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Mustela altaica is found in mountains of Asia, from Russian Central Asia to Korea to northern India.
The mountain weasel lives chiefly in mountains at elevations up to 3,500 m or more. It may be found in mixed taiga, highland steppes, or above timberline among heaps of stones However, observations suggest this species may be able to live in a larger range of habitats (sand dunes, among reeds, etc). It may live near human habitations and nests in rock crevices, among tree roots, or in burrow of rodents. (Novikov, 1962)
M. altaica generally resembles M. sibiricus but is smaller, with shorter fur, and a less luxuriant tail.
Males exhibit head and body length of 22 to 29 cm, with the tail adding 11 to 15 cm. Males can weigh from 217 to 350 g. Females measure 22 to 25 cm, with tails of 9 to 12 cm. They weigh from 122 to 220 g.
This species undergoes spring and autumn molts. The winter coat is dark yellowish to ruddy brown on the back, with pale yellow to creamy white on throat and belly. The upper head between the muzzle and ears is usually darker gray-brown. The tail may be more rufous than the back. the summer fur is gray to gray-brown with some light yellow. The lips of these weasles are white, and the chin has grayish-brown to whitish vibrissae.
Although the mating system of M. altaica has not been described, other species of the genus are typically polygynous. Males are known to compete for access to females, and some of their fights can be severe. Based upon the large size dimorphism in M. altaica, it is reasonable to assume that the same mating system prevails. (Nowak, 1999)
According to observations in Kazakhstan, mating occurs in February or March. Young are seen at the beginning of May. Gestation lasts 30-49 days. The variablility reported for the length of gestation may be due to delayed implantation of fertilized eggs--a feature common in other members of the genus. Litters are 1-8 young. Lactation lasts 2 months, following which young begin to lead independent lives, but remain together with litter mates until fall.
Although the timing of reproductive maturity in this species has not been reported, it is likely that like other members of the genus, young are able to breed in the following season, when they are just under a year of age. (Novikov, 1962; Nowak, 1999)
Mustelids are born helpless, with eyes closed and fur not well developed. These altricial young are carred for in a burrow by the mother.
Longevity hs not been reported for this species, but for similarly sized members of the genus Mustela, there is very little variation in longevity. These animals live between 7 and 10 years. It is reasonable to assume a simlilar lifespan for M. altaica. (Nowak, 1999)
Mountain weasels are chiefly nocturnal, but occasionally hunt during the day. They are very quick and agile, able to swim and climb as well as run. When faced with danger, these animals may make loud chirring sounds and eject a strong-smelling secretion from their anal glands.
Infomration on the sociality of this species is not available, but most members of the genus are relatively solitary, except for mating and for the continued assoication of littermates until the end of their first summer. (Novikov, 1962)
The home range size for these animals is not known.
Communication has not been described for this species. However, as mustelids go, communication typically involves a variety of forms. Vocalizations are made when animals are threatened. Tactile communication occurs between rival males, between mates, and between a mother and her offspring. Chemical communication occurs in all of the stinky mustelids. There is probably also some visual communication, as these animals do have fairly good vision.
Voles and pikas form a major portion of the mountain weasel's carnivorious diet. These animals may also capture muskrats, ground squirrels, young rabbits, small birds, lizards (during summer months), and to a lesser extent frogs, fish, and insects. M. altaica has also been observed to eat juniper berries in some regions. Observations in capativity suggest daily requirements of flesh are 45-54 g (3-4 domestic mice) in an adult male, though it may kill considerably more in the wild. When rodents abound, these animals are thought to eat only the blood and brain. (Novikov, 1962)
Predators for these animals have not been reported. Mustelids in general are very fierce, and might not be a good choice of prey for terrestrial mammalian predators, which could expect these weasles to put up a good fight. Primary predators are probably avian, such as owls and hawks.
As a predatory species, M. altaica probably plays an important role in regulating the populations of small mammals, such as mice and voles.
Mountain weasles are considered beneficial in agricultural areas because they exterminate rodents which can be agricultural pests. Some trade of fur occurs, but pelts have low trade value and thus are of not much commercial importance. The fur is usually dyed. (Novikov, 1962; Nowak, 1999)
This species may occasionally attack domestic fowl when found near human habitation. (Novikov, 1962)
With several known subspecies, and a very broad range, these animals are not currently a conservation concern.
Some populations of the mountain weasel are subject to extreme fluctuations, apparently depending on food conditions. Mass mortality may occur due to unknown diseases and fires. (Stroganov, 1969)
Nancy Shefferly (editor), Animal Diversity Web.
Ellen Sherrill (author), Humboldt State University, Brian Arbogast (editor), Humboldt State University.
living in the northern part of the Old World. In otherwords, Europe and Asia and northern Africa.
uses sound to communicate
living in landscapes dominated by human agriculture.
young are born in a relatively underdeveloped state; they are unable to feed or care for themselves or locomote independently for a period of time after birth/hatching. In birds, naked and helpless after hatching.
having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror-image halves. Animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides, as well as anterior and posterior ends. Synapomorphy of the Bilateria.
an animal that mainly eats meat
uses smells or other chemicals to communicate
active at dawn and dusk
in mammals, a condition in which a fertilized egg reaches the uterus but delays its implantation in the uterine lining, sometimes for several months.
in deserts low (less than 30 cm per year) and unpredictable rainfall results in landscapes dominated by plants and animals adapted to aridity. Vegetation is typically sparse, though spectacular blooms may occur following rain. Deserts can be cold or warm and daily temperates typically fluctuate. In dune areas vegetation is also sparse and conditions are dry. This is because sand does not hold water well so little is available to plants. In dunes near seas and oceans this is compounded by the influence of salt in the air and soil. Salt limits the ability of plants to take up water through their roots.
animals that use metabolically generated heat to regulate body temperature independently of ambient temperature. Endothermy is a synapomorphy of the Mammalia, although it may have arisen in a (now extinct) synapsid ancestor; the fossil record does not distinguish these possibilities. Convergent in birds.
union of egg and spermatozoan
forest biomes are dominated by trees, otherwise forest biomes can vary widely in amount of precipitation and seasonality.
An animal that eats mainly insects or spiders.
fertilization takes place within the female's body
offspring are produced in more than one group (litters, clutches, etc.) and across multiple seasons (or other periods hospitable to reproduction). Iteroparous animals must, by definition, survive over multiple seasons (or periodic condition changes).
having the capacity to move from one place to another.
This terrestrial biome includes summits of high mountains, either without vegetation or covered by low, tundra-like vegetation.
the area in which the animal is naturally found, the region in which it is endemic.
active during the night
having more than one female as a mate at one time
an animal that mainly eats blood
breeding is confined to a particular season
remains in the same area
reproduction that includes combining the genetic contribution of two individuals, a male and a female
associates with others of its species; forms social groups.
uses touch to communicate
Coniferous or boreal forest, located in a band across northern North America, Europe, and Asia. This terrestrial biome also occurs at high elevations. Long, cold winters and short, wet summers. Few species of trees are present; these are primarily conifers that grow in dense stands with little undergrowth. Some deciduous trees also may be present.
that region of the Earth between 23.5 degrees North and 60 degrees North (between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle) and between 23.5 degrees South and 60 degrees South (between the Tropic of Capric


FBAA Code of Ethical Conduct
 1. This Code of Ethical Conduct (Code) applies to Members of the Federation of Bloodstock Agents Australia (FBAA).
 2. The purpose of this Code is to specify enforceable rules and standards of ethical conduct for Members of the FBAA.
 3. The Code includes ethical business practices and specific industry requirements. It should be interpreted broadly, rather than by narrow and strict interpretation.
 4. The objects of this Code are to ensure that:
 (a) Members meet a high standard of integrity and transparency;
 (b) the interests of the Principal are protected when using the services of a Member; (c) the standing of the FBAA represents best practice in thoroughbred transactions.
 5. The Code is developed in consultation with stakeholders. The Code is reviewed annually to ensure it remains effective and current. Provisions of this Code of Conduct may be amended from time to time as specific industry expectations and business practices change, by majority agreement of the Members. Amendments shall have effect from the date on which the FBAA Members Agreement is signed by Members.
 6. Members should inform clients of the Code (in a manner reasonable for the circumstances, such as on Member's website) and their right to report a breach of the Code to the FBAA.
 1. In this Code of Conduct the following terms have the meaning assigned to them:
 'Associate Member' means a specific company with a representative invited to attend certain FBAA meetings on occasion.
 'Bill of Sale' means a written statement attesting to the sale of Bloodstock to a buyer dated and signed by both the buyer and the seller or a designated representative thereof.
 'Bloodstock' means all or any interest in a thoroughbred, stallion share or stallion nomination. 'Member' means any bloodstock agent who is an official Member of the Federation of Bloodstock Agents Australia, it also includes the company and its employees.
 'Principal' means a person or entity who, either formally or informally, appoints a Bloodstock Agent to represent and or advise them in the sale or purchase of bloodstock, stallion share or nomination as in the definition above.
 'Principal Racing Authority' means the body that supervises and controls thoroughbred racing in each Country, State and/or Territory.
 'Rules of Racing' means the Australian Rules of Racing approved by the Australian Racing Board to ensure thoroughbred horse racing in all States and Territories of Australia is conducted according to the same general practices, conditions and integrity. It also means the rules that are issued by Principal Racing Authorities specific to each State and Territory.
 1. FBAA Members must not engage in:
 (a) illegal or unlawful conduct;
 (b) professional misconduct;
 (c) unsatisfactory professional conduct2 of the standard and diligence that a member of the public is entitled to expect of a Member; or
 (d) would bring the integrity of the bloodstock industry into disrepute.
 2. Members must disclose any transaction commission, rebate or payment, received or shared with third parties, to the Principal.
 3. When a member is in receipt of commission from a seller (including any stud in relation to the sale of a stallion nomimation) they must disclose to the seller and Principal if that commission is split with a third party and the amount of the split.
 4. Members must at all times act in accordance with the best interests of their Principal. This means that Members must:
 (a) not communicate any false or misleading information to anyone that may impact the value or perception of a horse they know to be under the Principal's consideration and
(b) relay to their Principal any offer in its entirety that they receive to purchase a horse in respect of which they are acting as a selling Agent for the Principal.
Conflicts of Interest
 1. Members must not place themselves in a position where:
 (a) their personal interests conflict with the obligations that they owe to a Principal; or
 (b) the obligations that they owe to one Principal conflict with the obligations that they owe to another Principal;
 unless prior consent is obtained after full disclosure has been made to the Principal.
 2. Members must minimise the potential adverse impact of conflict of interest by disclosing business interests to the Principal. Specific disclosure includes, but is not limited to:
 (a) bloodstock in respect of which they are acting as an Agent for: (i) themselves;
 (ii) any Member of their immediate family;
 (iii) their company or any Member of their company; or
 (iv) an entity in which they have an ownership interest (other than a listed public company).
 (b) third parties with whom they have a retainer; or
 (c) third parties with whom they engage in regular dealings; or
 (c) where they are or should reasonably be aware they will or are likely to benefit,
 this requires ethical judgement to be made by the Member as to whether a real or perceived conflict of interest may adversely arise.
 3. Regarding bloodstock advice to a Principal, Members must not: (a) knowingly make any statement that is false or misleading; or
 (b) engage in any conduct, or enter into any arrangement, that is intended to falsely alter the price at which it is sold, or which is likely to have that effect.
 1. Members must take reasonable action to ensure they have sufficient understanding of the rules governing racing and other knowledge to properly undertake their business activities.
 2. Members must only undertake work in which they are competent and maintain competency in their work through continuing professional development.
Fair Trading
Members must compete fairly in the market and not attempt to displace or compete with another member by any improper or unfair means.
 1. Members must ensure that where they act for a Principal the terms of their engagement are disclosed in written or verbal form unless the Principal verbally waives
 such requirement as time does not allow for it.
 2. Members must complete a written Bill of Sale for all private transations which is dated and signed by both the buyer and the seller or a designated representative
 thereof. The completed and signed Bill of Sale must be provided by the Member to the Principal in a timely manner.
 1. When acting for a Principal, Members must preserve the confidentially of the Principal's information and any information as to the existence of a Bloodstock
 transaction or negotiations in connection with it; and all information (in whatever form) contained in any discussions, reports, papers or analyses relating to the
 Bloodstock transaction.
 2. Confidential information relating to the Principal or the Bloodstock transaction must only be disclosed as authorised by the client or with the Principal's consent, or as
 required by law, or any relevant Rules of Racing.
 1. When a Member knows of illegal Bloodstock conduct they are obliged to report it to an appropriate Principal Racing Authority, in accordance with the law, where
 their disclosure is protected by law.
 2. Collectively, Members are responsible for upholding the standards of the Association and should report breaches of the Code to the FBAA Complaints Advisory
 1. Breaches of the Code will be dealt with through the FBAA Conduct Review and Disciplinary System. It is intended that the system is accessible, independent, reasonable, fair, effective and accountable. A breach of the Code includes non-compliance with the Code's rules and guidelines, illegal or unlawful conduct, unsatisfactory professional conduct and professional misconduct not specified in the Code.
 2. A complaint about bloodstock industry misconduct that does not involve a Member can be made to the FBAA Complaints Advisory Panel, who will direct it to the appropriate Principal Racing Authority.
 Complaints Advisory Panel
 3. If any Principal or Principal's representative who has sold or purchased bloodstock (complainant) considers that a Member involved in the sale or purchase (respondent) has failed to comply with this Code, the complainant may make application to the Complaints Advisory Panel (the Panel) for assistance to resolve the dispute.
 4. The Panel will comprise three persons who have the following qualifications:
 (1) an experienced legal practitioner, who will chair the Panel;
 (2) the appointed President of the FBAA;
 (3) an independent person held in high esteem and character in the thoroughbred industry, with significant relevant experience and high business integrity.
 5. Advisory Panelists 27.(1) and (3) will be appointed by Member poll, from a shortlist of eligible and willing persons collated by the President after consultation with Members, within two [2] weeks of a vacancy coming available.
 6. The Complaints Advisory Panel will be reviewed annually to ensure Panelists are eligible and willing persons for the role.
 7. If a Panelist has a conflict of interest with the complainant or respondent, they will be replaced for this complaint report;
 (a) Panelist 27.(1) will be replaced by a different person who fits the criteria of 27.(1);
 (b) Panelist 27.(2) and 27.(3) will be replaced by a different person who fits the criteria of 27 (3);
 as agreed by the two remaining panelists.
 8. A complaint report may be filed using the online form or in person to a Member of the Panel.
 9. If the Panel receives a complaint it will:
 (a) disclose the complaint report to the respondent within five [5] days;
 (b)


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SyriamArticle Free Pass
Syriam, town and port, southwestern Myanmar (Burma). It is situated on the Yangon River, a tributary of the Irrawaddy River, opposite Yangon (Rangoon). Formerly part of the Mon kingdom, Syriam subsequently became a port of the Portuguese and French. In 1756 Alaungpaya (1714–60), the Myanmar king, conquered the Mon and their French allies, whom he put into slavery; the town was destroyed in these actions and had little significance until the 20th century, when the British began drilling for oil in the Irrawaddy basin near Chauk and sent the oil to Syriam for refining. Asphalt gathering for the weatherproofing of houses was a traditional petroleum-related activity of Mon workers. Oil production declined during World War II when Japan occupied the country, from 1941 to 1945, and again as Burma declared its independence from Britain in 1948. The Syriam refinery was restored in 1957 and underwent expansion in 1979 with Japanese assistance. In 1979 a pipeline was completed between Syriam and the Mann oil field. Syriam has a tanker terminal, and oil exploration is carried on in the Gulf of Martaban. Paved roads extend from Syriam to Yangon and Pegu. Pop. (1993 est.) 56,654.
What made you want to look up "Syriam"? Please share what surprised you most...

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
- in Collectibles
Comments Off on An Overview To Buying Gold Paydirt
In the mining industry, people can find mining terms. Paydirt is one of the famous mining terms. It refers to dirt that contains sufficient minerals in it. Therefore, it is worth mining. When paying for gold dirt, you risk. It might be a profitable or loss-making venture. Here are the things you must know if you want to buy a gold paydirt.
The Minerals Present
Before you pay for minerals, ensure you assess it. People should identify dirt in the mining field that is likely to produce a significant amount of minerals.
The Price
Anyone selling gold ores will demand a significant amount of money. But if you do not want to risk your money. Choose an affordable one.
The Size of Gold minerals
The bigger the gold ore you buy, the more the number of gold ores you might get. Thus, choose large fields of gold ores.
People who want gold ore can consider buying gold ores. Who knows? They might come up with many minerals and make a significant profit.
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Making Sustainable Women's Slippers
With over 300 million pairs of shoes being


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Accession Number : AD0736237
Title : Modification of the General Structural Analysis Program (SAP) for Dynamic Loads.
Descriptive Note : Final rept. Jan-Dec 71.
Corporate Author : CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Report Date : DEC 1971
Pagination or Media Count : 14
Abstract : A general structural analysis program (SAP) was modified to permit analysis for dynamic loads by direct step-by-step integration. The theory for the development of the step-by-step method is summarized in this report. Also, a description of the use of the program and its limitation is given. (Author)
Descriptors : (*STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES, COMPUTER PROGRAMS), ELASTIC PROPERTIES, EQUATIONS OF MOTION, ALGORITHMS, DAMPING, MATRICES(MATHEMATICS)
Subject Categories : Computer Programming and Software
Structural Engineering and Building Technology
Distribution Statement : APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Field Trip Introduction
In the fall of 2011 ten students and their two professors embarked on a geographical journey to the isolated Hawaiian islands, but specifically, to the island of Hawai'i. What we saw and did there was not only fun, but provided us with a valued learning experience that we will all positively cherish for the rest of our lives. We spent the majority of our days traveling around the island, and making stops at locations of physical and cultural significance within the realm of geography. These stops included state and national parks, beautiful beaches, local businesses, historic sites, and any other places our professors deemed relevant learning opportunities. This weblog chronicles our ten day adventure throughout the island, as seen through the eyes of a geographer.
Banner photo by Ezra Zeitler


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||The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (May 2009)
Modern primitives or urban primitives are people in developed nations who engage in body modification rituals and practices while making reference or homage to the rite of passage practices in "primitive cultures" These practices may include body piercing, tattooing, play piercing, flesh hook suspension, corset training, scarification, branding, and cutting. The motivation for engaging in these varied practices may be personal growth, rite of passage, or spiritual or sexual curiosity.
Roland Loomis, also known as Fakir Musafar, is considered the father of the modern primitive movement. The 1989 RE/Search book Modern Primitives is largely responsible for the promotion of the concept of modern primitivism.


How to Remove a Moen Dialcet
Cameron Easey
A Moen dialcet or cartridge is used with a single handle faucet that you turn to provide a mixture of hot and cold water when taking a shower. When only the hot and cold water is working, the dialcet or cartridge may need to be examined. This can be done by first removing the dialcet or cartridge from the faucet that is installed in the shower.
A dialcet is a single handle shower faucet cartridge.
 1. Turn off the shut-off valves for the shower. If the shower does not have shut-off valves you will need to turn off the main water supply valve for your house. Turn the shut-off valve counterclockwise or to the left to shut off the valve.
 2. Find and remove the screw that is used to secure the handle to the faucet with the screwdriver. Pull out the retainer clip that is located behind the handle with the pliers.
 3. Remove the cartridge that is inserted in the valve body with the pliers. Grab onto the cartridge with the pliers and then pull it out.
 4. Shake the cartridge up and down. It should sound like a ball being shaken in a paint can. If there is no sound, the cartridge will need to be cleaned.
 5. Reinstall the dialcet once it has been cleaned or replace it with a new one.


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Adding white space around your images can make it easier for the PDF Maker to properly tag your documents for accessibility when it does the conversion from Microsoft Word to the PDF document format.One way to add white space is by placing your cursor immediately after each image and adding a few carriage returns. However, a better way to add the white space is to use the Paragraph Styles built into Microsoft Word.
Adding alternative text will make the images in your Adobe Acrobat documents more accessible to people who have visual disabilities. However, when you use a decorative image, the image does not any valuable information. To ensure that this kind of image is skipped by a screen reader, you should mark it up as a background object.
Adding alternate (alt) text to your images will make your Microsoft Word documents more accessible to people who have visual impairments. This will also make any PDF documents created from your Microsoft Word documents more accessible as well.
The alt text is a description of the image that can be read to someone who has a visual impairment by screen reader software.
The key to creating a more accessible PDF document is to begin with a good source document in your word processing program. The five tips presented in this tutorial will allow you to create more accessible PDFs by adding accessibility features to your Microsoft Word documents before they are exported to the PDF format.
There is currently no way to add alternative text to images in a document created with Microsoft Office 2008 for the Mac. However, you can take advantage of the fact that the Mac has the ability to print to a PDF document as a built-in feature of the operating system. You can then use Adobe Acrobat to add the alternative text to the images in your PDF document.
While it may not be the best way to create a web page, many people only use Microsoft Word as their primary web authoring software. If you only have access to Microsoft Word as your web authoring software, you should make sure you add alt text to the images in your Word documents. Adding alt text to the images will ensure that these images can be properly described to screen reader users when they access the web pages created with Microsoft Word on a web browser.
Dreamweaver's preferences include a setting that will remind you to add alt text to each image as you add it to a web page.
The Web Developer Toolbar is a free add-on for the Firefox web browser. It can be downloaded from _URL_. A version of this toolbar is also available for the Chrome web browser from Google. This tutorial will show you how to use the Web Developer Toolbar to check the images on your web pages for appropriate alternative text.
Dreamweaver is one of the most popular web authoring tools used by web designers. This tutorial will show you how to add alt text to images in Dreamweaver.
The first principle of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) requires us to create content that is perceivable to people who have sensory disabilities. This includes people who are blind or visually impaired. One way to accommodate people with visual disabilities is to provide alternative text for the images used on your website.


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Mango was ranked second in the prioritisation of value chains conducted at the commencement of the EI-ADO project.
The study focuses on mango production in NTB and EJ. It encompasses multiple issues deemed important for an understanding of the structure of the various mango value chains (within study provinces), their conduct and performance, as well as their potential as a vehicle for poverty reduction. Emphasis is given to the constraints faced by farmers and other chain actors, and the opportunities available to them, in the wider context of the mango sub-sector and its position in international trade.
- Early-season cultivation for increasing the incomes of mango growers.
- Enabling export development to drive improvements in farm productivity and profitability and generate onand off-farm employment.
- Upstream development of export and other quality chains to deliver significant income benefits to mango growers through higher yields and prices, while also generating on-farm employment opportunities.
- Processing to help address the main issue of concern to value chain actors, i.e. depressed prices during the main season, while also generating employment opportunities, especially for women.


digestive health and pregnancyA few weeks ago, my husband asked me to make five salads for him so that he could have one for lunch each day. I cringed at the idea. It is so against everything I believe in.
I tell all of my fertility patients to stay away from raw and cold foods. When I start the "no raw foods" conversation with them, reactions range from shock to confusion. After all, in America, raw foods are quick and easy, and full of nutrition, right? Let me explain why you should be eating cooked foods, and how it will help you conceive.
Raw Food vs. Cooked
Let's think of your tummy as an oven. When you put something raw in the oven it take a lot longer to cook and uses a lot more energy than if you are heating something already cooked. Similarly when you eat raw and cold foods, it's going to take a lot more energy to digest than it would take to digest cooked foods. The organ system that is in charge of digestion is the spleen organ system. The spleen is a disposable organ in the Western Medicine world, but it's an indispensable organ in the Chinese Medicine world. It supplies the energy to nourish the body by extracting them from the foods we eat.
Foods and Your Organs
Each food is associated with a certain organ system. If the Spleen is overworked by eating excessive amounts of raw and cold foods, it becomes sluggish and energy production slows down. As a result, the rest of the body becomes sluggish as well, and the rest of the organ systems become malnourished. Symptoms of Spleen deficiency include fatigue (especially after a meal, known as the "food coma"), bloating, gas, loose bowel movements, bruising easily, heavy menstrual bleeding, and cold hands and feet.
Raw Foods and Fertility
How will all this impact your fertility? In addition to working hard to supply energy for the body, the Spleen has the additional tasks to send energy to the uterus every month to help thicken the lining, and sustain the pregnancy when conception occurs. When it's sluggish, the energy in the uterus will be sluggish. Not a good scenario when you are trying to get pregnant! When you eat warm foods, you nourish the spleen, in turn nourishing the rest of your body. Think of it as preheating the oven. You wouldn't want to throw a casserole in the oven without pre-heating it first. Same thing when it comes to getting pregnant. We want to preheat the uterine oven, so when that little embryo travels down to the uterus, it has an inviting home to become a sticky bean!


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Fort Saint Vrain
Fort Saint Vrain was an 1837 fur trading post built by the Bent, St. Vrain Company, and located at the confluence of Saint Vrain Creek and the South Platte River, about 20 miles (32 km) east of the Rocky Mountains in the unorganized territory of the United States. This area later became part of the State of Colorado. A historical marker notes the place where Old Fort St. Vrain once stood, today at the end of Weld County Road 40, located about seven miles north of Fort Vasquez, Colorado. Among those who helped to establish the fort was Ceran St. Vrain, after whom it was named.
William Clark, governor of the territory, granted the Bent, St. Vrain Co. a license to trade on November 8, 1836. Like neighboring forts, the structure was built as a two-story adobe structure whose walls encased an interior courtyard. It accommodated trade with Native American tribes and mountain men engaged in fur trapping. It resembled the adobe building and plaza reconstructed at Fort Vasquez and Bent's Old Fort.
Marcellin St. Vrain, Ceran's brother, managed the trading post. He employed such notable people as James Beckwourth, a mountain man, and Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, who was born to Sacajewea during the _PHONE_ Lewis and Clark Expedition. She helped guide the expedition with her husband, the trapper Toussaint Charbonneau.
After the Taos Revolt in 1847, the St. Vrain brothers both returned to St. Louis. After Ceran St. Vrain sold his shares of the Bent, St. Vrain Co., William Bent became sole proprietor by 1849. Bent moved to Fort St. Vrain temporarily before building a new Fort Bent in the Big Timbers area.
- Whiteley, Lee; The Cherokee Trail: Bent's Old Fort to Fort Bridger; Lee Whiteley; 1999; Johnson Printing; Boulder, Colorado; ISBN 0-_PHONE_-1-7
- Brotemarkle, Diane; Old Fort St. Vrain; Diane Brotemarkle; 2001; Johnson Printing; Boulder, Colorado; ISBN 0-_PHONE_-0-4
- Ubbelohde, Carl; Benson, Maxine; Smith, Duane A; A Colorado History: Third Edition; 1972; Pruett Publishing Co; Boulder Colorado


Coaching Basketball Defense
basketball defense
Learn how to play tough, smart basketball defense.
Coaching basketball is made easy with these helpful tips and popular drills for children that focus on defensive fundamentals.
How would you like to learn how to play the type of defense that intimidates and shuts down your opponent? The good news is… YOU can!
Defense in basketball is 90% desire and 10% ability
There are no excuses...
Even if you're not the quickest or tallest player on the court, you can make up for your physical limitations by working hard and playing smart.
Defense is a funny thing because just by turning up your intensity and aggressiveness you already become a better player.
The working hard part is up to you, but I can help you with the playing smart.
16 Basketball Drills for Children & Advanced Players
Try some fun competitive basketball defense games!
defense wins championships
If you're coaching basketball and want some help to teach defensive fundamentals, you might be interested in the following topics:
20 Keys to Smart, Aggressive Defense
On-the-Ball Defense: Basic Defensive Stance
Defensive Basketball Terms
When I watch elementary kids learning how to play the game, it doesn't take long to notice that their basketball defense needs a lot of help.
But that's to be expected.
Learning any new skill takes time and practice.
Defense in basketball is especially challenging because a lot of it feels pretty awkward at first, and some of the fundamentals go against your natural instincts at times.
Here's what I mean:
 - Good basketball defense requires you stay down in a low stance that can get pretty uncomfortable at times.
defense in basketball
It's a lot more comfortable to play defense standing up, so your legs don't get so tired.
As soon as you straighten your legs, your offensive player will blow by you.
 - Good defense requires keeping your body in a position that allows you to see the ball AND your player at the same time without having to turn your head.
It seems natural and a lot easier to turn your head and follow the ball with your eyes every time it's passed across the court.
As soon as you turn and lose sight of your player, she'll be gone.
 - Good defense in basketball requires you to stay open, so you can see everything happening on the court around you.
It seems natural to turn and face your offensive player, so you don't lose him.
As soon as you turn your back to the ball, you have a chance of getting knocked in the head with it, and you won't know if a teammate needs help.
 - Good basketball defense requires you to have quick hands that are constantly harassing the dribbler by trying to knock the ball away with palms facing up.
When you're guarding the dribbler, you'll be tempted to slap down on the ball to try and steal it.
As soon as you slap down, you'll be called for a foul.
coaching basketball
These are just a few of the seemingly "little things" that are much more important than you might think.They are the small details that separate good defensive players and teams from the rest.
There are way too many of these little defensive points to mention on this site. For additional coaching tips, check out the highly recommended books and collections of basketball drills I've posted on this page.
Whether you're learning how to play basketball or how to coach basketball defense, you'll find the following topics very helpful:
On-the-Ball Defense
Help-Side Defense
Denying the Pass
Guarding the Post
Screen Defense
Transition Defense
Team Defense
Man-to-Man Defense
Zone Defense
To help increase your defensive foot speed, try out some of our basketball agility drills.
Once the shot goes up, you want to make sure and secure the rebound. Check out some helpful rebounding tips and some rebounding drills that will take your game to the next level!
And when you get the steal, you need to be able to dribble the ball down the floor quickly and sink the breakaway lay-up!
Home > Basketball Defense


text:
A Caldecott medalist often called "the book that broke the color barrier" in mainstream children's publishing
Winter still has enough muscle here in New Jersey that the library was closed for snow yesterday. So I couldn't put my hands on a trailblazing book about the kind of weather we're having now, Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day (Puffin, 40 pp., $6.99, paperback, and other editions). And because I haven't read it, I'll have to quote an excellent reference book and hope that teachers, librarians or others will jump in with comments.
"Keats illustrated nearly a dozen books before writing his first, The Snowy Day, which won the 1963 Caldecott Medal," former children's librarian Mary Mehlman Burns writes in The Essential Guide to Children's Books and Their Creators (Houghton Mifflin, 2002), edited by Anita Silvey. "A celebration of color, texture, design, and childhood wonder, The Snowy Day is significant in that it was one of the first picture books in which a minority child is seen as Everychild. Years before, Keats had come across photos of a young boy, and he recalled that 'his expressive face, his body attitudes, the way he wore his clothes, totally captivated me.' The boy was to become Peter, who, in his red snowsuit, discovers the joys of dragging sticks and making tracks in the snow. After its publication, Keats found out that the photos had come from a 1940 Life magazine – he had retained the images for over 20 years.
"With solid and patterned paper as wedges of color, Keats _URL_ used collage to create endearing characters and energetic cityscapes, not only in The Snowy Day (1962) but also in Whistle for Willie (1964) and Peter's Chair (1964)."
A generation of readers – black and white – is grateful to The Snowy Day, sometimes called "the book that broke the color barrier" in picture books from mainstream publishers. One of the latest editions is a DVD-and-book gift set that Viking published in September and includes Whistle for Willie.
© 2008 Janice Harayda. All rights reserved.


text:
Technology transfer is the process of taking existing
knowledge, facilities or capabilities developed under research and development and using these findings to fulfil public and/or private needs.
Essentially, technology transfer brings scientific and research findings to
the marketplace. There are several technology transfer organizations and
offices operating in Alberta, on both a federal and provincial level. The
mandate of these offices is to assist inventors to protect, manage and
profit from their inventions. Technology transfer is concerned with ensuring
individuals intellectual property and maximizing the profit for the holders
of this property.
The main organizations in Alberta that deal with technology transfer include the
Alberta Research Council
Research Services Office at the University of Alberta,
University Technologies International Inc. at the University of Calgary, the
Alberta Inno-centre and the
Edmonton Innovation Centre. By providing a range of services, such as the preparation of a business plan, identification of and assistance with grant funding, or contacting potential financial investors, these organizations facilitate the transfer of research and scientific development to the global marketplace.
Technology transfer represents an important facet of
innovation in Alberta, past and present. It has touched the lives of
Albertans in overt and subtle ways and through all arms of industry. One
illustrative example is the technology transfer that has occurred within
the important realm of agriculture and agribusiness. For many decades,
District Agriculturists, employed by the provincial government, were
placed in communities across Alberta and were responsible for helping
communicate the benefits and possibilities of technology transfer to
farmers and agriculturalists, serving an important role in agricultural
innovation in our province.
Copyright © 2003
Heritage Community Foundation All Rights Reserved


text:
August 20, 2012
- coddle (verb)
- What does it mean?
- : to treat with extreme care : pamper
- How do you use it?
- "Big Ma was not one for coddling any of us, but now she turned from the stove and, wiping her hands on her long white apron, sat down on the bench and put her arm around Little Man." (Mildred D. Taylor, _Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry_)
- Are you a word wiz?
The "pamper" sense of "coddle" comes from an earlier meaning that had to do with a special kind of careful treatment given to something delicate. What do you think was treated so carefully?We're not going to coddle you, just tell you that A is the right answer. When "coddle" first came to be part of the English language around 1600, the word meant to cook something slowly and gently in water that is just below the boiling point. Usually eggs are what's being cooked when "coddle" is used in this sense today, but when "coddle" was first being used, other foods, especially fruit, were also cooked by coddling. Because coddling is a very gentle way to cook something, such gentle treatment led to the extended meaning of "to treat with extreme care, pamper."


INSTINCTS by José Parlá: A Topography of Memory
José Parlá is world renowned for bringing the energy and heart of "street art" to canvas, with works everywhere from the New World Trade Center to The British Museum in London. Globe-trotting and vibrant energy is nothing new to this Cuban, Miami-born artist. Raised in Puerto Rico and Miami, Parlá started creating at a young age, moving from drawing to painting on street walls, or writing. His unwavering drive to illuminate the beauty of writing, transforming it in the public mind from vandalism to true art. This show is no different, the bright colors commonly seen in graffiti cover dynamic canvasses illustrating topography of memories. In INSTINCTS, the viewer's interpretation gives the show its meaning, with each interpretation unique to the viewer. Memory. Time. Poetry. The title of each piece serves to guide the viewer through the show. Just as the walls of his youth functioned as palimpsests, the canvases in this show transformed with time. Creating the paintings simultaneously, Parlá used elements of each work in the other, even adding dried paint to his freestanding sculptural works. His presence in Dallas is widely welcomed, bringing high-energy pieces which prompt the viewer to look inward. Parlá has been an artist to watch for years, and he shows no signs of stopping. I had the pleasure of sitting down with him to gain a deeper understanding of his inspirations, process, and future projects.
INSTINCTS is the inaugural show at The Goss-Michael Foundation's new location, on view through November 11th. For more information click here.
1. How did you first start creating art? What was the driving force behind it?
My art making days started when I was around 5 years old when I became interested in drawing maps and mazes. The driving force could be identified as the love for art that existed in my family. My father was a film student and loved art and my mother originally taught me how to draw and my brother Rey who loves photography and experimenting with paint introduced me to the underground art of painting on walls, what we called writing back in those days.
2. What was the inspiration behind INSTINCTS?
INSTINCTS is inspired by words feelings drawn by words important to me at the time. Love, Place, Memory, History, Union, Poetry, and Time. I first wanted to make paintings in direct visual reaction to those words and what I feel from thinking of that while I paint. Secondly, I produced two sculptures, Modern / Ancient, and Changed Space. The sculptures and paintings all abstractions of the words that set up their creation. However retain the feeling of a real experience and place portrayed by the color, my imagination, and textures that allude to life's condition.
3. Were the pieces created simultaneously, or did you work on each separately?
Everything in the show was created simultaneously.
4. Although calligraphy is seen in some pieces of this show, it's much more subtle. Can you tell us more about your history with calligraphy, and its role within your works?
Calligraphy for me is a beautiful form of written drawing. When I began using stylistic writing as a teenager, it was more of a tool to write on walls, to write my name around the city. It was artistic and fun. Over the years, the calligraphy has become abstract and serves the purpose of signifier with a meaning that alludes syntax. The reader must use an emotional sensibility to adapt to its language.
5. You started creating art in the streets using graffiti, has your process changed now that you work on a more traditional canvas?
There are a lot of changes and differences between the streets and the studio. The process can be translated from outside into the canvas, for instance, speed and the style that I choose. I bring the energy from outdoors if I want to make the work more charged with intensity, or take the work into a more subtle path by imagining a whole new world that I am creating with paint. The experimental process can happen in both places....
6. What is the significance of the names of each piece?
The significance from the viewers perspective to the titles is up to how each person interprets the word with the visual.
My significance is freedom.
7. How should attendees view this show? What key element should they be aware of?
Be aware of everything. The key element to understanding any artist is time and research and getting to know what the artist has done before.
8. You're well-known for drawing inspiration from building walls in real life to illustrate in your pieces. Where did the material for the sculptures come from, and how are they connected to the paintings?
The materials for the sculptures are not from buildings in this case. These two sculptures we mentioned earlier are purely abstract works and because they are made from Instincts they are defined by their titles.
Modern / Ancient, and Changed Space.
9. How do you select the palate and colors for each piece or series?
The color in this project are purely mixed and specifically created from a Stream of Conscious Metamorphosis.
10. What should viewers take away after seeing INSTINCTS?
Anything the viewer wants and feels is up to them.
11. How has your work evolved over the years?
I've been painting a very long time, and the layers of my own history have evolved as I have as a person.
12. What are your upcoming projects?
This November and early December, I am working on a project titled Roots during Art Basel Miami Beach showing at Young Arts presented by Rolls Royce and The Savannah College of Art and Design.
Thank you to the incredible José Parlá for this interview, I highly recommend following him on Instagram (_USER_), viewing his website, and purchasing his books.
To follow my art adventures, visit Instagram _USER_ and _USER_.
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text:
You have seen the word "efficiency" in many of our resources but wonder what it really means? You need the definition of a word for a reference? Please find below a complete glossary of organizational assessment. With over 100 definitions available, this glossary should help you clarify the terms you need to understand organizational assessment in a comprehensive manner. You can find the words either by searching alphabetically or by selecting the exact word you are looking for in the list.
All definitions are taken from the following source:
OECD - Development Assistance Committee Network on Development Evaluation. (2002). Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results-Based Management. 40 pp.
This glossary is also available in French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, Italian, Japanese, Kiswahili, Russian, Swedish, and Turkish at the following website: _URL_
The definition of terms followed by an asterisk symbol (*) was either slightly modified for simplicity reasons or was taken from:
Lusthaus, C., Adrien, M.-H., Anderson, G., Carden, F. & Montalván, G. P. (2002). Organizational Assessment: A Framework for Improving Performance. 210 pp.
The book can be read, downloaded or even ordered at the following website _URL_


text:
Worried about toy safety during the holidays? Mass. Eye and Ear specialists offer some tips to avoid eye and ENT injuries.
Myles Standish sailed across the Atlantic in 1620 and joined the first Thanksgiving dinner in Plymouth in 1621. Seven generations later, another Myles Standish (1851–1928) became an ophthalmologist at Mass. Eye and Ear.
Tom Maholchic was just 25-years-old when a loud event brought on hyperacusis with pain, a debilitating condition in which everyday noises are agony.
Mass. Eye and Ear researchers have found that elderly people with hearing loss can triple their understanding of words in noisy situations by training on a custom audiomotor game.
CEO of Halen Brands and a trustee of Mass. Eye and Ear, Jason Cohen was diagnosed with tinnitus (ringing in the ears) after a bad fall while skiing. He relies on endless support from his family and his doctors, and hopes to help Mass. Eye and Ear make a difference one day.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I have a 1st-rder linear ODE system where the system is characterized by $A$. Given an initial state $x_0$, I want the state at some later time $t$, efficiently.
$A$ happens to be a symmetric tridiagonal matrix where the coefficients are the same in each diagonal line.
$$ A = \begin{pmatrix} a & b & 0 & 0 &... \\ b & a & b & 0 &... \\ 0 & b & a & b &... \\ 0 & 0 & b & a &... \\ \vdots &&\ddots&\ddots&\ddots\end{pmatrix} $$
I need to solve this for many different $A$'s and also many different $x_0$'s. The general solution to that is of course
$$x_t = e^{A t}x_0$$
One way to do this is to eigen-decompose $A$ into $A = F D F^\top$. Then the solution becomes
$$x_t = (F e^{D t} F^\top) x_0$$
Which is a little better because now the multiplication with $x_0$ is $O(n^2)$, but the eigen-decomposition is $O(n^3)$ still. But this doesn't take advantage of the constant values of $a$ and $b$ or the symmetric tridiagonal nature of $A$. So it seems like I should be able to do better.
share|improve this question
There is a nice paper on numerical computation of matrix exponential: Nineteen Dubious Ways to Compute the Exponential of a Matrix by Moler & Van Loan (this is an update of the original paper, 25 years later). – Jean-Claude Arbaut Apr 30 '14 at 22:17
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
I'm not aware of any special algorithms for computing matrix exponentials for matrices with tridiagonal structure, but you probably shouldn't be solving your ODE by directly computing the matrix exponential anyway. Computing matrix exponentials is a tricky business. There's a famous paper by Cleve Moler (inventor of MATLAB) and Charles van Loan that you should check out titled "Nineteen Dubious Ways to Compute the Matrix Exponential". It goes through a variety of schemes people have tried over the years and discusses the problems with each one. That's not to say it can't be done but that it's something that needs to be handled with care.
The good news is that there are plenty of ways to numerically solve your ODE without having to resort to the matrix exponential, and these are all almost certainly more efficient. As an example, consider Euler's method. You want the solution at time $t = t_f$ to $x'(t) = Ax(t)$ with initial condition $x(0) = x_0$. Pick $K + 1$ equally-spaced time-points $0 = t_0 < t_1 < \cdots < t_K = t_f$, and let $h = (t_f - t_0)/K$ be the spacing between them. Let $x_k$ denote the approximation to the solution at time $t_k$. Euler's method is just the iteration $x_{k + 1} = x_k + hAx_k$.
Each step requires one matrix-vector multiply and one addition of two vectors. Since your matrix is tridiagonal, the matrix-vector multiply will be $O(3n)$, and the vector addition will be $O(n)$. With $K + 1$ steps, you're looking at an overall computational complexity of $O(nK)$. As far as accuracy goes, Euler's method converges at a rate of $O(h) = O(K^{-1})$, so if you double the number of points you use, you cut the error in half.
If you want something with better convergence properties than Euler's method, there are many other possibilities. Some things to search for are "Runge-Kutta methods" and "one-step methods." More sophisticated methods require more function-evaluations (matrix-vector multiplies, in this case) at each time step but can attain better accuracy with fewer time steps.
At any rate, there's no need to do an $O(n^3)$ eigenvalue computation if you don't want to!
share|improve this answer
I didn't read your answer, it looks like we have read the same article ;-) – Jean-Claude Arbaut Apr 30 '14 at 22:19
You are able to find a closed form expression, only depending on $a$ and $b$, for the the eigenvalues and respective eigenvectors of your matrix $A$. In fact, you can prove that, for $a \neq 0$, the eigenvalues of $A$ are given by:
$$\lambda_j=b+2a \cos(\frac{j\pi}{n+1}), \, j=1,...,n$$ and the respective eigenvectors are known to be:
$${{\bf{v}}_j} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\sin \left( {\frac{{1j\pi }}{{n + 1}}} \right)}\\{\sin \left( {\frac{{2j\pi }}{{n + 1}}} \right)}\\ \vdots \\{\sin \left( {\frac{{nj\pi }}{{n + 1}}} \right)}\end{array}} \right], \, j=1,...,n$$
Thus you can very easily construct the matrices $F$ and $D$ in your decomposition. Also, since $D$ will always be diagonal, as the matrix $A$ is nonsingular, it's straightforward to compute $e^D$.
To get an idea how to get the expressions I mentioned see, for example:
Quick way of finding the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix $A=\operatorname{tridiag}_n(-1,\alpha,-1)$
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


think you know) it's not too hard to show that $\mathcal{T} \to Hom(\mathcal{S}, \mathbb{Z})$ and $\mathcal{S} \to Hom(\mathcal{T}, \mathbb{Z})$ are injections. This alone is enough to imply that the pairing is nondegenerate, hence becomes perfect after extending scalars to $\mathbb{Q}$.
So it suffices to show either that $\mathcal{T} \to Hom(\mathcal{S},\mathbb{Z})$ is surjective, or that $\mathcal{S} \to Hom(\mathcal{T},\mathbb{Z})$ is surjective (because the cokernels of these maps are finite groups of the same order, equal to the det of the matrix of the pairing with respect to $\mathbb{Z}$-bases of either side).
You seem to be trying to do the first, but the second is (I think) easier. Let $\phi \in Hom(\mathcal{T},\mathbb{Z})$ and consider the formal power series $f = \sum_{n \ge 1} \phi(T_n) q^n$. It's clear that $f \in \mathbb{Z}[[q]]$; but also that $f \in S_k(\Gamma, \mathbb{Q})$, so $f \in \mathcal{S}$. Clearly we have $(T_n, f) = a_n(f) = \phi(T_n)$ and thus we're done.
Now you can construct a "Miller-like" basis as follows. [EDIT: This doesn't actually work, see comments.] The $T_n$'s generate $\mathcal{T}$, so there is some finite subset which is a $\mathbb{Z}$-basis of $\mathcal{T}$; let these be $T_{n_1}, \dots, T_{n_d}$. Then there is a dual basis $f_1, \dots, f_d$ of $\mathcal{S}$ such that $(T_{n_i}, f_j) = \delta_{ij}$, and there are your Miller-like basis. (You can't necessarily take the $n_i$ to be $\{1, \dots, rk(\mathcal{S})\}$ though, as your example above shows.)
share|cite|improve this answer
Thank you for this nice answer... I have one comment on the last sentence though: take $n, m$ with $n \neq 1, m \neq 1$ and $(n,m)=1$ then $\mathbb{Z} = \mathbb{Z}n + \mathbb{Z}m$ but there is no subset of $\{n, m\}$ that is a basis for $\mathbb{Z}$, so... how precisely do you want to find these $T_{n_1},..., T_{n_d}$? – Fabian Werner Jan 24 '12 at 14:17
Maybe another comment: Isnt it true that Shimura also proves that there exists a basis $f_1,..., f_n$ of modular forms for $\Gamma(N)$ such that all the Fourier coefficients are integers? Furthermore, the Hecke algebra of $\Gamma(N)$ is commutative and looks quite similar to the one for $\Gamma_0(N)$, so i dont see a reason why the result should not hold for $\Gamma(N)$ as well... (?) – Fabian Werner Jan 24 '12 at 14:36
Yes, you are quite right; my argument does not, in fact, show that there is a finite subset of the $T_n$ that is a basis for $\mathcal{T}$. Sorry, dumb mistake. – David Loeffler Jan 24 '12 at 14:52
As for your second comment: everything I said for $\Gamma_0(N)$ goes over verbatim to any group $\Gamma$ intermediate between $\Gamma_0(N)$ and $\Gamma_1(N)$. Since we can conjugate $\Gamma(N)$ to a subgroup intermediate between $\Gamma_0(N^2)$ and $\Gamma_1(N^2)$, this covers the $\Gamma(N)$ case as well. But if you take some totally generic congrence subgroup $\Gamma$ of level $N$ it's not even clear how to define $T_p$ for $p$ dividing $N$; you can certainly take the double coset $\Gamma \begin{pmatrix} 1 0 0 p \Gamma$ but this might not do anything remotely nice on $q$-expansions. – David Loeffler Jan 24 '12 at 14:54
Sorry, that should say $\Gamma \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & p \end{pmatrix} \Gamma$, obviously. – David Loeffler Jan 24 '12 at 14:55
Your Answer


Functional electronic textiles for light emitting and colour changing applications
Lead Research Organisation: University of Southampton
Department Name: Sch of of Electronics and Computer Sci
Smart fabrics, or electronic-textiles (e-textiles), concern the addition of electronic functionality to standard textiles. Textiles are a ubiquitous material available in many forms and used in a huge range of applications from clothing to technical textiles that are applied in, for example, creative industries and medicine. This proposal addresses the fabrication of light emitting films on textiles and their application to achieve textile displays and colour-changing fabrics through research into electronically functional inks and using spray coating, inkjet and screen printing. Textiles are demanding substrates for device printing due to their rough surface topology, porosity and the constraints they impose on processing temperatures. The achievement of suitable functional materials along with reliable, consistent fabrication processes will have a huge impact in the textile, garment and creative industries. The ability to control the appearance of textiles through selective illumination and colour change will produce a step change in e-textile capability that will add value, function and product differentiation.
In particular, this programme of research will investigate the fabrication of textile organic light emitting electrochemical cells (OLECs) operating at visible and UV wavelengths. OLECs have the attractions of being electrochemically stable in air, require a low turn on voltage (~3V) and demonstrate a high luminance level (>800 cd/m2) allowing them to be clearly visible in everyday lighting. The OLEC structure requires only a single functional layer which makes it relatively straightforward to fabricate compared to, for example, OLED's. The ability to selectively emit different wavelengths of light will produce a step change in e-textile capability. Visible wavelength OLECs can be used to produce variable, controllable, light emitting patterns on the textile, which can be used in high visibility clothing or fashion applications. UV wavelength OLECs will enable a textile to perform ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), which is a disinfection method that uses short wavelength UVC light at 222 or 254 nm. Textile based UVGI can be incorporated into medical applications such as smart bandages to treat/prevent infection and reduce reliance on antibiotics. UV-OLECs can also be combined with additional printed photochromic layers to realise non-light emitting colour changing textiles. When exposed to UV light, photochromic materials change from transparent to opaque and this can produce significant changes in colour. This approach can control the textile appearance without emitting light or requiring the OLEC to be continuously switched on
The research will include the formulation of custom designed enhanced organic molecules with enhanced emission efficiency compared to the state of the art. These will be formulated into printable materials and combined with printable conductive materials. Device architectures and fabrication processes (spray coating, inkjet and screen printing) will also be explored. The research will address the key processing challenges in order to realise reliable and robust thin films and devices on textiles.
Planned Impact
E-textiles in general will enable a huge range of new textile products that will revolutionise the textile industry and industries that use e-textiles such as fashion, defence, healthcare/medical, automotive, interior design and workwear. All these industries will benefit from a low cost, low power practical technology for illuminating textiles. For example, workwear applications will benefit from garments that both emit and reflect light making workers more visible and safer. The ability to change the appearance of fabrics will impact upon the fashion and defence industries by enabling a step change in the ability of clothing to vary in appearance. This will enable a new class of fashion related products and, for defence applications, improved camouflage will make personnel harder to detect and observe. The interest of Dstl in this project testifies to this. The automotive industry could exploit the technology in car interiors as an alternative approach for lighting simplifying wiring and providing product differentiation. Applications of the UV light emitting textile will impact upon the healthcare sector by providing a convenient and practical platform for treating wound infections and reducing the reliance on antibiotics. This could improve patient care and potentially reduce treatment times. Project partner URGO are well placed to exploit the research results in this area.
The number of applications of light emitting textiles means a successful technology will impact directly upon the textiles industry. This project should provide a mass manufacturable route for low cost, low power light emitting textiles that will add a competitive advantage for companies that develop the research into practical manufacturing processes. Project partners Carrington Textiles have the expertise and facilities to do this. Such a new class of textile products will provide a new market for the raw materials involved impacting upon chemical companies such as Merck.
The potential for impact of the research is very significant and the project partners represent the supply chain and end users providing an excellent opportunity for generating impact. Other routes for impact will also be pursued as described in the Pathways to Impact.
10 25 50


text:
Here's a simple family art game that we think is so much fun:
1. Get a piece of paper and a pencil for each person who wants to play.
2. Sit so that you can't see each others' papers.
3. Take turns giving drawing instructions by naming monster parts for all players to draw on their papers.
4. When you are all done, show each other your monsters!
Here are some examples of drawing instructions: Draw a square head, add striped horns, make a mouth with as many teeth as you like, draw a long neck, make a fuzzy body, give it feet but no legs, add six arms, draw some
Here are three of our monsters (Diego's, Ruben's and mine) from the same set of instructions:
The idea for this game was inspired by a lovely post on The Artful Parent.


text:
Sugawara Michizane in Exile, February 1884
Color woodblock print
Gift of Louis W. Hill, Jr. P.75.51.32
Saturday, June 26, 2010Sunday, October 24, 2010
Kobayashi Kiyochika reached adulthood as Japan was undergoing massive change. His artistic career coincided with the Meiji period (_PHONE_), an era of intense modernization and westernization as Japan transformed from a feudal state to an international super-power. Although he produced woodcuts in the traditional manner, Kiyochika's images frequently include elements of modern Japan, such as the gaslights and electric poles that were becoming commonplace in Japan's cities. The impact of Western artistic techniques is reflected in Kiyochika's use of aerial views and pastel colors. By imitating Western-style etching, he made Japanese historic subjects strangely compelling.


With the right plants, a hedge can add elegance and privacy to your yard.
Edwin Marty
When Jen and Neal Jackson moved into a house in Homewood, Alabama, the old fence surrounding their side yard didn't add much to the overall feel of their landscape. However, it did help create an ideal play area for their children, as well as all the neighbors' children. So the Jacksons contacted local garden designer Terry Slaughter to find an alternative to the old fence without losing the practicality of the secure play area.
Terry suggested replacing the fence with a living screen, and the Jacksons immediately loved the idea. "Instead of just having a fenced side yard," Terry explains, "we created a small, intimate space that gives a yard a lot more options than having one big open field does." With everyone in agreement, the next question was what type of plants to choose.
Points To Ponder
The most important considerations when deciding what shrub to use as a screen are the growing conditions. It doesn't matter how great a shrub looks when put in the ground. If the plant doesn't have appropriate growing conditions, it won't continue to look good, so there's no point in using it.
The Jacksons' house is nestled into a grove of tall pines and receives a limited amount of sunlight. The side yard is actually part of a utility right-of-way with heavy clay soil that gets a little more sun but has some drainage problems. With these primary considerations in mind, Terry began looking at the other concerns the Jacksons had. They definitely wanted a hedge tall enough to keep the children and their toys inside. They also wanted something that would create a solid screen so they wouldn't have to constantly worry about cleaning up toys. Finally, the Jacksons didn't want anything that would need special maintenance.
Good Plants for a Living Screen
 - American boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) MS, LS, CS
 - Burford holly (Ilex cornuta) US, MS, LS
 - common guava (Psidium guajava) TS
 - English yew (Taxus baccata) US, MS
 - Japanese cleyera (Ternstroemia gymnanthera) MS, LS, CS, TS
 - Japanese privet (Ligustrum japonicum) MS, LS, CS, TS
 - 'Nellie R. Stevens' holly (I. 'Nellie R. Stevens') MS, LS, CS, TS
 - tea olive (Osmanthus fragrans) LS, CS, TS
 - wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera) MS, LS, CS, TS
The Selection
Terry suggested using Carolina cherry laurel (Prunus caroliniana) for the screen. This shrub is perfectly content with the given growing conditions and satisfies the homeowners' other requirements. The selection 'Bright 'n' Tight' Carolina cherry laurel is a versatile, hardy plant with dense foliage that can take heat, drought, and wind. While it will grow faster in full sun, it can thrive in partial sun and, therefore, won't require as much trimming. It can also take a variety of pruning techniques, either formal or informal, giving the Jacksons some options in the future.
They planted full-grown shrubs to give their yard a finished look and provide an enclosed space for their children to play. Then they pruned them back to create an instant solid screen from the street. While it would have been cheaper to use smaller plants and let them grow in, the Jacksons felt their needs merited a full-grown hedge.
The maintenance is minimal. A yearly topdressing of compost and some watering during the dry months keep the shrubs happy. Twice a year, they trim the laurels at a slight angle, keeping the bottom of the hedge a little wider than the top to make sure the bottom gets enough light to continuously produce healthy new foliage.
Create the Best Hedge
 - Use stakes and flagging tape to get a sense of how large the screen needs to be.
 - A tall screen far from the house won't block the view from inside but will still provide privacy.
 - Close to the house, a tall hedge can make you feel claustrophobic and prevent light from getting in. Use gaps or fluctuations in the height of the screen to limit this problem. Creating a door or windows in the hedge also helps.
 - Don't put a tall-growing shrub under a window, or you'll be pruning unnecessarily for years to come.
 - Use a tall hedge around a large yard and a shorter one around a smaller yard to create an appropriately scaled design.
Good Plants for a Clipped Hedge
 - 'Bright 'n' Tight' Carolina cherry laurel (Prunus caroliniana 'Bright 'n' Tight') US, MS, LS, CS
 - Burford holly (Ilex cornuta) US, MS, LS
 - English boxwood (Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa) US, MS, LS
 - English yews (Taxus baccata) US, MS
 - glossy abelia (Abelia x grandiflora) US, MS, LS, CS, TS
 - Japanese holly (I. crenata) US, MS, LS, CS, TS
 - littleleaf boxwood (B. microphylla) US, MS, LS, CS, TS
 - wintergreen barberry (Berberis julianae) US, MS, LS, CS, TS
"Living Screens" is from the May 2004 issue of Southern Living.


text:
Translation of precipitate in Spanish:
transitive verbAmerican English: /prəˈsɪpəˌteɪt/ British English: /prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/
- 1 (bring about, hasten) [formal](crisis/event/incident)the events which precipitated his downfall
precipitarlos acontecimientos que precipitaron su caídaExample sentences
- He said: 'It appears that the death was precipitated by these stressful events which caused him to collapse.'
- Will our relationship pass the test or will the new situation precipitate a change for the worse?
- Loss of public confidence underlay the financial and political crisis which precipitated the downfall of a system of government too little changed in its habits and priorities since the days of Louis XIV.
- 2 (hurl) [formal]precipitarto precipitate something
intosomethingthe events which precipitated Europe into warlos hechos que precipitaron el estallido de la guerra en EuropaI was precipitated into making a decisionme empujaron a tomar una decisión precipitadaExample sentences
- Garbed as they were, admission was refused, which, it is said, precipitated them into forming a founding nucleus to take in other rural dwellers who had suffered similar indignities.
- Shipwrecks are a constant in this tale, being the main means of precipitating Pericles into his various adventures, like an especially unlucky Odysseus.
- The criminal would mount the scaffold and stand upon this trapdoor, which would then open, precipitating the person into a fall of some feet.
- 3 3.1 (Chemistry)Example sentences3.2 (Meteorology)
- It is then mixed with ammonia to precipitate solid uranium oxide that is of a purer grade.
- There are also some concerns about the use of sodium bicarbonate, because it may worsen hypocalcemia or precipitate calcium phosphate deposition on various tissues.
- When substances are precipitated by inorganic or organic processes the material is known as chemical sediment.
- They discovered that sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere allows clouds to precipitate rain in smaller particles.
- Oxides of sulfur and nitrogen react with water vapor in the atmosphere and then are precipitated out as acid rain.
- When that vapour is precipitated as rain it carries the acidity with it.
adjectiveAmerican English: /prəˈsɪpədət/ British English: /prɪˈsɪpɪtət/
- [literary](exit/departure)let us not be precipitate
precipitadono nos precipitemosExample sentences
- But she certainly stirred a mob reaction in populist manner on an issue that needs sensitive and informed leadership and serious democratic debate, careful and caring thought, not instinctive and precipitate action.
- The cracking of an old bough, or the hooting of the owl, was enough to fill me with alarm, and try my strength in a precipitate flight.
- In such instances the will and the courage confronted by some great difficulty which it can neither master nor endure, appears in some to recede in precipitate flight, leaving only panic and temporary unreason in its wake.
- The modest fall-off which ensued was followed by a more precipitate decline in World War I, the result of a cut in mine production occasioned by labour shortages.
- Real wages increased only slowly, probably not sufficiently to counter the precipitate decline of the handwork trades and the high marginal costs of urban life.
- It may be that the precipitate fall in the last survey - widely regarded in both the radio and advertising industries as a glitch - is no fluke.
nouncountable or uncountableAmerican English: /prəˈsɪpədət/, /prəˈsɪpəˌteɪt/ British English: /prɪˈsɪpɪtət/, /prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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text:
HISTORY OF THE EARTH & THE GALAXY.
HISTORY OF THE EARTH & THE GALAXY.
The following dates are interesting as reference points. They are not
intended to be more than that as they are somewhat difficult to verify!
Critical dates in the history of man - (History of the galaxy is
shown in italics while the history of the earth is in standard text)
A: Period prior to 500,000 years ago.
Before time: In the beginning, before there was even the thought of
time, there was thought. There was being. There was thought to bring
forth creative energy for energy cannot be contained, not even in the
sphere of time
17,000,000,000/14,000,000,000 y.a. The halo of the Milky Way starts to
4,800,000,000 y.a (years ago). Explosion of a supernova preceding the
4,560,000,000 y.a. Formation of the earth and of the moon. Archean
4,000,000,000 y.a. The First simple DNA cells appeared on earth..
3,460,000,000 y,a,. The first fossils found were dated from this
period. Photosynthesis starts.
2,500,000,000 y.a. Cyanobacteria start forming O2.
2,233,000,000 y.a.. Our spiral galaxy and related globular clusters
were seeded with pre-programmed DNA mechanisms by an unknown race or
1,055,254,400 y.a. Around this period five cultures emerged in widely
separated areas of the galaxy. They all claimed being in contact with
the culture of the Creators.
1,033,112,250/1,019,925,000 y.a. The first truly galactic society, the
Old Galactic Culture (OGC) embracing over 3,000 planets and 150 species
and cultural groupings. The OGC continued to prosper and expand,
exploring the galaxy and searching for the now elusive creators for the
next 13,000,000 years
1,012,862,250 y.a. The foundation of the Federation of Galactic
Cultures. It took about 19 milliom years for this Federation to form.
Its days of glory lasted over 550 million years.
885,200,000 y.a.: The Ssh'h, a renegade "elder
race" appeared, heralding the beginning of the end for the OGC. It
was focused on the physical and the material aspects, making it
aggressive, violent and possessive. Their wars of conquest eroded the
OGC and the stability of the galaxy
657,155,250 y.a.A group of cultures near the galactic core, the
Coalition of Central Core Cultures (C3 Coalition) became the only
civilizing force left in the galaxy, and in 339,828,750 began to
reshape galactic civilization and helped reunify the Archons.
267,671,250 y.a. The age of the Archons which
ended in the Dark Night of Galactic history, exploded into a civil
blood bath which laid waste to much of the galaxy.
1,000,000,000/543,000,000 y.a. Neoproterozoic period on
earth Increased oxygen availability in the air resulted in the starting
off of animal diversification.
660,000,000 y.a. Sponges make their first appearance
580,000,000 y. a. A meteorite 4 km in diameter strikes Australia,
causing a huge 100m high tsunami.
560,000,000 y, a. The Paleozoic/Cambrian period sees the explosion of a
large variety of creatures. The Vetulicolia, the ancestors of the
vertebrates, make their first appearance.
500,000,000 y. a. The Paleozoic/Ordovician period sees the start of
440,000,000. y. a. The end of the Ordovician period sees the first mass
extinction of life.
435,000,000.y. a. In the Paleozoic/Silurian period, the levels of CO2
and CH4 were 360 & 435 PPMV respectively. These values are comparable
with todays rising levels.
370,000,000.y. o. The late Devonian saw the second mass extinction of
286,000,000/250,000,000 y. o. The Paleozoic/Permian period saw the
third dramatic extinction of life. From the 50% of the phyla that
survived, life later bounced back. 250,000,000 y.
a. The Dark Night of Galactic History. A civil blood bath decimated the
Archons. Following the collapse of the Archonic Empire, galactic
civilization revived slowly 215,000,000 /200.000,000 y.a.
The 4th.mass extinction of life resulted in the destruction of 95% of
all species. A new glacial period regresses life on earth. Our solar
system contained 9 planets, Mercury, Mars, Tiamat (a giant planet
between Mars & Jupiter), Jupiter Saturn, Uranus, Unknown, Neptune, and
Pluto, with their moons. Nibiru was a planet orbiting around its sun
Osiris. Following a cosmic catastrophe Nibiru was forced into a new
orbit around our sun. Some of its moons collapsed on Mars causing Mars
to lose its atmosphere and all its life forms. Tiamat was also
affected, it got cut in 2 and lost most of its life forms, including
the dinosaurs. One half remained in its orbit, becoming our planet
Earth, the other part forming the Asteroid Belt between Mars & Jupiter.
As for Nibiru it began an eccentric orbit around the sun of 3600
years. In the history of Mesopotamia, India, Egypt, Greece, and others,
this event is described as "the war of the Gods in heaven »
150,000,000 y. a. The two halves of the Earth's crust meet, forming
the continents. 118,731,000 y. a. Earth was re-discovered and
re-bioformed in 81,475,750
85,000,000 y.a. Human and mice genomes diverge from a common ancestor.
68,000,000/66,000,000y.a.Jesus talks about a planet Maldek where the
human race "played out a most wonderful civilization, and drama,
enjoying a high technology, up to the time when there was an event that
caused the explosion of the planet." What happened was that the
Zetans first colonized the planet, then the Drakars took over and sent
three asteroids. One to Venus, which was protected by its violent
atmosphere, the second to Earth where many species were wiped out and
an ice age resulted, and the third to Mars where two/thirds of the
atmosphere was wiped out. The Galactic Alliance responded and sent
Erran and Scenarian warships and wiped out the planet, which exploded.
Residues of the planet went into the Asteroid Belt, into Jupiter, and
into some of the moons of Jupiter, of Saturn, and into some of its
65,000,000 y.a.:Here we see the fifth extinction of most life forms on
earth. It appears that the human race became also extinct except for
remnants in africa. All humans appearing after this period originated
from the descendants of the african humans.
50,000,000 y.a.. Huge marine mammals and small land mammals dominate
the sea and land life forms.
28,298,250 y.a. A C3 culture from the Canopan system colonized the
earth. A settlement by the Federal Disputes designated it an evolving
sentience preserve under the joint administration of Canopan and Sirian
researchers. The planet itself was used as a recreation and resource
location for local citizens. An orbital station was established for
remote viewing and for biological stimulation to some small groups of
26,000,000 y.a.: It could be that Jesus incarnated on earth as Sananda
at the time of the original civilization on earth. The Elder race of
the Cains and the Abels. However indications are vague.
7,000,000 y.a. Human DNA shows that humans diverged from chimps in this
6.000.000 y.a.:Two species of hominids, the Sahelanthropus, then the
Orrorin have had their skeletons dated back to this period..
5,000,000 y.a.. Most of the animal types known today are already
represented on Earth, including Homo Habilis or its earlier variants.
5,400,000 to 4,400,000 y.a.: A third species of hominid, Ardipithecus
4,500,000 to 3,850,000 y.a.:, The next human race, Austrolipithecus
Aramensis makes its appearance.
3,800,000 to 2,950,000 y.a.: Austrolipithecus Afarensis, a small
brained & big faced species of human appears
3,000,000 y.a.. Austrolipithecus Africanus is dated back to this
2,500,000 to 2,400,000 y.a.. Austrolipithecus Garhi, an


United Way of Greater Atlanta
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When children thrive, communities can thrive.
United Way of Greater Atlanta focuses on ensuring that every child has the opportunity to reach his or her full potential. Communities that can say "all the children are well" have babies born healthy, kids who read proficiently by 3rd grade and teens who graduate from high school ready for college and careers. These are kids that grow up in communities where people are educated, employed and housed.
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Join the Child Well-Being Movement and help us make Greater Atlanta a place where every child - regardless of zip code - can reach his or her full potential.
Visit our website to learn more about the Child Well-Being Index and see the score for your neighborhood.
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text:
Origin: Asia and the Mediterranean
Impact: Similar in appearance to wild onion but lacking the onion scent and taste. Found in pastures and rangeland, onionweed develops populations that exclude grasses and desirable forage species. This federally regulated weed poses a serious environmental and agricultural threat. It seeds prolifically and can establish large populations quickly.
Learn More: Species Profile.
If you have spotted Asphodelus fistulosis (Onionweed), use this report form to send an email to the appropriate authorities. All fields marked with an asterisk (*) are required.


text:
Éminence grise, French for gray eminence, is the "true power behind the throne," i.e., a person who influences politics from behind, without being elected or appointed to a public office (or without having inhereted one in feudal societies).
The expression comes from the time of Cardinal Richelieu, who was the visible power in France of his era (more powerful than even the King of France).
The proper way to address a Cardinal is Your Eminence. Cardinals wear red robes, so Cardinal Richelieu was also known as "éminence rouge" (red eminence).
No matter how powerful Cardinal Richelieu may have been outwardly, he, as any good Catholic, regularly went to confession. His confessor was the Capuchin friar Père Joseph (i.e., Father Joseph). It was Père Joseph who had the power to forgive Cardinal Richelieu's sins. It was also Père Joseph whom Cardinal Richelieu consulted before making any important political decision. Indeed, it was Père Joseph who truly controlled Cardinal Richelieu and was, therefore, the true power in France.
Now, today Capuchins wear brown habits (religious garb). But at the time of Père Joseph they were still wearing gray habits. Hence, Père Joseph was known as the gray eminence, and that nickname stuck along for centuries to describe the true power behind power.


Hier finden Sie wissenschaftliche Publikationen aus den Fraunhofer-Instituten.
Thermal interactions between the process and workpiece
: Neugebauer, Reimund; Drossel, Welf-Guntram; Ihlenfeldt, Steffen; Richter, Carsten
Shamoto, Eiji ; College International pour L'Etude Scientifique des Techniques de Production, Paris:
3rd CIRP Conference on Process Machine Interactions, PMI 2012 : October 29-30, 2012, Nagoya, Japan
Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2012 (Procedia CIRP 4.2012)
Conference on Process Machine Interactions (PMI) <3, 2012, Nagoya>
Fraunhofer IWU ()
process; thermal effect; machining
According to an international status report, up to 70% of the errors in cutting production can be traced back to timeand processdependant temperature fluctuations. In particular, thermal effects from processing lead to the deformation of machine components.
This affects the tool and the workpiece. This paper considers the research into interactions between process-related and thermal deformations with a focus on the high-precision machining of large workpieces. Previously conducted investigations have demonstrated the effects of the heat flow into the structures of workpieces during the machining process. As one might expect, deformation occurs, which leads to deviations in shape and position. In the same way, length changes due to process-heat transfer can be observed on the tool side. This leads to displacements of the centre point of the tool, which are dependent on the tool geometry and process parameters. However, resulting production errors can often be reduced by improved process control. Considering an example from the field of mould construction, this problem has been discussed from a practical perspective. Starting with experimental analyses, the heat flow into the workpiece related to the inherent deformation was measured. This was realised using thermographic systems and displacement sensors. Relevant parameters that have a significant influence on the process were to be identified in these tests. Heat-transfer effects were analysed while varying these parameters. In the same way, this should provide support for simulative analyses and facilitate the verification of these analyses. Using computer models, it was possible to detect and evaluate thermoelastic displacements before the processing. Based on this, the findings led to appropriate countermeasures, such as the use of a modified machining sequence. The aim of all of these investigations is the development of optimal machining strategies to help reduce manufacturing errors.


text:
How do I get a free teacher account?
All verified teachers, including school, tertiary and pre-service teachers can get free accounts with access to all our resources for evaluation and professional development.
This grants access to:
- teacher notes and solutions to problems
- free access to all courses and competitions
- any professional development resources we publish.
If you are not currently teaching at a school
If you are currently teaching at a school
Follow these steps to become a verified teacher on Grok.
For more details on what becoming a verified teacher means, see What is teacher verification?


text:
Oh, those ears--the way they flit back and forth! And that swishing tail! A horse can speak volumes using body language. But what exactly does all that mean? And how important is it that we know?
Understanding equine body language is critical to successful horse-human interactions.
Just ask Dr. Camie Heleski, coordinator of the Michigan State University Horse Management Program and lead instructor for My Horse University's online Horse Behavior and Welfare Course, which is based out of Michigan State University. "Many horse accidents are a result of not reading the horse's body language," she explains. "We are working with a very large animal that still thinks primarily like a creature of prey, hence, being observant to their body language is possibly more important than when working with any other animal."
Equines actually communicate using all five senses: sight, smell, hearing, touch and taste.
"Horses have evolved to live in cohesive groups (herds or bands) and their ability to interpret the postures and movements of their group members is important for their survival," explains Professor Natalie Waran, senior vice president of the International Society for Equitation Science council and head of the School of Natural Sciences at Unitec New Zealand. "Body language in humans may not be that sophisticated due to the fact that we tend to use sounds to communicate; but horses appear to rely a great deal on using their tail, ears, mouths [and] postures, and these may or may not be linked with specific sounds or calls."
Ears, Eyes & Face
The first thing you're likely to notice about a horse's expression is the position or movement of its ears. Regardless of their shape or size, they are almost always in motion and work independently, functioning much like equine radar.
Ears positioned forward generally indicate that the horse is relaxed, but if sharply pricked forward, take note! Your horse is alert and tuning into something that's either interesting or frightening. As most horse owners know, there's a difference between ears that are positioned towards the rear and those that are sharply pinned backwards. In the former case, the horse is likely either relaxed or listening to something behind him. In the latter case, it's a sign of aggression that could be followed by a lunge, bite or kick. Watch out!
When trying to comprehend equine body language, one must also consider the eyes, nostrils, mouth, facial tension and attitude of the head and neck. These components often work together and are best interpreted in context, a talent one usually acquires with experience around horses in general and around your individual horse in particular.
"The horse has large eyes and is supersensitive to movement, as you would expect of a prey animal," Waran says. "This is put to good use in observing body language, and humans are less aware of this non-verbal communication, due to being more vocal!"
There is one group of signals that is universal and easily recognized: the pricked ears, flared nostrils, wide eyes (often showing white) and elevated head and neck of a horse who is alert and ready to flee.
Other signals, like "snapping," may be less familiar to the average horse owner. "'Snapping' is the behavior in which the immature horse opens and closes its mouth in a frightening circumstance," explains Dr. Katherine Houpt, director of the Animal Behavior Clinic at Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. "For example, colts will do it when they approach the stallion. Mares in heat sometimes exhibit the same movement. All donkey mares do and it is called 'yawing' in that species. Snapping is an appeasement gesture: 'Please don't hurt me; I am just a baby horse.'"
Head, Neck & Tail
Speaking of head and neck position, remember that whatever artificial carriages performance classes may call for, a higher head and neck position in a horse generally indicates a state of arousal, while a lower position generally reflects a more relaxed state of mind.
At the opposite end of a horse's body is another communication tool that is sometimes overlooked. Yes, equines use their tails to brush away pesky flies, but did you know that these handy body parts transmit language, too? Mind you, a horse's natural tail carriage may vary by breed--the classic example being the high-tailed Arabian. However, there are some tail signals that are common to all breeds, and which a horse owner would be wise to heed.
For example, have you ever heard the expression "tail clamped between the legs"? If a horse has its tail pressed tightly against his buttocks, chances are it is nervous or fearful. By contrast, a tail that is carried unusually high usually indicates a hyper-alert state. Anyone who's ever ridden a horse that is reluctant to work has probably witnessed the trademark "wringing" or fierce swishing of the tail, a sign of irritation or frustration. That is not to be confused, however, with the gentle, rhythmic swishing that sometimes accompanies a change in balance, like a lead change, for example.


text:
The Bloodstone Lands: Legacies
Every new level (including 1st) each PC adds 3 hero points to their character sheet. These points DO NOT roll over to the next level so use 'em or lose 'em.
Bonus Hero Points can be gained through good roleplay, these bonus points must also be used by the next level or lost.
How to use hero Points:
It's pretty easy. Whenever you roll a D20 you can use a Hero Point to add an additional die to the roll. You must use the Hero Point BEFORE the roll. Once used a Hero Point is gone. One exception to the above rule is for damage. You may use a Hero Point to add or subtract to any damage you roll or take. Again, you must declare the Hero Point used before rolling the damage dice.
Thus Hero Points can be used for all the following rolls: attack, damage, saves and skill checks.
How Much Do Hero Points Add to Your Roll:
Depends on your level:
1-5 = D4
6-10 = D6
11-15 = D8
16-19 = D10
20 = D12


and attach hooks and hang scarves on the bottom.
If you have a staircase with a blank wall to the side of the entrance to your home, consider placing shelves along the stairs.
You can also put things on it that you usually grab before leaving the door, such as keys and umbrellas.
 1. Show off your stuff
Floating shelves display things better. That's because, unlike regular shelves, they don't block your stuff when you look at it from any angle, because there are no staples or cases in it.
So, if you want that beautiful vase or your important trophy to be the focus of your room, a floating shelf can do it for you.
As well as being able to see your display at all 360 degrees, it's also an easier way to see if your shelves or exposed items need cleaning.
You can instantly see if your items have dust or need to be washed. A dusty shelf is not something you want to flaunt with pride.
 1. Easier access to stored items
Avoid the hassle of opening and closing glass doors that regular shelves have, and use floating shelves because they don't have enclosures and things can be easily accessed.
Imagine that you easily pick up your favorite book from the shelf when you rush to the street. It can really make your room more efficient.
If you think through where to place them, you can also make effective use of floating shelves.
For example, if you usually forget your glasses when you leave the room, putting them on the shelf by the door to the room, you may not forget to bring them.
This way, you can easily pick up your glasses while heading for the door.
 1. Adjustable and easy to move design
Since the floating shelves can be easily adjusted as you like, you can enhance your room from time to time with different styles. You can also change its height and alignment. With regular shelves, you won't be able to set them up yourself.
Instead, you should bring it to a furniture maker to have it changed, which can be quite expensive. However, with floating shelves, you can easily move it around the house. The only thing you will need to work on is to unscrew its supports from the wall.
Final Words
Furniture can create or destroy the integrity of your room. In addition to the aesthetics that pieces of furniture bring to your room, you should carefully consider their purpose, effectiveness, and whether it can fit well into the space.
Do not buy pieces of furniture that do not function fully and are a waste of space.
Always choose the ones that can serve you well. This is why it is recommended to purchase floating shelves, which will not only improve the design of your room, but also give you other benefits, such as saving space and better organizing your things. Buy yourself floating shelves, and you will definitely not regret it!
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The Last Tree
Written and Illustrated by Emily Haworth-Booth
Once upon a time a group of friends were seeking a place to call home. The desert was too hot, the valley was too wet and the mountain was too windy. Then they found the forest. It was perfect. The leaves gave shelter from the sun and rain, and a gentle breeze wound through the branches. But the friends soon wanted to build shelters. The shelters became houses, then the houses got bigger.
All too soon they wanted to control the environment and built a huge wooden wall around the community. As they cut down the trees, the forest becomes thinner, until there is just one last tree standing. It is down to the children to find a solution.


text:
Lighting the WayBy Bien, Alexei ; Edutopia,
Publication Date: July 2007
Article focuses on Sound Shadows, which is an experimental photography program for students with visual disabilities at Governor Morehead School for the Blind. The project was conducted from 1992 to 1997, while a book titled "Seeing Beyond Sight" chronicles the experience of 36 students ages 12 to 19. The students learned how to point and shoot, and they were also taught to use a camera to recreate dreams and to express personal vision. They used autofocus cameras, which allowed them to use sound and touch as a way to compose their images. The book features roughly 150 images from the Sound Shadows program, along with captions from the student photographers.
Published by: George Lucas Educational Foundation (Website:_URL_)
Link to text: _URL_