text:
The Chlorine-Ammonia Process was developed recently as a preoxidation process to minimize the formation of bromate during ozonation of the waters containing a significant bromide concentration. Chlorine is added first followed by ammonia 5–10 minutes later, with the goal of sequestering bromide in monobromamine during the subsequent ozonation step. The goal of this research was to improve the Chlorine-Ammonia Process by introducing a very short prechlorination step (i.e. 30 seconds before addition of ammonia) to minimize overall disinfection by-product formation. Also, in this strategy, formation of a powerful halogenating agent, HOBr, is minimized and bromochloramine (NHClBr) is used predominantly instead of monobromamine to sequester bromide during ozonation. To support this improved approach to bromide sequestration, this study examined the formation and decay of bromochloramine as a function of operating conditions, such as pH and Cl2:N ratio, and refined a chemical kinetic model to predict haloamine concentrations over time.
Keywords: bromide, bromochloramine, monochloramine, prechlorination


text:
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
|Title:||Live video identification and transmission over wireless network|
Wireless communication systems.
Real-time data processing.
Hong Kong Polytechnic University -- Dissertations
|Publisher:||The Hong Kong Polytechnic University|
|Abstract:||With the advancement in mobile computing technology, the capture devices and storage for video content become more and more mature and convenient. Live video identification and transmission are two prevalent and fashionable topics in mobile multimedia computing area. The growth of online video content raises new opportunities for the processing and delivery of the contents. Compared with traditional video applications, unprecedented challenges are raised on mobile real time video identification and transmission. Massive data are created on network every day, especially for the video uploading and downloading from mobile devices to the cloud. Moreover, limited resources in the mobile wireless network, such as bandwidth and computation capacity, demand more efficient and effective approaches of real time video identification and transmission. In the interests of achieving multimedia identification and transmission higher accuracy in real time under limited resources, we proposed corresponding solutions to solve the two fundamental problems. Simultaneously, based on the proposed methodology, a mobile based multimedia computing system is needed so as to embed complex multimedia computing process and realize it in real time. This thesis consists of three parts. The first part focuses on video transmission scheduling, which is to schedule and distributed the multimedia resources to all the users according to the multimedia unique characters. The second part focuses on video-based human action recognition, which is to exact the specific feature of the action and construct a model for action recognition. In the third part, a Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) system is developed and supported by the above mentioned technologies, namely Real-time mobile based Video Recognition (RVR) system. The system demonstrates the live video transmission and identification can be processed in real time over wireless network with high accuracy under scarce resources. Firstly, we study the problem of video transmission scheduling. We propose a newly video delivery scheme, Utility Coordination Function (UCF), over 802.11 networks. Given the limited wireless resources, supporting multi-user video streaming with good video Quality-of-Service (QoS) is very challenging. The key difficulties involve providing good playback quality while also satisfying the stringent video packet delay bounds, especially for transmitting large amount of data under the limited resources such as bandwidth. The allocation of wireless resources needs to be efficient and coordination of mobile video users should have a distributed fashion. In this thesis we present a distributed framework for multi-user video streaming over an ad-hoc 802.11 like wireless networks. The proposed algorithm is based on a utility-driven mechanism that adjusts the video users' sending rates according to Application layer video buffer status. We propose multiple schemes towards different levels of user requests, and deal the problem with scalable techniques. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is quite efficient on radio resource will have better QoS than content blind Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) scheme. Besides, we also prove that our proposed solution is robust against the possible variations in the network.|
Secondly, we study the problem of video-based human action recognition. We propose a spline approximation approach for video based action recognition to deal with large scale database. Video action recognition is another active research topic in computer vision and communication. Effective and fast processing approaches are highly demanded. Traditional pattern recognition and machine learning techniques can solve problems for text and image with satisfactory performance. However they become less helpful when processing large amount of video data. Besides, some statistic models designed for some special video processing applications, cannot handle the general video-based pattern recognition problem. In this thesis, we have tackled these problems from several aspects including simplifying the video representation and dimensionality reduction, improving spatio-temporal modeling, and speed up the online matching issue. The proposed approach focused on merging the current training trajectories into a much smaller but discriminative dataset to accelerate the processing for matching. An extension is also considered by introducing the idea of graph embedding; we polish the subspace learning with constructing an affinity matrix, to better evaluate the similarity within the same class during the training session. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed methods work effectively and efficiently. Thirdly, we proposed a Real-time mobile based Video Recognition (RVR) System over Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). The cloud computing and mobile computing technologies lead to the newly emerging MCC paradigm. Three major approaches have been proposed for mobile cloud applications: 1) extending the access to cloud services to mobile devices; 2) enabling mobile devices to work collaboratively as cloud resource providers; 3) augmenting the execution of mobile applications on portable devices using cloud resources. This part focuses on the third approach in supporting mobile data stream applications by employing the proposed transmission and recognition algorithms. More specifically, we apply the optimized partitioning algorithms to the RVR system, which separates the computation of a real time video application between the cloud and mobile devices and then achieves maximum speed in processing the streaming data under predefined recognition accuracy. We first involve a real time partition algorithm for MCC based live video recognition system. Both numerical evaluation and real world experiment have been performed, and the results show that the proposed system can achieve better performance in terms of throughput than without employing the proposed algorithms.
|Description:||xvi, 119 p. : ill. ; 30 cm.|
PolyU Library Call No.: [THS] LG51.H577P COMP 2013 Yuan
|Rights:||All rights reserved.|
|Appears in Collections:||Thesis|
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Hyper-flighting: a micro-strategy in 4 steps
Daina Middleton
Daina Middleton
Direct marketers can generate cost savings, sales volume and more by using micro-strategies to get more granular with media buys. Geo-targeting, for example, enables marketers to tailor offers to individuals in the specific geographic locations that are most likely to respond.
New and innovative micro-strategies continue to emerge, however, and "hyper-flighting" helps direct marketers leverage paid search to make offline efforts, like catalog drops, more effective.
Here are four steps to improve the cost effectiveness of your offline communications using the powerful strategy of paid search hyper-flighting:
1. Coordinate PPC campaigns with catalog drops or other offline communications. Featured products should be represented in paid search keyword portfolios, including colors, descriptions, product numbers and alternative names, to address the different ways a potential customer might search for these products.
2. Relax ROI/effective revenue share requirements (ERS). By temporarily relaxing these metrics and budget constraints, direct marketers can capture increased interest and sales from offline promotions. Hyper-flighting reduces time and energy needed to make adjustments, especially for advertisers with large keyword portfolios.
3. Create hyper-flighting groups. Classify keywords into approximately five groups for keyword portfolios with 50,000 or more keywords. Create groups based on past performance, keyword types, bid prices and search volume, paying particular attention to how you use these keywords when entering or exiting flights.
4. Prioritize changes by group. Search teams can quickly change the bids of high spend terms to increase or decrease ERS. This strategy helped a leading outdoors cataloger with more than 50,000 keywords generate significant traffic growth, increase sales 15%, boost clicks by 12% and reduce effective revenue share by 11%.
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I know \mathcal{ABC...}, but can't seem to bold these - thanks for help - PMF
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4 Answers 4
You're going to need a font that contains bold calligraphic fonts. One possibility for fonts without it is to use the bm package.
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This also works for bolding greek letters in math mode, e.g. \bm{\alpha} – Martin Tapankov Sep 6 '10 at 15:46
You can define your own math alphabet that accesses the Computer Modern symbol font in its bold weight.
$\mathcal{A}$ $\mathbfcal{A}$
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Another option is to bite the bullet and use LuaTeX with OpenType math fonts. In Context mkiv you can use
${\bf\cal abc}$
To get bold calligraphic fonts. As a bonus you get lowercase calligraphic as well. I am sure that unicode-math for lualatex has something similar.
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Yep: \setmathfont{xits-math.otf}...$\mathbfcal{abc}$. Can be used in XeLaTeX or LuaLaTeX. – Will Robertson Sep 7 '10 at 4:34
In mathematical environment you may use \boldsymbol
here is my suggestion:
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NEW ZEALAND – Archeologists at an excavation site in Dunedin, New Zealand, discovered the fossilized remains of winged humans!
The discovery was made yesterday morning when Dr. Herman Meyer of Massey University uncovered the fossilized bones of a human male with bird-like wings.
Further digging by Dr. Meyer and his team yielded even more astonishing discoveries. After the 30 day excavation, which concluded on Saturday, over 250 winged creatures had been found.
"I couldn't believe what I was seeing," said Dr. Meyer. "One after another these fossils kept appearing out of the dirt. It led me to think that an entire civilization of winged humans once lived here!"
Dr. Meyer and his team ran tests on the fossilized remains, concluding that the winged humans were a nomadic people that roamed the Earth in mass groupings or "flocks."
"These winged humans were a civilized people" said Dr. Meyer. "They used tools and built houses. They may have even developed their own language."
Additional tests found that the winged humans could fly at speeds of up to 60 mph and at altitudes of over 6,000 ft.
More impressive was that dating techniques indicated the fossils to be at least 100,000 years old, an age which Dr. Meyer and his team consider "recent" in the timeline of human evolution.
"The fact that these fossils are only 100,000 years old is astounding," said Dr. Meyer. "If what the dating techniques indicate is true, then these winged humans developed after the era of modern Homo sapiens."
"That means they could still be around," he added.
The news of Dr. Meyer's discovery has sent shockwaves through the scientific community, forcing scientists everywhere to rethink the history of mankind.
"Dr. Meyer has rewritten the book of human evolution," said PhD Ape, WWN's resident expert on all things scientific. "He is bound to win the Nobel Prize."
Some in the scientific community say the winged humans may be the key to understanding the mysteries of modern science, like where Bat Boy came from or where Elvis is hiding.
So keep your eyes peeled, Weekly World News readers! You might just see a UFH's (Unidentified Flying Human) soaring through the sky!

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Make sure that when you finish discussing a specific area (e.g., mental health or domestic violence), you have a clear understanding of the applicant's situation and that you have enough information to judge whether a referral is needed.
Make sure you identify any barriers the client faces and determine if the client needs any supportive services to achieve their goals.
Helpful suggestions, like when to make a referral and things to look for when working with the family, are included on the assessment forms. They are there to help you more accurately evaluate the family's situation.
Regardless of the method used to complete the assessment, information must be collected on all the areas concerning the client and their family necessary to have a clear understanding of the family's situation.


Art practice and the Nondual experience
My art practice is an exploration of the concept of 'nonduality'. In the Western philosophical traditions, nonduality relates to the mind-body or subject-object issue. A nondual experience refers to a state of consciousness, in which the dichotomy of 'I' and the 'other' is "transcended".
Non-duality means "not two" or "one undivided without a second". In the Eastern traditions (Advaita Vedanta, Buddhist philosophy and Sufism) nondual experience is described as a'spiritual experience', or 'experience of oneness'. It is the human experience of oneness with all things; a sense of connection to and identity with the entire universe.
Aesthetic objects are contemplated as objects of sensory pleasure and hold significance and value. The act of experiencing (or looking at) an artwork requires a seer and an object that is being seen. Could there be a moment in that experience where the distinction between the seer and the artwork blurs? In some literature an aesthetic experience is described as nondual because it is nonintentional, and cognitive. Often it becomes difficult to distinguish between aesthetic and spiritual.
My art practice is two pronged: exploration of the question whether an aesthetic experience is similar to a nondual (or spiritual) experience, and creating art to explore the issue of representation of nonduality in contemporary art. I research on nondual experience in various traditions and how they are represented in contemporary art.


text:
A color ramp uses color to display its numeric value. You configure a color scale that consists of at least two arbitrary markers, each with a numeric value and a corresponding display color. As the input value changes, the color displayed changes to the color that corresponds to that value. Color ramps are useful for visually indicating data ranges, such as a warning range for when a gauge reaches dangerous values. For example, you can use a color ramp to set the color scale for intensity graphs and charts.
Complete the following steps to add and configure a color ramp.
- Right-click a dial, knob, or gauge and select Visible Items»Ramp from the shortcut menu to add a color ramp.
- Right-click the color ramp or a marker and select Marker Spacing»Arbitrary from the shortcut menu to switch the color ramp to arbitrary marker spacing.
- To change the value of an arbitrary marker on a color ramp, use the Operating tool to drag the marker to the value you want or use the Labeling tool to highlight the text of the marker and enter a new value. When you drag a marker, the cursor changes to to indicate the tool is over a marker.
- To add a new marker to the color ramp, right-click the position on the color ramp where you want to add a new marker and select Add Marker from the shortcut menu. LabVIEW adds a new marker to that location. You also can press the key while you drag an existing marker to the location where you want to add a marker.
(Mac OS X) Press the key. (Linux) Press the key.
- Use the Operating or Positioning tools to right-click the marker next to the color ramp and select Marker Color from the shortcut menu to change the color associated with a marker.
- Select the color you want from the color picker that appears.
- Resize the color ramp by moving the Positioning tool over one of the handles that appear on the midpoints of the color ramp. Drag the handle to the width you want.
||Note Meters have a visible color ramp by default.


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What is the meaning of the 'the water-wraith was shrieking' in "Lord Ullin's Daughter"?
1 Answer | Add Yours
This quote is part of a general description of the storm that is raging over the water which characterises how dangerous it was to go out on the ferry boat and to leave the safety of land. In this stanza, one of the key features is the way that the storm is personified, and this is certainly something that describing it as being the result of a "water-wraith" helps achieve:
By this the storm grew loud apace,
The water-wraith was shrieking;
And in the scowl of heaven each face
Grew dark as they were speaking.
Note how heaven is given a "scowl" as it is imagined as some kind of angry person, paralleling in fact the anger of Lord Ullin at his daughter's elopement. The "water-wraith" helps convey the violence of the storm and its impact on the water, because not only does it help imagine a supernatural being causing the turmoil but it also conveys the intensity of the tempest through the picture of this water-wraith "shrieking," with the use of onomatopoeia here enacting the sound of the water as it is churned and whipped by the elements. What is key is that even though the storm is described to be so ferocious and so intense, Lord Ullin's daughter would gladly face that than the anger of her father.
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text:
become easier to access
Example: In the last 20 years China has opened up to international trade.
For more meanings of the phrasal verb open up
, follow the link.
To go on to something is to progress.
Example: He went on to university and then became a teacher.
A stepping stone is a stage of achievement or an event that leads on to something else.
Example: Doing a postgraduate honours year is a stepping stone to a PhD.
et cetera; and so on; other things like that
Example: I like driving anything fast - motorbikes, speedboats and that.


text:
- What is positive parenting?
- How to make positive parenting work for teenagers?
- What are the benefits of positive parenting for teenagers?
Imagine your teen sneaks out of the house after you sleep in the night. When you come to know of it, you seethe with anger and helplessness because your child has begun hiding things from you.
In such a situation, it is difficult to think objectively but if you succeed in doing that, then it becomes much easier to deal with your teenaged child. Doesn't it sound so very positive?
What Is Positive Parenting?
Positive parenting is a style that focuses on building a healthy parent-child relationship based on communication, discipline, respect, and love.
It is a belief that children should be treated with respect, nurtured and guided with love while providing them with an environment that is free of fear and violence. In simpler terms, PP calls for loving guidance, positive discipline, and reasonable limits.
Adolescence is the most turbulent phase of a child's life. They go through several physical and emotional changes. They change their perspective on life and begin to understand things that were hitherto incomprehensible.
As a parent, you need to revisit your parenting techniques and see if they require any changes.
How To Make Positive Parenting Work For Teenagers?
If you have been following PP since your child's younger years, then you may continue with it. If you haven't been doing it, then it's time to introduce now.
Here is how you can make positive parenting work:
1. Communicate openly:
Teenage is a delicate time when your child becomes vulnerable to peer-pressure. They might get tempted to imitate their friends and take up new habits. For obvious reasons, this will be kept a secret from you.
[ Read: Negative And Positive Parenting ]
Therefore, you need to take the initiative to discuss such matters with your child. Talk to them about having sexual relationships, drug abuse, alcoholism and the importance of having a goal in life.
Some topics might make you as well as the child uncomfortable. Make them feel comfortable with your tone, body language, and timing. Maintain eye contact while you talk, maintain a positive tone, and choose a good time to talk.
Remember, communication is the basis to maintain a healthy relationship with your teenager.
2. Balance your role as a parent and a friend:
Make your teenager realize that you love them, and you are there for them no matter what the problem is. Make them see a friend in you, have fun with them, go out on holidays together or party together.
But at the same time, make sure they respect and listen to you. Do not hesitate to be stern with them, when required.
3. Spend time with them every day:
You might be busy with work, and your teenager with their school and friends. But that shouldn't stop you from interacting with each other every day. Make it a rule that you have at least one meal in a day together.
Ask them how their day was, or what plans they have for the day. Tell them how your day has been. Have a weekly routine such as going out for a movie or playing a sport.
4. Give them freedom:
This is one of the most important things they crave for. Teenagers love freedom and hate intrusion. They may make you feel they do not want you anymore, but don't take it seriously because you know they need you.
Allow them to spend time with their friends, and pursue a hobby of their choice. But make sure you know what they are doing and how they are using their freedom.
5. Listen, understand, empathize but don't judge:
Listen to your child when they share something with you. When you listen to them, they are likely to open up and share their issues. Assure them that you can help them resolve the matter but resist from criticizing or judging your child.
6. Don't show your authority:
The more you control your teenager, the more they rebel. Don't make them feel that they should listen to you because you are their parent. Let them explore life, and learn lessons. But know about their friends and their parents, the activities they are into and stop your teenager if they are deviating from the right path.
7. Believe in your child:
Each child is bestowed with some talent. Observe your child's talents, and encourage them to do well in their field.
Don't belittle them by comparing them with others or criticizing them. Don't force them to achieve the goals you have set for them. But make sure they are having an aim in life and are focused on it.
[ Read: Authoritative Parenting Style ]
8. Be an example:
If you want your child to be in a certain way, you need to be an example for them. If you want your teenager to keep away from smoking, then you should stop doing it, at least in front of them. Your teenager can be honest with you only if you are truthful with them.
9. Focus on their health:
Provide your teenager with a balanced and healthy diet. Let your teen get good sleep, and be physically active. Don't allow them too much screen time and discourage late night outings.
10. Monitor their online activities:
If your teen is using the internet, monitor and track what they are using it for. Keep an eye on their social media interactions, their online friends and the groups they follow. Give them privacy but hold the strings in your hands.
11. Set rules and consequences:
Giving freedom doesn't mean that you lift all the rules. But yes, you need to revise the existing ones to suit your teenager. Also, set some consequences that are in sync with their age.
For instance, if your teenager goes out without your permission, cut down on his pocket money (consequence).
Points to remember while setting consequences:
- Avoid threatening or giving ultimatums; your teen may take them as a challenge.
- Be straight, firm, and clear; instead of simply telling them not to stay late, specify a time limit.
- Enforce the consequences immediately. While enforcing them, make sure you correct the behavior and not your child.
- Have clear-cut consequences so that your child knows what's in store if they break a rule.
12. Do not be rigid with rules:
Before finalizing the rules, have a discussion with your child. Take their view, and consider their opinion. This makes your teen bind to the rules. When they understand the purpose, they are likely to comply with the rules.
Also, allow some flexibility. When your teen behaves responsibly, give them freedom. On the other hand, if they are irresponsible, restrict their freedom.
It isn't easy to keep your cool and deal with the mood-swings of a teenager. But if you succeed in doing that, you will see how beneficial it is for the child and you as well.
[ Read: Uninvolved Parenting Effects On Children ]
Benefits Of Positive Parenting For Teenagers
When positive parenting becomes a way of living from early years, here is how it can help you and your child (1):
- Strong bonding: Positive parenting focuses on recognizing positive behavior rather than criticizing the negative one. When you reward positive behavior in your child through love, guidance and appreciation, it encourages them to do better.
- Secure attachment: When you are protective of your child and reassure that you are there for them anytime they need you, you make them feel secure. This attachment promotes healthy development. It builds resilience in your child and makes them confident.
- Builds forever-lasting trust: When you allow your child to follow their dreams and give them the freedom to pursue their interests, your child trusts you for life, and appreciates you for whatever you have done for them.
- Feels free to talk to you: When you are open in your communication, it reassures your child that they can talk to you about their problems. They are likely to share their concerns and issues with you.
- Emotionally healthy: Kids of parents, who are open in their approach, are emotionally healthy; they develop the ability to regulate their emotions. They are good at problem-solving and go on to have successful relationships.
- Academic success and life skills: Kids with positive self-esteem do well in school. A healthy parent-child relationship also contributes to academic success and teaches important life skills. On the contrary, a poor parent-child relationship is linked with problem behavior and substance abuse in teens.
- Responsible: With freedom comes responsibility. When you allow freedom to your child, you also make them responsible not to misuse it.
- Reduces power struggles: Strict disciplining can make children rigid and disobey the parents. PP sets limits while being empathetic with the child. That helps the child to obey the parent without feeling controlled.
- Personality development: The crux of PP is to let the child excel. They are motivated to do well as they know that their accomplishments are rewarded. Such children are self-motivated. They are driven to perform well and develop their personality in the process. Positive parenting reinforces positive behavior through rewards or praises.
[ Read: Holistic Parenting Tips ]
It pays to be patient with your teenager, understand their behavior and play along. If the going gets tough, just go back to your teenage days and take cues from your own experiences. Be friendly with your child, give them freedom but make sure they stick to the right path and follow the house rules.
Do you have an experience to share? Let us know in the comment section.
- Tips To Become A Better Parent
- Slow Parenting & Its Benefits
- Amazing Quotes On Parenting
- Effects Of Single Parenting


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The legend says that the healing water was found by the castle's hunters. When they were hunting in the districts of Košnica and Dobrina, one of them felt sick and he was dragged along the snow towards the road to Dobrina, from where he would be taken by horses to Žusemje Castle. Amongst a large area of snow, they saw a patch of land and water which was not frozen. The sick person was given that water to drink and soon he got well.
Many other stories about the miraculous healing of people who drank that water originated later. After those legends, which represent the oldest data on the healing powers of the water in Dobrina, the name DOBRINA CASTLE SPRING originated.
The settlement of Dobrina is an excellent starting point for a walk to nearby Žusem located on the 669 m high rise where two churches stand, the first one is the Parish Church of St. Valentine, however, the second one is the 700 year old established Church of St. Jacob, which has valuable preserved frescoes from the 15th and 16th century and chandeliers made of local glass. In the nearby small village of Tinje, the archaeological finds Tinje and the remains of the sunken Žamerk Castle are located. Here, objects from the late Antique and Early Slavic period were found. In Javoršica the partisan hospital is still preserved. You can get additional information at Društvo Izviri (Springs Association).
Društvo Izviri Dobrina
Loka pri Žusmu
Tel. : ++386 3 579 71 03
guided tourindividualFree of charge
Administrator : Razvojna agencija Kozjansko - TIC Šentjur | ++386 3 749 25 23 |
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Local information ŠENTJUR


text:
Location of Bodega Bay and Bodega Harbor
|Nearest city:||Bodega Bay, California|
|Area:||3,170 acres (1,280 ha)|
|Added to NRHP:||December 18, 1973|
|Designated CHISL:||November 3, 1969|
Bodega Bay is a shallow, rocky inlet of the Pacific Ocean on the coast of northern California in the United States. It is approximately 5 mi (8 km) across and is located approximately 40 mi (60 km) northwest of San Francisco and 20 mi (32 km) west of Santa Rosa. The bay straddles the boundary between Sonoma County to the north and Marin County to the south. The bay is a marine habitat used for navigation, recreation, and commercial and sport fishing including shellfish harvesting.
Bodega Bay is protected on its north end from the Pacific Ocean by Bodega Head, which shelters the small Bodega Harbor and is separated from the main bay by a jetty. The San Andreas Fault runs parallel to the coastline and bisects Bodega Head, which lies on the Pacific Plate; the town is on the North American Plate. The village of Bodega Bay sits on the east side of Bodega Harbor. The bay connects on its south end to the mouth of Tomales Bay.
Streams flowing into Bodega Bay include the Estero de San Antonio and the Estero Americano. Accessible beaches on Bodega Bay include Doran Regional Park (on the jetty) and Pinnacle Gulch. Apart from the harbor, all of Bodega Bay lies within the boundaries of the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary.
Coast Miwok native Americans lived on the shores of Bodega Bay. Documented village names include: Helapattai, Hime-takala, Ho-takala, and Tokau. There is speculation that Bodega Bay may have been Sir Francis Drake's Nova Albion landing location on the California coast.
Present day Bodega Bay was first charted in 1775 by the Spanish Peruvian explorer of the Spanish Navy Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra, but the bay that was originally named for him was not present day Bodega, but Tomales Bay. His ship, the Sonora, anchored in the lee of Tomales Point on October 3, 1775, departing the next day. Bodega y Quadra named Tomales Bay Puerto de la Bodega. "There is no evidence in the journal or on the charts that Bodega y Quadra ever saw the entrance to [present day] Bodega Harbour or knew of the lagoon to the north". Bodega y Quadra planned to return, but was not able to. Later, as commandant of the naval base at San Blas, New Spain, Bodega y Quadra sent other expeditions to Bodega Bay with the intention of establishing a colony and mission there. It was decided, however, that the location was non-ideal. "With the failure of the Bodega settlement, the Spanish left the field clear for Russian occupation" The first Russians to see Bodega Bay were the supervisors of the Aleut hunting parties aboard the American otter hunting ship Peacock in 1807. Timofei Osipovich Tarakanov of the Russian-American Company returned to Novo Arkhangelsk, Alaska and reported the location to Alexander Andreyevich Baranov the chief administrator of the RAC. Baranov instructed his assistant Kuskov to reconnoiter the area for a settlement. Commerce Counselor Ivan Alexandrovich Kuskov, of the Russian-American Company,sailing in the Kodiak, entered Bodega Bay on January 8, 1809. Instructed by Baranov to leave "secret signs" (possession plates), Kuskov buried possession plaques at Trinidad Harbour, Bodega Head,(or Tomales Point) and on the north shore of San Francisco Bay, indicating the Company's intention to claim this section of northern California for Russia. Temporary buildings were erected to house the Kodiak's complement of 190 crew (130 native Alaskan males, 20 native females,and 40 Russians)
The Kodiak remained in Bodega Bay until October, 1809, returning to Alaska with over 2,000 otter pelts. Kuskov returned to Novo Arkhangelsk, Alaska, reporting abundant fur bearing mammals, fish, timber and tillable lands. Baranov instructed Kuskov to return and establish a permanent settlement in the area. In 1811 Kuskov returned, this time aboard the Chirikov but found fewer otter in Bodega Bay (only 1,160 otter skins were taken). Three American ships were also operating in the area from a base in Drake's Bay, sending hunters into San Francisco Bay and the surrounding bays. Kuskov sailed the Brig Chirikov back to present day Bodega Harbour on March 15,1812, and "Since Bodega Anchorage and Bodega Harbour had not been claimed or named by the Spanish" Kuskov named it Rumyantzev, in honor of the Russian Minister of Commerce, Count Nikolai Petrovich Rumiantzof.
Zaliv Rumiantsev (Rumiantsev Bay) appears on the earliest Russian charts of Bodega Bay (1817–1819) identifying present day Bodega Bay and Bodega Harbour. Bodega Head was named Mouis Rumiantsev (Point Rumiantsev) While Tomales Point was named Point Great Bodega and Tomales Bay Great Bodega Bay, more or less conforming to Bodega y Quadra's original naming.
On his return Kuskov found otter now scarce in Bodega Bay, the harbour having been frequented by numerous American and English otter-hunting expeditions. After exploring the area they ended up selecting a place 15 mi (24 km) north that the native Kashaya Pomo people called Mad shui nui or Metini. Metini, the seasonal home of the native Kashaya Pomo people, had a modest anchorage and abundant natural resources and would become the Russian settlement of Fort Ross. By 1817 sea otter in the area were practically eliminated by international over-hunting. Zaliv Rumiantsev continued to be the main entre'port for the Russian Colony until January,1842, and the earliest European structures built at Bodega Bay were the wharf, warehouse and barracks of the Russian-American Company. Bodega Bay remained an active harbor for shipping lumber until the 1870s, when the North Pacific Coast Railroad was built, bypassing the coast in favor of a more inland route.
Bodega Bay was the setting for the 1963 Alfred Hitchcock film, The Birds, starring Rod Taylor, Tippi Hedren and Suzanne Pleshette. The original 1980 horror film The Fog was also filmed in both Bodega Bay and the town as both locations are subject to thick and heavy fog.
Pacific Gas & Electric planned to build the first commercially viable nuclear power plant in the USA at Bodega Bay. The proposal was controversial and conflict with local citizens began in 1958. In 1963 there was a large demonstration at the site of the proposed Bodega Bay Nuclear Power Plant. The conflict ended in 1964, with the forced abandonment of plans for the power plant.
Marine protected areas near Bodega Bay
Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.
- Russian River State Marine Reserve and Russian River State Marine Conservation Area
- Bodega Head State Marine Reserve & Bodega Head State Marine Conservation Area
- Estero Americano State Marine Recreational Management Area
- Estero de San Antonio State Marine Recreational Management Area
See also
- "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2010-07-09.
- "Bodega Bay and Harbor". Office of Historical Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
- State of California Water Quality Control Plan North Coastal Basin 1B July 1975 p.13
- "Sonoma County Regional Parks".
- "Access Genealogy: Miwok Indian Tribe".
- "Drake Latitudes on the Coast of California in 1579". Retrieved 2009-08-21.
- Clinton R. Edwards, Pacific Historical Review, 1964 vol.33: Wandering Toponyms:Puerto de la Bodega and Bodega Bay
- Adele Ogden, The California sea otter trade, _PHONE_, pg.58
- Hubert Howe Bancroft, Alfred Bates, Ivan Petroff, William Nemos (1887). History of Alaska: _PHONE_. San Francisco, California: A. L. Bancroft & company. p. 482. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2010.
- Thompson, R. A. (1896). The Russian Settlement in California Known as Fort Ross, Founded 1812...Abandoned 1841: Why They Came and Why They Left. Santa Rosa, California: Sonoma Democrat Publishing Company. p. 3. ISBN 0-559-89342-6. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2010.
- Suzanne Stewart and Adrian Praetzellis (November, 2003). Archeological Research Issues for the Point Reyes National Seashore - Golden Gate National Recreation Area (Report). Anthropological Studies Center, Sonoma State University. p. 335. _URL_


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Whether you are setting up a sibling group for the first time or have been running groups for many years, this section will give you guidelines and activities to help you run your group
To identify and reinforce things that group members have in common. These may be general likes and dislikes, or sibling issues.
It can be especially effective if used as the first and last formal games of the group.
You will need
- A ball of wool
- A pair of scissors
How to do it
The first person holds the end of the wool in one hand and the ball itself in the other. They say something about themselves. All those who feel it applies to them put their hand up. The ball of wool is thrown to one of them (the first person keeps hold of the end) who then says something else. Repeat, with each person holding onto the wool and throwing the rest of the ball on, until everyone has had the wool thrown to them several times – the wool should now form a "spider's web" linking everyone in the group.
A leader can suggest ideas to keep it moving.
If used at the first session, each person could be asked to say their own name as they catch the ball of wool, or the name of the person they throw it to.
If used at the end of the final session, the strands of the web can then be cut to signal the end of the group.


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The demand for food in the UK
The changing demand for food in the UK
Seasonal food refers to the times of the year when the harvest or the flavour of a given type of food is at its peak. This is usually the time when the item is harvested. Before supermarkets, most food eaten in the UK was sourced in the UK and seasonal. Fruit and vegetables were available according to the season. For example, during the summer months, lettuce and strawberries were widely available, whereas, during the winter, parsnips and cabbage were sold. Food was also preserved by being bottled, frozen and pickled.
Today, we are used to enjoying seasonal fruit and vegetables throughout the year. However, because some food cannot be grown throughout the year in the UK, it has to be imported from other countries, along with food that is not native to the UK, such as avocado and mango. Therefore, there has been an increase in food being imported into the UK.
Even seasonal fruits and vegetables are imported from other countries. It can be cheaper for food to be grown in low-income countries and transported to the UK, despite the increased food miles. Forty-five per cent of the UK's food was imported in 2019.
Demand for non-seasonal products has brought challenges and benefits for low-income countries (LICs) such as Kenya and the Caribbean.
The main benefits are:
The challenges associated with the growth in demand for out-of-season fruit and vegetables include:
There has been an increasing demand for organic food in the UK. Organic food is produced without chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides. Organic produce includes meat, fruit and vegetables.
Organic farmers operate without chemical pesticides by using natural predators to consume pests such as ladybirds eating blackflies. Crops are rotated to maintain nutrients. Also, natural fertilisers are used. To combat weeds, mechanical weeders are used instead of chemicals. Animals are reared without drugs, such as hormones, to promote growth.
Organic food has grown in popularity since the 1990s for several reasons. These include:
Demand for organic food declined between 2009-11 due to the global recession leading to households having reduced incomes. Organic food is more expensive because yields (crops) are lower than farms that use chemicals. However, people are prepared to pay the extra as they believe organic produce tastes better. Supermarkets now sell 75% of organic food in the UK. The remaining 25% is sold at farmers' markets and vegetable box schemes (where organic vegetables are delivered to the customer's door). The most popular organic products are dairy products, including milk, cheese and yoghurt.
Carbon footprints, 'food miles' and moves towards local sourcing of food
Use the images below to explore related GeoTopics.


our animality" beyond the usual paradigms may be a start to leave the space more open for people who are different.
I want to make it clear that don't believe the term "shift" and the concept behind it is a bad thing, in itself. I think it can be very useful to some individuals to describe a certain type of experiences. But to put it simply, I wish for people to talk about the expression of our animality in more diverse ways, just like discussions about gender identity don't only focus on whether or not we are genderfluid or place ourselves on one end of another of some gender spectrum. "Shifting" takes such a central place in therian discussions… Let's question more the things that are considered "normal" in the community, to really think about it, and about the things we forget to discuss or that don't have enough space left to be discussed.
*A side note: I feel that looking at therianthropy from a gender theory perspective does help to try looking at things differently, but it's also a tough issue because is it developping our own language to talk about animality? We may just be mirroring the language of gender studies and trans* people. Being trans myself, this isn't automatically an issue, however some other animal-people may be accused of being appropriative, and, well, maybe there are other ways to frame therianthropy that we need to discover and explore. Hopefully this essay can be one more step to start talking and thinking about that.


1 finding aid(s) found containing the word(s) Böttger, Wilhelm, 1871- --Correspondence.
 1. Edward Williams Morley papers, _PHONE_
 1,200 items. 3 containers. 1.2 linear feet. -- Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
 Chemist and physician. Correspondence, certificates, and printed matter, including letters from Myron A. Munson, Morley's college roommate and lifelong friend, written while Munson was serving in the Union Army in 1864, and extensive correspondence with prominent European and American scientists.


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Habitat fragmentation may adversely affect animal populations through several mechanisms. However, little is known about how the impacts of some of these mechanisms are manifested in altered dynamics of wild populations.
We used a spatially explicit individual-based simulation model to examine the potential effects of disrupted dispersal due to fragmentation on the population dynamics of the endangered, co-operatively breeding, red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis.
We simulated population dynamics as a function of population size and spatial aggregation of territories. Dispersal success (but not mortality or fecundity) was an emergent property of model runs. In the model all female and some male fledglings dispersed in straight lines in random directions, and the remaining males stayed on their natal territories as helpers and competed for breeding vacancies in their immediate neighbourhood.
Population trend was tied to the higher dispersal success of both males and females in larger and less fragmented populations. Helpers were more successful than dispersing males. Male breeder recruitment depended entirely on helpers when populations were small (25 or 100 territories).
Declining populations were characterized by high emigration rates and both failure and delay in female recruitment. The large numbers of unpaired males resulted in lowered reproductive output at the population level and in the loss of territories. Populations of 25 territories were stable when territories were highly aggregated, despite high emigration rates. These results closely match empirical observations.
A number of co-operatively breeding species are endangered. The unusual dispersal behaviour of helpers may make such species sensitive to habitat fragmentation but also resilient to reductions in population size when territories are aggregated. Small populations of co-operative breeders may have considerable conservation value as a source of genetic diversity.


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The BBC and Master Computer Public Domain Library
BASIC IV ROM Routines
Page Last Altered:
8FAE Execute next command line / program statement
Submitted by Steve Fewell
This routine has many entry points (depending on how the last statement finished and what needs to be done to tidy up
before the next statement can be executed. The entry points are listed between square brackets ().
Therefore, this routine may not necessarily be executed in the order described.
[&8FAE] Skip the rest of the line. This routine is called when a DATA keyword is found (as DATA statements are skipped
when reached and not executed (as the READ command controls how they are handled). It is also called when the DEF keyword
is found (as function and procedure definitions are not directly executed until they are called by an FN or PROC keyword).
This routine is also called when a REM keyword is found, to skip the rest of the line - as it is a comment line.
Additionally, this routine is also executed when a '*' command is found (the '*' command is first passed to the Operating
System OSCLI routine and then this routine skips the line - so that BASIC doesn't try to execute the '*' command.
The rest of the line is skipped as follows:
* Set A to #&0D (the end of line character - '').
* Set Y to the BASIC Text Pointer A offset (&0A) - 1.
* Keep incrementing Y and checking the character at BASIC Text pointer A (&0B-&0C) plus Y (offset) with the
character in A (the '' character) until the characters match.
* Call routine &9BBC to update the BASIC Text Pointer A address (to include the Y offset value) and to reset the offset
(&0A) to 1. (basically, this adds Y to the Text Pointer A address (&0B-&0C)).
[&8FBD] This routine checks whether the last character read (in A) is '', if it isn't then jump to &8FAE
to skip the rest of the line.
Now, we are at the end of the line (i.e. we have reached the '' character).
[&8FC1] If the BASIC Text pointer MSB address is #&07 then there are no more program lines to execute (as we were
executing a statement from the command line - and not from within a program), so jump to &8F86 to prompt for the next
command line input.
Set Y to #&01.
Load the next character (offset Y) from the BASIC text pointer A location.
If the character is negative (i.e. #&FF) then we have reached the end of the program, so jump to &8F86 to prompt
for the next command line input.
[&8FDB] Set the BASIC Text pointer A offset (location &0A) to #&04 (i.e. the first character of the program
If the TRACE flag (location &20) is on (i.e. it's value is not zero), then:
- * Set IWA to the Line number (MSB byte (&2B) = the first byte at BASIC Text pointer A (offset 1) and the LSB byte (&2A)
- = the second byte at BASIC text pointer A location (offset 2)).
- * Call routine &9C4B to display the TRACE line number (in the IWA) on the screen.
line - after the line number and line length).
Jump to &900D to execute the statement at the BASIC Text pointer A location.
[&8FEB] Check for special start statement characters '*', '=', 'EXT keyword' and '['
Set Y to the BASIC Text pointer A offset (location &0A) minus 1.
Load the character at the BASIC text pointer A location (plus offset - Y) (this should be the first character of the
If the character is '*' then jump to &8FA4 to execute the '*'-command.
If the character is '[' then set the OPT flag (location &28) to 3 (default setting) and jump to &8920 to begin
If the character is '=' then jump to &9060 to deal with returning from a function and setting the return variable's
If the character is 'EXT keyword' then jump to &BE93 to execute the 'EXT =' statement. Note: In BASIC 2, it was not
possible to assign a file length (EXT) value, only to read the EXT value; therefore, only 1 BASIC token exists for the 'EXT'
keyword (unlike PTR, PAGE, LOMEM and HIMEM which have 2 keyword tokens, one for the setting of the value (where the keyword
occurs before the '='), and one for the reading of the value (where the keyword occurs after the '=')).
When BASIC version 4 was written, there was not enough spare BASIC Keyword token values to have two 'EXT' keywords
(one for 'EXT =' and the other for '= EXT'), so this workaround directly tests for the 'EXT' keyword appearing at the
start of a statement (along with the other special start statement characters '*', '[' and '=') in order to distinguish between
the reading of the EXT value and the writing of the EXT value. The EXT address in the keyword execution address table points to
the EXT read (=EXT) routine - this is used when the EXT keyword is not at the start of the BASIC program statement.
[&9000-&9048] Execute the BASIC statement
[&9000] Decrement the BASIC Text pointer A offset (location &0A).
[&9002] Call routine &9BA6 to check for the end of statement ('Syntax error' if ':', '


text:
The staff in Te Papa's taonga pūoro group are very lucky to have Richard Nunns as our mentor. Through his teaching and encouragement we continue to explore the kaupapa of taonga pūoro.
Richard is an incredibly busy man, travelling throughout New Zealand and often overseas, involved in many different projects. If he has a spare hour and he's in Wellington he comes to work with our group. Recently he came to talk to us about the pūtātara and show us how it's played.
The pūtātara is a trumpet made from a conch, or triton, shell. It's loud, signal call is heard more often these days, and is used to mark special occasions such as opening ceremonies.
Conch shell trumpets are common musical instruments throughout the Pacific, such as this one from the Marquesas, in Te Papa's collection. In Aotearoa New Zealand these shell trumpets have a wooden mouthpiece attached to the shell.
The large conch shell species (Charonia tritonis) is not found naturally in New Zealand. A smaller, native shell (Charonia lampas) was used. It's only in more recent times that large Pacific conches have been brought into New Zealand and used to make pūtātara.
Learning to play the pūtātara well takes a lot of practice. It's probably useful to have understanding neighbours! I found out that you need strong lips. After trying to sound a pūtātara for a while you get a strange buzzing feeling in your lips from all the vibrations. You also have to go away and work on your "embouchure" (a term trumpet and saxophone players will know) – which means how you form your mouth around the mouthpiece.
As you start off playing the pūtātara it helps to give the sound a good punch, then try to sustain the note, and fade off slowly. As you get better at it you can shape the sound and make it more melodic, by using your hand placed inside the mouth of the shell. Each pūtātara is different and has its own, individual voice.
Under Richard's guidance the sound of pūtātara will continue to increase and grow at Te Papa – and for that we are truly grateful.


Article thumbnail
From Brain to Behavior: Hypertension's Modulation of Cognition and Affect
By J. Richard Jennings and Alicia F. Heim
Accumulating evidence from animal models and human studies of essential hypertension suggest that brain regulation of the vasculature is impacted by the disease. Human neuroimaging findings suggest that the brain may be an early target of the disease. This observation reinforces earlier research suggesting that psychological factors may be one of the many contributory factors to the initiation of the disease. Alternatively or in addition, initial blood pressure increases may impact cognitive and/or affective function. Evidence for an impact of blood pressure on the perception and experience of affect is reviewed vis-a-vis brain imaging findings suggesting that such involvement in hypertensive individuals is likely
Topics: Review Article
Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
OAI identifier:
Provided by: PubMed Central
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text:
Way cool, I just found my BA paper online! The Myth and the Mundane: Reflections on Women in Society. Finding it has inspired me to inaugurate Mythic Monday as a regular feature. The paper lives on the Kepler College Website along with lots of other good reads. I have continued work on this paper since graduation but I enjoyed rereading it in its original form. It now has a table of contents, better organization and even more pages. But I hope this original form is interesting both for its own merits and for its references. This is from the Introduction:
Greco-Roman and Indian mythology and epic poetry give us many examples of goddesses and women. This paper will explore the relationship between myth and culture in the epic poetry of Greece, India and Rome in order to answer these questions:
- Is there a relationship between the attributes and behavior of Goddesses and the societal expectations of women?
- What do these stories show us about women's roles in these cultures?
- Do the female characters in literature support or contradict these societal expectations or roles?
- Do we have access to examples of real women who both fulfill and contradict those roles?
- How do these roles compare to what is known of real women in society?
- Can we (from the evidence) speculate upon the involvement of women in defining their own roles in the culture?
A search of titles and articles shows that there has been much work done to analyze these mythologies in light of the rituals they contain, or in light of the hero's quest undertaken by the men in the Epics. However, little work has been done with the women in these narratives other than to use the mores of the culture to explain their behavior, or to discuss them as literary devices. I would like to analyze them as women. To determine in what ways are they alike or unlike each other, how they compare to documented women of their cultures, and in what ways they are constructs of the men writing the Epics? The study of mythology and literature can be a useful means of determining the paradigms of a culture. This paper will examine examples of Goddesses and women from Greco-Roman and Indian mythology and epic poetry to determine what these stories show us about women's roles in these cultures and how these characters compare to what is known of real women in each society.


Baghdad Sci.J volume 14, issue 2, P270-_PHONE_ DOI: 10.21123/bsj.14.2.270-278 View full text
Baghdad Science Journal
Abstract: The experiment was carried out to study the effect of variety and gibberellic acid in concentration (0 and 50) and BL in five concentration (0, 0.50,1,2 and 3)mg.ltr-1 and their interaction in some chemical Characteristics and total chlorophyll for Dill plant. the experiment designed according Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and three replicates per treatment, compared to the average using less significant difference at the level of probability (0.05), the results showed the following:- The…
expand abstract


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Family Tree DNA - Armenian DNA Project
Open to all Armenians. The Armenian DNA Project is an important resource for Armenians researching their family history as well as their deep ancestry through genetic testing. DNA testing can be a valuable tool for people with different surnames in determining whether they are genetic cousins, particularly considering the destruction of many Armenian genealogical records and the fact Armenian surnames were often based on the father's first name, his city of birth, his occupation, or a distinctive human characteristic. By reaching thousands of years into the past, this project also aims to find genetic traces of both the ancient peoples whose descendants make up the current Armenian population (Armens, Colchians, Hattians, Hayasa, Hayk, Hittites, Hurrians, Kaskians, Luwians, Mitanni, Mushkis, Pala, Phrygians, Urartians, etc.) and the ancient invaders who conquered or passed through the Armenian lands (Assyrians, Gamrik-Gimirri-Cimmerians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Scythians, Macedonians, Medes, Persians, etc.) This project is open to individuals with direct paternal ancestors (Y-DNA) or direct maternal ancestors (mtDNA) of Armenian ancestry.


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|Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute||Home|
The unit is initiated with a discussion of how chemistry is an important part of all our lives. Initial connections are made by having students discuss what their morning was like and how chemistry played an important role. Before considering the intended food subject area, we first activate prior knowledge of molecules and how they move dependent upon the state of matter (class activity: Movin' Molecules). Second, students will explore the concept of density using a Twinkie. An introduction to chemical and physical properties follows with the concluding portion of the lesson illustrating how mixing/melting ingredients are examples of physical changes while baking those mixed ingredients culminates a chemical change. Lastly, students will see the fermentation process of yeast feeding upon sugar water producing carbon dioxide and alcohol as waste products.
(Recommended for Science, grades 6-8)


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, they are in some sense independent. But if I take two, samples, let's say the Wall Street Journal from the 80s and the Wall Street Journal from the 90s it makes sense that there is some dependency with the tolerance between them, but I don't know how to model it. So the Fisher method assumes that there is no dependency between the datasets and these quiet straightforwardly helps, for example, for multiple languages. And the Bonferroni method
Sorry. Do you think that's true even for say, I don't know Spanish and French or languages that are really close.
Exactly. This is, it's a very good question. It's a very good question and this is exactly why I said that. And we run very explicitly in different parts of the paper that we expect the community, you know, maybe it will be us, I don't know. But we expect the community to take the next step and we think that, you know, these are good methods as long as we make this assumption that there is either a dependency or not. And then you know, you can use the Fisher method when use independence Bonferroni when you use some dependence. Fine. But yeah,
So you probably don't want to go too much into the math. The Fisher method involves like a formula has some Chi squared stuff. The Bonferroni method seemed a little more easy to explain intuitively. Do you want to give a stab at giving? So like the Bonferroni correction that some people may have read in previous papers, just dividing by the total number of experiments. And this method that you proposed in your paper is similar. Do you want to give an intuitive explanation for that?
I think that I would agree with you when it comes to the holm procedure. I mean, in the paper we actually address two different problems, right? One is counting the number of hypothesis and the other is identifying the specific datasets, where the null hypothesis should be rejected. Right? So the holm procedure is the procedure that we propose to use in NLP for the identification question. Right. So it's true that, you know, when you look on the simple algorithm that we give for the computation of the one procedure, it looks very similar to the Bonferroni correction. Even though you can see that you definitely don't need to divide by N, which makes the test much more powerful. In these models. When you go to the counting question, you can see that you can actually be much more liberal and let your methods count it much or maybe count many more cases when actually you have an effect. And this is, I think it's a very big difference from,the Bonferroni correction.
Okay. Yeah. Do you want to then explain what these two questions are? Like what exactly do you mean by this count question and the identification question. I don't think we've covered that yet.
Of course. So actually there is something here that is maybe a little bit counter-intuitive. When you do your hundred comparisons you can ask two questions. One is very general, I did a hundred comparisons and I want to know how many cases is algorithm one doing better than algorithm two? This is a very straightforward, but then comes the question of I want to identify those, for example, languages, right. So I mean, if we go back to your previous question about French and Spanish there is a difference between a case, where I say algorithm one is better than algorithm two from French and Spanish and maybe English and Italian, you know, and different Roman languages or if it's for English and Chinese, right? If it's English and Chinese and not from Spanish, maybe I'll, you know, I'd be a little bit confused why it was like that? So of course the identification question gives more information, right?
On the one hand it may sound a little bit counter intuitive that you get different answers to this question, but when you consider the fact that you get more information from the identification portion, it makes maybe more sense that if you count those numbers, those languages, in our example, if you count those languages that you identified very often the number that you'll get will be lower than the number that you get in the answer for the counting question because the answer to the counting questions tells you that there are 50 languages where the effect orders but the identification question, tells you exactly for which languages the effect counts and it's a different thing.
I see. So let me try to give an intuitive explanation for this holm procedure for the identification question because I think there's a really nice intuitive explanation and you can tell me if I got this right. So you order the P value. Say you did a hundred experiments, you order the P values that you got from smallest to biggest, and you evaluate the lowest P value by dividing alpha by N, which is essentially the same thing as the Bonferroni correction. And you evaluate the highest P value just on your original alpha and you have a straight you just decreased the denominator as you go from the smallest to the biggest, it's not as strict as the Bonferroni correction, but it's actually statistically valid and it's more powerful because you're not dividing everything by N does this fair?
Yeah. It's a fair explanation. There's one thing that I think is important to consider here, that the holm procedure, it's only relevant for the cases where you know that there are dependencies between the datasets. I mean you can use it when you consider that set to be independent but then you lose power of the methods. So what happens is that, let's say that for the [inaudible] we say that the datasets are independent. Of course it's not 100% true, right? But if you have this case, you will get different answers for the accounting question because the answer to this question is based on the Fisher method and a different answer to the identification question., I mean if you count those languages that you're identifying, you will get a different answer while if you assume that there are dependencies, the holm procedure and the Bonferroni method for, I mean the Bonferroni for counting and the holm for identification, will give you the same answer. So I mean there are, you know, there are, there are some issues here, right? I mean there is, it's integrated, but, and this is maybe one of the reasons that we do call for, you know, for maybe a simpler method, maybe a more complicated method that we consider the dependencies, but we consider this to be a first necessary step towards the solution of these problems.
Okay. So how what can we draw as conclusions from the results that from the experiments that you provided in that paper comparing the different methods?
Okay. So in the paper we tried to experiment with a relatively large number of applications we had only 10 pages, right. But we had four different applications and these applications had different evaluation measures. That was also something that was important for us, right. I mean, we had accuracy, we had F score, we had correlations, different evaluation measures, different statistical significance tests. But in all cases we're trying to be, you know, multi domain, multi-lingual, the cases where you would expect multiplicity in NLP. And I think that we had two main conclusions. One was that when you expect or when you assume independence between the datasets, for example in multilingual cases, If you just count as P values below the alpha number you will be too optimistic. So in those cases we should be more strict.
On the other end. And that was maybe a bit surprising for us in those cases when there are probably dependencies, so does this very simple erroneous counting of this cases where the P value was below alpha. We're actually too strict. So you know, when we came to this research we assumed that the phenomenon we are going to see is that in many cases people get to optimistic evaluations. But actually that was not what we saw in some cases. In those cases when you assume that the datasets are independent, yeah they were too optimistic, but when you would assume that the datasets are dependent, the conclusions were actually too strict and you could, you could come up with more cases where the F points. So it goes both ways.
That's interesting. This makes me a little bit nervous because how do I know if my datasets are independent or not? Because like with, with the Bonferroni method versus with the Fisher method I'm looking at the multi-lingual part of speech tagging result where just counting the alpha values, gives you 11 datasets, languages where one method outperforms the other. But with the Bonferroni method, you get six. And with a Fisher method you get 16. So if I assume they are dependent, I lose power. But if I assume they are independent, I gain power. So how do I know which assumption is correct?
Yeah, yeah. This is, you know, I'm not trying to not try to convince you that it's simple, but it's a good question. But you know, it's part of the dealing statistics, right? I mean, we have to do these assumptions. It's true when we apply statistical significance. You know, maybe it's not I that part of the answer to your question will come from the standard practice. I mean, if the community adopt these methods, which of course I encourage everyone to do, people we get those cases that under, you know, one assumption you get 6 under another assumption you get 16 and the question is how, I mean, we'll have to, you know, this is also some kind of


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What is it? The DQ Tubric 2.0 helps you practice writing Driving Questions by framing initial words, person or entity, action or challenge, and audience/purpose.
Why do we like it? The Tubric is a fun, hands-on way to practice the often-challenging task of writing a Driving Question for a project.
How can you use it? Use the Tubric in professional development or collaborative planning time to help you and your colleagues design effective projects.


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Mulch has sometimes been known to smoke and heat up, and in some cases, it can even ignite spontaneously. The main issue is that some types of mulch are highly flammable, and the fire they produce can extend to nearby buildings and forests, which can lead to an extensive fire that would threaten human and animal life alike.
Of course, mulch doesn't usually produce fire on its own. Typically, smoking materials such as cigarette buts can make their way to the mulch, and cause it to smoke or even ignite. Also, if the mulch is pushed deeper into the ground, the heat and pressure can build up, leading to it producing an open flame.
To prevent mulch from bursting into an open flame in a dry area, you can take a few precautions:
- Dispose of all your smoking materials responsibly, and avoid smoking in the area where your mulch is located.
- Regularly water your garden to make sure that the mulch is constantly moist – even when there's a drought or the weather is uncommonly warm and dry.
- Use less flammable mulch, such as pine bark nuggets or shredded hardwood.
- Add a rock bed barrier between your garden and any nearby buildings, including your home.
For any questions you have contact _URL_


Listed properties and EPC assessments
John Conlin / 21 February 2017
Chartered surveyor John Conlin explains why listed buildings don't have EPC assessments.
We are house hunting at the moment and ideally would like a period property but are concerned about running costs.
I have noticed that listed properties do not appear to have EPC assessments whilst unlisted properties of similar age do.
Why is this?
John Conlin: Buying a listed house - how liable am I?
There are two reasons.
Firstly, the assessment calculation uses fixed heat loss values for various standard forms of construction (eg cavity brickwork, solid brickwork, rendering etc) which would not be accurate for the mix of older construction and materials.
Secondly, the primary aim of an EPC is to suggest ways of improving energy conservation most of which involve changes that would not be acceptable (eg double glazing) for a listed building.


Alternate History
French Socialism (French Trafalgar, British Waterloo)
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French Socialism, also known as the Imperial Welfare Plan, and the Imperial Welfare Scheme by detractors, is a more moderate form of the Socialism expounded by Karl Marx, in which the state has the duty to look after every citizen, no matter their financial or medical problems or needs, but had limited to no place in the business sector.
The program itself was mostly created after the Second Great European War, and wasn't officialy codified until 1882, but roots for it stretch back to Emperor Napoleon I, when he disbanded his armies, and provided resources and education in order to help the soldiers returning home find work, and help create a stable economy, in contrast to the British, who had no plan to ensure the men released from the army and navy could find jobs, and so the nation was plunged into economic chaos.
The program created old age pensions, reduced healthcare costs and the public school system that would educate those who could not afford to attend the schools for the rich. However, many conservatives called this the "First step to Marx," and tried to actively oppose it, but due to the efforts of Premier Alfred Dreyfus, and with support from Emperor Louis, the myriad of laws and bills were passed through the Imperial Assembly in between 1882 and 1891. The system would later be expanded to include a minimum wage in 1908 and free Healthcare in 1919.
As the rise of the Sorelist ideology began to gain hold in France, the particular brand of Socialism that France became known for slowly fell by the wayside, though the majority of the improvements brought along by French Socialism remained, and was even expanded by Sorelist governments in the 1930's, and further after the Third Global War.
In other nations, such as the United States of America and Russia, the particular brand of left wing politics that could also be termed "French Socialism" was known as "New Democracy" in America (and a major standpoint of the Socialist Party from the later 1800's up to the present. A similar idea in Russia, with its basis in the Liberal movement in the 1830's, was also a driving force throughout the last years of the Russian Empire and the start of the Republic.
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While looking for the source of an obscure responsive reading, I came across this little service book: Mission hymnal of the Unitarian Laymen's League. Despite it being undated, and Internet Archive dating it to 1900, it is in fact later. Unless the Unitarian Laymen's League had the powers of time travel, as it includes a hymn dated August 9, 1929. (It predates Hymns of the Spirit, 1937, for closer dating.)
Its tone is serene yet vital: a religion of rest of dyspeptic captains of industry, I wouldn't half guess. Its purpose: to help establish Unitarian preaching stations, and more spiritually developed men. Yet, at first glance doesn't seem to suffer the excesses of "muscular Christianity" from the generation before.
Two interesting points:
- It has a hymn by a Universalist. "We praise thee, God, for harvests earned" by John Coleman Adams. (A God-free version exists in Singing the Living Tradition as "Our praise we give for harvests earned," #294.)
- The directions for prayer have a certain Unitarian resonance:
You say, however, "I do not believe in prayer." Even so, this does not obviate the necessity of daily spiritual exercise. Retire every day into the silence of your own thoughts, there commune with the highest you can possibly conceive.


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The island of Hashima, off the coast of Nagasaki, Kyushu, is enjoying another moment in the spotlight due to its appearance and use as the model for villain's lair in Skyfall, 007, the 50th anniversary feature of the famous movie franchise.
Also known as Gunkanjima (Battleship Island) because of the island's distinctive profile, Hashima has always held a place in Japanese history. In the late 19th century, the island was purchased for a major coal mining industry. It soon had the highest population density due to the huge influx of people working in mines and related areas. Hashima is also known for its unique concrete architecture, and first rooftop garden in Japan. In the mid-1970s, however, the island became a ghost town, because of the world's energy shift from coal to petroleum. In 2009, the island was reopened for tourism, and now is a must-see on the lists of travelers to Nagasaki.
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High heat flow under Deccan Traps causes uplift of Western India
doi:10.1038/nindia.2009.87 Published online 23 March 2009
The Earth's curst under western India is unusually hot and is in 'a state of continuous uplift', according to geologists of the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) in Hyderabad. They believe this discovery may help explain the occurrence of devastating earthquakes in the peninsular India witnessed in recent years.
Major earthquakes in the Indian subcontinent are the result of stresses built up due to the collision of the Indian plate with the Asian plate that gave rise to the Himalayas. These earthquakes had taken place along the plate boundary. The peninsular shield is supposed to be relatively seismically quiet. However it has witnessed several damaging earthquakes in Koyna (1967), Latur-Killari (1993), Jabalpur (1997) and Bhuj (2001). Despite a large number of investigations, the cause of their occurrence is unclear. Some scientists believe that Koyna earthquakes are induced by a nearby reservoir while others believe them to be of tectonic origin.
Now a detailed study including the characterization of the rocks sandwiched between the 'Deccan Traps' and the earth's crust in Latur and Koyna regions has shed new light on the origin of 'intraplate' earthquakes, the NGRI scientists report1.
The Deccan Traps refer to the pile of volcanic rocks, 1 to 2 kilometres thick, that covered nearly half a million square kilometre area of central and western India following one of the largest eruptions on Earth 65 million years ago. What underlies this volcanic rock cover had remained an enigma and the NGRI team set out to crack it in the hope of looking for clues for earthquakes in the peninsular India.
"It has been assumed all these years that these volcanics are resting over granitic-gneissic crust but our study has overthrown this notion," Gopalakrishnarao Parthasarathy of NGRI, one of the authors of the paper told Nature India. Granitic gneiss (pronounced 'nise') is an igneous rock and is formed from water-rich magma. But the NGRI findings indicate that the basement rock is not granitic but 'granulite' (a deeper rock) with very low water content and rich in carbondioxide (CO2) containing as much as two grams of CO2 for every 100 grams of the mineral grains. Granulites are formed at temperatures around 700°C and pressure range 6-12 kilobars corresponding to a depth of 30km in the earth's inetrior.
The NGRI study was an attempt to examine and compare the prevailing geologic and tectonic structure of Latur and Koyna regions by analyzing active and passive seismic, gravity, heat flow and magneto-telluric (MT) data. (MT is an electromagnetic method used to map the spatial variation of the Earth's resistivity by measuring naturally occurring electric and magnetic fields at the Earth's surface).
This multi-disciplinary study revealed, for the first time, the presence of high density 'granulite' rocks just below the Deccan volcanic cover, the researchers claim. "This implies that almost entire thickness of the granitic-gneissic upper crust in this part of India has been eroded even before the eruption of Deccan volcanism took place," the authors say. "This inference strengthens our belief that this region may have been in a state of continuous uplift and erosion during pre-Deccan trap eruptive period and the uplift probably continues even now," they say. Such an evolutionary process can alone bring the earth's crust below the Deccan Traps to significantly shallower levels, the scientists report. This has been confirmed by borehole investigations in which a sediment thickness of only 6–8 metres was found between the crystalline basement rock (earth crust) and overlying Deccan volcanics.
What can cause such massive uplifts of the earth's crust? The researchers say their calculations indicate a high input of heat flow (29–36 milli Watts per square meter) from the mantle below both Latur as well as Koyna. "Such high input of heat from the mantle is unheard of," says Om Prakash Pandey, a heat flow expert and first author. "High input of subcrustal heat signifies that the overlying crustal column is subjected to a much higher temperature than comparable terrains elsewhere."
According the researchers, stresses caused due to ongoing uplift and high input of heat flow from the mantle is continuously accumulating in this part of the Earth's crust beneath the Deccan Traps within which earthquakes tend to nucleate. "Such localised stresses act over and above those generated by collision of Indian sub-continent with Eurasia, and thus "have added an entirely new dimension to our understanding of the occurrence of intraplate earthquakes within a stable continental region."
- Pandey, O. P. et al. Upwarped high velocity mafic crust, Subsurface Tectonics and causes of intra plate Latur-Killari (M 6.2) and Koyna (M 6.3) earthquakes, India – A comparative study, J. Asian Earth Sci. 34, 781-795 (2009)


Legal Tender 2020-06-04 08:00:00
Legal Tender
Legal tender is the national currency of a nation. It prohibits the use of any other currency. Legal tender must be accepted by creditors as payment for debt. Only government institutions such as the U.S. Treasury in the United States and the Royal Canadian Mint in Canada can issue legal tender. Specifically, in the United States, Federal Reserve notes and coins are legal tender and marked as such. Some currencies, such as the U.S. Dollar and Euro, can be used as legal tender in other countries.
Manage risk and help maximize opportunity
What is Investment Property Wealth Management?
Download the eBook


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Special Discounts for Pupils, Newly Called & Students
Browse Secondhand Online
Once the order is confirmed an automated e-mail will be sent to you to allow you to download the eBook.
All eBooks are supplied firm sale and cannot be returned. If you believe there is a fault with your eBook then contact us on _EMAIL_ and we will help in resolving the issue. This does not affect your statutory rights.
From the first appearance of the term in law in the Clean Water Act of 1972 (US), ecological integrity has been debated by a wide range of researchers, including biologists, ecologists, philosophers, legal scholars, doctors and epidemiologists, whose joint interest was the study and understanding of ecological/biological integrity from various standpoints and disciplines. This volume discusses the need for ecological integrity as a major guiding principle in a variety of policy areas, to counter the present ecological and economic crises with their multiple effects on human rights.
The book celebrates the 20th anniversary of the Global Ecological Integrity Group and reassesses the basic concept of ecological integrity in order to show how a future beyond catastrophe and disaster is in fact possible, but only if civil society and ultimately legal regimes acknowledge the necessity to consider ecointegrity as a primary factor in decision-making. This is key to the support of basic rights to clean air and water, for halting climate change, and also the basic rights of women and indigenous people. As the authors clearly show, all these rights ultimately depend upon accepting policies that acknowledge the pivotal role of ecological integrity.


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Christopher Columbus Extension Activities
- Grades: 3–5
Make Room for Columbus
No one knows for sure what the Niña, the Pinta, or the Santa Maria looked like. But experts do know that the Santa Maria, Columbus's flagship, was the largest of the three vessels. It was probably about 80 feet long and 23 feet wide, and it carried a crew of 40, including Columbus. (The Niña, Columbus's favorite of the three vessels, held 24 sailors, and the Pinta held the remaining 26 men.) To give kids a sense of the size of the Santa Maria, and of how crowded it would have been, work as a class to measure out a distance 80 feet long and 23 feet wide on your school playground. Mark the area with chalk, tape, or rope, and then ask 40 kids to stand in this space. Remind the class that the deck of the ship was also used to carry food, beverages, the crew's personal belongings, and other supplies. Since there was no room on board ship for beds, the men had to sleep anywhere on deck that they could!
Time to Make a Timer!
How did crewmen aboard the Niña, the Pinta, or the Santa Maria know when it was time to do their chores? They depended on a half-hour sand glass, and the ship's boys who called out the time. "One glass is gone and now the second floweth," the boy on duty would shout. After eight glasses, or four hours, a new boy would come on deck to call out the time. Invite students to make their own sand timers using two plastic soda bottles, salt or sand, masking tape, plastic wrap, and a pin or pen. Have students pour some salt into one of their two bottles, seal the mouth of that bottle by covering it with plastic wrap and attaching the wrap with tape. Then use the pin or pen to puncture a small hole into the plastic wrap. Next, students should firmly tape the mouth of the second bottle over the first one. Students can then turn the bottles over and see how much time it takes for all the salt to run from one bottle into the other. If you like, turn this activity into a "timely" contest by awarding a prize to the child whose sand timer comes closest to measuring exactly 30 seconds or another predetermined amount of time.
What Would You Take On Board?
Personal belongings on Columbus's ships were carried in chests that were about five palms long, three palms wide, and three palms high. (A palm was the measure of length from the thumb to the end of the little finger when the fingers are stretched out.) Have students find or make a box that is approximately this size. Then tell the class to imagine that they are packing as members of Columbus's crew. Ask students to list the items that they would have wanted to take on the voyage. Next, have students estimate whether their belongings would fit in one of these boxes. If not, students will have to cut their lists down even more. Finally, have students share—and compare—their lists with a classmate. What types of items did everyone pack?
Accuracy Not Required
Emphasize to students that many of the measurement tools that Columbus used—from the sand timer and compass to the quadrant and his method of dead reckoning—were imprecise, yet they still helped him to navigate the ocean. Assign a team of students to find out more about each of these tools and/or others. When they're ready, select a spokesperson from each team to explain to the class the tool's purpose, how Columbus used it, and how accurate it tended to be. The group should also be prepared to share the names of tools that are used today to serve the same, or a similar function, and to talk about whether the accuracy of these tools has improved.
AND DID YOU KNOW...
Traditionally, Columbus Day is celebrated on October 12, the day that he and his crew supposedly reached land. But that's the date they reached on the old Julian calendar! If you adjust the date to suit the Gregorian calendar that we use today, Columbus actually landed in the Americas on October 21, 1492.


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SK181N Lasers and Applications 6.0 cr
KTH has developed a net based course in physics for those who want to know more about laser physics and its modern applications within optical communication, laser fusion, laser welding, lasers within environmental science. The course fits with those who have studied basic courses in physics and mathematics.
The development within the modern laser physics and its applications within front line research such as laser fusion, holography, optical communication, laser measurements of the ozone layer at the height of 30km, as well as ultra fast laser pulses with laser shots that are more than 1000 million times faster than modern digital cameras.
We, and our computers, communicate by using laser beams traveling through optical fibers. Modern home electronics often consist of solid state lasers. The development within laser technology is thrilling. You might also feel that it is fun to test your physics skills and investigate how it works to study via the internet together with thousands of other students.Perhaps you have started a technical/natural science education and want to broaden your knowledge within physics.
The course is divided into two parts and you can study them in a flexible way at your own speed. The course is completely net based.
|Weeks||Application code||Application on antagning.se||User account|
|02-13||V13_20043||Application closed||User account|
The course will not be given during summer or autumn 2012


Sage X3 Fashion
Sage X3 Fashion is a solution for fashion distribution. Its structure is represented in the diagram below.
Fashion add ons
The Sage ERP X3 would implement the following functionalities (CPI will provide the essential add ons to the standard Sage ERP X3 solution):
 1. Products;
 2. Prices, costs, margins;
 3. Purchasing (Orders, Receipts, Invoices Control);
 4. Sales;
 5. Stocks Control (Quantities, Values, Movements);
 6. Reports.
Product and business definitions
Product information contains:
 1. Size and color matrix with different size tables and color tables (eventually those used by suppliers);
 2. Size tables equivalences (for instances between S/M/L and 36/38/40 tables);
 3. Supplier data;
 4. Different internal and external codes, including one or more barcodes per item, supplier codes, etc.;
 5. Specific article data (family, sub-family, supplier, brand, line, usage, thematic color, packaging units and method – box or hanged, composition, washing instructions, collection, permanent item, etc.), VAT rates;
 6. Combined products, with special rules (sell only together or isolated, supply only ensemble available, etc.);
 7. Consigned or purchased article, and priority on sell;
 8. Distribution rules (by article or collection);
 9. Guarantee management.
Purchase management
 1. Purchase processes follow a down to top orders sequence, from store demand to economical manufacturing quantities. A confirmation closes the first purchase process (during season planning, several months in advance);
 2. Quality control can be added according to purchase definition;
 3. Label printing methodologies can be a second verification process.
 1. Day closing process in account (sales by stores);
 2. Matrix sales order;
 3. Selling price by mark up or margin;
 4. Voucher discount (optional).
Stock control
 1. Different article groups with and without variants: shoes, caps, dap, clothing, utilities, tools;
 2. Different size tables: EU, US, children, lingerie, belt measures;
 3. EAN Code treatment: generation and definition;
 4. Subcontracting management (optional);
 5. Logistic process: reception, picking, expedition;
 6. Mobile functions (PDAs): receptions, inventory (optional).
 1. Some reports are on matrix format (ex. customer order confirmation) with comments added at document level or product level;
 2. Others reports can be made on demand.
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