Danganronpa 2 (PSV) - Review
By Karl Koebke, August 10, 2014
Eschewing the school setting from the first game, Danganronpa 2's tropical island setting features a whole new cast (for the most part). Sixteen students, with talents ranging from a budding chef to a Princess, have been dragged to this island by a strange rabbit-like robot called Usami. Surprisingly, there's nothing sinister in Usami's intentions, and although the students were drugged and dragged along against their will, they need only learn about each other in harmony in order to return home safe and well. This would make for a rather dull murder mystery title, but fortunately it isn't long before Monokuma shows his face, takes control of the island from Usami, and begins the killing games once again.
Once things finally kick off, the gameplay in Danganronpa 2 is similar to the first. During off days you can wander around the island and spend time with your classmates to learn more about them, with new areas opening up for exploration after each chapter. Learning about your classmates isn't just for exposition's sake; it also nets you 'hope' fragments, which you can trade into Usami for skills that will help during the eventual classroom trials. After a murder occurs you'll be tasked with looking for clues as to who the culprit is and the story will not move on until you have found everything necessary to proceed. The challenge comes from thinking about each clue you find so you know where to use it in the upcoming classroom trial.
The other half of Danganronpa 2's gameplay is centered around the aforementioned classroom trials. Clues you have collected become ammunition which you can use to try to disprove yellow colored statements or support blue colored statements made during arguments between your fellow students. The PlayStation Vita's touchscreen is perfectly matched for these sections and later in the game you'll make use of both the front and back touch pads to clear away white noise before firing off your "truth bullet". Incorrect use of the clues is punished by decreasing a life bar, which is meant to represent the level of trust your other classmates have in you. If their level of trust in you falls too low then they'll suspect that you're the killer and will vote accordingly (although you can quickly restart from the section that you failed).
Danganronpa 2 Review August 10 2014 5
Usually this gameplay set-up works well, but every now and then I knew the answer to the question being brought before the group but I couldn't get the correct combination of clue and statement to move things along. Sometimes I even had to resort to trial and error, which might be a failure on my part but perhaps also indicates poor gameplay design for certain sections. The failure scene should also be adjusted for certain scenarios. For example, it doesn't make sense for your classmates to vote for you if you've worked through all but the final details of the case. Why would they turn around and vote for you, simply because you had trouble with your closing arguments, in the full knowledge that such a vote would doom them all to death? In a game where the narrative is a vital component of the gameplay, more effort should be put into making sure that these sections, which remind you that you're playing a structured game, are blended into the background more seamlessly.
Classroom trials don't just consist of group-based debates, but are comprised of a number of other mini-games as well. Many of these are repeated from the first game with a couple changes and new minigames added in, but there are two major improvements I'd like to focus on. Firstly, while Hangman's goal is still pretty much the same, the new and improved version turns it into a puzzle game in which letters are floating along on the screen. You can pick up and drop any one letter in order to match up pairs of letters but must keep incompatible pairs from hitting one another as they will damage your health/trust meter. Secondly, Logic Drive is a brand new game where the player delves into their own mind in order to answer a series of questions. This mini-game takes the form of a snowboarding game on a cylindrical course, and later levels are actually quite challenging on the harder difficulty setting, but the questions being asked are always fairly obvious. Both of these additions help to bring an added layer of challenge to the series, albeit not one usually based on the murder mystery at hand.
Danganronpa 2 Review August 10 2014 4
The storyline is definitely the strongest part of Danganronpa 2, and that's largely because of the insane, unique characters and intriguing twists and turns in the narrative. Even in the very first case you find that things are never as they seem and I don't recall a single murder that played out exactly as I thought it would during the investigation. You'll often get an idea of how the crime occurred from the various clues you gather but they are always so intricate you'll likely never guess how the murder played out in its entirety. Part of the fun of the classroom trials comes from working through the case alongside other characters, piecing everything together. This feeling is heightened more and more as the main storyline of your classmates and their position in relation to events set up in the previous game is filled out. If you haven't played the first game then I highly recommend doing so, as numerous references are made to the events of that first title, but it's not necessary to have played Danganronpa to understand the thrust of events in this sequel.
Danganronpa continues to be one of the few video game series that legitimately makes me feel sad when certain characters die. All of the Ultimates are interesting - each having mastered a particular field and having an original background - that learning about them is one of the series' great strength. Thankfully, once you complete the main storyline other modes unlock that let you delve deeper into these characters that you've become attached to over the course of your playthrough.
Presentationally, Danganronpa 2 is much the same as its predecessor, which means lots of catchy music and dialogue scenes that are presented via character stills. The pop-up effect from the two dimensional props in each area you enter remain endearing, and I can appreciate the need to keep costs down, but I do hope future games become less afraid to use animated scenes because I feel the game could really benefit from more of them. There were, for example, a couple of key scenes in particular that would've been more impactful if they were animated.
Danganronpa 2 Review August 10 2014 3
It took me 31 hours to beat the main storyline of Danganronpa 2, but that's not all the game has to offer. Completing the main storyline unlocks three other modes. One of these modes casts the player as Usami as she tries to take down wave after wave of Monokuma's minions. This side mode is a good momentary distraction but is unlikely to hold your attention for long. The next mode is a novel set during the events of the first game, which is intriguing but also very heavy in reading compared to the main game. The third mode, however, is my favorite and the concept will be familiar to those who played the first game. In this mode the killing part of the "killing school trip" is taken out and replaced with simply managing your fellow students as they accomplish simple menial tasks. This gives you time to become friends with them and learn about every single one of your compatriots, in contrast to the main game which doesn't give you the time to do so before they're offed or caught having killed someone.
Danganronpa 2 is everything I had hoped it would be - a very high quality entry in a unique and fun series, one that I was able to experience this time without being spoiled by an anime adaptation - but it does start to show some cracks in the series' design. Despite that, I highly recommend it to anyone who owns a Vita and enjoys a good murder or two. Now let's pour out a forty on the Vita for the virtual friends we lost along the way*.
*We are not liable if you actually choose to douse your Vita in liquid
This review is based on a retail copy of Danganronpa 2 for the PSV, provided by the publisher.
gamrReview Verdict
Presentation - 9.0
Gameplay - 8.0
Value - 8.5
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The top five reasons for ethical volunteering abroad
There are plenty of reasons for volunteering abroad, but to make sure your good intentions translate into a meaningful experience, you'll need to be clear on why making an impact ethically is a top priority.
Ethical volunteer opportunities abroad offer similar opportunities to participate that other volunteer programs do, but they also ensure that every activity you take part in adds to the cause in the most responsible way.
Let's take a look at what ethical volunteer opportunities are all about and the top five reasons for ethical volunteering abroad.
What is ethical volunteering?
Ethical volunteering organisations focus on activities that are relevant to global issues and take care to implement these activities in a responsible way.
It's an approach to volunteering that means being conscious about making the best possible impact. And, it means getting involved in a way that leaves the community or environment you volunteer in, in a better condition than before.
 But, knowing whether an opportunity is ethical or not isn't always as easy as it seems.
An example of an ethical volunteering program would be one with a clear stance on animal interaction that details when it's appropriate to interact with animals and how this should be done.
A less ethical program may not have a clear stance, and might still allow volunteers to interact with animals just for fun – like allowing them to hold a turtle just to pose for a photo.
It shouldn't be hard to find out an organisation's ethical stance if they do in fact offer ethical volunteering programs. Some of these organisations even offer online short courses where you can learn about ethics before going abroad. This is a good sign that the organisation has a keen eye on ethics.
How did ethical volunteering come about?
A GVI volunteer in Thailand
After decades of research, global organisations like the United Nations (UN) were able to identify the biggest challenges faced by communities worldwide, and develop recommendations on how best to address them.
In 2016, the UN launched the UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), which put emphasis on global efforts, sustainable approaches and dynamic solutions. This global blueprint put into perspective why some volunteer efforts of the past had failed.
The UN SDGs changed the course of volunteer programs by providing a new perspective on reasons to volunteer abroad. And organisations wanting to offer the best volunteer abroad programs began to take the UN's advice.
What are the top reasons for volunteering to make an impact ethically?
Ethical volunteering can improve the volunteer experience for participants as well as the communities, animals and environments they assist. How?
Here are five of the top reasons for volunteering to make an ethical impact.
1) You'll make a sustainable impact
GVI volunteers making a sustainable impact on a teaching program
Of all the reasons for volunteering with an ethical volunteer organisation, making a sustainable impact may be the most important. Sustainable solutions are able to address the challenges faced by local communities while also preserving resources for future generations.
And sustainable programs are set up so that progress continues to be made even when volunteers are no longer around.
For example, ethical volunteer organisations make sure to partner with local organisations when getting involved in environmental conservation.
This means that local people and volunteers share knowledge and gain relevant skills that allow them to achieve global goals. So, local people would be just as capable of continuing environmental conservation efforts as volunteers would be. And since they are experts in their own context, they can help ensure that programs are set up to succeed.
2) You'll add to community development
GVI volunteer adding to sustainable community development programs
Ethics is an important part of community development. In community volunteer programs, a meaningful volunteer code of ethics sets the scene for:
 - collaboration: local communities and organisations can work together to set and achieve goals
 - equal partnerships: knowledge and responsibilities can be shared between volunteers and the community
 - support: activities can take place in a supportive environment that encourages independence and self-empowerment
 - representation: all parties are encouraged to be conscious of their actions and carry themselves in a way that encourages respectful communication and engagement.
3) You'll interact with animals responsibly
A mahout (elephant carer) standing in a field and observing an elephant from a distance.
While a community of people can speak out about what their needs are, and what they consider fair treatment, the same can't be said for animals.
Because of this, every ethical volunteering abroad program that involves animals should be necessary to further scientific and conservation goals and be implemented ethically. This is the only way to ensure that volunteers have a positive impact when it comes to the well-being of animals.
Further reading: Questions to ask when volunteering with animals.
4) You'll ground your personal development in ethics
Whether you're working with animals or getting involved in the community, programs that follow a volunteer code of ethics give you the chance to build on your personal and professional development in the best ways possible.
Further reading: How volunteering abroad can help with your personal development
gvi volunteers in cape town
Getting involved in ethical volunteering can improve the way you interact with people, and give you valuable insight into what ethics is and how it's practised in a real-world setting.
Online short courses in making an impact ethically are also a great way to add to your professional development in a way that encourages you to make ethics an inseparable part of your career.
Further reading: How to improve your employability and leadership skills by volunteering abroad
5) You'll gain a global perspective
Ethical volunteering abroad is a chance to practise ethics on a day-to-day basis. This type of volunteer work embeds the volunteer code of ethics in everything you do in the future. And, it builds on the way that you contribute towards global goals, no matter where you are in the world.
By volunteering abroad in an ethical setting, you'll leave with satisfying memories and gain an appreciation for cultures abroad. And these will stay with you once you're home and will impact the way you interact with people in your own community.
Further reading: Seven steps to becoming a global citizen.
How you can make an impact ethically
volunteers conducting a beach cleanup
While there are thousands of opportunities to volunteer abroad, not all of them can ensure an ethical volunteering experience.
It helps to know for yourself what making an impact ethically is all about, and to find out the ethical stance of the volunteer organisation you're looking to sign up with.
Learn more about making an impact ethically by joining a GVI online short course.
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Everything You've Ever Wondered About the Heimlich Maneuver
Think about something you were eating went down "the wrong tube." Often, this results in a fit of coughing that lasts until the piece of chicken or Chow Mein is expelled—it's embarrassing, but hardly a medical emergency.
Sometimes, however, these instances can really be life-threatening. Approximately 4,000 adults die from choking every year in the US, and it is a more serious cause of death among children—approximately one child dies from choking every five days in the United States.
That's the bad news. The good news is that it isn't hard to save the life of a choking victim. The Heimlich maneuver is surprisingly simple to perform. You don't need to be a medical professional—and it takes just minutes to learn how. It also has an extremely high success rate, among children and adults alike; according to an AHA report, approximately 70-86% of choking victims recovered after receiving the Heimlich maneuver.
How to Perform the Heimlich Maneuver
heimlich maneuver
Administering the Heimlich maneuver is simple and almost anyone can do it. Here are the basic steps:
 1. Stand behind the choking victim. Make a fist and place the thumb side against the person's upper abdomen, above the navel and below the ribcage.
 2. Put your other hand around the fist, and use a quick upward thrust to press into the victim's abdomen.
 3. Repeat as necessary until the object is expelled.
You can also perform the Heimlich maneuver on yourself. Simply place the thumb side of your fist above your navel and below your ribcage; wrap your other hand around it; and thrust upward quickly and repeatedly.
For added strength, you can also bend over a chair, table, or counter at waist height. Place your fist against your chest, wrap your other hand around it, and lean over the edge, putting increased pressure on the place where your fist meets your chest until the object is expelled.
The technique is slightly different if you are performing the Heimlich maneuver on a pregnant woman or an overweight person. In both cases, place your fist a bit higher, just at the breastbone where the ribs join.
child heimlich maneuver
For children over one year old, the process is similar to that of adults. You may have to kneel for smaller children, and you'll need to place your fist just above the child's belly button. You should not deliver as much force to a child as you would with an adult; don't thrust hard enough to lift the child off her feet.
heimlich on a baby
For babies younger than a year old, place the baby face-up on a flat surface. Put two fingers in the center of the baby's breastbone just below the nipple, and give a series of five fast thrusts.
The American Red Cross recommends that the rescuer give five sharp back blows with the heel of the hand, followed by five abdominal thrusts. This is true both for adults and children. Babies should be placed face-down on the forearm, angled downward, for the back blows. Be careful to support the baby's head as you do this.
History of the Heimlich Maneuver
henery heimlich
The Heimlich maneuver was invented by Henry Judah Heimlich, a thoracic surgeon born in 1920. Up until the 1970's, most people responded to choking emergencies by slapping the victim on the back. This wasn't a very effective technique, however, as it usually just forced the foreign object farther down the airway. At the time, choking was the sixth most common cause of death in the United States.
Dr. Heimlich was looking for a better way to respond to choking emergencies—one that anyone could use. In his first experiments, on dogs, he discovered that if he applied upward pressure on the diaphragm, it created a strong current of air that shot the foreign object out of the dog's throat. The maneuver works because the upward thrusts have the effect of compressing the chest cavity, forcing air out of the lungs. It is this sudden force of air that dislodges foreign objects, rather than the pressure of the thrusts themselves.
The Heimlich maneuver was intended not just for medical professionals, but also for non-medical bystanders. The reason for this is that choking robs the brain of oxygen, which can cause brain cells to die in minutes. Often, there isn't enough time for a medical team to arrive before irreversible brain damage occurs. This is much the same for victims of cardiac arrest, and why bystander CPR is so important to survival for these victims. In both cases, speed is essential to saving victims' lives.
Because he wanted to get the word out quickly, Dr. Heimlich contacted the popular press. He attracted the attention of medical reporter Arthur Snider, who agreed to cover the new development in the medical column he authored for the Chicago Daily News for a general audience. Just a week later, a newspaper in Seattle reported what could have been the first life saved via the Heimlich maneuver. Soon accounts of the Heimlich maneuver's successful use in saving the lives of choking victims had been published in newspapers all over the country. The technique was working—and people with no medical training were finding success in helping choking victims.
Dr. Heimlich's career has been both illustrious and controversial. In more recent years, he damaged his credibility by publicly promoting some ideas that were not supported by the medical community at large, such as treating drowning victims with the Heimlich maneuver and treating Lyme disease, cancer, and HIV patients by purposely infecting them with malaria.
Despite the controversies, however, Dr. Heimlich has developed a technique that has been instrumental in saving the lives of choking victims all over the world. The Heimlich maneuver is very effective and easy to learn—and could help you save a life one day.
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The international community is a phrase used in international relations in reference to themselves by the United States of America and its allies in the widest sense. It does not refer literally to all peoples, cultures and governments of the world. The term is used to imply the existence of common duties and obligations between them. Activists, politicians and commentators often use the term, in the context of calls for action to be taken against political repression and to protect human rights. (via Freebase)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
If your computer is running hot or battery is running out quickly, then it is most likely due to some application or process consuming high CPU or memory. If you keep running applications for a long time, for example, Outlook, then it continues to grow in memory consumption and does not free up memory efficiently. As a result, your computer runs out of physical memory and other applications run slower. Sometimes Outlook, browser, image editing applications or some other applications start taking full CPU as they get into some infinite loop and make your CPU hot and you get sluggish performance from your application.
CPUAlert is an application that monitors CPU and memory consumption of applications and alerts you if some application is consistently taking high CPU or high memory. It will not only save your CPU and battery's lifetime but also make your computer run smoothly and let your active applications run as fast as possible.
How to Use the Application
While it is running, if some process is consuming more than 200 MB memory, it will show you an alert:
Here you can see that my Outlook is taking 244 MB of physical RAM.
You can either postpone the alert for 5 mins (just press ESC), or ignore the process permanently so that you no longer receive alerts for the process anymore, or you can close it and reclaim memory.
The handy feature is "Restart" which closes the application and starts again. This generally frees up memory that clogs up the process.
The same alert will come up if some process is consuming more than 30% CPU for over 5 mins.
You can configure all these settings like what's the tolerable limit for CPU and memory, how frequently to show the alert, how long to wait before closing an application, etc. by right clicking on the Task bar icon and choosing Settings.
The application registers itself to start at Windows startup. If you want to remove it from Windows Startup, just delete the application shortcut from Start Menu->All Programs->Startup menu.
Using the Code
CPU Alert is a small project. The important files are:
- MonitorCPUForm.cs: This is the main window which is loaded when the app starts. It hides itself in the system tray and keeps the app running in background. It also hosts a "Settings" view which lets you change the CPU and Memory threshold, alert interval, etc. It also orchestrates the operations and shows the necessary alerts.
- KillProcessForm.cs: It has just the UI for the alert that you see in the above popup. No intelligence.
- Monitor.cs: This is the important class that does the monitoring, measurement of CPU and Memory usage and raises the alert. If you want to have this kind of feature in your application, you can reuse this class.
Let's look at the Monitor.cs class first which has the brainpower to monitor CPU and memory. It uses WMI to monitor the processes. I tried using
Process class first and tried to access the
TotalProcessorTime but it gave me "Access Denied" for processes like
mysqld. For some processes, I did not get the
WorkingSet and so on. Then I tried using
PerformanceCounter to get the CPU and Memory usage of process. It was too expensive to query Performance Counter for each process. So, I had to rely on WMI to give me the information.
private ManagementObjectSearcher _Searcher =
"SELECT IDProcess, Name, PercentProcessorTime, Description,
WorkingSet FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process");
private List GetUsage()
var processes = new List();
foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in _Searcher.Get())
var process = new ProcessInfo
Id = Convert.ToInt32(queryObj["IDProcess"]),
Name = Convert.ToString(queryObj["Name"]),
CpuUsage = Convert.ToInt32(queryObj["PercentProcessorTime"]),
Description = Convert.ToString(queryObj["Description"]),
WorkingSet = Convert.ToInt64(queryObj["WorkingSet"]),
process.Title = process.Name;
process.Title = process.Description;
if (process.Id > 0)
Pretty straight forward. The only cool thing to learn here is I declared the
ManageObjectSearcher as a
private variable, not a local variable to this function because it seems creating and disposing it every time the
GetUsage function is called is very expensive. CPU was getting 20% for about 30 seconds on
WMIpserv.exe whenever I tried to create and dispose the searcher.
Closing a process turned out to be a R&D challenge. You can kill a process by calling
Process.Kill, but that terminates the process abnormally. If you are killing Outlook this way, it causes data corruption. So, you have to gracefully close the application. However, if some app is stuck and taking 100% CPU, trying to close it gracefully does not work. You have to take drastic measures. In that case, killing it is only the solution.
So, first I try to close the process gently:
private void CloseProcess(ProcessInfo processToKill)
Process process = Process.GetProcessById(processToKill.Id);
processToKill.Path = process.MainModule.FileName;
catch (Exception closeException)
if (MessageBox.Show(this, "Unable to close process: "
+ (processToKill.Title) + Environment.NewLine
+ closeException.Message + Environment.NewLine
+ "Do you want to kill it?", "Unable to close process",
MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Warning) == DialogResult.Yes)
Here it calls the
Process.CloseMainWindow function to send a shutdown message to the process. If the process has a visual window, it will receive the message and hopefully it will close itself soon. If there's no visual window, then it will not receive the message and it will not shutdown. So, we will have to kill it.
Even if some process receives the shutdown message, it may not terminate properly if it's stuck in some infinite loop. In that case, we need to check back after a while if it's still running and then kill it.
private void KillProcess(ProcessInfo processToKill)
foreach (Process process in Process.GetProcessesByName(processToKill.Name))
if (process.Id == processToKill.Id)
catch (Exception killException)
MessageBox.Show(this, "Unable to kill process: "
+ Environment.NewLine + "You should restart your computer",
"Unable to kill process",
This function is fired from a timer. We wait for a while and then go for the kill. First check, if the process is still lying around. If it is, then kill it.
Another interesting topic is memory usage. As you know, Windows Forms apps when started, take up about 10 MB to 15 MB memory. It's too much for a utility which is running in the background and trying to save you some memory. It's because when.NET WinForms libraries load, they load a lot of stuff hoping you would need it and it would save additional load time. So, I had to force.NET to flush out any unused stuff. I have a
MemoryHelper which does this:
static class MemoryHelper
static extern int EmptyWorkingSet(IntPtr hwProc);
public static void ClearMemory()
First it forces a Garbage Collection, then it calls the
EmptyWorkingSet function on
psapi.dll to flush out the working set, which is the physical memory allocation. I don't know whether or not it works, but at least Taskbar shows that the app now takes only 5 MB memory. Super!
CPUAlert will save you from slowing down your PC or burning out laptop batteries quickly. If you find it useful, please spread the love. Start by voting for this article.
- 2nd March, 2010: Initial post


text:
Each clerk of court and his deputies shall take the following oath or affirmation before entering upon their duties: "I, ___ ___, having been appointed ___, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will truly and faithfully enter and record all orders, decrees, judgments and proceedings of such court, and will faithfully and impartially discharge all other duties of my office according to the best of my abilities and understanding. So help me God."
28 U.S. Code § 951. Oath of office of clerks and deputies
The last sentence of section 512 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., reading "The words 'So help me God.' shall be omitted in all cases where an affirmation is admitted instead of an oath," was omitted as unnecessary because on affirmation such words would not be included. As revised, the section conforms with section 453 of this title providing for the form of judicial oath.
Minor changes were made in phraseology.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


taskPilot – a tool for mentoring and motivating pilots.
Helping newly minted solo pilots move on to flying cross country is perhaps a bigger hurdle than learning to fly in the first place.
New pilots embarking on free flights are limited by the lack of a goal and a way to analyse their performance and measure their improvements.
It is well known that taking off with a proper goal in the form of a task, however simple, means the pilot lands back with a sense of success not found after an aimless free flight.
To help with this transition to cross country, taskPilot is based around the concept of gliding clubs running leagues amongst their pilots, scored using racing and AAT style tasks set up for varying experience levels and weather conditions.
A pilot can choose a suitable task, then access information created by experienced pilots about possible ways to do the task, review landout options and so on, and create a goal and a plan for the flight, rather than taking off and free flying and not going anywhere in particular.
On return pilots load up the igc file from their flight which is scored automatically using a simple time and handicapped distance scheme, then displayed on the club league table.
Pilots can opt for privacy if they want. Unless set to private, all flights are available for anyone to view.
Pilots then have a way of measuring how well they performed. Traces can be reviewed and compared with other pilot's traces to seek ways to improve.
Where clubs have a single seater which is flown by a number of pilots for an hour or so each, then short local tasks can be set up for, e.g. the 'LS4 class', which are speed only, again so pilots take off with a plan.
It is believed that by giving pilots these tools to measure and improve their performance, and enabling them to land back with a sense of achievement, will maintain their interest, hopefully moving on to longer flights, even competitions.
And keep them in the sport.
Click on 'Help' on the top menu bar and choose 'Help with demo' This will take you to log on details along with a walkthrough of the main features.
If gliding clubs want to get access to this app, use the contact menu bar option and send in your details.


text:
In the Beginner Tutorial section, learn how to create new database records and enter information into a database fields. In the Advanced Tutorial section, how to import records from an existing database, navigate between records, update existing records, and search for records. In the Reference section, view a complete technical reference for each tag used to populate databases. In the Examples section, view an example for each beginner and advanced database population tutorial. In the FAQs section, read frequently asked database population questions.
Beginner Database Population Tutorials
Advanced Database Population Tutorials
Database Population Tag Reference
Frequently Asked Questions
[User Guide Main Menu] [Understanding MGI Menu] [Using MGI Menu] [Referencing MGI Menu]


text:
Both racism and jokes are social and cultural products. The ideology of racism holds that humankind comprises different races which vary in their worth. Racism dictates, explains and justifies who does what to whom, where, when, why and how. Caucasians claim the right to treat other 'races' in whatever manner they see fit, including disparagement in the form of jokes. Black people are commonly patronised or insulted under the pretext of humour. Here is an example. A few years ago, a black person was inside a local shop when a man covered in coal dust entered and placed his hand next to the black person's. He then chanted 'I wanna be like you, black like you This was objected to on the grounds that, unlike the 'joker', he was black and not dirty. Those in the shop joined in the denial of racism: 'it's only a joke', they said, almost in unison. One of them actually counselled him (the victim) to cultivate a sense of humour in order to 'get on in this world'. This is not a hypothetical example. The incident involved one of the authors of this chapter.
KeywordsBlack People Black Family Jewish People Racial Stereotype Black Person
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text: Well it wouldn't be 2020 without a swarm of locusts, right? India is currently dealing with the worst swarm of locust the country has seen in 30 years. Now, you're thinking, "Wow, a swarm of locust sounds awful." But don't worry, it's much worse! This is a swarm of desert locust, which are somehow much more aggressive than normal ravenous grasshoppers. These locusts can fly roughly 90 miles a day and eat their body weight in vegetation every day. Now, it's only 2 grams but some of these swarms can have over 80 million adults in just 1 square kilometer. Put away your calculators; we did the math. That's over 350,000 lbs of vegetation eaten in one day per square mile. Also, swarms can reach the billions in numbers. You'll have to just use your imagination for that number. We don't have enough fingers and toes here for that math. "What does this have to do with drones?", you might be asking our editorial staff. Well dear reader, the Indian government has been using drones to spray insecticides along with fire trucks to slow down the swarm. In the two districts where they were deployed, they are seeing that about 70% of the locusts have been destroyed. Locusts also hate loud noises. If you've ever stood underneath a large multi-prop drone, you know it sounds like it's own swarm!


I know that the power of a discrete signal is given by:
$$P(x) = \lim_{N \rightarrow \infty}\frac{1}{2N + 1}\sum ^N _{n = -N} | x[n]|^2$$
However, I would like to know whether the power of a discrite time finite length signal is defined as:
$$P(x) = \frac{1}{N - 1}\sum ^N _{n = 1} | x[n]|^2$$
Or as,
$$P(x) = \frac{1}{N}\sum ^{N - 1} _{n = 0} | x[n]|^2$$
Being $N$ the length of the signal, the number of samples of it.
A finite length signal has a power of zero. This becomes obvious if you just use the first formula in your question and apply it to a signal of finite length. Finite length signals are so-called energy signals, and their energy is given by
where $N$ is the length of the signal (and we assume that the signal is defined in the index range $n\in[0,N-1]$).
The expression
is the power of an $N$-periodic signal, as explained in this answer.
Your Answer


text:
Definition of Rootworm
1. Noun. A worm that tunnels through the roots of young plants. ¹
¹ Source: wiktionary.com
Definition of Rootworm
1. a beetle whose larvae feed on the roots of crop plants [n -S]
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Rootworm Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Rootworm
Literary usage of Rootworm
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Pathogens of Maize Seeds: Bibliographyby Andrew Kalinski by Andrew Kalinski (1994)
"Mating behavioral studies of corn rootworm beetles are underway.... Additional studies examined the interactions of rootworm insecticides with post..."
2. Legumes in Crop Rotations--Bibliography, January 1990-December 1993 by Mary V. Gold (1994)
"The incidence of corn rootworm larval damage in corn after soybeans was greatest in the central, northeastern, and eastern regions of Illinois, where annual..."
3. Conservation Tillage by Jane P. Gates (1994)
"Corn rootworm infestations were applied at 0, 1650, 3300, or 6600 viable eggs m-1.... 4.1 Mg ha-1 with no rootworm eggs; 4.3 vs. 3.1 with 1650 eggs m-1;..."
4. Productive Soils: The Fundamentals of Successful Soil Management and by Wilbert Walter Weir (1920)
"Corn rootworm.—Corn growers in the Southern states, particularly, suffer much damage from the corn rootworm or "budworm." In some seasons it is difficult to..."
5. The Corn Crops: A Discussion of Maize, Kafirs, and Sorghums as Grown in the by Edward Gerrard Montgomery (1913)
"There are two insects that are most troublesome where continuous corn culture is practiced — the corn rootworm and the root-louse. Corn rootworm There are..."
6. IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Field Crops: Bibliography January by DIANE Publishing Company (1995)
"... Feeding and toxic effects of floral sesquiterpene lactones, diterpenes, and phenolics from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on western corn rootworm...."
7. Farm Friends and Farm Foes: A Text-book of Agricultural Science by Clarence Moores Weed (1910)
"Consequently this Corn rootworm has been a blessing in disguise,... The discovery of the life history of the Northern Corn rootworm and the pointing out of..."


I have recently had my brain swapped with that of my pet cockatoo. I'm typing this – painfully – using my beak, while trying to distract my body by throwing seeds on the floor. It looks like it's broken my nose trying to pick it up. Good recommendations for a clinic to return my brain back?
Chirpy in LA
By "had my brain swapped" I assume that you mean that you've had that portion of your subconsciousness swapped with the cockatoo. I will be operating on this assumption for the duration of my response for the following reasons: (1) You speak as if you are self-aware as a human, while combating reflexive cockatoo behaviour. If your full consciousness was that of your pet, you wouldn't even know what a keyboard was, let alone how to use one, because cockatoos have never been all that impressed by electronics. (2) If you physically exchanged your actual brain with a cockatoo, you would have a nut-sized lump rattling around in your skull that doesn't hardwire into your neurological system properly. So you'd be dead. Your cockatoo, sporting a bizarrely-huge brain for which it cannot supply adequate oxygen with its circulatory system, would also be dead.
Assuming that this letter finds you before you kill yourself in some instinctive attempt at flight, you can do one of two things: (1) Just try reversing whatever happened to create this problem in the first place. I would only recommend a "clinic" for that procedure if there was a clinic that administered the initial swap. (2) Failing that, work at retraining your brain. Neural pathways are hard to manually rewire, but it's not impossible. Start by using your hands when typing. It should be noted that you will never fully rebuild human instincts or eradicate the cockatoo instincts. This means that you will always be a weirdo, most notably in your reproductive habits.


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Map of Romania with Oltenia highlighted
Oltenia (Romanian pronunciation: [olˈteni.a], also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternate Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt river.
Part of a series on the
History of Romania
Coat of arms of Romania
Early Middle Ages
Middle Ages
Early Modern Times
National awakening
Kingdom of Romania
Socialist Republic of Romania
Romania since 1989
By historical region
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Ancient times[edit]
Sucidava - ancient Roman citadel at Corabia
Initially inhabited by Dacians, Oltenia was incorporated in the Roman Empire (106, at the end of the Dacian Wars; see Roman Dacia). In 129, during Hadrian's rule, it formed Dacia Inferior, one of the two divisions of the province (together with Dacia Superior, in today's Transylvania); Marcus Aurelius' administrative reform made Oltenia one of the three new divisions (tres Daciae) as Dacia Malvensis, its capital and chief city being named Romula. It was colonized with veterans of the Roman legions. The Romans withdrew their administration south of the Danube at the end of the 3rd century and Oltenia was ruled by the foederati Germanic Goths. In the late 4th century Oltenia came under the rule of the Taifals before invasion by the Huns.
Middle Ages[edit]
Horezu Monastery - UNESCO World Heritage
From 681, with some interruptions, it was part of the Bulgarian Empire (see Bulgarian lands across the Danube).
In 1233, the Kingdom of Hungary formed the Banat of Severin in the eastern part of the region that would persist until the 1526 Battle of Mohács.
Around 1247 a polity emerged in Oltenia under the rule of Litovoi. The rise of the mediaeval state of Wallachia followed in the 14th century, and the voivode (Prince of Wallachia) was represented in Oltenia by a ban - "the Great Ban of Craiova" (with seat in Craiova after it was moved from Strehaia). This came to be considered the greatest office in Wallachian hierarchy, and one that was held most by members of the Craiovești family, from the late 15th century to about 1550. The title would continue to exist up until 1831.
During the 15th century, Wallachia had to accept the Ottoman suzerainty and to pay an annual tribute to keep its autonomy as vasal. From the Craioveşti-family, many bans cooperated with the Turks. However, many rulers, including the Oltenian-born Michael the Brave, fought against the Ottomans, giving Wallachia brief periods of independence.
Modern times[edit]
After 1716, the Ottomans decided to cease choosing the voivodes from among the Wallachian boyars, and to appoint foreign governors. As the governors were Orthodox Greeks living in Phanar, Constantinople, his period is known as the Phanariote regime.
Oltenia under Austrian Kingdom
Two years later, in 1718 under the terms of the Treaty of Passarowitz, Oltenia was split from Wallachia and annexed by the Habsburg Monarchy (de facto, it was under Austrian occupation by 1716); in 1737, it was returned to Wallachia under Prince Constantine Mavrocordatos (see Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718 and Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–1739)). Under the occupation, Oltenia was the only part of the Danubian Principalities (with the later exception of Bukovina) to experience Enlightened absolutism and Austrian administration, although these were met by considerable and mounting opposition from conservative boyars. While welcomed at first as liberators, the Austrians quickly disenchanted the inhabitants by imposing rigid administrative, fiscal, judicial and political reforms which were meant to centralize and integrate the territory (antagonizing both ends of the social spectrum: withdrawing privileges from the nobility and enforcing taxes for peasants).
In 1761, the residence of Bans was moved to Bucharest, in a move towards centralism (a kaymakam represented the boyars in Craiova). It remained there until the death of the last Ban, Barbu Văcărescu, in 1832.
In 1821, Oltenia and Gorj County were at the center of Tudor Vladimirescu's uprising (see Wallachian uprising of 1821). Vladimirescu initially gathered his Pandurs in Padeș and relied on a grid of fortified monasteries such as Tismana and Strehaia.
The traditional heraldic symbol of Oltenia, also understood as representing Banat, is nowadays present in the coat of arms of Romania (lower dexter): on gules field, an or lion rampant, facing dexter, holding a sword, and standing over an or bridge (Apolodor of Damascus Bridge at Drobeta Turnu Severin) and stylised waves.
The counties comprised by Oltenia
The river Olt separates Oltenia from Muntenia
Suspended bridge in Craiova's Park
Oltenia entirely includes the counties:
and parts of the counties:
Nowadays, Oltenia's main city and its seat for a long period of the late Middle Ages is Craiova. The first medieval seat of Oltenia was Turnu Severin of Banat of Severin, the ancient Drobeta, near the former Roman bridge, built by Apollodorus of Damascus for Emperor Trajan conquest purposes.
Craiova Dolj 302,601
Râmnicu Vâlcea Vâlcea 107,656
Drobeta-Turnu Severin Mehedinţi 104,035
Târgu Jiu Gorj 96,562
Caracal Olt 34,603
Motru Gorj 25,860
Balş Olt 23,147
Drăgăşani Vâlcea 22,499
Băileşti Dolj 22,231
Corabia Olt 21,932
Calafat Dolj 21,227
Filiaşi Dolj 20,159
Dăbuleni Dolj 13,888
Rovinari Gorj 12,603
Strehaia Mehedinţi 12,564
Bumbeşti-Jiu Gorj 11,882
Băbeni Vâlcea 9,475
Târgu Cărbuneşti Gorj 9,338
Călimăneşti Vâlcea 8,923
Segarcea Dolj 8,704
Turceni Gorj 8,550
Brezoi Vâlcea 7,589
Tismana Gorj 7,578
Horezu Vâlcea 7,446
Vânju Mare Mehedinţi 7,074
Piatra Olt Olt 6,583
Novaci Gorj 6,151
Bălceşti Vâlcea 5,780
Baia de Aramă Mehedinţi 5,724
Berbeşti Vâlcea 5,704
Ţicleni Gorj 5,205
Băile Olăneşti Vâlcea 4,814
Bechet Dolj 3,864
Ocnele Mari Vâlcea 3,591
Băile Govora Vâlcea 3,147
 - Vlad Georgescu, Istoria ideilor politice româneşti (1369–1878), Munich, 1987
 - Neagu Djuvara, Între Orient şi Occident. Ţările române la începutul epocii moderne, Humanitas, Bucharest, 1995
 - Constantin C. Giurescu, Istoria Bucureştilor. Din cele mai vechi timpuri pînă în zilele noastre, Ed. Pentru Literatură, Bucharest, 1966, p. 93
 - Şerban Papacostea, Oltenia sub stăpânirea austriacă (1718–1739), Bucharest, 1971, p. 59
External links[edit]


text:
GUATEMALA – Archaeologists have unearthed large carved panels in the jungles of northern Guatemala, that seem to depict two beings surrounding a UFO!
The panels were dug up on the site of El Mirador, the largest known Mayan city ever excavated. Dr. Richard Hansen, the director of the Mirador Basin Project, dated the panels to around 300 BC, when the city was at its peak.
Dr. Hansen is speculating that the above panel is of the famous Hero Twins of Mayan mythology. One of the Twins is in possession of a decapitated head (on top of the right figure's thigh), which is likely that of their beheaded father, Hun Hunahpu. The other figure has a headdress with jaguar features, identifying him as Xbalanque, which means "Young Jaguar Sun".
However, while Mayan mythology and architecture is ripe with serpents and celestial deities, UFOlogists are certain these panels reference contact with extraterrestrials! They believe the two beings are not of this Earth, that their outfits are more technological than decorative, and could have acted as atmosphere transformers or translation tools. The item in the middle, if looked at from a tilt, appears to be a craft, with multiple protusions like a cockpit and landing gear.
Mayan culture has long been a focus for alien and UFO experts, due to their astronomy-heavy mythology and advanced mathematics understanding. The Ancient Astronaut theory attributes their knowledge to contact with extraterrestrials.


text:
21 March 2022
Will Internal 3D Rendering Help Space Planning in Retail Stores?
High stakes and fierce competition in the retail industry make it the proverbial 'dog eat Pedigreed dog' world. Retail stores and the spaces they showcase have long been influential in merchandise sales and customer satisfaction, making it imperative to utilise space optimally for an attractive store layout. Photorealistic, carefully crafted 3D internal rendering accurately represents the interior of a retail space before construction commences.
The benefits and application of retail space planning is continuously evolving. Attractive store displays attract customers, enticing them to experience the merchandise and subtly encouraging them to buy. To accentuate and emphasise the merchandise, retailers need to use retail space wisely.
What are the benefits of space planning?
When retail space planning is carefully carried out, it leads to the following benefits:
- Displays will attract more customers.
- Stockouts and operational costs can be minimised.
- Inventory productivity improves.
- Financial performance and profits are increased.
- Retailers can drive top line sales.
- Overall returns on investments improve.
Traditional space planning process is also dependent on the needs of local customers. Other factors include maintaining the same brand features of chain stores while trying to create a unique identity for each store. Store-specific plans can be created when enough data has been collected.
Using Space Allocation Tools
It is possible today to use space allocation tools to determine effective locations for merchandise, lighting and other fixtures. By analysing product placement, usage and performance, merchandise can be placed in strategic locations. Retail space planning can be helped by:
- Using CAD drawings with precise dimensions to view exact floor plans
- Assigning the appropriate square footage for each product
- Preparing detailed planograms to find the right balance of available space and merchandise
- Considering detailed fixture and component dimensions
- Showcasing the retail space in an internal 3D rendered image
It is essential to get an accurate idea of a design or layout for retail applications to be successful.
How does 3D internal rendering help?
- Retailers can test designs before construction begins, saving time and money.
- Designers can see how and what makes the best use of the retail space.
- Furniture and amenities can be viewed in lifelike lighting, to get the best idea of what the plans will look like.
- Architectural rendering can help streamline work across multiple stakeholders while maintaining project vision.
- 3D renderings provide a realistic sense of place and energy.
- Interior renderings allow designers to convey different ideas accurately.
- Clients will have a clear understanding of what to expect.
- Interior renderings ensure that escape routes, fire safety elements (fire escapes and like) and location of staff rooms and storage space can be clearly recognised.
- Potential security vulnerabilities are easier to determine when viewing a building as it will appear in real life.
Maximising Wall Space
One of the ways to effectively design retail space involves optimising wall space, regardless of the floor plan. Limited wall spaces can be maximised using gridwalls, twin slot shelving and slatwalls.
- Gridwall panels are used to create corner displays and displays against a flat wall with shelves, baskets, hooks, etc.
- They can be used as freestanding displays with a gondola stand or legs.
- The industrial look of the mesh panels are used effectively in fashion stores and DIY stores.
Twin Slot Systems
- Panels called uprights are positioned next to each other on walls and accessories can be slotted on them.
- They have a minimalist appearance and are used in fashion clothing stores, boutiques and homeware stores.
- Shelves and back bars slot easily in and out of uprights without any additional fixing, making them easy to install and update.
- Slatwall panels are of various sizes and colours, helping designers match them to the store's design.
- They are useful for displaying bulky merchandise vertically.
- Slatwall accessories slot into grooved panels and are easy to remove.
- They're great used to display accessories and shoes.
These elements can be viewed, modified and improved by viewing them accurately represented, with the correct textures and dimensions, in internal 3D rendered images. Retail design companies can provide high-quality computer-generated images (CGI), retail design drawings, retail BIM modelling, 3D visualisation and other 3D rendering services to help space planning in retail stores.
XS CAD has valuable experience providing 3D visualisation and 3D rendering services for large global retailers and retail store design companies. Our range of services include retail space planning, retail design drawings, 3D rendered images, retail BIM modelling and computer-generated images (CGI). We have proven to be a preferred 3D rendering services provider, due to the high quality of our 3D modelling and 3D walk-throughs, created by using Revit, 3ds Max, V-Ray, Adobe Photoshop and After Effects, Illustrator and BIM Collaboration Pro for cloud collaboration.


text:
Griffin: America Has a 'Pac-Man Problem'
WASHINGTON – Congressman Tim Griffin (AR-02), a member of the Ways and Means Committee, issued the following statement after releasing a new video – America's Pac-Man Problem:
"A large part of my job is listening. Just about every day, I hear from Arkansans who tell me how important a federal program is for their family. These aren't Wall Street bankers or high-paid lobbyists – they're folks like you and me – people who care about their communities and the ones they love. Often, I have to tell them about America's Pac-Man problem: autopilot spending on things like health care and retirement programs is crowding out the country's ability to pay for things like transportation, medical research, education and health care for our veterans. My newest video explains the problem and House Republicans' efforts to reverse it."
There are two types of federal spending: the first is mandatory spending (or autopilot spending), which describes the amount of money that is automatically spent each year on things like Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and the interest on the debt. Mathematical formulas determine how much money is spent on these programs each year. This spending is automatic and occurs without annual Congressional approval. The second is discretionary spending, which is controlled by Congress and most federal programs are funded through annual appropriation bills passed by Congress.
In 1970, autopilot spending accounted for only 42 percent of all federal spending. In 2010, it accounted for 62 percent. Less than three decades from now, it's going to account for over three-quarters of all federal spending.


text: The moon is a marvel. It pulls the tides and its phases help us track the passage of time. So let's knit a cowl inspired by the moon. We can pretend each stitch is a tiny handcrafted crater. We'll knit in the round, so the path of our stitches honors the moon's orbit. This cowl is double-sided (half black and half white) so that when you wear it, you can reverse it just the right amount to match the current phase of the moon.


text:
ed water back into the water supply tank that is mounted on an electronic scale. A video of a stop watch and the scale front panel are recorded during the particle droplet size measurement period for the purpose of computing the net fuel flow rate through the spray nozzle. For these tests an RC SL4-205 gasoline fuel injector was used as Solenoid Valve for Bypass Flow Control.
A Malvern Spraytec System, which is a laser diffraction based instrument, was used to measure the droplet size distribution within the liquid spray at various liquid temperatures. This system has a particle detection range of 0.1 µm to 900 µm. Additional details for this system are provided in Reference .
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Droplet Size Distribution Measurements
The variation of water flow rate through the nozzle as a function of PWM duty cycle at two different water temperatures is shown in Figure 2. A comparison of the flow rates at two different PWM frequencies (10 Hz and 20 Hz) is also shown in Figure 3. Droplet size distributions were measured and recorded for all these operating conditions. As can be seen, a maximum turndown ratio of 3.7 was achieved for the flow rate through the nozzle. Sensitivity of flow rate to the PWM frequency is clearly observed. Also, most of the flow rate variation occurs between 0% and 50% duty cycle.
Figure 1. Schematic layout of the Droplet Spray Measurement Setup. Malvern Spraytec System not shown for clarity.
Figure 2. Variation of nozzle flow rate with PWM Duty Cycle operated at 20 HZ.
Figure 3. Comparison of nozzle flow rate with PWM frequencies of 10 Hz and 20 Hz.
Figure 4 shows the measured Sauter mean diameter (D [3, 2]) within the droplet spray for various nozzle flow rates. These measurements represent sample averages recorded over a time interval of 60 seconds or more. First, as is well known and expected [5, 3], the mean diameters are smaller at 110˚C than at room temperature. As the water temperature goes up, its absolute viscosity goes down, which leads to the lower water flow rate (due to swirling flow in the internal nozzle slots ) and hence smaller thickness of the conical sheet at the exit orifice of the nozzle, thus leading to smaller droplets. Also, at 110˚C some flashing (from liquid to vapor) of water may result in further reduction in droplet sizes. Also, the results show that the mean droplet size is actually smaller at lower flow rates at room temperature fuel. We also see that at very low fuel flow rates, there is very little advantage to be gained by heating the fuel since the droplet mean sizes are not very different at room temperature and at minimally flashing temperature. The data demonstrates good atomization properties of the droplet spray over a maximum fuel flow rate turndown ratio of about 3.7, thus indicating suitability of such a system for a variable fuel flow rate oil burner.
The measured volume averaged mean diameters (D [4, 3]) for the corresponding (Figure 4) flow rates are shown in Figure 5. Again, we observe similar behavior to the measured Sauter mean diameters. At 110˚C droplet sizes are smaller (than at room temperature for maximum flow rate) at all flow rates, and at room temperature atomization is even better (smaller droplet sizes) at low fuel flow rates.
During the droplet size measurement experiments we also recorded videos of the nozzle spray for various duty cycles immediately after recording the Malvern droplet size distribution. A cell phone video camera with macro lens attachment was used for this purpose together with a stroboscope for backlighting the spray. The stroboscope frequency was adjusted so as to match (as closely as possible) the framing rate of the video camera during filming. Stills from these videos are presented in Figures 6-8. A web link for viewing the videos for these conditions is given: _URL_
From these figures and videos we see that the spray is much finer at higher water temperature. Also, at the lower duty cycle of 40%, the spray is fine. In fact we see that the conical film sheet is breaking up early. We also note from Figure 2 that at this operating condition of 40% PWM duty cycle, the nozzle flow rate is already close to minimum. Thus a much wider cone angle for the spray at 100% duty cycle (for room temperature water) in Figure 8 is not of much practical consequence.
3.2. Oil Burner Flame Visualization Tests with the Bypass Nozzle
A variable firing rate spray nozzle is only one requirement for a load modulating oil burner. Clearly, not only must the mass flow rate of air going through the burner be regulated to match the fuel flow rate, the velocity distribution of air going through and around the fuel spray must be changed as well to maintain a stable flame and combustion quality (low emissions of soot and pollutants). Conventional residential oil burners only have very limited controls for adjusting the air flow rate. These provide a crude and limited control for the air inlet area to adjust the air mass flow rate going through the oil burner. As shown in Figure 9, the only other control for adjusting the air flow rate is the "annular gap" between the swirler and the retention head inside diameter (by moving the nozzle and swirler assembly in the axial direction). Clearly these controls are not enough for a load regulating oil burner which is to have the capability of changing fuel flow rate by a factor of two or more. The central swirl flow (velocity distribution) must also be changed. Furthermore these controls must be finer and electronically controlled. For these reasons it is to be expected that a conventional residential oil burner with an installed PWM controlled bypass nozzle is not a suitable candidate for testing the combustion performance.
Figure 4. Surface area averaged (Sauter) mean droplet size as a function of nozzle flow rate (Note: 1 g/s = 1.133 GPH).
Figure 5. Volume averaged mean droplet size as a function of nozzle flow rate (Note: 1 g/s = 1.133 GHP).
Figure 6. Photograph of the droplet sprays at two water temperatures for maximum flow rate (0% duty cycle for the bypass flow).
Figure 7. Photograph of the droplet sprays at two water temperatures for intermediate duty cycle for bypass flow.
Figure 8. Photograph of the droplet sprays at two water temperatures minimum flow rate.
Figure 9. A photograph of an installed oil spray nozzle in the Retention Head of a commercial residential oil burner.
Nevertheless, we did want to demonstrate and verify that we could at least get a stable flame by using an off-the-shelf bypass nozzle at very low fuel firing rates. Due to logistical and time constraints the combustion tests needed to be performed at a separate location while the droplet size distribution measurements were still in progress. As a result, these combustion tests could not be performed using the pulse wave modulated bypass nozzle. Therefore, for these tests we only used the manual control valve on the bypass line to control the fuel firing rate. Since atomization is expected to be only better with PWM control, these tests are conservative.
A schematic of the experimental setup for flame visualization tests is shown in Figure 10. A Carlin burner with an installed Delevan bypass nozzle is attached to a quartz chamber (instead of a boiler) for the purpose of flame visualization. These tests were run at 100 psi fuel pressure using No. 2 heating oil. The variation of fuel flow rates achieved during these tests is shown in Figure 11. As can be seen, we demonstrated a fuel flow rate turndown ratio of 3.2. Photographs of the flames at two fuel flow rates are shown in Figure 12. The differences in flame character at the two fuel flow rates can clearly be observed. The burner was not obviously setup for proper combustion; but our objective at this time was merely to demonstrate a stable flame at low fuel flow rates.
Figure 10. Schematic of the test setup for flame visualization at various fuel flow rates while using the bypass nozzle with manual valve for bypass flow control.
Figure 11. Variation of No. 2 heating oil flow rate during combustion tests as a function of manual bypass control valve position. At position 0, the bypass is fully closed.
Figure 12. Photographs of the flame in the quartz flame chamber at maximum and minimum fuel flow rates.
4. Conclusion and Suggested Future Work
We performed droplet size distribution measurements of fuel sprays (with water as the fuel simulant) at various fuel firing rates by controlling the fuel flow rate via pulse width modulated bypass flow from an off-the-shelf bypass nozzle. The results show good atomization properties of the spray over a 3.7 to 1 fuel flow rate ratio. Even though the droplet mean size is lower at higher (minimally flashing) fuel temperature, at lower flow rates the difference is not much. Thus heating of the fuel to high temperature to achieve very low fuel firing rates may not be necessary. Combustion tests with a conventional burner (with crude and un-optimized air flow distribution) also demonstrated a stable flame over a wide range of fuel flow rates. The next logical step towards completing the development of a variable load residential oil burner is to design such an oil burner with dynamically controllable air mass flow rate and velocity profile (in and around the droplet spray). This may require a controllable swirler


hostile the first time. (It is possible that piloting the ship is not within a Trade Master's duties)
 - Normally VUX Intruders warp into the combat zone right next to the enemy ship, but in the SC2 full game this does not seem to apply. (It is possible that The Flagship's massiveness impedes warping so close to it, or that the upkeep of the warping systems is very large and they keep them for wartime)
 - Beta Copernicus I, as a Shattered World, doesn't seem to match Talana's descriptions: it has no atmosphere (no sulfur clouds), is not very hot (only 7 degrees centigrade) and its day is not fifty percent longer than Earth's as in the 3DO version dialogue, but actually somewhat shorter, as in the PC version dialogue. (It is possible that during the time passed since the shattering, these variables have greatly changed)
 - Shattered Worlds (except Epsilon Scorpii I and Beta Brahe I) are uninhabited by Mycon in-game, and are (including the two inhabited ones) anyway too cold (100 degrees centigrade or even 7 degrees in the case of Syra) for Mycon, who are described as "thriving in temperatures close to the melting point of lead". (It is possible that they live underground, where the temperature is not indicated, or that the temperature in certain locations is maintained at a high enough level, either through natural or artificial means. It is also possible that they do not shatter worlds for the purpose of living there)
 - When impersonating Dogar and Kazon, you have the option to command the Ilwrath to deform certain words, but they don't do this except when confirming the commandment. (It is possible that they are simply focused on the other orders, forgetting these).
 - Star Control II's manual claims that in 1940, ten years after the first radio broadcasts on Earth, these radio broadcasts were intercepted by the Ur-Quan Kzer-Za. However, traveling with the speed of light, these radio waves could not have reached the Ur-Quan so quickly. It is possible that radio waves leak into HyperSpace, but that they are not as efficient for HyperSpace communications as HyperWave, the usual means of communicating in HyperSpace, is. Another possibility is that the signals were intercepted by an Ur-Quan Kzer-Za vessel on a reconnaissance mission.
 - Two reasons are given for the insults used by a Pkunk Fury's captain. The manual says that the Fury's secondary recharges the ship's batteries. The Pkunk say that the insults, in fact, throw them into a frenzy, lest their peaceful nature forbids them from attacking the enemy ship. (It is possible that both are true — the psychic energy generated is somehow converted to electrical energy and fed to the batteries).
Differences with the real world[edit]
 - Agoraphobia is misunderstood as a fear of open places (see Umgah), while in reality it is a fear of leaving one's "safety zone".
 - "Redux" (as in "Redux World") is misunderstood as being synonymous to "reduction", while it means instead "brought back". (bug #994)


Studying in the UK
R&R 30: Australian accent - Living in the UK
Real & Relevant English conversation with native-speakers of English. You can hear the Australian accent here along with British English. This is a natural conversation by English teachers about how an Australian visitor has to adapt to life in the UK. How is life different in the two countries? In this podcast, you can hear Bren and Lauretta... She is an English teacher at the SGI sister school in San Sebastian, Spain: both are native speakers of English. SGI-030-Australian-Accent-Living-in-England Pod Subject: An Australian living in the UK Pod People: Lauretta & Bren Which accent do you find the easiest to understand here: English or Australian? Click below to hear more native-speaker accents... 1. Irish accent 2. Northern accent 3. Colonial Received Pronunciation 4. Received Pronunciation Go to a list of all our podcasts Go to itunes to download all our podcasts for free
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text: Cholesterol is a key cell membrane component and precursor of steroid hormones. mesometrial side of uterus. Additionally, an ABCA1 dependent compensatory mechanism related to the placental efficiency in response to the smaller placenta size in Meishan pigs was suggested. The efficiency of maternal-fetal nutrients transport is closely correlated with the rate of embryo implantation and the degree of fetal development1,2,3. During the early implantation period (about on Days 4C15 of pregnancy in pigs), the developing porcine conceptus Quizartinib small molecule kinase inhibitor (including embryo, trophectoderm and Quizartinib small molecule kinase inhibitor associated extra-embryonic membranes) undergoes dramatic morphological changes (from spherical to tubular to filamentous forms) and migrates freely throughout the entire uterine lumen4,5. Thus the requirement for nutrients is dependent on the histotroph secreted by the uterus5 primarily,6,7. During Times 15C20 of being pregnant, pig placentation is set up where the Tr begins to attach towards the uterine LE to create the epithelial bilayer. The non-invasive epitheliochorial placenta is made around Times 26C30 of being pregnant8 totally,9 and the adhered trophoblast-endometrial epithelial bilayer (made up by Tr and endometrial LE) begins to build up the microscopic folded framework as gestation advanced to term10,11,12. In comparison to industrial traditional western pig breeds, the Chinese language Meishan pigs show not only the bigger litter Quizartinib small molecule kinase inhibitor size but also an elevated physiological maturity which can be correlated with the piglet success rate before with delivery13,14. Earlier studies have proven that Meishan piglets at delivery have improved body lipids, plasma cortisol liver organ and amounts maturity14,15. Further investigations illustrated how the difference in amount of the piglet advancement before with delivery between Meishan and traditional western breeds is principally because of the difference in placental effectiveness. Meishan pigs possess capability to develop higher denseness of placental arteries aswell as increased difficulty from the placental folded bilayer at later on stage of being pregnant16,17. It's been recognized how the effectiveness of maternal-fetal nutritional transfer in pigs depends upon not only the scale, framework and blood circulation however the transporter great quantity of placenta18 also,19. Therefore, regardless of the morphologically cool features, the difference in nutrient specific transporter dependent mechanism related to placental efficiency between the two breeds warrants investigation. As the principal sterol in animal cells, cholesterol serves as the precursor of steroid hormones, including estrogens20. Due to the fact that the estrogen released from the conceptuses is the pregnancy recognition signal in pigs, the pig conceptus requires large amounts of cholesterol for steroid hormone synthesis during the peri-implantation period21,22. On the other hand, cholesterol is a critical structural component of animal cell membranes and functions in stabilization of the membrane surface and lipid-rich microdomains where most membrane-associated signaling reactions take place23. Furthermore, cholesterol is required for the synthesis of sonic Hedgehog (SHH) proteins, a secreted molecule necessary for organogenesis24. Thus, both the conceptus Rabbit Polyclonal to STK24 at quickly trophoblastic elongation stage as well as the developing fetus at later on stage of being pregnant need a great deal of cholesterol for cell differentiation and proliferation. Consequently, cholesterol is crucial for successful embryo fetal and implantation advancement in pigs. Even though the fetus itself could synthesize the cholesterol by synthesis, convincing evidences demonstrated how the fetus offers exogenous way to obtain cholesterol, produced from maternal blood flow25 particularly,26,27. Until now, analysts suggested three different systems for cholesterol transportation: 1) aqueous diffusion, 2) ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediated unidirectional efflux, 3) and scavenger receptor class-B type I (SR-BI) mediated bidirectional flux28,29. Although, the true method of aqueous diffusion may appear with all cell types, it really is inefficient. Efflux of cholesterol is accelerated when SR-BI and ABCA1 can be found in the cell plasma membrane28. ABCA1, a known person in the ABC transporter superfamily, can be a membrane spanning protein that performs cholesterol and phospholipids unidirectional efflux to lipid-poor apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) to form precursor of high density lipoprotein (HDL)30. Some studies demonstrated that ABCA1 is highly expressed in rodent and human placenta and confirmed that it mediates the transport of cholesterol from mother to fetus through placenta31,32. Researchers also reported that dysfunction of ABCA1 in mice revealed dramatic pathologic changes during pregnancy, such as fetal growth restriction and increased neonatal death33. The scavenger receptor class B member I (SR-BI), a receptor for high-density lipoprotein, primarily mediates the bidirectional exchange of cholesterol: selective cholesteryl ester uptake and the cellular cholesterol efflux34,35,36. In human beings, SR-BI is expressed in highly.


text:
What Does the Kentico Cloud TypeScript SDK Offer?
The Kentico Cloud TypeScript SDK offers tooling that enables the clean and easy consumption of the Delivery API by providing three core features:
- Strongly-typed base models for the core Delivery objects
- An extensible Delivery client API that makes querying easy
- Customizable resolvers for resolving URL slugs and modular content
In addition to these SDK features, there's also a code generator available to help you easily and automatically generate strongly typed models for your Kentico Cloud project. This can help you save some serious time building out the models for your content types. Both the SDK and the code generator are available as npm packages.
Strongly-typed Base Models
The base models provided in the SDK enable you to get moving quickly. They cover the basics, like the base content item, the system properties, and field types (text field, Multiple choice field, Date/Time field, etc.). These make it easy to build out your content type models easily. As previously mentioned, you can use the Kentico Cloud model generator utility to generate your models automatically. For example, a simple blog content item might look something like:
Extensible Client API
The TypeScript SDK also provides a robust implementation of the Delivery API. It provides a configurable Delivery client that supports:
- Getting data using the observable or promise patterns
- Using query parameters such as content type, depth, limit, order, etc.
- Filtering content items by element value with filters such as equals, greater than, range, etc.
- Sorting results
- Getting localized items (for projects with multiple languages)
Using that same blog post model, the code to retrieve all blog posts would look like this:
How Do I Use It?
Richard also built a second, more complex example. This example demonstrates the use of the Kentico Cloud TypeScript SDK in a simple Angular app. If you're familiar with Angular, this might be a good place to start.
If React is more your style, stay tuned! I'm putting together a sample site built on React with the TypeScript SDK. It's designed to show a complete example using the default content you get when you first sign up for Kentico Cloud.
The Kentico Cloud TypeScript SDK will continue to evolve based on Kentico Cloud updates and community direction, feedback, and pull requests. The Kentico Cloud team is also looking to add SDKs for other programming languages. If you have any ideas or an SDK you developed that you want to make available to everyone, let us know in the forums! In the meantime, why not grab the latest version of the SDK and the generator utility from npm and get started on your own project!


Japan Summons (日本国召喚, Nihonkoku Shoukan) is a Japanese light novel series written by Minorou and illustrated by Toi8.
Plot[edit | edit source]
In the Great Orient, lies the continent called Rodenius.
One day, an unidentified flying object arrived at Qua-Toyne Principality's airspace. The unidentified flying object defied the Principality's common sense. But that unidentified flying object was just a harbinger of something even more shocking.
Far to the eastern sea, a group of islands suddenly appeared. The country of the islands called itself: Japan. According to them, their nation had been transported to another world.
Now finding themselves separated from their old world and must survive in the new one, how will Japan interact with the native countries of this world? Will they greet her as a friend or as an enemy?
This is a story of the country called Japan as it was engulfed in the chaotic storm of the world.
Media[edit | edit source]
Web Novels[edit | edit source]
Light Novels[edit | edit source]
Manga[edit | edit source]
Trivia[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]


text:
Applying this Knowledge to the Conlanging Process
So far we've explored the beginnings of a syntax as a set of formal theories, but this tutorial is meant to be an aid in constructing a language. To see how we can use this knowledge, I'm going to approach the process of constructing a language from two perspectives. The first is construction from scratch, without any preconceptions or ideas about what the grammar of the language should look like. Then I'll look at how to take some vague ideas and how to expand them into a full language that you can expect such systems to appear in, and in the process I'll look at how the same tools can be used to formalize an existing language.
Designing a Syntax from Scratch
Design a syntax from scratch is theoretically a simple process. Without any preconceptions about what certain features should look like, we can follow an orderly approach to the process. Indeed, the process is so formulaic that it might even be useful to just write out a list of things to define for the language.
- 1: Head-initial or head-final
- 2: Heads and Phrases (i.e. does the language have Ns? NPs? Vs? VPs? etc.)
- 3: Phrases that are exceptions to (1) or have exceptional alternative forms
- 4: PS rules
Some things to keep in mind, especially in (2) and (4) is that the structures don't have to be identical to English. Modern theories tend to attempt to describe every language with the same basic formulation, the more in common the better, but that doesn't mean your language has to. If you want to put the subject into the VP and move the object out of the VP, sure go ahead and do so. But keep in mind that making exceedingly different rules means that your constituency tests should have equivalent forms. If you do indeed move subjects into VP and objects out, you'll need to have a situation where you can replace the VP with a stand in, something similar to "do so", and have it mean the same thing. It's important to keep in mind why we say languages have the rules we've found for them, or developed, as the case may be.
Formalizing Ideas and Making Generalizations
Finding a syntax for preexisting ideas is a bit more complicated than designing one from scratch. Because we already have some "canonical" forms, we have to perform tests on them to discover how they behave. We can perhaps make a list of things to do here to identify the features of the language.
- 1: Constituency tests to decide what composes the structure and how
- 2: PS rules to describe the structure
- 3: Is the structure's head positioning typical or exceptional?
- 4a: Generalization of 1-3 as guides for the steps to design a syntax from scratch
- 4b: Create more ideas and analyze them
Having multiple ideas would make (3) easier to decide. For example, if we have three ideas that end up having the same head positioning, we might want to say that our language should have that positioning as the typical position. Alternatively, if the ideas have different head positioning we can choose whichever we prefer more and make that typical, while making the other one exceptional.
The rules listed above can apply just as well to a description process as well, treating the entire language as one giant idea to be analyzed. Input from less formal grammars can speed up the process of creating a formal grammar.


text:
If you want maximum efficiency from your probiotic supplements, when you take them is crucial. We've written this article to help you figure out when the best time to take a probiotic is.
The Best Time to Take Probiotics
The best time to take probiotics depends on what kind of probiotic you have. The reason why is that probiotics are killed off by the acid inside the stomach. Probiotics need to make it past stomach acid and into the gut to be effective. Some probiotics have a coating that protects the probiotics inside from stomach acid. These are commonly marketed as having "stomach-acid resistant, delayed release" features or having an "enteric coating."
1. Probiotics with Stomach Acid Resistant/Delayed Release - Take Anytime
If you have a stomach-acid resistant capsule or some other enteric-coating/delayed release system protecting your probiotics then you can take your probiotic anytime.
We recommend taking these protected probiotics before bed on an empty stomach to reduce the chances of bloating, gas, or other side effects associated with probiotic usage. Furthermore, probiotics with a stomach acid resistant capsule or enteric coating can be take with or without food.
2. Unprotected Probiotic Powders, Gummies and Chewables - Take 30 Minutes Before Meals
Things change if you have unprotected probiotics. According to a study1 using a simulated digestive tract, you can maximize probiotic survival by taking your probiotic supplement 30 minutes before a meal.
This same study also found that consuming probiotics with milk will increase the number of probiotics delivered to the gut. Juice and plain water decreased Lactobacilli probiotic survival by 100 fold decrease and 1000 fold for Bifidobacterium longum probiotics. This makes sense as many probiotics are rich in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species which thrive in milk.
In the study the difference between taking an unprotected Bifidobacterium longum probiotic before a meal and after a meal is more than a 250 fold difference in concentration of probiotics that make it into the gut.
Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic fared better. Both had 10 fold decrease when taken after a meal compared to if it was taken before.
What if I Feel Bloated After Taking Probiotics 30 Minutes Before Meals?
If your unprotected probiotic causes you to feel gassy and bloated when taken before meals, you may want to consider switching to taking it on an empty stomach before bed. Even though you may not get the best results taking it in this manner, it is better than stopping probiotics completely because you feel gassy or bloated.
Now that you know how you should take your probiotic you should verify what kind of probiotic you have – protected or unprotected – and take them accordingly. If you're interested in the technical details on how the study was done, read on.
The Research Behind The Best Time to Take Probiotics
The study on optimal probiotic dosing used a pretty ingenious model of the human digestive system to get these measurements. The study found that probiotics are best taken 30 minutes before meals with milk. While the digestive tract model was man-made, the digestive fluids used were genuine, including saliva, acids, bile, and enzymes.
Researchers used a commercial probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Saccharomyces boulardii to determine the best time to take probiotics. The probiotics were put into capsule form and were put through the in-vitro model along with various food and drink products.
Several types of bacteria are categorized as probiotics, and they each come with their own benefits. The most common types of probiotics include:
- Lactobacillus – Potentially the most common family of probiotics, Lactobacilli are found in yogurt, kefir, and most other fermented foods. Strains of Lactobacillus can help with diarrhea and general digestive health. Some may even help those who are lactose intolerant by breaking down lactose for your body.
- Bifidobacterium – Bifidobacteria are the second most common probiotic strain and can be found in certain dairy products. They have also been studied for its use in supporting digestive health, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
- Saccharomyces boulardii – Unlike Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, which are probiotic bacteria Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic yeast which has been clinically proven to reduce the duration of diarrhea.
By sampling and quantifying how much probiotic was alive after making its way through the model, researchers found that the greatest amount of probiotic survived when taken 30 minutes before a meal or when taken with a meal consisting of oatmeal-milk or 1% milk by itself.
When probiotics were given 30 minutes after the meal, not as much probiotic survived. Probiotics were also given in "meals" containing spring water or apple juice, but not as many of the microorganisms survived as in the oatmeal and milk cohorts.
The researchers concluded that it was the fat content—not the protein element—that made the difference in the other types of probiotics' survival.
The one exception to these findings was the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii, which thrived no matter when it was consumed or with what foods.
Understanding the right dosage and the right timing can help you get the most out of your probiotics, ensuring that they help your digestive health without causing undesired side effects.
While this study was on unprotected probiotic capsules without a stomach-acid resistant coating, the results for capsules with stomach acid protection will be different. The instructions of Nexabiotic Advanced probiotics which feature delayed-release capsule to protect the probiotics inside from stomach acid are different to minimize probiotic side effects.
Protected probiotics with delayed release mechanisms gives you more flexibility in consuming probiotics. They also ensure maximum effectiveness by protecting the probiotics inside from stomach acid.


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Kansas Geological Survey, Open-file Report 2001-14
2000 Digital Petroleum Atlas Annual Report
A goal of the Digital Petroleum Atlas (DPA) is to provide users flexible access to the original data and intermediate steps of the study. Results of field studies are fed immediately into the databases. The flexibility of the Web provides access to the data that went into the study at the same time as the results.
To support these technical goals, a design was created for the web site. Several models were drawn up, but the goals were very simple:
As the DPA was constructed, there were two obvious "paths" through the digital data. The user could move geographically through several scales of data:
At each geographic scale, the user would be presented with choices and answers.
As an alternative the DPA could be structured around topical areas. For the DPA the topical areas were broken into following categories:
Regional General Geology
Geophysics Reservoir Wells
For each field, basin and county, information was structured in terms of both geographic scale and topical area. These two general structural styles of information (pages based on geographical scale and pages based on topical area) result in a grid system. However, in practice this structure becomes rapidly unmanageable. While it would be nice to simultaneously compare the geologic maps of three or four fields (isopach or structure), it is not possible and not desirable to have links from each geology page to every other geology page. As a result, for the DPA we emphasized movement among geographic scales, and worked to maximize the visitors ability to move from County to Field to Well. Movement between topical areas is limited to within the selected geographic scale (e.g., figures 1, 2).
|Table of Contents||Previous Page||Figure 5||Next Page||Improved Database Management|


openxava / documentation / EJB3 JPA
Table of contents
Configure your application to work with EJB3
Using JPA in your code
Using JPA from a validator or a callback method
OpenXava supports EJB3 JPA since the version 2.1.
Configure your application to work with EJB3
Since v3.0 JPA is the default persistence engine, so you have to do nothing. But if you are using a v2.1 or v2.2 and you want to use JPA then edit the file properties/ of your project, and leave it in this way:
# EJB3 Java Persistence API
From now on, your application will use EJB3 JPA instead of Hibernate to manage object persistence.
Using JPA in your code
You can use the standard Java Persistence API in any part of an OpenXava application, that is, inside calculators, validators, actions, filters, etc.
In order to facilitate the use of JPA OpenXava provides the XPersistence class. For example, if you wish to store an object in a database using the JPA, the normal way would be:
EntityManagerFactory f = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("default");
EntityManager manager = f.createEntityManager();
Customer customer =... ;
But, inside OpenXava and using XPersistence class you can write this:
Customer customer =... ;
No more.
The first time that you call to XPersistence.getManager() a manager is created and assigned to the current thread and a transaction is created too; the next time that you call it, the same manager is used. At the end of the complete cycle of action execution, OpenXava commits automatically the transaction and closes the manager.
You can optionally commit the transaction in any moment calling to XPersistence.commit(), if after this you use XPersistence.getManager() an new manager and a new transaction are created for you.
You can learn more seeing the API doc of org.openxava.jpa.XPersistence class.
Using JPA from a validator or a callback method
Both validators and callback methods can be executed in flush time, so if you use XPersistence.getManager() from them it can produce problems. If you need to use JPA in your validator or callback method, you will need to open a separate entity manager by means of XPersistence.createManager() (so that JPA does not flush your ongoing create or update). Use code like the following to obtain and use a new EntityManager instance:
EntityManager em = XPersistence.createManager();
//... query logic
em.close(); // You have to close the manager
Also be aware of possible troubles with isolation levels and record locking when using this technique.


text:
Team building is important now more than ever to your team due to the fact that:
- 92% of people link their state of mental health to their jobs
- 25% of all workers are depressed
- Companies are losing over $3 Billion a year due to lower productivity due to corporate unhappiness
- Only 20% of employees feel passionate about their jobs
cityHUNT helps your team to build stronger, more meaningful relationships to help combat the effects of negativity in the workplace. We believe in the power of positive psychology and that everyone should have a strong team to fall back on. Couple these two factors together and a business can thrive and become more productive than they ever thought possible.
We harness the power of positive psychology in our hunts. Negative outlooks narrow our thoughts and range of actions. This makes it hard for employees to think out of the box when solving problems. Our potential for success is greater when we approach a situation with a positive outlook. From the beginning of our hunts to the end a positive vibe is projected to your team from our staffs attitudes, as well as the nature of the tasks that are asked to be completed. Tasks in our hunt are designed to bring joy. When we experience joy/and or happiness our brains get flooded with dopamine and serotonin (the "feel good" chemicals). These chemicals don't just make us feel better, they also increase the learning centers in our brains! This helps with:
- Organization of new information
- Retention of new information
- Retrieval speed of information
- Quicker thinking
- Increased creativity
- Improved complex analysis and problem solving
Your employees will be increasing their potential for success without even knowing it! They will experience the effects of positivity as they work through the challenges our scavenger hunt provides.


Daughter calls for national holiday to mark Mabo decision
14 November 2012
June 3 should be declared a public holiday in honour of Eddie Mabo, according to his daughter, Gail.
"On June 3, 20 years ago, he changed history and that is something to be celebrated," Gail Mabo said in delivering the 2012 Charles Perkins Oration at the University on October 25. "The Americans have Martin Luther King Day. Why can't we have Eddie Mabo Day?" she continued, to an enthusiastic audience in the Great Hall.
The Mabo decision by the High Court, made in 1992 after 10 years of struggle led by Eddie Mabo, rejected the doctrine of terra nullius and recognised the common law concept of native title, giving the Meriam people of Murray Island legal possession of their traditional lands.
"My father was a very powerful man. Short in stature but big in voice. He was a man who could speak to everyone, a man who could command a room," Gail Mabo told the audience.
"He forced a way for others to come through. But he said 'I am just laying a stone'. Yet the recognising of prior ownership allows us to move forward. He made us realise that people are not all the same... and that not all indigenous people are the same."
Gail Mabo said that when she was growing up, her father stressed the importance of words and speech to her. "We have to learn to articulate out words," he told me, because he could not speak very well. English was his second language."
Gail was one of two speakers at this year's oration. She was followed by Brian Keon-Cohen AM QC, who was junior counsel for the plaintiffs throughout the Mabo litigation.
Brian began his address, about the complexity and conflict of the case, with an age-old question: "Did history make the man or did the man make history? Being a conservative lawyer, I think it is a mix of both."
He added that despite the historic nature and principle recognized by the Mabo judgement, it has not yet delivered great benefits to Aboriginal people because of problems within the Native Title Act.
The Dr Charles Perkins AO Memorial Oration was launched in 2001 in collaboration with the University's Koori Centre, and each year features an oration by a leading figure within the field of Indigenous and non-Indigenous race relations.
Established with the full support of the Perkins family, the oration acknowledges Dr Perkins' tireless dedication to human rights and social justice for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.