text:
PSD researchers co-author new report highlighting how climate change may affect water in Colorado
August 5, 2014
As Colorado's climate continues to warm, those who manage or use water in the state will likely face significant changes in water supply and demand, according to a new report on state climate change released today by the Western Water Assessment and the Colorado Water Conservation Board.
Rising temperatures will tend to reduce the amount of water in many of Colorado's streams and rivers, melt mountain snowpack earlier in the spring, and increase the water needed by thirsty crops and cities, according to the new report, "Climate Change in Colorado: A Synthesis to Support Water Resources Management and Adaptation," which updates and expands upon an initial report released in 2008.
The Colorado report comes on the heels of international and national assessments that discuss likely impacts of climate change in broad regions, and it leverages those assessments to provide state-specific information. Because Colorado is located between an area likely to dry further (the U.S. Southwest) and one likely to get wetter (Northern Great Plains), the state's precipitation future is less certain.
"Despite some uncertainties around precipitation, it's clear that as temperatures rise in Colorado, there will be impacts on our water resources," said Jeff Lukas, lead author of the new report and a researcher at the Western Water Assessment, a program of the University of Colorado Boulder funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
"Already, snowmelt and runoff are shifting earlier, our soils are becoming drier, and the growing season has lengthened," Lukas said. "Wildfires and heat waves have become more common, too. Climate projections suggest those trends—all of which can affect water supply and demand—will continue."
The newest climate models are split on whether the future will see increasing, decreasing or similar amounts of annual precipitation in Colorado. Even if the future brings more precipitation, the report notes, skiers, farmers and cities may not benefit because a warmer atmosphere will pull more moisture out of our snowpack, soils, crops and other plants.
In producing "Climate Change in Colorado," the authors sought to provide information that would be useful to people involved in making long-term decisions about Colorado's water in the face of climate change.
"This report will help to inform critical products like the Statewide Water Supply Initiative (SWSI) and Colorado's Water Plan," said James Eklund, Colorado Water Conservation Board director. "This report will add value, just as the 2008 report was widely used by the state and other entities to inform their long-term planning processes such as the Colorado Drought Mitigation and Response Plan and the city of Denver's Climate Adaptation Plan."
The Western Water Assessment (WWA) is part of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), a joint institute of CU-Boulder and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) is a division of the Colorado Department of Natural Resources and spearheads the state's climate change adaptation efforts.
Co-authors of the report are: Joseph Barsugli, of CIRES and NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL); Nolan Doesken, of Colorado State University and Colorado Climate Center; Imtiaz Rangwala, of WWA; and Klaus Wolter, of CIRES and ESRL.


text:
Contact: Sonia Fernandez
University of California - Santa Barbara
Caption: The top map on the left represents the current normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) conditions (April 11-20, 2012), and the bottom left is the average for this time of year. The top right map is the difference between the top (current) and bottom (normal) on the left, and the bottom right map is the "significance" or "z-score" of that difference.
Credit: Joel Michaelsen
Usage Restrictions: None
Related news release: With climate and vegetation data, UCSB geographers closer to predicting droughts in Africa

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
On this day in history, the body of President John F. Kennedy is moved to a spot just a few feet away from its original interment site at Arlington National Cemetery. The slain president had been assassinated more than three years earlier, on November 22, 1963.
Although JFK never specified where he wanted to be buried, most of his family and friends assumed he would have chosen a plot in his home state of Massachusetts. Because JFK was a World War II veteran, he qualified for a plot at Arlington National Cemetery, but he also deserved a special site befitting his presidential status. The spring before he died, President Kennedy had made an unscheduled tour of Arlington and had remarked to a friend on the view of the Potomac from the Custis-Lee Mansion, reportedly saying it was so magnificent I could stay forever. After the assassination, the friend who accompanied JFK to Arlington that day relayed the comment to the president's brother-in-law, Sargent Shriver, who suggested the site to Jacqueline Kennedy, the president's widow. Jackie, who was responsible for the final decision, toured the site on November 24 and agreed. "He belongs to the people," she said.
During funeral preparations, the first lady asked if cemetery workers could erect some sort of eternal flame at the gravesite. Cemetery officials scrambled to put together a makeshift Hawaiian torch under a wire dome, covered by dirt and evergreen boughs. The flame was fed by copper tubing from a propane tank situated 300 feet away. After the graveside military ceremony on November 25, Jackie lit the first eternal flame and, a few days later, the gravesite was enclosed with a white picket fence. In December 1963, Jackie Kennedy returned to the grave and was photographed kneeling in prayer among a sea of wreaths and bouquets left by recent visitors.
JFK's original gravesite attracted 16 million visitors in the first three years after his death. In 1967, the Kennedy family and Arlington officials chose to move JFK's grave in order to construct a safer, more stable eternal flame and to accommodate the extensive foot traffic caused by tourists. The final resting place, which is only a few feet from the original site, took 2 years to construct, during which time JFK's body was secretly moved and re-interred in a private ceremony attended by Jackie, his brothers Edward and Robert, and President Lyndon Johnson. The bodies of two of the couple's children who died at birth were also moved to the new site from graves in Massachusetts. The makeshift propane gas line was replaced with a permanent natural gas line and furnished with a continuous electronic flashing spark that reignites the flame in case it is extinguished by rain or wind. The Kennedy family chose Cape Cod granite flagstones to surround the flame. They also paid the costs of the original burial, but the federal government funded construction of the final site and appropriates money for the plot's upkeep.
In 1968, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, also a victim of assassination, was buried near his brother. In 1994, Jackie Kennedy died after a battle with cancer and, although she had remarried and again been widowed, was laid to rest next to her first husband, JFK.
William Taft is the only other president besides JFK interred at Arlington.


text:
- Stay within resource usage requirements.
- Do not engage in or encourage activity that is illegal.
- Do not engage in cryptocurrency mining.
Ready for the real environment experience?
If you're building and deploying cloud native applications and microservices, then understanding container development and orchestration is a must have skill. In this Lab you'll learn how to use both Docker and Docker Compose to build and run containers.
In this Lab scenario you'll work with 2 containers. A NGINX web server container which will be configured to proxy incoming HTTP requests downstream to second container running a customised Python FLASK based web application. The NGINX web server container will use the publicly available nginx:1.13.7 docker image. The FLASK based web application container will be based on a custom docker image that you will need to first create.
This Lab will teach you how to use and define a Dockerfile to build a FLASK based web application, and then use it with the docker build command to build a Docker Image. You'll then learn how to use Docker Compose, a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications, to configure and launch the dual container (Nginx -> Flask) environment.
Upon completion of this Lab, you will be able to:
- Edit and update a Dockerfile to create a Flask based web application
- Use the docker build command to build a new Docker Image and tag it with cloudacademydevops/flaskapp:latest
- Edit and update a Docker Compose file to create a dual container (Nginx -> Flask) setup
- Use the docker-compose command to launch a dual container (Nginx -> Flask) setup
- Test and validate the container setup using the curl command
- Be comfortable with basic Linux command line administration
- Be comfortable with basic container concepts
This Lab will start with the following AWS resources provisioned automatically for you:
- A single EC2 instance, named ide.containers.cloudacademy.platform.instance, which will have a public IP address attached. This will be the instance that you will connect to using your local workstation browser.
To achieve the Lab end state, you will be walked through the process of:
- Using your local workstation browser to remotely connect to ide.containers.cloudacademy.platform.instance
- Using the web based IDE and integrated terminal, you'll complete the remainder of the stated Lab Objectives (above)
August 31st, 2021 - Update Dockerfile instruction to ensure the file is saved before attempting to build the image
August 14th, 2020 - Fixed issue preventing Kubernetes environment from starting
Jeremy is a Content Lead Architect and DevOps SME here at Cloud Academy where he specializes in developing DevOps technical training documentation.
He has a strong background in software engineering, and has been coding with various languages, frameworks, and systems for the past 25+ years. In recent times, Jeremy has been focused on DevOps, Cloud (AWS, GCP, Azure), Security, Kubernetes, and Machine Learning.
Jeremy holds professional certifications for AWS, GCP, Terraform, Kubernetes (CKA, CKAD, CKS).

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Optimal Detector for Discrete Transmit Signals in Gaussian Interference Channels
Free registration required
Executive Summary
This paper addresses the design of optimal and near-optimal detectors for a practical interference channel scenario where the transmitters employ discrete modulation schemes. The conventional detectors, which either ignore the interference or successively detect then cancel the interference, typically assume that the desired signal and/or the interference are Gaussian. This paper proposes detectors that explicitly take into account the modulation formats of both the desired signal and the interference. The optimal Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detector that minimizes the probability of detection error for a given set of modulation schemes is derived first.
 - Format: PDF
 - Size: 149.8 KB


text:
The Leadership Development in Interethnic Relations (LDIR) Program grows out of a specific moment in the landscape of Los Angeles culture. In the late 1980′s, several community centers and places of worship were vandalized with messages of hate. By 1989, the Asian Pacific American Legal Center (APALC) began thinking seriously about developing a program that would provide individuals with specific skills to address human relations issues.
The first LDIR program began in 1991 and graduated the first LDIR participants a few weeks after the Los Angeles 1992 civil unrest. While the first class was conducted solely by APALC, after the graduation the League of United Latino American Citizens (LULAC) of San Gabriel Valley added their support. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference/Martin Luther King Dispute Resolution Center (SCLC/MLKDRC) also joined as a formal partner to better round out the program's curriculum and community representation.
In 1997, with the support of the LDIR's Operations Board which by then included APALC, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF), and SCLC/MLKDRC, the decision was made to take the LDIR program into the schools and into the classrooms. The mantra at the time was "every student at every school." The LDIR school-based program ultimately expanded to public schools in Los Angeles, San Gabriel and Alhambra Unified School Districts working with hundreds of students.
In 2002, with the support of the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, LDIR replicated the training in Flint, Michigan, and Philadelphia, helping those communities to make the curriculum their own. In the ensuing years, LDIR positioned itself at the vanguard of leadership development programs by expanding its curriculum to build greater understanding of, and participation by, transgender, queer, and other populations often facing discrimination and exclusion.
In 2004, LDIR staff conducted an indepth study of existing leadership development programs in the health sector and recognized a need for health based leadership programming. In mid 2005, LDIR launched the LDIRs in Health Program. In early 2007, the LDIRs in Health Program brought training resources to a new community of health advocates in the Central Valley.
At this same time, other non-profit organizations increased their demand for training resources and technical assistance. LDIR staff developed marketing materials and a condensed training curriculum to respond to this need. By the end of 2007, responding to the training needs of non-profit organizations had become an integral part of LDIR program delivery.
From schools, to new communities, to multiple sectors, the LDIR program has continued to expand to share resources in new and innovative ways.
The LDIR program is co-sponsored by:


Michigan's President Coleman Advocates Sexist Hiring
In yet another example of an overheated — indeed, almost unhinged — response to the prospect of Michigan voters voting to outlaw discrimination on the basis of race or gender, University of Michigan president Mary Sue Coleman made one of the most extreme and unqualified defenses of gender-based hiring I've ever seen coming out of academia lately. (And that's saying a lot.)
Coleman's talk was devoted to predicting the various ways that the sky would fall on Michigan women if MCRI passes. Some of the items in her parade of horribles were obviously true, though not horrible: "Coleman said any gender-specific program administered by the state could be targeted if MCRI succeeds." Well, yes. If you outlaw discrimination on the basis of gender, discrimination on basis of gender will indeed be "targeted."
Some of what she worried about was simply wrong — that MCRI would prevent "outreach" programs to encourage women to enter non-traditional fields, or that it would bar support for activities that primarily involve women. As Chetly Zarko, MCRI spokesman, said, "MCRI allows programs that do not formally exclude men but attract women almost exclusively."
Some of what she said was inexplicably odd: "that research is funded by the federal government and taxpayers' dollars should not support a system that does not serve the entire population." Well, yes, but how would barring discrimination prevent research dollars from serving "the entire population"?
Good question! Now note Coleman's remarkable answer:
Coleman also argued that gender-specific policies in academia are necessary for the health of the American public. She noted that medical research conducted at the University must address the health concerns of both men and women. She held that women's health issues could only be adequately addressed if women were actually conducting the research.
Note that this is not "one factor among many." This is not "diversity." This is undiluted sex-based job qualifications.
I wonder if Coleman thinks that only women can research and teach women's history? That only women can research and teach women's literature? But if that's true, then it's presumably also true that only men can research and teach about activities done by men, and, it would follow, "that [men's] health issues could only be adequately addressed if [men] were actually conducting the research."
Who selected this person to be president of a major American university?
ADDENDUM [15 March 12:45AM]
I wonder if Coleman's reaoning and analytical abilities might be suffering from the same malady that led MIT biologist Nancy Hopkins to announce with great fanfare that she "would've either blacked out or thrown up" if she hadn't walked out of Larry Summer's talk when he suggested that it was worth investigating whether mathematical ability might not be evenly distributed between men and women.
Quick! Let's get a (woman) doctor on the case! Maybe there's some research by a (woman) psychologist or (woman) brain physiologist that could throw light on this mystery of why apparently sane and balanced women academics seem to lose their analytical equilibrium when confronted with views and values they dislike.
Say What? (34)
 1. mikem March 14, 2005 at 11:19 pm | | Reply
 That is incredible. I sent a comment to the linked article, which has to be approved by the 'board' before it is posted. I resisted the temptation to claim fainting and nausea spells in my post.
 2. Chetly Zarko March 15, 2005 at 12:54 am | | Reply
 To overcome a content filtering problem, I'm posting multiple responses to isolate the blocked word.
 Actually, John, the Coleman
 3. Chetly Zarko March 15, 2005 at 12:56 am | | Reply
 statements came at a "WORD MEANING THINGS THAT ORBIT EARTH conference" (three Michigan university campuses utilizing video connections)of most of the major Democratic female leaders in Michigan, sponsored directly by our opposition ballot question committee. This conference featured the paper labelled as a "study," that you linked to earlier in the weekend.
 The Coleman quotes are priceless. I thought the quote about federal funding and "research benefitting EVERYONE" subtlely supports MCRI. As to the about women researchers being necessary for women's health – absurd. More condescending though, was this priceless "women are weak" argument:
 Lansing Community College President Paula Cunningham said the scarcity of women in corporate boardrooms may be partly the fault of women themselves.
 4. Tim Gannon March 15, 2005 at 8:01 am | | Reply
 I wonder who would do the research that Larry Summers is looking for?
 5. Chetly Zarko March 15, 2005 at 2:36 pm | | Reply
 Tim, perhaps someone interested in destroying their career?
 I would note I disagree with Summers' conclusion or theory, but I don't see it as "out of bounds" and I believe good science and academia requires that such perspectives be explored, advocated, and researched until they are proven or disproven. We are witnessing a radical deconstruction of both traditional academic freedom (ironically, using a twisted version of "academic freedom," as O'Connor cites in Grutter to justify her "deference") and the entire scientific process. A very dangerous and Orwellian road that we are headed down.
 6. Tim Gannon March 15, 2005 at 3:45 pm | | Reply
 My point exactly. As an acedemic outsider, Why should such a study be a career breaker?
 And if so, Where is acedemic freedom and acedemic integrity?
 7. Michelle Dulak Thomson March 15, 2005 at 4:18 pm | | Reply
 What flummoxes me about this is that the thing that really needs attention is men's health. I mean, we basically have two equal-sized cohorts with identical demographics at birth, one of which lives (on average) six or seven years longer than the other. And there are constant calls for greater attention in medical research to one of them, but oddly enough it isn't the one with the shorter life expectancy. I find that very strange.
 8. Richard Nieporent March 15, 2005 at 5:19 pm | | Reply
 She held that women
 9. Dom March 15, 2005 at 6:32 pm | | Reply
 Michelle made an intersting point. But I'd like to add that the differences in Men's and Women's health is not always due to differences in medical research. (Although it's a little strange that we have gynecology but not "andrology"). The biggest difference is that men are not overly concerned about health matters.
 10. Laura March 15, 2005 at 6:41 pm | | Reply
 Plus, we have more DNA.
 Michelle, it wasn't so long ago that anything that affected a woman's reproductive system was classified as "women's complaint", 'nuff said. I think it wasn't until women actually started becoming doctors that all that was taken seriously.
 And regarding gynecology: remember that the take-an-aspirin-a-day study, which was done fairly recently in the scheme of things, was performed using only males, and no one saw anything wrong with that until the study was published and nurses, I believe, started asking questions. In case you wonder why that matters, there's a school of thought that the reason the aspirin helps is that it causes microhemorhages in the stomach, so that there is a constant blood loss. Menstruating women do not need this, so the (non)benefit would be outweighed by the potential damage to the stomach. "Medicine" still sometimes means "men's health".
 11. Michelle Dulak Thomson March 15, 2005 at 6:59 pm | | Reply
 Dom, if men aren't careful enough of their health we must do something about it! We must bombard them with advertisements about diseases they never knew existed, together with instructions to "ask your doctor about the little fuschia pill," or whatever. Oh, wait...
 Laura, I take your point about male-only studies. I think the reason studies for a long time used only men is that researchers were justifiably concerned about teratogenic effects, especially post-Thalidomide. If you put fertile women in a study and whatever-you're-testing turns out to be a teratogen, you're in major trouble. This is why half the pharma disclaimers on those incessant ads include "don't take this if you're pregnant or may become pregnant." They don't know whether it's unsafe for pregnant women, but they don't dare risk finding out that it is.
 12. Richard Nieporent March 15, 2005 at 7:35 pm | | Reply
 I know this may be hard to believe, but many years ago I discovered for myself that woman were different from men. The ludicrous statement made by Mary Coleman is not that separate research should be done on women and men, but that it requires women to conduct the research.
 13. LTEC March 15, 2005 at 9:21 pm | | Reply
 What if almost all subjects in medical experiments were women? I'm sure feminists would have nothing to complain about then.


text:
Welcome to the website dedicated to empowering consumers to understand more about how and when to call the emergency services within Ireland and the EU.
At some point in your life, you may need to call the emergency services such as firemen, police, or medical personnel. By being prepared for calling the emergency services, you can get the help you need much more quickly which can often make a big difference. Parents should also teach their children about when and how to call for help.
The principal emergency services are the "blue light" services that respond to normal emergencies in Ireland namely An Garda Síochána, the Ambulance Service, the Fire Service and the Irish Coast Guard. These principal emergency services would be the 'first responders' in most emergency situations.
In Ireland we have two emergency numbers, 999 and 112.
112 works also in all EU countries and from any phone, free of charge. If a family member or friend is travelling within the EU soon, check that they know what number to call in case of any emergency – under stress of an accident, it could prove vital.
Remember when calling 112 (or 999), 'stay calm, stay focused and stay on the line'.


Next time you have a few beers with your friends, you might want to take a sec to mull over that work problem that's been tripping you up. According to a new study, beer actually helps you think better.
In the study, researchers from the University of Illinois in Chicago divided participants into two groups—one group was given two pints of beer each, and the other were completely sober. Each team was then asked to compete in a bar game where they were given three words and asked to come up with a fourth one that fit the pattern.
The drinkers solved 40 percent more problems correctly and came up with their answers 3.5 seconds faster than their sober counterparts. Sure, beer isn't always going to make you smarter—scientists discovered that the tipsy people weren't as great at memory games, but did well at ones that required a little creativity.
First we found out that drinking a glass or two of red wine a day can help you lose weight, and now this. Who's ready for happy hour?!


IEC 62271-215:2021
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 215: Phase comparator used with VDIS
Kehtiv alates 29.06.2021
Direktiivid või määrused
Standardi ajalugu
IEC 62271-215:2021 is applicable to phase comparators designed to be plugged into the testing points of a voltage detecting and indicating system (VDIS) according to IEC 62271-213, to give an indication of the result of a phase comparison. The main usage is to provide a clear evidence of the phase relationship between two energized parts of a high-voltage network, at the same nominal voltage and frequency before coupling them. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61243-5 published in 1997 and the first edition of IEC 62271-206 published in 2011. This edition constitutes a merging of the content of IEC 61243-5 and IEC 62271-206. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous editions of IEC 61243-5 and IEC 62271-206: - the document does not include the specific phase comparators (SPCs) as defined in IEC 61243-5, which was specific to manufacturers, and takes back the technical principles of the universal phase comparator (UPC) for VDIS of all manufacturers; - the phase comparator for sequential connected operation is introduced to facilitate the operation of phase comparation of large MV panels.
272,22 € koos KM-ga
272,22 € koos KM-ga
Standardi monitooring


Scrubbing Sensitive Data
As with any third-party service it's important to understand what data is being sent to Sentry, and where relevant ensure sensitive data either never reaches the Sentry servers, or at the very least it doesn't get stored.
These are some great examples for data scrubbing that every company should think about:
 - PII (Personally Identifiable Information) such as a user's name or email address, which post-GDPR should be on every company's mind.
 - Authentication credentials, like your AWS password or key.
 - Confidential IP (Intellectual Property), such as your favorite color, or your upcoming plans for world domination.
We offer the following options depending on your legal and operational needs:
 - filtering or scrubbing sensitive data within the SDK, so that data is not sent to Sentry. Different SDKs have different capabilities, and configuration changes require a redeployment of your application.
 - configuring server-side scrubbing to ensure Sentry does not store data. Configuration changes are done in the Sentry UI and apply immediately for new events.
 - running a local Relay on your own server between the SDK and Sentry, so that data is not sent to Sentry while configuration can still be applied without deploying.
Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
Our newer SDKs do not purposefully send PII to stay on the safe side. This behavior is controlled by an option called send-default-pii.
Turning this option on is required for certain features in Sentry to work, but also means you will need to be even more careful about what data is being sent to Sentry (using the options below).
If you do not wish to use the default PII behavior, you can also choose to identify users in a more controlled manner, using our user identity context.
Scrubbing Data
SDKs provide a before-send hook, which is invoked before an event is sent and can be used to modify event data to remove sensitive information. Using before-send in the SDKs to scrub any data before it is sent is the recommended scrubbing approach, so sensitive data never leaves the local environment.
In Python a function can be used to modify the event or return a completely new one. If you return None, the event will be discarded.
import sentry_sdk
def strip_sensitive_data(event, hint):
 # modify event here
 return event
There's a few areas you should consider that sensitive data may appear:
 - Stack-locals → some SDKs (Python + PHP), will pick up variable values within the stacktrace. This can be scrubbed or disabled altogether, if necessary
 - Breadcrumbs → some SDKs (for example, JavaScript, Java logging integrations) will pick up previously executed log statements. Do not log PII if using this feature and including log statements as breadcrumbs in the event. Some backend SDKs will surface DB queries which may need to be scrubbed
 - User context → automated behavior is controlled via send-default-pii
 - HTTP context → query strings may be picked up in some frameworks as part of the HTTP request context
For more details, see Filtering Events.
Contextual information
Instead of sending confidential information in plaintext, considering hashing it:
Sentry.setTag("birthday", checksumOrHash("08/12/1990"));
This will allow you to correlate it within internal systems if needed, but keep it confidential from Sentry.
User details
Your organization may determine that emails are not considered confidential, but if they are, consider instead sending your internal identifier:
Sentry.setUser({ id: });
// or
Sentry.setUser({ username: user.username });
Doing this will ensure you still benefit from user-impact related features.
Logging integrations
As a best practice you should always avoid logging confidential information. If you have legacy systems you need to work around, consider the following:
 - Anonymize the confidential information within the log statements (for example, swap out email addresses -> for internal identifiers)
 - Use beforeBreadcrumb to filter it out from breadcrumbs before it is attached
 - Disable logging breadcrumb integration (for example, as described here)
Help improve this content


Sardinia's electricity transmission network
Sadinia's main electricity transmission network consist of a main bone line at 370 kV that interconnects the main generation sites located in the industrial sites of Fiume Santo, Sulcis and Rumianca, and a ring at 220 kV. The rest of the transmission system consist of a mesh network at 150 kV.
Sardinia is connected with Corsica and with the Italian peninsula through two submarine HVDC
power lines: SACOI and SAPEI.
SAPEI: Sardegna-Penisola Italiana
SAPEI (Sardinia-Italian peninsula) connect directly Sardinia to Italian peninsula since 2010trough 420 km of submarine cable layed down up to 1600 m under the sea level. The maximum power is 1000 MW, splitted in two cables of 500 MW. SAPEI is a 420 km long submarine cable (435 if you also consider the land section) between Sardinia and Lazio, passing 1600 meters below the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is the deepest submarine cable in the world. SAPEI is composed of two cables, with a total capacity of 1000 Megawatts. The laying of the cables was entrusted to "Giulio Verne", the largest cable laying ship in the world.
SACOI: Sardegna-Corsia-Italia
The direct current connection SACOI (Sardinia – Corsica – Italy) is an HVDC interconnection used for the exchange of electricity between the Italian mainland, Corsica and Sardinia since 1965.
It is unusual, having more than two conversion stations as part of a single HVDC system and (as of 2012) it is one of only two multi-terminal HVDC systems in operation in the world (the other multi-terminal scheme is the Quebec transmission system -New England which connects the northeastern United States with Quebec in Canada). The scheme is a monopole that uses a combination of overhead line and submarine cable for the 200 kV high voltage conductor and return to the sea for neutral current. Overhead lines and submarine cables are duplicated, with both circuits installed on the same towers.
Until the 1990s mercury vapour rectifier where used, which have now been replaced by thyristors. The capacity is of 200 MW at a voltage of 200 kV. In 1992 a second pole was installed with a maximum power of 300MW at 200 kV. The fist cable of 200 MW have been in service for more than 40 years and is going to be dismissed in the next years because obsolescence.


text:
Early Encounters in North America
Note: Use of this resource is restricted to current University of Pittsburgh faculty, students, and staff, and may be used for individual research purposes only. Any other use is prohibited.
Early Encounters in North America is a full text collection of primary documents related to early encounters of North American Indian, European, American, and African peoples and cultures in North America, as well as descriptions of the natural features of North America at the time. The documents include: letters, diaries, memoirs, accounts of early encounters, as well as images. The collection is centered on present-day Canada and the United States with some limited coverage of Mexico.
- Citations? Yes
- Abstracts? No
- Full Text? Yes
Frequency of Updates:
Note: For assistance in locating related print resources, please ask for assistance at any library reference desk or submit a question via our Ask-A-Librarian service.


text:
Implementing Automation for Cisco Data Center Solutions (CPLL-DCAUI-V1)
The Implementing Automation for Cisco Data Center Solutions (DCAUI) v1.0 course teaches you how to implement Cisco Data Center automated solutions including programming concepts, orchestration, and automation tools.
Through a combination of lessons and hands-on practice, you will manage the tools and learn the benefits of programmability and automation in the Cisco-powered data center. You will examine Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (Cisco ACI®), software-defined networking (SDN) for data center and cloud networks, Cisco Nexus® (Cisco NX-OS) platforms for device-centric automation, and Cisco Unified Computing System (Cisco UCS®) for data center compute.
This course helps you prepare for the Automating Cisco Data Center Solutions (300-635 DCAUTO) certification exam.
Associated Certifications: CCNP Data Center, Cisco Certified DevNet Professional
Associated Exam: 300-635 DCAUTO
After taking this course, you should be able to:
- Leverage the tools and APIs to automate Cisco ACI powered data centers.
- Demonstrate workflows (configuration, verification, healthchecking, monitoring) using Python, Ansible, and Postman.
- Leverage the various models and APIs of the Cisco Nexus OS platform to perform day 0 operations, improve troubleshooting methodologies with custom tools, augment the CLI using scripts, and integrate various workflows using Ansible and Python.
- Describe the paradigm shift of Model Driven Telemetry and understand the building blocks of a working solution.
- Describe the Cisco Data Center compute solutions can be managed and automated using API centric tooling, by using the Python SDK, PowerTool, and Ansible modules to implement various workflows on Cisco UCS, Cisco IMC, Cisco UCS Manager, Cisco UCS Director, and Cisco Intersight.
This course is designed for network and software engineers who hold the following job roles:
- Network engineer
- Systems engineer
- Wireless engineer
- Consulting systems engineer
- Technical solutions architect
- Network administrator
- Wireless design engineer
- Network manager
- Site reliability engineer
- Deployment engineer
- Sales engineer
- Account manager
Before taking this course, you should have the following knowledge and skills:
- Basic programming language concepts
- Basic understanding of virtualization and VMware
- Ability to use Linux and command line interface (CLI) tools, such as Secure Shell (SSH) and bash
- CCNP-level data center knowledge
- Foundational understanding of Cisco ACI
The following Cisco courses can help you gain the knowledge you need to prepare for this course:
- Implementing and Administering Cisco Solutions (CCNA)
- Introducing Automation for Cisco Solutions (CSAU)
- Implementing and Operating Cisco Data Center Core Technologies (DCCOR)
- Programming Use Cases for Cisco Digital Network Architecture (DNAPUC)
- Introducing Cisco Network Programmability (NPICNP)


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Study on gestures[edit]
Pressing hands together and touching feets of enlighthened or elder person is common gesture in India. In a picture man pressing hands and women touching feets of the statue of Bodhisattva B. R. Ambedkar on Namvistar Din.
Categories of gestures[edit]
Other spontaneous gestures used during speech production known as iconic gestures are more full of content, and may echo, or elaborate, the meaning of the co-occurring speech. They depict aspects of spatial images, actions, people, or objects.[10] For example, a gesture that depicts the act of throwing may be synchronous with the utterance, "He threw the ball right into the window."[9] Such gestures that are used along with speech tend to be universal. For example, one describing that he/she is feeling cold due to a lack of proper clothing and/or a cold weather can accompany his/her verbal description with a visual one. This can be achieved through various gestures such as by demonstrating a shiver and/or by rubbing the hands together. In such cases, the language or verbal description of the person does not necessarily need to be understood as someone could at least take a hint at what's being communicated through the observation and interpretation of body language which serves as a gesture equivalent in meaning to what's being said through communicative speech.
Studies affirm a strong link between gesture typology and language development. Young children under the age of two seem to rely on pointing gestures to refer to objects that they do not know the names of. Once the words are learned, they eschewed those referential (pointing) gestures. One would think that the use of gesture would decrease as the child develops spoken language, but results reveal that gesture frequency increased as speaking frequency increased with age. There is however a change in gesture typology at different ages, suggesting a connection between gestures and language development. Children most often use pointing and adults rely more on iconic and beat gestures. As children begin producing sentence-like utterances, they also begin producing new kinds of gestures that adults use when speaking (iconics and beats). Evidence of this systematic organization of gesture is indicative of its association to language development.[10]
Social significance[edit]
Vitarka mudra, Tarim Basin, 9th century.
Because of this connection of co-speech gestures--a form of manual action--in language in the brain, Roel Willems and Peter Hagoort conclude that both gestures and language contribute to the understanding and decoding of a speaker's encoded message. Willems and Hagoort's research suggest that "processing evoked by gestures is qualitatively similar to that of words at the level of semantic processing." This conclusion is supported through findings from experiments by Skipper where the use of gestures led to "a division of labor between areas related to language or action (Broca's area and premotor/primary motor cortex respectively)." The use of gestures in combination with speech allowed the brain to decrease the need for "semantic control." Because gestures aided in understanding the relayed message, there was not as great a need for semantic selection or control that would otherwise be required of the listener through Broca's area. Gestures are a way to represent the thoughts of an individual, which are prompted in working memory. The results of an experiment revealed that adults have increased accuracy when they used pointing gestures as opposed to simply counting in their heads (without the use of pointing gestures)[17] Furthermore, the results of a study conducted by Marstaller and Burianová suggest that the use of gestures affect working memory. The researchers found that those with low capacity of working memory who were able to use gestures actually recalled more terms than those with low capacity who were not able to use gestures.[18]
Although there is an obvious connection in the aid of gestures in understanding a message, "the understanding of gestures is not the same as understanding spoken language." These two functions work together and gestures help facilitate understanding, but they only "partly drive the neural language system."[19]
Electronic interface[edit]
See also[edit]
 2. ^ a b c Xu J, Gannon PJ, Emmorey K, Smith JF, Braun AR. (2009). Symbolic gestures and spoken language are processed by a common neural system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106:20664–20669. doi:10.1073/pnas._PHONE_ PMID _PHONE_
 3. ^ Corballis, Michael (January–February 2010). "The gestural origins of language". WIREs Cognitive Science 1.
 5. ^ Kendon, A (1982). "The study of gesture: Some observations on its history". Recherches Sémiotiques/Semiotic Inquiry 2 (1): 45–62.
 6. ^ Bulwer, J (1644). Chirologia: or the Naturall Language of the Hand. London.
 7. ^ de Jorio, A (1832/2002). Gesture in Naples and Gesture in Classical Antiquity. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-21506-4.
 9. ^ a b c McNeill (1992). Hand and Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
 10. ^ a b Mayberry, Rachel I. (December 2000). "Gesture Reflects Language Development: Evidence from Bilingual Children". Current Directions in Psychological Science 9 (6): 192–196. JSTOR 20182668.
 11. ^ Fernandez, Eva M.; Helen Smith Cairns (2011). Fundamentals of Psycholinguistics. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 77. ISBN 9781405191470.
 14. ^ Axtell, R. (1993). Worldsmart: Gestures around the world. World Smart Resource Center, Retrieved from
 16. ^ Iverson, Jana M.; Esther Thelen (2005). "Hand, Mouth and Brain". Journal of Consciousness Studies. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
 18. ^ Marstaller, Lars and Hana Burianová. "Individual differences in the gesture effect on working memory."Psychonomic Society 20 (2013): 496-500. Academic Search Complete. Web.
 19. ^ Willems, Roel M., and Peter Hagoort. "Neural Evidence for the Interplay between Language, Gesture, and Action: A Review." Brain and Language 101.3 (2007): 1,4-6. Print.
Further reading[edit]
External links[edit]


The topic Saint-Front is discussed in the following articles:
 - TITLE: Périgueux (France)
 A chief point of cultural interest in Périgueux is the cathedral of Saint-Front, built in the 12th century on the ruins of the abbey, which burned in 1120. One of the largest in southwestern France, it is built in the shape of a Greek cross, topped by five lofty domes and numerous colonnaded turrets. A Romanesque bell tower and cloisters of the 12th, 13th, and 16th centuries adjoin it on...
 - TITLE: building construction
 SECTION: Stone construction


Terjemahan dari detonate
blow up, detonate, set off, explode, blast, let off
explode, blow up, burst out, erupt, detonate, go off
pop, explode, detonate, let off, blow up, implode
erupt, burst, explode, pop, break out, detonate
Definisi detonate
explode or cause to explode.
two other bombs failed to detonate
sinonim: explode, go off, blow up, shatter, erupt, ignite, bang, blast, boom; set off, explode, discharge, let off, touch off, trigger, ignite, kindle
 - blow up, explode
 - blow up, explode, set off
Lebih sedikit sinonim
His task is to detonate a nuclear device in Suffolk, which will somehow scare millions into voting Labour.
two other bombs failed to detonate
a trigger that can detonate nuclear weapons
It was not clear whether he planned to detonate the bomb at the checkpoint or had intended to explode it at another target.
a trigger that can detonate nuclear weapons
two other bombs failed to detonate
However, no one was injured as one of the petrol bombs detonated inside the porch and another failed to explode.
This results in the stratification of differing concentrations of combustible material within the combustion chambers which is particularly suited to create detonative combustion within the wave rotor.
Rarely has the potential power of hip hop been so convincingly harnessed, with Chuck D's furiously articulate lyrics detonating like bombs.
It has spurred India to go ahead publicly detonating nuclear devices.
Previously it was thought that one car bomb had detonated, but the statement said two devices went off.
The script uses almost every word as detonative symbol.
The good news, from it standpoint of the Americans is, that means that most of that lethality is wasted if you're detonating a roadside bomb.
He was apparently waiting to be picked up by the general's official car when the first bomb wasdetonated by remote control.
Security measures to prevent nuclear attacks must be continued, but we cannot rely on efforts to block terrorists from detonating nuclear devices.
The 'boom' of a bomb being detonated anywhere in the vicinity is also a sound I hope you never hear.
He reveals to Dan Jones how he detonated the sparks of controversy.
One of the two suspects who detonated the bombs is believed to have died in the explosions and the other is still at large.
What if a chemical weapon detonates on a crowded New England dock?
Restaurant workers said more than 40 diners were inside when the bomb was detonated.
That accord specifically prohibited countries from detonating nuclear weapons in space.
They died after a suicide car bomb detonated at their checkpoint south of the capital.
However, I wonder if they are capable of making, assembling and detonating a bomb of that capacity.
I offer James's recourse to metaphors of the mystical as an additional, radical instance of thedetonative effect of James's philosophical discourse.
There is no gradualness and there are no countermeasures to a dozen nuclear warheads detonatingsimultaneously in U.S. cities.
Tinggalkan Balasan
You cannot copy content of this page


text:
If you want to change the direction of the stove pipe of your firewood stove, you need to choose a pipe elbow. Before you buy the elbow, you need to understand the following questions.
1. Diameter of stove pipe elbow. When connecting different chimneys, the most important parameter is the diameter of the connecting part. Only accurate diameter can ensure the stability and safety of products.
2. Angle of stove pipe elbow. This product provides two angle models, one is 45 degrees and the other is 90 degrees.
3. Material of stove pipe elbow. 304 stainless steel material, will not rust, strong and durable, can be used for a long time.


text:
This chapter explains how to visualize tracks, how to retrieve reference data and finally how to perform generic comparisons between tracks.
The genome browser is the graphical interface where tracks can be presented alone or together with other tracks. Tracks are the fundamental building blocks for data analysis in the Biomedical Genomics Workbench and provide a unified framework for the visualization, comparison and analysis of genome-scale studies.
In tracks, all information is tied to genomic positions. A central coordinate-system is provided by a reference genome, which allows different types of data or results for different samples to be seen and analyzed together.
Different types of data are represented in different types of tracks, and each type of track has its own particular editors. An example of a paired-end mapping read-track displaying reads and coverage is shown in figure 19.1.


text:
Botanical Feed Additives Reduce the Carbon Footprint of Farm Animals
STEYREGG, Austria, Nov. 13, 2012 /CNW/ -
Botanical feed additives support sustainable livestock operations, thereby promoting the health of farm animals as well as reducing their impact on the environment and public health. Recent scientific studies revealed that if all poultry and pigs in the world were fed botanical feed additives, 29 million tons of CO2 equivalents could be eliminated from the environment each year: a carbon footprint of all citizens of Spain's capital, Madrid.
Botanical feed additives used in animal production have long been proven to have positive effects on the environment. Known as "phytogenic feed additives", the active ingredients in these products are derived solely from herbs, spices and their extracts. They help farmers raise healthy animals and reduce greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions.
As natural foods and food-sources becoming increasingly important considerations in consumer decision making, the consumer's concerns become the concerns of feed producers, farmers, supermarkets and restaurants. Consumer choice will continue to make a difference to the quality of the food we eat.
The family owned company DELACON is the pioneer and world's largest producer of phytogenic feed additives. From the very beginning, improved animal welfare, performance and feed efficiency while ensuring a high quality and sustainable food chain has been a main goal for the company. The scientific Carbon Footprint Life Cycle Assessment of DELACON products showed a significant reduction of environmental impacts when these additives are used in livestock production. A calculation shows that if all poultry and pigs in the world were fed phytogenic feed additives, 29 million tons of CO2 equivalents could be eliminated from the environment annually: a carbon footprint of all citizens of Spain's capital Madrid.
SOURCE: DELACON Biotechnik Ges.m.b.H.For further information:


Parent Styles
Styles have a "Parent Style" property. Styles inherit their formatting properties from their parent style. This allows you to create a hierarchy of styles. For example, the built-in styles contain a hierarchy for Declarations, a portion of which looks like this:
Figure 4.10 An example of a style hierarchy.
Formatting properties in a style are combined with the parent style. Thus, the Declare Struct style inherits the formatting properties of the Declaration style. That lets you affect changes to all declaration styles by altering the single Declaration style.
The topmost parent style is the "Default Text" style. Its formatting properties are determined by the document type's font settings.
You can change the parent style of any style using the Style Properties command.
In the figure below is an example of how styles might combine for a function declaration.
Figure 4.11 Style properties "add up" on top of the default font specified by the document type.


text:
Supporting documents you need to provide
You should include all the documents you have which will show that you qualify for entry to the UK as a visitor. The documents include the following:
- bank statements, pay slips, or some other evidence to show that you can pay for the trip and that you have enough money to support yourself and any dependants without working or getting any help from public funds, and
- evidence that you intend to leave the UK at the end of your visit (for example, a letter from your employer).
If you are visiting family or friends you will need:
- a letter from your sponsor (the person you are visiting) explaining your relationship with them and the purpose of your visit, and
a copy of the bio-data page (the page containing their photograph) of their UK passport or, if they are not a UK national, evidence of their immigration status in the United Kingdom
If your sponsor will be supporting you during your visit, or paying for the cost of the visit, you will need:
- pay slips, bank statements, or some other evidence to show that they have enough money to support you.


text:
noun, plural phys·i·og·no·mies.
BEAT THE DOLDRUMS WITH THIS WORD OF THE DAY QUIZ!
Origin of physiognomy
OTHER WORDS FROM physiognomyphys·i·og·nom·ic [fiz-ee-og-nom-ik, ‐ee-uh-nom‐], /ˌfɪz i ɒgˈnɒm ɪk, ‐i əˈnɒm‐/, phys·i·og·nom·i·cal, phys·i·og·no·mon·ic [fiz-ee-og-nuh-mon-ik, ‐on-uh‐], /ˌfɪz iˌɒg nəˈmɒn ɪk, ‐ˌɒn ə‐/, phys·i·og·no·mon·i·cal, adjectivephys·i·og·nom·i·cal·ly, phys·i·og·no·mon·i·cal·ly, adverbphys·i·og·no·mist, noun
Words nearby physiognomy
Example sentences from the Web for physiognomy
The nude of the 19th century was often a tool for anatomical study: an intellectualized and idealized approach to physiognomy.'Masculin/Masculin,' a Retrospective of Male Nudity in Art, Opens in Paris|Sarah Moroz|September 25, 2013|DAILY BEAST
As for his wife, physiognomy championed her even in the face of their accusive talk.Cabbages and Kings|O. Henry
His combined features were commanding and prepossessing, his physiognomy indicating a gigantic intellect.Sages and Heroes of the American Revolution|L. Carroll Judson
The bias of his character, the visions of his reveries, and the cast of his figure and physiognomy, were decidedly military.The Entail|John Galt
All his activity was devoted to religion until he undertook his work on physiognomy.The Every Day Book of History and Chronology|Joel Munsell
It is quite evident that in the future the study of physiognomy is going to be pursued more vigorously than it has been.Twenty Years a Detective in the Wickedest City in the World|Clifton R. Wooldridge


text:
Divers have found 30 bottles of champagne thought to pre-date the French Revolution on the Baltic seabed.
When they opened one, they found the wine - believed to have been made by Clicquot (now Veuve Clicquot) between 1782 and 1788 - was still in good condition.
The bottle - whose shape indicates it was produced in the 18th Century - has now been sent to France for analysis.
If confirmed, it would be the oldest drinkable champagne in the world.
Diver Christian Ekstrom was exploring a shipwreck on the Baltic seabed when he found the bottles.
He took one to the surface, where he opened it and tasted it with his colleagues.
"It was fantastic," he told the Reuters news agency.
"It had a very sweet taste, you could taste oak and it had a very strong tobacco smell. And there were very small bubbles."
According to records, Clicquot champagne was first produced in 1772 but was laid down for 10 years.
Production was disrupted after the French Revolution in 1789.
The wine found on the seabed was perfectly preserved because of the conditions of dark and cold on the seabed.
If the bottles do come from the 1780s, that would make them around 40 years older than the current record-holder, a bottle of Perrier-Jouet from 1825.
Wine experts estimate each bottle would fetch around 500,000 Swedish kronor (£45,000; $69,000) at auction.
The bottles were found off the coast of Aaland, an autonomous part of Finland. The local authorities will decide what is done with the shipwreck - and the champagne.


text:
Australian operators of power systems are required to meet Australian Standards concerning touch, step and transfer potentials.
Earthing systems form an integral part of any power system and provide personnel safety, equipment protection and system operating requirements for protection schemes.
These standards include ENA EG1 and AS2067 which outline design and testing requirements. The 2010 version of AS2067 introduced the requirement to design and prove touch and step potentials to meet specific design criteria rather than simply ensuring that the grid impedance was below 1 ohm. Mining sites also need to meet the requirements of AS3007.2 for touch potentials and clearance times.
Why is it required?
New installations require injection testing to prove the Earth Grid design criteria has been meet. This injection testing results in touch potential measurements being taken and compared to the design criteria.
Periodic testing of Earthing Systems is also required as Earth Grid impedance can change due to corrosion of earth cables, changes in surrounding infrastructure, soil movement, excavation works and theft or vandalism. Periodic testing ensures the Earth System impedance has not changed from the commissioning stage thus ensuring the touch and step potentials are still within the design criteria.
How is it done?
Periodic testing on substation earthing systems is carried out to ensure compliance with the original design criteria or against the relevant standards when the design criteria is not available. This will ensure touch and step potentials remain at safe levels.
We offer comprehensive field testing and analysis using state of the art off frequency current injection methods and analysis technology. Our services include measurement of soil resistivity, electrode and earth grid resistance, calculation of touch and step potentials, all completed without interruption as tests can be performed whilst the substation is still energised.
Our technology provides accurate knowledge of the voltage gradients around the earthing system allowing highly accurate analysis of the step and touch voltages that require monitoring. This is achieved using off frequency current injection in the area surrounding the substation. Our engineers can assess the stability of the measured voltages at increasing distances to provide an accurate earth grid impedance measurement.
Ampcontrol conducts periodic Earth Grid testing which includes the provision of manuals and documentation to support analysis and findings. These reports can be also supplied to relevant government authorities to support auditing processes.
We provide Earth System testing services for mining and industrial applications during commissioning of new substations along with routine Earth System testing for pre-existing systems. High Voltage safety compliance audits against AS2067 and AS3007 can also be conducted at the same time as the Earth System testing to confirm compliance to standards as well as the touch and step tolerances.


text:
Canadian Forest Service Publications
Bark beetle (Coleoptera: scolytidae) diversity in spaced and unmanaged mature lodgepole pine (Pinaceae) in southeastern British Columbia. 2004. Safranyik, L.; Shore, T.L.; Carroll, A.L.; Linton, D.A. Forest Ecology and Management 200: 23-38.
Available from: Pacific Forestry Centre
Catalog ID: 24984
Variation in the number and diversity of bark beetles in spaced mature lodgepole pine stands in the East Kootenay region of British Columbia was analyzed in relation to location (site), spacing treatment and years following treatment. We analyzed the number of bark beetles and the number of bark beetle species that emerged from stumps or were captured in flight traps in the first five years following spacing. We also investigated the incidence of bark beetle attacks on the remaining trees and the mean dates of emergence from stumps and of capture in flight traps for the common species. Observations were made on three sites, each having three treatments: 4 m X 4 m spacing, 5 m X 5 m spacing, and an untreated control. The mean density of bark beetles emerged from stumps was different among sites and years but not between spacing treatments. There was no statistically significant variation in the number of bark beetle species captured in flight traps by site, spacing treatment, years, or spacing treatment and years. Significantly more bark beetles were captured in the 4 m X 4 m spacing treatment than in the control. The number of bark beetles captured was the highest in the first 2 years following treatment. Up to 26 species of bark beetles, excluding ambrosia beetles, were captured in flight barrier traps. There was no difference in species diversity by site or treatment indicating that species diversity in mature lodgepole pine is relatively stable over large areas. Of the 213 trees that sustained at least 10 attacks by bark beetles on the lower 2 m of the bole, 59.1% occurred in the spaced plots but only 18.2% of those were successful, versus 74.7% success in the infested trees in the control plots. The majority of infested trees contained Ips sp., Dendroctonus valens and D. murrayanae. Of the seven trees attacked by mountain pine beetle (D. ponderosae) only one tree was located in a spaced plot.


holds.
As with A, we choose a tempering transform to be easily computable, and so do not actually construct T itself. The tempering is defined in the case of Mersenne Twister as
y := x ⊕ ((x >> u) & d)
y := y ⊕ ((y << s) & b)
y := y ⊕ ((y << t) & c)
z := y ⊕ (y >> l)
where x is the next value from the series, y a temporary intermediate value, z the value returned from the algorithm, with <<, >> as the bitwise left and right shifts, and & as the bitwise and. The first and last transforms are added in order to improve lower-bit equidistribution. From the property of TGFSR, s + t \ge \lfloor w/2 \rfloor - 1 is required to reach the upper bound of equidistribution for the upper bits.
The coefficients for MT19937 are:
 - (w, n, m, r) = (32, 624, 397, 31)
 - a = 9908B0DF16
 - (u, d) = (11, FFFFFFFF16)
 - (s, b) = (7, 9D2C568016)
 - (t, c) = (15, EFC6000016)
 - l = 18
Note that 32-bit implementations of the Mersenne Twister generally have d = FFFFFFFF16. As a result, the d is occasionally omitted from the algorithm description, since the bitwise and with d in that case has no effect.
The coefficients for MT19937-64 are:[42]
 - (w, n, m, r) = (64, 312, 156, 31)
 - a = B5026F5AA96619E916
 - (u, d) = (29, 555555555555555516)
 - (s, b) = (17, 71D67FFFEDA6000016)
 - (t, c) = (37, FFF7EEE00000000016)
 - l = 43
As should be apparent from the above description, the state needed for a Mersenne Twister implementation is an array of n values of w bits each. To initialize the array, a w-bit seed value is used to supply x0 through xn − 1 by setting x0 to the seed value and thereafter setting
xi = f × (xi-1 ⊕ (xi-1 >> (w-2))) + i
for i from 1 to n-1. The first value the algorithm then generates is based on xn. The constant f forms another parameter to the generator, though not part of the algorithm proper. The value for f for MT19937 is _PHONE_ and for MT19937-64 is 6364136223846793005.[43]
Comparison with classical GFSR[edit]
In order to achieve the 2nw − r − 1 theoretical upper limit of the period in a TGFSR, φB(t) must be a primitive polynomial, φB(t) being the characteristic polynomial of
B = \begin{pmatrix}
0 & I_{w} & \cdots & 0 & 0 \\
\vdots & & & & \\
I_{w} & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\
\vdots & & & & \\
0 & 0 & \cdots & I_{w} & 0 \\
0 & 0 & \cdots & 0 & I_{w - r} \\
S & 0 & \cdots & 0 & 0
\\ \\ \leftarrow m\hbox{-th row} \\ \\ \\ \\
S = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & I_{r} \\ I_{w - r} & 0 \end{pmatrix} A
The twist transformation improves the classical GFSR with the following key properties:
 - The period reaches the theoretical upper limit 2nw − r − 1 (except if initialized with 0)
 - Equidistribution in n dimensions (e.g. linear congruential generators can at best manage reasonable distribution in five dimensions)
The following piece of pseudocode implements the general Mersenne Twister algorithm. The constants w, n, m, r, a, u, d, s, b, t, c, l, and f are as in the algorithm description above. It is assumed that int represents a type sufficient to hold values with w bits:
 // Create a length n array to store the state of the generator
 int[0..n-1] MT
 int index := n+1
 const int lower_mask = (1 << r) - 1 // That is, the binary number of r 1's
 const int upper_mask = lowest w bits of (not lower_mask)
 // Initialize the generator from a seed
 function seed_mt(int seed) {
 index := n
 MT[0] := seed
 for i from 1 to (n - 1) { // loop over each element
 MT[i] := lowest w bits of (f * (MT[i-1] xor (MT[i-1] >> (w-2))) + i)
 // Extract a tempered value based on MT[index]
 // calling twist() every n numbers
 function extract_number() {
 if index >= n {
 if index > n {
 error "Generator was never seeded"
 // Alternatively, seed with constant value; 5489 is used in reference C code[44]
 int y := MT[index]
 y := y xor ((y >> u) and d)
 y := y xor ((y << s) and b)
 y := y xor ((y << t) and c)
 y := y xor (y >> l)
 index := index + 1
 return lowest w bits of (y)
 // Generate the next n values from the series x_i
 function twist() {
 for i from 0 to (n-1) {
 int x := (MT[i] and upper_mask)
 + (MT[(i+1) mod n] and lower_mask)
 int xA := x >> 1
 if (x mod 2)!= 0 { // lowest bit of x is 1
 xA := xA xor a
 MT[i] := MT[(i + m) mod n] xor xA
 index := 0
Python implementation[edit]
This python implementation hard-codes the constants for MT19937:
def _int32(x):
 # Get the 32 least significant bits.
 return int(0xFFFFFFFF & x)
class MT19937:
 def __init__(self, seed):
 # Initialize the index to 0
 self.index = 624 = [0] * 624[0] = seed # Initialize the initial state to the seed
 for i in range(1, 624):
 [i] = _int32(
 _PHONE_ * ([i - 1] ^[i - 1] >> 30) + i)
 def extract_number(self):
 if self.index >= 624:
 y =[self.index]
 # Right shift by 11 bits
 y = y ^ y >> 11
 # Shift y left by 7 and take the bitwise and of _PHONE_
 y = y ^ y << 7 & _PHONE_
 # Shift y left by 15 and take the bitwise and of y and _PHONE_
 y = y ^ y << 15 & _PHONE_
 # Right shift by 18 bits
 y = y ^ y >> 18
 self.index = self.index + 1
 return _int32(y)
 def twist(self):
 for i in range(0, 624):
 # Get the most significant bit and add it to the less significant
 # bits of the next number
 y = _int32(([i] & 0x80000000) +
 ([(i + 1) % 624] & 0x7fffffff))
 [i] =[(i + 397) % 624] ^ y >> 1
 if y % 2!= 0:
 [i] =[i] ^ 0x9908b0df
 self.index = 0
SFMT, the single instruction, multiple data-oriented fast Mersenne Twister, is a variant of Mersenne Twister, introduced in 2006,[45] designed to be fast when it runs on 128-bit SIMD.
Intel SSE2 and PowerPC AltiVec are supported by SFMT. It is also used for games with the Cell BE in the PlayStation 3.[47]
MTGP is a variant of Mersenne Twister optimised for graphics processing units published by Mutsuo Saito and Makoto Matsumoto.[48] The basic linear recurrence operations are extended from MT and parameters are chosen to allow many threads to compute the recursion in parallel, while sharing their state space to


text: Time-hopping (TH) is a communications signal technique which can be used to achieve anti-jamming (AJ) or low probability of intercept (LPI). It can also refer to pulse-position modulation, which in its simplest form employs 2k discrete pulses (referring to the unique positions of the pulse within the transmission window) to transmit k bit(s) per pulse. To achieve LPI, the transmission time is changed randomly by varying the period and duty cycle of the pulse (carrier) using a pseudo-random sequence. The transmitted signal will then have intermittent start and stop times. Although often used to form hybrid spread-spectrum (SS) systems, TH is strictly speaking a non-SS technique. Spreading of the spectrum is caused by other factors associated with TH, such as using pulses with low duty cycle having a wide frequency response. An example of hybrid SS is TH-FHSS or hybrid TDMA (time division multiple access).


text:
Every one wants to feel skilled and valued. The best way to motivate some one is to make them feel skilled and valued. This is especially important for young athletes who are just learning the skills and strategies of a sport.
The key to motivating young athletes is to point out their successes, encourage them to improve, and teach them needed skills. The following are strategies coaches can use to create an ideal atmosphere to motivate athletes:
1. Monitor your feedback to athletes
- Let athletes know what they do well as well as what needs improvement (e.g., good hustle, nice effort, good catch, way to be in the right place).
- Minimize punishment or criticism – this does not mean to ignore mistakes; rather use instruction and encouragement to help athletes improve.
2. Individualize athlete feedback
- Respond to mistakes based on the athlete's current ability. In youth sport, skills may vary widely. Not all athletes should be held to the same standard. Instead, expect all athletes to show effort and improvement.
- Reward athletes when you see improvement
- Reward athletes who are trying hard and who are hustling
3. Encourage teamwork.
- Use drills where athletes have to work together to meet your goals.
- Reward athletes for encouraging and helping each other.
Benefits of using these Strategies
- Athletes will be motivated to continue improving and trying hard
- Athletes will be more confident as the coach points out their improvements and successes
- Team cohesion will improve
- Athletes won't be afraid of making mistakes (which may make them tentative or lead to making mistakes)
- Practices and games will be more fun
- Athletes' skills will improve as they get more instruction


There Lived a Man Who Sailed to Sea
The human mind is endlessly forming associations, caused by a vast array of triggers. Tracey believes that colour is one such trigger, and questioned whether people could still guess the origin of an image if it was represented in a visually abstract manner.
In There Lived a Man Who Sailed to Sea, Tracey took seven colours from The Beatles' Yellow Submarine album cover and transcribed the opening bars ("In the town where I was born, lived a man who sailed to sea"). Using the formula 1000 pixels : 1 crotchet of musical notation, Tracey presents the lyrics as a visual score, where each colour represents a different note.
In his publication Non-Places: An Introduction to Supermodernity, Marc Augé provides the example of an airport being a non-place; it is neither here nor there, it is between destinations. Similarly, Tracey thought of the sea as a perfect non-place, but further, believed John Lennon could also be categorised as such: he does not live, but he is far from dead. His impact on this world remains, and he, too, exists in the realm of the non-place.
Yellow Submarine
Leave a Reply
You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change )
Google photo
Twitter picture
Facebook photo
Connecting to %s


text:
Blind woman vocabulary lesson | University of Illinois Archives
Blind woman vocabulary lesson
An instructor places an object in a blind woman's hand so as to familiarize her with it.
University of Illinois Archives
Director's Office Photograph File, 1956-88 Series 1: Photographs Box 1 Folder 12: Physical Therapy and Functional Training, 1963-88
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Rehabilitation Education Services Division
Copyright of this image is held by the University of Illinois. Please contact us if you would like to purchase a high-resolution copy of the image.


text:
Appreciation for the Opportunities We Have Today
Performing genealogy and local history research gives me an appreciation for many of the opportunities I have today. For most adults, attending school as a child and learning to read and write are skills we take for granted. Such was not the case for many of our ancestors. For many, educational opportunities were few to non-existent. When educational opportunities did exist, many people could not take advantage of them because the daily tasks of providing food, shelter and clothing often took precedence over receiving an education.
A few years ago while visiting a cousin who agreed to share information on my Woolfolk ancestors; I had an experience that caused me to reflect upon my life. One of the items my cousin shared with me was a letter written in 1906 by Lucy Jane Woolfolk Ellis, the sister of my great grandfather, Overton Woolfolk. Lucy Jane was born in 1875, a little more than ten years after the end of slavery. According to the 1900 census, Lucy Jane could not read or write so the letter may have been written for her by someone else.
Lucy Jane Woolfolk Ellis Letter – 1906
Reading the letter was a stark reminder of the value of education. The letter did not contain any punctuation and was filled with so many grammatical and spelling errors that it was almost impossible to read. After almost an hour, I was able to decipher the letter and learned some valuable information about my Woolfolk ancestors.
Like many of my contemporaries, I never give a second thought to the fact that I can read and write. I am cognizant of the educational opportunities I have received and appreciate how those opportunities have greatly enhanced my life. However, I don't think I am special. Lucy Jane's letter made me pause and really appreciate all that I have and how far all of the Woolfolk descendants have come.
This experience illustrates the importance of family and community history. I believe people who understand the past have a better appreciation for what they have today and will feel a responsibility for continuing the legacy and making the future better for the next generation. As family and community historians we must continue to preserve the past and encourage the next generation to take advantage of all the opportunities afforded them.


text:
Thu January 12, 2012
Mine's Smaller! Claim About Tiny Frog Is Challenged
Sure, it's tiny. But is it the tiniest?
There's a frog in Papua New Guinea that researchers announced this week is "the smallest known vertebrate species" (that is, a creature with a spine).
It's so small, in fact, that the picture posted by the journal PLoS One with the scientists' report shows the little Paedophryne amauensis sitting on a dime with plenty of room to spare.
The discoverers say the frog's average body length is 7.7 mm (about three-tenths of an inch).
And now comes the challenge. According to The Associated Press:
"The males of a species of deep-sea anglerfish are about 2 mm smaller, said University of Washington ichthyologist Theodore Pietsch, who described them in 2006. The males don't have stomachs and live as parasites on 1.8-inch (4.57-centimeter)-long females."
[We'll say it before someone else does: Guys would do that, wouldn't they?]
Louisiana State University herpetologist and environmental biologist Christopher Austinm, who discovered the little frogs, tells the AP "he knew about the anglerfish but felt that average species size [including males and females] made more sense for comparison."
As for the frogs, the BBC says finding them "was not an easy assignment. They are well camouflaged among leaves on the forest floor, and have evolved calls resembling those of insects, making them hard to spot."
If you'd like to hear the short clicking sound the frogs make, check this interactive webpage from the AP.
(H/T to NPR.org's Scott Neuman.)


20 Astonishing Vajrasana Benefits And Instruction To Do It
vajrasana benefits
vajrasana benefits
Source :- sepalika. com
Vajrasana composed of two words of Sanskrit "Vajra" and "Asana". "Vajra" means thundering in the sky. Here the thunderbolt means the dominant or thunderbolt, whereas "Asana" means the pose. Therefore, Vajrasana means the yogic posture that makes the body stronger as diamond. Vajrasana is also called Diamond Pose or Thunderbolt pose. Vajrasana benefits are countless as it makes the body healthy and strong, helps in improving digestion and strengthens legs too.
This seat is very beneficial for your digestive system. This is probably the only posture that can be done after eating food and by which your digestion improves. This article describes the ways and means of doing Vajrasana posture. Due to this asana, the problems of the digestion are removed from the root. In this article, we will tell you about the way to practice it and the vajrasana benefits.
Step By Step instruction to do Vajrasana
Source :- wellnessdose. com
Step By Step instruction to do Vajrasana
The way to practice the vajrasana is as follows:
 - Sit on the knees bent on the ground
 - Combine your big toe fingers and keep ankles apart
 - Sit on the soles of the feet such as the buttocks and the sole of the feet are touching the outer part of the buttocks.
 - Place your hands on the knees. Keep palms downwards.
 - The back and head should be straight, but they should not be tense.
 - Do not turn the spinal cord backward too much.
 - Close your eyes let the hands and the whole body feel comfortable.
 - Breathe normally and focus on breathing.
 - Take Vajrasana for as long as possible – Make this easy for at least 5 minutes to increase the digestion process, especially after the meal immediately.
In cases of acute digestive disorder, do vegans for 100 breaths before and after meals
Recommended Articles :-
Vajrasana benefits
Source :- stylesatlife. com
Vajrasana benefits:
The vajrasana benefits are as follows:
 1. Vajrasana strengthens pelvic muscles by changing the flow of blood and nerve impulses in the pelvic region.
 2. It prevents a hernia and also helps in relieving hemorrhoids.
 3. It improves the whole digestive tract, relieves stomach disorders such as acidity and peptic ulcer.
 4. Vajrasana benefits reduce blood flow in the genitals and massage the nerve fibers which make them active, which is useful in the treatment of testicles of men.
 5. It helps in the delivery of the child.
 6. Vajrasana is a very important posture for meditation because the body becomes absolutely straightforward without effort.
 7. This is the best meditation posture for those suffering from sciatica (cystic).
 8. Vajrasana is beneficial for the body's strength and peace of mind
 9. Vajrasana ends all diseases of the stomach
 10. It is also beneficial in the problem of gas
 11. Vajrasana also improves the problems associated with women such as menstrual problems.
 12. Vajrasana not only enhances digestion, but it relaxes in the lower back pain.
 13. In Vajrasana, the body passes through such condition which causes pressure on the central part of the body, which increases the digestion power and eliminates the contraption
 14. Vajrasana is very beneficial for those people who work by standing throughout the day, after a time, people begin to complain of back pain, such people should be energetic. It combines and reduces the pressure of the muscles.
 15. Deep breathing and long breathing are advised during Vajrasana, which ends with respiratory problems
 16. Vajrasana activates the muscles, pulls them into pulling and also improves metabolism, which helps in weight reduction.
 17. Vajrasana also removes the problem of blood pressure by correcting blood circulation.
 18. Due to the digestion of the body, the person gets rid of skin related diseases. This posture makes the toxins out of the body and skin so that the skin becomes soft, smooth and the face glows.
 19. It helps stretch the ankle, buttocks, and knees. Because of this, the whole body is toned and the health is good. Apart from this, the Vajrasana gives the benefit of both exercise and meditation together.
 20. There are many reasons behind the mood swing of a person. The gastrointestinal tract is healthy due to Vajrasana, which produces good hormones in the body and helps in maintaining a good mood.
Please enter your comment!
Please enter your name here


text:
are behind a network address translator (NAT). This means that several PCs will share a public IP address. Furthermore, some systems, such as Tor, are designed to retain Internet anonymity, rendering tracking by IP address impractical, impossible, or a security risk.
URL (query string)
A more precise technique is based on embedding information into URLs. The query string part of the URL is the one that is typically used for this purpose, but other parts can be used as well. The Java Servlet and PHP session mechanisms both use this method if cookies are not enabled.
This method consists of the Web server appending query strings to the links of a Web page it holds when sending it to a browser. When the user follows a link, the browser returns the attached query string to the server.
Query strings used in this way and cookies are very similar, both being arbitrary pieces of information chosen by the server and sent back by the browser. However, there are some differences: since a query string is part of a URL, if that URL is later reused, the same attached piece of information is sent to the server. For example, if the preferences of a user are encoded in the query string of a URL and the user sends this URL to another user by e-mail, those preferences will be used for that other user as well.
Moreover, even if the same user accesses the same page two times, there is no guarantee that the same query string is used in both views. For example, if the same user arrives to the same page but coming from a page internal to the site the first time and from an external search engine the second time, the relative query strings are typically different while the cookies would be the same. For more details, see query string.
Other drawbacks of query strings are related to security: storing data that identifies a session in a query string enables or simplifies session fixation attacks, referrer logging attacks and other security exploits. Transferring session identifiers as HTTP cookies is more secure.
Hidden form fields
Another form of session tracking is to use web forms with hidden fields. This technique is very similar to using URL query strings to hold the information and has many of the same advantages and drawbacks; and if the form is handled with the HTTP GET method, the fields actually become part of the URL the browser will send upon form submission. But most forms are handled with HTTP POST, which causes the form information, including the hidden fields, to be appended as extra input that is neither part of the URL, nor of a cookie.
This approach presents two advantages from the point of view of the tracker: first, having the tracking information placed in the HTML source and POST input rather than in the URL means it will not be noticed by the average user; second, the session information is not copied when the user copies the URL (to save the page on disk or send it via email, for example).
This method can be easily used with any framework that supports web forms.
The downside is that every separate window or tab will initially have an empty window.name; in times of tabbed browsing this means that individually opened tabs (initiation by user) will not have a window name. Furthermore window.name can be used for tracking visitors across different websites, making it of concern for Internet privacy.
In some respects this can be more secure than cookies due to not involving the server, so it is not vulnerable to network cookie sniffing attacks. However if special measures are not taken to protect the data, it is vulnerable to other attacks because the data is available across different websites opened in the same window or tab.
HTTP authentication
The HTTP protocol includes the basic access authentication and the digest access authentication protocols, which allow access to a Web page only when the user has provided the correct username and password. If the server requires such credentials for granting access to a web page, the browser requests them from the user and, once obtained, the browser stores and sends them in every subsequent page request. This information can be used to track the user.
See also
- Dynamic HTML
- Local Shared Object – Flash Cookies
- Session Beans
- Session (computer science)
- Session ID
- Web server session management
- Web Storage and DOM Storage
- Web visitor tracking
- Zombie cookie
- "HTTP State Management Mechanism – Overview". IETF. April 2011.
- Penenberg, Adam; Cookie Monsters, Slate, November 7, 2005. "Cookies are not software. They can't be programmed, can't carry viruses, and can't unleash malware to go wilding through your hard drive."
- "New net rules set to make cookies crumble". BBC. 2011-03-08.
- "Sen. Rockefeller: Get Ready for a Real Do-Not-Track Bill for Online Advertising". Adage.com. 2011-05-06.
- Peng, Weihong; Cisna, Jennifer (2000). "HTTP cookies - a promising technology". Proquest. Online Information Review. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
- Vamosi, Robert (2008-04-14). "Gmail cookie stolen via Google Spreadsheets".
- Schwartz, John (2001-09-04). "Giving Web a Memory Cost Its Users Privacy". The New York Times.
- Kesan, Jey; and Shah, Rajiv ; Deconstructing Code, SSRN.com, chapter II.B (Netscape's cookies), Yale Journal of Law and Technology, 6, 277–389
- Kristol, David; HTTP Cookies: Standards, privacy, and politics, ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 1(2), 151–198, 2001 doi:10.1145/502152.502153 (an expanded version is freely available at arXiv:cs/0105018v1 [cs.SE])
- "Press Release: Netscape Communications Offers New Network Navigator Free On The Internet". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 2006-12-07. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
- "Usenet Post by Marc Andreessen: Here it is, world!". Groups.google.com. 1994-10-13. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
- Hardmeier, Sandi (2005-08-25). "The history of Internet Explorer". Microsoft. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- Jackson, T (1996-02-12). "This Bug in Your PC is a Smart Cookie". Financial Times.
- "Maintaining session state with cookies". Microsoft Developer Network. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
- Rouse, Margaret (September 2005). "Transient cookie (session cookie)". SearchSOA. TechTarget. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
- OWASP Browsers Supporting HttpOnly
- IETF HTTP State Management Mechanism – Apr, 2011 Obsoletes RFC 2965
- Böttiger, Arvid (2011). "HTTP-Only cookies - Brought to you by Internet Explorer 6".
- Mayer, Jonathan. "Tracking the Trackers: Microsoft Advertising". The Center for Internet and Society. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
- Burt, David. "Update on the issue of 'supercookies' used on MSN". Retrieved 28 September 2011.
- Jim Manico quoting Daniel Stenberg, Real world cookie length limits
- "Persistent client state HTTP cookies: Preliminary specification". Netscape. c1999. Archived from the original on 2007-08-05.
- RFC 2965 – HTTP State Management Mechanism (IETF)
- "Cookie Property". MSDN. Microsoft. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- Shannon, Ross (2007-02-26). "Cookies — set and retrieve information about your readers". HTMLSource. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- Innovative, Php (2011-09-02). "Sharing Cookies Between Multiple Domains". InnovativePhp. Retrieved 2011-09-02.
- RFC 2616 - Hypertext Transfer Protocol - HTTP/1.1
- Symantec Internet Security Threat Report: Trends for July–December 2007 (Executive Summary) (PDF) XIII. Symantec Corp. April 2008. pp. 1–3. Retrieved May 11, 2008.
- Whalen, David (June 8, 2002). "The Unofficial Cookie FAQ v2.6". Cookie Central. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- "3rd-Party Cookies, DOM Storage and Privacy". grack.com: Matt Mastracci's blog. January 6, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
- "How to Manage Cookies in Internet Explorer 6". Microsoft. December 18, 2007. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- "Clearing private data". Firefox Support Knowledge base. Mozilla. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- "Clear Personal Information : Clear browsing data". Google Chrome Help. Google. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- "Clear Personal Information: Delete cookies". Google Chrome Help. Google. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- "Site Compatibility for Firefox 22", Mozilla Developer Network, 2013-04-11
- Miyazaki, Anthony D. (2008), "Online Privacy and the Disclosure of Cookie Use: Effects on Consumer Trust and Anticipated Patronage," Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 23 (Spring), 19–33
- "CIA Caught Sneaking Cookies". CBS News. 2002-03-20.
- "Spy


text:
'Dead Sea Drying' – An Ancient Pattern (INN) ISRAEL NATIONAL NEWS) By Chana Ya'ar 04/16/12)
INN} ISRAEL NATIONAL NEWS
INN} ISRAEL NATIONAL NEWS Articles-Index-Top
Environmentalists are increasingly concerned about the Dead Sea
drying up – but Tel Aviv University scientists say the pattern is one
as old as time itself.
Researchers under the direction of Professor Zvi Ben-Avraham of TAU's
Minerva Dead Sea Research Center, and Professor Mordechai stein of
the Geological Survey of Israel have found the phenomenon is not new.
The scientists drilled 460 meters beneath the sea floor and extracted
sediments spanning 200,000 years that revealed past climatic
The layers of salt showed a number of periods of dryness with sparse
rainfall, causing water to recede and salt to gather at the center of
According to the scientists, the sea has come close to drying up
entirely at least twice in the past, most recently 13,000 years ago.
This time, however, the threat is man-made, warned Ben-Avraham. "What
we see happening in the Middle East is something that mimics a severe
dry period, but this is not climate-enforced, this is a man-made
phenomenon," he said.
Water is being taken from the sea at its southern tip by the Dead Sea
Works factory for chemical processing, and from northern rivers for
irrigation before it ever reaches the body of water.
At present, the water level of the Dead Sea rests at 426 meters below
sea level, and is dropping by at least one meter per year.
(IsraelNationalNews © 2012 04/16/12)
Return to Top
MATERIAL REPRODUCED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY


text:
Roamer for students 3 to 5 years old
This is the simplest of the standard Roamers. It uses counting to determine the number of moves to make or how long to wait. It turns in quarter turns. It also has four user keys that the teacher can set up. So for example if you are doing project about dogs, you can add a dog bark to the Roamer's capability.
Integrating into Traditional Activities
First created for the Classic Roamer these 12 Activities have proven popular for over a decade. They show how Roamer adds value to normal school work. The Pack includes well-known rhymes like Mary had a Little Lamb; One, Two, Buckle My Shoe and Three Blind Mice. The tasks help students understand the meaning of the words and their sequence. It does this in a way that tacitly helps them develop mathematical and coding skills. The package comes with worksheets.


text:
Family therapy in Inverness, Highlands
Family therapy is about helping families and 'family like groups' find ways to improve things as a family unit using constructive methods. At our Inverness centre, our experienced family therapists will work with all members of the family – young and old – helping you explore ways to move forward as a family unit and providing support as you make changes.
Can family therapy help my family?
There are a number of common issues that can have a huge impact on family relationships. Our family therapists are particularly experienced at supporting families experiencing the following issues:
- Family life / relationship changes
- Parenting issues
- Emotional difficulties after bereavement
- Eating disorders
- Couple relationship problems
- Separation / divorce
- Adolescent or child behaviours, e.g. attention issues and over-activity
- Adolescent / child mental health
- Adult mental health
- Adoption and fostering
- Social policy, such as child protection
- Domestic violence
- Post-trauma problems
- Drugs and alcohol abuse
Sometimes if an individual or couple within the family is experiencing particular difficulties, we may suggest individual or couples therapy for them in addition to attending family therapy. We are able to offer a range of therapy options at our Inverness centre including therapy for children or young people.


How to Deal with Huge Log Files in Linux
If you've managed a Linux server for any length of time, you're familiar with the problem of log files. They can sometimes be difficult enough to even find in the first place, and then you're sometimes confronted with a file that's hundreds of MB in size (or even GB). Searching through it is a pain, and they can eventually even start eating up your storage space.
This tutorial will show you how to deal with this problem. We're going to make use of the inbuilt Linux package for system logs that's already in place. This means you don't need to install any new packages! All you need to know is how to add the configuration for your own log files.
Seeing How Linux Logs are Rotated with logrotate
There are a bunch of system log files in the following location:
In the screenshot below, I list all the files in that directory and show the file size in MB:
Log files with date stamp
As you can see, there are lots of large log files that are datestamped. These are generated by the "logrotate" by default. Looking at the timestamps, we can see that they're generated once every seven days. So for each log file here, logrotate does the following:
 1. Renames the log file with a timestamp
 2. Creates a new empty log file with the same name as before
Checking Logrotate's Default Configuration
Logrotate checks the following file for its configuration:
In this, we can see that it gets all the important information about:
 1. How often it should rotate the logs
 2. How many backups should it keep
 3. What kind of suffix it should add to the old logs
 4. Whether or not it should compress them
 5. etc…
Here's a screenshot of the logrotate configuration file:
Logrotate Default Configuration, Allow Compression
By default, the old log files are not compressed. You can change this by simply uncommenting the "compress" directive as shown above.
Adding Files to logrotate
How does logrotate know which logs to work on? The files in this directory:
For example, in our "secure" log that we saw in the first screenshot, we can figure out which file in logrotate.d contains it by using a simple grep command, as detailed in our guide on grep for advanced users:
grep -r secure /etc/logrotate.d
The screenshot below reveals which file is responsible for the "secure" log:
Configuration File in logrotate Directory
Opening "syslog", we can see that it tells logrotate to work on a number of files:
List of Log Files to Rotate
All of these are located in /var/log/. So each file contains:
 1. The names of the log files that it should rotate
 2. Directives specific to that particular file
 3. In the absence of directives, the defaults from logrotate.conf will be used
Creating your Own Logrotate File for your Logs
We can follow the template above to create an entry with logrotate that tells us it to process our own files in the same way.
Get the Owner and Group for your Directory
To make sure that all permissions are in place, we need logrotate to run with the appropriate permissions. Navigate to the directory that contains the log file(s) you want to process and get the owner as well as the group using this command:
ls -l -d
For example, the /var/log directory has the owner as" root", and the group as "root" as well:
Get Directory Owner and Group.
Create a Logrotate File with the Configuration
Next, create a new file in /etc/logrotate.d/ and paste the following sample configuration into it:
/var/log/newlogfile {
size 10M
su root root
Replace /var/log/newlogfile with the location of your own log file. Also, replace su root root with the owner and group name you got in the previous step. Here's a list of logrotate directives you can use. The "delaycompress" directive tells logrotate to only compress files that are 2 versions old, or older. This way you have quick and easy access to the most recently compressed log file.
You can also use the following lines within the curly brackets block to run scripts after and before your log files are rotated:
// scripts for post rotation go here
As you can see, Linux has a complete solution for log file rotation. All you need to do is add a few lines of code to the existing framework, and your own log files can be rotated without any hassles!
If you are one of our managed VPS hosting clients, you can simply ask our system administrators to deal with huge files on your Linux server. They are available 24/7 and will take care of your request immediately.
If you find this blog post useful, please share it with your friends via social media networks, or if you have any question please leave a comment below and we will reply to it. Thanks!
1 thought on "How to Deal with Huge (and Growing) Log Files in Linux"
 1. Log files always create too much temporary files and after sometime its become the mess to handle them, I'll going to try this today. thanks for sharing. if it works I'll let you know.
Leave a Comment
To prove you are human please solve the following *