Phase 2
The work of highlighting the insights from the distinct stakeholder groups (librarians, researchers, publishers, etc.) illuminated the systemic nature of addressing the metadata problems. Our work would not be accomplished by single stakeholder groups making incremental changes. Rather, the system itself of how we as an integrated community engage with, value and benefit from metadata would need to be improved to realize lasting improvement.
Recognizing this needs, the Metadata 2020 effort shifted to project-based work that included members of each of the stakeholder groups to address systemic challenges. The resulting six projects coalesced round a specific purpose statement to identify, research, and make recommendations to address the systemic challenge.
Each of these groups met over the course of a year to discuss and collaborate to further their purposes. The work of these projects led to the several output that are described in the next phase.
The project purpose statements
1. Researcher Communications
Exploring ways to align efforts between communities that aim to increase the impact and consistency of communication with researchers about metadata.
2. Metadata Recommendations and Element Mappings
To converge communities and publishers towards a shared set of recommended metadata concepts with related mappings between those recommended concepts and elements in important dialects.
3. Defining the Terms We Use About Metadata
In order to communicate effectively about anything, a common language must be acknowledged, tacitly or purposefully. In the metadata space, there is not agreement on what words like 'property', 'term', 'concept', 'schema', or 'title' refer to. This project will develop a glossary of words associated with metadata, both for core concepts and disciplinary areas.
4. Incentives for Improving Metadata Quality
To highlight downstream applications and value of metadata for all parts of the community, telling real stories as evidence of how better metadata will meet their goals.
5. Shared Best Practice and Principles
To build a set of high level best practices for using metadata across the scholarly communication cycle, in order to facilitate interoperability and easier exchange of information and data across the stakeholders in the process.
6. Metadata Evaluation and Guidance
To identify and compare existing metadata evaluation tools and mechanisms for connecting the results of those evaluations to clear, cross-community guidance.


The postcards lined up in racks outside the village shops show cliff faces of brilliantly coloured houses stacked above an azure blue sea. You have to search to find a card whose colours reflect reality. Yes, the sea is azure blue when the sun shines but are the houses really post box red, rose pink and canary yellow?
Manarola is a three dimensional jigsaw of buildings clinging to the steep slopes of a rocky promontory around a tiny harbour. All but one of the village streets are narrow alleys threading through the layers of houses, joined by flights of steep stone steps. The stucco walls of many of the houses are painted in the warm earth pigments common to many Italian villages. It is the interlocking forms of the narrow houses (maybe two storeys high on the uphill side but seven storey when seen from below) which gives Manarola its distinctive character.
Founded some time around 1200 by farmers from the older, uphill settlement of Volastra, Manarola is one of the five 'lands' that make up the Cinque Terre. Together the five communities are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, not because of the picturesque nature or colourful paintwork of the village houses but for the remarkable, ancient and enduring man-made landscape which sustains those villages.
Manarola is still an agricultural village. Look down from the village square by the church and you'll see plots of beans, tomatoes and lemon trees nestled between the layers of houses. Look up from the square and you'll see garden terraces stepping up to merge with the vineyards above. Follow the steep, stepped paths that climb through the vineyards to the olive groves of Volastra above and you start to really feel the extraordinary nature of this place. Leaf green and stone grey are the true colours of Manarola.
(Click on any photo for a closer view)


Moles in compound
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Moles in compound
Postby Danieljm1B » Wed Jun 26, 2019 6:30 pm
How do you know how many moles there are in a compound if you are given the molecular formula?
Daniel Kim 1D
Posts: 38
Joined: Wed Oct 03, 2018 12:17 am
Re: Moles in compound
Postby Daniel Kim 1D » Wed Jun 26, 2019 7:25 pm
Given the molecular formula, you would find the molar mass, the sum of all the atomic masses. You would then divide the weight that you are given by the molar mass to find out how many moles of that certain compound you have.
Ryan Yee 1J
Posts: 101
Joined: Sat Aug 17, 2019 12:16 am
Re: Moles in compound
Postby Ryan Yee 1J » Wed Oct 02, 2019 6:54 pm
Given the molecular formula, find the atomic weights listed under the element in the periodic table. Multiply the element's weight by the appropriate subscript and then add all the weights together. This will give you the molecular weight of a mole of the molecule, and thus its molar mass. You then divide the given amount of molecule by this newly found molar mass to find the number of moles in the compound.
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How to find and kill a Process Listening on a port in Linux? netstat and lsof command examples
In Linux, many times, you want to find out the PID of a process which is listening on a port e.g. if multiple tomcat servers are running on a host and you have to kill that process, but in order to kill that process you need the process id, how do you find the PID of the tomcat listening on port 8080? There are many Linux commands to find the process using a specific port, but I'll share what I use. I always use the netstat command with -p option, which displays process id of the process listening on a port. Btw, netstat is not the only command to find all processes using a particular port, you can also use the lsof command for the same purpose.
How to share your Programming Articles on Javarevisited for more Exposure
Hello, Friends,
I have been writing Java articles for a long time and one thing I have learned from that experience is that learning makes you a better Programmer and Software developer. It's also one of the important tips I have shared on how to become a better programmer article long back. It seems many people like that and contacted me about that but their main difficulty was that after writing one or two articles they get frustrated because no one was reading it. Well, I can understand but it takes a lot of time and effort to build a following. I am fortunate and really grateful that Java community has given me so much love and that's why I have decided to do my bit to promote and encourage every new Java programmer/writer/blogger to the best I can.
Spring Boot Error - Error creating a bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource DataSourceAutoConfiguration
Hello guys, If you are using Spring Boot and getting errors like "Cannot determine embedded database driver class for database type NONE" or "Error creating a bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource ataSourceAutoConfiguration" then you have come to the right place. In this article, we'll examine different scenarios on which this Spring Boot error comes and what you can do to solve them. The general reason for this error is Spring Boot's auto-configuration, which is trying to automatically configure a DataSource for you but doesn't have enough information. It is automatically trying to create an instance of DataSourceAutoConfiguration bean and it's failing.
How to Convert Result of SELECT Command to Comma Separated String in SQL Server
Sometimes, you need the result of the SQL SELECT clause as a comma-separated String e.g. if you are outputting ids of white-listed products. By default, the SELECT command will print each row in one line and you get a column of names or ids. If you need a comma-separated String then you probably need to use a text editor like Notepad++, Edit Plus, or a tool like Microsoft Excel to convert that column of values into a big CSV String. I often use a text editor like edit plus to replace the \n to comma (,) to create such CSV string because it supports regular expression-based find and replaces operation.


text:
Foreign Bank Entry and Business Volatility: Evidence from U.S. States and Other Countries
40 Pages Posted: 16 May 2003 Last revised: 2 Nov 2010
Date Written: May 2003
Theory suggests that bank integration (financial integration generally) can magnify or dampen the business cycles, depending on the importance of shocks to firm collateral versus shocks to the banking sector. In this paper, we show empirically that bank integration across U.S. states over the late 1970s and 1980 dampened economic volatility within states. Internationally, however, we find that foreign bank integration, which advanced widely during the 1990s, has been either unrelated to volatility of firm investment spending or positively related to that volatility. The results suggest the possibility that business spending may become more volatile as countries open their banking sectors to foreign entry.
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
leakage.
To power the 4 APDs, we use a Power-One 5V/3A linear power supply with over voltage protection. We enclosed this in a box with fuses and LED indicators (see photo below). We mounted each APD on a heat sink with LED indicator as an extra precaution to avoid damage by overheating if students leave the power on with the fiber optic cable disconnected. The APDs have some circuitry to prevent damage from excess light, but this could be defeated if the unit overheats.
Using the LabVIEW Program
Our LabVIEW program makes it quite simple to measure S for Bell's Inequality. The program is currently located at C:\QIE\QIE_Labview 2012\Bell_rs232(mod).vi. This is a stripped-down and heavily modified version of the Labview program Bell_rs232.vi we got from Mark Beck. The original labview program and its documentation are contained at C:\QIE\CCM\Beck Labview Programs. The documentation of this program contains many descriptions of settings that are now obsolete for our version, but the descriptions of what we still have are all valid.
As of June 2012, all the LabVIEW files necessary for student use have been compliled into a LabVIEW library, C:\QIE\QIE_Labview 2012\QIE_Counter.llb. Students should open this library and run Bell_rs232(mod).vi. The most recent version displays count rates on each thermometer, while still showing raw counts in an array indicator on the side. Students can see the count rates change in real time over short update periods. Two functions are present for data taking: a "Take Snapshot" button, which takes a single sample for up to 200 seconds and records settings and comments, and a "Take Data" button which takes multiple samples and calculates values for the specified experiment.
Here are descriptions of the buttons and displays on our LabVIEW program:
8 Thermometers with count rates, labelled A, A', B, B', AB, A'B, AB', A'B': these are the counts the program reads from the DE2-115. The first four are the counts on each detector divided by the update period, the second four are coincidence counts between detectors divided by the update period. The labels on the second four are only valid if the switches on the DE2-115 are set to display the corresponding coincidences; if we are only doing Bell inequalities there is no need to ever change these anyway.
E and E-meter: This automatically calculates E for the given four coincidence counts. It simply adds the fifth and eighth registers, subtracts from this the sixth and seventh, and then divides all this by the sum of these four counts. If the two half waveplates are set at one of the correct pairs of angles for Bell Inequality testing, this gives you one of the four values that are added together to get S. For reference, the four angle pairs are E(-45,-22.5), E(-45,22.5), E(0,-22.5), E(0,22.5), with the second one negative. These are polarization angles, not waveplate settings.
Subtract Accidentals and Coincidence Resolution: Subtract accidentals, if turned on, subtracts the statistical number of chance coincidences from the four coincidence counts, calculated using the individual counts on each detector and the coincidence resolution (or time window), entered in the four numerical inputs.
Round Counts in Display: Simply rounds the count rates in the display to remove confusion from reading decimals.
Data Taking Controls: You can set the update period for data taking, and the number of samples at each angle. After specifying the experiment that you are going to be performing and clicking "Take Data," the program will tell you what angles to set the half wave plates, take samples at each angle, and calculate various experimental results from the data.
Two things to keep in mind if you want to turn this on:
1. You should probably measure your coincidence windows first, since they have a tendency to drift. Use a pulse generator set to 15ns 2.0V pulses, and slowly increase the delay between pulses starting at 1 ns until you measure no coincidences.
2. Since accidental coincidences can only reduce your S-value, if you are already comfortable violating the inequality this is probably not worth it.
Counter Port: which computer port you are looking for data over. Should be set to COM1.
Status: what the program is doing. Pretty much obsolete now, because when it is running the answer is always'reading counters.' A holdover from the original program, which would also stop reading data sometimes to move motors that controlled the waveplates.
Data taking parameters: these are the settings for when you enter data taking mode, in which the program writes all the counts to a text file. The program will count for the input time, and the input number of samples, over each of the four angle combinations. This means the total time taken is 4*time*samples.
Known error: occasionally, the LabVIEW program will crash when you try to run it, complaining that it cannot access the VISA port or the connection timed out, and also annoyingly opens up the file for the close-session sub-vi. Usually, it will work if you just try running it again. It will also give similar errors every time you try to run the program with the DE2-115 turned off. If you are unable to connect to the DE2-115 despite powering it off and powering it back on, the proper procedure is to turn off the DE2-115, then restart the computer, and power the DE2-115 back on after the computer has restarted and you are logged in. For reasons unknown, Windows occasionally grabs the serial port and refuses to relinquish it to LabView if the DE2-115 is turned on during startup.
Viewing/Loading a Program on the DE2-115
Start by double-clicking on the main program file for our program, which is called "RS232coincidencecounter.qpf". This is currently found at C:\QIE\CCM\DE2_RS232_CCU_Q72\RS232coincidencecounter.qpf on the computer in the QIE room. This should open Quartus II, the software used to edit, compile, and load programs onto the DE2-115. Once Quartus II launches, you should see a blank main screen, and a few smaller windows. In the top left under Entity our FPGA is listed, the Cyclone IV E, and below that the icon for "RS232coincidencecounter". Double-clicking on this brings up the VHDL code for the top-level program, which can be inspected. This file also references 7 smaller auxiliary files, which are listed in the "files" tab just below that window.
Once any changes have been made, the program can be compiled by clicking on the little purple triangle named "Start Compilation" at the center of the upper toolbar. The compilation and some optimizations will run, and it will either compile successfully or return an error. If it complies successfully you may still get a ton of warning messages (ie around 900); most of those will be of no consequence.
If you modify inputs or outputs, you may need to assign or change pin settings on the DE2-115. This controls where the program's input and output signals are actually expressed on the chipfor example, the input signals for the detector counts are wired to four pins on the 40-pin header, while the output signals for the switch indicators are wired to the 17 red LED lights so that they show when the switches are flipped. This is located under Assignments>Pin Planner. Here there is a great big list of all the inputs and outputs on the DE2-115. All of them will be shown as "Assigned", meaning they have a name/signal attached to them, but the vast majority will be listed as having a direction of "unknown", which means they are not actually used by our design. To assign a pin, first look up the name of the particular input or output you want. These are listed and described in the DE2-115 user manual, which is on the CD that came with the device or on the QIE computer at "C:\QIE\References\DE2_115_User_manual.pdf". Once you look up this pin, find it in the Pin Planner window and then either change the name of the pin to the name of the signal you want wired to it, or (usually the better choice) go back to your code and change the name of your signal to be the same as the name of the pin it should be connected to. Once all new pin assignments are made you should recompile, because Quartus checks during the compilation process to see if pin assignments are valid.
Now you want to load your program onto the DE2-115. Using the included USB cord, plug the DE2-115 into the computer, and turn it on if it is not already. Use the port labeled 'Blaster' on the DE2-115, next to the power button. Next, go to the menu choice Tools>Programmer. The settings should be as follows: Hardware Setup: USB-Blaster [USB-0], Mode: Active Serial Programming, File: C:\QIE\CCM\DE2_RS232_CCU_Q72\RS232coincidencecounter.pof (or whatever new file path you've created), Device: EPCS64, and 'Program/Configure' is checked. Next, find the switch SW19 on the bottom left of the DE2-115, with settings labeled 'Run' and 'Prog,' and flip


Golden Lotus Pagoda
Golden Lotus Pagoda
Golden Lotus Pagoda or Kim Lien Pagoga
Hanoi's claim to this extremely beautiful pagoda resembling a golden lotus floating calmly on the water's edge comes from the 1100s when Princess Tu Hoa moved to Nghi Tam village to teach the locals how to cultivate mulberries, weave silk and grow silk worms. The villagers several years later erected the pagoda in her honour, on the spot where her father, the kind, has built a palace for her.
Quan Su Pagoda
Quan Su Pagoda was erected on the land of An Tap Village in Tho Xuong District near the southern gate of the ancient imperial capital of Thang Long.
Under the Le Dynasty in the 15th century, envoys of the neighboring countries congregated at a house on the present-day Quan Su Street so that the house became known as Quan Su, or embassy.
As most of the ambassadors were Buddhists, a small pagoda was built next to the house. There they could pray or recite the Buddhist scriptures. Though later the house was demolished, the Quan Su Pagoda remained.
Worshipping at Quan Su Pagoda
Worshipping at Quan Su Pagoda
In 1934, the Tonkin Buddhist Association used Quan Su Pagoda as its headquarters. When in 1942 the Vietnam Buddhist Association was set up, Quan Su was selected as the headquarters of the association's central committee.
Since then the pagoda has been renovated and enlarged many times. It now houses many stone stelaes and large Buddha statues.
Den Quan Thanh or Quan Thanh Temple : The temple is dedicated to worshipping Tran Vu Quan as demonstrated by the three characters found above the entrance. Temples worship saints and pagodas pay respect to Buddha's faithful disciplines. The saint, Tran Vu, covers both mysticism and legend chasing away a ghostly Royal spirit. In a Chinese legend, Saint Tran Vu was very instrumental in securing the Chinese border. Built through the era of the king from 1010 to 1028, LýThai, you can see the powerful black bronze-style Saint Tran Vu statue.
Ngoc Son Temple
Ngoc Son Temple
Ngoc Son Temple
Hoan Kiem Lake was already considered the most beautiful lake in Hanoi when Ngoc Son Temple was built on an island. The temple was first called Ngoc Son Pagoda and was renamed Ngoc Son Temple since temples were dedicated to the scholar Van Suong who was considered to be one of the brightest minds in Vietnam's literary and intellectual circles and to the National hero Tran Hung Dao, who defeated the Mongols in the 13th century. Ngoc Son Temple is reached via wooden The Huc (where rays of morning sunshine touch) Bridge, which was constructed in 1885. To the left of the gate stands an obelisk whose top is shaped like a paintbrush.
Trung Trac and Trung Nhi
Trung Trac and Trung Nhi
Festival Hai Ba Trung
The temple, Hai Ba Trung, also known as Dong Nhan Temple due to its location in the village with the same name. The king, Lý Anh Ton had it built in 1142 and dedicated to two national heroines, Trung Nhi and Trung Trac. During the second lunar month a festival is held with all its Vietnamese pomp and pageantry.
Youth Road
Youth Road (Doang Thanh) is a marvelous long narrow land bridge with trees and buildings along it. It separates two lakes picturesque lakes, West Lake (Ho Tay) to the north-west and to the south-east is Truc Bach Lake. Legend says Ho Tay formed by a giant golden waterbuffalo. The legend of Truc Bach Lake is that ladies waiting to meet their husbands would be abandoned there to weave beautiful silk, and thus the silk farms that occupy the area. Apparently Ho Tay has been scheduled for major tourism expenditures, but I think it is better left alone.
Food and drink
Hanoi cuisine is highly enjoyed by both locals and foreigners, and as more and more visitors come to Hanoi, the reputation of its wonderful, exotic dishes will be ranked among the best in the world. Already Hanoi has also been chosen by MSN network readers as ranking third among ten cities providing the most delicious and enjoyable dishes in the world. They use Nuok Mam, which is a brown, salty, fermented fish (head) sauce, on just about everything. It tastes far better than it sounds.
Workers prepare Nuok Mam fish sauce
Workers prepare Nuok Mam fish sauce
 - The most typical dishes in Hanoi are rice noodle soup, fish cooked with noodles and scallions cooked in a charcoal grill, thanh tri steamed rolls made from rice flour, greasy pork pies and sausages, and Pho, a typical soup of Hanoi.
 - Com lam rice is steamed inside a fresh hollow bamboo stock, a cooking technique used throughout Vietnam, like a box lunch. Special mountain rice is used, grown in the highlands in rice paddies. A tube of bamboo is cut about 20 inches long, filled with rice, topped up with water, sealed and thrown on a fire until the bamboo chars. They then peel away the charred bark, and you are left with a thing bamboo membrane that the rice sticks to. Cut them into sections about two inches long, add sea salt (which Vietnam is famous for) and sesame seeds, and you have it made!
 Eating at the market
 Eating at the market
 - Cha ca grilled fish cakes are a unique speciality of Hanoi, and served especially along a streeet named after the specialty. The best is made from Hemibagrus (Ca Lang) fish. The fish bone is removed, special seasonings, slivers of bamboo, then it is fried over coals for that extra carcinogenic flavour. Cha Ca is generally served with fresh roasted peanuts, a soft noodle soup, spiced-up vegetables, lemon, chili and a shrimp paste, especially enjoyed on cool days.
 - Similarly, Banh Tom Ho Tay Restaurant along Young Street is famous among Hanoi people for its shrimp pies. Mixed with wheat and potato flakes, it is fried in oil, shrimps exposed on top. The outside is brittle, inside soft, it smells sweet, and best served with a sweet and sour sauce. Pickled vegetables often also accompany it.
 - Banh cuon or rolled rice pancakes is a breakfast dish served in Vietnam. Steam then grill the rice, add oil for a sweet smell, then serve it with a salty crisp and fried onions. The amazing'secret' sauce is what keeps people coming back.
 Hanoi cuisine
 Hanoi cuisine
 - Ladder soft noodle soup (Bun Thang) is a seafood often made from crab and vermicelli (thin rice noodles), pork paste, salted shrimp and a fried egg. The best is pure and sweet.
 - Com Vong, green rice that is grilled, is a dish from the countryside. It is sticky rice taken in at harvest time, crushed and put through a seive. Sometimes they are put in lotus leaves for extra flavour and aroma. The Village of Dich Vong is the home of this type of rice, and many off-shoot dishes have been made from it.
Health and safety in Hanoi
Many people worry about safety issues when traveling to Hanoi due primarily to the fact that there are suggestions that Vietnam is an unfriendly place for many travelers. This stems from the fact that the Hanoi saw years and years of domination by other countries and as a
Storing food is a problem in Asia
Storing food is a problem in Asia
result erected an artificial barrier around themselves from foreigners.
Hanoi traffic accident
Hanoi traffic accident
However, it is no longer the case that Hanoi is unfriendly. Hanoians seem to forget about the past, and are very forward looking. Besides, the Vietnam War was about thirty five years ago, and the average age of the Vietnamese people is a youthful twenty six. Much of the money in the area comes from tourists and the locals recognize and appreciate that.
The one main area where there is generally some concern for safety is traffic accidents on the congested streets, particularly for pedestrians. Pedestrians should try to stay away from motorbikes to the greatest extent possible to not only avoid collisions but also avoid "drive-by snatchings. Also when using public transportation in Hanoi, the bus system there can be confusing, which means that visitors are often not alert and head-up to their surroundings when navigating the bus system trying to figure out what is going on with their schedules and routes.
Hanoi is a very safe city crime wise, one of the safest in the world. However, like any large city, there is low-level street theft of the pick-pocket variety, but threats to physical safety are rare. There have been some incidents of distraction tactics used to snatch purses and wallets. Anything left unattended is at considerable risk.
This website link could save your life
If you are new to travelling, or even if you have travelled the globe for years, I strongly recommend you check out the following link for some very interesting and informative reading about safe travelling in Hanoi, and the Third World in general. It is an accumulation of original thoughts and experiences of several worldly travellers, just go to It was written with the Third World in mind, where travelling disasters are around every corner, and a pre-emptor to what we may all expect someday in the First World as populations increase and desperate people become more brave and sophisticated in their survival techniques. It will make you aware of all sorts of


text:
If the Reynolds number is small enough (Re<<1), then two fluids can flow in parallel in direct contact, exchanging momentum and species only by diffusion. If the interface is
stable, then this system can be used as a filter. In this problem, the flow fields in both fluids are found.
2008 Carlos Martinez and Matthew John M. Krane
Difficulty level: Junior; Solution time: 1 hour; Reference: J. P. Brody,et al., "Biotechnology at Low Reynolds Numbers," Biophysical Journal., v.719, pp. 3430-3441,

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Anson County, North Carolina
From FamilySearch Wiki
|Line 52:||Line 52:|
==== Record Loss ====
==== Record Loss ====
'''1868--'''A courthouse fire destroyed many records.
'''1868--'''A courthouse fire destroyed many records
== Places/Localities ==
== Places/Localities ==
Revision as of 20:34, 31 December 2012
|Anson County, North Carolina|
Location in the state of North Carolina
Location of North Carolina in the U.S.
Anson County Courthouse
N Green Street P O Box 352
Wadesboro, NC 28170
Death & Register of Deeds has birth records from 1913
marriage records from 1869 and land records
Clerk Superior Court has divorce from 1868
Probate records from 1750 & court records from 1770
"The county was formed in 1750 from Bladen County. It was named for George Anson, Baron Anson, a British admiral, who circumnavigated the globe from 1740 to 1744, and later became First Lord of the Admiralty. Like its parent county, Anson County was originally a vast territory with indefinite northern and western boundaries. Reductions in its extent began in 1753, when the northern part of it became Rowan County. In 1762 the western part of Anson County became Mecklenburg County. In 1779 the northern part of what remained of Anson County became Montgomery County, and the part east of the Pee Dee River became Richmond County. Finally, in 1842 the western part of Anson County was combined with the southeastern part of Mecklenburg County to become Union County."
Anson County was named in honor of British Admiral Lord George Anson, a First Lord of the Admiralty. He commanded the vessel which brought Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Germany, to her future husband King George III. Germans to the area around Anson County, as did many settlers from the British Isles, Africa, and Moravia. In 1750 Anson County was formed from Bladen County. At that time, it reached all the way to the Mississippi River. Although it has been cut in physical size five times since then, the people of that county have enabled its presence to reach beyond the Mississippi to the far corners of the world.
1868--A courthouse fire destroyed many records.
Retired North Carolina State Archivist Thornton Mitchell's article can help you discover your Anson County ancestors despite record loss:
- Mitchell, Thornton W. "Problems of Anson County Records," The North Carolina Genealogical Society Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2 (May 1989):66-68. FHL Book 975.6 B2s v. 15 (1989).
- Chesterfield County, South Carolina
- Marlboro County, South Carolina
For tips on accessing Anson County, North Carolina census records online, see: North Carolina Census.
- Beaverdam. Constituted 1790.
- Cartledge Creek aka Dockery's Meeting House, near Rockingham, N.C. Organized about 1774. Currently located in Richmond County.
- Fork of Little River. Church built 1758. Later located in Montgomery County.
- Hitchcock. Constituted 1772. Edwards published a membership list dated 1772 in Materials Towards a History of the Baptists... (1772), 128. Later located in Richmond County.
- Pee Dee River. Constituted 1785.
- Rocky River, Burnsville, N.C. Began before 1772.
Church of England
- St. George's Parish. Established 1749.
- Anson County Heritage, North Carolina, 1995. Wadesboro, N.C.: Don Mills & Anson County Heritage Book Committee, 1995. FHL Book _PHONE_ H2ac.
- [Burns] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Curlee] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Gulledge] Wiggins, Marie Gulledge. "Anson County, North Carolina Marriages," "Anson County, North Carolina Records," and "Anson County, North Carolina Court Records," Marie G. Wiggins Genealogical Collection Including Variant Surnames. MSS. Microfilmed 1993: FHL Film _PHONE_ Items 3-5.
- [Hardin] Craig, Marion Stark. Benjamin Hardin (IV): _PHONE_ (Revolutionary War Soldier and Pensioner) and Wife, Elizabeth Scott and Their Family Connections: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 H219c.
- [Helms] Myers, Sara M. and Sallie C. Pressley. George Helms and Tilman Helms, _PHONE_: History & Genealogy of the Helms Family, Pioneers of Anson & Meck. Counties, North Carolina, Five Generations. Cassopolis, Mich.: S.M. Myers, 1981. FHL Book 929.273 H369m.
- [Huntley] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of the Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: n.p., 1942. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1942.
- [Jarman] German, John L. "Finding the Father of David German of North Carolina and Shelby County, Indiana," The American Genealogist, Vol. 68, No. 2 (Apr. 1993):87-94.
- [McLendon] Redfearn, Rosalind McLendon. The McLendons of Anson County. Wadesboro, N.C.: n.p., 1957. FHL Film 496748 Item 1.
- [Moore] Austin, Nancy Jane Moore and Mary Lois Moore Yandle. The Moore Families of Anson and Union Counties, North Carolina: _PHONE_. Charlotte, N.C.: N.J.M. Austin, c1988. FHL Fiche _PHONE_ (5 fiche).
- [Parker] Kelman, Helen Parker. Parkers of Anson Co., N.C. with the Burnses and Curlees. Raleigh, N.C.: H.P. Kelman, c1993, 2001. FHL Collection.
- [Preslar] Dunn, Edwin C. Some Genealogical Notes on the Preslar/Presley Family of Anson Co., N.C. Albuquerque, N.M.: E.C. Dunn, 1985. FHL Book 929.273 P926d.
- [Presley] Dunn, Edwin C. Some Genealogical Notes on the Preslar/Presley Family of Anson Co., N.C. Albuquerque, N.M.: E.C. Dunn, 1985. FHL Book 929.273 P926d.
- [Redfearn] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: n.p., 1942. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1942.
- [Redfearn] Redfearn, Daniel Huntley. History of the Redfearn Family. Miami, Fla.: Redfearn, 1954. FHL Book 929.273 R247 1954.
- [Redfearn] Redfern, Michael Robert. The History of the Redfearn Family Revisited. Louisville, Colo.: M.R. Redfern, c2005. FHL Book 929.273 R247rm.
- [Reed] Craig, Marion Stark. Benjamin Hardin (IV): _PHONE_ (Revolutionary War Soldier and Pensioner) and Wife, Elizabeth Scott and Their Family Connections: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 H219c.
- [Reed] Craig, Marion Stark. Joseph Reed (Died 1751) of Anson County, NC & Wife, Elizabeth, Who Married James Deacon and Lived in Rowan County, NC: A Genealogical Compilation. Little Rock, Ark.: M.S. Craig, 1991. FHL Book 929.273 R251cm.
- [Sheppard] Sheppard, Thomas C. The Sheppard Family: Descendants of William Sheppard of Anson County, North Carolina. Fairmont, W.Va.: T.C. Sheppard, 1992. FHL Film _PHONE_ Item 6; digital version at Family History Archives.
- [Taylor] Taylor, James L. Stephen Taylor and Descendants, Johnston and Anson Counties, North Carolina and Westward 1750's-1996. Typescript. Microfilmed 2001: FHL Film _PHONE_ Item 14; digital version at Family History Archives.
- [Wall]] Thomas, Anne Wall. The Walls of Walltown: The Known Descendants of James Wall of Anson County, North Carolina. Carrboro, N.C.: A.W


text:
Vienna Philharmonic asks historians to look into alleged Nazi past
Historian says orchestra demonstrated sympathy for Austria's Nazi leadership during Holocaust.
The Vienna Philharmonic has asked three historians to research the orchestra's alleged Nazi past.
The announcement on January 22 came after Harald Walser, a historian and Parliament member for the Austrian Greens, said in an interview that the orchestra demonstrated sympathy for the country's Nazi leadership during World War Two.
Historians Fritz Truempi, Oliver Rathkolb and Bernadette Mayrhofer will look into the "politicization" of the Vienna Philharmonic from 1938 to 1945, the fate of its Jewish musicians during that time and its relations with Nazis afterward, according to an orchestra statement, the French news agency AFP reported.
Their report is due in March.
Walser has called for forming a committee of inquiry into the role of the philharmonic during those years and said the orchestra has not released all its documents from the Nazi era or has destroyed some of them.
He cited a listing on the philharmonic's official website that describes a concert delivered on New Year's Day of 1939 as a "sublime homage to Austria," when it actually was a celebration of the country's unification with Nazi Germany in 1938.
The New Year's Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic takes place each year on the morning of January 1 in Vienna and is broadcast to an estimated audience of 50 million in 73 countries.
Walser claims that after the war, an emissary of the Vienna Philharmonic gave a new copy of its honor ring in 1966 to Nazi war criminal Baldur von Schirach, who was responsible for the deportation of tens of thousands of Austrian Jews to death camps, following his release from Berlin's Spandau Prison for war criminals. Von Schirach had received the original ring in 1942.
Six Jewish musicians from the philharmonic were murdered by the Nazis in Austria and 11 were deported to death camps, according to reports.


text:
Key to Josh's Comments on the Listing Assignments
What you want to see next to each of your items is a little red slanted line. This is a left-handed person's check mark, and it means that you got full credit for the item beside which it appears. In any case where you don't see a check mark, you should find either an explanation of why you didn't receive credit or one of the following codes:
(1): If you see the numeral 1 in a circle, I'm saying that it's not clear to me that this is an example of the third word in the assignment title. For your L1 assignment, in other words, it's not clear that what you've written is an example of a problem. You may have described a situation, you may have told me with whom or under what circumstances you have a problem, but you haven't told me what your problem actually is and that's what the assignment asked you to do! Remember that a problem has been defined as "a disconnect between what you have and what you want or need." Any item that's been marked with a 1 in a circle doesn't do all of those three things.
(2): If you see the numeral 2 in a circle, I'm saying that it's not clear that what you've written has to do with communication. For your L1 assignment, in other words, I get it that this is a problem, but it's not clear that it's a communication problem.
(3): If you see the numeral 3 in a circle, I'm saying that it's not clear that this has to do with you. For your L1 assignment, in other words, I get it that this is a communication problem, but it seems to me that it's someone else's problem, not yours.
# ___ : If you see the # symbol followed by a number, what I'm saying is that the one next to which this comment appears is the same as the one whose number appears after the # symbol. Don't worry: this isn't as complicated as I just made it seem. Here's an example: say you see #3 next to your fourth item. What that means is that your fourth item is in fact the same as your third. Keep in mind that the assignment is for each of your items to be different from each of the others.
NS: This is not a sentence. The assignment is to write in complete sentences.
?: I have no idea what this says, either because it's written too carelessly to be legible or because, although I can read it, it's not clear to me what the heck it means! Remember that you're writing to be read by someone who isn't you!
If you find that you can't read or can read but don't understand or agree with my markings, your best bet is to talk with me face to face outside of class time. I'll be happy to translate my carpal-tunnel-afflicted writing into English for you, and to explain the things you don't understand. I promise you that your having such a conversation with me will never result in your walking away with a lower grade. The worst-case scenario ought to be that, although your grade doesn't go up, your appreciation of how to earn a higher grade next time does!
Return to Handouts.
Return to For NOVA Students.
Return to Home


Why Single Mothers Could Need An Emergency Loan
Some single mothers struggle financially more often than families who bring in two salaries. Single mothers have to provide for their children and pay bills with only one income, which is why they would need emergency loans from NZ lenders. An emergency loan could assist them with the following:
1) Groceries
Growing kids eat a lot. They always seem to be hungry and need a consistently balanced diet to keep them healthy and growing strong. However, healthy food isn't always what they get, because foods that are laden with sugars and preservatives are typically cheaper than fresh produce. If a single mother was struggling financially, she might save money by buying food of lower-quality, or that which is more affordable. And if the pantry ran out of food before her next pay came in, she could get an emergency loan to buy odds and ends, and staple foods, that have run out.
2) School Trips And Supplies
For a single mother, her children's school fees would be a part of her monthly budget. However, on a single salary, she could struggle to pay for extra expenses that haven't been accounted for. For example, if her child has a school trip, or needs additional stationary or supplies. These items don't always come with a warning, and sometimes there's no money left over to pay for them. But with an emergency loan from an NZ lender, she could pay for the school trip, or get what her children need.
3) Emergency Healthcare
Childhood injuries are common, and parents always need to be prepared for a scraped knee, or, heaven forbid, a trip to the emergency room. However, single parents might not always have enough money saved up for emergencies. But luckily, if a child fell ill and needed medication, a single mother could apply for an emergency loan online, and get approval on the same day.
Some Tips For Applying For Emergency Loans In NZ
If you're a single mother looking at emergency loans from NZ lenders, be clear-headed and focused. Find interest rates that you can afford, and check your lender's credibility before handing over your private information.
Having money troubles as a single mother is not uncommon, but it doesn't have to become a burden. If you need additional financing to get through to your next paycheck, try getting emergency loans from private lenders in NZ. They're manageable, easy to repay, and short-term.


text:
The soap note templates are extensively used in the medical fields. The templates have been fabricated attempting to know about the health of patients dealt with, their present condition, list of activities that they can schedule in their routine etc. Download the sticky note templates as they come in easy accessible word, excel format.
These Soap Note Templates more or less serve as prescriptions. You will be availed with a number of samples each sculpted with a range of background and examples. Print these and save labor and your worthy time. These templates also make the patients aware of their health and the essential know how. You may like therapy notes templates.
Soap Note Template Word
The Soap Note Template Word has been really necessary for the people to set up better format and layout to have the proper structure of the forms to be framed. It is necessary that the person must include allotted important details like the history of the patient, requirement of medical aids, symptoms and also record the routine of activities time to time.You may also see delivery note templates
Sample Soap Note Format
The most common use of the soap notes is in the field of the medicals. It helps to note down the history of the patient, there daily routine, what activities they can play in their daily routine and symptoms they underwent. The Sample Soap Note Format template helps to have a proper guidance of the things which are to be included in the format of writing.You may also see Progress Notes Templates
Soap Note Template Free
The template is specially designed to include the important details of the medical history of the client. The template can be resourceful to set up various questions that are to be framed while forming up the soap Note which will include the important things like medical history, routine and activities of the person.You may also see doctors note samples
Why need a Soap Note Format Template?
A soap Note format is necessary to decide the best layout and key points that are to be included in the form. The soap Note format template helps to have the proper design and structure of the form and they also must include the proper details of the medical residents and history of the patient. You can also see Progress Notes Templates.
It must include the current status of the patient and the plan to recover the patients, time taken and all the important facts that must be jotted down in order to have the layout of the note to be written.You may also see thank-you notes for meeting
Soap Note Template Form
The Soap Note Template Form helps to design a proper layout of the form which must be including the history of the patient and the various day to day activities being done. It must carry the proper health report of the person with proper detailing of the symptoms that are being put forward.You may also see consignment notes
Blank Soap Note Template
Example of Soap Note Template
When Does one Need a Soap Note Format Template?
Writing something descriptive or something which is new to you requires a lot of extra work and research to be done same is with their case of soap Note. One can easily write a descriptive soap Note format the proper medical resent of the patients. They must include the current status of the patient and the care which is to be taken.You may also see briefing notes.
The form must include all the details properly from the name to the related medical history in order to provide the correct layout to the form which can be done easily with the help of soap Note format template.You may also see musical note templates
Patient Soap Note Template
Prenatal Soap Note Template
Psychiatry Soap Note Template
Benefits of Having Soap Note Format Template
1. Soap Note format is descriptive about the medical ailments of the person.You may also see handover note templates
2. One can easily look for the soap Note format template which can help to form a better structure of the form.
3. It is necessary to include the medical history of the person and to keep a track record of all the important details which are to be made.You may also see field note samples
4. Therefore having a soap Note format template would definitely help in having a proper layout and outline of the form which is necessary to keep the track record of all the details.You may also see daily note templates.
It is really helpful in forming up a perfect layout of the soap note form. Whereas one needs to have the soap Note format template which will help them to have a regular form that will create medical history records of the clients and keep a track on their day to day routine.You may also see soap note templates
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text:
by Tom Edward
In any material that is capable of being magnetized, there are groups of atoms with their own magnetic orientation arranged haphazardly in the material. When that material comes into contact with a strong magnetic field, it rearranges the groups of atoms so that they are in alignment. As the groups of atoms become aligned, they project a magnetic field. Magnetic energy has different names. Some people call it energy or life force; the Chinese call it Chi, the Indians know it as Prana. Whatever you choose to call it, magnetic energy is a basic force of life-it pulses throughout the galaxies and is found everywhere in nature.


text:
Definition of Gorlin syndrome
Gorlin syndrome: The nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and characterized by a broad face, rib malformations, and an extraordinary predisposition to basal cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer.
The gene for Gorlin syndrome has been mapped to chromosome 9 and has been identified as PTCH, the human homolog of the Drosophila "patched" gene PTC.
The syndrome had been previously described but it was first delineated in its full extent in 1960 by Robert J Gorlin and Robert W Goltz. Although Dr. Gorlin described many syndromes, none is more closely connected with his name than this syndrome. It has also been called the basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), and the Gorlin-Goltz syndrome..
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2012
Back to MedTerms online medical dictionary A-Z List
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text:
To wince is to make a grimace or twist your face, often involuntary done in anticipation of pain.(verb)
An example of wince is the face you make just before you get a shot by the doctor.
See wince in Webster's New World College Dictionary
Origin: ME wynsen < Anglo-Fr var. of OFr guenchir < Frank *wenkjan, akin to OHG wankon, to totter, turn: for IE base see winch
Origin: var. of winch
See wince in American Heritage Dictionary 4
intransitive verb winced winced, winc·ing, winc·es
Origin: Middle English wincen, to kick
Origin:, from Old North French *wencier
Origin:, variant of Old French guencir
Origin:, of Germanic origin.
Learn more about wince


text:
HeLa cells (a strain of human cells cultured in the laboratory) have a mitotic cycle of about 24 hours, of which about 11 hrs is spent in G1, about 8 hrs in S, about 4 hrs in G2, and about 1 hr in mitosis. If you took a sample of HeLa cells from a culture, and looked at it through the microscope, in about what % of cells would you expect the chromosomes to be visible?
The answer is about 1 cell in 24, or 4.2%, would be expected to have visible chromosomes.
I have been doing this prolem several times now and I can't figure out how to do it. I am so confused. Can you also explained the number of chromosomes you get from mitosis?
The first part of your question is one sometimes examined in cell biology labs where mitosis (cell division) is being observed ( for an example and some explanations of key concepts see _URL_ An assumption made during these exercises is that, given a statistically sufficient sample of the total cell population, the number of cells you see in a given phase is equal to the time they spend in that phase. Since the total time required for cell division to take place in the HeLa cells is 24 hrs, and the length of time cells spend in mitosis is one...


Please review all information at _URL_
prior to filling out the application.
Grant Application
 1. School Data
 - -
 - -
 2. Applicant (primary contact)
 - -
 - -
 (select all that apply)
 3. Grant Coordinator (If different from above)
 - -
 - -
 (select all that apply)
 4. If neither the applicant nor the grant coordinator is a certified school librarian, please identify the certified school librarian who will be assisting with collection development.
 - -
 - -
 (select all that apply)
 5. Grant recipients must be within 20 miles of a Dollar General store, distribution center or corporate office. Please identify the closest Dollar General facility. Dollar General Locator
 6. Type of Disaster
 7. Grant (Up to $20,000)
 8. How did you learn about Beyond Words: the Dollar General school library relief fund?
 (Check all that apply.)
 The purpose is to provide relief to public school libraries that have incurred substantial damage or hardship (including the absorption of displaced/evacuee students) due to a natural disaster (tornado, earthquake, hurricane, flood, avalanche, mudslide, etc.), fire or an act recognized by the Federal Government as terrorism. The goal is to replace or supplement books, media, and/or library equipment that support learning in a school library environment.
 9. Describe the impact/level of disruption of the disaster on the school library program. (Include the addition of displaced/evacuee students.)
 Limited to 1400 characters: about 150 words
 10. Describe the extent of loss or damage to the school library collection of books, media and equipment. Include a percentage of th eoverall collection that was lost or damaged.
 (Limited to 1400 characters: about 150 words)
 11. How do you plan to use the funds to alleviate the disaster or hardship to the school library program and collection?
 Limited to 1400 characters; about 150 words
 12. Estimate the budget expenditures showing how the funds will be spent in the school library setting. Note, grant monies may not be used for furniture, shelving, curricular materials or classroom sets.
 (limited to 1000 characters: about 100 words)
 13. Describe any extenuating or unique circumstances that affect your school, community or library as a result of the disaster/hardship.
 (limited to 1000 characters: about 100 words)
 14. Please indicate the type of state-certified school library professional you have in your school library program
 15. Would you like to be considered for the catastrophic grant of $50,000?
 16. In order to qualify for a catastrophic award you must be able to offer documentation of a 90% or greater loss to your school library resourcescan you document a 90% or greater loss?
 17. Please expand on your previous narrative to describe the impact a $50,000 grant would have on your school library program, the students, faculty and community.
 (limited to 3000 characters: about 500 words)
I,, principal of the, hereby certify the accuracy of the information provided in the application. Further, I fully support the submission of this application to Beyond Words: the Dollar General school library relief fund to support the school library and the project described therein. Further, I certify that funds granted by Beyond Words will not be used to supplant (replace) money normally budgeted for the school library program. I understand that these funds are to be used for the purposes in the application. I also agree to have the information we have submitted included as part of aggregated, unanimous data used for research purposes. If our school is funded, we agree to participate in publicity to promote the goals of the Program and to report on the use of the funds within one year.
Only this online application will be accepted. No faxed, emailed or print forms will be accepted. Look over your application carefully before submitting. We recommend you save your content information in your own Word file before submission.


text:
How a microwave oven works
Ever wondered exactly how a microwave oven heats your food? EngineerGuy Bill Hammack has you covered.
A professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Illinois, US, Hammack goes by the moniker "EngineerGuy" online, demystifying complicated mechanical concepts.
His explanation of the microwave oven, below, is fascinating, breaking down the components that drive the machine and then describing exactly what happens on a molecular level.


In the absence if air resistance, it is plausible that thetime, t, that it takes for an object to fall (starting from rest)to the ground is a function of its initial height, h, and theacceleration of gravity, g. assume that the relation between t, h,and g has the following form:
 t = C hagb
where C, a, and b are (as of yet) unknown dimensionlessconstants. find values for the constants a and b that will makeboth sides of this equation have the same dimensions. can we findthe value of C using this method?
Expert Answer
Get this answer with Chegg Study


File README.SUSE of Package kernel-source.16628
Michal Marek <>, SUSE Labs, 2010
This document gives an overview of how SUSE Linux kernels are
created, and describes tasks like building individual kernels
and creating external kernel modules.
A companion HOWTO that describes how to build driver update disks (among
other things) is available at:
 Compiling your own kernel
 Building additional (external) modules
 Supported vs. unsupported modules
 Patch selection mechanism
 Where to find configuration files
 How to configure the kernel sources
 Module load paths
The kernels for SUSE are generated from the vanilla Linux kernel sources
found at, on top of which a number of patches are
applied. The resulting kernel source tree is configured and built,
resulting in a binary kernel.
The add-on patches and configuration files are maintained in
a GIT repository at
A script (scripts/ packs up the files in the repository in a
form suitable for rpmbuild. When building the RPM packages, the
following binary packages get created:
 * kernel-source
 The kernel source tree, generated by unpacking the vanilla kernel
 sources and applying the patches. The kernel sources are used by
 additional kernel modules.
 * kernel-devel
 A subset of the kernel-source package that is needed to build
 external modules.
 * kernel-$FLAVOR
 packages are all generated from the same kernel sources, and
 differ in the kernel configurations used.
 * kernel-$FLAVOR-base
 A subset of kernel-$FLAVOR, for use in paravirtualized quests that
 only require a few device and filesystem drivers.
 * kernel-$FLAVOR-devel
 The files used for generating kernel module packages for use with
 * kernel-syms
 A meta package that pulls in the relevant kernel-$FLAVOR-devel
 packages for a given architecture.
The repository contains the configuration files (.config) for all SUSE
kernel flavors. All configuration files are included in the dependencies
of the kernel-syms package (see WHERE TO FIND CONFIGURATION FILES below).
following directories:
 The kernel sources.
 * /usr/src/linux
 This document.
The kernel-$FLAVOR-devel packages install the following files:
 Kernel build object files for one kernel flavor. These
 files are used for compiling additional kernel modules.
 * /usr/src/linux-obj/$ARCH/$FLAVOR
The kernel sources are found in the kernel-source package. The
recommended way to produce a binary kernel is:
 (1) Install kernel-source. Change to the /usr/src/linux directory.
 (2) Create a build directory for use in configuring and building
 the kernel. Using /usr/src/linux directly requires root priviledges
 and will cause problems if you need to build kernel modules for
 other installed kernels.
 (3) Configure the kernel (for example, ''make -C /usr/src/linux
 O=$(pwd) oldconfig'', see HOW TO CONFIGURE THE KERNEL SOURCES).
 (4) Build the kernel and all its modules (''make'').
 allow_unsupported_modules 1
 otherwise modprobe will refuse to load any modules.
 to update the boot map.
Instead of building binary kernels by hand, you can also build
one of the kernel-$FLAVOR packages using RPM.
A single binary kernel module generally only works for a specific
version of the kernel source tree, for a specific architecture and
by the modversion mechanism: modversions attach a checksum to each
the symbols the module uses have changed between the two kernel
When releasing maintenance or security update kernels for a specific
case, those kernel modules must be rebuilt.
Additional kernel modules for one of the SUSE kernel flavors can be
built in three different ways:
 (1) by configuring the kernel sources in a separate build directory
 (2) by using one of the standard configurations in
 Kernel Module Packages Manual,
The first method involves the following steps:
 (1) Install the kernel-source package.
 (2) Configure the kernel, see HOW TO CONFIGURE THE KERNEL SOURCES.
 (3) Create files required for compiling external modules:
 ''make prepare'' and ''make scripts''.
 and typing ''make -C $(your_build_dir) M=$(pwd)''.
 (5) Install the module(s) by typing
 ''make -C $(your_build_dir) M=$(pwd) modules_install''.
The second method involves the following steps:
 (1) Install the kernel-devel package.
 (2) Install the kernel-$FLAVOR-devel package. This is necessary for
 symbol version information (CONFIG_MODVERSIONS).
 Substitute $ARCH and $FLAVOR with the architecture and flavor
 for which to build the module(s).
 If the installed kernel sources match the running kernel, you
 can build modules for the running kernel by using the path
 (4) Install the module(s) with
Whenever building modules, please use the kernel build infrastructure as
Documentation/kbuild directory in the kernel sources documents kbuild
not have the necessary expertise are marked as unsupported. Modules for
which SUSE has third-party support agreements are marked as externally
supported. Modules for which SUSE provides direct support are marked as
Modinfo will report one of the following:
 - direct support by SUSE: "supported: yes"
 - third-party support: "supported: external"
 - unsupported modules: no supported tag.
parameter and /proc/sys/kernel/unsupported determines whether
unsupported module causes a warning in the system log:
 0 = only allow supported modules,
 1 = warn when loading unsupported modules,
 2 = don't warn.
Irrespective of this setting, loading an externally supported or unsupported
Oopses. The taint status of the kernel can be inspected in
 bit 3 = (reserved),
 so far).
 - "Pxxx" if bit 0 set or else
 "Gxxx" if bit 0 unset,
 - "xFxx" if bit 1 set or else
 "x xx" if bit 1 unset,
 - "xxSx" if set or else
 "xx x" if bit 2 unset,
 - "xxxU" if bit 4 set or else
 "xxxX" if bit 5 set or else
 "xxx ".
By default, out-of-tree modules will not have the supported flag (that
is, they will be marked as unsupported). For building externally
supported modules, please get in touch with Solid Driver Program team,
led by Scott Bahling, at <>.
number of patches is applied. The file series.conf determines which
patches are applied and which are excluded. A script named "guards"
converts series.conf into a plain list of patch files to be applied.
Guards decides which patches to include and exclude based on a list of
symbols. From the kernel-source.src.rpm package, a fully patched
kernel source tree can be generated from vanilla sources + patches like
 # Install the package:
 $ rpm -i kernel-source.src.rpm
 # Unpack the patches and the kernel sources:
 $ cd /usr/src/packages/SOURCES
 $ for f in patches.*.tar.bz2; do \
 tar -xjf "$f" || break; \
 $ tar -xjf linux-2.6.5.tar.bz2
 # Apply the patches
 $ for p in $(./guards < series.conf); do
The configuration script config.conf which is similar to series.conf is
used for configuration file selection. See the section WHERE TO FIND
The file format of series.conf and config.conf should be obvious from
Kernel configuration files are stored in the kernel GIT repository. When
packing up the repository, they end up in config.tar.bz2.
kernel-$FLAVOR packages install their configuration files as
config is also packaged in the kernel-$FLAVOR-devel package as
configured based on /proc/config.gz with ''make silentoldconfig''.
Before a binary kernel is built or an additional loadable module
be created with a configuration that is identical to the kernel's
contained in a single file. The kernel-syms package installs
configurations for all standard SUSE kernel variants, so for building
only external kernel modules it is not necessary to configure the kernel
Configuring the kernel sources for a specific configuration is
 - Copy the configuration to the file.config in your build directory.
 - Run the following commands in sequence to apply the configuration,
 generate version information files, etc.:
 make -C /usr/src/linux O=$PWD clean
 make -C /usr/src/linux O=$PWD oldconfig
 sources do not match the configuration file exactly, ''make
 oldconfig'' will prompt for settings that are undefined. Once this
 step is completed, a Makefile will have been created that eliminates
 the need to specify the locations of the kernel source and the build
 For configuring the kernel to match the running kernel, you can use
 the file /proc/config.gz, unpack it into into.config, and then run
 ''make oldconfig''.
Typically patches are added to the appropriate patches.* directory (e.g.
patches.fixes) and to series.conf. When the kernel-source package is
exported from the git repository, the patch will be automatically added
to the appropriate patch tarball.
If your


Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
quadrennial happening once every four years. [3 definitions]
quadrifour.
quadrilateral having four sides. [2 definitions]
quadrille1 a formal square dance with five separate movements executed by four couples. [2 definitions]
quadrille2 an eighteenth-century card game for four players.
quadrillion the number represented by the Arabic numeral 1015. [2 definitions]
quadripartite having four parts or divisions. [2 definitions]
quadriplegia paralysis of the entire body, from the neck down.
quadrivalent having a valence of four; tetravalent. [2 definitions]
quadrivium in medieval universities, the higher section of the liberal arts, comprising arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. (Cf. trivium.)
quadroon a person who is one quarter black and three quarters white; the child of a mulatto and a white person.
quadruped having four feet. [2 definitions]
quadruple having four parts; quadripartite. [5 definitions]


text:
Posted: Aug 17, 2011 12:06 PM
Source: Associated Press
NEW ORLEANS - Trying to fight a huge fish kill in the Pearl River, authorities in Mississippi have temporarily increased discharges from the Ross Barnett Reservoir.
The action late Tuesday by the Pearl River Valley Water Supply District was designed to increase fresh water in the river, dilute pollutants and increase the oxygen level in river water.
Last week, a black substance entered the river near the Temple-Inland Inc. paper plant at Bogalusa, La., and hundreds of thousands of fish have died. But officials haven't determined the exact source of the pollution. Louisiana environmental officials said the mill reported a problem last week at its wastewater plant.
The mill remained closed Wednesday as authorities awaited the results of water testing.
On Wednesday, the Lake Pontchartrain Basin Foundation said at least some pollution had entered the lake. The foundation said that on Tuesday, a 10-mile long line of white foam stretched from Rigolets Pass to Bayou Banfouca, scattering dead catfish. However, the foundation said oxygen levels in the lake appeared normal.
"It is likely the foam and dead fish were carried by tides in normal lake water and may not indicate that significant polluted water has entered Lake Pontchartrain," the foundation said in a statement.
Scientists said the fish kill was likely due to a resulting lack of water oxygen stemming from the pollution.
It likely will take several days for the additional discharge at the Ross Barnett Reservoir near Jackson to reach the affected area of the river, said Trudy Fisher, executive director of the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality.
The reservoir was created by impounding the Pearl River between Madison and Rankin counties in Mississippi. It was completed in 1965 and has since become a popular place for boating, sailing, camping and fishing.
John Sigman, the water supply district's general manager, said the increased discharges would have little effect on the reservoir, other than a slight decrease in the water level.
"We will return to normal discharge rates after we are able to determine the effects on the lower Pearl River," Sigman said.
As of Wednesday, the Mississippi DEQ said the kill stretched 35 miles to 40 miles along the river from Bogalusa to the Mississippi Sound. The agency said that the kill numbered hundreds of thousands of fish and mussels and has endangered species such as the Gulf Sturgeon, Ringed Sawback Turtles and an endangered mussel.
St. Tammany Parish said last Tuesday it was planning to declare a state of emergency and request state assistance for the affected area. Parish officials said drinking water supplies head not been affected.
Health authorities have told people to avoid the river and not eat fish from the river from between Bogalusa and Poplarville, Miss., southwards to around Slidell.


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How to Gather and Disseminate Information During and Following a Crisis?
Created on September 27, 2012
Communications before, during and following an emergency is bi-directional. Stakeholders or audiences will ask questions and request information. The business will answer questions and provide information. This flow of information should be managed through a communications hub.
Contact and Information Centers form the "hub" of the crisis communications plan. The centers receive requests for information from each audience and disseminate information to each audience. Employees from multiple departments may be assigned to communicate with a specific audience.
The "contact center" fields inquiries from customers, suppliers, the news media and others. The contact center should be properly equipped and staffed by personnel to answer requests for information. The staff working within the contact center should be provided with scripts and a "frequently asked questions" (FAQ) document to answer questions consistently and accurately.
The "information center" consists of existing staff and technologies (e.g., website, call center, bulletin boards, etc.) that field requests for information from customers, employees and others during normal business hours. The information center and its technologies can be used to push information out to audiences and post information for online reading.


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November 22, 2010 | CUNY Lecture Series, Graduate Center
Two Cuban revolutionaries, Félix Varela and José Martí, would find both prosperity and purpose in New York City during the 1800s. "They were drawn to Gotham because of its tolerance for political expression," says Carmen Boullosa, a Distinguished Lecturer at City College, "and by the possibility of winning moral and financial support." Varela, a Catholic priest who fled a death sentence by the Spanish crown, went on to publish a Spanish-language newspaper in New York that advocated the independence of Cuba and the abolition of slavery, and Martí, a beloved poet and essayist, became a national hero of the Cubans. Boullosa explores the historical and cultural connections of the Spanish-speaking world with New York City during the past two centuries, in a panel moderated by Mike Wallace and presented by the Gotham Center for New York City History at the CUNY Graduate Center.
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well as to a] general audience.
[So] no, [there are] not really [others like it] because most [databases] have information about sequences. Some have [information] about the tree of life, but none of the databases are actually programmed in a way that can be accessed for a specific purpose.
In a knowledgebase like TimeTree, the focus is on allowing people to identify a pair of species and bring [together] all the results people can [gather. The] options are very straightforward and specific, and the idea is to give information to a general audience. … Researchers also will have access to data in a more complex [manner].
The primary interface is for general users, undergrads, molecular biologists, kids. Think about Google. You have a single line where you can enter your query and get a bunch of results. We will keep it as simple as possible.
So how many hits a day are you getting on the site right now, before the enhancement is through?
At present, we are getting 150 hits per day.
What else can you tell me about the technology involved on this? Any particulars about the database? Its size, capacity, et cetera.
The database currently contains results from 70 studies, with an additional 100 studies to be added. There are more than 1,000 divergence times in the database today, which will expand to 3,000 with the next edition.
How else are you funded besides by the Science Foundation? Is this the only grant supporting TimeTree?
At present, Science Foundation of Arizona is our primary sponsor. However, the development of the initial TimeTree website was sponsored by the National Science Foundation.


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When photographing flowers, it is easy to be distracted by their overall general natural beauty and hard to overcome the urge to just start snapping frame after frame without much rhyme or reason. While some shots can produce lovely results, try the following tips to hone in on each flowers unique characteristics, and produce some images that pay tribute to a flowers stunning individuality.
1. Select the flower carefully. When choosing one flower (or flowers) to photograph out of a group, find the flower that has the least amount of natural flaws. Things such as wilted or browning petals will be amplified in the photo. Sometimes by just changing the angle of your camera, these often subtle imperfections can be minimized.
2. Get up close. The closer you can get to a flower, the more detail will be captured and will improve the photos composition. The texture of each individual petal and pod will draw interest and create depth in the photograph.
3. Isolate the flower. When you move in close to the intended flower, try to adjust the angle so that there is not a lot of background color. This can be difficult if photographing one flower amongst many, but not impossible. The less the amount of distraction in the background, the more the flower will take center stage in the photo itself. If using a digital or SLR camera, use a wide aperture which will cause the background to be slightly blurry, but keep the flower in clear focus.
4. Be sure the flower is still. Photographing flowers outside does not come without challenges. Even the slightest breeze can cause your subject to waver and sway, especially those with very thin stems. If the day is particularly windy or rainy, try photographing some indoor flora. If using a digital camera, it may help to keep the image sharp by increasing the shutter speed.
5. Consider the lighting. Harsh lighting or direct sunlight can cause harsh shadows and sometimes wash out the details of the flower in photos. If the day does happen to be very sunny, carry an umbrella to cast your own shadow. Don't be afraid to experiment with bright sunny light; the right angle can produce some dramatic, high contrast images. Overcast or cloudy days provide the ideal light for photographing flowers. Back lighting can also produce some stunning flower images. Again, get creative with angles and locations for optimum results.
6. Dew drops create additional interest. If you happen to be photographing flowers early in the morning or after a rain shower, take advantage of the opportunity to capture droplets on the petals. The water adds another dimension of texture to the photo, and makes the flowers appear fresh.
7. Consider the angle. As mentioned previously, the angle can play a crucial role in the final photo. Think outside of the box and get down low by bending, kneeling, or even laying down. Sometimes the best angles take a bit of creativity.
8. Crop your image later. You may find that you have taken some great shots, and all they need is a bit of refining. Most photography software allows you the option to crop your image. This is also an opportunity to crop particular details, and create a new image altogether.
Flowers are all unique and each contains their own special beauty. The next time you are somewhere that has stunning flowers, take the time to get up close and take some pictures – even using your cell phone, and see if you can capture some amazing images. Looking for somewhere with lots of opportunities? Check out the botanical gardens at _URL_.


High-quality data is the first step for training Machine-Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, but obtaining this information is difficult as most knowledge about drugs exists within scientific publications in an unstructured text format.
This is where DrugBank comes in. Drugbank's data solutions solve this problem by providing detailed, machine-readable information that lets customers explore AI strategies for drug discovery, development, and repurposing and incorporate extensive scientific knowledge to make their customer's models more powerful.
DrugBank interviewed Richard Smith, Senior Software Developer at Healx, an AI-powered biotech company from Cambridge (UK), to illustrate how a company might utilize DrugBank data in their products...
View the full case study here.


Uncertainty questions???
When I am finding an area of a square with an uncertainty it's obvious I do A=lw then Au=A[(lu/l)+(wu/w)). If I am doing the same with a cube, does the same logic apply? Vu=V[(lu/l)+(wu/w)+(hu/h)]. This is where lu is uncertainty of length, wu is uncertainty of width, and h is uncertainty of height. I'm thinking if the same applies with cube then rectangular prism should be straightforward.
Where I am stuck on is cylinder. Let's say the radius is 10.0cm and the height is 30cm. How exactly would I find the uncertainty of a cylinder?
in progress 0
General Physics RvTDLR 4 years 1 Answer 562 views 0
About RvTDLR
Answer ( 1 )
 1. The error formula comes from using differentials to estimate the error.
 For a rectangle:
 dA = l*dw + w * dl
 Factor out the lw
 dA = lw(dw/w + dl/l) = A(dw/w + dl/l)
 For a rectangular prism:
 V = lwh = l(wh)
 dV = l * d(wh) + wh*dl
 dV = l * (w*dh + h*dw) + wh*dl
 dV = lw*dh + lh*dw + wh*dl
 Factor out lwh and you are left with
 dV = lwh (dh/h + dw/w + dl/l) = dV = V (dh/h + dw/w + dl/l)
 For a cube:
 V = x^3
 dV = 3x^2 dx
 dV = V( 3dx/x)
 Which is the same formula as the prism when l = w = h.
Leave an answer


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The poplar tree is common throughout Europe. Foresters
like it because it is fast growing. As a crop, however, it
has a drawback in that the properties of its fibres are not
quite ideal for the biggest potential market - pulp for paper
products. As a result, Europe imports large amounts of eucalyptus,
which fits the bill perfectly. Researchers in France, Germany,
Sweden and the United Kingdom think they may have the answer.
Using genetic manipulation techniques, they have produced
poplar hybrids that offer the promise of much improved properties
for the pulp producers. The researchers have set out on the
path of commercialising their results, selecting the genes
that they believe will give the best results and testing the
properties of the resulting hybrid trees.
Trees of the populus genus - poplars to you and me - grow freely throughout the Northern hemisphere. Arabidopsis, on the other hand, is a small flowering plant that is widely used as a model organism in plant biology. It is a member of the mustard (Brassicaceae) family, which includes cultivated species such as cabbage and radish. Arabidopsis is not of major agronomic significance, but it offers important advantages for basic research in genetics and molecular biology. A point not lost on Dr Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann. Dr Perrot-Rechenmann is co-ordinating the 'POPWOOD' project and the humble arabidopsis plays a key role in the team's efforts to improve the properties of the poplar tree as a cash crop in European silviculture, using genetic engineering techniques.
But why poplar, and why arabidopsis? "Poplar is rapid growing, will prosper virtually anywhere in Europe, and its timber is almost perfect for the production of pulp for the paper industry," explains Dr Perrot-Rechenmann. "The important word here, though, is 'almost'. It doesn't quite get top marks. As a result, Europe imports huge quantities of eucalyptus, which fits the bill perfectly." How then, can arabidopsis help? "It is one of the few plants that has been fully genomically mapped," she says, "and although it bears little physical similarity to the poplar, genetically, it is very close. It has a very quick'seed-to-seed' cycle time - just six weeks - and therefore represents a fertile source of genetic material. Using it as a source of novel genetic resources, we believe that we can improve the poplar, to the benefit of foresters throughout Europe."
Taming the gene genie
A noble aim. There are, however, widespread - and probably well-founded - worries of genetically modified species cross-pollinating with neighbouring crops, producing unwanted hybrids. "Not a problem," Dr PerrotRechenmann reassures us. "Our plan is to produce a poplar crop that can be harvested at the age of seven years - before it flowers for the first time, so no contamination is possible. Doing this, we even avoid the need to replant. The stump of a young tree, when felled, will simply start over again and produce new growth."
It is a question of modifying the vascular system - the fluid conducting mechanism that helps govern the features of all life as we know it. In particular, the scientists involved in this project are investigating the properties of vascular tissues, such as outer wall thickness and xylem cells (the primary water transport and wood-forming units). If they are right, they could alter fibrillar nature of poplar cells so that the tree could be tailored to give just the right properties to make it an attractive crop.
Soft cell, hard cell?
Work is progressing well, and the team is confident it
can succeed. The breadth of the project does not, however,
stop there. "Our colleagues in Sweden have been working
hard on perfecting software modelling techniques," explains
Dr Perrot-Rechenmann. "These should allow us to use young
cells, apply three-dimensional simulation algorithms, and
develop computer images of the cell structure of a mature
tree, based on evidence available from young specimens.
We have vastly improved our knowledge of vascular development
and wood formation, and we can now engineer transgenic poplars
with enhanced fibre and wood properties."
The technology is still in its infancy. "We still have a
long way to go," admits Dr PerrotRechenmann, "before the
results of this project have a significant impact on the
European citizen. What we have learned so far, though, leads
us to believe that young trees - just a few years old -
can be a viable crop."
In the meantime, the partners are busy preparing the path
towards future commercial implementation of their results.
They have selected genes that regulate vascular properties,
manipulated vascular development within hybrids, and evaluated
the properties of the fibres produced by these transgenic
Does this all sound a little frightening? Perhaps. But do
not be too concerned. Breeders of domestic animals have
been doing this since the Stone Age. Prime specimens have
always been mated with other best of breeds. The workers
in this project are simply speeding up the process for trees.
We have completed our screen of mutant libraries having
screened 4000 Landsberg erecta and 2000 Columbia M2 mutant
plants. The screen was carried out entirely using chemically
(ethyl methyl sulphonate) mutagenised plants. Large scale
expression analysis on microarrays using poplar ESTs has
provided invaluable information on the pattern of expression
of about 6000 EST. Knock out mutants have been identifi
ed within the LAX gene family by screening of the SLAT Arabidopsis
populations. Research in wood and fi bres has been limited
by lack of effi cient measurement methods. A set of characterisation
methods has been established, useful in tree improvement
programs for evaluation of properties of young hardwood,
|Project Co-ordinator: Dr Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann
Telephone: +33 1 698 23588
Address: Institut des Sciences du Végétal,
Group Auxin Perception and Transport
Avenue de la Terrasse, Bât 23
F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, Cedex FRANCE


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"What a wonderful surprise this book is! With fabulous illustrations and insightful text, Spirits of the Air explores the deep connections between Native Americans of the South and the rich bird life that was so much a part of their environment and lives. For birders, the book provides a thought-provoking opportunity to move beyond identification and ponder our deeper and more universal relationship to these beautiful creatures that we so love and seek out."
—Don and Lillian Stokes, authors of Stokes Field Guide to Birds
Krech, a renowned authority on Native American interactions with nature, reveals as never before the omnipresence of birds in Native American life. From the time of the earliest known renderings of winged creatures in stone and earthworks through the nineteenth century, when Native southerners took part in decimating bird species with highly valued, fashionable plumage, Spirits of the Air examines the complex and changeable influences of birds on the Native American worldview.
We learn of birds for which places and people were named; birds common in iconography and oral traditions; birds important in ritual and healing; and birds feared for their links to witches and other malevolent forces. Still other birds had no meaning for Native Americans. Krech shows us these invisible animals too, enriching our understanding of both the Indian-bird dynamic and the incredible diversity of winged life once found in the South. A crowning work drawing on Krech's distinguished career in anthropology and natural history, Spirits of the Air recovers vanished worlds and shows us our own anew.
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Why cities should consider using facial recognition
Why cities should consider using facial recognition
More and more, municipal officials are turning to technologies to make cities smarter, safer and more livable. In this regard, facial recognition can come in handy to help solve various challenging municipal issues.
"Driven by data intelligence and grounded in values of sustainability, mobility and connectivity, cities can streamline their evolution by embracing new technologies, backed by data and artificial intelligence," said a recent blogpost by Convergint. "One emerging technology that is becoming more important for cities is facial recognition. By integrating facial recognition capabilities cities are enabled to improve their performance."
According to Convergint, facial recognition brings various benefits for cities. These are summarized as follows.
Find and recover missing persons
Locating and finding missing persons is always a top priority for municipalities, and facial recognition can help in this regard. "Facial recognition can significantly accelerate technology operators' efforts by enabling them to add a reference photo provided by the missing person's relatives and match it with past appearances of that face that have been captured on video," the post said. "Using facial recognition to search video based on the approximate area and time the person disappeared, police can quickly understand the person's movements before going missing, locate where the person was last seen on camera, and configure real-time alerts to trigger an alarm whenever face matches are identified."
Identify and track known offenders
According to the post, face matching can be used to enable police to track and identify past offenders suspected of perpetrating an additional crime. "By using an image of an offender from within a video, an uploaded external image, or a national offenders repository, operators can use facial recognition to detect matches that appear in live video and quickly respond to suspicious behavior," it said.
Efficiently investigate and reduce crime
Needless to say, fighting crime is a major effort for any municipality. "The same way face matching can be used to detect suspicious behavior in real-time, it can be used to support investigators searching for video evidence in the aftermath of an incident," Convergint said. "The ability to isolate the appearances of specific suspects and individuals is critical for accelerating investigators' review of video evidence to pinpoint relevant details and understand how situations developed."
Manage city staff and optimize their productivity
Internally, facial recognition can also be used to drive productivity within city hall, the post said. "By tracking the appearances of city workers across the cameras at city hall, the city can easily verify and track attendance records. Similarly, they can use it to confirm that cleaning staff is performing the maintenance being reported as complete," it said. "From a customer service standpoint, cities can leverage video analytics to derive quantitative intelligence about traffic patterns at city hall, like when crowding occurs, how long visitors wait for service, or which city employees are most efficient in providing support."
A word on regulation compliance
While facial recognition has become more accurate and can help cities with various objectives, it has also introduced a range of issues and concerns, including those dealing with residents' privacy. "Cities and governments are still exploring how to balance the benefits of technology with the legal and regulatory concerns over its use. The laws governing the use of video surveillance and facial recognition vary from country to country, and when deploying such a system, it is important to comply with the applicable regulation," the post said. "Cities continue to work with their technology producers, federal governments, and residents to navigate the use of face recognition, ensuring fairness, transparency, accountability, and privacy compliance."
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A photo of a Syrian Child turned into drawing. The photo of Omran caught the world's attention. Omran Daqneesh is an innocent victim of war. How many innocent children affected in Syrian war. I do hope the world will rescue the children and give them a better future. Omran is a reminder that the world should take action to stop war and killings.
What's the sense of fighting for your religion and philosophy if it your actions contradicts your beliefs. Is that what you want people? Children are suffering because of your "religion and philosophy"? Use your brain and conscience.
A boy drawing from Pinoy Artist, Hussain Lulu. Rate this drawing.
Find a pictures of Omran Daqneesh on the internet. You can download them or save it in your computer or smartphone.
Prepare your the drawings tools and materials needed for this piece of art.
- Picture of Omran Daqneesh
- Colored Pencil
How to Draw (Portrait Drawing Tips)
Step 1. Create a graph in your picture. The squares found in the graph should be equally measured. Mark your graphs with Letters (e.g. A-Z) and Numbers (e.g. 0-9).
Step 2. In your clean drawing pad. Create a graph bigger than the one you created in the picture of Omran Daqneesh. Enlarge the measurements in the graphs and mark them with letters and numbers.
Step 3. Draw the lines in each graph or squares. Start with the shape of the head followed by its parts like eyes, nose, lips, hair and ears. Then, draw the body (shoulders) and the clothes.
Step 4. Apply blending of colors. Just make the colors the same to the model picture.
Drawing Tips and Techniques
- Do not draw the picture with haste or in a hurry. Draw the parts of the head one at a time.
- Use light lines when creating graphs. Graphs will serve as your guide when drawing a portrait.
- Spend more time in blending to make your drawing beautiful and look like a real photo. You can apply rough or smooth blending depending on how you want your drawing will look like.
- Do not forget to erase unnecessary lines.


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Frequently Asked Questions:
What are Pavement Sealers and why are they used?
Pavement sealers are emulsion coatings designed to extend the life of asphalt from damage caused by UV degradation, gas/oil, road salt and prevent water from entering into the pavement which causes freeze/thaw damage. Pavement sealers protect the natural characteristics of pavement, and help retain it's integrity longer. Re-paving is expensive and uses a lot of our natural resources and energy, preventing this capital outlay is one of the benefits of sealing.
What are pavement sealers made out of?
Currently the majority of pavement sealers are an emulsion, a mixture consisting typically of water, clay, sand, polymers and usually less than 20% of either asphalt or refined coal tar.
How long have pavement sealers been in existence?
The products have been applied for over six decades and is a tried and true way to protect & beautify a pavement, ie. prolonging it from having to be repaved which consumes A LOT of energy (fuel to manufacture, deliver and install) and natural resources.
Are pavement sealers hazardous?
No, air sampling studies showed refined coal tar based sealers pose no inhalation risk to applicators, manufacturers or the general public. Research with insurance carriers (both in liability and workers comp) have supported the FACTS of no claim history.
What is the difference between refined coal tar based sealers and asphalt based sealers?
Asphalt emulsions have many of the same beneficial properties as refined coal tar based sealers except they lack the superior strength and resistance to petroleum, UV bleaching and road salts.
What are PAHs?
PAHs stand for Polycyclic Aromatic Hyrdocarbons (which are found in asphalt, vehicle exhaust and refined coal tar) and there is a very small percentage of PAHs in ready-to-use pavement sealers. PAHs are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat. There are more than 100 different PAHs and they are ubiquitous in the environment. Among the oldest known carcinogens in humans, PAHs are released into ecosystems from atmospheric emissions/auto exhaust. Other sources of PAHs come from when you grill on the barbeque, car/truck tires, asphalt/pavement, power generation, etc. The typical person is exposed to PAHs daily. PAHs typically occur as complex mixtures and not found as individual compounds.
Coal tar sealants are not to be confused with coal tar pitch. Coal tar sealants use a refined coal tar known as Refined Tar 12 and is usually less than 20% of a finished/ready–to-use sealer. The Refined Tar on it's own has not been shown to cause cancer in humans. Furthermore, any claim that "all" PAHs cause cancer is simply not accurate. With the exception of BAP (usually.002% of finished product), no other PAH has been characterized as a "known" human carcinogen by IARC, and most are not even "probable" human carcinogens."
How are people exposed to PAHs?
Smoking cigarettes and eating smoked and charcoal broiled meats and fish are significant sources of PAHs. Humans also inhale contaminated air from car exhaust, incinerators, automotive tire decomposition and asphalt processing and use. PAHs are present in pavement sealants but are are not soluble and are bound in the coating (ie. they do not enter our water supply). Research conducted indicates refined tar sealants are NOT a significant source of PAHs found in urban environments.
Do the PAHs in refined coal tar based sealants separate from the pavement and contaminate sediment or water?
Research shows that PAHs do not actively migrate to subsurface soils or groundwater. The chemical nature of PAHs cause them to bind to asphaltic material and they do not leach out of these substances into ground or water. PAHs in raw water will tend to adsorb to any particulate matter and be removed by any filtration before reaching the tap. (Refined coal tar based sealers do not solubilize or selectively release individual components into the air or water).
While research on PAHs in pavement sealants is continuing, the best information currently shows that the level of PAHs found in pavement sealants is too small to be considered a significant source of PAHs found in the urban environment. Testing (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) sometimes referred to as TCLP have shown sealer components do not leach into the environment.
A scientific review of the Austin study, commissioned by the Pavement Coatings Technology Council (PCTC) concluded that, in general, elevated PAHs were found only on the land (or parking lot) surface in samples with observable roadway material. Samples of soil and roadway runoff materials contained PAHs concentrations consistent with typical urban background soil levels. The PCTC review also concluded that it was not possible to directly link the PAHs concentrations that were found to pavement sealers, because of the many other sources of PAHs in the urban environment.