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I take an integrative approach to my dog Cardiff's health care during both bouts of sickness and for his general wellness. In 2007, Cardiff's first of four episodes (so far) of Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA) prompted me to investigate deeper into how to manage his condition besides solely using immunosuppressive drugs.
That's where whole-foods diet, nutraceuticals (supplements), herbs, acupuncture, and other treatments come into play to help support his whole-body health and manage the side effects resulting from the medications that suppress his immune system, one of which is the destruction of red blood cells.
Being well-versed on the integrative approach for Cardiff's immune mediated disease, I am also applying it to his treatment for T-Cell Lymphoma (white blood cell cancer).
What is the Integrative Approach?
The integrative approach means that more than one style of practicing veterinary medicine is used in formulating a treatment plan. As a certified veterinary acupuncturist (CVA), I'm trained in traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM). So, I apply the Chinese medicine perspective involving the Eight Principles: Excess, Deficiency, Interior, Exterior, Hot, Cold, Yin, and Yang.
Before pursuing my Chinese medicine training in 2005, I had been practicing conventional veterinary medicine for six years. As a result of four years of working as a veterinary technician during my college days, four years of veterinary school, and six years of clinical practice experience, I can't completely exclude my conventional training in favor of exclusively pursuing the TCVM approach. However, I learned that when I integrate TCVM into the conventional approach to veterinary medicine, I'm better able to understand the origin of my patients' ailments and have more available treatment options for them.
How Does the TCVM Perspective Apply to Cancer?
Cancer is a disease where cells have abnormal or damaged DNA that prevents the cells from being able to turn off their replication and achieve apoptosis (cell death). As a result, cancer cells repeatedly divide to form tumors.
Tumors can be singular or multiple. As tumors grow and spread (metastasize) they cause damage to surrounding tissues, create inflammation, suppress the normal immune system response, and generally wreak havoc on the body. Inflammation creates heat, which can eventually lead to clinical signs of redness, warmth or pain to the touch on the affected site, cool-seeking behavior, increased water consumption, lethargy, decreased appetite, and more.
According to TCVM theory, cancer is a disease of excess (cells dividing rapidly) and yang (masculine, uplifting energy), which creates heat (inflammation), which occurs from an internal source (abnormal cellular genetic material).
Besides destroying or removing cancer cells from the body to achieve a state of remission (no detectable cancer cells), the TCVM perspective of treatment aims to reduce inflammation, clear heat, promote quieting/calming (Yin) energy, keep the body well-hydrated, support the immune system, and more.
How Do I Use the Integrative Approach to Treat Cardiff's Cancer?
The integrative approach has been valuable in helping to manage Cardiff's cancer and the potential side effects associated with cancer treatment.
The conventional approach involves surgery and chemotherapy. Surgery has twice removed Cardiff's intestinal tumor and essentially put him into remission. Chemotherapy is being used to kill cancer cells that can form new tumors. Both surgery and chemotherapy can create inflammation, damage body tissues, cause immunosuppression, increase the chance for secondary infection, place excess burden on the body's detoxifying organs (liver, kidneys, spleen, intestines, lymph vessels and nodes, etc.), and more.
The bone marrow and digestive tract are two locations that are especially sensitive to chemotherapeutics. Bone marrow can become suppressed, which reduces normal red and white blood cell and platelet production. Anemia (low red blood cell numbers), immune system suppression (low white blood cell counts or altered function), and blood clotting abnormalities (low platelet count or abnormal function) will potentially ensue. Digestive tract signs of vomit, diarrhea, and decreased appetite can also develop.
Fortunately, not all pets suffer from these side effects. Chemotherapy protocols can be tailored to meet a patient's needs, and nutraceuticals and medications can be given to help reduce adverse responses.
My TCVM approach to Cardiff's cancer involves the integration of whole food diets and treats, nutraceuticals (supplements), herbs, acupuncture, and other treatments to complement surgery and chemotherapy. As the treatments Cardiff receives and the reasons behind their selections are quite lengthy, I'm going to cover such aspects in the next article.
Cardiff rests after treatment
Dr. Patrick Mahaney


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Minnesota Cancels Moose Hunting as Population Plummets
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) – Minnesota officials are canceling the state's moose hunting season because of a sharp decline in the moose population.
Department of Natural Resources officials say their annual aerial survey to estimate the moose population was "extremely disappointing," at about 2,760 animals.
Minnesota's moose population was estimated at a little more than 4,200 in last winter's survey. That number was already down by half from 2006.
Researchers are studying why one of Minnesota's signature animals is dwindling. Scientists think warmer weather, parasites and disease are contributing factors.
(Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved)

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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About the Sun
The whole picture
Jezek wants space agencies to pull together to create new satellite images of polar regions
Posted May 23, 2008
A decade after using an Earth-observing satellite to image Antarctica to create the first high-resolution mosaic of the continent, Ken Jezek hopes the world's space agencies will pull together their spaceborne resources to map the cryosphere in unprecedented detail and breadth.
The International Polar Year (IPY) project will rely on countries from Russia to China to the United Kingdom to use the constellation of Earth-observing satellites to capture data about ice sheets and sea ice in areas undergoing rapid changes. GIIPSY, for Global Inter-agency IPY Polar Snapshot Year, will use a range of satellite frequencies, from microwave to optical, to create a series of different images for a benchmark that scientists can use to track future changes.
"The challenges are formidable," concedes Jezek, a geophysicist with Byrd Polar Research Center at The Ohio State University in Columbus. "We're trying to get everyone who currently has a satellite operating to coordinate [their efforts], and to coordinate their acquisitions in such a way that the burden of acquisitions doesn't fall on any single agency, which may not have the mandate or resources to do that job."
Jezek sees GIIPSY as an ambitious successor to a project that BPRC coordinated with the Canadian Space Agency and NASA beginning in 1997 called RADARSAT Antarctic Mapping Project (RAMP).
Launched in November 1995 by NASA from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Canada's RADARSAT-1 satellite featured a powerful synthetic aperture radar that allowed it to image Earth day or night, in all weather and through cloud cover, smoke and haze.
In less than a month in 1997, RADARSAT-1 had collected the imagery necessary to create the first high-resolution mosaic of the continent. On each 12-minute pass over Antarctica, the radar imaged 100-kilometer-wide swaths up to 2,500 kilometers long. The mosaic combined more than 4,500 overlapping images with a resolution of 25 meters, each pixel about the size of a classroom.
A second mission in 2000 collected additional imagery around Antarctica's perimeter and its fast-moving glaciers, to capture data about areas most likely to have changed over the last three years.
"Our observations discovered several very large ice streams, one of which extends an equivalent distance along the Mississippi from New Orleans to Cairo, Ill," Jezek said, about 800 kilometers long. "These are very large features."
Scientists also used the imagery to acquire velocity measurements. Jezek explained the satellite detected the motion of the ice during the observation period. That helped the team create a velocity mosaic of most of the continent.
The rate and direction of motion reveals important information about the forces acting on ice sheets and glaciers, as well as about the rate at which ice is pouring into the coastal seas, and enables scientists to predict how the ice sheet might respond to changing global climate, according to Jezek.
He said the project, which is wrapping up after more than 10 years, also taught the team how to manage an instrument that required intensive data collection while competing with commercial interests for satellite time, and how to collaborate with international partners.
He hopes those lessons will help GIIPSY realize its potential. "It's a significant follow-on from RAMP that sort of builds on our experiences in managing resources, doing international collaboration, and trying to do some interesting science," Jezek said.
Its goals include taking snapshots of rapidly changing ice sheets and glaciers, areas of high-latitude snow cover that serve as major sources of fresh water, and spatial distribution of permafrost. The imagery will help scientists understand everything from ice dynamics to how permafrost responds to climate change.
"If we use everybody's satellites, we have a chance to go from the pole to the coast," Jezek also noted.
Routine, good high-resolution imagery of Antarctica doesn't really exist between about 80 degrees and 90 degrees South latitude because the orbits of previous satellites used for these types of missions didn't include those areas. Even the most recently created satellite image of the continent, the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA), had to fill in the gap between 82.5 degrees and the pole with lower resolution data.
Jezek said the GIIPSY effort will also provide important data on Arctic sea ice, which many scientists believe will entirely disappear in the summer in the not-to-distant future.
"There hasn't been a good, internationally coordinated effort to map the dynamics of Arctic sea ice, even though it's recognized as a major science problem," he said.


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In the trenchesResearch may yield more compact antennas for military use
Researchers say that the tall, bulky antennas the U.S. military uses could be scrapped for low-profile, broadband antennas — thanks to a different approach to antenna design that replaces large dipole antennas with a more compact and conformal multi-mode radiator
Tall, bulky antennas may seem like relics in an era of sleek, modern smartphones, but they are still a necessity for American soldiers.
"One of the problems that many military communications systems have is that they use low frequencies — anywhere from 2 MHz to below 1 GHz," says Nader Behdad, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. "As a result, very often you see huge antennas sticking off of their vehicles."
A University of Wisconsin-Madison release reports that Behdad thinks that those enormous antennas could be scrapped for low-profile, broadband antennas — thanks to a different approach to antenna design that replaces large dipole antennas with a more compact and conformal multi-mode radiator.
The Office of Naval Research agreed, giving Behdad a three-year, $510,000 research award through its young-investigator program, allowing him to develop the next generation of antennas for its vehicles.
With traditional dipole antennas, the lower the operating frequency of an antenna, the larger it needs to be.
The release notes that rather than fighting the laws of physics and trying to lower the operating frequency of a single antenna, Behdad's concept involves tuning multiple parts of the same antenna structure to radiate at different frequencies, using synthetic "metamaterials" to shape their radiation patterns so that they won't interfere with one another. Composed of metals, dielectrics, and other materials, metamaterials react to electromagnetic waves differently, based on their index of refraction, making it possible to manipulate two competing radiation patterns and make them work in tandem within one antenna.
Behdad estimates that an antenna with dimensions of 20-by-20-by-3 centimeters could operate anywhere between 200MHz and 40GHz in a design that could be flush with the vehicle's surface. That combination of small size and a wide band of available frequencies makes Behdad's antenna design ideal for future military communications platforms, which will involve small and large devices operating over a wide range of frequencies.
The implications for the military, however, are even more important than preparing for a more connected future: Eliminating the large antennas from their communications equipment could also make U.S. soldiers safer.
"If you have something like a huge antenna sticking out of a soldier, it paints a pretty big target on them as they walk in the street," says Behdad.
Despite its very specific end goal, Behdad's project has much broader commercial implications. "Any wireless application that uses different, widely varying frequency bands could potentially benefit from this technology," he says.
Ultra-wideband wireless technology — which could power the next generation of wireless video and data connections for personal computers — could benefit greatly from the technology, as could telecommunications companies that will be looking for ways to best use the low-frequency bands that were vacated in the changeover to digital television.
Giving up those tiny, sleek smartphones for bulky UWB antennas is not especially palatable for consumers, and Behdad's antenna concept could be the answer to a coming design problem in the cellphone industry. "
"If you want to have a cell phone that works in these frequencies of 600 MHz or 300MHz, having compact antennas that are broadband would be useful," he says.


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2. Creator (M)¶
2.1. DC Field¶
2.3. Usage Instruction¶
Examples of a Creator include a person, an organization, or a service. If necessary, repeat this element for multiple authors.
Use inverted name, so the syntax will be the following: "surname", "initials" ("first name") "prefix". For example Jan Hubert de Smit becomes
Smit, J.H. (John) de
Within the scope of unqualified DC it is recommended to use a standardised writing style for names, use the writing style used by the publisher when this is available. When that is not available use the encoding of the APA bibliographic writing style as in a reference list when applicable. (outside the scope of Unqualified DC more precise and granular formatting methods are available.)
When initials and first name are both available use this formatting:
Janssen, J. (John)
Generational suffixes (Jr., Sr., etc.) should follow the surname. When in doubt, give the name as it appears, and do not invert. Omit titles (like "Dr"). For example: "Dr. John H. de Smit Jr." becomes
Smit Jr., J.H. (John) de
In the case of an organization name which clearly includes an organizational hierarchy, list the parts of the hierarchy from largest to smallest, separated by full stops.
Utrecht University. Department of Computer Sciences
If it is not clear whether there is a hierarchy present, or unclear which is the larger or smaller portion of the body, give the name as it appears in the resource. Only encode organisations in this element to indicate corporate authorship, not to indicate the affiliation of an individual.
The inclusion of personal and corporate name headings from authority lists constructed according to local or national thesaurus files is optional.
It is recommended to encode thesauri with an URI, for service providers to recognise the thesaurus schema. For example:
In cases of lesser responsibility, other than authorship, use
dc:contributor. If the nature of the responsibility is ambiguous, recommended best practice is to use
dc:publisher for organizations, and
dc:creator for individuals.
DRIVER Guidelines v2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Evans, R.J. Walker Jnr., John International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium Loughborough University. Department of Computer Science

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Tired of tying up presses and personnel as you try to emulate the output of your printing equipment? Discover some powerful methods you can use to improve color matching with any CMYK inkset, substrate, or line count on any printing device.
By Mike Ruff
G7, which should not be confused with GRACoL 7, is an innovative calibration methodology developed to modernize and improve the latest versions of GRACoL and SWOP (Specifications for Web Offset Publications). IDEAlliance promotes the G7 method as a constant component of all future print specifications, and the group offers it openly for adoption by all standards associations for all types of imaging or media, worldwide. The main purpose of G7 is to simplify the calibration of any printing device, such as a prepress proofing system or a commercial press, to the IS0 12647-2 printing standard. The -2 at the end of the specification designates litho, but G7 can be applied to any type of printing technology that uses a CMYK color space, regardless of which inks are used or how the ink is put on paper. It even applies to digital output. Digital output desperately needs help with standards.
A common misunderstanding is that G7 is an official standard. G7 is not a standard. It's a specification of a calibration methodology designed to attain the grayscale appearance implied in the ISO 12647-2 standard while bypassing the ambiguous and visually inconsistent TVI (dot gain) definitions in the current standard document that relates to different line counts and paper grades. G7 adjusts the device via typical CMYK RIP curves, or other device-calibration utilities, to match a pre-defined NPDC and gray balance. G7 assumes the use of ISO-standard inks, for which precise L*a*b* values are defined in ISO 12647-2, but even if a device were to use non-ISO inks (different hues), G7 calibration would give it the same natural grayscale appearance as all other G7 devices (Figure 2).
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What are the uses for SV_POSITION in the pixel shader? Previously this was the POSITION semantic and it wasn't readable in the pixel shader, but now that it is, what can it be used for?
In an SM2 deferred renderer, you'd typically take the texture coordinates, transform them to the [-1, 1] range and then use an inverse view/position matrix to get the world position of a pixel. Would SV_POSITION be usable here to reduce any of the calculations? And if so, how would you do that?
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1 Answer 1
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SV_Position in the pixel shader gives you the the center point of the pixel being shaded, in a [0, bufferWidth] x [0, bufferHeight] range. (It can also be used in centroid mode with MSAA to get the centroid of the covered samples.) This value can be passed directly to Texture2D.Load to retrieve the corresponding pixel from a texture the same size as the screen. So it may not be necessary to pass screen-space UVs in an interpolator, for things like the G-buffer in deferred shading.
For reconstructing the world space position you would still need to load from the depth buffer, convert it to linear depth and combine that with the screen-space position. SV_Position wouldn't really help you with that part. (FYI, you don't need to do a full matrix multiply in the pixel shader, though; you can do most of the math in the vertex shader and reduce the pixel shader part to linear depth * an interpolated vector + camera position.)
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Alright so, not so useful in this case. I am curious about that optimization though, could you explain more about it or do you have a link showing how to do it? (Im not very good at matrix math) – Telanor Jun 14 '12 at 2:45
_USER_ The idea is to do the inverse view matrix multiply in the vertex shader, assuming a depth of 1.0 in world units, and with no translation. That gives you a vector which you then interpolate and multiply by the actual linear depth in the pixel shader, and add to the camera position. – Nathan Reed Jun 14 '12 at 3:44
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HaltingIdleMsecPenalty Parameter: Guidance for Modifying vSphere's Fairness/Throughput Balance (_PHONE_)
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ESX provides fine-grained CPU scheduling that, among other things, enforces resource settings like CPU reservations, limits, and shares. Based on those settings, the scheduler determines if a VM has fallen behind in the amount of CPU time it should have received. Should the VM indeed be behind, attempts are made to help it catch up, usually by scheduling it more frequently.
If the processor has hyper-threading, however, scheduling more frequently does not guarantee that the VM will catch up. This is because the amount of CPU resources received by the vCPU is affected by the activity on the other logical processor on the same physical core. To guarantee the vCPU that is behind can catch up, ESX will sometimes not schedule VMs on the other logical processor, effectively leaving it idle.
In the case of the Intel Xeon 5500 series (and other modern hyper-threaded) processors, not scheduling on a logical processor may have a measurable impact on the overall throughput of the system. As a result, in systems that:
 - have more than 50% CPU utilization, and
 - are very close to exactly committed (number of vCPUs = number of pCPUs +/- 25%), and
 - have particular kinds of bursty CPU usage patterns,
we have observed a throughput drop of up to 15% when this fairness algorithm takes effect.
Note: This issue does not affect ESXi 5.0.
A parameter called HaltingIdleMsecPenalty determines when this fairness algorithm should come into effect. When, across all vCPUs of the VM, the total amount of time by which a VM has fallen behind exceeds the value of this parameter (in milliseconds), the scheduler will attempt to catch up the VM using the method described above. Note that setting the parameter too high may decrease the accuracy of resource settings, especially CPU reservations and shares. Also note that in an overwhelming majority of circumstances, setting the parameter larger than the default has no performance impact.
Caution: HaltingIdleMsecPenalty is an advanced parameter and should only be changed under guidance from VMware Support or after thorough testing in the user's environment.
To set this parameter, use the following command on the ESX service console:
esxcfg-advcfg --set /Cpu/HaltingIdleMsecPenalty
For ESXi, use the following command on a Windows or Linux machine with vSphere CLI installed:
As of patch-set ESX400-201003001 to ESX 4.0 (available now on the VMware support website) and all versions of ESX going forward, a much larger maximum value of this parameter is allowed (up to 10,000 instead of the current 100). Larger values may make sense in environments where achieving maximal aggregated throughput is more important than fair sharing of CPU resources. Internal testing shows that values greater than 2,000 show little gain in total throughput.
Starting with ESX 4.0 U2, the meaning of this parameter changes slightly. Before it is used, it is multiplied by the number of virtual CPUs. After this operation, the value is capped by the new parameter HaltingIdleMsecPenaltyMax (maximum allowed value is 80,000). Both parameters may be set on the command line as shown above or changed in the vSphere Client (Host > Advanced Settings > CPU). The fairness check can be disabled entirely by setting HaltingIdleMsecPenalty to 0.
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be taken of and allowance made for two points. First, that the metal plate not only cuts off, but itself radiates; and secondly, that the duration of the induced currents radiated by the plates varies with each different metal under experiment.
This explains the fact before pointed out that the apparent percentage of inductive radiant energy intercepted by metal plates varies with the speed of the reversals; for in the case of copper the induced current set up by such a plate has so long a duration that if the speed of the reverser is at all rapid the induced current has not time to exhaust itself before the galvanometer is reversed, and thus the current being on the opposite side of the galvanometer tends to produce a lower deflection. If the speed of the reverser be further increased, the greater part of the induced current is received on the opposite terminal of the galvanometer, so that a negative result is obtained.
We know that it was the strong analogies which exist between electricity and magnet


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Presentation on theme: "Chapter Objectives Pricing Concepts CHAPTER 18 1 2 4 7 8 Outline the legal constraints on pricing. Identify the major categories of pricing objectives."— Presentation transcript:
Chapter Objectives Pricing Concepts CHAPTER Outline the legal constraints on pricing. Identify the major categories of pricing objectives. Explain price elasticity and its determinants. List the practical problems involved in applying price theory concepts to actual pricing decisions. Explain the major costplus approaches to price setting. List the chief advantages and shortcomings of using breakeven analysis in pricing decisions. Explain the use of yield management in pricing decisions. Identify the major pricing challenges facing online and international marketers
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICING AND THE LAW Robinson-Patman Act Unfair-trade laws Fair-trade laws
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICING OBJECTIVES AND THE MARKETING MIX
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICING OBJECTIVES OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Difference from for profits?
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts METHODS FOR DETERMINING PRICES Prices traditionally determined in two basic ways: Supply and demand. Cost-oriented analyses. Customary prices Traditional prices that customers expect to pay for certain goods and services.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICE DETERMINATION IN ECONOMIC THEORY
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts COST AND REVENUE CURVES Product's total cost = ___________ + _____________ Variable costs change with the level of production. Include ___________ and ___________ Fixed costs remain stable at any ________ level within a certain range. Marginal cost = ______. Average total costs = ( _______ + ______ ) ÷ ______ Determining Price by Relating Marginal Revenue to Marginal Cost
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts Price that brings highest profit
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts THE CONCEPT OF ELASTICITY IN PRICING STRATEGY Elasticity Elasticity determined by … Demand often shows less elasticity in the short run than in the long run. Elasticity has a strong influence on revenue. PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF PRICE THEORY Many firms do not attempt to ________ profits. Demand curves are difficult to _________.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICE DETERMINATION IN PRACTICE Cost-plus pricing— Full-cost pricing— Incremental-cost pricing— Breakeven analysis
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts
THE MODIFIED BREAKEVEN CONCEPT Modifications that account for demand are necessary for effective pricing. Demand considerations include: Degree of price elasticity. Consumer price expectations. Existence and size of specific market segments. Buyer perceptions of strengths and weaknesses of substitute products. Modified breakeven analysis Pricing technique used to evaluate consumer demand by comparing the number of products that must be sold at a variety of prices to cover total cost with estimates of expected sales at the various prices.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts
YIELD MANAGEMENT Yield management
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts GLOBAL ISSUES IN PRICE DETERMINATION Prices must support the company's broader goals. Firms use four domestic pricing strategies: Profitability—if company is a price leader. Volume—expose foreign markets to competition when trade barriers are lowered. Meeting competition—important in Europe where common currency has led to price convergence. Prestige—valid when products are associated with intangible benefits, such as high quality, exclusiveness, or attractive design. Also often have a fifth objective: price stability.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICING AND THE LAW Federal, state, and local laws all influence pricing decisions. Tariffs levied on imported goods and services can help firms protect local markets. Government regulation also imposes costs that affect prices. Robinson-Patman Act Federal legislation prohibiting price discrimination that is not based on a cost differential; also prohibits selling at an unreasonably low price to eliminate competition. Unfair-trade laws State laws requiring sellers to maintain minimum prices for comparable merchandise. Fair-trade laws Statutes enacted in most states that once permitted manufacturers to stipulate a minimum retail price for their product. Fair-trade laws eventually invalidated by the 1975 Consumer Goods Pricing Act.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts Profit maximization Point at which the additional revenue gained by increasing the price of a product equals the increase in total costs. Target-return objective Short-run or long-run pricing objectives of achieving a specified return on either sales or investment. Profit Impact of Market Studies (PIMS) project Research that discovered a strong positive relationship between a firm's market share and product quality and its return on investment. Value pricing Pricing strategy emphasizing benefits derived from a product in comparison to the price and quality levels of competing offerings. PRESTIGE OBJECTIVES Establishing a relatively high price to develop and maintain an image of quality and exclusiveness that appeals to statusconscious consumers.
CHAPTER 18 Pricing Concepts PRICING OBJECTIVES OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pricing strategy helps them achieve specific goals: Profit maximization. Cost recovery. Market incentives that encourage increased usage. Market suppression that discourages the use of certain products, such as taxes that raise the price of tobacco products.


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This series of posts by Alan Corbiere initially appeared on ActiveHistory.ca during the autumn and winter of 2014/15.
- More than Tecumseh and his Indians (September)
- Mookomaanish: The Damn Knife (Odaawaa Chief and Warrior) (October)
- Jean Baptiste Assiginack: The Starling aka Blackbird
- Spoils of the War of 1812: Part I: The Importance of Michilimackinac (January)
- Spoils of the War of 1812: Part II: British Honour (February)
- Spoils of the War of 1812: Part III: Anishinaabe Aspirations (March)


Lesson 6: Rent & Language
In lesson six, we will examine the impact of language on Interpersonal Communication. You will need to be familiar with:
 - Convergence and divergence
 - Impact of language choice
 - Language of responsibility
 - Use of "you" language
You can learn more about these concepts in Interplay. Read through the information, be familiar with these concepts, then watch episode 105 of Outlander on Starz, or read chapters 11 and 12 of Outlander (or both!). You may even want to make notes about the concepts and how they are depicted in the episode.
 1. How does the use of Scottish Gaelic affect Claire? How is it used to exclude her from the rent party? How is it used to protect her?
 2. What impact does language have in the episode, particularly with naming and identity, affiliation, power and politeness, racism and sexism, and the language of responsibility?
 3. How does the use of "you" language affect the situation and episode?
Thank you for participating!
Our next lesson: The Garrison Commander & Nonverbal Communication
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Leadership in Focus: Are Our Senior Soldiers Capable of Occupying the Rear Rank?
By Jason Moriarty May 13, 2019
In this article I will examine how our Senior Non-Commissioned Officers (NCO) and Warrant Officers (WO) should reflect on the capability; fitness, endurance, character and resilience required to occupy the rear rank. I will use the Roman Legion as a historical testament to how these expectations and attributes have been forged in our senior soldiers. Moreover, I will focus on the Roman Legion Triarii as the equivalent of the modern Senior NCO and WO.
I will argue in support of the United States (US) Army policy of 'can't run, can't lead', and discuss whether this policy has value and merit in the Australian Army.
Lastly, I will view leadership through the prism of the Triarii and delineate the difference between leadership characteristics and principles.
Origin of the rear rank
Whilst in parade formation, Australian Army Senior NCO and WO occupy the rear rank, colloquially called the Cerefile. It is thought that this tradition can be traced back to the Roman Legion rear rank which was comprised of their most senior soldiers, otherwise known as the Triarii.
The Roman Legion is a term that can encapsulate all of Rome's armed forces, and their dominance spanned 2 millenium. As their fighting supremacy evolved, there were notable changes in their application of weapons, tactics, composition and organisational structure; leading to a core of traditions and military expectations that have stood the test of time.
Not only were the Triarii the oldest and most experienced, they were also the most heavily armed. They were used in many tactical formations over time, but are famously notarised in the saying, 'It has come to the Triarii', as they were generally the absolute last line of defence if the forward lines were broken.
The Triarii stabilised the line and ensured the Manipulus (120 men) did not lose momentum; as well they prevented soldiers from withdrawing in pressure situations. The strength of the Manipulus was only as strong as its rear rank - these senior soldiers were the hard shoulder when chaos and fear in conflict reigned. Junior soldiers relied on the Triarii for mentorship, wisdom and instruction. Similarly, the Triarii often counselled officers on matters relating to tactics and training. The Roman Legion required every soldier to be physically and mentally strong, regardless of age or seniority. This standard of strength and fitness was often perceived as the crux of success.
How do our modern senior soldiers compare to the Roman Triarii? Do we have the fitness, stoicism, knowledge and endurance to hold our own in a modern setting?
Authentic leaders reflect their beliefs. There is consistency between their values, ethical reasoning and their actions. They also consciously and actively develop positive traits such as confidence, optimism, hope and resilience in themselves and in others. They stand steadfast: they are the last line.
The Australian Army actively seeks people of good character to fill its ranks. The question is, to what degree has it succeeded? Does the character of the Triarii exist in our Army? What characteristics do the modern senior NCO and WO need to demonstrate in order to reflect the expectation of strong, dependable leadership? On a personal level, three characteristics stand out for me: courage, resilience and self-discipline.
Courage is having the conviction to do what is needed and expected of you, not just as a senior leader but as a soldier. A leader must be driven by an internal energy and deep commitment to do ones best, to achieve what is needed to succeed.
Senior soldiers use this energy and commitment to bring about change—even in the face of resistance; to do better; to do what must be done. They have the resilience to embrace change, to learn from failure and become better leaders. The modern day Triarii must be mentally and physically fit (strong), and be able to absorb internal and external pressures that leadership roles create. The senior NCO and WO rank demand the ability to remain stoic in the face of adversity, to become the pillar of strength for both junior and senior soldiers alike.
Finally, good leaders need the self-discipline and maturity to apply what is needed to be successful, to wake up early and do rigorous physical activity, to set standards and to resist the easy path so that they can inspire courage and resilience in others.
Although there are many characteristics that make a good leader, I believe these three are key to achieving success and establishing standards that encourage good followership.
Capabilities of the Senior NCO and WO
The Triarii were physically and mentally robust; they had to be to withstand the long marches, the environment and, most of the time, a formidable enemy. Roman Legion commanders enforced and demanded high standards from their senior leadership. This required officers and Triarii alike to encapsulate the very essence of the profession of arms: to lead by example, to set the standard and to embody the attributes of a soldier so that junior soldiers could emulate. I challenge you to reflect on this as you absorb the 'can't run, can't lead' policy noted below.
US 'can't run, can't lead' policy
The US policy of 'can't run, can't lead' is difficult to find in black and white, but is widely accepted as such in the US military. I took the opportunity whilst on operations in a coalition environment to ask several American Command Sergeant Majors their interpretation. Broadly, if you aspire to be a Command Sergeant Major, you cannot have a physical restriction (permanent) and must be able to complete the basic fitness test without limitations. A permanent restriction would mean you could not lead.
The Command Sergeant Majors I spoke to, support the policy, but agree there are some minor issues in the execution; However, the intent and direction is spot on. The Command Sergeant Majors I spoke to were all in-shape and fit the stereotypical look of a senior enlisted soldier within the US Army.
Implementation of such a policy in the Australian Army would no doubt be difficult. Could it be done? Should it? Is there an appetite for such a policy? I think with some modifications it could be implemented. I certainly believe it would resonate positively with soldiers and Junior NCO who expect their senior leadership to lead by example. At the very least, I believe it should be a discriminating factor when reviewing annual performance.
Principles of leadership behaviour
Australian Army Leadership doctrine dictates 10 principles of leadership:
 1. Be proficient
 2. Know yourself and seek self-improvement
 3. Seek and accept responsibility
 4. Lead by example
 5. Provide direction
 6. Know and care for your subordinates
 7. Develop the potential of your subordinates
 8. Make sound and timely decisions
 9. Build the team and challenge its abilities
 10. Keep your team informed.
Annex B to chapter 1, Land Warfare Doctrine 0-2, Leadership
These principles are a guide and should not be confused with leadership characteristics. The 'Civilian' equivalent is unsurprisingly very similar. In one well-regarded version, they are as follows:
 1. Know yourself and seek self-improvement
 2. Be technically proficient
 3. Seek and take responsibility
 4. Make sound decisions
 5. Set the example
 6. Know your people
 7. Keep people informed, provide direction
 8. be Accountable
 9. Supervise; and
 10. Train and develop your people
Instant Team Building - by: Brad Sugars
So…which of these military/civilian principles is the most relevant and/or important to the contemporary Senior NCO and WO? Admittedly, as I pondered this idea, I rocked back in my chair and processed the list. Forced to evaluate my own leadership principles, I contemplated examples of when I demonstrated these—behaving as I thought one ought —could I put a value on each one? I suspect you might be doing the same.
What did you come up with? Some principles resonate more with me than others, like: lead by example, develop the potential of your subordinates, know and care for your subordinates (does not mean making popular decisions) and be proficient. However, like me, I think you would agree we must demonstrate all of them. These 10 principles are the pillars of good leadership and are universally accepted. They are as relevant today as they would have been when the Triarii stood stoically in the rear rank centuries ago.
These principles go a long way to ensuring senior soldiers are worthy of the honour befallen to them by replicating the legacy forged by the Roman Triarii. As I mentioned earlier, these do not necessarily form the character of a leader, but as you would have gathered, they are closely aligned.
Australians have high expectations of our soldiers. Soldiers deserve Senior NCO and WO that are the best representation of these expectations. Further, it is assumed that whilst deployed on operations, everyone is able to fight (fire and move) without being a liability, requiring both physical and mental resilience. Who best to set this example; to display the will to win; to show the exemplar of what 'right' looks like.
Like the Triarii, our Senior NCO and WO should be the last line of defence, the steadfast and true leader who holds the team together when chaos might otherwise reign. This means they must be mentally and physically fit; they should personify principles of leadership, and demonstrate a dedication


text:
Decision Support Systems Glossary
by D. J. Power
- A person, place, thing, or concept that has characteristics of interest to an environment. In terms of an object-oriented system, an object is an entity that combines descriptions of data and behavior.
- On-line Analytical Processing (OLAP)
- OLAP is software for manipulating multidimensional data from a variety of sources that has been stored in a data warehouse. The software can create various views and representations of the data. OLAP software provides fast, consistent, interactive access to shared, multidimensional data. Check the Guide to OLAP Terminology from the OLAP Council.
- Operational or Transaction Database
- The database-of-record for a transaction-update system. The operational database is the source of data for the data warehouse. It contains detailed data used to run the day-to-day operations of the business. The data continually changes as updates are made, and reflect the current value of the last transaction.
- The decision strategy of choosing the alternative that gives the best or optimal overall value.
- Organizational DSS
- A Multi-Participant DSS designed to support a decision maker in a setting that has a more elaborate infrastructure than a group (i.e., involving specialized roles, restricted communication patterns, differing authority levels). See enterprise-wide DSS.


text:
Because of the amount of information that needs to be processed for each student, rostering more than 80 students in a single class or more than 500 students in a single account will lead to issues with your teacher account, such as:
- Delays in displaying the student roster
- Issues loading some pages, such as the Teacher Dashboard, which may effect accessing reporting and assignment features.
Here's an example of what you might see if your account has more than the recommended number of rostered students in a class or in your teacher account:
Once you have exceeded the recommended limit of rostered students, a warning banner will appear at the top of the Teacher Dashboard, stating: Some features might load slowly, or be disabled when you have over 100 students in a class or over 1,000 students.
If you start having trouble with your student roster or with loading pages in your Teacher Dashboard and the warning banner has appeared in your Teacher Dashboard, the best solution is to un-roster as many students as you can. It's essential that the number of rostered students remains under 80 students per class and under 500 total students per teacher account.
If you must coach or need data on more than 80 students per class or 500 students total, we recommend that you create multiple Khan Academy accounts to host different classes and prevent running into this issue.


Recent ActivityRecent Activity
Bring Packaging Value – Look Beyond Your Machine
As a packaging OEM, how can you solve your customer's challenges by putting technology second?
Packaging OEMs can be quick to adopt the latest smart machine technology to meet the needs of their customers.
But the rush to implement technology as an overarching solution isn't the answer.
Smart machines are not a one-size-fits-all solution that provide the same value to every user. End users have specific business challenges that require tailored solutions.
To fully understand a customer's unique needs and propose the most cost-effective and efficient fix, OEMs must look at the broader picture and ask, what is the root of my customer's problem?
Start with a conversation.
I recently spoke with a specialized inspection OEM in the beverage industry that solved a long-standing issue by implementing a few simple sensors instead of a large-scale solution.
This was possible because the OEM looked beyond their machine and its traditional scope.
After filling and capping, an inspection machine checks for fill level and proper cap placement. If there is any issue, the faulty bottle is kicked off the line.
Employees on-site could detect an increase in the number of rejected bottles but were unable to identify which fill station or turret was causing the anomalies.
After a discussion with their customer, the OEM realized that by adding sensors into the upstream equipment, their machine can leverage the inspection data already available to provide actionable intelligence to the on-site employees for addressing issues outside of the specific equipment they supplied.
By looking beyond their machine, the OEM could provide differentiated value by saving their customer significant time and money related to troubleshooting and maintaining upstream equipment.
In this case, the answer wasn't installing a new smart packaging machine to do the job.
It was fixable with a simpler solution that was identified because both parties understood the challenge first. Only then did they identify what technology best suited the company to meet that challenge.
It all starts with knowing what your customers are up against. End users today are primarily facing four main challenges:
 - Workforce skills gap
 - Increasing competition
 - Changing risk patterns, including data safety and network security
 - Asset utilization and productivity
For many packaging OEMs, this will mean looking outside of their traditional scope and beyond their own machines.
OEMs that can do this will be of greater value to their end users because they can supplement current solutions and provide new, smarter technologies when necessary.
For example, another OEM I work with wanted to become more differentiated in the marketplace and offer different services.
But they needed to justify the cost of machine performance services to their end users. Through conversations with one of their customers, the OEM discovered that the end user was facing challenges in maintaining and expanding their workforce.
With that in mind, the OEM designed a new offering around providing an inspection service that the end user did not have the resources for internally.
To show the service's ROI, the OEM measures the performance of the machine preand post-inspection.
By monitoring this performance remotely, the OEM could put a real number behind the value of their service, and their customer had additional justification to continue and expand the service.
As you step back and begin to understand your customer's business, you'll find that by starting with a conversation rather than relying solely on technology, you can better serve your customers.
To learn more about the latest trends in the packaging industry, check out this eBook.
Steve Mulder
Steve Mulder
Packaging Segment Lead, Rockwell Automation
Recommended For You


text:
NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partner university faculty. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Wednesday, June 19, 2013
hello, i am intrested to know how a person's age is affected in sports?, as i am doing a natinal diploma in sports science it would be intresting to know. thanks
Aging changes do affect older adult sports capabilities. One in 10 men and 1 in 3 women loose bone density due to aging that may cause them to be more prone to fractures, sprains, and pain. Two out of 3 older adults do experience back trouble that causes pain and discomfort during activity, not just in sports. It just gets worse with aging as the risks for injury increases.
However, older runners are usually physically better off than the average person but need careful warmup and balance exercises as balance can be affected by aging. No reason for older people to avoid physical activity. Most injuries can be prevented or treated. Older people need to be active but not excessive in sports.
They can enjoy a variety of sports such as swimming, bicycling, golf, running, basketball, baseball, racquet ball, tennis and even climbing if it's not too high of an altitude. Some may be capable of playing these sports but football and other contact sports may be more risky as people age.
Many older people may experience rotator cuff, cervical neck, back, knee and hip problems from regular sports activity. Just need to adjust to the changes and tune into the differences so that injury can be reduced or avoided.
This information is general and does not apply to all older people. Really depends on the physical condition of the individual. Have any older adult consult his or her primary provider (physician, nurse practitioner, Physician Assistant) prior to undertaking sports or other physical activities.
You can find additional information on online or in professional literature such as medline, emedicine, etc.
Evelyn L Fitzwater, DSN, RN
Associate Professor Emerita
Associate Director of the
College of Nursing
University of Cincinnati


text:
This booklet, Five Steps to Smarter PR Campaigns, offers hands-on tips and advice on how to use a media intelligence platform to produce smart, data-driven PR campaigns. With the help of a PR solution it is possible to execute well-informed, customized PR campaigns on time and on budget, resulting in higher quantity and quality of media coverage.
- Monitor Intelligently to understand your industry's media environment
- Craft a Thoughtful PR Strategy to deliver the right message to the right audience
- Plan Media Relations Tactics to focus for efficient and effective outreach
- Engage Meaningfully to drive relevance and reach
- Measure What Matters to understand and present your PR campaign results
Download the guide now to learn how technology solution can help you maximize the quantity and quality of earned media coverage, while developing stronger media relations to deliver measurable business results.


text:
This may look like something captured with Instagram on the newest smartphone, but it's something a bit different indeed. It is the first photograph taken in Finland, ever. The photo dates back to the year 1842, and celebrated its 170th birthday last Saturday, November 3rd.
The photograph is a daguerreotype, one of the earliest photography techniques (check out the Wikipedia link for an interesting read). It was taken in Turku, which coincidentally also is Finland's oldest city, though obviously not the only city at the time. The photographer was Henrik Cajander, a doctor by trade who lived on the very street the photo was taken.
The building in the picture was called the Nobel house, and it was located on the corner of Uudenmaankatu 8 (map). The beautiful building had just been finished when the photo was taken. It was later, after several stages of re-modelling and renovations, demolished by the City of Turku in 1961.
As you can see the photo isn't exactly perfect, technically or aesthetically speaking, but it is a big part of the history in Finnish photography. Some might call the crooked composition an amateur mistake, but the photographer was, in the realest sense, an amateur at what he was doing.
As of right now, the city of Turku publicly displays a "life size enlargement" of the photograph above. It is located at the very spot where the building used to be.


What makes a sticky jingle?
January 8, 2019
Repetunitis, Melodymania, Song Stuck Syndrome, the Jukebox Virus…there are many names for the phenomenon, but the experience is practically universal: a piece of music repeats again, and again, and again…but only in your mind.
Repetunitis can strike anyone, anywhere, at any time!
Once, in 1986, I unwittingly listened to a jingle for the store Easy Pickins, never suspecting that it's "yeah-yeah-yeah" hook would live on in my mind FOREVER. Now, not a day goes by without a nod from this familiar stranger. What is going on up there??
Jingles are radio or tv advertising slogans set to a (hopefully) memorable melody. Jingles are written explicitly about a product. As long as the slogan is instantly catchy – and hard to forget there's almost no limit to what advertisers can say in a jingle.
In the early 1930s radio was enjoying a golden age, but there were strict advertising rules. Direct advertising during prime-time hours was prohibited, so advertisers started using a clever loophole — the jingle. Jingles could mention a company or product's name without explicitly selling that product.
A good jingle can do wonders for business — it can save a dying brand, introduce a new item to a broader audience and rejuvenate a product that has slipped from popularity. [Source: Faulkner]
So how does one go about inducing *ahem* Jingle Melodymania?
Experts agree, a song that typically "sticks" in the mind has a simple, upbeat melody, catchy, repetitive lyrics; and a surprise such as an extra beat or unusual rhythm. Top jingle-makers are song stylists adept at weaving together these crucial elements. For example, this simple, catchy tune for Wish Me caused the creative team at Hutton Miller to experience Song Stuck Syndrome weeks after the project's completion.
While this may explain the art of creating a sticky jingle, there is science involved as well. Psychologists and neurologists who study the effects of music on the brain have found that some pop songs contain earworms: pleasantly melodic, easy-to-remember "hooks" that have the attributes of a typical jingle. Earworms, also known by their German name*, "ohrwurm," are those tiny, 15- to 30-second pieces of music that you can't get out of your head no matter how hard you try.
Earworms!! Seriously? Yes: undetectable, undeniable, unforgettable little worms go into your ears and cause, wait for it: Brain Itch. I know. You are wondering to yourself, "Can this concept possibly get any more DRTV-esque?" I think we've peaked, but read on…
"Earworms," while not parasites, are parasitic in the sense that they get lodged in your head and cause a sort of "brain itch" — a need for the brain to fill in the gaps in a song's rhythm. When we listen to a song, it triggers a part of the brain called the auditory cortex. Researchers at Dartmouth University found that when they played part of a familiar song to research subjects, the participants' auditory cortex automatically filled in the rest — in other words, their brains kept "singing" long after the song had ended [source: Prokhorov].
So there you have it. Jingles at their peak are actually ear worms that cause brain itch in consumers suffering from the Jukebox Virus. (Don't you love science?)
In the event that advertisers using insidiously perfect jingles ARE Evil Geniuses, the question then arises: Are said advertisers indifferent to the mania their jingles may be causing? Perhaps this is like asking a potato chip manufacturer if he is indifferent to the compulsive way people get hooked on his salty crisps… "Ummmmm, I mean, crunch*crunch*crunch, crunch*crunch, kind of??"
*The reader's use of the term "ohrwurm" should be restricted to brain/sound conferences or when speaking German to avoid being perceived as pretentious and/or borderline insane.
 Further Reading:
Top Ten Catchiest Commercial Jingles
How Commercial Jingles Work (Podcast)


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Online Workshop on Introduction to Micro-Learning & Video as Micro-Learning Content
Date: 31-May- 2021 (Monday)
Time: 9.00 am - 12.30pm
Venue: Zoom
 1. Associate Professor Dr Nilesh Kumar Mitra
 2. Mr Hasnain Zafar Baloch
 3. Mr Muhammad Aswandi Bin Aminuddin
 4. Ms Fareeza Marican Bt Abu Backer
Workshop Overview:-
The workshop will create clarity among IMU staff about microlearning and guide them to us this methodology to enhance student learning experience. Workshop will explore different design concepts and tools to develop interactive content for microlearning.
Learning Outcomes:-
 1. Define microlearning and its scope and differentiate it from micro credential
 2. Explain how to Identify microlearning content from topic learning outcomes
 3. List types of microlearning content that can be used for teaching and learning
 4. Plan when and how to deliver microlearning content for F2F, Blended and ODL learning method
 5. Explain type of microlearning video and appropriate tool to use to develop the video
 6. Identify appropriate topic based on LO to covert to microlearning video
 7. Develop storyboard for video as an interactive microlearning learning object
 8. Hand on session


crayfishInternal Anatomy of the Crayfish
Directions: Follow the directions step-by-step, locating each of the structures in the order they appear in the directions. You may want to review or reference terms you don't remember (It is expected that you know the terms: cephalothorax, thorax, rostrum, and dorsal before you start this dissection). You may use your book diagrams to help you locate the organs. *Check the box next to the number when you have completed that step.
1. Place the specimen in the dissecting tray dorsal side up.checkbox
2. Carefully insert the point of the scissors under the top of the carapace (shell) at the back of the cephalothorax and cut up the middle to the rostrum. checkbox
3. Cut acrss the carapace just back behind the eyes and remove the two pieces of the carapace. checkbox
4. Note the exposed gills. (Feathery like structures just under the carapace you just remove.) checkbox
5. Remove the exposed gills and legs attached to the thorax. Carefully separate the dorsal layer of muscles in the thorax and note the light colored heart just underneath. checkbox
6. Remove the heart. The two light colored masses extending on each side of the body into the head are the digestive glands. (The heart is located just posterior to these.) checkbox
7. Between the digestive glands, you will find the small pair of white reproductive organs and cuts in the male animal. If your specimen is female, you will probably see a large mass of dark colored eggs. checkbox
8. To locate the intestine, insert the point of the cissors under the dorsal side of the shell of the abdomen and cut back to the telson. Spread the shell, and the intestine will be found as a tube on the tops side of the muscles of the abdomen. checkbox
9. Trace it forward to the point where the intestine joins the large, thin walled stomach in the front part of the cephalothorax. checkbox
10. Now, remove all the organs in the thorax by cutting the short esophagus below the stomach and the bands of muscle holding the stomach just back of the eyes. You should be able to lift out most of the internal organs in one piece. checkbox
11. Clean out the remaining tissue in the head so that the green glands (kidneys) are exposed. checkbox
12. In the front part of the head cavity, between the eyes, not the small mass of white tissue, the brain. checkbox
13. Trace the nerves that go from the brain to the antennae and eyes. checkbox
14. Cut the hard tissue on the flore of the thorax with your scalpel so that you can follow the ventral nerve cord back from the brain to the abdomen. checkbox
15. Spread the shell of the abdomen apart and pull out the large muscle. (This is the part of the body eatern in shrimp and lobsters.) checkbox
16. Note the nerve cord that is now exposed on the floor of the abdomen. The enlargements of the nerve cord in each segment of the abdomen are the ganglia. checkbox
Label as many structures as you can on the picture.


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Does my Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV) have a problem? Do you have condensation in your windows?
No, your HRV is not the problem.
An HRV is an effective, energy-efficient and healthy method of managing moisture in your home in the winter, but your HRV does not remove condensation from your windows, it removes excess moisture in the air.
If condensation forms in your windows, it is because the temperature of the surface of the window is lower than the dew point of the surrounding air. There may be several reasons why the window temperature is below the dew point of the air such as poor window quality or too high a dew point.
The condensation in your windows is the same as the condensation that forms on a cold beverage can on a hot, humid summer day. The surface temperature of the can is lower than the dew point of the air outside.
The dew point of the air depends on the amount of water vapour in the air. The higher the relative humidity, the higher the dew point and the more condensation will occur at high temperatures. For example, air at 21°C and 40% relative humidity has a dew point of 8°C.
All surfaces with a temperature of 8°C or less, such as a window, will become covered by a layer of water droplets.
To eliminate condensation in windows, there are two solutions.
- Lower the dew point of the surrounding air, or
- Increase the temperature of the window surface
To lower the dew point
Your HRV is the perfect appliance for lowering the dew point of the air when it is cold outside. Your HRV will evacuate moist, stale air from your home and replace it with fresh, dry air from outside, lowering the dew point. Why is the air outside dryer? Because cold air holds less water vapour than warm air. When cold air is heated, first through the HRV and then through the home's heating system, the relative humidity drops.
There are other technologies that can also lower the dew point of your home, for example, a dehumidifier. However, a dehumidifier does not supply any fresh, filtered air.
Increase the temperature of the window surface
The only other possible solution to eliminate condensation in the windows is to increase the temperature of the inner surface of your windows.
Window panes are exposed to very large temperature differentials in the winter. Some windows are better than others at preventing heat loss through transmission. For example a single pane will have almost the same temperature on the inside surface as the outside surface, whereas triple pane windows with air gaps will provide more insulation and significantly reduce heat loss, meaning the inside surface temperature will be closer to the room temperature.
The most effective method for increasing the temperature of the inner window surface is to promote air flow across it. Window treatments, such as curtains or blinds, create "microclimates" near the window and lower the surface temperature, which helps to form condensation.
To promote air circulation near windows, you can:
- Open the curtains and raise the blinds
- Use a fan to blow air toward the windows
- Place a heat source under the window
If your windows are very old and need to be replaced, energy efficient windows (such as triple-pane) will also help ensure the interior surface temperature of the window is higher. Regardless of the quality of the window, if a "microclimate" is created on the window surface due to a lack of air movement, there could still be some condensation, depending on the outdoor temperature and the indoor dew point.


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 Reacts to touch! light up eyes communicate how they feel!
 - Update! Pomsies Wave 2 with three additional Pomsies are in stores, now!
 Skyrocket's Pomsies are adorable, interactive, fashionable plush pets for kids to nurture, designed to travel with a child, either wrapped stylishly around a wrist or on a backpack. The pompom-inspired kitties have one mode for social play with friends, and another mode to encourage nurturing. When the Pomsie is happy, sleepy or hungry, it will let a child know by changing its eye color and making cute kitty sounds.
 Pomsies can help a young child develop nurturing skills. When the toy feels cared for over time, it even rewards its owner by developing rainbow-colored eyes.
 Many Pomsies to choose from!


Common nighthawk receives care from PROWLS
Common nighthawk
This beautiful bird, with Powell River Orphaned Wildlife Society founder and president Merrilee Prior, was lucky enough to be rescued from a cat's jaws.
With a chest puncture, the common nighthawk needed to be on a weeklong regime of antibiotics at Powell River Orphaned Wildlife Society, then it was flown to BC SPCA Wild Animal Rehabilitation Centre in Victoria for flight conditioning.
These are not hawks at all, but long-winged, short-legged high flyers called Nightjars.
Foraging for insects sometimes as high as 500 feet around dawn and dusk with their massive eyes and a beak that comprises the whole face, they are fascinating birds with unusual habits.
They migrate as far as central South America when they leave Powell River.
Their white, buff, grey and black feathers perfectly camouflage branches they lie lengthwise on, or the moss and twig ground they choose to sleep and lay their eggs on.
Common nighthawks will sleep or rest as much as 20 hours a day.
Looking like a piece of bark for 20 hours, you would never believe it could transform into a long-winged, graceful skydancer soaring in graceful loops high above us.
Unfortunately, their numbers are in sharp decline.


A 2018 PNAS study concludes that
Now "militarized police" can mean different things to different people, but a good number of countries, including some European ones, have a Gendarmerie, which according to Wikipedia's definition is a
a military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population.
Are there surveys in countries (besides the US) that have such a force finding a negative reaction among the population, and more precisely among the minorities, when the "Gendarmerie" (whatever it may be called in a given country) is deployed, over and above less "militarized" police?
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 In Austria, a popular view of Gendarmerie is this: In urban areas, the police is called Police. In rural areas, it's called Gendarmerie. Other than the name, there is little difference between them from an ordinary person's point of view. Gendarmerie does not appear more militarized than ordinary police. – user4370 Sep 3 '20 at 9:31
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 In countries that fell under Soviet yoke you will find such feelings still alive for non-theoretical reasons, as such forces were used as means of oppression by communist regimes. For example in Poland there was ZOMO _URL_ However you won't find much of surveys (because "everyone knows its true") and it was more or less targeted against majorities rather than minorities, so I am not sure if it would be fit for answer. – PTwr Sep 3 '20 at 9:33
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 The Gendarmerie are no more armed than the civilian Police. They are technically military, they are not "militarized". – OrangeDog Sep 3 '20 at 9:40
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 - 7
 The American political rhetoric is not about people with actual military positions doing police work; it is about ordinary police having access to military equipment and training. – Karl Knechtel Sep 4 '20 at 15:43
There is a lot of confusion regarding the French Gendarmerie, fueled by descriptions like "military police" or "military force with law enforcement duty" which are technically correct but do not fully reflect the nature and tactics of the force. Its members are indeed military officers, which has some legal consequences (trade unions are strictly forbidden, ranks are different) but it is otherwise a regular law enforcement agency, not an elite force or second level of response when the police cannot deal with a situation.
In general, the French Gendarmerie is policing rural areas and small towns when the national police (Police nationale) is in charge of big cities (and above all Paris, which the French government has long feared as the source of many revolts and disturbances). In its area of responsibility, the Gendarmerie covers the full scale of law enforcement activities, from policing traffic, securing road accident sites (a major role as they cover most of the long-distance road network) and response to emergency calls and disturbances (police secours) to criminal investigations and riot control.
French gendarmes are not issued and do not routinely carry military weapons (e.g. HK 416) but simply a handgun (Sig-Sauer SP 2022, procured through a common call-for-bids covering both police and Gendarmerie). Unlike the rest of the military, ranking members of the Gendarmerie have power-of-arrest (officier de police judiciaire) and are trained in criminal procedure. They will act at the behest of the justice system when appropriate (executing warrants, etc.) In this like in so many other aspects they are closer to the police than to the military.
Operationally, both the police and the Gendarmerie have SWAT teams (the GIGN and RAID are the most famous). It is extremely rare for the Gendarmerie SWAT team to be called in to intervene in the police area of responsibility and vice versa. Both the police and Gendarmerie have roughly the same number of riot control units (unité de force mobile: escadron de gendarmerie mobile in the Gendarmerie and compagnie républicaine de sécurité in the police), with similar tactics and organisation, deployed side-by-side depending on availability (especially in Paris). The Gendarmerie does have a few aging armored vehicles, seldom seen in metropolitan France but that's about the only difference when it comes to riot control.
The Gendarmerie has a few capabilities the police doesn't have but they are really marginal and not directly relevant to your question: mountain rescue, coast guard duties, security for air bases and nuclear sites, provost duties for the French military at home and abroad, deployment abroad to secure French military bases and diplomatic posts. The GIGN also has a long tradition of training and working with the special forces and has officers trained in military parachuting or assault at sea so that it is tasked with some counter-terrorism missions on the whole territory (i.e. even in the police area of responsibility). The police also has a few specific duties that are not shared with the Gendarmerie: investigation of terror attacks, border control and railway police, larger role in domestic intelligence.
All that is a long-winded way to say that the analogy in the question is not the right one. To the extent that there are debates on a "militarization" of law enforcement (and in France there are, for example regarding riot control tactics), it would not focus on Gendarmerie vs. police. If anything, the Gendarmerie has a more positive image in the public and a reputation of being less "heavy handed" than the police. With a few key exceptions (Rémi Fraisse and Adama Traoré), all cases of excessive violence and racism by law enforcement that have created controversy in France in the last decade involved the police, not the Gendarmerie.
Incidentally, while they do sometimes retain a different legal status and traditions, there are signs of a convergence between Gendarmerie and police in many European countries. In Austria or Belgium, the Gendarmerie was merged with the police. In France, it was transferred from the ministry of Defense to the ministry of the Interior.
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 In Germany, the Bundesgrenzschutz became the Bundespolizei decades ago, too. Their SWAT team is still called Border Guards Group 9 to keep the tradition. – o.m. Sep 2 '20 at 15:36
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 Almost the same in Spain with the Guardia Civil. They are mostly in charge of policing rural areas, borders and patrol national roads (and some specialist units), have a military-like structure, and can be used both for police tasks (the usual missions in Spain in peacetime, under the Ministry of Interior) and for military tasks (some foreign missions, or during war, under the Ministry of Defense). – SJuan76 Sep 2 '20 at 22:01
 - 3
 It seems that the French have a tradition of outsourcing public service to the military - Les Sapeurs-Pompiers (fire and rescue service) in Paris is also a brigade of the French Army.. – Oscar Bravo Sep 3 '20 at 8:48
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 _USER_ There are two of them in France: Paris and Marseile (in Marseille, they are not part of the Army but of the Navy). They were established at different times, each of them after a large fire that was seen to be mishandled by the municipal fire brigade. – Relaxed Sep 3 '20 at 8:51
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 _USER_.m. The Bundespolizei is not, and never was, a military force though – it's under the administration of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, and not of the Federal Ministry of Defense. So, it's not a "militarized police" in the sense used by the OP (members of the Bundesgrenzschutz did have combatant status, though). – Schmuddi Sep 4 '20 at 7:57
New Zealand
Background: Police in New Zealand do not typically carry firearms on their person, despite a longstanding stated desire from the police association to do so. Since 2012 pistols and semi-automatic rifles are stored in lock boxes in patrol cars, which may be accessed at the officer's discretion, but they must advise their command if they are going to do so. Typically when dealing with armed suspects the procedure is to call in the Armed Offenders Squad (AOS), who have extra training and equipment to contain a situation, after which the Special Tactics Group (with an even higher level of training, and consisting of officers selected from the AOS) is employed to resolve the situation. In exceptional circumstances district commanders have the authority to order all frontline officers to carry their firearms while on duty, as was done after the mass shooting at two mosques in 2019.
As a response to this mass shooting, and an alleged rise in use of firearms by criminals, a six-month trial of "Armed Response Teams" (ARTs) was instigated. This involved members of the Armed Offenders Squad patrolling full-time while armed. The trial ended after 6 months because they created fear in the community, according to the police themselves
Police Armed Response Teams set up after the Christchurch mosque attacks were dumped because they "created fear" in the community, new documents have


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An ORM is an Object Relational Mapping that defines the relationship between object oriented type definitions and relational tables or views in a database. This implementation is currently designed to apply specifically to a PostgreSQL database, but theoretically could be applied to any database for which an ORM API is defined to process these definitions. The xTuple ORM can be found on GitHub.
In the xTuple PostgreSQL implementation the installation of ORM files triggers views to be created whose structures and rules conform to the definition of the ORM. The ORMs use camel and class case conventions when referencing object attributes and snake case conventions when referencing database attributes. Because ORMs generates views, these views can in turn be referenced by other ORMs to manage a class hierachy. To determine the name of a view created by an ORM simply convert the name space qualified type of the object to a snake case schema and view name like so:
Object Name Datbase Name -------------- ---------------- XM.Contact xm.contact XM.ToDo xm.to_do XM.ToDoComment xm.to_do_comment
ORMs are specifically designed to be extensible so that a database table can be virtually expanded without changing the original table definition, while presenting the new data through the ORM API as though it were all one unit. This effectively ensures that "core" database definitions and custom or 3rd party data extensions are effectively encapuslated from one another. In addition ORMs can be activated and deactivated in the xt.orm table so extensions can be "turned off" at any time.
The initial ORM is referred to as the "base" ORM. Additional ORMs can be defined against the original base using the same name space and type but giving them a different context name and setting the isExtension flag to true. Typically the table on an ORM extension should reside in a different database schema where you would create a table with colums that contain data you want to "add" to a table in the original schema. The new table should contain a column relation to associate with the original (which may also be the primary key for it as well.) When you create an ORM extension the new table will be left joined on the original. Any inserts, updates or delete actions will propagate results to both the original and the new table automatically.
Extensions can be created as both completely independent ORM definitions or added to an extension array on a base or extension ORM.


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This is light, fast and simple to understand mathematical parser designed in one class, which receives as input a mathematical expression (System.String) and returns the output value (System.Double). For example, if you input string is "√(625)+25*(3/3)" then parser return double value — 50.
The idea was to create a string calculator from educational goals.
How it work
More look in the code, I tried to explain the work of the parser code in the comments and how it can be changed and extended.
Convert to RPN:
* Input operators are replaced by the corresponding token (its necessary to distinguish unary from binary).
Using the code
public static void Main()
MathParser parser = new MathParser();
string s1 = "pi+5*5+5*3-5*5-5*3+1E1";
string s2 = "sin(cos(tg(sh(ch(th(100))))))";
bool isRadians = false;
double d1 = parser.Parse(s1, isRadians);
double d2 = parser.Parse(s2, isRadians);
Console.WriteLine(d1); Console.WriteLine(d2); Console.ReadKey(true);
Ariphmetical operators :
- () — parenthesis;
- + — plus (a + b);
- - — minus (a - b);
- * — multiplycation symbol (a * b);
- / — divide symbol (a / b);
- ^ — degree symbol (a ^ b);
- √(), sqrt() — square root ( √(a) ).
- tg(x); //tan(x)
- ctg(x). //cotan(x)
- exp(x) or e^x — exponential function;
- ln(x), (a)log(b) — (natural) logarithm;
- abs(x) — absolute of a number.
- pi — 3._PHONE_...;
- e — 2.71828183....
Arguments of the trigonometric functions can be expressed as radians or degrees
example (as radians):
Work with any char decimal separator in real number (regional settings).
New operators, functions and constants can be easily added to the code.
This parser is very basic (special designed in 1 file such class), convenient for the further implementation, expansion and modification.
Points of Interest
I better understand the parsers and learned about the reverse-polish notation.
- 2012/05/09: released the source code (1_0);
- 2012/05/15: optimized and modified code (1_1);
- 2012/06/07: optimized parser (1_2);
- 2012/09/11: some refactoring in code, added unit tests (1_2a);
- 2012/12/02: improved code (1_2b).
- 2013/01/27: improved code (1_3)


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Limited Power of Attorney Ohio Form – Adobe PDF
Use the Ohio limited financial power of attorney document to grant powers to a specific monetary responsibility, decision, or objective to another person. The most common example is a property owner electing their attorney to handle a real estate transaction on their behalf. But the form may be used for anything as small as picking up standard mail to handling complicated banking or investment decisions on behalf of the principal.
- Form must be signed in front of a notary public or with at least two (2) witnesses present in order to be legal


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2. Circle/Whole Group: Show several large pictures of spiders (a library book may help) and discuss observations. Some spiders hunt for their food, some jump, some spin webs, and some dig trap holes! Are spiders insects? Why not? Let kiddos tell stories about spiders they've seen.
3. Song: The Spiders Go Crawling–follow the melody and format of The Ants Go Marching. For example, "The spiders go crawling one by one. Hurrah, Hurrah!…" Stand and act out the words.
4. Story: Anansi does the impossible! : an Ashanti tale retold by Verna Aardema. Before reading the story tell the kiddos that the story is about a very smart spider named Anansi. The story was first told by the Ashanti people. The Ashanti people love to tell stories about Anansi the spider. The Ashanti people live far away in Africa. (Show how far with a globe.) You would need to fly on an airplane all day to get to Africa. Let's pretend to visit the Ashanti people for this story.
Move chairs, or use pillows or anything else to represent an airplane, and fly to Africa. Give everyone brightly colored fabric, scarves, or clothes because the Ashanti wear bright clothes that the men weave.
Once everyone is "dressed" and situated, read the story. Ask the children what difficult things Anansi did. What difficult things have the children done? Act out the story.
5. Craft: Anansi Spiders! What color do you want your Anansi spider to be? Help the kiddos glue two small styrofoam balls together to make a spider. Spiders have eight legs. Thread four pieces of yarn through the body with a needle to form eight legs. Children can color the spider with paint or markers.
No foam balls? An alternative is to make the spider webs! Give each child a black plastic plate (or piece of construction paper) with slits cut around the edge. Let each child string a white piece of yarn through the slits in whatever pattern/arrangement they would like their spider web. You can even glue little spiders on if you like!
6. Learning Activity. Anansi Stories! Explain that the Ashanti tell many stories where Anansi does something smart or hard. Today we will write our own Anansi stories! This will be the children's first prompted writing project, so they may need a lot of help. Each child will need an empty "book." (Preparing the book: use a word processor to make a table with two columns and three rows that fills an 8 1/2″ x 11″ page. In the top right hand square, print: "My Anansi Story." Below that, print: "By ______.") Help each child cut out their book, layer the three rows on top of each other, fold them in half, and place two staples right next to the fold.
Begin writing by demonstrating the process. Make up a short Anansi Story. For example, One morning, Anansi wanted to play with his friend, Turtle. Turtle needed to water his flowers, but it took a long time because the flowers were down the path from the pond. Anansi wanted to help Turtle water faster. Anansi had an idea! Anansi and Turtle dug a path for the water to flow from the pond to the flowers. Turtle was done watering his flowers and could play with Anansi now! As you tell the story draw a simple picture on each page. Then show how you can go back and write in the words. Let the children take turns telling stories and drawing pictures. You can write in the words for them one at a time.
7. Snack: Spider Toast. Give each child a piece of toast with butter, 8 pretzels, and two raisins. Let them make and eat their own Spider Toast!
8. Learning Activity. Spider Bowls. Prepare small spider cards by printing a sheet of paper with 20-30 spiders and cutting them out in small squares or rectangles. Also print out number cards with numbers 1-10. Place three bowls on the table with a number card by each bowl (ie. 1, 3, and 5). Let the children work together to put the correct number of spiders in each bowl (ie. three spiders in the bowl with 3 by it). When the correct number is reached, cover the bowl (with a lid or paper or book). When all three bowls are filled correctly, empty them, change the numbers, and repeat the activity.
9. Freeplay outside. Send your "little spiders" out for some sunshine!
10. Circle to review and summarize day.
Supplies for the day:
chairs for "airplane"
bright colored cloth
Anansi does the impossible! : an Ashanti tale retold by Verna Aardema
paint or markers
If doing the alternative craft, replace italicized supplies with black plastic plates (or construction paper), white yarn, and scissors. Little spiders and glue are optional.
book pages for each child
crayons or colored pencils
little spider cards
number cards 1-10


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The spouse filing must have been a resident of Georgia for 6 months and file for divorce in the county of residence. However, a non-resident may file for divorce against a spouse who has been a resident of Georgia for 6 months. In such cases, the divorce must be filed for in the county in which the respondent spouse resides.
Legal Grounds for Divorce
No Fault Divorce:
- Irretrievable breakdown of the marriage. [Code of Georgia Annotated; 19-5-3].
General Divorce or Fault Based Divorce:
- Conviction of and imprisonment of over 2 years for an offense involving moral turpitude.
- Alcoholism and/or drug addiction.
- Confinement for incurable insanity.
- Separation caused by mental illness.
- Willful desertion.
- Cruel and inhuman treatment which endangers the life of the spouse.
- Habitual intemperance (drunkenness).
- Consent to marriage was obtained by fraud, duress, or force.
- Spouse lacked mental capacity to consent (including temporary incapacity resulting from drug or alcohol use).
- The wife was pregnant by another at the time of the marriage unknown to the husband.
Alimony/Spousal Support in Georgia:
Alimony in Georgia is authorized in limited situations and is not the broad remedy that it is in other states. Alimony in Georgia is either "rehabilitative" or "permanent". Alimony is money for support paid to a spouse by the other spouse. Alimony can be for a short or long period of time. Usually alimony is granted by the court only when a long term marriage ends. The other party must be able to pay alimony of the court is to award alimony to the other party. Alimony may also be grant short-term before a final divorce decree is awarded. The following factors are to be considered:
- The contribution of each spouse to the acquisition of the marital property, including the contribution of each spouse as homemaker, in childcare, education, and career-building of the other spouse.
- The duration of the marriage.
- The financial resources of each spouse.
- The age and physical and emotional condition of both spouses.
- The value of each spouse's separate property.
- The earning capacity of each spouse.
- Any fixed liabilities of either spouse.
- The standard of living established during the marriage.
- The time necessary for a spouse to acquire sufficient education to enable the spouse to find appropriate employment.
Child Custody in Georgia:
In Georgia both parents are equal when it comes to child custody arrangements. The court may award joint custody or sole custody. Georgia awards two types of custody: legal custody and physical custody.
Legal custody is the right to make major decisions regarding the child. With joint legal custody, both parents have equal rights and responsibilities to make major decisions concerning the child. One parent has final decision-making rights about medical, educational, extracurricular, and religious decisions.
Physical custody refers to which parent the child lives with. With joint physical custody, both parents share substantially equal time and contact with the child. In awarding joint custody, the court may order joint legal custody, joint physical custody, or both.
Joint or sole custody is granted, based upon the best interests of the child and a consideration of the following factors:
- The suitability of each parent as custodian.
- The psychological, emotional, and developmental needs of the child.
- The ability of the parents to communicate with each other.
- The prior and continuing care that the parents have given the child.
- Parental support for the other parent's relationship with the child.
- The wishes of the child (considering the child's age and maturity).
- The safety of the child.
- The geographic proximity of the parents.
- Any custodial agreements of the parents.
- Any history of domestic abuse.
There is a presumption against awarding joint custody in Georgia when there is a history of domestic abuse.
Child Support in Georgia:
Both parents are liable for the support of minor children. The court may award child support from either parent, based on their customary needs and the parents' ability to pay. There are no specific factors for consideration set out in the statute. However, there are official child support guidelines set out in the statute that are to be followed in all cases in which the parents are not able to reach an agreement. In such cases there are factors which will be followed in special circumstances. The special circumstances include:
- The age of the children.
- A child's medical costs or extraordinary needs.
- Educational costs
- Daycare costs.
- Shared physical custody arrangements.
- A parent's support obligations to another household.
- Hidden income of a parent.
- The income of the parent with custody.
- Contributions of the parents.
- Extreme economic circumstances.
- A parent's own extraordinary needs.
- Historic spending levels of the family.
- The cost of health and accident insurance coverage for the child.
- Any extraordinary visitation travel expenses.
Georgia is an "equitable distribution" state. Although each spouse would take out of the marriage his or her own separate property, all of the remaining property or "marital property" would be divided under a fair and equitable approach. The factors considered by the court in deciding how to equitably divide the property would include:
- Standard of living during marriage.
- Earning capacities of both parties.
- The education and vocational skills of both parties.
- Current income of both parties.
- Age and heath of the parties.
- Assets, debts, and liabilities of the parties.
- Needs of each of the parties.
- Provisions for the custody of the minor children.
- Each party's contribution to the acquisition of existing marital assets.
- Each party's enhancement of the value of existing marital assets.
- Whether either party has dissipated or diminished the value of the martial assets by wrongful conduct.
Disclaimer: The divorce law information provided is for informational purposes only not for legal advice purposes. This information is general in nature. Each jurisdiction has specific code and court procedures. A local divorce attorney is your best source for how divorce is treated in your jurisdiction. Before making any legal decisions we encourage you to consult with a local attorney…do not make decisions based on general state divorce law.


Gratitude: Counting Your Blessings _TAG_
Welcome to my letter G post In the _TAG_. Today I want to talk about gratitude. Making a habit out of noticing what you have, can be very helpful for your mental health. Like most other self-care activities, it may be hard to do when you're feeling low, so I recommend you start practising gratitude when you're in a good or at least okay place. Then it will come more naturally when you're feeling low.
On this blog, I aim to write gratitude lists regularly. These are usually lists of things I've been grateful for in the past week or so. However, you can also write a general gratitude list that lists things that are positive about your life. Such a list can look something like this:
 1. I am thankful for my physical health.
 2. I am thankful for my husband.
 3. I am thankful I have a home in the care facility I can feel safe in.
 4. I am thankful I am financially secure.
 5. I am thankful for my medication.
You can aim for a certain number of gratefuls, such as ten in the Ten Things of Thankful (_TAG_) blog hop. I have done other types of posts of this kind on this blog and older blogs. Examples include 99 things I like, 20 things I'm grateful for in life, etc.
However, when you're feeling low, it may help to just write what you're thankful for and not set a specific number you must reach. After all, that might create stress that you do not need right now.
Another form of expressing gratitude is the thankful letter. You can write thankful letters to people you're grateful for in real life and actually send or give them to said person. However, you can also write thankful letters to things or situations.
A variation to this theme is the love letter. Of course, it may be good to write a love letter to your significant other, but again you can write love letters to anything.
If you don't write gratitude lists or thank you letters, there are other ways of counting your blessings. Saying to yourself or aloud to someone else that you're grateful for something, may be enough.
How do you express gratitude?
7 thoughts on "Gratitude: Counting Your Blessings _TAG_
 1. I find expressing gratutude very hard, sunce my upbringing did not allow it. However, I do say thankyou to people when thet do a kind deed for me or are kibd to me in some way.
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Ta-Da! Look at that wonderful floor puzzle your child JUST completed!! It's big, and beautiful, and…finished?
Not necessarily! Floor puzzles are a wonderful educational activity on their own, but did you know there are some additional ways you can use these large projects to sneak-in some extra learning? Here are three tips for each level of floor puzzle: Beginner, Intermediate (24-50 piece) and Advanced (100 piece).
These puzzles typically have fewer, and larger, puzzle pieces – which is great for younger puzzlers. After your child is finished, work together to:
- Identify and name all the colors used in the puzzle
- Count how many objects (animals, symbols, people) are in the puzzle
- Group similar objects together (animals, people, big things, little things)
Intermediate Floor Puzzles
Puzzles with up to 50 pieces can be a wonderful accomplishment for your child. But, once complete, there are many ways you can encourage further learning. Try:
- Seeking patterns in the puzzle: Are there objects or colors that repeat?
- Creating a story about the puzzle: Use storytelling paper to write down what's happening in the puzzle. (For example, for the Solar System puzzle below, write a story about what it would be like to visit each planet!)
- Identify and compare sizes of objects in the puzzle: What is the biggest? What is the smallest?
Advanced Floor Puzzles
Massive puzzles are so much fun to accomplish, and after you've spent all that time putting it together, it would be a shame to take it apart! Here are ways to keep enjoying your 100 piece floor puzzle.
- Measure the puzzle and talk about inches versus feet (how many feet long is the puzzle? How many inches?)
- Stare at the puzzle for a certain period of time, then look away and try to recreate the puzzle on a piece of paper from memory.
- Grab your encyclopedia, and do some research on the images or objects that appear in the puzzle. For example, if it's the Underwater floor puzzle above, look up different species of fish, or find out what plants live in the ocean and what purposes they serve.
What are your favorite ways to play, and learn, with floor puzzles? Share your ideas in the comments below, or join the conversation on Melissa & Doug's Facebook page!


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w), and x because it represents two phonemes (ks or gz).
3. It is curious that rhyme is a common linguistic feature in readers for children but is only rarely used in EFL readers. Bloomfield and Barnhart's use of rhyme helps EFL learners master and distinguish English phonemic values, a particularly difficult task for adult learners.
4. Bloomfield and Barnhart's text consists of five more parts, comprising 245 lessons: Part II, "Easy Reading;" "Part III, "More Easy Reading;" "Part IV, "The Commonest Irregular Words;" Part V, "The Commonest Irregular Spelling of Vowel Sounds;" Part VI, "The Commonest Irregular Spellings of Consonant Sounds."
Bloomfield, L. & Barnhart, C. L. (1961) Let's read: A linguistic approach.
Sweet, H. (1899) The
practical study of languages.
· The English-Learning and Languages Review and its individual contributors assert their Copyright © on all the material published in it.
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Friday, July 18, 2014
Test Your General Science Knowledge - 18 July 2014
1. Which component in light causes supression of melatonin produced by the pineal gland?
2. Cassiterite is an ore of ______________________.
3. The blood pressure is denoted as following?
[A]Venous pressure/Pulse pressure
[B]Diastolic pressure/Systolic pressure
[C]Systolic pressure/Diastolic pressure
[D]Venous pressure/Systolic pressure
4. Who proved that bacteria does not originate by spontaneous generation?
[A]Graham Bell
[B]Louis Pasteur
[C]Robert Hooke
[D]Albert Einstein
5. Most part of the cosmic rays that impinge on earth's atmosphere are _____________________.
[B]Gamma rays


If you came across an error message while connecting your gmail account, it is an indication that your browser has been blocking gmail from initiating a pop-up.
Follow these steps to disable pop-up blocker:
1. On the browser's address bar (or omnibox in case of Google Chrome), a small icon on the right most corner known as the pop-up blocker icon will be present and it suggests that your pop-ups are being blocked by the Google Chrome browser.
2. Click on the pop-up blocker icon. You will be presented with a dialog box that shows that your browser is actively blocking all pop-ups by default. Select the option "Always allow pop-ups from" and click Done.
This will ensure that pop-ups from this URL will not be blocked in future.
3. Click on the gmail icon now. This will open a single sign-on (SSO) page that allows you to connect gmail to your Freshworks CRM account successfully.