Benefits of Building a Small Home
Benefits of Building a Small Home
If you are shopping for a home, you have most likely walked through some of the 'McMansions' that are currently on the market. During the most recent housing boom, thousands of these track-built monstrosities were 'thrown-together' and sold for top dollar.
With the economic collapse of the late 2000's came a wave of foreclosures and plummeting real estate prices, in effect lowering the selling prices of these lavish homes and making them a viable investment for the average American.
Now that these large homes, which have become the 'American Dream', are finally within your reach, should you consider buying one? Do you really want to commit to living in a home that is 2,500 SF or more and the financial burden that comes with it?
The 'Small Home' movement has been growing rapidly in the aftermath of the recent economic decline and the benefits of this movement have been championed by best-selling author Susan Susanka beginning with her book "The Not So Big House".
While the popularity of this movement has grown in recent years, the concept is far from new. Historically, smaller homes were the norm in the United States and have always been the norm in Europe and Asia. The average American home in 1950 was just less than 1,000 square feet, while in 2004 the average was about 2,400 square feet. This gigantic increase in living space is a direct result of the rapid rise in wealth that blanketed the US during the economic boom. Recent data proves that the average size of new homes is dropping once again and it makes you ask yourself, should I buy a smaller home?
The Benefits First you must analyze the benefits of building a smaller home and determine whether they outweigh your 'need' for space. The list of benefits is long and they are definitely worth contemplating. Let's take a look:
1. Cheaper to Build
Higher Quality The fact of the matter is that the cost to build a home is relative to the size of the dwelling. Not only is it cheaper to build a smaller home, but also the money saved on raw floor space can be incorporated into the finishes of the home.
When building a large home, homeowners often have to sacrifice quality for quantity. Building a small home allows you to incorporate efficient, healthy and high-quality materials into your house that you otherwise wouldn't be able to consider with a larger floor plan.
Your siding, flooring and finish materials will increase in quality, increasing both the character and durability of your home. In other words, luxury is more attainable and your options increase by ten fold.
In addition, your loan amount could be smaller and the percentage of your down payment will increase, affording you a lower mortgage payment and a better interest rate, saving you tens of thousands in the long run.
2. Lower Property Taxes
With building a smaller home comes the benefit of lower property taxes. A smaller footprint often translates into your home being viewed at a lower value, offering you a more favorable assessment on your property than neighbors with larger homes.
3. Energy Cost & Consumption
With a smaller space, come lower energy bills. Studies show that heating and cooling costs alone are 13-20% lower in a home that is 1,500 square feet compared to a home that is 2,500 square feet.
4. Environmental Impact
A small home simply uses fewer natural resources in construction, maintenance and energy consumption. The efficiency of a small home helps the environment and helps you live responsibly.
5. Maintenance & Cleaning
The smaller the home, the less maintenance you have to worry about. Think about the cost to replace siding on a 2,500 SF home compared to a 1,500 SF home or the amount of money that can be saved when installing new flooring or tile. There are fewer windows to replace, walls to paint and gutters to clean.
Regular household chores will be cut in half and if you hire a cleaning service, their rate will be lower.
6. Less Clutter Less space.
equates to less room for items that aren't necessities. We all know that the more space we have, the more 'junk' we accumulate. Having a smaller home forces you to become more organized and avoid the accumulation of unneeded possessions. Think of all the unused items you'll be motivated to donate to charity or sell on eBay and Craig's List.
7. More Financial Freedom
When living in a smaller home, the savings you'll accumulate from having a smaller mortgage, lower utility bills and overall reduced consumption will add up quick. You will be able to free yourself from unneeded expenses and become more financially secure.
Summary This is just a small glimpse at some of the benefits of building a smaller house. As a PA home builder, I am a huge advocate of the 'Not So Big House' and I highly suggest that individuals interested in building a small home buy one of Susan Suzanka's best-selling books.


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3D Electron Microscopy (3D-EM) Data Navigator [English / 日本語
Structure of a type IV secretion system core complex
by single particle reconstruction, at 19 A resolution
Surface view with section colored by density value, Surface level: 0.021, Image by UCSF CHIMERA
Surface view colored by cylindrical radius, Surface level: 0.021, Image by UCSF CHIMERA
Additional movies: EMDB/PDB-ID:
Movies of other data can be added. Select a data entry by inputting the ID or clicing the buttons below.
Click the button of the movie to add.
Similar structure data:

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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IWitness Adds Activities and Clips in Three New Languages
IWitness is expanding its offerings for non-English speakers.
A trio of new activities have been published in three different languages: an Information Quest about Roman Kent (Polish), Homecoming: Hatred After the Genocide (Czech), and How Could it Happen? (Hungarian).
In the Roman Kent Information Quest, students watch testimony clips of Polish Holocaust survivor Roman Kent (in English with Polish subtitles) and construct word clouds representing the themes, emotions, people and places of his testimony.
The Czech activity includes testimony clips in which Czech survivors describe the hatred and intolerance they faced when they returned home after the Holocaust, and asks students to consider how intolerance affects current-day society and what they can do to promote positive change in themselves and others.
The Hungarian activity teaches students about the process of deception that led to the Holocaust. Students must write a short essay about why it is important to speak about the Holocaust today.
The Polish and Czech activities were written by USC Shoah Foundation's regional consultants Monika Koszyńska and Martin Šmok, and the Hungarian activity was written by teacher and Teaching with Testimony in the 21st Century graduate Mónika Mészáros.
In addition, the Watch page on IWitness now includes testimony clips in Czech and Hungarian.
The 23 new Czech clips are either spoken the Czech language or subtitled in Czech – 10 from the Visual History Archive's Holocaust collection, four from the Rwandan Genocide collection, and nine from the Armenian Genocide collection. The clips cover the topics Anti-Semitism, Auschwitz, Postwar Life/Return to Life, Survival, Reflections on Genocide, and Deportation.
Three Hungarian-language clips on Perpetrators were also published, with another 15 clips coming soon.
The activities and clips in Hungarian, Polish and Czech reflect the growing need for IWitness content in the native languages of students and educators across Europe. Educators who wish to incorporate non-English testimony into their classroom activities now have access to curated testimony clips and activities in their own languages directly through the IWitness website.
Like this article? Get our e-newsletter.
Be the first to learn about new articles and personal stories like the one you've just read.


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Before raw data is purged, the data is summarized or "rolled-up" at predefined intervals. Roll-up data is the term given to the data that has been summarized. Before any raw data is purged, the minimum, maximum, and average values are calculated. These values can be preserved in several ways.
Hourly data is data that is summarized or rolled-up every hour. The raw data for each hour is processed to create a summary record for that hour. For example, if raw data is logged every five minutes, a total of twelve raw records are available in one hour. When data is rolled-up after one hour, the twelve raw records are processed to find the minimum, maximum, and average values during that hour. One summary record is generated for the twelve raw records. The hourly data is first computed on the agent machine. The data is then brought over to the server machine, where the data is added to the database.
The daily, weekly, and monthly values are calculated in a similar manner. The maximum, minimum, and average values are also calculated for each period.
Hourly data is kept for 7 days.
Daily data is kept for 5 weeks.
Weekly data is kept for 12 months.
Monthly data is kept for 24 months.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


dancing for yourself, you are also very much dancing for that audience and letting them share in this experience with you
Natalie: Resonance: How does music and movement actually move you? Does it resound through both the bones and body?
My personal dance practice revolves around listening to my muscles, bones, and organs. Each day is different, and each day they require a different movement, progression, and expression. When I walk in to a studio, I begin moving from the base of my body (feet, legs, tail-bone) to the crown of my head, asking each part of my body what it needs. Each day, a different sequence, a different pattern, and a fundamental way of moving emerges. By listening to my body, there is an internal drive that moves my outer body. What I ate, how I slept, the days previous activities all inform the movement that emerges.
More specifically, in each segment of the body, the organs – how they circulate, function, and move determines what my muscles need to do to move my body. My circulation, my breath, and my organ functions actually move me.
The next layer of my practice involves listening to the music that suits my mood on that particular day. I let the music shape the quality of movement on that particular day. So not only does what is happening inside determine how I move, but the music does as well. The music can literally speak to the deepest, most subconscious parts of my body by resonating within the muscles, bones, and organs, changing how these parts of my body are moving me.
On top of these two layersthe body influencing my movement and the music determining the quality of the movementmusic has always been a driving force behind my dancing. There are moments at home, in a studio, and on stage, where the world melts away. My body becomes a vessel for the music. The motion just comes naturally to my body. It almost feels as if my conscious mind is floating on top of the vibrations of the music and my body is carried away by the waves of sound.


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Peaches are one of the oldest cultivated fruits in the world. They are originally native to China and date back to the 10th century B.C. There are more than 2000 different varieties of peaches grown worldwide and more than 300 are grown in the United States alone.
The most common package type for peaches are:
Single Layer tray pack
Double layer tray pack
25 lb. Volume Fill


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Economic Information Acquisition for Improved Predictive Modeling and Decision Making
To better cope with business environments that are information intensive, complex, and highly dynamic, companies increasingly rely on intelligent, data�]driven methods to automatically "learn" from experiences over time and to improve future decision-making. However, reliable data-driven induction depends on two critical ingredients: an effective induction (learning) method, and informative, relevant data.
The capacity of even the most effective induction technique to extract a reliable model of any real-world phenomenon is bounded by what information is available about prior experiences. In practice, organizations often acquire information only passively, such through routine business transactions. However, the opportunity costs of acquiring information only passively can be substantial.
This challenge poses some fundamental and fascinating scientific questions: How does one enable predictive modeling techniques to reason intelligently about opportunities to actively acquire additional information to improve modeling and the business decisions the models informs? How should knowledge (or uncertainty) about the particular decisions that predictive models will be used to inform, influence what information is best to acquire? And how can we incorporate prior knowledge into data-driven learning, so as to mitigate the high cost of learning from scratch? I will present an overview of my research on economic data mining in which I address these and related questions. I will also discuss applications of the methods I developed for a broad range of problems, including personalized marketing, recommender systems, insurance fraud detection, and market mechanism design.
|Dr. Wolf Ketter|


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The customer is an IOT startup with a growing customer base. The architecture was built on a large number of microservices to scale different business use cases. The key challenge is to build and operate a large number of microservices, without spending a fortune of course. In this case study you will learn:
- 1. How a template based system helped evolve and scale the continuous delivery pipeline for a large number of business services
- 2. How multi-tenant CD pipeline platform was created and deployed to multiple customer sites on demand.
- 3. How a template based design helps scaling the CD pipeline as business grows


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Challenge: Filming Never-Before-Captured Killer-Whale Hunting Techniques
Scientists have known since the 1970s that killer whales hunt seals cooperatively by generating waves to sweep the animals off floating ice. But the behavior had never been captured on filmand the producers of Frozen Planet wanted badly to get it. To get the above-water shots, they mounted a gyrostabilized camera on a cantilevered arm. "It looks like a big black ball on a seesaw, almost," Linfield says. "It has the same long zoom lens. It was the first time that was used on a boat, and that enabled us, in quite rough water, to get stable shots of the killer whales hunting."
The underwater shots were captured with polecamsa tiny camera mounted on the end of a long pole. "Until quite recently, these tiny cameras produced a noisy, nasty quality image," Linfield says. "But now the image quality is so good, and they're so good in low light, that you can get great images." The sequence, he says, is "the most astonishing natural-history hunt sequence that's ever been filmed."


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Roger Fenton's well known photograph, "The Valley of the Shadow of Death"Documentary filmmaker Errol Morris may have uncovered the world's oldest staged photograph, a wartime image taken in 1855.
Radiolab spoke with Morris, who unleashed his legendary attention to detail upon Roger Fenton's renowned photo, "The Valley of the Shadow of Death," considered to be one of the oldest known photographic images of warfare.
The photo was taken during the Crimean War (_PHONE_) and shows a road littered with cannonballs. The Crimean War was a massive conflict that saw Russia battling with Britain, France, Sardinia and the remnants of the Ottoman Empire for control over the declining Ottoman Empire.
The Crimean War itself is arguably history's first "modern" war, featuring new communications technology (the telegraph) and weaponry, along with the use of photography. And Fenton's photographs taken during the war are considered to be some of the earliest ever to document warfare.
"[I]t turns out there were actually two photos--both taken from the same spot over 150 years ago. One image famously shows a road littered with cannonballs, while the other shows the same road with no cannonballs (they're off to the side in ditches). Which one came first? And why would the cannonballs have been moved?"
Morris has written a series of blog posts about his investigation for the New York Times, in which he explains how the photo's history first captured his interest after reading a book by Susan Sontag that flatly alleges Fenton staged the photograph.
As part of his extensive efforts to uncover whether the photo was staged, Morris traveled to Crimea and consulted with optical engineer Dennis Purcell and five historians.
The historians were split on whether the photo was staged, with some arguing that the cannonballs are missing in the second photo because soldiers were recycling them to fire back at Russian forces.
Eventually, Purcell and Morris were able to reach a definitive conclusion about whether the photo was faked, by flipping the two photographs over and over. Eventually, they realized that pebbles on the left side of the road appeared to move in the two photographs. From the direction of the rocks falling, Morris was able to sequence the two photographs. "The one with the cannonballs on the road was the second picture," Morris said.
In other words, the photo with no cannonballs on the road is the original picture. Fenton and his assistants rolled the cannonballs downhill and placed them along the road.
"Whoever was helping him would have walked along the side of the road and moved the cannonballs down to the side of the road. It's gravity." Morris said.
In other words, Susan Sontag was right. "But for the wrong reasons," Morris said.
While calling Fenton a "coward," Morris acknowledges he doesn't know exactly why the photographer staged his shot. But Purcell has his own opinion, saying Fenton was aiming for the "emotional truth" of the nearby battlefields.
"It's obvious why he did it; to make it look like the way it felt," Purcell said.


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UnJpeg is a unique tool that can restore
images that have been compressed into the JPEG file format. It is
a must for both home users and professionals.
Advanced techniques in our product make
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Edit Article
Liquid stacking is a fun and creative way to demonstrate the viscosity of liquids to others, or just to create something beautiful for displaying as a showpiece in your home. It's an exciting activity to perform and watch, so gather everyone around and give it a go!
 1. 1
 Select an empty bottle. The best bottle or container is one that is tall (long) and not too wide. This will show the layering to its best effect and will lessen the amount of liquid needed for each layer.
 2. 2
 Pour equal amounts of each liquid. Measure the liquids using a measuring beaker, with the idea being that you use the same ratio for each liquid layer. It is best if you have a minimum of 1 inch (2.5cm) for each layer, to make the layer differences obvious; even wider layers are preferable. The following steps explain which liquid to add in sequence, according to their density.
 3. 3
 Pour corn syrup first. As this is the densest liquid, it needs to sit at the base of the layers.
 4. 4
 Pour dish washing liquid next.
 5. 5
 Tilt the bottle while you add colored water.
 6. 6
 Tilt the bottle while you add oil.
 7. 7
 Tilt the bottle while adding colored alcohol (or rubbing alcohol).
 8. 8
 Close the cap.
 9. 9
 Your liquid stacked bottle is ready!
 10. 10
 You can even turn it upside down!
 11. 11
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This is a description of how to use paper chromatography of amino acids (to identify amino acids).
- To demonstrate separation of amino acids by paper chromatography
- To use chromatography to identify amino acids
- Chromatography tank and lid
- Chromatography paper (or filter paper), to fit tank
- Capillary tubes or pasteur pipettes
- Amino acid samples in 1 molar hydrochloric acid (IRRITANT)
- Unknown samples (e.g. 'unknown' mix or filtered fruit juice)
- Solvent (BAW): Butan-1-ol : Acetic acid : Water 60 : 15 : 25 (FLAMMABLE, TOXIC)
- Hairdryer or heating tray
- Spray can of Indanetrione (Ninhydrin) 1% in butan-1-ol (FLAMMABLE, TOXIC)
- Latex gloves
- Access to fume cupboard
- Drying oven at 100°C
BAW solvent should be made up fresh on the day
Using a pencil, lightly draw a line 1.5–2 cm above the bottom of the chromatography paper. Make small marks at 1.5 cm intervals along the line.
Fill a capillary tube or pipette by capillary action with your first sample. Touch the tip of the capillary to the first mark and pull it away. You should leave a small (>5 mm) wet spot. Let this dry and apply the sample again. Make a note of which sample is placed on the spot (you can lightly write on the paper beneath the mark, using a pencil). Repeat for each sample or mixture, on a different mark and using a fresh tube or pipette each time. Let the paper dry.
Put 1 cm or less of BAW into the chromatography tank. The sample spots should not dip into the solvent. Place the tank in a cool place out of direct sunlight. Stand the chromatography paper in the tank so that the bottom edge is in the solvent but the remaining paper does not touch the tank. Place the lid on the tank and leave for about 1 hour.
Wearing gloves, remove the damp paper and mark where the solvent has reached. Dry the paper in the fume cupboard. Still in the fume cupboard, spray the whole of the paper with ninhydrin in butanol. Dry the paper and transfer it to the drying oven for 1–2 min.
Mark the position of each spot that develops. Note the colour and Rf (or travel distance) of each standard and hence find the amino acid composition of the unknown samples.
- Acetic acid
- Irritant vapour. On skin; flood with water. Ventilate area.
- Highly flammable. Remove ignition sources
- Harmful by inhalation. Irritant vapour. Use fume cupboard.
- Hydrochloric acid 1 molar
- Irritant, may cause burns. On skin; flood with water. Spills, neutralise with sodium bicarbonate.
- Irritant. Wear gloves. Indanetrione, spilt on the skin, is not immediately noticeable. It stains skin purple, slowly, and even seems to work through gloves. Wash frequently to remove it.
- Hot Oven; also produces Butan-1-ol fumes.
- Remove papers wearing gloves, or use forceps. Ventilate area


Fakahina airport (Fakahina)
Country: French Polynesia
ISO country code: PF
City: Fakahina
Airport name: Fakahina
IATA code: FHZ
Time zone: +10.0 GMT
Height above sea level: 1 meters
The length of the runway: 900 meters
Cheap tickets to Fakahina
Contacts Fakahina airport
Latitude: -15.992222000000
Longitude: -140.164722000000
Hotels near Fakahina airport
To find hotels near Fakahina airport, paste in search form the name of the city of (Fakahina), then select the dates of Check In and Check Out, select the number of guests and click Search.
FHZ airport Fakahina transcript or FHZ which airport?
The name of the airport: Fakahina. The airport is located in the country: French Polynesia. The city location of the airport in Fakahina. IATA airport code Fakahina: FHZ. The IATA airport code is a 3 letter unique identifier, assigned airports world International air transport Association (IATA). ICAO airport code Fakahina: NTKH. The ICAO airport code is a 4 letter unique identifier that is assigned to the airports by the International civil aviation organization (ICAO).
The geographic coordinates of the airport Fakahina.
The latitude at which the airport is located: -15.992222000000, the longitude of airport: -140.164722000000. Geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude define the position of the airport on the earth's surface. To fully define the position of the airport in three-dimensional space, we should also know the third coordinate is the height. The height of the airport above sea level is 1 meters. The airport is located in the time zone: +10.0 GMT. The airline always indicates local time of departure and arrival airport according to the time zones.


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The Protogenoi, also known as the primordial gods, are the first race of immortals to come into existence, the majority of whom were born directly from the void of Chaos. Unlike the Titans and the gods, the Protogenoi are essentially sentient aspects of the universe itself, and therefore, cannot truly be killed.
The beginning
Chaos, the first Protogenos
Birth of the Protogenoi
Initially, all the matter in the cosmos drifted around in a gloomy, soupy mist called Chaos. It was the first of the Protogenoi, and eventually some of its matter collected to form the earth, which developed a personality that called herself Gaea. After a period of time, the sky appeared: a great dome above the earth that became Ouranos. He married Gaea, but more Protogenoi followed in suit.
Ouranos casting his children into Tartarus
Water pooled out of the mist of Chaos and formed the first seas on earth, that like his predecessors, developed a consciousness: Pontus. Finally, another dome emerged from Chaos. Unlike Ouranos, however, this was Tartarus, the Pit of Evil right beneath the earth itself. Both of them harbored feelings for Gaea, which made her relationship with Ouranos rather difficult.
Other Protogenoi also appeared, namely Nyx, daughter of Chaos and Tartarus, as well as Protogenos of Night. Without aid of a consort, she gave birth to Hemera, who ironically became the Protogenos of Day.
Second Giant War
Following the end of the Second Olympian War, Gaea stirred from her slumber and began raising the Gigantes from Tartarus to oppose the Olympian gods. Not only do several deceased beings return to life, but other Protogenoi actively begin to participate in the war.
The Argo II is attacked by the Ourae when it tries to cross the Apennine Mountains, as they are children of Gaea.
After falling into Tartarus, Percy Jackson and Annabeth Chase encounter Akhlys, Nyx, and finally the embodiment of Tartarus himself. Through the combined efforts of Iapetus and Damasen fighting him off, Percy and Annabeth escape from Tartarus.
At the end of the war, Gaea is dispersed so thin that hopefully she won't be able to form a consciousness again as had happened to Kronos.
Gaea, a protengos
As they are the very components that make up the universe, they have complete control of the domain they represent, which can rival or even exceed that of gods who preside over them.
All Protogenoi appear to be capable of manifesting in physical form to interact with lesser beings. Ouranos was able to appear in the form of a "tall, buff guy with longish hair", but still retained physical traits native to his domain, such as his skin being "blue with cloudy patterns" during the day and and "dark with glimmering stars" during the night.
Despite their great power, Protogenoi are still susceptible to being weakened to the point of dormancy. This is shown when Ouranos was ambushed by his sons and had his physical body cut to pieces by Kronos with the scythe. After the murder, Ouranos' essence was scattered and his physical form permanently destroyed, but he remains alive and immortal nonetheless.
Furthermore, if separated from their domain, Protogenoi are relatively less powerful than they would be if they were in their element. This was exploited, the Titans in killing of Ouranos and by Jason Grace when he used his aerokinetic powers to severe Gaea's contact with the earth, ultimately leading to her defeat when she is blown up by Leo Valdez and a missile.
Notable Protogenoi
 - Chaos: Protogenos of the Void
 - Gaea: Protogenos of the Earth
 - Ouranos: Protogenos of the Sky
 - Pontus: Protogenos of the Sea
 - Tartarus: Protogenos of the Pit
 - Nyx: Protogenos of Night
 - Erebus: Protogenos of Darkness
 - Hemera: Protogenos of Day
 - Aither: Protogenos of Air
 - Akhlys: Protogenos of Misery and Poison
 - Ourae: Protogenoi of Mountains
 - Chronos: Protogenos of Time
 - Elpis: Protogenos of Hope
 - Gaea is the only Protogenos to be in all five books of The Heroes of Olympus series.
 - The majority of the Protogenoi (excluding Gaea) make an appearance in The House of Hades as antagonists. They are the Ourea, Akhlys, Nyx, and Tartarus.
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How do venous valves work
How do venous valves work?
January 5, 2018 ANT MEDIC 0
Blood is pumped out of the heart by the arteries, delivered throughout the body and back through the veins to the heart. Therefore, in an upright human body, venous blood can overcome the effect of gravity and return from the lower limbs to the upper heart, which requires relying on the venous valve.


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The tenants were termed "mesne-lords," with regard to those holding from them, the immediate tenant being tenant in capite. The lowest tenant of all was the freeholder, or, as he was sometimes termed tenant paravail. The Crown, who in theory owned all lands, was lord paramount.
The great lords looked with dissatisfaction on the increase of such subtenures. Accordingly in 1290 a statute was passed, Quia Emptores, which allowed the tenant to alienate whenever he pleased, but the person to whom he granted the land was to hold it for the same immediate lord, and by the same services as the alienor held it before.


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Curious about what an EmExome is? Okay, probably not but the good folk at Emory University Healthcare are hoping that you say YES.
They've got a new service where they examine a bunch of your genome and then give you feedback, the amount depends on how much you pay, on what genetic problems you might have. The perfect way to really know yourself! LOL
Unfortunately this isn't cheap. There's 3 levels of service and the least expensive is $3,000. Yes, the price of a nice small hot tub.
Personally I'd rather soak in that nice hot water but if you're really inquisitive maybe you just have to know what's contained in your DNA. And if you want more explanation and hand-holding, then there's also the $5k and $9k levels. Yikes!
Here's their explanation of the EmExome concept:
What is the EmExome?If that's made you curious, go to their website and find out more---but be sure to have a fat wallet. This stuff is expensive! However, a few years ago it wasn't available at any price. Who knows what it'll cost in a decade or so---by then it might be free! It really is amazing how many tests are available if you're looking at targeted areas. There's 39 tests in the Metabolic Testing area alone. And there's another 8 areas in which you can order tests. Brave new world, indeed.
The exome is estimated to encompass approximately 1-2% of the genome, yet contains approximately 85% of disease-causing mutations. At this time, 92% of the exome can be analyzed by in-solution hybridization and next generation sequencing. EmExome sequencing is used to detect variants in known disease-associated genes as well as for the discovery of novel gene-disease associations. Traditionally, gene discovery has been done in research laboratories; now, however, with the ability to sequence nearly the entire coding region of the human genome, it is possible for clinical laboratories to use this information to identify a previously unrecognized cause of disease.


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Respiratory motion is difficult to compensate for with conventional radiotherapy systems. An accurate tracking method for following the motion of the tumor is of considerable clinical relevance. We investigate methods to compensate for respiratory motion using robotic radiosurgery. In this system the therapeutic beam is moved by a robotic arm, and follows the moving target through a combination of infrared tracking and synchronized x-ray imaging. Infrared emitters are used to record the motion of the patient's skin surface. The position of internal gold fiducials is computed repeatedly during treatment, via x-ray image processing. We correlate the motion between external and internal markers. From this correlation model we infer the placement of the internal target during time intervals where no x-ray images are taken. Fifteen patients with lung tumors have recently been treated with a fully integrated system implementing this new method. The clinical trials confirm our hypothesis that internal motion and external motion are indeed correlated. In a preliminar study we have extended our work to tracking without implanted fiducials, based on algorithms for computing deformation motions and digitally reconstructed radiographs.
View details for DOI 10.1118/_PHONE_
View details for Web of Science ID 000224743200003
View details for PubMedID _PHONE_


Combat Role
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Basic Information
A Combat Role is a definition of what a character does during a battle, fight scene, or military engagement. I don't mean what they do at a random specific moment, but rather the general niche they try to fill, their part of the overall strategy, etc.
Combat Roles
NPC-Only Combat Roles
3. RPG: Dungeons & Dragons 4th Edition addresses this concept directly, though the list above doesn't make use of the terms they coined. D&D, in turn, largely stole the concept from various MMORPG communities.
4. Years of gaming experience.
Game and Story Use
 - Knowing what your characters' Combat Role is will help you maximize your tactics and perform more consistently in battle. Knowing the combat roles of your entire Adventuring Party will help coordinate that team into an effective fighting force. It'll save player character lives, and kill monsters dead.
 - Likewise, if the GM puts some thought towards varying / mixing up the Combat Roles of the NPCs, it can make those fight scenes a lot more engaging and interesting, instead of being just another redundant slugfest.
 - Not to mention, having an idea how the monsters will fight is another way to adjust the difficulty rating of an encounter. Two different bands of orcs with the same numbers, weapons, and hit points can play out very differently. If one is a cohesive unit that supports each other, picks out specific targets, and makes use of terrain, they may be much more deadly than the group that just kinda randomly charges in.
 - Of course, for some players, this sort of metagame analysis just spoils the magic. The Method Actor and Narrativist types might not want to analyze tactics at all, because the Role-Playing aspect is much more important to them than the Game aspect. Pushing too hard on this can actually diminish their fun. If that's the case with your group, either learn to live with mildly suboptimal tactics, or figure out a way to have strategy discussions in-character.
 - Also, these roles work best within the paradigm in which they were created - combat heavy fantasy gaming - and are less workable in higher realism games, whatever the genre.


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The Regional History Of Texan BBQ
When most people think of Texas, they think of vast ranches, wild cowboys, big hats, and bigger guns. This image has been reinforced by movies and pop culture portrayals. That's why the Texas flooding after Hurricane Harvey was such a surprise. Few people knew Texas could possibly be underwater, or even that it has such a vast coastline.
As it turns out, that coastline is a big part of Texan heritage. Texan settlers crossed that ocean from Germany and Czechoslovakia, which was the part of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Both these nations were ruled by strong communist regimes, and many enterprising settlers left in search of freedom and profit.
In their homelands, a lot of these settlers were in the meat industry. They were butchers, so when they emigrated, they brought their trade with them, opening meat packing businesses. Back then there were no refrigerators, so meat was preserved by salting.
Later, butchers realised they could make meat last a few days longer by exposing it to smoke for long periods. The smoke was produced from embers, so the temperature was low. Smoking partially cooked the meat, and it could be eaten as is or cooked further.
Initially, smoking was used to preserve meat that hadn't been sold that day. The following day, customers had the option to buy yesterday's smoked meat at a discount. But they liked this smoked meat so much that soon it became a standard 'cut' rather than a quick fix to make old meat usable, even though smoking meat is anything but swift.
As these butchers crossed the ocean, they carried their salting and smoking ways with them. The butcher shops developed into the first barbeque eateries, where the butchers would open at 11 a.m. every day and sell smoked meat until their supplies ran out.
They usually remained closed on Sundays, because most people spent the day in church or with family, and the tradition continues to this day. Modern barbeque spots still use the same styles and techniques that were applied back then.
Although European meat suppliers had the same basic processes, their style adjusted slightly as they occupied different areas of the vast Texas landscape. Today, each region has its own distinct barbequing style and tradition, peppered with local characteristics.
While many regions like their barbeque steak sliced, East Texans prefer to do things a little different. Their meat is served in chopped chunks served in a bun. It looks rather like a sandwich, or a really wet burger. These barbeque cuts are served without coleslaw, and are doused in hot sauce. The hotter and wetter, the better, and it's mostly beef and pork.
Central Texas is the official home of Original Texas BBQ. They started the tradition of '11.00 a.m. till the meat is gone', and they sold their customers smoked meat packs carefully wrapped in red butcher paper. They still do, and have since exported their style to New York, California, the UK, and even here in Australia.
Central Texans are all about their meat. Sauce is an afterthought so it's usually thin and bland. Patrons enjoy their meat in a buffet style, grabbing a cafeteria tray and walking along the butcher's line, getting slices and cuts by the pound then adding sides of bread, jalapenos, onions, and dessert.
In the West, Texans like to eat like cowboys. They cook their meat over high heat, using direct flames and smoking the meat with mesquite fruitwood. Their main preference is for beef, though they also roast goat and mutton, which is softer and more chewy.
Southern Texan cuisine has been heavily influenced by their neighbours across the wall. Their barbeque style has a heavy Mexican element. In this part of the state, ranches were big business, and they were largely staffed by Mexican workers.
Sometimes, these workers were partially paid in meat, but they were only given the parts that ranchers didn't want, such as the head, tongue, or diaphragm. Mexicans used these diaphragms to make fajitas, and repurposed cow tongues into tacos.
As for the head, the put it in a pack made of maguey leaves dipped in water, and covered the meat completely. They dug a hole, placed the head, leaves, and coals, and covered up the hole. The meat was left inside the hole for a few hours before being exhumed and consumed.
By the time the meat came out of the hole, it was tender and flavourful, so they pulled the morsels off the skull and used it to make tacos. This style of cow-head cooking was called barbacoa, and is now a South Texas trademark, though it's not buried in a hole anymore.
These days, they cook barbacoa in a double boiler known as a bain-marie. It's not as gangsta as cooking through a hole in the ground, but it gets the job done. So, as you enjoy your barbeque, wherever you are in the world, send a heartfelt salute to Texas, and if you ever bump into a Texan, be sure to thank them with a beer.


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Arriving here in April and May from their wintering grounds in Africa, nightjars nest on the ground on heathland and in young conifer woods. They are nocturnal, feeding on moths, flies and beetles. Amazingly well camouflaged, it is best to look for nightjars at dusk during May and June when the males can be seen displaying to females, flying around them, wing-clapping and calling. The call of the male nightjar is a distinctive 'churring' sound and often the best indicator they are about.
How to identify
If seen well, the nightjar is unmistakeable; its cryptic, bark-like plumage hiding it amongst the undergrowth. Adults have flat heads, a small bill with a surprisingly large gape and big eyes. Males have white patches towards the end of the wings and at the end of the tail; females lack these.
Where to find it
A rare summer visitor to England, Wales and southern Scotland.
When to find it
How can people help
Nightjars suffered massive declines in the 1980s due to loss of habitat; over 80% of lowland heathland in the UK has been lost in just 200 years. Nesting on the ground also means that nightjars are very sensitive to disturbance. The parents can easily be scared off their nests by walkers and particularly their dogs, leaving the eggs vulnerable to predators. Ensuring breeding birds are not disturbed and heathland nature reserves are well-managed are just some of the ways The Wildlife Trusts are helping this bird to survive. You can help too: volunteer for The Wildlife Trusts and you could be involved in everything from clearing scrub to raising awareness about nesting birds. And don't forget to keep dogs on leads in areas where ground-nesting birds are breeding.


Various Foods for Personalized Nutrition Support
Sophia Tasler, RDN, CD
As a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist having received her Bachelor of Science in Nutrition degree from Bastyr University, Sophia highly values a holistic approach to wellness. Having struggled with choosing the "perfect" food and feeling the societal pressure to be "practically perfect in every way," Sophia recognizes how difficult it can be to strike balance with food, body image and health in this current climate of an image obsessed diet culture.
Challenging diet culture and integrating the wisdom of various modalities to nurture a client's journey towards healing is part of her personal mission. Sophia realizes food can be an integral piece of the healing process from which each medicine becomes rooted. Food's healing ability is powerful, dynamic, and at times mysterious. Technology is still trying to unlock the sophisticated science of food. Yet, if we become rigid and bogged down by pseudoscience food rules it can be difficult for the body to access the healing. Regaining trust in the body can be scary. It is with this deep respect of nature's timeless technology and our body's innate ability to heal that she helps clients create a personalized nutrition plan to support and heal their relationship with food and body.
Weight inclusive medical nutrition therapy is routinely applied to diabetes, cardiovascular health, hormone balance, digestive health, navigating food allergies, eating disorder recovery and breaking the cycle of diet culture based eating patterns and belief systems. Sophia's goal with each client is to enrich their life through nutrition in a balanced sustainable way.
Her nutrition counseling approach is gentle yet direct, calming yet inspiring. She incorporates motivational interviewing techniques, Health At Every Size, mindfulness, self-compassion, non-diet approach, Intuitive Eating and Body Trust practices with every session. She is a current candidate for Body Trust Provider certification, Cohort 7.
By individually supporting you in the unique way that you need, she trusts you can cultivate a healthier more joyous life with food and body.


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Rice seed storage proteins glutelin and α-globulin are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and deposited in protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Sar1, a small GTPase, acts as a molecular switch to regulate the assembly of coat protein complex II, which exports secretory protein from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. To reveal the route by which glutelin and α-globulin exit the ER, four putative Sar1 genes (OsSar1a/b/c/d) were cloned from rice, and transgenic rice were generated with Sar1 overexpressed or suppressed by RNA interference (RNAi) specifically in the endosperm under the control of the rice glutelin promoter. Overexpression or suppression of any OsSar1 did not alter the phenotype. However, simultaneous knockdown of OsSar1a/b/c resulted in floury and shrunken seeds, with an increased level of glutelin precursor and decreased level of the mature α- and β-subunit. OsSar1abc RNAi endosperm generated numerous, spherical, novel protein bodies with highly electron-dense matrixes containing both glutelin and α-globulin. Notably, the novel protein bodies were surrounded by ribosomes, showing that they were derived from the ER. Some of the ER-derived dense protein bodies were attached to a blebbing structure containing prolamin. These results indicated that OsSar1a/b/c play a crucial role in storage proteins exiting from the ER, with functional redundancy in rice endosperm, and glutelin and α-globulin transported together from the ER to the Golgi apparatus by a pathway mediated by coat protein complex II.
Keywords: Endoplasmic reticulum; OsSar1; protein body; protein intracellular transport; protein storage vacuole; rice storage proteins..


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Lesson 1: Retell a Story in Sequential Order
First Day Jitters | 210L
- Learning Goal
- Retell a story in sequential order.
- Approximately 50 minutes
- Necessary Materials
- Provided: Guided Practice Example Chart; Independent Practice Passage, "The Missing Rock"
Not Provided: First Day Jitters by Julie Danneburg, chart paper, markers
will explain to students that when retelling a story, it is important to retell it in the correct sequence (or order). I will model retelling a familiar story previously read aloud in class. I will chart the events as I retell the story and discuss how important it is to tell the story in sequential order. Note: Save the chart of the retell for Lesson 2.
Ask: How did I retell the story? Students should respond that you told the story in the order in which the events happened.
will read First Day Jitters by Julie Danneberg, and chart details from the story in sequential order after we finish reading. (Guided Practice Teacher Example Chart is provided below in Teacher and Student Materials.)
TIP: Read The First Day Jitters before charting the retelling of the story. Then do a picture walk through the story to remind students of the events in the story and the order in which they occurred.
will follow along as we read together the passage "The Missing Rock." You will list the events in sequential order and then retell the story to a partner. (Student Independent Practice is provided below.)
TIP: Allow students to add as many details to their retelling as they want. The focus of this lesson is to retell the story in sequential order. The next lesson will focus on important events versus minor details.
Build Student Vocabulary fumbled
|Tier 2 Word: fumbled|
|Contextualize the word as it is used in the story||When Sarah Jane Hartwell is getting dressed, "she fumbled into her clothes."|
|Explain the meaning student-friendly definition)||To fumble means to act in a nervous or clumsy way. When Sarah Jane Hartwell fumbled into her clothes, she clumsily and nervously got dressed.|
|Students repeat the word||Say the word fumbled with me: fumbled.|
|Teacher gives examples of the word in other contexts||I fumbled for my eyeglasses in the dark room. I fumbled for my keys in my messy purse.|
|Students provide examples||When have you fumbled? Start by saying, "I fumbled when_________________."|
|Students repeat the word again.||What word are we talking about? fumbled|
|Additional Vocabulary Words||covers (noun), slumped|
After reading the passage "The Missing Rock", explain that while turtles are slow walkers, they are fast swimmers. Turtles have webbed feet and a curved shell, which helps them to move quickly underwater. On land, however, turtles carry around a heavy shell, they have short legs that are not directly beneath them, and they have very slow blood flow above water, causing them to move slowly.
Texts & Materials
(To see all of the ReadWorks lessons aligned to your standards, click here.)


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Table of Contents :
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Bright Light at Night Could Up Depression Risk, Mouse Study Suggests
Latest Depression News
WEDNESDAY, Nov. 14 (HealthDay News) -- A new study suggests that when the sun goes down, you might end up happier and better able to learn new things if you turn down all the lights -- even your computer screen.
Unfortunately, the research was done just with mice. But because they share the same set of special light-activated cells in their eyes that humans have -- known as ipRGCs -- it may be that the comparisons could apply to people.
Those cells, called intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, are stimulated by bright light, which affects the brain's mood, memory and learning centers, the researchers said.
"Expose yourself to bright light in the day and avoid it at night," suggested study co-author Samer Hattar, an associate professor of biology and neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore. "That will keep the ipRGCs that affect mood from being activated."
The research was published online in the Nov. 14 in the journal Nature.
Hattar said the research team was initially interested in whether seasonal affective disorder (SAD) -- a form of depression people sometimes experience in the lower-light winter months -- applied to mice. They exposed mice to an alternating cycle of 3.5 hours of light and then 3.5 hours of darkness. The mice got depressed.
How do you know that a mouse is sad? They take less interest in sugar and move less in the cage, and they have trouble learning and remembering, Hattar explained. When the mice were given Prozac (fluoxetine), a commonly prescribed antidepressant, their symptoms went away.
To understand the role of the retina's neurological circuits in affecting mood, memory and learning, the researchers studied animals that didn't have the specialized ipRGC cells.
Without them, the irregular light schedule did not impair mood and cognitive (thinking) function, even though their vision and general light detection ability remained intact. This showed that light affects learning and mood directly through these special photosensitive retinal cells, Hattar said.
The researchers created light-exposure patterns for the mice that allowed the scientists to rule out the possibility that circadian rhythm and sleep disruption were responsible for the changes in mood and learning ability they observed.
Circadian rhythms are physical, mental and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, responding primarily to light and darkness in an organism's environment, according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
One expert questioned whether the mice's normal circadian rhythm was indeed maintained. "Perhaps even though the overall sleep timing pattern remained intact, the quality of their sleep deteriorated," suggested Tony Tang, an adjunct professor in the department of psychology at Northwestern University, in Evanston, Ill.
Tang also found an important difference between how humans are exposed to light at night in modern life and how the reaction of mice to light was tested during the research.
"In the current study, the poor mice ended up having bright lights shining on them while they slept; but for humans in the past century, we've stayed up while we kept lights on, and then turned the lights off when we sleep," he said.
Scientists note that research with animals often fails to provide similar results in humans.
Study co-author Hattar said the study should be replicated in human subjects. "But even if it comes out not as clear as it did in mice, I think there will be some benefit for people to turn down their lights at night. I don't think there is any harm in it."
Copyright © 2012 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
SOURCES: Samer Hattar, Ph.D., associate professor, biology and neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; Tony Tang, Ph.D., adjunct professor, department of psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.; Nov. 14, 2012, Nature online
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Spenser's Amoretti and Epithalamion
what the pagan and christian elements found in epithalamion?
how are the referances of paganism and christianity depicted in epithalamion written by edmund spenser? how is the
tradition of rennaissane is followed in epithalamion?
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Though firmly entrenched in the Protestant Christian tradition, Spenser followed the artists of his day in admiring the work and beliefs of the ancient Greeks. Nowhere is this more evident than in Amoretti and Epithalamion, where the driving emotion--love--is given free rein to roam the fields of nymphs and drink deeply in the bowers of Bacchus. Spenser uses the most lusty of pagan traditions to emphasize his full-bodied passion for his bride and for life itself. In Spenser's poetic world, there is no division between spirit and flesh; to exalt one is to exalt the other.Pride is another element found in this work. In both the Protestant Christian tradition and the classical Greek tradition, pride is often referred to as the greatest sin a person can commit. Spenser deals with pride in Amoretti, sometimes criticizing his beloved for her proud stance, but more often defending her pride as an outward manifestation of her inner perfection. That she seems proud to lesser men is true only because these men (including the speaker) are truly lesser beings than she. She is not arrogant--she merely is who and what she was created to be.


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Relationships and Sex Education
We recently had 'Big Talk Education' come into school to deliver high quality, age appropriate Relationship & Sex Education. They ran a workshop for parents and separate workshops for all age groups.
Below is some information from 'The Growing Up Safe Programme' which was delivered to the Children by BigTalk Education. It reflects the Ofsted & SEF (the National Children's Bureau's Sex Education Forum) recommendations.
Age 3 Nursery A fun learning environment where the children are taught the differences between boys and girls, naming body parts, correct scientific words, private areas of the body, good touches and bad touches.
Ages 4 to 8 (Reception School Years 1, 2 & 3) Re-enforces and checks what was covered in Nursery. Using specially designed child friendly resources, at the end of this session they will be able to identify happy situations and those which may be risky (e.g. other children or adults taking improper photographs of them, inappropriate touches, exposure to unsuitable media etc.) in addition to who they can talk to if they are worried.
Ages 8 to 9 (School Year 4) We cover different kinds of families, similarities and differences between boys and girls, the emotional and physical changes of growing up (puberty) how babies are made, then develop in the womb etc. (reproduction). Looking after our bodies and how to be safe and healthy are also discussed.
Ages 9 to 11 (School Years 5 & 6) Reproduction and puberty are re-capped, the children are given the opportunity to ask questions. As well as additional questions on puberty, they will often want more details on how babies develop and are born. It is important children know there is someone in school as well as at home if they want help, advice or more information etc. (Information at this stage is vital to protect them as they move onto Secondary School and to provide an alternative to Google etc.)
All the resources BigTalk Education use are age appropriate and help keep children protected from unwanted touches, abuse and exposure to unsuitable images etc. Research now shows that children receiving this type of education are three times more likely to speak out if they are touched inappropriately etc.
KEY FACTS ABOUT THE BIG TALK EDUCATION
* +18% increase in parents' confidence, now 92%.
* +50% increase in staff confidence.
"The session was fantastic, what a great way of educating our children. I am really pleased you are bringing this subject into main stream school. Keep it up, great work!" Claire and Wayne Martin, child in Year 5.
"Great lesson, very respectful of the school ethos and values. Cleverly explained all the necessary facts." M Janvier, Teacher Year 2.
For further information, please visit _URL_
Rationale and Context for Education in Sex and Relationships
Following the Guiding Principles, the Catholic character of the school requires that, in the specific area of Education in Relationships and Sex, the leadership and management of St Francis Xavier Catholic Primary School, working with foundation governors, will:
- ensure that the school seeks to remain faithful to Catholic belief and teaching on matters of faith and morality.
- promote Catholic belief and teaching concerning human dignity and relationships and, in particular, encourage an understanding of and respect for the sanctity of human life, the virtue of chastity, and the sacrament of marriage.
- oversee the delivery of education in relationships and sex to guarantee its faithfulness to the belief and teaching of the Catholic Church (this includes the content of teaching and resources) so that it excludes anything which risks reducing the understanding of sexuality to the level of a mere bodily function, biological process or recreational activity.
- recognise the primary role of parents in the education of their children and, 'in particular, sex education is a basic right of the parents and must always be carried out under their close supervision.' The school recognises that education in relationships and sex is done in the name of parents, with their consent and with their authorisation. Consequently, any school based education in relationships and sex must always be carried out in direct consultation with parents.
- demonstrate pastoral sensitivity for the cultural, personal and family circumstances of children and young people while maintaining the integrity of Catholic belief and teaching.
- enable the formation of children and young people through a consistent application of Catholic belief and teaching on matters of faith and morality across the whole curriculum and from all staff.
- monitor the involvement and teaching of external agencies/visiting speakers, and the distribution of resources within school provided by them – in order that all presentations and content are in accordance with the belief and teachings of the Catholic Church.
 The following rationale is informed by the Bishops' Conference Low Week statement from 1987 and the policy statement of the Diocese of Lancaster on education in personal relationships from 2010.


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Geo-location and points of interest
Geo-location helps you measure location data by using latitude and longitude and predefined points of interest in your iOS apps.
Each trackLocation call sends the following:
- Latitude, longitude, and location in a point of interest (POI) that is defined in Adobe Mobile services.This information is passed to mobile solution variables for automatic reporting.
- Distance from center and accuracy passed as context data.These variables are not captured automatically. You must map these context data variables by using the instructions in Sending Additional Data section below.
Dynamic POI updates
Starting in version 4.2, POIs are defined in the Adobe Mobile interface and synchronized dynamically to the app configuration file. This synchronization requires an analytics.poi setting in the ADBMobile.json file:
For more information, see ADBMobile JSON Config.
If this is not configured, an updated version of the ADBMobile.json file must be downloaded and added to your app. For more information and instructions, see Download the SDK and Testing Tools in Before you Start.
Track geo-locations and POIs
- Add the library to your project and implement lifecycle.For more information, see Add the SDK and Config File to your Project in Core Implementation and Lifecycle.
- Import the library:
- Call trackLocation to track the current location:
CLLocation *currentLocation = location; [ADBMobile trackLocation: currentLocation data: nil];You can call trackLocation at any time.To determine the location that is passed to the trackLocation call, use Getting the User's Location.
Additionally, if the location is determined to be in a defined POI radius, an a.loc.poi context data variable is sent in with the trackLocation hit and is reported as a POI in Location reports. An a.loc.dist context variable is also sent with the distance in meters from the defined coordinates.
Send additional data
In addition to the location data, you can send additional context data with each track location call:
NSMutableDictionary *contextData = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; [contextData setObject:@"GPS" forKey:@"myapp.location.LocationSource"]; [ADBMobile trackLocation: currentLocation data:contextData];
Context data values must be mapped to custom variables:
Location context data
The latitude and longitude are each sent using three different context data parameters, with each parameter representing a different level of precision, for a total of six context data parameters.
For example, the coordinates lat = 40.93231, lon = -111.93152 represent a location with 1 m precision. This location is split according to the level of precision across the following variables:
- a.loc.lat.a = 040.9
- a.loc.lat.b = 32
- a.loc.lat.c = 31
- a.loc.lon.a = -111.9
- a.loc.lon.b = 31
- a.loc.lon.c = 52
Some precision levels might appear as "00" depending on the accuracy of the current location. For example, if the location is currently accurate to 100m, a.loc.lat.c and a.loc.lon.c will be populated with "00".
Remember the following information:
- A trackLocation request sends in the equivalent of a trackAction call.
- POIs are not passed as part of normal trackAction and trackState calls, so you must use a trackLocation call to track POIs.
- trackLocation should be called as often as necessary to track location and POIs.We recommend calling trackLocation when the app starts and then as needed based on the requirements of the application.
- POIs are populated only after they are defined in the app configuration file.They are not applied to historical trackLocation calls that were sent previously.
- trackLocation calls support sending additional context data similar to trackAction calls.
- When two POIs have overlapping diameters, the first POI that contains the current location is used.If your POIs overlap, you should list POIs in order of most granular to least granular to ensure that the most granular POI is reported.


Question: What Is The Difference Between AB And Line With AB Over It?
What does the line over two letters mean?
The bar over the two letters indicates it is a line segment, rather than a line, which goes on forever in both directions.
By a single letter.
The segment above would be called simply "y"..
What is difference between line segment and line?
Roughly, we can say that a line is an infinitely thin, infinitely long collection of points extending in two opposite directions. … A line segment has two endpoints. It contains these endpoints and all the points of the line between them. You can measure the length of a segment, but not of a line.
How do you write line AB?
A line is one-dimensional and has no width. It is identified by naming two points on the line or by writing a lowercase letter of choice after the line. The notation, for example, AB (written with a line symbol <---> over the letters), is read as "line AB" and refers to the line that has points A and B.
What does Ray AB look like?
Naming of rays Recall that points are usually labelled with single upper-case (capital) letters. There is a shorthand way of writing this: This is read as "ray AB". The arrow over the two letters indicates it is a ray, and the arrow direction indicates that A is the point where the ray starts.
What are points on the same line called?
Three or more points that lie on the same line are collinear points. Example : The points A, B and C lie on the line m.
How do you write segment AB?
In geometry, you will write a line segment using the letters for each of the end points and a line over the top of the letters. For example, if your end points were A and B, then you would write your line segment AB with a line over the top.
How many ways can a line be named?
12 waysline, line, line, and line. Therefore, in 12 ways the line l can be named using only these points A, B, C, and D, if different order implies different name. A plane can be named using any three non collinear points on the same plane.
Why are points lines and planes important?
The concepts of points, lines, planes, line segments, and rays are crucial for creating a great foundation on which to understand Geometry. The symbolism is particularly important. … A Point is a place in space that has no dimension. It is represented by a dot and is labeled with a capital letter.
What is another name for Line AB?
Collinear points are points that lie on the same line. Coplanar points are points that lie in the same plane. Line AB (written as ) passes through points A and B. The line segment AB, or segment AB (written as ), consists of the endpoints A and B and all points on between A and B.
What does AB mean in math?
Common Symbols Used in GeometryMeaningExampleIn WordsLine Segment "AB"ABThe line segment between A and BLine "AB"The infinite line that includes A and BRay "AB"The line that starts at A, goes through B and continues onCongruent (same shape and size)ABC DEFTriangle ABC is congruent to triangle DEF8 more rows
What does V with a line over it mean?
v = ∆s. ∆t. The bar over the v indicates an average or a mean and the ∆ (delta) symbol indicates a change. Read it as "vee bar is delta vee over delta tee".
What does line AB mean?
A line is one of the basic terms in geometry. … We write the name of a line passing through two different points A and B as "line AB" or as, the two-headed arrow over AB signifying a line passing through points A and B.
Does a line have an end?
A line has no end points. A line segment has two endpoints. A line segment connects both endpoints. If the two lines cannot meet at any point, they are called parallel lines.
What is a line with two arrows called?
How do you show parallel lines?
If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then corresponding angles are congruent. If two lines are cut by a transversal and corresponding angles are congruent, then the lines are parallel.


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Definition: School has clear rules and expectations for appropriate behaviors. Students are clear about the behaviors expected of them and experience consistency in boundary enforcement.
Are the students clear about the expectations? Rules? Do the students have a say in the rules for their classrooms or for their school?
Aggregate survey results: 78% of the students at Discovering Choices perceive the school having a clear set of rules and expectations for behaviors.


Oxygenates a part of the brain known as the pineal gland, the seat of our emotions. The pineal gland is responsible for releasing melatonin, which enhances deep sleep. Sandalwood is similar to frankincense oil in supporting a healthy nervous and circulatory system.This sandalwood variety is native to India and is steam distilled at our partner farm in Australia's tropical northern outback to ensure its authenticity and purity. Sacred Sandalwood™ essential oil provides an uplifting, warm, woodsy, and sweet aroma while offering a variety of skin benefits.
Sacred Sandalwood Essential Oil


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Research has consistently revealed that team cohesion is positively related to team performance under certain conditions. In response to the need for understanding this relationship more fully, and because of the promising new insights that can be garnered with the use of social network analysis (SNA), this study employs SNA as a tool to explore a case study of the structural cohesiveness of two women's collegiate basketball teams. Members of the two teams completed online roster-based surveys related to different types of structural cohesion levels at four points during the season. This case study revealed that the higher performing team showed improved structural cohesion in the efficacy network over the four phases, and highlighted the movement of key players in the different networks (friendship, trust, advice, and efficacy) over time. These patterns demonstrate the potential for SNA to function as a diagnostic tool for organizations and researchers to generate testable hypotheses even in instances where statistical inference may be precluded by sampling constraints. In short, SNA was found to be a valuable new tool for exploring, depicting, and informing explanations about the individual relationships that impact team dynamics.
Stacy Warner, Matthew T. Bowers, and Marlene A. Dixon
Inge Milius, Wade D. Gilbert, Danielle Alexander, and Gordon A. Bloom
broadly referred to as tactile communication, and its impact on athlete performance and team dynamics. Heckel, Allen, and Blackmon ( 1986 ) completed what appears to be the first study of tactile communication in sport. Studying the touch behaviors of winning team members in men's intramural flag football
Rachel A. Van Woezik, Alex J. Benson, and Mark W. Bruner
exploring how coaches manage team dynamics following injury. Specifically, we sought to explore coaches' perspectives on (a) what occurs within a team from the time of injury to when an injured athlete returns to the lineup and (b) how coaches respond to an injury event in the midst of a competitive season
Alex J. Benson, Mark A. Eys, and P. Gregory Irving
Many athletes experience a discrepancy between the roles they expect to fulfill and the roles they eventually occupy. Drawing from met expectations theory, we applied response surface methodology to examine how role expectations, in relation to role experiences, influence perceptions of group cohesion among Canadian Interuniversity Sport athletes (N = 153). On the basis of data from two time points, as athletes approached and exceeded their role contribution expectations, they reported higher perceptions of task cohesion. Furthermore, as athletes approached and exceeded their social involvement expectations, they reported higher perceptions of social cohesion. These response surface patterns—pertaining to task and social cohesion—were driven by the positive influence of role experiences. On the basis of the interplay between athletes' role experiences and their perception of the group environment, efforts to improve team dynamics may benefit from focusing on improving the quality of role experiences, in conjunction with developing realistic role expectations.
Matt D. Hoffmann, Todd M. Loughead, and Gordon A. Bloom
The general objective of the current study was to explore the experiences of elite level athletes who reported being peer mentored by other athletes during their sporting careers. The primary purpose was to identify the mentoring functions provided by athlete mentors, while the secondary purpose was to examine the outcomes related to peer mentored athletes' (i.e., protégés) mentoring experiences. Individual interviews were conducted with 14 elite peer mentored athletes, and the data were analyzed using a hierarchical content analysis. The results indicated that athlete mentors provided a variety of specific functions that facilitated protégés' progression through sport and development from a personal standpoint. The findings also showed that protégés benefitted in terms of enhanced performance and confidence, and also demonstrated a willingness to provide mentorship to their peers. In sum, the results of the current study may be used to enhance the effectiveness of peer mentoring relationships between athletes.
Jamie Collins and Natalie Durand-Bush
The purpose of this study was to investigate coaching strategies to optimize team functioning in the context of high performance curling. Strategies were elicited from 10 male coaches, 12 women's teams (N = 49 athletes) and seven men's teams (N = 29 athletes) competing at an elite level. Over 150 strategies were identified as being essential for functioning effectively as a team and they pertained to the following seven components: (a) individual attributes (e.g., create a player contract), (b) team attributes (e.g., determine and adjust game strategy), (c) the foundational process of communication (e.g., script routines for communication), (d) structural team processes (e.g., determine acceptable behaviour/standards), (e) individual regulation processes (e.g., do self-assessments/check-ins), (f) team regulation processes (e.g., discuss leadership behaviours), and (g) the context (e.g., prepare for the opposition). Implications for coaching interventions are provided.
Daryl Gibson and Donna O'Connor
The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of elite professional football coaches when their team has experienced a "losing streak" of at least three consecutive matches. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 elite coaches from the National Rugby League, Australian Football League, and Super Rugby or international-level Rugby Union. Reflexive thematic analysis resulted in the development of six themes, which were organized under a practical three-phase framework. The "pre" phase included (a) team environment; the "during" phase included (b) context of the streak influences strategy, (c) coach approach with the team, (d) disruption in the team dynamic, (e) the coaches' personal response; and the "post" phase included (f) poststreak reflection. These coaches encountered complex multifactorial contextual situations, which required them to accurately assess the underlying issues that were causing failure and decide on a leadership approach that would reverse underperformance. Overall, these findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the temporal dimension of coaches' approaches to losing streaks and highlight the critical process involved in establishing a team environment capable of responding with positive individual and collective cognitive and behavioral responses following successive losses.
Peter Gould and Nancy Jo Greenawalt
The cross-disciplinary perspectives of the physical educator and human geographer are used to illustrate methodological approaches to the analysis of team games. Spatial transformations of player configurations raise questions of two-dimensional, or Euclidean, regression, from which residuals create inter-pretable vector fields. Asymmetries in team play raise questions of the "winds of influence" blowing through appropriate spaces as graphic summaries of team dynamics. The meteorological analogy is explored further as teams create pressure surfaces, or forcing functions, which control the "flow of the game." Finally, an algebraic topological language of structure is suggested to describe the dynamics of player-polyhedra by defining a relation upon a set of players engaged in a game.
Consulting issues that confront applied sport psychology personnel in gaining entry to working with athletic teams on a long-term basis are discussed. Barriers to entry are examined at the onset and it is emphasized that these obstacles must be overcome by all consultants. Strategies for overcoming such barriers include establishing respect and trust of key athletic personnel, gaining the head coach's respect, knowing the sport, becoming knowledgeable of the coach's orientation and team dynamics, gaining support at all levels of the organization, clarifying services to be provided, and making presentations to coaching staffs and athletes. Additional guidelines are discussed in an effort to better clarify the role of the applied sport psychology consultant. These include clarifying one's own consulting needs, maintaining confidentiality, the need for open and honest communication, support demonstrated by coaches, and collecting research data while consulting.
Krista Munroe, Paul Estabrooks, Paul Dennis, and Albert Carron
This study aimed to identify group norms present in sport teams for practices, competition, social situations, and the off-season. Participants (n = 87 males, n = 53 females) were asked to list behaviors prescribed (i.e., expected) or proscribed (i.e., not appropriate) for each of the four situations. Results showed that a norm associated with productivity was the most frequently cited for competitions (16.3%), practice (22.3%), and the off-season (60.1%). Many of the other frequently cited norms indirectly reflected on productivity—punctuality (23.6 and 8.9% for practices and competitions, respectively), attendance (13.6 and 3.0%, respectively), and preparedness (3.3 and 7.1%, respectively). An overwhelming majority of the other norms cited were related to group maintenance (i.e., in the off-season, maintain contact, 8.7%; in social situations, attend functions. 16.5%; and respect teammates, 16.5%). Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to sport team dynamics.


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(/usr/bin/tentacle_client by default).
1.5.44 wmi_client
Full path to the WMI client binary (/usr/bin/wmic by default).
1.5.45 snmp_blacklist
Path to the SNMP blacklist file (/etc/pandora/satellite_server.blacklist by default).
1.5.46 add_host [agent name]
Adds the given host to the list of monitored agents. The name for the agent can be specified after the IP address. Multiple hosts may be added, one per line. For example:
add host 192.168.0.1 add host 192.168.0.2 localhost.localdomain
1.5.47 ignore_host
Removes the given host from the list of monitored agents, even if it is found in a network scan by a recon task. The host must be identified by the name of the agent. Multiple hosts may be ignored, one per line.For example:
ignore host 192.168.0.1 ignore host localhost.localdomain
1.5.48 keepalive xxx
Satellite Server reports its status to Pandora Server and checks remote configurations (from agent generated and itself) every keepalive seconds. It is 30 seconds by default.
1.5.49 credential_pass xxx
Password used to encrypt credential box passwords. It must match the one defined in the Pandora FMS Console. The hostname is used by default.
1.5.50 timeout_bin
If defined, the timeout program (usually /usr/bin/timeout) will be used to call the Tentacle client.
1.5.51 timeout_seconds xxx
Timeout in seconds for the timeout command. timeout_bin must be configured.
1.5.52 proxy_traps_to
Proxy SNMP traps received by the Satellite Server to the given address (and port). Port 162 is used by default.
1.5.53 proxy_tentacle_from
The Tentacle server gives permission to the address and the port given. Port 41121 is used by default.
1.5.54 proxy_tentacle_to
Proxy Tentacle client requests received by the Satellite Server to the given address (and port). Port 41121 is used by default.
This option may be in conflict with remote agent configuration.
This occurs if the Satellite Server is intended to be used as a proxy for some software agents and to monitor them remotely from the Satellite Server itself (ICMP, SNMP, etc.) with remote configuration enabled in both cases.
In this situation it is necessary to either use different agents for the performed checks (i.e. with different agent_name), or leave the remote configuration enabled only on one of the two (Satellite Server or software agents).
1.5.55 dynamic_inc 0|1
Set to 1 to move dynamic auto-discovered modules (SNMP, WMI...) to separate files so that they don't interfere with remote agent configuration.
1.5.56 vlan_cache_enabled 0|1
Enable (1) o Disable(0) the VLAN cache in the self-discovered hosts.
1.5.57 verbosity <0-10> (Version > 7.0OUM204)
Log verbosity level from 0 (less verbose) to 10 (more verbose).
1.5.58 agents_blacklist_icmp (Version > 7.0OUM713)
Blacklist of ICMP checks. This field can be configured with a list of IPs using CIDR notation to prevent ICMP-type modules from running. You can specify multiple subnets by separating them with commas.
1.5.59 agents_blacklist_snmp (Version > 7.0OUM713)
Blacklist of SNMP checks. This field can be configured with a list of IPs using CIDR notation to prevent SNMP-type modules from running. You can specify multiple subnets by separating them with commas.
1.5.60 agents_blacklist_wmi (Version > 7.0OUM713)
Blacklist of WMI Checks. This field can be configured with a list of IPs using the CIDR notation to prevent WMI-type modules from running. You can specify multiple subnets by separating them with commas.
1.5.61 general_gis_exec (Version > 7.0OUM734)
Positioning script for all agents detected by the Satellite Server. The script must be executable and must print on screen the coordinates with the format ,[,]. The third parameter, latitude, is optional.
1.6 Agent creation in Satellite Server
There are three ways of creating an agent in the Satellite server: Recon Task, Satellite_hosts.txt file, or manually creating the.conf of the agents we want.
1.6.1 Agent creation through Recon Task
The creation of agents through Recon Task is the most used by PandoraFMS users. To be able to do it, we must go to the Satellite server configuration file and setup the following parameters:
- recon_community: You must specify a list of SNMP communities to use in the discovery of SNMP separated by commas (in the case of performing a recon of snmp type).
- recon_enabled: Must be set to 1 to enable the recon task of the Satellite Server.
- recon_interval: Time interval in which the network we want is scanned, in seconds (604800 seconds by default).
- recon_mode:Recon task mode (snmp,icmp,wmi) separated by commas.
- recon_task: List of networks to which we want to do the recognition, separated by commas.
- recon_timing_template: A value that specifies how aggressive nmap must be, from 1 to 5. 1 means slower but more reliable, 5 means faster but less reliable (3 by default).
An example of Recon Task would be:
recon_community public recon_enabled 1 recon_interval 604800 recon_mode icmp,snmp,wmi recon_task 192.168.0.0/24,192.168.1.0/24 recon_timing_template 3
Once the data has been configured, we run the satellite server using the command:
1.6.2 Agent creation through Satellite_hosts.txt
First, in order to create an agent through the satellite_hosts.txt file, we must go to the configuration file of the satellite server and decomment the line:
In second place we will create the file satellite_hosts.txt with the IP of the host that we want to create by entering IP and name of the agent to create:
192.168.10.5 Server.5 192.168.10.6 Server.6 192.168.10.7 Server.7
In order for these IPs to be created, it is necessary to be able to make the Fping call to each one of the IPs in the list, otherwise it will not be created.
Once the data has been configured, we run the satellite server using the command:
1.6.3 Manual Agent Creation
First we look at the configuration file of the satellite server in the parameter agent_conf_dir, which is where the configuration files of the new agents are created.
Once this path is located, we will only have to create a.conf file of the agents we want to create, taking for example the agent of the server as an example, and manually filling in the following fields:
- agent_name: We'll set the name of the agent.
- agent_alias: We'll set the alias of the agent.
- address: We'll set the IP of the element we want to monitor.
- group: Group to which we want to assign the agent.
- gis_exec: Sctipt de posicionamiento. Sobreescribe el comportamiendo de general_gis_exec.
- modules: Modules that we want to be created when performing the recon.
An example would be:
agent_name Ejemplo1 agent_alias Es un ejemplo address X.X.X.X group Servers module_begin module_name Ping module_ping module_end module_begin module_name Latency module_latency module_end
Once the data has been configured, we run the satellite server using the command:
1.7 Agent removal in Satellite Server
There are several cases regarding the removal of agents from the Satellite server: total removal of agents or partial removal of agents.
For the total removal of agents we must take into account the method used in the creation of agents.
- Manual: First you will have to remove the.conf files from the agents created in the /etc/pandora/conf folder and then remove the agents in the console.
- Satellite_hosts.txt file: HIt will be necessary to eliminate the file.txt, as well as the conf that have been created in the folder /etc/pandora/conf and later to eliminate the agents in the console.
- Recon_task: The recon_task will have to be deconfigured in the conf file of the satellite server, then remove the conf created in the folder /etc/pandora/conf and then remove the agents from the console.
For the partial removal we must also take into account the method used in the creation of agents.
- Manual: First of all, you will have to remove the.conf files from the agents you create delete in the /etc/pandora/conf folder and then remove the agents from the console.
- Satellite_hosts.txt file: The lines of the IPs to be deleted will have to be deleted from the file.txt, as well as the conf that have been created in the folder /etc/pandora/conf with those IPs and then delete the agents in the console.
- Recon_task: You will have to configure the blacklist of the recon_task in the conf file of the satellite server, then remove the conf created


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- Gemini Home
- Telescopes and Sites
- Instrument Support Structure
- Acquisition Hardware and Techniques
- Guiding and Wavefront Sensors
- Measured Image Quality
- Observing Condition Constraints
- Science Visitors at Gemini
- Observing With Gemini
- Future Instrumentation
- Queue and Schedules
- Data and Results
Change page style:
Cloud Cover Statistics
Data logged nightly by the UKIRT Telescope Operators over a ten-year period (1985 September 13 to 1996 August 4) have been analysed. Their reporting includes cloud cover (in eighths), cloud type and the number of usable and available hours. The data may be summarised thus:
Usable time: excluding nights for which no information was available (e.g. due to telescope shutdown) approximately three-quarters of the available time (31419 out of 43427 hr) was identified as "usable" i.e. the telescope was open and data were collected.
Cloudless: of the usable time 62% (19371 hr) was noted as being "cloudless". It is recognised that this is a subjective assessment e.g. it is difficult visually to detect thin cirrus in a dark sky. There are, however, two caveats: (a) we have included in this value only nights which were classified as cloudless throughout and (b) there may be a partial compensation from nights which were recorded as having some cloud cover (1/8 or 2/8, say), and which are treated as having these conditions all night, but which may have experienced substantial clear periods. Nevertheless, for the purposes of the Gemini observing condition constraint we have assumed that only 50% of the usable time is actually photometric.
Thin cloud: the UKIRT cloud cover and cloud type often were logged as a single value for an entire night. To estimate the time during which thin cloud was present, we have taken the nights explicitly reported as "thin cirrus" and added the fraction (1.0 - cloud cover) of nights reported as having "cirrus" (with a cloud cover of 4/8 or less). The UKIRT data shows these conditions occuring 23% (7096 hr) of the usable time. For the Gemini observing condition constraint we have assumed that thin cloud is present 20% of the usable time.
Thick cloud: for the Gemini observing condition constraint we have assumed that
thick cloud is present 20% of the usable time.
Although there is evidence that Cerro Pachon experiences significantly more photometric nights than Mauna Kea, at this time we have adopted the same values for the observing condition constraints.
Last update March 1, 2001; Phil Puxley