What To Look For While Choosing E-Surveillance Partner X
Patient Monitoring System for Clinics and Diagnostic Centers
Get a Demo
Importance of Cloud based Security Solutions
Monitored health care is an integral part of any country's basic providence for their citizens. Clinics, clinical pharmacies, and diagnostic centers provide quick services to patients requiring non-emergency care and thus, are visited often. With increase in issues faced by medical centers such as employee theft, illegal drug trade, patient harassment, etc., the need for a smart surveillance mechanism has also increased.
IGZY's patient monitoring system is an integrated ecosystem monitoring a patient's every move inside the premises while also monitoring their vital signs, even without coming in direct contact of doctors.
Getting Started!
Challenges for Clinics and Diagnostic Centers
Drug Misuse
While pharmacies and diagnostic centers are under surveillance at all times, the activities in standalone pharmacies or clinics can often go unmonitored. From prescription less purchases to stolen medication, the inability to monitor the premises can lead to misuse of drugs or illegal trade.
Hygiene Management
Clinics and diagnostic centers are visited by a multitude of patients suffering different ailments. While these visitors may or may not follow social distancing or hygiene protocols, it becomes a major challenge for medical staff to maintain cleanliness and hygiene levels inside the premises.
Access control
While clinics and medical centers are open and accessible to a lot of people, there are certain parts of the premises that should be accessible by authorized members only. A robust security system becomes a requirement to keep round the clock check on centers that operate 24*7.
Forensic Evidence
One of the biggest problems pharmacies and medical centers face is employee theft. The medications, especially opioids are often used and sold illegally to make extra bucks. In the absence of any real time monitoring mechanism employees as well as outsiders can get away with stealing drugs and equipment.
Fragmented ecosystem
Multiple clinics or diagnostic centers situated across different regions are unable to stay updated about the medication requirements of the other sites. This can lead to shortage of supply which could otherwise be handled easily. During the pandemic, the constant need for networking between multiple sites has only increased manifold.
Temperature regulation
Regulation of temperature inside diagnostic centers and pharmacies is essential for the storage of medication and equipment. While some drugs need to be refrigerated, others need to be stored at room temperature. In the absence of any temperature control mechanism centers face the challenge of storing medication properly.
Patient waiting time
In clinics that are visited regularly or receive high volume of calls, patients often find themselves waiting for long periods. With the added misfortune of most patients being sick and weak, this only adds to their frustration and prolongs the total time sick patients spend in queues.
Appointment Management
Managing appointments from different portals without a centralized point of management can lead to discrepancies, like allotting the same time slot to multiple patients. Bookings coming from different channels like online booking, on-call appointments or direct visits add workload on administrative staff.
Legacy systems
Analog CCTV cameras installed on site have many limitations in today's world. Added to this is the fact that these cameras cannot notify surveillance staff of any real time discrepancies. The system can only benefit a site in the presence of a 24*7 operating surveillance staff.
How we can assist your Medical centers
Multi-clinic monitoring
IGZY's smart security solution allows users to monitor multiple clinics or medical centers simultaneously, from a single point of control. The cloud platform receives all the notifications raised in real time, allowing command center personnel to validate the incidents.
Access Management
IGZY's access door sensors notify the relevant authorities anytime a particular door is opened or closed. This not only allows users to maintain a check on whoever visits their clinic or diagnostic center but also monitor everyone who has access to the medication and equipment storage units.
Theft Control
Opioid addictions have been on the rise, leading to multiple thefts from pharmacies that do not sell painkillers or other 'narcotic' medications without prescriptions. IGZY's solution allows users to maintain continuous surveillance over pharmacies to ensure that medical regulations are followed.
Remote refrigeration control
Medications requiring continuous refrigeration can degrade in the case of power outages. However, with full time power back up and real time alert being available to the authorized users directly on their handheld devices, handling the situation is easy. Users can also control the refrigerator settings remotely.
Smoke and fire detection
IGZY's smart smoke sensors can detect the presence of smoke or elevated levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. The smart sensors send an alert over the network to the authorities for their validation of the incident. The authorities can decide in real time to deploy commands to take the necessary actions.
Patient monitoring
Smart patient monitoring systems record and display the patient's medical vital signs such as the pulse rate, blood pressure, body temperature etc., on a monitor. The surveillance mechanism is also used to monitor a patient's movement across the clinic or center as well as their adherence to hygiene protocols.
Benefits for your Medical centers
Mobile management
Cloud based surveillance system allows users to monitor multiple sites and the devices directly from their handheld devices. Mobile applications enable users to change settings, arm/disarm devices or change the escalation priorities.
SOP Adherence
Uninterrupted surveillance with IGZY's solution allows user to monitor the staff's adherence to specified operational and hygiene protocols. Their movement across the premises can be monitored, especially around medication and equipment storage units.
Real time notifications
The smart surveillance solution sends real time notifications to authorized users upon detecting any deviations in performance. The notifications are sent directly to user's device via text message or email, enabling actions in real time.
People counting
The IP camera based surveillance solution equipped with AI & ML capabilities can count the total footfall of the clinic during peak hours or during the whole day. The system monitors all the people entering or exiting the premises.
Our Product Kit
IP Camera
The internet protocol cameras allow users to monitor employee performance while maintaining surveillance over the perimeter of the premises. While outdoor cameras help employers monitor who accesses the perimeter, cameras installed indoors help keep a check on visitors and staff members.
Access Door Sensors
IGZY's access door sensors notify authorities every time a door is opened or closed. These become especially helpful for areas which should not be in the direct reach of any patient or visitor. These notifications can be scheduled during peak hours to monitor footfall as well.
Temperature Sensors
Maintenance of the optimal level of humidity and temperature inside medical premises is necessary for the storage of a wide variety of drugs and equipment. These sensors enable user to maintain predefined atmospheric settings inside the premises. The deviations in these settings are notified to users in real time.
Smoke Sensors
The emission of smoke or possibility of fire is dangerous in any situation, but especially in medical facilities with a multitude of drugs, equipment and personnel inside. IGZY's smart smoke sensors can detect the presence of smoke in the premises, sending notifications to the relevant authorities.
Air Quality Sensor
Given the fact that medical centers are visited by patients suffering from different ailments and respiratory dysfunctions, maintenance of the air quality becomes especially necessary. The sensors can detect any deviation in the CO2 levels of the premises, alerting authorized personnel of the same.
UV Sanitizer
IGZY's UV sanitizer is equipped to disinfect and sanitize any given room within minutes and remove the dread of unnoticeable microorganisms. The UV rays kill every microorganism, sterilizing clinics and diagnostic centers. The UV sanitizer effectively sanitizes any surface, reducing the scope of communicability of diseases.
Smart Bridge
IGZY's smart bridge is responsible for transmitting secured encrypted videos across networks linking them together. Along with transmission, it also performs a wide range of analytics such as people counting and intrusion detection. Supporting both cloud and local storage, these can be accessed via a single platform.
Smart Stethoscope
Clinically supported AI in stethoscopes allows physicians to conduct auscultations remotely, with the help of other healthcare staff. This bluetooth enabled equipment records respiratory and heart sounds for later analysis, reducing the wait time by patients and reduces the chance of doctors coming in contact with patients.
Smart Patient Monitor
IGZY's smart monitors record and display patient's electronic vital signs. The patient monitoring system shows a patient's heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, oxygen saturation of blood as well as the concentration of CO2 in patient's exhaled breath. It notifies clinic staff of any marginal deviations in the vitals.
See what global leaders are saying
Trusted by


text:
district or city council is responsible for:
- Informing the public when the action level is exceeded
- Assisting with identifying sources of contamination
- Implementing steps to abate or remove any sources of contamination.
Find out more
- For more information about recreational water monitoring in a region contact the local regional or unitary council.
- Factsheet on faecal indicator bacteria
- Factsheet on potentially toxic algae
- National Guidelines for recreational water quality monitoring from the 2003 MFE/MOH Microbiological Water Quality Guidelines for Marine and Freshwater Recreational Areas
- National Guidelines for potentially toxic algae monitoring - New Zealand guidelines for cyanobacteria in recreational fresh water: interim guidelines

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Write an argument in which you state and defend a claim in response to the following question: should we spend valuable resources on space exploration? Use credible evidence from the selections that you read and researched in this unit to justify your claim. Support your claim with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, and organize your ideas effectively so that your argument is easy to follow. Remember to address counterclaims, or alternative viewpoints, to your position. Use a formal tone in your writing
Do you know the better answer!
Related Questions in English


text:
When it's time to say, "See you later", sing this short and simple song, perfect for at home or in the classroom!
- See You Later, Alligator
- See You Later, Alligator | featuring The Super Simple Puppets
- Hello, My Friends
- Knock Knock, Trick Or Treat? (Part 2)
- Hello, Reindeer
- Goodbye, Snowman
- Hello Reindeer, Goodbye Snowman
- Hello, Trick Or Treat?
- Goodbye, My Friends
- Five Little Pumpkins
- Give Me Something Good To Eat
- Make A Circle


text:
What's the Latest Development?
While the U.S. sorely lacks a national space agenda, China has recognized the development of space-based solar energy as essential to the betterment of its place in the world. According to the China Academy of Space Technology (C.A.S.T.), "the state has decided that power from outside the earth, such as solar power and the development of other space energy resources is to be China's future direction." In space-based solar power, China sees a sustainable energy source capable of supplying its blossoming economic industries.
What's the Big Idea?
Beyond feeding its economy, China sees the development of space-based energy technologies as important for "social development, disaster prevention and mitigation, and cultivating innovative talents through an increased space effort the likes of which haven't been seen since the Apollo program." In the list of technologies C.A.S.T. plans to develop, many can be used to benefit other kinds of space ambitions, suggesting that energy is but one of China's missions for the development of space.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Glutamate is required for depression but not potentiation of long-term presynaptic function.
Padamsey Z., Tong R., Emptage N.
Hebbian plasticity is thought to require glutamate signalling. We show this is not the case for hippocampal presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTPpre), which is expressed as an increase in transmitter release probability (Pr). We find that LTPpre can be induced by pairing preand postsynaptic spiking in the absence of glutamate signalling. LTPpre induction involves a non-canonical mechanism of retrograde nitric oxide signalling, which is triggered by Ca2+ influx from L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, not postsynaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs), and does not require glutamate release. When glutamate release occurs, it decreases Pr by activating presynaptic NMDARs, and promotes presynaptic long-term depression. Net changes in Pr, therefore, depend on two opposing factors: (1) Hebbian activity, which increases Pr, and (2) glutamate release, which decreases Pr. Accordingly, release failures during Hebbian activity promote LTPpre induction. Our findings reveal a novel framework of presynaptic plasticity that radically differs from traditional models of postsynaptic plasticity.


text:
Nairobi — A rare monkey species, the Tana River Red Colobus, that is only found in Kenya, faces extinction due to encroachment on their habitat by human activities, the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources says.
These monkeys are found in the Kenya Wildlife Services' only primate reserve in the country - the Tana River Primate Reserve.
The KWS warden in charge of the reserve, Mr Francis Mbaka, who has confirmed the developments, said human encroachment on the primate reserve that include farming, grazing and logging were the main cause of the declining population of the Tana River Red Colobus monkey.
"We have now embarked on a massive awareness campaign among communities living around the Tana River Primate Reserve on the need to preserve the reserve for posterity," he said.
Mr Mbaka said human encroachment on the primate reserve had led to its fragmentation, posing a major threat to the Tana River Red Colobus and the Crested Mangabey monkeys.
"The most affected area of the reserve is around the Mchelelo Tented Camp, which is home to the rare monkey species and more than 260 bird species," he said.
Mr Mbaka said 11 square kilometres of the 169 square kilometre reserve that is closed forest has been fragmented into patches, leading to a decline in the population of key monkey species.
The Tana River Red Colobus monkey is among 25 primates which have been included on IUCN's list of endangered species. The world conservation body warns that the primates are in danger of becoming extinct due to unprecedented threat from destruction of tropical forests, illegal wildlife trade and commercial bush meat hunting. Primates from 24 other countries in Africa, Asia and South America are also endangered.


Orthorhombic System
Download PDF
Orthorhombic Crystal System
Bookmark added to your notes.
View Notes
In the study of crystals, there are classifications based on the basic geometry of the crystal. Scientists named these groups the primitive crystal systems. The orthorhombic crystal system is one of the categories into which we can classify our crystalline solids. The names of all the seven crystal systems are as follows: cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, hexagonal, triclinic, monoclinic, and rhombohedral. These systems work on the principle of the three axes on which we draw the crystals and the relation of the axes to each other. This article lays focus on the orthorhombic structure.
Orthorhombic Crystal
In this category of crystal systems, we can place the crystal on three mutually perpendicular axes which are of unequal length. This property is the defining characteristic of this group. The orthorhombic crystal system has its own set of unit cells. To understand what a unit cell is, one must imagine the atoms or atom groups in the crystal structure as points. If we join these points, we obtain a structure known as the lattice. If we observe, this lattice consists of stacks of blocks, and these we call unit cells.
Orthorhombic Unit Cell
The orthorhombic unit cell has its own set of unique characteristics. This unit cell has a set of three axes which we call the axes of twofold symmetry. If we rotate the crystal about these lines by an angle of 180°, the crystal will not change its appearance. To fulfill this property, the unit cell must have certain defined characteristics. In an orthorhombic unit cell, the angle between any two edges is always 90°. The edge lengths can, however, be unequal.
Examples of Orthorhombic Structure
Some examples of crystalline solids which take up the orthorhombic structure are as follows:
 - enargite
 - marcasite
 - cerussite
 - barite
 - staurolite
 - topaz
 - orthoenstatite
 - aragonite
 - olivine
 - cementite
 - alpha-sulfur
[Image will be Uploaded Soon]
Variants of the Orthorhombic Crystal System
The orthorhombic system undergoes further classification to give rise to three subgroups of crystals. The common characteristic of these subgroups is that they consist of three mutually perpendicular axes which are unequal in length. These types are named the body-centered orthorhombic crystal system, base-centered orthorhombic crystal system, and face-centered orthorhombic crystal system respectively. The definitions of each of these crystal systems are as below:
 - Body-centered Orthorhombic Crystal System: In this type of crystal structure, the lattice point is in the middle of the unit cell.
 - Base-centred Orthorhombic Crystal System: In this type of crystal structure, there is a lattice point in the middle of each of the two ends.
 - Face-centered Orthorhombic Crystal System: In this type of crystal structure, there exists a lattice point in the middle of each side.
Solved Examples
Q. Define an Orthorhombic Crystal
Answer: Orthorhombic system is one of the structural categories of crystals systems into which we can classify crystalline solids. In this type of crystal structure, the lattice consists of three axes that are perpendicular to each other and whose lengths may or may not be inconsistent.
Q. State Whether this Statement is True or Not: In the Orthorhombic Crystal System, All Axial Angles are of the Same Value and are Identical.
Answer: The statement is correct. The orthorhombic structure is such that all the crystallographic angles are of the same measure. This property is a fundamental characteristic of this type of crystal.
Q. State How a Crystal Structure and a Crystal System are Different Terminologies.
Answer: When we talk about a crystal structure, we mean the arrangement of atoms and the geometry which exists within the unit cell of the crystal. However, when talking of crystal systems, only the unit cell geometry comes into consideration. For example, body-centered and face-centered are crystal structures that fall under the orthorhombic crystal system.
Q. Why is it So Essential to Know about Crystal Systems?
Answer: The importance of our awareness of crystal systems and crystal structures becomes clear when we obtain crystalline solids for use in our daily life. Two crystals having different structures will exhibit very different physical characteristics. The finest example of this is graphite and diamond. Due to their separate crystal systems and structures, one of these solids is exceptionally hard while the other is soft. These properties define their application, and thus, knowing how these crystals will behave under different physical conditions is essential.
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q. Explain the Unique Symmetric Characteristics of the Orthorhombic System and How it is Different from the Monoclinic System.
Answer: The characteristic feature of the orthorhombic system is that it contains a 2-fold axis of rotational symmetry. This is exceptionally unique as the 2-fold axis of symmetry also coincides with the crystal's c axis. In most other cases, when the axes of rotational symmetry coincide with the c axis, the axes are usually 3-fold and therefore, isometric. The orthorhombic system is, however, unique and has its 2-fold structure. Approximately every orthorhombic crystal contains a 2-fold axis of rotational symmetry. These axes lie in two perpendicular planes which mirror each other. This feature is often enough to classify a crystal as orthorhombic and distinguish it from the monoclinic category.
Q. Briefly Discuss the Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Bravais Lattices of the Orthorhombic System.
Answer: The following are brief notes on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional Bravais lattices which are a part of the orthorhombic crystal system:
 - Two-dimensional:
In the two-dimensional system of Bravais lattices, we have two orthorhombic structures, namely: primitive rectangular lattice and centered rectangular lattice. These also have alternate names such as centered rhombic unit cell for the primitive rectangular type and primitive rhombic unit cell for the centered rectangular lattice type.
 - Three-dimensional:
In the three-dimensional Bravais lattice system, there are four types of orthorhombic crystals. These crystal structures are named as follows: primitive orthorhombic crystal structure, base-centered orthorhombic crystal structure, body-centered orthorhombic crystal structure, and face-centered orthorhombic crystal structure.


text:
This post is the second in a series of eight profiling automobiles in the museum's collection. At the conclusion of the series on Tuesday, December 21, the public will be invited to vote for one favorite among the eight cars. The two automobiles with the most votes in the "Race to the Museum" contest will be displayed in the museum from January 22 to February 21, 2011.
Stephen Balzer traveled in the best circles, both socially and mechanically. Trained as a watch maker at Tiffany & Co., he became a machinist and inventor. He won a gold medal for a register that counted revolutions of mechanisms with a shaft and numbered, toothed wheels. In 1894, Balzer built a vehicle with a gasoline engine that rotated around a crankshaft. He drove the whirring quadricycle into the history books as the first American-made gasoline automobile in New York City.
In 1898, Smithsonian Secretary Samuel Langley hired Balzer to build a gasoline engine for the Aerodrome A, an experimental powered airplane. The following year, Balzer donated his experimental vehicle to the Smithsonian, where it earned another distinction as the first motor vehicle in the collection. Balzer's rotary airplane engine wasn't star-crossed, however; it was underpowered and had to be modified by Langley's assistant, Charles Manly. Despite the improvements, the Aerodrome A flew like a brick, and honors for the first powered flight went to the Wright brothers. Balzer built at least one other experimental automobile and briefly tried to manufacture cars. His 1894 vehicle remains a testimony to his skill—and proof that you can go places simply by going around in circles.
Roger White is Associate Curator in the Division of Work and Industry at the National Museum of American History.


text:
gobbler (plural gobblers)
- (slang) A turkey.
- One who eats food very quickly, without decorum.
- My dog is such a gobbler: she can empty her food dish in less than a minute.
one who eats quickly
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.


text:
The following is testimony from Lyle Jepson, Dean of Entrepreneurial Programs at Castleton University and Director of Rutland Economic Development Corporation, in front of the Vermont House Committee on Education on January 17, 2017.
Today I will ask you to prioritize economic growth and population growth in your decisions about education policy.
Castleton University believes that higher education is an economic driver. That belief is exemplified in Castleton's growth into the Rutland region. The purchase and repurposing of Spartan Arena, the upcoming construction of the Spartan Dome, the introduction of three art galleries in the City's downtown, the location of the Castleton Polling Institute, creation of the Center for Entrepreneurial Programs, the daily work being undertaken to connect business and industry with University interns, and most recently, and the opening of student housing in downtown Rutland, directly enhance our region's ability to attract and retain a workforce that is vitally needed for our continued economic recovery.
Because of Castleton's leadership and, specifically, President David Wolk's vision, Rutland Economic Development Corporation requested that Castleton University lead the County's economic development efforts. Castleton University and Rutland Economic Development Corporation now share one roof and blur the lines between education and training and economic development.
Vermont is at a critical economic tipping point. We have learned that employers have unfilled jobs. Access to skilled workers is an urgent need. Our workforce is aging. Families are having fewer children.
Our education policy is in the process of catching up to these changes. Agencies and departments – including education and economic development – need:
- a common understanding of Vermont's most urgent problems, and
- common language to describe and measure outcomes.
We need to make sure that the puzzle pieces fit and that the policy decisions that are made reflect the need to increase Vermont's population. We need to link economic growth with population growth.
For discussion purposes, I have attached three documents:
- population projections for Rutland County,
- a Regional Marketing Initiative Overview, and
- the Joint REDC / Rutland Region Chamber of Commerce Policy Report.
The Joint Policy Report connects Governor Scott's "Comprehensive Blueprint for Economic Growth" and the work that REDC and the RRCC will be supporting. Our primary focus is on population and economic growth through regulatory reform and workforce development. Within "Workforce," the importance of K-12 education, specifically technical education, is highlighted.
Castleton University, Rutland Economic Development Corporation and the Rutland Region Chamber of Commerce will work closely with high school and college/university partners to connect education and employers with work based learning and internship opportunities.
We want you to:
- Support continued implementation of Act 46 school district restructuring and consolidation; we have too much supply and not enough demand.
- Require the Agency of Education to oversee consistent application of Act 77: Flexible Pathways within technical center service regions – and ideally, throughout the state;
- Require a common school calendar, common graduation requirements and equal access by all students to school choice within technical center service regions;
- Allow access to technical education beginning in 9th grade;
- Support statewide recruitment campaigns to bring back and retain young Vermonters or professionals with some link to Vermont (the state has begun such an effort but it is underfunded);
- Increase financial support for higher education as outlined by the Vermont State College system request; and
- Invite the Vermont Futures Project to present their data on workforce trends and needs. They have collected data that indicates the need for almost 11,000 new employees each year, every year, for the next 15 years in order to fill the workforce gap that has been created by an aging workforce and declining population.
Governor Scott will be judging decisions based upon:
- Economic growth, and
- Protecting the most vulnerable.
By now you have heard from hard-working, committed professionals from across the state about:
- Career Pathways for Vermont's students in areas of high skill, high demand, and high paying jobs,
- Career Readiness,
- The importance of 3rd party validation of credentials that are valued by business and industry,
- The professional development needs of school leaders,
- Work-based learning,
- Dual enrollment,
- Act 166,
- Act 77,
- Proficiency-based graduation requirements,
- Standards-based assessment procedures,
- The need for a Talent Pipeline Management system that supports business and industry, and more…
All of the these initiatives are important, and the bottom line is that everyone wants very similar outcomes: a talented workforce that is benefiting from a strong economy and a workforce that is drawn to Vermont's cultural and adventure-based activities – a place they choose to live, work and play. In many ways, we are on the right track.
But Rutland County, in particular, is hard-hit by the declining population. This demographic change effects everything from property values to what schools can afford to offer their students.
In conclusion, I hope you have heard this message:
- Continue the initiatives that are underway – stay the course with Act 46 and Act 77,
- Eliminate any barriers facing students who wish to participate in technical education,
- Approve the request for an increase in funding for the Vermont State College system, and
- Ensure that all state agencies work together towards common goals. Today, by executive order, Governor Scott has aligned the Department of Labor and Agency of Commerce and Community Development. We applaud any and all efforts that will enhance efficiencies, communication and outcomes. We can not have isolated silos of responsibility and expect positive outcomes.
In Rutland, our goal is to collaborate in innovative and bold ways. We believe that economic growth and population growth are inextricably linked to each other, and to Vermont's success. If our population grows, and the result of that is economic growth, we will no longer be burdened by re-slicing the state's budgetary pie. We will have a bigger pie to slice.
I urge you to consider whether your future decisions will support population growth. It is such growth that will spur economic development, bolster property values, increase state revenues, and allow us to provide the comprehensive educational programming that all of our children need and deserve.


text:
Apparantly your handwriting - the way you form your letters, write yoru cursives and slant your text, reveals alot about your personality. The science of Handwriting Analysis is called Graphology and has been around since quill has been on paper.
Real Simple Magazine has a easy series of lessons to help you analyze your handwriting while How Stuff Works goes into all the great details of graphology's history and even its use in law enforcement (wow):
In the world of forensic analysis, which includes crime scene investigation, DNA testing, fiber analysis, fingerprint analysis, voice identification and narcotics analysis, to name just a few of the disciplines, handwriting analysis fits into the area of questioned documents. Questioned document examiners (QDEs) analyze documents for signs of alteration, forgery and, when sample documents are available, handwriting or typing comparisons to determine or rule out authorship (and/or tie a document to a specific machine in the case of typing). Handwriting analysis is a tedious and methodical process that relies on extensive knowledge of the way people form letters, which characteristics of letter formation are unique and the physiological processes behind writing - the ways in which a person's fine-motor skills can affect his or her handwriting and leave clues about the author's identity.
I find handwriting analysis fascinating. In fact I know of one executive recruiter firm that uses graphology to judge whether someone is good for a certain job opening. Check out these books on handwriting analysis and see if you can fool the experts!


text:
Really, Really Old Chinese Wine
Fancy drinking some really, really old Chinese wine?
Archaeologists say they may have discovered the oldest wine ever uncovered in Chinese history. Scientists recently unearthed six wine vessels dating back to West Zhou Dynasty of 1046 BC – 771 BC. and they say they can hear a liquid sloshing around inside.
So far scientists haven't come up with a safe way to extract the liquid because they say the vessel contains an anti-drinking device that was common to the time it was created. The prohibition device was attached to the wine vessel as a way to encourage drinking in moderation.


Skip to main content
Surrender vs Submission vs Capitulation
Surrendersubmissioncapitulation denote the act of yielding up one's person, one's forces, or one's possessions to another person or power.
Surrender usually implies a state of war and present domination by a victor or by an admittedly stronger power; in addition it often also implies the immediate cessation of fighting
Submission often implies surrender (as of an army, its supplies, and its fortifications), but it stresses the acknowledgment of the power or authority of another and often suggests loss of independence; it is used especially of those who rebel or of those whose weak condition leaves them at the mercy of a stronger power or subject to its threats. Unlike surrender, submission often implies not a previous state of war but a threat of disastrous warfare.
Capitulation also implies surrender, but it suggests a conditional one on terms agreed upon between the parties or the commanders of the forces concerned.


Biodegradable Capsule Turns Your Body into a Tree
Biodegradable Capsule Turns Your Body into a Tree
For many, what happens to you after death is not something you think about on a regular basis, but with current advances in technology, you might be surprised to learn that there are some interesting options. Besides normal burial or cremation, there are many less expensive or even less environmentally impactful alternatives. One Kickstarter project aims as turning your ashes into a living breathing tree so you can live on and continue making an impact. The Bios Incube biodegradable urn and partnering capsule automatically will grow a tree and water the plant through its internal sensors, check out the video below.
Biodegradable urns have been around for a while now, and this product is one that accompanies the already on the market Bios Urn. Essentially, it is a capsule filled with sensors that tracks the tree's growth and tailors its treatment to what the plant needs to thrive. Now, you may be wondering why you need to purchase a several thousand dollar machine that just grows a tree, but think about it, do you want to be the one that accidentally kills your passed on loved ones tree? This product allows those who have suffered loss to grow and remember their loved ones in a healthy and beneficial manner, all the while never having to worry about not having a green thumb.
To add another level to the plant growing capsule, it will even send you notifications if the location your tree is growing in is not ideal for its health. You may have never heard of this product, but over 60,000 bios urns have been sold to date, and the market for alternative burial methods is growing rapidly. The need then shifts not to more methods, but rather how to sustain such innovative burial techniques.
The goal, claims Bios, is to turn cemeteries into living breathing forests that represent the legacy those who have passed on leave to us still here on the earth. It is very beautiful to think about a tangible living plant that is grown from someone you have lost.
bios incube tree product[Image Source: Bios Incube]
With moisture, conductivity, and temperature sensors built in to the device, it will monitor just about every variable essential to growing a healthy thriving plant. If you really want to be turned into a tree, but are worried about dying suddenly and it never taking place, they have little device called the Bios seed. Essentially, it is a small storage device that lets you select what type of tree you would like to become, where you would like to be buried, and who gets to see this information. If for some reason you die, the company can facilitate growth and burial as well as supplying loved ones with all of the necessary furnishings for DIY growth.
bios incube tree death urn[Image Source: Bios Incube]
The engineering and creativity behind this innovative burial technique makes you think, "maybe I do want to become a tree." Thats the whole point, with the eco-friendly nature of a new tree and the tangible effects to loved ones, it seems that for many, being turned into a beautiful tree is their after life destiny.
SEE ALSO: 4 High-Tech Alternatives To Death
Follow Us on
Stay on top of the latest engineering news
Just enter your email and we'll take care of the rest:


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In statistics, the midhinge is the average of the first and third quartiles and is thus a measure of location. Equivalently, it is the 25% trimmed mid-range or 25% midsummary; it is an L-estimator.
The midhinge is complemented by the H-spread, or interquartile range, which is the difference of the third and first quartiles and which is a measure of statistical dispersion, in sense that if one knows the midhinge and the interquartile range, one can find the first and third quartiles.
The use of the term "hinge" for the lower or upper quartiles derives from John Tukey's work on exploratory data analysis,[1] and "midhinge" is a fairly modern term dating from around that time. The midhinge is slightly simpler to calculate than the trimean, which originated in the same context and equals the average of the median and the midhinge.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ Tukey, J.W. (1977) Exploratory Data Analysis, Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-07616-0
External links[edit]


Change Font Size
Reset Text Size Reduce Text Size Increase Text Size
Reading/Language Arts Blog
The Ins and Outs of Using Anchor Charts as Teaching Tools
When I first began teaching, my colleagues told me something that stayed with me, "Your walls are teaching even when you are not." I took this to mean that what I put on my walls should be significant and easily remembered by students. Although I certainly improved my ability to create quality charts that align with skills and concepts, I still continue to discover effective ways to convey information to students through this teaching tool. Posters display information for students to remember, and they remain constant. However, anchor charts are created in-the-moment based on the day's learning. Creating anchor charts with students is a great way to invite them into the learning.
What is an anchor chart? What is it not?
An anchor chart provides an anchor for thinking. It will support the lesson's objective. Anchor charts are created as teachers are presenting a lesson. As teachers present the lesson, they can provide information to support a process or a skill. For example, to explain how the setting influences plot in literary text, students might co-create an anchor chart with the teacher depicting a diagram of sequenced plot elements for a specific literary text, including conflict and resolution. In a separate anchor chart, students can identify the setting and place it in a circle. Bubbles extending from the circle will include text evidence to support the identified setting. After analyzing the plot and setting, students can complete the following sentence frame (TEKS, Grade 3, Strand 4).
The setting in this story is __________, and it influences the plot by __________.
This type of chart is a strategy anchor chart because it can be used over and over again to practice a skill with various literary texts.
Anchor charts are a bit different than posters. Posters are typically created before a lesson. Although the teacher might have a pre-determined idea for an anchor chart, the content is not created until students are sitting with the teacher and able to contribute. Sometimes posters are used year after year, and they do not change. Anchor charts are created with students as the learning occurs, so they are fresh and relevant. Effective anchor charts are not only room décor, but they are actually used as a teaching tool, revisited often as students are learning.
Types of Anchor Charts
 - Process Charts
Process charts provide students with a concept and then a list of steps or strategies to follow. For example, in the following anchor chart, teachers can facilitate an understanding of the process with student input (TEKS Strand 2).
Making an Inference
Choose meaningful text evidence
"When Jeena opened the letter, she smiled, jumped, shouted, and ran to show her friend, Isabella."
Determine what you already know
When someone gets excited or happy about something, the person smiles, jumps, or shouts. It is nice to share good news with a friend.
Draw a conclusion about the
meaning of the text
Jeena has just learned that she will be playing the lead part in the school play.
text evidence + background knowledge = inference
Process charts generally have a manageable number of steps to follow and can be easily remembered. Sometimes when students encounter problems when going through a process, a step-by-step chart can help them have a reference for support. At some point, most students will no longer need the process anchor chart because they have a deep understanding of how to complete the steps. Additionally, visual representations can often be included as well. It is important to keep challenging students with additional process charts as new concepts are learned. After concepts are learned by most students, the anchor chart can be re-visited for re-teaching or working with small groups.
 - Interactive Charts
Interactive charts take many forms. An interactive chart allows for students to categorize information or make decisions about their learning. For example, if students are learning the meaning of synonym and antonym, the interactive chart includes two columns, and pairs of students might provide synonyms and antonyms for a word provided by the teacher. Students can write their responses on sticky notes and post them on the anchor chart for the class to discuss.
Synonym (same)
Antonym (opposite)
Interactive anchor charts can include graphic organizers that can be memorable and reproducible.
Displaying Charts
Determining how students will have access to charts is an important consideration. Some teachers house the anchor charts in categories throughout the classroom. For example, one part of the room might be labeled Charts for Writing Skills or Charts for Thinking Skills. Anchor charts can then be revisited and used as a reference when needed, or sometimes additional information can be added. A simple clothesline can keep anchor charts in great shape and visible. When anchor charts are being used or revisited, it is easy to unclip them and move them to an easel or white board as a lesson focus. Charts that contain previously learned material can be kept for use in small groups as needed. A clothes hangar can also be used to persevere an anchor chart until it is re-visited.
As the school year ends, capturing the charts in pictures or creating smaller versions of the charts for an Anchor Chart Binder might help spark ideas for the next year when new charts will be created.
Making Charts Come Alive
There are ways to make anchor charts come alive for students. Although content is the focus, providing charts that appeal to students and how their brains categorize information is an important consideration.
 - Create a clear heading or title so that the anchor chart's purpose is clear
 - Use multiple, vibrant colors to differentiate information/ideas; monochromatic anchor charts make it more difficult for some students to separate categories and concepts
 - Lettering can also be changed to separate ideas or categories. Here are some easy ways to create a different look for different steps or categories.
 - Use bright colors around black letters to make them "glow".
 - Add dashes of different colors to one side of the letters.
 - Add dots to the end of each letter.
 - Thicken the down stroke of each letter.
 - Use borders that brighten and accentuate separate ideas or categories.
 - Use different shapes to categorize information (circle, square, hexagon).
 - Use shapes that align with the chart's information; for example, a chart depicting metacognition might include the shape of a brain.
 - If you have use of technology that displays text on a screen, place paper on the screen and pull up the title with a font and size that fits onto the paper; trace and fill in letters to create an eye-catching title for your chart.
 - Change the shape of the chart itself to create eye-catching interest.
Include Time for Anchor Chart Creation in the Lesson Design
Anchor chart creation should be a consideration in designing a lesson so that it is aligned with the objective. Although charts are co-created with students, a chart's graphic organizer, frame, or design can already be created. Time should be allowed to co-create a chart's content during the lesson.
Anchor charts should align and support a lesson's objective, adding an illustrative and demonstrative component to students' learning. The visual enhancement that anchor charts bring to your students' learning will help make the lesson's content engaging and memorable!
Use the following link to register for Region 4 ESC professional learning sessions to support your endeavors to make the spring 2020 semester the best ever!
Built with Kalibrate CMS.NET Framework


text:
The scientific foundation of no touch torture by Martin Bott
Electromagnetic fields such as radio frequency and laser radiations always cause an electric current if they are acting on conducting materials such as metals and the human body. To have an effect on the nerves or the muscles this current needs to imitate the currents used by the body, as is the case with the commercially available muscle trainers or other bioelectric apparatus.
The currents used by the nerves have a low frequency in the order between several hertz to several kilohertz. To produce such low frequency currents through high frequency microwave or laser radiation several methods are used.
One technique is to use beats between two high frequency electromagnetic radiations with slightly different frequencies. These beats are actually a low frequency electromagnetic field which then causes a low frequency current. The frequency of the beats is actually the frequency difference between the two high frequency fields.
If an electromagnetic field of 1 Ghz and another of 1 Ghz plus 100 hertz are interacting, the resulting beats have a frequency of 100 hertz. These electromagnetic beats cause a current with a frequency of 100 hertz which then contracts muscles.
If the frequency of the beats is in the audible range, one would hear a sound or voice depending on the signal being used for modulation. Technically spoken one would overlay two high frequency electromagnetic radiations of equal frequency. To one of these microwave or laser radiations the desired low frequency signal, for example recorded nerve pulses or voice is added in a way that leads to an addition of the high frequency and the low frequency signal. The resulting beats between the two high frequency signals consist of a low frequency electromagnetic field which has the characteristics of the added nerve pulses or voice. This electromagnetic Field then causes an electrical current similar to the nerve pulses or voice added to the high frequency signal. And such an artificial nerve current has the same effect as the nerve currents used by the body.
Another possibility is to use an asymmetric electromagnetic field where the positive component has a different frequency from the negative component. Electric currents in the body are not caused by moving electrons as in metals but are mainly ionic currents. That is, they consist of moving electrically charged Atoms. These Atoms have a certain mass and size. Their relative size causes them to have, additional to their electrical resistance, a mechanical resistance in the body fluid. If the ion is moved faster, its mechanical resistance rises even faster.
The mechanical resistance rises as the square of the speed. This means that if the speed is doubled, the resistance is 2×2 which gives a value of 4. And if the speed rises by a factor of 3 the mechanical resistance rises by 3×3 which is 9. This effect can be felt if one moves the hand slow and fast through water.
As a consequence the ions conducting the current in the body experience a higher mechanical resistance if moved at higher frequencies as compared to lower frequencies. If the high frequency signal is asymmetric, meaning that the positive component of the sine wave has a different frequency as the negative component, the ion experiences two different mechanical resistances as well.
Since the energies of both components of the signal are equal, the ions are moved back and forth by the asymmetric field. But because of the lower mechanical resistance during slow movement they move a bit further in the direction enforced by of the lower frequency component.
This is illustrated with a DVD being moved through water in the Film 4 Strahlenwaffen. Such an asymmetric electromagnetic field can be generated with frequencies up to many Ghz by fast synthesizers. These asymmetric high frequency fields are causing ionic electric currents which can simulate nerve pulses in the body.
This techniques are used for brainwashing as well. If the parts of the brain which are passing the nerve signal from the ear to the brain are irradiated with such a speech modulated signal, the resulting voice is not being heard, as it is not coming from the ear. But it is not being thought either as it is not coming from inside the brain. That can make it difficult to decide whether specific thoughts or opinions are the result of brainwashing. Especially if one is not aware of this possibility. Brainwashing can be suspected if opinions or thoughts are openly false or even lead to dangerous behavior like taking drugs, drinking and smoking.
Suitably speech modulated electromagnetic fields are perceived as being heard or thought by certain brain regions involved in hearing. In a similar way the regions of the brain responsible for seeing can be stimulated by electromagnetic fields. The question arises to what extend this can be used. It is known that every point on the surface of the body corresponds to another point on the surface of the brain with regard to feeling, hearing and seeing. The surface of the brain is, so to speak, an image of the surface of the body with regard to data processing. Points being close together on the surface of the body or the retina are as well close together in the respective region of the brain. The region responsible for seeing is situated in the backof the skull, right over the neck and named visual cortex.
This opens the possibility to stimulate this region of the brain with laser using the techniques described in detail elsewhere in this text. A high resolution low frequency or asymmetric electromagnetic field being produced by heterodyning of two laser beams is used to scan the surface of the visual cortex. On its way over the brain surface it stimulates the nerves to cause the impression of seeing. And thus "write" a picture or a film onto the visual cortex.
There are two major obstacles to simply "write" a picture onto the brain. The first is that the structure and organization of every brain is a little different. The second is that the surface of the visual cortex is quite large and as a consequence is bent to fit into the scull resulting in a three dimensional structure.
The laser has to write the picture without the computer exactly knowing which part of the brain surface is matching a given point on the retina. This problem certainly would result in a distorted picture being "seen". With modern computer techniques, matching a picture or a film to the bent surface of the brain, it is possible to write an exact picture onto the brain. The difficulty is to know which point on the brain corresponds to which point on the retina. This demands a possibility to calibrate the laser weapons.
But how can the brain, the retina and nerves in general be tapped with a sufficient high resolution at some distance? If a microwave signal is interacting with a low frequency signal such as is occurring in a nerve, both are heterodyning. This heterodyning causes signals with the frequencies microwave+nerve signal and another one microwave-nerve signal. As these resulting signals are microwave signals as well, they are radiating from the nerve and can be received at some distance, allowing direct measurement of the electric activity of the nerves.
The voltage of a nerve pulse measures about 50 to 100 millivolts. There are electronic circuits for transmitters operating with 600 millivolt and even less. These of course only have a short range of maybe 10 or 20 meters. However, the alternating voltage in the antenna of such a transmitter may not be much higher than 100 millivolt. Similar oscillating voltages result in similar radiated power. The nerves may not radiate as good as a metallic antenna but with the use of low noise amplifiers this may be compensated to some extend. A range of 5 to 10 meters for such a nerve tapping system seems to be reasonable and is more than what is necessary to map the electric activity of the retina and the brain.
The system needs two high resolution laser beams with slightly different frequencies to produce one beam of beats in the microwave range. These high resolution beats scan the group of nerves to be mapped. The local heterodyning between the electromagnetic beats in the microwave range and the nerve pulses cause microwave signals of different frequencies which are radiated. This allows to measure the nerve activity at some distance with a resolution depending on the resolution of the laser.
The technique is employed in the following way: One system is scanning the retina to exactly measure the local nerve activity with a high resolution. This allows at least to get a precise image of the patterns seen by the nerves of the retina at this moment. Maybe even a coloured picture similar to that seen with the eyes at this moment can be generated. A second system is simultaneously scanning the visual cortex.
During seeing a nerve signal from a spot on the retina is passed through the nerve system to the corresponding spot in the visual cortex. This spot then shows a nerve activity corresponding to the activity on the retina. Patterns seen by the eye show up on the surface of the brain as well.
Due to the irregular structure of the brain these patterns certainly will appear spatially distorted, but always in the same way. The technique described allows to map the retina and the visual cortex within seconds to gain sufficient data concerning the spatial distortion. This data then can be used to match a picture or a film to the spacial distortion in the visual cortex. This corrected picture will then be "seen" undistorted if written onto the brain with laser techniques.
Once this calibration is done any picture or film can be written at great distance onto the visual cortex. Certainly the picture seen by the eyes can be reproduced at great distances as well, using radar and lidar techniques to measure the direction the eyes are looking into. The picture of the area the eyes are looking into can be obtained by radar and lidar as well. This allows the possibility to write a modified or morphing picture or film of the reality into the visual cortex of the brain. This modified picture then interferes with the picture seen through the eyes. This technique seems to be used to simulate hallucinations by introduction of additional pictures or colours. The quality of the pictures and films being transmitted with this technique is unknown but may be very high. Certainly this technique


Ministry reforms school entry rules
This is a new point in the ministry's recently announced draft circular on university enrolment. The move aims to ensure quality of teacher training institutions and relieve public concern, especially after many students with low examination results were recently admitted to teacher training institutions. The change will also mean that more students will have opportunity to attend universities. Universities, especially private ones or less popular ones, should find it easier to enroll enough students. Besides using high school exams for university admission, universities and colleges could organize their own exams to select students suitable to their needs and goals. According to the draft, teacher training institutions can consider university admission to students with good performance in 12th grade. Colleges and vocational schools can consider admission to students with average studying performance. Students from high schools for gifted students can be admitted to teacher training institutions if they earned first, second or thirds prizes in contests at province, national or international levels. In previous years, only students with national or international prizes received the incentive. Another new regulation in this year's university enrollment is that universities, colleges and vocational schools are not allowed to enroll if they don't publicize how many of their students get jobs within 12 months of graduating. They also have to publicize information on their facilities including classes, labs, equipment and their staff. In Vietnam, students are classified into three areas to get extra points for their high school graduation and university entrance exams based on… [Read full story]
Link and


's what the break keyword does. So let's run that now. Compile it. First you can see it says hello, world. Hello, world. Hello, world. So, as soon as I is equal to two, we break from the loop. So in addition to break, you also have the continue keyword that allows you to skip over an inspiration. So I'll show you how to do that with the for loop. So what's this Then? We're gonna print out the index as before, and I'm just gonna compile that to show you that that works Fine. You can see that. _PHONE_ Let's skip over three. Yeah, So if I equals three, continue. And now if we can polit now, we can see it skipped over three. We have _PHONE_ Isn't output it now? Why is that? Because we go in here, we say, If I is three, then continue to the next iteration of the loop. I want to leave this loop for this situation and pretend it never happened. So then it immediately skip straight to I plus plus and stops executing here. And then obviously I then becomes four. And the loop continues is I call the three? No, it's for So continue is never called again and we print as usual. So the final loop I want to show you is the do wall loop. So let's do do owe on it filled it him for us. Brilliant. So essentially it's similar to the while loop, apart from the condition, happens last with a traditional while loop. What happens is we say while this expression is true, run this code whereas in a do, although we say run this code on if the expression here is true, run it again. So that's the difference here on just to demonstrate this If I do print f first loop and then I do print f second loop And now if I go to here and I compile again. I run that you can see Second loop is output ID. Let me just do a break here as well so we can leave, cause that's currently an infinite loop. Right? So you can see the only second loop is out. Put it on. Why is that? Because here it is false. So this never gets run, but with a do while the codes run first and then the expressions checked. So if this was zero and we try that again, we can see second loops still runs even though it is not even though it is not true. And just to get rid of the break is well, to show you that isn't what's leaving. You can see second loops still run. So essentially the expression here zero. But because the codes run first, it doesn't reach this expression until the end. So it knows not to loop back around. But it will at least 21 loop, because it's a do well, whereas the while expects the expression first on because it zero it never gets run. The do while runs the code first and then expects the expression, which is why we get second loop. Even 10 is here. If you have true here, it will be an infinite loop. So that's do while on the difference between while and do well. So I hope that makes sense. Please send me a message. Do you have any trouble understanding that? 18. Legacy C: good afternoon and welcome. I wanted to show you some legacy C. Now some C compilers used the old standards, which means there's more rules that you have to follow on. They were removed and replaced better standards. Um, so, for example, in certain versions of of C language, you will have an error or a warning. If you define variables underneath function calls or even if statements now in old style, see, variables have to be declared at the top. They have to. So that's an important thing to note right there. How you get around this without with an old compiler is you can do things like this. So by putting those two, um, races, anything you define here will count is a new scope. So it will work. The same applies for if statements. So this would be legal. Uh, but this would not. So the new scope basically resets the rules on allows you. Teoh defined variables at the start in scope, but it has to be at the top of the scope. So that's basically an important rule in old style. See, is that variables have to be declared at the top of a scope So it makes you remember that there's ways to get around these rules, which I'll show you laid up in a moment. The next thing I want to show you is I showed you four lips recently, right? Uh, on certain versions of C, you can't do it like this. You have to instead do it like this. I know it's quite silly, right? That's why it was replaced with a better standard in the newer versions of See You Can. You Can Do It like that and there's no problem. So if you wanted to be able to access new of functionality and your compilers complaining, you could always try and change your standard on the compiler. It is a modern compiler. It might be using older versions by default, so I can show you how to do that. Now, when you go to compel your program, you essentially go to compile it like normal, and then you do STD for standard See, standard basically equals C 11 on that should push you back up to the newest standards. However, if you're compilers legacy, it might not know about standard C 11 in which case look for the highest standard for you, compiler. You can, or or or replace your compiler with a complete new one. Um, so, yeah, that I hope that covers legacy. Seaga's I was quite important to get across. 19. Nesting Statements: Hello, guys. And welcome on in this lecture, we're gonna learn how to nest statements. So, essentially, you know, we've bean talking about if statements and stuff like that, Well, you can actually ness them. So how that works is, uh it could be like this and then you can say print f hello, world. So then what will happen is if this is true, which it is, this one, it will come in here. Then it will say, If this is true and it isn't so, we'll never get run. But if both of these conditions are true, then it would run this on. This is called nesting Where you where you can nest statements down and down and down. But you should be careful when doing this because too many statements can make the code look very ugly. Like, for example, if I keep doing if statements constantly going down Look how ugly it starts to look, right? Yeah. So what I tend to do to get around there is let's say there's a function that is taking some arguments and you want to check that the data is legal or valid first. What I do is I check his legal or on valid. And if it isn't, then I just return. I just I just returned from the function, you know, usually it would be a void or something, and I would just return. Oh, I would pass back estate. So that way, then you can just do your if statements is normal because you know that you finished the execution program so much like if statements, four loops can also be nested, all statements can. So, you know, I could do something like this. So if if this statement is true, which it is, run this followed and then print whatever is in here. So I just wanted to demonstrate that you can nest statements, so it's quite an important thing to get across. 20. Global Variables And Positioning: Hello, guys. And welcome back in this lecture, we're going to discuss global variables. So currently, we've discussed local variables which are simply variables declared in a scope. Now, a global variable is a variable declared outside of the scope, such as here, for example, on what we've now done is we've created ABC variable that could be accessed through multiple functions so ABC can be accessed here, or it could be access here. Now. What if we create a variable named ABC here? What happens? Well, it works. Instead, This ABC will be set online. 12. When we say ABC equals 30 it will change this one. Not this one. Now, in C parables can share the same name so long as they're not in the same scope. So, for example, this is not allowed. However, this is allowed. And if we was to do ABC equals five here on, then ABC equals 10 here. What would happen is when we enter, what would happen is here we create a variable named ABC. We said it to 20. We now create another vary variable called ABC that is unrelated to the one online 11. Here. We set this 1 to 20. We then set this one again to five. Online online 15 here. We now believe we now leave this scope so this variable gets removed. Deleted is no longer accessible. And if you want to try and access it through its men readdress, it would be undefined behaviour. As explained in previous videos. When it comes to scopes, when you leave a scope, the variables can no longer be access safely. Now online 18 you can see we set ABC to 10. Now, this changes this one online 11 not this one, because this one has disappeared forever. So not the one online fording it changes this one. Now, if this wasn't here and we did, ABC equals 10 it would change the one in the


text:
To be published by Fordham UP on June 2, 2020. Available for preorder here.
The Fact of Resonance returns to the colonial and technological contexts in which anglophone and francophone narrative and novel theory developed, seeking in sound an alternative premise for theorizing modernist narrative form. Arguing that narrative and novel theory have been founded on an exclusion of sound, the book poses a missing counterpart to modernism's question "who speaks?" in the hidden acoustic questions "who hears?" and "who listens?"
The representation of acoustical phenomena in literary fiction involves a politics of listening that inheres within the unheard (yet written) sounds resonating through the work of Joseph Conrad. Methodologically, Napolin captures and enhances literature's ambient sounds, sounds that are clues to heterogeneous experiences secreted within the acoustic unconscious of texts. The book invents an oblique ear, a subtle and lyrical prose style attuned to picking up sounds no longer hearable. As theorized across these pages, "resonance" opens upon a new genealogy of modernism, tracking from Conrad to his interlocutors– Sigmund Freud, Frantz Fanon, W.E.B. Du Bois, William Faulkner, and Chantal Akerman– the racialized, gendered, and colonial implications of acoustical figures that "drift" through and are transformed by narrative worlds in writing, film, and music. A major synthesis of resources gleaned from across the theoretical humanities, the book argues for "resonance" as the traversal of acoustical figures across the spaces of colonial and technological modernity, figures registering and transmitting transformations of "voice" and "sound" across languages, culture, and modalities of hearing. We have not yet sufficiently attended to relays between sound, narrative, and the unconscious that are crucial to the ideological entailments and figural strategies of transnational, transatlantic, and transpacific modernism. The breadth of the book's engagements will make it of interest not only to students and scholars of modernist fiction and sound studies, but to anyone interested in contemporary critical theory.


Essay about Epictetus: Personal Life and Happiness
Submitted By mmasse1
Words: 659
Pages: 3
Philosophy: Guide to Happiness. Epicurus on Happiness
Misty Masse
April 20, 2015
Ever since ancient times human beings have looked to philosophy for the secret of happiness. Epicurus found more knowledge on the pursuit of happiness than any other philosopher out there. Very little of Epicurus has survived over the years, most of his books have been lost over the centuries leaving his suggestions on happiness to be reassembled with few remains of information. Epicurus did believed that we could all find a way to be happy the problem was that everyone was always looking in the wrong place for that happiness. He promised that he could show us how to find happiness and how to live a happy life without feeling guilty for it. Can money solve everything? Can it bring happiness to our lives? Those are the questions Epicurus wanted us to stop and think about before giving suggestions on finding happiness. Epicurus did say that pleasure is the most important thing in life. With the life he lived his was far from pleasurable, but he was happy and content with the simple life he had. Epicurus did not live a luxurious life, he had a simple house, always drank water rather than life and no luxurious or expensive foods. Most people feel that material things will make them happy giving them the impulse for a shopping spree. Epicurus thought he understood the need for our shopping sprees or for spending too much money and that was because we don't really understand what we need and the difference of what we want. Epicurus found ways to achieve happiness without spending money, and the first thing he thought we needed was friends. He took friendship very seriously. He took friendship seriously because he believed friends were a major source of happiness. He stated that to never eat a meal or snack alone, because eating alone is the same as being a lion or a wolf. You should always have a companion when eating. The second thing Epicurus thought was needed to achieve happiness was freedom. In order to achieve freedom, Epicurus thought you needed to be economically independent and financially stable. We must free ourselves from the everyday prison of life and politics. Live a simple life. Epicurus also believed the third way to achieve happiness was an analyze life. He meant that we need to take time off from all the worry and stress we consume on a daily basis and analyze what is causing it. We can diminish the stress and worry if we have time


Question: When Did Vat First Start?
Who is the father of GST?
Who introduced GST in India.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched GST into operation on the midnight of 1 July 2017.
But GST was almost two decades in the making since the concept was first proposed under the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government..
Does USA have VAT?
If you are importing goods from the USA, there is no requirement for VAT registered businesses to account for VAT. If you are importing something from the US, the US sales tax will not be added, but rather, the UK tax rate (20%) will be paid on import.
Is VAT now 5 on everything?
Value added tax, or VAT, is the tax you have to pay when you buy goods or services. It's typically 20%, though a reduced rate of 5% applies to some things like children's car seats and home energy. VAT does not apply on supermarket food, newspapers and magazines.
Who invented VAT?
VAT was originally a French idea, started in the 1950s. Britain introduced it as part of its condition of joining the European Economic Community. All countries joining the EEC had to replace their indirect taxes with the VAT.
What happens to VAT when we leave the EU?
When the UK leaves the EU VAT area, it will become a third country. This means that the way businesses manage VAT on goods and services exported and imported to/from the EU will change. Sellers will not charge VAT, but buyers will have to pay VAT to HMRC at the point of import (alongside any applicable customs duties).
What did we have before VAT?
On 1 January 1973 the UK joined the European Economic Community and as a consequence Purchase Tax was replaced by Value Added Tax on 1 April 1973. … In July 1974, Labour Chancellor Denis Healey reduced the standard rate of VAT from 10% to 8% but introduced a new higher rate of 12.5% for petrol and some luxury goods.
Why is VAT a thing?
VAT – an important source of income for the government VAT is one of the most important taxes for the government – after income tax and national insurance, it is the largest source of revenue for the government.
Is VAT still in India?
When did vat get introduced?
1 January 2018Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in the UAE on 1 January 2018. The rate of VAT is 5 per cent. VAT will provide the UAE with a new source of income which will be continued to be utilised to provide high-quality public services.
Who pays more tax UK or USA?
Will VAT be lowered?
Value added tax, or VAT, is the tax you have to pay when you buy goods or services. The lower rate also currently applies to sanitary products, although in the March 2020 Budget, the government announced it will stop charging VAT on these goods from 1 January 2021. …
Which country introduced VAT first?
IndiaIndia first introduced VAT in 1986. It was introduced only at federal level known originally as MODVAT (modified value added tax). The principal object was to allow manufacturers to obtain a reimbursement of the excise duties paid on goods.
When was VAT first introduced in South Africa?
1991A value added tax (VAT) was introduced in South Africa in 1991 to replace the general sales tax (GST).
What is now 5% VAT?
VAT, or 'Value Added Tax', is tax that's paid on the purchase of goods and services. The UK's standard VAT rate is 20%, though a reduced 5% rate is applicable for certain essentials, such as home energy and sanitary products. … The new, temporary, 5% VAT rate is in operation now, until January 12th 2021.
Will UK VAT go back down?
VAT (value added tax) will be cut from 20 per cent to five per cent for businesses in the hospitality and tourism industries, chancellor Rishi Sunak revealed in his mini-Budget on July 8. VAT is a tax paid by businesses to HMRC on the items or services they sell.
What was the first VAT rate?
10 per centEver since it was introduced in Britain in 1973, at a standard rate of 10 per cent, VAT has become increasingly complicated with some products exempted or zero-rated, and different rates levied on various groups of goods and services.
When did the 5 vat start?
Why is UK VAT so high?
Taxes & Public Spending. When banks are allowed to create a nation's money supply, we all end up paying higher taxes. This is because the proceeds from creating new money go to the banks rather than the taxpayer, and because taxpayers end up paying the cost of financial crises caused by the banks.


Sharing experiences of empathy and resilience
Help children and young people build understanding, resilience and empathy by exploring other young peoples' stories.
Young people talking about experiences to camera
Citizenship, PSHE
Kindness, Refugees and migration, Home learning resources
COVID-19 may have had an impact on children and young people's mental health and wellbeing as they have experienced such change to their daily routines. These activities explore how children and young people have coped with their own challenges and how this has helped them develop their own resilience.
Learning objectives
Learners will:
 - explore different stories to build understanding and empathy
 - hear stories from other young people across the UK about their experiences and resilience
 - learn what is resilience, why it is important and reflect on their own resilience
 - reflect on the importance on listening to others' experiences
 - understand how people cope with challenges and change
Resource overview
There are activities for both primary and secondary learners.
Coping with lockdown (for 11-18 year-olds)
Young people talk about their experience of lockdown in a series of videos filmed by young people. 11-18-year-olds will:
 - think about coping and resilience
 - consider how others have coped
 - think about why empathy is important
 - reflect on what skills they've developed
 - explore ways to further build resilience.
Activities include role-plays, videos, reflection and ways to cope and plan for the future.
Drawing stories
Help primary and secondary learners build empathy and understanding through comics created by young refugees in the UK. Through listening, discussion and creative activities learners will reflect on how people cope with challenges and change and how stories can show us a person's journey. Learners will also have the opportunity to draw their own people and story using videos from the graphic artist Dan Archer
This resource was developed in June 2020 by the British Red Cross.


Travel - Oasis Verte
Oriental Essences Travel - Oasis Verte
travel eau de parfum, 15 ml
Evoke the fragrant world of a lush oasis hidden in the wilderness of ancient Arabia. Invigorating vetiver and green patchouli fu... Show more
Or check instore availability
The Vetiver grass species originates from India. The oil is distilled from the roots and has a characteristically sweet and earthy scent that comes into its own in perfumes. This 'oil of tranquillity' has a balancing and overall calming effect.
Green Patchouli
Native to Asian tropical regions, Patchouli is now extensively cultivated in Indonesia, India, China and South America. Its common name comes from Tamil "patch", meaning green and "ilia", meaning leaf. Originally, dried patchouli leaves were used to protect silk fabrics printed in India from insects while they were exported to England, giving the silk a woody, earthy and slightly sweet scent.
View all ingredients
How to Use
Dab onto your pulse points, such as behind your ears, on your wrists, inside your elbows and at the bottom of your throat. Let the fragrance air dry, do not rub as this will change the scent.


[School Name] will be using Clear To Go! to health screen students starting [start date]. It's only a few general wellness questions to ensure the safety of everyone.
What do I need to do as a parent?
1. Check your email. Once your student's account has been created by the school you will receive an email.
2. Click the 'Set My Preferences' link in the email. This is asking if you will be answering the questions on behalf of the student or you will allow the student to answer the questions themselves.
3. Click Save.
4. You have two methods to answer the questions.
 - Email - This is the default method. Nothing further needs to be done. An email is sent each school morning with a link. Click the link to answer the questions.
 - Mobile App - Download the app and sign in using your email or your students email. The app will remind you each school morning. Open the app and click 'Screen'.


< Back to Pet Health Library
Diarrhoea vs caecotrophs
It is important to differentiate true diarrhoea from uneaten caecotrophs. Caecotrophs are the soft, sticky, nutrient-rich droppings passed by rabbits which are then re-ingested directly from their bottom as a normal part of their digestive process. This means that caecotrophs are not often seen in the enclosure of healthy rabbits, however rabbits which struggle to eat their caecotrophs such as those with obesity, spinal or hindlimb pain or dental problems may leave these droppings uneaten on the floor of the enclosure or stuck to the fur around the bottom.
In contrast, true diarrhoea appears watery or paste-like in consistency without the usual round form of the droppings. It may also contain blood or mucus. True diarrhoea is a serious concern in rabbits and has several possible causes.
What causes diarrhoea?
Diarrhoea is a symptom rather than a specific disease, meaning that it can be seen as a result of multiple conditions. The most common causes of diarrhoea in rabbits include:
 - Diet-related diarrhoea
 - Coccidiosis
 - Viral or bacterial gut infections
 - Antibiotic medications
 - Systemic illnesses such as liver disease
How does my rabbit get diarrhoea?
Diet-related diarrhoea can occur due to a low-fibre diet, sudden changes in diet, feeding of inappropriate greens such as iceberg lettuce or feeding of excessive quantities of rabbit-safe greens. Causes of poor appetite or appetite changes such as dental disease, stress or other sources of pain can also result in reduced fibre intake which can lead to diarrhoea.
Coccidiosis, bacterial and viral gut infections are most common in young rabbits around the time of weaning, especially in cases of overcrowding or poor hygiene, or where groups of rabbits are being mixed together.
Treatment with certain types of antibiotics such as those in the penicillin group can cause diarrhoea as a side effect, especially when administered by mouth. This is because of the damaging effect these antibiotics can have on the normal gut bacteria which are essential for healthy digestion in rabbits.
How can I find out the cause?
A veterinary examination is the first step in diagnosis of the cause of diarrhoea. Checking for dental disease, respiratory problems or other sources of pain, illness or stress can give clues as to the underlying reason. Clinical history may also raise suspicion as to the likely cause, for example a known sudden diet change or recent antibiotic treatment.
If systemic disease is suspected, blood tests and other investigations such as x-rays or scans may be advised to look for the source of the problem. A sample of the faeces may be collected to assess for gut infections or parasites.
Can it be treated?
Treatment success depends on the underlying cause of the diarrhoea. Acute diet-related diarrhoea such as overfeeding of greens can be addressed by correcting the diet, maintaining hydration and ensuring that the rabbit continues to eat during the recovery period. Other causes of diarrhoea may require more intensive treatment in addition to these measures, such as specific medications to target infections or treatment of an underlying problem.
Cases of chronic diarrhoea can be more difficult to treat as it takes time to normalise gut health and digestion and severely affected individuals may not respond successfully to treatment regardless of the cause.
How can I prevent it?
Providing an appropriate diet consisting of 80-90% good-quality hay, 5-10% grass-based rabbit nuggets and 5-10% fresh rabbit-safe greens is an essential factor in preventing diarrhoea in otherwise healthy adult rabbits. The risk of gut infections or parasites can be reduced by quarantine of new rabbits before introducing them to your group, rehoming or purchasing rabbits from reputable sources and maintaining good environmental cleanliness and hygiene.


text: This article reviews the results of bone collagen stable carbon and nitrogen isotope paleodietary studies conducted in Australia. Stable isotopic analyses of prehistoric human and faunal bones and teeth provide a means to assess past Aboriginal dietary patterns and habitat use, palaeoclimate, and palaeoecology. In some cases, the relative consumption of marine versus terrestrial foods or use of C3-vs C4-based foods within terrestrial ecosystems and access to these various habitats can be inferred from stable isotope values. The relationship between mortuary variability and dietary differences can also be addressed. In addition, stable carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and strontium isotopes can provide information about changes in past rainfall patterns, climate and plant and animal distributions. Thus, stable isotope studies provide an independent method to assist with the reconstruction of prehistoric subsistence-settlement systems, social systems, and palaeoecology. These biochemical data can supplement information obtained from conventional archaeological studies. Potential contributions of stable isotope research to Australian archaeology and future research directions are discussed.


JD Vs. LLB Law Degree
Lawyer sitting in front of laptop at desk
... DeanDrobot/iStock/Getty Images
The law degrees J.D. and LL.B. have similarities and differences. They are awarded primarily based on the country standard where the degree is earned, and are both considered a first-level law degree.
1 Definition of J.D. and LL.B Degrees
The J.D. degree stands for Juris Doctor, and the LL.B. Degree stands for Legum Baccalaureus, which literally means Bachelor of Laws. A J.D. degree is required in most states to gain entrance to the bar.
2 History of the LL.B. Degree
The LL.B. is based on English "common law." Until the mid-1960s, it was the benchmark law degree for all common law countries, including the U.S. In the 1970s, U.S. law schools changed to the J.D. degree. Although the LL.B. degree was the standard law degree in Europe for hundreds of years, in 1820, Harvard University became the first American university to award the LL.B. degree.
3 Differences Between the Two
Unlike the bachelor-level LL.B., the J.D. is a post-graduate, three-year professional law degree. In addition to being the standard degree to practice law in the U.S., the J.D. is becoming more customary in Canada, Hong Kong, Australia and elsewhere.
4 Curriculum Similarities
Although each degree's curricula focus on the practice of law, the LL.B. is more academic in nature. The recipient of an LL.B. may require further accreditation before entering practice, depending on the country. This may not apply in countries where the LL.B. is earned as a post-graduate degree. In such cases, the LL.B. and J.D. may be treated equally.
5 Misconceptions
While the J.D. degree is technically a doctoral degree, recipients are not addressed as "Dr." That is reserved for a more advanced law degree -- for example, Doctor of Juridical Science, or J.S.D.


text:
Send SCSI READ LONG command to DEVICE. The read buffer is output in hex
and ASCII to stdout or placed in a file. Note that the data returned includes
the logical block data (typically 512 bytes for a disk) plus ECC
information (whose format is proprietary) plus optionally other proprietary
Arguments to long options are mandatory for short options as well.
uses a SCSI READ LONG(16) command. The default action is to use a SCSI
READ LONG(10) command. The READ LONG(10) command has a 32 bit field for
the lba while READ LONG(16) has a 64 bit field.
sets the 'CORRCT' bit in the SCSI READ LONG command. When set the data is
corrected by the ECC before being transferred back to this utility. The
default is to leave the 'CORRCT' bit clear in which case the data is
output the usage message then exit.
where LBA is the logical block address of the sector to read. Assumed
to be in decimal unless prefixed with '0x' (or has a trailing 'h'). Defaults
to lba 0. If the lba is larger than can fit in 32 bits then the --16
option should be used.
instead of outputting ASCII hex to stdout, send it in binary to the
file called OF. If '-' is given for OF then the (binary)
output is sent to stdout. Note that all informative and error output is
sent to stderr.
sets the 'PBLOCK' bit in the SCSI READ LONG command. When set the
physical block (plus ECC data) containing the requested logical block
address is read. The default is to leave the 'PBLOCK' bit clear in
which case the logical block (plus any ECC data) is read.
opens the DEVICE read-only rather than read-write which is the
default. The Linux sg driver needs read-write access for the SCSI
READ LONG command but other access methods may require read-only
increase the level of verbosity, (i.e. debug output).
print the version string and then exit.
where BTL is the byte transfer length (default to 520). If the
given value (or the default) does not match the "long" block size of the
device, the appropriate BTL is deduced from the error response and
printed (to stderr). The idea is that the user will retry this utility
with the correct transfer length.
If a defective block is found and its contents, if any, has been
retrieved then "sg_reassign" could be used to map out the defective
block. Associated with such an action the number of elements in
the "grown" defect list could be monitored (with "sg_reassign --grown")
as the disk could be nearing the end of its useful lifetime.
Various numeric arguments (e.g. LBA) may include multiplicative
suffixes or be given in hexadecimal. See the "NUMERIC ARGUMENTS" section
in the sg3_utils(8) man page.
As a data point, Fujitsu uses a 54 byte ECC (per block) which is capable
of correcting up to a single burst error or 216 bits "on the
fly". [Information obtained from MAV20xxrc product manual.]
The exit status of sg_read_long is 0 when it is successful. Otherwise see
the sg3_utils(8) man page.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I was looking for a word that describes someone who is an expert in or studies calendars, and I couldn't find anything.
For more context, I am looking for the word you would call someone who knows how to calculate the number of days between a date in the distant past, when different calendars were used, and a date in the modern calendar. I thought historian, but I'm not sure that's adequate.
share|improve this question
There isn't a specific word that I've ever heard. I think historian is adequate, though calendar historian might ring true. – Daniel Mar 6 '12 at 17:38
A reasonable attempt would be 'calendrist' or 'calendarist' except that actually refers to a use of a particular calendar, e.g. an Old Calendrist is one who, for political reasons, paid heed to the Julian calendar after the Gregorian calendar was instituted. – Mitch Mar 6 '12 at 18:29
6 Answers 6
up vote 8 down vote accepted
I believe that you are looking for a horologist. (Horology: the art or science of measuring time.)
share|improve this answer
-1: horologist watchmaker: someone who makes or repairs watches. I know there are such things as "perpetual calendar" watches/clocks, but horology is really concerned with a different order of time. – FumbleFingers Mar 6 '12 at 20:33
Keep reading on your linked page and you will see "the science of measuring time", "technology of timekeeping", and other more general definitions. There does seem to be a bent toward mechanical timepieces specifically, but day/week/year ranges certainly fall within the purview of "time measurement". – Hellion Mar 6 '12 at 20:38
You can't just "bend" the definition that way - it's like saying ""simplify and "facilitate" mean the same thing just because their definitions overlap. Horologists deal with devices measuring hours - not days, years, or (in OP's context) centuries and millennia. – FumbleFingers Mar 6 '12 at 20:45
Horology is the study of means of measuring time and encompasses all means of measuring time, including both watches and calendars. Horology covers devices measuring anything from nanoseconds to eons. – David Schwartz Mar 6 '12 at 20:58
Wikipedia has this to offer, with a citation to a 1913 Webster's.
Chronometry (from Greek χρόνος "time" and μέτρηση "measurement") is the science of the measurement of time, or timekeeping. It should not to be confused with chronology, the science of locating events in time, which often relies upon it.
share|improve this answer
The honest answer is that there is no commonly accepted word for the study of calenders. It's clear that the question relates to how societies perceive and describe the division of, and the progression of time. This involves in all cases the study and measurement of natural periodicity (astronomical generally) and in most cases is combined with the study and ordering of events (usually human or geological). For example the Roman calender measured time in years (astronomically-based) passed since the founding of Rome (event-based).
The science of the measurement of time is 'chronometry' (from the Latin/Greek words for 'time' and'measurement') while the study of the ordering of events is 'chronology'(from the Latin/Greek words for 'time' and 'description'. A candidate word for the study of both might be 'chrononomy' (from the Latin/Greek words for time and arrangement). The Oxford English Dictionary recognizes 'chrononomy' but describes its (historical) use as rare. Hovever this only reflects the fact that the study of calendars is a very modern interest.
'Horology' comes from the Latin/Greek words for hour and description, but has come to (generally) relate to the study of mechanisms for measuring time. It has to be said that the Greek word here also included a sense of seasons and time generally, but the Latin word definitely relates to hours.
Calendar comes from the Latin word Calends, meaning 'call' or 'proclaim', and used uniquely in Rome in relation to the first day of each month. The first day of each Roman month was a day on which announcements would be made, and accounts would be calculated from. Strictly speaking then, the word 'calendology' would mean something like the study of proclamation descriptions. Words, however, mean whatever we mean them to mean, and 'calendology', or 'calendarology' might work for us, even if the philologists shudder at it.
share|improve this answer
Thank you for posting John Mack, this is a very interesting read! Your answer could be helped by some references and/or links to the more obscure definitions (such as the meaning of 'calends' for the Romans), but it's nonetheless incisive and well written. +1. – 568ml May 8 '14 at 7:24
Well, at least a couple of dozen people have been prepared to go into print with calenderologist and/or calenderology. So even though I don't think you'll find them in any dictionary, I guess these are the best words you'll get.
Sticking to words that are in the dictionary, chronology is the science that deals with the determination of dates and the sequence of events. So OP might want to go with chronologist.
share|improve this answer
I agree with _USER_ δ that there isn't a specific term for this. But I believe the term calendar scholar is close to what you want to express.
A chronologist is someone who studies historical records to establish the dates of past events, so this term can be used if you are interested in this connotation.
share|improve this answer
A calendar scholar may have the requisite knowledge to perform these calculations, but then so do your or I or anyone. The conversions are not difficult computations, and the algorithms to make the conversions are fixed. There are many calculators for making the conversions found easily with google. My point is that the conversion of dates is hardly a mysterious power held by a few experts, hence a reference to a specific type of person who made the calculation is unnecessary. A historian could easily do it and I don't think there's need to highlight his ability as anything extraordinary.
share|improve this answer
Actually, they aren't that easily found on Google, because many of seem to wrongly account for calendar adjustments made in the antiquities. – NickC Mar 6 '12 at 18:33
Doesn't address the question, though. It doesn't matter if it's the simplest thing in the world for people to do. That has no bearing on the (potentially hypothetical) nomenclature. – heathenJesus Mar 6 '12 at 19:17
Certainly it does. To quote the OP "I am looking for the word you would call someone who knows how to calculate the number of days between a date in the distant past" and my point is that any number of types of people would fit that bill and any scholar of calendars while certainly capable of performing the task would, I think, but overqualified. Like having a Nobel economist doing your taxes. – Sam Mar 7 '12 at 1:13
You're seriously underestimating the many ways people have done calendars. Merely within the Roman tradition there have been a number of variants. Outside it I can rattle off the Chinese, Jewish, Mayan, and Islamic calendars, and I'm no... "calendar scholar," as the best answer I've seen so far. I'm sure those just scratch the surface. Does the existence of Google Translate make linguists unnecessary? – gmcgath Dec 19 '12 at 12:27
Your Answer


text:
Wat Chedi Luang (Wat Chotikaram)
Wat Chedi Luang houses the largest chedi in Chiang Mai. The temple is located right in the middle of the city and was built in the reign of King Saen Mueang Mak, the seventh king of Mengrai Dynasty. The 98-metre tall and 54-metre wide chedi was built in the reign of King Tilokkarat. The construction was completed in 1481. In 1545 the chedi was collapsed due to an earthquake during the reign of King Jiraprapa. The chapel in the front was built by Chao Khun Uba Lee Poramacharn (Sirichantathera) and Chao Kaeo Navarat in 1928. The magnificent methodological serpents ramble from the entrance of the chapel to its door on both sides.