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Modeling with Cubes
MAA Distinguished Lecture: Ruth Charney
Geometric models based on cubes can provide insights into complex physical and biological systems, from planning the motions of reconfigurable robots to deciphering genetic family trees. In a mathematical context, using geometric pictures to represent abstract algebraic objects such as groups can often tell us something new about the objects, Ruth Charney of Brandeis University said.
On Oct. 14, at the MAA's Carriage House Conference Center, Charney spoke about using cubes, not only in three but also in higher dimensions, as models to represent a variety of systems. The resulting geometric spaces typically consist of complex assemblages of cubes, in three, four, five, or higher dimensions.
"The geometry of these spaces is strange, complicated, and a lot of fun to study," Charney noted. By studying the geometry, we can learn about the system, whether physical or mathematical.
As an example of how to build a geometric model of a system, Charney described a cubic representation of the motions of a planar robot made up of an array of hexagons that can each rotate about a vertex. The independent motions of such a reconfigurable robot can be represented as higher-dimensional cubes, with each vertex standing for a different robot configuration and each edge for a single move between configurations. Each "cube" is then a set of independent moves.
Such geometric spaces can be very complicated, Charney said. But by studying these configuration spaces, we can answer questions, for instance, about how efficiently and quickly robotic moves can occur.
Charney then described methods we can use to characterize the resulting cubical complexes in any dimension, from finding shortest paths (geodesics) and defining curvature to locating centers and centroids.
For a space that models a physical system, these geometric properties correspond to physical properties, she said. A geodesic, for example, might correspond to the most efficient path from one configuration to another.
"Understanding these geometries has useful applications both within and beyond mathematics," Charney concluded.
Charney's presentation was one in a series of public lectures hosted by the MAA, with the support of the National Security Agency, to showcase current trends in mathematics and the relationship between mathematics and broader scientific and engineering endeavors.
An Interview with Ruth Charney
 Listen to Ruth Charney's lecture (mp3)
This MAA Distinguished Lecture was funded by the National Security Agency.


Home>Posts>Tech Explained>How Does a Fanless PC Stay Cool?
How Does a Fanless PC Stay Cool?
By ·Categories: Tech Explained·Published On: July 27th, 2020·3.9 min read·
Compared to a traditional fanned PC, especially small form factor fanned PCs, a fanless computer doesn't necessarily always look dramatically different. Nevertheless, there are several subtle things going on that prevent these quiet, unassuming pieces of hardware from burning up. So how does a fanless PC stay cool?
Fanless computers often cool based on the principle of conduction – that is, something hot dissipating heat into its surroundings through physical contact. Heat conduction is a natural phenomenon, but just how much heat is dissipated can be significantly influenced by design.
The basic idea is to put heat-generating components, like the computer's CPU, in contact with a heat sink. A heat sink allows the heat created by the components to flow through it and eventually into the surrounding air. When designing a heat sink assembly, it's important to consider what materials you'll use and how all its parts will interface with one another. Watch our Tech Edge video about how fanless cooling works below, and read on to learn more.
Heat Sinks Help a Fanless PC Stay Cool
Heat Sink
Heat sinks are a core component for helping a fanless PC stay cool. What's the best material for a heat sink? It stands to reason that a heat sink should be made out of a heat conductor. Much in the same way an electrical conductor provides a pathway for the flow of electrical current, a heat conductor is a material through which heat can flow readily. If something hot (such as a CPU) is in contact with one end of a heat conductor and something relatively cold (such as the air outside the PC) is in contact with the other side, heat will rapidly flow away from the heat source through the conductor. Aluminum and copper are the industry-favorite conductors used for heat sinks.
Most OnLogic heat sink assemblies consist of two main parts: an aluminum block mounted on top of the CPU, and the case lid. Heat is transferred from the CPU into the aluminum block, then the lid, and finally the surrounding air. There needs to be effective heat conducting interfaces between all of these parts in order to effectively cool the system.
How to Create an Effective, Heat Conducting Interface
Creating an effective interface for heat transfer is accomplished differently on the inside and outside of the PC. Air itself is a poor heat conductor, so on the inside of the PC it's important to eliminate as much air as possible between the CPU and heat sink. Simply mounting the heat sink on the CPU is not enough since microscopic imperfections leave air pockets at the interface point. The most common way of getting around this is adding thermal paste, which is a better conductor than air. The thermal paste fills all the gaps that would otherwise have air in them.
Logic Supply ML300 LidOn the outside of the PC, heat is being dissipated directly into the air so a different approach is needed. A common design is a lid covered in specially-engineered ridges. These ridges increase the total surface area exposed to the air, effectively adding more passageways for heat to escape. If you look closely, sometimes even the ridges will have ridges further increasing the surface area.
Avoiding Fanless Cooling Pitfalls
These principles can help you avoid several pitfalls when assembling or implementing a fanless PC. For example, although heat paste is a better conductor than air, it is quite a poor one compared to copper or aluminum. This means that you should only use just enough to fill the gaps where it is needed. Any more and you are creating a thermal barrier that may overheat your computer. Another common complication to avoid is placing something on top of a fanless computer. Even a single piece of paper can trap a pocket of hot air on the PCs lid, preventing the computer from cooling. You should also consider the air surrounding the PC. If the surrounding air is unable to circulate (as it would be in a confined space) or too thin (such as at high elevations) it will have less potential for carrying heat away from the PC.
At OnLogic, we work with fanless computers every day. The more you are exposed to them, the more you appreciate just how much is going on in order to keep them running at optimum temperatures.
If you'd like to learn more, check out our white paper: 5 Ways Fanless Computers can Help Your Business. If you have questions, contact us!
Note: This blog was originally posted on April 29, 2015. It has been updated for content on July 27, 2020.
About the Author: OnLogic
OnLogic is a global industrial computer manufacturer that designs highly-configurable, solution-focused computers engineered for reliability for the IoT edge.
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 Mushi February 13, 2017 at 8:29 am
 Thanks for explaining the clear concept
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text:
Reducing the appearance of frowning lips
A frown is a unique facial expression that involves the action of many muscles used to convey a negative emotion across cultures and language barriers. A frown is supposed to be a temporary emotion but sometimes the corners of your mouth can droop down, causing you to frown even when relaxed. Fortunately, there are ways to help lift the corners of the mouth and bring back your happy face.
Contrary to popular belief, frowning lips is not caused by excessive frowning or being angry all the time. Frowning lips usually are a result of age, and when we age we tend to lose volume in our cheeks and elasticity in our skin. This means that the skin around our mouth loses the support it once had, and the outside corners of our lips turn down resulting in frowning lips.
WHAT CAN BE DONE?
How we can reduce the appearance and formation of frowning lips
If you have noticed that your lips have started to turn down and cause you to frown or look sad, we can help restore your beautiful smile and get you looking and feeling like yourself again.
Neuromodulators can be used to relax the muscles and help lift and smooth the skin and dermal fillers can be used to fill in deeper lines and creases reducing the severity of the downturned corners of the mouth.
Neuromodulators are nerve blocking agents that temporarily relax the muscle they are injected into, resulting in minimized or complete prevention of muscle contraction.Learn more
Dermal fillers work by boosting your skin's natural supply of hyaluronic acid (HA). While there are many types of dermal fillers, they all work to build natural-looking volume in a controlled manner.Learn more

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Similar to the traditional southern crisp, sweet tea, South Carolina is steeped in history. The state's historical culture is known for its wealth and prosperity that throughout time has gone hand-in-hand with war and oppression. Yet somehow, residents of South Carolina balance a sense of southern charm with reflection and solemnity for their historical culture. Through my times and travels throughout the state thus far, I have seen this balance in the way that historical preservation meets coastal conservation.
A great opportunity for historical and natural protection, is the transformation of traditional plantation properties into regions of ecological wealth. Traditional southern plantations are known for their agricultural prosperity, southern society, and hard workmanship performed by an enslaved community. An unbelievable feat accomplished by a slave work force was the creation of rice plantations. The strenuous and intensity of labor found in converting coastal swamps into rice fields has been compared to building the pyramids of Egypt. Today one can find the remnants of these plantations all along the coastal plain of South Carolina. Many have now been preserved into regions of ecological prosperity, providing an oasis for migrating water fowl and other freshwater enthusiasts, such as alligators. As tumultuous as the past has been for places like these, it is a beautiful to know that now these former rice fields can sustain so much life.
Another such example of blending historical and natural beauty lies in the ruins of Old Sheldon Church. The church is a testament to the turbulent and divided times that our country has faced. It dates back to the 1750s and was burned twice, once in the Revolutionary War by British troops and again during the Civil War by Union troops. The structure has been repaired and rebuilt over time, but the church still lies in ruins today because it served as raw material for families to rebuild their homes during the Reconstruction period following the Civil War. The natural beauty on the property more than meets the ethereal charm of the church, however there is another benefit to protecting the church and the land that surrounds it. It sits on a canopy road, where live oaks intermix with Spanish moss and other foliage to almost completely shade the road. Many of these roads have disappeared or at threat from development. But by preserving the ruins of Sheldon Church, one can also conserve the natural beauty and function of the land around it.


text:
| Education Info in Short
The Republic has a huge educational potential.
- There are 750 preschool institutions, 681 state daytime general education institutions and 19 extra-mural ones;
- Over 60 institutions of elementary and intermediate vocational education;
- 8 autonomous state higher education institutions;
- 14 branches of Republican and Russian higher education institutions;
- 9 branches of non-governmental higher education institutions.
Training of specialists with elementary vocational education is conducted in 73 professions for 24 branches of economy; training of specialists with intermediate vocational education is conducted in 77 different fields for 12 key branches of the Republic's economy.
Yakutsk State University named after Maxim Ammosov is one of the largest higher education institutions of Siberia; about 19 thousand students study there in four consolidated groups of specialist fields. Yakutsk State University includes 7 institutes, 10 faculties, and 2 branches in the towns of Mirny and Neryungri. Today 135 departments, Scientific and Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, 19 scientific and research laboratories, and interuniversity scientific library make the centres of scientific and pedagogical work. The share of lecturers with academic degrees makes 52 percent; the share of doctors is 10 percent. More than 60 of the University's lecturers are the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation's public academies, and the Academy of Sciences of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).
Technical specialists for the key branches of economy - rail, air, and water transport, communication and informatization, extracting and processing industries, power engineering, housing and utilities sector - are trained outside the Republic.
Long-term contractual relations have been established with 300 leading universities of Russia and CIS. Over 4 thousand people study outside the Republic in 28 directions and 220 specialist fields.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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One of the primary motivations that govern the National Archives is the preservation of our government's records. While our mission is to provide public access to government records, NARA staff are also tasked with protecting our holdings. A visit to our research rooms reveals the energy we expend on undertaking these two contradictory responsibilities. Because improper handling of records can cause irreversible damage, researchers are our most important allies when it comes to preserving our Nation's history.
Here are the top 10 DO's and DON'Ts for Records Handling:
- DO hold records with two hands to protect the documents and keep them from breaking.
- DON'T write on records or on top of records.
- DO cover records and close boxes that are not in use to prevent light damage.
- DON'T lean or put any objects on top of records, with the exception of NARA approved paperweights.
- DO maintain the original order of folders and papers so that the next researcher finds them in the same order you did.
- DON'T remove staples - ask a NARA employee who has the appropriate tools to do it for you.
- DO wear gloves when handling photographs to protect them from fingerprints.
- DO use light finger pressure to gently flatten folded records. Flexing paper back and forth along creases may cause breaks and tears.
- DO use a pillow to support the spines of a book or ledger and use weights to keep pages open, if needed. NEVER force volumes open as this may damage bindings and fracture book spines.
- DON'T remove documents from clear polyester sleeves, which protect the documents.
While reviewing records, if you notice something out of the ordinary, such as the boxes and folders falling apart, the contents of the box not matching the exterior label, papers ripped, etc., we have special Holdings Maintenance forms available in the research rooms for researchers to fill out so that these records receive the conservation attention that they need. More information on our Holdings Maintenance policies can be found on our website's Preservation webpage.
Please remember that our records are for everyone and YOU are the key to their continued preservation.
Finally, if you need something, please ask for help. We are here for you!


How to Improve G10
G10 provides the ability to enter data into various registers within the control, including offset data and parameters. For CNC users, having the ability to enter data into offsets can play an important role in improving a machine's performance.
Columns From: 10/1/2012 Modern Machine Shop,
Editor's Commentary
From the monthly column CNC Tech Talk.
G10 has one severe limitation (at least on FANUC controls): It can only write data into registers; it cannot read from them. If a machine is equipped with custom macro B, it is possible to read data from offset registers using a series of system variables. However, system variables are difficult to work with because the numbering differs among FANUC control models and can even vary within one control model based on the offset option.
An easier way to read offset data with system variables is to create a user-defined G code. In order to leave the G10 function intact, we need to pick a different G-code number, say G110. The value 110 will be placed in the parameter for the first (of 10) available user-defined G codes. Look in the custom macro B section of your programming manual to find the parameter numbers for user-defined G codes. This parameter will correspond to a program number (like O9011). Once this parameter is properly set, whenever the control reads a G110, it will automatically execute the related program (we'll use O9011).
The calling command could look something like this: N050 G110 T1.0 R10.0 V101.0
G110 will make the control execute program O9011. The T argument will specify the type of data being read. For our example, T1.0 will be for tool offsets and T2.0 will be for fixture offsets. R will specify the offset register number (10, in our example). V will specify the common variable number into which the offset value will be placed. In this example, the value of offset number 10 will be placed in common variable #101. So V lets us specify the common variable into which we want the value stored, enabling easy access to multiple offset values with more G110 commands. And since common variables are retained until at least the M30 of the main program, this common variable will be available for whatever purpose we require after the G110 command has been executed.
Here is our first attempt at program O9011. It can only access tool offsets and is not even referencing the T argument (yet).
O9011 (Data reading custom macro)
(T:#20, R:#18, V:#22)
#[#22] = #[2000 +#18] (Place offset value into common variable)
We're assuming the system variables related to tool offsets are in the #2000 series, meaning the value of offset number 10 will be in #2010. The (only) command in this custom macro places the value of #2010 (again, offset 10) in common variable #101. If you have more than one machine, and if they use a different series of system variables to access tool offsets, you will need a different custom macro for each machine. The calling command will remain the same from machine to machine.
To gain additional access to fixture offsets, we will need to add more G110 arguments. We'll add X, Y and Z to correspond to the various fixture offset registers. This will enable us to specify which fixture offset registers will be read. Consider this new command: N050 G110 T2.0 R3.0 V101.0 X1.0 Y1.0
If included, X, Y and/or Z specify which registers we want to read. If any are left out, the corresponding register value will not be read. In our example, we want to read the X and Y register values of fixture offset number three. The X register value will be placed in common variable #101. Though it is not specified, the Y value will be placed in common variable #102 (one variable number higher that the variable number specified with V. If Z is included in the G110 command, it will be placed in variable #103 (two higher than the value of V).
Here is the completed custom macro program.
O9011 (Data reading custom macro)
(T:#20, R:#18, V:#22, X:#24, Y:#25, Z:#26)
IF [#20 EQ 1.0] GOTO 10 (Tool offset)
IF [#20 EQ 2.0] GOTO 20 (Fixture offset)
#3000 = 100 (BAD VALUE FOR T)
GOTO 99 (Exit)
N20 (Begin fixture offset access)
#33 = 0 (Initialize flag to missing input)
IF [#24 EQ #0] GOTO 22 (Test for X)
#[#22] = #[5201 + 20*#18] (Read X register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N22 IF[#25 EQ #0] GOTO 24 (Test for Y)
#[#22+1] = #[5202 + 20*#18] (Read Y register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N24 IF [#26 EQ #0] GOTO 26 (Test for Z)
#[#22+2] = #[5203 + 20*#18] (Read Z register)
#33 = 1.0 (Missing input flag is satisfied)
N26 IF[#33 EQ 1.0] GOTO 99 (Test if XYZ are not missing)
#3000 = 101 (MISSING X, Y, OR Z)
N99 M99
We're assuming that system variables range in the 5200 series for this machine. If your machines use a different set of variables, reference the custom macro section of your programming manual.
This technique enables your main program to remain consistent from machine to machine. If each machine has an appropriate O9011 program, a given G110 command will work the same on all machines. Once this program is verified for each machine, you won't have to rummage through programming manuals to find the appropriate system variables every time you need to read an offset value.
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7 February 2013
The Sacrificial Lamb
The connation of the word lottery is positive but in the short story by Shirley Jackson changes the reader's notion through vivid details which depicts the opposite side of the spectrum. Societies grips on to cultural norms and customs to preserve a piece of history or to trace roots. But when the fads and rituals serve no purpose and became toxic than citizens are morally obligated to voice opposition. One citizen can not cause a wave of change; a collection of voices can, as Margaret Mead elegantly states "A small group of thoughtful people could change the world. Indeed, it's the only thing that ever has." The villages are morally obligated to speak up against sacrificing of an innocent life and the lack action places the villagers at fault.
All societies have rituals and ceremonies that have an ancient history passed down from generation to generation that hold value and substance. The history for the lottery is non-extent and to support the point oldest man in the village Warner does not why the lottery is conducted and the rationale is "Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon." Objects, tools, pieces that are utilized to conduct significant ceremonies are kept with respect. The main tool to conduct the lottery is the black box which is describes as "grew shabbier each year: by now it was no longer completely black but splintered badly along one side to show the original wood color, and in…


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This article is about the term for male servants. For the village in Iran, see Valet, Iran.
For other uses of "varlet", see Varlet (disambiguation).
A 17th-century valet de chambre
Valet and varlet are terms for male servants who serve as personal attendants to their employer. In the Middle Ages and Ancien Regime, valet de chambre was a role for junior courtiers and specialists such as artists in a royal court, but the term "valet" by itself most often refers to a normal servant responsible for the clothes and personal belongings of an employer, and making minor arrangements.
In the United States, the term most often refers to a parking valet.
Word origins[edit]
In English, valet as "personal man-servant" is recorded since 1567, though use of the term in the French-speaking English medieval court is older, and the variant form varlet is cited from 1456 (OED). Both are French importations of valet (the "t" being silent in modern French) or varlet, Old French variants of vaslet "man's servant," originally "squire, young man," assumed to be from Gallo-Romance Vulgar Latin *vassellittus "young nobleman, squire, page," diminutive of Medieval Latin vassallus, from vassus "servant", possibly cognate to an Old Celtic root wasso- "young man, squire" (source of Welsh gwas "youth, servant," Breton goaz "servant, vassal, man," Irish foss "servant"). See yeoman, possibly derived from yonge man, a related term.
The modern use is usually short for the valet de chambre (French for "valet of the chamber", in modern terms the bedroom, though not originally so), described in the following section.
Since the 16th century, the word has traditionally been pronounced as rhyming with pallet, though an alternative pronunciation, rhyming with chalet, as in French, is now common.[1] The Oxford English Dictionary lists both pronunciations as valid.
Domestic valet[edit]
A valet or "gentleman's gentleman" is a gentleman's male servant; the closest female equivalent is a lady's maid. The valet performs personal services such as maintaining his employer's clothes, running his bath and perhaps (especially in the past) shaving his employer.
In a great house, the master of the house had his own valet, and in the very grandest great houses, other adult members of the employing family (e.g. master's sons) would also have their own valets.
At a court, even minor princes and high officials may be assigned one, but in a smaller household the butler – the majordomo in charge of the household staff – might have to double as his employer's valet. In a bachelor's household the valet might perform light housekeeping duties as well.
Valets learned the skills for their role in various ways. Some began as footmen, learning some relevant skills as part of that job, and picking up others when deputising for their master's valet, or by performing valeting tasks for his sons before they had a valet of their own, or for male guests who did not travel with a valet. Others started out as soldier-servants to army officers (batmen) or stewards to naval officers.
Traditionally, a valet did much more than merely lay out clothes and take care of personal items. He was also responsible for making travel arrangements, dealing with any bills and handling all money matters concerning his master or his master's household.
Alexandre Bontemps, the most senior of the thirty-six valets to Louis XIV of France, was a powerful figure, who ran the Chateau de Versailles. In courts, valet de chambre was a position of some status, often given to artists, musicians, poets and others, who generally spent most of their time on their specialized work. The role was also, at least during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance, a common first step or training period in a nobleman's career at court.
Valets, like butlers and most specialized domestic staff, have become relatively rare. A more common, though still infrequent, arrangement is the general servant performing combined roles.
Famous fictional valets[edit]
Carving of "Bazin", the valet to Aramis, of The Three Musketeers, was a studious person who later became a lay brother. (Thomas Nicholls carves him brushing his master's clothes whilst studying theology).
Other valets[edit]
Valet is also used for people performing specific services:
 - hotel valet — an employee who performs personal services for guests.
 - parking valet – a service employee who parks cars for guests, only from 1960.
 - car valet — an employee who is paid to clean people's cars professionally.
 - valet — a professional wrestling term for a person who accompanies a wrestler to the ring.
 - Jockey's Valet - an employee who maintains a jockey's wardrobe and ensures the proper uniform is worn for each horse the Jockey races.
Other forms of valet-like personnel include:
Clothes valet[edit]
Main article: Clothes valet
Clothes valets are a piece of furniture also referred to as a men's valet. A majority are free standing and made out of wood.
While in French this word remained restricted to the feudal use for a (knight's) squire, in modern English it came to be used for the various other male servants originally called va(r)let other than the gentleman's gentleman, when in livery usually called lackey, such as the valet de pied ('foot varlet', compare footman). In archaic English, varlet also could mean an unprincipled man; a rogue.
See also[edit]
 1. ^ " Great Books Online -- Quotes, Poems, Novels, Classics and hundreds more". Retrieved 28 October 2014.
 2. ^ "". Retrieved 28 October 2014.
 3. ^ "". IMDb. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
External links[edit]
 - The dictionary definition of valet at Wiktionary


Toward affective dialogue management using partially observable Markov decision processes
Bui, Trung Huu (2008) Toward affective dialogue management using partially observable Markov decision processes. thesis.
open access
Abstract:Designing and developing affective dialogue systems have recently received much interest from the dialogue research community. A distinctive feature of these systems is affect modeling. Previous work was mainly focused on showing system's emotions to the user in order to achieve the designer's goal such as helping the student to practice nursing tasks or persuading the user to change their dietary behavior. A challenging problem is to infer the user's affective state and to adapt the system's behavior accordingly. This thesis addresses this problem from an engineering perspective using Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) techniques and a Rapid Dialogue Prototyping Methodology (RDPM). We argue that the POMDPs are suitable for use in designing affective dialogue management models for three main reasons. First, the POMDP model allows for realistic modeling of the user's affective state, the user's intention, and other (user's) hidden state components by incorporating them into the state space. Second, recent dialogue management research has shown that the POMDP-based dialogue manager is able to cope well with uncertainty that can occur at many levels inside a dialogue system from speech recognition, natural language understanding to dialogue management. Third, the POMDP environment can be used to create a simulated user which is useful for learning and evaluation of competing dialogue strategies. In the first part of this thesis, we first present the RDPM for a quick production of frame-based dialogue models for traditional (i.e., non-affect sensitive) singleapplication dialogue systems. The usability of the RDPM has been validated through the implementation of several prototype dialogue systems. We then present a novel approach to developing interfaces for multi-application systems which are dialogue systems that allow the user to navigate between a large set of applications smoothly and transparently. The work in this part provides an essential infrastructure for implementing our prototype POMDP-based dialogue manager. In the second part, we first describe a factored POMDP approach to affective dialogue management. This approach illustrates that POMDPs are an elegant model for building affective dialogue systems. Further, the POMDP-based dialogue strategy outperforms all other known strategies from the literature when tested with smallscale dialogue problems. However, a well-known drawback of POMDP-based dialogue managers is that computing a near-optimal dialogue policy is extremely computationally expensive. We then propose a tractable hybrid DDN-POMDP method to tackle many of these scalability problems. The central contribution of our method (compared with other POMDP-based dialogue management methods from the literature) is the ability to handle frame-based dialogue problems with hundreds of slots and hundreds of slot values.
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text:
HSN program assesses drivers' abilities to maintain privilege
Having been born with cerebral palsy, Marta Kurkimaki, 20, and Krystyn Derks, 19, both knew there was a chance they would never be able to get behind the wheel of a vehicle.
Cerebral palsy is a condition when muscle movements and posture is affected due to brain damage. For both ladies, the condition affects the left side of their bodies. Kurkimaki's condition is more severe than Derks', but both need the assistance of specialized equipment to help them steer their vehicles.
Luckily, they found that help through the Driver Assessment Rehabilitation Service (DARS), a program run through Health Sciences North that provides assessment and rehabilitation for people who are facing challenges in their ability to operate a motor vehicle. The goal is to ensure as many clients as possible can safely continue driving or have their driving privileges reinstated.
DARS clients are referred by their physician, when a change in their medical condition requires notification of the Ministry of Transportation under the Highway Traffic Act. Clients already under a licence suspension for medical reasons may also be referred to DARS.
It's also designed for people born with disabilities, like Kurkimaki and Derks, who may require extra training and devices installed in their vehicles to aid them in their driving. Depending on the client's assessment, DARS develops a personalized rehabilitation program which can include on-the-road sessions with a certified driving instructor.
"I knew I would need something (to help me drive); my left arm is a lot different, and I tried different things with the signal light, because it's on the left side of the steering wheel," Kurkimaki said, in reference to the fact the cerebral palsy affects her left side.
The 20-year-old has been involved with DARS for more than a year. She now uses a specialized nob on her steering wheel that lets her drive only with her right hand. Her signals lights and high beams are operated via the nob.
"My dad tried to teach me (how to drive) without the use of any devices, but it was hard to do the turns, and my left hand wasn't able to help me," she said. "Reg (Fitchett, of Valley Driver Training) gave me some cool information and tools to help me. It was great knowing that I'd be able to get some of my freedom back."
In fact, it was Fitchett who told Derks about the program.
"On my 16th birthday, I wanted to be able to drive just like all my friends, and my parents told me I could do whatever I wanted to do, and if I wasn't able to do it, then they would find a way to make it happen," she said. "I didn't know about the program until I started my driver-training course, where I met Reg, and he told me about it."
Through her assessment, it was determined that all she needed was a basic nob for her steering wheel, but the freedom that comes with the ability to drive by herself is anything but basic.
"I love it," she said. "I have my own car now, and I'm able to go to work and do whatever I want."
Fitchett said people of varying abilities are trained to use the the adaptive devices prescribed through DARS.
"People use the driving methods they've had their entire lives, and all of a sudden things change, and they now have to learn a new system," he said. "We've been reasonably successful in teaching clients to use those new technologies."
Interestingly, it was a vehicle in Sudbury that had the very first left-side gas pedal installed in Canada, he said.
Training can take any number of hours, depending on the person, he said. Or, the client can pick up on it very quickly, and it may take only half an hour.
Before a person can get behind the wheel of a vehicle by themselves, they must first go through an assessment. That task falls to occupational therapists like Vicki Uguccioni.
"Basically, we assess whether it's safe for a client to drive," Uguccioni said. "Clients of all ages are referred to us through their physician if there are concerns about a medical condition, a physical disability or a cognitive issue. We want to try and help people maintain their mobility and independence as much as possible."
Since 2005, about 500 clients have been assessed through the program, she said. Most have been cleared to drive, but that is heavily dependent on the diagnosis.
For example, in the case of an amputation, it could be something as simple as installing a nob on the steering wheel. In other cases, when there are cognitive issues or other issues that affect such things as decision-making abilities, it may require more work, and the chances of being cleared for driving are reduced.
She also said it's unfortunate that there are still many people on the road who have a medical condition, but who refuse to seek an assessment for fear of losing their driving privilege.
"Often, that's not the case," Uguccioni said. "With the right assistance, many people can maintain their driving privileges or have them reinstated."
Since its inception, the percentage of clients retaining their driving privileges are: 100 per cent for paraplegia, fractures and amputation; 93 per cent for acquired brain injury; 85 per cent for multiple sclerosis; 70 per cent for cerebral vascular accident and stroke; 66 per cent for vision waiver; and 22 per cent for dementia-related conditions.
"If people with disabilities want to drive, this is definitely something they want to look into," Kurkimaki said. "It's a great feeling. When you have a disability, you tend to think you can't do the same things as everyone else, but this program offers an outlet that leads to a more normal life.
"You're life will always be different, but it's a great feeling knowing you'll be able to at least drive on your own."
Posted by Arron Pickard


text:
Sets up cartridge data for the cart.
- A string that is likely to be unique across all Pico-8 carts.
A cartridge can store 64 numbers (256 bytes) of data to persistent storage. This data is available the next time the user runs the cart, and persists in the player even if the cartridge is replaced with a new version of the same cartridge.
The function takes a string ID that uniquely identifies the cartridge among all Pico-8 cartridges that might have persistent data. There is no central registry for cartdata IDs, and you're expected to not willfully overwrite data belonging to other carts. Likewise, you can purposefully use the same ID across multiple carts to share persistent data between carts, such as to implement a very large adventure game that requires multiple carts.
One reasonable way to derive a unique ID for your cart is to use the following pattern:
username is your Pico-8 BBS username,
title is the title of the cartridge, and
version is an optional version ID. You would only increment the version ID if a new version of the cart stores cart data in a format incompatible with previous versions.
cartdata() has been called, the data bytes can be accessed directly at memory locations 0x5e00 to 0x5eff. Using poke() to update these values persists the new value automatically, similar to dset().
function _init() cartdata("zep_jelpi_1") player_pos = dget(0) player_inventory = dget(1) end function save_game() dset(0, player_pos) dset(1, player_inventory) end


text: Arctic journey was an experiential exhibition series that was realized as a part of HumanSee research project at the University of Lapland in 2016. The exhibition series seeked to experiment the multisensory ways of presenting personal experiences in the Arctic and to invite exhibition visitors into the co-creation of the installations. By exploring the exhibition formats, this article asks what is the role of co-design process in the construction of an arctic experience. Two of the exhibition cases included co-creation sessions, where the creation of the arctic experience was taken into a closer experimentation through the co-design process. Through qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis, the research findings suggest that arctic experience, even when not connected to personal experiences in the actual arctic region, is a reflection of the personal understanding of the marginal context that brings the stories of an individual into the core of the experience.


text:
(PECL ps >= 1.1.0)
ps_continue_text — Continue text in next line
Output a text one line below the last line. The line spacing is taken from the value "leading" which must be set with ps_set_value(). The actual position of the text is determined by the values "textx" and "texty" which can be requested with ps_get_value()
Resource identifier of the postscript file as returned by ps_new().
The text to output.
TRUE em caso de sucesso ou
FALSE em caso de falha.


Article VI - Bargaining Units
 1. Unit Elections
 The election shall be completed and the ballots counted within the same voting period fixed by the Local Election Committee as provided in Article V - Elections, section 1(a).
 1. Each unit shall hold a meeting during the month of January at which a Nomination and Election Committee shall be elected and shall receive nominations at the meeting and to supervise elections for Unit Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, Secretary, delegates and alternate delegates to the Representative Council. At least 15 days' notice of this meeting shall be given by steward distribution, website posting, e-mailing, faxing and selected mailing to each unit member. In conducting the election, the committee shall abide by the relevant provisions of Article V.
 2. Upon the direction of the Executive Committee, the Elections Committee shall make every reasonable effort to implement and supervise workplace and/or electronic balloting for Unit elections.
 3. Except as provided in paragraph (b) above, election shall be by mailed-in ballot when less than 20 percent of the unit membership is present and voting. Elections shall be at the Unit Meeting or by mailed-in ballot at the discretion of the meeting when more than 20 percent of the unit membership is present at the unit meeting.
 4. Unit delegates shall be certified to the Representative Council by the Unit Secretary.
 5. All unit election disputes shall be decided by the Local Election and Referendum Committee.
 6. In elections for unit positions, a plurality and not a majority is necessary only to elect.
 2. Special Unit Meetings
 A special meeting not for the purpose of recall may be called by the Unit Chairperson or Acting Chairperson, but shall be called by the Unit Secretary on receipt of a written petition signed by not fewer than ten percent of the unit membership in good standing at the time of the filing of the petition, but in no case less than five members.
 3. An elected workplace representative may be recalled by the members he/she represents for failing to perform the duties of their office. A recall is initiated by a petition signed by 25 per cent of the members that the workplace representative represents. The petition must provide specific complaints against the workplace representative and be submitted to the Local President.
 4. The Local President shall notify the workplace representative of the complaints and provide a copy of the petition.
The Local Union shall call a special unit meeting with a minimum of seven days' notice with the sole purpose of addressing the specific complaints identified in the petition. A quorum for a recall meeting shall be 50 per cent of the unit members. A two-thirds majority vote of those present shall be required to recall an elected workplace representative. A workplace representative can face recall only once during his/her term of office.
 1. Unit Secretary's Duties
 The Unit Secretary under the direction of the Treasurer shall have charge of the execution of the fiscal provisions of these bylaws as they apply to the members of his or her unit.
 2. Vacancies and By-Elections
 Vacancies in the posts of unit officers or delegates to the Representative Council shall be filled by a unit election at the next meeting.
 3. Minutes of Unit Meetings
 Each unit shall file promptly after each unit meeting, a copy of the minutes of the unit meeting with the Local Secretary.
 4. Honouraria
 The Local shall pay to each Unit Chair an annual honourarium (paid pro-rata if necessary) based on the following scale. Full-time Unit chairs shall not receive the honorarium.
 1 - 99 members: $750
 100 - 199 members: $1,000
 200 - 399 members: $2,000
 400 plus members: $3,000


What is DIM and where is it found?
DIM (DIINDOLYLMETHANE) is a phytonutrient derived from cruciferous vegetables, such as cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts. It is thought to have cancer-protecting properties and promote a healthier estrogen metabolism.
.What are the benefits?
DIM if often take to prevent colorectal, breast, and uterine cancer. Some use it to treat PMS and to prevent BPH (enlarged prostate).
Are there interactions with food or medications?
A doctor should be consulted before starting DIM if you are taking estrogens, diuretics or CYPA12. There is conflicting evidence if DIM acts like an estrogen or block estrogen, so it should be avoided with hormone-sensitive conditions.
Are there side effects?
None reported.
Posted in Blog, Supplements.


Blurity photo de-blurring utility offers a simple interface for fixing photos damaged by motion blur. It doesn't always work, but it's worth a try. Although at $39 you'd want to make sure it works before you purchase this photo-editing software - fortunately you can. See Group test: what's the best photo-editing software?
The idea of taking a blurry photo and making it sharp again sounds exciting. Like speech recognition, it is one of those technological visions that firmly belonged in the realm of futuristic fantasy just a few short years ago. But while powerful, reliable speech recognition is here, image de-blurring still has a long way to go. Blurity ($39, demo with watermarking) is a utility that's trying to blaze a trail into the difficult field, and it can de-blur certain types of photos if you're skillful and lucky. Pricing is always in US Dollars.
You put the blurry image on the left, click a part of it to demark a selection frame, and click Process. Blurity crunches some numbers, and shows the result on the right half of the window. In a perfect world, this review would end here: You would now be looking at a beautifully sharp version of your previously-blurry photo. In my testing, however, things proved to be more difficult.
When you first run Blurity, the application launches into a short interactive tutorial explaining the different settings, as well as how you should use the selection frame. This frame is very important, because Blurity tries to figure out the shape of the blur using the data within this frame.
Some spots on the photo are good for the frame, while others won't provide Blurity with the information it needs. The tutorial carefully demonstrates this point, and shows some of the other settings. It uses a sample image, and shows the kind of results you can hope to achieve with Blurity: Photos that are significantly clearer, but still have some blur and artifacts.
Photos can be blurry either because they're out of focus, or because the subject or the camera were moving during the exposure. This is called motion blur, and that's what Blurity knows how to fix.
The first photo I fed into Blurity was one of a dolphin leaping out of the water. When I originally took the shot, I was tracking the dolphin with my camera and using a too-slow shutter speed. The dolphin ended up sharp, but the audience in the background had severe motion blur.
No matter how much I played with Blurity's settings, I couldn't get the photo to de-blur. It turns out this is one kind of shot Blurity can't handle: Your entire picture has to have the same kind of motion blur. In other words, Blurity is at its best when fixing camera shake.
I then tried Blurity with a street photo I took of construction workers. I took the shot from the hip while walking, so it had some camera shake (not much, though, because I was using a stabilized lens and it was a bright, sunny day). With this photo as well, no matter how much I played with Blurity's settings and the location of the selection frame, no joy. The end result was worse than the one I started with.
Finally, I decided to take an image just to test Blurity. I took a photo of an artwork while vigorously shaking my camera, resulting in a very blurry shot. The image itself was ideal for Blurity. It contained a good amount of detail, and uniform motion blur. And indeed, this was my most successful attempt.The de-blurred image showed details that were completely smudged over in the original image.
Blurity's website features a comprehensive manual and two videos showing how to use the program, and the output shown reflects what you'll really get with the application (if you know what you're doing).
Blurity: Specs
What Blurity is trying to do is very complicated, and complicated things don't always work like in the movies. Still, if you have an irreplaceable photo that's been damaged by motion blur, Blurity is worth a shot, and is free to try.
Find the best price


text:
Our research focuses on one of the most important aspects of poultry nutrition: the functional development of the chicken digestive system, and the influence of feed and specific nutrients on the integrity and functional capability of the gut epithelium. The goal of this research is to improved efficiency of poultry production.
- Functional development of the small intestine: morphological, molecular and functional changes
- Feeding before hatch—in ovo feeding
- Modulating microflora in the chicken intestine
- Nutrition of the developing embryo during incubation
- Bitter Taste Perception in Chicken,.
- Principles in nutrition of farm animals (71839; 4 credits)
- Management and nutrition of poultry ( 71822 ; 6 credits )
- Fish Physiology ( 71837; 3.5 credits)
- Quality and production of poultry products (71851; 2 credits)
- Introduction to animal physiology ( 71808; 2 credits)
- Master's degree and Doctorate Course:
- Physiology of absorption (71142; 3.5 credits)
- The World Poultry Science Association (WPSA).
- The American Animal Science Society (ASAS).
- The Israeli Poultry Science Association (IPSA).
- The European Poultry Science Association
- Head of postgraduate curriculum in Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine.
- Ad hoc reviewer for: World Poultry Science, British Poultry - Avian Pathology, Poultry Science Journal
- Member of the Scientific Committee of the European Poultry Nutrition Conference.


text:
MCLE Self-Study: Putting Intent in Its Place: A New Direction for Title VII
By Noah Zatz
Noah D. Zatz is Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. His teaching and research focus on work and inequality in contexts such as employment discrimination, social welfare policy, and low-wage work. Before beginning his academic career, he practiced at the National Employment Law Project as a Skadden Fellow.
At its fiftieth anniversary, Title VII faces a fork in the road. One path is well-markedâthe path of Ledbetter, Wal-Mart, and Ricci.1Along that path robust commitments to civil rights are choked off by the stranglehold of discriminatory intent. But what is the alternative? Piecemeal protests at particular results have failed to marshal a compelling competing theory of antidiscrimination law. I propose that we find new direction by taking as our compass the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), Title VII's younger cousin.
The ADA's signature contribution is to characterize denial of reasonable accommodation ("nonaccommodation") as disability discrimination. Appreciating why that is can cast Title VII jurisprudence in a new light. It highlights the affirmative duties Title VII already imposes on employers, and it reveals how persistent legal puzzles might be solved with new tools.


species-0.3.2: Computational combinatorial species
The Species type class
class C s => Species s whereSource
Minimal complete definition: singleton, set, cycle, o, ><, @@, ofSize.
singleton :: sSource
The species X of singletons. Puts a singleton structure on an underlying label set of size 1, and no structures on any other underlying label sets. x is also provided as a synonym.
set :: sSource
The species E of sets. Puts a singleton structure on any underlying label set.
cycle :: sSource
The species C of cyclical orderings (cycles/rings).
linOrd :: sSource
The species L of linear orderings (lists). Since linear orderings are isomorphic to cyclic orderings with a hole, we may take linOrd = oneHole cycle as the default implementation; linOrd is included in the Species class so it can be special-cased for enumeration.
subset :: sSource
The species p of subsets is given by subset = set * set. subset is included in the Species class so it can be overridden when enumerating structures: by default the enumeration code would generate a pair of the subset and its complement, but normally when thinking about subsets we only want to see the elements in the subset. To explicitly enumerate subset/complement pairs, you can use set * set directly.
ksubset :: Integer -> sSource
Subsets of size exactly k, ksubset k = (set 'ofSizeExactly' k) * set. Included with a default definition in the Species class for the same reason as subset.
element :: sSource
Structures of the species e of elements are just elements of the underlying set, element = singleton * set. Included with a default definition in Species class for the same reason as subset and ksubset.
o :: s -> s -> sSource
Partitional composition. To form all (f 'o' g)-structures on the underlying label set U, first form all set partitions of U; for each partition p, put an f-structure on the classes of p, and a separate g-structure on the elements in each class.
(><) :: s -> s -> sSource
Cartisian product of two species. An (f >< g)-structure consists of an f-structure superimposed on a g-structure over the same underlying set.
(@@) :: s -> s -> sSource
Functor composition of two species. An (f @@ g)-structure consists of an f-structure on the set of all g-structures.
ofSizeExactly :: s -> Integer -> sSource
nonEmpty :: s -> sSource
rec :: ASTFunctor f => f -> sSource
'rec f' is the least fixpoint of (the interpretation of) the higher-order species constructor f.
omega :: sSource
Omega is the pseudo-species which only puts a structure on infinite label sets. Of course this is not really a species, but it is sometimes a convenient fiction to use Omega to stand in for recursive occurrences of a species.
Species CycleIndex
An interpretation of species expressions as cycle index series. For the definition of the CycleIndex type, see Math.Combinatorics.Species.Types.
Species GF
Species EGF
Species ESpeciesAST
Species SpeciesAST
Convenience methods
oneHole :: Species s => s -> sSource
A convenient synonym for differentiation. oneHole f-structures look like f-structures on a set formed by adjoining a distinguished "hole" element to the underlying set.
x :: Species s => sSource
A synonym for singleton.
It can be grammatically convenient to define plural versions of species as synonyms for the singular versions. For example, we can use set 'o' nonEmpty sets instead of set 'o' nonEmpty set.
Derived operations
Some derived operations on species.
pointed :: Species s => s -> sSource
Intuitively, the operation of pointing picks out a distinguished element from an underlying set. It is equivalent to the operator x d/dx: pointed s = singleton * differentiate s.
Derived species
octopus :: Species s => sSource
An octopus is a cyclic arrangement of lists, so called because the lists look like "tentacles" attached to the cyclic "body": octopus = cycle 'o' nonEmpty linOrds.
partition :: Species s => sSource
The species of set partitions is just the composition set 'o' nonEmpty sets.
permutation :: Species s => sSource
A permutation is a set of disjoint cycles: permutation = set 'o' cycles.
ballot :: Species s => sSource
The species of ballots consists of linear orderings of nonempty sets: ballot = linOrd 'o' nonEmpty sets.
simpleGraph :: Species s => sSource
Simple graphs (undirected, without loops). A simple graph is a subset of the set of all size-two subsets of the vertices: simpleGraph = subset @@ (ksubset 2).
directedGraph :: Species s => sSource
A directed graph (with loops) is a subset of all pairs drawn (with replacement) from the set of vertices: subset @@ (element >< element). It can also be thought of as the species of binary relations.


Updated date:
Breeding Male and Female Gouramis: How to Identify the Gender
I have raised tropical fish for over 15 years and I enjoy sharing my expertise with others.
One of the most popular aquarium fish is the gourami. It is known for being easy to keep, having bright colors, and being easy to breed. Gouramis are a type of anabantoid. This type of fish actually breathes air from the surface of the water. Another popular anabantoid is the betta fish, sometimes known as the Siamese fighting fish. Both of these fish are quite easy to breed in your home aquarium. If you are thinking about breeding gouramis, you need to understand how to tell the difference between the male and female.
Categories of Gourami
There are two main breeding categories of gourami. The first type of breeding category includes fish such as the kissing gourami. It will be very difficult to determine the sex of these fish and much more difficult to breed than other gouramis. If you are going to attempt to identify the sex of your kissing gourami, you will need to go through a process of observation and comparison. Watch your gouramis to see if they are "kissing." Your fish will be trying to dominate each other. These will likely be two males. If you want to identify the sex of the fish by comparison, you can look at the fish from above. Males will be flat-sided, while females will be slightly rounded on the side.
The Gourami's Color
If you have a gold, opaline, blue, or paradise gourami, then you are in luck. It will be very easy to determine the sex of this type of gourami. Even novice fish owners will be able to tell the difference between the male and female. You can easily recognize the female by their curved dorsal fin. This fin is not pointed, giving the fin a more wavy shape. Females are usually less colorful than males and mature females are often larger than mature males. The female paradise gourami is typically grey and red and they are larger and longer than males.
Observe the Gorami's Fins
The dorsal fin of male gouramis comes to a point, creating a distinct v-shape. These fins are usually speckled or spotted. If your gourami is a gold, blue, or opaline variety, the males will exhibit rings around their spots. The coloring of a male paradise gourami is usually red, blue, or green as opposed to the lackluster coloring of females which tend to be red or grey.
If you plan on breeding your gouramis, it is best to know if the specific variety breeds better as a pair or trio. There are some gouramis that will not do well in a one-to-one scenario. This can cause the male to be overly aggressive toward the female, and in some cases this can cause harm to the female. For first-time breeders, make sure you purchase gouramis which can be easily sexed. There are many varieties available at your local pet store.
If you provide the right environment and have enough space in your aquarium, then breeding gouramis can be a pleasant experience.
nuwan on October 21, 2018:
nice advice!
very usefull


text:
- Make a congregational assessment based on current leadership, history of the congregation, population, facilities and growth potential. We call this your HANGER session. (Hanger is an acronym: H = history, A = advantages, N = needs, G = goals, E = excuses, R = Resolve.)
- Get to know the congregation.
- Make final observations and suggestions.
- Plan for the next visit.
- We "brain storm" with the congregation to find out what they want to do and are willing to commit to. We call this your TAKEOFF session (Takeoff is an acronym: T = tell us what you want from us, A = actions taken since last meeting, K = know your role, E = events, O = operations, F = future plans, F = follow up)
- Have the congregation start building a prospect list.
- Plan for an event such as "friends' day."
- Finish the prospect list.
- Begin teaching Trenches. This is an Outreach Training and Visitation Ministry.
- Teach Foundations. This is how to nurture and teach new Christians.
- Check on the progress of Trenches training.
- Teach "Circle of Influence." This is five lessons on how to influence people and find prospects.
- Show the congregation how to use "50 ways to save your neighbor."
We can cover all or some of the below, depending on the congregation's needs.
- Singing workshop
- Song-leader training
- Bible class and classroom development
- We'll teach "Digging tools." These are tools for Bible study; we will also introduce New Life Behavior.
- We can provide training in advertisement, tech help (Facebook, website, etc.)
- We can help with materials and research.
- We can provide leadership training.
- We may even be able to help with building and grounds maintenance.
This is a general overview, this program schedule can change depending on the needs of the congregation.
If you would like to help Homemission's work, we'd love for you to be apart of the team.
If you would like to help support John Orr and Homemission, please do so here!
If you would like the Homemission team to assist your congregation, please sign up below.


text:
Familia Ona de viage
Selk'nam man, woman and children wrapped in guanaco hide robes, wearing conical hats, walking through clearing in underbrush. The man and boy carry a bow and arrows
Father Alberto Maria De Agostini, Non-Indian, _PHONE_
Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego; Tierra del Fuego Province, Magallanes y Antártica Chilena Region XII; Argentina, Chile
Father Alberto María De Agostini was an Italian missionary and a dedicated mountaineer, explorer, geographer, ethnographer, photographer and cinematographer; his missionary work was based in Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia. This and other images of Father De Agostini's were published as postcards, probably during the 1930s. No other collection history information available.
3.25 x 5 in.
Click on the image or the magnifying glass to see a larger view; click again to close the pop-up window. Scroll through Other Images and Media to see other views of this item; click on any image to make it appear in the larger window. Catalog card scans are provided to illustrate the information that originally accompanied the objects. Please recognize that unacceptable or offensive terminology represents historic data and not NMAI's current usage.


text:
Posted on Oct 18, 2010
by Adobe Education
Electronic portfolios are an ideal way for students to gather and showcase their work. In this guide, learn how to use Adobe Acrobat® software to help students create media-rich PDF Portfolios and share their work with teachers, peers, and prospective employers.
Creative Commons License
Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike
ISTE NETS·S Standards
Communication and Collaboration, Creativity and Innovation, Technology Operations and Concepts


Hazal Hazal
Mandatory Volunteering
B1,B2 level
In this lesson, the students will have a receptive skills lesson to practice reading for gist and detail comprehension with the help of unblocking key vocabularies in the text.
Abc True or False Statements
Abc Scanning Questions
Abc Matching tasks hand outs
Main Aims
 - To provide gist and scan reading practice using a text about mandatory volunteering in the context of schools
Subsidiary Aims
 - To provide clarification of adjectives and nouns in the context of problems wit mandatory volunteering
The ss will talk about what volunteering is by having a photo of volunteered people on the board.
The ss will scan the text to have some main ideas by trying to answer the questions.
Ss will have to evaluate the sentences to decide whether they are true or false.
The teacher reflects some photos on the board that the ss study at the beggining of the lesson to guess the meaning of them to practice vocabulary.
Web site designed by: Nikue


1.5 mole of PCl5 are heated at constant temperature in a closed vessel of 4 litres capacity.At the equilibrium,PCl5 is 35percent dissociated into PCl3 and Cl2.calculate the equilibrium constant.
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 1. (PCl5) = 1.5 mols/4 L = 0.375 M.
 0.375 M x 0.35 = 0.131 M
 .......PCl5 ==> PCl3 + Cl2
 Kc = (PCl3)(Cl2)/(PCl5)
 You know x is 0.131 M. Substitute and solve for Kc.
 Post your work if you get stuck.
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 2. Hey solve completely
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text:
The period of the English Civil Wars (1642-49) was important for changes in both arms and armour, as well as the types of soldiers employed in battle. Firearms became more important and armour was used less than before.
The Royal Armouries houses one of the finest collections of arms and armour of the mid-17th century in the world. In addition to the arsenal collection preserved at the Tower of London since the time of its use, the museum acquired in 1985 the armoury from Littlecote House, the last major Civil War armoury then remaining in private hands. This collection is important for its groups of buffcoats, baldricks and carbine slings and for its muskets, carbines and pistols.
Leather buff coats offered good protection against sword cuts but not pikes or guns. They were however lighter than steel and worn with a bullet-proof breastplate allowed the harquebusier to be more flexible and mobile as a force.
Dates from 1650 | Object number: III.1942
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Working, creating and playing with reusable materials helps children acquire skills such as creativity, confidence, problem solving, focus and persistence. Children communicate their understanding of concepts and the world with materials. Our workshops are intended for teachers who would like to incorporate stimulating arts media and open ended materials into the classroom. A certificate with contact hours will be provided upon the conclusion on the workshops. Workshops offered in the past have included:
Introduction to UpCycling with Young Learners -
Using Open Ended Materials With Children
Workshop participants learn how to collect, prepare, store and display a wide array of reusable materials that young children can use to explore and communicate their understanding of the world. The presentation highlights the benefits of including open-ended materials with children and provides innovative, yet practical, ideas for using them with young children. We start by describing core skills that young children develop by experimenting with reuse materials, and then show how these skills lay the foundation for facilitated group and self-directed work in later years. Participants have an opportunity to try out the activities described in the presentation.
Additional Workshop Topics
See below and check our blog for UpCycle's workshop topics. We can customize a workshop to suit your needs!
Materials Workshop - Printmaking and Paper Cloth
Workshop participants explore the possibilities of working with young children to print and make paper cloth From found object printing, to making print plates, to developing a printing process to use with children, many different printing techniques will be shared. We will also make paper cloth, a collage material that is part paper and part fabric. This unique and beautiful product can be used for sewing, book binding and more.


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Only a few decades ago, Vermont's largest native game fish was widely considered extinct in state waters. It was thought that the last, remnant population of muskellunge in the Lake Champlain basin was wiped out by a chemical spill in the 1970s. But to the delight of anglers and fisheries managers, a small but steady number of these huge, toothy fish have been caught in recent years, which has both rekindled interest in fishing for muskie and sparked renewed efforts to restore these spectacular predators in Lake Champlain.


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"Why don't you eat an apple?"
Translation:Γιατί δεν τρως ένα μήλο;
What are you asking? Please use the REport option:
If your sentence was not accepted this is how to Report.
We moderators cannot see your sentence therefore before you posted your comment here you should have made a REPORT.
Here's how to report.
Go to the bottom of the exercise page where you'll see REPORT Click on that:
Then choose what you want to REPORT: (You'll see these to choose from.)
-The audio does not sound correct.
-The dictionary hints on hover are wrong or missing.
-The Greek sentence is unnatural or has an error.
-The "Correct solution" is unnatural or has an error.
-My answer should be accepted. This is the one you should click on if your translation was not accepted.
After choosing the REPORT you want to make you should post on the comment page.
Oh, I see. You'd be amazed at how many comments are without punctuation so a missing question mark doesn't always mean it wasn't a question.
The word "τρως" doesn't take an accent because it's a one-syllable word but I don't see any reference to that in DebUlma's comment.


Community Speaker Series Presents Nicholas Epley on 4/20
Presented by The Community Speaker Series, D181 and D86.
Nicholas Epley: Mindwise – A Guide to Understanding the Minds of Others
You are a mind reader, born with an extraordinary ability to understand what others think, feel, believe, want and know. It's a sixth sense you use each day in every professional and personal relationship—but how well do you really know what your coworkers, employees, competitors or customers want or are thinking? How good are you at knowing the minds of others? How well can you guess what others think of you, your business or your product? In this illuminating exploration of one of the great mysteries of the human mind, University of Chicago award-winning psychologist Nicholas Epley introduces audiences to what scientists have learned about our ability to understand the most complicated puzzle on the planet—other people—and the surprising mistakes we often make. Why are we sometimes blind to the minds of others? Why do we so routinely believe that others think, feel and want what we do, when in fact they do not? In his presentation modeled after his book, Mindwise, Epley will not turn other people into open books, but will give you the wisdom to revolutionize how you think about them—and yourself.
Date: Tuesday, April 20, 2021
Time: 7:00 – 8:15 p.m.
Format: Zoom Webinar
Register: Click here or visit
For more information, please see attached flyer.


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Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
Subjects and verbs must AGREE with one another in number (singular or plural).
Directions: Identify only the subject, the direct object, and the indirect object in each sentence. Example: Our teacher gave us some work to do.
About the Study Zone The Study Zone is for students of the English Language Centre (ELC) at the University of Victoria. ELC teachers create the English-language lessons and practice exercises. The site is designed for our adult English-language learners, but all are welcome to read the lessons and use the exercises.
The quizzes with a magenta marble


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DURHAM, N.C.? The ability to tell the difference between crystals that formed naturally and those formed by human activity can be important to archaeologists in the field. This can be a crucial bit of information in determining the ancient activities that took place at a site, yet archaeologists often wait for months for the results of laboratory tests.
Now, however, an international team of physicists, archaeologists and materials scientists has developed a process that can tell in a matter of minutes the origin of samples thousands of years old. The new device is easily portable and works by "lifting off" the spectral fingerprint of a material with infrared light.
The first material tested was the mineral calcite, commonly found in rocks such as limestone, which forms over millions years in sediments. These rocks can also contain the mineralized shells of sea creatures. Archaeological sites may also feature calcite that was a part of ash, plaster, or other building materials.
In the latest issue of the journal Advanced Materials, on-line today, Stefano Curtarolo, associate professor of mechanical engineering and materials sciences and physics at Duke University, and Kristin Poduska, associate professor of physics at Memorial University in Newfoundland, and their colleagues at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, describe the new approach, which has already been successfully tested in archeological sites in Israel.
"The key to determining a sample's origin lay in figuring out how well the crystal structure is organized," Curtarolo said. "Naturally occurring calcite crystals are tightly organized, while a material created by humans from calcite is usually far less organized."
However, interpreting the information obtained using traditional methods is time-consuming and tricky, since such factors as particle size and the alignment of the atoms within the crystals can send out conflicting information.
"For this reason, getting useful and reliable information about the sample usually requires careful and time-intensive sample preparation with highly specialized equipment," Poduska said.
The researchers used infrared spectroscopy to take advantage of the fact that different molecular units absorb light differently, yielding distinct spectral peaks, or molecular fingerprints. They put a sample through a series of grindings? sometimes as many as a dozen? while taking detailed infrared spectroscopy readings after each one. By analyzing the absorption peaks at different points in the grinding process, as the particles got smaller and smaller, they could tease out the effects of size and organization.
For example, Curtarolo said, an archaeologist finds a sample and knows that it is calcite, but what cannot be determined at the site is whether it is a naturally occurring mineral, or a building material made of calcite. Plaster is made by heating limestone, grinding it up and mixing it with water.
"We've shown in the field that our method can quickly detect subtle differences in the organization of a crystal by decoupling the two factors that influence the spectral peaks," Poduska said. "Our method is particularly powerful because the direct measurement of particle size is not needed, and it can be used with any crystal that can be excited by infrared light."
Last summer, a team of archaeologists and scientists from the Weizmann Institute successfully tested the new approach at an ancient site in central Israel at Tel Safit, close to where David is thought to have slain Goliath.
"Whenever they found something white, they would call us over to do tests," Poduska said. "We were able to confirm whether the sample was rock or plaster, which helps us decide how to proceed at the excavation site."
Other members of the team, from the Weizmann Institute of Science, were structural biologists Steve Weiner and Lia Addadi, nuclear physicist Elisabetta Boaretto, PhD student Lior Regev, and theoretical physicist Leeor Kronik.
The researchers were supported by the Weizmann Institute and the Lize Meitner Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and the National Science Foundation.


text: Making the ordinary unknown. Isaac Chen's design is based on elemental relationships – gravity, mass and shape. Drawing on the familiar, he transcends the ordinary for our interactions with objects and the space they occupy. In his magazine hanger Riddle for Swedese, Isaac Chen illustrates gravity. Magazines are hung on their own weight via string and stoppers just like inserting bookmarks. The idea is to create awareness and to deepen our understanding of what we already know.


Aller au contenu principal
I am going to give steps on how to build a fire, and how to be safe around fires. Additionally, I will include recommendations for the best materials to use during the process.
Aucune pièce spécifiée.
 1. What You'll Need:
 - What You'll Need:
 - Tinder. This is what you'll use to start your fire. Outdoors, this means small, dry sticks and twigs, while indoors newspaper will work just fine. In especially wet conditions, cedar bark, cattail down and birch bark are ideal materials. Make sure to keep them in a dry place as you gather several handfuls to start your fire.
 - Assemble your tinder in a loose pile at the center of where you'd like to build your fire. Elevating the tinder slightly on a platform of small stick is a good way to assure that tinder won't get wet, and that the necessary amount of air will be able to circulate. This circulation is necessary for your fire to burn properly.
 - Kindling. This is wood that's slightly larger than tinder, usually a bit less than an inch in diameter. This will burn easily and get your fire going, building a coal bed under your larger wood. Make sure this is dry. Make sure you choose sticks and twigs that have been off the ground, ideally these would be in the branches of trees and deadfalls.
 - Logs. You know what these look like. Usually a few inches in diameter, this is the wood that will go on your fire last, that'll build it up to the right size and keep it burning for awhile. You'll want to make sure this is dry before you use it. Some wood burns better than others. Select hardwoods or firs, avoid things such as basswood and poplar.
 - Building an Outdoor Campfire
 - Make sure you're away from trees, bushes, or anything that burns. You don't want to be starting any forest fires. Also, if you're at a campsite, double-check that fires are permitted in the area. Ideally, this location will be protected from the wind to make it easier when you start your fire.
 - To ensure that your tinder stays dry, build a small platform of sticks in the spot you intend to have the fire. Place the tinder in a loose pile (again, you want air circulation) at the center of this platform. This platform will also help air circulate to the fire as it grows.
 - The teepee structure truly is the best fire for most applications. Divide your kindling in different sizes from smallest to largest. Once your tinder is lit and burning, place your smallest kindling in a teepee formation on top of the tinder (watch your fingers). Once that has caught, place the next largest kindling in a teepee on that, and so on.
 - Once you've reached your largest kindling pile, prepare to add your logs, again from smallest to largest. If any of your logs appear to be damp, reserve those until you have a good bed of coals and are positive your fire cannot go out.
You have successfully lit a fire, congratulations.
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Activity Plan for Respect Wildlife
Exploring Respect for Wildlife
This activity should take about 70 minutes.
What Your Group Will Learn
After participating in this activity plan, which calls for participants to
observe impacts on wildlife, participants will be able to
- Describe what activities cause impacts to wildlife.
- Identify the actions that
can be taken to minimize impacts to wildlife.
Your participants are going on an imaginary hike to a marshland area where
they will encounter a flock of ducks, a doe, and a fawn. This activity will help
them think about their potential impacts to wildlife and how these impacts can
Materials and Preparation
- A garden hose or some other means of marking the marshland
- Duck decoys, silhouettes, or pictures of ducks
- Pictures or silhouettes of a doe and fawn deer
- Read the entire lesson plan and the Background on the
Principles of Leave No Trace thoroughly.
- Lay out the garden hose or some other means or marking the
- Place the duck, doe, and fawn pictures or silhouettes in the
Grabbing Your Group's Attention (20 minutes)
Explain to participants that they will be hiking along a trail and will come
to a marsh area with ducks, a doe, and a fawn. Ask them to explain the actions
they will take so they do not disturb the ducks and deer.
Steps for Teaching the Activity (30 minutes)
How Wild Is Wildlife?
The participants will demonstrate the techniques they feel will help minimize
impact to wildlife in the marshland area. After demonstrating these techniques,
group members will move past the marshland. The activity will help them become
more aware of their potential effects on wildlife and how they can avoid
As they approach the marked marshland, ask group members to
demonstrate how they will avoid disturbing the wildlife and how they will be
able to tell if they were successful.
After participants have passed the
marshland, ask them why they used the techniques they did to minimize their
impacts to the ducks and deer in the marsh. Ask them if there are any other
techniques they could use. Emphasize that the best means of determining their
success is the degree to which the wildlife may have altered their normal
behavior. In contrast, if the ducks fly or the deer run away quickly, you know
you have gotten too close.
Quick movement and loud noises are stressful to
animals. Considerate campers should
- Observe wildlife from afar to avoid
- Give animals a wide berth, especially during breeding, nesting,
and birthing seasons.
- Store food securely so wildlife will not be attracted to
- Keep garbage and food scraps away from animals so they will not acquire bad
Remember, you are too close to an animal if it alters its normal activities.
Wrapping Up the Activity (15 minutes)
Your group is considerate of wildlife needs and knows how to respect
wildlife. Group members also know the techniques for minimizing their impact on
wildlife and means of determining if they have been successful. Do the
- Discuss some of the local areas participants might visit
that have wildlife. What additional techniques or specific precautions
should they use to avoid disturbing the wildlife species in these areas?
- Talk about the behavior of some group members or the
behavior observed of others on previous outdoor activities that may have
disturbed wildlife. What could have been done differently to avoid
disturbing the wildlife? How can the group help encourage others to keep
Congratulations on conducting a well-prepared meeting for your group!
Visit a local wildlife refuge and have the wildlife managers explain how they
recommend viewing wildlife species at the refuge without disturbing them in the
wild. Take a walk with the wildlife manager around the refuge to practice the


text:
OPEN cursor_name OPEN cursor_name USING value [,... ] OPEN cursor_name USING SQL DESCRIPTOR descriptor_name
OPEN opens a cursor and optionally binds actual values to the placeholders in the cursor's declaration. The cursor must previously have been declared with the DECLARE command. The execution of OPEN causes the query to start executing on the server.
The name of the cursor to be opened. This can be an SQL identifier or a host variable.
A value to be bound to a placeholder in the cursor. This can be an SQL constant, a host variable, or a host variable with indicator.
The name of a descriptor containing values to be bound to the placeholders in the cursor. This can be an SQL identifier or a host variable.
EXEC SQL OPEN a; EXEC SQL OPEN d USING 1, 'test'; EXEC SQL OPEN c1 USING SQL DESCRIPTOR mydesc; EXEC SQL OPEN :curname1;
Please use this form to add your own comments regarding your experience with particular features of PostgreSQL, clarifications of the documentation, or hints for other users. Please note, this is not a support forum, and your IP address will be logged. If you have a question or need help, please see the faq, try a mailing list, or join us on IRC. Note that submissions containing URLs or other keywords commonly found in'spam' comments may be silently discarded. Please contact the webmaster if you think this is happening to you in error.
Proceed to the comment form.


Raumfahrt - Creation Of A Defence Space Agency: A New Chapter In Exploring India's Space Security
Outer space exploration has turned into a key part of a modern society's functionality with several services including weather, communication, Internet, banking and navigation, supported by satellites orbiting the Earth.
India being one of the major actors in outer space has in many ways led the usage of satellites for the benefit of the society. With the space infrastructure of India powering the economy, is there a case for exploring the defence of these vital systems?
Moreover, given that the geopolitics and security scenarios are changing with respect to the utilisation of outer space, should India explore its capabilities and capacities built in the country for the past 50 years for dedicated space defence operations?
The present work provides insights on the key question as to are we or are we not at a tipping point where the government needs to draw a vision in securing national interests via creation of a Defence Space Agency as an interim arrangement until a full-fledged Aerospace Command is in place. If so, what are its technological, organisational and policy facets?
The case for India's utilisation of outer space has traditionally been to "harness space technology for national development, while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration". Today, the global space economy is a key part of modern society infrastructure, providing connectivity, insights of the Earth from space and navigational support.
In terms of financials, the space economy grew by 9 percent in 2014, reaching a total of $330 billion worldwide, with commercial space activities making up 76 percent of the global space economy with a growth of 9.7 percent (2014).
Raumfahrt+Astronomie-Blog von CENAP [-cartcount]


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near the sea, and on salt-treated roads inland.
The map caption comments are derived from STACE C 1997 New Flora of the British Isles. 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press.
The following extract was written by Fred Fincher (Trans. Worcs. Nats Club 1952, Vol 10, part 4, pages 265-269: Worcestershire has long been noted for its maritime plants and the earliest record appears to be Glyceria maritima (now Pucinellia maritima) Common Saltmarsh grass in1796 near the Droitwich Canal. Most were solitary records, and the plants never established themselves, but several are well-established and still maintain their hold. On the Keuper Marl the main area of interest is at Droitwich where brine has been known and worked since Roman times. A few plants have been recorded near Tewkesbury. Here, before Longdon and Welland Marshes were drained and various locks and weirs constructed, the Severn was tidal to well above Tewkesbury and the low-lying ground would have been inundated with saline water during floods.... He then lists the plants with comments. Many have now vanished since 1952: our current best saltmarsh has developed at Upton Warren. All very different from the modern roadside invaders.
|WBRC Home||Worcs Record Listing by Issue||Worcs Record Listing by Subject|


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FREE SHIPPING on all professional books
Powerful Writing Structures
Brain pocket strategies for supporting a year-long writing program
This timely book uses thinking structures to deepen student writing. It revolves around "brain pockets" to help students appreciate the qualities of different writing forms. Some powerful examples include memory pockets for personal narrative writing, fact pockets for nonfiction, and imagination pockets for story writing. Detailed lesson plans are featured along with sample anchor books and book lists. Based on extensive classroom testing, student samples throughout the book illustrate this unique approach to teaching writing.


text:
1. When does the period Ross covers in 'Unintended Consequences' begin?
2. What genre is 'Unintended Consequences'?
3. For what topic does the first chapter "Seeds" lay the foundation for?
4. Who was Ad Topperwine?
5. Who did Ad Topperwine work for?
6. What is Ad Topperwine testing in the first chapter?
7. Who designed the weapon Ad Topperwine is testing?
8. What does Ad Topperwine have in common with the designer?
9. What do Ad Topperwine and the designer support?
This section contains 4,046 words
(approx. 14 pages at 300 words per page)


Skip to main content
How to Export an Apple Keynote Presentation as Multiple Files
Apple Keynote presentations are great to work in, but not everyone owns the software itself, or a Mac to run it on. For those other users, it's convenient that you can save a Keynote deck in a number of different formats.
Here's how to export a Keynote presentation as a PDF, PowerPoint file, QuickTime video, HTML file, folder of images or a legacy Keynote file.
1. Click File.
2. Select Export To.
3. Select an option.
4. PDF exports allow you to include your notes, transitions, skipped (hidden) slides and allow you to require a password and select image quality.
5. Powerpoint presentations can be locked with a password and saved in.pptx and.ppt formats. For compatibility, save as.ppt.
6. QuickTime movie exports allow for custom transition times and selections between 1024 x 768, 720p and 1080p formats.
7. HTML exports let browsers open your presentation. This would be for slide decks with hyperlinked content.
8. Images produces JPEGs, PNGs or TIFFs of each slide.
9. Keynote '09 allows you to create files compatible with the previous version, and gives the option to add a locking password
You've exported your Keynote deck!


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3 protections you lose by pleading guilty to a DWI
When facing a charge for a DWI in St. Louis, it is important to let reason and common sense prevail instead of fear and intimidation. A criminal charge is not the same as a conviction. Unless a guilty verdict is reached, you have rights and the presumption of innocence on your side as long as you do not plead guilty. Regardless of how much evidence you think there is against you, it is possible to overcome a DWI charge. One of the first things you can do to improve your situation is to protect your rights by not giving them up.
It may seem like the fastest way to deal with a DWI charge and move on is to plead guilty or "no contest" to avoid trial. Though that is often the quickest route to resolution, it is not a decision you should make lightly, especially if you want to minimize the consequences and long-term impact of drunk driving or operating-while-under-the-influence charge. Below are a few of the rights and protections you lose by pleading guilty to a crime.
1. Protection against self-incrimination
Everything you say and do from the moment of your arrest until the time of sentencing is subject to law enforcement scrutiny and can become evidence to secure a guilty verdict. Entering a guilty plea strips you of this valuable right/protection and can potentially increase the consequences you face and lead to additional charges.
2. Ability to file an appeal
A trial conviction is not the end of the road. If you go to trial and end up with a conviction, you have the right to file an appeal. A guilty plea forgoes the trial. If there is no trial, there is no avenue for appeal and the possibility of having a DWI conviction overturned or to receive a lesser sentence.
3. Shifts the burden of proof from the prosecutor
In a trial, prosecutors must use the evidence, their knowledge of the law and all relevant resources. In other words, they must prove beyond a reasonable doubt you are guilty. This burden of proof is not easy, especially in DWI cases, as many factors can affect the outcome of a case.
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