text:
BIRMINGHAM, Alabama --The University of Alabama at Birmingham is recruiting 30 adults, ages 55-75, for a study to see whether a high-carbohydrate breakfast such as doughnuts or white bread might turn off the body's ability to burn fat throughout the day, as it has been shown to do in animals.
Barbara Gower, a UAB professor in the Department of Nutrition Sciences in the School of Health Professions, has received a $160,000 grant from the Egg Nutrition Center to study how food eaten for breakfast can affect a person's metabolic health, UAB announced Tuesday.
"Morning appears to be the time of day when your body is geared up to burn fat," Gower said in a statement.
According to previous research conducted by Molly Bray, a professor in the Department of Epidemiology in the UAB School of Public Health, a high-carbohydrate meal given to mice as the day's first meal impaired the animals' ability to burn fat later in the day. The mice that ate those meals also were fatter at the end of the study and their blood-lipid profile was worse. This study might translate to humans, according to Gower.
Gower said a person's first meal of the day appears to program metabolism for the rest of the day. So, if a person eats a high-carbohydrate meal, the body may shut off its fat-burning activity, leading to obesity and elevated triglycerides. That could increase a person's risk for heart disease and diabetes.
"The concept we're examining is that you burn more fuel and burn it more efficiently if you eat the right fuel at the right time of the day," Gower said. "Eating foods higher in fat and protein, such as eggs or meat in combination with other healthful foods low in refined carbohydrates, such as dairy products, whole-grain products and whole fruit for breakfast, is what your metabolism is designed to burn."
Those interested in participating in the clinical trial in the Birmingham area should contact _PHONE_. Participants will be given all breakfast foods and will be given instructions for eating healthful, well-balanced lunches and dinners


'Authenticity' in Mexican restaurants depends on views of managers and patrons
Food, from its production to its consumption, is a strong cultural symbol and often is a direct expression of group identity. According to a study published by Stephen Christ, a University of Missouri sociologist, food also can mark the boundaries of culture, tradition and authenticity. Whether or not a Mexican restaurant is considered "authentic" is completely subjective; yet, Christ believes that authentic Mexican restaurants, while symbolizing boundaries between private cultural and ethnic customs, also function as sites for public display of ethnic and cultural identities. He adds that Mexican-American restaurants, while claiming authenticity, may be leading to the assimilation of Mexican culture into the American lifestyle, which could have implications for future immigration policy changes. —> Read More
Why Do My Eyes Tear Up When I Yawn?
When you see someone yawn, you might yawn too and something else may also happen. You might shed a tear or two.
When we yawn, the facial muscles surrounding our eyes pull tight. This may put pressure on our lacrimal glands (the glands that are neatly tucked away deep beneath our upper eyelids just below our eyebrow bones.) These glands produce the watery component to our eyes' own natural tears. They are working to produce and release tears slowly throughout the day to coat the surface of our eyes at all times, not just when we cry (think about it, that is why our eyes always look so glossy.) When the facial muscles tighten during a yawn, the lacrimal glands may get "squeezed" causing them to release a small amount of tears that they were storing to release later.
So the next time you let out a big yawn (hopefully it didn't happen already while reading this), pay attention to the muscles around your eyes to feel them tighten and then make note whether or not you get a little teary eyed. It's not sad, it's just science.
—> Read More
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Determination of Diffusion Kinetic Parameters and Potential Barrier Height at the Grain Boundary of the Semiconducting SrTiO3 Ceramics
The chemical and electrical characteristics of the grain boundary of the polycrystalline semiconducting SrTiO3 ceramics, which were synthesized by hot-press sintering Na-coated semiconducting SrTiO3 powders, were investigated in terms of process parameters such as sintering temperature. Diffusion kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficients and activation energy of diffusing ions at particular heat-treatment conditions were obtained by fitting experimental data with computer-simulated results as well as electrical features near the grain boundary of the ceramics.
S.-G. Kang and T. Kobayashi
M. B. Park and N. H. Cho, "Determination of Diffusion Kinetic Parameters and Potential Barrier Height at the Grain Boundary of the Semiconducting SrTiO3 Ceramics", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 449-452, pp. 733-736, 2004

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
the following characteristics:
- Two seater aircraft having an all up weight of not more than 450 kg (992 lb) without parachute and 472 kg (1,041 lb) with parachute
- A stall speed of less than 80 km/h (43 kn)
- A maximum level speed of less than 220 km/h (119 kn)
- 1 or 2 seats
- A single engine, reciprocating, rotary or diesel
- A fixed or ground adjustable propeller
- Un-pressurized cabin
- Wing area more than 10 square metres
- A fixed landing gear, except for operation on water or as a glider
Indian ultralights require aircraft registration, periodic condition inspections and a current permit to fly which has to be renewed annually.
New Zealand
In New Zealand microlight aircraft are separated into two classes, basically single and two seat aircraft. All microlights are required to have a prescribed endurance testing period when they are first flown, and all microlights must have a minimum set of instrumentation to show airspeed (except powered parachutes), altitude and magnetic heading.
- NZ Class 1
- Single seat aircraft with a design gross weight of 544 kg (1,199 lb) (landplanes) or 579 kg (1,276 lb) (seaplanes or amphibians), or less, and a stall speed in the landing configuration of 45 knots (83 km/h) or less. Requires aircraft registration, and annual condition inspections, but does not require a permit to fly.
- NZ Class 2
- Two seat aircraft with a design gross weight of 544 kg (1,199 lb) (landplanes) or 614 kg (1,354 lb) (seaplanes or amphibians), or less, and a stall speed of 45 knots (83 km/h) or less in the landing configuration. Must meet minimum type acceptance standards which may be foreign standards which have been deemed acceptable, or via a temporary permit to fly and flight testing regime. Requires aircraft registration, annual condition inspections, and a current permit to fly.
An aircraft that does not possess an aircraft type certificate issued by any country/state. It is, of simple design and constriction, either a homebuilt or a kit built variety and for recreational and sport use, day VFR condition only.
A class of non-type certificated aircraft is applicable to all classifications, including powered parachutes, gyrocopter, fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.
United States
The United States FAA's definition of an ultralight is significantly different from that in most other countries and can lead to some confusion when discussing the topic. The governing regulation in the United States is FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles, which specifies a powered "ultralight" as a single seat vehicle of less than 5 US gallons (19 L) fuel capacity, empty weight of less than 254 pounds (115 kg), a top speed of 55 knots (102 km/h or 64 mph), and a maximum stall speed not exceeding 24 knots (45 km/h or 27.6 mph). Restrictions include flying only during daylight hours and over unpopulated areas. Unpowered "ultralights" (hang gliders, paragliders, etc.) are limited to a weight of 155 lb (70 kg) with extra weight allowed for amphibious landing gear and ballistic parachute systems.
In 2004 the FAA introduced the "Light-sport aircraft" category, which resembles some other countries' microlight categories.
In the United States no license or training is required by law for ultralights, but training is highly advisable. For light-sport aircraft a sport pilot certificate is required.
Types of aircraft
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (February 2011)|
While ultralight-type planes date back to the early 1900s (such as the Santos-Dumont Demoiselle), there have been three generations of modern, fixed-wing ultralight aircraft designs, which are generally classed by the type of structure.
The first generation of modern ultralights were actually hang gliders with small engines added to them, to create powered hang gliders. The wings on these were flexible, braced by wires, and steered by shifting the pilot's weight under the wing.
The second generation ultralights began to arrive in the mid-1970s. These were designed as powered aircraft, but still used wire bracing and usually single-surface wings. Most of these have "2-axis" control systems, operated by stick or yoke, which control the elevators (pitch) and the rudder (yaw) -- there are no ailerons, so may be no direct control of banking (roll). A few 2-axis designs use spoilers on the top of the wings, and pedals for rudder control. Examples of 2-Axis ultralights are the "Pterodactyl" and the "Quicksilver MX".
The third generation ultralights, arriving in the early 1980s, have strut-braced wings and airframe structure. Nearly all use 3-axis control systems, as used on standard airplanes, and these are the most popular. Third generation designs include the CGS Hawk, Kolb Ultrastar and Quad City Challenger.
There are several types of aircraft which qualify as ultralights, but which do not have fixed-wing designs. These include:
- Weight-shift control trike: while the first generation ultralights were also controlled by weight shift, most of the current weight shift ultralights use a hang glider-style wing, below which is suspended a three-wheeled carriage which carries the engine and aviators. These aircraft are controlled by pushing against a horizontal control bar in roughly the same way as a hang glider pilot flies. Trikes generally have impressive climb rates and are ideal for rough field operation, but are slower than other types of fixed-wing ultralights.
- Powered parachutes: cart mounted engines with parafoil wings, which are wheeled aircraft.
- Powered paragliding: backpack engines with parafoil wings, which are foot-launched.
- Powered hang glider: motorized foot-launched hang glider harness.
- Autogyro: rotary wing with cart mounted engine, a gyrocopter is different from a helicopter in that the rotating wing is not powered, the engine provides forward thrust and the airflow through the rotary blades causes them to autorotate or "spin up" to create lift. Most of these use a design based on the Bensen B-8 gyrocopter.
- Helicopter: there are a number of single-seat and two-place helicopters which fall under the microlight categories in countries such as New Zealand. However, few helicopter designs fall within the more restrictive ultralight category defined in the United States of America. Two examples that do are the Mosquito Air and XEL designs from Innovator Technologies, Inc.
- Hot air balloon: there are numerous ultralight hot air balloons in the US, and several more have been built and flown in France and Australia in recent years. Some ultralight hot air balloons are hopper balloons, while others are regular hot air balloons that carry passengers in a basket.
Electric powered ultralights
Research has been conducted in recent years to replace gasoline engines in ultralights with electric motors powered by batteries to produce electric aircraft. This has now resulted in practical production electric power systems for some ultralight applications. These developments have been motivated by cost as well as environmental concerns. In many ways ultralights are a good application for electric power as some models are capable of flying with low power, which allows longer duration flights on battery power.
In 2007 Electric Aircraft Corporation began offering engine kits to convert ultralight weight shift trikes to electric power. The 18 hp motor weighs 26 lb (12 kg) and an efficiency of 90% is claimed by designer Randall Fishman. The battery consists of a lithium-polymer battery pack of 5.6kwh which provides 1.5 hours of flying in the trike application. The power system for a trike costs USD $8285. to $11285. The company claims a flight recharge cost of 60 cents.
Notable microlight/ultralight manufacturers
See also
- Aerosport (airshow)
- Backpack helicopter
- Experimental Aircraft Association
- Recreational Aviation Australia
- United States Ultralight Association
- United States Powered Paragliding Association
- Boric, Marino, Spoilt For Choice, Bayerl, Robby; Martin Berkemeier; et al (editors): World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011-12, page 10. WDLA UK, Lancaster UK, 2011. ISSN 1368-485X
- Transport Canada (October 2010). "Summary of the Canadian Civil Aircraft Register - Number of Aircraft by Category of Aircraft - October 2010". Retrieved 12 November 2010.
- An overview of the legislative framework enabling sport and recreational aviation Accessed 7 January 2012
- Synopsis: the Light Sport Aircraft category Accessed 7 January 2012
- Hang Gliding Federation of Australia (undated). "The HGFA". Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- Recreational Aviation Australia Inc (August 2007). "About the RA-Aus association and our mission". Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- Legal Services Group Civil Aviation Safety Authority (July 2007). "PART 200 Aircraft to which CASR do not apply". Retrieved 25 May 2008.
- "RBHA 103A regulation, in portuguese". Retrieved 21

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
The current COVID-19 pandemic raises important questions about the role of emergency physicians in making decisions about CPR and allocation of scarce resources.
CPR efforts expend significant human and material resources, and they are associated with poor outcomes. Emergency physicians caring for patients with critical illness should help those patients understand their treatment alternatives and encourage them to reflect on and communicate their goals of care. Information about prognosis, including published data indicating that a high percentage of elderly COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure do not survive despite ventilator therapy, can enable patients to make more informed decisions about accepting or forgoing certain treatment options.1
Treating physicians routinely ask about preferences regarding CPR, but physicians also make some decisions about whether and how to do CPR. When physicians are making such decisions, they should consider the likelihood of benefit (ie, survival to discharge), as well as the risks to providers (disease transmission despite appropriate personal protective equipment [PPE]), and other patients (diversion of resources from the care of other patients). According to American Heart Association guidelines, when CPR is performed on patients with known or suspected COVID-19, treatment priorities include:2
- Reduce provider exposure (appropriate PPE, limit number of persons in the room).
- Prioritize oxygenation and ventilation strategies with lower aerosolization risk.
- Consider the appropriateness of starting and continuing resuscitation.
In its policy on non-beneficial ("futile") emergency medical interventions, ACEP offers additional guidance:3
- Physicians are under no ethical obligation to render interventions that they judge to have no realistic likelihood of benefit to the patient.
- An emergency physician's judgments to withhold or withdraw requested interventions should be unbiased and should be based on available scientific evidence and societal and professional standards.
Delegate Allocation Decisions
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a major surge of critically ill patients in several nations. When such a surge of patients exceeds the critical care capacity of a hospital or health system, physicians must decide how to allocate scarce resources, such as ventilators, ICU beds, and even general hospital beds. Health care systems should designate triage officers or teams with multidisciplinary expertise, rather than clinicians caring for these patients, to make allocation decisions.4 This independent approach not only serves to decrease or eliminate bias in triage decisions, but also shifts the burden of morally distressing triage decisions from emotionally involved caregivers to those for whom the decisions must be objective. In these crisis situations, emergency physicians may confront difficult decisions about how to allocate limited ED treatment resources provisionally among large numbers of severely ill ED patients, and they may also be responsible to alert triage teams promptly to the presence of ED patients with indications for scarce critical care resources.


The History of the Sarpadian Empires
Posted in Arcana on October 5, 2006
By Wizards of the Coast
Sarpadian Empires Vol VII
UntilTime Spiral, the story of the Sarpadian Empires (also known as the Fallen Empires set) had only six volumes. But with the introduction of the long-awaited Volume VII, it seems like a good time to go back and look at the story of the previous volumes, as far as we can tell from the fragments that appear on flavor text:
Volume I
Volume I of Sarpadian Empires sets the scene for the set: Orcs and Goblins are attacking the Dwarves and the Order of Leitbur while the Elves are dealing with climate changes by breeding Thallids.
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
Dwarven Soldier"Although the Dwarves staunchly defended their walled city-states against the Orcs, their civilization was the first to fall, and its name was sadly lost." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Feral Thallid"Born and bred of fungus, Thallids were nearly impossible to kill." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Orcish Spy"Orcish armies often employed the smaller, swifter, and less intelligent Goblins as spies." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Order of Leitbur"Trained to battle the followers of Tourach, the Order of Leitbur was not as successful in later conflicts with Orcish and Goblin raiders." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Thorn Thallid"The cooling climate forced the Elves to experiment with new food sources." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Aeolipile"Although fragile, the Aeolipile could be quite destructive." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Balm of Restoration"Not all armies enjoyed the services of a medic. For them, Balm of Restoration was that much more valuable." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. I
Volume II
In Volume II, which deals with the black cards, Endrek Sahr's Thrulls rebel against the Order of the Ebon Hand.
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
Thrull Retainer"Until the Rebellion, Thrulls served their masters faithfully—even at the cost of their own lives." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Thrull Wizard"In crafting intelligent Thrulls to assist in sacrifices, Sahr inadvertantly set the stage for the Thrull Rebellion." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Derelor"The derelor's greatest contribution to the Ebon Hand was the inspirational effect its creator's execution had upon the other thrull breeders." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Hymn to Tourach"The eerie, wailing Hymn caused insanity even in hardened warriors." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Hymn to Tourach"Tourach's power was such that his followers deified him after his death." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Initiates of the Ebon Hand"Many Initiates sacrificed a hand to become full members of the Order." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. II
Volume III
Volume III addresses the fall of the Elves. Looking for a new food source, the Elves encouraged the Thallids, which created Saprolings, which drove the Elves out.
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
Thorn Thallid"Scholars still debate whether the Thallids were truly sentient." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Elvish Hunter"As the climate cooled, many Elves turned to Thallid farming for food, while the Hunters honed their skills on what little game remained." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Fungal Bloom"Thallids could absorb energy from the forest itself. Even Elves were at a disadvantage in fighting them." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Night Soil"There were often more Thallids after a battle than before." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Thorn Thallid"The danger in cultivating massive plants caught the elves by surprise." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Elvish Hunter"Elves often tipped their arrows with a drug that caused a deep but harmless sleep." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Thelonite Monk"As the climate worsened, some Thelonites turned to fertilizing with fresh blood in an attempt to keep Havenwood alive and growing." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. III
Volume IV
In Volume IV, the Orcs and Goblins attack and eventually destroy the Dwarves and Icatia.
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
Brassclaw Orcs"Brassclaws were typical Orcs—quick to laud their own prowess in battle, quick to jeer at their opponents, and quicker still to run away when things started to look slightly dangerous." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Brassclaw Orcs"The large brass claws worn by some Sarpadian Orc tribes were among the least feared weapons ever known." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Brassclaw Orcs"The Brassclaws delighted in lightning raids on Icatian and Dwarven towns; an unprepared enemy is easier to defeat." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Dwarven Armorer"The few remaining pieces from this period suggest the Dwarves eventually made weapons and armor out of everything, even children's toys." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Dwarven Lieutenant"Dwarven officers were tireless in battle, moving up and down the lines to rally their troops and boost morale." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Empty the Warrens"They'd pour out of the warrens to make war (and to make room for the littering matrons)." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Goblin Grenade"According to accepted theory, the Grenade held some kind of flammable mixture and was carried to its target by a hapless Goblin." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Goblin War Drums"The Goblins' dreaded War Drums struck terror into the hearts of even their bravest foes." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Goblin Warrens"Goblins bred underground, their numbers hidden from the enemy until it was too late." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. IV
Volume V
Even though the Vodalians were able to adapt to the changing climate, a new threat was able to usurp their place; Volume V describes the coming of the Homarids
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
High Tide"By the time their enemies noticed the sea's changing mood, the Vodalians had often shifted formation and were ready to attack." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. V
Vodalian Soldiers"Vodalian Soldiers had some unique advantages. Often they would ride into battle on war machines rumored to have come from the far northern oceans." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. V
Vodalian Soldiers"The cooling climate introduced a new threat to Vodalia: the Homarids. Once a minor nuisance, they thrived in the changing environment. Their ceaseless attacks strained Vodalia's defenses to their limit, eventually overwhelming the empire." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. V
River Merfolk"Dwelling in icy mountain streams near Goblin and Orcish foes, the River Merfolk were known for their stoicism." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. V
Svyelunite Priest"Early Vodalians worshipped Svyelun, goddess of the Pearl Moon. Later she became a more abstract figure." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. V
Volume VI
And Volume VI (until Time Spiral, the final volume) concerns the doom that came to Icatia.
CardSarpadian Empires Fragment
Goblin Grenade"Without their massive numbers, the Goblins could never have launched such a successful offensive." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Combat Medic"Without Combat Medics, Icatia would probably not have withstood the forces of chaos as long as it did." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Icatian Infantry"Valiant Icatia was the last of the Sarpadian empires to fall. Its faithful soldiers defended their cities to the very end." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Combat Medic"Although Icatia's Combat Medics borrowed much of their knowledge from other societies, their skills were their own." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Icatian Scout"Because the Orc hordes attacked along the entire border, Scouts were essential to Icatia's defense." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Orcish Veteran"Orcs often greeted promotions to Icatian battle with anguished wails and pleas for mercy." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Order of the Ebon Hand"There are intriguing similarities between the Order and Icatia's Leitbur religion, suggesting the two had a common origin." —Sarpadian Empires, vol. VI
Volume VII
Of course, Time Spiral brings us the previously-unknown Sarpadian Empires, Vol. VII. And what does it do? By itself, it replicates five cards that are central to the story of the


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The most reliable way to tell if any protein is cooked to a certain temperture is to use an ''instant'' reading thermometer. With a dial about the size of a half dollar mounted on what looks like a thin spike, these thermometers quickly and accurately take the meat's temperature. This type of thermometer is never left in the meat during cooking.
An instant-reading thermometer is easy to use. Just push it into the meat at least several inches and make sure it is not touching the bone. Wait about 40 seconds to get a sure reading. Keep in mind that the internal temperature will continue to rise as much as 10 degrees while the meat rests away from or out of the heat source.


« What We've Uncovered… About the Risk Assessment Standards | Main | Vast Majority of CPAs Manually Calculate Cost Basis »
Not-for-profits continue to encounter unique measurement challenges for gifts in kind. There are a variety of approaches available for not-for-profits to value GIK, which can result in large disparities between handlings by different not-for-profits and questions about the application of generally accepted accounting practices to GIK. Other issues such as identifying the applicable principle markets and the effect of nominal fees on GIK require not-for-profits to scrutinize their GIK practices to ensure GAAP is being properly applied.
Not-for-profits must measure all non-cash contributions such as items auctioned off for charity; excess or obsolete goods given to charity to help fulfill its mission; free print or web advertising space and even radio advertisement air time. However, measuring these intangible items can be challenging, as not-for-profits who receive such gifts would not otherwise purchase or sell them and not-for-profit administrators simply may not know the fair market value of these gifts or have access to valuation information.
When trying to measure value of non-cash gifts to not-for-profits, it's important for CPAs to understand these six important tips:
 1. Intent is vital. While all other facts and circumstances help to determine intent, it is ultimately the donor's intent that rules the restriction classification. The not-for-profit has a fiduciary, and in most cases, a legal obligation to follow any restrictions donors place on the use of contributed resources and that may affect a not-for-profit's performance and its ability to provide services.
 2. Focus on discretion. It is important to focus on the discretion a not-for-profit has in determining the intended beneficiary and the extent of variance power the not-for-profit holds. If the original beneficiary no longer needs or cannot accept the goods or, for any reason, the goods are determined to not be acceptable, does the not-for-profit have the authority to redirect the goods to another beneficiary? If so, the not-for-profit likely has variance power.
 3. Determine who bears the risk. Take a hard look at who bears the risks and rewards of ownership over GIK by determining whether your not-for-profit or your client takes physical or constructive possession of the GIK. (i.e., having physical possession of an item generally means that person is responsible for its risk of loss and has a reward of use).
 4. Fair value is now based on "exit" price. It's difficult to find comparable sales data, making it that much more important for not-for-profits to develop a reasonable process for valuing GIK. A not-for-profit's process might include searching the active and principal market for a measurable exit price determination.
 5. Understand the differences between asset restrictions and organizational restrictions. Asset restrictions can have an impact on valuation, whereas organizational restrictions do not. Organizational restrictions will have an impact on the net asset classification, but should not impact valuation.
 6. There is no "one size fits all" approach. For any GIK valuation, there will be judgment in applying indicators and determining the appropriate treatment.
Because there really is no "one size fits all" approach, it's important for accountants and their auditors to have a go-to guide for questions about non-cash gifts and other complex issues related to not-for-profit accounting. The AICPA's Financial Reporting Executive Committee has just published the 2013 edition of the AICPA Not-For-Profit Accounting and Audit Guide, which provides expanded guidance on non-cash contributions and includes updated information on how to determine whether an not-for-profit is in fact acting as a recipient or an agent—an integral component of determining how to consider GIK donations. The guide also includes new sections about reporting and measuring non-cash gifts, including gifts-in-kind; contributions of fund-raising materials, informational materials, advertising, and media time or space; below-market interest rate loans; and bargain purchases.
Jennifer Hoffman, CPA, Partner - Not-for-Profit Services, Grant Thornton. Jennifer is a fully dedicated member of Grant Thornton's Northeast Region Not-for-Profit Practice.
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is the only thing that calls Reveal() on the Typewriter script.
Now that all the infrastructure is in place, it's time to tell a joke.
Creating Custom Tracks
Ha ha! The joke's on you. There's one more piece to the puzzle. To keep Timeline neat and tidy, your jokes deserve their own Track. So next, create one more script and name it JokeTrack. It's not much to look at, but it packs quite a punch(line). :]
Add the Timeline declaration to the script, above the class declaration:
using UnityEngine.Timeline;
Instead of the usual Monobehaviour, this script needs to derive from MarkerTrack. So replace the default class definition with:
public class JokeTrack : MarkerTrack
Finally, add two Attributes:
[TrackColor(255f/255f, 140f/255f, 0f/255f)]
 1. Configure the track to work with JokeReceiver.
 2. Customize the track UI to any color you want.
Save the script and return to the editor. Now, you're ready to be funny in style. Seriously.
Telling a Joke
Select Timeline in the Hierarchy and make sure the Timeline Window is open so you can see the two Activation Tracks you added previously. Now, drag the JokeText GameObject to the left panel, then select Joke Track to add it to the Timeline.
Next, at the 3:00 second mark, right-click on the JokeTrack and select Add Joke Marker. In the Inspector, populate the content of the message as follows:
 - Quote There's 10 types of people in the world.
 - Pause Per Letter 0.05
 - Start New Page checked
 - Start New Line unchecked
Add a second JokeMarker at the 7:00 mark with the following content:
 - Quote Those who know binary,
 - Pause Per Letter 0.1
 - Start New Page unchecked
 - Start New Line checked
Add a third JokeMarker at the 11:00 mark with the following content:
 - Quote and those who don't!
 - Pause Per Letter 0.01
 - Start New Page unchecked
 - Start New Line checked
Finally, add a fourth JokeMarker at the 14:00 mark with the following content:
 - Quote 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
 - Pause Per Letter 0.03
 - Start New Page checked
 - Start New Line unchecked
After you've added all four markers, your Timeline will look like this:
Timeline window with jokes and markers added
Save the scene and the project.
Click Play and enjoy the show!
Completed Joke
Every comic genius has their own style and pace. Now, you have all the tools to create your own perfect delivery for maximum laughs. Try moving the markers around on the Timeline. Try different pause lengths for each part of the joke. Try different jokes!
Whatever you decide, your comedy career is ready to launch. :]
Where to Go From Here?
Great job on completing this tutorial! You can download the completed project files by clicking the Download Materials button at the top or bottom of the tutorial.
Feel free to tweak the project to your needs and turn it into something that gets you laughed at. :]
Besides the obvious use of creating different jokes or an entire set of them, you can use the infrastructure you just built for the JokeMachine for other types of machines, like:
 - Cutscene narratives.
 - A multi-track system for dialog between characters.
 - Adding Animation tracks to the Timeline to make the Comedian bounce up and down when it laughs.
 - Moving the Comedian's mouth in time with the Typewriter.
 - Even creating your own custom Marker/Receiver/Track system to design and easily tune obstacle patterns in an endless runner.
Timeline is flexible and powerful.
The Unity Timeline will continue to evolve, so follow the latest updates in the Unity Timeline official documentation.
For more examples of things you can do with Timeline, check out the Unity Blog.
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What is the most important biomolecule and why?
Lipids are the responsible for energy storage in a cell and are the major component of the cell membrane. Among all these biomolecules, I would pick nucleic acids as the most important for life. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
What is the most important biomolecule to the human body?
Why is protein the most important biomolecule?
Proteins are the most diverse biomolecules on Earth, performing many functions required for life. Protein enzymes are biological catalysts, maintaining life by regulating where and when cellular reactions occur. Structural proteins provide internal and external support to protect and maintain cell shape.
What biomolecule is the most important for a healthy person to eat?
Proteins are the building blocks of life. Every cell in the human body contains protein. The basic structure of protein is a chain of amino acids. You need protein in your diet to help your body repair cells and make new ones.
Why are biomolecules important to life?
Biomolecules are important for the functioning of living organisms. These molecules perform or trigger important biochemical reactions in living organisms. When studying biomolecules, one can understand the physiological function that regulates the proper growth and development of a human body.
Are biomolecules living things?
Biomolecule, also called biological molecule, any of numerous substances that are produced by cells and living organisms. Biomolecules have a wide range of sizes and structures and perform a vast array of functions. The four major types of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
What are 4 types of biomolecules?
There are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids), and each is an important component of the cell and performs a wide array of functions.
Which biomolecule is the main source of energy?
Are vitamins biomolecules?
A diverse range of biomolecules exist, including: Small molecules: Lipids, fatty acids, glycolipids, sterols, monosaccharides. Vitamins.
What are the 13 vitamins your body needs?
There are 13 essential vitamins — vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, B6, B12, and folate). Vitamins have different jobs to help keep the body working properly.
Why vitamins are named as ABC and K?
The "e" at the end was later removed when it was recognized that vitamins need not be amines. The letters (A, B, C and so on) were assigned to the vitamins in the order of their discovery. The one exception was vitamin K which was assigned its "K" from "Koagulation" by the Danish researcher Henrik Dam.
Where are vitamins found?
Water-soluble vitamins (vitamin C, the B vitamins and folic acid) are mainly found in: fruit and vegetables. grains. milk and dairy foods.
What food is rich in Vit D?
Good sources of vitamin D
- oily fish – such as salmon, sardines, herring and mackerel.
- red meat.
- egg yolks.
- fortified foods – such as some fat spreads and breakfast cereals.
Which fruit has which vitamin?
Vitamin content of f ruit and vegetables
|Apple||Vitamin A Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B6 Vitamin C Folate (folic acid)|
|Banana||Vitamin A Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B6 Vitamin C Folate (folic acid)|
|Blackberries||Vitamin A Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B6 Vitamin C Folate (folic acid)|
How many vitamins are there in total?
In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption.
What a human body needs daily?
Macronutrients include water, protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Keep reading for more information about where to find these nutrients, and why a person needs them. The six essential nutrients are vitamins, minerals, protein, fats, water, and carbohydrates.
Which is the most important vitamin?
Vitamin D is arguably the most important vitamin you could take. Vitamin D is actually a hormone; it's not even a vitamin and it affects our entire body.
How many vitamins can I take a day?
"Most people think it's fine to take as much as they want," says Rosenbloom. "I know people who take 10,000 mg a day." However, the upper tolerable limit is 2,000 mg a day. "People at risk for kidney stones can increase that risk; people also can get diarrhea.
What is the number 1 supplement in the world?
Is it OK to take many vitamins at once?
Combining supplements will not normally interfere with the way they work and in some cases may be beneficial, for example vitamin C helps iron absorption. However, certain supplements may interact with each other.
Are vitamins a waste of money?
Vitamins, supplements have no added health benefits, study contends. A new report says taking supplements could be a waste of money and may even be harmful to your health.
What vitamins are not good for you?
Potential risks of taking too many vitamins
- Vitamin C. Although vitamin C has relatively low toxicity, high doses of it can cause gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea, cramps, nausea, and vomiting.
- Vitamin B3 (niacin).
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine).
- Vitamin B9 (folate).
Do vitamins really work?
The Vitamin Verdict. The researchers concluded that multivitamins don't reduce the risk for heart disease, cancer, cognitive decline (such as memory loss and slowed-down thinking) or an early death.
Which vitamins are worth taking?
According to Nutritionists, These Are the 7 Ingredients Your Multivitamin Should Have
- Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies absorb calcium, which is important for bone health.
- Magnesium. Magnesium is an essential nutrient, which means that we must get it from food or supplements.
- Vitamin B-12.
How do you know if a vitamin is good quality?
Which vitamins and herbal supplements can you trust?
- LOOK FOR "USP," "NSF," or "Consumer Lab" on the bottle.
- DO YOUR RESEARCH.
- KNOW THE PERCENTAGE OF THE KEY INGREDIENT TO LOOK FOR.
- KNOW WHICH PART OF THE PLANT YOU WANT.
- DON'T JUST GO BY THE COUNTRY.
- DON'T BELIEVE THE HYPE.
- DON'T BUY THE CHEAPEST SUPPLEMENT… OR THE MOST EXPENSIVE.
- BUT IS MY MULTIVITAMIN SAFE?
Are daily vitamins worth taking?
If you take a multivitamin, it's probably because you want to do everything you can to protect your health. But there is still limited evidence that a daily cocktail of essential vitamins and minerals actually delivers what you expect. Most studies find no benefit from multivitamins in protecting the brain or heart.
What is the best brand of vitamins?
Nature Made offer several vitamin and supplement products that are both USP certified and the #1 Pharmacist Recommended brand. The range of supplements that the company offer include: multivitamins. prenatal vitamins.
What vitamins help sexually?
Vitamin C. Vitamin C helps improve blood flow. Blood flow affects your erectile function, so vitamin C may help sexual function. Vitamin C can't be stored in the body, so you need to eat enough foods rich in vitamin C every day.
Are vitamins bad for your liver?
Even in high doses, most vitamins have few adverse events and do not harm the liver. Many vitamins are normally concentrated in, metabolized by and actually stored in the liver, particularly the fat soluble vitamins.
Should I take vitamin D every day?
If you're taking a vitamin D supplement, you probably don't need more than 600 to 800 IU per day, which is adequate for most people. Some people may need a higher dose, however, including those with a bone health disorder and those with a condition that interferes with the absorption of vitamin D or calcium, says Dr.


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'An Entirely Masculine Activity'?Women and War in the High and Late Middle Ages Reconsidered
Degree GrantorUniversity of Canterbury
Degree NameMaster of Arts
The field of medieval gender studies is a growing one, and nowhere is this expansion more evident than the recent increase in studies which address the roles of medieval women in times of war. While this change in research has been invaluable in helping to reveal the many important wartime roles performed by medieval women, previous studies have been too narrowly focused. Scholars have examined particular aspects of women's military activities without analysing the full extent and significance of their involvement, and their studies have focused geographically either on women in Western Europe or on women in the crusade movement without considering the relationship between these two areas. This thesis bridges the geographic and analytical gap by looking longitudinally at the female military experience from the late-eleventh to the early-fifteenth century in Western European society (predominantly France and England), on crusade, and in the Holy Land. An examination of medieval legal, philosophical, and political debates and discussions provides theoretical understanding of contemporary attitudes toward women and their perceived roles in war. Subsequent chapters focus on how women functioned as military leaders, supporters of military activity, and victims of wartime violence. Perceptions of these women in the writings of contemporary chroniclers are also evaluated. The disparity between theoretical attitudes toward women in war and the realities of medieval women's military experiences is revealed through discussion of their extensive, though largely unstudied, participation in wars of the period. It is argued that historians must adopt a broader understanding and awareness of not only women's 'involvement' in war, but also the importance of their contributions to medieval military history.


Does radar work when cops are driving the opposite way?
Q: Can cops really still get an accurate radar account of your vehicle speed while they are driving from the opposite direction while pointing the radar gun?
A: Yes.
"It's called a moving radar," State Patrol Sgt. J.J. Gundermann said. "The radar in the patrol car calculates the patrol car's speed and the speed of a vehicle either approaching from the opposite direction or another vehicle approaching from the rear."
Another common question is whether or not radar guns work in the rain. Follow the link in the previous sentence to learn the answer.
Questions may be edited or paraphrased.
Casey McNerthney
Comments are closed.


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In an article published on the Health Affairs Blog, the National Pharmaceutical Council and the Analysis Group conducted market research to explore payer views of the potential roles that existing and new alternative payment approaches could play in managing the financial risk and impact of gene therapies. They found that although payers are thinking about how to cover gene therapies, more work is needed to fully address seven important coverage challenges:
- Financial risk and impact of gene therapies is an important concern for payers: The majority of payers, both on a regional/local level and a national level, expressed "very high" concern about managing the potential financial risk and impact. Both rare diseases and "common chronic diseases" caused concerns for payers about shifting from the current standard of care with existing treatments to one-time gene therapies.
- Payers would consider alternative payment models to manage plan risk under the right set of circumstances: Every national payer and more than half of regional payers surveyed said they expected to enter into alternative payment arrangements for gene therapies within the next three years.
- Payers expect to use a combination of new and existing approaches to manage the financial risk of gene therapy: Most payers (excluding Managed Medicaid) were most likely to expect to use a combination of approaches to manage gene therapy-related financial risk. About half of those payers expected alternative payment arrangements to play a role in managing that risk, either alone or in conjunction with other approaches.
- Given uncertainty about magnitude and duration of clinical effects, payers likely will require performance guarantees with alternative payment approaches: For approaches that smooth payments over time, nearly all payers said they would expect payment to be dependent on meeting performance-based requirements – and more than 95 percent said expecting them to pay for patients who have stopped responding to a therapy would be a "deal breaker."
- Greatest patient access challenges may be encountered at smaller employer plans and managed Medicaid plans: Nearly one-third of smaller plans surveyed said they were likely to exclude coverage for gene therapies.
- Payers' preferred approaches may not be entirely effective in addressing their concerns: Many payers said they would use stop-loss/reinsurance in conjunction with a payment agreement, but this approach could result in higher costs for patients and payers.
- Many payers were uncomfortable with "patient portability" proposals: Roughly three-quarters of payers surveyed called allowing patients to carry payments with them if they switch plans a "deal breaker." Payers were not interested in accepting financial responsibility for such patients who switch into their plans.


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Quality Improvement Fundamentals for My Nursing Career
This program will lead the participant through the quality improvement (QI) process from start to finish by providing fundamental principles and practical applications of QI science to assist with any QI project. Coursework in this program is entirely asynchronous.
A UPMC Wolff Learning Academy Quality Improvement Fundamentals Certificate of Completion is available for UPMC nurses who complete the following asynchronous coursework (4 hours) and live workshops (8 hours) (estimated total time to complete -12 hours).
- Principles of Quality and Safety
- Lean Fundamentals
- Assessing the Current State
- Building the Right Team
- Data for Quality Improvement
- Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles
- Human Factors Design
- Sustaining Change
- Storytelling: Making Your QI Presentation Your QI Story
- Spreading Your Success: How to Effectively Present to Executive Leadership
- Assessing the Current State
- Connecting the Dots with Data: Introduction to Quality Data Analysis
- Legos: Lessons from Lean
- Tackling Quality Improvement Using Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles and Human Factors Design
CLICK HERE TO LEARN ABOUT
COURSE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS AND
WAYS TO ACCESS EDUCATIONAL CONTENT
*Use a UPMC email address for account creation*
Wolff Learning Academy Quality Improvement Fundamentals Certificate of Completion is valid for 2 years.
Obtaining the UPMC Wolff Learning Academy Quality Improvement Fundamentals Certificate of Completion
The tracking form below can be used to record your course progress and final date of completion and submission. You will not be asked to upload this tracking form as proof of completion.
UPMC Wolff Learning Academy Quality Improvement Fundamentals Certificate of Completion Tracking Form
When all program requirements have been met (reviewing course material, completing course surveys,
and attending any applicable live sessions), submit your program completion through this link. You will be asked to attest that you have completed all required coursework and provide your UPMC employee ID number.
Program completions are verified during the last business day of every month. Successful participants will see UPMC Wolff Learning Academy Quality Outcomes Essentials Certificate of Completion on their transcript in HR Direct Learning during the first week of the following month. A certificate of completion will be available through HR Direct Learning once the course is viewable on your HR Direct Learning transcript. For example, a program completion submitted on the 5th of March will be verified at the end of March, but the certificate will not be available in HR Direct Learning until the first week of April.
If your submission is not approved for any reason, participants must resubmit again through the program completion link and be processed along the next monthly schedule in which they fall after completing all program requirements.
Register for asynchronous coursework here:
- Register for Principles of Quality and Safety to gain baseline knowledge necessary to tackle quality improvement projects.
- Register for Lean Fundamentals to learn how to improve flow and outcomes while reducing waste.
- Register for Assessing the Current State to learn about the important first step in any quality improvement project.
- Register for Building the Right Team to learn how to construct an effective team that will support project success.
- Register for Data for Quality Improvement to understand how to define project measures and gather and interpret project data.
- Register for Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) Cycles to understand the four-stage problem-solving model used to improve a process or carry out a change.
- Register for Human Factors Design to learn how human factors can improve safety, effectiveness, and ease of use of resources for any project.
- Register for Sustaining Change to learn a framework for implementing sustainable change to improve project outcomes over a period of time.
- Register for Storytelling: Making Your QI Presentation Your QI Story to learn how to apply storytelling concepts to your QI project to maximize audience impact.
Register for live workshops here:
- Register for Assessing the Current State Workshop to apply principles learned in the asynchronous course Assessing the Current State in an interactive environment using real-world projects and examples.
- Register for Connecting the Dots with Data: Introduction to Quality Data Analysis Workshop to apply basic data display and analysis principles to a sample data set under the direction of an experienced statistician.
- Register for Legos: Lessons from Lean Workshop to learn Lean principles using virtual Excel Legos to assess workplace processes for inefficiencies and areas of waste.
- Register for Tackling Quality Improvement Using Plan-Do-Study-Act Cycles and Human Factors Design Workshop to apply PDSA and Human Factors Design principles to case studies and interactive activities.


_USER_{acp-9-81-2009, AUTHOR = {White, M. L. and Russo, R. S. and Zhou, Y. and Ambrose, J. L. and Haase, K. and Frinak, E. K. and Varner, R. K. and Wingenter, O. W. and Mao, H. and Talbot, R. and Sive, B. C.}, TITLE = {Are biogenic emissions a significant source of summertime atmospheric toluene in the rural Northeastern United States?}, JOURNAL = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}, VOLUME = {9}, YEAR = {2009}, NUMBER = {1}, PAGES = {81--92}, URL = {_URL_ DOI = {10.5194/acp-9-81-2009} }


Mike Aquilina
Prescriptions of the Desert Fathers
Monday May 18th 2009, 3:08 am
The Toledo Blade reports on Modern Chemistry and Ancient Medicine:
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have begun using modern chemistry to identify key ingredients in ancient Egyptian medicines. Chemical testing techniques have allowed scientists to identify certain herbs and other ingredients that were added to wine. The mixture had medicinal qualities that were so highly valued that people traveled from abroad to seek them. Some ingredients were recorded as hieroglyphs, and these inscriptions are being used as well to help with the identification of the medicinal ingredients.
Recently two clay jars, one approximately 1,500 years old and the other as old as 5,000 years, have provided residue that can be identified as herbs such as coriander and rosemary. Some researchers, including scientists from Penn's Abramson Cancer Center, are testing these ancient remedies to see if the herbalists of antiquity were on to anything with their concoctions. By taking these ancient compounds and applying them to modern medical studies such as cancer research, scientists are effectively using archaeology to gain greater knowledge of modern science.


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HOW DO I....
- verify a license?
- search for termite inspection information?
- file a complaint with the Board?
- view past disciplinary actions?
- obtain research information?
PEST CONTROL INDUSTRY
HOW DO I....
- become licensed?
- start a company?
- file WDO reports online?
- renew my license?
- update my license information?
- view the Board's Laws & Regulations?
Study Material and Scope of Examination for Applicator License Branches 2 and 3
The following outlines the scope of the applicator licensing examination, and provides a list of reference material sources available to pest control operators to use in training employees to take the examination to become licensed as a pesticide applicator.
- Typical harborage areas for structural pests in different life cycle stages
- Structural deficiencies and construction practices that invite pest entry and harborage
- Common signs of wood-pest infestations and infections
- Methods to minimize pesticide exposure to non-target pests and organisms
- Effects of pesticides on surfaces
- Factors that influence or enhance pesticide effectiveness
- State laws pertaining to worker safety in pest control operations
- State laws pertaining to handling and storage of pesticides
- Contents of wood-destroying pests and organisms inspection report
- Procedures to notify consumers and persons in adjacent areas about planned pesticide application
- First-aid techniques to treat injuries resulting from pesticide exposure
- Methods to handle pesticide explosions and fires
- Different types of emergencies resulting from misapplication of pesticides
- Contents of major sections of pesticide labels
- Types of property damage that could result from pesticide application
- Laws pertaining to storage of pesticides during transport
- Different types of foundations associated with different types of structures
- Chemical control measures for non-termite wood pest infestations
- Laws regarding use of personal protective equipment
- Techniques to prevent pesticide accidents during application
- Techniques to mix volumes of pesticides
- Methods for preventing pesticide spills
- Procedures for cleaning and maintaining personal protective equipment
TREATMENT METHOD DETERMINATION
- Chemical families of pesticides used for structural pest control
- Level of toxicity to humans of chemical families used for structural pest control
- Occupant conditions (e.g., age, health) with potential for increased risk of sensitivity to pesticides
- Residues associated with different pesticide formulations on different surfaces
- Effects of temperature, rate of dilution, and ventilation on pesticide odor
- Mode of action on pests of chemicals used for structural pest control
- Pesticide formulations suitable for different surfaces and different pests
- Procedures for determining rate of application and pesticide dilution ratio
SITE PREPARATION AND TREATMENT APPLICATION
- Manufacturer's label restrictions on treatment application
- Equipment for applying liquid pesticides
- Methods to repair, maintain, and clean liquid application equipment
- Methods to repair, maintain, and clean dry chemical application equipment
- Techniques to confine pesticide applications to treatment areas
- Methods to clean up and contain pesticide leaks and spills
- Prescribed methods for safe disposal of used pesticides and pesticide containers
- Laws related to reporting pesticide spills and leaks
- Factors that influence compatibility of pesticides combined at time of application
- Label contents prescribed by state and federal agencies
- Requirements for area preparation for different treatment applications
- Types of, and procedures for, use of personal protective equipment
- Application of pesticide label information to select pesticides for spot treatment
- Types of, and procedures for, use of pesticide application equipment
SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR HANDLING PESTICIDES AND MATERIALS
- Procedures for containing spilled liquid pesticides
- Symptoms of oral, dermal, and respiratory overexposure to applied pesticides and materials
- Procedures for disposal of absorbent material used to soak up pesticide spills
- Procedures for containing and removing spilled dry materials
- Procedures for disposal of used pesticide containers
- Laws and regulations related to storage, disposal, and transportation of pesticides
- Procedures for cleaning and maintenance of application and personal protective equipment
- Procedures for preventing malfunction of application and personal protective equipment
- Reference sources for first-aid procedures for overexposure of pesticides to humans or animals
- Application of safety precautions on pesticide labels to prevent overexposure of pesticides to self and others
- Laws and regulations related to consumer notification of pesticide application
- Business and Professions Code, Division 3, Chapter 14, Structural Pest Control Act or _URL_
- California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, and Title 16, Division 19, _URL_
- Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Safety Information Series N, _URL_
- Mallis, A. (2004). Handbook of pest control (9th Edition). G.I.E. Media, Inc.
- O'Connor-Marer, P. (2006). Residential, Industrial, and Institutional Pest Control (2nd Ed.). Oakland, CA: University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program Agriculture and Natural Resources.
- University of California Statewide Integrated Management Project Agriculture and Natural Resources. (2000). The safe and effective use of pesticides (2nd Ed.). Oakland, CA: Author.


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What is Methyl Acetate?
Methyl acetate has a mild odor and is a fast-evaporating solvent that can be used in a wide variety of items. This ingredient is useful as a fast-evaporating component in solvent systems and many other applications when fast solvent release and quick drying to the touch are required. You'll often find methyl acetate in acrylics, epoxies, polyamides, and polyesters. It has a mild odor and dries quickly, which makes it a broadly preferred choice for coatings and ink products. The ingredient is VOC (volatile organic compound) exempt and is readily biodegradable.
There are many uses for methyl acetate including fabric care products, furniture manufacturing, and as an aerosol and architectural coating. This unique ingredient is also found in paints and other mediums for graphic arts, printing inks, and as a general industrial coating. It may also be found in industrial cleaners, marine cleaners, and hard surface care products for things like countertops and flooring. It's commonly used in roofing materials, upholstery, furniture, and as a wood coating, too. You may also notice methyl acetate as an ingredient in certain perfumes or products that contain fragrance.
Here are some of the most common uses for methyl acetate:
- As an ingredient in paint and coating adhesives and lubricants
- As a processing aid and solvent in paint, glue, nail polish, and other paint removing products
- In cleaning products, personal care, and cosmetic products
- In motor vehicle and furniture coatings
- As an oil for artificial leather


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The basic idea of the seed grenade is a clay container which contains seeds and a growing medium, that breaks on impact with the ground, allowing the seeds to grow. It's a fun project to do and the results can look pretty good after the plants or flowers have grown.
Step 1: What You'll Need
1) Clay working tools
2) A spoon
3) Gloves (optional but nice)
1) A ball of air hardening clay
2) A selection of seeds
4) Paint (optional)
Step 2: Making a Hollow Ball
When your ball is nice and round, start to work your thumbs into it from the top, hollowing it out as you push your fingers and thumbs in further. Squeeze the sides as you're doing this to make the walls thinner so it is easier to break after it dries.
If you find that it's too big after you've worked the clay for a while, just rip a bit off and work it again until you're satisfied.


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What is a Strain Gage?
Strain gages are fundamental sensing devices that function as the building blocks of many other types of transducers—including pressure, load, and torque sensors—used extensively in structural test and monitoring applications. An example of such a transducer is a load cell that converts a mechanical force to an electrical output signal.
In these designs, gages are connected as a Wheatstone bridge, resulting in an accurate and rugged transducer that can operate in extreme environments. To achieve accuracy, the Wheatstone bridge is adjusted for manufacturing initial tolerance and ambient and self-heating temperature effects. "Compensation" high precision resistors are then added to correct for bridge unbalance, and to adjust the output sensitivity. Other compensation resistors correct for the errors that result when the transducer is used over a widely changing temperature range.
The True Pioneer of Strain Gage Technology
While there are several ways of measuring strain, the most common one is using a bonded resistance strain gage, a device whose electrical resistance varies on proportion to the amount of strain in the device.
Today, the most widely used strain gage is the Advanced Sensors Technology bonded resistance strain gage. Micro-Measurements uses a precisely manufactured (in house) metallic foil to produce to resistive element providing for the best consistency and gage to gage matching available. The metallic strain gage consist of metallic foil arranged in a grid pattern. The grid pattern maximizes the amount of metallic foil subject to strain in parallel directions.
The Advancement of the Strain Gage
The discovery of the principle upon which the foil resistance strain gage is based was made in 1856 by Lord Kelvin, who loaded iron and copper wires in tension and noted their resistance changes while applying strain in the wire. In his classical experiment Lord Kelvin introduced three important fundamentals which help to develop the foil strain gage:
The resistance of the wire changes as a function of the applied strain, Each material has a different sensitivity, using a Wheatstone bridge is vital to the measurement accuracy of the resistance change. Strain gages are resistive sensors whose resistance is a function of applied strain or force (unit deformation).
Stress is calculated from the strain information. Typically a strain gage is attached to a structure and when such a structure is deformed (tension, compression, shear), the resistive strands in the strain gage follow the structure deformation which causes an electrical resistance change. The resistance change is then expressed in units of strain or stress. Strain gages are used in many types of transducers including pressure, load, and torque sensors—used extensively in structural test and monitoring applications. An example of such a transducer is a load cell that converts a mechanical force to an electrical output signal. In these designs, gages are connected as a Wheatstone bridge, resulting in an accurate and rugged transducer that can operate in extreme environments. To achieve accuracy, the Wheatstone bridge is adjusted for manufacturing initial tolerance and ambient and self-heating temperature effects. "Compensation" high precision resistors are then added to correct for bridge unbalance, and to adjust the output sensitivity. Other compensation resistors correct for the errors that result when the transducer is used over a widely changing temperature range.
Strain gages are also used for measuring strain in structures (stress analysis) such as spacecraft, airplanes, cars, machines, bridges and other structures. Performance specifications to consider when searching for strain gages include operating temperature, the state of the strain (including gradient, direction, magnitude, and time dependence), and the stability required by the application.
The construction of resistance strain gage involves bringing together the best electrical resistance material and backing in the optimal way from manufacturing, application and performance point of view.
What we expect from a bonded resistance strain gage?
- Small size and mass.
- Agile development – ease of manufacturing in different resistance values, overall sizes and measurement configurations.
- Durable, with ease of handling and use.
- Excellent stability, repeatability and linearity over wide strain range.
- Practical sensitivity to strain
- Ability to control, effects of environmental variables in the measurement system such as temperature.
- Applicable for dynamic and static measurements and remote recording.
The foil resistance strain gage sensor is the most frequently used sensor in stress analysis measurements through the world today.
Many factors, such as test duration, strain range required, and operating temperature, must be considered in selecting the best strain gage/adhesive combination for a given test profile.
Since transducer behavior can be observed to a resolution better than one part in 20K, the advanced sensors technology strain gage system must be selected and installed with utmost care.
In contrast to the situation for stress analysis applications, the strain gages installed on a transducer can readily be calibrated against known physical standards – dead weights, for example, or previously calibrated transducer. The existence of precise standards and sensitive electronic instrumentation allow the constructor of a transducer to quantify its performance to a very high degree. It is possible, in fact, to observe transducer behavior to a resolution better than one part in 20000. This corresponds, in effect, to detecting a strain of 0.05 μϵ or less on the surface of the spring element. Clearly, the resolution of such small dimensional changes requires that the strain gage system be selected and installed with the utmost care.
The strain gage selection procedure for stress analysis and transducer applications is similar. The preferred sequence is:
- Operating temperature range
- Gage length.
- S-T-C number.
- Pattern Geometry.
- Strain Gage Series.
- Grid Resistance.
- Creep compensation code (transducer only).
- Optional features and custom strain gages.
Explore our extensive collection of tutorials and informational videos on a variety of strain measurement topics.
Questions and answers on the go! Listen to Micro-Measurements experts explain the many facets of strain gage technology.


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Rocky Hill Castle
|Rocky Hill Castle|
Rocky Hill Castle in 1935
|Built for||James Edmonds Saunders|
|Architectural style(s)||Greek Revival, Italianate and Gothic Revival|
Rocky Hill Castle, also known simply as Rocky Hill, was a historic plantation and plantation house between Town Creek and Courtland, Alabama, United States. Once famed in Alabama for its architecture, it was an unusual mixing of neoclassical and picturesque aesthetics in one plantation complex. The house and tower suffered from neglect during much of the 20th century and were subsequently demolished in the 1960s. Much folklore surrounds the site, with Rocky Hill Castle being the subject of numerous ghost stories. The most notable story, "The Ghost of the Angry Architect", was published in Kathryn Tucker Windham and Margaret Gillis Figh's 1969 work 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey.
The plantation at Rocky Hill Castle was founded by James Edmonds Saunders in the mid-1820s, shortly after he and his wife came to Alabama from their native Georgia. Saunders, born on May 7, 1806, was a planter and attorney.
He established his plantation 4 miles (6.4 km) from that of his father, Turner Saunders, and his Saunders Hall plantation. In the years after coming to Lawrence County Saunders practiced law in nearby Courtland. He eventually amassed 640 acres (260 ha), centered on the hill that his house sat upon.
Desiring a grander dwelling, Saunders demolished this earlier house and began building Rocky Hill Castle in 1858. The American Civil War put an end to construction in 1861, although the estate was largely complete by that time. The house served as Confederate hospital during the war, with several soldiers buried nearby in the Saunders' family cemetery.
The plantation passed through many owners following the death of James Saunders in 1896. The last Saunders to own it was James Saunder's grandson, Dr. Dudley Saunders. Dr. Saunders and his family are alleged to have abruptly abandoned Rocky Hill Castle in the 1920s, purportedly after ghostly activity.
Regardless of the accuracy of those events, the plantation was purchased from Dr. Saunders in the 1920s by H.D. Bynum and R.E. Tweedy, who used the farmland but did not reside in the house. This started a long period of decline for the house, which eventually became ruinous. It was finally demolished by a new owner, Gordon McBride, in 1961, after he and his wife had salvaged what they could for their new house in Decatur.
Rocky Hill Castle was built from 1858 to 1861, utilizing a combination of the Greek Revival and Italianate architectural styles. The architect of the main house is unknown, although at least one of the ghost stories alleges that it was a gentleman of French extraction. The two-story house was a rectangular stuccoed brick structure over a raised basement. It featured one-story side wings, one-story Doric porticoes centered on the front and rear, and was topped by a large cupola.
Connected to the house complex on the western side by a high brick wall was a five-story brick Gothic Revival tower crowned with crenelation. The connecting wall was pierced by a Tudor arch. The wall and octagonal tower have been traditionally linked to an itinerant craftsman from Wales, Hugh Jones. The tower, as well as the adjoining brick kitchen building, contained rooms used to house the Saunders' slaves.
The interior of the house featured some of the most elaborate woodwork and plasterwork in the state. Other features of the house were an impressive walnut staircase, double parlors and Italian marble mantles.
- Gamble, Robert (1987). The Alabama Catalog: A Guide to the Early Architecture of the State. University, AL: University of Alabama Press. p. 253. ISBN 0-8173-0148-8.
- Matrana, Marc R. (2009). Lost Plantations of the South. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi. pp. 112–117. ISBN 978-1-57806-942-2.
- Hauck, Dennis William (1996). Haunted Places: The National Directory: Ghostly Abodes, Sacred Sites, UFO Landings and Other Supernatural Locations. Penguin. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-14-025734-2.
- Connie Thwaite (14 March 2007). "Courtland is town steeped in history". Times Daily. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
- Windham, Kathryn Tucker; Figh, Margaret Gillis (1969). 13 Alabama Ghosts and Jeffrey. Strode Publishers. pp. 13–21. ISBN 0-8173-0376-6.
- Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (1935). "Rocky Hill, State Highway 20, Courtland vicinity, Lawrence, AL". National Park Service. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2 January 2011.


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Though, polished and quality content is significant to any link outreach plan, content formats being used are also crucial. Different content formats approach audience differently. The quality and authority of the links that one content format generates may be different from the other.
Best Content Formats to Attract Links
The article illustrates different content formats used in link building campaigns with their direct benefits and possible cons.
1. Interactive Content:
In recent times, interactive content have created an eminent place in content marketing campaigns. The content format is an interactive content that present users different perspectives on a given idea. Take quizzes or calculators for example.
There are multiple reasons why interactive content can offer mileage to marketers. They present many angles to pursue a topic and offer many ways to include additional lot of information.
The format gives users ability to initially audit different parts of the content and deal with the most relevant information. The major benefit with the interactive content is that you can have better audience targeting due to availability of a huge chunk of information.
To design and upload an interactive content piece, you will have to hire an expert website designer / developer.
As the name implies, statics may include a series multiple images or an infographic. Statics presented by infographics are now a popular way of exposing the data and information for audience disposal. SEOs, nowadays, have been using infographics widely to make content more user-friendly and generate more links.
Data dispensation through infographic has its own benefits if it's useful and educational. An infographic designed merely to serve your SEO purpose won't be of any use. Designing infographic doesn't necessarily require a developer or designer. A user can himself upload a static graph onto a website using its inbuilt content management system.
GIFs, as an interactive content, have received humongous response in the last few years. They are truly significant to content-driven link building. If you want to produce a content piece that contains the attribute of both an interactive and statics, GIFs could be an ideal choice. Using GIFs, marketers can easily create the impact of an interactive without consuming time and resources. They are easy to create and upload. GIFs play automatically when they are loaded. User action is not required or plays or stops a GIF.
You can create simple GIFs without having to think about responsiveness. They can easily open on any device. Like interactives and statics, GIFs are indeed a great way to building links.
4. Long Form Content:
In-depth long-form content not only brings relevant traffic but also helps you create relevant authority links. The best part with the longform content is that you can cover widest range of topics through the content and can promote it quite frequently to accomplish a longer outreach plan.
The only disadvantage with such content is that they rarely trigger the kind of engagement other formats do due to its long form. You can't assume that all your clients will go through such an exhaustive piece and will engage to it.
Despite they take time to get noticed, long form content can easily generate authority links for you.
How to Choose the Right Content Format?
Before picking up a right content format, fix the message you want to deliver and the audience the message is aiming at. Once you jot down that, you can decide on the format. Start with your idea and continue with available resources to think about the right content format. It will attract dual benefits, authority links and organic traffic.


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file organization, images are stored in strips, which also consist of rows stored contiguously. The total image, however, is represented by more than one strip, and the individual strips may be widely separated in the file. Strips divide the image into a number of segments, which are always just as wide as the original image.
Strips make it easier to manage image data on machines with limited memory. An image 1024 rows long, for instance, can be stored in the file as eight strips, each strip containing 128 rows. Arranging a file into strips facilitates buffering. If this isn't obvious, consider an uncompressed 8-bit image 1024 rows long and 10,000 pixels wide, containing 10 megabytes of pixel data. Even dividing the data into eight strips of 128 rows leaves the reading application with the job of handling 1.25 megabytes of data per strip, a chore even for a machine with a lot of flat memory and a fast disk. Dividing the data into 313 strips, however, brings each strip down to a size which can be read and buffered quickly by machines capable of reading only 32K of data per file read pass.
Strips also come into play when pixel data is stored in a compressed or encoded format in the file. In this case, an application must first read the compressed data into a buffer and then decompress or decode the data into another buffer the same size as, or larger than, the first. Arranging the compression on a per-strip basis greatly eases the task of the file reader, which need handle only one strip at a time.
You'll find that strips are often evidence that a file format creator has thought about the limitations of the possible target platforms being supported and has wanted to not limit the size of images that can be handled by the format. Image file formats allowing or demanding that data be stored in strips usually provide for the storage of information in the file header such as the number of strips of data, the size of each strip, and the offset position of each strip within the file.
A third method of bitmap data organization is tiling. Tiles are similar to strips in that each is a delineation of a rectangular area of an image. However, unlike strips, which are always the width of the image, tiles can have any width at all, from a single pixel to the entire image. Thus, in one sense, a contiguous image is actually one large tile. In practice, however, tiles are arranged so that the pixel data corresponding to each is between 4Kb and 64Kb in size and is usually of a height and width divisible by 16. These limits help increase the efficiency with which the data can be buffered and decoded.
When an image is tiled, it is generally the case that all the tiles are the same size, that the entire image is tiled, that the tiles do not overlap, and that the tiles are all encoded using the same encoding scheme. One exception is the CALS Raster Type II format, which allows image data to be composed of both encoded and unencoded image tiles. Tiles are usually left unencoded when such encoding would cause the tile data to increase in size (negative compression) or when an unreasonable amount of time would be required to encode the tile.
Dividing an image into tiles also allows different compression schemes to be applied to different parts of an image to achieve an optimal compression ratio. For example, one portion of an image (a very busy portion) could be divided into tiles that are compressed using JPEG, while another portion of the same image (a portion containing only one or two colors) could be stored as tiles that are run-length encoded. In this case, the tiles in the image would not all be the same uniform size; the smallest would be only a few pixels, and the largest would be hundreds or thousands of pixels on a side.
Tiing sometimes allows faster decoding and decompression of larger images than would be possible if the pixel data were organized as lines or strips. Because tiles can be individually encoded, file formats allowing the use of tiles will contain tile quantity, size, and offset information in the header specifications. Using this information, a reader that needs to display only the bottom-right corner of a very large image would have to read only the tiles for that area of the image; it would not have to read all of the image data that was stored before it.
Certain newer tile-oriented compression schemes, such as JPEG, naturally work better with file formats capable of supporting tiling. A good example of this is the incorporation of JPEG in later versions of the TIFF file format. For more information about the use of tiles, see the article on the TIFF file format.
Many bitmap file formats contain a color palette. For a discussion of palettes of different kinds, see Chapter 2.


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Objective: Registered dietitians are the nutrition experts in America. As such, their opinions about using technology-based nutrition games as teaching tools are important. The purpose of this study was to query registered dietitians about their experience and recommendations for topics, age, and platforms for future nutrition game development. Materials and Methods: The author gave a 1-hour talk to two state dietetic conference groups about nutrition games and their efficacy, concerns, and hopes and opportunities for their future as viable nutrition teaching tools. After the talks attendees completed a five-question survey about nutrition games, including if they played nutrition games, if they thought games could possibly help in their work, and preferences for topics, ages, and platforms for which they wanted to see priority development. Results: Although only 4% of respondents played nutrition games, 79% thought they could be of benefit, and 21% felt that ''maybe'' they could be beneficial educational tools. Games on all nutrition topics were welcome, with preference for computers and smartphone apps. Conclusion: After a lengthy presentation on the new genre of technology-based nutrition games, registered dietitians reported that they are open to using technology-based nutrition education apps and feel they could have some benefit in educating the public about nutrition, even though dietitians presently have little experience with them. The talk was successful in informing dietitians about this new game genre, and their suggestions for topics, target ages, and tech platforms will be helpful to nutrition game developers and designers.
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THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW OWNERSHIP AND LEGAL-ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN RUSSIA (Ksztaltowanie sie nowej struktury wlasnosciowej i prawno-organizacyjnej producentow rolnych w Rosji)
The democratic and market reforms inaugurated in Russia in the early 1990s marked also the beginning of a spontaneous process shaping a new legal-organisational structure of agricultural producers. The basis for the start of this process was the agricultural reform (de-collectivisation of agriculture) providing for the apportionment of arable land to the farm workers by means of the so-called stakes (some 12 million persons) and for the restructuring of kolkhozes and sovkhozes. The principal tendencies that characterise this process are: firstly, the formation - chiefly on the basis of the former kolkhozes and sovkhozes, of a new organisational-legal structure of agricultural enterprises based on private ownership, secondly, the emergence and development of a new group of agricultural producers (farmers) and, thirdly, the strengthening of an extremely large group of household crofts which have a very long tradition in Russian agriculture. The process is reflected also in the changing structure of land and labour resources and, consequently, in the structure of agricultural production which changes under the influence of the emerging forms of husbandry. The principal tendency in this process is growth in the number of private farms and household crofts and a decline in the number of agricultural enterprises.
AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AGRICULTURAL REFORM DE-COLLECTIVISATION OF AGRICULTURE HOUSEHOLD CROFTS LEGAL-ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS PRIVATE FARMS RESTRUCTURING OF KOLKHOZES AND SOVKHOZES STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION STRUCTURE OF LABOUR RESOURCES STRUCTURE OF UTILISATION OF ARABLE LAND
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Using Spring Connectors in SOLIDWORKS Simulation to Reduce Complexity in Your Analysis
By Paolo Olmos
I recently worked on a customer project which involved answering the question, "How can I represent complex sub-assemblies or components that are part of a larger assembly using SOLIDWORKS Simulation?" The customer wanted to include ball screws and linear rails. These sub-assemblies include bearings, threads, and complex mounting geometry that would require a significant amount of time and effort to setup - and a significant amount of time to solve. Additionally, if I were to miss an element in the setup, the analysis could fail or the results may be invalid. One way to simplify an analysis that involves complex sub-assemblies or components is to replace them with spring connectors. Replacing components with spring connectors allows you to:
 - Reduce the number of components that need to be meshed, improving solve time
 - Simplify the analysis setup, reducing the overall time necessary to execute the analysis
While maintaining the inherent stiffness of the components you remove by replacing them with an equivalent spring stiffness. As an example, let's take an assembly made of 2 plates with a spring in the middle. Including the spring in a linear static analysis with a 100 lbf load applied, the results show a displacement of 0.282 inches. To use a spring connector in this situation, the spring component is suppressed and replaced with a virtual spring that uses the stiffness data you have for the modeled spring. As you can see in the screenshots below, we can get the same displacements as the analysis that included the modeled spring.
Spring Connector
Right: Results With Spring, Left: Results With Spring Connector.
Comparing the setup and solve time between the two studies:
 - The setup time was short for both studies, but imagine if the spring was a more complex sub-assembly or component. It would require time to define contacts, material, and fixtures for all the elements in the sub-assembly or component. The setup time could be substantially longer.
 - The solve time for the actual spring took 6 seconds to solve versus 2 seconds for the spring connector analysis.
A couple of other things to consider when using spring connectors:
 - Make sure that the face selected for one body shares a common projected area on the face selected for the other body. If you don't, SOLIDWORKS Simulation cannot create the spring and will display an error when you try to run the analysis. In the example above, the faces selected had the same area and were directly overlapping when looking at the top view.
 - You can create split lines to separate the faces of each body in order to create a common projected area between them. In the example above, this technique would have been required if the spring was significantly smaller than the plates.
As you can see in this brief overview, spring connectors can help you obtain accurate results, while saving you time to setup and solve your analysis. Keep a look-out at this space for a follow-up blog article that covers using spring connectors to represent the ball screw and linear rail assemblies mentioned earlier, or watch my webinar: SOLIDWORKS Simulation - Representing Ball Screws and Linear Rails in Your Analysis.
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The Oxford Color Thesaurus
Oxford University Press, 1998 - English language - 568 pages
Compact and reliable, this handy, color reference, with 150,000 synonyms, has been newly redesigned, offering all the key information you'd expect to find in a much larger reference source. With its attractive color layout, the result is a remarkably complete, convenient, authoritative, and easy-to-use portable synonym finder. Example phrases clarify less obvious senses, information is given on related synonyms and antonyms, and a new dictionary skills appendix helps the user get more out of the thesaurus by providing questions (and answers) which test vocabulary skills.
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What is S.I.?
Supplemental Instruction (SI) is an academic assistance program that utilizes peer-assisted study sessions. SI sessions are regularly-scheduled, informal review sessions in which students compare notes, discuss readings, develop organizational tools, and predict test items. Students learn how to integrate course content and study skills while working together. The sessions are facilitated by "SI leaders", students who have previously done well in the course and who attend all class lectures, take notes, and act as model students.
- It's FREE!
- Can help improve your study skills for the class.
- Students who attend at least 5 times before each exam tend to make a letter grade higher.
- Guaranteed study time with SI leader and classmates.
- Regularly scheduled so you can work it into your schedule. Click here to view our times.
What is an S.I. Leader?
S.I. sessions are led by students who have already been successful in the same class that you are taking. They are trained by the EXCEL Center to facilitate study groups and work closely with the professor to ensure that the study group are on target with the course.


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Attila the Hun was the ruler of the Huns and leader of the Hunnic Empire from 434 to his death in 453. Though the details of his death are a little sketchy and several different accounts and theories have been presented, they all center around the cause of death being a nose bleed in early 453.
What is most often claimed is that Attila the Hun died of a nosebleed on his wedding night. He had just married a woman named Ildico. A going theory is that he died of a hemorrhoid in his esophagus which was caused by heavy drinking.
Chronic alcoholism can lead to acid reflux disease, which can lead to ruptures in the esophagus. This would mean it wasn't his nose really bleeding at all, but blood would still have been flowing out his nostrils and mouth. A
nother account claims that his nose suddenly began bleeding very severely during the wedding feast and in the ensuing confusion, he choked to death. One more theory is that he died of internal bleeding. There is also an account that claims his wife killed him, but most scholars reject it as hearsay.


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connection to their listenership. Importantly, it also enables the hosts to mediate the pornography they watch through an aural-only medium which allows a distance to the visuality of pornographic videos which overwhelmingly relies on the objectification of female bodies.
Abstract: As intimacy emerges as a key concept in podcast research, it becomes increasingly urgent to consider the multifaceted ways in which it interacts with the medium. This article advances research on podcasting intimacy by understanding intimacy as undergoing a continual process of culturally contingent negotiation and examining how podcasting participates in that negotiation. Instead of treating intimacy as an inherent part of podcasting, it demonstrates how podcasts can create intimacy and use it to form connections among members of a fan public. To do so, this article uses the first season of Within the Wires (2016) to show how narrative repetition constructs fan-based intimate publics. Within the Wires is an alternate reality fiction podcast whose first season takes the form of relaxation tapes. Throughout the podcast, the narrator repeats specific lines, phrases, and memories that the listener comes to recognize. By retooling Roland Barthes and Marianne Hirsch's work on recognition and community building in photography for use in sound research, this article develops a theoretical framework for understanding the temporalities of recognition in podcasting. Using this framework, the article posits that Within the Wires uses non-narrative repetition alongside its aural aesthetics to create an intimate public through recognition. The podcast extends that recognition into its monetizing paratexts, making it possible for listeners to recognize themselves and others as fans. The first section of this paper defines recognition and its relationship to time, the second considers how recognition works within the show's fandom, the third looks at recognition within Within the Wires' monetizing paratexts, and the final tracks how the podcast finds horror in the breakdown of this system. The article argues that Within the Wires presents intimacy and creates fan-based intimate publics through the experience of recognition.
Chase Gregory: Crossing Both Ways: Sarah Jones, The Moth Radio Hour, and the Disruptive Potential of Voice
Abstract: This paper examines an episode of popular storytelling podcast The Month, titled "A Walk on the West Side" (2014), in order to explicate and uncover how gender, race, and class might attach to certain voices. In this episode, Jones (a stage performer, writer, and gifted impressionist) first relates her memories of being typecast as black female stereotypes; she then tells the story of being pulled over by LAPD a few days later, under suspicion of sex work. Ultimately, Jones baffles the cops who detain her by affecting a flawless British accent, disrupting their assumptions. Her story—told on the podcast in a myriad of different voices—literally speaks class, race, and gender into being, only to challenge the fixity of these signs, showcasing the simultaneously disruptive and productive potential of speech.
Abstract: From a feminist media studies and cultural studies perspective, the contribution explores the fascinating, yet overlooked podcast series Alice Isn't Dead (2016-8). The podcast thematically centers around the complex relationship of culture and distance and develops different understandings of culture, as well as the experience of distance in a geographical, socio-economic (class mobility), or interpersonal-romantic sense. Tracing these conceptions and their attempts to define a collective US-American identity differently, the contribution focuses on the podcast's narration in the form of radio monologues by its protagonist, the exceptional trucker character Keisha, its take on the road trip and (female) mobility, as well as its representation of a queer love story. With an eye for the intersectional effects of gender, race, and sexual orientation, these readings mobilize a variety of cultural artifacts to explore the particular affordances of serialized fictional podcast storytelling. Of particular interest to the contribution are the intertextual echoes of tropes and themes of the road trip narrative and the road movie, as well as the podcast's ending as a turn toward homonormativity that is inconsistent with the queer temporalities and the capitalist critique developed by the podcast during its three seasons.
Abstract: In contemporary mainstream media there is a tendency to represent LGBTQ+ characters stereotypically, or even kill them off. This trope is called 'bury your gays' and it has done much to discredit and delegitimise representation. Even though the percentage of queer representation in mainstream media has improved, a viewer could be forgiven for thinking that, overall, popular culture does not think highly of the LGBTQ+ community for continuing to perpetuate these narrative arcs. The McElroy family's popular actual-play podcast The Adventure Zone (TAZ) initially portrayed queer characters in the 'bury your gays' trope by killing off a canon lesbian couple in their first season. As four self-proclaimed 'straight, cis, white dudes', the family initially performed their characters by reflecting what they had seen in mainstream fiction. After engaging with their audience and learning why this was upsetting, they changed the story to reverse the trope; unburying their gays by bringing the characters back to life. Since then, they have consistently introduced more queer characters and, in their latest season, have also introduced nonbinary characters. By tracking the introduction and development of queer representation in TAZ podcast episodes – both the game episodes and the meta-episodes bookending each season – the McElroys' education and integration of this new information into narratives is demonstrable. The representation of queer characters in TAZ shows that podcasts are not just a platform for LGBTQ+ creators to educate their audience; they can also act as a participatory storytelling medium in which creators can be educated in gender and sexuality by their audience.
Deniz Zorlu and Nazlı Özkan: Women on Twitch Turkey: Affective Communities and Female Solidarity Under Patriarchy and Postfeminism
Abstract: This article examines the experiences of female streamers and podcasters on Twitch Turkey primarily through in-depth interviews conducted with 35 respondents. Despite the platform's growth as one of the most widely visited social media sites and the biggest online game streaming platform, there is limited research as to how gender identities and geographical location shape streamers' experiences and usage of the platform. We argue that female streamer's use of Twitch Turkey is marked by combined patriarchal pressures and neoliberal, postfeminist thrust for aggressive competitiveness. Sexual harassment is the major problem for women, and pervasive patriarchal relations of domination affect all female streamers' usage of the platform, who often find themselves scrutinized and criticized for their body images, clothing, and gaming performances. In exerting control over their behavior, patriarchy, however, affects women in different ways based on their cultural preferences and personal habits. We also argue that Twitch Turkey tends to push women to adopt postfeminist subjectivities to rigorously compete with each other for limited viewership, sponsorship, and income opportunities. However, these pressures and constraints are resisted and re-negotiated especially through the formation of female solidarities and affective communities in online streaming.