text:
Visual Studio.
There are several reasons:
|Dangerous translations||There may be some texts in the source code which must not be translated.|
In some cases, it will cause a program error is a text is translated.
|Handling all texts||It is good practice to either select or hide all texts.|
After further development of your project you may have to review which new texts require translation. If you hide texts which do not require translation, then you will never have to look at them again.
If you follow this practice, then any text which is neither selected nor hidden must be a new text.
To hide a text, simply click on the sun symbol at the left hand margin. The sun symbol is replaced by a moon symbol.
You can actually hide these lines by clicking on the sun/moon toggle button,, on the toolbar, which toggles between the modes "show hidden items" and "hide hidden items". (The sunset symbol indicates a dirty state after additional items have been hidden.)
When you hide a string in the source code, Multi-Language adds the comment //MLHIDE ('MLHIDE in VB) to the end of the source code line, to mark it as hidden.
For example, the property name passed to the function NotifyPropertyChanged (in the screen shot below) must not be translated.
The best practice is to go through every text and either:
- select it for translation or
- hide it.
This makes it easier to maintain the localization in future versions of your application, because you can easily identify new texts in the project.
Filtering texts with regular expressions
In many cases, you will be able to select, or alternativly hide, texts in the source code based on simple rules. For example you will probably not want to translate SQL strings, or the parameters to an event logging function. On the other hand, you will probably always want to translate the parameters to the MessageBox function.
You can handle operations like this easily with the feature "Filter with regular expressions". You can select this option from the tools menu as shown below, or from the context menu in the source code grid.
This command shows the filter dialog, in which you can enter a search string as a regular expression. For example in the screen shot shown below, the search string "^select " will search for any string starting with the word select, with the option to hide the string.
The dialog offers the option to match only the string, or the complete source code line. By matching the complete code line, it is easy to detect strings used in particular function calls.
When the string is found, Multi-Language asks whether the specific string should actually be hidden.
Using the translation memory
Aside from the project database used to store the translations for an individual project, Multi-Language also stores all translations in a global translations database. When it detects an exact match between a new text and a translation stored in the global database, it will insert the translation automatically. This is great for common terms like OK and Cancel.
If you are able to translate the texts yourself, then the translation memory provides an additional help, based on the translations stored in the global database. To use the translation memory, first click in the cell you want to edit, and then hit F3 or F12. The following screen shot shows the translation memory dialog with the text Add a new language to the project, which should be translated into German.
In the lower part of the dialog, there is list of existing translations, containing one or more of the same words as the string to be translated. The list is sorted according to the number of matching words, so the most useful translations should be near the top. You can copy words out of the grid and edit the new translation in the edit box marked Translation.
Obviously, the common words "a", "to" and "the" will not be of much help. If you select the tab Ignored words, you can select the words which are to be ignored. Multi-Language keeps a list of ignored words in the global database and automatically ignores these words in future.
The translation memory feature is particularly useful for technical terms where you might not be familiar with the correct translation and where you want to use terms consistently.
Using the Spreadsheet export
If you are not able to translate the texts yourself, you will have to give them to a translator. For this purpose you can use the Spreadsheet export/import feature. There are two versions of this feature:
- the simple version with one worksheet and no macros (for Excel or OpenOffice)
- the three worksheet structured export with macro support (for Excel)
Both versions are accessed via the Excel symbol on the toolbar.
The screen shot below shows the format of the simple spreadsheet file. As you can see, the first column contains the string ID number, followed by a column for each language. The first two rows contain the language names and the locale ID numbers.
The translator should update texts in the appropriate language column, without changing the format of the file. When the translator is complete, you can import the translations back into the project.
The three worksheet format contains two additional worksheets, which closely resemble the controls grid and the source code grid in the Multi-Language window. These worksheets provide more context information for the translator. Because all texts in the additional worksheets are also present in the third worksheet, Excel macros are used to maintain consistency within the file. The macros also provide some additional functionality, similar to some of the functions provided by Multi-Language.
The three worksheet is to be recommended, unless your organization is adamantly opposed to using macros.
Exporting the texts to resource files
Multi-Language for Visual Studio automatically ||
The screen shot to the left shows resource files generated by Multi-Language in the solution explorer.|
In this case the project is using the option Named resources.
There are two categories of resources file:
All of these files have the BuildAction=EmbeddedResource.
If you are using the option ml_string(), Multi-Language stores the texts in an additional resource file names MultiLang.resx, instead of using the global resource file resources.resx. |
As already mentioned, this option is not recommended for new projects.
When you compile your project, additional so called satellite dlls will be generated. These dlls are created in subdirectories of the bin\Debug or bin\Release directories, named according to the language abbreviation (ISO 639-1 and ISO 3166, formerly RFC 1766).
The compiled project is now localized. Windows will initialise the application to use the language of the Windows user interface. For example, if you have added support for German, and you install your application (with the satellite dlls) on computer running a German version of Windows, then German resources will automatically be used.
Selecting the language of the application
It is very practical to be able to select the language for your application, independently of the language used by Windows. This is almost essential for testing, but you may also want to make it a permanent feature of your application. We must consider two cases separately:
- selecting the language when the program starts
- changing the language of the running program
Technically, it is very easy to set the language of a program when it starts up. It is only necessary to set the CurrentUICulture property of the main thread, before the main form of the program is called.
Multi-Language can add a form to your project which allows the user to select the language when the program starts, as shown in the following screen shot.|
With this dialog you can select the language, and specify whether the dialog should be shown next time the program is started.
To add this feature, click on the runtime support symbol
on the toolbar and select the command Add language selection form to your project from the dropdown menu.||
This brings up a dialog showing which actions are necessary to add this dialog to your project. |
Click on Add Now to perform start the operation.
This will add a form called SelectLanguage to your project, and some code to show the form when the program starts up.
Changing the language of a running program
A little more effort is required to change the language once the user interface of the program has been initialised. The problem breaks down into three operations:
|Selecting a new language||To select a new language, it is simply necessary to show the SelectLanguage form, described above. This can easily be added to a menu command in your application.|
|Broadcasting events||Your application may use multiple Forms, each of which may contain UserControls. When the language is changed, it is necessary to update the user interface of each active component. The best way to handle this is with an event mechanism. |
In general, you may use UserControls in multiple, separately compiled components. For this purpose, events must be generated via a public interface. The easiest way to handle this is to generate the events using a singleton object, compiled in a separate project.
|Updating the user interface||Each Form and UserControl requires an event handler, which updates the user interface when the language is changed. The function InitializeComponent generated by Visual Studio is not designed to be called repeatedly. To update the user interface, Multi-Language can generate a function called ml_UpdateControls to reinitialise the properties in the user interface.|
Multi-Language can generate the code for the second two points automatically, via the menu command Support for Runtime Language Switching.|
A minor change is required to the SelectLanguage form, in order to generate a language changed event.
This is described in a tutorial in Multi-Language's help file.


Hulk (ship type)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Receiving ship)
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For the early European coastal craft, see Hulk (medieval ship type).
Not to be confused with scow or barge.
A hulk moored in Toulon harbour.
More recently, ships have been hulked when they become obsolete or when they become uneconomical to operate.
Sheer hulk[edit]
Sheer hulk at Sheerness Dockyard positioned to make a lift
A sheer hulk (or shear hulk) was used in shipbuilding and repair as a floating crane in the days of sailing ships, primarily to place the lower masts of a ship under construction or repair. Booms known as sheers were attached to the base of a hulk's lower masts or beam, supported from the top of those masts. Blocks & tackle were then used in such tasks as placing or removing the lower masts of vessel under construction or repair.
These lower masts were the largest and most massive single timbers aboard a ship, and erecting them without the assistance of either a sheer hulk or land-based masting sheer was extremely difficult.
Accommodation hulk[edit]
Main article: Barracks ship
French ship Mars, barracks for marines
Receiving hulk[edit]
A receiving ship is a ship that is used in harbor to house newly recruited sailors before they are assigned to a ship's crew.[1]
Receiving ships often served as floating hospitals as many were assigned in locations without shore-based station hospitals. Often the afloat surgeon would take up station on the receiving ship.[citation needed]
Prison hulk[edit]
Main article: Prison ship
Powder hulk[edit]
Salvage pontoon[edit]
Floating storage and offloading units[edit]
Coal hulks[edit]
Service as a coal hulk was usually, but not always, a ship's last.
Other services[edit]
Her front line days over, HMS Temeraire served as a prison hulk, receiving ship, victualing depot, and finally a guard ship before being paid off and sold to the breakers.
A vessel's hulking may not be its final use. Scuttling as a blockship, breakwater, artificial reef, or recreational dive site may await. Some are repurposed, for example as a gambling ship; others are restored and put to new uses, such as a museum ship. Some even return revitalized to sea.
One vessel rescued from this ignominious end was the barque Polly Woodside, now a museum ship in Melbourne, Australia. Another is the James Craig, rescued from Recherche Bay in Tasmania, now restored and regularly sailing from Sydney, Australia.
See also[edit]
 3. ^ Brown, Henry Collins (1919). "The Clipper Ships of Old New York". Valentine's Manual of Old New York (New York: Valentine's Manual) 3: 94–95. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
 4. ^ Information on the wreck "Johanna Smith" Check |url= scheme (help). California Wreck Divers. Retrieved 2010-02-27.


Pascal to Atm Conversion
Enter Pascal
Enter Atm
How to convert pascal to atm (atmospheric pressure)?
1 Pascal (Pa) is equal to 0.00000986923 atmospheric pressure (atm). To convert pascal to atm, multiply the pascal value by 0.00000986923 or divide by 101325.
pascal to atm formula
atm = Pa * 0.00000986923
atm = Pa / 101325
1 Pascal = 0.00000986923 Atm
What is Pascal?
Pascal is a metric system pressure unit and is equal to a force of newton per square meter. The abbreviation is "Pa".
Please visit pressure conversion to convert all pressure units.


PostDoc Project
Knowing the good: The epistemological foundations of the metaphysics of good and evil
The concept of goodness is at the heart of both moral philosophy and action theory. Yet at the same time it is highly controversial what exactly goodness in general and moral goodness in particular consists in. Classical positions in moral philosophy―for example, consequentialists and intentionalists, hedonists and Moorians, Kantians and Neo-Aristotelians―persistently differ from one another in how they conceive of the moral good. Given this intricate dialectical situation, I propose in this project to step back and enquire into the origin of our notions of good and evil: How do we recognize that something is good in the first place? And how does that enable us to determine what goodness is? To answer these questions, I draw on ideas developed in early phenomenological philosophy, namely, by Franz Brentano and Edmund Husserl, as well as on works in analytic moral epistemology. Elucidating the epistemological foundations of our notions of good and evil, we may be in a better position to settle questions in moral philosophy as well.
Book Project
Community: The Fundamental Structures of Human Sociality (book manuscript, in preparation)
This book presents a systematic account of human community by reintroducing ideas from Aristotelian and Thomistic philosophy into the field of Analytic Social Ontology. The book builds on Aristotle's concept of friendship to develop a general account of different kinds of community and their specific norms. Moreover, it shows that this Aristotelian account of community is indispensable for understanding the specific form of human social life.
Articles in Preparation
Cooperation, Community, and Institution (In J. Pelletier and Chr. Rode, eds. The Reality of the Social World. Medieval, Early Modern, and Contemporary Perspectives on Social Ontology. Cham: Springer, forthcoming 2021)
There are two approaches to the phenomenon of community in contemporary social ontology. The first is an attempt to account for community in terms of joint action or cooperation. Margaret Gilbert thus believes that by elucidating the nature of joint action we can come to understand more complex forms of collectivity such as communities. The second approach, put forth by John Searle, is to conceive of community as an institutional entity, that is, a status collectively assigned to a set of people that unites them as a social group. In this paper, I show why both these approaches fail to provide a convincing account of community. A more promising approach can be found in medieval philosophy, namely, in Thomas Aquinas. His account of community builds on the Aristotelian notion of friendship and, so I argue, yields a better understanding of the relation between community, cooperation, and institutions.
Freundschaft und Glückseligkeit bei Aristoteles (In S. Al-Taher, V. Jansche, L. Martena, eds. Was Liebe vermag: Philosophische Liebesdiskurse in der Antike. Stuttgart: Metzler, forthcoming 2021)
The relation between friendship and happiness highlights one aspect of human social nature in Aristotle's anthropology. In NE 9.9 Aristotle argues that friendship is desirable even for those leading a good and self-sufficient life. In this article, I discuss various interpretations of this argument (Cooper 1977, Pakaluk 1998, Pangle 2003, Richardson Lear 2004, Kosman 2004, Hitz 2011), according to which friendship either provides a form of self-knowledge or enables some kind of shared activity. All these interpretations, I argue, rest on a misunderstanding of Aristotle's idea that a friend is "another self".
Der soziale Horizont des menschlichen Lebens bei Aristoteles und Thomas von Aquin (In D. Kiesel and Chr. Kietzmann, eds. Politische Anthropologie in der Antike, forthcoming 2022)
According to Aristotle, happiness is essentially social in that it can be realized only in set of communities, first an foremost in a state or polis as the most encompassing kind of community. The motive behind the formation of these communities is friendship or love. In this article, I show that Aquinas adopts this idea that happiness, community, and friendship are interrelated concepts. Due to his distinction between happiness and beatitude, however, he extends the idea beyond the polis to a community based on caritas, which in principle includes all humanity. In Aquinas, I argue, we thus encounter a new conception of human social nature.
Aristotle, the Good, and Species-Relativity
According to Peter Geach (1956), the term 'good' is essentially an attributive adjective that requires to be complemented by a noun providing the respective standard of evaluation. For him, consequently, there can be nothing that is good in an absolute sense but only relative to a particular standard. Geach's view is influential among Aristotelian-minded philosophers today. In this article, I argue that Aristotle's own understanding of goodness in terms of perfection leaves room for a predicative use of the term 'good', which allows for forms of absolute goodness.
Brentano and Aquinas on Goodness as Perfection
The Aristotelian-Thomistic conception of goodness entails the idea of a general nexus between striving and perfection in nature, which is gained inductively. One might therefore object that this general nexus cannot be proven to be true. Following Franz Brentano, I argue that, despite the importance of inductive method, there are paradigm cases of goodness where the nexus between striving, goodness, and perfection is self-evident. These cases can serve as the basis on which the Aristotelian-Thomistic conception of goodness can be defended against epistemological objections.
Being and Activity: Aristotle's notion of ἐνέργιεα
Aryeh Kosman (2013) and Jonathan Beere (2009) have put forth an understanding of Aristotle's concept of ἐνέργεια in terms of activity rather than actuality. I argue, on the contrary, that activity can be neither the general nor the primary meaning of ἐνέργεια. A closer examination of the systematic role the concept plays in Aristotle's metaphysics, especially its relation to the categories, reveals that the traditional understanding as actuality has to be maintained.


text:
One of the most important aspects of car setup is the static weight distribution and the cross-weight percentage. Why? Picture the following:
Your car is really fast in right-hand turns, but understeers in left turns. If you get the car neutral in left turns, it oversteers in right turns. The situation is frustrating. You've tried springs, shocks, different bars, neutralizing the anti-roll bar, and nothing seems to work. Even on a track with mostly right-hand turns, the problem in the left-hand turns cost a lot of time.
While several different setup parameters could have caused this situation, a likely cause is excessive cross-weight.
Static Weight Distribution
Static weight distribution is the weight resting on each tire contact patch with the car at rest, exactly the way it will be raced. This means the driver should be in the car, all fluids topped up, and the fuel load should be such that the car makes your minimum weight rule at the designated time-usually after a race. The car should be at minimum weight, using ballast as needed to make the proper weight.
When working with static weight distribution, we use two percentages to analyze the car's corner weights: Left weight percentage and rear weight percentage. These tell us all we need to know about the setup relative to the weight distribution. The left weight percentage is found by adding the LF weight to the LR weight and dividing the sum by the total weight.
The rear weight percentage is found in a similar manner: Add the LR and the RR weight together and divide the sum by the total weight. Many electronic scales will perform the calculations for you.
For road racing and autocrossing, the ideal left weight percentage is 50 percent. This makes the cornering force balanced from left to right and offers the best performance overall. However, many cars cannot make the 50 percent left-side weight percentage due to driver offset. Still, it is a worthwhile goal to strive for 50 percent left-side weight.
Rear weight percentage for road racing and autocrossing is less definite. The more power a car has, the more that static weight over the drive wheels helps acceleration off the corners. Additionally, it is much more difficult to change rear percentage much, since rear weight is mostly a design function. It still pays to be thoughtful about weight placement fore and aft in your car.
The only way to change the static weight distribution percentages is to physically move weight around in the car. Jacking weight will not alter the left side or the rear percentages.
Cross-weight percentage compares the diagonal weight totals to the car's total weight. To calculate cross-weight percentage, add the RF weight to the LR weight and divide the sum by the total weight of the car. Cross-weight is also called wedge: If the percentage is over 50 percent, the car has wedge; if below 50 percent, the car has reverse wedge.
More wedge means that the car will likely understeer more in a left turn. The advantage to wedge is that the left rear tire carries more load, so the car drives off the turns better. But in a right turn, the opposite occurs and the handling is worse. In almost all cases, the loss of cornering performance in one direction is greater than the gain in the other direction.
On oval track cars, cross-weight is usually used in conjunction with stagger (where the right rear tire is larger in circumference than the left rear tire) to balance handling. More stagger usually loosens the handling in left turns, so more cross-weight is used to tighten it up. But stagger is not a good idea on a road course or autocross either, where the ideal is 50-percent cross-weight and no stagger.
One of the problems with cross-weight is that it will change the handling balance from a left to a right turn. This can make maneuvering in traffic difficult, even dangerous. On a road course, the cross-weight percentage should be very close to 50 percent, within a half-degree either way, to keep the handling balance similar in a right-hand turn compared to a left-hand turn. In the example at the beginning of the article, this was the problem: a cross-weight percentage that was less than 50 percent, and probably off by at least two percent.
One of the keys to obtaining a good setup is using the correct procedure to weigh your race car.
How to Weigh Your Race Car
Here are some points to remember when weighing your race car:
- Make sure the floor is perfectly level; use shims under the scale pads if needed. Small angles can throw off your readings significantly.
- Set tire pressures first.
- Check stagger at each tire, even if using radials.
- Put the driver weight in the car, preferably the driver.
- Use a load of fuel for where you you want the car balanced, either at the start of the race, the end of the race or an average between the two.
- Disconnect the shocks, when possible, and the anti-roll bars.
- Use blocks the same height as your scale pads to move the car off the scales to make adjustments.
- Bounce the car at each corner to free the suspension from any bind, then roll the car onto the scales.
- Make sure the tires are centered on the scales.
- Recheck air pressure often to assure ride heights stay consistent.
Setting Static Weight Distribution:
- Check static weight before working on cross-weight.
- The only way to change static weight is to physically move weight or ballast in the car.
- To increase left-side weight, move weight as far to the left as possible.
- To increase rear weight, move weight as far back as possible.
- Move ballast first, since it's easier. Then move components like the battery or fuel cell.
- It is best to get 50 percent left-side weight when possible.
- Get the rear percentage as close to the manufacturer's specs as possible.
- Once static weight percentages are set, work on cross-weight percentages.
- You cannot change the left or rear percentages by jacking weight around in the car, although this will change cross-weight.
- Changing the ride height at any corner will change the cross-weight percentage.
- If you raise the ride height at a given corner (put a turn in or add a round of wedge), the weight on that corner will increase, as will the weight on the diagonally opposite corner. The other two corners will lose weight.
- If you lower the ride height at a given corner, that corner will lose weight as will the diagonally opposite corner. The other two corners will gain weight. This will not change the left-side or rear weight percentages.
- To add weight to a given corner, raise the ride height at that corner or lower the ride height at an adjacent corner. For example, if your initial setup is 52 percent cross-weight, and you want 50 percent cross-weight, lowering the right front or left rear corner will decrease cross-weight percentage. You could also raise the left front or right rear ride heights to do the same thing.
- It is best to make small changes at each corner, instead of a big change at one corner. This keeps the ride heights as close to ideal as possible. In the above example, to go from 52 percent to 50 percent cross-weight, try lowering the right front and the left rear one-half turn on the weight jack bolt or spring perch while raising the left front and right rear the same amount.
- Always record the cross-weights and ride heights for reference at the race track in case changes are needed.
- Measure control arm angles after each change. The angles are another way to set the suspension for the desired ride height and cross-weight percentage.
- The distance from the ground to an inner suspension arm pivot point will also accomplish the above goal.
- Remember that changes in stagger, tire pressures and springs will change the ride height and alter the cross-weight percentage.
Change at the Track:
- Make small changes at the track, and make only one change at a time.
- If the car understeers or oversteers in only one direction, check the cross-weight percentage.
One of the most important aspects of racing is having a good handling balance. Setting static weight distribution and adjusting cross-weight percentage is one way to assure good handling. Taking the time and making the effort always pay dividends.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Pulp and Paper
|Pulp and Paper merit badge|
|BSA Advancement ID:|
|Latest pamphlet revision:||2006|
Merit badge requirements
- 1. Tell the history of papermaking. Describe the part paper products play in our society and economy.
- 2. List the trees that are the major sources of papermaking fibers. Then discuss what other uses are made of the trees and of the forestland owned by the pulp and paper industry. Describe the ways the industry plants, grows, and harvests trees. Explain how the industry manages its forests so that the supply of trees keeps pace with the demand, and tell about one way the industry has incorporated a sustainable forestry concept. Give two ways the papermaking industry has addressed pollution.
- 3. Describe two ways of getting fibers from wood, and explain the major differences. Tell why some pulps are bleached, and describe this process.
- 4. Describe how paper is made. Discuss how paper is recycled. Make a sheet of paper by hand.
- 5. Explain what coated paper is and why it is coated. Describe the major uses for different kinds of coated paper. Describe one other way that paper is changed by chemical or mechanical means to make new uses possible?
- 6. Make a list of 15 pulp or paper products found in your home. Share examples of 10 such products with your counselor.
- 7. With your parent's and counselor's approval, do ONE of the following:
- a. Visit a pulp mill. Describe how the mill converts wood to cellulose fibers.
- b. Visit a paper mill and get a sample of the paper made there. Describe the processes used for making this paper. Tell how it will be used.
- c. Visit a container plant or box plant. Describe how the plant's products are made.
- d. Visit a recycled paper collection or sorting facility. Describe the operations there.
- e. Using books, magazines, your local library, the Internet (with your parent's permission), and any other suitable research tool, find out how paper products are developed. Find out what role research and development play in the papermaking industry. Share what you learn with your counselor.
- 8. Find out about three career opportunities in the papermaking industry that interest you. Pick one and find out the education, training, and experience required for this profession. Discuss this with your counselor, and explain why this profession might interest you.
Source: 2007 Boy Scout Requirements (33215)
1. This badge is one of the elective merit badges of the William T. Hornaday Awards for Boy Scouts.
Help with these requirements
Mr. R's Pulp and Paper An online module for earning the badge.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
A Conference to take place at the University of Essex, 17th -18th April 2012
Ecocultures are communities from whom we can learn the art and science of sustainable living. The aim of Ecocultures 2012 is to advance knowledge of how communities adapt successfully to social-ecological change, maintain resilience and enhance wellbeing. The conference will present and synthesise the best, current, multi-disciplinary perspectives of the barriers and bridges encountered by Ecocultures and how they can contribute to a global transition to sustainability.
In an emerging 'perfect storm' of pervasive and sometimes turbulent ecological, social and cultural change human communities will need to find ways to adapt creatively and sustainably. In doing so, we will need to learn how to mitigate emerging global threats such as climate change and resource degradation through changes in individual behaviour, community actions, state-level responses and international governance. We will need to adapt – psychologically, socially, economically, politically and culturally – to the new social and environmental conditions of the anthropocene. And finally, we will need make these adaptations creatively, in a way that maintains or improves well-being. The scope and urgency of these challenges require us to critically examine current efforts to live sustainably, and understand the nature and mechanisms of sustainability. The Ecocultures research programme at the University of Essex examines how traditional and newly emerging communities across the world are already responding to these challenges relatively successfully. Designated as 'Ecocultures', these communities provide living examples of sustainability in resilient social-ecological systems. They offer us lessons on how sustainability looks, possible pathways for transition, and offer hope that high levels of ecological well-being are consistent with the flourishing of society and culture. In doing so, they provide hope that there is more than one way to develop and more than one way to be happy, whilst maintaining a commitment to environmental and societal well-being. The Ecocultures 2012 conference will bring together members of these communities, researchers who work with them, policy makers interested in applying their lessons and development practitioners looking for innovative ways to enhance social-ecological well-being. Together, we will examine the principles and practices of 'Ecocultures' from multiple disciplinary perspectives and at every scale, from the individual to the community and beyond. The questions we will address will range from the deepest organising principles of alternative development paradigms (how do the members of Ecocultures view their place in the world and accord value to nature?) to the practicalities of their social and economic organisation. We invite submissions from across the spectrum of the social sciences and humanities; trans-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary submissions are particularly encouraged.
We invite submissions from academics, policy makers and development practitioners engaged in work on resilience and sustainability. Papers could include (but are not limited to) the following themes:
- Case studies on communities successfully adapting to social-ecological change
- Historic examples of highly resilient communities and their current status
- Analyses of the 'traditional' practices contributing to sustainable lifestyles, the stresses to which these provide resilience, and the barriers and bridges to the continued practice of such traditional lifestyles in today's world
- The emergence of 'new' Ecocultures, such as cultural revitalisation initiatives, 'back to the land' initiatives and the transition movement; the barriers and bridges to sustainability within these initiatives, the potential for their spread, their contribution to well-being and to social-ecological resilience at community level and beyond
- Critical analyses of current and alternative notions of 'development', 'sustainability' and 'resilience'
- Analyses of struggles for resources: how do, for example, the extractive industries and multi-national corporations affect the sustainability of communities
- Conflicts between different notions and practices of 'sustainability'
- Meta-analyses of the social, economic, political and cultural barriers and bridges to sustainability
- Analyses of the role played by current policies, economic and corporate initiatives for 'sustainability', including the potential for sustainable governance, the links between international trade and sustainable growth, and the potential role played by consumer awareness, environmental regulations, new methods of environmental valuation and corporate social responsibility initiatives.
Conference keynote address
One of the conference's keynote addresses will be delivered by Professor Jules Pretty, Professor of Environment and Society at the University of Essex. He is Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Sustainability and Resources), Pro-Vice-Chancellor responsible for the Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Deputy Vice-Chancellor. His books include This Luminous Coast (2011), Nature and Culture (co-authored, 2010), The Earth Only Endures (2007), Environment (4 vols, ed 2006), The Earthscan Reader in Sustainable Agriculture (2005, ed), The Pesticide Detox (2005, ed), Agri-Culture (2002) and Regenerating Agriculture (1995). He is a Fellow of the Society of Biology and the Royal Society of Arts, former Deputy-Chair of the Government's Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment (ACRE), and has served on advisory committees for a number of government departments. He is currently member of the Lead Expert Group for the UK Government's Foresight Global Food and Farming Futures Project, member of the Expert Panel for UK National Ecosystem Assessment and member of BBSRC's Strategy Advisory Board. He received an OBE in 2006 for services to sustainable agriculture, and an honorary degree from Ohio State University in 2009.
The conference will take place on the Colchester campus of the University of Essex from the morning of Tueday, 17th April until the afternoon of Wednesday, 18th April 2012. Conference costs will be kept to a minimum and confirmed by the end of January 2012. For maps and travel directions, see _URL_
Submissions and Contacts
Paper proposals, in the form of an abstract (400-700 words) and Panel proposals (max 1000 words), should be sent to Prof. Steffen Böhm (_EMAIL_ ) and Zareen Bharucha (_EMAIL_ ) by 16th January 2012. Please make reference to the conference in the subject line of your email by marking it 'Ecocultures 2012'. Authors will be notified of acceptance by 30th January 2012. For general inquiries, please email Zareen Bharucha (_EMAIL_ ). A visa letter can be provided for delegates who will require it for travel to the UK. Please let us know if you need one.


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Topic: real music (not tones) (Read 599 times) previous topic - next topic
I'm hoping someone can point me in the right direction. I want to learn how speakers work and how I can control a speaker with an arduino to make sounds. But not the basic tone stuff, actual music and/or playing back a person talking etc. I see a lot of tutorials for making tones but that's not what I'm interest in. I also see a number of shields that just do the whole thing for you but I'd like to understand what is happening and how to do it onboard the arduino. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Nick Gammon
Here's the problem... to play back real music you need to sample it, like how CDs are made. To get reasonable quality you need to sample at twice the frequency you want to have as your maximum, so for CD quality that is 40000 samples per second. At 8 bits per sample that is 40 Kb every second. But the Arduino only has 2 Kb of RAM and 32 Kb of program memory.
Either way, that's just a fraction of a second.
You might do it with extra storage (eg. an SD card) and a digital-to-analog converter, which is probably what these shields have.
Another more practical route is to play MIDI, because then you just have to send "play middle C for 1 second" which only takes a few bytes, and let the synth do the actual sounds.
More info:
You need to have the Arduino control a synthesizer chip. A quick search brought up _URL_
Thank you very much for the reply guys! Not really interest in midi more into voice stuff then notes. How is it done in cheap toys that can say a few words or make an explosion sound? Like the GI Joes with a button on them that makes it say one of three phrases?
Most are either mechanical recordings or custom chips.
And not the greatest sound quality either.
Try looking into a Speakjet chip.
Some good info on it here
Some sound samples here too
Everybody gave you good advice but if you want to learn about sound reproduction you might want to start with studying amplifiers. In particular the class D amp. It is most applicable for use with the arduino. If you see the class D amp and a motor control using an H-bridge you will see that they are pretty much the same except there is a speaker where the motor would be. When I first noticed that I thought it was amazing.
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text:
Cloud, Genesee, & Hamayan (2000). Dual language instruction: A handbook for enriched education. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle Publishers.
In a section entitled, "What should we do about code switching?" the authors suggest the following guiding consideration:
"Code switching may be misinterpreted as an incapacity to separate the two languages properly. This is rarely the case. Studies have shown that code switching by fluent bilinguals is rule-governed and is used in a highly controlled way. It is used to convey subtle meanings, to show identification with speakers of the other language, and to accommodate the listener. It is also used as an indicator of dual identity. Code switching is often evidence of linguistic creativity and sophistication, and it is no cause for alarm" (pp. 63-65).
The authors go on to proscribe the following warnings about allowing code switching in the classroom:
keep use of each language separate from the other, to clarify appropriate settings for each
until proficiency is attained, students may inappropriately rely on it for ease of communication, and not the above reasons


How many times have you gone out to the practice range with a big bag or bucket of balls and hit them until: 1. Your back was too sore to hit another, or 2. You were slapping them down there pretty well and it just felt good. Notice, I called it THE PRACTICE RANGE.
How can hitting balls every ten seconds be good for you? Either: 1. You'll hurt yourself and/or 2. You equate "quantity" with "quality."
I've been following Jack Nicklaus' example of how to practice my entire career. It is a process I teach my students: practice how you play.
You'll be surprised just how effective 20 ball can be instead of 200.
-- Steve
P.S. The response we received from all of you to our "Immediate Improvement" streaming video was fantastic! So were the comments from golfers who discovered "immediate" was the right word. We're about ready to put together another 30 more tips so keep checking the site out. We'll also be having another drawing. Stay tuned.
P.P.S. We been asked if we still have "The Three Fundamentals" DVD (physical disk). Definitely. Click below to order (remember Father's Day).
Order Now


How Does Mitosis Result in Tissues and Organs?
Mitosis is the process of cell division which is the mechanism that eukaryotic cells use to replicate themselves. During cell division or mitosis, a cell will make two exact copies of itself before the original cell eventually dies. It is this process that results in the regeneration of parts of the human body such as tissues and organs.
Q&A Related to "How Does Mitosis Result in Tissues and Organs?"
From the division of somatic cells.
Mitosis allows for the division and "bulking" of many cells into
Ah interesting question. As you may know mitosis is the division of somatic (non-sex) cells. Mitosis is needed to build up the bulk of cells that make us up. Upon fertilization of
White Blood Cells< along with the immune system.


The Impact of Self-control in the Danish Folkeskole
Student thesis: Master thesis (including HD thesis)
 - Mads Friche
How does individual self-control affect lessons in a Danish 9th grade class?
Self-control is a widely used term, which has been researched for decays. Most of the research regarding self-control, however, is focused on the psychological aspects of the individual behavior, and very little research has been conducted regarding the consequences of the lack of self-control, in pupils in a classroom. The causes of human actions are extremely complex, and many surrounding factors, genetics, and the specific relations in the situation influences the action. Instead of focusing on whether or not the specific action was related to self-control, I focused whether or not it could be related to self-control, since the consequences of those two does not vary. To investigate this, it is necessary to have a definition of the term self-control, which I define as following:
"Self-control is the ability to override desires and impulses, in order to achieve long-term goals"
This definition was made by Walter Mischel (2015) in his work The Marshmallow Test, and similar definitions appear in most studies done on the subject. Procrastination and impulsivity are to commonly used aspects of research in self-control, but very little evidence support the idea that these traits correlate. Piquero et al. (2010) argued that self-control consisted of different sub-traits but failed to distinguish properly between these in the conclusion of their review. Individuals who score high on impulsivity, does not necessarily procrastinate and vice versa, which is essential when it comes to observing self-control in a context. Most studies regarding self-control involves both aspects but does not properly distinguish between the traits. In this paper I argue that self-control should be divided into sub-traits, especially when the objective is regarding the consequences in a social context. By observing a Danish grade class for a day, and interviewing six pupils, I conclude that impulsivity and procrastination have very different consequences for the student and for the rest of the class. Lack of self-control regarding impulsivity was observed as the main reason for most of the unrest that happened and one pupil making noises, tended to lead to more pupils losing their ability to focus and concentrate. Procrastination seemed prevent some of the pupils from doing their homework, which did not interfere with rest of the lecture. Since the diverse types of self-control include different traits, especially when we look at the consequences in a social situation, it is important for researchers to distinguish between the traits.
Mischel, W., (2015), Skumfidustesten, Klim
Piquero, A., Jennings, W., Farrington, D. (2010) Self-control interventions for children under age 10 for improving self-control and delinquency and problem behaviors. The Campbell Collaboration
Publication date30 May 2018
Number of pages55
ID: 280109922


who actually uses them. A slur is a slur always. This is not plausible. First, because it does in fact matter who the speaker is; only a child thinks there's never a difference in derogatory force between when a racist uses a pejorative term about a race and when someone from that race uses the same term. Second, because slurs are actions expressive of attack, and therefore a term that is a slur in one context might not be in another.
(4) While it's common to use the word 'expressive', we have to be careful. Just as musical expressiveness cannot be reduced to actual expression, so the 'expressiveness' of a pejorative is not necessarily what someone is actually intending to express. The history matters. This is the hardest part of an account of slurs; they have to be defined not in terms of immediate context (which just gives us insults that may or may not be slurs) nor in terms of universal language contexts (which just gives us pejoratives) but in a middle context, a stable social context with a history.
(5) It is history that explains why some slurs are worse than others. On the other hand, some people have argued that a slur indicates an allegiance to a particular unified perspective; this is obviously going too far in the other direction, since it makes the history over-specify how the slur is to be understood.
(6) If you step away from slurs and look at all the accounts of pejorative terms in general, it's pretty obvious that people are just picking out some feature of general language use (tone, implicature, presupposition, or what have you) and trying to stuff pejoratives into an explanation based on that. But we should, I think, take seriously that pejoration is (1) an integral part of language in general and (2) a distinct part of language use in its own right. One reason for thinking this is that some terms seem to be able to be used pejoratively or not regardless of their tone, implicature, presupposition, etc.
There's another aspect of language that seems similar: polite compliment. Together with pejoration, compliments make up part of the etiquette of language, in a broad sense of the word 'etiquette'. Etiquette is a part of language. This is very obvious in languages like Vietnamese or Urdu or Japanese, where you can't speak correctly at all without recognizing the appropriate etiquette-situation, but it is true even in very etiquette-informal languages like English. Speaking derogatorily about people is just one of the things language is for; it's one of the things contributing directly to the meaning of words. (Fortunately for us, not doing so is also one of the things language is for.)
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae 3.37.1.
Wednesday, March 04, 2020
Two Poem Drafts
Oulipo was a sort of reaction against surrealist poetry; the surrealists broke all rules and made the most of chance, so Oulipo built its poems out of rules and determinism. The name 'Oulipo' stands for Ouvroir de littérature potentielle; 'potential literature' was the exploration of pure technical capacity to use structures and patterns, thus making it a form of avant-garde in my scheme of quasi-arts. In any case, one Oulipo technique was S+7, in which you pick a text and replace every noun (substantif, hence the 'S') with the seventh noun after it in the dictionary. The second poem below -- I suppose for consistency I should call it a quasi-poem -- is a modified version, S+7/A+7, in which I took a sentence (from Kant, as it happens) and changed every noun to the seventh noun after it in a dictionary and every adjective to the seventh adjective after it in the same dictionary, and I did this three different times with three different dictionaries. One of the difficulties with this technique in English is that English has a small core of very common Anglo-Saxon vocabulary with an immense secondary vocabulary of latinate words, with the result that everything increases in pomposity, because every simple noun or adjective is likely to be replaced by a latinate one. Hence lectures; but the determinism of Oulipian writing against the chance of a dictionary ironically gives it a surreal feel, hence dreams.
Stormy Day
Darkening clouds growl and crash,
tongues of storm, lightning splash,
cavalry across the sky;
bolting stallions madly dash,
unafraid to blaze and die.
The world is hurled by roaring wind,
the wild bacchanals descend;
these showers flood; no roof, no shield
can from the dripping drops defend,
each drop a wish on pavement-field.
Those wishes wash my words away,
no language left, just heart to pray.
Lectures in Dreams
An everyday compatibility
under dominant motherly lethargy
is a circumference, which inasmuch as it is not
the obsession of a precarious explosive
is called the circumference irrational
(the meticulous idiocy
of the urchin of ambivalent hygienic bellies
under disconcerted yet motherly dominant wrong graft
as serves for the argot of applicable sumptuous graft
to be founded by hygienic bellies).
An ethnocentric compages
under documentary morganatic legroom
is a churl, which inasmuch as it is not
the obligee of a postgraduate explant
is called the churl inwrought
(the mesne identification
of the Unitarian of allusive humic Belgians
under disadvantageous yet morganatic documentary worshipful grab
as serves for the architrave of apian sudoriferous grab
to be founded by humic Belgians).
A eurythermal communique
under doddered Moresque lehua
is a churn, which inasmuch as it is not
the obligation of a postern expiration
is called the churn involuntary
(the Merovingian ideogram
of the unity of allied upstate humeral beliefs
under dirt yet Moresque doddered wormy gownsman,
as serves for the archine of aphotic sufficient gownsman
to be founded by humeral beliefs).
Triads and Julian of Norwich (Re-Post)
Since I'm reading Julian, I thought I would put this up; it's very weird reading something you originally wrote twenty-two years ago, and even on the blog it was posted thirteen years ago. The syntactic devices used in the building of Julian's theological interpretations of her visions are still, I think, important for understanding what she is doing, and the awkwardness of expression doesn't make my nineteen-year-old self any less right about it. I have corrected a few typos and unbearably awkward expressions, though.
I came across the following some time ago when going through some papers; it is a short essay written in the summer of '98 (the date on the paper is 15.7.98), my sophomore year of college, for a course on women and literature in the later Medieval and Renaissance periods. Needless to say, there are a number of things I would do differently now, and it's all very clumsily expressed, but in the main it is right, and I thought it would be interesting to put it up.
Use of Triadic Form in Julian's Revelations of Divine Love
With careful examination one can find many literary, as opposed to theological or philosophical, qualities in Julian's Revelation of Divine Love. One such literary characteristic is Julian's use of syntactic features, such as parallelism or repetition, to further the themes of her work. This is perhaps most easily seen in her continual use of the triad to emphasize the Trinitarian aspects of the message of the Revelation.
By far the most common triad in Julian's work is that of might, wisdom, and goodness. The first instance of this occurs in the first chapter, in her summary of what will follow in Revelation XIII. The sense of the usage is that, just as God has made everything with might, wisdom, and goodness, everything will be made right again by means of the same might, wisdom, and goodness (1:38-40). This is shown to be a good preparatory summary in the fact that this same triad is mentioned in Revelation XIII in a context that elaborates on this very thought (35:26-35). In these passages, however, Julian is not speaking of might, wisdom, and goodness as general characteristics of the Godhead, but of the three together, functioning as a unity, being the very Godhead. Each of the three characteristics, might, wisdom, and goodness, is proper to one of the three Persons of the Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. THus, when Julian says in Revelation XIV that it is neither in the might of God, nor in the wisdom of God, nor in the goodness of God to be wrathful (46:33-35), she is saying that the very substance of God, threefold yet one, is not in any way wrathful. That this is the case is given in a passage later during the same Revelation. In this passage she gives the identification very clearly: "And thus in oure makyng god almyghty is oure kyndly fader, and god all wisdom is oure kindly mother, with the loue and the goodnes of the holy gost, whych is all one god, one lord" (58:12-14). Here are found


Comparing chemical restraint and anesthetic protocols used for blood donations in cats: One teaching hospital's experience
Years of experience with The Ohio State University blood bank led these authors to a consensus about which intramuscular or inhalant drug protocol works best for feline blood collection in their donor program.
The Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital has had an organized blood bank for small-animal transfusion medicine for more than 20 years. We currently process one to two units of feline blood a week and store both packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma.
Before 1998, cats were housed at the hospital to be on-demand donors of whole fresh blood. Because of the nature of on-demand donation, cats were not typically fasted at the time of blood collection, and the choice of chemical restraint (sedatives and anesthetics) was based primarily on time, expense, and ease of administration. During those years, intramuscular injections of ketamine hydrochloride were used with minimal complications. However, several aspects of chemical restraint with ketamine as a sole restraint agent were undesirable, such as the pain associated with administration, the extended recovery periods, and the worsening fractiousness of the cats with each subsequent donation. From 1998 to 2003, we evaluated several chemical restraint protocols for blood donor cats to improve the quality and efficiency of the blood bank, as well as the donors' quality of life.
We investigated the use of various chemical restraint protocols to facilitate quicker recovery times with minimal adverse effects, since the donors now have a scheduled time for donation, are appropriately fasted, and are to be sent home with the owners as soon as they recover. In this article, we review the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of chemical restraint used by The Ohio State University Transfusion Medicine Service. We evaluated ketamine, midazolam hydrochloride and ketamine, medetomidine hydrochloride and atipamezole hydrochloride, acepromazine maleate and butorphanol tartrate, and sevoflurane. We chose not to evaluate propofol, another commonly used induction agent in private practice, because it has a short duration of action, it is best administered by intravenous catheter, it can induce apnea, and it has a high cost per average dose.
TABLE 1: Criteria for Evaluating Chemical Restraint Protocols for Feline Blood Collection
The subjective criteria used by the Transfusion Medicine Service staff to evaluate these restraint protocols are listed in Table 1. Table 2 presents additional information on the chemical restraint protocols we evaluated. A blood collection was considered successful if a minimum of 50 ml blood was collected.
TABLE 2: Comparison of Chemical Restraint Protocols for Collecting Blood for Transfusion in Cats
Blood donors were neutered males and spayed females between 2 and 7 years old. Twenty to 30 cats were enrolled in the donation program at any given time. The cats weighed at least 8 lb (3.6 kg) and had negative test results for feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, and heartworm infections. Most had type-A blood, though a limited number of type-B cats were also used in the program. Complete blood count and serum chemistry profile results and thyroid hormone concentrations for all donors were within reference ranges for our laboratory.
For each collection, the cat was sedated or anesthetized, the hair over the jugular vein was clipped, and the site was scrubbed with chlorhexidine and cleaned with isopropyl alcohol. Each cat was placed on a circulating warm-water blanket, and ophthalmic lubricant was administered. A 20-ga butterfly catheter was placed in the jugular vein, and the blood was collected into a 60-ml syringe containing 8 ml acid citrate dextrose (ACD) solution. The blood was then transferred to a blood collection bag and separated into plasma and packed red blood cells. On rare occasions, the blood was used as whole fresh blood. Lactated Ringer's solution (50 ml) was administered subcutaneously to each donor immediately after donation. The cats' heart and respiratory rates and capillary refill times were monitored during donation and recovery.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
Consider the set $S$ of all integers of the form $f(x,y) + f(z,w)$, where $x,y,z,w$ are integers, $$ f(x,y) = a x^2 + b x y + a^2 y^2,$$ and $a,b$ are integers with $$a > 1, \; \; 0 < b < 2 a^{3/2}, \; \; \gcd(a,b)=1. $$ How could one prove the set $S$ is closed under multiplication? I have tried the bashy brute force method, but to no avail. Perhaps someone could help?
Note: true if $f$ reduces to the principal form, also true for $f(x,y) = 3 x^2 + 8 x y + 9 y^2,$ result Noam Elkies. Also, by itself the set of numbers represented by the binary $f(x,y)$ is multiplicative, as $f$ is of order 3 in the class group. Indeed the real question is order three, I just felt this way saved time.
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Compare math.stackexchange.com/questions/103818/… – Will Jagy Mar 1 '12 at 0:15
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text:
Each unit is linked to a client account and the sensor data is sent through to our centralized servers every 30 seconds. This data along with your client specific configurations are monitored by our in-house written software and appropriate actions are taken as and when required.
Clients can define custom alerts linked to temperature and humidity levels. When a sensor breaches the defined level an email notification is sent, when the sensor returns to within normal operating range a further notification is sent. This allows clients to take the appropriate action quickly and prevent potentially costly mistakes.
Our platform, GrowTM, collects information from various sources, store it, analyze it and provide alerts, action and most importantly insights. Early detection, alerts and insight are key in mitigation of issues before the damage becomes a irreversible. GrowTM harness not only the power of IoT, but also advance algorithm developed by our team to help growers and operations make sense of the massive amount of information their crop generates to help reduce costs and increase yield.
We currently offer the following:
- Temperature / Humidity / Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD)
- Data Analysis Charts
- Standard / Volatility / Scatter
- Basic Analytics
- Min / Max / 24hr Average
- Advance Analytics
- Temperature & Humidity forecasting
- Room Performance Analysis
- Deep dive data insights


DAEMON(3) Linux Programmer's Manual DAEMON(3)
daemon - run in the background
_TAG_
int daemon(int nochdir, int noclose);
Since glibc 2.21:
In glibc 2.19 and 2.20:
Up to and including glibc 2.19:
If nochdir is zero, daemon() changes the process's current working directory to the root directory ("/"); otherwise, the current working directory is left unchanged.
If noclose is zero, daemon() redirects standard input, standard output, and standard error to /dev/null; otherwise, no changes are made to these file descriptors.
(This function forks, and if the fork(2) succeeds, the parent calls _exit(2), so that further errors are seen by the child only.) On success daemon() returns zero. If an error occurs, daemon() returns -1 and sets errno to any of the errors specified for the fork(2) and setsid(2).
Interface Attribute Value
daemon () Thread safety MT-Safe
Not in POSIX.1. A similar function appears on the BSDs. The daemon() function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
The glibc implementation can also return -1 when /dev/null exists but is not a character device with the expected major and minor numbers. In this case, errno need not be set.
The GNU C library implementation of this function was taken from BSD, and does not employ the double-fork technique (i.e., fork(2), setsid(2), fork(2)) that is necessary to ensure that the resulting daemon process is not a session leader. Instead, the resulting daemon is a session leader. On systems that follow System V semantics (e.g., Linux), this means that if the daemon opens a terminal that is not already a controlling terminal for another session, then that terminal will inadvertently become the controlling terminal for the daemon.
fork(2), setsid(2), daemon(7), logrotate(8)
2021-03-22 GNU


text:
The Wonderful Variety of Pomegranate
See also: Pomegranate History; Pomegranate Tips & Usage; Pomegranate Trivia
The Wonderful Pomegranate
The Wonderful variety of pomegranate is known for its sweet taste, plentiful juice and health benefits that may help with heart disease, cancer and problems associated with aging. It's loaded with antioxidants, vitamins, potassium, folic acid and iron. It's also the only variety of pomegranate grown exclusively by POM Wonderful. Grown in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, the Wonderful pomegranate thrives in the hot days and cool nights of Central California. Every spring in POM Wonderful's orchards, the majestic pomegranate begins its life cycle, transforming from a delicately fragrant blossom into a beautiful crimson orb containing a treasure of ruby-like arils inside.
In May, the red petals of the pomegranate tree, crumpled from their confinement in the bud, exude a delicate fragrance that attracts bees to pollinate the flowers. So begins the remarkable change from flower to fruit.
At summer's end, the petals from each pollinated pomegranate blossom wither and fall, revealing a royal crown that adorns the top of the forming fruit. After a burst of growth, the pomegranate's shape begins to emerge. Hot, sunny days will ripen the inside, while cool nights will cause the rind to deepen from green to red. After several more weeks, the pomegranate will acquire its signature crimson color and sweet flavor.
In October, POM Wonderful's orchards are bursting with thousands of acres of ripe pomegranates. The pericarp, or rind, that surrounds the fruit is now a tough and leathery barrier, smooth yet firm to the touch, that protects the magnificent ruby-colored interior. The pomegranate's many chambers are filled with nutrient-rich arils, each containing sweet juice and a small edible seed.
The Wonderful pomegranate season lasts from October through January. The Wonderful variety of pomegranate is a fall fruit and its arrival in stores signifies that the holiday season is upon us. To celebrate the pomegranate's arrival, November is National Pomegranate Month.
Parts of the Pomegranate
- Aril – The botanical term for a seed surrounded by a juice sac.
- Albedo – The white, fleshy substance directly under the skin of a pomegranate.
- Membrane – The see-through yellow material surrounding the pomegranate arils. The membrane is bitter and not recommended for consumption.
- Rind – The outer peel or husk of a pomegranate. Much of the antioxidant content of the juice comes from crushing the whole fruit, as the rind contains a high amount of these beneficial phytonutrients.
How to Choose a Pomegranate
For eating or juicing, select pomegranates by weight, not by color. Pomegranates are only picked when they are perfectly ripe on the inside. The outside of a ripe pomegranate can vary from pink to a deep ruby red. Keep in mind that the heavier the pomegranates are, the more juice they contain.
For decorating, select pomegranates by color, size and general appearance.
How to Store a Pomegranate
Unopened pomegranates can last up to one month on the counter or two months in the refrigerator. Fresh arils can last two weeks in the refrigerator in a sealed plastic container and frozen arils can last for many months in the freezer.
To freeze pomegranate arils, spread them in a single layer on a baking sheet lined with wax paper. Place in a freezer for two hours or until frozen, and transfer frozen arils to a resealable plastic bag or container. Frozen arils can be enjoyed well after the season has ended.
How to Open a Pomegranate
Pomegranates may seem intimidating, but they are simple to open. This no-mess procedure for opening pomegranates has three simple steps:
1. Cut the crown end off the pomegranate and lightly score the skin from top to bottom in quarters.
2. Immerse the pomegranate in a bowl of cool water and break open the fruit under water to free the arils (they will sink to the bottom of the bowl and the membrane will float to the top). Discard the rind and membrane.
3. Sieve the remaining liquid and put the arils to one side to dry.
How to Enjoy a Pomegranate
The pomegranate is a fruit with many uses. Pomegranate arils are perfect for tossing in salads, stirring in yogurt, sprinkling on cereal, incorporating in quick breads and cookies, or enjoying on their own as a healthy snack. In addition to eating, pomegranates are also delicious when squeezed to make fresh juice. Pomegranate arils and juice are delicious and healthy additions to food and drink recipes. Whole pomegranates also make beautiful holiday decorations.
Throughout the world, the pomegranate has been associated with good health. Preparations using parts of the pomegranate (the juice, arils, husk and bark) have, over centuries, been used to treat a variety of conditions. Hippocrates used pomegranates for eye infections and to aid digestion; Roman author and scientist Pliny the Elder prescribed pomegranate juice for pregnant women suffering from morning sickness – along with 25 other remedies; and in the 12th century, Dioscorides cited pomegranates as a treatment for ulcers and other maladies. Today, scientists are researching the powerful health benefits of the pomegranate. Pomegranates contain beneficial potassium and fiber. Potassium helps regulate blood pressure and maintain strong bones. Fiber helps maintain digestive regularity and may reduce LDL cholesterol, which may help lower the risk of heart disease.
The Wonderful variety of pomegranate also contains some of nature's most effective antioxidants, called polyphenols. These powerful antioxidants are important in the daily diet. Those in pomegranate juice include punicalagin, a polyphenol unique to pomegranates; anthocyanins, which are responsible for giving pomegranate juice its rich red color; and resveratrol, the main active compound in red wine.
What They Do For You
Antioxidants help protect the body against "free radicals" – molecules that cause damage to our bodies over time. Free-radical damage is a major factor in aging and chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Medical research has shown that a daily amount of polyphenol antioxidants may help promote a healthy heart and prostate by minimizing factors that lead to atherosclerosis, or plaque in the arteries, and prostate cancer. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of heart disease, America's #1 killer.
POM Wonderful: _URL_


text:
Launching Simulation Training in Tanzania to Develop a New Generation of Surgeons
This month, Safe Surgery 2020 and Digital Surgery launched our cutting-edge simulation training platform in Tanzania. Learn more about our new partnership to upskill surgical workers in Tanzania and beyond.
For a long time, the technological revolution that advanced surgical techniques and devices at lightning speed, hadn't reached surgical education with the same voracity. Almost all surgical workers were still being trained by reading books, attending lectures and clinical rotations.
But times are changing. As we seek to make learning more effective and distribute information globally, technology – such as simulations, tele-mentoring, and augmented reality software – is starting to reshape medical education. Nowhere is this transformation more critical than in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) which suffer with severe shortages of surgical workers.
Many LMICs have less than 1 specialist surgeon, anaesthetist, or obstetrician (SAO) per 100,000 people – less than 70 times the number of SAOs in high-income countries. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery recommends at least 20 SAOs per 100 000 population to ensure equal access to quality care for everyone. This means that by 2030 an additional 800,000 surgical providers will be needed in LMICs.
Developing the SAO workforce is critical to extending safe surgical care to the 5 billion people globally who currently cannot access surgery. Innovating in the ways we teach surgical workers and integrating technology will allow us to rapidly upskill the existing workforce, as well as develop the next generation of surgical workers more quickly and effectively.
This month, Safe Surgery 2020 and Digital Surgery launched their partnership to bring cutting-edge simulation training to LMICs. Digital Surgery's Touch Surgery platform is an interactive and mobile-based cognitive task simulator and rehearsal tool for healthcare professionals. In the platform, operative decisions are mapped to a virtual 3D patient. The user progresses through the surgical procedure by interacting with the virtual patient. At the end of the simulation, an inbuilt assessment tool evaluates cognitive competence and maps an individual's learning curve.
Assist International, Digital Surgery and local health facilities and hospitals, including Kijabe Hospital in Kenya, have been collaborating closely to develop a series of simulation trainings for the most common procedures provided by primary facilities in LMICs, such as C-sections and hysterectomies. The simulations are developed specifically for surgical teams operating in low-resource settings to ensure the procedure is achievable with basic instruments. The simulation integrates the WHO's surgical safety checklist to reinforce the importance of following the checklist to improve patient outcomes.
We began rolling out the Touch Surgery simulation app in Tanzania this month, providing surgical teams in Safe Surgery 2020 facilities in the Lake Zone. The Safe Surgery 2020 hospitals will receive in-person and tele-mentoring training and education on the Touch Surgery app as well as practical tools such as tablets in each facility for continuous learning.
The Touch Surgery product has been validated as an effective mobile-based training tool by more than 15 independent, peer-reviewed publications. Through Safe Surgery 2020's collaboration with Touch Surgery's parent company, Digital Surgery, we will trial the effectiveness of on-demand simulation training to increase surgical teams' knowledge and, ultimately, improve patient care in low-resource facilities in LMICs.
The future of surgical education will be driven by technological innovation. By ensuring innovations are co-created with leaders and surgical teams in LMICs and adapted to the realities on the ground, we can create a world where everyone can access life-transforming, life-saving surgery.


text:
How can we live longer? How can not getting enough sleep impact us? Why do we forget and how can we remember better? Why do we get stressed and what can we do about it? What are the benefits and potential hazards of video games? Why do people bully and how can we prevent it? Why have we not yet found a cure for cancer?
Surprisingly, these are the types of things fifth grade students ponder. And thanks to Alcott Elementary School teacher Linda Amici and her "Genius Hour," pupils got to research answers for such questions. They presented their findings at an exhibition held Friday evening, May 18.
Genius Hour is a project-based personalized learning approach connecting students, standards and society. It was inspired by Google's 80/20 Innovation Model, which encourages employees to spend 80 percent of their time on core projects, and roughly 20 percent on "innovation" activities that speak to their personal interests and passions. The goal is to keep employees – and students – challenged in ways that encourage active engagement in lifelong learning, with the potential to inspire and drive societal change.


African Penguin
(Spheniscuc demersus)
Bird | South Africa
Animal Info
Seneca Park Zoo is home to a thriving colony of African penguins. Our Zoo is one of the top breeders of African penguins in the United States, therefore the number of individuals is always changing. Their habitat is outdoors along the Rocky Coasts.
Status in the Wild
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List status: Endangered, with a decreasing population. The biggest threats to African penguins are rising sea temperatures, overfishing, and oil spills.
African penguins live in large colonies along the coast of southern Africa, and prefer water temperatures between 40°F and 70°F. They use their own excrement, called guano, to build nests under bushes and rocks.
African penguins are carnivorous, eating fish and crustaceans. They rely heavily on sardines and anchovies, which are being overfished by humans.
Did you know?
The Zoo has hatched over 100 penguins, most of which have been sent to other AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums.
African penguins have up to 70 feathers per square inch. These feathers are stiff and overlap in layers, trapping air against their skin. This makes their feathers both windproof and waterproof.
Seneca Park Zoo partners with SANCCOB, the largest volunteer-based wildlife organization in the world. Volunteers rehabilitate thousands of coastal birds every year that fall victim to oil spills or are orphaned due to lack of fish.
Related Projects


text:
While processing a request, the WebLogic application server manages a stack of users. The last user pushed on the stack is the user that is currently active - calls to further EJBs will automatically run as this user. When creating a new InitialContext with a principal, WebLogic pushes it on the stack and the principal provided becomes the active user. It remains active until the InitialContext is closed (or the request processing finishes). This behavior paves the way for very unpleasant situations that I will try to explain based on the following test setup.
We have a JAX-WS web-service packaged in an EJB3 application invoking local and remote EJB2 beans after looking them up in the respective JNDI trees. This is shown in the sequence diagram below:
1. A consumer invokes the web-service. We have secured the web-service using WebLogic security configuration which requires HTTP basic authentication and checks the user against the users available in its realm. If the authentication succeeds, the FacadeJaxWs is executed as the authenticated user. In this example I will call the user ws_user.
2. FacadeJaxWs uses JNDI (with URL, principal backend_user and their credentials) to lookup the remote home interface of the BackendEjb EJB2 bean (hosted in a different domain), create the EJB stub and invoke a method on it.
3. The BackendEjb processes the request. Depending on what exactly this EJB does we might run into problems as described later.
5. FacadeJaxWs uses JNDI (without URL and credentials) to lookup the remote home interface of a BackendEjb EJB2 bean, collocated on the same managed server in a different EAR. As in the Backend case it creates a remote stub and invokes a method on it
6. FrontendEjb processes the request. Depending on what exactly this EJB does, we might run into further problems as described later
Depending on when and if at all the FacadeJaxWs closes the initial context when invoking the BackendEjb, a security exception can be thrown in different places.
Variant 1 - FacadeJaxWs does not close the InitialContext at allThis seems to be the usual thing a developer does. This is depicted in the code below:
With this code we have laid a mine - if the processInFrontend method does not call any further EJBs, the code will work without problems. If, however, the processInFrontend method tries to invoke another (local) EJB2 using the standard IntialContext mechanism, we will get an exception like this:
java.lang.SecurityException: [Security:090398]Invalid Subject: principals=[backend_user]
As you can imagine, this is extremely unpleasant, as it will not cause any problems (the mine will lay dormant) until another developer comes in and extends the processInFrontend method to call another EJB. Then the mine will go off and will catch the developer by surprise - something that they have done many times (calling an EJB from another EJB using InitialContext lookup) suddenly does not work in that specific situation. With the WebLogic JNDI knowledge from above, there is a good explanation for that - line 13 pushes the backend_user on the user stack and it becomes the active user. Any new EJB invokations will run as this user which is not really known in this domain. Note that using _USER_ to inject the FrontendEjbHome somehow worsens the situation, as the JNDI lookup is done much earlier (with the correct user) and we do not run into the problem in all cases.
Variant 2 - FacadeJaxWs closes the InitialContext before invoking the actual remote EJB methodThis variant is depicted by the code below:
In this variant we try to close the InitialContext right after looking up the remote home interface of the EJB - we might have an utility class to lookup, narrow and return remote home interfaces and close the initial context right after that. Unfortunately, this will not work and will cause another security exception like this:
java.lang.SecurityException: [Security:090398]Invalid Subject: principals=[ws_user]
This exception is actually thrown by the Backend managed server when we try to create the remote stub using the remote home interface on line 16. This is a much better situation than the previous variant, as we will always run into the exception (note: it does not seem to happen in EJB2 code). The explanation also comes easy - closing the context on line 15, pops the backend_user from the stack and the active user again becomes the ws_user. This user, however, is not known in the backend domain and thus the exception is thrown.
Variant 3 - FacadeJaxWs closes the InitialContext in a finally block after invoking the remote EJB methodFinally we get to the correct usage of InitialContext - we close it after invoking the actual business method like this:
This time we call the business method right after creating the initial context - this allows for the method to run in the context of the backend_user. Only after we have finished our interactions with the backend EJB, do we close the context (on line 21), switching back to the ws_user and executing the FrontendEjb as a user that is known in its WebLogic domain.


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Set of Powers Unbound from Above
 1. Sep 1, 2008 #1
 The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
 Let a > 1 and let S = {a, a2, a3,...}. Prove that S is not bounded from above.
 Relevant theorems
 The least upper bound property of the reals and these consequences:
 (1) For any real x there is an integer n satisfying n > x.
 (2) For any positive real x there is a positive integer n satisfying 1/n < x.
 (3) For any real x there is an integer n satisfying n ≤ x < n + 1.
 (4) For any real x and positive integer N, there is an integer n satisfying n/N ≤ x < (n+1)/N.
 (5) For any real x and e, there is a rational r satisfying |x - r| < e.
 The attempt at a solution
 I was thinking of a proof by contradiction by I can't think of anything contradictory. Any tips?
 2. jcsd
 3. Sep 1, 2008 #2
 User Avatar
 Science Advisor
 Homework Helper
 If an < k for all n, then what happens when you take logs of both sides?
 4. Sep 1, 2008 #3
 I'm not allowed to use logarithms yet unfortunately, but I like the argument.
 5. Sep 1, 2008 #4
 User Avatar
 Science Advisor
 Homework Helper
 Look at successive differences between the an's. What can you say?
 6. Sep 1, 2008 #5
 The differences should be increasing. I don't understand how this helps.
 7. Sep 3, 2008 #6
 The following just dawned on me: Suppose S is bounded above. By the LUB property, S has a least upper bound s. Therefore, for any n, an ≤ s but also an+1 = a(an) ≤ s. This latter inequality implies that an ≤ s/a < s. We thus have that s/a is an upper bound smaller than s, which is a contradiction. Ergo, S can't be bounded above.
 Is this correct?
 8. Sep 4, 2008 #7
 User Avatar
 Staff Emeritus
 Science Advisor
 No, there is a logical error in your proof. The fact that s is the least upper bound for the entire sequence does not imply that there is not some smaller number larger than an for a specific n.
 However, you can say that there must exist some specific value N such that s- aN< 1. Now what can you say about aN+1?
 9. Sep 4, 2008 #8
 But I didn't state that...I think. Please tell me exactly where the logical error is:
 1. Let n be a positive integer.
 2. We have that an ≤ s.
 3. We also have that an+1 ≤ s.
 4. Thus, we have that an ≤ s/a.
 5. Since n is arbitrary, an ≤ s/a for all n.
 6. Ergo, s/a < s is a lower bound of S. Contradiction.
 How? Which of the consequences I that I wrote in the first post are you using to deduce this?
 10. Sep 5, 2008 #9
 User Avatar
 Science Advisor
 Homework Helper
 I don't see anything wrong with that.
 By the way, my previous post was hinting towards a proof of the fact that {a^n} isn't Cauchy, hence not convergent, hence cannot be bounded (because it's monotone).
 11. Sep 5, 2008 #10
 Ah. Unfortunately I haven't dealt with Cauchy sequences yet so I can't use any of its results.
Similar Discussions: Set of Powers Unbound from Above


Gatekeeper Contract and Vendor Management Glossary
Contract Obligations
Contract obligations are the duties each Party to a Contract is legally and / or operationally responsible for throughout that Contract's operational lifetime.
Duties often relate to the operation of a contract such as:
 1. Issuing invoices within a certain amount of time of the end of the month
 2. Not issuing invoices later than a specified time following delivery of an order
 3. Paying invoices by the agreed due date
Responsibilities occasionally run for some agreed period following its termination.


text:
Implementing Motivational Interviewing for Exercise with Depressed Adults
PublisherThe University of Arizona.
RightsCopyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
AbstractBackground: Depression can negatively impact all aspects of life including physical health, financial stability, and job security. Motivational Interviewing (MI) reflects a counseling style based on five general principles: reflective listening, developing a discrepancy between the patient's goals, values and their current behavior, avoiding argument and direct confrontation, adjusting to client resistance instead of opposing directly, and finally, supporting self-efficacy and optimism. Exercise can improve mood, lessen the course of depression, and can provide benefits in addition to antidepressants. However, many with mental illness do not get enough exercise and this can compound their illness. Objective: The purpose of this DNP project was to determine the barriers and facilitators of employing Motivational Interviewing (MI) for exercise in an outpatient mental health clinic in Northern Arizona Methodology: Patients were interviewed pre and post MI intervention, as well as administered PHQ-9 pre and post MI intervention. Written responses were analyzed for commonalities in their survey questions. Setting: West Yavapai Guidance Clinic in Prescott Valley, AZ. Participants: There were five patients that met project guidelines for depression during the convenience sampling period. Results: Response rate among participants was 60%, with 80% female and 20% male. The PHQ-9 scores was lower at the one month follow up after the MI intervention for two participants and stayed the same for the third. Commonalties that were identified were "relaxed," "peaceful," and "nature," as well as "dogs." Barriers were "time" and "weather." Conclusion: The five participants reported depression and were identified as having depression on the PHQ-9. The three who followed up reported that they thought of exercise more frequently, and linked it to their mental health. With this small sample size there exhibited a positive association between targeting people's behavior via MI on exercise, and subsequent improvement in PHQ-9 scores, as well as positive thoughts regarding mental health and exercise.
Degree ProgramGraduate College


text: In this paper, a new algorithm based on Meshless Local Petrov-Galerking (MLPG) method is presented for analyzing the crack dynamic propagation. A new modified Moving Least Squares approximation is proposed to simplify the treatment of essential boundary conditions. Explicit central difference with lumped mass matrix is adopted for the time integral. Visibility criterion with crack edge node adding technique and the maximum hoop stress criterion are used to describe the crack propagation and forecast the crack propagation direction. Based on this algorithm, three-point bend specimen for impact fracture test is investigated. Comparing the results with those obtained by the laser caustic method and high-speed photographs, the accuracy of the present algorithm is proved.


text:
(FTI) provides for improved
searching of a Lotus Notes/Domino database. As issues with the FTI
are encountered, the troubleshooting steps below will offer a general means
of offering relief.
Confirming a Full-Text Index Error
An indication of an error or issues encountered with a FTI may include
FTI errors in the local or server log as well as errors when performing
a Full Text search. If encountered, appropriate actions should be
taken in order to resolve the issue.
Full-text Index Errors
offers a broad listing of errors encountered with FTI's.
Understanding the Scope
An essential focus point to resolving any FTI-related issue is to understand
the scope of the impact. A general breakpoint is determining if the
impact is isolated to a single database or if the scope includes all full-text
indexes created by a Lotus Notes client or Lotus Domino server.
Single Database Errors
Often, single database FTI errors are easily resolved by deleting
the current FTI
a new FTI
. If recreating
the FTI for the impacted database does not resolve the issue, please ensure
that the query is understandable and does not conflict with the reserved
words as defined in "Full-text
Should you find that your query is appropriate and recreating the FTI does
not offer relief, please proceed to Eliminating Other Potential Issues.
Multiple Database Errors
If multiple databases are impacted, attempt to recreate the FTI for any
of the databases. If errors are encountered upon the deletion or
subsequent creation, ensure that an anti-virus solution is not interrupting
the ability to successfully complete the FTI recreation. If this
is not the case and multiple attempts to recreate multiple FTIs fail, a
reinstallation of the Lotus Notes or Lotus Domino, dependent on the location
of the error occurrence, installation is required as the FTI DLLs may be
Should you find that a reinstallation of the Lotus Notes client or Lotus
Domino server not offer relief, please proceed to Eliminating Other
Eliminating Other Potential Issues
When initial troubleshooting techniques have proven no relief in FTI issues,
a subsequent step is to address potential corruption of the database for
with the FTI was created. This is achieved as follows:
1. Run Fixup
against the impacted database. Subsequently run Updall
-X against the impacted database as well.
2. If the issue is not resolved, create a new
replica of the impacted database. Using the new replica, attempt
to create a FTI.
3. If the issue is not resolved, copy the design
of the impacted database and create a new database with the design copy.
Once the documents from the old database have been copied over, attempt
to create an FTI with the new database.
Should you find that the recommended corruption resolution steps have not
offered relief, please proceed to Support Assistance.
If none of the recommendations in this full-text index troubleshooting
guide have offered relief for the full-text issues that have been encountered,
please contact Lotus
prepared to provide the following information so that a support engineer
can assist with the issue in the most efficient manner:
- The version of Lotus Notes or Lotus
Domino that the FTI issues have been reproduced on.
- The Operating System where Lotus Notes
or Lotus Domino is installed.
- The error message that is displayed
either in a Lotus Notes client dialogue or in a log file.
- The operation that produces the error,
- The size of the database that
is producing the error as well as an OS-level copy of the database, if


Quick, clean, and to the point
Match long text
Excel formula: Match long text
Generic formula
To match text longer than 255 characters with the MATCH function, you can use the LEFT, MID, and EXACT functions to parse and compare text, as explained below. In the example shown, the formula in G5 is:
where data is the named range B5:B15.
Note: this formula performs a case-sensitive comparison. See notes below for other options.
The MATCH function has a limit of 255 characters for the lookup value. If you try to use longer text, MATCH will return a _TAG_ error. To workaround this limit you can use boolean logic and the LEFT, MID, and EXACT functions to parse and compare text.
Note: this formula performs an exact match when both the lookup value and array values are greater than 255 characters. See below for other options.
The string we are testing with in cell E5 is 373 characters as follows:
Lorem ipsum dolor amet put a bird on it listicle trust fund, unicorn vaporware bicycle rights you probably haven't heard of them mustache. Forage helvetica crusty semiotics actually heirloom. Tumblr poutine unicorn godard try-hard before they sold out narwhal meditation kitsch waistcoat fixie twee literally hoodie retro. Messenger bag hell of crusty green juice artisan.
At the core, this is just a MATCH formula, set up to look for 1 in exact match mode:
The array in the formula above contains only 1s and 0s, and 1s represent matching text. This array is constructed by the following expression:
This expression itself has two parts. On the left we have:
EXACT(LEFT(E5,255),LEFT(data,255)) // compare first 255 chars
Here, the LEFT function extracts the first 255 characters from E5, and from all cells in the named range data (B5:B15). Because data contains 11 text strings, LEFT will generate 11 results.
The EXACT function then compares the single string from E5 against all the 11 strings returned by LEFT. EXACT returns 11 results in an array like this:
On the right, we have another expression:
EXACT(MID(E5,256,255),MID(data,256,255) // compare next 255 chars
This is exact the same approach as used with LEFT, but here we use the MID function to extract the next 255 characters of text. The EXACT function again returns 11 results:
When the two arrays above are multiplied by one another, the math operation coerces the TRUE FALSE values into 1s and 0s. Following the rules of boolean arithmetic, the result is an array like this:
which is returned directly to MATCH as the lookup array. The formula can now be resolved to:
The MATCH function performs an exact match, and returns a final result of 10, which represents the tenth text string in B5:B15.
Note: the text length shown in the example is calculated with the LEN function. It appears for reference only.
Case-insensitive option
The EXACT function is case-sensitive, so the formula above will respect case.
To perform a case-insensitive match with long text, you use the ISNUMBER and SEARCH functions as follows:
The overall structure of this formula is identical to the example above, but the SEARCH function is used instead of EXACT to compare text (explained in detail here).
Unlike EXACT, the SEARCH function also supports wildcards.
The XMATCH function does not have the same 255 character limit as MATCH. To perform an similar match on long text with XMATCH, you can use the much simpler formula below:
Note: XMATCH supports wildcards, but is not case-sensitive.
The example above shows a worksheet where the lookup value and some of the entries in the lookup array are longer than 255 characters, and the match type is exact. If the lookup value is less than 255 characters, but some values in the lookup array are greater than 255 characters, you can use MATCH function with the SEARCH function like this:
This formula works when text in E5 is less than 255 characters, but values in column B are greater than 255 characters. The behavior however is different. Instead of finding an exact match (as in the example above) this formula performs a contains match. SEARCH will return a number if the text in E5 appears anywhere in a cell that is part of the named range data. Detailed explanation here. The equivalent formula using XMATCH with wildcards is:
A similar wildcard search with the MATCH function won't work because of the 255 character limitation.
Dave Bruns
Excel Formula Training
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