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College is a time for students to have a number of new experiences that will impact their personal development. In this crucial time of growth, students can be influenced by factors such as being away from home for the first time, new friends and the pressure felt to fit in, and other social and emotional issues. Alcohol use may be one of the experiences a college student will explore and (it) is tied to many of the influences listed above. We want parents to be aware of the changes their students may face at college and be equipped to talk with their student about these issues.
Please talk to your student about alcohol use and risky behaviors that may affect his or her academic performance and social life as well as the legal issues that may compromise their future goals or success at St. Olaf College. We encourage you to speak with your student about alcohol prior to their arrival on campus and periodically throughout their college career. When speaking with your student consider the following:
- Be honest and straightforward with your student. Talk about expectations—both yours and theirs.
- Remind your student of legal issues—alcohol consumption is not tolerated at any level by those under the age of 21 in the state of Minnesota.
- Discuss the alcohol policy at school. At St. Olaf College the possession, distribution, or consumption of alcohoicl beverages is prohibited on the campus. Encourage your student to make choices consistent with the policy to avoid legal issues or college sanctions.
- Normalize the fact that not everyone in college drinks. In fact, 22% of St. Olaf students do not drink during their time at school.
Reinforce protective behaviors if your student does choose to drink:
- Alternate non-alcoholic with alcoholic beverages
- Avoid drinking games
- Set a limit to number of drinks he/she will have
- Eat before/during drinking
- Keep track of the number of drinks consumed
- Pace drinks to one or fewer per hour
- Stay with the same group of friends while drinking
- Use a designated driver
- Have a friend let them know when they've had enough
- Do not accept open drinks from someone else and do not drink from a cup that has been sitting unattended. The risk of someone else adding something to a drink is real.
Teach your student the signs of alcohol poisoning and encourage them to look out for their peers:
- The person is unconscious or semi-conscious and cannot be awakened when touched, spoken to, or shaken
- The person has cold, clammy or pale or bluish skin
- The person has slowed breathing (less than 8 breaths per minute or longer than 10 seconds between breaths)
- The person is vomiting while sleeping/passed out or is not fully conscious during or after vomiting
- The person drank a large quantity of alcohol and collapsed
A person does not need to exhibit all of these symptoms to have alcohol poisoning. When in doubt, seek help.
While your student is on campus, there are numerous resources to help your student succeed:
- The Wellness Centerstudents can talk to peer educators one-on-one about health and wellness issues or attend one of our programs on issues of alcohol and other drug use, sexual health, mental health, nutrition, or fitness.
- The Counseling Centeroffers individual counseling, workshops, testing, consultations and referrals. Services are provided at no cost to full-time St. Olaf students.
- Dean of Students Officedeans serve as consultants to students about personal and academic matters.
- BASICS (Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students)- helps students explore alcohol and drug use in a non-judgemental environment. This session is scheduled on an individual basis via the Counseling Center.
- Online Self Assessment for Students- E CheckUptoGo. Students input their alcohol use history and receive a personalize report to help them make safer choices. _URL_
More information on college drinking:
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)- _URL_
College Drinkingwww.collegedrinkingprevention.gov


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From playground equipment, snacks children eat at school to fruit and vegetables served at home or even the food containers they use, children these days are being increasingly put at a higher risk of exposure to hazardous chemical substances than ever before.
"Speak of child safety and our discussion will not only be limited to accidents anymore. Toxic contamination in the environment has become one of the most significant and challenging child safety issues," said Assoc Prof Dr Adisak Palitttapongarnpim, director of the Child Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Centre of Ramathibodi Hospital's Department of Paediatrics.
In developing countries including Thailand, economic growth is the order of the day. And toxic substances are one of the unwanted by-products of such development. To highlight the importance of this subject, Ecological Alert and Recovery-Thailand (Earth) has recently launched a book titled Bon Tang Haeng Pai: Mue Sanpit Kukkam Pattanakarn Dek _ the translated version of In Harm's Way: Toxic Threats To Child Development, which was previously published in the United States in 2000.
This article is older than 60 days, which we reserve for our premium members only.You can subscribe to our premium member subscription, here.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Summary of Most Relevant Topic Papers
Our resarch on artificial intelligence divides into modeling deep learning and applying artificial intelligence to different application domains. We developed
- MontiAnna, a family of domain specific languages for describing the architectures of neural networks, their training, and their training data.
- different variants of semantic differencing operators that can be used for non-trivial model evolution analyses that focus on detecting the semantic differences between model versions.
- MontiBelle, which uses Isabelle and its logic-based intelligence to support semi-automated formal verification of software architectures.
- a methodology to automatically test system requirements in automotive software engineering via test case generation.
- frameworks exploiting machine learning to analyse the data generated, e.g., by modern buildings and cards in operation and production systems.
MontiAnna - A Modeling Framework for Deep Learning
Deep learning is gaining a more and more important role in today's software systems. Developing such systems requires appropriate methodologies and tools taking learning into account at all stages of a development process and at runtime. At our chair we have developed MontiAnna, a family of domain specific languages for the consice description of the architecture of (1) a neural network, (2) its training, and (3) the training data [KNP+19]. What's more, using MontiCore language composition we have developed a technique to integrate neural networks into larger software architectures [KRRW17] as standardized machine learning components [KPRS19]. This enables the compiler to support the systems engineer by automating the lifecycle of such components. Thereby, we support multiple learning approaches such as supervised learning, reinforcement learning, generative adversarial networks, etc. The core structure of MontiAnna is shown in the following figure:
To facilitate the analysis and enable MLOps (short for "DevOps based on Machine Learning") in an agile development of machine learning-based systems we derived a software 2.0 artifact model and use it as a basis for a modular build system, distinguishing between different kinds of artifacts such as training/test data, software model, machine learning model, trained machine learning model, etc. [AKK+21].
The semantic difference between two models m and m' is the set of elements in the semantics of the model m that are not elements in the semantics of the model m'. Each element in a semantic difference is called a diff witness. Diff witnesses can be presented to developers. The developers can review the diff witnesses to increase their understandings of the semantic differences between the models. A semantic differencing operator is an automatic procedure for computing diff witnesses for two given models. As the semantics of models is usually an infinite set, detecting whether the semantic difference is empty and effectively computing a diff witnesses are no trivial tasks.
- [MRR11d] describes a semantic differencing operator for activity diagrams.
- [MRR11b] presents a semantic differencing operator for class diagrams.
- [DKMR19] describes a semantic differencing operator for feature diagrams.
- [DEKR19] discusses a semantic differencing operator for statecharts.
- [BKRW17] and [BKRW19] present semantic differencing operators for automaton variants describing the behavior of interactive systems.
- [MRR11g] describes a method for summarizing semantic model differences to condensate and increase the amount of information provided by semantic differencing operators.
We further developed a modeling language-independent method for determining syntactic changes that are responsible for the existence of semantic differences in [KR18a]. The method relies on a search in a tree where the nodes of the tree represent possible changes to models. As an example for semantic differencing, the given class diagram depicts the two class diagrams cd1 and cd2 and the object structures os1 and os2. The object structure os1 is an element of the semantics of cd2 and no element of the semantics of cd1. It is thus a diff witness in the semantic difference from cd2 to cd1. Similarly, the object structure os2 is a diff witness in the semantic difference from cd1 to cd2.
We apply logic, knowledge representation and intelligent reasoning to software engineering to perform correctness proofs, execute symbolic tests or find counterexamples. The theorem prover Isabelle is a mature and fundamental tool, which allows representing knowledge as a collection of definitions and theorems and reason about systems. To increase the usability we provide a high-level API encapsulating the low-level logic engine as well as a domain-specific modeling language as front end coupled with an Isabelle code generator.
These and the rapid increase of computation capabilities suggest that a prominent application for reducing certification costs of critical systems such as intelligent flight control systems or assistance systems for air or road traffic management is not far in the future [KMP+21] [KRRS19] [HRR12]. For this purpose we have realized the Focus theory, a detailed and well defined theory on distributed interacting connector and component systems, in Isabelle [BKR+20].
The following figure overviews the most important constituents of the verification framework.
Test Case Generation
Efficient testing is essential to engineer reliable automotive software. However, deriving test cases from ambiguous textual requirements is often a costly and error-prone endeavor. Model-based software engineering uses models as the primary artifacts during the engineering process. Therefore, requirements are captured by structured, comprehensible, formal models. This enables early consistency checking and verification as well as model-based testing. Crucial for the latter is automated test case derivation. For automotive software engineering, [EJK+19], [DGH+19], [DGH+18], [KMS+18] describe a methodology to test system requirements automatically. Our method is realized for a variant of SysML activity diagrams and state charts. The modeling languages are tailored towards testing automotive software and automatic test case derivation and applying a model transformation to automatically derive executable test cases.
Customer requirements in combination with customer requirement models are the input for the specification of the functional behavior of the system under development. The output of specifying the functional behavior are activity diagrams and state charts. These diagrams contain additional trace links to functional requirements. Our test case generator uses the diagrams as well as the linked functional requirements during the process of test case creation to generate test sets for each functionality modeled by the diagrams. During the generation process traceability between test cases and functional requirements is ensured. Next, these test sets are the input to verify the system under development using a suitable test environment.
Building, Car, and Production System Analysis using Machine Learning
Nowadays modern systems generate a massive amount of observable data. This data can be used to optimize the operation efficiency and prevent unneeded CO2 emission or reduce costs. [FLP+11], [GLPR15]. E.g. a building's ventilation system consists of multiple sensors and actors measuring observable data over time (time series data). Each operation mode of a ventilation system can be clearly assigned to a combination of specific sensor and actor behavior within a system [KLPR12]. This creates a structural and behavioural system theoretical view on buildings as cyber-physical systems (digital twin) [RW18] [BDH+20].
The digital modeling of buildings and their facilities as well as the availability of sensor and actor data enables the implementation of Big Data analyses. For instance, machine and deep learning approaches are used to automate anomaly detection. Furthermore, machine learning can be applied on sensor data to automatically detect different system operation modes. Based on this, classification models can be utilised to autonomously detect fault situations. The application of neural networks also allows to classify unknown sensor and actor information (e.g. type of sensor/actor). The following figure illustrates these circumstances.
- MontiAnna is a model-driven framework for the design and training of deep neural networks.
- Semantic differencing is a non-trivial task that facilitates developers in understanding the semantic differences between two model versions.
- If knowledge is represented by logic, theorem proving is reasoning, and the use of an underlying compositional verification methodology can be leveraged to reduce certification costs.
- Automated test case generation for SysML activity diagrams and statecharts facilitates the essential element of testing when engineering reliable automotive software.
- A good building analysis is a prerequisite for every optimization. Machine learning supports the analysis with various methods.
Selected Topic-Specific Publications
[AKK+21]In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Generative Programming: Concepts and Experiences (GPCE 21), E. Tilevich, C. De Roover (Eds.), pp. 55-68, ACM SIGPLAN, Oct. 2021.
[BDH+20]In: International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE'20), S. Dustdar, E. Yu, C. Salinesi, D. Rieu, V. Pant (Eds.), Volume 12127, pp. 85-100, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer International Publishing, Jun. 2020.
[BKR+20]Aachener Informatik Berichte, Software Engineering, Band 45, Shaker Verlag, Mar. 2020.
[BKRW17]In: International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA'17), pp. 145-154, IEEE, Apr. 2017.
[BKRW19]Continuously Analyzing Finite, Message-Driven, Time-Synchronous Component & Connector Systems During Architecture Evolution.In: Journal of Systems and Software, P. Pelliccione, J. Bosch, M. Marija (Eds.), Volume 149, pp. 437-461, Elsevier, Mar. 2019.
[BR07]In: Informatik-Spektrum, Band 30(1), pp. 3-18, Springer Berlin, Feb. 2007.
[DEKR19]

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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More Regular Meals May Improve Dementia Care
THURSDAY, Feb. 28 (HealthDay News) -- Helping people with dementia to eat more regularly improves their physical health and may lower symptoms of depression, a small new study from Taiwan suggests.
The research included 63 dementia patients who were trained to remember proper eating habits and 27 patients who received usual care. The memory training used a method called spaced retrieval, which requires people to recall a piece of information over increasingly longer time intervals. Another memory-training tool involved practicing tasks associated with daily living.
The patients underwent tests for nutrition, body-mass index (a measurement of body fat based on height and weight) and depression before the start of the study and again six months later.
People who underwent the combination memory training showed improved nutrition and a healthy increase in body-mass index, as well as reduced depression scores, according to the study published online Feb. 28 in the Journal of Advanced Nursing.
Depression scores declined for patients who got the nutrition training, as well, the researchers said.
Li-Chan Lin, of the National Yang-Ming University in Taiwan, and colleagues said health care professionals may want to consider using this type of approach in dementia patients who have poor nutrition and signs of depression.
The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has more about dementia.
SOURCE: Journal of Advanced Nursing, news release, Feb. 28, 2013Related Articles
- Concussion Damage Looks Much Like Early Alzheimer's: Study
June 18, 2013
- Could 'Moderate' Drinking Be Safe During Pregnancy?
June 18, 2013
Learn More About Sharp
Sharp HealthCare is San Diego's health care leader with seven hospitals, two medical groups and a health plan. Learn more about our San Diego hospitals, choose a Sharp-affiliated San Diego doctor or browse our comprehensive medical services.
Copyright ©2012 HealthDay. All rights reserved.


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Multiplying two digit by one digit numbers
How to multiply a two digit number by a one digit number
(for example 59 * 7).
- Place one number above the other so that the ones'
place digits are lined up. Draw a line under the bottom number.
- Multiply the two ones' place digits (9 * 7 = 63). This number is larger
than 9, so place the six above the tens' place column and place the three below the
line in the ones' place column.
- Multiply the digit in the tens' place column (5) by the second number (7).
The result is 5 * 7 = 35. Add the 6 to the 35 (35 + 6 = 41) and place the answer
below the line and to the left of the 3.


An escape attempt can be made for each throw in the chain.
If the chain is escaped, the remaining throws in the chain are not performed.
Typically, the throws at the start of the chain do very little damage, while
those throws towards the end of the chain are very strong. If all the throws
in a throw link are successful they can easily deplete half of a characters
health. Despite their amazing power they have many escape points making it
unlikely for someone who is actively trying to escape to suffer the entire
throw chain. Note that it takes considerable practice and memorization to
learn the variations of many linking throws. These variations are essential
to using throw links effectively. If you only know a single variation for a
throw, it becomes very likely it will be escaped if the player has fought you
before. Unlike standard throws, if you escape a throw chain neither of you
will have the advantage.
-Running Throws are usually performed like standard throws, except they are
performed while you are running. They usually do more damage than standard
throws. Only a handful of characters possess running throws. Those
characters who attempt to throw during a run and dont possess these throw
types will use a standard throw instead.
-Tackle Throws come in 2 phases. First is the actual tackle which hits
medium. Almost all characters can tackle while running, but many also have
stand alone tackles. Almost, if not all tackles are escaped by pressing
right punch. The tackle itself does very little damage, it is the
second phase of a tackle that causes the majority of damage. Most characters
have the 5 hit mounted punch attack. The mounted punches have an escape
point before the first punch and before the fourth punch. Mounted punches
also have 2 variations creating a guessing game for both escape points. The
punch series can start with either a left or right punch and are escaped by
pressing the opposing punch. If for example the tackle starts with a right
punch, it is escaped with a left punch. The fourth punch can be changed up
to be either a left or right punch and are escaped in the same manner they
are during the first escape point. Some characters can perform throws or
linking throws during a tackle. In most cases these throws can be performed
after the third punch in the mounted punch sequence. It could be hasty to
say so, but in my experience most throws during a tackle are escaped with
left punch+right punch. So while tackles hit medium and almost if not all
characters can use them, they can have up to 3 escape points severely
limiting the amount of damage you can hope to achieve with them. Tackles
also have a point in which they can be reversed. A just input of
left punch+right punch just before your characters back hits the ground will
reverse the tackle leaving you on top. Marduk is an exception to this
however. His tackle can be escaped, but not reversed. Furthermore if
Marduk's tackle connects you will only have one opportunity to escape
his next attack. The escape method for his attacks is the same as
it is for characters using mounted punches. If he initiates the attack with
his left arm, escape with right punch. Marduk has some mounted attacks that
use both arms, to escape these attacks you must either press nothing or if
you prefer you can press left punch+right punch.
-Tossing Throws are best employed near a wall. This allows you to tack on
additional damage by entering a wall game. Tossing throws not only have the
initial escape chance, but some can have their damage reduced with a well
timed ukemi/tech roll. Some tossing throws allow you to juggle your opponent
instead of letting them hit the ground for the full throw damage. The proper
juggle will almost always yield more damage than letting the throw finish.
-Wall Throws are new to Tekkken 6. To my knowledge, only Lili and Marduk
and King have wall throws. Wall throws can only be used on opponents who are
wall stunned. There damage is on par with back throws. Also like back
throws, wall throws cannot be escaped.
Tracking: Tracking refers to how well an attack will succeed against evasion.
Tracking is a property of attacks. Some attacks have very good
tracking while others have very poor tracking. Some attacks only track well
to the left or right making side-stepping in the other direction a viable
form of evasion. For characters or players who rely heavily on side-stepping
for defense, understanding each attacks tracking is essential.
Ukemi/Tech Roll: Tech rolls or Ukemi is a defensive maneuver used when you
are knocked down. It is a form of rapid recovery from knock-down. Press
either punch when you contact the ground to quickly roll and recover to your
characters left. Press either kick when you contact the ground to quickly
roll and recover to your characters right. Pressing forward will spring
your character up the moment he touches the ground. Most of the time a
rolling ukemi will be your best option when knocked down, but they arent
completely safe depending on the recovery of the move used to knock you down.
Ukemi's can only be used when you make contact with the ground with your
back first, though there are a few exceptions to this such as Paul's
Thrasher. In addition, many attacks that violently smash you into the ground
dont allow for the use of ukemi. You can't use ukemi during bounces either.
Despite its limitations, this is still a great defensive tactic and one you
should use at almost every opportunity. As mentioned under throws, certain
throws such as King's Giant Swing can be tech rolled out of to negate some
of the throws damage.
Unblockable: All characters have at least 1 unblockable attack. The most
obvious difference of unblockable attacks is that they can not be guarded
against. These attack simply ignore guard. Most unblockable attacks have
a very long wind-up time that is often accompanied by colorful electricity or
swirls. Unblockable attacks also tend to be extremely powerful. Some are so
powerful in fact, that it would only take 2 of them to kill a character at
full health. Unblockable attacks have unrivaled priority. During the frames
in which an unblockable attack can connect, no normal attack can hope to
strike by advantage of priority. Unblockable recovery is average to slow,
but in no way as terrible as their wind-up. Most unblockable attacks hit
medium and have good range. Despite having so many strengths, their wind-up
is in most cases more than enough to make up for all of these strengths and
then some. Unblockable's with even an average wind-up are practical to use
in more situations. Those with the terribly long wind-ups must be used
carefully and in conjunction with their cancel commands to achieve any
success that isnt derived from pure luck.
Wake-up Game: Wake-up games dont vary much from character to character, but
remain a good source of damage if your wake-up game is good. Your wake-up
game is essentially your skill at dealing as much damage as possible before
your opponent is able to stand back up after being knocked down. In its
purest form the wake-up game is no different than fighting a standing
opponent in a typical Tekken match. It is just far less complex because
your opponents options while on the ground are severely limited and at the
same time your options for striking them is more limited. High attacks are
useless in a wake-up game, so you must omit all of those moves as options.
The wake-up game will be explained in greater detail in the basic combat
section of this guide.
Wall Break: Wall Breaks are similar to ground breaks. After smashing an
opponent into a wall with a powerful attack it will be completely destroyed
revealing an additional portion of the stage. More importantly are your
options available against an opponent who has just been used to destroy the
wall. The victim in this situation will be in a very rare and unique state.
They will be in a complete state of wall stun, but there will no longer be a
wall behind them. So the attacker must switch to a type of combo or juggle
instead of going into their wall game options. It is likely that characters
who excel at juggles will do more damage where those who excel at wall
punishment will do less damage. Because wall breaks are so new to Tekken new
methods of dealing optimal damage in this rare situation are still being
discovered/created. It seems unusual to me, but so far Ive only found a
single stage with a breakable wall. That stage is the Temple Grounds. I
suspect there are other stages with breakable walls and Id appreciate emails
that have verified other stages with breakable walls.
Wall Game: Unlike the wake-up game, wall game doesnt refer to a smaller less
complex game within Tekken, but rather it refers to how well a character can
utilize the walls in a stage. For example, Anna has an excellent wall game
where as Asuka has


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funken (series of 13)
- lambda-print on alumiumdibond behind acrylic glass
- 1-2 150 x 120 cm
- 3-14 100 x 80 cm
The photographs of funken (sparks) investigate the movement patterns of sparks. These appear like graphics showing traces of light. For better observatory purposes, the photographs of the sparks have been inverted to result in a highly graphical image in negative. The yellow of the sparks becomes blue, the black of the surrounding darkness turns pure white. The photographic inquiry focuses on random angles emerging according to how the sparks divide in the air forming tree-like structures that reveal their geometric properties. This work continues the analysis of mathematical patterns expressed in earlier works such as milch and snow noise.


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Family: Pieridae, Whites and Sulphurs view all from this family
Description The Great Southern White (Ascia monuste) is a species of butterfly of the Pieridae family in which the sexes differ in that the female can be either light or dark colored. It is found from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, south through tropical America to Argentina. Migratory along the south-eastern coast of the United States, with strays to Maryland, Kansas and Colorado.
The wingspan is 63-86 mm. Adults are on wing all year round in southern Texas, peninsular Florida and along the Gulf Coast.
Ascia monuste is an example of a migrating species which moves in one direction within its life-span and does not return. It breeds in Florida but sometimes migrates along the coast up to 160 kilometers to breed in more suitable areas.
The larvae feed on Brassicaceae (including Cakile maritima, cultivated cabbage and radish and Lepidium species) and plants in the Capparidaceae family, including nasturtium. Adults feed on nectar from various flowers including saltwort, lantana and verbena. It is a sporadic pest of crucifer vegetables in southern Texas.
Dimensions 1 3/4-2 1/4" (44-57 mm).
Habitat Meadows & fields, Shorelines & salt marshes.
Range Florida, Mid-Atlantic, Plains, Texas, Southeast.


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This past Wednesday, March 7, marked the 50th anniversary of the devastating "Ash Wednesday Storm" that pummeled the Outer Banks in 1962.
The storm, which struck with very little warning, assaulted the North Carolina coast with gale force winds for two and a half days. Higher than average spring tides combined with powerful wind brought extreme flooding from Nags Head to Hatteras Island. A new inlet between Buxton and Avon severed Hatteras Island.
When it was over more than 2,000 Outer Banks buildings were either washed into the ocean, otherwise totally destroyed, or severely damaged. Officials estimated the damage to property at more than $234 million dollars.
Old and abandoned automobiles were dumped into the breech on Hatteras. Dredges pumped sand on top of the vehicles to finally fill in the new inlet.
In 1986 Outer Banks historian, David Stick, wrote a book, "The Ash Wednesday Storm," which chronicled the devastation with photographs and interviews with people who lived through the ordeal and with everyday heroes who rescued countless individuals from the rising tide.
The book is a sobering reminder of the power and fury of North Atlantic storms, but I don't believe the book is still in print.
Our latest Ocracoke Newsletter is the story of the Civil War on the Outer Banks, Josephus Daniels, Jr, Secretary of the Navy during WWI, and his connection to Ocracoke. You can read it here: _URL_


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A cornerstone of our work at Highlander is engaging families in the school. Parental involvement is a serious sharing of responsibility for each child's learning and development.
Highlander believes that parents are a child's most important teachers and understands that each child's education relies on a committed support network of adults who work together to help students achieve their potential.
All Highlander parents must commit to being involved in their child's education upon acceptance into the school. This means that parents must to commit to:
We encourage parents to become involved through the Board of Trustees, SIT (School Improvement Team), or sub-committees. Highlander also encourages parents to support their children by being present in the school by leading a workshop or activity, assisting in classrooms, or acting a mentor to a student with similar interests.
A home visit is a meeting hosted by the student in his/her home, and includes the student, teacher and parent(s)/guardian(s). Home visits occur every August/September.
A trusting relationship between faculty and families is critical to our school philosophy, and meeting before the school year promotes discussion in a more relaxed atmosphere.
Parents play active roles in the learning plans established for their children, and there must be a level of comfort with the process and teacher to optimize parent involvement.
Home visits allow teachers an inside look at the interests of their students. Through observations, informal conversation, and question-and-answer sessions, the home visit provides a window on what students are excited to learn about.
The home visit also provides teachers an environmental context for student interests, actions, and beliefs. Highlander boasts a diverse population of students; the home visit enables the teacher to learn where each student is coming from and to understand family structure and expectations. It is an important foundation upon which we build academic, social, and organizational goals.
A learning plan outlines the academic, social and organizational goal for each student and grounds the personalized learning that occurs at Highlander. Learning plan meetings occur annually in October, January (optional), and April. The plan outlines two to four goals for each student and details an action plan for achieving those goals. The parent action plan is critical to achieving learning goals, and shared accountability sets the stage for student success.
These evening meetings are usually held in September, January, and April. The school also hosts an open house for upperand lower-school parents in October, giving parents an opportunity to see their child's classroom, hear about their child's academic and social experiences, and speak to the teacher and each other about the start of the school year.
Finally, the school hosts parents during "exhibition time," when a classroom of students showcase the academic work of the quarter, present information that they have collected and analyzed, and answer questions about their work posed by teachers, administrators and their parents.
Highlander encourages parents to get involved with the school and their children's education in other ways. Parents can serve on the Board of Trustees, mentor students, chaperone field trips, and teaching mini lessons. Learn more about how you can get involved with Highlander.


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The Department of Energy's (DOE) Waste Management program directs the storage, treatment, and disposal of waste generated by DOE's activities. In support of this mission, the Waste Management program uses a variety of treatment technologies to change the characteristics of the waste so that it may be more easily managed.
What Is Waste Treatment?
Waste treatment techniques are used to change the physical, chemical, or biological character of the waste, to reduce its volume and/or toxicity, and to make the waste safer for disposal. Waste treatment may be required for radioactive, hazardous, and other DOE wastes. However, DOE does not treat all of its wastes. Some solid sanitary waste does not require treatment prior to disposal, and hazardous wastes are treated by commercial treatment facilities. Mixed wastes (which contain both hazardous and radioactive components) pose special management challenges since they are difficult to treat with existing treatment technologies. These wastes are prohibited from disposal unless they have been treated to specific standards. DOE has worked with its state and Federal regulators and the public to identify and develop appropriate treatment strategies for mixed waste, and is now implementing the site treatment plans developed under the Federal Facility Compliance Act.


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until he has both forks. When he is done eating, he puts the sticks down and continues thinking.
To solve the problem with JEK Platform, five routes are defined to represent the actions of five philosophers. Each route has two tasks: eat and think. Obviously, eat task of each philosopher's route can not be active at the same time because of resource constraints. A Mutex synchronization resource is used to restrict the eat task of each philosopher. The resource allocation scheduling algorithm in the JEK Kernel has an important feature to avoid a deadlock in this sample: if one philosopher gets a fork and finds another is already taken, it will release the one and notify other tasks in other routes so that other philosopher can continue to eat.
The following diagram, figure 2, illustrates the philosopher dining job execution engine's timing diagram. The application code is pretty simply since it does not need to handle threads and thread synchronization that is handled in the JEK SDK, but simply describes the resources (forks) and tasks (philosophers' actions).
Figure 2. JEK Studio monitors the philosophers dining job execution
In figure 2, JEK Studio GUI has four components illustrated by four yellow bubbles:
- The task matrix presents the application engine internal structure and the real-time execution activity status.
- The task timing diagram presents a more detailed real-time execution status for tasks, which helps developers to understand and to validate concurrent system behavior quickly.
- The activity resource matrix presents real-time task activity resource status.
- The synchronization resource matrix presents real-time task occupy status.
- The task trace window displays log status, which is also saved in a log file.
In JEK Studio, five routes are shown in the task matrix. Its execution is shown in the task execution timing diagram. The four blue bubbles are explained as follows:
- Blue bubble 1. Job execution engine starts to execute job. Philosophers 1 and 4 start to eat.
- Blue bubble 2. Philosophers 3 and 5 start to eat at the same time. Philosophers 1 and 4 start to rest at the same time. The reason that philosopher 3 and 5 can start to eat at the same time is because the application code is configured so that the eat time for all philosophers are the same. The rest times are also the same for all philosophers.
- Blue bubble 3. It's interesting to observe the job execution status after a few loops. Philosophers 1, 2, 4 are resting. Philosophers 3 and 5 are eating. If observed carefully, philosophers 3 and 5 are not starting to eat at the exact same time. Philosophers 1, 2, 4 do not rest at the same time.
- Blue bubble 4. This is another interesting job execution status. Only one philosopher, #2, is eating at this moment. Philosophers 1, 3, 4, 5 are all resting. The reason, the resting times of all philosophers are longer than eating times.
- Another observation is that fairness is not guaranteed for each route. It's unpredictable which philosopher will get a chance to eat next time based on the scheduler used.
- Route starvation is possible. In other words, some philosophers might never get a chance to eat. This is not demonstrated in the graph since the result is random. You can try to start the engine a few times and the results could be different each time.
If not using simulation, it is very hard for a software engineer to answer: if scenarios marked by the blue bubbles 3 and 4 are possible.
Sample 2. Automated Coffee Machine
An automated coffee machine mixes milk, sugar, and coffee into a cup, and serves the cup to customer when it is done.
Figure 3. Coffee machine model analysis
The coffee machine has five robots:
- Platform robot. It holds the coffee cup, so that milk, sugar, and coffee can be poured into it and gets mixed. After the coffee is mixed, it moves the cup with the mixed coffee to a customer.
- Cup robot. It puts an empty cup onto the platform robot.
- Milk robot. It pours milk into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
- Sugar robot. It pours sugar into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
- Coffee robot. It pours coffee into the coffee cup on the platform robot.
Coffee machine operating procedure:
- All robots are in initial positions.
- Cup robot puts an empty cup onto the platform cup.
- Milk robot pours milk into cup.
- Sugar robot pours sugar into cup.
- Step 3 and step 4 can be parallel.
- Coffee robot pours coffee into cup.
- Platform robot moves mixed coffee to customer.
Important operating requirements of the coffee machine are as follows:
- Above operating procedures have to be followed. Otherwise, the robot's positions might be in wrong places, and results in robot damages.
- Milk and sugar need to be poured into the cup before coffee, so that the coffee can be mixed properly without requiring adding a coffee stir robot that increases the complexity of the machine.
To solve the problem with JEK Platform, two routes are defined. One route is designed to control the cup robot and the platform robots. Another route is designed to control milk, sugar, and coffee robots. The reason to define these routes is that the task steps inside each route are sequential. The synchronization resource between routes is the platform robot. For detailed analysis and code, please go to _URL_ to download the complete JEK Platform and to look for sample section 7: Machine Control.
Figure 4 is the coffee machine execution timing diagram implemented with the JEK SDK and presented with the JEK Studio. X axis is time. Y axis is tasks. A bar is the execution time for a task. Tasks within one route are displayed with one color. Different tasks in one route are displayed with different Y axis values. Multiple bars in the same Y axis represent the same task executed at different times.
Route 1 controlling milk, sugar, and coffee robot (orange color) has three tasks from bottom to top:
- Task1_1: control milk robot to pour milk.
- Task1_2: control sugar robot to pour sugar.
- Task1_3: control coffee robot to pour coffee.
Route 2 controlling cup robot (blue) has two tasks from bottom to top:
- Task2_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot.
- Task2_2: control platform robot to serve mixed coffee to customer.
The six blue bubbles in figure 4 are explained as follows:
- Blue bubble 1. Task2_1 puts a cup onto the platform robot.
- Blue bubble 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup at the same time.
- Blue bubble 3. Task1_2 finishes pouring sugar and Task1_1 is still pouring milk.
- Blue bubble 4. Task1_3 starts pouring coffee.
- Blue bubble 5. Task2_2 controls the platform robot to serve mixed coffee.
- Blue bubble 6. Repeat the same process.
Figure 4. Coffee machine execution status of solution 1
This robot is not very efficient. Route 1 is idle after blue bubble 5. To increase the throughput, another independent platform robot is added to make route 1 as busy as possible. The position of platform robot 1 is different from that of platform robot 2. Therefore, the control code for pouring milk, sugar, and coffee is different in context, but have the same structure. Figure 5 is a new robot diagram.
Figure 5. Platform 2 robot is added
Route 3 (burgundy red color) is added to serve second cup, which is presented as red in figure 6. It has identical tasks as defined in route 2. Since a new platform robot is added, route 2 and 3 are redefined as follows:
Route 2 controlling cup robot (blue) has two tasks:
- Task2_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot 1.
- Task2_2: control platform robot 1 to serve mixed coffee to customer 1.
Route 3 controlling cup robot (burgundy red) has two tasks:
- Task3_1: control cup robot to put cup onto platform robot 2.
- Task3_2: control platform robot 2 to serve mixed coffee to customer 2.
Figure 6. Solution 2 coffee machine has two platform robots
The five blue bubbles in figure 6 are explained as follows.
- Blue bubble 1. Task3_1 puts the cup onto platform robot 2. Both routes 2 and 3 are started at the same time, but only one route can use the cup robot. It is random that route 2 gets the cup robot.
- Blue bubble 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup at the same time after a cup is put on platform robot 2. Note: the execution context of route 2 is platform robot 1 since it has a different location than platform robot 2. In other words, the control code is different when the context is different.
- Blue bubble 3. Task2_1 starts to put a cup on platform robot 1. Coffee robot uses task1_3 to pour coffee into the cup on platform robot 1. Both tasks are started at the same time.
- Blue bubble 4. Platform robot 2 uses task3_2 to serve mixed coffee to customer 2. Task1_1 and Task1_2 pour milk and sugar into an empty cup on platform robot 1. The route 1 execution context (pouring milk


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Frederick Douglass Plantation: Archaeology unveiled
COLLEGE PARK, Md. The first exhibition to display the many archaeological finds at Frederick Douglass' childhood plantation— where he first realized that he was a slave—opened recently at the Academy Art Museum located at 106 South Street in Easton, Maryland. The exhibition is co-curated by University of Maryland archaeologists.
"Joint Heritage at Wye House" represents eight years of excavations conducted by the University of Maryland team and highlights evidence recovered from slave quarters and the Green House at one of the largest and well-documented plantations in Maryland. The major interpretive exhibition includes the rarely seen historic ledger of the plantation's rosters of slaves. It runs through October 13, 2013.
"At a time when racial tensions continue to divide, our archaeology shows that American culture is an indivisible amalgam of African and European influences," says University of Maryland archaeologist Mark P. Leone, who has led the Wye Plantation excavation. "From culinary tastes to horticulture to religion, African traditions blended with the European to shape a distinctly American culture."
The excavation uncovered evidence of life on the thriving agricultural plantation. Hundreds of slaves toiled there, along with hired labor and family members. Artifacts include house wares, food remnants, and traces of pollen from the herbs, medicines, flowers and fruit grown in the historic "Orangery," as it was later called, an 18th century feature on estates and plantations.
"We have gone to great lengths to provide a wealth of historic context to make plantation life as vivid and accessible as possible," says Academy Art Museum Curator Anke Van Wagenberg. "Our display includes books, recipes, maps, artwork. Most remarkably, we can document the generations of slaves who worked there."
The Maryland Historical Society lent the Museum the rarely seen handwritten slave ledgers, including hundreds of complete names. The exhibit includes a searchable database.
"This holds intense interest for many who live in the area— descendants of Wye slaves," says Leone. "Understanding history is a matter of pride."
Dating to 1785, the Wye Orangery may be the oldest surviving structure of its type in the United States. A significant part of the excavation has been devoted to the building. By analyzing surviving bits of pollen unearthed there, Leone's UMD colleague Elizabeth F. Pruitt was able to catalogue the arrangement and identity of species originally grown there.
"We identified more than 100 plants that grew there," Pruitt says. "It provided medicinal herbs, leafy plants, exotic fruits and array of flowers. This was a central feature of the plantation combining beauty and practicality."
The Wye Plantation has remained in the same family for 12 generations, dating back to 1659. The owners, the Tilghman family, gave Leone access and helped fund his research, as well as the exhibition.
"Joint Heritage at Wye House" is made possible by the generous support of Richard and Beverly Tilghman, the University of Maryland, College Park and the Frederick Douglass Honor Society. A


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We use a combination of palpation and muscle testing techniques to determine the specific location of pain.
Chinese Medicine principles are applied to treat the underlying causes of pain. We also use Master Tung empirical points and Trigger Point therapy (acupuncture based on Western Medical science) to treat the symptoms of pain.
Trigger Point (Travell and Simons) and Motor Point (Matt Callison)
Both of these techniques are based on Western Medical science to treat muscle pain. They address excess muscle tension, and relieve the immediate source of pain.
The Pain Arc
The ancient Huato Jiaji Arc corresponds to the neural reflex arc in Western Medical science. We treat the Huato points (located at the vertebral transverse process) at the level of the spinal nerve which innervates the agonist (injured) muscle, and the motor points of the agonist/antagonist muscles. This acupuncture technique interrupts the pain signal between the brain and the spinal nerve roots.
Combining Chinese Medicine and western medical science results in a more complete and permanent approach to pain management.


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How do modern fires differ from traditional fires?
While the physics of fire development has not changed over time, the fire environment, or more specifically the single-family home, has evolved. Several factors — including home size, geometry, contents and construction materials — have changed significantly over the past 50 or more years. The average home is significantly larger, contains much more open space, is furnished with synthetic contents, and is constructed out of newer materials that are more energy efficient and value engineered. While many of these changes have produced desirable results, the modern home fire is able to propagate faster, result in an unsurvivable condition sooner, reduce the time to escape and reduce the time to structural failure.
How have the hazards of home fires changed over the past 30 years?
Home fires are much more hazardous to occupants and firefighters. Our research shows that home occupants would have significantly less time to escape today than 50 years ago. The number of residential fires has decreased significantly, by more than half, but that does not reduce the hazard should a fire occur.
The conditions that firefighters are going to be faced with today and into the future have been significantly impacted by the ever-changing fire environment. As society continues to make changes to building materials as a result of the desire to be environmentally conscious and to increase profit, the fire environment is going to continue to change. And if the current trends in the fire environment continue, it will not be in favor of firefighter safety. Therefore, it is important that firefighters study this new fire environment and its impact on their safety and tactics. The first component of this is understanding that the conditions they are arriving to are very different than they were several generations ago. The fire environment can change rapidly due to under-ventilated fire conditions, and floor systems can collapse quickly and with little warning. Additionally, operating conditions need to be constantly monitored to understand the impact of the tactics used and the potential need to change them. Ultimately, if the fire environment has changed, tactics need to change or be reevaluated to have the greatest opportunity to be most effective on today's fires.VIEW THIS EXPERT'S LINKEDIN PROFILE


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Anniversary clocks/ Torsion Pendulum Clocks are generally fragile, fancy, spring-wound shelf tickers. The cleaned clock instrument is uncovered under a glass case or arch, to permit individuals to watch the twist pendulum turn. Clocks of this style, first made by Anton Harder around 1880, are otherwise called 400-day or Anniversary clocks or Torsion Pendulum Clocks, in light of the fact that many can run for a whole year on a solitary winding. This doesn't mean they will keep exact time the entire year. It's ideal to wind the clock once per month. However, a few models will approach 1000 days on a solitary winding.
How Anniversary Clocks Work/ Torsion Pendulum Clocks?
Anniversary clocks/ Torsion Pendulum Clocks are equipped for running any longer between windings than clocks with a common pendulum, on the grounds that the twist pendulum turns gradually and takes little energy. Anyway they are hard to set up and are normally not as precise as clocks with conventional pendulums. One explanation is that the wavering time of the twist pendulum changes with temperature because of temperature-subordinate change in flexibility of the spring. The pace of the clock can be made quicker or more slow by a change screw system on the twist pendulum that moves the weight balls in or out from the pivot. The closer in the balls are, the more modest the snapshot of latency of the twist pendulum and the quicker it will turn, similar to a turning ice skater who pulls in her arms. This makes the clock accelerate.
One wavering of the twist pendulum generally takes 12, 15, or 20 seconds. The escapement system, that changes the rotational movement of the clock's cog wheels to heartbeats to drive the twist pendulum, works rather like an anchor escapement. A brace gadget at the highest point of the twist spring draws in a switch with two anchor-formed arms; the arms thus then again draw in the teeth of the getaway wheel. As the anchor delivers a tooth of the break wheel, the switch, which is fixed to the anchor, moves aside and, through the brace, gives a little wind to the highest point of the twist spring. This is barely enough to prop the wavering up.
The Atmos clock, made by Jaeger Le Coultre, is a sort of twist clock which shouldn't be wound or controlled by any means. The origin which turns the clock's wheels is kept injury by little changes in barometrical weight or potentially nearby temperature, utilizing a howls component. In this manner no winding key or battery is required, and it can run for quite a long time without human mediation.
History Of Anniversary Clock/ The Torsion Pendulum Clock
The twist pendulum was developed by Robert Leslie in 1793. The twist pendulum clock was first concocted and licensed by American Aaron Crane in 1841. He made tickers that would approach one year on a winding. He additionally endeavored to make exactness Anniversary Clock/ Torsion Pendulum Clocks dependent on the twist pendulum, yet just four sold.
The German Anton Harder clearly freely developed and licensed the twist check in _PHONE_. He was motivated by watching a hanging ceiling fixture pivot after a worker had gone it to light the candles. He framed the firm Jahresuhrenfabrik ('Year Clock Factory') and planned a clock that would run for a year, however its exactness was poor. He sold the patent in 1884 to F. A. L. deGruyter of Amsterdam, who permitted the patent to terminate in 1887. Different firms entered the market, starting the German large scale manufacturing of these tickers.
In spite of the fact that they were fruitful industrially, twist tickers stayed helpless watches. In 1951, Charles Terwilliger of the Horolovar Co. created a temperature remunerating suspension spring, which permitted genuinely precise Clocks to be made.
How do you wind An Anniversary Clock?
To wind a Anniversary Clocks/ Torsion Pendulum Clock is just like winding many other kinds of pendulum clocks, all you need to do this is put a key in the square beneath the face of the clock and then turn counterclockwise. And after doing this, you can go on to release the key swiftly. It is also recommended to not let the key snap back in a haste
Why Is It Called An Anniversary Clock?
The anniversary clock gets its name as this was the very first mechanical clock that did not in essence require daily winding regularly. Moreover, you would only need to wind it once every year, and hence the name the "Anniversary Clock"
How To Speed Up Anniversary Clocks/ Torsion Pendulum?
To speed up your anniversary clock, you can use the lever to lock the pendulum in the right place. You can go on to rotate the disc counterclockwise, and then gently unlock the pendulum. This would increase the overall speed of your anniversary clock
Hopefully, this article was helpful in answering a few questions that you might have had regarding Anniversary Clocks/ Torsion Pendulum Clocks, if you want to go through an article answering "Why do Pendulum Clocks Stop During An Earthquake?", we have a great article written on just that topic, that you can givce a look "here"


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Uchinanchu: A History of Okinawans in Hawai'i
Book jacket of Uchinanchu: A History of Okinawans in Hawai'i. The background depicts Okinawa, with the traditional starvation food sotetsu (sago palm) symbolizing the poverty from which many immigrants hoped to escape. The foreground depicts Hawai'i, with the sugar cane symbolizing both the successes and disappointments Okinawan immigrants found. The ocean and sky pattern is adapted from a traditional Okinawan textile design. (Art by Wesley Kanetake.)
Uchinanchu is the term used by Okinawan immigrants and their descendants in Hawai'i to identify themselves as an ethnic group distinct from the Naichi of Japan's four main islands. Though Japanese, linguistic and cultural differences as well as their late arrival in the Islands made the Uchinanchu targets of Naichi prejudice in the past. Pressure from without and determination from within the group caused Hawai'i's Uchinanchu to pull together with pride in the face of adversity.
"They (mainland Japanese) thought that Okinawans were of a different race. They thought that the Okinawans had tails. There was a lady sitting in front of me and when I stood up, she said, 'Ay, oru same' (All same). After, I realized they don't know what it was like in Okinawa." —Baishiro Tamashiro
Some 25,000 men, women, and children left their impoverished Okinawan homeland between 1900 and 1924, hoping for a better life in Hawai'i. Their early experiences were marked by hard, lean years on sugar and pineapple plantations. In this book, eightyand ninety-year-old issei, first-generation immigrants, describe through interviews what it was like to pull up roots in their homeland and make new lives in the Islands.
"We used to mix Japanese and Hawaiian with hand gestures to talk to the luna (foreman) and other people. The Portuguese luna used to speak a little Japanese. 'Niban (number two) dis you ditchee,' and the luna would pantomime with his hands and feet what we were supposed to do. We somehow managed to communicate." —Seichin Nagayama
The story of the gradual development and progress of the Okinawan community is unfolded through articles on labor, religion, culture, business, agriculture, government, son (village) clubs, and community-wide organizations.
"At that time, and even now, farmers from mainland Japan didn't dance as often as Okinawans. We danced often. Naichi sang songs but were amateur dancers. At any party — if it was an Okinawan party — people danced." —Toden Higa
Uchinanchu: A History of Okinawans in Hawai'i supports and promotes pride in the culture, history, and contributions of Okinawans in Hawai'i. It also adds another chapter to our understanding of Hawai'i's rich, diverse, multi-ethnic heritage.
"After seventy years I feel there's no better place than Hawai'i. When we first came, we didn't think we could stay very long. But after all, the place one stays is the best. Everyone who comes back from Okinawa finds it is still depressed compared to Hawai'i. Life is good here." —Tsuru Yamauchi
- Chinen, Shigeo, 79, pineapple plantation worker, store order-taker
- Higa, Toden, 93, gardener, nursery worker, sugar plantation worker
- Hokama, Chokame, 82, pineapple plantation foreman, sugar plantation worker
- Hokama, Tsuru, 76, homemaker
- Kakazu, Hashiji, 89, liquor maker, sugar plantation worker, writer
- Kaneshiro, Kame, 96, charcoal maker, farmer
- Kina, Matsu, 81, farmer, store clerk, sugar plantation worker
- Kochi, Chosoku, 82, store order-taker, store owner
- Nagayama, Seichin, 91, brewery worker, doctors assistant, sugar plantation worker
- Nakamoto, Tokushin, 98, farmer, goat and pig seller, sugar plantation worker
- Oshiro, Choki, 89, sugar plantation worker, laundry worker, hospital waiter and orderly, insurance salesman, bank employee, laborer, accountant
- Oshiro, Tokusuke, 79, sampan bus driver, sugar plantation worker, beancurd shop owner
- Tamashiro, Baishiro, 93, store owner, sugar plantation worker
- Teruya, Kosuke, 83, pineapple plantation worker, sugar plantation worker
- Yamauchi, Tsuru, 90, cook, sugar plantation worker, restaurant and beancurd shop owner
- Kodama-Nishimoto, Michi, research coordinator


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Pythiales is an order of oomycetes which contains many important plant pathogenic fungi. Many species are soil-borne and invade their host through the roots. The order is closely related to the Peronosporales, the downy mildews. The separation between both orders is mainly based on their genetic structure.
The following genera are currently entered under Pythiales:


Mitigate & Remediate – Don't Skip Either in Incident Response
As security professionals, we hear about mitigation and remediation on a daily basis. However, these are terms that are commonly confused with each other.
As security professionals, we hear about mitigation and remediation on a daily basis. However, these are terms that are commonly confused with each other. In incident response, Mitigation is to minimize the damage of the threat; it is the first thing you do when you realize you have a problem. Remediation happens when the threat is eradicated, and the goal is to get things back to the way they should be.
For example, if there is a compromised device on a network, a mitigation measure could be to block the connection between the compromised asset and their command and control center. A remediation measure would be to identify the malware and clean up the machine. The issue arises when, due to the abundance of threats, we may be overlooking how critical the remediation step really is, and its long-term effect if we skip it. By avoiding the remediation step, security teams are inadvertently allowing thousands of infected devices to make continuous attempts to contact adversarial infrastructureeven if those contacts are interrupted, the attempts will continue. Mitigation alone could make teams believe that the problem is solved when it is only giving them a false sense of security. Let's explore why mitigation is not enough on its own.
 1. Mitigation is only the first step: Mitigation should be used as a way to gain time but not as an end itself. Depending on your cyber defense, blocking, isolating, or shutting down may be enough to prevent damage and give your security team time to eliminate the threat.
 2. Mitigation generates a false sense of security: When you block malware connections or isolate a compromised asset it is normal to feel that your organization is now secure. But what happens if by mistake someone in your team changes the firewall rules, or the malware contacts a new C&C that is not blocked, or if a global situation, like the COVID19 pandemic, forces all your employees to change location overnight?
 3. Mitigation should be part of a containment strategy: According to NIST "containment strategies vary based on the type of incident. For example, the strategy for containing an email-borne malware infection is quite different from that of a network-based DDoS attack". That means that you need to design your containment strategy based on each type of attack and take into consideration factors such as potential damage, evidence preservation, service availability, and more.
Which is better: mitigation or eradication in incident response?
Both. You need to mitigate to gain time and eradicate to ensure that the compromise cannot affect the organization. Your goal in the eradication phase is to eliminate all components of the incident (eg: deleting malware or disabling breached accounts) and identify and block the entry points of the compromise to avoid the same compromise in the future if possible.
With Lumu it is easy to see if the compromise has been eradicated. You can go to Activity, search for the specific compromise, and see when was the last contact. If you see a contact after it was eradicated there are 2 possibilities. Either it was not effectively eradicated from the affected machines, or it managed to affect new machines.
Screenshot from the Lumu portal of Activity Details used for mitigation and remediation in incident response
Another critical step that is often forgotten is the post-incident activity. In this phase, it is crucial to identify the lessons learned during the incident response phase, so as to avoid similar compromises in the future. You can use the NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide to understand more about this process.
You should not choose mitigation or eradication. You must do both as they are part of the incident response process. Mitigation is like taking a pain pill, and eradication is curing what is actually causing the pain.
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10 Unexpected benefits Surya Namaskar give to your Body
10 Unexpected benefits Surya Namaskar give to your Body
Surya Namaskar steps has benefits extend to long term extraordinary changes in your body. With its multiple rounds, the body organs start to work effectively. It starts to vanish most of the symptoms of diseases at initial days.
Lets define it. Surya Namaskar consists of two words: Surya and Namaskar.
Practicing this dynamic yoga exercise, which comprises 12 yoga postures. All helps long term changes in physical, mental, spiritual, and social domains of health for the concerned practitioner.
This wonderful practice revitalizes the whole body. It proves to be an excellent source to extract the maximum benefits from subsequent asanas, pranayama, and meditation.
Sun salutation is the single yoga exercise that impacts all the organ systems of the body. The rounds can be practiced at any time of the day. It helps to restore vitality, excellent antidote for stress & depression thus greatly help to overcome emotional disturbances.
10 Major benefits of Surya Namaskar steps
The consistent practice of surya namaskar has long term benefits to your body. Thus, a round of 108 poses consolidates enriching changes in the body.
Surya namaskar poses change your body
1. Sun salutation step enhances skin beauty:
One can perform Sun salutation for beauty, healthy and glowing skin. Surya Namaskar is an effective means of having beautiful skin and a fair complexion.
As it makes the person sweat profusely, which ensures the removal of accumulated toxins through the skin, thus Surya Namaskar helps in preventing pimples and boils.
2. Prevents hair fall
3. Weight Loss:
Moreover, Surya Namaskar has more long term benefits to your lifestyle.
4. Improves digestion:
This practice alternately stretched and compressed the body organs including the stomach. Surya Namaskar imparts better massage to the digestive system and encourages to work efficiently.
As a result, it stimulates peristalsis of the intestines and removes waste products from the body.
5. Smooth kidney functions due to Surya Namaskar poses:
Regular practice of Surya namaskar encourages the kidney to work efficiently, which also leads to the filtration of blood through these organs.
6. Good for heart:
The multiple rounds of Surya Namaskar increase the heartbeat and the working of the whole circulatory system. It is good to remove waste products from the body and ensures efficient human heart function.
7. Improves lungs function:
The practice of this Sun salutation module helps in the optimum utilization of the lungs and the respiratory system.
As a result, the lungs completely emptied from impure air and the brain gets fresh oxygen, which makes the person full of energy and vigor.
8. Corrects hormonal imbalance
As a result, hormones level in your body changes.
9. Tones the nerves and nervous system
Surya Namaskar steps tones up all these muscles and nerves and awakens the brain centers.
10. Surya Namaskar helps in muscle loosening
It means, the expansion and contraction of muscles help in the redirection of impure blood to the kidney and the lungs.
Therefore, this is the best module for the loosening of muscles and removes stiffness from the body and considered as the best possible exercise that seeks healthy living.
In Conclusion
The sedentary lifestyle has resulted in an unhealthy lifestyle. In this Yoga plays an important role in balancing hormone levels, ageless skin, preventing seasonal diseases, etc.
So, a complete round of Surya namaskar will benefit your whole body. Keep it doing it under the guidance of a yoga instructor.
Stay healthy and blessed!


Why Airline Food Sucks
As long as there has been commercial flight, the quality of in-flight meals has gotten a bad rap. Here's what airlines are doing to solve the problem.
As long as passengers have been flying, they've been disappointed by the quality of in-flight meals. But why? After 90 years of commercial air flight, why haven't airlines been able to design menus that can survive the scrutiny of diners at 30,000 feet? Is it because airline food really sucks, or is it because we just think it sucks? In truth, it's a little of both. But airlines are making surprising strides to fix both.
Even before you take into account the other practicalities that come into play when you try to feed people in a pneumatic tube 30,000 feet in the air, a meal you serve on an airplane will always taste worse than a meal served on the ground. "When you travel at a high altitude, your sense of taste isn't the same as it is in a restaurant," says Peter Wilander, managing director of onboard services at Delta. The reasons for this primarily have to do with humidity... or, rather, a lack thereof.
The cabins of airplanes are pressurized with an extremely low humidity level of just 4%, largely to reduce the risk of internal corrosion; the only humidity in an airplane cabin comes from other people's breath. The problem with low humidity, though, is it causes our sinuses to close. This is why you always feel as if you have a slight cold when you fly. Simultaneously, the low humidity dries your food out quicker than it happens on the ground. Since smell and moisture are such important aspects of the way we taste things—consider the way an apple tastes like a potato when you hold your nose, or how steaks are more flavorful when cooked rare than well-done—airplane food has a star subtracted from it from the Zephyr Zagat guide from the get-go just because of cabin air quality.
But preparation is also a major issue. According to Wilander, Delta serves more than 9 million in-flight meals every year. None of these meals can be cooked on-board: there's simply no room for a working kitchen, let alone a staff to man it. Instead, every meal served on an airplane is prepared ahead of time, chilled or frozen, and then warmed back up in on-board convection ovens. For economy passengers, this means mass-produced meals that are frozen and then reconstituted. Even in business class, the meals being served aren't fresh. While each meal will have been individually prepared by a catering company at the airport instead of mass-produced and purchased in bulk, a business-class customer can still look forward to a meal that is at least several hours old before it has been served. Delta is hardly alone in this: in fact, this is the standard for the entire airline industry. Why? Because it's the only practical solution to the problem of in-flight service.
But there are psychological issues at play that make airline food taste worse to us, too.
"In-flight meals have always been just as much about staving off boredom as hunger," says Guillaume de Syon, a professor of history at Albright College. Ever since the days of airships, when zeppelins like the Hindenburg would slowly float across the Atlantic on long three-day trips, meals have been used to distract passengers from the crushing monotony of flight. When there's nothing else to do but sit in a chair and look at the back of someone's head, meals become something to look forward to. But their faults also become something to scrutinize. The result is that even the best airline meals have a hard time holding up to the critical eye of bored, stuffed-up passengers at 30,000 feet.
"It's unfortunate, because the airlines are really between a rock and a hard place when it comes to food," de Syon says. "Passengers look forward to meals on long flights, but they're also more disappointed by what they are served than they would be on the ground."
Dehydration. Preparation. Boredom. These are the things that make airline food suck. So what can be done about them?
When it comes to the problem of humidity, airlines have tried to design their menus around issues of dehydration and reduced sense of taste for decades. Airlines have tended to embrace entrees with a lot of sauce to account for the lack of humidity in-cabin. Through the 1970s and 1980s, in-flight meals tended to also be much saltier than they are today, because saltiness is a taste that is undiminished when our sinuses are closed. As the public became more concerned about sodium intake, though, making in-flight meals saltier to liven up a meal's otherwise environmentally diminished taste has fallen out of favor. Instead, a big trend in airline menus is Indian food, a cuisine that favors the combination of moist sauces with enough spices to blast right through a passenger's walled-up sinuses.
In the last couple of years, they have been some other interesting experiments in improving the quality of airline food. In 2011, UK celebrity chef Heston Blumenthal tried to tackle the problem of reduced taste sensations by teaming up with British Airways and designing a new business-class menu. At first, Blumenthal tried to convince passengers to snort a sinus-clearing nasal spray before they ate, but when that solution proved unpopular, he discovered another taste that traveled well to 35,000: umami, the savory taste imparted by things like sardines, mushrooms, soy sauce, and seaweed. The result was a recipe for shepherd's pie with seaweed in the crust that tastes just as good on the ground as it does in the sky.
According to Wilander, chefs like Heston Blumenthal are incredibly important to the future of in-flight cuisine, which is why Delta is increasingly teaming up with celebrity gourmets, like Iron Chef Michelle Bernstein and Michael Chiarello to plan their business-class menus. And Delta's not the only ones: other airlines that have approached famous chefs include Qantas, American Airlines, Air France, Qatar, and more.
"Airline food has always been a kind of cliché, because it's simply not the same quality you get on the ground," Wilander says. "That's why we're working with talented chefs, people who have proven first and foremost that they have an intellectual curiosity about food, who are willing to roll up their sleeves and try to solve the unique challenges that come with trying to serve restaurant-quality food at 30,000 feet."
De Syon agrees. "Celebrity chefs are absolutely making a difference," he says. And as an added bonus, they are helping to solve the boredom problem by getting people more excited by their in-flight meals as well.
Yet at the end of the day, the biggest improvements to the quality of airline food will likely have nothing to do at the end of the day with celebrity chefs, newly discovered tastes, or even convincing people to start snorting nasal spray. It is technology that is most likely to improve the experience of in-flight dining. New planes like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner feature improved cabin pressurization systems that not only make passengers feel healthier, but improve cabin humidity up to 15%. That's a fourfold improvement in humidity that makes it all the more likely that your sinuses will stay open in-flight. Simply put? On newer planes like the 787, food will just taste better.
Not that any of this, at the end of the day, is likely to stop people bellyaching. "Look at the conditions most of us endure to travel. We spend hours driving to the airport, waiting to check-in, being questioned by security, sitting uselessly on the tarmac or hightailing it between gates," de Syon says. "Airline food might not be great, but it's getting better, and we should give airlines a break. After all, the real reason we're grumpy isn't because of what we're being served in the air. It's what is being served on the ground."
Add New Comment
 - I like airline food a lot. However, I recognize there are some caveats to my opinion. I'm in the under-30 cohort (and as Louis CK stresses, I'm just happy to be in "a chair in the sky) who lives in Turkey. So, I'm always taking international flights. The last time I remember being served a meal on a flight in the US was in the 90s.


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Lunch Seminar Mathematics & Statistics (LSE) - 2020/2021
Interviene: Marcella Mazzoleni, Università di Bergamo
Link: aula virtuale Teams
The joint models analyse the effect of longitudinal covariates onto the risk of an event. They are composed of two sub-models, the longitudinal and the survival sub-model. For the longitudinal sub-model, a multivariate mixed model can be proposed. Whereas for the survival sub-model, a Cox proportional hazards model is proposed, considering jointly the influence of more than one longitudinal covariate onto the risk of the event.
The purpose of the work is to extend the estimation method based on a joint likelihood formulation to the case in which the longitudinal sub-model is multivariate through the implementation of an Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm which maximises the joint likelihood function, using Newton Raphson update and Gauss-Hermite quadrature rule.
The goodness of fit is tested using some diagnostics elements, such as the estimated survival function and the residuals for both survival and longitudinal sub-models, for instance longitudinal, martingale, deviance, and Cox-Snell residuals. Moreover, dynamic predictions are implemented for the survival and longitudinal sub-model, updating the survival function and the longitudinal trajectories at later points in time.


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For decades, astronauts have been forced to endure space-friendly MREs and dehydrated foodstuffs, though we understand both the quality and the options have increased with time. But if we're serious about long-term space travel, colonizing Mars, or actually having a restaurant at the end of the universe, the ability to bake and cook from raw ingredients will become necessary. This zero-gravity culinary adventure might as well start with a delicious experiment, and what better than chocolate chip cookies for the maiden voyage?
The vessel in question is the Zero-G Oven, built in a collaboration between Zero-G Kitchen and Nanoracks, a Texas-based company that provides commercial access to space. In November 2019, Nanoracks sent the Zero-G oven aloft, where it waited a few weeks for the bake-off to kick off. Five pre-formed cookie dough patties had arrived a few weeks earlier, each one sealed inside its own silicone baking pouch.
The Zero-G Oven is essentially a rack-mounted cylindrical toaster oven. It maxes out at 325 °F (163 °C), which is enough heat for Earth cookies if you can wait fifteen minutes or so. But due to factors we haven't figured out yet, the ISS cookies took far longer to bake.


load as few drivers
 as possible. Some definite things to EXclude are memory
 managers (HIMEM, EMM386, QEMM, etc.) and network drivers
 (e.g. LSL, IPXODI). DOOM doesn't need the former, and the
 latter will probably conflict with the packet driver. We
 recommend that you prepare an alternate configuration
 (using the multiple configuration facility built into MSDOS; see your DOS manual for details) specifically for
 Internet DOOM with a CONFIG.SYS portion containing only a
 FILES=20 line, and an AUTOEXEC.BAT portion containing
 only the line "prompt=$p$g". Be sure to include the line
 which loads your mouse driver (if you play DOOM using a
 Step 1: Set up the packet driver. If you do not
 already have a suitable packet driver installed on your
 machine, now is the time to install one. Start by
 determining your ethernet card's IRQ setting, it's base
 I/O port setting, and it's memory address setting (if
 any). You should be able to determine this by looking at
 the card itself and consulting the user manual. You'll
 need some if not all of this information, depending upon
 which packet driver you use and/or type of hardware you
 have (for example, some IBM computers with the
 MicroChannel bus can determine the settings on the card
 automatically without you having to supply them on the
 packet driver command line). Unzip the appropriate driver
 from Crynwr Packet Driver collection archive. In our
 example, the packet driver is called SMC_WD.COM. By
 looking at the jumpers on the card and consulting the
 is at segment d800h. For this example, I have chosen to
 use interrupt 60h for the packet driver. Packet drivers
 typically operate on an interrupt in the range of 60h to
 80h inclusive; since nothing else in my sample system
 happens to be using the first available interrupt (INT
 60h), I chose that. Thus, to load my packet driver, I use
 the command line
 SMC_WD 0x60 0x7 0x300 0xd800
 where 0x60 is the packet driver interrupt, 0x7 is the IRQ
 setting on the card, 0x300 is the I/O port base address,
 and 0xd800 is the memory base address (NOTE: all numbers
 are in C-style HEX notation). Don't worry if you don't
 understand what all this stuff means - as long as you use
 the correct numbers, your packet driver should work.
 NOTE: If your PC is currently part of a Novell network
 (e.g. Netware, Netware Lite, Personal Netware) the
 parameters you need can be found in a file called
 NET.CFG, usually located in your \NOVELL, \NWLITE or
 \NWCLIENT subdirectories (along with all the other
 drivers needed by Novell). Add the proper command line to
 the AUTOEXEC.BAT for your iFrag configuration so that the
 packet driver will be loaded automatically whenever you
 boot using the iFrag partition.
 When successfully loaded, the packet driver should
 give a sign on message and report the ethernet address of
 your NIC when you load it. Chances are that if your NIC
 has been functioning properly for other tasks (e.g. as a
 node on a Novell network) then you'll have no problems
 here. If not, or if there are any error or warning
 messages, something is wrong. One possibility is that one
 of the settings on your NIC is in conflict with those of
 another expansion card in your system. No two cards can
 have the same IRQ, I/O port, or memory address settings,
 nor can the memory areas of two cards overlap. Whatever
 the cause, you'll need to find and correct the problem
 before continuing.
 Step 2: Set up a new directory where iFrag and all
 its configuration files will be kept. You can name this
 directory anything you like (I suggest c:\iFrag). UnZIP
 the idoom20.zip file into this new directory, and make it
 the default (chdir to it). We will refer to this
 directory as the "iFrag directory."
 Step 3: Set up your WATTCP.CFG file. Your WATTCP.CFG
 file contains important parameters used by the WATTCP
 TCP/IP kernel built into iFrag. These values MUST be
 entered correctly if you wish to make a connection with
 another DOOM PC. In preparation for this, you'll need
 several bits of information. Contact the network
 administrator for your site and find out the IP address
 for your machine, the IP address for your gateway or
 router, the IP address of at least one Domain Name Server
 local to your site, and your netmask value. The three IP
 addresses will each consist of four groups of digits
 separated by periods. In our example, the machine's IP
 address is, the gateway is, the
 netmask is, and the nameserver address is NOTE: it is important to use the numeric
 have other Internet programs currently installed on your
 machine, such as a Gopher client or the Trumpet
 newsreader, you can probably find the information you
 need in the configuration files used for those programs.
 If the application is based on the Waterloo TCP package,
 it will have it's own WATTCP.CFG, in which case you can
 simply copy it over to your iFrag directory. When you
 have collected all this information, use your favorite
 ASCII text editor to edit the WATTCP.CFG file in your
 iFrag directory. Edit or add the lines beginning with
 my_ip=, gateway=, nameserver=, and netmask=. On our
 example machine, the WATTCP.CFG file looks like this:
 Save the changed file and exit back to DOS.
 Some sites run what is called a BOOTP server. If
 yours is such a site, you can put "BOOTP" on the "my_ip="
 line and leave the other lines out. iFrag can contact the
 BOOTP server and determine all the settings it needs to
 communicate with other machines on the Internet. If your
 site is not running a BOOTP server, then your task is a
 little more difficult (but not impossible!)
 If you know your machine's IP address, but you can't
 determine the other values, you can often get away with
 some educated guesswork. For instance, the gateway for a
 subnet usually has an IP address ending in.1, as is the
 case with our example. Thus, if your IP address is
 xxx.yyy.zzz.www, try setting your gateway's IP address to
 xxx.yyy.zzz.1. As for the subnet mask, a common value for
 this parameter is In some cases, the
 gateway value can be something like xxx.yyy.1.1 with a
 corresponding netmask value of - if one
 doesn't work, it can't hurt to try the other. Finally, if
 you don't know your nameserver's IP address, you can
 probably get by without it for the purposes of DOOM
 playing. Since you'll be specifying IP addresses for all
 of your opponents' machines, a nameserver lookup won't be
 necessary to resolve their addresses.
 Step 4: Test your TCP/IP setup. Reboot your machine
 and select your new iFrag configuration. Next, use your
 network diagnostic programs to test the connection. For
 example, if you are using the WATTCP application suite
 mentioned earlier, unzip the TCPINFO and PING programs
 from the WATTCP apps archive into your iFrag directory.
 At the DOS prompt, type:
 and press the key. If your WATTCP.CFG values are
 set up correctly, and if your packet driver and net
 connection are functional, you'll see a couple of screens
 of information about your system, including your ethernet
 address and the parameters you specified in the
 WATTCP.CFG file.
 If everything looks OK, the next step is to use the
 PING program to attempt to establish contact with your
 subnet gateway. At the DOS prompt, type
 PING
 and press the key. After a brief delay, you
 should see a message telling you that the host is
 responding, as well as the round trip time for PING's
 test packets. If you see the "Timeout" error message,
 then something is wrong with your setup; if your PC is
 unable to reach your gateway, it will be unable to reach
 the rest of the Internet as well, since all network
 packets which


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Whole blood and serum blood are two different substances commonly used to determine the blood alcohol content of a person. Both come from drawing blood from someone although serum blood is more heavily processed. You will want to understand the differences between whole blood and serum blood especially in relation to blood alcohol content testing.
Understanding Whole Blood
Whole blood means that the sample that was drawn has not been unnecessarily processed. The blood that is drawn by a technician is technically whole blood. One major difference is that the vial used to collect whole blood will contain a small amount of an anti-clotting agent. This agent stops the blood that was drawn from clotting and turning into a thick substance that cannot be tested or processed. Another difference is that whole blood contains less water than serum making it thicker.
Understanding Serum Blood
Serum blood is drawn in the same way as whole blood. The difference is that there is no anti-clotting agent in the container holding the blood. This means that the blood will begin to clot relatively quickly. The blood is placed onto a centrifuge and spun around. This causes the blood in the container to start to separate. The denser clotted areas move the bottom of the container. A lighter yellowish liquid forms on the top. This thin liquid is called the serum. Serum is not as thick as whole blood. It contains more water. The serum can be extracted from the container and then used for testing with special equipment.
Differences in Testing Techniques
Whole blood and serum blood are tested for alcohol or other substances in different ways. Whole blood is fed into a specific type of machine that extracts the blood alcohol content quickly. Serum blood is tested using different equipment. Only the serum is tested. This is because many of the pieces of equipment used for blood alcohol testing are unable to handle the density of whole blood. The serum is preferred in some cases because it moves more easily through the equipment. One issue is that the higher water content of serum blood provides elevated blood alcohol readings when compared to whole blood. This means the results of a serum blood alcohol test need to be adjusted by around 18 percent in order to get results that are more accurate.
Challenging the Results
There are many ways to challenge the results of both whole blood and serum blood tests in court. Serum blood tests can be challenged because of the number used to adjust the results. This number of called the conversion factor. The factor might not be accurate. Another way to challenge the results is to look at the certifications of the lab. Labs must be individually certified for both whole blood and serum blood testing. If the lab does not have the certification for the type of test performed, then the test might not be valid. Challenging the state and accuracy of the equipment is common as well since contamination and small mistakes could artificially increase the blood alcohol content reported. It is important to talk to a lawyer when whole blood or serum blood tests are performed.
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