The Proposal to Muffle NASCAR Race Cars
Last week, Adam Stern broke a story that NASCAR is considering 15 to 20 potential changes that would help increase the fan base. They've already implemented race segments and we've heard talk about shortening race weekends from three to two days.
Stern's article says that one of the ideas on the table is making race cars quieter so that fans can talk to each other and socialize more during races. He notes that many stick-and-ball sports now offer places where people can stand around and congregate during games instead of (as he puts it) "Being restricted to a standard seat".
Stern notes that, if this went ahead, the change would be done gradually and in a way that allowed NASCAR to evaluate the impacts on the racing and the fans. In other words, a way to tune the sound so that it's "just right". Not too loud for the sensitive millennials unable and not too soft for the existing, aging fan base.
Why Are Race Cars So Loud?
Race cars don't have mufflers.
The reason to eschew mufflers is not so the cars will be loud. It's because the way mufflers work slows down the airflow out of the engine. You can't put air into the engine until the air from the last cycle is exhausted. If you slow down the exhaust, you slow down the combustion. There's a real correlation between sound and speed. Historically, racers realized that mufflers made their cars slower. Therefore, mufflers have no place on race cars.
How Loud Are They?
Research indicates that the maximum noise level a person should experience for an 8-hour shift is 85 dB. Noise exposure is always reported in terms of a sound intensity level and a time you're exposed to it.
The louder the sound, the shorter the time you should be hearing it. You use the graph below by identifying the sound level you're going to be experiencing on the bottom axis, then follow it up to the line and read the maximum time you should be hearing it off the left axis. You can hear a sound of 95 dB for four hours safely, a sound of 100 dB for two hours and 105 dB for 1 hour.
Note that this graph only goes up to 115 dB because you shouldn't be exposed to noises louder than this! That's why you should always wear earplugs at the track.
The Data
We all know tracks are noisy, but there are people who study noise and they've actually measured how noisy tracks are in a way that goes far beyond pulling out a sound meter at the start of a race. NIOSH (the National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health) is the government organization charged with researching and developing safety standards for workplaces. (Disclosure: I have collaborated with NIOSH researchers, but in nanoparticles, not sound.)
In 2000, NIOSH researchers went into a race shop and to Bristol to measure noise levels. The report and paper were followed up in 2010, where they measured noise levels at three tracks: Kentucky, Indy and Bristol. It is worth looking at the papers, if only to read how they describe a race weekend in the highly technical, specialized language of scientific journals.
The figure below the average readings over an entire race – including cautions and crashes and such – in front. The back bars are the maximum readings. They measured in the stands, the infield and the pit area. Bristol is always included in studies like this because it represents the worst case in terms of sound: It's entirely enclosed and small. Even so, the average measurements are about the same. Note that peak measurements can be higher. Noises at 150dB have been measured at Bristol, but those are for really short times.
The next graph shows the average numbers for the first 100 minutes of three races, measured in the infield/pit area. I include that to give you an idea of how much the volume changes over the course of a race. Bristol is, indeed, louder when at the loudest and only drops to 100 dB in the quietest times during the race.
The NIOSH researchers found that, at the track, the noise reaches an unsafe level (meaning permanent hearing loss is likely) during a race:
 - In less than a minute in the car
 - In less than two minutes in the pits and infield
 - In 7 to 10 minutes in the stands.
This is why it is so important to wear ear protection at the track — and if you have kids, it's especially important. Most drivers' kids on pit road before the race are wearing over-the-ear headphone. Their parents know.
How Much Quieter Are We Talking?
Dale Earnhardt, Jr. (on Episode 164 of his Dirty Mo podcast) states that NASCAR is looking at decreasing the sound level of the cars from 120 dB to 90-100 dB. To understand what that magnitude of a decrease would mean requires understanding dBs.
dB stands for decibel, the unit that measures sound intensity level. The dB was adapted in the 1920s to quantify signal loss in long-distance telephone transmissions. The Bel was named in honor of Alexander Graham, but it turns out that the Bel is too large a unit for everyday use, so we use the deciBel – which is 1/10 of a Bel.
dBs are strange units. I've mentioned before that they are logarithmic — not linear. When you go from 10 dB to 20 dB, you're not increasing the sound intensity by 10: you're multiplying the sound intensity by 10.
 - When you go from 60 to 70, you increase the sound intensity by ten times.
 - When you go from 70 dB to 80 dB you make the sound intensity another ten times more. 80 dB is a hundred times more than 60 dB.
 - 90dB is a thousand times more than 60dB.
Decibels Don't Measure Loudness
Sound intensity measures the power of the sound wave. But you are not a sound meter. Your ears are incredibly complex things. Your brain is even more complex. How loud a sound appears to you is dependent on many things.
 - Frequency. We hear some frequencies better than others. Our ears are optimized for frequencies around 2000 – 4000 Hz. A noise in that frequency range will appear louder than a noise with the same sound intensity that is outside the range.
 - How many frequencies are in the sound and how closely they are spaced.
 - Duration. We perceive noises as becoming louder with time up to about 1 second. The longer you listen to a sound, the more your ears adjust to it. This is why racing headphone companies tell you to start with the volume at zero and gradually raise the volume to the lowest level you can hear.
 - Dissonance. Think of how you perceive a crash vs. a concert. How much we 'like' a noise affects how loud we perceive it to be,
 - Your mood. There's a psychological component to loudness.
So the problem is that you can't really convert 'dB' to loudness. Loudness is a psychoacoustical term, meaning that it is dependent on physical parameters we can measure (sound intensity, frequency and duration) — but it is also dependent on psychological things inside your head that we cannot measure.
You'll see people cite a rule of thumb that so many dB = half the loudness. The problem is that not everyone agrees what this number is. You'll find people saying an increase of 3dB or 6dB or 10dB means that the loudness doubles. Here's the way I understand it, based largely on arguments made on this website.
 - If you double the power, you increase the sound intensity level by 3dB
 - If you double the sound pressure, the sound intensity level increases by 6dB
 - If you double the loudness, the sound intensity level increases by 10dB.
The first two of these are things you can actually measure. The last of these is not measured. It is something psychoacousticians have told us.
Psychoacousticians don't all agree. Because they can't measure the number directly, they infer it from the measurements they can make.
If I brought you a cake and told you the ingredients that went into it, you could probably describe what the cake tastes like without tasting it. You've inferred something about the cake's taste without actually tasting it.
Since we can't open up your brain and see what's going on, we have to infer thing. How many dB equals an increase in loudness is inferred. So some psychoacousticians claim that an increase of 6dB doubles the loudness. Others claim the number is 10dB. There is no consensus.
And if a group of people who have spent their lives studying this phenomenon can't come to an agreement, I'm certainly not going to answer it. So let's try something else.
What Would It Sound Like?
Since dB is not an intuitive quantity, we often use examples of things to communicate an idea of what each decibel level means. The graph below pulls together data between 60 dB (ordinary conversation) and 160 dB (a stun grenade: It's very hard to find everyday examples of 160dB). I've colored the NASCAR-related sounds in orange.
To get an idea, therefore, of what the proposed sound changes would be like, just look at what's down the


text:
Students with developmental disabilities come to college for the same reason that other college students do:
- to further their education
- to develop life long friendships
- to develop career opportunities through practicums
- to gain independence
- to create life enriching experiences
|How it works|
Participating students audit courses so there's flexibility to set a suitable individual learning pace, set individual goals, complete adapted course assignments and exams, complete practicums and also allow time for taking part in campus life.
Staff work closely with both students and instructors, to ensure that the students' inclusion in the classroom and campus life is successful and is a positive experience for everyone involved.
The initiative runs year-round. Students are encouraged to find work in the summer and receive support from Initiative staff to ensure students experience success.
|History of Inclusive Post Secondary Education|
Alberta has more inclusive post-secondary initiatives and more experience with inclusive post secondary education than any jurisdiction in the world. Inclusive post secondary education is defined as facilitating the inclusion of students with developmental disabilities in regular programs of study and campus life.
Initiated by families with the support of advocates in 1987, the University of Alberta became the first university to offer inclusive post secondary education. Since then, with the support of Alberta Association for Community Living and the provincially funded Persons with Developmental Disabilities (PDD),18 post-secondary institutions across the province now offer inclusive educational opportunities to students with developmental disabilities.
In the past 20 years students have taken a variety of programs at colleges and universities across the province. This has included golf operations management, personal trainer, digital arts and media, animal health technology and nursing.
|For more information, contact:|
If you or someone you know are interested in learning more about this initiative, please call:
|Filling out an Application? 2 Tips|
If you are applying to take a Lakeland College program through the inclusive education initiative, please use these 2 tips when filling out your application form.
Please use the paper application, instead of applying online. They are available at student services at both Lakeland College campuses, or from our apply now page.
|They Experienced Live the Learning|
Post-secondary inclusion has proved to be a successful experience for two Lakeland students and others at the college.
Student Erin Acton began her studies in the event coordinator program in the fall of 2007. Her long term goal is to be self-employed and to own a business. Jessica Morrell, a student in the animal health technology program, also began in 2007 and wants a career working with animals.
Both Erin and Jessica receive instructional supports from Jill Applegate, post-secondary inclusion coordinator at Lakeland. Working with program chairs and faculty, Applegate supports students to identify learning objectives for labs and assignments and makes modifications so that the students' course work aligns with their career goals. She also helps facilitate volunteer opportunities for Erin and Jessica so that they develop relationships with others outside of the classroom.
"The cooperation of the program chairs and faculty have made the learning experiences for Erin and Jessica, as well as for other students and myself, very positive," says Applegate. "They've been great to work with."
Program faculty also note other dynamics that have developed as a result of having Erin and Jessica in their classes.
Dr. Terri Rowat, animal health technology program chair, says her students have been able to develop an appreciation of different learning styles and patience with each other.
Laurie Harris, an instructor in the event coordinator program, adds that her classes have also benefited from being involved with the inclusion project as it has demonstrated that experiences at the college level help to expand opportunities for all students.
In March the Alberta Association for Community Living recognized Lakeland College with an award for its support of post-secondary education and its two students. While the award is greatly appreciated, Applegate emphasizes that the real reward is seeing the students learn new skills that will help them to successfully prepare them for careers in their chosen area.
"Everyone who has been a part of this experience has learned a lot about what it takes to make post-secondary inclusion work. It takes everyone working together," says Applegate.
Photos - Above Right: Erin Acton works at the registration table at the So You Think You Can Salsa fundraising event held in February. Left: Dr. Terri Rowat instructs Jessica Morrell about how to position a cat for an x-ray during a radiology lab at the Vermilion campus.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
6.1.1 Based on the core functionality implemented within the application, understand the broad requirements for access control in terms of vertical segregation (different levels of users have access to different types of functionality) and horizontal segregation (users at the same privilege level have access to different subsets of data). Often, both types of segregation are present. For example, ordinary users may be able to access their own data, while administrators can access everyone's data.
6.1.2 Review your application mapping results to identify the areas of functionality and types of data resources that represent the most fruitful targets for privilege escalation attacks.
6.1.3 To perform the most effective testing for access control vulnerabilities, you should ideally obtain a number of different accounts with different vertical and horizontal privileges. If self-registration is possible, you can probably obtain the latter directly from the application. To obtain the former, you will probably need the cooperation of the application owner (or need to exploit some vulnerability to gain access to a high-privileged account). The availability of different kinds of accounts will affect the types of testing you can perform, as described next.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The CEW Research Archive is an information resource developed by the Dunspaugh-Dalton Community and Educational Well-Being Research Center (CEW). The CEW has as its purpose the creation of new knowledge and the training of the next generation of leaders, researchers and change agents in the field of Community and Educational Well-Being. Sponsored by the Dunspaugh-Dalton Foundation, and housed at the University of Miami's School of Education, the CEW is committed to promoting individual, interpersonal, institutional, and community well-being. We do this by studying the educational, psychological, physical, and social determinants of well-being, by training leaders in these areas, and by building capacity in the community for risk prevention and transformational practices.
The CEW Research Archive has been created to provide access to literature and other media that support understanding and knowledge acquisition in all aspects of Community and Educational Well-Being. As the CEW Research Archive grows it will become a resource for the general public, practitioners, students and specialized researchers interested in issues of individual, relational, educational and community well-being. A glossary found on the CEW website defines the terms used in the classification adopted as the primary subject arrangement for materials added to the CEW Research Archive
supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of _URL_


text:
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE COORDINATOR
Reports to: Direct Reports
Date: August, 2022
The Accounts Receivable Coordinator will aim to maximize the collection efforts at Chair-man Mills (CMM) while building a long-term business relationship with clients. The successful candidate will play a vital role in credit and collection activities of a rapidly growing company and will be responsible for coordinating with Finance team for effective cash management. He/she will ensure that all clients' issues are resolved in a timely fashion to expedite the collection. The candidate must be comfortable in a rapid decision-making environment and will understand the factors that drive the changes and potential growth within the business.
Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform these essential functions.
- Responsible for creating and maintaining credit history files.
- Analyzing and assessing the creditworthiness of account/client using external credit risk management reports/tools.
- Supporting the collection efforts/calls for accounts receivable portfolio.
- Documenting daily collections activities.
- Researching account disputes, billing discrepancies and resolve them in timely fashion.
- Performing account/payment reconciliations.
- Updating all contact information on an ongoing basis.
- Responding to credit inquiries from external and internal clients.
- Identifying delinquent accounts requiring external collection efforts.
- Identifying bad debt or financial exposure.
- Perform other duties as required or assigned from time to time
- Owns shared responsibility to create and maintain a safe, healthy workplace culture and a work environment in which all individuals are treated with respect dignity, and where workplace violence, harassment and bullying are not tolerated from any person in the workplace by acting in compliance with applicable legislation and company safe work procedures and practices, as required by applicable company policies.
- Ability to adapt to a changing environment and meet deadlines.
- Ability to analyze business process and maintain internal controls.
- Intermediate knowledge of MS Office – Excel, Outlook.
- Proven ability to influence change and effectively lead collection activities.
- Capability to lower the company DSO.
- Excellent communication, interpersonal and time management skills.
Required education and experience
- Bachelor's degree in accounting or finance
- 1-2 years credit and collection experience
Please note this job description is not designed to cover or contain a comprehensive listing of activities, duties or responsibilities that are required of the employee for this job. Duties, responsibilities and activities may change at any time with or without notice.


text:
Watch a HUJI Talk with lawyer and researcher Dr. Renana Keydar of the Hebrew University's Faculties of Humanities and Law. Today, as atrocities are committed across the globe, from widescale slavery in Africa to the decimation of the Syrian people to the persecution of the Uighers in Asia, the desire and need for justice is greater than ever. In this talk, Dr. Keydar explains her vision for how digital humanities can help us bring justice for the victims of mass atrocities.
Dr. Renana Keydar was driven to explore new paradigms of justice in our digital world after serving as the legal advisor in the High Court of Justice Department of the State Attorney's Office and seeing the limits of the law, and also partly from having three grandparents who were Holocaust survivors.
She takes us on a journey through several cases where atrocities were prosecuted, and how using digital tools can empower a new understanding of the victims' experiences and the outcomes of trials.


, then the datadir variable value is used.
This option is ignored if an explicit --relay-log is specified.
type: time
How long mk-slave-prefetch should run before exiting. The default is to run forever.
Prefetch secondary indexes for pipelined queries.
type: string; default: /tmp/mk-slave-prefetch-sentinel
Exit if this file exists.
type: string; default: wait_timeout=10000
type: time; default: 1s
Sleep time before checking for new events.
When mk-slave-prefetch is done reading all the events in a relay log, it sleeps this amount of time before checking for new events.
This option is automatically set to zero if both --relay-log and --dry-run are specified.
short form: -S; type: string
Socket file to use for connection.
Print execution statistics after exiting. The statistics are in two sections: counters, and queries. The counters simply count the number of times events occur. You may see the following counters:
 NAME MEANING
 mysqlbinlog Executed mysqlbinlog to read log events.
 events The total number of relay log events.
 not_far_enough_ahead An event was not at least L<--offset>
 bytes ahead of the SQL thread.
 too_far_ahead An event was more than L<--offset>
 + L<--window> bytes ahead of the SQL thread.
 too_close_to_io_thread An event was less than L<--io-lag> bytes
 away from the I/O thread's position.
 event_not_allowed An event wasn't a SET, USE, INSERT,
 UPDATE, DELETE or REPLACE query.
 event_filtered_out An event was filtered out because of
 L<--permit-regexp> or L<--reject-regexp>.
 same_timestamp A SET TIMESTAMP event was ignored because
 it had the same timestamp as the last one.
 do_query A transformed event was executed
 or printed.
 query_error An executed query had an error.
 query_too_long An event was not executed because its
 average query length exceeded
 query_not_rewritten A query could not be rewritten to a
 master_pos_wait The tool waited for the SQL thread to
 catch up.
 show_slave_status The tool queried SHOW SLAVE STATUS.
 load_data_infile The tool found a LOAD DATA INFILE query
 and unlinked (deleted) the temp file.
 could_not_unlink The tool failed to unlink a temp file.
 sleep The tool slept for a second because the
 slave's SQL thread was not running, or
 because it read past the end of the log.
After the counters, mk-slave-prefetch prints information about each query fingerprint it has seen, two lines per fingerprint. The first line contains the query's fingerprint. The second line contains the number of times the fingerprint was seen, number of times executed, the sum of the execution times, and the average execution time over the last --query-sample-size samples.
Stop running instances by creating the --sentinel file.
type: int; default: 2
Number of concurrent threads to use for pipelining queries.
type: string; default: /dev/null
Where to create temp files for LOAD DATA INFILE queries. The default will cause mysqlbinlog to skip the file and the associated LOAD DATA INFILE command entirely.
If mk-slave-prefetch sees a LOAD DATA INFILE command (which it won't if this is left at the default), it will try to remove the temporary file, then skip the event.
short form: -u; type: string
User for login if not current user.
Show version and exit.
type: size; default: 4k
The max bytes ahead of the slave mk-slave-prefetch should get. Defines the window within which mk-slave-prefetch considers a query OK to execute. The window begins at the slave SQL thread's last known position plus --offset bytes, and extends for the specified number of bytes.
If mk-slave-prefetch sees a log event that is too far in the future, it will increment the too_far_ahead counter and wait for the slave SQL thread to catch up (which increments the master_pos_wait counter). If an event isn't far enough ahead of the SQL thread, it will be discarded and the not_far_enough_ahead counter increments.
Watching the mentioned statistics can help you understand how to tune the window. You want mk-slave-prefetch to run just ahead of the SQL thread, not throwing out a lot of events for being too far ahead or not far enough ahead.
 MKDEBUG=1 mk-....
For a list of known bugs see
Baron Schwartz, Daniel Nichter
This manual page documents Ver 1.0.21 Distrib 7540 $Revision: 7531 $.


text:
STARR RANCH GROWERS CANNING TIPS FOR WHOLE CHERRIES
SWEET OR TART VARIETIES
- It will take approximately two to two-and-a-half pounds of cherries for each quart of fruit desired to can.
- Wash and stem cherries. Remove pits if desired or can with pits in.
- Cherries may be canned in water, sugar syrup, or juice such as apple or white grape.
- The easiest way to can cherries is raw pack. Pack cherries tightly in sterilized jars to a half-inch from top. Add hot liquid to jar leaving a half-inch headspace.
- Remove air bubbles with a plastic knife, wipe rim with clean cloth and adjust the lid. Process in a boiling water canner – pints and quarts for approximately 25 minutes.
- Label jars with a pack date once they have completely cooled. Also refer to canning procedures in your favorite canning guide.
OVERVIEW | DRYING | FREEZING | JAMS


text:
Lam·bert \ˈläm-ˌbert\ (audio pronunciation) Johann Heinrich (1728–1777),
German mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Largely self-educated, Lambert investigated geometry and astronomy, doing so by means of instruments which he himself designed and built. He also made significant contributions to the knowledge of heat and light. In 1760 he demonstrated for the first time how to measure quantitatively the intensity of light. The cgs unit of measurement for light intensity, the lambert, is named in his honor.


Question: How Is Worship Used In Music?
Why worship song is important?
Songs are the fundamental building blocks of our worship services.
They are the tools with which we help our people see, savor and sing to Jesus.
The stronger our songs, the more vividly we can paint the nature and character of God, and the more passionately our people will respond in worship..
What is the function of worship?
The basic function of worship—the establishment and maintenance of the relation between human beings and the holy—includes many facets. The relation between the holy and the earthly has, however, a noteworthy ambivalence. On the one hand, human life is enriched and renewed through ever closer relations with the divine.
What is the purpose of Song of Songs?
The literal subject of the Song of Songs is love and sexual longing between a man and a woman, and it has little (or nothing) to say about the relationship of God and man; in order to find such a meaning it was necessary to resort to allegory, treating the love that the Song celebrates as an analogy for the love …
What God says about music?
Musical ability is within the hearts of every believer. Sing and make music from your heart to the Lord (Ephesians 5:19). There's an incredible beauty and connection between the spirit of believers with the Lord and each other in music. Songs of worship and praise can well up in the soul in times of joy and sorrow.
Why is music important to Christianity?
From Catholics to Jehovah's Witness, music plays an important role in Christian worship and services. Christian music expresses one's personal and communal belief in Jesus Christ and His teachings. It is a way for believers to express their praise, love, and devotion for God.
What does the Bible say about worship music?
Scripture-Focused Songs: Colossians 3:16 "Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God."
Does God sing in the Bible?
(John 13:25). God wants you and me to hear His heart beating with love for us. … He will rejoice over you with singing: We don't often think of God singing, but He does – and He sings over His people. This is how much joy and delight we give to the Lord – that He breaks into song!
How is music used in worship?
Admonishing – singing hymns and songs helps Christians to correct one another as they examine their lives against the words they sing. Praising – songs and hymns help Christians to worship God and thank Him for the good things He has done for them.
What is worship through music?
Worshiping through music changes and transforms us. It inclines our hearts to God in ways other forms can't accomplish. Worship strengthens us, convicts us, builds us up, and even restores us. In other words, when we sing and devote our whole selves to God, something godly happens within us.
Is music a gift from God?
Music is ultimately from God, and when we sing or play our music for His glory, we are extending our gifts and talents as a dedication and offering to Him. Music is more than a study. It is the stewardship of a God-given skill and a means of giving back to He who has blessed us in many ways.
What is sacred music How can music affect worship?
Sacred music has a unique ability to engage both body and mind. It brings people together in expressing gratitude, praise, sorrow and even protest against injustice.


Can I leave ripe red tomatoes on the vine until I'm ready to use them?
How long do they stay good on the vine?
Will picking them cause them to go bad faster or does it make any difference?
It really depends on the variety. Some can stay on the vine for a long time after they're ripe (how long they can stay on is known as hang-time), and some have to be picked as soon as they're ripe. How picking affects the matter also seems dependent on the variety, as well as how ripe the fruit is when you pick it. It seems to me that if you pick them when they're still green they last longer after ripening. They don't have as much of a chance to split, crack, get eaten by wildlife and such, either, but this may affect the flavor.
When you pick tomatoes, some kinds are harder to pick than others (or take more force to pull off). For those, I recommend snipping them with scissors so you don't damage the plants or the fruit. Some tomatoes will come off very easily (either because the stem separates from the larger stem easily or because the calyx separates from the fruit easily. Even in this case, though, leaving the stem on can improve storage capacity and other things.
Some tomatoes are more prone to splitting and cracking than others, and this can affect the hang-time and the shelf-life.
You might be interested in RIN tomatoes (which stay firm/crisp even when fully ripe) and storage tomatoes, like Long Keeper. High anthocyanin tomatoes also have potential for increased shelf-life.
Some people prefer extremely ripe tomatoes (whether ripened indoors or on the vine), but I generally don't like then so ripe, since they get really soft and juicy; they lose their acidic flavor; they sometimes taste more like chlorine (to my tongue). I prefer to pick them either as soon as they ripen or within a few days, depending on the breed.
Here's a list of a few examples of how tomato breeds differed, for me: Black Beauty has great shelf-life and great hang-time. Fruits could be left on the vine for a really long time, and they'd stay good in storage for a really long time. Galapagos Island, however, can stay good on the vine for a decent amount of time (and progressively gets a deeper color long after ripening), but it's very prone to splitting when I pick it. Paul Robeson in 2014 for me would burst into liquid, if left on the vine more than a day after ripening, but if picked in good time had probably a regular shelf-life. Some varieties like Burpee Gloriana crack easily and can go bad easily for this reason. Some tomatoes look like they'd keep well, because they're firm and flawless, but they don't.
My source for terminology is just forums and other websites I've used for the last few years (people say hang-time in that context).
Stores and forums are another general source of information (not just for terminology).
I agree with Stormy about picking the tomatoes sooner than later if you want a bigger harvest. The same goes for okra and many peppers.
I have mixed feelings about what Stephie said about refrigeration. On the one hand, she's right (you don't have to do it, they do often keep a good while unrefrigerated, and the taste can be much improved). On the other hand, it really depends. Tomatoes can sometimes (not always) taste better (or at least different, in subjective ways) if refrigerated. I thought Valencia tasted better refrigerated, anyhow. For other varieties, there's a certain taste and texture that refrigeration can impart, and it may or may not be what you're looking for (in my case, I was looking for it, at times). Tomatoes will ripen a lot more slowly in the refrigerator, too, whether or not they stay good longer (so if you don't want them over-ripe, and you want to store them a while, keeping them cooler should help). However, they may be prone to contracting fruit rot pathogens in the refrigerator, due to produce that may have gone bad in the past in the refrigerator (so, a cold storage area like a cellar is probably much better for long-term storage).
Regarding Graham Chiu and Stormy's discussion:
Tomatoes are tender perennials often grown as annuals. Some kinds of tomatoes will grow and fruit continually (indeterminates are supposed to do this, although in my experience some are more prone to fruiting continually than others), and some will stop and die after the first wave (these are usually determinate, but not all determinate tomatoes do this). (Some kinds will do other things.)
I'm of the opinion that those that would die after the first wave will live and eventually fruit again if you prune them after harvest, though, provided they're healthy. As far as heat influencing ripening goes, I've heard often that it can hamper ripening, but I personally think something else that just often corresponds with the heat, is responsible instead, since I've seen tomatoes ripen just fine in very hot temperatures (and I've seen them struggle, too). The time of the season seems to impact ripening more than the temperature (same for green onion growth, if you harvest the greens and leave them to grow back), but I'm not sure what causes it. In my area, ripening and production seem to speed up considerably in mid August, which is usually when the temperature falls a few notches, but yeah, it can be hot then, too, and the garden still improves. I kind of feel like it's something about the sun.
 - Great answer, Shule. The Potato Cellar is a constant 40-50 degrees. Cool. I think it is also the constancy of the temperature. I had beautiful tomatoes that were definitely a RED tomato get so much heat those tomatoes turned YELLOW. Still tasty but...cooked? They were hot to pluck from the plant. I think cool and dark and constant cool temperature, lots of ventilation is the best place for tomatoes to ripen. Dehydrating is my favorite way to preserve tomatoes. (I am so dang lazy)! Just would love to have tomatoes and peppers year after year on the same plants without disease... – stormy Oct 3 '18 at 21:28
Once they are red or ripe get them off the vine/bush! This promotes MORE fruit setting, ripening. Keep them cool and eat them sooner than later. Don't put in the refrigerator. Keep apples and bananas away from other vegetables or flowers you don't want them to ripen or die quickly.
 - 1
 I am not so sure about this one. I plucked red tomatoes (beefsteak) off my plant and was very anxious to taste them. I found two issues. One the skin was think and the tomatoes were a bit sour. So, I was wondering if I picked them too early. Not an easy answer I guess – JStorage Jul 14 '16 at 21:45
 - Taste has so much to do with watering, heat waves, cold nights/warm nights and then culling your tomatoes. Which ones are ripe enough (green tomatoes are fine for frying but not tasty if they ripen), keeping your tomatoes shaded!! That is why there is so much vegetative growth on tomatoes, to shade the fruit (not the plant). Beef steak is big and ok for flavor but it'll never win taste awards. Course I am very, very picky with tomatoes. I dehydrate most of mine and holy mole!! YUMMMM. Oh, the thick skin is a trait of tomatoes that don't split as much. Found in commercial varieties. – stormy Jul 15 '16 at 1:00
 - 1
 You don't necessarily have to keep tomatoes in storage cool, but it might be the best thing to do if you're not sure how your specific tomatoes will handle storage. I think it depends a lot on the growing conditions, what temperatures they store well in, but that's a hypothesis. Keep them dry, though. – Brōtsyorfuzthrāx Oct 8 '17 at 4:48
Tomatoes are climacteric fruits so undergo a burst of respiration at the time of ripening, and then will continue to ripen after being removed from the vine. If the temperature is too hot ( over 85 deg F), this can inhibit the ripening process so you can remove the fruit and let it ripen inside instead which might give you a 5 day headstart.
However, your question is about fruit already ripe, and most people seem to think that vine ripened fruit have higher sugar levels. It shouldn't get more sugar from the vine once it's ripe so likely will make very little difference if you leave them on the vine.
 - Yet there is a basic rule for plants, especially annuals. Get the flowers/fruits off and the entire plant will react by becoming larger and more vigorous. Annuals, once they've produced seed will happily die. Get the flowers and get those tomatoes off the plant and the plant will last and produce longer!! That is a fact! – stormy Jul 16 '16 at 21:47
 - Tomatoes are not annuals – Graham Chiu Jul 16 '16 at 22:03
 - Yes they are in most zones, sweetie. Sure they can go on and on but have you ever raised a tomato plant for more than a year? They are so fraught with disease, temperature, nutrient needs...I can't imagine keeping one around longer than a year


text:
Invasive and Potentially Dangerous Trees
Updated: Jun 21
Did you know that these commonly spotted trees may cause damage to your home, property or animals! Give this a share to help warm other homeowners of the threats these trees may cause.
This popular tree was once first used for a decorative piece in gardens but has sense spread outside of the marked boundaries and has spread rapidly. The beautiful bright pink flowers attracts many nectar loving insects and animals but once the bloom dies the pods contain a toxin that is very harmful to animals.
Tree of Heaven
This tree grows well in poor soil which gives it the opportunity to thrive alone roadsides. This causes our roadsides to be come over crowded with plant life making it hard to see past curves or see any wildlife that may be trying to cross the road. The seeds to these plants are light and fly through the air spreading quick. These trees hold no significant benefits for nature thus meaning that to reduce the invasive properties they hold and potential threats we suggest removing them.
Bradford Pear Tree
It is not secret that these trees not only have a foul smell but can cause a lot of damage to homes if not cared for properly. Bradford Pear Trees have brittle limbs and have the tendency to break which if over a home or deck may be problematic. We can help with your Bradford Pear tree removal even if the tree may be in a tough and difficult spot.


text:
Function and Applications
With the ultrasonic echoscope the basics of ultrasound and its wave characteristics can be demonstrated. Terms like amplitude, frequency, sound velocity or Time Gain Control (TGC) will be explained.
The cylinder set can be used to vividly demonstrate reflection as well as sound velocity and frequency depending on attenuation in solid state materials.
The knowledge e.g. regarding sound velocity will be used to measure the test block.
The principles of image formation from A-scan to B-scan can be explained. With the different probes the frequency-dependent resolution can be evaluated.
- The Ultrasonic echoscope is a highly sensitive ultrasonic measuring device designed to connect to a personal computer or simply to an oscilloscope
- The supplied software enables an extensive signal processing (RF-signal, amplitude signal, B-scan, M-mode, spectral analysis).
- The ultrasonic probes are connected by robust snap-in plugs. The probe frequency is recognised automatically by the measuring device.
- By adjusting the power transmission and gain the ultrasonic signal can be tuned to nearly every arbitrary object of investigation.
- The loss of intensity of the ultrasonic signal from deeper layers of investigation is balanced by a time-dependent amplification (TGC time-gain control).
- Threshold, start and end point or slope can be chosen freely.
- Important signals (trigger, TGC, RF signal and amplitude signal) are available at BNC outputs.
- Freely configurable measuring ranges (time of flight and/or depth).
- Selectable sampling rates of 10, 25, 50 or 100 MHz.
Equipment and Technical Data
- Ultrasonic echoscope
- Ultrasonic probe 1 MHz
- Ultrasonic probe 2 MHz
- Ultrasonic test block
- Ultrasonic cylinder set
- Ultrasonic test plates
- Ultrasonic gel
- Size: 230 x 236 x 168 mm
- Frequency: 1 - 5 MHz
- PC connection: USB
- Measuring operations: reflection and transmission
- Transmitter signal: 0 - 300 V
- Transmitter power: 0 - 30 dB
- Gain: 0 - 35 dB
- TGC: 0 - 32 dB, threshold, slope, width, start
- Outputs: trigger, TGC, RF signal, A-scan
- Main voltage: 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz
- Power of electricity: max. 100 VA


CKEditor Samples
CKEditor Samples
Basic Samples
Replace textarea elements by class name
Automatic replacement of all textarea elements of a given class with a CKEditor instance.
Replace textarea elements by code
Replacement of textarea elements with CKEditor instances by using a JavaScript call.
Create editors with jQuery
Creating standard and inline CKEditor instances with jQuery adapter.
Basic Customization
User Interface color
Changing CKEditor User Interface color and adding a toolbar button that lets the user set the UI color.
User Interface languages
Changing CKEditor User Interface language and adding a drop-down list that lets the user choose the UI language.
Magicline plugin
Using the Magicline plugin to access difficult focus spaces.
Full page support
CKEditor inserted with a JavaScript call and used to edit the whole page from to .
Inline Editing
Massive inline editor creation
Turn all elements with contentEditable = true attribute into inline editors.
Convert element into an inline editor by code
Conversion of DOM elements into inline CKEditor instances by using a JavaScript call.
Replace textarea with inline editor New!
A form with a textarea that is replaced by an inline editor at runtime.
Advanced Samples
Data filtering and features activation New!
Data filtering and automatic features activation basing on configuration.
Replace DIV elements on the fly
Transforming a div element into an instance of CKEditor with a mouse click.
Append editor instances
Appending editor instances to existing DOM elements.
Create and destroy editor instances for Ajax applications
Creating and destroying CKEditor instances on the fly and saving the contents entered into the editor window.
Basic usage of the API
Using the CKEditor JavaScript API to interact with the editor at runtime.
XHTML-compliant style
Configuring CKEditor to produce XHTML 1.1 compliant attributes and styles.
Read-only mode
Using the readOnly API to block introducing changes to the editor contents.
"Tab" key-based navigation
Navigating among editor instances with tab key.
Using the JavaScript API to customize dialog windows
Using the dialog windows API to customize dialog windows without changing the original editor code.
Using the "Enter" key in CKEditor
Configuring the behavior of Enter and Shift+Enter keys.
Output for Flash
Configuring CKEditor to produce HTML code that can be used with Adobe Flash.
Output HTML
Configuring CKEditor to produce legacy HTML 4 code.
Toolbar Configurations
Configuring CKEditor to display full or custom toolbar layout.


text:
What is backend processing?
Backend processing is so common you're probably unaware it has a name.
A common example of backend processing is the take-out restaurant. The
clerk taking your order is not the person filling that order.
The clerk passes the order to a kitchen manager.
The kitchen manager separates the order into
its component parts (meat, potatoes, vegetable) and places each
component request into a queue for processing by a separate cook.
As each cook finishes a dish, the cook places the
dish into a sack and then fetches the next request from the queue.
When the order is complete, the kitchen manager
passes the sack to the clerk who gives it to you.
The benefits are:
- Efficiency -- The order is filled in parallel. All
components are cooked simultaneously.
- Scalability -- During heavy loads, the kitchen manager can
easily add more cooks exactly where they are needed.
- Simplicity -- Each cook only needs to understand one type
of dish. A veggie cook doesn't need training in meat.
Front-end processing is the way most software operates.
- The clerk (GUI or command line parser) cooks (single threads) one
component at a time (linear programming.)
- When the first component finishes cooking (computing), the second
- The next order may not start until all components of the prior order
The disadvantages are:
- Inefficient -- The order is filled linearly. Nothing can
move until the component ahead completes.
- Expensive -- The only way to process more orders is to hire
and extensively train more clerks. (Often called "throwing hardware at
- Complex -- Each clerk must know all aspects of the system
(human interface, accounting, all component cooking skills, etc.)
Some developers try backend processing without the kitchen manager.
They create threads (cooks) with no central management. They soon discover
- They are overwhelmed with threads
- The thread create/destroy overhead degrades processing
- Abnormally terminating threads have no recovery
- Common storage cannot be shared among threads
- Some functions need timing while others need autonomous processing
- The list goes on and on.
Backend software development with Tymeac™
is like the well run restaurant.
Tymeac™ is the kitchen
manager. The cooks are separate, single purpose threads. Your applications
are efficient, scalable and simple.


text:
Depth range (m): 0 - 4.8
Depth range (m): 0 - 4.8
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Elminius modestus
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1
Elminius modestus is a species of barnacle in the family Balanidae, native to Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand, but now spread to Britain and the north west coasts of Europe. It reaches a maximum size of about 10 millimetres (0.39 in) in diameter.
Distribution and habitat
E. modestus originated in Australia and was first seen in British waters, in Chichester Harbour, during the Second World War. It was believed to have arrived on the hulls of ships, or possibly the larval stages travelled in bilge water. It has become very common in southern England and Wales and is spreading northwards, but the spread may be limited by the temperature of the sea. It is found on the upper middle shore and is tolerant of low salinity levels where fresh water enters the sea. It avoids exposed positions. It had reached the Scottish Borders by 1960 and Shetland by 1978. It is found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe from Gibraltar to Germany.
E. modestus is a suspension feeder. It has feathery appendages which beat rhythmically to draw plankton and other organic particles into the shell for consumption. Eggs are laid and develop into nauplius larvae which are released into the phytoplankton. These then develop into cyprid larvae which later settle and cement themselves onto a rocky substrate.
In the British Isles, E. modestus competes with Semibalanus balanoides, whereas in southern Europe it also competes with Chthamalus spp. It is particularly successful because it grows fast, tolerates reduced salinity, has a lower temperature tolerance than Chthamalus spp and a higher tolerance than Balanus spp. It is also a threat to native species because it reaches maturity in its first season and can produce several broods of larvae per year. It has an extended habitat as it grows both high up the shore and in the neritic zone.
- WoRMS (2011). "Elminius modestus". World Register of Marine Species. _URL_ Retrieved August 17, 2011.
- John Barrett & C. M. Young (1958). Collins Pocket Guide to the Sea Shore. p. 91.
- D. J. Crisp (1958). "The spread of Elminius modestus Darwin in north-west Europe" (PDF). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 37 (2): 483–520. doi:10.1017/S0025315400023833. _URL_
- K. Hiscock, S. Hiscock & J. M. Baker (1978). "The occurrence of the barnacle Elminius modestus in Shetland". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 58 (3): 627–629. doi:10.1017/S0025315400041278.
- H. Barnes & M. Barnes (1966). "Ecological and zoogeographical observations on some of the common intertidal cirripedes of the coasts of the western European mainland in June-September, 1963". In Harold Barnes. Some Contemporary Studies in Marine Science. Allen & Unwin. pp. 83–105.
- "Shore life". Encarta Encyclopedia 2005 DVD.
- E. Bourget (1987). "Barnacle shells: composition, structure, and growth". In Alan J. Southward. Crustacean Issues 5: Barnacle Biology. pp. 267–285. ISBN 90-6191-628-3.
- H. Barnes & Margaret Barnes (1960). "Recent spread and present distribution of the barnacle Elminius modestus Darwin in north-west Europe". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 135 (1): 137–145. doi:10.1111/j._PHONE_.1960.tb05836.x.
- "Elminius modestus". Marine Advice. Joint Nature Conservation Committee. _URL_ Retrieved August 17, 2011.
EOL content is automatically assembled from many different content providers. As a result, from time to time you may find pages on EOL that are confusing.
To request an improvement, please leave a comment on the page. Thank you!


text:
Roosters are important birds in Japanese culture, associated with the Sun Goddess Amaterasu, and in general their cry is believed to herald the dawn, the beginning of a new day. In Zen art, the rooster's cry reminds us, "Every day is a good day." Brushed by Eigen Ryoten, Yuho's Zen-master name.
Seki Yuho was born in Fukuoka. He became abbot of the major Zen temple Eigenji in 1956, and frequently traveled overseas to give instruction in Zen. Yuho wrote a number of books, including one entitled Die Once, and You Won't Die Again. He was a proflic Zen artist, both calligraphy and painting.


text:
Classic foot race. Robots have to run at the sound of the starting gun. Fastest robot wins.
Bipeds must have only two legs for this competition. Feet may be no longer than 1/5 of total robot height. Robot must a reciprocal linear mechanism for locomotion. If this mechanism is driven by a rotary motor, reversal of the direction of the mechanism (as required for up/down or forward/back motion) must require reversal of the motor. In addition, the actuator in contact with the floor must move backwards and forwards with respect to center of gravity of the robot. CamBots are precluded.
Robots race from starting line to finish line. Number of robots per race will be determined by total number of entrants. Fastest time wins.


text:
Dr. Russel Sobel introduces eight economic principles in this overview of the most fundamental economic concepts. View clips from the first 4 principles: opportunity cost, rational decision making, the importance of incentives and decisions made at the margin. These video clips are from the Free the World! Economics Seminar held at the Independent School in Wichita, Kansas, in the summer of 2005. The links below take you to Google Video clips or Quicktime video. -- Greg Rehmke
Dr. Sobels's Eight Principles of Economics video was recorded by Economic Thinking at the Free the World! Independent schoolseminar in Wichita, Kansas in 2005. The video is available for purchase at our website Store.
The Return to a Global Economy, Graduation Advice for the Global Economy
Economic Freedom of the World 2001 (FreetheWorld site)
Browse though our recommended books, videos, articles, and websites to find current and historical research on each topic.
Browse through our Economics in a Box 16-week curriculum for high school students.
Mark Skousen's new textbook, Economic Logic. Chapter One free!
Click here for more information on the great journalist and economist Henry Hazlitt.


ZOLL Kyma monitor
ZOLL Medical Corporation, manufacturer of medical devices and related software solutions, recently acquired Tel Aviv, Israel-based Kyma Medical Technologies, Ltd., a manufacturer of a wearable remote patient monitoring device that is used for chronic cardiac illnesses. The Kyma team will work with ZOLL's LifeVest division, which manufactures wearable defibrillators.
Kyma has a remote patient monitoring system called µ-Cor, which is used for fluid management for patients suffering from heart failure among other chronic illnesses. This system monitors level of fluids in lungs and also collects other critical health data including heart and respiration rate, activity, and posture using radio frequency based technology. The wearable part of the system is attached to the patient's torso. Proprietary algorithms help determine trends based on the vital signs for each patient. If the patient's condition deteriorates, notifications are sent to the patient's caregivers and health care providers. Timely information from the device helps with reducing hospital readmissions, improving care provided to the patient, and achieving better outcomes.
Wearable devices are being integrated in daily life for more than just fitness monitoring. Their rapid use in managing patients with chronic illnesses is likely to help with better manage patients and reduce healthcare costs. Acquisitions such as this are one sign of the consolidation that is inevitable in a rapidly-expanding market like wearables.


spherical fibration
Homotopy theory
homotopy theory, (∞,1)-category theory, homotopy type theory
flavors: stable, equivariant, rational, p-adic, proper, geometric, cohesive, directed
models: topological, simplicial, localic, …
see also algebraic topology
Paths and cylinders
Homotopy groups
Basic facts
A spherical fibration is a fiber bundle of spheres of some dimension (a sphere fiber bundle). Typically this is considered in homotopy theory where one considers fibrations whose fibers have the homotopy type of spheres; and this in turn is often considered in stable homotopy theory after stabilization (hence up to tensoring with trivial spherical fibrations) which makes spherical fibrations models for (∞,1)-module bundles for the sphere spectrum regarded as an E-∞ ring.
Every real vector bundle becomes a spherical fibration in the sense of homotopy theory upon removing its zero section and this construction induces a map from vector bundles and in fact from topological K-theory to spherical fibrations, called the J-homomorphism.
This is closely related to the Thom space/Thom spectrum construction for vector bundles.
In components
For XX (the homotopy type of) a topological space, a spherical fibration over it is a fibration EXE \to X such that each fiber has the homotopy type of a sphere.
Given two spherical fibrations E 1,E 2XE_1, E_2 \to X, there is their fiberwise smash product E 1 XE 2XE_1 \wedge_X E_2 \to X.
For nn \in \mathbb{N}, write ϵ n:X×S nX\epsilon^n \colon X \times S^n \to X for the trivial sphere bundle of fiber dimension nn. Two spherical fibrations E 1,E 2XE_1, E_2 \to X are stably fiberwise equivalent if there exists n 1,n 2n_1, n_2 \in \mathbb{N} such that there is a map
E 1 Xϵ n 1E 2 Xϵ n 2 E_1 \wedge_X \epsilon^{n_1} \longrightarrow E_2 \wedge_X \epsilon^{n_2}
over XX which is fiberwise a weak homotopy equivalence.
One consider the abelian group
Sph(X)Ab Sph(X) \in Ab
to be the Grothendieck group of stable fiberwise equivalence classes of spherical fibrations, under fiberwise smash product.
Classifying space
There is an associative H-space, G nG_n, of homotopy equivalences of the (n1)(n-1)-sphere with composition. Then BG nB G_n acts as the classifying space for spherical fibrations with spherical fibre S n1S^{n-1} (Stasheff 63).
There is an inclusion of the orthogonal group O(n)O(n) into G nG_n.
Suspension gives a map G nG n+1G_n \to G_{n+1} whose limit is denoted GG. Then BGB G classifies stable spherical fibrations.
As (,1)(\infty,1)-module bundles
Adams conjecture
The Adams conjecture (a theorem) characterizes certain spherical fibrations in the image of the J-homomorphism as trivial.
Gysin sequence
The long exact sequence in cohomology induced by a spherical fibration is called a Gysin sequence.
Rational homotopy type
See Sullivan model of a spherical fibration.
An original reference is
Treatment of the classifying space for spherical fibrations is in
 - James Stasheff, A classification theorem for fibre spaces, Topology Volume 2, Issue 3, October 1963, Pages 239-246.
Reviews include
 - Raoul Bott, Loring Tu, Chapter 11 of Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology, Graduate Texts in Mathematics 82, Springer 1982 (doi:10.1007/BFb0063500)
 - Howard Marcum, Duane Randall, The homotopy Thom class of a spherical fibration, Proceedings of the AMS, volume 80, number 2 (pdf)
 - Per Holm, Jon Reed, section 7 of Structure theory of manifolds, Seminar notes 1971pdf
 - Oliver Straser, Nena Röttgens, Spivak normal fibrations (pdf)
 - S. Husseini, Spherical fibrations (pdf)
In rational homotopy theory
Discussion in rational homotopy theory (for more see at Sullivan model of a spherical fibration):
Last revised on December 1, 2019 at 14:11:45. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.


text:
The purpose of the 'Linking Land Protection & Stewardship' project was to bring together conservation partners in key communities, identify common goals and seek opportunities for enhanced cooperation. The Ontario Farmland Trust along with the Ontario Stewardship and the Ontario Land Trust Alliance began the initiative in early 2012. A web-based survey was designed to gather information about current levels of collaboration among local land conservation groups was first distributed. Additionally, the survey was also intended to help identify challenges and opportunities relating to stewardship and securement of natural heritage and agricultural lands. The survey groups included stakeholders such as land stewardship organizations, land trusts, conservation authorities, municipalities, agricultural groups and farmers. Following the administration of the surveys, OFT co‐hosted six information and networking workshops in six different regions throughout Southern Ontario:
- Prince Edward County
- Perth-Huron Counties
- Niagara Region
- Wellington County
- York Region
- Halton Region
The workshops were intended to bring local conservation groups together to share information about each others' work and brainstorm opportunities for enhanced collaboration. The goal of this one‐year initiative were to:
- – Develop strong working relationships between OFT, stewardship organizations, local land trusts, conservation authorities, municipalities and other environmental and agricultural groups;
- – Enhance the ability of stakeholders to collaborate on common goals related to land securement, stewardship and conservation, and landowner outreach and education;
- – Strengthen awareness of land protection and stewardship options among farmland owneroperators and other rural landowners for agricultural and natural heritage lands.
This project provided a forum for meaningful dialogue between groups that previously lacked opportunities to discuss challenges, overlapping priorities and mutual interests. Workshops also provided a learning opportunity for those working in land protection and stewardship, particularly around the work of the Ontario Farmland Trust, the multitude of land securement tools available to them, and understanding how to build stronger relationships with the farming community.
Workshop participants shared over 100 unique recommendations for new or enhanced cooperation between conservation groups in their local communities. Despite variation in comments between geographic areas, common themes emerged that highlight substantial opportunities for expanded collaboration in the pursuit of common land conservation goals. The project was completed in February 2013.
This project was generously supported by the Ontario Trillium Foundation
(an agency of the Government of Ontario).


text:
Mitchell Springs: Water under the rock
Photo Courtesy of June Head
Mitchell Springs may be referred to as the first town site for the City of Cortez. The first in this series on Mitchell Springs in 1882 may be found in the January issue of Looking Back published by the Cortez Journal.
What prompted the Mitchell family to establish a trading post? W.L. Glenn, the Veterans Service Officer in Cortez did some research in the county records on Mitchell Springs and this is his report: "The springs are found under a rock - it was a large pit 8-by-10 foot deep where water collected. The springs had good drinking water but flow was not great. Across the creek west another spring was flowing." The original springs known as Mitchell Springs was located on the east side of the creek and was fenced off by a cedar pole fence. It was accessible by going down into the creek not too far off of County Road H and then up the creek to the springs. It was a favorite picnic area for the young people when they rode their horses in the spring's area and then let themselves down over the rock ledge by rope and saddle.
As previously mentioned, the town of Toltec was probably deserted about 1888 when the post office moved to the new town located on that "hill that no one wanted." Water was scarce in early Cortez. It was brought up from Mitchell Springs by wagon and tank. One source said it sold for 25 cents a bucket - another source said 50 cents a barrel. Many of the farmers and ranchers south of town hauled their water from Mitchell Springs and it was said they paid $1 per barrel for the water. The people in the new town and the surrounding area needed this water to survive.
At a local history seminar held in 1978, Nettie Ince Talcott Woodard mentioned she came to Cortez as a baby in 1909. This was her description of Mitchell Springs. People would go down to the springs if they were lucky enough to have a horse and a barrel to bring it up, and if not, you carried it from Market and Main Streets. They had a cistern there and there were men who would take big tanks and go down to Mitchell Springs and bring up water and put it in the cistern - then the townspeople would go up there and get a bucket of water. She said there was no charge for this water. She didn't know who the men were who hauled the water for the town. She said later the town got water by a three-mile-long wooden flume that went to a ditch that was near the old City Park on North Market. After the ditch came in almost everyone then had a cistern. They put up a flagpole at Main and Market where the original cistern was located and during World War I, everybody would go up and gather around the flagpole and sing songs and have a good time. People living in the new town of Cortez probably didn't do much washing of clothing. One of the first early day residents of Cortez said they wanted to have some trees planted - so they took their dishwater and wash water and watered the trees. Another later said they wanted trees so badly they planted them in buckets and put them out in front of the houses to grow in hopes that someday they would have water to use for trees, etc.
I mentioned families in that area that depended on the springs for their use. In 1915, two of the sons of Frank Greenlee were using burros to pull little sleds with wooden water barrels to haul the water. Many other families living in this area depended on the springs for their water. When the Irrigation Company (MVIC) came in, the ditches were used to fill cisterns to store the water.
In 1939 Charlie Blackmer obtained the 160 acres west of Mitchell Springs plus another 160 acres at the present site of Mitchell Springs. His sons, Joe, Frank and Fred said the springs on both sides of the canyon were used. It was their understanding the springs where the water was hauled from to Cortez was on the west side of the creek. People living in the valley used to come to the east side to get water. On this side, initials had been carved into the rock. There were roads on both sides of the wash and it was called the "cross-over road." There might still be evidence of the old wagon road in the rocks. In the area of the springs on the east side, the Blackmer boys found a lot of old army brass. The army probably camped at the site when the Mitchells had the trading post. It was reported the Mitchells were going to build a flour mill on this side where the road turns into the "Best Logs" as there was evidence of an old foundation there for years. Perhaps the water on this side caused them not to continue with the building. It has been mentioned there was a total of five springs in the area. Residents of that area mention "Poison Springs" where old car bodies were placed in the springs to prevent livestock from drinking the water. It is located on the lower southern edge of McElmo Wash just off of Road H. In past years this was the site of car accidents - some fatal - when they "didn't make the curve" on this road.
When I visited Mitchell Springs in 2000, the springs on both sides of the canyon were still flowing.
In the future, Montezuma County Historical Society would like to mark the location of the "first town site" by a sign and parking area. It is doubtful that the springs would be open to the public because of their location.
June Head is the historian for the Montezuma County Historical Society, and can be contacted for comments, corrections or questions at _PHONE_. All interested persons are invited to join the Historical Society.


text:
We know from experience and research that the best way to communicate to race and ethnic cultural differences is in their spoken language and using their preferred media consumption. Hispanic and Latino populations amount to 37.6% of our population showing an increase of 27.8% over 2000 Census. Asian Communities have increased to 13% which reflects an increase of 31.5%. African Americans comprise 6.2% of the California population with the slowest growth of 1.6% over the 2000 Census.
Our many state awarded contracts are proof that we know which regions have highers ethnic neighborhoods, and how we can successfully deliver results in reaching out the these various communities. In the Asian population alone we usually have a minimum of five languages for any commercial message.


text:
The government of Belgium is considering a proposal to legalize euthanasia for children and youth up to age 18.
The Flemish Socialist party, a member of Belgium's coalition government, has called for an extension to the country's euthanasia laws to give teenagers under 18 the right to choose assisted suicide, and parents of younger children the right to "choose" it for them.
Euthanasia was legalized in Belgium in 2002. Under the current law, a patient must be over 18, terminally ill and in constant suffering in order to qualify for euthanasia.
The country has considered extending the law to include children ever since the present law was first passed.
Last month the Netherlands announced it would allow the legal euthanasia of babies and children under 12 years. Dutch doctors admitted to the unauthorized killing of infants prior to the legislation; at least 15 babies were killed every year, many of them born with non-fatal genetic disorders.
(This article courtesy of LifeSiteNews.com.)


text:
Xcel Energy and ITC Midwest applied to the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission for a certificate of need and route permit for a proposed 345 kV transmission line running from the Huntley substation near Winnebago to the Wilmarth substation in Mankato.
As a third-party consultant for the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Barr prepared a draft Environmental Impact Statement that guided the state's route selection process for the proposed powerline. The EIS included evaluation of five route alternatives, 19 route-segment alternatives, and three alignment alternatives. Assessing the alternatives required conducting a technical review of a range of complex issues involving human-health impacts, property values, socioeconomic concerns, wetlands, wildlife, and threatened and endangered species.
To assist the public and regulators in comparing routes and understanding the advantages and drawbacks of each, Barr made extensive use of GIS technology. We developed a resource-data-analysis plan listing more than 100 spatial data sets, and then used GIS tools and custom Python scripts to quantify natural resources in and near the corridors being considered. The resulting graphics-based EIS featured multiple GIS maps and figures highlighting the issues most critical to routing.
The final EIS was made available in April 2019, and the route permit was issued by the PUC four months later. Construction began in spring 2020; the line is slated to begin delivering electricity by the end of 2021.


Palindrome Program in C
Palindrome number is a number which is the same number after the reverse of any number. There are many numbers which are palindrome number like 121, 131, 151, 34543, 48984, and etc..
How to write the Palindrome number program
There is an algorithm to write the palindrome number program in c programming language. See the below Palindrome number algorithm:
Step 1) Get input number from the end user.
Step 2) Hold that number in a temporary variable.
Step 3) Now reverse the number
Step 4) Compare the reversed number with temporary number
Step 5) If both numbers are same, then the entered number is a palindrome number otherwise entered number is not a palindrome number.
Recommended Posts:
Article Tags:,,,,,


text:
- For years, Wind River has provided reliable technology to NASA Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) for space exploration in the Mars Exploration Rover program and the Stardust Project, among others
- Stardust is the first U.S. space mission dedicated solely to the exploration of a comet, and the first robotic mission designed to return extraterrestrial material from outside the orbit of the Moon.
ALAMEDA, Calif. January 5, 2004 - Wind River Systems, Inc. (NASDAQ: WIND), the worldwide market leader in embedded software and services, today announced that the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory's (JPL) Mars Exploration Rover, Spirit, powered by Wind River technology, successfully landed on Mars at approximately 8:35 p.m. PT, January 3, 2004. Spirit is one of two twin robot geologists running on Wind River's industry leading real-time operating system (RTOS), VxWorks. The second twin, Opportunity, is scheduled to land on Mars on January 24, 2004. Once on Mars, Spirit will leverage Wind River's reliable technology to perform complex, mission-critical tasks, such as trajectory, descent and ground operations control, data collection and Mars-to-Earth communication relay.
In addition to powering the Mars Rovers, Wind River's technology also operates within NASA JPL's Stardust spacecraft. Stardust is the first United States space mission dedicated solely to the exploration of a comet, named Wild 2, and the first robotic mission designed to return extraterrestrial material from outside the orbit of the Moon. Today, Stardust will complete its four-year journey from Earth, arriving within 100 kilometers of the speeding nucleus of Wild 2 to collect dust samples from the comet's tail in order to help answer fundamental questions regarding the origins of the solar system. Wind River's VxWorks® real-time operating system (RTOS) is responsible for Stardust's flight trajectory and path, the collection of interstellar dust and cometary material, the journey back to Earth, and the safe landing of the return capsule.
"Successful missions don't just happen; they are the result of the hard work, dedication and technology of many different organizations," said Jerry Fiddler, founder for Wind River.
"For more than two decades, Wind River has had the honor to work with the inspirational people of NASA's JPL and we are continuously impressed by their space exploration projects such as the Mars Exploration Rovers and Stardust," said Jerry Fiddler of Wind River Systems. "As the founder of Wind River, I am personally proud that our reliable, secure real-time operating system has served as a key foundational technology for many aerospace organizations that shape the future of space exploration."
Since its inception in 1981, Wind River has been a trusted advisor in the development of aerospace and defense products. The company's reliable technology has successfully powered countless products in the reaches of our universe, including NASA's space "lifeboat," NASA's Deep Space One satellite, and the European Space Agency's PROBA satellite, among others.
The Mars Exploration Rovers and the Stardust missions are part of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA's lead center for robotic exploration of the solar system, which is managed by the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif.
To learn more about Mars Exploration Rovers, go to _URL_. To learn more about Stardust, go to stardust.jpl.nasa.gov. To learn more about Wind River's work in Aerospace and Defense, go to _URL_
About Wind River
Wind River is the worldwide leader in embedded software and services. It provides market-specific embedded platforms that integrate real-time operating systems, development tools and technologies. Wind River's products and professional services are used in multiple markets including aerospace and defense, automotive, digital consumer, industrial, and network infrastructure. Wind River provides high-integrity technology and expertise that enables its customers to create superior products more efficiently. Companies from around the world turn to Wind River to create the most reliable products and to accelerate their time to market.
Founded in 1981, Wind River is headquartered in Alameda, California, with operations worldwide. To learn more, visit Wind River at _URL_ or call Wind River at _PHONE_.
Wind River Systems and the Wind River Systems logo are trademarks of Wind River Systems, Inc., and VxWorks is a registered trademark of Wind River Systems, Inc. All other names mentioned are trademarks, registered trademarks or service marks of their respective companies.
Director, Global Communications


text:
NURS 6541 Week 3 Quiz
- A 9-year-old who weighs 70 pounds asks why she can't sit in the front passenger seat of the family car. Your best response is:
- Which of the following is a priority nurse practitioner role to help children and adolescents to have healthy sexual development?
- For adolescent girls, peak height velocity should occur by Tanner Stage (SMR):
- Which of the following statements regarding adolescent substance use is true?
- Which of the following statements about bullying is true?
- Which of the following screenings should adolescents have done annually?
- The mother of a 5-year-old informs you her daughter cheats when playing board games. What is the best response?
- A 12-year-old male states he noticed an enlargement of his testes and scrotum. When counseling him about the next step in pubertal development, you state:
- Which of the following issues or concepts is relevant to the school-age child?
- Appropriate anticipatory guidance for the parents of an 8-year-old girl includes:


text:
Impact of initial hospital diagnosis on mortality for acute myocardial infarction: a national cohort study.
Although diagnostic errors represent an important cause of preventable patient harm as well as a common and expensive source of malpractice litigation, they have received little attention until recently. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of common conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), occurs frequently. In this study, researchers sought to assess whether a correct initial diagnosis had an impact on the mortality of patients with AMI. They looked at a cohort of patients over 9 years across 243 acute care hospitals in England and Wales with discharge diagnoses of ST-elevation myocardial infarction and non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The authors concluded that almost a third of patients were initially misdiagnosed and that this was associated with increased mortality. A PSNet Annual Perspective discussed recent advances in thinking about diagnostic error.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
If I am trying to say "That problem that belongs to someone else," then what is the correct word to use in this sentence:
That is someone else's problem.
share|improve this question
Just a FYI, the spell checker that is missing the word is the one included with Firefox 6.0. – Scott Chamberlain Aug 31 '11 at 16:19
Putt knot yore tryst inn spill chequers. – Lunivore Aug 31 '11 at 16:30
4 Answers 4
up vote 11 down vote accepted
share|improve this answer
As an impecunious teenager, I always used to say my preferred cigarette brand was SE. By far the cheapest! – FumbleFingers Aug 31 '11 at 17:29
share|improve this answer
share|improve this answer
To say or write else's, or elses etc. is improper English. No matter how you look at it. However it is obviously considered to be accepted. Much like the word 'ain't'. Else's or elses' would be an equivalent'slang' usage of the word else. Rather than to say, "That is someone elses". The proper usage of the word would have to be phrased, "That belongs to someone else". No matter how accepted its usage is, no matter how many people know exactly what you mean when you use the slang form 'elses' or 'else's', it's simply incorrect. This is actually taught in grade school, say about 6th grade level. Of course I'm thirty now, so it could be being taught at an early grade. You can verify there is no such usage of the word else, other than as it is the word, else. Check with a New Websters Dictionary if you're ever in doubt. Most dictionary websites have plenty of broadly accepted slang words or slang usage of words. Websters dictionary is online as well. Here is the link _URL_
Simply visit that site and type 'else' in the search. If you understand what the word 'else' actually means, you'll find that it is one of those words that is very commonly miss-used, even without making it plural.
share|improve this answer
Also, check out this question on the Saxon genitive and the top answer to it by an actual linguist. Thanks. – RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:49
protected by RegDwigнt Aug 20 '12 at 18:50
Would you like to answer one of these unanswered questions instead?


text:
Sentences for beef. College students, readers, and those taking online classes might especially benefit from this page. The lines of text below use beef in a sentence, and provide visitors a sentence for beef.
- Antonia stood at the sideboard carving beef for him, and in the window sat Thea with her Persian kitten. (8)
- Barter thought themselves far from the old beef and beer, port and pigskin types of the Georgian and early Victorian era. (8)
- Melville, as became a tall islander, carved beef, and ate of it, like a ruler of men. (10)
- Now Ale, which is to Beef what Eve was to Adam, threatens to take possession of the field. (10)
- Roast beef stood eminent behind the souffle and champagne. (10)
- They were beef and pudding on legs; in some quarters, beer amiably manifest, owing to the flourishes of a military band. (10)
Glad you visited this page with a sentence for beef. Perhaps also see a sentence for bagarag and ways to use becomes in a sentence. Now that you've seen how to use beef in a sentence hope you might explore the rest of this educational reference site Sentencefor.com to see many other example sentences which provide word usage information.


Why SPEA? Change the world while still in class.
Where you can do well by doing good
At SPEA, you can examine big ideas while gaining concrete skills that will allow you to work toward solving some of the world's most pressing problems.
Whatever major you choose, you'll develop leadership skills to make a difference—and be prepared to succeed in the nonprofit, corporate, or governmental sectors of the economy.
Why SPEA? Take a virtual tour Attend a "Meet SPEA & Learn More" Session


Newbie Guides
Weapons and Items
Q1. When I click "Ready"or "Start" button, why does the message "Cannot start without equipping weapons" appear?
The message appears when your weapon is not equipped or already expired. Please click your backpack to equip or renew weapons.
Q2. What's the difference between T weapons (i.e. T Lightning ) and ordinary weapons(i.e. Lightning)?
The differences are:
1).T weapons can only be bought with coins while ordinary weapons can be bought with gold coins.
2). Compare with ordinary weapons, the basic attributes of T weapons are enhanced to some degree.
3).T weapons will not vanish when fortification fails, but only be one level down. Ordinary weapons will vanish when fortification fails.
4).The syn attribute of a T weapon involved in a fortification will be emptied when it fails,while all syn attributes of an ordinary weapon will be emptied if fortification fails.
Q3. What are E weapons(i.e. T Lightning)? How can I get them?
E weapons are very rare, they are not sold in shops. You can collect them by hitting a chest in battle,picking cards after battle or open a Glory Packet.
Q4. What are the differences between E weapons and T weapons?
The basic attributes of E weapons have considerable improvement than T Weapon.
Q5.Are E weapons binding?
E weapons are not binding regardless of forms. If the Syn Stone is binding during weapon equipment, fortification or synthesis, then this equipment is binding.
Q6. If I have a permanent weapon and want to transfer this weapon's attributes to a non-permanent weapon. Will the weapon be permanent after transference?
No. Only synthesis and fortification attributes are transferred.
Q7. Besides buying items from shop, how can I get other items such as Invisible?
There are two ways to get them:
1). Randomly distributed by chest in battle.
2). Click item's icon and buy with gold coins at the waiting room.
Q8. I have 10% gain items,but I cannot find them from item shortcut key. What shall I do?
You can set items at your backpack's "Shortcut Key Setting".
Q9. How can I gain "Legendary Coin"?
The ways to get Legendary Coins are:
1). Completing dailies.There are 2 dailies and are repeated every 2 days. So you can gain 1 coin everyday in
2). Nobility Certificate.It is an item send by system after a failed proposal and can be used in exchange for Legendary Coin.
3). Completing league quests.League member can finish League Upgrading task with each level up. Legendary Coin is included in the quest reward.
Q10. How to make the attributes of weapon, equipment and accessories higher?
You can enhance your equipment's attributes by using Energy Stone and Syn Stone.The maximum level for weapons and equipments is +9; and +5 for accessories(bracelets and rings only).


text: The great medieval Jewish jurist and thinker R. Moses b. Nahman (_PHONE_) developed an exceptional legal-theology unprecedented in traditional rabbinic thought. In jurisprudential terms, he reduces the Jewish traditional perception of the Halakhah (i.e. the Talmudic law) and introduces the view of the divine law as a territorial law. My article suggests reading anew his sayings about the God-law-land matrix against the background of his contemporary European Christendom. Our analysis raises new perspectives on his attentiveness to the conceptual vocabulary of the Crusades' propaganda and the European legal reality.


_TAG_ hidden vs. DebuggerNonUserCode attribute
I got this great question from the mailbag:
 "[W]hat is the relation between the "# line hidden" directive and the DebuggerNonUserCode attribute? Are these the same?"
Short Answer:
They're both markings that library authors can put in their source code to mark certain portions as "hidden" to the end-user while debugging. In both cases, the debugger must detect them and do additional work to respect them. Visual Studio respects both of these. MDbg only respects _TAG_ hidden. _TAG_ marks lines within a function as hidden whereas the DebuggerNonUserCode marks entire functions as hidden.
More comparisons:
 _TAG_ hidden DebuggerNonUserCode
What does it affect? single set of continuous lines within a function entire function or class
What does compiler do with it? (How could other languages besides C# use this) Changes PDB mappings. Instructs the line to be mapped to 0xFeeFee, which serves as special value to debuggers to instruct it that that line is hidden. Just a normal custom attribute, stored in the executable file.
More info on MSDN : wiki link wiki link
Example usage and more detail from my blog here here
Dependency on CLR None. Existed since .NET 1.0. Depends on Just-My-Code (JMC), which was added in.Net 2.0
What could debugger do with it? This is purely a contract between the compiler and the debugger communicated via the PDBs.
If debugger stops at a line that maps to '_TAG_ hidden' it can elect to keep executing. It may elect to forbid breakpoints to be placed at hidden points. It stepping would normally stop at a hidden line, it may choose to continue stepping.
This requires the debugger to use JMC support from the CLR debugging services.
Debugger must use Just-My-Code stepping and mark functions as non-user code. Debugger marks frames with the DebugNonUserCode attribute as non-user code.
Note that since these are both enforced by the debugger, the debugger has to do extra work to make these features available to the end-user. But this also lets the debugger decide exactly what sort of policy it wants to expose. For example, the debugger can decide how to handle a breakpoint set in a function marked as DebuggerNonUserCode. (eg, Forbid it, warn the user, stop anyways, etc)
Comments (1)
Skip to main content


text:
The definition of leave is to depart, or to let something alone, or to bequeath.(verb)
Leave is defined as permission, or is time off from work.(noun)
See leave in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: ME leven < OE læfan, lit., to let remain (< *lafjan < base of laf, remnant, what remains), akin to (be)lifan, to remain, Ger bleiben, OHG belīban < IE *leip-, to smear with grease, stick to < base *lei-, viscous, sticky > L limus: see lime
Origin: ME leve < OE leaf, permission, akin to obs. Ger laube, permission, erlauben, to allow, permit < IE base *leubh-, to like, desire > lief, love, L libido
See leave in American Heritage Dictionary 4
verb left left (lĕft), leav·ing, leaves leaves verb, transitive
Origin: Middle English leaven
Origin:, from Old English lǣfan; see leipin Indo-European roots.
Origin: Middle English leve
Origin:, from Old English lēafe
Origin:, dative and accusative of lēaf; see leubhin Indo-European roots.
Learn more about leave


text:
Quest: A Counseling and Healing Center
Quest, a counseling service, is the most visible aspect of the Goodenough Community's deep intention to see people actively involved in improving their lives. The community's mental health service has been shaped by counselors and clients into a unique blend of education and therapy.
Through Quest, clients are helped to evaluate their life situations and to learn and change, with friends to support their efforts. Treatment approaches include: body-mind integration, cognitive behavioral therapy, family of origin work, healing of childhood trauma, consultation/coaching on career, work, and family life.
Colette Hoff is a gifted counselor whose skills have been honed by over 40 years of practice. During that time she has maintained an individual practice and, until his retiement, also collaborated with her husband, Dr. John Hoff.
As a pastoral counselor, Colette's approach has been informed by educational and developmental theory, advances in brain science, and the river of wisdom that runs through the world's great spiritual traditions – often called the perennial philosophy. Colette shares a commitment to empowering clients to be effective as individuals, partners, parents and members of society. She offers a process-oriented approach arising from her exceptional ability to clarify where individuals are in their development and provide services to comfort, challenge, and guide.
At the heart of her work is her intention to be an example of an individual living up to her full potential.
Quest Center can help if you are experiencing:
- Searching for meaning and purpose in life.
- Preparation for birth or adoption.
- Preparation for marriage.
- Changes in career or job.
- Family life education: relational, marital, and family issues.
- Preparation for blended family life.
- Dealing with stress and anxiety.
- Depression and mood difficulties.
- Grief and loss.
- Issues of nutrition/relationship with food.
- Problems of addiction/attachment.
- Unresolved abuse and trauma.
To make an appointment or for additional information, please contact:
Colette Hoff: _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_


Event App Bible LIVE: Ask the Experts
Event App Bible LIVE: Ask the Experts
Event App Bible LIVE: Ask the Experts
Event Inspiration keyboard_arrow_right
7 Effective Ways to Increase Participation at Your Events
By Guest Author
The Top News & Research in your Inbox
Want to improve learning, connection, engagement, and action outcomes at your meetings? Then use a process that requires and supports purposeful participant activity!
EMB_image_7 Effective Ways to increase partecipation at your event
When people are actively involved in their learning they learn more, and retain what they learn longer and more accurately.
And when you eliminate attendees by turning them into participants in your meeting sessions, they connect more effectively with their peers, at a much higher rate than at conventional events.
Making this happen at your meetings isn't rocket science. Here are seven simple and effective ways to increase participation at your events.
1. Badge It!
Who'd have thought that the humble name badge could provide useful information that can spark connections and engagement between attendees who are just walking around? Here's how to do it.
Use large name badges (I like 4" x 6" vertical badges) and design them so there's space for attendees to write on them. Then add a "Talk to me about…" space, or an "I'd like to know about…" space, or an "All we need is…" on your badge. Voila! Attendees now have a way to broadcast their interests and expertise and an excuse to peer at each other's badges.
A slightly different approach is to have people write a specific area of interest on their badge (perhaps on the back if it's blank) and then walk around and cluster with other attendees who share the same interest.
2. Seat Swap
To increase conversational partners at seated meals, simply announce a seat swap between two courses (typically between the main course and dessert). If the group includes approximately equal numbers of men and women, ask all the men or all the women to stand up and choose a chair at another table.
Alternatively, have everybody move whose last name begins with a letter in the first half of the alphabet. All will double their pool of conversational partners at the cost of perhaps a couple of minutes' rearrangement. At a seated buffet-style meal you can have more than one seat swap, with a commensurate increase in potential connections.
3. Post It!
At the start of a conference session, hand out several sticky notes and a pen to attendees. Ask them to write down one or more topics they would like explored or questions they would like answered, one per note. Tell them they do not need to use all their notes. Supply a wall area where notes can be posted, and ask them, once they have finished, to post their notes on the wall.
Give participants a few minutes to write their responses. As the notes are posted it is natural for people to hang around the wall and read what others have written. Let them do this, but ask people to allow late posters to get to the wall.
As the notes are posted, cluster them in groupings of similar topics. Once all the notes are on the wall, provide some time for everyone to take in the topics and questions. This group sharing can then be used as a starting point for discussion techniques like the fishbowls described below.
4. Body voting
Body voting—also called human graphs, human spectrograms, or continuum voting—is one of the most versatile participative techniques. It provides an information-rich public tableau of opinions or personal information by asking participants to move to a place in the room that corresponds to their responses to questions with a range of possible answers. Body voting allows session presenters, the group, and participants to directly experience the range and distribution of responses, and then explore individual responses or group outcomes as appropriate.
Although I can't do justice to the full range of possibilities of body voting in this article, here are a couple of ways I like to use it.
To demonstrate the collective amount of experience in the room, ask people to think of the number of years of experience they have and then have them line up across the room in order by their number of years of experience. Ask a few of those at the high experience end to say how many years' experience they have and repeat their answers for the whole group. Then, walk to the middle of the line (i.e., the point where there are approximately equal numbers of participants on either side of you) and ask the people there how many years' experience they have. Multiply their answer by the number of participants and announce the number of collective person-years of experience in the room, which will invariably be far greater than any one or two people could possess.
To allow participants to quickly meet other attendees who live or work near them, create in advance a map of the geographical region that includes a majority of attendees' locations, and display it in the room. Stand facing the map and point out the compass directions (e.g. "towards the map is North".) Ask people to move to the spot in the room that corresponds to where they live/work. Once people are in position, have them introduce themselves to the people nearby, exchange business cards, etc.
5. Fishbowls
Ever been at a "discussion" session that was monopolized by a few talkative individuals, with no one else getting a word in? Me too!
A fishbowl encourages free-wheeling discussion that anyone can join without having to get the attention of a moderator or talk over a noisy interrupter. In one version, participants sit in a horseshoe arrangement of chairs, with a few chairs in the "mouth" of the horseshoe, as shown.
A facilitator sits in one of the mouth's chairs and explains the fishbowl rules:
- If you want to talk, you must come and sit in one of the small group of chairs.
- If all the small group chairs are full and no one has yet spoken, wait a little—otherwise, when you come up, someone sitting in a mouth chair must go back to a horseshoe chair.
- If you're sitting in a small group chair and have finished what you have to say, go back to a horseshoe chair.
- When you're in a small group chair, you can address your comments to someone else in these chairs or to the whole group.
When the facilitator gently enforces these rules, everyone has a chance to speak, discuss, and be heard. Participants appreciate how the small group format focuses the discussion, how the contributors change as needed, how simply the front row shows who may talk, and how it's clear when the conversation on a topic has run its course.
6. Pair Share
Instead of one person talking and everyone else listening during a meeting session, use a few minutes of pair share to give every participant the opportunity to engage by thinking, talking, and listening. Pose a discussion question, have attendees pair up, and give everyone 30-60 seconds to think about their response. Then ask everyone to spend a couple of minutes discussing their answers with their partners. You may want to have one person in each pair start, and have them swap roles half way through the time you've allocated.
7. Pecha Kucha and Ignite
Pecha Kucha and Ignite are dynamic short-form presentations that limit presenters to 20 slides automatically advanced, each shown for 20 seconds (Pecha Kucha) or 15 seconds (Ignite), while the presenter shares his or her passion about a topic. Because each presentation lasts just 6 minutes and 40 seconds (Pecha Kucha) or 5 minutes (Ignite), presenters are challenged to be concise, targeted, and creative—and you can pack four Pecha Kucha or five Ignite presentations into 30 minutes. While these presentation styles are entertaining and a lot of fun, their impact is maximized when they are immediately followed by small breakout discussion sessions with the presenters. The combination reinforces participant learning, as attendees follow up and explore the ideas presented.
In Conclusion
There's no excuse for inflicting lectures on your attendees any more. Incorporating any or all of the above participation techniques into your meeting sessions is a sure fire way to increase learning, connection, engagement, and action outcomes at your events!
[Note: For detailed descriptions of how to prepare and run these and many other participation techniques, see the book referenced in Adrian's biography.]
Adrian Adrian Segar is a meeting architect and event facilitator with over thirty years experience, and an energetic champion for participation-rich and participant-led meetings that uncover and satisfy attendee needs for relevant learning, connection, engagement, and community. He is the author of Conferences That Work: Creating Events That People Love and, just-published, The Power of Participation: Creating Conferences That Deliver Learning, Connection, Engagement, and Action. Adrian writes regularly on event design and related issues at conferencesthatwork.com.
about the author
Guest Author
This post is by a Guest Author.
see all articles
The Top News & Research in your Inbox