Quick Answer: What Is The Difference Between Public And Private Employers?
What are the features of private sector?
The main feature of the private sector is its management by private individuals without government involvement, but there are more features of the private sector:Profit motive.Private ownership and control.No state participation.Independent management.Private finance.Work culture of employees..
What makes a private good unique?
A private good is a product that must be purchased to be consumed, and consumption by one individual prevents another individual from consuming it. … Economists refer to private goods as rivalrous and excludable, and can be contrasted with public goods.
Is private or public company better?
The primary advantage of a publicly-traded company is that it can tap into the market by selling more shares. The primary advantage of a privately traded company is that it doesn't need to answer to any stockholders & there's no need for disclosures as well. Publicly traded companies are big companies.
What percentage of jobs are private sector?
In 2013, public sector employees accounted for 21 percent of total employment, while private sector employees accounted for 64 percent and the selfemployed 15 percent.
Do private or public companies pay more?
Most privately owned companies pay better than their publicly owned counterparts. One reason for this is that, with many exceptions, private companies aren't as well known, so they need to offer better incentives to attract the best employees. Private companies also tend to offer more incentive-based pay packages.
Why do companies go from public to private?
Going private is an attractive and viable alternative for many public companies. Being acquired can create significant financial gain for shareholders and CEOs while fewer regulatory and reporting requirements for private companies can free up time and money to focus on long-term goals.
What are the disadvantages of public limited company?
DisadvantagesOriginal owners lose control and ownership of the business.Professional directors and manager appointed to run the business may have different aims to those of the shareholders.Must disclose all main accounts to the public. … Company can be taken over if a majority of shareholders agree to bid.
What is an example of a private employer?
Examples of Private employer in a sentence Private employer" means a sole proprietor, corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity with one or more employees. Private employer" includes corporations, including professional corporations, partnerships and natural persons.
What is the difference between a public employee and a private employee?
Private sector employees work for businesses and nonprofits; public sector employees perform official functions, such as law enforcement, public education and public safety.
What are the differences between staffing in the private and public sectors?
The private sector is revenue driven, and requires a surplus to pay its employees, and to maintain stability and growth. The public sector is tax-payer funded and is service driven. Although budgets regulate hiring, public sector jobs are designed to run governments, schools and other public resources.
What is the meaning of private employee?
The private sector employs workers through individual business owners, corporations or other non-government agencies. Jobs include those in manufacturing, financial services, professions, hospitality, or other non-government positions. … The public sector employs workers through the federal, state or local government.


Home educating due to under funding
Dennis discusses their family's choice to home educate instead of'special' provision and how underfunding affected her child in mainstream school
Bruria Finkel and Courtney Gilbert
StoryCorps facilitator Courtney Gilbert (28) talks with Bruria Finkel (87) about her career as an artist, her family and how she opened doors for women in the arts.
Made to be true to yourself
Mary talks with members of the Colorado Episcopal Service Corps about life lessons she has learned and the role religion and community has played in her life
Cathy Barker and Dick Weaver
Cathy Barker (66) shares a unique story with her husband Dick Weaver (68) centered around her family's long practice of hospitality and inclusion. Cathy shares a story about about Jacques, her mother's life-long friend, who was rejected by his parents...
LGBTQ+ inclusion in churches
I interview Jared Jaggers, a pastoral resident at Wilshire Baptist Church, about its recent LGBTQ+ inclusion decision and LGBTQ+ involvement in churches.
Lisa Sanchez and Lynne Clunk
Lisa Sanchez (49) interviews her first grade teacher Lynne Clunk (63). The two share memories of their interactions, how each has influenced the other and the obstacles they've overcome.


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1516: Two Bavarian dukes issue a decree that limits the ingredients used in brewing beer to barley, water and hops.
Referred to today as the Reinheitsgebot (purity ordinance), the decree has come to be known as a beer-purity law that was intended to keep undesirable or unhealthy ingredients out of beer. But the original text doesn't explicitly state the reasoning behind the regulation.
An English translation of the decree simply states,"We wish to emphasize that in future in all cities, markets and in the country, the only ingredients used for the brewing of beer must be barley, hops and water."
In fact, the main intent of the decree had more to do with bread than beer.
"The government simply didn't want people using valuable grains for beer," said historian Maureen Ogle, author of Ambitious Brew: The Story of American Beer. "I think it was really just an attempt to keep beermakers from infringing on the territory of people who made bread."
Ensuring cheap bread was critical in times of food scarcity, a real problem for 16th-century Bavaria. While barley is not very digestible and consequently does not make for good eating, grains like wheat and rye are great for bread. The Bavarian leadership wanted to head off competition for those grains, in order to keep the price of food down.
An unintended side effect of the regulation may have been a purer brew, but Ogle suspects the idea that purity motivated the rule may have germinated after World War II, when Germany's economy was struggling.
"After the war, they were looking for ways to bolster their economy, and one thing they could do is export beer," Ogle said. "My educated guess is it's directly connected to this drive."
The beer-purity angle probably really took hold in the United States in the 1960s as craft brewing was becoming more popular, Ogle said. The Reinheitsgebot is still discussed on beer blogs today.
"If here had been no craft-beer movement, there wouldn't be anybody sitting around talking about this law today," she said.
The name Reinheitsgebot did not appear in print until 1918, and wasn't applied beyond Bavaria until 1871 when the German Empire was formed. According to the German Beer Institute, the law became an official part of the tax code in 1919 — despite the protestations of brewers — when Bavaria refused to join the Weimar Republic unless the law was enforced throughout the republic.
Until Germany joined the European Union in 1987, a version of the Reinheitsgebot was still part of the German tax code, with the addition of yeast (until Louis Pasteur came along, yeast's role in fermentation wasn't known), and the inclusion of ingredients that can also be used in other food, such as wheat.
Many German brewers still proudly claim to follow the Reinheitsgebot, and beers that do comply get special protections as a traditional food. It's used as a marketing tool, and the beers have "Gebraut nach dem deutschen Reinheitsgebot" (brewed according to the German Purity Ordinance) on the label.
Today the penalty for not abiding by the Reinheitsgebot may only be the upturned noses of some American craft brewers. But in the 16th century, the consequences of brewing an offending beer were far more dire: They lost the beer.
"Whosoever knowingly disregards or transgresses upon this ordinance, shall be punished by the court authorities' confiscating such barrels of beer, without fail."
Image: No, these soldiers are not confiscating transgressive beer. The caption says, "Preparations for the Kaiser's birthday celebration at the front. Beer delivered from home is unloaded." On the left-hand inset, "Zensiert" means "censored." Circa _PHONE_.
Courtesy New York Public Library
- April 7, 1933: Gimme a Tall, Cold One
- It's Beer O'Clock! Watch Has Built-In Bottle Opener
- Why Geologists Love Beer
- How Wired.com Built Beer Robot, Our DIY Kegerator
- Beer Gear, From Can to Refrigerator Robot
- April 23, 1827: Shedding a Ray of Light on Rays of Light
- April 23, 1940: Batteries Included, and They Don't Leak
- April 23, 1984: AIDS Virus Disclosed, and a Premature Promise Made
- Aug. 10, 1519: Magellan Sets Sail Into History

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Dynamic pricing, demand-related pricing, hyper-personalized pricing: Leading firms such as Amazon and Uber show us how successful pricing strategies can be implemented using digital tools and services. Digital pricing techniques have the potential to generate sustainable profits for a wide range of businesses.
Digitalization isn't just about technology; it's fundamentally about how businesses make money, and therefore it has a significant impact on pricing strategies. Digitalization affects pricing in two ways:
- New digital solutions and business models call for new pricing models
- Digital tools offer companies ways to make faster and more differentiated pricing decisions within their existing business models
New digital pricing models for new digital products
Using traditional pricing models is not an effective method to monetize innovative solutions based on digital technology. This applies to numerous IoT devices (objects and machines connected via the "Internet of Things"). These networked objects have built-in software solutions that use machine data and usage information to boost productivity and predict when maintenance will be needed. This leads to less downtime and lower costs for customers. For its drilling machines, GE used to set a sale price per machine; however, this didn't fully tap the "value in use" of its new digital solutions. Instead, GE implemented a usage-based model, charging per day of drilling, and incorporated additional services into its offer. As a result, the manufacturer now profits from digitalization.
Another example is Ecolab, which offers a real-time data-driven water management process, rather than simply selling water chemicals. Using gathered data and benchmarks, Ecolab identifies ways for water treatment providers to operate their plants more effectively and efficiently over the long term. A pricing model based on volume of water chemicals sold doesn't reflect the added value provided to the customer. A better approach is to install the necessary hardware more economically and use a subscription pricing model to generate recurring revenue streams. Such models are highly customer-centric, putting customer relationships at the core of business strategy.
Supporting existing pricing processes through digitalization
Even companies without innovative digital products can benefit considerably from digital pricing. With the help of digital tools, existing processes can be made much more efficient. For example, Excel spreadsheets are still used in countless pricing departments. While Excel is a good starting point, it has a number of weaknesses that hinder the use of digital pricing, such as the need to enter and transfer data manually, difficulties in sharing insights with colleagues, compatibility issues due to multiple versions of the software, the inability to conduct real-time reporting and price management, and the fact that there is no "single source of truth" when it comes to data.
More evolved software solutions for digital pricing have many benefits. They support price optimization based on a large number of data sets, generate better and more granular price differentiation, and increase process efficiency, leading to fewer mistakes. Plenty of software providers offer this kind of solution; however, companies should bear in mind that the software they use should reflect their pricing requirements and be able to manage interfaces with existing systems, such as ERP or CRM systems. Selecting modular solutions for specific needs or customized solutions has often proven to be a smarter approach than opting for huge, all-inclusive pricing machines. Furthermore, there are many easy-to-use, standalone solutions for very specific pricing tasks. Here are some examples:
- List price optimization via our cloud-based Price Map App that helps companies to visualize and detect portfolio pricing patterns and manage and monitor changes
- Our PeerPricing App that analyzes historical sales data, creates peer groups, and recommends target prices based on specific criteria
- Our Sales & Pricing Dashboards based on Tableau, a visual analytics and business information software that provide an outlook on price performance and price effects
Apart from these tools, there are also more extensive solutions based on big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML). Implementing such technologies can be highly beneficial but require a word of caution – they are not suitable for every pricing decision. Furthermore, they rely heavily on broad and reliable data input and are still often "black-box" models with little transparency on accuracy of results. At times, they may also conflict with the company's pricing strategy as pricing is completely automated. Having in-depth knowledge and applying these technologies carefully are key to success. Find out more about this.
Technology and pricing software will never replace sound pricing skills and pricing fundamentals, such as having in place clear pricing structures, well-functioning systems for price steering and control, effective price-increase processes, and a set of common pricing principles. Solid data management and governance are needed, but discipline, harmonization, and standardization are also important aspects of pricing. A building material company, for example, streamlined 99 SAP pricing procedures into a single global one, while still reflecting the specifics of the business. This was an enormous effort, but a necessary step in order to be ready to tackle digitalization.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Clarification on multiple schemas with same namespace
From: John Kaputin (gmail)
Date: Thu, 21 Jul 2005 15:38:11 +0100
Message-ID: <_EMAIL_>
To: _EMAIL_
Cc: John Kaputin
I want to confirm that I have interpreted WSDL 2.0 spec correctly on
multiple schemas with the same namespace.
My interpretation is:
1) The element may contain multiple with the same namespace.
2) The element may contain multiple with the same
Is this correct?
Part 1 Section 3.1.2 "Inlining XML Schema" confused me a bit with the text:
"It is NOT an error to import two or more schemas from the same
targetNamespace. "
This text mentions 'import' but the section heading is 'Inlining'. Is
this a typo or should the text be in section 3.1.1 "Importing XML
The only mention of multiple inline schemas with the same namespace is
in the Primer section 3.2.2 "Multiple Inline Schemas" which states:
" two or more schemas may have the same target namespace provided that
they do not define the same elements or types"
This statement or words to this effect should probably be in the Part
1 normative spec too.
John Kaputin.
Received on Thursday, 21 July 2005 14:38:44 GMT


Page 1 of 1
Purpose of reg(RegisterLogic1)?
PostPosted: 23 Apr 2019, 20:21
by wolko
What are they for and what can I do with them?
I looked at the MIDI Mapping for the Reloop Terminal Mix 4 and it seems like they just light up an LED when a Button is pressed.
Thanks a lot!
Re: Purpose of reg(RegisterLogic1)?
PostPosted: 24 Apr 2019, 18:48
by FigDJ
With MIDI mapping you have the ability to assign more than one command to a button or knob.
Most MIDI commands in Cross have of course the command in the input section and an output in the output section to light up and LED. However, there are some command that do not have and output section but you may still want to light up and indicator in your controller to let you know that something is active or to light up when a specific value is activated in Shift logic selector.
Let us assume (not true) that the Play/Pause command did not have an output to light up the Play button in your controller but you still want an indication when play is active.
In that case you would map the Play/Pause button to the correct address and channel and would also map a Registerlogic command to that button.
Know you can map an output to the registerlogic command that would light up the LED.
Another example.
Shift logic commands have output capability, when you use ModShiftLogic you can assign for a specicic LED to come on when the selected ModShiftLogic is active.
That is not the case with the Shift Logic selector,. It has no output.
So you can't tell when a specific value for shift logic is active.
So know let us assume that you have two buttons assigned to activate the Shift selector to value 1 and the other button to Shift selector value 2.
After mapping they are functional but give no indication of which one is active.
So to get and indication you would map Register logic 1 along with Shift Selector value 1 and Register logic 2 along with Shift Selector value 2.
Know map the output of Register logic one and 2 to the desired LED.
End results is that you mapped Shift Selector commands (that have no indicator output) to perform the function. And Register Logic command (which have output) to give you the desired indication when a specific Shift selector value is active.
Hope that helps
Re: Purpose of reg(RegisterLogic1)?
PostPosted: 03 May 2019, 20:16
by wolko
thanks a lot, that was exactly what I needed to know :)


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CT scan read errors a leading cause of patient injury
The results of the study, by The Doctors Company, provides evidence of the increasing complexity of radiologists' workloads and how artificial intelligence-based tools might provide essential support that could reduce mistakes.
The study by The Doctors Company, the nation's largest physician-owned medical malpractice insurer, found that misinterpretation of scans and films—particularly CT scans—is the leading cause of patient injury involving diagnostic radiologists. The study analyzed closed malpractice claims against both diagnostic and interventional radiologists.
The study involved physician experts who reviewed claims and conducted medical record reviews to gain an accurate and unbiased understanding of what led to patient injuries. The analysis found:
- The top contributing factor to patient injury was misinterpretation of diagnostic studies, occurring in 78 percent of cases.
- The most common injury from misinterpretation of a diagnostic study was an undiagnosed malignancy.
- CT scans were a factor in 34 percent of the cases involving misinterpretation of diagnostic studies.
"The findings in this study, especially those involving CT scans, should be noted by all diagnostic radiologists and clinicians," says Bradley N. Delman, MD, a neuroradiologist and vice chair for quality in radiology at New York City's Mount Sinai Hospital. "It appears that communication between radiologists and clinicians is happening more effectively than shown in a prior survey of claims, but with 18 percent of injuries still associated with poor communication between physicians, we still have plenty of room for improvement."
In claims against interventional radiologists, physician experts found:
- The top contributing factor to injury was technical performance, occurring in 76 percent of claims—most involving patients who suffered poor outcomes after invasive procedures.
- In 65 percent of these cases, the correct procedure was performed appropriately, even when the patient suffered an undesirable outcome.
- Only 11 percent of claims were found to be caused by poor technique or performed on an incorrect body site.


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_PHONE_: Children's book
Completed AE projects
When someone is suffering from dementia, the whole family is affected. It can be difficult for everyone, but particularly for children who do not always understand what is going on. In 1999, Alzheimer Europe (in collaboration with the Association Luxembourg Alzheimer) produced a book aimed at helping children understand more about Alzheimer's disease and possibly come to terms with it. The book is aimed at children between the age of 8 and 11 and is suitable for those who have a relative with dementia, as well as those who do not.
Participants from eight of our member associations were involved in the project:
- France: Association France Alzheimer
- Greece: Greek Alzheimer Association
- Iceland: F.A.A.S.
- Luxembourg: Association Luxembourg Alzheimer
- Portugal: APFADA
- Switzerland: Association Alzheimer Suisse
- The Netherlands: Alzheimerstichting
- United Kingdom: Alzheimer Scotland-Action on Dementia
Funding and duration
The European Commission granted the necessary funds for the "Alzheimer Children's Book Project" to the Association Luxembourg Alzheimer. Alzheimer Europe worked in close cooperation with the Association Luxembourg Alzheimer on this project which started in December 1997 and finished in June 1999.
The main aims of this project were to produce a book about Alzheimer's disease which would provide children with basic information about Alzheimer's disease (though the story), answer some of the questions they may have, remove some of the stigma associated with having a relative with Alzheimer's disease and provide a tool for the topic to be discussed in schools, at home and amongst friends.
Moreover, it was our aim to write a book which would be directly accessible to a young audience rather than the parents of children with a relative with dementia.
The first stage of this project involved collecting copies of existing information in order to analyse its content, produce a summary and compile an inventory. Before starting to write the story, Alzheimer Luxembourg Association, in close collaboration with Alzheimer Europe, organised interviews with young children in order to assess their real needs with regard to information about Alzheimer's disease and their preferences concerning the style of the book. These interviews enabled us to analyse the language used by young children in order to write a story in a style which was understandable and adapted to the needs of the target group.
Finally, two meetings were held with the project participants in Luxembourg. These meetings enabled the participants to define guidelines for the book, the overall structure of the story, the audience, the specific aspects of the disease to be dealt with, the characters, the setting, the style and the kind of illustrations to be included etc. and later to agree on the actual text and overall presentation.
The children's book was written in French and then translated into all the official languages of the European Union.
The children's book, which is called "Chère Mamie" in the original version, is available in French, German, Italian, Greek, Flemish and Danish and can be obtained from Alzheimer Europe or its member associations in the respective countries.
Last Updated: mercredi 25 avril 2012


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French revolution third estate essay
02 - causes of french revolution essay - honors person of the french revolution (robespierre second estate to overrule the third estate. French revolution essay the french revolution was an event of great importance in the world history the french revolution gradually failed the third estate. The french revolution essay the french revolution was an essential event in the western historical context the third estate underwent further division. This essay causes of the french revolution and other 63,000+ term papers the third estate wasn't at all blind to national economic status.
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These ideas of reason led the third estate to form the national assembly essay on the french revolution the french revolution was a period of significant. Dbq essay: causes of the french revolution the ideas of the enlightenment influenced the french revolution the third estate, or the poorest social group. The french revolution - causes of the french preview preview causes of the french revolution essay the misrepresentation felt among the third estate at the. The third estate contained france before the revolution french society was divided into there was a flood of similar pamphlets and essays around the nation.
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Causes of the french revolution essay 1042 words | 5 pages take action after receiving the list, the third estate called itself the national assembly and tried to. Cause and effects of the french revolution essay home \ free essay sample papers \ the rest of population was the third estate, so called bourgeoisie. Government and the french revolution word 100,000 complete essays and term rose up to lead the entire third estate in a great social revolution.
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there's no reason really as to why the superconductivity principle can practically make a dc-motor running as perpetual except during starting only (which needs input first). Perpetual in a sense that it can run indefinitely without requiring input current always as it becomes self-sustaining and able to run with ease even with loads.
but there are sceptics and nay-sayer or other savants and researchers who still say it is not possible? Why, what's the reason?
in my view, the resistance per se is actually (unit of which is the ohm) in fact the physical reaction of the material from the passage of the electrons (which constitutes current) per second flowing through the entire lenght of the conductive material which is proportionate to it's longitudinal dimension and inveresely to it's cross section and once this wire becomes superconductive, therefore no resistance at all, then the current flows indefinitely (ad infinitum) without losses. Then if that's the case, what remains is the inductance of the wire only as it is formed into a loop and the more the loop it increases the better the inductance and with this inductance (analogous to inertia) then as the electrical energy (current flow) is stored in the magnetic field and it does in fact supports the storage of the current in magnetic the flux. So, with the help of the permanent magnet's field flux and in reaction with this stored electrical energy in the magnetic flux of the wire loops as in the stator, then one in theory, can make the dc-motor run perpetually, as the rotor rotates (using permanent magnets)!, right? So, now, why this can not be done or will not work?


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It's a wonderful thing when people make interesting data sets available to the public. When Thomas Jones wrote a paper in Econometrics about the growth of US retail giant Walmart, he made the data he collected about every Walmart store opening in history (location and date) available to the public. Since then, several people have used different techniques to visualize the data.
Biostatistician Corey Chivers used the R language to create this animation of the growth of the mega-retailer over time:
Corey used an R script to create this animation above, which you could easily adapt to other geolocated data to show accumulation over time.


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Kristophe Green Sciences
The Effect of Awe on Collective Creativity
Researchers have found that, in general, positive emotions lead to greater creativity (operationalized as increased cognitive fluency, flexibility, and divergent thinking) than do negative emotions. Increasingly, innovations and gamechanging insights are the product of not one creative person, but teams of people working together to produce results. It is essential to understand how creativity functions within groups, and how/which emotions play a role in increasing the creativity of these groups. Kristophes proposed research project addresses the question of how different positive emotions influence group creativity. Specifically, he will test whether awe, a positive emotion that has been shown to produce different cognitive and behavioral tendencies relevant to creative performance, and has also been shown to produce prosociality, increases group creativity.
Photo: Kristophe (second from right) enjoying a meal with fellow Haas Scholars during Orientation Week.


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A pioneering study presented at EHRA 2019, a European Society of Cardiology (ESC) congress, reports that the ear can be used for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal detection. In the study, a novel ECG device utilised signals from the ear and hand to check heart rhythm. This new ECG not requiring two hands could be used by drivers, athletes, and the military, according to researchers.
"Mobile ECG devices present a major opportunity to detect atrial fibrillation, the most common heart rhythm disorder, and thereby prevent strokes and reduce hospitalisations," said study author Dr. Raffaele De Lucia, of the University Hospital of Pisa, Italy. "All commercially available portable ECG devices require both hands, but what if symptoms happen while driving?"
The study included 32 consecutive healthy volunteers (cardiology students and nurses). An ECG was first performed by the standard method, which uses the index and middle finger of each hand. A second ECG was conducted using the index and middle finger of the left hand and a clip attached to the left ear. (See image)
All ECGs were printed and analysed by the device and by two cardiologists who were blinded to which method had been used. No differences were detected in the ECG results obtained by the two methods. The findings, Dr. De Lucia noted, clearly show that the ear can be used as an innovative anatomical site for ECG signal detection in healthy adults. "We are now conducting further studies to validate this method in patients with cardiac arrhythmias," the author added.
The study's findings also pave the way for a new kind of single lead ECG wearable device which leaves one hand free, making it easier to use. In addition to detecting previously undiagnosed atrial fibrillation, the ECG device could be used to evaluate physical performance during exercise, prevent fainting, and check the heart during symptoms including dizziness and breathlessness.
For patients already diagnosed with cardiac conditions such as atrial fibrillation, the device could help with monitoring their condition, according to Dr. De Lucia and co-authors.
Image Credit: ESC


32nd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary
Tuesday, November 17, 2020 - 9:00pm
2020 Joint Statement: 32nd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary
U.S.-Korea Business Council and Korea-U.S. Business Council
November 16-17, 2020 EST | November 17-18, 2020 KST
Members of the U.S.-Korea Business Council and the Korea-U.S. Business Council (the "Councils") held the 32nd Annual Joint Plenary Meeting on November 16-17 EST (November 17-18 KST) in a hybrid—in-person and virtual—format due to public health and safety concerns amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Centered around the theme, "Fostering U.S.-Korea Commercial Relations and Promoting Economic Growth and Innovation," the Councils assembled senior business leaders from the United States and Korea to discuss creative ways to enhance U.S.-Korea commercial collaboration and business resiliency and to promote sustainable economic growth. In addition, the Councils discussed sectoral opportunities and challenges in the digital economy, acknowledging the economic impact of the pandemic.
As this year marked the 70th anniversary of the outbreak of the Korean War, the Councils commemorated the U.S.-Korea alliance, which continues to be the lynchpin of peace and stability both on the Korean Peninsula and in the region. This important anniversary has given our two countries the occasion to celebrate not just our rich history rooted in a common cause, but also our shared values and democratic principles. As the two countries look to strengthen the alliance into the future, the Councils explored areas in which both private sectors can contribute to the bilateral relationship. The Councils appreciate efforts by both governments to sustain an ongoing dialogue on regulatory, policy, and technology issues and build on the strength of bilateral ties to enhance their partnership on regional and global issues.
Now more than ever as we prepare for a post-pandemic world, the Councils believe it is also crucial to turn our focus to sustained economic growth and innovation. To this end, we discussed a number of innovative areas for public-private sector collaboration not only in jointly establishing the necessary infrastructure for a thriving digital economy, but also in working together to develop harmonized regulatory frameworks that encourage the growth of our two countries' digital economies. Specifically, we discussed the importance of regulatory coherence in this space and emphasized that the business community is often faced with duplicative rules and regulations. The Councils urge the review and harmonization of policies, laws, rules, and regulations to streamline business compliance and minimize their deviations from global standards.
The Councils recognize the importance of bolstering U.S.-Korea cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic and global economic uncertainty, in close cooperation with like-minded countries that share our values and democratic principles. We believe the following recommendations will help enhance bilateral commercial ties, and in turn, the overall U.S.-Korea relationship.
 1. Support government policies that foster U.S.-Korea commercial collaboration and crisis management. As the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted weaknesses in global supply chains and our economies, the Councils urge a renewed collaborative effort by our two governments, along with the private sector, to strengthen and diversify supply chains against future crises. We encourage our two governments to support businesses efforts to diversify and make new investments in ways that enhance our collective supply chain security. The pandemic also reinforced the importance of digital innovation to our societies, particularly given their crucial role in the worldwide public health response to COVID-19. Early on, the Korean government integrated digital technologies into its containment and mitigation strategy – including testing, contact tracing, and strict quarantine measures – which allowed the country to swiftly "flatten the curve." Moreover, digital technologies enabled the continuation of essential economic functions, including the facilitation of the delivery of key healthcare goods and services. As such, the Councils view the Korean New Deal to be a step in the right direction, as the proposal for economic recovery presents a major opportunity for public-private sector collaboration on the development of harmonized regulatory frameworks that encourage the growth of Korea's digital economy. In addition, the Councils also encourage the two governments to strengthen engagement with both the U.S. and Korean private sectors to ensure best practices and global standards. Furthermore, the U.S. and Korean business community urge both governments to work together to pursue a science-based and data-driven approach to COVID-19 testing and risk mitigation strategies which could limit the need for traveler quarantines that could negatively affect economic and business activities through the implementation of comprehensive, cost-effective pre-departure testing procedures and contact tracing protocols.
 2. Advocate for policies that strengthen and promote the rules-based global trading system. At a time of rising protectionist measures worldwide, a trend that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Councils believe that the United States and Korea can strengthen bilateral and multilateral economic relationships in order to restore sustainable economic recovery and growth. The Councils urge the two governments to reject trade restrictions that harm the free and rules-based global trading system. We especially encourage both governments, in coordination with other like-minded countries, to eliminate trade-restrictive measures based on overly broad application of import restrictions based on national security considerations, such as those contained in Section 232 of the U.S. Trade Expansion Act. In addition, the Councils urge the two governments to further enhance bilateral trade and investment under the framework of the Korea-U.S. FTA, particularly through digital trade. We encourage the two economies to leverage opportunities for cooperation on 5G, AI, emerging technologies, and the broader digital economy. The Councils discussed the Korean government's consideration of legislation that would vastly expand the country's class action law and agreed to further study the impact of the proposed measure on the Korean business environment. The Councils also encourage both governments to work collaboratively with other like-minded countries through regional and international fora such as APEC, the OECD, and the WTO on a range of emerging and longstanding challenges related to infrastructure, data, cybersecurity, digital taxation, and WTO reform.
 3. Review and coordinate regulatory frameworks for emerging technologies. The Councils believe that in order to develop new technology requirements related to AI, cloud, and other data and cybersecurity challenges, sustained dialogue with the private sector is critical to ensuring that new regulations do not lead to non-tariff and technical barriers to trade. The Councils encourage regulators to take all stakeholders into account as they consider changes to policies that will have a broad effect on our countries' information and communication technology (ICT) ecosystem of startups, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and global companies. We also urge consistency with pre-existing bilateral and multilateral trade agreements in regard to policies that involve trade in digital goods or services.
 4. Promote Responsible Global Development and Deployment of 5G: The Councils believe it is important for governments to devote more resources to the promotion of industry leadership in the development of standards, intellectual property, and patents that are essential to the deployment of an open technologies-based, secure, and trusted 5G ecosystem. We share the view that there is no place for untrusted, high-risk vendors in any part of 5G networks. Further, we believe that the U.S. and Korean governments, along with their allies and partners, must foster trust and improve security through continued engagement with the private sector on risk identification and mitigation efforts, as well as the promotion of continued development of trusted 5G technologies, services, and products.
 5. Improve public health outcomes and promote bilateral cooperation in biotech innovation. As both countries continue to combat the spread of COVID-19 and prepare for future public health crises, the private sector will play an increasingly important role in meeting the rise in public demand for healthcare and digital healthcare solutions. As such, the Councils encourage the two governments to create a transparent and predictable regulatory environment through regular public-private dialogues from the initial planning stages to the implementation of policies that increase access to care and improve health outcomes. Further, we remain committed to continued cooperation in the innovative biotech industry and urge the two governments to promote a business environment that incentivizes investment in innovation.
 6. Strengthen U.S.-Korea private sector commitment to sustainable business practices. Given the significant impact COVID-19 has had on the global economy in a short period of time, the pandemic could be a major turning point for environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, particularly as businesses' sustainable management and business resilience strategies have become key factors in countering the economic fallout. To this end, the Councils will work to identify and highlight best practices related to sustainable and climate friendly growth and development. Additionally, the Councils believe that promoting socially and environmentally conscious business practices will be essential to the health of our economies and paths for sustainable growth.
As investors, employers, and business leaders operating in both countries, the Councils welcome the opportunity to provide our comments. We believe that acting on these recommendations will foster innovation and sustainable economic growth in both the United States and Korea and allow for continued commercial collaboration between our economies.
The Councils agree to hold the 33rd USKBC-KUSBC Joint Plenary Meeting in the Fall of 2021 in Seoul.


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LCD display and viewing angle
 1. Jul 7, 2008 #1
 What is the detailed explanation of the limited viewing angle experienced with LCD displays? Since LCD relies on polarization, it seems to me that with reflective displays (i.e. ones without built-in light source, using onyl reflected external light) the amount of light reflected from the display depends heavily on the viewing angle, since the reflected light is polarized, so for some angles no light will be reflect at all etc. (as in Brewster's angle). However, how you explain this in backlit displays?
 2. jcsd
Can you offer guidance or do you also need help?
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This month The Metropolitan Museum of Art announces the forthcoming release of The Art of Africa: A Resource for Educators, the latest in its continuing series of resources for educators. The resource was written by Christa Clarke, curator of Africa, the Americas, and the Pacific at the Newark Museum.
The rich and diverse artistic heritage of sub-Saharan Africa is presented in forty traditional works inthe Metropolitan's collection. Included are a brief introduction and history of the continent, an explanation of the role of visual expression in Africa, descriptions of the form and function of the works, lesson plans, class activities, map, bibliography, and glossary. -- Publisher's notice
Publications include a variety of illustrations and descriptions of selected works of art, historical and cultural background, classroom applications in the form of lesson plans and activities, and other useful material. Each publication in this series represents just one part of a packaged set that also includes slides, additional activity components, and a CD-ROM.
The publication of this resource for educators is made possible by Mr. and Mrs. Marvin H. Schein.
To purchase a complete set, order by phone _PHONE_ or visit The Met Store. One complimentary copy of each resource is available to every New York City public school upon request. Please call _PHONE_ or email _EMAIL_. Copies will be available as soon as the resource kit is in stock.


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ABEL: An interactive tool for probabilistic argumentative reasoning. Most formal approaches to argumentative reasoning under uncertainty focus on the analysis of qualitative aspects. An exception is the framework of probabilistic argumentation systems. Its philosophy is to include both qualitative and quantitative aspects through a simple way of combining logic and probability theory. Probabilities are used to weigh arguments for and against particular hypotheses. ABEL is a language that allows to describe probabilistic argumentation systems and corresponding queries about hypotheses. It then returns arguments and counter-arguments with corresponding numerical weights.
Keywords for this software
References in zbMATH (referenced in 2 articles, 1 standard article )
Showing results 1 to 2 of 2.
- Monney, Paul-André; Chan, Moses; Romberg, Paul: A belief function classifier based on information provided by noisy and dependent features (2011)
- Haenni, Rolf; Lehmann, Norbert: ABEL: An interactive tool for probabilistic argumentative reasoning (2003)


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How many amino acids exist in the biosphere?
Asked by Topperlearning User | 17th Jul, 2014, 04:18: PM
20 amino acids exist in the biosphere.
Answered by | 17th Jul, 2014, 06:18: PM
- What are proteins?
- Give any two examples of amino acids.
- Define a homopolymer.
- Name the most abundant protein found in the animal world.
- Expand the term RuBisCO.
- Name the protein which is most abundantly found in the biosphere.
- When is a protein structure called a tertiary structure?
- Identify the following: Protein which enables glucose to transport into cells Intercellular ground substance
- State the functions of proteins.
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Vanguard School Junior High Curriculum Summaries
Critical Thinking Strand
Integrated into our junior high curricula is an emphasis on critical thinking. Students in 7th and 8th-grade build upon the facts and skills they have mastered in elementary school and further develop their analytical thinking skills across the curriculum by direct instruction of critical thinking concepts and by applying these concepts as they solve problems and engage in primary source readings.
Direct Instruction Methodology
One of the underlying assumptions of Direct Instruction is that all children can be taught, regardless of past history. By design, Direct Instruction applies purposeful instructional planning to give students extensive support as they practice and apply newly learned concepts and skills. Presentation has a lot to do with how effectively students learn. Teachers use quick pacing and group responses to keep all students engaged and implement planned correction procedures to prevent errors from becoming learned habits.


Quick Answer: Why Is P Hat An Unbiased Estimator?
Is P hat the point estimate?
Definition 1.1 A single value (or point) used to approximate a population parameter.
The sample proportion p is the best point estimate of the population proportion p.
Importance of proper sampling..
What is the mean of the P̂ distribution P̂?
Mean of the sampling distribution of p̂ 𝛍 sub p̂ = 𝘱 Mean of the sampling distribution is equal to the true value of the parameter being estimated. The statistic used to estimate a parameter is unbiased. Therefore, sample proportion p̂ is an unbiased estimator of 𝘱
What are unbiased words?
Writers who use unbiased language write in ways that are free from gender and group stereotypes, including race, age, ethnicity, ability level, socioeconomic status, or sexual orientation. By using unbiased language, writers can avoid using offensive language and include all readers.
Why do we use 95 confidence interval?
A 95% confidence interval is a range of values that you can be 95% certain contains the true mean of the population. … With large samples, you know that mean with much more precision than you do with a small sample, so the confidence interval is quite narrow when computed from a large sample.
What does P hat represent?
p hat is the ratio of occurrences in a random sample. Assuming that we took a random sample of 200 people out of a population of 1000. If we have to find the fraction of the number of occurrences of green, then it will be p hat. So we can say that p hat is the ratio of a predefined sample.
Is sample mean unbiased estimator?
The sample mean is a random variable that is an estimator of the population mean. The expected value of the sample mean is equal to the population mean µ. Therefore, the sample mean is an unbiased estimator of the population mean. … A numerical estimate of the population mean can be calculated.
Does biased mean fair or unfair?
English Language Learners Definition of biased : having or showing a bias : having or showing an unfair tendency to believe that some people, ideas, etc., are better than others.
What does N mean in stats?
Population Mean The symbol 'N' represents the total number of individuals or cases in the population.
What is Q hat in statistics?
q hat, the hat symbol above the q means "estimate of" r. Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient. SD. standard deviation (of a sample, ) – a measure of variability around the mean – Greek lower case sigma (σ) is used for population standard deviation.
How do you find P Hat value?
Calculating P-hat To do it, you need two numbers. One is the sample size (n) and the other is the number of occurrences of the event or parameter in question (X). The equation for p-hat is p-hat = X/n. In words: You find p-hat by dividing the number of occurrences of the desired event by the sample size.
Why is n1 unbiased?
The reason n-1 is used is because that is the number of degrees of freedom in the sample. The sum of each value in a sample minus the mean must equal 0, so if you know what all the values except one are, you can calculate the value of the final one.
What does unbiased mean?
free from bias1 : free from bias especially : free from all prejudice and favoritism : eminently fair an unbiased opinion. 2 : having an expected value equal to a population parameter being estimated an unbiased estimate of the population mean.
What are the 3 types of bias?
Three types of bias can be distinguished: information bias, selection bias, and confounding. These three types of bias and their potential solutions are discussed using various examples.
What is Q population proportion?
The sample proportions p′ and q′ are calculated from the data: p′ is the estimated proportion of successes, and q′ is the estimated proportion of failures. The confidence interval can be used only if the number of successes np′ and the number of failures nq′ are both greater than five.
What does unbiased estimator mean?
What is an Unbiased Estimator? An unbiased estimator is an accurate statistic that's used to approximate a population parameter. … That's just saying if the estimator (i.e. the sample mean) equals the parameter (i.e. the population mean), then it's an unbiased estimator.
How do you find an unbiased estimator?
A statistic d is called an unbiased estimator for a function of the parameter g(θ) provided that for every choice of θ, Eθd(X) = g(θ). Any estimator that not unbiased is called biased. The bias is the difference bd(θ) = Eθd(X) − g(θ). We can assess the quality of an estimator by computing its mean square error.
What does a proportion mean?
1 : harmonious relation of parts to each other or to the whole : balance, symmetry. 2a : proper or equal share each did her proportion of the work. b : quota, percentage. 3 : the relation of one part to another or to the whole with respect to magnitude, quantity, or degree : ratio.


who |
 awk '{ print $1 }' | # isolate user names
 pick | # select user names
 Mail -s 'Promote these people!' boss
In this program, the user selects a filename to be deleted. The outer loop is used to refresh the list, so the file deleted on the previous iteration gets removed from the next menu. The outer loop is labeled (as OUTER), so that the inner loop can refer to it when necessary.
 use Shell::POSIX::Select (
 '$Eof', # for ^D detection
 prompt=>'Choose file for deletion:'
 ) ;
 while ( _USER_=<*.py> ) { # collect serpentine files
 select ( _USER_ ) { # prompt for deletions
 print STDERR "Really delete $_? [y/n]: " ;
 my $answer = ; # ^D sets $Eof below
 defined $answer or last OUTER ; # exit on ^D
 $answer eq "y\n" and unlink and last ;
 $Eof and last;
This example shows the benefit of importing $Eof, so the outer loop can be exited when the user supplies ^D to the inner one.
Here's how it works. If the rename succeeds in the inner loop, execution of last breaks out of the select loop; $Eof will then be evaluated as FALSE, and the while loop will start a new select loop, with a (depleted) filename menu. But if the user presses ^D to the menu prompt, $Eof will test as TRUE, triggering the exit from the while loop.
 use Shell::POSIX::Select (
 '$Eof',
 prompt => 'Enter number (^D to exit):'
 style => 'Korn' # for automatic prompting
 # Rename selected files from current dir to lowercase
 while ( _USER_=<*[A-Z]*> ) { # refreshes select's menu
 select ( _USER_ ) { # skip fully lower-case names
 if (rename $_, "\L$_") {
 last ;
 else {
 warn "$0: rename failed for $_: $!\n";
 $Eof and last ; # Handle ^D to menu prompt
 1) Abe.memo 2) Zeke.memo
 Enter number (^D to exit): 1
 1) Zeke.memo
 Enter number (^D to exit): ^D
This program sets a custom prompt and heading for each of its two loops, and shows the use of a label on the outer loop.
 use Shell::POSIX::Select qw($Prompt $Heading);
 $Heading="\n\nQuantity Menu:";
 $Prompt="Choose Quantity:";
 select my $quantity (1..4) {
 $Heading="\nSize Menu:" ;
 $Prompt='Choose Size:' ;
 select my $size ( qw (L XL) ) {
 print "You chose $quantity units of size $size\n" ;
 last OUTER ; # Order is complete
 Quantity Menu:
 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 Choose Quantity: 4
 Size Menu:
 1) L 2) XL
 Choose Size: ^D (changed my mind about the quantity)
 Quantity Menu:
 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
 Choose Quantity: 2
 Size Menu:
 1) L 2) XL
 Choose Size: 2
 You chose 2 units of size XL
This program shows how you can implement a "record browser", that builds a menu from the designated field of each record, and then shows the record associated with the selected field.
To use a familiar example, we'll browse the UNIX password file by user-name.
 use Shell::POSIX::Select ( style => 'Korn' );
 if (_USER_!= 2 and _USER_!= 3) {
 die "Usage: $0 fieldnum filename [delimiter]" ;
 # Could also use Getopt:* module for option parsing
 ( $field, $file, $delim) = _USER_ ;
 if (! defined $delim ) {
 $delim='[\040\t]+' # SP/TAB sequences
 $field-- ; # 2->1, 1->0, etc., for 0-based indexing
 foreach ( 'cat "$file"' ) {
 # field is the key in the hash, value is entire record
 $f2r{ (split /$delim/, $_)[ $field ] } = $_ ;
 # Show specified fields in menu, and display associated records
 select $record ( sort keys %f2r ) {
 print "$f2r{$record}\n" ;
 browsrec.plx '1' /etc/passwd ':'
 1) at 2) bin 3) contix 4) daemon 5) ftp 6) games
 7) lp 8) mail 9) man 10) named 11) news 12) nobody
 13) pop 14) postfix 15) root 16) spug 17) sshd 18) tim
 Enter number of choice: 18
 tim:x:213:100:Tim Maher:/home/tim:/bin/bash
 Enter number of choice: ^D
This program shows a prototype for a menu-oriented front end to a UNIX command, that prompts the user for command-option choices, assembles the requested command, and then runs it.
It employs the user's numeric choice, stored in the $Reply variable, to extract from an array the command option associated with each option description.
 use Shell::POSIX::Select qw($Heading $Prompt $Eof) ;
 # following avoids used-only once warning
 my ($type, $format) ;
 # Would be more Perlish to associate choices with options
 # via a Hash, but this approach demonstrates $Reply variable
 _USER_ = ('regular', 'long' ) ;
 _USER_ = ( '', '-l' ) ;
 _USER_ = ( 'only non-hidden', 'all files' ) ;
 _USER_ = ( '', '-a', ) ;
 print "** LS-Command Composer **\n\n" ;
 $Heading="\n**** Style Menu ****" ;
 $Prompt= "Choose listing style:" ;
 select $format ( _USER_ ) {
 $user_format=$fmt_opt[ $Reply - 1 ] ;
 $Heading="\n**** File Menu ****" ;
 $Prompt="Choose files to list:" ;
 select $type ( _USER_ ) { # ^D restarts OUTER
 $user_type=$typ_opt[ $Reply - 1 ] ;
 last OUTER ; # leave loops once final choice obtained
 $Eof and exit ; # handle ^D to OUTER
 # Now construct user's command
 $command="ls $user_format $user_type" ;
 # Show command, for educational value
 warn "\nPress to execute \"$command\"\n" ;
 # Now wait for input, then run command
 defined <> or print "\n" and exit ;
 system $command ; # finally, run the command
 ** LS-Command Composer **
 1) regular 2) long
 Choose listing format: 2
 1) only non-hidden 2) all files
 Choose files to list: 2
 Press to execute "ls -l -a"
 total 13439
 -rw-r--r-- 1 yumpy gurus 1083 Feb 4 15:41 README
 -rw-rw-r-- 6 yumpy gurus 277 Dec 17 14:36.exrc.mmkeys
 -rw-rw-r-- 7 yumpy gurus 285 Jan 16 18:45.exrc.podkeys
UNIX Orientation
I've been a UNIX programmer since 1976, and a Linux proponent since 1992, so it's most natural for me to program for those platforms. Accordingly, this early release has some minor features that are only allowed, or perhaps only entirely functional, on UNIX-like systems. I'm open to suggestions on how to implement some of these features in a more portable manner.
Some of the programming examples are also UNIX oriented, but it should be easy enough for those specializing on other platforms to make the necessary adapations. 8-}
Terminal Display Modes
These have been tested under UNIX/Linux, and work as expected, using tput. When time permits, I'll convert to a portable implementation that will support other OSs.
Incorrect Line Numbers in Warnings
Because this module inserts new source code into your program, Perl messages that reference line numbers will refer to a different source file than you wrote. For this reason, only messages referring to lines before the first select loop in your program will be correct.
If you're on a UNIX-like system, by enabling the debugging and logging options (see "Debug" and "Logging"), you can get an on-screen report of the proper offset to apply to interpret the line numbers of the source code that gets dumped to the /tmp/SELECT_source file. Of course, if everything works correctly, you'll have


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In 1875 Saint Mary's Academy was established by the Holy Cross Sisters as a boarding and day school for young ladies in Salt Lake City. The original adobe cottage was situated on First West and between First and Second South, roughly on the site of the present day Salt Palace.
Although Salt Lake City had only eight to ten Catholic families in total, by the end of the first school year in 1876, there were 100 day pupils and 25 boarders. Students, both Catholic and non-Catholic were arriving from all over the Frontier. Apart from Utah, they often came from Idaho, Montana, Wyoming and Nevada.
The Holy Cross Sisters had a "Programme of Studies for Academies and Select Schools" which became a pattern of education for all community academies, including the one in Salt Lake City. The program in general consisted of 3 primary classes, 3 preparatory classes and 4 academic classes. The academy represented a no-frills curriculum emphasizing the arts, languages and humanities, very similar to Catholic schools curricula even today. The sisters taught piano, zither, organ, guitar, banjo, harp, mandolin, flute, cello and violin as part of their musical education. Saint Mary's Academy had its own orchestra as well. The academy offered the following subjects in the art department: drawing; oil painting and water colors; plain sewing and ornamental needlework; china and mirror painting; portrait drawing in crayon; sketching scenes in pastel; and the making of an elegant English lace known as Honiton.
At the end of every school year exhibition days or commencement programs were held for parents and visitors, during which the students demonstrated their newly developed skills and knowledge. Programs included musical numbers from operas and other musical works. The students also demonstrated their level of literacy in literature and philosophy by reading literary works such as poems, drama excerpts or even their own essays. At times these presentations were given in foreign languages. During this occasion gold medals were awarded to the best students in Christian doctrine, penmanship, studies, drawing, painting, vocal and instrumental music, plain sewing and ornamental needlework. Apart from the series of presentations, student works of art such as needle work, paintings, maps and class work of papers in mathematics, history, grammar, languages and bookkeeping were exhibited.
In 1898 Mother Lucretia introduced the annual May procession, which was held on the last day of May. The Children of Mary carried banners and sang hymns, as they passed in procession through the academy grounds to an outdoor shrine, where the Sodality president crowned the "Lady Queen of the May".
Seeing the example of commitment shown by the Sisters, some of the students later joined the Holy Cross Congregation. Louise Heffernan was among the first graduates. She was the daughter of Brigadier General Heffernancommander at Fort Douglas. Louise became the first postulant to enter the novitiate from the West. She received her holy habit in 1878 and made her profession in 1881. Louise Heffernan, later known as Sister M. Rita completed her graduate studies at Harvard University and became the head of the English department at Saint Mary's Academy in Notre Dame, Indiana.
Saint Mary's Academy was the first female Academy in the Western region run by the Holy Cross Sisters. The Academy was most attractive to those students that aspired to a liberal education of the highest quality, an education that would "best qualify them for active participation in the affairs of every-day life, to embellish their characters with the refinement of art, and above all make them noble, God-fearing women."
Because of the growing numbers of students a decision was made to purchase a new home for the academy. In 1923 the Holy Cross Sisters purchased a building from the Country Club on the Thirteenth South and Thirtieth East Street in Salt Lake City.
The new St. Mary of the Wasatch, under the direction of Sister Madeleva Wolff CSC was opened in 1926. This school had, beside the high school program, a full liberal arts college program and a pre-nursing program taught in cooperation with the Holy Cross Hospital. Student enrollment began to decline in the late 1940s and it was decided to close St. Mary of the Wasatch in 1970. Neither the Sisters nor the diocese had the resource to provide the major renovations the facilities required. In 1972 the building was sold. The memory of the school still carries on in the hearts of its students.
Andrea Ventilla is a doctoral student in the History of Education at the University of Pecs, Hungary.


text:
Use posters like these to teach students how to be respectful, kind, caring, responsible, honest, and safe. We customized these poster with your school mascot and to match your PBIS program or your character trait education program. Each features your school mascot as the role model, demonstrating the desired behavior.
Teach students to respect teachers, police and other authority figures like bus drivers, crossing guards and firefighters with our Be Respectful posters.
Teach students how to be kind, caring and a leader with our "be-themed" posters.
Teach students the importance of being organized, loyal and persistent with these posters. Each poster features your school mascot demonstrating the targeted behavior or character trait.
Be safe. Be responsible. Be honest. Teach students these valuable lessons and create a school climate around the principles of your PBIS or character trait education program.
Be helpful. Be Tolerant. Be a team player, or good sport are the messages of these posters. Teach tolerance, diversity and anti-bullying with a strong visual message that kids readily embrace and take to heart.


Researchers create a functional salivary gland organoid
Credit: CC0 Public Domain
A research group led by scientists from Showa University and the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Japan have, for the first time, succeeded in growing three-dimensional salivary gland tissue that, when implanted into mice, produces saliva like normal glands.
When patients lose some organ function due to disease or injury, it would be ideal to regrow the lost organ. But this is difficult—organogenesis is a complex and tightly regulated process that involves special stem that are fated to become specific tissues. However, with the exception of some organs such as hair follicles, those precursor cells are only present during early development.
The alternative is to use or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells—which have the ability to transform into many types of cell to create what is called an organoid—a simplified three-dimensional that resembles the structure of a real organ. Growing functional organoids in the laboratory would enable patients with failing organs to recover at least some of the functions that the original organs had.
For the present study, published in Nature Communications, the researchers, led by Professor Kenji Mishima of Showa University and Takashi Tsuji of RIKEN BDR, took on the challenge of recreating salivary tissue. Salivary glands are important for digesting starch and for facilitating swallowing, but can be damaged by an autoimmune condition known as Sjogren's syndrome or by radiation therapy for cancer.
These glands develop from an early structure called the oral ectoderm, but the actual process is not fully understood. It is known that organ development takes place through a complex process of chemical signaling and changes in gene expression, so the scientists began to unravel what the important changes were. They identified two transcription factors—Sox9 and Foxc1-as being key to the differentiation of stem cells into salivary gland tissue, and also identified a pair of signaling chemicals—FGF7 and FGF10-which induced cells expressing those transcription factors to differentiate into tissue.
They then took on the challenge of creating an organoid. First, they used a cocktail of chemicals that allowed the formation of the oral ectoderm. They used this cocktail to induce the embryonic to form the ectoderm, and then used viral vectors to get the cells to express both Sox9 and Foxc1. Adding the two chemicals to the mix induced the cells to form tissue that genetic analysis revealed was very similar to actual developing salivary glands in the embryo.
The final step was to see if the organoid would actually function in a real animal. They implanted the organoids into actual mice without saliva glands and tested them by feeding them citric acid. When the organoids were transplanted along with mesenchymal tissue—another embryonic tissue that is important as it forms the connecting tissue that allows the glands to attach to other tissues—the implanted tissues were found to be properly connected to the nerve tissue, and in response to the stimulation secreted a substance that was remarkably similar to real saliva.
According to Kenji Mishima of Showa University, whose lab conducted the mouse experiments, "It was incredibly exciting to see that the tissues we created actually functioned in a living animal. This is an important proof of concept that organoids are a valid alternative to actual organs."
According to Takashi Tsuji of the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, who has worked on a variety of tissues such as hair and skin, "We continue to work to develop functional tissues to replace the functions of various organs, and we hope that these experiments will soon find their way into the clinic and help patients suffering from a variety of disorders."
Explore further
Growing skin in the lab
More information: Junichi Tanaka et al, Generation of orthotopically functional salivary gland from embryonic stem cells, Nature Communications (2018). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06469-7
Journal information: Nature Communications
Provided by RIKEN
Citation: Researchers create a functional salivary gland organoid (2018, October 11) retrieved 24 June 2021 from _URL_
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Key Distillation Process on Quantum Cryptography Protocols in Network Security
Source: International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering (IJARCSSE)
Quantum cryptography is an effort to allow two users of a common communication channel to create a body of shared and secret information. This information, which generally takes the form of a random string of bits, can then be used as a conventional secret key for secure communication. It is useful to assume that the communicating parties initially share a small amount of secret information, which is used up and then renewed in the exchange process, but even without this assumption exchanges are possible. The recent applications of the principles of quantum mechanics to cryptography have led to remarkable new dimension in secret communication.


text:
Aishah – 3 Sequoia
Aishah has received this award for demonstrating excellent enthusiasm in all of her science lessons. She is very inquisitive and showcases her investigative skills with a strong passion. Aishah is an excellent scientific role model to all children in the class! This term she has developed a great understanding of different rocks and their uses. During observation lessons, Aishah has ensured she uses scientific vocabulary to describe properties in detail. She can also record her observations using a table to organise her data and make sensible scientific conclusions from this. Well done for all your hard work in Science this term and continue to be a super scientific explorer!


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Anticipated climate changes will impact Maryland in a number of ways. Potential impacts include higher temperatures, increased flooding, shifting precipitation patterns, increased runoff, more dry periods and droughts, rising sea levels, more frequent and more intense storms, changes in water demand, and deteriorated water quality.
Water utilities need to assess the potential vulnerability of their systems to climate change to determine measures to mitigate or avoid the impacts from climate change. These measures are referred to as "adaptation" measures or strategies. Adaptation measures are needed for water systems to continue to meet both water quantity and water quality requirements now and in the future, and to protect their infrastructure from physical damage.
For More InformationFor more information, contact the Water Supply Program at _PHONE_ or _EMAIL_
1800 Washington Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21230


Making of a 360 Surgical Training Experience. Ten things you should know!
When you are learning surgery through observation, it is not just about learning the steps. It is about learning the whole experience of what goes in and around the operative area.
Surgery is a symphony of so many acts in synchrony. The surgeon, the anesthesiologist, the scrub nurse, the imaging assistant, the different devices around and of course, in the centre of everything, the patient.
Such an experience is hardly captured when we witness a video of the closeup of the surgical area.
With this thought in mind, we got the opportunity to create a few 360 learning experiences. The first was about an advanced cardiac procedure by shooting it with a 360 camera Insta Pro. What came out was a great experience which was taken by cardiologists globally. This experience not only took the cardiologists to a cath lab but also gave them graphical information about the procedure steps one after the other.
Dr Pushkar
Creating such educational experience is a highly specialized procedure. It is not as straightforward as just placing the 360 camera and capturing the content. We had some good learning from such projects, which I would like to share here.
 1. A detailed recce of the operation theatre environment is needed before the actual shoot. The exact camera position needs to be finalized so that it does not interfere with the surgery in progress and at the same time does not compromise on the view of the surgical area.
 2. The lighting of the OT is important. The ambient light and the overhead lights on the surgical field can conflict with each other to produce a sharp contrast and may disturb your output. The same goes with any bright light from the widows if any.
 3. A good orientation of the surgeon in charge is very important. The surgeon needs to be mindful of the fact that unlike in a 2D camera shoot, everything in the environment is being captured. Hence, everyone in the operating room must be aware when a capture is in progress. The entire surgical team must be oriented about the shoot. Only the needed personnel should ideally be present in the OR. Else, the viewer may have a disturbed experience due to the crowd in the environment.
 4. The director of the shoot should be aware of the steps of the surgery and what is important. The director must know when to tell the camera person to start and stop capture. The 360 high resolution cameras like the Insta Pro get heated up and go on a standby after every 10 to 20 minutes of active capture. Hence, it becomes even more important to pace the capture with respect to the important elements of the surgery.
 5. The surgeon should be given a wireless microphone for live recording of the steps. The surgeon should be guided how to prompt the director about the exact step being performed.
 6. A separate scripted voice over must be recorded for the final output and it is not advisable to use the live conversation during the shoot as the voice over.
 7. While editing the stitched output, a low-resolution version of the outputs is to be used as proxy, which are later to be replaced by the expected resolution after the final edit is done.
 8. While overlaying any graphical elements over the 360 footage, the resolution and position of the graphic elements should be tested well. Else, the attention of the user may be diverted.
 9. The user experience should be meticulously designed so that the viewer does not miss out on important elements in the surgery due to distractions in the environment.
 10. The surgical learning experience should not exceed 15 minutes. Else. there is a risk of the VR device being heated up and a break in the experience flow.
Creation of such surgical 360 experiences is gaining momentum. There is a need to give an actual on-field experience to the surgeons, medical students and all the stakeholders who are involved in understanding the latest advances in the surgical solutions, which can be provided with this immersive and portable experience.
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Course Intro and Overview
Azure Active Directory Authentication
Access within the Database
The course is part of this learning path
Authentication and access control are two crucial factors in securing databases and their servers. One, authentication, controls who can access the data resource, and in what capacity, while the other, access control, specifies what a user can do once they have been authenticated.
Historically, authentication and access have been managed entirely by SQL Server, but Azure has enabled integrated password and multi-factor authentication courtesy of Azure Active Directory, along with built-in SQL DB roles.
This course looks at various ways to integrate Azure SQL with Azure Active Directory and how to best manage user privileges once logged into the database.
If you have any feedback relating to this course, please contact us at _EMAIL_.
- Get a basic understanding of the history and context of SQL authentication
- Understand how to to use Azure Active Directory to authenticate users with a SQL database
- Learn how to use database roles to customize access
- Understand the principle of least privilege and how to apply it
- Learn how to fine-tune access to database objects
This course is intended for database administrators using Azure, or anyone who wants to understand more about using Azure Active Directory to authenticate a user to access a database.
To get the most out of this course, you should have a basic understanding of databases and the Azure platform.
In terms of connecting to an Azure database, Azure Active Directory adds several options to long-established SQL Server and Windows Integration methods. Just to recap, SQL Server or Mixed Mode is authenticating with a login that has been set up within the Azure SQL server or the SQL or Managed Instance, or a user contained within a database on the server instance.
Windows Integration mode is authenticating with a verified Windows domain user. That domain can be a single Windows computer of an Active Directory. The authentication can be through an SQL client application like SQL Server Management Studio or via an application using a connection string.
In the SQL Server authentication example, the connection is being made to a database hosted on Azure, so nothing has changed from connecting to an on-premise SQL server, no matter if you're connecting to a PaaS database, a managed instance, or an instance running on a VM.
To achieve the Azure AD Integration, there are 3 additional methods for authenticating. Universal with multi factor authentication implements a 2 step authentication, meaning the user is sent a confirmation request through another channel like email, an SMS message, or an authentication app.
Password is similar to SQL Server password from a user's perspective, in that they are entering a password, but their login name will be their Azure Active Directory login. Integrated is pretty much the same as Windows integrated, in that the user has already authenticated with Azure Active Directory, so their credentials have been verified.
Let's now see how to implement Azure Active Directory authentication with an Azure SQL server and database.
Hallam is a software architect with over 20 years experience across a wide range of industries. He began his software career as a Delphi/Interbase disciple but changed his allegiance to Microsoft with its deep and broad ecosystem. While Hallam has designed and crafted custom software utilizing web, mobile and desktop technologies, good quality reliable data is the key to a successful solution. The challenge of quickly turning data into useful information for digestion by humans and machines has led Hallam to specialize in database design and process automation. Showing customers how leverage new technology to change and improve their business processes is one of the key drivers keeping Hallam coming back to the keyboard.


Monday, January 18, 2010
Eye Health: How Fast can You Switch Focus?
Our eyes are moved by a set of 6 muscles. Intriguingly, we rarely work these muscles with any of the attention we give to our other more obvious prime movers like hips or arms; how we work them is usually only in a very restricted range of motion and action. And like any other tissues in the body, use 'em or lose 'em.
There are huge benefits from actually practicing eye movement, speed of focal accommodation being one of them. How quickly can we shift from where we're looking now to refocus where the next target is?
Tech Tip of the day: Near Far Eye Drills. The idea of this simple drill is to work the muscles of the eye that help focus. The drill is taught as part of a suite of eye health movement drills in z-health (what's that?) on both the Neural Warm Up I and the S-Phase Complete Athlete, Volume 1 DVDs (reviewed here).
In the following excerpt from the S-Phase DVD, Master Z-Health Trainer and Sr RKC Sara Cheatham demos how the drill works: one hand far, one hand near; switch focus between hands as quickly as possible for reps; switch hands.
The goal of the drill is not just to move our eyes from the near hand to the far hand, but to move our eyes to the other object and FOCUS on that object, so it's important to make sure that our hands are set at distances relative to our eyes that will require that re-focus/acquisition. By practicing this simple drill, we can improve the speed of acquisition. We likewise help keep our eye muscles in better responsive physical shape.
Start off with this drill slowly: when we're not used to working our eyes, we can get a headache pretty quickly. Also watch for signs of stress: shoulders hunching up, face getting tight. A few deep breaths in through the nose, out slowly through pursed lips, and we're likely good to go again.
The benefits are huge in a sport context of speedy target acquisition, but in regular life, practicing responsiveness can be a life saver, too. The eyes are our primary sensory system - before vestibular, before proprioception. The more quickly we can detect something with practiced efficiency, the less stress in an actual event, the more skill brought to the action requiring a response.
Another quick tip? Try using your eyes to see something before turning your head - but again, go slowly. This can be fatiguing quickly when unaccustomed to the motion. Eye rather than head movement has lots of neurological benefits too, described in this post on the arthrokinetic reflex. Doing so also simply works the muscles of the eye in a more complete range of motion, enhancing perfipheral view.
More Eye Work for more kinds of Performance Strength. There are many other drills that can be practiced with the eyes that have a range of benefits including amazingly strength and cognition. Many of these eye drills, based in sports vision and behavioural optometry, are on the Nerual Warm Up 1 and 2, the S-Phase Video, and many are taught at the Elite Performance Workshop. More focal accomodation drills are on the NWU vids; more of the cognition/performance drills are on S-phase. Many can be practiced seated at a desk with just your hands or with a pencil, so they're easy to do anywhere. The point is to know 'em, love 'em and do them.
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Kris said...
My Z health instructor, Jon Barber, did the eye and coordination tests on me quite a while back.
They were really interesting, and I tested quite well on them surprisingly. He was impressed that someone who sits at a desk all day and doesn't play any sports got such good numbers.
I don't know why I tested so well, but I'm glad! I do try and do some eye exercises at work because staring at screen isn't good for them!
Unknown said...
May I just make a distinction between the extenal muscles that move the orbit and help direct the eye to the most favourable point to pass light to the fovea, (the area of the macula which has the highest resolution), and the internal ciliary muscles that actually change the shape of the lens and are the muscles provide the focus for the image.
Once over 40-45 years of age the lens hardens to the point that the ciliary muscles cannot change the shape easily, if at all.
Nonetheless, I wonder if doing these exercises early enough will slow down the process in later years? Any research to that effect?
I shall give them a try anyway to see if I can make any objective difference to my aging eyes.
dr. m.c. said...
Andrew, thanks for the notes, and you make great points.
I don't know about age/lens hardening. I'd be inclined to check with an optometrist/opthomologist who is also a vision behaviouralist
When i asked such a doc about folks going "off warranty" (over 40) her view was that yes one could work on improving distance vision after this, but that it may have side effects like now increasing the need for glasses when reading.
THere are also loads of other vision drills such as peripheral vision work, tempo work, convergence, and so on that have ongoing cognitive benefits that you might find interesting. There are some good "sports vision" books that go through these.
Hope that helps and thanks for the question.
all the best,
Unknown said...
Thanks, Mc,
I do agree about the general drills and specifically the one about convergence. I think this is where most people have an issues. Many thanks for the update.
Where the lens stiffening/hardening thing starts to bite is in near vision, (age-related presbyopia), and results in peering over the reading glasses and the difficulty of seeing clearly 'anywhere within arms reach'. Dammit, I have to get 'young people' to read me stuff in supermarkets now!
Sadly we almost all get there eventually. Among my immediate close friends, most of us now need reading specs, but there are two who just dont! (about 10%)
Best wishes
Andrew Bellamy
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Michael Jordan won six NBA championship rings as part of the Chicago Bulls team. As good as he was, he couldn't have achieved such a feat without the likes of Phil Jackson, Scottie Pippen, John Paxson and all the other quality players that played alongside him. There was another key that gets a little shine in The Last Dance documentary: The system.
The Triangle Offense
The Chicago Bulls used a system for playing the game called the Triangle Offense. Without boring you on the ins and outs of this intricate system, it involved the players working in groups of three to form a triangle and required constant movement, crisp passing and numerous options. What happened on the court through the system was a result of the player's decisions as opposed to other teams who had pre-determined set plays and strategies. The system – although rigorous – moulds to the strengths of the players and the system works best with players who had a high game IQ. The players follow the framework of the system and fundamental principles, however, there is an infinite number of potential actions that can emerge as a result of what is happening at the moment and what the strengths of the situation are.
Michael won six rings playing this system and Phil Jackson – the coach – won even more using it. The system works. How can we use this system in schools?
Tie It Back To Behaviour Please
I'm not suggesting for a second that we start lining up children in triangles to start promoting positive behaviour. There are definite learnings, however, to take from this hugely successful system at guiding a group successfully to the desired goal.
If the system they had used was too rigid and inflexible, players would not have been able to abide by for all 82 NBA regular-season games. It just can't be done. People have personalities and they need to shine through. They need to be allowed to express themselves from time to time.
If the Chicago Bulls system was set on pre-determined strategies, there would have been some success but this is always limited. Eventually, opposing teams start to work out your strategies and counteract them successfully. Alternatively, the strategies don't suit the strengths of your players so never can be executed with precision.
Think of the classroom as your very own Chicago Bulls team. Think of the characters in the room that need to express themselves. I believe that if I use the predetermined teaching styles and behaviour strategies that I use every year, I will have the same level of success as a predetermined basketball system if I am not considering the class I have in front of: limited.
I wrote previously about the possibility of labelling our children with ADHD, ODD and ADD being counter-productive. Part of the reason is this kind of labelling leans teachers towards using predetermined strategies guided by a diagnosis as opposed to the child's strengths and personality. If they are successful, great. If they are not, however, the teacher is left scratching their head or the child is being labelled as extremely difficult.
Now think of a classroom that utilises a triangle-offence style system. There is a clear framework for how the class functions. There are a minimal set of rules aimed at health and safety and basic respect. The children are clear on these rules but understand there is room for expression within them. They can shout out if they are super passionate about something. They can leave their seat without permission if they need to. They have a level of choice as to how they express themselves through their work. They can disagree with the teacher if they have a reason for doing so. Will there be children in some classes who still have social, emotional and behavioural difficulties? Absolutely. In these situations, they would need to be further supported with a more individual framework that has a process, yet is flexible.
A framework like this could be completed in eight steps:
- Define the problem behaviour clearly.
- Look at what solutions have been attempted.
- Look at the exceptional time when they don't behave this way.
- Discuss how you would make the problem worse.
- Discuss how the child would be treated if the problem didn't exist.
- Set a single SMART objective.
- Create an Action Plan.
- Review its success.
A model, such as this one from Winning without Fighting, offers that rigorous framework similar to the triangle offence of the Chicago Bulls. It has clear guidelines, clear rules and an infinite number of potential outcomes. Flexibility, adaptability and using what you see in the moment and the strengths of the individuals you are teaching are huge factors in successful behaviour management.
Don't agree with me? Just look at how Phil Jackson managed Denis Rodman successfully!
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Marcus Lindemann
Marcus Lindemann is an executive producer and journalist from Germany that is responsible for TV reports mainly broadcast on ZDF, Europe's largest TV station.
Since 1998, he has trained journalists to use the Internet, while he has been "online" since before the Internet launched by writing reports via a 2400-baud modem for a local newspaper after he finished school.
He teaches at universities and trains journalists from different departments and media to more efficiently use the Internet. He also trains abroad in Asia and Africa. Lindemann has written manuals and published research for the last decade that explores how to best use the Internet in investigative journalism. He was also a speaker at the 2011 Global Investigative Conference in Kiev, Ukraine where he presented strategies for conducting online research and how to create online profiles for individuals.
Lindemann has a background in TV journalism and political economy. At the age of 17, he began to work for a local newspaper while still in school and ultimately obtained a Master's degree from the UK. He later became involved in television production.
Due to his international involvement and training, Lindemann bridges the gap between what journalists do online everyday and what is feasible if they more effectively use the Internet.
You can find him on Twitter: _USER_.


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This training, part of a national educational campaign aimed at civilian healthcare professionals, will enable these community providers to use their current clinical skills to provide culturally appropriate treatment to service members and their families. Participating attendees will be able to address such issues as:
- The importance of military culture in providing treatment for veterans and their families;
- Understanding behavioral mental health concerns of returning veterans as well as for their families;
- General post-deployment concerns of returning service members;
- Treatment and resources for veterans and their families; and
- Resources for health professionals.
View flyer for details on presenters.
Maine Area Health Education Center


Wing For Business: How Wing Can Help Organize Your Business
In our previous post, 'How Wing Can Help Supply Your Business', we went over how Wing can save companies' valuable time. For example, tasks such as offloading sourcing office supplies, company swag, and food. Ultimately, this allows businesses to focus on their core operations because the jobs listed above are handed off to the AI virtual assistant – Wing. But, is there anything else Wing for Business can do? For example, maybe it could help perform research or help organize your business.
Organizing job applicants/candidates
Onboarding New Hires
Organizing lead generation in a spreadsheet
Beyond simple logistic tasks, Wing can also assist with sales functions. For instance, the beginning of the sales process usually involves hunting for potential customers. Also, you must organize these leads in a way that is easy to peruse and analyze.
Compiling Verification Letters
Lastly, you might run into a bureaucratic task that is low-impact, high priority. This means it brings no added value to your company whatsoever, yet it still necessary to do. For example, employees may have to verify their employment to third parties. This happens for all sorts of reasons, from visas to healthcare problems to signing a loan.
When that happens, you can offload this task to Wing.
Like the problem solved in 'How Wing Can Help Supply Your Business', offloading bureaucratic, and organizational tasks to Wing frees up time for businesses to focus on their core operations. Additionally, sometimes Wing can even help, such as with generating sales leads and entering them into a spreadsheet.
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Q.5 :- Read the following passage and pick out any one of the prudential reasons for power sharing offered in this.
"We need to give more power to the panchayats to realize the dream of Mahatma Gandhi and the hopes of the makers of our Constitution. Panchayati Raj establishes true democracy. It restores power to the only place where power belongs in a democracy in the hands of the people. Giving power to Panchayats is also a way to reduce corruption and increase administrative efficiency. When people participate in the planning and implementation of developmental schemes, they would naturally exercise greater control over these schemes. This would eliminate the corrupt middlemen. Thus, the Panchayati Raj will strengthen the foundations of our democracy."
Power sharing has the following prudential reasons which are cited in the passage-reducing corruption by giving power into the hands of the people and thus, making (hem responsible for their own decisions. This increases the administrative efficiency by delegating the decision making function to the people affected by it and also improving the efficiency of the system by reducing the number of middlemen, as well as transferring the planning and implementation to the people concerned through panchayats.