations of condition monitoring, and the need for a combined approach
The importance of plant inspection
Measurement devices, and what to monitor and where
Jadwal Pelatihan Transindo Tahun 2021 :
- 06 – 07 Januari 2021
- 21 – 22 Januari 2021
- 09 – 10 Februari 2021
- 22 – 23 Februari 2021
- 16 – 17 Maret 2021
- 29 – 30 Maret 2021
- 07 – 08 April 2021
- 20 – 21 April 2021
- 19 – 20 Mei 2021
- 10 – 11 Juni 2021
- 22 – 23 Juni 2021
- 06 – 07 Juli 2021
- 27 – 28 Juli 2021
- 04 – 05 Agustus 2021
- 19 – 20 Agustus 2021
- 07 – 08 September 2021
- 22 – 23 September 2021
- 12 – 13 Oktober 2021
- 28 – 29 Oktober 2021
- 09 – 10 November 2021
- 23 – 24 November 2021
- 09 – 10 Desember 2021
- 20 – 21 Desember 2021
Catatan : Jadwal tersebut dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan calon peserta pelatihan.
Investasi dan Lokasi pelatihan:
- Yogyakarta, Hotel Neo Malioboro (7.500.000 IDR / participant)
- Jakarta, Hotel Amaris Tendean (7.500.000 IDR / participant)
- Bandung, Hotel Neo Dipatiukur (7.500.000 IDR / participant)
- Bali, Hotel Ibis Kuta(7.500.000 IDR / participant)
- Surabaya, Hotel Amaris, Ibis Style (7.500.000 IDR / participant)
- Lombok, Sentosa Resort (7.500.000 IDR / participant)
Catatan : Apabila perusahaan membutuhkan paket in house training, anggaran investasi pelatihan dapat menyesuaikan dengan anggaran perusahaan.
- FREE Airport pickup service (Gratis Antar jemput Hotel/Bandara/Stasiun/Terminal)
- FREE Akomodasi Peserta ke tempat pelatihan.
- Module / Handout
- FREE Flashdisk
- FREE Bag or bagpackers (Tas Training)
- Training Kit (Dokumentasi photo, Blocknote, ATK, etc)
- 2xCoffe Break & 1 Lunch, Dinner
- FREE Souvenir Exclusive
- Training room full AC and Multimedia


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The Cyber Threat Landscape Evolution: How the Pandemic Changed the Attack Surface in Healthcare
June 02, 2021 I 12:00 pm CT
What you will learn:
- The proliferation of cyber threats in the pandemic and post-pandemic era.
- Risks to data in transit use cases for healthcare professionals.
- Endpoint protection implications.
- Mitigation strategies against post-pandemic threats.
Has your practice been the target of a phishing scam? Are you worried about exposing patient Protected Health Information (PHI)? Is your email inbox safe and secure?
Learn the latest on the evolved campaigns for phishing and how to protect your business, particularly with the increase of remote workforce settings.
During this free webinar, you'll learn mitigation strategies and how to strengthen your security strategy to avoid attacks.
For any queries, write to us at _EMAIL_