text:
The use of mobile data applications has grown dramatically over the last year, even as overall cell phone ownership has remained steady
Eight in ten American adults (82%) currently own a cell phone of some kind, a figure that has remained fairly stable over the past year. Since a similar point in 2006, the proportion of Americans with a mobile phone has risen by nine percentage points.
While overall mobile phone ownership has not grown over the last year, cell owners now take advantage of a much wider range of their phones' capabilities. Compared to when we asked these questions in April 2009, mobile phone owners are significantly more likely to use their phones to take pictures (76% now do this, up from 66% in April 2009); send or receive text messages (72% vs. 65%); play games (34% vs. 27%); send or receive email (34% vs. 25%); access the internet (38% vs. 25%); play music (33% vs. 21%); send or receive instant messages (30% vs. 20%); and record a video (34% vs. 19%).
Along with these eight activities, we also asked about seven additional cell phone data applications for the first time in our 2010 survey. Among all cell phone owners:
- 54% have used their mobile device to send someone a photo or video
- 23% have accessed a social networking site using their phone
- 20% have used their phone to watch a video
- 15% have posted a photo or video online
- 11% have purchased a product using their phone
- 11% have made a charitable donation by text message
- 10% have used their mobile phone to access a status update service such as Twitter
Young adults are much more likely than their elders to use mobile data applications, but cell phone access is becoming more prevalent among 30-49 year olds
Picture-taking and texting are near-ubiquitous among young adult cell phone owners. Fully 95% of cell-owning 18-29 year olds use the text messaging feature on their phones, and 93% use their mobile devices to take pictures. Since nine in ten young adults own a cell phone, that means that 85% of all 18-29 year olds text, and 83% take photos using a cell phone. Young adult cell phone owners are significantly more likely to do all of the other mobile data applications we asked about in our survey relative to older cell owners—often by fairly dramatic margins.
Although young adults are significantly more likely than all other age groups to use non-voice data applications on their mobile devices, these services are growing more popular among older adults (specifically, those ages 30-49). Compared with a similar point in 2009, cell owners ages 30-49 are significantly more likely to use their mobile phone to:
- Take pictures (83% of cell owners ages 30-49 now do this, compared with 71% in April 2009)
- Send or receive text messages (82% vs. 75%)
- Access the internet (43% vs. 31%)
- Record a video (39% vs. 21%)
- Send or receive email (37% vs. 30%)
- Play music (36% vs. 21%)
- Send or receive instant messages (35% vs. 21%)
Out of the eight mobile data activities we measured in both 2009 and 2010, playing games was the only one for which 30-49 year olds did not experience significant year-to-year growth—37% of cell owners ages 30-49 currently play games on a mobile phone, compared with the 32% who did so in 2009.
Minority Americans continue to outpace whites in their use of cell phone data applications
As we found in previous research on this topic, minority cell owners are significantly more likely than whites to use most non-voice data applications on their mobile devices. They also take advantage of a wider range of mobile phone features compared with whites. On average, white cell phone owners use 3.8 of the thirteen activities we measured, while black cell owners use an average of 5.4 and English-speaking Latinos use an average of 5.8 non-voice data applications.
Additional mobile data applications – sharing multimedia content and texting charitable donations
In a separate survey, we asked about two additional mobile activities—half of cell owners (54%) have used their mobile device to send a photo or video to someone else, and one in ten (11%) have made a charitable donation by text message.
As with the other mobile data applications discussed above, both of these activities are particularly common among young cell owners and minority Americans (particularly Latinos). Fully 81% of cell owners ages 18-29 have used their phone to send a photo or video to someone else, significant higher the proportion of cell owners ages 30-49 (63%), 50-64 (40%) or 65+ (18%) who have done so. Young cell owners are also more likely than cell owners in other age groups to make a charitable donation using the text messaging feature on their phones (19% of cell owners ages 18-29 have done so, compared with 10% of 30-49 year olds, 8% of 50-64 year olds and just 4% of cell owners 65 and up).
In terms of racial/ethnic comparisons, Latino cell phone owners are especially likely to do both of these activities using their mobile devices. Among cell owners, 70% of English-speaking Latinos have sent someone a photo or video (compared with 58% of African-Americans and 50% of whites) and 23% have made a charitable donation via text message (compared with 16% of African-Americans and 7% of whites).
More than half of mobile web users go online from their phones on a daily basis
In addition to being a growing proportion of the overall cell phone population, users of the mobile web now go online more frequently using their handheld devices than they did as recently as last year. More than half of all mobile internet users go online from their handheld devices on a daily basis—43% do so several times a day, and 12% do so about once a day. At a similar point in 2009, just 24% of mobile internet users went online several times a day.
Among mobile internet users, frequency of use is highest among the affluent and well-educated, as well as Latinos. Among those who go online using a handheld device 55% of English-speaking Hispanics, 52% of college graduates and 56% of those with a household income of $75,000 or more per year use their cell phone to go online several times a day. Young adults are also intense mobile internet users—52% of those ages 18-29 who go online using a cell phone do so several times a day, and an additional 17% do so about once a day—although 43% of mobile web users ages 30-49 go online multiple times a day.


text: In the past years Knowledge Management has dealt with various aspects of knowledge retention, knowledge sharing and knowledge development. It is agreed that knowledge documentation is essential for all these purposes, in order to enable their re‑use. Many books and articles have been written on accessibility of documents, revealing an understanding that knowledge that cannot be accessed cannot be re‑used. Most effort has been invested in providing the focused list of relevant documents to the user, while less research has been conducted on how to write the documentation so as to ease its reading, understanding and use. This issue seems to be critical as we notice that existing organizational knowledge is far from being fully utilized: for example, regulations and procedures, including the organization's wisdom, are written; however, recurring faults do occur. People tend not to re‑read entire or partial documents, even when the knowledge therein is needed. This paper describes a framework for the document's internal design. The research hypothesis claims that internal design, using the proposed enabling technique, eases understanding and usage of documents. It therefore reduces the knowledge loss. The research methodology implemented was a qualitative method; the strategy chosen was instrumental: multiple case study (Stake, 1995). The research sample included both organizations (public sector) and the public (KM readers), the research instruments consisting of documentation, archival records, interviews, direct‑observations, participant‑observation and physical artifacts. The findings suggest that internal documentation design eases reading, eases understanding and probably eases use. It therefore leverages knowledge understanding in documents, and reduces knowledge loss. The proposed framework may be useful for a large range of organizational documentation needs, from procedures of work, through SOW's, Engineering Specs, white papers and professional doctrines including organizational knowledge. The framework was designed for organizational Knowledge Management needs, but serves for external rich knowledge documentation as well. It has been used since 2007, in more than fifty cases in five different organizations in Israel.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Confederate Party
Fictional Political Party
The Guns of the South
Leader: Robert E. Lee,
Albert Gallatin Brown
Political Ideology: Federalism, nationalism, anti-slavery
Political Position: Center
The Confederate Party was the political party created by Robert E. Lee and Albert Gallatin Brown in 1867 after the Second American Revolution. One of the main planks of its platform was an end to slavery in the Confederacy. Its main opponent was the Patriot Party.
While Lee and Brown narrowly won the the 1867 election, the Party didn't gain substantial support for its anti-slavery plank until after the Rivington Men attempted to assassinate Lee on his Inauguration Day on March 4, 1868. While Lee survived, several people, including newly inaugurated Vice President Brown and Lee's wife Mary Anna Custis Lee were killed, discrediting the Rivington men and gaining sympathy for Lee's movement.
After the Rivington men were subdued and the truth of the future they hailed from was revealed, the concept of slavery grew more distasteful, and President Lee was able get a bill passed, with 52-41 in the House of Representatives and 14-10 in the Senate. The legislation made every black person born after December 31, 1872 free and began a compensatory emancipation of those born prior to that date.


text:
In Genesis 3:24, it is a Cherubim - an angel of the Lord who guards the Garden of Eden. They are depicted in the tabernacle and on the ark of the covenant, guarding the Throne of God. In all places, they are associated with angelic beings and are part of the host of heaven.
The difficulty in giving a verse calling a cherubim an angel is that angelos is a Greek word defining the job of a heavenly being (messenger). Cherubim are guards, not messengers. So, at the time of writing, cherubim would not have been Angelos.
But Angel has come to mean any heavenly being. Can we say that cherubim are heavenly beings? Yes. Clearly, for the reasons stated above. Can we say they are messengers? No. But in popular parlance, are angels just messengers or are they any kind of heavenly being? I would argue the popular notion of the word is that second definition - but that second definition doesn't come about until after the Scriptures are written. As such, you have to say Cherubim are what Angels have become.
Note, for example, from the Holman Bible Dictionary:
CHERUB or CHERUBIM (Chĕrʹ ŭ·bĭm) Class of winged angels.
And yet, an Angel is, by the same book's definition:
ANGEL Created beings whose primary function is to serve and worship God. Though some interpret the "us" in Gen. 1:26 as inclusive of God and His angelic court, the Bible does not comment as to when they were created. Unlike God they are not eternal or omniscient. The Hebrew word in the OT is malʾak, and the NT Greek word is angelos. They both mean "messenger" and occasionally refer to human messengers.
Holman goes on to say of cherubim:
The Hebrew cherub (plural, cherubim) is of uncertain derivation. In the OT it is the name of a class of winged angels who functioned primarily as guards (Gen. 3:24) or attendants (Ezek. 10:3–22). The only NT reference to cherubim is in a description of the furnishings of the holy of holies (Heb. 9:5).
Texts descriptive of the appearance and activities of cherubim reflect two contexts. One is in the visions of the presence of God attended by living creatures (cherubim and seraphim, Isa. 6:2–6; Ezek. 1:4–28; 10:3–22). The other is temple worship and the representations of cherubim which were a part of its furnishings (Exod. 25:18–22; 1 Kings 6:23–35; 2 Chron. 3:7–14).
The most impressive of the temple cherubim were the large sculptures (probably winged quadrupeds) in the holy of holies. If these were arranged as was common in the ancient Near East, the two cherubim would together form a throne. Their legs would be the legs of the throne, their backs the arm rests, and their wings the back of the throne. Consistent with the idea of a cherub throne are the texts which envision God dwelling between, enthroned upon, or riding upon the cherubim (1 Sam. 4:4; 2 Sam. 6:2; 22:11; 2 Kings 19:15; 1 Chron. 13:6; 28:18; Pss. 18:10; 80:1; 99:1; Isa. 37:16). Even Ezekiel's vision depicts the glory of God resting upon or between the cherubim as something of a living throne. See Angels.
In popular Christian understanding, cherubim (Ezekiel) and seraphim (Isaiah) are both kinds of angels. They are created beings who serve in the presence of God.
Take, for example, the classic hymn "Holy, Holy, Holy,"
Holy, holy, holy! All the saints adore Thee,
Casting down their golden crowns around the glassy sea;
Cherubim and seraphim falling down before Thee,
Who was, and is, and evermore shall be.
This text draws on imagery from revelation in which the entire host of heaven - angels and the resurrected saints, are all worshipping God.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Addressing Systemic Racism and Disparate Mental Health Outcomes for Youth of Color, An Issue of Child And Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics (The Clinics: Internal Medicine, Volume 31-2) (Original PDF from Publisher)
Format : Publisher PDF
File Size : 7.4 MB
ISBN : 9780323987653
By Lisa Fortuna MD MPH M.Div, Cheryl S. Al Mateen M.D. FAACAP DLFAPA, Lisa M. Cullins MD, W. David Lohr MD DFAPA DFAACAP
In this issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, guest editors Drs. Lisa Fortuna, Cheryl S. Al-Mateen, Lisa M. Cullins, and W. David Lohr bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Systemic Racism and Disparate Mental Health Outcomes for Youth of Color. This issue represents a collaboration by American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry committee members and includes contributions by top experts in the field. It is an invaluable resource for practicing psychiatrists looking to address the unique needs and experiences of black and BIPOC youth in their practices.
- Contains 15 relevant, practice-oriented topics including the intersection of race and ethnicity with mental health service utilization in foster care youth; understanding systemic racism and racial inequity juvenile justice system involvement; racial disparities in the education system; suicide among minoritized and marginalized youth; trauma and youth of color; parenting and family-based care; and more.
- Provides in-depth clinical reviews on systemic racism and disparate mental health outcomes for youth of color, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.
- Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
- Publisher : Elsevier (April 15, 2022)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 240 pages
- ISBN-10 : _PHONE_
- ISBN-13 : 978-_PHONE_
- ISBN-13 : 9780323987653
- eText ISBN: 9780323987660


text:
High Energy Physics (HEP) is a sub-discipline of Physics which seeks to understand the nature of space and time, the characteristics of the forces governing the interactions of matter and energy, and the origins of the properties of the elementary particles in high energy systems. HEP is an experimental and theoretical science.
Experimental HEP scientists team in thousand-strong collaborations to build the largest instruments ever, aiming to reproduce on Earth, through high-energy hadron collisions in vacuum, the energy densities of the universe at its birth (i.e. Large Hadron Collider, LHC).
At the same time, theoretical particle physicists are linked in global networks through which they collaborate to formulate hypotheses and theories aimed to predict and interpret experimental findings. (Aymar 2009, p.3)
HEP experimental research takes place mainly in international accelerator research centres in Europe, such as the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva or the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) in Hamburg; in the United States mainly at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) in California and the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in Illinois; and in Japan at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Tsukuba.
HEP theoretical research takes place in hundreds of universities and institutes worldwide, which also host experimental teams building parts of the large detectors used at the large accelerator laboratories and analyzing the data these collect. (Aymar 2008, p.3)


Fun for Family and Friends
Magical Mental Imagery
A really old classic mental magic trick, this is actually based on a simple mathematical quirk. It's a great magic trick to try on a friend or indeed on a member of an audience.
The Effect:
The magician apparently predicts the thoughts of the spectator..
How is this mental magic trick done?
1. Ask the spectator to choose a number between 2 and 9.
2. Tell them to take the number that they've chosen and multiply it by 9.
3. This should give them a two digit number. Told them to add the two digits of the number together. For example, if their number is 14, take the one and four and add them to make five.
4. Tell them to subtract five from the resulting number.
5. Ask them to take the number they now have and make it correspond to a letter in a alphabet. ie. A =1, B=2, C=3, etc.
6. Ask your spectator to take their letter, and think of a country that begins with that letter. For example, "B" might make them think of Brazil, "D" could be Denmark or "F" could be France.
7. Tell them to take the second letter in the name of that country and associate it with an animal. For example, "P" may go with Penguin and "Z" may associate with Zebra.
8. Ask the spectator if they now have a country and animal and that they have to hold those thoughts in their mind whilst you with the magician concentrate.
9. Ask the spectator in a really puzzled voice: "Are there really elephants in Denmark?"
Discover more Mental Magic Tricks
"Card Tricks to Amaze and Entertain Friends and Family"
ct logo


text:
} Your lack of understanding is likely due to the fact that you are a
} philo-pho-sy major, which the Oracle can only assume is a fusion of
} Vietnamese cuisine and the art of thinking. What you must understand in
} order to understand philosophy is that philosophy is not meant to be
} understood - it is, in fact, the world's longest-running hybrid of
} practical joke and party game. To begin playing Philosophy, you will
} first need a copy of the rules. They are as follows:
} Rule 1 - Making a philosophy is defined as writing a lengthy, dense
} diatribe on an abstract subject that can never be proven or disproven.
} Your initial score is determined by word count and by impenetrability
} as defined by a panel of judges. How are the judges determined? If you
} can determine who the judges are, your philosophy fails on the grounds
} that it is not dense enough.
} Rule 2 - Your philosophy cannot have any concrete value to anyone, at
} any time. Should anyone be able to generate anything of actual value
} using your philosophy, you are disqualified.
} Rule 3 - Bonus points are awarded for each accepted academic paper
} written about your philosophy, which are doubled if any of those papers
} form their own philosophies. How many bonus points? Like the judges, if
} you can ever determine how many, your philosophy fails.
} Rule 4 - Revealing any of these rules to outsiders is considered to be
} poor form for non-players, and an offense punishable by
} disqualification for anyone playing the game.
} As for your second question, La Cantatrice Chauve is definitely on the
} high-score list, but is nowhere near being the highest scorer of all
} time. That would go to the people who invented string theory. However,
} the Oracle encourages you to attempt your own entry into the game of
} Philosophy using your specialized major. Perhaps you could start with a
} theory that if you really look at it, everything is just like a warm
} bowl of pho.
} You owe the Oracle one bowl of pho with extra beef.


text:
Post Health Care Jobs.
What Cytotechnologists do:
A Cytotechnologist is an expert in the study the formation, structure and function of cells. A Cytotechnologist is trained to detect changes in cellular activity in the early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cytotechnologists supply information to Physicians, who then make a diagnosis. Cytotechnologists can work in Hospitals and Private Laboratories, always under the supervision of a Registered Pathologist.
The main duties of a Cytotechnologist include:
– Working with pathologists to detect abnormalities in cellular material
– Preparing slides of body cells
– Examining cells microscopically to detect possible malignancy
– Working with a wide variety of laboratory specimens
– Reporting findings to the supervising Pathologist or Physician
Education & Qualifications:
To apply for an entry position in cytotechnology, you will need to have completed a relevant Bachelor's degree program, plus one year of special instruction in cytotechnology. Typical subjects studied in a cytotechnology program include: embryology, cytology, clinical medicine, human anatomy, cytophysiology, endocrinology, cytochemistry, parasitology, microbiology, histology, and inflammatory diseases.
Certification is available by completing an exam administered by the American Society for Clinical Pathologists Board of Registry (ASCP BOR).
Salary & Job Prospects:
Salaries for Cytotechnologists vary from $60,000 to $75,000 depending on educational qualifications, position held, experience and location. The demand for Cytotechnologists is predicted to grow rapidly over the coming years. This is mainly due to new screening procedures for cancer detection.
Find an Allied Health School near you:
Use the Further Your Career zip code search box to find schools and colleges in your area that offer alliedhealth / medical technology programs.
Below is a list of some of the various types of allied health careers / professions:
|Links to Types of Allied Health Careers|
Anesthesiologist Assistant »
Medical Technologist »
Allied health school NYC:


text:
SCIENTISTS have discovered an extinct volcano, in deep sea off the state's far west coast.
The cone-shaped volcano, 800m across and 200m high, lies 2km below the ocean's surface and 100 nautical miles offshore in a protected area of the Great Australian Bight.
It was a lucky find, according to researchers.
A survey of a single strip of seabed in the Benthic Protection Zone tripped over the unexpected feature - now named "Anna's Pimple" after a university student on board the Southern Surveyor.
South Australian Research and Development Institute chief scientist Dr David Currie said the area was always thought to have a soft, flat sea floor.
"So to find something like an extinct volcano in the middle, poking out of a sea of soft sediments, is pretty remarkable," he said.
"And the fact it's pretty deep and probably never been fished, or never been touched since it was created (48 million years ago) is pretty amazing. So we're excited. It might support some interesting beasts."
Seamounts elsewhere, off Tasmania and New Zealand, have been shown to have "incredible biodiversity" with many new species.
Dr Currie says that's because seamounts are like islands, where animals have a chance to evolve independently.
"Effectively they're little isolated pockets (of biodiversity), little islands," Dr Currie said.
"They're surrounded by soft sediments, so the things that have evolved in them might be quite unique."
But the scientists will have to wait until they can return to sample animals on the volcano. This time the survey returned many samples of strange animals living nearby, such as "brittle stars". The scavengers are "incredibly prolific" at depths of 1km to 2km.
"There's just some weird and wonderful biodiversity," Dr Currie said.
"Some of it is old friends that we've seen elsewhere in Southern Australia in the deeper waters, when we did the canyon work, but some of it again is stuff that we've never seen before."
The Benthic Protection Zone formed in 1998 is 20 nautical miles wide starting three nautical miles from the coast and extending to the edge of Australia's economic exclusion zone, 200 nautical miles offshore.
Within this zone, the animals are protected from trawling and other potentially destructive human activities.
JULIA Gillard will fly to Indonesia early next month for talks on boat arrivals.
A SHORTAGE of places in after-school care is forcing working parents to leave their children home alone, Australia's biggest childhood survey has found.
PREMIER Jay Weatherill will vote in favour of the latest attempt to legalise same-sex marriage in South Australia in Parliament.
ADRIAN Bayley will be under the highest level of protection in jail as he faces similar risks to a paedophile or corrupt police officer, sources say.


text:
The purpose of the NOAA Grants Online project is to provide a fast, coherent, flexible, and robust application to support the Grants evaluation, award, and long-term management and operations process. Grants Online will deliver a standardized set of capabilities for viewing, retrieving, modifying, and deleting applicationand award-related information, including (but not limited to) applications, awards, amendments, audits, proposal scoring and commentary, budget and finance information, and technical and panel reviewer information.
The equivalent of the System Specification portion of the project in project management practices
This award was for the equivalent of the System Specification portion of the project. The contractor for the System Specification portion of the contract produced the following deliverables:
- A complete set of business and system use cases
- An architecture road map, which provided an overview of the key architectural attributes and decisions that would be made to develop the system
- An initial draft of the project's Configuration Management Plan
- A Development Case, illustrating which artifacts should be created and developed from the Rational Unified Process
- A draft of the Requirements Management Plan
- A Reference Architecture document, containing a proposed reference architecture for the Grants Online system
- A Unified Modeling Language (UML) model
- A list of key project risks with suggested mitigation steps
- A Supplementary Requirements Specification
- A Vision document explaining why the system is needed, who the stakeholders are, the environment, and other key information
It is far easier to produce a proposal (with a realistic schedule and budget estimates) with this accompanying information. Accordingly, RFPs with this accompanying information are more likely to receive accurate bids, and they have a better chance of concluding successfully.
Organizations that are considering implementing a two-stage acquisition model (with one contract for Inception/Elaboration and another for Construction/Transition) should consult Appendix B, "Implementing a Two-Stage Procurement Process." It discusses the artifacts that should be produced by the system specification contract and included in the RFP for the System Realization Contract.


text:
In 2021-22, round table gatherings will take place across the province with Indigenous artists, organizations, groups and communities to discuss and celebrate Indigenous creative/cultural spaces. Notes from each gathering as well as a document summarizing the gatherings will be posted publicly. Gathering discussions will consider questions such as:
- What is working/not working?
- What is needed?
- Where should spaces be located?
- Who should lead them?
- How can we extend partnership networks?
- How can we learn from each other?
Gatherings will be hosted by an Indigenous Advisory Circle member in 10 communities across Ontario. The communities include:
- Manitoulin Island
- Nipissing Region
- Six Nations
- Thunder Bay
Gathering summaries will be shared with the direction of the Indigenous Advisory Circle.


First lady postpones poetry talk over protest fear
The White House has postponed a poetry symposium scheduled for next month for fear that the poets would use it to protest against the war.
The symposium on the poetry of Emily Dickinson, Langston Hughes and Walt Whitman was to be held by the first lady, Laura Bush, on February 12.
But as the prospect grew that it would draw protests from poets Mrs Bush was forced to put it off to an unspecified date.
Sam Hamill, a poet and founder of the highly regarded Copper Canyon Press, declined the invitation and emailed friends asking for anti-war poems or statements. He encouraged those who planned to attend to bring along anti-war poems.
Mr Hamill said he had received more than 1,500 contributions, including ones from poets Adrienne Rich and Lawrence Ferlinghetti.
"While Mrs Bush respects the right of all Americans to express their opinions, she, too, has opinions and believes it would be inappropriate to turn a literary event into a political forum," Noelia Rodriguez, Mrs Bush's spokeswoman, said.
"The idea that you could have an non-political event celebrating the work of Walt Whitman, a gay poet writing about what America could be during the civil war is absurd," said Todd Swift, the Paris-based editor of the ebook 100 Poets Against the War, which was released on Monday. "The voice of a poet can echo across history at different points in time."
Marilyn Nelson, Connecticut's poet laureate, said that she had accepted the White House invitation and had planned to wear a silk scarf with peace signs that she commissioned.
"I had decided to go because I felt my presence would promote peace," she said. "I had commissioned a fabric artist for a silk scarf with peace signs painted on it. I thought just by going there and shaking Mrs Bush's hand and being available for the photo ops, my scarf would make a statement."
Another state poet laureate, New Jersey's Amiri Baraka, was also involved in a recent political controversy.
Baraka, formerly known as LeRoi Jones, wrote a poem about September 11 which implied that Israelis had prior knowledge the attacks would take place and did not go to work. The governor of New Jersey is under increasing pressure to fire him.


Mismatch between wages and cost of living
By : Sofea Azahar
The mismatch between wages and cost of living has been a longstanding issue and it surely has no one-size-fits-all solution but we need to start somewhere at some…
Amid the challenging economic condition originated from the pandemic, many people have also been struggling to cope with cost of living which do not appear to be in the same trend with the incomes of many Malaysians as they have been severely affected due to cost-cutting measures by their employers. Therefore, this calls for a compatible and sustainable solutions.
Although inflation is trending at low levels, cost of living is said to extend beyond prices. According to the World Bank's study, the issues pertaining to cost of living include stagnant growth in incomes, elevated household debt as well as unaffordable housing.
Based on the statistics from the Department of Statistics (DOSM), mean household income at the national level grew by 4.3 per cent in the period between 2016 and 2019 whilst mean disposable income (income after current transfer deductions) went up by 4.5 per cent in the same period.
Across income groups, mean household incomes for the B40, M40 and T20 also grew throughout the same period.
But the question is, are the latest statistics reflective of the current reality, especially after the unprecedented occurrence of the pandemic?
Mean household expenditure increased by 4 per cent during the 2016-2019 period. Among all expenses, food and beverages accounts for the biggest portion at 17.3 per cent and within the income groups, B40 households allocate high share of their expenditure on food compared to those in other income groups.
But this also comes with the fact that food prices are on an increasing trend compared to other CPI items. Given that the low-income households tend to spend more on food, should food prices continue to accelerate quicker than other items, these households would certainly feel the pinch from higher inflation rate.
Additionally, household debt is at a high level — 82.7 per cent of GDP in 2019. Financial literacy amongst Malaysians is also poor, particularly among youths. Not only we have increased unemployment due to Covid-19, there is also an issue of underemployment.
When discussing about cost of living, the status of poverty should also be considered because the poor household group is the most unfortunate amongst all.
Poverty is measured using the poverty line income (PLI) whereby the concept and methodology is based on the minimum requirement of nutritional food and non-food items (clothing, housing, transportation and others) required by each household to live an active and a healthy life.
In 2019, the national PLI was revised higher from RM908 in 2016 (based on previous methodology) to RM2,208. As a result, the absolute poverty rate has jumped from 0.4 per cent in 2016 to 5.6 per cent in 2019.
But concern pertaining to this matter arise because the current PLI has not taken into account of the Covid-19 pandemic which have affected socioeconomic well-being of many.
Since then, more people have lost their jobs, have had to undertake pay-cuts or have been put on unpaid leave. Given the challenging circumstances, households might have to resort to earning side incomes or search for any possible means to make ends meet, i.e. join the informal sector.
According to the Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (Economy) Datuk Seri Mustapa Mohamed, based on the estimates by DOSM after taking into account of the pandemic, poverty rate could be lifted by 3 per cent points from the current official 5.6 per cent.
So, we could see more than the previously-reported 405,441 households living in poverty because of the heavy blow from the crisis.
Cost of living, purchasing power and the income level of households to purchase food and non-food items at minimal level (PLI) also vary across states. The general perception is that the cost of living in the urbanised states are more expensive than the less developed states. But for some states, such might not be the case.
If we were to look at the PLI by state, Sabah and Labuan topped other states including developed ones like KL and Selangor with their high PLIs — RM2,537 and RM2,633 respectively. Poverty rate in Sabah was also the highest at 19.5 per cent.
This shows that it is also costly living in East Malaysia, not only in the big cities.
Wage gap between states is also not helpful in supporting the cost of living. An example can be taken from EMIR Research's focus group discussion in 3Q20 whereby a discussant from Sabah mentioned that there is a need to standardise salaries across the country given that the cost of living in Sabah is as high as in the urbanised cities but the salary gap is very huge!
These are the ground realities which might not be completely represented by several official statistics but they can be substantially felt by being on the ground.
Current minimum wages remain low ranging at RM1,100-RM1,200 despite the effort to remove the disparity in wages between Peninsular and East Malaysia.
Let's say a 1-person household earns RM1,200 per month and lives in Kuala Lumpur but the minimum amount of income to acquire basic necessities at minimal level is RM2,216, how would this individual live comfortably given the huge gap?
Even data has shown that labour share of income in Malaysia is much lower than some advanced economies such as Singapore and Korea. This is likely to be evident in sectors that are labour-intensive, sluggish in technological progress and dependent on low-skilled workers.
Increase in wages should be done alongside the upskilling/reskilling of workers (education) and also create more high-skilled jobs through high-value investments. That way, as skillsets of employees expand and become relevant to the demand required by industries, employees will then be able to demand for higher wages.
The mismatch between wages and cost of living has been a longstanding issue and it surely has no one-size-fits-all solution but shouldn't we start somewhere?
(Sofea Azahar is research analyst at EMIR Research, a think tank focused on strategic policy recommendations based on rigorous research.)
be the first to comment on this article
Leave a Reply
Take Me Top


Damage Threshold is a combat statistic in Fallout, Fallout 2, Fallout: New Vegas and Fallout Tactics. It was removed in Fallout 3, leaving Damage Resistance as the only armor statistic. However, it was restored in Fallout: New Vegas, before being removed yet again in Fallout 4.
Fallout, Fallout 2, Fallout Tactics
Fallout: New Vegas
See also: Combat damage
Imagine that there is an amount of damage that armor directly subtracts from damage… a "threshold" of damage, if you will. While a small percentage of damage may get through even the thickest armor, damage threshold can effectively neutralize a lot of small arms.J.E. Sawyer
Fallout: New Vegas mostly moves away from the exclusive use of Damage Resistance (DR) in Fallout 3, towards Damage Threshold (DT). Like in previous games, DT can function as an outright subtraction: if a shot is fired with a damage value of 40 against a DT of 10, then 10 damage will be ignored.
However, the sequence of calculations differs compared to previous games. DR is applied first. The value after this adjustment depends on any DR a player character has, which is capped to a DR of 85 (85%); however, DR above 80 does nothing, so the theoretical cap is 80.
DT applies after that, with a limit: the final damage taken cannot be lower than 20% of the base attack; if lower, it is overwritten to 20% instead.[1] For example, with 80 DR, DT will not do anything; however, with 70 DR against an attack of 10 damage, a DT of 1 will reduce the damage taken from 3 to 2, and DT above that will not help. Provided that a character's DR is 79 or less, any amount of DT is theoretically useful. Applying the previous example to an incoming attack of 100 damage, 70 DR and 1 DT would reduce damage instead from 30 to 29 - a much less significant reduction than 3 to 2.
So, to evaluate the earlier example, if an attack of 40 damage hits a character with 85 DR and 10 DT, the damage is first reduced to 6 (40 × 0.15 = 6), and then reduced by 10. The final result (-4) is less than 20% of the base attack (40 × 0.20 = 8), so the damage taken is raised to 8 instead.
Damage which is reduced to below the 20% minimum value is indicated with a shield icon next to the health bar (either the player character's, or the non-player character's). When all of an enemy's DT (if it is not 0 to begin with) is overcome with armor piercing attacks, then a broken shield icon will appear in its place instead. The shield icon is shown during V.A.T.S. and on the health bars once damage has been inflicted upon a target and will remain for 3 seconds afterwards.
The default value for DT is set at 0; this is then modified mainly by the DT value of armor and clothing worn. Other attributes can affect the DT value of a character, both permanently or temporarily. Perks and consumables can increase the player character's DT, while the Kamikaze trait reduces it. When attacking, the use of ammunition can modify the target's DT either way, with hollow point generally increasing their DT, and armor piercing decreasing it.
Difficulty and critical damage impact
As with the player character's damage, the difficulty multiplier of incoming damage is applied after the damage resistance and damage threshold calculations. For example, a regular deathclaw does 125 damage and Very Hard difficulty's inbound damage multiplier is ×2. If the player character has no DT and DR, the damage dealt is 250. If the player character has 40 DT and no DR, the damage becomes (125 – 40) × 2 = 170.
Unlike the difficulty multiplier, the critical damage is applied before the damage threshold calculations as it counts as the base damage. The deathclaw mentioned above deals an additional 125 damage when it crits, leading to an attack power of 250 on Normal difficulty. With 40 DT, the player character suffers from 210 damage instead, leading to 420 damage on Very Hard difficulty.
While unimportant in such a case, it becomes vital when the enemy has a low attack power, which is reset to 20% of the base damage due to the cap mentioned in the previous section. For example, a young deathclaw does 40 damage and if the Courier's DT is 40, the attack will deal 8 (40 × 0.2) damage on Normal difficulty. However, when a young deathclaw crits, it deals an additional 40 damage resulting in 80 total damage. With the player character's DT applied, the final damage becomes 40, surpassing the 20% cap and dealing the raw damage. On Very Hard difficulty, it leads to 16 (non-crit) and 80 (crit) damage, respectively.
Comparison between Damage Threshold and Damage Resistance. Implications
DR factor becomes much more important in extreme cases. Vanilla deathclaw (like any other enemy) will completely ignore the DT factor if the Courier has 80%+ DR (Med-X + Slasher + Battle Brew combo gives 85%) and deal 50 damage on very hard difficulty in any case, against any DT index, as the damage cannot be lower than 20% of its basic attack ((125 × 0.2 = 25) × 2 (very hard difficulty multiplier) = 50); its critical damage will be capped at 100 instead (compare to 500 raw crit damage against the Courier with no protection and 420 damage against the courier with 40 DT). The armor indicator will appear upon the hit as well, confirming the deathclaw is dealing it's minimum possible damage.
It means that when the Courier has to deal with high damaging opponents (like said deathclaws), the most reliable method is to increase DR to its maximum wearing no armor at all for faster movement – or the armor with the best possible buffs[2]. If the player has no Battle Brew (→ 50% DR), then, against the said deathclaw, 37.5 DT is needed to cap creature's damage to its minimum (125 × 0.5 = 62.5; 62.5 – 37.5 = 25).
As a more extreme example, take Legendary bloatfly from Old World Blues add-on. Its plasma damage is set to 300 (equal to that of deathclaw alpha male), becoming plain 600 on very hard difficulty. However, with 80%+ DR it's attack power is capped at 60 at normal and 120 at very hard difficulty, making it possible to survive several blasts for a high-level Courier. With 50 DT and no DR, surviving its attacks dealing 500 damage on very hard difficulty ((300 – 50) × 2) is possible only on a very high level. With 50% DR and 50 DT, the damage becomes 200 ((300 × 0,5 – 50) × 2) on very hard difficulty.
Interestingly, although no DT and DR of 50% makes very hard difficulty experience equal to no armor experience on normal difficulty, the DT factor alters the picture. If the normal difficulty deathclaw hits the player with no DR and DT of 40, it deals 85 (125 – 40) damage; however, the very high difficulty deathclaw hitting the Courier with 50% DR and 40 DT results in 50 damage instead (125 × 0,5 – 40 = 22,5; → override to 125 × 0,2 = 25; 25 × 2 = 50 (very hard multiplier applied)).
To sum up, high DT is enough against lowbut fast-damaging opponents (e. g., any fast-firing humanoids) unless they don't get critical hits; however, enemies with powerful attacks (mainly deathclaws and humanoids with explosives or single-action high-end weapon) should be countered with maximum DR instead.
 - Despite DT being the determining factor for armor in Fallout: New Vegas, when repairing armor, merchants will list DR instead. All armors when viewed from the repair screen have a DR of 0. This is fixed in patch 1.1.1.
 - In Fallout: New Vegas, the only articles of clothing that provide DR are the rebreather, which is acquired during the quest Volare!, the Vault 11 jumpsuit and the Scientist outfit.
 1. _URL_
 2. It is important to note that, due to a bug, any armor worn with high DR will receive immense amount of damage when hit and degrade extremely quick. This makes no-armor choice much more preferable.


text:
Britain's Ash Trees Threatened by Disease
Ash trees make up almost one third of Britain's tree stock--there are 80 million of them--and they are under threat from a deadly disease which is sweeping the forests. After much obfuscation from the government, it now appears that a staggering 100,000 trees have already been destroyed in an effort to stop the spreading.
The tree is the fourth most common in the countryside so this poses a terrible threat to the UK's forests and to trees growing in parks and gardens. The first cases were discovered almost eight months ago. They came on trees imported from the Netherlands.
But it has also been found on British ash trees and it is thought that it can also be carried by the wind or be lying dormant for years.
Forestry Commission/Promo image
Called Chalara fraxinea, it is a fungus that causes leaf loss and crown dieback in affected trees, and it can lead to tree death.
First found in Poland 20 years ago, the fungus has gradually spread across Europe, reaching Denmark in 2002. There it led to estimated losses of between 60 and 90 per cent of Denmark's ash trees.
The disease will devastate the landscape because if it spreads the trees will either die and rot or have to be destroyed, leaving huge gaps in forests and harming the wider eco-system, as they provide homes for birds, insects and mammals. It is second only to the oak tree in its popularity in the British countryside.
For now, all imports of the tree have been stopped. No further planting of the trees in public forests will take place. A commission has been set up to examine the whole matter.
The Woodland Trust says:
Ash dieback is only one of numerous tree pests and diseases in the UK. With more than 15 separate pests and diseases listed on the Forestry Commission website as already present [in the UK], it is crucial that the wider issue is tackled. The government must set up an emergency summit bringing together representatives from all areas of forestry, plant health and conservation – because today it's ash, but tomorrow yet another of our precious native trees could be at risk.


text:
You're in the right place. With essential advice from expert genealogists, our beginner's guide is the best way to sow the seeds of your research and watch your family tree grow.
The star of The Office traces his roots on his father's side of the family
When he was just 10 years old, Martin Freeman's father died of a heart attack. As a child, the actor tried to show people that he was a "brave little four-foot thunderball". "I've only realised how tough it is as I've got older," he says. The early loss of his father had another effect: Martin knows "embarrassingly little" about his dad's side of the family.
To fill in the gaps, Martin begins by researching the life of his grandfather, Leonard. When World War Two began, Leonard headed to France as part of the ill-fated British Expeditionary Force. It was a chaotic time and military records show that Leonard, a medic, was killed a couple of days before the evacuation from Dunkirk began.
At the Imperial War Museum, Martin sees the war diary of the 150th Field Ambulance, Leonard's unit. It says that two men died as the result of a Luftwaffe attack on 24 May 1940, but gives no names. Martin next heads for Wenlock Barracks in Hull. Here, he at last gets confirmation that Leonard died in an air raid. He also sees a memorial to his grandfather.
Going back a generation, Martin also wants to know more about his great-grandfather, Richard William Freeman, who was born in 1853. The 1871 census delivers a surprise: Richard was blind and is listed as living in a special school in Hampstead. The school, now run by the Royal London Society for the Blind, has moved to Kent, but its archives are intact. Martin learns that, at a time when education reformers were recognising that blind people could lead independent lives, Richard was trained as a musician.
By the 1880s, Richard was living in Worthing, Sussex. He was organist at St Andrew's Church, West Tarring and lived in a generously proportioned house. Despite his blindness, Richard had joined the middle classes. He was married and had a large family.
In 1891, Richard's first wife, Fanny, died. While Richard re-married, his life was starting to unravel. An 1894 entry in the parish magazine reads: "The circumstances under which the post of organist at Tarring became vacant are well known to our readers." However, there's little hint as to exactly what scandal might have occurred. The 1901 census shows Richard's family scattered. There's no death certificate for Richard's second wife, Emily.
By the time of the 1901 census, Richard had begun to build a new life for himself, as a music teacher in Hull. He was married to Aida, Leonard's mother. In Humberside, Martin meets one of Aida's grandchildren and sees a picture of her. She too was blind. Martin also learns that the couple, while they had a large family, lost six children.
Via visits to Great Ormond Street Hospital and the Royal Society of Medicine, Martin realises that Aida probably had syphilis. There are two main clues. Firstly, her brother died of the disease. Secondly, there's a distinctive pattern to the loss of her children, which suggests she probably contracted the disease a second time, from Richard.
We shouldn't be too surprised by this, says Dr Peter Greenhouse, an expert in sexual health. A century ago, 10 per cent of the population had syphilis, so a huge percentage of people tracing their family tree can expect to encounter the disease.
But despite the tragedies that beset her, Aida raised a family, lived to her 90s and married again – twice. And the lesson of Aida's eventful life? "You kind of wonder how many extraordinary characters everyone has got in their family," concludes Martin, "that we're all made up of these extraordinary people."
You can read more about your Second World War ancestors in the September issue of Who Do You Think You Are? Magazine, available by calling our back issues service on 0844 _PHONE_. Click here for more stories from the latest TV series.


text:
We wanted to share the important words that some of our allies in the charitable sector have passed along. It is crucial that we ALL raise our voices to demand an increase in our income assistance system. This is a really crucial piece that proves our government wants to walk the talk of poverty reduction, and of ensuring that our system is working to support and lift up poor, low-income and disabled communities.
Be like UGM and write a letter to support the call to raise welfare and disability rates this Budget in 2019. Write to let the government know you care, and you are watching, and their decision matters!


text:
bearing depends on the application. As the preload increases, the amount of deflection under load is reduced ( see Figure 5-13) and the bearing stiffness and natural frequency increase. However, increased preload also leads to higher friction torque. Kaydon's free Reali-Design software can be used to calculate the amount of deflection under an applied load for various amounts of preload. This tool can also be used to calculate the amount of preload needed for any given application.
Clamp Rings: Kaydon recommends that face clamps be used with all bearings. The user should not rely solely on a press fit to hold the bearing in place. Overlapping the clamp rings to form a labyrinth shield, is recommended. This helps keep lubricant in the bearing and contamination out. For bearings used in harsh environments, external seals are recommended.
To provide a uniform clamping force, a large number of small fasteners is preferable to a few large ones. The fasteners should be tightened in a "star" pattern to evenly distribute the clamping force.
Lubrication: Standard open bearings are shipped with preservative oil that is not intended to be a working lubricant. Prior to installation, the bearings should be cleaned and then lubricated with an oil or grease suitable for the loads, speed, temperature, and environment.


How-To Geek
Plesiochronous refers to telecommunications operations that are almost synchronous.
For example, if you have a transmission exchanged between two devices with different clock settings, the transmission may not arrive in the same time slot it was sent, but if it arrives within a set/defined time range it would be considered Plesiochronous.
Enter Your Email Here to Get Access for Free:
Go check your email!


text:
I'm trying to learn for my Writing class and I'm stuck. Can you help?
- Raster Project – Photoshop Collage
- The PSD (Photoshop) file
- A version of the raster file for web (1200px * 1200px, 300PPI, JPG)
- Vector Project – Illustrator Project
- The AI (Illustrator) file
- A version of the vector file for web (500px * 500px, 300PPI, PNG)
- A short statement about your project. Use this template.
- Credits for all images you did not create yourself. Add/attach this to your statement.
Turn in your projects by submitting your work to this form: _URL_
Raster Project – Create a piece or collage by taking/finding images and combining them in Photoshop. Make sure to not upsample (increase the size of) your images. Use tools we've covered in class (i.e: adjustment layers, filters, masks, crop tool etc.) to create your composition. You may only use images in the public domain or with a Creative Commons license or content that you've created.
Ideas: Create a piece that represents yourself, make a collage based on your hometown, create an ad for your product, etc.
Vector Project – Create a piece using geometrical shapes in Illustrator. The final piece can be abstract or representational.
Ideas: Create a portrait of yourself, redesign an existing logo for a brand, create a geometric mosaic, etc.
4 hours ago


Can we help?
If you need some help choosing a mentor, let us know.
Posted by Joe Wood on 14th September 2020
What Impact Does Culture Have on a Business and Workplace?
A big thank you to Donna Dibbert from Hayoka for this guest-blog. Check Hayoka out here!
The power of culture is what separates progressive workplaces from those riddled with despair and makes some businesses bold instead of boring.
Do people leave their brains at the door and collect on your way out? How crazy is this?
Culture is the glue that holds people together. Knowing what your culture is, is important so that it is in service of the bigger picture of growth and meaningful work.
Is it clear why your business exists in the world? What is your purpose? What culture do you have?
The easiest way to get some understanding is to ask some people in your business.
If you get a variety of answers then you are not being clear.
So why is it important to be clear?
Having purpose and meaning gives people the energy, passion and motivation to get out of bed in the morning.
It also fosters communities of like-minded employees, customers, suppliers and others. They come together with shared ideals. As a result, inspiring work cuts through bureaucracies, silos, and egos to unleash the potential of an organization.
Knowing what your culture is and then deciding if this supports the business goals and objectives is the first step.
Recommendation – Hire for your culture and provide training for the skills.
Donna Dibbert


later corrected their Instagram post to say the shepherding aspect was not accurate, but before the correction was made social media users took screenshots of the post and shared it widely. One tweet with the false information was retweeted more than 72,000 times and received more than 277,000 likes. Wombat experts in Australia said other animals commonly use wombat burrows for shelter and occasional access to resources such as water. "I would describe this as wombats tolerating other species using burrows they dig," Scott Carver, a senior lecturer in wildlife ecology at the University of Tasmania, told The Associated Press in an email. He said there was no evidence the wombats were "sharing or encouraging other animals" to go into the burrows. Carver, whose research has focused on wombats, said the idea they are herding other animals is likely just a misinterpretation of a wombat following another species into a burrow. Julie Old, associate professor at Western Sydney University, told The Associated Press in an email that wombats have multiple burrows and when they are not using them other animals take advantage. "Wombats are 'ecological engineers' because they build burrows, thus providing habitat for a range of other species, assisting in soil turnover etc.," she said. "They are also the largest burrowing animals." ___ This is part of The Associated Press' ongoing effort to fact-check misinformation that is shared widely online, including work with Facebook to identify and reduce the circulation of false stories on the platform.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
From the Wikipedia article, it seems that physicists tend to view closed timelike curves as an undesirable attribute of a solution to the Einstein Field Equations. Hawking formulated the Chronology protection conjecture, which I understand essentially to mean that we expect a theory of quantum gravity to rule out closed timelike curves.
I am well-aware that the existence of closed timelike curves implies that time travel is technically possible, but this argument for why they should not exist isn't convincing to me. For one, if the minimal length of any closed timelike curve is rather large, time travel would be at least infeasable. Furthermore, this is essentially a philosophical argument, which is based, at least in part, on our desire to retain causality in studying the large scale structure of the universe.
So far, the best argument I've heard against CTCs is that the 2nd law of thermodynamics wouldn't seem to have a meaningful interpretation in such a universe, but this isn't totally convincing. A good answer to this question would be some form of mathematical heuristic showing that in certain naive ways of combining quantum mechanics and gravity, CTCs are at least implausible in some way. Essentially, I'm trying to find any kind of an argument in favor of Hawking's conjecture which is not mostly philosophical. I realize that such an argument may not exist (especially since no real theory of quantum gravity exists), so other consequences of the (non)existence of CTCs would be helpful.
share|improve this question
Hawking's conjecture merely postulates that some law of physics prevents the existence of closed timelike curves, whether or not that law is part of a quantum theory of gravity. – David Z Jul 12 '11 at 5:25
4 Answers 4
up vote 3 down vote accepted
It is widely believed (but it has not been rigurously proved so far) that to sustain stable closed timelike curves, you need copious (i.e of the order of the total mass of the universe) quantities of exotic matter. Exotic matter is just a generic term to describe matter for which the stress-energy tensor satisfies
$$ g^{\mu \nu} T_{\mu \nu} < 0 $$
That is, exotic matter violates the Strong Energy Condition, which is known to hold in all known quantum physical theories.
This applies not only to CTC, but as well as stable wormholes, warp drives, or anything actually fun. This is in itself, outstanding evidence of the catholic nature of God, since interestellar travel would raise the need for some akward explaining from the Pope (i know, BS, but let me have my punchline please)
share|improve this answer
the trace of T for the expectation value of a scalar field is negative, so CTC is only obeyed by classical matter. – Ron Maimon May 8 '12 at 16:17
_USER_ i think you meant the SEC right? – lurscher May 8 '12 at 16:19
Yes, sorry, and I was overstating the case, it is disobeyed by coherent scalar superfluids. I think you can make an argument against CTC's using null energy condition violation only (but I don't know how), and anyway, it's forbidden for more fundamental reasons, like how do you do a path integral in a CTC world? – Ron Maimon May 8 '12 at 22:01
well, i wouldn't expect the universe to forbid something just out of courtesy for the validity of our computation methods :-) maybe we have to account for the homotopy of paths in the integral? – lurscher May 8 '12 at 22:30
I meant that you can't do QM in a CTC world, because you can't define a Hamiltonian, not just PI, any way. – Ron Maimon May 8 '12 at 22:32
Closed timelike curves can be used to create paradoxes! That's the reason why they are a problem - because you might go back and kill your grandfather. This is not just a "philosophical" argument, it's a matter of logic.
The principle that reality is not self-contradictory - i.e., that there are no real paradoxes, only apparent paradoxes - allows you to deduce that, in reality, CTCs can't be used to create paradoxes. So either there are no CTCs, or they are "harmless" in some way.
Logic can get you that far: you should expect CTCs to be impossible or to be harmless. But your question goes further and asks why we should specifically expect them to be impossible. Well, maybe we shouldn't. CTCs can show up in anti de Sitter space; they might show up in a gravitational path integral; there might be a CTC at the big bang (as suggested by Gott and Li); there might be a giant CTC connecting cosmological future and past (as suggested by Gödel). I'm not aware of a knockdown technical argument (i.e. a totally robust physics argument) against any of these.
share|improve this answer
Do they really create paradoxes? There are mathematically and logically consistent solutions of Einstein's equations that contain CTC's. – MBN Jul 15 '11 at 12:29
Indeed, it is not rigorously clear in the field whether they would lead to causal paradoxes. See my answer below. – Juan Bermejo Vega May 24 '12 at 13:28
It's certainly possible that just as the holographic principle can save unitarity for black holes, that some generalization of the holographic principle coupled with cosmic censorship for closed timelike curves can save unitarity.
At any rate, the interior of a time machine is only real to the extent that memories and records of the interior can get out.
share|improve this answer
These are some notes to complement previous answers.
Your concerns are sound: a rigorous definite way to rule out CTCs has not been found. What we have is arguments (and quite nice looking ones) to illustrate that every known universe with CTCs looks unphysical.
Second, there are two nicely-written pedagogical letters written by Kip Thorne addressing your question [1],[2]. They mainly focus on physical aspects of the known CTC solutions, and three popular mechanisms that could prevent CTCs: violation of the averaged null energy conditions (the first argument cited in the post), classical instabilities of chronology horizons, and quantum field instabilities (following the notation of [2], section 4). Although he does not seem to believe in CTCs personally, at the end of [2] he states that this is still an open question:
It may turn out that on macroscopic lenghscales chronology is not always protected, and even if chronology is protected macroscopically, quantum gravity may well give finite amplitudes for microscopic spacetime histories with CTCs [29].
[29] Friedman J 1992 in Proceedings of the 4th Canadian Conf. on General Relativity and Relativistic Astrophysics eds G Kunstatter et al (Singapore: Word Scientific) pp. 183-199.
Finally, regarding the argument against CTCs that uses logical paradoxes, which has already appeared in the post: it is not clear to many people whether CTCs inevitably lead to causal paradoxes. Several studies have pointed out that causal-paradoxes of time travel could disappear once one takes quantum mechanical effects; or maybe their meaning could simply change [3],[4],[5],[6]. For instance, in the framework used in the first reference the grandfather's paradox does not violate causality. In connection with this, although it is known that some of these models of CTCs [7],[8] lead to counter-intuitive collapes of computational complexity classes, this is not exactly the same as a causal paradox.
share|improve this answer
Nobody has formulated QM for CTC's completely. – Ron Maimon May 8 '12 at 16:17
Your Answer


Primate's scent speaks volumes about who he is
Jun 23, 2008
Perhaps judging a man by his cologne isn't as superficial as it seems.Duke University researchers, using sophisticated machinery to analyze hundreds of chemical components in a ringtailed lemur's distinctive scent, have found that individual males are not only advertising their fitness for fatherhood, but also a bit about their family tree as well.
"We now know that there's information about genetic quality and relatedness in scent," said Christine Drea, a Duke associate professor of biological anthropology and biology. The male's scent can reflect his mixture of genes, and to which animals he's most closely related. "It's an honest indicator of individual quality that both sexes can recognize," she said.
Lemurs, distant primate cousins of ours who split from the family tree before the monkeys and apes parted ways, have a complex and elaborate scent language that until recently was completely undiscovered by humans. Drea said it's language that is undoubtedly richer than we can imagine.
"All lemurs make use of scent," she said. "The diversity of glands is just amazing."
Ringtailed males have scent glands on their genitals, shoulders and wrists, each of which makes different scents. Other lemur species also have glands on their heads, chests and hands. Add to these scents the signals that can be conveyed in feces and urine, and there's a lot of silent, cryptic communication going on in lemur society.
Wearing a scent-based nametag declaring one's genetics is probably useful in avoiding aggression with closely related males, Drea said. It's also quite likely to help prevent inbreeding by signaling family relationships to females, but the research to prove that is still ongoing.
For this study, Drea and postdoctoral fellows Marie Charpentier and Marylène Boulet focused solely on male ringtailed lemurs living at the Duke Lemur Center (
The males have a gland and spike on each wrist that is used to scratch and mark saplings with highly aromatic scents. A pair of glands on the shoulders "like misplaced nipples" manufacture squalene, a scent molecule that works like glue to keep the more aromatic compounds in place longer. Males can be seen dabbing the wrist gland on the chest gland and then scratch-marking. The wrist glands are also central to the "stink fighting" of ringtails, in which they rub the glands along the length of their bushy tails, and then foist them into each others' face to express dominance.
Most importantly, the male also has a scent gland on his scrotum that becomes critical to marking territory and advertising fitness during mating season. He does a handstand and rubs this gland directly onto a tree trunk to let any interested lemurs know who he is and what he's made of.
Scent not only speaks volumes, it's physiologically expensive to make, Drea said. When a lemur is ill or socially stressed, its scent changes dramatically. "If he loses his signals, it's quite likely its because he's less genetically fit," Drea said. "And his sexual or social partners can know that."
Female ringtailed lemurs have just one scent gland in the genital area, but their scent is more complex than the males'. Via scent, females may advertise not only their fertility, but the presence of a pregnancy and how far along it is, Drea said.
To a human, a lemur has a sort of musky scent. "In its little vial, the sample smells just terrible," said Charpentier, the postdoctoral fellow who deciphered the genetics and is now examining the behavioral response to these scents.
But under a gas chromatograph and mass spectrometer, postdoctoral fellow Boulet found that the powerful musk resolves into at least 203 different chemical compounds in a complex mix that has been found to vary not only by season, but by an individual's genetics as well. Boulet conducted this analysis after collecting cotton swabs of scent from the scrotums and other parts of 19 male lemurs throughout the seasons.
These findings fit with work done on how people feel about the odors individual humans leave behind on a T-shirt and sheds more light on Charles Darwin's theories about sexual selection being one of the drivers of evolution, Drea said. In both cases, there is some subtle signaling in scent that apparently helps govern mate choice or nepotism, even when humans' meager sense of smell isn't conscious of it, she said.
Source: Duke University
Explore further: Zimbabwe to export elephants in population curb
add to favorites email to friend print save as pdf
Related Stories
Lemur lovers sync their scents
Jan 31, 2014
Scent signals stop incest in lemurs
Dec 02, 2009
Chemical identifiers secreted from the genital glands of lemurs, allow them to avoid incest and also to engage in nepotism. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Evolutionary Biology have identified the smells...
Recommended for you
Research sheds light on what causes cells to divide
Dec 24, 2014
Locking mechanism found for'scissors' that cut DNA
Dec 24, 2014
User comments : 0
Click here to reset your password.


text:
May 3, 2011 New research that reveals how maternal antibodies block an immune response to the measles virus is a first step toward improving current childhood vaccination practices, scientists say.
Maternal antibodies are passed to fetuses during pregnancy and to newborns in their mothers' milk. The antibodies protect infants against disease in the first months of life, but that protection comes at a cost: Their presence also interferes with the generation of a natural immune response to vaccination. As a result, most babies receive measles immunizations at the age of 12 to 15 months, when maternal antibodies are gone.
Years of studies have advanced the theory that maternal antibodies shield the measles virus so that cells that generate an immune response can't see the pathogen. If that were the case, little could be done to intervene.
But Ohio State University researchers have demonstrated an entirely different mechanism in an animal model, showing that maternal antibodies bind to a specific receptor that sends a message to stop activation of an immune response to vaccination. The scientists also determined that signals to the immune response can be manipulated, and they are already devising ways that vaccines could be designed to circumvent this natural process.
"In effect, we have found how maternal antibodies affect the off-switch in the immune response, and we have found a potential on-switch," said Stefan Niewiesk, associate professor of veterinary biosciences at Ohio State University and senior author of the study.
The research is published in the online First Edition of the journal Blood.
Under current pediatric practices, children receive measles vaccinations at age 12 to 15 months, and again when they are 5 years old. Maternal antibodies can be active in babies for up to nine months; this schedule is designed to offer protection after the decline of maternal antibodies.
"The maternal antibodies are high at birth, and go down over time. By age 1 year, the maternal antibodies are gone. So this vaccine schedule works quite well if protection is not so urgent. But there is a window of opportunity for measles to come in and infect. So we would like to be able to immunize earlier," said Niewiesk, also an investigator in Ohio State's Center for Microbial Interface Biology.
Niewiesk has been a leader in developing the cotton rat as an animal model for infectious diseases. The animal is susceptible to common human pathogens that affect the respiratory system, and Niewiesk's lab has developed antibodies and other substances that help to evaluate the immune response, which is similar to that found in humans.
As a result, researchers around the world have consulted with Niewiesk for years, using the animals to test vaccine candidates. Often, the experimental vaccines do not work in the presence of maternal antibodies. And even for the one vaccine that did work, the researchers couldn't explain why at the time.
So Niewiesk changed direction, setting aside vaccine testing and instead studying how the maternal antibodies influence the immune response to an antigen -- in this case, the measles virus. With this new information, he and colleagues now have better information to guide the design of a measles vaccine that will be effective even while maternal antibodies are present.
In a normal immune response, white blood cells known as B cells grow and release antibodies that are prepared to fight a specific invader, known as an antigen. The B cells are called to action by B cell receptors on their surface; when the antigen binds to these B cell receptors, the cells get the message to proliferate and then secrete antibodies that are made strictly for the task of fending off the attacking virus.
But the Ohio State researchers determined that when maternal antibodies are active, and then an antigen comes along, their presence triggers a different receptor on the B cell surface -- a receptor known as Fc-gamma RIIB. And because this particular receptor's job is to regulate the immune response, preventing it from going out of control, the receptor tells the B cell to stop -- don't grow, and don't secrete antigen-specific antibodies.
"The problem is that maternal antibodies come in, and will go away, but this Fc receptor doesn't know it. The receptor reacts -- 'Hey, there is antibody already, let's not make too much of an immune response.' This binding leads to a negative signal, and it blocks the receptor's positive signal to the B cell," Niewiesk said.
Further investigation of the multiple signals received by B cells suggests that there are ways to work around this effect that the maternal antibodies have on the immune response, said Dhohyung Kim, first author of the paper and a doctoral candidate in Ohio State's graduate program in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology.
Maternal antibodies are immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules, a designation based on their structure, and IgG antibodies are among the most potent players in the immune response. In this current work, Kim showed that another type of antibody, an immunoglobulin M molecule, can be used with a measles vaccine and that these IgM antibodies can activate B cells, even when maternal antibodies are present.
The IgM antibodies bind to yet another type of receptor on the B cell surface, Niewiesk explained. "So we are looking at the various ways B cells are being activated, and we already see that we can improve the positive signal to B cells by stimulating them with IgM antibodies," he said.
As part of the study, the researchers disproved the previous theory about how maternal antibodies work -- a process called epitope masking. This theory suggested that maternal antibodies would bind to specific areas on the measles virus needed for immune response recognition -- called epitopes -- and effectively shield the virus so that B cells could neither see the virus nor activate an immune response.
Niewiesk said the scientists knew that the measles virus surface has numerous epitopes, making it highly unlikely that maternal antibodies could block so many different areas of recognition on a single virus. In addition, they showed that suppression of the immune response did not occur if maternal antibody structures were manipulated to prevent them from binding to the Fc-gamma RIIB receptor. That meant that this Fc receptor was key to the mechanism that allowed maternal antibodies to suppress the immune response.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases supported this research.
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
- Dhohyung Kim, Devra Huey, Michael Oglesbee and Stefan Niewiesk. Insights into the regulatory mechanism controlling the inhibition of vaccine-induced seroconversion by maternal antibodies. Blood, February 28, 2011 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-11-320317
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.


Pa Sen. Bob Casey's letter for Workers/Survivors to understand the FOSTA/SESTA facts
Senator Rob Portman of Ohio introduced S. 1693, the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act of 2017, on August 1, 2017. The legislation amends Section 230 to ensure that those who run sites that knowingly facilitate sex trafficking can be held accountable for their actions in civil or criminal court. Representative Ann Wagner of Missouri introduced H.R. 1865, the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) on April 3, 2017. This bill imposes criminal penalties on a person who facilitates sex trafficking in interstate commerce.
Why Sex Workers are Fighting the Anti-Sex Trafficking Bill


text:
How far is Denpasar from Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island?
There are several ways to calculate distances between Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island and Denpasar. Here are two common methods:Vincenty's formula (applied above)
- 623.357 miles
- 1003.195 kilometers
- 541.682 nautical miles
Vincenty's formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points on the earth's surface, using an ellipsoidal model of the earth.Haversine formula
- 626.213 miles
- 1007.792 kilometers
- 544.164 nautical miles
The haversine formula calculates the distance between latitude/longitude points assuming a spherical earth (great-circle distance – the shortest distance between two points).
Estimated flight time from Nanga Pinoh Airport (NPO) to Ngurah Rai International Airport (DPS) is 1 hour 40 minutes.
Time difference and current local times
The time difference between Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island and Denpasar is 1 hour. Denpasar is 1 hour ahead of Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island.
Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island
Carbon dioxide emissions
Estimated CO2 emissions per passenger is 105 kg (231 pounds).
Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island to Denpasar flight map.
Frequent Flyer Miles Calculator
Nanga Pinoh-Borneo Island (NPO) → Denpasar (DPS).


text:
Assignment 1: Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and ChildrenWhen seeking to identify a patient's health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture—among other factors—are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process.For this Assignment, you will consider the validity and reliability of different assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You will explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children's health and weight.To PrepareReview this week's Learning Resources and consider factors that impact the validity and reliability of various assessment tools and diagnostic tests.By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to one of the following Assignment options by your Instructor: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests – CologuardSearch the Walden Library and credible sources for resources explaining the tool or test you were assigned. What is its purpose, how is it conducted, and what information does it gather?_URL_ SEE attached documentsAlso, as you search the Walden library and credible sources, consider what the literature discusses regarding the validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, ethical dilemmas, and controversies related to the test or tool.The AssignmentAssignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):topic is = CologuardAssignment Option 1: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests:Include the following:A description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you were assigned is used in healthcare.What is its purpose?How is it conducted?What information does it gather?Based on your research, evaluate the test or the tool's validity and reliability, and explain any issues with sensitivity, reliability, and predictive values. Include references in appropriate APA formatting.
What is Timelyhomework
It is a custom writing service that is popular among students and has existed for over ten years. Thus, we have the right experience and skills to deliver ideal academic content for our clientele.
_PHONE_


Try Our Apps
Pore Over vs. Pour Over
[duhmp] /dʌmp/
verb (used with object)
to drop or let fall in a mass; fling down or drop heavily or suddenly:
Dump the topsoil here.
to empty out, as from a container, by tilting or overturning.
to unload or empty out (a container), as by tilting or overturning.
to be dismissed, fired, or released from a contract:
The first baseman was dumped from the team after hitting.210 for the first half of the season.
to transfer or rid oneself of suddenly and irresponsibly:
Don't dump your troubles on me!
Boxing Slang.
 1. to knock down:
 The champion was dumped twice but won the fight.
 2. to lose (a match) intentionally:
 a bribe to dump a fight.
 1. to put (goods or securities) on the market in large quantities and at a low price without regard to the effect on market conditions.
 2. to sell (goods) into foreign markets below cost in order to promote exports or damage foreign competition.
Computers. to print, display, or record on an output medium (the contents of a computer's internal storage or the contents of a file), often at the time a program fails.
Slang. to kill; murder:
threats to dump him if he didn't pay up.
verb (used without object)
to fall or drop down suddenly.
to throw away or discard garbage, refuse, etc.
 1. to offer goods for sale in large quantities at a low price.
 2. to dump below-cost goods into foreign markets.
to release contents:
a sewage pipe that dumps in the ocean.
Slang. to complain, criticize, gossip, or tell another person one's problems:
He calls me up just to dump.
Slang: Vulgar. to defecate.
an accumulation of discarded garbage, refuse, etc.
Also called dumpsite, dumping-ground. a place where garbage, refuse, etc., is deposited.
 1. a collection of ammunition, stores, etc., deposited at some point, as near a battlefront, for distribution.
 2. the ammunition, stores, etc., so deposited.
the act of dumping.
 1. a runway or embankment equipped with tripping devices, from which low-grade ore, rock, etc., are dumped.
 2. the pile of ore so dumped.
Informal. a place, house, or town that is dilapidated, dirty, or disreputable.
(in merchandising) a bin or specially made carton in which items are displayed for sale:
Fifty copies of the best-selling paperback novel were in a dump near the checkout counter.
Computers. a copy of the contents of a computer's internal storage or of the contents of a file at a given instant, that is printed, displayed, or stored on an output medium.
dump on (someone), Informal.
 1. to attack with verbal abuse; criticize harshly:
 Reporters never tired of dumping on certain public figures.
 2. to unload one's problems onto (another person):
 You never phone me without dumping on me.
Origin of dump
_PHONE_; Middle English (in sense "to fall suddenly") < Old Norse dumpa strike, bump; modern senses as transitive v. and noun (not known before 19th cent.) perhaps < another source, or independent expressive formation
Related forms
dumper, noun
undumped, adjective Unabridged
Cite This Source
Examples from the Web for dumping
Contemporary Examples
Historical Examples
 - Consequently it soon became the dumping grounds for fugitives from justice and criminals of all kinds.
 The Indians' Last Fight Dennis Collins
 - dumping him into the car, Joe mounted hastily and drove off.
 The Burning Spear John Galsworthy
 - Some grow in flat rich ground, or where there has been a fill, or on dumping grounds; some grow on wood and around old stumps.
 - For several days, the south of England was a dumping ground—from somewhere.
 The Book of the Damned Charles Fort
 - Three or four were dumping a squat-bellied car into one of them.
 Mountain Clement Wood
British Dictionary definitions for dumping
to drop, fall, or let fall heavily or in a mass
(transitive) to empty (objects or material) out of a container
to unload, empty, or make empty (a container), as by tilting or overturning
(transitive) (informal) to dispose of
(transitive) to dispose of (waste, esp radioactive nuclear waste) in the sea or on land
 1. to market (goods) in bulk and at low prices
 2. to offer for sale large quantities of (goods) on foreign markets at low prices in order to maintain a high price in the home market and obtain a share of the foreign markets
(transitive) to store (supplies, arms, etc) temporarily
(intransitive) (slang, mainly US) to defecate
(transitive) (surfing) (of a wave) to hurl a swimmer or surfer down
(transitive) (Austral & NZ) to compact (bales of wool) by hydraulic pressure
(transitive) (computing) to record (the contents of part or all of the memory) on a storage device, such as magnetic tape, at a series of points during a computer run
 1. a place or area where waste materials are dumped
 2. (in combination): rubbish dump
a pile or accumulation of rubbish
the act of dumping
(informal) a dirty or unkempt place
(military) a place where weapons, supplies, etc, are stored
(slang, mainly US) an act of defecation
See also dump on
Derived Forms
dumper, noun
Word Origin
C14: probably of Scandinavian origin; compare Norwegian dumpa to fall suddenly, Middle Low German dumpeln to duck
(obsolete) a mournful song; lament
Word Origin
C16: see damp
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
Cite This Source
Word Origin and History for dumping
early 14c., "throw down or fall with force," perhaps from a Scandinavian source (cf. Danish dumpe, Norwegian dumpa "to fall suddenly"). The sense of "unload en masse" is first recorded in American English 1784. That of "discard, abandon" is from 1919. Related: Dumped; dumping. Dump truck is from 1930.
"place where refuse is dumped," 1865, originally of mining operations, from dump (v.). Meaning "any shabby place" is from 1899. Meaning "act of defecating" is from 1942.
Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
Cite This Source
dumping in Culture
dumping definition
The sale of goods of one nation in the markets of a second nation at less than the price charged within the first nation. Dumping can eliminate competitors by undercutting their prices.
The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition
Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Cite This Source
Slang definitions & phrases for dumping
Harsh criticism; severe derogation: A coupon is provided on page 47 for your dumping (1950s+)
 1. Any place so shabby or ugly as to be comparable to a depository for trash and garbage; a repulsive venue: What a dump my hometown is now! (1899+)
 2. Any building or place: Nice little dump you got here/ fanciest dump in town (1930s+)
 3. A prison (1904+ Underworld)
 4. A race, game, etc, that is intentionally lost, usually for gambling advantage; fix: When he took a dive in the first I knew we had a dump on our hands (1940s+ Gambling)
 5. A defecation; a SHIT: To start the morning with a satisfactory dump is a good omen (1940s+)
 6. A fund-raising event that allows many contributions to be given at once; scoop: The chief has a breakfast dump at the Century Plaza, then a stump speech at 2 p.m. (1990s+ Politics)
 1. To sell goods, stock, etc, in order to manipulate or depress a market (1868+)
 2. : Players accepting bribes to ''dump'' games
 3. To bunt a baseball: Dehoney dumped one toward third (1920+ Baseball)
 4. To kill (1930s+ Underworld)
 5. To rid oneself of someone or something; deep six: He dumped the whole cabinet (1848+)
 6. To admit someone to a hospital without proper cause •Often done as a way of avoiding responsibility for a patient (1980s+ Medical)
 7. To assign vulnerable novices and officers with disciplinary infractions to drug-ridden precincts (1990s+ Police)
 8. To speak openly and volubly: I shake my head and proceed to start dumping about my mom (1990s+)
Related Terms


text:
These two plates reproduce works from the Petit Palais belonging to the Dutuit collection. The images were obtained using the photochromy process.
In the recent catalogue Photochromie. Voyage en couleur, _PHONE_ [Photochromy. A Journey in Colour, _PHONE_], Sabine Arqué describes this complex process: " […] photochromes are mass-produced colorized lithographic proofs obtained from a black and white photographic negative […].
Léon Vidal filed a patent for the invention of the photochromy technique in 1872. Photochromies were successful, especially for reproductions of works of art. The effect is quite characteristic: the way in which the image is printed gives the impression of relief to the photograph, as well as bright colours which appealed to enthusiasts. In 1872, Léon Vidal embarked on the huge project of using photochromy to reproduce exhaustively the major works of art in French collections. The luxurious book was called Trésor artistique de la France, but never progressed beyond volume II.
Auguste Dutuit, an occasional photographer, paid close attention to the dissemination of his work and was enthusiastic about the most up-to-date techniques such as chromolithography. The works reproduced in these two plates were probably part of a much larger collection. Could they have been plates from the Trésor artistique de la France? Or plates commissioned directly by Auguste Dutuit to enhance his collection?


text:
Environmental permits, information and damage
The environmental permitting regulations set the operating conditions for businesses through a permitting framework. Its risk based approach includes a hierarchy of permits from those that are tailor made for larger, more risky operations to simple registrations and exemptions from permitting for less risky operations. Permitting operations include industrial installations, mobile plant waste and extractive waste, those discharging to water and/or groundwater and radioactive substances activities.
The environmental information regulations aim to involve the public in environmental matters by giving them the right of access to environmental information held by public authorities.
The environmental damage regulations oblige operators to take steps to prevent serious environmental damage from occurring or, where it does occur, to make good such damage in line with the polluter pays principle.
You can find 3 regulations that relate to environmental permits, information and damage below to the left.
Environmental Information Regulations 2004 (EIRs)
Increase access to environmental information in order to increase public participation in environmental decision-making, inform debate, and increase awareness of environmental matters.
Environmental Permitting Regulations 2010
The Regulations provide a risk based framework to control activities that could cause pollution.
Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations 2009
The regulations place obligations on operators to make good serious cases of damage to the environment, transposing the provisions of the EU Environmental Liability Directive.
Tell us what you think should happen to these regulations and why, being specific where possible:
- Should we scrap them altogether?
- Could their purpose be achieved in a non-regulatory way (eg through a voluntary code?) How?
- Could they be reformed, simplified or merged? How?
- Can we reduce their bureaucracy through better implementation? How?
- Can we make their enforcement less burdensome? How?
- Should they be left as they are?
For example, you might consider how the application process for permits could be further improved or the requirements for smaller businesses further simplified.


text:
Last month Hurricane Irma made landfall in Florida, leaving a wake of devastation in its path. An estimated $2.5 billion in damage was done to production agriculture across the Sunshine State. Dairy producers were not hit as hard as other sectors, but losses are still expected to total near $12 million according to officials with the Florida Department of Agriculture.
"Florida agriculture took it on the chin as Hurricane Irma pummeled the state, and the $2.5 billion in agricultural damages is only an initial assessment," says Adam H. Putnam, Florida commissioner of agriculture.
A report released by the Florida Department of Agriculture with data from USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service assessed damage in all of Florida's 67 counties.
Irma forced milk processing plants to shutdown prior, during and after the storm. Southeast Milk Inc., a milk cooperative in with members across Florida, lost an estimated $1,951,695 from milk dumping and milk being sold at lower prices in other markets.
Electricity went down for several days at dairies making cooling animals with fans difficult, leading to heat stress and lower milk production. It is estimated Florida dairy farms will lose $7.5 million in revenue during the next four months because of the health setbacks cattle suffered.
An estimated 40 dairies incurred significant damage from Irma to barns, equipment, fences and other structures. No official number is released, but estimates include:
- $4,000 per farm in debris cleanup and rebuilding fences: $160,000.
- $50,000 per farm in damage to barns, sheds, milk parlors, and other infrastructure: $2,000,000.
- $5,000 per farm in equipment damage: $200,000.
"We're likely to see even greater economic losses as we account for loss of future production and the cost to rebuild infrastructure," Putnam says.
Total losses, including crop losses, to dairy producers in the state are estimated to be $11,811,695.
Losses for other agriculture industry sectors include:
- Citrus: $760,816,600
- Beef Cattle: $237,476,562
- Aquaculture: $36,850,000
- Fruits and Vegetables (Excludes Citrus): $180,193,096
- Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture: $624,819,895
- Sugar: $382,603,397
- Field Crops: $62,747,058
- Forestry $261,280,000
The report states Florida has more than 100 dairies milking 125,000 total cows. Annually milk sales are more than $500 million in Florida.


text:
The subsidiary protection
The subsidiary protection is recognized in the presence of personal serious damage.
In order to recognize subsidiary protection,serious damage is considered as:
a) death sentence or execution of death sentence;
b) torture or other types of punishment, inhuman or demeaning behaviour to the detritment of the applicant in his/her Country of origin;
c) serious individual threats to the life of a civilian resulting from indiscriminating violence in situations of inland or international armed conflict.
The recognition of subsidiary protection allows:
the issuing of a permit of stay for subsidiary protection for 3 years;
the issuing of a travel document for those who cannot apply for it to their own Embassy for travelling abroad;
to reunite the family, or do a cohesion, on the basis of requirements previewed by the law, but with facilities with regard to the documents certifying family relationship;
access to occupation;
access to education;
health and social care (civil disability, accompaniment benefit, maternity benefit) equal to Italian citizens.


text:
Carbohydrates are an important component of organic matter in the ocean. They originate from primary production, and are used by the phytoplankton cell as structural components and for energy storage, or released to the pool of dissolved organic matter by exudation, leakage, grazing or cell lysis. It is generally accepted that dissolved carbohydrates (dCHO) serve as an important food source for heterotrophic organisms, especially bacteria. More recently, it has been demonstrated that dCHO, and in particular acidic sugars, are also involved in abiotic processes, such as the formation of carbohydrate colloids and their subsequent aggregation into gel particles, or in the scavenging of trace metals, such as thorium, from the dissolved phase. The understanding of these processes is prerequisite to better estimate upper ocean particle dynamics and organic matter export to the deep-sea. To ascertain the temporal dynamics of dCHO and their partitioning into gel particles, we measured the abundances of neutral and acidic sugars and transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) during several lab, mesocosm and field studies. Analysis of neutral and acidic sugars in seawater was performed using High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography (HPAEC) after desalination by dialysis (1000 Da) and acid hydrolysis. Here, we show preliminary results on the composition and abundance of dCHO and TEP in the course of phytoplankton blooms that were dominated by either diatoms or coccolithophores.
Helmholtz Research Programs > MARCOPOLI (2004-2008) > MAR1-Decadal Variability and Global Change


fbpx MEMO Timer | Abilia Skip to main content
MEMO Timer
MEMO Timer gives a visual representation of time, making something which otherwise is invisible, visible! Time is an abstract concept so learning it can be difficult for many people, when someone says half an hour, what does that mean? How do we feel that half an hour has passed? MEMO Timer allows you to get a quick and easy visual track of the time, allowing it to become accessible.
MEMO Timer displays the time as LED's that go out as the time passes, when the timer is finished the display LEDs will flash; this can be accompanied by an auditory signal or a tactile vibrate option.
MEMO Timer is waterproof so it can be used in the bathroom or outside, whatever the weather.
MEMO Timer is available in four versions:
MEMO Timer 8 shows time in 2, 4, 6, 8 minutes (art.no 500150)
MEMO Timer 20 shows time in 5, 10, 15, 20 minutes (art.no 500155)
MEMO Timer 60 shows time in 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes (art.no 500160)
MEMO Timer 80 shows time in 20, 40, 60, 80 minutes (art.no 500165)
The product is marketed as a technical aid class I for people with disabilities and complies with Regulation (EU) 2017/745 - MDR
MEMO Timer - Video