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All the Feels: Why It Pays to Notice Emotions in the Workplace
Leaders who recognize employees' feelings are tapping into an important way to build trust.
"When we acknowledge emotions, we humanize and validate the person being acknowledged," says Alisa Yu. | iStock/shapecharge
Alisa Yu first became intrigued with emotional acknowledgment while interviewing nurses working in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford. The nurses told her that verbally acknowledging their young patients' fears and stress created trust, which enabled them to do their jobs more effectively. "From then on, I began to see emotional acknowledgment everywhere," recalls Yu, a PhD candidate in organizational behavior at Stanford Graduate School of Business.
This realization prompted Yu to team up with Justin Berg, an assistant professor of organizational behavior at Stanford GSB, and Julian Zlatev, an assistant professor of business administration at Harvard Business School, to conduct a series of studies exploring the effects of emotional acknowledgment in the workplace. Their findings, published in May in Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, illuminate a straightforward yet powerful technique leaders can use to build trust with their employees.
Emotional acknowledgment is the simple act of noticing a nonverbal emotional cue — like a frown or grin — and mentioning it. This mention can be a question or a statement such as "You look upset," or "You seem excited."
The authors borrow from costly signaling theory, a concept proposed by evolutionary biologist Amotz Zahavi in the 1970s, to suggest that this small act can have a powerful effect because it is read as a sign of genuine intentions. As an example, Zahavi argued that when peacocks fan out their tails to attract mates, it is an "honest signal" of their reproductive fitness. That's because the colorful display also attracts predators, a potentially fatal risk for weaker peacocks.
Similarly, Yu and her coauthors argue that in a work environment, a supervisor who shows concern for others' emotional state is signaling a willingness to get involved in a potentially messy situation. "A leader could very easily see someone in distress and choose to ignore it," Yu says. "But only a leader who truly is benevolent and cares about employees would risk getting involved by voluntarily acknowledging the distressed employee. Thus, employees might take this as a signal that this leader is someone who can be trusted with their well-being."
More Than a Feeling
This is exactly what Yu, Berg, and Zlatev discovered in their research across six studies, which included a field study with hospital employees and experiments in which participants were shown videos of two actors demonstrating emotional acknowledgment in a workplace break room. Throughout the studies, participants reported higher levels of trust in people who engaged in emotional acknowledgment than those who did not.
"Our effect sizes are pretty robust," says Yu. "There was a big trust gap between no acknowledgment and acknowledgment when expressers displayed positive emotions, but this gap was even more pronounced when expressers displayed negative emotions." The latter finding isn't surprising when viewed through the lens of costly signaling theory: Asking someone who seems unhappy about their emotional state engenders higher levels of trust because it is riskier and involves a greater investment of attention, time, and effort than asking someone who seems happy.
One of the studies' unexpected findings is that acknowledging an employee's emotional state is more powerful than only acknowledging the situation that produced the emotions. "It turns out that saying something like, 'You looked upset after that meeting. How are you feeling about it?' lands better than saying something like, 'It looked like the meeting went poorly. How are you thinking about it?' Yu explains. "People trust the person who acknowledges the emotion directly more than the person who acknowledges the situation. There's just something special and unique about emotions — they are really core to a person's inner experience and sense of self. So when we acknowledge emotions, we humanize and validate the person being acknowledged."
Better to Be Wrong Than Silent
In another unanticipated finding, the research team shows that the trust-building effect of emotional acknowledgment is not always dependent on correctly interpreting emotions, particularly when positive feelings are misread. "I think there is a lay theory that inaccurate interpretation is punished," Yu explains. "We found that if you are feeling negatively and I say, 'Hey, you seem happy,' there is a trust penalty. But if you are feeling positively and I say, 'Hey, you seem upset,' there was virtually no penalty. And that's because even though you didn't need my support, my willingness to call out a negative emotion signals a readiness for me to provide support to you."
The benefits of emotional acknowledgment at work may stem in part from the fact that it isn't a common practice among leaders. "Leaders experience a tension between being task oriented and people oriented. They need to get things done. There's also some research that shows they see emotional support as falling outside of their formal job expectations," Yu says. "So, there is evidence to suggest that leaders are not acknowledging emotions as much as they could. And even when they are doing it, I suspect that they are celebrating wins and acknowledging and amplifying positive emotions more than they are acknowledging pain or distress because it's easier."
Yu thinks this is a particularly good time for leaders to adopt emotional acknowledgment as a regular practice. Employees' emotions may be especially significant right now: Many people are still struggling to manage their work/life balance after more than a year of pandemic-related disruptions. Those who have been working remotely may be uneasily anticipating the call to return to their workplaces and an uncertain future.
"The worst thing leaders can do when employees are feeling badly is to do nothing. If leaders want to signal care and build trust, they need to meet people where they are," Yu says. "Our research suggests one way to do that is by proactively engaging in emotional acknowledgment because it grants employees the space and license to share their emotions."
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Best High-Calorie Vegetables for a Survival Garden
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best high calorie vegetables survival gardening
High-calorie vegetables are an important part of a survival garden. As part of a survival food plan, fresh vegetables are a nutritious addition to any prepper diet. You need calories for the energy you need to deal with whatever challenges you may face. Here are the best high-calorie vegetables for your survival garden.
Top High-Calorie Vegetables
The top high-calorie vegetables are legumes, root vegetables, and corn. Not only are they easy to store, but they are also used as staple foods for people the world over. These vegetables are excellent additions to your vegetable garden.
What Are Legumes?
According to the Cambridge English dictionary, a legume is "a plant that has its seeds in a pod, such as the bean or pea."
Legumes include beans, peas, lentils, and peanuts. A good source of protein, legumes are also high in fiber and micronutrients. They are easy to grow and store.
what are legumes
Different Types of Legumes
With all the different types of legumes, how do you tell them apart?
Generally, beans have an oval or elongated shape. They include pinto beans, black beans, pink and red beans, and kidney beans. White beans include navy, Great northern beans, lima beans, and cannellini beans.
Kidney Bean Precautions
Kidney beans and cannellini (white kidney beans) must be well cooked. Never eat them raw. According to Dr. Josh Axe, "Raw kidney beans contain a toxin, phytohaemagglutinin, that can cause liver damage."
Soak kidney beans for eight hours or overnight and discard the soaking water.
Fill with fresh water and bring to a full boil for at least ten minutes to completely destroy the toxin. Then cook until tender.
For this reason, it's better to cook kidney beans on the stove instead of in a low-temperature cooker.
Most peas are round and have fewer calories than beans. They include black-eyed peas, English peas, snow peas, sugar snap peas, green and yellow peas, purple hull peas and field peas. Some, such as snow peas and snap peas, also have edible pods and can be eaten raw or cooked.
Lentils are round, flat disks. They include brown, green, red, and orange lentils. Lentils are very quick and easy to cook. They work well in soups and salads.
yams vs sweet potatoes
Root Vegetables
Yams vs Sweet Potatoes
How do you tell the difference between the two? According to the Library of Congress, "Yams are from the Dioscoreaceae or Yam family while sweet potatoes are from the Convolvulacea or morning glory family."
A true yam is a starchy, edible root. Yams have a brown or darker scaly skin and light insides. They have more calories than sweet potatoes and are starchier and sweeter.
Yams grow well in tropical climates and can reach sizes of over six feet long and 150 pounds. They store well, too. Properly handled, they can be stored for up to six months.
Sweet Potatoes are popular dishes for holidays meals. They range in colors from golden to copper skins with orange or yellow flesh.
There are two main cooking varieties: firm and soft. Firm sweet potatoes are similar to white baking potatoes. They stay firmer when cooked. Soft sweet potatoes, when cooked, get softer and are easier to mash or puree.
Additional High-Calorie Root Vegetables
Taro root
Rich in vitamins and minerals, taro root is high in calories as well at over 180 calories in a cup. Taro is a tropical to subtropical plant. Both the leaves and the root is edible but must be cooked first. (Taro is toxic when raw.)
Though not as common today, parsnips are another high-calorie root vegetable. At 100 calories in a cup, they are just slightly less than sweet potatoes.
Potatoes are a versatile crop and can be prepared in a multitude of ways. By also eating the skins, you can increase their nutritional value.
Corn is another versatile crop. It can be eaten both as a vegetable and dried and ground into meal.
Winter Squash
Another good source of calories is winter squash. Popular winter squashes such as acorn and butternut squash are easy to grow and store.
winter squash butternut
High-Calorie Fruits
If you live in the right climate or have a greenhouse, add these high-calorie fruits to your survival garden.
Dried Fruit
Dried fruit of any kind is generally higher in calories, being a condensed version of itself. It's easy to store and pack. It provides a quick burst of energy while satisfying the sharpest sweet tooth.
While most people consider the avocado to be a vegetable, it's also considered to be a fruit. The avocado is a good source of both calories and healthy fats.
While definitely a tropical plant, a coconut is a fruit, a nut, and a seed. High in calories, coconuts are also a good source of healthy fats.
Rich in potassium and fiber, bananas are more than just their insides. You can eat the peels, too. According to Laura Flores, a San Diego-based nutritionist, "[The skin] contains high amounts of vitamin B6 and B12, as well as magnesium and potassium. It also contains some fiber and protein."
The riper the banana, the sweeter and thinner the peel will be. To cook, bake, broil or fry for ten minutes.
A good source of Vitamin C, mangoes also provide Vitamin A and fiber.
Fats Add Calories
While vegetables and fruits are nutritious, they are lower in calories. To increase your calories, add fats to your meals.
If you're striving for food self-sufficiency, you will need sources of protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Providing the necessary fats for a healthy diet can come from either animal or plant sources. Some of the best sources of plant-based fats come from nuts and seeds.
High-Calorie Nuts and Seeds
Nut Trees
Nut trees are a good investment for a survival garden. But they do take time to grow to maturity and produce a full crop. Popular nut trees include macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, Brazil nuts, walnuts, and chestnuts.
For a faster crop, try seeds. High calorie, high-fat seeds include sunflower seeds, pumpkin and squash seeds, hemp seeds, flaxseeds, and chia seeds.
Try out some of these high-calorie vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds in your survival garden. With these few extra additions, you will be well on your way to food self-sufficiency.
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limit meals to beans, rice, noodles, meat (when available), corn, onions, tomatoes, and manioc. Manioc or mandioca (more commonly known in other countries as yuca or cassava) is the staple food in rural Paraguay and is as ubiquitous at the table as bread is in other countries. Paraguayan food is not spicy and is quite different from Mexican food (for instance, in Paraguay, a tortilla is a kind of fritter). Most Paraguayans are exceptionally generous and will insist on sharing their food, no matter how little they have.
Volunteers who choose to maintain a vegetarian diet are able to do so with varying degrees of difficulty. Such a diet is much easier to follow if one incorporates eggs and dairy products, and some Volunteers choose to add fish and chicken. While it is possible to maintain a vegetarian diet, it can be very difficult to find the variety of foods necessary to remain healthy and challenging to get Paraguayans to understand such a decision.
Most Volunteers live in communities served by a simple dirt road, which may or may not be close to a paved road. Inexpensive bus service is available to almost all communities, although heavy rain can unexpectedly close dirt roads to bus traffic for an unpredictable length of time. While a community may not be a great distance from the capital in miles, getting there may involve a trip of several hours because of the condition of unpaved roads. You will receive assistance in identifying alternative forms of transportation (i.e., a private vehicle, taxi, or truck) from your site in the event of an emergency. Volunteers may, upon request, be issued a mountain bicycle and helmet.
Peace Corps/Paraguay, as mandated by Peace Corps/ Washington, prohibits Volunteers from driving or riding as a passenger on any twoor three-wheeled motorized vehicle (such as a motorcycle) for any reason. Moreover, Volunteers are not allowed to own or drive private vehicles in Paraguay. These prohibitions are in response to serious safety concerns, and violation of the policy will result in the administrative separation of the Volunteer from Peace Corps service.
Geography and Climate
Unlike more tropical countries, Paraguay does have distinct seasons. Summer (November through March) is long, hot, and humid, with temperatures reaching as high as 105 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius). Winter (June through mid-September) is short and mild, with periods of cold weather (down to 30 degrees Farenheit) and occasional frosts. Because of the high humidity and lack of indoor heating, cold winter days may seem more severe than they actually are. The short spring and autumn seasons usually are mild and balmy.
Because of Paraguay's southern latitudes, the length of daylight also differs according to the season. In the winter, the sun may set by 5 p.m. In September, the country goes on Daylight Savings Time, and by mid-December it is light outside until nearly 8:30 p.m. Paraguayans adjust their social and business calendars according to these differences. In the winter, activities are compressed, and people are in bed by 10 p.m., but in the summer, people may not even eat dinner until after 10. At the same time, activities slow down remarkably during the summer, especially in rural areas, and a long midday siesta divides the workday into early morning and late afternoon periods.
In the eastern part of the country, there is no marked rainy or dry season, and there is apt to be abundant rain throughout the year. Summer rains tend to be short and intense, while winter rains tend to be longer and lighter. There are months with little or no rain and months when it rains nearly every day.
Recreation in smaller towns often centers on the family, with an occasional dance, soccer game, or horse race to attend. In the evening, many families gather with friends for volleyball games. The losers pay for drinks, which might be soft drinks (gaseosas) or beer. People frequently sit in clusters (often limited to one gender or age group) to drink the ubiquitous yerba maté, a common local drink made from the leaves of a shrub native to the region, either cold (tereré) or hot (in the early morning or in wintertime). During the hot summer, an important social activity is likely to be bathing in the local arroyo, or small stream. The electrification of the countryside has increased the popularity of telenovelas (soap operas). Volunteers often participate in organized groups, such as ecology clubs or youth groups, that meet occasionally for selected activities.
In Asunción and larger towns, there is a wider variety of options for social activities, including movie theaters, nightclubs, restaurants, and sporting events. Volunteers usually take advantage of their rare weekends in the capital to see the newest movies and enjoy some night life. Volunteers also have access to the swimming pool at the U.S. embassy while in Asunción.
Professionalism, Dress, and Behavior
Cleanliness and a neat personal appearance are very important to Paraguayans, as they are for Volunteers who represent the Peace Corps and the United States. You must dress appropriately when meeting with government or other officials. Shorts, tank tops, and flip-flops are inappropriate except around your home or for recreational activities.
Whether you work in a school or office setting, in rural or urban Paraguay, proper attire will help establish your professional credibility. It also reflects your respect for the customs and lifestyle of the people with whom you are living and working.
Although affluent Paraguayans in Asunción may be influenced by international trends and fashions, most Paraguayans view shoulder-length hair, dreadlocks, ponytails, tattoos, and earrings on men with suspicion. It is not unusual for a person to be labeled a drogadicto (drug addict), based on appearance alone. Therefore, Volunteers are not permitted to have facial piercings (nose, tongue, eyebrow). Tattoos for both men and women should remain covered until Volunteers have been at their sites for at least six months and can realistically judge the degree to which these would be accepted by community members. Female Volunteers should always wear bras outside their homes. Male Volunteers with beards must keep them well-trimmed and clean.
If you do not cut your hair and remove body rings before you arrive in Paraguay, you will be asked to do so before you are placed with a host family during training. Adherence to these rules is considered to be a sign of your motivation and commitment to adapt to your new environment. If you have reservations about this, or if you view this as an unacceptable sacrifice, you should reevaluate your decision to become a Peace Corps Volunteer in Paraguay. If you decide to conform to the country's norms, you will be amply rewarded by the great adventure and lasting friendships that await you.
More information about the Peace Corps' approach to safety is outlined in the Health Care and Safety chapter, but it is an important issue and cannot be overemphasized. As stated in the Volunteer Handbook, becoming a Peace Corps Volunteer entails certain safety risks. Living and traveling in an unfamiliar environment (oftentimes alone), having a limited understanding of local language and culture, and being perceived as well-off are some of the factors that can put a Volunteer at risk. Many Volunteers experience varying degrees of unwanted attention and harassment. Petty thefts and burglaries are not uncommon, and incidents of physical and sexual assault do occur, although most Paraguay Volunteers complete their two years of service without personal security incidents. The Peace Corps has established procedures and policies designed to help you reduce your risks and enhance your safety and security. These procedures and policies, in addition to safety training, will be provided once you arrive in Paraguay. At the same time, you are expected to take responsibility for your safety and well-being.
Rewards and Frustrations
Volunteers have a variety of reasons for joining the Peace Corps, but high on the list must be the desire to help others. Most Volunteers bring an abundance of motivation and enthusiasm to their service. These are not lost in serving others, but are necessarily tempered by the process of learning about the daily realities of a different culture. So while Volunteers should not expect to "change the world," they can look forward to making a tangible impact.
Being a Volunteer requires adjusting to alternative ways of thinking, living, and working. Such adjustments are neither simple nor painless. The people you work with may have strong feelings of pride and nationalism, so your own enthusiasm for change, however well intended, may be misunderstood. You will constantly need to take into consideration the emotions, needs, traditions, institutions, and way of life of the people you work with.
Your satisfaction will come from your commitment to learning and the flexibility you possess to deal with new values and experiences. After living and working with the people of another culture, Volunteers often develop strong ties that are reflected in strong emotions. Intense feelings of desperation, satisfaction, anger, happiness, anxiety, and peace of mind will crop up over and over. These feelings are the heart of the Volunteer experience. But in the end, it is a rare Volunteer who does not feel that the experience was one of the most important in her or his life.
PEACE CORPS TRAINING
Overview of Pre-Service Training
Peace Corps/Paraguay's pre-service training consists of 11 weeks of intensive in-country training in five major areas: language (Spanish and Guaraní), community development and personal adaptation, technical job orientation, Volunteer safety and security, and health. By the end of training, each trainee has to pass qualifying criteria in each of these areas to be sworn in as a Peace Corps Volunteer.
The training center is located in the town of Guarambaré,

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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SHELOSHET YEMEI HAGBALAH
SHELOSHET YEMEI HAGBALAH (Heb. שְֶׁׁשת יְמֵי ַגְּבָּלָה; "the three days of limitation"), the name given to the three days immediately preceding the festival of Shavuot. The scriptural sources for distinguishing these days are found in Exodus 19:12, where God commands Moses, "And thou shalt set bounds unto the people," and Exodus 19:15, where Moses orders the children of Israel, "Be ready against the third day." (See also the discussion in Shabbat 87a as to how many days of "limitation" were ordered by God and how many by Moses.) The original limitations were against touching Mount Sinai (Ex. 19:12) and against having sexual intercourse (ibid. 19:15). The people were also commanded to sanctify themselves during these days (ibid. 19:10 and 14). According to the halakhah, marriage celebrations and haircuts, otherwise prohibited during most of the period between Passover and Shavuot, are permitted during these three days (Sh. Ar., OḤ 493:3 and Mishnah Berurah, ad loc.).


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Researchers at the University of Michigan have created a mini sensor that draws its energy from micro sized solar panels as well as heat and or movement. The sensor is 0.10" by 0.14" by 0.03".
The sensor only needs one nanowatt to operate-that's one billionth of a watt. Most of the time it would be in sleep mode and only waking to record movements or changes. They're thinking possible uses would be inside the human body to monitor head and eye pressure, tumors, environmental changes, building and bridge monitoring.
Read about the tiny solar powered sensor here at Physorg.com.


Water contains Chloramine, not Chlorine
Some municipal water companies use Chloramine instead of Chlorine to disinfect the water. While our shower filters are not designed to remove Chloramine, some customers experience 1-2 months of improved water quality. We are still testing exactly how this occurs, but after the initial 1-2 month period, the shower filters no longer work. For additional information on Chloramine and to find out if your municipal water company uses, please see I cannot feel any difference in my water.
Our shower filters are designed to last up to 6 months of normal usage.
If you have a large number of people using the shower or take long showers, then this time may be reduced.
You can calculate the lifespan of the shower filter as follows:
10,000 / (Number of showers per day x Duration of shower x GPM of shower head) = Total number of days
On average, Americans take one 8 minute shower per day, using a 2.4 GPM showerhead.
Additionally, the chlorine level of your water plays a part in the lifespan of the shower filter. If you have high levels of chlorine, then the lifespan of the shower filter may be reduced.


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LPM 101 Principles of Asset Protection
Offered: Fall, Winter, Summer
This course serves as an introduction to the loss prevention degree program. As an overview of the field of retail loss prevention, it addresses basic theories and concepts, key terms and definitions and current critical issues. It also deals with the organizational fundamentals of loss prevention, including goals, missions, objectives, functions, operations and roles.
Note: Students must earn a minimum grade of "C" in order for this course to count in the loss prevention major.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


OTTAWA -- The panel of medical experts advising the federal government on vaccination now says that the second dose of COVID-19 vaccines can be given up to four months after the first, if Canada wants to maximize the number of people being immunized.
Canada's National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) has issued new guidance advising that the window between shots for all three of the currently approved vaccines—Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and AstraZeneca—can now be considerably extended, while still being effective.
"NACI recommends that in the context of limited COVID-19 vaccine supply, jurisdictions should maximize the number of individuals benefiting from the first dose of vaccine by extending the interval for the second dose of vaccine to four months," said the advisory body in a new statement posted online.
"Extending the dose interval to four months allows NACI to create opportunities for protection of the entire adult population within a short timeframe. This will not only achieve protection of the adult population, but will also contribute to health equity," reads the new recommendations.
Based on the expected supply of the two mRNA vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, approximately 80 per cent of the eligible population could be offered a COVID-19 vaccine dose by the end of June, if the four-month interval is implemented this month, leaving second doses to begin being administered in July.
NACI says it's come to this conclusion after considering evidence from recent scientific studies, despite them not having collected four months of data on vaccine effectiveness.
"The first two months of real world effectiveness are showing sustained high levels of protection," said NACI. "Extending the interval between doses was shown to be a good strategy through modelling."
For example:
 - Based on the findings of two available clinical trials of Pfizer and Moderna's vaccines, the efficacy against a symptomatic COVID-19 infection begins as early as 12 to 14 days after the first dose, and both vaccines showed an efficacy of 92 per cent up until the second dose; and
 - Data from an AstraZeneca clinical trial indicated that delaying the second dose by at least 12 weeks resulted in a better efficacy than when there was a shorter interval between doses.
While the guidance remains that everyone should take both doses of these two-dose vaccine regimens as effectiveness will still be higher with both, by extending the time between, more people will both directly and indirectly benefit by increasing the population's immunity to COVID-19.
These recommendations are an evolution from NACI's previous advice in regards to the Moderna and Pfizer shots, which allowed a delay in administering second doses for up to 42 days. Earlier this week NACI advised that the newly-approved AstraZeneca two-dose regime should be given 12 weeks apart.
This advice is in contrast with what Health Canada's authorization of these vaccines initially indicated: that the second Pfizer dose was to be delivered around 21 days after the first, that the second Moderna shot was to be given around 28 days after the first, and that the AstraZeneca second dose should be given between four and 12 weeks after the first.
Some provinces, including Quebec and British Columbia, have already shifted their vaccination campaigns to allow longer windows between doses based on the effectiveness of the first doses indicated to date, while other provinces have indicated it's something they are looking at adopting.
The immunization experts who make up this advisory body say they will continue to closely monitor the effectiveness after one dose and the decision around the timeframe between shots will be based on that surveillance and could change again.
NACI's advice are recommendations and not rules, allowing provinces to continue to tailor their vaccination rollout campaigns to fit the pandemic reality in each region and determine how to administer each vaccine based on the number of doses available and demographics they are prioritizing.
However, NACI is considering this a "strong" recommendation, stating it should apply "to most populations/individuals and should be followed unless a clear and compelling rationale for an alternative approach is present."
Should this guidance be heeded, it would increase the number of people who would be able to receive their first shots by using up all doses that come into Canada each week, rather than holding back second doses from the same shipment. Instead, plans would need to be made to ensure that the doses in coming shipments are set aside for people's second shots when the time comes.
With the federal government signalling that tens of millions of vaccine doses will be coming into Canada over the months ahead and that the overall vaccine campaign could be completed earlier than September, it's unclear what the metric for "limited" supply is.
"By implementing an extended four month interval strategy, Canada will be able to provide access to first doses of highly efficacious vaccines to more individuals earlier which is expected to increase health equity faster. Canada has secured enough vaccines to ensure that a second dose will be available to every adult," read the NACI recommendations.
Ahead of NACI's updated guidance, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said that the federal government has been monitoring the patchwork of approaches across the country—all informed by science and health experts—with the focus on delivering vaccines "in the most rapid and most effective way to keep people safe to get through this pandemic quickly."
"Obviously we're seeing some of the science shift, some proposals put forward which are very, very interesting, which could result in rapider timelines," he said.
Chief Public Health Officer Dr. Theresa Tam signalled on Tuesday that this new advice was coming down, following shortly behind NACI suggesting not to administer AstraZeneca's vaccine in individuals aged 65 years and older, due to "the insufficiency of evidence of efficacy in this age group at this time."
"As the science of COVID-19 vaccination continues to evolve, expert advice is being adapted to maximize the benefits of all of the authorized vaccines," Tam said.
How long immunity lasts after someone has been fully vaccinated "is currently unknown," NACI notes.


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Can chickens provide early warnings of wind turbine health dangers?
By Miriam Raftery
August 21, 2011 (San Diego's East County) – Like those proverbial canaries in the coal mine, chickens near wind farms may provide early clues to potential harm to health of humans and animals. That's the contention of Hamish Cumming, a farmer battling proposed wind turbines near his home in Australia.
He has written a letter to East County Magazine seeking help from people living near wind farms locally (and in other locations) to document cases of shell-less eggs, dead chickens, or other animals that suffer internal hemmorrhaging.
The "humble chicken" is common in rural areas near wind farms and can be easily monitored, Cumming says. Chickens under stress may produce a soft-shelled or shell-less egg that can't be laid, killing the chicken. Such incidents have been documented near wind farms, says Cumming, who has also collected examples of livestock and a dog that died from internal hemorrhaging near wind farms.
"There are reports from many wind farm locations that chickens within a 3 km distance from turbines exhibit shell-less eggs during some weather conditions," he stated. "Some locations have reported shell-less eggs or dead chickens that coincide with residents' complaints about "noisy nights" from turbines."
In fact, shell-less eggs are also known as "wind eggs." According to Broad Leys Publishing, which specializes in books for poultry owners, a yolk-less wind egg may occur in a young pullet, but "wind eggs can also occur in older hens if they are subject to sudden shock."
Chickens aren't the only species suffering ill health effects from living near wind farms, Hamish says.
"So far there are several records of dairy cattle in Canada and Australia reducing milk output by as much as 30%," he wrote.
The Discovery Channel ran a report on massive deaths among bats that suffered lung hemorrhaging when flying near wind turbines: _URL_
Goats in Taiwan, verified by the Taiwanese Department of Agriculture, have reportedly died due to stress-induced conditions within 2 km of turbines. "I have had reports of high levels of stillborn lambs and calves (up to 10%)…and stillborn horses in Australia and overseas, only after wind farms commenced operations," he claims.
Wind farms may even be damaging to the family pet, he believes. "A dog was verified by Werribee Veterinary Hospital as dying from multiple organ fibrosis, believed to be stress-induced—and it was also within 2 km of turbines."
Animals grazing near wind farms have also exhibited fibrosis, or hemorrhaging of major organs, when butchered, he observed. He believes this may explain why some native birds abandon habitat and cease breeding close to wind turbines.
That's of serious concern to Cumming, who has endangered bird species nesting on wetlands at his New Zealand farm.
There have also been claims around the world of human health impacts in some communities near wind farms. Dr. Nina Pierpont, a Johns Hopkin School of Medicine trained physician and Princeton University PhD, has authored a book titled Wind Turbine Syndrome documenting serious health effects in people living near wind turbines due to low-frequency sound waves:
_URL_ The wind industry has disputed her findings.
Cumming seeks residents in East County and elsewhere around the world who live within 5 km of wind turbines to create a large data pool. Participants may already own chickens, or be willing to acquire them for the study. Cutting open a dead hen will expose the shell-less egg, if that is the cause of death, he said.
He seeks the following data:
1. How close the nearest turbines are to your chickens or slaughtered animals
2. How many turbines are within 5 km
3. Brand and size of the turbines
4. Name of the wind farm
5. Your country
Data may be sent to _EMAIL_
East County Magazine is also interested in hearing about local cases of animal hemmorrhaging, wind eggs, or human health issues from people living near wind farms in San Diego's East County: contact _EMAIL_.


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By using a supersonic nozzle more commonly found at the business end of rocket and jet engines, researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have devised a very simple and inexpensive way of producing high-quality, defect-free sheets of graphene on a range of substrates (materials). Other methods at producing large quantities of defect-free graphene have so far been very elusive — and, for the purposes that we're interested in (replacing silicon in microelectronics), anything less than defect-free just won't do.
The method, developed by the University of Illinois in association with some researchers in South Korea, is painfully simple — which is usually a very good sign, when it comes to scaling a process up to industrial levels. Basically, the researchers take a commercially available graphene suspension (a fluid with low-quality graphene flakes dispersed in it), and then use a supersonic spray gun to deposit the graphene on a substrate. No further treatment is required, apparently.
Usually, this process would just lead to the substrate being covered unevenly in the suspension, with random aggregations of graphene flakes that lack the awesome properties that we've come to know and love. But, of course, this being graphene, something magical seems to happen when it's sprayed at supersonic speeds: When the graphene hits the substrate, there's enough kinetic energy that it spreads out perfectly into a thin, single-atom-thick layer of pristine graphene. "Imagine something like Silly Putty hitting a wall — it stretches out and spreads smoothly," says Alexander Yarin, co-leader of the research. "That's what we believe happens with these graphene flakes. They hit with enormous kinetic energy, and stretch in all directions. We're tapping into graphene's plasticity — it's actually restructuring."
The secret sauce, if there is any (it really is a depressingly simple approach) is the use of a de Laval nozzle. The de Laval nozzle is a stretched hourglass shape, with a pinch in the middle that forces fluids to accelerate to supersonic speeds, and then to shape the exhaust. The nozzle is usually used in rocket and jet engines, to accelerate the pressurized gases and to generate more thrust. In this case, it's just about accelerating the graphene suspension so that it leaves with enough kinetic energy to trigger the Silly Putty Effect. [DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201400732 – "Self-Healing Reduced Graphene Oxide Films by Supersonic Kinetic Spraying"]
Because this really is just supersonic spraying, and because no post-processing is required, the researchers say the method can be used to coat many different materials and shapes with high-quality graphene. I'm not aware of spraying being used in current chip fabrication processes, but I don't think it would be hard to include it (it's a lot simpler than current chemical vapor deposition techniques). [Read: Graphene aerogel is seven times lighter than air, can balance on a blade of grass.]
Moving forward, the Chicagoans and Koreans want to scale this method up, with the hope of fostering the development of industrial scale applications of graphene. Over the last few months, we've seen a few methods of high-quality graphene production that work on the small scale, and could potentially work on the industrial scale — but now it's time for a research lab to put its money where its mouth is and actually try some industrial-scale production. With the amount of research that's going into graphene, I wouldn't be surprised if that occurs this year.


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Embedded Systems
Interfacing Processors to Audio and Video Devices
This article aims to familiarize the reader with the basic principles of connecting digital signal processors to audio and video devices. While a basic working knowledge of audio and video would provide the reader with a helpful background, basic refreshers are included in the article where appropriate.
Processor Interface Overview
Generally targeted at applications requiring heavy I/O loads, DSPs commonly provide developers with a variety of integrated interfaces—some standard and some proprietary. For example, Blackfin processors from Analog Devices are convergent processors, which means they integrate DSP and MCU functionality into a single device. Blackfin processors have two main types of serial interfaces relevant to audio applications. The processor's low bit-rate TWI (two wire interface) and SPI (serial peripheral interface) modules are used for control and configuration of audio devices. The forward channel of these peripherals is generally used to configure or control audio converters, and the reverse channel relays feedback or status information from the converters. The processor's higher bit rate SPORT (serial port) peripheral is customarily used to perform the actual interchange of audio data.
Blackfin's TWI is compatible with the Philips bidirectional open-collector I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus. It provides a very simple and concise way to exchange control and data information between multiple devices. It supports both master and slave operation with transmission speeds up to 400 kbits per second. The I²C bus serial data (SDA) and serial clock (SCL) lines (see Figure 1) comprise a multi-master interface, so it can connect to more than one IC capable of initiating a data transfer. The phase differences between the SDA and SCL data streams determine the mode of operation, slave or master, at a given point in time. To list all the world's I²C devices here would be impossible, but suffice it to say that using a DSP with an I²C port opens the architecture up to a very wide variety of interconnectivity options.
1. Example I²C signaling (adapted from Philips spec)
The full-duplex Blackfin SPI is compatible with the Motorola SPI standard. It It operates at up to 33 Mbits per second, well beyond the control needs of most A/D and D/A converters. The SPI name was created by Motorola but is also known as Microwire, which is a trademark of National Semiconductor. Extensions to SPI, including QSPI (Queued Serial Peripheral Interface) and MicrowirePLUS, have also come to market. The SPI consists of a three-pin data communication interface (see Figure 2) that supports both master-slave and multi-master environments. The SPI pins include the MOSI (master output to slave device), the MISO (master input from slave device), and the SCK (serial clock). There are also a total of eight SPI chip-select pins. One input pin lets other SPI devices select the Blackfin processor, and seven output pins let the Blackfin processor select other SPI devices. While developers typically utilize SPI as a synchronous serial communication interface between processors and peripherals, SPI can just as well be used for interprocessor communication. As with I²C, SPI has been widely adopted throughout the industry, and the list of SPI-compatible devices is richly populated.
2. Example SPI signaling
Blackfin's full-duplex synchronous serial port, called "SPORT," operates at high bit rates and supports simultaneous transmit and receive applications. SPORT features that are relevant to audio applications include two sets of independent transmit and receive pins (primary data, secondary data, clock and frame sync). These pins enable eight channels of I²S stereo audio. (I²S is Phillips Semiconductor's "Integrated Interchip Sound" bus protocol for digital audio.), Each of these channels supports word lengths up to 32 bits, surpassing the resolution of most high-precision audio applications.
I²S is a well known serial-bus stereo audio transmission standard, widely used to interconnect system elements like analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters. I²S interfaces are also found on some high-end CD and DVD players, and on some PC sound cards. An I²S bus design consists of three serial bus lines: a line with two time-division multiplexing (TDM) data channels, a word select line, and a clock line. In the I²S format (see Figure 3), any device can act as the system master by providing the necessary clock signals, and an I²S slave will usually derive its internal clock signal from an external clock input. The I²S design handles audio data separately from clock signals, and by separating the data and clock signals, time-related errors that can introduce jitter are mitigated, eliminating the need for anti-jitter devices.
3. Example I²S audio signaling
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Burke Dentistry
Quarryville, PA Family Dentist
What is a bridge?
A bridge is made to replace a missing tooth. It is made of a crown on each of the adjacent teeth and a fake tooth in the middle, which are all connected as one piece. It is then cemented on the adjacent teeth. Bridges are made of the same materials as crowns.
View the ADA Accessibility Statement


MySQL Cluster Interconnects and Performance
The ndbd process has a number of simple constructs which are used to access the data in a MySQL Cluster. We have created a very simple benchmark to check the performance of each of these and the effects which various interconnects have on their performance.
There are four access methods:
With benchmarks developed internally by MySQL for testing simple and batched primary and unique key accesses, we have found that using SCI sockets improves performance by approximately 100% over TCP/IP, except in rare instances when communication performance is not an issue. This can occur when scan filters make up most of processing time or when very large batches of primary key accesses are achieved. In that case, the CPU processing in the ndbd processes becomes a fairly large part of the overhead.
Using the SCI transporter instead of SCI Sockets is only of interest in communicating between ndbd processes. Using the SCI transporter is also only of interest if a CPU can be dedicated to the ndbd process because the SCI transporter ensures that this process will never go to sleep. It is also important to ensure that the ndbd process priority is set in such a way that the process does not lose priority due to running for an extended period of time, as can be done by locking processes to CPUs in Linux 2.6. If such a configuration is possible, the ndbd process will benefit by 10–70% as compared with using SCI sockets. (The larger figures will be seen when performing updates and probably on parallel scan operations as well.)
There are several other optimized socket implementations for computer clusters, including Myrinet, Gigabit Ethernet, Infiniband and the VIA interface. However, we have tested MySQL Cluster so far only with SCI sockets. See Section, "Configuring MySQL Cluster to use SCI Sockets", for information on how to set up SCI sockets using ordinary TCP/IP for MySQL Cluster.


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Standard Poodle is regarded as the second most intelligent breed of dog after the Border Collie. No one knows for certain where Poodles originated. They were popular in many parts of Europe, including Germany and France, and everyone wanted to claim these versatile dogs as their own. Most experts agree that the Standard Poodle variety is the oldest and was a water retriever. In fact, the practice of trimming the coat was intended to aid the dog in swimming. The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle, with many coat colors.
Poodles are retrievers or gun dogs, and are still used by hunters in that role.
Standard Poodles stand taller than 15 inches at the shoulder; most are between 21 and 27 inches tall. They usually weigh between 50 and 75 pounds. There is no officially recognized Poodle variety such as Royal Standard. The head is moderately rounded with a long muzzle. The eyes are dark and oval, and the ears are long and dropped. The tail is docked. The coat is curly and dense. Coat color should be one solid color and may be white, apricot, cream, black, blue, or one of many other colors.
Grooming the Standard Poodle is a complicated process. Show dogs must be groomed in a specific cut that requires some knowledge and considerable upkeep, so potential owners who wish to show their dogs should discuss this with a Standard Poodle breeder. Standard Poodle owners often take their dogs to a professional groomer on a monthly basis; potential Standard Poodle owners should be aware of the cost. Between grooming sessions, the dog should be brushed every other day to prevent matting.
The poodle is a very smart dog breed.
The Standard Poodle is an active dog who needs vigorous daily exercise. The Standard Poodle should go for a run, go for long walks, train on the agility course, or play flyball. The Standard Poodle also needs training. This is an intelligent dog who may be quite large; the Standard Poodle needs to learn basic obedience but is capable of much more. Early socialization is also recommended, as the Standard Poodle dog breed can be wary of strangers.
The Standard Poodle dog breed needs an owner who enjoys grooming and who wishes to do things with the dog. Standard Poodle are good with children and other pets. Health concerns are many and include Addison's and Cushing's diseases, epilepsy, eye disorders, hip dysplasia, and thyroid disease.
Poodles are often cited as a hypoallergenic dog breed. Their individual hair follicles have an active growth period that is longer than that of many other breeds of dogs; combined with the tightly curled coat, which slows the loss of dander and dead hair by trapping it in the curls, an individual poodle may release less dander and hair into the environment. In addition, most poodles are frequently brushed and bathed to keep them looking their best; this not only removes hair and dander, but also controls the other potent allergen, saliva. More non-shedding dog breeds can be found here: Dog Breeds that don't shed
Poodle hybrid designer dogs: Poodles are crossed with other breeds for various reasons, and the resulting puppies (called designer dogs) are described as cockapoo or spoodle (Cocker Spaniel), maltipoo (Maltese), goldendoodle, labradoodle (Labrador), Schnoodle (Schnauzer), pekepoos (Pekingese), Cavapoo (Cavalier King Charles), Bernedoodle (Bernese Mountain Dog) and many others. A cross between a shedding breed and a poodle (which does not shed much) can produce a non-shedding dog.
In most cases, whether a poodle is in a pet or show clip, the hair is completely brushed out. Poodle hair can also be corded with rope-like mats similar to those of a Komondor or human dreadlocks. Though once as common as the curly poodle, corded poodles are now rare. Many breed registries allow only certain clips for poodles shown in conformation. In American Kennel Club (AKC) shows, adults must be shown in the "Continental" or "English saddle" clips. Dogs under 12 months old may be shown with a "puppy clip". The AKC allows the "Sporting" clip in Stud Dog and Brood Bitch classes, as well.


U.S. Ordered to Disclose Border Fence Landowners
 WASHINGTON (CN) - A professor won her bid for government records revealing the names and addresses of landowners whose properties might be affected by the Texas-Mexico border fence.
 "Revealing the identities of landowners in the wall's planned construction site may shed light on the impact on indigenous communities, the disparate impact on lower-income minority communities, and the practices of private contractors," U.S. District Judge Beryl Howell ruled Friday.
 The information was requested by Denise Gilman, a clinical professor at the University of Texas-Austin School of Law researching the human-rights impact of the border fence.
 A federal law passed in 2006 ordered the construction of a fence or wall along portions of the U.S.-Mexico border. It mandated reinforced fencing along at least 700 miles of the southwest border, but left the specific location up to the Department of Homeland Security.
 In 2009, Gilman filed a Freedom of Information Act request for records detailing where the government planned to build parts of the wall and what information it was using to decide where to build.
 The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released thousands of documents, but redacted certain information, including the names and addresses of landowners.
 Gilman challenged the government's redactions, arguing that the public interest in how the wall would impact landowners outweighed any privacy concerns of private landowners.
 She said the information would help the public understand the size of the wall and the agency's decisions about where to place it, including whether U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) was treating property owners fairly.
 The CBP insisted that disclosure put the landowners' privacy rights at risk, and they faced unwanted contact from "the media, other members of the public, including other landowners involved in a similar process, and potential harassment."
 Howell agreed with Gilman that "the public interest in learning how CBP negotiated with private citizens regarding the planning and construction of the border wall is significant."
 "This public interest outweighs the privacy interest in landowners' names and addresses in CBP emails," she wrote.
 However, she said the agency doesn't have to disclose emails relating to its assessment of the need for fencing, as information in the emails reveals areas that are patrolled by fewer Border Patrol agents due to their difficulty to patrol.
 "Such information discloses the CBP's operations and vulnerabilities, which are not readily-accessible public information, the disclosure of which could risk appropriation to circumvent the law," Howell wrote.
 Also, if Gilman seeks email attachments excluded from the records she received, she must file a new Freedom of Information Act request to receive them, the judge concluded.
 "The schedule on which CBP was required to release records to the plaintiff is set out in the second clause and was thus a separate requirement from the scope of the responsive records set out in the first clause," Howell wrote.


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Code of Ethics
The Professional Gerontologists' Code of Ethics sets forth the principles and ethical standards that underlie the responsibilities and conduct of professional gerontologists. These principles are to be used as guidelines when examining everyday professional activities. They constitute normative statements for gerontologists and provide guidance on issues that gerontologists may encounter in their professional work.
The Gerontologists' Code of Ethics consists of an Introduction, a Preamble, five General Principles, and specific Ethical Standards. This Code is accompanied by the Vision and Mission of the National Association for Professional Gerontologists.
The Preamble and General Principles of the Code are goals to guide gerontologists toward the highest ideals of the profession of gerontology. The Preamble and General principles are not enforceable rules, but should be considered by gerontologists in arriving at an ethical course of action.
Membership in the National Association for Professional Gerontologists (NAPG) commits members to adhere to the Gerontologists' Code of Ethics. Members are advised of this obligation upon acceptance of credentialing and that violations of the Code may lead to the imposition of sanctions.
This Code of Ethics articulates a common set of values upon which gerontologists build their professional and scientific work. The Code is intended to provide both the general principles and the rules to cover professional situations encountered by gerontologists. It has as its primary goal the welfare and protection of the individuals and groups with whom gerontologists work. It is the individual responsibility of each gerontologist to aspire to the highest possible standards of conduct in research, teaching, practice, service and vocation.
The development of a dynamic set of ethical standards for a gerontologist's work-related conduct requires a personal commitment to a lifelong effort to act ethically; to encourage ethical behavior by students, supervisors, supervisees, employers, employees, and colleagues; and to consult with others as needed concerning ethical problems. Each gerontologist supplements, but does not violate, the values and rules specified in the Code of Ethics in relation to personal values, culture and experience.
The following General Principles serve as a guide for gerontologists in determining ethical courses of action in various contexts. They exemplify the highest ideals of professional conduct.
Gerontologists strive to maintain the highest levels of competence in their work; they recognize the limitations of their multidisciplinary expertise; and they undertake only those tasks for which they are qualified by education, training, or experience. They recognize the need for continuing education in order to remain professionally competent; and they utilize the appropriate scientific, professional, technical, and administrative resources needed to ensure competence in their professional activities. They consult with other professionals whenever necessary for the benefit of their clients, colleagues, research participants, and students.
Gerontologists conduct themselves in an honest and fair manner, respectful of others in their professional activities in service, advocacy, practice, research, and teaching. Gerontologists do not knowingly act in ways that jeopardize either their own or others' professional welfare. Gerontologists conduct their affairs in ways that inspire trust, confidence and mutual respect; they do not knowingly make statements that are false, misleading, or deceptive. Gerontologists always disclose possible, perceived and actual conflicts of interest in the performance of their professional responsibilities.
Gerontologists adhere to the highest scientific and professional standards and accept responsibility for their work. Gerontologists understand that they form a community and will show respect for other gerontologists and colleagues even when they disagree on theoretical, methodological, or personal approaches to professional activities. Gerontologists value the continuing establishment of the public trust in the emerging and evolving profession of gerontology and are concerned about their ethical behavior and that of other gerontologists that might compromise that trust. In research and teaching gerontologists, adhere to accepted principles for the protection of human subjects in research. While endeavoring always to be collegial, gerontologists must never let the desire to be collegial outweigh their shared responsibility for ethical behavior, and the best interest of the client must always come first. When appropriate, they consult with colleagues to prevent or avoid unethical conduct.
Gerontologists respect the rights, dignity, and worth of all people. They strive to eliminate bias in their professional activities, and they do not tolerate any forms of discrimination based on age; gender; race; ethnicity; national origin; religion; sexual orientation; disability; health conditions; or marital, domestic, or parental status. They are sensitive to cultural, individual, and role differences in service, education, administration, research and study related to gerontology. In all of their work-related activities, gerontologists acknowledge the rights of others to hold values, attitudes, and opinions that differ from their own.
Gerontologists are aware of their professional and scientific responsibility to the communities and societies in which they live and work. They apply and make public their knowledge in order to contribute to the public good. When undertaking service they strive to advance the professionalism of gerontology and to serve the public good.


text: you can use to convert from km 2 to mi 2. We have 2 Miele KM 552 manuals available for free PDF download: Operating And Installation Manual, Operating And Installation Instructions. Important kilometers to miles conversions are given below: 90 miles ÷ 5 = 18. Emily Dickinson. L = 1440 mm. Turned the miles number into four fifths and then doubled it to make eight fifths, or the reverse of five eighths. C program to convert Kilometer to Miles Convert Kilometers to Miles. From. The international mile is precisely equal to 1.609344 km (which is 25146 ⁄ … 72 x 2 = 144 kilometers. Oscar Wilde. 1 km = (1/1.609344) mi = 0.62137119 mi How far is 1 kilometer in miles? i am newbie and am trying to solve this function question in python: This function converts miles to kilometers (km). In the formula, "y" is the original unit of measurement, "x" is the quantity of that unit, and "z" is the unit of measurement you want to convert to. The conversion factor from kilometers to miles is 0.62137119223733, which means that 1 kilometer is equal to 0.62137119223733 miles: 1 km = 0.62137119223733 mi. Definition of mile. Miles To KM | How to convert miles to kilometers. Cooking … A mile is a unit of distance equal to 5,280 feet or exactly 1.609344 kilometers. A kilometer (abbreviation km), a unit of length, is a common measure of distance equal to 1000 meters and is equivalent to 0.621371192 mile or 3280._PHONE_ feet. The international mile is precisely equal to 1.609344 km (which is 25146 ⁄ … The following Java … The conversion formula plays an important role in writing the program. Python Program to Convert Kilometers to Meters. Python Program to Convert Kilometers to millimeter. = 24.86 Miles: 60 km = 37.29 Miles: 1000 km = 621.5 Miles Use username: Guest, Anonymous, Programmer. Definition: A mile (symbol: mi or m) is a unit of length in the imperial and US customary systems of measurement.It is currently defined as 5,280 feet, 1,760 yards, or exactly 1,609.344 meters. Square Kilometers to Square Miles Conversion Chart. Simply use our calculator above, or apply the formula to change the length 1 mi to km. It's easy to convert kilometers to miles or miles to kilometers in Python. In this case we should multiply 100 Kilometers/Hour by 0.62137119223783 to get the equivalent result in Miles/Hour: Sometimes fractions are easier than decimals. Mile. It is commonly used to measure the distance between places in the United States and United Kingdom. Use an old trick to do the calculation. Definition of Kilometer. For example, if you want to convert 6 km into miles, then you have to divide 6 by 1.609344. i.e 6 / 1.609344 = 3.728227 miles.. Here, the kilometers variable is used to store the kilometer value from the user. To. Km. 2. A kilometer, or kilometre, is a unit of length equal to 1,000 meters, or about 0.621 miles. Enter value in kilometers: 2.2 2.2 kilometers is equal to 1.3670162000000001 miles. km to mi mi to km; 1km = 0.62 miles: 1 miles = 1.61km: 2km = 1.24 miles: 2 miles = 3.22km: 3km = 1.86 miles: 3 miles = 4.83km: 4km = 2.49 miles: 4 miles = … Conversion Table. To calculate 100 Kilometers/Hour to the corresponding value in Miles/Hour, multiply the quantity in Kilometers/Hour by 0.62137119223783 (conversion factor). Definition: A kilometer (symbol: km) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).One kilometer is equivalent to 0.6214 miles. Use this page to learn how to convert between miles and kilometres. Guide to the Appliance. This is a web form that converts Kilometres (km) into Miles (mi) and vice versa. Complete the function by having it return the result, then call the function to convert 55 miles, and print "The distance in kilometers is " with the result of the function. Since 1 kilometer is equal to 0.621371 miles, we can get the equivalent miles by multiplying kilometers with this factor. Distance Unit: is the unit of distance, you can choose kilometers, miles or meters. A kilometer (abbreviation km), a unit of length, is a common measure of distance equal to 1000 meters and is equivalent to 0.621371192 mile or 3280._PHONE_ feet. Kilometers (km): is the unit of length equal to 1000 meters or 0.62137 miles. A kilometer (km) is a decimal multiple of the meter, The international standard unit of length, approximately equivalent to 39.37 inches. The definition of a mile as 5,280 feet (or 8 furlongs), sometimes referred to as the statute mile, international mile, or land mile, which differs from the Roman mile of 5,000 feet, developed due to the importance of the furlong in England, back in 1593. In most of the world, it is the most common unit for measuring distance between places. 1 miles equal 1.609344 kilometers (1mi = 1.609344km). Approximation only.


Research on paper airplanes
During my undergraduate education at penn state, i learned that students learn best when villanova essay they are in the driver's seat – when they are figuring out what to study, when they are designing the study, when they are identifying the problem and creating the experiment paper airplane history. 1. 40628849. four forces act on research on paper airplanes an airplane: we provide detailed college essay editor free instructions and video tutorials research on paper airplanes to help you make over 50 different paper gliders, darts, and long distance flyers. pdf | this paper present should homework be banned in schools the results of our project to develop writing topic for 6th grade the preliminary design of a jet trainer plane (jtp) with a two-person crew, the elements of a good essay base | find, read and cite all the research you. since the chinese were what is a business plan template early innovators and invented paper "as we know it today", it follows that they would be among the first to find creative uses for topics for a persuasive research paper the new substance aviation research paper on aerodynamics how airplanes fly slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to research on paper airplanes provide you research on paper airplanes with relevant advertising. do your research. in climate change thesis statement flight, a glider has three forces acting on it as compared to the four forces that act on a powered aircraft. scientists use paper airplanes to study flying. välkommen till, noden för chalmers tekniska högskolas forskningsinformation! it is this difference research on paper airplanes in pressure that enables the plane to fly orville and wilbur wright made their first successful airplane flight on december 17, 1903. many people do not consider the science behind what makes a paper airplane fly, but this can be a great way to help kids not only learn, but enjoy science one to two hours to make the paper airplanes and collect standard cover letter the data; how to start profile essay one day to prepare the research on paper airplanes science fair display. in order to design how to write pound sign our own paper airplanes, we'll want to first examine acknowledgement in research paper some existing designs and see if we can figure out what makes them successful.
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Have a BLAST Learning Basketball Fundamentals
Your kids will love our instructional sports programs that introduce them to the fundamentals of basketball and sports of all sorts! Parents love that the Sports of All Sorts Youth Association core value -"Teaching Life's Lesson's and Value's through Athletics all while focusing on Fun, Fitness and Fellowship as it's key principles" are infused into every class so that kids learn the value of sportsmanship and healthy competition, rather than rivalry, right from the start. These programs encourage team building, individual development; positive self-image and a sense of fair play and mutual respect for others.
WHO SHOULD ATTEND:
Normally, the player at 4 to 7 years of age, is just beginning their exciting adventure in organized athletic programs. This program is designed to introduce basic skills that will prepare them for the recreational basketball league. Our program will help the LiL' Hoopstar develop a great foundation in developing their skills quickly.
REGISTRATION: Registrations are accepted during various times during the year. These times generally run the same time that league registrations are being accepted. For the upcoming class session dates, please go to our home page and click on the link that has Upcoming league registration information.
CLASS TIMES: Classes are offered on Monday's @ 6:30 p.m. Each session runs 8 weeks with one hour of instruction per week. Parents are encouraged to attend and participate in the training sessions. Classes are limited to the first 20 students.
COST OF THE PROGRAM: The class fee is $95 for each child. Students will receive individual help with careful attention in developing proper techniques for dribbling, passing and shooting the ball. They will be matched in physically compatible groups, using Age, Size, and experience as key factors.
"Teaching Life's Lesson's and Value's through Athletics all while focusing on Fun, Fitness and Fellowship as it's key principles"
OUR PROGRAM IS DESIGNED:
In order to teach young children you must Have patience. By teaching a few steps at a time, Children learn best by doing. Conversation is one way of doing kids can enjoy. At SOASYA we Use a hands off approach to teaching. By using easy phrases children can understand and remember. Children will be taught how to dribble standing still and then moving across the basketball court using areas defined by our instructor. As the learn how to dribble the ball to different areas, they will also be taught what each area is called. Here at SOASYA we also teach basic passing fundamentals such as the two handed chest pass and the bounce pass. To wrap up our instruction every child will be taught the basic shooting skills such as how to hold the ball, body placement and form to the basket. If children lack the strength to push the ball high enough to reach the basket our instructor will create a basketball hoop, with your arms in a circle and have them shoot their basketballs through it. They will get just as much satisfaction shooting, maintain form and see the ball go through the hoop more often. Fun in shooting comes from seeing it as just that first, fun. Avoid frustration. Focus and praise children first for their form then if the shot was made.
We Inspire children with praise.. Children live for praise. Positive feedback builds confidence, improves listening capacity, helps develop emotional maturity, and enables a child's ability to find value in self-improvement.
For Information regarding this program you may contact our Director, Perry Wing, at _EMAIL_


Brachycephalic Dogs: What makes them different? - NibbleyPets
Brachycephalic Dogs: What makes them different?
December 10, 2020
Brachycephalic Dogs: What makes them different?
If you have taken an interest in adopting a dog, you may have come across the term "brachycephalic".
And, while that term sounds very scientific, we're going to break down what it means to help you get a better understanding. Plus, we're also going to be covering what makes them different, and things you need to be aware of. So, stay tuned.
What Are Brachycephalic Dogs?
The term brachycephalic is a scientific term that is used to describe short-nosed or flat-faced dogs.
It comes from two Greek words which translate into "short" and "head".
Any type of dog that has a muzzle that looks like it has been flattened or squashed inwards is considered brachycephalic. And, usually, their bottom jaw is longer than the upper one which may make it look like the bottom jaw is stuck out.
What breeds are brachycephalic?
Many breeds are considered to be brachycephalic. Some common ones include french & English bulldogs, pugs, and Pekingese. But, various other breeds are brachycephalic too.
You can tell that a dog is brachycephalic by taking a look at its face. If they have a cute little face that looks like it's flattened, as mentioned in the previous section, they are likely to be brachycephalic.
If you are unsure, you can also search the internet for a particular breed to get answers.
What Makes Them Different?
Sadly, they are more sensitive and vulnerable to health issues. This isn't the case for all brachycephalic dogs, but there are a lot of them that suffer.
Some common health issues that brachycephalic dogs have to include:
 - Breathing problems
Breathing commons are quite common in flat-faced dogs. This is also called Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).
When dogs have this syndrome, their airways can be blocked or uneven which makes it hard for them to breathe.
 - Heart Problems
Another common health issue in brachycephalic dogs is heart problems. This is also caused by shortened and narrowed airways which makes it hard to keep the right amounts of oxygen in the bloodstream. This can have a very negative effect on the heart.
 - Eye problems
Another place where brachycephalic dogs can get health problems is in their eyes. In their eyes, sometimes their tear film isn't spread out fully which makes it quite easy for them to get injured.
 - Skin & Ear problems
You should also watch out for your dog's skin & ears. The way their head is shaped can often cause them to get yeast infections.
Yeast infections can be a very sore & also painful experience for your dog.
 - Tooth problems
As we spoke about earlier, brachycephalic dogs have a shorter upper jaw. This means they have a smaller area to fit in all of their teeth compared to breeds with longer upper jaws. Despite this, they still have the same number of teeth which can often cause teeth to overlap.
This can then increase the risk of tooth health problems.
How To Recognize Health Issues
There are signs that a brachycephalic dog could have health issues. Most of them are a sign of breathing issues which is the primary concern for most brachycephalic dogs. However, others shouldn't be ignored too, as they can be very significant too.
Some signs to look out for include:
 - Overlong soft palate
 - Narrow nostrils
 - Narrow airways
These can often show that your dog is having some type of health issue.
Additional signs in your dogs include:
 - Not sleeping well
 - Becoming overweight quickly
 - Joints seem painful
 - Skin infections
What To Do When Health Issues Arise
If you notice any of the above signs in your dog or simply have a bad feeling, it's always best to call a vet and be safe. Quite often, the earlier you treat the dog, the better.
So there is no point in waiting if your dog's health is involved.
You can also search up the symptoms that you see with the breed of your dog which might give you more information too.
Steps To Preventing Health Issues
While it can be hard to completely prevent health issues in a brachycephalic dog, we can still make their life as comfortable as possible.
Some of the ways we can help make their life more comfortable to prevent health issues include:
 - Using a harness instead of a collar
 - Using an elevated feeder, instead of a regular one
 - Avoid overfeeding
 - Avoiding stress/heat
These steps will help your brachycephalic dog breathe easier.
Final Thoughts
As you have seen throughout this article, brachycephalic dogs are vulnerable to various health issues. This is extremely sad and a reason why we should put our efforts into making their life as comfortable as possible.
If you enjoyed this article, make sure to check out our related posts below. Or, you can also head over to our store to check out our elevated feeders for your dog.
Why is my dog being sick? 6 potential causes
11 Effective Ways To Make Your Dog Happy
Why Regular Dog Bowls Won't Cut It for Brachycephalic Dogs
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Volume 8 (1996) Issue 1 Pages 1-4
In this study, forty-one hemodialysis outpatients performed a daily walking exercise. For this exercise, patients were instructed to walk beyond a daily target number of steps for three consecutive weeks. The target number of steps was defined as 120% of the average number of steps per day prior to the exercise. The effects of this exercise were examined by comparing the six-minute walking distance (6MD), and physiological cost index (PCI) before and after performing the exercise. The results were as follows: the target numberof steps during the exercise period was achieved by 19 of 41 patients; 6MD of target achieving patients was significantly increased by this exercise; the difference in PCI before and after this exercise was not statistically significant. This study suggests that the present exercise triggered an increase in the number of steps per day and improved the actual walking performance as measured by 6MD.


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Communication between the school, your child's classroom and the home is essential. All teachers at Labrador strive to maintain this level of communication and parents are encouraged to be involved and aware of their child's educational progress and needs.
In order to achieve this we provide:
- Parent Teacher Conversations in week 3/4 of Term 1
- Formal parent / teacher interviews at the end of Term 3
- Formal report cards at the end of term 2 and Term 4
As well as this we maintain an 'open door' policy to the school. If you would like to discuss your child's education, please make time to contact your child's teacher by emailing, phoning or coming into the school and organising a meeting.


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In Hogwarts Legacy, Merlin Trials are spell-based challenges that are scattered throughout the game's magical open world. These puzzles are abundant, and you'll find them almost everywhere you go. Completing these trials is crucial as it unlocks extra gear inventory slots, allowing you to carry more items to sell or use.
The first Merlin Trial is unlocked during the "Trials of Merlin" quest, which occurs shortly after you meet Natty near Lower Hogsfield. Nora Treadwell will provide you with an introduction to the basic concept of the trial, including placing Mallowsweet on an altar and solving the ensuing puzzle. However, there are various types of Merlin Trials throughout the game, and each requires a particular spell to solve.
If you're looking to complete every type of Merlin Trial, look no further. Our guide provides detailed instructions on how to solve each type of challenge and how to obtain enough Mallowsweet to begin them. With this guide, you'll be able to conquer every Merlin Trial you encounter and unlock all the extra inventory slots.
Hogwarts Legacy Merlin Trials Solutions
The nine different sorts of Merlin Trials that are found in various ways throughout the map can be discovered while exploring the magical world of Hogwarts Legacy. Each trial has unique spell requirements that may not be available until they have been learnt, so keep that in mind.
- Light torches: Use either Incendio or Confringo spells to ignite all the torches surrounding the trial before they sink into the ground. Begin by locating their positions and prioritize lighting the tallest first. If possible, use Confringo as it allows you to light the torches from a distance.
- Smash orbs: Break all the orbs located on top of the pillars using the Accio spell. Each trial will have multiple orbs that need smashing.
- Standing stones: Reach the other end of the Standing Stones by running and jumping across the standing stones without touching the ground.
- Symbol cubes: Align each side of the cubes with the plinth it rests on by using the Flipendo spell. The cubes typically have arrows on some faces to guide you in the correct direction.
- Gather moths: Find hollow cubes with crystals inside and use Lumos to attract floating moths. Then, bring them back to each cube crystal in turn to light them up.
- Small stone balls: Move sets of five small stone balls into nearby plates with ball-shaped openings using movement spells like Accio. Finish all sets to complete the challenge.
- Explode stones: Blow up the greenish cracked rocks around the trial area using the Confringo spell. Although Repulso could theoretically work, Confringo is easier to use for range purposes.
- Repair statues: Fix the statues around the trial area by using Reparo to complete the challenge.
- Spell ball: Get the ball into the nearby bowl-shaped goal set into the ground by using yellow and purple movement spells. It's possible to cheat and take it there manually using Wingardium Leviosa.
How to get Mallowsweet
In case you're running through your Mallowsweet supply quickly, there are a couple of options to consider. You could purchase Mallowsweet from the Magic Neep in Hogsmeade, or you could buy the seeds and cultivate your own supply. If you choose to grow it yourself, start by planting the seeds in a Greenhouse planter. Alternatively, you can wait until the Room of Requirement opens up to establish your own Mallowsweet farm with plant tables. Each plant table yields up to five Mallowsweet when harvested, and you can have up to seven plant tables, providing you with a bountiful supply of Mallowsweet.


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6A LITERATURE INFORMATION
SSR Book: Students are required to have an SSR (Sustained Silent Reading) book with them at all times in every class. This book can be any book chosen by the student, and does not have to be from the 6th grade book list. Students need to have this book with then at all times in case students have any free time after a test or at the end of a lesson. Students who do not have an SSR book are considered unprepared for class.
Students are expected to read independently and complete mini-projects on the books that they read throughout the school year. Sixth grade students are required to read at least 18 books in the 2011-2012 school year. An explanation of the 18 Book Standard will occur in the first week of school in the reading class of all students.


Chapter 14 - The Mental Side of Human Performance Flashcards Preview
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Flashcards in Chapter 14 - The Mental Side of Human Performance Deck (109)
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how are different emotions experienced?
with different causal attributions and outcomes
after a success, how does an athlete attribute the success internally? externally?
internally, they typically respond with pride, confidence and satisfaction
externally, they will likely feel gratitude and thankfulness
causal attributions --> future expectation --> ______
what tends to happen whenever an outcome is different than what was expected based on past experience?
what happens when an outcome is as expected, based on past performances?
why is it beneficial to ascribe failures to unstable causes?
it does not imply repeated failure
what are the 3 implications to predicting future expectations from present attributions?
1) athletes should attribute a failure to unstable and internal cause; i.e., lack of effort
2) this suggests that more effort can change the next outcome from failure to success
3) it teaches the athlete to accept responsibility for the results
what does future expectancy depend on?
depends on stability of the attributions
what 2 things to promotion self efficacy and motivation for future performance depend on?
depends on both expectancy and locus of control
athletes who succeed should be encouraged to attribute the success to both stable and internal factors. why?
a stable attribution will improve the athlete's expectancy for future success and an internal attribution will enhance the athlete's self-confidence
what are 4 attributional training strategies learning to improved self-efficacy in future events?
1) record and classify attributions after performances
2) after each outcome make attributions that will lead to promotion of self-efficacy
3) provide an attributional training program for athletes who consistently utilize undesirable attributions
4) for best results, combine planned goal-setting with attributional training
spectator effect
an important social-psychological effect on athletic performance
spectator effect influences athlete's performance through? (2 answers)
1) social facilitation - enhancement of performance due to presence of others
2) Rivalry - a desire to beat the other opponent
Social facilitation can be further broken down into what 2 effects?
1) Audience effects - a situation involving the mere presence of other individuals in the same room or area
2) Coaction effects - other people are present, but are performing the same task
true or false: spectator effect divides into rivalry and social facilitation. social facilitation then divides into audience effects and coaction effects
what happens if the athlete perceives the audience to be important and/or knowledgeable?
then drive level is increased
what happens if the athlete perceives the audience t be unimportant and/or not knowledgeable?
then drive level is decreased
what is the mot popular explanation for home advantage?
the presence of supportive audience
what research has been established following audience characteristics leading to a greater home advantage?
- large
- supportive
- close to the playing arena (i.e., high intimacy and density)


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- Home »
- How to Print
Better Way Of Printing
Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup Support
The Canon PIXMA MX922 printer accepts information such as texts and graphics from other devices such as a computer and mobile phones, and then transfers them into sheets of the required paper is known as printing. Make use of the Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup guide to print on various types of media papers and sizes.
How to Print on Canon MX922 from Computer
- Place enough sheets of white paper into the main input tray. Now go to your computer and then open the Print driver Setup dialog box by hitting the Start icon.
- Click the Hardware & Sound option and then select the Printers menu.
- Right-click on the icon of your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer and choose the Printing Preferences option.
- The Printer Driver Setup dialog box will open on the desktop.
- On the Quick Setup tab, choose a profile that matches your print task to start Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup.
- The additional features such as media type and paper size are automatically set according to the reset values.
- Click the Print Quality as High, Standard, or Fast depending on your print needs.
- Ensure that the Paper Source option is set to Cassette. Finish the setup by selecting the OK button.
How to Print on lined paper using Canon PIXMA MX922?
- You can do the print task on templates such as lined paper onto the sheets of white or A4 paper.
- Confirm that your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer is not switched On.
- Load B5, A4, or letter-sized white papers on the main input tray or cassette.
- Go to your Canon PIXMA MX22 printer and tap the Menu button.
- The Menu button will appear on the printer's touch panel.
- Choose the Template Print option and then select the OK button.
- Touch the template that has to be printed by making use of the arrow buttons.
- Touch the OK option and modify the settings as required. Obtain the number of copies to be printed by clicking the + or – button.
- Based on the inserted paper, choose the paper size. Ascertain to set the paper type option as Plain Paper.
- Start printing by tapping the Color or Black button.
How to print documents saved on USB using Canon PIXMA MX922 printer?
- Verify that the Canon PIXMA M922 printer is turned On.
- Insert the A4 or letter-sized plain papers into the tray or cassette.
- Now plug the USB Flash Drive into the USB flash drive port.
- Open the Menu dialog box on your printer by tapping the Menu option.
- Choose the Advanced Print option then tap the OK button for Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup.
- Click the Print From A USB Flash Drive option.
- Now press the text that has to be printed by selecting the Up or Down arrow key and then touch the OK button.
- Choose the required settings by tapping the arrow keys.
- If you want to alter the settings, utilize the right or left side arrow buttons.
- The Canon PIXMA MX922 initiates the print work after you press the Color or Black button.
Print photos using Canon PIXMA MX922 printer
- Make sure to turn On the Canon PIXMA MX922 printer by tapping the ON button.
- Place 10 * 15 cm or 4 * 6 inches photo paper into the cassette.
- Select the Menu icon on your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer's touch display.
- The Menu pop-up opens on the front panel. Click the Photo option then press OK.
- Touch the Online Album Print option and then click the OK button.
- Choose the photo sharing site that you want to use by tapping the Up or Down arrow buttons.
- Now press OK, and your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer starts accessing the image sharing web page.
- Register your printer with the photo sharing website.
- Choose the online album and then touch the OK button to complete Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup process.
- Alter all the settings that are required for your image, and then begin the print operation by selecting the Color button on the Canon PIXMA MX922 printer.
Print from mobile device through Bluetooth using Canon PIXMA MX922
- Ensure that the Canon PIXMA MX922 printer is On.
- Keep papers into the printer's input cassette.
- Plug the optional Bluetooth unit into the USB flash drive port that is present at the rear side of your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer.
- Now navigate to the touch panel of your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer and then tap the Menu icon or button.
- The Menu pop-up window opens on the touch display.
- Choose the Photo button then tap OK.
- Click the Print from Mobile Phone option.
- Select the OK button and the Standby dialog box opens on the front panel.
- Click the name of your Canon printer on your mobile phone, then type the admin passkey if prompted. Begin the Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup by tapping the Print button.
How to print on both sides through the Canon PIXMA MX922
- The Canon PIXMA MX922 printer supports the automatic duplexing feature.
- Place the document into the cassette and install the cartridges.
- Go to your computer or laptop and then open the Print Driver Setup window on it.
- Tick the checkbox that is present next to the Automatic Duplexing option on the Page Setup dialog box.
- Choose the Layout option as Normal, Scaled, Page Layout, or Fit-To-Page.
- When you carry out duplex printing, the print region of the document becomes lightly narrower than normal, and it might not fit on a single page.
- Choose the Print Area Setup option, tap any of the process methods, and then touch OK. You can use either Normal or Reduced size printing.
- Select the side that has to be stapled and then choose the width of the margin.
- Click the OK option on the Page Setup window and then press Print.
Printing on Postcards using Canon PIXMA MX922
- Turn On your printer, and load the right type of postcard into the tray.
- Open the driver software window on your system.
- Select the Quick Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup dialog box, and choose the Standard option on the Commonly Used Settings tab.
- Choose the type of media and the right size of the loaded postcard paper.
- If you want the print task to be printed horizontally, set the Orientation type to Landscape mode.
- Tap High or Standard as the Print Quality and end the setup by selecting the OK option.
- Once you execute the print task, the data gets printed on the postcard sheet.
How to Setup Envelope Printing on Canon PIXMA MX922 printer
- Place enough envelopes into the cassette of your Canon PIXMA MX922 printer.
- To print an envelope, click Start and select Hardware & Sound.
- Choose the icon of your printer to open the Printer Driver Setup dialog box on your computer.
- Select the Envelope option on the Commonly Used Settings window which is present on the Quick Setup tab.
- Choose the Paper Size option. When the Envelope Size Setting dialog displays on your PC, select your envelope size.
- Set the Orientation as Portrait or Landscape and hit the appropriate type of print quality, and then choose OK and finish Canon PIXMA MX922 Print Setup process.


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Easing the pressure
01 October 2011 | News story
The Dadaab refugee camp in north-eastern Kenya, the biggest in the world, is vastly overstretched due to an influx of people fleeing conflict in the wider Eastern Africa region. The local environment is equally feeling the strain.
Settling huge numbers of refugees for a prolonged period of time has a profound negative impact on the environment. Problems include deforestation, land degradation and pollution of water resources. There is also intense competition between refugees and host communities over natural resources.
Most refugee camps in Eastern Africa are situated in dryland ecosystems and, given the complex social challenges of refugee settings, new approaches are needed to restore and manage these severely degraded areas.
Since 2007 IUCN has worked with the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and with both refugee and host communities to develop way of reducing environmental impacts and restoring degraded areas in both open and closed camps.
Through a Community Environmental Management Planning (CEMP) approach, both the host communities and refugee population have been equipped to address the underlying issues that have affected their environment and subsequently their livelihoods.
This approach has also helped UNHCR and its implementing partners to bring a stronger environmental perspective to their day-to-day humanitarian interventions and to address the underlying challenges of natural resource governance, control and ownership. Both refugee population and host communities are keen to avoid severe degradation and improve their livelihoods opportunities by securing their natural resources.
The CEMP approach involves helping communities to highlight priority issues, map key resources, agree on a common vision and define actions to ensure the restoration of highly degraded refugee hosting areas. This work is currently being carried out in Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda and Ethiopia.
Particular success has been achieved through supporting community rehabilitation in Sudan. UNHCR, IUCN, the Sudanese Government's Forest National Corporation (FNC) and the Commission of Refugees (COR), together with state authorities have helped refugees and host communities to take greater responsibility for restoring their environment and improving their livelihoods. The support has paid dividends in Sudan where once-degraded landscapes now boast acres of drought-resistant acacia trees using agricultural practices that provide livestock fodder, firewood, gums and resins as well as basic food crops.
The CEMP process and the lessons learned from it will play a key role in shaping future policies and practices to develop environmental restoration and land use planning. Eventually, through this approach, communities will be weaned from dependency on humanitarian assistance to become increasingly responsible for improving environmental conditions and enhancing their livelihoods.
For more information, contact Guyo Roba, IUCN Programme Officer for Drylands: _EMAIL_