Chimps learn others' traits by observation
April 3, 2008 at 1:42 PM
WASHINGTON, April 3 (UPI) -- U.S. researchers say they've discovered chimpanzees can learn whether people are generous solely by observing them interact with others.
Because chimpanzees have sophisticated social skills, the researchers said they wanted to learn whether chimps, like humans, can form accurate judgments about traits just by observing others, rather than directly interacting with them.
In their first experiments, the researchers allowed chimpanzees to observe unfamiliar humans consistently give (generous humans) or refuse to give (selfish humans) food to a familiar human.
In a subsequent experiment, chimpanzees observed unfamiliar humans consistently give or refuse food to other chimpanzees, rather than to humans.
When later allowed to directly interact with the generous or selfish humans, most of the chimpanzee observers preferred to interact with, and beg food from, the generous humans.
The George Washington University researchers concluded chimpanzees can learn "to infer stability in an individual's character or behavior over time through observation -- an inference that underlies the ability to make reputation judgments." The scientists said such a capacity "may have served as a catalyst to the evolution of various uniquely human traits, such as shared intentionality, language and reasoning."
The study appears in the journal Animal Cognition.
Latest Headlines


text:
County of Bute
|• Total||225 sq mi (583 km2)|
|Ranked 30th of 34|
Buteshire was also a local government county of Scotland with its own elected county council from 1890 to 1975. The council area comprised a number of islands in the Firth of Clyde, between the local government counties of Argyll and Ayrshire, the principal islands being Bute, Arran, Great Cumbrae and Little Cumbrae. The county town was Rothesay, located on the Isle of Bute.
Local government councils
Bute had its own elected local government council from 1890 to 1975. However, in 1975 this system was superseded and Buteshire was divided between the Argyll and Cunninghame districts of the Strathclyde Region. The island of Bute itself became part of Argyll whilst Arran and the Cumbraes became part of Cunninghame.
In 1996 as a result of local government council reorganisation when unitary council areas were superseded and new councils created, Bute became part of Argyll and Bute, and the other islands are now within North Ayrshire.
There was a Buteshire constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. Between 1708 and 1832 it was an alternating constituency with Caithness: one constituency elected a Member of Parliament (MP) to one parliament then the other elected an MP to the next. Between 1832 and 1918 it was a separate constituency, electing an MP to every parliament.
In 1918 the constituency was combined with the Ayrshire North constituency to form the Bute and Northern Ayrshire constituency, a constituency which straddled the boundary between the local government counties of Bute and Ayrshire.
In 1983, eight years after Scottish local government counties had been abolished, the Bute and Northern Ayrshire constituency was divided between the Argyll and Bute constituency and the Cunninghame North constituency.
In 2005, both constituencies were enlarged as part of the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. The name "Argyll and Bute" was retained, while the enlarged Cunningham North was named North Ayrshire and Arran.
List of places
Towns and places in Bute include:
- Corrie, Arran
- Corriegills, Arran
- Dippen, Arran
- Kilchattan Bay, Bute
- Kildonan, Arran
- Kilmory, Arran
- Kingarth, Bute
- Kings Cross, Arran
- Lochranza, Isle of Arran
- Millport, Cumbrae
- Mount Stuart
- Port Bannatyne, Bute
- Rothesay, Bute
- Whiting Bay
Rothesay Castle, with the 16th century forework in the centre, and the 13th century "Pigeon Tower" on the right
- "County of Bute", Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. IV, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878, pp. 579–581.
- "Bute", Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed., Vol. IV, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1911, p. 879.
- NLS map of Buteshire. John Thompson's Atlas of Scotland. 1832.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bute.|
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Towns and villages in Argyll and Bute.|
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Great Cumbrae.|
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Isle of Arran.|
|Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bute (county).|

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


My cart
Connections Quiz Round - Oscar Winners
Oscar Winners 1
Oscar Winners Connections Round - The answer to question 10 is the connection between all 9 answers.
This is an Instant Download quiz
How Do I Get My Quiz?
The connections quiz round is a good way to test teams during a standard pub quiz night.
It features 9 general knowledge quiz questions and question 10 is "Guess the connection between all, or part of each answer"
The answer to this quiz is Oscar Winners
Example questions;
 - Which actress, once engaged to Leonard Cohen, played Peyton Flanders in The Hand That Rocks The Cradle?
More Information
SKU C111
Write Your Own Review


text:
Williamson Island | Tybee Island, Georgia
View Photos/Videos Below
View a map showing Georgia's newest barrier island and all of Georgia's major barrier islands.
Williamson Island is the youngest Georgia island. Shoreline surveys of 1913 show the formation of a sand spit from the central portion of Little Tybee's shoreline. At the time, Beach Hammock was the southernmost ocean shoreline in the Tybee-Little Tybee complex. The spit continued to lengthen, with Little Tybee Creek routed to the south between the spit and the marsh. Between 1957 and 1960 the spit was breached. The resulting island is Williamson. This low, narrow barrier is like those typically found on coasts with high wave energy and low tidal energies.
After the island was created, Kerr-McGee Corporation and the state both claimed ownership. This disagreement over an ephemeral body of sand was taken to the courts. The state was eventually designated the island's proper owner and manager.
By Tonya D. Clayton, Lewis A. Taylor, Jr., William J. Cleary, Paul E. Hosier, Peter H.F. Graber, William J. Neal, and Orrin H. Pilkey, Sr. in Living with the Georgia Shore
Tagged with: Barrier Islands in Georgia
Georgia Barrier Islands Photos
Photographs of 16 major barrier islands along the Georgia Coast with brief descriptions. Photos are arranged in geographical order north to south. For more detailed information on each island see Barrier Islands In Georgia and the Georgia Barrier Islands Map.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Typically, a mail address has the following format. For further details, refer to Route–Independent Mail Addresses.
user@subdomain.....subdomain2.subdomain1.top-level-domain
The part of the address to the left of the @ sign is the local address. The local address can contain the following.
Information about routing with another mail transport (for example, bob::vmsvax@gateway or smallberries%mill.uucp@gateway)
An alias (for example, iggy.ignatz)
The receiving mailer is responsible for determining what the local part of the address means. For information about mailers, refer to Mailers and sendmail.
The part of the address to the right of the @ sign shows the domain levels, which is where the local address resides. A dot separates each subdomain. The domain part of the address can be an organization, a physical area, or a geographic region. Furthermore, the order of domain information is hierarchical, so the more local the subdomain, the closer the subdomain is to the @ sign.


text:
Purification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat (Rattus norvegicus) erythrocytes and inhibition effects of some metal ions on enzyme activity
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the first enzyme on which the pentose phosphate pathway was checked. In this study, purification of a G6PD enzyme was carried out by using rat erythrocytes with a specific activity of 13.7EU/mg and a yield of 67.7 and 155.6-fold by using 2,5-ADP Sepharose-4B affinity column chromatography. For the purpose of identifying the purity of enzyme and molecular mass of the subunit, a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was carried out. The molecular mass of subunit was calculated 56.5kDa approximately. Then, an investigation was carried out regarding the inhibitory effects caused by various metal ions (Fe2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ag+, and Zn2+) on G6PD enzyme activities, as per Beutler method at 340nm under in vitro conditions. Lineweaver-Burk diagrams were used for estimation of the IC50 and K-i values for the metals. K-i values for Pb+2, Cd+2, Ag+, and Zn+2 were 113.3, 215.2, 19.4, and 474.7M, respectively.


Benefits of olive oil for a foot massage and its method
Feet massage is often done using oil from natural oils, including olive oil, which is the subject of this article, where we will review the benefits of olive oil for foot massage.
You can download this file that contains 6 steps to make a healthy foot massage using olive oil, which will ensure that you get the maximum benefit in the right way.
Foot massage sessions have spread today, due to their effectiveness in relieving body pain, as the foot contains the nerve ends of the nerves spread throughout the rest of the body, and people who spend long working hours standing, undergo foot massage sessions, in order to relieve their pain,.
Often massages are done using oil from natural oils, including olive oil, which is the subject of this article.
Benefits of olive oil for the body
Benefits of olive oil
Olive oil is one of the well-known natural oils known for its great benefits to the human body, and this oil consists of a group of unsaturated fatty acids such as: omega-3 and omega-6 as well as oleic acid.
These fatty acids have a large and important role in the human body, which made olive oil one of the oils of choice for use in massages.
Benefits of olive oil to massage the feet
Olive oil has antioxidant properties
The antioxidant properties of olive oil contribute to treating inflammation of muscles and joints, and protecting them from the waste of deposited metabolites, as the accumulation of these wastes in the cells of muscle tissue as well as joints causes inflammation in the joints and the surrounding muscles.
Therefore, olive oil is used in massaging the feet for its ability to relieve and remove these pain and inflammation.
Foot fungus removal
One of the important benefits of olive oil is that it works as an anti-fungus, as olive oil eliminates the fungi in the feet, and repairs the dead cells that are next to those fungi, thus obtaining a smooth foot.
Treating cracked feet
These cracks are often caused by dry feet and lack of attention and care for them, and these cracks often increase in the winter, and massage with olive oil is useful in treating cracked feet, as olive oil moisturizes the feet and provides the necessary care.
Reach a state of calm and relaxation and reduce stress
When massaged with olive oil, it stimulates blood circulation in the cells of the body, which helps in nourishing the cells, expelling waste and toxins from them, this blood circulation when it works normally, it increases muscle relaxation, and this effect is reflected on the person, and he enters a state of calm And tranquility.
Activating blood flow to the cells of the body
With massage, olive oil expands blood vessels, thus stimulating blood flow to the massaged area.
Treat insomnia and facilitate sleep
Insomnia mostly results from excessive thinking and increased levels of anxiety and tension in a person, as the nerve cells in the human body cannot prepare the body for the sleeping position.
Body massage in general works to relax muscles and nerves, and reduce levels of anxiety and tension in humans, while olive oil stimulates blood circulation, nourishes cells and rid them of toxins, and thus increases the level of energy production in cells, and the tension and turmoil in nerve cells in particular is removed, to become a person Able to sleep and away from insomnia.
How to massage the feet with olive oil:
 - The masseur first rubs the entire foot with olive oil.
 - The masseur begins massaging the front of the foot, pressing it with the thumb to deliver the olive oil to the deep muscle tissue and treat its infections.
 - The masseur performs a massage with rubbing on the front of the foot area in order to stimulate blood flow to this area, thus the person enters into a state of relaxation.
 - The masseur moves to the heel area, and he massages this area with gentle pressure on it to ensure that the oil reaches the internal tissues, to perform its function in removing pain and inflammation, and treating cracks.
 - Since the heel area is the strongest area on the foot, pressure is applied to this area with regular circular movements, as most of the foot pain is concentrated in this area.
 - The masseur massages the soles of the arched foot and rubs it in order to stimulate blood circulation in it and deliver the oil to the deep tissues.
 - Moving to the toes, where the toes are tightened and pressed with oil, to remove the fungi in them, as well as what should not be forgotten between the toes, to remove the bacteria in this area.
Add Comment


text:
Definition of slickens
1a : the thin layer of extremely fine silt sometimes deposited by flood waters of a stream b : finely pulverized material from a quartz mill or washings of lighter earth sluiced away in hydraulic mining
2 : slickenside
Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America's largest dictionary, with:
- More than 250,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary
- Expanded definitions, etymologies, and usage notes
- Advanced search features
- Ad free!
Origin and Etymology of slickens
probably irregular from slick finely pounded ore, from German schlich slime
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up slickens? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


text:
Texas A&M University
Texas A&M University researchers found these 55-gallon drums at a known chemical weapons dumpsite near the mouth of the Mississippi River. They suspect mustard gas was leaking out.
Oil and bombs don't mix, yet there's millions of pounds of unexploded World War II munitions dumped in the Gulf of Mexico that pose a risk to offshore drilling and the environment, researchers say.
The military carried out the dumping from 1946 to 1970 — including off the Pacific, Atlantic and Hawaii coasts — so it's no secret. But now that some of the containers used to store the munitions are more than 60 years old, the researchers say it's time to see them as a threat.
"The bottom line is that these bombs are a threat today and no one knows how to deal with the situation," Texas A&M oceanographer William Bryant said in a statement ahead of a briefing he'll give at a weapons disposal conference. "If chemical agents are leaking from some of them, that's a real problem. If many of them are still capable of exploding, that's another big problem."
Photos taken during surveys show that some of the chemical weapons canisters, such as those that carried mustard gas, appear to be leaking materials and are damaged, Bryant and others on his team reported.
The surveys have turned up 10 dump sites at 60 and 100 miles out — and one of them had a pipeline running through it.
Texas has the closest dump, followed by Louisiana, "not far from where the Mississippi River delta area is," Bryant said. "Some shrimpers have recovered bombs and drums of mustard gas in their fishing nets.
Texas A&M University
Texas A&M University researchers found this unexploded, 500-pound bomb at a dumpsite near the mouth of the Mississippi River in 2008.
"No one seems to know where all of them are and what condition they are in today," he added. "The best guess is that at least 31 million pounds of bombs were dumped, but that could be a very conservative estimate.
"These were all kinds of bombs, from land mines to the standard military bombs, also several types of chemical weapons," he said. "Our military also dumped bombs offshore that they got from Nazi Germany right after World War II.
"Is there an environmental risk? We don't know, and that in itself is reason to worry," he said.
The hazards pose even more of a risk as the Obama administration and energy companies pick up the pace of drilling after the 2010 BP oil spill.
Ironically, unexploded ordnance was found in the offshore zone known as Mississippi Canyon where the BP well was drilled.
This chart lists some of the munitions dumpsites in the Gulf of Mexico, and what's there.
"My first thought when I saw the news reports of the Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf two years ago were, 'Oh my gosh, I wonder if some of the bombs down there are to blame'," recalled Bryant.
That turned out not to be the case, but such World War II finds are not surprising in the oil industry.
Last year, BP shut a major North Sea pipeline for five days to remove a 13-foot unexploded German mine. BP discovered the mine during an inspection, then spent months devising a plan to remove and safely detonate it.
This chart lists some of the munitions dump sites in the Gulf of Mexico, and what is there.
In 2001, BP and Shell found the wreckage of the U-166, a German WWII submarine, 45 miles from the mouth of the Mississippi River.
While the practice of dumping bombs and chemical weapons in the ocean ended 40 years ago, some effects are just now being seen, Terrance Long, founder of the International Dialogue on Underwater Munitions, told Reuters. Bryant will be briefing the group's conference, which begins Monday in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
"You can find munitions in basically every ocean around the world, every major sea, lake and river," Long said. "They are a threat to human health and the environment."
Reuters contributed to this report.
More content from NBCNews.com:
- Lawsuit: Pentagon denied rape victims their constitutional rights
- US immigration chief: Same-sex ties are family ties
- A country song about PTSD: 'All you've got left are these pieces'
- Michigan police dig into driveway in latest search for Teamster boss Jimmy Hoffa
- Six teenage girls beat Pennsylvania woman, videotape attack
- Video: Pilot proposes during emergency stunt


text:
. One method of testing the coating hardness is by means of the Persoz pendulum.
Bonding of DLC coatings
The same internal stress that benefits the hardness of DLC materials makes it difficult to bond such coatings to the substrates to be protected. The internal stresses try to "pop" the DLC coatings off of the underlying samples. This challenging downside of extreme hardness is answered in several ways, depending upon the particular "art" of the production process. The most simple is to exploit the natural chemical bonding that happens in cases in which incident carbon ions supply the material to be impacted into sp3 bonded carbon atoms and the impacting energies that are compressing carbon volumes condensed earlier. In this case the first carbon ions will impact the surface of the item to be coated. If that item is made of a carbide-forming substance such as Ti or Fe in steel a layer of carbide will be formed that is later bonded to the DLC grown on top of it. Other methods of bonding include such strategies as depositing intermediate layers that have atomic spacings that grade from those of the substrate to those characteristic of sp3 bonded carbon. In 2006 there were as many successful recipes for bonding DLC coatings as there were sources of DLC.
DLC coatings are often used to prevent wear due to their excellent tribological properties. DLC is very resistant to abrasive and adhesive wear making it suitable for use in applications that experience extreme contact pressure, both in rolling and sliding contact. DLC is often used to prevent wear on razor blades and metal cutting tools, including lathe inserts and milling cutters. DLC is used in bearings, cams, cam followers, and shafts in the automobile industry. The coatings reduce wear during the 'break-in' period, where drive train components may be starved for lubrication.
DLCs may also be used in chameleon coatings that are designed to prevent wear during launch, orbit, and re-entry of land-launched space vehicles. DLC provides lubricity at ambient atmosphere and at vacuum, unlike graphite which requires moisture to be lubricious.
Despite the favorable tribological properties of DLC it must be used with caution on ferrous metals. If it is used at higher temperatures, the substrate or counter face may carburize, which could lead to loss of function due to a change in hardness. This phenomenon prevents the use of DLC coated machine tool on steel.
If a DLC material is close enough to ta-C on plots of bonding ratios and hydrogen content it can be an insulator with a high value of resistivity. Perhaps more interesting is that if prepared in the "medium" cobblestone version such as shown in the above figure, electricity is passed through it by a mechanism of hopping conductivity. In this type of conduction of electricity the electrons move by quantum mechanical tunneling between pockets of conductive material isolated in an insulator. The result is that such a process makes the material something like a semiconductor. Further research on electrical properties is needed to explicate such conductivity in ta-C in order to determine its practical value. However, a different electrical property of emissivity has been shown to occur at unique levels for ta-C. Such high values allow for electrons to be emitted from ta-C coated electrodes into vacuum or into other solids with application of modest levels of applied voltage. This has supported important advances in medical technology.
Applications of DLC typically utilize the ability of the material to reduce abrasive wear. Tooling components, such as endmills, drill bits, dies and molds often use DLC in this manner. DLC is also used in the engines of modern supersport motorcycles, Formula 1 racecars, NASCAR vehicles, and as a coating on hard-disk platters and hard-disk read heads to protect against head crashes. Virtually all of the multi-bladed razors used for wet shaving have the edges coated with hydrogen-free DLC to reduce friction, preventing abrasion of sensitive skin. It is also being used as a coating by some weapon manufacturers/custom gunsmiths. Some forms have been certified in the EU for food service and find extensive uses in the high-speed actions involved in processing novelty foods such as "chips" and in guiding material flows in packaging foodstuffs with plastic wraps. DLC coats the cutting edges of tools for the high-speed, dry shaping of difficult exposed surfaces of wood and aluminium, for example on automobile dashboards.
Medical applications: The wear, friction, and electrical properties of DLC make it an appealing material for medical applications. Fortunately, DLC has proved to have excellent bio-compatibility as well. This has enabled many medical procedures, such as Percutaneous coronary intervention employing brachytherapy to benefit from the unique electrical properties of DLC. At low voltages and low temperatures electrodes coated with DLC can emit enough electrons to be arranged into disposable, micro-X-ray tubes as small as the radioactive seeds that are introduced into arteries or tumors in conventional brachytherapy. The same dose of prescribed radiation can be applied from the inside, out with the additional possibility to switch on and off the radiation in the prescribed pattern for the X-rays being used. DLC has proved to be an excellent coating to prolong the life of and reduce complications with replacement hip joints and artificial knees. It also has been successfully applied to coronary artery stents, reducing the incidence of thrombosis. The implantable human heart pump can be considered the ultimate biomedical application where DLC coating is used on blood contacting surfaces of the key components of the device.
The Space Black stainless steel Apple Watch is coated with diamond-like carbon.
Environmental benefits of durable products
The increase in lifetime of articles coated with DLC that wear out because of abrasion can be described by the formula f = (g)µ, where g is a number that characterizes the type of DLC, the type of abrasion, the substrate material and μ is the thickness of the DLC coating in μm. For "low-impact" abrasion (pistons in cylinders, impellers in pumps for sandy liquids, etc.), g for pure ta-C on 304 stainless steel is 66. This means that one-μm thickness (that is ~5% of the thickness of a human hair-end) would increase service lifetime for the article it coated from a week to over a year and two-μm thickness would increase it from a week to 85 years. These are measured values; though in the case of the 2 μm coating the lifetime was extrapolated from the last time the sample was evaluated until the testing apparatus itself wore out.
There are environmental arguments that a sustainable economy ought to encourage articles not engineered to lower performance or to fail prematurely. This in turn will reduce the need to support greater production of units and their frequent replacement, which might provide an economic disincentive to manufacturers of such devices.
Currently there are about 100 outsource vendors of DLC coatings that are loaded with amounts of graphite and hydrogen and so give much lower g-numbers than 66 on the same substrates.
- Robertson, J. (2002). "Diamond-like amorphous carbon". Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports 37 (4–6): 129. doi:10.1016/S0927-796X(02)00005-0.
- Name Index of Carbon Coatings
- Kržan, B. et al. (2009). "Tribological behavior of tungsten-doped DLC coating under oil lubrication". Tribology International 42 (2): 229. doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2008.06.011.
- Evtukh, A.A et al. (2001). "Silicon doped diamond-like carbon films as a coating forimprovement of electron field emission". Proceedings of the 14th International Vacuum Microelectronics Conference: 295. doi:10.1109/IVMC.2001.939770.
- Louis Bergeron (Oct 17, 2011). "Amorphous Diamond, a New Super-Hard Form of Carbon Created Under Ultrahigh Pressure". Science Daily. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
An amorphous diamond -- one that lacks the crystalline structure of diamond, but is every bit as hard -- has been created by a Stanford-led team of researchers.... That uniform super-hardness, combined with the light weight that is characteristic of all forms of carbon -- including diamond -- could open up exciting areas of application, such as cutting tools and wear-resistant parts for all kinds of transportation.
- Yu Lin, Li Zhang, Ho-kwang Mao, Paul Chow, Yuming Xiao, Maria Baldini, Jinfu Shu, and Wendy L. Mao. Amorphous diamond: A high-pressure superhard carbon allotrope. Physical Review Letters, 2011
- Achieving ultralow nanoscale wear
- DLC Coatings
- Argon plasma treatment on metal substrates and effects on diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coating properties By Abdul Wasy ZIA et al. DOI: 10.1002/crat.201300171
- Effect of Physical and Chemical Plasma Etching on Surface Wettability of Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Composites for Bone Plate Applications By Abdul Wasy ZIA et al. DOI: 10.1002/adv.21480
- Evaluation of bias voltage effect on diamond-like carbon coating properties deposited on tungsten carbide cobalt By Abdul Wasy ZIA et al. DOI: 10.1002/sia.5400
- Thickness dependent properties of diamond-like carbon coatings by filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition by Abdul Wasy Zia et al, DOI: _URL_
- Effect of Diamond like Carbon Coating Thickness on Stainless Steel Substrate by Abdul Wasy


text:
Why Video Compression Is Necessary
When students create a video on an iPad for assessment purposes there should be no issues when submitting this to your teacher.
- A raw 2 minute video captured initially using your iPad camera = 218Mb
- This raw video edited in iMovie and exported to the camera roll at HD 720p = 155Mb
- Uploading your HD 720p video to YouTube = 38.3Mb
If you are using SEQTA, TEAMS or OneDrive for your video submission, it is strongly recommended that you use the Compress App to reduce file size before submitting.
Make sure you have access to the following Apps on your iPad.
Video Submission Summary


text:
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Alternative forms
- acousticks (obsolete)
Audio (US) (file)
See -ics regarding the treatment of such nouns as singular.
- The physical quality of a space for performing music.
- (physics) The science of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena and laws.
- Acoustics, then, or the science of sound, is a very considerable branch of physics. - Sir John Herschel.
Usage notes
- The science was previously divided by some writers into diacoustics, which explains the properties of sounds coming directly from (sic! Webster) the ear; and catacoustica, which treats of reflected sounds or echoes. This division is now obsolete.
Related terms
quality of a space for doing music
physics: a science of sounds
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.


text:
Blogging about graduation ceremonies yesterday, I was reminded that a few years ago I had to deliver an oration on behalf of a very famous physicist who was awarded an honorary doctorate at the University of Nottingham. The recipient was TD Lee (shown left) who, together with CN Yang, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1957 for his work on parity violation. I thought you might find it interesting to read the text of the oration, which I just found on my laptop this morning:
PROFESSOR TSUNG-DAO LEE
ORATION DELIVERED BY PROFESSOR PETER COLES
ON MONDAY 17 JULY 2006
Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is both a pleasure and a privilege to present Professor Tsung-Dao Lee for the award of an honorary degree. Professor Lee is a distinguished theoretical physicist whose work over many years has been characterized, in the words of Dr J Robert Oppenheimer, by "a remarkable freshness, versatility and style."
Tsung-Dao Lee was born in Shanghai and educated at Suzhou University Middle School in Shanghai. Fleeing the Japanese invasion, he left Shanghai in 1941. His education was interrupted by war. In 1945 he entered the National Southwest University in Kunming as a sophomore. He was soon recognized as an outstanding young scientist and in 1946 was awarded a Chinese Government Scholarship enabling him to start a PhD in Physics under Professor Enrico Fermi at the University of Chicago. He gained his doctorate in physics in 1950 with a thesis on the Hydrogen Content of White Dwarf Stars, and subsequently served as a research associate at the Yerkes Astronomical Observatory of the University of Chicago in Williams Bay, Wisconsin.
Astronomy is a science that concerns the very large, but it was in the physics of the very small that Professor Lee was to do his most famous work. After one year as a research associate and lecturer at the University of California in Berkeley, he became a fellow of the Institute of Advanced Study in Princeton and, in 1953, he accepted an assistant professorship position at Columbia University in New York. Two and a half years later, he became the youngest full professor in the history of Columbia University. During this time he often collaborated with Chen Ning Yang whom he had known as a fellow student in Chicago. In 1956 they co-authored a paper whose impact was both immediate and profound. Only a year later, Lee and Yang were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Professor Lee was thirty-one at the time and was the second youngest scientist ever to receive this distinction. (The youngest was Sir Lawrence Bragg who shared the Physics Prize with his father in 1915, at the age of twenty-five.)
It is usually difficult to explain the ideas of theoretical physics to non-experts. The mathematical language is inaccessible to those without specialist training. But some of the greatest achievements in this field are so bold and so original that they appear, at least with hindsight, to be astonishingly simple. The work of Lee and Yang on parity violation in elementary particle interactions is an outstanding example.
Subatomic particles interact with each other in very complicated ways. In high energy collisions, particles can be scattered, destroyed or transformed into other particles. But governing these changes are universal rules involving things that never change. The existence of these conservation laws is a manifestation of the symmetries possessed by the mathematical theory of particle interactions.
Lee and Yang focussed on a particular attribute called parity, which relates to the "handedness" of a particle and symmetry with respect to mirror reflections. Physicists had previously assumed that the laws of nature do not distinguish between leftand right-handed states: a left-handed object when seen in a mirror should be indistinguishable from a right-handed one. This symmetry suggests that parity should be conserved in particle interactions, as it is in many other physical processes. Unfortunately this chain of thought led to a puzzling deadlock in our understanding of the so-called weak nuclear interaction. Lee and Yang made the revolutionary suggestion that parity is not conserved in weak interactions and consequently that the laws of nature must have a built-in handedness. A year later their theory was tested experimentally and found to be correct. Their penetrating insight led to a radical overhaul of the theory of weak interactions and to many further discoveries. Physicists around the world said "Of course! Why didn't I think of that?"
This classic "Eureka moment" happened half a century ago, but Professor Lee has since made a host of equally distinguished contributions to fields as diverse as astrophysics, statistical mechanics, field theory and turbulence. He was made Enrico Fermi Professor at Columbia in 1964 and University Professor there in 1984. With typical energy and enthusiasm he took up the post of director of the RIKEN Research Center at Brookhaven National Laboratories in 1998. He has played a prominent role in the advancement of science in China, including roles as director of physics institutes in Beijing and Zhejiang.
Professor Lee has received numerous awards and honours from around the world, including the Albert Einstein Award in Science, the Bude Medal, the Galileo Galilei Medal, the Order of Merit, Grande Ufficiale of Italy, the Science for Peace Prize, the China National-International Cooperation Award, the New York City Science Award, the Pope Joannes Paulis Medal, Il Ministero dell'Interno Medal of the Government of Italy and the New York Academy of Sciences Award. His recognition even extends beyond this world, for in 1997 Small Planet 3443 was named in his honour.
Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, to you and to the whole congregation I present Professor Tsung-Dao Lee as eminently worthy to receive the degree of Doctor of Science, honoris causa.


1. When you're locked out of your vehicle, workplace, or home, you find yourself in an unwanted situation. If this incident happens during the daytime, then you would actually pay too much heed to the result. During these hours, one can depend on their associates and relatives for assistance.
2. Whenever you misplace your keys, it indicates 2 things; either your keys are lost or that they were stolen. In both situations, you're at great risk. If the keys are stolen, then the most likely purpose behind the act was a robbery. Likewise, if the lost keys fall into the wrong hands, robbery is an apparent event. Replacement of the lock is the only way to avoid these unwanted events. Failure to do so would result in a great deal of financial and emotional distress. Failure to do so will invite loads of financial and emotional distress. Calling the dc locksmith company will make sure that your locks are replaced within a short time duration.


text:
Welcome to the Cyprus Centre for the Research and Study of Music (C.C.R.S.M.), a non-profit academic organization dedicated to the development and promotion of cross-disciplinary and interdisciplinary research and study of music. Here you will find information and all the latest about our organization, various activities organized, services and publications offered.
The Cyprus Centre for the Research and Study of Music, C.C.R.S.M. is a non-profit organization registered in the Republic of Cyprus in 2012 and began its financial activities in March 2014. Its mission is to promote and advance the research and study of music; innovation, expression, participation, creation and communication in music, encompassing a diverse range of musical genres, of creating and learning, participating and performing. The centre promotes cross-disciplinary, interdisciplinary research across cultures and societies, embracing the multidimensional and multidirectional 'heteroglossic' musical worlds.
Recognizing the fundamental power of music and its tremendous significance in people's lives CCRSM aims in bringing together and actively engage and challenge musicians and/or creators, educationalists and/or researchers, children and/or adults, cultural entrepreneurs and investors all of which always strive to go one step further. CCRSM serves as a centre for the creation and implementation of new ideas related to music leadership, music learning and music professional development in Cyprus, its regional communities, the Mediterranean basin and Europe at large. The centre's activities are centered in the Mediterranean, a fascinating place of human interactions, conflicts and mixing, diverse syncretism and conversion of diversities. For some people it represents a rich cultural melting pot, while for others a colorful mosaic of localised cultural and musical behaviors and practices.
At the same time C.C.R.S.M. provides a platform and a bridge for ongoing music research, interaction and dialogue with global perspectives. It acknowledges the formulation of multilayered, 'heteroglossic', multicultural and intercultural musical narratives and musical identities and their impact in human musical practices at each psychological, social, historical, cultural, ethnic, political, economic, local and global context. In turn, the centre aims in closely observing, investigating and celebrating such human phenomena. They provide rich opportunities for collaborative work, individual intellectual and emotional fulfillment and promote peace and intercultural understanding between persons and groups.
Our logo has a twofold meaning as it is inspired from both the family name of the founder of the organization, "Pierides"(masculine ending in Greek: Πιερίδης, female Pieridou:Πιερίδου) and the ancient Greek and Roman myths of Pierides Muses. Our logo signifies the fusion of geographically different socio-historical cultural and musical worlds and our fundamental underlying principles.
Most symbols on the logo are, interestingly, of feminine gender in Greek language: the sea (θάλασσα), the Muse (Μούσα), the harp (Άρπα), the note (Νότα), the jay (κίσσα), the earth (γή), the music (μουσική), the creation (δημιουργία), the production (παραγωγή) and the knowledge (γνώση). Since ancient times, people have believed that the female cannot exist without the protection of and union with the masculine. Therefore, the curved line on the top of the logo represents Uranus, also known as Ouranós, the embodiment of the sky or heavens, and known as "the god of the sky". He was the first son of Gaia - the earth which is represented in our logo by the bird. Ouranós also became Gaia's husband. The sky also symbolizes the spiritual element in music experience which assists in the elevation of the human spirit and soul. Finally this line also represents the timeline from the past to the present that is pointing to and continues in the future.
If observed from left to right, just like a journey from past to present, on the left of the logo there is the Muse of Music singing and holding an harp, a figure of Mousayétis Apollo, their combination representing both the female and masculine elements in the musicmaking. On the right of the Muse's back a bird emerges, a Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius (in Greek = κίσσα) which is found in abundance in the forests of Troodhos Mountains in Cyprus. It is an intelligent, self-conscious, shy and cautious bird well hidden in the leaves of the forest trees with a harsh croaking and voice imitation abilities.
Lastly, the music stave, also representing the Mediterranean Sea seems to be stemming from the harp in a wave-like direction to the right, from past to present. Although the stave is fundamental in western musical notation the impressionistic notation with sails and anchor symbolizes the flow of musical interaction and the fluidity of different and varied musical meanings that are possible through processes of diversification, hybridization and syncretism in each historical moment.
According to a Greek myth, Pierides might have been the patronymic of the nine daughters of King Pieros of Emathia, who gave each of his nine daughters a name of the Muses. Pierides (in plural form) were also called the Muses who were born and lived in Pieria Greece, not far from Olympus, and thus also called Olympiades (Vakhes in Euripides). Likewise in Latin mythology, e.g. in Ovid's Metamorphosis, Pierides referred to the Muses in general.
In a different version, we learn that the most ancient seat of worship of Muses was in Pieria, where Apollo was directing their choir and thus was also known as Mousayétis. Pierides had beautiful voices and their singing was very sweet but became so arrogant considering themselves better than the Muses that they challenged them in a singing contest. The Muses as expected won and punished the presumptuous maidens by transforming them into chattering birds. These birds belong to the corvids or crow family which includes a large number of species such as the European magpies and Eurasian jays. These species, though cacophonous are nature's most intelligent birds and among the most intelligent of all animals.
Vanity and arrogance led to the destruction of the inherent gift of beautiful divine singing, according to the myth. The transformation to an earthy but intelligent species, such as the Eurasian jay, points to the fundamental brain intelligence and social skills necessary for survival on this planet. In a metaphorical sense, such transformation exemplifies brain intelligence which leads to contemporary human bright discoveries, exquisite creative accomplishments and important research findings.
To our understanding, the myth also points to the continuous interaction between the divine and the earthy, ideas and actions. Throughout the centuries written language and books have been prime forms of knowledge sharing and research support. Therefore the bird holds a book with his mouth as a symbol of knowledge and research.
We believe that music is a fundamental human biological trait and a human capacity to formulate organized, meaningful sounds. More than that, it is an embodied phenomenon, a mindful social practice, a creative experience and exciting narrative in the journey of life. At the same time it is a phenomenon that has always attracted human research, which in turn, enriches and advances music making, learning and participation. Our efforts are nested in the often called 'cradle of western civilization and culture' the great sea, the Mediterranean.


text:
When recycling automobiles, the focus to date has been on metals. However, current practice increasingly uses as much of the non-metallic content of the vehicle as possible. Suitability for recycling is a characteristic that is already being taken into account during design.
Even before recycling scrap, Audi tries to avoid producing it. For that reason, most of the components and raw materials are delivered by suppliers in re-usable packaging. 95 percent of all the scrap created during production is recycled. Furthermore, materials used in the car are marked so that clear identification at the beginning of the recycling process is made easier.


수원지방법원 2017.08.16 2016고정3147
Defendant shall be punished by a fine of KRW 3,000,000.
When the defendant does not pay the above fine, 100,000 won.
Punishment of the crime
On December 2, 2012, the Defendant received a decision of provisional seizure from the victim C to receive a decision of provisional seizure against D and delegated the claim for the amount deposited by receiving a dividend payment during the auction procedure. On December 26, 2012, the Defendant received the dividend amount of KRW 4,92,596 deposited in the Suwon Friwon Friwon Friwon Friwon Friwon, but arbitrarily consumed the said dividend at around that time.
In light of the records of this case, there is no obstacle to the defendant's exercise of his right to defense, and basic facts were appropriately revised and recognized within the same scope.
Summary of Evidence
1. Partial statement of the defendant;
1. The legal statement of the witness C;
1. Statement made by the police against C;
1. Application of Acts and subordinate statutes of a written entrustment for payment, an application for issuing deposited dividends, and a written decision on provisional seizure of real
1. Relevant Article 355 of the Criminal Act concerning the facts constituting an offense and Article 355 (1) of the Criminal Act concerning the choice of punishment;
1. Article 70(1) and Article 69(2) of the Criminal Act to attract a workhouse;
1. Determination on the assertion by the Defendant and his defense counsel under Article 334(1) of the Criminal Procedure Act
1. The summary of the argument is that the Defendant received 2.5 million won equivalent to half of the dividend amounting to 4,92,596 won from the victim at the time, as compensation for aiding and abetting the victim's lawsuit and construction, and the remainder of approximately KRW 2.5 million was agreed upon by the Defendant to use the victim's lawsuit and construction during that period, and then, the Defendant received and consumed dividend amounting to KRW 4,992,596. Accordingly, the crime of embezzlement is not established.
2. Comprehensively taking account of the following circumstances acknowledged by the evidence duly admitted and investigated by this court, the Defendant's arbitrary consumption of dividends of KRW 4,992,596 against the victim's will without the victim's consent.
Therefore, the defendant and his defense counsel's assertion is without merit.
A. The victim filed a complaint against D in 2008 from an investigative agency to this court.


Skip to content
Instantly share code, notes, and snippets.
What would you like to do?
Test the variables types in jinja2 templates, used here with ansible
- hosts: all
gather_facts: no
string: "string"
- item1
- item2
key1: value1
key2: value2
k1: "string"
k2: [ "item1", "item2" ]
k3: { 'i1': 'v1', 'i2': 'v2' }
- debug: msg="dict is mapping"
when: dict is mapping
- debug: msg="list is mapping"
when: list is mapping
- debug: msg="string is mapping"
when: string is mapping
- debug: msg="dict is sequence"
when: dict is sequence
- debug: msg="list is sequence"
when: list is sequence
- debug: msg="string is sequence"
when: string is sequence
- debug: msg="dict is iterable"
when: dict is iterable
- debug: msg="list is iterable"
when: list is iterable
- debug: msg="string is iterable"
when: string is iterable
- debug: msg="dict is string"
when: dict is string
- debug: msg="list is string"
when: list is string
- debug: msg="string is string"
when: string is string
- copy:
dest: /tmp/variable.txt
content: |
{% for k,v in object.iteritems() %}
{% if v is string %}string: {{ v }}
{% elif v is mapping %}{% for j,l in v.iteritems() %}{{ j }}: {{ l }}\n{% endfor %}
{% elif v is sequence %}{% for n in v %}- {{ n }}\n{% endfor %}
{% else %}huh?
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}


text:
Русский стих: метрика, системы стихосложения, просодия (генеративный подход) [Russian verse: Its metrics, versification systems, and prosody (Generative synopsis)]
Russian verse: Its metrics, versification systems, and prosody (Generative synopsis). In the article the general verse metre theory and its application to Russian verse is adressed, allowing us, thereby, to observe not the single details, but only the most general characteristics of verse. The treatment can be summarised in the five following points:
1) the basis for the phenomenon of verse is its metrical code: the special feature of verse text is the presence of its metre (this feature is common to every verse type, to the most regular verse, as well as to vers libre);
2) the nature of verse metre is extralinguistic, there is no metre within a language, the latter can only induce certain limitations in choosing a metre; 3) metre is an abstract chain of translational symmetry, the elementary period of which is called verse foot (i.e. firstly, verse feet are contained in every versification system, incl. syllabic verse and free verse, and, secondly, verse feet can not be defined in terms of natural language, e.g., as the combination of short and long or accented and unaccented syllables).
4) in verse text, metre appears through the medium of natural language: verse metre is coded in terms of natural language; the nature of its codification is detennined by the versification system. Hence, every verse metre can be realised in different versification systems, e.g. iambus can occur in syllabic-accentual, syllabic-quantitative, and some other versification systems;
5) verse prosody is a consequence of the influence of verse metre on the prosodies of language; the range of transformation of a language system by verse metre extends from the unification of the strength of verse accents in accentual verse to such artificial formations as the origination of long syllables in languages which lack phonological quantity.


text:
Researchers at the Alaska Volcano Observatory say that Mount Redoubt may erupt within days.
The mountain, which lies about 100 miles to the southwest across the Cook Inlet from Anchorage last erupted in 1989. That event, according to the Anchorage Daily News, "disrupted international air traffic and coated Anchorage in a thin layer of volcanic dust."
It is quite unlikely that this eruption will really affect us here in Portland, but if you - like many Oregonians - have friends or family in Alaska, please pass on these volcano safety tips.
And it's never a bad time for us Oregonians to brush up on our safety knowledge since we have dozens of volcanoes along our beautiful Cascade Range.


text:
Please see the attached file, please do Part A only.
This problem is misleading as it suggests that the method you should follow here is more rigorous than it really is. E.g., a slightly different treatment would not yield the first term in the mean field Hamiltonian. The minimization of the free energy is actually how you compute things in mean field theory, and not by just heuristically constructing some "mean field" Hamiltonian. If you follow the standard mean field theory, then you can simply take the parameters in the mean field Hamiltonian to be unknown constants and perform the minimization procedure for the free energy (this is explained in detail in books on statistical mechanics).
There are a few ways we can justify the form of the given mean field Hamiltonian as follows, but the method suggested in the problem is totally wrong (I'll explain what is wrong about it below). The Hamiltonian is:
H = -J sum over of s_i s_j (1)
Here is a pair of two nearest neighbors and the summation is over all nearest neighbors. Note that this means that a term s_i s_j for i and j nearest neighbors will only occur once. If you sum over all lattice points i and then for each sum over all the lattice points j that are neighbors of i, you'll sum over all the nearest neighbors twice. You'll encounter the term s_i s_j when summing over the nearest neighbors of i and again when you arrive at lattice point j and sum over all its nearest neighbors. This means that the summation over can be correctly carried out, e.g. by summing over all the lattice points and taking only two of the nearest neighbors, e.g. the one to the right and the one above it. The interaction with the...
A detailed solution is given that discusses the mean field theory of ising model.


The Evolution of the All Blacks' BMI
By Phoebe Falconer
The evolution of the All Blacks is clearly seen in changes to the dreaded body mass index (BMI).
Even though the height of some players hasn't changed significantly, their BMI (calculated from the ratio of weight to height) has increased over the past 50 years or so. This is particularly noticeable among the props. However, the change in height among the backs has increased at a greater rate than their BMI.
Elaine Rush, professor of nutrition at AUT University, puts this down to several factors.
Predominantly the rise can be attributed to a change in ethnicity of representative rugby players, and better knowledge of nutrition and training methods.
"The demographics of New Zealand have changed," says Dr Rush. "Statistics collected up until the mid-1990s did not include many Pacific Island people or Maori, who in general are not taller but weigh more. And All Black teams 50 or so years ago contained fewer Polynesians.
"People selected for elite sport do not represent the general population. They can afford and are educated about the right nutrition." Muscle can be conditioned and trained. The sort of exercise that rugby players do has a large component that is anaerobic - short and sharp, with a strength that builds a bigger type of muscle fibre.
It appears from research that Polynesian people have more of this type of muscle than Europeans.
"The latter tend to have more aerobic muscle, which lends itself better to sports such as soccer and marathon running."
But rugby players, and others who do a lot of sport, need to be careful when their playing days are over, says Dr Rush.
"They become used to eating great quantities of food, as they need to do while they train and play. Take away the exercise and the fat may creep on."
Nicholas Gill, strength and conditioning coach for the All Blacks, says that as the players are now professional, they take their livelihoods seriously and are using the information and resources available to them.
"The strength and nutrition programmes do change their weights. Sometimes the goal of a gym programme is to increase muscle mass but more often than not it is designed to increase strength and power and prevent injury." This means that even though the All Blacks are larger than the average New Zealand man, typically rugby players have been getting leaner, with less body fat, over the past few years, says Gill.
But we still have some seriously big units in the All Black team and while we expect this trend will continue (in general, each generation is bigger than the last), we can't yet boast the tallest international rugby players of all time. That award goes to Richard Metcalfe, who played at lock for Scotland from 2000 to 2002. At 2.13m (7ft) he had plenty of reach in a lineout.
We do have the heaviest, however - Neemia Tialata weighs in at 136kg.
- NZ Herald
Stats provided by
© Copyright 2014, APN Holdings NZ Limited
Assembled by: (static) on red akl_n6 at 15 Mar 2014 18:14:45 Processing Time: 552ms


text:
Houston, with its strategic position and industrious spirit, has long held maritime significance.
As the heart of American southern ports, its evolution tells a story of innovation, resilience, and economic prowess.
Early 20th Century
The Port of Houston's establishment marked a turning point in the city's history. Its inception not only placed Houston on the global map but also became a cornerstone for its economy.
Railways expanded, businesses flourished, and the city's maritime landscape was forever transformed.
As global trade increased post World War II, Houston witnessed a surge in maritime activity. This era was characterized by the expansion of port facilities, attracting international vessels and solidifying its reputation as a global maritime hub.
Late 20th Century
The late 1900s brought about significant technological advancements, changing the very face of maritime operations.
Automated systems, larger vessels, and advanced shipping methods became the norm. However, this period also highlighted environmental concerns, pushing the port to adopt cleaner, more sustainable practices.
Modernization became the keyword, with the Port of Houston consistently updating its infrastructure to meet global demands.
The emphasis on eco-friendly practices took center stage, with the introduction of green shipping and sustainable cargo handling methods.
Houston's Maritime Influence
Over the years, Houston has not just responded to global maritime trends but has often set them. From pioneering advanced container handling systems to leading in oil and energy exports, its influence is undeniable.
Challenges Over the Years
Like any major port, Houston faced its fair share of challenges. Congestion, pollution, and balancing economic growth with environmental concerns have been ongoing issues.
Yet, with proactive measures, the port has adeptly navigated these challenges.
Houston's maritime activities contribute significantly to both the local and national economy. Generating thousands of jobs and boosting several ancillary industries, its economic impact is profound and far-reaching.
As Houston sails into the future, its maritime landscape continues to evolve. With a rich history behind it and promising prospects ahead, the city remains a pivotal player in the global maritime narrative.
- What was the primary purpose behind the establishment of the Port of Houston?
- To facilitate trade, boost the local economy, and establish Houston as a significant maritime center.
- How has technology impacted Houston's maritime landscape?
- It has introduced automation, improved efficiency, and fostered sustainable practices.
- What environmental measures has Houston adopted in recent years?
- Initiatives include green shipping, waste reduction, and cleaner fuel alternatives for vessels.
- How significant is Houston's port in the global maritime scenario?
- The Port of Houston ranks among the top in the U.S. and has substantial influence in global maritime trade.
- What industries in Houston have benefited the most from its maritime growth?
- Energy, logistics, manufacturing, and several service industries have seen significant growth due to Houston's maritime activities.


Will your kids inherit your debt?
Will your kids inherit your debts after you die?
The short answer is, not in most cases. But there are situations where someone could be legally responsible for paying off your bills after death. Plus, aggressive creditors have been known to coerce heirs into paying off debts for which they're not responsible, just to be left alone.
If you're afraid that your financial legacy will be a heap of unpaid bills, here's what you need to know and prepare for:
In general, children aren't responsible for paying off their parents' unsecured debts – things like credit cards, personal loans and medical bills, which aren't collateralized by physical property. If there's not enough money in the estate to pay off those bills, creditors will have to write them off.
There are several exceptions, however:
 2. If someone is a joint account holder – that is, their income and credit history were used to help obtain the loan or credit card – they're generally responsible to pay off the balance.
 3. Widows and widowers are responsible for their deceased spouse's debts if they live in a community property state.
Note that authorized users on your credit cards aren't liable for repayment since they didn't originally apply for the credit. Chances are they were simply "piggybacking" on your credit record to help build their own. However, to protect authorized users from being bothered by creditors after your death, you may want to remove them from your accounts.
If you have outstanding secured debts upon death, such as a mortgage or car loan, your estate must pay them off or the creditor can seize the underlying asset. For example, if you were planning to leave your house to your kids, they'll need to either pay off or continue making payments on any outstanding mortgage, property taxes and insurance, or risk foreclosure.
Depending on your state's laws, there are a few types of assets, like life insurance proceeds and retirement benefits, which you can pass along to beneficiaries that generally won't be subject to probate or taxation and thus may be safe from creditors.
Check with a probate attorney or legal clinic familiar with your state's inheritance and tax laws. Free or low-cost legal assistance is often available for lower-income people.
Bottom line: If you expect to leave unpaid debts after you die, alert your family now, so that together you can plan a course of action. You don't want to blindside your loved ones in the midst of their grief.
scroll to top


Scanning Microscopy
The kinetics of calcium phosphate crystal growth at the surfaces of proteins and phospholipids has been investigated using free drift and constant composition methods in supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions (relative supersaturations: with respect to hydroxyapatite, HAP, σHAP = 15.0, and with respect to octacalcium phosphate, OCP, σOCP = 1. 9). Fibrinogen and collagen molecules adsorbed at hydrophobic surfaces as well as uncross-linked collagen fibrils induce ion binding and subsequent nucleation of calcium phosphate. The formation of OCP on phosphatidylserine vesicles introduced to highly supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions probably involves the interaction of the calcium ions with the ionized carboxylic groups of the phospholipid.
Included in
Biology Commons


text:
Date2021-06-06/ Research Highlight
Recently, Professor Rui Chen's group from the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) published an article in the renowned journal Advanced Materials, entitled "Self-Structural Healing of Encapsulated Perovskite Microcrystals for Improved Optical and Thermal Stability," which was also selected as the inside front cover.
The research by Professor Rui Chen's group aims to reveal the effect of the intrinsic deep level trap states (DLTS) on the stability of structures and optical properties of perovskites. They found that DLTS has played a very important role in the stability of perovskite materials. The density of DLTS was reduced after annealing at 150 °C due to self-structural healing. Finally, the modified MAPbBr3 has shown stable emission and lasing stability for about two years.
Figure 1. The inside front cover of Advanced Materials
Perovskite materials and their optoelectronic devices have attracted intensive attention in recent years, and the performance of their devices has also been greatly improved. However, researchers gradually found that it is difficult to further enhance the performance of perovskite devices because of the poor stability. It had been found that defects have played a significant role in the stability of perovskite materials, especially the DLTS, which are caused by surface dangling bonds and grain boundaries. In this research, the organic-inorganic hybrid CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) perovskite microcrystal was encapsulated in a dense Al2O3 layer by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form a microenvironment. When the thermal treatment temperature was higher than the MAPbBr3's sublimation temperature (150°C), the material structure would decompose to form volatile CH3NH2 and HBr gases.
Figure 2. Mechanism of self-structural healing
It is exciting and surprising that this micron-level environment can be served as a high-vacuum growth chamber, where the perovskite components (CH3NH2 and HBr) are entirely retained when sublimated. The crystal structure would be re-grown under stress and the gravitational effect of hydrogen bonds, which results in the elimination of DLTS when it cools down to room temperature. Through optical measurement, it was found that during the re-growth process, the DLTS density decreases nearly an order of magnitude, which results in 4.5 times enhancement of light emission. In addition, under long-time irradiation (10h), the modified structure was also showing an enhanced emission by 14 times. Therefore, the modified MAPbBr3 has shown self-structural healing even under high temperature and long-time laser illumination. The modified structure showed high thermal stability and can maintain excellent optical and lasing stability for up to two years. This discovery provides a new idea and perspective for improving the stability of perovskite and will be of practical interest for perovskite device application.
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of DLTS and lasing stability
The first author of the article is Dr. Ruxue Li, a postdoctoral fellow in the research group (now Associate Professor in the School of Electrical and Information Engineering at Guangxi University of Science and Technology). Dr. Bobo Li from the College of New Materials and New Energy at Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU) and Dr. Xuan Fang from Changchun University of Science and Technology (CUST) are the co-first authors.
Graduate students Yueqing Shi and Xiu Liu also participated in this work. Professor Zhipeng Wei from the State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers at CUST is the co-corresponding author. He has been engaged in research in the field of semiconductor lasers and detection for many years. He has vast knowledge and experience in material growth, such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and ALD.
Recently, Professors Zhipeng Wei and Rui Chen have joint publications on the performance improvement and stability of perovskite-based lasers.
Advanced Materials research paper:
Inside front cover:
Other publications on the stability of perovskite-based lasers:


text:
Gelling is a wide ranging and very important technique in traditional and modern cooking. It encapsulates everything from the old to the new, from custards to edible gel sheets to spherification. There are many different ingredients that cause gelling including eggs, starches like flour, and hydrocolloids like agar and carrageenan.
Gelling is a very interesting process. There are a few different ways gelling happens but most of them result in some kind of solid structure that traps liquid in it. The structure is often made of proteins and gives form and body to the gel.
To achieve this structure we have to add gelling agents to the liquid we want to gel. There are many traditional gelling ingredients most cooks are familiar with. Gelatin is often used in desserts as well as naturally providing body in stocks. Cooked eggs become gels. Even the proteins in flour form a network for doughs.
Now, there are a variety of new gelling agents, many of which are called hydrocolloids, that give us a lot more control over the types of gels we create.
Even though there are many different kinds of gels, most often a similar process is used to create them. Go to the Ingredient page for instructions on a specific ingredient.
Typically, the first step is to disperse the gelling agent in the liquid you want to gel. Dispersion is simply the act of evenly distributing the ingredient throughout the liquid. This will ensure a gel of even strength.
A good example of dispersion gone wrong is when you try to add flour to a hot liquid. Instead of a smooth gravy you end up with lumps where the flour gelled together. Proper dispersion of the flour, usually using a water slurry or fat-based roux, eliminates the formation of lumps.
Depending on the ingredient you may have to use a hot, cold, acidic, or other liquid for proper dispersion. For some ingredients a whisk or spoon will work fine, others will need the stronger shearing forces of an immersion or standing blender.
One exception to the rule of dispersing first is gelatin. It is hydrated, or "bloomed" first, before being dispersed.
Once the gelling agent has been fully dispersed it needs to hydrate. Hydration is basically the process of absorbing water, or another liquid, and swelling. This absorption of liquid, in conjunction with other processes, causes the thickening of the mixture, creating a molecular mesh that traps water. This is a simplification of the molecular processes; if you are interested in the science behind them, a lot of good information can be found on the internet.
Depending on the gelling agent and the liquid being used, hydration will occur at different temperatures and over different time frames. Many ingredients will need to be heated for hydration to occur, like flour and agar.
The final stage is when the liquid actually gels. Many gelling agents will gel at a specific temperature; others may gel at any temperature. This process can take anywhere from a few minutes to many hours.
Sometimes you do not want to bring the liquid you are gelling to a boil. In order to hydrate a gelling agent that must be heated you have two options.
You can disperse and hydrate the gelling agent in a small amount of the liquid and blend the rest of the liquid into it after hydration. You can also disperse and hydrate the gelling agent in water and blend the liquid into that. Either way, the temperature will drop quickly and some gelling agents, such as agar, will begin to set faster than usual.
Warming up the liquid as much as you can is advised for better dispersion once the gelling agent has hydrated.
Due to the way many of these ingredients create their molecular webs the chemicals in your water can affect the gelling power of your dishes. If you have water that has a high mineral content, or are consistently having trouble with your gels it might be worth experimenting with filtered, spring, or distilled water. It won't always fix the problem but it will at least eliminate one variable from the equation.
Different gelling agents create gels that can withstand a wide variety of temperatures. Be sure to pick a gelling ingredient that meets the needs of the dish you are preparing. For instance, gelatin melts just above room temperature so it cannot be used with hot preparations while agar gels can be heated up to around 80°C (176°F) before it melts.
There are many different gelling ingredients. Below is a short description of several of the gelling agents we cover in depth.
Agar creates brittle gels and it must be brought to a boil to hydrate. It sets at room temperature and can be heated to 80°C (176°F) before melting. You can also add locust bean gum to agar gels to make them more elastic.
Agar is typically used in a ratio of 0.2% to 3.0%. For soft gels a 0.2% to 0.5% range is ideal and the gel becomes harder as more agar is added. Locust bean gum can be added to make the gel more elastic, usually by replacing 10% of the agar with locust bean gum. For more information you can view my Guide to Agar.
Iota carrageenan creates elastic gels and is especially effective with dairy products. It is often used in custards or puddings. It must be heated to hydrate then cooled to set the gel. Once gelled it can be reheated several degrees above the gelling temperature before melting.
Iota Carrageenan is normally mixed in a ratio range of 0.02-0.04% to just thicken a dairy based product or a 0.4-1.5% ratio to prepare a dairy gel. Non-dairy gels often require a little more iota in the range of 0.75-1.5%. Since foams are more delicate, a 0.2-1.0% ratio of iota carrageenan is needed to make foams from fluid gels. For dairy fluid gels when blended it takes a ratio range of 0.1-1.0% iota carrageenan.
For an end result with a specific elasticity, mix the iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan together; the total amount of the carrageenans used for gels is a 0.3-1.5% ratio. For a medium elasticity use 1 part iota to 1 part kappa ratio; for an elastic gel a 2 iota to 1 kappa ratio; and for a brittle gel a 1 iota to 2 kappa For more information check out my Guide to Iota Carrageenan.
Kappa carrageenan can be used to create firm, brittle gels and is especially effective at gelling dairy-based liquids. To gel, the liquid must contain either calcium or potassium that is free to bind with the kappa carrageenan.
For dairy gels kappa carrageenan is normally mixed in a ratio of 0.3-1.5% range. For dairy fluid gels when blended it often takes a little less, a ratio range of 0.3-1.0% is appropriate.
For an end result with a specific elasticity, mix the iota carrageenan and kappa carrageenan together; the total amount of carrageenan used for gels is a 0.3-1.5% ratio. For a medium elasticity use 1 part iota to 1 part kappa ratio; for an elastic gel a 2 iota to 1 kappa ratio; and for a brittle gel a 1 iota to 2 kappa
It must be heated to hydrate then cooled to set the gel. Once gelled it can be reheated several degrees above the gelling temperature before melting. Discover more information by visiting my Guide to Kappa Carrageenan.
Gelatin forms elastic gels that can't be raised much above room temperature. Gelatin has to be dispersed in hot liquid and sets at room temperature or below.
The powdered gelatin referred to in this section has a bloom strength of 225. For this gelatin the ratios often range from 0.5% to 1.0% for soft, tender gels. For very hard, firm gels it can be used in ratios of upwards of 6% but the typical range for medium firm gels is 1% to 3%. For light foams you commonly see a 0.4% to 1.0% ratio powdered gelatin, where a denser foam typically needs a 1.0% to 1.7% ratio. When making marshmallows a ratio of 10% of the liquid is called for.
If you are using sheet gelatin you will use 0.3-0.5 sheets per 100 grams of liquid for soft gels and 0.5 to 1.66 sheets per 100 grams of liquid for firmer gels. For very firm gels more than 3.3 sheets per 100 grams of liquid is sometimes used. For a light foam use 0.2 to 0.5 sheets per 100 grams of liquid, a dense foams requires 0.5 to 0.9 sheets per 100 grams of liquid. When making marshmallows a ratio of 5.5 sheets per 100 grams of liquid is common. For more information you can view my Guide to Gelatin.
Methylcellulose has the uncommon ability to gel as it heats, and melt as it cools. There are many different types of methylcellulose available for a variety of uses.
For making foams, a ratio mixture of 1.0-2


text:
Just listened to this interview with Leanne Simpson and Glen Coulthard about Dechinta, an indigenous land-based education course in Dene territory. The Decolonization journal has a whole issue out this month on land-based education, available here.
Here is an excerpt from the interview, where Coulthard points to the limits of Western education and analysis, and the transformative power of indigenous land-based learning: "We're trying to make these reconnections with students and our traditional territories in order to formulate a critical analysis of our colonial present and its effects in Denendeh and in the North. And it's through those practices that we come to understand what's wrong with the forms of colonial economic and political development in the North, insofar as they obliterate those relationships of reciprocity that dictate our understanding of land.
You can get only so far teaching in a primarily cognitive sort of way through 'traditional' sources and literatures that you use in university. I found as an instructor – who also learns so much every time I go – that I didn't really get, for example, the critique offered by the Dene of capitalism in the seventies, until I started that experiential kind of relationship with the land through these land-based practices. I had learned as much as I could in the archive, talking to people, and reading about that history, but it was only when I started to commit myself to re-learning those practices and re-embedding myself in those social relationships with place, that I understood in a more concrete and embodied way, what was wrong with the forms of economic development that have come to be dominant in the North and elsewhere."
Foucault's History of Sexuality explained in a comic strip, featuring hipsters, the Victorian bourgeoisie, and Foucault.
A comic I made for a second year gender studies course I tutored for in 2012, to help students understand some of the themes from Foucault's The History of Sexuality Vol.1:
Stay tuned for Judith Butler explained with cats!
This book is a primitivist critique of education and domestication which, AbdelRahim argues, is at the heart of civilization. Whereas empathy is at the heart of wilderness (and the capacity to live well in it), civilization is characterized by alienation, hatred, destruction and violence. All of these values, she argues, are instilled by education, which works through routine and coercion, destroying kids' capacities for curiosity and instilling obedience and apathy. At the center of the whole problem, AbdelRahim argues, is domestication: the ways in which other living beings are violently diverted from their own purposes, and made to serve the purposes of human masters. Animals, plants, and other humans are all domesticated, and often internalize their own domestication: they become civilized themselves, and all of this becomes naturalized. AbdelRahim shows how these values of civilization are internalized: not just mentally, but folded into bodies through discipline, routine, and the naturalization of domestic life. She draws on Bourdieu and his conception of habitus to emphasize the ways in which education—and other institutions of civilization—reproduce themselves, and continue to work regardless of the intentions of those participating in them.
AbdelRahim weaves in her experiences of parenting and learning from her daughter, Ljuba, which helps reveal the powerful creative and free-thinking capacities of children, and the reactionary and domineering tendencies of education and civilized parenting. It helps to show how folks can live and relate to one another differently—in this case, in terms of parenting and unschooling—as a way to create alternatives within and against civilization. I wish the author had discussed her own experience more, and talked about her own strategies and practices around parenting, given her radical critique of civilized child-rearing. The use of narrative personalizes the text, so that the author appears as a parent figuring out how to raise a kid in a radical, compassionate way, rather than just an author that writes about it. Knowing that someone is trying to live the thing they're talking about always makes me a more compassionate reader, too.
She also introduces the concept of dominanta: the force that drives humans to learn and grow. People thrive when the dominanta is allowed to flourish through curiosity, investigation, and creative experimentation. It requires willful effort, and so it's quashed by the coercive and regimented patterns of schooling: children are lumped together into regimented instruction sessions and their own curiosity and capacity for self-directed learning is stifled. "Rearing and caring for the dominanta, says Arshavsky, is the ultimate expression of love" (98). It creates conscientious and compassionate people, whereas education creates obedient, violent, and oppressive people.
AbdelRahim raises a number of really important and interesting questions about civilization. The complexity of the problems is often obscured by her polemical approach (see below) but she also opens them up in interesting ways. I think some of her definitions and solutions to these problems are inadequate, but the inadequacy is thought-provoking in itself:
What is domestication? AbdelRahim argues that "distinctions between husbandry and domestication are of little relevance here," lumping them together as practices that "stem from interference in the reproductive strategies of others for the purpose of consumption or the benefit of the one who interferes" (2). Civilization is then the "sum outcome of the products of domestication" (3). The domesticated victim's resistance is rendered illegitimate in this process, and "it needs schedules, curbs imagination and eliminates playfulness and improvisation" (3). I had a conversation with a friend about this book before I read it, and we ended up discussing this definition. I asked whether the Lekwungen peoples whose land we're on would be considered "domesticated," because (among other practices of cultivation) they use controlled burns to cultivate camas bulbs. They clearly interfered with the reproductive cycles of numerous plants, in order to decrease competition and allow the camas bulbs to grow larger than they would without human intervention. Indigenous peoples across Turtle Island cultivate plants (and did before colonization), the most famous example being the "three sisters" guild of squash, corn and beans. Undoubtedly these crops were "domesticated" in the sense that they were progressively selected for taste, yield, disease resistance, hardiness, and other traits–this would seem to be a form of domestication for AbdelRahim. At the same time, these practices are much less regimented than European agriculture, and they exist in a symbiotic relationship with ecosystems. They don't seem to be 'wild' but they also don't have the destructive effects that AbdelRahim ascribes to 'domestication.' I think there's a wide array of practices in this in-between space, and it's not clear how to think about them. At other times she locates the problem in the conception of "resources;" as soon as this category comes into existence, humans "invented the concept of the right to consume the labour, life and/or flesh of that resource" (12). Is there are a hard-and-fast distinction between recognizing something that sustains me—like the beans in my garden—and conceiving it as a resource? For sure, there are distinctions here: of course monoculture really is different from biodiverse wild food sources; however, for most people, the lived realities of these food sources will be totally impure: a tangled hybrid of domestic and wild. Foragers might drive their cars to harvest wild berries, and farmers might have more intimate and compassionate relationships to non-humans than the staunchest urbanized animal liberationists. So how can the concepts of 'domestic' and 'wild' be made useful in terms of thinking about our own (impure) practices in everyday life? If the radical critique of civilization is really compelling, what concepts, values, relationships, and lifeways might help us live differently? If, as AbdelRahim seems to suggest, almost everything and everyone is under the grip of civilization, how do we begin from this impure, at-least-partly-domesticated space? AbdelRahim does have some tidbits here:
- Seeing life as a gift "impels people to honour the earth and safeguard its diversity" (13)
- "societies that see prosperity in terms of secured access to food, fresh air, water and health for all, understand safety as community with their surroundings" (18)
- "Symbiotic relationships stem from wild intelligence where each individual is part of a diverse yet interdependent group and thus knows how to attune to the real, unrepresented and unmediated experiences of others always and necessarily in a new way" (30)
- "Spaces of wilderness are places of introspection, of privacy, of trust, of relationships and of respect. Because these spaces exist for their own purpose and are in constant dialogue with the unpredictable yet viable chaos that is life, humans must learn to trust wilderness, including their own and that of their children" (78).
- "When we spend time and effort making our own things, we make only what is necessary, mostly of recycled matter, and do not need to exploit the natural and human "resources" in order to buy superfluous things" (84).
- "Our healing depends on community. It depends on diversity in that community and that extends across species, across the binding dimensions of time and space, even across the borders that delimit our notions of life" (111).
One of the most interesting examples here is her discussion of a sports complex in their house, with rings, ladders, ropes, a swinging bar and a slide. AbdelRahim


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I want to move my object with an acceleration in the proper direction. For example if I have these values:
friction = 0.3;
direction = 180;
speed = 5;
For making it clear, I need a formula to create a linear acceleration.
share|improve this question
3 Answers 3
up vote 5 down vote accepted
You can calculate the invidual components by using sin and cos:
xSpeed = sin(direction)*speed;
ySpeed = cos(direction)*speed;
xPos += xSpeed;
yPos += ySpeed;
Accleration is simply increasing the speed.
xAccel = sin(accelDirection)*accleration;
yAccel = cos(accelDirection)*accleration;
// [...]
xSpeed += xAccel;
ySpeed += yAccel;
share|improve this answer
Actually before posting this question I wrote this solution. Your answer will be completed by the Xavier Arias Botargues's answer. Thanks. – MahanGM Jul 22 '12 at 9:58
Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. If it is zero, then you will keep moving at your start velocity. If it is larger than zero, and in the same direction as the current velocity, velocity will increase.
velocity = old_velocity + acceleration;
position = old_position + velocity
If acceleration = 2, then your velocity will increase by 2 for each timestep.
share|improve this answer
This is similar to other 2 answers. Thanks. – MahanGM Jul 22 '12 at 10:01
To do any movement or physics calculations you should always use the time spent since the last frame (dt or delta); this depends on the main loop implementation, but is generaly passed to a method called update as parameter. (If this is not available assume dt = 1)
To update speed with acceleration and time and position with speed and time you can:
speed += acceleration * dt;
position += speed * dt;
Note that acceleration, speed and position are vectors, so they have the operations:
 - vector addition
 - scalar and vector multiplication
more info: _URL_
To create a vector with a given angle you can use the method described by Mr. Beast.
To simulate friction you can do something like:
speed -= speed * friction
Where friction should be a number: 0 < friction < 1
share|improve this answer
Yeah I didn't mention the time passing in my question. I'm using timeGetTime() to calculate previous frame. Thanks. – MahanGM Jul 22 '12 at 9:59
Your Answer


Obtaining double precision random number?
Discussion in 'C Programming' started by Ronny Mandal, Apr 14, 2005.
 1. Ronny Mandal
 Ronny Mandal Guest
 Is there a function that will do this task properly?
 Ronny Mandal
 Ronny Mandal, Apr 14, 2005
 1. Advertising
 2. Ronny Mandal
 osmium Guest
 "Ronny Mandal" writes:
 > Is there a function that will do this task properly?
 Not in the standard libraries. If you want numbers in the range 0..1.0
 there is a lot of guidance on the Web as to how to produce such numbers from
 the integer returned by rand().
 osmium, Apr 14, 2005
 1. Advertising
 3. Ronny Mandal
 Eric Sosman Guest
 Ronny Mandal wrote:
 > Is there a function that will do this task properly?
 ("This task" is to obtain a "double precision random number."
 For future reference, it's a good idea to put your question in
 the body of the message, even if it's the same as the Subject.)
 The C library has no function to do this. However, it provides
 the tools you need to do it yourself, in at least two ways:
 /* Method 1 (simple and sloppy) */
 _TAG_
 double r = rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0);
 This sets 'r' to a 'double' value between zero (inclusive) and
 one (exclusive, almost certainly). However, even though 'r' is a
 'double' it is probably not "double precision." rand() can produce
 at most RAND_MAX+1 different values and RAND_MAX can be as small as
 32767, so 'r' could have as little as fifteen bits of "precision."
 To get finer "grain" in the result you need to combine several rand()
 /* Method 2 (more involved, more "precise") */
 _TAG_
 _TAG_
 double r = 0.0;
 double s = 1.0;
 do {
 s /= RAND_MAX + 1.0;
 r += rand() * s;
 } while (s > DBL_EPSILON);
 Roughly speaking, this method builds 'r' as a fraction in the
 base RAND_MAX+1, with each rand() contributing a new "digit." The
 loop continues tacking on "digits" until their significance becomes
 too small to matter (DBL_EPSILON is the difference between 1.0 and
 the smallest 'double' value larger than 1.0; it is the "grain size"
 of 'double').
 HOWEVER, method 2 is not suitable for "high-precision" work
 because the guarantees on the quality of rand() itself are too weak.
 The method forms 'r' from N successive rand() values (two to four
 on many machines), and many pseudo-random generators suffer from
 accuracy problems when viewed as sources of N-tuples for N>1 (Google
 "spectral test" for more information). If you really need "double
 precision," you should probably use something other than the generic
 rand() as a source of random bits; _URL_
 is a good place to start searching.
 Eric Sosman
 Eric Sosman, Apr 14, 2005
 1. Advertising
Want to reply to this thread or ask your own question?
Similar Threads
 1. Sydex
 Victor Bazarov
 Feb 17, 2005
 2. Dan Pop
 Dan Pop
 Jun 24, 2003
 3. cyberdude
 Keith Thompson
 Jun 25, 2003
 4. globalrev
 Gabriel Genellina
 Apr 20, 2008
 5. VK
 Dr J R Stockton
 May 2, 2010
Share This Page


Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act - AMTPA
Dictionary Says
Definition of 'Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act - AMTPA'
An act from 1982 that over-rode many state laws that prevented banks from using mortgages other than conventional fixed-rate mortgages. This act allowed for the total costs of loans to become obscured, and led to the availability of various new mortgages such as adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs), interest only mortgages, and ballon payment mortgages.
Investopedia Says
Investopedia explains 'Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act - AMTPA'
Many believe that this act is the basis of the sub-prime crisis of 2007, which led to the financial crisis of 2007-2009. Many mortgage borrowers in the early 21st century obtained mortgages that they failed to understand. As borrowers began to lose their homes due to defaulting on their mortgages, house prices began to spiral downward making it even more difficult for people to refinance their homes into more affordable mortgages.
Articles Of Interest
 1. Interest-Only Mortgages: Home Free Or Homeless?
 These loans can be beneficial, but for many borrowers, they present a financial trap.
 2. ARMed And Dangerous
 3. Option ARMs: American Dream Or Mortgage Nightmare?
 4. Who Is To Blame For The Subprime Crisis?
 5. This ARM Has Teeth
 Find out how to avoid getting bitten when your mortgage rate resets.
 6. What Is A Pyramid Scheme?
 7. The Best-Performing Sectors Of 2013
 A sector represents a high-level way in which analysts and investors group similar companies together. Analyzing Standard & Poor's Depositary Receipts, or SPDRs, serves as one of the best proxies...
 8. How To Rent Your Home So You Can Pay Your Mortgage
 9. Why Americans Still Can't Escape The Recession
 National statistics indicate that the U.S. economy is finally gaining momentum. So why doesn't it feel that way for many Americans?
 10. 10 Steps To Tax Preparation
 Follow these simple steps to get you ready for the income tax deadline of April 15.
comments powered by Disqus
Hot Definitions
 1. Abnormal Spoilage
 2. "Just Say No" Defense
 3. Zaraba Method
 4. Zaraba Method
 5. Yield Elbow
 6. XDIS
Trading Center


Double Red Donations
Red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body, comprise 40-50 percent of blood volume and are the most commonly transfused blood product. They are used to treat anemia, for surgical operations and to replace blood lost due to trauma resulting from accidents or injuries.
A double red cell donation is an automated process that allows the donor to give two units of red blood cells in one visit. In this two-step process, two units of red cells are collected from the donor and other blood components like plasma are returned to the donor. A double red cell donation takes 30 to 40 minutes; the entire visit takes about an hour and 15 minutes, a bit longer than a whole blood donation.
Double Impact
As a double red cell donor you double your impact by providing twice as many red cells for patients in need. You also receive a $10 gift card as a thank you for your time and donation.
Donor requirements for double red cell donations:
 - Donors must be at least 17 years of age.
 - Donors must have an adequate blood iron level.
 - Female donors must be at least 5'5" tall and weigh 150 pounds.
 - Male donors must be at least 5'1" and weigh 130 pounds.
 - Donors must have an appointment to make a double red donation.
Type O donors are especially suited for double red cell donations because 45 percent of the population has Type O blood. Additionally, Type O Negative is in even greater demand because all patients can receive that blood type.
A donor can give double red cells every 112 days.
Schedule Your Appointment