text:
gan/by Alun Hughes
Alun Hughes, a teacher on many Cymdeithas Madog Welsh language
weeks, is a frequent contributor, especially in the area of how the Welsh language works. In this article, he introduces
a number of useful turns of phrase to help colour the learner's speech.
Nol I Dudalen Gartref Gramadeg
Back To The Grammar Home Page
Don't be put off by the title, which I guess does sound rather dull, for
in reality idioms are anything but dull. Indeed, idioms are fascinating, so read on. Idioms are those peculiarities
of expression or phraseology, full of meaning (yet often meaningless when taken literally and commonly untranslateable
from one language to another), that give a language colour, flexibility and uniqueness. Some English examples will
show what I mean:
He ran as fast as his legs could carry him.
He made an off the cuff remark.
He really put a spanner in the works.
Mastery of idioms is often considered a sign of mastery of a language. Anyone
with a basic knowledge of English can come up with he ran as fast as he could, but it is a different matter
altogether -- and much more expressive -- to say he ran as fast as his legs could carry him. Welsh is no
different from English, and the purpose of this brief article is to introduce some distinctively Welsh idioms (or
as they're called in Welsh, idiomau or priod-ddulliau).
Distinctively Welsh, did I say? Perhaps I should qualify that. Many Welsh
idioms are indeed quite distinctive, but others are similar or even identical to idioms found in other languages.
Consider, for example, three idioms that use the verb berwi, to boil:
- Roedd ei waed y berwi ar ôl clywed y newyddion.
- (His blood was boiling after hearing the news)
- Beth wnaeth i ti ddod? Mae eisiau berwi dy ben.
- (What made you come? You need your head boiled / = read.)
- Roedd y plentyn yn berwi fel cawl pys.
- (The child was boiling like pea soup / = was chattering incessantly.)
The first example is a straight translation of the English (which is not
to say that the English came first!), the second is similar to the English, and the third is quite different. This
provides us with a simple (if not entirely hard and fast) classification for examining idioms in the Welsh language,
so let us begin with some idioms that have exact English counterparts:
- Fe wnaeth Twm lyncu'r abwyd ar unwaith.
- (Twm swallowed the bait immediately.)
- Bu'r taith yn agoriad llygad i'r ferch fach.
- (The journey was an eye-opener for the little girl.)
- Gwisgodd esgidiau ail-law am ei draed.
- (He wore second-hand shoes on his feet.)
- Af i'r dre yn fy amser da fy hun.
- (I'll go to town in my own good time.)
- Roedd y bachgen dan fawd ei dad.
- (The boy was under his father's thumb.)
- Rydw i allan o'm dyfnder yn fy ngwaith.
- (I am out of my depth in my work.)
- Bydd rhaid i ni ladd amser cyn i'r trên ddod.
- (We'll have to kill time before the train comes.)
- Neidiodd o'r badell ffrio i'r tan.
- (He jumped from the frying pan into the fire.)
- Mae hi'n siarad trwy ei het.
- (She is talking through her hat.)
Idioms like these are familiar enough to English speaker, but sometimes
you need to be careful lest you misinterpret them. Take for example the saying ail i ddim. Literally translated
this is second to none, but the correct meaning is next to nothing, as in the sentence, roedd
ganddi ail i ddim ar ôl (She had next to nothing left). Which brings us to the second group, comprising
idioms that are similar to English ones yet have a special Welsh flavour:
- Cymerwch ofal rhag ofn i chi brynu cath mewn cwd.
- (Take care lest you buy a cat in a sack / = pig in a poke.)
- Mae hi'n bwrw hen wragedd a ffyn / cyllyll a ffyrc.
- (It's raining old ladies and sticks / knives and forks / = cats and dogs.)
- Roedden nhw'n dynn fel penwaig yn yr halen.
- (They were tight like herrings in the salt / = sardines in a tin.)
- Mae Ianto ni yn dipyn o aderyn.
- (Our Ianto is a bit of a bird / = bit of a lad.)
- Cannwyll fy llygad oedd fy mab.
- (My son was the candle of my eye / = apple of my eye.)
- Agorais y drws a'm calon yn fy ngwddf.
- (I opened the door with my heart in my throat / = heart in my mouth.)
- Siaradai'r hen wraig pymtheg yn y dwsin bob amser.
- (The old woman always talked fifteen in the dozen / = nineteen to the dozen.)
- Rydw i'n yfed cwrw ond unwaith yn y pedwar amser.
- (I only drink beer once in the four seasons / = once in a blue moon.)
- Roedd y ci cyn farwed â hoelen arch.
- (The dog was as dead as a coffin nail / = as dead as a doornail.)
- Fe godais yn y bore bach.
- (I arose in the little morning / = wee hours.)
Finally, we come to the most fascinating class of all, those idioms that
(so far as I know!) are uniquely Welsh:
- Rhuthrodd ef i'r ty^ ‚'i wynt yn ei ddwrn.
- (He rushed into the house with his breath in his fist / = in a great hurry.)
- Rwy'n barod i roi'r ffidil yn y tô.
- (I'm ready to put the fiddle in the roof / = to give up.)
- Rwy'n teimlo fel tynnu blewyn o'i drwyn.
- (I feel like pulling a hair from his nose / = doing something nasty to him.)
- Mae fy nhad-cu yn rhydiau'r afon.
- (My grandfather's in the fords of the river / = on his death bed.)
- Mi rown fy mhen i'w dorri y byddan nhw'n priodi.
- (I'll give my head for breaking / = I'm absolutely certain / they'll get married.)
- Mae hi'n siarad fel melin bupur.
- (She talks like a pepper mill / = talks non-stop.)
- Rwy'n edrych ymlaen at gynnu tân ar hen aelwyd.
- (I'm looking forward to lighting a fire on an old hearth / = renewing an old love.)
- Mae hi yn llygad ei lle yn ei barn.
- (She is the eye of her place / = totally correct / in her opinion.)
- Roedd y cwbl yn freuddwyd gwrach wrth ei hewyllys.
- (It was all the dream of a witch according to her will / = wishful thinking.)
- Paid â chodi pais ar ôl piso.
- (Don't lift a petticoad after p---ing / = cry over spilt milk; shut the stable door after the horse has
All these idioms -- even the last one -- appear in Llyfr o Idiomau Cymraeg
by R. E. Jones, published by Gwasg John Penry. The same author has also produced a second volume, Ail Lyfr o
Idiomau Cymraeg. Two other very useful collections are: Cymraeg Idiomatig by C. P. Cule, published by
D. Brown a'i Feibion; and Y Geiriau Bach by Cennard Davies, published by Gwasg Gomer. The latter is aimed
specifically at learners, and as the title (The Little Words) hints, groups idioms according to the prepositions
(am, ar, at, dros, gan, etc.) that occur in them.
Part of the richness of any language derives from its idioms. In a world
language like English, new idioms are being created almost daily -- relatively recent examples are: the bottom
line, put on the back burner, and get a handle on. Welsh, like all languages, has a vast store of native idioms,
but the process of idiom creation proceeds much more slowly than in English, and there is a real danger that the
stock of idioms will become progressively depleted (and the language impoverished) as time goes on. The solution?
Learn these expressions, and use them! To quote in translation Thomas Parry's introduction to Llyfr o Idiomau
"I hope that everyone who uses Welsh seriously in speech and in writing will make room for these sayings
in their language, in order to


create multiple schemas without having to create separate users, and can grant permissions for creating objects in those schemas to others.
What are the Oracle to PostgreSQL Schema Migration Tools?
There are a number of migration tools available that can help users automate schema conversion. Below are the tools you can try for free for converting the Oracle objects to PostgreSQL.
 - Ora2pg — a robust migration tool that connects to an Oracle database, extracts schemas and tables and generates SQL scripts that can be loaded into PostgreSQL.
 - Ora_migrator — an extension that uses an oracle_fdw foreign data wrapper to extract data from an Oracle database.
 - Orafce — this extension allows you to implement a number of Oracle functions in PostgreSQL. It also provides support for Oracle date formatting and additional Oracle data types.
 - EDB Migration Portal — a web-based service for migrating from Oracle to EDB Postgres Advanced Server that features Assessment, Schema conversion and Compatibility reporting.
There are in addition a number of commercial conversion tools available, including Amazon's AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT).
Oracle to PostgreSQL Migration Tools Comparison Matrix
The below tools comparison matrix will give you a high-level picture of what they can do and how far they get you in the migration exercise to a specific target.
Oracle to PostgreSQL Migration Tools Comparison Matrix
What are the Schema differences between Oracle and PostgreSQL to pay attention to when migrating?
When preparing for schema conversion, pay special attention to the following differences between Oracle and PostgreSQL.
Columns when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
Until version 12, PostgreSQL did not have any equivalent to virtual columns, so users were encouraged to change these to views when migrating. Now PostgreSQL offers generated columns, which share many traits with Oracle's virtual columns.
Constraints when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
In both database systems the Primary and Foreign Key, Check, Not-Null, and Unique, constraints all operate more or less the same way.
Identifiers when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
Oracle converts names of schema, tables, columns, and functions to uppercase, unless the name is given in quotes, while PostgreSQL converts them to lower case (also unless given in quotes). As long as the application consistently quotes or does not quote the identifiers, you should be safe.
Indexes when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
 - B-tree and descending indexes should function in PostgreSQL
 - Reverse key, bitmap, and join indexes are not currently supported.
 - Global index is not supported in PostgreSQL
Partitions when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
Hash, List, and Range partitions should all work in PostgreSQL following migration.
 - Tables when migrating from Oracle to PostgresSQL
CREATE TABLE is mostly compatible, with the following exceptions:
 - PostgreSQL lacks global temporary tables. Use temporary tables (LOCAL TEMP) instead.
 - Partitioning: Use Inheritance, Triggers, and CHECK Constraints for partition clauses.
 - Storage clause parameters (INITRANS, MAXEXTENTS) are not recognized in Postgres and should be removed.
 - For the Oracle PCTFREE parameter, replace it with PostgreSQL's fillfactor.
Tablespaces when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
There are differences between Oracle and PostgreSQL's versions of tablespaces, but they serve the same purpose and should work.
Data types when migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL
The following chart lists notable differences between Oracle and PostgreSQL data types.
EDB Postgres Advanced Server
Be careful not to confuse 'n' in Oracle and PostgreSQL data types. In Oracle it stands for the size in bytes; in PostgreSQL it stands for the number of characters.
NUMBER(n, m)
NUMBER(n, m)
NUMBER type can be converted to NUMERIC, which is unlimited in size. However, the SMALLINT, INT BIGINT, REAL, and DOUBLE PRECISION data types offer better performance.
If n>=19
In Oracle the DATE type returns both date and time, whereas in PostgreSQL the DATE type returns the date without the time.
Oracle has both TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data types. PostgreSQL's TIMESTAMPTZ is equivalent to TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE. If these are confused it can introduce errors.
PostgreSQL's TEXT type is capable of storing up to 1 GB of text data.
BYTEA(1 GB limit)
Large object
BYTEA(1 GB limit)
Large Object
In Oracle,the BLOB datatype is used for unstructured binary data and essentially has no size limit (up to 128 terabytes of binary data). PostgreSQL's BYTEA data type can store up to 1 GB of binary data. Above that limit use Large Object (these are stored in a separate table).
These are parameters that set the format for how date information is displayed. The default style for PostgreSQL's DateStyle is ISO. Oracle's default is inherited from the NLS_TERRITORY parameter.
What are the challenges while migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL?
In this section, we will discuss some of the challenges we might face while migrating from Oracle to PostgreSQL. To address these challenges and limitations identified in PostgreSQL, those objects should be rewritten manually with a workaround if they exist.
 - #1) Constraints
While Oracle allows users to disable and enable constraints as often as you want, this is not generally recommended practice for any RDBMS, because it can lead to data corruption if not performed with proper care.
In PostgreSQL, constraints are instead created as deferrable, and the SET CONSTRAINTS command can be used to defer them. The deferrable setting indicates the default time for activating the constraint. If the constraint in Oracle is not deferrable, it will need to be dropped and re-created as deferrable, though it is sometimes possible to alter the constraint without having to drop it. Note: to avoid potential errors or bad data, place the commands for dropping and re-creating the constraint in a transaction, marked with a BEGIN/COMMIT block, which will lock the tables during the transaction.
 - #2) DELETE:
The FROM clause for specifying the table is required with DELETE statements in PostgreSQL but not in Oracle.
DELETE mytable WHERE column_name = 'column_amount';
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE column_name = 'column_amount';
 - #3) Dropping database objects
In PostgreSQL, permission to drop objects is restricted to only a database table's owner or a super user. It is not a grantable privilege, although membership in the role that owns the object can be granted. If an action in Oracle depends on this ability, it may need to be rewritten or reconfigured.
 - #4) Dual Table
Because the FROM clause is mandatory in Oracle for every SELECT statement, FROM DUAL is used for SELECT statements where the table name is not necessary. PostgreSQL does not require the FROM clause, so FROM DUAL is not necessary and can usually be omitted. If the Dual table is needed in PostgreSQL, it can be generated as a view.
 - #5) Empty Strings and NULL
In Oracle, empty strings have NULL values, but they are not considered NULL in PostgreSQL.
In Oracle, you can check whether a string is empty or not using the IS NULL operator, but in PostgreSQL, it would return FALSE for an empty string (and TRUE for a NULL one).
 - #6) Federation to Foreign Data Wrappers
Oracle's Federation feature allows users to treat tables from other databases as local data. PostgreSQL's foreign data wrappers are more versatile and allow you to connect to a wider range of data.
 - #7) GRANT
The GRANT command behaves similarly in Oracle and PostgreSQL. There are two basic variants — it can be used to grant privileges on a database object and to grant membership to a role.
Not all privileges that are grantable in Oracle are grantable in PostgreSQL. For example, granting the trigger privilege to a table allows users to create triggers, but as opposed to Oracle only the owner of the table can drop triggers.
 - #8) Hierarchical queries
PostgreSQL does not support the START WITH... CONNECT BY syntax that Oracle uses for hierarchical queries. Instead, PostgreSQL uses WITH RECURSIVE.
 businesses bs
START WITH bs.city_name = 'BOSTON'
CONNECT BY PRIOR bs.business_name = bs.city_name;
WITH RECURSIVE tmp AS (SELECT business_name, city_name
FROM businesses
WHERE city_name = 'BOSTON'
SELECT t.business_name, t.city_name
FROM businesses t
JOIN tmp ON tmp.business_name = t.city_name)
SELECT business_name, city_name FROM tmp;
 - #9) Joins with (+)
Oracle has a special shorthand (+) operator for performing left and right outer joins. PostgreSQL lacks this feature, so the JOIN command would need to be supplied.
SELECT table1.firstname, table2.lastname
 FROM table1, table2
 WHERE table1.customer = table2.customer (+);
SELECT table1.firstname, table2.lastname
 FROM table1
 LEFT OUTER JOIN table2 ON table1.customer = table2.customer;
 - #10) NOT NULL checking
To determine which columns in an Oracle table are NOT NULL, you would use the command CHECK ( IS NOT NULL).
PostgreSQL instead has a NOT NULL constraint column named attnotnull in pg_attribute, the systems catalog where information about table columns is stored.
 - #11) Packages
PostgreSQL does not have packages but using schema architecture, functions and procedures can be grouped. Use the "orafce" migration tool library, which supports some of the standard packages, or EDB Postgres Advanced Server, which has built-in Packages.
 - #12) PL/SQL to PL/pgSQL Conversion
PostgreSQL


text:
Did you maybe mean Carpinus?
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. A small genus of trees or tall shrubs, of the natural order Cupuliferæ. The species have deciduous leaves, like those of the beech, and hard tough wood, and are natives of Europe, the Levant, and North America. The hornbeam of Europe, C. Betulus, and the hornbeam or blue beech of the United States, C. Caroliniana, are small trees with heavy, very hard, and strong wood, which is sometimes used for levers, the handles of tools, cogs, etc.
- n. mostly deciduous monoecious trees or shrubs: hornbeams; sometimes placed in subfamily Carpinaceae
"This memorandum was probably written from recollection long afterward, with an error in the dates, and the species was first entered in the catalogue as follows: "Azad, arbor persica carpinus folio, Persian hornbeam, raised from seed, anno 1747; not in England before."
"Now the American hornbeam can reach for the sky 30 metres or so, which is too big for most, but I'm on the lookout for carpinus turczanowii, which will be between six and 12 metres when mature."
'carpinus' hasn't been added to any lists yet.
Looking for tweets for carpinus.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Rules of the game
PHBA follows the rules of MLB, as modified by Pony Baseball and PHBA for baseball.
PHBA follows the rules of USA Softball as modified by PHBA for softball.
Knowing the rules is one thing. Applying them in the game in the moment is a different thing. Maintaining composure when someone is arguing the call...well, let's just say it is tough.
Over the years, there are some very common rules & game situations that cause angst between coaches & umpires. Here are a few to to understand well, whether you are a coach, umpire or fan.
1. Running lane violation
When the batter runner is advancing to first base he/she is required to run in foul territory. In the event the runner physically or visually interferes with the throw, catch, or the defense, over or in fair territory, the runner will be guilty of interference and called out. In that event, all other runners must return to the last base held.
2. Passing first base
Liability to be put out – A batter runner that runs past first base may turn in either direction to return to first base without liability to be put out. They give up that right if they make an attempt to advance to second base and are tagged with the ball prior to touching first base again. This is the sole judgment of the umpire.
3. Look Back rule
This rule only applies to softball (American, National and Western divisions). When the pitcher controls the ball in the circle all runners off base must choose to advance or retreat "immediately". After a walk the rule is not in effect for until the batter runner reaches first base. After rounding a base, all runners are allowed one "stop" before choosing to advance or retreat. Stopping a second time after choosing a direction is a violation unless the pitcher fakes or makes a throw which releases all runners. After a fake throw all runners must once again immediately choose a direction.
4. Baserunner interference
Base runners must avoid fielders attempting to field a batted ball even if it was touched by the pitcher. The right of the fielder to a batted ball supercedes a baserunner's right to the base path. "Interference is the act of an offensive player that impedes, hinders or confuses a defensive player attempting to execute a play". The interference can be anything from a distraction by running too near the fielder to actual contact. It is strictly the judgment of the umpire as to whether a violation occurred. There does not have to be contact to constitute interference. Running in front of the fielder MAY BE a distraction, and CAN BE an interference violation. When interference is called the runner is out and all other runners must return to the last base held at the time of the pitch.
5. Batter interference
Batters inadvertently interfere with catchers attempted throws, most often to third base, when they back up and out of the batters box and into the catcher's throwing lane. Intentional or not, the batter may be guilty of an interference violation and can be called out if the umpire judges batter interference has happened. A throw need not occur. All runners must return to the base they held at the time of the pitch. Batters should be taught to stand still, as they are entitled to their position in the batter's box provided there is no play at home plate. If however the umpire feels that the batter interfered with the throw by the catcher, the batter is guilty of interference and will be called out. This often happens as a result of being off balance after a swing.
6. Obstruction
No fielder may block the base path without possession of the ball. Catchers are most often at fault by waiting for a throw in the runner's path. Runners have the first right to the path they have chosen when the fielder does not yet possess the ball. Fielders must give base runners access to the plate or any base until such time as they have the ball in their hands and only then do they have a right to be in the runner's chosen path.
Errant Throws - PHBA follows the BASEBALL Rules with respect to errant throws for Bothe Baseball and Softball. An errant (off line) throws that bring the fielder into the path of the runner IS NOT an obstruction violation on the fielder even when they ultimately make the catch and tag the runner. However, In USA SOFTBALL, this MAY BE an obstruction violation on the fielder even when they ultimately make the catch and tag the runner. This is completely the umpire's judgment. It is important to understand this distinction, especially when your player is playing in the softball tournaments during summer and fall where USA Softball rules are enforced.
Defensive obstruction – Typically at first base and home, but possible at all bases, the fielder without possession of the ball is in the way of a runner attempting to "round" the base or run through home plate. Not allowing the base runner to round to the inside corner of the bag when no play is being made at that base or run through home plate at full speed is an obstruction violation on the fielder. After a walk the first baseman, without possession of the ball, may stand near enough to the bag to be interfering with a possible continuation by the runner. Typically runners are forced to step past the bag, instead of touching the inside corner of first base, in order to attempt to go to second base. In the case of home plate the runner is forced to slow down or even to slide. The umpire should signal the obstruction by raising the left arm horizontal to the ground. When signaled by the umpire, the runner cannot be put out between the two bases where they were obstructed. They will be awarded the next base only if, in the umpire's judgment, they would reasonably have made that base. Otherwise the runner must stay at the last base acquired. If the runner continues on and is then put out, and in the opinion of the umpire they would not have been put out had obstruction not occurred at first base, then they may be awarded second, third or home.
7. Slide or avoid
Probably the most misunderstood of all. PHBA, MLB and USA Softball have a rule to protect players from unnecessary collisions. Slide or avoid is such an option. The problem is in understanding when to apply it. Sliding is always an option -- never a requirement! The only time a player would need to avoid a fielder by sliding or giving themselves up, is when they are obviously going to be out because the fielder has the ball and is waiting for them. In such a case the player may choose to slide or otherwise avoid contact with the fielder. In a situation where the fielder is waiting for a throw and is standing in or is subsequently drawn into the runner's path by a thrown ball and contact occurs with a runner, it is the fielder that is possibly at fault by entering the lane of a runner who is legally advancing. A fielder receiving a throw at the last second does not make the runner guilty of failing to slide or avoid. It is not the responsibility of any runner to anticipate wayward throws that may create a possible last second possession of the ball and a possible collision. Unless the fielder possesses the ball in adequate time for the runner to recognize that they will be out there is no requirement for the runner to slow or otherwise avoid continuing their legal advance. When contact occurs in this situation it is most likely incidental contact. Malicious contact is not allowed and every attempt to avoid hard contact is required of both players. In these so called "bang bang" plays runners do not always have adequate time to recognize the possession or adequate distance to react to a fielder that may have or soon have possession of the ball. If contact subsequently occurs, they should not necessarily be penalized. Incidental contact may occur without necessarily penalizing either player.
8. Ball thrown into dead ball area base awards
Bases awarded, when a throw goes into dead ball territory, are from the time of the release of the throw, not when the ball goes into dead ball territory. The umpire must judge what base the runner had reached at the time of the release. All awards are two bases regardless where the throw was from or who threw it. Batter runners going to first are awarded first and second. Example -with a runner on first base at the time of the pitch, a throw going into dead ball territory results in the base runner being awarded third base. With an ongoing play if a runner reached second prior to the release of a throw that wound up in dead ball territory, that runner would be awarded home.
In the case of a pick-off play in baseball, the following conditions can occur. The pitcher becomes a fielder when he/she steps off the pitching plate prior to making the pick-off attempt. If the throw goes out of play, the runner(s) is(are) award two bases as described above. If the pitcher legally attempts a pick-off with out stepping of the pitching plate first and the ball goes out of play, the runner(s) is(are) awarded 1 base.
9. Infield fly
Runners on at least first and second with less than two outs. An infield fly must be a routine pop up in the infield that will be caught with ordinary effort as opposed to a pop up that a fielder might catch with extra effort. Ordinary effort is judged by the umpire and modified for the level of play in each division where the infield fly rule is active. A ball rules to be caught with ordinary effort in Western division will not necessarily be call the same in the National division. It is not the responsibility of the umpire to judge the talent of the individual players on the field


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Hi folks, this photo is about Bamboo Motif Lithophane Accent Lamp ( Accent Lamp #2). This image is a image/jpeg and the resolution of this picture is 850 x 850. This post's file size is just 52 KB. If You ought to download This picture to Your computer, you could Click here. You might too download more pictures by clicking the picture below or see more at this article: Accent Lamp.
Meaning of Bamboo Motif Lithophane Accent Lamp
Bamboobam•boo (bam bo̅o̅′),USA pronunciation n., pl. -boos.
- any of the woody or treelike tropical and semitropical grasses of the genera Bambusa, Phyllostachys, Dendrocalamus, and allied genera, having woody, usually hollow stems with stalked blades and flowering only after years of growth.
- the stem of such a plant, used as a building material and for making furniture, poles, etc.
Accentac•cent (n. ak′sent;v. ak′sent, ak sent′),USA pronunciation n.
- prominence of a syllable in terms of differential loudness, or of pitch, or length, or of a combination of these.
- degree of prominence of a syllable within a word and sometimes of a word within a phrase: primary accent; secondary accent.
- a mark indicating stress (as ′, ′, or ˈ, ˌ, or ′, ʺ), vowel quality (as French grave ˋ, acute ˊ, circumflex ˆ ), form (as French la "the'' versus là "there''), or pitch.
- any similar mark.
- regularly recurring stress.
- a mark indicating stress or some other distinction in pronunciation or value.
- a musical tone or pattern of pitch inherent in a particular language either as a feature essential to the identification of a vowel or a syllable or to the general acoustic character of the language. Cf. tone (def. 7).
- Often, accents.
- the unique speech patterns, inflections, choice of words, etc., that identify a particular individual: We recognized his accents immediately. She corrected me in her usual mild accents.
- the distinctive style or tone characteristic of an author, composer, etc.: the unmistakably Brahmsian accents of the sonata; She recognized the familiar accents of Robert Frost in the poem.
- a mode of pronunciation, as pitch or tone, emphasis pattern, or intonation, characteristic of or peculiar to the speech of a particular person, group, or locality: French accent; Southern accent.Cf. tone (def. 5).
- such a mode of pronunciation recognized as being of foreign origin: He still speaks with an accent.
- a stress or emphasis given to certain notes.
- a mark noting this.
- stress or emphasis regularly recurring as a feature of rhythm.
- a symbol used to distinguish similar quantities that differ in value, as in b′, b ʺ, b‴
(called b prime, b second or b double prime, b third or b triple prime, respectively).
- a symbol used to indicate a particular unit of measure, as feet (′) or inches (ʺ), minutes (′) or seconds (ʺ).
- a symbol used to indicate the order of a derivative of a function in calculus, as f′ (called f prime) is the first derivative of a function f.
- words or tones expressive of some emotion.
- accents, words;
speech: He spoke in accents bold.
- distinctive character or tone: an accent of whining complaint.
- special attention, stress, or emphasis: an accent on accuracy.
- a detail that is emphasized by contrasting with its surroundings: a room decorated in navy blue with two red vases as accents.
- a distinctive but subordinate pattern, motif, color, flavor, or the like: The salad dressing had an accent of garlic.
- to pronounce with prominence (a syllable within a word or a word within a phrase): to accent the first syllable of "into''; to accent the first word of "White House.''
- to mark with a written accent or accents.
- to give emphasis or prominence to;
Lamplamp (lamp),USA pronunciation n.
- any of various devices furnishing artificial light, as by electricity or gas. Cf. fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp.
- a container for an inflammable liquid, as oil, which is burned at a wick as a means of illumination.
- a source of intellectual or spiritual light: the lamp of learning.
- any of various devices furnishing heat, ultraviolet, or other radiation: an infrared lamp.
- a celestial body that gives off light, as the moon or a star.
- a torch.
- lamps, the eyes.
- smell of the lamp, to give evidence of laborious study or effort: His dissertation smells of the lamp.
- to look at;
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Children disappointed as teacher pulls down blinds to stop them being distracted by snow during lesson at Stalham Academy near Great Yarmouth
Children at Stalham Academy, near Great Yarmouth, were banned from looking at snow Photo: Andrew Crowley
By Agency
A primary school has been criticised by parents after pupils aged eight and nine were banned from watching snow outside their classroom window.
Children were left disappointed after their teacher pulled down blinds to stop them being distracted by snow during a lesson.
Parents also claimed that pupils were stopped from touching the snow when they arrived at Stalham Academy near Great Yarmouth, Norfolk.
Charlotte Marsters, 39, said her nine-year-old daughter had been excited by last Monday's snowfall and was very disappointed when the blinds were closed.
She said: "It was so dark they had to put the lights on. They were stuck in all day as they weren't allowed to play in the snow - and there was only about 1cm."
Ms Masters said children had been "marshalled" into classrooms as snow fell and were stopped from even bending to touch it.
She claimed one boy was told off after he took a small amount of snow from a wall with a gloved hand.
Mother-of-six Shelly Betts, whose eight-year-old daughter Bethany is a pupil, said: "When she told me they'd shut the blinds I couldn't believe it - I was very upset.
"They're only little, and they only stay children for a short time. They could have turned the snow it into a science lesson instead of banning them from seeing it. By the time they came out of school it was all gone.
"I don't want it to end up with my children only knowing about snow from Christmas cards."
Julie Hollins, 30, who has an eight-year-old son at the school, said: "Stopping them from even seeing it fall is like a slap in the face for little children."
Valerie Moore, chief executive of the Rightforsuccess Academy Trust which runs the school, did not respond to a request for comment.
However, a message posted on the Facebook page said: "We acknowledge that snow is an unusual and exciting occurrence for everyone, especially children.
"The academy's playgrounds were extremely icy so it was felt that in the interest of safety and in line with our risk assessment under health and safety, that children were brought inside at the start of the day.
"The phrase'marshalling' is not accurate to describe a notice board asking children to go inside, nor is it accurate in regards to the manner that children are brought into the Academy.
"Over the course of the day the ice had not cleared by break time on the Monday and sleet and snow showers prevented outdoor play at lunchtime.
"Having discussed the matter with the class teacher in question, she noted that the heavy snow fall was having an impact upon the learning of the children during one of her lessons so the blinds were closed to ensure that children focussed on their tasks in hand."
The school made headlines before Christmas when Stalham curate, the Rev Margaret McPhee, announced that father Christmas was not real during a school carol service, leaving some pupils upset. She later apologised.


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Speaking with: Duane Hamacher on Indigenous astronomy
Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people have between 40,000 and 60,000 years of pre-colonial history that includes stories of constellations they observed in the night sky and traditions that align with the stars and the moon. But until recently, these stories were largely dismissed by the scientific community.
Researchers are now finding that Indigenous oral traditions contain vast environmental and scientific intelligence. These complex knowledge systems have helped Indigenous people survive Australia for tens of thousands of years.
I catch up with cultural astronomer Duane Hamacher about Indigenous astronomy and its complex relationship to history, culture and applied scientific knowledge.
Subscribe to The Conversation's Speaking With podcasts on iTunes.
Image: flickr/Ben Ashmole
Music: Free Music Archive/Chris Zabriskie


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Complaint letter/email template [remove this heading from your final copy] store ), write to the store you originally dealt with, and send a copy to its head office. How to write letters of complaint that get results [ellen phillips] on amazon com free shipping on qualifying offers how to get the best of shoddy shops,. We know companies take notice of certain legal phrases when you complain of template complaint letters to help you get results, saving you time on writing.
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Put your requests for new locks, improved security, or a solution to other safety problems in the rental into writing. Complaint letters can be effective ways to resolve issues pertaining to bad products or services and learning how to write a complaint letter that gets attention. Here's everything you need to know about writing a complaint or demand letter contact legalmatch at _PHONE_ to find a lawyer today. If you need to raise a complaint with your dental professional but are this template will help you to create a letter which can be sent to them. Sample letter on how to reply to a complaint letter sample 1 dear thank you for your email firstly we would like to apologize for the inconvenience and.
We have already looked at how to write an informal letter offering advice today, we are going to study how to write a letter of complaint. Sample complaint letter (your address) (your city, state, zip code) (date) ( name of contact person, if available) (title, if available) (company name. One of the essential business english skills is how to write a letter of complaint it is a difficult task to get perfectly right because you have to make sure that you.
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What is a maquiladora?
Maquiladoras are foreign-owned factories located in Mexico that are typically found along the U.S. - Mexico border. Maquiladoras produce a variety of products including electronic components, chemicals, clothes, machinery, and auto parts.
The maquiladora program began in 1965 as part of the Mexican government's Border Industrialization Program. It was developed in response to the demise of the U.S. government's Bracero Program, which allowed Mexican farmworkers to legally perform seasonal work within the U.S. The end of the Bracero Program caused an unemployment crisis in the border region. The Mexican government responded to this crisis by creating the maquiladora program which provided an incentive to foreign manufacturers to move production to Mexico. This incentive was created by allowing duty free import of raw materials and other supplies into the country with the stipulation that the manufactured goods and the resulting wastes were eventually exported to another country. The passing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1993 led to an increased number of maquiladoras in the border region. In 2003, there were 2,893 maquiladoras employing 1,063,123 people.
The high concentration of maquiladoras combined with less rigorous environmental regulations, limited capacity to enforce environmental laws, and the expense of exporting hazardous waste has created an incentive for illegal dumping and has polluted the surrounding land, water, and air. Inside the maquiladoras, occupational hazards relating to toxic chemical exposure and workplace safety also affect human health. Occupational hazards are of particular concern in Mexico since first-time violators are rarely punished and since penalties are typically incurred only for imminent dangers and failures to address previously highlighted violations.
This description is based on the information found in the Web links listed with this topic.
Web Links from MedlinePlus (National Library of Medicine)
Haz-Map Occupational Health Info (National Library of Medicine)
Hazardous Substances Data Bank (National Library of Medicine)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health home page (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets (New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services)
Traumatic Occupational Injuries (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
Workplace Safety and Health Topics (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
Chemicals in Industry
Are these chemicals in MY Industry?
Bisphenol A (BPA)
Perchloroethylene (PCE, PERC)
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Last Updated: December 10, 2012


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Apr 01 2013 • Posted by JVargas
Save Money. Build Community. Protect the Planet.
Mission: To Reduce CO2 Emissions in SouthCoast Mass.
Feb 25 2013 • Posted by Siggy
Algae lamps have the abilityto collect more CO2 than trees. Energy production through algae plants is being researched, and there are products like lamps being designed and developed to harness this energy. Researchers at Stanford have been studying the electrical current that algae plants produce during photosynthesis, a plants way of creating energy by converting sunlight into chemical energy. Scientists have been developing lamps that will generate electricity from algae, and are revolutionizing the way we produce energy. So Cool!
These lamps work by collecting CO2 and sunlight, which causes the algae to undergo photosynthesis. During the photosynthesis process, the algae lamp charges a battery that will then release light. I think lamps like these will be a great way to reduce electricity consumption from dirty energy like coal, oil, and gas. The lamps even look cool, while at the same time making the air cleaner and lighting the world.
Feb 12 2013 • Posted by Kaela
I love Girl Scouts! Not only do I love the organization and what they are doing for girls, but I also love their cookies. After all, who doesn't love Girl Scout cookies? However, I now have a new reason to love Girl Scout Cookies. For those of you who have already purchased them this year, you may have noticed new packaging:
In the past Girl Scout Cookies were purchased by the box, but this year they are being sold as packages. For most varieties of cookies, the only difference you will notice is the package in place of a box. However for two varieties of Girl Scout Cookies, Thanks-A-Lot and Lemonades, you will notice that the cookies come in actual recyclable film, which is similar to the film cookies are normally bagged in, inside the paperboard boxes. ABC Bakers, which is one of two licensed bakers of Girl Scout Cookies, started the new packaging in 2010 with only the Thanks-A-Lot Girl Scout Cookie. They estimate that this change saved 150 tons of paperboard from the trash! It also allowed them to ship more cookie packages per truck saving approximately 2,600 gallons of diesel a year! However don't worry too much about the paperboard packaging, as it is recyclable as well.
Turning to the side of the cookie package, you will notice a GreenPalm Sustainability logo. This means that both ABC Bakers and Little Brownie Bakers are official members of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), which is committed to producing sustainable, environmentally and socially responsible palm oil. This means that all of the palm oil used in Girl Scout Cookies is sourced from RSPO.
In addition to sustainable packaging and palm oil, some varieties of Girl Scout Cookies made by ABC Bakers are also vegan. Vegan food is more environmentally-friendly because it doesn't have the large carbon-footprint made by animals. Our vegan cookie-lovers will be please to know that they can enjoy the Thin Mint, Thank-A-Lot, Lemonades, and Peanut Butter Patties Girl Scout Cookies.
And there is one more environmentally-friendly reason to love Girl Scout Cookies: when a Girl Scout Troop in the Eastern Mass Council (which is most of the SouthCoast Energy Challenge area) sells at least 24 packages of cookies, Girl Scouts of Eastern Mass (GSEM) will symbolically adopt a dolphin from the National Wildlife Federation! Now what did you say your favorite Girl Scout Cookie was? Mine is Carmel DeLites!
Jan 29 2013 • Posted by Kaela
Gerard Moliné, a product designer in Barcelona has designed a more environmentally-friendly way to leave the planet, and transition to the next life, nothingness, or whatever else awaits our bodiless spirits. It's called the Bio Urn (or Urna Bios in Spanish) and it's made of composted coconut shell, compacted peat and cellulose, with tree seeds inside. After the ashes are added, the urn is then planted and a tree grows in memory of the deceased. Personally, I'm intrigued by the possibility of tree cemeteries (or should I say forests) instead of our current tombstone cemeteries. What do you think? Could you see yourself using a Bio Urn?
Jan 28 2013 • Posted by Kaela
Lately I've been realizing that I seem to be going to the gas station a lot more often than I was a few months ago. At first I thought it was because I was driving more, but then I looked at my car's computer and realized that my MPGs were lower. Has anyone else ever realized that your car used more gas in the winter?
I did some research to try and found out why. I learned that there are three main reasons for lower MPGs in the winter. I also included a link to a useful article below.
1. In the winter the many people start up their cars earlier before driving so that the car will be warm, and in order to help melt the snow while cleaning off their cars.
2. Oil is thicker increasing friction and decreasing engine efficiency.
3. Gasoline is a mixture of different chemicals, and in the winter gasoline tends to contain more butane while lowers efficiency.
As for increasing MPGs, check out the second link with tips for pumping gas. Let us know if they work?
Jan 22 2013 • Posted by Siggy
Our dependency on petroleum is filthy and has caused irreversible destruction, yet as a nation we are still trying to find ways to get deeper into the ground and pump more oil into our homes, cars, and industry.
The Keystone XL Pipeline is a proposed 1700 mile pipeline that if approved would pump 700,000 barrels of dirty, carbon heavy tarsands oil from Alberta Canada through the U.S., to refineries on the Gulf Coast. The construction of this pipeline would have a horrible environmental impact. The tarsands pipeline will spill, threaten fragile environments, increase American dependency on oil, and it won't created nearly the number of jobs it promised.
The current Keystone XL pipeline that had been up and running since 2010 has leaked more than a dozen times including one leak that dumped 21,000 gallons of tarsands crude. The new Keystone XL pipeline would carry 35 million gallons of oil every day. A pipeline carrying that much oil has the potential for any leak to be catastrophic. That much oil could begin passed through hundreds of miles of precious forests, landscapes, and bodies of water. For example, the Ogallala Aquifer is at risk for contamination if the tarsand pipeline is built, which is drinking source for millions of people. Also, the pipeline will aid in the destruction of Canada's boreal forests. These ecosystems are too fragile to put at risk.
At what cost can we keep feeding our addiction to fossil fuels? How can we afford to use 3 gallons of water to produce one gallon of oil? The deeper we dig for oil, the more dangerous it is. Can we afford another ExxonMobil or BP spill? We need tell Congress Keystone XL is NOT in the public interest and we want to reduce our carbon emissions, invest in sustainable energy, and lessen the impact of climate change.
Great change has happened in our world because the people have come together to advocate and fight for change. Get to an action or a protest to stand up for our environment!
Jan 15 2013 • Posted by Julia B
The other day I picked up some frozen corn from the grocery store. It came in a convenient microwave steamer package and I thought I'd give it a try. Upon steaming it up for dinner I was amazed at how good it tasted. Not being much of a frozen corn girl – the last time I had it was when I was a kid – I was amazed at how much flavor it had. How did they do it? Was it natural? Perhaps a GMO product? So, I did a little research on the prevalence of GMO products and found a good article on WebMD sighting some interesting information.
"Experts say 60% to 70% of processed foods on U.S. grocery shelves have genetically modified ingredients. The most common genetically modified foods are soybeans, maize, cotton, and rapeseed oil. That means many foods made in the U.S. containing field corn or high-fructose corn syrup, such as many breakfast cereals, snack foods, and the last soda you drank; foods made with soybeans (including some baby foods); and foods made with cottonseed and canola oils could likely have genetically modified ingredients.
Researchers from the Food Policy Institute at Rutgers' Cook College found that only 52% of Americans realized that genetically modified foods are sold in grocery stores and only 26% believed that they have ever eaten genetically modified foods — a modest 6% increase since 2001. "
GMO Food risks include:
- Introducing allergens and toxins to food
- Accidental contamination between genetically modified and non-genetically modified foods
- Antibiotic resistance
- Adversely changing the nutrient content of a crop
- Creation of "super" weeds and other environmental risks
- Increased pest and disease resistance
- Drought tolerance
- Increased food supply
Find out more here: webmd article
Also check out Friends of the Earth website: _URL_
Study done with GMO corn on mice: gmo corn and mice
Jan 08 2013 • Posted by Kaela
Well the world didn't end on December 21, 2012, so you can all stop worrying now, Right? Wrong! Below is a


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African-american experience and issues of race and racism in us schools boundary crossing for louisiana-- a radio story about the racial tension and. Full and equal access to the determinants of equity are necessary to have equity for all people regardless of race boundary review student crossing of. From her first published short story racial performance problematic, in which race and gender drawing up and crossing of racial boundaries. What's won and lost across the boundary line the other boston busing story and possibilities that come with crossing over racial and ethnic boundary.
A chosen exile has 291 ratings and 51 reviews ij said: a chosen exile: a history of racial passing in america focuses on the story of racial passing is. Portland school board member accuses district of racial discrimination it was the driving purpose for district-wide boundary review. If you have suggestions for documentaries and educational discrimination in the north and interesting story about the relationship between race.
Crossing the moral boundary here i must open a parenthesis in my story racial discrimination. What is employment discrimination applicant is treated unfavorably because of his or her race, skin color review this list of the different types. By insisting on direct evidence of racial discrimination continue reading the main story they were far too minor to form the boundary between.
Religious discrimination religious discrimination involves treating a person (an applicant or employee) unfavorably because of his or her religious beliefs. Essie grundy is suing walmart on the grounds of racial discrimination on account of their race allred told glamour that keeping crossing all demographics. Racial boundary crossing john 1975), though reviews of these works mention that such research racial discrimination. Housing markets and racial discrimination is to rely on bailey's original story are also different prices along the boundary between the markets.
In this article, we examine a large, interdisciplinary, and somewhat scattered literature, all of which falls under the umbrella term race mixture we highlight important analytical. National academy of sciences received for review may are equally likely or more likely to cross a racial boundary when reciprocating than when.
" cross-group friendships and intergroup no study has yet examined perceived personal discrimination as a potential boundary ethnic and racial studies. Southern royalty: race, gender, and discrimination during mardi gras from the civil war to the present day. Zjc literature in english texts has 4 crossing the boundary it thought me a thing or two about racial discrimination and apartheid i had no.


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U.S. Military in Boca Raton
Courtesy Florida State Archives
By the time World War II began, both the U.S. Navy and the army's Signal Corps had developed techniques for airborne radar (an acronym for radio detection and ranging). A radar post in the hills above Pearl Harbor spotted the Japanese attack in December 1941, but could not alert the main forces in time. The Army Signal Corps opened a radar school at Camp Murphy, now Jonathan Dickinson State Park in Martin County, and the Army Air Corps wanted a similar site close by. They considered Vero Beach, but after lobbying by Boca Raton's mayor, Jonas C. "Joe" Mitchell, the Air Corps' Radio School No. 2 opened (No. 1 was in Illinois) on land that would become the site of Florida Atlantic University and Boca Raton Airport.
About 50 owners of over 5,820 acres were forced to sell their land to the government under the Second War Purposes Act, including the Town of Boca Raton and the Lake Worth Drainage District. As explained in the Miami Herald on May 17, 1942, owners were notified "to vacate immediately all the land west of the railroad at Boca Raton. No financial offer has been made by the government to the owners of the land, but an appraisal is being made under the supervision of Lieutenant Colonel H. H. Cox." Some people reportedly resisted being moved from their land, or felt officials treated them unfairly. In addition to legal owners, about 40 African-American families were removed who were squatters in the neighborhood of Fortieth Street.
Courtesy Boca Raton Historical Society
William R. "Bill" Zern Jr., who started working with West Palm Beach mortician Mo Mizell in 1943, recalled in 2006: "There apparently had been a cemetery about where the field was, and Mo Mizell had been hired to move the bodies down to where Boca Raton Cemetery is now (449 SW Fourth Avenue)."
Boca Raton Army Air Field officially opened on October 12, 1942. The army constructed more than 800 buildings. Four runways were installed to train pilots on B-17s, and airplanes came from all over to have radar installed. Aviation cadets sometimes spent up to 20 hours per day on academic and military training. Classes included engineering, aerodynamics, and communications. After finishing their education at Yale University, these cadets were commissioned officers.
Courtesy Florida State Archives
The Air Corps also took over the luxurious oceanfront Boca Raton Club to house trainees and officers from the radar training school. Residents reported conditions were anything but elegant, however. The expensive furnishings had been replaced by standard army bunks housing eight to a room, the swimming pool was boarded over, poor water pressure made bathing difficult, and a rigorous schedule allowed no excuses. When the club became too crowded, the grounds, including the golf course, turned into a tent camp.
African-American soldiers were segregated in Squadron F. Their housing, meals, training, and recreation were all separate from the white soldiers.
Although Boca Raton's population was only 723 in 1940, during the war years it increased by 30,000 servicemen and women, civilian employees, and their families. Over 100,000 troops passed through Boca Raton for training or en route to service in the Pacific or Europe. The activity created a boom for the area, as Boca Raton residents alone could not fill all the needs of the military. In 1944 J. Myer Schine bought the Boca Raton Club and modernized it for a new life as the Boca Raton Hotel and Club. The Boca Raton Army Air Field operated until 1947.
To learn more about Boca Raton Army Air Field and World War II in Palm Beach County, click here.
Post-War Military Secrets
After World War II, the Boca Raton Army Air Field was shut down except for 838 acres known as Boca Raton Air Force Auxiliary Field, a backup for Morrison Field. From 1952 to 1957, during the Cold War with the Soviet Union, another 85.4 acres to the north were used for top-secret military activities. The Palm Beach Post made it public in 2001 after obtaining official documents and interviewing veterans and experts.
During the Cold War, the U.S. Government pursued the development of biological weapons for use in the event the Soviet Union initiated a biological war. The military spent about $8 million, in 1950s dollars, on a program designed to stop wheat production and force the Soviets to choose between surrender and feeding their civilian population. Boca Raton was one of many research sites scattered around the country, including Immokalee, Belle Glade, and Ft. Pierce in Florida. Boca Raton was chosen for its isolation, size, and climate.
The U.S. Chemical Corps recruited enlisted men from the farm states of the Midwest. Close to a hundred men worked from a large laboratory in a Quonset hut at the north end of the test site. No one wore uniforms, and vehicles were painted black. The men planted wheat between and along the runways of the former airfield, now the site of the Boca Raton Airport and Florida Atlantic University. When the wheat was about a foot high, it was sprayed with a fungus called "stem rust of rye," which formed spores that multiplied rapidly. Every three days, the men vacuumed up the resulting millions of spores and packed them in one-to-two gallon stainless steel containers, which were driven to the Avon Park Bombing Range, near Sebring. From there they were flown to an unknown destination.
Courtesy U.S. Army
If biological warfare became necessary, the spores were to be dusted onto chicken feathers, then loaded into a container that would explode about 500 feet off the ground, spreading the feathers; the fungus spores would destroy the wheat crops in about 24 hours.
In 1957 the Chemical Corps shut down the secret operation at Boca Raton and kept only a skeleton crew at the base. Two years later, the military turned over the remaining property to the City of Boca Raton and the State of Florida. The wheat disease gathered from Boca Raton and related sites was destroyed in 1969 by order of President Nixon.
A 1994 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers survey found nothing harmful at the test site in Boca Raton. U.S. Senator Bill Nelson initiated a Senate investigation of the program after the Department of Defense refused his request for information.


QC Deo Textile (50ml)
Deodorises your clothes and shoes safely and for a long time. The first 'prewash' that prevents odours, even at a low temperature.
Deodorises your clothes and shoes safely and for a long time. Sweat obtains an odour after bacteria (Corine bacteria) turn fatty acids (sweat) into volatile fatty acids. The amount of bacteria determines the strength of the sweat odour given off by the clothing.
Bacteria are killed at a temperature of around 80°C. Delicate clothing is washed at a temperature lower than 30°C, however. This means that the bacteria are not killed. After drying, these bacteria will remain present but inactive in our clothing. The next time the clothing comes into contact with a body and the moisture and temperature rise, the bacteria become active again. This explains why you might start to notice an odour with one blouse quicker than another.
QC Deo Textile contains zinc and silver ions. These eliminate bacteria that cause the typical sweat odour and keep your clothes fresh and odour free for a long time.
Use: can be used as pre-wash: allow QC Deo Textile to soak in for 30-45 minutes before washing the clothing. Deo Textile can also be used during the day, to freshen up clothing (and shoes). To do this, mist QC Deo Textile over the area you want to deodorise.
The main components and their effect
 - Zinc and silver ions: keep odours under control.
Artikel QC-100.12 Categorie Tags,,,,,


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OWLS projects provide opportunities to integrate across the curriculum using a thematic approach. Here are a few limited examples of how your project could help to support instructional objectives and tie to subject areas.
Identifying plants and animals, studying living communities, ecological systems, and monitoring change.
Studying soil characteristics, hydrologic cycles, and properties of water.
Applying concepts related to weather, climate, and seasonal patterns.
Tallying species, mapping of site, graphing growth of vegetation, interpreting data.
Developing a written plan, making oral reports, writing newspaper and newsletter articles, communication with diverse groups.
Identifying historical uses of site, engaging in the political process, working cooperatively with others.
Developing site maps and illustrations.
Applying appropriate technology in land use projects.
When working on an OWLS, you will use your indoor classroom for the majority of curriculum connected activities. This process helps make the connection between what they are learning and doing to improve the outdoor wildlife habitat at their school as well as applying it to all curriculum studies.


in plts -- less with leukoreduced
Treating ferbile transfusion reaction
Stop transfusion
Rule out hemolysis
Give antipyretics
Mechanisms of febrile transfusion reaction
Classic -- recipients antibodies attack antigens on donor WBCs
Immune complex -- recipients antibodies react with antigens/proteins in donor and stimulate macrophages
Cytokines -- donor macrophages produce cytokines in storage, which are transfused in
transfusion related acute lung injury
Donor antibodies, recipient cells, host actors = bilateral lung infiltrates
Like ARDS but only 10% mortality
Pathophysiology of TRALI
Donor antibodies lead to complement activaiton--->C5a ---> PMNs that activate and damage pulmonary vascular bed (also other vasculatures probably)
Donors at risk for causing TRALI
multiparous women
recipients of multiple transfusions


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UNESCO Holds Workshop on Impact of Glacier Retreat in Andes
30 May 2012: The UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) organized a regional workshop titled "The Impact of Glacier Retreat in the Andes: International Multidisciplinary Network for Adaptation Strategies" under the auspices of its International Hydrological Programme (IHP), and Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
The workshop, which took place in Lima, Peru, from 29-30 May 2012, was organized in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Mountain Partnership Secretariat, the Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecorregión Andina (CONDESAN), the Andean Climate Change Interamerican Observatory Network (ACCION), the Grupo de Trabajo de Nieves y Hielos (GTNH-IHP), and the Third Pole Environment (TPE). It brought together 40 participants, including representatives from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru (Andean countries), Belgium, China, Spain and the US, as well as international and regional organizations.
The worshop initiated a process between UNESCO IHP and MAP, and the Andean Member States, aimed at establishing an international network in order to facilitate a dialogue between researchers and decision makers, as well as identify research and policy needs. Participants engaged in three working groups that addressed the following themes: climate impact assessment - snow, glacier, and water resources; vulnerability assessment in the Andean region; and policy assessment in the Andean region.
Each working group developed recommendations. The group on climate impact assessment called for strengthening education and capacity building, publishing and disseminating information on high mountain ecosystems, and proposed the creation of a center of excellence on glaciology in Huaraz, Peru, under the auspices of UNESCO. The group on vulnerability stressed the need to establish a typology of the vulnerability of glaciers, as well as of the physical and demographic environment. The group on policy underscored the need to: complement existing normative frameworks and formulate new policies and laws; enhance exchanges and dialogue among scientists, decision makers, donors and local communities; and ensure free access to data and information sharing. [UNESCO Press Release] [IISD RS Sources]


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I wonder if the following is possible:
I have a dll that I have referenced in my web site. This dll makes a remote socket connection. The socket connection is waiting in the background and the dll reports back data through events after the socket has received some data.
The connection is opened during load of page.
Now, I would, for example, like to update a label on the page when new data has arrived.
I am not sure how this would work. I assume that I could set some kind of timer on page that updates a control but it does not seem "optimal" as I already call code behind through my events. "Optimally" the UpdatePanel or whatever updates the interface would wait for events and "update" when events has occurred and not based on time.
My question is - is this possible?
share|improve this question
It's easier to load the page on the client then initiate the call to the server via AJAX, letting the page method wait (the page has loaded but you could display a little "loading" symbol somewhere) and then, when it receives the response from the server, update. This is a good use case for Page Methods - see ajax.asp.net/docs/tutorials/…. Once your original page has been delivered, you shouldn't really have anything in it to keep it alive on the web form/code behind side - it should be request-response based. – dash Feb 24 '12 at 13:03
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3 Answers
up vote 1 down vote accepted
You can use techniques called "long pulling" or "web sockets".
There are libraries, like SignalR that can help you.
They generally use web sockets when client's browser supports and long pulling when not.
Using these libraries you can "push" commands/data from server to client's browser, just as you want.
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Server cannot push the client, this is the rule how web works. There are two possible ways to complete your task.
 1. Put timer on the page and make requests on server too see, if something changed
 2. Open long pulling connection between client and server, like facebook does. That listens
 to the events and gets data from the server. It can be, for example xmpp or any other.
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You should think about turning this around; rather than initiate the call from the code behind asynchronously and then update the client, you should deliver your original page to the client.
Once the page has been loaded client side, you can make an AJAX call to the server to retrieve the data you want - and display a little "I'm loading" symbol while this happens.
Page Methods are ideal for this.
The classic ASP.Net web page is supposed to last for the duration of the users request. When a postback happens, it effectively rebuilds the state of the call from the user's viewstate, session and any other state you've maintained. It never cares if the user goes away, for example (although it might feel a bit lonely).
Having it hang around for longer is problematic in a number of ways, however, you can implement client callbacks. However, although the server initiates this, the client manages the lifecycle, so it's analogous to page methods.
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_USER_ {Bai:2010:_PHONE_:559, title = "Using rough set theory to identify villages affected by birth defects: the example of Heshun, Shanxi, China", journal = "International Journal of Geographical Information Science", parent_itemid = "infobike://tandf/tgis", publishercode ="tandf", year = "2010", volume = "24", number = "4", publication date ="2010-04-01T00:00:00", pages = "559-576", itemtype = "ARTICLE", issn = "_PHONE_", eissn = "_PHONE_", url = "_URL_ doi = "doi:10.1080/13658810902960079", keyword = "rough set, spatial analysis, neural-tube birth defects", author = "Bai, Hexiang and Ge, Yong and Wang, Jin-Feng and Lan Liao, Yi", abstract = "This article uses rough set theory to explore spatial decision rules in neural-tube birth defects and searches for novel spatial factors related to the disease. The whole rule induction process includes data transformation, searching for attribute reducts, rule generation, prediction or classification, and accuracy assessment. We use Heshun as an example, where neural-tube birth defects are prevalent, to validate the approach. About 50% of the villages in Heshun are used as the sample data, from which all of the rules are extracted. Meanwhile, the other villages are used as reference data. The rules extracted from the training data are then applied to the reference data. The result shows that the rules' generalization is reasonably good. Moreover, a novel relationship between the spatial attributes and the neural-tube birth defects was discovered. That is, the villages that lie in Watershed 9 of this district and that are also associated with a gradient of between 16\textdegree and 25\textdegree are vulnerable to neural-tube birth defects. This result paves the road for predicting where high rates of neural-tube birth defects will occur and can be used as a preliminary step in finding a direct cause for the disease.", }


text:
Clue: Animal that resembles a guinea pig
We have 1 answer for the clue Animal that resembles a guinea pig. See the results below.
- White-spotted rodent
- Spotted cavy
- Cousin of an agouti
- Amazon Basin creature
- Tropical rodent
- Cousin of a guinea pig
- Agouti cousin
- Amazon Basin burrower
- Rodent resembling a guinea pig
- South American rodent
Last Seen In:
- New York Times - September 11, 2002
Found an answer for the clue Animal that resembles a guinea pig that we don't have? Then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!


text:
Commercial Super Now Account
(available to sole proprietorship businesses only)
This account is not a consumer account to which Truth in Savings applies.
- Unlimited checkwriting
- Rate information: Your interest rate and annual percentage yield may change.
- Frequency of rate changes: We may change the interest rate on your account at any time.
- Determination of rate: At our discretion, we may change the interest rate on your account.
- Compounding and crediting frequency: Interest will be compounded every month. Interest will be credited to your account every month.
- Minimum balance to open the account: You must deposit $1,500.00 to open this account.
- Minimum balance to avoid imposition of fees: A service charge fee of $15.00 will be imposed every statement cycle if the balance in the account falls below $1,500.00 any day of the cycle.
- Daily balance computation method: We use the daily balance method to calculate the interest on your account. This method applies a daily periodic rate to the principal in the account each day.
- Accrual of Interest on noncash deposits: Interest begins to accrue no later than the business day we receive credit for the deposit of noncash items (for example, checks).
- Fees: A per debit item fee of $.15 will be charged for each debit transaction (withdrawal, check paid, automatic transfer or payment out of this account).
Interest that has accrued but not credited back to the account at closing will be forfeited.


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Michi's blog » Recursively counting numbers with fixed bit counts
 Recursively counting numbers with fixed bit counts
 - May 13th, 2012
 - 1:04 am
Write a function
uint64_t bitsquares(uint64_t a, uint64_t b);
The key insight I had was that whenever you try to find the number of numbers with a bitcount matching some element of some list within the bounds of 0b0000…0000 and 0b000…01111…11, then it reduces to a simple binomial coefficient — n choose k gives the number of numbers with k bits set among the n last. Furthermore, we can reduce the total size of the problem by removing a matching prefix from the two numbers we test from.
Hence, we trace how many bits off the top agree between the two numbers. We count the set bits among these, subtract them from each representative in the list of squares, giving us the counts we need to hit in the remainder.
Write a' for a with the agreeing prefix removed, and similarly for b'. Then the total count is the count for the reduced things from a' to 0b000…01…111 plus the count for the reduced things from 0 to b'. The reduction count for b' needs to be 1 larger than the one for a' since in one case, we are working with the prefix before the varying bit increases, and in the other, we work with the prefix after the varying bit increases — the latter count is not really from 0 to b', but this is a useful proxy for the count from 0b0000…010…000 to b' with the additional high bit set.
In code, I managed to boil this down to:
import Data.Word
import Data.Bits
import Data.List (elemIndices)
bitsquare :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Word64bitsquare a b = bitcountin a b squares -- # integers in [a,b] with square # of 1
squares = [1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64] :: [Word64]
allones = [fromIntegral (2^k - 1) | k <- [1..64]]
choose n 0 = 1
choose 0 k = 0
choose n k = (choose (n-1) (k-1)) * n 'div' k
popCount :: Word64 -> Word64
popCount w = sum [1 | x <- [0..63], testBit w x]
-- # integers in [a,b] with 1-counts in counts
bitcountin :: Word64 -> Word64 -> [Word64] -> Word64
bitcountin a b counts
| a > b = 0
| a == b = if popCount b 'elem' counts then 1 else 0 | (a == 0) && (b 'elem' allones) = sum [choose n k | n <- [popCount b], k <- c
| otherwise = (bitcountin a' low [c-lobits | c <- counts, c>= lobits]) +
(bitcountin hi b' [c-hibits | c <- counts, c>= hibits])
agreements = [(testBit a n) == (testBit b n) | n <- [0..63]]
agreeI = elemIndices False agreements
prefixIndex = last agreeI
prefixCount = sum [1 | x <- [prefixIndex..63], testBit a x]
a' = a.&. (2^prefixIndex - 1)
b' = b.&. (2^prefixIndex - 1)
low = 2^prefixIndex - 1
hi = 0
lobits = prefixCount
hibits = prefixCount+1
5 People had this to say...
 - James Cook
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 17:49
For what it's worth, it's much simpler if you start off by defining a single-variable version of the problem (i.e., calculate bitSquareLTE n = bitsquare 0 n, and then just define the range version by subtraction.
An implementation of that approach is here:
 - Sam
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 18:00
I solved this in C instead. It is a bit wonky since you need to be careful to avoid integer overflow when you compute binomial coefficients (it's better to just memoize Pascal's triangle), but gcc's __builtin_clzl() comes in handy for the actual puzzle. You can simplify the algorithm at the cost of slightly increased runtime by defining the function 'bitCount 0 b counts' instead and then defining the full function by subtraction.
 - Noah Easterly
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 18:41
popCount is already defined in Data.Bits.
 - Sam
 - May 14th, 2012
 - 19:41
P.S. I know that redefining bitCount to subtract is cheating, because the problem asks for an O(log(b-a)) solution. However, 'bitCount a a k' tells you how whether the population count of a is k or not; I don't think that this can be done in constant time if k and a go to infinity.
 - Michi
 - May 15th, 2012
 - 18:38
_USER_: I know; however, it wasn't in the version of the Haskell Platform I was working on. Hence my inclusion of the code.
Everyone else: Sure, I can see how the one-parameter version simplifies thinking about the problem. But it seems a bit wasteful to traverse the entire (underlying) bit decision tree when you only need to look at the span between the numbers given…
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French movie 'Cuties' fails as a social commentary, Netflix needs to take it down
The movie 'Cuties' (French: Mignonnes) is a 2020 French comedy-drama that showcases young girls, aged 11, engaging in acts and dance forms that hypersexualises them.
While the context of the movie tries to take a coming of age stance that shows a young girl grappling with personal challenges versus a changing digital culture and reclaiming her childhood at the end of the movie, it fails in its treatment of this context.
From the first few minutes of the movie it builds a world where young girls are shown to be engaging in sexual conversations and actions. These are not showcased as curious explorations that children at different ages may have but as actions that are serving the needs of the world around them.
Fifty eight minutes into the movie the lead child actress is shown twerking for two men who manage a facility the girls had entered without making the requisite payments, one of the men is shown to be checking the girl out and enjoying her actions.
The movie also makes us think about the number of child artists who have had to audition for these roles and the acts they have had to perform towards this selection.
While the intent behind the making of the movie may have been positive, the treatment of the movie making process, the final scenes that the audience views, as well as the basic content of the movie itself places children in an unsafe sexualised environment and subjects the artists of the movie to possible consumption of the movie in an unsafe manner.
The filmmakers and Netflix have stated that the intent of the movie was to throw light on and criticize the hypersexualisation of young children, especially young girls. However, the lens through which the movie is made is often predatory and does not adequately relay this critique to the audience.
There are multiple petitions on that are urging Netflix to take the movie off its platform. We are urging to combine the power of these petitions to get Netflix to take action and remove the movie from its platform. You can add your voice to this movement by signing one of the petitions.
Title Image Credits: UAE 24×7
Written by: Vandita Morarka (Consultant, Digital Marketing and Communications)


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Gerbils And Exercise Wheels
How do you get gerbils to use an exercise wheel?
By Donna Anastasi
Posted: May 17, 2010, 2:40 p.m. EDT
Q: I have three gerbils living together in a 20-gallon long tank setup. None of them ever run on the wheel that I have in their cage. They mostly use it to burrow under. Is there a way to teach them to use a wheel, if it would be beneficial to their health?
A: The best type of wheel for gerbils is an 8-inch diameter, wire mesh (not slatted or plastic) wheel. A gerbil's tail could get caught in an old-style slatted wheel, and gerbils will chew a plastic wheel to bits. Some gerbils like a wheel and others don't.
The best way to get gerbils to run on a wheel is to offer a wheel when they are young, at about 5 weeks old. Wire it to the mesh lid of their tank so it hangs a few inches above the litter. Gerbils like the challenge of jumping and climbing on a wheel, and once inside may run on it. Try wiring the wheel so it holds still until they get used to sitting in it, then unwire it so it moves and they can run in it.
A final tip is that gerbils learn from watching gerbils in other tanks. If you ever go away and have someone with wheel-aholic gerbils babysit yours, you might come back to see your gerbils happily running in their wheel!
If your gerbils never take to the wheel, give them other things for exercise. Some examples are: a metal climbing structure or a branch from the reptile section of the pet store, deep litter to dig and burrow in, a dust bath to roll in, timothy hay, unscented toilet tissue, a PVC pipe as a tunnel, and plenty of cardboard boxes and tubes to gnaw up.
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this was really interesting.
Jäsper, North Kingstown, RI
Posted: 6/3/2012 9:48:25 AM
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Quick Answer: Where Is Barnet Council?
Which part of London is Barnet?
The London Borough of Barnet is in north London. It is the second largest London borough by population and the fourth largest by area. The borough was formed in 1965 from parts of the counties of Middlesex and Hertfordshire.
Does Barnet come under Hertfordshire?
Barnet, outer borough of London, England, on the northwestern perimeter of the metropolis. The borough lies mostly within the historic county of Middlesex, but many of its northern districts (including New Barnet and East Barnet ) belong historically to Hertfordshire.
Is Barnet a rich area?
The priciest areas can usually be found in the north of the borough, where properties in neighbourhoods such as Totteridge, Hadley, and High Barnet often sell for multi-million pound sums, although Hampstead Garden Suburb in the south frequently tops the list for some of the UK's most expensive streets.
How do I contact Barnet Council?
Colindale Office
 1. Address: 2 Bristol Avenue, Colindale, NW9 4EW.
 2. Telephone: 0208 _PHONE_.
 3. Website: Barnet Council Website.
You might be interested: FAQ: Why Do Brent Call You Unexpectedly?
Is Barnet London a good place to live?
High Barnet is the best place to live in London, the UK, and maybe the world. Last week Edgware claimed to be the cultural capital of London. In reality, everyone knows High Barnet is the bigger, better north London rival. Barnet is the Beyonce Knowles: the queen of the north.
Is Barnet a safe area?
The safest parts of Barnet Finchley Chruch End was the safest area of Barnet in terms of having the lowest crime rate. There was a total of 59 offences reported to The Met Police in March 2020. Vehicle offences account for 18 of these crimes, along with 15 violent offences, 12 burglaries and nine thefts.
How high is high Barnet?
For a London town, Barnet lies very high; the High Street is 427 feet (130 m) above sea level and the surrounding southern land no less than 295 feet (90 m).
What are the 32 boroughs of London?
How many houses are in Barnet?
The number of households in Barnet is predicted to increase from 157,000 in 2018 to 192,000 by 2030, a rise of 22%, which will have serious implications for services, infrastructure and budgets. Over the same period, the number of households in Outer London is estimated to increase by 19% and in England by 11%.
You might be interested: FAQ: How To Get To Barnet Hospital By Bus?
Is Edgware a good place to live?
Now, it's an affluent commuter town, popular with families – and it's easy to see why. There is a good supply of semi-detached houses in this area. It's safe, and relatively green, with good schools – and yet, it's on the Tube, and is served by night buses, making it easy and quick to get into Central London.
Is Colindale safe to live?
GPE aside, it's a fairly safe place. Possibly something to do with the fact that you've got Colindale police station and Hendon police college 2 minutes from the tube station, so the area is normally pretty flush with old bill.
Is Whetstone a nice place to live?
Whetstone, Totteridge etc are all lovely areas. And not as far away as you think. All have good bus routes and access to the city, just a few minutes further away then here. Whetstone has loads of families that have been out priced from the likes of East Finchley and Muswell Hillus included!
How do I complain to the Barnet Council?
Barnet Council complaints contacts
 1. Visit Contact Page.
 2. Email Customer Services on first.contact@ barnet.gov.uk.
 3. Call Customer Services on _PHONE_ 2000.
 4. Visit Homepage.
How do I apply for a council house in Barnet?
Customers at risk of becoming homeless must contact us as soon as possible on _PHONE_ 3539. There is no waiting list or housing register. There is no application form for you to fill in.
How much is Barnet council tax?
From 1 April 2021 to 31 March 2022
You might be interested: Quick Answer: What Zone Is New Barnet Station In?
Valuation band Barnet Council Total
A: up to £40,000 £891.55 £1,133.99
B: £40,001 to £52,000 £1,040.15 £1,323.00
C: £52,001 to £68,000 £1,188.74 £1,511.99
D: £68,001 to £88,000 £1,337.33 £1,700.99
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text:
To find the shortest round trip to 50 chosen cities in Europe a mathematician
would usually recruit a massive computer, a complex program and set aside
plenty of time. Researchers at BT, however, found the solution in record
time, with a workstation and a collection of 'software ants' – autonomous
programs a few hundred lines long which, together, can solve enormously
difficult problems by dealing with their own simple ones.
BT, which has developed the programs in the past year, says its method
could be applied to many problems where a complex series of decisions is
needed to achieve the best use of resources. Examples include searching
for information on a number of databases, designing circuits on microchips,
advising fighter pilots under multiple attack, or sending out telephone
engineers to fix faults.
The ants will also help to make software 'agents' designed to explore
the information superhighways. Peter Cochrane, head of core technologies
research at BT, says that with the amount of information that can be accessed
from the superhighway doubling every three years the system will have immense
value because it will allow people to find information more quickly.
The task of finding the shortest distance between points is known as
the travelling salesman problem. The number of possible solutions increases
factorially: for four points there are 24 feasible routes, but for 30 there
are 2.65 times 1032.
The previous world best for a proven solution was 3000 points, which
took a Cray supercomputer 18 months to work out. BT's method has solved
a problem involving 30 000 points on a workstation in 44 hours, and is
accurate to within 4 per cent.
BT's solution to the 50-city problem is like a massive computer game
played out on a computer representation of a map of Europe. Each of the
ants is assigned a position on the map, and from then on has to obey simple
rules. Ants cannot, for example, stray more than a certain distance from
their nearest neighbours: they act as if they are all tied together on a
long loop of string. If an ant finds a city it may breed, making a copy
of itself. And the closer it is to a city, the stronger the attraction to
it. If, however, an ant spends too long away from a city, it dies. The computer
then generates a new one at some other point between the deceased's nearest
To start solving the problem, the computer generates 50 ants joined
in a loop and sets them loose to search for cities according to their simple
instructions. Eventually they find cities, for which they are rewarded and
survive, or they die. Evolution does the rest.
The scientists who devised this method, Shara Amin and Jose-Luis Fernandez
of BT's systems research division at Martlesham Heath near Ipswich, believe
they can reach a solution 10 times faster still by making the ants more
self-sufficient. At present, the governing program has to inform the ants
when they are near a city. Amin and Fernandez want the ants to be able to
judge their own positions.
The work – minus the algorithm – will be published in the July issue
of Neural Computing Applications.


text:
[Transcribed information mainly from the early 1820s]"BROMPTON, a parish in the wapentake and liberty of Allertonshire. At some point between 1822 and 1890 Brompton Chapelry became a parish in its own right, having previously been a Chapelry of Northallerton."
[Description(s) edited mainly from various 19th century sources by Colin Hinson. ©2010]
- Transcript of the entry of "professions and trades" in the Bulmers Directory of 1890. of the North Riding.
- There is further information about this parish from the Bulmer's 1890 History and Directory of the North Riding.
- Ask for a calculation of the distance from Brompton to another place.
You can see maps centred on OS grid reference SE375964 (Lat/Lon: 54.361751, -1.424418), Brompton which are provided by:
- Google Maps
- StreetMap (Current Ordnance Survey maps)
- Bing (was Multimap)
- Old Maps Online (Other old maps.)
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain (Click "Historical units & statistics" for administrative areas.)
- English Jurisdictions in 1851 (Unfortunately the LDS have removed the facility to enable us to specify a starting location, you will need to search yourself on their map.)
- Magic (Geographic information) (Click + on map if it doesn't show)
- GeoHack (Links to on-line maps and location specific services.)


text:
Cutting Edge Solar City Tower Design for 2016 Olympics in Rio
The Solar CityTower is a 105 meter tall innovation of traditional concepts onlandmarks. The Swiss group's goals are to move away from iconicreferences, instead focusing on real challenges and design for thepost-oil era.
How The Solar City Tower Works:
Capitalizing on Rio's generous (if not excessive) supply of sunshineduring the day, solar-powered engines will pump seawater into the towerwhere it will be stored. At nightfall, the water will be releasedthrough turbines, generating hydro-electricity.
The electricity would go towards the city's demands–and of coursethe Olympic village. How it will be implemented into current municipalgrids has not been explained yet.
As for aesthetics–a key selling point for any Olympic feature–thetower also has the ability to turn into an urban water fall, an homageto Rio's natural landscapes.
Good? Bad? Bling?
When it comes to the Olympics, practicality is not always at theforefront. The events are designed around showcasing athletic prowessand the host city's tourist, economic, and environmental appeal.
The Solar City Tower is a feature, a place for visitors to experience something unique–most likely while eating a salad. It's commendable(read: required) that the building will be sustainable, but what aboutnumbers?
How much electricity could actually be generated by this structure?What about when the Olympics are over; how will the energy be fed intoRio's grid?
And the big question, especially considering the landscape and delicate ecosystems surrounding the "Marvelous City" [pdf]:what impact would construction of such a spectacle have on theenvironment?
Answers still to be had.
Learn more about Solar on eBoom's Solar EnergyLearning Page.
'EcoFriend' is an environmental blog. The idea behind EcoFriend is simple: to inform and educate consumers who love to possess the latest gadgets and products available in the market and who are also concerned about the environment around them.
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text:
DESCRIPTION 14-pin plastic DIP 14-pin plastic SO COMMERCIAL RANGE VCC 5V ±10%, Tamb N74F40N N74F40D
PINS Dna, Dnb, Dnc, Dnd Q0, Q1 Data inputs Data outputs DESCRIPTION 74F (U.L.) HIGH/LOW 1.0/2.0 750/106.7 LOAD VALUE HIGH/LOW 20µA/1.2mA 15mA/64mA
NOTE: One (1.0) FAST unit load is defined as: 20µA in the High state and 0.6mA in the Low state.
H NOTES: H = High voltage level L = Low voltage level X = Don't care
(Operation beyond the limits set forth in this table may impair the useful life of the device. Unless otherwise noted these limits are over the operating free-air temperature range.) SYMBOL VCC VIN IIN VOUT IOUT Tamb Tstg Supply voltage Input voltage Input current Voltage applied to output in High output state Current applied to output in Low output state Operating free-air temperature range Storage temperature range PARAMETER RATING 0.5 to VCC to +150 UNIT mA °C
LIMITS SYMBOL VCC VIH VIL IIK IOH IOL Tamb Supply voltage High-level input voltage Low-level input voltage Input clamp current High-level output current Low-level output current Operating free-air temperature range 0 PARAMETER MIN NOM 5.0 MAX mA °C UNIT
(Over recommended operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted.) SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST 0.42 0.73 LIMITS MIN V VIN = GND VIN V TYP2 MAX UNIT
Low-level output voltage Input clamp voltage Input current at maximum input voltage High-level input current Low-level input current Short-circuit output current3 Supply current (total) ICCH ICCL
NOTES: 1. For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions for the applicable type. 2. All typical values are at VCC = 5V, Tamb 25°C. 3. Not more than one output should be shorted at a time. For testing IOS, the use of high-speed test apparatus and/or sample-and-hold techniques are preferable in order to minimize internal heating and more accurately reflect operational values. Otherwise, prolonged shorting of a High output may raise the chip temperature well above normal and thereby cause invalid readings in other parameter tests. In any sequence of parameter tests, IOS tests should be performed last.
LIMITS SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITION VCC = +5.0V Tamb = 500 MIN tPLH tPHL Propagation delay Dna, Dnb, Dnc, Dnd to Qn Waveform 2.0 1.5 TYP 4.0 3.0 MAX 6.0 5.0 VCC ± 10% Tamb = 500 MIN 1.5 1.0 MAX 5.5 ns UNIT
Waveform 1. Propagation Delay for Inverting Outputs NOTE: For all waveforms, = 1.5V.
VCC NEGATIVE PULSE VIN PULSE GENERATOR RT D.U.T. VOUT VM 10% tTHL (tf VM 10% tTLH (tr 0V 90% AMP (V)
Test Circuit for Totem-Pole Outputs DEFINITIONS: RL = Load resistor; see AC electrical characteristics for value. CL = Load capacitance includes jig and probe capacitance; see AC electrical characteristics for value. RT = Termination resistance should be equal to ZOUT of pulse generators.
Input Pulse Definition INPUT PULSE REQUIREMENTS family amplitude 3.0V 1.5V rep. rate tw 500ns tTLH 2.5ns tTHL 2.5ns


text:
Senior Botanist, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
The ecology of plants has been Dennis Whigham's primary interest and his research has resulted in journeys through forests, fields and wetlands around the world. Explorations have lead to studies of woodland herbs – including orchids, vines, wetland species, invasive species and studies of forests in the tropics, temperate and boreal zones. In recent years, studies of interactions between orchids and fungi have lead in new and exciting directions. Whigham's current focus is on wetlands, including the role of wetlands associated with juvenile salmon habitat in Alaska; the rarest terrestrial orchid in eastern North America; and invasive species.


Mt. Mithridat
Mithrdates VI, the Great king of Pontus 120-63, defended his kingdom most successfully against the Romans until he was betrayed by one of his sons. The first archeological museum of Kerch, stylized as a Greek temple with artefacts piled around it, sat atop Mt. Mithridates; the West European powers raided the museum during the Crimean War.


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Why Did We Change Our Curriculum?
Starting in the fall of 1993, Juniata's chemistry department launched a curricular experiment which is, to our knowledge, unique in the nation. The change came after many years of dissatisfaction with the traditional freshman and sophomore chemistry courses and after several years of discussion, research, and soul-searching within the faculty. The dissatisfactions included: