temperatures and produces more heat. That's why you feel so comfortably warm when you enter your home again!
Even if going outdoors when you feel cold seems counterintuitive, it's not! It increases your bodies' resistance to the cold and helps you stay warm without using the heater.
On top of that, a walk is healthy and relaxing. You should be doing it more anyways (me too)!
21. Use a hot water bottle
Finally, here's another useful and effective way to cheaply heat in a room!
Running a kettle to boil your water costs next to nothing. It costs only 1 or 2 cents to heat the water to fill a hot water bottle that can keep you warm for 30 minutes to 2 hours (source).
In big rooms, a water bottle will stay hot for 30 minutes, wheres in your bed it will provide you with heat for up to 2 hours.
How water bottles are an incredibly cheap way to heat your room. You focus the heat just on yourself (similar to electric blankets). Absolutely no energy is wasted to heat the air in the room you are in.
Even if you boil 10 hot water bottles to stay warm throughout the evening (5 hours), that's only 20 cents of heating costs.
In contrast, a regular heater would cost about $0.40 to $1.50 to heat for the same time.
Also, hot water bottles are cheap (compared to a wood stove or solar panels)! It costs around $10 to become a proud hot water bottle-owner. That's a very small amount for so much value!
hot water bottle to replace leaving an oil heater on all night
Conclusion – The 21 Cheapest Ways to Heat a Room
Most of the cheapest ways to heat a room I gave you in this article involve heating just what's necessary. Heat only the room you're in. Be as efficient as possible.
This way you can save hundreds of dollars each year. That's money you can freely spend elsewhere.
Also, you can reduce the need for heat by staying active: Jumping jacks or having a walk outdoors will increase your body temperature. If you do these things you stop freezing and you don't need to turn up the thermostat.
Even if you pick only 1 or 2 of these tips, you will make a significant impact on your heating bill! So, chose one of these cheapest ways that you like to implement to heat your room and start saving money!
My personal favorite cheapest way to heat a room is by using a space heater.
About the Author
Daniel Hirsch
Daniel is an electrical engineer, blogger, and author. He studied electrical engineering and information technology and decided to blog about heaters after working in the temperature sensing industry.


**9**99)//1
The z**z portion here prevents me from running this function with anywhere close to sane inputs for y and z, the largest values I can use are 9 and 3 for which I get back the value of 1.0, even for the largest float Python supports (note: while 1.0 is numerically greater than 6.77538853089e-05, increased recursion levels move the output of this function closer to 1, while remaining greater than 1, whereas the previous function moved values closer to 0 while remaining greater than 0, thus even moderate recursion on this function results in so many operations that the floating point number loses all significant bits).
Re-configuring the original lambda call to have recursion values of 0 and 2...
If the comparison is made to "offset from 0" instead of "offset from 1" this function returns 7.1e-9, which is definitely smaller than 6.7e-05.
Actual program's base recursion (z value) is 101010101.97 levels deep, as soon as y exhausts itself, it gets reset with _PHONE_.97 (which is why an initial value of 9 is sufficient), so I don't even know how to correctly compute the total number of recursions that occur: I've reached the end of my mathematical knowledge. Similarly I don't know if moving one of the **n exponentiations from the initial input to the secondary z**z would improve the number of recursions or not (ditto reverse).
Lets go even slower with even more recursion
import math
a=lambda x,y:(y<0)*x or a(a(a(math.log(x+1),y-1),y-1),y-1)
print a(input(),9**9**9e9)//1
 - n//1 - saves 2 bytes over int(n)
 - import math,math. saves 1 byte over from math import*
 - a(...) saves 8 bytes total over m(m,...)
 - (y>0)*x saves a byte over y>0and x
 - 9**9**99 increases byte count by 4 and increases recursion depth by approximately 2.8 * 10^x where x is the old depth (or a depth nearing a googolplex in size: 101094).
 - 9**9**9e9 increases the byte count by 5 and increases recursion depth by...an insane amount. Recursion depth is now _PHONE_.93, for reference, a googolplex is _PHONE_.
 - lambda declaration increases recursion by an extra step: m(m(...)) to a(a(a(...))) costs 7 bytes
New output value (at 9 recursion depth):
Recursion depth has exploded to the point at which this result is literally meaningless except in comparison to the earlier results using the same input values:
 - The original called log 25 times
 - The first improvement calls it 81 times
 - The actual program would call it 1e992 or about 10102.3 times
 - This version calls it 729 times
 - The actual program would call it (9999)3 or slightly less than 101095 times).
Lambda Inception, score:???
I heard you like lambdas, so...
from math import*
a=lambda m,x,y:y<0and x or m(m,m(m,log(x+1),y-1),y-1)
print int(a(a,input(),1e99))
I can't even run this, I stack overflow even with a mere 99 layers of recursion.
The old method (below) returns (skipping the conversion to an integer):
The new method returns, using only 9 layers of incursion (rather than the full googol of them):
I think this works out to be of similar complexity to the Ackerman sequence, only small instead of big.
Also thanks to ETHproductions for a 3-byte savings in spaces I didn't realize could be removed.
Old answer:
The integer truncation of the function log(i+1) iterated 20 25 times (Python) using lambda'd lambdas.
PyRulez's answer can be compressed by introducing a second lambda and stacking it:
from math import *
x=lambda i:log(i+1)
y=lambda i:x(x(x(x(x(i)))))
print int(y(y(y(y(y(input()))))))
99 100 characters used.
This produces an iteration of 20 25, over the original 12. Additionally it saves 2 characters by using int() instead of floor() which allowed for an additional x() stack. If the spaces after the lambda can be removed (I cannot check at the moment) then a 5th y() can be added. Possible!
If there's a way to skip the from math import by using a fully qualified name (eg. x=lambda i: math.log(i+1))), that would save even more characters and allow for another stack of x() but I don't know if Python supports such things (I suspect not). Done!
This is essentially the same trick used in XCKD's blog post on large numbers, however the overhead in declaring lambdas precludes a third stack:
from math import *
x=lambda i:log(i+1)
y=lambda i:x(x(x(i)))
z=lambda i:y(y(y(i)))
print int(z(z(z(input()))))
This is the smallest recursion possible with 3 lambdas that exceeds the computed stack height of 2 lambdas (reducing any lambda to two calls drops the stack height to 18, below that of the 2-lambda version), but unfortunately requires 110 characters.
 - \$\begingroup\$ FYI, I count 103 bytes in the top program \$\endgroup\$ – ETHproductions Jun 8 '17 at 22:17
 - \$\begingroup\$ _USER_ oh oops. I probably did a count without the int conversion and thought I had some spares. \$\endgroup\$ – Draco18s no longer trusts SE Jun 8 '17 at 22:23
 - \$\begingroup\$ I think you can remove the space after import and the space after y<0. I don't know much Python though so I'm not certain \$\endgroup\$ – ETHproductions Jun 8 '17 at 22:24
 - \$\begingroup\$ Also, perhaps y<0and x or m(m,m(m,log(x+1),y-1),y-1) to save another byte (assuming x is never 0 when y<0) \$\endgroup\$ – ETHproductions Jun 8 '17 at 22:25
 - 2
 \$\begingroup\$ Well...log(x) grows more slowly than ANY positive power of x (for large values of x), and this isn't hard to show using L'Hopital's rule. I am pretty sure your current version does (...(((x**.1)**.1)**.1)**...) a whole bunch of times. But those powers just multiply, so it's effectively x**(.1** (whole bunch)), which is a (very small) positive power of x. That means that it actually grows faster than a SINGLE iteration of the log function (although, granted, you'd have to look at VERY large values of x before you'd notice...but that's what we mean by "going to infinity"). \$\endgroup\$ – mathmandan Jun 10 '17 at 7:49
MATL, 42 bytes
Try it online!
This program is based on the harmonic series with the use of Euler–Mascheroni constant. As I was reading _USER_ documentation on his MATL language (with capital letters, so it looks important) I noticed this constant. The slow growth function expression is as following: enter image description here
where εk ~ 1/2k
I tested up to 10000 iterations (in Matlab, since it is too large for TIO) and it scores below 10, so it is very slow.
enter image description here
 iXI % ask user input (number of iterations)
:'2*.] % do...while loop, multiply by 2
X{ % convert numeric array into cell array
o % convert to double precision array
XH1H/ % copy to clipboard H and divide by 1: now we have an array of 1/2k
16L % Euler–Mascheroni constant
+ % addition (element-wise, singleton expansion)
XKxI:' % save, clear the stack, do...while loop again
 Yl % logarithm
 .] % break, ends the loop
K+XK % paste from clipboard K, sum all
Xd % trim: keep the diagonal of the matrix
Xz % remove all zeros
XG % plot (yes it plots on-line too!)
x % clear the stack
 % (implicit) display
Empirical proof: (ln k) + 1 in red always above lnk + γ + εk in blue.
enter image description here
The program for (ln k) + 1 was made in
Matlab, 47 18 14 bytes
for k=1:n
Interesting to note that the elapsed time for n=100 is 0.208693s on my laptop, but only


Possible bug/omission in Numeric library?
Karl-Filip Faxen _EMAIL_
Wed, 28 Nov 2001 16:48:55 +0100
In fact, we might want to be slightly more general. Why don't go for
a general base conversion, much like Malcolms idea but without converting
every digit to a Char. Say something like
 toBase :: (Integral a) => a -> a -> [a]
 toBase base n
 | n < 0 = error "Numeric.toBase: can't convert negative numbers"
 | otherwise = theDigits n []
 where theDigits n r = let (n',d) = quotRem n base
 r' = d : r
 in if n' == 0 then r' else theDigits n' r'
Then the showInt function becomes
 showInt :: (Integral a) => a -> (Int->Char) -> a -> ShowS
 showInt base intToDig n r = foldr (\ i r -> intToDig (fromIntegral i) : r)
 (toBase base n)
but we can also use toBase by itself. We could also have an analogous
fromBase, of course.


text:
Barbara Heath Land Race – 2012
By the time Barbara Heath visited Horsham, the town and the surrounding Wimmera District of Western Victoria were in the process of recovering from a decade-long drought. To inform her work, which was initially to address issues of drought, Heath held a number of planned and fortuitous conversations with the assistance of Horsham Regional Art Gallery staff, which came to focus on the changes in agricultural practices in the area.
The list of people with whom Heath consulted is lengthy, but Dr Bob Redden, curator Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection of the Grains Innovation Park became her main contact. In an email of August 2011, Dr Redden wrote to Heath: 'Now with unprecedented population levels and growth, there is a risk of disconnect and taking food supply for granted, even with climate change. Humans will need to change if they wish to continue their increasing diverse interests, but will need to prioritise agricultural research, better understanding our available genetic resources, plant growth and development, and imaginative paths to harnessing science and truly earn the title 'Homo sapiens'.
Land race is a direct response to the urgency of maintaining biodiversity. Agriculture today requires economies of scale that change the social landscape and limit population diversity. This results in the erasure of many small communities, loss of connection to the past and cultural loss. Dr Redden explained his department's work to ensure plant gene diversity by sourcing and saving seed from land race crops. 'Land race' is the term used to describe heritage seed varieties now being displaced by International Seed Uniformity Standards.
Heath's Land Race series shows distinct levels, from biodiversity in the soils to the patterns of farming practices above. Each Land Race also features a remnant plant species that reaches up and through the tractor track patterns: briar, apple and aloe.
There are numerous hero shots (one above) and details prepared (below), we will wait for the show to get under way and publicise a little later. The preliminary research is in an earlier blog post – click here.
2 Responses »

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
A Tingling Sensation In The Abdomen And Thighs When Exercising With Weights?
Hello, I want to ask you.rnWhy do my stomach and thighs have a tickling sensation when I do sports movements that use weights?rnrnPlease enlighten me, thanks!
Sport is one part of efforts to maintain health. Exercise using your own weight has a variety of goals ranging from maintaining fitness to increasing muscle strength.
What you are experiencing could be caused by uncomfortable clothes. Uncomfortable clothing can cause discomfort ranging from tingling to possibly painful during exercise.
In addition, because you practice using weights, it could be that an incorrect position or method can also be a trigger, causing the activities you are doing to be inappropriate with your body's physiology, causing discomfort.
Since you're using weights in your workout, make sure you warm up enough to start adding more intensity to your workout. Otherwise, your body will have difficulty keeping up with the weight and intensity of your workout, causing the discomfort you experience.
It's a good idea to learn the procedures for training with weights well before starting the exercise or learning from a trained trainer. This is useful so that your exercise is effective and reduces the risk of injury.
I hope this helps.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
A river runs under it
Experts question safety of massive groundwater pumping for basements in Palo Alto
Day-in, day-out from April through October, residents of Old Palo Alto have noticed the incessant pumping of water — estimated at up to 13 million gallons taken from one property alone.
In the last two years, eight property owners have built basements in or near the pricey neighborhood, according to Mike Nafziger, a Public Works Department senior engineer.
The catch is that the high water table in the area forces "dewatering" of millions of gallons of groundwater before a basement can be built. Yet because the aquifers flowing under Palo Alto are billions of gallons the impact of pumping is relatively small, according to one city official. At most it would cause a temporary depression in the water table, he said.
Noise annoyance aside, some residents are concerned about what's in the groundwater and whether pumping it out actually draws a toxic plume from the Stanford Research Park closer to their residential neighborhood.
The plume, which mainly stems from an underground tank that for years leaked trichloroethylene (TCE) as well as other chemicals, was first discovered in 1981 and was listed as a Superfund site in 1990. The most prevalent chemical, TCE, is a known carcinogen and solvent for cleaning metal equipment. It is already the subject of ongoing study and clean-up effort.
There are regulatory safeguards at various levels of government. But testing of pumped groundwater is optional and sporadic, and the multiple agencies involved create a potential for gaps.
City officials don't appear to be worried.
The pumping is legal and approved by the city's Public Works Department and Palo Alto's Regional Water Quality Control Plant in the baylands.
But sucking water out of shallow wells to "dewater" a site so a basement excavation can occur ranges from 30 to 50 gallons per minute, 24 hours a day for between three and six months, according to a 2008 city staff report.
The volume of water removed ranges from 3.9 million to nearly 13 million gallons per property. The eight permits over the past two years totaled just under 50 million gallons, according to city estimates — equivalent to approximately 75 Olympic-size swimming pools.
The latest pumping involves Google co-founder Larry Page's large basement project in the 2100 block of Bryant Street.
In 2008, some residents questioned whether pumping from earlier projects in the area might be drawing the toxic-contaminated plume toward residential neighborhoods. The plume presently predominantly underlies non-residential areas in the vicinity of Page Mill Road and El Camino Real — but it includes the Chesnut-Wilton-Ventura neighborhood of smaller homes as well as aparetments along Sherman Avenue near the North County Courthouse, according to a Santa Clara Valley Water District map.
The Larry Page property is about 1,500 feet east of the contaminated plume, according to the map.
Five of the eight residences where the pumping is happening are aligned north and east of Page's property, lying between Oregon Expressway and Embarcadero Road.
So far, no toxics have been found in water pumped from the projects, according to Ken Torke, environmental control programs manager at the city's Regional Water Quality Control Plant.
But that's because no one has looked. The treatment plant has not require a single property to test the water, Torke said.
The homeowners are not required under city, state or federal law to have the pumped groundwater tested. But the boundaries of the contaminated plume have not been precisely measured and need further study, according to a review of the Superfund site this year by the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, a state agency.
Stephen Hill, who heads the toxics-cleanup division at the water board, said there are two ways his agency interacts with cities: "We copy the city on all correspondence about HP 640 and other cleanup sites as a matter of courtesy." He said the agency also is available to provide expertise to help cities investigate vapor-intrusion concerns.
Yet some hydrologists express concern that large-scale pumping could accelerate the spread of the contaminated plume.
Yoram Rubin, a civil and environmental engineering professor at the University of California, Berkeley, who specializes in hydrology, said there could be reason for concern. The pumping and direction of flow of the aquifer "could have the combined and significant effect of accelerating the migration of contaminants further into the residential areas.
"It could be a significant risk and deserves careful study," he said.
But the volume of residential pumping pales in comparison to longstanding pumping done to clean up the contaminated water.
"Multiple pumps in the center of these (Superfund clean-up) sites are pulling in an equal or greater amount of water every day. A small project, a half a mile away, is unlikely to change anything," Torke said.
The regional water board's 2010 review of the HP Superfund site recommended additional monitoring of the plume in order to ensure containment. (See Weekly story, Oct. 8, 2010).
"With such uncertainty, I would worry about the effects of this pumping," Rubin said, speaking as a hydrologist but not as a specialist in Palo Alto groundwater.
Others have argued against the continued basement pumping because knowledge of the exact nature and extent of the toxic plume has been shaky for some years.
"Many containment plumes are mapped, but others are poorly characterized. Such risks additionally weigh against construction dewatering," Palo Alto resident David Stonestrom wrote in an open letter to the Palo Alto City Council in 2008, when new regulations regarding basements were adopted.
Stonestrom, U.S. Geological Survey hydrologist, said he wrote out of concern as a resident and not in his professional capacity.
But city officials say there is little to be concerned about regarding these short-term pumping projects because of checks and balances relating to the regulatory agencies involved.
Three systems contain the TCE-bearing plume, according to Roger Papler, case manager for the Regional Water Board. The systems are (1) extraction wells on the HP property, (2) wells off the HP property and (3) a high-volume filtration system at the Oregon underpass, which can filter up to 600 gallons of contaminated water per minute.
The measures currently in place "effectively contain the plume," Papler said.
"It would be very difficult for those operations to draw the... plume into the local groundwater. Even if they did, the chances of the water exceeding maximum contaminant levels for drinking water are pretty low."
But vapors are a concern.
It's uncertain whether vapor from the contaminated plume could diffuse into basements. New technologies to measure such intrusion have not been used at the HP Superfund site, he said.
TCE intrusion was discovered in 2009 in the basement air of the Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati law firm near the eastern edge in the Research Park. Papler said a work plan is being developed to address the vapor intrusion and monitoring questions.
The city's Department of Public Works and the city's Regional Water Quality Control Plant evaluate construction plans that involve dewatering. They can — but often don't — require contractors to test water for contaminants before pumping it into storm drains, according to Phil Bobel, Public Works' acting assistant director for engineering.
"If it's in the vicinity of known contamination plumes, then we require them to do tests for the contaminating substances in question," Bobel said.
In addition, the regional water board and Hewlett-Packard jointly supervise the plume's clean-up and containment.
"Any time we have a groundwater-pumping project, we send it off to them, and whatever they comment on we incorporate into our environmental review process," city Planning Director Curtis Williams said.
The Palo Alto wastewater-treatment operation reserves the right to test water before contractors discharge it into city storm drains, according to Torke. But no testing was required this year, he said.
"They were not near enough to sites of known groundwater contamination," Torke said.
All basement applications must have a soil-type and groundwater report, which he said help determine the volume and duration of pumping.
"The volume of water potentially involved depends on the soil type," Richard Woodard, principal engineer at San Carlos-based Romig Engineering, said. Romig has done a number of the "geotechnical" reports in Palo Alto that relate to pumping.
"If it's clay, water will come but at a reasonable rate. If the soil is more permeable, the dewatering will continue throughout the project," he said. While no testing was required for Page's basement project, it is less than 1,500 feet from the plume edge, as estimated by the regional water board's 2010 report. Torke said previous nearby testing had shown no contamination.
Groundwater pumping is unlikely to pull the contamination beyond its existing known boundaries, Torke said.
"When you think of millions of gallons of water, it seems like an Olympic swimming pool, but the plume itself is probably on the order of billions of gallons of water," he said.
Furthermore, the city officials said that pumping, which moves groundwater, doesn't necessarily move contaminants at the same rate.
Chlorinated solvents such as TCE "are heavier than the groundwater that they've seeped into, so they tend to sit at the impermeable bottom of the shallow aquifer," Torke said.
"These plumes tend to move more slowly than the water above."
In 2008, Torke said he grabbed three water samples at a Waverley Street site near Page's property "out of curiosity, wondering if the plume had moved and nobody knew about it. There wasn't any contamination in it," he said.
The city has encountered contaminated groundwater near


text:
Most Improved: Learning Centre students Grades 8-12
- To recognize a self-motivated, or becoming a self-motivated student who demonstrates improved work habits from September to June and the will to want to achieve. These efforts can be seen in class participation, regular attendance, and completing assignments on time.
Spirit Award Learning Centre students Grades 8-12
- To recognize consistent student effort that results in significant improvements in the following areas:
- academic achievement, organizational skills, dedication and perseverance, positive attitude, and personal growth.
- Can also be presented to students who display acts of compassion in their communities or demonstrate a significant commitment to volunteerism.
- The student must be in good academic standing, passing all core courses, and be registered as a non-concurrent student at the Learning Centre within the school year for which the award is intended.
- Students are nominated by Learning Centre staff


text:
Published: 2022 Januar
Organisation: 55th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)
Trust transfer is a promising perspective on prevalent discussions about trust in AI-capable technologies. However, the convergence of AI with other technologies challenges existing theoretical assumptions. First, it remains unanswered whether both trust in AI and the base technology is necessary for trust transfer. Second, a nuanced view on trust sources is needed, considering the dual role of trust. To address these issues, we examine whether trust in providers and trust in technologies are necessary trust conditions. We conducted a survey with 432 participants in the context of autonomous vehicles and applied necessary condition analysis. Our results indicate that trust in AI technology and vehicle technology are necessary sources. In contrast, only vehicle providers represent a necessary source. We contribute to research by providing a novel perspective on trust in AI, applying a promising data analysis method to reveal necessary trust sources, and consider duality of trust in trust transfer.
Download: Media:HICSS55-Necessary Conditions of Multi-Source Trust Transfer in Artificial Intelligence.pdf


text: The ability to redesign enzymes to catalyze noncognate chemical transformations would have wide-ranging applications. We developed a computational method for repurposing the reactivity of metalloenzyme active site functional groups to catalyze new reactions. Using this method, we engineered a zinc-containing mouse adenosine deaminase to catalyze the hydrolysis of a model organophosphate with a catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of ∼10(4) M(-1) s(-1) after directed evolution. In the high-resolution crystal structure of the enzyme, all but one of the designed residues adopt the designed conformation. The designed enzyme efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of the R(P) isomer of a coumarinyl analog of the nerve agent cyclosarin, and it shows marked substrate selectivity for coumarinyl leaving groups. Computational redesign of native enzyme active sites complements directed evolution methods and offers a general approach for exploring their untapped catalytic potential for new reactivities.


text:
EE 140 HW 4
Due Tuesday 2/12/01 at 5 pm in 497 Cory
* these models tell spice to calculate Cgs and Cgd the same way that you
do. Spice will now (with the "capop=0")
Calculate the operating point, small-signal parameters gm, ro, Cgs, Cdb,
and Cdg for an NMOS-input common source amplifier with a PMOS load.
Assume a bias current of 400uA, and a W/L for the NMOS of 100/1 and a W/L
of 200/1 for the PMOS device.
Calculate the total output capacitance, low frequency gain, pole frequency,
unity gain frequency, zero frequency, and high-frequency gain of this amplifier.
Calculate the effective capacitance at the input node of the amplifier
(don't forget Miller multiplication of Cgd). How does this compare
with the total output capacitance calculated above?
What is the pole frequency of this amplifier if it is driven by a source
impedance of 25kOhm?
What is the pole frequency of this amplifier if it is driving a capacitance
equal to its own equivalent input capacitance?
Draw a the magnitude portion of a Bode plot for this amplifier. On
the same graph, draw the Bode plot for the amplifier with an output load
equal to its effective input capacitance. On the same graph, draw
the Bode plot of two of the basic amplifiers with an ideal unity-gain buffer
between them. On the same graph, draw the bode plot of two of the
basic amplifiers cascaded together.
Using the models below, generate the same plots above using HSPICE.
Be very careful with your biasing when you have the two amplifiers cascaded
(make sure that all transistors are in saturation). You can
create an ideal unity gain buffer using a voltage controlled voltage source
* leave off Cdb though, so to get better matching between your hand
calcs and spice you should probbaly put it into
* your spice deck by hand
.model nmos1 nmos vto=1 tox=6.9nm kp=200u lambda=0.1 gamma=0.5 phi=0.6
+ capop=0 cgdo=0.5n
.model pmos1 pmos vto=-1 tox=6.9nm kp=100u lambda=0.1 gamma=0.5 phi=0.6
+ capop=0 cgdo=0.5n


State of Cloud Computing: Locking in Migration Cost
describe the imageWhile migrating to the cloud is ultimately intended to reduce costs and make it easier to run your business, not following the right steps at first can lead to the exact opposite. Ultimately, it is the risk of downtime, security of your data, and objectives of the cloud service vendor in question as your enterprise nurtures this ongoing relationship. A Statement of Work (SOW) should be developed from the start, with a focus on objectives, tasks, and deliverables. The SOW should also cover details on project management in a fixed price model.
A vendor often presents a special deal if an organization like yours signs a contract immediately. Signing a proposal is not the same as signing an SOW, as most proposals simply outline the services to be offered. These also do not break down the cost of services or list acceptable performance criteria. A proposal is just a legally binding contract, which could put your organization at risk if the services do not meet the qualifications for quality and consistency.
Taking the time to draft the SOW helps your organization in many ways. First, make sure that prices are firmly established and obligations are stated as such, not as just vague goals.
 1. Deliverables. An SOW should incorporate a project plan complete with a schedule for all deliverables and tasks associated with the agreement. Solid deadlines should be labeled outright and dates should be defined from beginning to end. Each detail needs to be written out clearly so that even someone not involved with the project can understand what is being provided. With the deliverables clearly identified, you know exactly what the cost in migrating is getting you.
 2. Performance. Downtime, speed, security, and other performance measures need to be defined as precise obligations. If the vendor's performance doesn't meet up to these expectations, therefore, you can hold them accountable. Otherwise, the vendor can find ways to hold the customer accountable for later issues and come up with excuses to charge additional fees.
 3. Organization. Define all services clearly when writing the SOW. Using alternate terms could confuse a later reader of the agreement, in effect reducing the vendor's obligations. It can also help to create a broader SOW to generate a payment structure, for example, If you are re-negotiating a time and materials pay structure to a fixed-fee one. You can then cover individual requirements further in a later statement. Take the time to plan and analyze each aspect of the agreement before writing it, in order to clearly lay out all your expectations of the vendor.
Taking initiative when it comes to the SOW means your organization has more control over the cost of the services. You can also minimize the risk of future disputes. Integrating home-grown language into the SOW also ensures projects have a better chance of staying on track, as the requirements are clearly outlined.
Each SOW should include an overview at the beginning, plus a list of your requirements for the tasks, deliverables, and milestones to be accomplished. By locking in the migration cost, your organization knows exactly what the financial obligations will be, with all aspects of the service covered. The vendor also understands what its obligations are, especially if you are faced with excessive downtime or compromises in data security. The ultimate goal is to minimize the risk while maximizing the efficiency of running your business.
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text:
Who gets what after a divorce or after a spouse's death?
Well, the answer largely depends on what state you live in. Most states in the country are actually common law states. New Mexico on the other hand, along with only 8 other states, is a community property state. This can actually greatly impact how assets are divided in your divorce. That's why it's so important you understand the basics before making major decisions like getting married, filing for divorce or creating a will.
What does Common Law or Community Property Mean?
Common Law/Community Property refers to how a state determines what happens to marital property after a divorce (the property acquired during marriage). Most US states are considered common law states. That means that for most of the country, property acquired by one spouse during the marriage is owned completely and solely by that person. That being said, if both names of the couple are on the title or deed to a piece of property, then that property would be divided equally. Upon the death of one of the spouses, their separate property is distributed according to their will, or according to probate (in the absence of a will). This makes the way the spouses determined ownership during the marriage (ie. Joint Tenancy vs. Tenancy in Common) very important.
In New Mexico, Louisiana, Arizona, California, Texas, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, and Wisconsin all property acquired during the marriage is considered community property, meaning it is owned by both spouses equally. Community property includes all earnings, property bought with those earnings, and all debts accrued during the marriage. Community property begins at the marriage and ends when the couple officially starts the divorce process. When one spouse passes away, his or her half of the community property passes to the surviving spouse. Their separate property can be devised to whomever they wish according to their will, or via probate without a will. Generally speaking, the longer the length of your marriage, the more community property you will have. Basically, unless you inherited something, anything earned or bought during the marriage will need to be split evenly.
How Does Community Property Impact my Albuquerque Divorce?
New Mexico's Community Property laws mean that any earnings or debts originating before or after the period of marriage will be considered separate property. Everything earned or bought during the marriage will have to be split 50/50. Separate property that was significantly enlarged or enhanced during the marriage can also be considered community property. However, property that was given to or inherited by one spouse during the marriage remains separate property. Sometimes, one spouse uses separate property to either purchase or maintain a home. However, if there is a mortgage on the home, whatever was paid during the marriage would be considered community property, even though one spouse may have a separate property stake in the home. That stake would need to be calculated. Likewise, the length of your marriage can also impact the amount of community property that needs to be divided. As we mentioned, longer marriages usually have more complex property division issues than shorter-term marriages. As you can see, determining ownership and interest can be pretty tricky.
Every case is different, so if you want to know what you or your spouse are entitled to in the event of a divorce, contact Albuquerque's best divorce lawyers to set up a consultation now or find tons of other great information in our family law library page. If you need help with your divorce or custody case, call our divorce lawyers at _PHONE_ or chat with someone online now.


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There are various remedial measures taken to improve the quality of students in education. It includes Staff monitored remedial sessions; each one teach one; and mentoring groups
The students who perform very poor in certain subjects will be asked to stay back after college for giving special personal session with their tutors.
With the motive of helping slow learners to come up, the "Each-One Teach-One" has been implemented in the college before the commencement of University Examinations. Under this programme, the students of the whole class will be divided in to pairs comprising of one weak and one bright student. The bright student is entrusted with the duty of helping the weaker one in studies. This programme is found to be very much helpful for the students as they can freely ask doubts and clarify them with in their peer groups.
Students are grouped into small groups based on their performance. Each teacher will have a group of twenty five students to monitor and guide them with their academics. The grouping will be done based on the analysis of their academic performance. Mentoring is one way to encourage students to facilitate academic performance.
"Each one Teach One"
Objectives of the Practice:
- To promote peer group learning.
- To develop social values i.e. supporting each other.
- To exchange one's expertise on a given topic.
The college aims at overall development of the average and below-average students, to improve their level of Excellency. Keeping this in mind, the college has initiated one of its best practices Each One Teaches One where the students are divided according to their academic performances.
This initiative began in 2015 and has proven to be extremely successful in reaching out to the students. This method helped to have good results in academic performance and enhanced their helping skills.
Evidence of success:
- The students have enhanced academically.
- Peer group study improved their confidence and their level of learning.
- The below-average students scored more marks than the earlier ones.
Problems Encountered and Resources Required


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Goulburn RiverArticle Free Pass
Goulburn River, river that, together with the Campaspe and Loddon rivers, drains most of central Victoria, Australia. Rising on Mount Singleton in the Eastern Highlands northeast of Melbourne in Fraser National Park, the Goulburn flows generally north for 352 miles (563 km) through the Eildon, Goulburn, and Waranga reservoirs and Lake Nagambie to join the Murray River 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Echuca. The principal settlements in its valley are Seymour and Shepparton. The river, crossed by the explorers Hamilton Hume and William Hovell in 1824, was named for a British under secretary of state for the colonies. Pastoralism was the dominant land use in the region until succeeded by wheat farming in the 1870s. Irrigation, introduced in the 1880s, allows fruit and vegetable farming, dairying, and sheep raising to be practiced in the area. Irrigation, however, has also caused a rise in water tables consisting of saline groundwater, and, as a result, the increased salinity of the soil has become a problem.
What made you want to look up "Goulburn River"? Please share what surprised you most...


What do the flags mean in motocross?
The blue flag with a yellow stripe is shown to lapped riders to warn them to move over as they are being overtaken by the leaders. The white flag signifies one lap to go, and the checkered flag, the one every rider wants to see first, means the race is over. Where did motocross come from?
What do the flags mean in Supercross?
Black flag: A black flag indicates the race has been stopped for one particular rider. … White flag: A white flag indicates the final lap of a race. Yellow flag: If you've ever watched a motocross or supercross race, the yellow flag is the one you've seen most often.
What do the flags mean in racing?
The "passing flag," signals slower cars to yield to faster with Diagonal traffic. Red Flag: Signals that the race stops immediately, regardless of position of cars on the track. Black Flag: Directs a driver to proceed to the pits on the next lap and to consult with race officials.
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What does a yellow flag mean in racing?
Flags are used to allow race officials to communicate with drivers. Every flag has a meaning, know them all. … Yellow Flag – Caution, something potentially dangerous lies ahead. Slow down, NO PASSING.
What does a red flag mean in a race *?
A red flag is shown when there has been an accident or the track conditions are poor enough to warrant the race being stopped. … If a race is unable to be resumed, "the results will be taken at the end of the penultimate lap before the lap during which the signal to suspend the race was given".
How many laps is a motocross race?
There are three classes: MXGP for 450cc machines, MX2 for 250cc machines, and Women's MX. Competitions consist of two races which are called motos with a duration of 30 minutes plus two laps.
What gear do supercross riders use?
The most essential protective gear a motocross rider must wear are a helmet, boots, goggles, MX kit (pants, jersey, gloves), knee and elbow pads/braces, chest protector/body armor, and a neck brace. Keep in mind that all this gear must be specifically designed for motocross or dirt bike riders.
What does a black flag mean in Formula 1?
A racing car is under no obligation to move over. BLACK FLAG. Shown with a car number to indicate that the driver must call into the pits immediately, usually because he has broken the rules and will be disqualified. RED AND YELLOW STRIPED FLAG. The track is slippery.
What does a black flag mean?
The Black Flag was flown by certain irregular Confederate Army units in the American Civil War of _PHONE_ to symbolize that they would neither give, nor accept quarter; symbolizing the opposite of the white flag of surrender. The Anarchist black flag has been an anarchist symbol since the 1880s.
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What does a black flag mean in go karting?
Black with Circle – This is a mechanical flag. If this flag is pointed at you, there is something mechanically wrong with your kart or racing clothing. You are to proceed to the pits cautiously as soon as possible. Black Flag – Disqualification flags are used when there has been a foul on the track.
What does a blue flag with a yellow stripe mean?
In Auto Racing, the Blue flag with the yellow diagonal stripe means that faster cars are approaching. … The flag is there to tell backmarkers (slower lapped traffic or slower cars in general) to give way to faster cars.
What does a yellow and black checkered flag mean?
A yellow and black checkered flag divides the beach into zones: swimming, surfing, or boating. A red flag signifies "no swimming here". A yellow flag with a black dot means "swimming only" (no surf boards or boats here).
What does a white flag mean?
What happens if a F1 race is Cancelled?
The FIA will have to placate the networks who have to shift there coverage around and potentially lose out on ad revenue. There are a lot of pieces involved. They'll do a start under the safety car, get the cars around somehow for 2 laps, then they cancel the race after lap 3 and award half points.
How do you enter a Formula 1 race?
Formula 1 requires drivers to have a good deal of experience driving similar vehicles. While there are many possible race series that can be your path to Formula 1, all racers must go through one or more of the junior levels to move up. Turn 18 years old. Formula 1 racers must all be a minimum age to hold a license.
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What does the orange and white checkered flag mean?
Airport or FAA flags are the most common alerts that heavy machinery is at work. Orange and white checkered flags are a pretty common site during airport construction. Placed atop heavy machinery or big rigs, these flags stand seven feet high with a three-foot by three-foot flag.
Types of transport


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The Sleeping Bag of the Parrotfish
The fish shown in the picture on the other page is called the parrotfish, since it resembles a parrot, as you may have noticed. This colorful fish employs quite an unusual method to protect itself against its enemies. Especially at night, it covers its entire body with a gelatin-like substance that it produces itself. Before answering the question "why?", let's see how this substance is produced and used.
This gelatinous sheath of the parrotfish is secreted from the upper side of the gill cavity. The fish secretes the substance while it breathes. After a while this sheath covers the entire body of the fish. By doing so the fish places itself within a kind of sleeping bag and becomes protected from external danger at night. This substance also enables the fish to conceal itself by camouflage. As a vital function, the transparent sleeping bag protects the fish from moray eels, one of its bitter enemies. Moray eels have an excellent sense of smell and can find their prey with it. However, the protective sheath of the parrotfish prevents the moray from perceiving its scent. The moray does not notice the fish in the sheath even if it bumps into it while passing by.
This being the case, one must ask the following questions: How did parrotfish obtain this protective sheath that they use at night? How do they know that their leading enemy hunts by means of its sense of smell? How did they discover a substance so essential in obstructing the moray's sense of smell so enabling them to spend the night in safety?
Obviously, one cannot expect a fish to decide to produce a chemical in its body and then to cover itself with this substance. Nor could such a thing have developed spontaneously through time. Parrotfish could not consciously plan to produce such a substance and could not make up such a system in their bodies of their own volition; neither could a parrotfish that lived 1,000 or 10,000 years ago.
It is a clever method of camouflage that the body of the fish is covered with gelatin, which is totally suitable for protecting the fish from its enemy. It is obvious that such a feature could come into existence only as a result of the marvelous creation of Almighty Allah, the Lord of all the worlds and the Creator of all things.


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I have few questions:
In the example "Te veo los ojos", in English that is "I see your eyes". te=your, right? IF I change the sentence to "Se veo los ojos", then it will become "I see his/her/its/your eyes"? Are these two sentences missing the subjects?
"Veo tus ojos" & "Te veo los ojos" both have the same meaning, only grammatically different? And if there is any tone difference? I mean, during what condition do the spanish people say each of them?
Is "te" a dative pronoun here? If I do not want to use the pronoun, how can I say it in Spanish?


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stem usually marks off in 5% or 10% increments. Therefore, a best estimate of the valve position may be all you can obtain. In other cases, a valve position detector provides a remote indication to a DCS. In such cases, ensure both indicators are working properly.
Many organizations do not require calibration of valve positioners for these reasons. There's much documentation that control valve positioner performance is responsible for significant loss in system efficiency and, therefore, increased costs.
To provide guidance on methods for testing positioners and control valve performance, ISA has developed a standard, ANSI/ISA-75.25.01-2000, Test Procedure for Control Valve Response Measurement for Step Inputs.
As to control valve calibration, the process is similar to positioner calibration in that one applies a pressure signal to the actuator and then tallies the resulting valve position. This step can take place with the positioner calibration, if applicable, and it can happen in conjunction with I/P calibration.
Remember to ensure the system is in a safe condition if performing the calibration in the field. In addition, know the correct action, direct or reverse, and fail position before starting. CE
Nicholas Sheble (_EMAIL_) edits the Certification department for InTech magazine. This article is from Michael Cable's book Calibration: A Technician's Guide, ISA Press 2005. Cable is a Level 3 Certified Control System Technician and is the validation manager at Argos Therapeutics.


Tuesday, November 3, 2009
How to Disassemble an HP Ink Printer Cartridge
How to Disassemble an HP Ink Printer Cartridge
By [_URL_ Noton
When electronics and their related accessories reach a point where they can no longer be used by a consumer, or a person no longer has a need for it, they have the ability to send the item to a recycler. A recycler will strip it for its parts and the parts will be disposed of in a manner that does not harm the environment. This helps keep toxic material out of landfills where they can leach into the soil and water table. One such computer printer component that can be disassembled for recycling or repair is the Ink Printer Cartridge. The computer company Hewlett Packard has a disassemble program for ink printer cartridges. As well, some people may want to disassemble their HP ink printer cartridge for repair.
The following is a guide on how to disassemble an HP Ink Printer Cartridge as outlined by Hewlett Packard in their guide on Product End-of-Life Disassembly:
1. Acquire a Torx screwdriver
2. Remove the cartridge from the printer.
3. Remove all the case parts of the cartridge
4. Remove the power supply, all carriages and unconnected harnesses that are free standing and not connected to anything.
5. Remove RIDS, ISS, SS
6. Remove the hanger, star wheel, ram drive, and support OP
7. Remove sensors, LF motor, pin linkage, feed roller, pick roller, and level and paper guides
8. Remove lever-bypass and lower paper guide
9. Remove the side wall left and side wall right
10. Remove P Lift and Kicker
When one sends a printer cartridge to be recycled, the ink cartridges, toner bottles, and drum units are broken up into small pieces so that they can be manufactured into other sorts of material. The cartridges are organized according to the plastic that they are composed of. Magnets are utilized to retrieve the metal out of the demolished components. All other components of the cartridges are forwarded to other recycling agencies so they can be separated and manufactured into other types of products. Printer cartridge components can be manufactured into many products such as steel products, industrial plastics, new cartridge toners, aluminum materials, and much more. As well, ink and toner are kept out of the landfills. If it was not for recycling, a lot of energy and pollution would be emitted which makes recycling ink printer cartridges very beneficial for the people, animals, communities, and the planet.
As we move towards a technology driven world, we have to implement initiatives to combat e-waste. When it comes to ink printer cartridges, companies such as Hewlett Packard are creating important programs to help protect the environment. As well, local governments and municipalities are implementing their own recycling programs. When you can no longer use your ink printer cartridge, be kind to the environment and do not throw it in the garbage. There many organizations that can take the cartridge and recycle it. When protecting and conserving our environment, we have to adapt to technological changes in order to make sure we have a green planet in the future. Recycling HP Ink Printer Cartridges is an easy way to create a sustainable environment.
Looking for great deals on a printer cartridge? Then make sure you visit Tons of Toner; one of the leading online supplies of ink and toners including [_URL_ printer toner, Lexmark ink, [_URL_ printer ink and much more at huge savings compared to retail prices.
Article Source: _URL_ _URL_
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Political philosophy has a lot to say on the topic of governance. So why, wonders Will Kymlicka, has the field had little to say so far about the relationships between humans and the billions of animals in our homes, on farms, in the wild?
Kymlicka and co-author Sue Donaldson hope to remedy that with their book Zoopolis. They examine how concepts like sovereignty and citizenship can be used to think about the responsibilities we owe to different groups of animals — domesticated, wild, and those like raccoons and pigeons, who live in our cities but not with us.
In this interview, we will find out what we can learn from the disability rights movement, which works to enable people to communicate and express themselves in whatever way they best can, and from indigenous rights movements, which expose the dangers of "protection" vs. true sovereignty. We will hear about why some groups like the Amish elect to opt out of certain aspects of citizenship, even as others fight hard for full inclusion.
Join us for a fascinating discussion as Kymlicka shows us a vision of human-animal relations that brings new meaning to the term "political animal".
Listen right now:


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Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
A Decade of Research on the Occurrence of Triazine Herbicides in the Environment Leads to a Unique Summary
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists completed a variety of groundbreaking studies on the occurrence, fate, and transport of triazine herbicides and their degradates throughout the 1990s. The results of these studies have been summarized and condensed into a USGS report and a book chapter providing, for the first time, a comprehensive snapshot of a decade of this research. The studies include:
The publications provide one-stop access for information that can be used for the scientific underpinnings of policy, land management, and regulatory decision making regarding triazine herbicides and their degradates in the environment.
Scribner, E.A., Thurman, E.M., Goolsby, D.A., Meyer, M.T., Battaglin, W.A., and Kolpin, D.W., 2005, Summary of significant results from studies of triazine herbicides and their degradation products in surface water, ground water, and precipitation in the midwestern United States during the 1990s: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5094, 33 p.
Thurman, E.M., and Scribner, E.A., 2008, A decade of measuring, monitoring, and studying the fate and transport of triazine herbicides in groundwater, surface water, reservoirs, and precipitation by the U.S. Geological Survey (Chapter 30), in LeBaron, H.M., McFarland, J., and Burnside, O., eds., The Triazine Herbicides: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier Science, ISBN:978-0-444-51167-6.


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wren-warblerArticle Free Pass
wren-warbler, any of a number of Old World warblers, family Sylviidae (order Passeriformes), that are wrenlike in carrying their tails cocked up. The name also denotes certain birds of the family Maluridae that are found in Australia and New Zealand. Among the sylviid wren-warblers are those of the African genus Calamonastes (sometimes included in Camaroptera), in which the tail is rather long and the underparts are barred. An example is the barred wren-warbler (C. fasciolatus) of south-central Africa, which sews its nest like a tailorbird.
What made you want to look up "wren-warbler"? Please share what surprised you most...


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Investigating the effect of a transparent barrier on the crossmodal congruency effect.
Kitagawa N., Spence C.
A transparent barrier, such as a window, protects us from approaching objects (such as flies), although we can still see the objects coming toward us through the occluder. In the present study, we examined whether this potential dissociation between tactile and visual experience introduced by the presence of a transparent barrier also affects visual-tactile interactions in normal participants, as indexed by performance in the crossmodal congruency task. Participants discriminated the elevation of vibrotactile target stimuli (upper vs lower) presented to the left or right hand while trying to ignore visual distractor lights that could independently be presented from upper or lower locations on either the same or the opposite side. A transparent occluder was placed between the vibrotactile targets and the visual stimuli (the barrier occluded the vibrotactile targets in Experiment 1 and the visual distractors in Experiment 2). Vibrotactile elevation discrimination performance was slower and less accurate when the distractor lights were presented from incongruent locations relative to the target (e.g., lower tactile target with upper distractor light). However, there were no significant differences between performance with and without the transparent occluder present. This pattern of results was replicated in Experiment 3 under conditions where the participants were periodically required to reach around the transparent occluder in order to press buttons placed near to the visual distractors. Taken together, these results support recent neuropsychological evidence [Farne et al. (2003) Int J Psychophysiol 50:51-61] suggesting that visual-tactile interactions in peripersonal space are not necessarily modulated by conscious awareness of the impossibility of our hand being touched by the visual stimuli.


Passport Translations
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Passports have long been held as the ultimate, sound document used for identification purposes, whether for booking into a hotel room, renting a car or visiting your bank. At borders at least with your biometric passport you can safely transit without a passport translation. But if you are using your passport as your main form of I.D., you may feel more comfortable getting a passport translation so that you know your identity may not be refuted by anyone who doesn't speak your language.
It is important that you get a quality passport translation which you do when you hire Cinch Translation services. All our passport translators
 - are knowledgeable in both their mother tongue and a second language fluently
 - have gained 5 years' experience in the translation field
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What is a Biometric Passport?
A biometric passport, or digital passport, is both a paper and electronic passport all in one. Embedded in it is biometric information which identifies you when you present it to an authority like the United States Immigration and Citizenship Service for identification purposes. It uses technology called the contactless smart card which has a microprocessor chip or computer chip and accompanied antenna embedded either in the back or front cover, or middle page of your passport.
Your key information is printed on the dedicated data page in the passport, as well as being stored away in the chip. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) authenticates the data that is stored in the passport's chip electronically which is difficult to forge as long as all the security mechanisms have been properly applied. There are standardized biometrics which are fingerprints, facial recognition and iris recognition and these are stored in the passport to ensure identification.
Passport Translation Can Be Beneficial
A passport translation is always useful, but there are some countries that actually require a passport translation, such as Libya. Recently, Libya made the headlines when a group of tourists were barred from entering the country, even though they were each in possession of a valid passport and they had the required Libyan visas. Libya demands an Arabic translation of your passport before you can enter the country. Our translators at Cinch Translations know which countries a passport translation is required and have a team of experienced translators in over 90 languages ready to meet your needs.
If you have planned to visit a country where most people speak a different language from your own, getting a passport translation before you leave could be the wisest decision you have ever made.
The Languages that Dominate Passports Around the World
In the United States, following the League of Nations gathering in 1920, it was decided that passports were to be issued in both English and French. Spanish was only added in the late 1990s to US passports due to Puerto Rico becoming recognized as Spanish-speaking in the U.S. commonwealth. In New Zealand, passports are in both English and Māori. Passports in Pakistan include English, Arabic, Urdu and French. In Belgium, Dutch, German and French are used, but recipients of these passports can select which language would be seen first.
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Step 1: Materials
- paper balls, different sizes are optional
- tissue paper, white, thin and square
- string, I used beige/almost white, but you can achieve a better floating effect with nylon
- something to hang the ghosts from, I used a metal ring I had laying around, but you could also use skewers or something similar
Tools that will come in handy:
- needle, thick and sturdy
Step 2: Hang your head...
Then, pull the string through till there is just enough remaining on one side to make two simple overhand knots. Use them to tie the string to the ball, as shown in the picture (the second one got a little blurred, but that's kids for you).
Step 3: Poke a hole...
If you did not leave the string in the needle, put it back in, and punch if through the center of the tissue paper. Pull it through till the tissue rests on top of the ball.


Is there a way to determine an appropriate thermostat damping factor given a timestep size and a numerical integration method?
I am computing a set of simulations in LAMMPS, using ReaxFF, tracking the path of a single (~4 atom) gas molecule as it interacts with a (~600 atom) surface.
Two thermostats are imposed on the system, one for the surface, one for the molecule.
fix surfaceFix surface temp/csvr ${surfTemp} ${surfTemp} ${surfaceDampingFactor}
fix moleculeFix molecule temp/csvr ${molTemp} ${molTemp} ${moleculeDampingFactor}
Question: How do I empirically determine a damping factor for the thermostats of the surface and the molecule?
I know intuitively that the surface temperature should be more tightly regulated than the temperature of the molecule, since the molecule trajectory is a dependent variable in the experiment. Yet I don't have a way of determining the value of each damping factor.
For instance with the molecule, errors are introduced in the limit of both small and large damping factors:
 - In the case of weak thermostatting, the force calculations can diverge and we introduce an error due to the precision limits of numerical integration.
 - In the case of strong thermostatting, we introduce an error in the energy transferred between the molecule and the surface.
Both of these errors could cause the effect of "hopping": where the molecule is provided with a non-physical velocity that causes it to jump into or out of locations that would otherwise be impossible.
There must be a connection between the timestep size + integration method, and the damping factor needed to correct for the deviation in forces that these produce. Naturally the damping required would also depend on the mechanics of the thermostat, and its effect on different degrees of freedom, but an answer addressing any thermostat is of interest.
 - 3
 $\begingroup$ For a start, I'd strongly suggest not using Berendsen thermostats and barostats for production runs, because they don't sample rigourously from the Boltzmann distribution. I'd say it's best to use Langevin dynamics for that, and if you really need continuous/"deterministic" trajectories, then I'd use Nosé-Hoover chains instead. $\endgroup$ – Godzilla Sep 8 '20 at 23:22
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Thanks. I hadn't updated the question, but for the molecule, I have since planned to substitute the berendsen thermostat out for temp/csvr instead, after reading this _URL_.1063/_PHONE_. As I understand it, temp/csvr addresses canonical resampling, but should also provide deterministic trajectories since it won't change c.o.m motion in the molecule. I'll compare this against the Nosé-Hoover chain, and consider using a different thermostat for the surface. $\endgroup$ – geo Sep 9 '20 at 8:21
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ how are we doing with this question? Has the user provided sufficient information for the question to be answered by somebody? Geo: have you done the comparison against the Nosé-Hoover chain as you said in the last comment? I'd really like to get this question out of the unanswered queue if possible, since if that queue gets too big, no one will see the other unanswered questions. Are you aware of the LAMMPS chat room? chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/109805/lammps Enter and say "hello" at least once so that we remember you if anything useful for you comes up! $\endgroup$ – Nike Dattani Oct 18 '20 at 18:32
 - $\begingroup$ _USER_ Well I think this is one of those questions that we need a follow-up on, I am getting a déjà vu here :) $\endgroup$ – Godzilla Oct 20 '20 at 16:03
 - 1
 $\begingroup$ Related: mattermodeling.stackexchange.com/q/4245/5 $\endgroup$ – Nike Dattani Mar 10 at 16:36
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Teacher De-Registered: 10 Questions for the Education Bureau Misleading, Framing, and Political Murder
A teacher at the Alliance Primary School in Kowloon Tong was accused of disseminating pro-independence messages and consequently de-registered for 'serious professional misconduct', which means the teacher is banned from entering school campuses for life. The principal and vice-principal of the school were reprimanded by the Education Bureau for mismanagement, while teachers who used the same teaching materials received warning letters.
In March last year, the involved teacher designed lesson plans and worksheets for Life Education for primary five and six students to discuss freedom of speech. Students were to watch RTHK programme 'Hong Kong Connection' and give answers on why Hong Kong independence was advocated and what freedom of speech was on the worksheets. Half a year later in September, pro-establishment newspapers published the worksheets and smeared the teacher for advocating Hong Kong Independence. The Education Bureau received anonymous complaints from 'parents' and sent staff to gain an understanding of the events. In March this year, the Bureau requested the school management committee to submit an investigation report. The internal investigation report concluded that the teacher was not guilty, but the Bureau overruled the report and disciplined the teacher with extreme punishments.
In the Bureau's press conference on 6th October, the teacher was depicted as a most vicious 'bad apple'. The Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (HKPTU) has been following the case to gain a deep understanding of the situation and holds that the Bureau's arguments are ridiculous and the procedure was outright 'black box' operation. HKPTU fully supports the teacher in appealing against the decision. Summarising all the doubts and fallacies, HKPTU poses the following ten questions to the Bureau:
Question 1: What is the intention of the complaints?
The only two relevant lessons were delivered in March 2019 and no enquiries or complaints had been received. The anonymous complaint from a 'parent' was filed six months later in September 2019. At this point, the primary six students the lessons were delivered to had already graduated. Why did the Bureau not question the complaint about its intention – was the complaint filed out of genuine concern or political motives?
Question 2: Why was teaching motive judged solely based on lesson plans?
The teacher was only responsible for creating the lesson plans and did not deliver the lessons himself. All education professionals are aware that lesson plans serve as reference only for lesson planning only. Teachers understand the background from the lesson plans and rarely stick strictly to the lesson plans in class. The Bureau did not conduct any on-site observation and concluded their accusation solely based on the content in the lesson plans. Is that a professional investigation?
Question 3: Why are other 'advanced' issues deemed appropriate?
The Bureau said that the teacher overestimated students' comprehension skills, but the students of this primary school seem to exhibit more advanced skills than their peers. Life Education teaching materials for the previous classes include topics about the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant as well as North Korea, which are not deemed inappropriate by the Bureau. Is that a double standard?
Question 4: Is the Bureau hiding the truth?
The Bureau paid a unannounced visit to the school (without saying that it's an investigation), the officials interviewed a sample of students, who unanimously said the topic of the class was freedom of speech, the teacher did not advocate Hong Kong Independence, and that they personally did not support Hong Kong Independence. Why did the Bureau never disclose this information?
Question 5: Was procedural justice observed?
In the press conference on 6th October, the Bureau brought up some 'accusations' for the first time, including the Bureau's dissatisfaction of the time planning in the lesson plans and the request for students to show their views by raising hand. Why were these accusations not mentioned in the letters issued to the teacher beforehand, so that the teacher can explain and defend himself?
Question 6: Is taking an isolated example for teaching a wrong judgement?
In the press conference, the official accused the teacher of spending 50 minutes in the lesson to account for the objectives of the Hong Kong National Party, 35 minutes to discuss topics about the division of the country such as Tibet independence and Taiwan independence. Did the Bureau gain an understanding of whether the time planning was practised in class? The Bureau regarded an isolated example as the focus of teaching. Is that a wrong judgement or is it a mere act of planting the evidence?
Question 7: This was only one lesson – how could the teacher have had a 'premeditated plan' to promote independence?
The official said the teacher had a 'premeditated plan' to promote Hong Kong independence, but video watching consisted half of the two-hour lesson. The complete video was played and students were asked to work on their worksheets afterwards. In such limited time and in one lesson, how could the teacher have had a 'premeditated plan' to promote independence?
Question 8: Is the Bureau misleading the public?
The official said there was no room for students to express their opinions and could only memorise and write the video content, so the teacher was imposing relevant thoughts and concepts on the students. Yet, in the video played in class, guests from both proand againststances were interviewed. For example, Senior Counsel Ronny Tong Ka-wah said, 'Freedom of speech never extends to harm national security'. Why did the Bureau not mention in the press conference that the teaching content also included these anti-independence standpoints?
Question 9: Is it an abuse of power?
The bureau said the teacher was offered two opportunities for written arguments, but the teacher requested to meet in person to clearly respond to the accusations. Why did the Bureau decline such a request? Is it not an abuse of power to decide on such extreme disciplines without a meeting?
Question 10: Do teachers' basic human rights still matter?
After the incident, some requested the school sponsoring body, the school, and parents to disclose information of the involved teacher in spite of privacy protection regulations and rights, but the Bureau did not show any objections to such threats to the education sector. Will the Bureau protect teachers' basic human rights?
If the Bureau fails to respond to the above questions and proceeds with disciplining the involved teacher with such extreme punishments, the Bureau admits to not fulfilling its duty, framing the involved teacher, power abuse, and threatening. HKPTU will hold the Bureau accountable.


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Engineering services are provided to develop or remediate mines to current environmental standards. Environmental problems and solutions usually involve a combination of technologies, including geochemistry, geotechnics, hydrogeology, hydrology, acid mine drainage, water chemistry and contaminant transport, land use, revegetation, and a thorough understanding of regulatory requirements together with the engineering options and controls that may be applicable. Environmental engineering services provided include site assessments to determine if environmental problems exist or could develop, evaluations of alternative control measures and the design and construction supervision of mine waste storage facilities and specific environmental protection measures (e.g. covers, liners).
Typical Services Include
- Site Selection
- ARD Prediction & Control
- Design of Tailings Storage Facilities
- Design of Cover & Liner Systems


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First of all, these phrases sound very strange to me (I should have the context they are used into, in order to have a better understanding of them).
In Spanish such phrases may be an example of that is knoun as "Complemento del Nombre". I'm not sure if such a concept exists in English grammar. In Spanish you must think of that complement as some sort of adjective that specifies the role of the main noun.
Its structure is:
[Main Noun] de [Specifier Noun]
So, with the phrase "Fiestas de árboles", you have:
- Fiestas is the main noun.
- árboles is the specifier.
then you may have these meanings (among others, depending on the context):
- Parties attended by trees (should be better expressed with: Fiestas de los árboles).
- Parties made out of trees (parties whose main element are trees).
On the other hand, "Árboles de fiestas" may have these meanings:
- Abbreviation of Árboles que están de fiestas: trees which are going or attending to a party.
- Trees used within parties (should be also expressed with: Árboles para fiestas).
As you can see, at least the meanings I can think of these phrases are very similar for both cases.


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Brinstone is a particularly hard form of stone with above solid density found on numerous worlds, including but certainly not limited to Tallon IV, Aether/Dark Aether and Bryyo. Since its compact atomic structure makes it strong, it is used as a reliable building material in constructing foundations but rarely on war-torn worlds due to its relative fragility to even the smallest of concussive blasts.
A common way to shatter Brinstone obstacles is to fire a missile, which is the only way known to famous space hunter Samus Aran could figure to move through the obstacles during several missions where she encountered the substance, considering her current weapons complement at those times.
- Kreuger displacement: 49.57
- Atomic weight: 99.987
- Vacuum potential: 87.69
- Origin: Unknown
- Metroid Prime (First appearance)
- Metroid Prime 2: Echoes
- Metroid Prime 3: Corruption


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Individual differences |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Formulation is the first and often most challenging stage in using formal decision methods (and in decision analysis in particular). The objective of the formulation stage is to develop a formal model of the given decision.
Evaluation is the second and most algorithmic stage in using formal decision methods. The objective of the evaluation stage is to produce a formal recommendation (and its associated sensitivities) from a formal model of the decision situation.
Appraisal is the third and last stage in using formal decision methods. The objective of the appraisal stage is for the decision maker to develop insight into the decision and determine a clear course of action. Much of the insight developed in this stage results from exploring the implications of the formal decision model developed during the formulation stage (i.e., from mining the model). Central to these implications is the formal recommendation for action calculated during the evaluation stage. Other implications include various forms of sensitivity of the recommendation to selected variables in the model. Additional insight is obtained by exposing key aspects of the reasoning that led to the formal decision model (i.e., by justifying the model). Possible actions following the appraisal stage include implementing the recommended course of action, revising the formal model and reevaluating it, or abandoning the analysis and doing something else.
Justifying a decision model is the action of exploring and explaining the reasoning that led to the formulation of a particular decision model.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


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Clue: 'The Father of the Symphony'
We have 1 answer for the clue 'The Father of the Symphony'. See the results below.
- "The Creation" composer
- Mozart contemporary
- "Surprise Symphony" composer
- Franz Joseph who was nicknamed "Papa"
- Surprise Symphony composer
- Austrian composer of "The Creation"
- Composer called the "Father of the Symphony"
- "Farewell" Symphony composer
- "Surprise" Symphony composer
- Prolific Mozart contemporary
Last Seen In:
- King Syndicate - Premier Sunday - October 23, 2011
Found an answer for the clue 'The Father of the Symphony' that we don't have? Then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!


MetricGAN+: An Improved Version of MetricGAN for Speech Enhancement
04/08/2021 ∙ by Szu-Wei Fu, et al. ∙ 30
The discrepancy between the cost function used for training a speech enhancement model and human auditory perception usually makes the quality of enhanced speech unsatisfactory. Objective evaluation metrics which consider human perception can hence serve as a bridge to reduce the gap. Our previously proposed MetricGAN was designed to optimize objective metrics by connecting the metric with a discriminator. Because only the scores of the target evaluation functions are needed during training, the metrics can even be non-differentiable. In this study, we propose a MetricGAN+ in which three training techniques incorporating domain-knowledge of speech processing are proposed. With these techniques, experimental results on the VoiceBank-DEMAND dataset show that MetricGAN+ can increase PESQ score by 0.3 compared to the previous MetricGAN and achieve state-of-the-art results (PESQ score = 3.15).
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This week in AI


Wyrms (novel)
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This article is about the novel. For other uses of the term, see Wyrm (disambiguation).
Wyrms osc.jpg
Author Orson Scott Card
Country United States
Language English
Genre Science fiction
Published 1987 (Tor Books)
Media type Print (Hardcover & Paperback)
Pages 263 pp
ISBN 0-7653-0560-7
OCLC 51022586
Wyrms (1987) is a science fiction novel by American writer Orson Scott Card. The story examines desire, wisdom, and human will. Card describes a version of the tri-partite soul, similar to that articulated by Plato in The Republic.
Plot introduction[edit]
The primary protagonist in the story is Patience, a fifteen-year-old girl who is the only daughter of the rightful king (the Heptarch). Her father, Peace, willingly lives as a slave to the usurper King Oruc, serving him as a faithful diplomat and assassin. Despite his genuine belief that King Oruc is "the best Heptarch the world could hope for at this time",[1] Peace ensures that Patience learns the skills she will need as future Heptarch through the stern lessons of her tutor Angel. From an early age, Patience is fluent in dozens of languages, trained in diplomatic protocols and assassination techniques, and taught to be guarded and watchful at all times.
When she is thirteen, Patience learns of an ancient prophecy that - as the seventh seventh seventh daughter of the Starship Captain, the first human to set foot on their planet of Imakulata - she is destined to give birth to Kristos, who will bring either eternal salvation or eternal destruction to the world. An entire religion has been constructed around the legends of the Starship Captain and his descendants. Thousands of people, called Vigilants, stand ready to aid Patience in reclaiming the Heptarchy and fulfilling the prophecy at the center of their religion.
Plot summary[edit]
King Oruc, fearing Patience or Peace could be a danger to his reign, keeps them under control by allowing only one of them to leave the castle at a time. However, this delicate hostage situation falls apart when Peace becomes ill. Before he dies, Peace cuts into his shoulder to retrieve a crystal globe hidden under his skin. "The scepter of the Heptarchs," he says. "Never let a gebling know you have it."[2]
Only moments after Peace dies, King Oruc sends an assassin after Patience. She easily dispatches him and leaves the castle, stopping to visit her father's preserved head in Slaves' Hall, where the heads of the wisest people are kept alive by headworms. Since the heads are coerced to speak only the truth, Patience forces her father to divulge his darkest secrets. Peace reveals that since Patience's birth, he had been fighting a powerful compulsion to bring her to Cranning, home of the geblings. The "Cranning Call," as it was known, drew the world's greatest thinkers and achievers to make a pilgrimage to Cranning, never to be seen or heard from again. Peace says the source of the Call is the Unwyrm, attempting to summon Patience to his lair.
Outside the castle, Patience feels the Cranning Call and decides she will go to Cranning to challenge the Unwyrm. Even as the Cranning Call becomes stronger and more urgent, she chooses her own routes towards the city in defiance of the Unwyrm's power. Patience, joined by Angel and a massive river woman named Sken, eventually meets Ruin and Reck, twin brother and sister geblings who are together the king of the geblings. All their lives, Ruin and Reck had been repelled from Cranning by the Unwyrm, but the Cranning Call surrounding Patience cancels the repulsion and allows them to travel with her. Will, the silent but strong human who had lived as Reck's slave, joins their party.
They stop by a house advertising simply ANSWERS. The owner, a dwelf named Heffiji, gives them a crash course in the strange genetics of Imakulata, in which every native plant or animal derives from a single originating species: a black segmented insect, or wyrm. Heffiji also explains that the scepter Patience had retrieved from her father's shoulder was the mindstone of the gebling king, stolen 300 generations ago by the Heptarch. Surgically implanted in the brain, it transfers the memories of the previous owners to the current host while absorbing new memories. Ruin - a skilled surgeon - agrees to insert the crystal into Patience's brain.
Patience spends the next 40 days half-crazy, processing the memories of previous Heptarchs and the alien minds of gebling kings. She relives the moment when the Starship Captain, lured through lust to the surface, mates with the Wyrm in its lair beneath a glacier that would later become Cranwater. The Wyrm gave birth to the geblings, dwelfs and gaunts - and then finally to a giant wyrm-like child called Unwyrm. Finally, Patience understands the Cranning Call is summoning her to mate with the Unwyrm, so that he can impregnate her with Kristos, spawning a superior human race. This improved species would outcompete humans as well as the dwelf, gebling, and gaunt variants produced by the first-generation mating between the Wyrm and the Starship Captain, eventually becoming the dominant form of life on Imakulata.
Even as her lust for Unwyrm grows, Patience knows she must kill him or the world will be doomed. She explains it all to the rest of her companions, and they continue their journey to meet and hopefully kill Unwyrm before he is able to bring his dark plans to fruition. When it is all over Patience hopes to take her place as Heptarch and unite all of the planet's species together in peace.
The fictional world of Wyrms[edit]
Wyrms is set on Imakulata, a far-future planet that was colonized by humans thousands of years before the book begins. Ore for producing hard metal is extremely rare on Imakulata, most of the deposits having been destroyed by the Starship Captain - the first human to set foot on the new world - while his ship was still in orbit.
The genetic code of species on Imakulata is malleable, displaying dramatic evolutionary changes in only a few generations. As one character notes, "every creature's genetic molecule, which is the mirror of the will, obeys the slighest command to change."[3]
Called "goblins" by humans, the geblings are an intelligent species who have the ability to communicate with each other telepathically and near-perfect powers of recollection. Physically, they resemble furry, stunted humans with long, forked, mobile tongues. They are always born as twins.[citation needed] Geblings' brains contain a crystal globe called the mindstone, which stores important memories and thoughts. Children eat their dead parent's mindstones, so that they can absorb their ancestors' most cherished memories.
Smaller than the geblings, with half-size heads and tiny brains, dwelfs have an extremely poor short-term memory and the mental capacity of a child.
Gaunts resemble lithe, beautiful humans. They have no will of their own. They respond telepathically to the desires of those around them and attempt to satisfy whatever desire is strongest. For that reason they are often employed as prostitutes.
As one gaunt explains it, "[Our will] drys up like old cake and crumbles away whenever a human or a gebling or even, disgusting as it is, a dwelf desires something of us."[4]
Comparison to other works[edit]
Like many of Card's works, this story is a metaphor. It looks at, among other things, the desires of the flesh, and how succumbing to them is dangerous.
The story bears some similarities to other books by Orson Scott Card. A Planet Called Treason also took place on a planet without ore. Patience is a child turned savior, similar to other protagonists in Card's works like Ender Wiggin, Alvin Maker and Lanik Mueller. The semi-conscious self-modifying organism native to Imakulata (which becomes, eventually, Unwyrm) resembles the Descolada from Speaker for the Dead.
 1. ^ Card, Wyrms (1987):8
 2. ^ Card, Wyrms (1987):53
 3. ^ Card, Wyrms (1987):27
 4. ^ Card, Wyrms (1987):286
See also[edit]
External links[edit]


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In a previous JS Link / CSR post we covered how to handle what is displayed in a web part when there are no items to show. SharePoint's default message is an ambiguous:
"There are no items to show in this view of the [listname] list"
Not an awesome user experience. Something a little more contextually relevant might be more helpful to users – either in a simple list view, or in a more complicated solution.
A PowerApps Gallery control isn't any better – merely showing a blank record. The Data Table control, on the other hand, has a handy 'NoDataText' property that can be configured to display a message when the control is empty.
So, what do we do when using Gallery controls – until a 'NoDataText' property is added and/or the Data Table control allows for more configuration options? As is the answer with many things in PowerApps: We use a formula.
Using an appropriate text field control within a Gallery control, we can replace the Text property with a formula like the following:
If(CountRows([_List Name_])=0,"[_Put your message here_]", ThisItem.Title)
For a SharePoint list named: DefaultList you get the following:
If(CountRows(DefaultList)=0,"Nothing to see here", ThisItem.Title)
The 'CountRows' function as you might guess returns the number of rows in the list.
The 'If' function tells the control to set the displayed value of the control to "Nothing to see here" if the condition (there are 0 rows) evaluates to 'true'. If not, the value of the control is ThisItem.Title – the normal field value we would expect in the control. The text is only displayed when there are no items in the list.
- Get started with formulas – PowerApps
- CountRows reference in PowerApps
- If function in PowerApps
- Data table control in PowerApps
- Gallery control in PowerApps
- JS Link – No items to show blog post
We met at the SP Conference 2017 in Chicago. I have only attended the last 2 conferences, and always feel like I have learned something from your presentation! Thank you. However, I am still new to SharePoint Online, starting to build our Intranet. I used SP Designer before with SP10, but now it is built into SP Online and it's not quite the same. I do not know how to get to the ASP code, how to download the pages to modify them. Is there another software we could use to do more of the development and programming to customize pages? I have not been lucky at finding what I need and how to set up a development environment to customize the web code. Could you please steer me in the right direction? Thanks!


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As any graduate has discovered, there's a difference between work and learning about a job in a classroom. The Troup County School System's work-based learning program is designed to bridge that gap by giving students experience in their chosen field before graduation.
Students now choose a pathway in school, like a major in college, to study in their chosen field. The work-based learning program allows students to receive class credit for working at a job.
"Some are aligned with their pathway, some are not," said Patsy Smith, coordinator for work-based learning at Troup High School, about jobs students currently hold. "We're trying to reconfigure that. We want to get all the students to where they align with their pathway."
Students who participate in work-based learning at THS can use either one or two classroom periods at the end of the day to go to their job. For those that take one class period, they are required to have at least five hours per week, or 90 hours at the end of the semester. For those that take two class periods, at least 10 hours of work per week, or 180 hours per semester, is expected.
"We want to show them what it will really be like" in the working world, Smith said. "… I try to find them training stations, jobs where they can learn in their chosen fields."
Students who do work in a field they plan to continue in after school get a head start on finding out if they are in the right pathway, Smith said. For students like Casey Watts, who works at Quality Machine on West Lukken Industrial Drive, the opportunity allowed him to get into a field he enjoys.
Watts was a metal shop student at THS before the program closed. After attending a job shadow at Quality Machine and Fabrication, he approached Bill Holloway about a job there. He was hired the next week, and Feb. 8 will mark a year working at the shop.
"It's something I like doing," Watts said of his job.
Watts gets to run a lathe and help with jobs like repairing and fabricating replacement rollers for area mills.
"I learned a lot of tricks" of the trade, Watts said of working at the shop versus taking classes. "Mr. Bill has taught me a lot."
After he graduates, Watts wants to attend tech school for welding and college for machining.
Kinsley Hanners is an intern in the program, which means she doesn't get paid. Choosing the education pathway, Hanners works with Kindergarten team leader Kimberly Fitch at Whitesville Road Elementary School.
Hanners works with the young students and helps Fitch with lesson plans and preparations after students leave. As part of her internship, she also is required to lead three lesson plans during the semester.
"It's helped a lot," Hanners said of the hands-on experience compared to learning about it in a classroom. "Seeing how the children act and react (is very valuable). You're not just hearing it from somebody else."
Hanners said the internship has even strengthened her resolve to become a teacher.
"I like it a lot," she said. "All the kids are really nice, they like me a lot. It's really sweet."
Fitch said Hanners has a natural ability with the children and is always willing to stay late to help her prepare for the next day. Hanners also has been a part of school meetings and faculty discussions, giving her insight into what teachers do after class.
"She's also seen some of the last-minute things that pop up," Fitch said. "As a teacher, you have to be flexible. That's something that she's learned."
At Troup High School, students also have the opportunity to work out of the school in Amy Hicks' graphic arts shop and Lamont Pitts' automotive shop. Students in both shops are paid employees of the school system.
Hicks takes jobs from the school system, alumni association, non profits and churches for printing fliers, business cards, publications, posters, banners and anything else the shop can produce. Three students currently work in the shop, taking on jobs with deadlines to meet and customers that they need to please.
The shop makes enough money to cover its costs, Hicks said, so it doesn't cost the school system any additional money.
Trevor Spradlin, one of Hicks' students, said Hicks convinced him to come work in the shop. He enjoys working with the offset printer, which can print small publications. He plans to operate a screen-printing business one day and the program has allowed him to already get certifications in design and sign printing.
Alyson Brooks, another of Hicks' students, said she wants to get into graphic design and loves the idea of being able to create "something from nothing." She said working with real clients and deadlines gives students in the program a true understanding of what is expected of them.
In Pitts' automotive shop, Nick Nixon and Hunter White were working on a county-owned vehicle that needed repair. Students in the automotive program work on practice units and models, but once participants in the program they have the knowledge, they relish being able to "dive in" and work on the real thing, Pitts said.
Nixon and White both plan to work in the automotive or diesel field later. Nixon also works at LaGrange Toyota.
"You do hands-on stuff all the time in here," Nixon said.
White added that the program allows students to get a real perspective on things that they talk about in class.
"It clicks more than just reading it in books," he said.
Pitts also allows Nixon and White to supervise other students, giving them experience not only in working on engines, but management.
Smith said although many students in the program have a foothold into gainful employment, and many can earn certifications while participating, most plan to get post-secondary education in their fields.
"We're trying to bridge that gap," she said of allowing students to gain experience in their field before committing to it after high school. "… We're not just teaching them to graduate, then go straight to work."


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Diffusion, Plant Pigment, and Carbon Compound Labs
We've certainly been keeping busy this fall in Biology. Here are some snap shots of just a few of our recent labs. Our experiments have been a lot of fun and have given the students the opportunity to apply what they've learned. Students are learning to work with lab teams, follow detailed procedure and and practice lab skills such as observing, inferring, predicting outcomes, calculating, analyzing data, using models, comparing and contrasting, and drawing conclusions.
In our Diffusion Lab we looked at how the cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Students tested whether glucose, iodine or sugar could diffuse across a semi-permeable membrane. Through this process they learned how to detect diffusion and to predict how the size of a molecule and concentration affect the process of diffusion
In our Plant Pigment Lab we used paper chromatography to separate photosynthetic pigments (such as chlorophyll a, b & carotenoids) found in spinach, red romaine lettuce and maple leaves. Students were tasked with determining what type of pigments are found in each leaf type and which combinations provide plants with the biggest photosynthetic advantage.
In our Carbon Compound Lab we used colored gum drops to build organic molecules such as fatty acid chains, ATP, glucose and amino acids. We explored the properties of each compound and learned about their chemical structure.
We're looking forward to many more enriching lab experiences including our Gordon lab series that begins this month!
Stay tuned :-) Mrs. Corbin