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Code Editor Essentials Part I: How to Speed Up Cursor Movements
To edit something you first need to "get there", i.e. to place your "cursor" close to it. In general, the longer the time you need to reach a given location the more time you waste. Many people don't do anything to speed up the process, though. They either only use arrow keys or mouse for navigation.
Most editors provide many more commands for placing a cursor where you want it (sometimes even more than one cursor!). Using the right ones can improve cursor positioning speed by a factor of 10 or more, especially on large screens.
The most basic way of moving a cursor around is to use arrow keys, which typically move the cursor by one character or line. Home and End keys move a cursor to start or end of a line. There are also PageUp and PageDown keys that do what their names imply. These are not very interesting, so let's take a look at more advanced features.
First, all editors and most OSes support Ctrl + Left/Right for moving a cursor by words. Some editors let you customize how they detect word boundaries – for example if you'd like "next word" command stop at parts of camelCasedNames. There are many more commands for moving a cursor by some unit. With a single keypress, you can jump to the next sentence, next paragraph, next expression, top/half/bottom of a screen and more.
Editors vary in how well they recognize the syntactic structure of edited text. You should look for an editor that allows for at least jumping to matching parentheses/quotes, even if it lacks full "forward expression" command.
All the shown movement commands are easy to use, but not always very efficient. Sometimes you need to execute them (press a key shortcut) many times to get what you want. Once in such a situation it's time to use more advanced commands.
NOTE: some editors allow you to use a "numerical prefix", which will repeat the next command that many times. It's not a widely available feature, but almost all editors have plugins for this, even if they don't support it directly. This lets you alleviate some pain of having to press some key repeatedly.
First is search, which you can (and should) use for navigation on both short and long distances:
NOTE: most editors remember (at least one) last string you were searching for and use this as a default if you don't provide any string at all. This means that you can tap your search key twice to get quickly to the next class, function, or any other frequently occurring string.
If searching is not fast or convenient enough, we can use its simplified version, known in Vim as "f" command. It searches forward for the first occurrence of a given character:
You can usually press the same key many times for jumping to the following occurrences.
There's also a way to highlight all characters of a given kind and let the user jump to any of them quickly:
If you know that you want to get to one of the lines containing a word, you can use extended search commands, like "occur" in Emacs:
If you know some other powerful commands for navigating through code let us know in the comments.
Piotr has been programming since forever! He's passionate about polyglot programming and original, experimental programming languages. He tries to apply knowledge of both to production quality systems in a real life.


Differences in JPA entity locking modes
JPA provides essentially 2 types of locking mechanisms to help synchronize access to entities. Both mechanisms prevent a scenario, where 2 transactions overwrite data of each other without knowing it.
By entity locking, we typically want to prevent following scenario with 2 parallel transactions:
 1. Adam's transaction reads data X
 2. Barbara's transaction reads data X
 3. Adam's transaction modifies data X, and changes it to XA
 4. Adam's transaction writes data XA
 5. Barbara's transaction modifies data X and changes it to XB
 6. Barbara's transaction writes data XB
As a result, changes done by Adam are completely gone and overwritten by Barbara without her even noticing. A scenario like this is sometimes called dirty-read. Obviously, a desired result is that Adam writes XA, and Barbara is forced to review XA changes before writing XB.
How Optimistic Locking works
Optimistic locking is based on assumption that conflicts are very rare, and if they happen, throwing an error is acceptable and more convenient than preventing them. One of the transactions is allowed to finish correctly, but any other is rolled back with an exception and must be re-executed or discarded.
With optimistic locking, here is possible scenario for Adam and Barbara:
 1. Adam's transaction reads data X
 2. Barbara's transaction reads data X
 4. Adam's transaction writes data XA
 5. Barbara's transaction modifies data X and changes it to XB
 6. Barbara's transaction tries to write data XB, but receives and error
 7. Barbara needs to read data XA (or start a completely new transaction)
 8. Barbara's transaction modifies data XA and changes it to XAB
 9. Barbara's transaction writes data XAB
As you see, Barbara is forced to review Adam's changes, and if she decides, she may modify Adam's changes and save them (merge the changes). Final data contains both Adam's and Barbara's changes.
Optimistic locking is fully controlled by JPA. It requires additional version column in DB tables. It is completely independent of underlying DB engine used to store relational data.
How pessimistic locking works
For some, pessimistic locking is considered very natural. When transaction needs to modify an entity, which could be modified in parallel by another transaction, transaction issues a command to lock the entity. All locks are retained until the end of transaction and they are automatically released afterwards.
With pessimistic locks, the scenario could be like this:
 1. Adam's transaction reads data X
 2. Adam's transaction locks X
 3. Barbara's transaction wants to read data X, but waits as X is already locked
 4. Adam's transaction modifies data X, and changes it to XA
 5. Adam's transaction writes data XA
 6. Barbara's transaction reads data XA
 7. Barbara's transaction modifies data XA and changes it to XAB
 8. Barbara's transaction writes data XAB
As we can see, Barbara is again forced to write XAB, which also contains changes by Adam. However, the solution is completely different from optimistic scenario – Barbara needs to wait for Adam's transaction to finish before even reading the data. Furthermore, we need to issue a lock command manually within both transactions for the scenario to work. (As we are not sure which transaction will be served first, Adam's or Barbara's, both transactions need to lock data before modifying it) Optimistic locking requires more setup than pessimistic locking, with version column needed for every entity, but then we do no need to remember issuing locks in the transactions. JPA does all the checks automatically, we only need to handle possible exceptions.
Pessimistic locking uses locking mechanism provided by underlying database to lock existing records in tables. JPA needs to know how to trigger these locks and some databases do not support completely.
Even JPA specification says, that it is not required to provide PESSIMISTIC_READ (as many DBs support only WRITE locks):
It is permissible for an implementation to use LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE
where LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_READ was requested, but not vice versa.
List of available lock types in JPA
First of all, I would like to say that if _USER_ column is provided within entity, optimistic locking is turned on by default by JPA for such entities. You do not need to issue any lock command. However, at any time, you may issue a lock with one of following lock types:
 1. LockModeType.Optimistic
 - This is really the default. It is usually ignored as stated by ObjectDB. In my opinion it only exists so that you may compute lock mode dynamically and pass it further even if the lock would be OPTIMISTIC in the end. Not very probable usecase though, but it is always good API design to provide an option to reference even the default value.
 - Example:
 - This is a rarely used option. But it could be reasonable, if you want to lock referencing this entity by another entity. In other words you want to lock working with an entity even if it is not modified, but other entities may be modified in relation to this entity.
 - Example:
 - We have entity Book and Shelf. It is possible to add Book to Shelf, but book does not have any reference to its shelf. It is reasonable to lock the action of moving a book to a shelf, so that a book does not end up in 2 shelves. To lock this action, it is not sufficient to lock current book shelf entity, as the book does not have to be on a shelf yet. It also does not make sense to lock all target bookshelves, as they would be probably different in different transactions. The only thing that makes sense is to lock the book entity itself, even if in our case it does not get changed (it does not hold reference to its bookshelf).
 - this mode is similar to LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE, but different in one thing: until write lock is in place on the same entity by some transaction, it should not block reading the entity. It also allows other transactions to lock using LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_READ. The differences between WRITE and READ locks are well explained here (ObjectDB) and here (OpenJPA). However, very often, this behaves as LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE, as the specification allows it and many providers do not implement it separately.
 - this is a stronger version of LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_READ. When WRITE lock is in place, JPA with the help of the database will prevent any other transaction to read the entity, not only to write as with READ lock.
 - this is another rarely used lock mode. However, it is an option where you need to combine PESSIMISTIC and OPTIMISTIC mechanisms. Using plain PESSIMISTIC_WRITE would fail in following scenario:
 1. transaction A uses optimistic locking and reads entity E
 2. transaction B acquires WRITE lock on entity E
 3. transaction B commits and releases lock of E
 4. transaction A updates E and commits
 - in step 4, if version column is not incremented by transaction B, nothing prevents A from overwriting changes of B. Lock mode LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT will force transaction B to update version number and causing transaction A to fail with OptimisticLockException, even though B was using pessimistic locking.
To issue a lock of certain type, JPA provides following means:
You may use any of the two types of lock mechanisms in JPA. It is also possible to mix them if necessary, if you use pessimistic lock of type PESSIMISTIC_FORCE_INCREMENT.
To learn more, read this excellent blog of Vlad Mihalcea.
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Bandwidth allocation in Bluetooth scatternets
Publikation/Tidskrift/Serie: Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences
Förlag: Taylor & Francis
This paper deals with bandwidth allocation in a Bluetooth scatternet. The proposed assignment of transmission rights provides a controlled traffic transfer between Bluetooth piconets and represents a key component in an ad-hoc wireless Bluetooth network in order to provide with efficient data packet passing within and across piconets. This assignment is obtained by executing a distributed algorithm in each node. The algorithm works for unrestricted topologies of both stationary and mobile networks and also deals with assignment changes caused by network re-configurations without the use of a centralized factor. The effect of this re-assignment can be limited to the locality of that topology change. The construction of a link schedule of minimum length in a Bluetooth scatternet is NP-complete.
- Technology and Engineering
17th International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences
Orlando, Fl, United States
- ISBN: 9780849314902

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Image courtesy of Argonne National Laboratory
Tuning the ATTA magneto-optic atom trap at Argonne National laboratory.
A specialized magneto-optical atom trap called Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA) allows scientists to detect single atoms of Krypton (Argon) at and below the part-per-trillion (part-per-quadrillion) level. Detecting the rare krypton-81 isotope (81Kr) with this unprecedented analytic sensitivity helps reveal the fate of water in ancient aquifers. Knowing how long water has been underground helps researchers understand how fast aquifers are recharged by surface water and how fast they move, leading to more accurate geological models.
Rare isotope 81,85Kr-, 39Ar-dating opens up new opportunities in the Earth sciences including practical water resource management, ocean circulations, and the study of our planet's ancient climate.
A state-of-the-art Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA) instrument has been developed by a team of physicists working at Argonne National Laboratory working in collaboration with Earth scientists and other supporting agencies in the U.S. and worldwide. The ages of groundwater, ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000 years old, in the Nubian Aquifer underneath the Eastern Sahara Desert, the Great Artesian Basin of Australia, and the Guarani Aquifer of South America have been measured. These results reveal hydrologic behavior of huge aquifers, with important implications for climate history and water resource management. Application of rare isotope 81,85Kr-, 39Ar-dating using ATTA in other areas of Earth sciences now appears feasible. The radioisotope 85Kr is routinely measured as a residence-time tracer for young (<60 years) shallow groundwaters that are most susceptible to contamination. When combined with other tracers, 85Kr measurements will improve the quality and reliability of groundwater flow and vulnerability assessments. A systematic survey of 39Ar throughout the oceans could fill major gaps in our knowledge of deep ocean circulation and mixing, and allow better predictions of oceanic sequestration of atmospheric CO2. Polar ice cores have been used to reconstruct Earth's past climate and atmospheric composition as far back as 800,000 years in time. 81Kr could potentially be used for dating of old ice with ages ranging from 100,000 – 1,500,000 years. In volcanic and geothermal systems, the analysis of crustal fluid samples for noble radionuclides 39Ar, 81Kr, and 85Kr could provide information on the origin, evolution, and migration of crustal fluids.
Dr. Zheng-Tian Lu
Argonne National Laboratory
Office of Science Nuclear Physics (NP) program
Sturchio, N. C. "One million year old groundwater in the Sahara revealed by krypton-81 and chlorine-36." Geophys. Res. Lett. 31 L05503 (2004). [DOI: 10.1029/2003GL019234]
University, DOE Laboratory
Collaborations, Non-DOE Interagency Collaboration, International Collaboration

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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bounding fault on the south of the Spanish Peaks is the high-angle, reverse fault known as the Spanish Peaks Fault. This is a mighty structure that is responsible for the big flatirons of limestone that you see on the south side of the range, and the trace of this fault can be seen trending NW-SE from south of the Beartooth Mountains through the Madison Range, and terminating in the Tobacco Root Mountains (this fault is also known as the Spanish Peaks-Gardiner Fault, in recognition of its continuation across much of southwest Montana).
Here's a way to tell a reverse fault from any other fault. Take a look at the side that shows the fault and arrows indicating movement. See the block farthest to the right that is shaped kind of like a foot? Now look at the block on the other side of the fault. See how it's resting or hanging on top of the foot wall block? Think about this: if we hold the foot wall stationary, where would the hanging wall go if we reversed gravity? The hanging wall will slide upwards, right? When movement along a fault is the reverse of what you would expect with normal gravity we call them reverse faults (USGS).
The trail continues across this massive Laramide-style (approx. 75 milion year old) reverse fault that leads you into the Archean basement. The Archean includes rocks that are 2.5 billion to 4 billion years old. These Archean rocks can give us a tiny window into processes that take place deep within the Earth, and they also contain information about how the crust of the Earth has evolved over eons.
Once you cross the Spanish Peaks fault on the Bear Basin trail, most of the rocks in this basin were originally of igneous origin. In Bear Basin, most of the igneous rocks occur as tabular, sill-like bodies because they were injected into pre-existing layered metamorphic units. These rocks range in composition from dark gray tonalites (rich in black hornblende and white plagioclase), to very white and sugary-textured granites (rich in potassium feldspar, plagioclase, and with very little dark minerals like biotite or hornblende). In addition, there are some late-stage dikes that cut across the older rocks, and these dike rocks are typically of basaltic composition. These are some photos of the type of igneous rocks you will likely see on the Bear Basin Trail.
Dike rocks are some of the most prominent intrusive bodies that occur in Bear Basin. A dike is a body of igneous rock that is intruded into an older country rock in the form of a large sheet that runs perpendicular to boundaries between older rocks. In the basin itself, there are two easily identifiable dikes. They are large vertical bands of darker tinted rocks that climb to the crest of the mountaintops. These features can be seen from outlooks on the trail as well as when nearing the summit; the trail will cross one prominent dike several times. Climbing to the top of the cirque headwall you will be rewarded with a spectacular view of untamed wilderness, looking north into the headwaters of the South fork of Spanish Creek. If you continue along the trail, you will meander over to Summit lake or down to Spanish Creek were a Gallatian National Forest Ranger station is located at the Spanish creek trail head. Although most of the bedrock in Bear Basin was originally of igneous origin, these rocks have also been subjected to deformation and recrystallization during metamorphism. Most of these rocks now have a very strong planar arrangement of their minerals (a texture known as foliation), so most of the crystalline rocks in Bear Basin are actually "meta-igneous" rocks, or are commonly referred to as "quartzofeldspathic" gneisses (quartzofeldspathic refers to the composition that is mostly quartz or feldspar, granitic to tonalitic in composition; gneiss refers to the strong, planar fabric of the rocks, sometimes with obvious compositional layering).
Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form." The protolith may consist of any of the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, or another older metamorphic rock. The protolith, is subjected to the most important agents of metamorphism: heat and pressure. These factors causes profound physical and/or chemical alteration resulting in both deformation (explained above) and chemical recrystallization that produces new sets of mineral assemblages. It's important to note that these transformations, deformation textures, and new mineral assemblages occur while the rock stays in a solid state. Metamorphic rocks make up a large part of the Earth's crust and may be formed simply by being buried deeply beneath the Earth's surface where they are subjected to high temperatures and the great pressure of the rock layers above them. More often, metamorphic rocks from in response to large-scale tectonic processes such as continental collisions, which cause horizontal shortening, or stacking of rock units on big thrust faults, which mechanically thickens the crust, and the emplacement of igneous bodies also adds a lot of mass to the crust and as a result increases both temperature and pressure.
Metamorphic rocks are classified according to their constituent minerals and texture. The mineralogy of metamorphic rocks reflects the mineral content of the precursor rock and the texture which can be seen by the pressure and temperature at which metamorphism occurred. There are two basic types of metamorphic rocks: 1) foliated metamorphic rocks such as gneiss and schist have a layered or banded appearance that is produced by orientation of minerals due to intense pressure and deformation; and, 2) non-foliated metamorphic rocks such as marble and quartzite which do not have a layered or banded appearance and simply recrystallize minerals like quartz and calcite. Some of the most common types of metamorphic rocks present in the Bear Basin area are gneiss and schist. Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock that has a banded appearance due to compositional layering of light and dark minerals. It typically contains abundant quartz or feldspar minerals. Schist is a metamorphic rock that has a high abundance of platy micas, which are strongly aligned into a planar texture. So, if you stumble across some of these rocks don't be afraid to take a guess on the type of rock at hand.
In Bear Basin, most of the crystalline rocks are meta-igneous rocks (metamorphosed plutonic rocks, such as granites or tonalites), although there are some minor layers of metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. The metasediments produce some of the most interesting metamorphic minerals (see next section on Mineralogy). These rocks are also significant because their geologic history is quite complex: 1) originally, some sort of quartz-rich igneous rocks had to be formed, eroded, and the sediments must have been transported and deposited in some sort of basin; 2) these surficial sedimentary rocks then had to be buried quite deeply in the crust (we estimate ~ 30 Km burial, and this most likely occurred in some sort of collisional process, similar to the modern collision of the Indian and Asian plates to form the Himalayan Mountains); 3) the deeply buried sedimentary rocks were metamorphosed into schists and gneisses; and 4) numerous stages of faulting and uplift brought these rocks to the surface where they are exposed today (Laramide reverse faults and Basin-and-Range normal faults contributed to this most recent period of uplift).
Minerals You'll See on the Bear Basin Trail
The metamorphic rocks of Bear Basin contain numerous types of fascinating minerals. As you walk along the trail, you'll see some of these in the rocks and boulders on talus slopes. These minerals can also be seen on outcrops. Please enjoy these minerals where you find them, and leave samples for others to discover and enjoy. Protect this precious resource, and refrain from breaking up the outcrops to collect samples.
How do we know the rocks came from 30 Km below the surface?
Minerals are indicators of the physical conditions (temperature and pressure) that were present during metamorphism. We often refer to minerals such as kyanite as "index minerals" because their occurrence is restricted to certain physical conditions; kyanite is a mineral that most often forms from the high pressure metamorphism of clay-rich sedimentary rocks, sillimanite occurs at higher temperatures, and andalusite forms at lower temperatures and pressures. The figure below on the left shows the "stability fields" of these three aluminosilicate minerals. However, more important than the occurrence of individual minerals, is the metamorphic assemblage of minerals.
The figure below on the right shows how different mineral assemblages are limited by bounding curves that define the physical limits where sets of minerals can co-exest. These types of figures are called phase diagrams.
Because the Earth is dynamic and has evolved over long periods of time, geologists attempt to determine the "pathways" that rocks have traversed through the crust throughout geologic time. It turns out that many minerals are capable of including different elements in their structure (this is known as "solid solution," and is very similar to liquid solutions only the elements mix in the crystalline structure rather than in fluids). The composition of many minerals is very sensitive to changing pressure and temperature, and they will exchange elements with their neighbor minerals in a rock. By analyzing the changes in composition of minerals using an


text: Millipedes are a diverse and ancient group of poorly known terrestrial organisms. While recent advances in their taxonomy and distribution have occurred in some areas of the world, our knowledge about the distribution and ecology of many taxa in the Pacific Northwest is limited. We review the ecology of taxa we observed and present results from a field study relating millipede abundance and community composition to environmental conditions of geology, vegetation, and climate. Millipedes of southwest Washington State were surveyed in the spring and fall of 2005 and 2006 along twelve headwater streams in forested landscapes. Overall, we observed 10 families of millipedes, with confirmed identification of 15 species. Millipede community composition differed strongly between seasons and across sites. For each season, we report family-specific multiple regressions relating millipede abundance/presence to environmental conditions. Given the ecological importance of millipedes as detritivores, more information on taxonomy and environmental relationships is needed. This research provides insight into the patterns and distribution of riparian-associated millipedes in the Pacific Northwest.


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Revista argentina de cardiología
versión On-line ISSN _PHONE_
BORRACCI, Raúl A; DOVAL, Hernán C; MANENTE, Diego y TAJER, Carlos D. Scientific Collaboration Networks in Argentine Cardiology Publications. Rev. argent. cardiol. [online]. 2009, vol.77, n.6, pp. 487-492. ISSN _PHONE_.
Background The structure of scientific collaboration networks has been recently studied in different disciplines. The analysis of large data bases using specialized software capable of connecting the different authors and coauthors in a large network of scientific collaboration has enabled the construction of collaboration graphs between investigators in several disciplines. The use of these networks is not new in the field of bibliometrics; however, attention has been recently focused on academic co-authorship networks which might be more representative of the structure of knowledge of an academic community. Objective To describe the structure of scientific collaboration networks in Argentina based on co-authorship network analysis of the articles published in the field of cardiology during 2007. Material and Methods We conducted a bibliographic search of Argentine papers published in the field of cardiology. Data was retrieved from Medline and from two local journals: Rev Argent Cardiol and Rev Fed Arg Cardiol. Collaboration networks between authors were constructed using the Kamada-Kawai algorithm included in the Pajek software. Results Mean papers per author ranged from 1.12 to 1.24, the exponent tau of productivity was 2.78 to 3.45, mean authors per paper from 3.60 to 6.51, and collaborators per author ranged between 2.60 and 4.88. The construction of collaboration networks showed that the size of the giant component was between 13.1% and 65.8%, the mean distance between authors was 1.5 to 8.5 and the maximum distance was 5-24. Conclusions The structures of different scientific collaboration networks based on co-authorship in Argentine papers published in local and international journals were studied. The productivity index followed Lotka's law with a value that was similar to the one reported in biomedical publications. The size of the collaboration network was smaller than expected, probably due to the short period of the study. The mean distance between authors was greater than we expected, indicating an inadequate structure of connections and collaboration between investigators.
Palabras llave : Bibliometrics; Cardiology; Argentina.


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Nurul and I had a chat last night:
her title is something like;
The role of the communication/graphic design in the shaping/disseminating/construction/development of the national cultural identity (NCID) of Malaysia...
we started talking about Wokar and how her research had been encouraged to go in the direction of western cultural theory. Nurul's research is also connected to the identity of an 'eastern' nation. Her research can easily be discussed along the lines of post-colonial theory, or national v's cultural identity. One thing that her research really IS about though is the role of the communication designer in this national cultural identity. It is not yet clear (to me at least) whether this is relating to the contribution comm designers have to changing the perception of NCID, or constructing that NCID, or whether there is something about defining 'what' their comm design activity brings about or 'allows' to happen.
I've been reading an article by Zeeuw (a cybernetician), he's been reading Pask's Interaction of Actors writing, he is describing different ways of doing research and the incorporation of values into research.
He describes a researcher wanting to reduce freq of women being raped on campus.... in looking at all the responses they found no 'one' answer... however they found that if they invited women at risk to look at all the responses they received then they found those women would synthesise something of use... the researchers were no longer treating the at risk women as partners in creating collectives (P-individuals)...
so the stories allowed the women to 'keep thinking'
these stories are acting like morals... they help us to read situations and react appropriately
moral tales are like the apache stories woven into the land, they guide us through the land.. again the Picador Nature Reader book chapter about the North American Indigenous people and their stories...
communication design as conversation, as negotiation, as story-making, involving the other....
perhaps I have managed to reduce/refine my keywords somewhat
Making Conversation: Communication Design as a social activity
design research / practice-led research / materialising conversation / design ontologies / bringing-into-being / transformative action / relational design / radical design / the social space of communication / what communication designers do, in practice, and the community around them / communication design / communication design as conversation / communication design as materialising knowledge / the social experience of communication design
Communication design and the other: a socially-situated practice
keywords: design and the other / bringing-into-being / transformative activity / relational design / radical design / what communication designers do / communication design as conversation / communication design as materialising knowledge / practice-led design research
still working on it...
- an alternative approach to comm design
- an alternative understanding of comm design
- seeing comm design as an activity which is allowed to happen through the presence of the other (the designer if you are the client, the client if you are the designer, the audience if you are the client)
- comm design as a transforming activity (transform/change/articulate/express/materialise/connect/synthesise)
- comm design as a form independent activity (design communication not communication materials, so designing the communication of the other through the communication materials)
- the changes to the public perception of comm design allowed through this new approach
- the changes to comm design education allowed through this new approach
- the changes to comm design's self-awareness allowed through this new approach
so, while I talk about the other in comm design I am actually talking about the role of the other, and the role of comm design in providing an other...


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Center for Conservation Medicine, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University
Data Center Description
The Center for Conservation Medicine (Tufts CCM) takes a unique interdisciplinary approach to ecosystem health. Through the practice of Conservation Medicine, Tufts CCM brings together veterinarians, physicians, ecologists, and conservation professionals to develop education and research activities that explore the relationships among animal, human, and environmental health.
The Tufts Center for Conservation Medicine (TuftsCCM) addresses the health relationships occurring at the interface of humans, animals, and the environment, working to achieve overall ecosystem health. Human development, population growth, and modern technologies inevitably lead to altered landscapes, increased demands on limited resources, and decreased land, air and water quality. The cumulative impact of these issues takes form as emerging disease, species extinction, and health implications for wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. Our work is designed with the ultimate goals of affecting change toward a secure quality of life for all species and developing solutions for humans to harmoniously and sustainably coexist with other species.


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GOSHEN, Utah – Archaeologists have struck gold at a dig near the town of Goshen about 35 miles south of Provo: the largest Fremont Indian structure ever excavated.
Brigham Young University anthropology professor Jim Allison says the 850-square-foot structure is unique because it served as a communal area that brought the entire village together.
He says it has yielded "a layer of prehistoric trash" that included common items such as arrowheads, broken pottery, corn cobs and animal bones.
Allison, who oversees students' work at the site, says radiocarbon dating shows it probably was occupied between 1025 and 1100.
The Fremont Indians inhabited sites in what are now Utah, Nevada, Idaho and Colorado between 700 and 1300. They're known for pottery, figurines, moccasins and their use of farming.


Aging Quiz - Answer
The majority of older adults say that they are happy most of the time
Answer: True - The majority of older adults report high levels of life satisfaction. The more socially active an individual is, the higher their life satisfaction. Thus, the importance of remaining involved in informal, intimate activities.
In addition health is correlated with life satisfaction. Individuals, of any age, who are in poor health are likely to experience lower levels of life satisfaction. Not only will exercise and eating a healthy diet facilitate long life but also a good quality of life.
Back to Aging Quiz


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Over the past year, unknown persons have forged information about the deployment of more than 100 warships.
According to the results of research by the Internet publication Wired, SkyWatch (a robotic monitoring system) and Global Fishing Watch (a service for tracking illegal fishing), hackers changed the coordinates of more than 100 locations of active warships, including the British aircraft carrier Queen Elizabeth and the American destroyer Roosevelt.
In some cases, distorted information indicated that ships entered disputed areas, including the waters of naval bases, which is fraught with serious international conflicts.
The researchers recorded the falsifications after comparing the available information with the data of the AIS system (automatic ship identification system). Disinformation came from coastal AIS receivers, and real information came from satellites.


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You knew that to the precocious diagnosis aid to fight the evil with favorable results? You knew that the Graphology has managed to before need successfully cases cancer even of the medical diagnosis? Yes, it is verified at world-wide level, that the best form to fight against the cancer is the precocious diagnosis. The Grafopatologa, branch of of the Graphology that reveals through the writing the psychic or pathological state of the people, as a result of methodical observations, not has been back with the clinical area and has been born from the hand of her determining characteristic of health and disease in the writing. The Grafloga Matilde Evenness, disciple of the doctor and graflogo J. CrepieuxJamin mentions in one of his libros* the following so right phrase: " The collaboration of the doctor and the graflogo is always indispensable similarity to me, because the graphology and the medicine have many meeting points: they are two sciences of observation, whose purpose is the one to study, with the help of general laws, particular cases. The collaboration of the doctor and the graflogo prevails reason on the other.
If it is necessary that each owns, the one graphology slight knowledge, the other medicine slight knowledge, is preferable that each of them remains specialized in its science, because each of them demands a continuous training from that ejerce". It is clear that this small self-examination does not try to ignore to the medical pursuit, but tries to be one more aid for the self-knowledge in this aspect. The certain thing is that from year 1950 when the first graphological method was verified, the test of Kanfer **, to the present time, the Graphology has been able to summarize graphical peculiarities that stand out in people with cancer. Peculiar and the excellent thing is that often the graphology has been right before the medicine, for that reason is without a doubt an effective weapon for the precocious detection.


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Turn off the water!
Water is as integral to poultry and meat processing as the protein itself, but this essential element is becoming scarcer – and more expensive. Every processor should make a priority out of using less water: It's good for the planet, good for the community, and good for the bottom line. Yet water management has many potential challenges, including maintaining food safety and quality and overcoming ingrained human habits. Our panel of experts will examine water management strategies including reduction, recycling and treatment. This webinar will address how water management can affect your company's finances, product quality, and food safety while also providing some tips on how to effectively implement the right strategy for your operation.
The Issue: Water in Industry
MartinoThe Pacific Institute has researched the use of water by industry, including meat processing, and the effect on the surrounding environment, such as aquifers and sources of surface water. With periods of drought becoming more common — and water getting more expensive overall — Peter will explain why water use reduction and conservation is an urgent issue for all processors. MORE
The Solution: Reduction and Conservation
MartinoActionable techniques for reducing a plant's draw, and making the most of the water once it's in the plant. A lot of the solution involves implementing technologies, but much of it is simply the result of smart employee policies.MORE
BozzoWith a number of plants spread across the country, each with its own water challenges, Cargill serves as a great example for just about any processor. Hartter will explain how Cargill applies these ideas and techniques to its water management, and the value it has created for the company. MORE
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text:
I thought this video was a really good question dissolving by Richard Feynman. But it's in 240p! Nobody likes watching 240p videos. So I transcribed it. (Edit: That was in jest. The real reasons are because I thought I could get more exposure this way, and because a lot of people appreciate transcripts. Also, Paul Graham speculates that the written word is universally superior than the spoken word for the purpose of ideas.) I was going to post it as a rationality quote, but the transcript was sufficiently long that I think it warrants a discussion post instead.
Here you go:
Interviewer: If you get hold of two magnets, and you push them, you can feel this pushing between them. Turn them around the other way, and they slam together. Now, what is it, the feeling between those two magnets?
Feynman: What do you mean, "What's the feeling between the two magnets?"
Interviewer: There's something there, isn't there? The sensation is that there's something there when you push these two magnets together.
Feynman: Listen to my question. What is the meaning when you say that there's a feeling? Of course you feel it. Now what do you want to know?
Interviewer: What I want to know is what's going on between these two bits of metal?
Feynman: They repel each other.
Interviewer: What does that mean, or why are they doing that, or how are they doing that? I think that's a perfectly reasonable question.
Feynman: Of course, it's an excellent question. But the problem, you see, when you ask why something happens, how does a person answer why something happens? For example, Aunt Minnie is in the hospital. Why? Because she went out, slipped on the ice, and broke her hip. That satisfies people. It satisfies, but it wouldn't satisfy someone who came from another planet and who knew nothing about why when you break your hip do you go to the hospital. How do you get to the hospital when the hip is broken? Well, because her husband, seeing that her hip was broken, called the hospital up and sent somebody to get her. All that is understood by people. And when you explain a why, you have to be in some framework that you allow something to be true. Otherwise, you're perpetually asking why. Why did the husband call up the hospital? Because the husband is interested in his wife's welfare. Not always, some husbands aren't interested in their wives' welfare when they're drunk, and they're angry.
And you begin to get a very interesting understanding of the world and all its complications. If you try to follow anything up, you go deeper and deeper in various directions. For example, if you go, "Why did she slip on the ice?" Well, ice is slippery. Everybody knows that, no problem. But you ask why is ice slippery? That's kinda curious. Ice is extremely slippery. It's very interesting. You say, how does it work? You could either say, "I'm satisfied that you've answered me. Ice is slippery; that explains it," or you could go on and say, "Why is ice slippery?" and then you're involved with something, because there aren't many things as slippery as ice. It's very hard to get greasy stuff, but that's sort of wet and slimy. But a solid that's so slippery? Because it is, in the case of ice, when you stand on it (they say) momentarily the pressure melts the ice a little bit so you get a sort of instantaneous water surface on which you're slipping. Why on ice and not on other things? Because water expands when it freezes, so the pressure tries to undo the expansion and melts it. It's capable of melting, but other substances get cracked when they're freezing, and when you push them they're satisfied to be solid.
Why does water expand when it freezes and other substances don't? I'm not answering your question, but I'm telling you how difficult the why question is. You have to know what it is that you're permitted to understand and allow to be understood and known, and what it is you're not. You'll notice, in this example, that the more I ask why, the deeper a thing is, the more interesting it gets. We could even go further and say, "Why did she fall down when she slipped?" It has to do with gravity, involves all the planets and everything else. Nevermind! It goes on and on. And when you're asked, for example, why two magnets repel, there are many different levels. It depends on whether you're a student of physics, or an ordinary person who doesn't know anything. If you're somebody who doesn't know anything at all about it, all I can say is the magnetic force makes them repel, and that you're feeling that force.
You say, "That's very strange, because I don't feel kind of force like that in other circumstances." When you turn them the other way, they attract. There's a very analogous force, electrical force, which is the same kind of a question, that's also very weird. But you're not at all disturbed by the fact that when you put your hand on a chair, it pushes you back. But we found out by looking at it that that's the same force, as a matter of fact (an electrical force, not magnetic exactly, in that case). But it's the same electric repulsions that are involved in keeping your finger away from the chair because it's electrical forces in minor and microscopic details. There's other forces involved, connected to electrical forces. It turns out that the magnetic and electrical force with which I wish to explain this repulsion in the first place is what ultimately is the deeper thing that we have to start with to explain many other things that everybody would just accept. You know you can't put your hand through the chair; that's taken for granted. But that you can't put your hand through the chair, when looked at more closely, why, involves the same repulsive forces that appear in magnets. The situation you then have to explain is why, in magnets, it goes over a bigger distance than ordinarily. There it has to do with the fact that in iron all the electrons are spinning in the same direction, they all get lined up, and they magnify the effect of the force 'til it's large enough, at a distance, that you can feel it. But it's a force which is present all the time and very common and is a basic force of almost - I mean, I could go a little further back if I went more technical - but on an early level I've just got to tell you that's going to be one of the things you'll just have to take as an element of the world: the existence of magnetic repulsion, or electrical attraction, magnetic attraction.
I can't explain that attraction in terms of anything else that's familiar to you. For example, if we said the magnets attract like if rubber bands, I would be cheating you. Because they're not connected by rubber bands. I'd soon be in trouble. And secondly, if you were curious enough, you'd ask me why rubber bands tend to pull back together again, and I would end up explaining that in terms of electrical forces, which are the very things that I'm trying to use the rubber bands to explain. So I have cheated very badly, you see. So I am not going to be able to give you an answer to why magnets attract each other except to tell you that they do. And to tell you that that's one of the elements in the world - there are electrical forces, magnetic forces, gravitational forces, and others, and those are some of the parts. If you were a student, I could go further. I could tell you that the magnetic forces are related to the electrical forces very intimately, that the relationship between the gravity forces and electrical forces remains unknown, and so on. But I really can't do a good job, any job, of explaining magnetic force in terms of something else you're more familiar with, because I don't understand it in terms of anything else that you're more familiar with.


What is coworking?
Coworking refers to people working together in a shared space, often with different projects or companies.
Similar to coliving, coworking is enabled by pooling resources between people to create workspace that is both productive and less expensive for all, without making the sacrifices made by people who work from home or cafes.
Book a stay at Outsite today.


text:
Nipple inversion is the situation where the nipple does not have its natural projection but is inverted towards the breast gland. This situation can be present in one or even both breasts and is met both in women and men.
Usually, inverted nipple is a congenital condition caused mainly by short milk ducts. In some cases though, nipple inversion is the result of a certain situation. The main causes for acquired nipple inversion are;
- Breast feeding
- Inflammatory breast diseases
- Breast ptosis (drooping breasts)
- Breast cancer
There are three grades of nipple inversion;
Grade 1; the nipple can be easily protracted by applying gentle pressure around the areola or with stimulation.
Grade 2; the nipple can be pulled out, though not as easily as the Grade 1 inverted nipple. Immediately after pressure is released, the nipple retracts. Breastfeeding is usually not possible in these cases.
Grade 3; the nipple is severely inverted and retracted. It can be rarely pulled out physically and requires surgery in order to be protracted. Milk ducts are often constricted and breast feeding is impossible.
How can nipple inversion be restored?
Surgery is carried out under local anesthesia. Modern surgical approach aims in restoring the nipple, both aesthetically and functionally. Overnight stay at the clinic is not required. There is no substantial post operative pain and patients can generally go back to work in a week after the surgery.


text:
"Behind Appearances"1 is the title of a fascinating book which, with beautiful illustrations and thought-provoking text, traces the still-developing foundations of science, and sometimes of philosophy, upon which much of art, perhaps unwittingly, is built. In a quite different context, science itself has its own "behind appearances." New quirks that turn up in long-accepted verities alert the curious investigator to search beyond what meets the eye, with the result that old concepts are modified, abandoned, or confirmed.
Such is the case with postgastrectomy hypoglycemia, often a late component of the dumping syndrome. For many years it has been assumed, logically enough, that the low levels of blood glucose observed two to three hours after ingestion of a carbohydrate meal are attributable to the hypersecretion of insulin in response to the high and prolonged hyperglycemia induced by the rush of food into the intestine. That this chain of events does


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In the bible, many (most?) of the major characters are given meaningful names. For example, the name of the prophet Ishmael literally means "God has heard" in Hebrew, and is derived from the following Biblical revelation (from Genesis 16):
Similarly, in Islam, the name of the prophet Muhammad also has the clear meaning of "Praised one" in Arabic.
Given that the languages of Arabic and Hebrew are so closely related, do the Arabic names of the Biblical prophets in the Qur'an (or any of the major Biblical persons) maintain such meaning to their names, or were these simply transliterations?
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2 Answers 2
No, absolutely not. The Quranic names are direct Syriac transliteration, so they lose the meaning. The Quran doesn't use the genius of the 2 languages to connect words.
Some names do have archaic connections, but no Arab can tell today. For example, Adam means dark/dirt in early Arabic and Hebrew, but no one knows that today. Talut is Saul, and everyone knows that Tawl means 'Tall' in Arabic, which matches the Biblical description of him.
Ibraheem is connected to Hebrew Ab-RaHam (Father of Nations). Ibraheem means nothing close. For Isma'il, The root word Sama'(Hear) is there, but it is not a translation and no Arab could easily pick that up. No other names have these type of connections.
Only Muhammad, Ahmad, Iblees and Zaid are Arabic names, the rest are just meaningless translations, like English.
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Of course every single name in the Quran has a meaning for e.g Ibrahim name has a Hebrew origin and if u translate it in Arabic it's will be ab raheem meaning merciful father and Musa means saved from the water and e.t.c. Every single word in the Quran of course has meaning but huroof muqattat like alif lam meem have a meaning but we haven't been given knowledge about what their meaning is. EVERY SINGLE WORD IN THE NOBLE QURAN HAS A MEANING l. Jazakallahkhair
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text:
Tented roofs, a feature of medieval ecclesiastical architecture, were commonly employed to cover high, conical roof structures on churches. It had the shape of a polygonal spire but had a different purpose in that it was usually employed to roof the main internal area of a church rather than as an ancillary building. The word "tent" here means a large circular or polygonal room with a domed ceiling. These rooms were used for various purposes by medieval churches including as baptisteries, tombs, and refectories.
The word "church" here refers to the main body or place of worship of a Christian congregation; it may be defined as "the place where Christians meet to hear God's Word preached and to celebrate the sacraments." In ancient times there was no distinction made between church and chapel, but nowadays the term "chapel" is generally applied to smaller buildings set aside for religious purposes while the term "church" denotes a larger institution with other functions attached to it. However, in early Christianity chapels were often built into the walls of homes where prayers could be said directly facing heaven; these became known as "tombs" because the occupants were saying farewell to life itself. Thus, a tent roof chapel is a small structure set next to a tomb which served as a place of prayer for those who lived there.
In order to preserve heat during cold seasons and protect worshipers from rain, some medieval churches had tent-shaped roofs.
Timber was employed in the Dome of the Rock because the usage of wood in domes had shown to be quite useful in churches. It made the building lighter and more flexible, but it needed to be weatherproofed with copper or lead. The timber used in the construction of the dome was pine.
Domes are particularly useful for church buildings because they allow in light while protecting the interior space from the elements. They also function as high-quality windows when used in large quantities. There are several types of domes used in architecture, including: shell domes, tent domes, and cupolas. Churches that use domes as their roof design include some of the most famous buildings in the world. These include the Great Mosque of Mecca, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome, and Nipponzack Church near New York City.
In conclusion, churches use domes as a means of protection from the elements while allowing in light. They are particularly useful for church buildings because they allow in light while protecting the interior space from the elements.
They were gradually incorporated into the church construction and crowned with more complex roofs until the spire was completed. Towers are a prevalent feature of religious architecture across the world, and they are often considered as attempts to strive aloft toward the skies and the holy.
There are many reasons why churches would need towers. The most obvious is defense: the tower provides protection for people inside the walls of the church when attacked from without or threatened from within. It can also be used as a lookout post, or even as an antenna for sending messages over long distances. There are other ways in which towers find use in religion that aren't readily apparent today. For example, before mechanical clocks were invented, priests used to let people know the time by sounding bells at specific points in the day. Since people needed to be reminded of these times, the bells had to be easy for them to hear from outside the church walls.
The first churches had simple structures with little or no decoration. Over time, builders began to incorporate decorative features into their churches, most notably stained glass windows. These additions to religious buildings are called "afterpieces" and include detailed paintings on the wall or ceiling in place of glass. The artists who created these works often based their designs on biblical stories or historical events related to Christianity. For example, one artist might paint a series of scenes from the life of Christ while another paints pictures for a festival celebrating Easter.
A basic church can be constructed using mud brick, wattle and daub, split logs, or rubble. Its roof might be made of thatch, shingles, corrugated iron, or banana leaves. However, beginning in the fourth century, church groups attempted to build church buildings that were both lasting and artistically attractive. These early churches used concrete for their foundations and walls. They often had flat roofs covered with tiles or slates.
Concrete was first developed in China about 2,000 years ago. It was introduced into Europe around 500 AD by Arab merchants. Concrete has been used for large structures such as bridges, but it was not suitable for use in building small houses. In the 17th century, French scientist Blaise Pascal invented the pneumatic tube system, which is now used in subway stations all over the world.
Pascal also invented a machine called a "pneumatograph," which was the first air-conditioned room. It functioned by passing air through tubes wrapped around a cylinder attached to a fan; the wind from the fan moved through the tubes, cooling off the interior space. This invention helped make big buildings possible again after the great fire of 1668 destroyed much of London.
In the United States, some churches are built with wood, while others are built with concrete. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) uses steel instead.
Their roofs were mostly thatched, but they might also be built of wood or clay on occasion. During the Middle Ages, lumber was an essential component of the majority of constructions. Essentially, wood was used for the majority of a house's framework as well as the roof structure. Oak was commonly utilized in England owing of its high resistance to humidity. The main advantage of using wood instead of metal for these structures is price: it is much cheaper to build a house with wood than it is to build one with metal. A disadvantage of this method is that wood can expand and contract over time, which could cause problems with the stability of the building.
Clay was also used during this period of time. It was easy to work with and available in most areas. However, it didn't last very long so it wasn't very effective at preventing leaks.
Metal has many advantages over wood and clay. It is stronger, more durable, less dense, and does not decay like wood does. Metal also has many different shapes and styles that you can create with it such as flat sheets, tubes, wires, and all kinds of other designs. With these advantages, it is no surprise that metal became popular instead of wood or clay.
During the Middle Ages, most houses were made of wood. However, because of its advantages, metal started to replace wood later on. In fact, houses built in Europe today are usually made of metal because it is easier to repair when needed.


text: Until the last few decades, anthropogenic chemicals used in most production processes have not been comprehensively assessed for their risk and impact on wildlife and humans. They are transported globally and usually end up in the environment as unintentional pollutants, causing long-term adverse effects. Modern toxicology practices typically use acute toxicity tests of unrealistic concentrations of chemicals to determine their safe use, missing pathological effects arising from long-term exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations. Here, we study the transgenerational effect of environmentally relevant concentrations of five chemicals on the priority list of international regulatory frameworks on the keystone species Daphnia magna. We expose Daphnia genotypes resurrected from the sedimentary archive of a lake with a known history of chemical pollution to the five chemicals to understand how historical exposure to chemicals influences adaptive responses to novel chemical stress. We measure withinand transgenerational plasticity in fitness-linked life history traits following exposure of "experienced" and "naive" genotypes to novel chemical stress. As the revived Daphnia originate from the same genetic pool sampled at different times in the past, we are able to quantify the long-term evolutionary impact of chemical pollution by studying genome-wide diversity and identifying functional pathways affected by historical chemical stress. Our results suggest that historical exposure to chemical stress causes reduced genome-wide diversity, leading to lower cross-generational tolerance to novel chemical stress. Lower tolerance is underpinned by reduced gene diversity at detoxification, catabolism and endocrine genes in experienced genotypes. We show that these genes sit within pathways that are conserved and potential chemical targets in other species, including humans.


Home » Android » core » ui » ImageButton » Android ImageButton Selector Example
About Ilias Tsagklis
Ilias Tsagklis
Android ImageButton Selector Example
In Android you can use the ImageButton component to display a normal Button with a custom image as a background. Take a look at our previous tutorial to remember the use of ImageButton. The fact is that you can do more than just an Image which is also a button. In this tutorial we are going to use two different images that will reflect the status of one button. When the button is released, the green Android logo will be the background image of the button. When the button is pressed, the green Android logo will be the background image of the button.
For this tutorial, we will use the following tools in a Windows 64-bit platform:
 1. JDK 1.7
 2. Eclipse 4.2 Juno
 3. Android SKD 4.2
1. Create a new Android Project
Open Eclipse IDE and go to File -> New -> Project -> Android -> Android Application Project and click Next.
You have to specify the Application Name, the Project Name and the Package name in the appropriate text fields and then click Next.
In the next window make sure the "Create activity" option is selected in order to create a new activity for your project, and click Next. This is optional as you can create a new activity after creating the project, but you can do it all in one step.
Select "BlankActivity" and click Next.
You will be asked to specify some information about the new activity. In the Layout Name text field you have to specify the name of the file that will contain the layout description of your app. In our case the file res/layout/main.xml will be created. Then, click Finish.
2. Adding a picture in the appropriate project folder
As you would have noticed in the Package explorer, there are 4 folders that contain the image resources of the project :
 1. res/drawable-hdpi
 2. res/drawable-ldpi
 3. res/drawable-mdpi
 4. res/drawable-hdpi
You can copy the images you want to put in you're application in any one of these folders. Android SDK will automatically recognize any images you put on any one of these folders as drawable resources. So, copy the images in the folder you want. If the image does not appear in the Package Explorer under the folder you've copied it into, right click on the project name and select Refresh. Now the image should be under the correct folder. As you can see, I've three images in res/drawable-hdpi:
3. Create the Selector for different button states
We want to use the Selector component as a drawable resource in our main.xml file. Right click on the res/drawable-hdpi folder and select New -> Other -> Android -> Android XML File:
And provide the requested attributes as shown in the picture below, and Click Finish:
As you will notice, on the Package Explorer a new folder has been created (res/drawable) that contains mybutton.xml:
So now mybutton.xml is a drawable resource. Open that file and paste the following code:

4. Create the main layout of the Application
Open res/layout/main.xml file :
And paste the following code :
 android:orientation="vertical" >
 android:background="_USER_/mybutton" />
Now you may open the Graphical layout editor to preview the User Interface you created:
5. Code
Go to the java file that contains the code of the activity you've just created:
And paste the following code:
package com.javacodegeeks.android.imagebuttonselectorexample;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 Button button;
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 public void addButtonListener() {
 button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
 button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
 public void onClick(View view) {
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Button is clicked!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
The above code is pretty straight forward. When we press the image button, a short message will be displayed.
6. Run the application
This is the main screen of our Application. Remember that the image is also a button:
Now, when you press the button and keep it pressed:
When you leave the button :
Download Eclipse Project
This was an Android ImageButton Selector Example. Download the Eclipse Project of this tutorial: AndroidImageButtonSelectorExample.zip
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text:
Negotiating Natural Resource Agreements
Petersen Consulting has worked for both industry and First Nations to negotiate and create successful and sustainable working relationships. These negotiations are typically on mining, forestry and hydroelectric projects.
We have negotiated dozens of Impact Benefit Agreements, Exploration Accommodation Agreements and Long Term Forestry Agreements, collectively called Industry Agreements.
Our team does not just negotiate Industry Agreements. We assist in the formulation and implementation to ensure that all parties to the agreement obtain mutual benefit.
There is no cookie cutter approach to negotiating and authoring Industry Agreements. Each Industry Agreement will be as unique as the profile, priorities and objectives of each First Nation and resource company involved.
By having experience working for both First Nations and industry, we can successfully negotiate the differences.
As part of the journey of negotiating and implementing Industry Agreements, we can provide the following services:
- Workshops to explain the potential content of Industry Agreements and what issues are important. We will also provide real examples of various business contracting models that have been used in Industry Agreements such as competitive set aside, open book negotiations and competitive contracts.
- Revenue sharing options
- Template joint venture agreements


General Question
Violet's avatar
What causes tartar build up on teeth?
Asked by Violet (6566 points ) February 25th, 2010
The dental assistant and I were stumped today during my visit. I take great care of my teeth, and she knows that.
I've been driving a lot of Sprite Zero, which has Phenylketonurics (aspartame, an artificial sweetener).
Could that cause tartar build up?
If not, what causes tartar build up?
Observing members: 0 Composing members: 0
14 Answers
Lightlyseared's avatar
It is a hardened form of dental plaque (a biofilm produced by bacteria in the mouth) caused by the continual accumulation of minerals from saliva on plaque on the teeth.
Violet's avatar
_USER_ and what causes that?
lilikoi's avatar
You should've asked your dentist for a better explanation while you were there.
Bacteria eat sugar so yes, drinking soda or eating anything with sugar will provide food for bacteria to multiply. They form plaque. When that sits around for a while, it eventually hardens to form tartar.
The back of your lower front teeth can be prone to plaque development because there are salivary glands near them.
I've been told by dentists that some people are just prone to plaque development while others are not.
Violet's avatar
She did explain this all to me. We just couldn't figure out why all of the sudden it was happening (like elevated salivary pH, heightened concentration of calcium in the saliva, increased bacterial protein and lipid concentration, increased concentration of protein and urea in submandibular salivary glands)
And there isn't any sugar in my soda.
loser's avatar
Not flossing.
Cruiser's avatar
Eat Cap'n Crunch, that stuff is like sand blasting your teeth. Eat a handful a day and you will never have to floss again.
dpworkin's avatar
It precipitates out of your saliva, so if you are holding saliva in a portion of your mouth (generally, near the bottom incisors) you will get more plaque in that are, no matter how much you brush and floss. There is also a genetic component to your propensity to form plaque.
CMaz's avatar
trailsillustrated's avatar
its your body ph. a more acidic ph will have less build up more of a propensity for tooth decayan alkaline ph will have lots of build up but low tooth decay. don't worry about it. get your teeth cleaned regularly maybe
neverawake's avatar
when you don't brush daily, drinking coffee constantly, and a lot of other things.
phil196662's avatar
_USER_… aspartame, asuflame, sucrolose is sugar! and changes the ph in your mouth and can contribute to plaque.
Check your diet too, are you eating your dark green leafies and enough whole grains? Go to your doctor and get a blood test and see if anythings changed to cause your plaque.
Remember, finger nails, teeth, skin and hair all tell a story of boy health and if this happened recently it might be worth checking into with your doctor!
Shuttle128's avatar
_USER_ All of those artificial sweeteners are very not sugar. None are metabolized like sugar (which is one of the main reasons they exist in the first place). Even if most of the structure of sucralose is similar to sucrose, it is not the same because hydroxides are replaced with chlorine. The sweeteners behave very similarly to sucrose but none act exactly the same whatsoever. In fact most sweeteners are several hundred times more sweet than sucrose itself.
phil196662's avatar
And what's that caustic work you used.. chlorine… ahhhclean out the insides! I simply use moderation and eat the real stuffwe still don't know the long range effects and if they are contributing to any diseases or ailments.
Shuttle128's avatar
Well, your body actually needs chlorine. You ingest chlorine any time you eat something seasoned with salt.
I don't particularly like the taste of artificial sweeteners and would rather eat real sugar in moderation anyway. There's no indication yet that artificial sweeteners cause any long-term harm though (that is unless you have phenylketonuria).
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text:
Challenge: Change Machine
Write a class that simulates the functionality of a change machine.
- A Constructor that accepts a list of coins.
So you can setup the initial state of the machine. What denominations it accepts and initial quantities. etc.
- A way to set the Unit Price.
Edit: Unit Price -> The amount you have to pay, before goods are dispensed and change issued.
- A way of inserting coins
- A way to return the coins the user has inserted for the current transaction.
- A way to dispense the change (once the unit price is met), made from the available coins in the machine.
Excluding those the user has insert for the current transaction. After the transaction is completer those coins are available to be used for change.
- Raise Events to reflect the internal state changes.
Submissions (preferably vb.net) must follow the traditional challenge standing orders.
This post has been edited by AdamSpeight2008: 02 October 2012 - 08:58 AM


Image credit: USA Today Sports
As a Baseball Prospectus reader, you're undoubtedly familiar with charts like this:
That chart, popularized by the website (which is run by Harry Pavlidis and Dan Brooks), shows pitch movement for a variety of pitches. You may have also seen this same chart with the X and Y axes clearly marked, showing pitches that move up or down relative to a "spinless pitch"—as in this example from former BP writer and current Houston Astros Director of Research and Development Mike Fast:
This paradigm for describing pitch movement focuses on short-form movement, and that's what we'll call it moving forward. Why is it called short-form? Well, this method of displaying movement compacts the window we view pitch movement through to compare all pitches to an origin that would be created by a pitch with 100 percent gyro spin–that is, a pitch with no spin-induced movement.
This gives us the familiar look of fastballs that move "up" on account of their backspin, and curveballs that drop on account of their topspin. Frankly, it's a clever way to display pitch movement because it clearly highlights how spin begets magnus forces, which begets movement.
There's just one problem with only ever viewing a pitcher's arsenal through this lens: it doesn't reflect reality. To better reflect the actions of pitches in the real world, we need to look at long-form movement. It's much less likely that you're familiar with a long-form movement chart, so let's take a look and see how it compares to its more popular sibling:
On the left is the short-form movement chart from above, and the right is the long-form chart. At first blush they look exactly the same, but let's late a deeper look. The short-form chart ranges from -15 inches to +15 inches on the Y-axis, while the long-form chart ranges from -80 to 0 inches. This discrepancy is a result of the long-form movement chart including the effects of gravity, which is why all pitches now drop below 0 on the Y-axis. The long-form chart illustrates the "fastballs don't actually rise" phenomenon, while the short-form chart shows fastballs with a positive movement value in the vertical plane.
This effect is clearly illustrated through the relationship between sinkers and changeups on the chart. On the short-form chart, they appear to be one blob, with nearly identical movement. On the long-form chart however, there's a clear break between the two clusters, as changeups drop as much as five inches more than sinkers.
In our pitch tunnels research, we came to the understanding that flight time difference, the relative speed difference of sequential pitches, was important to note. These long-form charts highlight that phenomenon as well. When you remove the effects of gravity, the movement of Clayton Kershaw's changeup and sinker is similar. In reality, there's an eight mph difference between the pitches. His changeup is in flight roughly 10 percent longer than his sinker, which means that gravity has longer to act on the pitch, resulting in more "drop" than you'd expect if you considered them to move the same.
Gravity imposes its will on almost everything, so it seems we would be remiss to ignore the role it plays in pitch movement. When you account for the impacts of gravity, Kershaw's curveball drops more than 60 inches, and almost 50 inches more than his fastball. That's more than four feet!
I've always found it challenging to watch pitchers bounce curveballs in the dirt and rectify that with short-form movement charts that show just 15 inches of vertical drop. It's hard to rectify that because it's not true. Those curveballs bouncing in the dirt have 40 or 50 or 60 inches of drop–four or more feet of movement in the vertical plane. That is reality, and much more closely matches the reality we see when we watch pitchers.
The idea of using long-form movement originated with Mike Fast and Matt Lentzner back at the annual summits held by Sportvision. It came out of the desire to more accurately depict what the batter sees, an ethos that we've incorporated into our pitch tunnels work nearly a decade later. At the time, Harry Pavlidis learned to appreciate that perspective, and has worked to shepherd it through his work at BrooksBaseball and Baseball Prospectus. Despite Pavlidis' efforts, short-form movement charts became the norm, and long-form movement was relegated to the extreme back burner.
Still, resurrecting the idea behind it is important. Let's take a look at another example to illustrate why long-form movement more accurate captures pitch movement than short-form. Here's a slider from Andrew Miller, one of the finest purveyors of the pitch:
That pitch certainly appears to drop and move from Miller's left to his right. According to his pitch movement chart, that's sort of accurate:
There you can see that Miller's slider moved roughly five inches from his arm side to his glove side. That's an impressive feat considering a ball thrown from his extreme arm angle naturally wants to move the opposite direction. What's confusing, however, is that the pitch apparently has almost no vertical movement. Perhaps an inch or two of drop, but not much.
That simply doesn't pass the sniff test. Looking at that GIF above, it's clear the ball drops. This is where long-form movement really does a great job capturing reality:
The long-form chart shows Miller's slider with more than 30 inches of drop in the vertical plane, in addition to the usual horizontal movement. Now that makes much more sense, and generally matches with the video above. In this case, the long-form movement chart better captures the reality the batter is facing.
This isn't to say that you should only use long-form movement charts or that short-form charts are bad. The point here is simply that the two charts do different things and tell different stories. Short-form charts are helpful when considering pitch mix and how certain pitches and their movement profiles work together. Long-form more accurately depicts the reality of the pitches a batter faces.
Both versions should be a tool in the tool box to analyze batter/pitcher performance. It's important that we understand the purpose and uses of both in order to more completely understand the batter/pitcher matchup.
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Noel Steere
Here's what I'd want to know next: What is the horizontal/vertical movement of a batter's swing plane when facing these pitches? An actual vertical drop of 4 feet sounds impressive, but some pitchers seem to throw breaking balls that mimic a batter's swing plane, and therefore spend too much time in a hitter's zone. It would seem we could combine the interaction between pitcher and hitter to see whether that's actually true. The work on Effective Velocity tries to account for this, though the correlation with actual results hasn't been as good as other estimators.


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Have you seen what acid dye can do? After doing a good deal of reading about how you only need the primary colors of acid dyes and that by mixing the primary colors you can make any color with acid dye, I decided to venture out in my own usual way. Instead of opting for the primary colors and carefully weighing and measuring everything to build a color, I decided to use the pre-mixed colors and "break" them into their component colors. The results are more fun than you can imagine!
The rules are there for a reason, but what is the reason? Pre-dissolving the dyes is necessary regardless of color, as no one wants to have dye granules in their yarn or fiber. Heating the dye pot is needed to activate the dye. The two aspects that can be manipulated to get amazing results is the distribution of the acid in the dye pot, and the pre-wetting of the fiber. These are rules that are in place to give uniform results within the batch and to make it possible to repeat colors from one batch to the next. This is a great tool for mass production, but for small batch artistic dye work, it may not be the best way.
I use food grade citric acid in my dye pot. It takes a scant tablespoon to four gallons of water. The citric acid is sold in most health food stores in a white granulated form. To achieve a broken dye, add the citric acid to the pot and stir minimally. This will allow the acid to dissolve without being evenly distributed through the dye pot. The variations in the ph within the dye-bath will cause certain colors to be taken up more readily than others. For example, using ProChem Violet 818, it breaks into a very dark purple, a blue, and a deep mauve.
The other factor that can be manipulated when dyeing protein fibers is pre-wetting the fiber. Leaving a portion of the yarn or roving floating on the top of the soak water and only wetting it as it is placed into the dye pot, will cause an uneven take-up of the dye solution. The resulting yarn or fiber will be various shades of the same color. If you combine this technique with the layered dye bath, the results are phenomenal!
It just proves that while most rules are there for a reason, some can be broken to achieve amazing results!


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Purpose: The authors explored the empirical dosing requirement for administration of an a2-adrenoceptor agonist, brimonidine, and determined its efficacy in decreasing elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP) after 360° argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). Methods: This vehicle-controlled, double-masked, multicenter trial evaluated three dosing regimens of brimonidine. Two hundred thirty-two patients for whom 360° ALT was indicated were randomized into one of four treatment groups: 0.5% brimonidine both before and after ALT; brimonidine before but vehicle after ALT; vehicle before but brimonidine after ALT; or vehicle at both times. Results: During the first 3 hours after 360° ALT, the overall incidence of IOP elevations of 5 mmHg or greater was 38% (23 of 60 eyes) in the group receiving vehicle only, and it ranged from 3% to 9% (2 of 62 to 5 of 53 eyes) in the groups receiving any brimonidine treatment. There was little difference in efficacy between the three dosing regimens of brimonidine. Brimonidine was well tolerated by the patients. Conclusion: Based on this large, controlled, multicenter study, 0.5% brimonidine was an effective agent for reducing elevations in IOP after 360° ALT. Only one dose, administered either before or after 360° ALT, was required.
ASJC Scopus subject areas


How To Decorate Your Cookies?
All the dessert lovers would have surely loved having cookies in their dessert course during parties or to try baking something new. The simple cookies in appearance may not attract your kids to enjoy them as much as the decorated and colorful cookies. If you love baking and have a creative flair while doing something, then you can try your hands at decorating cookies. The process of decorating cookies activates your creative thinking ability and is a fun and engaging activity to pursue, especially during this period of a pandemic. You will come to know the basics of decorating your cookies further below.
Tips To Decorate Your Cookies
Broadly, three steps are involved in the decoration of cookies which are
 - Baking cookies and them having their cut-outs.
 - Preparation of royal icing and then dividing it with the proper consistency, coloring it and preparing decorating bags.
 - Outlining and filing your cookies. Finally, adding details to your cookies.
The ingredients and supplies that are required for decorating your cookies are
 1. Royal icing
 2. Sugar cookies that have been cut-out
 3. Disposable decorating bags of approximately 12 inches
 4. Spoons and bowls
 5. Food coloring material
 6. Scissors
 7. Decorating tips of sizes 2,3,4, and 5
 8. Paper towels
 9. Toothpicks
 10. Spatula or a small knife
 11. Standard couplers
For preparation and coloring of icing, you need to make sure whether you need thick or thin icing. For thick icing, it is suggested to add powdered sugar, and for thinning, you can add water to the icing. To color the icing, you can divide the icing into different bowls and add different food coloring to experiment with colors on the icing.
How To Assemble And Fill A Decorating Bag?
For assembling your decorating bag with the help of a tip and a coupler, you need to cut about half inches of the tip of your bag. After that, try to insert the coupler inside the bag. The decorating tip should be at the end of the bag. Finally, you can fill the decorating bag with the icing and close its other end with a rubber band.
For piping the icing before on the cookies' surface, it is suggested to practice piping it on parchment paper of a wax piece. After that, you can first outline your cookies by piping the icing. Finally, the interior part of the cookies can be filled with icing after the outline gets dried.
Thus, you can decorate your cookies using the above steps and find the required coloring material on


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There is an old joke that people at work sometimes say to each other: Are you working hard or hardly working? To work hard means to work with seriousness, to work a great deal, to work a lot. To hardly do something is to barely do something, to do very little of something. Hardly as an adverb means something different than hard as a noun. So the joke is basically: Are you working a lot (working hard) or a little (hardly working)?
I was reminded of this expression when I read a recent article in The Economist. (The Economist is a news magazines from Great Britain. It is published in the US as well.) The article was called "An Idle Proposal" (to be idle means not to work). The story had a chart of how many national public holidays different countries had each year. The country with the highest number was Spain, with 16; the lowest country was Romania, with five. The United States was in the middle: we have ten holidays celebrated by most states. (Each state determines its own public holidays.) Some of our national holidays are shared by other countries – Christmas and New Year's Day, for example. Most of our holidays are unique to the US: Independence Day (4th of July), Thanksgiving, Labor Day, Memorial Day, Washington's Birthday (also called President's Day), Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Veteran's Day, and Columbus Day. In addition, some states have their own holidays. In California, we celebrate Cesar Chavez Day, in honor of a famous Mexican American civil rights hero in the 1960s.
I'm looking forward to another holiday!


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Our new edited book on thermodynamic analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants has been just published.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Geothermal Power Plants guides researchers and engineers on the analysis and optimization of geothermal power plants through conventional and innovative methods. Coverage encompasses the fundamentals, thermodynamic analysis, and optimization of geothermal power plants. Advanced thermodynamic analysis tools such as exergy analysis, thermoeconomic analysis, and several thermodynamic optimization methods are covered in depth for different configurations of geothermal power plants through case studies. Interdisciplinary research with relevant economic and environmental dimensions are addressed in many of the studies. Multiobjective optimization studies aimed at better efficiency, lower cost, and a lower environmental impact are also discussed in this book.
For more information, please click here.


text:
Courses of Study
Our program is designed to grant students maximum freedom in tailoring their studies to their academic interests. Graduate students work closely with a Special Committee of their choice that advises them and administers the examinations required for an advanced degree. The Graduate School permits any combination of major and minor subjects approved by the candidate's Special Committee.
To allow for maximum flexibility in their studies students are expected to complete a minimum number of required courses, including:
- five of the anchor courses taught by a faculty member in the Department of German Studies in the following four areas of German culture: Middle Ages through the Reformation; the Baroque through the end of the eighteenth century; the nineteenth century; the twentieth century;
- a course in language pedagogy offered by the department every fall;
- course work required to demonstrate proficiency in a language other than German relevant to the student's field of concentration.


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Scene Text Recognition via Transformer
Mar 18, 2020
Xinjie Feng, Hongxun Yao, Yuankai Yi, Jun Zhang, Shengping Zhang
Scene text recognition with arbitrary shape is very challenging due to large variations in text shapes, fonts, colors, backgrounds, etc. Most state-of-the-art algorithms rectify the input image into the normalized image, then treat the recognition as a sequence prediction task. The bottleneck of such methods is the rectification, which will cause errors due to distortion perspective. In this paper, we find that the rectification is completely unnecessary. What all we need is the spatial attention. We therefore propose a simple but extremely effective scene text recognition method based on transformer [50]. Different from previous transformer based models [56,34], which just use the decoder of the transformer to decode the convolutional attention, the proposed method use a convolutional feature maps as word embedding input into transformer. In such a way, our method is able to make full use of the powerful attention mechanism of the transformer. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods by a very large margin on both regular and irregular text datasets. On one of the most challenging CUTE dataset whose state-of-the-art prediction accuracy is 89.6%, our method achieves 99.3%, which is a pretty surprising result. We will release our source code and believe that our method will be a new benchmark of scene text recognition with arbitrary shapes.
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text:
Expression statements are used (mostly interactively) to compute and
write a value, or (usually) to call a procedure (a function that
returns no meaningful result; in Python, procedures return the value
None). Other uses of expression statements are allowed and
occasionally useful. The syntax for an expression statement is:
An expression statement evaluates the expression list (which may be a single expression).
In interactive mode, if the value is not
None, it is converted
to a string using the built-in repr()function and the resulting string is written to standard output (see
section 6.6) on a line by itself. (Expression statements
None are not written, so that procedure calls do not
cause any output.)
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.


Take the City of Seattle Resilience Survey
Resilience is a critical element of sustainability. The City of Seattle is developing a resilience strategy and would like your input. From the Seattle GreenSpace blog:
Building Seattle's Resilience
Click the image to share your thoughts in a 5-minute survey. This survey will provide critical guidance to our work
Seattle is known for its progressive policies, stunning natural environment, a thriving economy, and an overall high quality of life. However, we also share same urban challenges of other large cities including significant racial disparities around housing, economic opportunity, education, and public health. Our rapid pace of our growth threatens to amplify these disparities.
Additionally, Seattle sits on and is near several seismic faults that have historically been the epicenter of catastrophic earthquakes. We rely on the abundant rainfall and snowpack to provide safe drinking water and affordable, clean hydroelectric power. However, climate change will impact these resources and also increases the risk of serious flooding.
In order to continue to thrive in the face of ongoing stressors as well as in the instance of catastrophic events, Seattle must build and grow our resilience. In partnership with the 100RC–Pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation–we have launched an effort to develop a robust resilience assessment and a corresponding strategy to that will build on our strengths and shore up our gaps. This work will examine and answer the question:
How can Seattle continue to thrive amidst ongoing urban challenges, prepare for sudden shocks and catastrophic events, and create opportunities for all residents to enjoy a prosperous, healthy, and high quality of life?


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Researchers at MIT have developed a messaging anonymity system, dubbed Vuvuzela, which can apparently conceal senders' and recipients' metadata in a mass of 'noise'. This approach might well represent the future of anonymity tools.
Engineers at the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), the largest research laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), claim to have found a way to prevent text messages sent through an online network being traced back to the sender and recipient by third parties by obfuscating the metadata that would enable infiltrators to identify the two principals. The anonymity system they have developed, Vuvuzela, is named after the stadium horn popularised by South African football fans as it is designed to drown out personal sender-recipient information in a flood of 'noise'.
How the new CSAIL approach works is that messages exchanged using the Vuvuzela anonymity network, which sits on top of the public Internet, are not transferred directly from sender to receiver but first stored on three different servers. Each message is wrapped in three layers of encryption. The system randomly changes the order in which messages are relayed from server to server, some seconds apart. The system also generates a large number of dummy messages even when users are not messaging each other, thus adding extra noise around the process. This, claim the MIT experts, makes it almost impossible to identify the critical metadata from a sizeable flow of unconnected messages.
Vuvuzela's conversation protocol
This initiative appears to be a timely one, given that cybersecurity has become a major issue for both state authorities and commercial companies and that we have recently heard reports of potential weaknesses in the much-praised anonymity network Tor, which is designed to hide users' Internet activity, including website visits and online communication, from prying eyes. At any rate, Vuvuzela's approach – not based on encrypting content but scrambling clues as to when, by whom and to whom an online message is sent – certainly looks to be a promising avenue for maintaining confidentiality and protecting identity.


Third Army Traffic Map. June 1918.
The logistical complexity behind the front line is visualised in this Third Army road traffic map of 1918.
Bold lines highlight the main roads for the use of motor vehicles and animals, whilst dotted lines denote single track roads, arrows giving the direction of travel. Exceptions are provided for officers and messengers, and animals are prohibited from being exercised on any roads.
Supply lines had failed during the Somme offensive of 1916, and a civilian, Sir Eric Geddes, was drafted in to improve British Expeditionary Force transport arrangements. By 1918 an efficient system of moving supplies, men and ammunition as quickly as possible to the front, and casualties and information away from it, had developed.
At the time of this map, the German Spring Offensive struck at the front in the bottom right corner of the map. In such circumstances the speed of logistics could be the difference between success and failure.
Full title
Third Army Traffic Map. June 1918.
Held by
British Library
Usage terms
Public Domain
Maps C.14.g.36.
Mapping the First World War
Mapping the First World War
The Great War: _PHONE_
The Great War 1914 to 1918