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Apr. 1, 2010 A hitherto unknown reproductive system in a species closely related to the olive tree, Phillyrea angustifolia L., has been discovered by researchers in France.
This system explains the high concentration of male individuals co-occurring with hermaphrodites in this species. The hermaphrodites, whose blossoms bear both male and female organs, are divided into two morphologically indistinguishable groups. The plants of each group are sterile among themselves but fully compatible with those of the other group. Under these conditions, the hermaphrodites can fertilize only half of the pollen recipients, whereas the males can pollinate all the hermaphrodites. The disadvantage weighing upon the males is thus neatly counterbalanced. This discovery proves for the first time the possibility of an evolutionary transition from hermaphroditism to dioecy.
A report has been published in Science.
Researchers at the Laboratoire de Génétique et Évolution des Populations Végétales (CNRS/Université de Lille 1) and the Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CNRS/Université de Montpellier 1, 2 and 3/ENSA Montpellier/CIRAD/Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études) have discovered in Phillyrea angustifolia L., a species closely related to the olive tree, a hitherto unknown reproductive system characterized by incompatibility between hermaphrodite plants.
This new reproductive mode explains the mystery of the high frequencies (up to 50%) of male individuals co-occurring with hermaphrodite individuals in this species. The hermaphrodite individuals, whose blossoms bear both male and female organs, are divided into two morphologically indistinguishable groups. The plants of each group are self-incompatible (they cannot fertilize each other) but fully compatible with plants of the other group. In such a system, a given hermaphrodite plant can pollinate only half of the other hermaphrodites, while a male can pollinate all the hermaphrodites in the population. These conditions neatly offset the reproductive disadvantage affecting the males, which have no female function (and are also referred to as "female-sterile" for this reason) and can thus transmit their genes only by male gametes, and not by both male and female gametes like the hermaphrodites.
In addition, this self-incompatibility within two morphologically identical groups of hermaphrodites could be a key reproductive mode, the origin of plant species with separate genders that evolve through "intermediary" reproductive systems. In the overall context of the evolution of reproductive systems from hermaphroditism toward dioecy (system in which individuals are exclusively either male or female), mixed systems involving the presence in the same species of both females and hermaphrodites (gynodioecy) or both males and hermaphrodites (androdioecy) are considered intermediaries derived from hermaphroditism. However, all previous empirical examples have shown that androdioecy had evolved from dioecious systems through the females' acquisition of a male function, and not from hermaphroditic systems through the loss of the female function by certain hermaphrodites. This new study shows for the first time that a transition from hermaphroditism to androdioecy (presence of hermaphrodite and male individuals within the populations of a single species) is possible.
This discovery of a self-incompatibility system involving only two morphologically indistinguishable groups of hermaphrodite plants comes as a totally unexpected development. One of the researchers' next challenges will be to explain, from a functional point of view, how the number of self-incompatibility groups has been maintained at two.
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Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
- P. Saumitou-Laprade, P. Vernet, C. Vassiliadis, Y. Hoareau, G. Magny (de), B. Dommee, J. Lepart. A Self-Incompatibility System Explains High Male Frequencies in an Androdioecious Plant. Science, 26 March 2010 DOI: 10.1126/science._PHONE_
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"The Diamond as Big as the Ritz" may be a fun fantasy story, but it's also a major critique of American history and American values. One of the early tip-offs is Percy's explanation that his family descends from George Washington and Lord Baltimore – two men who were integral in the founding and expansion of our country.
The story of Fitz-Norman Washington, Percy's grandfather, quickly becomes a parallel for the expansion of the U.S. into the west. Fitz-Norman set out after the Civil War to seek his fortune; when he found that fortune, he exploited the country's natural resources for his own material gain and then safeguarded that secret through the manipulation and pain of others. The slaves are a key example here. Fitz-Norman took advantage of them by convincing them that the South won the civil war and that slavery was still legal. He then convinced them his giant diamond was a rhinestone mine, and kept all the profits for himself.
Fitzgerald makes the point that material success has its costs – and that those who seek it blindly falsely believe that the exploitation of others is natural for their own purposes. A great example is the passage in which we learn that Fitz-Norman "was compelled, due to a series of unfortunate complications, to murder his brother, whose unfortunate habit of drinking himself into an indiscreet stupor had several times endangered their safety. But very few other murders stained these happy years of progress and expansion," (4.11). Through this hyperbole, Fitzgerald points out how absurd it is to sacrifice human life in the name of material gain.
The giant diamond itself is a symbol in this overarching satire. To begin, it is an emblem of the garish excess of the Washingtons' wealth. Excessively large diamonds are considered vulgar; so a diamond as big as the Ritz is the epitome of tacky glut. It's also significant that Washington built his château on top of the diamond – he's built his home, literally, on the mountain of his wealth.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Selective and stable benzene alkylation with methane into toluene over PtH-MFI bifunctional catalyst
Lukyanov, D. B. and Vazhnova, T., 2009. Selective and stable benzene alkylation with methane into toluene over PtH-MFI bifunctional catalyst. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 305 (1-2), pp. 95-99.
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This paper demonstrates for the first time that methane reacts with benzene over bifunctional PtH-MFI catalyst with selective and stable formation of toluene at such low temperature as 370 C. Our results show that the catalyst activity increases during the initial period of the reaction (4 h) and that this increase is likely associated with the modification of the Pt particles with the surface carbonaceous species (e.g. CH3, CH2, CH, C, and C2Hx). The highest catalyst activity is observed at time on stream (TOS) of 4 h, when toluene selectivity is around 96 mol% and conversions of benzene (4.5%) and methane (0.53%) are close to the equilibrium conversions (5.6% and 0.62% for benzene and methane, respectively). At higher TOS, the catalyst activity declines slowly and at TOS of 23 h conversions of benzene and methane are around 3.8% and 0.45%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the reaction of benzene alkylation with methane into toluene, reported in this paper, is the first example of the catalytic reaction involving methane that proceeds continuously during many hours under non-oxidizing conditions.
|Creators||Lukyanov, D. B.and Vazhnova, T.|
|Uncontrolled Keywords||methane activation, bifunctional catalysis, acid sites, pt sites, methane transformation|
|Departments||Faculty of Engineering & Design > Chemical Engineering|
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source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Elections FAQ 13
What is "direct legislation" and what are its limits?
Direct legislation is a process that authorizes citizens in cities and villages to draft and submit a proposed ordinance or resolution to the governing body of the community for adoption or submission to the general electorate for adoption or rejection. Importantly, direct legislation authority "is a creature of statute and its use must comport with the requirements established by the legislature." Heitman v. City of Mauston Common Council, 226 Wis. 2d 542, 547, 595 N.W.2d 450 (Ct. App. 1999) (citing Landt v. City of Wisconsin Dells, 30 Wis. 2d 470, 478-79, 141 N.W.2d 245 (1966)).
A petition for direct legislation must be signed by "[a] number of electors equal to at least 15 percent of the votes cast for governor at the last general election in their city or village." Wis. Stat. sec. 9.20(1). Upon certification as to sufficiency and form by the city or village clerk, "[t]he common council or village board shall, without alteration, either pass the ordinance or resolution within 30 days following the date of the clerk's final certificate, or submit it to the electors at the next spring or general election." Wis. Stat. sec. 9.20(4). If adopted by the council or board or by the voters in the election, the ordinance cannot be vetoed, nor can it be repealed or amended for a period of two years, except by a vote of the electors. Wis. Stat. sec. 9.20(8).


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Recent work includes:
- Acting in disputes between healthcare and social services authorities, and in challenges to NHS decisions to refuse continuing healthcare funding.
- Acting for and advising the MOJ in a range of challenges concerning the provision of prison healthcare, including external mental healthcare provision to prisoners.
- Advising on challenges to commissioning decisions under the NHS (Procurement, Patient Choice and Competition) Regulations 2013.
- Advising on allegations of abuse of dominance against an NHS primary provider.
- Advising on the preparation of tenders for medical supply contracts, and the lawfulness of price rebates in the NHS.
- Advising in relation to a potential public law dispute arising from the NHS (General Medical Services Contracts) (Wales) Regulations 2004.
We also act in social care and mental health cases, including:
- Adult social care, care home funding, support under the Care Act 2014.
- Children's services, including support under Part III of the Children Act 1989, leaving care services, support for families with no recourse to public funds and age assessment judicial reviews.
- Mental health and aftercare under s.117 of the MHA 1983.


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[See all LionNet articles
Wireless computer networks use radio signals to carry information from laptops, phones, and other wireless devices to "access points" where the signals enter a wired network. Radio signals are radiated in all directions. This allows laptops to move around and still connected or remaind connected to the access points, but it also signals from one laptop to be received by other wireless devices. Information carried by the wireless signals can be captured by others.
The answer to bad actors capturing our information is to encrypt that information while it travels over the wireless signals. Encyption encodes information with a special key and makes it very very difficult to decode. Although it is not impossible, the computing effort and time it would take to decde encrypted information makes it not worth the effort. The LionNet uses "Wi-fi Protected Access " (WPA), a very strong encryption algorithm for traffic.
One final element of security in LionNet is the requirement that users of the network be known to the university. Students, faculty, and staff use their Active Directory userIDs and passwords to log in to the student and employee networks within LionNet. These are the same userIDs and passwords used to log in to the network or to check email. Visitors have a special method of identifying themsleves and accessing the visitor's network within LionNet.
The existing insecure LU_Wireless network will be phased out. Until then please understand that it is not a secure network.


Symbols on ax pieces in China may be world's oldest writing
 | July 11, 2013 at 3:50 PM
SHANGHAI, July 11 (UPI) -- Fragments of two ancient stone axes found in China bear what could be some of the world's earliest primitive writing, archaeologists say.
Discovered as part of a large find of artifacts unearthed south of Shanghai, the ax fragments have been dated at around 5,000 years old, the BBC reported Thursday.
Currently, evidence of the world's oldest writing is thought to be from Mesopotamia from 3,300 B.C.
There has been disagreement among Chinese experts whether the markings on the axes are actual writing or a less sophisticated grouping of symbols.
"The main thing is that there are six symbols arranged together and three of them are the same," lead archaeologist Xu Xinmin said. "This clearly is a sentence expressing some kind of meaning."
Cao Jinyan, a Chinese scholar who is an expert on ancient writing, agreed.
"Although we cannot yet accurately read the meaning of the 'words' carved on the stone axes, we can be certain that they belong to the category of words, even if they are somewhat primitive," he said.


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Digital paper that talks to you04.06.2007 - (idw) Schwedischer Forschungsrat - The Swedish Research Council
The large boards and store displays already exist as prototypes. They talk to you directly, using digital information embedded in the paper. You simply touch various parts of the display to get information to stream out of printed speakers. And this coming technology can be used in many areas, from advertising to tourist information at attractions.
Research teams at the Mid Sweden University forestry industry research program Fiber Science and Communication Network (FSCN) are working on the fourth generation of paper products that can communicate with computers. This integrates paper with the digital world.
"We combine paper with printed graphic codes and electronically conductive ink that is engineered to be sensitive to pressure. Then digital information is embedded in the paper, and when it is touched, the information comes out via printed speakers," says Mikael Gulliksson, project leader for media technology in the comprehensive research project.
A large display board is already in use to show how the marketing of new travel destination, for instance, can be carried out by having the recipient enter the advertising world. When the person touches a picture or text, he or she hears the audiovisual advertising message. Instead of a flat advertising surface, this advertising invites people to enter into and interact with the message. Applications could be for advertising campaigns, marketing, and events. Other possible areas are product displays in stores.
The same technology has been used in a prototype for a'music display board.' On this slightly bowed board, a number of music albums are printed directly on paper. Just as with a regular sound system, you can sample music by touching the front of the album. The sound is then streamed right out of the paper. The board can easily be replaced as soon as there are new recordings to be marketed. This new display technology is inexpensive, combining images, sound, and space in a new an environmentally friendly way. After use, the displays can be tossed into the recycle bin. View a video of a large display board at _URL_
The three research teams in the project include scientists from materials physics, media and communication science, and electronics. Paper Four is a research project that collaborates with the paper industry in the mid-Sweden region. The aim is to develop an entirely new paper-based product platform for marketing products and services.
Questions can be directed to:
Mikael Gulliksson, cell phone: +46 (0)70-_PHONE_; _EMAIL_.
Kristina Brink, mobiltelefon +46(0)70-_PHONE_; _EMAIL_
Presscontact: Lars Aronsson; _EMAIL_; +46-70 _PHONE_
_URL_ Watch the Paper Four video directly, Flash player version 8 needed
HTML-Code zum Verweis auf diese Seite:
Digital paper that talks to you


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Calculus Tutoring in NYC, Brooklyn, and Staten Island
I think that calculus is much simpler than most of the math that students have seen before. I will show you why in a tutoring lesson. It's interesting how calculus uses rather simple concepts to solve problems that would be nearly impossible using more classical techniques.
Newton invented calculus (during a pandemic) to solve physics problems better. It can be applied to many complex systems.
Calculus starts the ideas of slopes and proportions in Algebra 1 and pre-algebra. Then it takes them one step further. You can use calculus to turn a complex curve into a system of lines so that you can apply Algebra 1 and 7th grade material to them. The slope of a line is the same idea as the derivative in calculus. They are both the "average rate of change." Instead of a line have a constant slope (and thus a constant rate of change), a curve has a rate of change at each point. The slope we calculate in Algebra 1 is the average of all of these "derivatives." In addition to physics, calculus is also useful in calculating rates of reaction and my other phenomena in chemistry and everything around us
Book a Calculus Tutor in home or online
I tutor Calculus in NYC, Brooklyn, Staten Island, Queens, or online. I will use it to help you solve the Calculus Advanced Placement test or your difficult high school or college course. If you would like me to include the interdisciplinary nature of the course, contact me and let me know that you are interested in my multi-year long term math/science plan. If I am your tutor until calculus, you will not need much help as your foundation will be strong and you will understand how all of the major ideas.


As a rule, hackers try to lead a secretive lifestyle and maintain anonymity. Many succeed, but some of them are gaining popularity against their own will. This happened, for example, with Kevin Mitnick or Robert Morris. But there are other computer geniuses, about whose fate much less is known than about their exploits. One of these guys who left a noticeable mark in the history of world hacking was called Jonathan James. This is a man with a vivid but tragic life history that ended with an early and mysterious death.
Skull 29 march 2021, 13:35


Dancing terms and dance definitions
In ballet, a leap in which the lower leg beats against the upper one at an angle, before the dancer lands again on the lower leg.
A Spanish dance in 3/4 or 3/8 time with castanets.
An African-American dance in which couples strut and compete with high kicks and fast steps.
cake walk
The Cake Walk is said to have originated in Florida about 1880. The style of walking was practiced by the blacks as an art. The dignity of the promenade was rewarded by a prize, usually a cake. The winner cut the cake and shared it with the others.
In ballet, a bend from the waist to the side or to the back.
can can
Originating around 1830 as a social dance, by 1844 it had become a raucous dance performed in French music halls. Women kicked their black silk stockinged legs high into the air - a most daring feat for the time. The Can Can may have been an off-shoot of the Polka or even the Quadrille, or both.
is the essence of tango beginnings, which dates back to 1900. The word canyengue is of Afrikan origin, which means to "walk with cadence". Canyengue is a playful and sensual dance of an incomparable experience. The Canyengue steps are short and accentuated following the strong beats of the music. Canyengue has a musical signature of 4 x 8 and throughout the years its music was modified to the present tango's musical signature of 4 x 2.
Carolina Shag
Castle Walk
The Castle Walk was first demonstrated at the Cafe de Paris in France by Irene & Vernon Castle in 1913 and introduced to New York society by then in 1914. The dance was characterized by a series of walking steps on the toes, executed with an elegant type of swagger - frequently punctuated with a light hop in attitude at an appropriate point in the musical phase.
is a gathering for music and dance.
Ceili Dances
Ceili dances were derived from group set dances and French quadrilles, but were set to Irish music. They appear to have evolved with the help of the Irish dance masters.
Cha Cha
From the less inhibited night clubs and dance halls the Mambo underwent subtle changes. It was triple mambo and this then became a dance in itself.
character dancing
Dancing derived from folk or national dances.
chat, pas de
Catlike leap in which one foot follows the other into the air, knees bent; the landing is in the fifth position.
A jump in which the legs open in second position in the air, resembling a scissors.
Cocktail Samba
Combination of Ballroom Samba and Brazilian Samba, allows normal partner hold, as well as solo and side by side choreography.
In ballet, the third and final part of the classical pas de deux.
Afro-Cuban dance play.
Conga Line
generally the person behind the next places their hands upon the front persons hips and this continues on down the line. The dance does not necessarily stay on the dance dance floor, it can and does zig-zag through out the room. The basic steps are (Left) 1-2-3-Kick (or Bump) then repeat, opposite.
Continental Tango
Continuity Movement
The continuous passing of the feet from one step to the next.
A basic movement in the technique of Martha Graham, based on breath inhalation and exhalation.
Popular social dance during the eighteenth century; done in rows or circles, it may have derived from English country dancing.
contre danse
A dancer who has moved out of the corps de ballet to dance minor solo roles.
corps de ballet
The members of a ballet company who do not perform solo.
a run
Cotton-Eyed Joe
country dance
Traditional English dance in which dancers form two facing lines.
country dance
country western two step
The Two Step originated in the 1800's by people who arrived here from Europe. It was an offspring of the minuet. Two step is a Western dance whose popularity has spread all over the United States.
In ballet, a position with the body at an oblique angle and the working leg crossing the line of the body.
(cruze) to cross (the cross)
Cuban motion
a discreet but expressive hip movement achieved by bending and straightening the knees with carefully timed weight transfer.
cuddle position
(also known as Varsouvienne or Skating Position) - Woman is at man's left or right side, both facing in the same direction; one arm of man is across woman's back, and position of other arm depends on method of arriving in cuddle position.
Csárdás or czardas
is a traditional Hungarian folk dance. (Hungarian csárdás, from csárda, a tavern or inn). The dances became known as "Csárdás," or "dances of the pub."
See Also
Dance Terms A
Dance Terms B
Dance Terms D
Dance Terms E
Dance Terms F to M
Dance Terms O to R
Dance Terms S to Z
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Published:05 Sep 2022
Special Collection: 2022 ebook collection
David Allen, Lee Higham, John Tebby, 2022. "Preface", Organophosphorus Chemistry: Volume 51, Lee J Higham, David W Allen, John C Tebby
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This volume is number 51 of a very long series, first published in 1970 under the editorship of Professor Stuart Trippett and which subsequently has involved a wide a range of significant contributors to the literature of organophosphorus chemistry. This volume provides a selected review of papers in this area, published in the period from January 2020 to January 2021, and continues our efforts to provide an up-to-date survey of progress in this topic, which still generates a vast amount of research. We have again been fortunate in securing contributions from a team of international authors from the UK, Germany, Russia, Poland, Portugal, Italy, Hungary and India and it is noteworthy that the efforts of all our contributors have been achieved against a background of the Covid virus problems. We also note that Professor John Tebby has now decided to step down from his editorial role in this series and we thank him for his many years of service, both as an author and latterly as a co-editor.
Chapter 1 covers the literature published during 2020 relating to the synthesis and reactivity of tertiary phosphines, continuing a series in recent years from the group of Professor Andrey Karasik in Kazan. Although it has been necessary to continue to be selective in the choice of publications cited, it is hoped that the most significant developments have been noted. A significant number of review articles has been published in 2020 and some of these reviews are cited in the various sections of this report. The use of a wide range of tervalent phosphorus ligands in transition metal catalysis and in organocatalysis continues to be a major driver in the chemistry of traditional P–C-bonded phosphines which inspires the design of new phosphines of various structures and the tuning of their properties.
In Chapter 2 Mariette Pereira and colleagues have covered the most relevant literature published during the year 2020, related to tervalent phosphorus acid derivatives. Some of the most relevant concepts are reported, regarding synthetic methodologies to halogenophosphorus compounds, phosphorus esters (phosphinite, phosphonite and phosphites), phosphorus amides (aminophosphines, phosphoramidites and diamidophosphites) and mixed phosphorus compounds bearing two different tervalent phosphorus moieties. A critical selection of their applications is briefly assessed, with an emphasis on the catalytic applications of ligands and metal complexes.
In Chapter 3, György Keglevich gives an account of new developments in the synthesis and reactivity of phosphine chalcogenides, mainly oxides and sulfides, published during 2020. A series of new synthetic methods for phosphine oxides are discussed, followed by preparations utilizing simple P-reagents such as P(iii)- and P(v)-chlorides, and >P(O)H species. Their additions to unsaturated substrates and P–C coupling reactions, involving interesting variations, represent a hot topic. The modification of P-chalcogenides including deoxygenations are also shown. Optically active phosphine oxides and their complexes also form a usual part of this chapter.
In Chapter 4, Maurizio Selva and his group have reviewed the preparation, characterisation, reactivity and applications of phosphonium salts and ylides during 2020. The large number of cited references highlights the importance of P-based derivatives in synthetic and non-synthetic applications. Topics are organized to offer an introductory survey on the methods of preparation and characterisation of both groups of compounds, followed by an analysis of applicative and curiosity driven research. Again, the significant growth in the number of references highlighting the importance of phosphonium-based derivatives in syntheticand non-synthetic applications, in particular their use as non-aqueous ionic liquid solvents (PILS), is noteworthy.
In Chapter 5, Balczewski, Owsianik and Turek cover advances in 2020 on phosphoric, phosphonic and phosphinic acid chemistry, showcasing their respective syntheses, reactions and applications (both medicinal and non-biological). Recent developments on natural products containing the phosphate group, such as the psychoactive psilocybin, or where phosphate chemistry has been used in the synthetic pathway but is not present in the final compound, for example islatravir, are also described, as is the trend to modify natural products by the inclusion of a phosphate group, exemplified here by examples of modified coumarins and warfarins. For phosphonates, investigations into the synthesis and cytotoxicity of α-aminophosphonates continues apace, whilst bisphosphonates and their acid derivatives have found applications as surface coatings for nanoparticles and as additional functionality in macrocyclic chelating agents. The use of phosphoric and phosphinic acids as flame retardants also receives due acknowledgement here. Each subsection concludes with developments in the corresponding nitrogen, sulfur and selenium analogues, together with a review of catalytic applications of these compounds, including their use in supported and asymmetric catalysis.
In Chapter 6, Gerd-V. Roeschenthaler and Romana Pajkert have again shown that the chemistry of pentaand hexa-coordinated phosphorus compounds continues to expand in its breadth and application.
Regarding this, the synthesis, properties and structural investigations of novel cage-phosphoranes, spiro-phosphoranes, fluorophosphoranes and spiro-oxaphosphetanes have been briefly discussed. Pentacoordinated phosphoranes have also been postulated as intermediates in the synthesis of dibenzophospholes, the carbofluorination of alkynes, Wittig-type reactions and also organocatalytic Mitsunobu reactions. Moreover, studies of novel hexacoordinated fluorinated phosphorus(v) compounds have been also evaluated.
Chapter 7 features a review by Vadapalli Chandrasekhar on developments in the synthesis and reactivity of phosphazenes, which once again is structured to cover three sub-topics published in the calendar year, 2020: the acyclic phosphazenes (iminophosphoranes), cyclophosphazenes and polyphosphazenes. Particular highlights of the chapter include the design of acyclic phosphazenes for the complexation of actinides, their use as super bases and in copolymerisation reactions, the material (notably flame retardancy) properties of cyclophosphazenes, a discussion of the related carbophosphazenes and their Group 11 and 12 coordination chemistry, and the final section which includes important discoveries in the applications of polyphosphazenes in drug delivery, catalysis (including the transformation of carbon dioxide into formate) and as cathode materials for batteries.
Finally, in Chapter 8, Goutam Brahmachari has provided an update on recent key developments during 2020 in the areas of green and sustainable chemistry and engineering, reviewing progress in green and energy-efficient synthetic approaches in organophosphorus chemistry. This area has now attained considerable growth, having become increasingly of interest among researchers working in all branches of chemical science, leading to developments in new green protocols for the synthesis of new and known organophosphorus compounds.
D. W. Allen
L. J. Higham
J. C. Tebby


Quick Answer: What Is Virtual Function Bus In Autosar?
What is virtual function bus?
The concept of the Virtual Functional Bus (VFB) allows to model the communication between Software Components on System Level and to strictly separate the application software (Software Components) from infrastructure (Basic Software Modules)..
What is ComStack?
Communication Stack or COM stack facilitates communication. Hence COM stack can be defined as a software stack that provides communication services to the Basic Software Modules and Application Layer or Application Software.
What are Runnables in autosar?
What is exclusive area in autosar?
Exclusive areas. An exclusive area is the AUTOSAR equivalent of a binary. semaphore, that can be acquired and released in an atomic. fashion by competing runnable instances [3, ch.].
What is RTE software?
Stands for "Runtime Environment." As soon as a software program is executed, it is in a runtime state. When you see the name of a software program with the initials "RTE" after it, it usually means the software includes a runtime environment. …
Is autosar an operating system?
What is autosar service layer?
In AUTOSAR, the ECU software is abstracted and subdivided into basic software, runtime environment and application layer. … The Service Layer provides different types of background services such as network services, memory management and bus communication services for the application layer.
What is per instance memory autosar?
Per instance memory is instantiated for each instance (prototype) of an atomic software component of the RTE. A Data Type instance can be accessed only by the corresponding atomic software component instance (prototype).
How RTE works in autosar?
Runtime environment (RTE): acts as a middleware between the AUTOSAR application layer and the lower layers. Basically, the RTE layer manages the interand intra-ECU communication between application layer components as well as between the BSW and the application layer.
What is the purpose of autosar?
As defined by Wikipedia AUTOSAR or AUTOmotive Open System ARchitecture is a worldwide development partnership of automotive interested parties founded way back in 2003. Its main objective is to create and establish an open standardized software architecture for automotive ECUs.
What is difference between sender receiver and client server in autosar?
What is autosar interface?
An AUTOSAR interface is a generic interface, which is derived from the ports of any SWC. … These types of interfaces are used by SWCs for access to AUTOSAR services, which are provided by BSW modules of the Service Layer, such as the ECU State Manager or the Diagnostic Event Manager.
What is basic software in autosar?
Basic Software (AUTOSAR BSW): Basic Software is the standardized software layer, which provides services to the AUTOSAR Software Components and is necessary to run the functional part of the software. … The Basic Software contains standardized and ECU specific modules.
CAN transceiver autosar?
The CAN Transceiver Driver module is responsible for handling the CAN transceiver hardware chips on an ECU. The CAN Transceiver is a hardware device, which adapts the signal levels that are used on the CAN bus to the logical (digital) signal levels recognised by a microcontroller.
What is autosar methodology?
What is autosar Quora?
It stands for AUTomotive Open Software ARchitecture. You can visit this AUTOSAR for a better understanding of it. … There are certain objectives defined which the AUTOSAR (when followed) helps in achieving for the automobile/automotive equipment manufacturers.
What is the difference between classic and adaptive autosar?
While Classic platform specializes in the functional ECUs where software is deeply embedded (has scores of benefits), Adaptive platform is the futuristic one that can help realize autonomous driving functionality.


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Wondering if Weather Affects Your Hair Transplant?
Warmer weather brings with it outdoor barbecues, days at the swimming pool, and other fun activities. It also raises questions in patients about hair restoration in San Jose and other warm climate areas. People are often curious about how warmer weather affects healing after a hair transplant. This article looks at that topic.


Message Queue for MQTT allows an Alibaba Cloud account to authorize Resource Access Management (RAM) users to use the topic resources, which prevents risks caused by exposing the AccessKey pair of the Alibaba Cloud account. Only authorized RAM users are allowed to manage resources in the Message Queue for MQTT console and deliver and subscribe to messages through SDKs and API operations.
Note Message Queue for MQTT Cross-account authorization is not supported.
Application scenarios
Enterprise A has purchased Message Queue for MQTT services: the employees of enterprise A need to perform operations on the resources involved in these services, such as instances, topics, and Group resources. For example, some employees are responsible for creating resources, some are responsible for publishing messages, and some are responsible for subscribing to messages. Employees with different roles require different permissions.
The scenario is described as follows:
 - For security reasons, enterprise A does not want to disclose the AccessKey pair of its Alibaba Cloud account to employees. Instead, enterprise A prefers to create different RAM users for the employees and grant different permissions to these users.
 - A RAM user can only use resources under authorization. Resource usage and costs are not calculated separately for that RAM user. All expenses are billed to the Alibaba Cloud account of enterprise A.
 - Enterprise A can revoke the permissions granted to RAM users and delete RAM users at any time.
In this scenario, the Alibaba Cloud account of enterprise A can allow fine-grained separation of permissions on resources to be operated by employees.
 1. Create a RAM user by using the Alibaba Cloud account of enterprise A.
 For more information, see Create a RAM user.
 2. (Optional) Create custom policies for the RAM user as needed.
 For more information, see Create a custom policy.
 Currently, Message Queue for MQTT supports permission setting for instances, topics, and groups. For more information, see Policies.
 3. Grant permissions to the RAM user with the Alibaba Cloud account of enterprise A.
 For more information, see authorize a RAM user.
What to do next
After creating a RAM user with an Alibaba Cloud account, you can distribute the logon name and password of the RAM user or AccessKey pair information to other employees. Other employees can log on to the console or call an API operation with the RAM user through the following steps.
 - Console logon
 1. Open the RAM user logon portal in the browser.
 2. On the RAM user logon page, enter the RAM user name and click Next, enter the RAM user password, and then click Log on.
 Note The RAM user name is in the format of <$username>@<$AccountAlias> or <$username>@<$AccountAlias> <$AccountAlias> is the account alias. If no account alias is set, the value defaults to the ID of the Alibaba Cloud account (primary account).
 3. On the RAM User Center page, click products with permissions to access the console.
 - Call an API operation with the RAM user's AccessKey
 Use the AccessKey ID and AccessKey Secret of the RAM user in the code.
What is RAM?


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I am not getting Why Size of Class with a member function is 1 byte..While member function is 4 bytes in the following example.
class Test
 int m = 0;
int main()
 Test t1;
 int J = sizeof(t1);
 int K = sizeof(t1.Test11());
 return 0;
Here J becomes 1 Byte and K becomes 4 bytes. If K=4, then why size of class is not 4 bytes instead it shows 1 Byte
share|improve this question
What is the actual return type for Test::Test11? Is it a typo and you meant Test::Test()? The code you posted is not well formed in that it defines a class with a member function that has no return type. – David Rodríguez - dribeas Oct 1 '09 at 6:06
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2 Answers
up vote 12 down vote accepted
The function itself is not actually stored in the class.
Only the class's data members (and possibly its vtable pointer, if it has one) affect its size. The function itself lives in the executable code region, and all instances of the same type of class use that one definition of the function. The compiler does not actually copy out the entirety of a function body every time you create a new instance of the class.
Also, sizeof(t1.Test11()) does not mean "the size of the function Test::Test11's executable code in bytes." It means "the size of the type returned by Test::Test11".
share|improve this answer
It should also be noted that 1 is the minimum value sizeof will ever return. Otherwise, arrays would break badly. – derobert Oct 1 '09 at 4:25
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Function implementation is not contained in each instance of a class, so instance of a class could have size 0, but it is not. Bjarne Stroustrup wrote here why is the size of an empty class not zero?
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text: With the convergence of IP based multimedia and communications, multipoint multimedia conferencing is becoming an important form of communication. There are two major problems that have plagued multimedia conferencing. The first is a form of control needed over the conference to maintain order and data integrity. The second is to optimise the bandwidth requirement as network bandwidth generally increase proportionally to the number of participants within the conference. Both the above problems place a serious limitation on the number of conference participants. The control criteria proposed within this thesis was designed to overcome both the above problems. Based on creating a virtual meeting room, the control criteria was formulated using these two fundamental principles: • The need for a control mechanism to coordinate the conference. • Only one site may broadcast or make changes (collaborative document conferencing) at any one time.


text:
Series: Routledge Classics
During the First World War the pioneer anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski found himself stranded on the Trobriand Islands, off the eastern coast of New Guinea. By living among the people he studied there, speaking their language and participating in their activities, he invented what became known...
Published May 16th 2001 by Routledge
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From 2012.igem.org
Acceleration Modeling
 - State of Art
In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is a differential equation that contains unknown multivariable functions and their partial derivatives. PDEs are used to formulate problems involving functions of several variables, and are either solved by hand, or used to create a relevant computer model.
Mathematical modeling is a useful tool for understanding how a bio-system works and how to improve it. We build a mathematical model mainly based on the mechanism of the involved biochemical reaction. Here we focus on the dynamic process of membrane protein cluster in order to reveal how the system works over time.
 - Aim
PDEs can be used to describe a wide variety of phenomena such as sound, heat, electrostatics, electrodynamics, fluid flow, or elasticity. Defined by the PDE, the variable describing the phenomena can be solved according to different boundary values.
 - Achievements
Based on diffusion equation, by solving it under different boundary values, we found that the cluster system can increase production significantly.
Basic Assumptions
1. Protein clusters locate on the membrane, which means the products of our device diffuse in an area of hemisphere. We assume that the membrane has no extra effect on the behavior of molecular diffusion. So the concentration will be doubled compared to the diffusion progress in a volume of sphere.
2. The primary substrate concentration remains the same in the cell cytoplasm.
3. The products of our cluster enzyme diffuse as the diffusion equation. The diffusion equation is a partial differential equation which describes density dynamics in a material undergoing diffusion. It is also used to describe processes exhibiting diffusive-like behavior, which means the diffusion rate is proportional to the gradient of density.
4. Each our membrane device occupies an area of membrane, adjacent to the others. Because each device is the same as others, the diffusion of the products out of the area can be regarded as reflected by the imaginary barrier, which means the normal derivative at the edge of the area is 0.
5. The enzyme can be regarded as a thermal source, producing the molecular at a rate of v.
Acceleration Model
Diffusion Model
The diffusion area is regarded as a hemisphere which radius is R with an enzyme located on the center which occupies a region of r0. So we have the equaction:
12SJTU formula1.png
12SJTU formula11.png
By solving the equations we can show how the concentration floats with radius and time (Fig.1 ):
Fig.1 : Diffusion Model (left) and the comparison of concentration at different distance
Diffusion Model with Production Consumption
We place another downstream enzyme beside the current enzyme, so the production will be consumed. The consumption rate is considered to be Michaelis-Menten equation, and simplified as proportional to the product concentration.
12SJTU formula1.png
12SJTU formula12.png
Then we have three-dimensional graphics as following (Fig.2 ):
Fig.2 : Membrane Cluster Diffusion Model near/far
To compare the concentration at different distance, tracing the concentration aside the enzyme we have:
Fig.3 : Comparison of concentration at different distance in Membrane Cluster Diffusion Model
Enzymatic Reaction with Product Inhibition
12SJTU formula2.png
Solving these equations we have:
12SJTU formula21.png
Fig.4 : Production in enzymatic reaction with product inhibition
As we assumed that the area we chose is a closed region, the products cannot diffuse to the outer side of the area. However when we are using the system in the situation of industry, most of the products can diffuse through the membrane and enter the culture medium. Under this situation the equilibrium will be changed. Reaction beside the membrane barrier can enhance the process the trans-membrane transportation as the concentration of products is much higher than the cytoplasm. Consequently there will be a dramatic increase in product amount.


text:
Generational differences in work values: Leisure and extrinsic values increasing, social and intrinsic values decreasing
This study examines a US nationally representative sample of young people and measures their values at the same age at different points in time, to observe generational differences in values. It is recognized that today's workforce consists of individuals from four generations: the Silent Generation (born _PHONE_), the Baby Boomers (_PHONE_), Generation X (_PHONE_), and Generation Me (_PHONE_). Results indicate that leisure values increased steadily over the generations and work centrality declined. Generation Me place more value on work that provides extrinsic rewards.
One of the biggest challenges for organizations in the coming years will be the retirement of more than 75 million older workers and their replacement by a comparable number of young people entering the workforce. Organizational practices are changing to adapt to the work values of Generation Me; SAS has an in-house gym; leading companies have added amenities focusing on work–life balance on site like facilities for laundry and massages; eBay set aside two rooms for meditation; and KPMG now offers workers 5 weeks of paid time off during their 1st year. Other companies have tried to attract the young generation with programs that allow employees to volunteer to help others during work hours or that emphasize the social good behind their products or mission. The findings of this study of the outlining differences in work values can have practical implications for the recruitment and management of the emerging workforce.


The Expanding Gamut of Color on the Web
May 27th, 2020
CSS was introduced to the web all the way back in 1996. At the time, most computer monitors were pretty terrible. The colors of CSS — whether defined with the RGB, HSL, or hexadecimal format — catered to the monitors of the time, all within the sRGB colorspace.
Most newer devices have a wide-gamut display. A gamut is the range of colors that can be displayed. A wide-gamut display is capable of showing more colors than sRGB. They use the Display P3 colorspace. (There's also Rec.2020, an even larger colorspace, but that's pretty rare and not currently worth thinking about.) As Lea Verou of the CSS working group put it, "Our websites are washed out because screens advanced faster than CSS Color did." If we want to make full use of the range of colors that the majority of screens are capable of displaying, we need to use new CSS colors formats: lab, lch or display-p3.
Examples in the wild can be found on the website of Panic (creators of the once popular Coda text editor and the still very popular Untitled Goose Game) or the marketing site for a product called Playdate. They both make use of strikingly vibrant and intense colors that are uniquely vivid by making use of display-p3.
Screenshot taken from the Panic website showing bright pink text against a stark black background.
Panic's website features an eye-catching shade of pink.
To get some idea of the range of colors that are missing from sRGB, check out the following Pen. The inner boxes contain a color beyond the sRGB gamut. The outer boxes show that color clamped to the sRGB color gamut (meaning the nearest equivalent color that a browser is capable of showing without using display-p3, lab, or lch). (Note that support is currently limited to Safari users.)
The color picker in Safari Technology Preview helpfully shows which colors lie outside of the sRGB color gamut.
Screenshot of a color picker going from bright green to black with a light curved line signifying the point where colors go past the typical sRGB range.
Any color above or to the right of the white line lie outside of the sRGB gamut
A tale of new syntaxes
Before jumping into the syntax for lab(), lch(), and the color() function, let's take a look at the new rgb() and hsl() syntaxes (which are supported in all web browsers, minus Internet Explorer).
Type Old Syntax New Syntax
RGB rgb(0, 128, 255) rgb(0 128 255)
RGBa rgba(0, 128, 255, 0.5) rgb(0 128 255 50%)
HSL hsl(198, 28%, 50%) hsl(198 28% 50%)
HSLa hsla(198, 28%, 0.5) hsl(198deg 28% 50% / 50%)
Source: _USER_
In the older syntax, each number is comma separated: rgb(200, 100, 20);. Commas are no longer necessary, so the space separated value rgb(200 100 20); is valid. To specify transparency, we can now use rgb(200 100 20 / 50%) rather than using rgba() or hsla(). There's no real benefit to the newer syntaxes but it's worth looking at because they match the syntax for lch(), lab() and color().
Type Syntax
Lab lab(56.29% -10.93 16.58 / 50%)
color() color(sRGB 0 0.5 1 / 50%)
LCH lch(56.29% 19.86 236.62 / 50%
lab(), lch() and color() always use space separated numbers (no commas allowed) and a forward slash followed by a percentage to specify transparency. Let's take a look at how they work.
The CSS color() function and display-p3 colorspace
The color() function allows a color to be specified in a particular colorspace (rather than using the sRGB colorspace used by rgb(), hsl(), or hex). The colorspace we need to specify in order to use wide-gamut color is display-p3, which uses three numeric values, representing the red, green, and blue channels of the color: 1 0 0 is total red, 0 0 1 is total blue, and 0 1 0 is total green.
background-color: color(display-p3 1 0 0.331); /* vibrant pink color */
At the time of writing, display-p3 is the only way to access high-gamut colors, having been supported in Safari since 2017. However, lab() and lch() will be better options once they are implemented (Chrome and Safari are currently working on it). Here's a take from Lea Verou:
display-p3 is not perceptually uniform, and is difficult to create variants (lighter or darker, more or less vivid etc) by tweaking its parameters. Furthermore, it's a short-term solution. It works now, because screens that can display a wider gamut than P3 are rare. Once hardware advances again, color(display-p3...) will have the same problem as sRGB colors have today. LCH and Lab are device independent, and can represent the entire gamut of human vision so they will work regardless of how hardware advances.
A better lightness: Lab and LCH
You may have seen articles around the web arguing that HSL is easier to reason about than RGB or Hexadecimal values.
Here's Chris Coyier in 2015:
The real appeal of HSLa is that it makes more intuitive sense what changing the values will do to the color. Increasing the second value will increase the saturation of that color. Decreasing the third value will decrease the lightness of that color. That makes creating your own color variations on the fly way easier.
While HSL might be easier to understand than hexadecimal or RGB, it's far from perfect. The way it calculates lightness simply doesn't match human perception. According to HSL, hsl(240deg 100% 50%) and hsl(60deg 100% 50%) have the same lightness, 50%. Let's compare the two.
To the human eye, the blue looks darker. As Brian Kardell puts it:
Doing things like mixing colors, lightening, darkening, can be done well only if they include a sense of how our eyes really work rather than how machines like to think about storing and displaying.
Here's a visual example from Lea Verou that demonstrates the superiority of Lab/LCH over HSL. She comments:
A trick for aesthetically pleasing gradients of the same color at different lightnesses is to convert to Lab, vary the L instead, and then convert back to HSL/RGB.
"The perceived brightness of all of the hues in a spectrum with the same saturation and lightness. […] It's quite clear they're different." —Brian Kardell (Image: Rob Waychert)
Lab and LCH both use the CIELAB colorspace which is designed to align with human vision. If you give two colors the same lightness value, they appear to the human eye to have the same lightness, regardless of their hue.
background-color: lab(40% 83 -104); /* a shade of purple */
The L in lab() stands for lightness and is written as a percentage (which can go up to 400% for extra bright white, but will generally be between 0% and 100% ). A and B don't stand for anything — they're color channels. A is a numerical value between green (negative values) and red (positive values) while B is a numerical value between blue (negative values) and yellow (positive values). Lightness is pretty easy for us to understand. The red/green value and blue/yellow value, however, aren't exactly intuitive. LCH is probably a better alternative.
background-color: lch(69% 56 244); /* a shade of blue */
lch() is the most human-readable of the new color values. L again stand for lightness (and works in exactly the same way), C is for chroma, and H is for hue. Chroma is largely analogous to saturation, but it can also be thought of as the color intensity or vibrancy. Unlike the other new color formats, you can actually predict the sort of effect changing these individual values will have — its similar to HSL in this way. The best way to get your head around it is to try out this LCH color picker.
Defining fallbacks
We have two kinds of support to think about: browser support for the new CSS color values and the ability of screens to display these colors.
Falling back to the closest matching sRGB value for browsers that don't support color functions is easy and exactly like we're used to defining fallback properties:
.pink-text {
 color: rgb(255, 0, 79); /* Will be used as a fallback */
 color: color(display-p3 1 0 0.331); /* Will be used if supported */
The second line of code in the example above will be ignored if the browser doesn't understand it and the rgb() value will be used instead, thanks to the cascade. It would be laborious to type out two lines of CSS every


text:
Over the last twenty years, Alternative Food Networks (AFN) have become increasingly successful at reducing the length of the chain that connects food production and consumption in an attempt to counteract the impact of the contradictions of the industrial food system and its supermarket-dominated distribution. Their grassroots actions, aimed at overcoming pre-existing socio-economic structures, are in line with social innovations, which have the objective of promoting the social participation of consumers and producers in food systems (empowerment, socio-political activism or social integration in society). In Italy, the Solidarity Purchasing Groups (SPGs), have been the subject of numerous academic studies, but the scope of these studies has, to date, been limited to the political activism of the consumer. The ability of this experience to foster the social participation of the groups' suppliers and the effects that the exchange has on the economic life of the producers have not yet been adequately studied.
This article addresses this gap by investigating the extent to which SPGs can reduce the economic marginalisation of their suppliers and evaluates if the activities they promote could increase their social participation. Based on quantitative and qualitative data, this study shows that SPGs, in contrast to other AFNs, maintain a clear separation between consumers and producers and this could mitigate the positive impact of these initiatives on their suppliers. Our analysis of the suppliers shows that SPGs can act as a safety net against economic downturns and that the social participation of the producers involved is higher at the macro, meso and individual levels, compared to producers who do not cooperate with the SPGs.


text:
dollar company be deemed additional?
The size and profitability of a company does not necessarily affect the additionality of a project. Every company has its own set of internal requirements – return on investment, rate of payback, risk tolerance, and capital funding available for innovative new projects. Without the value of the offsets, a company's capital resources might instead be utilized on other projects.
Provided that the company can demonstrate to auditors that there are financial, technological or other barriers to carrying out the project and that these barriers are overcome or partially overcome with the value of offsets, the project may pass the additionality hurdle.
How can an offset project that began before Pacific Carbon Trust was up and running be deemed additional?
In order for a proponent to pass the additionality requirements of the BC emission offsets regulation, they must have considered and included the value of developing offsets as part of the justification for going ahead with the project. There is no requirement in the BC emission offsets regulation for the proponent to have focused their offset sales objectives on PCT, necessarily. There is an existing voluntary market both internationally and in North America.
In addition, in order for a project to be purchased by PCT, the project start date must be no earlier than Nov. 29, 2007 – the date the Greenhouse Gas Reductions Target Act (GGRTA) received Royal Assent. The passing of the Act signalled that carbon offsets would be a saleable commodity, thereby creating a market for carbon. All of the projects in Pacific Carbon Trust's portfolio are compliant with this start date.
If Pacific Carbon Trust is only providing a fraction of the cost of the project, how can it be deemed additional?
Capital projects can be exceedingly expensive. In most cases the money need to fund a project comes from multiple sources – retained earnings, Federal and Provincial grants and outside financing. Offsets need only be one source of the funds, and need to be the source that tips the project into viability.
With any offset project, if there is a financial barrier that will keep the company from proceeding with the project without the assistance from outside sources, then a clear case can be made for funding. This can include federal or provincial green incentive funding, as well as revenue from the sale of offsets to Pacific Carbon Trust.


text:
Calvert County, Maryland
From Ancestry.com Wiki
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.|
Calvert is a county in Maryland. It was formed in 1654. The first land deed in Calvert was recorded in 1882. Orphan Court records begin in 1882. For more information, contact the circuit county clerk at 175 Main St., Prince Frederick 20678. On the attached map, Calvert is located at G5. Prince Frederick 20678. Most records were destroyed when the courthouse burned in 1882, but some deeds dating back to 1840 were re-recorded. Abstracts of deeds sent to Annapolis beginning in 1784 and provincial court deeds/land office records also make up for some of the destroyed records.
For information about the state of Maryland see Maryland Family History Research.
| Counties of Maryland
Allegany • Anne Arundel • Baltimore • Calvert • Caroline • Carroll • Cecil • Charles • Dorchester • Frederick • Garrett • Harford • Howard • Kent • Montgomery • Prince George's • Queen Anne's • St. Mary's • Somerset • Talbot • Washington • Wicomico • Worcester


In a scene from "The Monuments Men," Frank Stokes, played by George Clooney, exhorts an unlikely platoon of fellow art experts whose mission is to rescue masterpieces from Nazi looters near the end of World War II.
"If you destroy an entire generation of people's culture, it's as if they never existed. That's what Hitler wants, and it's the one thing we can't allow," Stokes says.
The character of Stokes is based on George L. Stout, who after World War II was director of the Worcester Art Museum from 1947 to 1954.
Stout was one of more than 350 art experts from more than a dozen countries who were recruited into the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives section, MFAA, or better known as the Monuments Men. They went with the Allied front line as it liberated Europe. At least two Monuments Men were killed.
In the last year of the war, the operation tracked, located and — in the years that followed — returned more than 5 million artistic and cultural items stolen by Hitler and the Nazis. Their role in preserving cultural treasures was without precedent.
"I think the movie will be very popular," James A. Welu, director emeritus of the Worcester Art Museum, said about "The Monuments Men," which opens in theaters Feb. 7. "People will ask me, 'Why don't we know about this?' "
In fact, three Worcester Art Museum directors and a curator were either Monuments Men or served on the Roberts Commission, an organization that directed the establishment of MFAA.
Francis Henry Taylor, who served on the Roberts Commission, had two stints as director of the Worcester Art Museum in between being director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Charles H. Sawyer was hired as director of the Worcester Art Museum in 1940, where he worked until leaving to serve with the U.S. office of Strategic Services and then as assistant secretary-treasurer of the Roberts Commission.
Percy B. Cott, a Monuments Man credited with locating, rescuing and displaying for the public in Europe numerous paintings in Italy and Austria, had a 17-year career as a curator at WAM.
"I guess it's somewhat serendipitous," Welu said of the Monuments Men/WAM connection. "On the other hand, the outstanding collections of the Worcester Art Museum have always attracted great scholars, connoisseurs and conservators."
Welu will give a free two-part lecture on "The Monuments Men" at WAM at 6:30 p.m. Feb. 12 and 1:30 p.m. Feb. 16.
Welu joined the Worcester Art Museum in 1974 and was director from 1986 to 2011. He never met Stout (_PHONE_), but has a pretty good portrait in his mind about what he was like.
"I think from all that I read he was a modest man," Welu said. "I think he would be appreciative of the world appreciating the efforts of all these men and some women who worked so hard to save civilization. He would have been proud of the group as a whole."
Clooney directed, co-wrote and co-produced the movie, besides playing Frank Stokes/George Stout. Clooney has said the names were changed "so we could mess with them a little bit."
What would Stout have thought of being portrayed by Clooney?
"He should be so flattered, huh?" Welu joked. But photographs of Stout and Clooney in character as Stout aren't so very different.
"He was always described as a dapper man" with an Errol Flynn-style moustache, Welu said of Stout.
Despite his name, Stout was slim.
"He was neatly dressed, clothes well-pressed. He obviously was concerned about public appearance. Not in a vain way, but in a scientific way."
That fit, because Stout was "a very scientific man, very organized," Welu said. Indeed, he is considered a pioneer in bringing art conservation into the world of modern science. Originally from Winterset, Iowa (also the birthplace of John Wayne, Welu said), he was head of the conservation department at the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University before coming to WAM. He was director of the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston from 1955-70. He died in California.
"George Stout was undoubtedly attracted by WAM's early commitment to conservation," Welu said. "He loved that kind of work."
Welu thinks that Stout was a pleasant man, but not overtly social. "He was a behind-the-scenes guy."
He grew WAM's membership "in a very organized way." He acquired "some wonderful objects for us," including art from Germany, but was very careful in making sure the objects hadn't been looted, Welu said.
While at WAM, he lived in what was then a director's house on Tuckerman Street. Welu has seen some letters Stout wrote. He was married with two sons. "You get the sense he was a loving husband and father," Welu said.
One reason the story of the Monuments Men has not come into broad view until now is that a lot of the documentation wasn't made available until 50 years after World War II, Welu noted. Immediately after the war, there were many pressing major issues capturing attention. Then, there was the natural reticence of a lot of the Monument Men, including Stout.
"I think had they wanted this (current) attention, more would have been written," Welu said.
Clooney's movie is based on the 2009 nonfiction book "The Monuments Men: Allied Heroes, Nazi Thieves and the Greatest Treasure Hunt in History" by Robert M. Edsel.
Welu said an interesting aspect of the whole story is that it was the trustees of art museums who used their connections to get the attention of the highest possible authorities (President Franklin D. Roosevelt and then Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Allied Commander) to the potential devastating loss of great works of civilization. Without their approval, the recovery mission would likely never have occurred. "Sending a group of art historians over in World War II — these men are in the way of military officers," Welu said.
But they went.
Stout gave a radio broadcast during the 1950s as part of the popular "This I Believe" CBS radio series of talks.
"I have to admit that man's growth toward civilization looks slow and unsteady," Stout said. "But when I look beyond the weak spots, I can notice those men who pursue knowledge for the common benefit, or labor for sound structures rather than for gain, or fight and die — not for praise or possessions but for the freedom of others."
For more information about Welu's upcoming lectures at the Worcester Art Museum, visit _URL_.
Contact Richard Duckett at _EMAIL_


Verifying the Derby system configuration
You should confirm that your computer has the correct software installed and that the environment variables are set before you start working with Derby.
To check the Derby system configuration:
 1. Verify that the java.exe file, version 1.4.2 or, higher is in your command execution PATH by opening a command window and running the java -version command. The output from the command looks something like this:
 java version "1.4.2_04"
 Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.4.2_04-b05, mixed mode)
 The output you see might be different from what is shown here because the java -version command outputs vendor-specific information. If the command produces an error or the version listed is not 1.4 or higher, install a JDK before continuing.
 2. Verify that the DERBY_HOME environment variable is set and points to the root directory of the Derby??10.4 installation. Open a command window and run the appropriate command for your system. If you installed Derby in the /opt/Derby_10 directory on UNIX or the c:\Derby_10 directory on Windows, the command that you use and the expected output are shown in the following table:
 Operating System Command Output
 UNIX (Korn Shell) echo $DERBY_HOME /opt/Derby_10
 Windows echo %DERBY_HOME% C:\Derby_10
 If you receive an error or do not see the expected output, ensure that you have set the DERBY_HOME environment variable, as described in Setting the environment variables.
Note: You can also use the sysinfo utility to verify that the environment variables are set correctly. If the environment variables are set correctly, the sysinfo command displays information about your Java virtual machine (JVM) and the version of Derby that you have installed.


Normality Test
In time series and econometric modeling, we often encounter the normality test as part of the residuals diagnosis to validate a model's assumption(s).
NumXL provides an intuitive interface to help Excel users conduct a normality test using several methods. In this tutorial, we'll demonstrate the steps to construct a normality test of the hypothesis using NumXL functions in Excel.
 1. Select an empty cell to store the Normality test output table
 Select an empty cell in your worksheet to display the normality test results.
 Locate and click on the Normality test icon in NumXL toolbar
 3. The Normality Test dialog box appears.
 4. Select the cell range for the input data.
 Select the input data cells range in The normality test dialog/wizard
 5. Selecting the input data cell range will enable the "Options" and "Missing Values" tabs. Click the "Options" Tab.
 6. Select the Normality tests to include in the output table.
 Options tab in the Normality Test dialog in NumXL
 Note: Initially, all tests are selected as shown above.
 8. Initially, missing values are dropped from the sample data. If you wish to change this behavior/treatment, select an alternative method.
 9. Now, Click "OK" to generate the output table.
The normality test wizard generates the output table as shown below:
The output table for the Normality test in Excel using NumXL Wizards and functions
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text:
Tiger Tracker: Tales from a Conservation Biologist
Conservation biologist Firoz Ahmed.
CREDIT: Anjan Talukder
Elephants really, really hate camera flashes.
When conservation biologist Firoz Ahmed installs camera traps in Kaziranga National Park, in northeastern India's Assam state, he and his colleagues must return every day to check on the reinforced metal boxes.
Often, the cameras have been torn down and trampled. Because the traps are installed in pairs to capture each side of a passing tiger, Ahmed has photographic evidence.
"We've got kung-fu elephants. They just come and kick our camera traps," Ahmed said. "That's why we go every day, to put the camera in position again. Some camera traps are not touched, and some are every day," Ahmed told OurAmazingPlanet.
Even a heavy steel box weighing 30 pounds (12 kilograms) isn't elephant-proof, because tusks can poke inside a camera lens opening, Ahmed said. "We have to have equipment that can sustain an elephant trampling for an hour," he said. [See images of Ahmed's work.]
Ahmed is a full-time tiger tracker and staff biologist for Aaranyak, a nonprofit organization dedicated to wildlife conservation. He also studies turtles and other reptiles. One of his primary work sites is Kaziranga National Park. The area's rich biodiversity has earned it recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but northeast India is also home to 40 million people, representing 220 ethnic communities and tribes.
This Q&A was adapted from a talk and subsequent interview with Ahmed at the U.S. Geological Survey's Western Ecological Research Center in Sacramento on Jan. 22.
OurAmazingPlanet: How have camera traps improved our knowledge of tiger populations?
Firoz Ahmed: The stripes of a tiger can never lie. The pugmarks [footprints] can lie. The same individual [tiger] can have different pugmarks. In some places where there were no tigers, [people] made pugmarks out of their own plaster casts.(Personnel were expected to locate tiger tracks and obtain plaster casts or tracings of the pugmarks.) Now they cannot do that, because they have to show tigers from their own camera traps. [Iconic Cats: All 9 Subspecies of Tiger]
OAP: Do tigers try to avoid the cameras?
FA: They recognize the cameras. When we resampled an area, we had less [population] density and we believe it is because they recognized the camera traps. Initially, what we used had a very bad focusing flash, and they figured it out. We're not using those anymore.
They are very cunning, and they know their habitat very well. When we put up a camera, they come and look at it, and they remember that place. They think, "I know there is a camera here and I don't like it." When we go out and monitor our cameras, we see signs of a tiger moving around, then we see them go around the camera, behind the camera, and come out on the road again. So we shift the camera to prevent that. After a week, we shift it 50 meters [165 feet] on one side and 100 meters [325 feet] on the other side.
We have two cameras because both flanks have different patterns.
OAP: You snapped a well-known tiger photograph in Kaziranga in 2010. How did you get the shot?
FA: I was lucky to take this, actually, because in Kaziranga, you don't see a tiger. The tiger can see you, but you don't see a tiger.This tiger, we saw it from a distance, and we went close to him and took this photograph. Then he realized that there was somebody around and he sped off.
OAP: How do you navigate through the forest?
FA: We put cameras mostly on the roads and paths, because the tigers don't like to go through the grass. In the grassland, they can't go [through the grass] on their own. The holes that the elephants and the rhinos and the buffalos make, that becomes the highway, and then the other animals follow.
We also carry a laptop into the forest, and I use Google Earth quite a lot because nobody goes there. We know the GPS location to go, but as for how to go there, we use Google Earth, so we don't get lost in the forest.
OAP: What are some of the challenges of working inside Kaziranga, which is a protected preserve?
FA: There is tall grassland, and sometimes we need to walk through because we know there are nice wetlands with herbivores on the other side. We know that if we put a camera trap there, we will get tigers. We always put a camera trap in a place where there is a maximum likelihood of getting a tiger. So, this place has rhinos, more than 2,000 of them, and we always pray in the morning, "I don't want to see a rhino."
OAP: What are some of the threats faced by tigers in India?
FA: This is a human-dominated place. In some places, the population is from 13 to 300 people per square kilometer [0.4 square mile], and there is pressure on the resources because of that. These forests have been opened in a number of places. We are losing these forests at very fast rates.
OAP: What should people in the United States know about tigers in India?
FA: They should know that the tigers are very important. They should know they are disappearing from large tracts of forest in India and other range countries and try to help as much s they can. They can come and contribute on their own and they can come and volunteer, and help local villagers understand the importance of tigers in the area. They can do home-stay instead of staying in big lodge, so money goes to local people directly. And Americans can use less resources.
OAP: What about poachers?
FA: We have a severe problem with poachers. In the last two weeks, we lost four rhinos to poachers, and in the last six months, we lost about 20 rhinos to poachers. We killed only two poachers. The area is not remote, it is in the middle of the state, but it is a fortress. Only poachers go inside. They get killed or they get their animals. The [Assam] Forest Department is allowed to kill them. [Kaziranga has about 2,200 Asiatic one-horned rhinos, India's biggest conservation success story.]
We also got poachers. They killed a rhino on Jan. 14, 2011, and we thought maybe we got them on camera, and we did. So we made this poster, because we had a very good profile picture, and spread it around the park. They confessed to the police, and they went to jail for about three months for illegal arms.
OAP: What do you love about this work?
FA: First of all, this is such an interesting job to do, and every day is a new day in the forest, because you don't know what is there for you, and I love to do new things. Secondly, this is a contribution from my side to the mother earth.That is my motive, and something to the next generation before I leave.
Editor's note: This story was updated to reflect that Aaranyak is not a government organization.
MORE FROM LiveScience.com


It's almost spring but the unpredictable weather makes us wish we had a gas fireplace. Is it worth it or do we endure for another year? Here are the most frequently asked questions about gas fireplaces and gas fireplace inserts to help you decide.
Q. What is a gas fireplace insert
A. A gas fireplace insert is used to convert a wood-burning fireplace to a gas fireplace. Call Plumb-Pro to have your fireplace converted today!
Q. Can I install a gas fireplace or insert myself?
A. Always call a Plumb-Pro certified gas fitter to make sure your installation is done properly and efficiently.
Q. How much care does my gas fireplace need?
A. You should have a Plumb-Pro certified gas fitter technician clean and adjust your fireplace once a year for maximum efficiency.
Q. What is the difference between natural gas and propane?
A. Natural gas is less expensive and can produce up to 5% more heat. Natural gas also enters your home through a gas line, whereas propane must be stored outside in a tank. Call Plumb-Pro's journeyman gas fitters about gas line installation today!
Q. What is a direct vent fireplace?
A. Direct vent fireplaces use a sealed chamber to vent directly from outside through the wall or ceiling.
Q. How efficient are gas fireplaces?
A. Gas fireplaces require minimal cleanup and need no tending, whereas wood fireplaces are messy and need constant attention.
Q. How many BTUs does my gas fireplace need to have?
A. Heat output (measured in BTUs) should depend on how big the room is, the general climate, and your house's insulation level.
Q. Can I install a TV above a gas fireplace?
A. You should always consult the manufacturer or distributor of the TV as each TV will require different clearances.


Program Particulars: Getting Revenge and Forgiveness
Program Particulars
*Times indicated refer to Web version of audio
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(02:12–03:57) Music Element
"The Multiples of One" from Awakening, performed by Joseph Curiale
(2:59) Revenge as a Disease
In the May 4, 2008 edition of The New York Times Magazine, Alex Kotlowitz wrote about CeaseFire, an organization that treats inner-city violence like a disease. They employ former gang members as "violence interrupters," people who intervene in potentially violent disputes.
CeaseFire's founder, Gary Slutkin, is an epidemiologist and a physician who for 10 years battled infectious diseases in Africa:
"For violence, we're trying to interrupt the next event, the next transmission, the next violent activity," Slutkin told me recently. "And the violent activity predicts the next violent activity like H.I.V. predicts the next H.I.V. and TB predicts the next TB." Slutkin wants to shift how we think about violence from a moral issue (good and bad people) to a public health one (healthful and unhealthful behavior).
Michael McCullough wrote a letter to the editor about the article, explaining why he disagreed with the analogy between violence and infectious disease:
Before laws, police, and courts protected individual interests, we had revenge. When social disadvantage and social pressure conspire to alienate people from those institutions today, people return to revenge for self-protection. And neuroscience shows that vengeful feelings arise from normal brain processes: Feeling vengeful after victimization shows that your mind works the way it should, not that you're in the throes of an illness.
(4:56) Reference to Japanese Macaques
In one study, led by Filippo Aureli of the University of Rome, researchers observed a group of 37 Japanese macaques at the Rome Zoo. They wanted to figure out why macaques who lose fights sometimes attack the blood relatives of their aggressors. New Scientist magazine reported that the "majority of cases (74 percent) occurred brazenly, within sight of the former aggressor. Aureli thinks this boldness reveals the function of such 'kin-directed revenge'. If an aggressor is forced to witness a group attack on one of its more vulnerable relatives, it may in the future think twice before attacking its former victim."
(8:28) Brain Scans of Sweet Revenge
The researchers Ernst Fehr and Dominique de Quervain at the University of Zurich studied the brains of people contemplating revenge by setting up a game that involved punishing your opponent for double-crossing you. They found that, as the test subjects planned to punish their opponents, their brains showed activity in the part of the brain associated with pleasure and satisfaction. Fehr said, "You can look at our experiment as saying that people seem to feel rewarded when they punish a defector. Now there is nothing irrational about feeling rewarded about eating a chocolate. Similarly, there is nothing telling us that altruistic punishment is irrational."
In another brain scan study at University College London, Dr. Tania Singer and her team found that men were more likely than women to take pleasure in watching the physical punishment of people who had cheated them. When women watched the cheaters being punished, the pain center of their brains tended to light up, as though they were experiencing the pain themselves rather than feeling any satisfaction. The men's pain centers lit up only when they were watching the physical punishment of people who had not cheated them.
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(09:25–10:20) Music Element
"Hey Joe" from Experience Hendrix: The Best of Jimi Hendrix, performed by Jimi Hendrix
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(14:17–14:59) Music Element
"For Jan" from Vibes Solidliquid, performed by Dave Hagedorn (Tom Lewis, Chris Bates, JT Bates, Phil Hey)
(15:26) Bud Welch
In 1997, two years after the Oklahoma City Bombing, Bud Welch wrote "A Father's Urge to Forgive" for TIME magazine. He explained explain why he wanted to forgive Timothy McVeigh for killing his daughter, Julie:
Every day for a year, I'd come by the fence that encircles the footprint of the Murrah building, where it once stood, where she died. And during the first few months after the bombing, I was not opposed to the death penalty for Timothy McVeigh. But as time has gone on, I've tried to think this out for myself. Right now I'm trying to deal with forgiving. I can't tell myself or anyone else that I've forgiven Timothy McVeigh, because I have not. But my spiritual being tells me I have to deal with that.
It was a year later that he got a chance to meet Timothy McVeigh's father, and he described the effect of that meeting in a story for The Forgiveness Project:
As I walked away from the house I realized that until that moment I had walked alone, but now a tremendous weight had lifted from my shoulders. I had found someone who was a bigger victim of the Oklahoma bombing than I was, because while I can speak in front of thousands of people and say wonderful things about Julie, if Bill McVeigh meets a stranger he probably doesn't even say he had a son. About a year before the execution I found it in my heart to forgive Tim McVeigh. It was a release for me rather than for him.
Bud Welch has since written and spoken widely about the importance of forgiveness. In 2006 he told his story at Mount Pisgah church in Johns Creek, Georgia.
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(23:09–25:27) Music Element
"Prodigal Son" from Beggars Banquet, performed by The Rolling Stones
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(25:28–26:47) Music Element
"The Mercy Seat" from American III: Solitary Man, performed by Johnny Cash
(31:32) Forgiving Acholi Ex-rebel Fighters
Wide Angle
The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), led by Joseph Kony, began waging a guerilla war on the Ugandan government in the late 1980s, eventually kidnapping more than 20,000 children to serve as child soldiers and forcing them to commit atrocities against their own families and neighbors. The Ugandan government has had an amnesty program in place since 2000, with radio broadcasts inviting former rebels to lay down their arms and rejoin their communities. Some Acholi leaders have even advocating dropping all charges of war crimes against Joseph Kony, in opposition to the International Criminal Court at The Hague.
Marc Lacey of The New York Times covered the Acholi movement to forgive ex-rebel fighters, and the traditional forgiveness ceremony used to welcome them back into their communities.
One after the other, they stuck their bare right feet in a freshly cracked egg, with the lieutenant colonel, who lost his right leg to a bomb, inserting his right crutch in the egg instead. The egg symbolizes innocent life, according to local custom, and by dabbing themselves in it the killers are restoring themselves to the way they used to be…. "I ask for your forgiveness," said Charles Otim, 34, the rebel lieutenant colonel, who had been abducted by the rebels himself, at the age of 16, early in the war. "We have wronged you."
PBS's Wide Angle program "Lord's Children" followed three former child soldiers as they tried to reclaim a normal life after escaping from the LRA.
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(34:29–36:44) Music Element
"Lweny Dongpe (Chantsinging & Lamellaphones Lokeme)" from Ouganda: Musique des Acholi Uganda (Music of the Acholi), performed by Ensemble Watmon Amone
(34:56) Ethnomusicologist Peter Cooke
The audio heard in the program is an excerpt of talk given by the Welsh ethnomusicologist Peter Cooke. He spoke about the music of Uganda at an event sponsored by The Guardian, called "Music, a force for good? The Ugandan story." He has also written about the role that music plays in the midst of the Ugandan conflict:
Acholiland in northern Uganda is a region that…has been torn apart by the horrors of a war between Joseph Kony's rebel army and Ugandan government forces. Yet in the crowded and squalid Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) camps around Gulu, young Acholi musicians and dancers frequently rehearse and create spectacular performances of their traditional dances. Do these acts change their world? They at least help make their awful state of limbo more bearable and the texts of their songs openly articulate their feelings about the seemingly unending blight on their lives and their hopes for a better future.
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(43:41–44:58) Music Element
"Piano Sonata #14 In C Sharp Minor, Op. 27/2, "Moonlight" - 1. Adagio Sostenuto" from Beethoven: Piano Sonatas #13, 14 & 23, performed by André Watts
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(43:58–44:54) Music Element
"O Lord There Is No One Save You (Ma Li Fi L-Wujudi Siwaka)" from La Chadhiliyya: Sufi Chants From Cairo, performed by La Confrerie Chadhiliyya
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Quick Answer: How do i fill a polyline in autocad?
What is polyline command in AutoCAD?
A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments created as a single object. You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two. Some reasons you may choose to use polylines include the following: Vertices remain joined even after grip editing.
How do I fill gaps in AutoCAD?
How do I use Pline in AutoCAD?
To Draw a Polyline
 1. Click PLINE.
 2. Specify the first point of the polyline.
 3. Specify the endpoint of the first segment.
 4. Continue specifying segments as needed. Polylines can be composed of straight lines or arcs. …
 5. Press Enter to end the command, or choose Close Shape to close the polyline to its original start point.
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What is polyline tool?
The Polyline tool is used to draw shapes. It is a central vector type of line. To form a shape, you click to add a point and then, without releasing the mouse, pull the handle in the desired direction before adding the next point and repeat the operation.
What is difference between line and polyline command?
The first, it's important to note the difference between a line or line segment, and a polyline. A line is simply a separate line or segment that is not joined to another line. While a Polyline indicates two or more lines have been joined.
WHY JOIN command is not working in AutoCAD?
Type PE↵M↵ to start the Pedit command with the Multiple option, and then select all the objects that you want to join and press ↵. If you see a convert message, enter Y↵. At the Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/ Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Reverse/Undo]: prompt, click the Join option in the prompt or enter J↵.
Why won't my lines join in AutoCAD?
Causes: Objects have gaps or do not have connecting points because of different elevations. Use the UNITS command and increase the precision to maximum. Examining the lines, the Properties palette will show Start Z / End Z or Elevation values, potentially of a minute amount.
What is fuzz distance in AutoCAD?
The fuzz factor is the distance AutoCAD should look from an unattached endpoint for another object. … AutoCAD can extend one or both lines to fill the gap, or simply add a segment to fill the gap; it may even need to do both.
IT IS INTERESTING: Can we select more than one grip in autocad?
What is Explode command in AutoCAD?
What is multiline in AutoCAD?
Multilines are objects that can consist of up to 16 parallel lines. The individual lines in a multiline are called elements. Like polyline segments, several connected multiline segments form a single object. Draw multilines using the MLINE command.
What are commands used in AutoCAD?
150 AutoCAD Command and Shortcut list, PDF eBook included
 - REC. This command will make a rectangle in AutoCAD.
 - POL. …
 - ARC. …
 - ELLIPSE. …
 - REG.
How do you use polyline?
Draw a Polyline with Straight and Curved Segments
 1. Click Home tab Draw panel Polyline. …
 2. Specify the first point of the polyline.
 3. Specify the endpoint of the first segment.
 4. Switch to Arc mode by entering a (Arc) at the Command prompt.
 5. Return to Line mode by entering L (Line).
 6. Specify additional segments as needed.
How do I draw a polyline in AutoCAD using coordinates?
Using Specific Coordinates
 3. Press the Spacebar or Enter.
 4. Do one of the following: …
 5. Press the Spacebar or Enter.
IT IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: How do you do orthographics in autocad?
What is a polyline Google Maps?
A polyline is a list of points, where line segments are drawn between consecutive points. A polyline has the following properties: Points.
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text:
from a Flock of Geese
THEME: Using our gifts to serve and encourage others.
OBJECT: A picture of a flock of geese flying in formation.
SCRIPTURE: We have different gifts, according to the grace given us. If a man's gift is prophesying, let him use
it in proportion to his faith. If it is serving, let him serve; if it is teaching, let him teach; if it is encouraging,
let him encourage; if it is contributing to the needs of others, let him give generously; if it is leadership, let him
govern diligently; if it is showing mercy, let him do it cheerfully. Romans 12:6-8 (NIV)
You have probably heard someone call another person who has done something foolish, "A silly goose!" Well, I can tell
you that geese are not silly! We can learn a lot from the goose. For example, I am sure that most of you probably
know that when geese fly, they fly in a "V" formation. Have you ever wondered why the geese fly in a "V" formatiom?
Recent scientific studies have given us the answer. It has been learned that as each goose flaps its wings, it gives
a lift to the one immediately following. It has been determined that flying this way gives the geese about 70% more
Of course, that means that the lead goose is working harder. When the lead goose gets tired, he falls back into the
formation and another takes his place. Now, that's team work!
If you have ever seen a flock of geese flying, you have also noticed that all the time they are flying, the geese are
"honking." They do this to encourage one another. It is always easier to do something difficult when you know you
aren't flying alone, isn't it?
Sometimes, a goose becomes sick or is injured and falls to the ground. When that happens, two other geese go down and
stay with it until it is well. If it dies, they join another formation and continue on their journey.
Do you think the geese are silly? It sounds to me like they are pretty smart! What lessons do you think we could learn
from the geese?
We could learn that it is important for all church members to share the responsibility within the church rather than
letting the same loyal ones work until they drop!
We could learn that it is important to "honk" encouragement to other workers in the church.
We could learn that it is important for us to look after those who are sick or in need.
There is a lot that we can learn from the goose, isn't there?
Dear Jesus, help us to use the gifts that you have given us to serve and encourage others. Amen.
Copyright © 2004 Geoff Wilson
All rights Reserved
Used by Permission


text:
An overview of Microsoft Excel Courses in London. People use Excel for many jobs, such as building lists, doing calculations, and managing data. Cities like London have a huge demand for Excel in the typical jobs.
Microsoft Excel Courses in London
If you don't know how to use Excel, well you should absolutely learn.
- You can access classroom excel courses London, including certified diploma courses and tutorials.
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Top analysts and other experts generally know how to use excel.
Why learn Microsoft Excel?
Microsoft Excel is the simplest and top way to do numerous jobs. Being comfortable using Excel is a stunning skill to have. You have the power to manipulate and organise almost any type of digital information.
Once you have learned excel, you will never look back. You will be more employable and productive, you can:
- Build databases and do analysis in work setting.
- Sort downloaded detail, such as bank transactions
- Read detail supplied to you as data
- Make plans and timetables
- Make budgets and record expenses
- Organise personal information, such as passwords and accounts
- Do fast calculations and make charts.
How to learn Excel
There are many different ways to learn and become expert at using Excel.
Classroom excel courses London are also famous. They are particularly help if you are a new or intermediate user. Training courses:
- Present you the features of the program.
- Get you begun by teaching you how to do general task
It is vital to play around with it and try out different functions and you can look up how to perform things using the help menu or by finding an internet tutorial.
Excel is something you can became best at but never actually master. It changes, along with the possible uses for it. The top excel users make learning a regular part of working with spreadsheets.
Unlike most class excel courses, our excel course London includes all levels of excel in one package.
- Intermediate Excel
- Beginners Excel
- Advanced Excel
- Pivot Tablets
After you join, your tutor will get you to perform a fast online assessment which will permit us to gauge your present skill levels.
Form this, your work position and your daily usage of excel, we will make a personalised program for you to follow – indicating with excel functions and techniques to concentrate on together with a schedule to follow. Your tutor will be accessible for you for questions, discipline and help until you reach your excel goals.
Find out more about Bespoke Excel Courses here.


text:
|ACE News Archives||
ACE News #85 - Nov 9, 2004
|Subscribe to ACE News|
The SWEPAM and MAG experiments on ACE have obtained the first direct evidence that magnetic reconnection occurs in the solar wind near 1 AU. Reconnection describes a process in which the frozen-in field condition of magnetohydrodynamics is violated in such a manner that pairs of magnetic field lines merge to produce topological changes in the field. The reconnection process generally favors oppositely directed magnetic fields at thin current sheets and plays a central role in many models of space, solar, astrophysical and laboratory plasma phenomena. As illustrated in the figure on the left above, field-line kinks on newly merged magnetic field lines propagate as pairs of Alfven waves into the incoming flow. Dashed blue arrows marked A1 and A2, which pass through the kinks on adjacent merged field lines, define the boundaries of the reconnection exhaust. As plasma enters into the exhaust region it encounters one of the bounding Alfven waves and is accelerated away from the reconnection site. Since Alfven waves propagating parallel (anti-parallel) to the magnetic field, B, produce anti-correlated (correlated) variations in B and flow velocity, V, one expects to observe anti-correlated changes in V and B along A1 and correlated variation in V and B along A2.
The figure on the right above shows ACE solar wind magnetic field and proton (black) and alpha particle (red) flow velocity components (in r,t,n coordinates) in the 12:00 13:00 interval on 23 November 1997. Dotted blue lines mark the boundaries of a brief (~15 min) accelerated flow event that occurred at a relatively sharp shear in B. As predicted by the reconnection exhaust model, ACE observed anti-correlated changes in V and B as it entered the accelerated flow region and correlated variations in V and B as it exited that region, indicating that the accelerated flow was associated with a reconnection site that was convecting with the solar wind flow and that initially lay sunward of the spacecraft. Only a limited number (5) of additional reconnection exhaust events have been identified in the ACE data. This suggests that reconnection in the solar wind near 1 AU is a relatively rare phenomenon. All reconnection events identified in the ACE data occurred at thin current sheets associated with moderate to large changes in magnetic field orientation (98° - 162°) in plasmas characterized by low proton beta (0.01 - 0.15) and high Alfven speed (51 km/s - 204 km/s). They also were all associated with coronal mass ejections.
Contributed by Jack Gosling and Ruth Skoug of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Dave McComas of Southwest Research Institute and Chuck Smith of the University of New Hampshire. Address comments or questions to _EMAIL_.
Last modified 9 Nov 2004, by