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Rewriting PTR salinity, alkalinity, chemical toxicity and drainage based on the wrb-standard
Review of available information in the SGDBE
In the SGDBE, the attribute WR gives information about the water regime of the STU following 4 classes. This attribute gives information about the duration and the depth where the soil is saturated by water during the year. The relation between the values of this attribute and the drainage classes used for CGMS is given in Table 4-21. The class 4 of WR is corresponding to the VP (very poorly drained) class used in CGMS. But for the other classes of WR, there are several CGMS classes that correspond. For these WR classes, it is necessary to use other information to choose which CGMS class corresponds. To do so, the information from the soil name (FAO85- FULL, FAO90-FULL and WRB-FULL) and the agricultural limitations (AGLIM1, AGLIM2) will be used. These attributes will also be used when WR is not given (that is the case for all the data coming from the Digital Soil Map of the World).
The current CGMS rule for drainage class on the part of the SGDBE where soil names were given in the FAO-UNESCO 1974 legend is evaluated. Note that not each individual record is compared separately. First, all records of the CGMS rule have been applied. Thus, for example, not all Gleysols will receive value 'P'; only the STUs that have not been assigned 'W' or 'VP' because of a drained or flooded phase.
For each occurrence of the rule, the values taken by the WR attribute (except when WR = 0) were counted (Table 4-22). Some occurrences show a good correlation with WR:
- with a good estimation (in bold): for Gleysols, gleyic soils, Podzoluvisols, Arenosols and coarse-textured soils;
- with a bad estimation (in light grey): for Histosols, Placic Podzols, Plinthic Acrisols, Stagnic soils, Humic Podzols, Albic Luvisols, Orthic Greyzems and Vertisols.
The occurrences using the phase are generally dispatched in several WR classes. This result is not surprising because phases are generally not well defined. Moreover, the use of phases was very heterogeneous from one country to another.
Some soil types have more or less a high variability in their water regime:
- for Planosols, the water regime is mainly between 2 and 3;
- for Fluvisols, the water regime is mainly 1, but could be 2 or 3.
In the FAO-UNESCO 1974 legend, the water regime of soils is described by:
- hydromorphic properties;
- aridic moisture regime;
- presence of an albic E horizon overlying a slowly permeable horizon;
- presence of a sulphuric horizon or sulphidic materials (see 4.4).
The different soil names for which one or more of these characteristics are present, or are not allowed, are listed in Table 4-23.
Hydromorphic properties mark soils showing one or more of the following properties:
- saturation by groundwater;
- occurrence of a Histic H horizon;
- dominant hues that are neutral N, or bluer than 10Y;
- saturation with water at some periods of the year, or artificially drained, with evidence of
reduction processes or of reduction and segregation of iron reflected by different criteria
like for example:
- in Podzols, the presence of a duripan or a thin iron pan;
- in soils having an argillic horizon, iron-manganese concretions larger than 2 mm;
- in Ferralsols, plinthite that forms a continuous phase within 30 cm.
For some soil groups, the presence of hydromorphic properties was not defined because it was not possible to separate them at the scale of the Soil Map of the World. It is the case for Fluvisols, Regosols, Luvic Kastanozems, Luvic Chernozems and Nitosols. In the Soil Map of the European Communities (CEC, 1985), several subdivisions were added:
- showing hydromorphic properties:
- within 50 cm from the soil surface: Gleyo-eutric, Gleyo-calcaric and Gleyo-dystric Fluvisols,
- related to surface water stagnation during most of the year: Stagno-eutric, Stagno-Calcaric Stagno-dystric Gleysols, Stagno-gleyic Cambisols, Stagno-gleyic Luvisols, Stagnogleyic Podzoluvisols, Stagno-gleyic Podzols.
- having a thin iron pan: Placi-dystric Histosols.
If the soil name can give information about the presence of hydromorphic properties and their depth of appearance, it gives no information about the duration of the saturation by water periods.
In the Digital Soil Map of the World, there is a rule for drainage estimation based on FAO soil name, topsoil texture, slope and phases (Table 4-24). The estimation gives a repartition in % to each drainage class that enables calculation of areas.
The FAO rule for drainage class on the part of the SGDBE where soil names were given in the FAO-UNESCO 1974 legend was evaluated. For each occurrence of the rule, the values taken by the WR attribute (except when WR = 0) were counted (Table 4-25). All the occurrences for which we have WR values show a good correlation with WR:
- with a good estimation (in bold)
- with a bad estimation (in light grey): An estimation is considered as bad if the dominant FAO drainage class doesn't correspond to the WR value, or if there are two classes having equal percentage, even if one corresponds to the WR value.
Topsoil texture, slope and phase don't show an impact on WR values.
In the FAO-UNESCO 1990 legend, the water regime of soils is described by:
- gleyic properties;
- stagnic properties;
- presence of an E horizon abruptly overlying a slowly permeable horizon;
- presence of a sulphuric horizon or sulphidic materials (see 4.4);
- well drained;
- imperfect to very poor drainage;
- very poor drainage or undrained.
The different soil names for which one or more of these characteristics are present or are not allowed, are listed in Table 4-26.
Gleyic and stagnic properties refer to soil material which is saturated with water at some periods of the year, or throughout the year, in most years, and which show evidence of reduction processes or of reduction and segregation of iron. Gleyic properties are related to saturation by groundwater. Stagnic properties are related to saturation by surface water within 50 cm.
In WRB the water regime is described by:
- Gleysols: soils having gleyic properties within 50 cm from the soil surface;
- Planosols: soils having an eluvial horizon, the lower boundary of which is marked, within 100 cm from the soil surface, by an abrupt textural change associated with stagnic properies above that boundary;
- Histosols: soils having:
- a folic horizon which one of its characteristics is to have water saturation for less than one month in most years;
- or a histic horizon which one of its characteristics is to have water saturation for at least one month in most years;
- Gelistagnic soils present a temporary water saturation at the surface caused by a frozen
- Gleyic soils are soils having gleyic properties within 100 cm from the soil surface. Two specifiers
can be used:
- endogleyic: soils having gleyic properties between 50 and 100 cm from the soil surface;
- epigleyic: soils having gleyic properties within 50 cm from the soil surface.
- Oxyaquic Cryosols: Cryosols saturated with water during the thawing period and lacking redoximorphic features within 100 cm from the soil surface;
- Planic soils are soils having an eluvial horizon abruptly overlying a slowly permeable horizon within 100 cm from the soil surface;
- Rheic Histosols: Histosols having a water regime conditioned by surface water;
- Stagnic soils are soils having stagnic properties within 50 cm from the soil surface;
- Endostagnic soils are soils having stagnic properties between 50 and 100 cm from the soil surface.
Gleyic properties refer to soil materials which are, at least temporarily, completely saturated with groundwater for a period that allows reducing conditions to occur and show a gleyic colour pattern. Stagnic properties refer to soil materials which are completely saturated with surface water for a period long enough to allow reducing conditions to occur and show a stagnic colour pattern.
Attributes AGLIM1 and AGLIM2
Several phases are related with the water regime of the soils: drained, fragipan, flooded, phreatic. The drained phase has no definition, and becomes 'excessively drained' in the Instructions guide for version 4.0. When looking at the STUs having a dominant phase drained, all the values for WR are represented; the values 1, 2 and 3 are representing each of them around 30% of these ST


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Poetry and Ann Bradstreet
For Lesson Notes (1-7) and for Lesson Completion (8-13)
Part One (To complete upon viewing the ppt. presentation)
1) Based on what we know about the Puritans and how they viewed worldly objects and creative expression, why would it seem ironic that there are several among them who remain influential poets today? It would seem ironic because they had left few personal belongings behind them, but puritans confined within their culture so they can have a personal attachment.
2) A. Identify two similarities in the lives of Edward Taylor and Ann Bradstreet. B. Identify one to two key differences in their lives. Two similarities are they came with Puritans upbringing and they had hard …show more content…
12) Do the vocabulary words we have noted – recompense, manifold, persevere – in your opinion, reference her strong feelings about heaven or her strong feelings about the natural world? Be sure to explain your answer and reference the poem when explaining this. I Think It does because In these lines it shows how deeply she feels and her personal connection. Its showing how much love and life means to her.
13) Nor ought but love from thee, give recompense.
14) Thy love is such I can no way repay,
15) The heavens reward thee manifold, I pray.
16) Then while we live, in love let's so persevere
17) That when we live no more, we may live ever. "
18) Knowing they are both Christians, what similarities can you pin point in the Christian beliefs of Edward Taylor and Ann Bradstreet? Use their poems as your example. Some Pin points that I can point out is in both they are calling on god for help and feeling like something is on their backs and they trying to let themselves know

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
|Home||<< 1 >>|
Aura Hernandez-Sabate, Meritxell Joanpere, Nuria Gorgorio, & Lluis Albarracin. (2015). Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a Tower Defense Game. IJSG - International Journal of Serious Games, 57–71.
Abstract: A qualitative research study is presented herein with the purpose of identifying mathematics learning opportunities in students between 10 and 12 years old while playing a commercial version of a Tower Defense game. These learning opportunities are understood as mathematicisable moments of the game and involve the establishment of relationships between the game and mathematical problem solving. Based on the analysis of these mathematicisable moments, we conclude that the game can promote problem-solving processes and learning opportunities that can be associated with different mathematical contents that appears in mathematics curricula, thought it seems that teacher or new game elements might be needed to facilitate the processes.
Keywords: Tower Defense game; learning opportunities; mathematics; problem solving; game design


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In general, if the water you're using tastes good then it will produce good beer. Style-wise I don't think that it makes much difference, and by using the same water you're eliminating one variable.
The main concerns you have with water are:
- Mineral content
- Chemical content
Yeast require some minerals to reproduce and be healthy; since distilled water removes all minerals then you would need to add a nutrient supplement if you're using distilled water. On the inverse, well water may be high in minerals you don't want.
If you're using city water then the added chemicals may be of concern; using a carbon filter will remove many of these and is highly advisable if your water has a strong chemical odor or flavor, or isn't clear (fill your bathtub with clear water; if the water is tinted then it's likely chemicals).
Overall though, you should choose a baseline water source and stick with it. If you advance to the point of wanting to tweak your water, then you're entering into the organic chemistry realm and getting pretty far up the ladder in terms of advanced brewing.


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Financial and time aspects of Rent-to-own to landlords
- Have a good understanding of all your cost associated with Rent-to-own.
- Have a common knowledge about costs related to property purchase in the UK.
There are the following savings for landlords using Rent-to-own:
>> Let's focus first on time.
The joint venturer fully manages the property, so the landlord spends a second worrying about property management. In reality, the tenant buyers mentality is that they own the property, so to be fair, there is relatively little control to be carried out. So for landlords, it doesn't cost anything, it doesn't take any time, and it is not the landlord's responsibility. Maintenance - it does include time and money. Both are the joint venturer responsibility. But again, the tenant-buyer mentality is the owners, so they look after their house, and they in most situations carry out some work themselves. However, obvious legal requirements like gas and electricity certificates, Energy Performance Certificate etc., are done by the joint venturer. So for landlords, it doesn't cost anything, it doesn't take any time, and it is not the landlord's responsibility. Rent collection - rent is paid by the joint venturer, so any delays or missed payments by the tenant don't affect the landlord—no time spent chasing tenants for money. The joint venturer sets up the standing order to transfer the rent to the landlord on a set date every month.
>> Savings on money.
No management, so no letting agent fees. That's a savings of, usually, 10% plus VAT. So with the rent of £1000 a month it is £120 a month, so £4320 in 3 years. No maintenance. It is difficult to calculate precisely but let's say that each landlord spends at least £700 annually for minor maintenance together with required certificates. It is £2100 per three years. Potential Tax Savings. Because of the long term rent structure connected with the sale, each landlord can move some of the rent to be included in the sale price. Then there is a Capital Gain Tax instead of income tax and therefore no National Insurance Contribution and lower tax rate with delayed tax to pay. Its various but potential savings in three years will reach thousands of £.


text:
Is play essential? What does it mean to learn through play? What can adults learn about children and their ideas, interests and identities by observing and documenting their free play?
Now more than ever, essentializing play in and out of schools is critical.
Join Remake Learning and guest play expert, Hatch, to learn more about the benefits of play for children and to allow Hatch to spark your playfulness and initiate your play prioritization journey.


NCSF on Twitter Subscribe to the NCSF RSS Feed NCSF Blog
Displaying items by tag: SM
University-approved SM groups serve an important function by providing necessary safe sex education for students. SM is recognized as a normal form of sexual expression and is practiced routinely by approximately 1 in 10 adults in the U.S. To serve these millions of people, there are over 500 educational and social SM groups in the U.S. alone teaching adults about safe, sane and consensual sexual expression.
SM is not assault. SM does not involve inflicting unwanted, offensive or fearful activities on an individual. People who engage in SM activities do so willingly and consensually and they can stop the activities at any time. This is similar to the behavior that is involved in many sporting activities such as Iowa State's Boxing Club or football team.
Regarding assault, Iowa State Criminal Code Section 708.1 states:
Cuffs workshops are voluntary and by definition cannot be criminal. "Case law in Iowa does not explicitly define SM activities as crimes or assault; they're simply not offered any special protection under the law," states Susan Wright, Spokesperson for NCSF. "The current controversy over Cuffs has arisen simply because SM involves sexual behavior."
Published in NCSF in the News!
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Top 10 sysadmin issues and how to fix
Jul 01
Top 10 sysadmin issues and how to fix them
 - Monday 01 July 2019
SYSADMIN ISSUES and how to fix'em
Sysadmins are only as good as their knowledge. But often, stressful work environments can interfere with their performance, leaving them oblivious: scrambling to fix things without having a clear idea of the issues at hand.
This handbook has been designed to identify the issues sysadmins regularly face and how to troubleshoot them. It also aims to take away the pressures of sysadmins with readily available solutions to general IT problems.
Here are the top ten problems and how to fix them:
1. Clustering
Connecting two or more computers to improve network efficiency and performance: Clustering is used for parallel processing applications for businesses to get a good ROI from PC and laptops.
However, many networks fall prey to poor cluster design which is a result of 'unwell' cluster nodes. This brings a host of problems including slow performance, the sloppy response from exit program, inability to start or restart a cluster node, among others.
Troubleshooting clustering:
Run a diagnostic check on your network to see if you are applying the right resource combination to carry out the system load. Consequently, identify and isolate cluster nodes that are taking too long for completing the command.
2. Unplanned web downtime
Since smooth functioning of the website is key to the business survival, breakdown of web servers can have a lasting impact. Sysadmins need to get the website up and running in no time.
Troubleshooting web servers:
Check if the DHCP (The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server is enabled. There might be a possibility the end device may be configured to static address as opposed to DHCP. Ensure web servers are pointed to the correct DNS (Domain Name Services) server.
3. WSUS update/ Windows update problem
Patches and updates need to work properly with the existing system in order to keep it secured. WSUS (Windows Server Update Services) was developed to update patches from one place which ended up being a nightmare for sysadmins.
WSUS problems:
 - Showing systems were fully patched but in reality, the updates never happened. As a result, they are missing patches that date back several years.
 - Patches with bugs not allowed by WSUS, leaving systems variable to threats.
 - WSUS does not show the history of patches applied which makes the work harder for sysadmins.
Troubleshooting patches:
Automatically patch Windows and third-party applications using Pulseway's Patch Management Module. Scan, install and update all your systems and on-demand or schedule them to be updated on particular dates and intervals. Learn more.
4. Incorrect VLAN assignment
Virtual LAN (Local Area Network) splits-up the network for better traffic management. This happens only when each switch port is assigned to the correct VLAN.
If they are not properly configured, users will move to the wrong VLAN. This is the reason sysadmins deal with issues like network devices inaccessibility to switch ports, failed attempts at device registration, inability to connect the device with key servers, etc.
Troubleshooting incorrect VLAN assignment:
Test the switch port to verify the device has the correct IP address. Use a VLAN tag to check which VLAN is configured on that port and accordingly make the changes.
Avoid incorrect VLAN configuration with documentation. Often, the lack of communication is the reason why VLAN is assigned to the wrong port. For instance, without documentation, sysadmins would never know that specific ports need to be reconfigured in order to be compatible with new services.
5. Group policy enforcement
Group policy decides the configuration and deployment of everything in your Active Directory structure. Many sysadmins spend considerable time trying to enforce these group policies. It may be due to a lack of clarity on the organizational structure or clients using third-party DNS servers.
Troubleshooting group policy enforcement:
Link the GPO (Group Policy Object) to the organization unit (OU) when configuring computer side settings. Additionally, use PowerShell scripts to ensure GPO links work properly.
Next, remove authentic users from security filtering and replace it with your group to apply your subset of objects.
6. Printing problems
Every sysadmin worth their soul would tell you how troublesome managing print servers are. Pending print jobs on active printers is a common issue.
Troubleshooting print servers:
Here are a few steps to get your print servers up and running:
Step 1 - Find out if one user is facing printing problems or is it across the board.
Step 2 - If the problem is exclusive to one user, check if the endpoint is correctly mapped to the print server. Else, the network between clients and printer may be faulty.
Step 3 – Save time by automation. Use Group Policy for effortless print deployments and notification settings.
7. IP address conflict
By default, one IP address is assigned per device on a network at any point of time. But sometimes, two devices are assigned the same IP address disallowing users to access the network. Your router's default DHCP configuration is the culprit here.
Troubleshooting IP address conflict:
Reconfigure the router to assign DHCP addresses to the top end of your subnet, excluding the static IP addresses from the pool.
8. DNS problems
DNS failure blocks access to the internet and other key applications. The reason is packet losses due to faulty DNS server configuration. The client PC is unable to resolve the server name with the IP address of that server, resulting in a failed connection request.
Troubleshooting DNS problems:
Workstations might be configured to use their DNS server, creating a DNS walkthrough to your ISPs servers, overloading the router for highly active networks. Change the client's DHCP settings to directly access their DNS servers.
9. Connection drops
'My Wi-Fi is not working' — the one phrase sysadmins are bombarded with routinely. Dropping Wi-Fi connection once in a blue moon is nothing serious. The problem is when it keeps repeating.
Troubleshooting connection drops:
Switch to a less congested router channel. Use Netspot for iOS and Windows and Wi-Fi analyzer apps for Android devices. It will diagnose the Wi-Fi network and show you more stable channels.
10. Users: The toughest challenge for sysadmins
Sysadmins need to work without impacting users. It's like changing the tires of the race car at a Formula one pitstop. Mechanics need to fix the car in seconds without disturbing the concentration of the driver. But unlike the pit crew, sysadmins are operating on multiple issues at random hours, making it difficult to work around users' needs. And the truth be told, this is unlikely to change.
The key for running everything smoothly is well-established communication between sysadmins and users, where the so-called protocols in the event of a system shutdown could be established. This brings users and sysadmins on the same page, leading to better cooperation.
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ANU astronomer is first Australian to win major US award
23 January 2020
ANU Professor Lisa Kewley has transformed our understanding of the early years of the Universe, the development of galaxies, and what happens when they collide.
For her pioneering investigations across theory, modelling and observation, she will receive the US National Academy of Science's biennial James Craig Watson Medal in Washington DC.
"At school I thought physics would be too hard. At university they said there's a lot of maths," Professor Kewley said.
Professor Kewley is Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3D (ASTRO 3D) and ARC Laureate Fellow at the ANU Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics. She is the first person in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere to be awarded the James Craig Watson Medal.
In awarding Professor Kewley the Medal, the Academy recognised the global impact of her research on our understanding of how galaxies have formed and evolved over the past 12 billion years.
"Now we understand how to make a computer model of the impact of star formation and supermassive black holes on their host galaxies," she said.
"We can run the model forward and see how we expect galaxies to evolve, and we can go backwards and see how galaxies like the Milky Way formed, shortly after the epoch of reionisation, when the early Universe lit up."
Professor Kewley said astronomy is in the midst of a golden era.
"Early in my career I benefited from the Hubble Space Telescope and the 10-metre Keck telescopes in Hawaii," she said.
"Students starting today are going to have access to amazing new telescopes including the James Webb Space Telescope, massive new optical telescopes in Chile and the Square Kilometre Array in Australia and South Africa.
"We're going to require astronomers, engineers, data experts and artificial intelligence to use these new instruments, taking us back to the moment of the Big Bang, finding new planets and more."
During her career, Professor Kewley has made fundamental contributions to the study of galaxy collisions, cosmic chemical abundances, galaxy energetics, and the star-formation history of galaxies.
Her widely cited papers cover the development of theoretical models to identify the power sources of galaxies, deriving the first star-formation rate calibration to correct for chemical abundance, revealing the distribution of oxygen abundances left behind by colliding galaxies, showing that low-ionisation nuclear emission-line regions are powered by super-massive black holes, and measuring the oxygen history of the universe.
"I am deeply honoured to have been awarded the James Craig Watson Medal," Professor Kewley said.
"It speaks to the strength of astronomy in Australia. In pursuing my academic passion, I have been fortunate to be able to collaborate with many talented and insightful scientists. I am also grateful that my work has been supported by The Australian National University, by ASTRO 3D, and by funding bodies such as the Australian Research Council."
Professor Kewley is currently researching the oxygen history of galaxies like the Milky Way.
ANU Vice-Chancellor Professor Brian Schmidt said the award is highly-deserved recognition of Lisa's stellar research and the incredible contributions she has made to our understanding of the Universe.
"Here at ANU, we push the boundaries of what is known every day," said Professor Schmidt, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2011 and supported Professor Kewley's nomination.
"This includes our place in the Universe. The work of Lisa and her colleagues position Australia as a world-leading centre for astronomy. I congratulate Lisa on this richly-deserved recognition."
Named after American-Canadian nineteenth century astronomer James Craig Watson, the award has been presented every two years since 1887 "for outstanding contributions to the science of astronomy". It comprises a $US25,000 personal endowment, $US50,000 for research support and a gold-plated bronze medal.


text:
You don't need a giant, environment-wrecking dam to capture the energy of a river. That's the premise Free Flow Power is trying to build its business on, and the company said it now has a project up and running on the Mississippi River that it believes demonstrates the potential of hydrokinetic generation.
Free Flow's low-key announcement – picked up by media in Boston, where the company has one of three U.S. offices – said it began operating the turbine on June 20 at Plaquemine, La., just south of Baton Rouge. So far, so good, the company said. "The equipment is handling the Mississippi River conditions without power interruptions or degradation," noted Ed Lovelace, Free Flow chief technology officer.
Free Flow said the turbine is installed on a research surface platform that includes monitoring equipment that measures stream velocity, electrical current and voltage. "Performance to date has been consistent with our design predictions, which makes it very competitive with published data on similar devices being developed around the world," Lovelace said.
A big issue unaddressed in Free Flow's announcement is the environmental impact of its submergible turbine, which, as shown in the picture above, looks like a giant airplane jet engine. Despite creating clean power, large-scale, conventional hydropower – AKA, dams – is frowned upon by environmentalists due to its profound impact on river ecology. But there's hope for smaller-scale hydrokinetic technology: Last fall we wrote about a turbine installed on the Yukon River near the village of Eagle, Alaska, that was apparently living up to its claim of being low-impact.
On its website, Free Flow says it has has permits for more than two dozen projects on the lower Mississippi River between Kentucky and Louisiana that it's seeking licensing on. Those projects would generate 3,303 megawatts, the company said. An additional 43 projects in the preliminary permitting stage could produce up to 5,371 MW.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


Wednesday, February 13, 2013
Android FaceDetection
How could a book application interact with facial detection?
If Harry Potter has taught me anything, it is that any book can conceal a rotten core of evil, or a path to enlightenment. And yes, your typical book will not communicate by talking, or bleeding...
On the other hand, I've been experimenting with the FaceDetection capabilities which Android ICS introduced. A front facing camera can take a snapshot, say, each time you advance a page while you are reading. FaceDetection can do several things; for instance, count faces, track eyes and mouthes to see who is smiling, and register when a reader is new.
So the book can recognize the audience, as a proxy for the author. Consider this: as you are reading a book, it could refuse to go to the next page until you shared the text with another set of eyes. Perhaps more useful, a book app could track progress for a number of readers, based on their faces.
Wheels within wheels - well we're at it, the more I work with Firefox OS and Gaia, the more I want to use it as a platform to build a more interactive ePub reader, leveraging the Web Activity model. See below. Think books which can talk to each other using Web Activity sharing.
The thing is, FacialDetection may be easily fooled by a photograph... Might not be as secure as exchanging secure tokens, but once an application has authenticated that token, it can remain authenticated until the status of the detected face or faces changes, based on periodic snapshots.
Once authenticated with a single face, an app could drop authentication when this face goes away or a face is added. As long as your face is associated with a secure token, and your face does not change, this should be satisfactory to maintain authentication.
What are some ways a book app could interact differently if it could recognize its audience?
Tom Riddle me this.


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The equipment is developed by Dolang for basic sensor training. Which is an open system with aflexible mode, modular structure suit for vocation college or universities.
1. power: Input AC220V±10%（1 phase 3 wire）
2. Rated power:less than 1KVA
3. Turn source:0～200 r/min（adjustable）
1. Use of Photoelectric sensor.
2. Capacitive sensor experiment.
3. Use of Inductive sensor.
4. Use of Capacitive proximity sensor experiment
5. Use of Inductive proximity sensor experiment
6. Use of Electromagnetic proximity sensor
7. Use of PT100 temperature detection
8. Practive Motor speed test


How to Color and Style the Console Output
Symfony 6.0 is backed by SensioLabs.
How to Color and Style the Console Output
By using colors in the command output, you can distinguish different types of output (e.g. important messages, titles, comments, etc.).
By default, the Windows command console doesn't support output coloring. The Console component disables output coloring for Windows systems, but if your commands invoke other scripts which emit color sequences, they will be wrongly displayed as raw escape characters. Install the Cmder, ConEmu, ANSICON, Mintty (used by default in GitBash and Cygwin) or Hyper free applications to add coloring support to your Windows command console.
Using Color Styles
Whenever you output text, you can surround the text with tags to color its output. For example:
// green text
// yellow text
// black text on a cyan background
// white text on a red background
The closing tag can be replaced by , which revokes all formatting options established by the last opened tag.
It is possible to define your own styles using the Symfony\Component\Console\Formatter\OutputFormatterStyle class:
use Symfony\Component\Console\Formatter\OutputFormatterStyle;
//...
$outputStyle = new OutputFormatterStyle('red', '_TAG_', ['bold', 'blink']);
$output->getFormatter()->setStyle('fire', $outputStyle);
Any hex color is supported for foreground and background colors. Besides that, these named colors are supported: black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white, gray, bright-red, bright-green, bright-yellow, bright-blue, bright-magenta, bright-cyan and bright-white.
If the terminal doesn't support true colors, the nearest named color is used. E.g. _TAG_ is degraded to red or _TAG_ is degraded to yellow.
And available options are: bold, underscore, blink, reverse (enables the "reverse video" mode where the background and foreground colors are swapped) and conceal (sets the foreground color to transparent, making the typed text invisible - although it can be selected and copied; this option is commonly used when asking the user to type sensitive information).
You can also set these colors and options directly inside the tag name:
// green text
// red text
// black text on a cyan background
// bold text on a yellow background
// bold text with underscore
If you need to render a tag literally, escape it with a backslash: \ or use the escape() method to escape all the tags included in the given string.


How Do You Make Swelling Go Down Fast?
How long does it take for swelling to go down?
What naturally reduces swelling?
What to eat to reduce swelling in feet?
Magnesium-rich foods (tofu, spinach, cashews) Magnesium deficiency causes water retention in the body. Therefore, when you are suffering from swollen feet, eat magnesium-rich foods. These include tofu, spinach, cashews, almonds, dark chocolate, broccoli and avocados.
Does ibuprofen help with swelling?
Should I heat or ice first?
Is swelling a sign of healing?
Swelling. Swelling is a sign that your immune system is repairing your wound. The blood vessels widen to ease blood flow and send oxygen, vitamins, and minerals to your injury.
Does ice reduce swelling after 24 hours?
Icing is most effective in the immediate time period following an injury. 1 The effect of icing diminishes significantly after about 48 hours. In an effort to reduce swelling and minimize inflammation, try to get the ice applied as soon as possible after the injury.
What medicine stops swelling?
What causes whole body swelling?
Edema occurs when tiny blood vessels in your body (capillaries) leak fluid. The fluid builds up in surrounding tissues, leading to swelling. Mild cases of edema may result from: Sitting or staying in one position for too long.
Can I leave an ice pack on overnight?
Is apple cider vinegar good for swelling?
What happens if you ice too long?
How do you reduce swelling without ice?
Is heat or cold better for swelling?
Does ice reduce swelling?
How long does it take for swelling to go down with ice?
How do I reduce swelling?
Does swelling get worse before it gets better?
Is swelling good for healing?
Swelling isn't good for us all the time. It initially helps by recruiting healing factors that accelerate how quickly cells migrate to the site of injury – but swelling is also bad because it destructs and distends the tissues, and distorts the anatomy.
Does heat help swelling go down?
Using the ice helps to narrow blood vessels and keeps swelling down. People who often exercise should use ice after working out, not heat. Ice will help reduce any swelling from a grueling workout routine. Heat, on the other hand, can increase swelling and prevent muscles from healing.
What kind of tea reduces swelling?


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How much funding has been lost by services since US President Trump re-introduced and expanded the Global Gag Rule?
It is still too early – and perhaps may never be possible – to tell exactly how much funding has been lost since the Global Gag Rule was reintroduced at the start of 2017. The new Global Gag Rule has been dramatically expanded and now applies to all Global Health Funding going to non-US NGOs. Projections indicate that at least 1,275 foreign NGOs could be subject to the terms of the expanded Global Gag Rule. Together they received approximately $ 2.2 billion per year. The impact is complicated: some organisations have lost funds directly, others have spent money making hefty changes to the way they deliver services; and there are many examples of the "chilling effect" and distortion of services which are hard to cost. Several researchers are trying to calculate the impact and there is no clear answer yet.
Given how significant this gap is, how does SheDecides plan to fill it?
At the pledging conference in 2017 and in the year after, over $450 million additional funding was pledged in the name of SheDecides. The team only monitored pledges for the first year.
The SheDecides strategy has three goals one of which is to "unlock resources". The Movement campaigns hard to continue unlocking resources from Governments, foundations and individuals to help create a world in which SheDecides without question.
Does SheDecides have specific fundraising targets?
No. SheDecides is not a fund or funding mechanism and does not aim to raise funds directly. The needs are different everywhere and so the Movement focuses on unlocking resources to deliver the vision of the manifesto: a world in which SheDecides, without question.
If the Global Gag Rule is lifted, will SheDecides continue to exist? And if so, will you continue to try and unlock additional resources?
Absolutely! Although all Friends and Champions of SheDecides are very much looking forward to the day that the Global Gag Rule is overturned, the Movement has since become about much more than that. It is a comprehensive vision of all of the rights that are essential for a woman to decide about her body. It is also important to remember that the information and services needed for women and girls to decide have been seriously underfunded, even before the GGR came along. Read about the vision of SheDecides here.
Who attended the pledging conference in 2017?
Some 450 participants attended the conference on 2 March. Among them were representatives of 53 countries, including 18 ministers and 13 senior staff from headquarter level. From all around the world charitable foundations, parliamentarians, youth leaders, NGOs, academics and private sector representatives attended.
What does it exactly mean that funds are additional?
The pledges listed here reflect funds that had not yet already been budgeted for (by donors) when SheDecides emerged. The money that was pledged comes on top of the - often large - investment that the pledgers are already making to create a world where SheDecides. In this list you can find links to the work that these pledgers are supporting.
Why is some money shown as unallocated?
Due to the different budgeting systems of individual governments and foundations, pledges covered very different time periods (from one to four years) and not all money has therefore been allocated in full as yet.
What sort of organisations are covered in the 'other' category?
Other organisations include, for example, grants to communications agencies running campaigns to highlight specific issues relating to the rights of women and girls around the world.
How can my organisation access the funds pledged to SheDecides?
SheDecides is not a fund or new funding mechanism. All funds pledged in the name of SheDecides were or will be distributed through existing channels by the donors who have pledged. The SheDecides Support Unit does not hold or distribute any funds.
Why is the support unit not involved in the distribution of funds pledged in the name of SheDecides?
The people who drove the Movement in the beginning were keen to move quickly and for the funds to have maximum impact. They did not want to create an additional layer of bureaucracy by setting up a fund and an organisation to manage the pledges. Creating a fund or new distribution mechanism is extremely costly and there are many other mechanisms to get funds to the organisations and groups that need them. SheDecides is strongly committed to avoiding duplication and to supporting and amplifying the excellent work that is already underway.
Does the SheDecides support unit have any say over how the money managed by Rutgers is allocated?
No. The criteria for allocating the funds raised through crowdfunding can be found on the Rutgers website.
Why isn't SheDecides tracking pledges anymore? What are the difficulties associated with tracking this money?
There are several systems for tracking donor expenditure (e.g. OECD DAC classification, NIDI), using different categories and timelines. None of these have a category that match the full scope of actions needed to achieve the vision of SheDecides (from CSE to safe abortion care, through HIV prevention and gender-based violence services). There is no appetite to create a costly and time-consuming new system and asking the SDSU to do this would not be in line with the strategy set for the SheDecides Movement. Several organisations are currently working on creating one single system that would be used by all to keep better track of the investments in the type of activities that help her decide.
Can you break down the money allocated according to the type of service it was used to fund?
We can to a limited extent. Most funding is either core funding (supporting an organisation) or programme funding (often containing a whole range of services).
How much money has gone to family planning services?
Many organisations deliver integrated services. Most funding provided was either core funding or programme funding for a wide range of services. It is therefore impossible to provide an accurate breakdown of precisely how much money has been spent on a specific type of service.
Does the money pledged in the name of SheDecides only go to provide abortion services?
No. Money pledged has been allocated to a wide range of organisations and services dedicated to all aspects of the health, wellbeing and rights of women and girls. Most organisations integrate safe abortion care in a comprehensive range of services.
How much money has been allocated to local, front-line services?
The money that has gone to NGOs and country programmes has mostly been used for front-line services. The funds going through the UNFPA Supplies programme have also helped to ensure the availability of contraceptives at reduced prices or free of charge, distributed by a broad range of clinics.
What has been the impact of the funds pledged?
Overall the impact is that more people, especially women and girls, could get access to life-saving services such as contraception, HIV prevention, testing and treatment, safe abortion care and comprehensive sexuality education. The exact impact of the work done by the organisations that received money is captured in the reports they publish and those they send to their donors. To understand more about the important work of these organisations, please visit their websites and those of their funders.
Total allocations.
Are the SheDecides Support Unit and staff salaries paid for from pledged funds? And if not, how are they paid for?
No. From May 2017 to November 2018, the Children's Investment Fund Foundation paid for the staff salaries and other costs to set up a small team dedicated to supporting the global Movement. Since December 2018, a small group of donors, including the governments of Belgium and Denmark, have set aside funds to pay for the operating costs so that all money pledged in the name of SheDecides can go to the causes and organisations that need it.


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Natural Immunity Boosters - Healthy Herbal Remedies That Power Up Your Qi (Energy)
Immunity Booster
A healthy immune system is rooted in free-flowing Qi, but what exactly is Qi? In Chinese culture, Qi (pronounced chē) is basically natural energy, "life force" or "flow." This could be considered breath or air, but it is also linked to blood circulation, movement and overall health.
In traditional Chinese theory, good health requires Qi to move unimpeded through what are called meridian systems - or pathways - within the body. The disruption, blockage or weakening of Qi is believed to affect one's immune system. If Qi is weak, which can result from stress, it can stagnate. This can produce toxic heat (inflammation), which is considered unhealthy.
At Balance Blends, we have long studied Chinese Medicine, as well as modern alternative solutions to common health concerns that involve the immune system and the energy that we can feel and physically use. All that knowledge has been carefully considered in the creation of our Force Field formula, which combines the best of both Eastern and Western remedies to tonify, nourish and replenish deficient Qi, so that it flows freely throughout the body.
Other Ways You Can Boost Your Immunity - Naturally
While discovering powerful herbs that can boost your immune system, there are also other solutions to bring you more energy and a healthy life.
 - Eat More Vegetables and Nuts: Want some heathy antioxidants in your life? Being sure to bring in more leafy vegetables and nuts will certainly do the trick. Additionally, you can also replace your sugary snacks with seeds, legumes and fruits. Your immune system will thank you.
 - Don't Skip on Enough sleep: A recent study shows that people who only sleep for six hours or less are way more likely to get sick much more often than those people who set aside at least eight hours of sleep. In fact, some professionals believe that even though 10 hours of sleep was once considered "too much," that it can also be a healthier alternative to six. Some think that they can sleep less for a couple of days and then "catch up" over the weekend. But, it doesn't exactly work that way. Running on little-to-no sleep can wreak real havoc on both the body and mind, which can take much more than a lazy Saturday afternoon to recoup from entirely.
 - Avoid Sugar Whenever Possible: There are a lot of reasons that a person should avoid those sugary snacks and drinks that they crave. However, one of the most important is so that the inflammation in your body can decrease. Treat yourself occasionally, but try to remove sugar as much as possible from your regular diet.
 - Stay Hydrated: Many athletes and regular, everyday people operate under the assumption that energy drinks and sports juices are just the same as drinking water. Unfortunately, the sugar in these drinks can actually dehydrate you even more. However, you should stick to drinking plenty of water. If you don't like the plain taste, then just be sure to add a slice of lemon, or maybe even lime, depending on your preferences. Cucumber water is ideal - especially since cucumbers also help beat hydration.
 - Watch Your Stress Levels - Did you know that stress can also lower your immunity? That's right! Our minds are connected way more closely to our physical bodies than you could possibly imagine. If you're stressed out, or experiencing anxiety and depression, you can actually become physically ill. If you're worried about your stress levels, you may also want to check out Just Breathe capsules from Balance Blends. Additionally, if you're stress is becoming too much for you to cope with on your own, be sure to speak with a mental health professional. Since this can affect so many areas of your life, it's important to be sure that you're doing everything that you can to avoid stressful situations - and people - whenever possible.
Check out our other posts to help boost immunity today!
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Exhibition recognises sugar's Pacific foundation
Updated June 19, 2013 17:21:27
Audio: Queensland Art Gallery curator of Pacific art Ruth McDougall talks about the 'Sugar' exhibition. (ABC Rural)
The earliest days of the sugar industry and its dependence on workers, willing and unwilling, from the Pacific are on show in Brisbane.
Postcards, photographs, music and recorded anecdotes have been pulled together to mark 150 years of Australian South Sea Islander contributions to Queensland.
Ruth McDougall is the Queensland Art Gallery's curator of Pacific art and says some of the postcards in the collection date from the 1870s.
"These were lithographs majorly produced for sending overseas to really promote Queensland as a destination for investors and sugar was a major part of that promotion exercise.
"And you see from those very early images that the South Sea Islanders are right in there, that they are part of the story of sugar from the beginning."
The workers came from islands in Melanesia, including Vanuatu and the Solomons, and from Polynesian and Micronesian islands such as Samoa, Tuvalu and Kiribati.
Ms McDougall says some were contracted to work in Australia but most, including young children, were kidnapped.
"The term that South Sea Islanders use is 'blackbirding'.
"Quite often they were enticed from the beach onto the ships and when they arrived they were adopted and worked as domestics or were taken out to cattle stations to work as well."
Frank Robert Boah, known as Bobby, from Mackay features in one of the recordings which forms part of the exhibition.
He's visited the village where his grandfather was born and heard how he was taken from a reef.
"The ones that were close to shore, they ran away up into the scrub or the forest.
"But me grandfather was too far out and they caught him.
"There's a lot of people don't know, they think we're Aboriginals because of course we're dark.
"But we've got a different history altogether."
Ms McDougall says after Federation in 1901, and the start of the White Australia Policy, all bar 1600 of the South Sea Islanders were deported.
The exhibition called 'Sugar' is running until October 7 in Brisbane.
Topics: sugar, history, immigration, brisbane-4000, pacific
First posted June 19, 2013 10:24:02


text:
Directed Experiential Learning in Ecological Restoration
Also: ES 250
Conducted in relation to work or volunteer activities with a host organization identified by the student and approved by the RNS Academic Administrator or the Director of the School of Environmental Studies. Student engages in application and assessment of methods in ecological restoration. Must include at least 150 hours of applied activities. Assessment typically involves a reflective journal and final paper. Students are responsible for proposing an internship and arranging for a supervising instructor.
- Credit will be granted for only one of ER 250, ES 250.
- May be taken more than once for credit in different topics for a maximum of 3 units.
- Permission of the program.


text:
Often banks need to send large amount of data to outside vendors to perform data analysis. It is safer to mask sensitive data items such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, etc. The following is one approach to securely mask credit card numbers. 1. Generate a random number for each credit card number. 2. Generate a rank for each random number using row_number(). 3. Generate the masked credit card number based on the rank. Step 1. create table tbl_card_w_rand_num as select card_number, dbms_random.random() rnd from tbl_cards; Step 2. Generate the masked credit card numbers based on the rank of random numbers. Keep this table in a safe place.
create table tbl_masked_card_num as with tbl as( select a.*, row_number() over(order by rnd) rnk from tbl_card_w_rand_num a) select a.*, 'A'||lpad( rnk,15,'0') masked_card_num from tbl a;Step 3. Create data using masked_card_num


text:
Skeleton keys are one of the most original forms of keys. Such keys were first created in medieval times. The reason that these keys came to be known as a key that could open all locks is because so many locks had the same form back then. Actually, the only reason a skeleton key works is because the design of the lock is not unique, and so a common form of key can open it. The true "skeleton key" of today is actually the master key, which is designed to open all locks in a particular set.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Blank Key
- Metal Saw
- Vice Grip
- Metal File
- Combination Key Lock to Open
Take the lock that you want to pattern the key after, and place in the vice. Using the screwdriver and hammer, pop the back panel off the lock to get to the locking mechanism.
Taking the second panel off. Using the same method, use the screwdriver and hammer to get the second, thicker plate off the back of the lock. This will be a similar technique to getting the lid off a paint can. Once the lid is off, take the keyhole out of the lock.
Sawing the keyhole is the next step. Place the keyhole in the vice grip. Using the metal saw, make three incisions into the keyhole on each side of the cylindrical shaft. Saw the top, and two sides of the keyhole. This procedure will eliminate the metal casing around the keyhole, revealing the key pattern.
Hold the casing upright in your hand so that the protruding end faces up. Remove the two thinner sides of the casing from the keyhole very carefully. Next remove the protruding bit of casing. Be extremely careful, otherwise loose pieces will go flying all over the room, and you will have to start over with a new lock. The springs should fall away gently. The only thing left visible should be the pins standing on what is left of the keyhole.
Remove the top set of pins from the keyhole, leaving the bottom set. Insert the blank key into the keyhole. This will cause the remaining pins to poke through the top of the keyhole. Take the key out of the lock. Use the metal file to file the blank key until all the pins lay flat across the top of the keyhole. This will make the key fit most locks of a similar size.
Tips and warnings
- An electric metal file will make the filing process go much quicker.
- Be sure to use the kind of lock that you want to open when making your skeleton key, otherwise it probably won't work in the lock you need opened.
- When filing the key, make sure not to file too much. Otherwise the pins will not lay flat on the surface of the lock, and the key will not work.


text:
Moving breakfast from the cafeteria to the classroom may help increase test scores without eating up much instructional time, a new study has found.
The study, published online March 14, is scheduled to appear in a future issue of the peer-refereed Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. For the study, Scott Imberman, an associate economics professor at Michigan State University, and Adriana Kugler, a public policy professor at Georgetown University, analyzed math and reading test results for 6,353 5th graders at 84 schools in a large (200,000-student) high-poverty Southwestern school district that is not named in the article. During the study period in the spring of 2010, the district was in the process of moving its universal, free school breakfast program from the cafeteria to the classroom in order to make it easier for students to eat their morning meal at school.
Some of the schools moved breakfast from the cafeteria to the classroom prior to state exams. For logistical reasons, an otherwise similar set of schools waited until after the testing period had ended.
The researchers found that 5th graders who had the opportunity to eat breakfast in the classroom scored slightly higher in both reading and in math than did students at schools that were still providing the meal in the cafeteria. The differences were the equivalent of moving from the 50th to the 54th percentile in math and from the 50th to the 52nd percentile in reading. The increases were larger for students who were lower-performing, lower-income, and skinnier.
However, Imberman and Kugler found no differences in the classroom grades of students at schools that moved breakfast to the classroom earlier rather than later in the term.
"While this could be due to teachers curving their grades to match the new higher performance of students, this is also consistent with the achievement results being due to improved test performance rather than learning," they write.
Even if in-breakfast classrooms do, indeed, improve test scores without increasing learning, this could still benefit students and schools since schools with low test scores face sanctions under federal and state accountability rules, the researchers note. In the district studied, students who failed the 5th grade tests were also supposed to be retained in grade.
Imberman and Kugler argued that, for these reasons, in-classroom breakfasts are cost-effective interventions since they raise test scores at an added expense of $91 per student, per year. In-classroom breakfast did not cause the cost-per-breakfast to rise. Rather, the increases occurred because the proportion of students who ate breakfast at school grew. A district analysis found that the percent of school breakfast eaters rose from 33 percent to 88 percent. (Nationwide, about half of children who participate in the free or reduced-price lunch program also eat breakfast at school.) One reason for the increase was that schools did more than relocate breakfast. They also rescheduled it from before to after the start of the school day, meaning students no longer needed to arrive early if they wanted breakfast.
Imberman and Kugler noted that a survey conducted by the district they studied found that moving breakfast to the classroom consumed a limited amount of instructional time; 93 percent of principals said the in-classroom breakfast took 15 minutes or less. However, inChicago, Los Angeles and other districts that started serving breakfast in the classroom, teachers have expressed serious concerns about losing out on class time. They have also said that in-classroom breakfasts create messes that attract insects and rodents, especially when schools do not have enough custodians.
Educators and parents also worrythat children who eat breakfast at home may be tempted to eat the meal again in school if it is served in the classroom during the school day, putting them at risk of obesity. After years of increases, childhood obesity rates have leveled off in the past decade to 17 percent of those between the ages of 2 and 19. However, there is also evidence of a growing gap between the obesity rates of youth from higher-income families and those from lower-income families, where children are more likely to be obese as a result of consuming high-calorie, low-cost food.
Imberman and Kugler had no way of knowing whether the policy they studied led children to gain unhealthy amounts of weight because they were doubling up on breakfast. However, in their paper, they cite past research that found that on weekdays when children ate breakfast at school, their total daily food intake was actually lower than it was on weekends, when school meals were unavailable. They also noted that 12 to 35 percent of children skip breakfast entirely each day, a practice that can also increase the risk of obesity because extreme hunger later in the day may lead to overeating.
A version of this news article first appeared in the Inside School Research blog.


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Annual Report 2013
The state of the world's human rights
16 June 2010
Amnesty International has urged other countries to follow Ecuador's example and ratify a new UN mechanism that will provide access to justice for everyone whose economic, social and cultural rights are violated and who is denied an effective remedy in their own countries.
Ecuador is the first country in the world to ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural rights which allows individuals and groups within the country to seek justice from the United Nations should these rights – which include the rights to adequate housing, food, water, health, work, social security and education - be violated by their government.
"Access to justice is an essential right for victims of all human rights violations," said Widney Brown, Amnesty International's Senior Director of International Law and Policy. "We encourage all countries to follow Ecuador's positive example and ratify within the shortest possible time."
The Optional Protocol will enable people denied their human rights to have their complaints heard in front of an independent, international panel of experts. The decisions made by this new mechanism are likely to influence decisions of national and regional courts around the world.
"States that ratify the Optional Protocol will establish a vital tool for people, in particular for those living in poverty, to hold their governments accountable," said Widney Brown. "They should also follow through on this commitment by strengthening national mechanisms for the enforcement of economic, social and cultural rights."
The Optional Protocol was adopted by the UN General Assembly by consensus on December 10 2008 and was opened for ratification in September 2009. The complaint mechanism will become operational after 10 countries ratify the Optional Protocol.
In addition to Ecuador, 31 countries have signed the Optional Protocol, indicating their intention to ratify but ratification is necessary to make the Optional Protocol legally binding. To-date Ecuador is the only country to have ratified the protocol.
Amnesty International is a member of the NGO Coalition for an Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and has been campaigning for the last six years for an Optional Protocol.
The 32 States that have signed the Optional Protocol include: Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bolivia, Chile, Congo, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Italy, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Paraguay, Portugal, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Timor-Leste, Togo, Ukraine and Uruguay.
Economic, social and cultural rights have historically been neglected and given less emphasis than civil and political rights. States agreed at the Vienna World Conference on Human Rights that 'The international community must treat human rights globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same emphasis'. The Optional Protocol is a tangible development towards this end.
Support for the Optional Protocol is part of Amnesty International's Demand Dignity campaign which aims to end the human rights violations that drive and deepen global poverty. The campaign will mobilise people all over the world to demand that governments, corporations and others who have power listen to the voices of those living in poverty and recognise and protect their rights. For more information vist the Demand Dignity website


This image shows views of the Sun and the Earth at two different time periods in history. Going from left to right, top to bottom, you see the Sun as depicted by the Anasazi around 1000 A.D., the Sun as seen from a satellite around 2000 A.D., the Earth as the Islamic artists depicted it around 1000 A.D., and the Earth as viewed from Apollo 11 around 2000 A.D. A lot can change in a thousand years!
Windows to the Universe original image


text:
this fact: see (Stein 1993, p. 139).
- ^ See his proof in the paper Uchiyama 1982.
- ^ When n = 3 or n = 2, Q is respectively a cube or a square, while when n = 1 the domain on integration is a bounded closed interval.
- ^ See the paper Garnett & Jones 1978 for the details.
- ^ An arc in the unit circle T can be defined as the image of a finite interval on the real line ℝ under a continuous function whose codomain is T itself: a simpler, somewhat naive definition can be found in the entry "Arc (geometry)".
- ^ See reference Stein 1993, p. 180.
- ^ See the reference paper by Garnett & Jones 1982 for a comprehensive development of these themes.
- ^ a b See reference Stein 1993, p. 140.
- ^ See reference Stein 1993, p. 197.
- Antman, Stuart (1983), "The influence of elasticity in analysis: modern developments", Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 9 (3): 267–291, doi:10.1090/S0273-0979-1983-15185-6, MR714990, Zbl 0533.73001. A historical paper about the fruitful interaction of elasticity theory and mathematical analysis.
- Nirenberg, Louis (1985), "Commentary on [various papers]", in Moser, Jürgen, Fritz John: Collected Papers Volume 2, Contemporary Mathematicians, Boston–Basel–Stuttgart: Birkhäuser Verlag, pp. 703–710, ISBN 0-8176-3265-4, Zbl 0584.01025
- Fefferman, C. (1971), "Characterizations of bounded mean oscillation", Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 77 (4): 587–588, doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1971-12763-5, MR0280994, Zbl 0229.46051.
- Fefferman, C.; Stein, E.M. (1972), "Hp spaces of several variables", Acta Mathematica 129: 137–193, doi:10.1007/BF02392215, MR0447953, Zbl 0257.46078.
- Folland, G.B. (2001), "Hardy spaces", in Hazewinkel, Michiel, Encyclopaedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-_PHONE_, _URL_
- Garnett, John. B; Jones, Peter W. (September 1978), "The distance in BMO to L∞", Annals of Mathematics, Second Series 108 (2): 373–393, doi:10.2307/_PHONE_, JSTOR _PHONE_, MR0506992, Zbl 0358.26010.
- Garnett, John. B; Jones, Peter W. (1982), "BMO from Dyadic BMO", Pacific Journal of Mathematics 99 (2): 351–371, MR0658065, Zbl 0516.46021, _URL_
- Girela, Daniel (2001), "Analytic functions of bounded mean oscillation", in Aulaskari, Rauno, Complex function spaces, Proceedings of the summer school, Mekrijärvi, Finland, August 30-September 3, 1999, Univ. Joensuu Dept. Math. Rep. Ser., 4, Joensuu: Joensuu University, Department of Mathematics, pp. 61–170, MR1820090, Zbl 0981.30026.
- John, F. (1961), "Rotation and strain", Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 14 (3): 391–413, doi:10.1002/cpa._PHONE_, MR0138225, Zbl 0102.17404.
- John, F.; Nirenberg, L. (1961), "On functions of bounded mean oscillation", Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 14 (3): 415–426, doi:10.1002/cpa._PHONE_, MR131498, Zbl 0102.04302.
- Stein, Elias M. (1993), Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals, Princeton Mathematical Series, 43, Princeton, NJ,: Princeton University Press, pp. xiv+695, ISBN 0-691-03216-5, MR1232192, OCLC 27108521, Zbl 0821.42001, _URL_
- Uchiyama, Akihito (1982), "A constructive proof of the Fefferman-Stein decomposition of BMO(ℝn)", Acta Mathematica 148: 215–241, doi:10.1007/BF02392729, MR0666111, Zbl 0514.46018.
- Wiegerinck, J. (2001), "BMO space", in Hazewinkel, Michiel, Encyclopaedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-_PHONE_, _URL_
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Oscillation (mathematics) — For other uses, see Oscillation (differential equation). Oscillation of a sequence (shown in blue) is the difference between the limit superior and limit inferior of the sequence. In mathematics, oscillation is the behaviour of a sequence of real … Wikipedia
BMO — Bounded Mean Oscillation (Medical) * Before Market Opens (Business » Stock Exchange) * Black Moving Object (Academic & Science » Astronomy) * Battalion Maintenance Officer (Governmental » Military) * Bhamo, Myanmar (Regional » Airport Codes) *… … Abbreviations dictionary
Hardy space — In complex analysis, the Hardy spaces (or Hardy classes) Hp are certain spaces of holomorphic functions on the unit disk or upper half plane. They were introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1923), who named them after G. H. Hardy, because of the… … Wikipedia
Louis Nirenberg — in Jerusalem, 1975 Louis Nirenberg (* 28. Februar 1925 in Hamilton, Ontario) ist ein kanadischer Mathematiker, der vor allem auf dem Gebiet der Partiellen Differentialgleichungen forscht … Deutsch Wikipedia
BMO-Raum — Der BMO Raum ist ein Objekt aus der harmonischen Analysis, einem Teilgebiet der Mathematik. Die Abkürzung BMO steht für „bounded mean oscillation". Der Funktionenraum BMO wurde 1961 von Fritz John und Louis Nirenberg eingeführt. Dieser Raum ist… … Deutsch Wikipedia
List of mathematics articles (B) — NOTOC B B spline B* algebra B* search algorithm B,C,K,W system BA model Ba space Babuška Lax Milgram theorem Baby Monster group Baby step giant step Babylonian mathematics Babylonian numerals Bach tensor Bach s algorithm Bachmann–Howard ordinal… … Wikipedia
Muckenhoupt weights — In mathematics, the class of Muckenhoupt weights Ap consists of those weights ω for which the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on Lp(dω). Specifically, we consider functions f on and their associated maximal functions M(f) defined as… … Wikipedia
Sobolev inequality — In mathematics, there is in mathematical analysis a class of Sobolev inequalities, relating norms including those of Sobolev spaces. These are used to prove the Sobolev embedding theorem, giving inclusions between certain Sobolev spaces, and the… … Wikipedia
List of Banach spaces — In the mathematical field of functional analysis, Banach spaces are among the most important objects of study. In other areas of mathematical analysis, most spaces which arise in practice turn out to be Banach spaces as well. Classical Banach… … Wikipedia
BMO — Cette page d'homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Sigles d'une seule lettre Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres Sigles de quatre lettres … Wikipédia en Français


n.1.A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc.
v. t.1.To form into, or place in, a schedule.
Noun1.Scheduleschedule - a temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to
Synonyms: agenda, docket
2.schedule - an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur
Verb1.schedule - plan for an activity or event; "I've scheduled a concert next week"
2.schedule - make a schedule; plan the time and place for events; "I scheduled an exam for this afternoon"
 3. The term is frequently used instead of inventory.
active list, agenda, allocate, allot, appoint, approach, appropriate to, arrange, arrangement, assign, assign to, attack, batting order, bill, bill of fare, blacklist, blueprint, blueprinting, book, budget, calculate, calculation, calendar, card, carte du jour, cast, catalog, chart, charting, checklist, civil list, conception, concert, contrivance, contrive, cost, cost out, cut out, dedicate, design, destine, detail, device, devise, disburse, disposition, docket, earmark, enroll, enter, enterprise, enumerate, enumeration, envisagement, expend, fate, figure, figuring, file, forecast, foresight, forethought, fork out, frame, game, go through, graphing, ground plan, guidelines, idea, impanel, incur costs, index, intend, intention, inventory, invest, itemization, itemize, items, keep score, lay out, lay plans, layout, line up, lineup, list, list of agenda, listing, long-range plan, lot, make a projection, make arrangements, make assignments, mapping, mark off, mark out for, master plan, menu, method, methodize, methodology, open the purse, operations research, ordain, organization, organize, outlay, outline, pay, pay out, pigeonhole, plan, plan ahead, planning, planning function, playbill, portion off, post, prearrange, prearrangement, procedure, program of action, program of operation, programma, project, prospectus, protocol, put out, rationalization, rationalize, record, register, registry, repertory, reserve, restrict, restrict to, retired list, roll, roll call, roster, run through, schema, schematism, schematization, schematize, scheme, scheme of arrangement, score, set, set apart, set aside, set off, set up, setup, shape, shell out, sick list, sink money in, slate, spend, splurge, squander, strategic plan, strategy, system, systematization, systematize, table, tabulate, tactical plan, tactics, tag, tally, tally sheet, the big picture, the picture, throw money around, time, timetable, way, work out, work up, working plan
Translate Schedule to Spanish, Translate Schedule to German, Translate Schedule to French
Schachter's Hypothesis
Schaffneria nigripes
Schatzki's Ring
-- Schedule --
schedule feeding
scheduled fire
scheduled maintenance
scheduled territories
Scheduling API
Scheduling Application Programming Interface
Scheele's green
Schefflera actinophylla


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On February 9, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) released an announcement about updates that postsecondary institutions must make to their cybersecurity and data protection policies in order to comply with the Federal Trade Commission's amended Standards for Safeguarding Customer Information (Safeguards Rule), a component of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA). The effective date for most of the changes to the Safeguards Rule is June 9, 2023. The announcement provides a summary of the changes to the Safeguards Rule, explains the impacts of the changes on postsecondary institutions, and describes changes to ED's enforcement of the GLBA requirements.
As background, and as discussed here, the Safeguards Rule requires nonbanking financial institutions to develop, implement, and maintain a comprehensive information security program to keep their customers' information safe. The amended Safeguards Rule requires more specific criteria for what safeguards financial institutions must implement as part of their information security programs. Title IV schools that have agreed to participate in federal student financial aid programs must comply with the Safeguards Rule to protect student financial aid information.
Notably, the Safeguards Rule uses the terms "customer" and "customer information." For a postsecondary institution, customer information is information obtained when providing a financial service to a student (past or present). According ED's announcement, institutions provide a financial service when they, among other things; make institutional loans, including income share agreements; or certify or service a private education loan on behalf of a student. The inclusion of income share agreements to the announcement is consistent with ED's prior statement that income share agreements are private education loans under the Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z.
An institution's written information security program must include the following nine elements (seven if the institution maintains information on less than 5,000 students):
- A designated qualified individual responsible for overseeing and implementing the institution's security program.
- A risk assessment that identifies reasonably foreseeable internal and external risks to the security, confidentiality, and integrity of student information.
- Safeguards to control the risks the institution identifies through its risk assessment.
- Regular testing and monitoring of the safeguards.
- Policies and procedures to ensure that personnel can enact the information security program.
- Oversight of the information system service providers.
- Evaluation and adjustment of its information security program in light of the results of the required testing and monitoring
- The establishment of an incident response plan.
- Periodic (at least annual) reports from the designated qualified individual to those with control over the institution.
ED plans to conduct compliance audits and any GLBA findings will have the same effect on an institution's participation in the Title IV programs as any other determination of non-compliance and will require resolution through a Corrective Action Plan (CAP) or put the institution's participation in the Title IV programs at risk.


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Together with Prof. Dr. Falk Uebernickel and Thomas Haskamp, VISENSE published an article on the value of Design Thinking for industrial manufacturing on The Future Factory Blog.
Read about how VISENSE was created and how we bring value to our co-development partner BMW Group:
The value of Design Thinking in solving complex problems for industrial manufacturing
Image Credit: BMW Group
Design Thinking as an approach for wicked problem solving and the development of innovative ideas is spreading in organizations throughout the world. What is it about, how does it work, and what are the potential benefits of applying Design Thinking? Showcasing VISENSE, an industrial error monitoring start-up that emerged out of applying Design Thinking in an innovation project with the BMW Group can help you to understand how you can leverage the methodology for your company.
Design Thinking - Prototyping user-centered solutions Deeply rooted in silicon valley, Tim Brown, CEO of IDEO, and Professor Larry Leifer, Director of the Center for Design Research at Stanford University, have coined the development of a problem-solving methodology that can help firms to develop breakthrough innovations. This is done by developing a deep understanding of the problem domain which serves as the foundation to develop a user-centered solution by iterative prototyping. But what is it actually about?
Design Thinking can be understood as a set of tools, a process, and a mindset (1). Inspired by the methods of designers, wicked problems are addressed through an iterative and visual way of working. In the beginning, interdisciplinary teams aim to deepen their problem understanding by interviewing important stakeholders and users. Having identified their needs through various synthesis techniques, low-resolution prototypes are quickly built and tested with users. Along this journey, teams get under the surface of the problem and can converge towards prototypes that match users' needs, are viable for firms, and feasible for execution. In terms of outcomes, firms can not only expect innovative solutions, but evidence also suggests that firms achieve customer proximity (2) and projects are faster in delivering tangible results.
Design Thinking in Manufacturing - VISENSE The value of Design Thinking is illustrated by the case study of VISENSE, an industrial error monitoring start-up that was born out of a joint innovation project between business innovation and IT systems engineering graduates from Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and the University of St Gallen (HSG) collaborating with BMW Group.
Exploring the problem The subject of the project concerned a challenge BMW Group provided around production planning processes. The initial task was to establish a data-driven working model. They leveraged Design Thinking techniques to thoroughly understand the problem at hand, which at its core lay with the processes around identifying and resolving machine errors. Many manufacturers today still have manual approaches to identifying errors and sharing information across the plant network. This not only leads to high costs and a loss of know-how but also to lower production quality and machine availability. This machine downtime is a massive and expensive problem for industrial manufacturers, causing average losses of 22'000 USD per minute (3).
Finding a solution for real industrial problems As in every Design Thinking project a diversified project team was consciously composed. In this particular project, the focus was on selecting candidates to bring together IT and business expertise. Over nine-months the project team then moved through the different stages of the Design Thinking process (see illustration 1). During the first three Design Thinking phases - Design Space Exploration, Critical Function and Dark Horse - the project team systematically observed the problem space and diverged their knowledge over three months. This was done by applying different observation methodologies such as interviews, shadowing of the involved stakeholders and benchmarking other industries as well as creating personas, customer journeys, mind maps and using the 6-3-5 method. To put that in perspective over 60 Interviews were conducted and 15 different companies observed. Based on these findings, incremental prototypes were developed, continuously tested and the resulting insights iterated. In total, more than 30 prototypes were developed. Most of them emerged from the Darkhorse phase. During this phase it is about consciously daring, different and "crazy" ideas. Thereby, failing fast and often and learning from it was the decisive factor.
The following six months were all about converging knowledge. Within the upcoming phases - Funky, Functional, X-is finished and Final - the results were successively combined, summarized and partially abandoned to finally develop one final prototype.
Illustration 1: Design thinking journey over nine months
The result of this nine month Design Thinking journey is VISENSE, a data-driven solution that revolutionizes failure detection and analysis in mass production environments. VISENSE visualizes production error incidents through video data and enriches the data through sensor information and AI-driven data analytics. This allows machine experts to monitor machine performance and analyze error root causes at any time. Further, this information can then be easily shared in the VISENSE Dashboard with various stakeholders and within the entire BMW Group network.
This not only significantly reduces the need for machine experts to travel to remote locations within the plant network, but changes the entire operating processes on machine error handling. The systematic data-driven analysis and categorization of errors enable the machine experts to prevent repeat incidents from happening in the future and significantly accelerates ramp-up and handover of new machines. As a result, production quality is improved while increasing efficiency. The quick and non-intrusive set-up of the hardware allows VISENSE to be applied to a wide range of machine types within various industries. According to BMW Group, VISENSE has the potential to reduce time needed for machine error analysis by 50%. This makes a major contribution to increasing machine availability and subsequently reducing machine downtime.
Benefits & learnings of applying Design Thinking Due to exceptionally positive feedback, the project was continued and a start-up was founded. Right now, the solution is in the process of being further developed and implemented within the BMW Group network. This prime example displays the great potential of the Design Thinking method to solve real problems. Key learnings out of this Design Thinking journey were that Design Thinking, in an industrial manufacturing environment, enables you to think beyond accustomed processes to create new innovative ideas. This is brought about by the structured design thinking framework and method, allowing and encouraging deliberate collaboration across departments, creativity, trial-and-error approaches, and most of all to learn from repeated, frequent failing. With that, the aim of Design Thinking is not to develop theoretical constructs, but to build tangible prototypes in order to test and improve them iteratively in a real environment. The case study of VISENSE shows that the intense iterative approach allows to build up deep domain knowledge and understanding of the problem at hand within a timeframe that would be hard to achieve with conventional methods. Applying Design Thinking to complex problems may thus prove a valuable new strategy for industrial manufacturing companies in the future.
About the authors
Professor Dr. Falk Uebernickel holds the chair for Design Thinking and Innovation Research at the Hasso-Plattner-Institute (HPI), Germany's leading digital engineering faculty in Potsdam. Furthermore, he serves as a board member for the international university network Sugar, holds a professorship at the University of St Gallen and is co-founder of IT Management Partner St. Gallen AG (ITMP), an international management consultancy.
Thomas Haskamp is a Research Associate at the chair for Design Thinking and Innovation Research at HPI. Receiving a scholarship from the Foundation of German Business, he was educated in management and design thinking at the University of St Gallen and Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. Right now, he is doing research on the interface of management, design thinking and digital innovation as a member of the Hasso Plattner Design Thinking Research program with Stanford University.
Pia Spori is co-founder and CEO of VISENSE. She currently studies in the master of Business Innovation at the University of St. Gallen, where she was part of the 2018/19 Design Thinking program led by Prof. Dr. Falk Uebernickel.
VISENSE VISENSE provides a data-driven machine error monitoring solution for industrial manufacturing companies. If you are interested in learning more about our solution, please visit our website _URL_.
Uebernickel, Falk, and Walter Brenner. 2020. Design Thinking: The Handbook. World Scientific Publishing Company Pte Limited.
Vetterli, Christophe, Falk Uebernickel, Walter Brenner, Charles Petrie, and Dirk Stermann. 2016. "How Deutsche Bank's IT Division Used Design Thinking to Achieve Customer Proximity." MIS Quarterly Executive 15 (1).
Advanced Technology Services Inc., (ATS) – Survey of 101 Manufacturing Executives in the Automotive Industry, 2006.


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What's a better sight for winter-sore eyes than a bright burst of yellow in your spring garden? Celandine poppy (Stylophorum diphyllum) is a striking woodland flower with cheerful lemon-colored blooms from April to June. The deeply cut blue-green foliage will stay beautiful right through fall if you keep the soil moist. Since celandine poppy likes shade, it's a perfect pick for that hard-to-fill shady spot in your garden.
Common name: Celandine poppy
Botanical name: Stylophorum diphyllum
Plant type: Perennial
Zones: 4 to 9
Height: 1 to 1½ feet
- Sun: Part shade to full shade
- Soil: Moist, humusy
- Moisture: Medium to wet
- Mulch: Mulch to preserve moisture in the soil and prevent weeds.
- Pruning: None needed.
- Fertilizer: None needed.
- By seed or by division
Pests and diseases
- Slugs and snails may be a problem.
- Celandine poppy needs regular watering; plants will go dormant if the soil is too dry.
- S. diphyllum naturalizes well in shaded areas of wildflower or woodland gardens. It may get weedy or self-seed excessively under certain conditions.
- Celandine poppy looks great in a shady border among shrubs.
- The plant has rough, hairy, oblong-shaped green fruit that's considered ornamental.
- S. diphyllum is a good companion plant for other spring bloomers, such as Virginia bluebells, bloodroot, Jacob's ladder, bleeding heart, and trout lily.
All in the family
- Papaveraceae is also known as the poppy family.
- Like other members of Papaveraceae, celandine poppy contains a yellowish-orange sap, which Native Americans used as dye for clothes, baskets, and war paint.
- The family contains the opium poppy (P. somniferum), which is cultivated for its seeds (the poppy seeds used in cooking) and for its use in making opium and opiates.
- Celandine poppy is the only member of the genus native to the United States.
Where to buy
- Forestfarm, Williams, OR, _PHONE_, _URL_
- Joy Creek Nursery, Scappoose, OR, _PHONE_, _URL_
- Toadshade Wildflower Farm, Frenchtown, NJ, _PHONE_, _URL_
(Photo courtesy of Kemper Center for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden).


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Plants that Come From Unusual Seeds (12 pictures)
Most plants grow from seeds. This is why the seeds are so important.
There is many seedbanks worldwide. They stores seeds as a source for planting in case seed reserves elsewhere are destroyed. It is a type ofgene bank. The seeds stored may be food crops, or those of rare species to protect biodiversity. The reasons for storing seeds may be varied. In the case of food crops, many useful plants that were developed over centuries are now no longer used for commercial agricultural production and are becoming rare. Storing seeds also guards against catastrophic events like natural disasters, outbreaks of disease, or war. Unlike seed libraries or seed swaps that encourage frequent reuse and sharing of seeds, seedbanks are not typically open to the public. [via]
Some seeds are well know but some look amazing and unusual. In out opinion the Sequoia is the most impressive of all. Such a tiny seed and yet it turns into such a huge tree.


Why Don't Old Games Work On New Computers?
We are guessing that old games will run much smoother on the new powerful PC and laptops! right?.. Wrong! even if you use Windows compatibility mode to run your old games, you will fail most of the time!! BUT WHY?
The powerful new hardware is a tiny part of the story. The real direct reasons are the architecture which those games are written for. And here are all the reasons why old games don't work on modern computers.
1. Old Games Are 32 bit
Most modern computers use 64 bit CPUs and 64 bit operating systems (Windows OS in this case). The 64 bit architecture is faster and allow more than 4 GB of RAM. But every program or game need to be coded to run on either 32 bit system or 64 bit system. This means that Windows OS will emulate 32 bit system to run old 32 bit programs and games. But this will not work for most games because some games try to use some incompatible code in form of DLL file. A windows update might break a dependency that the game relies on.
Some of game won't run at all because some of their code was written for 16 bit systems.
2. Multi-threaded Technology
Modern CPUs are designed to split a given program workload to run on multiple cores. This type of design lead to a more performance. But it is horrible for the games which is written for the one core old CPUs.
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Advantages & Disadvantages of Human Resource Information System
A small business may not see a pressing need to implement a human resource information system (HRIS) because they may not feel there are enough staff members to warrant it. As a business grows, there are significant advantages that an HRIS offers to help efficiently manage your team from the HR compliance perspective. But with any new technology system, there are disadvantages to consider before pulling the trigger for implementation.
Advantage: Payroll Integration
Integrating payroll is a cost-effective way to ensure that employees have access to payroll documents, such as withholding forms and direct deposit information. It also offers a portal so employees can retrieve pay stubs and tax forms rather than a human resources clerk having to produce, distribute and send to an employee.
Disadvantage: HRIS Cost
As with any new technology, there is a cost to license and implement a new system. Costs range, and they depend on the capabilities of the HRIS system, but they may be as high as $300 per employee for large companies with many benefits capabilities. Smaller companies should expect to pay anywhere from $40 to $100, and that doesn't include payroll processor costs.
Advantage: Employee Files
An HRIS system allows employers to store and track all human resources documents, training and evaluations. From the moment a person is onboarded to the time he retires, his entire file is maintained with easy access. Managers are able to upload evaluation files, and employees can track which employment or benefits documents are missing. This takes a lot of clerical work out of the human resources manager's office, and enables him to focus his resources on better recruiting and internal staff development.
Disadvantage: Security Breach
As with any computer technology and database, there is the risk that hackers will access information and use it for nefarious purposes. Employees provide employers with financial, tax and personal information such as emergency contacts. A security breach could be catastrophic.
Advantage: Benefits Administration
Employers are able to integrate benefits administration into HRIS platforms. This means employees can access employee benefits such as health benefits or retirement plans. Benefits administration is another aspect that eliminates clerical work from human resources departments to focus on developing staff rather than having staff spending their time filing and retrieving forms.
Advantage: Documents
An HRIS platform allows a portal for all important company documents to be accessed. Everything from employee handbooks and code of ethics to evacuation and emergency plans is stored in the HRIS platform. If someone needs to access it, all they need to do is to log in and grab the file and open it.
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This group aims to connect professionals and academics to advocate for the recognition of, and support for, people with neurodisabilities in law enforcement settings. We are interested in how to effectively identify and respond to neurodisabilities in justice settings, and what the key intervention points should be, so as to prevent both offending and criminalisation. By connecting healthcare professionals, social workers, and law enforcement professionals, we want to promote a rehabilitative culture of support around young people with neurodisabilities who may be vulnerable to contact with the justice system.
How do we define neurodisabilities?
Neurodisability is a term commonly used in the UK for a range of functional difficulties resulting from problems in the development of the brain or nervous system. Although heterogeneous and varied in presentation, these disabilities are characterised by a combination of functional difficulties, typically relating to:
 - cognition (acquiring, understanding, and applying knowledge, including skills related to learning, memory, attention, evaluation, or reasoning);
 - executive functioning (complex goal-oriented thought and action, including the initiation, planning, and sequencing of complex tasks, the use of long-term memory, concentration, inhibitory and attention control, and responsivity to novel or changing circumstances);
 - emotional functioning (withdrawal, anxiety, impulsivity, regulating and expressing emotions, such as difficulties in restraining emotional reactions, or understanding the emotions of others);
 - and communication (speech, expressive language, or receptive language).
Conditions may vary over time, occur alone or in combination, and include a broad range of severity and complexity.
The term neurodisability includes, but is not restricted to, diagnoses of specific 'neurodevelopmental disorders', such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Conditions, Acquired Brain Injuries, Epilepsy, Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Co-ordination Disorder, Developmental Language Disorder, and Dyslexia. By employing the term 'disability', we elicit the social model: recognising societal norms, practices and discrimination as the root cause of the negative experiences of those experiencing neurodevelopmental difficulties, including those that increase risk of criminalisation.
In further opposition to the applicability of diagnoses and labels of disorder, the term 'neurodiversity' is increasingly being used to emphasise the range of differences in individual brain function and behavioural traits as part of normal variation in the human population. We recognise the increasing use of this term among those with lived experience of such differences, but also seek to reflect the disabling experiences of discrimination they face in criminal justice settings.
For more information, or to join the SiG, please contact:
Hope Kent, University of Exeter